p3/preprocess/Thyroid_Cancer/code/GSE151179.py

# Path Configuration
from tools.preprocess import *

# Processing context
trait = "Thyroid_Cancer"
cohort = "GSE151179"

# Input paths
in_trait_dir = "../DATA/GEO/Thyroid_Cancer"
in_cohort_dir = "../DATA/GEO/Thyroid_Cancer/GSE151179"

# Output paths
out_data_file = "./output/preprocess/3/Thyroid_Cancer/GSE151179.csv"
out_gene_data_file = "./output/preprocess/3/Thyroid_Cancer/gene_data/GSE151179.csv"
out_clinical_data_file = "./output/preprocess/3/Thyroid_Cancer/clinical_data/GSE151179.csv"
json_path = "./output/preprocess/3/Thyroid_Cancer/cohort_info.json"

# Get file paths for SOFT and matrix files
soft_file_path, matrix_file_path = geo_get_relevant_filepaths(in_cohort_dir)

# Get background info and clinical data from the matrix file
background_info, clinical_data = get_background_and_clinical_data(matrix_file_path)

# Create dictionary of unique values for each feature
unique_values_dict = get_unique_values_by_row(clinical_data)

# Print the information
print("Dataset Background Information:")
print(background_info)
print("\nSample Characteristics:")
for feature, values in unique_values_dict.items():
    print(f"\n{feature}:")
    print(values)
# 1. Gene Expression Data Availability
# From background info, this is gene expression data
is_gene_available = True

# 2. Clinical Feature Variables
# 2.1 Data Availability

# Trait (cancer status) can be inferred from tissue type (row 1)
# Non-neoplastic thyroid = control, others = cancer case
trait_row = 1

# Age and gender not available in sample characteristics
age_row = None  
gender_row = None

# 2.2 Data Type Conversion Functions
def convert_trait(value: str) -> int:
    """Convert tissue type to binary trait (0=control, 1=cancer)"""
    if not isinstance(value, str):
        return None
    value = value.split(': ')[1].lower() if ': ' in value else value.lower()
    if 'non-neoplastic thyroid' in value:
        return 0
    elif any(x in value for x in ['tumor', 'metastasis']):
        return 1
    return None

def convert_age(value: str) -> float:
    return None

def convert_gender(value: str) -> int:
    return None

# 3. Save Metadata
is_trait_available = (trait_row is not None)
validate_and_save_cohort_info(is_final=False, 
                            cohort=cohort,
                            info_path=json_path,
                            is_gene_available=is_gene_available,
                            is_trait_available=is_trait_available)

# 4. Clinical Feature Extraction
if trait_row is not None:
    clinical_features = geo_select_clinical_features(
        clinical_df=clinical_data,
        trait=trait,
        trait_row=trait_row,
        convert_trait=convert_trait,
        age_row=age_row,
        convert_age=convert_age, 
        gender_row=gender_row,
        convert_gender=convert_gender
    )
    
    # Preview the extracted features
    preview = preview_df(clinical_features)
    print("Preview of clinical features:")
    print(preview)
    
    # Save to CSV
    clinical_features.to_csv(out_clinical_data_file)
# Extract genetic data matrix
genetic_data = get_genetic_data(matrix_file_path)

# Print first few rows with column names to examine data structure
print("Data preview:")
print("\nColumn names:")
print(list(genetic_data.columns)[:5])
print("\nFirst 5 rows:")
print(genetic_data.head())
print("\nShape:", genetic_data.shape)

# Verify this is gene expression data and check identifiers
is_gene_available = True

# Save updated metadata
validate_and_save_cohort_info(
    is_final=False,
    cohort=cohort,
    info_path=json_path, 
    is_gene_available=is_gene_available,
    is_trait_available=(trait_row is not None)
)

# Save gene expression data 
genetic_data.to_csv(out_gene_data_file)
# Review the gene identifiers
requires_gene_mapping = True

# Explanation: The gene identifiers appear to be probe/sequence IDs (e.g. 23064070)
# rather than standard human gene symbols (which would look like BRCA1, TP53 etc).
# Therefore mapping to gene symbols will be required.
# Extract gene annotation data
gene_metadata = get_gene_annotation(soft_file_path) 

# Preview column names and first few values
preview = preview_df(gene_metadata)
print("\nGene annotation columns and sample values:")
print(preview)
# Extract gene id and name mapping from annotation
mapping_df = get_gene_mapping(gene_metadata, prob_col='ID', gene_col='SPOT_ID.1')

# Apply gene mapping to convert probe-level data to gene expression data 
gene_data = apply_gene_mapping(genetic_data, mapping_df)

# Normalize gene symbols in index
gene_data = normalize_gene_symbols_in_index(gene_data)

# Preview the mapped data
print("\nGene expression data after mapping:")
print(gene_data.shape)
print("\nFirst few gene names:")
print(list(gene_data.index)[:5])

# Save the gene expression data
gene_data.to_csv(out_gene_data_file)
# 1. Normalize gene symbols and save gene data
normalized_gene_data = normalize_gene_symbols_in_index(gene_data)
os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(out_gene_data_file), exist_ok=True)
normalized_gene_data.to_csv(out_gene_data_file)

# 2. Link clinical and genetic data  
clinical_features = pd.read_csv(out_clinical_data_file, index_col=0)
linked_data = geo_link_clinical_genetic_data(clinical_features, normalized_gene_data)

# 3. Handle missing values
linked_data = handle_missing_values(linked_data, trait)

# 4. Judge bias in features and remove biased ones
trait_biased, linked_data = judge_and_remove_biased_features(linked_data, trait)

# 5. Final validation and save metadata
is_usable = validate_and_save_cohort_info(
    is_final=True,
    cohort=cohort,
    info_path=json_path,
    is_gene_available=is_gene_available, 
    is_trait_available=True,
    is_biased=trait_biased,
    df=linked_data,
    note="Dataset contains gene expression data comparing 27 follicular thyroid cancers with 25 follicular thyroid adenomas."
)

# 6. Save linked data if usable
if is_usable:
    os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(out_data_file), exist_ok=True)
    linked_data.to_csv(out_data_file)