Question: in 2005 what was industrial packaging the profit margin (in percentage)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    profit = 219
    sales = 4625

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = (profit / sales) * 100

    return answer

tissue pulp due to strong market demand , partic- ularly from asia . average sales price realizations improved significantly in 2007 , principally reflecting higher average prices for softwood , hardwood and fluff pulp . operating earnings in 2007 were $ 104 mil- lion compared with $ 48 million in 2006 and $ 37 mil- lion in 2005 . the benefits from higher sales price realizations were partially offset by increased input costs for energy , chemicals and freight . entering the first quarter of 2008 , demand for market pulp remains strong , and average sales price realiza- tions should increase slightly . however , input costs for energy , chemicals and freight are expected to be higher , and increased spending is anticipated for planned mill maintenance outages . industrial packaging demand for industrial packaging products is closely correlated with non-durable industrial goods pro- duction , as well as with demand for processed foods , poultry , meat and agricultural products . in addition to prices and volumes , major factors affecting the profitability of industrial packaging are raw material and energy costs , freight costs , manufacturing effi- ciency and product mix . industrial packaging net sales for 2007 increased 6% ( 6 % ) to $ 5.2 billion compared with $ 4.9 bil- lion in 2006 , and 13% ( 13 % ) compared with $ 4.6 billion in 2005 . operating profits in 2007 were 26% ( 26 % ) higher than in 2006 and more than double 2005 earnings . bene- fits from improved price realizations ( $ 147 million ) , sales volume increases net of increased lack of order downtime ( $ 3 million ) , a more favorable mix ( $ 31 million ) , strong mill and converting operations ( $ 33 million ) and other costs ( $ 47 million ) were partially offset by the effects of higher raw material costs ( $ 76 million ) and higher freight costs ( $ 18 million ) . in addition , a gain of $ 13 million was recognized in 2006 related to a sale of property in spain and costs of $ 52 million were incurred in 2007 related to the conversion of the paper machine at pensacola to production of lightweight linerboard . the segment took 165000 tons of downtime in 2007 which included 16000 tons of market-related downtime compared with 135000 tons of downtime in 2006 of which none was market-related . industrial packaging in millions 2007 2006 2005 .
|<i>In millions</i>|2007|2006|2005|
|Sales|$5,245|$4,925|$4,625|
|Operating Profit|$501|$399|$219|
 north american industrial packaging net sales for 2007 were $ 3.9 billion , compared with $ 3.7 billion in 2006 and $ 3.6 billion in 2005 . operating profits in 2007 were $ 407 million , up from $ 327 mil- lion in 2006 and $ 170 million in 2005 . containerboard shipments were higher in 2007 compared with 2006 , including production from the paper machine at pensacola that was converted to lightweight linerboard during 2007 . average sales price realizations were significantly higher than in 2006 reflecting price increases announced early in 2006 and in the third quarter of 2007 . margins improved reflecting stronger export demand . manu- facturing performance was strong , although costs associated with planned mill maintenance outages were higher due to timing of outages . raw material costs for wood , energy , chemicals and recycled fiber increased significantly . operating results for 2007 were also unfavorably impacted by $ 52 million of costs associated with the conversion and startup of the pensacola paper machine . u.s . converting sales volumes were slightly lower in 2007 compared with 2006 reflecting softer customer box demand . earnings improvement in 2007 bene- fited from the realization of box price increases announced in early 2006 and late 2007 . favorable manufacturing operations and higher sales prices for waste fiber more than offset significantly higher raw material and freight costs . looking ahead to the first quarter of 2008 , sales volumes are expected to increase slightly , and results should benefit from a full-quarter impact of the price increases announced in the third quarter of 2007 . however , additional mill maintenance outages are planned for the first quarter , and freight and input costs are expected to rise , particularly for wood and energy . manufacturing operations should be favorable compared with the fourth quarter . european industrial packaging net sales for 2007 were $ 1.1 billion , up from $ 1.0 billion in 2006 and $ 880 million in 2005 . sales volumes were about flat as early stronger demand in the industrial segment weakened in the second half of the year . operating profits in 2007 were $ 88 million compared with $ 69 million in 2006 and $ 53 million in 2005 . sales margins improved reflecting increased sales prices for boxes . conversion costs were favorable as the result of manufacturing improvement programs . entering the first quarter of 2008 , sales volumes should be strong seasonally across all regions as the winter fruit and vegetable season continues . profit margins , however , are expected to be somewhat lower. .


Question: what was the percent of the total purchase price for the purchase of a portfolio of five industrial buildings , in seattle , virginia and houston that was allocated to in-service real estate assets (in percentage)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    allocated_amount = 66.1
    total_purchase_price = 89.7

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = (allocated_amount / total_purchase_price) * 100

    return answer

use of estimates the preparation of the financial statements requires management to make a number of estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the period . actual results could differ from those estimates . ( 3 ) significant acquisitions and dispositions acquisitions we acquired total income producing real estate related assets of $ 219.9 million , $ 948.4 million and $ 295.6 million in 2007 , 2006 and 2005 , respectively . in december 2007 , in order to further establish our property positions around strategic port locations , we purchased a portfolio of five industrial buildings , in seattle , virginia and houston , as well as approximately 161 acres of undeveloped land and a 12-acre container storage facility in houston . the total price was $ 89.7 million and was financed in part through assumption of secured debt that had a fair value of $ 34.3 million . of the total purchase price , $ 66.1 million was allocated to in-service real estate assets , $ 20.0 million was allocated to undeveloped land and the container storage facility , $ 3.3 million was allocated to lease related intangible assets , and the remaining amount was allocated to acquired working capital related assets and liabilities . this allocation of purchase price based on the fair value of assets acquired is preliminary . the results of operations for the acquired properties since the date of acquisition have been included in continuing rental operations in our consolidated financial statements . in february 2007 , we completed the acquisition of bremner healthcare real estate ( 201cbremner 201d ) , a national health care development and management firm . the primary reason for the acquisition was to expand our development capabilities within the health care real estate market . the initial consideration paid to the sellers totaled $ 47.1 million , and the sellers may be eligible for further contingent payments over the next three years . approximately $ 39.0 million of the total purchase price was allocated to goodwill , which is attributable to the value of bremner 2019s overall development capabilities and its in-place workforce . the results of operations for bremner since the date of acquisition have been included in continuing operations in our consolidated financial statements . in february 2006 , we acquired the majority of a washington , d.c . metropolitan area portfolio of suburban office and light industrial properties ( the 201cmark winkler portfolio 201d ) . the assets acquired for a purchase price of approximately $ 867.6 million are comprised of 32 in-service properties with approximately 2.9 million square feet for rental , 166 acres of undeveloped land , as well as certain related assets of the mark winkler company , a real estate management company . the acquisition was financed primarily through assumed mortgage loans and new borrowings . the assets acquired and liabilities assumed were recorded at their estimated fair value at the date of acquisition , as summarized below ( in thousands ) : .
|Operating rental properties|$602,011|
|Land held for development|154,300|
|Total real estate investments|756,311|
|Other assets|10,478|
|Lease related intangible assets|86,047|
|Goodwill|14,722|
|Total assets acquired|867,558|
|Debt assumed|(148,527)|
|Other liabilities assumed|(5,829)|
|Purchase price, net of assumed liabilities|$713,202|
 purchase price , net of assumed liabilities $ 713202 .


Question: as of december 2018 what was the percent of the 2018 program still outstanding (in percentage)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    outstanding_amount = 2.2
    total_authorized = 2.5

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = (outstanding_amount / total_authorized) * 100

    return answer

table of contents tceq and harris county pollution control services department ( hcpcs ) ( houston terminal ) . we have an outstanding noe from the tceq and an outstanding vn from the hcpcs alleging excess emissions from tank 003 that occurred during hurricane harvey . we are working with the pertinent authorities to resolve these matters . item 4 . mine safety disclosures part ii item 5 . market for registrant 2019s common equity , related stockholder matters and issuer purchases of equity securities our common stock trades on the nyse under the trading symbol 201cvlo . 201d as of january 31 , 2019 , there were 5271 holders of record of our common stock . dividends are considered quarterly by the board of directors , may be paid only when approved by the board , and will depend on our financial condition , results of operations , cash flows , prospects , industry conditions , capital requirements , and other factors and restrictions our board deems relevant . there can be no assurance that we will pay a dividend at the rates we have paid historically , or at all , in the future . the following table discloses purchases of shares of our common stock made by us or on our behalf during the fourth quarter of 2018 . period total number of shares purchased average price paid per share total number of shares not purchased as part of publicly announced plans or programs ( a ) total number of shares purchased as part of publicly announced plans or programs approximate dollar value of shares that may yet be purchased under the plans or programs ( b ) .
|Period|Total Numberof SharesPurchased|AveragePrice Paidper Share|Total Number ofShares NotPurchased as Part ofPublicly AnnouncedPlans or Programs (a)|Total Number ofShares Purchased asPart of PubliclyAnnounced Plans orPrograms|Approximate DollarValue of Shares thatMay Yet Be PurchasedUnder the Plans orPrograms (b)|
|October 2018|939,957|$87.23|8,826|931,131|$2.7 billion|
|November 2018|3,655,945|$87.39|216,469|3,439,476|$2.4 billion|
|December 2018|3,077,364|$73.43|4,522|3,072,842|$2.2 billion|
|Total|7,673,266|$81.77|229,817|7,443,449|$2.2 billion|
 ( a ) the shares reported in this column represent purchases settled in the fourth quarter of 2018 relating to ( i ) our purchases of shares in open-market transactions to meet our obligations under stock-based compensation plans and ( ii ) our purchases of shares from our employees and non-employee directors in connection with the exercise of stock options , the vesting of restricted stock , and other stock compensation transactions in accordance with the terms of our stock-based compensation plans . ( b ) on january 23 , 2018 , we announced that our board of directors authorized our purchase of up to $ 2.5 billion of our outstanding common stock ( the 2018 program ) , with no expiration date , which was in addition to the remaining amount available under a $ 2.5 billion program authorized on september 21 , 2016 ( the 2016 program ) . during the fourth quarter of 2018 , we completed our purchases under the 2016 program . as of december 31 , 2018 , we had $ 2.2 billion remaining available for purchase under the 2018 program. .


Question: what is the risk free interest of the stock based compensation expense in 2017? (in percentage)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    stock_based_compensation_expense = 37 * 1000000
    risk_free_interest_rate = 2.1 / 100

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = stock_based_compensation_expense * risk_free_interest_rate

    return answer

baker hughes , a ge company notes to consolidated and combined financial statements bhge 2017 form 10-k | 83 issuance pursuant to awards granted under the lti plan over its term which expires on the date of the annual meeting of the company in 2027 . a total of 53.7 million shares of class a common stock are available for issuance as of december 31 , 2017 . as a result of the acquisition of baker hughes , on july 3 , 2017 , each outstanding baker hughes stock option was converted into an option to purchase a share of class a common stock in the company . consequently , we issued 6.8 million stock options which are fully vested . each converted option is subject to the same terms and conditions as applied to the original option , and the per share exercise price of each converted option was reduced by $ 17.50 to reflect the per share amount of the special dividend pursuant to the agreement associated with the transactions . additionally , as a result of the acquisition of baker hughes , there were 1.7 million baker hughes restricted stock units ( rsus ) that were converted to bhge rsus at a fair value of $ 40.18 . stock-based compensation cost is measured at the date of grant based on the calculated fair value of the award and is generally recognized on a straight-line basis over the vesting period of the equity grant . the compensation cost is determined based on awards ultimately expected to vest ; therefore , we have reduced the cost for estimated forfeitures based on historical forfeiture rates . forfeitures are estimated at the time of grant and revised , if necessary , in subsequent periods to reflect actual forfeitures . there were no stock-based compensation costs capitalized as the amounts were not material . during the year ended december 31 , 2017 , we issued 2.1 million rsus and 1.6 million stock options under the lti plan . these rsus and stock options generally vest in equal amounts over a three-year vesting period provided that the employee has remained continuously employed by the company through such vesting date . stock based compensation expense was $ 37 million in 2017 . included in this amount is $ 15 million of expense which relates to the acceleration of equity awards upon termination of employment of baker hughes employees with change in control agreements , and are included as part of "merger and related costs" in the consolidated and combined statements of income ( loss ) . as bhge llc is a pass through entity , any tax benefit would be recognized by its partners . due to its cumulative losses , bhge is unable to recognize a tax benefit on its share of stock related expenses . stock options the fair value of each stock option granted is estimated using the black-scholes option pricing model . the following table presents the weighted average assumptions used in the option pricing model for options granted under the lti plan . the expected life of the options represents the period of time the options are expected to be outstanding . the expected life is based on a simple average of the vesting term and original contractual term of the awards . the expected volatility is based on the historical volatility of our five main competitors over a six year period . the risk-free interest rate is based on the observed u.s . treasury yield curve in effect at the time the options were granted . the dividend yield is based on a five year history of dividend payouts in baker hughes. .
||2017|
|Expected life (years)|6|
|Risk-free interest rate|2.1%|
|Volatility|36.4%|
|Dividend yield|1.2%|
|Weighted average fair value per share at grant date|$12.32|
 .


Question: What is the average adjusted EBITDA in 2018 and 2019? (in million)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    adjusted_ebitda_2019 = 34.4
    adjusted_ebitda_2018 = 26.2

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = (adjusted_ebitda_2019 + adjusted_ebitda_2018) / 2

    return answer

||Fiscal 2019|Fiscal 2018|% Change|
|||(in millions)||
|Sales|$ 328.8|$  207.0|59 %|
|Operating income (loss)|7.8|(0.1)|n/a|
|Adjusted EBITDA|34.4|26.2|31|
 Cubic Mission Solutions Sales: CMS sales increased 59% to $328.8 million in fiscal 2019 compared to $207.0 million in 2018. The increase in sales resulted from increased product deliveries in all of our CMS product lines, and particularly expeditionary satellite communications products and secure network products. Businesses acquired during fiscal years 2019 and 2018 whose operations are included in our CMS operating segment had sales of $8.9 million and $0.6 million for fiscal years 2019 and 2018, respectively. Amortization of Purchased Intangibles: Amortization of purchased intangibles included in the CMS results amounted to $19.5 million in 2019 and $20.8 million in 2018. Operating Income: CMS had operating income of $7.8 million in 2019 compared to an operating loss of $0.1 million in 2018. The improvement in operating results was primarily from higher sales from expeditionary satellite communications products and secure networks products. The improvements in operating profits was partially offset by operating losses incurred by businesses that CMS acquired during fiscal 2019 and 2018. Businesses acquired by CMS in fiscal years 2019 and 2018 incurred operating losses of $12.8 million in fiscal 2019 compared to $3.5 million in fiscal 2018. Included in the operating loss incurred by acquired businesses are acquisition transaction costs of $1.6 million and $1.0 million incurred in fiscal years 2019 and 2018, respectively. In addition, the increase in operating profits was partially offset by an increase of $4.4 million in R&D expenditures from fiscal 2018 to fiscal 2019 related primarily to the development of secure communications and ISR-as-a-service technologies. Adjusted EBITDA: CMS Adjusted EBITDA increased 31% to $34.4 million in 2019 compared to $26.2 million in 2018. The increase in CMS Adjusted EBITDA was primarily due to the same factors that drove the increase in operating income described above, excluding the changes in amortization expense and acquisition transaction costs as such items are excluded from Adjusted EBITDA. Adjusted EBITDA for CMS increased by $0.5 million in 2019 as a result of the adoption of the new revenue recognition standard. The increase in Adjusted EBITDA was partially offset by the increase in R&D expenditures described above.


Question: what were total operating expenses in 2013? (in million)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    total_revenue = 40678
    net_income = 2526

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = total_revenue - net_income

    return answer

table of contents notes to consolidated financial statements of american airlines group inc . information generated by market transactions involving comparable assets , as well as pricing guides and other sources . the current market for the aircraft , the maintenance condition of the aircraft and the expected proceeds from the sale of the assets , among other factors , were considered . the market approach was utilized to value certain intangible assets such as airport take off and landing slots when sufficient market information was available . the income approach was primarily used to value intangible assets , including customer relationships , marketing agreements , certain international route authorities , and the us airways tradename . the income approach indicates value for a subject asset based on the present value of cash flows projected to be generated by the asset . projected cash flows are discounted at a required market rate of return that reflects the relative risk of achieving the cash flows and the time value of money . the cost approach , which estimates value by determining the current cost of replacing an asset with another of equivalent economic utility , was used , as appropriate , for certain assets for which the market and income approaches could not be applied due to the nature of the asset . the cost to replace a given asset reflects the estimated reproduction or replacement cost for the asset , less an allowance for loss in value due to depreciation . the fair value of us airways 2019 dividend miles loyalty program liability was determined based on the weighted average equivalent ticket value of outstanding miles which were expected to be redeemed for future travel at december 9 , 2013 . the weighted average equivalent ticket value contemplates differing classes of service , domestic and international itineraries and the carrier providing the award travel . pro-forma impact of the merger the company 2019s unaudited pro-forma results presented below include the effects of the merger as if it had been consummated as of january 1 , 2012 . the pro-forma results include the depreciation and amortization associated with the acquired tangible and intangible assets , lease and debt fair value adjustments , the elimination of any deferred gains or losses , adjustments relating to reflecting the fair value of the loyalty program liability and the impact of income changes on profit sharing expense , among others . in addition , the pro-forma results below reflect the impact of higher wage rates related to memorandums of understanding with us airways 2019 pilots that became effective upon closing of the merger , as well as the elimination of the company 2019s reorganization items , net and merger transition costs . however , the pro-forma results do not include any anticipated synergies or other expected benefits of the merger . accordingly , the unaudited pro-forma financial information below is not necessarily indicative of either future results of operations or results that might have been achieved had the acquisition been consummated as of january 1 , 2012 . december 31 , ( in millions ) .
||December 31, 2013  (In millions)|
|Revenue|$40,678|
|Net Income|2,526|
 5 . basis of presentation and summary of significant accounting policies ( a ) basis of presentation the consolidated financial statements for the full years of 2015 and 2014 and the period from december 9 , 2013 to december 31 , 2013 include the accounts of the company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries . for the periods prior to december 9 , 2013 , the consolidated financial statements do not include the accounts of us airways group . all significant intercompany transactions have been eliminated . the preparation of financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the united states ( gaap ) requires management to make certain estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities , revenues and expenses , and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements . actual results could differ from those estimates . the most significant areas .


Question: What is the company's total goodwill impairment in 2018 and 2019? (in thousand)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    impairment_2019 = 1910
    impairment_2018 = 14740

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = impairment_2018 + impairment_2019

    return answer

||Years Ended December 31,||Change||
||2019|2018|$|%|
|||(dollars in thousands)|||
|Impairment of goodwill|$1,910|$14,740|$(12,830)|(87%)|
|Percent of revenues, net|4%|26%|||
 Impairment of Goodwill We recorded a goodwill impairment charge of $1.9 million in the fourth quarter of 2019, reducing the goodwill balance to zero at that time. We also recorded a goodwill impairment charge of $14.7 million in the third quarter of 2018. Refer to Note 2 and Note 6 of the accompanying consolidated financial statements for additional information on these goodwill impairment charges.


Question: what percentage of net goodwill at december 31 2011 is comprised of (in percentage)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    net_goodwill_cabinets = 181
    total_net_goodwill = 1891

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = (net_goodwill_cabinets / total_net_goodwill) * 100

    return answer

masco corporation notes to consolidated financial statements ( continued ) h . goodwill and other intangible assets ( continued ) goodwill at december 31 , accumulated impairment losses goodwill at december 31 , 2010 additions ( a ) discontinued operations ( b ) pre-tax impairment charge other ( c ) goodwill at december 31 , cabinets and related products . . . . . . . . . . . $ 587 $ ( 364 ) $ 223 $ 2014 $ 2014 $ ( 44 ) $ 2 $ 181 .
||Gross  Goodwill At  December 31, 2010|Accumulated Impairment Losses|Net  Goodwill At  December 31, 2010|Additions(A)|Discontinued Operations(B)|Pre-tax Impairment Charge|Other(C)|Net  Goodwill At  December 31, 2011|
|Cabinets and Related Products|$587|$(364)|$223|$—|$—|$(44)|$2|$181|
|Plumbing Products|536|(340)|196|9|—|—|(4)|201|
|Installation and Other Services|1,819|(762)|1,057|—|(13)|—|—|1,044|
|Decorative Architectural Products|294|—|294|—|—|(75)|—|219|
|Other Specialty Products|980|(367)|613|—|—|(367)|—|246|
|Total|$4,216|$(1,833)|$2,383|$9|$(13)|$(486)|$(2)|$1,891|
 ( a ) additions include acquisitions . ( b ) during 2011 , the company reclassified the goodwill related to the business units held for sale . subsequent to the reclassification , the company recognized a charge for those business units expected to be divested at a loss ; the charge included a write-down of goodwill of $ 13 million . ( c ) other principally includes the effect of foreign currency translation and purchase price adjustments related to prior-year acquisitions . in the fourth quarters of 2012 and 2011 , the company completed its annual impairment testing of goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets . the impairment test in 2012 indicated there was no impairment of goodwill for any of the company 2019s reporting units . the impairment test in 2011 indicated that goodwill recorded for certain of the company 2019s reporting units was impaired . the company recognized the non-cash , pre-tax impairment charges , in continuing operations , for goodwill of $ 486 million ( $ 330 million , after tax ) for 2011 . in 2011 , the pre-tax impairment charge in the cabinets and related products segment relates to the european ready-to- assemble cabinet manufacturer and reflects the declining demand for certain products , as well as decreased operating margins . the pre-tax impairment charge in the decorative architectural products segment relates to the builders 2019 hardware business and reflects increasing competitive conditions for that business . the pre-tax impairment charge in the other specialty products segment relates to the north american window and door business and reflects the continuing weak level of new home construction activity in the western u.s. , the reduced levels of repair and remodel activity and the expectation that recovery in these segments will be modestly slower than anticipated . the company then assessed the long-lived assets associated with these business units and determined no impairment was necessary at december 31 , 2011 . other indefinite-lived intangible assets were $ 132 million and $ 174 million at december 31 , 2012 and 2011 , respectively , and principally included registered trademarks . in 2012 and 2011 , the impairment test indicated that the registered trademark for a north american business unit in the other specialty products segment and the registered trademark for a north american business unit in the plumbing products segment ( 2011 only ) were impaired due to changes in the long-term outlook for the business units . the company recognized non-cash , pre-tax impairment charges for other indefinite- lived intangible assets of $ 42 million ( $ 27 million , after tax ) and $ 8 million ( $ 5 million , after tax ) in 2012 and 2011 , respectively . in 2010 , the company recognized non-cash , pre-tax impairment charges for other indefinite-lived intangible assets of $ 10 million ( $ 6 million after tax ) related to the installation and other services segment ( $ 9 million pre-tax ) and the plumbing products segment ( $ 1 million pre-tax ) . .


Question: How much is the percentage change of total goodwill amount from 2017 to 2018? (in percent)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    total_goodwill_2017 = 24389
    total_goodwill_2018 = 24513

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = (total_goodwill_2018 - total_goodwill_2017) / total_goodwill_2017 * 100

    return answer

|(In Millions)|Dec 29, 2018|Acquisitions|Transfers|Other|Dec 28, 2019|
|Data Center Group|$5,424|$1,758|$—|$—|$7,155|
|Internet of Things Group|1,579|—|—|—|1,579|
|Mobileye|10,290|—|—|—|10,290|
|Programmable Solutions Group|2,579|67|—|8|2,681|
|Client Computing Group|4,403|—|—|(70)|4,333|
|All other|238|—|—|—|238|
|Total|$24,513|$1,825|$—|$(62)|$26,276|
|(In Millions)|Dec 30, 2017|Acquisitions|Transfers|Other|Dec 29, 2018|
|Data Center Group|$5,421|$3|$—|$—|$5,424|
|Internet of Things Group|1,126|16|480|(43)|1,579|
|Mobileye|10,278|7|—|5|10,290|
|Programmable Solutions Group|2,490|89|—|—|2,579|
|Client Computing Group|4,356|47|—|—|4,403|
|All other|718|—|(480)|—|238|
|Total|$24,389|$162|$—|$(38)|$24,513|
 Goodwill activity for each period was as follows: During the third quarter of 2018, we made an organizational change to combine our AI investments in edge computing with IOTG; accordingly, approximately $480 million of goodwill was reallocated from “all other” to the IOTG operating segment. During the fourth quarters of 2019 and 2018, we completed our annual impairment assessments and we concluded that goodwill was not impaired in either of these years. The accumulated impairment loss as of December 28, 2019 was $719 million: $365 million associated with CCG, $275 million associated with DCG, and $79 million associated with IOTG.


Question: What was the change in Total operating income in 2019 from 2018? (in million)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    operating_income_2019 = 302
    operating_income_2018 = 148

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = operating_income_2019 - operating_income_2018

    return answer

|||Fiscal|
||2019|2018|
|||(in millions)|
|Acquisition-related charges:|||
|Acquisition and integration costs|$  27|$  14|
|Charges associated with the amortization of acquisition related fair value adjustments|3|8|
||30|22|
|Restructuring and other charges, net|255|126|
|Other items(1)|17|—|
|Total|$  302|$  148|
 Operating income included the following: (1) Represents the write-off of certain spare parts. See discussion of operating income below under “Segment Results.”


Question: What is the nominal difference in contributed equity between 2018 and 2019 in terms of $M ? (in million)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    contributed_equity_2018 = 6055
    contributed_equity_2019 = 5828

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = contributed_equity_2018 - contributed_equity_2019

    return answer

||2019||2018||
||NUMBER||NUMBER||
|SHARE CAPITAL|M|$M|M|$M|
|1,258,690,067 fully paid ordinary shares (2018: 1,313,323,941)|||||
|Movement:|||||
|Balance at start of period|1,313.3|6,201|1,294.4|5,719|
|Share buy-back|(58.7)|(282)|–|–|
|Issue of shares to satisfy the dividend reinvestment plan|4.1|114|18.9|482|
|Balance at end of period|1,258.7|6,033|1,313.3|6,201|
|SHARES HELD IN TRUST|||||
|Movement:|||||
|Balance at start of period|(4.9)|(146)|(3.4)|(104)|
|Issue of shares to satisfy employee long-term incentive plans|0.2|6|0.6|21|
|Issue of shares to satisfy the dividend reinvestment plan|(0.2)|(5)|(0.1)|(3)|
|Purchase of shares by the Woolworths Employee Share Trust|(2.0)|(60)|(2.0)|(60)|
|Balance at end of period|(6.9)|(205)|(4.9)|(146)|
|Contributed equity at end of period|1,251.8|5,828|1,308.4|6,055|
 Contributed equity represents the number of ordinary shares on issue less shares held by the Group. A reconciliation is presented to show the total number of ordinary shares held by the Group which reduces the amount of total shares traded on-market. On 27 May 2019, the Group completed an off-market share buy-back of 58,733,844 ordinary shares. The ordinary shares were bought back at $28.94, representing a 14% discount to the Group’s market price of $33.64 (being the volume weighted average price of the Group’s ordinary shares over the five trading days up to and including the closing date of 24 May 2019), and comprised a fully franked dividend component of $24.15 per share ($1,419 million) and a capital component of $4.79 per share ($282 million), including $1 million of associated transaction costs (net of tax). The shares bought back were subsequently cancelled. Holders of ordinary shares are entitled to receive dividends as declared and are entitled to one vote per share at shareholders’ meetings. In the event of winding up of the Company, ordinary shareholders rank after creditors and are fully entitled to any proceeds of liquidation. Refer to Note 6.2 for further details of outstanding options and performance rights. Performance rights carry no rights to dividends and no voting rights.


Question: What proportion of level 2 inputs is made up of money market funds?  (in percent)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    money_market_funds = 2010
    total_level_2 = 442262

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = (money_market_funds / total_level_2) * 100

    return answer

|December 31, 2019|||||
||Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)|Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)|Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)|Total Fair Value|
|Assets:|||||
|Money market funds|$—|$2,010|$—|$2,010|
|U.S. treasury bonds|—|116,835|—|116,835|
|Commercial paper|—|44,300|—|44,300|
|Certificates of deposit|—|24,539|—|24,539|
|Asset-backed securities|—|73,499|—|73,499|
|Corporate debt securities|—|181,079|—|181,079|
|Total|$—|442,262|—|442,262|
 FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT The Company measures certain financial assets and liabilities at fair value. Fair value is determined based upon the exit price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants, as determined by either the principal market or the most advantageous market. Inputs used in the valuation techniques to derive fair values are classified based on a three-level hierarchy, as follows: Level 1—Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2—Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets with insufficient volume or infrequent transactions (less active markets), or model-derived valuations in which all significant inputs are observable or can be derived principally from or
corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities. Level 3—Unobservable inputs to the valuation methodology that are significant to the measurement of fair value of assets or liabilities. The Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. The Company’s investments are in money market funds, U.S. treasury bonds, commercial paper, certificates of deposit, asset-backed securities and corporate debt securities, which are classified as Level 2 within the fair value hierarchy, and were initially valued at the transaction price and subsequently valued at each reporting date utilizing market-observable data. The market-observable data included reportable trades, benchmark yields, credit spreads, broker/dealer quotes, bids, offers, current spot rates and other industry and economic events. The fair value of these assets measured on a recurring basis was determined using the following inputs as ofDecember 31, 2019 and 2018 (in thousands):


Question: What is the average of the Non-Swiss income from 2017 to 2019 (in thousand)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    non_swiss_2019 = 58147
    non_swiss_2018 = 54330
    non_swiss_2017 = 53445

    # Do math calculation to get the average Non-Swiss income
    answer = (non_swiss_2019 + non_swiss_2018 + non_swiss_2017) / 3

    return answer

|||Years Ended March 31,||
||2019|2018|2017|
|Swiss|$212,986|$177,935|$161,544|
|Non-Swiss|58,147|54,330|53,445|
|Income before taxes|$271,133|$232,265|$214,989|
 Note 7—Income Taxes The
Company
is
incorporated
in
Switzerland
but
operates
in
various
countries
with
differing
tax
laws
and
rates.
Further,
a
portion
of
the
Company's
income
(loss)
before
taxes
and
the
provision
for
(benefit
from)
income
taxes
is
generated
outside
of
Switzerland. Income
from
continuing
operations
before
income
taxes
for
fiscal
years
2019
,
2018
and
2017
is
summarized
as
follows
(in
thousands):


Question: for the ipl cumulative preferred stock , what was the dividend rate at december 31 , 2016 and 2015? (in percentage)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    dividend = 3
    preferred_stock = 60

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = (dividend / preferred_stock) * 100

    return answer

the aes corporation notes to consolidated financial statements december 31 , 2016 , 2015 , and 2014 the following table summarizes the company's redeemable stock of subsidiaries balances as of the periods indicated ( in millions ) : .
|December 31,|2016|2015|
|IPALCO common stock|$618|$460|
|Colon quotas(1)|100|—|
|IPL preferred stock|60|60|
|Other common stock|4|—|
|DPL preferred stock|—|18|
|Total redeemable stock of subsidiaries|$782|$538|
 _____________________________ ( 1 ) characteristics of quotas are similar to common stock . colon 2014 during the year ended december 31 , 2016 , our partner in colon increased their ownership from 25% ( 25 % ) to 49.9% ( 49.9 % ) and made capital contributions of $ 106 million . any subsequent adjustments to allocate earnings and dividends to our partner , or measure the investment at fair value , will be classified as temporary equity each reporting period as it is probable that the shares will become redeemable . ipl 2014 ipl had $ 60 million of cumulative preferred stock outstanding at december 31 , 2016 and 2015 , which represented five series of preferred stock . the total annual dividend requirements were approximately $ 3 million at december 31 , 2016 and 2015 . certain series of the preferred stock were redeemable solely at the option of the issuer at prices between $ 100 and $ 118 per share . holders of the preferred stock are entitled to elect a majority of ipl's board of directors if ipl has not paid dividends to its preferred stockholders for four consecutive quarters . based on the preferred stockholders' ability to elect a majority of ipl's board of directors in this circumstance , the redemption of the preferred shares is considered to be not solely within the control of the issuer and the preferred stock is considered temporary equity . dpl 2014 dpl had $ 18 million of cumulative preferred stock outstanding as of december 31 , 2015 , which represented three series of preferred stock issued by dp&l , a wholly-owned subsidiary of dpl . the dp&l preferred stock was redeemable at dp&l's option as determined by its board of directors at per-share redemption prices between $ 101 and $ 103 per share , plus cumulative preferred dividends . in addition , dp&l's amended articles of incorporation contained provisions that permitted preferred stockholders to elect members of the dp&l board of directors in the event that cumulative dividends on the preferred stock are in arrears in an aggregate amount equivalent to at least four full quarterly dividends . based on the preferred stockholders' ability to elect members of dp&l's board of directors in this circumstance , the redemption of the preferred shares was considered to be not solely within the control of the issuer and the preferred stock was considered temporary equity . in september 2016 , it became probable that the preferred shares would become redeemable . as such , the company recorded an adjustment of $ 5 million to retained earnings to adjust the preferred shares to their redemption value of $ 23 million . in october 2016 , dp&l redeemed all of its preferred shares . upon redemption , the preferred shares were no longer outstanding and all rights of the holders thereof as shareholders of dp&l ceased to exist . ipalco 2014 in february 2015 , cdpq purchased 15% ( 15 % ) of aes us investment , inc. , a wholly-owned subsidiary that owns 100% ( 100 % ) of ipalco , for $ 247 million , with an option to invest an additional $ 349 million in ipalco through 2016 in exchange for a 17.65% ( 17.65 % ) equity stake . in april 2015 , cdpq invested an additional $ 214 million in ipalco , which resulted in cdpq's combined direct and indirect interest in ipalco of 24.90% ( 24.90 % ) . as a result of these transactions , $ 84 million in taxes and transaction costs were recognized as a net decrease to equity . the company also recognized an increase to additional paid-in capital and a reduction to retained earnings of 377 million for the excess of the fair value of the shares over their book value . no gain or loss was recognized in net income as the transaction was not considered to be a sale of in-substance real estate . in march 2016 , cdpq exercised its remaining option by investing $ 134 million in ipalco , which resulted in cdpq's combined direct and indirect interest in ipalco of 30% ( 30 % ) . the company also recognized an increase to additional paid-in capital and a reduction to retained earnings of $ 84 million for the excess of the fair value of the shares over their book value . in june 2016 , cdpq contributed an additional $ 24 million to ipalco , with no impact to the ownership structure of the investment . any subsequent adjustments to allocate earnings and dividends to cdpq will be classified as nci within permanent equity as it is not probable that the shares will become redeemable. .


Question: What percentage of total non-marketable investments were accounted for using the equity method in 2019? (in percent)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    equity_method_investment = 8000
    total_non_marketable_investments = 9750

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = (equity_method_investment / total_non_marketable_investments) * 100

    return answer

||December 31,||
||2019|2018|
|Accounted for at cost, adjusted for observable price changes|$1,750|$1,250|
|Accounted for using the equity method|8,000|—|
|Total non-marketable investments|$9,750|$1,250|
 Strategic Investments In December 2019, the Company made a minority investment in a privately-held company, Talespin, Inc., for $8.0 million, representing approximately 13% equity ownership. The investment is accounted for using the equity method of accounting due to the Company’s ability to exercise significant influence. The Company’s non-marketable investments are composed of the following (in thousands):


Question: what was the change in defined contribution plans expenses for the u.s . between 2015 and 2016 in millions? (in million)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    expense_2016 = 42.5
    expense_2015 = 40.2

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = expense_2016 - expense_2015

    return answer

zimmer biomet holdings , inc . and subsidiaries 2017 form 10-k annual report notes to consolidated financial statements ( continued ) the following table provides a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of our foreign pension plan assets measured at fair value that used significant unobservable inputs ( level 3 ) ( in millions ) : .
||December 31, 2017|
|Beginning Balance|$78.7|
|Gains on assets sold|0.3|
|Change in fair value of assets|3.8|
|Net purchases and sales|5.2|
|Translation gain|3.0|
|Ending Balance|$91.0|
 we expect that we will have no legally required minimum funding requirements in 2018 for the qualified u.s . and puerto rico defined benefit retirement plans , nor do we expect to voluntarily contribute to these plans during 2018 . contributions to foreign defined benefit plans are estimated to be $ 17.0 million in 2018 . we do not expect the assets in any of our plans to be returned to us in the next year . defined contribution plans we also sponsor defined contribution plans for substantially all of the u.s . and puerto rico employees and certain employees in other countries . the benefits offered under these plans are reflective of local customs and practices in the countries concerned . we expensed $ 47.9 million , $ 42.5 million and $ 40.2 million related to these plans for the years ended december 31 , 2017 , 2016 and 2015 , respectively . 15 . income taxes 2017 tax act : the president signed u.s . tax reform legislation ( 201c2017 tax act 201d ) on december 22 , 2017 , which is considered the enactment date . the 2017 tax act includes a broad range of provisions , many of which significantly differ from those contained in previous u.s . tax law . changes in tax law are accounted for in the period of enactment . as such , our 2017 consolidated financial statements reflect the immediate tax effect of the 2017 tax act . the 2017 tax act contains several key provisions including , among other things : 2022 a one-time tax on the mandatory deemed repatriation of post-1986 untaxed foreign earnings and profits ( e&p ) , referred to as the toll charge ; 2022 a reduction in the corporate income tax rate from 35 percent to 21 percent for tax years beginning after december 31 , 2022 the introduction of a new u.s . tax on certain off-shore earnings referred to as global intangible low-taxed income ( gilti ) at an effective tax rate of 10.5 percent for tax years beginning after december 31 , 2017 ( increasing to 13.125 percent for tax years beginning after december 31 , 2025 ) , with a partial offset by foreign tax credits ; and 2022 the introduction of a territorial tax system beginning in 2018 by providing a 100 percent dividend received deduction on certain qualified dividends from foreign subsidiaries . during the fourth quarter of 2017 , we recorded an income tax benefit of $ 1272.4 million , which was comprised of the following : 2022 income tax benefit of $ 715.0 million for the one-time deemed repatriation of foreign earnings . this is composed of a $ 1181.0 million benefit from the removal of a deferred tax liability we had recorded for the repatriation of foreign earnings prior to the 2017 tax act offset by $ 466.0 million for the toll charge recognized under the 2017 tax act . in accordance with the 2017 tax act , we expect to elect to pay the toll charge in installments over eight years . as of december 31 , 2017 , we have recorded current and non-current income tax liabilities related to the toll charge of $ 82.0 million and $ 384.0 million , respectively . 2022 an income tax benefit of $ 557.4 million , primarily related to the remeasurement of our deferred tax assets and liabilities at the enacted corporate income tax rate of 21 percent . the net benefit recorded was based on currently available information and interpretations made in applying the provisions of the 2017 tax act as of the time of filing this annual report on form 10-k . we further refined our estimates related to the impact of the 2017 tax act subsequent to the issuance of our earnings release for the fourth quarter of 2017 . in accordance with authoritative guidance issued by the sec , the income tax effect for certain aspects of the 2017 tax act represent provisional amounts for which our accounting is incomplete , but with respect to which a reasonable estimate could be determined and recorded during the fourth quarter of 2017 . the actual effects of the 2017 tax act and final amounts recorded may differ materially from our current estimate of provisional amounts due to , among other things , further interpretive guidance that may be issued by u.s . tax authorities or regulatory bodies , including the sec and the fasb . we will continue to analyze the 2017 tax act and any additional guidance that may be issued so we can finalize the full effects of applying the new legislation on our financial statements in the measurement period , which ends in the fourth quarter of 2018 . we continue to evaluate the impacts of the 2017 tax act and consider the amounts recorded to be provisional . in addition , we are still evaluating the gilti provisions of the 2017 tax act and their impact , if any , on our consolidated financial statements as of december 31 , 2017 . the fasb allows companies to adopt an accounting policy to either recognize deferred taxes for gilti or treat such as a tax cost in the year incurred . we have not yet determined which accounting policy to adopt because determining the impact of the gilti provisions requires analysis of our existing legal entity structure , the reversal of our u.s . gaap and u.s . tax basis differences in the assets and liabilities of our foreign subsidiaries , and our ability to offset any tax with foreign tax credits . as such , we did not record a deferred income tax .


Question: by what amount have catastrophic losses in 2010 surpass the catastrophic losses of 2009 , ( in millions ) ? (in million)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    cat_losses_2010 = 366
    cat_losses_2009 = 137

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = cat_losses_2010 - cat_losses_2009

    return answer

the following table shows the impact of catastrophe losses and related reinstatement premiums and the impact of prior period development on our consolidated loss and loss expense ratio for the periods indicated. .
||2010|2009|2008|
|Loss and loss expense ratio, as reported|59.2%|58.8%|60.6%|
|Catastrophe losses and related reinstatement premiums|(3.2)%|(1.2)%|(4.7)%|
|Prior period development|4.6%|4.9%|6.8%|
|Large assumed loss portfolio transfers|(0.3)%|(0.8)%|0.0%|
|Loss and loss expense ratio, adjusted|60.3%|61.7%|62.7%|
 we recorded net pre-tax catastrophe losses of $ 366 million in 2010 compared with net pre-tax catastrophe losses of $ 137 million and $ 567 million in 2009 and 2008 , respectively . the catastrophe losses for 2010 were primarily related to weather- related events in the u.s. , earthquakes in chile , mexico , and new zealand , and storms in australia and europe . the catastrophe losses for 2009 were primarily related to an earthquake in asia , floods in europe , several weather-related events in the u.s. , and a european windstorm . for 2008 , the catastrophe losses were primarily related to hurricanes gustav and ike . prior period development arises from changes to loss estimates recognized in the current year that relate to loss reserves first reported in previous calendar years and excludes the effect of losses from the development of earned premium from pre- vious accident years . we experienced $ 503 million of net favorable prior period development in our p&c segments in 2010 . this compares with net favorable prior period development in our p&c segments of $ 576 million and $ 814 million in 2009 and 2008 , respectively . refer to 201cprior period development 201d for more information . the adjusted loss and loss expense ratio declined in 2010 , compared with 2009 , primarily due to the impact of the crop settlements , non-recurring premium adjustment and the reduction in assumed loss portfolio business , which is written at higher loss ratios than other types of business . our policy acquisition costs include commissions , premium taxes , underwriting , and other costs that vary with , and are primarily related to , the production of premium . administrative expenses include all other operating costs . our policy acquis- ition cost ratio increased in 2010 , compared with 2009 . the increase was primarily related to the impact of crop settlements , which generated higher profit-share commissions and a lower adjustment to net premiums earned , as well as the impact of reinstatement premiums expensed in connection with catastrophe activity and changes in business mix . our administrative expense ratio increased in 2010 , primarily due to the impact of the crop settlements , reinstatement premiums expensed , and increased costs in our international operations . although the crop settlements generate minimal administrative expenses , they resulted in lower adjustment to net premiums earned in 2010 , compared with 2009 . administrative expenses in 2010 , were partially offset by higher net results generated by our third party claims administration business , esis , the results of which are included within our administrative expenses . esis generated $ 85 million in net results in 2010 , compared with $ 26 million in 2009 . the increase is primarily from non-recurring sources . our policy acquisition cost ratio was stable in 2009 , compared with 2008 , as increases in our combined insurance operations were offset by more favorable final crop year settlement of profit share commissions . administrative expenses increased in 2009 , primarily due to the inclusion of administrative expenses related to combined insurance for the full year and costs associated with new product expansion in our domestic retail operation and in our personal lines business . our effective income tax rate , which we calculate as income tax expense divided by income before income tax , is depend- ent upon the mix of earnings from different jurisdictions with various tax rates . a change in the geographic mix of earnings would change the effective income tax rate . our effective income tax rate was 15 percent in 2010 , compared with 17 percent and 24 percent in 2009 and 2008 , respectively . the decrease in our effective income tax rate in 2010 , was primarily due to a change in the mix of earnings to lower tax-paying jurisdictions , a decrease in the amount of unrecognized tax benefits which was the result of a settlement with the u.s . internal revenue service appeals division regarding federal tax returns for the years 2002-2004 , and the recognition of a non-taxable gain related to the acquisition of rain and hail . the 2009 year included a reduction of a deferred tax valuation allowance related to investments . for 2008 , our effective income tax rate was adversely impacted by a change in mix of earnings due to the impact of catastrophe losses in lower tax-paying jurisdictions . prior period development the favorable prior period development , inclusive of the life segment , of $ 512 million during 2010 was the net result of sev- eral underlying favorable and adverse movements . with respect to ace 2019s crop business , ace regularly receives reports from its managing general agent ( mga ) relating to the previous crop year ( s ) in subsequent calendar quarters and this typically results .


Question: What was the percentage change in total sales between 2018 and 2019? (in percent)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    sales_2019 = 530061
    sales_2018 = 529277

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = (sales_2019 - sales_2018) / sales_2018 * 100

    return answer

|(In thousands)|2019|2018|2017|
|United States|$300,853|$288,843|$508,178|
|Mexico|90,795|12,186|2,246|
|Germany|78,062|167,251|119,502|
|Other international|60,351|60,997|36,974|
|Total|$530,061|$529,277|$666,900|
 Additional Information The following table presents sales information by geographic area for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017: Customers comprising more than 10% of revenue can change from year to year. Single customers comprising more than 10% of our revenue in 2019 included three customers at 19%, 17% and 13%. Single customers comprising more than 10% of our revenue in 2018 included two customers at 27% and 17%. Single customers comprising more than 10% of our revenue in 2017 included two customers at 40% and 16%. Other than those with more than 10% of revenues disclosed above, and excluding distributors, our next five largest customers can change, and has historically changed, from year-to-year. These combined customers represented 15%, 18% and 15% of total revenue in 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. As of December 31, 2019, property, plant and equipment, net totaled $73.7 million, which included $69.9 million held in the U.S. and $3.9 million held outside the U.S. As of December 31, 2018, property, plant and equipment, net totaled $80.6 million, which included $77.3 million held in the U.S. and $3.3 million held outside the U.S. Property, plant and equipment, net is reported on a company-wide, functional basis only.


Question: What is the change in total personnel expenses from 2018 to 2019?

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    total_personnel_expenses_2018 = 188503
    total_personnel_expenses_2019 = 227727

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = total_personnel_expenses_2019 - total_personnel_expenses_2018

    return answer

||December 31,||
||2018|2019|
|Wages and salaries|158,371|191,459|
|Social security|14,802|17,214|
|Pension expenses|6,937|8,408|
|Share-based payment expenses|8,215|10,538|
|Restructuring expenses|178|108|
|Total|188,503|227,727|
 Personnel expenses for employees were as follows: Personnel expenses are included in cost of sales and in operating expenses in the consolidated statement of profit or loss.


Question: what is the growth rate of the net earnings for basic and diluted eps? (in percentage)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    net_earnings_2016 = 6948
    net_earnings_2017 = 6021

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    growth_rate_net_earnings = ((net_earnings_2017 - net_earnings_2016) / net_earnings_2016) * 100

    return growth_rate_net_earnings

the fair value of the psu award at the date of grant is amortized to expense over the performance period , which is typically three years after the date of the award , or upon death , disability or reaching the age of 58 . as of december 31 , 2017 , pmi had $ 34 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested psu awards . this cost is recognized over a weighted-average performance cycle period of two years , or upon death , disability or reaching the age of 58 . during the years ended december 31 , 2017 , and 2016 , there were no psu awards that vested . pmi did not grant any psu awards during note 10 . earnings per share : unvested share-based payment awards that contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents are participating securities and therefore are included in pmi 2019s earnings per share calculation pursuant to the two-class method . basic and diluted earnings per share ( 201ceps 201d ) were calculated using the following: .
||For the Years Ended December 31,|
|(in millions)|2017|2016|2015|
|Net earnings attributable to PMI|$6,035|$6,967|$6,873|
|Less distributed and undistributed earnings attributable to share-based payment awards|14|19|24|
|Net earnings for basic and diluted EPS|$6,021|$6,948|$6,849|
|Weighted-average shares for basic EPS|1,552|1,551|1,549|
|Plus contingently issuable performance stock units (PSUs)|1|—|—|
|Weighted-average shares for diluted EPS|1,553|1,551|1,549|
 for the 2017 , 2016 and 2015 computations , there were no antidilutive stock options. .


Question: what was the change in millions from 2008 to 2009 under purchase commitments? (in million)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    purchase_2009 = 37.3
    purchase_2008 = 29.4

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = purchase_2009 - purchase_2008

    return answer

purchase commitments the company has entered into various purchase agreements for minimum amounts of pulpwood processing and energy over periods ranging from one to twenty years at fixed prices . total purchase commitments are as follows: .
||(In thousands)|
|2010|$6,951|
|2011|5,942|
|2012|3,659|
|2013|1,486|
|2014|1,486|
|Thereafter|25,048|
|Total|$44,572|
 these purchase agreements are not marked to market . the company purchased $ 37.3 million , $ 29.4 million , and $ 14.5 million during the years ended december 31 , 2009 , 2008 and 2007 , respectively , under these purchase agreements . litigation pca is a party to various legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business . these legal actions cover a broad variety of claims spanning our entire business . as of the date of this filing , the company believes it is not reasonably possible that the resolution of these legal actions will , individually or in the aggregate , have a material adverse effect on its financial position , results of operations , or cash flows . environmental liabilities the potential costs for various environmental matters are uncertain due to such factors as the unknown magnitude of possible cleanup costs , the complexity and evolving nature of governmental laws and regulations and their interpretations , and the timing , varying costs and effectiveness of alternative cleanup technologies . from 1994 through 2009 , remediation costs at the company 2019s mills and corrugated plants totaled approximately $ 3.2 million . as of december 31 , 2009 , the company maintained an environmental reserve of $ 9.1 million relating to on-site landfills ( see note 13 ) and surface impoundments as well as ongoing and anticipated remedial projects . liabilities recorded for environmental contingencies are estimates of the probable costs based upon available information and assumptions . because of these uncertainties , pca 2019s estimates may change . as of the date of this filing , the company believes that it is not reasonably possible that future environmental expenditures and asset retirement obligations above the $ 9.1 million accrued as of december 31 , 2009 , will have a material impact on its financial condition , results of operations , or cash flows . in connection with the sale to pca of its containerboard and corrugated products business , pactiv agreed to retain all liability for all former facilities and all sites associated with pre-closing off-site waste disposal and all environmental liabilities related to a closed landfill located near the company 2019s filer city mill . 13 . asset retirement obligations asset retirement obligations consist primarily of landfill capping and closure and post-closure costs . pca is legally required to perform capping and closure and post-closure care on the landfills at each of the company 2019s mills . in accordance with asc 410 , 201c asset retirement and environmental obligations , 201d pca recognizes the fair value of these liabilities as an asset retirement obligation for each landfill and capitalizes packaging corporation of america notes to consolidated financial statements ( continued ) december 31 , 2009 .


Question: what was total net undeveloped acres expiring for the three year period , in thousands? (in thousand)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    total_2016 = 257
    total_2017 = 4533
    total_2018 = 1018

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = total_2016 + total_2017 + total_2018

    return answer

in the ordinary course of business , based on our evaluations of certain geologic trends and prospective economics , we have allowed certain lease acreage to expire and may allow additional acreage to expire in the future . if production is not established or we take no other action to extend the terms of the leases , licenses or concessions , undeveloped acreage listed in the table below will expire over the next three years . we plan to continue the terms of certain of these licenses and concession areas or retain leases through operational or administrative actions ; however , the majority of the undeveloped acres associated with other africa as listed in the table below pertains to our licenses in ethiopia and kenya , for which we executed agreements in 2015 to sell . the kenya transaction closed in february 2016 and the ethiopia transaction is expected to close in the first quarter of 2016 . see item 8 . financial statements and supplementary data - note 5 to the consolidated financial statements for additional information about this disposition . net undeveloped acres expiring year ended december 31 .
||Net Undeveloped Acres Expiring Year Ended December 31,|
|(In thousands)|2016|2017|2018|
|U.S.|68|89|128|
|E.G.|—|92|36|
|Other Africa|189|4,352|854|
|Total Africa|189|4,444|890|
|Other International|—|—|—|
|Total|257|4,533|1,018|
 .


Question: What is the value of the company's total financing obligations as a percentage of its total purchase obligations? (in percent)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    financing_obligations = 8868
    purchase_obligations = 97219

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = (financing_obligations / purchase_obligations) * 100

    return answer

|||Payments due by period||||
||Up to 1 year|1 to 3 years|3 to 5 years|More than 5 years|Total|
|Operating lease obligations|16,164|19,812|6,551|5,883|48,410|
|Financing obligations|2,956|5,912|—|—|8,868|
|Long-term debt|—|—|460,000|—|460,000|
|Purchase obligations|55,755|16,220|7,595|17,649|97,219|
|Total|74,875|41,944|474,146|23,532|614,497|
 Contractual Obligations The following summarizes our contractual obligations as of December 31, 2019 (in thousands): Purchase obligations represent an estimate of open purchase orders and contractual obligations in the normal course of business for which we have not received the goods or services as of December 31, 2019. Although open purchase orders are considered enforceable and legally binding, except for our purchase orders with our inventory suppliers, the terms generally allow us the option to cancel, reschedule, and adjust our requirements based on our business needs prior to the delivery of goods or performance of services. Our purchase orders with our inventory suppliers are non-cancellable. In addition, we have other obligations for goods and services that we enter into in the normal course of business. These obligations, however, are either not enforceable or legally binding, or are subject to change based on our business decisions. The aggregate of these items represents our estimate of purchase obligations.


Question: What was the percentage change in accounts payables from 2018 to 2019 year end? (in percent)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    accounts_payable_2019 = -18668
    accounts_payable_2018 = -9166

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = (accounts_payable_2019 - accounts_payable_2018) / accounts_payable_2018 * 100

    return answer

||For the Twelve Months Ended December 31,||
||2019|2018|
||(Dollars in thousands)||
|Cash and cash equivalents|9,472|7,554|
|Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts|18,581|12,327|
|Inventories, net|12,542|9,317|
|Prepaid expenses|3,276|1,078|
|Other current assets|10,453|682|
|Accounts payable|(18,668)|(9,166)|
|Accrued expenses|(22,133)|(9,051)|
|Current operating lease liabilities|(1,185)|—|
|Total Working Capital|$12,338|$12,741|
 The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, our working capital: Working Capital consists of current assets net of current liabilities. Working capital decreased $0.4 million to $12.3 million at December 31, 2019 compared with $12.7 million at December 31, 2018. The decrease was primarily a result of an increase of cash, accounts receivable, and inventory offset by an increase in accounts payable, accrued expenses and current operating lease liabilities. We normally carry three to four weeks of finished goods inventory. The average duration of our accounts receivable is approximately 25 days. For the year ended December 31, 2019 our capital resources consisted of primarily $9.5 million cash on hand and $33.0 million available under our credit facilities, net of $2.0 million reserved for two letters of credit. For the year ended December 31, 2018, our capital resources consisted primarily of $7.5 million cash on hand and $30.0 million available under our credit facilities. The Credit Facilities will mature in May 2024. We borrowed $72.3 million under our credit facilities during 2019, of which $18.5 million was repaid prior to the end of the year. As of December 31, 2019, we had $54.5 million of debt outstanding (including $0.7 million of debt issuance costs) under our credit facilities. There was no debt outstanding under the credit facilities as of December 31, 2018.


Question: What is the increase / (decrease) in the primary service units  in net additions(losses) from 2018 to 2019?

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    net_additions_2019 = 16981
    net_additions_2018 = 20251

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = net_additions_2019 - net_additions_2018

    return answer

|||Net additions (losses)||% of penetration(2)(3)||
||August 31, 2019|August 31, 2019|August 31, 2018 (1)|August 31, 2019|August 31, 2018 (3)|
|Primary service units|901,446|16,981|20,251|||
|Internet service customers|446,137|21,189|21,417|50.8|49.7|
|Video service customers|312,555|(4,697)|(6,760)|35.6|37.1|
|Telephony service customers|142,754|489|5,594|16.2|16.6|
 CUSTOMER STATISTICS (1) Excludes 251,379 primary services units (130,404 Internet services, 87,873 video services and 33,102 telephony services) from the MetroCast acquisition completed in the second quarter of fiscal 2018. (2) As a percentage of homes passed. (3) In the first quarter of fiscal 2019, the number of homes passed in the American broadband services segment have been adjusted upwards in order to reflect the number of non-served multi-dwelling unit passings within the footprint and consequently, the penetration as a percentage of homes passed for fiscal 2018 have also been adjusted. INTERNET Fiscal 2019 Internet service customers net additions stood at 21,189 compared to 21,417 for the prior year as a result of: • additional connects related to the Florida expansion initiatives and in the MetroCast footprint; • our customers' ongoing interest in high speed offerings; and • growth in both the residential and business sectors. VIDEO Fiscal 2019 video service customers net losses stood at 4,697 compared to 6,760 for the prior year mainly from: • competitive offers in the industry; and • a changing video consumption environment; partly offset by • our customers' ongoing interest in TiVo's digital advanced video services; and • the activation of bulk properties in Florida during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2019. TELEPHONY Fiscal 2019 telephony service customers net additions stood at 489 compared to 5,594 for the prior year mainly as a result of the growth in the business sector, partly offset by a decline in the residential sector. DISTRIBUTION OF CUSTOMERS At August 31, 2019, 52% of the American broadband services segment's customers enjoyed "double play" or "triple play" bundled services.


Question: in 2005 what percentage of consumer packaging sales were represented by foodservice net sales? (in percentage)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    foodservice_net_sales_2005 = 437
    consumer_packaging_sales_2005 = 2245

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = (foodservice_net_sales_2005 / consumer_packaging_sales_2005) * 100

    return answer

earnings for the first quarter of 2007 are expected to be lower than in the fourth quarter of 2006 . containerboard export sales volumes are expected to decline due to scheduled first-quarter main- tenance outages . sales volumes for u.s . converted products will be higher due to more shipping days , but expected softer demand should cause the ship- ments per day to decrease . average sales price real- izations are expected to be comparable to fourth- quarter averages . an additional containerboard price increase was announced in january that is expected to be fully realized in the second quarter . costs for wood , energy , starch , adhesives and freight are expected to increase . manufacturing costs will be higher due to costs associated with scheduled main- tenance outages in the containerboard mills . euro- pean container operating results are expected to improve as seasonally higher sales volumes and improved margins more than offset slightly higher manufacturing costs . consumer packaging demand and pricing for consumer packaging prod- ucts correlate closely with consumer spending and general economic activity . in addition to prices and volumes , major factors affecting the profitability of consumer packaging are raw material and energy costs , manufacturing efficiency and product mix . consumer packaging net sales increased 9% ( 9 % ) compared with 2005 and 7% ( 7 % ) compared with 2004 . operating profits rose 8% ( 8 % ) from 2005 , but declined 15% ( 15 % ) from 2004 levels . compared with 2005 , higher sales volumes ( $ 9 million ) , improved average sales price realizations ( $ 33 million ) , reduced lack-of-order downtime ( $ 18 million ) , and favorable mill oper- ations ( $ 25 million ) were partially offset by higher raw material costs ( $ 19 million ) and freight costs ( $ 21 million ) , unfavorable mix ( $ 14 million ) and other costs ( $ 21 million ) . consumer packaging in millions 2006 2005 2004 .
|<i>In millions</i>|2006|2005|2004|
|Sales|$2,455|$2,245|$2,295|
|Operating Profit|$131|$121|$155|
 coated paperboard net sales of $ 1.5 billion in 2006 were higher than $ 1.3 billion in 2005 and $ 1.1 billion in 2004 . sales volumes increased in 2006 compared with 2005 , particularly in the folding car- ton board segment , reflecting improved demand for coated paperboard products . in 2006 , our coated paperboard mills took 4000 tons of lack-of-order downtime , compared with 82000 tons of lack-of-order downtime in 2005 . average sales price realizations were substantially improved in the cur- rent year , principally for folding carton board and cupstock board . operating profits were 51% ( 51 % ) higher in 2006 than in 2005 , and 7% ( 7 % ) better than in 2004 . the impact of the higher sales prices along with more favorable manufacturing operations due to strong performance at the mills more than offset higher input costs for energy and freight . foodservice net sales declined to $ 396 million in 2006 , compared with $ 437 million in 2005 and $ 480 million in 2004 , due principally to the sale of the jackson , tennessee plant in july 2005 . sales vol- umes were lower in 2006 than in 2005 , although average sales prices were higher due to the realiza- tion of price increases implemented during 2005 . operating profits for 2006 improved over 2005 and 2004 levels largely due to the benefits from higher sales prices . raw material costs for bleached board were higher than in 2005 , but manufacturing costs were more favorable due to increased productivity and reduced waste . shorewood net sales of $ 670 million were down from $ 691 million in 2005 and $ 687 million in 2004 . sales volumes in 2006 were down from 2005 levels due to weak demand in the home entertainment and consumer products markets , although demand was strong in the tobacco segment . average sales prices for the year were lower than in 2005 . operating prof- its were down significantly from both 2005 and 2004 due to the decline in sales , particularly in the higher margin home entertainment markets , higher raw material costs for bleached board and certain inventory adjustment costs . entering 2007 , coated paperboard first-quarter sales volumes are expected to be seasonally stronger than in the fourth quarter 2006 for folding carton board and bristols . average sales price realizations are expected to rise with a price increase announced in january . it is anticipated that manufacturing costs will improve versus an unfavorable fourth quarter . foodservice earnings for the first quarter of 2007 are expected to decline due to seasonally weaker vol- ume . however , sales price realizations will be slightly higher , and the seasonal switch to hot cup contain- ers will have a favorable impact on product mix . shorewood sales volumes for the first quarter of 2007 are expected to seasonally decline , but the earnings impact will be partially offset by pricing improvements and an improved product mix . distribution our distribution business , principally represented by our xpedx business , markets a diverse array of products and supply chain services to customers in .


Question: What is the 2019 average total amount falling due after more than one year? (in million)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    amount_due_2019 = 3439
    amount_due_2018 = 2480

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = (amount_due_2019 + amount_due_2018) / 2

    return answer

||2019|2018|
||€m|€m|
|Amounts falling due within one year:|||
|Amounts owed by subsidiaries1|242,976|220,871|
|Taxation recoverable|233|–|
|Other debtors|32|199|
|Derivative financial instruments|183|163|
||243,424|221,233|
|Amounts falling due after more than one year:|||
|Derivative financial instruments|3,439|2,449|
|Deferred tax|–|31|
||3,439|2,480|
 3. Debtors Accounting policies Amounts owed to subsidiaries are classified and recorded at amortised cost (2018: classified as loans and receivables) and reduced by allowances for expected credit losses. Estimate future credit losses are first recorded on initial recognition of a receivable and are based on estimated probability of default. Individual balances are written off when management deems them not to be collectible. Derivative financial instruments are measured at fair value through profit and loss. Note: 1 Amounts owed by subsidiaries are unsecured, have no fixed date of repayment and are repayable on demand with sufficient liquidity in the group to flow funds if required. Therefore expected credit losses are considered to be immateria


Question: What is the average total basic earnings per share for both 2018 and 2019?

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    basic_earnings_per_share_2019 = 206.2
    basic_earnings_per_share_2018 = 132.6

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = (basic_earnings_per_share_2019 + basic_earnings_per_share_2018) / 2

    return answer

||2019|2018|
||53 WEEKS|52 WEEKS|
|Profit for the period attributable to equity holders of the parent entity used in|||
|earnings per share ($M)|||
|Continuing operations|1,493|1,605|
|Discontinued operations|1,200|119|
||2,693|1,724|
|Weighted average number of shares used in earnings per share (shares, millions) (1)|||
|Basic earnings per share|1,305.7|1,300.5|
|Diluted earnings per share (2)|1,313.7|1,303.9|
|Basic earnings per share (cents per share) (1)|||
|Continuing operations|114.3|123.4|
|Discontinued operations|91.9|9.2|
||206.2|132.6|
|Diluted earnings per share (cents per share) (1,2)|||
|Continuing operations|113.6|123.1|
|Discontinued operations|91.3|9.2|
||204.9|132.3|
 Earnings per share presents the amount of profit generated for the reporting period attributable to shareholders divided by the weighted average number of shares on issue. The potential for any share rights issued by the Group to dilute existing shareholders’ ownership when the share rights are exercised are also presented. (1) Weighted average number of shares has been adjusted to remove shares held in trust by Woolworths Custodian Pty Ltd (as trustee of various employee share trusts) (2) Includes 8.0 million (2018: 3.4 million) shares deemed to be issued for no consideration in respect of employee performance rights. In 2019, the weighted average number of ordinary shares used in the calculation of EPS included the effect of the off-market share buy-back that was completed on 27 May 2019, resulting in 58.7 million ordinary shares being cancelled. Refer to Note 4.3 for further details on the share buy-back.


Question: What was the increase / (decrease) in the Statutory federal income tax (benefit) from 2018 to 2019? (in thousand)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    statutory_federal_income_tax_2019 = 14694
    statutory_federal_income_tax_2018 = 34105

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = statutory_federal_income_tax_2019 - statutory_federal_income_tax_2018

    return answer

|||Fiscal year end||
||June 1, 2019|June 2, 2018|June 3, 2017|
|Statutory federal income tax (benefit)|$14,694|$34,105|$(39,950)|
|State income tax (benefit)|2,164|3,200|(3,193)|
|Domestic manufacturers deduction|—|(2,545)|4,095|
|Enacted rate change|—|(42,973)|—|
|Tax exempt interest income|(197)|(101)|(206)|
|Other, net|(918)|(545)|(613)|
||$15,743|$(8,859)|$(39,867)|
 The differences between income tax expense (benefit) at the Company’s effective income tax rate and income tax
expense at the statutory federal income tax rate were as follows: In December 2017, the President of the United States signed into law the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (the “Act”), which among other matters reduced the United States corporate tax rate from 35% to 21% effective January 1, 2018. In fiscal 2018, the Company recorded a $43 million tax benefit primarily related to the remeasurement of certain deferred tax assets and liabilities. Federal and state income taxes of $36.5 million, $2.1 million, and $3.7 million were paid in fiscal years 2019, 2018, and 2017, respectively. Federal and state income taxes of $418,000, $47.2 million, and $17.6 million were refunded in fiscal years 2019, 2018, and 2017, respectively. The Company may recognize the tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The Company measures the tax benefits recognized based on the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate resolution. As of June 1, 2019, there were no uncertain tax positions that resulted in any adjustment to the Company’s provision for income taxes. We are under audit by the IRS for the fiscal years 2013 through 2015. We are subject to income tax in many jurisdictions within the U.S., and certain jurisdictions are under audit by state and local tax authorities. The resolutions of these audits are not expected to be material to our consolidated financial statements. Tax periods for all years beginning with fiscal year 2013 remain open to examination by federal and state taxing jurisdictions to which we are subject.


Question: What was the percentage change in the Total net deferred tax assets between 2018 and 2019? (in percent)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    net_deferred_tax_assets_2019 = 14158
    net_deferred_tax_assets_2018 = 18211

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = ((net_deferred_tax_assets_2019 - net_deferred_tax_assets_2018) / net_deferred_tax_assets_2018) * 100

    return answer

||As of December 31,||
||2019|2018|
|Non-current deferred tax assets|$19,795|$22,201|
|Non-current deferred tax liabilities|$(5,637)|$(3,990)|
|Total net deferred tax assets|$14,158|$18,211|
 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (in thousands, except for share and per share data) NOTE 18 — Income Taxes The long-term deferred tax assets and long-term deferred tax liabilities are as follows below: At each reporting date, we weigh all available positive and negative evidence to assess whether it is more-likely-than-not that the Company's deferred tax assets, including deferred tax assets associated with accumulated loss carryforwards and tax credits in the various jurisdictions in which it operates, will be realized. As of December 31, 2019, and 2018, we recorded deferred tax assets related to certain U.S. state and non-U.S. income tax loss carryforwards of $4,724 and $4,647, respectively, and U.S. and non- U.S. tax credits of $15,964 and $16,909, respectively. The deferred tax assets expire in various years primarily between 2021 and 2039. Generally, we assess if it is more-likely-than-not that our net deferred tax assets will be realized during the available carry-forward periods. As a result, we have determined that valuation allowances of $8,011 and $8,274 should be provided for certain deferred tax assets at December 31, 2019, and 2018, respectively. As of December 31, 2019, the valuation allowances relate to certain U.S. state and non-U.S. loss carry-forwards and certain U.S. state tax credits that management does not anticipate will be utilized. No valuation allowance was recorded in 2019 against the U.S. federal foreign tax credit carryforwards of $5,785, which expire in varying amounts between 2023 and 2029 as well as the research and development tax credits of $7,495, which expire in varying amounts between 2021 and 2039. We assessed the anticipated realization of those tax credits utilizing future taxable income projections. Based on those projections, management believes it is more-likely-than-not that we will realize the benefits of these credit carryforwards.


Question: what was the percentage change in fuel surcharge program freight revenue from 2013 to 2014? (in percentage)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    fuel_surcharges_2014 = 2.8
    fuel_surcharges_2013 = 2.6

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    change_in_fuel_surcharges = fuel_surcharges_2014 - fuel_surcharges_2013
    percentage_change = (change_in_fuel_surcharges / fuel_surcharges_2013) * 100

    return percentage_change

results of operations operating revenues millions 2014 2013 2012 % (  % ) change 2014 v 2013 % (  % ) change 2013 v 2012 .
|Millions|2014|2013|2012|% Change 2014 v 2013|% Change 2013 v 2012|
|Freight revenues|$22,560|$20,684|$19,686|9%|5%|
|Other revenues|1,428|1,279|1,240|12%|3%|
|Total|$23,988|$21,963|$20,926|9%|5%|
 we generate freight revenues by transporting freight or other materials from our six commodity groups . freight revenues vary with volume ( carloads ) and average revenue per car ( arc ) . changes in price , traffic mix and fuel surcharges drive arc . we provide some of our customers with contractual incentives for meeting or exceeding specified cumulative volumes or shipping to and from specific locations , which we record as reductions to freight revenues based on the actual or projected future shipments . we recognize freight revenues as shipments move from origin to destination . we allocate freight revenues between reporting periods based on the relative transit time in each reporting period and recognize expenses as we incur them . other revenues include revenues earned by our subsidiaries , revenues from our commuter rail operations , and accessorial revenues , which we earn when customers retain equipment owned or controlled by us or when we perform additional services such as switching or storage . we recognize other revenues as we perform services or meet contractual obligations . freight revenues from all six commodity groups increased during 2014 compared to 2013 driven by 7% ( 7 % ) volume growth and core pricing gains of 2.5% ( 2.5 % ) . volume growth from grain , frac sand , rock , and intermodal ( domestic and international ) shipments offset declines in crude oil . freight revenues from five of our six commodity groups increased during 2013 compared to 2012 . revenue from agricultural products was down slightly compared to 2012 . arc increased 5% ( 5 % ) , driven by core pricing gains , shifts in business mix and an automotive logistics management arrangement . volume essentially was flat year over year as growth in automotive , frac sand , crude oil and domestic intermodal offset declines in coal , international intermodal and grain shipments . our fuel surcharge programs generated freight revenues of $ 2.8 billion , $ 2.6 billion , and $ 2.6 billion in 2014 , 2013 , and 2012 , respectively . fuel surcharge in 2014 increased 6% ( 6 % ) driven by our 7% ( 7 % ) carloadings increase . fuel surcharge in 2013 essentially was flat versus 2012 as lower fuel price offset improved fuel recovery provisions and the lag effect of our programs ( surcharges trail fluctuations in fuel price by approximately two months ) . in 2014 , other revenue increased from 2013 due to higher revenues at our subsidiaries , primarily those that broker intermodal and automotive services , accessorial revenue driven by increased volume and per diem revenue for container usage ( previously included in automotive freight revenue ) . in 2013 , other revenue increased from 2012 due primarily to miscellaneous contract revenue and higher revenues at our subsidiaries that broker intermodal and automotive services. .


Question: what was average net sales for space systems in millions from 2013 to 2015? (in million)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    net_sales_2013 = 9288
    net_sales_2014 = 9202
    net_sales_2015 = 9105

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = (net_sales_2013 + net_sales_2014 + net_sales_2015) / 3

    return answer

2014 compared to 2013 mst 2019s net sales decreased $ 305 million , or 3% ( 3 % ) , in 2014 as compared to 2013 . net sales decreased by approximately $ 305 million due to the wind-down or completion of certain c4isr programs ( primarily ptds ) ; about $ 85 million for undersea systems programs due to decreased volume and deliveries ; and about $ 55 million related to the settlements of contract cost matters on certain programs in 2013 that were not repeated in 2014 ( including a portion of the terminated presidential helicopter program ) . the decreases were partially offset by higher net sales of approximately $ 80 million for integrated warfare systems and sensors programs due to increased volume ( primarily space fence ) ; and approximately $ 40 million for training and logistics solutions programs due to increased deliveries ( primarily close combat tactical trainer ) . mst 2019s operating profit decreased $ 129 million , or 12% ( 12 % ) , in 2014 as compared to 2013 . the decrease was primarily attributable to lower operating profit of approximately $ 120 million related to the settlements of contract cost matters on certain programs in 2013 that were not repeated in 2014 ( including a portion of the terminated presidential helicopter program ) ; approximately $ 55 million due to the reasons described above for lower c4isr program sales , as well as performance matters on an international program ; and approximately $ 45 million due to higher reserves recorded on certain training and logistics solutions programs . the decreases were partially offset by higher operating profit of approximately $ 45 million for performance matters and reserves recorded in 2013 that were not repeated in 2014 ; and about $ 60 million for various programs due to increased risk retirements ( including mh-60 and radar surveillance programs ) . adjustments not related to volume , including net profit booking rate adjustments and other matters , were approximately $ 85 million lower for 2014 compared to 2013 . backlog backlog increased in 2015 compared to 2014 primarily due to the addition of sikorsky backlog , as well as higher orders on new program starts ( such as australian defence force pilot training system ) . backlog increased in 2014 compared to 2013 primarily due to higher orders on new program starts ( such as space fence ) . trends we expect mst 2019s 2016 net sales to increase in the mid-double digit percentage range compared to 2015 net sales due to the inclusion of sikorsky programs for a full year , partially offset by a decline in volume due to the wind-down or completion of certain programs . operating profit is expected to be equivalent to 2015 on higher volume , and operating margin is expected to decline due to costs associated with the sikorsky acquisition , including the impact of purchase accounting adjustments , integration costs and inherited restructuring costs associated with actions committed to by sikorsky prior to acquisition . space systems our space systems business segment is engaged in the research and development , design , engineering and production of satellites , strategic and defensive missile systems and space transportation systems . space systems provides network-enabled situational awareness and integrates complex global systems to help our customers gather , analyze , and securely distribute critical intelligence data . space systems is also responsible for various classified systems and services in support of vital national security systems . space systems 2019 major programs include the trident ii d5 fleet ballistic missile ( fbm ) , orion , space based infrared system ( sbirs ) , aehf , gps-iii , geostationary operational environmental satellite r-series ( goes-r ) , and muos . operating profit for our space systems business segment includes our share of earnings for our investment in ula , which provides expendable launch services to the u.s . government . space systems 2019 operating results included the following ( in millions ) : .
||2015|2014|2013|
|Net sales|$9,105|$9,202|$9,288|
|Operating profit|1,171|1,187|1,198|
|Operating margins|12.9%|12.9%|12.9%|
|Backlog at year-end|$17,400|$20,300|$21,400|
 2015 compared to 2014 space systems 2019 net sales in 2015 decreased $ 97 million , or 1% ( 1 % ) , compared to 2014 . the decrease was attributable to approximately $ 335 million lower net sales for government satellite programs due to decreased volume ( primarily aehf ) and the wind-down or completion of mission solutions programs ; and approximately $ 55 million for strategic missile and defense systems due to lower volume . these decreases were partially offset by higher net sales of approximately $ 235 million for businesses acquired in 2014 ; and approximately $ 75 million for the orion program due to increased volume. .


Question: what percent increase in net income was experienced between 2015 and 2016 (in percentage)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    net_income_2016 = 1520.5
    net_income_increase = 92.9

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    net_income_2015 = net_income_2016 - net_income_increase
    percent_increase = (net_income_increase / net_income_2015) * 100

    return percent_increase

entergy arkansas , inc . and subsidiaries management 2019s financial discussion and analysis results of operations net income 2017 compared to 2016 net income decreased $ 27.4 million primarily due to higher nuclear refueling outage expenses , higher depreciation and amortization expenses , higher taxes other than income taxes , and higher interest expense , partially offset by higher other income . 2016 compared to 2015 net income increased $ 92.9 million primarily due to higher net revenue and lower other operation and maintenance expenses , partially offset by a higher effective income tax rate and higher depreciation and amortization expenses . net revenue 2017 compared to 2016 net revenue consists of operating revenues net of : 1 ) fuel , fuel-related expenses , and gas purchased for resale , 2 ) purchased power expenses , and 3 ) other regulatory charges ( credits ) . a0 a0following is an analysis of the change in net revenue comparing 2017 to 2016 . amount ( in millions ) .
||Amount (In Millions)|
|2016 net revenue|$1,520.5|
|Retail electric price|33.8|
|Opportunity sales|5.6|
|Asset retirement obligation|(14.8)|
|Volume/weather|(29.0)|
|Other|6.5|
|2017 net revenue|$1,522.6|
 the retail electric price variance is primarily due to the implementation of formula rate plan rates effective with the first billing cycle of january 2017 and an increase in base rates effective february 24 , 2016 , each as approved by the apsc . a significant portion of the base rate increase was related to the purchase of power block 2 of the union power station in march 2016 . the increase was partially offset by decreases in the energy efficiency rider , as approved by the apsc , effective april 2016 and january 2017 . see note 2 to the financial statements for further discussion of the rate case and formula rate plan filings . see note 14 to the financial statements for further discussion of the union power station purchase . the opportunity sales variance results from the estimated net revenue effect of the 2017 and 2016 ferc orders in the opportunity sales proceeding attributable to wholesale customers . see note 2 to the financial statements for further discussion of the opportunity sales proceeding. .


Question: What is the increase/ (decrease) in Research and development funding from 2017 to 2019? (in million)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    funding_2019 = 132
    funding_2017 = 65

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = funding_2019 - funding_2017

    return answer

||Year Ended December 31,|Year Ended December 31,|Year Ended December 31,|
||2019|2018|2017|
||(In millions)|(In millions)|(In millions)|
|Research and development funding|$132|$52|$65|
|Phase-out and start-up costs|(38)|(1)|(8)|
|Exchange gain (loss), net|—|4|4|
|Patent costs|(1)|(8)|(9)|
|Gain on sale of businesses and non-current assets|7|8|4|
|Other, net|3|(2)|(1)|
|Other income and expenses, net|$103|$53|$55|
|As percentage of net revenues|1.1%|0.5%|0.7%|
 In 2019 we recognized other income, net of expenses, of $103 million, increasing compared to $53 million in 2018, mainly benefitting from the grants associated with the programs part of the European Commission IPCEI in Italy and in France, partially offset by a higher level of start-up costs associated with the production ramp up of the 200 mm fab recently acquired from Micron Technology Inc. in Singapore. In 2018 we recognized other income, net of expenses, of $53 million, slightly decreasing compared to $55 million in 2017, mainly due to lower level of R&D grants.