filename
string | title
string | abstract
string | pred_lin
sequence | prompt
string |
|---|---|---|---|---|
3A839740824.jsonld | Elucidating 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-D-glucose translocation, metabolism, and application in plants | The aim of this thesis was to explore and expand applications of 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-D-glucose (FDG) in plant imaging. In present work, I analyzed FDG translocation and elucidated FDG metabolism in model plant species Arabidopsis. In collaboration with Dr. Meldau, I demonstrated that FDG could be employed as radiotracer to study carbon allocation in Nicotiana upon herbivory. FDG being the glucose analog, it was proposed that FDG could be used as a tracer for photoassimilates. To confirm above hypothesis, I compared radioactivity distribution pattern of two chemically distinct radiotracers, viz. FDG and Ga-citrate. The [18F] and [68Ga] radioactivity distributions were significantly different. [18F] radioactivity distribution pattern was similar to photoassimilates and translocated exclusively via phloem. I also demonstrated that FDG could be employed as a radiotracer for in vivo imaging using positron emission tomography. Further, I analyzed FDG metabolism in Arabidopsis to unravel underlying biochemical pathways. On the basis of exact monoisotopic masses, MS/MS fragmentation, and NMR data; I identified F-gluconic acid, FDG-6-P, F-maltose, and UDP-FDG as end products of FDG metabolism. In plants, FDG was taken up by the cells via HgCl2-sensitive passive uptake process similar to that of glucose. Glycolysis and starch degradation pathway seem to be the important pathways for FDG metabolism in plants. In collaboration with Dr. Meldau, I showed that herbivory increased carbon allocation towards below ground parts such as roots but away from growing parts such as root tips. Experiments with JA-insensitive irCOI1 plant showed that the resultant carbon allocation is dependent upon JA which may be acting in co-ordination with other phytoharmones to regulate plant defense response and plant growth. In conclusion, my thesis provided a basic foundation for establishing FDG as a radiotracer for plant imaging and presents a methodology to trace carbon allocation in plant using FDG. ... | [
"['che']",
"['bio']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Elucidating 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-D-glucose translocation, metabolism, and application in plants
- Document Abstract: The aim of this thesis was to explore and expand applications of 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-D-glucose (FDG) in plant imaging. In present work, I analyzed FDG translocation and elucidated FDG metabolism in model plant species Arabidopsis. In collaboration with Dr. Meldau, I demonstrated that FDG could be employed as radiotracer to study carbon allocation in Nicotiana upon herbivory. FDG being the glucose analog, it was proposed that FDG could be used as a tracer for photoassimilates. To confirm above hypothesis, I compared radioactivity distribution pattern of two chemically distinct radiotracers, viz. FDG and Ga-citrate. The [18F] and [68Ga] radioactivity distributions were significantly different. [18F] radioactivity distribution pattern was similar to photoassimilates and translocated exclusively via phloem. I also demonstrated that FDG could be employed as a radiotracer for in vivo imaging using positron emission tomography. Further, I analyzed FDG metabolism in Arabidopsis to unravel underlying biochemical pathways. On the basis of exact monoisotopic masses, MS/MS fragmentation, and NMR data; I identified F-gluconic acid, FDG-6-P, F-maltose, and UDP-FDG as end products of FDG metabolism. In plants, FDG was taken up by the cells via HgCl2-sensitive passive uptake process similar to that of glucose. Glycolysis and starch degradation pathway seem to be the important pathways for FDG metabolism in plants. In collaboration with Dr. Meldau, I showed that herbivory increased carbon allocation towards below ground parts such as roots but away from growing parts such as root tips. Experiments with JA-insensitive irCOI1 plant showed that the resultant carbon allocation is dependent upon JA which may be acting in co-ordination with other phytoharmones to regulate plant defense response and plant growth. In conclusion, my thesis provided a basic foundation for establishing FDG as a radiotracer for plant imaging and presents a methodology to trace carbon allocation in plant using FDG. ...
- Document LIN Search class: ['che'], ['bio']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A663599164.jsonld | Optimization of resonances for multilayer x-ray resonators | Resonances in open systems can be described by eigenvalue problems with a radiation condition at infinity and arise in various fields including acoustics, classical mechanics, quantum mechanics, and x-ray physics. This thesis focusses on the optimization of resonances for multilayer x-ray resonators which consist of several layers and support certain resonant states. These resonant states can be excited by x-ray beams under special grazing angles of incidence (corresponding to resonant frequencies of the system) leading to a very high field enhancement inside the system compared to the incident field. X-ray resonators or waveguides can be used for filtering, guiding, and concentration of x-rays, which is for example useful in nanoscale x-ray structure analysis and x-ray imaging. The multilayer structures can be characterized by the refractive index n. We want to find a function n for which the field enhancement in the multilayer structure for a resonant angle of incidence is maximized subject to side constraints on n. For the optimization problem we use an objective function involving complex resonances and corresponding resonance functions. Analytic expressions for the derivatives of resonances and resonance functions with respect to n are derived using perturbation theory of linear operators. As a side product, approximation formulas for the reflectivity are obtained, in particular a mathematical justification for the widely used kinematic approximation. Higher order Taylor approximations and Padé approximations lead to significant improvements of the standard approximation formulas, especially close to the critical angle. We explain how the optimization problem can be discretized and finish with numerical computation leading to improved multilayer x-ray resonators for several situations. | [
"['phy']",
"['mat']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Optimization of resonances for multilayer x-ray resonators
- Document Abstract: Resonances in open systems can be described by eigenvalue problems with a radiation condition at infinity and arise in various fields including acoustics, classical mechanics, quantum mechanics, and x-ray physics. This thesis focusses on the optimization of resonances for multilayer x-ray resonators which consist of several layers and support certain resonant states. These resonant states can be excited by x-ray beams under special grazing angles of incidence (corresponding to resonant frequencies of the system) leading to a very high field enhancement inside the system compared to the incident field. X-ray resonators or waveguides can be used for filtering, guiding, and concentration of x-rays, which is for example useful in nanoscale x-ray structure analysis and x-ray imaging. The multilayer structures can be characterized by the refractive index n. We want to find a function n for which the field enhancement in the multilayer structure for a resonant angle of incidence is maximized subject to side constraints on n. For the optimization problem we use an objective function involving complex resonances and corresponding resonance functions. Analytic expressions for the derivatives of resonances and resonance functions with respect to n are derived using perturbation theory of linear operators. As a side product, approximation formulas for the reflectivity are obtained, in particular a mathematical justification for the widely used kinematic approximation. Higher order Taylor approximations and Padé approximations lead to significant improvements of the standard approximation formulas, especially close to the critical angle. We explain how the optimization problem can be discretized and finish with numerical computation leading to improved multilayer x-ray resonators for several situations.
- Document LIN Search class: ['phy'], ['mat']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A1701683628.jsonld | The making of totalitarian city in Pyongyang : The spatial transition from free to ideology, and for marktization | Space is a social product and a social producer. The main aim of this thesis is to reveal ‘the process of totalitarian city making in Pyongyang’, especially in the light of the interaction between the power and urban space. The totalitarian city of Pyongyang was born out of modernization in the process of masses formation. During the growth of colonial capitalism and Christian liberal ideas, Pyongyang was modernized and displayed the characteristics of a modern city with industrialization and urbanization. During the introduction of Japanese colonial capitalism, peasants, women, and slaves became the first masses and urban poor, and they later transformed into the mob; their violence was finally demonstrated during the Anti-Chinese Riot. After the 1945 independence, Kim’s regime formed the one-party state with a cry for revolution. They produced an atmosphere of imminent war to instill fear and hatred into the psyche of Pyongyang citizens. The regime eliminated all political opponents in 1967 and finally declared the totalitarian ideology in 1974. During this process, Pyongyang demonstrated two main characteristics of a totalitarian city: the space of terror and of ideology. The space of terror produces the fear of death and the space of ideology controls the thought and life of citizens. After entry to the market, to keep Kim’s controlling power, the regime used the strategy of location exchange. The camp, market, and Foreign Currency Shop were effective tools to prepare for executives’ gifts. However, the market also produces the desire not only for consumption but also for freedom and truth; it is tearing down the foundation of the totalitarian city of Pyongyang. This research focuses primarily on the interaction between political power and urban space. In the process of making a totalitarian city, the power produced urban space and it influenced the psyche of Pyongyang citizens. Even though this spatial transition has created the totalitarian city and helped maintain political power, it also led and produced intended or unintended social variation in Pyongyang society. | [
"['sow']",
"['his']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: The making of totalitarian city in Pyongyang : The spatial transition from free to ideology, and for marktization
- Document Abstract: Space is a social product and a social producer. The main aim of this thesis is to reveal ‘the process of totalitarian city making in Pyongyang’, especially in the light of the interaction between the power and urban space. The totalitarian city of Pyongyang was born out of modernization in the process of masses formation. During the growth of colonial capitalism and Christian liberal ideas, Pyongyang was modernized and displayed the characteristics of a modern city with industrialization and urbanization. During the introduction of Japanese colonial capitalism, peasants, women, and slaves became the first masses and urban poor, and they later transformed into the mob; their violence was finally demonstrated during the Anti-Chinese Riot. After the 1945 independence, Kim’s regime formed the one-party state with a cry for revolution. They produced an atmosphere of imminent war to instill fear and hatred into the psyche of Pyongyang citizens. The regime eliminated all political opponents in 1967 and finally declared the totalitarian ideology in 1974. During this process, Pyongyang demonstrated two main characteristics of a totalitarian city: the space of terror and of ideology. The space of terror produces the fear of death and the space of ideology controls the thought and life of citizens. After entry to the market, to keep Kim’s controlling power, the regime used the strategy of location exchange. The camp, market, and Foreign Currency Shop were effective tools to prepare for executives’ gifts. However, the market also produces the desire not only for consumption but also for freedom and truth; it is tearing down the foundation of the totalitarian city of Pyongyang. This research focuses primarily on the interaction between political power and urban space. In the process of making a totalitarian city, the power produced urban space and it influenced the psyche of Pyongyang citizens. Even though this spatial transition has created the totalitarian city and helped maintain political power, it also led and produced intended or unintended social variation in Pyongyang society.
- Document LIN Search class: ['sow'], ['his']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A1797011669.jsonld | Der Westen als Wir-Gruppe im "Kampf der Kulturen" : Diskursanalysen zu sprachlichen Konstruktionen der sozialen Welt | What is the "clash of civilizations"? What are us-group constructions? What is the West? This critical discourse analysis informed by cognitive linguistics answers these questions in detail using a data set comprising more than 100,000 German-language print media articles. It presents highly relevant findings on the use of "we" and "us," as well as on the media production of large social groups and political and cultural global conflicts. Verlagsinfo: Dieser Band präsentiert eine korpusbasierte, kognitionslinguistisch informierte, kritische Diskursanalyse zur sprachlichen Konstruktion von sozialen Großeinheiten wie Kollektiven und Eigen-Gruppen. Insbesondere die Rolle "des Westens" im sogenannten "Kampf der Kulturen" in deutschsprachigen Printmedien wird detailliert herausgearbeitet. Präzise analysiert wird der vielfältige Gebrauch des Personalpronomens "Wir". Die Datengrundlage der - qualitative und quantitative Zugänge verbindenden - repräsentativen Untersuchung bilden mehr als 100.000 Pressetexte deutschsprachiger Zeitschriften und Zeitungen, die in einem Zeitraum von 1993 bis 2019 erschienen sind. Mit ihrem interdisziplinären Zugriff richtet sich die Untersuchung nicht nur an ein linguistisches Fachpublikum, sondern an alle, die in sozialwissenschaftlicher und philosophischer Perspektive an dem komplexen Zusammenhang von Sprache und sozialen Konstruktionen, Diskurs und Identität, Medien und Kollektivität interessiert sind. Die Untersuchung liefert hierzu hochrelevante, korpuslinguistisch fundierte neue Forschungsergebnisse und innovative Terminologien. | [
"['lin']",
"['lit']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Der Westen als Wir-Gruppe im "Kampf der Kulturen" : Diskursanalysen zu sprachlichen Konstruktionen der sozialen Welt
- Document Abstract: What is the "clash of civilizations"? What are us-group constructions? What is the West? This critical discourse analysis informed by cognitive linguistics answers these questions in detail using a data set comprising more than 100,000 German-language print media articles. It presents highly relevant findings on the use of "we" and "us," as well as on the media production of large social groups and political and cultural global conflicts. Verlagsinfo: Dieser Band präsentiert eine korpusbasierte, kognitionslinguistisch informierte, kritische Diskursanalyse zur sprachlichen Konstruktion von sozialen Großeinheiten wie Kollektiven und Eigen-Gruppen. Insbesondere die Rolle "des Westens" im sogenannten "Kampf der Kulturen" in deutschsprachigen Printmedien wird detailliert herausgearbeitet. Präzise analysiert wird der vielfältige Gebrauch des Personalpronomens "Wir". Die Datengrundlage der - qualitative und quantitative Zugänge verbindenden - repräsentativen Untersuchung bilden mehr als 100.000 Pressetexte deutschsprachiger Zeitschriften und Zeitungen, die in einem Zeitraum von 1993 bis 2019 erschienen sind. Mit ihrem interdisziplinären Zugriff richtet sich die Untersuchung nicht nur an ein linguistisches Fachpublikum, sondern an alle, die in sozialwissenschaftlicher und philosophischer Perspektive an dem komplexen Zusammenhang von Sprache und sozialen Konstruktionen, Diskurs und Identität, Medien und Kollektivität interessiert sind. Die Untersuchung liefert hierzu hochrelevante, korpuslinguistisch fundierte neue Forschungsergebnisse und innovative Terminologien.
- Document LIN Search class: ['lin'], ['lit']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A1635583365.jsonld | Critical branding : postcolonial studies and the market | Critical Branding: Postcolonial Studies and the Market provides an original answer to what Sarah Brouillette has called postcolonial studies’ ‘longstanding materialist challenge’, illuminating the relationship between what is often broadly called ‘the market’ and the practice and positionality of postcolonial critics and their field, postcolonial studies. After much attention has been paid to the status of literary writers in markets, and after a range of sweeping attacks against the field for its alleged ‘complicity’ with capitalism, this study takes the crucial step of systematically exploring the engagement of postcolonial critics in market practice, substituting an automatic sense of accusation (Dirlik), dread (Westall; Brouillette), rage (Young; Williams), or irony (Huggan; Ponzanesi; Mendes) with a nuanced exploration and critique. Bringing together concepts from business studies, postcolonial studies, queer studies, and literary and cultural studies in an informed way, Critical Branding sets on a thorough theoretical footing a range of categories that, while increasingly current, remain surprisingly obscure, such as the market, market forces, and branding. It also provides new concepts with which to think the market as a dimension of practice, such as brand narratives, brand acts, and brand politics. At a time when the marketisation of the university system and the resulting effects on academics are much on our minds, Critical Branding is a timely contribution that explores how diversely postcolonial studies and the market intersect, for better and for worse. | [
"['lit']",
"['lin']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Critical branding : postcolonial studies and the market
- Document Abstract: Critical Branding: Postcolonial Studies and the Market provides an original answer to what Sarah Brouillette has called postcolonial studies’ ‘longstanding materialist challenge’, illuminating the relationship between what is often broadly called ‘the market’ and the practice and positionality of postcolonial critics and their field, postcolonial studies. After much attention has been paid to the status of literary writers in markets, and after a range of sweeping attacks against the field for its alleged ‘complicity’ with capitalism, this study takes the crucial step of systematically exploring the engagement of postcolonial critics in market practice, substituting an automatic sense of accusation (Dirlik), dread (Westall; Brouillette), rage (Young; Williams), or irony (Huggan; Ponzanesi; Mendes) with a nuanced exploration and critique. Bringing together concepts from business studies, postcolonial studies, queer studies, and literary and cultural studies in an informed way, Critical Branding sets on a thorough theoretical footing a range of categories that, while increasingly current, remain surprisingly obscure, such as the market, market forces, and branding. It also provides new concepts with which to think the market as a dimension of practice, such as brand narratives, brand acts, and brand politics. At a time when the marketisation of the university system and the resulting effects on academics are much on our minds, Critical Branding is a timely contribution that explores how diversely postcolonial studies and the market intersect, for better and for worse.
- Document LIN Search class: ['lit'], ['lin']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A852164181.jsonld | Metal complexes with sulfur ligands as cytotoxic agents | A series of Pt(II) complexes with a ligand system based on ß-hydroxydithiocinnamic esters are described as potential cytotoxic agents. The pharmacophore was adapted by using different substituents at the aromatic moiety and by varying the alkyl chain lengths at the dithioester unit. Coordination towards a Pt(II) center afforded neutral (O,S) bidentate complexes where the ligand sphere is completed by a chlorido ligand and DMSO, which coordinates via its S atom. To achieve different polarities and hence degrees of aqueous solubility, the metal complexes’ behavior in aqueous solution was assessed by UV-vis spectroscopy, giving information on aquation processes and solubility behavior. The compounds’ biological activity against representative cancer cell lines was assessed. Fluorescence microscopy provided first visual impression of cellular response to the reported compounds. Biomolecule interaction studies were then conducted using ESI mass spectrometry and UV-visible spectroscopy. A panel of model proteins was investigated and stable binding of the (O,S)Pt unit towards amino acid side chains revealed. Binding motifs were furthermore analyzed by X-ray crystallographic studies. Subsequently, the compounds’ binding ability towards DNA was probed using 9-methylguanine and single-strand oligonucleotides. Also in this case, stable coordination of the (O,S)Pt unit was found. To enable an enhanced compound targeting towards cancer cells with peptide conjugates, synthetic pathways towards the formation of bioconjugates were explored. Two general methods to link the (O,S)Pt pharmacophore to a model peptide were applied, 1,3-dipolar azide-alkyne cycloaddition and the linking via amide bonds. To this aim, the ligand system was derivatized with alkyne-, azide-, and carboxy substituents and reacted with Leu5-Enkephalin bearing the respective complimentary functional group. | [
"['che']",
"['bio']",
"['meda']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Metal complexes with sulfur ligands as cytotoxic agents
- Document Abstract: A series of Pt(II) complexes with a ligand system based on ß-hydroxydithiocinnamic esters are described as potential cytotoxic agents. The pharmacophore was adapted by using different substituents at the aromatic moiety and by varying the alkyl chain lengths at the dithioester unit. Coordination towards a Pt(II) center afforded neutral (O,S) bidentate complexes where the ligand sphere is completed by a chlorido ligand and DMSO, which coordinates via its S atom. To achieve different polarities and hence degrees of aqueous solubility, the metal complexes’ behavior in aqueous solution was assessed by UV-vis spectroscopy, giving information on aquation processes and solubility behavior. The compounds’ biological activity against representative cancer cell lines was assessed. Fluorescence microscopy provided first visual impression of cellular response to the reported compounds. Biomolecule interaction studies were then conducted using ESI mass spectrometry and UV-visible spectroscopy. A panel of model proteins was investigated and stable binding of the (O,S)Pt unit towards amino acid side chains revealed. Binding motifs were furthermore analyzed by X-ray crystallographic studies. Subsequently, the compounds’ binding ability towards DNA was probed using 9-methylguanine and single-strand oligonucleotides. Also in this case, stable coordination of the (O,S)Pt unit was found. To enable an enhanced compound targeting towards cancer cells with peptide conjugates, synthetic pathways towards the formation of bioconjugates were explored. Two general methods to link the (O,S)Pt pharmacophore to a model peptide were applied, 1,3-dipolar azide-alkyne cycloaddition and the linking via amide bonds. To this aim, the ligand system was derivatized with alkyne-, azide-, and carboxy substituents and reacted with Leu5-Enkephalin bearing the respective complimentary functional group.
- Document LIN Search class: ['che'], ['bio'], ['meda']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A557628083.jsonld | Minimisation of optical pathlength noise for the detection of gravitational waves with the spaceborne laser interferometer LISA and LISA pathfinder | Gravitational waves, space interferometry, laser control loops. - Gravitationswellen, Weltrauminterferometrie, Laserstabilisierung | [
"['phy']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Minimisation of optical pathlength noise for the detection of gravitational waves with the spaceborne laser interferometer LISA and LISA pathfinder
- Document Abstract: Gravitational waves, space interferometry, laser control loops. - Gravitationswellen, Weltrauminterferometrie, Laserstabilisierung
- Document LIN Search class: ['phy']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A684812711.jsonld | Entwicklung einer Ultraschallsensorik zur Online-Charakterisierung der Aufreinigung von Proteinen | Ultraschall, Downstream Analytik, Ultraschallgeschwindigkeit. - Ultrasonic, downstream analytics, ultrasonic velocity | [
"['phy']",
"['tec']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Entwicklung einer Ultraschallsensorik zur Online-Charakterisierung der Aufreinigung von Proteinen
- Document Abstract: Ultraschall, Downstream Analytik, Ultraschallgeschwindigkeit. - Ultrasonic, downstream analytics, ultrasonic velocity
- Document LIN Search class: ['phy'], ['tec']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A629781648.jsonld | Wissensgemeinschaft-basiertes Vorgehensmodell zur Interaktion zwischen Forschung und Industrie | Community of Practice, CoP, Knowledge Management, Knowledge Communities. - Companies today invest more and more in how to best manage their knowledge in order to stay competitive get into new markets and react faster to evolving needs and trends. The need for integration between both research and industry is well known. However, the reduction of lead-times and validation and publication of (research)results require a strengthened interaction. Objective of the developed and here described approach is an improved interaction by concurrent exploitation of interactive methods used in virtual and non-virtual communities of practice. Thus it is targeting organizations and individuals who are willing to exchange knowledge and findings in order to e.g. validate them, derive new questions or apply these findings within a community of practice or cooperation. | [
"['oek']",
"['inf']",
"['pae']",
"['sow']",
"['tec']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Wissensgemeinschaft-basiertes Vorgehensmodell zur Interaktion zwischen Forschung und Industrie
- Document Abstract: Community of Practice, CoP, Knowledge Management, Knowledge Communities. - Companies today invest more and more in how to best manage their knowledge in order to stay competitive get into new markets and react faster to evolving needs and trends. The need for integration between both research and industry is well known. However, the reduction of lead-times and validation and publication of (research)results require a strengthened interaction. Objective of the developed and here described approach is an improved interaction by concurrent exploitation of interactive methods used in virtual and non-virtual communities of practice. Thus it is targeting organizations and individuals who are willing to exchange knowledge and findings in order to e.g. validate them, derive new questions or apply these findings within a community of practice or cooperation.
- Document LIN Search class: ['oek'], ['inf'], ['pae'], ['sow'], ['tec']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A507924339.jsonld | A life cycle for clusters? : the dynamics of agglomeration, change, and adaptation | The phenomenon of non-random spatial concentrations of firms in one or few related sectors (clusters) is intensively debated in economic theory and policy. The euphoria about successful clusters however neglects that historically, many thriving clusters did deteriorate into old industrial areas. This book studies the determinants of cluster survival by analyzing their adaptability to change in the economic environment. Linking theoretic knowledge with empirical observations, a simulation model (based in the N/K method) is developed, which explains when and why the cluster's architecture assists or hampers adaptability. It is found that architectures with intermediate degrees of division of labour and more collective governance forms foster adaptability. Cluster development is thus path dependent as architectures having evolved over time impact on the likelihood of future survival. TOC:Part I The rationale for studying cluster dynamics: Introduction: Clusters, change and adaptation.- Part II Literature review - The benefits of co-location: Stability and change: Driving cluster development; The nature of the beast - On the notion of agglomeration externalities.- Part III Towards a complexity perspective on clusters: Clusters, change and adaptation: Sticky places in slippery space?; Modelling adaptation in clusters - The promise of complexity theory.- Part IV Model development - Clusters as complex adaptive systems: Micromotives and macrobehaviour - Dynamics of N/K systems; Clusters as co-evolving N/K systems.- Part V Division of labour, co-ordination and cluster adaptation: Clusters, change and adaptation - Simulation results; Model contribution, limitation and avenues for future research.- Appendices. | [
"['oek']",
"['geo']",
"['mat']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: A life cycle for clusters? : the dynamics of agglomeration, change, and adaptation
- Document Abstract: The phenomenon of non-random spatial concentrations of firms in one or few related sectors (clusters) is intensively debated in economic theory and policy. The euphoria about successful clusters however neglects that historically, many thriving clusters did deteriorate into old industrial areas. This book studies the determinants of cluster survival by analyzing their adaptability to change in the economic environment. Linking theoretic knowledge with empirical observations, a simulation model (based in the N/K method) is developed, which explains when and why the cluster's architecture assists or hampers adaptability. It is found that architectures with intermediate degrees of division of labour and more collective governance forms foster adaptability. Cluster development is thus path dependent as architectures having evolved over time impact on the likelihood of future survival. TOC:Part I The rationale for studying cluster dynamics: Introduction: Clusters, change and adaptation.- Part II Literature review - The benefits of co-location: Stability and change: Driving cluster development; The nature of the beast - On the notion of agglomeration externalities.- Part III Towards a complexity perspective on clusters: Clusters, change and adaptation: Sticky places in slippery space?; Modelling adaptation in clusters - The promise of complexity theory.- Part IV Model development - Clusters as complex adaptive systems: Micromotives and macrobehaviour - Dynamics of N/K systems; Clusters as co-evolving N/K systems.- Part V Division of labour, co-ordination and cluster adaptation: Clusters, change and adaptation - Simulation results; Model contribution, limitation and avenues for future research.- Appendices.
- Document LIN Search class: ['oek'], ['geo'], ['mat']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A883092387.jsonld | Classical molecular dynamics simulation of fluorophilic and lipophilic molecules in a membrane environment | dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine; fluorinated compounds; fluorotelomer alcohol; phase transition; diffusion; miscibility; fluorophilicity; configurations Gegenstand dieser Arbeit ist die Berechnung von räumlichen Verteilungsfunktionen und der Diffusion von perfluorierten Alkanen in einer Phospholipid-Doppelschicht mithilfe von Molekulardynamik-Simulationen. Perfluorierte Molekükle besitzen eine besondere Art von Philie (Fluorophilie), welche sie zu interressanten Kandidaten für die Untersuchung in Lipid-Doppelschichten macht. Ein besonderer Schwerpunkt wurde auf die Untersuchung der Auswirkungen von zusätzlichen Funktionalisierungen der Alkane (durch Carboxyl-und Hydroxy-Gruppen) auf die Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine-(DPPC)-Membran gelegt, welche in Wasser vollständig solvatisiert ist. Das Ziel des Projekts ist die Beschreibung des komplexen Zusammenspiels des lipophilen Kerns und der hydrophilen Kopfgruppen der Lipid-Doppelschicht mit den funktionalisierten fluorophilen Alkanen. Für die längerkettigen Alkane kann ein schnelleres Eindringen in die Membran unter Reduktion der translationellen und rotatorischen Bewegung beobachtet werden. Zusätzlich wurde hier ein Clustering-Phänomen beobachtet. Dynamische Größen, wie eine Zunahme des Ordnungs-Parameters und der gauche-trans-Konformationen (bezogen auf die Alkylketten der Lipid-Doppelschicht) wurden ebenfalls berechnet. Auf der Grundlage der Informationen aus den Dichteprofilen und der signifikanten Reduktion der benötigen Fläche pro Lipid kann ein Phasenübergang innerhalb der Lipid-Doppelschicht angenommen werden. This thesis deals with the prediction of the spatial distribution and diffusive dynamics of perfluorinated alkane molecules within a phospholipid bilayer by means of molecular dynamics simulations. Perfluorinated molecules exhibit a special type of philicity (fluorophilicity). This special feature makes perfluorinated molecules an interesting agent for insertion into lipid bilayers. A particular spotlight is put on the effect of adding a further functionality (an acidic and an alcoholic end-group) on the properties of the alkanes within the dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) membrane which is fully solvated in liquid water. The aim of this project is to elucidate the complex interplay of the lipophilic core and the hydrophilic polar head groups of the lipid bilayer with the functionalized fluorophilic alkane molecules. During their interactions, the longer chain molecules showed faster penetration with a reduction in their translational and rotational movement and also shows clustering phenomenon. Dynamical observations such as an increase of the order parameters and gauche-trans conformations, related to the alkyl chains of the lipid bilayer were also computed. On the basis of information obtained from the density profiles and significant reduction of Area/Lipid, one can observe, phase transition of the lipid. Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholin; fluorierte Verbindungen; Fluortelomeralkohol; Phasenübergang; Diffusion; Mischbarkeit; Fluorophilie; Konfigurationen | [
"['che']",
"['bio']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Classical molecular dynamics simulation of fluorophilic and lipophilic molecules in a membrane environment
- Document Abstract: dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine; fluorinated compounds; fluorotelomer alcohol; phase transition; diffusion; miscibility; fluorophilicity; configurations Gegenstand dieser Arbeit ist die Berechnung von räumlichen Verteilungsfunktionen und der Diffusion von perfluorierten Alkanen in einer Phospholipid-Doppelschicht mithilfe von Molekulardynamik-Simulationen. Perfluorierte Molekükle besitzen eine besondere Art von Philie (Fluorophilie), welche sie zu interressanten Kandidaten für die Untersuchung in Lipid-Doppelschichten macht. Ein besonderer Schwerpunkt wurde auf die Untersuchung der Auswirkungen von zusätzlichen Funktionalisierungen der Alkane (durch Carboxyl-und Hydroxy-Gruppen) auf die Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine-(DPPC)-Membran gelegt, welche in Wasser vollständig solvatisiert ist. Das Ziel des Projekts ist die Beschreibung des komplexen Zusammenspiels des lipophilen Kerns und der hydrophilen Kopfgruppen der Lipid-Doppelschicht mit den funktionalisierten fluorophilen Alkanen. Für die längerkettigen Alkane kann ein schnelleres Eindringen in die Membran unter Reduktion der translationellen und rotatorischen Bewegung beobachtet werden. Zusätzlich wurde hier ein Clustering-Phänomen beobachtet. Dynamische Größen, wie eine Zunahme des Ordnungs-Parameters und der gauche-trans-Konformationen (bezogen auf die Alkylketten der Lipid-Doppelschicht) wurden ebenfalls berechnet. Auf der Grundlage der Informationen aus den Dichteprofilen und der signifikanten Reduktion der benötigen Fläche pro Lipid kann ein Phasenübergang innerhalb der Lipid-Doppelschicht angenommen werden. This thesis deals with the prediction of the spatial distribution and diffusive dynamics of perfluorinated alkane molecules within a phospholipid bilayer by means of molecular dynamics simulations. Perfluorinated molecules exhibit a special type of philicity (fluorophilicity). This special feature makes perfluorinated molecules an interesting agent for insertion into lipid bilayers. A particular spotlight is put on the effect of adding a further functionality (an acidic and an alcoholic end-group) on the properties of the alkanes within the dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) membrane which is fully solvated in liquid water. The aim of this project is to elucidate the complex interplay of the lipophilic core and the hydrophilic polar head groups of the lipid bilayer with the functionalized fluorophilic alkane molecules. During their interactions, the longer chain molecules showed faster penetration with a reduction in their translational and rotational movement and also shows clustering phenomenon. Dynamical observations such as an increase of the order parameters and gauche-trans conformations, related to the alkyl chains of the lipid bilayer were also computed. On the basis of information obtained from the density profiles and significant reduction of Area/Lipid, one can observe, phase transition of the lipid. Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholin; fluorierte Verbindungen; Fluortelomeralkohol; Phasenübergang; Diffusion; Mischbarkeit; Fluorophilie; Konfigurationen
- Document LIN Search class: ['che'], ['bio']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A1769431195.jsonld | Das Grundrecht auf sexuelle Selbstbestimmung : zugleich eine gewährleistungsdogmatische Rekonstruktion des Rechts auf die freie Entfaltung der Persönlichkeit | The thesis deals with the right to sexual autonomy in German constitutional law. The author shows that the approaches adopted by the Federal Constitutional Court and legal scholarship do not adequately reflect social change in the area of sexualities and develops a legal concept of the right that emphasizes on personal autonomy and sexual consent. Ausgehend von dem gesellschaftlichen Wandel in der Bewertung von Sexualitäten analysiert die Arbeit den Gewährleistungsgehalt des Grundrechts auf sexuelle Selbstbestimmung. Unter Auswertung bestehender Konzeptionen in der Rechtsprechung des Bundesverfassungsgerichts und der Rechtswissenschaft wird das Recht auf sexuelle Selbstbestimmung als Ausprägung des Rechts auf die freie Entfaltung der Persönlichkeit konturiert. Auf der Grundlage eines personalen Autonomiekonzepts schlägt die Autorin eine aktualisierende Interpretation des Rechts auf freie Entfaltung der Persönlichkeit aus Art. 2 Abs. 1 GG vor, die Bedingungen für sexuell selbstbestimmtes Entscheiden und Handeln in den Fokus rückt und staatliche Gewährleistungspflichten präzisiert. | [
"['jur']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Das Grundrecht auf sexuelle Selbstbestimmung : zugleich eine gewährleistungsdogmatische Rekonstruktion des Rechts auf die freie Entfaltung der Persönlichkeit
- Document Abstract: The thesis deals with the right to sexual autonomy in German constitutional law. The author shows that the approaches adopted by the Federal Constitutional Court and legal scholarship do not adequately reflect social change in the area of sexualities and develops a legal concept of the right that emphasizes on personal autonomy and sexual consent. Ausgehend von dem gesellschaftlichen Wandel in der Bewertung von Sexualitäten analysiert die Arbeit den Gewährleistungsgehalt des Grundrechts auf sexuelle Selbstbestimmung. Unter Auswertung bestehender Konzeptionen in der Rechtsprechung des Bundesverfassungsgerichts und der Rechtswissenschaft wird das Recht auf sexuelle Selbstbestimmung als Ausprägung des Rechts auf die freie Entfaltung der Persönlichkeit konturiert. Auf der Grundlage eines personalen Autonomiekonzepts schlägt die Autorin eine aktualisierende Interpretation des Rechts auf freie Entfaltung der Persönlichkeit aus Art. 2 Abs. 1 GG vor, die Bedingungen für sexuell selbstbestimmtes Entscheiden und Handeln in den Fokus rückt und staatliche Gewährleistungspflichten präzisiert.
- Document LIN Search class: ['jur']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A1656034700.jsonld | 129 Xe Relaxation and Rabi Oscillations | This thesis describes longitudinal nuclear relaxation measurements of solid 129Xe near 77 K with previously unattainable reproducibility, and demonstrates differences in relaxation, dependent upon the way in which the solid is condensed. These results are directly applicable to the generation and storage of large quantities of hyperpolarized 129Xe for various applications, such as lung magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The thesis features a sophisticated theoretical approach to these data sets, including modifications to a well-established Raman-phonon scattering theory that may explain the larger scatter in and discrepancies with previous work | [
"['phy']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: 129 Xe Relaxation and Rabi Oscillations
- Document Abstract: This thesis describes longitudinal nuclear relaxation measurements of solid 129Xe near 77 K with previously unattainable reproducibility, and demonstrates differences in relaxation, dependent upon the way in which the solid is condensed. These results are directly applicable to the generation and storage of large quantities of hyperpolarized 129Xe for various applications, such as lung magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The thesis features a sophisticated theoretical approach to these data sets, including modifications to a well-established Raman-phonon scattering theory that may explain the larger scatter in and discrepancies with previous work
- Document LIN Search class: ['phy']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A630453799.jsonld | Studies on the microbial halogen cycle : reactions of fungal peroxidases and bacterial reductive dehalogenases | Halogenated metabolites are produced e. g. by lignin degrading fungi and may be available to organohalide respiring anaerobes in natural environments. However, it is unclear if there is any connection between aerobic halogenation and anaerobic dehalogenation. The aims of the present study were to answer this question and to shed some light on microbial halogenation and dehalogenation involving halide ions other than the well studied Cl- (e. g. Br-, F-). Using Sulfurospirillum multivorans and Desulfitobacterium hafniense PCE-S and their purified tetrachloroethene reductive dehalogenases as a model system, dehalogenation of brominated alkenes was investigated and compared with that of their chlorinated analogues. It was found that debromination proceeded at a lower stereospecificity than dechlorination; the reaction mechanism of dechlorination and debromination of the halogenated alkenes appeared to be very similar and that the carbon backbone had a more significant effect on the reaction mechanism than the type of halogen. Peroxidases of the halogenating fungus Bjerkandera adusta Ud1 were studied for halide ion-involved reactions. The versatile peroxidases purified from this fungus were found to exhibit brominating activity. For the first time, a variety of substrates were found to be fluoride-dependently converted by manganese peroxidase in the absence of Mn(II). A hypothesis was brought up that a long-range electron transfer pathway might have been activated by the conformational changes occurred upon fluoride binding. The putative interaction of halogenating fungi and dehalogenating anaerobic bacteria was studied. Halogenated metabolites were produced by B. adusta strain Ud1 and dehalogenated by the anaerobe D. hafniense DCB-2. Furthermore, a dehalogenating Desulfitobacterium strain was isolated from forest soil, where ligninolytic enzyme activities were detected, pointing to an interaction between halogenating lignin-degrading fungi and dehalogenating anaerobe. | [
"['che']",
"['bio']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Studies on the microbial halogen cycle : reactions of fungal peroxidases and bacterial reductive dehalogenases
- Document Abstract: Halogenated metabolites are produced e. g. by lignin degrading fungi and may be available to organohalide respiring anaerobes in natural environments. However, it is unclear if there is any connection between aerobic halogenation and anaerobic dehalogenation. The aims of the present study were to answer this question and to shed some light on microbial halogenation and dehalogenation involving halide ions other than the well studied Cl- (e. g. Br-, F-). Using Sulfurospirillum multivorans and Desulfitobacterium hafniense PCE-S and their purified tetrachloroethene reductive dehalogenases as a model system, dehalogenation of brominated alkenes was investigated and compared with that of their chlorinated analogues. It was found that debromination proceeded at a lower stereospecificity than dechlorination; the reaction mechanism of dechlorination and debromination of the halogenated alkenes appeared to be very similar and that the carbon backbone had a more significant effect on the reaction mechanism than the type of halogen. Peroxidases of the halogenating fungus Bjerkandera adusta Ud1 were studied for halide ion-involved reactions. The versatile peroxidases purified from this fungus were found to exhibit brominating activity. For the first time, a variety of substrates were found to be fluoride-dependently converted by manganese peroxidase in the absence of Mn(II). A hypothesis was brought up that a long-range electron transfer pathway might have been activated by the conformational changes occurred upon fluoride binding. The putative interaction of halogenating fungi and dehalogenating anaerobic bacteria was studied. Halogenated metabolites were produced by B. adusta strain Ud1 and dehalogenated by the anaerobe D. hafniense DCB-2. Furthermore, a dehalogenating Desulfitobacterium strain was isolated from forest soil, where ligninolytic enzyme activities were detected, pointing to an interaction between halogenating lignin-degrading fungi and dehalogenating anaerobe.
- Document LIN Search class: ['che'], ['bio']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A639557074.jsonld | The solubility of sulfur and chlorine in H2O-bearing dacites of Krakatau and basalts of Mt. Etna | Sulfur, chlorine, volatile partitioning, basaltic melt, magma degassing. - Schwefel, Chlor, Volatile, Basalt, magmatische Entgasung | [
"['geo']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: The solubility of sulfur and chlorine in H2O-bearing dacites of Krakatau and basalts of Mt. Etna
- Document Abstract: Sulfur, chlorine, volatile partitioning, basaltic melt, magma degassing. - Schwefel, Chlor, Volatile, Basalt, magmatische Entgasung
- Document LIN Search class: ['geo']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A1869979877.jsonld | Jamaica Kincaid’s writings of history : a poetics of impermanence | Jamaica Kincaid's works consistently explore how colonial history affects contemporary everyday lives. Throughout her novels, short fiction, and non-fictional essays, Kincaid's texts engage with history through its medial representations, which are starkly determined by colonial perspectives. This study examines the entanglements of temporalities in current perceptions of the past and how literary text intervenes in historical consciousness. With a focus on the media text, image, and the human body, the chapters of this book demonstrate how Kincaid's "poetics of impermanence" counter colonial representations of history with strategies of ambiguity, repetition, and redirection. Kincaid's texts repeat and revise aspects of colonial history - a process that decenters the totality of historical colonial ideology and replaces it with self-determined versions of the past through a multiplication of perspectives and voices | [
"['lit']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Jamaica Kincaid’s writings of history : a poetics of impermanence
- Document Abstract: Jamaica Kincaid's works consistently explore how colonial history affects contemporary everyday lives. Throughout her novels, short fiction, and non-fictional essays, Kincaid's texts engage with history through its medial representations, which are starkly determined by colonial perspectives. This study examines the entanglements of temporalities in current perceptions of the past and how literary text intervenes in historical consciousness. With a focus on the media text, image, and the human body, the chapters of this book demonstrate how Kincaid's "poetics of impermanence" counter colonial representations of history with strategies of ambiguity, repetition, and redirection. Kincaid's texts repeat and revise aspects of colonial history - a process that decenters the totality of historical colonial ideology and replaces it with self-determined versions of the past through a multiplication of perspectives and voices
- Document LIN Search class: ['lit']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A864341687.jsonld | Connectivity of Boolean satisfiability | Komplexität, Erfüllbarkeit, Zusammenhang in Graphen, Boolesche CSPs, Boolesche Schaltkreise, Post'scher Verband, Dichotomien. - Computational complexity, Boolean satisfiability, graph connectivity, Boolean CSPs, Boolean circuits, Post's lattice, dichotomy theorems | [
"['inf']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Connectivity of Boolean satisfiability
- Document Abstract: Komplexität, Erfüllbarkeit, Zusammenhang in Graphen, Boolesche CSPs, Boolesche Schaltkreise, Post'scher Verband, Dichotomien. - Computational complexity, Boolean satisfiability, graph connectivity, Boolean CSPs, Boolean circuits, Post's lattice, dichotomy theorems
- Document LIN Search class: ['inf']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A1048875970.jsonld | Arbeitsunfall 4.0 : die Abgrenzung privater und beruflicher Risikosphären in der modernen Arbeitswelt | Digitisation and tertiarisation have made it difficult to categorise activities as private or work-related. The two notions that have traditionally been used to make that distinction – i.e. place of work and working time – are losing their importance. An increasing number of em-ployees are subject to the phenomenon of blurred boundaries: They set their own hours, work from home or on-the-go. German Social Accident Insurance, however, determines the question of coverage on the allocation of the accident to either the work sphere or the private sphere of the aggrieved party.The book explores the extent to which it is necessary to modernise the way risks are allocat-ed in order to not discriminate against those who have jobs outside of traditional parameters and discusses whether it is still adequate to base allocation mechanisms on the principles of the employers’ business risk and duties of care.By way of extensive dogmatic analysis and a comparison with other systems of risk allocation, the study proposes a modern take on allocating risks with just results for both employers and employees from all fields of work. Arbeits- und Privatsphäre sind in der modernen Arbeitswelt untrennbar vermengt: Nicht nur wandert die Arbeit immer mehr in die vormals privat konnotierte Sphäre des Arbeitnehmers, sondern auch umgekehrt gelangt immer mehr Privates in den betrieblichen Bereich.Das Unfallversicherungsrecht jedoch basiert auf der Trennung beider Sphären. In der Konsequenz verfehlt es bei Gestaltungen wie dem Homeoffice, der ständigen Erreichbarkeit oder der mobilen Arbeit seinen Zweck: ArbeitnehmerInnen in modernen Arbeitsverhältnissen werden im Gegensatz zu ArbeitnehmerInnen in traditionellen, dem fordistisch-tayloristischen Modell folgenden Arbeitsverhältnissen weniger vor den Konsequenzen von Unfällen im Zusammenhang mit ihrer Berufstätigkeit geschützt.Das Werk nimmt sich dieser bisher nicht gelösten Problematik an. Über die Auseinandersetzung mit der Dogmatik des Arbeitsunfalls sowie des beamtenrechtlichen Dienstunfalls, des gesellschaftlichen und sozialpolitischen Kontextes der Unfallversicherung und den Gegebenheiten von Arbeit 4.0 gelangt das Buch zu einer Fortentwicklung der Dogmatik der Betriebsrisikolehre und zeigt auf, wie sich eine sowohl den Arbeitgeber- als auch den Arbeitnehmerinteressen gerechte Zuordnung der Risiken erreichen lässt. | [
"['jur']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Arbeitsunfall 4.0 : die Abgrenzung privater und beruflicher Risikosphären in der modernen Arbeitswelt
- Document Abstract: Digitisation and tertiarisation have made it difficult to categorise activities as private or work-related. The two notions that have traditionally been used to make that distinction – i.e. place of work and working time – are losing their importance. An increasing number of em-ployees are subject to the phenomenon of blurred boundaries: They set their own hours, work from home or on-the-go. German Social Accident Insurance, however, determines the question of coverage on the allocation of the accident to either the work sphere or the private sphere of the aggrieved party.The book explores the extent to which it is necessary to modernise the way risks are allocat-ed in order to not discriminate against those who have jobs outside of traditional parameters and discusses whether it is still adequate to base allocation mechanisms on the principles of the employers’ business risk and duties of care.By way of extensive dogmatic analysis and a comparison with other systems of risk allocation, the study proposes a modern take on allocating risks with just results for both employers and employees from all fields of work. Arbeits- und Privatsphäre sind in der modernen Arbeitswelt untrennbar vermengt: Nicht nur wandert die Arbeit immer mehr in die vormals privat konnotierte Sphäre des Arbeitnehmers, sondern auch umgekehrt gelangt immer mehr Privates in den betrieblichen Bereich.Das Unfallversicherungsrecht jedoch basiert auf der Trennung beider Sphären. In der Konsequenz verfehlt es bei Gestaltungen wie dem Homeoffice, der ständigen Erreichbarkeit oder der mobilen Arbeit seinen Zweck: ArbeitnehmerInnen in modernen Arbeitsverhältnissen werden im Gegensatz zu ArbeitnehmerInnen in traditionellen, dem fordistisch-tayloristischen Modell folgenden Arbeitsverhältnissen weniger vor den Konsequenzen von Unfällen im Zusammenhang mit ihrer Berufstätigkeit geschützt.Das Werk nimmt sich dieser bisher nicht gelösten Problematik an. Über die Auseinandersetzung mit der Dogmatik des Arbeitsunfalls sowie des beamtenrechtlichen Dienstunfalls, des gesellschaftlichen und sozialpolitischen Kontextes der Unfallversicherung und den Gegebenheiten von Arbeit 4.0 gelangt das Buch zu einer Fortentwicklung der Dogmatik der Betriebsrisikolehre und zeigt auf, wie sich eine sowohl den Arbeitgeber- als auch den Arbeitnehmerinteressen gerechte Zuordnung der Risiken erreichen lässt.
- Document LIN Search class: ['jur']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A1744113181.jsonld | Functionalization of nanoporous carbon materials for chiral separation and heterogeneous oxidation catalysis | The impact that catalysis has on global economy and environment is substantial, since 85% of all chemical industrial processes are catalytic. Among those, 80% of the processes are heterogeneously catalyzed, 17% make use of homogeneous catalysts, and 3% are biocatalytic processes. Especially in the pharmaceutical and agrochemical industry, a significant part of these processes involves chiral compounds. Obtaining enantiomerically pure compounds is necessary and it is usually accomplished by asymmetric synthesis and catalysis, as well as chiral separation. The efficiency of these processes may be vastly improved if the chiral selectors are positioned on a porous solid support, thereby increasing the available surface area for chiral recognition. Similarly, the majority of commercial catalysts are also supported, usually comprising of metal nanoparticles (NPs) dispersed on highly porous oxide or nanoporous carbon material. Materials that have exceptional thermal and chemical stability, and are electrically conductive are porous carbons ... | [
"['che']",
"['cet']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Functionalization of nanoporous carbon materials for chiral separation and heterogeneous oxidation catalysis
- Document Abstract: The impact that catalysis has on global economy and environment is substantial, since 85% of all chemical industrial processes are catalytic. Among those, 80% of the processes are heterogeneously catalyzed, 17% make use of homogeneous catalysts, and 3% are biocatalytic processes. Especially in the pharmaceutical and agrochemical industry, a significant part of these processes involves chiral compounds. Obtaining enantiomerically pure compounds is necessary and it is usually accomplished by asymmetric synthesis and catalysis, as well as chiral separation. The efficiency of these processes may be vastly improved if the chiral selectors are positioned on a porous solid support, thereby increasing the available surface area for chiral recognition. Similarly, the majority of commercial catalysts are also supported, usually comprising of metal nanoparticles (NPs) dispersed on highly porous oxide or nanoporous carbon material. Materials that have exceptional thermal and chemical stability, and are electrically conductive are porous carbons ...
- Document LIN Search class: ['che'], ['cet']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A865359016.jsonld | Embodying the Vedas : Traditional Vedic Schools of Contemporary Maharashtra | Popularly Hinduism is believed to be the world’s oldest living religion. This claim is based on a continuous reverence to the oldest strata of religious authority within the Hindu traditions, the Vedic corpus, which began to be composed more than three thousand years ago, around 1750–1200 BCE. The Vedas have been considered by many as the philosophical cornerstone of the Brahmanical traditions (āstika); even previous to the colonial construction of the concept of “Hinduism.” However, what can be pieced together from the Vedic texts is very different from contemporary Hindu religious practices, beliefs, social norms and political realities. This book presents the results of a study of the traditional education and training of Brahmins through the traditional system of education called gurukula as observed in 25 contemporary Vedic schools across the state of Maharasthra. This system of education aims to teach Brahmin males how to properly recite, memorize and ultimately embody the Veda. This book combines insights from ethnographic and textual analysis to unravel how the recitation of the Vedic texts and the Vedic traditions, as well as the identity of the traditional Brahmin in general, are transmitted from one generation to the next in contemporary India. | [
"['rel']",
"['pae']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Embodying the Vedas : Traditional Vedic Schools of Contemporary Maharashtra
- Document Abstract: Popularly Hinduism is believed to be the world’s oldest living religion. This claim is based on a continuous reverence to the oldest strata of religious authority within the Hindu traditions, the Vedic corpus, which began to be composed more than three thousand years ago, around 1750–1200 BCE. The Vedas have been considered by many as the philosophical cornerstone of the Brahmanical traditions (āstika); even previous to the colonial construction of the concept of “Hinduism.” However, what can be pieced together from the Vedic texts is very different from contemporary Hindu religious practices, beliefs, social norms and political realities. This book presents the results of a study of the traditional education and training of Brahmins through the traditional system of education called gurukula as observed in 25 contemporary Vedic schools across the state of Maharasthra. This system of education aims to teach Brahmin males how to properly recite, memorize and ultimately embody the Veda. This book combines insights from ethnographic and textual analysis to unravel how the recitation of the Vedic texts and the Vedic traditions, as well as the identity of the traditional Brahmin in general, are transmitted from one generation to the next in contemporary India.
- Document LIN Search class: ['rel'], ['pae']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A1028165714.jsonld | Scalable data profiling : distributed discovery and analysis of structural metadata | Data profiling is the act of extracting structural metadata from datasets. Structural metadata, such as data dependencies and statistics, can support data management operations, such as data integration and data cleaning. Data management often is the most time-consuming activity in any data-related project. Its support is extremely valuable in our data-driven world, so that more time can be spent on the actual utilization of the data, e. g., building analytical models. In most scenarios, however, structural metadata is not given and must be extracted first. Therefore, efficient data profiling methods are highly desirable. Data profiling is a computationally expensive problem; in fact, most dependency discovery problems entail search spaces that grow exponentially in the number of attributes. To this end, this thesis introduces novel discovery algorithms for various types of data dependencies – namely inclusion dependencies, conditional inclusion dependencies, partial functional dependencies, and partial unique column combinations – that considerably improve over state-of-the-art algorithms in terms of efficiency and that scale to datasets that cannot be processed by existing algorithms. [...] | [
"['inf']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Scalable data profiling : distributed discovery and analysis of structural metadata
- Document Abstract: Data profiling is the act of extracting structural metadata from datasets. Structural metadata, such as data dependencies and statistics, can support data management operations, such as data integration and data cleaning. Data management often is the most time-consuming activity in any data-related project. Its support is extremely valuable in our data-driven world, so that more time can be spent on the actual utilization of the data, e. g., building analytical models. In most scenarios, however, structural metadata is not given and must be extracted first. Therefore, efficient data profiling methods are highly desirable. Data profiling is a computationally expensive problem; in fact, most dependency discovery problems entail search spaces that grow exponentially in the number of attributes. To this end, this thesis introduces novel discovery algorithms for various types of data dependencies – namely inclusion dependencies, conditional inclusion dependencies, partial functional dependencies, and partial unique column combinations – that considerably improve over state-of-the-art algorithms in terms of efficiency and that scale to datasets that cannot be processed by existing algorithms. [...]
- Document LIN Search class: ['inf']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A1679163329.jsonld | Bürgermeisterinnen und Bürgermeister in Baden-Württemberg : ein Amt im Umbruch | Experts from politics, the media and science have stated for years that the number of suitable candidates for the position of mayor in the state of Baden-Württemberg has been declining steadily. This volume examines whether this is really the case and what the reasons for the seemingly dwindling attractiveness of this position are. Based on empirical data, an up-to-date stocktaking survey is conducted among mayors and possible mayoral candidates. The study provides a comprehensive overview of the job, revealing mechanisms of selective recruitment and its conditional factors. Its concentration on the aspects mentioned gives this investigation a high degree of relevance for public and academic discussions beyond the debates on the office of mayor in Baden-Württemberg. Vinzenz Huzel studied political science at the University of Augsburg, public management at the HVF in Ludwigsburg and did his doctorate at the TU in Darmstadt. He works for the Friedrich-Ebert-Foundation and is a lecturer at the Universities of Applied Sciences for Administration in Ludwigsburg and Kehl. Fachleute aus Politik, Medien und Wissenschaft konstatieren seit Jahren, dass die Anzahl geeigneter Kandidierender für das Bürgermeisteramt in Baden-Württemberg stetig abnehme. In dieser Monografie wird geprüft ob dies wirklich der Fall ist und was die Gründe für die scheinbar schwindende Attraktivität des Postens sind. Auf Grundlage empirischer Daten wird eine aktuelle Bestandsaufnahme unter den Bürgermeister/innen und Kandidierenden durchgeführt. Die Studie bietet einen umfassenden Überblick über Mechanismen selektiver Rekrutierung und ihrer Bedingungsfaktoren. Dies verleiht der Untersuchung auch jenseits der Debatten um das Bürgermeisteramt in Baden-Württemberg ein hohes Maß an Relevanz für die öffentliche und wissenschaftliche Diskussion. Vinzenz Huzel studierte Politikwissenschaft an der Universität Augsburg, Public Management an der HVF Ludwigsburg und promovierte an der TU Darmstadt. Er arbeitet für die Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung und ist Lehrbeauftragter an den Verwaltungshochschulen in Ludwigsburg und Kehl. | [
"['sow']",
"['his']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Bürgermeisterinnen und Bürgermeister in Baden-Württemberg : ein Amt im Umbruch
- Document Abstract: Experts from politics, the media and science have stated for years that the number of suitable candidates for the position of mayor in the state of Baden-Württemberg has been declining steadily. This volume examines whether this is really the case and what the reasons for the seemingly dwindling attractiveness of this position are. Based on empirical data, an up-to-date stocktaking survey is conducted among mayors and possible mayoral candidates. The study provides a comprehensive overview of the job, revealing mechanisms of selective recruitment and its conditional factors. Its concentration on the aspects mentioned gives this investigation a high degree of relevance for public and academic discussions beyond the debates on the office of mayor in Baden-Württemberg. Vinzenz Huzel studied political science at the University of Augsburg, public management at the HVF in Ludwigsburg and did his doctorate at the TU in Darmstadt. He works for the Friedrich-Ebert-Foundation and is a lecturer at the Universities of Applied Sciences for Administration in Ludwigsburg and Kehl. Fachleute aus Politik, Medien und Wissenschaft konstatieren seit Jahren, dass die Anzahl geeigneter Kandidierender für das Bürgermeisteramt in Baden-Württemberg stetig abnehme. In dieser Monografie wird geprüft ob dies wirklich der Fall ist und was die Gründe für die scheinbar schwindende Attraktivität des Postens sind. Auf Grundlage empirischer Daten wird eine aktuelle Bestandsaufnahme unter den Bürgermeister/innen und Kandidierenden durchgeführt. Die Studie bietet einen umfassenden Überblick über Mechanismen selektiver Rekrutierung und ihrer Bedingungsfaktoren. Dies verleiht der Untersuchung auch jenseits der Debatten um das Bürgermeisteramt in Baden-Württemberg ein hohes Maß an Relevanz für die öffentliche und wissenschaftliche Diskussion. Vinzenz Huzel studierte Politikwissenschaft an der Universität Augsburg, Public Management an der HVF Ludwigsburg und promovierte an der TU Darmstadt. Er arbeitet für die Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung und ist Lehrbeauftragter an den Verwaltungshochschulen in Ludwigsburg und Kehl.
- Document LIN Search class: ['sow'], ['his']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A805359222.jsonld | Multiple object tracking with context awareness | Multiple people tracking, linear programming, social force model. - Kamerabasierte Verfolgung, lineare Programmierung, Sozial- und Gruppenverhalten | [
"['sow']",
"['inf']",
"['mat']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Multiple object tracking with context awareness
- Document Abstract: Multiple people tracking, linear programming, social force model. - Kamerabasierte Verfolgung, lineare Programmierung, Sozial- und Gruppenverhalten
- Document LIN Search class: ['sow'], ['inf'], ['mat']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A1691522775.jsonld | Subordinating modalities : a quantitative analysis of syntactically dependent modal verb constructions | Contents Construction Grammar, Behavioural Profile Analysis -- Hierarchical Configural Frequency Analysis, Correspondence Analysis -- Monofactorial Analyses, Multifactorial Analyses -- Complexity, Schematicity, Productivity, Subjectivity -- Multicollinearity, Generalisability, Replicability. This study is concerned with the use of the English modals (may, might, can, could, shall, should, will, would and must) in adverbial, relative complement clauses. It employs synchronic data from the British National Corpus and quantitative methods to investigate similarities and differences between the core modals, as well as modal-specific preferences in subordinate clauses. The main finding is that modal verbs in subordinate clauses may be conceived of as meso-constructions and that they qualify as micro-constructions once further syntagmatic features are considered. This allows for distinguishing modal verb phrases with different degrees of complexity, schematicity, productivity and subjectivity. Further applications give us insights into collocations, modal harmony, semantic preference, and the attraction of dynamic meaning to relative clauses. Contents Construction Grammar, Behavioural Profile Analysis Hierarchical Configural Frequency Analysis, Correspondence Analysis Monofactorial Analyses, Multifactorial Analyses Complexity, Schematicity, Productivity, Subjectivity Multicollinearity, Generalisability, Replicability Target Groups Academics and students of English Linguistics Corpus linguists The Author Pascal Hohaus worked as a PhD student at University of Hanover (2014–2019). He is currently coordinating the online study programs Business and Media Informatics at Ostfalia University of Applied Sciences (January 2020). | [
"['lin']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Subordinating modalities : a quantitative analysis of syntactically dependent modal verb constructions
- Document Abstract: Contents Construction Grammar, Behavioural Profile Analysis -- Hierarchical Configural Frequency Analysis, Correspondence Analysis -- Monofactorial Analyses, Multifactorial Analyses -- Complexity, Schematicity, Productivity, Subjectivity -- Multicollinearity, Generalisability, Replicability. This study is concerned with the use of the English modals (may, might, can, could, shall, should, will, would and must) in adverbial, relative complement clauses. It employs synchronic data from the British National Corpus and quantitative methods to investigate similarities and differences between the core modals, as well as modal-specific preferences in subordinate clauses. The main finding is that modal verbs in subordinate clauses may be conceived of as meso-constructions and that they qualify as micro-constructions once further syntagmatic features are considered. This allows for distinguishing modal verb phrases with different degrees of complexity, schematicity, productivity and subjectivity. Further applications give us insights into collocations, modal harmony, semantic preference, and the attraction of dynamic meaning to relative clauses. Contents Construction Grammar, Behavioural Profile Analysis Hierarchical Configural Frequency Analysis, Correspondence Analysis Monofactorial Analyses, Multifactorial Analyses Complexity, Schematicity, Productivity, Subjectivity Multicollinearity, Generalisability, Replicability Target Groups Academics and students of English Linguistics Corpus linguists The Author Pascal Hohaus worked as a PhD student at University of Hanover (2014–2019). He is currently coordinating the online study programs Business and Media Informatics at Ostfalia University of Applied Sciences (January 2020).
- Document LIN Search class: ['lin']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A1771797975.jsonld | Zugang zu Sozialleistungen in Taiwan | This dissertation examines the question of whether the non-systematic or non-purpose-related benefit requirements in social law are in accordance with the Constitution in Taiwan. Access to social benefits is opened when the legal requirements are fulfilled. However, not all these requirements are system-related or purpose-oriented. In such cases, access to social benefits may be restricted or even blocked. Such benefit requirements are often found in Taiwanese social law, especially foreigners are involved. In this research, the constitutionality of the social benefit requirements will be examined. Diese Arbeit untersucht die Frage, ob die system- oder zweckfremden Leistungsvoraussetzungen im Sozialrecht mit der Verfassung in Taiwan im Einklang stehen. Der Zugang zu Sozialleistungen ist eröffnet, wenn die gesetzlichen Leistungsvoraussetzungen erfüllt sind. Allerdings sind nicht alle Zugangsvoraussetzungen systembezogen oder zweckorientiert. In solchen Fällen kann der Zugang zu Sozialleistungen eingeschränkt oder gar gesperrt werden. Derartige Leistungsvoraussetzungen sind häufig im taiwanischen Sozialrecht zu finden, insbesondere Ausländer sind davon betroffen. In dieser Arbeit soll die Verfassungsmäßigkeit der Leistungsvoraussetzungen überprüft werden. | [
"['jur']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Zugang zu Sozialleistungen in Taiwan
- Document Abstract: This dissertation examines the question of whether the non-systematic or non-purpose-related benefit requirements in social law are in accordance with the Constitution in Taiwan. Access to social benefits is opened when the legal requirements are fulfilled. However, not all these requirements are system-related or purpose-oriented. In such cases, access to social benefits may be restricted or even blocked. Such benefit requirements are often found in Taiwanese social law, especially foreigners are involved. In this research, the constitutionality of the social benefit requirements will be examined. Diese Arbeit untersucht die Frage, ob die system- oder zweckfremden Leistungsvoraussetzungen im Sozialrecht mit der Verfassung in Taiwan im Einklang stehen. Der Zugang zu Sozialleistungen ist eröffnet, wenn die gesetzlichen Leistungsvoraussetzungen erfüllt sind. Allerdings sind nicht alle Zugangsvoraussetzungen systembezogen oder zweckorientiert. In solchen Fällen kann der Zugang zu Sozialleistungen eingeschränkt oder gar gesperrt werden. Derartige Leistungsvoraussetzungen sind häufig im taiwanischen Sozialrecht zu finden, insbesondere Ausländer sind davon betroffen. In dieser Arbeit soll die Verfassungsmäßigkeit der Leistungsvoraussetzungen überprüft werden.
- Document LIN Search class: ['jur']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A866216480.jsonld | Stammheim : Eine moderne Haftanstalt als Ort der Auseinandersetzung zwischen Staat und RAF | From 1974 to 1977, Stammheim was front stage in the confrontation between the state and the Red Army Faction. The terrorists effectively portrayed their conditions of imprisonment in the media as torture by isolation. Meanwhile, the state granted them privileges while tightening its legal controls. The situation came to a climax in the fall of 1977 when five prominent RAF members killed themselves while confined in Stammheim’s high-security wing. Bei ihrer Eröffnung im Jahr 1963 galt die JVA Stuttgart-Stammheim als "modernste Haftanstalt im Bundesgebiet". Die Menschenwürde der Inhaftierten sollte geachtet werden, fortschrittliche Sicherheitstechnologie jegliche Fluchtversuche verhindern. Von 1974 bis 1977 entwickelte sich Stammheim jedoch zum zentralen Ort der Konfrontation zwischen Staat und Roter Armee Fraktion (RAF), deren Gewalttaten in den Jahren zuvor die Bundesrepublik erschüttert hatten. Die hier inhaftierten Terroristen, namentlich Andreas Baader, Ulrike Meinhof und Gudrun Ensslin, inszenierten die eigenen Haftbedingungen medienwirksam als "Isolationsfolter", während der Staat ihnen weitreichende Privilegien einräumte, zugleich aber die Gesetze verschärfte. Die Situation eskalierte im Herbst 1977, als sich die prominentesten RAF-Mitglieder im "Hochsicherheitstrakt" von Stammheim das Leben nahmen. Sabine Bergstermann untersucht erstmals quellengestützt, wie es dazu kam, dass die Führungsspitze einer terroristischen Organisation aus diesem Gefängnis heraus den "bewaffneten Kampf" fortführen konnte und Stammheim zu einem Symbol für den Konflikt zwischen Staat und Terrorismus in der Bundesrepublik wurde. | [
"['his']",
"['sow']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Stammheim : Eine moderne Haftanstalt als Ort der Auseinandersetzung zwischen Staat und RAF
- Document Abstract: From 1974 to 1977, Stammheim was front stage in the confrontation between the state and the Red Army Faction. The terrorists effectively portrayed their conditions of imprisonment in the media as torture by isolation. Meanwhile, the state granted them privileges while tightening its legal controls. The situation came to a climax in the fall of 1977 when five prominent RAF members killed themselves while confined in Stammheim’s high-security wing. Bei ihrer Eröffnung im Jahr 1963 galt die JVA Stuttgart-Stammheim als "modernste Haftanstalt im Bundesgebiet". Die Menschenwürde der Inhaftierten sollte geachtet werden, fortschrittliche Sicherheitstechnologie jegliche Fluchtversuche verhindern. Von 1974 bis 1977 entwickelte sich Stammheim jedoch zum zentralen Ort der Konfrontation zwischen Staat und Roter Armee Fraktion (RAF), deren Gewalttaten in den Jahren zuvor die Bundesrepublik erschüttert hatten. Die hier inhaftierten Terroristen, namentlich Andreas Baader, Ulrike Meinhof und Gudrun Ensslin, inszenierten die eigenen Haftbedingungen medienwirksam als "Isolationsfolter", während der Staat ihnen weitreichende Privilegien einräumte, zugleich aber die Gesetze verschärfte. Die Situation eskalierte im Herbst 1977, als sich die prominentesten RAF-Mitglieder im "Hochsicherheitstrakt" von Stammheim das Leben nahmen. Sabine Bergstermann untersucht erstmals quellengestützt, wie es dazu kam, dass die Führungsspitze einer terroristischen Organisation aus diesem Gefängnis heraus den "bewaffneten Kampf" fortführen konnte und Stammheim zu einem Symbol für den Konflikt zwischen Staat und Terrorismus in der Bundesrepublik wurde.
- Document LIN Search class: ['his'], ['sow']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A791098273.jsonld | Entwicklung und Optimierung eines Fluoreszenzsensors zum Monitoring von Sauerteigfermentationen | Sauerteigfermentation, Fluoreszenzspektroskopie, Onlineprozessbeobachtung, multivariate Datenauswertung. - Sourdough fermentation, fluorescence spectroscopy, online process monitoring, multivariate data analysis | [
"['hor']",
"['cet']",
"['che']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Entwicklung und Optimierung eines Fluoreszenzsensors zum Monitoring von Sauerteigfermentationen
- Document Abstract: Sauerteigfermentation, Fluoreszenzspektroskopie, Onlineprozessbeobachtung, multivariate Datenauswertung. - Sourdough fermentation, fluorescence spectroscopy, online process monitoring, multivariate data analysis
- Document LIN Search class: ['hor'], ['cet'], ['che']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A1852403926.jsonld | Linguistic knowledge and language use : bridging construction grammar and relevance theory | "Combining insights from two of the most influential approaches in linguistics, Construction Grammar and Relevance Theory, this book furthers our understanding of how meaning comes about. This title is part of the Flip it Open Programme and may also be available Open Access. Check our website Cambridge Core for details"-- | [
"['lin']",
"['lit']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Linguistic knowledge and language use : bridging construction grammar and relevance theory
- Document Abstract: "Combining insights from two of the most influential approaches in linguistics, Construction Grammar and Relevance Theory, this book furthers our understanding of how meaning comes about. This title is part of the Flip it Open Programme and may also be available Open Access. Check our website Cambridge Core for details"--
- Document LIN Search class: ['lin'], ['lit']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A733950361.jsonld | Essays on expectations in financial markets | Individual expectations, financial markets, survey data. - Individuelle Erwartungen, Finanzmärkte, Umfragedaten | [
"['oek']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Essays on expectations in financial markets
- Document Abstract: Individual expectations, financial markets, survey data. - Individuelle Erwartungen, Finanzmärkte, Umfragedaten
- Document LIN Search class: ['oek']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A1727655397.jsonld | 'Protection' in European Union asylum law : international and European law requirements for assessing available protection as a criterion for refugee and subsidiary status | Introduction : why researching the uses of the term 'protection' in EU asylum law -- International protection vs. 'domestic' protection -- Protection against harm -- The internal protection alternative -- Protection in third countries -- Conclusion : what paradigm of protection for EU asylum law? "Asylum law in the European Union is ripe with caveats that allow for rejecting asylum applications due to 'protection' received in the home country or another location. Yet, what does 'protection' mean in this context? And when is it strong enough to make denying an application lawful? Departing from the notion that refugee status is a "surrogate" for lacking protection at home, Julian M. Lehmann investigates the interplay of international law and European Union law on protection against harm by non-state actors, the Internal Protection Alternative, and asylum in third countries en route to the European Union. Lehmann demonstrates how conflating these concepts risks equating international protection with mere safety, which stands in contrast to the very purpose of refugee law"-- | [
"['jur']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: 'Protection' in European Union asylum law : international and European law requirements for assessing available protection as a criterion for refugee and subsidiary status
- Document Abstract: Introduction : why researching the uses of the term 'protection' in EU asylum law -- International protection vs. 'domestic' protection -- Protection against harm -- The internal protection alternative -- Protection in third countries -- Conclusion : what paradigm of protection for EU asylum law? "Asylum law in the European Union is ripe with caveats that allow for rejecting asylum applications due to 'protection' received in the home country or another location. Yet, what does 'protection' mean in this context? And when is it strong enough to make denying an application lawful? Departing from the notion that refugee status is a "surrogate" for lacking protection at home, Julian M. Lehmann investigates the interplay of international law and European Union law on protection against harm by non-state actors, the Internal Protection Alternative, and asylum in third countries en route to the European Union. Lehmann demonstrates how conflating these concepts risks equating international protection with mere safety, which stands in contrast to the very purpose of refugee law"--
- Document LIN Search class: ['jur']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A1757872132.jsonld | Strategische Partnerschaften in der Außenpolitik : die Beziehungen zwischen Russland und Ländern Lateinamerikas im 21. Jahrhundert | Russia returned to Latin America, former President Medvedev said in 2010. The study uses a multidimensional geopolitical approach to examine how this intensification of relations between Russia and three Latin American countries, Ecuador, Cuba and Brazil, came about. Based on findings from practical politics and academic work, the author provides a definition of the hitherto vague concept of 'strategic partnership' and traces the development of these partnerships in the period 1992-2017 using a process-oriented method. Russland sei nach Lateinamerika zurückgekehrt, stellte der damalige Präsident Medwedew 2010 fest. Wie diese Intensivierung der Beziehungen zwischen Russland und drei Ländern Lateinamerikas – Ecuador, Kuba und Brasilien – zustande kam, untersucht die Studie anhand eines multidimensionalen geopolitischen Ansatzes. Basierend auf Erkenntnissen aus der praktischen Politik und akademischen Arbeiten liefert die Autorin eine Definition für das bis dato vage Konzept ‚strategische Partnerschaft‘ und zeichnet mithilfe einer prozessorientierten Methode die Entwicklung dieser Partnerschaften im Zeitraum 1992-2017 nach. | [
"['sow']",
"['his']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Strategische Partnerschaften in der Außenpolitik : die Beziehungen zwischen Russland und Ländern Lateinamerikas im 21. Jahrhundert
- Document Abstract: Russia returned to Latin America, former President Medvedev said in 2010. The study uses a multidimensional geopolitical approach to examine how this intensification of relations between Russia and three Latin American countries, Ecuador, Cuba and Brazil, came about. Based on findings from practical politics and academic work, the author provides a definition of the hitherto vague concept of 'strategic partnership' and traces the development of these partnerships in the period 1992-2017 using a process-oriented method. Russland sei nach Lateinamerika zurückgekehrt, stellte der damalige Präsident Medwedew 2010 fest. Wie diese Intensivierung der Beziehungen zwischen Russland und drei Ländern Lateinamerikas – Ecuador, Kuba und Brasilien – zustande kam, untersucht die Studie anhand eines multidimensionalen geopolitischen Ansatzes. Basierend auf Erkenntnissen aus der praktischen Politik und akademischen Arbeiten liefert die Autorin eine Definition für das bis dato vage Konzept ‚strategische Partnerschaft‘ und zeichnet mithilfe einer prozessorientierten Methode die Entwicklung dieser Partnerschaften im Zeitraum 1992-2017 nach.
- Document LIN Search class: ['sow'], ['his']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A661279294.jsonld | Der Atomkrieg vor der Wohnungstür : eine Politikgeschichte der neuen Friedensbewegung in der Bundesrepublik 1970 - 1985 | A history of the peace movement in the Federal Republic of Germany from 1970 through 1985, and how it led to the political culture of today | [
"['sow']",
"['his']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Der Atomkrieg vor der Wohnungstür : eine Politikgeschichte der neuen Friedensbewegung in der Bundesrepublik 1970 - 1985
- Document Abstract: A history of the peace movement in the Federal Republic of Germany from 1970 through 1985, and how it led to the political culture of today
- Document LIN Search class: ['sow'], ['his']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A1666650145.jsonld | Drone-based assessments of crowns, canopy cover and land use types in and around an oil palm agroforestry experiment | Oil palm cultivation has vastly expanded in the last decades and led to high economic returns, but has also induced environmental problems including reduced biological diversity and impaired ecosystem services. One potential way of reconciling economic and ecological needs would be to foster oil-palm agroforests by planting native tree species with the objective to enhance biodiversity and ecosystem services. In Sumatra, Indonesia, such an oil palm agroforestry experiment was established and a series of studies evaluated tree performance, oil palm yields and biodiversity changes. In this co... | [
"['hor']",
"['oek']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Drone-based assessments of crowns, canopy cover and land use types in and around an oil palm agroforestry experiment
- Document Abstract: Oil palm cultivation has vastly expanded in the last decades and led to high economic returns, but has also induced environmental problems including reduced biological diversity and impaired ecosystem services. One potential way of reconciling economic and ecological needs would be to foster oil-palm agroforests by planting native tree species with the objective to enhance biodiversity and ecosystem services. In Sumatra, Indonesia, such an oil palm agroforestry experiment was established and a series of studies evaluated tree performance, oil palm yields and biodiversity changes. In this co...
- Document LIN Search class: ['hor'], ['oek']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A1663520119.jsonld | Plastidäre Vorläuferproteine im Cytosol : Import vs. Degradation | Plastid; import; plastid preprotein; proteasome; N-terminal acetylation; proteasome inhibitor MG132; plastid protein import mutant 2 (ppi2); regulatory non ATPase subunit 8A (Rpn8A); suppressor of ppi1 (Sp1) The majority of Arabidopsis thaliana plastid proteins is nuclear encoded and has to be synthesized in the cytosol as preproteins. Plastid preproteins are modified in the cytosol and subject to quality control prior to their organellar translocation. We show here that the second amino acid of plastid preproteins determines N-terminal modifications and influences import efficiency or stability in transiently transformed protoplasts. Further inhibition of the 26S proteasome leads to accumulation of preproteins, supporting a connection between the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) and preprotein degradation. The mutation of the regulatory proteasome subunit Rpn8A in the plastid protein import mutant 2 (ppi2) background leads to partial rescue of the ppi2 plastid phenotype. A proteome-wide comparison of ppi2 with the rpn8a ppi2 double mutant showed among other things increased abundance of photosynthetic proteins. These results refer to regulatory effects of the proteasome on the plastid biogenesis. In this process preprotein stability in the cytosol and adaption to stress could play a leading role. In Arabidopsis thaliana ist der Großteil plastidärer Proteine im Zellkern kodiert und wird im Cytosol als Vorläuferproteine synthetisiert. Hier unterliegen Vorläuferproteine Modifikationen und Regulationen, die weitestgehend unbekannt sind. In dieser Arbeit konnte gezeigt werden, dass die zweite Aminosäure von Vorläuferproteinen über die Art der N-terminalen Modifikationen bestimmt und Einfluss auf die Importeffizienz oder Stabilität in transient transformierten Protoplasten hat. Des Weiteren führte die Inhibierung des 26S Proteasoms zur Akkumulation von Vorläuferproteinen, was eine Verknüpfung des Ubiquitin-Proteasom-Systems (UPS) und der Degradation von Vorläuferproteinen bestärkte. Die Mutation der regulatorischen Proteasom-Untereinheit Rpn8A in Kombination mit einem Importdefekt in der Doppelmutante rpn8a ppi2 zeigte eine partielle Komplementation des Plastidenphänotyps von ppi2. Proteomanalysen zeigten unter anderem erhöhte Mengen an Proteinen der Photosynthese. Die Ergebnisse wiesen auf einen regulatorischen Effekt des Proteasoms auf die Plastidenbiogenese hin. Die Stabilisierung von Vorläuferproteinen im Cytosol sowie die Anpassung an Stress könnten dabei von Bedeutung sein. Plastid; Import; Plastidäre Vorläuferproteine; Proteasom; N-terminale Acetylierung; Proteasom-Inhibitor MG132; plastid protein import mutant 2 (ppi2); regulatory non ATPase subunit 8A (Rpn8A); suppressor of ppi1 (Sp1) | [
"['bio']",
"['hor']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Plastidäre Vorläuferproteine im Cytosol : Import vs. Degradation
- Document Abstract: Plastid; import; plastid preprotein; proteasome; N-terminal acetylation; proteasome inhibitor MG132; plastid protein import mutant 2 (ppi2); regulatory non ATPase subunit 8A (Rpn8A); suppressor of ppi1 (Sp1) The majority of Arabidopsis thaliana plastid proteins is nuclear encoded and has to be synthesized in the cytosol as preproteins. Plastid preproteins are modified in the cytosol and subject to quality control prior to their organellar translocation. We show here that the second amino acid of plastid preproteins determines N-terminal modifications and influences import efficiency or stability in transiently transformed protoplasts. Further inhibition of the 26S proteasome leads to accumulation of preproteins, supporting a connection between the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) and preprotein degradation. The mutation of the regulatory proteasome subunit Rpn8A in the plastid protein import mutant 2 (ppi2) background leads to partial rescue of the ppi2 plastid phenotype. A proteome-wide comparison of ppi2 with the rpn8a ppi2 double mutant showed among other things increased abundance of photosynthetic proteins. These results refer to regulatory effects of the proteasome on the plastid biogenesis. In this process preprotein stability in the cytosol and adaption to stress could play a leading role. In Arabidopsis thaliana ist der Großteil plastidärer Proteine im Zellkern kodiert und wird im Cytosol als Vorläuferproteine synthetisiert. Hier unterliegen Vorläuferproteine Modifikationen und Regulationen, die weitestgehend unbekannt sind. In dieser Arbeit konnte gezeigt werden, dass die zweite Aminosäure von Vorläuferproteinen über die Art der N-terminalen Modifikationen bestimmt und Einfluss auf die Importeffizienz oder Stabilität in transient transformierten Protoplasten hat. Des Weiteren führte die Inhibierung des 26S Proteasoms zur Akkumulation von Vorläuferproteinen, was eine Verknüpfung des Ubiquitin-Proteasom-Systems (UPS) und der Degradation von Vorläuferproteinen bestärkte. Die Mutation der regulatorischen Proteasom-Untereinheit Rpn8A in Kombination mit einem Importdefekt in der Doppelmutante rpn8a ppi2 zeigte eine partielle Komplementation des Plastidenphänotyps von ppi2. Proteomanalysen zeigten unter anderem erhöhte Mengen an Proteinen der Photosynthese. Die Ergebnisse wiesen auf einen regulatorischen Effekt des Proteasoms auf die Plastidenbiogenese hin. Die Stabilisierung von Vorläuferproteinen im Cytosol sowie die Anpassung an Stress könnten dabei von Bedeutung sein. Plastid; Import; Plastidäre Vorläuferproteine; Proteasom; N-terminale Acetylierung; Proteasom-Inhibitor MG132; plastid protein import mutant 2 (ppi2); regulatory non ATPase subunit 8A (Rpn8A); suppressor of ppi1 (Sp1)
- Document LIN Search class: ['bio'], ['hor']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A665319371.jsonld | Finite elements/ boundary elements for electromagnetic interface problems, especially the skin effect | Skin effect, scalar and electromagnetic transmission problems, asymptotic expansion, non-conforming FEM/BEM coupling. - Skin-Effekt, skalare und elektromagnetische Übertragungsprobleme, asymptotische Entwicklung, nicht-konforme FEM/BEM Kopplung | [
"['mat']",
"['elt']",
"['phy']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Finite elements/ boundary elements for electromagnetic interface problems, especially the skin effect
- Document Abstract: Skin effect, scalar and electromagnetic transmission problems, asymptotic expansion, non-conforming FEM/BEM coupling. - Skin-Effekt, skalare und elektromagnetische Übertragungsprobleme, asymptotische Entwicklung, nicht-konforme FEM/BEM Kopplung
- Document LIN Search class: ['mat'], ['elt'], ['phy']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A624967441.jsonld | Die Sfp-4'-Phosphopantetheinyltransferase CgPPT1 des Maispathogens Colletotrichum graminicola (Ces.) Wilson aktiviert Pathogenitätsfaktoren | Colletotrichum graminicola; Mais; Phosphopantetheinyltransferase; Virulenz; Polyketid; nichtribosomale Peptide; Appressorium Sfp-Typ 4‘-Phosphopantetheinyltransferasen (PPTasen) aktivieren in filamentösen Pilzen Polyketidsynthasen (PKS), nichtribosomale Peptidsynthasen (NRPS) und die α-amino-Adipatreduktase. PPTase-defiziente Mutanten (∆Cgppt1) des Maispathogens Colletotrichum graminicola wurden erzeugt und phänotypisch charakterisiert. ∆Cgppt1-Isolate waren auxotroph für Lysin, hypersensitiv gegenüber reaktiven Sauerstoffspezies und nicht in der Lage, auf Medien mit komplexierten Eisenionen zu wachsen bzw. Siderophore oder Polyketide zu synthetisieren. In differentiellen Metabolitanalysen von Wildtyp und ∆Cgppt1 konnten neben zehn bekannten Metaboliten fünf bisher unbe-kannte Polyketide isoliert und strukturell charakterisiert werden. Untersuchungen zum Infektionsverlauf zeigten, dass die in geringer Anzahl gebildeten ∆Cgppt1-Appressorien auf intakten Mais- und Zwiebelepidermen lysierten, während verletzte Maisblätter symptomlos besiedelt wurden, ohne dass es dabei zur Entstehung von Konidien kam. Colletotrichum graminicola; maize; phosphopantetheinyl transferase; virulence; polyketide; nonribosomal peptide; appressorium | [
"['hor']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Die Sfp-4'-Phosphopantetheinyltransferase CgPPT1 des Maispathogens Colletotrichum graminicola (Ces.) Wilson aktiviert Pathogenitätsfaktoren
- Document Abstract: Colletotrichum graminicola; Mais; Phosphopantetheinyltransferase; Virulenz; Polyketid; nichtribosomale Peptide; Appressorium Sfp-Typ 4‘-Phosphopantetheinyltransferasen (PPTasen) aktivieren in filamentösen Pilzen Polyketidsynthasen (PKS), nichtribosomale Peptidsynthasen (NRPS) und die α-amino-Adipatreduktase. PPTase-defiziente Mutanten (∆Cgppt1) des Maispathogens Colletotrichum graminicola wurden erzeugt und phänotypisch charakterisiert. ∆Cgppt1-Isolate waren auxotroph für Lysin, hypersensitiv gegenüber reaktiven Sauerstoffspezies und nicht in der Lage, auf Medien mit komplexierten Eisenionen zu wachsen bzw. Siderophore oder Polyketide zu synthetisieren. In differentiellen Metabolitanalysen von Wildtyp und ∆Cgppt1 konnten neben zehn bekannten Metaboliten fünf bisher unbe-kannte Polyketide isoliert und strukturell charakterisiert werden. Untersuchungen zum Infektionsverlauf zeigten, dass die in geringer Anzahl gebildeten ∆Cgppt1-Appressorien auf intakten Mais- und Zwiebelepidermen lysierten, während verletzte Maisblätter symptomlos besiedelt wurden, ohne dass es dabei zur Entstehung von Konidien kam. Colletotrichum graminicola; maize; phosphopantetheinyl transferase; virulence; polyketide; nonribosomal peptide; appressorium
- Document LIN Search class: ['hor']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A1653028432.jsonld | Hadronic Transport Coefficients from Effective Field Theories | This dissertation focuses on the calculation of transport coefficients in the matter created in a relativistic heavy-ion collision after chemical freeze-out. This matter can be well approximated using a pion gas out of equilibrium. We describe the theoretical framework needed to obtain the shear and bulk viscosities, the thermal and electrical conductivities and the flavor diffusion coefficients of a meson gas at low temperatures. To describe the interactions of the degrees of freedom, we use effective field theories with chiral and heavy quark symmetries. We subsequently introduce the unitarization methods in order to obtain a scattering amplitude that satisfies the unitarity condition exactly, then go on to calculate the transport properties of the low-temperature phase of quantum chromodynamics - the hadronic medium - which can be used in hydrodynamic simulations of a relativistic heavy-ion collision and its subsequent evolution. We show that the shear viscosity over entropy density exhibits a minimum in a phase transition by studying this coefficient in atomic Argon (around the liquid-gas phase transition) and in the linear sigma model in the limit of a large number of scalar fields (which presents a chiral phase transition). Finally, we provide an experimental method for estimating the bulk viscosity in relativistic heavy-ion collisions by performing correlations of the fluctuating components of the stress-energy tensor | [
"['phy']",
"['che']",
"['mat']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Hadronic Transport Coefficients from Effective Field Theories
- Document Abstract: This dissertation focuses on the calculation of transport coefficients in the matter created in a relativistic heavy-ion collision after chemical freeze-out. This matter can be well approximated using a pion gas out of equilibrium. We describe the theoretical framework needed to obtain the shear and bulk viscosities, the thermal and electrical conductivities and the flavor diffusion coefficients of a meson gas at low temperatures. To describe the interactions of the degrees of freedom, we use effective field theories with chiral and heavy quark symmetries. We subsequently introduce the unitarization methods in order to obtain a scattering amplitude that satisfies the unitarity condition exactly, then go on to calculate the transport properties of the low-temperature phase of quantum chromodynamics - the hadronic medium - which can be used in hydrodynamic simulations of a relativistic heavy-ion collision and its subsequent evolution. We show that the shear viscosity over entropy density exhibits a minimum in a phase transition by studying this coefficient in atomic Argon (around the liquid-gas phase transition) and in the linear sigma model in the limit of a large number of scalar fields (which presents a chiral phase transition). Finally, we provide an experimental method for estimating the bulk viscosity in relativistic heavy-ion collisions by performing correlations of the fluctuating components of the stress-energy tensor
- Document LIN Search class: ['phy'], ['che'], ['mat']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A894170600.jsonld | Die Besteuerung von Wandelschuldverschreibungen im deutschen und niederländischen Steuerrecht | Analysis of tax treatment of subscription fees in the course of issuance of convertible and option bonds in consideration of two decisions of the BFH (I R 3/04, I R 26/04) and examination of the criteria used by BFH to distinguish between debt and equity, followed by a law comparison with Dutch tax law.The decisions ended a longstanding dispute, whether the fees should be treated as equity or other operating profit. Following trade law (§ 272 Abs. 2 Nr. 4 HGB) the BFH favours the solution to treat the fees always as equity, regardless whether the option/conversion rights are exercised.However, unlike in trade law, these decisions don’t reach a final resolution of the tax law dispute. The introduction of the correspondence principal raises further questions. Furthermore the reasoning in the decsisions leaves room for speculation, whether other instruments should be treatet as equity as well.Option and convertible bonds won’t stop to be full of suspense. Steuerliche Untersuchung von Ausgabeaufgeldern bei Wandelschuldverschreibungen anlässlich zweier BFH-Urteile (I R 3/04, I R 26/04) sowie Analyse der vom BFH verwendeten Kriterien zur Unterscheidung zwischen Eigen- und Fremdkapital und anschließendem Rechtsvergleich mit dem niederländischen Steuerrecht. Die Urteile beenden den lange geführten Streit, ob das Aufgeld stets Eigenkapital oder betrieblicher Gewinn ist. Dem Handelsrecht folgend (§ 272 Abs. 2 Nr. 4 HGB) ist das Aufgeld nach Ansicht des BFH steuerlich ebenfalls stets Eigenkapital, unabhängig von der Ausübung der Wandel-/Optionsrechte. Anders als im Handelsrecht - führen die Urteile nicht zu einer endgültigen Klärung. Die Einführung des Korrespondenzprinzips wirft Fragen hinsichtlich der steuerlichen Behandlung des Investors auf. Die Begründung der Urteile lässt zudem offen, ob auch andere Instrumente als Eigenkapital einzuordnen sind. Wandelschuldverschreibungen dürfen daher weiterhin mit Spannung verfolgt werden. | [
"['jur']",
"['oek']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Die Besteuerung von Wandelschuldverschreibungen im deutschen und niederländischen Steuerrecht
- Document Abstract: Analysis of tax treatment of subscription fees in the course of issuance of convertible and option bonds in consideration of two decisions of the BFH (I R 3/04, I R 26/04) and examination of the criteria used by BFH to distinguish between debt and equity, followed by a law comparison with Dutch tax law.The decisions ended a longstanding dispute, whether the fees should be treated as equity or other operating profit. Following trade law (§ 272 Abs. 2 Nr. 4 HGB) the BFH favours the solution to treat the fees always as equity, regardless whether the option/conversion rights are exercised.However, unlike in trade law, these decisions don’t reach a final resolution of the tax law dispute. The introduction of the correspondence principal raises further questions. Furthermore the reasoning in the decsisions leaves room for speculation, whether other instruments should be treatet as equity as well.Option and convertible bonds won’t stop to be full of suspense. Steuerliche Untersuchung von Ausgabeaufgeldern bei Wandelschuldverschreibungen anlässlich zweier BFH-Urteile (I R 3/04, I R 26/04) sowie Analyse der vom BFH verwendeten Kriterien zur Unterscheidung zwischen Eigen- und Fremdkapital und anschließendem Rechtsvergleich mit dem niederländischen Steuerrecht. Die Urteile beenden den lange geführten Streit, ob das Aufgeld stets Eigenkapital oder betrieblicher Gewinn ist. Dem Handelsrecht folgend (§ 272 Abs. 2 Nr. 4 HGB) ist das Aufgeld nach Ansicht des BFH steuerlich ebenfalls stets Eigenkapital, unabhängig von der Ausübung der Wandel-/Optionsrechte. Anders als im Handelsrecht - führen die Urteile nicht zu einer endgültigen Klärung. Die Einführung des Korrespondenzprinzips wirft Fragen hinsichtlich der steuerlichen Behandlung des Investors auf. Die Begründung der Urteile lässt zudem offen, ob auch andere Instrumente als Eigenkapital einzuordnen sind. Wandelschuldverschreibungen dürfen daher weiterhin mit Spannung verfolgt werden.
- Document LIN Search class: ['jur'], ['oek']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A1694129144.jsonld | EU und ASEAN : Weltregionen mit sozialem Profil | World regions can be understood as a stage between national and global social policy as new places for generating social security. In this study, this thesis is analysed empirically and innovatively in terms of concept from a sociological point of view. Based on the triangulation of various theoretical approaches, it develops a theory of humane world regions, raising the social profile of the EU and ASEAN to an unprecedented level. It presents the social objectives, social sector and social regulation of each world region from a longitudinal perspective (EU: 1952 to 2010; ASEAN: 1980 to 2010). The foundations of its data are based on world regional legal acts (n = 1620), contracts and annual reports, which are evaluated qualitatively and analytically. The EU is a world region with a binding social profile, while ASEAN has established a non-binding social profile. Weltregionale Staatenverbünde können als Zwischenstufe zwischen nationaler und globaler Sozialpolitik, als neue Orte für die Generierung sozialer Sicherheit verstanden werden. Wissenssoziologisch wird diese These empirisch wie konzeptionell innovativ sowie differenziert und breit analysiert. Anhand der Triangulation verschiedener theoretischer Erklärungsansätze wird eine Theorie sozialer Weltregionen entwickelt. Empirisch fächert die Arbeit das soziale Profil der EU und der ASEAN in einem bisher noch nicht dagewesenen Ausmaß auf. Es werden die sozialen Ziele, der Sozialsektor und die soziale Steuerung der Weltregionen umfassend im Längsschnitt (EU: 1952 bis 2010; ASEAN: 1980 bis 2010) herausgearbeitet. Die Datengrundlage stützt sich auf weltregionale Rechtsakte (n = 1620), Verträge und Jahresberichte, die qualitativ-inhaltsanalytisch ausgewertet werden. Die EU ist eine Weltregion mit einem verbindlichen sozialen Profil. Die ASEAN hat bisher ein unverbindliches soziales Profil etabliert. | [
"['sow']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: EU und ASEAN : Weltregionen mit sozialem Profil
- Document Abstract: World regions can be understood as a stage between national and global social policy as new places for generating social security. In this study, this thesis is analysed empirically and innovatively in terms of concept from a sociological point of view. Based on the triangulation of various theoretical approaches, it develops a theory of humane world regions, raising the social profile of the EU and ASEAN to an unprecedented level. It presents the social objectives, social sector and social regulation of each world region from a longitudinal perspective (EU: 1952 to 2010; ASEAN: 1980 to 2010). The foundations of its data are based on world regional legal acts (n = 1620), contracts and annual reports, which are evaluated qualitatively and analytically. The EU is a world region with a binding social profile, while ASEAN has established a non-binding social profile. Weltregionale Staatenverbünde können als Zwischenstufe zwischen nationaler und globaler Sozialpolitik, als neue Orte für die Generierung sozialer Sicherheit verstanden werden. Wissenssoziologisch wird diese These empirisch wie konzeptionell innovativ sowie differenziert und breit analysiert. Anhand der Triangulation verschiedener theoretischer Erklärungsansätze wird eine Theorie sozialer Weltregionen entwickelt. Empirisch fächert die Arbeit das soziale Profil der EU und der ASEAN in einem bisher noch nicht dagewesenen Ausmaß auf. Es werden die sozialen Ziele, der Sozialsektor und die soziale Steuerung der Weltregionen umfassend im Längsschnitt (EU: 1952 bis 2010; ASEAN: 1980 bis 2010) herausgearbeitet. Die Datengrundlage stützt sich auf weltregionale Rechtsakte (n = 1620), Verträge und Jahresberichte, die qualitativ-inhaltsanalytisch ausgewertet werden. Die EU ist eine Weltregion mit einem verbindlichen sozialen Profil. Die ASEAN hat bisher ein unverbindliches soziales Profil etabliert.
- Document LIN Search class: ['sow']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A1698143850.jsonld | Medieval saints and modern screens : divine visions as cinematic experience | The thirteenth-century Latin hagiographic works known as the "Holy Women of Liège" corpus presents biographies filled with dramatic visions of God and intense physical unions with Christ. The texts that make up the collection demonstrate the problematic division of body and soul in the period and also reveal the potential of text to transmit visual experiences. This book explores those qualities of the texts using the latest developments in film theory, taking up such topics as the relationship of film to mortality, embodied spectatorship, celebrity studies, and digital environments | [
"['lit']",
"['rel']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Medieval saints and modern screens : divine visions as cinematic experience
- Document Abstract: The thirteenth-century Latin hagiographic works known as the "Holy Women of Liège" corpus presents biographies filled with dramatic visions of God and intense physical unions with Christ. The texts that make up the collection demonstrate the problematic division of body and soul in the period and also reveal the potential of text to transmit visual experiences. This book explores those qualities of the texts using the latest developments in film theory, taking up such topics as the relationship of film to mortality, embodied spectatorship, celebrity studies, and digital environments
- Document LIN Search class: ['lit'], ['rel']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A1769714731.jsonld | Three essays on empirical asset pricing in international equity markets | In this Open-Access-book three essays on empirical asset pricing in international equity markets are presented. Despite being of fundamental economic and scientific importance, international financial markets have remained considerably underresearched until today. In the first essay, the role of firm-specific characteristics is analyzed for the momentum effect to exist in international equity markets. The second essay investigates the validity, persistence, and robustness of the newly discovered capital share growth factor across international equity markets as proposed by Lettau et al. (2019) for the U.S. market. Lastly, the third and final essay studies stock market reactions of European vendor banks to distressed loan sale announcements. About the author Birgit Charlotte Müller pursued her PhD from the Technical University of Darmstadt at the Chair of Corporate Finance. While pursuing her PhD, she additionally worked as a research associate at the Technical University of Munich and the German Graduate School of Management and Law. Additionally, she worked as a lecturer in Mathematics at the Heilbronn University of Applied Sciences. General Introduction -- Cross-Country Composite -- Capital Share Risk in International Asset Pricing -- The Pricing of European Non-Performing Real Estate Loan Portfolios -- Concluding Remarks. | [
"['oek']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Three essays on empirical asset pricing in international equity markets
- Document Abstract: In this Open-Access-book three essays on empirical asset pricing in international equity markets are presented. Despite being of fundamental economic and scientific importance, international financial markets have remained considerably underresearched until today. In the first essay, the role of firm-specific characteristics is analyzed for the momentum effect to exist in international equity markets. The second essay investigates the validity, persistence, and robustness of the newly discovered capital share growth factor across international equity markets as proposed by Lettau et al. (2019) for the U.S. market. Lastly, the third and final essay studies stock market reactions of European vendor banks to distressed loan sale announcements. About the author Birgit Charlotte Müller pursued her PhD from the Technical University of Darmstadt at the Chair of Corporate Finance. While pursuing her PhD, she additionally worked as a research associate at the Technical University of Munich and the German Graduate School of Management and Law. Additionally, she worked as a lecturer in Mathematics at the Heilbronn University of Applied Sciences. General Introduction -- Cross-Country Composite -- Capital Share Risk in International Asset Pricing -- The Pricing of European Non-Performing Real Estate Loan Portfolios -- Concluding Remarks.
- Document LIN Search class: ['oek']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A1774349183.jsonld | Ein anderes Gericht in Oberschlesien : Sondergericht Kattowitz 1939-1945 | The Special Court in Katowice was a German criminal court set up after the attack on Poland in 1939 that operated until January 1945. The annexation of Upper Silesia by the Third Reich and the introduction of the German People's List saw the court deal with criminal, economic and political offences under the Nazi regime's wartime criminal law. Konrad Graczyk scrutinises all areas of the court's activities, basing his research on German and Polish archive material. | [
"['jur']",
"['his']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Ein anderes Gericht in Oberschlesien : Sondergericht Kattowitz 1939-1945
- Document Abstract: The Special Court in Katowice was a German criminal court set up after the attack on Poland in 1939 that operated until January 1945. The annexation of Upper Silesia by the Third Reich and the introduction of the German People's List saw the court deal with criminal, economic and political offences under the Nazi regime's wartime criminal law. Konrad Graczyk scrutinises all areas of the court's activities, basing his research on German and Polish archive material.
- Document LIN Search class: ['jur'], ['his']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A644443235.jsonld | Nonlinear approximation and function space of dominating mixed smoothness | As the main object of this thesis we study a generalization of function spaces with dominating smoothness. The basic idea for this generalization is based on a splitting of the d variables into N groups of possibly varying length. In this way the usual spaces of dominating mixed smoothness as well as the classical isotropic spaces occur as special cases (for d groups of length one each or for 1 group of length d, respectively). More precisely, we will study first Sobolev-type spaces, and afterwards Besov- and Triebel-Lizorkin-type spaces are introduced. For these spaces several basic properties such as Fourier multipliers and duality are discussed. As the main tool for further studies characterizations by local means are proved. The main result of the first part of the thesis consists in a characterization by tensor product Daubechies wavelets. One immediate corollary of this characterization is the identification of certain Besov spaces of dominating mixed smoothness as tensor products of isotropic ones, establishing a connection to many recent discussions in high-dimensional approximation. | [
"['mat']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Nonlinear approximation and function space of dominating mixed smoothness
- Document Abstract: As the main object of this thesis we study a generalization of function spaces with dominating smoothness. The basic idea for this generalization is based on a splitting of the d variables into N groups of possibly varying length. In this way the usual spaces of dominating mixed smoothness as well as the classical isotropic spaces occur as special cases (for d groups of length one each or for 1 group of length d, respectively). More precisely, we will study first Sobolev-type spaces, and afterwards Besov- and Triebel-Lizorkin-type spaces are introduced. For these spaces several basic properties such as Fourier multipliers and duality are discussed. As the main tool for further studies characterizations by local means are proved. The main result of the first part of the thesis consists in a characterization by tensor product Daubechies wavelets. One immediate corollary of this characterization is the identification of certain Besov spaces of dominating mixed smoothness as tensor products of isotropic ones, establishing a connection to many recent discussions in high-dimensional approximation.
- Document LIN Search class: ['mat']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A1654868469.jsonld | Higgs Properties at the LHC : Implications for the Standard Model and for Cosmology | This thesis studies the properties of the Higgs particle, discovered at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) in 2012, in order to elucidate its role in electroweak symmetry breaking and cosmological phase transition in the early universe. It shows that a generic spin-2 Higgs impostor is excluded by the precision measurements of electroweak observables and perturbative unitarity considerations. It obtains LHC constraints on anomalous CP-violating Higgs-Top Yukawa couplings and examines the prospects of their measurement in future experiments. Lastly, it discusses in detail the electroweak phase transition and generation of cosmological matter–antimatter asymmetry in the universe with anomalous Higgs couplings. Introduction—Realisation of the EW Symmetry in the SM -- Spin Determination of the LHC Higgs-like Resonance -- Probing CP-violating Top-Yukawa Couplings at the LHC -- Electroweak Phase Transition and Baryogenesis -- Conclusions. | [
"['phy']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Higgs Properties at the LHC : Implications for the Standard Model and for Cosmology
- Document Abstract: This thesis studies the properties of the Higgs particle, discovered at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) in 2012, in order to elucidate its role in electroweak symmetry breaking and cosmological phase transition in the early universe. It shows that a generic spin-2 Higgs impostor is excluded by the precision measurements of electroweak observables and perturbative unitarity considerations. It obtains LHC constraints on anomalous CP-violating Higgs-Top Yukawa couplings and examines the prospects of their measurement in future experiments. Lastly, it discusses in detail the electroweak phase transition and generation of cosmological matter–antimatter asymmetry in the universe with anomalous Higgs couplings. Introduction—Realisation of the EW Symmetry in the SM -- Spin Determination of the LHC Higgs-like Resonance -- Probing CP-violating Top-Yukawa Couplings at the LHC -- Electroweak Phase Transition and Baryogenesis -- Conclusions.
- Document LIN Search class: ['phy']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A80291974X.jsonld | Ein Framework zur automatisierten Speedup-Vorhersage und Parallelisierung populationsbasierter Algorithmen | Multi-Core, GPGPU, automatisierte Parallelisierung, Optimierung, genetische Algorithmen, particle swarm optimization, Speedup-Vorhersage, Software-Hardware-Mapping. - Automated parallelization, optimization, genetic algorithms, speedup estimation | [
"['inf']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Ein Framework zur automatisierten Speedup-Vorhersage und Parallelisierung populationsbasierter Algorithmen
- Document Abstract: Multi-Core, GPGPU, automatisierte Parallelisierung, Optimierung, genetische Algorithmen, particle swarm optimization, Speedup-Vorhersage, Software-Hardware-Mapping. - Automated parallelization, optimization, genetic algorithms, speedup estimation
- Document LIN Search class: ['inf']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A180751787X.jsonld | Investigation of the stress tolerance regulatory network integration of the NAC transcription factor JUNGBRUNNEN1 (JUB1) | The NAC transcription factor (TF) JUNGBRUNNEN1 (JUB1) is an important negative regulator of plant senescence, as well as of gibberellic acid (GA) and brassinosteroid (BR) biosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. Overexpression of JUB1 promotes longevity and enhances tolerance to drought and other abiotic stresses. A similar role of JUB1 has been observed in other plant species, including tomato and banana. Our data show that JUB1 overexpressors (JUB1-OXs) accumulate higher levels of proline than WT plants under control conditions, during the onset of drought stress, and thereafter. We identified that overexpression of JUB1 induces key proline biosynthesis and suppresses key proline degradation genes. Furthermore, bZIP63, the transcription factor involved in proline metabolism, was identified as a novel downstream target of JUB1 by Yeast One-Hybrid (Y1H) analysis and Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP). However, based on Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay (EMSA), direct binding of JUB1 to bZIP63 could not be confirmed. Our data ... | [
"['bio']",
"['hor']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Investigation of the stress tolerance regulatory network integration of the NAC transcription factor JUNGBRUNNEN1 (JUB1)
- Document Abstract: The NAC transcription factor (TF) JUNGBRUNNEN1 (JUB1) is an important negative regulator of plant senescence, as well as of gibberellic acid (GA) and brassinosteroid (BR) biosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. Overexpression of JUB1 promotes longevity and enhances tolerance to drought and other abiotic stresses. A similar role of JUB1 has been observed in other plant species, including tomato and banana. Our data show that JUB1 overexpressors (JUB1-OXs) accumulate higher levels of proline than WT plants under control conditions, during the onset of drought stress, and thereafter. We identified that overexpression of JUB1 induces key proline biosynthesis and suppresses key proline degradation genes. Furthermore, bZIP63, the transcription factor involved in proline metabolism, was identified as a novel downstream target of JUB1 by Yeast One-Hybrid (Y1H) analysis and Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP). However, based on Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay (EMSA), direct binding of JUB1 to bZIP63 could not be confirmed. Our data ...
- Document LIN Search class: ['bio'], ['hor']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A1692436953.jsonld | Dignity and empowerment : humanitarian theory and practice in the light of cosmopolitan justice | This book provides an insightful view in the philosophical foundation of one the most crucial global practices, namely humanitarian action, in view of current developments in international ethics. Indeed, in a globalized world, the suffering of many people has become more tangible than ever, and therefore also a philosophical and global political puzzle. Since the first phases of the globalization, which include the founding of the Red Cross, humanitarian action in the form of various assistance and support services, emerged as a cross-border concern. After the Second World War, humanitarian actors have significantly expanded their activities and also increased in size. Along with the emergence of this humanitarian practice, an evolving humanitarian theory has emerged which intended to provide the foundations for this commitment and to determine its principles. From a philosophical point of view, it is crucial to investigate which forms of ethical foundations and normative goals underlie this development and how, in view of various philosophical traditions, these developments are to be interpreted. Dieses Buch entwickelt ein umfassendes Konzept zur humanitären Theorie und Praxis, welche die Subjektivität und Handlungsfähigkeit der Opfer von Katastrophen in den Mittelpunkt rückt. Während traditionelle humanitäre Ansätze ihr Handeln grundsätzlich auf die Politik des Mitleids stützen, indem sie Opfer als passive Empfänger von Hilfe, als Gegenstände des Mitleids und als Begünstigte externer Hilfe betrachten, zeigt dieses Buch, dass ein solcher Ansatz den Opfern von Katastrophen nicht gerecht wird. Es demonstriert deshalb die Notwendigkeit, über diese traditionellen Ansätze der humanitären Hilfe hinauszugehen und die Würde der Opfer in den Mittelpunkt der humanitären Diskurse und Praktiken zu stellen. | [
"['phi']",
"['sow']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Dignity and empowerment : humanitarian theory and practice in the light of cosmopolitan justice
- Document Abstract: This book provides an insightful view in the philosophical foundation of one the most crucial global practices, namely humanitarian action, in view of current developments in international ethics. Indeed, in a globalized world, the suffering of many people has become more tangible than ever, and therefore also a philosophical and global political puzzle. Since the first phases of the globalization, which include the founding of the Red Cross, humanitarian action in the form of various assistance and support services, emerged as a cross-border concern. After the Second World War, humanitarian actors have significantly expanded their activities and also increased in size. Along with the emergence of this humanitarian practice, an evolving humanitarian theory has emerged which intended to provide the foundations for this commitment and to determine its principles. From a philosophical point of view, it is crucial to investigate which forms of ethical foundations and normative goals underlie this development and how, in view of various philosophical traditions, these developments are to be interpreted. Dieses Buch entwickelt ein umfassendes Konzept zur humanitären Theorie und Praxis, welche die Subjektivität und Handlungsfähigkeit der Opfer von Katastrophen in den Mittelpunkt rückt. Während traditionelle humanitäre Ansätze ihr Handeln grundsätzlich auf die Politik des Mitleids stützen, indem sie Opfer als passive Empfänger von Hilfe, als Gegenstände des Mitleids und als Begünstigte externer Hilfe betrachten, zeigt dieses Buch, dass ein solcher Ansatz den Opfern von Katastrophen nicht gerecht wird. Es demonstriert deshalb die Notwendigkeit, über diese traditionellen Ansätze der humanitären Hilfe hinauszugehen und die Würde der Opfer in den Mittelpunkt der humanitären Diskurse und Praktiken zu stellen.
- Document LIN Search class: ['phi'], ['sow']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A1686305575.jsonld | Investigation of a group farrowing system regarding behaviour and skin injuries of sows and piglets and the piglets´ body weight gain | Welfare concerns regarding farrowing and lactating sows, commonly kept in single housing systems with farrowing crates, have led to an intensifying social debate, also being the subject of recent political considerations in Germany. The aim of this study was to analyse a free farrowing system with regard to its animal friendliness for sows and piglets, which was designed to be easily installed on commercial farms and offered space for a group of five lactating sows. Therefore, sows´ and piglets´ behaviour, skin injuries as well as piglets´ weight gain were analysed during lactation. The piglets´ skin lesions and weight gain in group housing (GH) were compared to piglets kept in conventional individual housing (IH), before and after weaning. The investigated GH-system was located on the research farm of the University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation (Germany), and consisted of five farrowing pens (ca. 5 m²), a central common area (11.6 m²) as well as an area which was only available for the piglets (piglet area 1.8 m²). Inside the pens, rubber bollards and flexible iron bars replaced the farrowing crate to protect the piglets from being crushed by the sow. Three farrowing pens were equipped with less perforated plastic flooring (0.7 %), where straw could be provided daily, whereas the both remaining pens were fitted with more highly perforated plastic flooring (29 %) including a central lying area. Flexible steps at the entrance of the pens prevented the piglets from leaving the pens during their first days of life until they were physically able to master the steps. Sows could leave the pens by easily crossing the steps, thus being able to move freely within the housing system. In IH, sows were confined to farrowing crates throughout the housing period and piglets remained separated from foreign litters. The piglets were weaned 35 days post-partum on average in both housing systems. In total, data of 25 sows kept in GH and 34 litters kept in GH and IH were studied in a total of five batches. Video-observations were carried out to determine the activity and location of sows and piglets in GH. The suckling behaviour including cross-suckling was analysed by direct recording and the dunging behaviour by scoring the soiling of the different floor areas in GH. Skin lesions of several parts of the sows´ and piglets´ bodies were assessed by using a cumulative lesion score. Additionally, the occurrence of sows´ shoulder lesions was documented. At weaning, some piglets were chosen for a further experiment and mixed into groups of ten, with five piglets from two different litters each. The two different litters within a group originated from the same farrowing system. Skin injuries and daily weight gain of these piglets were recorded. The piglets left the farrowing pens 10.6 days post-partum in GH, corresponding to the behaviour under semi-natural conditions. Between parturition and the time before the piglets could leave the farrowing pens, sows spent most of their time inside the pens together with their litters (p < 0.05). Visiting a pen other than their own occurred very rarely. During this time, the lowest faecal-soiling was found for the pens and the significantly highest for the common area (p < 0.05). When the piglets were able to leave the pens, sows and piglets abandoned their previous pens, spending time in different areas of the housing system and frequently using the common area. Thereby, the piglets preferred the proximity to the mother sow in comparison to the pens where they were born. This was most obvious immediately after they had left the pens. As standing and walking as well as playing were observed most frequently in the common area, it became evident that this area was intensively used for active behaviour by sows and piglets. Comparing the different types of pen flooring designs, it was found that sows preferred the pens with a lower amount of floor perforation where straw was provided (p < 0.05). The suckling frequency remained nearly constant during the entire lactation period and cross-suckling occurred rarely. In 48.9 % of cases of cross-suckling, the piglets suckled permanently at the same foreign sow throughout the lactation period. In the remaining cases, the piglets changed between different foreign sows. The cumulative lesion score of the sows decreased in the course of the housing period (p < 0.05), while the lesion score of the piglets increased after they had left the pens and became familiar with piglets from foreign litters, resulting in higher lesion scores in GH compared to piglets from IH four days after leaving the pens (p < 0.05). The occurrence of shoulder lesions in sows was low, hardly increasing during the housing period. At weaning, the body weights of the piglets from IH were higher compared to those from GH (p < 0.05). In contrast, during the first four days after mixing at weaning, piglets from GH had higher daily weight gains and sustained fewer injuries compared to the piglets from IH (p < 0.05). The results of the present study indicated that sows and piglets kept in the group housing system were allowed to perform natural behaviour patterns. The different areas and thus the increased space allowance of the GH-system were intensively used. Keeping sows in the GH-system did not result in increased injurious behaviours, such as aggressive interactions between the sows during the housing period and did not affect the suckling frequency either. However, pre-weaning group housing reduced the occurrence of skin lesions and led to higher daily weight gains in piglets after weaning, potentially associated with less stress after mixing. Hence, the GH-system may provide benefits regarding the welfare of sows and piglets. However, further research under practical farming conditions would be useful to reveal whether the indicated findings can be confirmed in practice. Furthermore, the farmers´ workload as well as the sows´ performance kept within the GH should be ascertained, since these are important factors for the commercial acceptance of a housing system. High piglet losses due to crushing by sows still often pose a problem in alternative farrowing systems. This has to be overcome before these systems are accepted in conventional pig production. However, the findings of this study concerning potential welfare benefits of sows and piglets might be of relevance with regard to the current political discussion as well as the increasing public demand for more animal-friendly housing systems. | [
"['rest']",
"['hor']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Investigation of a group farrowing system regarding behaviour and skin injuries of sows and piglets and the piglets´ body weight gain
- Document Abstract: Welfare concerns regarding farrowing and lactating sows, commonly kept in single housing systems with farrowing crates, have led to an intensifying social debate, also being the subject of recent political considerations in Germany. The aim of this study was to analyse a free farrowing system with regard to its animal friendliness for sows and piglets, which was designed to be easily installed on commercial farms and offered space for a group of five lactating sows. Therefore, sows´ and piglets´ behaviour, skin injuries as well as piglets´ weight gain were analysed during lactation. The piglets´ skin lesions and weight gain in group housing (GH) were compared to piglets kept in conventional individual housing (IH), before and after weaning. The investigated GH-system was located on the research farm of the University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation (Germany), and consisted of five farrowing pens (ca. 5 m²), a central common area (11.6 m²) as well as an area which was only available for the piglets (piglet area 1.8 m²). Inside the pens, rubber bollards and flexible iron bars replaced the farrowing crate to protect the piglets from being crushed by the sow. Three farrowing pens were equipped with less perforated plastic flooring (0.7 %), where straw could be provided daily, whereas the both remaining pens were fitted with more highly perforated plastic flooring (29 %) including a central lying area. Flexible steps at the entrance of the pens prevented the piglets from leaving the pens during their first days of life until they were physically able to master the steps. Sows could leave the pens by easily crossing the steps, thus being able to move freely within the housing system. In IH, sows were confined to farrowing crates throughout the housing period and piglets remained separated from foreign litters. The piglets were weaned 35 days post-partum on average in both housing systems. In total, data of 25 sows kept in GH and 34 litters kept in GH and IH were studied in a total of five batches. Video-observations were carried out to determine the activity and location of sows and piglets in GH. The suckling behaviour including cross-suckling was analysed by direct recording and the dunging behaviour by scoring the soiling of the different floor areas in GH. Skin lesions of several parts of the sows´ and piglets´ bodies were assessed by using a cumulative lesion score. Additionally, the occurrence of sows´ shoulder lesions was documented. At weaning, some piglets were chosen for a further experiment and mixed into groups of ten, with five piglets from two different litters each. The two different litters within a group originated from the same farrowing system. Skin injuries and daily weight gain of these piglets were recorded. The piglets left the farrowing pens 10.6 days post-partum in GH, corresponding to the behaviour under semi-natural conditions. Between parturition and the time before the piglets could leave the farrowing pens, sows spent most of their time inside the pens together with their litters (p < 0.05). Visiting a pen other than their own occurred very rarely. During this time, the lowest faecal-soiling was found for the pens and the significantly highest for the common area (p < 0.05). When the piglets were able to leave the pens, sows and piglets abandoned their previous pens, spending time in different areas of the housing system and frequently using the common area. Thereby, the piglets preferred the proximity to the mother sow in comparison to the pens where they were born. This was most obvious immediately after they had left the pens. As standing and walking as well as playing were observed most frequently in the common area, it became evident that this area was intensively used for active behaviour by sows and piglets. Comparing the different types of pen flooring designs, it was found that sows preferred the pens with a lower amount of floor perforation where straw was provided (p < 0.05). The suckling frequency remained nearly constant during the entire lactation period and cross-suckling occurred rarely. In 48.9 % of cases of cross-suckling, the piglets suckled permanently at the same foreign sow throughout the lactation period. In the remaining cases, the piglets changed between different foreign sows. The cumulative lesion score of the sows decreased in the course of the housing period (p < 0.05), while the lesion score of the piglets increased after they had left the pens and became familiar with piglets from foreign litters, resulting in higher lesion scores in GH compared to piglets from IH four days after leaving the pens (p < 0.05). The occurrence of shoulder lesions in sows was low, hardly increasing during the housing period. At weaning, the body weights of the piglets from IH were higher compared to those from GH (p < 0.05). In contrast, during the first four days after mixing at weaning, piglets from GH had higher daily weight gains and sustained fewer injuries compared to the piglets from IH (p < 0.05). The results of the present study indicated that sows and piglets kept in the group housing system were allowed to perform natural behaviour patterns. The different areas and thus the increased space allowance of the GH-system were intensively used. Keeping sows in the GH-system did not result in increased injurious behaviours, such as aggressive interactions between the sows during the housing period and did not affect the suckling frequency either. However, pre-weaning group housing reduced the occurrence of skin lesions and led to higher daily weight gains in piglets after weaning, potentially associated with less stress after mixing. Hence, the GH-system may provide benefits regarding the welfare of sows and piglets. However, further research under practical farming conditions would be useful to reveal whether the indicated findings can be confirmed in practice. Furthermore, the farmers´ workload as well as the sows´ performance kept within the GH should be ascertained, since these are important factors for the commercial acceptance of a housing system. High piglet losses due to crushing by sows still often pose a problem in alternative farrowing systems. This has to be overcome before these systems are accepted in conventional pig production. However, the findings of this study concerning potential welfare benefits of sows and piglets might be of relevance with regard to the current political discussion as well as the increasing public demand for more animal-friendly housing systems.
- Document LIN Search class: ['rest'], ['hor']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A647728133.jsonld | Studien zu den Synthesen von Argyrin A und Tedanolid C | Proteasominhibitor, Totalsynthese, Argyrin A, Tedanolid C, Kiyooka-Aldolreaktion. - Proteasome inhibitor, total synthesis, tedanolide C, Kiyooka aldol reaction | [
"['che']",
"['meda']",
"['cet']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Studien zu den Synthesen von Argyrin A und Tedanolid C
- Document Abstract: Proteasominhibitor, Totalsynthese, Argyrin A, Tedanolid C, Kiyooka-Aldolreaktion. - Proteasome inhibitor, total synthesis, tedanolide C, Kiyooka aldol reaction
- Document LIN Search class: ['che'], ['meda'], ['cet']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A749488395.jsonld | The role of international social security standards : an in-depth study through the case of Greece | Introduction -- Pensions in the light of international standards : a description and critical analysis of ILO Convention no. 128 -- Greece and the international social security standards : an overview -- Description and comparison of the Greek social security legislation with the international social security standards -- Presentation and analysis of the research 'Factual findings' -- Conclusions, discussion and recommendations "The international social security standards adopted by the International Labour Organization and the Council of Europe aim at safeguarding and advancing social security, especially at troublesome periods. Within the context of the European Union and beyond, most countries are bound by a variety of these standards. Thus, while each country designed and developed its own social security system, the acceptance and ratification of the standards added to this by providing substantial guidance and a normative context to social security. However, over the years certain shortcomings emerged which have prevented the standards to achieve their full potential and they do not seem to enjoy much enthusiasm anymore. This evokes the question whether and how these standards are still relevant to domestic social security systems. In order to investigate this, an in-depth study of a particular country is essential. Greece is an interesting case study, since it has ratified several standards and has a rather well-developed social security system. Its history of early democracy, the interruption of democracy by the Colonels' regime and its re-establishment in 1974, as well as the re-building and re-organisation of society have significantly influenced the context for the further implementation of these standards and the adoption of new ones. This study gives a thorough insight into how this country has dealt through time with the standards and in the role standards may play. The book contributes to the current international discussion and enriches it by addressing in a manifold way, the question: What are the obstacles to further promoting the international social security standards in a developed social security system? This volume identifies and describes the various obstacles, but also analyses them and places them into a broader systematic framework, shows which of them have proved to be the greatest, demonstrates their interrelation, and makes recommendations about how these obstacles may be overcome. As a result, the book exceeds by far the limits of a single country study and triggers further discussion in view of the recently revived interest for international social security standards, which became apparent during the 2011 and 2012 conferences of the International Labour Organization"--Provided by publisher | [
"['sow']",
"['his']",
"['oek']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: The role of international social security standards : an in-depth study through the case of Greece
- Document Abstract: Introduction -- Pensions in the light of international standards : a description and critical analysis of ILO Convention no. 128 -- Greece and the international social security standards : an overview -- Description and comparison of the Greek social security legislation with the international social security standards -- Presentation and analysis of the research 'Factual findings' -- Conclusions, discussion and recommendations "The international social security standards adopted by the International Labour Organization and the Council of Europe aim at safeguarding and advancing social security, especially at troublesome periods. Within the context of the European Union and beyond, most countries are bound by a variety of these standards. Thus, while each country designed and developed its own social security system, the acceptance and ratification of the standards added to this by providing substantial guidance and a normative context to social security. However, over the years certain shortcomings emerged which have prevented the standards to achieve their full potential and they do not seem to enjoy much enthusiasm anymore. This evokes the question whether and how these standards are still relevant to domestic social security systems. In order to investigate this, an in-depth study of a particular country is essential. Greece is an interesting case study, since it has ratified several standards and has a rather well-developed social security system. Its history of early democracy, the interruption of democracy by the Colonels' regime and its re-establishment in 1974, as well as the re-building and re-organisation of society have significantly influenced the context for the further implementation of these standards and the adoption of new ones. This study gives a thorough insight into how this country has dealt through time with the standards and in the role standards may play. The book contributes to the current international discussion and enriches it by addressing in a manifold way, the question: What are the obstacles to further promoting the international social security standards in a developed social security system? This volume identifies and describes the various obstacles, but also analyses them and places them into a broader systematic framework, shows which of them have proved to be the greatest, demonstrates their interrelation, and makes recommendations about how these obstacles may be overcome. As a result, the book exceeds by far the limits of a single country study and triggers further discussion in view of the recently revived interest for international social security standards, which became apparent during the 2011 and 2012 conferences of the International Labour Organization"--Provided by publisher
- Document LIN Search class: ['sow'], ['his'], ['oek']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A1738997650.jsonld | Realism, form, and representation in the Edwardian novel : synthetic realism | The real represents to my perception the things that we cannot possibly not know, sooner or later, in one way or another', wrote Henry James in 1907. This description, riven with double negatives, hesitation, and uncertainty, encapsulates the epistemological difficulties of realism, for underlying its narrative and descriptive apparatus as an aesthetic mode lies a philosophical quandary. What grounds the 'real' of the realist novel? What kind of perception isrequired to validate the experience of reality? How does the realist novel represent the difficulty of knowing? What comes to the fore in James's account, as in so many, is how the forms of realism are constituted by a relation to unknowing, absence, and ineffability.0Realism, Form, and Representation in the Edwardian Novel recovers a neglected literary history centred on the intricate relationship between fictional representation and philosophical commitment. It asks how-or if-we can conceptualize realist novels when the objects of their representational intentions are realities that might exist beyond what is empirically verifiable by sense data or analytically verifiable by logic, and are thus irreducible to conceptual schemes or linguisticpractices-a formulation Charlotte Jones refers to as 'synthetic realism'.0In new readings of Edwardian novels including Conrad's Nostromo and The Secret Agent, Wells's Tono-Bungay, and Ford's The Good Soldier, this volume revises and reconsiders key elements of realist novel theory-metaphor and metonymy; character interiority; the insignificant detail; omniscient narration and free indirect discourse; causal linearity-to uncover the representational strategies by which realist writers grapple with the recalcitrance of reality as a referential anchor, and seek to give form to the force, opacity, and uncertain scope of realities that may lie beyond the material | [
"['lit']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Realism, form, and representation in the Edwardian novel : synthetic realism
- Document Abstract: The real represents to my perception the things that we cannot possibly not know, sooner or later, in one way or another', wrote Henry James in 1907. This description, riven with double negatives, hesitation, and uncertainty, encapsulates the epistemological difficulties of realism, for underlying its narrative and descriptive apparatus as an aesthetic mode lies a philosophical quandary. What grounds the 'real' of the realist novel? What kind of perception isrequired to validate the experience of reality? How does the realist novel represent the difficulty of knowing? What comes to the fore in James's account, as in so many, is how the forms of realism are constituted by a relation to unknowing, absence, and ineffability.0Realism, Form, and Representation in the Edwardian Novel recovers a neglected literary history centred on the intricate relationship between fictional representation and philosophical commitment. It asks how-or if-we can conceptualize realist novels when the objects of their representational intentions are realities that might exist beyond what is empirically verifiable by sense data or analytically verifiable by logic, and are thus irreducible to conceptual schemes or linguisticpractices-a formulation Charlotte Jones refers to as 'synthetic realism'.0In new readings of Edwardian novels including Conrad's Nostromo and The Secret Agent, Wells's Tono-Bungay, and Ford's The Good Soldier, this volume revises and reconsiders key elements of realist novel theory-metaphor and metonymy; character interiority; the insignificant detail; omniscient narration and free indirect discourse; causal linearity-to uncover the representational strategies by which realist writers grapple with the recalcitrance of reality as a referential anchor, and seek to give form to the force, opacity, and uncertain scope of realities that may lie beyond the material
- Document LIN Search class: ['lit']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A1020527501.jsonld | Media judgment of entrepreneurial failure - implications for founders | The thesis with the topic „Media judgment of entrepreneurial failure – implications for founders“ compares media reporting about failure of startups in Germany and the US. It can be shown, that the US media reports more positively about failed startups, than the German media does. Die Doktorarbeit zum Thema „Mediale Berichterstattung über unternehmerisches Scheitern - Implikationen für Gründers“ vergleicht die Berichterstattung über das Scheitern von Startups in Deutschland und den USA. Es lässt sich zeigen, dass US Medien deutlich positiver über gescheiterte Startups berichten, als es deutsche Medien tun. | [
"['oek']",
"['pae']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Media judgment of entrepreneurial failure - implications for founders
- Document Abstract: The thesis with the topic „Media judgment of entrepreneurial failure – implications for founders“ compares media reporting about failure of startups in Germany and the US. It can be shown, that the US media reports more positively about failed startups, than the German media does. Die Doktorarbeit zum Thema „Mediale Berichterstattung über unternehmerisches Scheitern - Implikationen für Gründers“ vergleicht die Berichterstattung über das Scheitern von Startups in Deutschland und den USA. Es lässt sich zeigen, dass US Medien deutlich positiver über gescheiterte Startups berichten, als es deutsche Medien tun.
- Document LIN Search class: ['oek'], ['pae']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A1016161069.jsonld | Efficient algorithms for the fast computation of space charge effects caused by charged particles in particle accelerators | In this dissertation, a Poisson solver is improved with three parts: the efficient integrated Green's function; the discrete cosine transform of the efficient integrated Green's function values; the implicitly zero-padded fast Fourier transform for charge density. In addition, the high performance computing technology is utilized for the further improvement of efficiency, such as: OpenMP API, OpenMP+CUDA, MPI, and MPI+OpenMP parallelizations. The examples and simulation results are matched with the results of the commonly used Poisson solver to demonstrate the accuracy performance.<eng> | [
"['mat']",
"['inf']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Efficient algorithms for the fast computation of space charge effects caused by charged particles in particle accelerators
- Document Abstract: In this dissertation, a Poisson solver is improved with three parts: the efficient integrated Green's function; the discrete cosine transform of the efficient integrated Green's function values; the implicitly zero-padded fast Fourier transform for charge density. In addition, the high performance computing technology is utilized for the further improvement of efficiency, such as: OpenMP API, OpenMP+CUDA, MPI, and MPI+OpenMP parallelizations. The examples and simulation results are matched with the results of the commonly used Poisson solver to demonstrate the accuracy performance.<eng>
- Document LIN Search class: ['mat'], ['inf']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A1733469826.jsonld | Professionalisierung von Lehrpersonen an Einzelschulen : Theorie und Empirie im Dialog | How does the individual school influence the professionalisation of teachers? Based on national and international research results on the professionalisation of teachers and the developmental capacity of schools and school systems as well as on the author's own empirical findings, the book examines the significance of the individual school for (the effect of) professionalisation processes. Based on this, the book elaborates consequences for the concrete design of the professionalisation processes of teachers. Wie beeinflusst die Einzelschule die Professionalisierung von Lehrkräften? In dem Buch wird auf Basis nationaler und internationaler Forschungsergebnisse, eigener empirischer Befunde sowie theoretischer Perspektiven zur Professionalisierung von Lehrpersonen und zur Entwicklungsfähigkeit von Schulen und Schulsystemen die Bedeutung der Einzelschule für (die Wirkung von) Professionalisierungsprozesse(n) beleuchtet. Darauf aufbauend werden Konsequenzen für die konkrete Ausgestaltung der Professionalisierungsprozesse von Lehrpersonen herausgearbeitet. | [
"['pae']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Professionalisierung von Lehrpersonen an Einzelschulen : Theorie und Empirie im Dialog
- Document Abstract: How does the individual school influence the professionalisation of teachers? Based on national and international research results on the professionalisation of teachers and the developmental capacity of schools and school systems as well as on the author's own empirical findings, the book examines the significance of the individual school for (the effect of) professionalisation processes. Based on this, the book elaborates consequences for the concrete design of the professionalisation processes of teachers. Wie beeinflusst die Einzelschule die Professionalisierung von Lehrkräften? In dem Buch wird auf Basis nationaler und internationaler Forschungsergebnisse, eigener empirischer Befunde sowie theoretischer Perspektiven zur Professionalisierung von Lehrpersonen und zur Entwicklungsfähigkeit von Schulen und Schulsystemen die Bedeutung der Einzelschule für (die Wirkung von) Professionalisierungsprozesse(n) beleuchtet. Darauf aufbauend werden Konsequenzen für die konkrete Ausgestaltung der Professionalisierungsprozesse von Lehrpersonen herausgearbeitet.
- Document LIN Search class: ['pae']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A1024185052.jsonld | Analysis and engineering of biomolecules and microorganisms: from genome-scale study of pathogens to programming of DNA and cells | This thesis is consisted of three major but different parts with the general aims of systems level evaluation and engineering of biomolecules and biological systems. In the first part of this thesis, comparative genomic studies of mutans streptococci strains, which are involved in the development of dental caries, were performed for better understanding their pathogenicity at the level of systems biology. A mosaic-like structure of genome arrangement was revealed by genome alignment analysis. Genes related to pathogenicity were found to have high variations among the strains, whereas genes for oxidative stress resistance are well conserved, indicating the importance of this trait in the dental biofilm community. Genome-scale metabolic network analysis revealed significant differences in 42 pathways. A striking dissimilarity is the unique presence of two lactate oxidases in S. sobrinus DSM 20742, probably indicating an unusual capability of this strain in producing H2O2 and expanding its ecological niche. In addition, lactate oxidases may form a unique energy-producing pathway with other enzymes in S. sobrinus DSM 20742 that can remedy its deficiency in citrate utilization pathway. An "open" pan-genome was inferred by pan-genome analysis using 67 S. mutans genomes currently available including the strains sequenced in this study. An online regulation database for S. mutans, named StrepReg, was constructed by integrating a transcription factor-based gene regulatory network, which was derived from time-series transcriptome analysis, with STRING protein-protein interaction information and KEGG pathway information (http://biosystem.bt1.tu-harburg.de:1555/homes/). Although systems biology is a powerful tool in understanding the system level behaviors of biological systems, the establishment of predictive, multiscale models in systems biology is still a challenge due to the complexity of biological systems. For the same reason, mathematical models often fail in applications under physiological conditions, such as for identification of targets in metabolic engineering for the development of highly production strains. In the second part of this thesis, a novel multiple input-output (I/O) system was therefore proposed and verified, which allows the identification of limiting bioreactions or key enzymes in metabolic pathways and even the optimization of biomolecules in vivo. The basic idea is to design a multiple I/O system which can introduce various genetic manipulations (perturbations) into the cells and record the specific intracellular signal changes correspondingly. This was achieved by engineering the interactions of phage with E. coli cells. Specifically, a multiple I/O system was implemented using M13 phage derivatives which can introduce various perturbations into E. coli cells after infection, such as up- or down-regulation of specific gene expressions. Using a rationally designed biological circuit, the intracellular signal changes after introduction of the perturbations by the phage infection were linked to the phage reproduction process. This means, signal changes caused by specific perturbations are linked to the specific populations of phages introducing the corresponding perturbations. In this way, the various signals are ‘recorded’ in forms of corresponding populations of phage derivatives. The usefulness of the multiple I/O system was demonstrated with three applications, i.e. identification of beneficial genetic manipulations, parallel evaluation of various designs of enzymes, and parallel screening of key enzymes for L-lysine biosynthesis in E. coli. Various gene operations related or not related to L-lysine biosynthesis in E. coli were used as inputs and the intracellular lysine concentration changes were used to trigger output signals. Correct predictions of beneficial genetic manipulations for enhanced lysine production in E. coli were achieved. New and effective variants of a key enzyme aspartate kinase III (AK-III), which is strictly inhibited by L-lysine, were obtained and evaluated in parallel. Importantly, the I/O system shows a ultra-sensitivity in capturing signal changes caused by the certain perturbations introduced. The approach developed in this work opens up new possibilities in systems metabolic engineering and synthetic biology of industrial microorganisms for practical applications. In the third part of this thesis, a novel self-error-detecting, three-base block encoding scheme (SED3B), which takes full advantage of the inherent redundancy feature of DNA synthesis for error correction, was proposed for reliable information encoding in DNA of living cells. In addition to the high error tolerance, SED3B encoded sequences were shown to be orthogonal to natural DNA sequences, indicating for the first time a low biological relevance of the encoded sequences. Features such as effective error tolerance and low biological relevance make SED3B an appealing solution for orthogonal information encoding in living cells with low or no affections to their biological functions, e.g. as a comment language in programming cells in vivo and for biological barcode encoding. Based on error-prone PCR experiments it was estimated that more than 12,000 years of continuous replication would be required to make the SED3B encoded information in E. coli cells become unrecoverable. To facilitate the usage of SED3B as a comment and barcode encoding system in synthetic biology, an online encoding-decoding system was implemented and released at http://biosystem.bt1.tu-harburg.de/sed3b. In principle, SED3B is also applicable for in vitro large data storage in synthesized DNA. Although further investigation is required, preliminary analysis shows that SED3B has a great potential for increasing the storage density to over several exabytes (EBs) per gram DNA which is theoretically much higher than that of methods reported in literature so far. Diese Doktorarbeit besteht aus drei Hauptteilen mit dem Generalziel, Biomoleküle und biologische Systeme auf Systemebene zu analysieren bzw. zu programmieren. Im ersten Teil dieser Arbeit wurden vergleichende genomische Untersuchungen von Mutans - Streptokokken - Stämmen, die an der Entstehung von Karies beteiligt sind, durchgeführt, um deren Pathogenität auf systembiologischer Ebene besser zu verstehen. Genom-Alignment ergab eine mosaikartige Struktur der Genomanordnung. Gene, die mit der Pathogenität in Zusammenhang stehen, weisen hohe Variationen unter den Stämmen auf, wohingegen Gene für die Resistenz gegen oxidativen Stress gut konserviert sind, was die Bedeutung dieses Merkmals in der dentalen Biofilm-Gemeinschaft anzeigt. Die Analyse genomweiter metabolischer Netzwerke zeigte signifikante Unterschiede in 42 Signalwegen. Eine bemerkenswerte Besonderheit ist die einzigartige Anwesenheit von zwei Lactatoxidasen in S. sobrinus DSM 20742, was wahrscheinlich auf eine ungewöhnliche Fähigkeit dieses Stamms hinweist, H2O2 zu produzieren und seine ökologische Nische zu erweitern. Zusätzlich können Lactatoxidasen einen einzigartigen energetischen Weg mit anderen Enzymen in S. sobrinus DSM 20742 bilden, der seinen Mangel im Citratverwertungsweg beheben kann. Unter Verwendung von derzeit verfügbaren 67 S. mutans-Genomen, einschließlich der in dieser Studie sequenzierten Stämme, wurde die theoretische Kerngenomgröße von S. mutans geschätzt und eine Modellierung von S. mutans pan-genom durch Anwendung verschiedener Fitting-Modelle durchgeführt. Ein "offenes" Pan-Genom wurde gezeigt. Eine Online-Regulierungsdatenbank für Streptococcus, genannt StrepReg, wurde durch Integration eines Transkriptionsfaktor-basierten Genregulationsnetzwerkes, das aus einer zeitreihen Transkriptomanalyse in Zusammenarbeit mit Projektpartnern abgeleitet wurde (http://biosystem.bt1.tu-harburg.de:1555/homes/). Obwohl die Systembiologie ein sehr nützliches Werkzeug ist, um das Systemverhalten von biologischen Systemen zu verstehen, ist die Etablierung von prädiktiven Multiskalenmodellen aufgrund der Komplexität biologischer Systeme immer noch eine große Herausforderung. Aus dem gleichen Grund scheitern mathematische Modelle oft für Anwendungen unter physiologische Bedingungen, wie z.B. bei der Identifizierung von Targets in Metabolic Engineering für die Entwickelung von Hochleistungsproduktionsstämmen. Zur Lösung der Probleme wurde im zweiten Teil dieser Arbeit ein neuartiges Mehrfach Input-Output (I/O) System vorgeschlagen und verifiziert, das verschiedene genetische Manipulationen in die Zellen einbringen und die entsprechenden intrazellulären Signaländerungen aufzeichnen kann, mit dem Ziel, Schlüsselreaktionen bzw. Enzyme in Stoffwechselwegen in E. coli zu identifizieren und Biomoleküle zu optimieren. Die Grundidee dabei war, die Interaktionen von Phagen mit E. coli-Zellen zu gestalten und zu nutzen. Konkret wurde ein Mehrfach-I/O-System unter Verwendung verschiedener M13-Phagenderivate implementiert, die verschiedene genetische Modifikationen (Störungen) in E. coli-Zellen nach einer Phageninfektion einführen können, wie etwa eine Aufwärts- oder Abwärtsregulierung spezifischer Genexpressionen. Unter Verwendung eines rational entworfenen biologischen Schaltkreises wurden die intrazellulären Signalveränderungen nach der Einführung von Störungen durch Phageninfektion mit dem Phagenreproduktionsprozess verknüpft. Dies bedeutet, dass Signaländerungen, die durch spezifische Störungen verursacht werden, mit den spezifischen Phagenpopulationen verbunden sind, die die entsprechenden Störungen einführen. Mit anderen Worten werden die verschiedenen Signale in Formen von entsprechenden Populationen von Phagenderivaten "aufgezeichnet". Die Nützlichkeit des Mehrfach-I/O-Systems wurde in drei Anwendungen gezeigt, d.h. Identifizierung von vorteilhaften genetischen Manipulationen, paralleler Bewertung verschiedener Designs von Biomolekülen und parallelem Screening von Schlüsselenzymen für die L-Lysin-Biosynthese in E. coli. Verschiedene Genoperationen, die mit der L-Lysinbiosynthese in E. coli verwandt waren oder nicht, wurden als Inputs verwendet und die intrazellulären Lysinkonzentrationsänderungen wurden verwendet, um Ausgangssignale auszulösen. Korrekte Vorhersagen von vorteilhaften genetischen Manipulationen für eine erhöhte Lysinproduktion in E. coli wurden erzielt. Neue und effektive Varianten eines Schlüsselenzyms Aspartatkinase III (AK-III), das durch L-Lysin streng gehemmt wird, wurden parallel erhalten und ausgewertet. Es ist anzumerken, dass das I/O-System eine besonders hohe Empfindlichkeit bei der Erfassung von Signaländerungen aufweist, die durch die eingeführten bestimmten Störungen verursacht werden. Der in dieser Arbeit entwickelte Ansatz eröffnet neue Möglichkeiten in Systems Metabolic Engineering und synthetischer Biologie industrieller Mikroorganismen für praktische Anwendungen. Im dritten Teil dieser Arbeit wurde ein neuartiges selbstfehlererkennendes Drei-BasenBlock-Codierungsschema (SED3B) für eine zuverlässige Informationscodierung in DNA, insbesondere für Anwendungen in lebenden Zellen vorgeschlagen und verifiziert, das die inhärente Redundanz der DNA-Synthese zur Fehlerkorrektur in der DNA-Datenspeicherung voll ausnutzt. Zusätzlich zu der hohen Fehlertoleranz wurde gezeigt, dass SED3B-codierte Sequenzen sich von den natürlich gebildeten DNA-Sequenzen grundsetzlich unterscheiden, was zum ersten Mal eine geringe biologische Relevanz der zu diesem Zweck codierten Sequenzen anzeigt. Merkmale, wie die effektive Fehlertoleranz und die geringe biolo-gische Relevanz, machen SED3B zu einer ansprechenden Lösung für die orthogonale Informationscodierung in lebenden Zellen mit geringen bzw. keinen Beeinträchtigungen ihrer biologischen Funktionen, z. als Kommentarsprache beim Programmieren von Zellen in vivo und für ein biologisches barcoding. Basierend auf einem fehleranfälligen PCRExperiment wurde geschätzt, dass mehr als 12.000 Jahre kontinuierlicher Replikation erforderlich wären, um die SED3B-codierte Information in E. coli-Zellen zu verlieren. Um die Verwendung von SED3B als Kommentar- und Barcode-Kodierungssystem in der synthetischen Biologie zu erleichtern, wurde ein Online-Kodierungs-Dekodierungssystem implementiert und unter http://biosystem.bt1.tu-harburg.de/sed3b veröffentlicht. Im Prinzip ist SED3B auch für eine in vitro große Datenspeicherung in synthetisierter DNA anwendbar. Obwohl weitere Untersuchungen erforderlich sind, zeigen erste Ergebnisse, dass SED3B ein gutes Potenzial zur Erhöhung der Speicherdichte auf mehrere extaabytes (EBs) pro Gramm DNA hat, was theoretisch viel höher ist als bei den bekannten Methoden für digitale DNA-Informationskodierung. | [
"['mat']",
"['bio']",
"['meda']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Analysis and engineering of biomolecules and microorganisms: from genome-scale study of pathogens to programming of DNA and cells
- Document Abstract: This thesis is consisted of three major but different parts with the general aims of systems level evaluation and engineering of biomolecules and biological systems. In the first part of this thesis, comparative genomic studies of mutans streptococci strains, which are involved in the development of dental caries, were performed for better understanding their pathogenicity at the level of systems biology. A mosaic-like structure of genome arrangement was revealed by genome alignment analysis. Genes related to pathogenicity were found to have high variations among the strains, whereas genes for oxidative stress resistance are well conserved, indicating the importance of this trait in the dental biofilm community. Genome-scale metabolic network analysis revealed significant differences in 42 pathways. A striking dissimilarity is the unique presence of two lactate oxidases in S. sobrinus DSM 20742, probably indicating an unusual capability of this strain in producing H2O2 and expanding its ecological niche. In addition, lactate oxidases may form a unique energy-producing pathway with other enzymes in S. sobrinus DSM 20742 that can remedy its deficiency in citrate utilization pathway. An "open" pan-genome was inferred by pan-genome analysis using 67 S. mutans genomes currently available including the strains sequenced in this study. An online regulation database for S. mutans, named StrepReg, was constructed by integrating a transcription factor-based gene regulatory network, which was derived from time-series transcriptome analysis, with STRING protein-protein interaction information and KEGG pathway information (http://biosystem.bt1.tu-harburg.de:1555/homes/). Although systems biology is a powerful tool in understanding the system level behaviors of biological systems, the establishment of predictive, multiscale models in systems biology is still a challenge due to the complexity of biological systems. For the same reason, mathematical models often fail in applications under physiological conditions, such as for identification of targets in metabolic engineering for the development of highly production strains. In the second part of this thesis, a novel multiple input-output (I/O) system was therefore proposed and verified, which allows the identification of limiting bioreactions or key enzymes in metabolic pathways and even the optimization of biomolecules in vivo. The basic idea is to design a multiple I/O system which can introduce various genetic manipulations (perturbations) into the cells and record the specific intracellular signal changes correspondingly. This was achieved by engineering the interactions of phage with E. coli cells. Specifically, a multiple I/O system was implemented using M13 phage derivatives which can introduce various perturbations into E. coli cells after infection, such as up- or down-regulation of specific gene expressions. Using a rationally designed biological circuit, the intracellular signal changes after introduction of the perturbations by the phage infection were linked to the phage reproduction process. This means, signal changes caused by specific perturbations are linked to the specific populations of phages introducing the corresponding perturbations. In this way, the various signals are ‘recorded’ in forms of corresponding populations of phage derivatives. The usefulness of the multiple I/O system was demonstrated with three applications, i.e. identification of beneficial genetic manipulations, parallel evaluation of various designs of enzymes, and parallel screening of key enzymes for L-lysine biosynthesis in E. coli. Various gene operations related or not related to L-lysine biosynthesis in E. coli were used as inputs and the intracellular lysine concentration changes were used to trigger output signals. Correct predictions of beneficial genetic manipulations for enhanced lysine production in E. coli were achieved. New and effective variants of a key enzyme aspartate kinase III (AK-III), which is strictly inhibited by L-lysine, were obtained and evaluated in parallel. Importantly, the I/O system shows a ultra-sensitivity in capturing signal changes caused by the certain perturbations introduced. The approach developed in this work opens up new possibilities in systems metabolic engineering and synthetic biology of industrial microorganisms for practical applications. In the third part of this thesis, a novel self-error-detecting, three-base block encoding scheme (SED3B), which takes full advantage of the inherent redundancy feature of DNA synthesis for error correction, was proposed for reliable information encoding in DNA of living cells. In addition to the high error tolerance, SED3B encoded sequences were shown to be orthogonal to natural DNA sequences, indicating for the first time a low biological relevance of the encoded sequences. Features such as effective error tolerance and low biological relevance make SED3B an appealing solution for orthogonal information encoding in living cells with low or no affections to their biological functions, e.g. as a comment language in programming cells in vivo and for biological barcode encoding. Based on error-prone PCR experiments it was estimated that more than 12,000 years of continuous replication would be required to make the SED3B encoded information in E. coli cells become unrecoverable. To facilitate the usage of SED3B as a comment and barcode encoding system in synthetic biology, an online encoding-decoding system was implemented and released at http://biosystem.bt1.tu-harburg.de/sed3b. In principle, SED3B is also applicable for in vitro large data storage in synthesized DNA. Although further investigation is required, preliminary analysis shows that SED3B has a great potential for increasing the storage density to over several exabytes (EBs) per gram DNA which is theoretically much higher than that of methods reported in literature so far. Diese Doktorarbeit besteht aus drei Hauptteilen mit dem Generalziel, Biomoleküle und biologische Systeme auf Systemebene zu analysieren bzw. zu programmieren. Im ersten Teil dieser Arbeit wurden vergleichende genomische Untersuchungen von Mutans - Streptokokken - Stämmen, die an der Entstehung von Karies beteiligt sind, durchgeführt, um deren Pathogenität auf systembiologischer Ebene besser zu verstehen. Genom-Alignment ergab eine mosaikartige Struktur der Genomanordnung. Gene, die mit der Pathogenität in Zusammenhang stehen, weisen hohe Variationen unter den Stämmen auf, wohingegen Gene für die Resistenz gegen oxidativen Stress gut konserviert sind, was die Bedeutung dieses Merkmals in der dentalen Biofilm-Gemeinschaft anzeigt. Die Analyse genomweiter metabolischer Netzwerke zeigte signifikante Unterschiede in 42 Signalwegen. Eine bemerkenswerte Besonderheit ist die einzigartige Anwesenheit von zwei Lactatoxidasen in S. sobrinus DSM 20742, was wahrscheinlich auf eine ungewöhnliche Fähigkeit dieses Stamms hinweist, H2O2 zu produzieren und seine ökologische Nische zu erweitern. Zusätzlich können Lactatoxidasen einen einzigartigen energetischen Weg mit anderen Enzymen in S. sobrinus DSM 20742 bilden, der seinen Mangel im Citratverwertungsweg beheben kann. Unter Verwendung von derzeit verfügbaren 67 S. mutans-Genomen, einschließlich der in dieser Studie sequenzierten Stämme, wurde die theoretische Kerngenomgröße von S. mutans geschätzt und eine Modellierung von S. mutans pan-genom durch Anwendung verschiedener Fitting-Modelle durchgeführt. Ein "offenes" Pan-Genom wurde gezeigt. Eine Online-Regulierungsdatenbank für Streptococcus, genannt StrepReg, wurde durch Integration eines Transkriptionsfaktor-basierten Genregulationsnetzwerkes, das aus einer zeitreihen Transkriptomanalyse in Zusammenarbeit mit Projektpartnern abgeleitet wurde (http://biosystem.bt1.tu-harburg.de:1555/homes/). Obwohl die Systembiologie ein sehr nützliches Werkzeug ist, um das Systemverhalten von biologischen Systemen zu verstehen, ist die Etablierung von prädiktiven Multiskalenmodellen aufgrund der Komplexität biologischer Systeme immer noch eine große Herausforderung. Aus dem gleichen Grund scheitern mathematische Modelle oft für Anwendungen unter physiologische Bedingungen, wie z.B. bei der Identifizierung von Targets in Metabolic Engineering für die Entwickelung von Hochleistungsproduktionsstämmen. Zur Lösung der Probleme wurde im zweiten Teil dieser Arbeit ein neuartiges Mehrfach Input-Output (I/O) System vorgeschlagen und verifiziert, das verschiedene genetische Manipulationen in die Zellen einbringen und die entsprechenden intrazellulären Signaländerungen aufzeichnen kann, mit dem Ziel, Schlüsselreaktionen bzw. Enzyme in Stoffwechselwegen in E. coli zu identifizieren und Biomoleküle zu optimieren. Die Grundidee dabei war, die Interaktionen von Phagen mit E. coli-Zellen zu gestalten und zu nutzen. Konkret wurde ein Mehrfach-I/O-System unter Verwendung verschiedener M13-Phagenderivate implementiert, die verschiedene genetische Modifikationen (Störungen) in E. coli-Zellen nach einer Phageninfektion einführen können, wie etwa eine Aufwärts- oder Abwärtsregulierung spezifischer Genexpressionen. Unter Verwendung eines rational entworfenen biologischen Schaltkreises wurden die intrazellulären Signalveränderungen nach der Einführung von Störungen durch Phageninfektion mit dem Phagenreproduktionsprozess verknüpft. Dies bedeutet, dass Signaländerungen, die durch spezifische Störungen verursacht werden, mit den spezifischen Phagenpopulationen verbunden sind, die die entsprechenden Störungen einführen. Mit anderen Worten werden die verschiedenen Signale in Formen von entsprechenden Populationen von Phagenderivaten "aufgezeichnet". Die Nützlichkeit des Mehrfach-I/O-Systems wurde in drei Anwendungen gezeigt, d.h. Identifizierung von vorteilhaften genetischen Manipulationen, paralleler Bewertung verschiedener Designs von Biomolekülen und parallelem Screening von Schlüsselenzymen für die L-Lysin-Biosynthese in E. coli. Verschiedene Genoperationen, die mit der L-Lysinbiosynthese in E. coli verwandt waren oder nicht, wurden als Inputs verwendet und die intrazellulären Lysinkonzentrationsänderungen wurden verwendet, um Ausgangssignale auszulösen. Korrekte Vorhersagen von vorteilhaften genetischen Manipulationen für eine erhöhte Lysinproduktion in E. coli wurden erzielt. Neue und effektive Varianten eines Schlüsselenzyms Aspartatkinase III (AK-III), das durch L-Lysin streng gehemmt wird, wurden parallel erhalten und ausgewertet. Es ist anzumerken, dass das I/O-System eine besonders hohe Empfindlichkeit bei der Erfassung von Signaländerungen aufweist, die durch die eingeführten bestimmten Störungen verursacht werden. Der in dieser Arbeit entwickelte Ansatz eröffnet neue Möglichkeiten in Systems Metabolic Engineering und synthetischer Biologie industrieller Mikroorganismen für praktische Anwendungen. Im dritten Teil dieser Arbeit wurde ein neuartiges selbstfehlererkennendes Drei-BasenBlock-Codierungsschema (SED3B) für eine zuverlässige Informationscodierung in DNA, insbesondere für Anwendungen in lebenden Zellen vorgeschlagen und verifiziert, das die inhärente Redundanz der DNA-Synthese zur Fehlerkorrektur in der DNA-Datenspeicherung voll ausnutzt. Zusätzlich zu der hohen Fehlertoleranz wurde gezeigt, dass SED3B-codierte Sequenzen sich von den natürlich gebildeten DNA-Sequenzen grundsetzlich unterscheiden, was zum ersten Mal eine geringe biologische Relevanz der zu diesem Zweck codierten Sequenzen anzeigt. Merkmale, wie die effektive Fehlertoleranz und die geringe biolo-gische Relevanz, machen SED3B zu einer ansprechenden Lösung für die orthogonale Informationscodierung in lebenden Zellen mit geringen bzw. keinen Beeinträchtigungen ihrer biologischen Funktionen, z. als Kommentarsprache beim Programmieren von Zellen in vivo und für ein biologisches barcoding. Basierend auf einem fehleranfälligen PCRExperiment wurde geschätzt, dass mehr als 12.000 Jahre kontinuierlicher Replikation erforderlich wären, um die SED3B-codierte Information in E. coli-Zellen zu verlieren. Um die Verwendung von SED3B als Kommentar- und Barcode-Kodierungssystem in der synthetischen Biologie zu erleichtern, wurde ein Online-Kodierungs-Dekodierungssystem implementiert und unter http://biosystem.bt1.tu-harburg.de/sed3b veröffentlicht. Im Prinzip ist SED3B auch für eine in vitro große Datenspeicherung in synthetisierter DNA anwendbar. Obwohl weitere Untersuchungen erforderlich sind, zeigen erste Ergebnisse, dass SED3B ein gutes Potenzial zur Erhöhung der Speicherdichte auf mehrere extaabytes (EBs) pro Gramm DNA hat, was theoretisch viel höher ist als bei den bekannten Methoden für digitale DNA-Informationskodierung.
- Document LIN Search class: ['mat'], ['bio'], ['meda']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A1679226169.jsonld | Trends in precipitation over Germany and the Rhine basin related to changes in weather patterns | Precipitation as the central meteorological feature for agriculture, water security, and human well-being amongst others, has gained special attention ever since. Lack of precipitation may have devastating effects such as crop failure and water scarcity. Abundance of precipitation, on the other hand, may as well result in hazardous events such as flooding and again crop failure. Thus, great effort has been spent on tracking changes in precipitation and relating them to underlying processes. Particularly in the face of global warming and given the link between temperature and atmospheric water holding capacity, research is needed to understand the effect of climate change on precipitation. The present work aims at understanding past changes in precipitation and other meteorological variables. Trends were detected for various time periods and related to associated changes in large-scale atmospheric circulation. The results derived in this thesis may be used as the foundation for attributing changes in floods to climate change.… | [
"['geo']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Trends in precipitation over Germany and the Rhine basin related to changes in weather patterns
- Document Abstract: Precipitation as the central meteorological feature for agriculture, water security, and human well-being amongst others, has gained special attention ever since. Lack of precipitation may have devastating effects such as crop failure and water scarcity. Abundance of precipitation, on the other hand, may as well result in hazardous events such as flooding and again crop failure. Thus, great effort has been spent on tracking changes in precipitation and relating them to underlying processes. Particularly in the face of global warming and given the link between temperature and atmospheric water holding capacity, research is needed to understand the effect of climate change on precipitation. The present work aims at understanding past changes in precipitation and other meteorological variables. Trends were detected for various time periods and related to associated changes in large-scale atmospheric circulation. The results derived in this thesis may be used as the foundation for attributing changes in floods to climate change.…
- Document LIN Search class: ['geo']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A742474755.jsonld | What they think matters! : the role of (meta) representations of the superordinate group among minority and majority members | Superordinate groups serve as background against which group members evaluate their intergroup relation (Turner, Hogg, Oakes, Reicher, & Wetherell, 1987), whereby higher subgroup prototypicality seems desirable (Mummendey & Wenzel, 1999). This dissertation contributes to the study of superordinate groups by introducing the hitherto neglected role of ingroup members’ meta-perceptions, i.e. their beliefs of how the outgroup represents the superordinate group. By combining research on social power (Fiske, 1993) and threatened social identities (Shelton, Richeson, & Vorauer, 2006), meta-perceptions of the superordinate group are conceptualized as social identity threats that impact on intergroup relations. In addition, in focusing on ethnic minority-majority relations, this dissertation differentiates between two different types of identities among minority members (Phinney & Devich-Navarro, 1997). | [
"['sow']",
"['pae']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: What they think matters! : the role of (meta) representations of the superordinate group among minority and majority members
- Document Abstract: Superordinate groups serve as background against which group members evaluate their intergroup relation (Turner, Hogg, Oakes, Reicher, & Wetherell, 1987), whereby higher subgroup prototypicality seems desirable (Mummendey & Wenzel, 1999). This dissertation contributes to the study of superordinate groups by introducing the hitherto neglected role of ingroup members’ meta-perceptions, i.e. their beliefs of how the outgroup represents the superordinate group. By combining research on social power (Fiske, 1993) and threatened social identities (Shelton, Richeson, & Vorauer, 2006), meta-perceptions of the superordinate group are conceptualized as social identity threats that impact on intergroup relations. In addition, in focusing on ethnic minority-majority relations, this dissertation differentiates between two different types of identities among minority members (Phinney & Devich-Navarro, 1997).
- Document LIN Search class: ['sow'], ['pae']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A1782038248.jsonld | Stimulated raman scattering in high-power fiber lasers | This thesis contains investigations of stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) in high-power continuous wave fiber lasers with diffraction-limited beam quality. A high-power, narrow-linewidth Raman fiber amplifier is constructed and SRS-induced transverse mode instability (TMI) is experimentally observed in a passive fiber. Influential parameters (like the fiber length) on the TMI threshold are investigated. Additionally, the spectral linewidth of the Raman fiber amplifier is investigated. Furthermore, walk-off between the Stokes signal and the Raman pump signal was found to have a major influence on the amount of Stokes light created in high-power fiber oscillators. An analytical model quantifying this effect for high-power cw fiber lasers is developed. | [
"['phy']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Stimulated raman scattering in high-power fiber lasers
- Document Abstract: This thesis contains investigations of stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) in high-power continuous wave fiber lasers with diffraction-limited beam quality. A high-power, narrow-linewidth Raman fiber amplifier is constructed and SRS-induced transverse mode instability (TMI) is experimentally observed in a passive fiber. Influential parameters (like the fiber length) on the TMI threshold are investigated. Additionally, the spectral linewidth of the Raman fiber amplifier is investigated. Furthermore, walk-off between the Stokes signal and the Raman pump signal was found to have a major influence on the amount of Stokes light created in high-power fiber oscillators. An analytical model quantifying this effect for high-power cw fiber lasers is developed.
- Document LIN Search class: ['phy']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A1836483635.jsonld | Friedrich Rosen : orientalist scholarship and international politics | Diplomat, Orientalist, and German foreign minister: Friedrich Rosen (1856-1935) was an Orient expert par excellence in the age of German imperialism. His story is told here for the first time. Following his rise to the centres of international politics and Orientalist scholarship, this study argues that power and knowledge sustained, challenged and subverted each other | [
"['his']",
"['sow']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Friedrich Rosen : orientalist scholarship and international politics
- Document Abstract: Diplomat, Orientalist, and German foreign minister: Friedrich Rosen (1856-1935) was an Orient expert par excellence in the age of German imperialism. His story is told here for the first time. Following his rise to the centres of international politics and Orientalist scholarship, this study argues that power and knowledge sustained, challenged and subverted each other
- Document LIN Search class: ['his'], ['sow']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A1641973803.jsonld | The disintegration of Bosnia and Herzegovina : from ethnic cleansing to ethnified governance | This book argues that the «international community» created and managed the dysfunctional state of Bosnia and Herzegovina by effectively rewarding ethnic cleansing, drawing up a transitional constitution which, in turn, generated a complex ethnifying polity incapable of independent reform. This constitution, which was only added as an annex to the Dayton Peace Agreement, has continued to encourage ethnification, understood in this book as the reproduction of imagined communities of descent. While accepting that foreign interference was necessary to end the war in the late 1990s, the book offers a critical review of the actions of the Office of the High Representative of the International Community (OHR) and other foreign actors since that period. It includes meticulous examination of hundreds of OHR decisions, as well as secret diplomatic cables published by Wikileaks revealing how the US embassy intervened in the country's trade and foreign policy. Drawing on a process-sociological perspective, the book interrogates the notion of ethnicity and offers a radical new perspective on post-war state-building in Bosnia and Herzegovina. | [
"['sow']",
"['his']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: The disintegration of Bosnia and Herzegovina : from ethnic cleansing to ethnified governance
- Document Abstract: This book argues that the «international community» created and managed the dysfunctional state of Bosnia and Herzegovina by effectively rewarding ethnic cleansing, drawing up a transitional constitution which, in turn, generated a complex ethnifying polity incapable of independent reform. This constitution, which was only added as an annex to the Dayton Peace Agreement, has continued to encourage ethnification, understood in this book as the reproduction of imagined communities of descent. While accepting that foreign interference was necessary to end the war in the late 1990s, the book offers a critical review of the actions of the Office of the High Representative of the International Community (OHR) and other foreign actors since that period. It includes meticulous examination of hundreds of OHR decisions, as well as secret diplomatic cables published by Wikileaks revealing how the US embassy intervened in the country's trade and foreign policy. Drawing on a process-sociological perspective, the book interrogates the notion of ethnicity and offers a radical new perspective on post-war state-building in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
- Document LIN Search class: ['sow'], ['his']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A731639995.jsonld | Atmospheric-pressure dielectric barrier discharge : synthesis and deposition of organic plasma polymers and their characterizations | Abstract Atmospheric Pressure Discharges have attracted much interest in recent years. The development of a new processes based on this discharge needs a clear understanding of plasma and discharge physics and chemistry. At the present time much attention is paid to the chemical processes in barrier discharge plasma in various gas mixtures, since the understanding of these processes is necessary for the development of industrial reactors. Besides these, hydrocarbons are being used for the formation of diamond like or amorphous carbon (DLC) films. Specially, hydrogenated amorphous carbon (a-C: H) and plasma polymerization. In this work we have used Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) a plasma device used to investigate simple hydrocarbon reactions in a plasma phase. Our aim of plasma phase chemical reaction studies is to form molecular hydrogen, higher order hydrocarbons CnHm up to n ? 12 series and nitrogen - containing organic complexes using simple hydrocarbons. Deposition of thin organic films or DLC films were carried out using the DBD. In this study we have chosen certain combination of gases such as C2Hm/N2 (m = 2, 4, 6) and C2Hm/Ar (m = 2, 4, 6); the purpose of using N2 and Ar gases are to dilute and stabilize the hydrocarbon plasma and to investigate plasma chemical reactions with nitrogen gas. All reactions were carried out under an atmospheric pressure (300 mbar) with gas ratio 1:2; Experiments were performed by applying high voltage with a frequency 5.5 kHz ... Dielektrische Entladung, Massenspektrometrie, FTIR-Spektrometrie, Titan-Tholine, Duennschichten, DBD, Dielectric Barrier Discharge, Mass Specrtometry, Titan, Tholins, FTIR spectroscopy, Thin films | [
"['phy']",
"['che']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Atmospheric-pressure dielectric barrier discharge : synthesis and deposition of organic plasma polymers and their characterizations
- Document Abstract: Abstract Atmospheric Pressure Discharges have attracted much interest in recent years. The development of a new processes based on this discharge needs a clear understanding of plasma and discharge physics and chemistry. At the present time much attention is paid to the chemical processes in barrier discharge plasma in various gas mixtures, since the understanding of these processes is necessary for the development of industrial reactors. Besides these, hydrocarbons are being used for the formation of diamond like or amorphous carbon (DLC) films. Specially, hydrogenated amorphous carbon (a-C: H) and plasma polymerization. In this work we have used Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) a plasma device used to investigate simple hydrocarbon reactions in a plasma phase. Our aim of plasma phase chemical reaction studies is to form molecular hydrogen, higher order hydrocarbons CnHm up to n ? 12 series and nitrogen - containing organic complexes using simple hydrocarbons. Deposition of thin organic films or DLC films were carried out using the DBD. In this study we have chosen certain combination of gases such as C2Hm/N2 (m = 2, 4, 6) and C2Hm/Ar (m = 2, 4, 6); the purpose of using N2 and Ar gases are to dilute and stabilize the hydrocarbon plasma and to investigate plasma chemical reactions with nitrogen gas. All reactions were carried out under an atmospheric pressure (300 mbar) with gas ratio 1:2; Experiments were performed by applying high voltage with a frequency 5.5 kHz ... Dielektrische Entladung, Massenspektrometrie, FTIR-Spektrometrie, Titan-Tholine, Duennschichten, DBD, Dielectric Barrier Discharge, Mass Specrtometry, Titan, Tholins, FTIR spectroscopy, Thin films
- Document LIN Search class: ['phy'], ['che']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A1645172945.jsonld | Of writers and workers : the movement of writing workers in East Germany | "Born of the dream of fostering a new caste of writers from working-class ranks, the 'Movement of Writing Workers' (Bewegung schreibender Arbeiter) offers a paradigmatic view of the successes and failures of attempts to implement a socialist cultural revolution in the German Democratic Republic (GDR). The abstract tenets of Marxist teleology and state-sponsored program ascribed to 'writing workers' a central position in the efforts to overcome class divisions, educational privilege and, ultimately, the distinctions between workers and intellectuals, art and labour. This study, based largely on original archival research, traces the historical background and development of this major cultural initiative. It undermines the notion of servile obedience to Soviet direction in East German cultural affairs and displays the discrepancies between the official rhetoric of the ruling communist party and the realities of popular cultural participation. While there existed over 200 'Circles of Writing Workers' in the GDR - also known as 'socialist literary salons' - the four case studies featured here highlight their diversity and stake out the broad parameters of state-sponsored literary production in East Germany".-- | [
"['lit']",
"['his']",
"['sow']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Of writers and workers : the movement of writing workers in East Germany
- Document Abstract: "Born of the dream of fostering a new caste of writers from working-class ranks, the 'Movement of Writing Workers' (Bewegung schreibender Arbeiter) offers a paradigmatic view of the successes and failures of attempts to implement a socialist cultural revolution in the German Democratic Republic (GDR). The abstract tenets of Marxist teleology and state-sponsored program ascribed to 'writing workers' a central position in the efforts to overcome class divisions, educational privilege and, ultimately, the distinctions between workers and intellectuals, art and labour. This study, based largely on original archival research, traces the historical background and development of this major cultural initiative. It undermines the notion of servile obedience to Soviet direction in East German cultural affairs and displays the discrepancies between the official rhetoric of the ruling communist party and the realities of popular cultural participation. While there existed over 200 'Circles of Writing Workers' in the GDR - also known as 'socialist literary salons' - the four case studies featured here highlight their diversity and stake out the broad parameters of state-sponsored literary production in East Germany".--
- Document LIN Search class: ['lit'], ['his'], ['sow']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A1846858763.jsonld | The effects of impartiality disclosure on brand objectives for no and multiple product endorsements | Regulation stipulates that social media Influencers on Instagram need to disclose sponsorship information when a relationship exists between the brand and the influencer. While influencers may simply use the Instagram disclosure label “Paid partnership with brand X”, others add additional messages or hashtags which express that the opinions voiced in Instagram posts are honest. This study examines how emphasizing “honest opinions” in sponsored and not sponsored Instagram posts affects consumers’ responses. Second, it explores if the influencers endorsing multiple products moderates the relationship between impartiality disclosure and credibility or ad perception. The results found that compared to the no disclosure condition, “This is not a sponsored post” diminishes consumers’ purchase intention. Further, it can support that perceived source credibility relates positively to purchase intention and that the use of “#honestopinion” diminishes advertising perception. A central finding is the existence of an indirect positive mediation effect of the impartiality disclosure “#honestopinion”, advertising disclosure and trustworthiness on purchase intention. Lastly, this study can support that a consumer’s attachment to an influencer has a positive impact on that consumer’s purchase intention. About the author Dr. Corina Oprea received her PhD at the markstones Institute of Marketing, Branding & Technology, within the research group of Prof. Dr. Cristoph Burmann, at the University of Bremen. | [
"['oek']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: The effects of impartiality disclosure on brand objectives for no and multiple product endorsements
- Document Abstract: Regulation stipulates that social media Influencers on Instagram need to disclose sponsorship information when a relationship exists between the brand and the influencer. While influencers may simply use the Instagram disclosure label “Paid partnership with brand X”, others add additional messages or hashtags which express that the opinions voiced in Instagram posts are honest. This study examines how emphasizing “honest opinions” in sponsored and not sponsored Instagram posts affects consumers’ responses. Second, it explores if the influencers endorsing multiple products moderates the relationship between impartiality disclosure and credibility or ad perception. The results found that compared to the no disclosure condition, “This is not a sponsored post” diminishes consumers’ purchase intention. Further, it can support that perceived source credibility relates positively to purchase intention and that the use of “#honestopinion” diminishes advertising perception. A central finding is the existence of an indirect positive mediation effect of the impartiality disclosure “#honestopinion”, advertising disclosure and trustworthiness on purchase intention. Lastly, this study can support that a consumer’s attachment to an influencer has a positive impact on that consumer’s purchase intention. About the author Dr. Corina Oprea received her PhD at the markstones Institute of Marketing, Branding & Technology, within the research group of Prof. Dr. Cristoph Burmann, at the University of Bremen.
- Document LIN Search class: ['oek']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A1767324650.jsonld | Politik von Unten : Populismus in der Schweiz | What characterises the phenomenon of populism, and how has it developed in recent decades? In this study, Edward Weber addresses these questions using quantitative longitudinal analyses of three areas of investigation: the responsiveness of political elites, populism among citizens and populism in party political discourse. Although the study is based on data from Switzerland, it is also relevant for West European countries in general. Its findings demonstrate that populism constantly accompanies democracy and that today’s nationalist, conservative political parties are not populist because of their nationalist and conservative nature, but because they are relatively new and have not yet integrated themselves into the political establishment. Was macht das Phänomen „Populismus“ aus, und wie hat es sich in den letzten Jahrzehnten entwickelt? Edward Weber geht diesen Fragen nach, basierend auf quantitativen Längsschnittanalysen der drei Untersuchungsebenen: „Responsivität der politischen Eliten“, „Populismus der Bürger“ und „Populismus im Diskurs der Parteien“. Die Arbeit stützt sich dabei auf Schweizer Daten, ist aber für westeuropäische Länder generell relevant. Die Ergebnisse zeigen unter anderem: Populismus ist ein konstanter Begleiter der Demokratie und die heutigen nationalkonservativen Parteien sind nicht deshalb populistisch, weil sie nationalkonservativ sind, sondern weil sie relativ neu sind und sich noch nicht in das politische Establishment integriert haben. | [
"['sow']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Politik von Unten : Populismus in der Schweiz
- Document Abstract: What characterises the phenomenon of populism, and how has it developed in recent decades? In this study, Edward Weber addresses these questions using quantitative longitudinal analyses of three areas of investigation: the responsiveness of political elites, populism among citizens and populism in party political discourse. Although the study is based on data from Switzerland, it is also relevant for West European countries in general. Its findings demonstrate that populism constantly accompanies democracy and that today’s nationalist, conservative political parties are not populist because of their nationalist and conservative nature, but because they are relatively new and have not yet integrated themselves into the political establishment. Was macht das Phänomen „Populismus“ aus, und wie hat es sich in den letzten Jahrzehnten entwickelt? Edward Weber geht diesen Fragen nach, basierend auf quantitativen Längsschnittanalysen der drei Untersuchungsebenen: „Responsivität der politischen Eliten“, „Populismus der Bürger“ und „Populismus im Diskurs der Parteien“. Die Arbeit stützt sich dabei auf Schweizer Daten, ist aber für westeuropäische Länder generell relevant. Die Ergebnisse zeigen unter anderem: Populismus ist ein konstanter Begleiter der Demokratie und die heutigen nationalkonservativen Parteien sind nicht deshalb populistisch, weil sie nationalkonservativ sind, sondern weil sie relativ neu sind und sich noch nicht in das politische Establishment integriert haben.
- Document LIN Search class: ['sow']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A1760557986.jsonld | Proteasomal protein turnover during defense priming in Arabidopsis | The ubiquitin-proteasome-system (UPS) is a cellular cascade involving three enzymatic steps for protein ubiquitination to target them to the 26S proteasome for proteolytic degradation. Several components of the UPS have been shown to be central for regulation of defense responses during infections with phytopathogenic bacteria. Upon recognition of the pathogen, local defense is induced which also primes the plant to acquire systemic resistance (SAR) for enhanced immune responses upon challenging infections. Here, ubiquitinated proteins were shown to accumulate locally and systemically during infections with Psm and after treatment with the SAR-inducing metabolites salicylic acid (SA) and pipecolic acid (Pip). The role of the 26S proteasome in local defense has been described in several studies, but the potential role during SAR remains elusive and was therefore investigated in this project by characterizing the Arabidopsis proteasome mutants rpt2a-2 and rpn12a-1 during priming and infections with Pseudomonas. [...] | [
"['bio']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Proteasomal protein turnover during defense priming in Arabidopsis
- Document Abstract: The ubiquitin-proteasome-system (UPS) is a cellular cascade involving three enzymatic steps for protein ubiquitination to target them to the 26S proteasome for proteolytic degradation. Several components of the UPS have been shown to be central for regulation of defense responses during infections with phytopathogenic bacteria. Upon recognition of the pathogen, local defense is induced which also primes the plant to acquire systemic resistance (SAR) for enhanced immune responses upon challenging infections. Here, ubiquitinated proteins were shown to accumulate locally and systemically during infections with Psm and after treatment with the SAR-inducing metabolites salicylic acid (SA) and pipecolic acid (Pip). The role of the 26S proteasome in local defense has been described in several studies, but the potential role during SAR remains elusive and was therefore investigated in this project by characterizing the Arabidopsis proteasome mutants rpt2a-2 and rpn12a-1 during priming and infections with Pseudomonas. [...]
- Document LIN Search class: ['bio']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A165560905X.jsonld | Finanzielles Member Value Management : strategische Potenziale für Genossenschaftsbanken | In today’s financial market conditions, co-operative banks have to compete with plenty of domestic and foreign competitors. Exploiting their capabilities systematically due to legal structure, therefore, becomes a crucial factor of success for the institutes. Based on their unique corporate governance model, promotion of members’ interests can be identified as an essential core competence and turned into a permanent competitive advantage of co-operative banks, when implemented appropriately. Following the modern value based management approach, the illustrated financial member value management constitutes a strategic concept that is applicable for them to achieve sustainable competitive differentiation and lasting results. High methodological benefits can arise especially in the context of corporate management, corporate valuation and corporate reporting. Genossenschaftsbanken sehen sich unter den heutigen Markt- und Wettbewerbsbedingungen mit einer Vielzahl von nationalen und internationalen Wettbewerbern konfrontiert. Die systematische Ausschöpfung ihrer rechtsformspezifischen Potenziale wird für die Institute daher zu einem entscheidenden Erfolgsfaktor. Beruhend auf ihrer einzigartigen Corporate Governance lässt sich die Mitgliederförderung als zentrale kreditgenossenschaftliche Kernkompetenz identifizieren und bei entsprechender Ausgestaltung in einen dauerhaften Wettbewerbsvorteil überführen. Mit dem finanziellen Member Value Management wird – in Anlehnung an die modernen wertorientierten Unternehmenssteuerungsansätze – ein strategisches Konzept dargestellt, das zur nachhaltigen Wettbewerbsdifferenzierung und Erfolgssicherung von Genossenschaftsbanken dienen kann. Einen hohen Anwendungsnutzen vermag es insbesondere in den Bereichen der Unternehmenssteuerung, Unternehmensbewertung und Unternehmensberichterstattung zu entfalten. | [
"['oek']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Finanzielles Member Value Management : strategische Potenziale für Genossenschaftsbanken
- Document Abstract: In today’s financial market conditions, co-operative banks have to compete with plenty of domestic and foreign competitors. Exploiting their capabilities systematically due to legal structure, therefore, becomes a crucial factor of success for the institutes. Based on their unique corporate governance model, promotion of members’ interests can be identified as an essential core competence and turned into a permanent competitive advantage of co-operative banks, when implemented appropriately. Following the modern value based management approach, the illustrated financial member value management constitutes a strategic concept that is applicable for them to achieve sustainable competitive differentiation and lasting results. High methodological benefits can arise especially in the context of corporate management, corporate valuation and corporate reporting. Genossenschaftsbanken sehen sich unter den heutigen Markt- und Wettbewerbsbedingungen mit einer Vielzahl von nationalen und internationalen Wettbewerbern konfrontiert. Die systematische Ausschöpfung ihrer rechtsformspezifischen Potenziale wird für die Institute daher zu einem entscheidenden Erfolgsfaktor. Beruhend auf ihrer einzigartigen Corporate Governance lässt sich die Mitgliederförderung als zentrale kreditgenossenschaftliche Kernkompetenz identifizieren und bei entsprechender Ausgestaltung in einen dauerhaften Wettbewerbsvorteil überführen. Mit dem finanziellen Member Value Management wird – in Anlehnung an die modernen wertorientierten Unternehmenssteuerungsansätze – ein strategisches Konzept dargestellt, das zur nachhaltigen Wettbewerbsdifferenzierung und Erfolgssicherung von Genossenschaftsbanken dienen kann. Einen hohen Anwendungsnutzen vermag es insbesondere in den Bereichen der Unternehmenssteuerung, Unternehmensbewertung und Unternehmensberichterstattung zu entfalten.
- Document LIN Search class: ['oek']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A1869773705.jsonld | The Icelandic Concrete Saga : Architecture and Construction (1847–1958) | "Viele halten ein Land ohne Baumaterialien für unbewohnbar." Mit diesen Worten eröffnete Industrieminister Gylfi èorsteinsson Gíslason 1958 Islands erstes und einziges Zementwerk. Mehr als ein Jahrhundert zuvor war beim Bau der Domkirche von Reykjavík erstmals Portlandzement zum Verputzen von Wänden zum Einsatz gekommen. Seinerzeit fertigte man die meisten städtischen Wohnhäuser noch aus vor Ort gestochenem Torf oder teurem importiertem Bauholz. Nur wenige Jahrzehnte später bauten isländische Architekt_innen, Ingenieur_innen und Maurer_innen ihr Land fast ausschließlich aus Beton. Wie konnte das Material so enorm an Beliebtheit gewinnen, dass die ersten Dekaden des 20. Jahrhunderts auch als "Zeitalter des Betons" in die Geschichte eingingen? The Icelandic Concrete Saga befasst sich mit über hundert Jahren isländischer Architektur, Baupraxis und Technologie. Das Buch begibt sich auf die Spuren einer Architektur, die unablässig gegen Materialknappheit und die Elemente der Natur ankämpft und eng mit der isländischen Politik, Kultur und Gesellschaft verwoben ist. "Many would consider a country without building materials uninhabitable." With these words, Minister of Industry Gylfi èorsteinsson Gíslason opened Iceland's first and only cement plant in 1958. More than a century before, Portland cement was first used as plaster on the walls of the Reykjavík cathedral. At the time, most rural and urban dwellings were still being built from local turf or expensive imported timber. Just a few decades later, Icelandic architects, engineers, and masons were building their country exclusively in concrete. How did this material become so popular that the first decades of the twentieth century are referred to as "the age of concrete"? The Icelandic Concrete Saga focuses on over one hundred years of Icelandic architecture, construction, and technology. It traces the history of an architecture in constant struggle with material scarcity and the natural elements, its outcomes intertwined with Icelandic politics, culture, and society | [
"['bau']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: The Icelandic Concrete Saga : Architecture and Construction (1847–1958)
- Document Abstract: "Viele halten ein Land ohne Baumaterialien für unbewohnbar." Mit diesen Worten eröffnete Industrieminister Gylfi èorsteinsson Gíslason 1958 Islands erstes und einziges Zementwerk. Mehr als ein Jahrhundert zuvor war beim Bau der Domkirche von Reykjavík erstmals Portlandzement zum Verputzen von Wänden zum Einsatz gekommen. Seinerzeit fertigte man die meisten städtischen Wohnhäuser noch aus vor Ort gestochenem Torf oder teurem importiertem Bauholz. Nur wenige Jahrzehnte später bauten isländische Architekt_innen, Ingenieur_innen und Maurer_innen ihr Land fast ausschließlich aus Beton. Wie konnte das Material so enorm an Beliebtheit gewinnen, dass die ersten Dekaden des 20. Jahrhunderts auch als "Zeitalter des Betons" in die Geschichte eingingen? The Icelandic Concrete Saga befasst sich mit über hundert Jahren isländischer Architektur, Baupraxis und Technologie. Das Buch begibt sich auf die Spuren einer Architektur, die unablässig gegen Materialknappheit und die Elemente der Natur ankämpft und eng mit der isländischen Politik, Kultur und Gesellschaft verwoben ist. "Many would consider a country without building materials uninhabitable." With these words, Minister of Industry Gylfi èorsteinsson Gíslason opened Iceland's first and only cement plant in 1958. More than a century before, Portland cement was first used as plaster on the walls of the Reykjavík cathedral. At the time, most rural and urban dwellings were still being built from local turf or expensive imported timber. Just a few decades later, Icelandic architects, engineers, and masons were building their country exclusively in concrete. How did this material become so popular that the first decades of the twentieth century are referred to as "the age of concrete"? The Icelandic Concrete Saga focuses on over one hundred years of Icelandic architecture, construction, and technology. It traces the history of an architecture in constant struggle with material scarcity and the natural elements, its outcomes intertwined with Icelandic politics, culture, and society
- Document LIN Search class: ['bau']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A1654868876.jsonld | Experiments on the Thermodynamics of Information Processing | Introduction -- Feedback Trap -- Real-time Calibration of a Feedback Trap -- High-Precision Test of Landauer’s Principle -- Erasure without Work in an Asymmetric, Double-well Potential -- Thermodynamical and Logical Irreversibility -- Arbitrarily Slow, Non-quasistatic, Isothermal Transformations -- Partial Memory Erasure: Testing Shannon’s Entropy Function -- Conclusion. This thesis reveals how the feedback trap technique, developed to trap small objects for biophysical measurement, could be adapted for the quantitative study of the thermodynamic properties of small systems. The experiments in this thesis are related to Maxwell’s demon, a hypothetical intelligent, “neat fingered” being that uses information to extract work from heat, apparently creating a perpetual-motion machine. The second law of thermodynamics should make that impossible, but how? That question has stymied physicists and provoked debate for a century and a half. The experiments in this thesis confirm a hypothesis proposed by Rolf Landauer over fifty years ago: that Maxwell’s demon would need to erase information, and that erasing information—resetting the measuring device to a standard starting state—requires dissipating as much energy as is gained. For his thesis work, the author used a “feedback trap” to study the motion of colloidal particles in “v irtual potentials” that may be manipulated arbitrarily. The feedback trap confines a freely diffusing particle in liquid by periodically measuring its position and applying an electric field to move it back to the origin. | [
"['phy']",
"['mat']",
"['bio']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Experiments on the Thermodynamics of Information Processing
- Document Abstract: Introduction -- Feedback Trap -- Real-time Calibration of a Feedback Trap -- High-Precision Test of Landauer’s Principle -- Erasure without Work in an Asymmetric, Double-well Potential -- Thermodynamical and Logical Irreversibility -- Arbitrarily Slow, Non-quasistatic, Isothermal Transformations -- Partial Memory Erasure: Testing Shannon’s Entropy Function -- Conclusion. This thesis reveals how the feedback trap technique, developed to trap small objects for biophysical measurement, could be adapted for the quantitative study of the thermodynamic properties of small systems. The experiments in this thesis are related to Maxwell’s demon, a hypothetical intelligent, “neat fingered” being that uses information to extract work from heat, apparently creating a perpetual-motion machine. The second law of thermodynamics should make that impossible, but how? That question has stymied physicists and provoked debate for a century and a half. The experiments in this thesis confirm a hypothesis proposed by Rolf Landauer over fifty years ago: that Maxwell’s demon would need to erase information, and that erasing information—resetting the measuring device to a standard starting state—requires dissipating as much energy as is gained. For his thesis work, the author used a “feedback trap” to study the motion of colloidal particles in “v irtual potentials” that may be manipulated arbitrarily. The feedback trap confines a freely diffusing particle in liquid by periodically measuring its position and applying an electric field to move it back to the origin.
- Document LIN Search class: ['phy'], ['mat'], ['bio']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A896610926.jsonld | Transnational black dialogues : re-imagining slavery in the twenty-first century | Cover. Transnational Black Dialogues -- Contents -- Acknowledgements -- Introduction: Slavery-An "Unmentionable" Past? -- 1. The Concept of the African Diaspora and the Notion of Difference -- 2. From Human Bondage to Racial Slavery: Toni Morrison's A Mercy (2008). -- 3. Rethinking the African Diaspora: Saidiya Hartman's Lose Your Mother (2007) 4. "Hertseer:" Re-Imagining Cape Slavery in Yvette Christiansë's Unconfessed (2006) -- 5. Transnational Diasporic Journeys in Lawrence Hill's The Book of Negroes (2007). -- 6. A Vicious Circle of Violence: Revisiting Jamaican Slavery in Marlon James's The Book of Night Women (2009) Epilogue: The Past of Slavery and "the Incomplete Project of Freedom" -- Works Cited | [
"['lit']",
"['sow']",
"['his']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Transnational black dialogues : re-imagining slavery in the twenty-first century
- Document Abstract: Cover. Transnational Black Dialogues -- Contents -- Acknowledgements -- Introduction: Slavery-An "Unmentionable" Past? -- 1. The Concept of the African Diaspora and the Notion of Difference -- 2. From Human Bondage to Racial Slavery: Toni Morrison's A Mercy (2008). -- 3. Rethinking the African Diaspora: Saidiya Hartman's Lose Your Mother (2007) 4. "Hertseer:" Re-Imagining Cape Slavery in Yvette Christiansë's Unconfessed (2006) -- 5. Transnational Diasporic Journeys in Lawrence Hill's The Book of Negroes (2007). -- 6. A Vicious Circle of Violence: Revisiting Jamaican Slavery in Marlon James's The Book of Night Women (2009) Epilogue: The Past of Slavery and "the Incomplete Project of Freedom" -- Works Cited
- Document LIN Search class: ['lit'], ['sow'], ['his']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A663439191.jsonld | Electrical conductivity and hydrogen diffusion in synthetic orthopyroxene single-crystals | Charge transport mechanisms and the proton contribution to electrical conductivity of syn-thetic orthopyroxene single crystals could be inferred by combining results from hydrogen diffusivity and electrical conductivity experiments. Dehydration experiments were conducted with aluminous enstatite and orthopyroxenes with three different Fe/Al-ratios. The results confirm the earlier finding that iron enhances dehydration by charge-balancing escaping hydrogen with a counter flux of electron holes, enabling hydrogen to diffuse independently on its associated defect. The conjecture that aluminium decelerates dehydration by forming comparably stable hydrous point defect complexes, was also confirmed. H/D-exchange experiments were conducted with pure and aluminous enstatite, and one Fe- and Al-bearing orthopyroxene. In orthopyroxene with 0-3 wt% FeO total iron, H/D-ex-change is about two orders of magnitude faster than dehydration. In orthopyroxene with 6-10 wt% FeO total iron, dehydration is similar to H/D-exchange in pure enstatite, indica-ting that hydrogen diffuses independently from the associated point defect in both cases. Like dehydration, H/D-exchange is decelerated by aluminium with respect to pure ensta-tite, reflecting the greater stability of hydrogen associated with aluminium. Electrical conductivity of synthetic and natural hydrogen-bearing orthopyroxene showed little correlation with hydrogen content in iron-free enstatite, and no correlation in iron-bearing orthopyroxenes ... | [
"['che']",
"['phy']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Electrical conductivity and hydrogen diffusion in synthetic orthopyroxene single-crystals
- Document Abstract: Charge transport mechanisms and the proton contribution to electrical conductivity of syn-thetic orthopyroxene single crystals could be inferred by combining results from hydrogen diffusivity and electrical conductivity experiments. Dehydration experiments were conducted with aluminous enstatite and orthopyroxenes with three different Fe/Al-ratios. The results confirm the earlier finding that iron enhances dehydration by charge-balancing escaping hydrogen with a counter flux of electron holes, enabling hydrogen to diffuse independently on its associated defect. The conjecture that aluminium decelerates dehydration by forming comparably stable hydrous point defect complexes, was also confirmed. H/D-exchange experiments were conducted with pure and aluminous enstatite, and one Fe- and Al-bearing orthopyroxene. In orthopyroxene with 0-3 wt% FeO total iron, H/D-ex-change is about two orders of magnitude faster than dehydration. In orthopyroxene with 6-10 wt% FeO total iron, dehydration is similar to H/D-exchange in pure enstatite, indica-ting that hydrogen diffuses independently from the associated point defect in both cases. Like dehydration, H/D-exchange is decelerated by aluminium with respect to pure ensta-tite, reflecting the greater stability of hydrogen associated with aluminium. Electrical conductivity of synthetic and natural hydrogen-bearing orthopyroxene showed little correlation with hydrogen content in iron-free enstatite, and no correlation in iron-bearing orthopyroxenes ...
- Document LIN Search class: ['che'], ['phy']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A740745654.jsonld | Multi-scale representations of virtual 3D city models | Virtual 3D city and landscape models are the main subject investigated in this thesis. They digitally represent urban space and have many applications in different domains, e.g., simulation, cadastral management, and city planning. Visualization is an elementary component of these applications. Photo-realistic visualization with an increasingly high degree of detail leads to fundamental problems for comprehensible visualization. A large number of highly detailed and textured objects within a virtual 3D city model may create visual noise and overload the users with information. Objects are subject to perspective foreshortening and may be occluded or not displayed in a meaningful way, as they are too small. In this thesis we present abstraction techniques that automatically process virtual 3D city and landscape models to derive abstracted representations. These have a reduced degree of detail, while essential characteristics are preserved. After introducing definitions for model, scale, and multi-scale representations, we discuss the fu… | [
"['inf']",
"['geo']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Multi-scale representations of virtual 3D city models
- Document Abstract: Virtual 3D city and landscape models are the main subject investigated in this thesis. They digitally represent urban space and have many applications in different domains, e.g., simulation, cadastral management, and city planning. Visualization is an elementary component of these applications. Photo-realistic visualization with an increasingly high degree of detail leads to fundamental problems for comprehensible visualization. A large number of highly detailed and textured objects within a virtual 3D city model may create visual noise and overload the users with information. Objects are subject to perspective foreshortening and may be occluded or not displayed in a meaningful way, as they are too small. In this thesis we present abstraction techniques that automatically process virtual 3D city and landscape models to derive abstracted representations. These have a reduced degree of detail, while essential characteristics are preserved. After introducing definitions for model, scale, and multi-scale representations, we discuss the fu…
- Document LIN Search class: ['inf'], ['geo']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A1755740964.jsonld | Hotspots of soil water movement induced by vegetation canopies | Vegetation and soil form a highly interactive system, within which water is one of the most important factors. By the redistribution of precipitation and its separation into interception, throughfall and stemflow, vegetation canopies introduce a strong small-scale heterogeneity to downwards-directed water fluxes in forests. This could importantly affect subsequent hydrological and biogeochemical processes. In my study, I addressed the formation of patterns and hotspots of below-canopy precipitation and their imprint on soil water conditions. In a comprehensive experimental approach, I used a high-resolution statistical design to capture overall patterns, and hotspot locations – trees – to identify extreme impacts of canopy-induced water flow on soil water and properties. In Chapter 1, I show that soil properties, instead of net precipitation patterns, most prominently shaped spatial patterns of soil water content. Soil properties, yet, showed to be spatially organized due to the position of trees, forming areas of enhanced soil drainage around the trunks. In Chapter2, the effects of tree, neighborhood and stand properties on stemflow were identified using linear mixed effects models. Stand density and species diversity increased stemflow due to high woody surface area. The temporal stability of stemflow variation indicates that vegetational impacts are highly relevant. Chapter 3 assesses the spatial distribution of infiltration from stemflow and throughfall and the impact of hotspots on soil properties. Stemflow infiltration areas proved to be extremely small and infiltration depth high. These hotspots formed distinct soil microsites at the base of trees by accelerating soil formation. Thus, vegetation induces water flow hotspots from the canopy to below the rooting zone. This is likely to influence hydrological responses and the separation of rainfall to plant available water in contrast to deep percolation and groundwater recharge. | [
"['geo']",
"['hor']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Hotspots of soil water movement induced by vegetation canopies
- Document Abstract: Vegetation and soil form a highly interactive system, within which water is one of the most important factors. By the redistribution of precipitation and its separation into interception, throughfall and stemflow, vegetation canopies introduce a strong small-scale heterogeneity to downwards-directed water fluxes in forests. This could importantly affect subsequent hydrological and biogeochemical processes. In my study, I addressed the formation of patterns and hotspots of below-canopy precipitation and their imprint on soil water conditions. In a comprehensive experimental approach, I used a high-resolution statistical design to capture overall patterns, and hotspot locations – trees – to identify extreme impacts of canopy-induced water flow on soil water and properties. In Chapter 1, I show that soil properties, instead of net precipitation patterns, most prominently shaped spatial patterns of soil water content. Soil properties, yet, showed to be spatially organized due to the position of trees, forming areas of enhanced soil drainage around the trunks. In Chapter2, the effects of tree, neighborhood and stand properties on stemflow were identified using linear mixed effects models. Stand density and species diversity increased stemflow due to high woody surface area. The temporal stability of stemflow variation indicates that vegetational impacts are highly relevant. Chapter 3 assesses the spatial distribution of infiltration from stemflow and throughfall and the impact of hotspots on soil properties. Stemflow infiltration areas proved to be extremely small and infiltration depth high. These hotspots formed distinct soil microsites at the base of trees by accelerating soil formation. Thus, vegetation induces water flow hotspots from the canopy to below the rooting zone. This is likely to influence hydrological responses and the separation of rainfall to plant available water in contrast to deep percolation and groundwater recharge.
- Document LIN Search class: ['geo'], ['hor']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A1774349094.jsonld | Ein "More Realistic Approach"? : zu den Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der verhaltensökonomischen Analyse des Wettbewerbsrechts | While in Europe the influence of the »More Economic Approach« has been extensively debated over the last twenty years, a fresh concept called behavioral antitrust was emerging in US competition law. This new approach assumes market actors who are not always rational, have limited will-power, and self-interest. This »More Realistic Approach« aims to free competition policy from unrealistic theoretical assumptions and to underpin it with empirical facts. Martin Meier explores where both the potential and the boundaries of such behavioral economic analysis lie in competition law. | [
"['jur']",
"['oek']",
"['sow']",
"['pae']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Ein "More Realistic Approach"? : zu den Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der verhaltensökonomischen Analyse des Wettbewerbsrechts
- Document Abstract: While in Europe the influence of the »More Economic Approach« has been extensively debated over the last twenty years, a fresh concept called behavioral antitrust was emerging in US competition law. This new approach assumes market actors who are not always rational, have limited will-power, and self-interest. This »More Realistic Approach« aims to free competition policy from unrealistic theoretical assumptions and to underpin it with empirical facts. Martin Meier explores where both the potential and the boundaries of such behavioral economic analysis lie in competition law.
- Document LIN Search class: ['jur'], ['oek'], ['sow'], ['pae']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A556103556.jsonld | Immunocompetence, testosterone and breeding success in red bishop (Euplectes orix) | The life-history theory postulates that individuals need to allocate limited resources (i.e. energy expenditure, time, effort) to multiple conflicting life functions (i.e. growth, health maintenance, reproduction). Resources available to any given individual are always finite and any investment in a life function thus diminishes the resources available for another. In my thesis, I present three studies centred around trade-offs between reproductive success and health in adult and nestling red bishops (Euplectes orix). The studies employ multiple methods to assess general health (e.g. body condition index, white blood cell count) and immune responsiveness (phytohaemagglutinin skin swelling test) in both wild and captive birds. Results are discussed with respect to theories and hypotheses from evolutionary biology ('immunocompetence-handicap hypothesis', 'good-genes hypothesis', 'compatible-genes hypothesis, and 'sex-allocation theory'), and with respect to possible influences of environmental factors on the immune system. <engl.> Die sogenannte 'Life-history theory' besagt, dass Individuen limitierte Ressourcen (z. B. Energie, Nahrung, Zeit) auf mehrere miteinander konkurrierende lebensnotwendige Aufgaben (z. B. Wachstum, Gesundheit, Fortpflanzung) aufteilen müssen. Da die einem Individuum zur Verfügung stehenden Ressourcen immer endlich sind, mindert jede Investition in eine Aufgabe folglich die für andere Aufgaben verfügbaren Ressourcen. In meiner Doktorarbeit stelle ich drei Studien vor, die sich mit 'Trade-offs' zwischen Gesundheit und Fortpflanzungserfolg bei erwachsenen Oryxwebern (Euplectes orix) und ihren Nestlingen beschäftigen. Die Studien nutzen verschiedene Methoden um den Gesundheitszustand (z. B. Body Condition Index, Differentialblutbild) und die Stärke der Immunantwort (Phytohaemagglutinin Test), in frei lebenden und in gefangenen Tieren zu bestimmen. Die Ergebnisse werden im Rahmen verschiedener evolutionsbiologischer Theorien bzw. Hypothesen ('Immunokompetenz-Handikap Hypothese', 'Guten-Gene Hypothese', 'Kompatible-Gene Hypothese', 'Sex-allocation theory') und in Bezug auf mögliche Einflüsse von Umweltfaktoren diskutiert. <dt.> | [
"['bio']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Immunocompetence, testosterone and breeding success in red bishop (Euplectes orix)
- Document Abstract: The life-history theory postulates that individuals need to allocate limited resources (i.e. energy expenditure, time, effort) to multiple conflicting life functions (i.e. growth, health maintenance, reproduction). Resources available to any given individual are always finite and any investment in a life function thus diminishes the resources available for another. In my thesis, I present three studies centred around trade-offs between reproductive success and health in adult and nestling red bishops (Euplectes orix). The studies employ multiple methods to assess general health (e.g. body condition index, white blood cell count) and immune responsiveness (phytohaemagglutinin skin swelling test) in both wild and captive birds. Results are discussed with respect to theories and hypotheses from evolutionary biology ('immunocompetence-handicap hypothesis', 'good-genes hypothesis', 'compatible-genes hypothesis, and 'sex-allocation theory'), and with respect to possible influences of environmental factors on the immune system. <engl.> Die sogenannte 'Life-history theory' besagt, dass Individuen limitierte Ressourcen (z. B. Energie, Nahrung, Zeit) auf mehrere miteinander konkurrierende lebensnotwendige Aufgaben (z. B. Wachstum, Gesundheit, Fortpflanzung) aufteilen müssen. Da die einem Individuum zur Verfügung stehenden Ressourcen immer endlich sind, mindert jede Investition in eine Aufgabe folglich die für andere Aufgaben verfügbaren Ressourcen. In meiner Doktorarbeit stelle ich drei Studien vor, die sich mit 'Trade-offs' zwischen Gesundheit und Fortpflanzungserfolg bei erwachsenen Oryxwebern (Euplectes orix) und ihren Nestlingen beschäftigen. Die Studien nutzen verschiedene Methoden um den Gesundheitszustand (z. B. Body Condition Index, Differentialblutbild) und die Stärke der Immunantwort (Phytohaemagglutinin Test), in frei lebenden und in gefangenen Tieren zu bestimmen. Die Ergebnisse werden im Rahmen verschiedener evolutionsbiologischer Theorien bzw. Hypothesen ('Immunokompetenz-Handikap Hypothese', 'Guten-Gene Hypothese', 'Kompatible-Gene Hypothese', 'Sex-allocation theory') und in Bezug auf mögliche Einflüsse von Umweltfaktoren diskutiert. <dt.>
- Document LIN Search class: ['bio']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A1742074650.jsonld | Fictions of home : narratives of alienation and belonging, 1850-2000 | This study aims to counter right-wing discourses of belonging. It discusses key theoretical concepts for the study of home, focusing in particular on Marxist, feminist, postcolonial, and psychoanalytic contributions. The book also maintains that postmodern celebrations of nomadism and exile tend to be incapable of providing an alternative to conservative, xenophobic appropriations of home. In detailed readings of one film and six novels, a view is developed according to which home, as a spatio-temporal imaginary, is rooted in our species being, and as such constitutes the inevitable starting point for any progressive politics. | [
"['sow']",
"['lit']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Fictions of home : narratives of alienation and belonging, 1850-2000
- Document Abstract: This study aims to counter right-wing discourses of belonging. It discusses key theoretical concepts for the study of home, focusing in particular on Marxist, feminist, postcolonial, and psychoanalytic contributions. The book also maintains that postmodern celebrations of nomadism and exile tend to be incapable of providing an alternative to conservative, xenophobic appropriations of home. In detailed readings of one film and six novels, a view is developed according to which home, as a spatio-temporal imaginary, is rooted in our species being, and as such constitutes the inevitable starting point for any progressive politics.
- Document LIN Search class: ['sow'], ['lit']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A89010400X.jsonld | Morphological and electrochemical investigation of polymer electrolyte fuel cell components | Abstract: In this thesis devices for electrochemical energy conversion and storage are investigated with tomographic and electrochemical methods with a focus on polymer electrolyte fuel cells. The first part of the work presents ZnO-contrasting via atomic layer deposition for focused ion beam - scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM) tomography, which for the first time enables reliable and fast reconstruction of nanoporous carbon-based materials. The potential of ZnO-contrasted FIB-SEM tomography is illustrated with various findings: the calculated O2 diffusivities (23.1 - 25.4 x 10-7 m2s-1) and porosity (65%) of a fuel cell catalyst layer are in good agreement with experimental values from literature, while they deviate strongly when obtained from state-of-the-art reconstructions. Furthermore, filling with ZnO permits the identification of large Pt clusters inside the catalyst layer, which were estimated to reduce the catalyst surface area by 9%. A similar material system, the carbon binder domain (CBD) of a LiCoO2 battery cathode, was reconstructed for the first time thanks to ZnO-contrasting possibly ending the era of virtually created CBDs via stochastic-based reconstruction. The calculated porosity (57%), tortuosities and size distributions lead to two findings: first, the inhomogeneity of the CBD reduces electronic conductivity by up to 30%, and second, swelling of the PVDF binder (75 vol%) reduces ion transport in the pores of the CBD significantly. ZnO-contrasting is further used to compare a fuel cell microporous layer and catalyst layer, to demonstrate the pore space connectivity of carbon nanowalls synthesized by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition and to investigate the morphology of supercapacitor materials. Most likely ZnO-infiltration also aids to preserve the original structure of the sample during FIB-SEM tomography by increasing mechanical stability and thermal conductivity. Being the missing piece to reliably reconstruct large volumes ZnO-contrasting is believed to pave the way for industrial application of FIB-SEM nanotomography.<br>In the second part of the thesis the reasons for the increased power density of fuel cells fabricated with the in-house developed direct membrane deposition (DMD) are systematically investigated. The reasons for the increased power density were found to be a 50% reduction in ionic resistances of the polymer electrolyte membrane and mass transport resistance of the oxygen diffusion compared to conventio ... | [
"['elt']",
"['che']",
"['phy']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Morphological and electrochemical investigation of polymer electrolyte fuel cell components
- Document Abstract: Abstract: In this thesis devices for electrochemical energy conversion and storage are investigated with tomographic and electrochemical methods with a focus on polymer electrolyte fuel cells. The first part of the work presents ZnO-contrasting via atomic layer deposition for focused ion beam - scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM) tomography, which for the first time enables reliable and fast reconstruction of nanoporous carbon-based materials. The potential of ZnO-contrasted FIB-SEM tomography is illustrated with various findings: the calculated O2 diffusivities (23.1 - 25.4 x 10-7 m2s-1) and porosity (65%) of a fuel cell catalyst layer are in good agreement with experimental values from literature, while they deviate strongly when obtained from state-of-the-art reconstructions. Furthermore, filling with ZnO permits the identification of large Pt clusters inside the catalyst layer, which were estimated to reduce the catalyst surface area by 9%. A similar material system, the carbon binder domain (CBD) of a LiCoO2 battery cathode, was reconstructed for the first time thanks to ZnO-contrasting possibly ending the era of virtually created CBDs via stochastic-based reconstruction. The calculated porosity (57%), tortuosities and size distributions lead to two findings: first, the inhomogeneity of the CBD reduces electronic conductivity by up to 30%, and second, swelling of the PVDF binder (75 vol%) reduces ion transport in the pores of the CBD significantly. ZnO-contrasting is further used to compare a fuel cell microporous layer and catalyst layer, to demonstrate the pore space connectivity of carbon nanowalls synthesized by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition and to investigate the morphology of supercapacitor materials. Most likely ZnO-infiltration also aids to preserve the original structure of the sample during FIB-SEM tomography by increasing mechanical stability and thermal conductivity. Being the missing piece to reliably reconstruct large volumes ZnO-contrasting is believed to pave the way for industrial application of FIB-SEM nanotomography.<br>In the second part of the thesis the reasons for the increased power density of fuel cells fabricated with the in-house developed direct membrane deposition (DMD) are systematically investigated. The reasons for the increased power density were found to be a 50% reduction in ionic resistances of the polymer electrolyte membrane and mass transport resistance of the oxygen diffusion compared to conventio ...
- Document LIN Search class: ['elt'], ['che'], ['phy']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A168734406X.jsonld | Dynamic term structure modeling beyond the paradigm of absolute continuity | Abstract: This thesis is devoted to the study of term structure modeling in interest rate markets and defaultable term structure modeling in credit risk markets.<br><br>Post-crisis interest rate markets possess two main characteristics: multiple curves and discontinuities. While a lot of effort has been put in the study of the former, there is one crucial feature of discontinuities, which we will call stochastic. discontinuities, whose investigation seems to be lacking in the interest rate literature so far. This concept of discontinuities has recently been studied in a credit risk framework in Fontana and Schmidt (2018) and Gehmlich and Schmidt (2018). Stochastic discontinuities describe jumps in the underlying interest rates or processes depicting events occurring at announced dates but with a possibly unanticipated outcome. This type of events is clearly present in interest rates, as can be evidenced by jumps in the underlying rates in correspondence with meetings of the European Central Bank. We provide a general analysis of the term structure modeling of multiple curves with the presence of stochastic discontinuities and derive conditions to ensure absence of arbitrage. In particular, we provide an extended Heath-Jarrow-Morton formulation with semimartingales as driving processes. Beyond that, a general market model approach is investigated and some insightful examples in an affine framework are presented in order to show the potential of this approach. Bond prices are calibrated in a Vasi cek framework by means of machine learning techniques adapted to Gaussian processes.<br><br>In credit risk we are concerned with securities that are subject to default risk. We present a general analysis of the term structure modeling of defaultable bonds allowing for discontinuities. In particular, we derive conditions to ensure absence of arbitrage in the credit risky financial market in an extended Heath-Jarrow-Morton framework with semimartingales as driving processes. We provide a similar characterization for defaultable bonds with recovery | [
"['oek']",
"['mat']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Dynamic term structure modeling beyond the paradigm of absolute continuity
- Document Abstract: Abstract: This thesis is devoted to the study of term structure modeling in interest rate markets and defaultable term structure modeling in credit risk markets.<br><br>Post-crisis interest rate markets possess two main characteristics: multiple curves and discontinuities. While a lot of effort has been put in the study of the former, there is one crucial feature of discontinuities, which we will call stochastic. discontinuities, whose investigation seems to be lacking in the interest rate literature so far. This concept of discontinuities has recently been studied in a credit risk framework in Fontana and Schmidt (2018) and Gehmlich and Schmidt (2018). Stochastic discontinuities describe jumps in the underlying interest rates or processes depicting events occurring at announced dates but with a possibly unanticipated outcome. This type of events is clearly present in interest rates, as can be evidenced by jumps in the underlying rates in correspondence with meetings of the European Central Bank. We provide a general analysis of the term structure modeling of multiple curves with the presence of stochastic discontinuities and derive conditions to ensure absence of arbitrage. In particular, we provide an extended Heath-Jarrow-Morton formulation with semimartingales as driving processes. Beyond that, a general market model approach is investigated and some insightful examples in an affine framework are presented in order to show the potential of this approach. Bond prices are calibrated in a Vasi cek framework by means of machine learning techniques adapted to Gaussian processes.<br><br>In credit risk we are concerned with securities that are subject to default risk. We present a general analysis of the term structure modeling of defaultable bonds allowing for discontinuities. In particular, we derive conditions to ensure absence of arbitrage in the credit risky financial market in an extended Heath-Jarrow-Morton framework with semimartingales as driving processes. We provide a similar characterization for defaultable bonds with recovery
- Document LIN Search class: ['oek'], ['mat']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A1761782525.jsonld | Female social entrepreneurship : challenging boundaries and reframing gender and economic structures | The confluence of entrepreneurship, gender, sustainability and especially the social dimension is intricate and underestimated. This book analyses social entrepreneurship through a gender lens by portraying German female social entrepreneurs and their political, social and economic contexts. Within a descriptive qualitative research design, a secondary analysis of different dimensions of the social entrepreneurship system and twenty-five in-depth interviews with social entrepreneurs and experts were conducted. The author shows that this sector entails potential to re-do gender and reframe the economy, challenging norms and borders towards systemic change. Das Zusammenspiel von Unternehmertum, Gender, Nachhaltigkeit und insbesondere der sozialen Dimension ist komplex und unterschätzt. Diese Studie analysiert Social Entrepreneurship durch eine Gender-Linse und stellt deutsche Sozialunternehmerinnen und ihre politischen, sozialen und ökonomischen Kontexte dar. Im Rahmen eines deskriptiven qualitativen Forschungsdesigns wurden eine Sekundäranalyse verschiedener Dimensionen des Social Entrepreneurship-Systems und fünfundzwanzig Interviews durchgeführt. Die Autorin zeigt, dass dieser Sektor das Potenzial hat, Gender neu zu denken und die Wirtschaft neu zu gestalten, indem er Normen und Grenzen in Richtung eines systemischen Wandels herausfordert. | [
"['oek']",
"['pae']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Female social entrepreneurship : challenging boundaries and reframing gender and economic structures
- Document Abstract: The confluence of entrepreneurship, gender, sustainability and especially the social dimension is intricate and underestimated. This book analyses social entrepreneurship through a gender lens by portraying German female social entrepreneurs and their political, social and economic contexts. Within a descriptive qualitative research design, a secondary analysis of different dimensions of the social entrepreneurship system and twenty-five in-depth interviews with social entrepreneurs and experts were conducted. The author shows that this sector entails potential to re-do gender and reframe the economy, challenging norms and borders towards systemic change. Das Zusammenspiel von Unternehmertum, Gender, Nachhaltigkeit und insbesondere der sozialen Dimension ist komplex und unterschätzt. Diese Studie analysiert Social Entrepreneurship durch eine Gender-Linse und stellt deutsche Sozialunternehmerinnen und ihre politischen, sozialen und ökonomischen Kontexte dar. Im Rahmen eines deskriptiven qualitativen Forschungsdesigns wurden eine Sekundäranalyse verschiedener Dimensionen des Social Entrepreneurship-Systems und fünfundzwanzig Interviews durchgeführt. Die Autorin zeigt, dass dieser Sektor das Potenzial hat, Gender neu zu denken und die Wirtschaft neu zu gestalten, indem er Normen und Grenzen in Richtung eines systemischen Wandels herausfordert.
- Document LIN Search class: ['oek'], ['pae']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A1702144712.jsonld | Revision der Konkurrenzlehre : Unrechts- und Schulddivergenzen zwischen Ideal- und Realkonkurrenz | German criminal law distinguishes between cases where one single offender commits several separate punishable acts and cases in which one single (natural or legal) act violates several different provisions. The advantage given to perpetrators in the latter category demands justification that is measured against the principle of culpability. Mohamad El-Ghazi befasst sich mit der materiellen Konkurrenzlehre, insbesondere mit der im deutschen Strafrecht vorherrschenden Dichotomie zwischen Ideal- und Realkonkurrenz. Er hinterfragt sowohl die dogmengeschichtliche Herleitung dieser Figuren als auch die Berechtigung der hiermit verbundenen Konsequenzen bei der Rechtsfolgenzusammenführung. Wodurch ist es zu rechtfertigen, dass bei der Verwirklichung mehrerer Straftatbestände durch eine singuläre Handlung im konkurrenzrechtlichen Sinne das Absorptionsprinzip gilt, während bei mehreren Handlungen das Asperationsprinzip Platz greifen soll? Diese Differenzierung bedarf unter der Geltung des Schuld- und Gleichheitsgrundsatzes einer Rechtfertigung. Soweit ein Differenzierungsgrund benannt werden kann, muss die gesamte echte Konkurrenzlehre inhaltlich an diesem Grund ausgerichtet werden. | [
"['jur']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Revision der Konkurrenzlehre : Unrechts- und Schulddivergenzen zwischen Ideal- und Realkonkurrenz
- Document Abstract: German criminal law distinguishes between cases where one single offender commits several separate punishable acts and cases in which one single (natural or legal) act violates several different provisions. The advantage given to perpetrators in the latter category demands justification that is measured against the principle of culpability. Mohamad El-Ghazi befasst sich mit der materiellen Konkurrenzlehre, insbesondere mit der im deutschen Strafrecht vorherrschenden Dichotomie zwischen Ideal- und Realkonkurrenz. Er hinterfragt sowohl die dogmengeschichtliche Herleitung dieser Figuren als auch die Berechtigung der hiermit verbundenen Konsequenzen bei der Rechtsfolgenzusammenführung. Wodurch ist es zu rechtfertigen, dass bei der Verwirklichung mehrerer Straftatbestände durch eine singuläre Handlung im konkurrenzrechtlichen Sinne das Absorptionsprinzip gilt, während bei mehreren Handlungen das Asperationsprinzip Platz greifen soll? Diese Differenzierung bedarf unter der Geltung des Schuld- und Gleichheitsgrundsatzes einer Rechtfertigung. Soweit ein Differenzierungsgrund benannt werden kann, muss die gesamte echte Konkurrenzlehre inhaltlich an diesem Grund ausgerichtet werden.
- Document LIN Search class: ['jur']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A829759638.jsonld | Radiation characteristics of extreme UV and soft X-ray sources | Klappentext: Electromagnetic radiation in the extreme UV and soft x-ray spectral range is of steadily increasing importance in fundamental research and industrial applications. An optimum use of the available photons can only be achieved under condition of a comprehensive beam characterization. Following that goal, this work addresses the pathway of extreme UV and soft x-ray radiation from its generation, through the beam transport by the beamline to the probe position. Experimentally, those aspects are optimized at a laser-produced plasma source and at an arrangement for the generation of high-harmonics. Additionally, the coherence of laser beams is analyzed by measurements of the Wigner distribution function. This method is applied to the photon beam of the free-electron laser FLASH, resulting in the entire characterization of its propagation properties. | [
"['phy']",
"['mat']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Radiation characteristics of extreme UV and soft X-ray sources
- Document Abstract: Klappentext: Electromagnetic radiation in the extreme UV and soft x-ray spectral range is of steadily increasing importance in fundamental research and industrial applications. An optimum use of the available photons can only be achieved under condition of a comprehensive beam characterization. Following that goal, this work addresses the pathway of extreme UV and soft x-ray radiation from its generation, through the beam transport by the beamline to the probe position. Experimentally, those aspects are optimized at a laser-produced plasma source and at an arrangement for the generation of high-harmonics. Additionally, the coherence of laser beams is analyzed by measurements of the Wigner distribution function. This method is applied to the photon beam of the free-electron laser FLASH, resulting in the entire characterization of its propagation properties.
- Document LIN Search class: ['phy'], ['mat']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A1814874062.jsonld | Verfahrensdokumente aus Kartellverwaltungsverfahren im Kartellschadenersatzprozess : die Wettbewerbsbehörde als Schaltstelle zwischen wirksamem Rechtsschutz und wirksamer Rechtsdurchsetzung : eine Untersuchung des EU- und schweizerischen Rechts | The thesis examines possible access routes to documents of the European Commission and the Swiss Competition Commission. At the heart of the thesis lies the question of whether the design and handling by the authorities of the access routes is in line with the aim of actions seeking compensation for cartel damages. To this end, the aim of these actions is explored and different access routes are examined. Finally, the access routes are analysed in regard to which extent the aim of these actions is actually met. The results then form subject of a legislative proposal that takes into account the aim of actions for cartel damages as well as the need for an effective public enforcement. Die Arbeit untersucht mögliche Zugangsrouten zu Verfahrensdokumenten der Europäischen Kommission und der schweizerischen Wettbewerbskommission. Kern der Arbeit ist die Frage, ob die Ausgestaltung der Zugangsmöglichkeiten und deren Handhabe seitens der Wettbewerbsbehörden dem Zweck des Kartellschadenersatzes gerecht wird. Um diese Frage zu beantworten, wird der Zweck des Kartellschadenersatzes erörtert. Hiernach werden verschiedene Zugangsrouten erkundet und auf ihre Zweckdienlichkeit hin untersucht. Die Untersuchungsergebnisse bilden sodann Gegenstand legislatorischer Anpassungsvorschläge, die den Zweck des Kartellschadenersatzes gleichermaßen wie das Bedürfnis nach einer wirksamen öffentlichen Durchsetzung berücksichtigen. | [
"['jur']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Verfahrensdokumente aus Kartellverwaltungsverfahren im Kartellschadenersatzprozess : die Wettbewerbsbehörde als Schaltstelle zwischen wirksamem Rechtsschutz und wirksamer Rechtsdurchsetzung : eine Untersuchung des EU- und schweizerischen Rechts
- Document Abstract: The thesis examines possible access routes to documents of the European Commission and the Swiss Competition Commission. At the heart of the thesis lies the question of whether the design and handling by the authorities of the access routes is in line with the aim of actions seeking compensation for cartel damages. To this end, the aim of these actions is explored and different access routes are examined. Finally, the access routes are analysed in regard to which extent the aim of these actions is actually met. The results then form subject of a legislative proposal that takes into account the aim of actions for cartel damages as well as the need for an effective public enforcement. Die Arbeit untersucht mögliche Zugangsrouten zu Verfahrensdokumenten der Europäischen Kommission und der schweizerischen Wettbewerbskommission. Kern der Arbeit ist die Frage, ob die Ausgestaltung der Zugangsmöglichkeiten und deren Handhabe seitens der Wettbewerbsbehörden dem Zweck des Kartellschadenersatzes gerecht wird. Um diese Frage zu beantworten, wird der Zweck des Kartellschadenersatzes erörtert. Hiernach werden verschiedene Zugangsrouten erkundet und auf ihre Zweckdienlichkeit hin untersucht. Die Untersuchungsergebnisse bilden sodann Gegenstand legislatorischer Anpassungsvorschläge, die den Zweck des Kartellschadenersatzes gleichermaßen wie das Bedürfnis nach einer wirksamen öffentlichen Durchsetzung berücksichtigen.
- Document LIN Search class: ['jur']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A127275312.jsonld | An econometric analysis of individual unemployment duration in West Germany : with 23 Figures | Klappentext: In contemporary labor economics increasing attention is paid to the fact that unemployment is not only a stock but also a flow phenomenon. The present micro-econometric study analyses the impact of important socio-economic characteristics on unemployment duration in West Germany. Based on a search theoretic framework unemployment duration is considered as a stochastic process whose evolution is influenced by economicand demographic variables like unemployment benefits, expected wage offers, training and age. This is modeled by application of the concept of the hazard rate which denotes the conditional exit rate from unemployment over time given elapsed unemployment duration. Contrasting more traditional models a semi-parametric approachis chosen which reduces the danger of mis-specification of the stochastic duration process. This procedure also is particularly suitable for the analysis of grouped observations on unemployment duration typically generated by longitudinal data sets as the German "Socio-Economic Panel" which is utilized for this study. Besides deriving a set of empirical results on unemployment duration in West Germanymethodological issues of duration analysis are considered with particular attention paid to the impact of the sample design. Also, important outcomes from search theory and findings from other hazard rate analysesare surveyed. | [
"['oek']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: An econometric analysis of individual unemployment duration in West Germany : with 23 Figures
- Document Abstract: Klappentext: In contemporary labor economics increasing attention is paid to the fact that unemployment is not only a stock but also a flow phenomenon. The present micro-econometric study analyses the impact of important socio-economic characteristics on unemployment duration in West Germany. Based on a search theoretic framework unemployment duration is considered as a stochastic process whose evolution is influenced by economicand demographic variables like unemployment benefits, expected wage offers, training and age. This is modeled by application of the concept of the hazard rate which denotes the conditional exit rate from unemployment over time given elapsed unemployment duration. Contrasting more traditional models a semi-parametric approachis chosen which reduces the danger of mis-specification of the stochastic duration process. This procedure also is particularly suitable for the analysis of grouped observations on unemployment duration typically generated by longitudinal data sets as the German "Socio-Economic Panel" which is utilized for this study. Besides deriving a set of empirical results on unemployment duration in West Germanymethodological issues of duration analysis are considered with particular attention paid to the impact of the sample design. Also, important outcomes from search theory and findings from other hazard rate analysesare surveyed.
- Document LIN Search class: ['oek']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A717749355.jsonld | Assembly of the light-harvesting chlorophyll antenna in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii requires expression of the CpFTSY and CpSRP43 genes | Photosynthesis, light-harvesting antenna, chloroplast signal recognition pathway. - Photosynthese, Lichsammelantenne, Chloroplast-signal-recognition Weg | [
"['bio']",
"['che']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Assembly of the light-harvesting chlorophyll antenna in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii requires expression of the CpFTSY and CpSRP43 genes
- Document Abstract: Photosynthesis, light-harvesting antenna, chloroplast signal recognition pathway. - Photosynthese, Lichsammelantenne, Chloroplast-signal-recognition Weg
- Document LIN Search class: ['bio'], ['che']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A617301573.jsonld | Epiphytic bryophytes in natural forests and cacao agroforests of Central Sulawesi, Indonesia | This dissertation consists of several studies on the epiphytic bryophyte flora in natural forest sites and shaded cacao agroforests in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Agroforests can harbor high levels of biodiversity and therefore function as important tool in tropical biodiversity conservation. However, management intensification results in changes in the microclimate that can threaten native forest flora and fauna. Moreover, management practices still include the removal of species-rich epiphytic layers, a labor-intensive practice carried out because epiphytes are believed to impede cacao productivity. To evaluate biodiversity patterns of epiphytic bryophytes, species richness, composition, distribution and ecology (based on life-formsʺ) were studied and related to microclimate changes. The bryophyte species richness in the study sites was remarkably high and was highest in the inner crowns of forest canopy trees ... | [
"['hor']",
"['geo']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Epiphytic bryophytes in natural forests and cacao agroforests of Central Sulawesi, Indonesia
- Document Abstract: This dissertation consists of several studies on the epiphytic bryophyte flora in natural forest sites and shaded cacao agroforests in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Agroforests can harbor high levels of biodiversity and therefore function as important tool in tropical biodiversity conservation. However, management intensification results in changes in the microclimate that can threaten native forest flora and fauna. Moreover, management practices still include the removal of species-rich epiphytic layers, a labor-intensive practice carried out because epiphytes are believed to impede cacao productivity. To evaluate biodiversity patterns of epiphytic bryophytes, species richness, composition, distribution and ecology (based on life-formsʺ) were studied and related to microclimate changes. The bryophyte species richness in the study sites was remarkably high and was highest in the inner crowns of forest canopy trees ...
- Document LIN Search class: ['hor'], ['geo']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A1827175680.jsonld | African swine fever in wild boar : evaluation of its epidemiology, surveillance and control integrating participatory epidemiology | African swine fever (ASF) has been a concern for 100 years. However, after the disease reached Georgia in 2007 and spread rapidly, researchers worldwide became even more interested. The role of wild boar in the current epidemic is prominent. The epidemiology of ASF in wild boar was therefore examined in detail and existing knowledge gaps closed. The enclosed participatory studies with hunters helped to identify starting points whose inclusion could help to improve ASF surveillance, make it more effective and thus increase the chance of its successful application.<eng> Die Afrikanische Schweinepest (ASP) ist bereits seit 100 Jahren ein Problem. Nachdem die Seuche 2007 Georgien erreichte und sich rasch ausbreitete, wurde das Interesse der Forscher weltweit noch größer. Die Rolle der Wildschweine bei der aktuellen Epidemie ist von großer Bedeutung. Die Epidemiologie der ASP bei Wildschweinen wurde eingehend untersucht und bestehende Wissenslücken geschlossen. Partizipative Studien mit Jägern halfen, Ansatzpunkte zu identifizieren, um die ASP-Überwachung zu verbessern, sie effektiver zu gestalten und damit die Chance auf eine erfolgreiche Anwendung zu erhöhen.<ger> | [
"['rest']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: African swine fever in wild boar : evaluation of its epidemiology, surveillance and control integrating participatory epidemiology
- Document Abstract: African swine fever (ASF) has been a concern for 100 years. However, after the disease reached Georgia in 2007 and spread rapidly, researchers worldwide became even more interested. The role of wild boar in the current epidemic is prominent. The epidemiology of ASF in wild boar was therefore examined in detail and existing knowledge gaps closed. The enclosed participatory studies with hunters helped to identify starting points whose inclusion could help to improve ASF surveillance, make it more effective and thus increase the chance of its successful application.<eng> Die Afrikanische Schweinepest (ASP) ist bereits seit 100 Jahren ein Problem. Nachdem die Seuche 2007 Georgien erreichte und sich rasch ausbreitete, wurde das Interesse der Forscher weltweit noch größer. Die Rolle der Wildschweine bei der aktuellen Epidemie ist von großer Bedeutung. Die Epidemiologie der ASP bei Wildschweinen wurde eingehend untersucht und bestehende Wissenslücken geschlossen. Partizipative Studien mit Jägern halfen, Ansatzpunkte zu identifizieren, um die ASP-Überwachung zu verbessern, sie effektiver zu gestalten und damit die Chance auf eine erfolgreiche Anwendung zu erhöhen.<ger>
- Document LIN Search class: ['rest']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A768011310.jsonld | Essays on international migration and informal markets in developing countries | This thesis looks at two topics that have been prominent on the development agenda for more than five decades: migration and informal markets. To mitigate the problems of both migration and the informal sector, and harness their development potential, a clear understanding of the mechanisms at work is crucial. The thesis aims to contribute to such an understanding by examining several issues that have not been resolved. The first two essays focus on the relationship between international migration and household investments addressing the problem of brain drain and the use of remittances. Es... | [
"['oek']",
"['sow']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Essays on international migration and informal markets in developing countries
- Document Abstract: This thesis looks at two topics that have been prominent on the development agenda for more than five decades: migration and informal markets. To mitigate the problems of both migration and the informal sector, and harness their development potential, a clear understanding of the mechanisms at work is crucial. The thesis aims to contribute to such an understanding by examining several issues that have not been resolved. The first two essays focus on the relationship between international migration and household investments addressing the problem of brain drain and the use of remittances. Es...
- Document LIN Search class: ['oek'], ['sow']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A670607665.jsonld | Identification and characterization of defense related enzymes in Chrysomelina larvae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) : Contributions to understand the evolutionary and molecular dynamics of chemical defense in leaf beetles | Glandular chemical defense of Chrysomelina larvae is either, not (iridoids), in part, or completely dependent (salicylaldehyde) on host derived glucosides. After uptake of glucoside precursors into the glandular reservoir, deglucosylation and further modification to defensive compounds falls into line. In case of iridoid and salicylaldehyde formation deglucosylation is followed by a common oxidation step, which led to assume a single origin of the oxidases in those species. Salicylaldehyde producers Chrysomela spp. and P. vitellinae are adapted to sequester the phytogenic precursor salicin and therefore are restricted to feed on salicaceous hosts. Whereas this host plant specialization may have favored salicin-based defense and stabilized salicyl alcohol oxidase (SAO) activity in Chrysomelina, shift to Betulaceae within the genus Chrysomela negatively affected the fate of salicylaldehyde formation. SAO transcripts and genes have been identified in C. lapponica and P. vitellinae. Additionally, SAO related sequences were found in iridoid producing species. But the corresponding protein in the defensive secretion and its specific SAO activity verified after heterologous expression followed by in vitro enzyme assays are only present in salicylaldehyde producers... | [
"['bio']",
"['che']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Identification and characterization of defense related enzymes in Chrysomelina larvae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) : Contributions to understand the evolutionary and molecular dynamics of chemical defense in leaf beetles
- Document Abstract: Glandular chemical defense of Chrysomelina larvae is either, not (iridoids), in part, or completely dependent (salicylaldehyde) on host derived glucosides. After uptake of glucoside precursors into the glandular reservoir, deglucosylation and further modification to defensive compounds falls into line. In case of iridoid and salicylaldehyde formation deglucosylation is followed by a common oxidation step, which led to assume a single origin of the oxidases in those species. Salicylaldehyde producers Chrysomela spp. and P. vitellinae are adapted to sequester the phytogenic precursor salicin and therefore are restricted to feed on salicaceous hosts. Whereas this host plant specialization may have favored salicin-based defense and stabilized salicyl alcohol oxidase (SAO) activity in Chrysomelina, shift to Betulaceae within the genus Chrysomela negatively affected the fate of salicylaldehyde formation. SAO transcripts and genes have been identified in C. lapponica and P. vitellinae. Additionally, SAO related sequences were found in iridoid producing species. But the corresponding protein in the defensive secretion and its specific SAO activity verified after heterologous expression followed by in vitro enzyme assays are only present in salicylaldehyde producers...
- Document LIN Search class: ['bio'], ['che']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A1737889218.jsonld | Erfolgsfaktoren im Online-Fundraising : eine empirische Analyse | This doctoral thesis examines critical success factors in in digital fundraising by means of an indirect-quantitative-confirmative and in part explorative study. The hypotheses on critical success factors in digital fundraising are statistically tested using the methodology of partial least-squares structural equation modelling (PLS), which is rapidly gaining relevance in the economic and social sciences. This work provides small and large Non-Profit-Organisations with recommendations for the implementation of digital fundraising. Die vorliegende Arbeit widmet sich der bislang nicht empirisch erforschten Frage nach den Erfolgsfaktoren im Online-Fundraising von Non-Profit-Organisationen über eine indirekt-quantitativ-konfirmatorische und in Teilen auch explorative Untersuchung. Hypothesen zu Erfolgsfaktoren im Online-Fundraising werden über die Methodik der im wirtschafts- und sozialwissenschaftlichen Kontext zunehmend an Relevanz gewinnenden Methodik der Partial-Least-Squares-Strukturgleichungsmodellierung (PLS) statistisch geprüft, um kleinen wie großen Non-Profit-Organisationen praktisch-normative Handlungsempfehlungen zur Ausgestaltung des Online-Fundraisings zu geben. | [
"['oek']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Erfolgsfaktoren im Online-Fundraising : eine empirische Analyse
- Document Abstract: This doctoral thesis examines critical success factors in in digital fundraising by means of an indirect-quantitative-confirmative and in part explorative study. The hypotheses on critical success factors in digital fundraising are statistically tested using the methodology of partial least-squares structural equation modelling (PLS), which is rapidly gaining relevance in the economic and social sciences. This work provides small and large Non-Profit-Organisations with recommendations for the implementation of digital fundraising. Die vorliegende Arbeit widmet sich der bislang nicht empirisch erforschten Frage nach den Erfolgsfaktoren im Online-Fundraising von Non-Profit-Organisationen über eine indirekt-quantitativ-konfirmatorische und in Teilen auch explorative Untersuchung. Hypothesen zu Erfolgsfaktoren im Online-Fundraising werden über die Methodik der im wirtschafts- und sozialwissenschaftlichen Kontext zunehmend an Relevanz gewinnenden Methodik der Partial-Least-Squares-Strukturgleichungsmodellierung (PLS) statistisch geprüft, um kleinen wie großen Non-Profit-Organisationen praktisch-normative Handlungsempfehlungen zur Ausgestaltung des Online-Fundraisings zu geben.
- Document LIN Search class: ['oek']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A864284810.jsonld | Drei-Kammer-Shuttle PCR für polymerbasierte, druckgetriebene Lab-on-a-Chip Systeme | Zusammenfassung: In this paper two central fields of application are presented. On the one hand a three chamber shuttle based PCR concept is shown and characterized, which offers the possibility for an implementation of multiplex PCR Assays on lab on a chip (LoC) platforms in less than 30.minutes. On the other hand novel laser based production technologies for assembling complex microfluidic platforms, currently under development at Robert Bosch GmbH, are presented.First area of application is located in the field of the development of platform technology, based on polymer materials polycarbonate (PC) and polyurethane (TPU). The domain for LoCs is located in industrial products, so requirements like unit costs, costs of production, time of production referred to mass production have to be fulfilled. Main task is to realize complex, pneumatically forced microfluidic systems in harsh environment. Multifactorial requirements for the laser based assembling process are defined by the PCR concept, which is presented in this work as well. The challenge is to ensure temperature- and pressure stability of the laser welded area (<500.μm diameter) by fulfilling a process time less one hour | [
"['phy']",
"['mas']",
"['tec']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Drei-Kammer-Shuttle PCR für polymerbasierte, druckgetriebene Lab-on-a-Chip Systeme
- Document Abstract: Zusammenfassung: In this paper two central fields of application are presented. On the one hand a three chamber shuttle based PCR concept is shown and characterized, which offers the possibility for an implementation of multiplex PCR Assays on lab on a chip (LoC) platforms in less than 30.minutes. On the other hand novel laser based production technologies for assembling complex microfluidic platforms, currently under development at Robert Bosch GmbH, are presented.First area of application is located in the field of the development of platform technology, based on polymer materials polycarbonate (PC) and polyurethane (TPU). The domain for LoCs is located in industrial products, so requirements like unit costs, costs of production, time of production referred to mass production have to be fulfilled. Main task is to realize complex, pneumatically forced microfluidic systems in harsh environment. Multifactorial requirements for the laser based assembling process are defined by the PCR concept, which is presented in this work as well. The challenge is to ensure temperature- and pressure stability of the laser welded area (<500.μm diameter) by fulfilling a process time less one hour
- Document LIN Search class: ['phy'], ['mas'], ['tec']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A750586397.jsonld | Globaler Institutionenwandel und nachhaltige globale öffentliche Gütersicherung : ausgewählte globale institutionelle Arrangements im Vergleich und globale Förderinstrumentempfehlung für grünen Energietechnologiewandel beispielsweise in Nigeria | Considering the nonexcludable and nonrival nature of the benefits of global public goods stretching intergenerationally across population groups und transnational borders it becomes logically inevitable to safeguard them through global institutional arrangements. One of the maxims of institutional economics states: institution counts. From the perspective of Wicksell-Virginia-School of institutional economics (Public Choice and Constitutional Political Economy) this scientific work enquires further by posing the question if all global institutional arrangements automatically lead to sustain... Angesichts der länder-, generationen-und bevölkerungsübergreifenden Nichtrivalität und Nichtaussch-ließbarkeit des Konsums finaler globaler öffentlicher Güter erweist sich deren nachhaltige Sicherung durch globale Institutionen (Regelwerke) als unabdingbar. Institution zählt:So lautet eine der Maximen der Institutionenökonomik. Aus Gesichtpunkt der Wicksell-Virginia-Schule der Neuen Politischen Ökonomik, einer der Ansätze der Neuen Institutionenökonomik, wird im Rahmen der vorliegenden Arbeit anschließend tiefer und weiter gefragt, ob alle Veränderungen der globalen institutionellen Arrange... | [
"['oek']",
"['sow']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Globaler Institutionenwandel und nachhaltige globale öffentliche Gütersicherung : ausgewählte globale institutionelle Arrangements im Vergleich und globale Förderinstrumentempfehlung für grünen Energietechnologiewandel beispielsweise in Nigeria
- Document Abstract: Considering the nonexcludable and nonrival nature of the benefits of global public goods stretching intergenerationally across population groups und transnational borders it becomes logically inevitable to safeguard them through global institutional arrangements. One of the maxims of institutional economics states: institution counts. From the perspective of Wicksell-Virginia-School of institutional economics (Public Choice and Constitutional Political Economy) this scientific work enquires further by posing the question if all global institutional arrangements automatically lead to sustain... Angesichts der länder-, generationen-und bevölkerungsübergreifenden Nichtrivalität und Nichtaussch-ließbarkeit des Konsums finaler globaler öffentlicher Güter erweist sich deren nachhaltige Sicherung durch globale Institutionen (Regelwerke) als unabdingbar. Institution zählt:So lautet eine der Maximen der Institutionenökonomik. Aus Gesichtpunkt der Wicksell-Virginia-Schule der Neuen Politischen Ökonomik, einer der Ansätze der Neuen Institutionenökonomik, wird im Rahmen der vorliegenden Arbeit anschließend tiefer und weiter gefragt, ob alle Veränderungen der globalen institutionellen Arrange...
- Document LIN Search class: ['oek'], ['sow']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A1820186881.jsonld | A New Kirchhoff-Love Beam Element and its application to polymer mechanics | Introduction -- Modeling of slender bodies -- Finite-element formulation of slender bodies modeled by geometrically exact beams -- Modeling the mechanics of single polymer chains in the fi nite-element framework -- Conclusion. The novel finite element formulations fall into the category of geometrically exact Kirchhoff-Love beams. A prominent characteristic of this category is that the absence of shear deformation is strongly enforced by removing two degrees of freedom. Further, the corresponding beam theories exhibit not only translational but also rotational degrees of freedom and their configurations thus form a non-additive and non-commutative space. Sophisticated interpolation schemes are required that need to be tested not only for locking, spatial convergence behavior, and energy conservation, but also for observer invariance and path-independence. For the three novel beam element formulations all these properties are analytically and numerically studied and confirmed, if applicable. Two different rotation parameterization strategies are employed based on the well-known geodesic interpolation used in many Simo-Reissner beams and the lesser known split into the so-called smallest rotation and a torsional part. Application of the former parameterization results in a mixed finite element formulation intrinsically free of locking phenomena. Additionally, the first geometrically exact Kirchhoff-Love beam element is presented, which strongly enforces inextensibility by removing another degree of freedom. Furthermore, the numerical efficiency of the new beam formulations is compared to other beam elements that allow for or suppress shear deformation. When modeling very slender beams, the new elements offer distinct numerical advantages. | [
"['mat']",
"['phy']",
"['tec']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: A New Kirchhoff-Love Beam Element and its application to polymer mechanics
- Document Abstract: Introduction -- Modeling of slender bodies -- Finite-element formulation of slender bodies modeled by geometrically exact beams -- Modeling the mechanics of single polymer chains in the fi nite-element framework -- Conclusion. The novel finite element formulations fall into the category of geometrically exact Kirchhoff-Love beams. A prominent characteristic of this category is that the absence of shear deformation is strongly enforced by removing two degrees of freedom. Further, the corresponding beam theories exhibit not only translational but also rotational degrees of freedom and their configurations thus form a non-additive and non-commutative space. Sophisticated interpolation schemes are required that need to be tested not only for locking, spatial convergence behavior, and energy conservation, but also for observer invariance and path-independence. For the three novel beam element formulations all these properties are analytically and numerically studied and confirmed, if applicable. Two different rotation parameterization strategies are employed based on the well-known geodesic interpolation used in many Simo-Reissner beams and the lesser known split into the so-called smallest rotation and a torsional part. Application of the former parameterization results in a mixed finite element formulation intrinsically free of locking phenomena. Additionally, the first geometrically exact Kirchhoff-Love beam element is presented, which strongly enforces inextensibility by removing another degree of freedom. Furthermore, the numerical efficiency of the new beam formulations is compared to other beam elements that allow for or suppress shear deformation. When modeling very slender beams, the new elements offer distinct numerical advantages.
- Document LIN Search class: ['mat'], ['phy'], ['tec']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A889299102.jsonld | Jura für Betriebswirte : didaktische Analyse und Gestaltungsideen für einen kompetenzorientierten Lehrplan | What are the essential legal skills for business economists? For the first time, research focusing on curricular development in the German higher education system, including not only content but also task-orientated skills, has been done in this field. This study encourages lecturers teaching law to economics students and lecturers in other disciplines interested in curricular development to develop their own ideas on task-orientated teaching at university level. „Was sollten Betriebswirte in Jura können?“ Umgangssprachlich formuliert war diese Frage leitend für eine wissenschaftliche Auseinandersetzung mit Jura im betriebswirtschaftlichen Studium. Drei Ergebnisse wurden generiert: Eine Aufbereitung des Status Quo, Gestaltungsideen für einen kompetenzorientierten Lehrplan sowie Erkenntnisse zur kompetenzorientierten Curriculumentwicklung an Hochschulen. Die Kompetenzorientierung bezieht sich auf die Anwendung des Gelernten im Beruf, aber auch auf die formale Umsetzung in Modulhandbüchern als universitäre Lehrpläne. So werden in diesen Bereichen Forschungslücken für akkreditierte Bachelor-Studiengänge angegangen. Die wirtschaftspädagogische Dissertation bietet jedoch vor allem Anlass zur Auseinandersetzung mit der Materie. Dozenten, die Recht bei Wirtschaftswissenschaftlern unterrichten, und Lehrplanentwickler im Allgemeinen werden ermutigt, mithilfe der Forschungsergebnisse eigene Ideen zur kompetenzorientierten Lehre zu entwickeln. | [
"['jur']",
"['pae']",
"['oek']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Jura für Betriebswirte : didaktische Analyse und Gestaltungsideen für einen kompetenzorientierten Lehrplan
- Document Abstract: What are the essential legal skills for business economists? For the first time, research focusing on curricular development in the German higher education system, including not only content but also task-orientated skills, has been done in this field. This study encourages lecturers teaching law to economics students and lecturers in other disciplines interested in curricular development to develop their own ideas on task-orientated teaching at university level. „Was sollten Betriebswirte in Jura können?“ Umgangssprachlich formuliert war diese Frage leitend für eine wissenschaftliche Auseinandersetzung mit Jura im betriebswirtschaftlichen Studium. Drei Ergebnisse wurden generiert: Eine Aufbereitung des Status Quo, Gestaltungsideen für einen kompetenzorientierten Lehrplan sowie Erkenntnisse zur kompetenzorientierten Curriculumentwicklung an Hochschulen. Die Kompetenzorientierung bezieht sich auf die Anwendung des Gelernten im Beruf, aber auch auf die formale Umsetzung in Modulhandbüchern als universitäre Lehrpläne. So werden in diesen Bereichen Forschungslücken für akkreditierte Bachelor-Studiengänge angegangen. Die wirtschaftspädagogische Dissertation bietet jedoch vor allem Anlass zur Auseinandersetzung mit der Materie. Dozenten, die Recht bei Wirtschaftswissenschaftlern unterrichten, und Lehrplanentwickler im Allgemeinen werden ermutigt, mithilfe der Forschungsergebnisse eigene Ideen zur kompetenzorientierten Lehre zu entwickeln.
- Document LIN Search class: ['jur'], ['pae'], ['oek']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A643425675.jsonld | Iron-catalyzed C-N bond formations | This thesis is mainly concerned with the development and application of iron-catalyzed reactions for the synthesis of nitrogen-containing organic compounds. Oximes were synthesized by a novel iron-catalyzed nitrosation of olefins with tert-butyl nitrite and sodium borohydride. Succinimides and maleimides were prepared by employing an iron-catalyzed carbonylation of internal alkynes with ammonia as a key step. This efficient method was applied for the synthesis of natural products and interesting organic building blocks. | [
"['che']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Iron-catalyzed C-N bond formations
- Document Abstract: This thesis is mainly concerned with the development and application of iron-catalyzed reactions for the synthesis of nitrogen-containing organic compounds. Oximes were synthesized by a novel iron-catalyzed nitrosation of olefins with tert-butyl nitrite and sodium borohydride. Succinimides and maleimides were prepared by employing an iron-catalyzed carbonylation of internal alkynes with ammonia as a key step. This efficient method was applied for the synthesis of natural products and interesting organic building blocks.
- Document LIN Search class: ['che']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A830205691.jsonld | Experimental analysis of successes and failures in prosocial and ethical behavior | Pro-social and ethical behavior primarily understood as the ability to sacrifice one’s own interest to the benefit of others leads to welfare improvements and social progress, whereas anti-social and unethical actions result in irrevocable welfare losses and destruction. This dissertation includes three independent laboratory experiments that investigate specific factors behind people’s ethicality and prosociality. The research framework of the thesis is based on the moral psychology theories of self-image maintenance. The key idea of this approach is that people strive to maintain a positive self-image of themselves and use situational excuses to pursue a self-interest action they would otherwise consider inappropriate. In this respect, pro-social preferences are context dependent. The main emphasis of the experiments included in the thesis is on the dynamic nature of pro-social and ethical behavior, where one choice is studied in the context of another morally relevant action. Thus, the preferences to behave pro-socially are shown to be not only context but also path dependent. The thesis discusses the circumstances under which in the sequence of morally relevant choices consistent vs. balancing behavior emerges and seeks to provide empirical support for this discussion. The specific research questions addressed in the dissertation are as follows: is people´s willingness to donate affected by the ex-post information about the true need of the recipient? Are people that have been engaged in lying trying to compensate their wrongdoing afterwards by sharing more in the dictator game? To what extent the compensatory behavior is affected by the indirectness (delegation) of lying? Do participants with different mind-sets (outcome-based vs. rule based) account their previous ethical actions differently? The main findings of the dissertation corroborate the self-image maintenance paradigm. Participants who choose not to disclose the true need of the recipient shared significantly less, i.e. the ex-post blindness serves as an excuse for selfishness. Delegation of choice increases the incidence of lying, however, participants who delegate share more in the dictator game, i.e., they strive to compensate more than direct liars. Participants with rule-based mind-set (those who consider it inappropriate to sacrifice one person life to save five people in the trolley-dilemma task) and not the outcome-based participants react to examples of the unethical behavior of others by reducing their donations. The conclusion section of the dissertation outlines the areas for future research: the interplay of responsibility behind the action and the tendency to balance or compensate for it; the role of information acquisition in emotion-driven reciprocal behavior in social interactions; the effect of the moral account (previous un-ethical actions) on the social evaluation of the actors’ behavior. | [
"['sow']",
"['pae']",
"['oek']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Experimental analysis of successes and failures in prosocial and ethical behavior
- Document Abstract: Pro-social and ethical behavior primarily understood as the ability to sacrifice one’s own interest to the benefit of others leads to welfare improvements and social progress, whereas anti-social and unethical actions result in irrevocable welfare losses and destruction. This dissertation includes three independent laboratory experiments that investigate specific factors behind people’s ethicality and prosociality. The research framework of the thesis is based on the moral psychology theories of self-image maintenance. The key idea of this approach is that people strive to maintain a positive self-image of themselves and use situational excuses to pursue a self-interest action they would otherwise consider inappropriate. In this respect, pro-social preferences are context dependent. The main emphasis of the experiments included in the thesis is on the dynamic nature of pro-social and ethical behavior, where one choice is studied in the context of another morally relevant action. Thus, the preferences to behave pro-socially are shown to be not only context but also path dependent. The thesis discusses the circumstances under which in the sequence of morally relevant choices consistent vs. balancing behavior emerges and seeks to provide empirical support for this discussion. The specific research questions addressed in the dissertation are as follows: is people´s willingness to donate affected by the ex-post information about the true need of the recipient? Are people that have been engaged in lying trying to compensate their wrongdoing afterwards by sharing more in the dictator game? To what extent the compensatory behavior is affected by the indirectness (delegation) of lying? Do participants with different mind-sets (outcome-based vs. rule based) account their previous ethical actions differently? The main findings of the dissertation corroborate the self-image maintenance paradigm. Participants who choose not to disclose the true need of the recipient shared significantly less, i.e. the ex-post blindness serves as an excuse for selfishness. Delegation of choice increases the incidence of lying, however, participants who delegate share more in the dictator game, i.e., they strive to compensate more than direct liars. Participants with rule-based mind-set (those who consider it inappropriate to sacrifice one person life to save five people in the trolley-dilemma task) and not the outcome-based participants react to examples of the unethical behavior of others by reducing their donations. The conclusion section of the dissertation outlines the areas for future research: the interplay of responsibility behind the action and the tendency to balance or compensate for it; the role of information acquisition in emotion-driven reciprocal behavior in social interactions; the effect of the moral account (previous un-ethical actions) on the social evaluation of the actors’ behavior.
- Document LIN Search class: ['sow'], ['pae'], ['oek']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A749171820.jsonld | Utilizing Problem Structure in Planning : A Local Search Approach | Planning is a crucial skill for any autonomous agent, be it a physically embedded agent, such as a robot, or a purely simulated software agent. For this reason, planning, as a central research area of artificial intelligence from its beginnings, has gained even more attention and importance recently. After giving a general introduction to AI planning, the book describes and carefully evaluates the algorithmic techniques used in fast-forward planning systems (FF), demonstrating their excellent performance in many wellknown benchmark domains. In advance, an original and detailed investigation identifies the main patterns of structure which cause the performance of FF, categorizing planning domains in a taxonomy of different classes with respect to their aptitude for being solved by heuristic approaches, such as FF. As shown, the majority of the planning benchmark domains lie in classes which are easy to solve | [
"['inf']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Utilizing Problem Structure in Planning : A Local Search Approach
- Document Abstract: Planning is a crucial skill for any autonomous agent, be it a physically embedded agent, such as a robot, or a purely simulated software agent. For this reason, planning, as a central research area of artificial intelligence from its beginnings, has gained even more attention and importance recently. After giving a general introduction to AI planning, the book describes and carefully evaluates the algorithmic techniques used in fast-forward planning systems (FF), demonstrating their excellent performance in many wellknown benchmark domains. In advance, an original and detailed investigation identifies the main patterns of structure which cause the performance of FF, categorizing planning domains in a taxonomy of different classes with respect to their aptitude for being solved by heuristic approaches, such as FF. As shown, the majority of the planning benchmark domains lie in classes which are easy to solve
- Document LIN Search class: ['inf']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A877304084.jsonld | Die Konstruktion von Reputation : Verweise auf Ferdinand de Saussure in der romanistischen Sprachwissenschaft | How do linguists become famous? Or are they made famous by others? This volume sheds light on strategies of the construction of reputation by way of the discourses on Ferdinand de Saussure in linguistics and romance studies Die Berühmtheit eines Wissenschaftlers lässt sich nicht ausschließlich an der Anzahl der auf seine Werke getätigten Verweise ermessen. Auch die Vernachlässigung der Vollständigkeit eines Verweises auf den Urheber einer als grundlegend wahrgenommenen Idee stellt eine - wenn nicht gar die intensivste - Form der Anerkennung dar.Julia Richter ermittelt, mit welchen Strategien wissenschaftliches Prestige erzeugt wird. Im Zentrum ihrer Analyse stehen die Verweise auf Ferdinand de Saussure im Diskurs der romanistischen Linguistik.Die Studie entwickelt sogleich eine diskursanalytische Methode, die geeignet ist, Verweise in wissenschaftlichen Texten auf ihr Potential hin zu untersuchen, bestimmte Akteure des Diskurses aufzuzeigen und die Beziehungen zwischen diesen Diskursakteuren darzustellen | [
"['lit']",
"['lin']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Die Konstruktion von Reputation : Verweise auf Ferdinand de Saussure in der romanistischen Sprachwissenschaft
- Document Abstract: How do linguists become famous? Or are they made famous by others? This volume sheds light on strategies of the construction of reputation by way of the discourses on Ferdinand de Saussure in linguistics and romance studies Die Berühmtheit eines Wissenschaftlers lässt sich nicht ausschließlich an der Anzahl der auf seine Werke getätigten Verweise ermessen. Auch die Vernachlässigung der Vollständigkeit eines Verweises auf den Urheber einer als grundlegend wahrgenommenen Idee stellt eine - wenn nicht gar die intensivste - Form der Anerkennung dar.Julia Richter ermittelt, mit welchen Strategien wissenschaftliches Prestige erzeugt wird. Im Zentrum ihrer Analyse stehen die Verweise auf Ferdinand de Saussure im Diskurs der romanistischen Linguistik.Die Studie entwickelt sogleich eine diskursanalytische Methode, die geeignet ist, Verweise in wissenschaftlichen Texten auf ihr Potential hin zu untersuchen, bestimmte Akteure des Diskurses aufzuzeigen und die Beziehungen zwischen diesen Diskursakteuren darzustellen
- Document LIN Search class: ['lit'], ['lin']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A1760558281.jsonld | The creation of the postwar Austrian nation | The thesis confronts the case of Austrian nation formation with nation-formation theories. The thesis shows the policies of nation formation such as creating traditions and constructing narratives in school textbooks. Another subject is the discourse analysis of Austrian historiography. The sources are then confronted with nation formation theories of E. Hobsbawm, T. Anderson, M. Hroch, M. Budyta-Budzyńska and other.<eng> | [
"['his']",
"['sow']",
"['jur']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: The creation of the postwar Austrian nation
- Document Abstract: The thesis confronts the case of Austrian nation formation with nation-formation theories. The thesis shows the policies of nation formation such as creating traditions and constructing narratives in school textbooks. Another subject is the discourse analysis of Austrian historiography. The sources are then confronted with nation formation theories of E. Hobsbawm, T. Anderson, M. Hroch, M. Budyta-Budzyńska and other.<eng>
- Document LIN Search class: ['his'], ['sow'], ['jur']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A1751903540.jsonld | Die gleichgeschlechtliche Ehe in Deutschland : verfassungsrechtliche und rechtsvergleichende Sicht | In this volume, Corrado Becker ventures to take an overall legal view of same-sex marriage and presents the topic in a comprehensive constitutional and comparative legal context. In addition, the legal-historical development of marriage and homosexuality over the centuries is traced; comparative legal remarks place the issue on a broader foundation. From this broader context, the possibilities and limits of a further development of constitutional provisions, such as the concept of marriage in the Basic Law, are described and recontoured. On this basis, the constitutionality of the Marriage Opening Act, the so-called “marriage for all”, is addressed. Corrado Becker wagt in diesem Band eine rechtswissenschaftliche Gesamtschau auf die gleichgeschlechtliche Ehe und stellt das Thema in einem umfassenden verfassungsrechtlichen und rechtsvergleichenden Zusammenhang dar. Zudem wird die rechtshistorische Entwicklung der Ehe und der Homosexualität im Laufe der Jahrhunderte nachgezeichnet; die rechtsvergleichenden Ausführungen stellen die Problematik auf ein breiteres Fundament. Aus diesem größeren Zusammenhang heraus werden die Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der Fortentwicklung von Verfassungsbestimmungen wie dem Begriff der Ehe im Grundgesetz beschrieben und neu konturiert. Auf dieser Grundlage wird auf die Verfassungsmäßigkeit des Eheöffnungsgesetzes, der sogenannten „Ehe für alle“, eingegangen. | [
"['jur']",
"['sow']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Die gleichgeschlechtliche Ehe in Deutschland : verfassungsrechtliche und rechtsvergleichende Sicht
- Document Abstract: In this volume, Corrado Becker ventures to take an overall legal view of same-sex marriage and presents the topic in a comprehensive constitutional and comparative legal context. In addition, the legal-historical development of marriage and homosexuality over the centuries is traced; comparative legal remarks place the issue on a broader foundation. From this broader context, the possibilities and limits of a further development of constitutional provisions, such as the concept of marriage in the Basic Law, are described and recontoured. On this basis, the constitutionality of the Marriage Opening Act, the so-called “marriage for all”, is addressed. Corrado Becker wagt in diesem Band eine rechtswissenschaftliche Gesamtschau auf die gleichgeschlechtliche Ehe und stellt das Thema in einem umfassenden verfassungsrechtlichen und rechtsvergleichenden Zusammenhang dar. Zudem wird die rechtshistorische Entwicklung der Ehe und der Homosexualität im Laufe der Jahrhunderte nachgezeichnet; die rechtsvergleichenden Ausführungen stellen die Problematik auf ein breiteres Fundament. Aus diesem größeren Zusammenhang heraus werden die Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der Fortentwicklung von Verfassungsbestimmungen wie dem Begriff der Ehe im Grundgesetz beschrieben und neu konturiert. Auf dieser Grundlage wird auf die Verfassungsmäßigkeit des Eheöffnungsgesetzes, der sogenannten „Ehe für alle“, eingegangen.
- Document LIN Search class: ['jur'], ['sow']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A1734488492.jsonld | Über Synthesen und Reaktivitäten von α-C,P-substituierten Alkinkomplexen des Wolframs | The present work lies at the interface of frustrated Lewis pairs (FLP) chemistry and polynuclear complexes with alkyne-based bridging ligands. Suitable alkyne ligands with side-on coordination mode were synthesized in the coordination sphere of Tp* tungsten complexes. These alkyne ligands are substituted with phosphorus and carbon in α positions, which enables generation of positively charged carbenium or negatively charged carbanions at the alkyne.<eng> Die vorliegende Arbeit ist im Grenzbereich zwischen der Chemie frustrierter Lewis Paare (FLP) und polynuklearer Komplexe mit alkinbasierten Brückenliganden angesiedelt. Dazu wurden geeignete Alkinliganden side-on in der Koordinationssphäre von Tp* Wolframkomplexen synthetisiert, welche in α Position die Elemente Phosphor und Kohlenstoff tragen. Das bietet die Möglichkeit sowohl positive geladene Carbenium- als auch negative geladene Carbanionen terminal am Alkin zu erzeugen.<ger> | [
"['che']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Über Synthesen und Reaktivitäten von α-C,P-substituierten Alkinkomplexen des Wolframs
- Document Abstract: The present work lies at the interface of frustrated Lewis pairs (FLP) chemistry and polynuclear complexes with alkyne-based bridging ligands. Suitable alkyne ligands with side-on coordination mode were synthesized in the coordination sphere of Tp* tungsten complexes. These alkyne ligands are substituted with phosphorus and carbon in α positions, which enables generation of positively charged carbenium or negatively charged carbanions at the alkyne.<eng> Die vorliegende Arbeit ist im Grenzbereich zwischen der Chemie frustrierter Lewis Paare (FLP) und polynuklearer Komplexe mit alkinbasierten Brückenliganden angesiedelt. Dazu wurden geeignete Alkinliganden side-on in der Koordinationssphäre von Tp* Wolframkomplexen synthetisiert, welche in α Position die Elemente Phosphor und Kohlenstoff tragen. Das bietet die Möglichkeit sowohl positive geladene Carbenium- als auch negative geladene Carbanionen terminal am Alkin zu erzeugen.<ger>
- Document LIN Search class: ['che']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
3A1747255378.jsonld | Kirchenbau in Berlin 1933-1945 : Architektur- Kunst - Umgestaltung | Contrary to what was long assumed, church building was by no means meaningless during National Socialism. On the contrary, church building activity was considerable. For the first time, the author provides evidence of more than 800 sacred buildings erected at that time in the territory of today's Federal Republic of Germany alone.Her work, which is based on the analysis of numerous examples, is devoted to church building, church art and church transformations in the years between 1933 and 1945. She works out that the architectural styles that were dominant at the time also had an impact in church building. In church art, Christian motifs often have a heroic and, in some cases, an emphatically ideological character. Subjects of Nazi propaganda also made their way into the church interiors - even Nazi symbols and Hitler portraits were not taboo. Beate Rossié also directs her attention to the historical background of church building projects and designs. It sheds light on the political context of the time, the authors and the sponsors, which also included state institutions, the respective environment, the urban planning embedding and biographical aspects. The focus of their study is Berlin. In addition, examples from other regions are used | [
"['his']",
"['rel']"
] | <|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
Cutting Knowledge Date: December 2023
Today Date: 30 May 2025
You are a highly skilled text processing assistant specialized in analyzing and extracting structured information from text. Your task is to identify entities relevant to a given domain and format the output consistently. You excel at understanding context, adhering to instructions, and providing accurate results. Your responses should be clear, concise, and follow any specified requirements, such as output format conventions.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
### Act as:
You are a librarian and an expert in the GND (the integrated authority files):
Code Classification Number ... Definition Source URL
0 gnd:4003694-7 00 ... NaN NaN
1 gnd:4032393-6 00 ... Verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
2 gnd:4038971-6 00 ... NaN NaN
3 gnd:4043744-9 00 ... Allgemeinbegriff, verknüpfe mit Anwendungsgebiet NaN
4 gnd:4048300-9 00 ... Etwas, was einer Sache ein bestimmtes (äußere... NaN
... ... ... ... ... ...
204734 gnd:7753641-1 36 ... NaN NaN
204735 gnd:7755608-2 36 ... NaN NaN
204736 gnd:7758731-5 36 ... NaN NaN
204737 gnd:7842847-6 36 ... NaN NaN
204738 gnd:1163295434 36 ... NaN https://www.airfix.com/uk-en/
[204739 rows x 9 columns]
You also have the knowledge of LIN Search classification:
- arc Architecture
- bau Civil engineering
- ber Mining
- bio Life Science
- cet Chemical and environmental engineering
- che Chemistry
- elt Electrical engineering
- fer Material science
- geo Earth science
- his History
- hor Horticulture
- inf Computer science
- jur Law
- lin Linguistics
- lit Literature Studies
- mas Mechanical engineering, energy technology
- mat Mathematics
- med Medical technology
- meda Medicine
- oek Economics
- pae Educational science
- phi Philosophy
- phy Physics
- rel Study of religions
- rest Other subjects
- sow Social sciences
- spo Sports science
- tec Engineering
- ver Traffic engineering
### Given the following details:
- Document Title: Kirchenbau in Berlin 1933-1945 : Architektur- Kunst - Umgestaltung
- Document Abstract: Contrary to what was long assumed, church building was by no means meaningless during National Socialism. On the contrary, church building activity was considerable. For the first time, the author provides evidence of more than 800 sacred buildings erected at that time in the territory of today's Federal Republic of Germany alone.Her work, which is based on the analysis of numerous examples, is devoted to church building, church art and church transformations in the years between 1933 and 1945. She works out that the architectural styles that were dominant at the time also had an impact in church building. In church art, Christian motifs often have a heroic and, in some cases, an emphatically ideological character. Subjects of Nazi propaganda also made their way into the church interiors - even Nazi symbols and Hitler portraits were not taboo. Beate Rossié also directs her attention to the historical background of church building projects and designs. It sheds light on the political context of the time, the authors and the sponsors, which also included state institutions, the respective environment, the urban planning embedding and biographical aspects. The focus of their study is Berlin. In addition, examples from other regions are used
- Document LIN Search class: ['his'], ['rel']
### Your task:
Using your expert knowledge in the conventional use of the GND, you are now tasked to assign **exactly 20** subject titles to documents according to the database of GND subject titles.
Your task is to annotate documents with GND subjects in JSON format based on their content (title and abstract). Use your knowledge of GND annotations and follow the established patterns from past training data.
1. Analyze the title, abstract and LIN Search class of a document and infer GND subject annotations.
2. Produce the output in structured JSON format, maintaining consistency with examples provided.
Rules:
- Always extract subjects from the core concepts mentioned in the title/abstract.
- Include synonyms, variant names, and related subjects in arrays.
- Follow the structure exactly as shown in the examples.
- Always quote the JSON format output between ```json and ```.
- No more than 20 alternate names is allowed for each subject.
- No more than 20 related subjects is allowed for each subject.
### Instructions:
1. Analyze the provided document to identify its core themes, topics, and concepts.
2. Select the most appropriate **20 unique GND subject titles** that align with the content, in the same style as the dataset you were trained on.
3. Rank the GND subject titles according to the relevance to the document, and the likelihood they would be assigned by an expert librarian.
4. Format the output as JSON, adhering to the structure provided below. For each of the subject titles, reply with the name of the subject titles, its names and related subjects in a list.
5. Make sure to complete the JSON output before you hit the maximum token limit, to ensure the correctness of the JSON format.
### Output example:
```json
{
"document_title": "Energie- und Lademanagement für eine CO2-neutralen Beladung von batterieelektrisch betriebenen Service-Fahrzeugen auf dem Flughafenvorfeld",
"assigned_subject_titles": [
{
"Code": "gnd-4014736-8",
"Name": "Energieversorgung",
"Alternate Name": ["Energie", "Energieversorgungssystem", "Energiesystem"],
"Related Subjects": ["Versorgung", "Energieerzeugung", "Energiewirtschaft"]
},
{
"Code": "gnd-4068598-6",
"Name": "Erneuerbare Energien",
"Alternate Name": ["Sanfte Energie", "Erneuerbare Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energiequelle", "Regenerative Energie", "Erneuerbare Energie", "Alternativenergie", "Alternativenergien", "Regenerative Energien", "Alternative Energiequelle", "Grüne Energie", "Green energy"],
"Related Subjects": ["Energiequelle", "Erneuerbare Ressourcen"]
},
...
]
}
```<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
|
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