Clarifying the integrated development mechanism of the National Fitness Program and National Health Program has positive and practical significance for the efficient implementation of the healthy China strategy. In order to analyze and study the integrated development mechanism of the National Fitness Program and National Health Program, we established a coupling-coordination measurement model. Based on two dimensions of space and time, we first analyzed the coupling degree between National Fitness System and National Health System in the Yangtze River Economic Belt region of China from 2016 to 2020, and studied and analyzed the coupling mechanism between the two. The research results show that the National Fitness Program and National Health Program have a development model of mutual promotion and mutual benefit. The National Fitness Program promotes the National Health Program by improving the fitness environment, increasing fitness participation, and health investment. The National Health Program optimizes environmental construction, health education, and healthy populations, thereby driving national fitness. Overall, there is stable development and balanced promotion in the integration of the National Fitness Program and National Health Program. In addition, the integrated development of the National Fitness Program and National Health Program is positively affected by economic level and regional marketization. The coupling- coordination model adopted in this study has practical value in measuring the coupling degree between the National Fitness System and National Health System. The results of this study also provide an important reference basis for the integrated and coordinated development of the National Fitness Program and National Health Program and the implementation of the Healthy China strategy. National fitness and national health have become important factors in social development and the improvement of people’s well-being. The integrated development of national fitness and national health aligns with the global trend of health development. More and more countries and regions worldwide are treating national fitness and national health as important strategies, promoting people’s health through measures such as providing fitness facilities, promoting health education, and strengthening health management. In response to this, General Secretary Xi Jinping of China has repeatedly emphasized the advocacy of a healthy and civilized lifestyle, the improvement of the health literacy of the entire population, and the deep integration of national fitness and national health during the period of 2016–2022. Meanwhile, the Chinese government has issued the “National Fitness Plan (2021–2025)” and the “Sports Law of the People’s Republic of China,” which propose the implementation of a national fitness strategy, the establishment of a public service system for national fitness, and the encouragement and support of citizens’ participation in fitness activities to promote the deep integration of national fitness and national health  In terms of the connotation of the integration of the National Fitness Program and National Health Program, many scholars have started their research on the integration of the two systems by tracing the source of concepts. For examples, Lu  believes(2) On the integration path of the National Fitness Program and National Health Program, much progress has been made. For examples, Lu  formulat3) In terms of the mechanism of integrating the National Fitness Program and National Health Program, Lu  In terms believesIn general, scholars have achieved fruitful results in the research on the integration relationship between the National Fitness Program and overall health, and have conducted well. They have analyzed and explored the integration relationship between the two from multiple perspectives of integration. However, there are two problems in current relevant research: first, the research has remained theoretical research on the National Fitness Program and National Health Program, and there is a lack of data exploration and verification of the integration relationship between the National Fitness Program and overall health. The coupling relationship between the two will affect the progress and effectiveness of comprehensive fitness and the achievement of the goal of national health. The second is that the scope of research is large, the theoretical coverage is broad, involving the entire national level, and there is a lack of specific comparative analysis of representative regions and different provinces and cities. Therefore, in the context of the healthy China strategy, it is particularly important to measure and evaluate the integration of the National Fitness Program and National Health Program through a combination of qualitative and quantitative research. Based on the analysis of the coupling effect between the National Fitness Program and National Health Program in various aspects, this paper constructs a model based on the two dimensions of space and time, analyzes the coupling and coordination relationship, and verifies the integration mechanism between the two. The research results of this paper have positive practical significance for achieving the efficient implementation of the healthy China strategy.2.2.1.Since the State Council promulgated the “Regulations on National Fitness” and the “National Fitness Plan 2011–2015),” the National Fitness Program has been integrated into the overall planning of economic and social development of governments at all levels. After continuous efforts in recent years, the “big group” work pattern of “government led, department coordinated, and the entire society participated” has basically taken shape, and the effect has gradually become evident. Wei  regarded,” the Na2.2.The connotation of a Healthy China strategy is not only to ensure the health of the whole people, but also to ensure the overall health of the healthy environment, the healthy economy, and the healthy society. National health is also one of the main indicators to ensure the construction of a healthy city. The WHO defines a healthy city as an organic combination of healthy people, a healthy society, and a healthy environment. It has formulated 3 health indicators, 8 social indicators, 7 health service indicators, and 14 environmental indicators for a healthy city. In 2018, the China Health Commission released the “China Healthy City Evaluation Indicator System (2018 Version)” , which c2.3.The concept of coupling originates from physics and refers to the existence of a relationship of mutual influence and interaction between two or more systems. In terms of the relationship between national fitness and national health, the two have similarities in service targets, convergence in core goals, and overlap in means and methods. Therefore, it is necessary to explore and analyze the integration relationship and mechanism between the two before building the model.2.3.1.The optimization of the national fitness environment can improve the development of the National Health System. The quality of the national fitness environment and the construction of the fitness environment are dialectically unified and complement each other. High environmental quality can greatly promote fitness activities. Conversely, low environmental quality is not conducive to the formation of residents’ fitness habits, it is difficult to form a good fitness atmosphere and crowd participation rate, and environmental construction will also lag behind. Therefore, forming an active fitness atmosphere, rich sports life, strong fitness awareness, and a good fitness ecological environment can improve the quality of national fitness, promote the construction of a healthy environment, and promote the completion of the national health system. Starting from the “hard environment,” increasing the availability and use of national fitness venues, facilities, and equipment, and popularizing the group fitness effect of community fitness can greatly improve fitness habits, promote the construction of a healthy environment, and further promote and improve the national health system.The quality and quantity of participation in national fitness can improve the over-all health system. Constantly improve the public service system for national fitness, ensure that everyone enjoys basic sports fitness services, and consolidate the basic conditions for national fitness to promote national health . The strThe volume ratio of national health investment can expand the National Health System. The health level of a country or region is usually measured by health input, which is reflected by human, material, and financial indicators of the health industry such as the total number of professional health personnel, the total number of medical and health institutions, and the total amount of health expenses .2.3.2.The construction of a healthy environment is the basic condition for promoting the development of national fitness. The development of national fitness needs to be supported by a good sports ecological environment. Through the construction and improvement of a healthy environment, such as increasing forest coverage and reducing smog days, more people can participate in physical exercise and expand the demand for sports market. National fitness has a high demand for healthy environmental conditions. Therefore, it is possible to start with managing the broken health environment, protecting and strengthening a good health environment, optimizing the construction of a healthy environment, and ultimately promoting the development of national fitness.The promotion of health education is a key factor in improving the awareness and needs of national fitness. With the increasing satisfaction of material pursuits, more and more people are paying attention to health education, not only physical health, but also psychological and social health. When the awareness of national fitness is constantly strengthened and demanded, it will be beneficial to expand the fitness community and promote the development of national fitness.per capita is bound to bring about an aging population, and the increase of the aging population will bring more health problems for the older adult. Developing healthy exercise for the older adult is particularly important. The youth group is the main group participating in physical exercise, mainly ensuring that the youth group exercises in a good healthy environment, and ensuring the stability and improvement of group development, in order to stabilize and ensure the national fitness system.The development of healthy people is an important guarantee for stabilizing the National Fitness System. The extension of life expectancy Based on the above analysis and discussion, the coupling mechanism model of the National Fitness Program and National Health program is shown in 3.3.1.3.1.1.Dimensionless processing can eliminate dimensional differences between variables, enhancing the stability and reliability of data analysis, improving the performance and effectiveness of models, reducing computational complexity, accelerating algorithm convergence, and enhancing the effectiveness of feature selection. The National Fitness System and National Health System are composed of several indicators. In order to unify the dimensions of each indicator, the raw data is standardized before data analysis. The calculation formula is as follows , 23:ijx means the original data of the j-th indicator of a province or municipality in year i, and ijy means the standardized data of the j-th indicator of a province or municipality in year i. min ijx is the minimum value of the i-th indicator and max ijx is the maximum value of the i-th indicator. The data of the dimensionless processing has the value of 0, which will interfere and affect the later calculation, so the data is panned. The calculation formula is as follows:The α in 3.1.2.The advantages of the entropy method include: the absence of subjective weight setting, consideration of the correlation between indicators, strong flexibility and adaptability, easily interpretable and understandable results, applicability to multi-objective decision-making, as well as flexibility and adjustability. These features make the entropy method a commonly used multi-criteria evaluation approach that finds wide application in various fields and scenarios. Therefore, in this paper the entropy method is used to measure the index weights of national fitness and national health. The specific process is as follows –26:i-th year of the j-th indicator. The formula is as follows:Step 1: Homogeneous metrics are quantified. Measure the share of the ijp refers to the i-th year of indicator j.Where Step 2: The entropy value of the annual indicators of each region of the Yangtze River Economic Belt is calculated, and the proportion of each index is obtained. The entropy calculation formula for item j indicator is as follows:ih represents the specific entropy value of indicator j.Where j, the greater the ijy difference, the greater the impact on the results of specific provinces and cities, and vice versa. The specific calculation formula is as follows:Step 3: Calculate the difference coefficient for the indicator. For indicator jw. The calculation formula is as follows:Step 4: Determine the weight Step 5: Calculate the comprehensive measure value, that is, the calculation of the comprehensive score for the two systems of national fitness and national health. The calculation formula is as follows:su in Where 3.1.3.The coupling coordination model can organically combine factors from different domains or systems, forming a unified system framework. This systemic approach allows for a better capture of the complex relationships among interrelated factors and variables, thereby providing more accurate and comprehensive results and predictions. The coordinated advancement of the deep integration of national fitness and national health is a complex systemic project. Therefore, this study establishes a “coupling coordination” calculation model for the National Fitness and National Health systems in order to analyze and evaluate the interconnectedness and coordination between these two systems. The formula for calculating the coupling coordination of the National Fitness System and National Health System is as follows –31:c represents the coupling degree between the National Fitness System and National Health System. f(x) and g(x) are the comprehensive evaluation index of the National Fitness System and National Health System of provinces and cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, respectively, obtained by the entropy method. And, α and β represent the pending coefficient, and R represents the coupling coordination. This paper believes that the importance of the two systems is the same, therefore, both α and β take 0.5, that is, α = β = 0.5. k is the adjustment coefficient, which is equal to 2. c∈, when c = 1, it indicates that national fitness and national health are in a highly coupled state; when c = 0, it means that there is no correlation between national fitness and internal elements of national health, disorderly development. Similarly, R∈. Coupling coordination levels are classified here  The Yangtze River Economic Belt spans the east and west, with a population and economic total exceeding 40% of the country, and there is comparative analysis of data results; (2) As a new region for the implementation of China’s new round of reform and opening up, it has global influence and is representative in data analysis. (3) Promoting the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt is of great practical significance for the CPC Central Committee and the State Council to grasp and guide the New Normal of economic development, scientifically plan the new chess game of China’s economy, and promote the coordinated development of regional economy, which is conducive to the industrial structure and urbanization layout along the Yangtze River, and promote economic efficiency and value added. The raw data on National Fitness and Nation Health of 11 provinces and cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt was supplied in 4.4.1.per capita health cost is lower than the national average, the main health indicators of residents such as per capita life expectancy, infant mortality rate, and maternal mortality rate have been achieved, which are all better than the national average. Additionally, the data also supports the effectiveness of the implementation of the “Implementation Plan for Health Lifestyle Action of the Whole Population (2017–2025)” in Sichuan Province. By 2020, the health literacy level of residents in the province reached 20%, creating a collective action by the whole society and promoting a favorable atmosphere for the promotion and adoption of healthy lifestyle practices (ractices .4.2.The coupling coordination formula can be used to calculate the coupling value and coordination values of the National Fitness System and National Health System in 11 provinces and cities of China’s Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2016 to 2020, as shown in The average coupling degree and coordination degree between the National Fitness System and National Health System in 11 provinces and cities of the Yangtze River Economic Belt in China are shown in 4.3.In order to further analyze the dynamic changes of the coupling degree and coordination degree between the National Fitness System and National Health System in various provinces and cities of the Yangtze River Economic Belt in China over time and space, we combined ArcGIS reclassification tool to visualize the data, and the results are shown in 4.4.per capita GDP ranking first in the country. It is a major economic province and also a major province in culture, sports, and health service industries. The development of the sports and fitness industry and the construction of healthy cities can basically form a virtuous cycle. This is closely related to Jiangsu Province continuously introducing new policies to promote the levels of the National Fitness System and National Health System. For example, the “Implementation Plan for Implementing the Outline of Building a Sports Power” issued by Jiangsu Province in 2020 explicitly states that by 2022, a new pattern of sports development will be formed, featuring strong government leadership, broad social participation, and a vibrant market. The physical literacy and health level of the population will continue to improve, new achievements will be made in sports reform and innovation, public services will be more balanced and sufficient, and the comprehensive strength of sports development will consistently rank among the top in the country, thus continuously increasing the contribution and influence of sports on economic and social development (The coupling coordination degree combines the coupling relationship between the National Fitness System and National Health System as a whole, which is more comprehensive and stable than the coupling results. The higher the coordination between the National Fitness System and National Health System, the higher the overall level of the two, and the greater the mutual promotion between the National Fitness System and National Health System. Conversely, one party hinders the development of the other party, forming a mutually contained and vicious cycle. From elopment . Overall5.This study combines qualitative and quantitative analysis to analyze the integration relationship and mechanism of fitness for all and health for all. Taking the panel data of 11 provinces and cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt of China from 2016 to 2020 as an example, the comprehensive evaluation systems of the two systems are, respectively, constructed, and the evaluation and analysis are conducted according to the coupling coordination degree. The main research conclusions are as follows:Firstly, the National Fitness Program has improved the fitness environment, increased participation in fitness, and increased health investment, thereby promoting national health. The National Health Program has optimized environmental construction, health education, and healthy populations, thereby driving national fitness.Secondly, between 2016 and 2020, in the Yangtze River Economic Belt of China, Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces ranked among the top three in the evaluation index of the National Fitness System and National Health System, belonging to the typical double high type. However, Chongqing and Guizhou have the smallest comprehensive evaluation index, indicating that they belong to the double low type of provinces and cities. This confirms that the integrated development of the National Fitness Program and National Health Program is positively influenced by economic level and regional marketization level.Thirdly, from 2016 to 2020, the average coupling degree between the National Fitness System and National Health System in the Yangtze River Economic Belt of China was between 0.8 and 1.0, which was in a high-level coupling stage. The average coupling coordination degree was between 0.4 and 0.7, which was in a medium to high degree of coordination coupling. This indicates that the coupling coordination pattern of the two systems has a certain degree of stability, and it also verifies that there is stable development and balanced promotion in the integration of the National Fitness Program and National Health Program.Fourthly, the high-level coupling stage between the National Fitness System and National Health System in the Yangtze River Economic Belt of China has increased from 9 provinces and cities to 11 provinces and cities between 2016 and 2020. The degree of coupling coordination has expanded from 4 provinces and cities to 9 provinces and cities, with Jiangsu Province reaching an extremely coupled coordination state. The higher the coordination between the National Fitness Program and National Health Program, the mutual promotion and mutually beneficial development of the two.The above results provide an important reference basis for the integrated and coordinated development of the National Fitness Program and National Health Program and the implementation of the Healthy China strategy.6.Contributions of this paper are as follows:Based on the composition and relational model of the National Fitness System and National Health System, a comprehensive evaluation system for the coupling degree of the National Fitness Program and National Health Program is constructed, which provides a beneficial supplement to the evaluation indicators of their coupling.The establishment of the coupling coordination calculation model for the National Fitness Program and National Health Program provides a practical calculation model for evaluating their coupling degree, offering important reference for research and practice in related fields.The statistical analysis of the coupling degree of the National Fitness Program and National Health Program in the Yangtze River Economic Belt of China reveals their integration mechanism, enriching the quantitative research on the integrated development of the National Fitness Program and National Health Program.In this paper, the measurement of the coupling coordination relationship between the National Fitness System and National Health System is carried out on the basis of multi-index evaluation system, which overcomes the shortcomings of the incomplete single index representation system, but there are also limitations that the construction of the index system is relatively flexible, which may lead to certain deviations in the final evaluation results. In addition, an in-depth analysis of the influencing factors of the spatial differences in the coupling coordination relationship between the National Fitness System and National Health System in 11 provinces and cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt has not been conducted in the paper, and the spatial differences in the coupling and coordination relationship between the two systems may be affected by factors such as location and transportation, social economy, resource endowment and infrastructure. Therefore, the internal mechanism of the spatial difference features of the coupling coordination relationship between the 11 provinces and cities of the Yangtze River Economic Belt in China needs to be further studied. Moreover, due to the difficulty in collecting the latest data of national fitness in China, the evaluation index system for the coupling of the National Fitness System and National Health System constructed at present does not fully reflect the latest development trends, but only reflects a trend, whose latest data need to be further mined in the subsequent research.The original contributions presented in the study are included in the article/ CC contributions include writing original draft, investigation, and data curation. SY contributions include methodology, review, and editing. Both authors contributed to the article and approved the submitted version.


The authors regret that an incorrect version of product 74a in The authors also regret that incorrect details were given for ref. 91 in the original article. The correct version of ref. 91 is given below as ref. The Royal Society of Chemistry apologises for these errors and any consequent inconvenience to authors and readers.


In the published article, there was an error in the Funding statement. The funding statement for the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft  was displayed as “TRR 369”. The correct Funding statement appears below.“The present study was supported by the National Genome Research Network , the Pneumonia Research Network on Genetic Resistance and Susceptibility for the Evolution of Severe Sepsis , the Young Investigator Grant , the German Center for Lung Research  and Stiftung AtemWeg . Work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft  - TRR 359 - Project number 491676693.”The authors apologize for this error and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. The original article has been updated.


Correction: BMC Health Services Research 11, 217 (2011)https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6963-11-217Following a report of a publications review jointly commissioned by the Health Research Authority and the University of Bristol, the authors would like to correct the following element of the ethics statement provided in the original article :The data used in this study were originally collected and collated in the National Outcomes Database for the purposes of evaluation of CFS/ME services. The collection of a subset of CFS/ME patient data as part of the national CFS/ME collaborative was confirmed to be service evaluation by the North Somerset & Bristol Research Ethics Committee under REC reference 07/Q2006/48, and in a letter dated 29 January 2007 the Chair of the Research Ethics Committee had previously confirmed (a) that it would not be necessary to apply for ethical permission to use the data being collected as part of service evaluation for the national CFS/ME collaborative and (b) that if in future these data were to be used as part of a research project, this would be agreeable.The original article  has been


The funders had no role in study design, the decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.There are errors in the Funding section. The correct Funding statement is: This work was supported by a Ph.D. studentship (2020.04778.BD) funded by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) and by the European Social Fund (ESF) attributed to Rita Pinto, and also by national funding from the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (UIDB/00050/2020). FCT’s website:


Department of Pathogen Biology, Center for Tropical Disease Control and Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China”. The new affiliation should be the first of all affiliations, and the affiliation numbers for authors Yiji Li and Tingting Li should be changed from 3 to 1. The final version of authors and affiliations are as shown above.In the published article, there was an error regarding the affiliation for author Zhuanzhuan Liu. As well as having affiliation 1, they should also have “The authors apologize for this error and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. The original article has been updated.


The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.There are errors in the Funding section. The correct Funding statement is: Jun Song is supported by a Korea University Grant (K2127931), URL:


Acknowledgements statement. Support received by CR from the Canada Research Chair program was omitted from the statement.In the published article, there was an error in the The corrected Acknowledgements statement appears below.CR was supported by the Canada Research Chair program (CRC-2018-00081).The authors apologize for this error and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. The original article has been updated.


Funding statement.In the published article, there was an error in the Original text: This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants 61971290.The Shenzhen City project support was missed by mistake. The correct Funding statement appears below.This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under grant 61971290, and the Shenzhen Stability Support General Project (Category A) 20200826104014001.The authors apologize for this error and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. The original article has been updated.


Funding statement. The first grant number from the Fundamental Research Business Expenses of the Central Universities was incorrect. The incorrect grant number was 2021ZD001. The correct grant number is 2022YB013. The correct Funding statement appears below.In the published article, there was an error in the “FundingThis research was funded by a grant from the Open Project of State Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Aerospace Medicine (SMFA20K04); Fundamental Research Business Expenses of the Central Universities ; National Key R&D Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology (32071168); The authors report no involvement in the research by the sponsor that could have influenced the outcome of this work. The systematic review registration number PROSPERO 2019: CRD42018110290”.The authors apologize for this error and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. The original article has been updated.


There are errors in the Funding statement and the publisher apologizes for the errors. The correct Funding statement is as follows: This work was funded by the Deanship of Scientific Research at Najran University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, under the Research Groups funding program with the grant code number NU/RG/SERC/12/9. The authors express their gratitude for this support.


Correction: Molecular Imaging and Biology10.1007/s11307-023-01833-6The original online version of this article was revised to include the following funding information:This work was supported in part by the NIH HD 099090 to A.F. and by the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number T32HD087166, and Michigan State University to M.A.O.B. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.The original article has been corrected.


In "Assessment of the Efficacy, Safety, and Effectiveness of Weight Control and Obesity Management Mobile Health Interventions: Systematic Review" :e16899) the authors noted one clarification that should be added:The Acknowledgments section reads as:All authors contributed equally. The research for this paper was fully funded by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III from the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities, grant number PI16/01764.And will be changed to:All authors contributed equally. The research for this paper was fully funded by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III from the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities, grant number PI16/01764 co-funded by FEDER.The correction will appear in the online version of the paper on the JMIR Publications website on April 10, 2023 together with the publication of this correction notice. Because this was made after submission to PubMed, PubMed Central, and other full-text repositories, the corrected article has also been resubmitted to those repositories.


There are errors in the Funding section. The correct Funding statement is: SHIP is part of the Community Medicine Research network of the University of Greifswald, Germany, which is funded by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research , the Ministry of Cultural Affairs as well as the Social Ministry of the Federal State of Mecklenburg-West Pomerania, and the network ’Greifswald Approach to Individualized Medicine (GANI_MED)’ funded by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (grant 03IS2061A). Genome-wide data have been supported by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (grant no. 03ZIK012) and a joint grant from Siemens Healthineers, Erlangen, Germany and the Federal State of Mecklenburg- West Pomerania. The University of Greifswald is a member of the Caché Campus program of the InterSystems GmbH. This work was further supported by the project Superthyreose, funded by the German “Innovationsfonds des Gemeinsamen Bundesausschusses” (grant no. VSF2_2019–167) AKB received funding from the BMBF  and gratefully acknowledges an add-on-fellowship from the Joachim Herz Stiftung. LK acknowledges funding from the European Union , as well as the State of Lower Saxony and the Volkswagenstiftung . We acknowledge support for the Article Processing Charge from the DFG and the Open Access Publication Fund of the University of Greifswald. The funders had no influence on study design, data analysis, study interpretation, decision to publish, and writing of the manuscript.


He studied Chemistry at the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, from where he graduated in 1954. He worked for two years at the Biochemistry Laboratory of the Hellenic Pasteur Institute, under the supervision of Zoi Mela-Ioannidis.On December 8, 2022, Efstratios (Stratis) Avrameas, a novel immunology researcher passed away in Paris. Stratis was born in Athens, on January 1In 1960, with a scholarship from the French government, he was accepted in the Microbial Chemistry Laboratory under the direction of Professor Pierre Grabar, at the Institute Pasteur, in Paris. Four years later (1964), he was awarded the title of Doctor of Biological Sciences (Doctorat d’État), by Pierre and Marie Curie University, in Paris. In 1963, he was appointed Research Assistant by the National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS) of France, and worked in the Department of Protein Chemistry of the “Institute for Scientific Research on Cancer” in VilleJuif, at first under the direction of Pierre Grabar and then under the supervision of André Lwoff, a Nobel prize laureate. In this laboratory, he rose up the hierarchy and became Research Director. In 1972, he was invited by Jacques Monod, another Nobel laureate, to return to the Institute Pasteur, in Paris where he headed the Immunocytochemistry Unit until his retirement, in 1999. In 1976, he was named Professor at the Pasteur Institute in Paris. From 1999 to 2002, he served in the position of Scientific Director at the Biotechnological Company DIATOS, founded by the French Pasteur Institute. His efforts aimed at developing proteins and peptides capable of transporting substances into cells with biological actions. After retiring from the Director’s position at the Pasteur Institute in Paris, he returned to his homeland and worked voluntarily as a consultant both in the Immunology Laboratory of the Hellenic Pasteur Institute and the Immunology Laboratory of the Pathophysiology at the Athens University Medical School.1 This method replaced the radio-immunoassay (RIA) and thus, eliminated the exposure to radioactivity of employees working in research and diagnostic laboratories. Stratis, using the ELISA method, examined sera from healthy volunteers and demonstrated that these sera contained multitude of antibodies which recognised antigens of the human body (self-antigens autoantigens) and non-self antigens, namely, the gut microbiota. These antibodies had multireactivity. He called them natural autoantibodies.3 Based on these findings, he coined the theory of natural autoimmunity, in other words, the ability of the immune system to “self-awareness”  before becoming able to recognise and fight the foreign invaders.5 Under physiological conditions, the auto-polyreactive natural autoantibodies have their active site blocked by the high amount of available self-antigens. In disease states, where self-antigens are released, the natural autoantibody network is a guardian that rapidly sequesters the released, from disease tissues, self-antigens. Moreover, these autoantibodies have vital homeostatic biological activities such as cellular repairing and enzymatic catalysis. Finally, based on our own experiments and Stratis’ ones, we formulated the hypothesis that autoimmune diseases are the result of the hyper-function of natural autoimmunity against a specific cell or organ.6Professor Avrameas was a pioneer researcher of Immunology. He has published over 300 papers. At first, his research led to the coupling of an antibody to the enzyme peroxidase with the chemical agent glutaraldehyde. This achievement then, paved the way for the development of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).- Prize of the Foundation of Dr K. and Mme Peyre of the French Academy of Sciences (1974),- Celine Prize (1979),- Knight of the French Order of Merit (1980),- Gold Medal of the Indian Federation of Clinical Biochemistry (1981),- State prize (Prix d’État) of the French Academy of Sciences (1985),- Corresponding Member of the Academy of Athens (1985),- Gold Award of the French Federation for the Promotion of Progress (1990),- Officer of the French National Order of Merit (1990),- Honorary member of the Hellenic Immunological Society (1991),- Honorary member of the National Medical Academy of Mexico (1995),- Medal of Honour of the French National Centre for Scientific Research (1997),- Honorary Research Director of the French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS) (1997),- Honorary Professor of the Pasteur Institute of Paris (1998),- Honorary Doctorate Degree of Athens University Medical School (2003),- Gold Cross of the Order of Honour from the President of the Hellenic Republic (2004).Stratis has been awarded the following significant prizes for his novel work:We, who had the honour and pleasure to work with Stratis, will all remember his honest and powerful personality, his desire to promote scientific knowledge through research and his passion for helping younger colleagues to acquire scientific knowledge.May his memory be eternal.Haralampos M. MoutsopoulosProfessor Emeritus and Member, Academy of Athens


In the published article, there was an error regarding the affiliations for author Hira Singh. As well as having affiliation 1, they should also have Division of Vegetable Science, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India.An omission to the funding section of the original article was made in error. The following funding statement has been added:Authors are thankful to the ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi for providing financial support and conduct of the research program of the PhD student, HS. The research work was partially funded by the NAHEP-CAAST programme of Indian Council of Agricultural Research.The authors apologize for these errors and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. The original article has been updated.


In the original published version of this article, the funding statement was printed incorrectly. This has now been corrected to:10.13039/100016714University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.”“The accelerometers used in the study were sponsored by the College of Graduate Studies and the VC for Research and Graduate Studies Office, The publisher apologizes for the errors. Both the HTML and PDF versions of the article have been updated to correct the errors.


Chinese Journal of Bone and Joint Injury [Chinese Journal of Bone and Joint Injury and that there were significant differences in the listed authorship of the two manuscripts. This article is therefore retracted.Following publication, the authors of “Clinical Effect of Arthroscopic Resection of Extra-Articular Knee Osteochondroma” by Chen et al.  contactet Injury , in ChinJournal of Clinical Medicine. This retraction was approved by the Editor in Chief of The authors agreed to this retraction.


The following information is missing from the Funding statement: Parts of publication costs were covered by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft  project number 491193532 and the Chemnitz University of Technology.The full statement reads as follows:This study was funded by German Research Foundation —SFB 1410 Hybrid Societies awarded to F.H. Parts of the salary for Javier Baladron and Torsten Fietzek were covered by the fund above. Parts of publication costs were covered by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft  project number 491193532 and the Chemnitz University of Technology. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.


This article has been corrected at the request of the second author to change his affiliation from Arrowhead Regional Medical Center to St. George's University School of Medicine, St. George's, GRD.The authors deeply regret that this error was not identified and addressed prior to publication.


There are errors in the Funding section. The correct Funding statement is: This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT)  and Korea Medical Device Development Fund (KMDF_PR_20200901_0103). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.


In the published article, there was an error where the Acknowledgments statement was not included. The missing Acknowledgments statement appears below.The research described in this paper is part of the MARS Initiative at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. It was conducted under the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program at PNNL, a multiprogram national laboratory operated by Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy.The authors apologize for this error and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. The original article has been updated.


There are errors in the Funding statement. The correct Funding statement is as follows: This work was carried out with the aid of a grant from UNESCO and the International Development Research Centre, Ottawa, Canada. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of UNESCO, IDRC or its Board of Governors.


There are errors in the Funding statement. The correct Funding statement is as follows: YHL was supported by grants from the National Research Foundation (NRF) of Korea funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT [grant number: NRF-2021R1G1A1095517] as well as from Korea University. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.There is an error in


There are errors in the Funding section. The correct Funding statement is: This study was part of a project on improving antibiotic allergy registrations, which was funded by the Dutch Ministry of Health, Welfare and Sport (Reference number 327952).The publisher apologizes for the error.


There are errors in the Funding section. The correct Funding statement is: This publication of this study is funded by the Universitas Indonesia PUTI 2023 Award: NKB-432/UN2.RST/HKP.05.00/2023. This research was also supported by the National Institute for Research and Development, Indonesian Ministry of Health which has been integrated into Indonesian National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.


There are errors in the Funding section. The correct Funding statement is: This article is part of the PhD dissertation approved at Iran University of Medical Sciences . The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.


Funding statement. This study is supported by Health and Medical Research Fund (HMRF), Food and Health Bureau, Hong Kong, China (No. 18190691).The correct Funding statement appears below.In the published article, there was an error in the “This study is supported by Health and Medical Research Fund (HMRF), Food and Health Bureau, Hong Kong, China (No. 17180941)”.The authors apologize for this error and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. The original article has been updated.


There are errors in the Funding statement. The publisher apologizes for the errors. The correct Funding statement is as follows: The study was supported by Medical Research Council UK, Department of International Development (DFID), Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) and Wellcome Trust under the Joint Health Systems Research Initiative (JHSRI) (Grant number: MR/NO15908) awarded to JG. It was also supported by the South African National Research Foundation (NRF) through the South African Research Chair (SARChi) in Health Systems and Policy awarded to the Centre for Health Policy, University of the Witwatersrand, and held by FG. All three authors received salary supplementation as part of the research funding from JHSRI. The specific roles of these authors are articulated in the ‘author contributions’ section. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.


Professor Sergey Bachurin received the Ph.D. degree in 1980 from Moscow State University. From 2006 to 2018, he remained the Director of the Institute of Physiologically active Compounds RAS. In 2003, he was elected as a member of the Russian Academy of Sciences. His research activity is related to the discovery of novel agents for neurodegenerative diseases treatment, in particular for Alzheimer's disease. He is the author of more than 250 articles in peer-reviewing journals and about 40 patents. His h-index is 33. Prof. Bachurin was an invited lecturer at the University of California (San Francisco), and at Tufts University (Boston).


Funding statement. The incorrect funding number was used for the Medical Health Science and Technology Project of Zhejiang Provincial Health Commission. The correct Funding statement appears below.In the published article, there was an error in the


Acknowledgements statement. Support received by CR from the Canada Research Chair program was omitted from the statement.In the published article, there was an error in the The corrected Acknowledgements statement appears below.CR was supported by the Canada Research Chair program (CRC-2018-00081).The authors apologize for this error and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. The original article has been updated.


De la Rosa, and John Wiley and Sons. The withdrawal has been agreed due to a dispute over authorship and the conceptualization of some of the data.The above article, published online on 4 April 2023 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com) as an Accepted Article (


The funding from Guangxi key research and development program was omitted. The correct Funding statement appears below:In the published article, there was an error in the Funding statement. The authors declare that this study received funding from Guangxi key research and development program No. (GK) AB18221080, The Basic Ability Enhancement Program for Young and Middle-aged Teachers of Guangxi (2020KY03036), Youth Foundation of Guangxi Medical University(GXMUYSF201918), Foundation of Guangxi Health and Family Planning Commission (Z20190581), Foundation of the Second Affiliate Hospital of Guangxi Medical University (hbrc202104). The funders were not involved in the study design, collection, analysis, interpretation of data, the writing of this article or the decision to submit it for publication.The authors apologize for this error and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. The original article has been updated.


This communication reflects the views of the RADAR-AD consortium and neither IMI nor the European Union and EFPIA are liable for any use that may be made of the information contained herein. Research of Alzheimer center Amsterdam is part of the neurodegeneration research program of Amsterdam Neuroscience. Alzheimer Center Amsterdam is supported by Stichting Alzheimer Nederland and Stichting Steun Alzheimercentrum Amsterdam. IK declares support for this work through the National Institute of Health Research  and the Medical Research Council (Dementias Platform UK grant). CA’s postdoctoral fellowship is funded by the Susan and Charles Berghoff Foundation. SG declares support for this work through the Italian Ministry of Health (Ricerca Corrente). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.There are errors in the Funding section. The correct Funding statement is: The RADAR-AD project has received funding from the Innovative Medicines Initiative 2 Joint Undertaking under grant agreement No 806999. This Joint Undertaking receives support from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme and EFPIA and Software AG. See


In January, 2023, the Science and Security Board of the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists moved the hands of the Doomsday Clock forward to 90 s before midnight, reflecting the growing risk of nuclear war  commits each of the 190 participating nations”to pursue negotiations in good faith on effective measures relating to cessation of the nuclear arms race at an early date and to nuclear disarmament, and on a treaty on general and complete disarmament under strict and effective international control” UN, . ProgresAny use of nuclear weapons would be catastrophic for humanity. Even a “limited” nuclear war involving only 250 of the 13 000 nuclear weapons in the world could kill 120 million people outright and cause global climate disruption leading to a nuclear famine, putting 2 billion people at risk Bivens, . A largehttp://www.ippnw.org).The health community has had a crucial role in efforts to reduce the risk of nuclear war and must continue to do so in the future  Global Health Research Unit, is a member of the Independent Advisory Group, Collaboration for the Establishment of an African Population Cohort Consortium, and he was co‐chair of the InterAcademy Partnership, Climate Change and Health Working Group 2019–2022 and co‐chair of the Academy of Medical Sciences/Royal Society working group on “A healthy future—tackling climate change mitigation and human health together” 2020–2021 . I. H. reports honoraria for several speaking engagements, all donated to Back from the Brink, the International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War, or Physicians for Social Responsibility; travel/meeting support for Nobel Peace Laureates' Summit, the World Federation of Public Health Associations World Congress, and the UN Human Rights Commission Youth Summit; and he is a member of the steering committee of Back from the Brink and the International Steering Group of the International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons, a Board member of the International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War and Physicians for Social Responsibility, and a Trustee of the Phillips Exeter Academy . M. G. M. O. R. reports research grants from the Dutch Research Council, NOW (grant number COMPL.21COV.001) and from the Netherlands Organisation for Health Research ZonMw (grant number 09120012010063) and he is Chair of the Dutch guideline committee on cognitive impairments and dementia. T. R. reports a contract with the Institute for Energy and Environmental Research (USA) for papers addressing the health and environmental consequences of nuclear testing in multiple locations, including Australia, French Polynesia, central Pacific, and China; honorarium from The Choisun Ilbo media group in South Korea for a lecture on nuclear weapons in 2022 and for nuclear weapons presentations from Hyogo Medical Practitioners Association (Japan), Peace Boat (Japan) and the University of Sydney; he was an expert witness on radiation and health for Environmental Justice Australia acting for Mine‐Free Glenaladale regarding proposed Fingerboards Mineral Sands Mine to the Victorian Government Fingerboards Inquiry and Advisory Committee; he is a member of RV3 Rotavirus Vaccine Development Scientific Advisory Board, Murdoch Children's Research Institute/Royal Children's Hospital; he is a member of the Committee of International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons Australia; he is a member of the Internet Peace Prize Award Committee ; he was a member of the Victorian International Humanitarian Law Advisory Committee, Australian Red Cross; he is a Board member of the Initiative for Peacebuilding, Faculty of Arts, University of Melbourne; he is an At‐large Board member of the International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War; he was co‐president of the International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War 2012–23; and he is honorary principal fellow, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne. P. Y. reports grants from Atea Pharmaceuticals; honoraria for lectures, presentations, and educational events from bioMérieux and Pfizer Pharmaceuticals; fees for participation on an advisory board from Pfizer Pharmaceuticals; and he is a member of the Antimicrobial Stewardship Study Group Executive Committee (2022–2024) and the Clinical Practice Guideline Panel on Vaccinations in Immunocompromised hosts for the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. C. Z. reports consulting fees for his role as senior adviser on the international journals project from the International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War. The remaining authors declare no conflict of interest.


Finally, Staines and Barnhoorn invite the readers to submit abstracts for the next European Public Health Conference in November 2023 in Dublin. The theme of this year’s conference is Our Food, Our Health, Our Earth: A Sustainable Future for Humanity.In this edition of the Public Health News, EUPHA’s executive director addresses the European Health Data Space and the promises it holds for (public) health research as well as the challenges that lie ahead during the development of this infrastructure. Geller


Acknowledgments statement. Support received by CR from the Canada Research Chair program was omitted from the statement.In the published article, there was an error in the The corrected Acknowledgments statement appears below.RRID:SCR_019195) and Lipidomics Core (RRID:SCR_019176), which receive financial support from the Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry and Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI), and the latter also from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) awards to contributing investigators. CR is supported by the Canada Research Chair program (CRC-2018-00081).We would like to thank all research participants, the staff from the HNRU, volunteers, undergraduate and summer students that contributed to this project. Experiments are performed at the University of Alberta Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry Flow Cytometry Facility (The authors apologize for this error and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. The original article has been updated.


Nature Communications 10.1038/s41467-023-36599-6, published online 23 February 2023Correction to: The original version of this Article contained an error in the caption to the profile photos, which incorrectly read ‘Priscilla Kolibea Mante is Co-Chair of the Global Young Academy, a neuroscientist and epilepsy drug expert at the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology in Kumasi, Ghana.’ The correct version states ‘Top left: Priscilla Kolibea Mante is Co-Chair of the Global Young Academy, a neuroscientist and epilepsy drug expert at the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology in Kumasi, Ghana. Top right: Encieh Erfani has been a member of the Executive Committee of the Global Young Academy since 2021 and is an assistant professor of Cosmology at the Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences in Iran. Middle left: Lisa Herzog is an alumna of the Global Young Academy and Dean of the Faculty of Philosophy at the University of Groningen in the Netherlands. Middle right: Jennifer Thomson is President of the Organization for Women in Science for the Developing World and Emeritus Professor in the Department of Molecular and Cell Biology at the University of Cape Town in South Africa. Bottom: Kaela Singleton is president-elect of Black in Neuro as well as a National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and Burroughs Wellcome Postdoctoral Enrichment fellow, completing her training in the Faundez lab at Emory University in the United States.’https://globalyoungacademy.net/sciso/]”.’The original version of this Article contained an error in the response to question 6 by the GYA, which incorrectly read ‘One project we have recently completed in science communication is SCISO, which stands for “Science with Society“.’ The correct version states ‘One project we have recently completed in science communication is SCISO, which stands for “Science with Society [This has been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.


The correct Funding statement appears below.In the published article, there was an error in the Funding statement. This research was also funded by the “Western Grains Research Foundation” and should be added to the list of funders. The previous Funding statement was “The authors acknowledge the financial support of the Dean’s Scholarship and from the College of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies (CGPS), University of Saskatchewan., the Saskatchewan Ministry of Agriculture, Saskatchewan Wheat Development Commission, and the Canada First Research Excellence Fund


In "Assessment of the Efficacy, Safety, and Effectiveness of Weight Control and Obesity Management Mobile Health Interventions: Systematic Review" :e12612) the authors noted one clarification that should be added.In the Acknowledgments section it says:All authors contributed equally. The research for this paper was fully funded by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III from the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities, grant number PI16/01764.It should say:All authors contributed equally. The research for this paper was fully funded by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III from the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities, grant number PI16/01764 co-funded by FEDER.The correction will appear in the online version of the paper on the JMIR Publications website on April 10, 2023 together with the publication of this correction notice. Because this was made after submission to PubMed, PubMed Central, and other full-text repositories, the corrected article has also been resubmitted to those repositories.


There are errors in the Funding statement. The correct Funding statement is as follows: This study was part of ZS’s PhD project. It was funded by the Medical Research Council’s Doctoral Training Programme (Funder reference number: 1658511) in the United Kingdom. Her attendance at the WHO CST Consultation Meeting in Xiamen, China, was funded by Autism Speaks. RH, BT, and CH received support from the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) for the SPARK project (NIHR200842) using UK aid from the UK Government. CH receives further NIHR support through the NIHR Global Health Research Group on Homelessness and Mental Health in Africa  using UK aid from the UK Government. CH also receives support from WT grants 222154/Z20/Z and 223615/Z/21/Z. The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the NIHR or the Department of Health and Social Care. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, the decision to publish, or the preparation of the manuscript.


There is error in the Funding statement. The correct Funding statement is as follows: This work was financially supported by the Deanship of Scientific Research at the King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia .The affiliation for the third author is incorrect. Shekh Md. Shajid Hasan Tusher is not affiliated with #2 but with #1: Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh.


In the published article, there was an error in the Funding statement. The funding statement for this project was:“This project was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) as part of a financial assistance award totaling $3.8 million with 100 percent funded by CDC/HHS. The contents are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the official views of, nor an endorsement, by Texas DSHS, CDC/HHS, or the U.S. Government. This project was also provided by the Southwest Center for Occupational and Environmental Health (SWCOEH), a NIOSH Education and Research Center, and awardee of (Grant No. 5T42) H008421 from the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.”The correct Funding statement appears below.


Prof. Caraci graduated MD in 2001 and he got his PhD degree in Neuropharmacology in 2009 at University of Catania. In March 2021 he was appointed Associate Professor in Pharmacology at University of Catania and Visiting Professor at University of Bordeaux in 2016/2017 as winner of the Visiting Scholar Grant 2016/2017. Prof. Caraci has worked in the field of drug discovery in depression, Alzheimer’s disease and Down Syndrome with the aim to identify new pharmacological targets. Prof. Caraci has been studying the physiology and pharmacology of TGF-ß1 and its role in the pathophysiology of cognitive dysfunction in AD and Down Syndrome.


In the published article, there was an error in the Funding statement. The fund name is incorrect and the fund number is missing. The original text is: Programs for Science and Technology Development of Henan province. The correct Funding statement appears below.Programs for Science and Technology Development of Henan province No. 222102210078.The authors apologize for this error and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. The original article has been updated.


There are errors in the Funding section. The correct Funding statement is: K.M.W was supported by grant from Business for Startup growth and technological development  funded by Korea Ministry of SMEs and Startups in 2020. W.J.P was supported by grant from the National Research Foundation of Korea  funded by the Korean government (MSIT). MSIT is the abbreviation of Ministry of Science and ICT. The funder had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.


In the published article, there was an error in the Funding statement. A funding agency was not included in the Funding statement. The correct Funding statement appears below.This research was partially supported by a grant of the Korea Health Technology R&D Project through the Korea Health Industry Development Institute (KHIDI), funded by the Ministry of Health and Welfare, Republic of Korea (grant number: HI19C1343).The authors apologize for this error and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. The original article has been updated.


There was an error in the funding statement. The correct funding statement is: This work was funded by a grant awarded to SY Zhang under the Key Construction Program of the National "985" Project and "211" Project. LH Yuan is supported by the Guangdong Academy of Sciences Scientific Research Fund (No.qnjj20091) and Guangdong Natural Science Fund (10451026001004389). G Jones, SJ Rossiter and SY Zhang received funding from a Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) China Partnering Award. The funders had no role in study design, design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.


In the Funding section, the number of an additional grant from the Czech University of Life Sciences Prague is incorrectly omitted from the Funding statement. The Funding statement should read: “This project was supported by grants from the Italian Ministry of Environment (MATTM), the Italian Institute for Environmental Protection and Research (ISPRA), the Czech University of Life Sciences Prague (IGA FTZ CZU 20135107 and 511120/1312/3108) and the International Visegrad Fund. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.”


Multiple funding organizations and grants were incorrectly omitted from the Funding Statement. The Funding Statement should read: "This study was supported by KAKENHI from the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture of Japan , Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (No. 24120522), the Society for Research on Umami Taste, and the Global COE Program in "In Silico Medicine" of Osaka University. The authors declare no conflict of interest with any financial organization regarding the manuscript. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript."


An introductory overview to the special issue papers on diffraction structural biology in this issue of the journal. An introductory overview to the special issue papers on diffraction structural biology in this issue of the journal. Journal of Synchrotron Radiation presents articles submitted in the context of the 4th International Symposium on Diffraction Structural Biology (ISDSB2013) held at the Fukiage Hall in Nagoya on 26–29 May 2013. It was the fourth in the series of ISDSB symposia initiated in 2003 by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) and specifically by the University–Industry Cooperative Research Committee (#169) chaired by Professor Noriyoshi Sakabe. The previous conference was held in France, close to Paris at Paris-Sud University (Orsay) and the synchrotron radiation facility SOLEIL, chaired by the late Roger Fourme. ISDSB2013 came back to Japan again.This issue of the The basic concept of the ISDSB symposia is, firstly, to bring together researchers using diffraction and crystallography, and more generally interactions of X-rays, electrons and neutrons with matter, in the study of structural biology, and, secondly, within this domain, to facilitate the interaction between academic and industrial researchers. The interfaces with other active fields in biological ultra-structure using microscopies and spectroscopies (in particular nuclear magnetic resonance) are also respected as vital for the growth of a more systematic understanding of biological function based on structure. The scientific topics covered in ISDSB2013 included the following sessions: (1) synchrotron radiation and free-electron lasers; (2) new methodology and instrumentation; (3) and (4) drug design; (5) electron microscopy; (6) tomography and imaging; (7) neutron diffraction and hydration structure; (8) membrane proteins and macromolecular complexes; (9) protein structure and dynamics. A total of 207 participants, with a number of young scientists and PhD students, from 14 countries took part. The speakers included two Nobel Prize winners, Thomas Steitz and Brian Kobilka, three plenary lecturers  and 31 invited speakers. A poster session was also held and 80 posters were presented. Thirteen commercial and industrial companies presented exhibitions, and a sponsored lunch seminar was also given.The symposium was supported jointly by the #169 Committee of JSPS and by many industrial companies as well as generous individuals. We wish to express our sincere thanks to the University–Industry Cooperation and Research Program Division of the JSPS, to the Industry Club of Japan for their financial contribution through JSPS to print this issue, to the Naito Foundation for supporting the travel fees, and to all companies and persons who contributed their donations and cooperation.


The correct funding information is: “This work was sponsored by an unrestricted grant of the Osteoporosis Platform of the Swiss Society for Rheumatology. The funder had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript."


There was an error in the Funding statement.The correct Funding statement is: The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30971264). The funders had no role in study design, data collection, analysis, decision to publish or preparation of the manuscript.


This project is a community-level study of equity of access to eye health services for Indigenous Australians.The project used data on eye health services from multiple sources including Medicare Australia, inpatient and outpatient data and the National Indigenous Eye Health Survey.The analysis focused on the extent to which access to eye health services varied at an area level according to the proportion of the population that was Indigenous . The analysis of health service utilisation also took into account age, remoteness and the Socioeconomic Indices for Areas (SEIFA).The rate of eye exams provided in areas with very high Indigenous populations was two-thirds of the rate of eye exams for areas with very low indigenous populations. The cataract surgery rates in areas with high medium to very high Indigenous populations were less than half that reference areas. In over a third of communities with very high Indigenous populations the cataract surgery rate fell below the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines compared to a cataract surgery rate of 3% in areas with very low Indigenous populations.There remain serious disparities in access to eye health service in areas with high Indigenous populations. Addressing disparities requires a co-ordinated approach to improving Indigenous people’s access to eye health services. More extensive take-up of existing Medicare provisions is an important step in this process. Along with improving access to health services, community education concerning the importance of eye health and the effectiveness of treatment might reduce reluctance to seek help. Equitable and accessible health services form a key component of equitable health outcomes. Addressing inequities in health services is particularly important in eye health where the disadvantage of Indigenous Australians is unequivocal. The rate of low vision in Indigenous adults is 2.8 times rates in the general population and the rate of blindness 6.2 times higher than general population rates.A core concept in equitable health care is distribution according to level of need for services, without regard to characteristics that do not inform these needs-4. InequOur project examines equity of access to eye health services at a community level by examining the relationship between the percentage of Indigenous people living in an area, socioeconomic status and remoteness, access to ophthalmic and optometric services and the professionals that provide them.The data request was reviewed by Medicare Australia to ensure that the proposed use of the data was ethical and compliant with relevant legislation including the Information Privacy Principles under section 14 of Privacy Act 1988, Health Insurance Act 1973, National Health Act 1953, Health identifiers Act 2010 and Freedom of information Act. The provision of hospital data from State and Territories was similarly reviewed by the relevant data custodians including Corporate Data Management & Reporting; Information Management Section, Australian Capital Territory (request 2762); Health Demand and Performance Evaluation, New South Wales Health; Acute Care Information Unit, Northern Territory Department of Health and Families; Statistical Output, Health Statistics Centre, Queensland Health; Operations Division, South Australia Health; Health Information Provision, Victorian Department of Human Services (request 2601); Data Collection and Analysis - Statutory and Non-Admitted; Information Management and Reporting ( Request 3a_2009OP), West Australian Department of Health Service Review and Enhancement; Department of Health Services, Tasmania.Privacy Act 1988, Information Privacy Act 2000 and the Health Records Act 2001 in Victoria, Health Records and Information Privacy Act 2002 No 71 and Privacy and Personal Information Protection Act 1998 in New South Wales, Health Records (Privacy and Access) Act 1997 in Australian Capital Territory, the Information Privacy Act 2009 in Queensland, Personal Information Protection Act 1991 in Tasmania, Information Act 2002 in Northern Territory, Information Privacy Bill 2007 in Western Australia and Information Privacy Principles 2009 in South Australia.Relevant legislation for standards for information collection, storage, access, transmission, disclosure, use and disposal included the Commonwealth Data on the geographic distribution of ophthalmology practices was obtained from the Royal College of Ophthalmologists (n = 1058) membership in 2008. Data on the geographic distribution of optometry practices was obtained from the 2008 electronic white pages (n = 6270). The number of practitioners is estimated to be equal to the number of offices. This will overestimate practitioners if offices are only visited and operated periodically.Medicare data were obtained for services provided by optometrists and ophthalmologists . Data covered the period from 2004/05-2007/08 . The utilisation data was broken down by age  and statistical subdivision (SSD). The SSD is a general purpose geographical unit determined by the Australian Bureau of Statistics. In aggregate, SSDs cover Australia without gaps or overlaps. For the 2001 Census there were 207 SSDs defined throughout Australia. Medicare is available to people who reside in Australia, excluding Norfolk Island, if they hold Australian or New Zealand citizenship or have been issued with or applied for a permanent visa. Medicare provides access to free treatment as a public patient in a public hospital, free or subsidised treatment by practitioners and free treatment by providers who bulk bill.Data on attendances at outpatient from eye clinics were also collected from each State and Territory by SSD. Data on paediatric attendances were not available from one region of Western Australia because of privacy concerns. Attendance at this clinic was estimated based on the ratio between adult and child hospital separations attendances in the rest of WA. The only complete year of data available for all states and territories was for 2007/08. Outpatient data do not include data on either the age or the Indigenous status of patients seen.Each State and Territory was contacted to identify any other major programs that would not be captured using Medicare and hospitalisation data. While some small additional programs were identified in Queensland, there was no evidence of other major initiatives.Hospital inpatient data for cataract related Australian National Diagnosis Related Groups   for public and private hospitals were obtained from New South Wales, Victoria, Queensland, South Australia and Tasmania by SSD and Aboriginality.The availability of inpatient data from Western Australia and the Northern Territory was limited because of concerns of privacy. Western Australian data was provided by procedure and region. Rates of use in each SSD were then estimated based on population size. Northern Territory data for eye procedures was provided at Territory level. The distribution of services across the Territory was then estimated using the overall distribution of hospital procedures.Inpatient data does include an Indigenous identifier but this suffers from well-documented problems of under-enumeration. The extPopulation projections by age and part of the state for the whole population were obtained from SuperTABLE 4.3.1 Build 10. PopulatIntercooled Stata v10 was used to conduct a panel poisson regression using SSDs as the unit of analysis. The dependent variables for the primary care analysis were eye exams provided by optometrists and ophthalmologists through Medicare and hospitals. The dependent variables in the hospital analysis were the supply of services for cataracts through private and public hospitals. The independent variables were year and the percentage of Indigenous people living in each area. The analyses were run adjusting for age, remoteness and area socioeconomic advantage, disadvantage and socioeconomic educational status. Remoteness was coded into categories . Socioeconomic data were based on the Socio-economic Indexes for Areas (SEIFA). The SEIRates of cataract surgery were also compared to the national average and World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. Most deTableFiguresTableTableA number of areas had cataract surgery below the levels generally recommended by the WHO to reduce cataract blindness in Africa. Around 40 percent of areas with very high Indigenous populations had cataract surgery rates below WHO recommended guidelines. This compares to around 6 percent in reference areas Table. Around The fragmented funding and service provision in the Australian health system creates a major challenge for health services research and the assessment of equity at a system level. We have drawn together information across sectors to provide a comprehensive assessment of eye health services for Indigenous Australians. The study supports the notion that socioeconomic status, ethnicity and geography can all contribute to inequalities in eye health-25. It hAs an ecological study, this research represents an indirect examination of Indigenous eye care access and utilisation. While there are other factors that affect this distribution, including measures of remoteness and socioeconomic disadvantage, there is little doubt that areas with a larger proportion of Indigenous Australians are the most disadvantaged in terms of access to eye health services at a primary care level. The rate of total eye exams provided in areas where the Indigenous population was very high was two-thirds of the rate of eye exams for areas where the Indigenous population was very low. Areas with very high Indigenous populations constituted about two-thirds of areas where the provision of eye health services was significantly below the national average.Broadening the range of health professionals able to obtain reimbursement through Medicare is a key strategy of the reform of the Australian health system. OptometIt is concerning that many areas had rates of cataract surgery that fell below the WHO guidelines. It is eThere is currently heated debate around reduction in the Medicare reimbursement rates for cataract and its implications for service provision. IncreasThe results suggest that despite a number of government initiatives to improve Indigenous people’s utilisation of eye health services there remain significant inequities in access. Even though Australia is a developed country, there was evidence that treatment for cataract in some areas with large Indigenous populations fell below WHO guidelines developed for Africa. Developing a targeted co-ordinated approach to address these issues is a challenge in an environment of complex service provision. More extensive take-up of existing Medicare provisions would be an important step in this process. The National Indigenous Eye Health Survey data suggest that along with improving access to health services, community education around the importance of eye health and the effectiveness of treatment might reduce reluctance to seek help.ATSIC: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Commission; AIHW: Australian Institute of Health and Welfare; SEIFA: Socioeconomic Indices for Areas; SLA: Statistical Local Area; SSD: Statistical subdivision; WHO: World Health Organization.The authors declare that they have no competing interests.MK contributed to the design of the project, drafted the paper and conducted the final analysis. AF contributed to the design of the project, collected the data, conducted preliminary analysis and commented on drafts. HT contributed to the design of the project and commented on drafts. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.The pre-publication history for this paper can be accessed here:http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2415/12/51/prepub


There was information missing from the funding section. The complete, correct funding statement is: This study was funded by Pain Therapeutics who, at the time of the study, had the license for RIT of HIV. The funders paid for research personnel effort, supplies and laboratory animals through industrial research agreements with Albert Einstein College of Medicine and with University of California Los Angeles. Currently Pain Therapeutics do not have the licensing rights for this technology. This work was also supported in part by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation  and Center for AIDS Research at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH AI-51519). Pain Therapeutics participated in the study design, analysis, decision to publish, and preparation of the manuscript. Other funders did not participate in the study design, analysis, decision to publish, and preparation of the manuscript.


The Funding information was incorrect. The correct Funding is: This material is based upon work supported in part by the National Science Foundation under Grant #0962805. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.


There was an error in the Funding statement. The correct version of the statement is:This work was supported by grants from 973 program of China (2010CB529100)，and the Natural Science Foundation of China , as well as by Peking University People’s Hospital Research and Development Funds (RDB2012-04). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.


The Funding line should read: "The authors acknowledge funding for this research from WWF-Australia. RLP acknowledges support from the Australian Research Council. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript."


There were errors in the Funding section. The correct funding information is as follows:This work was supported by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation through Grand Challenge 6; and the EDCTP through the African European TuberculosisConsortium  and the Trials of Excellence in SouthernAfrica . Dr Chegou received financial support from theClaude Leon Foundation and the South African MRC during the writing up of this work. Thefunders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, orpreparation of the manuscript.


The Editor of this article was mistakenly omitted from the final document. The publisher apologizes for the error. The Editor is:Jinfa Zhang, New Mexico State University, USA.


There was an error in the Funding section. The correct funding information is as follows: This study was supported by National March of Dimes and Heart Foundation grants to MEW and KMM. LAG was supported by a National Heart Foundation of Australia Biomedical Scholarship. KMM was supported by an National Health and Medical Research Centre Fellowship. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.


This presentation will demonstrate how public mental health systems can deliver accessible, effective and client-centred eating disorder treatment. It will provide an overview of service development over time aimed at increasing workforce capacity, responsiveness of service provision, improved access and better integration of all essential elements of care. The presentations will describe and discuss this service delivery initiative in the Southern region of Melbourne, looking at barriers, enablers and implications for policy and planning. An overview of the development of an integrated mental health and paediatric service for young people with eating disorders at Alfred Health Child and Youth Mental Health Service will be provided. Data on service provision and outcomes will be discussed, along with a case example illustrating a typical case presenting for treatment at this service.Children and Youth Treatment and Service Development stream of the 2013 ANZAED Conference.This abstract was presented in the


To understand the full burden of a health condition, we need the information on the disease and the information on how that disease impacts the functioning of an individual. The ongoing revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) provides an opportunity to integrate functioning information through the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF).Part of the ICD revision process includes adding information from the ICF by way of “functioning properties” to capture the impact of the disease on functioning. The ICD content model was developed to provide the structure of information required for each ICD-11 disease entity and one component of this content model is functioning properties. The activities and participation domains from ICF are to be included as the value set for functioning properties in the ICD revision process.The joint use of ICD and ICF could create an integrated health information system that would benefit the implementation of a standard language-based electronic health record to better capture and understand disease and functioning in healthcare. Describing and understanding the relationship between disease and functioning requires the use of two of the World Health Organization’s classifications systems: the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)  and the th revision (ICD-11) [The ICD is undergoing its 11(ICD-11)  wherein The process of revising the ICD is coordinated through Topic Advisory Groups (TAGs), each of which is responsible for different content areas. Responsible for the appropriate integration of the functioning properties is the Functioning Topic Advisory Group (fTAG), which consults with each of the TAGs regarding how to deal with functioning properties for their assigned ICD entities.Activity is defined in the ICF as the “execution of a task or action by an individual”, while participation is defined as “involvement in a life situation” [The ICD-11 Content Model  by content experts worldwide in three steps: [Before ICD-11 is completed, functioning properties will need to be populated for each ICD code. This task of population is being done and coordinated using the web-based e steps:  if an ade steps:  use evide steps: .Obtaining information about disease entities and their impact on functioning is not entirely new in the field of medicine and health. While the consideration of the disease and its impact on functioning has been in place, or at least acknowledged, for a long time,  there reThe ICD-11 is due to be launched in 2015, and steps toward that goal are being pursued. Certainly there are challenges on our way, but there are also opportunities that are presented for users in the clinical and research communities to actively contribute in this huge endeavor by WHO and its collaborators worldwide. The unified ICD-ICF in the ICD-11 will allow for consistent terminologies to be used and to be harmonized across ICD and ICF and will provide holistic information about a disease entity and its impact on the functioning of an individual. Efforts are also currently being taken to facilitate the identification of the overlaps for ICD-11 disease entities and their titles with their conceptual equivalent in the ICF towards harmonization of ICD and ICF.The joint use of the ICD and ICF towards an integrated health information model would, in our opinion, benefit medicine and health systems and would support the push for the implementation of a standard language-based electronic health record system towards better health services planning and reimbursement.fTAG: Functioning Topic Advisory Group; iCAT: International Collaborative Authoring Tool; ICD: International Classification of Diseases; ICF: International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health; TAG: Topic Advisory Group; WHO: World Health Organization.The authors declare that they have no competing interests.All authors provided concept/idea, consultation, and writing, and reviewed the manuscript before submission. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.RE is Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Therapy, School of Allied Health Professions Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans LA USA; adjunct research scientist at the ICF Research Branch in cooperation with the WHO Collaborating Centre for the Family of International Classifications in Germany (DIMDI), Nottwil, (Switzerland); and the Swiss Paraplegic Research (SPF), Nottwil, Switzerland.NK is technical officer at World Health Organization, Classifications, Terminologies and Standards (CTS), Department of Health Statistics and Informatics (HSI), Geneva, Switzerland.CK is with the US Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Health Policy Washington D.C., USA.MMRN is technical officer at World Health Organization, Classifications, Terminologies and Standards (CTS), Department of Health Statistics and Informatics (HSI), Geneva, Switzerland.GS is director of the ICF Research Branch in cooperation with the WHO Collaborating Centre for the Family of International Classifications in Germany (DIMDI), Nottwil, (Switzerland) and the Swiss Paraplegic Research (SPF), Nottwil, Switzerland; is Professor and Chair at the Department of Health Sciences and Health Policy, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland.TBU is head of WHO’s Family of International Classifications, Geneva, Switzerland.R Escorpizo is an employee of the Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center (LSUHSC). This article was developed in his professional capacity and does not necessarily represent the views of LSUHSC.C Kennedy is an employee of the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation (ASPE), Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). This article was developed in her professional capacity and does not necessarily represent the views of ASPE or HHS.The pre-publication history for this paper can be accessed here:http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/13/742/prepub


Grants to the second and third authors (AV and JP) are incorrectly omitted from the Funding statement. The Funding statement should read: “The PC lab was supported by the Swiss National Foundation for Scientific Research (grant 31003A-135789), the Doerenkamp-Zbinden Foundation and the Fondation Egon Naef pour la Recherche in Vitro. The JP lab was supported by grants from the Swiss National Science Foundation. WCL was partially funded during this project with a Telethon Action Suisse grant and AV was funded by an EMBO Long Term Fellowship. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.”


There was an error in the funding statement. The correct funding statement is: "This work was supported by the Hungarian National Research Fund (PD83444), by the János Bolyai Research Scholarship of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (for MI and CSA), the Czech Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (grant awards LC06004 and OC08025) and the European Regional Development Fund . The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.”


There is information missing from the Funding statement. The complete funding statement is: This study was financially supported by the SNAC project , the GENOBACT project  and was also supported by the Doctoral School on the Agro-Food System (Agrisystem) of the Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore . The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.


There was an error in the Funding statement. The correct version of the Funding statement is available below.This work is funded by the grants from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (S & T major Program: No. 2012ZX1004701-001-002), the Basic Research Program of China , the National Nature Science Foundation of China , and Beijing Natural Science Foundation (No. 5112022). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.


The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript." Two grants from the National Science Council were incorrectly omitted. The Funding Statement should read: "This project was supported by VGH92-378 from the Taipei Veterans General Hospital (