Elementary Multiperspective Material Ontology (EMMO) EMMO is a multidisciplinary effort to develop a standard representational framework (the ontology) based on current materials modelling knowledge, including physical sciences, analytical philosophy and information and communication technologies. It provides the connection between the physical world, materials characterisation world and materials modelling world. EMMO is released under a Creative Commons license Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0). EMMO F. A. Zaccarini, C. Masolo, E. Ghedini, and S. Borgo. From Causation (and Parthood) to Time: The Case of EMMO (2023) doi: 10.3233/FAIA231120 2024-03 2018-05-03 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode 2024-03 European Commission, Directorate-General for Research and Innovation, Baas, A., What makes a material function? - Let me compute the ways - Modelling in H2020 LEIT-NMBP programme materials and nanotechnology projects -Sixth version - Short version, Baas, A.(editor), Publications Office of the European Union, 2017, https://data.europa.eu/doi/10.2777/404734 CWA 17815, Materials characterisation - Terminology, metadata and classification. Led by EMMC. 2017. https://www.cencenelec.eu/media/CEN-CENELEC/CWAs/ICT/cwa17815.pdf Elementary Multiperspective Material Ontology (EMMO) 10.5281/zenodo.6528495 First release candidate for v1.0.0 of the top-level ontology. emmo https://w3id.org/emmo The EMMO should be reasoned in order to visualize all inferences and class hierarchy in Protege (ctrl+R hotkey). It is tested with both the HermiT (preferred) and HermiT reasoners. 1.0.0-beta7 1.0.0-rc3 https://github.com/emmo-repo/EMMO/raw/master/doc/emmo-logo.png emmo@emmc.eu Relates a prefixed unit to its unit symbol part. hasUnitSymbol hasUnitSymbol Relates a prefixed unit to its unit symbol part. A temporal relation between two entities occurs when the two entities are in a one directional causality relation. The idea is that a temporal relation always implies a one-directional causality between two entities, leading to a asymmetric relation. This means that the causing entity can be in direct and optionally indirect causality relation with the effect entity. On the contrary, the effect entity cannot be in any causal relation (direct or indirect) with the causing entity. A time contact occurs when x isDirectCause y and not(y isCauseOf x). Each pair of entities in direct causality relation is either in hasNext or hasTwoWayCauseWith relation. The two are mutually exclusive. precedes foregoes hasNext isBefore My life between 18-24 years has next my life between 24-32 years. The raw sample has next the treated sampled, which has next the examined sample. In this sense the whole sample is made of three states, connected by the has next relation, following its evolution in time. precedes A temporal relation between two entities occurs when the two entities are in a one directional causality relation. The idea is that a temporal relation always implies a one-directional causality between two entities, leading to a asymmetric relation. This means that the causing entity can be in direct and optionally indirect causality relation with the effect entity. On the contrary, the effect entity cannot be in any causal relation (direct or indirect) with the causing entity. A time contact occurs when x isDirectCause y and not(y isCauseOf x). Each pair of entities in direct causality relation is either in hasNext or hasTwoWayCauseWith relation. The two are mutually exclusive. This relation is asymmetric and irreflexive. A causal relation between the causing and the effected entities occurring without intermediaries. Direct causality is a concept that captures the idea of direct interaction between two entities, given the fact that there are no causal intermediaries between them. It requires that at least a quantum of the causing entity is direct cause of a quantum of the caused entity. It does not exclude the possibility of other indirect causal routes between some proper parts of the two entities. The direct causality in a 4D ontology covers both time-like causal interaction (when causality is one-way from one entity to another) and space-like causal interaction (when causality is two-way between two entities). Direct cause is irreflexive. directlyCauses isDirectCauseOf directlyCauses Direct causality is a concept that captures the idea of direct interaction between two entities, given the fact that there are no causal intermediaries between them. It requires that at least a quantum of the causing entity is direct cause of a quantum of the caused entity. It does not exclude the possibility of other indirect causal routes between some proper parts of the two entities. The direct causality in a 4D ontology covers both time-like causal interaction (when causality is one-way from one entity to another) and space-like causal interaction (when causality is two-way between two entities). A causal relation between the causing and the effected entities occurring without intermediaries. Direct cause is irreflexive. Direct cause provides the edges for the transitive restriction of the direct acyclic causal graph whose nodes are the quantum entities. A relation between entities that are only one-directionally causally connected. A relation jointly covered by hasNext and hasSuccessor relations, which are mutually exclusive. isBefore isTemporallyBefore isBefore A relation jointly covered by hasNext and hasSuccessor relations, which are mutually exclusive. A relation between entities that are only one-directionally causally connected. follows isNextOf succeeds follows A spatial contact between two entities occurs when the two entities are in an interaction relation whose causal structure is a representation of the fundamental interactions between elementary particles (Feynman diagrams). It means that if two entities are in contact, then there is at least a couple of elementary particles, one part of the first and one part of the second, interacting according to one of the fundamental interactions through virtual particles. This kind of connection is space-like (i.e. interconnecting force carrier particle is offshelf). Contacts between two entities exclude the possibility of other causal relations that are not included in a fundamental space-like interaction. An interaction that is the sum of direct causality relations between two entities that are interpretable as fundamental physical interactions. Spatial contact is symmetric and irreflexive. contacts adjacentWith hasSpatialnteractionWith touches An elementary electron is in contact with another elementary electron in a scattering process. The laptop is in contact with the desk, since there is a double-directional causality. contacts A spatial contact between two entities occurs when the two entities are in an interaction relation whose causal structure is a representation of the fundamental interactions between elementary particles (Feynman diagrams). It means that if two entities are in contact, then there is at least a couple of elementary particles, one part of the first and one part of the second, interacting according to one of the fundamental interactions through virtual particles. This kind of connection is space-like (i.e. interconnecting force carrier particle is offshelf). Contacts between two entities exclude the possibility of other causal relations that are not included in a fundamental space-like interaction. An interaction that is the sum of direct causality relations between two entities that are interpretable as fundamental physical interactions. Spatial contact is symmetric and irreflexive. The contact relation is not an ordering relation since is symmetric. isAfter isTemporallyAfter isAfter isCausedBy isCausedBy A part is always distinct xor redundant. The superproperty of the all object property relations between a whole and its mereological parts of the same type. RP(x, y) ≡ PP(x, y) ∧ ∃φ(φ(x) ∧ φ(y)) hasRedundantPart A volume of water has redundand parts other volumes of water. All this volumes have holistic parts some water molecules. hasRedundantPart RP(x, y) ≡ PP(x, y) ∧ ∃φ(φ(x) ∧ φ(y)) The superproperty of the all object property relations between a whole and its mereological parts of the same type. A part is always distinct xor redundant. The proper part relation has the following pair-covering sub-relations: - hasMembers xor hasPiece - hasPortionPart xor hasGatheredPart . hasItemPart xor hasScatteredPart The relation between an entity and one of its parts, when both entities are distinct. hasProperPart hasProperPart The relation between an entity and one of its parts, when both entities are distinct. The proper part relation has the following pair-covering sub-relations: - hasMembers xor hasPiece - hasPortionPart xor hasGatheredPart . hasItemPart xor hasScatteredPart isRedundantPartOf isRedundantPartOf hasSign hasSign The chemical symbol of an atomic element. hasChemicalSymbol hasChemicalSymbol The chemical symbol of an atomic element. The generic EMMO semiotical relation. semiotical semiotical The generic EMMO semiotical relation. The superclass for all relations used by the EMMO. EMMORelation EMMORelation The superclass for all relations used by the EMMO. Direct parthood is the non transitive version of parthood enabling the establishment of hierarchy of granularities, starting with an entity and providing several granularity levels of parthood. The non-transitive version of proper parthood property. hasDirectPart hasImmediatePart hasDirectPart Direct parthood is the non transitive version of parthood enabling the establishment of hierarchy of granularities, starting with an entity and providing several granularity levels of parthood. The non-transitive version of proper parthood property. isDirectPartOf isDirectPartOf A relation between the whole and one of its tiles, where the tile is only spatially connected with the other tiles forming the tessellation. hasSpatialTile hasSpatialDirectPart hasSpatialTile A relation between the whole and one of its tiles, where the tile is only spatially connected with the other tiles forming the tessellation. indirectlyCausedBy hasIndirectCause indirectlyCausedBy A causal relation between the effected and the causing entities with intermediaries. An indirect cause is a relation between two entities that is mediated by a intermediate entity. In other words, there are no quantum parts of the causing entity that are direct cause of quantum parts of the caused entity. indirectlyCauses influences isIndirectCauseOf indirectlyCauses An indirect cause is a relation between two entities that is mediated by a intermediate entity. In other words, there are no quantum parts of the causing entity that are direct cause of quantum parts of the caused entity. A causal relation between the effected and the causing entities with intermediaries. A relation connecting a sign to the interpreter in a semiotic process. isInterpretedBy isInterpretedBy A relation connecting a sign to the interpreter in a semiotic process. The relation between a collection and one of its item members. hasSingleMember hasMember hasSingleMember The relation between a collection and one of its item members. A maximal part is a proper part that is not connected with the rest of the whole. A proper part which is not connected with the rest of the whole. The relation between individuals representing a collection and one or more of its members. hasMember hasMaximalPart hasMember A proper part which is not connected with the rest of the whole. The relation between individuals representing a collection and one or more of its members. A maximal part is a proper part that is not connected with the rest of the whole. A sub collection relation where the proper part is fully encompasses some of the members of the collection. hasMultipleMembers hasMultipleMembers A sub collection relation where the proper part is fully encompasses some of the members of the collection. A semiotic relation that connects a declared semiotic object to a conventional sign in a declaration process. hasConvention hasConvention A semiotic relation that connects a declared semiotic object to a conventional sign in a declaration process. A relation that connects the semiotic object to the sign in a semiotic process. isRepresentedBy isRepresentedBy A relation that connects the semiotic object to the sign in a semiotic process. The relation between individuals representing non-overlapping entities (i.e. that have no parts in common). Dxy ≡ ¬Oxy. notOverlaps disjointWith notOverlaps Dxy ≡ ¬Oxy. The relation between individuals representing non-overlapping entities (i.e. that have no parts in common). The relation between two individuals representing entities that share at least one of their parts. Oxy ≡ ∃z(Pzx ∧ Pzy) overlaps overlaps Oxy ≡ ∃z(Pzx ∧ Pzy) The relation between two individuals representing entities that share at least one of their parts. A semiotic relation that connects a description to a declared semiotic objec in a declaration process. isDescriptionFor isDescriptionFor A semiotic relation that connects a description to a declared semiotic objec in a declaration process. isConventionFor isConventionFor A conventional semiotic relation that relates a physical quantity to its unit. hasMeasurementUnit Length hasUnit only LengthUnit hasMeasurementUnit A relation that connects the interpreter to the semiotic object in a semiotic process. providesInterpretation providesInterpretation A relation that connects the interpreter to the semiotic object in a semiotic process. A tile that is connected with other tiles with bi-directional causal relations that fall under hasNext (or its inverse) or hasContact. This owl:ObjectProperty is, like its super property, a mere collector of direct parthoods that manifest a spatiotemporal meaningful shape. hasSpatioTemporalTile hasWellFormedTile hasSpatioTemporalTile A tile that is connected with other tiles with bi-directional causal relations that fall under hasNext (or its inverse) or hasContact. This owl:ObjectProperty is, like its super property, a mere collector of direct parthoods that manifest a spatiotemporal meaningful shape. directlyCausedBye hasDirectCause directlyCausedBye A relation jointly covered by Contact and InteractWith relations, which are mutually exclusive. Spatial relations between entities are represented in the EMMO as bidirectional causality, meaning that both entities are at the beginning and at the end of causal paths connecting them. This type of relation represent the coexistence of two entities in the a spatial arrangement. The symmetric characteristic of this relation implies that it is not possible to order them and is related to the arbitrary choice of reference frames. Subclasses of spatial relations may be defined as asymmetric and introduce a spatial order, for example est to west, or internal to external layer.. The relation between entities that express a mutual causation. coexistsWith isSpatiallyRelatedWith coexistsWith Spatial relations between entities are represented in the EMMO as bidirectional causality, meaning that both entities are at the beginning and at the end of causal paths connecting them. This type of relation represent the coexistence of two entities in the a spatial arrangement. The symmetric characteristic of this relation implies that it is not possible to order them and is related to the arbitrary choice of reference frames. Subclasses of spatial relations may be defined as asymmetric and introduce a spatial order, for example est to west, or internal to external layer.. A relation jointly covered by Contact and InteractWith relations, which are mutually exclusive. The relation between entities that express a mutual causation. A relation between an entity that causally affects another. Each pair of causally connected entities is either in isDirectCauseOf or isIndirectCauseOf relation. The two are mutually exclusive. We say that an entity causes another if there is a quantum part of the first that is in causal relation with a quantum parts of the second. More formally, causality is defined as a relation between individuals x and y that holds if and only if: a) x having a part that is causing an effect on a part of y b) x and y are non-overlapping An entity cannot cause itself or a part of itself. For this reasons causality between entities excludes reflexivity and prevents them to overlap. The existence of one-directional of bi-directional causality relations between two entities is what reconstruct time-like and space-like relations, respectively. isCauseOf causes John yesterday is the cause of John today, is an example of temporal-like causality. The desk supporting my laptop is a space-like causality. isCauseOf We say that an entity causes another if there is a quantum part of the first that is in causal relation with a quantum parts of the second. More formally, causality is defined as a relation between individuals x and y that holds if and only if: a) x having a part that is causing an effect on a part of y b) x and y are non-overlapping An entity cannot cause itself or a part of itself. For this reasons causality between entities excludes reflexivity and prevents them to overlap. The existence of one-directional of bi-directional causality relations between two entities is what reconstruct time-like and space-like relations, respectively. A relation between an entity that causally affects another. Each pair of causally connected entities is either in isDirectCauseOf or isIndirectCauseOf relation. The two are mutually exclusive. The OWL 2 DL version of the EMMO introduces this object property as primitive causal relation. It refers to the macro causality relation mC(x,y), defined in the EMMO FOL version. While the EMMO FOL introduces the quantum causality relation C(x,y) as primitive, the OWL 2 DL version of the EMMO substantially simplifies the theory, neglecting these lower level relations that are well above DL expressivity. For this reason the EMMO OWL 2 DL will only deal with macro causality relations, sacrificing the full FOL theory expressivity for the sake of simplicity. The cause relation applies to both quantums and macro-entities (entities made of more than one quantum). It is admissible for two entities to be one the cause of the other, excepts when they are both quantums. A semiotic relation connecting a deducing interpreter to the "deduced" semiotic object in a deduction process. hasDeduced hasDeduced A semiotic relation connecting a deducing interpreter to the "deduced" semiotic object in a deduction process. isDeducedBy isDeducedBy A causal relation between the y effected and the x causing entities with intermediaries, where x isCauseOf y and not(y isCauseOf x). Transitivity is implemented at A-Box level with a SWRL rule. foreruns hasSuccessor isAntecedentOf predecessorOf My life between 18-24 years has successor my life between 32-40 years, since there is an intermediary (i.e. my life between 25-32 years). foreruns A causal relation between the y effected and the x causing entities with intermediaries, where x isCauseOf y and not(y isCauseOf x). Transitivity is implemented at A-Box level with a SWRL rule. hasReferent hasReferent Relates a dataset to its datum. hasDatum hasDatum Relates a dataset to its datum. A part of an item is always non-maximal, meaning that is causally connected with the rest. A proper part relation with domain restricted to items. hasPortionPart hasPortionPart A proper part relation with domain restricted to items. A part of an item is always non-maximal, meaning that is causally connected with the rest. Assigns a quantity to an object by convention. An object can be represented by a quantity for the fact that it has been recognized to belong to a specific class. The quantity is selected without an observation aimed to measure its actual value, but by convention. hasConventionalProperty An Hydrogen atom has the quantity atomic number Z = 1 as its conventional property. hasConventionalProperty Assigns a quantity to an object by convention. Relates an object to a quantity describing a quantifiable property of the object obtained via a well-defined procedure. hasObjectiveProperty hasObjectiveProperty partakesIn partakesIn The relation between two entities that overlaps and neither of both is part of the other. properOverlaps properOverlaps The relation between two entities that overlaps and neither of both is part of the other. Causality in the EMMO is intended as physical causation and not counter-factual. Meaning that causality is an expression of actual physical interactions, and not of a counterfactual depence such as “I didn't water the flowers, hence, I'm the cause of their death”. Causality is the fundamental concept describing how entities affect each other, and conceptually precedes time and space relations. In the EMMO causality is the foundation for space and time relations. Embracing a strong reductionistic view, causality originates at quantum entities level, meaning that causal relations between macroscopic entities is simply the sum of quantum level causality relations. The superclass of all causal EMMO relations. causal causal Causality is the fundamental concept describing how entities affect each other, and conceptually precedes time and space relations. In the EMMO causality is the foundation for space and time relations. Embracing a strong reductionistic view, causality originates at quantum entities level, meaning that causal relations between macroscopic entities is simply the sum of quantum level causality relations. The superclass of all causal EMMO relations. Causality in the EMMO is intended as physical causation and not counter-factual. Meaning that causality is an expression of actual physical interactions, and not of a counterfactual depence such as “I didn't water the flowers, hence, I'm the cause of their death”. Each pair of entities is either in isCauseOf or isNotCauseOf relation. The two are mutually exclusive. isInterpretantFor isInterpretantFor semioticOvercrossedBy semioticOvercrossedBy successorOf isAncestorOf successorOf A semiotic relation that connects a recognised semiotic object to an icon in a cognition process. hasIcon hasIcon A semiotic relation that connects a recognised semiotic object to an icon in a cognition process. isIconFor isIconFor A relation that connects a semiotic object to the interpretant in a semiotic process. hasInterpretant hasInterpretant A relation that connects a semiotic object to the interpretant in a semiotic process. The relation between a process P that proper overlaps an object O, where the non overlapping part of P is cause of O. disappearsInto disappearsInto The relation between a process P that proper overlaps an object O, where the non overlapping part of P is cause of O. The relation between a process P that proper overlaps an object O. affects affects The relation between a process P that proper overlaps an object O. Assigns a quantity to an object via a well-defined modelling procedure. hasModelledProperty hasModelledProperty Assigns a quantity to an object via a well-defined modelling procedure. The relation grouping all direct parthood relations used in the reductionistic perspective. This relation is not antitransitive, to enable partitioning of a causal structure with more than one tiling scheme (e.g. time and space partitioning). Tiling parthood enables the establishment of hierarchy of granularities, starting with an entity and providing several tessellation levels according to specific criteria. The criteria are implemented in specialised versions of the tiling parthood relation (e.g., metrological direct part, XML format direct part). The tiles and the tessellated entity (tessellation) are causally self connected (i.e., items), coherently with the concept behind the definition of the reductionistic perspective. The tiles of specific granularity level provide a covering for the whole and are mutually non-overlapping, as the label "tile" suggests. hasTile hasDirectPart hasTile Tiling parthood enables the establishment of hierarchy of granularities, starting with an entity and providing several tessellation levels according to specific criteria. The criteria are implemented in specialised versions of the tiling parthood relation (e.g., metrological direct part, XML format direct part). The tiles and the tessellated entity (tessellation) are causally self connected (i.e., items), coherently with the concept behind the definition of the reductionistic perspective. The tiles of specific granularity level provide a covering for the whole and are mutually non-overlapping, as the label "tile" suggests. The relation grouping all direct parthood relations used in the reductionistic perspective. This relation is not antitransitive, to enable partitioning of a causal structure with more than one tiling scheme (e.g. time and space partitioning). This relation is a simple collector of all relations inverse functional direct parthoods that can be defined in specialised theories using reductionism. All other mereology relations can be defined in FOL using hasPart as primitive. The primitive relation that express the concept of an entity being part of another one. hasPart hasPart The primitive relation that express the concept of an entity being part of another one. All other mereology relations can be defined in FOL using hasPart as primitive. standsFor standsFor The relation between an object O1 and a object O2 that proper overlap, where the non overapping part of O2 is caused by O1. isRemovedFrom isRemovedFrom The relation between an object O1 and a object O2 that proper overlap, where the non overapping part of O2 is caused by O1. Reflexivity: Pxx Transitivity: (Pxy ∧ Pyz) → Pxz Antisymmetry: (Pxy ∧ Pyx) → x=y. The inverse relation of hasPart. isPartOf isPartOf Reflexivity: Pxx Transitivity: (Pxy ∧ Pyz) → Pxz Antisymmetry: (Pxy ∧ Pyx) → x=y. The inverse relation of hasPart. isProcessedTo isProcessedTo The relation between a process P1 that proper overlaps a process P2. contributesTo contributesTo The relation between a process P1 that proper overlaps a process P2. PP(x, y) ≡ P(x, y) ∧ ¬x=y The inverse relation for hasProperPart. isProperPartOf isProperPartOf PP(x, y) ≡ P(x, y) ∧ ¬x=y The inverse relation for hasProperPart. Relates a prefixed unit to its metric prefix part. hasMetricPrefix hasMetricPrefix Relates a quantity to its metrological reference through a semiotic process. hasMetrologicalReference In EMMO version 1.0.0-rc3, physical quantities used the hasMetrologicalReference object property to relate them to their units via physical dimensionality. This was simplified in 1.0.0-alpha3 in order to make reasoning faster. The restriction (e.g. for the physical quantity Length) Length hasMetrologicalReference only (hasPhysicsDimension only LengthDimension) was in 1.0.0-alpha3 changed to Length hasPhysicsDimension some LengthDimension Likewise were the universal restrictions on the corresponding unit changed to excistential. E.g. Metre hasPhysicsDimension only LengthDimension was changed to Metre hasPhysicsDimension some LengthDimension The label of this class was also changed from PhysicsDimension to PhysicalDimension. hasMetrologicalReference hasIterativeTask hasIterativeTask The holistic relation connecting a workflow with one of its tasks. hasTask hasTask The holistic relation connecting a workflow with one of its tasks. A proper part of a whole, whose parts always cover the full temporal extension of the whole within a spatial interval. In EMMO FOL this is a defined property. In OWL temporal relations are primitive. hasSpatialPart hasSpatialPart A proper part of a whole, whose parts always cover the full temporal extension of the whole within a spatial interval. In EMMO FOL this is a defined property. In OWL temporal relations are primitive. The part is connected with the rest item or members with hasContact relations only (no hasNext). The outcome of a process. hasOutput hasOutput The outcome of a process. Relates a prefixed unit to its non-prefixed part. hasUnitNonPrefixPart For example the unit CentiNewtonMetre has prefix "Centi" and non-prefix part "NewtonMetre". hasUnitNonPrefixPart Relates a prefixed unit to its non-prefixed part. isDeclarerFor isDeclarerFor interprets interprets A semiotic relation connecting a conventional sign to the interpreter (declarer) in a declaration process. hasDeclarer hasDeclarer A semiotic relation connecting a conventional sign to the interpreter (declarer) in a declaration process. hasStatus hasStatus A relation that identify a proper item part of the whole, whose parts always cover the full spatial extension of the whole within a time interval. A temporal part of an item cannot both cause and be caused by any other proper part of the item. A temporal part is not constraint to be causally self-connected, i.e. it can be either an item or a collection. We therefore introduce two subproperties in order to distinguish between both cases. hasTemporalPart hasTemporalPart A relation that identify a proper item part of the whole, whose parts always cover the full spatial extension of the whole within a time interval. A temporal part of an item cannot both cause and be caused by any other proper part of the item. A temporal part is not constraint to be causally self-connected, i.e. it can be either an item or a collection. We therefore introduce two subproperties in order to distinguish between both cases. In EMMO FOL this is a defined property. In OWL temporal relations are primitive. The inverse relation for overcrosses. isOvercrossedBy isOvercrossedBy The inverse relation for overcrosses. A semiotic relation that connects a declared semiotic object to a description in a declaration process. hasDescription hasDescription A semiotic relation that connects a declared semiotic object to a description in a declaration process. hasQualifiedRole hasQualifiedPart hasQualifiedRole A part is always distinct xor redundant. The superproperty of all object property relations between an entity and one of its proper parts that belongs to different taxonomical branch. DP(x, y) ≡ PP(x, y) ∧ ∃φ[φ(x) ↔ ¬φ(y)] hasDistinctPart A molecule is a distinct part of a fluid. hasDistinctPart DP(x, y) ≡ PP(x, y) ∧ ∃φ[φ(x) ↔ ¬φ(y)] The superproperty of all object property relations between an entity and one of its proper parts that belongs to different taxonomical branch. A part is always distinct xor redundant. hasComponent hasComponent The relation between an object and one of its holistic part that contributes to the object under some spatial-based criteria. hasConstituent hasConstituent The relation between an object and one of its holistic part that contributes to the object under some spatial-based criteria. The relation within a process and an agengt participant. hasAgent hasAgent The relation within a process and an agengt participant. The relation between the whole and a proper part of the whole that scale down to the point which it lose the characteristics of the whole and become something else. hasRole hasHolisticPart An holistic part of water fluid is a water molecule. hasRole The relation between the whole and a proper part of the whole that scale down to the point which it lose the characteristics of the whole and become something else. Participation is a parthood relation: you must be part of the process to contribute to it. A participant whose 4D extension is totally contained within the process. Participation is not under direct parthood since a process is not strictly related to reductionism, but it's a way to categorise temporal regions by the interpreters. The relation between a process and an object participating to it, i.e. that is relevant to the process itself. hasParticipant hasParticipant The relation between a process and an object participating to it, i.e. that is relevant to the process itself. The part is connected with the rest item or members with a combination of hasNext (or its inverse) or hasContact relations. hasNonTemporalPart hasNonTemporalPart The part is connected with the rest item or members with a combination of hasNext (or its inverse) or hasContact relations. A relation between the whole and one of its tiles, where the tile is both spatially and temporally connected with the other tiles forming the tessellation. hasJunctionTile hasJunctionTile A relation between the whole and one of its tiles, where the tile is both spatially and temporally connected with the other tiles forming the tessellation. The relation between a process P that proper overlaps an object O , where the non overapping part of P is caused by O. emergesFrom emergesFrom The relation between a process P that proper overlaps an object O , where the non overapping part of P is caused by O. isInternalRepresentationBy isInternalRepresentationBy The relation between the interpreter and the interpretant, being its internal representation. hasInternalRepresentation hasInternalRepresentation The relation between the interpreter and the interpretant, being its internal representation. Relates a quantity to its reference unit through spatial direct parthood. hasReferencePart hasReferencePart Relates a quantity to its reference unit through spatial direct parthood. The relation between the whole and a temporal tile that has only outgoing temporal connections. hasBeginTile hasTemporalFirst hasBeginTile The relation between the whole and a temporal tile that has only outgoing temporal connections. A relation that establishes for the whole a univocal tessellation in temporal parts forming the tessellation. hasTemporalTile hasTemporalDirectPart hasTemporalTile A relation that establishes for the whole a univocal tessellation in temporal parts forming the tessellation. The relation identifying the tasks of a workflow that are not causally temporally dependent by other parts of the workflow. hasBeginTask hasBeginTask The relation identifying the tasks of a workflow that are not causally temporally dependent by other parts of the workflow. hasTaskTile hasTaskTile A semiotic relation that connects a semiotic object to a property in a declaration process. hasProperty hasProperty A semiotic relation that connects a semiotic object to a property in a declaration process. The relation between a process P and an object O that partially overlaps and the intersection between P and O is a participant of P. participatesTo participatesTo The relation between a process P and an object O that partially overlaps and the intersection between P and O is a participant of P. The relation between an object O1 and a object O2 that proper overlap, and the overlapping part of O1 is: a) next of the non overlapping part and b) a constituent of O2. isAddedTo isAddedTo The relation between an object O1 and a object O2 that proper overlap, and the overlapping part of O1 is: a) next of the non overlapping part and b) a constituent of O2. The superproperties for overcrossing relations between semiotic entities. semioticOvercrosses semioticOvercrosses The superproperties for overcrossing relations between semiotic entities. hasManufacturedOutput hasManufacturedOutput hasProductOutput hasProductOutput hasVariable hasVariable A non-maximal part is a proper part that is connected with the rest of the whole. The relation between two individuals representing an entity and a non-maximal proper part, meaning the the latter is connected with the rest of the whole. hasPiece hasNotMaximalPart hasPiece The relation between two individuals representing an entity and a non-maximal proper part, meaning the the latter is connected with the rest of the whole. A non-maximal part is a proper part that is connected with the rest of the whole. isSignificationFor isSignificationFor The relation between the whole and a temporal tile that has only ingoing temporal connections. hasEndTile hasTemporalLast hasEndTile The relation between the whole and a temporal tile that has only ingoing temporal connections. The EMMO adheres to Atomistic General Extensional Mereology (AGEM). The superclass of all mereological EMMO relations. mereological mereological The superclass of all mereological EMMO relations. The EMMO adheres to Atomistic General Extensional Mereology (AGEM). isReferentFor isReferentFor The input of a process. hasInput hasInput The input of a process. Relates a quantity to its numerical value through spatial direct parthood. hasNumericalPart hasNumericalPart hasBehaviour hasBehaviour Assigns a quantifiable uncertainty to an objective property through a well-defined procecure. Since measurement uncertainty is a subclass of objective property, this relation can also describe the uncertainty of an measurement uncertainty. hasMetrologicalUncertainty hasMetrologicalUncertainty Assigns a quantifiable uncertainty to an objective property through a well-defined procecure. Since measurement uncertainty is a subclass of objective property, this relation can also describe the uncertainty of an measurement uncertainty. The relation between an object O that proper overlaps a process P, where the non overapping part of P is caused by O. isObjectInputOf isObjectInputOf The relation between an object O that proper overlaps a process P, where the non overapping part of P is caused by O. The relation between an entity X that proper overlaps a process P, where the non overapping part of P is caused by X. isInputOf isInputOf The relation between an entity X that proper overlaps a process P, where the non overapping part of P is caused by X. The relation identifying the tasks of a workflow that are not a temporal cause of other parts of the workflow. hasEndTask hasEndTask The relation identifying the tasks of a workflow that are not a temporal cause of other parts of the workflow. hasInterpreter hasInterpreter The relation between two causally reachable entities through a path of contacts relations (i.e. representing physical interactions). alongsideWith coexistsWith concurrentWith interactsWith I'm interacting with another tennis player through a ball. Or, two people in a webconference are interacting using a mediator which is the network signal. alongsideWith The relation between two causally reachable entities through a path of contacts relations (i.e. representing physical interactions). A semiotic relation connecting an icon to a interpreter (cogniser) in a cognition process. hasCogniser hasCogniser A semiotic relation connecting an icon to a interpreter (cogniser) in a cognition process. isCogniserFor isCogniserFor isFragmentOf isFragmentOf isPieceOf isPieceOf Relates the result of a semiotic process to ont of its optained quantities. hasQuantity hasQuantity Relates the result of a semiotic process to ont of its optained quantities. isReferredBy isReferredBy hasServiceOutput hasServiceOutput x isNotCauseOf y iff not(x isCauseOf y) isNotCauseOf isNotCauseOf x isNotCauseOf y iff not(x isCauseOf y) isNotCausedBy isNotCausedBy isSignFor isSignFor The relation between an entity that overlaps another without being its part. OX(x, y) ≡ O(x, y) ∧ ¬P(x,y) overcrosses overcrosses OX(x, y) ≡ O(x, y) ∧ ¬P(x,y) The relation between an entity that overlaps another without being its part. isPortionPartOf isPortionPartOf A semiotic relation connecting an index sign to the interpreter (deducer) in a deduction process. hasDeducer hasDeducer A semiotic relation connecting an index sign to the interpreter (deducer) in a deduction process. isDeducerFor isDeducerFor The relation between a object whole and its spatial part of the same type. hasPortion A volume of 1 cc of milk within a 1 litre can be considered still milk as a whole. If you scale down to a cluster of molecules, than the milk cannot be considered a fluid no more (and then no more a milk). hasPortion The relation between a object whole and its spatial part of the same type. Relates a resource to its identifier. hasResourceIdentifier hasResourceIdentifier Relates a resource to its identifier. isSignifiedBy isSignifiedBy hasCharacteriser hasCharacteriser hasCharacterised hasCharacterised A semiotic relation connecting a declaring interpreter to the "declared" semiotic object in a declaration process. hasDeclared hasDeclared A semiotic relation connecting a declaring interpreter to the "declared" semiotic object in a declaration process. The part is connected with the rest item or members with both hasNext (or its inverse) and hasContact relations. hasJunctionPart hasSpatioTemporalPart hasJunctionPart The part is connected with the rest item or members with both hasNext (or its inverse) and hasContact relations. isInterpretationAccordingTo isInterpretationAccordingTo isDeclaredBy isDeclaredBy isMemberOf isMemberOf isPropertyFor isPropertyFor The relation between a process P1 that proper overlaps a process P2, where the non overlapping part of P1 is causing P2. isProcessInputOf isProcessInputOf The relation between a process P1 that proper overlaps a process P2, where the non overlapping part of P1 is causing P2. hasStage hasStage IsIndexFor IsIndexFor A semiotic relation that connects a deduced semiotic object to an index in a deduction process. hasIndex hasIndex A semiotic relation that connects a deduced semiotic object to an index in a deduction process. The relation between a process whole and a temporal part of the same type. hasInterval hasInterval The relation between a process whole and a temporal part of the same type. The relation between two individuals representing a collection and a non-maximal proper part, meaning the the latter is connected with the rest of the whole. hasFragment hasFragment The relation between two individuals representing a collection and a non-maximal proper part, meaning the the latter is connected with the rest of the whole. refersTo refersTo hasConstitutiveProcess hasConstitutiveProcess The relation between a process and one of its process parts. hasSubProcess hasSubProcess The relation between a process and one of its process parts. A semiotic relation connecting a recogniting interpreter to the "cognised" semiotic object in a cognition process. hasCognised hasCognised A semiotic relation connecting a recogniting interpreter to the "cognised" semiotic object in a cognition process. isCognisedBy isCognisedBy isOutputOf isOutputOf isInterpreterFor isInterpreterFor hasSerialTask hasSerialTask isDistinctPartOf isDistinctPartOf isObjectOutputOf isObjectOutputOf Equality is here defined following a mereological approach. The relation between two individuals representing the same entity. equalsTo equalsTo The relation between two individuals representing the same entity. Equality is here defined following a mereological approach. The relation between a process P1 that proper overlaps a process P2, where the non overlapping part of P1 is caused by P2. isProcessOutputOf isProcessOutputOf The relation between a process P1 that proper overlaps a process P2, where the non overlapping part of P1 is caused by P2. hasModel hasModel hasSubObject hasSubObject Assigns a quantity to an object via a well-defined measurement procedure. hasMeasuredProperty hasMeasuredProperty Assigns a quantity to an object via a well-defined measurement procedure. Conversion formula: nonsi_coherent_unit = si_coherent_unit * multiplier + offset Number to add to a SI coherent unit when converting to a given non-SI coherent unit. hasSIConversionOffset hasSIConversionOffset Number to add to a SI coherent unit when converting to a given non-SI coherent unit. Conversion formula: nonsi_coherent_unit = si_coherent_unit * multiplier + offset The owl:dataProperty that provides a serialisation of an EMMO data entity. This is the superproperty of all data properties used to serialise a fundamental data type in the EMMO Data perspective. An entity can have only one data value expressing its serialisation (e.g. a Real entity cannot have two different real values). hasDataValue hasDataValue The owl:dataProperty that provides a serialisation of an EMMO data entity. This is the superproperty of all data properties used to serialise a fundamental data type in the EMMO Data perspective. An entity can have only one data value expressing its serialisation (e.g. a Real entity cannot have two different real values). Conversion formula: nonsi_coherent_unit = si_coherent_unit * multiplier + offset Number to multiply a SI coherent unit with when converting to a given non-SI coherent unit. hasSIConversionMultiplier hasSIConversionMultiplier Number to multiply a SI coherent unit with when converting to a given non-SI coherent unit. Conversion formula: nonsi_coherent_unit = si_coherent_unit * multiplier + offset Relates a SI prefixed unit to the multiplication factor corresponding to the prefix. hasPrefixMultiplier hasPrefixMultiplier Relates a SI prefixed unit to the multiplication factor corresponding to the prefix. Relates a SI dimensional unit to a dimension string. hasDimensionString hasDimensionString Relates a SI dimensional unit to a dimension string. The owl:dataProperty that provides a serialisation of an EMMO numerical data entity. hasNumberValue hasNumberValue The owl:dataProperty that provides a serialisation of an EMMO numerical data entity. The atomic number of an atomic element. This is a convenient shortcut for the conventional declaration process of assigning an atomic number to an atom subclass. hasAtomicNumber hasAtomicNumber The atomic number of an atomic element. The mass of an atomic element according to IUPAC 2016. This is a convenient shortcut for the measurement process process of the atomic mass reported by IUPAC2016. hasIUPAC2016AtomicMass hasIUPAC2016AtomicMass The mass of an atomic element according to IUPAC 2016. unitSymbolValue unitSymbolValue The owl:dataProperty that provides a serialisation of an EMMO symbol data entity. hasSymbolValue hasSymbolValue The owl:dataProperty that provides a serialisation of an EMMO symbol data entity. The owl:dataProperty that provides a serialisation of an EMMO string data entity. hasStringValue hasStringValue The owl:dataProperty that provides a serialisation of an EMMO string data entity. chemicalSymbolValue chemicalSymbolValue Relates a SI prefixed unit to the prefix symbol. hasPrefixSymbol true hasPrefixSymbol Relates a SI prefixed unit to the prefix symbol. mathematicalSymbolValue mathematicalSymbolValue Relates an individual to an ORCID that identifies the individual. The domain is not provided to not impose restrictions on the individual carrying the ORCID. Typically it will be a person (maximal) or a temporal part of a person. hasORCID hasORCID hasURLValue hasURLValue hasURIValue hasURIValue hasURNValue hasURNValue Relates a physical quantity to its value specified as a string consisting of a numerical, a separator and a unit. Using hasSIQuantityValue is a convenient, but less semantic, alternative to specify value and unit of a physical quantity compared to using the 'hasNumericalPart' and 'hasReferencePart'/'hasMetrologicalReference' relations. The unit should be a valid, possible prefixed, derived SI unit. hasSIQuantityValue Example showing how to specify the value of a physical quantity in turtle using hasSIQuantityValue: height1 a emmo:Height ; hasSIQuantityValue "3 cm"^^emmo:SIQuantityDatatype . hasSIQuantityValue Relates a physical quantity to its value specified as a string consisting of a numerical, a separator and a unit. Using hasSIQuantityValue is a convenient, but less semantic, alternative to specify value and unit of a physical quantity compared to using the 'hasNumericalPart' and 'hasReferencePart'/'hasMetrologicalReference' relations. The unit should be a valid, possible prefixed, derived SI unit. URL for the entry in the International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV). IEVReference https://www.electropedia.org/ IEVReference URL for the entry in the International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV). A definition univocally determines a OWL entity using necessary and sufficient conditions referring to other OWL entities. Precise and univocal description of an ontological entity in the framework of an axiomatic system. definition definition Precise and univocal description of an ontological entity in the framework of an axiomatic system. A definition univocally determines a OWL entity using necessary and sufficient conditions referring to other OWL entities. A link to a graphical representation aimed to facilitate understanding of the concept, or of an annotation. illustration illustration A link to a graphical representation aimed to facilitate understanding of the concept, or of an annotation. The UN/CEFACT Recommendation 20 provides three character alphabetic and alphanumeric codes for representing units of measurement for length, area, volume/capacity, mass (weight), time, and other quantities used in international trade. The codes are intended for use in manual and/or automated systems for the exchange of information between participants in international trade. uneceCommonCode uneceCommonCode The UN/CEFACT Recommendation 20 provides three character alphabetic and alphanumeric codes for representing units of measurement for length, area, volume/capacity, mass (weight), time, and other quantities used in international trade. The codes are intended for use in manual and/or automated systems for the exchange of information between participants in international trade. metrologicalReference metrologicalReference A comment can be addressed to facilitate interpretation, to suggest possible usage, to clarify the concepts behind each entity with respect to other ontological apporaches. A text that add some information about the entity. comment comment A text that add some information about the entity. A comment can be addressed to facilitate interpretation, to suggest possible usage, to clarify the concepts behind each entity with respect to other ontological apporaches. A conceptualisation is the preliminary step behind each theory, preceding each logical formalisation. The readers approaching an ontology entity should first read the conceptualisation annotation to clearly understand "what we are talking about" and the accompanying terminology, and then read the elucidation. The conceptualisation annotation is a comment that helps the reader to understand how the world has been conceptualised by the ontology authors. conceptualisation conceptualisation The conceptualisation annotation is a comment that helps the reader to understand how the world has been conceptualised by the ontology authors. A conceptualisation is the preliminary step behind each theory, preceding each logical formalisation. The readers approaching an ontology entity should first read the conceptualisation annotation to clearly understand "what we are talking about" and the accompanying terminology, and then read the elucidation. An elucidation can provide references to external knowledge sources (i.e. ISO, Goldbook, RoMM). A person or organisation acting as a contact point for enquiries about the ontology resource The annotation should include an email address. contact contact A person or organisation acting as a contact point for enquiries about the ontology resource The annotation should include an email address. Definitions are usually taken from Wiktionary. The etymology annotation explains the origin of a word and the historical development of its meaning. etymology etymology The etymology annotation explains the origin of a word and the historical development of its meaning. Definitions are usually taken from Wiktionary. The etymology annotation is usually applied to rdfs:label entities, to better understand the connection between a label and the concept it concisely represents. An elucidation should address the real world entities using the concepts introduced by the conceptualisation annotation. Short enlightening explanation aimed to facilitate the user in drawing the connection (interpretation) between a OWL entity and the real world object(s) for which it stands. elucidation elucidation Short enlightening explanation aimed to facilitate the user in drawing the connection (interpretation) between a OWL entity and the real world object(s) for which it stands. An elucidation should address the real world entities using the concepts introduced by the conceptualisation annotation. Corresponding item number in ISO 80 000. ISO80000Reference https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:80000:-1:ed-1:v1:en 3-1.1 (ISO80000 reference to length) ISO80000Reference Corresponding item number in ISO 80 000. OpenSMILE representation of a molecular structure. OpenSMILES is an open specification of the SMILE language for specifying molecular structures, which has become a defacto standard for exchange of molecular structures. smileReference http://opensmiles.org/opensmiles.html smileReference OpenSMILE representation of a molecular structure. OpenSMILES is an open specification of the SMILE language for specifying molecular structures, which has become a defacto standard for exchange of molecular structures. URL corresponding to entry in Wikidata. wikidataReference https://www.wikidata.org/ wikidataReference URL corresponding to entry in Wikidata. URL to corresponding Wikipedia entry. wikipediaReference https://www.wikipedia.org/ wikipediaReference URL to corresponding Wikipedia entry. Will be removed with 1.0.0 release due to duplicated scope of emmo:example with respect to skos:example true The Unified Code for Units of Measure (UCUM) is a code system intended to include all units of measures being contemporarily used in international science, engineering, and business. The purpose is to facilitate unambiguous electronic communication of quantities together with their units. Unified Code for Units of Measure (UCUM). ucumCode https://ucum.org/ ucumCode Unified Code for Units of Measure (UCUM). The Unified Code for Units of Measure (UCUM) is a code system intended to include all units of measures being contemporarily used in international science, engineering, and business. The purpose is to facilitate unambiguous electronic communication of quantities together with their units. DOI to corresponding concept in IUPAC iupacReference https://goldbook.iupac.org/ iupacReference URL to corresponing entity in QUDT. qudtReference http://www.qudt.org/2.1/catalog/qudt-catalog.html qudtReference URL to corresponing entity in QUDT. URL to corresponding dpbedia entry. dbpediaReference https://wiki.dbpedia.org/ dbpediaReference URL to corresponding dpbedia entry. The term in the International vocabulary of metrology (VIM) (JCGM 200:2008) that corresponds to the annotated term in EMMO. VIMTerm https://www.bipm.org/documents/20126/2071204/JCGM_200_2012.pdf quantity value (term in VIM that corresponds to Quantity in EMMO) VIMTerm The term in the International vocabulary of metrology (VIM) (JCGM 200:2008) that corresponds to the annotated term in EMMO. Axiom not included in the theory because of OWL 2 DL global restrictions for decidability. OWL2DLRestrictedAxiom OWL2DLRestrictedAxiom Axiom not included in the theory because of OWL 2 DL global restrictions for decidability. A hash of the full International Chemical Identifier (InChi) for a chemical substance. The InChiKey is a hash of the full InChi identifier using the SHA-256 algorithm, designed to allow for easy web searches of chemical compounds. inchiKey https://inchi.info/inchikey_overview_en.html inchiKey A hash of the full International Chemical Identifier (InChi) for a chemical substance. The InChiKey is a hash of the full InChi identifier using the SHA-256 algorithm, designed to allow for easy web searches of chemical compounds. IRI to corresponding concept in the Ontology of units of Measure. omReference https://enterpriseintegrationlab.github.io/icity/OM/doc/index-en.html https://github.com/HajoRijgersberg/OM omReference IRI to corresponding concept in the Ontology of units of Measure. Axioms to add to the OWL 2 RL version of the ontology to reach DL expressivity. OWLRL2DLAxioms OWLRL2DLAxioms Axioms to add to the OWL 2 RL version of the ontology to reach DL expressivity. A unit symbol may be a symbolic construct (e.g. km) or a symbol (e.g. m). The standard symbol for a unit. unitSymbol unitSymbol The standard symbol for a unit. A unit symbol may be a symbolic construct (e.g. km) or a symbol (e.g. m). ISO14040Reference ISO14040Reference ISO9000Reference ISO9000Reference A semiosis where the interpreter perceives a sign, that generates the interpretant as interpreter's internal representation, leading to potential interpretations. Understanding Understanding A semiosis where the interpreter perceives a sign, that generates the interpretant as interpreter's internal representation, leading to potential interpretations. A semiosis where the triangle of relation is not completely developed. PartialSemiosis PartialSemiosis A semiosis where the triangle of relation is not completely developed. A quantity that is obtained from a well-defined procedure. Subclasses of 'ObjectiveProperty' classify objects according to the type semiosis that is used to connect the property to the object (e.g. by measurement, by convention, by modelling). The word objective does not mean that each observation will provide the same results. It means that the observation followed a well defined procedure. This class refers to what is commonly known as physical property, i.e. a measurable property of physical system, whether is quantifiable or not. ObjectiveProperty PhysicalProperty QuantitativeProperty ObjectiveProperty A quantity that is obtained from a well-defined procedure. The word objective does not mean that each observation will provide the same results. It means that the observation followed a well defined procedure. This class refers to what is commonly known as physical property, i.e. a measurable property of physical system, whether is quantifiable or not. A coded conventional that is determined by each interpeter following a well defined determination procedure through a specific perception channel. The word objective does not mean that each observation will provide the same results. It means that the observation followed a well defined procedure. This class refers to what is commonly known as physical property, i.e. a measurable property of physical system, whether is quantifiable or not. Objective Objective A coded conventional that is determined by each interpeter following a well defined determination procedure through a specific perception channel. QuantityBySubjectivity QuantityBySubjectivity m The metre, symbol m, is the SI unit of length. It is defined by taking the fixed numerical value of the speed of light in vacuum c to be 299792458 when expressed in the unit m s−1, where the second is defined in terms of ∆νCs. Metre Meter Metre MTR http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M m http://dbpedia.org/resource/Metre The metre, symbol m, is the SI unit of length. It is defined by taking the fixed numerical value of the speed of light in vacuum c to be 299792458 when expressed in the unit m s−1, where the second is defined in terms of ∆νCs. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metre?oldid=495145797 https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.M03884 1e-12 0.0 PicoAmpere picoampere PicoAmpere http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PicoA pA pA 1e-12 Superclass for all units prefixed with "pico" (1e-12). PicoPrefixedUnit PicoPrefixedUnit Superclass for all units prefixed with "pico" (1e-12). A SI base unit or SI derived unit with a metric prefix. SIMetricPrefixedUnit SIMetricPrefixedUnit T0 L0 M0 I+1 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricCurrent'. ElectricCurrentUnit ElectricCurrentUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricCurrent'. 0.001 0.0 A milliampere is 0.001 A MilliAmpere milliampere MilliAmpere http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliA mA mA A milliampere is 0.001 A 0.001 Superclass for all units prefixed with "milli" (1e-3). MilliPrefixedUnit MilliPrefixedUnit Superclass for all units prefixed with "milli" (1e-3). 226.02541 88 Atom subclass for radium. RadiumAtom RadiumAtom Atom subclass for radium. Here is assumed that the concept of 'object' is always relative to a 'semiotic' process. An 'object' does not exists per se, but it's always part of an interpretation. The EMMO relies on strong reductionism, i.e. everything real is a formless collection of elementary particles: we give a meaning to real world entities only by giving them boundaries and defining them using 'sign'-s. In this way the 'sign'-ed entity becomes an 'object', and the 'object' is the basic entity needed in order to apply a logical formalism to the real world entities (i.e. we can speak of it through its sign, and use logics on it through its sign). The object, in Peirce semiotics, as participant to a semiotic process. Referent Object SemioticObject Referent The object, in Peirce semiotics, as participant to a semiotic process. Here is assumed that the concept of 'object' is always relative to a 'semiotic' process. An 'object' does not exists per se, but it's always part of an interpretation. The EMMO relies on strong reductionism, i.e. everything real is a formless collection of elementary particles: we give a meaning to real world entities only by giving them boundaries and defining them using 'sign'-s. In this way the 'sign'-ed entity becomes an 'object', and the 'object' is the basic entity needed in order to apply a logical formalism to the real world entities (i.e. we can speak of it through its sign, and use logics on it through its sign). A standalone atom has direct part one 'nucleus' and one 'electron_cloud'. An O 'atom' within an O₂ 'molecule' is an 'e-bonded_atom'. In this material branch, H atom is a particular case, with respect to higher atomic number atoms, since as soon as it shares its electron it has no nucleus entangled electron cloud. We cannot say that H₂ molecule has direct part two H atoms, but has direct part two H nucleus. An 'atom' is a 'nucleus' surrounded by an 'electron_cloud', i.e. a quantum system made of one or more bounded electrons. Atom ChemicalElement Atom A standalone atom has direct part one 'nucleus' and one 'electron_cloud'. An O 'atom' within an O₂ 'molecule' is an 'e-bonded_atom'. In this material branch, H atom is a particular case, with respect to higher atomic number atoms, since as soon as it shares its electron it has no nucleus entangled electron cloud. We cannot say that H₂ molecule has direct part two H atoms, but has direct part two H nucleus. An 'atom' is a 'nucleus' surrounded by an 'electron_cloud', i.e. a quantum system made of one or more bounded electrons. Examples of condition might be constant volume or constant pressure for a gas. Quantity C = dQ/dT, when the thermodynamic temperature of a system is increased by dT as a result of the addition of a amount of heat dQ, under given condition. HeatCapacity HeatCapacity https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/HeatCapacity https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179388 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-04-47 https://dbpedia.org/page/Heat_capacity 5-15 Quantity C = dQ/dT, when the thermodynamic temperature of a system is increased by dT as a result of the addition of a amount of heat dQ, under given condition. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heat_capacity https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.H02753 Derived quantities defined in the International System of Quantities (ISQ). ISQDerivedQuantity ISQDerivedQuantity Derived quantities defined in the International System of Quantities (ISQ). Quantities categorised according to ISO 80000-5. ThermodynamicalQuantity ThermodynamicalQuantity Quantities categorised according to ISO 80000-5. The ratio of the binding energy of a nucleus to the atomic mass number. BindingFraction BindingFraction https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/BindingFraction https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98058362 10-23.2 The ratio of the binding energy of a nucleus to the atomic mass number. Quantities categorised according to ISO 80000-10. AtomicAndNuclearPhysicsQuantity AtomicAndNuclearPhysicsQuantity Quantities categorised according to ISO 80000-10. A quantity to which no physical dimension is assigned and with a corresponding unit of measurement in the SI of the unit one. ISQDimensionlessQuantity ISQDimensionlessQuantity http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Dimensionless A quantity to which no physical dimension is assigned and with a corresponding unit of measurement in the SI of the unit one. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dimensionless_quantity https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.D01742 A geometrical property of an area which reflects how its points are distributed with regard to an arbitrary axis. SecondAxialMomentOfArea SecondAxialMomentOfArea https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/SecondAxialMomentOfArea https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q91405496 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-03-29 4-21.1 A geometrical property of an area which reflects how its points are distributed with regard to an arbitrary axis. Quantities categorised according to ISO 80000-4. MechanicalQuantity MechanicalQuantity Quantities categorised according to ISO 80000-4. °C Celsius, also known as centigrade, is a scale and unit of measurement for temperature. It can refer to a specific temperature on the Celsius scale as well as a unit to indicate a temperature interval, a difference between two temperatures or an uncertainty. This definition fixes the magnitude of both the degree Celsius and the kelvin as precisely 1 part in 273.16 (approximately 0.00366) of the difference between absolute zero and the triple point of water. Thus, it sets the magnitude of one degree Celsius and that of one kelvin as exactly the same. Additionally, it establishes the difference between the two scales' null points as being precisely 273.15 °C. -- QUDT Measurement unit for Celsius temperature. This unit can only be used for expressing temperature differences. DegreeCelsius DegreeCelsius CEL http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/DEG_C Cel http://dbpedia.org/resource/Celsius Measurement unit for Celsius temperature. This unit can only be used for expressing temperature differences. Celsius, also known as centigrade, is a scale and unit of measurement for temperature. It can refer to a specific temperature on the Celsius scale as well as a unit to indicate a temperature interval, a difference between two temperatures or an uncertainty. This definition fixes the magnitude of both the degree Celsius and the kelvin as precisely 1 part in 273.16 (approximately 0.00366) of the difference between absolute zero and the triple point of water. Thus, it sets the magnitude of one degree Celsius and that of one kelvin as exactly the same. Additionally, it establishes the difference between the two scales' null points as being precisely 273.15 °C. -- QUDT http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celsius?oldid=494152178 https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.D01561 T0 L0 M0 I0 Θ+1 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'Temperature'. TemperatureUnit TemperatureUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'Temperature'. The 22 derived units that are given a special name in the SI system that stands for units derived by SI base units. These units are SI coherent by definition. SISpecialUnit SISpecialUnit The 22 derived units that are given a special name in the SI system that stands for units derived by SI base units. These units are SI coherent by definition. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_System_of_Units#Derived_units A unit symbol that stands for a derived unit. Special units are semiotic shortcuts to more complex composed symbolic objects. SpecialUnit Pa stands for N/m2 J stands for N m SpecialUnit A unit symbol that stands for a derived unit. A measurement unit for a derived quantity. -- VIM Derived units are defined as products of powers of the base units corresponding to the relations defining the derived quantities in terms of the base quantities. DerivedUnit DerivedUnit Derived units are defined as products of powers of the base units corresponding to the relations defining the derived quantities in terms of the base quantities. derived unit A measurement unit for a derived quantity. -- VIM A symbol that stands for a single unit. UnitSymbol Some examples are "Pa", "m" and "J". UnitSymbol DisjointUnionOf: SpecialUnit, BaseUnit A symbol that stands for a single unit. A set of units that correspond to the base quantities in a system of units. BaseUnit BaseUnit A set of units that correspond to the base quantities in a system of units. base unit 247.07031 97 Atom subclass for berkelium. BerkeliumAtom BerkeliumAtom Atom subclass for berkelium. An aerosol composed of liquid droplets in air or another gas. LiquidAerosol LiquidAerosol An aerosol composed of liquid droplets in air or another gas. A colloid composed of fine solid particles or liquid droplets in air or another gas. Aerosol Aerosol A colloid composed of fine solid particles or liquid droplets in air or another gas. 3-dimensional array who's spatial direct parts are matrices. Array3D 3DArray Array3D 3-dimensional array who's spatial direct parts are matrices. Array subclasses with a specific shape can be constructed with cardinality restrictions. See Shape4x3Matrix as an example. Arrays are ordered mathematical objects who's elementary spatial parts are numbers. Their dimensionality is constructed with spatial direct parthood, where 1-dimensional arrays have spatial direct parts Number and n-dimensional array have spatial direct parts (n-1)-dimensional arrays. Arrays are ordered objects, since they are a subclasses of Arrangement. Array A Vector is a 1-dimensional Array with Number as spatial direct parts, a Matrix is a 2-dimensional Array with Vector as spatial direct parts, an Array3D is a 3-dimensional Array with Matrix as spatial direct parts, and so forth... Array Arrays are ordered mathematical objects who's elementary spatial parts are numbers. Their dimensionality is constructed with spatial direct parthood, where 1-dimensional arrays have spatial direct parts Number and n-dimensional array have spatial direct parts (n-1)-dimensional arrays. The superclass for all tessellations in which all tiles are connected through spatiotemporal relations hasNext or contacts. SpatioTemporalTessellation WellFormedTessellation SpatioTemporalTessellation EquivalentTo: MixedTiling or SpatialTiling or TemporalTiling The superclass for all tessellations in which all tiles are connected through spatiotemporal relations hasNext or contacts. Constant of a chemical reaction. It is the value of its reaction quotient at chemical equilibrium, a state approached by a dynamic chemical system after sufficient time has elapsed at which its composition has no measurable tendency towards further change. StandardEquilibriumConstant ThermodynamicEquilibriumConstant StandardEquilibriumConstant https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q95993378 9-32 Constant of a chemical reaction. It is the value of its reaction quotient at chemical equilibrium, a state approached by a dynamic chemical system after sufficient time has elapsed at which its composition has no measurable tendency towards further change. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.S05915 The physical dimension can change based on the stoichiometric numbers of the substances involved. for solutions, product for all substances B of concentration c_B of substance B in power of its stoichiometric number v_B: K_p = \sum_B{c_B^{v_B}}. EquilibriumConstant EquilibriumConstantConcentrationBasis EquilibriumConstant https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/EquilibriumConstant https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857809 for solutions, product for all substances B of concentration c_B of substance B in power of its stoichiometric number v_B: K_p = \sum_B{c_B^{v_B}}. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equilibrium_constant https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.E02177 Extent of a surface. Area Area http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Area 3-3 Extent of a surface. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.A00429 A quantity whose magnitude is additive for subsystems. Note that not all physical quantities can be categorised as being either intensive or extensive. For example the square root of the mass. Extensive Mass Volume Entropy Extensive A quantity whose magnitude is additive for subsystems. Quantities categorised according to ISO 80000-3. SpaceAndTimeQuantity SpaceAndTimeQuantity Quantities categorised according to ISO 80000-3. A data representing an integer number >= 0. NonNegativeIntegerData https://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#nonNegativeInteger NonNegativeIntegerData EquivalentTo: hasDataValue some xsd:nonNegativeInteger A data representing an integer number >= 0. W The symbol that stands for the tungsten atom. TungstenSymbol TungstenSymbol The symbol that stands for the tungsten atom. NCNameData NCNameData NMTOKENData NMTOKENData The IUPAC Gold Book defines the a chemical element both as: - a species of atoms; all atoms with the same number of protons in the atomic nucleus - a pure chemical substance composed of atoms with the same number of protons in the atomic nucleus This qualifies a chemical element as a name and not a matter obejct that can stand for an atom or a substance. The symbol for a specific chemical element, that can stand both for an atom or a substance. ChemicalElement http://publications.iupac.org/ci/2005/2701/ud.html ChemicalElement The symbol for a specific chemical element, that can stand both for an atom or a substance. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.C01022 LanguageData LanguageData 1.0 0.0 Coulomb Square Meter (C-m2-per-volt) is a unit in the category of Electric polarizability. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit CoulombSquareMetrePerVolt Coulomb Square Metre Per Volt CoulombSquareMetrePerVolt http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/C-M2-PER-V C.m2.V-1 C.m2/V C⋅m²/V Coulomb Square Meter (C-m2-per-volt) is a unit in the category of Electric polarizability. -- QUDT A SI derived unit whos numerical factor in front of the product of SI base units is one. This class collects all units that are products or powers of SI base or SI special units only. SICoherentDerivedUnit m/s kg/m^3 SICoherentDerivedUnit A SI derived unit whos numerical factor in front of the product of SI base units is one. T+4 L0 M-1 I+2 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'SquareCurrentQuarticTimePerMass'. SquareCurrentQuarticTimePerMassUnit SquareCurrentQuarticTimePerMassUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'SquareCurrentQuarticTimePerMass'. 1.0 0.0 'Volt per Second' is a unit of magnetic flux equaling one weber. This is the flux passing through a conducting loop and reduced to zero at a uniform rate in one second inducing an electric potential of one volt in the loop. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit VoltPerSecond http://www.thefreedictionary.com/Webers Volt per second VoltPerSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/V-PER-SEC V.s-1 V/s 'Volt per Second' is a unit of magnetic flux equaling one weber. This is the flux passing through a conducting loop and reduced to zero at a uniform rate in one second inducing an electric potential of one volt in the loop. -- QUDT T-4 L+2 M+1 I-1 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricPotentialPerTime'. ElectricPotentialPerTimeUnit ElectricPotentialPerTimeUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricPotentialPerTime'. A data representing 64-bit integer number. LongData https://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#long LongData EquivalentTo: hasDataValue some xsd:long A data representing 64-bit integer number. 1.0 0.0 "Gray per Second" is a unit for 'Absorbed Dose Rate' expressed as Gy/s. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit GrayPerSecond Gray per Second GrayPerSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/GRAY-PER-SEC Gy.s-1 Gy/s "Gray per Second" is a unit for 'Absorbed Dose Rate' expressed as Gy/s. -- QUDT T-3 L+2 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'AbsorbedDoseRate'. AbsorbedDoseRateUnit AbsorbedDoseRateUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'AbsorbedDoseRate'. 1e-12 0.0 PicoMolePerMetrePerWattPerSecond Picomoles per metre per watt per second PicoMolePerMetrePerWattPerSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PicoMOL-PER-M-W-SEC pmol.m-1.W-1.s-1 pmol/(m⋅W⋅s) T+2 L-3 M-1 I0 Θ0 N+1 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'AmountSquareTimePerMassVolume'. AmountSquareTimePerMassVolumeUnit AmountSquareTimePerMassVolumeUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'AmountSquareTimePerMassVolume'. Voltage between the two terminals of a voltage source when there is no electric current through the source. SourceVoltage SourceTension SourceVoltage https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/SourceVoltage https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185329 6-36 Voltage between the two terminals of a voltage source when there is no electric current through the source. Correspond to the work needed per unit of charge to move a test charge between two points in a static electric field. The difference in electric potential between two points. Voltage ElectricPotentialDifference ElectricTension Voltage http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Voltage 6-11.3 The difference in electric potential between two points. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.V06635 https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.A00424 Difference between energy of an electron at rest at infinity and a certain energy level which is the energy of an electron in the interior of a substance. IonizationEnergy IonizationEnergy https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/IonizationEnergy https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483769 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-06-39 12-24.2 Difference between energy of an electron at rest at infinity and a certain energy level which is the energy of an electron in the interior of a substance. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.I03199 A property of objects which can be transferred to other objects or converted into different forms. Energy is often defined as "ability of a system to perform work", but it might be misleading since is not necessarily available to do work. Energy Energy http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Energy 5-20-1 A property of objects which can be transferred to other objects or converted into different forms. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.E02101 Quantities categorised according to ISO 80000-12. CondensedMatterPhysicsQuantity CondensedMatterPhysicsQuantity Quantities categorised according to ISO 80000-12. T-3 L-1 M+1 I0 Θ+1 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'TemperaturePressurePerTime'. TemperaturePressurePerTimeUnit TemperaturePressurePerTimeUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'TemperaturePressurePerTime'. Dimensional unit with its physical dimensionality described accortind to the International System of Units (SI). In SI are the physical dimensions of the base quantities time (T), length (L), mass (M), electric current (I), thermodynamic temperature (Θ), amount of substance (N) and luminous intensity (J). In general the dimension of any quantity Q is written in the form of a dimensional product, dim Q = T^α L^β M^γ I^δ Θ^ε N^ζ J^η where the exponents α, β, γ, δ, ε, ζ and η, which are generally small integers, which can be positive, negative, or zero, are called the dimensional exponents. -- SI brouchure The SI dimensional units are equivalent to dimensional strings that uniquely defines their dimensionality by specifying the values of the coefficients α, β, γ, δ, ε, ζ and η. A dimensional string is a space-separated string of the physical dimension symbols followed by the value of the exponent (including it sign). They should always match the following regular expression: ^T([+-][1-9]|0) L([+-][1-9]|0) M([+-][1-9]|0) I([+-][1-9]|0) Θ([+-][1-9]|0) N([+-][1-9]|0) J([+-][1-9]|0)$ Examples of correspondance between dimensional units and their dimensional units are: - AmountOfSubstanceUnit <=> "T0 L0 M0 I0 Θ0 N+1 J0" - TimeUnit <=> "T+1 L0 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0" - ElectricCurrentDensityUnit <=> "T0 L-2 M0 I+1 Θ0 N0 J0" SIDimensionalUnit SIDimensionalUnit Dimensional unit with its physical dimensionality described accortind to the International System of Units (SI). In SI are the physical dimensions of the base quantities time (T), length (L), mass (M), electric current (I), thermodynamic temperature (Θ), amount of substance (N) and luminous intensity (J). In general the dimension of any quantity Q is written in the form of a dimensional product, dim Q = T^α L^β M^γ I^δ Θ^ε N^ζ J^η where the exponents α, β, γ, δ, ε, ζ and η, which are generally small integers, which can be positive, negative, or zero, are called the dimensional exponents. -- SI brouchure The SI dimensional units are equivalent to dimensional strings that uniquely defines their dimensionality by specifying the values of the coefficients α, β, γ, δ, ε, ζ and η. A dimensional string is a space-separated string of the physical dimension symbols followed by the value of the exponent (including it sign). They should always match the following regular expression: ^T([+-][1-9]|0) L([+-][1-9]|0) M([+-][1-9]|0) I([+-][1-9]|0) Θ([+-][1-9]|0) N([+-][1-9]|0) J([+-][1-9]|0)$ Examples of correspondance between dimensional units and their dimensional units are: - AmountOfSubstanceUnit <=> "T0 L0 M0 I0 Θ0 N+1 J0" - TimeUnit <=> "T+1 L0 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0" - ElectricCurrentDensityUnit <=> "T0 L-2 M0 I+1 Θ0 N0 J0" A baryon containing one or more strange quarks, but no charm, bottom, or top quark. This form of matter may exist in a stable form within the core of some neutron stars. Hyperon Hyperon A baryon containing one or more strange quarks, but no charm, bottom, or top quark. This form of matter may exist in a stable form within the core of some neutron stars. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperon Subatomic particle which contains an odd number of valence quarks, at least 3. Baryon Baryon Subatomic particle which contains an odd number of valence quarks, at least 3. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baryon Redundant(x) ≡ ∃φ[φ(x) ∧ ∃yRP⟨φ⟩(y, x)] The superclass for all classes of entities that have parts of the same type of the whole. Redundant NonMaximal A sufficently large volume of liquid water has parts of the same type. An object A which is classified as water-fluid possesses a proper part B which is water itself if the lenght scale of the B is larger than the water intermolecular distance keeping it in the continuum range. In this sense, A is redundant. If A is a water-fluid so small that its every proper part is no more a continuum object (i.e. no more a fluid), then A is fundamental. Redundant Redundant(x) ≡ ∃φ[φ(x) ∧ ∃yRP⟨φ⟩(y, x)] The superclass for all classes of entities that have parts of the same type of the whole. A sign that stands for an object by resembling or imitating it, in shape, function or by sharing a similar logical structure. If object and sign belongs to the same class, then the sign is fuctional, diagrammatic and resemblance. For example, when a Boeing 747 is used as a sign for another Boeing 747. Icon Model Simulacrum A picture that reproduces the aspect of a person. An equation that reproduces the logical connection of the properties of a physical entity. Icon EquivalentTo: AnalogicalIcon or ResemblanceIcon or FunctionalIcon A sign that stands for an object by resembling or imitating it, in shape, function or by sharing a similar logical structure. If object and sign belongs to the same class, then the sign is fuctional, diagrammatic and resemblance. For example, when a Boeing 747 is used as a sign for another Boeing 747. In Peirce semiotics three subtypes of icon are possible: (a) the image, which depends on a simple quality (e.g. picture) (b) the diagram, whose internal relations, mainly dyadic or so taken, represent by analogy the relations in something (e.g. math formula, geometric flowchart) (c) the metaphor, which represents the representative character of a sign by representing a parallelism in something else [Wikipedia] Sign classified by how the sign stands for its reference object. SignByReferent SignByReferent Sign classified by how the sign stands for its reference object. InorganicCompound InorganicCompound A chemical substance composed of many identical molecules (or molecular entities) composed of atoms from more than one element held together by chemical bonds. ChemicalCompound ChemicalCompound A chemical substance composed of many identical molecules (or molecular entities) composed of atoms from more than one element held together by chemical bonds. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_compound A discrete schema may be based on a continuum material basis that is filtered according to its variations. For example, a continuous voltage based signal can be considered 1 or 0 according to some threshold. Discrete does not mean that the material basis is discrete, but that the data are encoded according to such step-based rules. Data whose variations are decoded according to a discrete schema. DiscreteData A text is a collection of discrete symbols. A compact disc is designed to host discrete states in the form of pits and lands. DiscreteData Data whose variations are decoded according to a discrete schema. A discrete schema may be based on a continuum material basis that is filtered according to its variations. For example, a continuous voltage based signal can be considered 1 or 0 according to some threshold. Discrete does not mean that the material basis is discrete, but that the data are encoded according to such step-based rules. DataByDiscretness DataByDiscretness 1.0 0.0 product of the SI base unit kelvin and the SI base unit metre divided by the derived SI unit watt -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit KelvinMetrePerWatt Kelvin Metre Per Watt KelvinMetrePerWatt http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/K-M-PER-W http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M-K-PER-W K.m.W-1 K⋅m/W product of the SI base unit kelvin and the SI base unit metre divided by the derived SI unit watt -- QUDT T+3 L-1 M-1 I0 Θ+1 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'ThermalResistivity'. ThermalResistivityUnit ThermalResistivityUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'ThermalResistivity'. 1.0 0.0 Weber metre. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit WeberMetre http://www.simetric.co.uk/siderived.htm WeberMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/WB-M Wb.m Wb⋅m Weber metre. T-2 L+3 M+1 I-1 Θ+1 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'NewtonSquareMetrePerAmpere'. NewtonSquareMetrePerAmpereUnit NewtonSquareMetrePerAmpereUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'NewtonSquareMetrePerAmpere'. T0 L+2 M0 I0 Θ0 N-1 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'AreaPerAmount'. AreaPerAmountUnit AreaPerAmountUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'AreaPerAmount'. Angular wavenumber of electrons in states on the Fermi sphere. FermiAnglularWaveNumber FermiAnglularRepetency FermiAnglularWaveNumber https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/FermiAngularWavenumber https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105554303 12-9.2 Angular wavenumber of electrons in states on the Fermi sphere. Magnitude of the wave vector. AngularWavenumber AngularRepetency AngularWavenumber https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/AngularWavenumber https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30338487 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=103-10-12 3-22 Magnitude of the wave vector. 1000000000.0 0.0 Per metre and nanometre. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit PerMetreNanoMetre ReciprocalMetreNanoMetre PerMetreNanoMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-M-NanoM m-1.nm-1 /(m⋅nm) Per metre and nanometre. T0 L-2 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'PerArea'. PerAreaUnit PerAreaUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'PerArea'. A derived unit whos numerical factor in front of the product of base units is NOT equal to one. SINonCoherentDerivedUnit cm/s SINonCoherentDerivedUnit A derived unit whos numerical factor in front of the product of base units is NOT equal to one. 1000.0 0.0 1 000-fold of the SI derived unit weber divided by the SI base unit metre -- QUDT KiloWeberPerMetre Kiloweber Per Metre KiloWeberPerMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloWB-PER-M kWb.m-1 kWb/m 1 000-fold of the SI derived unit weber divided by the SI base unit metre -- QUDT 1000.0 Superclass for all units prefixed with "kilo" (1000). KiloPrefixedUnit KiloPrefixedUnit Superclass for all units prefixed with "kilo" (1000). T-2 L+1 M+1 I-1 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'MagneticPotential'. MagneticPotentialUnit MagneticPotentialUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'MagneticPotential'. n 1e-09 SI prefix who's value is 1e-9. Nano Nano SI prefix who's value is 1e-9. SI prefix who's value is 1/N where N is a positive integer larger than 1. SISubMultiplePrefix SISubMultiplePrefix SI prefix who's value is 1/N where N is a positive integer larger than 1. A symbolic data representing a numerical value. NumericData NumericData A symbolic data representing a numerical value. A fundamental object overcrossing a manufacturing process, the intersection being the agent that participates and drives the manufacturing process. Manufacturer Manufacturer A fundamental object overcrossing a manufacturing process, the intersection being the agent that participates and drives the manufacturing process. 1e+21 0.0 A ZettaCoulomb is 10²¹ C. -- QUDT ZettaCoulomb ZettaCoulomb ZettaCoulomb http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/ZettaC ZC ZC A ZettaCoulomb is 10²¹ C. -- QUDT T+1 L0 M0 I+1 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricCharge'. ElectricChargeUnit ElectricChargeUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricCharge'. 1e+21 Superclass for all units prefixed with "zetta" (1e21). ZettaPrefixedUnit ZettaPrefixedUnit Superclass for all units prefixed with "zetta" (1e21). T+2 L+2 M-1 I+2 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'EnergyPerSquareMagneticFluxDensity'. EnergyPerSquareMagneticFluxDensityUnit EnergyPerSquareMagneticFluxDensityUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'EnergyPerSquareMagneticFluxDensity'. 2-dimensional array who's spatial direct parts are vectors. Matrix 2DArray Matrix 2-dimensional array who's spatial direct parts are vectors. 195.084 78 Atom subclass for platinum. PlatinumAtom PlatinumAtom Atom subclass for platinum. Quotient of the linear attenuation coefficient µ and the number density, n, of atoms in the substance. AtomicAttenuationCoefficient AtomicAttenuationCoefficient https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98592911 10-52 Quotient of the linear attenuation coefficient µ and the number density, n, of atoms in the substance. 58.6934 28 Atom subclass for nickel. NickelAtom NickelAtom Atom subclass for nickel. A functional icon that imitates the behaviour of the object through mathematical evaluations of some mathematical construct. The equation that describes the velocity of a uniform accelerated body v = v0 + a*t is a functional icon. In general every analitical solution of a mathematical model can be considered an icon. A functional icon expresses its similarity with the object when is part of a process the makes it imitate the behavior of the object. In the case of v = v0 + a*t, plotting the velocity over time or listing their values at certain instants is when the icon expresses it functionality. PhysicsMathematicalComputation PhysicsMathematicalComputation A functional icon that imitates the behaviour of the object through mathematical evaluations of some mathematical construct. The equation that describes the velocity of a uniform accelerated body v = v0 + a*t is a functional icon. In general every analitical solution of a mathematical model can be considered an icon. A functional icon expresses its similarity with the object when is part of a process the makes it imitate the behavior of the object. In the case of v = v0 + a*t, plotting the velocity over time or listing their values at certain instants is when the icon expresses it functionality. An icon that focusing WHAT the object does. An icon that imitates one representative character of the object. It share external similarities with the object, but not necessarily the same internal logical structure. FunctionalIcon A data based model is only a functional icon, since it provide the same relations between the properties of the object (e.g., it can predict some properties as function of others) but is not considering the internal mechanisms (i.e., it can ignore the physics). A guinea pig. FunctionalIcon An icon that imitates one representative character of the object. It share external similarities with the object, but not necessarily the same internal logical structure. An icon that focusing WHAT the object does. This subclass of icon inspired by Peirceian category (c) the metaphor, which represents the representative character of a sign by representing a parallelism in something else. A procedure that deals with quantitative symbols (i.e. symbols associated with a quantitative oriented language). Computation A mathematician that calculates 2+2. A computation machine that calculate the average value of a dataset. Computation A procedure that deals with quantitative symbols (i.e. symbols associated with a quantitative oriented language). 1000.0 0.0 1 000-fold of the SI derived unit volt divided by the SI base unit metre -- QUDT KiloVoltPerMetre Kilovolt Per Metre KiloVoltPerMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloV-PER-M kV.m-1 kV/m 1 000-fold of the SI derived unit volt divided by the SI base unit metre -- QUDT T-3 L+1 M+1 I-1 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricFieldStrength'. ElectricFieldStrengthUnit ElectricFieldStrengthUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricFieldStrength'. Radius of the osculating circle of a planar curve at a particular point of the curve. RadiusOfCurvature RadiusOfCurvature https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-01-30 https://dbpedia.org/page/Radius_of_curvature 3-1.12 Radius of the osculating circle of a planar curve at a particular point of the curve. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radius_of_curvature Distance from the centre of a circle to the circumference. Radius Radius https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Radius https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173817 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-01-25 https://dbpedia.org/page/Radius 3-1.6 Distance from the centre of a circle to the circumference. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radius The energy possessed by a body by virtue of its position or orientation in a potential field. PotentialEnergy PotentialEnergy http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/PotentialEnergy 4-28.1 The energy possessed by a body by virtue of its position or orientation in a potential field. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.P04778 1e-12 0.0 0.000000000001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit SquareMicroMetre Square Micrometre SquareMicroMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroM2 um2 μm² 0.000000000001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 -- QUDT T0 L+2 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'Area'. AreaUnit AreaUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'Area'. 244.06421 94 Atom subclass for plutonium. PlutoniumAtom PlutoniumAtom Atom subclass for plutonium. 1e+24 Superclass for all units prefixed with "yotta" (1e24). YottaPrefixedUnit YottaPrefixedUnit Superclass for all units prefixed with "yotta" (1e24). T-2 L0 M0 I0 Θ+1 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'TemperaturePerSquareTime'. TemperaturePerSquareTimeUnit TemperaturePerSquareTimeUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'TemperaturePerSquareTime'. 1000000.0 0.0 1,000,000-fold of the SI derived unit pascal divided by the SI base unit kelvin -- QUDT MegaPascalPerKelvin Megapascal Per Kelvin MegaPascalPerKelvin http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MegaPA-PER-K MPa.K-1 MPa/K 1,000,000-fold of the SI derived unit pascal divided by the SI base unit kelvin -- QUDT T-2 L-1 M+1 I0 Θ-1 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'PressurePerTemperature'. PressurePerTemperatureUnit PressurePerTemperatureUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'PressurePerTemperature'. 1000000.0 Superclass for all units prefixed with "mega" (1e6). MegaPrefixedUnit MegaPrefixedUnit Superclass for all units prefixed with "mega" (1e6). 0.01 0.0 A centimetre is a unit of length in the metric system, equal to one hundredth of a metre, which is the SI base unit of length. Centi is the SI prefix for a factor of 10. The centimetre is the base unit of length in the now deprecated centimetre-gram-second (CGS) system of units. -- QUDT CentiMetre CentiMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/CentiM cm cm A centimetre is a unit of length in the metric system, equal to one hundredth of a metre, which is the SI base unit of length. Centi is the SI prefix for a factor of 10. The centimetre is the base unit of length in the now deprecated centimetre-gram-second (CGS) system of units. -- QUDT http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centimetre?oldid=494931891 T0 L+1 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'Length'. LengthUnit LengthUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'Length'. 0.01 Superclass for all units prefixed with "centi" (0.01). CentiPrefixedUnit CentiPrefixedUnit Superclass for all units prefixed with "centi" (0.01). Lu The symbol that stands for the lutetium atom. LutetiumSymbol LutetiumSymbol The symbol that stands for the lutetium atom. Quotient of thermal conductivity and the product of mass density and specific heat capacity. ThermalDiffusivity ThermalDiffusionCoefficient ThermalDiffusivity https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ThermalDiffusivity https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3381809 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-04-53 5-14 Quotient of thermal conductivity and the product of mass density and specific heat capacity. A symbolic entity made of other symbolic entities according to a specific spatial configuration. This class collects individuals that represents arrangements of strings, or other symbolic compositions, without any particular predefined arrangement schema. SymbolicConstruct SymbolicConstruct SubClassOf: hasProperPart some Symbolic A symbolic entity made of other symbolic entities according to a specific spatial configuration. This class collects individuals that represents arrangements of strings, or other symbolic compositions, without any particular predefined arrangement schema. SymbolicByStructure SymbolicByStructure Helmholtz energy per amount of substance. MolarHelmholtzEnergy MolarHelmholtzEnergy https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q88862986 9-6.3 Helmholtz energy per amount of substance. Quantities categorised according to ISO 80000-9. PhysioChemicalQuantity PhysioChemicalQuantity Quantities categorised according to ISO 80000-9. Energy per amount of substance. MolarEnergy MolarEnergy https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MolarEnergy https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69427512 Energy per amount of substance. Os The symbol that stands for the osmium atom. OsmiumSymbol OsmiumSymbol The symbol that stands for the osmium atom. PhysicalParticleByBond PhysicalParticleByBond A well defined physical entity, elementary or composite, usually treated as a singular unit, that is found at scales spanning from the elementary particles to molecules, as fundamental constituents of larger scale substances (as the etymology of "particle" suggests). The scope of the physical particle definition goes from the elementary particles to molecules, as fundamental constituents of substances. The union of hadron and lepton, or fermion and bosons. PhysicalParticle Particle PhysicalParticle The union of hadron and lepton, or fermion and bosons. A well defined physical entity, elementary or composite, usually treated as a singular unit, that is found at scales spanning from the elementary particles to molecules, as fundamental constituents of larger scale substances (as the etymology of "particle" suggests). The scope of the physical particle definition goes from the elementary particles to molecules, as fundamental constituents of substances. A tile that has next and is next of other tiles within the same tessellation. IntermidiateTile IntermidiateTile https://w3id.org/emmo/raw/1.0.0-rc3/doc/figs/ThroughTile.png A tile that has next and is next of other tiles within the same tessellation. The superclass for tiles categorized accordingly to their location within a tessellation in terms of causal source, sink or intermediary. SpatioTemporalTileByPosition SpatioTemporalTileByPosition The superclass for tiles categorized accordingly to their location within a tessellation in terms of causal source, sink or intermediary. 1e-06 0.0 MilliGramPerCubicMetrePerSecond Milligrams per cubic metre per second MilliGramPerCubicMetrePerSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliGM-PER-M3-SEC mg.m-3.s-1 mg/(m³⋅s) T-1 L-3 M+1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'MassPerVolumeTime'. MassPerVolumeTimeUnit MassPerVolumeTimeUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'MassPerVolumeTime'. 1.0 0.0 Mole Kelvin is a unit for `Temperature Amount Of Substance` expressed as mol-K. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit MoleKelvin Mole Kelvin MoleKelvin http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MOL-K mol.K mol⋅K Mole Kelvin is a unit for `Temperature Amount Of Substance` expressed as mol-K. -- QUDT T0 L0 M0 I0 Θ+1 N+1 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'AmountTemperature'. AmountTemperatureUnit AmountTemperatureUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'AmountTemperature'. A semiosis where the interpreter perceives a sign, that generates the interpretant as interpreter's internal representation. Than the interpretant is resolved by the interpreter by identifying the referent, i.e. the entity for which the sign stands for according to the interpreter understanding. Resolving Someone says: "Ketchup." (sign). I (interpreter) hear that, elaborate internally the perception by creating an internal representation (interpretant), and then reach for the ketchup bottle (referent). Resolving A semiosis where the interpreter perceives a sign, that generates the interpretant as interpreter's internal representation. Than the interpretant is resolved by the interpreter by identifying the referent, i.e. the entity for which the sign stands for according to the interpreter understanding. A semiosis where the triangle of relations is completely developed. FullSemiosis FullSemiosis A semiosis where the triangle of relations is completely developed. Wb SI unit for magnetic flux. The SI unit of magnetic flux. "Flux" is the rate (per unit of time) at which something crosses a surface perpendicular to the flow. The weber is a large unit, equal to 10⁸ maxwells, and practical fluxes are usually fractions of one weber. The weber is the magnetic flux which, linking a circuit of one turn, would produce in it an electromotive force of 1 volt if it were reduced to zero at a uniform rate in 1 second. In SI base units, the dimensions of the weber are (kg·m²)/(s²·A). The weber is commonly expressed in terms of other derived units as the Tesla-square meter (T·m²), volt-seconds (V·s), or joules per ampere (J/A). Weber Weber WEB http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/WB Wb http://dbpedia.org/resource/Weber SI unit for magnetic flux. The SI unit of magnetic flux. "Flux" is the rate (per unit of time) at which something crosses a surface perpendicular to the flow. The weber is a large unit, equal to 10⁸ maxwells, and practical fluxes are usually fractions of one weber. The weber is the magnetic flux which, linking a circuit of one turn, would produce in it an electromotive force of 1 volt if it were reduced to zero at a uniform rate in 1 second. In SI base units, the dimensions of the weber are (kg·m²)/(s²·A). The weber is commonly expressed in terms of other derived units as the Tesla-square meter (T·m²), volt-seconds (V·s), or joules per ampere (J/A). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weber_(unit) https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.W06666 T-2 L+2 M+1 I-1 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'MagneticFlux'. MagneticFluxUnit MagneticFluxUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'MagneticFlux'. 1000000000000.0 0.0 1 000 000 000 000-fold of the SI derived unit hertz -- QUDT TeraHertz TeraHertz http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/TeraHZ THz THz 1 000 000 000 000-fold of the SI derived unit hertz -- QUDT 1000000000000.0 Superclass for all units prefixed with "tera" (1e12). TeraPrefixedUnit TeraPrefixedUnit Superclass for all units prefixed with "tera" (1e12). T-1 L0 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'Frequency'. FrequencyUnit FrequencyUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'Frequency'. In The symbol that stands for the indium atom. IndiumSymbol IndiumSymbol The symbol that stands for the indium atom. 1000000.0 0.0 MegaJoule Per Kelvin (MegaJ/K) is a unit in the category of Entropy. -- QUDT MegaJoulePerKelvin MegaJoule per Kelvin MegaJoulePerKelvin http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MegaJ-PER-K MJ.K-1 MJ/K MegaJoule Per Kelvin (MegaJ/K) is a unit in the category of Entropy. -- QUDT T-2 L+2 M+1 I0 Θ-1 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'Entropy'. EntropyUnit EntropyUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'Entropy'. Folding Folding FormingJoin FormingJoin SingleComponentComposition SingleComponentComposition T+4 L-2 M-1 I+2 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'Capacitance'. CapacitanceUnit CapacitanceUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'Capacitance'. Tb The symbol that stands for the terbium atom. TerbiumSymbol TerbiumSymbol The symbol that stands for the terbium atom. 0.001 0.0 0,001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit GramPerCubicMetre Gram Per Cubic Metre GramPerCubicMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/GM-PER-M3 g.m-3 g/m3 g/m³ 0,001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT Quantities categorised according to ISO 80000-7. LightAndRadiationQuantity LightAndRadiationQuantity Quantities categorised according to ISO 80000-7. ISO80000Categorised ISO80000Categorised 0.001 0.0 0.001-fold of the SI base unit metre divided by the SI base unit kelvin -- QUDT MilliMetrePerKelvin Millimetre Per Kelvin MilliMetrePerKelvin http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliM-PER-K mm.K-1 mm/K 0.001-fold of the SI base unit metre divided by the SI base unit kelvin -- QUDT T0 L+1 M0 I0 Θ-1 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'LengthPerTemperature'. LengthPerTemperatureUnit LengthPerTemperatureUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'LengthPerTemperature'. A world entity is direct causally self-connected if any two parts that make up the whole are direct causally connected to each other. In the EMMO, topological connectivity is based on causality. All physical objects, i.e. entities whose behaviour is explained by physics laws, are represented only by items. In other words, a physical object part is embedded in a direct causal graph that provides always a path between two of its parts. Members of a collection lack such direct causality connection, i.e. they do not constitute a physical object. Following graph theory concepts, the quantums of an item are all connected together within a network of causal relations, forming a connected causal graph. A collection is then a set of disconnected graphs. The class of individuals standing for quantum or causally self-connected world entities. The disjoint union of Particle and CausalStructure classes. The concept of self-connectivity is applied using a 4D approach. Given that, the entity made of an electron and a proton that travel, interact, and then depart from each other is an item, since we don't focus only on the beginning or the end stage but to the overall 4D entity, being the interaction the connectivity bridge between the two particles. Item CausalObject A person life, an interval of a person life. The lifetime of two components, from the production in separate manufacturing lines, their being connected components in a device, including their eparation and decommissioning. Item A world entity is direct causally self-connected if any two parts that make up the whole are direct causally connected to each other. In the EMMO, topological connectivity is based on causality. All physical objects, i.e. entities whose behaviour is explained by physics laws, are represented only by items. In other words, a physical object part is embedded in a direct causal graph that provides always a path between two of its parts. Members of a collection lack such direct causality connection, i.e. they do not constitute a physical object. Following graph theory concepts, the quantums of an item are all connected together within a network of causal relations, forming a connected causal graph. A collection is then a set of disconnected graphs. The disjoint union of Particle and CausalStructure classes. EquivalentTo: CausalParticle or CausalStructure The class of individuals standing for quantum or causally self-connected world entities. The concept of self-connectivity is applied using a 4D approach. Given that, the entity made of an electron and a proton that travel, interact, and then depart from each other is an item, since we don't focus only on the beginning or the end stage but to the overall 4D entity, being the interaction the connectivity bridge between the two particles. Sum of the maximum beta-particle kinetic energy and the recoil energy of the atom produced in a reference frame in which the emitting nucleus is at rest before its disintegration. BetaDisintegrationEnergy BetaDisintegrationEnergy https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98148340 10-34 Sum of the maximum beta-particle kinetic energy and the recoil energy of the atom produced in a reference frame in which the emitting nucleus is at rest before its disintegration. 1.0 0.0 Newton metre per metre and radian. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit NewtonMetrePerMetrePerRadian NewtonMetrePerMetrePerRadian http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/N-M-PER-M-RAD N⋅m/(m⋅rad) Newton metre per metre and radian. T-2 L+1 M+1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'Force'. ForceUnit ForceUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'Force'. 1000000000000.0 0.0 Per Picoometer Unit is a denominator unit with dimensions /pm. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit PerPicoMetre ReciprocalPicoMetre PerPicoMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-PicoM /pm pm-1 /pm Per Picoometer Unit is a denominator unit with dimensions /pm. -- QUDT T0 L-1 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'ReciprocalLength'. ReciprocalLengthUnit ReciprocalLengthUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'ReciprocalLength'. The DBpedia definition (http://dbpedia.org/page/Vacuum_permittivity) is outdated since May 20, 2019. It is now a measured constant. The value of the absolute dielectric permittivity of classical vacuum. VacuumElectricPermittivity PermittivityOfVacuum VacuumElectricPermittivity http://qudt.org/vocab/constant/PermittivityOfVacuum 6-14.1 The value of the absolute dielectric permittivity of classical vacuum. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.P04508 Measure for how the polarization of a material is affected by the application of an external electric field. Permittivity Permittivity http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Permittivity 6-14.1 6-14.2 Measure for how the polarization of a material is affected by the application of an external electric field. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.P04507 For a given unit system, measured constants are physical constants that are not used to define the unit system. Hence, these constants have to be measured and will therefore be associated with an uncertainty. MeasuredConstant MeasuredConstant For a given unit system, measured constants are physical constants that are not used to define the unit system. Hence, these constants have to be measured and will therefore be associated with an uncertainty. Free forming is pressure forming with tools that do not or only partially contain the shape of the workpiece and move against each other. Non la metterei Printing forms with tools that do not or only partially contain the shape of the workpiece and move against each other. The workpiece shape is created by free or fixed relative movement between the tool and the workpiece (kinematic shape generation). FreeForming FreeForming A symbolic construct used within the discipline of metrology. MetrologicalConstruct MetrologicalConstruct A symbolic construct used within the discipline of metrology. A language entity used in the metrology discipline. Metrology is the science of measurement and its application and includes all theoretical and practical aspects of measurement, whatever the measurement uncertainty and field of application (VIM3 2.2) Metrological Metrological A language entity used in the metrology discipline. Metrology is the science of measurement and its application and includes all theoretical and practical aspects of measurement, whatever the measurement uncertainty and field of application (VIM3 2.2) A 'Sign' that stands for an 'Object' through convention, norm or habit, without any resemblance to it. In Peirce semiotics this kind of sign category is called symbol. However, since symbol is also used in formal languages, the name is changed in conventional. Conventional Conventional EquivalentTo: Uncoded or Coded A 'Sign' that stands for an 'Object' through convention, norm or habit, without any resemblance to it. In Peirce semiotics this kind of sign category is called symbol. However, since symbol is also used in formal languages, the name is changed in conventional. Number of turns. Rotation Rotation https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76435127 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=102-05-22 3-14 Number of turns. Rotation is not necessarily integer. Bh The symbol that stands for the bohrium atom. BohriumSymbol BohriumSymbol The symbol that stands for the bohrium atom. 0.001 0.0 g A unit of mass in the metric system. The name comes from the Greek gramma, a small weight identified in later Roman and Byzantine times with the Latin scripulum or scruple (the English scruple is equal to about 1.3 grams). The gram was originally defined to be the mass of one cubic centimeter of pure water, but to provide precise standards it was necessary to construct physical objects of specified mass. One gram is now defined to be 1/1000 of the mass of the standard kilogram, a platinum-iridium bar carefully guarded by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures in Paris for more than a century. (The kilogram, rather than the gram, is considered the base unit of mass in the SI.) The gram is a small mass, equal to about 15.432 grains or 0.035 273 966 ounce. -- QUDT Gram is defined as one thousandth of the SI unit kilogram. Gram Gram GRM http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/GM g Gram is defined as one thousandth of the SI unit kilogram. A unit of mass in the metric system. The name comes from the Greek gramma, a small weight identified in later Roman and Byzantine times with the Latin scripulum or scruple (the English scruple is equal to about 1.3 grams). The gram was originally defined to be the mass of one cubic centimeter of pure water, but to provide precise standards it was necessary to construct physical objects of specified mass. One gram is now defined to be 1/1000 of the mass of the standard kilogram, a platinum-iridium bar carefully guarded by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures in Paris for more than a century. (The kilogram, rather than the gram, is considered the base unit of mass in the SI.) The gram is a small mass, equal to about 15.432 grains or 0.035 273 966 ounce. -- QUDT https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gram https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.G02680 1e-07 0.0 0.000000001-fold of the SI derived unit Siemens by the 0.01 fol of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT NanoSiemensPerCentiMetre Nanosiemens Per Centimetre NanoSiemensPerCentiMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/NanoS-PER-CentiM nS.cm-1 nS/cm 0.000000001-fold of the SI derived unit Siemens by the 0.01 fol of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT T+3 L-3 M-1 I+2 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricConductivity'. ElectricConductivityUnit ElectricConductivityUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricConductivity'. 1e-09 Superclass for all units prefixed with "nano" (1e-9). NanoPrefixedUnit NanoPrefixedUnit Superclass for all units prefixed with "nano" (1e-9). Er The symbol that stands for the erbium atom. ErbiumSymbol ErbiumSymbol The symbol that stands for the erbium atom. A causal chain is an ordered causal sequence of entities that does not host any bifurcation within itself (a chain). A chain can only be partitioned in time. A causal path is a concept almost equivalent to the concept of elementary particle in physics. The class of entities that possess a temporal structure but no spatial structure. CausalPath CausalChain Elementary An electron moving in time interacting with other particles. CausalPath A causal chain is an ordered causal sequence of entities that does not host any bifurcation within itself (a chain). A chain can only be partitioned in time. DisjointUnionOf: MultiParticlePath, ElementaryParticle The class of entities that possess a temporal structure but no spatial structure. A causal path is a concept almost equivalent to the concept of elementary particle in physics. P 1000000000000000.0 SI prefix who's value is 1e15. Peta Peta SI prefix who's value is 1e15. SI prefix who's value is a positive integer larger than 1. SIMultiplePrefix SIMultiplePrefix SI prefix who's value is a positive integer larger than 1. 1.0 0.0 Newton metre squared per Ampere. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit NewtonSquareMetrePerAmpere NewtonSquareMetrePerAmpere http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/N-M2-PER-A N.m2.A-1 N.m2/A N⋅m²/A Newton metre squared per Ampere. 1000.0 0.0 t 1,000-fold of the SI base unit kilogram -- QUDT A non-SI unit defined as 1000 kg. Tonne Tonne TNE http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/TON_M t A non-SI unit defined as 1000 kg. 1,000-fold of the SI base unit kilogram -- QUDT https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonne https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.T06394 Non-SI units mentioned in the SI. This is a list of units that are not defined as part of the International System of Units (SI), but are otherwise mentioned in the SI brouchure, because either the General Conference on Weights and Measures (CGPM) accepts their use as being multiples or submultiples of SI-units, they have important contemporary application worldwide, or are otherwise commonly encountered worldwide. SIAcceptedUnit SIAcceptedUnit Non-SI units mentioned in the SI. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-SI_units_mentioned_in_the_SI T0 L0 M+1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'Mass'. MassUnit MassUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'Mass'. Gauge pressure can be measured using a diaphragm sensor, where one side of the diaphragm is exposed to the pressure media that is to be measured, while the other side is exposed to the ambient atmospheric pressure. The pressure measured relative to the ambient atmospheric pressure. GaugePressure GaugePressure https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q109594211 4-14.2 The pressure measured relative to the ambient atmospheric pressure. Gauge pressure can be measured using a diaphragm sensor, where one side of the diaphragm is exposed to the pressure media that is to be measured, while the other side is exposed to the ambient atmospheric pressure. The force applied perpendicular to the surface of an object per unit area over which that force is distributed. Pressure Pressure http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Pressure 4-14.1 The force applied perpendicular to the surface of an object per unit area over which that force is distributed. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.P04819 A chemical numenclature should not be confused with the chemical formula. A language object following a specific nomenclature rules for defining univocal names of chemical compounds. ChemicalNomenclature ChemicalNomenclature A language object following a specific nomenclature rules for defining univocal names of chemical compounds. Following nominalistic approach a species is simply a name that can point to an element name, a chemical formula or a chemical compound. So everything addressed by these classes of names can be calleded a chemical species. N2 Methane CH4 Fe Sodium Chloride Specific form of an element defined as to isotopic composition, electronic or oxidation state, and/or complex or molecular structure. Chemical species is the macroscopic equivalent of molecular entity and refers to sets or ensembles of molecular entities. ChemicalSpecies ChemicalSpecies Specific form of an element defined as to isotopic composition, electronic or oxidation state, and/or complex or molecular structure. Chemical species is the macroscopic equivalent of molecular entity and refers to sets or ensembles of molecular entities. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.CT06859 Geometrical characteristic of a shape of a body. SectionModulus SectionModulus https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/SectionModulus https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1930808 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-03-31 4-22 Geometrical characteristic of a shape of a body. Unit for dimensionless quantities that have the nature of count. CountingUnit Unit of atomic number Unit of number of cellular Unit of degeneracy in quantum mechanics CountingUnit http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/NUM 1 Unit for dimensionless quantities that have the nature of count. T0 L0 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The subclass of measurement units with no physical dimension. DimensionlessUnit Refractive index Plane angle Number of apples DimensionlessUnit http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/UNITLESS The subclass of measurement units with no physical dimension. Quantities that are ratios of quantities of the same kind (for example length ratios and amount fractions) have the option of being expressed with units (m/m, mol/mol to aid the understanding of the quantity being expressed and also allow the use of SI prefixes, if this is desirable (μm/m, nmol/mol). -- SI Brochure Unit for fractions of quantities of the same kind, to aid the understanding of the quantity being expressed. FractionUnit RatioUnit FractionUnit Unit for fractions of quantities of the same kind, to aid the understanding of the quantity being expressed. T0 L-1 M0 I0 Θ-1 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'PerLengthTemperature'. PerLengthTemperatureUnit PerLengthTemperatureUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'PerLengthTemperature'. 252.083 99 Atom subclass for einsteinium. EinsteiniumAtom EinsteiniumAtom Atom subclass for einsteinium. An emulsion is a mixture of two or more liquids that are normally immiscible (a liquid-liquid heterogeneous mixture). Emulsion Mayonnaise, milk. Emulsion An emulsion is a mixture of two or more liquids that are normally immiscible (a liquid-liquid heterogeneous mixture). A mixture in which one substance of microscopically dispersed insoluble or soluble particles (from 1 nm to 1 μm) is suspended throughout another substance and that does not settle, or would take a very long time to settle appreciably. Colloids are characterized by the occurring of the Tyndall effect on light. Colloid Colloid A mixture in which one substance of microscopically dispersed insoluble or soluble particles (from 1 nm to 1 μm) is suspended throughout another substance and that does not settle, or would take a very long time to settle appreciably. Colloids are characterized by the occurring of the Tyndall effect on light. A liquid is a nearly incompressible fluid that conforms to the shape of its container but retains a (nearly) constant volume independent of pressure. Liquid Liquid A liquid is a nearly incompressible fluid that conforms to the shape of its container but retains a (nearly) constant volume independent of pressure. 1000.0 0.0 1 000-fold of the SI derived unit joule divided by the SI base unit mol -- QUDT KiloJoulePerMole Kilojoule Per Mole KiloJoulePerMole http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloJ-PER-MOL kJ.mol-1 kJ/mol 1 000-fold of the SI derived unit joule divided by the SI base unit mol -- QUDT T-2 L+2 M+1 I0 Θ0 N-1 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'EnergyPerAmount'. EnergyPerAmountUnit EnergyPerAmountUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'EnergyPerAmount'. Activity per unit volume of the sample. ActivityDensity ActivityConcentration VolumetricActivity VolumicActivity ActivityDensity https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ActivityConcentration https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423263 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=395-01-09 10-29 Activity per unit volume of the sample. A semiotic process that assigns a sign based on conventions. Declaration ConventionalSemiosis Declaration EquivalentTo: Determination or Naming A semiotic process that assigns a sign based on conventions. Semiosis classified by how the sign stands for its reference object. SemiosisByReferent https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/peirce-semiotics/ SemiosisByReferent Semiosis classified by how the sign stands for its reference object. 1e-06 0.0 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit watt -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit MicroWatt MicroWatt http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroW uW μW 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit watt -- QUDT 1e-06 Superclass for all units prefixed with "micro" (1e-6). MicroPrefixedUnit MicroPrefixedUnit Superclass for all units prefixed with "micro" (1e-6). T-3 L+2 M+1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'Power'. PowerUnit PowerUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'Power'. T0 L+4 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'QuarticLength'. QuarticLengthUnit QuarticLengthUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'QuarticLength'. A variable whose value is assumed to be known independently from the equation, but whose value is not explicitated in the equation. Parameter Viscosity in the Navier-Stokes equation Parameter A variable standing for a numerical defined mathematical object like e.g. a number, a vector of numbers, a matrix of numbers. NumericalVariable NumericalVariable A variable standing for a numerical defined mathematical object like e.g. a number, a vector of numbers, a matrix of numbers. A coded that is not atomic with respect to a code of description. A description is a collection of properties that depicts an object. It is not atomic since it is made of several properties collected together. Description A biography. A sentence about some object, depticting its properties. Description A coded that is not atomic with respect to a code of description. A description is a collection of properties that depicts an object. It is not atomic since it is made of several properties collected together. 1e-09 0.0 NanoAmpere nanoampere NanoAmpere http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/NanoA nA nA Ir The symbol that stands for the iridium atom. IridiumSymbol IridiumSymbol The symbol that stands for the iridium atom. 1e-06 0.0 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit henry divided by the SI derived unit ohm -- QUDT MicroHenryPerOhm Microhenry Per Ohm MicroHenryPerOhm http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroH-PER-OHM uH.Ohm-1 µH/Ω 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit henry divided by the SI derived unit ohm -- QUDT T+1 L0 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'Time'. TimeUnit TimeUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'Time'. 100000.0 0.0 1 000-fold of the derived SI unit pascal divided by the 0.001-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT KiloPascalPerMilliMetre Kilopascal Per Millimetre KiloPascalPerMilliMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloPA-PER-MilliM kPa.mm-1 kPa/mm 1 000-fold of the derived SI unit pascal divided by the 0.001-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT T-2 L-2 M+1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'MassPerSquareLengthSquareTime'. MassPerSquareLengthSquareTimeUnit MassPerSquareLengthSquareTimeUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'MassPerSquareLengthSquareTime'. 1e-06 0.0 0.000001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the SI base unit second -- QUDT MilliGramPerSecond Milligram Per Second MilliGramPerSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliGM-PER-SEC mg/s mg/s 0.000001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the SI base unit second -- QUDT T-1 L0 M+1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'MassPerTime'. MassPerTimeUnit MassPerTimeUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'MassPerTime'. 1000000.0 0.0 sector-specific unit of the burst index as 1 000-fold of the derived unit for pressure pascal related to the substance, represented as a quotient from the 0.001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the power of the SI base unit metre by exponent 2 -- QUDT KiloPascalSquareMetrePerGram Kilopascal Square Metre per Gram KiloPascalSquareMetrePerGram http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloPA-M2-PER-GM kPa.m2.g-1 kPa⋅m²/g sector-specific unit of the burst index as 1 000-fold of the derived unit for pressure pascal related to the substance, represented as a quotient from the 0.001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the power of the SI base unit metre by exponent 2 -- QUDT T-2 L+1 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'Acceleration'. AccelerationUnit AccelerationUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'Acceleration'. For a solute X in a solution; quantity proportional to the absolute activity. ActivityOfSolute RelativeActivityOfSolute ActivityOfSolute https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q89408862 9-24 For a solute X in a solution; quantity proportional to the absolute activity. Og The symbol that stands for the oganesson atom. OganessonSymbol OganessonSymbol The symbol that stands for the oganesson atom. Ge The symbol that stands for the germanium atom. GermaniumSymbol GermaniumSymbol The symbol that stands for the germanium atom. 1e-06 0.0 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit newton -- QUDT MicroNewton MicroNewton http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroN uN μN 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit newton -- QUDT Any constitutionally or isotopically distinct atom, molecule, ion, ion pair, radical, radical ion, complex, conformer etc., identifiable as a separately distinguishable entity that can undergo a chemical reaction. Molecular entity is used as a general term for singular entities, irrespective of their nature, while chemical species stands for sets or ensembles of molecular entities. Note that the name of a compound may refer to the respective molecular entity or to the chemical species, Molecular entity is used as a general term for singular entities, irrespective of their nature, while chemical species stands for sets or ensembles of molecular entities. Note that the name of a compound may refer to the respective molecular entity or to the chemical species, https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/M03986 MolecularEntity ChemicalEntity Hydrogen molecule is an adequate definition of a certain molecular entity for some purposes, whereas for others it is necessary to distinguish the electronic state and/or vibrational state and/or nuclear spin, etc. of the hydrogen molecule. Methane, may mean a single molecule of CH4 (molecular entity) or a molar amount, specified or not (chemical species), participating in a reaction. The degree of precision necessary to describe a molecular entity depends on the context. Hydrogen molecule is an adequate definition of a certain molecular entity for some purposes, whereas for others it is necessary to distinguish the electronic state and/or vibrational state and/or nuclear spin, etc. of the hydrogen molecule. Methane, may mean a single molecule of CH4 (molecular entity) or a molar amount, specified or not (chemical species), participating in a reaction. The degree of precision necessary to describe a molecular entity depends on the context. MolecularEntity Any constitutionally or isotopically distinct atom, molecule, ion, ion pair, radical, radical ion, complex, conformer etc., identifiable as a separately distinguishable entity that can undergo a chemical reaction. Molecular entity is used as a general term for singular entities, irrespective of their nature, while chemical species stands for sets or ensembles of molecular entities. Note that the name of a compound may refer to the respective molecular entity or to the chemical species, This concept is strictly related to chemistry. For this reason an atom can be considered the smallest entity that can be considered "molecular", including nucleus when they are seen as ions (e.g. H⁺, He⁺⁺). Cutting workpieces between two cutting edges that move past each other (see Figure 1 [see figure in the standard]). ShearCutting Scherschneiden ShearCutting Mechanical separation of workpieces without the formation of shapeless material, i.e. also without chips (chipless). Cutting Schneiden Cutting 0.01 0.0 `Centimeter per Square Second` is a C.G.S System unit for `Linear Acceleration` expressed as cm/s². -- QUDT CentiMetrePerSquareSecond Centimetre per Square Second CentiMetrePerSquareSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/CentiM-PER-SEC2 cm.s-2 cm/s2 cm/s² `Centimeter per Square Second` is a C.G.S System unit for `Linear Acceleration` expressed as cm/s². -- QUDT Difference between the mass of an atom, and the product of its mass number and the unified mass constant. MassExcess MassExcess https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MassExcess https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1571163 10-21.1 Difference between the mass of an atom, and the product of its mass number and the unified mass constant. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.M03719 A substance is always composed of more than one molecular entity. It lays in the continuum or mesoscopic domain. Matter of constant composition best characterized by the entities (molecules, formula units, atoms) it is composed of. ChemicalSubstance ChemicalSubstance Matter of constant composition best characterized by the entities (molecules, formula units, atoms) it is composed of. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.C01039 The superclass for tiles categorized accordingly to their topological role within a tessellation. SpatioTemporalTileByConnection SpatioTemporalTileByConnection The superclass for tiles categorized accordingly to their topological role within a tessellation. The superclass for all tiles belonging to tessellations in which all tiles are connected through spatiotemporal relations hasNext or contacts. SpatioTemporalTile WellFormedTile SpatioTemporalTile EquivalentTo: SpatialTile or TemporalTile or JunctionTile EquivalentTo: ThroughTile or EndTile or BeginTile The superclass for all tiles belonging to tessellations in which all tiles are connected through spatiotemporal relations hasNext or contacts. 1000000.0 0.0 quotient of the 1,000,000-fold of the derived SI unit joule divided by the SI base unit second -- QUDT MegaJoulePerSecond Megajoule Per Second MegaJoulePerSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MegaJ-PER-SEC MJ.s-1 MJ/s quotient of the 1,000,000-fold of the derived SI unit joule divided by the SI base unit second -- QUDT The mass that it seems to have when responding to forces, or the mass that it seems to have when interacting with other identical particles in a thermal distribution. EffectiveMass EffectiveMass https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/EffectiveMass https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1064434 12-30 The mass that it seems to have when responding to forces, or the mass that it seems to have when interacting with other identical particles in a thermal distribution. Property of a physical body that express its resistance to acceleration (a change in its state of motion) when a force is applied. Mass Mass http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Mass 4-1 Property of a physical body that express its resistance to acceleration (a change in its state of motion) when a force is applied. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.M03709 A coded classified by observation. CodedByObservation CodedByObservation A coded classified by observation. A conventional referring to an object according to a specific code that reflects the results of a specific interaction mechanism and is shared between other interpreters. A coded is always a partial representation of an object since it reflects the object capability to be part of a specific determination. A coded is a sort of name or label that we put upon objects that interact with an determiner in the same specific way. For example, "hot" objects are objects that interact with an observer through a perception mechanism aimed to perceive an heat source. The code is made of terms such as "hot", "warm", "cold", that commonly refer to the perception of heat. A conventional that stands for an object according to a code of interpretation to which the interpreter refers. Coded A biography that makes use of a code that is provided by the meaning of the element of the language used by the author. The name "red" that stands for the color of an object. Coded EquivalentTo: Description or Property EquivalentTo: Observed or Estimated EquivalentTo: Subjective or Objective A conventional that stands for an object according to a code of interpretation to which the interpreter refers. A conventional referring to an object according to a specific code that reflects the results of a specific interaction mechanism and is shared between other interpreters. A coded is always a partial representation of an object since it reflects the object capability to be part of a specific determination. A coded is a sort of name or label that we put upon objects that interact with an determiner in the same specific way. For example, "hot" objects are objects that interact with an observer through a perception mechanism aimed to perceive an heat source. The code is made of terms such as "hot", "warm", "cold", that commonly refer to the perception of heat. Let's define the class Colour as the subclass of the coded signs that involve photon emission and electromagnetic radiation sensible observers. An individual C of this class Colour can be defined be declaring the process individual (e.g. daylight illumination) and the observer (e.g. my eyes) Stating that an entity E hasCoded C, we mean that it can be observed by such setup of process + observer (i.e. observed by my eyes under daylight). This definition can be specialised for human eye perception, so that the observer can be a generic human, or to camera perception so that the observer can be a device. This can be used in material characterization, to define exactly the type of measurement done, including the instrument type. Semiotic subclasse are defined using Peirce's semiotic theory. "Namely, a sign is something, A, which brings something, B, its interpretant sign determined or created by it, into the same sort of correspondence with something, C, its object, as that in which itself stands to C." (Peirce 1902, NEM 4, 20–21). The triadic elements: - 'sign': the sign A (e.g. a name) - 'interpretant': the sign B as the effects of the sign A on the interpreter (e.g. the mental concept of what a name means) - 'object': the object C (e.g. the entity to which the sign A and B refer to) This class includes also the 'interpeter' i.e. the entity that connects the 'sign' to the 'object' The class of individuals that stands for semiotic objects, i.e. objects that take part on a semiotic process. SemioticEntity SemioticEntity EquivalentTo: Interpreter or SemioticObject or Sign The class of individuals that stands for semiotic objects, i.e. objects that take part on a semiotic process. Semiotic subclasse are defined using Peirce's semiotic theory. "Namely, a sign is something, A, which brings something, B, its interpretant sign determined or created by it, into the same sort of correspondence with something, C, its object, as that in which itself stands to C." (Peirce 1902, NEM 4, 20–21). The triadic elements: - 'sign': the sign A (e.g. a name) - 'interpretant': the sign B as the effects of the sign A on the interpreter (e.g. the mental concept of what a name means) - 'object': the object C (e.g. the entity to which the sign A and B refer to) This class includes also the 'interpeter' i.e. the entity that connects the 'sign' to the 'object' Semiotics Semiotics EquivalentTo: Semiosis or SemioticEntity 1.0 0.0 Per Meter Kelvin Unit is a denominator unit with dimensions /m.k. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit PerMetreKelvin ReciprocalMetreKelvin PerMetreKelvin http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-M-K m-1.K-1 /(m⋅K) Per Meter Kelvin Unit is a denominator unit with dimensions /m.k. -- QUDT 1000.0 0.0 1 000-fold of the SI derived unit joule divided by the product of the SI base unit kilogram and the SI base unit kelvin -- QUDT KiloJoulePerKilogramKelvin Kilojoule Per Kilogram Kelvin KiloJoulePerKilogramKelvin http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloJ-PER-KiloGM-K kJ.(kg.K)-1 kJ.kg-1.K-1 kJ/(kg.K) kJ/(kg⋅K) 1 000-fold of the SI derived unit joule divided by the product of the SI base unit kilogram and the SI base unit kelvin -- QUDT T-2 L+2 M0 I0 Θ-1 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'EntropyPerMass'. EntropyPerMassUnit EntropyPerMassUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'EntropyPerMass'. 1.008 1 Atom subclass for hydrogen. HydrogenAtom HydrogenAtom Atom subclass for hydrogen. 1.0 0.0 Per Mole Unit is a denominator unit with dimensions mol⁻¹. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit PerMole ReciprocalMole PerMole http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-MOL mol-1 /mol Per Mole Unit is a denominator unit with dimensions mol⁻¹. -- QUDT T0 L0 M0 I0 Θ0 N-1 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'PerAmount'. PerAmountUnit PerAmountUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'PerAmount'. Discrete data that are decoded as a sequence of 1/0, or true/false, or on/off. DigitalData BinaryData DigitalData Discrete data that are decoded as a sequence of 1/0, or true/false, or on/off. A measurement always implies a causal interaction between the object and the observer. A measurement is the process of experimentally obtaining one or more measurement results that can reasonably be attributed to a quantity. An 'observation' that results in a quantitative comparison of a 'property' of an 'object' with a standard reference based on a well defined mesurement procedure. Measurement Measurement An 'observation' that results in a quantitative comparison of a 'property' of an 'object' with a standard reference based on a well defined mesurement procedure. measurement A data representing an integer number > 0. PositiveIntegerData https://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#positiveInteger PositiveIntegerData EquivalentTo: hasDataValue some xsd:positiveInteger A data representing an integer number > 0. 1.0 0.0 Watt Per Square Meter Per Pascal (W/m²-pa) is a unit of Evaporative Heat Transfer. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit WattPerSquareMetrePascal Watt per Square Metre Pascal WattPerSquareMetrePascal http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/W-PER-M2-PA W.m-2.Pa-1 W/(m²⋅pa) Watt Per Square Meter Per Pascal (W/m²-pa) is a unit of Evaporative Heat Transfer. -- QUDT T-1 L+1 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'Speed'. SpeedUnit SpeedUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'Speed'. 1.0 0.0 Volt per Kelvin. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit VoltPerKelvin http://www.iso.org/iso/catalogue_detail?csnumber=31897 VoltPerKelvin http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/V-PER-K V.K-1 V/K Volt per Kelvin. T-3 L+2 M+1 I-1 Θ-1 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricPotentialPerTemperature'. ElectricPotentialPerTemperatureUnit ElectricPotentialPerTemperatureUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricPotentialPerTemperature'. A direct part that is obtained by partitioning a whole purely in spatial parts. SpatialTile SpatialTile https://w3id.org/emmo/raw/1.0.0-rc3/doc/figs/SpatialTile.png A direct part that is obtained by partitioning a whole purely in spatial parts. Yb The symbol that stands for the ytterbium atom. YtterbiumSymbol YtterbiumSymbol The symbol that stands for the ytterbium atom. The superclass for all classes of entities that have no proper parts of the same type of the whole. Fundamental(x) ≡ ∃φ[φ(x) ∧ ¬∃yRP⟨φ⟩(y, x)] Fundamental Lifetime Maximal A marathon is an example of class whose individuals are always maximal since the criteria satisfied by a marathon 4D entity poses some constraints on its temporal and spatial extent. On the contrary, the class for a generic running process does not necessarily impose maximality to its individuals. A running individual is maximal only when it extends in time for the minimum amount required to identify a running act, so every possible temporal part is always a non-running. Following the two examples, a marathon individual is a maximal that can be decomposed into running intervals. The marathon class is a subclass of running. Fundamental Fundamental(x) ≡ ∃φ[φ(x) ∧ ¬∃yRP⟨φ⟩(y, x)] The superclass for all classes of entities that have no proper parts of the same type of the whole. A perspective that categorises causal structures according to the merelogical relations between the whole and the parts, taking into account their types. Structural Structural A perspective that categorises causal structures according to the merelogical relations between the whole and the parts, taking into account their types. 1.0 0.0 The S I unit of area is the square metre. -- QUDT SquareMetre SquareMetre MTK http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M2 http://www.ontology-of-units-of-measure.org/resource/om-2/squareMetre m2 m² The S I unit of area is the square metre. -- QUDT A estimator that uses its predefined knowledge to declare a property of an object. Assigner I estimate the molecular mass of the gas in my bottle as 1.00784 u because it is tagged as H. Assigner A estimator that uses its predefined knowledge to declare a property of an object. A characteriser that declares a property for an object without actually interact with it with the specific interaction required by the property definition (i.e. infer a property from other properties). Estimator Estimator A characteriser that declares a property for an object without actually interact with it with the specific interaction required by the property definition (i.e. infer a property from other properties). 1000.0 0.0 Per Millimeter Unit is a denominator unit with dimensions /mm. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit PerMilliMetre ReciprocalMilliMetre PerMilliMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-MilliM /mm mm-1 /mm Per Millimeter Unit is a denominator unit with dimensions /mm. -- QUDT 1e-06 0.0 product of the SI base kilogram and the 0.001-fold of the power of the SI base metre with the exponent 2 -- QUDT KilogramSquareMilliMetre Kilogram Square Millimetre KilogramSquareMilliMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloGM-MilliM2 kg.mm2 kg⋅mm² product of the SI base kilogram and the 0.001-fold of the power of the SI base metre with the exponent 2 -- QUDT T0 L+2 M+1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'MassArea'. MassAreaUnit MassAreaUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'MassArea'. A matter entity requires the presence of fermions without excluding the presence of real or virtual fundamental bosons parts that are responsible for the interactions between the (real) fundamental fermions. The class of physical objects that have some fermionic quantum parts. The interpretation of the term "matter" is not univocal. Several concepts are labelled with this term, depending on the field of science. The concept mass is sometimes related to the term "matter", even if the former refers to a physical quantity (precisely defined by modern physics) while the latter is a type that qualifies a physical entity. It is possible to identify more than one concept that can be reasonably labelled with the term "matter". For example, it is possible to label as matter only the entities that are made up of atoms. Or more generally, we can be more fine-grained and call "matter" the entities that are made up of protons, neutrons or electrons, so that we can call matter also a neutron radiation or a cathode ray. A more fundamental approach, that we embrace for the EMMO, considers matter as entities that are made of fermions (i.e. quarks and leptons) requiring their presence, without excluding particles like the W and Z bosons that possess some mass, but are not fermions. Antimatter is a subclass of matter. Matter PhysicalSubstance Matter The interpretation of the term "matter" is not univocal. Several concepts are labelled with this term, depending on the field of science. The concept mass is sometimes related to the term "matter", even if the former refers to a physical quantity (precisely defined by modern physics) while the latter is a type that qualifies a physical entity. It is possible to identify more than one concept that can be reasonably labelled with the term "matter". For example, it is possible to label as matter only the entities that are made up of atoms. Or more generally, we can be more fine-grained and call "matter" the entities that are made up of protons, neutrons or electrons, so that we can call matter also a neutron radiation or a cathode ray. A more fundamental approach, that we embrace for the EMMO, considers matter as entities that are made of fermions (i.e. quarks and leptons) requiring their presence, without excluding particles like the W and Z bosons that possess some mass, but are not fermions. Antimatter is a subclass of matter. DisjointUnionOf: HybridMatter, OrdinaryMatter, AntiMatter The class of physical objects that have some fermionic quantum parts. A matter entity requires the presence of fermions without excluding the presence of real or virtual fundamental bosons parts that are responsible for the interactions between the (real) fundamental fermions. Matter includes ordinary- and anti-matter. It is possible to have entities that are made of particle and anti-particles (e.g. mesons made of a quark and an anti-quark pair) so that it is possible to have entities that are somewhat heterogeneous with regards to this distinction. Pa SI unit for pressure. The SI unit of pressure. The pascal is the standard pressure unit in the MKS metric system, equal to one newton per square meter or one "kilogram per meter per second per second." The unit is named for Blaise Pascal (1623-1662), French philosopher and mathematician, who was the first person to use a barometer to measure differences in altitude. -- QUDT Pascal Pascal PAL http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PA Pa http://dbpedia.org/resource/Pascal SI unit for pressure. The SI unit of pressure. The pascal is the standard pressure unit in the MKS metric system, equal to one newton per square meter or one "kilogram per meter per second per second." The unit is named for Blaise Pascal (1623-1662), French philosopher and mathematician, who was the first person to use a barometer to measure differences in altitude. -- QUDT http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pascal?oldid=492989202 https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.P04442 T-2 L-1 M+1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'Pressure'. PressureUnit PressureUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'Pressure'. Ti The symbol that stands for the titanium atom. TitaniumSymbol TitaniumSymbol The symbol that stands for the titanium atom. 1e-09 0.0 NanoMolePerKilogram Nanomoles per kilogram NanoMolePerKilogram http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/NanoMOL-PER-KiloGM nmol.kg-1 nmol/kg T0 L0 M-1 I0 Θ0 N+1 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'AmountPerMass'. AmountPerMassUnit AmountPerMassUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'AmountPerMass'. 1e-12 0.0 0.000000000001-fold of the SI derived unit watt divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 -- QUDT PicoWattPerSquareMetre Picowatt Per Square Metre PicoWattPerSquareMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PicoW-PER-M2 pW.m-2 pW/m² 0.000000000001-fold of the SI derived unit watt divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 -- QUDT T-3 L0 M+1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'PowerDensity'. PowerDensityUnit PowerDensityUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'PowerDensity'. Macromolecule Macromolecule PolyatomicEntity PolyatomicEntity Given an electric current in a thin conducting loop and the linked flux caused by that electric current in another loop, the mutual inductance of the two loops is the linked flux divided by the electric current. MutualInductance MutualInductance https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q78101401 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=131-12-36 6-41.2 Given an electric current in a thin conducting loop and the linked flux caused by that electric current in another loop, the mutual inductance of the two loops is the linked flux divided by the electric current. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.M04076 A property of an electrical conductor by which a change in current through it induces an electromotive force in both the conductor itself and in any nearby conductors by mutual inductance. ElectricInductance Inductance ElectricInductance http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Inductance https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177897 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=131-12-19 6-41.1 A property of an electrical conductor by which a change in current through it induces an electromotive force in both the conductor itself and in any nearby conductors by mutual inductance. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.M04076 1e-12 0.0 10**-9 grams or one 10**-12 of the SI standard unit of mass (kilogram). -- QUDT NanoGram NanoGram http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/NanoGM ng ng 10**-9 grams or one 10**-12 of the SI standard unit of mass (kilogram). -- QUDT For normal cases, the relative humidity may be assumed to be equal to relative mass concentration of vapour. Ratio of the mass concentration of water vapour v to its mass concentration at saturation vsat, at the same temperature, thus ψ = v/vsat. RelativeMassConcentrationOfWaterVapour RelativeMassConcentrationOfWaterVapour https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/RelativeMassConcentrationOfVapour https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76379357 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-04-66 Ratio of the mass concentration of water vapour v to its mass concentration at saturation vsat, at the same temperature, thus ψ = v/vsat. Quantities defined as ratios `Q=A/B` having equal dimensions in numerator and denominator are dimensionless quantities but still have a physical dimension defined as dim(A)/dim(B). Johansson, Ingvar (2010). "Metrological thinking needs the notions of parametric quantities, units and dimensions". Metrologia. 47 (3): 219–230. doi:10.1088/0026-1394/47/3/012. ISSN 0026-1394. The class of quantities that are the ratio of two quantities with the same physical dimensionality. RatioQuantity https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0026-1394/47/3/012 refractive index, volume fraction, fine structure constant RatioQuantity http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/DimensionlessRatio The class of quantities that are the ratio of two quantities with the same physical dimensionality. T-1 L+1 M+1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'Momentum'. MomentumUnit MomentumUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'Momentum'. 1e-12 0.0 PicoSiemens PicoSiemens PicoSiemens http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PicoS pS T+3 L-2 M-1 I+2 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricConductance'. ElectricConductanceUnit ElectricConductanceUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricConductance'. 0.001 0.0 0.001-fold of the SI derived unit tesla -- QUDT MilliTesla MilliTesla http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliT mT mT 0.001-fold of the SI derived unit tesla -- QUDT T-2 L0 M+1 I-1 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'MagneticFluxDensity'. MagneticFluxDensityUnit MagneticFluxDensityUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'MagneticFluxDensity'. T SI unit for magnetic flux density or induction. The SI unit of flux density (or field intensity) for magnetic fields (also called the magnetic induction). The intensity of a magnetic field can be measured by placing a current-carrying conductor in the field. The magnetic field exerts a force on the conductor, a force which depends on the amount of the current and on the length of the conductor. One tesla is defined as the field intensity generating one newton of force per ampere of current per meter of conductor. Equivalently, one tesla represents a magnetic flux density of one weber per square meter of area. A field of one tesla is quite strong: the strongest fields available in laboratories are about 20 teslas, and the Earth's magnetic flux density, at its surface, is about 50 microteslas. The tesla, defined in 1958, honors the Serbian-American electrical engineer Nikola Tesla (1856-1943), whose work in electromagnetic induction led to the first practical generators and motors using alternating current. -- QUDT Tesla Tesla D33 http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/T T http://dbpedia.org/resource/Tesla SI unit for magnetic flux density or induction. The SI unit of flux density (or field intensity) for magnetic fields (also called the magnetic induction). The intensity of a magnetic field can be measured by placing a current-carrying conductor in the field. The magnetic field exerts a force on the conductor, a force which depends on the amount of the current and on the length of the conductor. One tesla is defined as the field intensity generating one newton of force per ampere of current per meter of conductor. Equivalently, one tesla represents a magnetic flux density of one weber per square meter of area. A field of one tesla is quite strong: the strongest fields available in laboratories are about 20 teslas, and the Earth's magnetic flux density, at its surface, is about 50 microteslas. The tesla, defined in 1958, honors the Serbian-American electrical engineer Nikola Tesla (1856-1943), whose work in electromagnetic induction led to the first practical generators and motors using alternating current. -- QUDT T = V·s·m⁻² = N/(A·m) = Wb/m² http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_(unit) https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.T06283 Quotient of the magnetic dipole moment of an atom, and the product of the nuclear spin quantum number and the nuclear magneton. GFactorOfNucleusOrNuclearParticle NuclearGFactor GFactorOfNucleusOrNuclearParticle https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/GFactorOfNucleus https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q97591250 10-14.2 Quotient of the magnetic dipole moment of an atom, and the product of the nuclear spin quantum number and the nuclear magneton. Relation between observed magnetic moment of a particle and the related unit of magnetic moment. GFactor GFactor https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1951266 Relation between observed magnetic moment of a particle and the related unit of magnetic moment. "Real scalar quantity, defined and adopted by convention, with which any other quantity of the same kind can be compared to express the ratio of the second quantity to the first one as a number" ISO 80000-1 A metrological reference for a physical quantity. MeasurementUnit kg m/s km MeasurementUnit DisjointUnionOf: DimensionlessUnit, DimensionalUnit DisjointUnionOf: NonPrefixedUnit, PrefixedUnit A metrological reference for a physical quantity. measurement unit (VIM3 1.9) "Real scalar quantity, defined and adopted by convention, with which any other quantity of the same kind can be compared to express the ratio of the second quantity to the first one as a number" ISO 80000-1 "Unit symbols are mathematical entities and not abbreviations." "Symbols for units are treated as mathematical entities. In expressing the value of a quantity as the product of a numerical value and a unit, both the numerical value and the unit may be treated by the ordinary rules of algebra." https://www.bipm.org/utils/common/pdf/si-brochure/SI-Brochure-9-EN.pdf Measurement units and procedure units are disjoint. Quantitative value are expressed as a multiple of the 'MeasurementUnit'. 0.01 0.0 0.1-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit SquareDeciMetre Square Decimetre SquareDeciMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/DeciM2 dm2 dm² 0.1-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 -- QUDT A solvable set of one Physics Equation and one or more Materials Relations. MaterialsModel https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/ec1455c3-d7ca-11e6-ad7c-01aa75ed71a1 MaterialsModel A solvable set of one Physics Equation and one or more Materials Relations. A mathematical entity based on a fundamental physics theory which defines the relations between physics quantities of an entity. CEN Workshop Agreement – CWA 17284 “Materials modelling – terminology, classification and metadata” PhysicsBasedModel PhysicsBasedModel A mathematical entity based on a fundamental physics theory which defines the relations between physics quantities of an entity. Dimensionless scalar value which describes the ratio of the force of friction between two bodies and the force pressing them together; depends on the materials used, ranges from near zero to greater than one. CoefficientOfFriction FrictionCoefficient FrictionFactor CoefficientOfFriction https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1932524 Dimensionless scalar value which describes the ratio of the force of friction between two bodies and the force pressing them together; depends on the materials used, ranges from near zero to greater than one. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.F02530 m 0.001 SI prefix who's value is 1/1000. Milli Milli SI prefix who's value is 1/1000. Measure of a conical geometric figure, called solid angle, formed by all rays, originating from a common point, called the vertex of the solid angle, and passing through the points of a closed, non-self-intersecting curve in space considered as the border of a surface. SolidAngularMeasure SolidAngle SolidAngularMeasure https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/SolidAngle https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208476 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=102-04-46 https://dbpedia.org/page/Solid_angle 3-8 Measure of a conical geometric figure, called solid angle, formed by all rays, originating from a common point, called the vertex of the solid angle, and passing through the points of a closed, non-self-intersecting curve in space considered as the border of a surface. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solid_angle Ratio of circular arc length to radius. Angle PlaneAngle Angle http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/PlaneAngle 3-5 Ratio of circular arc length to radius. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.A00346 Measurement unit obtained by dividing a given measurement unit by an integer SI prefix greater than one. MetricSubMultipleUnit MetricSubMultipleUnit Measurement unit obtained by dividing a given measurement unit by an integer SI prefix greater than one. 1000000.0 0.0 reciprocal of the 0.000001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit PerCubicCentiMetre ReciprocalCubicCentiMetre PerCubicCentiMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-CentiM3 cm-3 /cm³ reciprocal of the 0.000001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT T0 L-3 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'PerVolume'. PerVolumeUnit PerVolumeUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'PerVolume'. Na The symbol that stands for the sodium atom. SodiumSymbol SodiumSymbol The symbol that stands for the sodium atom. For the dissociation of a salt AmBn → mA + nB, the solubility product is KSP = am(A) ⋅ an(B), where a is ionic activity and m and n are the stoichiometric numbers. Product of the ion activities of the ions resulting from the dissociation of a solute in a saturated solution, raised to powers equal to their stoichiometric numbers. SolubilityProduct SolubilityProductConstant SolubilityProduct https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11229788 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-01-23 Product of the ion activities of the ions resulting from the dissociation of a solute in a saturated solution, raised to powers equal to their stoichiometric numbers. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.S05742 Mass increment per time. MassChangeRate MassChangeRate https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92020547 4-30.3 Mass increment per time. 1.0 0.0 Ampere per square metre and square Kelvin. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit AmperePerSquareMetreSquareKelvin http://www.iso.org/iso/catalogue_detail?csnumber=31897 AmperePerSquareMetreSquareKelvin http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/A-PER-M2-K2 A.m-2.K-2 A/(m2.K2) A/m²⋅k² Ampere per square metre and square Kelvin. T0 L-2 M0 I+1 Θ-2 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'RichardsonConstant'. RichardsonConstantUnit RichardsonConstantUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'RichardsonConstant'. T+1 L0 M0 I+1 Θ-1 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricChargePerTemperature'. ElectricChargePerTemperatureUnit ElectricChargePerTemperatureUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricChargePerTemperature'. An interpreter who establish the connection between an conventional sign and an object according to a specific convention. Declarer A scientist that assigns a quantity to a physical objects without actually measuring it but taking it for granted due to its previous experience (e.g. considering an electron charge as 1.6027663e-19 C, assigning a molecular mass to a gas only by the fact of a name on the bottle). Someone who assigns a name to an object. Declarer EquivalentTo: Determiner or Namer An interpreter who establish the connection between an conventional sign and an object according to a specific convention. Interpreter classified by how the sign stands for its reference object. InterpreterByReferent InterpreterByReferent Interpreter classified by how the sign stands for its reference object. A geometrical property of an area which reflects how its points are distributed with regard to an arbitrary axis. SecondPolarMomentOfArea SecondPolarMomentOfArea https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/SecondPolarMomentOfArea https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1049636 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-03-30 4-21.2 A geometrical property of an area which reflects how its points are distributed with regard to an arbitrary axis. An initial task of a workflow. There may be more than one begin task, if they run in parallel. BeginTask BeginTask https://w3id.org/emmo/raw/1.0.0-rc3/doc/figs/BeginTile.png An initial task of a workflow. There may be more than one begin task, if they run in parallel. TaskByPosition TaskByPosition A task in a workflow, categorised by its position in the workflow. A direct part that only is the source, but not the target of temporal relations. BeginTile BeginTile https://w3id.org/emmo/raw/1.0.0-rc3/doc/figs/BeginTile.png A direct part that only is the source, but not the target of temporal relations. 1.0 0.0 SI derived unit watt divided by the SI base unit kilogram -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit WattPerKilogram Watt Per Kilogram WattPerKilogram http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/W-PER-KiloGM W.kg-1 W/kg W/kg SI derived unit watt divided by the SI base unit kilogram -- QUDT A causal structure expresses itself in time and space thanks to the underlying causality relations between its constituent quantum entities. It must at least provide two temporal parts. The unity criterion beyond the definition of a causal structure (the most general concept of structure) is the existence of an undirected causal path between each of its parts. The class of individuals representing causally self-connected world entities. The disjoint union of Causal Path and CausalSystem classes. The most fundamental unity criterion for the definition of an structure is that: - is made of at least two quantums (a structure is not a simple entity) - all quantum parts form a causally connected graph CausalStructure CausalStructure The most fundamental unity criterion for the definition of an structure is that: - is made of at least two quantums (a structure is not a simple entity) - all quantum parts form a causally connected graph The disjoint union of Causal Path and CausalSystem classes. EquivalentTo: CausalPath or CausalSystem The class of individuals representing causally self-connected world entities. A causal structure expresses itself in time and space thanks to the underlying causality relations between its constituent quantum entities. It must at least provide two temporal parts. The unity criterion beyond the definition of a causal structure (the most general concept of structure) is the existence of an undirected causal path between each of its parts. A language object respecting the syntactic rules of C++. CPlusPlus C++ CPlusPlus A language object respecting the syntactic rules of C++. CompiledLanguage CompiledLanguage 1.0 0.0 "Torque" is the tendency of a force to cause a rotation, is the product of the force and the distance from the center of rotation to the point where the force is applied. Torque has the same units as work or energy, but it is a different physical concept. To stress the difference, scientists measure torque in newton meters rather than in joules, the SI unit of work. One newton meter is approximately 0.737562 pound foot. -- QUDT Note that the physical dimension is the same as for Joule. NewtonMetre NewtonMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/N-M http://www.ontology-of-units-of-measure.org/resource/om-2/newtonMetre "Torque" is the tendency of a force to cause a rotation, is the product of the force and the distance from the center of rotation to the point where the force is applied. Torque has the same units as work or energy, but it is a different physical concept. To stress the difference, scientists measure torque in newton meters rather than in joules, the SI unit of work. One newton meter is approximately 0.737562 pound foot. -- QUDT T-2 L+2 M+1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'Energy'. EnergyUnit EnergyUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'Energy'. Quantity characterizing the deviation of a solvent from ideal behavior. OsmoticCoefficientOfSolvent OsmoticFactorOfSolvent OsmoticCoefficientOfSolvent https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/OsmoticCoefficient https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5776102 9-27.2 Quantity characterizing the deviation of a solvent from ideal behavior. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.O04342 Zr The symbol that stands for the zirconium atom. ZirconiumSymbol ZirconiumSymbol The symbol that stands for the zirconium atom. Measurement unit obtained by multiplying a given measurement unit by an integer SI prefix greater than one. MetricMultipleUnit MetricMultipleUnit Measurement unit obtained by multiplying a given measurement unit by an integer SI prefix greater than one. Faction of electrical current carried by given ionic species. IonTransportNumber CurrentFraction TransferrenceNumber IonTransportNumber https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/IonTransportNumber https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q331854 9-46 Faction of electrical current carried by given ionic species. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.I03181 https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.T06489 F Measurement unit for electric capacitance. The SI unit of electric capacitance. Very early in the study of electricity scientists discovered that a pair of conductors separated by an insulator can store a much larger charge than an isolated conductor can store. The better the insulator, the larger the charge that the conductors can hold. This property of a circuit is called capacitance, and it is measured in farads. One farad is defined as the ability to store one coulomb of charge per volt of potential difference between the two conductors. This is a natural definition, but the unit it defines is very large. In practical circuits, capacitance is often measured in microfarads, nanofarads, or sometimes even in picofarads (10⁻¹² farad, or trillionths of a farad). The unit is named for the British physicist Michael Faraday (1791-1867), who was known for his work in electricity and electrochemistry. -- QUDT Farad Farad FAR http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/FARAD F http://dbpedia.org/resource/Farad The SI unit of electric capacitance. Very early in the study of electricity scientists discovered that a pair of conductors separated by an insulator can store a much larger charge than an isolated conductor can store. The better the insulator, the larger the charge that the conductors can hold. This property of a circuit is called capacitance, and it is measured in farads. One farad is defined as the ability to store one coulomb of charge per volt of potential difference between the two conductors. This is a natural definition, but the unit it defines is very large. In practical circuits, capacitance is often measured in microfarads, nanofarads, or sometimes even in picofarads (10⁻¹² farad, or trillionths of a farad). The unit is named for the British physicist Michael Faraday (1791-1867), who was known for his work in electricity and electrochemistry. -- QUDT http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Farad?oldid=493070876 https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.F02320 Forming of a solid body, whereby the plastic state is essentially brought about by a combined tensile and compressive stress. TensileForming Zugdruckumformen TensileForming A manufacturing in which workpieces are produced from solid raw parts through permanent deformation, provided that neither material is added nor removed. The mass of the raw part is equal to the mass of the finished part. ReshapeManufacturing DIN 8580:2020 Forming Umformen ReshapeManufacturing A manufacturing in which workpieces are produced from solid raw parts through permanent deformation, provided that neither material is added nor removed. The mass of the raw part is equal to the mass of the finished part. Db The symbol that stands for the dubnium atom. DubniumSymbol DubniumSymbol The symbol that stands for the dubnium atom. Hf The symbol that stands for the hafnium atom. HafniumSymbol HafniumSymbol The symbol that stands for the hafnium atom. Bounded matter. ParticulateMatter ParticulateMatter Bounded matter. A chemical entity comprises the two different ways to represents matter: as single recognizable particle entity (molecular entity) and as a composition of particle entities (substance). This distinction is not well assessed in actual chemical nomenclature, in which an element name refers to both the pure elemental substance or the atom. In the EMMO we force the adoption of a more strict categorization based on mereotopology. The class Material hosts the subclasses for which a substance can be identified without necessarily considering its nature of molecule/atom or substance (e.g. hydrocarbon is the class of both hydrocarbon molecules or gases). ChemicalEntity ChemicalEntity 168.93422 69 Atom subclass for thulium. ThuliumAtom ThuliumAtom Atom subclass for thulium. Pm The symbol that stands for the promethium atom. PromethiumSymbol PromethiumSymbol The symbol that stands for the promethium atom. 1e-09 0.0 A common metric unit of electric capacitance equal to 10⁻⁹ farad. This unit was previously called the millimicrofarad. -- QUDT NanoFarad NanoFarad http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/NanoFARAD nF nF A common metric unit of electric capacitance equal to 10⁻⁹ farad. This unit was previously called the millimicrofarad. -- QUDT http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Farad?oldid=493070876 1e-12 0.0 0.000000000001-fold of the SI derived unit Siemens divided by the SI base unit metre -- QUDT PicoSiemensPerMetre Picosiemens Per Metre PicoSiemensPerMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PicoS-PER-M pS.m-1 pS/m 0.000000000001-fold of the SI derived unit Siemens divided by the SI base unit metre -- QUDT A physical made of more than one symbol sequentially arranged. A string is made of concatenated symbols whos arrangement is one-dimensional. Each symbol can have only one previous and one next neighborhood (bidirectional list). String The word "cat" considered as a collection of 'symbol'-s respecting the rules of english language. In this example the 'symbolic' entity "cat" is not related to the real cat, but it is only a word (like it would be to an italian person that ignores the meaning of this english word). If an 'interpreter' skilled in english language is involved in a 'semiotic' process with this word, that "cat" became also a 'sign' i.e. it became for the 'interpreter' a representation for a real cat. String A physical made of more than one symbol sequentially arranged. A string is made of concatenated symbols whos arrangement is one-dimensional. Each symbol can have only one previous and one next neighborhood (bidirectional list). A string is not requested to respect any syntactic rule: it's simply directly made of symbols. A WorkPiece is physical artifact, that has a proper shape and occupyes a proper volume intended for subsequent transformation. It is a condensed state, so it is a compact body that is processed or has to be processed. A solid is defined as a portion of matter that is in a condensed state characterised by resistance to deformation and volume changes. In manufacturing, a workpiece is a single, delimited part of largely solid material that is processed in some form (e.g. stone ). In physics, a rigid body (also known as a rigid object[2]) is a solid body in which deformation is zero or so small it can be neglected. The distance between any two given points on a rigid body remains constant in time regardless of external forces or moments exerted on it. A rigid body is usually considered as a continuous distribution of mass. It has a shape, so we conclude that it is solid Object that is processed with a machine Seems to have to be processed through mechanical deformation. So it takes part of a manufacturing process. It is a Manufactured Product and it can be a Commercial Product The raw material or partially finished piece that is shaped by performing various operations. They are not powders or threads a physical artifact, real or virtual, intended for subsequent transformation within some manufacturing operation fili e polveri non sono compresi it seems to be an intermediate product, that has to reach the final shape. it seems to be solid, so it has a proper shape powder is not workpiece because it has the shape of the recipient containing them WorkPiece Werkstück WorkPiece A WorkPiece is physical artifact, that has a proper shape and occupyes a proper volume intended for subsequent transformation. It is a condensed state, so it is a compact body that is processed or has to be processed. A task that is a well formed tile of a workflow, according to a reductionistic description. A task tile is part of a specific granularity level for the workflow description, as composition of tasks. While a task is only an holistic part of a workflow, a task tile provide a more precise context about the placement of a task in the topological structure of a workflow by using a reductionistic categorization. A workflow is now seen as a tiling and the task is on of its tiles. TaskTile Step TaskTile While a task is only an holistic part of a workflow, a task tile provide a more precise context about the placement of a task in the topological structure of a workflow by using a reductionistic categorization. A workflow is now seen as a tiling and the task is on of its tiles. A task that is a well formed tile of a workflow, according to a reductionistic description. A task tile is part of a specific granularity level for the workflow description, as composition of tasks. A procedure that is an hoilistic part of a workflow. A task is a generic part of a workflow, without taking care of the task granularities. It means that you can declare that e.g. tightening a bolt is a task of building an airplane, without caring of the coarser tasks to which this tightening belongs. The concept of task is developed in strict connection with the concept of workflow: a task is always part of a workflow and a workflow always possess some tasks. This makes the relation between task and workflow an holistic relation, with task as role and workflow as whole. A task is also holistically connected to an intentional agent, since a task is defined as a procedure. For this reason a task is both a role, with respect to a workflow, and a whole, with respect to an intentional agent. Task Job Task The concept of task is developed in strict connection with the concept of workflow: a task is always part of a workflow and a workflow always possess some tasks. This makes the relation between task and workflow an holistic relation, with task as role and workflow as whole. A task is also holistically connected to an intentional agent, since a task is defined as a procedure. For this reason a task is both a role, with respect to a workflow, and a whole, with respect to an intentional agent. A procedure that is an hoilistic part of a workflow. A task is a generic part of a workflow, without taking care of the task granularities. It means that you can declare that e.g. tightening a bolt is a task of building an airplane, without caring of the coarser tasks to which this tightening belongs. A causal object that is direct part of a tessellation. Tile Tile A causal object that is direct part of a tessellation. Base quantities defined in the International System of Quantities (ISQ). ISQBaseQuantity ISQBaseQuantity Base quantities defined in the International System of Quantities (ISQ). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_System_of_Quantities Li The symbol that stands for the lithium atom. LithiumSymbol LithiumSymbol The symbol that stands for the lithium atom. 2 A collection is the concept that complements the item. A collection is an entity that has at least one part non directly causally connected with the rest. A collection can be partitioned in maximally connected items called members. The members are self-connected entities and there is no direct causality relation between them. The combination of collection and item concepts is the EMMO mereocausality alternative to set theory. However, two items can be members only if they are non direct causally connected, giving some constraints to a collection definition. For example, two entities which are directly connected cannot be two distinct members, while their interiors (i.e. the entities obtained by removing the layer of parts that provides the causal contact between them) can be. The class of not direct causally self-connected world entities. Collection The collection of users of a particular software, the collection of atoms that have been part of that just dissociated molecule. Collection A collection is the concept that complements the item. A collection is an entity that has at least one part non directly causally connected with the rest. A collection can be partitioned in maximally connected items called members. The members are self-connected entities and there is no direct causality relation between them. The combination of collection and item concepts is the EMMO mereocausality alternative to set theory. However, two items can be members only if they are non direct causally connected, giving some constraints to a collection definition. For example, two entities which are directly connected cannot be two distinct members, while their interiors (i.e. the entities obtained by removing the layer of parts that provides the causal contact between them) can be. The class of not direct causally self-connected world entities. The class of individuals representing causal clusters. The disjoint union of the CausalSystem and Collection classes. With the causal cluster term we address an heterogeneous group of entities, which possess the common feature of having at least two causally non connected quanta. It comprises collections (non self-connected entities) and causal systems (entities extended in space). CausalCluster CausalCluster With the causal cluster term we address an heterogeneous group of entities, which possess the common feature of having at least two causally non connected quanta. It comprises collections (non self-connected entities) and causal systems (entities extended in space). The disjoint union of the CausalSystem and Collection classes. EquivalentTo: Collection or CausalSystem The class of individuals representing causal clusters. 1e-06 0.0 A MicroCoulomb is 10⁻⁶ C. -- QUDT MicroCoulomb MicroCoulomb MicroCoulomb http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroC uC µC A MicroCoulomb is 10⁻⁶ C. -- QUDT T+1 L0 M0 I+1 Θ0 N-1 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricChargePerAmount'. ElectricChargePerAmountUnit ElectricChargePerAmountUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricChargePerAmount'. An interpreter who establish the connection between an index sign and an object according to a causal contiguity. Deducer Someone who deduces an emotional status of a persona according to facial expression. Someone who deduces the occurring of a physical phenomenon through other phenomena. Deducer An interpreter who establish the connection between an index sign and an object according to a causal contiguity. 1e-06 0.0 0.000001-fold of the SI base unit metre divided by the SI base unit kelvin -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit MicroMetrePerKelvin Micrometre Per Kelvin MicroMetrePerKelvin http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroM-PER-K um.K-1 μm/K 0.000001-fold of the SI base unit metre divided by the SI base unit kelvin -- QUDT 1.0 0.0 "Kilogram Square Meter Per Second" is a unit for 'Angular Momentum' expressed as kg-m²-s⁻¹. -- QUDT KilogramSquareMetrePerSecond Kilogram Square Metre Per Second KilogramSquareMetrePerSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloGM-M2-PER-SEC kg.m2.s-1 kg⋅m²/s "Kilogram Square Meter Per Second" is a unit for 'Angular Momentum' expressed as kg-m²-s⁻¹. -- QUDT T-1 L+2 M+1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'AngularMomentum'. AngularMomentumUnit AngularMomentumUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'AngularMomentum'. EMMO entities dimensionality is related to their mereocausal structures. From the no-dimensional quantum entity, we introduce time dimension with the elementary concept, and space with the causal system concept. The EMMO conceptualisation does not allow the existence of space without a temporal dimension, the latter coming from a causal relation between entities. For this reason, the EMMO entities that are not quantum or elementaries, may be considered to be always 4D spatiotemporal entities. Moreover, the combination of mereology and causality used in the EMMO theory (mereocausality) represents entities as direct acyclic graphs with dimension of 4 (i.e., the mereocasual graph can be represented in a 4D euclidian space with edges having unit length). For this reasons, the EMMO can be considered a 4D ontology. The EMMO conceptualises the world using the primitive concepts of causality and parthood. Parthood is about the composition of world entities starting from other more fundamental entities. Causality is about the interactions between world entities. The quantum is the smallest indivisible part of any world entity. Quantum individuals are the fundamental causal constituents of the universe, since it is implied that causality originates from quantum-to-quantum interactions. Quantums are no-dimensional, and their aggregation makes spacetime emerge from their causal structure. We can think of a quantum as an elementary particle after and interaction and before another interaction. Causality between macro entities (i.e. entities made of more than one quantum) is explained as the sum of the causality relations between their quantum constituents. Fundamental interactions (quantum fields) are represented as symmetric causality relation between macro entities, while classical interactions are mediated by chain of quantums (i.e. elementary particles). The fundamental distinction between world entities is causality self-connectedness: a world entity can be self-connected xor not self-connected depending on the causality network of its fundamental components. Void regions do not exist in the EMMO. In other words there is no spacetime without entities and spacetime emerges as relational property not as a self-standing entity). Entities are not placed in space or time: space and time are measured quantities, always relative between entities and are measured. In other words, space and time relations originates from causality interactions. The class of all the OWL individuals representing world entities according to EMMO conceptualisation. The disjoint union of the fundamental mereocausal classes of Quantum, CausalPath, CausalSystem and Collection. EMMO EMMO The EMMO conceptualises the world using the primitive concepts of causality and parthood. Parthood is about the composition of world entities starting from other more fundamental entities. Causality is about the interactions between world entities. The quantum is the smallest indivisible part of any world entity. Quantum individuals are the fundamental causal constituents of the universe, since it is implied that causality originates from quantum-to-quantum interactions. Quantums are no-dimensional, and their aggregation makes spacetime emerge from their causal structure. We can think of a quantum as an elementary particle after and interaction and before another interaction. Causality between macro entities (i.e. entities made of more than one quantum) is explained as the sum of the causality relations between their quantum constituents. Fundamental interactions (quantum fields) are represented as symmetric causality relation between macro entities, while classical interactions are mediated by chain of quantums (i.e. elementary particles). The fundamental distinction between world entities is causality self-connectedness: a world entity can be self-connected xor not self-connected depending on the causality network of its fundamental components. Void regions do not exist in the EMMO. In other words there is no spacetime without entities and spacetime emerges as relational property not as a self-standing entity). Entities are not placed in space or time: space and time are measured quantities, always relative between entities and are measured. In other words, space and time relations originates from causality interactions. The disjoint union of the fundamental mereocausal classes of Quantum, CausalPath, CausalSystem and Collection. DisjointUnion: CausalPath, Collection, Quantum, CausalSystem The class of all the OWL individuals representing world entities according to EMMO conceptualisation. EMMO entities dimensionality is related to their mereocausal structures. From the no-dimensional quantum entity, we introduce time dimension with the elementary concept, and space with the causal system concept. The EMMO conceptualisation does not allow the existence of space without a temporal dimension, the latter coming from a causal relation between entities. For this reason, the EMMO entities that are not quantum or elementaries, may be considered to be always 4D spatiotemporal entities. Moreover, the combination of mereology and causality used in the EMMO theory (mereocausality) represents entities as direct acyclic graphs with dimension of 4 (i.e., the mereocasual graph can be represented in a 4D euclidian space with edges having unit length). For this reasons, the EMMO can be considered a 4D ontology. MatterByType MatterByType Measure of magnetism, taking account of the strength and the extent of a magnetic field. MagneticFlux MagneticFlux http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MagneticFlux https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177831 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=121-11-21 https://dbpedia.org/page/Magnetic_flux 6-22.1 Measure of magnetism, taking account of the strength and the extent of a magnetic field. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_flux https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.M03684 Quantities categorised according to ISO 80000-6. ElectromagneticQuantity ElectromagneticQuantity Quantities categorised according to ISO 80000-6. An item can be classified as an object according to a type ϕ (a ϕ-object) if it's a ϕ all its temporal item parts are also of type ϕ. This conceptualisation tries to catch the persistency of type in the temporal parts of an entity. Indefinitely temporally slicing of an entity leads to temporal parts whose temporal extension is so small that the connectivity relations that define the entity as an item will no longer hold. More generally. a temporal part is no more of type ϕ when the temporal interval is lower than the interval that characterizes the causality interactions between the object parts. In other terms, if the time span of a temporal part is lower than the inverse of the frequency of interactions between the constituents, then the constituents in such temporal part are not connected. The object is no more an object, neither an item, but simply a collection of fundamental quantum parts. For this reason, the definition of object is done by considering only item temporal parts, meaning that slicing in time has the lower limit of a self-connected (i.e. item) entity. The superclass for causal structure classes whose individuals have all temporal item parts of the same type of the whole. Object Continuant Endurant Practically speaking, the Object class can be populated by primitive subclasses (e.g. Car) for each of which holds the axiom that all the item parts are of the same type of the whole (e.g. Car SubClassOf hasTemporalItemPart only Car). The intended usage is not for an individual to belong directly to Object, but to belong to a specific subclass of Object that identifies entities with a type-persistent structure. Object An item can be classified as an object according to a type ϕ (a ϕ-object) if it's a ϕ all its temporal item parts are also of type ϕ. This conceptualisation tries to catch the persistency of type in the temporal parts of an entity. Equivalent To: Constituent or Participant or Status or SubObject The superclass for causal structure classes whose individuals have all temporal item parts of the same type of the whole. Indefinitely temporally slicing of an entity leads to temporal parts whose temporal extension is so small that the connectivity relations that define the entity as an item will no longer hold. More generally. a temporal part is no more of type ϕ when the temporal interval is lower than the interval that characterizes the causality interactions between the object parts. In other terms, if the time span of a temporal part is lower than the inverse of the frequency of interactions between the constituents, then the constituents in such temporal part are not connected. The object is no more an object, neither an item, but simply a collection of fundamental quantum parts. For this reason, the definition of object is done by considering only item temporal parts, meaning that slicing in time has the lower limit of a self-connected (i.e. item) entity. The persistence perspective classifies entities according to the persistence of temporal parts of specifc type, introducing the distiction between objects (when a type is conserved through all its time parts) or processes (where a type is not conserved through all its time parts). This perspective provides classes aimed to represent concepts similar to the ones of endurant and perdurant (a.k.a. continuant and occurrent). However, in the EMMO case, an entity is defined as an object or a process according to a specific type, and not per-se. For this reason an entity in the EMMO can be classified both object or a process depending on the reference type, due to the underlying 4D framework (e.g. an individual may belong both to the class of runners and the class of running process), and the distinction is purely representational. This categorisation has been introduced due to the large use of object/process commonsensical concepts, and the fact that our language distinguish between nouns and verbs to address things, forcing the separation between things that happens and things that persist. The union of the object or process classes. Persistence Persistence EquivalentTo: Process or Object The union of the object or process classes. The persistence perspective classifies entities according to the persistence of temporal parts of specifc type, introducing the distiction between objects (when a type is conserved through all its time parts) or processes (where a type is not conserved through all its time parts). This perspective provides classes aimed to represent concepts similar to the ones of endurant and perdurant (a.k.a. continuant and occurrent). However, in the EMMO case, an entity is defined as an object or a process according to a specific type, and not per-se. For this reason an entity in the EMMO can be classified both object or a process depending on the reference type, due to the underlying 4D framework (e.g. an individual may belong both to the class of runners and the class of running process), and the distinction is purely representational. This categorisation has been introduced due to the large use of object/process commonsensical concepts, and the fact that our language distinguish between nouns and verbs to address things, forcing the separation between things that happens and things that persist. 1.0 0.0 Newton Meter per Radian is the SI unit for Torsion Constant -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit NewtonMetrePerRadian Newton metre per radian NewtonMetrePerRadian http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/N-M-PER-RAD N⋅m/rad Newton Meter per Radian is the SI unit for Torsion Constant -- QUDT A tessellation in which a tile is next for two or more non spatially connected tiles. Join Join https://raw.githubusercontent.com/emmo-repo/EMMO/1.0.0-rc3/doc/figs/Join.png A tessellation in which a tile is next for two or more non spatially connected tiles. A well formed tessellation with tiles that are all temporal. TemporalTiling TemporalTiling https://w3id.org/emmo/raw/1.0.0-rc3/doc/figs/TemporalTile.png A well formed tessellation with tiles that are all temporal. 1.0 0.0 Ohm metre. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit OhmMetre http://www.iso.org/iso/catalogue_detail?csnumber=31897 OhmMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/OHM-M Ohm.m Ω⋅m Ohm metre. T-3 L+3 M+1 I-2 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricResistivity'. ElectricResistivityUnit ElectricResistivityUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricResistivity'. R 1e+27 SI prefix who's value is 1e27. Ronna Ronna SI prefix who's value is 1e27. In a metal, highest occupied energy level at zero thermodynamic temperature, where energy level means the energy of an electron in the interior of a substance. FermiEnergy FermiEnergy https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/FermiEnergy https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q431335 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-06-18 12-27.1 In a metal, highest occupied energy level at zero thermodynamic temperature, where energy level means the energy of an electron in the interior of a substance. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.F02340 A symbolic data is a data that is rooted on some specified symbolic based encoding, such as floating point numbers, strings, integer. When a symbolic data is used for expressing numerical data (e.g., integer), it is not to be intended as a mathematical entity (even if it may be interpreted as such) but as a syntactic structure (datastructures or datatypes) based on concatenated tokens (or symbols, letters) that can deliver data. The class for entities which stands for a specific data format expressed using a symbolic encoding. SymbolicData https://www.w3.org/TR/2012/REC-xmlschema11-2-20120405/#built-in-datatypes https://www.w3.org/TR/rdf11-concepts/ https://www.w3.org/TR/2012/REC-owl2-syntax-20121211/#Datatype_Maps https://www.w3schools.com/xml/schema_dtypes_numeric.asp LiteralData SymbolicData A symbolic data is a data that is rooted on some specified symbolic based encoding, such as floating point numbers, strings, integer. When a symbolic data is used for expressing numerical data (e.g., integer), it is not to be intended as a mathematical entity (even if it may be interpreted as such) but as a syntactic structure (datastructures or datatypes) based on concatenated tokens (or symbols, letters) that can deliver data. DisjointUnionOf: ArrayData, ScalarData The class for entities which stands for a specific data format expressed using a symbolic encoding. Measure for the energy lost by charged particles per traversed distance, including only interactions up to a given energy. LinearEnergyTransfer LinearEnergyTransfer https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/LinearEnergyTransfer https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1699996 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=395-01-30 10-85 Measure for the energy lost by charged particles per traversed distance, including only interactions up to a given energy. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.L03550 A Miixture is a material made up of two or more different substances which are physically (not chemically) combined. Mixture Mixture A Miixture is a material made up of two or more different substances which are physically (not chemically) combined. A continuum is made of a sufficient number of parts that it continues to exists as continuum individual even after the loss of one of them i.e. a continuum is a redundant. A state that is a collection of sufficiently large number of other parts such that: - it is the bearer of qualities that can exists only by the fact that it is a sum of parts - the smallest partition dV of the state volume in which we are interested in, contains enough parts to be statistically consistent: n [#/m3] x dV [m3] >> 1 ContinuumSubstance ContinuumSubstance A state that is a collection of sufficiently large number of other parts such that: - it is the bearer of qualities that can exists only by the fact that it is a sum of parts - the smallest partition dV of the state volume in which we are interested in, contains enough parts to be statistically consistent: n [#/m3] x dV [m3] >> 1 A continuum is made of a sufficient number of parts that it continues to exists as continuum individual even after the loss of one of them i.e. a continuum is a redundant. A continuum is not necessarily small (i.e. composed by the minimum amount of sates to fulfill the definition). A single continuum individual can be the whole fluid in a pipe. A continuum is the bearer of properties that are generated by the interactions of parts such as viscosity and thermal or electrical conductivity. 1.0 0.0 The SI unit of electromagnetic moment. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit AmpereSquareMetre http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/ampere+meter+squared Ampere Square Metre AmpereSquareMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/A-M2 A.m2 A⋅m² The SI unit of electromagnetic moment. -- QUDT T-2 L+3 M+1 I-1 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'MagneticDipoleMoment'. MagneticDipoleMomentUnit MagneticDipoleMomentUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'MagneticDipoleMoment'. 1e-06 0.0 0,001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the 1000-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit GramPerKiloMetre Gram Per Kilometre GramPerKiloMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/GM-PER-KiloM g.km-1 g/km 0,001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the 1000-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT T0 L-1 M+1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'MassPerLength'. MassPerLengthUnit MassPerLengthUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'MassPerLength'. An interpreted computer language for job control in computing. CommandLanguage Unix shell. Batch programming languages. CommandLanguage An interpreted computer language for job control in computing. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Command_language A computer language by which a human can specify an executable problem solution to a computer. ConstructionLanguage ConstructionLanguage A computer language by which a human can specify an executable problem solution to a computer. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_construction#Construction_languages A estimation of a property by a criteria based on the pre-existing knowledge of the estimator. Assignment The Argon gas in my bottle has ionisation energy of 15.7596 eV. This is not measured but assigned to this material by previous knowledge. Assignment A estimation of a property by a criteria based on the pre-existing knowledge of the estimator. A determination of an object without any actual interaction. Estimation Estimation A determination of an object without any actual interaction. At a given point within a domain of quasi-infinitesimal volume V, vector quantity equal to the magnetic area moment m of the substance contained within the domain divided by the volume V. Magnetization Magnetization https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Magnetization https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856711 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=121-11-52 6-24 At a given point within a domain of quasi-infinitesimal volume V, vector quantity equal to the magnetic area moment m of the substance contained within the domain divided by the volume V. 1e-12 0.0 PicoMolePerCubicMetre Picomoles per cubic metre PicoMolePerCubicMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PicoMOL-PER-M3 pmol.m-3 pmol/m³ T0 L-3 M0 I0 Θ0 N+1 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'AmountConcentration'. AmountConcentrationUnit AmountConcentrationUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'AmountConcentration'. Number of donor levels per volume. DonorDensity DonorDensity https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/DonorDensity https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105979886 12-29.4 Number of donor levels per volume. Physical quantity for measuring per volume. ReciprocalVolume ReciprocalVolume Physical quantity for measuring per volume. A quantity whose magnitude is independent of the size of the system. Note that not all physical quantities can be categorised as being either intensive or extensive. For example the square root of the mass. Intensive Temperature Density Pressure ChemicalPotential Intensive A quantity whose magnitude is independent of the size of the system. Heat capacity divided by mass. SpecificHeatCapacity SpecificHeatCapacity https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/SpecificHeatCapacity https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q487756 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-04-48 https://dbpedia.org/page/Specific_heat_capacity 5-16.1 Heat capacity divided by mass. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specific_heat_capacity https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.S05800 A collapse is a fundamental interaction between m colliding particles that results in a single outgoing particle (inverse decay) that is expressed as a complete bipartite directed graph K(m,1) with m>1. Collapse Collapse A collapse is a fundamental interaction between m colliding particles that results in a single outgoing particle (inverse decay) that is expressed as a complete bipartite directed graph K(m,1) with m>1. A causal system that is the representation of a Feynman diagram, where quantum represents the real particles entering and exiting the system. A fundamental physical process is made of one or more standard particles as input, and one or more standard particles as output, where each input is direct cause of each output. Each fundamental physical phenomena refers to a Feynman diagram, hence is made at least of three standard model particles. This requirement implies that a physical phenomena is either a decay, annihilation, interaction, collapse or creation phenomena (fundamental) or a composition of them (non-fundamental). A fundamental system is expressed as a complete bipartite directed graph K(m,n) of quantums, m being the number of originating quantums, and n being the receiving quantums. FundamentalPhysicalSystem FundamentalPhysicalSystem A fundamental physical process is made of one or more standard particles as input, and one or more standard particles as output, where each input is direct cause of each output. Each fundamental physical phenomena refers to a Feynman diagram, hence is made at least of three standard model particles. This requirement implies that a physical phenomena is either a decay, annihilation, interaction, collapse or creation phenomena (fundamental) or a composition of them (non-fundamental). DisjointUnionOf: Collapse, Interaction, Decay A causal system that is the representation of a Feynman diagram, where quantum represents the real particles entering and exiting the system. A fundamental system is expressed as a complete bipartite directed graph K(m,n) of quantums, m being the number of originating quantums, and n being the receiving quantums. A language object is a discrete data entity respecting specific language syntactic rules (a well-formed formula). Language Language A language object is a discrete data entity respecting specific language syntactic rules (a well-formed formula). A discrete data whose elements can be decoded as tokens from one or more alphabets, without necessarily respecting syntactic rules. A symbolic entity is not necessarily graphical (e.g. it doesn't necessarily have the physical shape of a letter), but its elements can be decoded and put in relation with an alphabet. In other words, a sequence of bit "1000010" in a RAM (a non-graphical entity) is a valid symbol since it can be decoded through ASCII rules as the letter "B". The same holds for an entity standing for the sound of a voice saying: "Hello", since it can be decomposed in discrete parts, each of them being associated to a letter of an alphabet. Symbolic fe780 emmo !5*a cat for(i=0;i<N;++i) Symbolic EquivalentTo: SymbolicConstruct or Symbol A discrete data whose elements can be decoded as tokens from one or more alphabets, without necessarily respecting syntactic rules. A symbolic entity is not necessarily graphical (e.g. it doesn't necessarily have the physical shape of a letter), but its elements can be decoded and put in relation with an alphabet. In other words, a sequence of bit "1000010" in a RAM (a non-graphical entity) is a valid symbol since it can be decoded through ASCII rules as the letter "B". The same holds for an entity standing for the sound of a voice saying: "Hello", since it can be decomposed in discrete parts, each of them being associated to a letter of an alphabet. A symbolic object possesses a reductionistic oriented structure. For example, text is made of words, spaces and punctuations. Words are made of characters (i.e. atomic symbols). 50.9415 23 Atom subclass for vanadium. VanadiumAtom VanadiumAtom Atom subclass for vanadium. Product of mass and velocity. Momentum Momentum http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Momentum 4-8 Product of mass and velocity. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.M04007 Differential quotient of the cross section for scattering a particle in a given direction and the solid angle around that direction. DirectionDistributionOfCrossSection DirectionDistributionOfCrossSection https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/AngularCrossSection https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98266630 10-39 Differential quotient of the cross section for scattering a particle in a given direction and the solid angle around that direction. Reciprocal of the thermal resistance. ThermalConductance ThermalConductance https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ThermalConductance https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17176562 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-04-46 5-13 Reciprocal of the thermal resistance. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.T06298 1000000.0 0.0 derived SI unit coulomb divided by the 0.000 001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre by exponent 3 -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit CoulombPerCubicCentiMetre Coulomb Per Cubic Centimetre CoulombPerCubicCentiMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/C-PER-CentiM3 C.cm-3 C/cm3 C/cm³ derived SI unit coulomb divided by the 0.000 001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre by exponent 3 -- QUDT T+1 L-3 M0 I+1 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricChargeDensity'. ElectricChargeDensityUnit ElectricChargeDensityUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricChargeDensity'. `Centimeter Second Degree Celsius` is a C.G.S System unit for 'Length Temperature Time' expressed as cm-s-degC. -- QUDT CentiMetreSecondDegreeCelsius Centimetre Second Degree Celsius CentiMetreSecondDegreeCelsius http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/CentiM-SEC-DEG_C cm.s.Cel-1 cm.s/Cel cm⋅s⋅°C `Centimeter Second Degree Celsius` is a C.G.S System unit for 'Length Temperature Time' expressed as cm-s-degC. -- QUDT Measurement units that are not SI units. NonSIUnit NonSIUnit Measurement units that are not SI units. T+1 L+1 M0 I0 Θ+1 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'LengthTimeTemperature'. LengthTimeTemperatureUnit LengthTimeTemperatureUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'LengthTimeTemperature'. T0 L-1 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'PerLength'. PerLengthUnit PerLengthUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'PerLength'. T-4 L0 M+1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'MassPerQuarticTime'. MassPerQuarticTimeUnit MassPerQuarticTimeUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'MassPerQuarticTime'. A procedure can be considered as an intentional process with a plan. An intentional process in which an agent works with some entities according to some existing formalised operative rules. The set of established forms or methods of an organized body for accomplishing a certain task or tasks (Wiktionary). Procedure Elaboration Work The process in which a control unit of a CPU (the agent) orchestrates some cached binary data according to a list of instructions (e.g. a program). The process in which a librarian order books alphabetically on a shelf. The execution of an algorithm. Procedure The set of established forms or methods of an organized body for accomplishing a certain task or tasks (Wiktionary). An intentional process in which an agent works with some entities according to some existing formalised operative rules. A procedure can be considered as an intentional process with a plan. A logarithmic unit is a unit that can be used to express a quantity (physical or mathematical) on a logarithmic scale, that is, as being proportional to the value of a logarithm function applied to the ratio of the quantity and a reference quantity of the same type. Note that logarithmic units like decibel or neper are not univocally defines, since their definition depends on whether they are used to measure a "power" or a "root-power" quantity. It is advisory to create a uniquely defined subclass these units for concrete usage. LogarithmicUnit Decibel LogarithmicUnit http://qudt.org/schema/qudt/LogarithmicUnit A logarithmic unit is a unit that can be used to express a quantity (physical or mathematical) on a logarithmic scale, that is, as being proportional to the value of a logarithm function applied to the ratio of the quantity and a reference quantity of the same type. Note that logarithmic units like decibel or neper are not univocally defines, since their definition depends on whether they are used to measure a "power" or a "root-power" quantity. It is advisory to create a uniquely defined subclass these units for concrete usage. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logarithmic_scale#Logarithmic_units Negative quotient of Helmholtz energy and temperature. MassieuFunction MassieuFunction https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MassieuFunction https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3077625 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-04-26 5-22 Negative quotient of Helmholtz energy and temperature. A symbol that stands for a concept in the language of the meterological domain of ISO 80000. MetrologicalSymbol MetrologicalSymbol A symbol that stands for a concept in the language of the meterological domain of ISO 80000. A measurement unit symbol that do not have a metric prefix as a direct spatial part. NonPrefixedUnit NonPrefixedUnit EquivalentTo: DerivedUnit or UnitSymbol A measurement unit symbol that do not have a metric prefix as a direct spatial part. SizeDefinedMaterial SizeDefinedMaterial A instance of a material (e.g. nitrogen) can represent any state of matter. The fact that the individual also belongs to other classes (e.g. Gas) would reveal the actual form in which the material is found. The class of individuals standing for an amount of ordinary matter substance (or mixture of substances) in different states of matter or phases. Material Material The class of individuals standing for an amount of ordinary matter substance (or mixture of substances) in different states of matter or phases. A instance of a material (e.g. nitrogen) can represent any state of matter. The fact that the individual also belongs to other classes (e.g. Gas) would reveal the actual form in which the material is found. Material usually means some definite kind, quality, or quantity of matter, especially as intended for use. Encoded data made of more than one datum. DataSet DataSet Encoded data made of more than one datum. A self-consistent encoded data entity. Datum A character, a bit, a song in a CD. Datum A self-consistent encoded data entity. A property that is associated to an object by convention, or assumption. A quantitative property attributed by agreement to a quantity for a given purpose. ConventionalProperty The thermal conductivity of a copper sample in my laboratory can be assumed to be the conductivity that appears in the vendor specification. This value has been obtained by measurement of a sample which is not the one I have in my laboratory. This conductivity value is then a conventional quantitiative property assigned to my sample through a semiotic process in which no actual measurement is done by my laboratory. If I don't believe the vendor, then I can measure the actual thermal conductivity. I then perform a measurement process that semiotically assign another value for the conductivity, which is a measured property, since is part of a measurement process. Then I have two different physical quantities that are properties thanks to two different semiotic processes. ConventionalProperty A quantitative property attributed by agreement to a quantity for a given purpose. 1.0 0.0 `Kelvin per Square Second` is a unit for 'Temperature Per Time Squared' expressed as K / s². -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit KelvinPerSquareSecond Kelvin per Square Second KelvinPerSquareSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/K-PER-SEC2 K.s-2 K/s^2 K/s² `Kelvin per Square Second` is a unit for 'Temperature Per Time Squared' expressed as K / s². -- QUDT Lv The symbol that stands for the livermorium atom. LivermoriumSymbol LivermoriumSymbol The symbol that stands for the livermorium atom. 0.001 0.0 0,01-fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the SI base unit mol -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit GramPerMole Gram Per Mole GramPerMole http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/GM-PER-MOL g.mol-1 g/mol 0,01-fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the SI base unit mol -- QUDT T0 L0 M+1 I0 Θ0 N-1 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'MassPerAmount'. MassPerAmountUnit MassPerAmountUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'MassPerAmount'. A system of independent elements that are assembled together to perform a function. Assembled Assembled A system of independent elements that are assembled together to perform a function. A system which is mainly characterised by the spatial configuration of its elements. HolisticArrangement HolisticArrangement A system which is mainly characterised by the spatial configuration of its elements. 1000.0 0.0 1 000-fold of the SI derived unit volt -- QUDT KiloVolt KiloVolt http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloV kV kV 1 000-fold of the SI derived unit volt -- QUDT T-3 L+2 M+1 I-1 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricPotential'. ElectricPotentialUnit ElectricPotentialUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricPotential'. 1000000.0 0.0 1,000,000-fold of the derived unit pascal -- QUDT MegaPascal MegaPascal http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MegaPA MPa MPa 1,000,000-fold of the derived unit pascal -- QUDT 164.93033 67 Atom subclass for holmium. HolmiumAtom HolmiumAtom Atom subclass for holmium. A non-elementary particle (bonded) of a fundamental bosonic type (integer spin). CompositeBoson Examples of composite particles with integer spin: spin 0: H1 and He4 in ground state, pion spin 1: H1 and He4 in first excited state, meson spin 2: O15 in ground state. CompositeBoson A non-elementary particle (bonded) of a fundamental bosonic type (integer spin). A composite particle is a bonded particle for which it is possible to clearly define its bosonic or fermionic behaviour. The term particle is then reserved for entities whose fermionic or bosonic nature is clearly defined. BondedParticle BondedParticle A composite particle is a bonded particle for which it is possible to clearly define its bosonic or fermionic behaviour. The term particle is then reserved for entities whose fermionic or bosonic nature is clearly defined. DisjointUnionOf: CompositeBoson, CompositeFermion A physical particle with integer spin that follows Bose–Einstein statistics. Boson Boson A physical particle with integer spin that follows Bose–Einstein statistics. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boson A non-elementary particle (bonded) of a fundamental fermionic type (half-integer spin). CompositeFermion Examples of composite particles with half-integer spin: spin 1/2: He3 in ground state, proton, neutron spin 3/2: He5 in ground state, Delta baryons (excitations of the proton and neutron) CompositeFermion A non-elementary particle (bonded) of a fundamental fermionic type (half-integer spin). An elementary particle of a fundamental bosonic type. ElementaryBoson ElementaryBoson An elementary particle of a fundamental bosonic type. 1.0 0.0 Cubic Meter Per Kilogram (m3/kg) is a unit in the category of Specific volume. It is also known as cubic meters per kilogram, cubic metre per kilogram, cubic metres per kilogram, cubic meter/kilogram, cubic metre/kilogram. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Cubic Meter Per Kilogram (m3/kg) has a dimension of M-1L3 where M is mass, and L is length. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit CubicMetrePerKilogram Cubic Metre per Kilogram CubicMetrePerKilogram http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M3-PER-KiloGM m3.kg-1 m3/kg m³/kg Cubic Meter Per Kilogram (m3/kg) is a unit in the category of Specific volume. It is also known as cubic meters per kilogram, cubic metre per kilogram, cubic metres per kilogram, cubic meter/kilogram, cubic metre/kilogram. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Cubic Meter Per Kilogram (m3/kg) has a dimension of M-1L3 where M is mass, and L is length. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT T0 L+3 M-1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'VolumePerMass'. VolumePerMassUnit VolumePerMassUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'VolumePerMass'. Vector quantity obtained at a given point by adding the electric polarization P to the product of the electric field strength E and the electric constant ε0. ElectricFluxDensity ElectricDisplacement ElectricFluxDensity https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ElectricDisplacementField https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q371907 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=121-11-40 6-12 Vector quantity obtained at a given point by adding the electric polarization P to the product of the electric field strength E and the electric constant ε0. CentrifugalCasting CentrifugalCasting Casting Casting 262.11 103 Atom subclass for lawrencium. LawrenciumAtom LawrenciumAtom Atom subclass for lawrencium. 1.0 0.0 A cubic metre per second (m³s⁻¹, m³/s), cumecs or cubic meter per second in American English) is a derived SI unit of flow rate equal to that of a stere or cube with sides of one metre ( u0303 39.37 in) in length exchanged or moving each second. It is popularly used for water flow, especially in rivers and streams, and fractions for HVAC values measuring air flow. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit CubicMetrePerSecond Cubic Metre per Second CubicMetrePerSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M3-PER-SEC m3.s-1 m3/s m³/s A cubic metre per second (m³s⁻¹, m³/s), cumecs or cubic meter per second in American English) is a derived SI unit of flow rate equal to that of a stere or cube with sides of one metre ( u0303 39.37 in) in length exchanged or moving each second. It is popularly used for water flow, especially in rivers and streams, and fractions for HVAC values measuring air flow. -- QUDT T-1 L+3 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'VolumePerTime'. VolumePerTimeUnit VolumePerTimeUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'VolumePerTime'. Quantity representing the spatial distribution of mass in a continuous material. Density MassConcentration MassDensity Density http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Density Mass per volume. 4-2 9-10 Quantity representing the spatial distribution of mass in a continuous material. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.D01590 MergingManufacturing AddingManufacturing MergingManufacturing A manufacturing with an output that is an object with a specific function, shape, or intended use, not simply a material. WorkpieceManufacturing DIN 8580:2020 ISO 15531-1:2004 discrete manufacturing: production of discrete items. ISO 8887-1:2017 manufacturing: production of components DiscreteManufacturing Werkstücke WorkpieceManufacturing A manufacturing with an output that is an object with a specific function, shape, or intended use, not simply a material. Quotient of linear attenuation coefficient µ and the amount c of the medium. MolarAttenuationCoefficient MolarAttenuationCoefficient https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98592828 10-51 Quotient of linear attenuation coefficient µ and the amount c of the medium. Collective agency occurs when two or more individuals act as a group, in accordance with certain principles or procedures that constitute and organize the group. The group acting collectively is intended to be represented as an item, meaning that all members of the group should have had at least one causal interaction with another member. The collective action in fact is taken in accordance with certain principles or procedures that constitute and organize the group itself that requires implicitly a causal interaction between members. CollectiveAgency CollectiveAgency Collective agency occurs when two or more individuals act as a group, in accordance with certain principles or procedures that constitute and organize the group. The group acting collectively is intended to be represented as an item, meaning that all members of the group should have had at least one causal interaction with another member. The collective action in fact is taken in accordance with certain principles or procedures that constitute and organize the group itself that requires implicitly a causal interaction between members. IntentionalAgencyByKind IntentionalAgencyByKind A semiotic process that assigns a sign by recognising an object by how it resemble or imitate what the sign stands for, in shape, function or by sharing a similar logical structure. Cognition IconSemiosis Cognition A semiotic process that assigns a sign by recognising an object by how it resemble or imitate what the sign stands for, in shape, function or by sharing a similar logical structure. A formal computer-interpretable identifier of a system resource. ResourceIdentifier ResourceIdentifier A formal computer-interpretable identifier of a system resource. Information is data with a meaning (semiotic sign). The General Definition of Information (GDI) can be used to define the concept of information. (GDI) a is an instance of information, understood as semantic content, if and only if: GDI.l) a consists of n data, for n > 1; GDI.2) the data are well formed; GDI.3) the well-formed data are meaningful. In the EMMO conceptualisation, well-formed data are data with a specific syntactic structure (symbolic and reductionistic modules), while meaningful data are data that are part of a semiotic interpretation process that declares what the data are about (semiotic module). Information Information The General Definition of Information (GDI) can be used to define the concept of information. (GDI) a is an instance of information, understood as semantic content, if and only if: GDI.l) a consists of n data, for n > 1; GDI.2) the data are well formed; GDI.3) the well-formed data are meaningful. In the EMMO conceptualisation, well-formed data are data with a specific syntactic structure (symbolic and reductionistic modules), while meaningful data are data that are part of a semiotic interpretation process that declares what the data are about (semiotic module). Information is data with a meaning (semiotic sign). A well-formed formula in computer science may be or not be interpreted by a computer. For example pseudo-code is only intended for human consumption. A well-formed formula that follows the syntactic rules of computer science. ComputerScience ComputerScience A well-formed formula that follows the syntactic rules of computer science. A well-formed formula in computer science may be or not be interpreted by a computer. For example pseudo-code is only intended for human consumption. Logarithmic measure of the number of available states of a system. May also be referred to as a measure of order of a system. Entropy Entropy http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Entropy 5-18 Logarithmic measure of the number of available states of a system. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.E02149 Be The symbol that stands for the beryllium atom. BerylliumSymbol BerylliumSymbol The symbol that stands for the beryllium atom. 1.0 0.0 In photometry, the lumen second is the SI derived unit of luminous energy. It is based on the lumen, the SI unit of luminous flux, and the second, the SI base unit of time. The lumen second is sometimes called the talbot (symbol T). An older name for the lumen second was the lumberg. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit LumenSecond lumen second LumenSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/LM-SEC lm.s lm⋅s In photometry, the lumen second is the SI derived unit of luminous energy. It is based on the lumen, the SI unit of luminous flux, and the second, the SI base unit of time. The lumen second is sometimes called the talbot (symbol T). An older name for the lumen second was the lumberg. -- QUDT 1.0 0.0 0,001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the 0.001-fold the SI base unit meter -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit GramPerMilliMetre Gram Per Millimetre GramPerMilliMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/GM-PER-MilliM g.mm-1 g/mm 0,001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the 0.001-fold the SI base unit meter -- QUDT 157.25 64 Atom subclass for gadolinium. GadoliniumAtom GadoliniumAtom Atom subclass for gadolinium. A program is a sequence of instructions understandable by a computer's central processing unit (CPU) that indicates which operations the computer should perform on a set of data. A set of instructions that tell a computer what to do. Program Executable Program A set of instructions that tell a computer what to do. A program is a sequence of instructions understandable by a computer's central processing unit (CPU) that indicates which operations the computer should perform on a set of data. All or part of the programs, procedures, rules, and associated documentation of an information processing system. Software is usually used as a generic term for programs. However, in its broadest sense it can refer to all information (i.e., both programs and data) in electronic form and can provide a distinction from hardware, which refers to computers or other electronic systems on which software can exist and be use. Here we explicitly include in the definition also all the data (e.g. source code, script files) that takes part to the building of the executable, are necessary to the execution of a program or that document it for the users. Software Software All or part of the programs, procedures, rules, and associated documentation of an information processing system. Software is usually used as a generic term for programs. However, in its broadest sense it can refer to all information (i.e., both programs and data) in electronic form and can provide a distinction from hardware, which refers to computers or other electronic systems on which software can exist and be use. Here we explicitly include in the definition also all the data (e.g. source code, script files) that takes part to the building of the executable, are necessary to the execution of a program or that document it for the users. 1.0 0.0 0,001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the 0.001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit GramPerCubicDeciMetre Gram Per Cubic Decimetre GramPerCubicDeciMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/GM-PER-DeciM3 g.dm-3 g/dm³ 0,001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the 0.001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT T0 L-3 M+1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'Density'. DensityUnit DensityUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'Density'. 1.0 0.0 SI derived unit siemens divided by the SI base unit metre. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit SiemensPerMetre Siemens Per Metre SiemensPerMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/S-PER-M S.m-1 S/m S/m SI derived unit siemens divided by the SI base unit metre. -- QUDT 54.938044 25 Atom subclass for manganese. ManganeseAtom ManganeseAtom Atom subclass for manganese. A scripting language developed specifically for an application, so that it's usage and interpretation is limited in this context. ApplicationSpecificScript Scripting file for the execution of modelling software such as LAMMPS, OpenFOAM, or for general purpose platforms such as MATLAB or Mathematica. ApplicationSpecificScript A scripting language developed specifically for an application, so that it's usage and interpretation is limited in this context. A programming language that is executed through runtime interpretation. ScriptingLanguage ScriptingLanguage A programming language that is executed through runtime interpretation. 1.0 0.0 The SI unit of exposure rate -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit CoulombPerKilogramSecond http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Basic_Physics_of_Nuclear_Medicine/Units_of_Radiation_Measurement Coulomb Per Kilogram Second CoulombPerKilogramSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/C-PER-KiloGM-SEC C.kg-1.s-1 C/(kg.s) C/kg⋅s The SI unit of exposure rate -- QUDT T0 L0 M-1 I+1 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricCurrentPerMass'. ElectricCurrentPerMassUnit ElectricCurrentPerMassUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricCurrentPerMass'. 35.45 17 Atom subclass for chlorine. ChlorineAtom ChlorineAtom Atom subclass for chlorine. 149597900000.0 au An astronomical unit (abbreviated as AU, au, a.u., or ua) is a unit of length equal to 149,597,870,700 metres (92,955,807.273 mi) or approximately the mean Earth Sun distance. The symbol ua is recommended by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures, and the international standard ISO 80000, while au is recommended by the International Astronomical Union, and is more common in Anglosphere countries. In general, the International System of Units only uses capital letters for the symbols of units which are named after individual scientists, while au or a.u. can also mean atomic unit or even arbitrary unit. However, the use of AU to refer to the astronomical unit is widespread. The astronomical constant whose value is one astronomical unit is referred to as unit distance and is given the symbol A. [Wikipedia] -- QUDT One astronomical unit is defined as exactly 149597870700 m, which is roughly the distance from earth to sun. AstronomicalUnit astronomical-unit AstronomicalUnit A12 https://qudt.org/vocab/unit/AU AU http://dbpedia.org/page/Astronomical_unit One astronomical unit is defined as exactly 149597870700 m, which is roughly the distance from earth to sun. AU au An astronomical unit (abbreviated as AU, au, a.u., or ua) is a unit of length equal to 149,597,870,700 metres (92,955,807.273 mi) or approximately the mean Earth Sun distance. The symbol ua is recommended by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures, and the international standard ISO 80000, while au is recommended by the International Astronomical Union, and is more common in Anglosphere countries. In general, the International System of Units only uses capital letters for the symbols of units which are named after individual scientists, while au or a.u. can also mean atomic unit or even arbitrary unit. However, the use of AU to refer to the astronomical unit is widespread. The astronomical constant whose value is one astronomical unit is referred to as unit distance and is given the symbol A. [Wikipedia] -- QUDT http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomical_unit mol The mole, symbol mol, is the SI unit of amount of substance. One mole contains exactly 6.022 140 76 × 1023 elementary entities. This number is the fixed numerical value of the Avogadro constant, NA, when expressed in the unit mol−1 and is called the Avogadro number. The amount of substance, symbol n, of a system is a measure of the number of specified elementary entities. An elementary entity may be an atom, a molecule, an ion, an electron, any other particle or specified group of particles. Mole Mole C34 http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MOL mol http://dbpedia.org/resource/Mole_%28unit%29 The mole, symbol mol, is the SI unit of amount of substance. One mole contains exactly 6.022 140 76 × 1023 elementary entities. This number is the fixed numerical value of the Avogadro constant, NA, when expressed in the unit mol−1 and is called the Avogadro number. The amount of substance, symbol n, of a system is a measure of the number of specified elementary entities. An elementary entity may be an atom, a molecule, an ion, an electron, any other particle or specified group of particles. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mole_(unit) https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.M03980 The base units in the SI system. SIBaseUnit https://www.bipm.org/utils/common/pdf/si-brochure/SI-Brochure-9-EN.pdf SIBaseUnit The base units in the SI system. T0 L0 M0 I0 Θ0 N+1 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'Amount'. AmountUnit AmountUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'Amount'. d 0.1 SI prefix who's value is 1/10. Deci Deci SI prefix who's value is 1/10. C SI unit for electric charge. The SI unit of electric charge. One coulomb is the amount of charge accumulated in one second by a current of one ampere. Electricity is actually a flow of charged particles, such as electrons, protons, or ions. The charge on one of these particles is a whole-number multiple of the charge e on a single electron, and one coulomb represents a charge of approximately 6.241 506 x 1018 e. The coulomb is named for a French physicist, Charles-Augustin de Coulomb (1736-1806), who was the first to measure accurately the forces exerted between electric charges. -- QUDT Coulomb Coulomb COU http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/C C http://dbpedia.org/resource/Coulomb SI unit for electric charge. The SI unit of electric charge. One coulomb is the amount of charge accumulated in one second by a current of one ampere. Electricity is actually a flow of charged particles, such as electrons, protons, or ions. The charge on one of these particles is a whole-number multiple of the charge e on a single electron, and one coulomb represents a charge of approximately 6.241 506 x 1018 e. The coulomb is named for a French physicist, Charles-Augustin de Coulomb (1736-1806), who was the first to measure accurately the forces exerted between electric charges. -- QUDT http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coulomb?oldid=491815163 https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.C01365 Apparent admittance is often denoted by Y . quotient of the rms value of the electric current in a two-terminal element or a two-terminal circuit by the rms value of the voltage between its terminals. ModulusOfAdmittance ModulusOfAdmittance https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ModulusOfAdmittance https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79466359 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=131-12-52 6-52.4 quotient of the rms value of the electric current in a two-terminal element or a two-terminal circuit by the rms value of the voltage between its terminals. Apparent admittance is often denoted by Y . Inverse of 'ElectricalResistance'. Measure of the ease for electric current to pass through a material. ElectricConductance Conductance ElectricConductance http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Conductance https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309017 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=131-12-06 6-47 Measure of the ease for electric current to pass through a material. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.E01925 An holistic temporal part of a whole. TemporalRole HolisticTemporalPart TemporalRole An holistic temporal part of a whole. The superclass for all classes that categorise roles according to that fact that they are temporal or non-temporal parts of the whole. RoleBySpatiotemporal RoleBySpatiotemporal The superclass for all classes that categorise roles according to that fact that they are temporal or non-temporal parts of the whole. 1.660539e-27 0.0 Da One dalton is defined as one twelfth of the mass of an unbound neutral atom of carbon-12 in its nuclear and electronic ground state. The unified atomic mass unit (symbol: μ) or dalton (symbol: Da) is a unit that is used for indicating mass on an atomic or molecular scale. It is defined as one twelfth of the rest mass of an unbound atom of carbon-12 in its nuclear and electronic ground state, and has a value of 1.660538782(83) × 10⁻²⁷ kg. One Da is approximately equal to the mass of one proton or one neutron. The CIPM have categorised it as a "non-SI unit whose values in SI units must be obtained experimentally". -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit Dalton AtomicMassUnit Dalton D43 http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/Da u http://dbpedia.org/page/Unified_atomic_mass_unit One dalton is defined as one twelfth of the mass of an unbound neutral atom of carbon-12 in its nuclear and electronic ground state. amu The unified atomic mass unit (symbol: μ) or dalton (symbol: Da) is a unit that is used for indicating mass on an atomic or molecular scale. It is defined as one twelfth of the rest mass of an unbound atom of carbon-12 in its nuclear and electronic ground state, and has a value of 1.660538782(83) × 10⁻²⁷ kg. One Da is approximately equal to the mass of one proton or one neutron. The CIPM have categorised it as a "non-SI unit whose values in SI units must be obtained experimentally". -- QUDT http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_mass_unit https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.D01514 ChemicalSymbol ChemicalSymbol Subclasses of 'Symbol' are alphabets, in formal languages terminology. A 'Symbol' is atomic for that alphabet, i.e. it has no parts that are symbols for the same alphabet. e.g. a math symbol is not made of other math symbols A Symbol may be a String in another language. e.g. "Bq" is the symbol for Becquerel units when dealing with metrology, or a string of "B" and "q" symbols when dealing with characters. The class of individuals that stand for an elementary mark of a specific symbolic code (alphabet). Symbol AlphabeticEntity A letter, a number, a punctuation sign, a space, an UTF-8 character. The class of letter "A" is the symbol as idea and the letter A that you see on the screen is the mark that can be represented by an individual belonging to "A". Symbol The class of individuals that stand for an elementary mark of a specific symbolic code (alphabet). Subclasses of 'Symbol' are alphabets, in formal languages terminology. A 'Symbol' is atomic for that alphabet, i.e. it has no parts that are symbols for the same alphabet. e.g. a math symbol is not made of other math symbols A Symbol may be a String in another language. e.g. "Bq" is the symbol for Becquerel units when dealing with metrology, or a string of "B" and "q" symbols when dealing with characters. Symbols of a formal language need not be symbols of anything. For instance there are logical constants which do not refer to any idea, but rather serve as a form of punctuation in the language (e.g. parentheses). Symbols of a formal language must be capable of being specified without any reference to any interpretation of them. (Wikipedia) The class is the idea of the symbol, while the individual of that class stands for a specific mark (or token) of that idea. A language object that follows the syntactic rules used in the chemical field. Chemical Chemical A language object that follows the syntactic rules used in the chemical field. T0 L-2 M+1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'AreaDensity'. AreaDensityUnit AreaDensityUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'AreaDensity'. Defines the Candela base unit in the SI system. The luminous efficacy of monochromatic radiation of frequency 540 × 10 12 Hz, K cd , is a technical constant that gives an exact numerical relationship between the purely physical characteristics of the radiant power stimulating the human eye (W) and its photobiological response defined by the luminous flux due to the spectral responsivity of a standard observer (lm) at a frequency of 540 × 10 12 hertz. LuminousEfficacyOf540THzRadiation LuminousEfficacyOf540THzRadiation The luminous efficacy of monochromatic radiation of frequency 540 × 10 12 Hz, K cd , is a technical constant that gives an exact numerical relationship between the purely physical characteristics of the radiant power stimulating the human eye (W) and its photobiological response defined by the luminous flux due to the spectral responsivity of a standard observer (lm) at a frequency of 540 × 10 12 hertz. Physical constant that by definition (after the latest revision of the SI system that was enforsed May 2019) has a known exact numerical value when expressed in SI units. SIExactConstant SIExactConstant Physical constant that by definition (after the latest revision of the SI system that was enforsed May 2019) has a known exact numerical value when expressed in SI units. 1e-06 0.0 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit farad divided by the SI base unit metre. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit MicroFaradPerMetre Microfarad Per Metre MicroFaradPerMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroFARAD-PER-M uF.m-1 μF/m 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit farad divided by the SI base unit metre. -- QUDT T+4 L-3 M-1 I+2 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'Permittivity'. PermittivityUnit PermittivityUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'Permittivity'. Eu The symbol that stands for the europium atom. EuropiumSymbol EuropiumSymbol The symbol that stands for the europium atom. 1000000000.0 0.0 Watt per square metre and nanometre and steradian unit. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit WattPerSquareMetrePerNanoMetrePerSteradian WattPerSquareMetrePerNanoMetrePerSteradian http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/W-PER-M2-NanoM-SR W.m-2.nm-1.sr-1 W/m²⋅nm⋅sr Watt per square metre and nanometre and steradian unit. T-3 L-1 M+1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'PressurePerTime'. PressurePerTimeUnit PressurePerTimeUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'PressurePerTime'. Sum of the kinetic energy of the α-particle produced in the disintegration process and the recoil energy of the product atom in a reference frame in which the emitting nucleus is at rest before its disintegration. AlphaDisintegrationEnergy AlphaDisintegrationEnergy http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/AlphaDisintegrationEnergy https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98146025 10-32 Sum of the kinetic energy of the α-particle produced in the disintegration process and the recoil energy of the product atom in a reference frame in which the emitting nucleus is at rest before its disintegration. Written as pOH number quantifying the acidic or the alkaline character of a solution, equal to the negative of the decimal logarithm of ion activity aOH- of the hydroxide anion OH- pH = −10 log(a_OH-) POH POH number quantifying the acidic or the alkaline character of a solution, equal to the negative of the decimal logarithm of ion activity aOH- of the hydroxide anion OH- pH = −10 log(a_OH-) Normally a standard solution is a solution of the ion at a molality of 1 mol/kg (exactly). Standardized conditions are normally 1013,25 hPa and 25 °C. The correction factor is called activity coefficient and it is determined experimentally. See ActivityCoefficient ratio of the product of ion molality b and a correction factor γ to the molality b° of the same ion in a standard solution under standardized conditions: a = bγ / b°. IonActivity IonActivity https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-01-20 ratio of the product of ion molality b and a correction factor γ to the molality b° of the same ion in a standard solution under standardized conditions: a = bγ / b°. At about 25 °C aqueous solutions with: pH < 7 are acidic; pH = 7 are neutral; pH > 7 are alkaline. At temperatures far from 25 °C the pH of a neutral solution differs significantly from 7. Number quantifying the acidic or the alkaline character of a solution, equal to the negative of the decimal logarithm of ion activity aH+ of the hydrogen cation H+ pH = −10 log(a_H+). Written as pH PH PH https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-01-21 For more details, see ISO 80000-9:2009, Annex C Number quantifying the acidic or the alkaline character of a solution, equal to the negative of the decimal logarithm of ion activity aH+ of the hydrogen cation H+ pH = −10 log(a_H+). https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.P04524 1000.0 0.0 A unit in the category of specific area. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit SquareMetrePerGram Square metres per gram SquareMetrePerGram http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M2-PER-GM m2.g-1 m²/g A unit in the category of specific area. T0 L+2 M-1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'AreaPerMass'. AreaPerMassUnit AreaPerMassUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'AreaPerMass'. A manufacturing in which material is removed from the workpiece in the form of chips. Machining RemovingChipsFromWorkpiece Machining A manufacturing in which material is removed from the workpiece in the form of chips. DefinedEdgeCutting Machining in which a tool is used whose number of cutting edges, geometry of the cutting wedges and position of the cutting edges in relation to the workpiece are determined Spanen mit geometrisch bestimmten Schneiden DefinedEdgeCutting 1.0 0.0 Joule per kilogram and Kelvin and Pascal. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit JoulePerKilogramKelvinPerPascal JoulePerKilogramKelvinPerPascal http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/J-PER-KiloGM-K-PA J.kg-1.K-1.Pa-1 J/(kg⋅K⋅Pa) Joule per kilogram and Kelvin and Pascal. Coercive field strength in a substance when either the magnetic flux density or the magnetic polarization and magnetization is brought from its value at magnetic saturation to zero by monotonic reduction of the applied magnetic field strength. Coercivity Coercivity https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Coercivity https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432635 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=121-12-69 6-31 Coercive field strength in a substance when either the magnetic flux density or the magnetic polarization and magnetization is brought from its value at magnetic saturation to zero by monotonic reduction of the applied magnetic field strength. T+1 L-3 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'TimePerVolume'. TimePerVolumeUnit TimePerVolumeUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'TimePerVolume'. An iterative workflow which is a task of a larger workflow. IterativeTask A Jacobi method, involving the iterative multiplication between a matrix A and a vector x, which is part of larger workflow for the solution of a partial differential equation using finite differences. IterativeTask https://w3id.org/emmo/raw/1.0.0-rc3/doc/figs/IterativeWorkflow.png An iterative workflow which is a task of a larger workflow. TaskByFlow TaskByFlow A task in a workflow, categorised by how it is connected to other tasks. A workflow whose steps are the repetition of the same task type. IterativeWorkflow IterativeWorkflow https://w3id.org/emmo/raw/1.0.0-rc3/doc/figs/IterativeWorkflow.png A workflow whose steps are the repetition of the same task type. Method of joining metallic materials with the aid of a molten filler metal (solder), optionally with the use of flow agents Soldering Löten Soldering A manufacturing involving the creation of long-term connection of several workpieces. The permanent joining or other bringing together of two or more workpieces of a geometric shape or of similar workpieces with shapeless material. In each case, the cohesion is created locally and increased as a whole. JoinManufacturing DIN 8580:2020 Fügen JoinManufacturing A manufacturing involving the creation of long-term connection of several workpieces. 1e-09 0.0 0.000000001-fold of the SI derived unit henry divided by the SI base unit metre -- QUDT NanoHenryPerMetre Nanohenry Per Metre NanoHenryPerMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/NanoH-PER-M nH.m-1 nH/m 0.000000001-fold of the SI derived unit henry divided by the SI base unit metre -- QUDT T-2 L+1 M+1 I-2 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'Permeability'. PermeabilityUnit PermeabilityUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'Permeability'. A mereological fusion is any entity that is made up of two or more quantum entities, regardless of the fact that they are or not self-connected. It captures the idea of set, but excluding singletons. The class of individuals representing mereological fusions consisting of two or more quantum entities. The union of the CausalCluster and CausalStructure classes. Fusion An atom, a group of persons, a fluid. Fusion A mereological fusion is any entity that is made up of two or more quantum entities, regardless of the fact that they are or not self-connected. It captures the idea of set, but excluding singletons. The union of the CausalCluster and CausalStructure classes. EquivalentTo: CausalCluster or CausalStructure The class of individuals representing mereological fusions consisting of two or more quantum entities. action to disassemble a product or a component by removing all or some of its constituent parts with the intent to salvage Dismantling Demontage Dismantling action to disassemble a product or a component by removing all or some of its constituent parts with the intent to salvage A manufacturing process in which the shape of a workpiece is changed by breaking the material cohesion at the processing point and thus the material cohesion is reduced overall. SeparateManufacturing DIN 8580:2020 CuttingManufacturing Trennen SeparateManufacturing A manufacturing process in which the shape of a workpiece is changed by breaking the material cohesion at the processing point and thus the material cohesion is reduced overall. 0.001 0.0 Unavailable. -- QUDT NanoMolePerMicroMole Nanomoles per micromole NanoMolePerMicroMole http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/NanoMOL-PER-MicroMOL nmol.umol-1 nmol/µmol Unavailable. -- QUDT Unit for quantities of dimension one that are the fraction of two amount of substance. AmountFractionUnit Unit for amount fraction. AmountFractionUnit Unit for quantities of dimension one that are the fraction of two amount of substance. A graphical object aimed to represent schematically the conceptual, temporal or spatial structure of another object, that may or may not exist. Representation Representation A graphical object aimed to represent schematically the conceptual, temporal or spatial structure of another object, that may or may not exist. A 'Perceptual' which stands for a real world object whose spatial configuration results from an explicit graphical procedure and shows an identifiable pattern. This concept includes only things that are purposely created by an agent. Graphical 'Graphical' objects include writings, pictures, sketches ... Graphical A 'Perceptual' which stands for a real world object whose spatial configuration results from an explicit graphical procedure and shows an identifiable pattern. This concept includes only things that are purposely created by an agent. An atom_based state defined by an exact number of e-bonded atomic species and an electron cloud made of the shared electrons. An entity is called essential if removing one direct part will lead to a change in entity class. An entity is called redundant if removing one direct part will not lead to a change in entity class. Molecule ChemicalSubstance H₂0, C₆H₁₂O₆, CH₄ Molecule DisjointUnionOf: Heteronuclear, Homonuclear An atom_based state defined by an exact number of e-bonded atomic species and an electron cloud made of the shared electrons. An entity is called essential if removing one direct part will lead to a change in entity class. An entity is called redundant if removing one direct part will not lead to a change in entity class. This definition states that this object is a non-periodic set of atoms or a set with a finite periodicity. Removing an atom from the state will result in another type of atom_based state. e.g. you cannot remove H from H₂0 without changing the molecule type (essential). However, you can remove a C from a nanotube (redundant). C60 fullerene is a molecule, since it has a finite periodicity and is made of a well defined number of atoms (essential). A C nanotube is not a molecule, since it has an infinite periodicity (redundant). Exponent Exponent AlgebraicOperator AlgebraicOperator 0.01 0.0 A centimole 0.01 N. CentiMole centimole CentiMole http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/CentiMOL cmol A centimole 0.01 N. A language object that follows syntactic rules of a programming language. A programming language object can also be a fragment (e.g. a C function) not suitable for exectution. ProgrammingLanguage Code SoftwareCode ProgrammingLanguage A language object that follows syntactic rules of a programming language. A programming language object can also be a fragment (e.g. a C function) not suitable for exectution. Entities are not necessarily digital data, but can be code fragments printed on paper. In nuclear physics, product of the number density of atoms of a given type and the cross section. VolumicCrossSection MacroscopicCrossSection VolumicCrossSection https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MacroscopicCrossSection https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98280520 10-42.1 In nuclear physics, product of the number density of atoms of a given type and the cross section. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.M03674 1.0 0.0 "Kilogram Meter Per Second" is a unit for 'Linear Momentum' expressed as kg-m/s. -- QUDT KilogramMetrePerSecond Kilogram Metre Per Second KilogramMetrePerSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloGM-M-PER-SEC kg.m.s-1 kg.m/s kg⋅m/s "Kilogram Meter Per Second" is a unit for 'Linear Momentum' expressed as kg-m/s. -- QUDT A meson with spin zero and even parity. ScalarMeson ScalarMeson A meson with spin zero and even parity. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scalar_meson Hadronic subatomic particles composed of an equal number of quarks and antiquarks bound together by strong interactions. Most mesons are composed of one quark and one antiquark. Meson Meson EquivalentTo: PseudoscalarMeson or VectorMeson or ScalarMeson or PseudovectorMeson or TensorMeson Hadronic subatomic particles composed of an equal number of quarks and antiquarks bound together by strong interactions. Most mesons are composed of one quark and one antiquark. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meson Differential quotient of N with respect to time, where N is the number of particles being emitted from an infinitesimally small volume element in the time interval of duration dt, and dt. ParticleEmissionRate ParticleEmissionRate https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98153151 10-36 Differential quotient of N with respect to time, where N is the number of particles being emitted from an infinitesimally small volume element in the time interval of duration dt, and dt. A quantity defined as the inverse of time. ReciprocalDuration InverseDuration InverseTime ReciprocalTime Frequency or rate. ReciprocalDuration https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/InverseTime https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98690850 A quantity defined as the inverse of time. 1000000000000.0 0.0 A TeraCoulomb is 10¹² C. -- QUDT TeraCoulomb TeraCoulomb TeraCoulomb http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/TeraC TC TC A TeraCoulomb is 10¹² C. -- QUDT 1e-21 0.0 A ZeptoCoulomb is 10⁻²¹ C. -- QUDT ZeptoCoulomb ZeptoCoulomb ZeptoCoulomb http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/ZeptoC zC zC A ZeptoCoulomb is 10⁻²¹ C. -- QUDT 1e-21 Superclass for all units prefixed with "zepto" (1e-21). ZeptoPrefixedUnit ZeptoPrefixedUnit Superclass for all units prefixed with "zepto" (1e-21). Quotient of Thomson heat power developed, and the electric current and temperature difference. ThomsonCoefficient ThomsonCoefficient https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ThomsonCoefficient https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105801233 12-23 Quotient of Thomson heat power developed, and the electric current and temperature difference. Change of thermodynamic temperature with respect to pressure in a Joule-Thomson process at constant enthalpy. JouleThomsonCoefficient JouleThomsonCoefficient https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q93946998 5-24 Change of thermodynamic temperature with respect to pressure in a Joule-Thomson process at constant enthalpy. 1e-06 0.0 This unit is used commonly to describe Photosynthetic Photon Flux (PPF) - the total number of photons emitted by a light source each second within the PAR wavelength range. -- QUDT MicroMolePerSecond Micromoles per second MicroMolePerSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroMOL-PER-SEC umol.s-1 umol/s µmol/s This unit is used commonly to describe Photosynthetic Photon Flux (PPF) - the total number of photons emitted by a light source each second within the PAR wavelength range. -- QUDT T-1 L0 M0 I0 Θ0 N+1 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'CatalyticActivity'. CatalyticActivityUnit CatalyticActivityUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'CatalyticActivity'. Quotient of the activity A of a sample and the mass m of that sample. SpecificActivity MassicActivity SpecificActivity https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/SpecificActivity https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2823748 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=395-01-08 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=881-04-43 10-28 Quotient of the activity A of a sample and the mass m of that sample. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.S05790 distance between successive lattice planes LatticePlaneSpacing LatticePlaneSpacing https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/LatticePlaneSpacing https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105488046 12-3 distance between successive lattice planes Distance is the norm of Displacement. Shortest path length between two points in a metric space. Distance Distance https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Distance https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126017 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=102-03-24 https://dbpedia.org/page/Distance 3-1.8 Shortest path length between two points in a metric space. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distance A system is conceived as an aggregate of things that 'work' (or interact) together. While a system extends in time through distinct temporal parts (like every other 4D object), this elucdation focuses on a timescale in which the obejct shows a persistence in time. An object that is made of a set of sub objects working together as parts of a mechanism or an interconnecting network (natural or artificial); a complex whole. HolisticSystem HolisticSystem SubClassOf: hasComponent some Component An object that is made of a set of sub objects working together as parts of a mechanism or an interconnecting network (natural or artificial); a complex whole. A system is conceived as an aggregate of things that 'work' (or interact) together. While a system extends in time through distinct temporal parts (like every other 4D object), this elucdation focuses on a timescale in which the obejct shows a persistence in time. A whole is always defined using a criterion expressed through the classical transitive parthood relation. This class is expected to host the definition of world objects as they appear in its wholeness, dependently on some of their parts and independently on the surroundings. The superclass of entities which are defined by requiring the existence of some parts (at least one) of specifically given types, where the specified types are different with respect to the type of the whole. Whole Whole The superclass of entities which are defined by requiring the existence of some parts (at least one) of specifically given types, where the specified types are different with respect to the type of the whole. A whole is always defined using a criterion expressed through the classical transitive parthood relation. This class is expected to host the definition of world objects as they appear in its wholeness, dependently on some of their parts and independently on the surroundings. A whole is categorized as fundamental (or maximal) or redundant (non-maximal). Relative change of length per change of temperature. LinearExpansionCoefficient LinearExpansionCoefficient https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/LinearExpansionCoefficient https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q74760821 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-04-27 5-3.1 Relative change of length per change of temperature. Material property which describes how the size of an object changes with a change in temperature. CoefficientOfThermalExpansion ThermalExpansionCoefficient CoefficientOfThermalExpansion https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45760 Material property which describes how the size of an object changes with a change in temperature. 1.0 0.0 `Watt Per Steradian (W/sr)` is the unit in the category of Radiant intensity. It is also known as watts per steradian. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Watt Per Steradian (W/sr) has a dimension of M· L⁻²· T⁻³ where M is mass, L is length, and T is time. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit WattPerSteradian Watt per Steradian WattPerSteradian http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/W-PER-SR W.sr-1 W/sr `Watt Per Steradian (W/sr)` is the unit in the category of Radiant intensity. It is also known as watts per steradian. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Watt Per Steradian (W/sr) has a dimension of M· L⁻²· T⁻³ where M is mass, L is length, and T is time. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT 1e-06 0.0 0.001-fold of the SI derived unit henry divided by the 1 000-fold of the SI derived unit ohm -- QUDT MilliHenryPerKiloOhm Millihenry Per Kiloohm MilliHenryPerKiloOhm http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliH-PER-KiloOHM mH.kOhm-1 mH/kΩ 0.001-fold of the SI derived unit henry divided by the 1 000-fold of the SI derived unit ohm -- QUDT The superclass for all classes of entities that have a proper parts of the same type φ of the whole, but have no φ proper part that is part of other φ proper parts. NonNuclear NonNuclear The superclass for all classes of entities that have a proper parts of the same type φ of the whole, but have no φ proper part that is part of other φ proper parts. The superclass for all classes of entities that have a proper parts of the same type of the whole that overlaps all the oter proper parts of the same type. Multiplex Multiplex The superclass for all classes of entities that have a proper parts of the same type of the whole that overlaps all the oter proper parts of the same type. 1.0 0.0 Square metres per square Hertz. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit SquareMetrePerSquareHertz SquareMetrePerSquareHertz http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M2-PER-HZ2 m2.Hz-2 m²/Hz² Square metres per square Hertz. T+2 L+2 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'AreaSquareTime'. AreaSquareTimeUnit AreaSquareTimeUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'AreaSquareTime'. Forming of a solid body, whereby the plastic state is essentially brought about by a bending stress Bending Bending Forming of a solid body, whereby the plastic state is essentially brought about by a bending stress. FlexuralForming Biegeumformen FlexuralForming In general, for a given set of information, it is understood that the measurement uncertainty is associated with a stated quantity value. A modification of this value results in a modification of the associated uncertainty. Metrological uncertainty in EMMO is a slight generalisation of the VIM term 'measurement uncertainty', which is defined as "a non-negative parameter characterising the dispersion of the quantity being measured". Metrological uncertainty includes components arising from systematic effects, such as components associated with corrections and the assigned quantity values of measurement standards, as well as the definitional uncertainty. Sometimes estimated systematic effects are not corrected for but, instead, associated measurement uncertainty components are incorporated. The uncertainty of a quantity obtained through a well-defined procedure, characterising of the dispersion of the quantity. MetrologicalUncertainty A metrological uncertainty can be assigned to any objective property via the 'hasMetrologicalUncertainty' relation. - Standard deviation - Half-width of an interval with a stated coverage probability MetrologicalUncertainty The uncertainty of a quantity obtained through a well-defined procedure, characterising of the dispersion of the quantity. Metrological uncertainty in EMMO is a slight generalisation of the VIM term 'measurement uncertainty', which is defined as "a non-negative parameter characterising the dispersion of the quantity being measured". Rn The symbol that stands for the radon atom. RadonSymbol RadonSymbol The symbol that stands for the radon atom. Length of the repetition interval of a wave. Wavelength Wavelength https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Wavelength https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41364 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=103-10-10 https://dbpedia.org/page/Wavelength 3-19 Length of the repetition interval of a wave. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wavelength https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.W06659 Extend of a spatial dimension. Length is a non-negative additive quantity attributed to a one-dimensional object in space. Length Length http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Length 3-1.1 Extend of a spatial dimension. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.L03498 FromWorkPIecetoWorkPiece FromWorkPIecetoWorkPiece 4.002602 2 Atom subclass for helium. HeliumAtom HeliumAtom Atom subclass for helium. V SI unit for electric potential difference. The volt is the unit of electric potential difference—electric potential difference is also known as voltage. The size of 1 volt is officially defined as the potential difference between two points of a wire carrying a current of 1 ampere when the power dissipated in the wire is 1 watt. Volt Volt VLT http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/V V http://dbpedia.org/resource/Volt SI unit for electric potential difference. The volt is the unit of electric potential difference—electric potential difference is also known as voltage. The size of 1 volt is officially defined as the potential difference between two points of a wire carrying a current of 1 ampere when the power dissipated in the wire is 1 watt. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volt?oldid=494812083 https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.V06634 1000000000000.0 0.0 1,000,000,000,000-fold of the SI derived unit watt -- QUDT TeraWatt TeraWatt http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/TeraW TW TW 1,000,000,000,000-fold of the SI derived unit watt -- QUDT 39.0983 19 Atom subclass for potassium. PotassiumAtom PotassiumAtom Atom subclass for potassium. T+3 L0 M-1 I0 Θ+1 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'PerThermalTransmittance'. PerThermalTransmittanceUnit PerThermalTransmittanceUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'PerThermalTransmittance'. W SI unit for power. The SI unit of power. Power is the rate at which work is done, or (equivalently) the rate at which energy is expended. One watt is equal to a power rate of one joule of work per second of time. This unit is used both in mechanics and in electricity, so it links the mechanical and electrical units to one another. In mechanical terms, one watt equals about 0.001 341 02 horsepower (hp) or 0.737 562 foot-pound per second (lbf/s). In electrical terms, one watt is the power produced by a current of one ampere flowing through an electric potential of one volt. The name of the unit honors James Watt (1736-1819), the British engineer whose improvements to the steam engine are often credited with igniting the Industrial Revolution. -- QUDT Watt Watt WTT http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/W W http://dbpedia.org/resource/Watt SI unit for power. The SI unit of power. Power is the rate at which work is done, or (equivalently) the rate at which energy is expended. One watt is equal to a power rate of one joule of work per second of time. This unit is used both in mechanics and in electricity, so it links the mechanical and electrical units to one another. In mechanical terms, one watt equals about 0.001 341 02 horsepower (hp) or 0.737 562 foot-pound per second (lbf/s). In electrical terms, one watt is the power produced by a current of one ampere flowing through an electric potential of one volt. The name of the unit honors James Watt (1736-1819), the British engineer whose improvements to the steam engine are often credited with igniting the Industrial Revolution. -- QUDT http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watt?oldid=494906356 https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.W06656 0.001 0.0 http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit MilliMolePerSquareMetrePerSecond Millimoles per square metre per second MilliMolePerSquareMetrePerSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliMOL-PER-M2-SEC mmol.m-2.s-1 mmol/m2/s1 µg/(m²⋅s) T-1 L-2 M0 I0 Θ0 N+1 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'AmountPerAreaTime'. AmountPerAreaTimeUnit AmountPerAreaTimeUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'AmountPerAreaTime'. 1.0 0.0 The SI derived unit for amount-of-substance concentration is the mole/cubic meter. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit MolePerCubicMetre Mole per Cubic Metre MolePerCubicMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MOL-PER-M3 mol.m-3 mol/m3 mol/m³ The SI derived unit for amount-of-substance concentration is the mole/cubic meter. -- QUDT 1000000.0 0.0 1 000 000-fold of the SI derived unit coulomb divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 -- QUDT MegaCoulombPerSquareMetre Megacoulomb Per Square Metre MegaCoulombPerSquareMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MegaC-PER-M2 MC.m-2 MC/m² 1 000 000-fold of the SI derived unit coulomb divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 -- QUDT T+1 L-2 M0 I+1 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricDisplacementField'. ElectricDisplacementFieldUnit ElectricDisplacementFieldUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricDisplacementField'. T-4 L+2 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'AreaPerQuarticTime'. AreaPerQuarticTimeUnit AreaPerQuarticTimeUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'AreaPerQuarticTime'. Helmholtz energy per unit mass. SpecificHelmholtzEnergy SpecificHelmholtzEnergy https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/SpecificHelmholtzEnergy https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76359554 5-21.4 Helmholtz energy per unit mass. Energy per unit mass SpecificEnergy SpecificEnergy https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/SpecificEnergy https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3023293 https://dbpedia.org/page/Specific_energy 5-21.1 Energy per unit mass https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specific_energy Fabrication of objects through the deposition of a material using a print head, nozzle or another printer technology. This term is often used in a non-technical context synonymously with additive manufacturing and, in these cases, typically associated with machines used for non-industrial purposes including personal use. fabrication of objects through the deposition of a material using a print head, nozzle or another printer technology Note 1 to entry: This term is often used in a non-technical context synonymously with additive manufacturing (3.1.2) and, in these cases, typically associated with machines used for non-industrial purposes including personal use. 3DPrinting 3DPrinting Fabrication of objects through the deposition of a material using a print head, nozzle or another printer technology. This term is often used in a non-technical context synonymously with additive manufacturing and, in these cases, typically associated with machines used for non-industrial purposes including personal use. 0.01 0.0 1/100 of SI unit of amount of substance per kilogram -- QUDT CentiMolePerKilogram Centimole per kilogram CentiMolePerKilogram http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/CentiMOL-PER-KiloGM cmol.kg-1 cmol/kg cmol/kg 1/100 of SI unit of amount of substance per kilogram -- QUDT The mean free path may thus be specified either for all interactions, i.e. total mean free path, or for particular types of interaction such as scattering, capture, or ionization. in a given medium, average distance that particles of a specified type travel between successive interactions of a specified type. MeanFreePath MeanFreePath https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MeanFreePath https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q756307 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-06-37 9-38 in a given medium, average distance that particles of a specified type travel between successive interactions of a specified type. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.M03778 Length of a rectifiable curve between two of its points. PathLength ArcLength PathLength https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7144654 https://dbpedia.org/page/Arc_length 3-1.7 Length of a rectifiable curve between two of its points. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arc_length Free forming is pressure forming with tools that do not or only partially contain the shape of the workpiece and move against each other (from: DIN 8583 Part 3/05.70). Moulding Gesenkformen Moulding Forming of a solid body, whereby the plastic state is essentially brought about by uniaxial or multiaxial compressive stress. lasciano tensioni residue di compressione CompressiveForming Druckumformen CompressiveForming From Powder, from liquid, from gas da una forma non propria ad una forma propria FromNotProperShapeToWorkPiece FromNotProperShapeToWorkPiece From Powder, from liquid, from gas Powder: particles that are usually less than 1 mm in size process of joining materials to make parts from 3D model data, usually layer upon layer, as opposed to subtractive manufacturing (3.1.29) and formative manufacturing methodologies, AdditiveManufacturing GenerativeManufacturing AdditiveManufacturing process of joining materials to make parts from 3D model data, usually layer upon layer, as opposed to subtractive manufacturing (3.1.29) and formative manufacturing methodologies, 1000.0 0.0 1 000-fold of the SI derived unit pascal divided by the SI base unit kelvin -- QUDT KiloPascalPerKelvin Kilopascal Per Kelvin KiloPascalPerKelvin http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloPA-PER-K kPa.K-1 kPa/K 1 000-fold of the SI derived unit pascal divided by the SI base unit kelvin -- QUDT 1000000000.0 0.0 GigaCoulomb GigaCoulomb GigaCoulomb http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/GigaC GC GC 1000000000.0 Superclass for all units prefixed with "giga" (1e9). GigaPrefixedUnit GigaPrefixedUnit Superclass for all units prefixed with "giga" (1e9). 0.001 0.0 One radioactive disintegration per thousand seconds from an SI standard unit of mass of sample. -- QUDT MilliBecquerelPerKilogram Millibecquerels per kilogram MilliBecquerelPerKilogram http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliBQ-PER-KiloGM mBq.kg-1 mBq/kg One radioactive disintegration per thousand seconds from an SI standard unit of mass of sample. -- QUDT T-1 L0 M-1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'PerTimeMass'. PerTimeMassUnit PerTimeMassUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'PerTimeMass'. quotient of number of acceptor levels and volume. AcceptorDensity AcceptorDensity https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/AcceptorDensity https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105979968 12-29.5 quotient of number of acceptor levels and volume. A group of machineries used to process a group of similar parts. Is not simply a collection of machineries, since the connection between them is due to the parallel flow of processed parts that comes from a unique source and ends into a common repository. MachineCell MachineCell A group of machineries used to process a group of similar parts. A system arranged to setup a specific manufacturing process. ManufacturingSystem ManufacturingSystem A system arranged to setup a specific manufacturing process. A estimation of a property using a functional icon. Simulation Modelling I calculate the electrical conductivity of an Ar-He plasma with the Chapman-Enskog method and use the value as property for it. Simulation A estimation of a property using a functional icon. 1.0 0.0 `Square Meter Kelvin` is a unit for 'Area Temperature' expressed as m²-K. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit SquareMetreKelvin Square Metre Kelvin SquareMetreKelvin http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M2-K m2.K m²⋅K `Square Meter Kelvin` is a unit for 'Area Temperature' expressed as m²-K. -- QUDT T0 L+2 M0 I0 Θ+1 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'AreaTemperature'. AreaTemperatureUnit AreaTemperatureUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'AreaTemperature'. 0.1 0.0 A decisiemens is 0.1 S. DeciSiemens decisiemens DeciSiemens http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/DeciS dS A decisiemens is 0.1 S. 0.1 Superclass for all units prefixed with "deci" (0.1). DeciPrefixedUnit DeciPrefixedUnit Superclass for all units prefixed with "deci" (0.1). S The symbol that stands for the sulfur atom. SulfurSymbol SulfurSymbol The symbol that stands for the sulfur atom. Fhe force of friction on an object that is not moving. StaticFrictionForce StaticFriction StaticFrictionForce https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/StaticFriction https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q90862568 4-9.3 Fhe force of friction on an object that is not moving. Any interaction that, when unopposed, will change the motion of an object Force Force http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Force 4-9.1 Any interaction that, when unopposed, will change the motion of an object https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.F02480 An array is a datatype representing an ordered collection of elements (or values) that can be accessed by indexes. Arrays have an analog mathematical counterpart in vectors and matrixes, but are separate concepts. Arrays may be multidimensional. In the EMMO we use the following JSON based syntax to represent arrays: - mono-dimensional array [v1,v2,...,vn] (vector) - bi-dimensional array [[v1,v2,...,vn],[w1,w2,...,2n]] (matrix) This notation can be extended to multidimensional arrays. ArrayData ArrayData An array is a datatype representing an ordered collection of elements (or values) that can be accessed by indexes. Arrays have an analog mathematical counterpart in vectors and matrixes, but are separate concepts. Arrays may be multidimensional. SubClassOf: hasScalarData some ScalarData SubClassOf: hasSpatialTile some SymbolicData In the EMMO we use the following JSON based syntax to represent arrays: - mono-dimensional array [v1,v2,...,vn] (vector) - bi-dimensional array [[v1,v2,...,vn],[w1,w2,...,2n]] (matrix) This notation can be extended to multidimensional arrays. The structure of an array is expressed mereologically. It consists of a set of equally sized tiles. The tiles of an n-dimensional array are (n-1) dimensional arrays. The tiles of an (n-1)-dimensional array are (n-2) dimensional arrays, and so forth down to 1-dimensional arrays (vectors), whos tiles are scalar data. The exponential of the ratio of the chemical potential to R*T where R is the gas constant and T the thermodynamic temperature. AbsoluteActivity AbsoluteActivity https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/AbsoluteActivity https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56638155 9-18 The exponential of the ratio of the chemical potential to R*T where R is the gas constant and T the thermodynamic temperature. https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/A00019 1000000.0 0.0 `Mega Hertz per Kelvin` is a unit for 'Inverse Time Temperature' expressed as MHz K⁻¹. -- QUDT MegaHertzPerKelvin Mega Hertz per Kelvin MegaHertzPerKelvin http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MegaHZ-PER-K MHz.K-1 MHz/K `Mega Hertz per Kelvin` is a unit for 'Inverse Time Temperature' expressed as MHz K⁻¹. -- QUDT T-1 L0 M0 I0 Θ-1 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'PerTemperatureTime'. PerTemperatureTimeUnit PerTemperatureTimeUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'PerTemperatureTime'. 10000.0 0.0 SI base unit ampere divided by the 0.0001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre by exponent 2 -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit AmperePerSquareCentiMetre Ampere Per Square Centimetre AmperePerSquareCentiMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/A-PER-CentiM2 A.cm-2 A/cm2 A/cm² SI base unit ampere divided by the 0.0001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre by exponent 2 -- QUDT T0 L-2 M0 I+1 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricCurrentDensity'. ElectricCurrentDensityUnit ElectricCurrentDensityUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricCurrentDensity'. TokenData TokenData In nuclear physics, energy imparted per mass. SpecificEnergyImparted SpecificEnergyImparted https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/SpecificEnergyImparted https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q99566195 10-81.2 In nuclear physics, energy imparted per mass. A process that occurs because of the exercise of the capacity to act of an agent. Agency AgentDrivenProcess Agency A process that occurs because of the exercise of the capacity to act of an agent. ProcessByAgency ProcessByAgency A monodimensional arrangement of tiles. SpatialSequence Sequence SpatialSequence https://raw.githubusercontent.com/emmo-repo/EMMO/1.0.0-rc3/doc/figs/SpatialSequence.png A monodimensional arrangement of tiles. A causal object which is tessellated with only spatial direct parts. The definition of an arrangement implies that its spatial direct parts are not gained or lost during its temporal extension (they exist from the left to the right side of the time interval), so that the cardinality of spatial direct parts in an arrangement is constant. This does not mean that there cannot be a change in the internal structure of the arrangement direct parts. It means only that this change must not affect the existence of the direct part itself. Arrangement MereologicalState e.g. the existent in my glass is declared at t = t_start as made of two direct parts: the ice and the water. It will continue to exists as state as long as the ice is completely melt at t = t_end. The new state will be completely made of water. Between t_start and t_end there is an exchange of molecules between the ice and the water, but this does not affect the existence of the two states. If we partition the existent in my glass as ice surrounded by several molecules (we do not use the object water as direct part) then the appearance of a molecule coming from the ice will cause a state to end and another state to begin. Arrangement https://raw.githubusercontent.com/emmo-repo/EMMO/1.0.0-rc3/doc/figs/Arrangement.png https://w3id.org/emmo/raw/1.0.0-rc3/doc/figs/Arrangement-1D.png https://w3id.org/emmo/raw/1.0.0-rc3/doc/figs/Arrangement-2D.png https://w3id.org/emmo/raw/1.0.0-rc3/doc/figs/Arrangement-2Dhex.png https://w3id.org/emmo/raw/1.0.0-rc3/doc/figs/Arrangement-3D.png A causal object which is tessellated with only spatial direct parts. The definition of an arrangement implies that its spatial direct parts are not gained or lost during its temporal extension (they exist from the left to the right side of the time interval), so that the cardinality of spatial direct parts in an arrangement is constant. This does not mean that there cannot be a change in the internal structure of the arrangement direct parts. It means only that this change must not affect the existence of the direct part itself. The use of spatial direct parthood in state definition means that an arrangement cannot overlap in space another arrangement that is direct part of the same whole. p 1e-12 SI prefix who's value is 1e-12. Pico Pico SI prefix who's value is 1e-12. Angular measure between the positive real axis and the radius of the polar representation of the complex number in the complex plane. PhaseAngle PhaseAngle https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q415829 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=103-07-04 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=141-01-01 3-7 Angular measure between the positive real axis and the radius of the polar representation of the complex number in the complex plane. 1.0 0.0 Per Kelvin Unit is a denominator unit with dimensions /K. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit PerKelvin Reciprocal Kelvin PerKelvin http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-K K-1 /K Per Kelvin Unit is a denominator unit with dimensions /K. -- QUDT T0 L0 M0 I0 Θ-1 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'PerTemperature'. PerTemperatureUnit PerTemperatureUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'PerTemperature'. Measure of the tendency of a substance to leave a phase. Fugacity Fugacity https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Fugacity https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898412 9-20 Measure of the tendency of a substance to leave a phase. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.F02543 1.0 0.0 "Square Second" is a unit for 'Square Time' expressed as s². -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit SquareSecond Square Second SquareSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/SEC2 s2 s² "Square Second" is a unit for 'Square Time' expressed as s². -- QUDT T+2 L0 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'SquareTime'. SquareTimeUnit SquareTimeUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'SquareTime'. V The symbol that stands for the vanadium atom. VanadiumSymbol VanadiumSymbol The symbol that stands for the vanadium atom. 10.0 0.0 10-fold of the derived SI unit pascal -- QUDT DecaPascal DecaPascal http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/DecaPA daPa daPa 10-fold of the derived SI unit pascal -- QUDT 10.0 Superclass for all units prefixed with "deca" (10). DecaPrefixedUnit DekaPrefixedUnit DecaPrefixedUnit Superclass for all units prefixed with "deca" (10). An interpreter who establish the connection between an icon an an object recognizing their resemblance (e.g. logical, pictorial) Cogniser The scientist that connects an equation to a physical phenomenon. Cogniser An interpreter who establish the connection between an icon an an object recognizing their resemblance (e.g. logical, pictorial) 278.156 109 Atom subclass for meitnerium. MeitneriumAtom MeitneriumAtom Atom subclass for meitnerium. 1.0 0.0 power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 divided by the derived SI unit newton -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit SquareMetrePerNewton Square Metre Per Newton SquareMetrePerNewton http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M2-PER-N m2.N-1 m²/N power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 divided by the derived SI unit newton -- QUDT T+2 L+1 M-1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'PerPressure'. PerPressureUnit PerPressureUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'PerPressure'. 1e-18 0.0 FemtoGram FemtoGram FemtoGram http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/FemtoGM fg 1e-15 Superclass for all units prefixed with "femto" (1e-15). FemtoPrefixedUnit FemtoPrefixedUnit Superclass for all units prefixed with "femto" (1e-15). Heat capacity at constant volume. IsochoricHeatCapacity HeatCapacityAtConstantVolume IsochoricHeatCapacity https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q112187521 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-04-50 5-16.3 Heat capacity at constant volume. 1.0 0.0 Square Pascal per square second. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit SquarePascalPerSquareSecond SquarePascalPerSquareSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PA2-PER-SEC2 Pa2.s-2 Pa²/s² Square Pascal per square second. T-6 L-2 M+2 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'SquarePressurePerSquareTime'. SquarePressurePerSquareTimeUnit SquarePressurePerSquareTimeUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'SquarePressurePerSquareTime'. y 1e-24 SI prefix who's value is 1e-24. Yocto Yocto SI prefix who's value is 1e-24. An object that has been designed and manufactured for a particular purpose. ManufacturedProduct Artifact Engineered TangibleProduct Car, tire, composite material. ManufacturedProduct An object that has been designed and manufactured for a particular purpose. The overall lifetime of an holistic that has been the output of an intentional process. This concepts encompass the overall lifetime of a product. Is temporaly fundamental, meaning that it can have other products as holistic spatial parts, but its holistic temporal parts are not products. In other words, the individual must encompass the whole lifetime from creation to disposal. A product can be a tangible object (e.g. a manufactured object), a process (e.g. service). It can be the outcome of a natural or an artificially driven process. It must have and initial stage of its life that is also an outcome of a intentional process. Product Output Product https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:9000:ed-3:v1:en:term:3.4.2 https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:14040:ed-2:v1:en:term:3.9 The overall lifetime of an holistic that has been the output of an intentional process. This concepts encompass the overall lifetime of a product. Is temporaly fundamental, meaning that it can have other products as holistic spatial parts, but its holistic temporal parts are not products. In other words, the individual must encompass the whole lifetime from creation to disposal. A product can be a tangible object (e.g. a manufactured object), a process (e.g. service). It can be the outcome of a natural or an artificially driven process. It must have and initial stage of its life that is also an outcome of a intentional process. A semiosis where the interpreter perceives a referent, that generates the interpretant as interpreter's internal representation.The interpretant is not commmunicated to the external world, but kept in the internal representational space of the interpreter. Learning Learning A semiosis where the interpreter perceives a referent, that generates the interpretant as interpreter's internal representation.The interpretant is not commmunicated to the external world, but kept in the internal representational space of the interpreter. 238.02891 92 Atom subclass for uranium. UraniumAtom UraniumAtom Atom subclass for uranium. 1000.0 0.0 1 000-fold of the SI base unit kilogram -- QUDT MegaGram MegaGram http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MegaGM Mg Mg 1 000-fold of the SI base unit kilogram -- QUDT 1.0 0.0 Watts per metre. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit WattPerMetre WattPerMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/W-PER-M W.m-1 W/m Watts per metre. T-3 L+1 M+1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'MassLengthPerCubicTime'. MassLengthPerCubicTimeUnit MassLengthPerCubicTimeUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'MassLengthPerCubicTime'. Internal energy per amount of substance. MolarInternalEnergy MolarInternalEnergy https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q88523106 9-6.1 Internal energy per amount of substance. ElectroSinterForging ElectroSinterForging Sintering is the process of forming a solid mass of material through heat and pressure without melting to the point of liquefaction. This process involves the atoms in materials diffusing across the particle boundaries and fusing together into one piece. Sintering occurs naturally in mineral deposits, and is used as a manufacturing process for materials including ceramics, metals and plastics. Because the sintering temperature doesn’t reach the materials’ melting point, it is often used for materials with high melting points, such as molybdenum and tungsten. Sintering ISO 3252:2019 Powder metallurgy sintering: thermal treatment of a powder or compact, at a temperature below the melting point of the main constituent, for the purpose of increasing its strength by the metallurgical bonding of its particles ISO/ASTM TR 52906:2022 Additive manufacturing sintering: process of heating a powder metal compact to increase density and/or improve mechanical properties via solid state diffusion https://www.twi-global.com/technical-knowledge/faqs/what-is-sintering Sintern Sintering Sintering is the process of forming a solid mass of material through heat and pressure without melting to the point of liquefaction. This process involves the atoms in materials diffusing across the particle boundaries and fusing together into one piece. Sintering occurs naturally in mineral deposits, and is used as a manufacturing process for materials including ceramics, metals and plastics. Because the sintering temperature doesn’t reach the materials’ melting point, it is often used for materials with high melting points, such as molybdenum and tungsten. 1.0 0.0 `Joule Meter per Mole` is a unit for 'Length Molar Energy' expressed as J · m · mol⁻¹. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit JouleMetrePerMole Joule Metre per Mole JouleMetrePerMole http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/J-M-PER-MOL J.m.mol-1 J⋅m/mol `Joule Meter per Mole` is a unit for 'Length Molar Energy' expressed as J · m · mol⁻¹. -- QUDT T-2 L+3 M+1 I0 Θ0 N-1 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'EnergyLengthPerAmount'. EnergyLengthPerAmountUnit EnergyLengthPerAmountUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'EnergyLengthPerAmount'. 1.0 0.0 A change of temperature on the Kelvin temperature scale in one SI unit of length. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit KelvinPerMetre KelvinPerMeter KelvinPerMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/K-PER-M K.m-1 K/m A change of temperature on the Kelvin temperature scale in one SI unit of length. -- QUDT T0 L-1 M0 I0 Θ+1 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'TemperaturePerLength'. TemperaturePerLengthUnit TemperaturePerLengthUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'TemperaturePerLength'. Δ Laplacian Laplacian DifferentialOperator DifferentialOperator 1 1 A quantity value is not necessarily a property, since it is possible to write "10 kg", without assigning this quantity to a specific object. A symbolic that has parts a numerical object and a reference expressing the value of a quantity (expressed as the product of the numerical and the unit). Following the International Vocabulary of Metrology (VIM), EMMO distinguishes between a quantity (a property) and the quantity value (a numerical and a reference). So, for the EMMO the symbol "kg" is not a physical quantity but simply a 'Symbolic' object categorized as a 'MeasurementUnit'. While the string "1 kg" is a 'QuantityValue'. QuantityValue 6.8 m 0.9 km 8 K 6 MeV 43.5 HRC(150 kg) QuantityValue A symbolic that has parts a numerical object and a reference expressing the value of a quantity (expressed as the product of the numerical and the unit). quantity value A quantity value is not necessarily a property, since it is possible to write "10 kg", without assigning this quantity to a specific object. An experiment is a process that is intended to replicate a physical phenomenon in a controlled environment. Experiment Experiment An experiment is a process that is intended to replicate a physical phenomenon in a controlled environment. A characterisation of an object with an actual interaction. Observation Observation A characterisation of an object with an actual interaction. Since a string is a simple type that can contain only characters but not other child elements, is often not suitable for representing human text, that may need additional elements for control of aspects such as bidirectional formatting or ruby annotation. Symbolic data that consist of a sequence of characters. StringData https://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#string StringData EquivalentTo: hasDataValue some xsd:string Symbolic data that consist of a sequence of characters. Since a string is a simple type that can contain only characters but not other child elements, is often not suitable for representing human text, that may need additional elements for control of aspects such as bidirectional formatting or ruby annotation. Absolute value of the magnetic moment of a nucleus. NuclearMagneton NuclearMagneton https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1166093 10-9.3 Absolute value of the magnetic moment of a nucleus. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.N04236 1.0 0.0 The candela per square metre (cd/m²) is the derived SI unit of luminance. The unit is based on the candela, the SI unit of luminous intensity, and the square metre, the SI unit of area. Nit (nt) is a deprecated non-SI name also used for this unit (1 nit = 1 cd/m²). As a measure of light emitted per unit area, this unit is frequently used to specify the brightness of a display device. Most consumer desktop liquid crystal displays have luminances of 200 to 300 cd/m²; the sRGB spec for monitors targets 80 cd/m2. HDTVs range from 450 to about 1000 cd/m2. Typically, calibrated monitors should have a brightness of 120 cd/m². Nit is believed to come from the Latin word nitere, to shine. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit CandelaPerSquareMetre candela per square metre CandelaPerSquareMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/CD-PER-M2 cd.m-2 cd/m2 cd/m² The candela per square metre (cd/m²) is the derived SI unit of luminance. The unit is based on the candela, the SI unit of luminous intensity, and the square metre, the SI unit of area. Nit (nt) is a deprecated non-SI name also used for this unit (1 nit = 1 cd/m²). As a measure of light emitted per unit area, this unit is frequently used to specify the brightness of a display device. Most consumer desktop liquid crystal displays have luminances of 200 to 300 cd/m²; the sRGB spec for monitors targets 80 cd/m2. HDTVs range from 450 to about 1000 cd/m2. Typically, calibrated monitors should have a brightness of 120 cd/m². Nit is believed to come from the Latin word nitere, to shine. -- QUDT T0 L-2 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J+1 The class of units with dimensionality 'Luminance'. LuminanceUnit LuminanceUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'Luminance'. 1.0 0.0 `Pascal Second Per Cubic Meter` (Pa-s/m³) is a unit in the category of Acoustic impedance. It is also known as `pascal-second/cubic meter`. It has a dimension of ML⁻⁴T⁻¹ where M is mass, L is length, and T is time. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit PascalSecondPerCubicMetre http://www.efunda.com/glossary/units/units--acoustic_impedance--pascal_second_per_cubic_meter.cfm Pascal Second Per Cubic Metre PascalSecondPerCubicMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PA-SEC-PER-M3 Pa.s.m-3 Pa⋅s/m³ `Pascal Second Per Cubic Meter` (Pa-s/m³) is a unit in the category of Acoustic impedance. It is also known as `pascal-second/cubic meter`. It has a dimension of ML⁻⁴T⁻¹ where M is mass, L is length, and T is time. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT T-1 L-4 M+1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'MassPerQuarticLengthTime'. MassPerQuarticLengthTimeUnit MassPerQuarticLengthTimeUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'MassPerQuarticLengthTime'. Ts The symbol that stands for the tennessine atom. TennessineSymbol TennessineSymbol The symbol that stands for the tennessine atom. 0.001 0.0 0.001-fold of the SI derived unit coulomb divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT MilliCoulombPerCubicMetre Millicoulomb Per Cubic Metre MilliCoulombPerCubicMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliC-PER-M3 mC.m-3 mC/m³ 0.001-fold of the SI derived unit coulomb divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT 0.01745329 0.0 ° A degree (in full, a degree of arc, arc degree, or arcdegree), usually denoted by ° (the degree symbol), is a measurement of plane angle, representing 1/360 of a full rotation; one degree is equivalent to 2π /360 rad, 0.017453 rad. It is not an SI unit, as the SI unit for angles is radian, but is an accepted SI unit. -- QUDT Degree is a measurement of plane angle, defined by representing a full rotation as 360 degrees. Degree Degree DD http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/DEG deg http://dbpedia.org/page/Degree_(angle) Degree is a measurement of plane angle, defined by representing a full rotation as 360 degrees. A degree (in full, a degree of arc, arc degree, or arcdegree), usually denoted by ° (the degree symbol), is a measurement of plane angle, representing 1/360 of a full rotation; one degree is equivalent to 2π /360 rad, 0.017453 rad. It is not an SI unit, as the SI unit for angles is radian, but is an accepted SI unit. -- QUDT https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.D01560 Unit for quantities of dimension one that are the fraction of two lengths. LengthFractionUnit Unit for plane angle. LengthFractionUnit Unit for quantities of dimension one that are the fraction of two lengths. LaserCutting LaserCutting Thermal ablation is the separation of material particles in solid, liquid or gaseous state by heat processes as well as the removal of these material particles by mechanical or electromagnetic forces (from: DIN ThermalCutting Thermisches Abtragen ThermalCutting Thermal ablation is the separation of material particles in solid, liquid or gaseous state by heat processes as well as the removal of these material particles by mechanical or electromagnetic forces (from: DIN 100.0 0.0 SI derived unit newton divided by the 0.01-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit NewtonPerCentiMetre Newton Per Centimetre NewtonPerCentiMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/N-PER-CentiM N.cm-1 N/cm SI derived unit newton divided by the 0.01-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT T-2 L0 M+1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'ForcePerLength'. ForcePerLengthUnit ForcePerLengthUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'ForcePerLength'. FormingFromPlastic FormingFromPlastic Base-64 encoding of binary data. Base64Binary https://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#base64Binary Base64Binary EquivalentTo: hasDataValue some xsd:base64Binary Base-64 encoding of binary data. Symbolic data that can be represented as a sequence of zeros and ones. BinaryData BinaryData Symbolic data that can be represented as a sequence of zeros and ones. A causally bonded system is a system in which there are at least two causal paths that are interacting. InteractingSystem InteractingSystem DisjointUnionOf: PhysicalObject, PhysicalPhenomenon A causally bonded system is a system in which there are at least two causal paths that are interacting. A causal system posessing bonding that can not be representated by a simple Feynman diagram. GenericPhysicalSystem GenericPhysicalSystem DisjointUnionOf: InteractingSystem, ParticlesSystem A causal system posessing bonding that can not be representated by a simple Feynman diagram. A causal multipath system is a system made of causal paths that are not interacting between each others, or possibly merge and fork. A physically unbounded system is a combination of elementary particles chains tha may include also decays and/or annihilations, without any space-like interaction between elementary particles. ParticlesSystem NonInteractingSystem ParticlesSystem A causal multipath system is a system made of causal paths that are not interacting between each others, or possibly merge and fork. A physically unbounded system is a combination of elementary particles chains tha may include also decays and/or annihilations, without any space-like interaction between elementary particles. A data representing 8-bit non-negative integer number, 0...255. UnsignedByteData https://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#unsignedByte UnsignedByteData EquivalentTo: hasDataValue some xsd:unsignedByte A data representing 8-bit non-negative integer number, 0...255. 1.0 0.0 Pascal metre per square second. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit PascalMetrePerSquareSecond PascalMetrePerSquareSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PA-M-PER-SEC2 Pa.m.s-2 Pa⋅m/s² Pascal metre per square second. 1.0 0.0 A rate of change of pressure measured as the number of Pascals in a period of one second. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit PascalPerSecond Pascal per Second PascalPerSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PA-PER-SEC Pa.s-1 Pa/s P/s A rate of change of pressure measured as the number of Pascals in a period of one second. -- QUDT Pr The symbol that stands for the praseodymium atom. PraseodymiumSymbol PraseodymiumSymbol The symbol that stands for the praseodymium atom. An intentional agency exercised by artificial systems that have internal states that enables adaptive regulation of the agent’s coupling with the environment and metabolic self-maintenance. ArtificialAgency ArtificialAgency An intentional agency exercised by artificial systems that have internal states that enables adaptive regulation of the agent’s coupling with the environment and metabolic self-maintenance. 0.001 0.0 The millimetre (International spelling as used by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures) or millimeter (American spelling) (SI unit symbol mm) is a unit of length in the metric system, equal to one thousandth of a metre, which is the SI base unit of length. It is equal to 1000 micrometres or 1000000 nanometres. A millimetre is equal to exactly 5/127 (approximately 0.039370) of an inch. -- QUDT MilliMetre MilliMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliM mm mm The millimetre (International spelling as used by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures) or millimeter (American spelling) (SI unit symbol mm) is a unit of length in the metric system, equal to one thousandth of a metre, which is the SI base unit of length. It is equal to 1000 micrometres or 1000000 nanometres. A millimetre is equal to exactly 5/127 (approximately 0.039370) of an inch. -- QUDT http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Millimetre?oldid=493032457 The total luminous flux incident on a surface, per unit area. Illuminance Illuminance http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Illuminance The total luminous flux incident on a surface, per unit area. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.I02941 Chosen value of amount concentration, usually equal to 1 mol dm−3. StandardAmountConcentration StandardConcentration StandardMolarConcentration StandardAmountConcentration https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q88871689 9-12.2 Chosen value of amount concentration, usually equal to 1 mol dm−3. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.S05909 The amount of a constituent divided by the volume of the mixture. AmountConcentration Concentration MolarConcentration Molarity AmountConcentration http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/AmountOfSubstanceConcentrationOfB The amount of a constituent divided by the volume of the mixture. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.A00295 A coarse dispersion of liquid in a gas continuum phase. GasLiquidSuspension Rain, spray. GasLiquidSuspension A coarse dispersion of liquid in a gas continuum phase. GasMixture GasMixture An heterogeneous mixture that contains coarsly dispersed particles (no Tyndall effect), that generally tend to separate in time to the dispersion medium phase. Suspensions show no significant effect on light. Suspension Suspension An heterogeneous mixture that contains coarsly dispersed particles (no Tyndall effect), that generally tend to separate in time to the dispersion medium phase. A unit symbol that belongs to the SI system. Is either a SI base unit or a SI special unit. SIUnitSymbol SIUnitSymbol A unit symbol that belongs to the SI system. Is either a SI base unit or a SI special unit. MeasurementUnitByDimensionality MeasurementUnitByDimensionality A unit that can be expressed as a product of powers of SI base units with no pre-factor or offset. Derived units are defined as products of powers of the base units. When the numerical factor of this product is one, the derived units are called coherent derived units. The base and coherent derived units of the SI form a coherent set, designated the set of coherent SI units. SICoherentUnit SICoherentUnit A unit that can be expressed as a product of powers of SI base units with no pre-factor or offset. Derived units are defined as products of powers of the base units. When the numerical factor of this product is one, the derived units are called coherent derived units. The base and coherent derived units of the SI form a coherent set, designated the set of coherent SI units. A process can be defined only according to an entity type. The minimum process is an entity made of two entities of different types that are temporally related. The superclass for causal structure classes whose individuals have some temporal item parts that are not of the same type of the whole. Process Occurrent Perdurant Practically speaking, the Process class can be populated by primitive subclasses (e.g. Cooking) for each of which holds the axiom that not all the item temporal parts are of the same type of the whole (e.g. breaking an egg, which is not necessarily a cooking process) and there are at least two temporal item parts of different types (e.g. breaking and egg and turning on the stove). The intended usage is not for an individual to belong directly to Process, but to belong to a specific subclass of Process that identifies entities with a specific non-type-persistent structure. Process Equivalent To: Behaviour or ConstitutiveProcess or Stage or SubProcess The superclass for causal structure classes whose individuals have some temporal item parts that are not of the same type of the whole. A process can be defined only according to an entity type. The minimum process is an entity made of two entities of different types that are temporally related. Following the common definition of process, the reader may think that every entity in the EMMO should be a process, since every 4D entity0 always has a time dimension. However, in the EMMO we restrict the concept of process to items whose temporal parts show a change in type (i.e. every 4D object unfolds in time, but not every 4D time unfolding may be of interest for the ontologist and categorized as a process). The definition of every specific process subclass requires a reference type, that is expressed by some but not all temporal parts. 1e-15 0.0 One part per 10**15 by mass of the measurand in the matrix. -- QUDT PicoGramPerKilogram Picograms per kilogram PicoGramPerKilogram http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PicoGM-PER-KiloGM pg.kg-1 pg/kg One part per 10**15 by mass of the measurand in the matrix. -- QUDT Unit for quantities of dimension one that are the fraction of two masses. MassFractionUnit Unit for mass fraction. MassFractionUnit Unit for quantities of dimension one that are the fraction of two masses. Metre to the power of six. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit SexticMetre SexticMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M6 m⁶ Metre to the power of six. T0 L+6 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'SexticLength'. SexticLengthUnit SexticLengthUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'SexticLength'. 1000000000.0 0.0 1 000 000 000-fold of the SI derived unit coulomb divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT GigaCoulombPerCubicMetre Gigacoulomb Per Cubic Metre GigaCoulombPerCubicMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/GigaC-PER-M3 GC.m-3 GC/m³ 1 000 000 000-fold of the SI derived unit coulomb divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT 1.0 0.0 `Coulomb Per Kilogram (C/kg)` is the unit in the category of Exposure. It is also known as coulombs per kilogram, coulomb/kilogram. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Coulomb Per Kilogram (C/kg) has a dimension of M⁻¹TI where M is mass, T is time, and I is electric current. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit CoulombPerKilogram Coulomb per Kilogram CoulombPerKilogram http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/C-PER-KiloGM C.kg-1 C/kg C/kg `Coulomb Per Kilogram (C/kg)` is the unit in the category of Exposure. It is also known as coulombs per kilogram, coulomb/kilogram. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Coulomb Per Kilogram (C/kg) has a dimension of M⁻¹TI where M is mass, T is time, and I is electric current. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT T+1 L0 M-1 I+1 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricChargePerMass'. ElectricChargePerMassUnit ElectricChargePerMassUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricChargePerMass'. 1e-06 0.0 "Micrometer" is a unit for 'Length' expressed as microm. -- QUDT MicroMetre MicroMeter Microm MicroMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroM um µm "Micrometer" is a unit for 'Length' expressed as microm. -- QUDT http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micrometer?oldid=491270437 Scalar measure of the rotational inertia with respect to a fixed axis of rotation. MomentOfIntertia MomentOfIntertia https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MomentOfInertia https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165618 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-03-21 4-7 Scalar measure of the rotational inertia with respect to a fixed axis of rotation. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.M04006 1.0 0.0 Newton square metre. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit NewtonSquareMetre NewtonSquareMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/N-M2 N⋅m² Newton square metre. T-2 L+3 M+1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'ForceArea'. ForceAreaUnit ForceAreaUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'ForceArea'. Gas is a compressible fluid, a state of matter that has no fixed shape and no fixed volume. Gas Gas Gas is a compressible fluid, a state of matter that has no fixed shape and no fixed volume. An holistic system of people that has its own functions with responsibilities, authorities and relationships to achieve its objectives. Organisation ISO 55000:2014 organization: person or group of people that has its own functions with responsibilities, authorities and relationships to achieve its objectives Organisation An holistic system of people that has its own functions with responsibilities, authorities and relationships to achieve its objectives. 0.001 0.0 0.001-fold of the SI base unit metre divided by the SI base unit second -- QUDT MilliMetrePerSecond Millimetre Per Second MilliMetrePerSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliM-PER-SEC mm.s-1 mm/s 0.001-fold of the SI base unit metre divided by the SI base unit second -- QUDT Process of cutting a workpiece into smaller parts that are either doughter parts, samples (e.g. for testing) or scrap. Cutting with circular or straight cutting motion, using a multi-toothed tool of small cutting width, the cutting motion being performed by the tool Sawing Sägen Sawing Process of cutting a workpiece into smaller parts that are either doughter parts, samples (e.g. for testing) or scrap. Energy required to move a unit charge through an electric field from a reference point. The electric potential is not unique, since any constant scalar field quantity can be added to it without changing its gradient. ElectricPotential ElectroStaticPotential ElectricPotential http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ElectricPotential https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=121-11-25 https://dbpedia.org/page/Electric_potential 6-11.1 Energy required to move a unit charge through an electric field from a reference point. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_potential https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.E01935 1e-09 0.0 0.000000001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit MicroGram MicroGram http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroGM ug μg 0.000000001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram -- QUDT A semiosis where the interpreter wants to express an interpretant (e.g., an idea, a reasoning, a distant entity) to the rest of the world by the production of a sign. In the intention of the interpreter, the sign should impress another agent with an intended interpretation that should match his one. Expressing Expressing A semiosis where the interpreter wants to express an interpretant (e.g., an idea, a reasoning, a distant entity) to the rest of the world by the production of a sign. In the intention of the interpreter, the sign should impress another agent with an intended interpretation that should match his one. 1e-06 0.0 0.000001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the SI base unit kilogram -- QUDT MilliGramPerKilogram Milligram Per Kilogram MilliGramPerKilogram http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliGM-PER-KiloGM mg.kg-1 mg/kg mg/kg 0.000001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the SI base unit kilogram -- QUDT Ratio of void volume and total volume of a porous material. Porosity Porosity https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622669 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=801-31-32 Ratio of void volume and total volume of a porous material. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.P04762 Property of a solute in a solution. StandardAbsoluteActivityOfSolution StandardAbsoluteActivity StandardAbsoluteActivityOfSolution https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q89485936 9-26 Property of a solute in a solution. 1.0 0.0 One radioactive disintegration per thousand seconds per 1000th SI unit of sample mass. -- QUDT MilliBecquerelPerGram Millibecquerels per gram MilliBecquerelPerGram http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliBQ-PER-GM mBq.g-1 mBq/g One radioactive disintegration per thousand seconds per 1000th SI unit of sample mass. -- QUDT A law that provides a connection between a material property and other properties of the object. MaterialLaw MaterialLaw A law that provides a connection between a material property and other properties of the object. A scientific theory that focuses on a specific phenomena, for which a single statement (not necessariliy in mathematical form) can be expressed. NaturalLaw NaturalLaw A scientific theory that focuses on a specific phenomena, for which a single statement (not necessariliy in mathematical form) can be expressed. A quantity obtained from a well-defined modelling procedure. ModelledProperty ModelledProperty A quantity obtained from a well-defined modelling procedure. In physics, a partition function describes the statistical properties of a system in thermodynamic equilibrium. Partition functions are functions of the thermodynamic state variables, such as the temperature and volume. Most of the aggregate thermodynamic variables of the system, such as the total energy, free energy, entropy, and pressure, can be expressed in terms of the partition function or its derivatives. The partition function is dimensionless. Sum over quantum states of energy in a system in equilibrium. CanonicalPartitionFunction CanonicalPartitionFunction https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/CanonicalPartitionFunction https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96142389 9-35.2 Sum over quantum states of energy in a system in equilibrium. In physics, a partition function describes the statistical properties of a system in thermodynamic equilibrium. Partition functions are functions of the thermodynamic state variables, such as the temperature and volume. Most of the aggregate thermodynamic variables of the system, such as the total energy, free energy, entropy, and pressure, can be expressed in terms of the partition function or its derivatives. The partition function is dimensionless. 1e-06 0.0 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit volt -- QUDT MicroVolt MicroVolt http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroV uV µV 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit volt -- QUDT 1.0 0.0 product of the SI derived unit newton and the SI base unit second -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit NewtonSecond Newton Second NewtonSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/N-SEC N.s N⋅s product of the SI derived unit newton and the SI base unit second -- QUDT z 1e-21 SI prefix who's value is 1e-21. Zepto Zepto SI prefix who's value is 1e-21. duration of one cycle of a periodic event PeriodDuration Period PeriodDuration https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Period https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2642727 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=103-06-01 3-14 duration of one cycle of a periodic event https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.P04493 Physical quantity for describing the temporal distance between events. Duration Duration https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2199864 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-01-13 3-9 Physical quantity for describing the temporal distance between events. 0.001 0.0 0.001-fold of the SI derived unit henry divided by the SI derived unit ohm -- QUDT MilliHenryPerOhm Millihenry Per Ohm MilliHenryPerOhm http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliH-PER-OHM mH.Ohm-1 mH/Ω 0.001-fold of the SI derived unit henry divided by the SI derived unit ohm -- QUDT Quotient of Larmor angular frequency and 2π. LarmonFrequency LarmonFrequency 10-15.2 Quotient of Larmor angular frequency and 2π. Number of periods per time interval. Frequency Frequency http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Frequency https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11652 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=103-06-02 3-15.1 Number of periods per time interval. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.FT07383 The Rydberg constant represents the limiting value of the highest wavenumber (the inverse wavelength) of any photon that can be emitted from the hydrogen atom, or, alternatively, the wavenumber of the lowest-energy photon capable of ionizing the hydrogen atom from its ground state. RybergConstant RybergConstant http://qudt.org/vocab/constant/RydbergConstant The Rydberg constant represents the limiting value of the highest wavenumber (the inverse wavelength) of any photon that can be emitted from the hydrogen atom, or, alternatively, the wavenumber of the lowest-energy photon capable of ionizing the hydrogen atom from its ground state. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.R05430 Reciprocal of the wavelength. The number of waves per unit length along the direction of propagation. Wavenumber Repetency Wavenumber https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Wavenumber https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192510 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=103-10-11 https://dbpedia.org/page/Wavenumber 3-18 Reciprocal of the wavelength. The number of waves per unit length along the direction of propagation. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wavenumber https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.W06664 6.94 3 Atom subclass for lithium. LithiumAtom LithiumAtom Atom subclass for lithium. 1.0 0.0 `Kilogram Kelvin` is a unit for 'Mass Temperature' expressed as kg-K. -- QUDT KilogramKelvin Kilogram Kelvin KilogramKelvin http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloGM-K kg.K kg⋅K `Kilogram Kelvin` is a unit for 'Mass Temperature' expressed as kg-K. -- QUDT T0 L0 M+1 I0 Θ+1 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'MassTemperature'. MassTemperatureUnit MassTemperatureUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'MassTemperature'. 1000.0 0.0 1 000-fold of the SI derived unit joule -- QUDT KiloJoule KiloJoule http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloJ kJ kJ 1 000-fold of the SI derived unit joule -- QUDT SandMolds SandMolds FormingFromPowder FormingFromPowder T-6 L+4 M+2 I-2 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'LorenzNumber'. LorenzNumberUnit LorenzNumberUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'LorenzNumber'. 0.0001 0.0 0.0001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram -- QUDT DeciGram DeciGram http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/DeciGM dg dg 0.0001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram -- QUDT A representation of objects belonging to the chemistry field. ChemicalRepresentation ChemicalRepresentation A representation of objects belonging to the chemistry field. Ratio of the mass of water vapour to the mass of dry air in a given volume of air. The mixing ratio at saturation is denoted xsat. MixingRatio MassRatioOfWaterVapourToDryGas MixingRatio https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76378940 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-04-62 5-30 Ratio of the mass of water vapour to the mass of dry air in a given volume of air. 173.054 70 Atom subclass for ytterbium. YtterbiumAtom YtterbiumAtom Atom subclass for ytterbium. A solution is a homogeneous mixture composed of two or more substances. Solutions are characterized by the occurrence of Rayleigh scattering on light, Solution Solution A solution is a homogeneous mixture composed of two or more substances. A material in which distributed particles of one phase are dispersed in a different continuous phase. Dispersion Dispersion A material in which distributed particles of one phase are dispersed in a different continuous phase. A single phase mixture. PhaseHomogeneousMixture PhaseHomogeneousMixture A single phase mixture. 0.001 0.0 0,001 fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the SI base unit kilogram -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit GramPerKilogram Gram Per Kilogram GramPerKilogram http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/GM-PER-KiloGM g.kg-1 g/kg g/kg 0,001 fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the SI base unit kilogram -- QUDT Am The symbol that stands for the americium atom. AmericiumSymbol AmericiumSymbol The symbol that stands for the americium atom. Watt Per Square Meter Per Quartic Kelvin (W/m2·K4) is a unit in the category of light. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit WattPerSquareMetreQuarticKelvin Watt per Square Metre Quartic Kelvin WattPerSquareMetreQuarticKelvin http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/W-PER-M2-K4 W.m-2.K-4 W/(m²⋅K⁴) Watt Per Square Meter Per Quartic Kelvin (W/m2·K4) is a unit in the category of light. -- QUDT T-3 L0 M+1 I0 Θ-4 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'MassPerCubicTimeQuarticTemperature'. MassPerCubicTimeQuarticTemperatureUnit MassPerCubicTimeQuarticTemperatureUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'MassPerCubicTimeQuarticTemperature'. The inverse of length. ReciprocalLength InverseLength ReciprocalLength http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/InverseLength The inverse of length. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reciprocal_length 10.81 5 Atom subclass for boron. BoronAtom BoronAtom Atom subclass for boron. 0.001 0.0 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit volt divided by the SI base unit metre -- QUDT MilliVoltPerMetre Millivolt Per Metre MilliVoltPerMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliV-PER-M mV.m-1 mV/m 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit volt divided by the SI base unit metre -- QUDT Pb The symbol that stands for the lead atom. LeadSymbol LeadSymbol The symbol that stands for the lead atom. Quantity characterizing the variation with thermodynamic temperature T of the volume V of a body, under given conditions. alpha_V = (1/V) * (dV/dT) CubicExpansionCoefficient CubicExpansionCoefficient https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/CubicExpansionCoefficient https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q74761076 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-04-28 5-3.2 Quantity characterizing the variation with thermodynamic temperature T of the volume V of a body, under given conditions. Gibbs energy per amount of substance. MolarGibbsEnergy MolarGibbsEnergy https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q88863324 9-6.4 Gibbs energy per amount of substance. 1000.0 0.0 KiloNewtonSquareMetre Kilo Newton Square Metre KiloNewtonSquareMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloN-M2 kN⋅m² M 1000000.0 SI prefix who's value is 1e6. Mega Mega SI prefix who's value is 1e6. 20.1797 10 Atom subclass for neon. NeonAtom NeonAtom Atom subclass for neon. Angular frequency divided by angular wavenumber. PhaseSpeedOfElectromagneticWaves PhaseSpeedOfElectromagneticWaves https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ElectromagneticWavePhaseSpeed https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77990619 6-35.1 Angular frequency divided by angular wavenumber. Length per unit time. Speed in the absolute value of the velocity. Speed Speed http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Speed 3-8.2 Length per unit time. Speed in the absolute value of the velocity. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.S05852 1.0 0.0 "Kilogram Square Meter" is a unit for 'Moment Of Inertia' expressed as kg-m². -- QUDT KilogramSquareMetre Kilogram Square Metre KilogramSquareMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloGM-M2 kg.m2 kg⋅m² "Kilogram Square Meter" is a unit for 'Moment Of Inertia' expressed as kg-m². -- QUDT Dimensionless quantity in electromagnetism. QualityFactor QualityFactor https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/QualityFactor https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79467569 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=151-15-45 6-53 Dimensionless quantity in electromagnetism. Fundamental translation vectors for the reciprocal lattice. FundamentalReciprocalLatticeVector FundamentalReciprocalLatticeVector https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/FundamentalReciprocalLatticeVector https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105475399 12-2.2 Fundamental translation vectors for the reciprocal lattice. 1.0 0.0 Np The neper is a logarithmic unit for ratios of measurements of physical field and power quantities, such as gain and loss of electronic signals. It has the unit symbol Np. The unit's name is derived from the name of John Napier, the inventor of logarithms. As is the case for the decibel and bel, the neper is not a unit in the International System of Units (SI), but it is accepted for use alongside the SI. Like the decibel, the neper is a unit in a logarithmic scale. While the bel uses the decadic (base-10) logarithm to compute ratios, the neper uses the natural logarithm, based on Euler's number -- QUDT Unit of measurement for quantities of type level or level difference, which are defined as the natural logarithm of the ratio of power- or field-type quantities. The value of a ratio in nepers is given by `ln(x1/x2)` where `x1` and `x2` are the values of interest (amplitudes), and ln is the natural logarithm. When the values are quadratic in the amplitude (e.g. power), they are first linearised by taking the square root before the logarithm is taken, or equivalently the result is halved. Wikipedia Neper Neper C50 http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/NP Np http://dbpedia.org/page/Neper Unit of measurement for quantities of type level or level difference, which are defined as the natural logarithm of the ratio of power- or field-type quantities. The value of a ratio in nepers is given by `ln(x1/x2)` where `x1` and `x2` are the values of interest (amplitudes), and ln is the natural logarithm. When the values are quadratic in the amplitude (e.g. power), they are first linearised by taking the square root before the logarithm is taken, or equivalently the result is halved. Wikipedia The neper is a logarithmic unit for ratios of measurements of physical field and power quantities, such as gain and loss of electronic signals. It has the unit symbol Np. The unit's name is derived from the name of John Napier, the inventor of logarithms. As is the case for the decibel and bel, the neper is not a unit in the International System of Units (SI), but it is accepted for use alongside the SI. Like the decibel, the neper is a unit in a logarithmic scale. While the bel uses the decadic (base-10) logarithm to compute ratios, the neper uses the natural logarithm, based on Euler's number -- QUDT https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neper https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.N04106 131.293 54 Atom subclass for xenon. XenonAtom XenonAtom Atom subclass for xenon. 1000000000.0 0.0 Per Nanometer Unit is a denominator unit with dimensions /nm. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit PerNanoMetre ReciprocalNanoMetre PerNanoMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-NanoM /nm nm-1 /nm Per Nanometer Unit is a denominator unit with dimensions /nm. -- QUDT 1e-15 0.0 The `femtometre` is an SI unit of length equal to 10⁻¹⁵ meter. This distance can also be called `fermi` and was so named in honour of Enrico Fermi. It is often encountered in nuclear physics as a characteristic of this scale. The symbol for the fermi is also fm. -- QUDT FemtoMetre FemtoMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/FemtoM fm fm The `femtometre` is an SI unit of length equal to 10⁻¹⁵ meter. This distance can also be called `fermi` and was so named in honour of Enrico Fermi. It is often encountered in nuclear physics as a characteristic of this scale. The symbol for the fermi is also fm. -- QUDT 1.0 0.0 Kelvin metre. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit KelvinMetre KelvinMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/K-M K.m K⋅m Kelvin metre. T0 L+1 M0 I0 Θ+1 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'LengthTemperature'. LengthTemperatureUnit LengthTemperatureUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'LengthTemperature'. One-dimensional subspace of space-time, which is locally orthogonal to space. The indefinite continued progress of existence and events that occur in apparently irreversible succession from the past through the present to the future. Time can be seen as the duration of an event or, more operationally, as "what clocks read". Time Time http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Time One-dimensional subspace of space-time, which is locally orthogonal to space. 3-7 The indefinite continued progress of existence and events that occur in apparently irreversible succession from the past through the present to the future. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.T06375 1000000000.0 0.0 product of the 1 000 000 000-fold of the SI derived unit hertz and the SI base unit metre -- QUDT GigaHertzMetre Gigahertz Metre GigaHertzMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/GigaHZ-M GHz.m GHz⋅M product of the 1 000 000 000-fold of the SI derived unit hertz and the SI base unit metre -- QUDT The entity (or agent, or observer, or cognitive entity) who connects 'Sign', 'Interpretant' and 'Object'. The interpreter is not the ontologist, being the ontologist acting outside the ontology at the meta-ontology level. On the contrary, the interpreter is an agent recognized by the ontologist. The semiotic branch of the EMMO is the tool used by the ontologist to represent an interpreter's semiotic activity. Interpreter For example, the ontologist may be interest in cataloguing in the EMMO how the same object (e.g. a cat) is addressed using different signs (e.g. cat, gatto, chat) by different interpreters (e.g. english, italian or french people). The same applies for the results of measurements: the ontologist may be interest to represent in the EMMO how different measurement processes (i.e. semiosis) lead to different quantitative results (i.e. signs) according to different measurement devices (i.e. interpreters). Interpreter EquivalentTo. Cogniser or Declarer or Deducer The entity (or agent, or observer, or cognitive entity) who connects 'Sign', 'Interpretant' and 'Object'. The interpreter is not the ontologist, being the ontologist acting outside the ontology at the meta-ontology level. On the contrary, the interpreter is an agent recognized by the ontologist. The semiotic branch of the EMMO is the tool used by the ontologist to represent an interpreter's semiotic activity. Mean duration required for the decay of one half of the atoms or nuclei. HalfLife HalfLife https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Half-Life https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98118544 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=395-01-12 10-31 Mean duration required for the decay of one half of the atoms or nuclei. 0.1 0.0 Decisiemens per metre. -- QUDT DeciSiemensPerMetre decisiemens per metre DeciSiemensPerMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/DeciS-PER-M dS.m-1 dS/m dS/m Decisiemens per metre. -- QUDT 293.208 117 Atom subclass for tennessine. TennessineAtom TennessineAtom Atom subclass for tennessine. 1.0 0.0 volume ratio consisting of the 0.000 001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit CubicCentiMetrePerCubicCentiMetre Cubic Centimetre Per Cubic Centimetre CubicCentiMetrePerCubicCentiMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/CentiM3-PER-CentiM3 cm3.cm-3 cm3/cm3 cm³/cm³ volume ratio consisting of the 0.000 001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT Unit for quantities of dimension one that are the fraction of two volumes. VolumeFractionUnit Unit for volume fraction. VolumeFractionUnit Unit for quantities of dimension one that are the fraction of two volumes. PaperManufacturing PaperManufacturing FormingFromChip FormingFromChip An icon that focus on WHERE/WHEN the object is, in the sense of spatial or temporal shape. An icon that mimics the spatial or temporal shape of the object. ResemblanceIcon A geographical map that imitates the shape of the landscape and its properties at a specific historical time. ResemblanceIcon An icon that mimics the spatial or temporal shape of the object. An icon that focus on WHERE/WHEN the object is, in the sense of spatial or temporal shape. The subclass of icon inspired by Peirceian category a) the image, which depends on a simple quality (e.g. picture). A standalone atom with an unbalanced number of electrons with respect to its atomic number. The ion_atom is the basic part of a pure ionic bonded compound i.e. without eclectron sharing, IonAtom IonAtom A standalone atom with an unbalanced number of electrons with respect to its atomic number. A standalone atom can be bonded with other atoms by intermolecular forces (i.e. dipole–dipole, London dispersion force, hydrogen bonding), since this bonds does not involve electron sharing. An atom that does not share electrons with other atoms. StandaloneAtom StandaloneAtom An atom that does not share electrons with other atoms. T0 L+3 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'Volume'. VolumeUnit VolumeUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'Volume'. T-2 L-2 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'FrequencyPerAreaTime'. FrequencyPerAreaTimeUnit FrequencyPerAreaTimeUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'FrequencyPerAreaTime'. 1e-06 0.0 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit becquerel -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit MicroBecquerel MicroBecquerel http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroBQ uBq μBq 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit becquerel -- QUDT A unit that belongs to one or more unit systems. SystemUnit SystemUnit A unit that belongs to one or more unit systems. F The symbol that stands for the fluorine atom. FluorineSymbol FluorineSymbol The symbol that stands for the fluorine atom. 1000.0 0.0 SI derived unit volt divided by the 0.001-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit VoltPerMilliMetre Volt Per Millimetre VoltPerMilliMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/V-PER-MilliM V.mm-1 V/mm SI derived unit volt divided by the 0.001-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT A measurement result generally contains “relevant information” about the set of measured quantity properties, such that some may be more representative of the measured quantity than others. This may be expressed in the form of a probability density function (pdf). Result of a measurement. A set of quantites being attributed to a measurand (measured quantitative property) together with any other available relevant information, like measurement uncertainty. -- VIM MeasurementResult MeasurementResult Result of a measurement. A set of quantites being attributed to a measurand (measured quantitative property) together with any other available relevant information, like measurement uncertainty. -- VIM measurement result A measurement result generally contains “relevant information” about the set of measured quantity properties, such that some may be more representative of the measured quantity than others. This may be expressed in the form of a probability density function (pdf). A measurement result has the measured quantity, measurement uncertainty and other relevant attributes as holistic parts. 1.0 0.0 Per metre and second. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit PerMetreSecond ReciprocalMetreSecond PerMetreSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-M-SEC m-1.s-1 /(m⋅s) Per metre and second. T-1 L-1 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'PerLengthTime'. PerLengthTimeUnit PerLengthTimeUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'PerLengthTime'. A coarse dispersion of liquid in a solid continuum phase. SolidLiquidSuspension SolidLiquidSuspension A coarse dispersion of liquid in a solid continuum phase. SolidMixture SolidMixture A quantum is the EMMO mereological atomistic and causal reductionistic entity. To avoid confusion with the concept of atom coming from physics and to underline the causal reductionistic approach, we will use the expression quantum mereology, instead of atomistic mereology. A quantum is the most fundamental item of the EMMO (both mereologically and causally) and is considered causally self-connected by definition. The quantum concept recalls the fact that there is lower epistemological limit to our knowledge of the universe, related to the uncertainity principle. In the EMMO, space and time emerge following the network of causal connections between quantum objects. So quantum objects are adimensional objects, that precede space and time dimensions: they are simple beings (in greek οντα). Using physics concepts, we can think the quantum as an elementary particle (e.g. an electron) in a specific state between two causal interactions. A quantum stands for an incoming or outcoming real particle in a Feynman diagram. Q(x) ≡ ¬∃y(PP(y,x)) The class of the mereological and causal fundamental entities having no proper parts Quantum RealParticle From a physics perspective a quantum can be related to smallest identifiable entities, according to the limits imposed by the uncertainty principle in space and time measurements. However, the quantum mereotopology approach is not restricted only to physics. For example, in a manpower management ontology, a quantum can stand for an hour (time) of a worker (space) activity. Quantum A quantum is the most fundamental item of the EMMO (both mereologically and causally) and is considered causally self-connected by definition. The quantum concept recalls the fact that there is lower epistemological limit to our knowledge of the universe, related to the uncertainity principle. In the EMMO, space and time emerge following the network of causal connections between quantum objects. So quantum objects are adimensional objects, that precede space and time dimensions: they are simple beings (in greek οντα). Using physics concepts, we can think the quantum as an elementary particle (e.g. an electron) in a specific state between two causal interactions. A quantum stands for an incoming or outcoming real particle in a Feynman diagram. Q(x) ≡ ¬∃y(PP(y,x)) The class of the mereological and causal fundamental entities having no proper parts A quantum is the EMMO mereological atomistic and causal reductionistic entity. To avoid confusion with the concept of atom coming from physics and to underline the causal reductionistic approach, we will use the expression quantum mereology, instead of atomistic mereology. ContinuousCasting ContinuousCasting 1.0 0.0 "Hertz per Tesla" is a unit for 'Electric Charge Per Mass' expressed as Hz T⁻¹. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit HertzPerTesla Hertz per Tesla HertzPerTesla http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/HZ-PER-T Hz.T-1 Hz/T "Hertz per Tesla" is a unit for 'Electric Charge Per Mass' expressed as Hz T⁻¹. -- QUDT Mg The symbol that stands for the magnesium atom. MagnesiumSymbol MagnesiumSymbol The symbol that stands for the magnesium atom. Inverse of the reluctance. Permeance Permeance https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Permeance https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77997985 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=131-12-29 6-40 Inverse of the reluctance. 281.166 111 Atom subclass for roentgenium. RoentgeniumAtom RoentgeniumAtom Atom subclass for roentgenium. 1e-06 0.0 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit henry divided by the SI base unit metre -- QUDT MicroHenryPerMetre Microhenry Per Metre MicroHenryPerMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroH-PER-M uH.m-1 μH/m 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit henry divided by the SI base unit metre -- QUDT 259.101 102 Atom subclass for nobelium. NobeliumAtom NobeliumAtom Atom subclass for nobelium. 232.0377 90 Atom subclass for thorium. ThoriumAtom ThoriumAtom Atom subclass for thorium. 1.0 0.0 mass ratio consisting of the 0.001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the 0.001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit GramPerGram Gram Per Gram GramPerGram http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/GM-PER-GM g.g-1 g/g g/g mass ratio consisting of the 0.001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the 0.001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram. -- QUDT 1.0 0.0 Kilogram per cubic metre is an SI derived unit of density, defined by mass in kilograms divided by volume in cubic metres. The official SI symbolic abbreviation is kg . m⁻³, or equivalently either kg/m³. -- QUDT KilogramPerCubicMetre Kilogram per Cubic Metre KilogramPerCubicMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloGM-PER-M3 kg.m-3 kg/m3 kg/m³ Kilogram per cubic metre is an SI derived unit of density, defined by mass in kilograms divided by volume in cubic metres. The official SI symbolic abbreviation is kg . m⁻³, or equivalently either kg/m³. -- QUDT J SI unit for energy. The SI unit of work or energy, defined to be the work done by a force of one newton acting to move an object through a distance of one meter in the direction in which the force is applied. Equivalently, since kinetic energy is one half the mass times the square of the velocity, one joule is the kinetic energy of a mass of two kilograms moving at a velocity of 1 m/s. -- QUDT Joule Joule JOU http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/J J http://dbpedia.org/resource/Joule SI unit for energy. The SI unit of work or energy, defined to be the work done by a force of one newton acting to move an object through a distance of one meter in the direction in which the force is applied. Equivalently, since kinetic energy is one half the mass times the square of the velocity, one joule is the kinetic energy of a mass of two kilograms moving at a velocity of 1 m/s. -- QUDT http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joule?oldid=494340406 https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.J03363 227.02775 89 Atom subclass for actinium. ActiniumAtom ActiniumAtom Atom subclass for actinium. Factor by which the phase velocity of light is reduced in a medium. RefractiveIndex RefractiveIndex http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/RefractiveIndex Factor by which the phase velocity of light is reduced in a medium. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.R05240 The DBpedia definition (http://dbpedia.org/page/Avogadro_constant) is outdated as May 20, 2019. It is now an exact quantity. The number of constituent particles, usually atoms or molecules, that are contained in the amount of substance given by one mole. It defines the base unit mole in the SI system. AvogadroConstant AvogadroConstant http://qudt.org/vocab/constant/AvogadroConstant The number of constituent particles, usually atoms or molecules, that are contained in the amount of substance given by one mole. It defines the base unit mole in the SI system. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.A00543 A zero-manifold of only one point. Point Point A zero-manifold of only one point. A topological space with the property that each point has a neighborhood that is homeomorphic to an open subset of 0-dimensional Euclidean space. ZeroManifold 0-manifold ZeroManifold A topological space with the property that each point has a neighborhood that is homeomorphic to an open subset of 0-dimensional Euclidean space. A 'Semiosis' that involves an 'Observer' that perceives another 'Physical' (the 'Object') through a specific perception mechanism and produces a 'Property' (the 'Sign') that stands for the result of that particular perception according to a well defined conventional procedure. Determination Characterisation Assigning the word "red" as sign for an object provides an information to all other interpreters about the outcome of a specific observation procedure according to the determiner. Determination EquivalentTo: Estimation or Observation A 'Semiosis' that involves an 'Observer' that perceives another 'Physical' (the 'Object') through a specific perception mechanism and produces a 'Property' (the 'Sign') that stands for the result of that particular perception according to a well defined conventional procedure. 1.0 0.0 KilogramPerSquareSecond Kilogram per Square Second KilogramPerSquareSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloGM-PER-SEC2 kg.s-2 kg/s2 kg/s² T+2 L-2 M-1 I+2 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'MagneticReluctance'. MagneticReluctanceUnit MagneticReluctanceUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'MagneticReluctance'. The name “thermal resistance” and the symbol R are used in building technology to designate thermal insulance. Thermodynamic temperature difference divided by heat flow rate. ThermalResistance ThermalResistance https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ThermalResistance https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899628 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-04-45 5-12 Thermodynamic temperature difference divided by heat flow rate. Average number of fission neutrons, both prompt and delayed, emitted per neutron absorbed in a fissionable nuclide or in a nuclear fuel, as specified. NeutronYieldPerAbsorption NeutronYieldPerAbsorption https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/NeutronYieldPerAbsorption https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q99159075 10-74.2 Average number of fission neutrons, both prompt and delayed, emitted per neutron absorbed in a fissionable nuclide or in a nuclear fuel, as specified. A pure number, typically the number of something. According to the SI brochure counting does not automatically qualify a quantity as an amount of substance. This quantity is used only to describe the outcome of a counting process, without regard of the type of entities. There are also some quantities that cannot be described in terms of the seven base quantities of the SI, but have the nature of a count. Examples are a number of molecules, a number of cellular or biomolecular entities (for example copies of a particular nucleic acid sequence), or degeneracy in quantum mechanics. Counting quantities are also quantities with the associated unit one. PureNumberQuantity 1, i, π, the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom PureNumberQuantity A pure number, typically the number of something. 1.0 0.0 Radian per metre. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit RadianPerMetre http://www.iso.org/iso/catalogue_detail?csnumber=31897 RadianPerMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/RAD-PER-M rad.m-1 rad/m Radian per metre. A data representing 32-bit integer number. IntData https://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#int IntData EquivalentTo: hasDataValue some xsd:int A data representing 32-bit integer number. Square metre and quartic Hertz. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit SquareMetreQuarticHertz SquareMetreQuarticHertz http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M2-HZ4 m2.Hz4 m²⋅Hz⁴ Square metre and quartic Hertz. Derived unit for the product of the temperature in degrees Celsius and the mass density of a medium, integrated over vertical depth or height in metres. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit DegreeCelsiusKilogramPerSquareMetre Degrees Celsius kilogram per square metre DegreeCelsiusKilogramPerSquareMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/DEG_C-KiloGM-PER-M2 Cel.kg.m-2 °C⋅kg/m² Derived unit for the product of the temperature in degrees Celsius and the mass density of a medium, integrated over vertical depth or height in metres. -- QUDT T0 L-2 M+1 I0 Θ+1 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'TemperatureMassPerArea'. TemperatureMassPerAreaUnit TemperatureMassPerAreaUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'TemperatureMassPerArea'. A meson with total spin 1 and even parity. PseudovectorMeson PseudovectorMeson A meson with total spin 1 and even parity. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudovector_meson 1.0 0.0 Square metre per Joule. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit SquareMetrePerJoule SquareMetrePerJoule http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M2-PER-J m2.J-1 m²/j Square metre per Joule. T+2 L0 M-1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'SquareTimePerMass'. SquareTimePerMassUnit SquareTimePerMassUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'SquareTimePerMass'. 1.0 0.0 Kelvin metre per second. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit KelvinMetrePerSecond KelvinMetrePerSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/K-M-PER-SEC K.m.s-1 K⋅m/s Kelvin metre per second. T-1 L+1 M0 I0 Θ+1 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'TemperatureLengthPerTime'. TemperatureLengthPerTimeUnit TemperatureLengthPerTimeUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'TemperatureLengthPerTime'. Cd The symbol that stands for the cadmium atom. CadmiumSymbol CadmiumSymbol The symbol that stands for the cadmium atom. A 'Sign' can have temporal-direct-parts which are 'Sign' themselves. A 'Sign' usually havs 'sign' spatial direct parts only up to a certain elementary semiotic level, in which the part is only a 'Physical' and no more a 'Sign' (i.e. it stands for nothing). This elementary semiotic level is peculiar to each particular system of signs (e.g. text, painting). Just like an 'Elementary' in the 'Physical' branch, each 'Sign' branch should have an a-tomistic mereological part. An 'Physical' that is used as sign ("semeion" in greek) that stands for another 'Physical' through an semiotic process. Sign A novel is made of chapters, paragraphs, sentences, words and characters (in a direct parthood mereological hierarchy). Each of them are 'sign'-s. A character can be the a-tomistic 'sign' for the class of texts. The horizontal segment in the character "A" is direct part of "A" but it is not a 'sign' itself. For plain text we can propose the ASCII symbols, for math the fundamental math symbols. Sign EquivalentTo: Index or Conventional or Icon An 'Physical' that is used as sign ("semeion" in greek) that stands for another 'Physical' through an semiotic process. A 'Sign' can have temporal-direct-parts which are 'Sign' themselves. A 'Sign' usually havs 'sign' spatial direct parts only up to a certain elementary semiotic level, in which the part is only a 'Physical' and no more a 'Sign' (i.e. it stands for nothing). This elementary semiotic level is peculiar to each particular system of signs (e.g. text, painting). Just like an 'Elementary' in the 'Physical' branch, each 'Sign' branch should have an a-tomistic mereological part. According to Peirce, 'Sign' includes three subcategories: - symbols: that stand for an object through convention - indeces: that stand for an object due to causal continguity - icons: that stand for an object due to similitudes e.g. in shape or composition 1e-06 0.0 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit joule -- QUDT MicroJoule Micro Joule MicroJoule http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroJ µJ 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit joule -- QUDT The velocity depends on the choice of the reference frame. Proper transformation between frames must be used: Galilean for non-relativistic description, Lorentzian for relativistic description. -- IEC, note 2 The velocity is related to a point described by its position vector. The point may localize a particle, or be attached to any other object such as a body or a wave. -- IEC, note 1 Vector quantity giving the rate of change of a position vector. -- ISO 80000-3 Velocity Velocity http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Velocity https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11465 3-8.1 3‑10.1 Vector quantity giving the rate of change of a position vector. -- ISO 80000-3 1-dimensional array who's spatial direct parts are numbers. Vector 1DArray LinearArray Vector 1-dimensional array who's spatial direct parts are numbers. 1000.0 0.0 `Ampere per gram` is a practical unit to describe an (applied) current relative to the involved amount of material. This unit is often found in electrochemistry to standardize test conditions and compare various scales of investigated materials. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit AmperePerGram Ampere per Gram AmperePerGram http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/A-PER-GM A⋅/g `Ampere per gram` is a practical unit to describe an (applied) current relative to the involved amount of material. This unit is often found in electrochemistry to standardize test conditions and compare various scales of investigated materials. -- QUDT Inverse of the impendance. Admittance ComplexAdmittance Admittance https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Admittance https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214518 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=131-12-51 https://dbpedia.org/page/Admittance 6-52.1 Inverse of the impendance. The rest mass of a proton. ProtonMass ProtonMass http://qudt.org/vocab/constant/ProtonMass https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.P04914 Quotient of the initial kinetic energy Ek of an ionizing charged particle and the total ionization Ni produced by that particle. AverageEnergyLossPerElementaryChargeProduced AverageEnergyLossPerElementaryChargeProduced https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/AverageEnergyLossPerElementaryChargeProduced https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98793042 10-60 Quotient of the initial kinetic energy Ek of an ionizing charged particle and the total ionization Ni produced by that particle. MetallicPowderSintering MetallicPowderSintering Screwing (screwing on, screwing in, screwing tight) is joining by pressing on by means of a self-locking thread (from: DIN 8593 Part 3/09.85). Screwing Schrauben Screwing A collective term for the processes in which, during joining, the parts to be joined and any auxiliary parts are essentially only elastically deformed and unintentional loosening is prevented by frictional connection. Pressing Anpressen Pressing 78.971 34 Atom subclass for selenium. SeleniumAtom SeleniumAtom Atom subclass for selenium. Quotient of the mass of water vapour in moist gas by the total gas volume. The mass concentration of water at saturation is denoted vsat. MassConcentrationOfWaterVapour MassConcentrationOfWaterVapour https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MassConcentrationOfWaterVapour https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76378808 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-04-60 Quotient of the mass of water vapour in moist gas by the total gas volume. Mass of a constituent divided by the volume of the mixture. MassConcentration MassConcentration http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MassConcentration Mass of a constituent divided by the volume of the mixture. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.M03713 In condensed matter physics, quotient of momentum and the reduced Planck constant. AngularWaveNumber AngularRepetency AngularWaveNumber https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/AngularWavenumber https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105542089 12-9.1 In condensed matter physics, quotient of momentum and the reduced Planck constant. 1.0 0.0 Fraction is a unit for 'Dimensionless Ratio' expressed as the value of the ratio itself. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit Fraction Fraction http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/FRACTION ÷ Fraction is a unit for 'Dimensionless Ratio' expressed as the value of the ratio itself. -- QUDT 1e-06 0.0 0.000001-fold of the product out of the derived SI newton and the SI base unit metre -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit MicroNewtonMetre Micronewton Metre MicroNewtonMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroN-M uN.m μN⋅m 0.000001-fold of the product out of the derived SI newton and the SI base unit metre -- QUDT 1.0 0.0 KilogramSquareSecond Kilogram Square Second KilogramSquareSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloGM-SEC2 kg.s2 kg⋅s² T+2 L0 M+1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'MassSquareTime'. MassSquareTimeUnit MassSquareTimeUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'MassSquareTime'. Square root of the product of electron and hole density in a semiconductor. IntrinsicCarrierDensity IntrinsicCarrierDensity https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/IntinsicCarrierDensity https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1303188 12-29.3 Square root of the product of electron and hole density in a semiconductor. ConcreteOrPlasterPouring ConcreteOrPlasterPouring FormingFromPulp FormingFromPulp 268.126 105 Atom subclass for dubnium. DubniumAtom DubniumAtom Atom subclass for dubnium. 0.001 0.0 0.001-fold of the product of the SI derived unit pascal and the SI base unit second -- QUDT MilliPascalSecond Millipascal Second MilliPascalSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliPA-SEC mPa.s mPa⋅s 0.001-fold of the product of the SI derived unit pascal and the SI base unit second -- QUDT T-1 L-1 M+1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'MassPerLengthTime'. MassPerLengthTimeUnit MassPerLengthTimeUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'MassPerLengthTime'. Metric prefix defined in the SI system. SIPrefix SIPrefix Metric prefix defined in the SI system. Dimensionless multiplicative unit prefix. MetricPrefix https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metric_prefix MetricPrefix Dimensionless multiplicative unit prefix. A symbolic data representing a 64-bit floating point numbers incl. ±Inf, ±0, NaN. DoubleData https://www.w3.org/TR/2012/REC-xmlschema11-2-20120405/datatypes.html#double DoubleData EquivalentTo: hasDataValue some xsd:double A symbolic data representing a 64-bit floating point numbers incl. ±Inf, ±0, NaN. 1e-06 0.0 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit Siemens divided by the SI base unit metre -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit MicroSiemensPerMetre Microsiemens Per Metre MicroSiemensPerMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroS-PER-M uS.m-1 μS/m 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit Siemens divided by the SI base unit metre -- QUDT A causal system provides the most general concept of system, being a union of causal structures interacting together. In its most simple form, a causal system is an interlacement of causal paths (the most simple structure type). A causal system is always a spatial-like structure, and is represented as a multiple topologically orderable direct acyclic graph, with quanta as nodes and causality relations as edges. The class of individuals representing a causal system. CausalSystem A electron binded by a nucleus. CausalSystem A causal system provides the most general concept of system, being a union of causal structures interacting together. In its most simple form, a causal system is an interlacement of causal paths (the most simple structure type). A causal system is always a spatial-like structure, and is represented as a multiple topologically orderable direct acyclic graph, with quanta as nodes and causality relations as edges. DisjointUnionOf: FundamentalPhysicalSystem, GenericPhysicalSystem The class of individuals representing a causal system. A causal object whose properties variation are encoded by an agent and that can be decoded by another agent according to a specific rule. EncodedData is the class where inventions that don't actually exist would be placed. For example, the blueprint of a bridge is an encoded data. When the bridge will be built, than the blueprint will also be a semiotical entity. Another example is Superman, that exists only as a set of magazines, drawings, novels, movies, but not in the real world. Data EncodedContrast EncodedData A Radio Morse Code transmission can be addressed by combination of perspectives. Physicalistic: the electromagnetic pulses can be defined as individual A (of type Field) and the strip of paper coming out a printer receiver can be defined as individual B (of type Matter). Data: both A and B are also DiscreteData class individuals. In particular they may belong to a MorseData class, subclass of DiscreteData. Perceptual: B is an individual belonging to the graphical entities expressing symbols. In particular is a formula under the MorseLanguage class, made of a combination of . and - symbols. Semiotics: A and B can be signs if they refers to something else (e.g. a report about a fact, names). A signal through a cable. A sound wave. Words on a page. The pattern of excited states within a computer RAM. Data A causal object whose properties variation are encoded by an agent and that can be decoded by another agent according to a specific rule. EncodedData is the class where inventions that don't actually exist would be placed. For example, the blueprint of a bridge is an encoded data. When the bridge will be built, than the blueprint will also be a semiotical entity. Another example is Superman, that exists only as a set of magazines, drawings, novels, movies, but not in the real world. Variations in data are generated by an agent (not necessarily human) and are intended to be decoded by the same or another agent using the same encoding rules. Data are always generated by an agent but not necessarily possess a semantic meaning, either because it's lost or unknown or because simply they possess none (e.g. a random generation of symbols). A data object may be used as the physical basis for a sign, under Semiotics perspective. We call "decoding" the act of recognise the variation according to a particular rule and generate another equivalent schema (e.g. in the agent's cognitive apparatus, as another form of data). We call "interpreting" the act of providing semantic meaning to data, which is covered by the semiotic perspective. https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data A data is a causal object whose variations (non-uniformity) can be recognised and eventually interpreted. A data can be of different physical types (e.g., matter, wave, atomic excited states). How the variations are recognised and eventually decoded depends on the interpreting rules that characterise that type of data. Variations are pure physical variations and do not necessarily possess semantic meaning. A perspective in which entities are represented according to the variation of their properties. Contrast Luciano Floridi, "Information - A very Short Introduction", Oxford University Press., (2010) ISBN 978-0199551378 Dedomena Pattern Contrast A perspective in which entities are represented according to the variation of their properties. A data is a causal object whose variations (non-uniformity) can be recognised and eventually interpreted. A data can be of different physical types (e.g., matter, wave, atomic excited states). How the variations are recognised and eventually decoded depends on the interpreting rules that characterise that type of data. Variations are pure physical variations and do not necessarily possess semantic meaning. The covering axiom that defines the data class discriminates within all the possible causal objects between encoded or non encoded. A non encoded contrast (e.g. a temperature variation) can be represented by data that describes (e.g. the string "today it's warmer than yesterday") or quantifies (e.g. Monday 28 °C, Tuesday 30 °C) it through a semiotic process. Contrast that occurs naturally without an encoding agent producing it. NonEncodedContrast EnvironmentalData A cloud in the sky. The radiative spectrum of a star. NonEncodedContrast Contrast that occurs naturally without an encoding agent producing it. A non encoded contrast (e.g. a temperature variation) can be represented by data that describes (e.g. the string "today it's warmer than yesterday") or quantifies (e.g. Monday 28 °C, Tuesday 30 °C) it through a semiotic process. This is a really broad class that gathers all physical phenomena in which a contrast occurs naturally, such as cloud patterns, tree rings, stains. It doesn't mean that such contrasts cannot be used to deduce something: in fact they can be seen as indexes (in semiotic sense) of a causally connected phenomena. Simply, there is no agent behind that contrast with the intention to transmit data. 1e-06 0.0 0.000 001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the SI base unit mol -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit CubicCentiMetrePerMole Cubic Centimetre Per Mole CubicCentiMetrePerMole http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/CentiM3-PER-MOL cm3.mol-1 cm3/mol cm³/mol 0.000 001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the SI base unit mol -- QUDT T0 L+3 M0 I0 Θ0 N-1 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'VolumePerAmount'. VolumePerAmountUnit VolumePerAmountUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'VolumePerAmount'. The class of causal objects that stand for world objects according to a specific representational perspective. This class is the practical implementation of the EMMO pluralistic approach for which the only objective categorization is provided by the Universe individual and all the Quantum individuals. Between these two extremes, there are several subjective ways to categorize real world objects, each one provide under a 'Perspective' subclass. Perspective Perspective The class of causal objects that stand for world objects according to a specific representational perspective. This class is the practical implementation of the EMMO pluralistic approach for which the only objective categorization is provided by the Universe individual and all the Quantum individuals. Between these two extremes, there are several subjective ways to categorize real world objects, each one provide under a 'Perspective' subclass. For charged particles of a given type and energy E0 the differential quotient of E with respect to x, where E is the mean energy lost by the charged particles in traversing a distance x in the given material. TotalLinearStoppingPower LinearStoppingPower TotalLinearStoppingPower https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/TotalLinearStoppingPower https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q908474 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=395-01-27 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=881-12-49 10-54 For charged particles of a given type and energy E0 the differential quotient of E with respect to x, where E is the mean energy lost by the charged particles in traversing a distance x in the given material. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.S06035 Rate of change of the phase angle. AngularFrequency AngularFrequency https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/AngularFrequency https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=103-07-03 https://dbpedia.org/page/Angular_frequency 3-18 Rate of change of the phase angle. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angular_frequency https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.A00352 1.0 0.0 product out of the SI derived unit pascal and the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the SI base unit second -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit PascalCubicMetrePerSecond Pascal Cubic Metre Per Second PascalCubicMetrePerSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PA-M3-PER-SEC Pa.m3.s-1 Pa⋅m³/s product out of the SI derived unit pascal and the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the SI base unit second -- QUDT 91.224 40 Atom subclass for zirconium. ZirconiumAtom ZirconiumAtom Atom subclass for zirconium. 1.0 0.0 The SI derived unit of angular momentum. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit NewtonMetreSecond Newton Metre Second NewtonMetreSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/N-M-SEC N.m.s N⋅m⋅s The SI derived unit of angular momentum. -- QUDT http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SI_derived_unit Forming of a solid body, whereby the plastic state is essentially brought about by shear stress. ShearForming Schubumformen ShearForming 1.602177e-19 eV An electron volt (eV) is the energy that an electron gains when it travels through a potential of one volt. You can imagine that the electron starts at the negative plate of a parallel plate capacitor and accelerates to the positive plate, which is at one volt higher potential. Numerically 1 eV approximates 1.6x10⁻¹⁹ joules, where 1 joule is 6.2x10¹⁸ eV. For example, it would take 6.2x10²⁰ eV/sec to light a 100 watt light bulb. -- QUDT The amount of energy gained (or lost) by the charge of a single electron moving across an electric potential difference of one volt. ElectronVolt ElectronVolt A53 http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/EV eV http://dbpedia.org/page/Electronvolt The amount of energy gained (or lost) by the charge of a single electron moving across an electric potential difference of one volt. An electron volt (eV) is the energy that an electron gains when it travels through a potential of one volt. You can imagine that the electron starts at the negative plate of a parallel plate capacitor and accelerates to the positive plate, which is at one volt higher potential. Numerically 1 eV approximates 1.6x10⁻¹⁹ joules, where 1 joule is 6.2x10¹⁸ eV. For example, it would take 6.2x10²⁰ eV/sec to light a 100 watt light bulb. -- QUDT http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_volt?oldid=344021738 https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.E02014 A composite physical object is made of bonded objects (i.e. characterised by their quantum states using a Schrodinger equation approach) that are connected together by elementary particles travelling between them. These elemenentary particles are real particles, describing the existance of a classical field (e.g. Coulomb potential between charged particles). The class of physical objects possessing a structure that is larger than a single composite particle, for which its bosonic or fermionic nature is undetermined. CompositePhysicalObject CompositePhysicalObject A composite physical object is made of bonded objects (i.e. characterised by their quantum states using a Schrodinger equation approach) that are connected together by elementary particles travelling between them. These elemenentary particles are real particles, describing the existance of a classical field (e.g. Coulomb potential between charged particles). The class of physical objects possessing a structure that is larger than a single composite particle, for which its bosonic or fermionic nature is undetermined. PhysicalObjectByBond PhysicalObjectByBond "... in the 'classical' picture ordinary matter is made of atoms, in which electrons are held in orbit around a nucleus of protons and neutrons by the electrical attraction of opposite charges. We can now give this model a more sophisticated formulation by attributing the binding force to the exchange of photons between the electrons and the protons in the nucleus. However, for the purposes of atomic physics this is overkill, for in this context quantization of the electromagnetic field produces only minute effects (notably the Lamb shift and the anomalous magnetic moment of the electron). To excellent approximation we can pretend that the forces are given by Coulomb's law (together with various magnetic dipole couplings). The point is that in a bound state enormous numbers of photons are continually streaming back and forth, so that the "lumpiness" of the field is effectively smoothed out, and classical electrodynamics is a suitable approximation to the truth. But in most elementary particle processes, such as the photoelectric effect or Compton scattering, individual photons are involved, and quantization can no longer be ignored." D. Griffiths, "Introduction to elementary Particles", Wiley-VCH, 2004, pp.16-17 A bonded object is a sequence of fundamental interactions that can be described approximatively by Schrodinger formulation. A bonded object is typically characterised by having quantum states (e.g. electron states in an atom, energy levels of a molecule). Furthermore, a bonded object is made of elementary particles that travels from the beginning to the end of the entity (i.e. a bonded object doesn't change its components). BondedObject BondedObject A bonded object is a sequence of fundamental interactions that can be described approximatively by Schrodinger formulation. A bonded object is typically characterised by having quantum states (e.g. electron states in an atom, energy levels of a molecule). Furthermore, a bonded object is made of elementary particles that travels from the beginning to the end of the entity (i.e. a bonded object doesn't change its components). "... in the 'classical' picture ordinary matter is made of atoms, in which electrons are held in orbit around a nucleus of protons and neutrons by the electrical attraction of opposite charges. We can now give this model a more sophisticated formulation by attributing the binding force to the exchange of photons between the electrons and the protons in the nucleus. However, for the purposes of atomic physics this is overkill, for in this context quantization of the electromagnetic field produces only minute effects (notably the Lamb shift and the anomalous magnetic moment of the electron). To excellent approximation we can pretend that the forces are given by Coulomb's law (together with various magnetic dipole couplings). The point is that in a bound state enormous numbers of photons are continually streaming back and forth, so that the "lumpiness" of the field is effectively smoothed out, and classical electrodynamics is a suitable approximation to the truth. But in most elementary particle processes, such as the photoelectric effect or Compton scattering, individual photons are involved, and quantization can no longer be ignored." D. Griffiths, "Introduction to elementary Particles", Wiley-VCH, 2004, pp.16-17 IUPACNomencalture IUPACNomencalture Magnitude of the magnetic moment of an electron in a state with orbital angular momentum quantum number l=1 due to its orbital motion. BohrMagneton BohrMagneton https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q737120 10-9.2 Magnitude of the magnetic moment of an electron in a state with orbital angular momentum quantum number l=1 due to its orbital motion. T-3 L+2 M+1 I0 Θ-1 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'ThermalConductance'. ThermalConductanceUnit ThermalConductanceUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'ThermalConductance'. Olfactory Olfactory 1000.0 0.0 1 000-fold of the SI derived unit ohm -- QUDT KiloOhm KiloOhm http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloOHM kOhm kΩ 1 000-fold of the SI derived unit ohm -- QUDT T-3 L+2 M+1 I-2 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricResistance'. ElectricResistanceUnit ElectricResistanceUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricResistance'. 1000000.0 0.0 "Mega Hertz per Tesla" is a unit for 'Electric Charge Per Mass' expressed as MHz T⁻¹. -- QUDT MegaHertzPerTesla Mega Hertz per Tesla MegaHertzPerTesla http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MegaHZ-PER-T MHz.T-1 MHz/T "Mega Hertz per Tesla" is a unit for 'Electric Charge Per Mass' expressed as MHz T⁻¹. -- QUDT Measure of the extent and direction an object rotates about a reference point. AngularMomentum AngularMomentum http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/AngularMomentum 4-11 Measure of the extent and direction an object rotates about a reference point. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.A00353 A constituent of a system. Component Component SubClassOf: inverse (hasConstituent) some HolisticSystem A constituent of a system. An object which is an holistic spatial part of a object. Constituent ObjectPart A tire is a constituent of a car. Constituent An object which is an holistic spatial part of a object. 1.0 0.0 The SI unit of specific acoustic impedance. When sound waves pass through any physical substance the pressure of the waves causes the particles of the substance to move. The sound specific impedance is the ratio between the sound pressure and the particle velocity it produces. The specific impedance is 1 N · s · m⁻³ if unit pressure produces unit velocity. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit NewtonSecondPerCubicMetre Newton second per Cubic Metre NewtonSecondPerCubicMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/N-SEC-PER-M3 N.s.m-3 N⋅s/m³ The SI unit of specific acoustic impedance. When sound waves pass through any physical substance the pressure of the waves causes the particles of the substance to move. The sound specific impedance is the ratio between the sound pressure and the particle velocity it produces. The specific impedance is 1 N · s · m⁻³ if unit pressure produces unit velocity. -- QUDT T-1 L-2 M+1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'MassFlux'. MassFluxUnit MassFluxUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'MassFlux'. Discrete quantity; number of entities of a given kind in a system. NumberOfEntities NumberOfEntities https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q614112 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=112-01-09 9-1 Discrete quantity; number of entities of a given kind in a system. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.N04266 U The symbol that stands for the uranium atom. UraniumSymbol UraniumSymbol The symbol that stands for the uranium atom. 87.62 38 Atom subclass for strontium. StrontiumAtom StrontiumAtom Atom subclass for strontium. Under periodic conditions, ratio of the absolute value of the active power P to the apparent power S. PowerFactor PowerFactor https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/PowerFactor https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750454 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=131-11-46 6-58 Under periodic conditions, ratio of the absolute value of the active power P to the apparent power S. Differential quotient of N with respect to a, where N is the number of particles incident on a sphere of cross-sectional area a. ParticleFluence ParticleFluence https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ParticleFluence https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82965908 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=395-01-15 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=881-04-18 10-43 Differential quotient of N with respect to a, where N is the number of particles incident on a sphere of cross-sectional area a. Painting Painting A manufacturing in which an adherent layer of amorphous material is applied to a workpiece. CoatingManufacturing DIN 8580:2020 Beschichten CoatingManufacturing A manufacturing in which an adherent layer of amorphous material is applied to a workpiece. 1.0 0.0 Per Second Steradian Unit is a denominator unit with dimensions /sec-sr. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit PerSecondSteradian ReciprocalSecondSteradian PerSecondSteradian http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-SEC-SR /(s.sr) s-1.sr-1 /s⋅sr Per Second Steradian Unit is a denominator unit with dimensions /sec-sr. -- QUDT A liquid solution in which the solvent is water. AqueousSolution AqueousSolution A liquid solution in which the solvent is water. A liquid solution made of two or more component substances. LiquidSolution LiquidSolution A liquid solution made of two or more component substances. 1.0 0.0 Square metre per steradian and Joule. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit SquareMetrePerSteradianJoule SquareMetrePerSteradianJoule http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M2-PER-SR-J m2.sr-1.J-1 m²/(sr⋅J) Square metre per steradian and Joule. 1.0 0.0 Farad Per Meter (F/m) is a unit in the category of Electric permittivity. It is also known as farad/meter. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Farad Per Meter has a dimension of M-1L-3T4I2 where M is mass, L is length, T is time, and I is electric current. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit FaradPerMetre Farad per Metre FaradPerMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/FARAD-PER-M F.m-1 F/m F/m Farad Per Meter (F/m) is a unit in the category of Electric permittivity. It is also known as farad/meter. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Farad Per Meter has a dimension of M-1L-3T4I2 where M is mass, L is length, T is time, and I is electric current. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT 1.0 0.0 Cubic metre per Kelvin. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit CubicMetrePerKelvin CubicMetrePerKelvin http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M3-PER-K m3.K-1 m³/K Cubic metre per Kelvin. T0 L+3 M0 I0 Θ-1 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'VolumePerTemperature'. VolumePerTemperatureUnit VolumePerTemperatureUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'VolumePerTemperature'. Mass per unit area. AreaDensity AreaDensity http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/SurfaceDensity Mass per unit area. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.S06167 Matter composed of only matter particles, excluding anti-matter particles. OrdinaryMatter OrdinaryMatter Matter composed of only matter particles, excluding anti-matter particles. A composite physical object made of fermions (i.e. having mass and occupying space). Substance Substance Disjoint Union Of: MesoscopicSubstance, ContinuumSubstance A composite physical object made of fermions (i.e. having mass and occupying space). A variable is a symbolic object that stands for any other mathematical object, such as number, a vector, a matrix, a function, the argument of a function, a set, an element of a set. Variable x k Variable A variable is a symbolic object that stands for any other mathematical object, such as number, a vector, a matrix, a function, the argument of a function, a set, an element of a set. ChemicalName ChemicalName 1e-09 0.0 mass ratio as 0.000000001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the SI base unit kilogram -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit MicroGramPerKilogram Microgram Per Kilogram MicroGramPerKilogram http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroGM-PER-KiloGM ug.kg-1 ug/kg μg/kg mass ratio as 0.000000001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the SI base unit kilogram -- QUDT A 'Mathematical' entity that is made of a 'Numeral' and a 'MeasurementUnit' defined by a physical law, connected to a physical entity through a model perspective. Measurement is done according to the same model. In the same system of quantities, dim ρB = ML−3 is the quantity dimension of mass concentration of component B, and ML−3 is also the quantity dimension of mass density, ρ. ISO 80000-1 Measured or simulated 'physical propertiy'-s are always defined by a physical law, connected to a physical entity through a model perspective and measurement is done according to the same model. Systems of units suggests that this is the correct approach, since except for the fundamental units (length, time, charge) every other unit is derived by mathematical relations between these fundamental units, implying a physical laws or definitions. Measurement units of quantities of the same quantity dimension may be designated by the same name and symbol even when the quantities are not of the same kind. For example, joule per kelvin and J/K are respectively the name and symbol of both a measurement unit of heat capacity and a measurement unit of entropy, which are generally not considered to be quantities of the same kind. However, in some cases special measurement unit names are restricted to be used with quantities of specific kind only. For example, the measurement unit ‘second to the power minus one’ (1/s) is called hertz (Hz) when used for frequencies and becquerel (Bq) when used for activities of radionuclides. As another example, the joule (J) is used as a unit of energy, but never as a unit of moment of force, i.e. the newton metre (N · m). — quantities of the same kind have the same quantity dimension, — quantities of different quantity dimensions are always of different kinds, and — quantities having the same quantity dimension are not necessarily of the same kind. ISO 80000-1 PhysicalQuantity PhysicalQuantity DisjointUnionOf: DerivedQuantity, BaseQuantity A 'Mathematical' entity that is made of a 'Numeral' and a 'MeasurementUnit' defined by a physical law, connected to a physical entity through a model perspective. Measurement is done according to the same model. QuantityByPhysical QuantityByPhysical A role entity is categorized according to its relation with the whole, i.e. how it contribute to make a specific whole, and not as standalone entity. This class is expected to host the definition of world objects as they appear in its relation with the surrounding whole (being a part implies being surrounded by something bigger to which it contributes). For example. a human being is a stand alone type, but an instance of a human being can also be an instance of the type student (intended as a role) if it plays a part into a school environment (i.e., a student entity can exist only if it is part of a surrounding whole: the school). The role type requires that also the whole type depends on the existence of parts of a specific type (e.g., there is no school without students). An entity that is categorized according to its relation with a whole through a parthood relation and that contributes to it according to an holistic criterion, where the type of the whole is not the type of the part. Role HolisticPart Part Role A role entity is categorized according to its relation with the whole, i.e. how it contribute to make a specific whole, and not as standalone entity. This class is expected to host the definition of world objects as they appear in its relation with the surrounding whole (being a part implies being surrounded by something bigger to which it contributes). For example. a human being is a stand alone type, but an instance of a human being can also be an instance of the type student (intended as a role) if it plays a part into a school environment (i.e., a student entity can exist only if it is part of a surrounding whole: the school). The role type requires that also the whole type depends on the existence of parts of a specific type (e.g., there is no school without students). An entity that is categorized according to its relation with a whole through a parthood relation and that contributes to it according to an holistic criterion, where the type of the whole is not the type of the part. A coded that has been observed by an interpreter. Observed The biography of a person met by the author. Observed A coded that has been observed by an interpreter. 1e-06 0.0 A unit that is the 0.000001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the SI base unit mol multiplied by the SI base unit second. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit CubicCentiMetrePerMoleSecond Cubic centimeter per mole second CubicCentiMetrePerMoleSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/CentiM3-PER-MOL-SEC cm³/(mol⋅s) A unit that is the 0.000001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the SI base unit mol multiplied by the SI base unit second. -- QUDT T-1 L+3 M0 I0 Θ0 N-1 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'VolumePerAmountTime'. VolumePerAmountTimeUnit VolumePerAmountTimeUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'VolumePerAmountTime'. A procedure that has at least two procedures (tasks) as proper parts. Workflow Workflow A procedure that has at least two procedures (tasks) as proper parts. An 'equation' that stands for a 'physical_law' by mathematically defining the relations between physics_quantities. PhysicsEquation The Newton's equation of motion. The Schrödinger equation. The Navier-Stokes equation. PhysicsEquation An 'equation' that stands for a 'physical_law' by mathematically defining the relations between physics_quantities. Rh The symbol that stands for the rhodium atom. RhodiumSymbol RhodiumSymbol The symbol that stands for the rhodium atom. Derivative of velocity with respect to time. Acceleration Acceleration http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Acceleration 3-9.1 Derivative of velocity with respect to time. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.A00051 Number dN of spontaneous nuclear transitions or nuclear disintegrations for a radionuclide of amount N produced during a short time interval dt, divided by this time interval. Activity Activity https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Activity https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q317949 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=395-01-05 10-27 Number dN of spontaneous nuclear transitions or nuclear disintegrations for a radionuclide of amount N produced during a short time interval dt, divided by this time interval. https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/A00114 Quotient of a quantity by a duration. Rate Activity Specific absorption rate (SAR) Rate of rise Sampling rate Modulation rate Fading rate Rain rate Rate 112-03-18 Quotient of a quantity by a duration. 4.848137e-06 0.0 ″ "Arc Second" is a unit of angular measure, also called the `second of arc`, equal to 1/60 arcminute. One arcsecond is a very small angle: there are 1,296,000 in a circle. The SI recommends `double prime` ('') as the symbol for the arcsecond. The symbol has become common in astronomy, where very small angles are stated in milliarcseconds (mas). -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit Arcsecond ArcSecond SecondOfArc Arcsecond D62 http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/ARCSEC '' \" "Arc Second" is a unit of angular measure, also called the `second of arc`, equal to 1/60 arcminute. One arcsecond is a very small angle: there are 1,296,000 in a circle. The SI recommends `double prime` ('') as the symbol for the arcsecond. The symbol has become common in astronomy, where very small angles are stated in milliarcseconds (mas). -- QUDT http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minute_of_arc#Symbols.2C_abbreviations_and_subdivisions A meson with total spin 1 and odd parity. VectorMeson VectorMeson A meson with total spin 1 and odd parity. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vector_meson 1000000000.0 0.0 1 000 000 000-fold of the derived SI unit becquerel -- QUDT GigaBecquerel GigaBecquerel http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/GigaBQ GBq GBq 1 000 000 000-fold of the derived SI unit becquerel -- QUDT In nuclear physics, time derivative of the energy fluence. EnergyFluenceRate EnergyFluenceRate https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/EnergyFluenceRate https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98538655 10-47 In nuclear physics, time derivative of the energy fluence. Scalar quantity equal to the line integral of the magnetic field strength H along a specified path linking two points a and b. MagneticTension MagneticTension https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MagneticTension https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77993836 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=121-11-57 6-37.2 Scalar quantity equal to the line integral of the magnetic field strength H along a specified path linking two points a and b. A quantity whos value that cannot be univocally determined and depends on an agent (e.g. a human individual, a community). SubjectiveProperty The measure of beauty on a scale from 1 to 10. SubjectiveProperty A quantity whos value that cannot be univocally determined and depends on an agent (e.g. a human individual, a community). A coded conventional that cannot be univocally determined and depends on an agent (e.g. a human individual, a community) acting as black-box. The word subjective applies to property intrisically subjective or non-well defined. In general, when an black-box-like procedure is used for the definition of the property. This happens due to e.g. the complexity of the object, the lack of a underlying model for the representation of the object, the non-well specified meaning of the property symbols. A 'SubjectiveProperty' cannot be used to univocally compare 'Object'-s. e.g. you cannot evaluate the beauty of a person on objective basis. Subjective The beauty of that girl. The style of your clothing. Subjective A coded conventional that cannot be univocally determined and depends on an agent (e.g. a human individual, a community) acting as black-box. Quantity in condensed matter physics. EnergyDensityOfStates EnergyDensityOfStates https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/EnergyDensityOfStates https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105687031 12-16 Quantity in condensed matter physics. quotient of the number of vibrational modes in an infinitesimal interval of angular frequency, and the product of the width of that interval and volume DensityOfVibrationalStates DensityOfVibrationalStates https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/DensityOfStates https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105637294 12-12 quotient of the number of vibrational modes in an infinitesimal interval of angular frequency, and the product of the width of that interval and volume Decrease in magnitude of any kind of flux through a medium. Attenuation Extinction Attenuation 3-26.1 Decrease in magnitude of any kind of flux through a medium. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attenuation https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.A00515 `Degree Celsius Centimeter` is a C.G.S System unit for 'Length Temperature' expressed as cm-degC. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit DegreeCelsiusCentiMetre Degree Celsius Centimetre DegreeCelsiusCentiMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/DEG_C-CentiM Cel.cm °C⋅cm `Degree Celsius Centimeter` is a C.G.S System unit for 'Length Temperature' expressed as cm-degC. -- QUDT Amount of heat through a surface during a time interval divided by the duration of this interval. HeatFlowRate HeatFlowRate https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/HeatFlowRate https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12160631 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-04-36 5-7 Amount of heat through a surface during a time interval divided by the duration of this interval. Rate of transfer of energy per unit time. Power Power http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Power 4-27 6-45 Rate of transfer of energy per unit time. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.P04792 At a fixed point in a medium, the direction of propagation of heat is opposite to the temperature gradient. At a point on the surface separating two media with different temperatures, the direction of propagation of heat is normal to the surface, from higher to lower temperatures. Vector quantity with magnitude equal to the heat flow rate dΦ through a surface element divided by the area dA of the element, and direction eφ in the direction of propagation of heat. DensityOfHeatFlowRate AreicHeatFlowRate DensityOfHeatFlowRate https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1478382 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-04-37 5-8 Vector quantity with magnitude equal to the heat flow rate dΦ through a surface element divided by the area dA of the element, and direction eφ in the direction of propagation of heat. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.H02755 ArithmeticEquation 1 + 1 = 2 ArithmeticEquation An equation with variables can always be represented as: f(v0, v1, ..., vn) = g(v0, v1, ..., vn) where f is the left hand and g the right hand side expressions and v0, v1, ..., vn are the variables. The class of 'mathematical'-s that stand for a statement of equality between two mathematical expressions. Equation 2+3 = 5 x^2 +3x = 5x dv/dt = a sin(x) = y Equation The class of 'mathematical'-s that stand for a statement of equality between two mathematical expressions. A standalone simulation, where a single physics equation is solved. StandaloneModelSimulation StandaloneModelSimulation A standalone simulation, where a single physics equation is solved. A simulation that relies on physics based models, according to the Review of Materials Modelling and CWA 17284:2018. CEN Workshop Agreement – CWA 17284 “Materials modelling – terminology, classification and metadata” PhysicsBasedSimulation PhysicsBasedSimulation A simulation that relies on physics based models, according to the Review of Materials Modelling and CWA 17284:2018. Speed with which the envelope of a wave propagates in space. GroupVelocity GroupSpeed GroupVelocity https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q217361 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=103-10-15 https://dbpedia.org/page/Group_velocity 3-23.2 Speed with which the envelope of a wave propagates in space. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Group_velocity 0.01 0.0 0,01-fold of the SI base unit kilogram -- QUDT DecaGram DecaGram http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/DecaGM dag dag 0,01-fold of the SI base unit kilogram -- QUDT Conductivity is equeal to the resiprocal of resistivity. Measure of a material's ability to conduct an electric current. ElectricConductivity Conductivity ElectricConductivity http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ElectricConductivity https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4593291 6-43 Measure of a material's ability to conduct an electric current. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.C01245 1e-12 0.0 0.000000000001-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT PicoMetre PicoMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PicoM pm pm 0.000000000001-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT Ru The symbol that stands for the ruthenium atom. RutheniumSymbol RutheniumSymbol The symbol that stands for the ruthenium atom. 1.0 0.0 Pascal metre per second. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit PascalMetrePerSecond PascalMetrePerSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PA-M-PER-SEC Pa.m.s-1 Pa⋅m/s Pascal metre per second. T+2 L-2 M-1 I+1 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricCurrentPerEnergy'. ElectricCurrentPerEnergyUnit ElectricCurrentPerEnergyUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricCurrentPerEnergy'. 40.078 20 Atom subclass for calcium. CalciumAtom CalciumAtom Atom subclass for calcium. Sum of the slowing-down area from fission energy to thermal energy and the diffusion area for thermal neutrons. MigrationArea MigrationArea https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MigrationArea https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98966325 10-72.3 Sum of the slowing-down area from fission energy to thermal energy and the diffusion area for thermal neutrons. 1.0 0.0 Square metre per volt second. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit SquareMetrePerVoltSecond SquareMetrePerVoltSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M2-PER-V-SEC m2.V-1.s-1 m²/(V⋅s) Square metre per volt second. T+2 L0 M-1 I-1 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'SquareLengthPerVoltageTime'. SquareLengthPerVoltageTimeUnit SquareLengthPerVoltageTimeUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'SquareLengthPerVoltageTime'. Hg The symbol that stands for the mercury atom. MercurySymbol MercurySymbol The symbol that stands for the mercury atom. A direct part that only is the target, but not the source of temporal relations. EndTile EndTile https://w3id.org/emmo/raw/1.0.0-rc3/doc/figs/EndTile.png A direct part that only is the target, but not the source of temporal relations. 1.0 0.0 SI unit of quantity of matter per SI unit volume per SI unit of time. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit MolePerCubicMetrePerSecond Moles per cubic metre per second MolePerCubicMetrePerSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MOL-PER-M3-SEC mol.m-3.s-1 mol/(m³⋅s) SI unit of quantity of matter per SI unit volume per SI unit of time. -- QUDT T-1 L-3 M0 I0 Θ0 N+1 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'AmountPerVolumeTime'. AmountPerVolumeTimeUnit AmountPerVolumeTimeUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'AmountPerVolumeTime'. 1e-06 0.0 Micro metres measured per Newton -- QUDT MicroMetrePerNewton Micro metre per Newton MicroMetrePerNewton http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroM-PER-N µJ/N Micro metres measured per Newton -- QUDT 1.0 0.0 Gravitational field strength at a point is the gravitational force per unit mass at that point. It is a vector and its S.I. unit is N kg-1. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit NewtonPerKilogram Newton per Kilogram NewtonPerKilogram http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/N-PER-KiloGM N.kg-1 N/kg Gravitational field strength at a point is the gravitational force per unit mass at that point. It is a vector and its S.I. unit is N kg-1. -- QUDT Mechanical property of linear elastic solid materials. ModulusOfElasticity YoungsModulus ModulusOfElasticity https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2091584 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-03-67 4-19.1 Mechanical property of linear elastic solid materials. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.M03966 1e-18 0.0 0,000 000 000 000 000 001-fold of the SI derived unit farad -- QUDT AttoFarad AttoFarad http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/AttoFARAD aF aF 0,000 000 000 000 000 001-fold of the SI derived unit farad -- QUDT 1e-18 Superclass for all units prefixed with "atto" (1e-18). AttoPrefixedUnit AttoPrefixedUnit Superclass for all units prefixed with "atto" (1e-18). Fundamental translation vector for the crystal lattice. FundamentalLatticeVector FundamentalLatticeVector https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/FundamentalLatticeVector https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105451063 12-1.2 Fundamental translation vector for the crystal lattice. 1.0 0.0 The power per unit area of radiation of a given wavenumber illuminating a target at a given incident angle. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit WattMetrePerSquareMetreSteradian Watts metre per square metre steradian WattMetrePerSquareMetreSteradian http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/W-M-PER-M2-SR W.m-2.m.sr-1 W⋅m/m²⋅sr The power per unit area of radiation of a given wavenumber illuminating a target at a given incident angle. -- QUDT 1.0 0.0 Per Tesla Meter Unit is a denominator unit with dimensions /m .· T. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit PerTeslaMetre ReciprocalTeslaMetre. PerTeslaMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-T-M T-1.m-1 /t⋅m Per Tesla Meter Unit is a denominator unit with dimensions /m .· T. -- QUDT T+2 L-1 M-1 I+1 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'MagneticReluctivity'. MagneticReluctivityUnit MagneticReluctivityUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'MagneticReluctivity'. Quantity equal to the volume dV of substance crossing a given surface during a time interval with infinitesimal duration dt, divided by this duration, thus qV = dV / dt- VolumeFlowRate VolumetricFlowRate VolumeFlowRate https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/VolumeFlowRate https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134348 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-03-72 4-31 Quantity equal to the volume dV of substance crossing a given surface during a time interval with infinitesimal duration dt, divided by this duration, thus qV = dV / dt- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volumetric_flow_rate For an ideal gas, isentropic exponent is equal to ratio of the specific heat capacities. IsentropicExponent IsentropicExponent https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/IsentropicExponent https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75775739 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-04-52 5-17.2 For an ideal gas, isentropic exponent is equal to ratio of the specific heat capacities. In an infinite medium, the probability that a neutron slowing down will traverse all or some specified portion of the range of resonance energies without being absorbed. ResonanceEscapeProbability ResonanceEscapeProbability https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ResonanceEscapeProbability https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4108072 10-68 In an infinite medium, the probability that a neutron slowing down will traverse all or some specified portion of the range of resonance energies without being absorbed. Probability is a dimensionless quantity that can attain values between 0 and 1; zero denotes the impossible event and 1 denotes a certain event. The propability for a certain outcome, is the ratio between the number of events leading to the given outcome and the total number of events. Probability Probability Probability is a dimensionless quantity that can attain values between 0 and 1; zero denotes the impossible event and 1 denotes a certain event. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.P04855 - Minus Minus ArithmeticOperator ArithmeticOperator 1000.0 0.0 Per millisecond. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit PerMilliSecond ReciprocalMilliSecond PerMilliSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-MilliSEC ms-1 /ms Per millisecond. 100.0 0.0 "HectoCoulomb" is a unit for 'Electric Charge' expressed as hC. -- QUDT HectoCoulomb HectoCoulomb HectoCoulomb http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/HectoC hC hC "HectoCoulomb" is a unit for 'Electric Charge' expressed as hC. -- QUDT 100.0 Superclass for all units prefixed with "hecto" (100). HectoPrefixedUnit HectoPrefixedUnit Superclass for all units prefixed with "hecto" (100). A 'Process', that has participant an 'Interpreter', that is aimed to produce a 'Sign' representing another participant, the 'Object'. Semiosis Me looking a cat and saying loud: "Cat!" -> the semiosis process me -> interpreter cat -> object (in Peirce semiotics) the cat perceived by my mind -> interpretant "Cat!" -> sign, the produced sign Semiosis EquivalentTo: Deduction or Declaration or Cognition EquivalentTo: FullSemiosis or PartialSemiosis A 'Process', that has participant an 'Interpreter', that is aimed to produce a 'Sign' representing another participant, the 'Object'. A participant that is the driver of a process. An agent is not necessarily human. In fact, the concept of agent has been generalised to encompass both intentional and unintentional acts primarily to take into account usage of the term in chemistry (e.g., chemical agent that intiitate a reaction), inline also with the most recent development in the philosophical debate. Agent The agent concept identifies the parts of a process that are also its drivers. An agent part has an active role with respect to any other generic part, meaning that is involved in the causal chain that characterize the process. An agent is a participant, meaning that is qualifiable as an object. As for all holistic relations, there is a level of subjectivity in drawing whole-role relations, so that the identification of an agent within a process is not fully axiomatizable. What is axiomatically expressible is that an agent requires to be part of a process (i.e., an agent exists only within a process) but a process may not require an agent to exist (qualified role). Agentless processes may have a distributed causality chain so that the agency is exerted collectively and there is no motivation to draw an holistic connection between the whole and some parts. For example, the breaking of a nail can be caused by an agent such as an hammer, or by the rusting process which is not a participant as required by the agent definition. This concept covers both intentional and non intentional agency. A catalyst. A bus driver. A substance that is initiating a reaction that would not occur without its presence. Agent A participant that is the driver of a process. An agent is not necessarily human. In fact, the concept of agent has been generalised to encompass both intentional and unintentional acts primarily to take into account usage of the term in chemistry (e.g., chemical agent that intiitate a reaction), inline also with the most recent development in the philosophical debate. 1e+18 0.0 1 000 000 000 000 000 000-fold of the derived SI unit joule -- QUDT ExaJoule ExaJoule http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/ExaJ EJ EJ 1 000 000 000 000 000 000-fold of the derived SI unit joule -- QUDT 1e+18 Superclass for all units prefixed with "exa" (1e18). ExaPrefixedUnit ExaPrefixedUnit Superclass for all units prefixed with "exa" (1e18). 86400.0 0.0 d A measure of time defined as 86 400 seconds. Mean solar day -- QUDT Day Day DAY http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/DAY d http://dbpedia.org/page/Day A measure of time defined as 86 400 seconds. Mean solar day -- QUDT http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Day?oldid=494970012 https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.D01527 A physics-based model based on a physics equation describing the behaviour of electrons. ElectronicModel Density functional theory. Hartree-Fock. ElectronicModel A physics-based model based on a physics equation describing the behaviour of electrons. 'acoustical' refers to the perception mechanism of the observer that can occur through a microphone, an ear. A 'Perceptual' which stands for a real world object whose spatiotemporal pattern makes it identifiable by an observer as a sound. Auditory Sound When we use the term 'sound' what are we referring to? The EMMO identifies a sound as the physical object that can be heard by the observer (more exactly, by the sensor of the observer). In this sense, a sound (which is an acoustical object) is to be identified as the air region that manifests the sound wave and is able to be perceived by an observer. In case the wave is travelling through water or steel, then these other media regions are the sounds. If the waveform is travelling through a cable as electronic signal (analog or digital) it is no more a sound, since it cannot be perceived by an observer as an acoustical object. This electrical waveform (or digital packet) is another physical that may stand for a sound if interpreted by a device (e.g. an amplifier, a DA converter). Auditory A 'Perceptual' which stands for a real world object whose spatiotemporal pattern makes it identifiable by an observer as a sound. 'acoustical' refers to the perception mechanism of the observer that can occur through a microphone, an ear. The class contrast individuals standing for entities that can stimulate a perception (e.g. a retina impression) to a human being and that are categorized accordingly to human perception mechanisms. This class is the most general superclass for the categorization of contrasts that are perceivable through a specific human-related perception mechanism. This perspective is based on human characterization of perceptions. A 'Perceptual' can stand for another object in an EMMO described semiotic process (acting as sign or as object), just like a word on a paper (the perceptual object) may refer semiotically to another object. However, a perceptual is not necessarily a 'Sign' (e.g. a line sketched on a blackboard is a recognizable 'Perceptual' but it may stand for nothing). A 'Perceptual' becomes a semiotic object, when it is part of a 'Semiotic' process described by the ontologist within the EMMO, and it's done always specifying for which interpreter this relation occurs. Perceptual A line scratched on a surface. A sound. A smell. The word 'cat' and the sound of the word 'cat' (the first one is graphical and the second acoustical). The meta-semiotic process: I see a cloud in the sky. Since I'm an EMMO ontologist, I create an individual named Cloud under the 'Perceptual' class, meaning that I recognize the cloud as an object thanks to a specific perceptual channel (e.g. through my eyes). This semiotic process occurs at meta-level: it's how I use the EMMO as tool for a direct representation of the world, understandable by others ontologists. The semiotic process within EMMO: My friend looks at the same cloud and says: "It is an elephant". I use the EMMO to record this experience by declaring: - my friend as MyFriend individual, belonging to 'Interpreter' classes - the sound of the word "elephant" as an acoustical perception individual named ElephantWord, belonging to 'Perceptual' - a relation hasSign between Cloud and ElephantWord, that makes ElephantWord also belonging to 'Sign' class and Cloud belonging also to 'Object' class - a 'Semiosis' individual called MyFriendElephantCloud that hasParticipant: Cloud, ElephantWord and MyFriend, respectively as object, sign and interpreter. So, the Perceptual class is here to categorized real-world objects at meta-level using common perceptual channels, for practical ontology usage. We could have represented the word "elephant" within a physicalistic approach, by identifying it as a pressure wave in the air. Perceptual The class contrast individuals standing for entities that can stimulate a perception (e.g. a retina impression) to a human being and that are categorized accordingly to human perception mechanisms. This class is the most general superclass for the categorization of contrasts that are perceivable through a specific human-related perception mechanism. This perspective is based on human characterization of perceptions. A 'Perceptual' can stand for another object in an EMMO described semiotic process (acting as sign or as object), just like a word on a paper (the perceptual object) may refer semiotically to another object. However, a perceptual is not necessarily a 'Sign' (e.g. a line sketched on a blackboard is a recognizable 'Perceptual' but it may stand for nothing). A 'Perceptual' becomes a semiotic object, when it is part of a 'Semiotic' process described by the ontologist within the EMMO, and it's done always specifying for which interpreter this relation occurs. heat treatment consisting of heating and soaking at a suitable temperature, followed by cooling under conditions such that, after return to ambient temperature, the metal will be in a structural state closer to that of equilibrium Annealing Annealing heat treatment consisting of heating and soaking at a suitable temperature, followed by cooling under conditions such that, after return to ambient temperature, the metal will be in a structural state closer to that of equilibrium Heat to a temperature appropriate for the particular material, maintain at that temperature and then cool at an appropriate rate to reduce hardness, improve machinability or achieve desired properties. HeatTreatment wärmebehandeln HeatTreatment Heat to a temperature appropriate for the particular material, maintain at that temperature and then cool at an appropriate rate to reduce hardness, improve machinability or achieve desired properties. 1.0 0.0 The henry per meter (symbolized H/m) is the unit of magnetic permeability in the International System of Units ( SI ). Reduced to base units in SI, 1 H/m is the equivalent of one kilogram meter per square second per square ampere. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit HenryPerMetre Henry per Metre HenryPerMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/H-PER-M H.m-1 H/m The henry per meter (symbolized H/m) is the unit of magnetic permeability in the International System of Units ( SI ). Reduced to base units in SI, 1 H/m is the equivalent of one kilogram meter per square second per square ampere. -- QUDT http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry?oldid=491435978 Manufacturing by separating particles of material from a solid body by non-mechanical means. Ablation refers both to the removal of layers of material and to the separation of workpiece parts. The production process of ablation is considered in its stationary instantaneous state, independently of the application of auxiliary processes necessary to initiate the process. Ablation is divided into three subgroups according to the order point of view (OGP) "process in the effective zone on the surface of the workpiece": - thermal ablation; - chemical ablation; - electrochemical ablation. Ablation Abtragen Ablation 1.0 0.0 Candela per Lumen. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit CandelaPerLumen CandelaPerLumen http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/CD-PER-LM cd/lm Candela per Lumen. Has shaped bodies as input and output. The processing of a material aimed to transform its structure by means of any type of treatment, without involving relevant synthesis phenomena. esce workpiece MaterialTreatment DIN 8580:2020 Stoffeigenschaft ändern WorkPieceTreatment MaterialTreatment The processing of a material aimed to transform its structure by means of any type of treatment, without involving relevant synthesis phenomena. Has shaped bodies as input and output. Manufacturing by changing the properties of the material of which a workpiece is made, which is done, among other things, by changes in the submicroscopic or atomic range, e.g. by diffusion of atoms, generation and movement of dislocations in the atomic lattice or chemical reactions, and where unavoidable changes in shape are not part of the essence of these processes. A manufacturing process aimed to modify the precursor objects through a physical process (involving other materials, energy, manipulation) to change its material properties. A material process requires the output to be classified as an individual of a material subclass. MaterialsProcessing ContinuumManufacturing Synthesis of materials, quenching, the preparation of a cake, tempering of a steel beam. MaterialsProcessing A manufacturing process aimed to modify the precursor objects through a physical process (involving other materials, energy, manipulation) to change its material properties. A material process requires the output to be classified as an individual of a material subclass. Deals with entities that have a defined shape. The process of transforming precursor objects (e.g. raw materials) into a product by the use of manual labor, machinery or chemical/biological processes. Manufacturing DIN 8580:2020 ISO 15531-1:2004 manufacturing: function or act of converting or transforming material from raw material or semi-finished state to a state of further completion ISO 18435-1:2009 manufacturing process: set of processes in manufacturing involving a flow and/or transformation of material, information, energy, control, or any other element in a manufacturing area Manufacturing The process of transforming precursor objects (e.g. raw materials) into a product by the use of manual labor, machinery or chemical/biological processes. Deals with entities that have a defined shape. https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fertigungsverfahren An agent that is driven by the intention to reach a defined objective in driving a process. Intentionality is not limited to human agents, but in general to all agents that have the capacity to decide to act in driving a process according to a motivation. IntentionalAgent IntentionalAgent An agent that is driven by the intention to reach a defined objective in driving a process. Intentionality is not limited to human agents, but in general to all agents that have the capacity to decide to act in driving a process according to a motivation. 0.001 0.0 0,001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the SI base unit metre -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit GramPerMetre Gram Per Metre GramPerMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/GM-PER-M g.m-1 g/m 0,001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the SI base unit metre -- QUDT 114.818 49 Atom subclass for indium. IndiumAtom IndiumAtom Atom subclass for indium. Conventional radius of sphere in which the nuclear matter is included, NuclearRadius NuclearRadius https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/NuclearRadius https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3535676 10-19.1 Conventional radius of sphere in which the nuclear matter is included, An elementary fermionic particle that is the fundamental constituent of matter. ElementaryQuark ElementaryQuark An elementary fermionic particle that is the fundamental constituent of matter. An elementary particle of a fundamental fermionic type. ElementaryFermion ElementaryFermion An elementary particle of a fundamental fermionic type. T0 L+5 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'SectionAreaIntegral'. SectionAreaIntegralUnit SectionAreaIntegralUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'SectionAreaIntegral'. 1.0 0.0 Power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit CubicMetrePerCubicMetre Cubic Metre Per Cubic Metre CubicMetrePerCubicMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M3-PER-M3 m3.m-3 m³/m³ Power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3. -- QUDT A maximal class M (subclass of Maximal) is defined by choosing a reference type φ so that M is subclass of φ, all parts of x are needed to keep φ(x) and if you add something to x, then x is no more a φ. The superclass for all classes of entities that have no proper parts of the same type of the whole are not proper part of an entity of that type. Maximal Maximal The superclass for all classes of entities that have no proper parts of the same type of the whole are not proper part of an entity of that type. A maximal class M (subclass of Maximal) is defined by choosing a reference type φ so that M is subclass of φ, all parts of x are needed to keep φ(x) and if you add something to x, then x is no more a φ. 1e-12 0.0 0.001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 4 -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit QuarticMilliMetre Quartic Millimetre QuarticMilliMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliM4 mm4 mm⁴ 0.001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 4 -- QUDT 1.0 0.0 Joule Per Kilogram} (J/kg) is a unit in the category of Thermal heat capacity. It is also known as `joule/kilogram`, `joules per kilogram`. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. The unit has a dimension of L2T⁻² where L is length, and T is time. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit JoulePerKilogram Joule per Kilogram JoulePerKilogram http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/J-PER-KiloGM J.kg-1 J/kg J/kg Joule Per Kilogram} (J/kg) is a unit in the category of Thermal heat capacity. It is also known as `joule/kilogram`, `joules per kilogram`. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. The unit has a dimension of L2T⁻² where L is length, and T is time. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT 1e-06 0.0 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit coulomb divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit MicroCoulombPerSquareMetre Microcoulomb Per Square Metre MicroCoulombPerSquareMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroC-PER-M2 uC.m-2 μC/m² 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit coulomb divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 -- QUDT 1000.0 0.0 SI base unit ampere divided by the 0.001-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit AmperePerMilliMetre Ampere Per Millimetre AmperePerMilliMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/A-PER-MilliM A.mm-1 A/mm A/mm SI base unit ampere divided by the 0.001-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT T0 L-1 M0 I+1 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'MagneticFieldStrength'. MagneticFieldStrengthUnit MagneticFieldStrengthUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'MagneticFieldStrength'. Ra The symbol that stands for the radium atom. RadiumSymbol RadiumSymbol The symbol that stands for the radium atom. Ω The SI derived unit of electrical resistance, named after German physicist Georg Simon Ohm. Ω = V/A = H/s Ohm Ohm OHM http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/OHM Ohm http://dbpedia.org/resource/Ohm The SI derived unit of electrical resistance, named after German physicist Georg Simon Ohm. Ω = V/A = H/s http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohm?oldid=494685555 https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.O04280 10.0 0.0 0.001-fold of the SI base unit ampere divided by the 0.0001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre by exponent 2 MilliAmperePerSquareCentiMetre MilliAmperePerSquareCentiMetre 0.001-fold of the SI base unit ampere divided by the 0.0001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre by exponent 2 231.03588 91 Atom subclass for protactinium. ProtactiniumAtom ProtactiniumAtom Atom subclass for protactinium. T-1 L+2 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'AreaPerTime'. AreaPerTimeUnit AreaPerTimeUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'AreaPerTime'. Scalar line integral of the magnetic field strength along a closed path. MagnetomotiveForce MagnetomotiveForce https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MagnetomotiveForce https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1266982 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=121-11-60 6-37.3 Scalar line integral of the magnetic field strength along a closed path. 1.0 0.0 SI base unit kilogram divided by the SI base unit kilogram -- QUDT KilogramPerKilogram Kilogram Per Kilogram KilogramPerKilogram http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloGM-PER-KiloGM kg.kg-1 kg/kg SI base unit kilogram divided by the SI base unit kilogram -- QUDT 1e-06 0.0 NanoMolePerGramPerSecond Nanomoles per gram per second NanoMolePerGramPerSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/NanoMOL-PER-GM-SEC nmol.g-1.s-1 nmol/(g⋅s) T-1 L0 M-1 I0 Θ0 N+1 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'AmountPerMassTime'. AmountPerMassTimeUnit AmountPerMassTimeUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'AmountPerMassTime'. 1000000000000000.0 0.0 A PetaCoulomb is 10¹⁵ C. -- QUDT PetaCoulomb PetaCoulomb PetaCoulomb http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PetaC PC PC A PetaCoulomb is 10¹⁵ C. -- QUDT 1000000000000000.0 Superclass for all units prefixed with "peta" (1e15). PetaPrefixedUnit PetaPrefixedUnit Superclass for all units prefixed with "peta" (1e15). A 2-manifold with two unconnected boundaries. Plane Plane A 2-manifold with two unconnected boundaries. A topological space with the property that each point has a neighborhood that is homeomorphic to an open subset of 2-dimensional Euclidean space. TwoManifold 2-manifold TwoManifold A topological space with the property that each point has a neighborhood that is homeomorphic to an open subset of 2-dimensional Euclidean space. An object that enables or facilitate an agent in the execution of a process that modifies the surrounding environment. Tool Tool An object that enables or facilitate an agent in the execution of a process that modifies the surrounding environment. HotDipGalvanizing Hot-dipGalvanizing HotDipGalvanizing 1.0 0.0 Per square metre and second. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit PerSquareMetreSecond ReciprocalSquareMetreSecond PerSquareMetreSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-M2-SEC m-2.s-1 /(m²⋅s) Per square metre and second. T-1 L-2 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'PerAreaTime'. PerAreaTimeUnit PerAreaTimeUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'PerAreaTime'. 1.0 0.0 "Square Meter Steradian" is a unit for 'Area Angle' expressed as m²-sr. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit SquareMetreSteradian Square Metre Steradian SquareMetreSteradian http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M2-SR m2.sr m²⋅sr "Square Meter Steradian" is a unit for 'Area Angle' expressed as m²-sr. -- QUDT sr Dimensionless measurement unit for solid angle. Steradian Steradian D27 http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/SR sr http://dbpedia.org/resource/Steradian Dimensionless measurement unit for solid angle. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steradian?oldid=494317847 https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.S05971 Unit for quantities of dimension one that are the fraction of two areas. AreaFractionUnit Unit for solid angle. AreaFractionUnit Unit for quantities of dimension one that are the fraction of two areas. Under sinusoidal conditions, phase difference between the voltage applied to a linear two-terminal element or two-terminal circuit and the electric current in the element or circuit. PhaseDifference DisplacementAngle PhaseDifference https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q97222919 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=131-11-48 6-48 Under sinusoidal conditions, phase difference between the voltage applied to a linear two-terminal element or two-terminal circuit and the electric current in the element or circuit. A state quantity equal to the difference between the total energy of a system and the sum of the macroscopic kinetic and potential energies of the system. InternalEnergy ThermodynamicEnergy InternalEnergy http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/InternalEnergy 5.20-2 A state quantity equal to the difference between the total energy of a system and the sum of the macroscopic kinetic and potential energies of the system. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.I03103 183.84 74 Atom subclass for tungsten. TungstenAtom TungstenAtom Atom subclass for tungsten. Differential quotient of q with respect to l, where q is the average total charge of all positive ions produced by an ionizing charged particle over a path l, divided by the elementary charge. LinearIonization LinearIonization https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/LinearIonization https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98690755 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=395-03-115 10-58 Differential quotient of q with respect to l, where q is the average total charge of all positive ions produced by an ionizing charged particle over a path l, divided by the elementary charge. 1e-06 0.0 One part per 10**6 (million) by mass of the measurand in the matrix. -- QUDT MicroGramPerGram Micrograms per gram MicroGramPerGram http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroGM-PER-GM ug.g-1 µg/g One part per 10**6 (million) by mass of the measurand in the matrix. -- QUDT Real part of the impedance. ResistanceToAlternativeCurrent ResistanceToAlternativeCurrent https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1048490 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=131-12-45 6-51.2 Real part of the impedance. Inverse of 'ElectricalConductance'. Measure of the difficulty to pass an electric current through a material. ElectricResistance Resistance ElectricResistance http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Resistance https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25358 6-46 Measure of the difficulty to pass an electric current through a material. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.E01936 Non-SI unit that has been accepted by SI to be used together with the SI system. SIAccepted SIAccepted Non-SI unit that has been accepted by SI to be used together with the SI system. 144.242 60 Atom subclass for neodymium. NeodymiumAtom NeodymiumAtom Atom subclass for neodymium. A continuum that has no fixed shape and yields easily to external pressure. Fluid Gas, liquid, plasma, Fluid A continuum that has no fixed shape and yields easily to external pressure. 0.0002908882 0.0 ′ A minute of arc, arcminute, or minute arc (MOA), is a unit of angular measurement equal to one sixtieth (1/60) of one degree (circle/21,600), or π /10,800 radians. In turn, a second of arc or arcsecond is one sixtieth (1/60) of one minute of arc. Since one degree is defined as one three hundred and sixtieth (1/360) of a rotation, one minute of arc is 1/21,600 of a rotation. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit Arcminute ArcMinute MinuteOfArc Arcminute D61 http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/ARCMIN ' ' A minute of arc, arcminute, or minute arc (MOA), is a unit of angular measurement equal to one sixtieth (1/60) of one degree (circle/21,600), or π /10,800 radians. In turn, a second of arc or arcsecond is one sixtieth (1/60) of one minute of arc. Since one degree is defined as one three hundred and sixtieth (1/360) of a rotation, one minute of arc is 1/21,600 of a rotation. -- QUDT http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minute_of_arc A formal language used to communicate with a computer. The categorisation of computer languages is based on Guide to the Software Engineering Body of Knowledge (SWEBOK(R)): Version 3.0, January 2014. Editors Pierre Bourque, Richard E. Fairley. Publisher: IEEE Computer Society PressWashingtonDCUnited States. ISBN:978-0-7695-5166-1. https://www.computer.org/education/bodies-of-knowledge/software-engineering ComputerLanguage ComputerLanguage A formal language used to communicate with a computer. The categorisation of computer languages is based on Guide to the Software Engineering Body of Knowledge (SWEBOK(R)): Version 3.0, January 2014. Editors Pierre Bourque, Richard E. Fairley. Publisher: IEEE Computer Society PressWashingtonDCUnited States. ISBN:978-0-7695-5166-1. https://www.computer.org/education/bodies-of-knowledge/software-engineering https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_language 10000000.0 0.0 MilliWattPerSquareCentiMetrePerMicroMetrePerSteradian Milliwatts per square centimetre per micrometre per steradian MilliWattPerSquareCentiMetrePerMicroMetrePerSteradian http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliW-PER-CentiM2-MicroM-SR mW.cm-2.um-1.sr-1 mW/(cm⋅µm⋅sr) In an infinite homogenous medium, one-sixth of the mean square of the distance between the neutron source and the point where a neutron reaches a given energy. SlowingDownArea SlowingDownArea https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Slowing-DownArea https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98950918 10-72.1 In an infinite homogenous medium, one-sixth of the mean square of the distance between the neutron source and the point where a neutron reaches a given energy. 1000.0 0.0 1 000-fold of the product of the SI derived unit newton and the SI base unit metre -- QUDT KiloNewtonMetre Kilonewton Metre KiloNewtonMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloN-M kN.m kN⋅m 1 000-fold of the product of the SI derived unit newton and the SI base unit metre -- QUDT 1.0 0.0 product of the SI derived unit newton and the SI base unit metre divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit NewtonMetrePerSquareMetre Newton Metre Per Square Metre NewtonMetrePerSquareMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/N-M-PER-M2 N.m.m-2 N⋅m/m² product of the SI derived unit newton and the SI base unit metre divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 -- QUDT Displacement of one surface with respect to another divided by the distance between them. ShearStrain ShearStrain https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ShearStrain https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7561704 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-03-59 4-17.3 Displacement of one surface with respect to another divided by the distance between them. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.S05637 A symbolic data representing a 32-bit floating point numbers incl. ±Inf, ±0, NaN. FloatData https://www.w3.org/TR/2012/REC-xmlschema11-2-20120405/datatypes.html#float FloatData EquivalentTo: hasDataValue some xsd:float A symbolic data representing a 32-bit floating point numbers incl. ±Inf, ±0, NaN. A symbolic data representing a numerical floating point value. FloatingPointData FloatingPointData A symbolic data representing a numerical floating point value. 92.90637 41 Atom subclass for niobium. NiobiumAtom NiobiumAtom Atom subclass for niobium. 1.0 0.0 SI derived unit joule divided by the SI base unit second -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit JoulePerSecond Joule Per Second JoulePerSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/J-PER-SEC J.s-1 J/s SI derived unit joule divided by the SI base unit second -- QUDT Internal energy minus the product of thermodynamic temperature and entropy. HelmholtzEnergy HelmholtzFreeEnergy HelmholtzEnergy https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865821 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-04-24 5-20.4 Internal energy minus the product of thermodynamic temperature and entropy. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.H02772 Average value of the increment of the lethargy per collision. AverageLogarithmicEnergyDecrement AverageLogarithmicEnergyDecrement https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/AverageLogarithmicEnergyDecrement.html https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1940739 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=395-07-02 10-70 Average value of the increment of the lethargy per collision. Either a proton or a neutron. Nucleon Nucleon DisjointUnionOf: Proton, Neutron Either a proton or a neutron. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleon 1.0 0.0 "Square Coulomb Square Meter per Joule" is a unit for 'Polarizability' expressed as C² m² J⁻¹. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit SquareCoulombSquareMetrePerJoule Square Coulomb Square Metre per Joule SquareCoulombSquareMetrePerJoule http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/C2-M2-PER-J C2.m2.J-1 C2.m2/J C²⋅m²/J "Square Coulomb Square Meter per Joule" is a unit for 'Polarizability' expressed as C² m² J⁻¹. -- QUDT An object which is an holistic temporal part of a process. Status State A semi-naked man is a status in the process of a man's dressing. Status An object which is an holistic temporal part of a process. A symbolic data that is not array data. Scalar data are primitive symbolic data that are not built up of other types of symbolic data. ScalarData ScalarData A symbolic data that is not array data. Scalar data are primitive symbolic data that are not built up of other types of symbolic data. 1000.0 0.0 1 000-fold of the SI derived unit coulomb divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT KiloCoulombPerCubicMetre Kilocoulomb Per Cubic Metre KiloCoulombPerCubicMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloC-PER-M3 kC.m-3 kC/m³ 1 000-fold of the SI derived unit coulomb divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT The superclass for all physical quantities classes that are categorized according to some domain of interests (e.g. metallurgy, chemistry), property (intensive/extensive) or application. CategorizedPhysicalQuantity https://physics.nist.gov/cuu/Constants CategorizedPhysicalQuantity The superclass for all physical quantities classes that are categorized according to some domain of interests (e.g. metallurgy, chemistry), property (intensive/extensive) or application. A minimal class M (subclass of Minimal) is defined by choosing a reference type φ so that M is subclass of φ, all parts of x are needed to keep φ(x) and x is proper part of a larger φ entity. The superclass for all classes of entities that have no proper parts of the same type of the whole is proper part of an entity of that type. Minimal Minimal The superclass for all classes of entities that have no proper parts of the same type of the whole is proper part of an entity of that type. A minimal class M (subclass of Minimal) is defined by choosing a reference type φ so that M is subclass of φ, all parts of x are needed to keep φ(x) and x is proper part of a larger φ entity. Electronic device capable of processing data, typically in binary form, according to instructions given to it in a variable program. ComputerSystem Computer ComputerSystem Electronic device capable of processing data, typically in binary form, according to instructions given to it in a variable program. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer 1.0 0.0 Per Square Joule is a denominator unit with dimensions /eV². -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit PerSquareJoule ReciprocalSquareJoule PerSquareJoule http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-J2 J-2 /J² Per Square Joule is a denominator unit with dimensions /eV². -- QUDT T+4 L-4 M-2 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'ReciprocalSquareEnergy'. ReciprocalSquareEnergyUnit ReciprocalSquareEnergyUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'ReciprocalSquareEnergy'. QRole QualifiedRole QRole An product that is ready for commercialisation. CommercialProduct Product CommercialProduct An product that is ready for commercialisation. A matter object throughout which all physical properties of a material are essentially uniform. In the physical sciences, a phase is a region of space (a thermodynamic system), throughout which all physical properties of a material are essentially uniform. Examples of physical properties include density, index of refraction, magnetization and chemical composition. A simple description is that a phase is a region of material that is chemically uniform, physically distinct, and (often) mechanically separable. In a system consisting of ice and water in a glass jar, the ice cubes are one phase, the water is a second phase, and the humid air is a third phase over the ice and water. The glass of the jar is another separate phase. The term phase is sometimes used as a synonym for state of matter, but there can be several immiscible phases of the same state of matter. Also, the term phase is sometimes used to refer to a set of equilibrium states demarcated in terms of state variables such as pressure and temperature by a phase boundary on a phase diagram. Because phase boundaries relate to changes in the organization of matter, such as a change from liquid to solid or a more subtle change from one crystal structure to another, this latter usage is similar to the use of "phase" as a synonym for state of matter. However, the state of matter and phase diagram usages are not commensurate with the formal definition given above and the intended meaning must be determined in part from the context in which the term is used. PhaseOfMatter Phase PhaseOfMatter A matter object throughout which all physical properties of a material are essentially uniform. In the physical sciences, a phase is a region of space (a thermodynamic system), throughout which all physical properties of a material are essentially uniform. Examples of physical properties include density, index of refraction, magnetization and chemical composition. A simple description is that a phase is a region of material that is chemically uniform, physically distinct, and (often) mechanically separable. In a system consisting of ice and water in a glass jar, the ice cubes are one phase, the water is a second phase, and the humid air is a third phase over the ice and water. The glass of the jar is another separate phase. The term phase is sometimes used as a synonym for state of matter, but there can be several immiscible phases of the same state of matter. Also, the term phase is sometimes used to refer to a set of equilibrium states demarcated in terms of state variables such as pressure and temperature by a phase boundary on a phase diagram. Because phase boundaries relate to changes in the organization of matter, such as a change from liquid to solid or a more subtle change from one crystal structure to another, this latter usage is similar to the use of "phase" as a synonym for state of matter. However, the state of matter and phase diagram usages are not commensurate with the formal definition given above and the intended meaning must be determined in part from the context in which the term is used. 0.001 0.0 0,001-fold of the SI derived unit volt -- QUDT MilliVolt MilliVolt http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliV mV mV 0,001-fold of the SI derived unit volt -- QUDT 127.6 52 Atom subclass for tellurium. TelluriumAtom TelluriumAtom Atom subclass for tellurium. A 'graphical' aimed to represent a geometrical concept. Geometrical A geometrical object can be expressed in many different forms. For example, a line can be expressed by: a) an equation like y=mx+q, which is both an 'equation' and a 'geometrical' b) a line drawn with a pencil on a paper, which is simply a 'graphical' object c) a set of axioms, when the properties of a line are inferred by the interpreter reading them, that are both 'graphical' and also 'formula' The case a) is a geometrical and mathematical, b) is geometrical and pictorial, while c) is geometrical and a composition of idiomatic strings. Geometrical A 'graphical' aimed to represent a geometrical concept. A coarse dispersion of solids in a liquid continuum phase. LiquidSolidSuspension Mud LiquidSolidSuspension A coarse dispersion of solids in a liquid continuum phase. A function defined using functional notation. A mathematical relation that relates each element in the domain (X) to exactly one element in the range (Y). MathematicalFunction FunctionDefinition y = f(x) MathematicalFunction A function defined using functional notation. An equation that define a new variable in terms of other mathematical entities. DefiningEquation The definition of velocity as v = dx/dt. The definition of density as mass/volume. y = f(x) DefiningEquation An equation that define a new variable in terms of other mathematical entities. The value of the chemical potential under specified standard conditions (in the standard state). StandardChemicalPotential StandardChemicalPotential https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/StandardChemicalPotential https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q89333468 9-21 The value of the chemical potential under specified standard conditions (in the standard state). https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.S05908 For a quantum level, the statistical weight of that level. Degenerency Multiplicity Degenerency https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q902301 9-36.2 For a quantum level, the statistical weight of that level. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.D01556 222.01758 86 Atom subclass for radon. RadonAtom RadonAtom Atom subclass for radon. Average number of fission neutrons, both prompt and delayed, emitted per fission event. NeutronYieldPerFission NeutronYieldPerFission https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/NeutronYieldPerFission https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q99157909 10-74.1 Average number of fission neutrons, both prompt and delayed, emitted per fission event. Quotient of change of volume and original volume. RelativeVolumeStrain BulkStrain VolumeStrain RelativeVolumeStrain https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/VolumeStrain https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73432507 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-03-60 4-17.4 Quotient of change of volume and original volume. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.V06648 A supply chain is a system of organizations, people, activities, information, and resources involved in supplying a product or service to a consumer. SupplyChain SupplyChain A supply chain is a system of organizations, people, activities, information, and resources involved in supplying a product or service to a consumer. A system whose is mainly characterised by the way in which elements are interconnected. Network Network A system whose is mainly characterised by the way in which elements are interconnected. 1000000000000.0 0.0 1 000 000 000 000-fold of the SI derived unit joule -- QUDT TeraJoule TeraJoule http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/TeraJ TJ TJ 1 000 000 000 000-fold of the SI derived unit joule -- QUDT 1.0 0.0 Number of one type of species divided by the number of all species. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit MoleFraction AtomFraction MolePerMole Moles per mole MoleFraction http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MOL-PER-MOL mol.mol-1 atom-fraction atom_fraction mol/mol mole-fraction mole_fraction Number of one type of species divided by the number of all species. T0 L-3 M0 I+1 Θ0 N-1 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricCurrentPerAmountVolume'. ElectricCurrentPerAmountVolumeUnit ElectricCurrentPerAmountVolumeUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricCurrentPerAmountVolume'. Sm The symbol that stands for the samarium atom. SamariumSymbol SamariumSymbol The symbol that stands for the samarium atom. Application of additive manufacturing intended for reducing the time needed for producing prototypes. RapidPrototyping RapidPrototyping Application of additive manufacturing intended for reducing the time needed for producing prototypes. Imaginary part of the complex power. ReactivePower ReactivePower https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ReactivePower https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2144613 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=131-11-44 6-60 Imaginary part of the complex power. Gy SI unit for absorbed dose. The SI unit of radiation dose. Radiation carries energy, and when it is absorbed by matter the matter receives this energy. The dose is the amount of energy deposited per unit of mass. One gray is defined to be the dose of one joule of energy absorbed per kilogram of matter, or 100 rad. The unit is named for the British physician L. Harold Gray (1905-1965), an authority on the use of radiation in the treatment of cancer. -- QUDT Gray Gray A95 http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/GRAY Gy http://dbpedia.org/resource/Grey SI unit for absorbed dose. The SI unit of radiation dose. Radiation carries energy, and when it is absorbed by matter the matter receives this energy. The dose is the amount of energy deposited per unit of mass. One gray is defined to be the dose of one joule of energy absorbed per kilogram of matter, or 100 rad. The unit is named for the British physician L. Harold Gray (1905-1965), an authority on the use of radiation in the treatment of cancer. -- QUDT //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grey?oldid=494774160 https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.G02696 T-2 L+2 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'AbsorbedDose'. AbsorbedDoseUnit AbsorbedDoseUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'AbsorbedDose'. A type of sol in the form of one solid dispersed in liquid. LiquidSol LiquidSol A type of sol in the form of one solid dispersed in liquid. A colloid in which small particles (1 nm to 100 nm) are suspended in a continuum phase. Sol Sol A colloid in which small particles (1 nm to 100 nm) are suspended in a continuum phase. FormingFromLiquid FormingFromLiquid 9.0121831 4 Atom subclass for beryllium. BerylliumAtom BerylliumAtom Atom subclass for beryllium. 1000.0 0.0 1 000-fold of the SI base unit mol divided by the SI base unit second -- QUDT KiloMolePerSecond Kilomole Per Second KiloMolePerSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloMOL-PER-SEC kmol.s-1 kmol/s 1 000-fold of the SI base unit mol divided by the SI base unit second -- QUDT Shot peening is shot peening for shaping or straightening workpieces by introducing residual compressive stresses (from: DIN 8200/10.82). FormingBlasting Umformstrahlen FormingBlasting h 100.0 SI prefix who's value is 100. Hecto Hecto SI prefix who's value is 100. 1.0 0.0 The magnetic moment of a magnet is a quantity that determines the force that the magnet can exert on electric currents and the torque that a magnetic field will exert on it. A loop of electric current, a bar magnet, an electron, a molecule, and a planet all have magnetic moments. The unit for magnetic moment is not a base unit in the International System of Units (SI) and it can be represented in more than one way. For example, in the current loop definition, the area is measured in square meters and I is measured in amperes, so the magnetic moment is measured in ampere-square meters (A m2). In the equation for torque on a moment, the torque is measured in joules and the magnetic field in tesla, so the moment is measured in Joules per Tesla (J u00b7T-1). These two representations are equivalent: 1 A u00b7m2 = 1 J u00b7T-1. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit JoulePerTesla Joule per Tesla JoulePerTesla http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/J-PER-T J.T-1 J/T The magnetic moment of a magnet is a quantity that determines the force that the magnet can exert on electric currents and the torque that a magnetic field will exert on it. A loop of electric current, a bar magnet, an electron, a molecule, and a planet all have magnetic moments. The unit for magnetic moment is not a base unit in the International System of Units (SI) and it can be represented in more than one way. For example, in the current loop definition, the area is measured in square meters and I is measured in amperes, so the magnetic moment is measured in ampere-square meters (A m2). In the equation for torque on a moment, the torque is measured in joules and the magnetic field in tesla, so the moment is measured in Joules per Tesla (J u00b7T-1). These two representations are equivalent: 1 A u00b7m2 = 1 J u00b7T-1. -- QUDT Ratio of shear stress to the shear strain. ModulusOfRigidity ShearModulus ModulusOfRigidity https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ShearModulus https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461466 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-03-68 4-19.2 Ratio of shear stress to the shear strain. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.S05635 ParticipantByAgency ParticipantByAgency 1.0 0.0 Square metre and square Hertz. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit SquareMetreSquareHertz SquareMetreSquareHertz http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M2-HZ2 m2.Hz2 m²⋅Hz² Square metre and square Hertz. 1000.0 0.0 "Kilohertz" is a C.G.S System unit for 'Frequency' expressed as KHz. -- QUDT KiloHertz KiloHertz http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloHZ kHz kHz "Kilohertz" is a C.G.S System unit for 'Frequency' expressed as KHz. -- QUDT OrganicCompound OrganicCompound 1.0 0.0 Square Kelvin. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit SquareKelvin SquareKelvin http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/K2 K2 K² Square Kelvin. T0 L0 M0 I0 Θ+2 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'SquareTemperature'. SquareTemperatureUnit SquareTemperatureUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'SquareTemperature'. A direct part that is obtained by partitioning a whole hybridly in spatial, temporal and spatiotemporal parts. JunctionTile JunctionTile https://w3id.org/emmo/raw/1.0.0-rc3/doc/figs/JunctionTile.png A direct part that is obtained by partitioning a whole hybridly in spatial, temporal and spatiotemporal parts. 0.001 0.0 0.001-fold of the SI derived unit ohm -- QUDT MilliOhm MilliOhm http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliOHM mOhm mΩ 0.001-fold of the SI derived unit ohm -- QUDT 1e-12 0.0 PicoPascal PicoPascal PicoPascal http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PicoPA pPa 0.01 0.0 product of the SI derived unit newton and the 0.01-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit NewtonCentiMetre Newton Centimetre NewtonCentiMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/N-CentiM N.cm N⋅cm product of the SI derived unit newton and the 0.01-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT Critical thermodynamic temperature of a superconductor. SuperconductionTransitionTemperature SuperconductionTransitionTemperature https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/SuperconductionTransitionTemperature https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106103037 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=815-10-09 12-35.3 Critical thermodynamic temperature of a superconductor. Temperature below which quantum effects dominate. CriticalTemperature CriticalTemperature https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1450516 Temperature below which quantum effects dominate. 2.777778e-07 0.0 NanoMolePerCubicCentiMetrePerHour Nanomoles per cubic centimetre per hour NanoMolePerCubicCentiMetrePerHour http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/NanoMOL-PER-CentiM3-HR nmol.cm-3.h-1 nmol/(cm³⋅hr) 1.0 0.0 `Cubic Meter per Square Second` is a C.G.S System unit for `Standard Gravitational Parameter` expressed as m³/s² -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit CubicMetrePerSquareSecond Cubic Metre per Square Second CubicMetrePerSquareSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M3-PER-SEC2 m3.s-2 m3/s2 m³/s² `Cubic Meter per Square Second` is a C.G.S System unit for `Standard Gravitational Parameter` expressed as m³/s² -- QUDT T-2 L+3 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'VolumePerSquareTime'. VolumePerSquareTimeUnit VolumePerSquareTimeUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'VolumePerSquareTime'. 1000000000.0 0.0 `Cubic Kilometer per Square Second` is a unit for `Standard Gravitational Parameter` expressed as km³/s². -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit CubicKiloMetrePerSquareSecond Cubic Kilometre per Square Second CubicKiloMetrePerSquareSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloM3-PER-SEC2 km3.s-2 km3/s2 km³/s² `Cubic Kilometer per Square Second` is a unit for `Standard Gravitational Parameter` expressed as km³/s². -- QUDT 1e-09 0.0 A NanoCoulomb is 10⁻⁹ C. -- QUDT NanoCoulomb NanoCoulomb NanoCoulomb http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/NanoC nC nC A NanoCoulomb is 10⁻⁹ C. -- QUDT MaterialByType MaterialByType ClassicallyDefinedMaterial ClassicallyDefinedMaterial Equivalent To: AmorphousMaterial or CrystallineMaterial Equivalent To: MetallicMaterial or CeramicMaterial or CompositeMaterial or PolymericMaterial Internal energy per unit mass. SpecificInternalEnergy SpecificInternalEnergy https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/SpecificInternalEnergy https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76357367 5-21.2 Internal energy per unit mass. Product of the mean linear range R and the mass density ρ of the material. MeanMassRange MeanMassRange https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MeanMassRange https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98681670 10-57 Product of the mean linear range R and the mass density ρ of the material. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.M03783 1.0 0.0 Square metre per steradian. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit SquareMetrePerSteradian SquareMetrePerSteradian http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M2-PER-SR m2.sr-1 m²/sr Square metre per steradian. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steradian?oldid=494317847 Power transferred per unit area. Intensity Intensity Power transferred per unit area. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intensity_(physics) Quotient of the total mean charge of all positive ions produced by an ionizing charged particle along its entire path and along the paths of any secondary charged particles, and the elementary charge. TotalIonization TotalIonization https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/TotalIonization https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98690787 10-59 Quotient of the total mean charge of all positive ions produced by an ionizing charged particle along its entire path and along the paths of any secondary charged particles, and the elementary charge. 1e-06 0.0 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit pascal -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit MicroPascal MicroPascal http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroPA uPa μPa 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit pascal -- QUDT The subject of condensed matter physics that deals with the macroscopic and microscopic physical properties of matter, especially the solid and liquid phases which arise from electromagnetic forces between atoms. More generally, the subject deals with "condensed" phases of matter: systems of many constituents with strong interactions between them. CondensedMatter CondensedMatter The subject of condensed matter physics that deals with the macroscopic and microscopic physical properties of matter, especially the solid and liquid phases which arise from electromagnetic forces between atoms. More generally, the subject deals with "condensed" phases of matter: systems of many constituents with strong interactions between them. Equivalent To: Liquid or Solid A superclass made as the disjoint union of all the form under which matter can exist. In physics, a state of matter is one of the distinct forms in which matter can exist. Four states of matter are observable in everyday life: solid, liquid, gas, and plasma. StateOfMatter StateOfMatter Disjoint Union Of: Gas, Plasma, Liquid, Solid A superclass made as the disjoint union of all the form under which matter can exist. In physics, a state of matter is one of the distinct forms in which matter can exist. Four states of matter are observable in everyday life: solid, liquid, gas, and plasma. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_of_matter A computational application that uses a physical model to predict the behaviour of a system, providing a identifiable analogy with the original object. PhysicalBasedSimulationSoftware PhysicalBasedSimulationSoftware A computational application that uses a physical model to predict the behaviour of a system, providing a identifiable analogy with the original object. An application aimed to functionally reproduce an object. SimulationApplication An application that predicts the pressure drop of a fluid in a pipe segment is aimed to functionally reproduce the outcome of a measurement of pressure before and after the segment. SimulationApplication An application aimed to functionally reproduce an object. Polynomial 2 * x^2 + x + 3 Polynomial An expression that has parts only integer constants, variables, and the algebraic operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division and exponentiation by an exponent that is a rational number) AlgebraicExpression 2x+3 AlgebraicExpression Electric field strength divided by the current density. ElectricResistivity Resistivity ElectricResistivity http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Resistivity https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q108193 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=121-12-04 6-44 Electric field strength divided by the current density. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.R05316 1e-06 0.0 "Microsecond" is a unit for 'Time' expressed as microsec. -- QUDT MicroSecond microsecond MicroSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroSEC us µs "Microsecond" is a unit for 'Time' expressed as microsec. -- QUDT 1.0 0.0 Per cubic metre and second. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit PerCubicMetreSecond PerCubicMetreSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-M3-SEC m-3.s-1 /(m³⋅s) Per cubic metre and second. T-1 L-3 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'FrequencyPerVolume'. FrequencyPerVolumeUnit FrequencyPerVolumeUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'FrequencyPerVolume'. Au The symbol that stands for the gold atom. GoldSymbol GoldSymbol The symbol that stands for the gold atom. Sum of the product of the proton number and the hydrogen atomic mass, and the neutron rest mass, minus the rest mass of the atom. MassDefect MassDefect https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MassDefect https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26897126 10-21.2 Sum of the product of the proton number and the hydrogen atomic mass, and the neutron rest mass, minus the rest mass of the atom. Vector field quantity E which exerts on any charged particle at rest a force F equal to the product of E and the electric charge Q of the particle. ElectricFieldStrength ElectricFieldStrength https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ElectricFieldStrength https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20989 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=121-11-18 6-10 Vector field quantity E which exerts on any charged particle at rest a force F equal to the product of E and the electric charge Q of the particle. A material_relation can e.g. return a predefined number, return a database query, be an equation that depends on other physics_quantities. An 'equation' that stands for a physical assumption specific to a material, and provides an expression for a 'physics_quantity' (the dependent variable) as function of other variables, physics_quantity or data (independent variables). MaterialRelation The Lennard-Jones potential. A force field. An Hamiltonian. MaterialRelation An 'equation' that stands for a physical assumption specific to a material, and provides an expression for a 'physics_quantity' (the dependent variable) as function of other variables, physics_quantity or data (independent variables). A causal particle represents the most elementary entity in physics, being it a simple state of an elementary particle, called quantum in the EMMO, or a chain of causally connected quanta. The class of individuals representing causal particles. The disjoint union of CausalPath and Quantum classes. CausalParticle CausalParticle A causal particle represents the most elementary entity in physics, being it a simple state of an elementary particle, called quantum in the EMMO, or a chain of causally connected quanta. The disjoint union of CausalPath and Quantum classes. EquivalentTo: CausalPath or Quantum The class of individuals representing causal particles. 1000000.0 0.0 A MegaCoulomb is 10⁶ C. -- QUDT MegaCoulomb MegaCoulomb MegaCoulomb http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MegaC MC MC A MegaCoulomb is 10⁶ C. -- QUDT Bq Radioactive decays per second. SI unit for radioactive activity. The SI derived unit of activity, usually meaning radioactivity. "Radioactivity" is caused when atoms disintegrate, ejecting energetic particles. One becquerel is the radiation caused by one disintegration per second; this is equivalent to about 27.0270 picocuries (pCi). The unit is named for a French physicist, Antoine-Henri Becquerel (1852-1908), the discoverer of radioactivity. Note: both the becquerel and the hertz are basically defined as one event per second, yet they measure different things. The hertz is used to measure the rates of events that happen periodically in a fixed and definite cycle. The becquerel is used to measure the rates of events that happen sporadically and unpredictably, not in a definite cycle. -- QUDT Becquerel Becquerel BQL http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/BQ Bq http://dbpedia.org/resource/Becquerel Radioactive decays per second. SI unit for radioactive activity. The SI derived unit of activity, usually meaning radioactivity. "Radioactivity" is caused when atoms disintegrate, ejecting energetic particles. One becquerel is the radiation caused by one disintegration per second; this is equivalent to about 27.0270 picocuries (pCi). The unit is named for a French physicist, Antoine-Henri Becquerel (1852-1908), the discoverer of radioactivity. Note: both the becquerel and the hertz are basically defined as one event per second, yet they measure different things. The hertz is used to measure the rates of events that happen periodically in a fixed and definite cycle. The becquerel is used to measure the rates of events that happen sporadically and unpredictably, not in a definite cycle. -- QUDT http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Becquerel?oldid=493710036 https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.B00624 A colloid formed by trapping pockets of gas in a liquid or solid. Foam Foam A colloid formed by trapping pockets of gas in a liquid or solid. 1000.0 0.0 1 000-fold of the SI derived unit newton -- QUDT KiloNewton KiloNewton http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloN kN kN 1 000-fold of the SI derived unit newton -- QUDT An artificial computer language used to express information or knowledge, often for use in computer system design. ModellingLanguage Architecture description language – used as a language (or a conceptual model) to describe and represent system architectures. Hardware description language – used to model integrated circuits. Architecture description language – used as a language (or a conceptual model) to describe and represent system architectures. Algebraic Modeling Language which is a high-level programming languages for describing and solving high complexity problems like large-scale optimisation. ModellingLanguage An artificial computer language used to express information or knowledge, often for use in computer system design. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modeling_language K The kelvin, symbol K, is the SI unit of thermodynamic temperature. It is defined by taking the fixed numerical value of the Boltzmann constant k to be 1.380649×10−23 when expressed in the unit J K−1, which is equal to kg m2 s−2 K−1, where the kilogram, metre and second are defined in terms of h, c and ∆νCs. Kelvin Kelvin KEL http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/K K http://dbpedia.org/resource/Kelvin The kelvin, symbol K, is the SI unit of thermodynamic temperature. It is defined by taking the fixed numerical value of the Boltzmann constant k to be 1.380649×10−23 when expressed in the unit J K−1, which is equal to kg m2 s−2 K−1, where the kilogram, metre and second are defined in terms of h, c and ∆νCs. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin?oldid=495075694 https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.K03374 T+1 L+1 M-1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'LengthTimePerMass'. LengthTimePerMassUnit LengthTimePerMassUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'LengthTimePerMass'. Quotient of the thermal diffusion ratio and the product of the local amount-of-substance fractions. ThermalDiffusionFactor ThermalDiffusionFactor https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ThermalDiffusionFactor https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96249629 9-40.2 Quotient of the thermal diffusion ratio and the product of the local amount-of-substance fractions. In a steady-state of a binary mixture in which thermal diffusion occurs; proportionality factor between gradient of the amount-of-subsstance fraction of the heavier substance B, and negative gradient of the local thermodynamic temperature divided by that temperature. ThermalDiffusionRatio ThermalDiffusionRatio https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ThermalDiffusionRatio https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96249433 9-40.1 In a steady-state of a binary mixture in which thermal diffusion occurs; proportionality factor between gradient of the amount-of-subsstance fraction of the heavier substance B, and negative gradient of the local thermodynamic temperature divided by that temperature. translation vector that maps the crystal lattice on itself LatticeVector LatticeVector https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/LatticeVector https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105435234 12-1.1 translation vector that maps the crystal lattice on itself vector quantity between any two points in space Displacement Displacement https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Displacement https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190291 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-01-29 https://dbpedia.org/page/Displacement_(geometry) 3-1.11 vector quantity between any two points in space https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Displacement_(geometry) An expression that provide information about the element type of a compound and their relative ratio. EmpiricalFormula Hydrogen peroxide is HO EmpiricalFormula An expression that provide information about the element type of a compound and their relative ratio. A chemical formula may also include other symbols such as parentheses, plus and minus signs, brackets A symbolic construct that provides informations about the chemical proportions of the elements that constitute a chemical compound or a specific molecule. ChemicalFormula ChemicalFormula A symbolic construct that provides informations about the chemical proportions of the elements that constitute a chemical compound or a specific molecule. 1.0 0.0 SI derived unit weber divided by the SI base unit metre -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit WeberPerMetre Weber Per Metre WeberPerMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/WB-PER-M Wb.m-1 Wb/m SI derived unit weber divided by the SI base unit metre -- QUDT Cut-off angular frequency in the Debye model of the vibrational spectrum of a solid. DebyeAngularFrequency DebyeAngularFrequency https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/DebyeAngularFrequency https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105580986 12-10 Cut-off angular frequency in the Debye model of the vibrational spectrum of a solid. Reciprocal of the decay constant λ. MeanDurationOfLife MeanLifeTime MeanDurationOfLife https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MeanLifetime https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1758559 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=395-01-13 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=881-04-47 10-25 Reciprocal of the decay constant λ. Kr The symbol that stands for the krypton atom. KryptonSymbol KryptonSymbol The symbol that stands for the krypton atom. Sr The symbol that stands for the strontium atom. StrontiumSymbol StrontiumSymbol The symbol that stands for the strontium atom. A foam of trapped gas in a liquid. LiquidFoam LiquidFoam A foam of trapped gas in a liquid. 1.0 0.0 A square metre unit of area per square metre -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit SquareMetrePerSquareMetre square metre per square metre SquareMetrePerSquareMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M2-PER-M2 m²/m² A square metre unit of area per square metre -- QUDT Least energy required for the emission of a conduction electron. Work function is the energy difference between an electron at rest at infinity and an electron at the Fermi level in the interior of a substance. WorkFunction ElectronWorkFunction WorkFunction https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q783800 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-06-35 12-24.1 Least energy required for the emission of a conduction electron. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.E02015 The superclass for all physical quantities classes that are categorized according to a standard (e.g. ISQ). StandardizedPhysicalQuantity StandardizedPhysicalQuantity The superclass for all physical quantities classes that are categorized according to a standard (e.g. ISQ). 208.9804 83 Atom subclass for bismuth. BismuthAtom BismuthAtom Atom subclass for bismuth. 1.0 0.0 product of the SI derived unit hertz and the SI base unit metre -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit HertzMetre Hertz Metre HertzMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/HZ-M Hz.m Hz⋅M product of the SI derived unit hertz and the SI base unit metre -- QUDT Al The symbol that stands for the aluminium atom. AluminiumSymbol AluminiumSymbol The symbol that stands for the aluminium atom. S SI unit for electrical conductance. Siemens is the SI unit of electric conductance, susceptance, and admittance. The most important property of a conductor is the amount of current it will carry when a voltage is applied. Current flow is opposed by resistance in all circuits, and by also by reactance and impedance in alternating current circuits. Conductance, susceptance, and admittance are the inverses of resistance, reactance, and impedance, respectively. To measure these properties, the siemens is the reciprocal of the ohm. In other words, the conductance, susceptance, or admittance, in siemens, is simply 1 divided by the resistance, reactance or impedance, respectively, in ohms. The unit is named for the German electrical engineer Werner von Siemens (1816-1892). -- QUDT Siemens Siemens SIE http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/S S SI unit for electrical conductance. Siemens is the SI unit of electric conductance, susceptance, and admittance. The most important property of a conductor is the amount of current it will carry when a voltage is applied. Current flow is opposed by resistance in all circuits, and by also by reactance and impedance in alternating current circuits. Conductance, susceptance, and admittance are the inverses of resistance, reactance, and impedance, respectively. To measure these properties, the siemens is the reciprocal of the ohm. In other words, the conductance, susceptance, or admittance, in siemens, is simply 1 divided by the resistance, reactance or impedance, respectively, in ohms. The unit is named for the German electrical engineer Werner von Siemens (1816-1892). -- QUDT S = A/V = F/s https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siemens_(unit) A guess is a theory, estimated and subjective, since its premises are subjective. Guess Guess A guess is a theory, estimated and subjective, since its premises are subjective. A 'conventional' that stand for a 'physical'. The 'theory' is e.g. a proposition, a book or a paper whose sub-symbols suggest in the mind of the interpreter an interpretant structure that can represent a 'physical'. It is not an 'icon' (like a math equation), because it has no common resemblance or logical structure with the 'physical'. In Peirce semiotics: legisign-symbol-argument Theory Theory A 'conventional' that stand for a 'physical'. A coded that is assigned from an estimation. Estimated The biography of a person that the author have not met. Estimated A coded that is assigned from an estimation. A data representing a real number. RealData RealData EquivalentTo: hasDataValue some owl:real A data representing a real number. 1000.0 0.0 1 000-fold of the SI base unit ampere divided by the SI base unit metre -- QUDT KiloAmperePerMetre Kiloampere Per Metre KiloAmperePerMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloA-PER-M kA.m-1 kA/m 1 000-fold of the SI base unit ampere divided by the SI base unit metre -- QUDT 196.966569 79 Atom subclass for gold. GoldAtom GoldAtom Atom subclass for gold. A reference unit provided by a reference material. International vocabulary of metrology (VIM) StandardUnit ReferenceMaterial Arbitrary amount-of-substance concentration of lutropin in a given sample of plasma (WHO international standard 80/552): 5.0 International Unit/l StandardUnit A reference unit provided by a reference material. International vocabulary of metrology (VIM) A reference can be a measurement unit, a measurement procedure, a reference material, or a combination of such (VIM3 1.1 NOTE 2). A symbolic is recognized as reference unit also if it is not part of a quantity (e.g. as in the sentence "the Bq is the reference unit of Becquerel"). For this reason we can't declare the axiom: MetrologicalReference SubClassOf: inverse(hasMetrologicalReference) some Quantity because there exist reference units without being part of a quantity. This is peculiar to EMMO, where quantities as syntatic entities (explicit quantities) are distinct with quantities as semantic entities (properties). MetrologicalReference MetrologicalReference EquivalentTo: StandardUnit or MeasurementUnit or ProcedureUnit A reference can be a measurement unit, a measurement procedure, a reference material, or a combination of such (VIM3 1.1 NOTE 2). A symbolic is recognized as reference unit also if it is not part of a quantity (e.g. as in the sentence "the Bq is the reference unit of Becquerel"). For this reason we can't declare the axiom: MetrologicalReference SubClassOf: inverse(hasMetrologicalReference) some Quantity because there exist reference units without being part of a quantity. This is peculiar to EMMO, where quantities as syntatic entities (explicit quantities) are distinct with quantities as semantic entities (properties). A direct part that is obtained by partitioning a whole purely in temporal parts. TemporalTile TemporalTile https://w3id.org/emmo/raw/1.0.0-rc3/doc/figs/TemporalTile.png A direct part that is obtained by partitioning a whole purely in temporal parts. A data representing 8-bit integer number. ByteData https://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#byte ByteData EquivalentTo: hasDataValue some xsd:byte A data representing 8-bit integer number. 58.933194 27 Atom subclass for cobalt. CobaltAtom CobaltAtom Atom subclass for cobalt. 1000000.0 0.0 MilliWattPerSquareMetrePerNanoMetrePerSteradian Milliwatts per square metre per nanometre per steradian MilliWattPerSquareMetrePerNanoMetrePerSteradian http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliW-PER-M2-NanoM-SR mW.m-2.nm-1.sr-1 mW/(cm⋅nm⋅sr) 1.0 0.0 The SI unit of pressure. The pascal is the standard pressure unit in the MKS metric system, equal to one newton per square meter or one "kilogram per meter per second per second." The unit is named for Blaise Pascal (1623-1662), French philosopher and mathematician, who was the first person to use a barometer to measure differences in altitude. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit NewtonPerSquareMetre Newtons Per Square Metre NewtonPerSquareMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/N-PER-M2 N.m-2 N/m² The SI unit of pressure. The pascal is the standard pressure unit in the MKS metric system, equal to one newton per square meter or one "kilogram per meter per second per second." The unit is named for Blaise Pascal (1623-1662), French philosopher and mathematician, who was the first person to use a barometer to measure differences in altitude. -- QUDT http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pascal?oldid=492989202 1.0 0.0 0.001-fold of the SI base unit mol divided by the 0.001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram -- QUDT MilliMolePerGram Millimole Per Gram MilliMolePerGram http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliMOL-PER-GM mmol.g-1 mmol/g 0.001-fold of the SI base unit mol divided by the 0.001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram -- QUDT Process consisting of two steps: - first, the steel is heated in a quenching treatment to a temperature above Ac3 and then rapidly cooled in a liquid to produce a process-specific grain structure; - subsequently, the steel is heated to a specific temperature during tempering to set the desired property and cooled in air. Tempering QuenchingAndTempering Vergüten Tempering Process consisting of two steps: - first, the steel is heated in a quenching treatment to a temperature above Ac3 and then rapidly cooled in a liquid to produce a process-specific grain structure; - subsequently, the steel is heated to a specific temperature during tempering to set the desired property and cooled in air. Y The symbol that stands for the yttrium atom. YttriumSymbol YttriumSymbol The symbol that stands for the yttrium atom. 1.0 0.0 Watt Per Kelvin (W/K) is a unit in the category of Thermal conductivity. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit WattPerKelvin Watt per Kelvin WattPerKelvin http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/W-PER-K W.K-1 w/K Watt Per Kelvin (W/K) is a unit in the category of Thermal conductivity. -- QUDT A physical particle with half odd integer spin (1/2, 3/2, etc...) that follows Fermi-Dirac statistics. Fermion Fermion A physical particle with half odd integer spin (1/2, 3/2, etc...) that follows Fermi-Dirac statistics. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermion PhysicalParticleBySpin PhysicalParticleBySpin average distance that phonons travel between two successive interactions MeanFreePathOfPhonons MeanFreePathOfPhonons https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/PhononMeanFreePath https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105672255 12-15.1 average distance that phonons travel between two successive interactions A special unit with a metric prefix. The presence of the prefix makes this units non-coherent with SI system. MetricPrefixedUnit MetricPrefixedUnit A special unit with a metric prefix. 1 1 A measurement unit that is made of a metric prefix and a unit symbol. PrefixedUnit PrefixedUnit A measurement unit that is made of a metric prefix and a unit symbol. 0.001 273.15 Millidegree Celsius is a scaled unit of measurement for temperature. -- QUDT MilliDegreeCelsius Millidegree Celsius MilliDegreeCelsius http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliDEG_C mCel m°C Millidegree Celsius is a scaled unit of measurement for temperature. -- QUDT http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celsius?oldid=494152178 f 1e-15 SI prefix who's value is 1e-15. Femto Femto SI prefix who's value is 1e-15. Shortest distance between two surfaces limiting a layer, when this distance can be considered to be constant over a region of a finite size. Thickness Thickness https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3589038 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-01-24 3-1.4 Shortest distance between two surfaces limiting a layer, when this distance can be considered to be constant over a region of a finite size. Inverse of the quality factor. LossFactor LossFactor https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/LossFactor https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79468728 6-54 Inverse of the quality factor. A 'Sign' that stands for an 'Object' due to causal continguity. Index Signal Smoke stands for a combustion process (a fire). My facial expression stands for my emotional status. Index A 'Sign' that stands for an 'Object' due to causal continguity. Fraction of atoms in an Ising ferromagnet having magnetic moments in one direction, minus the fraction having magnetic moments in the opposite direction. LongRangeOrderParameter LongRangeOrderParameter https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Long-RangeOrderParameter https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105496124 12-5.2 Fraction of atoms in an Ising ferromagnet having magnetic moments in one direction, minus the fraction having magnetic moments in the opposite direction. Pa The symbol that stands for the protactinium atom. ProtactiniumSymbol ProtactiniumSymbol The symbol that stands for the protactinium atom. Sg The symbol that stands for the seaborgium atom. SeaborgiumSymbol SeaborgiumSymbol The symbol that stands for the seaborgium atom. Quantity characterizing the relative variation of volume V with pressure p at constant entropy. The coherent SI unit of isentropic compressibility is pascal to the power minus one, 1/Pa. IsentropicCompressibility IsentropicCompressibility https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/IsentropicCompressibility https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2990695 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-04-32 5-5.2 Quantity characterizing the relative variation of volume V with pressure p at constant entropy. The coherent SI unit of isentropic compressibility is pascal to the power minus one, 1/Pa. Measure of the relative volume change of a fluid or solid as a response to a pressure change. Compressibility Compressibility https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Compressibility https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8067817 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-03-70 4-20 Measure of the relative volume change of a fluid or solid as a response to a pressure change. Class that includes the application of scientific knowledge, tools and techniques in order to transform a precursor object (ex. conversion of material) following a practic purpose. Conversion of materials and assembly of components for the manufacture of products Technology is the application of knowledge for achieving practical goals in a reproducible way. Technology refers to methods, systems, and devices which are the result of scientific knowledge being used for practical purposes. application of scientific knowledge, tools, techniques, crafts or systems in order to solve a problem or to achieve an objective which can result in a product or process application of scientific knowledge, tools, techniques, crafts, systems or methods of organization in order to solve a problem or achieve an objective TechnologyProcess ProductionEngineeringProcess TechnologyProcess Class that includes the application of scientific knowledge, tools and techniques in order to transform a precursor object (ex. conversion of material) following a practic purpose. A process occurring with the active participation of an intentional agent that drives the process according to a specific objective (intention). The concept is not restricted to agencies where the agent accomplish its intention. For example, breaking a vase while reaching for a book is an intentional agency, because the action causing the vase to fall and break follows a volition (i.e., an act of willing). Intentional agency may be further categorised acccording to the fact that the some of the resulting processes may or may not be coherent with the volition. IntentionalAgency IntentionalProcess Project IntentionalAgency SubClassOf: hasAgent some IntentionalAgent A process occurring with the active participation of an intentional agent that drives the process according to a specific objective (intention). The concept is not restricted to agencies where the agent accomplish its intention. For example, breaking a vase while reaching for a book is an intentional agency, because the action causing the vase to fall and break follows a volition (i.e., an act of willing). Intentional agency may be further categorised acccording to the fact that the some of the resulting processes may or may not be coherent with the volition. A number individual provides the link between the ontology and the actual data, through the data property hasNumericalValue. A number is actually a string (e.g. 1.4, 1e-8) of numerical digits and other symbols. However, in order not to increase complexity of the taxonomy and relations, here we take a number as an "atomic" object, without decomposit it in digits (i.e. we do not include digits in the EMMO as alphabet for numbers). A numerical data value. In math usually number and numeral are distinct concepts, the numeral being the symbol or a composition of symbols (e.g. 3.14, 010010, three) and the number is the idea behind it. More than one numeral stands for the same number. In the EMMO abstract entities do not exists, and numbers are simply defined by other numerals, so that a number is the class of all the numerals that are equivalent (e.g. 3 and 0011 are numerals that stands for the same number). Or alternatively, an integer numeral may also stands for a set of a specific cardinality (e.g. 3 stands for a set of three apples). Rational and real numbers are simply a syntactic arrangment of integers (digits, in decimal system). The fact that you can't give a name to a number without using a numeral or, in case of positive integers, without referring to a real world objects set with specific cardinality, suggests that the abstract concept of number is not a concept that can be practically used. For these reasons, the EMMO will consider numerals and numbers as the same concept. Number Numeral Number A numerical data value. A 'Mathematical' that has no unknown value, i.e. all its 'Variable"-s parts refers to a 'Number' (for scalars that have a built-in datatype) or to another 'Numerical' (for complex numerical data structures that should rely on external implementations). Numerical Numerical A 'Mathematical' that has no unknown value, i.e. all its 'Variable"-s parts refers to a 'Number' (for scalars that have a built-in datatype) or to another 'Numerical' (for complex numerical data structures that should rely on external implementations). MathematicalSymbol MathematicalSymbol T+3 L-2 M-1 I0 Θ0 N0 J+1 The class of units with dimensionality 'LuminousEfficacy'. LuminousEfficacyUnit LuminousEfficacyUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'LuminousEfficacy'. 1.0 0.0 Coulomb Per Cubic Meter (C/m³) is a unit in the category of Electric charge density. It is also known as coulomb per cubic metre, coulombs per cubic meter, coulombs per cubic metre, coulomb/cubic meter, coulomb/cubic metre. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Coulomb Per Cubic Meter has a dimension of L⁻³TI where L is length, T is time, and I is electric current. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit CoulombPerCubicMetre Coulomb per Cubic Metre CoulombPerCubicMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/C-PER-M3 C.m-3 C/m3 C/m³ Coulomb Per Cubic Meter (C/m³) is a unit in the category of Electric charge density. It is also known as coulomb per cubic metre, coulombs per cubic meter, coulombs per cubic metre, coulomb/cubic meter, coulomb/cubic metre. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Coulomb Per Cubic Meter has a dimension of L⁻³TI where L is length, T is time, and I is electric current. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT A set of one or more 'MeasuringInstruments' and often other devices, including any reagent and supply, assembled and adapted to give information used to generate 'MeasuredQuantityProperty' within specified intervals for quantities of specified kinds. -- VIM MeasuringSystem MeasuringSystem A set of one or more 'MeasuringInstruments' and often other devices, including any reagent and supply, assembled and adapted to give information used to generate 'MeasuredQuantityProperty' within specified intervals for quantities of specified kinds. -- VIM measuring system An observer that makes use of a measurement tool and provides a quantitative property. Measurer Measurer An observer that makes use of a measurement tool and provides a quantitative property. Vector characterising a dislocation in a crystal lattice. BurgersVector BurgersVector https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/BurgersVector https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q623093 12-6 Vector characterising a dislocation in a crystal lattice. 1.0 0.0 a unit of electric current per mass MilliAmperePerGram MilliAmperePerGram a unit of electric current per mass Relative change of length with respect the original length. RelativeLinearStrain RelativeLinearStrain https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/LinearStrain https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1990546 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-03-58 4-17.2 Relative change of length with respect the original length. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.L03560 1e-09 0.0 NanoMole NanoMole NanoMole http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/NanoMOL nmol 174.9668 71 Atom subclass for lutetium. LutetiumAtom LutetiumAtom Atom subclass for lutetium. 1e-18 0.0 unit of the Planck's constant as product of the SI derived unit joule and the SI base unit second -- QUDT AttoJouleSecond Attojoule Second AttoJouleSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/AttoJ-SEC aJ.s aJ⋅s unit of the Planck's constant as product of the SI derived unit joule and the SI base unit second -- QUDT 247.07035 96 Atom subclass for curium. CuriumAtom CuriumAtom Atom subclass for curium. A manufacturing in which the product is a solid body with a well defined geometrical shape made from shapeless original material parts, whose cohesion is created during the process. ArchetypeManufacturing DIN 8580:2020 PrimitiveForming Urformen ArchetypeManufacturing A manufacturing in which the product is a solid body with a well defined geometrical shape made from shapeless original material parts, whose cohesion is created during the process. Increase in the rate of reaction of a specified chemical reaction that an enzyme produces in a specific assay system. CatalyticActivity CatalyticActivity http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/CatalyticActivity Increase in the rate of reaction of a specified chemical reaction that an enzyme produces in a specific assay system. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.C00881 1.0 0.0 A reciprical unit of time for `reciprocal second` or `inverse second`. The `Per Second` is a unit of rate. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit PerSecond ReciprocalSecond PerSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-SEC /s s-1 /s A reciprical unit of time for `reciprocal second` or `inverse second`. The `Per Second` is a unit of rate. -- QUDT MeasurementUnitByPrefix MeasurementUnitByPrefix 1.0 0.0 The SI unit of gyromagnetic ratio. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit AmpereSquareMetrePerJouleSecond http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/ampere+square+meter+per+joule+second Ampere Square Metre Per Joule Second AmpereSquareMetrePerJouleSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/A-M2-PER-J-SEC A.m2.J-1.s-1 A.m2/(J.s) A⋅m²/(J⋅s) The SI unit of gyromagnetic ratio. -- QUDT Tc The symbol that stands for the technetium atom. TechnetiumSymbol TechnetiumSymbol The symbol that stands for the technetium atom. A subclass of measurement unit focusing on the physical dimensionality that is carried by the unit. The current version of EMMO does not provide explicit classes for physical dimensions. Rather it embraces the fact that the physical dimensionality of a physical quantity is carried by its measurement unit. The role of dimensional unit and its subclasses is to express the physical dimensionality that is carried by the unit. Since the dimensionality of a physical quantity can be written as the product of powers of the physical dimensions of the base quantities in the selected system of quantities, the physical dimensionality of a measurement unit is uniquely determined by the exponents. For a dimensional unit, at least one of these exponents must be non-zero (making it disjoint from dimensionless units). DimensionalUnit DimensionalUnit A subclass of measurement unit focusing on the physical dimensionality that is carried by the unit. The current version of EMMO does not provide explicit classes for physical dimensions. Rather it embraces the fact that the physical dimensionality of a physical quantity is carried by its measurement unit. The role of dimensional unit and its subclasses is to express the physical dimensionality that is carried by the unit. Since the dimensionality of a physical quantity can be written as the product of powers of the physical dimensions of the base quantities in the selected system of quantities, the physical dimensionality of a measurement unit is uniquely determined by the exponents. For a dimensional unit, at least one of these exponents must be non-zero (making it disjoint from dimensionless units). 0.001 0.0 0.001-fold of the SI derived unit pascal -- QUDT MilliPascal MilliPascal http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliPA mPa mPa 0.001-fold of the SI derived unit pascal -- QUDT 190.23 76 Atom subclass for osmium. OsmiumAtom OsmiumAtom Atom subclass for osmium. Galvanizing Galvanizing Archetype join attaches two workpiece with geometrically defined shape together, using supplementary workpiece made of amorphous material (e.g. powder). ArchetypeJoin ArchetypeJoin Archetype join attaches two workpiece with geometrically defined shape together, using supplementary workpiece made of amorphous material (e.g. powder). 1000000.0 0.0 derived SI unit coulomb divided by the 0.000 001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre by exponent 2 -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit CoulombPerSquareMilliMetre Coulomb Per Square Millimetre CoulombPerSquareMilliMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/C-PER-MilliM2 C.mm-2 C/mm2 C/mm² derived SI unit coulomb divided by the 0.000 001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre by exponent 2 -- QUDT H The symbol that stands for the hydrogen atom. HydrogenSymbol HydrogenSymbol The symbol that stands for the hydrogen atom. 1e-09 0.0 A nanosecond is a SI unit of time equal to one billionth of a second (10-9 or 1/1,000,000,000 s). One nanosecond is to one second as one second is to 31.69 years. The word nanosecond is formed by the prefix nano and the unit second. -- QUDT NanoSecond nanosecond NanoSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/NanoSEC ns ns A nanosecond is a SI unit of time equal to one billionth of a second (10-9 or 1/1,000,000,000 s). One nanosecond is to one second as one second is to 31.69 years. The word nanosecond is formed by the prefix nano and the unit second. -- QUDT http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanosecond?oldid=919778950 1.0 0.0 unit of gravitational constant as product of the derived SI unit newton, the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 divided by the power of the SI base unit kilogram with the exponent 2 -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit NewtonSquareMetrePerSquareKilogram Newton Square Metre Per Square Kilogram NewtonSquareMetrePerSquareKilogram http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/N-M2-PER-KiloGM2 N.m2.kg-2 N⋅m²/kg² unit of gravitational constant as product of the derived SI unit newton, the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 divided by the power of the SI base unit kilogram with the exponent 2 -- QUDT T-2 L+3 M-1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'NewtonianConstantOfGravity'. NewtonianConstantOfGravityUnit NewtonianConstantOfGravityUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'NewtonianConstantOfGravity'. An icon that not only resembles the object, but also can express some of the object's functions. Replica A small scale replica of a plane tested in a wind gallery shares the same functionality in terms of aerodynamic behaviour of the bigger one. Pinocchio is a functional icon of a boy since it imitates the external behaviour without having the internal biological structure of a human being (it is made of magic wood...). Replica An icon that not only resembles the object, but also can express some of the object's functions. Quotient of mass concentration of water vapour and mass concentration at its saturation ψ = r/rsat where r is mass ratio of water vapour to dry gas and rsat is the mass ratio of water vapour to dry gas at saturation of the same temperature. RelativeMassFractionOfVapour RelativeMassFractionOfVapour 5-35 Quotient of mass concentration of water vapour and mass concentration at its saturation ψ = r/rsat where r is mass ratio of water vapour to dry gas and rsat is the mass ratio of water vapour to dry gas at saturation of the same temperature. Sum of canonical partition function Z (NA,NB,…) for the given number of particles A, B, ... multiplied by absolute activities of particles A, B, ... GrandCanonicalPartionFunction GrandPartionFunction GrandCanonicalPartionFunction https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/GrandCanonicalPartitionFunction https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96176022 9-35.3 Sum of canonical partition function Z (NA,NB,…) for the given number of particles A, B, ... multiplied by absolute activities of particles A, B, ... H H = Wb/A = V·s/A = Ω·s SI unit for electrical inductance. Henry Henry 81 http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/H H http://dbpedia.org/resource/Henry SI unit for electrical inductance. H = Wb/A = V·s/A = Ω·s The SI unit of electric inductance. A changing magnetic field induces an electric current in a loop of wire (or in a coil of many loops) located in the field. Although the induced voltage depends only on the rate at which the magnetic flux changes, measured in webers per second, the amount of the current depends also on the physical properties of the coil. A coil with an inductance of one henry requires a flux of one weber for each ampere of induced current. If, on the other hand, it is the current which changes, then the induced field will generate a potential difference within the coil: if the inductance is one henry a current change of one ampere per second generates a potential difference of one volt. The henry is a large unit; inductances in practical circuits are measured in millihenrys (mH) or microhenrys (μH). The unit is named for the American physicist Joseph Henry (1797-1878), one of several scientists who discovered independently how magnetic fields can be used to generate alternating currents. -- QUDT http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry?oldid=491435978 https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.H02782 T-2 L+2 M+1 I-2 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'Inductance'. InductanceUnit InductanceUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'Inductance'. In computing, a computer file is a resource for recording data on a computer storage device, primarily identified by its file path. File File In computing, a computer file is a resource for recording data on a computer storage device, primarily identified by its file path. Any physical or virtual component of limited availability within a computer system. SystemResource Resource SystemResource Any physical or virtual component of limited availability within a computer system. 0.001 0.0 L A non-SI unit of volume defined as 1 cubic decimetre (dm3), Other used symbols for litre are "l" and "ℓ". The litre (American spelling: `liter`; SI symbol l or L) is a non-SI metric system unit of volume equal to 1 `cubic decimetre` (dm³), 1,000 cubic centimetres (cm³) or 1/1000 `cubic metre`. If the lower case "L" is used as the symbol, it is sometimes rendered as a italic "l" to help distinguish it from the capital "I", although this usage has no official approval by any international bureau. -- QUDT Litre liter Litre B51 http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/L L l A non-SI unit of volume defined as 1 cubic decimetre (dm3), The litre (American spelling: `liter`; SI symbol l or L) is a non-SI metric system unit of volume equal to 1 `cubic decimetre` (dm³), 1,000 cubic centimetres (cm³) or 1/1000 `cubic metre`. If the lower case "L" is used as the symbol, it is sometimes rendered as a italic "l" to help distinguish it from the capital "I", although this usage has no official approval by any international bureau. -- QUDT https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.L03594 Ga The symbol that stands for the gallium atom. GalliumSymbol GalliumSymbol The symbol that stands for the gallium atom. In nuclear physics, fraction of interacting particles per distance traversed in a given material. LinearAttenuationCoefficient LinearAttenuationCoefficient https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98583077 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=881-04-31 10-49 In nuclear physics, fraction of interacting particles per distance traversed in a given material. Cut-off angular wavenumber in the Debye model of the vibrational spectrum of a solid. DebyeAngularWaveNumber DebyeAngluarRepetency DebyeAngularWaveNumber https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/DebyeAngularWavenumber https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105554370 12-9.3 Cut-off angular wavenumber in the Debye model of the vibrational spectrum of a solid. hardening of a workpiece caused by the precipitation of one or more compounds from a supersaturated solid solution PrecipitationHardening PrecipitationHardening hardening of a workpiece caused by the precipitation of one or more compounds from a supersaturated solid solution A construction language designed to transform some input text in a certain formal language into a modified output text that meets some specific goal. TransformationLanguage Tritium, XSLT, XQuery, STX, FXT, XDuce, CDuce, HaXml, XMLambda, FleXML TransformationLanguage A construction language designed to transform some input text in a certain formal language into a modified output text that meets some specific goal. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transformation_language 150.36 62 Atom subclass for samarium. SamariumAtom SamariumAtom Atom subclass for samarium. 1.0 0.0 Joule per metre. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit JoulePerMetre JoulePerMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/J-PER-M J.m-1 J/m J/m Joule per metre. A reference unit provided by a measurement procedure. Procedure units and measurement units are disjoint. ProcedureUnit MeasurementProcedure Rockwell C hardness of a given sample (150 kg load): 43.5HRC(150 kg) ProcedureUnit A reference unit provided by a measurement procedure. Procedure units and measurement units are disjoint. Energy imparted to matter by ionizing radiation in a suitable small element of volume divided by the mass of that element of volume. AbsorbedDose AbsorbedDose http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/AbsorbedDose 10-81.1 Energy imparted to matter by ionizing radiation in a suitable small element of volume divided by the mass of that element of volume. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.A00031 1e-12 0.0 1e-12 fold of the SI derived unit farad divided by the SI base unit metre. -- QUDT PicoFaradPerMetre Picofarad Per Metre PicoFaradPerMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PicoFARAD-PER-M pF.m-1 pF/m 1e-12 fold of the SI derived unit farad divided by the SI base unit metre. -- QUDT Ar The symbol that stands for the argon atom. ArgonSymbol ArgonSymbol The symbol that stands for the argon atom. Enthalpy per amount of substance. MolarEnthalpy MolarEnthalpy https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q88769977 9-6.2 Enthalpy per amount of substance. He The symbol that stands for the helium atom. HeliumSymbol HeliumSymbol The symbol that stands for the helium atom. Quotient of the total linear stopping power S and the mass density ρ of the material. TotalMassStoppingPower MassStoppingPower TotalMassStoppingPower https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/TotalMassStoppingPower https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98642795 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=881-12-52 10-55 Quotient of the total linear stopping power S and the mass density ρ of the material. 1.0 0.0 Moles per square metre per second per steradian. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit MolePerSquareMetrePerSecondPerSteradian MolePerSquareMetrePerSecondPerSteradian http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MOL-PER-M2-SEC-SR mol.m-2.s-1.sr-1 mol/(m²⋅s⋅sr) Moles per square metre per second per steradian. The imaginary part of the impedance. The opposition of a circuit element to a change in current or voltage, due to that element's inductance or capacitance. ElectricReactance Reactance ElectricReactance http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Reactance https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193972 6-51.3 The opposition of a circuit element to a change in current or voltage, due to that element's inductance or capacitance. The imaginary part of the impedance. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_reactance https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.R05162 1000000000.0 0.0 derived SI unit coulomb divided by the 0.000 000 001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre by exponent 3 -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit CoulombPerCubicMilliMetre Coulomb Per Cubic Millimetre CoulombPerCubicMilliMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/C-PER-MilliM3 C.mm-3 C/mm3 C/mm³ derived SI unit coulomb divided by the 0.000 000 001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre by exponent 3 -- QUDT 1.0 0.0 Watts per square metre and metre and steradian. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit WattPerSquareMetrePerMetrePerSteradian WattPerSquareMetrePerMetrePerSteradian http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/W-PER-M2-M-SR W.m-2.m-1.sr-1 W/m²⋅m⋅sr Watts per square metre and metre and steradian. NormalizedStringData NormalizedStringData 192.217 77 Atom subclass for iridium. IridiumAtom IridiumAtom Atom subclass for iridium. At The symbol that stands for the astatine atom. AstatineSymbol AstatineSymbol The symbol that stands for the astatine atom. Mt The symbol that stands for the meitnerium atom. MeitneriumSymbol MeitneriumSymbol The symbol that stands for the meitnerium atom. 0.001 0.0 A unit of inductance equal to one thousandth of a henry. -- QUDT MilliHenry MilliHenry http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliH mH mH A unit of inductance equal to one thousandth of a henry. -- QUDT 1e-06 0.0 One radioactive disintegration per hundred thousand seconds from an SI standard unit of mass of sample. -- QUDT MicroBecquerelPerKilogram Microbecquerels per kilogram MicroBecquerelPerKilogram http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroBQ-PER-KiloGM uBq.kg-1 µBq/kg One radioactive disintegration per hundred thousand seconds from an SI standard unit of mass of sample. -- QUDT 1.0 0.0 SI base unit mol divided by the SI base unit second -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit MolePerSecond Mole Per Second MolePerSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MOL-PER-SEC mol.s-1 mol/s mol/s SI base unit mol divided by the SI base unit second -- QUDT For a sinusoidal wave at a given point, velocity in the direction of propagation of the wavefront corresponding to a specified phase. PhaseVelocity PhaseSpeed PhaseVelocity https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13824 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=103-10-13 https://dbpedia.org/page/Phase_velocity 3-23.1 For a sinusoidal wave at a given point, velocity in the direction of propagation of the wavefront corresponding to a specified phase. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase_velocity Atomic quantum number related to the orbital angular momentum l of a one-electron state. OrbitalAngularMomentumQuantumNumber OrbitalAngularMomentumQuantumNumber https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/OrbitalAngularMomentumQuantumNumber https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1916324 10-13.3 Atomic quantum number related to the orbital angular momentum l of a one-electron state. Number describing a particular state of a quantum system. QuantumNumber QuantumNumber https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/QuantumNumber https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232431 10-13.1 Number describing a particular state of a quantum system. Ne The symbol that stands for the neon atom. NeonSymbol NeonSymbol The symbol that stands for the neon atom. 1000000000.0 0.0 1 000 000 000-fold of the SI derived unit ohm -- QUDT GigaOhm GigaOhm http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/GigaOHM GOhm GΩ 1 000 000 000-fold of the SI derived unit ohm -- QUDT 1.0 0.0 Pascal Second Per Meter (Pa-s/m) is a unit in the category of Specific acoustic impedance. It is also known as pascal-second/meter. Pascal Second Per Meter has a dimension of ML²T⁻¹ where M is mass, L is length, and T is time. It essentially the same as the corresponding standard SI unit kg/m2· s. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit PascalSecondPerMetre http://www.efunda.com/glossary/units/units--specific_acoustic_impedance--pascal_second_per_meter.cfm Pascal Second Per Metre PascalSecondPerMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PA-SEC-PER-M Pa.s.m-1 Pa⋅s/m Pascal Second Per Meter (Pa-s/m) is a unit in the category of Specific acoustic impedance. It is also known as pascal-second/meter. Pascal Second Per Meter has a dimension of ML²T⁻¹ where M is mass, L is length, and T is time. It essentially the same as the corresponding standard SI unit kg/m2· s. -- QUDT 10000.0 0.0 derived SI unit joule divided by the 0.0001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre by exponent 2 -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit JoulePerSquareCentiMetre Joule Per Square Centimetre JoulePerSquareCentiMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/J-PER-CentiM2 J.cm-2 J/cm² derived SI unit joule divided by the 0.0001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre by exponent 2 -- QUDT Inverse of the radius of curvature. Curvature Curvature https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/CurvatureFromRadius https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214881 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-01-31 https://dbpedia.org/page/Curvature 3-2 Inverse of the radius of curvature. ChemicalCompositionQuantity ChemicalCompositionQuantity the abundance of a constituent divided by the total volume of a mixture. Concentration Concentration https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Concentration https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3686031 https://dbpedia.org/page/Concentration the abundance of a constituent divided by the total volume of a mixture. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concentration https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/C01222 0.001 0.0 0.001-fold of the SI derived unit coulomb divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 -- QUDT MilliCoulombPerSquareMetre Millicoulomb Per Square Metre MilliCoulombPerSquareMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliC-PER-M2 mC.m-2 mC/m² 0.001-fold of the SI derived unit coulomb divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 -- QUDT 1.0 0.0 Newton second measured per metre -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit NewtonSecondPerMetre Newton Second per Metre NewtonSecondPerMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/N-SEC-PER-M N.s.m-1 N⋅s/m Newton second measured per metre -- QUDT Mean number of particles per volume. ParticleNumberDensity ParticleNumberDensity https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ParticleNumberDensity https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98601569 10-62.1 Mean number of particles per volume. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.N04262 The derivative of the electric charge of a system with respect to the length. LinearDensityOfElectricCharge LinearDensityOfElectricCharge https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77267838 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=121-11-09 6-5 The derivative of the electric charge of a system with respect to the length. 1.0 0.0 Coulomb Square Meter (C-m2) is a unit in the category of Electric quadrupole moment. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Coulomb Square Meter (C-m2) has a dimension of L2TI where L is length, T is time, and I is electric current. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit CoulombSquareMetre Coulomb Square Metre CoulombSquareMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/C-M2 C.m2 C⋅m² Coulomb Square Meter (C-m2) is a unit in the category of Electric quadrupole moment. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Coulomb Square Meter (C-m2) has a dimension of L2TI where L is length, T is time, and I is electric current. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT T+1 L+2 M0 I+1 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricChargeArea'. ElectricChargeAreaUnit ElectricChargeAreaUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricChargeArea'. For solvent A, standard absolute activity of the pure substance A at the same temperature and at a standard pressure. StandardAbsoluteActivityOfSolvent StandardAbsoluteActivityOfSolvent https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q89556185 9-27.3 For solvent A, standard absolute activity of the pure substance A at the same temperature and at a standard pressure. The measure of the resistance of a fluid to flow when an external force is applied. DynamicViscosity Viscosity DynamicViscosity https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/DynamicViscosity https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15152757 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-03-34 4-24 The measure of the resistance of a fluid to flow when an external force is applied. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.D01877 T0 L0 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J+1 The class of units with dimensionality 'LuminousIntensity'. LuminousIntensityUnit LuminousIntensityUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'LuminousIntensity'. A coded that makes use of an atomic symbol with respect to the code used to refer to the interaction. A property is atomic in the sense that is aimed to deliver one and one only aspect of the object according to one code, such as the color with one sign (e.g., black) or a quantitiative property (e.g., 1.4 kg). Property Hardness is a subclass of properties. Vickers hardness is a subclass of hardness that involves the procedures and instruments defined by the standard hardness test. The name "red" which is atomic in the code made of the list of colors. Property A coded that makes use of an atomic symbol with respect to the code used to refer to the interaction. A property is atomic in the sense that is aimed to deliver one and one only aspect of the object according to one code, such as the color with one sign (e.g., black) or a quantitiative property (e.g., 1.4 kg). 1.0 0.0 Joule square metre per kilogram. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit JouleSquareMetrePerKilogram JouleSquareMetrePerKilogram http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/J-M2-PER-KiloGM J.m2.kg-1 j⋅m²/kg Joule square metre per kilogram. T-2 L+4 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'MassStoppingPower'. MassStoppingPowerUnit MassStoppingPowerUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'MassStoppingPower'. 0.001 0.0 A MilliCoulomb is 10⁻³ C. -- QUDT MilliCoulomb MilliCoulomb MilliCoulomb http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliC mC mC A MilliCoulomb is 10⁻³ C. -- QUDT Quotient of mechanical output and input power. MechanicalEfficiency MechanicalEfficiency https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2628085 4-29 Quotient of mechanical output and input power. 1000.0 0.0 1 000-fold of the SI derived unit joule divided by the SI base unit kilogram -- QUDT KiloJoulePerKilogram Kilojoule Per Kilogram KiloJoulePerKilogram http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloJ-PER-KiloGM kJ.kg-1 kJ/kg kJ/kg 1 000-fold of the SI derived unit joule divided by the SI base unit kilogram -- QUDT At a point in a fluid, the product of mass density and velocity. MassFlow MassFlow https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3265048 4-30.1 At a point in a fluid, the product of mass density and velocity. rad Dimensionless measurement unit for plane angle. Measure of plane angle. Radian Radian C81 http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/RAD rad http://dbpedia.org/resource/Radian Measure of plane angle. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radian?oldid=492309312 https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.R05036 A non-SI coherent can be expressed in terms of its corresponding SI coherent unit, as nonsi_coherent_unit = si_coherent_unit * multiplier + offset where `multiplier` and `offset` are specified via the 'hasConversionMultiplier' and 'hasConversionOffset' data properties, respectively. An SI unit whos numerical factor in front of the product of base SI units is NOT equal to one. SINonCoherentUnit SINonCoherentUnit An SI unit whos numerical factor in front of the product of base SI units is NOT equal to one. A non-SI coherent can be expressed in terms of its corresponding SI coherent unit, as nonsi_coherent_unit = si_coherent_unit * multiplier + offset where `multiplier` and `offset` are specified via the 'hasConversionMultiplier' and 'hasConversionOffset' data properties, respectively. The complete set of SI units includes both the coherent set and the multiples and sub-multiples formed by using the SI prefixes. The names, symbols and prefixes of SI units are defined by the General Conference on Weights and Measures (CGPM). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Conference_on_Weights_and_Measures The set of units provided by the SI referring to the ISQ. SIUnit SIUnit The set of units provided by the SI referring to the ISQ. Ac The symbol that stands for the actinium atom. ActiniumSymbol ActiniumSymbol The symbol that stands for the actinium atom. ThermochemicalTreatment ThermochemicalTreatment Time derivative of the dose equivalent. DoseEquivalentRate DoseEquivalentRate https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q99604810 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=881-14-02 10-83.2 Time derivative of the dose equivalent. Differential quotient of the absorbed dose with respect to time. AbsorbedDoseRate AbsorbedDoseRate https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/AbsorbedDoseRate https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69428958 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=881-12-07 10-84 Differential quotient of the absorbed dose with respect to time. Number of different microstates in a subsystem. StatisticalWeightOfSubsystem StatisticalWeightOfSubsystem https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96207431 9-36.1 Number of different microstates in a subsystem. 10000.0 0.0 derived SI unit coulomb divided by the 0.0001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre by exponent 2 -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit CoulombPerSquareCentiMetre Coulomb Per Square Centimetre CoulombPerSquareCentiMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/C-PER-CentiM2 C.cm-2 C/cm2 C/cm² derived SI unit coulomb divided by the 0.0001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre by exponent 2 -- QUDT 1000000.0 0.0 Per Micrometer Unit is a denominator unit with dimensions /microm. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit PerMicroMetre ReciprocalMicroMetre PerMicroMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-MicroM /um um-1 /µm Per Micrometer Unit is a denominator unit with dimensions /microm. -- QUDT A computer language that expresses the presentation of structured documents. StyleSheetLanguage CSS StyleSheetLanguage A computer language that expresses the presentation of structured documents. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Style_sheet_language 1e-15 0.0 10**-12 grams or one 10**-15 of the SI standard unit of mass (kilogram). -- QUDT PicoGram PicoGram http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PicoGM pg pg 10**-12 grams or one 10**-15 of the SI standard unit of mass (kilogram). -- QUDT 100.0 0.0 derived SI unit volt divided by the 0.01-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit VoltPerCentiMetre Volt Per Centimetre VoltPerCentiMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/V-PER-CentiM V.cm-1 V/cm derived SI unit volt divided by the 0.01-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT 1.0 0.0 Radian square metre per kilogram. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit RadianSquareMetrePerKilogram RadianSquareMetrePerKilogram http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/RAD-M2-PER-KiloGM rad.m2.kg-1 rad⋅m²/kg Radian square metre per kilogram. ThermalSprayingForming ThermalSprayingForming Co The symbol that stands for the cobalt atom. CobaltSymbol CobaltSymbol The symbol that stands for the cobalt atom. 0.001 0.0 MilliBecquerel MilliBecquerel MilliBecquerel http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliBQ mBq QWhole QualifiedWhole QWhole A perspective characterized by the belief that: - a whole is more than merely the sum of its parts (wholism) - the parts of a whole are interconnected in a way that can be explained only by reference to the whole (rolism). An holistic perspective considers each part of the whole as equally important, without the need to position the parts within a hierarchy (in time or space). The interest is on the whole, on its parts (how they contribute to the whole, i.e. their roles), and their types, without going further into specifying the spatial hierarchy or the temporal position of each part. This class allows the picking of parts without necessarily going trough a rigid hierarchy of spatial compositions (e.g. body -> organ -> cell -> molecule) or temporal composition. This is inline with the transitive nature of parthood, as it is usually defined in literature. The holistic perspective is not excluding the reductionistic perspective, on the contrary it can be considered its complement. The union of classes whole and part. Holistic Wholistic A molecule of a body can have role in the body evolution, without caring if its part of a specific organ and without specifying the time interval in which this role occurred. A product is a role that can be fulfilled by many objects, but always requires a process to which the product participates and from which it is generated. Holistic An holistic perspective considers each part of the whole as equally important, without the need to position the parts within a hierarchy (in time or space). The interest is on the whole, on its parts (how they contribute to the whole, i.e. their roles), and their types, without going further into specifying the spatial hierarchy or the temporal position of each part. This class allows the picking of parts without necessarily going trough a rigid hierarchy of spatial compositions (e.g. body -> organ -> cell -> molecule) or temporal composition. This is inline with the transitive nature of parthood, as it is usually defined in literature. The union of classes whole and part. A perspective characterized by the belief that: - a whole is more than merely the sum of its parts (wholism) - the parts of a whole are interconnected in a way that can be explained only by reference to the whole (rolism). The holistic perspective is not excluding the reductionistic perspective, on the contrary it can be considered its complement. An object which is an holistic spatial part of a process. Participant A student during an examination. Participant An object which is an holistic spatial part of a process. 1.0 0.0 `Ampere Per Square Meter` is a unit in the category of electric current density. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit AmperePerSquareMetre https://cdd.iec.ch/cdd/iec61360/iec61360.nsf/Units/0112-2---62720%23UAA105 Ampere per Square Metre AmperePerSquareMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/A-PER-M2 A.m-2 A/m2 A/m² `Ampere Per Square Meter` is a unit in the category of electric current density. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. -- QUDT 1 A quantifiable property of a phenomenon, body, or substance. VIM defines a quantity as a "property of a phenomenon, body, or substance, where the property has a magnitude that can be expressed as a number and a reference". A quantity in EMMO is a property and therefore only addresses the first part of the VIM definition (that is a property of a phenomenon, body, or substance). The second part (that it can be expressed as a number and a reference) is syntactic and addressed by emmo:QuantityValue. Quantity Measurand length Rockwell C hardness electric resistance Quantity https://qudt.org/schema/qudt/Quantity DisjointUnionOf: SubjectiveProperty, ObjectiveProperty EquivalentTo: PhysicalQuantity or OrdinalQuantity A quantifiable property of a phenomenon, body, or substance. measurand quantity VIM defines a quantity as a "property of a phenomenon, body, or substance, where the property has a magnitude that can be expressed as a number and a reference". A quantity in EMMO is a property and therefore only addresses the first part of the VIM definition (that is a property of a phenomenon, body, or substance). The second part (that it can be expressed as a number and a reference) is syntactic and addressed by emmo:QuantityValue. 1.0 0.0 product out of the SI base unit ampere and the SI base unit second -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit AmpereSecond Ampere Second AmpereSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/A-SEC A.s A⋅s product out of the SI base unit ampere and the SI base unit second -- QUDT 294.214 118 Atom subclass for oganesson. OganessonAtom OganessonAtom Atom subclass for oganesson. Partial differential quotient of the cross section of a process with respect to the solid angle around a given direction and the energy of a particle scattered in that direction. DirectionAndEnergyDistributionOfCrossSection DirectionAndEnergyDistributionOfCrossSection https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/SpectralAngularCrossSection https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98269571 10-41 Partial differential quotient of the cross section of a process with respect to the solid angle around a given direction and the energy of a particle scattered in that direction. 1e-06 0.0 volume ratio consisting of the 0.000 001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit CubicCentiMetrePerCubicMetre Cubic Centimetre Per Cubic Metre CubicCentiMetrePerCubicMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/CentiM3-PER-M3 cm3.m-3 cm3/m3 cm³/m³ volume ratio consisting of the 0.000 001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT Removal of material by means of rigid or flexible discs or belts containing abrasives. Grinding Schleifen Grinding UndefinedEdgeCutting Spanen mit geometrisch unbestimmten Schneiden UndefinedEdgeCutting Charge number is a quantity of dimension one defined in ChargeNumber. For all types of ions in a solution, half the sum of the products of their molality b_i and the square of their charge number z_i. IonicStrength IonicStrength https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/IonicStrength https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898396 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-01-24 9-42 For all types of ions in a solution, half the sum of the products of their molality b_i and the square of their charge number z_i. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.I03180 ArithmeticExpression 2+2 ArithmeticExpression 1.0 0.0 Watt second per square metre. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit WattSecondPerSquareMetre WattSecondPerSquareMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/W-SEC-PER-M2 W.s.m-2 W⋅s/m² Watt second per square metre. T-6 L+4 M+2 I-2 Θ-2 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'SquareElectricPotentialPerSquareTemperature'. SquareElectricPotentialPerSquareTemperatureUnit SquareElectricPotentialPerSquareTemperatureUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'SquareElectricPotentialPerSquareTemperature'. T+1 L-2 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J+1 The class of units with dimensionality 'IlluminanceTime'. IlluminanceTimeUnit IlluminanceTimeUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'IlluminanceTime'. 0.001 0.0 0.001-fold of the SI derived unit farad -- QUDT MilliFarad MilliFarad http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliFARAD mF mF 0.001-fold of the SI derived unit farad -- QUDT 1e-09 0.0 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit farad divided by the 1,000-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit MicroFaradPerKiloMetre Microfarad Per Kilometre MicroFaradPerKiloMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroFARAD-PER-KiloM uF.km-1 μF/km 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit farad divided by the 1,000-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT Electric charge per volume. ElectricChargeDensity VolumeElectricCharge ElectricChargeDensity https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ElectricChargeDensity https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69425629 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=121-11-07 6-3 Electric charge per volume. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.C00988 Sum of electric current density and displacement current density. TotalCurrentDensity TotalCurrentDensity https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/TotalCurrentDensity https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77680811 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=121-11-44 6-20 Sum of electric current density and displacement current density. Electric current divided by the cross-sectional area it is passing through. ElectricCurrentDensity AreicElectricCurrent CurrentDensity ElectricCurrentDensity http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ElectricCurrentDensity https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q234072 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=121-11-11 6-8 Electric current divided by the cross-sectional area it is passing through. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Current_density https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.E01928 The interpreter's internal representation of the object in a semiosis process. Interpretant A film is the interpretant for a camera, which is the interpreter. The object captured by the camera is the referent. The film is the internal representation of the object, i.e. how the camera understand the object according to its capacity. The film (interpretant) refers to the object (referent) according to the camera (interpreter). When the film is removed from the camera, developed and printed on photographic paper (or for digital camera the image is downloaded as jpeg and displayed on a laptop) then we create a sign other than the interpretant. However, in case of analogic film we can always look at the negatve that will suggest the intended referent. This is because both sign and interpretant are related to the referent in a similar way. (What we call sign and interpretant in EMMO are both intended as "signs" in Peirce semiotics, the first being external signal for the interpreter and the second the internal sign) Interpretant The interpreter's internal representation of the object in a semiosis process. A programming language entity expressing a formal detailed plan of what a software is intended to do. A source code is the companion of an application, being it the entity used to generate the application list of CPU executable instructions. SourceCode SourceCode A programming language entity expressing a formal detailed plan of what a software is intended to do. A source code is the companion of an application, being it the entity used to generate the application list of CPU executable instructions. Source code (also referred to as source or code) is the version of software as it is originally written (i.e., typed into a computer) by a human in plain text (i.e., human readable alphanumeric characters). 1.0 0.0 "Per Square Meter" is a denominator unit with dimensions /m². -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit PerSquareMetre ReciprocalSquareMetre PerSquareMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-M2 /m2 m-2 /m² "Per Square Meter" is a denominator unit with dimensions /m². -- QUDT A heap class H (subclass of Heap) is defined by choosing a reference type φ, with H subclass of φ, so that each H entity has non overlapping φ parts. The superclass for all classes of entities that have at least two non overlapping proper parts of the same type of the whole. Heap Heap The superclass for all classes of entities that have at least two non overlapping proper parts of the same type of the whole. A heap class H (subclass of Heap) is defined by choosing a reference type φ, with H subclass of φ, so that each H entity has non overlapping φ parts. 60.0 0.0 min A minute is a unit of measurement of time. The minute is a unit of time equal to 1/60 (the first sexagesimal fraction of an hour or 60 seconds. In the UTC time scale, a minute on rare occasions has 59 or 61 seconds; see leap second. The minute is not an SI unit; however, it is accepted for use with SI units. The SI symbol for minute or minutes is min (for time measurement) or the prime symbol after a number, e.g. 5' (for angle measurement, even if it is informally used for time). -- QUDT Non-SI time unit defined as 60 seconds. Minute Minute MIN http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MIN min http://dbpedia.org/page/Minute Non-SI time unit defined as 60 seconds. A minute is a unit of measurement of time. The minute is a unit of time equal to 1/60 (the first sexagesimal fraction of an hour or 60 seconds. In the UTC time scale, a minute on rare occasions has 59 or 61 seconds; see leap second. The minute is not an SI unit; however, it is accepted for use with SI units. The SI symbol for minute or minutes is min (for time measurement) or the prime symbol after a number, e.g. 5' (for angle measurement, even if it is informally used for time). -- QUDT Sb The symbol that stands for the antimony atom. AntimonySymbol AntimonySymbol The symbol that stands for the antimony atom. Quotient of thermal conductivity, and the product of electric conductivity and thermodynamic temperature. LorenzCoefficient LorenzNumber LorenzCoefficient https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/LorenzCoefficient https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105728754 12-18 Quotient of thermal conductivity, and the product of electric conductivity and thermodynamic temperature. Rf The symbol that stands for the rutherfordium atom. RutherfordiumSymbol RutherfordiumSymbol The symbol that stands for the rutherfordium atom. A dimensionless thermodynamic parameter named after German physicist Eduard Grüneisen. ThermodynamicGrueneisenParameter ThermodynamicGrueneisenParameter https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105658620 12-13 A dimensionless thermodynamic parameter named after German physicist Eduard Grüneisen. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%BCneisen_parameter T-1 L0 M0 I0 Θ+1 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'TemperaturePerTime'. TemperaturePerTimeUnit TemperaturePerTimeUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'TemperaturePerTime'. Volume of a constituent of a mixture divided by the sum of volumes of all constituents prior to mixing. VolumeFraction VolumeFraction http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/VolumeFraction 9-14 Volume of a constituent of a mixture divided by the sum of volumes of all constituents prior to mixing. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.V06643 T-3 L+3 M+1 I-1 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricFlux'. ElectricFluxUnit ElectricFluxUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricFlux'. MicrowaveSintering MicrowaveSintering 1000000000.0 0.0 The hertz (symbol Hz) is the SI unit of frequency defined as the number of cycles per second of a periodic phenomenon. A GigaHertz is 10⁹ hz. -- QUDT GigaHertz GigaHertz http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/GigaHZ GHz GHz The hertz (symbol Hz) is the SI unit of frequency defined as the number of cycles per second of a periodic phenomenon. A GigaHertz is 10⁹ hz. -- QUDT Scalar or tensor quantity the product of which by the magnetic constant μ0 and by the magnetic field strength H is equal to the magnetic polarization J. MagneticSusceptibility MagneticSusceptibility https://qudt.org/vocab/unit/SUSCEPTIBILITY_MAG.html https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q691463 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=121-12-37 6-28 Scalar or tensor quantity the product of which by the magnetic constant μ0 and by the magnetic field strength H is equal to the magnetic polarization J. Cl The symbol that stands for the chlorine atom. ChlorineSymbol ChlorineSymbol The symbol that stands for the chlorine atom. 1e-12 0.0 A PicoCoulomb is 10⁻¹² C. -- QUDT PicoCoulomb PicoCoulomb PicoCoulomb http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PicoC pC pC A PicoCoulomb is 10⁻¹² C. -- QUDT Mn The symbol that stands for the manganese atom. ManganeseSymbol ManganeseSymbol The symbol that stands for the manganese atom. Unit for quantities of dimension one that are the fraction of two speeds. SpeedFractionUnit Unit for refractive index. SpeedFractionUnit Unit for quantities of dimension one that are the fraction of two speeds. A mathematical object in this branch is not representing a concept but an actual graphical object built using mathematcal symbols arranged in some way, according to math conventions. The class of general mathematical symbolic objects respecting mathematical syntactic rules. Mathematical Mathematical The class of general mathematical symbolic objects respecting mathematical syntactic rules. A mathematical object in this branch is not representing a concept but an actual graphical object built using mathematcal symbols arranged in some way, according to math conventions. kg The kilogram, symbol kg, is the SI unit of mass. It is defined by taking the fixed numerical value of the Planck constant h to be 6.62607015×10−34 when expressed in the unit J s, which is equal to kg m2 s−1, where the metre and the second are defined in terms of c and ∆νCs. Kilogram Kilogram Kilogram KGM http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloGM kg http://dbpedia.org/resource/Kilogram The kilogram, symbol kg, is the SI unit of mass. It is defined by taking the fixed numerical value of the Planck constant h to be 6.62607015×10−34 when expressed in the unit J s, which is equal to kg m2 s−1, where the metre and the second are defined in terms of c and ∆νCs. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilogram?oldid=493633626 https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.K03391 A standalone atom that has no net charge. NeutralAtom NeutralAtom A standalone atom that has no net charge. In an infinite medium, the ratio of the mean number of neutrons produced by fission due to neutrons of all energies to the mean number of neutrons produced by fissions due to thermal neutrons only. FastFissionFactor FastFissionFactor https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/FastFissionFactor https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q99197493 10-75 In an infinite medium, the ratio of the mean number of neutrons produced by fission due to neutrons of all energies to the mean number of neutrons produced by fissions due to thermal neutrons only. 112.414 48 Atom subclass for cadmium. CadmiumAtom CadmiumAtom Atom subclass for cadmium. 10000.0 0.0 Watt Per Square Centimeter is a unit of heat flux or thermal flux, the rate of heat energy transfer through a given surface. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit WattPerSquareCentiMetre Watt per Square Centimetre WattPerSquareCentiMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/W-PER-CentiM2 W.cm-2 W/cm² Watt Per Square Centimeter is a unit of heat flux or thermal flux, the rate of heat energy transfer through a given surface. -- QUDT A heterogeneous object made of different graphical object parts. Document Document A heterogeneous object made of different graphical object parts. Ca The symbol that stands for the calcium atom. CalciumSymbol CalciumSymbol The symbol that stands for the calcium atom. Quotient of the linear attenuation coefficient µ and the mass density ρ of the medium. MassAttenuationCoefficient MassAttenuationCoefficient https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MassAttenuationCoefficient https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98591983 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=881-04-27 10-50 Quotient of the linear attenuation coefficient µ and the mass density ρ of the medium. 1e-12 0.0 NanoGramPerSquareMetrePerPascalPerSecond Nanograms per square metre per Pascal per second NanoGramPerSquareMetrePerPascalPerSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/NanoGM-PER-M2-PA-SEC ng/(m²⋅s⋅Pa) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perm_(unit) 1.0 0.0 SI derived unit watt divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit WattPerCubicMetre Watt Per Cubic Metre WattPerCubicMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/W-PER-M3 W.m-3 W/m³ SI derived unit watt divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT inverse of the mass density ρ, thus v = 1/ρ. SpecificVolume MassicVolume SpecificVolume https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/SpecificVolume https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q683556 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-03-09 4-3 inverse of the mass density ρ, thus v = 1/ρ. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.S05807 1.0 0.0 `Hertz per Kelvin` is a unit for 'Inverse Time Temperature' expressed as Hz K⁻¹. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit HertzPerKelvin Hertz per Kelvin HertzPerKelvin http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/HZ-PER-K Hz.K-1 Hz/K `Hertz per Kelvin` is a unit for 'Inverse Time Temperature' expressed as Hz K⁻¹. -- QUDT Vector quantity in a quantum system composed of the vectorial sum of angular momentum L and spin s. TotalAngularMomentum TotalAngularMomentum https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/TotalAngularMomentum https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q97496506 10-11 Vector quantity in a quantum system composed of the vectorial sum of angular momentum L and spin s. For a two-terminal element or a two-terminal circuit under periodic conditions, quantity equal to the square root of the difference of the squares of the apparent power S and the active power P. NonActivePower NonActivePower https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/NonActivePower https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79813060 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=131-11-43 6-61 For a two-terminal element or a two-terminal circuit under periodic conditions, quantity equal to the square root of the difference of the squares of the apparent power S and the active power P. 1.0 0.0 Mole Per Kilogram Pascal (mol/kg-pa) is a unit of Molar Mass variation due to Pressure. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit MolePerKilogramPascal Mole per Kilogram Pascal MolePerKilogramPascal http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MOL-PER-KiloGM-PA mol.kg-1.Pa-1 mol/(kg⋅Pa) Mole Per Kilogram Pascal (mol/kg-pa) is a unit of Molar Mass variation due to Pressure. -- QUDT T+2 L+1 M-2 I0 Θ0 N+1 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'AmountPerMassPressure'. AmountPerMassPressureUnit AmountPerMassPressureUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'AmountPerMassPressure'. 0.1 0.0 0.1-fold of the product of the derived SI unit joule and the SI base unit metre -- QUDT DeciNewtonMetre Decinewton Metre DeciNewtonMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/DeciN-M dN.m dN⋅m 0.1-fold of the product of the derived SI unit joule and the SI base unit metre -- QUDT Activity factors can also be obtained applying Raoult's law or Henry's law. For substance X in a liquid or a solid mixture; quotient of absolute activity of substance X and the product of absolute activity of the pure substance X at the same temperature and pressure and amount-of-substance fraction of substance X. ActivityFactor ActivityFactor https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q89335167 9-22 For substance X in a liquid or a solid mixture; quotient of absolute activity of substance X and the product of absolute activity of the pure substance X at the same temperature and pressure and amount-of-substance fraction of substance X. Activity factors can also be obtained applying Raoult's law or Henry's law. A coefficient in thermodynamics used to account for deviation of a mixture of chemical substances from ideal behaviour. ActivityCoefficient ActivityCoefficient https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ActivityCoefficient https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q745224 9-25 A coefficient in thermodynamics used to account for deviation of a mixture of chemical substances from ideal behaviour. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.A00116 1000000.0 0.0 product of the 1 000 000-fold of the SI derived unit hertz and the 1 000-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT MegaHertzMetre Megahertz Metre MegaHertzMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MegaHZ-M MHz.m MHz⋅m product of the 1 000 000-fold of the SI derived unit hertz and the 1 000-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT Length in a given direction regarded as horizontal. The terms breadth and width are often used by convention, as distinguished from length and from height or thickness. Width Breadth Width https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Width https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35059 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-01-20 3-1.2 Length in a given direction regarded as horizontal. Quotient of the magnetic dipole moment of an atom, and the product of the total angular momentum quantum number and the Bohr magneton. LandeFactor GFactorOfAtom LandeFactor https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/LandeGFactor https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1191684 10-14.1 Quotient of the magnetic dipole moment of an atom, and the product of the total angular momentum quantum number and the Bohr magneton. UnintentionalAgency UnintentionalAgency k 1000.0 SI prefix who's value is 1000. Kilo Kilo SI prefix who's value is 1000. 107.8682 47 Atom subclass for silver. SilverAtom SilverAtom Atom subclass for silver. SharedAgent SharedAgent IntentionalAgentByKind IntentionalAgentByKind 0.001 0.0 MilliSiemensPerMetre MilliSiemens per metre MilliSiemensPerMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliS-PER-M mS.m-1 mS/m A mixed tiling in which a tile has next spatially connected tiles. Broadcast Broadcast https://raw.githubusercontent.com/emmo-repo/EMMO/1.0.0-rc3/doc/figs/MixedTiling.png A mixed tiling in which a tile has next spatially connected tiles. A well formed tessellation with at least a junction tile. MixedTiling MixedTiling https://raw.githubusercontent.com/emmo-repo/EMMO/1.0.0-rc3/doc/figs/MixedTiling.png A well formed tessellation with at least a junction tile. 100.0 0.0 product out of the 100-fold of the SI unit pascal and the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the SI base unit second -- QUDT HectoPascalCubicMetrePerSecond Hectopascal Cubic Metre Per Second HectoPascalCubicMetrePerSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/HectoPA-M3-PER-SEC hPa.m3.s-1 hPa⋅m³/s product out of the 100-fold of the SI unit pascal and the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the SI base unit second -- QUDT T-3 L+4 M+1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'PowerArea'. PowerAreaUnit PowerAreaUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'PowerArea'. Time derivative of kerma. KermaRate KermaRate https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/KermaRate https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q99713105 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=881-12-28 10-86.2 Time derivative of kerma. Inverse of the magnetic flux quantum. The DBpedia definition (http://dbpedia.org/page/Magnetic_flux_quantum) is outdated as May 20, 2019. It is now an exact quantity. JosephsonConstant JosephsonConstant http://qudt.org/vocab/constant/JosephsonConstant Inverse of the magnetic flux quantum. T+1 L-1 M0 I+1 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricChargePerLength'. ElectricChargePerLengthUnit ElectricChargePerLengthUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricChargePerLength'. T+1 L+1 M0 I+1 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricDipoleMoment'. ElectricDipoleMomentUnit ElectricDipoleMomentUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricDipoleMoment'. A collapse is a fundamental process occurring to one particle that is expressed as a complete bipartite directed graph K(1,n) with n>1, being n the number of outgoing particles. Decay Decay A collapse is a fundamental process occurring to one particle that is expressed as a complete bipartite directed graph K(1,n) with n>1, being n the number of outgoing particles. Metre to the power four per second. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit QuarticMetrePerSecond QuarticMetrePerSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M4-PER-SEC m4.s-1 m⁴/s Metre to the power four per second. T-1 L+4 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'QuarticLengthPerTime'. QuarticLengthPerTimeUnit QuarticLengthPerTimeUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'QuarticLengthPerTime'. 0.001 0.0 0.001-fold of the SI derived unit weber divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 -- QUDT MilliWattPerSquareMetre Milliwatt Per Square Metre MilliWattPerSquareMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliW-PER-M2 mW.m-2 mW/m² 0.001-fold of the SI derived unit weber divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 -- QUDT 1.0 0.0 "Watt per Square Meter} is a unit of irradiance defined as the power received per area. This is a unit in the category of Energy flux. It is also known as watts per square meter, watt per square metre, watts per square metre, watt/square meter, watt/square metre. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Watt Per Square Meter (W/m²) has a dimension of MT^{-3" where M is mass, and T is time. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit WattPerSquareMetre http://www.efunda.com/glossary/units/units--energy_flux--watt_per_square_meter.cfm Watt per Square Metre WattPerSquareMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/W-PER-M2 W.m-2 W/m2 W/m² "Watt per Square Meter} is a unit of irradiance defined as the power received per area. This is a unit in the category of Energy flux. It is also known as watts per square meter, watt per square metre, watts per square metre, watt/square meter, watt/square metre. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Watt Per Square Meter (W/m²) has a dimension of MT^{-3" where M is mass, and T is time. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT 1e-06 0.0 0,000 001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the SI base unit kelvin -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit CubicCentiMetrePerKelvin Cubic Centimetre Per Kelvin CubicCentiMetrePerKelvin http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/CentiM3-PER-K cm3.K-1 cm3/K cm³/K 0,000 001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the SI base unit kelvin -- QUDT 118.71 50 Atom subclass for tin. TinAtom TinAtom Atom subclass for tin. 1e-06 0.0 MilliGramPerSquareMetrePerSecond Milligrams per square metre per second MilliGramPerSquareMetrePerSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliGM-PER-M2-SEC mg.m-2.s-1 mg/(m²⋅s) One minus the square of the coupling factor LeakageFactor LeakageFactor https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q78102042 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=131-12-42 6-42.2 One minus the square of the coupling factor Voltage phasor multiplied by complex conjugate of the current phasor. ComplexPower ComplexApparentPower ComplexPower https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ComplexPower https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65239736 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=131-11-39 6-59 Voltage phasor multiplied by complex conjugate of the current phasor. A data representing an arbritrary sized integer number. IntegerData https://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#integer IntegerData EquivalentTo: hasDataValue some xsd:integer A data representing an arbritrary sized integer number. 1e-09 0.0 0.000000001-fold of the SI derived unit henry -- QUDT NanoHenry NanoHenry http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/NanoH nH nH 0.000000001-fold of the SI derived unit henry -- QUDT A computational application that uses existing data to predict the behaviour of a system without providing a identifiable analogy with the original object. DataBasedSimulationSoftware DataBasedSimulationSoftware A computational application that uses existing data to predict the behaviour of a system without providing a identifiable analogy with the original object. 1000000.0 0.0 1,000,000-fold of the SI derived unit joule divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT MegaJoulePerCubicMetre Megajoule Per Cubic Metre MegaJoulePerCubicMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MegaJ-PER-M3 MJ.m-3 MJ/m³ 1,000,000-fold of the SI derived unit joule divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT Performance measure of a device that uses thermal energy, expressed as the ratio of work done over thermal energy used. ThermodynamicEfficiency ThermalEfficiency ThermodynamicEfficiency https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ThermalEfficiency https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1452104 5-25.1 Performance measure of a device that uses thermal energy, expressed as the ratio of work done over thermal energy used. 1.0 0.0 Newton Per Meter (N/m) is a unit in the category of Surface tension. It is also known as newtons per meter, newton per metre, newtons per metre, newton/meter, newton/metre. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Newton Per Meter (N/m) has a dimension of MT-2 where M is mass, and T is time. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit NewtonPerMetre Newton per Metre NewtonPerMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/N-PER-M N.m-1 N/m N/m Newton Per Meter (N/m) is a unit in the category of Surface tension. It is also known as newtons per meter, newton per metre, newtons per metre, newton/meter, newton/metre. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Newton Per Meter (N/m) has a dimension of MT-2 where M is mass, and T is time. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT 1000.0 0.0 1 000-fold of the SI base unit mol divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT KiloMolePerCubicMetre Kilomole Per Cubic Metre KiloMolePerCubicMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloMOL-PER-M3 kmol.m-3 kmol/m³ 1 000-fold of the SI base unit mol divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT System program refers to operating systems and utility programs that manage computer resources at a low level enabling a computer to function. SystemProgram An operating system. A graphic driver. SystemProgram System program refers to operating systems and utility programs that manage computer resources at a low level enabling a computer to function. 1.0 0.0 Watts per square metre per metre. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit WattPerSquareMetrePerMetre WattPerSquareMetrePerMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/W-PER-M2-M W.m-2.m-1 W/m²⋅m Watts per square metre per metre. Number of electrons in conduction band per volume. ElectronDensity ElectronDensity https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ElectronDensity https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=705-06-05 12-29.1 Number of electrons in conduction band per volume. A material is a crystal if it has essentially a sharp diffraction pattern. A solid is a crystal if it has essentially a sharp diffraction pattern. The word essentially means that most of the intensity of the diffraction is concentrated in relatively sharp Bragg peaks, besides the always present diffuse scattering. In all cases, the positions of the diffraction peaks can be expressed by H=∑ni=1hia∗i (n≥3) Crystal Crystal A material is a crystal if it has essentially a sharp diffraction pattern. A solid is a crystal if it has essentially a sharp diffraction pattern. The word essentially means that most of the intensity of the diffraction is concentrated in relatively sharp Bragg peaks, besides the always present diffuse scattering. In all cases, the positions of the diffraction peaks can be expressed by H=∑ni=1hia∗i (n≥3) Suggestion of Rickard Armiento CrystallineMaterial CrystallineMaterial Number of ions per volume. IonNumberDensity IonDensity IonNumberDensity https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98831218 10-62.2 Number of ions per volume. 1.0 0.0 Cubic metre per Coulomb. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit CubicMetrePerCoulomb http://www.iso.org/iso/catalogue_detail?csnumber=31897 CubicMetrePerCoulomb http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M3-PER-C m3.C-1 m³/C Cubic metre per Coulomb. T-1 L+3 M0 I-1 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'ReciprocalElectricChargeDensity'. ReciprocalElectricChargeDensityUnit ReciprocalElectricChargeDensityUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'ReciprocalElectricChargeDensity'. 0.001 0.0 0.001-fold of the SI derived unit joule -- QUDT MilliJoule MilliJoule http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliJ mJ mJ 0.001-fold of the SI derived unit joule -- QUDT Volume per amount of substance. MolarVolume MolarVolume https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MolarVolume https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q487112 9-5 Volume per amount of substance. Radius of a sphere such that the relativistic electron energy is distributed uniformly. ElectronRadius ElectronRadius https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2152581 10-19.2 Radius of a sphere such that the relativistic electron energy is distributed uniformly. Product of damping coefficient and period duration. LogarithmicDecrement LogarithmicDecrement https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1399446 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=103-05-25 3-25 Product of damping coefficient and period duration. Hz SI unit for frequence. The hertz (symbol Hz) is the SI unit of frequency defined as the number of cycles per second of a periodic phenomenon. One of its most common uses is the description of the sine wave, particularly those used in radio and audio applications, such as the frequency of musical tones. The word "hertz" is named for Heinrich Rudolf Hertz, who was the first to conclusively prove the existence of electromagnetic waves. -- QUDT Hertz Hertz HTZ http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/HZ Hz http://dbpedia.org/resource/Hertz SI unit for frequence. The hertz (symbol Hz) is the SI unit of frequency defined as the number of cycles per second of a periodic phenomenon. One of its most common uses is the description of the sine wave, particularly those used in radio and audio applications, such as the frequency of musical tones. The word "hertz" is named for Heinrich Rudolf Hertz, who was the first to conclusively prove the existence of electromagnetic waves. -- QUDT https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.H02785 A coded classified by its structure. CodedByStructure CodedByStructure A coded classified by its structure. 1.0 0.0 SI base unit kelvin divided by the SI base unit kelvin -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit KelvinPerKelvin Kelvin Per Kelvin KelvinPerKelvin http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/K-PER-K K.K-1 K/K SI base unit kelvin divided by the SI base unit kelvin -- QUDT Quotient of the traversed circular path length of a point in space during a rotation and its distance from the axis or centre of rotation. RotationalDisplacement AngularDisplacement RotationalDisplacement https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3305038 3-6 Quotient of the traversed circular path length of a point in space during a rotation and its distance from the axis or centre of rotation. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angular_displacement In the usual geometrical three-dimensional space, position vectors are quantities of the dimension length. -- IEC Vector quantity from the origin of a coordinate system to a point in space. PositionVector Position PositionVector http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/PositionVector https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192388 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=102-03-15 https://dbpedia.org/page/Position_(geometry) 3-1.10 Vector quantity from the origin of a coordinate system to a point in space. In the usual geometrical three-dimensional space, position vectors are quantities of the dimension length. -- IEC Position vectors are so-called bounded vectors, i.e. their magnitude and direction depend on the particular coordinate system used. -- ISO 80000-3 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Position_(geometry) 1.0 0.0 B A logarithmic unit of sound pressure equal to 10 decibels (dB), It is defined as: 1 B = (1/2) log₁₀(Np) -- QUDT One bel is defined as `1⁄2 ln(10) neper`. Today decibel (one tenth of a bel) is commonly used instead of bel. bel is used to express the ratio of one value of a power or field quantity to another, on a logarithmic scale, the logarithmic quantity being called the power level or field level, respectively. Bel Bel M72 http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/B B http://dbpedia.org/resource/Bel One bel is defined as `1⁄2 ln(10) neper`. A logarithmic unit of sound pressure equal to 10 decibels (dB), It is defined as: 1 B = (1/2) log₁₀(Np) -- QUDT https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decibel 1e+24 0.0 A YottaCoulomb is 10²⁴ C. -- QUDT YottaCoulomb YottaCoulomb YottaCoulomb http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/YottaC YC YC A YottaCoulomb is 10²⁴ C. -- QUDT 200.592 80 Atom subclass for mercury. MercuryAtom MercuryAtom Atom subclass for mercury. Axial vector quantity describing the rotation around an axis, with magnitude ω=|dφ/dt|, where dφ is the plane angle change during the infinitesimal time interval with duration dt, and with direction along the axis for which the rotation is clockwise. AngularVelocity AngularVelocity https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/AngularVelocity https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-01-41 https://dbpedia.org/page/Angular_velocity 3-12 Axial vector quantity describing the rotation around an axis, with magnitude ω=|dφ/dt|, where dφ is the plane angle change during the infinitesimal time interval with duration dt, and with direction along the axis for which the rotation is clockwise. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angular_velocity For substance B, an integer number or a simple fraction, being negative for a reactant and positive for a product, occurring in the expression for a chemical reaction. StoichiometricNumberOfSubstance The factors 1/2 and 3/2 in the chemical reaction formula below are stoicheiometric mumbers of substance. (1/2)N2 + (3/2)H2 = NH3 StoichiometricNumberOfSubstance https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/StoichiometricNumber https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q95443720 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-01-22 9-29 For substance B, an integer number or a simple fraction, being negative for a reactant and positive for a product, occurring in the expression for a chemical reaction. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.S06025 A causal structure that is tessellated in direct parts. A tessellation (or tiling) is the covering of a surface, often a plane, using one or more geometric shapes, called tiles, with no overlaps and no gaps. Tessellation Tiling Tessellation A tessellation (or tiling) is the covering of a surface, often a plane, using one or more geometric shapes, called tiles, with no overlaps and no gaps. A causal structure that is tessellated in direct parts. Physical constant used to define a unit system. Hence, when expressed in that unit system they have an exact value with no associated uncertainty. ExactConstant ExactConstant Physical constant used to define a unit system. Hence, when expressed in that unit system they have an exact value with no associated uncertainty. Equivalent to the Boltzmann constant, but expressed in units of energy per temperature increment per mole (rather than energy per temperature increment per particle). MolarGasConstant MolarGasConstant http://qudt.org/vocab/constant/MolarGasConstant 9-37.1 Equivalent to the Boltzmann constant, but expressed in units of energy per temperature increment per mole (rather than energy per temperature increment per particle). https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.G02579 Quotient of the Boltzmann constant and the mass m. SpecificGasConstant SpecificGasConstant https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q94372268 5-26 Quotient of the Boltzmann constant and the mass m. 0.1 0.0 0.1-fold of the SI base unit kilogram -- QUDT HectoGram HectoGram http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/HectoGM hg hg 0.1-fold of the SI base unit kilogram -- QUDT A manufacturing in which it is formed a solid body with its shape from shapeless original material parts, whose cohesion is created during the process. WorkpieceForming ArchetypeForming PrimitiveForming WorkpieceForming 1.0 0.0 Joule square metre. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit JouleSquareMetre JouleSquareMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/J-M2 J.m2 J⋅m² Joule square metre. T-2 L+4 M+1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'EnergyArea'. EnergyAreaUnit EnergyAreaUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'EnergyArea'. "Property of a phenomenon, body, or substance, where the property has no magnitude." "A nominal property has a value, which can be expressed in words, by alphanumerical codes, or by other means." International vocabulary of metrology (VIM) An 'ObjectiveProperty' that cannot be quantified. NominalProperty CFC is a 'sign' that stands for the fact that the morphology of atoms composing the microstructure of an entity is predominantly Cubic Face Centered A color is a nominal property. Sex of a human being. NominalProperty An 'ObjectiveProperty' that cannot be quantified. nominal property Radius of the circular movement of an electrically charged particle in a magnetic field. Gyroradius LarmorRadius Gyroradius https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1194458 10-17 Radius of the circular movement of an electrically charged particle in a magnetic field. 1.0 0.0 Square Meter Per Kilogram (m2/kg) is a unit in the category of Specific Area. It is also known as square meters per kilogram, square metre per kilogram, square metres per kilogram, square meter/kilogram, square metre/kilogram. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Square Meter Per Kilogram (m2/kg) has a dimension of M-1L2 where M is mass, and L is length. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit SquareMetrePerKilogram Square Metre per Kilogram SquareMetrePerKilogram http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M2-PER-KiloGM m2.kg-1 m²/kg Square Meter Per Kilogram (m2/kg) is a unit in the category of Specific Area. It is also known as square meters per kilogram, square metre per kilogram, square metres per kilogram, square meter/kilogram, square metre/kilogram. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Square Meter Per Kilogram (m2/kg) has a dimension of M-1L2 where M is mass, and L is length. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT Sum of all cross sections corresponding to the various reactions or processes between an incident particle of specified type and energy and a target entity. TotalCrossSection TotalCrossSection https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/TotalCrossSection https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98206553 10-38.2 Sum of all cross sections corresponding to the various reactions or processes between an incident particle of specified type and energy and a target entity. Measure of probability that a specific process will take place in a collision of two particles. AtomicPhysicsCrossSection AtomicPhysicsCrossSection https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Cross-Section.html https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17128025 10-38.1 Measure of probability that a specific process will take place in a collision of two particles. cd The candela, symbol cd, is the SI unit of luminous intensity in a given direction. It is defined by taking the fixed numerical value of the luminous efficacy of monochromatic radiation of frequency 540×1012 Hz, Kcd, to be 683 when expressed in the unit lm W−1, which is equal to cd sr W−1, or cd sr kg−1 m−2 s3, where the kilogram, metre and second are defined in terms of h, c and ∆νCs. Candela Candela CDL http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/CD cd http://dbpedia.org/resource/Candela The candela, symbol cd, is the SI unit of luminous intensity in a given direction. It is defined by taking the fixed numerical value of the luminous efficacy of monochromatic radiation of frequency 540×1012 Hz, Kcd, to be 683 when expressed in the unit lm W−1, which is equal to cd sr W−1, or cd sr kg−1 m−2 s3, where the kilogram, metre and second are defined in terms of h, c and ∆νCs. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Candela?oldid=484253082 https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.C00787 In a nuclear reaction, sum of the kinetic energies and photon energies of the reaction products minus the sum of the kinetic and photon energies of the reactants. ReactionEnergy ReactionEnergy https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ReactionEnergy https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98164745 10-37.1 In a nuclear reaction, sum of the kinetic energies and photon energies of the reaction products minus the sum of the kinetic and photon energies of the reactants. CondensedFormula An expression that provides information about the element types that constiture a molecule or a molecular substance and their number, together with simple information about the connectivity of its groups by using parenthesis or by goruping element names according to its molecular structure. CondensedFormula 1000.0 0.0 SI base unit mol divided by the 0.001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit MolePerCubicDeciMetre Mole Per Cubic Decimetre MolePerCubicDeciMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MOL-PER-DeciM3 mol.dm-3 mol/dm³ SI base unit mol divided by the 0.001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT A flow of electric charge. ElectricCurrent ElectricCurrent http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ElectricCurrent 6-1 A flow of electric charge. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.E01927 Probability that a neutron will not escape from the reactor during the slowing-down process or while it diffuses as a thermal neutron. NonLeakageProbability NonLeakageProbability https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Non-LeakageProbability https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q99415566 10-77 Probability that a neutron will not escape from the reactor during the slowing-down process or while it diffuses as a thermal neutron. 1e-12 0.0 "PicoF" is a common unit of electric capacitance equal to 10⁻¹² farad. This unit was formerly called the micromicrofarad. -- QUDT PicoFarad PicoFarad http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PicoFARAD pF pF "PicoF" is a common unit of electric capacitance equal to 10⁻¹² farad. This unit was formerly called the micromicrofarad. -- QUDT http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Farad?oldid=493070876 1e-06 0.0 The CGS unit of volume, equal to 10-6 cubic meter, 1 milliliter, or about 0.061 023 7 cubic inch -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit CubicCentiMetre cubic centimetre CubicCentiMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/CentiM3 cm3 cm³ The CGS unit of volume, equal to 10-6 cubic meter, 1 milliliter, or about 0.061 023 7 cubic inch -- QUDT 121.76 51 Atom subclass for antimony. AntimonyAtom AntimonyAtom Atom subclass for antimony. Rest mass of a nuclide X in the ground state. NuclidicMass NuclidicMass https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q97010809 10-4.2 Rest mass of a nuclide X in the ground state. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.N04258 For particle X, mass of that particle at rest in an inertial frame. RestMass InvariantMass ProperMass RestMass https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/RestMass https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96941619 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=395-01-03 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=881-04-16 https://dbpedia.org/page/Mass_in_special_relativity 10-2 For particle X, mass of that particle at rest in an inertial frame. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invariant_mass a 1e-18 SI prefix who's value is 1e-18. Atto Atto SI prefix who's value is 1e-18. Efficiency of an ideal heat engine operating according to the Carnot process. MaximumEfficiency CarnotEfficiency MaximumEfficiency https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q93949862 5-25.2 Efficiency of an ideal heat engine operating according to the Carnot process. T-2 L0 M+2 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'SquareMassPerSquareTime'. SquareMassPerSquareTimeUnit SquareMassPerSquareTimeUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'SquareMassPerSquareTime'. energy difference between an electron at rest at infinity and an electron at the lowest level of the conduction band in an insulator or semiconductor ElectronAffinity ElectronAffinity https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ElectronAffinity https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105846486 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-06-22 12-25 energy difference between an electron at rest at infinity and an electron at the lowest level of the conduction band in an insulator or semiconductor A data representing 16-bit integer number. ShortData https://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#short ShortData EquivalentTo: hasDataValue some xsd:short A data representing 16-bit integer number. A data representing 16-bit non-negative integer number, 0...65535. UnsignedShortData https://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#unsignedShort UnsignedShortData EquivalentTo: hasDataValue some xsd:unsignedShort A data representing 16-bit non-negative integer number, 0...65535. Parameter for diffusion and fluid flow in porous media. Tortuosity Tortuosity https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2301683 Parameter for diffusion and fluid flow in porous media. A derived unit that belongs to the SI system. SIDerivedUnit SIDerivedUnit A derived unit that belongs to the SI system. 1e-09 0.0 0.000000001-fold of the SI derived unit Siemens divided by the SI base unit metre -- QUDT NanoSiemensPerMetre Nanosiemens Per Metre NanoSiemensPerMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/NanoS-PER-M nS.m-1 nS/m 0.000000001-fold of the SI derived unit Siemens divided by the SI base unit metre -- QUDT 22.98976928 11 Atom subclass for sodium. SodiumAtom SodiumAtom Atom subclass for sodium. 1e+18 0.0 An ExaCoulomb is 10¹⁸ C. -- QUDT ExaCoulomb ExaCoulomb ExaCoulomb http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/ExaC EC EC An ExaCoulomb is 10¹⁸ C. -- QUDT A law that provides a connection between a property of the object and other properties, capturing a fundamental physical phenomena. PhysicalLaw PhysicalLaw A law that provides a connection between a property of the object and other properties, capturing a fundamental physical phenomena. An icon that focus on HOW the object works. An icon that represents the internal logical structure of the object. AnalogicalIcon A physics equation is replicating the mechanisms internal to the object. Electrical diagram is diagrammatic and resemblance MODA and CHADA are diagrammatic representation of a simulation or a characterisation workflow. AnalogicalIcon An icon that represents the internal logical structure of the object. An icon that focus on HOW the object works. The subclass of icon inspired by Peirceian category (b) the diagram, whose internal relations, mainly dyadic or so taken, represent by analogy (with the same logic) the relations in something (e.g. math formula, geometric flowchart). Treatment carried out after hardening or case hardening consisting of cooling to a temperature below room temperature to complete the transformation of austenite to martensite DeepFreezing Cryogenic treatment, Deep-freeze Tieftemperaturbehandeln DeepFreezing Treatment carried out after hardening or case hardening consisting of cooling to a temperature below room temperature to complete the transformation of austenite to martensite 1000000000000.0 0.0 1,000,000,000,000-fold of the SI derived unit ohm -- QUDT TeraOhm TeraOhm http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/TeraOHM TOhm TΩ 1,000,000,000,000-fold of the SI derived unit ohm -- QUDT 1.0 0.0 Per Meter Unit is a denominator unit with dimensions /m. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit PerMetre Reciprocal metre PerMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-M /m m-1 /m Per Meter Unit is a denominator unit with dimensions /m. -- QUDT A class devoted to categorize causal objects by specifying their granularity levels. A granularity level is specified by a tiling decomposition of the whole y. A tiling is identified as a set of items {x1, x2, ... xn} called tiles that: - are proper parts of y - covers the entire whole (y = x1 +x2 + ... + xn) - do not overlap - are part of one, and one only, whole (inverse functional) Reductionistic Reductionistic A class devoted to categorize causal objects by specifying their granularity levels. A granularity level is specified by a tiling decomposition of the whole y. A tiling is identified as a set of items {x1, x2, ... xn} called tiles that: - are proper parts of y - covers the entire whole (y = x1 +x2 + ... + xn) - do not overlap - are part of one, and one only, whole (inverse functional) Direct parthood is the antitransitive parthood relation used to build the class hierarchy (and the granularity hierarchy) for this perspective. Dissociation may occur stepwise. Ratio of the number of dissociation events to the maximum number of theoretically possible dissociation events. DegreeOfDissociation DissociationFraction DegreeOfDissociation https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/DegreeOfDissociation https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q907334 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-01-09 9-43 Ratio of the number of dissociation events to the maximum number of theoretically possible dissociation events. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.D01566 The superclass for all classes of entities that have a proper parts of the same type of the whole that is part of all the other proper parts of the same type. Nuclear Nuclear The superclass for all classes of entities that have a proper parts of the same type of the whole that is part of all the other proper parts of the same type. 178.49 72 Atom subclass for hafnium. HafniumAtom HafniumAtom Atom subclass for hafnium. 1e-09 0.0 0.000000001-fold of the SI derived unit watt -- QUDT NanoWatt NanoWatt http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/NanoW nW nW 0.000000001-fold of the SI derived unit watt -- QUDT 1.0 0.0 product of the SI derived unit watt and SI base unit second -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit WattSecond Watt Second WattSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/W-SEC W.s W⋅s product of the SI derived unit watt and SI base unit second -- QUDT Partition function of a molecule. MolecularPartitionFunction MolecularPartitionFunction https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96192064 9-35.4 Partition function of a molecule. Tl The symbol that stands for the thallium atom. ThalliumSymbol ThalliumSymbol The symbol that stands for the thallium atom. T0 L0 M-1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'ReciprocalMass'. ReciprocalMassUnit ReciprocalMassUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'ReciprocalMass'. 1.0 0.0 A one-newton force applied for one angle/torsional torque -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit NewtonPerRadian Newton per radian NewtonPerRadian http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/N-PER-RAD N/rad A one-newton force applied for one angle/torsional torque -- QUDT T-1 L+2 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'AreicSpeed'. AreicSpeedUnit AreicSpeedUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'AreicSpeed'. Te The symbol that stands for the tellurium atom. TelluriumSymbol TelluriumSymbol The symbol that stands for the tellurium atom. 0.001 0.0 volume ratio consisting of the 0.001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit CubicDeciMetrePerCubicMetre Cubic Decimetre Per Cubic Metre CubicDeciMetrePerCubicMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/DeciM3-PER-M3 dm3.m-3 dm3/m3 dm³/m³ volume ratio consisting of the 0.001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT 1.0 0.0 Specific heat capacity - The heat required to raise unit mass of a substance by unit temperature interval under specified conditions, such as constant pressure: usually measured in joules per kelvin per kilogram. Symbol c_p (for constant pressure) Also called specific heat. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit JoulePerKilogramKelvin Joule per Kilogram Kelvin JoulePerKilogramKelvin http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/J-PER-KiloGM-K J.kg-1.K-1 J/(kg⋅K) Specific heat capacity - The heat required to raise unit mass of a substance by unit temperature interval under specified conditions, such as constant pressure: usually measured in joules per kelvin per kilogram. Symbol c_p (for constant pressure) Also called specific heat. -- QUDT 1000.0 0.0 A common metric unit of length or distance. One kilometer equals exactly 1000 meters, about 0.621 371 19 mile, 1093.6133 yards, or 3280.8399 feet. Oddly, higher multiples of the meter are rarely used; even the distances to the farthest galaxies are usually measured in kilometers. -- QUDT KiloMetre KiloMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloM km km A common metric unit of length or distance. One kilometer equals exactly 1000 meters, about 0.621 371 19 mile, 1093.6133 yards, or 3280.8399 feet. Oddly, higher multiples of the meter are rarely used; even the distances to the farthest galaxies are usually measured in kilometers. -- QUDT http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilometre?oldid=494821851 In non-relativistic physics, the centre of mass doesn’t depend on the chosen reference frame. The unique point where the weighted relative position of the distributed mass of an Item sums to zero. Equivalently, it is the point where if a force is applied to the Item, causes the Item to move in direction of force without rotation. CentreOfMass CentreOfMass The unique point where the weighted relative position of the distributed mass of an Item sums to zero. Equivalently, it is the point where if a force is applied to the Item, causes the Item to move in direction of force without rotation. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Center_of_mass 0.001 0.0 0.001-fold of the SI base unit mol -- QUDT MilliMole MilliMole http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliMOL mmol mmol 0.001-fold of the SI base unit mol -- QUDT (according to DIN 8200) Shot peening to generate residual compressive stresses in layers of the blasting material close to the surface in order to improve certain component properties, e.g. fatigue strength, corrosion resistance, wear resistance (from: DIN 8200:1982) Peening ShotPeening Verfestigungsstrahlen Peening (according to DIN 8200) Shot peening to generate residual compressive stresses in layers of the blasting material close to the surface in order to improve certain component properties, e.g. fatigue strength, corrosion resistance, wear resistance (from: DIN 8200:1982) HardeningByForming Verfestigen durch Umformen HardeningByForming A coarse dispersion of solid in a solid continuum phase. SolidSolidSuspension Granite, sand, dried concrete. SolidSolidSuspension A coarse dispersion of solid in a solid continuum phase. Electroplating Electroplating The DBpedia definition (http://dbpedia.org/page/Elementary_charge) is outdated as May 20, 2019. It is now an exact quantity. The magnitude of the electric charge carried by a single electron. It defines the base unit Ampere in the SI system. ElementaryCharge ElementaryCharge http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ElementaryCharge 10-5.1 The magnitude of the electric charge carried by a single electron. It defines the base unit Ampere in the SI system. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.E02032 The physical property of matter that causes it to experience a force when placed in an electromagnetic field. ElectricCharge Charge ElectricCharge http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ElectricCharge https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1111 6-2 The physical property of matter that causes it to experience a force when placed in an electromagnetic field. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.E01923 T0 L-2 M0 I0 Θ0 N+1 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'AmountPerArea'. AmountPerAreaUnit AmountPerAreaUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'AmountPerArea'. C The symbol that stands for the carbon atom. CarbonSymbol CarbonSymbol The symbol that stands for the carbon atom. 0.001 0.0 0,001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit GramPerSquareMetre Gram Per Square Metre GramPerSquareMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/GM-PER-M2 g.m-2 g/m2 g/m² 0,001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 -- QUDT Resistance quantum. The von Klitzing constant is defined as Planck constant divided by the square of the elementary charge. VonKlitzingConstant VonKlitzingConstant http://qudt.org/vocab/constant/VonKlitzingConstant The von Klitzing constant is defined as Planck constant divided by the square of the elementary charge. Resistance quantum. 1000000.0 0.0 1,000,000-fold of the SI derived unit joule divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 -- QUDT MegaJoulePerSquareMetre Megajoule Per Square Metre MegaJoulePerSquareMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MegaJ-PER-M2 MJ.m-2 MJ/m² 1,000,000-fold of the SI derived unit joule divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 -- QUDT A semiotic process that assigns a sign by deduction from causal continguity. Deduction IndexSemiosis The interpreter feels that the plate is hot and assigns the status of the kitchen stove to be on. Deduction A semiotic process that assigns a sign by deduction from causal continguity. 1.0 0.0 The divergence at a particular point in a vector field is (roughly) how much the vector field 'spreads out' from that point. Operationally, we take the partial derivative of each of the field with respect to each of its space variables and add all the derivatives together to get the divergence. Electric field (V/m) differentiated with respect to distance (m) yields V/(m²). -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit VoltPerSquareMetre http://www.funtrivia.com/en/subtopics/Physical-Quantities-310909.html Volt per Square Metre VoltPerSquareMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/V-PER-M2 V.m-2 V/m² The divergence at a particular point in a vector field is (roughly) how much the vector field 'spreads out' from that point. Operationally, we take the partial derivative of each of the field with respect to each of its space variables and add all the derivatives together to get the divergence. Electric field (V/m) differentiated with respect to distance (m) yields V/(m²). -- QUDT T-3 L0 M+1 I-1 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricPotentialPerArea'. ElectricPotentialPerAreaUnit ElectricPotentialPerAreaUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricPotentialPerArea'. Permittivity divided by electric constant. RelativePermittivity RelativePermittivity https://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PERMITTIVITY_REL https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4027242 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=121-12-13 6-15 Permittivity divided by electric constant. 10.0 0.0 10-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT DecaMetre DecaMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/DecaM dam dam 10-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT Diffusion coefficient through the pore space of a porous media. EffectiveDiffusionCoefficient EffectiveDiffusionCoefficient https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q258852 Diffusion coefficient through the pore space of a porous media. Proportionality constant in some physical laws. DiffusionCoefficient DiffusionCoefficient Proportionality constant in some physical laws. 0.01 0.0 0,01-fold of the product of the SI derived unit newton and SI base unit metre -- QUDT CentiNewtonMetre Centinewton Metre CentiNewtonMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/CentiN-M cN.m cN⋅m 0,01-fold of the product of the SI derived unit newton and SI base unit metre -- QUDT 2 A material that contains two or more constituent materials. CompositeMaterial Composite CompositeMaterial A material that contains two or more constituent materials. 1.0 0.0 SI unit of quantity of matter per SI unit area per SI unit of time. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit MolePerSquareMetrePerSecond Moles per square metre per second MolePerSquareMetrePerSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MOL-PER-M2-SEC mol.m-2.s-1 mol/(m²⋅s) SI unit of quantity of matter per SI unit area per SI unit of time. -- QUDT 1.0 0.0 Per Pascal. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit PerPascal ReciprocalPascal PerPascal http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-PA Pa-1 /Pa Per Pascal. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pascal?oldid=492989202 The datatype for bidimensional arrays. MatrixData MatrixData SubClassOf: hasSpatialTile some VectorData The datatype for bidimensional arrays. 1.0 0.0 Radian square metre per mole. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit RadianSquareMetrePerMole RadianSquareMetrePerMole http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/RAD-M2-PER-MOL rad.m2.mol-1 rad⋅m²/mol Radian square metre per mole. 289.19 114 Atom subclass for flerovium. FleroviumAtom FleroviumAtom Atom subclass for flerovium. Vector quantity giving the rate of change of angular velocity. AngularAcceleration AngularAcceleration https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/AngularAcceleration https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-01-46 https://dbpedia.org/page/Angular_acceleration 3-13 Vector quantity giving the rate of change of angular velocity. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angular_acceleration 1.0 0.0 is the SI unit of magnetic field strength. One ampere per meter is equal to π/250 oersteds (12.566 371 millioersteds) in CGS units. The ampere per meter is also the SI unit of "magnetization" in the sense of magnetic dipole moment per unit volume; in this context 1 A/m = 0.001 emu per cubic centimeter. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit AmperePerMetre Ampere per Metre AmperePerMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/A-PER-M A.m-1 A/m A/m is the SI unit of magnetic field strength. One ampere per meter is equal to π/250 oersteds (12.566 371 millioersteds) in CGS units. The ampere per meter is also the SI unit of "magnetization" in the sense of magnetic dipole moment per unit volume; in this context 1 A/m = 0.001 emu per cubic centimeter. -- QUDT 0.001 0.0 0.001-fold of the SI base unit mol divided by the SI base unit kilogram -- QUDT MilliMolePerKilogram Millimole Per Kilogram MilliMolePerKilogram http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliMOL-PER-KiloGM mmol.kg-1 mmol/kg mmol/kg 0.001-fold of the SI base unit mol divided by the SI base unit kilogram -- QUDT A chausal chain whose quantum parts are of the same standard model fundamental type. An elementary particle is a causal chain of quantum entities of the same type. For example, an elementary electron is a sequence of fundamental electrons only. ElementaryParticle SingleParticleChain ElementaryParticle An elementary particle is a causal chain of quantum entities of the same type. For example, an elementary electron is a sequence of fundamental electrons only. DisjointUnionOf: ElementaryFermion, ElementaryBoson A chausal chain whose quantum parts are of the same standard model fundamental type. 1e-06 0.0 One part per 10**6 (million) of the SI unit of quantity of matter (the mole) per SI unit area. -- QUDT MicroMolePerSquareMetre Micromoles per square metre MicroMolePerSquareMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroMOL-PER-M2 umol.m-2 umol/m2 µmol/m² One part per 10**6 (million) of the SI unit of quantity of matter (the mole) per SI unit area. -- QUDT Strength of a magnetic field. Commonly denoted H. MagneticFieldStrength MagnetizingFieldStrength MagneticFieldStrength http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MagneticFieldStrength https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28123 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=121-11-56 6-25 Strength of a magnetic field. Commonly denoted H. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.M03683 maximal distance of two points of an object, in a given direction or along a straight line passing through the centre. The diameter of a circle or a sphere is twice its radius. Diameter Diameter https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Diameter https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-01-27 https://dbpedia.org/page/Diameter 3-1.5 maximal distance of two points of an object, in a given direction or along a straight line passing through the centre. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diameter 1000.0 0.0 The kilowatt is a derived unit of power in the International System of Units (SI), The unit, defined as 1,000 joule per second, measures the rate of energy conversion or transfer. -- QUDT KiloWatt KiloWatt http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloW kW kW The kilowatt is a derived unit of power in the International System of Units (SI), The unit, defined as 1,000 joule per second, measures the rate of energy conversion or transfer. -- QUDT http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watt?oldid=494906356 Irradiate Irradiate 208.98243 84 Atom subclass for polonium. PoloniumAtom PoloniumAtom Atom subclass for polonium. Physical quantity of dimension energy × time. Action Action https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Action https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846785 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-03-51 4-32 Physical quantity of dimension energy × time. 1000.0 0.0 1 000-fold of the SI derived unit siemens divided by the SI base unit metre -- QUDT KiloSiemensPerMetre Kilosiemens Per Metre KiloSiemensPerMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloS-PER-M kS.m-1 kS/m 1 000-fold of the SI derived unit siemens divided by the SI base unit metre -- QUDT 0.1 0.0 A DeciCoulomb is 10⁻¹ C. -- QUDT DeciCoulomb DeciCoulomb DeciCoulomb http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/DeciC dC dC A DeciCoulomb is 10⁻¹ C. -- QUDT 79.904 35 Atom subclass for bromine. BromineAtom BromineAtom Atom subclass for bromine. kat A unit of catalytic activity used especially in the chemistry of enzymes. A catalyst is a substance that starts or speeds a chemical reaction. Enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts within the bodies of living plants and animals. A catalyst has an activity of one katal if it enables a reaction to proceed at the rate of one mole per second. -- QUDT SI unit for catalytic activity. Katal Katal KAT http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KAT kat http://dbpedia.org/resource/Katal SI unit for catalytic activity. A unit of catalytic activity used especially in the chemistry of enzymes. A catalyst is a substance that starts or speeds a chemical reaction. Enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts within the bodies of living plants and animals. A catalyst has an activity of one katal if it enables a reaction to proceed at the rate of one mole per second. -- QUDT http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katal?oldid=486431865 https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.K03372 Minimum length of a straight line segment between a point and a reference line or reference surface. Height Height https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Height https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208826 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-01-21 https://dbpedia.org/page/Height 3-1.3 Minimum length of a straight line segment between a point and a reference line or reference surface. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Height A process occurring by natural (non-intentional) laws. NaturalProcess NonIntentionalProcess NaturalProcess A process occurring by natural (non-intentional) laws. 1e-06 0.0 0,000 001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the SI base unit second -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit CubicCentiMetrePerSecond Cubic Centimetre Per Second CubicCentiMetrePerSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/CentiM3-PER-SEC cm3.s-1 cm3/s cm³/s 0,000 001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the SI base unit second -- QUDT Semiosis classified as complete or partial representation of the semiotic triangle (interpretant, sign, referent). SemiosisByStructure SemiosisByStructure Semiosis classified as complete or partial representation of the semiotic triangle (interpretant, sign, referent). 100.0 0.0 Square centimetre per cubic centimetre. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit SquareCentiMetrePerCubicCentiMetre SquareCentiMetrePerCubicCentiMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/CentiM2-PER-CentiM3 cm2.cm-3 cm²/cm³ Square centimetre per cubic centimetre. Quotient of the mass of water in a three-dimensional domain, irrespective of the form of aggregation, by the volume of the domain. The mass concentration of water at saturation is denoted wsat. MassConcentrationOfWater MassConcentrationOfWater https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MassConcentrationOfWater https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76378758 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-04-59 5-27 Quotient of the mass of water in a three-dimensional domain, irrespective of the form of aggregation, by the volume of the domain. 1.0 0.0 KilogramPerSquareMetrePerSecond Kilograms per square metre per second KilogramPerSquareMetrePerSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloGM-PER-M2-SEC kg.m-2.s-1 kg/(m²⋅s) 55.845 26 Atom subclass for iron. IronAtom IronAtom Atom subclass for iron. A semiosis where the interpreter perceives a referent, that generates the interpretant as interpreter's internal representation. Than the interpretant is communicated by the interpreter by the production of a sign, i.e. the entity that stands for the referent according to the interpreter. Communicating I (interpreter) see an entity (referent) whose perception stimulates in me an internal representation (interpretant). Then I say: "Ketchup." (sign) with the intention of communicate externally something about that entity. Communicating A semiosis where the interpreter perceives a referent, that generates the interpretant as interpreter's internal representation. Than the interpretant is communicated by the interpreter by the production of a sign, i.e. the entity that stands for the referent according to the interpreter. 1.0 0.0 Square Meter Per Mole (m2/mol) is a unit in the category of Specific Area. It is also known as square meters per mole, square metre per per, square metres per per, square meter/per, square metre/per. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Square Meter Per Mole (m2/mol) has a dimension of M-1L2 where M is mass, and L is length. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit SquareMetrePerMole Square Metre per Mole SquareMetrePerMole http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M2-PER-MOL m2.mol-1 m²/mol Square Meter Per Mole (m2/mol) is a unit in the category of Specific Area. It is also known as square meters per mole, square metre per per, square metres per per, square meter/per, square metre/per. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Square Meter Per Mole (m2/mol) has a dimension of M-1L2 where M is mass, and L is length. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT Inverse of the time constant of an exponentially varying quantity. DampingCoefficient DampingCoefficient https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=103-05-24 3-24 Inverse of the time constant of an exponentially varying quantity. Conductivity per molar concentration of electrolyte. MolarConductivity MolarConductivity https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MolarConductivity https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1943278 9-45 Conductivity per molar concentration of electrolyte. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.M03976 1.0 0.0 Reciprocal Henry. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit PerHenry ReciprocalHenry PerHenry http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-H H-1 /H Reciprocal Henry. lx SI unit for illuminance. The SI unit for measuring the illumination (illuminance) of a surface. One lux is defined as an illumination of one lumen per square meter or 0.0001 phot. In considering the various light units, it's useful to think about light originating at a point and shining upon a surface. The intensity of the light source is measured in candelas; the total light flux in transit is measured in lumens (1 lumen = 1 candelau·steradian); and the amount of light received per unit of surface area is measured in lux (1 lux = 1 lumen/square meter). One lux is equal to approximately 0.09290 foot candle. -- QUDT Lux Lux LUX http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/LUX lx http://dbpedia.org/resource/Lux SI unit for illuminance. The SI unit for measuring the illumination (illuminance) of a surface. One lux is defined as an illumination of one lumen per square meter or 0.0001 phot. In considering the various light units, it's useful to think about light originating at a point and shining upon a surface. The intensity of the light source is measured in candelas; the total light flux in transit is measured in lumens (1 lumen = 1 candelau·steradian); and the amount of light received per unit of surface area is measured in lux (1 lux = 1 lumen/square meter). One lux is equal to approximately 0.09290 foot candle. -- QUDT http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lux?oldid=494700274 https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.L03651 In condensed matter physics, the square root of the product of diffusion coefficient and lifetime. DiffusionLength DiffusionLength https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/SolidStateDiffusionLength https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106097176 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=521-02-60 12-33 In condensed matter physics, the square root of the product of diffusion coefficient and lifetime. 63.546 29 Atom subclass for copper. CopperAtom CopperAtom Atom subclass for copper. Absolute value of the electric charge of ions produced in dry air by X- or gamma radiation per mass of air. Exposure Exposure https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Exposure https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336938 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=395-01-32 10-88 Absolute value of the electric charge of ions produced in dry air by X- or gamma radiation per mass of air. 1.0 0.0 Newton metre seconds measured per metre -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit NewtonMetreSecondPerMetre Newton metre seconds per metre NewtonMetreSecondPerMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/N-M-SEC-PER-M N⋅m⋅s/m Newton metre seconds measured per metre -- QUDT time constant for scattering, trapping or annihilation of charge carriers, phonons or other quasiparticles RelaxationTime RelaxationTime https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106041085 12-32.1 time constant for scattering, trapping or annihilation of charge carriers, phonons or other quasiparticles parameter characterizing the response to a step input of a first‑order, linear time‑invariant system TimeConstant TimeConstant https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1335249 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=103-05-26 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=351-45-32 3-15 parameter characterizing the response to a step input of a first‑order, linear time‑invariant system 1e-06 0.0 MicroRadian microradian MicroRadian http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroRAD urad µrad A mathematical model can be defined as a description of a system using mathematical concepts and language to facilitate proper explanation of a system or to study the effects of different components and to make predictions on patterns of behaviour. Abramowitz and Stegun, 1968 An analogical icon expressed in mathematical language. MathematicalModel MathematicalModel An analogical icon expressed in mathematical language. PlasmaCutting PlasmaCutting The term "Uniform Resource Name" (URN) has been used historically to refer to both URIs under the "urn" scheme [RFC2141], which are required to remain globally unique and persistent even when the resource ceases to exist or becomes unavailable, and to any other URI with the properties of a name. URN URN The term "Uniform Resource Name" (URN) has been used historically to refer to both URIs under the "urn" scheme [RFC2141], which are required to remain globally unique and persistent even when the resource ceases to exist or becomes unavailable, and to any other URI with the properties of a name. Real part of the admittance. ConductanceForAlternatingCurrent ConductanceForAlternatingCurrent https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79464628 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=131-12-53 6-52.2 Real part of the admittance. 1.0 0.0 Pascal per Kelvin. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit PascalPerKelvin PascalPerKelvin http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PA-PER-K Pa.K-1 P/K Pascal per Kelvin. A physics-based model based on a physics equation describing the behaviour of mesoscopic entities, i.e. a set of bounded atoms like a molecule, bead or nanoparticle. MesoscopicModel MesoscopicModel A physics-based model based on a physics equation describing the behaviour of mesoscopic entities, i.e. a set of bounded atoms like a molecule, bead or nanoparticle. Mo The symbol that stands for the molybdenum atom. MolybdenumSymbol MolybdenumSymbol The symbol that stands for the molybdenum atom. 1.0 0.0 Newton Per Coulomb ( N/C) is a unit in the category of Electric field strength. It is also known as newtons/coulomb. Newton Per Coulomb ( N/C) has a dimension of MLT-3I-1 where M is mass, L is length, T is time, and I is electric current. It essentially the same as the corresponding standard SI unit V/m. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit NewtonPerCoulomb Newton per Coulomb NewtonPerCoulomb http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/N-PER-C N.C-1 N/C Newton Per Coulomb ( N/C) is a unit in the category of Electric field strength. It is also known as newtons/coulomb. Newton Per Coulomb ( N/C) has a dimension of MLT-3I-1 where M is mass, L is length, T is time, and I is electric current. It essentially the same as the corresponding standard SI unit V/m. -- QUDT 257.09511 100 Atom subclass for fermium. FermiumAtom FermiumAtom Atom subclass for fermium. 1.0 0.0 Per Joule cubic metre. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit PerJouleCubicMetre http://www.iso.org/iso/catalogue_detail?csnumber=31897 PerJouleCubicMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-J-M3 J-1.m-3 /(J⋅m³) Per Joule cubic metre. Coefficient in the law of recombination, RecombinationCoefficient RecombinationCoefficient https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/RecombinationCoefficient https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98842099 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-06-47 10-63 Coefficient in the law of recombination, 1.0 0.0 The SI unit of dynamic viscosity, equal to 10 poises or 1000 centipoises. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit PascalSecond Pascal Second PascalSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PA-SEC Pa.s Pa⋅s The SI unit of dynamic viscosity, equal to 10 poises or 1000 centipoises. -- QUDT 1.0 0.0 KilogramPerCubicMetrePerSecond Kilograms per cubic metre per second KilogramPerCubicMetrePerSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloGM-PER-M3-SEC kg.m-3.s-1 kg/(m³⋅s) 1000000000.0 0.0 reciprocal value of the 0.000000001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit PerCubicMilliMetre ReciprocalCubicMilliMetre PerCubicMilliMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-MilliM3 mm-3 /mm³ reciprocal value of the 0.000000001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT Measure for how the magnetization of material is affected by the application of an external magnetic field . Permeability ElectromagneticPermeability Permeability http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ElectromagneticPermeability 6-26.2 Measure for how the magnetization of material is affected by the application of an external magnetic field . https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.P04503 For an atom or nucleus, this energy is quantized and can be written as: W = g μ M B where g is the appropriate g factor, μ is mostly the Bohr magneton or nuclear magneton, M is magnetic quantum number, and B is magnitude of the magnetic flux density. -- ISO 80000 Vector quantity μ causing a change to its energy ΔW in an external magnetic field of field flux density B: ΔW = −μ · B MagneticDipoleMoment MagneticDipoleMoment http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MagneticDipoleMoment https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=121-11-55 10-9.1 6-30 Vector quantity μ causing a change to its energy ΔW in an external magnetic field of field flux density B: ΔW = −μ · B http://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/M03688 Kinetic energy released per mass. Kerma Kerma https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Kerma https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1739288 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=395-01-36 10-86.1 Kinetic energy released per mass. 1.0 0.0 Volt Per Meter (V/m) is a unit in the category of Electric field strength. It is also known as volts per meter, volt/meter, volt/metre, volt per metre, volts per metre. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Volt Per Meter (V/m) has a dimension of MLT⁻³I⁻¹ where M is mass, L is length, T is time, and I is electric current. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit VoltPerMetre http://www.efunda.com/glossary/units/units--electric_field_strength--volt_per_meter.cfm Volt per Metre VoltPerMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/V-PER-M V.m-1 V/m Volt Per Meter (V/m) is a unit in the category of Electric field strength. It is also known as volts per meter, volt/meter, volt/metre, volt per metre, volts per metre. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Volt Per Meter (V/m) has a dimension of MLT⁻³I⁻¹ where M is mass, L is length, T is time, and I is electric current. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT Assigned Assigned Quotient of electron and hole mobility. MobilityRatio MobilityRatio https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MobilityRatio https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106010255 12-31 Quotient of electron and hole mobility. 1e-12 0.0 PicoMolePerCubicMetrePerSecond Picomoles per cubic metre per second PicoMolePerCubicMetrePerSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PicoMOL-PER-M3-SEC pmol.m-3.s-1 pmol/(m³⋅s) A simulation in which more than one model are solved together with a coupled method. TightlyCoupledModelsSimulation Solving within the same linear system the discretised form of the pressure and momentum equation for a fluid, using the ideal gas law as material relation for connecting pressure to density. TightlyCoupledModelsSimulation A simulation in which more than one model are solved together with a coupled method. 0.001 0.0 0.001-fold of the SI derived unit weber -- QUDT MilliWeber MilliWeber http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliWB mWb mWb 0.001-fold of the SI derived unit weber -- QUDT The small, dense region at the centre of an atom consisting of protons and neutrons. Nucleus Nucleus The small, dense region at the centre of an atom consisting of protons and neutrons. 100.0 0.0 100-fold of the SI derived unit pascal divided by the SI base unit kelvin -- QUDT HectoPascalPerKelvin Hectopascal Per Kelvin HectoPascalPerKelvin http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/HectoPA-PER-K hPa.K-1 hPa/K 100-fold of the SI derived unit pascal divided by the SI base unit kelvin -- QUDT The superclass for all classes of entities that have a proper parts of the same type φ of the whole, and so that for every two distinct φ proper parts one is part of the other. Convergent Convergent The superclass for all classes of entities that have a proper parts of the same type φ of the whole, and so that for every two distinct φ proper parts one is part of the other. A network of objects that implements a production process through a series of interconnected elements. ProductionSystem ProductionSystem A network of objects that implements a production process through a series of interconnected elements. Br The symbol that stands for the bromine atom. BromineSymbol BromineSymbol The symbol that stands for the bromine atom. A molecule composed of only one element type. Homonuclear ElementalMolecule Hydrogen molecule (H₂). Homonuclear A molecule composed of only one element type. T+1 L-1 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'TimePerLength'. TimePerLengthUnit TimePerLengthUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'TimePerLength'. Force per unit oriented surface area . Measure of the internal forces that neighboring particles of a continuous material exert on each other. Stress Stress http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Stress 4-15 Measure of the internal forces that neighboring particles of a continuous material exert on each other. Mass per amount of substance. MolarMass MolarMass https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MolarMass https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q145623 9-4 Mass per amount of substance. 1000.0 0.0 0,001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the 0.000 001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit GramPerCubicCentiMetre Gram Per Cubic Centimetre GramPerCubicCentiMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/GM-PER-CentiM3 g.cm-3 g/cm3 g/cm³ 0,001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the 0.000 001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT DrawForms DrawForms 1000.0 0.0 "Kilometer per Second" is a C.G.S System unit for 'Linear Velocity' expressed as km/s. -- QUDT KiloMetrePerSecond Kilometre per Second KiloMetrePerSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloM-PER-SEC km.s-1 km/s km/s "Kilometer per Second" is a C.G.S System unit for 'Linear Velocity' expressed as km/s. -- QUDT T-1 L+2 M0 I0 Θ0 N-1 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'Diffusivity'. DiffusivityUnit DiffusivityUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'Diffusivity'. A symbolic data representing a rational number, that is a number that can be expressed exact by `p/q` where `p` and `q` are integer numbers. RationalData RationalData EquivalentTo: hasDataValue some owl:rational A symbolic data representing a rational number, that is a number that can be expressed exact by `p/q` where `p` and `q` are integer numbers. Smallest energy difference between the lowest level of conduction band and the highest level of valence band at zero thermodynamic temperature. GapEnergy BandgapEnergy GapEnergy https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q103982939 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-06-16 12-27.2 Smallest energy difference between the lowest level of conduction band and the highest level of valence band at zero thermodynamic temperature. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.B00593 JavaScript JavaScript Type of scratching behaviour where the scratching force and the (displacement) deflection of the scratching tip are constant over the scratching distance during the test. Planing Hobeln Planing Sv Although the sievert has the same dimensions as the gray (i.e. joules per kilogram), it measures a different quantity. To avoid any risk of confusion between the absorbed dose and the equivalent dose, the corresponding special units, namely the gray instead of the joule per kilogram for absorbed dose and the sievert instead of the joule per kilogram for the dose equivalent, should be used. -- QUDT SI unit for equivalent doseof ionizing radiation. Sievert is derived from absorbed dose, but takes into account the biological effectiveness of the radiation, which is dependent on the radiation type and energy. Sievert Sievert D13 http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/SV Sv http://dbpedia.org/resource/Sievert SI unit for equivalent doseof ionizing radiation. Sievert is derived from absorbed dose, but takes into account the biological effectiveness of the radiation, which is dependent on the radiation type and energy. Although the sievert has the same dimensions as the gray (i.e. joules per kilogram), it measures a different quantity. To avoid any risk of confusion between the absorbed dose and the equivalent dose, the corresponding special units, namely the gray instead of the joule per kilogram for absorbed dose and the sievert instead of the joule per kilogram for the dose equivalent, should be used. -- QUDT http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sievert?oldid=495474333 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equivalent_dose https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.S05658 0.01 0.0 0,01-fold of the SI base unit metre divided by the SI base unit kelvin -- QUDT CentiMetrePerKelvin Centimetre Per Kelvin CentiMetrePerKelvin http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/CentiM-PER-K cm.K-1 cm/K cm/K 0,01-fold of the SI base unit metre divided by the SI base unit kelvin -- QUDT The energy of an object due to its motion. KineticEnergy KineticEnergy http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/KineticEnergy 4-28.2 The energy of an object due to its motion. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.K03402 Cementing Cementing Magnetic flux the integration area of which is such that magnetic field lines cross it in the same orientation more than once. LinkedFlux LinkedFlux https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MagneticFlux https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4374882 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=121-11-77 6-22.2 Magnetic flux the integration area of which is such that magnetic field lines cross it in the same orientation more than once. K The symbol that stands for the potassium atom. PotassiumSymbol PotassiumSymbol The symbol that stands for the potassium atom. The term "Uniform Resource Locator" (URL) refers to the subset of URIs that, in addition to identifying a resource, provide a means of locating the resource by describing its primary access mechanism (e.g., its network "location"). URL URL The term "Uniform Resource Locator" (URL) refers to the subset of URIs that, in addition to identifying a resource, provide a means of locating the resource by describing its primary access mechanism (e.g., its network "location"). T0 L-4 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with physical dimensionality per length to the power of four. PerQuarticLengthUnit PerQuarticLengthUnit The class of units with physical dimensionality per length to the power of four. 237.04817 93 Atom subclass for neptunium. NeptuniumAtom NeptuniumAtom Atom subclass for neptunium. Physical constant in Newton's law of gravitation and in Einstein's general theory of relativity. NewtonianConstantOfGravity NewtonianConstantOfGravity http://qudt.org/vocab/constant/NewtonianConstantOfGravitation Physical constant in Newton's law of gravitation and in Einstein's general theory of relativity. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.G02695 A grammar for annotating a document in a way that is syntactically distinguishable from the text. MarkupLanguage HTML MarkupLanguage A grammar for annotating a document in a way that is syntactically distinguishable from the text. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markup_language 1000000.0 0.0 1,000,000-fold of the product of the SI derived unit volt and the SI base unit ampere -- QUDT MegaVoltAmpere Megavolt Ampere MegaVoltAmpere http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MegaV-A MV.A MV⋅A 1,000,000-fold of the product of the SI derived unit volt and the SI base unit ampere -- QUDT A soft, solid or solid-like colloid consisting of two or more components, one of which is a liquid, present in substantial quantity. Gel Gel A soft, solid or solid-like colloid consisting of two or more components, one of which is a liquid, present in substantial quantity. T-2 L+2 M+1 I0 Θ-1 N-1 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'EntropyPerAmount'. EntropyPerAmountUnit EntropyPerAmountUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'EntropyPerAmount'. 1.0 0.0 Pascal metre. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit PascalMetre PascalMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PA-M Pa.m Pa⋅m Pascal metre. `Mole Degree Celsius` is a C.G.S System unit for 'Temperature Amount Of Substance' expressed as mol-degC. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit MoleDegreeCelsius Mole Degree Celsius MoleDegreeCelsius http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MOL-DEG_C mol.Cel mol⋅°C `Mole Degree Celsius` is a C.G.S System unit for 'Temperature Amount Of Substance' expressed as mol-degC. -- QUDT 1000.0 0.0 SI derived unit joule divided by the 0.001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit JoulePerGram Joule Per Gram JoulePerGram http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/J-PER-GM J.g-1 J/g SI derived unit joule divided by the 0.001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram -- QUDT Decays per unit time. Radioactivity RadioactiveActivity Radioactivity http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/SpecificActivity Decays per unit time. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.A00114 Quotient of radiation amplitude scattered by the atom and radiation amplitude scattered by a single electron. AtomicScatteringFactor AtomicScatteringFactor https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/AtomScatteringFactor https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837866 12-5.3 Quotient of radiation amplitude scattered by the atom and radiation amplitude scattered by a single electron. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_form_factor An holistic spatial part of a whole. NonTemporalRole HolisticSpatialPart NonTemporalRole An holistic spatial part of a whole. 1.0 0.0 Ohm square metre per metre. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit OhmSquareMetrePerMetre OhmSquareMetrePerMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/OHM-M2-PER-M Ohm2.m.m-1 Ω⋅m²/m Ohm square metre per metre. 0.0001 0.0 A unit of area equal to that of a square, of sides 1cm -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit SquareCentiMetre Square Centimetre SquareCentiMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/CentiM2 cm2 cm² A unit of area equal to that of a square, of sides 1cm -- QUDT 0.001 0.0 0.001-fold of the SI derived unit siemens -- QUDT MilliSiemens MilliSiemens http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliS mS mS 0.001-fold of the SI derived unit siemens -- QUDT 3600.0 0.0 h Measure of time defined as 3600 seconds. The hour (common symbol: h or hr) is a unit of measurement of time. In modern usage, an hour comprises 60 minutes, or 3,600 seconds. It is approximately 1/24 of a mean solar day. An hour in the Universal Coordinated Time (UTC) time standard can include a negative or positive leap second, and may therefore have a duration of 3,599 or 3,601 seconds for adjustment purposes. Although it is not a standard defined by the International System of Units, the hour is a unit accepted for use with SI, represented by the symbol h. -- QUDT Hour Hour HUR http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/HR h Measure of time defined as 3600 seconds. The hour (common symbol: h or hr) is a unit of measurement of time. In modern usage, an hour comprises 60 minutes, or 3,600 seconds. It is approximately 1/24 of a mean solar day. An hour in the Universal Coordinated Time (UTC) time standard can include a negative or positive leap second, and may therefore have a duration of 3,599 or 3,601 seconds for adjustment purposes. Although it is not a standard defined by the International System of Units, the hour is a unit accepted for use with SI, represented by the symbol h. -- QUDT https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.H02866 A process which is an holistic temporal part of an object. Behaviour Accelerating is a behaviour of a car. Behaviour A process which is an holistic temporal part of an object. 0.001 0.0 0,001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the SI base unit mol -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit CubicDeciMetrePerMole Cubic Decimetre Per Mole CubicDeciMetrePerMole http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/DeciM3-PER-MOL dm3.mol-1 dm3/mol dm³/mol 0,001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the SI base unit mol -- QUDT 1000.0 0.0 1 000-fold of the SI derived unit coulomb divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 -- QUDT KiloCoulombPerSquareMetre Kilocoulomb Per Square Metre KiloCoulombPerSquareMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloC-PER-M2 kC.m-2 kC/m² 1 000-fold of the SI derived unit coulomb divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 -- QUDT "Quartic Coulomb Meter per Cubic Energy" is a unit for 'Quartic Electric Dipole Moment Per Cubic Energy' expressed as C⁴ m⁴ J⁻³. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit QuarticCoulombMetrePerCubicEnergy Quartic Coulomb Metre per Cubic Energy QuarticCoulombMetrePerCubicEnergy http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/C4-M4-PER-J3 C4.m4.J-3 C4.m4/J3 C⁴m⁴/J³ "Quartic Coulomb Meter per Cubic Energy" is a unit for 'Quartic Electric Dipole Moment Per Cubic Energy' expressed as C⁴ m⁴ J⁻³. -- QUDT T+10 L-2 M-3 I+4 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'QuarticElectricDipoleMomentPerCubicEnergy'. QuarticElectricDipoleMomentPerCubicEnergyUnit QuarticElectricDipoleMomentPerCubicEnergyUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'QuarticElectricDipoleMomentPerCubicEnergy'. Width of the forbidden energy band in a superconductor. SuperconductorEnergyGap SuperconductorEnergyGap https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/SuperconductorEnergyGap https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106127898 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=815-10-28 12-37 Width of the forbidden energy band in a superconductor. 1000000000.0 0.0 Per metre and nanometre and steradian. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit PerMetreNanoMetreSteradian ReciprocalMetreNanoMetreSteradian PerMetreNanoMetreSteradian http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-M-NanoM-SR m-1.nm-1.sr-1 /(m⋅nm⋅sr) Per metre and nanometre and steradian. Differential quotient of fluence Φ with respect to time. ParticleFluenceRate ParticleFluenceRate https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ParticleFluenceRate https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98497410 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=395-01-16 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=881-04-19 10-44 Differential quotient of fluence Φ with respect to time. 1.0 0.0 Square volt per square Kelvin. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit SquareVoltPerSquareKelvin http://www.iso.org/iso/catalogue_detail?csnumber=31897 SquareVoltPerSquareKelvin http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/V2-PER-K2 V2.K-2 V²/K² Square volt per square Kelvin. FiberReinforcePlasticManufacturing FiberReinforcePlasticManufacturing Quotient of the activity A of a sample and the total area S of the surface of that sample. SurfaceActivityDensity SurfaceActivityDensity https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/SurfaceActivityDensity https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98103005 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=395-01-10 10-30 Quotient of the activity A of a sample and the total area S of the surface of that sample. The datatype for monodimensional arrays. VectorData VectorData SubClassOf: hasSpatialTile some ScalarData The datatype for monodimensional arrays. "Ordinal quantities, such as Rockwell C hardness, are usually not considered to be part of a system of quantities because they are related to other quantities through empirical relations only." International vocabulary of metrology (VIM) "Quantity, defined by a conventional measurement procedure, for which a total ordering relation can be established, according to magnitude, with other quantities of the same kind, but for which no algebraic operations among those quantities exist" International vocabulary of metrology (VIM) OrdinalQuantity Hardness Resilience OrdinalQuantity "Quantity, defined by a conventional measurement procedure, for which a total ordering relation can be established, according to magnitude, with other quantities of the same kind, but for which no algebraic operations among those quantities exist" International vocabulary of metrology (VIM) ordinal quantity 1.0 0.0 `Joule Per Cubic Meter` (J/m³) is a unit in the category of Energy density. It is also known as joules per cubic meter, joule per cubic metre, joules per cubic metre, joule/cubic meter, joule/cubic metre. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. It has a dimension of ML⁻¹T⁻² where M is mass, L is length, and T is time. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit JoulePerCubicMetre Joule per Cubic Metre JoulePerCubicMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/J-PER-M3 J.m-3 J/m3 J/m³ `Joule Per Cubic Meter` (J/m³) is a unit in the category of Energy density. It is also known as joules per cubic meter, joule per cubic metre, joules per cubic metre, joule/cubic meter, joule/cubic metre. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. It has a dimension of ML⁻¹T⁻² where M is mass, L is length, and T is time. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT 1.0 0.0 `Kelvin per Tesla` is a unit for 'Temperature Per Magnetic Flux Density' expressed as K T⁻¹. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit KelvinPerTesla Kelvin per Tesla KelvinPerTesla http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/K-PER-T K.T-1 K/T `Kelvin per Tesla` is a unit for 'Temperature Per Magnetic Flux Density' expressed as K T⁻¹. -- QUDT T+2 L0 M-1 I+1 Θ+1 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'TemperaturePerMagneticFluxDensity'. TemperaturePerMagneticFluxDensityUnit TemperaturePerMagneticFluxDensityUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'TemperaturePerMagneticFluxDensity'. 1.0 0.0 KilogramPerSquareMetreSquareSecond Kilogram per Square Metre Square Second KilogramPerSquareMetreSquareSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloGM-PER-M2-SEC2 kg/(m²⋅s²) 0.001 0.0 Per Kilometer Unit is a denominator unit with dimensions /km. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit PerKiloMetre ReciprocalKiloMetre PerKiloMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-KiloM /km km-1 /km Per Kilometer Unit is a denominator unit with dimensions /km. -- QUDT T-2 L0 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'AngularFrequency'. AngularFrequencyUnit AngularFrequencyUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'AngularFrequency'. 207.2 82 Atom subclass for lead. LeadAtom LeadAtom Atom subclass for lead. Mass per length. LinearMassDensity LinearDensity LineicMass LinearMassDensity https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/LinearDensity https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56298294 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-03-11 4-6 Mass per length. 286.182 113 Atom subclass for nihonium. NihoniumAtom NihoniumAtom Atom subclass for nihonium. 1.0 0.0 Watt per metre and Kelvin unit. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit WattPerMetreKelvin WattPerMetreKelvin http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/W-PER-M-K W.m-1.K-1 W/(m⋅K) Watt per metre and Kelvin unit. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_conductivity T-3 L+1 M+1 I0 Θ-1 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'ThermalConductivity'. ThermalConductivityUnit ThermalConductivityUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'ThermalConductivity'. T0 L+2 M0 I0 Θ-1 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'AreaPerTemperature'. AreaPerTemperatureUnit AreaPerTemperatureUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'AreaPerTemperature'. 1.0 0.0 product of the SI derived unit volt and the SI base unit ampere -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit VoltAmpere Volt Ampere VoltAmpere http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/V-A V.A V⋅A product of the SI derived unit volt and the SI base unit ampere -- QUDT Describes elements' or compounds' readiness to form bonds. AffinityOfAChemicalReaction ChemicalAffinity AffinityOfAChemicalReaction https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ChemicalAffinity https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q382783 9-30 Describes elements' or compounds' readiness to form bonds. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.A00178 A one-manyfold with two unconnected end points. Curve Curve A one-manyfold with two unconnected end points. A topological space with the property that each point has a neighborhood that is homeomorphic to an open subset of 1-dimensional Euclidean space. One-dimensional manifolds include lines and circles, but not self-crossing curves. Two-dimensional manifolds are also called surfaces. Examples include the plane, the sphere, and the torus, and also the Klein bottle and real projective plane. OneManifold 1-manifold OneManifold A topological space with the property that each point has a neighborhood that is homeomorphic to an open subset of 1-dimensional Euclidean space. One-dimensional manifolds include lines and circles, but not self-crossing curves. Two-dimensional manifolds are also called surfaces. Examples include the plane, the sphere, and the torus, and also the Klein bottle and real projective plane. 0.01 0.0 A CentiCoulomb is 10⁻² C. -- QUDT CentiCoulomb CentiCoulomb CentiCoulomb http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/CentiC cC cC A CentiCoulomb is 10⁻² C. -- QUDT "The unit one is the neutral element of any system of units – necessary and present automatically." -- SI Brochure Represents the number 1, used as an explicit unit to say something has no units. UnitOne Unitless Refractive index or volume fraction. Typically used for ratios of two units whos dimensions cancels out. UnitOne http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/UNITLESS Represents the number 1, used as an explicit unit to say something has no units. "The unit one is the neutral element of any system of units – necessary and present automatically." -- SI Brochure Xe The symbol that stands for the xenon atom. XenonSymbol XenonSymbol The symbol that stands for the xenon atom. An electric dipole, vector quantity of magnitude equal to the product of the positive charge and the distance between the charges and directed from the negative charge to the positive charge. ElectricDipoleMoment ElectricDipoleMoment http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ElectricDipoleMoment https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735135 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=121-11-35 6-6 An electric dipole, vector quantity of magnitude equal to the product of the positive charge and the distance between the charges and directed from the negative charge to the positive charge. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.E01929 1.0 0.0 Coulomb Per Square Meter (C/m²) is a unit in the category of Electric charge surface density. It is also known as coulombs per square meter, coulomb per square metre, coulombs per square metre, coulomb/square meter, coulomb/square metre. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Coulomb Per Square Meter (C/m2) has a dimension of L⁻²TI where L is length, T is time, and I is electric current. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit CoulombPerSquareMetre Coulomb per Square Metre CoulombPerSquareMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/C-PER-M2 C.m-2 C/m2 C/m² Coulomb Per Square Meter (C/m²) is a unit in the category of Electric charge surface density. It is also known as coulombs per square meter, coulomb per square metre, coulombs per square metre, coulomb/square meter, coulomb/square metre. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Coulomb Per Square Meter (C/m2) has a dimension of L⁻²TI where L is length, T is time, and I is electric current. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT 1.0 0.0 The `meter per Square second` is the unit of acceleration in the International System of Units (SI). As a derived unit it is composed from the SI base units of length, the metre, and the standard unit of time, the second. Its symbol is written in several forms as m/s², or m s⁻². As acceleration, the unit is interpreted physically as change in velocity or speed per time interval, that is, `metre per second per second`. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit MetrePerSquareSecond Metre per Square Second MetrePerSquareSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M-PER-SEC2 m.s-2 m/s2 m/s² The `meter per Square second` is the unit of acceleration in the International System of Units (SI). As a derived unit it is composed from the SI base units of length, the metre, and the standard unit of time, the second. Its symbol is written in several forms as m/s², or m s⁻². As acceleration, the unit is interpreted physically as change in velocity or speed per time interval, that is, `metre per second per second`. -- QUDT A well-formed finite combination of mathematical symbols according to some specific rules. Expression Expression A well-formed finite combination of mathematical symbols according to some specific rules. ∇ Gradient Gradient Fl The symbol that stands for the flerovium atom. FleroviumSymbol FleroviumSymbol The symbol that stands for the flerovium atom. 1.0 0.0 Joule Per Square Meter (J/m²) is a unit in the category of Energy density. It is also known as joules per square meter, joule per square metre, joule/square meter, joule/square metre. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit JoulePerSquareMetre Joule per Square Metre JoulePerSquareMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/J-PER-M2 J.m-2 J/m2 J/m² Joule Per Square Meter (J/m²) is a unit in the category of Energy density. It is also known as joules per square meter, joule per square metre, joule/square meter, joule/square metre. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. -- QUDT Pu The symbol that stands for the plutonium atom. PlutoniumSymbol PlutoniumSymbol The symbol that stands for the plutonium atom. A physical phenomenon is intended as a physical process that starts or ends with an unbonded state, or that includes incoming or aoutgoing particles. The class of individuals standing for causally non-convex interacting systems. PhysicalPhenomenon A molecule, including a photon emitted (or captured) as result of a de-excitation (or excitation) process. The formation of an hydrogen atom from a proton and electron. PhysicalPhenomenon A physical phenomenon is intended as a physical process that starts or ends with an unbonded state, or that includes incoming or aoutgoing particles. The class of individuals standing for causally non-convex interacting systems. It is natural to define entities made or more than one smaller parts as object according to some unity criteria. One of the most general one applicable to causal interacting systems is to ask that all the quantum parts of the system are part of elementaries whose paths start and end within the entitiy. We call this causal convexity. In other words, causal convexity excludes all quantums that leave the system (no more interacting), or that are not yet part of it (not yet interacting). So, a photon leaving a body is not part of a convex system, while a real photon that is the carrier of clasical electromagnetic interaction between two molecular parts of the body, is part of the convex body. A physical phenomenon is defined as a causally non-convex interacting system, complement of causally convex interacting system. The class of individuals standing for causally convex interacting systems. PhysicalObject PhysicalObject It is natural to define entities made or more than one smaller parts as object according to some unity criteria. One of the most general one applicable to causal interacting systems is to ask that all the quantum parts of the system are part of elementaries whose paths start and end within the entitiy. We call this causal convexity. In other words, causal convexity excludes all quantums that leave the system (no more interacting), or that are not yet part of it (not yet interacting). So, a photon leaving a body is not part of a convex system, while a real photon that is the carrier of clasical electromagnetic interaction between two molecular parts of the body, is part of the convex body. A physical phenomenon is defined as a causally non-convex interacting system, complement of causally convex interacting system. DisjointUnionOf: CompositePhysicalObject, BondedObject The class of individuals standing for causally convex interacting systems. Mass density ρ of a substance divided by the mass density ρ0 of a reference substance, under conditions that should be specified for both substances. RelativeMassDensity RelativeDensity RelativeMassDensity https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11027905 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-03-08 4-4 Mass density ρ of a substance divided by the mass density ρ0 of a reference substance, under conditions that should be specified for both substances. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.R05262 Average power over a period. ActivePower ActivePower https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ActivePower https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20820042 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=131-11-42 6-56 Average power over a period. A data representing 64-bit non-negative integer number, 0...18446744073709551615. UnsignedLongData https://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#unsignedLong UnsignedLongData EquivalentTo: hasDataValue some xsd:unsignedLong A data representing 64-bit non-negative integer number, 0...18446744073709551615. 0.001 0.0 "Millisecond" is an Imperial unit for 'Time' expressed as ms. -- QUDT MilliSecond millisecond MilliSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliSEC ms ms "Millisecond" is an Imperial unit for 'Time' expressed as ms. -- QUDT http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Millisecond?oldid=495102042 A 'Perceptual' which stands for a real world object whose spatiotemporal pattern makes it identifiable by an observer through an optical perception employing the visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum. Visual A cloud. A picture. A colour gradient on a wall. A stain. A mail. Visual A 'Perceptual' which stands for a real world object whose spatiotemporal pattern makes it identifiable by an observer through an optical perception employing the visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum. GravitySintering ISO 3252:2019 Powder metallurgy loose-powder sintering, gravity sintering: sintering of uncompacted powder Loose-powderSintering PressurelessSintering GravitySintering 1000000000000000.0 0.0 1,000,000,000,000,000-fold of the derived SI unit joule -- QUDT PetaJoule PetaJoule http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PetaJ PJ PJ 1,000,000,000,000,000-fold of the derived SI unit joule -- QUDT 1.0 0.0 Square metre seconds per radian. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit SquareMetreSecondPerRadian SquareMetreSecondPerRadian http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M2-SEC-PER-RAD m2.s.rad-1 m²⋅s/rad Square metre seconds per radian. T+1 L+2 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'AreaTime'. AreaTimeUnit AreaTimeUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'AreaTime'. A The ampere, symbol A, is the SI unit of electric current. It is defined by taking the fixed numerical value of the elementary charge e to be 1.602176634×10−19 when expressed in the unit C, which is equal to A s, where the second is defined in terms of ∆νCs. Ampere Ampere AMP http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/A A http://dbpedia.org/resource/Ampere The ampere, symbol A, is the SI unit of electric current. It is defined by taking the fixed numerical value of the elementary charge e to be 1.602176634×10−19 when expressed in the unit C, which is equal to A s, where the second is defined in terms of ∆νCs. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampere?oldid=494026699 https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.A00300 Duration required for the neutron fluence rate in a reactor to change by the factor e when the fluence rate is rising or falling exponentially. ReactorTimeConstant ReactorTimeConstant https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ReactorTimeConstant https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q99518950 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=395-07-04 10-79 Duration required for the neutron fluence rate in a reactor to change by the factor e when the fluence rate is rising or falling exponentially. Zn The symbol that stands for the zinc atom. ZincSymbol ZincSymbol The symbol that stands for the zinc atom. Bi The symbol that stands for the bismuth atom. BismuthSymbol BismuthSymbol The symbol that stands for the bismuth atom. An Internationalized Resource Identifier (IRI) is a compact sequence of characters that identifies an abstract or physical resource. It is similar to URI, but greatly extends the allowed character set from ASCII to the Universal Character Set (Unicode/ISO 10646).. IRIs are commonly used as identifiers for ontological entities, although the extended unicode character set is rarely used. IRI https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Ῥόδος IRI An Internationalized Resource Identifier (IRI) is a compact sequence of characters that identifies an abstract or physical resource. It is similar to URI, but greatly extends the allowed character set from ASCII to the Universal Character Set (Unicode/ISO 10646).. IRIs are commonly used as identifiers for ontological entities, although the extended unicode character set is rarely used. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internationalized_Resource_Identifier MatterByStructure MatterByStructure Ratio of the mass of water to the mass of dry matter in a given volume of matter. The mass concentration of water at saturation is denoted usat. MassRatioOfWaterToDryMatter MassRatioOfWaterToDryMatter https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76378860 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-04-61 5-29 Ratio of the mass of water to the mass of dry matter in a given volume of matter. 1e-06 0.0 One part per 10**6 (million) of the SI unit of quantity of matter (the mole) per SI unit area per SI unit of time. This term is based on the number of photons in a certain waveband incident per unit time (s) on a unit area (m2) divided by the Avogadro constant (6.022 x 1023 mol-1). It is used commonly to describe PAR in the 400-700 nm waveband. Definition Source: Thimijan, Richard W., and Royal D. Heins. 1982. Photometric, Radiometric, and Quantum Light Units of Measure: A Review of Procedures for Interconversion. HortScience 18:818-822. -- QUDT MicroMolePerSquareMetrePerSecond Micromoles per square metre per second MicroMolePerSquareMetrePerSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroMOL-PER-M2-SEC umol.m-2.s-1 umol/m2/s µmol/(m²⋅s) One part per 10**6 (million) of the SI unit of quantity of matter (the mole) per SI unit area per SI unit of time. This term is based on the number of photons in a certain waveband incident per unit time (s) on a unit area (m2) divided by the Avogadro constant (6.022 x 1023 mol-1). It is used commonly to describe PAR in the 400-700 nm waveband. Definition Source: Thimijan, Richard W., and Royal D. Heins. 1982. Photometric, Radiometric, and Quantum Light Units of Measure: A Review of Procedures for Interconversion. HortScience 18:818-822. -- QUDT Ag The symbol that stands for the silver atom. SilverSymbol SilverSymbol The symbol that stands for the silver atom. The final task of a workflow. There may be more than one end task, if they run in parallel leading to more than one output. EndTask EndTask https://w3id.org/emmo/raw/1.0.0-rc3/doc/figs/EndTile.png The final task of a workflow. There may be more than one end task, if they run in parallel leading to more than one output. 1000000.0 0.0 1 000 000-fold of the derived unit becquerel -- QUDT MegaBecquerel MegaBecquerel http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MegaBQ MBq MBq 1 000 000-fold of the derived unit becquerel -- QUDT A real matrix with shape 4x3. Shape4x3Matrix Shape4x3Matrix A real matrix with shape 4x3. 1e-12 0.0 0.000000000001-fold of the SI derived unit henry -- QUDT PicoHenry PicoHenry http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PicoH pH pH 0.000000000001-fold of the SI derived unit henry -- QUDT 1e-06 0.0 0.000001-fold of the SI base unit mol -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit MicroMole MicroMole http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroMOL umol μmol 0.000001-fold of the SI base unit mol -- QUDT 1000000000.0 0.0 1 000 000 000-fold of the SI derived unit watt -- QUDT GigaWatt GigaWatt http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/GigaW GW GW 1 000 000 000-fold of the SI derived unit watt -- QUDT Scalar quantity equal to the flux of the displacement current density JD through a given directed surface S. DisplacementCurrent DisplacementCurrent https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/DisplacementCurrent https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853178 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=121-11-43 6-19.1 Scalar quantity equal to the flux of the displacement current density JD through a given directed surface S. A well formed tessellation with tiles that all spatial. SpatialTiling SpatialTiling https://w3id.org/emmo/raw/1.0.0-rc3/doc/figs/Arrangement-1D.png https://w3id.org/emmo/raw/1.0.0-rc3/doc/figs/Arrangement-2D.png https://w3id.org/emmo/raw/1.0.0-rc3/doc/figs/Arrangement-2Dhex.png https://w3id.org/emmo/raw/1.0.0-rc3/doc/figs/Arrangement-3D.png A well formed tessellation with tiles that all spatial. A building or group of buildings where goods are manufactured or assembled. Factory IndustrialPlant Factory A building or group of buildings where goods are manufactured or assembled. 1.0 0.0 Kelvin second. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit KelvinSecond KelvinSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/K-SEC K.s K⋅s Kelvin second. T+1 L0 M0 I0 Θ+1 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'TemperatureTime'. TemperatureTimeUnit TemperatureTimeUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'TemperatureTime'. 1.0 0.0 `Watt per steradian per square metre` is the SI unit of radiance (W·sr⁻¹·m⁻²), while that of spectral radiance in frequency is the watt per steradian per square metre per hertz (W·sr⁻¹·m⁻²·Hz⁻¹) and that of spectral radiance in wavelength is the watt per steradian per square metre, per metre (W·sr⁻¹·m⁻³), commonly the watt per steradian per square metre per nanometre (W·sr⁻¹·m⁻²·nm⁻¹). It has a dimension of ML⁻⁴T⁻³ where M is mass, L is length, and T is time. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit WattPerSquareMetreSteradian http://www.efunda.com/glossary/units/units--radiance--watt_per_square_meter_per_steradian.cfm Watt per Square Metre Steradian WattPerSquareMetreSteradian http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/W-PER-M2-SR W.m-2.sr-1 W/(m²⋅sr) `Watt per steradian per square metre` is the SI unit of radiance (W·sr⁻¹·m⁻²), while that of spectral radiance in frequency is the watt per steradian per square metre per hertz (W·sr⁻¹·m⁻²·Hz⁻¹) and that of spectral radiance in wavelength is the watt per steradian per square metre, per metre (W·sr⁻¹·m⁻³), commonly the watt per steradian per square metre per nanometre (W·sr⁻¹·m⁻²·nm⁻¹). It has a dimension of ML⁻⁴T⁻³ where M is mass, L is length, and T is time. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiance A chain of linked physics based model simulations, where equations are solved sequentially. LinkedModelsSimulation LinkedModelsSimulation A chain of linked physics based model simulations, where equations are solved sequentially. A physics based simulation with multiple physics based models. MultiSimulation MultiSimulation A physics based simulation with multiple physics based models. 0.1 0.0 DeciNewton DeciNewton DeciNewton http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/DeciN dN Distance a magnetic field penetrates the plane surface of a semi-finite superconductor. LondonPenetrationDepth LondonPenetrationDepth https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/LondonPenetrationDepth https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3277853 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=815-10-33 12-38.1 Distance a magnetic field penetrates the plane surface of a semi-finite superconductor. Angular frequency of the electron angular momentum vector precession about the axis of an external magnetic field. LarmonAngularFrequency LarmonAngularFrequency 10-15.1 Angular frequency of the electron angular momentum vector precession about the axis of an external magnetic field. Shared agency occurs when two or more individuals do something together. SharedAgency SharedAgency Shared agency occurs when two or more individuals do something together. 10000.0 0.0 SI base unit kilogram divided by the 0.0001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre by exponent 2 -- QUDT KilogramPerSquareCentiMetre Kilogram Per Square Centimetre KilogramPerSquareCentiMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloGM-PER-CentiM2 kg.cm-2 kg/cm² SI base unit kilogram divided by the 0.0001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre by exponent 2 -- QUDT The speed of light in vacuum. Defines the base unit metre in the SI system. SpeedOfLightInVacuum SpeedOfLightInVacuum http://qudt.org/vocab/constant/SpeedOfLight_Vacuum 6-35.2 The speed of light in vacuum. Defines the base unit metre in the SI system. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.S05854 Distance in a superconductor over which the effect of a perturbation is appreciable at zero thermodynamic temperature CoherenceLength CoherenceLength https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1778793 12-38.2 Distance in a superconductor over which the effect of a perturbation is appreciable at zero thermodynamic temperature 1000000.0 0.0 SI derived unit newton divided by the 0.000001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit NewtonPerSquareMilliMetre Newton Per Square Millimetre NewtonPerSquareMilliMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/N-PER-MilliM2 N.mm-2 N/mm² SI derived unit newton divided by the 0.000001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 -- QUDT 12.011 6 Atom subclass for carbon. CarbonAtom CarbonAtom Atom subclass for carbon. Imaginary part of the admittance. Susceptance Susceptance https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Susceptance https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q509598 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=131-12-54 6-52.3 Imaginary part of the admittance. A semiosis where an interpretant, already present in the internal representational space of the interpreter, is resolved by the interpreter by identifying the referent, i.e. the entity for which the sign stands for according to the interpreter understanding. Verifying Verifying A semiosis where an interpretant, already present in the internal representational space of the interpreter, is resolved by the interpreter by identifying the referent, i.e. the entity for which the sign stands for according to the interpreter understanding. Specific heat capacity at saturated vaport pressure. SpecificHeatCapacityAtSaturatedVaporPressure SpecificHeatCapacityAtSaturatedVaporPressure https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/SpecificHeatCapacityAtSaturation https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75775005 5-16.4 Specific heat capacity at saturated vaport pressure. A variable that stand for a numerical constant, even if it is unknown. Constant Constant A variable that stand for a numerical constant, even if it is unknown. Mean total rectified path length travelled by a particle in the course of slowing down to rest in a given material averaged over a group of particles having the same initial energy. MeanLinearRange MeanLinearRange https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MeanLinearRange https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98681589 10-56 Mean total rectified path length travelled by a particle in the course of slowing down to rest in a given material averaged over a group of particles having the same initial energy. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.M03782 0.001 0.0 0,001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the unit for time second -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit CubicDeciMetrePerSecond Cubic Decimetre Per Second CubicDeciMetrePerSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/DeciM3-PER-SEC dm3.s-1 dm3/s dm³/s 0,001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the unit for time second -- QUDT PolymericMaterial PolymericMaterial 0.1 0.0 0.001-fold of the SI derived unit Siemens divided by the 0.01-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT MilliSiemensPerCentiMetre Millisiemens Per Centimetre MilliSiemensPerCentiMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliS-PER-CentiM mS.cm-1 mS/cm mS/cm 0.001-fold of the SI derived unit Siemens divided by the 0.01-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT Cf The symbol that stands for the californium atom. CaliforniumSymbol CaliforniumSymbol The symbol that stands for the californium atom. 132.90545196 55 Atom subclass for caesium. CaesiumAtom CaesiumAtom Atom subclass for caesium. A material that is obtained through a manufacturing process. ManufacturedMaterial EngineeredMaterial ProcessedMaterial ManufacturedMaterial A material that is obtained through a manufacturing process. Number of direct parts of a Reductionistic. Using direct parthood EMMO creates a well-defined broadcasting between granularity levels. This also make it possible to count the direct parts of each granularity level. NumberOfElements NumberOfElements Number of direct parts of a Reductionistic. A causal interaction is a fundamental causal system that can be represented as a complete bipartite directed graph K(m,n), when m,n>1 Interaction Interaction A causal interaction is a fundamental causal system that can be represented as a complete bipartite directed graph K(m,n), when m,n>1 SurfaceTension 4-26 SurfaceTension https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/SurfaceTension https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170749 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-03-42 https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.S06192 O The symbol that stands for the oxygen atom. OxygenSymbol OxygenSymbol The symbol that stands for the oxygen atom. 1.0 0.0 The SI derived unit of unit in the category of Radioactivity concentration. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit BecquerelPerCubicMetre http://www.efunda.com/glossary/units/units--radioactivity_concentration--becquerel_per_cubic_meter.cfm Becquerel per Cubic Metre BecquerelPerCubicMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/BQ-PER-M3 Bq.m-3 Bq/m3 Bq/m³ The SI derived unit of unit in the category of Radioactivity concentration. -- QUDT 1e-12 0.0 One part per 10**12 (trillion) by mass of the measurand in the matrix. -- QUDT PicoGramPerGram Picograms per gram PicoGramPerGram http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PicoGM-PER-GM pg.g-1 pg/g One part per 10**12 (trillion) by mass of the measurand in the matrix. -- QUDT Number of slowed-down particles per time and volume. SlowingDownDensity SlowingDownDensity https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Slowing-DownDensity https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98915830 10-67 Number of slowed-down particles per time and volume. 1000.0 0.0 Kilopascal is a unit of pressure. 1 kPa is approximately the pressure exerted by a 10-g mass resting on a 1-cm2 area. 101.3 kPa = 1 atm. There are 1,000 pascals in 1 kilopascal. -- QUDT KiloPascal KiloPascal http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloPA kPa kPa Kilopascal is a unit of pressure. 1 kPa is approximately the pressure exerted by a 10-g mass resting on a 1-cm2 area. 101.3 kPa = 1 atm. There are 1,000 pascals in 1 kilopascal. -- QUDT Cm The symbol that stands for the curium atom. CuriumSymbol CuriumSymbol The symbol that stands for the curium atom. Parameter in the expression for the thermionic emission current density J for a metal in terms of the thermodynamic temperature T and work function. RichardsonConstant RichardsonConstant https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/RichardsonConstant https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105883079 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-06-30 12-26 Parameter in the expression for the thermionic emission current density J for a metal in terms of the thermodynamic temperature T and work function. Ratio of area on a sphere to its radius squared. SolidAngle SolidAngle http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/SolidAngle 3-6 Ratio of area on a sphere to its radius squared. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.S05732 0.0001 0.0 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit Siemens divided by the 0.01-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit MicroSiemensPerCentiMetre Microsiemens Per Centimetre MicroSiemensPerCentiMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroS-PER-CentiM uS.cm-1 μS/cm 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit Siemens divided by the 0.01-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT JSONData JSONData Ratio of the partial pressure p of water vapour in moist air to its partial pressure psat at saturation, at the same temperature φ = p/psat. The relative humidity is often expressed in per cent. RelativeHumidity RelativeHumidity https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/RelativeHumidity https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2499617 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-04-65 5-33 Ratio of the partial pressure p of water vapour in moist air to its partial pressure psat at saturation, at the same temperature φ = p/psat. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humidity#Relative_humidity 1.0 0.0 A measure of the diamagnetic energy, for a Bohr-radius spread around a magnetic axis, per square Tesla. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit JoulePerSquareTesla http://www.eng.fsu.edu/~dommelen/quantum/style_a/elecmagfld.html Joule per Square Tesla JoulePerSquareTesla http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/J-PER-T2 J.T-2 J/T² A measure of the diamagnetic energy, for a Bohr-radius spread around a magnetic axis, per square Tesla. -- QUDT Voltage between substances a and b caused by the thermoelectric effect. ThermoelectricVoltage ThermoelectricVoltage https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105761637 12-20 Voltage between substances a and b caused by the thermoelectric effect. For a substance in a mixture, the absolute activity of the pure substance at the same temperature but at standard pressure. StandardAbsoluteActivityOfMixture StandardAbsoluteActivity StandardAbsoluteActivityOfMixture https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/StandardAbsoluteActivity https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q89406159 9-23 For a substance in a mixture, the absolute activity of the pure substance at the same temperature but at standard pressure. 1000000.0 0.0 Unit for power; 1 000 000 watt. MegaWatt MegaWatt http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MegaW MW MW Unit for power; 1 000 000 watt. 1000000.0 0.0 1 000 000-fold of the SI base unit ampere -- QUDT MegaAmpere MegaAmpere http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MegaA MA MA 1 000 000-fold of the SI base unit ampere -- QUDT 1.0 0.0 Energy needed to heat one mole of substance by 1 Kelvin, under standard conditions (not standard temperature and pressure STP). The standard molar entropy is usually given the symbol S, and has units of joules per mole kelvin ( J· mol⁻¹ K⁻¹). Unlike standard enthalpies of formation, the value of S is an absolute. That is, an element in its standard state has a nonzero value of S at room temperature. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit JoulePerMoleKelvin Joule per Mole Kelvin JoulePerMoleKelvin http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/J-PER-MOL-K J.mol-1.K-1 J/(mol⋅K) Energy needed to heat one mole of substance by 1 Kelvin, under standard conditions (not standard temperature and pressure STP). The standard molar entropy is usually given the symbol S, and has units of joules per mole kelvin ( J· mol⁻¹ K⁻¹). Unlike standard enthalpies of formation, the value of S is an absolute. That is, an element in its standard state has a nonzero value of S at room temperature. -- QUDT Process for removing unwanted residual or waste material from a given product or material Cleaning Cleaning Measurement of energy in a thermodynamic system. Enthalpy Enthalpy http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Enthalpy 5.20-3 Measurement of energy in a thermodynamic system. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.E02141 0.001 0.0 0.001-fold of the SI derived unit coulomb divided by the SI base unit kilogram -- QUDT MilliCoulombPerKilogram Millicoulomb Per Kilogram MilliCoulombPerKilogram http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliC-PER-KiloGM mC.kg-1 mC/kg 0.001-fold of the SI derived unit coulomb divided by the SI base unit kilogram -- QUDT 1.0 0.0 "Coulomb per Meter" is a unit for 'Electric Charge Line Density' expressed as C/m. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit CoulombPerMetre Coulomb per Metre CoulombPerMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/C-PER-M C.m-1 C/m C/m "Coulomb per Meter" is a unit for 'Electric Charge Line Density' expressed as C/m. -- QUDT A characteriser that declares a property for an object through the specific interaction required by the property definition. Observer Observer A characteriser that declares a property for an object through the specific interaction required by the property definition. 1.0 0.0 Kelvin square metres per kilogram and second. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit KelvinSquareMetrePerKilogramPerSecond KelvinSquareMetrePerKilogramPerSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/K-M2-PER-KiloGM-SEC K.m2.kg-1.s-1 K⋅m²/(kg⋅s) Kelvin square metres per kilogram and second. T-1 L+2 M-1 I0 Θ+1 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'TemperatureAreaPerMassTime'. TemperatureAreaPerMassTimeUnit TemperatureAreaPerMassTimeUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'TemperatureAreaPerMassTime'. 1e-09 0.0 0.000000001-fold of the SI derived unit tesla -- QUDT NanoTesla NanoTesla http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/NanoT nT nT 0.000000001-fold of the SI derived unit tesla -- QUDT Ce The symbol that stands for the cerium atom. CeriumSymbol CeriumSymbol The symbol that stands for the cerium atom. DebyeTemperature DebyeTemperature https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/DebyeTemperature https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3517821 12-11 Thermodynamic temperature is the absolute measure of temperature. It is defined by the third law of thermodynamics in which the theoretically lowest temperature is the null or zero point. ThermodynamicTemperature Temperature ThermodynamicTemperature http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ThermodynamicTemperature 5-1 Thermodynamic temperature is the absolute measure of temperature. It is defined by the third law of thermodynamics in which the theoretically lowest temperature is the null or zero point. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.T06321 Antimatter is matter that is composed only of the antiparticles of those that constitute ordinary matter. This branch is not expanded due to the limited use of such entities. AntiMatter AntiMatter Antimatter is matter that is composed only of the antiparticles of those that constitute ordinary matter. This branch is not expanded due to the limited use of such entities. Thickness of the attenuating layer that reduces the quantity of interest of a unidirectional beam of infinitesimal width to half of its initial value. HalfValueThickness HalfValueThickness https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Half-ValueThickness https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127526 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=881-04-34 10-53 Thickness of the attenuating layer that reduces the quantity of interest of a unidirectional beam of infinitesimal width to half of its initial value. Physical constants are categorised into "exact" and measured constants. With "exact" constants, we refer to physical constants that have an exact numerical value after the revision of the SI system that was enforsed May 2019. PhysicalConstant PhysicalConstant DisjointUnionOf: MeasuredConstant, ExactConstant Physical constants are categorised into "exact" and measured constants. With "exact" constants, we refer to physical constants that have an exact numerical value after the revision of the SI system that was enforsed May 2019. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_physical_constants A chausal path whose quantum parts belongs to at least two different standard model fundamental types. An multi-particle path is a causal path of quantum entities of different type, following the causal connection between an initial quantum up to the final one, regardless on the fact that causality is passing through elementary particles of different types. For example, a path starting from an elementary photon, then through the electron with which it scatter, and then trough a positron with which the electron collides. MultiParticlePath MultiParticlePath An multi-particle path is a causal path of quantum entities of different type, following the causal connection between an initial quantum up to the final one, regardless on the fact that causality is passing through elementary particles of different types. For example, a path starting from an elementary photon, then through the electron with which it scatter, and then trough a positron with which the electron collides. A chausal path whose quantum parts belongs to at least two different standard model fundamental types. 1.0 0.0 "Cubic Coulomb Meter per Square Joule" is a unit for 'Cubic Electric Dipole Moment Per Square Energy' expressed as C³ m³ J⁻². -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit CubicCoulombMetrePerSquareJoule Cubic Coulomb Metre per Square Joule CubicCoulombMetrePerSquareJoule http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/C3-M-PER-J2 C3.m.J-2 C3.m/J2 C³⋅m/J² "Cubic Coulomb Meter per Square Joule" is a unit for 'Cubic Electric Dipole Moment Per Square Energy' expressed as C³ m³ J⁻². -- QUDT T+7 L-3 M-2 I+3 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'CubicElectricChargeLengthPerSquareEnergy'. CubicElectricChargeLengthPerSquareEnergyUnit CubicElectricChargeLengthPerSquareEnergyUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'CubicElectricChargeLengthPerSquareEnergy'. 28.085 14 Atom subclass for silicon. SiliconAtom SiliconAtom Atom subclass for silicon. A mixed tiling in which a tile is the next of spatially connected tiles. Gathering Gathering https://raw.githubusercontent.com/emmo-repo/EMMO/1.0.0-rc3/doc/figs/MixedTiling.png A mixed tiling in which a tile is the next of spatially connected tiles. The International Chemical Identifier (InChI) textual identifier proposed by IUPAC to provide a standard encoding for databases of molecular information. InChI InChI The International Chemical Identifier (InChI) textual identifier proposed by IUPAC to provide a standard encoding for databases of molecular information. A task that is a temporal tile of a workflow when there are no other activities taking place concurrently (i.e., no parallelism). SerialTask SerialTask A task that is a temporal tile of a workflow when there are no other activities taking place concurrently (i.e., no parallelism). Data that can be decoded under a quantitative schema and also associated with a graphical number symbols. NumericalData NumericalData Data that can be decoded under a quantitative schema and also associated with a graphical number symbols. DataByNumerical DataByNumerical Draw forming by drawing a workpiece through a tool opening that is narrowed in the drawing direction. DrawForming DrawForming 10000.0 0.0 ha A non-SI metric unit of area defined as the square with 100-metre sides. The customary metric unit of land area, equal to 100 ares. One hectare is a square hectometer, that is, the area of a square 100 meters on each side: exactly 10 000 square meters or approximately 107 639.1 square feet, 11 959.9 square yards, or 2.471 054 acres. -- QUDT Hectare Hectare HAR http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/HA har http://dbpedia.org/page/Hectare A non-SI metric unit of area defined as the square with 100-metre sides. The customary metric unit of land area, equal to 100 ares. One hectare is a square hectometer, that is, the area of a square 100 meters on each side: exactly 10 000 square meters or approximately 107 639.1 square feet, 11 959.9 square yards, or 2.471 054 acres. -- QUDT https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hectare Number of nucleons in an atomic nucleus. MassNumber AtomicMassNumber NucleonNumber MassNumber http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MassNumber Number of nucleons in an atomic nucleus. in the free electron model, the Fermi energy divided by the Boltzmann constant FermiTemperature FermiTemperature https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/FermiTemperature https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105942324 12-28 in the free electron model, the Fermi energy divided by the Boltzmann constant 1.0 0.0 `Meter Kelvin` is a unit for 'Length Temperature' expressed as m K. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit MetreKelvin Metre Kelvin MetreKelvin http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M-K m.K m⋅K `Meter Kelvin` is a unit for 'Length Temperature' expressed as m K. -- QUDT 1000.0 0.0 SI base unit kilogram divided by the 0.001-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT KilogramPerMilliMetre Kilogram Per Millimetre KilogramPerMilliMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloGM-PER-MilliM kg.mm-1 kg/mm SI base unit kilogram divided by the 0.001-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT A manufacturing process in which metallic material is anodically dissolved under the influence of an electric current and an electrolyte solution. The current flow can be caused either by connection to an external current source or due to local element formation on the workpiece (etching). SparkErosion elektrochemisches Abtragen SparkErosion In geometrical optics, vergence describes the curvature of optical wavefronts. Vergence Vergence http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Curvature In geometrical optics, vergence describes the curvature of optical wavefronts. The dependent variable for which an equation has been written. Unknown Velocity, for the Navier-Stokes equation. Unknown The dependent variable for which an equation has been written. 10.0 0.0 A DecaCoulomb is 10 C. -- QUDT DecaCoulomb DecaCoulomb http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/DecaC daC daC A DecaCoulomb is 10 C. -- QUDT A data that represents instants of time, marked with a particular time zone offset. DateTimeStampData https://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#dateTimeStamp DateTimeStampData EquivalentTo: hasDataValue some xsd:dateTimeStamp A data that represents instants of time, marked with a particular time zone offset. A data that represents instants of time, optionally marked with a particular time zone offset. DateTimeData https://www.w3.org/TR/2012/REC-xmlschema11-2-20120405/datatypes.html#dateTime DateTimeData EquivalentTo: hasDataValue some xsd:dateTime A data that represents instants of time, optionally marked with a particular time zone offset. Charge number that an atom within a molecule would have if all the ligands were removed along with the electron pairs that were shared. OxidationNumber OxidationState OxidationNumber https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484152 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-01-25 https://dbpedia.org/page/Oxidation_state Charge number that an atom within a molecule would have if all the ligands were removed along with the electron pairs that were shared. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxidation_state https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.O04363 For a particle, electric charge q divided by elementary charge e. The charge number of a particle may be presented as a superscript to the symbol of that particle, e.g. H+, He++, Al3+, Cl−, S=, N3−. The charge number of an electrically charged particle can be positive or negative. The charge number of an electrically neutral particle is zero. ChargeNumber IonizationNumber ChargeNumber https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ChargeNumber https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1800063 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-05-17 https://dbpedia.org/page/Charge_number 10-5.2 For a particle, electric charge q divided by elementary charge e. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charge_number https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.C00993 1e-09 0.0 0.000000001-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT NanoMetre NanoMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/NanoM nm nM 0.000000001-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT 0.01 0.0 0.000001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the 0.0001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 -- QUDT MilliGramPerSquareCentiMetre Milligram Per Square Centimetre MilliGramPerSquareCentiMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliGM-PER-CentiM2 mg.cm-2 mg/cm² 0.000001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the 0.0001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 -- QUDT Widening is tensile forming to increase the circumference of a hollow body. A distinction is made between: Widening, bulging. Widening Weiten Widening A liquid aerosol composed of water droplets in air or another gas. Vapor Vapor A liquid aerosol composed of water droplets in air or another gas. 180.94788 73 Atom subclass for tantalum. TantalumAtom TantalumAtom Atom subclass for tantalum. The abstract notion of angle. AngularMeasure AngularMeasure https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Angle https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1357788 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=102-04-14 3-5 The abstract notion of angle. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.A00346 1e-15 0.0 0,000 000 000 000 001-fold of the derived SI unit joule -- QUDT FemtoJoule FemtoJoule http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/FemtoJ fJ fJ 0,000 000 000 000 001-fold of the derived SI unit joule -- QUDT A data representing an arbitrary precision decimal number. DecimalData https://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#decimal DecimalData EquivalentTo: hasDataValue some xsd:decimal A data representing an arbitrary precision decimal number. Mass of the contained water vapour per volume. AbsoluteHumidity MassConcentrationOfWaterVapour AbsoluteHumidity https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/AbsoluteHumidity https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MassConcentrationOfWaterVapour https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76378808 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-04-60 5-28 Mass of the contained water vapour per volume. A estimator that uses modelling to declare a property of an object (i.e. infer a property from other properties). Modeller Modeller A estimator that uses modelling to declare a property of an object (i.e. infer a property from other properties). Self-connected one-manyfold. Circle Circle Self-connected one-manyfold. Number of all quantum states consistent with given energy, volume, and external fields. MicrocanonicalPartitionFunction MicrocanonicalPartitionFunction https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MicroCanonicalPartitionFunction https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96106546 9-35.1 Number of all quantum states consistent with given energy, volume, and external fields. 1.0 0.0 The joule per mole (symbol: J· mol⁻¹) is an SI derived unit of energy per amount of material. Energy is measured in joules, and the amount of material is measured in moles. Physical quantities measured in J· mol⁻¹) usually describe quantities of energy transferred during phase transformations or chemical reactions. Division by the number of moles facilitates comparison between processes involving different quantities of material and between similar processes involving different types of materials. The meaning of such a quantity is always context-dependent and, particularly for chemical reactions, is dependent on the (possibly arbitrary) definition of a 'mole' for a particular process. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit JoulePerMole Joule per Mole JoulePerMole http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/J-PER-MOL J.mol-1 J/mol The joule per mole (symbol: J· mol⁻¹) is an SI derived unit of energy per amount of material. Energy is measured in joules, and the amount of material is measured in moles. Physical quantities measured in J· mol⁻¹) usually describe quantities of energy transferred during phase transformations or chemical reactions. Division by the number of moles facilitates comparison between processes involving different quantities of material and between similar processes involving different types of materials. The meaning of such a quantity is always context-dependent and, particularly for chemical reactions, is dependent on the (possibly arbitrary) definition of a 'mole' for a particular process. -- QUDT Vector quantity expressing the internal angular momentum of a particle or a particle system. Spin Spin https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Spin https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133673 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-05-09 10-10 Vector quantity expressing the internal angular momentum of a particle or a particle system. 1.0 0.0 0.001-fold of the SI base unit ampere divided by the 0.001-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT MilliAmperePerMilliMetre Milliampere Per Millimetre MilliAmperePerMilliMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliA-PER-MilliM mA.mm-1 mA/mm 0.001-fold of the SI base unit ampere divided by the 0.001-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT 0.001 0.0 SI derived unit farad divided by the 1 000-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit FaradPerKiloMetre Farad Per Kilometre FaradPerKiloMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/FARAD-PER-KiloM F.km-1 F/km F/km SI derived unit farad divided by the 1 000-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT Cu The symbol that stands for the copper atom. CopperSymbol CopperSymbol The symbol that stands for the copper atom. 0.01 0.0 "Centimeter per Second" is a C.G.S System unit for 'Linear Velocity' expressed as cm/s. -- QUDT CentiMetrePerSecond centimetre per second CentiMetrePerSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/CentiM-PER-SEC cm.s-1 cm/s cm/s "Centimeter per Second" is a C.G.S System unit for 'Linear Velocity' expressed as cm/s. -- QUDT 1e-06 0.0 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit tesla -- QUDT MicroTesla MicroTesla http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroT uT µT 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit tesla -- QUDT The integral over a time interval of the instantaneous power. ActiveEnergy ActiveEnergy https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ActiveEnergy https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79813678 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=131-11-57 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=601-01-19 6-62 The integral over a time interval of the instantaneous power. Energy to be added to or removed from a system under constant temperature and pressure to undergo a complete phase transition. LatentHeatOfPhaseTransition LatentHeatOfPhaseTransition https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106553458 9-16 Energy to be added to or removed from a system under constant temperature and pressure to undergo a complete phase transition. Heat released or absorbed energy during a constant-temperature process. LatentHeat LatentHeat https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207721 5-6.2 Heat released or absorbed energy during a constant-temperature process. 0.001 0.0 0.000001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the 0.001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram -- QUDT MilliGramPerGram Milligram Per Gram MilliGramPerGram http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliGM-PER-GM mg.g-1 mg/g mg/gm 0.000001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the 0.001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram -- QUDT A coded classified by whether it is determined subjectively or objectively. CodedBySubjectivity CodedBySubjectivity A coded classified by whether it is determined subjectively or objectively. Sc The symbol that stands for the scandium atom. ScandiumSymbol ScandiumSymbol The symbol that stands for the scandium atom. The corresponding Celsius temperature is denoted td and is also called dew point. Thermodynamic temperature at which vapour in air reaches saturation. DewPointTemperature DewPointTemperature https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178828 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-04-67 5-36 Thermodynamic temperature at which vapour in air reaches saturation. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.D01652 Quotient of tangential and normal component of the force applied to a body which is rolling at constant speed over a surface. RollingResistanceFactor RollingResistanceFactor https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q91738044 4-23.3 Quotient of tangential and normal component of the force applied to a body which is rolling at constant speed over a surface. N SI unit for force. The "Newton" is the SI unit of force. A force of one newton will accelerate a mass of one kilogram at the rate of one meter per second per second. The newton is named for Isaac Newton (1642-1727), the British mathematician, physicist, and natural philosopher. He was the first person to understand clearly the relationship between force (F), mass (m), and acceleration (a) expressed by the formula F = m·a. -- QUDT Newton Newton NEW http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/N N http://dbpedia.org/resource/Newton SI unit for force. The "Newton" is the SI unit of force. A force of one newton will accelerate a mass of one kilogram at the rate of one meter per second per second. The newton is named for Isaac Newton (1642-1727), the British mathematician, physicist, and natural philosopher. He was the first person to understand clearly the relationship between force (F), mass (m), and acceleration (a) expressed by the formula F = m·a. -- QUDT http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton?oldid=488427661 https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.N04135 Chemical Abstact Service registry number for a chemical substance from the American Chemical Society CASRN Water is 7732-18-5 CASRN Chemical Abstact Service registry number for a chemical substance from the American Chemical Society Ratio of the absolute value of the mutual permeance related to two circuit elements to the geometric average of their self-permeances. CouplingFactor InductiveCouplingFactor CouplingFactor https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q78101715 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=131-12-41 6-42.1 Ratio of the absolute value of the mutual permeance related to two circuit elements to the geometric average of their self-permeances. 14.007 7 Atom subclass for nitrogen. NitrogenAtom NitrogenAtom Atom subclass for nitrogen. Force resisting the motion when a body (such as a ball, tire, or wheel) rolls on a surface. RollingResistance RollingDrag RollingFrictionForce RollingResistance https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q914921 4-9.5 Force resisting the motion when a body (such as a ball, tire, or wheel) rolls on a surface. Quotient of the Planck constant and the product of the mass of the particle and the speed of light in vacuum. ComptonWavelength ComptonWavelength https://qudt.org/vocab/constant/ComptonWavelength https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1145377 10-20 Quotient of the Planck constant and the product of the mass of the particle and the speed of light in vacuum. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compton_wavelength T-3 L-2 M+2 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'SquarePressureTime'. SquarePressureTimeUnit SquarePressureTimeUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'SquarePressureTime'. Critical thermodynamic temperature of a ferromagnet. CurieTemperature CurieTemperature https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/CurieTemperature https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191073 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=121-12-51 12-35.1 Critical thermodynamic temperature of a ferromagnet. MentalAgent MentalAgent 0.0001 0.0 product of the SI base unit kilogram and the 0 0001fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 -- QUDT KilogramSquareCentiMetre Kilogram Square Centimetre KilogramSquareCentiMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloGM-CentiM2 kg.cm2 kg⋅cm² product of the SI base unit kilogram and the 0 0001fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 -- QUDT ChemicalMaterial ChemicalMaterial The magnetic flux density for disappearance of superconductivity in a type I superconductor. ThermodynamicCriticalMagneticFluxDensity ThermodynamicCriticalMagneticFluxDensity https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ThermodynamicCriticalMagneticFluxDensity https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106103200 12-36.1 The magnetic flux density for disappearance of superconductivity in a type I superconductor. Often denoted B. Strength of the magnetic field. MagneticFluxDensity MagneticInduction MagneticFluxDensity http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MagneticFluxDensity https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30204 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=121-11-19 6-21 Strength of the magnetic field. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.M03686 For type II superconductors, the threshold magnetic flux density for disappearance of bulk superconductivity. UpperCriticalMagneticFluxDensity UpperCriticalMagneticFluxDensity https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/UpperCriticalMagneticFluxDensity https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106127634 12-36.3 For type II superconductors, the threshold magnetic flux density for disappearance of bulk superconductivity. For type II superconductors, the threshold magnetic flux density for magnetic flux entering the superconductor. LowerCriticalMagneticFluxDensity LowerCriticalMagneticFluxDensity https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/LowerCriticalMagneticFluxDensity https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106127355 12-36.2 For type II superconductors, the threshold magnetic flux density for magnetic flux entering the superconductor. Even though torque has the same physical dimension as energy, it is not of the same kind and can not be measured with energy units like joule or electron volt. The effectiveness of a force to produce rotation about an axis, measured by the product of the force and the perpendicular distance from the line of action of the force to the axis. Torque Torque http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Torque 4-12.2 The effectiveness of a force to produce rotation about an axis, measured by the product of the force and the perpendicular distance from the line of action of the force to the axis. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.T06400 An aerosol composed of fine solid particles in air or another gas. SolidAerosol SolidAerosol An aerosol composed of fine solid particles in air or another gas. 1e-18 0.0 One part per 10**18 by mass of the measurand in the matrix. -- QUDT FemtoGramPerKilogram Femtograms per kilogram FemtoGramPerKilogram http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/FemtoGM-PER-KiloGM fg.kg-1 fg/kg One part per 10**18 by mass of the measurand in the matrix. -- QUDT Electric conductivity of an electrolyte. ElectrolyticConductivity ElectrolyticConductivity https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ElectrolyticConductivity https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q907564 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-01-03 9-44 Electric conductivity of an electrolyte. 100.0 0.0 reciprocal of the 0.01-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit PerCentiMetre ReciprocalCentimetre PerCentiMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-CentiM /cm cm-1 /cm reciprocal of the 0.01-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT ChemicallyDefinedMaterial ChemicallyDefinedMaterial 1000.0 0.0 1 000-fold of the SI derived unit joule divided by the SI base unit kelvin -- QUDT KiloJoulePerKelvin Kilojoule Per Kelvin KiloJoulePerKelvin http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloJ-PER-K kJ.K-1 kJ/K kJ/K 1 000-fold of the SI derived unit joule divided by the SI base unit kelvin -- QUDT The superclass for all classes of entities that have a proper parts of the same type φ of the whole, and so that for every two distinct φ proper parts one is not part of the other. NonConvergent NonConvergent The superclass for all classes of entities that have a proper parts of the same type φ of the whole, and so that for every two distinct φ proper parts one is not part of the other. 1e-12 0.0 0.000000000001-fold of the SI derived unit watt -- QUDT PicoWatt PicoWatt http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PicoW pW pW 0.000000000001-fold of the SI derived unit watt -- QUDT 1.0 0.0 Newton seconds measured per radian -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit NewtonSecondPerRadian Newton seconds per radian NewtonSecondPerRadian http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/N-SEC-PER-RAD N⋅s/rad Newton seconds measured per radian -- QUDT 1e-09 0.0 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit henry divided by the 1,000-fold of the SI derived unit ohm -- QUDT MicroHenryPerKiloOhm Microhenry Per Kiloohm MicroHenryPerKiloOhm http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroH-PER-KiloOHM uH.kOhm-1 µH/kΩ 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit henry divided by the 1,000-fold of the SI derived unit ohm -- QUDT An 'equation' that has parts two 'polynomial'-s AlgebraicEquation 2 * a - b = c AlgebraicEquation 1000.0 0.0 1 000-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre by exponent 3 -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit CubicDecaMetre Cubic Decametre CubicDecaMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/DecaM3 dam3 dam³ 1 000-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre by exponent 3 -- QUDT 1.0 0.0 The SI unit of pressure. The pascal is the standard pressure unit in the MKS metric system, equal to one newton per square meter or one "kilogram per meter per second per second." The unit is named for Blaise Pascal (1623-1662), French philosopher and mathematician, who was the first person to use a barometer to measure differences in altitude. -- QUDT KilogramPerMetrePerSquareSecond Kilograms per metre per square second KilogramPerMetrePerSquareSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloGM-PER-M-SEC2 kg.m-1.s-2 kg/(m⋅s²) The SI unit of pressure. The pascal is the standard pressure unit in the MKS metric system, equal to one newton per square meter or one "kilogram per meter per second per second." The unit is named for Blaise Pascal (1623-1662), French philosopher and mathematician, who was the first person to use a barometer to measure differences in altitude. -- QUDT A construction language used to write configuration files. ConfigurationLanguage .ini files Files in the standard .config directory on Unix systems. ConfigurationLanguage A construction language used to write configuration files. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Configuration_file#Configuration_languages 100.0 0.0 100-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT HectoMetre HectoMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/HectoM hm hm 100-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT 1000000.0 0.0 1,000,000-fold of the SI derived unit newton -- QUDT MegaNewton MegaNewton http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MegaN MN MN 1,000,000-fold of the SI derived unit newton -- QUDT A program aimed to provide a specific high level function to the user, usually hiding lower level procedures. ApplicationProgram App Application Word processors, graphic image processing programs, database management systems, numerical simulation software and games. ApplicationProgram A program aimed to provide a specific high level function to the user, usually hiding lower level procedures. 1e-06 0.0 0.000001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 -- QUDT MilliGramPerSquareMetre Milligram Per Square Metre MilliGramPerSquareMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliGM-PER-M2 mg.m-2 mg/m2 mg/m² 0.000001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 -- QUDT Coupled Coupled A material that takes active part in a chemical reaction. ReactiveMaterial ReactiveMaterial A material that takes active part in a chemical reaction. Bk The symbol that stands for the berkelium atom. BerkeliumSymbol BerkeliumSymbol The symbol that stands for the berkelium atom. Mc The symbol that stands for the moscovium atom. MoscoviumSymbol MoscoviumSymbol The symbol that stands for the moscovium atom. 1e-06 0.0 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit coulomb divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit MicroCoulombPerCubicMetre Microcoulomb Per Cubic Metre MicroCoulombPerCubicMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroC-PER-M3 uC.m-3 μC/m³ 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit coulomb divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT The derivative of the electric charge of a system with respect to the area. SurfaceDensityOfElectricCharge AreicElectricCharge SurfaceChargeDensity SurfaceDensityOfElectricCharge https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12799324 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=121-11-08 6-4 The derivative of the electric charge of a system with respect to the area. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.S06159 Vector quantity equal to the time derivative of the electric flux density. DisplacementCurrentDensity DisplacementCurrentDensity https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/DisplacementCurrentDensity https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77614612 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=121-11-42 6-18 Vector quantity equal to the time derivative of the electric flux density. 26.9815385 13 Atom subclass for aluminium. AluminiumAtom AluminiumAtom Atom subclass for aluminium. Product of the number density na of the atoms and the cross section σ_tot for a given type of atoms. VolumicTotalCrossSection MacroscopicTotalCrossSection VolumicTotalCrossSection https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MacroscopicTotalCrossSection https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98280548 10-42.2 Product of the number density na of the atoms and the cross section σ_tot for a given type of atoms. = The equals symbol. Equals Equals The equals symbol. 1.0 0.0 Second per metre. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit SecondPerMetre SecondPerMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/SEC-PER-M s.m-1 s/m Second per metre. 1000.0 0.0 1 000-fold of the SI derived unit becquerel -- QUDT KiloBecquerel KiloBecquerel http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloBQ kBq kBq 1 000-fold of the SI derived unit becquerel -- QUDT Count per volume. VolumetricNumberDensity VolumetricNumberDensity Count per volume. 0.001 0.0 0.001-fold of the SI derived unit gray -- QUDT MilliGray MilliGray http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliGRAY mGy mGy 0.001-fold of the SI derived unit gray -- QUDT z component of the diagonalized tensor of nuclear quadrupole moment, in the quantum state with the nuclear spin in the field direction (z). NuclearQuadrupoleMoment NuclearQuadrupoleMoment https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/NuclearQuadrupoleMoment https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q97921226 10-18 z component of the diagonalized tensor of nuclear quadrupole moment, in the quantum state with the nuclear spin in the field direction (z). 1.0 0.0 A measurement of luminous efficacy, which is the light output in lumens using one watt of electricity. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit LumenPerWatt Lumen per Watt LumenPerWatt http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/LM-PER-W lm.W-1 lm/W A measurement of luminous efficacy, which is the light output in lumens using one watt of electricity. -- QUDT A process which is an holistic spatial part of a process. In the EMMO the relation of participation to a process falls under mereotopology. Since topological connection means causality, then the only way for a real world object to participate to a process is to be a part of it. SubProcess Breathing is a subprocess of living for a human being. SubProcess A process which is an holistic spatial part of a process. In the EMMO the relation of participation to a process falls under mereotopology. Since topological connection means causality, then the only way for a real world object to participate to a process is to be a part of it. 137.327 56 Atom subclass for barium. BariumAtom BariumAtom Atom subclass for barium. 1.0 0.0 Metre per Kelvin. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit MetrePerKelvin MetrePerKelvin http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M-PER-K m/K m/k Metre per Kelvin. Pt The symbol that stands for the platinum atom. PlatinumSymbol PlatinumSymbol The symbol that stands for the platinum atom. A declaration that provides a sign for an object that is independent from any assignment rule. Naming A unique id attached to an entity. Naming A declaration that provides a sign for an object that is independent from any assignment rule. 1/12 of the mass of an atom of the nuclide 12C in the ground state at rest. UnifiedAtomicMassConstant UnifiedAtomicMassConstant https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4817337 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-05-23 10-4.3 1/12 of the mass of an atom of the nuclide 12C in the ground state at rest. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.A00497 1000000000.0 0.0 1 000 000 000-fold of the SI derived unit pascal -- QUDT GigaPascal GigaPascal http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/GigaPA GPa GPa 1 000 000 000-fold of the SI derived unit pascal -- QUDT lm SI unit for luminous flux. The SI unit for measuring the flux of light being produced by a light source or received by a surface. The intensity of a light source is measured in candelas. One lumen represents the total flux of light emitted, equal to the intensity in candelas multiplied by the solid angle in steradians into which the light is emitted. A full sphere has a solid angle of 4·π steradians. A light source that uniformly radiates one candela in all directions has a total luminous flux of 1 cd·4π sr = 4π cd·sr ≈ 12.57 lumens. "Lumen" is a Latin word for light. -- QUDT Lumen Lumen LUM http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/LM lm http://dbpedia.org/resource/Lumen SI unit for luminous flux. The SI unit for measuring the flux of light being produced by a light source or received by a surface. The intensity of a light source is measured in candelas. One lumen represents the total flux of light emitted, equal to the intensity in candelas multiplied by the solid angle in steradians into which the light is emitted. A full sphere has a solid angle of 4·π steradians. A light source that uniformly radiates one candela in all directions has a total luminous flux of 1 cd·4π sr = 4π cd·sr ≈ 12.57 lumens. "Lumen" is a Latin word for light. -- QUDT https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lumen_(unit) https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.L03639 Average distance that electrons travel between two successive interactions. MeanFreePathOfElectrons MeanFreePathOfElectrons https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ElectronMeanFreePath https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105672307 12-15.2 Average distance that electrons travel between two successive interactions. An uncharged subatomic particle found in the atomic nucleus. Neutron Neutron An uncharged subatomic particle found in the atomic nucleus. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutron 1e-05 0.0 0,000 01-fold of the SI base unit kilogram -- QUDT CentiGram CentiGram http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/CentiGM cg cg 0,000 01-fold of the SI base unit kilogram -- QUDT 1e-12 0.0 NanoMeterPerMilliMeterMegaPascal Nanometer Per Millimeter Megapascal NanoMeterPerMilliMeterMegaPascal http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/NanoM-PER-MilliM-MegaPA nm.mm-1.MPa-1 nm/(mm⋅MPa) Sn The symbol that stands for the tin atom. TinSymbol TinSymbol The symbol that stands for the tin atom. 1.0 0.0 Square Metres per second is the SI derived unit of angular momentum, defined by distance or displacement in metres multiplied by distance again in metres and divided by time in seconds. The unit is written in symbols as m2/s or m2u00b7s-1 or m2s-1. It may be better understood when phrased as "metres per second times metres", i.e. the momentum of an object with respect to a position. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit SquareMetrePerSecond Square Metre per Second SquareMetrePerSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M2-PER-SEC m2.s-1 m2/s m²/s Square Metres per second is the SI derived unit of angular momentum, defined by distance or displacement in metres multiplied by distance again in metres and divided by time in seconds. The unit is written in symbols as m2/s or m2u00b7s-1 or m2s-1. It may be better understood when phrased as "metres per second times metres", i.e. the momentum of an object with respect to a position. -- QUDT A computer language that is domain-independent and can be used for expressing data from any kind of discipline. DataExchangeLanguage JSON, YAML, XML DataExchangeLanguage A computer language that is domain-independent and can be used for expressing data from any kind of discipline. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_exchange#Data_exchange_languages 1.0 0.0 SI derived unit pascal divided by the SI base unit metre -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit PascalPerMetre Pascal Per Metre PascalPerMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PA-PER-M Pa.m-1 Pa/m Pa/m SI derived unit pascal divided by the SI base unit metre -- QUDT A language construct that provides information about the consitutents of a substance and their fractions or amounts. ChemicalComposition ChemicalComposition A language construct that provides information about the consitutents of a substance and their fractions or amounts. ChemicalSymbolicConstruct ChemicalSymbolicConstruct Service IntangibleProduct Service https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:9000:ed-4:v1:en:term:3.7.7 1.0 0.0 SI derived unit henry divided by the SI derived unit ohm -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit HenryPerOhm Henry Per Ohm HenryPerOhm http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/H-PER-OHM H.Ohm-1 H/Ω SI derived unit henry divided by the SI derived unit ohm -- QUDT Joining process by softening the surfaces to be joined, either by heat or with a solvent (swelling welding, solvent welding), and pressing the softened surfaces together. Welding Schweißen Welding Vector k in the expression ω t−k⋅r+ϑ0 of the phase of a sinusoidal wave. WaveVector WaveVector https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q657009 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=103-10-09 3-21 Vector k in the expression ω t−k⋅r+ϑ0 of the phase of a sinusoidal wave. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wave_vector The charge of an electron. The negative of ElementaryCharge. ElectronCharge ElectronCharge The charge of an electron. The negative of ElementaryCharge. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.E01982 A data representing 32-bit non-negative integer number, 0...4294967295. UnsignedIntData https://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#unsignedInt UnsignedIntData EquivalentTo: hasDataValue some xsd:unsignedInt A data representing 32-bit non-negative integer number, 0...4294967295. machining with a circular cutting movement in which the axis of rotation of the tool and the axis of the internal surface to be produced are identical and the feed movement is in the direction of this axis. The axis of rotation of the cutting movement maintains its position relative to the workpiece independently of the feed movement (axis of rotation workpiece-bound). Drilling Bohren Drilling Factor by which the intensity of a diffraction line is reduced because of the lattice vibrations. DebyeWallerFactor DebyeWallerFactor https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Debye-WallerFactor https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q902587 12-8 Factor by which the intensity of a diffraction line is reduced because of the lattice vibrations. Fm The symbol that stands for the fermium atom. FermiumSymbol FermiumSymbol The symbol that stands for the fermium atom. A unit associated with area moments of inertia. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit QuarticMetre Quartic Metre QuarticMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M4 m4 m⁴ A unit associated with area moments of inertia. -- QUDT constituent of the interaction energy between the spins of adjacent electrons in matter arising from the overlap of electron state functions ExchangeIntegral ExchangeIntegral https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ExchangeIntegral https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10882959 12-34 constituent of the interaction energy between the spins of adjacent electrons in matter arising from the overlap of electron state functions A data representing an integer number <= 0. NonPositiveIntegerData https://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#nonPositiveInteger NonPositiveIntegerData EquivalentTo: hasDataValue some xsd:nonPositiveInteger A data representing an integer number <= 0. 1e-18 0.0 Cubic micrometre per cubic metre unit. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit CubicMicroMetrePerCubicMetre CubicMicroMetrePerCubicMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroM3-PER-M3 um3.m-3 µm³/m³ Cubic micrometre per cubic metre unit. 1.0 0.0 `Watt Per Square Meter Per Kelvin `(W m⁻² K⁻¹) is a unit in the category of Thermal heat transfer coefficient. It is also known as watt/square meter-kelvin. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Watt Per Square Meter Per Kelvin (W m⁻² K⁻¹) has a dimension of MT⁻¹Q⁻¹ where M is mass, T is time, and Q is temperature. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit WattPerSquareMetreKelvin Watt per Square Metre Kelvin WattPerSquareMetreKelvin http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/W-PER-M2-K W.m-2.K-1 W/(m²⋅K) `Watt Per Square Meter Per Kelvin `(W m⁻² K⁻¹) is a unit in the category of Thermal heat transfer coefficient. It is also known as watt/square meter-kelvin. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Watt Per Square Meter Per Kelvin (W m⁻² K⁻¹) has a dimension of MT⁻¹Q⁻¹ where M is mass, T is time, and Q is temperature. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT T-3 L0 M+1 I0 Θ-1 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'ThermalTransmittance'. ThermalTransmittanceUnit ThermalTransmittanceUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'ThermalTransmittance'. At a point on the surface separating two media with different thermodynamic temperatures, magnitude of the density of heat flow rate φ divided by the absolute value of temperature difference ΔT. CoefficientOfHeatTransfer ThermalTransmittance CoefficientOfHeatTransfer https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/CoefficientOfHeatTransfer https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q634340 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-04-39 5-10.1 At a point on the surface separating two media with different thermodynamic temperatures, magnitude of the density of heat flow rate φ divided by the absolute value of temperature difference ΔT. Nd The symbol that stands for the neodymium atom. NeodymiumSymbol NeodymiumSymbol The symbol that stands for the neodymium atom. ElectricCurrentPhasor ElectricCurrentPhasor https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ElectricCurrentPhasor https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q78514596 6-49 204.38 81 Atom subclass for thallium. ThalliumAtom ThalliumAtom Atom subclass for thallium. Surface density of electric charge multiplied by velocity LinearElectricCurrentDensity LinearElectricCurrentDensity https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/LinearElectricCurrentDensity https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2356741 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=121-11-12 6-9 Surface density of electric charge multiplied by velocity An 'interpreter' that perceives another 'entity' (the 'object') through a specific perception mechanism and produces a 'property' (the 'sign') that stands for the result of that particular perception. Determiner Determiner EquivalentTo: Estimator or Observer An 'interpreter' that perceives another 'entity' (the 'object') through a specific perception mechanism and produces a 'property' (the 'sign') that stands for the result of that particular perception. A Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) is a compact sequence of characters that identifies an abstract or physical resource. URI = scheme ":" ["//" authority] path ["?" query] ["#" fragment] URI URI https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:URI_syntax_diagram.svg A Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) is a compact sequence of characters that identifies an abstract or physical resource. URI = scheme ":" ["//" authority] path ["?" query] ["#" fragment] 1e-09 0.0 0.000000001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit MicroGramPerCubicMetre Microgram Per Cubic Metre MicroGramPerCubicMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroGM-PER-M3 ug.m-3 ug/m3 μg/m³ 0.000000001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT NameData NameData 1.0 0.0 Metre per second is an SI derived unit of both speed (scalar) and velocity (vector quantity which specifies both magnitude and a specific direction), defined by distance in metres divided by time in seconds. The official SI symbolic abbreviation is mu00b7s-1, or equivalently either m/s. -- QUDT MetrePerSecond MetrePerSecond MTS http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M-PER-SEC http://www.ontology-of-units-of-measure.org/resource/om-2/metrePerSecond-Time m.s-1 m/s Metre per second is an SI derived unit of both speed (scalar) and velocity (vector quantity which specifies both magnitude and a specific direction), defined by distance in metres divided by time in seconds. The official SI symbolic abbreviation is mu00b7s-1, or equivalently either m/s. -- QUDT 1.0 0.0 KilogramPerSquareMetrePerPascalPerSecond Kilograms per square metre per Pascal per second KilogramPerSquareMetrePerPascalPerSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloGM-PER-M2-PA-SEC kg/(m²⋅s⋅Pa) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perm_(unit) A vector quantity equal to the product of the current, the loop area, and the unit vector normal to the loop plane, the direction of which corresponds to the loop orientation MagneticMoment MagneticAreaMoment MagneticMoment https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MagneticMoment https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q242657 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=121-11-49 6-23 A vector quantity equal to the product of the current, the loop area, and the unit vector normal to the loop plane, the direction of which corresponds to the loop orientation https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.M03688 Number of particles per time and area crossing a surface. ParticleCurrentDensity ParticleCurrentDensity https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ParticleCurrent https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2400689 10-48 Number of particles per time and area crossing a surface. 209.98715 85 Atom subclass for astatine. AstatineAtom AstatineAtom Atom subclass for astatine. 140.116 58 Atom subclass for cerium. CeriumAtom CeriumAtom Atom subclass for cerium. A path is a string of characters used to uniquely identify a location in a directory structure according to a particular convention. Path /etc/fstab (UNIX-like path) C:\\Users\\John\\Desktop (DOS-like path) Path A path is a string of characters used to uniquely identify a location in a directory structure according to a particular convention. Nb The symbol that stands for the niobium atom. NiobiumSymbol NiobiumSymbol The symbol that stands for the niobium atom. 1e-09 0.0 NanoSiemens NanoSiemens NanoSiemens http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/NanoS nS Scalar potential of an irrotational magnetic field strength. ScalarMagneticPotential ScalarMagneticPotential https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17162107 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=121-11-58 6-37.1 Scalar potential of an irrotational magnetic field strength. Sum of energies deposited by ionizing radiation in a given volume. EnergyImparted EnergyImparted https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/EnergyImparted https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q99526944 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=395-01-34 10-80.1 Sum of energies deposited by ionizing radiation in a given volume. T+2 L0 M-1 I+1 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricMobility'. ElectricMobilityUnit ElectricMobilityUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricMobility'. 1.0 0.0 product of the derived SI unit newton and the SI base unit metre divided by the SI base unit kilogram -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit NewtonMetrePerKilogram Newton Metre Per Kilogram NewtonMetrePerKilogram http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/N-M-PER-KiloGM N.m.kg-1 N⋅m/kg product of the derived SI unit newton and the SI base unit metre divided by the SI base unit kilogram -- QUDT 1.0 0.0 Becquerels second per cubic metre. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit BecquerelSecondPerCubicMetre BecquerelSecondPerCubicMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/BQ-SEC-PER-M3 Bq.s.m-3 Bq⋅s/m³ Becquerels second per cubic metre. Hypothetical pressure of gas if it alone occupied the volume of the mixture at the same temperature. PartialPressure PartialPressure https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/PartialPressure https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27165 9-19 Hypothetical pressure of gas if it alone occupied the volume of the mixture at the same temperature. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.P04420 Sum of electric current and displacement current TotalCurrent TotalCurrent https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/TotalCurrent https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77679732 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=121-11-45 6-19.2 Sum of electric current and displacement current Square degree Celsius per second. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit SquareDegreeCelsiusPerSecond SquareDegreeCelsiusPerSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/DEG_C2-PER-SEC K2.s-1 °C²⋅s Square degree Celsius per second. T-1 L0 M0 I0 Θ+2 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'SquareTemperaturePerTime'. SquareTemperaturePerTimeUnit SquareTemperaturePerTimeUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'SquareTemperaturePerTime'. A coarse dispersion of gas in a solid continuum phase. SolidGasSuspension SolidGasSuspension A coarse dispersion of gas in a solid continuum phase. Quotient of the product of the electric charge of a particle and the magnitude of the magnetic flux density of the magnetic field, and the particle mass. CyclotronAngularFrequency CyclotronAngularFrequency https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/CyclotronAngularFrequency https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q97708211 10-16 Quotient of the product of the electric charge of a particle and the magnitude of the magnetic flux density of the magnetic field, and the particle mass. 0.01 0.0 A unit of mass per area, equivalent to 0.01 grammes per square metre -- QUDT MicroGramPerSquareCentiMetre Microgram per square centimetre MicroGramPerSquareCentiMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroG-PER-CentiM2 µg/cm² A unit of mass per area, equivalent to 0.01 grammes per square metre -- QUDT Coefficient of heat transfer when heat exchange takes place between a body at thermodynamic temperature Ts and its surroundings that are at a reference temperature Tr. SurfaceCoefficientOfHeatTransfer SurfaceCoefficientOfHeatTransfer https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/SurfaceCoefficientOfHeatTransfer https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q74770365 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-04-40 5-10.2 Coefficient of heat transfer when heat exchange takes place between a body at thermodynamic temperature Ts and its surroundings that are at a reference temperature Tr. 1.0 0.0 Per Second Square Meter Steradian is a denominator unit with dimensions /sec-m²-sr. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit PerSecondSquareMetreSteradian ReciprocalSecondSquareMetreSteradian PerSecondSquareMetreSteradian http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-SEC-M2-SR /(s.m2.sr) s-1.m-2.sr-1 /s⋅m²⋅sr Per Second Square Meter Steradian is a denominator unit with dimensions /sec-m²-sr. -- QUDT 1000000.0 0.0 1,000,000-fold of the SI derived unit volt divided by the SI base unit metre -- QUDT MegaVoltPerMetre Megavolt Per Metre MegaVoltPerMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MegaV-PER-M MV.m-1 MV/m 1,000,000-fold of the SI derived unit volt divided by the SI base unit metre -- QUDT 1.0 0.0 This is the SI unit for the rolling resistance, which is equivalent to drag force in newton -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit NewtonMetrePerMetre Newton metre per metre NewtonMetrePerMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/N-M-PER-M N⋅m/m This is the SI unit for the rolling resistance, which is equivalent to drag force in newton -- QUDT A conventional that provides no possibility to infer the characteristics of the object to which it refers. Uncoded A random generated id for a product. Uncoded A conventional that provides no possibility to infer the characteristics of the object to which it refers. AmorphousMaterial NonCrystallineMaterial AmorphousMaterial MaterialByStructure MaterialByStructure FormingFromGas FormingFromGas FORTRAN FORTRAN 281.165 110 Atom subclass for darmastadtium. DarmastadtiumAtom DarmastadtiumAtom Atom subclass for darmastadtium. Change of phase angle with the length along the path travelled by a plane wave. The imaginary part of the propagation coefficient. PhaseCoefficient PhaseChangeCoefficient PhaseCoefficient https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/PhaseCoefficient https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q32745742 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=103-10-20 3-26.2 Change of phase angle with the length along the path travelled by a plane wave. The imaginary part of the propagation coefficient. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propagation_constant#Phase_constant P The symbol that stands for the phosphorus atom. PhosphorusSymbol PhosphorusSymbol The symbol that stands for the phosphorus atom. T0 L0 M0 I+1 Θ-1 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricCurrentPerTemperature'. ElectricCurrentPerTemperatureUnit ElectricCurrentPerTemperatureUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricCurrentPerTemperature'. 1.0 0.0 Moles per square metre per second per metre per steradian. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit MolePerSquareMetrePerSecondPerMetrePerSteradian MolePerSquareMetrePerSecondPerMetrePerSteradian http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MOL-PER-M2-SEC-M-SR mol.m-2.s-1.m-1.sr-1 mol/(m²⋅s⋅m⋅sr) Moles per square metre per second per metre per steradian. 1e-06 0.0 unit of the imbalance as product of the 0.001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram and the 0.001-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit GramMilliMetre Gram Millimetre GramMilliMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/GM-MilliM g.mm g·mm unit of the imbalance as product of the 0.001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram and the 0.001-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT T0 L+1 M+1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'LengthMass'. LengthMassUnit LengthMassUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'LengthMass'. 1e-12 0.0 0.000000000001-fold of the SI base unit second -- QUDT PicoSecond PicoSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PicoSEC ps ps 0.000000000001-fold of the SI base unit second -- QUDT 1e-15 0.0 0.000000000001-fold of the unit litre -- QUDT PicoLitre PicoLitre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PicoL pL pL 0.000000000001-fold of the unit litre -- QUDT Measure of the tendency of a solution to take in pure solvent by osmosis. OsmoticPressure OsmoticPressure https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/OsmoticPressure https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193135 9-28 Measure of the tendency of a solution to take in pure solvent by osmosis. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.O04344 A workflow whose tasks are tiles of a sequence. SerialWorkflow SerialWorkflow https://w3id.org/emmo/raw/1.0.0-rc3/doc/figs/SerialWorkflow.png A workflow whose tasks are tiles of a sequence. 10000.0 0.0 derived SI unit newton divided by the 0.0001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre by exponent 2 -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit NewtonPerSquareCentiMetre Newton Per Square Centimetre NewtonPerSquareCentiMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/N-PER-CentiM2 N.cm-2 N/cm² derived SI unit newton divided by the 0.0001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre by exponent 2 -- QUDT A coarse dispersion of solid in a gas continuum phase. GasSolidSuspension Dust, sand storm. GasSolidSuspension A coarse dispersion of solid in a gas continuum phase. 1.0 0.0 The molar volume, symbol Vm, is the volume occupied by one mole of a substance (chemical element or chemical compound) at a given temperature and pressure. It is equal to the molar mass (M) divided by the mass density. It has the SI unit cubic metres per mole m3/mol, although it is more practical to use the units cubic decimetres per mole dm3/mol for gases and cubic centimetres per mole cm3/mol for liquids and solids. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit CubicMetrePerMole Cubic Metre per Mole CubicMetrePerMole http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M3-PER-MOL m3.mol-1 m3/mol m³/mol The molar volume, symbol Vm, is the volume occupied by one mole of a substance (chemical element or chemical compound) at a given temperature and pressure. It is equal to the molar mass (M) divided by the mass density. It has the SI unit cubic metres per mole m3/mol, although it is more practical to use the units cubic decimetres per mole dm3/mol for gases and cubic centimetres per mole cm3/mol for liquids and solids. -- QUDT A computation that provides a data output following the elaboration of some input data, using a data processing application. DataProcessing DataProcessing A computation that provides a data output following the elaboration of some input data, using a data processing application. A dose quantity used in the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) system of radiological protection. DoseEquivalent DoseEquivalent http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/DoseEquivalent 10-83.1 A dose quantity used in the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) system of radiological protection. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.E02101 1e-06 0.0 0.000001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit SquareMilliMetre Square Millimetre SquareMilliMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliM2 mm2 mm² 0.000001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 -- QUDT 1e-06 0.0 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit volt divided by the SI base unit metre -- QUDT MicroVoltPerMetre Microvolt Per Metre MicroVoltPerMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroV-PER-M uV.m-1 µV/m 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit volt divided by the SI base unit metre -- QUDT MetallicMaterial MetallicMaterial A command must be interpretable by the computer system. An instruction to a computer system to perform a given task. Command From a bash shell would e.g. `ls` be a command. Another example of a shell command would be `/path/to/executable arg1 arg2`. Command A command must be interpretable by the computer system. Commands are typically performed from a shell or a shell script, but not limited to them. Nh The symbol that stands for the nihonium atom. NihoniumSymbol NihoniumSymbol The symbol that stands for the nihonium atom. 1e-09 0.0 NanoBecquerel NanoBecquerel NanoBecquerel http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/NanoBQ nBq A mapping that acts on elements of one space and produces elements of another space. MathematicalOperator The algebraic operator '+' that acts on two real numbers and produces one real number. The differential operator that acts on a C1 real function and produces another real function. MathematicalOperator A mapping that acts on elements of one space and produces elements of another space. Hexadecimal encoding of binary data, using the alphabet [0-9a-f]. HexBinaryData https://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#hexBinary HexBinaryData EquivalentTo: hasDataValue some xsd:hexBinary Hexadecimal encoding of binary data, using the alphabet [0-9a-f]. Fr The symbol that stands for the francium atom. FranciumSymbol FranciumSymbol The symbol that stands for the francium atom. T+2 L+1 M-1 I0 Θ+1 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'TemperaturePerPressure'. TemperaturePerPressureUnit TemperaturePerPressureUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'TemperaturePerPressure'. An interpreter who assigns a name to an object without any motivations related to the object characters. Namer Namer An interpreter who assigns a name to an object without any motivations related to the object characters. 0.001 0.0 0,001fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the SI base unit second -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit GramPerSecond Gram Per Second GramPerSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/GM-PER-SEC g.s-1 g/s 0,001fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the SI base unit second -- QUDT Atomic number (proton number) plus neutron number equals mass number. Number of neutrons in an atomic nucleus. NeutronNumber NeutronNumber https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q970319 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-05-34 10-1.2 Number of neutrons in an atomic nucleus. Atomic number (proton number) plus neutron number equals mass number. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutron_number https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.N04119 Cr The symbol that stands for the chromium atom. ChromiumSymbol ChromiumSymbol The symbol that stands for the chromium atom. 30.973761998 15 Atom subclass for phosphorus. PhosphorusAtom PhosphorusAtom Atom subclass for phosphorus. 223.01974 87 Atom subclass for francium. FranciumAtom FranciumAtom Atom subclass for francium. 271.134 106 Atom subclass for seaborgium. SeaborgiumAtom SeaborgiumAtom Atom subclass for seaborgium. ProductionEngineering ProductionEngineering Deals with entities that have a undefined shape. Undefined means that the actual shape of the entity that is produced is not relevant for the definition of the process. In fact, everything has a shape, but in process engineering this is not relevant. e.g. the fact that steel comes in sheets is not relevant for the definition of steel material generated in a steel-making process. ProcessEngineeringProcess ProcessEngineeringProcess Deals with entities that have a undefined shape. Undefined means that the actual shape of the entity that is produced is not relevant for the definition of the process. In fact, everything has a shape, but in process engineering this is not relevant. e.g. the fact that steel comes in sheets is not relevant for the definition of steel material generated in a steel-making process. https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verfahrenstechnik / Division Division 1000000.0 0.0 product out of the 1,000,000-fold of the SI derived unit pascal and the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the SI base unit second -- QUDT MegaPascalCubicMetrePerSecond Megapascal Cubic Metre Per Second MegaPascalCubicMetrePerSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MegaPA-M3-PER-SEC MPa.m3.s-1 MPa⋅m³/s product out of the 1,000,000-fold of the SI derived unit pascal and the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the SI base unit second -- QUDT 1000.0 0.0 1 000-fold of the product of the SI derived unit volt and the SI base unit ampere -- QUDT KiloVoltAmpere Kilovolt Ampere KiloVoltAmpere http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloV-A kV.A kV⋅A 1 000-fold of the product of the SI derived unit volt and the SI base unit ampere -- QUDT 1.0 0.0 product of the SI derived unit newton and the SI base unit metre divided by the SI base unit ampere -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit NewtonMetrePerAmpere Newton Metre Per Ampere NewtonMetrePerAmpere http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/N-M-PER-A N.m.A-1 N⋅m/A product of the SI derived unit newton and the SI base unit metre divided by the SI base unit ampere -- QUDT A device that is designed to participate to a manufacturing process. ManufacturingDevice ManufacturingDevice A device that is designed to participate to a manufacturing process. An object which is instrumental for reaching a particular purpose through its characteristic functioning process, with particular reference to mechanical or electronic equipment. Device Equipment Machine Device An object which is instrumental for reaching a particular purpose through its characteristic functioning process, with particular reference to mechanical or electronic equipment. Si The symbol that stands for the silicon atom. SiliconSymbol SiliconSymbol The symbol that stands for the silicon atom. A 'Graphical' that stands for a real world object that shows a recognizable pictorial pattern without being necessarily associated to a symbolic language. Pictorial A drawing of a cat. A circle on a paper sheet. The Mona Lisa. Pictorial A 'Graphical' that stands for a real world object that shows a recognizable pictorial pattern without being necessarily associated to a symbolic language. "In the name “amount of substance”, the word “substance” will typically be replaced by words to specify the substance concerned in any particular application, for example “amount of hydrogen chloride, HCl”, or “amount of benzene, C6H6 ”. It is important to give a precise definition of the entity involved (as emphasized in the definition of the mole); this should preferably be done by specifying the molecular chemical formula of the material involved. Although the word “amount” has a more general dictionary definition, the abbreviation of the full name “amount of substance” to “amount” may be used for brevity." -- SI Brochure The number of elementary entities present. AmountOfSubstance AmountOfSubstance http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/AmountOfSubstance 9-2 The number of elementary entities present. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.A00297 Time derivative of exposure. ExposureRate ExposureRate https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ExposureRate https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q99720212 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=395-01-42 10-89 Time derivative of exposure. 1.0 0.0 The inverse measure of joule-per-ampere or weber. The measure for the reciprical of magnetic flux. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit AmperePerJoule Ampere per Joule AmperePerJoule http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/A-PER-J A.J-1 A/J A/J The inverse measure of joule-per-ampere or weber. The measure for the reciprical of magnetic flux. -- QUDT T+3 L-2 M-1 I+1 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricCurrentPerUnitEnergy'. ElectricCurrentPerUnitEnergyUnit ElectricCurrentPerUnitEnergyUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricCurrentPerUnitEnergy'. 1.0 0.0 "Radian per Second" is the SI unit of rotational speed (angular velocity), and, also the unit of angular frequency. The radian per second is defined as the change in the orientation of an object, in radians, every second. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit RadianPerSecond radian per second RadianPerSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/RAD-PER-SEC rad.s-1 rad/s rad/s "Radian per Second" is the SI unit of rotational speed (angular velocity), and, also the unit of angular frequency. The radian per second is defined as the change in the orientation of an object, in radians, every second. -- QUDT s The second, symbol s, is the SI unit of time. It is defined by taking the fixed numerical value of the caesium frequency ∆νCs, the unperturbed ground-state hyperfine transition frequency of the caesium 133 atom, to be 9192631770 when expressed in the unit Hz, which is equal to s−1. Second Second SEC http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/SEC s http://dbpedia.org/resource/Second The second, symbol s, is the SI unit of time. It is defined by taking the fixed numerical value of the caesium frequency ∆νCs, the unperturbed ground-state hyperfine transition frequency of the caesium 133 atom, to be 9192631770 when expressed in the unit Hz, which is equal to s−1. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second?oldid=495241006 https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.S05513 1000.0 0.0 KiloCoulomb KiloCoulomb KiloCoulomb http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloC kC kC 1.0 0.0 Per Square Kilogram is a denominator unit with dimensions /kg². -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit PerSquareKilogram ReciprocalSquareKilogram PerSquareKilogram http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-KiloGM2 kg-2 /kg² Per Square Kilogram is a denominator unit with dimensions /kg². -- QUDT T0 L0 M-2 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'InverseSquareMass'. InverseSquareMassUnit InverseSquareMassUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'InverseSquareMass'. Reciprocal of the coefficient of heat transfer. ThermalInsulance CoefficientOfThermalInsulance ThermalInsulance https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ThermalInsulance https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2596212 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-04-41 5-11 Reciprocal of the coefficient of heat transfer. Quantity characterising the relative variation of volume with pressure at constant thermodynamic temperature. IsothermalCompressibility IsothermalCompressibility https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/IsothermalCompressibility https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2990696 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-04-31 5-5.1 Quantity characterising the relative variation of volume with pressure at constant thermodynamic temperature. 267.122 104 Atom subclass for rutherfordium. RutherfordiumAtom RutherfordiumAtom Atom subclass for rutherfordium. Expectation value of the energy imparted. MeanEnergyImparted MeanEnergyImparted https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MeanEnergyImparted https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q99526969 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=881-12-44 10-80.2 Expectation value of the energy imparted. 144.91276 61 Atom subclass for promethium. PromethiumAtom PromethiumAtom Atom subclass for promethium. At a point fixed in a medium with a temperature field, scalar quantity λ characterizing the ability of the medium to transmit heat through a surface element containing that point: φ = −λ grad T, where φ is the density of heat flow rate and T is thermodynamic temperature. In an anisotropic medium, thermal conductivity is a tensor quantity. ThermalConductivity ThermalConductivity https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ThermalConductivity https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q487005 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-04-38 https://dbpedia.org/page/Thermal_conductivity 5-9 At a point fixed in a medium with a temperature field, scalar quantity λ characterizing the ability of the medium to transmit heat through a surface element containing that point: φ = −λ grad T, where φ is the density of heat flow rate and T is thermodynamic temperature. 1.0 0.0 Cubic metre per kilogram and square second. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit CubicMetrePerKilogramSquareSecond CubicMetrePerKilogramSquareSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M3-PER-KiloGM-SEC2 m3.(kg.s2)-1 m3.kg-1.s-2 m3/(kg.s2) m³/(kg⋅s²) Cubic metre per kilogram and square second. Type of thermodynamic potential; useful for calculating reversible work in certain systems. GibbsEnergy GibbsFreeEnergy GibbsEnergy https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q334631 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-04-23 5-20.5 Type of thermodynamic potential; useful for calculating reversible work in certain systems. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.G02629 1e-06 0.0 0.000001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 divided by the SI base unit second -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit SquareMilliMetrePerSecond Square Millimetre Per Second SquareMilliMetrePerSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliM2-PER-SEC mm2.s-1 mm²/s 0.000001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 divided by the SI base unit second -- QUDT 1e-06 0.0 The "microfarad" (symbolized μ F) is a unit of capacitance, equivalent to 0.000001 (10 to the -6th power) farad. The microfarad is a moderate unit of capacitance. In utility alternating-current (AC) and audio-frequency (AF) circuits, capacitors with values on the order of 1 μ F or more are common. At radio frequencies (RF), a smaller unit, the picofarad (pF), is often used. -- QUDT MicroFarad microfarad MicroFarad http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroFARAD uF µF The "microfarad" (symbolized μ F) is a unit of capacitance, equivalent to 0.000001 (10 to the -6th power) farad. The microfarad is a moderate unit of capacitance. In utility alternating-current (AC) and audio-frequency (AF) circuits, capacitors with values on the order of 1 μ F or more are common. At radio frequencies (RF), a smaller unit, the picofarad (pF), is often used. -- QUDT One-sixth of the mean square distance between the point where a neutron enters a specified class and the point where it leaves this class. DiffusionArea DiffusionArea https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/DiffusionArea https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98966292 10-72.2 One-sixth of the mean square distance between the point where a neutron enters a specified class and the point where it leaves this class. Ba The symbol that stands for the barium atom. BariumSymbol BariumSymbol The symbol that stands for the barium atom. 1e-24 Superclass for all units prefixed with "yocto" (1e-24). YoctoPrefixedUnit YoctoPrefixedUnit Superclass for all units prefixed with "yocto" (1e-24). 65.38 30 Atom subclass for zinc. ZincAtom ZincAtom Atom subclass for zinc. MesoscopicSubstance MesoscopicSubstance Q 1e+30 SI prefix who's value is 1e30. Quetta Quetta SI prefix who's value is 1e30. 1.0 0.0 The joule-second is a unit equal to a joule multiplied by a second, used to measure action or angular momentum. The joule-second is the unit used for Planck's constant. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit JouleSecond Joule Second JouleSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/J-SEC J.s J⋅s The joule-second is a unit equal to a joule multiplied by a second, used to measure action or angular momentum. The joule-second is the unit used for Planck's constant. -- QUDT For ionizing uncharged particles of a given type and energy, the differential quotient of Rtr with respect to l. Where Rtr is the mean energy that is transferred to kinetic energy of charged particles by interactions of the uncharged particles of incident radiant energy R in traversing a distance l in the material of density rho, divided by rho and R MassEnergyTransferCoefficient MassEnergyTransferCoefficient https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MassEnergyTransferCoefficient https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q99714619 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=881-04-32 10-87 For ionizing uncharged particles of a given type and energy, the differential quotient of Rtr with respect to l. Where Rtr is the mean energy that is transferred to kinetic energy of charged particles by interactions of the uncharged particles of incident radiant energy R in traversing a distance l in the material of density rho, divided by rho and R Degree Celsius per metre unit. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit DegreeCelsiusPerMetre DegreeCelsiusPerMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/DEG_C-PER-M Cel.m-1 °C/m Degree Celsius per metre unit. A physics-based model based on a physics equation describing the behaviour of continuum volume. ContinuumModel ContinuumModel A physics-based model based on a physics equation describing the behaviour of continuum volume. 1.0 0.0 Becquerel per square metre. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit BecquerelPerSquareMetre BecquerelPerSquareMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/BQ-PER-M2 Bq.m-2 Bq/m2 Bq/m² Becquerel per square metre. 0.001 0.0 MilliMolePerMole Millimoles per mole MilliMolePerMole http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliMOL-PER-MOL mmol.mol-1 mmol/mol ProceduralAgent ProceduralAgent 1.0 0.0 `Joule per Cubic Meter Kelvin` is a unit for 'Volumetric Heat Capacity' expressed as J/(m³ K). -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit JoulePerCubicMetreKelvin Joule per Cubic Metre Kelvin JoulePerCubicMetreKelvin http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/J-PER-M3-K J.m-3.K-1 J/(m³⋅K) `Joule per Cubic Meter Kelvin` is a unit for 'Volumetric Heat Capacity' expressed as J/(m³ K). -- QUDT 0.001 0.0 0.001-fold of the product of the SI derived unit newton and the SI base unit metre -- QUDT MilliNewtonMetre Millinewton Metre MilliNewtonMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliN-M mN.m mN⋅m 0.001-fold of the product of the SI derived unit newton and the SI base unit metre -- QUDT 1.0 0.0 `Ampere per Radian` is a derived unit for measuring the amount of current per unit measure of angle, expressed in ampere per radian. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit AmperePerRadian Ampere per Radian AmperePerRadian http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/A-PER-RAD A.rad-1 A/rad A/rad `Ampere per Radian` is a derived unit for measuring the amount of current per unit measure of angle, expressed in ampere per radian. -- QUDT DieCasting DieCasting PorcelainOrCeramicCasting PorcelainOrCeramicCasting Rg The symbol that stands for the roentgenium atom. RoentgeniumSymbol RoentgeniumSymbol The symbol that stands for the roentgenium atom. Number of protons in an atomic nucleus. AtomicNumber AtomicNumber http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/AtomicNumber 10-1.1 Number of protons in an atomic nucleus. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.A00499 Quotient of dynamic viscosity and mass density of a fluid. KinematicViscosity KinematicViscosity https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/KinematicViscosity https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15106259 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-03-35 4-25 Quotient of dynamic viscosity and mass density of a fluid. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.K03395 95.95 42 Atom subclass for molybdenum. MolybdenumAtom MolybdenumAtom Atom subclass for molybdenum. Distance, where one point is located on an axis or within a closed non self-intersecting curve or surface. RadialDistance RadialDistance https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/RadialDistance https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1578234 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-01-26 3-1.9 Distance, where one point is located on an axis or within a closed non self-intersecting curve or surface. An intentional agency caused by the agent’s mental states and events. Mental states are strictly connected to the definition of mind, which is traditionally connected to high cognitive skills, such as the one provided by human beings brains. MentalAgency MentalAgency An intentional agency caused by the agent’s mental states and events. Mental states are strictly connected to the definition of mind, which is traditionally connected to high cognitive skills, such as the one provided by human beings brains. Relative change of pressure with temperature at constant volume. RelativePressureCoefficient RelativePressureCoefficient https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/RelativePressureCoefficient https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q74761852 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-04-30 5-3.3 Relative change of pressure with temperature at constant volume. Change of pressure per change of temperature at constant volume. PressureCoefficient PressureCoefficient https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/PressureCoefficient https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q74762732 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-04-29 5-4 Change of pressure per change of temperature at constant volume. Fe The symbol that stands for the iron atom. IronSymbol IronSymbol The symbol that stands for the iron atom. 1000000.0 0.0 "Megahertz" is a C.G.S System unit for 'Frequency' expressed as MHz. -- QUDT MegaHertz MegaHertz http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MegaHZ MHz MHz "Megahertz" is a C.G.S System unit for 'Frequency' expressed as MHz. -- QUDT Presses Presses Particles composed of two or more quarks. Hadron Hadron EquivalentTo: Baryon or Meson Particles composed of two or more quarks. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadron 0.001 0.0 SI derived unit henry divided by the 1 000-fold of the SI derived unit ohm -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit HenryPerKiloOhm Henry Per Kiloohm HenryPerKiloOhm http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/H-PER-KiloOHM H.kOhm-1 H/kΩ SI derived unit henry divided by the 1 000-fold of the SI derived unit ohm -- QUDT "Quantity, in a system of quantities, defined in terms of the base quantities of that system". DerivedQuantity DerivedQuantity "Quantity, in a system of quantities, defined in terms of the base quantities of that system". derived quantity PhysicalQuantiyByDefinition PhysicalQuantiyByDefinition "Quantity in a conventionally chosen subset of a given system of quantities, where no quantity in the subset can be expressed in terms of the other quantities within that subset" ISO 80000-1 BaseQuantity BaseQuantity "Quantity in a conventionally chosen subset of a given system of quantities, where no quantity in the subset can be expressed in terms of the other quantities within that subset" ISO 80000-1 base quantity Differential quotient of the cross section for a process and the energy of the scattered particle. EnergyDistributionOfCrossSection EnergyDistributionOfCrossSection https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/SpectralCrossSection https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98267245 10-40 Differential quotient of the cross section for a process and the energy of the scattered particle. A coarse dispersion of gas in a liquid continuum phase. LiquidGasSuspension Sparkling water LiquidGasSuspension A coarse dispersion of gas in a liquid continuum phase. Enthalpy per unit mass. SpecificEnthalpy SpecificEnthalpy https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/SpecificEnthalpy https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21572993 5-21.3 Enthalpy per unit mass. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enthalpy#Specific_enthalpy 1000.0 0.0 1 000-fold of the SI base unit ampere divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 -- QUDT KiloAmperePerSquareMetre Kiloampere Per Square Metre KiloAmperePerSquareMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloA-PER-M2 kA.m-2 kA/m² 1 000-fold of the SI base unit ampere divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 -- QUDT Product of force and displacement. Work Work http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Work 4-28.4 Product of force and displacement. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.W06684 Data that are non-quantitatively interpreted (e.g., qualitative data, types). NonNumericalData NonNumericalData Data that are non-quantitatively interpreted (e.g., qualitative data, types). Heat is energy in transfer to or from a thermodynamic system, by mechanisms other than thermodynamic work or transfer of matter. Heat AmountOfHeat Heat http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Heat 5-6.1 Heat is energy in transfer to or from a thermodynamic system, by mechanisms other than thermodynamic work or transfer of matter. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.H02752 Po The symbol that stands for the polonium atom. PoloniumSymbol PoloniumSymbol The symbol that stands for the polonium atom. Electric polarization divided by electric constant and electric field strength. ElectricSusceptibility ElectricSusceptibility https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ElectricSusceptibility https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q598305 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=121-12-19 6-16 Electric polarization divided by electric constant and electric field strength. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_susceptibility 1.0 0.0 `Square Meter Kelvin per Watt` is a unit for 'Thermal Insulance' expressed as (K²)m/W. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit SquareMetreKelvinPerWatt http://physics.nist.gov/Pubs/SP811/appenB9.html Square Metre Kelvin per Watt SquareMetreKelvinPerWatt http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M2-K-PER-W m2.K.W-1 (K²)m/W `Square Meter Kelvin per Watt` is a unit for 'Thermal Insulance' expressed as (K²)m/W. -- QUDT A data representing a date. DateData https://www.w3.org/TR/2012/REC-xmlschema11-2-20120405/datatypes.html#date DateData A data representing a date. T0 L0 M+1 I0 Θ0 N+1 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'MassAmountOfSubstance'. MassAmountOfSubstanceUnit MassAmountOfSubstanceUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'MassAmountOfSubstance'. 162.5 66 Atom subclass for dysprosium. DysprosiumAtom DysprosiumAtom Atom subclass for dysprosium. μ 1e-06 SI prefix who's value is 1e-6. Micro Micro SI prefix who's value is 1e-6. 1.0 0.0 Second per radian and cubic metre unit. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit SecondPerRadianCubicMetre http://www.iso.org/iso/catalogue_detail?csnumber=31897 SecondPerRadianCubicMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/SEC-PER-RAD-M3 s.rad-1.m-3 s/rad⋅m³ Second per radian and cubic metre unit. I The symbol that stands for the iodine atom. IodineSymbol IodineSymbol The symbol that stands for the iodine atom. 126.90447 53 Atom subclass for iodine. IodineAtom IodineAtom Atom subclass for iodine. T+3 L-2 M-1 I0 Θ+1 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'ThermalResistance'. ThermalResistanceUnit ThermalResistanceUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'ThermalResistance'. A data representing a boolean number. BooleanData https://www.w3.org/TR/2012/REC-xmlschema11-2-20120405/datatypes.html#boolean BooleanData EquivalentTo: hasDataValue some xsd:boolean A data representing a boolean number. 1.0 0.0 Square metre and cubic Hertz. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit SquareMetreCubicHertz SquareMetreCubicHertz http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M2-HZ3 m2.Hz3 m²⋅Hz³ Square metre and cubic Hertz. 1000000.0 0.0 1,000,000-fold of the derived unit ohm -- QUDT MegaOhm MegaOhm http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MegaOHM MOhm MΩ 1,000,000-fold of the derived unit ohm -- QUDT PlasticModeling PlasticModeling For a closed path, scalar quantity equal to the electric current through any surface bounded by the path. CurrentLinkage CurrentLinkage https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/CurrentLinkage https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77995703 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=121-11-46 6-37.4 For a closed path, scalar quantity equal to the electric current through any surface bounded by the path. Scalar quantity equal to the flux of the electric flux density D through a given directed surface S. ElectricFlux ElectricFlux https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ElectricFlux https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q501267 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=121-11-41 6-17 Scalar quantity equal to the flux of the electric flux density D through a given directed surface S. 1000.0 0.0 SI base unit kilogram divided by the 0.001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT KilogramPerCubicDeciMetre Kilogram Per Cubic Decimetre KilogramPerCubicDeciMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloGM-PER-DeciM3 kg.dm-3 kg/dm³ SI base unit kilogram divided by the 0.001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT Arctan of the loss factor LossAngle LossAngle https://www.qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/LossAngle https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20820438 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=131-12-49 6-55 Arctan of the loss factor Non-SI prefixed units that have been accepted by SI to be used together with the SI system. SIAcceptedPrefixedUnit SIAcceptedPrefixedUnit Non-SI prefixed units that have been accepted by SI to be used together with the SI system. A data representing an integer number < 0. NegativeIntegerData https://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#negativeInteger NegativeIntegerData EquivalentTo: hasDataValue some xsd:negativeInteger A data representing an integer number < 0. A standard 2-manifold with no unconnected boundaries. Sphere Sphere A standard 2-manifold with no unconnected boundaries. A coarse dispersion of liquid in a liquid continuum phase. LiquidLiquidSuspension LiquidLiquidSuspension A coarse dispersion of liquid in a liquid continuum phase. 1e-09 0.0 volume ratio consisting of the 0.000000001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit CubicMilliMetrePerCubicMetre Cubic Millimetre Per Cubic Metre CubicMilliMetrePerCubicMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliM3-PER-M3 mm3.m-3 mm³/m³ volume ratio consisting of the 0.000000001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT 1e-06 0.0 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit watt divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 -- QUDT MicroWattPerSquareMetre Microwatt Per Square Metre MicroWattPerSquareMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroW-PER-M2 uW.m-2 µW/m² 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit watt divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 -- QUDT 1.0 0.0 Joule Per Kelvin (J/K) is a unit in the category of Entropy. It is also known as joules per kelvin, joule/kelvin. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Joule Per Kelvin (J/K) has a dimension of ML²T⁻²Q⁻¹ where M is mass, L is length, T is time, and Q is temperature. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit JoulePerKelvin Joule per Kelvin JoulePerKelvin http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/J-PER-K J.K-1 J/K Joule Per Kelvin (J/K) is a unit in the category of Entropy. It is also known as joules per kelvin, joule/kelvin. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Joule Per Kelvin (J/K) has a dimension of ML²T⁻²Q⁻¹ where M is mass, L is length, T is time, and Q is temperature. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT Metre to the power of five. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit QuinticMetre QuinticMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M5 m⁵ Metre to the power of five. Proportionality constant between the magnetic dipole moment and the angular momentum of the electron. GyromagneticRatioOfTheElectron GyromagneticCoefficientOfTheElectron MagnetogyricRatioOfTheElectron GyromagneticRatioOfTheElectron https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q97543076 10-12.2 Proportionality constant between the magnetic dipole moment and the angular momentum of the electron. Ratio of magnetic dipole moment to total angular momentum. GyromagneticRatio GyromagneticCoefficient MagnetogyricRatio GyromagneticRatio https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/GyromagneticRatio https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q634552 10-12.1 Ratio of magnetic dipole moment to total angular momentum. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.M03693 The frequency standard in the SI system in which the photon absorption by transitions between the two hyperfine ground states of caesium-133 atoms are used to control the output frequency. It defines the base unit second in the SI system. HyperfineTransitionFrequencyOfCs HyperfineTransitionFrequencyOfCs The frequency standard in the SI system in which the photon absorption by transitions between the two hyperfine ground states of caesium-133 atoms are used to control the output frequency. It defines the base unit second in the SI system. number of nucleons in an atomic nucleus NucleonNumber MassNumber NucleonNumber https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/NucleonNumber https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101395 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-05-32 https://dbpedia.org/page/Mass_number 10-1.3 number of nucleons in an atomic nucleus https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_number https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.M03726 Measure of the change of amplitude and phase angle of a plane wave propagating in a given direction. PropagationCoefficient PropagationCoefficient https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/PropagationCoefficient.html https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434913 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=103-10-18 3-26.3 Measure of the change of amplitude and phase angle of a plane wave propagating in a given direction. Atomic quantum number related to the number n−1 of radial nodes of one-electron wave functions. PrincipalQuantumNumber PrincipalQuantumNumber https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/PrincipalQuantumNumber https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q867448 10-13.2 Atomic quantum number related to the number n−1 of radial nodes of one-electron wave functions. 1.0 0.0 "Becquerel per Kilogram" is used to describe radioactivity, which is often expressed in becquerels per unit of volume or weight, to express how much radioactive material is contained in a sample. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit BecquerelPerKilogram http://www.efunda.com/glossary/units/units--specific_radioactivity--becquerel_per_kilogram.cfm Becquerel per Kilogram BecquerelPerKilogram http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/BQ-PER-KiloGM Bq.kg-1 Bq/kg Bq/kg "Becquerel per Kilogram" is used to describe radioactivity, which is often expressed in becquerels per unit of volume or weight, to express how much radioactive material is contained in a sample. -- QUDT 1e-15 0.0 FemtoMole FemtoMole FemtoMole http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/FemtoMOL fmol 1.0 0.0 `Per Second Square Meter` is a measure of flux with dimensions /sec-m². -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit PerSecondSquareMetre ReciprocalSecondSquareMetre PerSecondSquareMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-SEC-M2 /(s1.m2) s-1.m-2 /s⋅m² `Per Second Square Meter` is a measure of flux with dimensions /sec-m². -- QUDT Unit for quantities of dimension one that are the fraction of two pressures. PressureFractionUnit PressureFractionUnit Unit for quantities of dimension one that are the fraction of two pressures. B The symbol that stands for the boron atom. BoronSymbol BoronSymbol The symbol that stands for the boron atom. Flanging Flanging 1.0 0.0 Kilogram metre. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit MetreKilogram MetreKilogram http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M-KiloGM m.kg m⋅kg Kilogram metre. 1000.0 0.0 SI derived unit newton divided by the 0.001-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit NewtonPerMilliMetre Newton Per Millimetre NewtonPerMilliMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/N-PER-MilliM N.mm-1 N/mm SI derived unit newton divided by the 0.001-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT Ratio of the number of dissociated molecules of a specified type to the total number of dissolved molecules of this type. DissociationConstant DissociationConstant https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898254 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-01-10 Ratio of the number of dissociated molecules of a specified type to the total number of dissolved molecules of this type. 1.0 0.0 Per Weber unit. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit PerWeber http://www.iso.org/iso/catalogue_detail?csnumber=31897 ReciprocalWeber PerWeber http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-WB Wb-1 /Wb Per Weber unit. Quotient of Peltier heat power developed at a junction, and the electric current flowing from substance a to substance b. PeltierCoefficient PeltierCoefficient https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/PeltierCoefficient https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105801003 12-22 Quotient of Peltier heat power developed at a junction, and the electric current flowing from substance a to substance b. LiquidPhaseSintering ISO 3252:2019 Powder metallurgy liquid-phase sintering: sintering of a powder or compact containing at least two constituents, under conditions such that a liquid phase is formed LiquidPhaseSintering Measure of the opposition that a circuit presents to a current when a voltage is applied. ElectricImpedance Impedance ElectricImpedance http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Impedance https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179043 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=131-12-43 6-51.1 Measure of the opposition that a circuit presents to a current when a voltage is applied. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_impedance E_0 = m_0 * c_0^2 where m_0 is the rest mass of that particle and c_0 is the speed of light in a vacuum. Product of the rest mass and the square of the speed of light in vacuum. RestEnergy RestEnergy https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11663629 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-03-05 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=881-04-17 10-3 Product of the rest mass and the square of the speed of light in vacuum. E_0 = m_0 * c_0^2 where m_0 is the rest mass of that particle and c_0 is the speed of light in a vacuum. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invariant_mass#Rest_energy 106.42 46 Atom subclass for palladium. PalladiumAtom PalladiumAtom Atom subclass for palladium. 100.0 0.0 SI derived unit Siemens divided by the 0.01-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit SiemensPerCentiMetre Siemens Per Centimetre SiemensPerCentiMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/S-PER-CentiM S.cm-1 S/cm SI derived unit Siemens divided by the 0.01-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT A mixture in which more than one phases of matter cohexists. Phase heterogeneous mixture may share the same state of matter. For example, immiscibile liquid phases (e.g. oil and water) constitute a mixture whose phases are clearly separated but share the same state of matter. PhaseHeterogeneousMixture PhaseHeterogeneousMixture A mixture in which more than one phases of matter cohexists. Phase heterogeneous mixture may share the same state of matter. For example, immiscibile liquid phases (e.g. oil and water) constitute a mixture whose phases are clearly separated but share the same state of matter. Ds The symbol that stands for the darmastadtium atom. DarmastadtiumSymbol DarmastadtiumSymbol The symbol that stands for the darmastadtium atom. at a given point on a two-dimensional domain of quasi-infinitesimal area dA, scalar quantity equal to the mass dm within the domain divided by the area dA, thus ρA = dm/dA. SurfaceMassDensity AreicMass SurfaceDensity SurfaceMassDensity https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1907514 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-03-10 4-5 at a given point on a two-dimensional domain of quasi-infinitesimal area dA, scalar quantity equal to the mass dm within the domain divided by the area dA, thus ρA = dm/dA. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.S06167 Y 1e+24 SI prefix who's value is 1e24. Yotta Yotta SI prefix who's value is 1e24. 100.0 0.0 SI base unit ampere divided by the 0.01-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit AmperePerCentiMetre Ampere Per Centimetre AmperePerCentiMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/A-PER-CentiM A.cm-1 A/cm SI base unit ampere divided by the 0.01-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT A computational application that uses an empiric equation to predict the behaviour of a system without relying on the knowledge of the actual physical phenomena occurring in the object. EmpiricalSimulationSoftware EmpiricalSimulationSoftware A computational application that uses an empiric equation to predict the behaviour of a system without relying on the knowledge of the actual physical phenomena occurring in the object. Heat treatment process that generally produces martensite in the matrix. Hardening Hardening Heat treatment process that generally produces martensite in the matrix. T+4 L-1 M-1 I+2 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'CapacitancePerLength'. CapacitancePerLengthUnit CapacitancePerLengthUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'CapacitancePerLength'. 1e-15 0.0 A FemtoCoulomb is 10⁻¹⁵ C. -- QUDT FemtoCoulomb FemtoCoulomb FemtoCoulomb http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/FemtoC fC fC A FemtoCoulomb is 10⁻¹⁵ C. -- QUDT 1.0 0.0 `Joule Second per Mole` is a unit for 'Molar Angular Momentum' expressed as J s mol⁻¹. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit JouleSecondPerMole Joule Second per Mole JouleSecondPerMole http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/J-SEC-PER-MOL J.s.mol-1 J⋅s/mol `Joule Second per Mole` is a unit for 'Molar Angular Momentum' expressed as J s mol⁻¹. -- QUDT T-1 L+2 M+1 I0 Θ0 N-1 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'EnergyTimePerAmount'. EnergyTimePerAmountUnit EnergyTimePerAmountUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'EnergyTimePerAmount'. 0.001 0.0 0.000001-fold of the SI base unit mol divided by the 0.001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram -- QUDT MicroMolePerGram Micromoles per gram MicroMolePerGram http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroMOL-PER-GM umol.g-1 umol/g µmol/g 0.000001-fold of the SI base unit mol divided by the 0.001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram -- QUDT 0.0001 0.0 "Square Centimeter Second" is a C.G.S System unit for 'Area Time' expressed as cm² . s. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit SquareCentiMetreSecond Square Centimetre Second SquareCentiMetreSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/CentiM2-SEC cm2.s cm²⋅s "Square Centimeter Second" is a C.G.S System unit for 'Area Time' expressed as cm² . s. -- QUDT 0.001 0.0 0.001-fold of the SI derived unit newton -- QUDT MilliNewton MilliNewton http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliN mN mN 0.001-fold of the SI derived unit newton -- QUDT 1e-06 0.0 Although the sievert has the same dimensions as the gray (i.e. joules per kilogram), it measures a different quantity. To avoid any risk of confusion between the absorbed dose and the equivalent dose, the corresponding special units, namely the gray instead of the joule per kilogram for absorbed dose and the sievert instead of the joule per kilogram for the dose equivalent, should be used. 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit sievert. -- QUDT MicroSievert MicroSievert MicroSievert http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroSV uSv µSv Although the sievert has the same dimensions as the gray (i.e. joules per kilogram), it measures a different quantity. To avoid any risk of confusion between the absorbed dose and the equivalent dose, the corresponding special units, namely the gray instead of the joule per kilogram for absorbed dose and the sievert instead of the joule per kilogram for the dose equivalent, should be used. 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit sievert. -- QUDT http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sievert?oldid=495474333 RMS value voltage multiplied by rms value of electric current. ApparentPower ApparentPower https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ApparentPower https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1930258 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=131-11-41 6-57 RMS value voltage multiplied by rms value of electric current. 1.0 0.0 (C/mol) is a unit in the category of Molar electric charge. It is also known as coulombs/mol. Coulomb Per Mol has a dimension of TN{-1}I where T is time, N is amount of substance, and I is electric current. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit CoulombPerMole Coulomb per Mole CoulombPerMole http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/C-PER-MOL C.mol-1 C/mol c/mol (C/mol) is a unit in the category of Molar electric charge. It is also known as coulombs/mol. Coulomb Per Mol has a dimension of TN{-1}I where T is time, N is amount of substance, and I is electric current. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT Gd The symbol that stands for the gadolinium atom. GadoliniumSymbol GadoliniumSymbol The symbol that stands for the gadolinium atom. 18.998403163 9 Atom subclass for fluorine. FluorineAtom FluorineAtom Atom subclass for fluorine. A photometric measure of the luminous intensity per unit area of light travelling in a given direction. Measured in cd/m². Not to confuse with Illuminance, which is measured in lux (cd sr/m²). Luminance Luminance http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Luminance A photometric measure of the luminous intensity per unit area of light travelling in a given direction. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.L03640 0.001 0.0 SI base unit kilogram divided by the 1 000-fold of the SI base unit mol -- QUDT KilogramPerKiloMole Kilogram Per Kilomole KilogramPerKiloMole http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloGM-PER-KiloMOL kg.kmol-1 kg/kmol SI base unit kilogram divided by the 1 000-fold of the SI base unit mol -- QUDT An objective comparative measure of hot or cold. Temperature is a relative quantity that can be used to express temperature differences. Unlike ThermodynamicTemperature, it cannot express absolute temperatures. CelsiusTemperature CelsiusTemperature http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/CelciusTemperature 5-2 An objective comparative measure of hot or cold. Temperature is a relative quantity that can be used to express temperature differences. Unlike ThermodynamicTemperature, it cannot express absolute temperatures. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.T06261 Data that are decoded retaining its continuous variations characteristic. The fact that there may be a finite granularity in the variations of the material basis (e.g. the smallest peak in a vynil that can be recognized by the piezo-electric transducer) does not prevent a data to be analog. It means only that the focus on such data encoding is on a scale that makes such variations negligible, making them practically a continuum. AnalogData A vynil contain continuous information about the recorded sound. AnalogData Data that are decoded retaining its continuous variations characteristic. The fact that there may be a finite granularity in the variations of the material basis (e.g. the smallest peak in a vynil that can be recognized by the piezo-electric transducer) does not prevent a data to be analog. It means only that the focus on such data encoding is on a scale that makes such variations negligible, making them practically a continuum. For metals, the resistivity extrapolated to zero thermodynamic temperature. ResidualResistivity ResidualResistivity https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ResidualResistivity https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25098876 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=815-13-61 12-17 For metals, the resistivity extrapolated to zero thermodynamic temperature. 1.0 0.0 Siemens square metre per mole. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit SiemensSquareMetrePerMole SiemensSquareMetrePerMole http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/S-M2-PER-MOL S.m2.mol-1 S⋅m²/mol Siemens square metre per mole. T+3 L0 M-1 I+2 Θ0 N-1 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'AmountConductivity'. AmountConductivityUnit AmountConductivityUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'AmountConductivity'. CollectiveAgent CollectiveAgent 1.0 0.0 Mole Per Kilogram (mol/kg) is a unit of Molality -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit MolePerKilogram Mole per Kilogram MolePerKilogram http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MOL-PER-KiloGM mol.kg-1 mol/kg mol/kg Mole Per Kilogram (mol/kg) is a unit of Molality -- QUDT 101.07 44 Atom subclass for ruthenium. RutheniumAtom RutheniumAtom Atom subclass for ruthenium. A measuring instrument that can be used alone is a measuring system. Device used for making measurements, alone or in conjunction with one or more supplementary devices. -- VIM MeasuringInstrument MeasuringInstrument Device used for making measurements, alone or in conjunction with one or more supplementary devices. -- VIM measuring instrument Ruby Ruby 100.0 0.0 Hectopascal is a unit of pressure. 1 Pa is approximately the pressure exerted by a 10-g mass resting on a 1-cm2 area. 1013 hPa = 1 atm. There are 100 pascals in 1 hectopascal. -- QUDT HectoPascal HectoPascal http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/HectoPA hPa hPa Hectopascal is a unit of pressure. 1 Pa is approximately the pressure exerted by a 10-g mass resting on a 1-cm2 area. 1013 hPa = 1 atm. There are 100 pascals in 1 hectopascal. -- QUDT 1000.0 0.0 KiloWeber KiloWeber KiloWeber http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloWB kWb In an infinite medium, the quotient of the number of thermal neutrons absorbed in a fissionable nuclide or in a nuclear fuel, as specified, and the total number of thermal neutrons absorbed. ThermalUtilizationFactor ThermalUtilizationFactor https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ThermalUtilizationFactor https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q99197650 10-76 In an infinite medium, the quotient of the number of thermal neutrons absorbed in a fissionable nuclide or in a nuclear fuel, as specified, and the total number of thermal neutrons absorbed. Energy of the electron in a hydrogen atom in its ground state HartreeEnergy HartreeEnergy https://qudt.org/vocab/unit/E_h.html https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q476572 https://dbpedia.org/page/Hartree 10-8 Energy of the electron in a hydrogen atom in its ground state https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hartree https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.H02748 Cn The symbol that stands for the copernicium atom. CoperniciumSymbol CoperniciumSymbol The symbol that stands for the copernicium atom. StaticFrictionCoefficient CoefficientOfStaticFriction StaticFrictionFactor StaticFrictionCoefficient https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73695673 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-03-33 4-23.1 Vector whose scalar products with all fundamental lattice vectors are integral multiples of 2pi. AngularReciprocalLatticeVector AngularReciprocalLatticeVector https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/AngularReciprocalLatticeVector https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105475278 12-2.1 Vector whose scalar products with all fundamental lattice vectors are integral multiples of 2pi. A type of sol in the form of one solid dispersed in another continuous solid. SolidSol SolidSol A type of sol in the form of one solid dispersed in another continuous solid. 1.0 0.0 Newton per cubic metre. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit NewtonPerCubicMetre NewtonPerCubicMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/N-PER-M3 N.m-3 N/m³ Newton per cubic metre. 1.0 0.0 Kilogram Per Meter (kg/m) is a unit in the category of Linear mass density. It is also known as kilogram/meter, kilogram/metre, kilograms per meter, kilogram per metre, kilograms per metre. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Kilogram Per Meter (kg/m) has a dimension of ML-1 where M is mass, and L is length. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT KilogramPerMetre Kilogram per Metre KilogramPerMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloGM-PER-M kg.m-1 kg/m kg/m Kilogram Per Meter (kg/m) is a unit in the category of Linear mass density. It is also known as kilogram/meter, kilogram/metre, kilograms per meter, kilogram per metre, kilograms per metre. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Kilogram Per Meter (kg/m) has a dimension of ML-1 where M is mass, and L is length. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT Vector potential of the magnetic flux density. MagneticVectorPotential MagneticVectorPotential https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MagneticVectorPotential https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2299100 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=121-11-23 6-32 Vector potential of the magnetic flux density. A computer language used to describe simulations. SimulationLanguage SimulationLanguage A computer language used to describe simulations. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simulation_language 1000.0 0.0 A kiloampere is 1000 A KiloAmpere kiloampere KiloAmpere http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloA kA kA A kiloampere is 1000 A 1e-12 0.0 0.000000000001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT NanoGramPerCubicMetre Nanogram Per Cubic Metre NanoGramPerCubicMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/NanoGM-PER-M3 ng.m-3 ng/m³ 0.000000000001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT 1.0 0.0 "Per Cubic Meter" is a denominator unit with dimensions /m³. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit PerCubicMetre Reciprocal Cubic Metre PerCubicMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-M3 /m3 m-3 /m³ "Per Cubic Meter" is a denominator unit with dimensions /m³. -- QUDT An expression that provides information about the element types that constiture a molecule or a molecular substance and their number. MolecularFormula Hydrogen peroxide is H2O2 MolecularFormula An expression that provides information about the element types that constiture a molecule or a molecular substance and their number. A scientific theory is a description, objective and observed, produced with scientific methodology. ScientificTheory ScientificTheory A scientific theory is a description, objective and observed, produced with scientific methodology. ChipboardManufacturing ChipboardManufacturing 0.001 0.0 Unavailable. -- QUDT MilliMolePerSquareMetre Millimoles per square metre MilliMolePerSquareMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliMOL-PER-M2 mmol.m-2 mmol/m² Unavailable. -- QUDT IUPACName IUPACName T+1 L+2 M0 I0 Θ+1 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'AreaTimeTemperature'. AreaTimeTemperatureUnit AreaTimeTemperatureUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'AreaTimeTemperature'. 1.0 0.0 Thermal resistance is a heat property and a measure of a temperature difference by which an object or material resists a heat flow (heat per time unit or thermal resistance). Thermal resistance is the reciprocal thermal conductance. Absolute thermal resistance is the temperature difference across a structure when a unit of heat energy flows through it in unit time. It is the reciprocal of thermal conductance. The SI units of thermal resistance are kelvins per watt or the equivalent degrees Celsius per watt (the two are the same since as intervals). -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit KelvinPerWatt Kelvin per Watt KelvinPerWatt http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/K-PER-W K.W-1 K/W K/W Thermal resistance is a heat property and a measure of a temperature difference by which an object or material resists a heat flow (heat per time unit or thermal resistance). Thermal resistance is the reciprocal thermal conductance. Absolute thermal resistance is the temperature difference across a structure when a unit of heat energy flows through it in unit time. It is the reciprocal of thermal conductance. The SI units of thermal resistance are kelvins per watt or the equivalent degrees Celsius per watt (the two are the same since as intervals). -- QUDT 0.001 0.0 A milliwatt 0.01 N. MilliWatt milliwatt MilliWatt http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliW mW mW A milliwatt 0.01 N. 0.001 0.0 0.001-fold of the SI derived unit sievert -- QUDT MilliSievert MilliSievert http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliSV mSv mSv 0.001-fold of the SI derived unit sievert -- QUDT T-3 L-3 M+1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'PowerPerAreaVolume'. PowerPerAreaVolumeUnit PowerPerAreaVolumeUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'PowerPerAreaVolume'. Re The symbol that stands for the rhenium atom. RheniumSymbol RheniumSymbol The symbol that stands for the rhenium atom. 10.0 0.0 0,001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the 0.0001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre and exponent 2 -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit GramPerSquareCentiMetre Gram Per Square Centimetre GramPerSquareCentiMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/GM-PER-CentiM2 g.cm-2 g/cm2 g/cm² 0,001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the 0.0001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre and exponent 2 -- QUDT 1e-06 0.0 MicroAmpere microampere MicroAmpere http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroA uA µA 1e-06 0.0 0.000001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram -- QUDT MilliGram MilliGram http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliGM mg mg 0.000001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram -- QUDT Vector quantity equal to the product of the magnetization M and the magnetic constant μ0. MagneticPolarisation MagneticPolarisation https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MagneticPolarization https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856711 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=121-11-54 6-29 Vector quantity equal to the product of the magnetization M and the magnetic constant μ0. 1000000.0 0.0 1,000,000-fold of the SI derived unit siemens divided by the SI base unit metre -- QUDT MegaSiemensPerMetre Megasiemens Per Metre MegaSiemensPerMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MegaS-PER-M MS.m-1 MS/m 1,000,000-fold of the SI derived unit siemens divided by the SI base unit metre -- QUDT 69.723 31 Atom subclass for gallium. GalliumAtom GalliumAtom Atom subclass for gallium. Tm The symbol that stands for the thulium atom. ThuliumSymbol ThuliumSymbol The symbol that stands for the thulium atom. In nuclear physics, incident radiant energy per cross-sectional area. EnergyFluence EnergyFluence https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/EnergyFluence https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98538612 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=395-01-17 10-46 In nuclear physics, incident radiant energy per cross-sectional area. The rest mass of an electron. ElectronMass ElectronMass http://qudt.org/vocab/constant/ElectronMass https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.E02008 1.0 0.0 SI base unit kilogram divided by the product of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 and the SI base unit second -- QUDT KilogramPerSecondPerSquareMetre Kilogram Per Second Per Square Metre KilogramPerSecondPerSquareMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloGM-PER-SEC-M2 kg.(s.m2)-1 kg.s-1.m-2 kg/(s.m2) kg/(s⋅m²) SI base unit kilogram divided by the product of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 and the SI base unit second -- QUDT Smoke is a solid aerosol made of particles emitted when a material undergoes combustion or pyrolysis. Smoke Smoke Smoke is a solid aerosol made of particles emitted when a material undergoes combustion or pyrolysis. 1e-06 0.0 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit ohm -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit MicroOhm MicroOhm http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroOHM uOhm μΩ 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit ohm -- QUDT Ho The symbol that stands for the holmium atom. HolmiumSymbol HolmiumSymbol The symbol that stands for the holmium atom. 1.0 0.0 Kilogram Per Square Meter (kg/m2) is a unit in the category of Surface density. It is also known as kilograms per square meter, kilogram per square metre, kilograms per square metre, kilogram/square meter, kilogram/square metre. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Kilogram Per Square Meter (kg/m2) has a dimension of ML-2 where M is mass, and L is length. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT KilogramPerSquareMetre Kilogram per Square Metre KilogramPerSquareMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloGM-PER-M2 kg.m-2 kg/m2 kg/m² Kilogram Per Square Meter (kg/m2) is a unit in the category of Surface density. It is also known as kilograms per square meter, kilogram per square metre, kilograms per square metre, kilogram/square meter, kilogram/square metre. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Kilogram Per Square Meter (kg/m2) has a dimension of ML-2 where M is mass, and L is length. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT T+1 L+1 M0 I+1 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'LengthTimeCurrent'. LengthTimeCurrentUnit LengthTimeCurrentUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'LengthTimeCurrent'. The DBpedia and UIPAC Gold Book definitions (http://dbpedia.org/page/Vacuum_permeability, https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.P04504) are outdated since May 20, 2019. It is now a measured constant. The value of magnetic permeability in a classical vacuum. VacuumMagneticPermeability PermeabilityOfVacuum VacuumMagneticPermeability http://qudt.org/vocab/constant/ElectromagneticPermeabilityOfVacuum 6-26.1 The value of magnetic permeability in a classical vacuum. 1e-24 0.0 A YoctoCoulomb is 10⁻²⁴ C. -- QUDT YoctoCoulomb YoctoCoulomb YoctoCoulomb http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/YoctoC yC yC A YoctoCoulomb is 10⁻²⁴ C. -- QUDT Ni The symbol that stands for the nickel atom. NickelSymbol NickelSymbol The symbol that stands for the nickel atom. 0.1 0.0 A customary logarithmic measure most commonly used (in various ways) for measuring sound.Sound is measured on a logarithmic scale. Informally, if one sound is 1 bel (10 decibels) "louder" than another, this means the louder sound is 10 times louder than the fainter one. A difference of 20 decibels corresponds to an increase of 10 x 10 or 100 times in intensity. The beginning of the scale, 0 decibels, can be set in different ways, depending on exactly the aspect of sound being measured. For sound intensity (the power of the sound waves per unit of area) 0 decibel is equal to 1 picoWatts per Metre Squared. This corresponds approximately to the faintest sound that can be detected by a person who has good hearing. For sound pressure (the pressure exerted by the sound waves) 0 decibels equals 20 micropascals RMS, and for sound power 0 decibels sometimes equals 1 picoWatt. In all cases, one decibel equals ≈ 0.115129 neper. -- QUDT DeciBel DeciBel http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/DeciB dB dB A customary logarithmic measure most commonly used (in various ways) for measuring sound.Sound is measured on a logarithmic scale. Informally, if one sound is 1 bel (10 decibels) "louder" than another, this means the louder sound is 10 times louder than the fainter one. A difference of 20 decibels corresponds to an increase of 10 x 10 or 100 times in intensity. The beginning of the scale, 0 decibels, can be set in different ways, depending on exactly the aspect of sound being measured. For sound intensity (the power of the sound waves per unit of area) 0 decibel is equal to 1 picoWatts per Metre Squared. This corresponds approximately to the faintest sound that can be detected by a person who has good hearing. For sound pressure (the pressure exerted by the sound waves) 0 decibels equals 20 micropascals RMS, and for sound power 0 decibels sometimes equals 1 picoWatt. In all cases, one decibel equals ≈ 0.115129 neper. -- QUDT http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decibel?oldid=495380648 T+4 L-2 M-1 I+1 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'JosephsonConstant'. JosephsonConstantUnit JosephsonConstantUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'JosephsonConstant'. A positive charged subatomic particle found in the atomic nucleus. Proton Proton A positive charged subatomic particle found in the atomic nucleus. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton Measure of voltage induced by change of temperature. SeebeckCoefficient SeebeckCoefficient https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/SeebeckCoefficient https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1091448 12-21 Measure of voltage induced by change of temperature. A process that has no identifiable agent driving its occurence. SpontaneousProcess NaturalProcess SpontaneousProcess A process that has no identifiable agent driving its occurence. Es The symbol that stands for the einsteinium atom. EinsteiniumSymbol EinsteiniumSymbol The symbol that stands for the einsteinium atom. 39.948 18 Atom subclass for argon. ArgonAtom ArgonAtom Atom subclass for argon. A foam of trapped gas in a solid. SolidFoam Aerogel SolidFoam A foam of trapped gas in a solid. T 1000000000000.0 SI prefix who's value is 1e12. Tera Tera SI prefix who's value is 1e12. 1e-09 0.0 0.000000001-fold of the SI derived unit farad divided by the SI base unit metre -- QUDT NanoFaradPerMetre Nanofarad Per Metre NanoFaradPerMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/NanoFARAD-PER-M nF.m-1 nF/m 0.000000001-fold of the SI derived unit farad divided by the SI base unit metre -- QUDT In condensed matter physics, position vector of an atom or ion in equilibrium. EquilibriumPositionVector EquilibriumPositionVector https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/EquilibriumPositionVectorOfIon https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105533477 12-7.2 In condensed matter physics, position vector of an atom or ion in equilibrium. 1.0 0.0 Per metre and steradian. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit PerMetreSteradian ReciprocalMetreSteradian PerMetreSteradian http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-M-SR m-1.sr-1 /(m⋅sr) Per metre and steradian. 1000.0 0.0 product of the 1 000-fold of the SI derived unit hertz and the SI base unit metre -- QUDT KiloHertzMetre Kilohertz Metre KiloHertzMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloHZ-M kHz.m kHz⋅m product of the 1 000-fold of the SI derived unit hertz and the SI base unit metre -- QUDT 1.0 0.0 Kelvin Pascal per second. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit KelvinPascalPerSecond KelvinPascalPerSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/K-PA-PER-SEC K.Pa.s-1 K⋅Pa/s Kelvin Pascal per second. InspectionDevice InspectionDevice La The symbol that stands for the lanthanum atom. LanthanumSymbol LanthanumSymbol The symbol that stands for the lanthanum atom. 1.0 0.0 The SI unit of volume, equal to 1.0e6 cm3, 1000 liters, 35.3147 ft3, or 1.30795 yd3. A cubic meter holds about 264.17 U.S. liquid gallons or 219.99 British Imperial gallons. -- QUDT CubicMetre CubicMetre MTQ http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M3 http://www.ontology-of-units-of-measure.org/resource/om-2/cubicMetre m3 http://dbpedia.org/resource/Cubic_metre m³ The SI unit of volume, equal to 1.0e6 cm3, 1000 liters, 35.3147 ft3, or 1.30795 yd3. A cubic meter holds about 264.17 U.S. liquid gallons or 219.99 British Imperial gallons. -- QUDT http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cubic_metre?oldid=490956678 The simplest 2-manifold with genus 1. Torus Torus The simplest 2-manifold with genus 1. 1e-06 0.0 0.000001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the SI base unit metre -- QUDT MilliGramPerMetre Milligram Per Metre MilliGramPerMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliGM-PER-M mg.m-1 mg/m 0.000001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the SI base unit metre -- QUDT 0.001 0.0 0.001-fold of the SI derived unit newton divided by the SI base unit metre -- QUDT MilliNewtonPerMetre Millinewton Per Metre MilliNewtonPerMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliN-PER-M mN.m-1 mN/m 0.001-fold of the SI derived unit newton divided by the SI base unit metre -- QUDT In nuclear physics, quotient of the reduced Planck constant and the mean duration of life of an unstable particle or an excited state. LevelWidth LevelWidth https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/LevelWidth https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98082340 10-26 In nuclear physics, quotient of the reduced Planck constant and the mean duration of life of an unstable particle or an excited state. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.L03507 Ratio of transverse strain to axial strain. PoissonNumber PoissonsRatio PoissonNumber https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190453 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-03-61 4-18 Ratio of transverse strain to axial strain. quotient of the amount of substance nB of solute B by the mass m of the solvent: bB = nB / m. Molality AmountPerMass Molality https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172623 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-01-19 9-15 quotient of the amount of substance nB of solute B by the mass m of the solvent: bB = nB / m. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.M03970 1e-18 0.0 An AttoColomb is 10⁻¹⁸ C. -- QUDT AttoCoulomb AttoCoulomb AttoCoulomb http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/AttoC aC aC An AttoColomb is 10⁻¹⁸ C. -- QUDT 74.921595 33 Atom subclass for arsenic. ArsenicAtom ArsenicAtom Atom subclass for arsenic. Continuous or stepwise pressure forming with one or more rotating tools (rollers), without or with additional tools, e.g. plugs or mandrels, rods, guide tools Rolling Walzen Rolling 1e-06 0.0 0.000001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT MilliGramPerCubicMetre Milligram Per Cubic Metre MilliGramPerCubicMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliGM-PER-M3 mg.m-3 mg/m3 mg/m³ 0.000001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT Quotient of the mean rate of production of particles in a volume, and that volume. ParticleSourceDensity ParticleSourceDensity https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ParticleSourceDensity https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98915762 10-66 Quotient of the mean rate of production of particles in a volume, and that volume. Md The symbol that stands for the mendelevium atom. MendeleviumSymbol MendeleviumSymbol The symbol that stands for the mendelevium atom. Radius of the electron orbital in the hydrogen atom in its ground state in the Bohr model of the atom. BohrRadius BohrRadius https://qudt.org/vocab/constant/BohrRadius https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q652571 10-6 Radius of the electron orbital in the hydrogen atom in its ground state in the Bohr model of the atom. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.B00693 MaterialRelationComputation MaterialRelationComputation 1e-18 0.0 0,000 000 000 000 000 001-fold of the derived SI unit joule -- QUDT AttoJoule AttoJoule http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/AttoJ aJ aJ 0,000 000 000 000 000 001-fold of the derived SI unit joule -- QUDT Square root of the migration area, M^2. MigrationLength MigrationLength https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MigrationLength https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98998318 10-73.3 Square root of the migration area, M^2. Quantity of dimension 1 equal to u/(1 + u), where u is mass ratio of water to dry matter. MassFractionOfWater MassFractionOfWater https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MassFractionOfWater https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76379025 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-04-63 5-31 Quantity of dimension 1 equal to u/(1 + u), where u is mass ratio of water to dry matter. Mass of a constituent divided by the total mass of all constituents in the mixture. MassFraction MassFraction http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MassFraction 9-11 Mass of a constituent divided by the total mass of all constituents in the mixture. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.M03722 1.0 0.0 Newton metre seconds measured per radian -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit NewtonMetreSecondPerRadian Newton metre seconds per radian NewtonMetreSecondPerRadian http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/N-M-SEC-PER-RAD N⋅m⋅s/rad Newton metre seconds measured per radian -- QUDT PermanentLiquidPhaseSintering PermanentLiquidPhaseSintering Process for joining two (base) materials by means of an adhesive polymer material Gluing Kleben Gluing 1e-06 0.0 The SI derived unit for inductance is the henry. 1 henry is equal to 1000000 microhenry. -- QUDT MicroHenry MicroHenry http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroH uH µH The SI derived unit for inductance is the henry. 1 henry is equal to 1000000 microhenry. -- QUDT Extent of an object in space. Volume Volume http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Volume https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39297 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=102-04-40 https://dbpedia.org/page/Volume 3-4 Extent of an object in space. DataByNature DataByNature Quantum number of an atom describing the inclination of the nuclear spin with respect to a quantization axis given by the magnetic field produced by the orbital electrons. HyperfineStructureQuantumNumber HyperfineStructureQuantumNumber https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/HyperfineStructureQuantumNumber https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q97577449 10-13.8 Quantum number of an atom describing the inclination of the nuclear spin with respect to a quantization axis given by the magnetic field produced by the orbital electrons. Heat capacity at constant pressure. IsobaricHeatCapacity HeatCapacityAtConstantPressure IsobaricHeatCapacity https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q112187490 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-04-49 5-16.2 Heat capacity at constant pressure. Quantity wd = 1 − wH2O, where wH2O is mass fraction of water. MassFractionOfDryMatter MassFractionOfDryMatter https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MassFractionOfDryMatter https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76379189 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-04-64 5-32 Quantity wd = 1 − wH2O, where wH2O is mass fraction of water. 138.90547 57 Atom subclass for lanthanum. LanthanumAtom LanthanumAtom Atom subclass for lanthanum. An elementary charged fermionic particle that belongs to the first generation of the lepton particle family. ElementaryElectron ElementaryElectron An elementary charged fermionic particle that belongs to the first generation of the lepton particle family. 1e-12 0.0 PicoMolePerKilogram Picomoles per kilogram PicoMolePerKilogram http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PicoMOL-PER-KiloGM pmol.kg-1 pmol/kg 0.001 0.0 Unavailable. -- QUDT MilliMolePerCubicMetre Millimoles per cubic metre MilliMolePerCubicMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliMOL-PER-M3 mmol.m-3 mmol/m³ Unavailable. -- QUDT No The symbol that stands for the nobelium atom. NobeliumSymbol NobeliumSymbol The symbol that stands for the nobelium atom. The amount of a constituent divided by the total amount of all constituents in a mixture. AmountFraction MoleFraction AmountFraction http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MoleFraction The amount of a constituent divided by the total amount of all constituents in a mixture. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.A00296 A structured collection of data held in a computer system that has a well-defined interface. Database - A database covering nine million chemical compositions. - A thermodynamic database. Database A structured collection of data held in a computer system that has a well-defined interface. 44.955908 21 Atom subclass for scandium. ScandiumAtom ScandiumAtom Atom subclass for scandium. unit with the name Degree Celsius divided by the SI base unit kelvin -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit DegreeCelsiusPerKelvin Degree Celsius Per Kelvin DegreeCelsiusPerKelvin http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/DEG_C-PER-K Cel.K-1 Cel/K °C/K unit with the name Degree Celsius divided by the SI base unit kelvin -- QUDT Factor taking into account health effects in the determination of the dose equivalent. DoseEquivalentQualityFactor DoseEquivalentQualityFactor https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/DoseEquivalentQualityFactor https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2122099 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=881-14-03 10-82 Factor taking into account health effects in the determination of the dose equivalent. `Degree Celsius per Second` is a unit for 'Temperature Per Time' expressed as degC / s. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit DegreeCelsiusPerSecond Degree Celsius per Second DegreeCelsiusPerSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/DEG_C-PER-SEC Cel.s-1 Cel/s °C/s `Degree Celsius per Second` is a unit for 'Temperature Per Time' expressed as degC / s. -- QUDT Describes the effect that changing the volume of a crystal lattice has on its vibrational properties, and, as a consequence, the effect that changing temperature has on the size or dynamics of the lattice. GrueneisenParamter GrueneisenParamter https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q444656 12-14 Describes the effect that changing the volume of a crystal lattice has on its vibrational properties, and, as a consequence, the effect that changing temperature has on the size or dynamics of the lattice. 1e-15 0.0 A 10**15 part quantity of substance of the measurand per kilogram mass of matrix. -- QUDT FemtoMolePerKilogram Femtomoles per kilogram FemtoMolePerKilogram http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/FemtoMOL-PER-KiloGM fmol.kg-1 fmol/kg A 10**15 part quantity of substance of the measurand per kilogram mass of matrix. -- QUDT A constitutive process is a process that is holistically relevant for the definition of the whole. A process which is an holistic spatial part of an object. ConstitutiveProcess Blood circulation in a human body. ConstitutiveProcess A process which is an holistic spatial part of an object. A constitutive process is a process that is holistically relevant for the definition of the whole. A 2-manifold with one unconnected boundary and one "face". MobiusStrip MobiusStrip A 2-manifold with one unconnected boundary and one "face". Number of holes in valence band per volume. HoleDensity HoleDensity https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/HoleDensity https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105971101 12-29.2 Number of holes in valence band per volume. 140.90766 59 Atom subclass for praseodymium. PraseodymiumAtom PraseodymiumAtom Atom subclass for praseodymium. 83.798 36 Atom subclass for krypton. KryptonAtom KryptonAtom Atom subclass for krypton. Resonance in a nuclear reaction, determined by the kinetic energy of an incident particle in the reference frame of the target particle. ResonanceEnergy ResonanceEnergy https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ResonanceEnergy https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98165187 10-37.2 Resonance in a nuclear reaction, determined by the kinetic energy of an incident particle in the reference frame of the target particle. 88.90584 39 Atom subclass for yttrium. YttriumAtom YttriumAtom Atom subclass for yttrium. 1.0 0.0 Square metre per Hertz. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit SquareMetrePerHertz SquareMetrePerHertz http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M2-PER-HZ m2.Hz-1 m²/Hz Square metre per Hertz. 0.001 0.0 MilliRadian milliradian MilliRadian http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliRAD mrad mrad A boson with spin of 1 that carries electromagnetism. ElementaryPhoton ElementaryPhoton A boson with spin of 1 that carries electromagnetism. `Gram Degree Celsius` is a C.G.S System unit for 'Mass Temperature' expressed as g · degC. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit GramDegreeCelsius Gram Degree Celsius GramDegreeCelsius http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/GM-PER-DEG_C d.Cel-1 g/°C `Gram Degree Celsius` is a C.G.S System unit for 'Mass Temperature' expressed as g · degC. -- QUDT C C 1.0 0.0 Moles per square metre and second and metre. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit MolePerSquareMetrePerSecondPerMetre MolePerSquareMetrePerSecondPerMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MOL-PER-M2-SEC-M mol.m-2.s-1.m-1 mol/(m²⋅s⋅m) Moles per square metre and second and metre. Dimensionless parameter to quantify fluid resistance. DragCoefficient DragFactor DragCoefficient https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/DragCoefficient https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1778961 4-23.4 Dimensionless parameter to quantify fluid resistance. Pd The symbol that stands for the palladium atom. PalladiumSymbol PalladiumSymbol The symbol that stands for the palladium atom. 1.0 0.0 Per Pascal and Second. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit PerPascalSecond PerPascalSecond PerPascalSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-PA-SEC Pa-1.s-1 /(Pa⋅s) Per Pascal and Second. Ta The symbol that stands for the tantalum atom. TantalumSymbol TantalumSymbol The symbol that stands for the tantalum atom. ThermomechanicalTreatment ThermomechanicalTreatment Nailing is joining by hammering or pressing nails (wire pins) as auxiliary parts into the solid material. Several parts are joined by pressing them together (from: DIN 8593 part 3/09.85). Nailing Nageln Nailing A tessellation of temporal slices. TemporalSequence Sequence TemporalSequence https://raw.githubusercontent.com/emmo-repo/EMMO/1.0.0-rc3/doc/figs/Sequence.png A tessellation of temporal slices. Proportionality constant between the particle current density J and the gradient of the particle fluence rate. DiffusionCoefficientForFluenceRate DiffusionCoefficientForFluenceRate https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/DiffusionCoefficientForFluenceRate https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98876254 10-65 Proportionality constant between the particle current density J and the gradient of the particle fluence rate. A workflow can be seen as a direct acyclic graph, whose nodes are tasks and edges are asymmetric causal relations. A parallel graph occurs when the topological order of such graph if not unique, meaning that there is at least one portion of the workflow in which at least two tasks are running concurrently. Concurrent tasks may or may not communicate. Communication is represented as a symmetric causality relation, superimposing the direct acyclic graph structure of the workflow. A workflow with some tasks running concurrently. ParallelWorkflow ParallelWorkflow https://w3id.org/emmo/raw/1.0.0-rc3/doc/figs/ParallelWorkflow.png A workflow can be seen as a direct acyclic graph, whose nodes are tasks and edges are asymmetric causal relations. A parallel graph occurs when the topological order of such graph if not unique, meaning that there is at least one portion of the workflow in which at least two tasks are running concurrently. Concurrent tasks may or may not communicate. Communication is represented as a symmetric causality relation, superimposing the direct acyclic graph structure of the workflow. A workflow with some tasks running concurrently. 1e-06 0.0 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit siemens -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit MicroSiemens MicroSiemens http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroS uS μS 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit siemens -- QUDT 293.204 116 Atom subclass for livermorium. LivermoriumAtom LivermoriumAtom Atom subclass for livermorium. 1.0 0.0 Joule per kilogram and Kelvin and cubic metre. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit JoulePerKilogramKelvinCubicMetre JoulePerKilogramKelvinCubicMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/J-PER-KiloGM-K-M3 J.kg-1.K.m-3 J/(kg⋅K⋅m³) Joule per kilogram and Kelvin and cubic metre. Difference between equilibrium and initial amount of a substance, divided by its stoichiometric number. ExtentOfReaction ExtentOfReaction https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ExtentOfReaction https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899046 9-31 Difference between equilibrium and initial amount of a substance, divided by its stoichiometric number. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.E02283 ProceduralData ProceduralData A construction language used to make queries in databases and information systems. QueryLanguage SQL, SPARQL QueryLanguage A construction language used to make queries in databases and information systems. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Query_language 1.0 0.0 SI unit of quantity of matter per SI unit area. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit MolePerSquareMetre Moles per square metre MolePerSquareMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MOL-PER-M2 mol.m-2 mol/m² SI unit of quantity of matter per SI unit area. -- QUDT Magnetic tension divided by magnetic flux. MagneticReluctance Reluctance MagneticReluctance https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Reluctance https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q863390 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=131-12-28 6-39 Magnetic tension divided by magnetic flux. 1.0 0.0 Per steradian. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit PerSteradian ReciprocalSteradian PerSteradian http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-SR sr-1 /sr Per steradian. Number of turns in a winding. NumberOfTurnsInAWinding NumberOfTurnsInAWinding https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77995997 6-38 Number of turns in a winding. 1000000.0 0.0 1,000,000-fold of the product of the SI derived unit newton and the SI base unit metre -- QUDT MegaNewtonMetre Meganewton Metre MegaNewtonMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MegaN-M MN.m MN⋅m 1,000,000-fold of the product of the SI derived unit newton and the SI base unit metre -- QUDT A 2-manifold with one unconnected boundary and two "faces". Cylinder Cylinder A 2-manifold with one unconnected boundary and two "faces". Matter composed of both matter and antimatter fundamental particles. HybridMatter HybridMatter Matter composed of both matter and antimatter fundamental particles. A suspension of fine particles in the atmosphere. Dust Dust A suspension of fine particles in the atmosphere. A function solution of a physics equation that provides a methods for the prediction of some quantitiative properties of an object. This must be a mathematical function v(t), x(t). A dataset as solution is a conventional sign. PhysicsEquationSolution A parabolic function is a prediction of the trajectory of a falling object in a gravitational field. While it has predictive capabilities it lacks of an analogical character, since it does not show the law behind that trajectory. PhysicsEquationSolution A function solution of a physics equation that provides a methods for the prediction of some quantitiative properties of an object. 102.9055 45 Atom subclass for rhodium. RhodiumAtom RhodiumAtom Atom subclass for rhodium. T+1 L0 M-1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'MechanicalMobility'. MechanicalMobilityUnit MechanicalMobilityUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'MechanicalMobility'. TransferMolding TransferMolding FiberboardManufacturing FiberboardManufacturing A fluid in which a gas is ionized to a level where its electrical conductivity allows long-range electric and magnetic fields to dominate its behaviour. Plasma Plasma A fluid in which a gas is ionized to a level where its electrical conductivity allows long-range electric and magnetic fields to dominate its behaviour. da 10.0 SI prefix who's value is 10. Deca Deka Deca SI prefix who's value is 10. Disintegrations per unit time dN/dt for an atomic nucleus divided by the number of nuclei N existing at the same time t. DecayConstant DisintegrationConstant DecayConstant https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/DecayConstant https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11477200 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=395-01-11 10-24 Disintegrations per unit time dN/dt for an atomic nucleus divided by the number of nuclei N existing at the same time t. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.D01538 1000000.0 0.0 SI derived unit volt divided by the 0.000001-fold of the SI base unit second -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit VoltPerMicroSecond Volt Per Microsecond VoltPerMicroSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/V-PER-MicroSEC V.us-1 V/µs SI derived unit volt divided by the 0.000001-fold of the SI base unit second -- QUDT 32.06 16 Atom subclass for sulfur. SulfurAtom SulfurAtom Atom subclass for sulfur. r 1e-27 SI prefix who's value is 1e-27. Ronto Ronto SI prefix who's value is 1e-27. Se The symbol that stands for the selenium atom. SeleniumSymbol SeleniumSymbol The symbol that stands for the selenium atom. 57.29578 0.0 A measure used to express how a current is subject to temperature. Originally used in Wien's Law to describe phenomena related to filaments. One use today is to express how a current generator derates with temperature. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit AmperePerDegreeCelsius http://web.mit.edu/course/21/21.guide/use-tab.htm Ampere per Degree Celsius AmperePerDegreeCelsius http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/A-PER-DEG_C A.Cel-1 A/Cel A/°C A measure used to express how a current is subject to temperature. Originally used in Wien's Law to describe phenomena related to filaments. One use today is to express how a current generator derates with temperature. -- QUDT FormingFromIonised FormingFromIonised A language used to describe what a computer system should do. SpecificationLanguage ACSL, VDM, LOTUS, MML, ... SpecificationLanguage A language used to describe what a computer system should do. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specification_language 1e-15 0.0 0.000000000001-fold of the SI derived unit pascal divided by the 1 000-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT PicoPascalPerKiloMetre Picopascal Per Kilometre PicoPascalPerKiloMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PicoPA-PER-KiloM pPa.km-1 pPa/km 0.000000000001-fold of the SI derived unit pascal divided by the 1 000-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT 0.1 0.0 SquareCentiMetrePerGram SquareCentiMetrePerGram 1000000.0 0.0 1,000,000-fold of the derived unit volt -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit MegaVolt MegaVolt http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MegaV MV MV 1,000,000-fold of the derived unit volt -- QUDT As The symbol that stands for the arsenic atom. ArsenicSymbol ArsenicSymbol The symbol that stands for the arsenic atom. Ratio of specific heat capacity at constant pressure cp to specific heat capacity at constant volume cV, thus γ = cp/cV. RatioOfSpecificHeatCapacities RatioOfSpecificHeatCapacities https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/HeatCapacityRatio https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q503869 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-04-51 5-17.1 Ratio of specific heat capacity at constant pressure cp to specific heat capacity at constant volume cV, thus γ = cp/cV. 1.0 0.0 `Kelvin per Second` is a unit for 'Temperature Per Time' expressed as K / s. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit KelvinPerSecond Kelvin per Second KelvinPerSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/K-PER-SEC K.s-1 K/s K/s `Kelvin per Second` is a unit for 'Temperature Per Time' expressed as K / s. -- QUDT A construct of two or more mathematical symbols. MathematicalConstruct MathematicalConstruct A construct of two or more mathematical symbols. 1000000000.0 0.0 Watt per square metre and nanometre. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit WattPerSquareMetrePerNanoMetre WattPerSquareMetrePerNanoMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/W-PER-M2-NanoM W.m-2.nm-1 W/m²⋅nm Watt per square metre and nanometre. Measure of how resistant to compressibility a substance is. ModulusOfCompression BulkModulus ModulusOfCompression https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/BulkModulus https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q900371 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-03-69 4-19.3 Measure of how resistant to compressibility a substance is. Quotient of relative mass excess and the nucleon number. PackingFraction PackingFraction https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/PackingFraction https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98058276 10-23.1 Quotient of relative mass excess and the nucleon number. 1.0 0.0 Kilogram Per Second (kg/s) is a unit in the category of Mass flow rate. It is also known as kilogram/second, kilograms per second. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Kilogram Per Second (kg/s) has a dimension of MT⁻¹ where M is mass, and T is time. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT KilogramPerSecond Kilogram per Second KilogramPerSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloGM-PER-SEC kg.s-1 kg/s kg/s Kilogram Per Second (kg/s) is a unit in the category of Mass flow rate. It is also known as kilogram/second, kilograms per second. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Kilogram Per Second (kg/s) has a dimension of MT⁻¹ where M is mass, and T is time. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT A meson with spin two. TensorMeson TensorMeson A meson with spin two. Rb The symbol that stands for the rubidium atom. RubidiumSymbol RubidiumSymbol The symbol that stands for the rubidium atom. T-4 L+3 M+1 I-2 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'InversePermittivity'. InversePermittivityUnit InversePermittivityUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'InversePermittivity'. 270.133 107 Atom subclass for bohrium. BohriumAtom BohriumAtom Atom subclass for bohrium. FunctionallyDefinedMaterial FunctionallyDefinedMaterial 1.0 0.0 Per square second. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit PerSquareSecond ReciprocalSquareSecond PerSquareSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-SEC2 s-2 /s² Per square second. A relation which makes a non-equal comparison between two numbers or other mathematical expressions. Inequality f(x) > 0 Inequality A relation which makes a non-equal comparison between two numbers or other mathematical expressions. A mathematical string that express a relation between the elements in one set X to elements in another set Y. The set X is called domain and the set Y range or codomain. MathematicalFormula MathematicalFormula A mathematical string that express a relation between the elements in one set X to elements in another set Y. Per Tesla Second Unit is a denominator unit with dimensions /s . T. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit PerTeslaSecond Per Tesla and Second unit. PerTeslaSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-T-SEC T-1.s-1 /T⋅s Per Tesla Second Unit is a denominator unit with dimensions /s . T. -- QUDT Electric field strength multiplied by magnetic field strength. PoyntingVector PoyntingVector https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/PoyntingVector https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q504186 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=121-11-66 6-34 Electric field strength multiplied by magnetic field strength. Ngative quotient of Gibbs energy and temperature. PlanckFunction PlanckFunction https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/PlanckFunction https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76364998 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-04-25 5-23 Ngative quotient of Gibbs energy and temperature. 1e-09 0.0 A metric measure of volume or capacity equal to a cube 1 millimeter on each edge -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit CubicMilliMetre Cubic Millimetre CubicMilliMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliM3 mm3 mm³ A metric measure of volume or capacity equal to a cube 1 millimeter on each edge -- QUDT Foaming Foaming Quantum number related to the total angular momentum, J, of a nucleus in any specified state, normally called nuclear spin. NuclearSpinQuantumNumber NuclearSpinQuantumNumber https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/NuclearSpinQuantumNumber https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q97577403 10-13.7 Quantum number related to the total angular momentum, J, of a nucleus in any specified state, normally called nuclear spin. 1.0 0.0 Angular acceleration is the rate of change of angular velocity. In SI units, it is measured in radians per Square second (rad/s²), and is usually denoted by the Greek letter α. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit RadianPerSquareSecond Radian per Square Second RadianPerSquareSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/RAD-PER-SEC2 rad.s-2 rad/s2 rad/s² Angular acceleration is the rate of change of angular velocity. In SI units, it is measured in radians per Square second (rad/s²), and is usually denoted by the Greek letter α. -- QUDT Th The symbol that stands for the thorium atom. ThoriumSymbol ThoriumSymbol The symbol that stands for the thorium atom. 1000000.0 0.0 1 000 000-fold of the SI derived unit coulomb divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT MegaCoulombPerCubicMetre Megacoulomb Per Cubic Metre MegaCoulombPerCubicMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MegaC-PER-M3 MC.m-3 MC/m³ 1 000 000-fold of the SI derived unit coulomb divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT Quotient of average drift speed imparted to a charged particle in a medium by an electric field, and the electric field strength. Mobility Mobility https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Mobility https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q900648 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-06-36 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=881-02-77 10-61 Quotient of average drift speed imparted to a charged particle in a medium by an electric field, and the electric field strength. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.M03955 No loss or adds of parts by the components, nor merging. In assemblying parts are losing some of theirs movement degrees of freedom. The act of connecting together the parts of something Assemblying Assemblying The act of connecting together the parts of something No loss or adds of parts by the components, nor merging. In assemblying parts are losing some of theirs movement degrees of freedom. In nuclear physics, the multiplication factor for an infinite medium. InfiniteMultiplicationFactor InfiniteMultiplicationFactor https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/InfiniteMultiplicationFactor https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q99440487 10-78.2 In nuclear physics, the multiplication factor for an infinite medium. Somatosensory Somatosensory T0 L-3 M0 I0 Θ0 N-1 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'ReciprocalAmountPerVolume'. ReciprocalAmountPerVolumeUnit ReciprocalAmountPerVolumeUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'ReciprocalAmountPerVolume'. TotalComposition TotalComposition Machining with a circular cutting movement, usually associated with a multi-toothed tool, and with a feed movement perpendicular or oblique to the axis of rotation of the tool, to produce any workpiece surface. Milling Fräsen Milling A command language designed to be run by a command-line interpreter, like a Unix shell. ShellScript ShellScript A command language designed to be run by a command-line interpreter, like a Unix shell. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shell_script 51.9961 24 Atom subclass for chromium. ChromiumAtom ChromiumAtom Atom subclass for chromium. q 1e-30 SI prefix who's value is 1e-30. Quecto Quecto SI prefix who's value is 1e-30. A continuum characterized by structural rigidity and resistance to changes of shape or volume, that retains its shape and density when not confined. Solid Solid A continuum characterized by structural rigidity and resistance to changes of shape or volume, that retains its shape and density when not confined. 1.0 0.0 product of the SI derived unit volt and the SI base unit second divided by the SI base unit metre -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit VoltSecondPerMetre Volt Second Per Metre VoltSecondPerMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/V-SEC-PER-M V.s.m-1 V⋅s/m product of the SI derived unit volt and the SI base unit second divided by the SI base unit metre -- QUDT Since the nucleus account for nearly all of the total mass of atoms (with the electrons and nuclear binding energy making minor contributions), the atomic mass measured in Da has nearly the same value as the mass number. The atomic mass is often expressed as an average of the commonly found isotopes. The mass of an atom in the ground state. AtomicMass AtomicMass The mass of an atom in the ground state. 10-4.1 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_mass https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.A00496 An object which is an holistic temporal part of another object. Here we consider a temporal interval that is lower than the characteristic time of the physical process that provides the causality connection between the object parts. SubObject If an inhabited house is considered as an house that is occupied by some people in its majority of time, then an interval of inhabited house in which occasionally nobody is in there is no more an inhabited house, but an unhinabited house, since this temporal part does not satisfy the criteria of the whole. SubObject An object which is an holistic temporal part of another object. Here we consider a temporal interval that is lower than the characteristic time of the physical process that provides the causality connection between the object parts. A bonded atom that shares at least one electron to the atom-based entity of which is part of. A real bond between atoms is always something hybrid between covalent, metallic and ionic. In general, metallic and ionic bonds have atoms sharing electrons. The bond types that are covered by this definition are the strong electronic bonds: covalent, metallic and ionic. This class can be used to represent molecules as simplified quantum systems, in which outer molecule shared electrons are un-entangled with the inner shells of the atoms composing the molecule. BondedAtom BondedAtom A bonded atom that shares at least one electron to the atom-based entity of which is part of. For a solvent in a solution, quotient of the absolute activity and that of the pure substance at the same temperature and pressure. ActivityOfSolvent ActivityOfSolvent https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q89486193 9-27.1 For a solvent in a solution, quotient of the absolute activity and that of the pure substance at the same temperature and pressure. Quantities declared under the ISO 80000. InternationalSystemOfQuantity https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:80000:-1:ed-1:v1:en:sec:3.1 InternationalSystemOfQuantity Quantities declared under the ISO 80000. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_System_of_Quantities fraction of nearest-neighbour atom pairs in an Ising ferromagnet having magnetic moments in one direction, minus the fraction having magnetic moments in the opposite direction ShortRangeOrderParameter ShortRangeOrderParameter https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Short-RangeOrderParameter https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105495979 12-5.1 fraction of nearest-neighbour atom pairs in an Ising ferromagnet having magnetic moments in one direction, minus the fraction having magnetic moments in the opposite direction The relation between electric field strength and current density in an isotropic conductor. HallCoefficient HallCoefficient https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/HallCoefficient https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q997439 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=521-09-02 12-19 The relation between electric field strength and current density in an isotropic conductor. Java Java Quotient of mass excess and the unified atomic mass constant. RelativeMassExcess RelativeMassExcess https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/RelativeMassExcess https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98038610 10-22.1 Quotient of mass excess and the unified atomic mass constant. KineticFrictionFactor DynamicFrictionFactor KineticFrictionFactor https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73695445 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-03-32 4-23.2 Energy per unit change in amount of substance. ChemicalPotential ChemicalPotential http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ChemicalPotential 9-17 Energy per unit change in amount of substance. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.C01032 Mean energy, excluding rest energy, of the particles that are emitted, transferred, or received. RadiantEnergy RadiantEnergy https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1259526 10-45 Mean energy, excluding rest energy, of the particles that are emitted, transferred, or received. 1.0 0.0 Coulomb Meter (C-m) is a unit in the category of Electric dipole moment. It is also known as atomic unit, u.a., au, ua. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Coulomb Meter (C-m) has a dimension of LTI where L is length, T is time, and I is electric current. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT It is also known as atomic unit, u.a., au, ua. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Coulomb Meter (C-m) has a dimension of LTI where L is length, T is time, and I is electric current. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. CoulombMetre CoulombMetre A26 http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/C-M C.m C⋅m Coulomb Meter (C-m) is a unit in the category of Electric dipole moment. It is also known as atomic unit, u.a., au, ua. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Coulomb Meter (C-m) has a dimension of LTI where L is length, T is time, and I is electric current. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT It is also known as atomic unit, u.a., au, ua. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Coulomb Meter (C-m) has a dimension of LTI where L is length, T is time, and I is electric current. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. 1.0 0.0 Square metre per Kelvin. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit SquareMetrePerKelvin SquareMetrePerKelvin http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M2-PER-K m2.K-1 m²/k Square metre per Kelvin. ReactionSintering ISO 3252:2019 Powder metallurgy reaction sintering: process wherein at least two constituents of a powder mixture react during sintering ReactionSintering 1000.0 0.0 derived SI unit weber divided by the 0.001-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit WeberPerMilliMetre Weber Per Millimetre WeberPerMilliMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/WB-PER-MilliM Wb.mm-1 Wb/mm derived SI unit weber divided by the 0.001-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT Quotient of entropy and mass. SpecificEntropy SpecificEntropy https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/SpecificEntropy https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69423705 5-19 Quotient of entropy and mass. 0.001 0.0 0.1-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit CubicDeciMetre Cubic Decimetre CubicDeciMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/DeciM3 dm3 dm³ 0.1-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT Quantum number in an atom describing the magnitude of total angular momentum J. TotalAngularMomentumQuantumNumber TotalAngularMomentumQuantumNumber https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/TotalAngularMomentumQuantumNumber https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1141095 10-13.6 Quantum number in an atom describing the magnitude of total angular momentum J. 1000000.0 0.0 SI base unit ampere divided by the 0.000 001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre by exponent 2 -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit AmperePerSquareMilliMetre Ampere Per Square Millimetre AmperePerSquareMilliMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/A-PER-MilliM2 A.mm-2 A/mm2 A/mm² SI base unit ampere divided by the 0.000 001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre by exponent 2 -- QUDT CeramicMaterial CeramicMaterial 1e-06 0.0 One SI standard unit of mass over the square of one thousand standard unit of length. -- QUDT KilogramPerSquareKiloMetre Kilograms per square kilometre KilogramPerSquareKiloMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloGM-PER-KiloM2 kg.km-2 kg/km² One SI standard unit of mass over the square of one thousand standard unit of length. -- QUDT Mathematical description in crystallography. StructureFactor StructureFactor https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/StructureFactor https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q900684 12-5.4 Mathematical description in crystallography. 1.0 0.0 power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit CubicMetrePerSquareMetre Cubic Metre Per Square Metre CubicMetrePerSquareMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M3-PER-M2 m3.m-2 m³/m² power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 -- QUDT 1000000.0 0.0 MilliWattPerSquareMetrePerNanoMetre Milliwatts per square metre per nanometre MilliWattPerSquareMetrePerNanoMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliW-PER-M2-NanoM mW.m-2.nm-1 mW/(cm⋅nm) Gibbs energy per unit mass. SpecificGibbsEnergy SpecificGibbsEnergy https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/SpecificGibbsEnergy https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76360636 5-21.5 Gibbs energy per unit mass. 47.867 22 Atom subclass for titanium. TitaniumAtom TitaniumAtom Atom subclass for titanium. TransientLiquidPhaseSintering TransientLiquidPhaseSintering T+3 L-3 M-1 I+2 Θ0 N-1 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricConductivityPerAmount'. ElectricConductivityPerAmountUnit ElectricConductivityPerAmountUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricConductivityPerAmount'. The derivative of the electric charge of a system with respect to the electric potential. Capacitance ElectricCapacitance Capacitance http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Capacitance 6-13 The derivative of the electric charge of a system with respect to the electric potential. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.C00791 1.0 0.0 KilogramPerMetrePerSecond Kilograms per metre per second KilogramPerMetrePerSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloGM-PER-M-SEC kg.m-1.s-1 kg/(m⋅s) 1000.0 0.0 1 000-fold of the SI base unit mol -- QUDT KiloMole KiloMole http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloMOL kmol kmol 1 000-fold of the SI base unit mol -- QUDT 258.09843 101 Atom subclass for mendelevium. MendeleviumAtom MendeleviumAtom Atom subclass for mendelevium. 289.194 115 Atom subclass for moscovium. MoscoviumAtom MoscoviumAtom Atom subclass for moscovium. GrowingCrystal GrowingCrystal 1000.0 0.0 1 000-fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT MegaGramPerCubicMetre Megagram Per Cubic Metre MegaGramPerCubicMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MegaGM-PER-M3 Mg.m-3 Mg/m³ 1 000-fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT A chain of linked physics based model simulations solved iteratively, where equations are segregated. IterativeCoupledModelsSimulation IterativeCoupledModelsSimulation A chain of linked physics based model simulations solved iteratively, where equations are segregated. 1.0 0.0 Square Pascal Second (Pa²· s) is a unit in the category of sound exposure. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit SquarePascalSecond http://www.efunda.com/glossary/units/units--specific_acoustic_impedance--pascal_second_per_meter.cfm Square Pascal Second SquarePascalSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PA2-SEC Pa2.s Pa²⋅s Square Pascal Second (Pa²· s) is a unit in the category of sound exposure. -- QUDT The analytical composition of a saturated solution, expressed in terms of the proportion of a designated solute in a designated solvent, is the solubility of that solute. The solubility may be expressed as a concentration, molality, mole fraction, mole ratio, etc. Solubility Solubility https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170731 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-01-15 The analytical composition of a saturated solution, expressed in terms of the proportion of a designated solute in a designated solvent, is the solubility of that solute. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.S05740 ArtificialIntelligence ArtificialAgent ArtificialIntelligence 1.0 0.0 Metre per Farad. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit MetrePerFarad MetrePerFarad http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M-PER-FARAD m.F-1 m/f Metre per Farad. Frequency by which the nucleus angular momentum vector precesses about the axis of an external magnetic field. NuclearPrecessionAngularFrequency NuclearPrecessionAngularFrequency https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q97641779 10-15.3 Frequency by which the nucleus angular momentum vector precesses about the axis of an external magnetic field. 85.4678 37 Atom subclass for rubidium. RubidiumAtom RubidiumAtom Atom subclass for rubidium. 1000000.0 0.0 MegaSiemens MegaSiemens MegaSiemens http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MegaS MS Critical thermodynamic temperature of an antiferromagnet. NeelTemperature NeelTemperature https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830311 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=121-12-52 12-35.2 Critical thermodynamic temperature of an antiferromagnet. BlowMolding BlowMolding Dy The symbol that stands for the dysprosium atom. DysprosiumSymbol DysprosiumSymbol The symbol that stands for the dysprosium atom. Square root of the slowing down area. SlowingDownLength SlowingDownLength https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Slowing-DownLength https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98996963 10-73.1 Square root of the slowing down area. Quotient of the total number of fission or fission-dependent neutrons produced in the duration of a time interval and the total number of neutrons lost by absorption and leakage in that duration. MultiplicationFactor MultiplicationFactor https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MultiplicationFactor https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q99440471 10-78.1 Quotient of the total number of fission or fission-dependent neutrons produced in the duration of a time interval and the total number of neutrons lost by absorption and leakage in that duration. c 0.01 SI prefix who's value is 1/100. Centi Centi SI prefix who's value is 1/100. 1000000.0 0.0 SI base unit kilogram divided by the 0.000 001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT KilogramPerCubicCentiMetre Kilogram Per Cubic Centimetre KilogramPerCubicCentiMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloGM-PER-CentiM3 kg.cm-3 kg/cm³ SI base unit kilogram divided by the 0.000 001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT 167.259 68 Atom subclass for erbium. ErbiumAtom ErbiumAtom Atom subclass for erbium. Lr The symbol that stands for the lawrencium atom. LawrenciumSymbol LawrenciumSymbol The symbol that stands for the lawrencium atom. Quotient of the number of internal conversion electrons and the number of gamma quanta emitted by the radioactive atom in a given transition, where a conversion electron represents an orbital electron emitted through the radioactive decay. InternalConversionFactor InternalConversionCoefficient InternalConversionFactor https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/InternalConversionFactor https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6047819 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=395-02-57 10-35 Quotient of the number of internal conversion electrons and the number of gamma quanta emitted by the radioactive atom in a given transition, where a conversion electron represents an orbital electron emitted through the radioactive decay. G 1000000000.0 SI prefix who's value is 1e9. Giga Giga SI prefix who's value is 1e9. 1000.0 0.0 Kilomole Per Kilogram (kmol/kg) is a unit of Molality -- QUDT KiloMolePerKilogram Kilomole per Kilogram KiloMolePerKilogram http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloMOL-PER-KiloGM kmol.kg-1 kmol/kg kmol/kg Kilomole Per Kilogram (kmol/kg) is a unit of Molality -- QUDT Complex representation of an oscillating voltage. VoltagePhasor VoltagePhasor https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/VoltagePhasor https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q78514605 6-50 Complex representation of an oscillating voltage. Quotient of the rms value of the voltage between the terminals of a two-terminal element or a two-terminal circuit by the rms value of the electric current in the element or circuit. ModulusOfImpedance ModulusOfImpedance https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ModulusOfImpedance https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25457909 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=131-12-44 6-51.4 Quotient of the rms value of the voltage between the terminals of a two-terminal element or a two-terminal circuit by the rms value of the electric current in the element or circuit. 0.01 0.0 A CentiNewton 0.01 N. CentiNewton CentiNewton http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/CentiN cN A CentiNewton 0.01 N. HardeningByForging HardeningByForging Scalar quantity or tensor quantity equal to the absolute permeability divided by the magnetic constant. RelativePermeability RelativePermeability https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ElectromagneticPermeabilityRatio https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77785645 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=121-12-29 6-27 Scalar quantity or tensor quantity equal to the absolute permeability divided by the magnetic constant. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.R05272 T0 L+1 M0 I0 Θ0 N-1 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'LengthPerAmount'. LengthPerAmountUnit LengthPerAmountUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'LengthPerAmount'. InterferenceFitting InterferenceFitting 1.0 0.0 Square kilogram per square second. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit SquareKilogramPerSquareSecond SquareKilogramPerSquareSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloGM2-PER-SEC2 kg2.s-2 kg²/s² Square kilogram per square second. PartialComposition PartialComposition ElectrolyticDeposition ElectrolyticDeposition Cs The symbol that stands for the caesium atom. CaesiumSymbol CaesiumSymbol The symbol that stands for the caesium atom. Extrusion Extrusion CSharp C# CSharp 1000000.0 0.0 1 000 000-fold of the SI base unit ampere divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit MegaAmperePerSquareMetre Megaampere Per Square Metre MegaAmperePerSquareMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MegaA-PER-M2 MA.m-2 MA/m² 1 000 000-fold of the SI base unit ampere divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 -- QUDT Proportionality constant between the particle current density J and the gradient of the particle number density n. DiffusionCoefficientForParticleNumberDensity DiffusionCoefficientForParticleNumberDensity https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98875545 10-64 Proportionality constant between the particle current density J and the gradient of the particle number density n. 1000000.0 0.0 1,000,000-fold of the derived unit joule -- QUDT MegaJoule MegaJoule http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MegaJ MJ MJ 1,000,000-fold of the derived unit joule -- QUDT 15.999 8 Atom subclass for oxygen. OxygenAtom OxygenAtom Atom subclass for oxygen. T-1 L0 M+1 I-1 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'MassPerElectricCharge'. MassPerElectricChargeUnit MassPerElectricChargeUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'MassPerElectricCharge'. A chemical substance composed of atoms with the same number of protons in the atomic nucleus. ElementalSubstance PureSubstance ElementalSubstance A chemical substance composed of atoms with the same number of protons in the atomic nucleus. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.C01022 24.305 12 Atom subclass for magnesium. MagnesiumAtom MagnesiumAtom Atom subclass for magnesium. 269.1338 108 Atom subclass for hassium. HassiumAtom HassiumAtom Atom subclass for hassium. Riveting Riveting IsothermalConversion IsothermalConversion 285.177 112 Atom subclass for copernicium. CoperniciumAtom CoperniciumAtom Atom subclass for copernicium. DataProcessingApplication DataProcessingApplication 1.0 0.0 SI derived unit newton divided by the SI base unit ampere -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit NewtonPerAmpere Newton Per Ampere NewtonPerAmpere http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/N-PER-A N.A-1 N/A SI derived unit newton divided by the SI base unit ampere -- QUDT 1e-06 0.0 MicroMolePerKilogram Micromoles per kilogram MicroMolePerKilogram http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroMOL-PER-KiloGM umol.kg-1 umol/kg µmol/kg At a given point within a domain of quasi-infinitesimal volume V, vector quantity equal to the electric dipole moment p of the substance contained within the domain divided by the volume V. ElectricPolarization ElectricPolarization https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ElectricPolarization https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1050425 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=121-11-37 6-7 At a given point within a domain of quasi-infinitesimal volume V, vector quantity equal to the electric dipole moment p of the substance contained within the domain divided by the volume V. 1.0 0.0 In the Hertz per Volt standard the frequency of the note is directly related to the voltage. A pitch of a note goes up one octave when its frequency doubles, meaning that the voltage will have to double for every octave rise. Depending on the footage (octave) selected, nominally one volt gives 1000Hz, two volts 2000Hz and so on. In terms of notes, bottom C would be 0.25 volts, the next C up would be 0.5 volts, then 1V, 2V, 4V, 8V for the following octaves. This system was used mainly by Yamaha and Korg. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit HertzPerVolt Hertz per Volt HertzPerVolt http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/HZ-PER-V Hz.V-1 Hz/V In the Hertz per Volt standard the frequency of the note is directly related to the voltage. A pitch of a note goes up one octave when its frequency doubles, meaning that the voltage will have to double for every octave rise. Depending on the footage (octave) selected, nominally one volt gives 1000Hz, two volts 2000Hz and so on. In terms of notes, bottom C would be 0.25 volts, the next C up would be 0.5 volts, then 1V, 2V, 4V, 8V for the following octaves. This system was used mainly by Yamaha and Korg. -- QUDT Characteristic quantum number s of a particle, related to its spin. SpinQuantumNumber SpinQuantumNumber https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/SpinQuantumNumber https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3879445 10-13.5 Characteristic quantum number s of a particle, related to its spin. A process which is an holistic temporal part of a process. Stage Moving a leg is a stage of the process of running. Stage A process which is an holistic temporal part of a process. A generic task in a workflow, that is not the begin or the end. InternalTask InternalTask https://w3id.org/emmo/raw/1.0.0-rc3/doc/figs/ThroughTile.png A generic task in a workflow, that is not the begin or the end. Np The symbol that stands for the neptunium atom. NeptuniumSymbol NeptuniumSymbol The symbol that stands for the neptunium atom. + Plus Plus Number of particles of a given species per volume. ParticleConcentration ParticleConcentration https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39078574 9-9.1 Number of particles of a given species per volume. Number of molecules of a substance in a mixture per volume. MolecularConcentration MolecularConcentration https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MolecularConcentration https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q88865973 9-9.2 Number of molecules of a substance in a mixture per volume. DropForging DropForging DataByStructure DataByStructure N The symbol that stands for the nitrogen atom. NitrogenSymbol NitrogenSymbol The symbol that stands for the nitrogen atom. 243.06138 95 Atom subclass for americium. AmericiumAtom AmericiumAtom Atom subclass for americium. Position vector of a particle. ParticlePositionVector ParticlePositionVector https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ParticlePositionVector https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105533324 12-7.1 Position vector of a particle. Calendering Calendering A topological space with the property that each point has a neighborhood that is homeomorphic to an open subset of 3-dimensional Euclidean space. ThreeManifold 3-manifold ThreeManifold A topological space with the property that each point has a neighborhood that is homeomorphic to an open subset of 3-dimensional Euclidean space. 186.207 75 Atom subclass for rhenium. RheniumAtom RheniumAtom Atom subclass for rhenium. A tessellation in which a tile has next two or more non spatially connected tiles. Fork Fork https://raw.githubusercontent.com/emmo-repo/EMMO/1.0.0-rc3/doc/figs/Fork.png A tessellation in which a tile has next two or more non spatially connected tiles. NonAgent NonAgent Hs The symbol that stands for the hassium atom. HassiumSymbol HassiumSymbol The symbol that stands for the hassium atom. 1000000.0 0.0 1,000,000-fold of the derived SI unit joule divided by the SI base unit kilogram -- QUDT MegaJoulePerKilogram Megajoule Per Kilogram MegaJoulePerKilogram http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MegaJ-PER-KiloGM MJ.kg-1 MJ/kg 1,000,000-fold of the derived SI unit joule divided by the SI base unit kilogram -- QUDT 1e-12 0.0 PicoMole PicoMole PicoMole http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PicoMOL pmol A variable that stand for a well known numerical constant (a known number). KnownConstant π refers to the constant number ~3.14 KnownConstant A variable that stand for a well known numerical constant (a known number). Z 1e-21 SI prefix who's value is 1e21. Zetta Zetta SI prefix who's value is 1e21. 0.0001 0.0 MicroMolePerGramPerSecond Micromoles per gram per second MicroMolePerGramPerSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroMOL-PER-GM-SEC umol.g-1.s-1 umol/g/s μmol/(g⋅s) A measure of the wavelength-weighted power emitted by a light source in a particular direction per unit solid angle. It is based on the luminosity function, which is a standardized model of the sensitivity of the human eye. LuminousIntensity LuminousIntensity http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/LuminousIntensity 7-14 A measure of the wavelength-weighted power emitted by a light source in a particular direction per unit solid angle. It is based on the luminosity function, which is a standardized model of the sensitivity of the human eye. 1e-18 0.0 A unit of area equal to that of a square, of sides 1nm -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit SquareNanoMetre Square Nanometre SquareNanoMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/NanoM2 nm2 nm² A unit of area equal to that of a square, of sides 1nm -- QUDT 1e-12 0.0 mass ratio consisting of the 0.000000000001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the SI base unit kilogram -- QUDT NanoGramPerKilogram Nanogram Per Kilogram NanoGramPerKilogram http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/NanoGM-PER-KiloGM ng.kg-1 ng/kg ng/Kg mass ratio consisting of the 0.000000000001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the SI base unit kilogram -- QUDT Entropy per amount of substance. MolarEntropy MolarEntropy https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MolarEntropy https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68972876 9-8 Entropy per amount of substance. A fundamental physical constant characterizing the strength of the electromagnetic interaction between elementary charged particles. FineStructureConstant FineStructureConstant http://qudt.org/vocab/constant/FineStructureConstant https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.F02389 Quotient of mass defect and the unified atomic mass constant. RelativeMassDefect RelativeMassDefect https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/RelativeMassDefect https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98038718 10-22.2 Quotient of mass defect and the unified atomic mass constant. T+2 L-2 M-1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'PerEnergy'. PerEnergyUnit PerEnergyUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'PerEnergy'. T-3 L+1 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'LengthPerCubeTime'. LengthPerCubeTimeUnit LengthPerCubeTimeUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'LengthPerCubeTime'. 1.0 0.0 Square metre Hertz. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit SquareMetreHertz SquareMetreHertz http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M2-HZ m2.Hz m²⋅Hz Square metre Hertz. A hypothesis is a theory, estimated and objective, since its estimated premises are objective. Hypothesis Hypothesis A hypothesis is a theory, estimated and objective, since its estimated premises are objective. A molecule composed of more than one element type. Heteronuclear Nitric oxide (NO) or carbon dioxide (CO₂). Heteronuclear A molecule composed of more than one element type. Filling Filling Data that are expressed through quantum mechanical principles, and that can have several values ​​/ be in several states in the same place at the same time (quantum superposition), each of them with a certain probability. QuantumData QuantumData Data that are expressed through quantum mechanical principles, and that can have several values ​​/ be in several states in the same place at the same time (quantum superposition), each of them with a certain probability. Time constant for recombination or trapping of minority charge carriers in semiconductors CarrierLifetime CarrierLifetime https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/CarrierLifetime https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5046374 12-32.2 Time constant for recombination or trapping of minority charge carriers in semiconductors The radiant energy emitted, reflected, transmitted or received, per unit time. RadiantFlux RadiantFlux http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/RadiantFlux The radiant energy emitted, reflected, transmitted or received, per unit time. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.R05046 A real vector with 3 elements. Shape3Vector The quantity value of physical quantities if real space is a Shape3Vector. Shape3Vector A real vector with 3 elements. E 1e+18 SI prefix who's value is 1e18. Exa Exa SI prefix who's value is 1e18. 251.07959 98 Atom subclass for californium. CaliforniumAtom CaliforniumAtom Atom subclass for californium. Force opposing the motion of a body sliding on a surface. KineticFrictionForce DynamicFrictionForce KineticFrictionForce https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q91005629 4-9.4 Force opposing the motion of a body sliding on a surface. 0.0001 0.0 Square centimetre per second. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit SquareCentiMetrePerSecond SquareCentiMetrePerSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/CentiM2-PER-SEC cm2.s-1 cm²/s Square centimetre per second. Force of gravity acting on a body. Weight Weight http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Weight 4-9.2 Force of gravity acting on a body. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.W06668 LowPressureCasting LowPressureCasting A physics-based model based on a physics equation describing the behaviour of atoms. AtomisticModel AtomisticModel A physics-based model based on a physics equation describing the behaviour of atoms. T0 L-2 M0 I+1 Θ-1 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricCurrentDensityPerTemperature'. ElectricCurrentDensityPerTemperatureUnit ElectricCurrentDensityPerTemperatureUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricCurrentDensityPerTemperature'. TransportationDevice TransportationDevice 1.0 0.0 Square metre per square second. http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit SquareMetrePerSquareSecond SquareMetrePerSquareSecond http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M2-PER-SEC2 m2.s-2 m²/s² Square metre per square second. PlasticSintering PlasticSintering Change of the relative positions of parts of a body, excluding a displacement of the body as a whole. Strain Strain http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Strain 4-17.1 Change of the relative positions of parts of a body, excluding a displacement of the body as a whole. 151.964 63 Atom subclass for europium. EuropiumAtom EuropiumAtom Atom subclass for europium. A meson with spin zero and odd parity. PseudoscalarMeson PseudoscalarMeson A meson with spin zero and odd parity. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudoscalar_meson T+2 L-5 M-1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0 The class of units with dimensionality 'EnergyDensityOfStates'. EnergyDensityOfStatesUnit EnergyDensityOfStatesUnit The class of units with dimensionality 'EnergyDensityOfStates'. 158.92535 65 Atom subclass for terbium. TerbiumAtom TerbiumAtom Atom subclass for terbium. Natural logarithm of the quotient of a reference energy and the kinetic energy of a neutron. Lethargy Lethargy https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Lethargy https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25508781 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=395-07-01 10-69 Natural logarithm of the quotient of a reference energy and the kinetic energy of a neutron. A manufacturing process in which interchangeable parts are added to a product in a sequential manner to create an end product. Is not collection, since the connection between the elements of an assembly line occurs through the flow of objects that are processed. AssemblyLine AssemblyLine A manufacturing process in which interchangeable parts are added to a product in a sequential manner to create an end product. InjectionMolding InjectionMolding * Multiplication Multiplication A Material occurring in nature, without the need of human intervention. NaturalMaterial NaturalMaterial A Material occurring in nature, without the need of human intervention. Gustatory Gustatory 72.63 32 Atom subclass for germanium. GermaniumAtom GermaniumAtom Atom subclass for germanium. 97.90721 43 Atom subclass for technetium. TechnetiumAtom TechnetiumAtom Atom subclass for technetium. PowderCoating PowderCoating Data that are expressed through classical physics mechanisms, having one value and one state, and being in the same place at the same time. ClassicalData ClassicalData Data that are expressed through classical physics mechanisms, having one value and one state, and being in the same place at the same time. ElectricCurrentAssistedSintering ElectricCurrentAssistedSintering DippingForms DippingForms Defived units that are accepted to be used with SI. SIAcceptedDerivedUnit SIAcceptedDerivedUnit Defived units that are accepted to be used with SI. Forming of vessel parts from a flat mould into a three-dimensional shape by means of a press and tools, whereby material is neither removed nor added DeepDrawing Tiefziehen DeepDrawing Maximum kinetic energy of the emitted beta particle produced in the nuclear disintegration process. MaximumBetaParticleEnergy MaximumBetaParticleEnergy https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MaximumBeta-ParticleEnergy https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98148038 10-33 Maximum kinetic energy of the emitted beta particle produced in the nuclear disintegration process. A gaseous solution made of more than one component type. GasSolution GasMixture GasSolution A gaseous solution made of more than one component type. Perceived power of light. LuminousFlux LuminousFlux http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/LuminousFlux 7-13 Perceived power of light. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.L03646 The quantum of action. It defines the kg base unit in the SI system. PlanckConstant PlanckConstant http://qudt.org/vocab/constant/PlanckConstant The quantum of action. It defines the kg base unit in the SI system. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.P04685 Atomic quantum number related to the z component lz, jz or sz, of the orbital, total, or spin angular momentum. MagneticQuantumNumber MagneticQuantumNumber https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MagneticQuantumNumber https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2009727 10-13.4 Atomic quantum number related to the z component lz, jz or sz, of the orbital, total, or spin angular momentum. 1000000000.0 0.0 1 000 000 000-fold of the SI derived unit joule -- QUDT GigaJoule GigaJoule http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/GigaJ GJ GJ 1 000 000 000-fold of the SI derived unit joule -- QUDT CeramicSintering CeramicSintering Strengthening by rolling is the strengthening of component surfaces by mechanically generating compressive stresses in the component surface and consolidating the material. HardeningByRolling VerfestigendurchWalzen HardeningByRolling Strengthening by rolling is the strengthening of component surfaces by mechanically generating compressive stresses in the component surface and consolidating the material. Deals with undefined shapes both input and output. The creation of a material entity starting from fundamental substances, involving chemical phenomena (e.g. reaction, bonding). MaterialSynthesis MaterialSynthesis The creation of a material entity starting from fundamental substances, involving chemical phenomena (e.g. reaction, bonding). Deals with undefined shapes both input and output. ElementalMaterial ElementalMaterial In condensed matter physics, position vector of an atom or ion relative to its equilibrium position. DisplacementVector DisplacementVector https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/DisplacementVectorOfIon https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105533558 12-7.3 In condensed matter physics, position vector of an atom or ion relative to its equilibrium position. The 'semiosis' process of interpreting a 'physical' and provide a complec sign, 'theory' that stands for it and explain it to another interpreter. Theorisation Theorization Theorisation The 'semiosis' process of interpreting a 'physical' and provide a complec sign, 'theory' that stands for it and explain it to another interpreter. A suspension of liquid droplets dispersed in a gas through an atomization process. Spray Spray A suspension of liquid droplets dispersed in a gas through an atomization process. SparkPlasmaSintering SparkPlasmaSintering Arithmetic average of (electric field strength multiplied by electric flux density) and (magnetic field strength multiplied by magnetic flux density). ElectromagneticEnergyDensity VolumicElectromagneticEnergy ElectromagneticEnergyDensity https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ElectromagneticEnergyDensity https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77989624 https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=121-11-65 6-33 Arithmetic average of (electric field strength multiplied by electric flux density) and (magnetic field strength multiplied by magnetic flux density). 1.0 0.0 In chemistry, the molar mass M is defined as the mass of a given substance (chemical element or chemical compound) divided by its amount of substance. It is a physical property of a given substance. The base SI unit for molar mass is kg/mol. However, for historical reasons, molar masses are almost always expressed in g/mol. As an example, the molar mass of water is approximately: 18.01528(33) g/mol. -- QUDT KilogramPerMole Kilogram per Mole KilogramPerMole http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloGM-PER-MOL kg.mol-1 kg/mol kg/mol In chemistry, the molar mass M is defined as the mass of a given substance (chemical element or chemical compound) divided by its amount of substance. It is a physical property of a given substance. The base SI unit for molar mass is kg/mol. However, for historical reasons, molar masses are almost always expressed in g/mol. As an example, the molar mass of water is approximately: 18.01528(33) g/mol. -- QUDT VaporDeposition VaporDeposition A physical constant relating energy at the individual particle level with temperature. It is the gas constant R divided by the Avogadro constant. It defines the Kelvin unit in the SI system. The DBpedia definition (http://dbpedia.org/page/Boltzmann_constant) is outdated as May 20, 2019. It is now an exact quantity. BoltzmannConstant BoltzmannConstant http://qudt.org/vocab/constant/BoltzmannConstant A physical constant relating energy at the individual particle level with temperature. It is the gas constant R divided by the Avogadro constant. It defines the Kelvin unit in the SI system. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.B00695 FlameCutting FlameCutting Magnitude of the angular velocity ω divided by the angle 2π, thus n = |ω|/2π. RotationalFrequency RotationalFrequency https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-01-42 3-17.2 Magnitude of the angular velocity ω divided by the angle 2π, thus n = |ω|/2π. 0.1 0.0 A decimeter is a tenth of a meter. -- QUDT DeciMetre DeciMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/DeciM dm dm A decimeter is a tenth of a meter. -- QUDT A graphical representation of a molecular structure showing the relative position in space of the atomic constituents and their bonds. StructuralFormula StructuralFormula A graphical representation of a molecular structure showing the relative position in space of the atomic constituents and their bonds. A solid solution made of two or more component substances. SolidSolution SolidSolution A solid solution made of two or more component substances. A three-manifold with Euclidean metric. EuclideanSpace EuclideanSpace A three-manifold with Euclidean metric. Python Python 1e-06 0.0 MicroMolePerMole Micromoles per mole MicroMolePerMole http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroMOL-PER-MOL umol.mol-1 umol/mol µmol/mol HandlingDevice HandlingDevice `Joule Per Quartic Meter` (J/m⁴) is a unit for the spectral concentration of radiant energy density (in terms of wavelength), or the spectral radiant energy density (in terms of wave length). This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. -- QUDT http://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit JoulePerQuarticMetre Joule per Quartic Metre JoulePerQuarticMetre http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/J-PER-M4 J.m-4 J/m⁴ `Joule Per Quartic Meter` (J/m⁴) is a unit for the spectral concentration of radiant energy density (in terms of wavelength), or the spectral radiant energy density (in terms of wave length). This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. -- QUDT 1e-06 0.0 0.000001 fold of the SI unit of radiation dose. Radiation carries energy, and when it is absorbed by matter the matter receives this energy. The dose is the amount of energy deposited per unit of mass. One gray is defined to be the dose of one joule of energy absorbed per kilogram of matter, or 100 rad. The unit is named for the British physician L. Harold Gray (1905-1965), an authority on the use of radiation in the treatment of cancer. -- QUDT MicroGray MicroGray MicroGray http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroGRAY uGy µGy 0.000001 fold of the SI unit of radiation dose. Radiation carries energy, and when it is absorbed by matter the matter receives this energy. The dose is the amount of energy deposited per unit of mass. One gray is defined to be the dose of one joule of energy absorbed per kilogram of matter, or 100 rad. The unit is named for the British physician L. Harold Gray (1905-1965), an authority on the use of radiation in the treatment of cancer. -- QUDT http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grey?oldid=494774160 Molds Molds Retarding force on a body moving in a fluid. DragForce DragForce https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q206621 4-9.6 Retarding force on a body moving in a fluid. A quantity that is the result of a well-defined measurement procedure. The specification of a measurand requires knowledge of the kind of quantity, description of the state of the phenomenon, body, or substance carrying the quantity, including any relevant component, and the chemical entities involved. -- VIM MeasuredProperty MeasuredProperty A quantity that is the result of a well-defined measurement procedure. Quantities categorised according to ISO 80000-8. AcousticQuantity AcousticQuantity Quantities categorised according to ISO 80000-8. GravityCasting GravityCasting PhotochemicalProcesses PhotochemicalProcesses HardeningByDrawing HardeningByDrawing Angle between the scattered ray and the lattice plane. BraggAngle BraggAngle https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/BraggAngle https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105488118 12-4 Angle between the scattered ray and the lattice plane. UnintentionalAgent UnintentionalAgent Magnetizing Magnetizing Nanomaterials are Materials possessing, at minimum, one external dimension measuring 1-100nm NanoMaterial NanoMaterial Nanomaterials are Materials possessing, at minimum, one external dimension measuring 1-100nm The universe is considered as a causally self-connected object, encompassing all other objects. For this reason is unique. u ≡ σx⟨P(x, x)⟩ universe universe The universe is considered as a causally self-connected object, encompassing all other objects. For this reason is unique. u ≡ σx⟨P(x, x)⟩ https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8869-3718 FrancescaLonstadBleken FrancescaLonstadBleken Francesca Lønstad Bleken https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1560-809X JesperFriis JesperFriis Jesper Friis https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8009-5009 FrancescoZaccarini FrancescoZaccarini Francesco A. Zaccarini https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4065-9742 GeorgJSchmitz GeorgJSchmitz Georg J. Schmitz https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7815-6636 OtelloMRoscioni OtelloMRoscioni Otello M. Roscioni https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8758-6109 SimonClark SimonClark Simon Clark https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0514-9229 AdhamHashibon AdhamHashibon Adham Hashibon https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3805-8761 EmanueleGhedini EmanueleGhedini Emanuele Ghedini https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4181-2852 GerhardGoldbeck GerhardGoldbeck Gerhard Goldbeck https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5417-6808 PaulLudwigMichaelNoeske PaulLudwigMichaelNoeske Paul-Ludwig Michael Noeske https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5850-6628 AnnedeBaas AnnedeBaas Anne de Baas https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9189-2400 SebastianoMoruzzi SebastianoMoruzzi Sebastiano Moruzzi EMMC_ASBL EMMC_ASBL EMMC ASBL European Materials Modelling Council Silversquare Stéphanie Avenue Louise 54 1050 Brussels CBE no: 0731 621 312 https://emmc.eu EMMC ASBL EMMO applies the naming convension to its sub-properties of rdfs:seeAlso that their label must end with one of the following terms: - 'Match': resolvable URLs to corresponding entity in another ontology - 'Entry': resolvable URLs to a human readable resource describing the subject - 'Ref': non-resolvable reference to a human readable resource describing the subject Indicate a resource that might provide additional information about the subject resource. "3 cm" A more complete example showing how to specify the value of a physical quantity in turtle using this datatype: height1 a emmo:Height ; hasSIQuantityValue "3 cm"^^emmo:SIQuantityDatatype . SIQuantityDatatype A datatype for a specifying a physcial quantity as a string consisting of a numerical, a separator and an SI unit. The unit should be a valid, possible prefixed, derived SI unit. 2 4 1 1 2 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 2 The rule for the subproperty chain: inverse (hasSign) o inverse (hasReferent) ⇒ hasInterpreter 1 The rule for the subproperty chain: inverse (hasInterpreter) o inverse (hasSign) ⇒ hasReferent 2 1 1 The rule for the subproperty chain: inverse (hasReferent) o inverse (hasInterpreter) ⇒ hasSign 1 1 1 1 1 Enforcing exclusivity between overlapping and causality. Holistic Holism (from Greek ὅλος holos "all, whole, entire"). Transitivity for proper parthood. Forming of a solid body, whereby the plastic state is essentially brought about by a combined tensile and compressive stress. DIN 8584-1:2003-09 ISO 3252:2019 Powder metallurgy sintering: thermal treatment of a powder or compact, at a temperature below the melting point of the main constituent, for the purpose of increasing its strength by the metallurgical bonding of its particles https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:3252:ed-5:v1:en:term:3.3.60 Perspective From medieval Latin perspectiva ‘(science of) optics’, from perspect- ‘looked at closely’, from the verb perspicere, from per- ‘through’ + specere ‘to look’. measurand VIM defines measurand as a quantity intended to be measured. This is redundant in EMMO and correspond to Quantity. TangibleProduct From late Latin tangibilis, from tangere ‘to touch’. Observation From Latin observare (“to watch, note, mark, heed, guard, keep, pay attention to, regard, comply with, etc.”), from ob (“before”) + servare (“to keep”), FunctionalIcon From Latin functiō (“performance, execution”), from functus, perfect participle of fungor (“to perform, execute, discharge”). Equipment From French équipement, from équiper ‘equip’. ManufacturedProduct From Latin manufacture: "made by hand". Product From Latin productum ‘something produced’, derived from Latin producere, from pro- ‘forward’ + ducere ‘to lead’. hardening of a workpiece caused by the precipitation of one or more compounds from a supersaturated solid solution ISO 4885:2018-02 ElementaryParticle From Latin elementārius (“elementary”), from elementum (“one of the four elements of antiquity; fundamentals”). Technology refers to methods, systems, and devices which are the result of scientific knowledge being used for practical purposes. https://www.collinsdictionary.com/it/dizionario/inglese/technology Forming of vessel parts from a flat mould into a three-dimensional shape by means of a press and tools, whereby material is neither removed nor added DIN EN 13831:2007-12 Heat to a temperature appropriate for the particular material, maintain at that temperature and then cool at an appropriate rate to reduce hardness, improve machinability or achieve desired properties. DIN EN ISO 15156-3:2015-12 Wholistic From the word 'holistic' with the 'w-' prefix, due to the affinity with the existing word 'whole', that share the same meaning of 'holos'. Screwing (screwing on, screwing in, screwing tight) is joining by pressing on by means of a self-locking thread (from: DIN 8593 Part 3/09.85). DIN 65099-5:1989-11 Strengthening by rolling is the strengthening of component surfaces by mechanically generating compressive stresses in the component surface and consolidating the material. DIN 65099-7:1989-11 CausalSystem From Latin causa (“reason, sake, cause”), and Ancient Greek σύστημα (sústēma, “musical scale; organized body; whole made of several parts or members”), from σῠν- (sun-, prefix meaning ‘with, together’) + ἵστημι (hístēmi, “to stand”). ISO/ASTM TR 52906:2022 Additive manufacturing sintering: process of heating a powder metal compact to increase density and/or improve mechanical properties via solid state diffusion https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso-astm:tr:52906:ed-1:v1:en:term:3.9 This axiom underlines the monodimensional nature of a causal chain, as a sequence of quanta. AnalogicalIcon From Ancient Greek ἀναλογία (analogía), from ἀνά (aná) + λόγος (lógos, “speech, reckoning”). A part is always distinct xor redundant. Transitivity for parthood. u ≡ σx⟨P(x, x)⟩ This definition reads: "The universe is the sum of all entities that are part of themselves". Since parthood (P) is reflexive by axiom, then the universe is the sum of all mereological entities. (according to DIN 8200) Shot peening to generate residual compressive stresses in layers of the blasting material close to the surface in order to improve certain component properties, e.g. fatigue strength, corrosion resistance, wear resistance (from: DIN 8200:1982) DIN 65099-7:1989-11 Source code (also referred to as source or code) is the version of software as it is originally written (i.e., typed into a computer) by a human in plain text (i.e., human readable alphanumeric characters). http://www.linfo.org/source_code.html Enforcing reflexivity of overlapping. Enforcing the fact that an entity cannot cause itself. Simulacrum From Latin simulacrum ("likeness, semblance") CausalParticle From Latin particula (“small part, particle”), diminutive of pars (“part, piece”). Document From Latin documentum, from the verb doceō (“teach”) +‎ -mentum. Collection From Latin collectio, from colligere ‘gather together’. A path is a string of characters used to uniquely identify a location in a directory structure according to a particular convention. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Path_(computing)#Universal_Naming_Convention Object that is processed with a machine DIN EN ISO 5349-2:2015-12 This axiom reflects the fact the the universe is causally self-connected. In fact, a non causally connected universe would have been the sum of causally independend sub-universes, without any knowledge of others. This axiom may be seen as Ockam's razor applied to causality. Mechanical separation of workpieces without the formation of shapeless material, i.e. also without chips (chipless). DIN 8588:2013-08 ISO 3252:2019 Powder metallurgy liquid-phase sintering: sintering of a powder or compact containing at least two constituents, under conditions such that a liquid phase is formed https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:3252:ed-5:v1:en:term:3.3.32 PhysicalObject From Latin physica "study of nature" (and Ancient Greek φυσικός, “natural”), and Medieval Latin obiectum (“object”, literally “thrown against”). Type of scratching behaviour where the scratching force and the (displacement) deflection of the scratching tip are constant over the scratching distance during the test. DIN EN ISO 472/A1:2019-03 Redundant(x) ≡ ∃φ[φ(x) ∧ ∃yRP⟨φ⟩(y, x)] EMMO EMMO is the acronym of Elementary Multiperspective Material Ontology. IntentionalProcess From Latin intentionem, derived from intendere ("stretching out") Conversion of materials and assembly of components for the manufacture of products DIN EN 14943:2006-03 Implementig transitivity. CausalStructure From Latin causa (“reason, sake, cause”), and from Latin struere (“arrange, assemble, build”). Role From French rôle, from obsolete French roule ‘roll’, referring originally to the roll of paper on which the actor's part was written. Definitions are usually taken from Wiktionary. https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary Device From Old French "deviser", meaning: arrange, plan, contrive. Literally "dispose in portions," from Vulgar Latin "divisare", frequentative of Latin dividere, meaning "to divide". Manufacturing by changing the properties of the material of which a workpiece is made, which is done, among other things, by changes in the submicroscopic or atomic range, e.g. by diffusion of atoms, generation and movement of dislocations in the atomic lattice or chemical reactions, and where unavoidable changes in shape are not part of the essence of these processes. DIN 8580:2022-12 Process for joining two (base) materials by means of an adhesive polymer material DIN EN 62047-1:2016-12 Machining with a circular cutting movement, usually associated with a multi-toothed tool, and with a feed movement perpendicular or oblique to the axis of rotation of the tool, to produce any workpiece surface. DIN 8589-3:2003-09 In the physical sciences, a phase is a region of space (a thermodynamic system), throughout which all physical properties of a material are essentially uniform. Examples of physical properties include density, index of refraction, magnetization and chemical composition. A simple description is that a phase is a region of material that is chemically uniform, physically distinct, and (often) mechanically separable. In a system consisting of ice and water in a glass jar, the ice cubes are one phase, the water is a second phase, and the humid air is a third phase over the ice and water. The glass of the jar is another separate phase. The term phase is sometimes used as a synonym for state of matter, but there can be several immiscible phases of the same state of matter. Also, the term phase is sometimes used to refer to a set of equilibrium states demarcated in terms of state variables such as pressure and temperature by a phase boundary on a phase diagram. Because phase boundaries relate to changes in the organization of matter, such as a change from liquid to solid or a more subtle change from one crystal structure to another, this latter usage is similar to the use of "phase" as a synonym for state of matter. However, the state of matter and phase diagram usages are not commensurate with the formal definition given above and the intended meaning must be determined in part from the context in which the term is used. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase_(matter) One-dimensional manifolds include lines and circles, but not self-crossing curves. Two-dimensional manifolds are also called surfaces. Examples include the plane, the sphere, and the torus, and also the Klein bottle and real projective plane. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manifold Axioms to add to the OWL 2 RL version of the ontology to reach DL expressivity. https://www.w3.org/TR/2012/REC-owl2-profiles-20121211/ CausalObject From Latin causa (“reason, sake, cause”), and Medieval Latin obiectum (“object”, literally “thrown against”). Thermal ablation is the separation of material particles in solid, liquid or gaseous state by heat processes as well as the removal of these material particles by mechanical or electromagnetic forces (from: DIN DIN 65099-4:1989-11 application of scientific knowledge, tools, techniques, crafts, systems or methods of organization in order to solve a problem or achieve an objective EN 16603-11:2019-11 ISO 3252:2019 Powder metallurgy reaction sintering: process wherein at least two constituents of a powder mixture react during sintering https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:3252:ed-5:v1:en:term:3.3.55 Estimation From Latin aestimatus (“to value, rate, esteem”). ISO 8887-1:2017 manufacturing: production of components https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:8887:-1:ed-1:v1:en:term:3.1.5 Property From Latin proprietas (“a peculiarity, one's peculiar nature or quality, right or fact of possession, property”), from proprius (“special, particular, one's own”). machining with a circular cutting movement in which the axis of rotation of the tool and the axis of the internal surface to be produced are identical and the feed movement is in the direction of this axis. The axis of rotation of the cutting movement maintains its position relative to the workpiece independently of the feed movement (axis of rotation workpiece-bound). DIN 8589-2:2003-09 Assemblying From Old French asembler, based on Latin ad- ‘to’ + simul ‘together’. Index From Latin index (“a discoverer, informer, spy; of things, an indicator, the forefinger, a title, superscription”), from indicō (“point out, show”). RP(x, y) ≡ PP(x, y) ∧ ∃φ(φ(x) ∧ φ(y)) We usa a predicate template notation as RP<φ>(x,y) to specify subclasses of RP(x,y) for the class φ, meaning that RP<φ>(x, y) ≡ PP(x, y) ∧ φ(x) ∧ φ(y) φ is a class of the theory that in the EMMO OWL is supposed to be subclass of CausalStructure. The raw material or partially finished piece that is shaped by performing various operations. https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/workpiece Manufacturing by separating particles of material from a solid body by non-mechanical means. Ablation refers both to the removal of layers of material and to the separation of workpiece parts. The production process of ablation is considered in its stationary instantaneous state, independently of the application of auxiliary processes necessary to initiate the process. Ablation is divided into three subgroups according to the order point of view (OGP) "process in the effective zone on the surface of the workpiece": - thermal ablation; - chemical ablation; - electrochemical ablation. DIN 8590 Berichtigung 1:2004-02 process of joining materials to make parts from 3D model data, usually layer upon layer, as opposed to subtractive manufacturing (3.1.29) and formative manufacturing methodologies, ISO 23704-1:2022(en), 3.1.2 Symbolic From Ancient Greek σύμβολον (súmbolon, “a sign by which one infers something; a mark, token, badge, ticket, tally, check, a signal, watchword, outward sign”), from συμβάλλω (sumbállō, “I throw together, dash together, compare, correspond, tally, come to a conclusion”), from σύν (sún, “with, together”) + βάλλω (bállō, “I throw, put”). Model From Latin modus (“measure”). Nailing is joining by hammering or pressing nails (wire pins) as auxiliary parts into the solid material. Several parts are joined by pressing them together (from: DIN 8593 part 3/09.85). DIN 65099-5:1989-11 mereological Coined by Stanisław Leśniewski in 1927, from Ancient Greek μέρος (méros, “part”) +‎ -logy (“study, discussion, science”). https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/mereology isCauseOf From Latin causa (“reason, sake, cause”). Software From soft +‎ -ware, by contrast with hardware (“the computer itself”). Coined by Paul Niquette in 1953. Dedomena From Greek, nominative plural form of δεδομένο (dedoméno) (data, information) CEN Workshop Agreement – CWA 17284 “Materials modelling – terminology, classification and metadata” https://www.cencenelec.eu/media/CEN-CENELEC/CWAs/RI/cwa17284_2018.pdf Item From Latin item, "likewise, just so, moreover". A material is a crystal if it has essentially a sharp diffraction pattern. A solid is a crystal if it has essentially a sharp diffraction pattern. The word essentially means that most of the intensity of the diffraction is concentrated in relatively sharp Bragg peaks, besides the always present diffuse scattering. In all cases, the positions of the diffraction peaks can be expressed by H=∑ni=1hia∗i (n≥3) https://dictionary.iucr.org/Crystal Implementation of equality based on mereology. Forming of a solid body, whereby the plastic state is essentially brought about by shear stress. DIN 8587:2003-09 In manufacturing, a workpiece is a single, delimited part of largely solid material that is processed in some form (e.g. stone ). https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Werkst%C3%BCck The subject of condensed matter physics that deals with the macroscopic and microscopic physical properties of matter, especially the solid and liquid phases which arise from electromagnetic forces between atoms. More generally, the subject deals with "condensed" phases of matter: systems of many constituents with strong interactions between them. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Condensed_matter_physics Continuous or stepwise pressure forming with one or more rotating tools (rollers), without or with additional tools, e.g. plugs or mandrels, rods, guide tools DIN 8583-2:2003-09 Perceptual From Latin percipiō, past participle perceptus (“take hold of, obtain, receive, observe”), from per (“by, through”) + capiō (“to take”). heat treatment consisting of heating and soaking at a suitable temperature, followed by cooling under conditions such that, after return to ambient temperature, the metal will be in a structural state closer to that of equilibrium EN 10028-1:2017-07 Axiom not included in the theory because of OWL 2 DL global restrictions for decidability. https://www.w3.org/TR/2012/REC-owl2-syntax-20121211/#Global_Restrictions_on_Axioms_in_OWL_2_DL ISO 3252:2019 Powder metallurgy loose-powder sintering, gravity sintering: sintering of uncompacted powder https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:3252:ed-5:v1:en:term:3.3.33 CausalCluster From Proto-Germanic *klas-, *klus- (“to clump, lump together”). ISO 15531-1:2004 manufacturing: function or act of converting or transforming material from raw material or semi-finished state to a state of further completion https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:15531:-1:ed-1:v1:en:term:3.6.22 Fundamental From Latin fundamentum (“foundation”), from fundō (“to lay the foundation (of something), to found”), from fundus (“bottom”). The equalsTo object property is equivalent to the OWL SameAs A tessellation (or tiling) is the covering of a surface, often a plane, using one or more geometric shapes, called tiles, with no overlaps and no gaps. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tessellation Heat treatment process that generally produces martensite in the matrix. ISO/TR 10809-1:2009, 0000_19 ResemblanceIcon From Old French sambler, sembler, from Late Latin similāre, present active infinitive of similō, from Latin similis, from Proto-Italic *semalis, from Proto-Indo-European *sem- (“together, one”). Data From Latin data, nominative plural of datum (“that is given”), neuter past participle of dō (“I give”). ISO 18435-1:2009 manufacturing process: set of processes in manufacturing involving a flow and/or transformation of material, information, energy, control, or any other element in a manufacturing area https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:18435:-1:ed-1:v1:en:term:3.16 Technology is the application of knowledge for achieving practical goals in a reproducible way. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technology Crystal From Ancient Greek κρύσταλλος (krústallos, “clear ice”), from κρύος (krúos, “frost”). In Peirce semiotics three subtypes of icon are possible: (a) the image, which depends on a simple quality (e.g. picture) (b) the diagram, whose internal relations, mainly dyadic or so taken, represent by analogy the relations in something (e.g. math formula, geometric flowchart) (c) the metaphor, which represents the representative character of a sign by representing a parallelism in something else [Wikipedia] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semiotic_theory_of_Charles_Sanders_Peirce#II._Icon,_index,_symbol Machine From Latin māchina (“a machine, engine, contrivance, device, stratagem, trick”), from Doric Greek μᾱχᾰνᾱ́ (mākhanā́), cognate with Attic Greek μηχᾰνή (mēkhanḗ, “a machine, engine, contrivance, device”), from which comes mechanical. ISO 15531-1:2004 discrete manufacturing: production of discrete items. https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:15531:-1:ed-1:v1:en:term:3.6.9 Cutting workpieces between two cutting edges that move past each other (see Figure 1 [see figure in the standard]). DIN 8588:2013-08 Lifetime From Middle English liftime, equivalent to life +‎ time. A program is a sequence of instructions understandable by a computer's central processing unit (CPU) that indicates which operations the computer should perform on a set of data. http://www.linfo.org/program.html Joining process by softening the surfaces to be joined, either by heat or with a solvent (swelling welding, solvent welding), and pressing the softened surfaces together. DIN EN 13956:2013-03 Forming of a solid body, whereby the plastic state is essentially brought about by a bending stress. DIN 8586:2003-09 Removal of material by means of rigid or flexible discs or belts containing abrasives. DIN EN 12258-1:2012-08 DP(x, y) ≡ PP(x, y) ∧ ∃φ[φ(x) ↔ ¬φ(y)] We usa a predicate template notation as DP<φ>(x,y) to specify subclasses of DP(x,y) for the class φ, meaning that DP<φ>(x, y) ≡ PP(x, y) ∧ (φ(x) ↔ ¬φ(y)) φ is a class of the theory Method of joining metallic materials with the aid of a molten filler metal (solder), optionally with the use of flow agents DIN 55405:2014-12 A Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) is a compact sequence of characters that identifies an abstract or physical resource. https://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3986.txt Verfestigen durch Umformen DIN 8580:2022-12 Process consisting of two steps: - first, the steel is heated in a quenching treatment to a temperature above Ac3 and then rapidly cooled in a liquid to produce a process-specific grain structure; - subsequently, the steel is heated to a specific temperature during tempering to set the desired property and cooled in air. DIN EN 10210-3:2020-11 A supply chain is a system of organizations, people, activities, information, and resources involved in supplying a product or service to a consumer. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supply_chain Artifact From Latin arte ‘by or using art’ + factum ‘something made’. Forming of a solid body, whereby the plastic state is essentially brought about by a bending stress DIN 8586:2003-09 Manufacturing From Latin manu factum ("made by hand"). Whole From Middle English hole (“healthy, unhurt, whole”). CausalChain From Old French chaine, chaene (“chain”), from Latin catēna (“chain”). Widening is tensile forming to increase the circumference of a hollow body. A distinction is made between: Widening, bulging. DIN 8585-3:2003-09 All or part of the programs, procedures, rules, and associated documentation of an information processing system. https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/fr/#iso:std:iso-iec:2382:-1:ed-3:en A manufacturing process in which metallic material is anodically dissolved under the influence of an electric current and an electrolyte solution. The current flow can be caused either by connection to an external current source or due to local element formation on the workpiece (etching). DIN 8590 Berichtigung 1:2004-02 application of scientific knowledge, tools, techniques, crafts or systems in order to solve a problem or to achieve an objective which can result in a product or process ISO 14034:2016-11 Draw forming by drawing a workpiece through a tool opening that is narrowed in the drawing direction. DIN 8584-2:2003-09 All EMMO individuals are part of the most comprehensive entity which is the universe. Icon From Ancient Greek εἰκών (eikṓn, “likeness, image, portrait”). Cogniser From Latin cognitio (“knowledge, perception, a judicial examination, trial”), from cognitus, past participle of cognoscere (“to know”), from co- (“together”) + *gnoscere, older form of noscere (“to know” Process for removing unwanted residual or waste material from a given product or material ISO 13574:2015-02 2 Every collection has at least two item members, since a collection of one item is a self-connected entity (and then an item). A collective term for the processes in which, during joining, the parts to be joined and any auxiliary parts are essentially only elastically deformed and unintentional loosening is prevented by frictional connection. DIN 8593-3:2003-09 Language From Latin lingua (“tongue, speech, language”), from Old Latin dingua (“tongue”). Free forming is pressure forming with tools that do not or only partially contain the shape of the workpiece and move against each other (from: DIN 8583 Part 3/05.70). DIN 65099-3:1989-11 Factory From Latin factor, from fact- ‘done’, from the verb facere (to do). An Internationalized Resource Identifier (IRI) is a compact sequence of characters that identifies an abstract or physical resource. It is similar to URI, but greatly extends the allowed character set from ASCII to the Universal Character Set (Unicode/ISO 10646).. https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/rfc3987/ Software is usually used as a generic term for programs. However, in its broadest sense it can refer to all information (i.e., both programs and data) in electronic form and can provide a distinction from hardware, which refers to computers or other electronic systems on which software can exist and be use. Here we explicitly include in the definition also all the data (e.g. source code, script files) that takes part to the building of the executable, are necessary to the execution of a program or that document it for the users. http://www.linfo.org/program.html The term "Uniform Resource Locator" (URL) refers to the subset of URIs that, in addition to identifying a resource, provide a means of locating the resource by describing its primary access mechanism (e.g., its network "location"). https://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3986.txt Metrology is the science of measurement and its application and includes all theoretical and practical aspects of measurement, whatever the measurement uncertainty and field of application (VIM3 2.2) https://www.bipm.org/documents/20126/2071204/JCGM_200_2012.pdf Engineered From Latin ingenium "innate qualities, ability; inborn character," in Late Latin "a war engine, battering ram"; literally "that which is inborn," from in- ("in") + gignere ("give birth, beget"). Implementing Transitivity. Boson 1940s: named after S.N. Bose. The term "Uniform Resource Name" (URN) has been used historically to refer to both URIs under the "urn" scheme [RFC2141], which are required to remain globally unique and persistent even when the resource ceases to exist or becomes unavailable, and to any other URI with the properties of a name. https://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3986.txt Quantum From Latin quantum (plural quanta) "as much as, so much as". Oxy ≡ ∃z(Pzx ∧ Pzy) Particle From Latin particula (“small part, particle”), diminutive of pars (“part, piece”). Treatment carried out after hardening or case hardening consisting of cooling to a temperature below room temperature to complete the transformation of austenite to martensite DIN EN ISO 4885:2018-07 We call "decoding" the act of recognise the variation according to a particular rule and generate another equivalent schema (e.g. in the agent's cognitive apparatus, as another form of data). We call "interpreting" the act of providing semantic meaning to data, which is covered by the semiotic perspective. The electronical state of the RAM of my laptop is decoded by it as ASCII characters and printed on the screen. Implementing transitivity. A part is always distinct xor redundant. The General Definition of Information (GDI) can be used to define the concept of information. (GDI) a is an instance of information, understood as semantic content, if and only if: GDI.l) a consists of n data, for n > 1; GDI.2) the data are well formed; GDI.3) the well-formed data are meaningful. In the EMMO conceptualisation, well-formed data are data with a specific syntactic structure (symbolic and reductionistic modules), while meaningful data are data that are part of a semiotic interpretation process that declares what the data are about (semiotic module). Luciano Floridi, "Information - A Very Short Introduction", Oxford University Press (2010) ISBN: 9780199551378 The permanent joining or other bringing together of two or more workpieces of a geometric shape or of similar workpieces with shapeless material. In each case, the cohesion is created locally and increased as a whole. DIN 8593-0:2003-09 Forming of a solid body, whereby the plastic state is essentially brought about by uniaxial or multiaxial compressive stress. DIN 8583-1:2003-09 Computation From Latin con- +‎ putō (“I reckon”). IntentionalAgency From Latin agēns (present participle of agere (“to act”)) Graphical From the Ancient Greek γραφή (graphḗ) which means drawing, painting, writing, a writing, description, and from γράφω (gráphō) which means scratch, carve. The term graphical is used in etymological sense, comprising both writings and visual arts. Machining in which a tool is used whose number of cutting edges, geometry of the cutting wedges and position of the cutting edges in relation to the workpiece are determined DIN 8589-0:2003-09 Part From Latin partire, partiri ‘divide, share’. The term 'part' is here intended not only in mereological sense but also as role. For example. the term part is used to define the role played by an actor, specifying not only a mereological participation of the actor to an act, but also a specific role for that actor. Procedure From Latin pro-cedere (“to go forward, to proceed”). Variable Fom Latin variabilis ("changeable"). Shot peening is shot peening for shaping or straightening workpieces by introducing residual compressive stresses (from: DIN 8200/10.82). DIN 65099-3:1989-11 Fundamental(x) ≡ ∃φ[φ(x) ∧ ¬∃yRP⟨φ⟩(y, x)] Tool Old English tōl, from a Germanic base meaning ‘prepare’. CEN Workshop Agreement – CWA 17284 “Materials modelling – terminology, classification and metadata” https://www.cencenelec.eu/media/CEN-CENELEC/CWAs/RI/cwa17284_2018.pdf The agent concept identifies the parts of a process that are also its drivers. An agent part has an active role with respect to any other generic part, meaning that is involved in the causal chain that characterize the process. An agent is a participant, meaning that is qualifiable as an object. As for all holistic relations, there is a level of subjectivity in drawing whole-role relations, so that the identification of an agent within a process is not fully axiomatizable. What is axiomatically expressible is that an agent requires to be part of a process (i.e., an agent exists only within a process) but a process may not require an agent to exist (qualified role). Agentless processes may have a distributed causality chain so that the agency is exerted collectively and there is no motivation to draw an holistic connection between the whole and some parts. For example, the breaking of a nail can be caused by an agent such as an hammer, or by the rusting process which is not a participant as required by the agent definition. This concept covers both intentional and non intentional agency. A variable is a symbolic object that stands for any other mathematical object, such as number, a vector, a matrix, a function, the argument of a function, a set, an element of a set. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variable_(mathematics) Q(x) ≡ ¬∃y(PP(y,x)) Causality is the fundamental concept describing how entities affect each other, and conceptually precedes time and space relations. In the EMMO causality is the foundation for space and time relations. Embracing a strong reductionistic view, causality originates at quantum entities level, meaning that causal relations between macroscopic entities is simply the sum of quantum level causality relations. doi:10.3233/FAIA231120 The EMMO conceptualises the world using the primitive concepts of causality and parthood. Parthood is about the composition of world entities starting from other more fundamental entities. Causality is about the interactions between world entities. The quantum is the smallest indivisible part of any world entity. Quantum individuals are the fundamental causal constituents of the universe, since it is implied that causality originates from quantum-to-quantum interactions. Quantums are no-dimensional, and their aggregation makes spacetime emerge from their causal structure. We can think of a quantum as an elementary particle after and interaction and before another interaction. Causality between macro entities (i.e. entities made of more than one quantum) is explained as the sum of the causality relations between their quantum constituents. Fundamental interactions (quantum fields) are represented as symmetric causality relation between macro entities, while classical interactions are mediated by chain of quantums (i.e. elementary particles). The fundamental distinction between world entities is causality self-connectedness: a world entity can be self-connected xor not self-connected depending on the causality network of its fundamental components. Void regions do not exist in the EMMO. In other words there is no spacetime without entities and spacetime emerges as relational property not as a self-standing entity). Entities are not placed in space or time: space and time are measured quantities, always relative between entities and are measured. In other words, space and time relations originates from causality interactions. While EMMO mereocausality conceptualisation can be used on any possibile domain, so that a quantum can be a Lego brick or an furniture component, it can be better understood when a quantum is elucidated as an elementary particle after and interaction and before another interaction. (e.g. quark, photon). Cutting with circular or straight cutting motion, using a multi-toothed tool of small cutting width, the cutting motion being performed by the tool DIN 8589-6:2003-09 ISO 55000:2014 organization: person or group of people that has its own functions with responsibilities, authorities and relationships to achieve its objectives https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:55000:ed-1:v2:en:term:3.1.13 action to disassemble a product or a component by removing all or some of its constituent parts with the intent to salvage DIN EN 9110:2018-08 fabrication of objects through the deposition of a material using a print head, nozzle or another printer technology Note 1 to entry: This term is often used in a non-technical context synonymously with additive manufacturing (3.1.2) and, in these cases, typically associated with machines used for non-industrial purposes including personal use. ISO/ASTM 52900:2021(en), 3.3.1 Fusion From Latin fusio, from fundere ‘pour, melt’. CausalPath From Ancient Greek πάτος (pátos, “path”). The set of established forms or methods of an organized body for accomplishing a certain task or tasks (Wiktionary). https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/procedure hasSuccessor From Latin succedĕre ("coming after"). Every entity is made of quantum parts. This axiomatisation is the expression of the radical reductionistic approach of the EMMO. a physical artifact, real or virtual, intended for subsequent transformation within some manufacturing operation ISO 23952:2020(en), 3.4.143 The OWL 2 DL version of the EMMO introduces this object property as primitive causal relation. It refers to the macro causality relation mC(x,y), defined in the EMMO FOL version. While the EMMO FOL introduces the quantum causality relation C(x,y) as primitive, the OWL 2 DL version of the EMMO substantially simplifies the theory, neglecting these lower level relations that are well above DL expressivity. For this reason the EMMO OWL 2 DL will only deal with macro causality relations, sacrificing the full FOL theory expressivity for the sake of simplicity. doi:10.3233/FAIA231120 Enforcing parthood reflexivity. Matter From Latin materia (“matter, stuff, material”), from mater (“mother”). A measurement is the process of experimentally obtaining one or more measurement results that can reasonably be attributed to a quantity. https://www.iso.org/standard/45324.html DigitalData From Latin digitus (“finger”). Dxy ≡ ¬Oxy. Elementary From Latin elementārius (“elementary”), from elementum (“one of the four elements of antiquity; fundamentals”). Free forming is pressure forming with tools that do not or only partially contain the shape of the workpiece and move against each other. DIN 65099-3:1989-11