There's this engineer at my school who subsists off coffee.

The other day, I saw him walking down the hall, and he was literally shaking.

I asked him if he was okay, and he said he was just "coming down from a caffeine high."

I was like, "Dude, you need to slow down. You're gonna hurt yourself."

But he just laughed and said, "I'm fine. I'm an engineer. I can handle it."

I don't know how he does it, but he's definitely one of a kind.

I mean, he's the only person I know who can drink coffee and still fall asleep in class.

I'm not sure how long he can keep this up, but I'm kind of impressed by his dedication.

I mean, if he can drink that much coffee and still function, then he's definitely got some serious willpower.

Pana mhandisi fulani shuleni ambaye hujishughulisha sana na kahawa.

Hata sina uhakika ikiwa yeye hula chakula halisi.

Naweza kumfananisha na mashine ya kahawa.

Juzi, nilimwona akielekea ukumbini, na alikuwa akitetemeka.

Nilimwuliza iwapo alikuwa sawa, na alisema kwamba "alikuwa anajituliza tu baada ya kupata msisimko kwa kunywa kahawa."

Niliwaza, "Mwenzangu, unahitaji kupunguza. Utajidhuru."

Lakini alicheka tu na kusema "Niko sawa. Mimi ni mhandisi. Ninaweza kujishughulikia."

Sijui afanyavyo, lakini bila shaka ana umahiri wa aina yake.

Yaani, ndiye mtu pekee ninayemfahamu ambaye hunywa kahawa na bado anasinzia darasani.

Sina uhakika muda ambao anaweza kuendelea hivyo, lakini nimefurahishwa kiasi na kujitolea kwake.

Yaani, ikiwa anaweza kunywa kahawa kwa wingi hivyo na bado atekeleze majukumu, basi bila shaka ana uwezo mkubwa.


"I stood before the sculpture, my heart filled with both awe and sadness.

The creation was so beautiful, but it also felt like a trap.

The artist had captured the essence of the subject so perfectly that it was almost as if they were still alive.

I turned to the artist, a young man named Ram. "You must stop sculpting," I said.

"Your creations are too beautiful. They are stealing life from the world."

Ram looked at me in surprise "What do you mean?" he asked "My sculptures are a celebration of life."

"No," I said "They are a denial of it. They are a way of keeping people from experiencing the real world.

When you look at one of your sculptures, you are not seeing the world as it is.

You are seeing the world as you wish it to be. That is not real art.

Real art is about showing the world as it is, warts and all.

It is about making people feel something.

Your sculptures don't make people feel anything.

"Nilisimama mbele ya mchongo huo, moyo wangu ukiwa umejawa na mshangao na huzuni.

Sanamu hiyo ilikuwa ya kupendekeza mno, lakini pia nilihisi kana kwamba ulikuwa mtego.

Msanii alinasa uhalisia wake kwa usahihi kabisa hivi kwamba ilionekana kuwa hai.

Nilimgeukia msaani, kijana kwa jina Ram. "Unapaswa kuacha uchongaji," nilisema.

"Ubunifu wako unavutia sana. Unaiga mambo halisia kwenye ulimwengu."

Ram alinitazama kwa mshangao "Unamaanisha nini?" aliuliza "Michongo yangu inaangazia maisha."

"Hapana," Nilisema "Ni kinyume na hilo. Inawazuia watu kushuhudia mambo yalivyo kwa uhalisia.

Unapotazama mojawapo ya michongo yako, huoni ulimwengu jinsi ulivyo.

Unaona ulimwengu jinsi wewe unavyotamani uwe. Hiyo si sanaa halisi.

Usanii halisi unahusu kuonyesha ulimwengu jinsi wote ulivyo, mazuri na mabaya.

Unahusu kuwafanya watu kupata hisia fulani.

Michongo yako haimfanyi mtu kuhisi chochote.


The old man's wake was a raucous affair, as befitting a life well-lived.

The family and friends gathered around the coffin, telling stories and laughing about the good times they had shared with the deceased.

There was plenty of food and drink, and the music never stopped.

At one point, the widow stood up and raised her glass.

"To my husband," she said. "He was a good man, and he will be missed. But he's in a better place now, and we'll see him again someday."

The old man's spirit was there with them, and they knew that he would be happy to see them celebrating his life.

The wake went on for hours, and by the end of the night, everyone was exhausted but happy.

Matanga ya mzee huyo yalikuwa na mchakamchaka, yakionyesha hali ya kuishi maisha mema.

Jamaa na marafiki walikusanyika karibu na jeneza, wakisimulia na kucheka kuhusu nyakati za furaha walizokuwa nazo pamoja na mwendazake.

Kulikuwepo na chakula na vinywaji vya kutosha, na muziki ulichezwa wakati huo wote.

Wakati mmoja, mjane alisimama na kunyanyua glasi yake.

"Kwa mume wangu," alisema. "Alikuwa mtu mzuri, na tutamkosa. Ila yupo mahali pema zaidi sasa, na ipo siku ambapo tutamwona tena."

Umati ulishangilia kisha wakanywa kwa pamoja.

Roho wa mzee huyo ilikuwa pamoja nao na walijua kuwa angefurahia kuwaona wakisherehekea maisha yake.

Matanga yaliendelea kwa saa kadhaa, na baada ya hafala kukamilika usiku, kila mtu alikuwa amechoka lakini mwenye furaha.


Your skin is your largest organ, and it's important to take care of it both inside and out. Here are some tips for healthy skin:

* Drink plenty of water: Water is essential for healthy skin, as it helps to keep your skin hydrated and soft. Aim to drink eight glasses of water per day.

* Eat a healthy diet: Eating a healthy diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains can help to improve your skin's appearance.

* Get regular exercise: Exercise can help to improve your circulation and promote healthy skin. Aim for at least 30 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise most days of the week.

* Get enough sleep: When you don't get enough sleep, your body produces more of the stress hormone cortisol, which can lead to inflammation and skin problems. Aim for 7-8 hours of sleep per night.

* Protect your skin from the sun: The sun's UV rays can damage your skin and lead to premature aging, wrinkles, and skin cancer.

Ngozi yako ndicho kiungo kikubwa zaidi mwilini, na ni muhimu kuitunza nje na ndani. Vifuatavyo ni vidokezo kuhusu utunzaji wa ngozi:

* Kunywa maji ya kutosha: Maji ni muhimu katika utunzaji wa ngozi, kwa sababu husaidia kuondoa ukavu na kudumisha ulaini wa ngozi. Kunywa angalau glasi nane za maji kwa siku.

* Kula lishe bora: Kula lishe bora linalojumuisha matunda, mboga, na fanaka kunaweza kusaidia kuboresha mwonekano wa ngozi yako.

* Fanya mazoezi mara kwa mara: Kufanya mazoezi kunaweza kusaidia kuboresha mzunguko wa damu mwilini na kuimarisha afya ya ngozi yako. Fanya mazoezi ya wastani kwa angalau dakika 30 karibu siku zote za wiki.

* Pata usingizi wa kutosha: Unapokosa usingizi wa kutosha, mwili wako hutoa kiasi kikubwa cha homoni ya mfadhaiko ijulikanayo kama kotisoli, ambayo inaweza kusababisha uvimbe na matatizo ya ngozi. Lala kwa saa 7-8 kila usiku.

* Linda ngozi yako dhidi ya jua: Miale ya UV ya jua inaweza kudhuru ngozi yako na kusababisha upate uzee wa mapema, mikunjo, na saratani ya ngozi.


But in 1974, a military junta known as the Derg seized power and began a brutal campaign of repression.

The Derg's policies led to widespread famine and poverty, and millions of Ethiopians were forced to flee their homes.

In 1991, a coalition of rebel groups known as the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF) overthrew the Derg.

The EPRDF established a new government and promised to restore peace and prosperity to Ethiopia.

However, the EPRDF's rule has been plagued by human rights abuses, corruption, and political repression.

In 2018, Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed took office and pledged to reform the country.

He released political prisoners, lifted restrictions on the media, and began peace talks with the Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF), the former ruling party of Tigray.

However, the peace talks broke down in June 2020, and the TPLF launched an offensive against the Ethiopian military.

The ensuing conflict has been devastating.

The fighting has displaced millions of people, and the humanitarian situation is dire.

Lakini mnamo 1974, kikosi cha wanamgambo kilichofahamika kama Derg kilichukua uongozi na kuanza kampeni kali za ukandamizaji.

Sera za Derg zilisababisha baa la njaa na umaskini kuenea, na mamilioni ya raia wa Ethiopia walilazimika kutoroka makwao.

Mwaka wa 1991, muungano wa makundi ya waasi uliojulikana kama Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF) ulipindua utawala wa Derg.

EPRDF ilibuni serikali mpya na kuahidi kurejesha amani na ufanisi nchini Ethiopia.

Hata hivyo, utawala wa EPRDF umekumbwa na ukiukaji wa haki za binadamu, ufisadi na ukandamizaji wa kisiasa.

Mnamo 2018, Waziri Mkuu Abiy Ahmed alichukua hatamu za uongozi na kuahidi kuleta mabadiliko nchini humo.

Aliwaachilia huru wafungwa wa kisiasa, akaondoa vikwazo dhidi ya vyombo vya habari, na akaanzisha mazungumzo ya amani na Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF), chama kilichotawala Tigray zamani.

Hata hivyo, mazungumzo ya amani yaligonga mwamba mnamo Juni 2020, nacho chama cha TPLF kikashambulia jeshi la Ethiopia.

Mapigano hayo yamewaacha mamilioni ya watu bila makao, na hali ya maisha imedorora.


It’s coming from the kitchen, so I get up to investigate.

I creep down the hallway, careful not to make a sound.

I peer around the corner into the kitchen and see Mum standing at the sink, staring out the window.

She looks pale and shaken. “Mum?” I ask.

“Mum, what’s wrong?” She takes a deep breath and turns to face me.

“There’s something outside,” she says. “Something big.”

But then, I notice a movement in the shadows.

It’s a large, dark shape, and it’s moving towards the house.

“What is it?” I ask. “I don’t know,” Mum says. “But I don’t think it’s friendly.”

It’s tall and slender, with long, spindly legs.

Its body is covered in black fur, and its head is a smooth, round ball.

It has no eyes, but I can see two large, pointed ears.

“We need to get out of here,” Mum says. “Now.”

We run out of the kitchen and into the living room.

“Mum! Dad!” I cry. “There’s something outside!”

Dad looks up from the TV. “What is it?” he asks.

“I don’t know,” Mum says. “But it’s big and it’s coming this way.”

It’s so close I can feel its hot breath on the back of my neck.

Dad starts the engine and we peel out of the driveway.

The creature chases after us, but we’re too fast.

Inatoka jikoni, hivyo nikaamka ili nichunguze.

Nilinyatia shorobani, taratibu ili nisitoe sauti.

Nilichungulia kwenye kona ya jikoni na nikamwona Mama akiwa amesimama kwenye sinki, akitazama dirishani.

Alionekana mnyonge na mwenye hofu. “Mama?” Niliuliza.

“Mama, tatizo ni nini?” Alishusha pumzi kisha akapinduka ili kuniangalia.

“Kuna kitu kule nje,” akasema. “Kitu kikubwa.”

Nilifuatilia kuona alichokuwa akiangalia dirishani.

Kisha, niliona kitu kikisonga kwenye vivuli.

Ni kitu kikubwa, chenye umbo jeusi na kinasogea nyumba.

“Hii ni nini?” Niliuliza. “Sijui,” Mama alisema. “Lakini sidhani ni kitu kizuri.”

Ni kitu kirefu chembamba, chenye miguu mirefu miembamba.

Mwili wake una manyoya meusi, na kichwa chake ni mpira laini mviringo.

Hakina macho, lakini kina masikio mawili makubwa yenye ncha kali.

“Tunafaa kuondoka hapa,” Mama alisema. “Sasa hivi.”

Tukakimbia kutoka jikoni kuelekea sebuleni.

“Mama! Baba!” Nililia. “Kuna kitu kule nje!”

Baba aliacha kutazama televisheni. “Ni nini?” aliuliza.

“Sijui,” Mama alijibu. “Lakini ni kitu kikubwa na kinakuja huku.”

Lilitukaribia sana na nilihisi joto la pumzi yake kwenye shingo langu.

Baba aliwasha gari na tukachomokea barabarani.

Kiumbe hicho kilitufuata, lakini tulikwenda kwa kasi zaidi.


Movies have long been a powerful force in shaping our culture and our values.

They can influence our beliefs about everything from love and romance to war and violence.

And they have a particularly strong influence on our ideas about gender roles.

For decades, Hollywood has perpetuated the stereotype of the ideal wife as a beautiful, submissive, and domestic woman who puts her husband and children first.

This image is often reinforced by the way that female characters are portrayed in movies.

For example, a study by the Geena Davis Institute found that in the top 100 films of 2017, only 30% of female characters had speaking roles, and only 12% of those characters were working outside the home.

The majority of female characters were portrayed as either romantic interests or mothers.

This narrow representation of women in film sends a powerful message to viewers about what it means to be a woman.

It suggests that women's primary role is to be attractive and nurturing, and that their success is measured by their relationships with men and children.

This idealized image of the wife can be harmful to women in several ways.

Filamu zimekuwa na ushawishi mkubwa mno katika kuelekeza utamaduni na maadili yetu.

Zinaweza kuchochea imani zetu kuhusu kila kitu kuanzia mapenzi na mahaba hadi vita na vurugu.

Na zina ushawishi mkubwa hasa kwa mtazamo wetu kuhusu majukumu ya kijinsia.

Kwa miongo mingi, Hollywood imeendeleza kasumba kwamba mwanamke mkamilifu ni mrembo, mnyenyekevu na wa kukaa nyumbani ambaye ameweka mbele maslahi ya mume na wanawe.

Taswira hii husisitizwa na jinsi wahusika wa kike husawiriwa kwenye filamu.

Kwa mfano, utafiti uliofanywa na Taasisi ya Geena Davis ulibaini kuwa katika filamu 100 bora za 2017, asilimia 30 pekee ya wahusika wa kike ndio walikuwa na usemi na asilimia 12 pekee kati yao walikuwa wakifanya kazi nje ya nyumbani.

Wahusika wengi wa kike walisawiriwa kuwa wazazi, au wanaofuata mahaba.

Uwakilisho huu finyu wa wanawake katika filamu unawaonyesha watazamaji nafasi ya mwanamke katika jamii.

Unapendekeza kwamba nafasi kuu ya wanawake ni kuvutia na kulea, na kwamba ufanisi wao unapimwa kutegemea uhusiano kati yao na wanaume na watoto.

Taswira hii iliyowekwa ya mke mkamilifu inaweza kuwaathiri wanawake kwa njia mbalimbali.


Patient: Doctor, I've been having this terrible stomach pain for the past few days.

It's a sharp, stabbing pain that comes and goes.

Doctor: Can you tell me more about the pain? Where is it located?

Patient: It's mostly in my lower abdomen, right around my belly button, but it sometimes radiates to my back.

Doctor: Does anything make the pain worse?

Patient: Eating seems to make it worse, especially fatty or greasy foods.

Doctor: And does anything make it better.?

Patient: Lying down seems to help a little.

Doctor: Does the pain come and go, or is it constant?

Patient: It's constant. It's just a dull ache, but it's really uncomfortable.

Doctor: Have you had any other symptoms? Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea?

Doctor: I see. Well, it sounds like you're having a case of gastritis.

Gastritis is inflammation of the stomach lining.

It can be caused by a number of things, including eating spicy or fatty foods, drinking alcohol, or taking certain medications.

Doctor: It can be, but in most cases it's not.

I'm going to prescribe you some medication to help relieve the pain and inflammation.

You should also avoid eating spicy or fatty foods, and drink plenty of fluids.

Mgonjwa: Daktari, nimekabiliwa na maumivu makali ya tumbo kwa siku chache zilizopita.

Maumivu ni makali mno hivi kwamba siwezi kula au kulala.

Ni maumivu makali yanayodungadunga, na yanakuja na kutoweka.

Daktari: Je, unaweza kunielezea zaidi kuhusu maumivu hayo? Unayahisi wapi?

Mgonjwa: Nahisi haswa chini ya tumbo, karibu na kitovu changu, lakini wakati mwingine nahisi hadi mgongoni.

Daktari: Je, kuna kitu chochote kinachochochea maumivu hayo kuwa makali zaidi?

Mgonjwa: Ninatatizika zaidi nikila chakula, hasa vyakula vilivyotumbukizwa au vilivyo na mafuta.

Daktari: Na je, kuna kitu kinachotuliza maumivu?

Mgonjwa: Kulala chini kunanisaidia kidogo.

Daktari: Je, maumivu hayo yanakuja na kutoweka, au yanadumu?

Mgonjwa: Yanadumu. Ni maumivu kidogo tu, lakini yananitatiza sana.

Daktari: Je. umekuwa na dalili nyingine zozote? Kichefuchefu, kutapika, kuendesha?

Daktari: Naam. Vizuri, inaonekana una uvimbe tumboni.

Uvimbe tumboni ni kufura kwa utando wa tumbo.

Unaweza kusababishwa na mambo kadhaa, ikijumuisha ulaji wa vyakula vyenye viungo au mafuta mengi, unywaji wa pombe, au utumiaji wa dawa fulani.

Daktari: Unaweza kuwa hatari, lakini katika hali nyingi sio hatari.

Nitakuagiza utumie dawa fulani ili kukusaidia kutuliza maumivu na uvimbe.

Pia unafaa kuepuka vyakula vilivyotiwa viungo vingi na mafuta mengi, na unapaswa kunywa maji kwa wingi.


* 1/2 cup (1 stick) unsalted butter, at room temperature

1. Preheat oven to 350 degrees F (175 degrees C). Grease and flour an 8-inch round cake pan.

2. In a medium bowl, whisk together the flours, granulated sugar, brown sugar, baking powder, baking soda, and salt.

3. In a large bowl, cream together the butter and egg until light and fluffy. Beat in the egg yolk and almond extract.

4. Gradually add the dry ingredients to the wet ingredients, alternating with the milk. Mix until just combined.

5. Fold in the almond flour until evenly distributed.

* Kikombe 1/2 cha sukari ya chembechembe

* Kikombe 1/4 cha sukari nyepesi ya kahawia

* Kikombe 1/2 (kijiti 1) cha siagi isiyo na chumvi, katika halijoto ya kawaida

1. Pasha oveni joto hadi digrii Farenhaiti 350 (digrii Selsiasi 175). Weka mafuta na unga kwenye sufuria la keki la inchi 8.

2. Kwenye bakuli wastani, changanya unga, sukari ya chembechembe, sukari ya kahawia, hamira, na chumvi.

3. Kwenye bakuli kubwa, changanya siagi na yai hadi iwe nyororo na laini. Ongeza lozi na sehemu ya katikati ya yai.

4. Ongeza taratibu viungo vikavu kwenye viungo vya majimaji, ukibadilishana na maziwa. Changanya hadi mchanganyiko huo ukolee.

5. Nyunyiza unga wa lozi hadi utoshee kwa usawa.


It was a hot summer day in July when I finally turned 16 years old.

I had been eagerly anticipating this day for as long as I could remember, and now that it was finally here, I couldn't wait to get started on my road to freedom.

The first step was to take the written test.

I studied hard for weeks, and I was confident that I would pass.

On the day of the test, I arrived at the DMV early and took my seat in the waiting room.

After a few hours, my name was called, and I was ushered into a small room with a computer.

The test was surprisingly easy, and I finished it in no time.

A few days later, I received a letter in the mail informing me that I had passed the written test.

The next step was to schedule a driving test.

I called the DMV and made an appointment for the following week.

The day of my driving test arrived, and I was more nervous than I had ever been in my life.

I drove to the DMV with my mom, who would be accompanying me on the test.

Ilikuwa siku ya joto katika majira ya kiangazi mwezi wa Julai ambapo hatimaye nilifikisha umri wa miaka 16.

Nilikuwa nimeisubiria sana siku hii kwa hamu na ghamu, na ilipofika, nilikuwa na matarajio makubwa kuanza maisha yangu ya utu uzima.

Hatua ya kwanza ilikuwa ni kufanya mtihani wa kuandika.

Nilisoma kwa bidii sana kwa wiki kadhaa, na nilikuwa na uhakika kuwa ningefuzu mtihani.

Siku ya mtihani, niliwasili mapema katika DMV na nikaketi katika chumba cha kusubiri.

Baada ya saa chache, jina langu liliitwa, kisha nikaelekezwa katika chumba kidogo kilichokuwa na kompyuta.

La kushangaza ni kwamba mtihani ulikuwa rahisi sana, na niliukamilisha baada ya muda mfupi.

Siku chache baadaye, nilipokea barua pepe ikiniarifu kuwa nilikuwa nimepita mtihani huo wa kuandika.

Hatua iliyofuata ilikuwa ni kuratibu mtihani wa kuendesha gari.

Nilipiga simu kwa DMV na kuweka miadi ya wiki iliyofuatia.

Siku ya mtihani wangu wa kuendesha gari ilifika, na nilikuwa na wasiwasi ambao sijawahi kuhisi.

Niliendesha gari hadi DMV nikiwa na mama yangu, ambaye alikuwa ananipeleka kwenye mtihani.


"Heartbreak," sighed the poet, "is the cruelest of afflictions.

It is a pain that pierces the soul and leaves us feeling empty and alone.

It is a fire that burns from within, consuming us with its flames.

It is a storm that tears us apart, leaving us broken and scarred.

But even in the midst of our heartbreak, there is hope.

For even as our hearts are broken, they are also made new.

We are given the opportunity to learn from our mistakes and to grow stronger.

We are given the chance to find love again, even if it is different than the love we have lost.

So let us not despair in our heartbreak.

Let us instead embrace it as a part of life.

And let us never give up on the hope of finding love again"

"Kuvunjika moyo," mshairi alishusha pumzi, "ni mateso ya kikatili mno.

Ni uchungu unaochoma nafsi na kutuacha na hisia ya upweke na kutojiweza.

Ni moto unaowaka kindani, na kutuangamiza kwa miale yake.

Ni dhoruba inayotutenganisha, na kutuacha na makovu na kutukatisha tamaa.

Lakini hata tunapovunjika moyo, lipo tumaini.

Hata mioyo yetu inapovinjika, inafanyika upya pia.

Tunapewa fursa ya kujifunza kutokana na makosa yetu na kujiimarisha zaidi.

Tunapewa nafasi ya kupata pendo tena, hata ikiwa ni tofauti na upendo tuliopoteza.

Kwa hivyo tusikate tamaa tunapovunjwa moyo.

Badala yake hebu tuichukulie kama sehemu ya maisha.

Hebu tujifunze kutokana na hali hiyo na kukua.

Na tusikate tamaa katika tumaini la kupata pendo tena"


Judaism and Kosher Kosher is a set of dietary laws in Judaism.

These laws define which foods are permissible to eat and which are not.

Kosher foods are those that are considered to be fit for consumption according to Jewish law.

The laws of kosher are based on the Torah, the first five books of the Hebrew Bible.

These laws prohibit the consumption of certain animals, such as pigs and shellfish, as well as the consumption of blood and meat from animals that have not been slaughtered in a specific way.

Kosher foods are also subject to a number of other regulations, such as the separation of dairy and meat products.

Kosher food is prepared in a way that ensures that it is fit for consumption according to Jewish law.

The observance of kosher laws is an important part of Jewish religious practice.

For many Jews, eating kosher food is a way to show their devotion to God and to connect with their heritage.

There are a number of reasons why Jews observe kosher laws.

Some of these reasons are based on religious beliefs, while others are based on practical considerations Religious reasons Jews believe that God gave the Torah to Moses at Mount Sinai.

Uyahudi na Kosha Kosha ni sheria za mlo za Kiyahudi.

Sheria hizi zinabainisha vyakula vinavyoruhusiwa na visivyoruhusiwa kuliwa.

Vyakula vya Kosha ni vile vinavyoruhusiwa kuliwa kulingana na sheria za Kiyahudi.

Sheria za kosha zinatokana na Torati, ambavyo ni vitabu vya kwanza vitano vya Bibilia ya Kiebrania.

Sheria hizi zinapiga marufuku ulaaji wa baadhi za wanyama, kama vile nguruwe na samakigamba, na pia unywaji wa damu na nyama ya wanyama ambao hawajachinjwa katika njia maalum.

Pia, vyakula vya kosha vinategemea kanuni nyingine kadhaa, kama vile kutojumuisha bidhaa za maziwa na nyama.

Vyakula vya kosha vinaandaliwa kwa njia inayohakikisha kuwa vinaweza kuliwa kulingana na sheria za Kiyahudi.

Uzingatiaji wa sheria za kosha ni sehemu muhimu ya maadili ya kidini ya Kiyahudi.

Kwa Wayahudi wengi, ulaji wa vyakula vya kosha ni njia ya kuonyesha kujitoa kwao katika kufanya mapenzi ya Mungu na kudumisha urithi wao.

Kuna sababu kadhaa kuhusu kwa nini Wayahudi wanazingatia sheria za kosha.

Baadhi ya sababu hizi zinatokana na imani za kidini, nazo zingine zinategemea sababu za Kidini ambapo Wayahudi wanaamini kuwa Mungu alimpa Musa Torati katika Mlima Sinai.


"I'm telling you, this is going to be the funniest thing ever," said Tom.

"Just wait until you see the look on people's faces when they see my new tattoo!"

"I don't know, Tom," said his friend, Ben.

"A green question mark on your forehead seems like it could be a bit of a risky move."

"That's what makes it so funny," said Tom "People are going to be so confused.

They'll be asking themselves all sorts of questions, like 'What does it mean?' or 'Why did he do that?'"

"Or they'll just think you're an idiot," said Ben.

"Nah, they'll get it," said Tom. "Trust me."

So Tom got the tattoo, and sure enough, people were confused.

They asked him all sorts of questions, and he loved every minute of it.

He even started a blog about his tattoo, where he would post pictures and answer questions from his readers.

"Hebu nikueleze, hili litakuwa jambo la kustaajabisha kabisa," Tom alisema.

"Subiri tu hadi uone nyuso za watu watakapoona mchoro mpya mwilini mwangu!"

"Alama ya swali ya kijanii kwenye kipaji chako cha uso inaonyesha kuwa huenda ikawa hatari kufanya hivyo."

"Hilo ndilo linaifanya iwe ya kuchekesha sana," Tom alisema "Watu watachanganyikiwa.

Watajiuliza sana maswali, kama 'Inamaanisha nini?' au 'Alifanya hivyo kwa nini?'"

"Au watafikiria wewe ni mpumbavu tu," Ben alisema.

"La, wataielewa," Tom alisema. "Niamini."

Kwa hivyo Tom alichorwa mwilini, na kwa kweli, watu walichanganyikiwa.

Walimuuliza maswali chungu nzima, na alifurahia yote hayo.

Hata alianzisha blogu kuhusu mchoro mwilini mwake, ambapo alichapisha picha na kujibu maswali ya wasomaji wake.


Indira Gandhi was the first and only woman to serve as Prime Minister of India.

She was born in 1917 into a prominent political family, and her father, Jawaharlal Nehru, was the first Prime Minister of India.

Indira Gandhi was educated in India and England, and she married Feroze Gandhi in 1942.

Gandhi began her political career in 1955, when she was elected to the Indian Parliament.

She served in various ministerial positions in the government of her father, and in 1966 she became Prime Minister after his death.

Gandhi was a controversial figure, and her policies were often criticized.

She was accused of being authoritarian and of suppressing dissent.

However, she was also a popular leader, and she is credited with modernizing India and improving the lives of its people.

Gandhi was assassinated by her Sikh bodyguards in 1984.

She was succeeded by her son, Rajiv Gandhi.

Gandhi's life and career were marked by many challenges, but she never gave up on her dream of a better India.

Indira Gandhi alikuwa mwanamke wa kwanza na wa pekee kuhudumu kama Waziri Mkuu nchini India.

Alizaliwa mwaka wa 1917 katika familia mashuhuri ya kisiasa, na baba yake, Jawaharlal Nehru, alikuwa Waziri Mkuu wa kwanza wa India.

Indira Gandhi alipata elimu yake nchini India na Uingereza, na akaolewa na Feroze Gandhi mwaka wa 1942.

Walipata watoto wawili wavulana, Rajiv na Sanjay.

Gandhi alianza taaluma yake ya kisiasa mwaka wa 1955, alipochaguliwa kuhudumu katika Bunge la India.

Alihudumu katika nyadhifa tofauti za uwaziri katika serikali ya babake, na mnamo 1966 alikuwa Waziri Mkuu baada ya kifo cha babake.

Gandhi alikuwa kiongozi mwenye utata, na mara nyingi sera zake zilikosolewa.

Alituhumiwa kwa kutumia mabavu na kukandamiza upinzani.

Hata hivyo, pia alikuwa kiongozi maarufu, na anasifiwa kwa kuistaarabisha India na kuboresha maisha ya watu wake.

Gandhi aliuawa na walinzi wake wa Sikh mwaka wa 1984.

Mtoto wake mvulana kwa jina Rajiv Gandhi, alishika hatamu.

Maisha na taaluma ya Gandhi ilikuwa na changamoto si haba, lakini kamwe hakukata tamaa kuhusu ndoto yake ya kuimarisha hadhi ya India.


Global warming is the long-term heating of Earth's climate system observed since the pre-industrial period (between 1850 and 1900) due to human activities, primarily fossil fuel burning, which increases heat-trapping greenhouse gas levels in Earth's atmosphere.

The term is frequently used interchangeably with the term climate change, though the latter refers to both human- and naturally produced warming and the effects it has on our planet.

Since the pre-industrial period, human activities are estimated to have increased Earth's global average temperature by about 1 degree Celsius (1.8 degrees Fahrenheit), a number that is currently increasing by 0.2 degrees Celsius (0.36 degrees Fahrenheit) per decade.

Most of the current warming trend is extremely likely (greater than 95 percent probability) the result of human activity since the 1950s and is proceeding at an unprecedented rate over decades to millennia.

The largest human influence on climate change has been the emission of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide.

The primary source of these emissions is from burning fossil fuels for electricity, heat and transportation.

Ongezeko la halijoto duniani ni kipindi kirefu cha joto katika mfumo wa tabianchi ulimwenguni kuanzia kipindi cha kabla ya viwanda (kati ya miaka ya 1850 na 1900) kutokana na shughuli za binadamu, haswa uchomaji wa fueli asilia, ambayo huongeza viwango vya gesi joto vinavyonaswa katika angahewa ya Dunia.

Mara kwa mara, kauli hii hutumika sawia na kauli mabadiliko ya tabianchi, ingawaje la pili linarejelea kuongezeka kwa joto kutokana na shughuli za binadamu na sababu asilia, na athari zake kwenye sayari yetu.

Tangu kipindi cha kabla ya kuanzishwa kwa viwanda, inakadiriwa kuwa shughuli za binadamu zimeongeza halijoto wastani ya duniani kwa digrii Selsiasi 1 (digrii Farenhaiti 1.8), na kwa sasa kiasi hicho kinaongezeka kwa digrii Selsiasi 0.2 (digrii Selsiasi 0.36) kwa kila mwongo.

Pana uwezekano mkubwa (zaidi ya asilimia 95) kwamba ongezeko la joto linaloshuhudiwa sasa linatokana na shughuli za binadamu tangu miaka ya 1950 na inaendelea kwa kasi katika kila mwongo na milenia.

Athari kubwa ya binadamu kwenye mabadiliko ya tabianchi imekuwa utoaji wa gesi joto kama vile dioksidi ya kaboni, methani na oksidi ya nitrasi.

Chanzo msingi cha utoaji gesi hizi ni kutokana na uchomaji fueli asilia ili kuzalisha umeme, kupasha joto na kwa matumizi ya uchukuzi.


The portfolio was heavy, and the line was long.

I stood there, aching with pain, and wondered if I would ever get to the front.

Finally, my turn came, and I presented my portfolio to the woman at the counter.

She looked at it for a moment, then shook her head.

"I'm sorry," she said. "We can't accept this portfolio. It's not up to our standards."

I took the portfolio back and started to walk away.

"Wait," the woman called "I can see that you've put a lot of effort into this. Why don't you take a seat over there and I'll see what I can do."

A few minutes later, the woman came back.

"We're willing to make an exception for you. We'll accept your portfolio, but you'll have to pay a processing fee."

It was a lot of money, but I didn't have any other choice.

Nilichoandaa kilikuwa kizito, na foleni ilikuwa ndefu.

Nilisimama hapo, kwa maumivu makali, na kuwaza iwapo ningeweza kufika mbele.

Hatimaye, zamu yangu ilifika, na nikawasilisha kazi yangu kwa mwanamke aliyekuwa kwenye kaunta.

Aliingalia kwa muda, kisha akatikisa kichwa chake.

"Samahani sana," alisema. "Hatuwezi kukubali kazi hii. Haijatimiza viwango vyetu."

Nilichukua kazi yangu na nikaanza kwenda.

"Subiri," mwanamke huyo aliniita "Ninaona umetia bidii sana. Naomba uketi pale na nitaona kile ninachoweza kufanya."

Baada ya dakika chache, mwanamke huyo alirudi tena.

"Nimezungumza na meneja wangu," alisema.

"Tuko tayari kukusaidia kwa njia ya kipekee. Tutakubali kazi yako, lakini utahitajika kulipa ada ya uchakataji."

Zilikuwa pesa nyingi, lakini sikuwa na la kufanya.


In the 2006 teen comedy She's the Man, Amanda Bynes plays Viola Hastings, a high school student who disguises herself as a boy in order to play on the boys' soccer team.

The film is full of laugh-out-loud moments, thanks to Bynes's spot-on comedic timing and delivery.

She is able to perfectly capture the awkwardness and uncertainty of a teenage boy, while still maintaining her own unique brand of humor.

The supporting cast is also excellent, with Channing Tatum, Laura Ramsey, and Vinnie Jones all giving memorable performances.

The film's director, Andy Fickman, does a great job of balancing the humor with the drama, creating a film that is both funny and heartwarming.

She's the Man is a classic teen comedy that is sure to please fans of the genre.

Bynes's performance is a standout, and the film is full of laugh-out-loud moments.

If you're looking for a fun and entertaining movie to watch, I highly recommend checking out She's the Man.

In addition to being a great comedy, She's the Man is also a film with a strong message about gender equality.

Viola's decision to disguise herself as a boy in order to play on the boys' soccer team is a powerful statement about the importance of breaking down gender stereotypes.

The film shows that girls can be just as good as boys at sports, and that they should not be held back by their gender.

She's the Man is a film that is both funny and inspiring.

It is a great choice for anyone who is looking for a feel-good movie with a message.

Katika filamu ya ucheshi wa vijana ya 2006, She's the Man, Amanda Bynes ni mhusika Viola Hastings, mwanafunzi wa shule ya upili anayejifanya mvulana ili acheze katika timu ya kandanda ya wavulana.

Filamu hiyo ina matukio ya kuchekesha watu, kwa sababu ya umahiri na ucheshi wa Bynes.

Ameweza kudhihirisha vyema hali isiyo ya kawaida na kukanganyikiwa kwa mvulana barobaro, huku bado akidumisha uigizaji wake maalum wa ucheshi.

Wahusika wengine pia wamefanya vyema, huku Channing Tatum, Laura Ramsey na Vinnie Jones wote wakionyesha umahiri wao.

Mwelekezi wa filamu hiyo, Andy Fickman, amefanya kazi njema ya kusawazisha kati ya ucheshi na vituko, hivyo kubuni filamu ya kufurahisha na pia ya kutuliza moyo.

She's the Man ni filamu ya ucheshi ya vijana barobaro inayowafaa mashabiki wa aina hiyo ya sanaa.

Utendaji wa Bynes ni wa kipekee, na filamu hiyo imejaa matukio ya kuchekesha.

Ikiwa unatafuta filamu ya kufurahisha na kuburudisha ya kutazama, ninapendekeza sana utazame She's the Man.

Pamoja na kuwa filamu murwa ya ucheshi, She's the Man pia inaangazia suala la usawa wa kijinsia.

Uamuzi wa Viola wa kujifanya kuwa mvulana ili acheze katika timu ya kandanda ya wavulana inasisitiza umuhimu wa kufutilia mbali kasumba za kijinsia.

Filamu hii inaonyesha kuwa wasichana wanaweza kuwa na ujuzi sawa na wavulana katika spoti, na kwamba hawapaswi kubaguliwa kijinsia.

She's the Man ni filamu ambayo kando na kuchekesha, pia inahamasisha.

Ni chaguo bora kwa yeyote anayetafuta filamu ya kuhamasisha.


Albert Einstein was a German-born theoretical physicist who developed the theory of relativity, one of the two pillars of modern physics (alongside quantum mechanics).

His work is also known for its influence on the philosophy of science.

Einstein is best known in popular culture for his mass–energy equivalence formula E = mc2 (which has been dubbed "the world's most famous equation").

Einstein was born in Ulm, in the Kingdom of Württemberg, German Empire, on 14 March 1879.

He showed an early aptitude for mathematics and physics.

In 1905, at the age of 26, Einstein published four groundbreaking papers that transformed physics.

These include his special relativity theory, which introduced the concepts of space and time as a single unified continuum, and his general relativity theory, which proposed that gravity is not a force, but is instead a curvature of spacetime.

Einstein's work led to a new understanding of the universe, and had a profound impact on the development of modern physics.

He received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921 for his explanation of the photoelectric effect.

Einstein was a pacifist and a strong advocate for social justice.

Albert Einstein ni mzaliwa wa Ujerumani na alikuwa mwana-nadharia ya fizikia ambaye alibuni nadharia ya utegemezi, mojawapo ya nguzo mbili za fizikia za kisasa (pamoja na sayansi kuhusu atomu).

Kazi yake pia inatambulika kwa kuchangia katika falsafa ya sayansi.

Einstein anafahamika zaidi kutokana na fomula yake ya usawazisho ya uzani–nishati E = mc2 (ambayo imetajwa kuwa "fomula maarufu zaidi duniani").

Einstein alizaliwa kule Ulm, katika ufalme wa Württemberg, Utawala wa Ujerumani, tarehe 14 Machi, 1879.

Alionyesha weledi katika hisabati na fizikia akiwa mchanga.

Mnamo 1905, akiwa na umri wa miaka 26, Einstein alichapisha hati nne kuu ambazo zilichangia pakubwa katika fizikia.

Hizi zilikuwa pamoja na nadharia yake maalum ya utegemezi, ambayo ilileta dhana ya nafasi na muda kama mwendelezo wa mmoja, na nadharia yake ya jumla ya utegemezi, ambayo ilipendekeza kwamba uvutano si msukumo, bali ni mpindo wa muda-anga.

Kazi ya Einstein ilisababisha uelewa mpya wa ulimwengu, na ilichangia pakubwa katika kubuniwa kwa fizikia ya kisasa.

Alipokea Tuzo la Nobel katika Fizikia mwaka wa 1921 kwa maelezo yake kuhusu fotoelektriki.

Einstein alikuwa mpenda amani na alitetea sana haki za kijamii.


Many people wake up before sunrise to start their day's work.

Farmers may rise before dawn to milk their cows or tend to their crops.

Fishermen may go out to sea before the sun comes up.

People who work in the city may also wake up early to catch the bus or train to work.

Once people are up, they typically eat a simple breakfast of porridge, bread, or tea.

Many people in The Gambia wear traditional clothing, such as long dresses or skirts for women and long pants or shirts for men.

After breakfast, people go about their daily activities.

Children go to school, while adults go to work.

Many people in The Gambia work in agriculture, fishing, or tourism.

Others work in government, business, or education.

In the afternoon, people may take a break from work to relax or socialize.

They may go for a walk, visit friends and family, or play games.

In the evening, people often eat dinner with their families.

Dinner is typically a simple meal of rice, vegetables, and meat or fish.

Watu wengi huamka kabla ya jua kuchomoza ili kuanza kazi zao za siku.

Wakulima wanaweza kuamka kabla ya kucha ili kukama ng'ombe wao na kushughulikia mazao yao shambani.

Wavuvi wanaweza kwenda baharini kabla ya jua kuchomoza.

Wanaofanya kazi mjini wanaweza pia kuamka mapema ili kuabiri basi au treni kwenda kazini.

Watu wakishaamka, kwa kawaida wao hupata kiamsha kinywa chepesi cha uji, mkate au chai.

Watu wengi nchini Gambia huvalia mavazi ya kitamaduni, kama vile marinda au sketi ndefu kwa wanawake na suruali ndefu na shati kwa wanaume.

Pia wanaweza kufunga kitambaa au kuvalia kofia kichwani.

Baada ya kiamsha kinywa, watu huenda kufanya shughuli zao za kila siku.

Watoto huenda shuleni, nao watu wazima huenda kazini.

Watu wengi nchini Gambia wanafanya kazi za kilimo, uvuvi au utalii.

Wengine wanafanya kazi serikalini, katika biashara au sekta ya elimu.

Nyakati za mchana, watu wanaweza kupumzika baada ya kazi ili kutulia au kutangamana na wengine.

Wanaweza kwenda matembezi, kutembelea familia na marafiki au kucheza michezo.

Nyakati za jioni, watu hula chajio pamoja na familia zao.

Chajio kwa kawaida huwa chakula chepesi cha wali, mboga na nyama au samaki.


The gadgets and utensils of the kitchen are a language, a means of communication between cook and food.

The whisk, the tongs, the ladle, the spatula - each has its own meaning, its own purpose.

To use them well is to understand the language of cooking, to season the dish with the flavors of experience and skill.

The whisk is a whisk, the tongs are tongs, and the ladle is a ladle.

But in the hands of a skilled cook, they become something more: they become extensions of the cook's own body, tools that allow him or her to express creativity and passion.

With a whisk, the cook can whip up a frothy batter or emulsify a delicate sauce.

With tongs, he or she can flip a steak or turn a roast.

With a ladle, he or she can ladle out a steaming bowl of soup or sauce.

The gadgets and utensils of the kitchen are more than just tools.

They are a means of expression, a way to create something beautiful and delicious.

Vifaa na vyombo vya jikoni ni lugha na njia ya mawasiliano kati ya mpishi na chakula.

Kikorogeo, koleo, kijicho chenye sehemu ndefu ya kushikilia, mwiko, kila moja kina maana na kazi yake.

Kuvitumia vyema ni kuelewa lugha ya upishi, kuandaa chakula kwa ladha zinazoonyesha uzoefu na ujuzi.

Kikorogeo ni kikorogeo, koleo ni koleo na vijiko kirefu ni kijiko kirefu.

Lakini mikononi mwa mpishi hodari, huwa ni zana muhimu: vinakuwa sehemu ya mwili wa mpishi, zana zinazomwezesha kujieleza kwa ubunifu na ari.

Akiwa na kikorogeo, mpishi anaweza kucharaza mchanganyiko wa viungo au kufanya mchuzi uwe mwororo.

Akiwa na koleo, anaweza kugeuza nyama au kupindua chakula anachochoma.

Akiwa na vijiko kirefu, anaweza kuchota mchuzi au supu moto kutoka kwenye bakuli.

Vifaa na vyombo vya jikoni ni zaidi ya zana.

Ni namna ya kujieleza na njia ya kubuni kitu kizuri na kitamu.


A seed is a small, dormant plant embryo that is capable of developing into a new plant under the right conditions.

When a seed sprouts, it begins to grow roots and shoots.

The roots anchor the plant in the soil and absorb water and nutrients from the ground.

The shoots grow upwards towards the sun, and the leaves begin to photosynthesize, producing food for the plant.

As the plant grows, it develops a stem, leaves, flowers, and fruit.

The flowers produce seeds, which are dispersed by wind, water, or animals.

When a seed lands in a suitable location, it can germinate and begin the process of growth all over again.

The process of seed germination is a marvel of nature.

It is a testament to the power of life and the resilience of the natural world.

When a seed sprouts, it is a sign of hope and new beginnings.

Mbegu ni sehemu ndogo, kuu ya mmea ambayo inaweza kukua na kuwa mmea mpya katika hali zinazofaa.

Mbegu inapochipuka, huanza kumea mizizi na miche.

Mizizi hiyo hushikilia mmea kwenye udongo na kufyonza maji na lishe kutoka ardhini.

Miche huchomoza na kukua ikielekea juu, nayo majani huanza usanidinuru, kutengeneza chakula kwa ajili ya mmea.

Mmea unavyoendelea kua, unapata shina, majani, maua na matunda.

Maua yatoa mbegu ambazo husambazwa na upepo, maji au wanyama.

Mbegu zinapoanguka kwenye mchanga wenye rutuba, zinaweza kuota na kuanza mchakato wa ukuaji tena.

Mchakato wa kuota kwa mbegu ni jambo la ajabu.

Ni ushahidi wa kuwepo kwa nguvu ya uhai na ustahimilivu wa dunia asilia.

Mbegu zinapochipuka, ni ishara ya matumaini na mwanzo mpya.


You have been given a clear and concise warning.

You have been told that if you continue to engage in this behavior, you will be banned.

You have now had two chances to correct your behavior, and you have failed to do so.

As a result, you will now be banned from this forum.

This ban is permanent, and you will not be allowed to create a new account or participate in this forum in any way.

We hope that this ban will serve as a warning to others who may be tempted to engage in similar behavior.

We will not tolerate this type of behavior on our forum, and we will take action to protect our community from it.

If you have any questions about this ban, please do not hesitate to contact us.

Umepewa onyo la wazi na la moja kwa moja.

Umefahamishwa kuwa ukiendelea na tabia hii, utapigwa marufuku.

Kufikia sasa umekuwa na nafasi mara mbili kurekebisha tabia yako, lakini umekosa kufanya hivyo.

Kutokana na hayo, umepigwa marufuku kwenye huduma hii kuanzia sasa.

Marufuku haya ni ya kudumu na hutaruhusiwa kufungua akaunti mpya au kushiriki kwenye huduma hii kwa njia yoyote ile.

Tunatumai kuwa marufuku hii itakuwa onyo kwa wengine wanaotaka kutekeleza kitendo sawia.

Hatutaruhusu tabia hii kwenye huduma yetu, na tutachukua hatua ili kulinda jumuiya yetu dhidi yake.

Ikiwa una maswali yoyote kuhusu marufuku hii, tafadhali usisite kuwasiliana nasi.


"What the hell are you doing, you idiot?!"

"You cut me off! You almost made me crash!"

"I'm sorry, I didn't mean to. I was just trying to get around that slow-moving truck."

"Well, you could have at least used your turn signal!"

"No, you didn't! You just pulled right out in front of me!"

"I'm telling you, I used my turn signal!"

"Whatever. You're still a terrible driver."

"Oh, yeah? Well, I'm a better writer than you are!"

"It's not debatable! I'm Ernest Hemingway!"

"Ernest Hemingway! The greatest writer of all time!"

"Unafanya kitu gani wewe, mpumbavu wewe?!"

"Umesimama mbele yangu! Ningepata ajali!"

"Samahani, sikukusudia kufanya hivyo. Nilikuwa najaribu tu kupita lile lori lililokuwa likiendeshwa poleple."

"Naam, angalau ungewasha taa kuonyesha kuwa unageuka!"

"Hapana, hukufanya hivyo! Ulichomoka tu moja kwa moja ukaja mbele yangu!"

"Niamini, niliwasha taa kuonyesha nageuka!"

"Hata kama. Wewe ni dereva asiyefuata masharti."

"Ndiyo? Naam, mimi ni mwandishi bora kukuliko!"

"Hakuna cha kujadili hapo! Mimi ni Ernest Hemingway!"

"Ernest Hemingway! Mwandishi bora zaidi aliyepo!"


Grace: Can you tell me a little bit about its history?

Teacher: Of course. Tea originated in China, where it has been cultivated for over 5,000 years.

The first written record of tea dates back to the 3rd century BC, when it was mentioned in a Chinese medical text.

Tea was originally used as a medicinal herb, but it quickly became a popular drink among Chinese people of all social classes.

Grace: What about outside of China? When did tea start to spread to other parts of the world?

Teacher: Tea was first introduced to Europe in the 16th century by Portuguese traders.

It quickly became popular among European elites, and by the 18th century, tea had become a staple of British culture.

In the 19th century, tea was also introduced to North America, where it became a popular drink among both colonists and Native Americans.

Grace: That's really interesting.I never knew that tea had such a long history.

Teacher: It's a fascinating story, and it's one that's still being written today.

Grace: Unaweza kunielezea kidogo kuhusu historia yake?

Mwalimu: Bila shaka. Kilimo cha chai kilianzia Uchina na sasa ni zaidi ya miaka 5,000 tangu shughuli hiyo kuanza.

Rekodi ya kwanza iliyoandikwa kuhusu chai ilianzia karne ya 3 BC, ilipotajwa katika matini ya kimatibabu ya Kichina.

Mwanzoni chai ilitumika kama tiba ya kiasili, lakini kwa kasi ikawa kinywaji maarufu miongoni mwa Wachina wa matabaka yote ya kijamii.

Grace: Na nje ya Uchina? Chai ilianza kuenea lini katika nchi zingine?

Mwalimu: Chai ilizinduliwa mara ya kwanza Ulaya katika karne ya 16 na wafanyabiashara wa Ureno.

Kwa kasi ikawa maarufu miongoni mwa watu wa matabaka ya juu huko Ulaya, na kufikia karne ya 18, chai ilikuwa inanywewa kote Uingereza.

Katika karne ya 19, chai ilifika pia Amerika Kaskazini, ambapo ilikuwa kinywaji maarufu miongoni mwa wakoloni na Wazaliwa wa Marekani.

Grace: Hiyo inapendeza sana. Sikudhania chai ina historia ndefu hivyo.

Mwalimu: Ni simulizi ya kuvutia, na ni mojawapo ambayo bado inaandikwa hadi leo hii.


During World War II, the Allies and Axis powers used a variety of aircraft to achieve air superiority.

One of the most important factors in determining the outcome of a battle was the accuracy of the aircraft's bombing.

The height at which an aircraft could fly was also a critical factor, as it determined how far it could travel and how much weight it could carry.

The United States developed a number of high-altitude bombers during the war, including the B-17 Flying Fortress and the B-29 Superfortress.

These aircraft were able to fly at altitudes of over 30,000 feet, which made them difficult for enemy fighters to intercept.

They also carried a large payload of bombs, which could be used to attack targets deep behind enemy lines.

The German Luftwaffe also developed a number of high-altitude bombers, including the Heinkel He 177 Greif and the Messerschmitt Me 264 Amerika Bomber.

These aircraft were not as successful as their American counterparts, however, due to a number of technical problems.

Wakati wa Vita vya Pili vya Dunia, Ujerumani na Mataifa ya muungano yalitumia ndege mbalimbali kufanikisha vita vya angani.

Mojawapo ya mambo muhimu katika kuamua matokeo ya vita ilikuwa ni usahihi wa makombora ya ndege.

Kimo ambacho ndege ingepaa pia lilikuwa jambo muhimu la kuzingatia, kwa kuwa hili lilibaini umbali ambao ndege ingepaa na kiwango cha mizigo ambacho ingebeba.

Marekani iliunda ndege kadhaa za mashambulizi ya makombora katika miinuko ya juu wakati wa vita hivyo, ikijumuisha B-17 Flying Fortress na B-29 Superfortress.

Ndege hizi ziliweza kupaa katika miinuko ya juu ya zaidi ya futi 30,000, na hili lilifanya iwe vigumu kushambulia ndege hizo.

Pia zilibeba shehena kubwa la makombora, ambayo yalitumika kushambulia ngome za maadui.

Pia, German Luftwaffe iliunda ndege kadhaa za makomboza za miinuko ya juu, ikijumuisha Heinkel He 177 Greif na Messerschmitt Me 264 Amerika Bomber.

Hata hivyo, ndege hizi hazikuwa madhubuti kama za wenzao wa Amerika, kwa sababu ya matatizo kadhaa ya kiufundi.


You posted a picture of yourself wearing that green rag on social media.

I know you thought it was funny, but it wasn’t.

It was disrespectful to your mother, and it hurt her feelings.

I’m not asking you to apologize because I’m mad at you.

I’m asking you to apologize because it’s the right thing to do.

Your mother loves you, and she deserves your respect.

Please call her today and tell her you’re sorry.

Tell her that you didn’t mean to hurt her feelings, and that you promise to never wear that green rag again.

I know you’re a good person, and I know you love your mother.

So please, do the right thing and apologize.

After you apologize to your mother, I want you to burn that green rag.

It’s a symbol of your disrespect, and it needs to be gone.

I know it might be hard to let go of that rag, but it’s important.

It’s a symbol of your past, and it’s time to move on.

And you don’t need that rag to define you anymore.

And then go hug your mother and tell her you love her.

Ulichapisha picha yako ukiwa umevalia tambara lile la kijani kwenye mtandao wa kijamii.

Ninajua ulifikiri ulikuwa mzaha, lakini sivyo.

Ulimkosea heshima mama yako, na ilimuumiza sana kihisia.

Sio eti nataka uombe msamaha kwa sababu umenikasirisha.

Ningependa uombe msamaha kwa sababu unapaswa kufanya hivyo.

Mamako anakupenda, na unastahili kumheshimu.

Tafadhali mpigie simu leo na umwombe msamaha.

Mwambie kuwa hukukusudia kumuumiza hisia, na kuwa unaahidi kutovalia tena tambara hilo la kijani.

Ninajua wewe ni mzuri, na unampenda mamako.

Kwa hivyo tafadhali, fanya linalostahili na uombe msamaha.

Baada ya kumwomba mama yako msamaha, ninataka uchome tambara hilo la kijani.

Linaashiria utovu wako wa nidhamu, na linafaa kutoweka.

Ninajua huenda ikawa vigumu kuachilia tambara hilo la kijani, lakini ni muhimu.

Ni ishara ya mambo yako yaliyopita, na ni wakati wa kusonga mbele.

Na huhitaji tena lile tambara kujitambulisha.

Kisha uende umkumbatie mamako na umwambie kuwa unampenda.


A car was driving too fast and lost control, swerving into the other lane and hitting a car head-on.

The driver of the first car was killed instantly, and the driver of the second car was seriously injured.

My friend Joseph called me to talk about it.

"It's so sad," he said. "I can't imagine how the families of the victims are coping."

"Me neither," I responded. "It's a reminder that we need to be careful when we're driving.

Even a small mistake can have devastating consequences."

"I agree," replied Jo. "We all need to follow the rules of the road and drive defensively."

"Absolutely," I quickly added. "And we need to be aware of the dangers of distracted driving. Things like texting and talking on the phone can take our attention away from the road and lead to accidents."

"I know," said Jo sheepishly. "I'm guilty of it myself sometimes."

Gari lilikuwa likiendeshwa kwa kasi sana na likapoteza mwelekeo, likayumba hadi kwenye laini nyingine na kugongana ana kwa ana na gari jingine.

Dereva wa gari la kwanza alikufa papo hapo, na dereva wa gari la pili akajeruhiwa vibaya sana.

Rafiki yangu Joseph alinipigia simu ili kunisimulia kisa hicho.

"Inahuzunisha sana", alisema. "Ninawazia tu jinsi jamaa za waathiriwa wanavyohisi."

"Pia mimi," nilijibu. "Inatukumbusha kuwa tunahitaji kuwa waangalifu tunapoendesha magari.

Hata kosa kidogo tu linaweza kusababisha madhara makubwa mno."

"Ninakubalina nawe," Jo alijibu. "Sote tunahitajika kufuata sheria za barabarani na kuendesha gari kwa uangalifu."

"Bila shaka," niliongezea kwa haraka. "Na tunahitaji kufahamu hatari za kumakinikia mengine tunapoendesha gari. Mambo kama kutuma arafa na kuzungumza kwenye simu yanaweza kutufanya kutomakinika barabarani na kusababisha ajali."

"Kweli," Jo alisema kwa ulegevu. "Wakati mwingine ninakosea."


In the small town of Malgudi, there was a corrupt police inspector named Ramasamy.

He would often take bribes from the people he arrested, and he would also use his power to harass and intimidate people.

One day, Ramasamy arrested a young man named Krishnan for a crime he did not commit.

Krishnan was innocent, but Ramasamy refused to listen to him.

He demanded a bribe from Krishnan, and when Krishnan refused to pay, Ramasamy threw him in jail.

Krishnan's father, a poor farmer, was desperate to get his son out of jail.

He went to see Ramasamy and begged him to release Krishnan, but Ramasamy refused.

The farmer then went to the local temple and prayed to God for help.

The next day, the farmer was walking home from the temple when he saw a large snake crossing the road.

The farmer was afraid of snakes, but he knew that he had to do something to help his son.

He picked up the snake and carried it to the police station.

When Ramasamy saw the snake, he was terrified.

Katika mji mdogo wa Malgudi, kulikuwepo na inspekta wa polisi mfisadi kwa jina Ramasamy.

Mara nyingi angepokea hongo kutoka kwa watu aliowakamata, na pia angetumia mamlaka yake kunyanyasa na kutishia watu.

Siku moja, Ramasamy alimkamata kijana mmoja kwa jina Krishnan kwa kosa ambalo hakufanya.

Krishnan hakuwa na hatia, lakini Ramasamy alikataa kumsikiliza.

Alitaka hongo kutoka kwa Krishnan, naye Krishnan alipokataa kulipa, Ramasamy alimfunga jela.

Babake Krishnan ambaye alikuwa mkulima mchochole, alihangaikia kumtoa mwanawe jela.

Alikwenda kumwona Ramasamy na kumsihi amwachilie Krishnan, lakini Ramasamy alikataa.

Kisha mkulima huyo akaenda katika eneo la kuabudu lililokuwa karibu na kumwomba Mungu amsaidie.

Siku iliyofuata, mkulima huyo akitembea kurudi nyumbani kutoka katika eneo la kuabudu, aliona joka kubwa likivuka barabara.

Mkulima huyo aliogopa nyoka, lakini alifahamu kuwa lazima angefanya jambo ili kumsaidia mwanawe.

Alinyanyua nyoka yule na kumpeleka hadi katika kituo cha polisi.

Ramasamy alipomwona nyoka huyo, alihofia.


Dentist: Let me take a look. [Examines the patient's teeth.] Hmm, it looks like you have a cavity.

I'm going to need to drill out the decay and fill the hole.

Dentist: It might be a little uncomfortable, but I'll do my best to make it as painless as possible.

Dentist: (gives the patient a local anesthetic) Okay, this will numb the area so you won't feel anything.

Dentist: (drills out the decay and fills the hole) All done!

Patient: Thank you, doctor. That wasn't so bad.

Dentist: You're welcome. Just be sure to brush and floss regularly to prevent future cavities.

Patient: I will Dentist: (hands the patient a list of instructions) Here are some instructions on how to care for your new filling.

Daktari wa meno: Hebu niangalie. [Anachunguza meno ya mgonjwa.] Naam, inaonekana una tundu.

Nitahitaji kuondoa uozo na kujaza shimo hilo.

Daktari wa meno: Huenda ukahisi maumivu kidogo, lakini nitajitahidi usihisi uchungu.

Daktari wa meno: (anampa mgonjwa dawa ya kufa ganzi) Sawa, dawa hii itatia ganzi katika sehemu hii hivyo hutahisi chochote.

Daktari wa meno: (anaondoa uozo na kujaza shimo hilo) Nimemaliza!

Mgonjwa: Asante, daktari. Haikuwa mbaya sana.

Daktari wa meno: Karibu. Hakikisha tu umepiga mswaki na kutumia uzi mwembamba kuondoa uchafu kila mara ili kuzuia mashimo kwenye meno siku zijazo.

Mgonjwa: Nitafanya hivyo Daktari: (anampa mgonjwa maagizo yaliyoandikwa) Haya hapa maagizo kuhusu jinsi ya kutunza jino lililoshughulikiwa.


Dear [Name], I hope this letter finds you well.

I'm writing to you from our family farm, where the harvest has been going well this year.

We're expecting a bumper crop of sugarcane, which is used to make rum.

Rum is a distilled spirit made from sugarcane molasses or sugarcane juice.

It's typically aged in wooden barrels, which gives it its characteristic flavor.

Rum can be enjoyed neat, on the rocks, or mixed in cocktails.

There are many different types of rum, each with its own unique flavor profile.

Some of the most popular types of rum include light rum, dark rum, and spiced rum.

Light rum is typically made from molasses and has a light, sweet flavor.

Dark rum is made from sugarcane juice and has a richer, more complex flavor.

Spiced rum is made with added spices, such as cinnamon, nutmeg, and cloves.

Rum is a versatile spirit that can be used in a variety of cocktails.

Some classic rum cocktails include the daiquiri, the mojito, and the pina colada.

Rum can also be used in more creative cocktails, such as the Hemingway Daiquiri or the Painkiller.

Ninakuandikia kutoka kwenye shamba letu la familia, ambapo mavuno yamekuwa mazuri mwaka huu.

Tunatarajia mazao mengi ya miwa, inayotumiwa kutengeneza ramu.

Ramu ni pombe iliyochujwa na iliyotengenezwa kutoka kwa molasi au maji ya miwa.

Kwa kawaida, huhifadhiwa kwenye mapipa ya mbao na hii huipa ladha yake ya kipekee.

Unaweza kufarahia ramu kavu, ikiwa na barafu, au ikichanganywa na vinywaji vingine.

Kuna aina tofauti za ramu, kila moja ina ladha yake ya kipekee.

Baadhi ya aina maarufu za ramu ni pamoja na ramu nyeupe, ramu nyeusi, na ramu iliyotiwa vikolezo.

Kwa kawaida ramu nyeupe hutengenezwa kutoka kwa molasi na ina ladha tamu nyororo.

Ramu nyeusi hutengenezwa kutoka kwa maji ya miwa na ina ladha nzuri, na changamano zaidi.

Ramu iliyotiwa vikolezo hutengenezwa kwa kuongeza viungo, kama vile mdalasini, kungumanga, na karafuu.

Ramu ni mvinyo nyumbufu unaoweza kutumiwa katika michanganyiko mbalimbali ya vileo.

Baadhi ya michanganyiko murwa ya ramu inajumuisha daiquiri, mojito, na pina colada.

Pia ramu inaweza kutumika kwenye michanganyiko zaidi, kama vile Hemingway Daiquiri au Painkiller.


We must reject the forces of division and hate.

We must break the chains of poverty and ignorance.

And we must bind ourselves together in a common purpose: to build a better future for Nigeria.

The destiny of Nigeria is not to be a land of division and conflict.

It is to be a land of unity and progress.

It is to be a land where everyone has a chance to succeed, regardless of their background or circumstances.

But we cannot achieve this future without working together.

We must reject the forces that seek to divide us and come together as one people.

We must break the chains of poverty and ignorance that hold us back.

Let us reject, break and bind the forces that seek to control and pervert our destiny.

Let us come together as one people and build a better future for all.

Lazima tuvunje minyororo ya umaskini na kutokujua.

Na lazima tuungane pamoja kwa kusudi moja: kujenga mustakabali wa Naijeria wa siku zijazo.

Hatima ya Naijeria sio kuwa nchi ya utengano na migogoro.

Ni kuwa nchi ambapo kila mtu ana fursa ya kufaulu, licha ya historia au hali yake.

Lakini hatuwezi kutimiza maono haya ya siku zijazo bila kushirikiana.

Lazima tukatae kutengana na tuje pamoja kama taifa moja.

Lazima tuvunje minyonyoro ya umaskini na kutojua inayoturudisha nyuma.

Hebu tukatae, tupinge na tuzuie kinacholenga kuteka na kupotosha hatima yetu.

Tuungane pamoja kama taifa moja na tujenge mustakabali wetu sote.


"Complete your Amazon shopping experience with our new and improved ad service!" the ad read.

"With our service, you'll never have to worry about missing out on a great deal again.

Just sit back and relax, and we'll take care of the rest.

Our service is completely free to use, and it's easy to get started.

Just sign up for an account and start adding products to your cart.

When you're ready to check out, our service will automatically find the best deals for you and apply them to your order.

Sign up for our service today and start saving money on all your Amazon purchases!"

As the customer clicked on the ad, they were whisked away to a new website.

The website was full of ads for all sorts of products, all of which were supposedly on sale.

The customer was tempted to buy a few things, but they hesitated.

They had heard stories about people getting scammed by online ads, and they didn't want to be one of them.

The customer decided to do some research on the company that was running the ad.

They found a few negative reviews, but most of the reviews were positive.

"Boresha hali yako ya ununuzi kwenye Amazon kupitia huduma yetu mpya na iliyoboreshwa ya matangazo!" usomaji wa matangazo.

"Kwa kutumia huduma yetu, hutapitwa na ofa yoyote maalum.

Tulia tu na ustarehe, na tutashughulikia kila kitu.

Huduma yetu hailipishwi, na unaweza kuanza kuitumia kwa urahisi.

Jisajili tu kwa kufungua akaunti kisha uanze kuongeza bidhaa kwenye kikapu chako.

Ukiwa tayari kufanya malipo, huduma yetu itakutafutia ofa bora na kuziteua kwenye agizo lako.

Jisajili kutumia huduma yetu leo na uanze kuokoa pesa kwa ununuzi wote unaofanya kwenye Amazon!"

Mteja alipobofya tangazo, alielekezwa kwenye tovuti nyingine.

Tovuti hiyo ilikuwa na matangazo mengi ya bidhaa mbalimbali, na zote hizo zilikuwa zinauzwa.

Mteja alishawishika kununua vitu vichache, lakini akasita.

Alikuwa amesikia kuhusu matukio ya watu kulaghaiwa kupitia matangazo ya mtandaoni, na hakutaka kuwa miongoni mwao.

Mteja aliamua kuchunguza kampuni iliyokuwa ikiendesha tangazo hilo.

Alipata maoni machache hasi, lakini mengi yazo yalikuwa chanya.


It had cold, wet fur and its eyes were like coals.

It growled at me and I could smell its breath, hot and reeking of death.

I knew that I must run, but my legs were leaden and I could not move.

The dog came closer and closer, its teeth bared.

I closed my eyes and waited for the end.

It was a woman's voice, soft and gentle.

"Do not be afraid," she said. "I will help you."

I opened my eyes and saw the woman standing in front of me.

She was tall and slender, with long black hair and dark eyes.

She wore a white dress that flowed around her like a mist.

"Who are you?" I asked. "I am the Angel of Death," she said.

"I have come to take you to the other side." I was not afraid anymore.

I knew that the woman would take me to a place where there was no pain or suffering.

As we walked, the black dog followed us.

Manyoya yake yalikuwa baridi na yenye unyevunyevu, na macho yake yalikuwa kama makaa ya mawe.

Aliningurumia na ningehisi harufu ya pumzi yake, ilikuwa moto na yenye kunuka kifo.

Nilijua kuwa lazima nikimbie, lakini miguu yangu ilikuwa mizito na nisingeweza kusonga.

Mbwa alinikaribia zaidi, na meno yake yalikuwa wazi.

Nilifumba macho yangu na kusubiri mwisho wangu.

Ilikuwa sauti ya mwanamke, nyororo na ya upole.

Nilifumbua macho yangu na nikamwona mwanamke amesimama mbele yangu.

Alikuwa mrefu na mwembamba, na mwenye nywele ndefu nyeusi na macho meusi.

Alikuwa amevalia nguo nyeupe iliyokuwa imemfunika mithili ya ukungu.

"Wewe ni nani?" Niliuliza. "Mimi ni Malaika wa Kifo," alisema.

"Nimekuja kukuvusha hadi upande ule mwingine." Sikuhofia tena.

Nilijua kuwa mwanamke huyo angenipeleka mahali pasipo na dhiki wala mateso.

Nilimshika mkono wake na akaniondoa pale.

Tukitembea, mbwa yule mweusi alitufuata.


I'm Dr. Boakye, a pediatrician at the Korle Bu Teaching Hospital.

I'm here today to talk to you about the new malaria vaccine that's been approved for use in Ghana.

Father: I'm not interested in having my children vaccinated.

Doctor: I understand that you're concerned, but I'd like to take a few minutes to explain why I think it's a good idea to vaccinate your children against malaria.

Father: I don't need to be convinced. Malaria is a serious disease, but it's not that common in our village.

Doctor: That's true, but malaria is still a major public health problem in Ghana. In 2020, there were over 24 million cases of malaria in Ghana, and over 4,000 people died from the disease

Father: But my children are healthy. They've never had malaria

Doctor: That's good, but it doesn't mean they're immune. Anyone can get malaria, even if they've never had it before.

Mimi ni Dkt. Boakye, daktari wa watoto katika Hospitali ya Mafunzo ya Korle Bu.

Niko hapa kukuzungumzia kuhusu chanjo mpya ya malaria ambayo imeidhinishwa kutumika nchini Ghana.

Baba: Singependa watoto wangu wapokee chanjo.

Daktari: Ninaelewa kuwa una wasiwasi, lakini ningependa kuchukua dakika chache kuelezea kwa nini ninapenekeza watoto wako wapokee chanjo dhidi ya malaria.

Baba: Sihitaji kushawishiwa. Malaria ni ugonjwa hatari, lakini sio kawaida sana katika kijiji chetu.

Daktari: Kweli, lakini bado malaria ni tatizo kubwa la kiafya nchini Ghana. Mwaka wa 2020, zaidi ya watu milioni 24 waliaambukizwa malaria nchini Ghana, na zaidi ya watu 4,000 waliaga dunia kutokana na ugonjwa huo

Baba: Lakini watoto wangu wana afya. Hajawahi kuugua malaria

Daktari: Hiyo ni vizuri, lakini haimaanishi kuwa wana kinga. Mtu yeyote anaweza kupata malaria, hata iwapo hajawahi kuugua awali.


"So, I was just on the internet, minding my own business, when I saw this pop-up ad that said I had a virus on my computer.

But then I clicked on it, and it took me to this website that looked really official, and it said that I needed to download this software to fix the virus.

So I did, and I installed it, and then it started filling my computer with all this malware.

I tried to uninstall it, but it wouldn't let me.

I finally had to take my computer to a repair shop, and they had to wipe the whole thing and reinstall Windows.

So, that's why I'm always so careful about clicking on pop-up ads.

You never know what they're going to do.

They could be filled with malware, or they could steal your personal information.

If you ever see a pop-up ad that looks suspicious, just close it and don't click on it.

And if you're ever not sure whether or not it's safe, just don't do it.

"Nilikuwa nikivinjari kwenye intaneti, nikijishughulisha na mambo yangu, nilipoona tangazo hili lililojitokeza likisema kuwa kompyuta yangu ina virusi.

Lakini nilibofya tangazo hilo, na likanielekeza kwenye tovuti nyingine iliyoonekana kuwa rasmi, kisha nikaona maelekezo kuwa ninahitaji kupakua programu fulani ili kuondoa virusi hivyo.

Basi nikafanya hivyo, na nikaisakinisha, kisha ikaanza kujaza programu hasidi kwenye kompyuta yangu.

Nilijaribu kuiondoa, lakini haikuniruhusu kufanya hivyo.

Hatimaye nililazimika kupeleka kompyuta yangu kwenye karakana ya kuzitengeneza, na walilazimika kufuta kila kitu na kusakinisha Windows upya.

Hivyo, ndiyo maana mimi huwa mwangalifu sana kuhusu kubofya matangazo yanayojitokeza.

Huenda yakawa na programu hasidi au yanaweza kuiba data yako binafsi.

Wakati wowote ukiona kidirisha ibukizi kinachoonekana cha kutiliwa shaka, kifunge tu na usikibofye.

Na ikiwa huna uhakika kuhusu usalama wake, usibofye.


Here is a delicious pork dish from the county of Lancashire.

Ingredients: 1kg pork belly, 1 tbsp English mustard, 1 tbsp black treacle, 1 tbsp cider vinegar, 1 tbsp Worcestershire sauce, 1 tbsp vegetable oil, 1 large onion, 4 cloves garlic, 2 bay leaves, 1 sprig of thyme, 100ml cider, 100ml chicken stock, 1 tbsp cornflour, 2 tbsp cold water.

2. Trim the pork belly of any excess fat and score the skin in a criss-cross pattern.

3. In a bowl, mix together the mustard, treacle, vinegar, Worcestershire sauce and oil.

Rub this mixture all over the pork belly.

4. Place the pork belly in a roasting tin and roast in the oven for 2 hours, or until the skin is golden brown and the meat is cooked through.

5. While the pork is roasting, finely chop the onion, garlic, bay leaves and thyme.

Hiki hapa ni chakula kitamu cha nyama ya nguruwe kutoka jimbo la Lancashire.

Viungo: kilo 1 ya nyama ya nguruwe, kijiko 1 cha mzeituni wa Kiingereza, kijiko 1 cha asalimiwa cheusi, kijiko 1 cha siki ya sida, kijiko 1 cha mchuzi wa Worcestershire, kijiko 1 cha mafuta ya kupikia, kitunguu 1 kikubwa, vipande 4 vya kitunguu saumu, majani 2 ya mdalasini, kipande 1 cha thaimu, mililita 100 ya sida, mililita 100 ya mchuzi wa kuku, kijiko 1 cha unga wa mahindi, vijiko 2 vya maji baridi.

1. Pasha tanuri moto kwanza hadi digrii 180.

2. Ondoa mafuta ya ziada kwenye kipande cha nyama ya nguruwe na uikatekate.

3. Kwenye bakuli, changanya mafuta ya mzeituni, asalimiwa, siki, mchuzi wa Worcestershire na mafuta.

Paka mchanganyiko huu kwenye nyama yote ya nguruwe.

4. Weka nyama ya nguruwe kwenye sehemu ya kuchomea na uchome kwenye tanuri kwa saa 2, au hadi ngozi igeuke kuwa kahawia na nyama iwe imeiva yote.

5. Ukiendelea kuchoma nyama, katakata vitunguu, vitunguu saumu, majani ya mdalasini na thaimu, vipande vidogo-vidogo.


Nelson Mandela is a South African anti-apartheid revolutionary, political leader, and philanthropist who served as the first black president of South Africa from 1994 to 1999.

He is widely regarded as one of the most significant figures in world history.

Mandela was born in 1918 in Mvezo, South Africa.

He grew up in a rural village and was educated at a Methodist mission school.

After high school, he studied law at the University of Fort Hare.

In 1944, he joined the African National Congress (ANC), a political organization that was fighting against apartheid.

Mandela was arrested for his political activities in 1962 and sentenced to life in prison.

He spent 27 years in prison, during which time he became a symbol of the anti-apartheid movement.

In 1990, Mandela was released from prison and elected president of South Africa in 1994.

As president, Mandela worked to unite South Africa and promote reconciliation between blacks and whites.

He also oversaw the end of apartheid and the transition to a democratic government.

Mandela is a Nobel Peace Prize laureate and has been awarded numerous other honors.

Nelson Mandela ni mwanamapinduzi dhidi ya ubaguzi wa rangi, kiongozi wa kisiasa, na mfadhili nchini Afrika Kusini aliyehudumu kama rais wa kwanza mweusi wa Afrika Kusini kuanzia mwaka wa 1994 hadi 1999.

Anafahamika pakubwa kama mmoja wa watu maarufu sana wa kihistoria duniani.

Mandela alizaliwa mwaka wa 1918 huko Mvezo, Afrika Kusini.

Alikulia kijijini na alipata elimu katika shule ya misheni ya Wamethodisti.

Baada ya shule ya upili, alisomea sheria katika Chuo Kikuu cha Fort Hare.

Mnamo 1944, alijiunga na chama cha kisiasa cha African National Congress (ANC), kilichokuwa kikipambana dhidi ya ubaguzi wa rangi.

Mandela alikamatwa kwa sababu ya harakati zake za kisiasa mwaka wa 1962 na akahukumiwa kifungo cha maisha gerezani.

Alifungwa kwa miaka 27, na wakati huo akawa kielelezo kwa vuguvugu la mapambano dhidi ya ubaguzi wa rangi.

Mnamo 1990, Mandela aliachiliwa kutoka gerezani na akachaguliwa kuwa rais wa Afrika Kusini mwaka wa 1994.

Kama rais, Mandela alijitahidi kuunganisha Afrika Kusini na kudumisha uwiano kati ya waafrika weusi na wazungu.

Pia alishuhudia kukomeshwa kwa ubaguzi wa rangi na mpito wa serikali ya demokrasia.

Mandela ni mshindi wa Tuzo ya Amani ya Nobel na amepokea tuzo zingine nyingi za heshima.


After school, I usually go home and do my homework.

Then I might watch TV or play video games.

We might go to the movies, or to a park, or just hang out at someone's house.

Then I might go shopping, or see a movie, or go to a museum.

I also like to spend time with my family.

We might go out to dinner, or play games, or just watch TV together.

I'm really enjoying my life after school.

I have a lot of freedom, and I can do whatever I want.

I'm also learning a lot about myself, and about the world around me.

I'm excited to see what the future holds.

Baada ya shule, huwa ninaelekea nyumbani na kufanya kazi niliyopewa shuleni.

Kisha ninaweza kutazama televisheni au kucheza michezo ya video.

Wakati mwingine huwa ninakwenda kujivinjari na marafiki zangu.

Tunaweza kwenda kutazama filamu, au kwenye bustani au kukutana manyumbani mwetu.

Kisha ninaweza kwenda kufanya ununuzi, kutazama filamu au kuzuru makavazi.

Pia ninapenda kutangamana na familia yangu.

Tunaweza kwenda kula chajio au kucheza michezo au kutazama televisheni pamoja.

Nina uhuru mwingi sana na ninaweza kufanya ninachotaka.

Pia ninajifunza mengine kujihusu na kuhusu ulimwengu ulionizunguka.


Using data to help people with mental health issues is a relatively new field, but it is showing great promise.

One example is the use of data to personalize therapy for patients.

By looking at a patient's individual data, therapists can better understand their needs and create a treatment plan that is tailored to them.

This can lead to better outcomes for patients, as they are more likely to receive the help that they need.

One study, which was published in the journal "JAMA Psychiatry," found that patients who received personalized therapy based on their data were more likely to improve their symptoms than those who received standard therapy.

The study also found that the patients who received personalized therapy were more likely to stay in treatment for longer periods of time.

This study is just one example of how data can be used to improve mental health care.

As more research is done in this area, we can expect to see even more advances in the use of data to help people with mental health issues.

My sister is a therapist who uses data to help her patients.

Kutumia data kuwasaidia walio na matatizo ya kiakili ni taaluma mpya kiasi, lakini inaonyesha matumaini makubwa.

Mfano mmoja ni matumizi ya data kubaini matibabu yanayomfaa mgonjwa kulingana na hali yake.

Kwa kuangalia data binafsi ya mgonjwa, daktari anaweza kuelewa vizuri mahitaji yake na kuandaa mpango wa matibabu unaomfaa.

Hii itawasaidia wagonjwa kutibiwa kwa njia bora kwani uwezekano ni kuwa watapokea matibabu mahususi wanayohitaji.

Utafiti mmoja, uliochapishwa kwenye jarida la "JAMA Psychiatry," ulibaini kuwa wagonjwa wanaopokea matibabu yaliyobinafsishwa kulingana na data yao wana uwezekano zaidi wa kupata afueni ikilinganishwa na wanaopokea matibabu ya kijumla.

Pia, utafiti huo ulibaini kuwa wagonjwa waliopokea matibabu yaliyobinafsishwa walikuwa na uwezekano zaidi wa kuendelea kupata matibabu kwa muda mrefu.

Utafiti huu ni mfano mmoja tu wa jinsi ambavyo data inaweza kutumika kuimarisha huduma za afya ya kiakili.

Kadri utafiti zaidi unavyofanywa katika taaluma hii, tunaweza kutarajia kuona maboresho zaidi ya matumizi ya data katika kuwasaidia walio na matatizo ya kiakili.

Dada yangu ni daktari na hutumia data kuwahudumia wagonjwa wake.


Freshwater lakes are home to a wide variety of flora and fauna, from microscopic algae to large fish and mammals.

The unique environment of freshwater lakes provides a variety of habitats for these organisms, and the interactions between them are complex and fascinating.

One of the most striking features of freshwater lakes is the presence of a distinct zonation of plant life, which is determined by the depth of the water and the amount of sunlight that reaches the bottom.

In shallow areas, where there is plenty of light, a dense mat of rooted plants known as a "macrophyte bed" forms.

This provides a habitat for a variety of invertebrates, fish, and amphibians.

In deeper areas, where there is less light, the water column is dominated by phytoplankton, which are microscopic algae that float freely in the water.

These organisms are the primary producers in the lake ecosystem, and they are the basis of the food chain.

The fauna of freshwater lakes is also diverse, and includes a wide variety of fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals.

Fish are the most abundant vertebrates in freshwater lakes, and they play a vital role in the food chain.

Some of the most common fish species in freshwater lakes include trout, bass, pike, and perch.

Maziwa ya maji safi ni makao ya mimea na wanyama mbalimbali, kuanzia mimea midogo ya mwani hadi samaki wakubwa na mamalia.

Mazingira ya kipekee ya maziwa ya maji safi ni ikolojia anuwai kwa viumbe hawa, na maingiliano kati yao ni changamano na ya kuvutia.

Mojawapo ya sifa kuu zaidi za maziwa ya maji safi ni uwepo wa ukanda tofauti wa mimea, unaolingana na kina cha maji na kiwango cha miale ya jua kinachofika chini.

Kwenye maeneo ya kina kifupi palipo na mwangaza wa kutosha, pana mshikamano wa mimea mingi yenye mizizi uitwao "utando wa makrofaiti".

Haya ni makao kwa wanyama wasio na uti wa mgongo, samaki, na amfibia mbalimbali.

Katika maeneo ya kina zaidi, pasipo na mwangaza wa kutosha, safu ya maji ina na mimea ya planktoni, ambayo ni mimea midogo ya mwani inayoelea huru majini.

Viumbe hawa ni wazalishaji msingi katika mfumo wa ikolojia ya ziwa, na ndio chanzo cha msururu wa chakula.

Pia, wapo wanyama tofautitofauti katika maziwa ya maji safi, na wanajumuisha aina mbalimbali za samaki, amfibia, wanyama wanaotambaa, ndege, na mamalia.

Samaki ndio wengi zaidi miongoni mwa walio na uti wa mgongo katika maziwa ya maji safi, na wanatekeleza jukumu muhimu katika msururu wa chakula.

Baadhi ya spishi za samaki wa kawaida katika maziwa ya maji safi inajumuisha tirauti, besi, mshamo, na sangara.


The stainless steel plate is a good conductor of heat, so it can help to dissipate heat from the fire, while the fire proof rock wool is a good insulator, so it can help to prevent the fire from spreading.

In addition, the storage area is also equipped with a fire alarm system, so that if there is a fire, the alarm will sound and the fire department will be notified.

The storage area is also regularly inspected by the fire department, so that any potential fire hazards can be identified and addressed before they become a problem.

As a result of these measures, the storage area is a safe and secure place to store valuable goods.

In addition to the fire safety measures, the storage area is also equipped with a security system to protect against theft.

The security system consists of a surveillance camera, a burglar alarm, and a security guard.

The surveillance camera monitors the area 24 hours a day, the burglar alarm is activated if anyone tries to break in, and the security guard is on duty to patrol the area and respond to any incidents.

As a result of these security measures, the storage area is a safe and secure place to store valuable goods.

Sahani ya chuma cha pua ni kipitishaji kizuri cha joto, kwa hivyo inaweza kusaidia kusambaza joto kutoka kwenye moto, nayo pamba ngumu isiyopitisha moto ni kihifadhi joto kizuri, kwa hivyo kinaweza kusaidia kuzuia moto kusambaa.

Pia, eneo la hifadhi lina king'ora cha moto, ili moto unapotokea, king'ora kinalia na idara ya wazima moto itaarifiwa.

Pia eneo la hifadhi hukaguliwa mara kwa mara na idara ya moto, ili uwezekano wa hatari zozote za moto unaweza kutambuliwa na kushughulikiwa kabla ya kusababisha matatizo.

Kutokana na hatua hizi, eneo la hifadhi ni salama na mahali pazuri pa kuhifadhi bidhaa za thamani.

Pamoja na hatua za usalama dhidi ya moto, eneo la hifadhi pia limewekewa mfumo wa usalama dhidi ya wizi.

Mfumo wa usalama unajumuisha kamera za ulinzi, king'ora, na mlinzi wa usalama.

Kamera ya ulinzi inafuatilia eneo hilo saa 24 kwa siku, king'ora hulia yeyote akijaribu kuvamia eneo hilo, naye mlinzi wa usalama yuko kwenye zamu akizunguka eneo hilo na kushughulikia matukio yoyote.

Kwa sababu ya hatua hizi za usalama, eneo la hifadhi ni salama na mahali pazuri pa kuhifadhia bidhaa za thamani.


Facebook Users Drunkenly Post About Their Lives

Facebook users are getting drunk and posting about their lives, and it's causing a stir.

The social media platform has been flooded with photos and videos of people who are clearly intoxicated, and many of them are sharing personal details about themselves that they wouldn't normally share.

Some users are concerned that the trend is dangerous, as it could lead to people making poor decisions or doing things they regret.

Others are simply amused by the antics of their fellow drunk Facebook users.

One user posted a photo of herself passed out on the floor with the caption, "I'm so drunk I can't even stand up."

Another user shared a video of herself dancing on a table while shouting, "I'm the life of the party!"

The trend has even caught the attention of celebrities.

Comedian Amy Schumer posted a photo of herself on Twitter with the caption, "I'm so drunk I can't even spell my own name."

Facebook has not commented on the trend, but it's clear that it's causing a stir.

Only time will tell whether the trend will continue or fade away.

Watumiaji wa Facebook kwa Ulevi Wanachapisha Kuhusu Maisha Yao

Watumiaji wa Facebook wanalewa na kuchapisha kuhusu maisha yao, na jambo hili linasababisha mvurugo.

Mtandao huu wa kijamii umefurika picha na video za watu waliolewa, na wengi wao wanashiriki maelezo yao ya kibinafsi ambayo kwa kawaida hawafai kuyashiriki.

Baadhi ya watumiaji wana wasiwasi kuwa mkondo huo ni hatari, kwa sababu unaweza kusababisha watu kufanya maamuzi mabaya au kufanya mambo ambayo watajutia baadaye.

Wengine wanafurahia tu vituko hivyo vya watumiaji wenza walevi wa Facebook.

Mtumiaji mmoja alichapisha picha yake akiwa amelala sakafuni na akanukuu, "Nimelewa chakari siwezi hata kunyanyuka."

Mtumiaji mwingine alishiriki video yake akicheza densi juu ya meza huku akipiga kelele, "Maisha yangu ni ya sherehe!"

Mkondo huo pia unawahusisha watu mashuhuri.

Mchekeshaji kwa jina Amy Schumer alichapisha picha yake kwenye Twitter na akanukuu, "Nimelewa chakari hata siwezi kutamka jina langu."

Facebook haijatoa maoni kuhusu mkondo huo, lakini ni dhahiri kuwa unasababisha mvurugo.

Ni muda tu utadhihirisha iwapo mkondo huo utaendelea au utafifia.


Zambia is a landlocked country in Southern Africa.

It is bordered by Angola to the west, the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the north, Tanzania to the northeast, Malawi to the east, Mozambique to the southeast, Zimbabwe to the south, and Botswana to the southwest.

Zambia has a population of over 17 million people and a land area of 752,618 square kilometers.

Zambia's current president is Hakainde Hichilema, who was elected in August 2021.

Hichilema is a member of the United Party for National Development (UPND).

The UPND is the largest opposition party in Zambia.

The economy of Zambia is based on copper mining.

Other important exports include cobalt, zinc, and lead.

The Zambian economy has been struggling in recent years due to low copper prices.

Zambia is a member of the United Nations, the African Union, and the Southern African Development Community (SADC).

Zambia ni nchi isiyo na bandari na inapatikana Kusini mwa Afrika.

Inapakana na Angola upande wa magharibi, Jamhuri ya Demokrasia ya Kongo upande wa kaskazini, Tanzania upande wa kaskazini mashariki, Malawi upande wa mashariki, Msumbiji upande wa kusini mashariki, Zimbabwe upande wa kusini, na Botswana upande wa kusini magharibi.

Idadi ya watu nchini Zambia ni zaidi ya milioni 17 na ukubwa wake ni kilomita 752,618 mraba.

Rais wa sasa wa Zambia ni Hakainde Hichilema, aliyechaguliwa mnamo Agosti 2021.

Hichilema ni mwanachama wa United Party for National Development (UPND).

UPND ndicho chama kikubwa cha upinzani nchini Zambia.

Uchumi wa Zambia unategemea uchimbaji wa shaba.

Shaba ndiyo bidhaa kubwa inayouzwa nje ya nchi hiyo.

Bidhaa zingine muhimu za kuuzwa nje ni kobalti, zinki, na madini ya risasi.

Uchumi wa Zambia umekuwa ukidorora katika miaka ya hivi karibuni kutokana na kushuka kwa bei za madini ya shaba.

Zambia ni nchi mwanachama katika Umoja wa Mataifa, Muungano wa Afrika, na Jumuiya ya Maendeleo ya Afrika ya Kusini (SADC).


The signing of Lionel Messi by Paris Saint-Germain sent shockwaves through the world of soccer.

The Argentine superstar had been one of the most coveted players in the world for years, and his arrival in Paris marked a major turning point in the club's history.

Messi had spent his entire professional career with Barcelona, where he had won everything there was to win.

But after a tumultuous few months, he decided to leave the club and sign with PSG.

The move was a major coup for PSG, who were looking to add a superstar to their squad in order to compete for the Champions League title.

Messi's signing was met with excitement by PSG fans, who were eager to see the world's best player in action.

But there were also some concerns about how he would fit into the team.

PSG already had a number of talented players, and it was unclear how Messi would be able to work with them.

Kusajiliwa kwa Lionel Messi katika timu ya Paris Saint-Germain kulishtua sana ulimwengu wa soka.

Nyota huyo wa Ajentina amekuwa mchezaji maarufu sana duniani kwa miaka mingi, na kuwasili kwake Paris kulileta mabadiliko makubwa sana katika historia ya klabu hiyo.

Messi alitumia muda mwingi wa taaluma yake akiwa Barcelona, ambapo alishinda tuzo zote zilikuwepo za kushindaniwa.

Lakini baada ya misukosuko ya miezi michache, aliamua kuondoka katika klabu hiyo na kujisajili na PSG.

Hatua hiyo ilikuwa mapinduzi makubwa kwa PSG, ambao walikuwa wakitazamia kumwongeza nyota huyo kwenye kikosi chao ili kushindania kombe la Ligi ya Mabingwa.

Kusajiliwa kwa Messi kulighubikwa na furaha tele na mashabiki wa PSG, waliokuwa na shauku ya kumtazama mchezaji huyo bora duniani akicheza.

Lakini kulikuwepo na wasiwasi kuhusu jinsi ambavyo angeingiliana na timu hiyo.

Tayari PSG ilikuwa na wachezaji kadhaa hodari, na haikuwa dhahiri jinsi ambavyo Messi angeweza kushirikiana nao.


Of Mice and Men is a novel by John Steinbeck that tells the story of two migrant workers, George and Lennie, who travel together in search of work during the Great Depression.

The novel is set in a time and place where the American Dream is all but dead, and the only way to survive is to stick together and look out for each other.

George dreams of one day owning a farm, where he and Lennie can live in peace and harmony.

Lennie dreams of petting soft rabbits and being gentle with them.

But their dreams are constantly thwarted by the harsh realities of the world they live in.

One day, George and Lennie find work on a ranch in California.

They are immediately befriended by Candy, an old ranch hand who is missing an arm.

Candy tells George and Lennie about his dream of one day owning a small farm, and the three men decide to pool their money together to buy a farm.

But their plans are once again thwarted when Lennie accidentally kills a woman.

George is forced to shoot Lennie to prevent him from being lynched.

George is devastated by Lennie's death, but he knows that it was the only thing he could do.

Of Mice and Men ni riwaya iliyoandikwa na John Steinbeck inayosimulia hadithi ya wafanyakazi wawili wahamiaji, George na Lennie, waliosafiri pamoja kutafuta kazi wakati wa Great Depression.

Riwaya hii inaangazia kipindi ambapo Ndoto ya Amerika haikuwepo tena, na njia pekee ya kuishi ilikuwa kukaa pamoja na kusaidiana.

Ndoto ya George ni kuwa siku moja amiliki shamba lake, ambapo yeye pamoja na Lennie wanaweza kuishi kwa amani na upatano.

Ndoto ya Lennie ni kufuga sungura na kuwatunza kwa upole.

Lakini ndoto zao zinasambaratika kila wakati kutokana na hali ngumu ya mahali wanakoishi.

Siku moja, George na Lennie walipata kazi katika shamba fulani kule California.

Mara moja wakapata rafiki kwa jina Candy, mkulima mmoja shambani ambaye ni kikono.

Candy akawaambia George na Lennie kuhusu ndoto yake ya kumiliki shamba dogo siku moja, na wanaume hao watatu wakaamua kuchanga pesa pamoja ili kununua shamba.

Mara tena, mipango yao ikasambaratika tena pale Lennie alimuua mwanamke bila kukusudia.

George analazimika kumpiga Lennie risasi ili kumwepusha kuuwawa na umati wa watu.

George anahuzunishwa sana na kifo cha Lennie, lakini anajua hakuna lingine ambalo angeweza kufanya.


B: We'll need some olive oil, some lemon juice, and a few cloves of garlic.

A: Okay, I have all of that. What do we do with it?

B: First, we'll mix the olive oil, lemon juice, and garlic together.

Then, we'll apply it to your hair and scalp.

A: An hour? That sounds like a long time.

The oil will help to suffocate the lice and the lemon juice will help to kill them.

B: Tutahitaji mafuta kidogo ya mzeituni, maji kiasi ya limau, na vipande vichache vya vitunguu saumu.

A: Sawa, hivyo vyote ninavyo. Tunavifanyia nini?

B: Kwanza, tutachanganya mafuta ya mzeituni, maji ya limau, na kitunguu saumu pamoja.

Kisha, tutapaka kwenye nywele na kwenye ngozi.

Mafuta yatasaidia kuwakaba chawa pumzi nayo maji ya limau yatasaidia kuwaua.


"Mommy, what are those?" the toddler asked, pointing at the plants in the living room.

"Those are plants," Mommy replied "They're living things, just like you and me."

"Yes, you can, but be gentle," Mommy said "The leaves are fragile."

The toddler reached out and touched a leaf.

"I'm glad," Mommy said. "Plants are good for us. They help clean the air and make us feel better."

The toddler continued to look at the plants. Then, he noticed a cable running along the floor.

"It's used to connect the TV to the wall."

"No, you can't," Mommy said. "Cables can be dangerous.They can give you a shock."

The toddler looked disappointed, but he didn't touch the cable.

"Mama, hizo ni nini?" mtoto aliuliza, akinyoshea kidole mimea iliyokuwepo sebuleni.

"Hiyo ni mimea," Mama alimjibu "Ni vitu vyenye uhai, kama tu wewe na mimi."

"Ndiyo, unaweza, lakini kuwa taratibu," Mama alisema "Matawi yake ni dhaifu."

"Nimefurahia," Mama alisema. "Mimea ni mizuri kwetu. Inasaidia kusafisha hewa na kutufanya tujihisi vizuri."

Mtoto aliendelea kuangalia mimea. Kisha, akagundua kebo iliyokuwa ikipita chini sakafuni.

"Inatumika kuunganisha televisheni kwenye ukuta."

"Hapana, huwezi," Mama alisema. "Kebo ni hatari. Inaweza kukupiga mshtuko"

Mtoto alikasirika, lakini hakugusa kebo hiyo.


Birthdays are a time to celebrate the day you were born.

It is a day to reflect on all the good things in your life and to thank those who have made you who you are.

It is also a day to set goals for the year ahead and to make plans for the future.

To make the most of your birthday, start by making a list of all the things you are grateful for.

This could include your family, friends, health, home, job, or anything else that is important to you.

Once you have made your list, take some time to reflect on each item and how it has made your life better.

Next, set some goals for the year ahead.

These goals can be anything you want them to be, but they should be specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound.

For example, you might set a goal to lose weight, get a promotion at work, or travel to a new place.

Finally, make plans for the day of your birthday.

This could include spending time with your loved ones, eating your favorite foods, or doing something you have always wanted to do.

Sherehe za kuzaliwa ni wakati wa kusherehekea siku ambayo ulizaliwa.

Ni siku ya kutafakari kuhusu mambo yote mazuri maishani mwako na kuwashukuru waliokufanya uwe jinsi ulivyo.

Pia ni siku ya kuweka malengo ya mwaka ulio mbele yako na kufanya mipango ya mustakabali wa siku zijazo.

Ili ufurahie zaidi siku yako ya kuzaliwa, anza kwa kuorodhesha mambo yote unayoyathamini.

Hii inaweza kujumuisha familia yako, marafiki, afya, nyumba, kazi, au kitu kingine chochote ambacho ni muhimu kwako.

Baada ya kutayarisha orodha yako, tenga muda kuwazia kila kitu ulichoandika na jinsi kilivyochangia katika kuboresha maisha yako.

Malengo haya yanaweza kuwa kitu chochote unachotaka, lakini yanapaswa kuwa mahususi, yanayopimika, yanayoweza kutimizwa, muhimu, na yanayozingatia muda.

Kwa mfano, huenda ukaweka lengo la kupunguza uzani, kupanda cheo kazini, au kuzuru mahali fulani kwa mara ya kwanza.

Hatimaye, weka mipango ya kusherehekea siku yako ya kuzaliwa.

Hii inaweza kujumuisha kukaa na wapendwa wako, kula vyakula uvipendavyo, au kufanya kitu ambacho umetamani sana kufanya.


Person 1: Romantic Comedies are so unrealistic.

Person 2: I know, right? The love interests always fall in love at first sight, and they never have any problems.

Person 1: And the conflicts are always so contrived.

Like, in one movie, the couple broke up because the guy's best friend was in love with the girl.

Person 2: That's so ridiculous. It's not like that happens in real life.

Person 1: Exactly. And even when they do get together, it's always so perfect.

They never have any fights or disagreements.

Person 2: It's like the movies are trying to tell us that love is always easy and perfect.

It takes time and effort to build a lasting relationship.

Person 1: I know. That's why I don't watch rom-coms anymore.

They give people unrealistic expectations about love.

Mtu wa 1: Vichekesho vya Kimahaba havina uhalisia.

Mtu wa 2: Naam, au sio? Wanaopendelea mapenzi kila wakati wanapendana kwa mara ya kwanza na kamwe hawana matatizo.

Mtu wa 1: Na wakati mwingi migogoro huzuka kwa kukusudia.

Kama, katika filamu moja, wanandoa waliachana kwa sababu rafiki wa karibu wa mume alimpenda mke wa rafikiye.

Mtu wa 2: Hilo linachekesha sana. Sio kwamba hilo linafanyika katika maisha halisi.

Mtu wa 1: Kabisa. Na hata wanapochumbiana, huwa shwari kila wakati.

Kamwe hawana mzozano na malumbano yoyote.

Mtu wa 2: Ni kana kwamba filamu zinajaribu kutuonyesha kuwa mapenzi ni rahisi na kamilifu kila wakati.

Inachukua muda na bidii kujenga uhusiano wa kudumu.

Mtu wa 1: Ninajua. Hiyo ndio sababu sitazami tena vichekesho vya kimahaba.

Vinawapa watu matarajio yasio ya uhalisia kuhusu mapenzi.


My first day of school was a day I will never forget.

I was both excited and nervous, not knowing what to expect.

When I woke up that morning, I got dressed quickly and ate a quick breakfast.

Then, my mom drove me to school and walked me to my classroom.

When I walked into the classroom, I was immediately greeted by my teacher, Ms. Smith.

She was a kind-looking woman with a warm smile.

She introduced herself to me and then showed me to my seat.

She smiled at me and said, "Hi, I'm Sarah."

We talked for a few minutes before the bell rang for class to start.

Ms. Smith began by introducing herself and telling us about the rules of the classroom.

Then, she started teaching us about math.

I was a little bit confused at first, but Ms. Smith explained everything clearly.

Sarah and I went outside to play on the playground.

We played on the swings and the slide for a while, then we went back inside for lunch.

Siku yangu ya kwanza shuleni ilikuwa siku ambayo kamwe sitaisahau.

Nilikuwa na furaha na pia wasiwasi, bila kujua cha kutarajia.

Nilipoamka asubuhi ile, nilivalia upesi na nikanywa kiamsha kinywa haraka.

Kisha, mama yangu akanipeleka shuleni na kunielekeza darasani.

Nilipoingia tu darasani, nilisalimiwa na mwalimu wangu, Bi. Smith.

Alikuwa mwanamke mwenye sura ya ukarimu na tabasamu changamfu.

Alijitambulisha kwangu kisha akanionyesha kiti changu.

Niliketi karibu na msichana aitwaye Sarah.

Aliniangalia kwa tabasamu na kusema, "Hujambo, mimi ni Sarah."

Nilitabasamu pia na kusema, "Hujambo, mimi ni Vera."

Tulizungumza kwa dakika chache kisha kengele ya kuanza somo ikalia.

Bi. Smith alianza kwa kujitambulisha na kutueleza kuhusu kanuni za darasa.

Nilikanganyikiwa kiasi mwanzoni, lakini Bi. Smith alifafanua kila kitu dhahiri.

Baada ya somo la hisabati, tulikwenda mapumzikoni.

Mimi na Sarah tulikwenda nje kucheza uwanjani.

Tulicheza kwenye vibembea na vitelezi kwa muda, kisha tukarudi ndani kula chakula cha mchana.