diff --git "a/id/data/000000301.jsonl" "b/id/data/000000301.jsonl" new file mode 100644--- /dev/null +++ "b/id/data/000000301.jsonl" @@ -0,0 +1,1000 @@ +{"title":"Piala Dunia Rugby 2003","wikicode":"#ALIH [[Piala Dunia Rugbi 2003]]","hash":"0e3bf0f2b9b1b85449eb17cc8a03053e91380d18f9e5ca103a5b0b188019a55f","last_revision":"2010-07-13T08:42:00Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T08:42:00Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:13.354629","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH Piala Dunia Rugbi 2003\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH Piala Dunia Rugbi 2003","translated_text":"The 2003 Rugby World Cup","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Kualifikasi Piala Dunia FIFA 2006 (CONMEBOL-OFC)","wikicode":"#ALIH [[Kualifikasi Piala Dunia FIFA 2006 – Play-off antarkonfederasi#Zona Amerika Selatan melawan Zona Oseania]]","hash":"01022dceaddb5c03e4f9e440c2ec3ebe3598223993bf2635a7ac9abb891b8aa2","last_revision":"2019-04-04T14:35:55Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T08:45:55Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:13.428221","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH Kualifikasi Piala Dunia FIFA 2006 – Play-off antarkonfederasi#Zona Amerika Selatan melawan Zona Oseania\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH Kualifikasi Piala Dunia FIFA 2006 – Play-off antarkonfederasi#Zona Amerika Selatan melawan Zona Oseania","translated_text":"The 2006 FIFA World Cup qualifiers ⁇ Inter-Confederation play-off between the South American Zone and the Oceania Zone","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Templat:Peserta Piala Dunia FIFA 1930","wikicode":"#ALIH [[Templat:Finalis Piala Dunia FIFA 1930]]","hash":"37326769ac11ba9b57ea6f5bc09301581dde7d2614d4a377e2090a5652a06af6","last_revision":"2010-07-13T08:46:20Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T08:46:20Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:13.489170","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH Templat:Finalis Piala Dunia FIFA 1930\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH Templat:Finalis Piala Dunia FIFA 1930","translated_text":"Template:Finalist of the 1930 FIFA World Cup","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Harleian Miscellany","wikicode":"[[Berkas:HarleianMisc.png|jmpl|ka|Sampul edisi kedua ''Harleian Miscellany'' (1753)]]\n'''Harleian Miscellany''' atau '''A Collection of Scarce, Curious, And Entertaining Pamphlets And Tracts, as well In Manuscript As In Print, Found In The Late Earl Of Oxford's Library, Interspersed With Historical, Political, And Critical Notes''' adalah buku yang berisi kumpulan berbagai bahan bahasan dari perpustakaan Oxford. Isi dari ''Harleian Miscellany'' dipilih dari perpustakaan [[Edward Harley]], Earl kedua Oxford, oleh [[William Oldys]] dan sekertarisnya, dan dengan pengantar dari [[Samuel Johnson]]. ''Harleian Miscellany'' pertama kali diterbitkan dalam delapan volume selama tahun 1744-1746Savage, Henry. \"Introduction.\" The Harleian Miscellany. Cecil Palmer: London, 1924.\n\n== Referensi ==\n{{reflist}}\n\n{{buku-stub}}\n\n[[Kategori:Buku tahun 1744]]","hash":"7ab4f4b438b7facce8ef2f87c3fa0e190e7004ddd9b60bc9a571c4699a5c679f","last_revision":"2019-12-01T15:49:02Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T09:01:17Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:13.544597","cross_lingual_links":{"en":"The Harleian Miscellany"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:48.630527","text":"Harleian Miscellany atau A Collection of Scarce, Curious, And Entertaining Pamphlets And Tracts, as well In Manuscript As In Print, Found In The Late Earl Of Oxford's Library, Interspersed With Historical, Political, And Critical Notes adalah buku yang berisi kumpulan berbagai bahan bahasan dari perpustakaan Oxford. Isi dari Harleian Miscellany dipilih dari perpustakaan Edward Harley, Earl kedua Oxford, oleh William Oldys dan sekertarisnya, dan dengan pengantar dari Samuel Johnson. Harleian Miscellany pertama kali diterbitkan dalam delapan volume selama tahun 1744-1746\n\nKategori:Buku tahun 1744\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Harleian Miscellany atau A Collection of Scarce, Curious, And Entertaining Pamphlets And Tracts, as well In Manuscript As In Print, Found In The Late Earl Of Oxford's Library, Interspersed With Historical, Political, And Critical Notes adalah buku yang berisi kumpulan berbagai bahan bahasan dari perpustakaan Oxford.","translated_text":"The Harleian Miscellany or A Collection of Scarce, Curious, And Entertaining Pamphlets And Tracts, as well as In Manuscript As In Print, Found In The Late Earl Of Oxford's Library, Interspersed With Historical, Political, And Critical Notes is a book containing a collection of various references from the Oxford library.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Isi dari Harleian Miscellany dipilih dari perpustakaan Edward Harley, Earl kedua Oxford, oleh William Oldys dan sekertarisnya, dan dengan pengantar dari Samuel Johnson.","translated_text":"The contents of the Harleian Miscellany were selected from the library of Edward Harley, 2nd Earl of Oxford, by William Oldys and his secretary, and with an introduction by Samuel Johnson.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Harleian Miscellany pertama kali diterbitkan dalam delapan volume selama tahun 1744-1746","translated_text":"The Harleian Miscellany was first published in eight volumes during 1744-1746.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[{"content":"Savage, Henry. \"Introduction.\" The Harleian Miscellany. Cecil Palmer: London, 1924.","char_index":88,"name":null,"url":null,"source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":null,"source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Referensi","translated_text":"References","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kategori:Buku tahun 1744","translated_text":"Category:Books from 1744","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[{"text":"Harleian Miscellany atau A Collection of Scarce, Curious, And Entertaining Pamphlets And Tracts, as well In Manuscript As In Print, Found In The Late Earl Of Oxford's Library, Interspersed With Historical, Political, And Critical Notes adalah buku yang berisi kumpulan berbagai bahan bahasan dari perpustakaan Oxford. Isi dari Harleian Miscellany dipilih dari perpustakaan Edward Harley, Earl kedua Oxford, oleh William Oldys dan sekertarisnya, dan dengan pengantar dari Samuel Johnson. Harleian Miscellany pertama kali diterbitkan dalam delapan volume selama tahun 1744-1746","translated_text":"The Harleian Miscellany or A Collection of Scarce, Curious, And Entertaining Pamphlets And Tracts, as well as In Manuscript As In Print, Found In The Late Earl Of Oxford's Library, Interspersed With Historical, Political, And Critical Notes is a book containing a collection of various references from the Oxford library. The contents of the Harleian Miscellany were selected from the library of Edward Harley, 2nd Earl of Oxford, by William Oldys and his secretary, and with an introduction by Samuel Johnson. The Harleian Miscellany was first published in eight volumes during 1744-1746.","citations":[{"content":"Savage, Henry. \"Introduction.\" The Harleian Miscellany. Cecil Palmer: London, 1924.","char_index":575,"name":null,"url":null,"source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":null,"source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]}]} +{"title":"Jalan Tol Trans-Jawa","wikicode":"{{refimprove}}\n{{Infobox road\n| country =IDN\n| name =Jalan Tol Trans-Jawa\n| state =\n| type = T\n| route =\n| alternate_name = \n| marker_image =\n| province =\n| subtype =\n| county =\n| translation =''Trans-Java Toll Road''\n| map =\n| map_notes =\n| image =\n| image_width =\n| image_alt =\n| image_notes =\n| section =\n| maint =PT Jasamarga Transjawa Tol\n| time_period =1984–sekarang\n| length_km =1167\n| length_notes =\n| established =\n| formed =\n| history =\n| known_for =\n| spur_of =\n| restrictions =\n| tourist =\n| allocation = \n| status =\n| spur_type =\n| e-road =\n| ahn = {{AHN-AH|2|IDN}}\n| tahn =\n| mrn =\n| e-road-shield =\n| arn-shield =\n| tahn-shield =\n| mrn-shield =\n| established_by =\n| header_type =\n| decommissioned =\n| deleted =\n| significance =\n| related =[[Berkas:Motorway_CZ.svg|8px]] [[Jalan Tol Tangerang-Merak|Tangerang-Merak]], [[Berkas:Motorway_CZ.svg|8px]] [[Jalan Tol Jakarta-Tangerang|Jakarta-Tangerang]], [[Berkas:Motorway_CZ.svg|8px]] [[Jalan Tol Jakarta–Cikampek|Jakarta-Cikampek]], [[Berkas:Motorway_CZ.svg|8px]] [[Jalan Tol Cikopo–Palimanan|Cikopo-Palimanan]], [[Berkas:Motorway_CZ.svg|8px]] [[Jalan Tol Palimanan-Kanci|Palimanan-Kanci]], [[Berkas:Motorway_CZ.svg|8px]] [[Jalan Tol Kanci-Pejagan|Kanci-Pejagan]], [[Berkas:Motorway_CZ.svg|8px]] [[Jalan Tol Pejagan-Pemalang|Pejagan-Pemalang]], [[Berkas:Motorway_CZ.svg|8px]] [[Jalan Tol Pemalang-Batang|Pemalang-Batang]], [[Berkas:Motorway_CZ.svg|8px]] [[Jalan Tol Semarang-Batang|Semarang-Batang]], [[Berkas:Motorway_CZ.svg|8px]] [[Jalan Tol Semarang|Semarang]], [[Berkas:Motorway_CZ.svg|8px]] [[Jalan Tol Semarang-Solo|Semarang-Solo]], [[Berkas:Motorway_CZ.svg|8px]] [[Jalan Tol Solo-Ngawi|Solo-Ngawi]], [[Berkas:Motorway_CZ.svg|8px]] [[Jalan Tol Ngawi-Kertosono|Ngawi-Kertosono]], [[Berkas:Motorway_CZ.svg|8px]] [[Jalan Tol Kertosono-Mojokerto|Kertosono-Mojokerto]], [[Berkas:Motorway_CZ.svg|8px]] [[Jalan Tol Surabaya-Mojokerto|Surabaya-Mojokerto]], [[Berkas:Motorway_CZ.svg|8px]] [[Jalan Tol Surabaya–Gempol|Surabaya-Gempol]], [[Berkas:Motorway_CZ.svg|8px]] [[Jalan Tol Gempol-Pasuruan|Gempol-Pasuruan]], [[Berkas:Motorway_CZ.svg|8px]] [[Jalan Tol Pasuruan–Probolinggo|Pasuruan-Probolinggo]], [[Berkas:Motorway_CZ.svg|8px]] ''[[Jalan Tol Probolinggo-Banyuwangi|Probolinggo-Banyuwangi]]''\n|cities = [[Cilegon]], [[Serang]], [[Tangerang]], [[Jakarta]], [[Bekasi]], [[Cikarang]], [[Cikampek]], [[Karawang]], [[Subang]], [[Indramayu]], [[Majalengka]], [[Cirebon]], [[Brebes]], [[Tegal]], [[Pemalang]], [[Pekalongan]], [[Batang]], [[Kendal]], [[Semarang]], [[Ungaran]], [[Salatiga]], [[Boyolali]], [[Surakarta]], [[Karanganyar]], [[Sragen]], [[Ngawi]], [[Madiun]], [[Caruban]], [[Nganjuk]], [[Jombang]], [[Mojokerto]], [[Surabaya]], [[Sidoarjo]], [[Gempol]], [[Bangil]], [[Pasuruan]], [[Probolinggo]], [[Kraksaan, Probolinggo|Kraksaan]], [[Besuki]], [[Situbondo]], [[Banyuwangi]]\n| terminus_a =[[Pelabuhan Merak|Pelabuhan]] [[Merak, Cilegon|Merak]]\n| end_a =\n| beltway_city =\n| orbital =\n| loop =\n| tloop =\n| junction = * [[Pelabuhan Merak|Ramp Pelabuhan Merak]]\n* [[Kaserangan, Ciruas, Serang|Simpang Susun Serang]]\n* [[Cawang, Kramat Jati, Jakarta Timur|Simpang Susun Cawang]]\n* [[Krapyak, Semarang Barat, Semarang|Simpang Susun Krapyak]]\n* [[Waru, Sidoarjo|Simpang Susun Waru]]\n* ''[[Pelabuhan Ketapang|Ramp Pelabuhan Ketapang]]''\n| section0 =\n| ring_road =\n| direction_a =Barat\n| terminus_b =[[Pelabuhan Ketapang|Pelabuhan]] [[Ketapang, Kalipuro, Banyuwangi|Ketapang]]\n| end_b =\n| direction_b =Timur\n| system =\n| previous_route =\n| browse =\n| previous_type =\n| browse_route =\n| next_type =\n| next_route =\n| previous_dab =\n| next_dab =\n| nrhp =\n}}\n\n'''Jalan Tol Trans-Jawa''' adalah sebuah jaringan [[jalan tol]] yang menghubungkan kota-kota di pulau [[Jawa]], Indonesia. Jalan Tol Trans-Jawa membentang antara [[Pelabuhan Merak]], [[Cilegon]], di Provinsi [[Banten]] hingga [[Pelabuhan Ketapang]], [[Kabupaten Banyuwangi|Banyuwangi]], di [[Jawa Timur]]. Jaringan jalan tol ini menghubungkan dua kota terbesar di Indonesia, [[Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta|Jakarta]] dan [[Kota Surabaya|Surabaya]] melalui jalan tol. Jaringan tol yang membentang sepanjang ±1.167 km ini termasuk dalam Asian Highway 2 ([[AH2]]) atau [[Jaringan Jalan Asia]] yang menghubungkan [[Asia|Benua Asia]] dari [[Kota Denpasar|Denpasar]], [[Bali]], Indonesia hingga Khosravi, [[Iran]]. Pada tanggal [[20 Desember]] [[2018]], Jakarta hingga Surabaya telah resmi tersambung dengan jalan tol ini[https://www.liputan6.com/bisnis/read/3852889/jokowi-resmikan-tol-trans-jawa-hari-ini Jokowi resmikan tol trans Jawa hari ini].\n\n== Peta ==\nBerikut ini adalah peta Jalan Tol Trans-Jawa (diperbarui Agustus 2020).\n[[Berkas:Trans-Java Toll road id.svg|pus|623x623px|al=]]\n\n== Ruas utama ==\nBerikut ini adalah tabel ruas utama Jalan Tol Trans-Jawa yang menghubungkan [[Pelabuhan Merak|Merak]] dengan [[Pelabuhan Ketapang|Banyuwangi]] [http://bpjt.pu.go.id/ Situs web resmi Badan Pengatur Jalan Tol]\n{| class=\"wikitable mw-collapsible\"\n|+Tabel Ruas Utama Jalan Tol Trans-Jawa\n! colspan=\"6\" |\n=== Koridor Merak-Tangerang-Jakarta ===\n|-\n! Nama ruas \n!Disingkat!! Pengelola/BUJT !! Panjang Ruas (km) !! Diresmikan pada !! Keterangan/Deskripsi\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Tangerang–Merak|Jalan Tol Tangerang-Merak]]\n|Tamer||[[Marga Mandalasakti|PT Marga Mandalasakti]]\n| 72,45 || rowspan=\"2\" | 1984 ||Ujung paling barat Trans-Jawa yang merupakan akses menuju [[Pelabuhan Merak]].\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Jakarta–Tangerang|Jalan Tol Jakarta-Tangerang]]\n|Janger\n|[[Jasa Marga|PT Jasa Marga (Persero) Tbk.]] \n|27\n|\n|-\n! colspan=\"6\" |\n=== Koridor Jakarta ===\n|-\n! colspan=\"6\" |\n==== Subkoridor [[Jalan Tol Lingkar Dalam Jakarta|Lingkar Dalam Jakarta (JIRR)]] ====\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Pelabuhan]]\n(Pluit-Tanjung Priok)\n|JIRR, HBR I\n| rowspan=\"2\" |[[Citra Marga Nusaphala Persada|PT Citra Marga Nusaphala Persada Tbk.]]\n|13\n|1992\n|Merupakan akses menuju [[Pelabuhan Tanjung Priok]].\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Ir. Wiyoto Wiyono]]\n(Tanjung Priok-Cawang)\n| rowspan=\"2\" |JIRR\n|15\n|1990\n|Merupakan jalan tol layang pertama di Indonesia yang pembangunannya menggunakan teknik [[Sosrobahu]].\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Cawang–Pluit|Jalan Tol Cawang-Pluit]]\n|[[Jasa Marga|PT Jasa Marga (Persero) Tbk.]]\n|21\n|1996\n|Ruas utama yang menghubungkan [[Jalan Tol Jakarta–Tangerang|Tol Jalarta-Tangerang]] dengan [[Jalan Tol Jakarta–Cikampek|Tol Jakarta-Cikampek]].\n|-\n! colspan=\"6\" |\n==== Subkoridor [[Jalan Tol Layang Dalam Kota Jakarta|Lingkar Dalam Jakarta 2/Layang Dalam Kota Jakarta (JIRR 2)]] ====\n|-\n|Jalan Tol Semanan-Sunter\n|JIRR 2 Seksi 1A\n| rowspan=\"6\" |PT Jakarta Tollroad Development\n|20,23\n|\n|\n|-\n|Jalan Tol Sunter-Pulogebang\n|JIRR 2 Seksi 1B\n|9,44\n|Juli 2021\n|\n|-\n|Jalan Tol Duri Pulo-Kampung Melayu\n|JIRR 2 Seksi 2A\n|12,65\n|\n|\n|-\n|Jalan Tol Kampung Melayu-Kemayoran\n|JIRR 2 Seksi 2B\n|9,60\n|\n|\n|-\n|Jalan Tol Ulujami-Tanah Abang\n|JIRR 2 Seksi 3\n|8,70\n|\n|\n|-\n|Jalan Tol Pasar Minggu-Casablanca\n|JIRR 2 Seksi 4\n|9,15\n|\n|\n|-\n! colspan=\"6\" |\n==== Subkoridor [[Jalan Tol Lingkar Luar Jakarta|Lingkar Luar Jakarta (JORR)]] ====\n|-\n|Jalan Tol Penjaringan-Kembangan\n|[[Jalan Tol Lingkar Luar Jakarta W1|JORR W1]]\n|PT Jakarta Lingkar Barat Satu\n|8,65\n|2010\n|\n|-\n|Jalan Tol Kembangan-Ulujami)\n| rowspan=\"2\" |[[Jalan Tol Lingkar Luar Jakarta W2|JORR W2]]\n|PT Marga Lingkar Jakarta\n|7,87\n|2014\n|\n|-\n|Jalan Tol Ulujami-Pondok Pinang\n|PT Jalantol Lingkarluar Jakarta\n|3,56\n|2004\n|\n|-\n|Jalan Tol Pondok Pinang-TMII\n|[[Jalan Tol Lingkar Luar Jakarta S|JORR S]]\n|\n* PT Jalantol Lingkarluar Jakarta (1993-2016)\n* PT Hutama Karya (2016-sekarang){{Cite news|title=Pengelolaan Jalan Tol Pondok Pinang-Jagorawi JORR S Kini Dipegang Hutama Karya|url=https://nasional.kompas.com/read/2016/03/16/15063331/Pengelolaan.Jalan.Tol.Pondok.Pinang-Jagorawi.JORR.S.Kini.Dipegang.Hutama.Karya|work=[[Kompas.com]]|language=id|access-date=2019-10-13|editor-last=Asril|editor-first=Sabrina|first=Ambaranie Nadia Kemala|last=Movanita}}\n|12,90\n|1995\n|Merupakan akses menuju [[Taman Mini Indonesia Indah]].\n|-\n|Jalan Tol TMII-Cikunir\n| rowspan=\"3\" |[[Jalan Tol Lingkar Luar Jakarta E|JORR E]]\n| rowspan=\"3\" |PT Jalantol Lingkarluar Jakarta\n|12,40\n|2007\n|\n|-\n|Jalan Tol Cikunir-Cakung\n|9,07\n|1990\n|\n|-\n|Jalan Tol Cakung-Cilincing\n|4,80\n|2007\n|\n|-\n! colspan=\"6\" |\n==== Subkoridor [[Jalan Tol Lingkar Luar Jakarta 2|Lingkar Luar Jakarta 2 (JORR 2)]] ====\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Cengkareng–Batuceper–Kunciran|Jalan Tol Cengkareng-Batuceper-Kunciran]]\n|CBK\n|PT Jasa Marga Kunciran Cengkareng\n|15,20\n|April 2021\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Kunciran–Serpong|Jalan Tol Kunciran-Serpong]]\n|Kunser\n|PT Marga Trans Nusantara\n|11,20\n|Desember 2019\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Serpong–Cinere|Jalan Tol Serpong-Cinere]]\n|Sercin\n|PT Cinere Serpong Jaya\n|10,10\n|\n* 2021 (Serpong-Pamulang)\n* 2024 (Beroperasi Penuh)\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Cinere–Jagorawi|Jalan Tol Cinere-Cimanggis]]\n|Cijago\n|PT Translingkar Kita Jaya\n|14,60\n|\n* 2012 (Cisalak-Jagorawi)\n* 2019 (Cisalak-Kukusan)\n*2022 (Kukusan-Krukut)\n*2024 (Beroperasi Penuh)\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Cimanggis–Cibitung|Jalan Tol Cimanggis-Cibitung]]\n|Cimaci\n|PT Cimanggis-Cibitung Tollways\n|25,40\n|\n* 2020 (Cimanggis-Jatikarya)\n* 2023 (Jatikarya-Nagrak)\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Cibitung-Cilincing]]\n|Cibicil\n|PT MTD CTP Expressway\n|33,90\n|\n* 2021 (Cibitung-Telaga Asih)\n* 2022 (Telaga Asih-Tarumajaya)\n* 2023 (Beroperasi penuh) \n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Akses Tanjung Priok]]\n|\n|PT Hutama Karya\n|11,40\n|2017\n|Menyediakan akses langsung menuju [[Pelabuhan Tanjung Priok]].\n|-\n! colspan=\"6\" |\n=== Koridor Jakarta-Cirebon-Semarang ===\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Jakarta–Cikampek|Jalan Tol Jakarta-Cikampek]]\n|Japek\n|[[Jasa Marga|PT Jasa Marga (Persero) Tbk.]]\n|73\n|1988\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Cikopo–Palimanan|Jalan Tol Cikopo-Palimanan]]\n|Cipali\n|PT Lintas Marga Sedaya\n|116\n|2015\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Palimanan–Kanci|Jalan Tol Palimanan-Kanci]]\n|Palikanci\n|[[Jasa Marga|PT Jasa Marga (Persero) Tbk.]]\n|26\n|1998\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Kanci–Pejagan|Jalan Tol Kanci-Pejagan]]\n|Cijagan\n|PT Semesta Marga Raya\n|35\n|2010\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Pejagan–Pemalang|Jalan Tol Pejagan-Pemalang]]\n|Pejalang\n|PT Pejagan-Pemalang Toll Road\n|57\n|\n* 2016 (Pejagan-Brebes Timur)\n* 2018 (Beroperasi penuh)\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Pemalang–Batang|Jalan Tol Pemalang-Batang]]\n|Pematang\n|PT Pemalang-Batang Toll Road\n|39\n|\n* November 2018 (Sewaka-Pemalang)\n* Desember 2018 (Beroperasi penuh)\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Semarang–Batang|Jalan Tol Semarang-Batang]]\n|Semartang, Batarang\n|PT Jasa Marga Semarang-Batang\n|75\n|Desember 2018\n|\n|-\n! colspan=\"6\" |\n=== Koridor Semarang-Surakarta-Surabaya ===\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Semarang]]\n|Semarang ABC\n|[[Jasa Marga|PT Jasa Marga (Persero) Tbk.]]\n|24,75\n|1983\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Semarang–Solo|Jalan Tol Semarang-Solo]]\n|Somar\n|PT Trans Marga Jateng\n|72,64\n|\n* 2011 (Semarang-Ungaran)\n* 2014 (Ungaran-Bawen)\n* 2017 (Bawen-Salatiga)\n* 2018 (Beroperasi penuh)\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Solo–Ngawi|Jalan Tol Solo-Ngawi]]\n|Sowi, Soker\n|PT Jasa Marga Solo-Ngawi\n|90\n|\n* Maret 2018 (Ngawi-Klitik)\n* Juli 2018 (Kartasura-Solo-Sragen)\n* November 2018 (Beroperasi penuh)\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Ngawi–Kertosono|Jalan Tol Ngawi-Kertosono]]\n|Wiker, Soker\n|PT Jasa Marga Ngawi-Kertosono-Kediri\n|87,02\n|\n* Maret 2018 (Klitik-Madiun-Wilangan)\n* Desember 2018 (Beroperasi penuh)\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Kertosono–Mojokerto|Jalan Tol Kertosono-Mojokerto]]\n|Moker\n|PT Marga Harjaya Infrastruktur\n|40,50\n|\n* 2014 (Bandar-Jombang)\n* 2016 (Mojokerto Barat-Mojokerto Timur)\n* 2017 (Jombang-Mojokerto Barat)\n* 2018 (Beroperasi penuh)\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Surabaya–Mojokerto|Jalan Tol Surabaya-Mojokerto]]\n|Sumo\n|PT Jasa Marga Surabaya-Mojokerto\n|36,27\n|\n* 2011 (Waru-Sepanjang)\n* 2016 (Mojokerto Timur-Krian)\n* 2017 (Beroperasi penuh)\n|\n|-\n! colspan=\"6\" |\n=== Koridor Surabaya-Gempol-Banyuwangi ===\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Surabaya–Gempol|Jalan Tol Surabaya-Gempol]]\n|Surgem\n|[[Jasa Marga|PT Jasa Marga (Persero) Tbk.]]\n|45\n|\n* 1986\n\n'''Relokasi seksi Porong-Gempol:'''\n\n* 2015 (Kejapanan-Gempol)\n* 2018 (Beroperasi penuh)\n|\n* Merupakan akses menuju [[Pelabuhan Tanjung Perak]].\n* Pada tahun 2006, seksi Porong-Gempol tenggelam akibat bencana [[Banjir lumpur panas Sidoarjo|Lumpur Lapindo]].\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Gempol–Pasuruan|Jalan Tol Gempol-Pasuruan]]\n|Gempas\n|PT Jasa Marga Gempol-Pasuruan\n|34,15\n|\n* Agustus 2017 (Gempol-Rembang)\n* Juni 2018 (Rembang-Pasuruan)\n* Desember 2018 (Beroperasi penuh)\n|Menyediakan akses langsung menuju Kawasan Industri Rembang Pasuruan (''Pasuruan Industrial Estate Rembang''/PIER).\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Pasuruan–Probolinggo|Jalan Tol Pasuruan-Probolinggo]]\n|Paspro\n|PT Trans Jawa Paspro Jalan Tol\n|40\n|\n* April 2019 (Grati-Probolinggo Timur)\n* Agustus 2023 (Beroperasi Penuh)\n|Menyediakan akses menuju kawasan [[Taman Nasional Bromo Tengger Semeru]] via Probolinggo. \n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Probolinggo–Banyuwangi|Jalan Tol Probolinggo-Banyuwangi]]\n|Probowangi\n|PT Jasa Marga Probolinggo-Banyuwangi\n|164\n|\n|ujung paling timur Trans-Jawa yang merupakan akses menuju [[Pelabuhan Ketapang]].\n|}\n\n== Ruas pendukung ==\nSeiring perkembangan zaman, laju pertumbuhan ekonomi dan pembangunan infrastruktur di beberapa daerah di Pulau Jawa meningkat pesat. Hal itulah yang mendorong pemerintah, investor, kontraktor, dan masyarakat berinisiatif untuk membangun beberapa ruas jalan tol pendukung sebagai akses menuju beberapa daerah yang tidak dilewati ruas utama Jalan Tol Trans-Jawa.\n\nBerikut ini adalah tabel ruas pendukung Jalan Tol Trans-Jawa.{{cite web|url=https://kppip.go.id/proyek-strategis-nasional/|title=Proyek Strategis Nasional|location=Jakarta|publisher=Komite Percepatan Penyediaan Infrastruktur Prioritas}}\n{| class=\"wikitable mw-collapsible\"\n|+Tabel Ruas Pendukung Jalan Tol Trans-Jawa\n! colspan=\"6\" |\n=== Koridor utara Jawa ===\n|-\n! Nama ruas \n!Disingkat!! Pengelola !! Panjang Ruas (km) !! Diresmikan pada !! Keterangan/Deskripsi\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Semanan–Balaraja|Jalan Tol Semanan-Balaraja]]\n|Semaraja\n|[[Djarum|PT Djarum]]\n|21,00\n|\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Kamal-Teluk Naga-Rajeg]]\n|Kataraja\n|[[Gudang Garam|PT Gudang Garam Tbk.]]\n|35,60\n|\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Pakuhaji–Sepatan Timur|Jalan Tol Pakuhaji-Sepatan Timur]]\n|Pakutan\n|[[Wismilak Group|PT Gelora Djaja]]\n|11,50\n|\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Prof. Dr. Sedyatmo]]\n|Tol Bandara Soetta\n|[[Jasa Marga|PT Jasa Marga (Persero) Tbk.]]\n|12\n|1985\n|Menyediakan akses langsung menuju [[Bandar Udara Internasional Soekarno–Hatta|Bandara Internasional Soekarno-Hatta]].\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Pelabuhan II|Jalan Tol Pelabuhan 2]] (Ancol Timur–Pluit)\n|HBR II\n|[[Citra Marga Nusaphala Persada|PT Citra Marga Nusaphala Persada Tbk]]\n|9,60\n|\n|Dibangun dengan struktur bertingkat di atas [[Jalan Tol Pelabuhan]]{{Cite news|last=Indraini|first=Anisa|date=2021-08-17|title=Pengeboran Pertama Dimulai, Tol Bertingkat Harbour Road II RI Kelar 2024|url=https://finance.detik.com/infrastruktur/d-5685823/pengeboran-pertama-dimulai-tol-bertingkat-harbour-road-ii-ri-kelar-2024|work=[[Detik.com|Detik]]|location=[[Jakarta]]|publisher=[[Trans Media]]|access-date=2022-08-31}}.\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Bekasi–Cawang–Kampung Melayu|Jalan Tol Bekasi-Cawang-Kampung Melayu]]\n|Becakayu\n|PT Kresna Kusuma Dyandra Marga\n|21,04\n|\n* November 2017 (Cipinang Melayu-Jakasampurna)\n*Maret 2021 (Casablanca-Cipinang Melayu)\n*Maret 2023 (Jakasampurna-Kayuringin)\n|Dibangun dengan struktur bertingkat di atas [[Saluran Kalimalang]].\n|-\n|[[Jalan Layang Sheikh Mohammed bin Zayed]]\n|Layang MBZ\n|PT Jasa Marga Jalan Layang Cikampek\n|36,84\n|Desember 2019{{Cite news|url=https://finance.detik.com/infrastruktur/d-4820003/sah-jokowi-resmikan-tol-layang-terpanjang-ri-di-tanggal-cantik|title=Sah! Jokowi Resmikan Tol Layang Terpanjang RI di Tanggal Cantik|last=Indraini|first=Anisa|date=|work=[[Detik.com|detikcom]]|access-date=2020-01-18}}\n|Merupakan jalan tol layang terpanjang di Indonesia.\nSebelumnya resmi dikenal sebagai Jalan Tol Layang Jakarta–Cikampek atau disebut ''Jakarta-Cikampek Elevated''.\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Akses Patimban]]\n|\n|PT Jasa Marga Akses Patimban\n|37\n|\n|Menyediakan akses langsung menuju [[Pelabuhan Patimban]].\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Semarang-Demak]]\n|Semarak||PT PP Semarang Demak\n| 24,75 || Februari 2023 (Sayung-Demak){{Cite web|last=Firmansyah|first=M Julnis|date=2023-02-25|editor-last=Febriyan|title=Resmikan Tol Semarang-Demak, Jokowi Ingatkan Soal Kecepatan Distribusi Barang|url=https://nasional.tempo.co/read/1695832/resmikan-tol-semarang-demak-jokowi-ingatkan-soal-kecepatan-distribusi-barang|website=Tempo.co|access-date=2023-02-25}}|| dibangun di pinggir pantai sebagai tanggul laut penahan banjir robhttp://properti.kompas.com/read/2017/12/15/120016221/zona-lokasi-tol-semarang-demak-tuntas-dikerjakan yang menggunakan teknologi matras dari bambu setebal 17 lapis.{{Cite news|last=Bahfein|first=Suhaiela|date=2021-09-20|editor-last=Alexander|editor-first=Hilda|title=Tersambung Tanggul Laut, Tol Semarang-Demak Diperkuat Matras Bambu 17 Lapis|url=https://www.kompas.com/properti/read/2021/09/20/200000421/tersambung-tanggul-laut-tol-semarang-demak-diperkuat-matras-bambu-17|newspaper=[[Kompas (surat kabar)|Kompas]]|location=[[Jakarta]]|publisher=[[KG Media]]|access-date=2022-08-31}}\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Demak-Tuban]]\n|\n|\n|171,93\n|\n|Akan dibangun pada tahun 2020.{{Cite news|url=https://www.antaranews.com/berita/1077418/proyek-jalan-tol-demak-tuban-siap-lelang-2020|title=Proyek jalan tol Demak - Tuban siap lelang 2020|last=Wiguna|date=2019-09-23|agency=[[LKBN Antara]]|location=[[Jakarta]]|access-date=2019-10-13|first=Dewa Ketut Sudiarta|editor-last=Yunianto|editor-first=Faisal}}\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Tuban–Gresik|Jalan Tol Tuban-Lamongan-Gresik]]\n|\n|PT Gelora Djaja\n|\n|\n|Akan dibangun kawasan industri di daerah [[Manyar, Gresik|Manyar]].{{Cite web|url=https://www.gridoto.com/read/221864421/bukan-hanya-wacana-gresik-hingga-tuban-bakal-terhubung-lewat-jalan-tol|title=Bukan Hanya Wacana, Gresik Hingga Tuban Bakal Terhubung Lewat Jalan Tol - Semua Halaman - GridOto.com|last=GridOto.com|website=www.gridoto.com|language=id|access-date=2019-10-13}}\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Surabaya–Gresik|Jalan Tol Surabaya-Gresik]]\n|Surgres\n|PT Marga Bumi Matraraya\n|20,70\n|1993\n|\n|-\n|[[Jembatan Nasional Suramadu|Jalan Tol Surabaya-Madura]]\n|Suramadu|| [[Jasa Marga|PT Jasa Marga (Persero) Tbk.]]|| 5 || 2009 ||\n* Merupakan jembatan tol antarpulau pertama di Indonesia.\n* Pada Oktober 2018, status jalan sudah diubah menjadi jalan non-tol/jalan raya biasa semenjak tarifnya digratiskan untuk seterusnya.\n|-\n! colspan=\"6\" |\n\n=== Koridor tengah Jawa ===\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Serang-Panimbang]]\n|Serpan\n|PT Wijaya Karya Serang-Panimbang\n|84\n|\n* November 2021 (Serang-Rangkasbitung)\n|terdapat akses menuju Tanjung Lesung dan [[Taman Nasional Ujung Kulon|Ujung Kulon]]. Rencananya akan dibangun pada bulan Januari 2018.http://nasional.republika.co.id/berita/nasional/daerah/17/12/18/p15ke6383-pembangunan-tol-serang-panimbang-dimulai-2018 Pembangunan Tol Serang Panimbang Dimulai 2018.\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Ulujami–Serpong|Jalan Tol Ulujami-Serpong]]\n|Jamirpong\n|\n* PT Jalantol Lingkarluar Jakarta\n* PT Bintaro Serpong Damai\n|12,5\n|\n* 1999 (Serpong-Pondok Aren)\n* 2002 (Pondok Aren-Bintaro)\n* 2005 (Bintaro-Ulujami)\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Serpong-Balaraja]]\n|Serbaraja\n|PT Trans Bumi Serbaraja\n|39\n|\n* Agustus 2022 (Serpong-BSD)\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Bogor-Parung-Serpong]]\n|Rumpin\n|\n|31,1\n|\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Sentul Selatan-Jonggol-Karawang Barat]]http://simpulkpbu.pu.go.id/project/read/199/jalan-tol-sentul-selatan-karawang-barat\n|\n|\n|61,5\n|\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Jakarta–Cikampek II|Jalan Tol Jakarta–Cikampek 2]] (Jakarta-Sadang)\n|Japek 2\n|PT Jasa Marga Japek Selatan\n|62\n|\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Depok–Antasari|Jalan Tol Depok-Antasari]]\n|Desari\n|PT Citra Waspphutowa\n|22,80\n|\n* September 2018 (Antasari-Brigif)\n* Juli 2020 (Brigif-Sawangan){{Cite news|last=Anwar|first=Muhammad Choirul|date=2020-07-03|title=Pengumuman! Tol Sawangan Dibuka Hari Ini, Gratis|url=https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/market/20200703122458-17-169978/pengumuman-tol-sawangan-dibuka-hari-ini-gratis|work=[[CNBC Indonesia]]|location=[[Jakarta]]|publisher=[[Trans Media]]|access-date=2020-08-10}}\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Jakarta–Bogor–Ciawi|Jalan Tol Jakarta-Bogor-Ciawi]]\n|Jagorawi\n|[[Jasa Marga|PT Jasa Marga (Persero) Tbk.]]\n|46\n|Maret 1978\n|Jalan tol pertama yang dibangun di Indonesia\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Lingkar Luar Bogor]]\n|BORR\n|PT Marga Sarana Jabar\n|13,05\n|\n* 2009 (Sentul Selatan-Kedunghalang)\n* 2014 (Kedunghalang-Kedungbadak)\n* Juni 2018 (Kedungbadak-Simpang Yasmin)\n*Januari 2021 (Simpang Yasmin-Kayu Manis){{Cite news|last=Ali|first=Rasyid|date=2021-01-20|title=Tol Bogor Outer Ring Road Seksi III A Dibuka, Tarif Naik Rp4 Ribu|url=https://www.merdeka.com/uang/tol-bogor-outer-ring-road-seksi-iii-a-dibuka-tarif-naik-rp4-ribu.html|work=[[Merdeka.com|Merdeka]]|location=[[Jakarta]]|publisher=[[Surya Citra Media]]|access-date=2021-09-24|language=id|editor-last=Billiocta|editor-first=Ya'cob}}\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Bogor-Ciawi-Sukabumi]]\n|Bocimi\n|PT Trans Jabar Tol\n|53\n|\n* Desember 2018 (Ciawi-Cigombong)\n* Agustus 2023 (Cigombong-Parungkuda)\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Sukabumi–Ciranjang–Padalarang|Jalan Tol Sukabumi-Cianjur-Padalarang]]{{Cite news|last=Awaludin|first=Yosef|title=Pengoperasian Penuh Tol Bocimi Tunggu Evaluasi Tol Sukabumi-Ciranjang|url=http://www.radarbogor.id/2019/01/09/pengoperasian-penuh-tol-bocimi-tunggu-evaluasi-tol-sukabumi-ciranjang/|newspaper=Radar Bogor|location=[[Bogor]]|publisher=[[Jawa Pos Group]]|language=id-ID|access-date=2019-10-13}}\n|\n|\n|115\n|\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Cikampek–Purwakarta–Padalarang|Jalan Tol Cikampek-Purwakarta-Padalarang]]\n|Cipularang\n| rowspan=\"2\" |[[Jasa Marga|PT Jasa Marga (Persero) Tbk.]]\n|52\n|\n* Agustus 2003 (Cikampek-Sadang)\n* September 2003 (Padalarang-Cikamuning)\n* April 2005 (Beroperasi Penuh)\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Padalarang–Cileunyi|Jalan Tol Padalarang-Cileunyi]]\n|Padaleunyi\n|33\n|1991\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Dalam Kota Bandung]]\n|BIUTR, BIRR\n|PT Margautama Nusantara\n|27\n|\n|akan dibangun pada tahun 2018.https://finance.detik.com/berita-ekonomi-bisnis/3410408/tol-dalam-kota-bandung-mulai-konstruksi-di-2018\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Soreang–Pasirkoja|Jalan Tol Soreang-Pasirkoja]]\n|Soroja\n|PT Citra Marga Lintas Jabar\n|15\n|2017\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Cileunyi-Sumedang-Dawuan]]\n|Cisumdawu\n|PT. Citra Karya Jabar Tol\n|62,60\n|\n* Januari 2022 (Cileunyi - Pamulihan)\n* Desember 2022 (Pamulihan - Cimalaka)\n* Juli 2023 (Beroperasi Penuh) \n|\n* Jalan tol yang menembus bukit pertama di Indonesia \n* Merupakan akses menuju [[Bandar Udara Internasional Kertajati|Bandara Internasional Jawa Barat]].{{cite news|url=http://bisnis.liputan6.com/read/3097160/pertama-kali-ri-bakal-punya-jalan-tol-dengan-terowongan|title=Pertama Kali, RI Bakal Punya Jalan Tol dengan Terowongan|last=Istianur Praditya|first=Ilyas|work=[[Liputan6]]|location=[[Jakarta]]|publisher=[[Surya Citra Media]]|date=16 September 2017}}\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Tegal-Cilacap|Jalan Tol Pejagan-Cilacap]] {{Cite press release|title=TOL PENGHUBUNG PANTURA & PANSELA JAWA AKAN LEWATI BANYUMAS|url=https://bappeda.jatengprov.go.id/tol-penghubung-pantura-pansela-jawa-akan-lewati-banyumas/|publisher=BAPPEDA Provinsi Jawa Tengah|location=[[Semarang]]|language=id-ID|access-date=2022-09-28}}\n|\n|\n|\n|\n|Jalan tol penghubung antar jalur Pantura (Brebes) - Pansela (Cilacap) melalui wilayah kabupaten Banyumas (BarlingmasCakeb), Perpres No. 79 tahun 2019.{{Cite web|title=PERPRES No. 79 Tahun 2019 tentang Percepatan Pembangunan Ekonomi Kawasan Kendal - Semarang - Salatiga - Demak - Grobongan, Kawasan Purworejo - Wonosobo - Magelang - Temanggung, dan Kawasan Brebes - Tegal - Pemalang [JDIH BPK RI]|url=https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Home/Details/126139/perpres-no-79-tahun-2019|website=peraturan.bpk.go.id|access-date=2022-09-28}}\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Yogyakarta-Magelang-Bawen]]\n|Yogelawen\n|PT Jasa Marga Jogja Bawen\n|75,82\n|\n|akan tersambung dengan [[Jalan Tol Semarang-Solo]].{{Cite web|title=Salinan arsip|url=http://www.jogja.co/berita-jogja-pemerintah-kebut-proyek-tol-bawen-yogyakarta/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171226021019/http://www.jogja.co/berita-jogja-pemerintah-kebut-proyek-tol-bawen-yogyakarta/|archive-date=2017-12-26|dead-url=yes|access-date=2017-12-25}}\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Ngawi-Bojonegoro-Tuban]]\n|Ngaroban\n|\n|116,78[https://dinkominfo.bojonegorokab.go.id/berita/baca/1010 \"Proses Pembangunan Tol Ruas Ngawi - Bojonegoro - Tuban (Ngaroban) Masuki Tahap Konsultasi Publik\"]. ''Dinas Komunikasi dan Informatika Kabupaten Bojonegoro''. 15 Februari 2022\n|\n|akan dibangun pada tahun 2023.{{cite press release|url=http://kominfo.jatimprov.go.id/read/umum/dlh-kab-bojonegoro-gelar-kosultasi-publik-pembangunan-jalan-tol-ngaroban|title=DLH Kab Bojonegoro Gelar Kosultasi Publik Pembangunan Jalan Tol Ngaroban|publisher=Dinas Komunikasi dan Informatika Provinsi Jawa Timur|location=Surabaya|date=15 Februari 2022}}\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Kertosono–Kediri|Jalan Tol Kertosono-Kediri]]\n|\n|PT Jasa Marga Ngawi Kertosono Kediri\n|24{{Cite news|title=BPJT Kaji Ruas Kediri–Tulungagung|last=Petriella|first=Yanita|url=https://surabaya.bisnis.com/read/20180621/437/807856/jalan-tol-bpjt-kaji-ruas-kediritulungagung|newspaper=[[Bisnis Indonesia]]|location=[[Surabaya]]|access-date=2019-10-13}}\n|\n|akan dibangun [[Bandar Udara Kediri|bandara]] di [[Kota Kediri|Kediri]].{{Cite news|title=Rencana Pemkot Kediri Menyongsong Jalan Tol dan Bandara Baru|url=https://suryamalang.tribunnews.com/2019/01/10/rencana-pemkot-kediri-menyongsong-jalan-tol-dan-bandara-baru|last=Mashudi|first=Didik|newspaper=[[Surya (surat kabar)|Surya]]|publisher=[[KG Media]]|location=[[Malang]]|language=id|access-date=2019-10-13|last=Mashudi|first=Didik}}\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Kediri–Tulungagung|Jalan Tol Kediri-Tulungagung]]\n|\n|[[Gudang Garam|PT Gudang Garam Tbk]]\n|37,5\n|\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Krian-Legundi-Bunder-Manyar]]\n|KLBM\n|PT Waskita Bumi Wira\n|38https://finance.detik.com/berita-ekonomi-bisnis/3368828/ditarget-rampung-2019-ini-manfaat-jalan-tol-krian-manyar\n|\n* November 2020 (Krian-Legundi-Bunder){{Cite web|title=Khofifah Resmikan Operasional Tol Krian Legundi Bunder Manyar, Solusi Koneksi Antar Sentra Industri|url=https://ngabarin.id/detail/26759/khofifah-resmikan-operasional-tol-krian-legundi-bunder-manyar-solusi-koneksi-antar-sentra-industri|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201210193028/https://ngabarin.id/detail/26759/khofifah-resmikan-operasional-tol-krian-legundi-bunder-manyar-solusi-koneksi-antar-sentra-industri|archive-date=2020-12-10|dead-url=yes|access-date=2020-11-30}}\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Waru-Juanda]]\n|Warunda\n|PT Citra Margatama Surabaya\n|20\n|2007\n|Menyediakan akses langsung menuju [[Bandar Udara Internasional Juanda|Bandara Internasional Juanda]].\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Gempol-Pandaan]]\n|Gempan\n|PT Jasamarga Pandaan Tol\n|13,61\n|2015http://economy.okezone.com/read/2015/06/12/320/1164279/hari-ini-presiden-jokowi-resmikan-tol-gempol-pandaan\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Pandaan-Malang]]\n|Mapan\n|PT Jasa Marga Pandaan-Malang\n|38\n|\n* Mei 2019 (Pandaan-Singosari)https://finance.detik.com/berita-ekonomi-bisnis/d-3446935/lahan-baru-bebas-67-jokowi-minta-tol-pandaan-malang-dipercepat\n* November 2019 (Singosari-Pakis)[https://news.detik.com/berita-jawa-timur/d-4767941/hari-ini-tol-seksi-4-singosari-pakis-malang-digratiskan Hari Ini Tol Seksi 4 Singosari-Pakis Malang Digratiskan]\n* April 2020 (Beroperasi penuh){{Cite news|last=Ibrahim|date=2020-04-06|title=Jalan Tol Pandaan-Malang segmen Pakis-Malang beroperasi|url=https://www.antaranews.com/berita/1406746/jalan-tol-pandaan-malang-segmen-pakis-malang-beroperasi|agency=[[LKBN Antara]]|location=[[Surabaya]]|access-date=2020-04-06|first=A Malik|editor-last=Buchori|editor-first=Ahmad}}[https://surabaya.liputan6.com/read/4221122/ruas-tol-pandaan-beroperasi-penuh-percepat-perjalanan-surabaya-malang Ruas Tol Pandaan Beroperasi Penuh, Percepat Perjalanan Surabaya-Malang]\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Malang-Kepanjen]]{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Dua Jalan Tol Baru di Jawa Timur Ditarget Rampung Tahun 2020, Ruas Trenggalek-Banyuwangi Siap Dikerjakan|url=https://www.gridoto.com/read/221974462/dua-jalan-tol-baru-di-jawa-timur-ditarget-rampung-tahun-2020-ruas-trenggalek-banyuwangi-siap-dikerjakan?page=all|website=|access-date=2020-01-18}}\n|\n|\n|29,79\n|\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Singosari–Batu–Kediri|Jalan Tol Malang-Batu-Kediri]]\n|\n|\n|110{{Cite news|last=JawaPos.com|date=2019-03-26|title=Pemprov Berharap Tol Subakri dan Probolajang Terealisasi Tahun Ini|url=https://radarsurabaya.jawapos.com/read/2019/03/26/127576/pemprov-berharap-tol-subakri-dan-probolajang-terealisasi-tahun-ini|work=[[Jawa Pos|JawaPos.com]]|language=id|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190401133544/https://radarsurabaya.jawapos.com/read/2019/03/26/127576/pemprov-berharap-tol-subakri-dan-probolajang-terealisasi-tahun-ini|archive-date=2019-04-01|dead-url=yes|access-date=2019-10-13}}\n|\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Probolinggo–Lumajang|Jalan Tol Probolinggo-Lumajang]]\n|Prolajang\n|PT Surya Majapahit Marga Wisata\n|32\n|\n|\n|-\n! colspan=\"6\" |\n=== Koridor selatan Jawa ===\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Gedebage–Tasikmalaya–Cilacap|Jalan Tol Gedebage-Tasikmalaya-Cilacap]]\n|Getaci\n|PT Jasa Marga Gedebage Cilacap\n|206,65\n|\n|Tahap 1 mulai dibangun pada akhir tahun 2022.{{Cite news|date=2022-01-31|title=Pembangunan Jalan Tol Gedebage-Tasikmalaya-Cilacap, Kandidat Tol Terpanjang di Indonesia, Dimulai Akhir 2022|url=https://money.kompas.com/read/2022/01/31/125807426/pembangunan-jalan-tol-gedebage-tasikmalaya-cilacap-kandidat-tol-terpanjang-di|newspaper=[[Kompas (surat kabar)|Kompas]]|location=[[Jakarta]]|publisher=[[KG Media]]|language=id|access-date=2022-01-31|editor-last=Ika|editor-first=Aprillia|first=Ade Miranti|last=Karunia}}\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Cilacap–Yogyakarta|Jalan Tol Cilacap-Yogyakarta]]\n|\n|\n|121,75\n|\n|Merupakan akses menuju [[Bandar Udara Internasional Yogyakarta|Yogyakarta International Airport]].{{Cite news|title=Salinan arsip|url=http://semarang.bisnis.com/read/20170813/13/95847/menteri-basuki-pastikan-rencana-pembangunan-tol-cilacap-yogyakarta|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171226020927/http://semarang.bisnis.com/read/20170813/13/95847/menteri-basuki-pastikan-rencana-pembangunan-tol-cilacap-yogyakarta|archive-date=2017-12-26|dead-url=yes|access-date=2017-12-25|work=[[Bisnis Indonesia|Bisnis.com]]}}\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Solo–Yogyakarta|Jalan Tol Solo-Yogyakarta-YIA Kulon Progo]]\n|Joglo\n|PT Jasa Marga Jogja Solo\n|96,57\n|\n|rencana ruas tol menuju [[Kota Yogyakarta]] akan dibangun melayang di atas [[Saluran Mataram]] dan Jalan Ring Road Utara.{{cite news|url=http://bisnis.liputan6.com/read/2876735/lelang-tahun-ini-jalan-tol-yogya-solo-dibangun-melayang|title=Lelang Tahun ini, Jalan Tol Yogya-Solo Dibangun Melayang|last=Ariyanti|first=Fiki|work=[[Liputan6]]|publisher=[[Surya Citra Media]]|location=[[Yogyakarta]]|date=6 Maret 2017}}\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Trenggalek-Banyuwangi]]\n|\n|\n|\n|\n|\n|}\n\n== Dampak ==\nSelesainya Jalan Tol Trans-Jawa dari Jakarta ke Surabaya pada tahun 2018 menyebabkan peningkatan layanan [[bus antarkota]] di Indonesia. Pada masa ini, beberapa perusahaan bus antarkota mulai mengoperasikan armada [[bus tingkat]].{{Cite news|date=2020-10-13|title=Ini Daftar Bus AKAP Double Decker via Tol Trans Jawa |url=https://otomotif.kompas.com/read/2020/10/13/172500415/ini-daftar-bus-akap-double-decker-via-tol-trans-jawa|access-date=2021-07-15|work=[[Kompas.com]]|language=id|editor-last=Ferdian|editor-first=Azwar|first=Muhammad Fathan|last=Radityasani}}\n\n== Galeri ==\n\nFile:Toltrans-jawa1.jpg|Pintu Tol Gerbang Palimanan\nFile:Toltrans-jawa2.png|Pintu Keluar Tol Brebes-Tegal hingga Menuju Tol Ke Kota Semarang\nFile:Toltrans-jawa3.jpg|Tol Trans Jawa Menuju Ke Jakarta, Dapat Dilihat Pemandangan Gunung Disertai Tegangan Tinggi Sutet\nFile:Toltrans-jawa4.jpg|Pintu Keluar Tol Pejagan-Purwokerto Hingga Menuju Tol Ke Kota Semarang\nFile:Toltrans-jawa5.jpg|Jalan Tol Semarang-Solo Hingga Menuju Ke Surabaya\nFile:Toltrans-jawa6.jpg|Pintu Keluar Tol Ngawi-Cepu-Magetan Hingga Menuju Tol Ke Kota Surabaya\nFile:Toltrans-jawa7.jpg|Pintu Keluar Tol Madiun-Magetan-Ponorogo Hingga Menuju Ke Kota Surabaya\nFile:Toltrans-jawa8.jpg|Pintu Keluar Tol Driyorejo-Lakasantri-Benowo Hingga Menuju Ke Kota Surabaya\nFile:Toltrans-jawa9.jpg|Pintu Tol Gerbang Mojokerto\n\n\n== Lihat pula ==\n* [[Daftar jalan tol di Indonesia]]\n* [[Jalan Tol Trans - Sumatera|Jalan Tol Trans-Sumatra]]\n* [[Jalan Bebas Hambatan Trans Kalimantan|Jalan Tol Trans-Kalimantan]]\n* [[Jalan Tol Trans-Sulawesi]]\n\n== Referensi ==\n{{references|2}}\n{{Jalan tol Indonesia}}\n\n[[Kategori:Jalan tol di Jawa| ]]\n\n\n{{transportasi-stub}}","hash":"b257ea8f93e12c525bd5eff996f437f019cadbdf386a889947b625047a33baf1","last_revision":"2024-04-27T17:33:20Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T09:11:23Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:13.608535","cross_lingual_links":{"en":"Trans-Java Toll Road","fr":"Autoroute transjavanaise","ms":"Jalan Tol Trans-Jawa"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:48.630527","text":"Jalan Tol Trans-Jawa adalah sebuah jaringan jalan tol yang menghubungkan kota-kota di pulau Jawa, Indonesia. Jalan Tol Trans-Jawa membentang antara Pelabuhan Merak, Cilegon, di Provinsi Banten hingga Pelabuhan Ketapang, Banyuwangi, di Jawa Timur. Jaringan jalan tol ini menghubungkan dua kota terbesar di Indonesia, Jakarta dan Surabaya melalui jalan tol. Jaringan tol yang membentang sepanjang ±1.167 km ini termasuk dalam Asian Highway 2 (AH2) atau Jaringan Jalan Asia yang menghubungkan Benua Asia dari Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia hingga Khosravi, Iran. Pada tanggal 20 Desember 2018, Jakarta hingga Surabaya telah resmi tersambung dengan jalan tol ini.\n\nBerikut ini adalah peta Jalan Tol Trans-Jawa (diperbarui Agustus 2020).\n\nBerikut ini adalah tabel ruas utama Jalan Tol Trans-Jawa yang menghubungkan Merak dengan Banyuwangi\n\nSeiring perkembangan zaman, laju pertumbuhan ekonomi dan pembangunan infrastruktur di beberapa daerah di Pulau Jawa meningkat pesat. Hal itulah yang mendorong pemerintah, investor, kontraktor, dan masyarakat berinisiatif untuk membangun beberapa ruas jalan tol pendukung sebagai akses menuju beberapa daerah yang tidak dilewati ruas utama Jalan Tol Trans-Jawa.\n\nBerikut ini adalah tabel ruas pendukung Jalan Tol Trans-Jawa.\n\nSelesainya Jalan Tol Trans-Jawa dari Jakarta ke Surabaya pada tahun 2018 menyebabkan peningkatan layanan bus antarkota di Indonesia. Pada masa ini, beberapa perusahaan bus antarkota mulai mengoperasikan armada bus tingkat.\n\nDaftar jalan tol di Indonesia Jalan Tol Trans-Sumatra Jalan Tol Trans-Kalimantan Jalan Tol Trans-Sulawesi\n\nKategori:Jalan tol di Jawa\n","elements":[{"type":"infobox","content":"{{Infobox road\n| country =IDN\n| name =Jalan Tol Trans-Jawa\n| state =\n| type = T\n| route =\n| alternate_name = \n| marker_image =\n| province =\n| subtype =\n| county =\n| translation =''Trans-Java Toll Road''\n| map =\n| map_notes =\n| image =\n| image_width =\n| image_alt =\n| image_notes =\n| section =\n| maint =PT Jasamarga Transjawa Tol\n| time_period =1984–sekarang\n| length_km =1167\n| length_notes =\n| established =\n| formed =\n| history =\n| known_for =\n| spur_of =\n| restrictions =\n| tourist =\n| allocation = \n| status =\n| spur_type =\n| e-road =\n| ahn = {{AHN-AH|2|IDN}}\n| tahn =\n| mrn =\n| e-road-shield =\n| arn-shield =\n| tahn-shield =\n| mrn-shield =\n| established_by =\n| header_type =\n| decommissioned =\n| deleted =\n| significance =\n| related =[[Berkas:Motorway_CZ.svg|8px]] [[Jalan Tol Tangerang-Merak|Tangerang-Merak]], [[Berkas:Motorway_CZ.svg|8px]] [[Jalan Tol Jakarta-Tangerang|Jakarta-Tangerang]], [[Berkas:Motorway_CZ.svg|8px]] [[Jalan Tol Jakarta–Cikampek|Jakarta-Cikampek]], [[Berkas:Motorway_CZ.svg|8px]] [[Jalan Tol Cikopo–Palimanan|Cikopo-Palimanan]], [[Berkas:Motorway_CZ.svg|8px]] [[Jalan Tol Palimanan-Kanci|Palimanan-Kanci]], [[Berkas:Motorway_CZ.svg|8px]] [[Jalan Tol Kanci-Pejagan|Kanci-Pejagan]], [[Berkas:Motorway_CZ.svg|8px]] [[Jalan Tol Pejagan-Pemalang|Pejagan-Pemalang]], [[Berkas:Motorway_CZ.svg|8px]] [[Jalan Tol Pemalang-Batang|Pemalang-Batang]], [[Berkas:Motorway_CZ.svg|8px]] [[Jalan Tol Semarang-Batang|Semarang-Batang]], [[Berkas:Motorway_CZ.svg|8px]] [[Jalan Tol Semarang|Semarang]], [[Berkas:Motorway_CZ.svg|8px]] [[Jalan Tol Semarang-Solo|Semarang-Solo]], [[Berkas:Motorway_CZ.svg|8px]] [[Jalan Tol Solo-Ngawi|Solo-Ngawi]], [[Berkas:Motorway_CZ.svg|8px]] [[Jalan Tol Ngawi-Kertosono|Ngawi-Kertosono]], [[Berkas:Motorway_CZ.svg|8px]] [[Jalan Tol Kertosono-Mojokerto|Kertosono-Mojokerto]], [[Berkas:Motorway_CZ.svg|8px]] [[Jalan Tol Surabaya-Mojokerto|Surabaya-Mojokerto]], [[Berkas:Motorway_CZ.svg|8px]] [[Jalan Tol Surabaya–Gempol|Surabaya-Gempol]], [[Berkas:Motorway_CZ.svg|8px]] [[Jalan Tol Gempol-Pasuruan|Gempol-Pasuruan]], [[Berkas:Motorway_CZ.svg|8px]] [[Jalan Tol Pasuruan–Probolinggo|Pasuruan-Probolinggo]], [[Berkas:Motorway_CZ.svg|8px]] ''[[Jalan Tol Probolinggo-Banyuwangi|Probolinggo-Banyuwangi]]''\n|cities = [[Cilegon]], [[Serang]], [[Tangerang]], [[Jakarta]], [[Bekasi]], [[Cikarang]], [[Cikampek]], [[Karawang]], [[Subang]], [[Indramayu]], [[Majalengka]], [[Cirebon]], [[Brebes]], [[Tegal]], [[Pemalang]], [[Pekalongan]], [[Batang]], [[Kendal]], [[Semarang]], [[Ungaran]], [[Salatiga]], [[Boyolali]], [[Surakarta]], [[Karanganyar]], [[Sragen]], [[Ngawi]], [[Madiun]], [[Caruban]], [[Nganjuk]], [[Jombang]], [[Mojokerto]], [[Surabaya]], [[Sidoarjo]], [[Gempol]], [[Bangil]], [[Pasuruan]], [[Probolinggo]], [[Kraksaan, Probolinggo|Kraksaan]], [[Besuki]], [[Situbondo]], [[Banyuwangi]]\n| terminus_a =[[Pelabuhan Merak|Pelabuhan]] [[Merak, Cilegon|Merak]]\n| end_a =\n| beltway_city =\n| orbital =\n| loop =\n| tloop =\n| junction = * [[Pelabuhan Merak|Ramp Pelabuhan Merak]]\n* [[Kaserangan, Ciruas, Serang|Simpang Susun Serang]]\n* [[Cawang, Kramat Jati, Jakarta Timur|Simpang Susun Cawang]]\n* [[Krapyak, Semarang Barat, Semarang|Simpang Susun Krapyak]]\n* [[Waru, Sidoarjo|Simpang Susun Waru]]\n* ''[[Pelabuhan Ketapang|Ramp Pelabuhan Ketapang]]''\n| section0 =\n| ring_road =\n| direction_a =Barat\n| terminus_b =[[Pelabuhan Ketapang|Pelabuhan]] [[Ketapang, Kalipuro, Banyuwangi|Ketapang]]\n| end_b =\n| direction_b =Timur\n| system =\n| previous_route =\n| browse =\n| previous_type =\n| browse_route =\n| next_type =\n| next_route =\n| previous_dab =\n| next_dab =\n| nrhp =\n}}"},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Jalan Tol Trans-Jawa adalah sebuah jaringan jalan tol yang menghubungkan kota-kota di pulau Jawa, Indonesia.","translated_text":"The Trans-Jawa Highway is a network of highways connecting cities on the island of Java, Indonesia.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Jalan Tol Trans-Jawa membentang antara Pelabuhan Merak, Cilegon, di Provinsi Banten hingga Pelabuhan Ketapang, Banyuwangi, di Jawa Timur.","translated_text":"The Trans-Jawa Highway runs between Merak Port, Cilegon, in Banten Province to Ketapang Port, Banyuwangi, in East Java.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Jaringan jalan tol ini menghubungkan dua kota terbesar di Indonesia, Jakarta dan Surabaya melalui jalan tol.","translated_text":"The highway network connects the two largest cities in Indonesia, Jakarta and Surabaya by road.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Jaringan tol yang membentang sepanjang ±1.167 km ini termasuk dalam Asian Highway 2 (AH2) atau Jaringan Jalan Asia yang menghubungkan Benua Asia dari Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia hingga Khosravi, Iran.","translated_text":"The road network spans a length of ±1.167 km and is part of the Asian Highway 2 (AH2) or Asian Road Network which connects the Asian continent from Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia to Khosravi, Iran.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pada tanggal 20 Desember 2018, Jakarta hingga Surabaya telah resmi tersambung dengan jalan tol ini.","translated_text":"On 20 December 2018, Jakarta to Surabaya was officially connected to this highway.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[{"content":"[https://www.liputan6.com/bisnis/read/3852889/jokowi-resmikan-tol-trans-jawa-hari-ini Jokowi resmikan tol trans Jawa hari ini]","char_index":98,"name":null,"url":"https://www.liputan6.com/bisnis/read/3852889/jokowi-resmikan-tol-trans-jawa-hari-ini","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html; charset=UTF-8","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":307377,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:26:20.789448-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":4,"source_quality_raw_score":0.79150390625}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Peta","translated_text":"The map","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Berikut ini adalah peta Jalan Tol Trans-Jawa (diperbarui Agustus 2020).","translated_text":"The following is a map of Trans-Jawa Highway (updated August 2020).","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Ruas utama","translated_text":"The main space","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Berikut ini adalah tabel ruas utama Jalan Tol Trans-Jawa yang menghubungkan Merak dengan Banyuwangi","translated_text":"Below is the main section table of the Trans-Jawa Highway connecting Merak with Banyuwangi","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"[http://bpjt.pu.go.id/ Situs web resmi Badan Pengatur Jalan Tol]","char_index":99,"name":null,"url":"http://bpjt.pu.go.id/","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:26:22.781364-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"table","content":"{| class=\"wikitable mw-collapsible\"\n|+Tabel Ruas Utama Jalan Tol Trans-Jawa\n! colspan=\"6\" |\n=== Koridor Merak-Tangerang-Jakarta ===\n|-\n! Nama ruas \n!Disingkat!! Pengelola/BUJT !! Panjang Ruas (km) !! Diresmikan pada !! Keterangan/Deskripsi\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Tangerang–Merak|Jalan Tol Tangerang-Merak]]\n|Tamer||[[Marga Mandalasakti|PT Marga Mandalasakti]]\n| 72,45 || rowspan=\"2\" | 1984 ||Ujung paling barat Trans-Jawa yang merupakan akses menuju [[Pelabuhan Merak]].\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Jakarta–Tangerang|Jalan Tol Jakarta-Tangerang]]\n|Janger\n|[[Jasa Marga|PT Jasa Marga (Persero) Tbk.]] \n|27\n|\n|-\n! colspan=\"6\" |\n=== Koridor Jakarta ===\n|-\n! colspan=\"6\" |\n==== Subkoridor [[Jalan Tol Lingkar Dalam Jakarta|Lingkar Dalam Jakarta (JIRR)]] ====\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Pelabuhan]]\n(Pluit-Tanjung Priok)\n|JIRR, HBR I\n| rowspan=\"2\" |[[Citra Marga Nusaphala Persada|PT Citra Marga Nusaphala Persada Tbk.]]\n|13\n|1992\n|Merupakan akses menuju [[Pelabuhan Tanjung Priok]].\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Ir. Wiyoto Wiyono]]\n(Tanjung Priok-Cawang)\n| rowspan=\"2\" |JIRR\n|15\n|1990\n|Merupakan jalan tol layang pertama di Indonesia yang pembangunannya menggunakan teknik [[Sosrobahu]].\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Cawang–Pluit|Jalan Tol Cawang-Pluit]]\n|[[Jasa Marga|PT Jasa Marga (Persero) Tbk.]]\n|21\n|1996\n|Ruas utama yang menghubungkan [[Jalan Tol Jakarta–Tangerang|Tol Jalarta-Tangerang]] dengan [[Jalan Tol Jakarta–Cikampek|Tol Jakarta-Cikampek]].\n|-\n! colspan=\"6\" |\n==== Subkoridor [[Jalan Tol Layang Dalam Kota Jakarta|Lingkar Dalam Jakarta 2/Layang Dalam Kota Jakarta (JIRR 2)]] ====\n|-\n|Jalan Tol Semanan-Sunter\n|JIRR 2 Seksi 1A\n| rowspan=\"6\" |PT Jakarta Tollroad Development\n|20,23\n|\n|\n|-\n|Jalan Tol Sunter-Pulogebang\n|JIRR 2 Seksi 1B\n|9,44\n|Juli 2021\n|\n|-\n|Jalan Tol Duri Pulo-Kampung Melayu\n|JIRR 2 Seksi 2A\n|12,65\n|\n|\n|-\n|Jalan Tol Kampung Melayu-Kemayoran\n|JIRR 2 Seksi 2B\n|9,60\n|\n|\n|-\n|Jalan Tol Ulujami-Tanah Abang\n|JIRR 2 Seksi 3\n|8,70\n|\n|\n|-\n|Jalan Tol Pasar Minggu-Casablanca\n|JIRR 2 Seksi 4\n|9,15\n|\n|\n|-\n! colspan=\"6\" |\n==== Subkoridor [[Jalan Tol Lingkar Luar Jakarta|Lingkar Luar Jakarta (JORR)]] ====\n|-\n|Jalan Tol Penjaringan-Kembangan\n|[[Jalan Tol Lingkar Luar Jakarta W1|JORR W1]]\n|PT Jakarta Lingkar Barat Satu\n|8,65\n|2010\n|\n|-\n|Jalan Tol Kembangan-Ulujami)\n| rowspan=\"2\" |[[Jalan Tol Lingkar Luar Jakarta W2|JORR W2]]\n|PT Marga Lingkar Jakarta\n|7,87\n|2014\n|\n|-\n|Jalan Tol Ulujami-Pondok Pinang\n|PT Jalantol Lingkarluar Jakarta\n|3,56\n|2004\n|\n|-\n|Jalan Tol Pondok Pinang-TMII\n|[[Jalan Tol Lingkar Luar Jakarta S|JORR S]]\n|\n* PT Jalantol Lingkarluar Jakarta (1993-2016)\n* PT Hutama Karya (2016-sekarang){{Cite news|title=Pengelolaan Jalan Tol Pondok Pinang-Jagorawi JORR S Kini Dipegang Hutama Karya|url=https://nasional.kompas.com/read/2016/03/16/15063331/Pengelolaan.Jalan.Tol.Pondok.Pinang-Jagorawi.JORR.S.Kini.Dipegang.Hutama.Karya|work=[[Kompas.com]]|language=id|access-date=2019-10-13|editor-last=Asril|editor-first=Sabrina|first=Ambaranie Nadia Kemala|last=Movanita}}\n|12,90\n|1995\n|Merupakan akses menuju [[Taman Mini Indonesia Indah]].\n|-\n|Jalan Tol TMII-Cikunir\n| rowspan=\"3\" |[[Jalan Tol Lingkar Luar Jakarta E|JORR E]]\n| rowspan=\"3\" |PT Jalantol Lingkarluar Jakarta\n|12,40\n|2007\n|\n|-\n|Jalan Tol Cikunir-Cakung\n|9,07\n|1990\n|\n|-\n|Jalan Tol Cakung-Cilincing\n|4,80\n|2007\n|\n|-\n! colspan=\"6\" |\n==== Subkoridor [[Jalan Tol Lingkar Luar Jakarta 2|Lingkar Luar Jakarta 2 (JORR 2)]] ====\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Cengkareng–Batuceper–Kunciran|Jalan Tol Cengkareng-Batuceper-Kunciran]]\n|CBK\n|PT Jasa Marga Kunciran Cengkareng\n|15,20\n|April 2021\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Kunciran–Serpong|Jalan Tol Kunciran-Serpong]]\n|Kunser\n|PT Marga Trans Nusantara\n|11,20\n|Desember 2019\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Serpong–Cinere|Jalan Tol Serpong-Cinere]]\n|Sercin\n|PT Cinere Serpong Jaya\n|10,10\n|\n* 2021 (Serpong-Pamulang)\n* 2024 (Beroperasi Penuh)\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Cinere–Jagorawi|Jalan Tol Cinere-Cimanggis]]\n|Cijago\n|PT Translingkar Kita Jaya\n|14,60\n|\n* 2012 (Cisalak-Jagorawi)\n* 2019 (Cisalak-Kukusan)\n*2022 (Kukusan-Krukut)\n*2024 (Beroperasi Penuh)\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Cimanggis–Cibitung|Jalan Tol Cimanggis-Cibitung]]\n|Cimaci\n|PT Cimanggis-Cibitung Tollways\n|25,40\n|\n* 2020 (Cimanggis-Jatikarya)\n* 2023 (Jatikarya-Nagrak)\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Cibitung-Cilincing]]\n|Cibicil\n|PT MTD CTP Expressway\n|33,90\n|\n* 2021 (Cibitung-Telaga Asih)\n* 2022 (Telaga Asih-Tarumajaya)\n* 2023 (Beroperasi penuh) \n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Akses Tanjung Priok]]\n|\n|PT Hutama Karya\n|11,40\n|2017\n|Menyediakan akses langsung menuju [[Pelabuhan Tanjung Priok]].\n|-\n! colspan=\"6\" |\n=== Koridor Jakarta-Cirebon-Semarang ===\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Jakarta–Cikampek|Jalan Tol Jakarta-Cikampek]]\n|Japek\n|[[Jasa Marga|PT Jasa Marga (Persero) Tbk.]]\n|73\n|1988\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Cikopo–Palimanan|Jalan Tol Cikopo-Palimanan]]\n|Cipali\n|PT Lintas Marga Sedaya\n|116\n|2015\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Palimanan–Kanci|Jalan Tol Palimanan-Kanci]]\n|Palikanci\n|[[Jasa Marga|PT Jasa Marga (Persero) Tbk.]]\n|26\n|1998\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Kanci–Pejagan|Jalan Tol Kanci-Pejagan]]\n|Cijagan\n|PT Semesta Marga Raya\n|35\n|2010\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Pejagan–Pemalang|Jalan Tol Pejagan-Pemalang]]\n|Pejalang\n|PT Pejagan-Pemalang Toll Road\n|57\n|\n* 2016 (Pejagan-Brebes Timur)\n* 2018 (Beroperasi penuh)\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Pemalang–Batang|Jalan Tol Pemalang-Batang]]\n|Pematang\n|PT Pemalang-Batang Toll Road\n|39\n|\n* November 2018 (Sewaka-Pemalang)\n* Desember 2018 (Beroperasi penuh)\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Semarang–Batang|Jalan Tol Semarang-Batang]]\n|Semartang, Batarang\n|PT Jasa Marga Semarang-Batang\n|75\n|Desember 2018\n|\n|-\n! colspan=\"6\" |\n=== Koridor Semarang-Surakarta-Surabaya ===\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Semarang]]\n|Semarang ABC\n|[[Jasa Marga|PT Jasa Marga (Persero) Tbk.]]\n|24,75\n|1983\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Semarang–Solo|Jalan Tol Semarang-Solo]]\n|Somar\n|PT Trans Marga Jateng\n|72,64\n|\n* 2011 (Semarang-Ungaran)\n* 2014 (Ungaran-Bawen)\n* 2017 (Bawen-Salatiga)\n* 2018 (Beroperasi penuh)\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Solo–Ngawi|Jalan Tol Solo-Ngawi]]\n|Sowi, Soker\n|PT Jasa Marga Solo-Ngawi\n|90\n|\n* Maret 2018 (Ngawi-Klitik)\n* Juli 2018 (Kartasura-Solo-Sragen)\n* November 2018 (Beroperasi penuh)\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Ngawi–Kertosono|Jalan Tol Ngawi-Kertosono]]\n|Wiker, Soker\n|PT Jasa Marga Ngawi-Kertosono-Kediri\n|87,02\n|\n* Maret 2018 (Klitik-Madiun-Wilangan)\n* Desember 2018 (Beroperasi penuh)\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Kertosono–Mojokerto|Jalan Tol Kertosono-Mojokerto]]\n|Moker\n|PT Marga Harjaya Infrastruktur\n|40,50\n|\n* 2014 (Bandar-Jombang)\n* 2016 (Mojokerto Barat-Mojokerto Timur)\n* 2017 (Jombang-Mojokerto Barat)\n* 2018 (Beroperasi penuh)\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Surabaya–Mojokerto|Jalan Tol Surabaya-Mojokerto]]\n|Sumo\n|PT Jasa Marga Surabaya-Mojokerto\n|36,27\n|\n* 2011 (Waru-Sepanjang)\n* 2016 (Mojokerto Timur-Krian)\n* 2017 (Beroperasi penuh)\n|\n|-\n! colspan=\"6\" |\n=== Koridor Surabaya-Gempol-Banyuwangi ===\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Surabaya–Gempol|Jalan Tol Surabaya-Gempol]]\n|Surgem\n|[[Jasa Marga|PT Jasa Marga (Persero) Tbk.]]\n|45\n|\n* 1986\n\n'''Relokasi seksi Porong-Gempol:'''\n\n* 2015 (Kejapanan-Gempol)\n* 2018 (Beroperasi penuh)\n|\n* Merupakan akses menuju [[Pelabuhan Tanjung Perak]].\n* Pada tahun 2006, seksi Porong-Gempol tenggelam akibat bencana [[Banjir lumpur panas Sidoarjo|Lumpur Lapindo]].\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Gempol–Pasuruan|Jalan Tol Gempol-Pasuruan]]\n|Gempas\n|PT Jasa Marga Gempol-Pasuruan\n|34,15\n|\n* Agustus 2017 (Gempol-Rembang)\n* Juni 2018 (Rembang-Pasuruan)\n* Desember 2018 (Beroperasi penuh)\n|Menyediakan akses langsung menuju Kawasan Industri Rembang Pasuruan (''Pasuruan Industrial Estate Rembang''/PIER).\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Pasuruan–Probolinggo|Jalan Tol Pasuruan-Probolinggo]]\n|Paspro\n|PT Trans Jawa Paspro Jalan Tol\n|40\n|\n* April 2019 (Grati-Probolinggo Timur)\n* Agustus 2023 (Beroperasi Penuh)\n|Menyediakan akses menuju kawasan [[Taman Nasional Bromo Tengger Semeru]] via Probolinggo. \n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Probolinggo–Banyuwangi|Jalan Tol Probolinggo-Banyuwangi]]\n|Probowangi\n|PT Jasa Marga Probolinggo-Banyuwangi\n|164\n|\n|ujung paling timur Trans-Jawa yang merupakan akses menuju [[Pelabuhan Ketapang]].\n|}"},{"type":"heading","text":"Ruas pendukung","translated_text":"Support room","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Seiring perkembangan zaman, laju pertumbuhan ekonomi dan pembangunan infrastruktur di beberapa daerah di Pulau Jawa meningkat pesat.","translated_text":"As time progresses, the rate of economic growth and infrastructure development in some areas of Java Island increases rapidly.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Hal itulah yang mendorong pemerintah, investor, kontraktor, dan masyarakat berinisiatif untuk membangun beberapa ruas jalan tol pendukung sebagai akses menuju beberapa daerah yang tidak dilewati ruas utama Jalan Tol Trans-Jawa.","translated_text":"That's what prompted governments, investors, contractors, and the community to take initiatives to build some of the supporting highway sections as access to some of the areas not covered by the main section of the Trans-Jawa Highway.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Berikut ini adalah tabel ruas pendukung Jalan Tol Trans-Jawa.","translated_text":"The following is a table of the supporting sections of the Trans-Jawa Highway.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{cite web|url=https://kppip.go.id/proyek-strategis-nasional/|title=Proyek Strategis Nasional|location=Jakarta|publisher=Komite Percepatan Penyediaan Infrastruktur Prioritas}}","char_index":61,"name":null,"url":"https://kppip.go.id/proyek-strategis-nasional/","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:26:32.808866-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"table","content":"{| class=\"wikitable mw-collapsible\"\n|+Tabel Ruas Pendukung Jalan Tol Trans-Jawa\n! colspan=\"6\" |\n=== Koridor utara Jawa ===\n|-\n! Nama ruas \n!Disingkat!! Pengelola !! Panjang Ruas (km) !! Diresmikan pada !! Keterangan/Deskripsi\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Semanan–Balaraja|Jalan Tol Semanan-Balaraja]]\n|Semaraja\n|[[Djarum|PT Djarum]]\n|21,00\n|\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Kamal-Teluk Naga-Rajeg]]\n|Kataraja\n|[[Gudang Garam|PT Gudang Garam Tbk.]]\n|35,60\n|\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Pakuhaji–Sepatan Timur|Jalan Tol Pakuhaji-Sepatan Timur]]\n|Pakutan\n|[[Wismilak Group|PT Gelora Djaja]]\n|11,50\n|\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Prof. Dr. Sedyatmo]]\n|Tol Bandara Soetta\n|[[Jasa Marga|PT Jasa Marga (Persero) Tbk.]]\n|12\n|1985\n|Menyediakan akses langsung menuju [[Bandar Udara Internasional Soekarno–Hatta|Bandara Internasional Soekarno-Hatta]].\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Pelabuhan II|Jalan Tol Pelabuhan 2]] (Ancol Timur–Pluit)\n|HBR II\n|[[Citra Marga Nusaphala Persada|PT Citra Marga Nusaphala Persada Tbk]]\n|9,60\n|\n|Dibangun dengan struktur bertingkat di atas [[Jalan Tol Pelabuhan]]{{Cite news|last=Indraini|first=Anisa|date=2021-08-17|title=Pengeboran Pertama Dimulai, Tol Bertingkat Harbour Road II RI Kelar 2024|url=https://finance.detik.com/infrastruktur/d-5685823/pengeboran-pertama-dimulai-tol-bertingkat-harbour-road-ii-ri-kelar-2024|work=[[Detik.com|Detik]]|location=[[Jakarta]]|publisher=[[Trans Media]]|access-date=2022-08-31}}.\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Bekasi–Cawang–Kampung Melayu|Jalan Tol Bekasi-Cawang-Kampung Melayu]]\n|Becakayu\n|PT Kresna Kusuma Dyandra Marga\n|21,04\n|\n* November 2017 (Cipinang Melayu-Jakasampurna)\n*Maret 2021 (Casablanca-Cipinang Melayu)\n*Maret 2023 (Jakasampurna-Kayuringin)\n|Dibangun dengan struktur bertingkat di atas [[Saluran Kalimalang]].\n|-\n|[[Jalan Layang Sheikh Mohammed bin Zayed]]\n|Layang MBZ\n|PT Jasa Marga Jalan Layang Cikampek\n|36,84\n|Desember 2019{{Cite news|url=https://finance.detik.com/infrastruktur/d-4820003/sah-jokowi-resmikan-tol-layang-terpanjang-ri-di-tanggal-cantik|title=Sah! Jokowi Resmikan Tol Layang Terpanjang RI di Tanggal Cantik|last=Indraini|first=Anisa|date=|work=[[Detik.com|detikcom]]|access-date=2020-01-18}}\n|Merupakan jalan tol layang terpanjang di Indonesia.\nSebelumnya resmi dikenal sebagai Jalan Tol Layang Jakarta–Cikampek atau disebut ''Jakarta-Cikampek Elevated''.\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Akses Patimban]]\n|\n|PT Jasa Marga Akses Patimban\n|37\n|\n|Menyediakan akses langsung menuju [[Pelabuhan Patimban]].\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Semarang-Demak]]\n|Semarak||PT PP Semarang Demak\n| 24,75 || Februari 2023 (Sayung-Demak){{Cite web|last=Firmansyah|first=M Julnis|date=2023-02-25|editor-last=Febriyan|title=Resmikan Tol Semarang-Demak, Jokowi Ingatkan Soal Kecepatan Distribusi Barang|url=https://nasional.tempo.co/read/1695832/resmikan-tol-semarang-demak-jokowi-ingatkan-soal-kecepatan-distribusi-barang|website=Tempo.co|access-date=2023-02-25}}|| dibangun di pinggir pantai sebagai tanggul laut penahan banjir robhttp://properti.kompas.com/read/2017/12/15/120016221/zona-lokasi-tol-semarang-demak-tuntas-dikerjakan yang menggunakan teknologi matras dari bambu setebal 17 lapis.{{Cite news|last=Bahfein|first=Suhaiela|date=2021-09-20|editor-last=Alexander|editor-first=Hilda|title=Tersambung Tanggul Laut, Tol Semarang-Demak Diperkuat Matras Bambu 17 Lapis|url=https://www.kompas.com/properti/read/2021/09/20/200000421/tersambung-tanggul-laut-tol-semarang-demak-diperkuat-matras-bambu-17|newspaper=[[Kompas (surat kabar)|Kompas]]|location=[[Jakarta]]|publisher=[[KG Media]]|access-date=2022-08-31}}\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Demak-Tuban]]\n|\n|\n|171,93\n|\n|Akan dibangun pada tahun 2020.{{Cite news|url=https://www.antaranews.com/berita/1077418/proyek-jalan-tol-demak-tuban-siap-lelang-2020|title=Proyek jalan tol Demak - Tuban siap lelang 2020|last=Wiguna|date=2019-09-23|agency=[[LKBN Antara]]|location=[[Jakarta]]|access-date=2019-10-13|first=Dewa Ketut Sudiarta|editor-last=Yunianto|editor-first=Faisal}}\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Tuban–Gresik|Jalan Tol Tuban-Lamongan-Gresik]]\n|\n|PT Gelora Djaja\n|\n|\n|Akan dibangun kawasan industri di daerah [[Manyar, Gresik|Manyar]].{{Cite web|url=https://www.gridoto.com/read/221864421/bukan-hanya-wacana-gresik-hingga-tuban-bakal-terhubung-lewat-jalan-tol|title=Bukan Hanya Wacana, Gresik Hingga Tuban Bakal Terhubung Lewat Jalan Tol - Semua Halaman - GridOto.com|last=GridOto.com|website=www.gridoto.com|language=id|access-date=2019-10-13}}\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Surabaya–Gresik|Jalan Tol Surabaya-Gresik]]\n|Surgres\n|PT Marga Bumi Matraraya\n|20,70\n|1993\n|\n|-\n|[[Jembatan Nasional Suramadu|Jalan Tol Surabaya-Madura]]\n|Suramadu|| [[Jasa Marga|PT Jasa Marga (Persero) Tbk.]]|| 5 || 2009 ||\n* Merupakan jembatan tol antarpulau pertama di Indonesia.\n* Pada Oktober 2018, status jalan sudah diubah menjadi jalan non-tol/jalan raya biasa semenjak tarifnya digratiskan untuk seterusnya.\n|-\n! colspan=\"6\" |\n\n=== Koridor tengah Jawa ===\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Serang-Panimbang]]\n|Serpan\n|PT Wijaya Karya Serang-Panimbang\n|84\n|\n* November 2021 (Serang-Rangkasbitung)\n|terdapat akses menuju Tanjung Lesung dan [[Taman Nasional Ujung Kulon|Ujung Kulon]]. Rencananya akan dibangun pada bulan Januari 2018.http://nasional.republika.co.id/berita/nasional/daerah/17/12/18/p15ke6383-pembangunan-tol-serang-panimbang-dimulai-2018 Pembangunan Tol Serang Panimbang Dimulai 2018.\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Ulujami–Serpong|Jalan Tol Ulujami-Serpong]]\n|Jamirpong\n|\n* PT Jalantol Lingkarluar Jakarta\n* PT Bintaro Serpong Damai\n|12,5\n|\n* 1999 (Serpong-Pondok Aren)\n* 2002 (Pondok Aren-Bintaro)\n* 2005 (Bintaro-Ulujami)\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Serpong-Balaraja]]\n|Serbaraja\n|PT Trans Bumi Serbaraja\n|39\n|\n* Agustus 2022 (Serpong-BSD)\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Bogor-Parung-Serpong]]\n|Rumpin\n|\n|31,1\n|\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Sentul Selatan-Jonggol-Karawang Barat]]http://simpulkpbu.pu.go.id/project/read/199/jalan-tol-sentul-selatan-karawang-barat\n|\n|\n|61,5\n|\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Jakarta–Cikampek II|Jalan Tol Jakarta–Cikampek 2]] (Jakarta-Sadang)\n|Japek 2\n|PT Jasa Marga Japek Selatan\n|62\n|\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Depok–Antasari|Jalan Tol Depok-Antasari]]\n|Desari\n|PT Citra Waspphutowa\n|22,80\n|\n* September 2018 (Antasari-Brigif)\n* Juli 2020 (Brigif-Sawangan){{Cite news|last=Anwar|first=Muhammad Choirul|date=2020-07-03|title=Pengumuman! Tol Sawangan Dibuka Hari Ini, Gratis|url=https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/market/20200703122458-17-169978/pengumuman-tol-sawangan-dibuka-hari-ini-gratis|work=[[CNBC Indonesia]]|location=[[Jakarta]]|publisher=[[Trans Media]]|access-date=2020-08-10}}\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Jakarta–Bogor–Ciawi|Jalan Tol Jakarta-Bogor-Ciawi]]\n|Jagorawi\n|[[Jasa Marga|PT Jasa Marga (Persero) Tbk.]]\n|46\n|Maret 1978\n|Jalan tol pertama yang dibangun di Indonesia\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Lingkar Luar Bogor]]\n|BORR\n|PT Marga Sarana Jabar\n|13,05\n|\n* 2009 (Sentul Selatan-Kedunghalang)\n* 2014 (Kedunghalang-Kedungbadak)\n* Juni 2018 (Kedungbadak-Simpang Yasmin)\n*Januari 2021 (Simpang Yasmin-Kayu Manis){{Cite news|last=Ali|first=Rasyid|date=2021-01-20|title=Tol Bogor Outer Ring Road Seksi III A Dibuka, Tarif Naik Rp4 Ribu|url=https://www.merdeka.com/uang/tol-bogor-outer-ring-road-seksi-iii-a-dibuka-tarif-naik-rp4-ribu.html|work=[[Merdeka.com|Merdeka]]|location=[[Jakarta]]|publisher=[[Surya Citra Media]]|access-date=2021-09-24|language=id|editor-last=Billiocta|editor-first=Ya'cob}}\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Bogor-Ciawi-Sukabumi]]\n|Bocimi\n|PT Trans Jabar Tol\n|53\n|\n* Desember 2018 (Ciawi-Cigombong)\n* Agustus 2023 (Cigombong-Parungkuda)\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Sukabumi–Ciranjang–Padalarang|Jalan Tol Sukabumi-Cianjur-Padalarang]]{{Cite news|last=Awaludin|first=Yosef|title=Pengoperasian Penuh Tol Bocimi Tunggu Evaluasi Tol Sukabumi-Ciranjang|url=http://www.radarbogor.id/2019/01/09/pengoperasian-penuh-tol-bocimi-tunggu-evaluasi-tol-sukabumi-ciranjang/|newspaper=Radar Bogor|location=[[Bogor]]|publisher=[[Jawa Pos Group]]|language=id-ID|access-date=2019-10-13}}\n|\n|\n|115\n|\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Cikampek–Purwakarta–Padalarang|Jalan Tol Cikampek-Purwakarta-Padalarang]]\n|Cipularang\n| rowspan=\"2\" |[[Jasa Marga|PT Jasa Marga (Persero) Tbk.]]\n|52\n|\n* Agustus 2003 (Cikampek-Sadang)\n* September 2003 (Padalarang-Cikamuning)\n* April 2005 (Beroperasi Penuh)\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Padalarang–Cileunyi|Jalan Tol Padalarang-Cileunyi]]\n|Padaleunyi\n|33\n|1991\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Dalam Kota Bandung]]\n|BIUTR, BIRR\n|PT Margautama Nusantara\n|27\n|\n|akan dibangun pada tahun 2018.https://finance.detik.com/berita-ekonomi-bisnis/3410408/tol-dalam-kota-bandung-mulai-konstruksi-di-2018\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Soreang–Pasirkoja|Jalan Tol Soreang-Pasirkoja]]\n|Soroja\n|PT Citra Marga Lintas Jabar\n|15\n|2017\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Cileunyi-Sumedang-Dawuan]]\n|Cisumdawu\n|PT. Citra Karya Jabar Tol\n|62,60\n|\n* Januari 2022 (Cileunyi - Pamulihan)\n* Desember 2022 (Pamulihan - Cimalaka)\n* Juli 2023 (Beroperasi Penuh) \n|\n* Jalan tol yang menembus bukit pertama di Indonesia \n* Merupakan akses menuju [[Bandar Udara Internasional Kertajati|Bandara Internasional Jawa Barat]].{{cite news|url=http://bisnis.liputan6.com/read/3097160/pertama-kali-ri-bakal-punya-jalan-tol-dengan-terowongan|title=Pertama Kali, RI Bakal Punya Jalan Tol dengan Terowongan|last=Istianur Praditya|first=Ilyas|work=[[Liputan6]]|location=[[Jakarta]]|publisher=[[Surya Citra Media]]|date=16 September 2017}}\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Tegal-Cilacap|Jalan Tol Pejagan-Cilacap]] {{Cite press release|title=TOL PENGHUBUNG PANTURA & PANSELA JAWA AKAN LEWATI BANYUMAS|url=https://bappeda.jatengprov.go.id/tol-penghubung-pantura-pansela-jawa-akan-lewati-banyumas/|publisher=BAPPEDA Provinsi Jawa Tengah|location=[[Semarang]]|language=id-ID|access-date=2022-09-28}}\n|\n|\n|\n|\n|Jalan tol penghubung antar jalur Pantura (Brebes) - Pansela (Cilacap) melalui wilayah kabupaten Banyumas (BarlingmasCakeb), Perpres No. 79 tahun 2019.{{Cite web|title=PERPRES No. 79 Tahun 2019 tentang Percepatan Pembangunan Ekonomi Kawasan Kendal - Semarang - Salatiga - Demak - Grobongan, Kawasan Purworejo - Wonosobo - Magelang - Temanggung, dan Kawasan Brebes - Tegal - Pemalang [JDIH BPK RI]|url=https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Home/Details/126139/perpres-no-79-tahun-2019|website=peraturan.bpk.go.id|access-date=2022-09-28}}\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Yogyakarta-Magelang-Bawen]]\n|Yogelawen\n|PT Jasa Marga Jogja Bawen\n|75,82\n|\n|akan tersambung dengan [[Jalan Tol Semarang-Solo]].{{Cite web|title=Salinan arsip|url=http://www.jogja.co/berita-jogja-pemerintah-kebut-proyek-tol-bawen-yogyakarta/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171226021019/http://www.jogja.co/berita-jogja-pemerintah-kebut-proyek-tol-bawen-yogyakarta/|archive-date=2017-12-26|dead-url=yes|access-date=2017-12-25}}\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Ngawi-Bojonegoro-Tuban]]\n|Ngaroban\n|\n|116,78[https://dinkominfo.bojonegorokab.go.id/berita/baca/1010 \"Proses Pembangunan Tol Ruas Ngawi - Bojonegoro - Tuban (Ngaroban) Masuki Tahap Konsultasi Publik\"]. ''Dinas Komunikasi dan Informatika Kabupaten Bojonegoro''. 15 Februari 2022\n|\n|akan dibangun pada tahun 2023.{{cite press release|url=http://kominfo.jatimprov.go.id/read/umum/dlh-kab-bojonegoro-gelar-kosultasi-publik-pembangunan-jalan-tol-ngaroban|title=DLH Kab Bojonegoro Gelar Kosultasi Publik Pembangunan Jalan Tol Ngaroban|publisher=Dinas Komunikasi dan Informatika Provinsi Jawa Timur|location=Surabaya|date=15 Februari 2022}}\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Kertosono–Kediri|Jalan Tol Kertosono-Kediri]]\n|\n|PT Jasa Marga Ngawi Kertosono Kediri\n|24{{Cite news|title=BPJT Kaji Ruas Kediri–Tulungagung|last=Petriella|first=Yanita|url=https://surabaya.bisnis.com/read/20180621/437/807856/jalan-tol-bpjt-kaji-ruas-kediritulungagung|newspaper=[[Bisnis Indonesia]]|location=[[Surabaya]]|access-date=2019-10-13}}\n|\n|akan dibangun [[Bandar Udara Kediri|bandara]] di [[Kota Kediri|Kediri]].{{Cite news|title=Rencana Pemkot Kediri Menyongsong Jalan Tol dan Bandara Baru|url=https://suryamalang.tribunnews.com/2019/01/10/rencana-pemkot-kediri-menyongsong-jalan-tol-dan-bandara-baru|last=Mashudi|first=Didik|newspaper=[[Surya (surat kabar)|Surya]]|publisher=[[KG Media]]|location=[[Malang]]|language=id|access-date=2019-10-13|last=Mashudi|first=Didik}}\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Kediri–Tulungagung|Jalan Tol Kediri-Tulungagung]]\n|\n|[[Gudang Garam|PT Gudang Garam Tbk]]\n|37,5\n|\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Krian-Legundi-Bunder-Manyar]]\n|KLBM\n|PT Waskita Bumi Wira\n|38https://finance.detik.com/berita-ekonomi-bisnis/3368828/ditarget-rampung-2019-ini-manfaat-jalan-tol-krian-manyar\n|\n* November 2020 (Krian-Legundi-Bunder){{Cite web|title=Khofifah Resmikan Operasional Tol Krian Legundi Bunder Manyar, Solusi Koneksi Antar Sentra Industri|url=https://ngabarin.id/detail/26759/khofifah-resmikan-operasional-tol-krian-legundi-bunder-manyar-solusi-koneksi-antar-sentra-industri|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201210193028/https://ngabarin.id/detail/26759/khofifah-resmikan-operasional-tol-krian-legundi-bunder-manyar-solusi-koneksi-antar-sentra-industri|archive-date=2020-12-10|dead-url=yes|access-date=2020-11-30}}\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Waru-Juanda]]\n|Warunda\n|PT Citra Margatama Surabaya\n|20\n|2007\n|Menyediakan akses langsung menuju [[Bandar Udara Internasional Juanda|Bandara Internasional Juanda]].\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Gempol-Pandaan]]\n|Gempan\n|PT Jasamarga Pandaan Tol\n|13,61\n|2015http://economy.okezone.com/read/2015/06/12/320/1164279/hari-ini-presiden-jokowi-resmikan-tol-gempol-pandaan\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Pandaan-Malang]]\n|Mapan\n|PT Jasa Marga Pandaan-Malang\n|38\n|\n* Mei 2019 (Pandaan-Singosari)https://finance.detik.com/berita-ekonomi-bisnis/d-3446935/lahan-baru-bebas-67-jokowi-minta-tol-pandaan-malang-dipercepat\n* November 2019 (Singosari-Pakis)[https://news.detik.com/berita-jawa-timur/d-4767941/hari-ini-tol-seksi-4-singosari-pakis-malang-digratiskan Hari Ini Tol Seksi 4 Singosari-Pakis Malang Digratiskan]\n* April 2020 (Beroperasi penuh){{Cite news|last=Ibrahim|date=2020-04-06|title=Jalan Tol Pandaan-Malang segmen Pakis-Malang beroperasi|url=https://www.antaranews.com/berita/1406746/jalan-tol-pandaan-malang-segmen-pakis-malang-beroperasi|agency=[[LKBN Antara]]|location=[[Surabaya]]|access-date=2020-04-06|first=A Malik|editor-last=Buchori|editor-first=Ahmad}}[https://surabaya.liputan6.com/read/4221122/ruas-tol-pandaan-beroperasi-penuh-percepat-perjalanan-surabaya-malang Ruas Tol Pandaan Beroperasi Penuh, Percepat Perjalanan Surabaya-Malang]\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Malang-Kepanjen]]{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Dua Jalan Tol Baru di Jawa Timur Ditarget Rampung Tahun 2020, Ruas Trenggalek-Banyuwangi Siap Dikerjakan|url=https://www.gridoto.com/read/221974462/dua-jalan-tol-baru-di-jawa-timur-ditarget-rampung-tahun-2020-ruas-trenggalek-banyuwangi-siap-dikerjakan?page=all|website=|access-date=2020-01-18}}\n|\n|\n|29,79\n|\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Singosari–Batu–Kediri|Jalan Tol Malang-Batu-Kediri]]\n|\n|\n|110{{Cite news|last=JawaPos.com|date=2019-03-26|title=Pemprov Berharap Tol Subakri dan Probolajang Terealisasi Tahun Ini|url=https://radarsurabaya.jawapos.com/read/2019/03/26/127576/pemprov-berharap-tol-subakri-dan-probolajang-terealisasi-tahun-ini|work=[[Jawa Pos|JawaPos.com]]|language=id|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190401133544/https://radarsurabaya.jawapos.com/read/2019/03/26/127576/pemprov-berharap-tol-subakri-dan-probolajang-terealisasi-tahun-ini|archive-date=2019-04-01|dead-url=yes|access-date=2019-10-13}}\n|\n|\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Probolinggo–Lumajang|Jalan Tol Probolinggo-Lumajang]]\n|Prolajang\n|PT Surya Majapahit Marga Wisata\n|32\n|\n|\n|-\n! colspan=\"6\" |\n=== Koridor selatan Jawa ===\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Gedebage–Tasikmalaya–Cilacap|Jalan Tol Gedebage-Tasikmalaya-Cilacap]]\n|Getaci\n|PT Jasa Marga Gedebage Cilacap\n|206,65\n|\n|Tahap 1 mulai dibangun pada akhir tahun 2022.{{Cite news|date=2022-01-31|title=Pembangunan Jalan Tol Gedebage-Tasikmalaya-Cilacap, Kandidat Tol Terpanjang di Indonesia, Dimulai Akhir 2022|url=https://money.kompas.com/read/2022/01/31/125807426/pembangunan-jalan-tol-gedebage-tasikmalaya-cilacap-kandidat-tol-terpanjang-di|newspaper=[[Kompas (surat kabar)|Kompas]]|location=[[Jakarta]]|publisher=[[KG Media]]|language=id|access-date=2022-01-31|editor-last=Ika|editor-first=Aprillia|first=Ade Miranti|last=Karunia}}\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Cilacap–Yogyakarta|Jalan Tol Cilacap-Yogyakarta]]\n|\n|\n|121,75\n|\n|Merupakan akses menuju [[Bandar Udara Internasional Yogyakarta|Yogyakarta International Airport]].{{Cite news|title=Salinan arsip|url=http://semarang.bisnis.com/read/20170813/13/95847/menteri-basuki-pastikan-rencana-pembangunan-tol-cilacap-yogyakarta|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171226020927/http://semarang.bisnis.com/read/20170813/13/95847/menteri-basuki-pastikan-rencana-pembangunan-tol-cilacap-yogyakarta|archive-date=2017-12-26|dead-url=yes|access-date=2017-12-25|work=[[Bisnis Indonesia|Bisnis.com]]}}\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Solo–Yogyakarta|Jalan Tol Solo-Yogyakarta-YIA Kulon Progo]]\n|Joglo\n|PT Jasa Marga Jogja Solo\n|96,57\n|\n|rencana ruas tol menuju [[Kota Yogyakarta]] akan dibangun melayang di atas [[Saluran Mataram]] dan Jalan Ring Road Utara.{{cite news|url=http://bisnis.liputan6.com/read/2876735/lelang-tahun-ini-jalan-tol-yogya-solo-dibangun-melayang|title=Lelang Tahun ini, Jalan Tol Yogya-Solo Dibangun Melayang|last=Ariyanti|first=Fiki|work=[[Liputan6]]|publisher=[[Surya Citra Media]]|location=[[Yogyakarta]]|date=6 Maret 2017}}\n|-\n|[[Jalan Tol Trenggalek-Banyuwangi]]\n|\n|\n|\n|\n|\n|}"},{"type":"heading","text":"Dampak","translated_text":"Effects","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Selesainya Jalan Tol Trans-Jawa dari Jakarta ke Surabaya pada tahun 2018 menyebabkan peningkatan layanan bus antarkota di Indonesia.","translated_text":"The completion of the Trans-Jawa Highway from Jakarta to Surabaya in 2018 led to an increase in intercity bus services in Indonesia.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pada masa ini, beberapa perusahaan bus antarkota mulai mengoperasikan armada bus tingkat.","translated_text":"At this time, several intercity bus companies began operating a fleet of level buses.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[{"content":"{{Cite news|date=2020-10-13|title=Ini Daftar Bus AKAP Double Decker via Tol Trans Jawa |url=https://otomotif.kompas.com/read/2020/10/13/172500415/ini-daftar-bus-akap-double-decker-via-tol-trans-jawa|access-date=2021-07-15|work=[[Kompas.com]]|language=id|editor-last=Ferdian|editor-first=Azwar|first=Muhammad Fathan|last=Radityasani}}","char_index":89,"name":null,"url":"https://otomotif.kompas.com/read/2020/10/13/172500415/ini-daftar-bus-akap-double-decker-via-tol-trans-jawa","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":919,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:26:43.107593-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":"Text is too short (75 words)","source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Galeri","translated_text":"Gallery","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"heading","text":"Lihat pula","translated_text":"Look at that.","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Daftar jalan tol di Indonesia Jalan Tol Trans-Sumatra Jalan Tol Trans-Kalimantan Jalan Tol Trans-Sulawesi","translated_text":"List of highways in Indonesia Trans-Sumatra Highway Trans-Kalimantan Highway Trans-Sulawesi","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Referensi","translated_text":"References","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kategori","translated_text":"Categories","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":":Jalan tol di Jawa","translated_text":": Highways in Java","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[{"text":"Jaringan jalan tol ini menghubungkan dua kota terbesar di Indonesia, Jakarta dan Surabaya melalui jalan tol. Jaringan tol yang membentang sepanjang ±1.167 km ini termasuk dalam Asian Highway 2 (AH2) atau Jaringan Jalan Asia yang menghubungkan Benua Asia dari Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia hingga Khosravi, Iran. Pada tanggal 20 Desember 2018, Jakarta hingga Surabaya telah resmi tersambung dengan jalan tol ini.","translated_text":"The highway network connects the two largest cities in Indonesia, Jakarta and Surabaya by road. The road network spans a length of ±1.167 km and is part of the Asian Highway 2 (AH2) or Asian Road Network which connects the Asian continent from Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia to Khosravi, Iran. On 20 December 2018, Jakarta to Surabaya was officially connected to this highway.","citations":[{"content":"[https://www.liputan6.com/bisnis/read/3852889/jokowi-resmikan-tol-trans-jawa-hari-ini Jokowi resmikan tol trans Jawa hari ini]","char_index":406,"name":null,"url":"https://www.liputan6.com/bisnis/read/3852889/jokowi-resmikan-tol-trans-jawa-hari-ini","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html; charset=UTF-8","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":307377,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:26:20.789448-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":4,"source_quality_raw_score":0.79150390625}]},{"text":"Berikut ini adalah tabel ruas utama Jalan Tol Trans-Jawa yang menghubungkan Merak dengan Banyuwangi","translated_text":"Below is the main section table of the Trans-Jawa Highway connecting Merak with Banyuwangi","citations":[{"content":"[http://bpjt.pu.go.id/ Situs web resmi Badan Pengatur Jalan Tol]","char_index":99,"name":null,"url":"http://bpjt.pu.go.id/","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:26:22.781364-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Berikut ini adalah tabel ruas pendukung Jalan Tol Trans-Jawa.","translated_text":"The following is a table of the supporting sections of the Trans-Jawa Highway.","citations":[{"content":"{{cite web|url=https://kppip.go.id/proyek-strategis-nasional/|title=Proyek Strategis Nasional|location=Jakarta|publisher=Komite Percepatan Penyediaan Infrastruktur Prioritas}}","char_index":61,"name":null,"url":"https://kppip.go.id/proyek-strategis-nasional/","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:26:32.808866-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Selesainya Jalan Tol Trans-Jawa dari Jakarta ke Surabaya pada tahun 2018 menyebabkan peningkatan layanan bus antarkota di Indonesia. Pada masa ini, beberapa perusahaan bus antarkota mulai mengoperasikan armada bus tingkat.","translated_text":"The completion of the Trans-Jawa Highway from Jakarta to Surabaya in 2018 led to an increase in intercity bus services in Indonesia. At this time, several intercity bus companies began operating a fleet of level buses.","citations":[{"content":"{{Cite news|date=2020-10-13|title=Ini Daftar Bus AKAP Double Decker via Tol Trans Jawa |url=https://otomotif.kompas.com/read/2020/10/13/172500415/ini-daftar-bus-akap-double-decker-via-tol-trans-jawa|access-date=2021-07-15|work=[[Kompas.com]]|language=id|editor-last=Ferdian|editor-first=Azwar|first=Muhammad Fathan|last=Radityasani}}","char_index":222,"name":null,"url":"https://otomotif.kompas.com/read/2020/10/13/172500415/ini-daftar-bus-akap-double-decker-via-tol-trans-jawa","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":919,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:26:43.107593-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":"Text is too short (75 words)","source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]}]} +{"title":"Stadium Australia","wikicode":"#ALIH [[Stadion Australia]]\n{{aden}}","hash":"562494a800f4827ffe3da5cfb24d71316c90de0f2f1cd60684def2ffbd65a72e","last_revision":"2022-12-19T08:48:53Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T09:26:45Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:13.664001","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH Stadion Australia\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH Stadion Australia","translated_text":"OUT of the Australian Stadium","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Arnold Paole","wikicode":"'''Arnold Paole''' (''Arnont Paule'' dalam dokumen asli; terjemahan [[bahasa Jerman]] dari nama Serbianya, kemungkinan Арнаут Павле, ''[[Arnaut]] Pavle''; meninggal 1726) adalah orang [[Serbia]] di [[hajduk]] yang dipercaya berubah menjadi [[vampir]] setelah kematiannya, dan memicu dugaan adanya vampirisme yang membunuh setidaknya 16 orang di tempat asalnya, desa Meduegna (juga disebut Metwett; kemungkinan terjemahan bahasa Jerman dari [[bahasa Serbia]] ''Medveđa''), terletak di [[Morava Besar|sungai Morava]] di dekat kota [[Paraćin]]. Kasusnya, yang mirip dengan kasus [[Peter Plogojowitz]], menjadi populer karena adanya keterlibatan langsung otoritas [[Monarki Habsburg|Austria]] dan didokumentasikan oleh dokter dan pejabat Austria, yang membenarkan adanya vampir. Laporan mereka disebarkan ke seluruh [[Eropa Barat]] dan ikut berperan dalam meningkatkan kepercayaan vampir di antara masyarakat Eropa. Pada masa sekarang dapat dijelaskan bahwa itu terjadi karena miskinnya pemahaman tentang proses [[pembusukan]] [[jenazah|mayat]] pada masa itu.\n\nKasus itu terutama hanya didasarkan pada laporan dua orang dokter militer Austria, Glaser dan Flückinger, yang secara bertutut-turut dikirim untuk menyelidiki kasus itu.{{cite web|url=http://www.paranormal.de/vampir/quelleb.html|title=Glaser's report in the original German|accessdate=2006-06-13}}{{cite web|url=http://www.vampgirl.com/visum.html|title=A translation of Flückinger's report|accessdate=2006-07-06}}{{cite web|url=http://www.paranormal.de/vampir/quellec.html|title= Flückinger's report in the original German|accessdate=2006-06-13}}\n\n== Referensi ==\n\n{{reflist}}\n\n[[Kategori:Kematian 1726]]\n[[Kategori:Vampir]]\n[[Kategori:Orang Serbia]]\n[[Kategori:Mitologi Serbia]]\n\n\n{{negara-bio-stub|Serbia}}","hash":"1c3986247716996da203b6e1e5582b7f86b7ec605fee27b8717dad47f7fd3f85","last_revision":"2022-11-27T16:29:00Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T09:37:16Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:13.722941","cross_lingual_links":{"de":"Arnold Paole","en":"Arnold Paole","es":"Arnold Paole","fr":"Arnold Paole","sr":"Арнаут Павле"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:48.630527","text":"Arnold Paole (Arnont Paule dalam dokumen asli; terjemahan bahasa Jerman dari nama Serbianya, kemungkinan Арнаут Павле, Arnaut Pavle; meninggal 1726) adalah orang Serbia di hajduk yang dipercaya berubah menjadi vampir setelah kematiannya, dan memicu dugaan adanya vampirisme yang membunuh setidaknya 16 orang di tempat asalnya, desa Meduegna (juga disebut Metwett; kemungkinan terjemahan bahasa Jerman dari bahasa Serbia Medveđa), terletak di sungai Morava di dekat kota Paraćin. Kasusnya, yang mirip dengan kasus Peter Plogojowitz, menjadi populer karena adanya keterlibatan langsung otoritas Austria dan didokumentasikan oleh dokter dan pejabat Austria, yang membenarkan adanya vampir. Laporan mereka disebarkan ke seluruh Eropa Barat dan ikut berperan dalam meningkatkan kepercayaan vampir di antara masyarakat Eropa. Pada masa sekarang dapat dijelaskan bahwa itu terjadi karena miskinnya pemahaman tentang proses pembusukan mayat pada masa itu.\n\nKasus itu terutama hanya didasarkan pada laporan dua orang dokter militer Austria, Glaser dan Flückinger, yang secara bertutut-turut dikirim untuk menyelidiki kasus itu.\n\nKategori:Kematian 1726 Kategori:Vampir Kategori:Orang Serbia Kategori:Mitologi Serbia\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Arnold Paole (Arnont Paule dalam dokumen asli; terjemahan bahasa Jerman dari nama Serbianya, kemungkinan Арнаут Павле, Arnaut Pavle; meninggal 1726) adalah orang Serbia di hajduk yang dipercaya berubah menjadi vampir setelah kematiannya, dan memicu dugaan adanya vampirisme yang membunuh setidaknya 16 orang di tempat asalnya, desa Meduegna (juga disebut Metwett; kemungkinan terjemahan bahasa Jerman dari bahasa Serbia Medveđa), terletak di sungai Morava di dekat kota Paraćin.","translated_text":"Arnold Paole (Arnont Paule in the original document; German translation of his Serbian name, possibly Arnaut Павле, Arnaut Pavle; died 1726) was a Serb hajduk who is believed to have turned into a vampire after his death, and sparked a suspicion of vampirism that killed at least 16 people in his birthplace, the village of Meduegna (also called Metwett; possibly a German translation of the Serbian Medveđa), located on the Morava river near the town of Paraćin.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Kasusnya, yang mirip dengan kasus Peter Plogojowitz, menjadi populer karena adanya keterlibatan langsung otoritas Austria dan didokumentasikan oleh dokter dan pejabat Austria, yang membenarkan adanya vampir.","translated_text":"His case, similar to that of Peter Plogojowitz, became popular due to the direct involvement of Austrian authorities and documented by Austrian doctors and officials, which justified the existence of vampires.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Laporan mereka disebarkan ke seluruh Eropa Barat dan ikut berperan dalam meningkatkan kepercayaan vampir di antara masyarakat Eropa.","translated_text":"Their reports spread throughout Western Europe and played a role in increasing vampire confidence among European communities.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pada masa sekarang dapat dijelaskan bahwa itu terjadi karena miskinnya pemahaman tentang proses pembusukan mayat pada masa itu.","translated_text":"In modern times it can be explained that it was because of a lack of understanding of the decomposition process at that time.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kasus itu terutama hanya didasarkan pada laporan dua orang dokter militer Austria, Glaser dan Flückinger, yang secara bertutut-turut dikirim untuk menyelidiki kasus itu.","translated_text":"The case was primarily based solely on the reports of two Austrian military doctors, Glaser and Flückinger, who were successively sent to investigate the case.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[{"content":"{{cite web|url=http://www.paranormal.de/vampir/quelleb.html|title=Glaser's report in the original German|accessdate=2006-06-13}}","char_index":169,"name":"gb","url":"http://www.paranormal.de/vampir/quelleb.html","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html; charset=UTF-8","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":7592,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:26:43.229189-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":4,"source_quality_raw_score":0.70556640625},{"content":"{{cite web|url=http://www.vampgirl.com/visum.html|title=A translation of Flückinger's report|accessdate=2006-07-06}}","char_index":169,"name":"VeRengl","url":"http://www.vampgirl.com/visum.html","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":114,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:26:43.642964-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":"Text is empty","source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{cite web|url=http://www.paranormal.de/vampir/quellec.html|title= Flückinger's report in the original German|accessdate=2006-06-13}}","char_index":169,"name":"VeRgerm","url":"http://www.paranormal.de/vampir/quellec.html","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html; charset=UTF-8","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":11593,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:26:43.818682-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":4,"source_quality_raw_score":0.72119140625}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Referensi","translated_text":"References","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kategori:Kematian 1726 Kategori:Vampir Kategori:Orang Serbia Kategori:Mitologi Serbia","translated_text":"Category:Death of 1726 Category:Vampires Category:Serbian people Category:Serbian mythology","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[{"text":"Kasus itu terutama hanya didasarkan pada laporan dua orang dokter militer Austria, Glaser dan Flückinger, yang secara bertutut-turut dikirim untuk menyelidiki kasus itu.","translated_text":"The case was primarily based solely on the reports of two Austrian military doctors, Glaser and Flückinger, who were successively sent to investigate the case.","citations":[{"content":"{{cite web|url=http://www.paranormal.de/vampir/quelleb.html|title=Glaser's report in the original German|accessdate=2006-06-13}}","char_index":169,"name":"gb","url":"http://www.paranormal.de/vampir/quelleb.html","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html; charset=UTF-8","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":7592,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:26:43.229189-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":4,"source_quality_raw_score":0.70556640625},{"content":"{{cite web|url=http://www.vampgirl.com/visum.html|title=A translation of Flückinger's report|accessdate=2006-07-06}}","char_index":169,"name":"VeRengl","url":"http://www.vampgirl.com/visum.html","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":114,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:26:43.642964-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":"Text is empty","source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{cite web|url=http://www.paranormal.de/vampir/quellec.html|title= Flückinger's report in the original German|accessdate=2006-06-13}}","char_index":169,"name":"VeRgerm","url":"http://www.paranormal.de/vampir/quellec.html","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html; charset=UTF-8","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":11593,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:26:43.818682-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":4,"source_quality_raw_score":0.72119140625}]}]} +{"title":"Korea Insitute of Science and Technology","wikicode":"#ALIH [[Institut Sains dan Teknologi Korea]]","hash":"9d29ca74a2190ee3a195daf86a7001765a21c3d185312897261021c9a06cd054","last_revision":"2010-07-13T09:46:41Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T09:46:41Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:13.777661","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH Institut Sains dan Teknologi Korea\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH Institut Sains dan Teknologi Korea","translated_text":"INSTITUTE of Science and Technology of Korea","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"James Baldwin (Penulis)","wikicode":"#ALIH [[James Baldwin (penulis)]]","hash":"e678679f35f830578e334dab33b6ae82be481f98da1c4c80356897d243898836","last_revision":"2010-07-13T09:52:36Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T09:52:36Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:13.832006","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH James Baldwin (penulis)\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH James Baldwin (penulis)","translated_text":"James Baldwin (writer)","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Bahasa Proto-Slavia","wikicode":"{{short description|Proto-language}}\n{{Infobox proto-language\n| name = Proto-Slavia\n| altname = Slavia Purba\n| region = Eropa Timur\n| era = Milenium ke-2 SM – Abad ke-6 M\n| familycolor = Indo-Eropa\n| ancestor = [[Proto-Indo-Eropa]]\n| ancestor2 = [[Proto-Balto-Slavia]]\n| target = [[Bahasa Slavia]]\n}}\n'''Bahasa Proto-Slavia''' atau '''Bahasa Slavia Purba''' adalah [[bahasa purba]] yang merupakan cikal bakal dari [[bahasa Slavia]]. Bahasa ini digunakan sebelum abad ketujuh. Seperti bahasa purba lainnya, tidak ada sumber tulisan yang ditemukan mengenai bahasa ini. Bahasa ini sudah dicoba direkonstruksi lagi dengan cara membandingkannya dengan bahasa Slavia dan beberapa [[bahasa Indo-Eropa]] lainnya.\n\n== Pranala luar ==\n* [http://www.indoeuropean.nl/ Kamus etimologi Indo-Eropa] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060207135952/http://www.indoeuropean.nl/ |date=2006-02-07 }}\n* [http://www.kortlandt.nl/publications/art066e.pdf From Proto-Indo-European to Slavic, Frederik Kortlandt 1983]\n* [http://www.theslovenian.com/articles/roots.htm The Veneti and Slovenes, dikutip dari Rodna Gruda, bagian bahasa Inggris, Mei 1986]\n\n{{bahasa-stub}}\n{{Rumpun bahasa Indo-Eropa}}\n\n{{DEFAULTSORT:Slavia, bahasa proto}}\n[[Kategori:Rumpun bahasa Slavia|Proto]]\n[[Kategori:Bahasa Indo-Eropa]]\n[[Kategori:Bahasa purba]]","hash":"afe0c32ff4642226af899c337f3ad199f76260dd9710a87ec09e8d182f548115","last_revision":"2023-06-02T16:26:47Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T09:58:40Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:13.893150","cross_lingual_links":{"af":"Protoslawies","an":"Idioma protoeslau","ast":"Idioma protoeslavu","be":"Праславянская мова","be-x-old":"Праславянская мова","bg":"Праславянски език","ca":"Protoeslau","cs":"Praslovanština","cu":"Прасловѣньскъ ѩꙁꙑкъ","cv":"Праславян чĕлхи","de":"Urslawisch","en":"Proto-Slavic language","eo":"Praslava lingvo","es":"Idioma protoeslavo","fa":"زبان نیااسلاوی","fi":"Slaavilainen kantakieli","fr":"Proto-slave","fy":"Oerslavysk","ha":"Yaren Proto-Slavic","he":"פרוטו-סלבית","hr":"Praslavenski jezik","it":"Lingua proto-slava","ja":"スラヴ祖語","ko":"슬라브조어","lfn":"Protoslavica","lmo":"Lengua protoslava","lt":"Slavų prokalbė","lv":"Slāvu pirmvaloda","mk":"Прасловенски јазик","nl":"Oerslavisch","nn":"Urslavisk","nb":"Urslavisk","pl":"Język prasłowiański","pt":"Língua protoeslava","ro":"Limba protoslavă","ru":"Праславянский язык","sh":"Praslavenski jezik","sk":"Praslovančina","sl":"Praslovanščina","sr":"Прасловенски језик","sv":"Urslaviska","tr":"Ana Slavca","uk":"Праслов'янська мова","zh":"原始斯拉夫語"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:48.630527","text":"Bahasa Proto-Slavia atau Bahasa Slavia Purba adalah bahasa purba yang merupakan cikal bakal dari bahasa Slavia. Bahasa ini digunakan sebelum abad ketujuh. Seperti bahasa purba lainnya, tidak ada sumber tulisan yang ditemukan mengenai bahasa ini. Bahasa ini sudah dicoba direkonstruksi lagi dengan cara membandingkannya dengan bahasa Slavia dan beberapa bahasa Indo-Eropa lainnya.\n\nKamus etimologi Indo-Eropa From Proto-Indo-European to Slavic, Frederik Kortlandt 1983 The Veneti and Slovenes, dikutip dari Rodna Gruda, bagian bahasa Inggris, Mei 1986\n\nProto Kategori:Bahasa Indo-Eropa Kategori:Bahasa purba\n","elements":[{"type":"infobox","content":"{{Infobox proto-language\n| name = Proto-Slavia\n| altname = Slavia Purba\n| region = Eropa Timur\n| era = Milenium ke-2 SM – Abad ke-6 M\n| familycolor = Indo-Eropa\n| ancestor = [[Proto-Indo-Eropa]]\n| ancestor2 = [[Proto-Balto-Slavia]]\n| target = [[Bahasa Slavia]]\n}}"},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Bahasa Proto-Slavia atau Bahasa Slavia Purba adalah bahasa purba yang merupakan cikal bakal dari bahasa Slavia.","translated_text":"Proto-Slavic or Old Slavic is a primitive language that was the predecessor of the Slavic language.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Bahasa ini digunakan sebelum abad ketujuh.","translated_text":"It was spoken before the seventh century.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Seperti bahasa purba lainnya, tidak ada sumber tulisan yang ditemukan mengenai bahasa ini.","translated_text":"Like other ancient languages, no written sources have been found regarding this language.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Bahasa ini sudah dicoba direkonstruksi lagi dengan cara membandingkannya dengan bahasa Slavia dan beberapa bahasa Indo-Eropa lainnya.","translated_text":"The language has been attempted to reconstruct again by comparing it to Slavic and some other Indo-European languages.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Pranala luar","translated_text":"External connections","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kamus etimologi Indo-Eropa From Proto-Indo-European to Slavic, Frederik Kortlandt 1983 The Veneti and Slovenes, dikutip dari Rodna Gruda, bagian bahasa Inggris, Mei 1986","translated_text":"Indo-European etymological dictionary From Proto-Indo-European to Slavic, Frederik Kortlandt 1983 The Veneti and Slovenes, quoted from Rodna Gruda, English section, May 1986","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[{"content":"{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060207135952/http://www.indoeuropean.nl/ |date=2006-02-07 }}","char_index":27,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20060207135952/http://www.indoeuropean.nl/","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:26:44.232752-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Proto Kategori:Bahasa Indo-Eropa Kategori:Bahasa purba","translated_text":"Proto Category:Indo-European languages Category:Primary languages","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[{"text":"Kamus etimologi Indo-Eropa From Proto-Indo-European to Slavic, Frederik Kortlandt 1983 The Veneti and Slovenes, dikutip dari Rodna Gruda, bagian bahasa Inggris, Mei 1986","translated_text":"Indo-European etymological dictionary From Proto-Indo-European to Slavic, Frederik Kortlandt 1983 The Veneti and Slovenes, quoted from Rodna Gruda, English section, May 1986","citations":[{"content":"{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060207135952/http://www.indoeuropean.nl/ |date=2006-02-07 }}","char_index":27,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20060207135952/http://www.indoeuropean.nl/","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:26:44.232752-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]}]} +{"title":"Demografi Tiongkok","wikicode":"{{Infobox country demographics\n|country = [[Republik Rakyat Tiongkok]]\n|image = [[Berkas:ChinaDemography.svg|280px]]\n|caption = Populasi Tiongkok, 1961–2006\n|size_of_population = 1.321.000.000 (perkiraan 2007)(dibulatkan)\n|growth = 0,629% (perkiraan 2008)\n|birth = 13,71 kelahiran/1.000 populasi (perkiraan 2008)\n|death = 7,03 kematian/1.000 populasi (perkiraan 2008)\n|life = 73,18 tahun (perkiraan 2008)\n|life_male = 71,37 tahun (perkiraan 2008)\n|life_female = 75,18 tahun (perkiraan 2008)\n|fertility = 1,77 anak lahir/perempuan (2008)\n|age_0-14_years = 20,1% (laki-laki 142.085.665/perempuan 125.300.391) (perkiraan 2008)\n|age_15-64_years = 71,9% (laki-laki 491.513.378/perempuan 465.020.030) (perkiraan 2008)\n|age_65_years = 8% (laki-laki 50.652.480/perempuan 55.472.661) (perkiraan 2008)\n|sr_total_mf_ratio = 1,04 laki-laki/perempuan (perkiraan 2008)\n|sr_at_birth = 1,11 laki-laki/perempuan (perkiraan 2008)\n|sr_under_15 = 1,13 laki-laki/perempuan (perkiraan 2008)\n|sr_15-64_years = 1,06 laki-laki/perempuan (perkiraan 2008)\n|sr_65_years_over = 0,91 laki-laki/perempuan (perkiraan 2008)\n|nation = Tionghoa\n|major_ethnic = [[Suku Han]]\n|minor_ethnic = Zhuang, Manchu, Hui, Miao, Uyghurs, Yi, Tujia, Mongols, Tibetan, Buyei, Dong, Yao, Korean, Bai, Hani, Li, Kazak, Dai, She, Lisu, Gelao, Lahu, Dongxiang, Va, Sui, Nakhi, Qiang, Tu, Xibe, Mulao, Kyrgyz, Daur, Jingpo, Salar, Blang, Maonan, Tajik, Pumi, Achang, Nu, Ewenki, Gin, Jino, De'ang, Uzbeks, Russian, Yugur, Bonan, Monba, Oroqen, Derung, Tatars, Hezhen, Lhoba, Gaoshan\n|official = [[Putonghua|Putonghua (Mandarin Baku)]]\n|spoken = Wu (Shanghai), Yue (Kanton), Min (Minnan, Mindong, dll), Xiang, Gan, Hakka, beraneka logat Mandarin dan Patuá\n}}\n\n'''Demografi Tiongkok''' dikenali lewat [[populasi]] yang besar dengan proporsi remaja dan kanak-kanak yang relatif sedikit, akibat dari [[kebijakan satu anak]] yang ditentukan oleh pemerintah [[Republik Rakyat Tiongkok]]. Kebijakan-kebijakan kependudukan diterapkan di Tiongkok sejak tahun 1979 telah membantu mencegah beberapa juta kelahiran.[http://www.sinoptic.ch/textes/recherche/2006/200608_Rocha.Pascal_memoire.pdf Pascal Rocha da Silva, La politique de l'enfant unique en République populaire de Chine, p. 116, cf.]\n\nKini, populasi Tiongkok lebih dari 1,3 miliar jiwa, [[Daftar negara menurut jumlah penduduk|yang terbanyak di dunia]]. Tiongkok berencana menjalankan sensus penduduk nasional yang ke-6 pada tahun 2010.[http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2009-05/07/content_7751092.htm Tiongkok menjalankan sensus penduduk ke-6 pada 2010]\n\n== Sejarah ==\n=== Sensus ===\nRepublik Rakyat Tiongkok menjalankan [[sensus]] pada tahun 1953, 1964, dan 1982. Pada tahun 1987 pemerintah mengumumkan bahwa sensus nasional ke-4 akan dilaksanakan pada tahun 1990 dan sensus-sensus berikutnya akan rutin dilakukan setiap 10 tahun sekali. Sensus tahun 1982, yang melaporkan populasi keseluruhan sebanyak 1.008.180.738 jiwa, pada umumnya diterima sebagai hasil yang lebih layak dipercaya, akurat, dibandingkan dengan dua sensus sebelumnya. Berbagai organisasi internasional membantu bangsa Tiongkok untuk melaksanakan sensus tahun 1982, termasuk [[United Nations Population Fund]], yang menyumbangkan 15,6 juta dolar Amerika Serikat untuk persiapan dan pelaksanaan sensus itu.\n\nTiongkok telah menjadi negara berpenduduk terbanyak di dunia selama berabad-abad. Ketika Tiongkok menjalankan sensus pertamanya sejak pasca-1949, yaitu pada 1953, populasi Tiongkok terhitung 582 juta jiwa; sedangkan pada sensus ke-5 pada tahun 2000, populasi Tiongkok berlipat dua, tepatnya 1,2 miliar jiwa.\n\nPada dasawarsa 1920-an dan 1930-an, bangsa Tiongkok tertarik pada program-program sosial melalui kendali reproduksi, termasuk di antaranya pengintensifan [[eugenika]]. Dimulakan pada pertengahan dasawarsa 1950-an, pemerintah Tiongkok memperkenalkan sejumlah program dan kampanye [[keluarga berencana]] atau [[pengendalian penduduk]], dengan tingkat keberhasilan yang bervariasi. Populasi Tiongkok yang berkembang cepat adalah persoalan kebijakan primer para pemimpin Tiongkok pada pertengahan abad ke-20, sehingga pada permulaan dasawarsa 1970-an, pemerintah menerapkan [[kebijakan satu anak]] (diberlakukan sejak tahun 1979). Di bawah kebijakan ini, dengan perbedaan panduan terhadap suku-suku minoritas, pasangan yang menikah secara resmi hanya diizinkan memiliki satu anak. Hasil dari kebijakan ini, Tiongkok berhasil mencapai tujuannya, yakni [[tingkat kesuburan]] yang menurun dan relatif stabil; pada tahun 1971 perempuan Tiongkok rata-rata memiliki 5,4 anak; sedangkan pada tahun 2004 hanya 1,7 anak. Bagaimanapun, penguatan program berbeda-beda dari satu tempat ke tempat lain, bergantung pada kinerja petugas pengendali populasi di lapangan.\n\nPada tahun 1982 Tiongkok menjalankan sensus penduduk pertama setelah tahun 1964. Sensus 1982 mengonfirmasi bahwa Tiongkok adalah negara yang berpenduduk lebih dari 1 miliar, atau kira-kira seperlima penduduk dunia. Sensus ini memberi para demografer sehimpunan data struktur usia-kelamin, tingkat kesuburan dan kematian, dan kepadatan dan persebaran penduduk di Tiongkok. Informasi juga digali dari kelompok-kelompok suku minoritas, penduduk perkotaan, dan status pernikahan. Kali pertama sejak Republik Rakyat Tiongkok didirikan, para demografer memperoleh informasi yang andal berdasarkan ukuran dan komposisi tenaga kerja Tiongkok. Negara Tiongkok mulai mempersiapkan sensus 1982 sejak penghujung tahun 1976. Para petugas sensus Tiongkok dikirim ke [[Amerika Serikat]] dan [[Jepang]] untuk mempelajari teknik-teknik dan automasi sensus modern. Ada banyak komputer yang dipasang di tiap-tiap provinsi (atau daerah yang setingkat), kecuali [[Xizang]], dan dihubungkan ke sistem pengolahan pusat di [[Biro Statistika Nasional Tiongkok]], [[Beijing]]. Prauji dan uji coba berskala kecil telah dijalankan dan diperiksa untuk mencapai keakuratan antara tahun 1980 dan 1981 di 24 satuan wilayah setingkat provinsi. Pusat-pusat sensus dibuka di berbagai [[brigade produksi]] perkampungan dan lingkungan perkotaan. Dimulakan pada 1 Juli 1982, tiap-tiap kepala rumah tangga mengirimkan perwakilannya ke pusat sensus untuk dicacah. Sensus ini memerlukan waktu selama sebulan dan membekerjakan kira-kira 5 juta petugas sensus.\n\n== Lihat juga ==\n* [[Aborsi di Tiongkok]]\n\n== Referensi ==\n{{reflist}}\n\n[[Kategori:Demografi Tiongkok| ]]","hash":"f54e5ad75d90aa240635e2be071590bcf176d23688cbf041ae14777f5675f7e8","last_revision":"2023-07-27T15:56:14Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T10:02:08Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:13.949825","cross_lingual_links":{"ar":"التركيبة السكانية في الصين","ast":"Demografía de la República Popular China","az":"Çin əhalisi","be-x-old":"Насельніцтва Кітаю","bg":"Население на Китай","cs":"Obyvatelstvo Číny","da":"Kinas demografi","de":"Demografie der Volksrepublik China","el":"Δημογραφία της Κίνας","en":"Demographics of China","eo":"Demografio de Ĉinio","es":"Demografía de la República Popular China","eu":"Txinako demografia","fa":"جمعیت‌شناسی چین","fr":"Démographie de la Chine","hi":"चीन की जनसांख्यिकी","hu":"Kína demográfiája","ka":"ჩინეთის დემოგრაფია","ko":"중화인민공화국의 인구","lt":"Kinijos demografija","ml":"ചൈനയിലെ ജനസംഖ്യാ വിവരങ്ങൾ","mn":"Хятадын хүн ам","nl":"Bevolking van China","oc":"Demografia de China","pt":"Demografia da China","ro":"Demografia Republicii Populare Chineze","ru":"Население Китая","sq":"Demografia e Kinës","sv":"Kinas demografi","tr":"Çin demografisi","uk":"Населення КНР","vi":"Nhân khẩu Trung Quốc","wuu":"中国人口","zh":"中国大陆人口","zh-yue":"中國大陸人口"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:48.630527","text":"Demografi Tiongkok dikenali lewat populasi yang besar dengan proporsi remaja dan kanak-kanak yang relatif sedikit, akibat dari kebijakan satu anak yang ditentukan oleh pemerintah Republik Rakyat Tiongkok. Kebijakan-kebijakan kependudukan diterapkan di Tiongkok sejak tahun 1979 telah membantu mencegah beberapa juta kelahiran.\n\nKini, populasi Tiongkok lebih dari 1,3 miliar jiwa, yang terbanyak di dunia. Tiongkok berencana menjalankan sensus penduduk nasional yang ke-6 pada tahun 2010.\n\nRepublik Rakyat Tiongkok menjalankan sensus pada tahun 1953, 1964, dan 1982. Pada tahun 1987 pemerintah mengumumkan bahwa sensus nasional ke-4 akan dilaksanakan pada tahun 1990 dan sensus-sensus berikutnya akan rutin dilakukan setiap 10 tahun sekali. Sensus tahun 1982, yang melaporkan populasi keseluruhan sebanyak 1.008.180.738 jiwa, pada umumnya diterima sebagai hasil yang lebih layak dipercaya, akurat, dibandingkan dengan dua sensus sebelumnya. Berbagai organisasi internasional membantu bangsa Tiongkok untuk melaksanakan sensus tahun 1982, termasuk United Nations Population Fund, yang menyumbangkan 15,6 juta dolar Amerika Serikat untuk persiapan dan pelaksanaan sensus itu.\n\nTiongkok telah menjadi negara berpenduduk terbanyak di dunia selama berabad-abad. Ketika Tiongkok menjalankan sensus pertamanya sejak pasca-1949, yaitu pada 1953, populasi Tiongkok terhitung 582 juta jiwa; sedangkan pada sensus ke-5 pada tahun 2000, populasi Tiongkok berlipat dua, tepatnya 1,2 miliar jiwa.\n\nPada dasawarsa 1920-an dan 1930-an, bangsa Tiongkok tertarik pada program-program sosial melalui kendali reproduksi, termasuk di antaranya pengintensifan eugenika. Dimulakan pada pertengahan dasawarsa 1950-an, pemerintah Tiongkok memperkenalkan sejumlah program dan kampanye keluarga berencana atau pengendalian penduduk, dengan tingkat keberhasilan yang bervariasi. Populasi Tiongkok yang berkembang cepat adalah persoalan kebijakan primer para pemimpin Tiongkok pada pertengahan abad ke-20, sehingga pada permulaan dasawarsa 1970-an, pemerintah menerapkan kebijakan satu anak (diberlakukan sejak tahun 1979). Di bawah kebijakan ini, dengan perbedaan panduan terhadap suku-suku minoritas, pasangan yang menikah secara resmi hanya diizinkan memiliki satu anak. Hasil dari kebijakan ini, Tiongkok berhasil mencapai tujuannya, yakni tingkat kesuburan yang menurun dan relatif stabil; pada tahun 1971 perempuan Tiongkok rata-rata memiliki 5,4 anak; sedangkan pada tahun 2004 hanya 1,7 anak. Bagaimanapun, penguatan program berbeda-beda dari satu tempat ke tempat lain, bergantung pada kinerja petugas pengendali populasi di lapangan.\n\nPada tahun 1982 Tiongkok menjalankan sensus penduduk pertama setelah tahun 1964. Sensus 1982 mengonfirmasi bahwa Tiongkok adalah negara yang berpenduduk lebih dari 1 miliar, atau kira-kira seperlima penduduk dunia. Sensus ini memberi para demografer sehimpunan data struktur usia-kelamin, tingkat kesuburan dan kematian, dan kepadatan dan persebaran penduduk di Tiongkok. Informasi juga digali dari kelompok-kelompok suku minoritas, penduduk perkotaan, dan status pernikahan. Kali pertama sejak Republik Rakyat Tiongkok didirikan, para demografer memperoleh informasi yang andal berdasarkan ukuran dan komposisi tenaga kerja Tiongkok. Negara Tiongkok mulai mempersiapkan sensus 1982 sejak penghujung tahun 1976. Para petugas sensus Tiongkok dikirim ke Amerika Serikat dan Jepang untuk mempelajari teknik-teknik dan automasi sensus modern. Ada banyak komputer yang dipasang di tiap-tiap provinsi (atau daerah yang setingkat), kecuali Xizang, dan dihubungkan ke sistem pengolahan pusat di Biro Statistika Nasional Tiongkok, Beijing. Prauji dan uji coba berskala kecil telah dijalankan dan diperiksa untuk mencapai keakuratan antara tahun 1980 dan 1981 di 24 satuan wilayah setingkat provinsi. Pusat-pusat sensus dibuka di berbagai brigade produksi perkampungan dan lingkungan perkotaan. Dimulakan pada 1 Juli 1982, tiap-tiap kepala rumah tangga mengirimkan perwakilannya ke pusat sensus untuk dicacah. Sensus ini memerlukan waktu selama sebulan dan membekerjakan kira-kira 5 juta petugas sensus.\n\nAborsi di Tiongkok\n\nKategori:Demografi Tiongkok\n","elements":[{"type":"infobox","content":"{{Infobox country demographics\n|country = [[Republik Rakyat Tiongkok]]\n|image = [[Berkas:ChinaDemography.svg|280px]]\n|caption = Populasi Tiongkok, 1961–2006\n|size_of_population = 1.321.000.000 (perkiraan 2007)(dibulatkan)\n|growth = 0,629% (perkiraan 2008)\n|birth = 13,71 kelahiran/1.000 populasi (perkiraan 2008)\n|death = 7,03 kematian/1.000 populasi (perkiraan 2008)\n|life = 73,18 tahun (perkiraan 2008)\n|life_male = 71,37 tahun (perkiraan 2008)\n|life_female = 75,18 tahun (perkiraan 2008)\n|fertility = 1,77 anak lahir/perempuan (2008)\n|age_0-14_years = 20,1% (laki-laki 142.085.665/perempuan 125.300.391) (perkiraan 2008)\n|age_15-64_years = 71,9% (laki-laki 491.513.378/perempuan 465.020.030) (perkiraan 2008)\n|age_65_years = 8% (laki-laki 50.652.480/perempuan 55.472.661) (perkiraan 2008)\n|sr_total_mf_ratio = 1,04 laki-laki/perempuan (perkiraan 2008)\n|sr_at_birth = 1,11 laki-laki/perempuan (perkiraan 2008)\n|sr_under_15 = 1,13 laki-laki/perempuan (perkiraan 2008)\n|sr_15-64_years = 1,06 laki-laki/perempuan (perkiraan 2008)\n|sr_65_years_over = 0,91 laki-laki/perempuan (perkiraan 2008)\n|nation = Tionghoa\n|major_ethnic = [[Suku Han]]\n|minor_ethnic = Zhuang, Manchu, Hui, Miao, Uyghurs, Yi, Tujia, Mongols, Tibetan, Buyei, Dong, Yao, Korean, Bai, Hani, Li, Kazak, Dai, She, Lisu, Gelao, Lahu, Dongxiang, Va, Sui, Nakhi, Qiang, Tu, Xibe, Mulao, Kyrgyz, Daur, Jingpo, Salar, Blang, Maonan, Tajik, Pumi, Achang, Nu, Ewenki, Gin, Jino, De'ang, Uzbeks, Russian, Yugur, Bonan, Monba, Oroqen, Derung, Tatars, Hezhen, Lhoba, Gaoshan\n|official = [[Putonghua|Putonghua (Mandarin Baku)]]\n|spoken = Wu (Shanghai), Yue (Kanton), Min (Minnan, Mindong, dll), Xiang, Gan, Hakka, beraneka logat Mandarin dan Patuá\n}}"},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Demografi Tiongkok dikenali lewat populasi yang besar dengan proporsi remaja dan kanak-kanak yang relatif sedikit, akibat dari kebijakan satu anak yang ditentukan oleh pemerintah Republik Rakyat Tiongkok.","translated_text":"China's demographics are recognised through a large population with a relatively small proportion of adolescents and children, as a result of the one-child policy set by the government of the People's Republic of China.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Kebijakan","translated_text":"Policy","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"-kebijakan kependudukan diterapkan di Tiongkok sejak tahun 1979 telah membantu mencegah beberapa juta kelahiran.","translated_text":"Population policies in China since 1979 have helped prevent millions of births.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[{"content":"[http://www.sinoptic.ch/textes/recherche/2006/200608_Rocha.Pascal_memoire.pdf Pascal Rocha da Silva, La politique de l'enfant unique en République populaire de Chine, p. 116, cf.]","char_index":112,"name":null,"url":"http://www.sinoptic.ch/textes/recherche/2006/200608_Rocha.Pascal_memoire.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"application/pdf","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:26:44.301429-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kini, populasi Tiongkok lebih dari 1,3 miliar jiwa, yang terbanyak di dunia.","translated_text":"Today, China's population is over 1.3 billion, the largest in the world.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Tiongkok berencana menjalankan sensus penduduk nasional yang ke-6 pada tahun 2010.","translated_text":"China plans to conduct its sixth national population census in 2010.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[{"content":"[http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2009-05/07/content_7751092.htm Tiongkok menjalankan sensus penduduk ke-6 pada 2010]","char_index":82,"name":null,"url":"http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2009-05/07/content_7751092.htm","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":10001,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:26:45.223899-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":5,"source_quality_raw_score":0.89208984375}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Sejarah","translated_text":"The history","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"heading","text":"Sensus","translated_text":"The Census","level":3,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Republik Rakyat Tiongkok menjalankan sensus pada tahun 1953, 1964, dan 1982.","translated_text":"The People's Republic of China conducted censuses in 1953, 1964, and 1982.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pada tahun 1987 pemerintah mengumumkan bahwa sensus nasional ke-4 akan dilaksanakan pada tahun 1990 dan sensus-sensus berikutnya akan rutin dilakukan setiap 10 tahun sekali.","translated_text":"In 1987 the government announced that the 4th national census would be conducted in 1990 and subsequent censuses would be routinely conducted every 10 years.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Sensus tahun 1982, yang melaporkan populasi keseluruhan sebanyak 1.008.180.738 jiwa, pada umumnya diterima sebagai hasil yang lebih layak dipercaya, akurat, dibandingkan dengan dua sensus sebelumnya.","translated_text":"The 1982 census, which reported an overall population of 1,008,180,738, is generally accepted as a more reliable, accurate result, compared to the two previous censuses.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Berbagai organisasi internasional membantu bangsa Tiongkok untuk melaksanakan sensus tahun 1982, termasuk United Nations Population Fund, yang menyumbangkan 15,6 juta dolar Amerika Serikat untuk persiapan dan pelaksanaan sensus itu.","translated_text":"Various international organizations assisted the Chinese nation in carrying out the 1982 census, including the United Nations Population Fund, which donated $15.6 million to the preparation and execution of the census.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Tiongkok telah menjadi negara berpenduduk terbanyak di dunia selama berabad-abad.","translated_text":"China has been the world's most populous country for centuries.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Ketika Tiongkok menjalankan sensus pertamanya sejak pasca-1949, yaitu pada 1953, populasi Tiongkok terhitung 582 juta jiwa; sedangkan pada sensus ke-5 pada tahun 2000, populasi Tiongkok berlipat dua, tepatnya 1,2 miliar jiwa.","translated_text":"When China conducted its first post-1949 census, in 1953, the population was 582 million; in the 5th census in 2000, China's population doubled, to 1.2 billion.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Pada dasawarsa 1920-an dan 1930-an, bangsa Tiongkok tertarik pada program-program sosial melalui kendali reproduksi, termasuk di antaranya pengintensifan eugenika.","translated_text":"In the decades of the 1920s and 1930s, the Chinese became interested in social programs through reproductive control, including the intensification of eugenics.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Dimulakan pada pertengahan dasawarsa 1950-an, pemerintah Tiongkok memperkenalkan sejumlah program dan kampanye keluarga berencana atau pengendalian penduduk, dengan tingkat keberhasilan yang bervariasi.","translated_text":"Beginning in the mid-1950s, the Chinese government introduced a number of family planning or population control programs and campaigns, with varying degrees of success.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Populasi Tiongkok yang berkembang cepat adalah persoalan kebijakan primer para pemimpin Tiongkok pada pertengahan abad ke-20, sehingga pada permulaan dasawarsa 1970-an, pemerintah menerapkan kebijakan satu anak (diberlakukan sejak tahun 1979).","translated_text":"China's rapidly growing population was the primary policy issue of Chinese leaders in the mid-20th century, so by the early 1970s, the government implemented a one-child policy (implemented since 1979).","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Di bawah kebijakan ini, dengan perbedaan panduan terhadap suku-suku minoritas, pasangan yang menikah secara resmi hanya diizinkan memiliki satu anak.","translated_text":"Under this policy, with differences in guidelines to minority tribes, officially married couples are only allowed to have one child.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Hasil dari kebijakan ini, Tiongkok berhasil mencapai tujuannya, yakni tingkat kesuburan yang menurun dan relatif stabil; pada tahun 1971 perempuan Tiongkok rata-rata memiliki 5,4 anak; sedangkan pada tahun 2004 hanya 1,7 anak.","translated_text":"As a result of this policy, China succeeded in achieving its goal of a declining and relatively stable fertility rate; in 1971 Chinese women had an average of 5.4 children; in 2004 only 1.7 children.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Bagaimanapun, penguatan program berbeda-beda dari satu tempat ke tempat lain, bergantung pada kinerja petugas pengendali populasi di lapangan.","translated_text":"However, the strengthening of the program varies from place to place, depending on the performance of population control officers in the field.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Pada tahun 1982 Tiongkok menjalankan sensus penduduk pertama setelah tahun 1964.","translated_text":"In 1982 China conducted its first population census after 1964.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Sensus 1982 mengonfirmasi bahwa Tiongkok adalah negara yang berpenduduk lebih dari 1 miliar, atau kira-kira seperlima penduduk dunia.","translated_text":"The 1982 census confirmed that China is a country with a population of over 1 billion, or about a fifth of the world's population.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Sensus ini memberi para demografer sehimpunan data struktur usia-kelamin, tingkat kesuburan dan kematian, dan kepadatan dan persebaran penduduk di Tiongkok.","translated_text":"The census provides demographers with a collection of data on the structure of ages, fertility and mortality rates, and population density and distribution in China.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Informasi juga digali dari kelompok-kelompok suku minoritas, penduduk perkotaan, dan status pernikahan.","translated_text":"Information was also extracted from minority ethnic groups, urban dwellers, and marital status.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Kali pertama sejak Republik Rakyat Tiongkok didirikan, para demografer memperoleh informasi yang andal berdasarkan ukuran dan komposisi tenaga kerja Tiongkok.","translated_text":"For the first time since the founding of the People's Republic of China, demographers obtained reliable information based on the size and composition of China's workforce.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Negara Tiongkok mulai mempersiapkan sensus 1982 sejak penghujung tahun 1976.","translated_text":"The Chinese state began preparing the 1982 census since the end of 1976.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Para petugas sensus Tiongkok dikirim ke Amerika Serikat dan Jepang untuk mempelajari teknik-teknik dan automasi sensus modern.","translated_text":"Chinese census officers were sent to the United States and Japan to study modern census techniques and automation.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Ada banyak komputer yang dipasang di tiap-tiap provinsi (atau daerah yang setingkat), kecuali Xizang, dan dihubungkan ke sistem pengolahan pusat di Biro Statistika Nasional Tiongkok, Beijing.","translated_text":"There are many computers installed in every province (or equivalent area), except Xizang, and connected to the central processing system at China's National Bureau of Statistics, Beijing.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Prauji dan uji coba berskala kecil telah dijalankan dan diperiksa untuk mencapai keakuratan antara tahun 1980 dan 1981 di 24 satuan wilayah setingkat provinsi.","translated_text":"Small-scale testing and testing have been conducted and examined to achieve accuracy between 1980 and 1981 at 24 provincial-level regional units.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pusat","translated_text":"The Centre","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"-pusat sensus dibuka di berbagai brigade produksi perkampungan dan lingkungan perkotaan.","translated_text":"- Census centers opened in various production brigades in rural and urban areas.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Dimulakan pada 1 Juli 1982, tiap-tiap kepala rumah tangga mengirimkan perwakilannya ke pusat sensus untuk dicacah.","translated_text":"Beginning July 1, 1982, each head of household sent his representative to the census center for enumeration.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Sensus ini memerlukan waktu selama sebulan dan membekerjakan kira-kira 5 juta petugas sensus.","translated_text":"The census takes about a month and employs about 5 million census officers.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Lihat juga","translated_text":"See also","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Aborsi di Tiongkok","translated_text":"Abortion in China","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Referensi","translated_text":"References","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kategori:Demografi Tiongkok","translated_text":"Category:Demographics of China","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[{"text":"Demografi Tiongkok dikenali lewat populasi yang besar dengan proporsi remaja dan kanak-kanak yang relatif sedikit, akibat dari kebijakan satu anak yang ditentukan oleh pemerintah Republik Rakyat Tiongkok. Kebijakan -kebijakan kependudukan diterapkan di Tiongkok sejak tahun 1979 telah membantu mencegah beberapa juta kelahiran.","translated_text":"China's demographics are recognised through a large population with a relatively small proportion of adolescents and children, as a result of the one-child policy set by the government of the People's Republic of China. Policy Population policies in China since 1979 have helped prevent millions of births.","citations":[{"content":"[http://www.sinoptic.ch/textes/recherche/2006/200608_Rocha.Pascal_memoire.pdf Pascal Rocha da Silva, La politique de l'enfant unique en République populaire de Chine, p. 116, cf.]","char_index":327,"name":null,"url":"http://www.sinoptic.ch/textes/recherche/2006/200608_Rocha.Pascal_memoire.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"application/pdf","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:26:44.301429-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Kini, populasi Tiongkok lebih dari 1,3 miliar jiwa, yang terbanyak di dunia. Tiongkok berencana menjalankan sensus penduduk nasional yang ke-6 pada tahun 2010.","translated_text":"Today, China's population is over 1.3 billion, the largest in the world. China plans to conduct its sixth national population census in 2010.","citations":[{"content":"[http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2009-05/07/content_7751092.htm Tiongkok menjalankan sensus penduduk ke-6 pada 2010]","char_index":159,"name":null,"url":"http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2009-05/07/content_7751092.htm","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":10001,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:26:45.223899-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":5,"source_quality_raw_score":0.89208984375}]}]} +{"title":"PPS (Pistolet-pulemjot Sudaeva)","wikicode":"{{Infobox Weapon\n|name=PPS\n|image=[[Berkas:PPS-43 Soviet 7.62 mm submachine gun.jpg|300px]]\n|caption=PPS-43 popor dibuka\n|origin={{flag|Uni Soviet}}\n|type=[[Pistol mitraliur]]\n\n|is_ranged=yes\n\n|service=1942–sekarang\n\n|designer=Alexei Sudayev\n|design_date=1942\n|manufacturer=\n|production_date=1942–1968 ([[Uni Soviet]])\n|number=\n|variants=PPS-42, PPS-43, M/44, PPS wz. 1943/1952, Tipe 43\n\n|weight='''PPS-42''' : 2,95 [[kg]]
'''PPS-43''' : 3,04 kg\n|length='''PPS-42''' : 907 [[mm]] [[popor]] dibuka / 641 mm popor dilipat
'''PPS-43''' : 820 mm popor dibuka / 615 mm popor dilipat\n|part_length='''PPS-42''' : 273 mm
'''PPS-43''' : 243 mm\n \n|cartridge=[[7,62 x 25 mm Tokarev]]\n|action=''Blowback'', ''open bolt''\n|rate=600 peluru/min (''cyclic rate'')
100 peluru/min (efektif)\n|velocity=Sekitar 500 m/s\n|range=100 m\n|max_range=200 m\n|feed=[[Magazen]] box 35-butir\n|sights=Bidikan dilipat belakang, bidikan tetap di depan\n}}\n\n'''Pistol mitraliur PPS''' dalam {{lang-ru|ППС - '''Пистолет-пулемёт Судаева'''}} atau '''Pistolet-pulemyot Sudaeva''', termasuk dalam keluarga pistol mitraliur [[Uni Soviet]] menggunakan peluru [[7,62 x 25 mm Tokarev]], dibuat dan dikembangkan oleh [[Alexey Sudayev]] sebagai pilihan pistol ''personal defense weapon (PDW)'' untuk unit ''reconnaissance'', pasukan bermobil dan pasukan pendukung.\n\nPistol mitraliur PPS ini secara luas digunakan oleh [[Tentara Merah]] selama [[Perang Dunia II]] yang kemudian dipakai oleh pasukan bersenjata negara lain dan beberapa negara [[Pakta Warsawa]] termasuk negara-negara sekutunya di Afrika dan Asia.\n\n== Sejarah ==\n\nPistol mitraliur ini dibuat untuk memenuhi kebutuhan Tentara Merah akan sebuah senjata yang ringkas, ringan tetapi memiliki akurasi dan kekuatan rusak (dengan mengurangi rata-rata tembakan) dengan biaya produksi yang lebih rendah daripada pistol mitraliur tipe '''PPSh-41''' buatan Uni Soviet yang sedang dipakai saat itu. Desain dari senjata ini dititikberatkan pada penyederhanaan proses produksi dan mengurangi proses menggunakan mesin; pelat baja digunakan pada banyak bagian dari senjata ini. Pemilihan bahan ini berhasil mengurangi komponen mekanik sampai lebih dari setangah produksi biasa (2,7 jam pekerjaan meenggunakan mesin diperlukan untuk membuat PPS sedangkan 7,3 jam untuk PPSh-41). Penghematan mencapai 50 % untuk jumlah pekerja untuk pengerjaan bagian-bagian senjata dan bahan baku baja mencapai (dari semula 13,9 kg menjadi 6,3 kg).\n\nPurwarupa dari senjata ini diujicobakan pada [[musim semi]] tahun [[1942]], atau setahun sejak '''PPS-42''' ([[Bahasa Rusia]]: '''Пистолет-пулемёт Судаева—ППС''' atau '''Pistolet Pulemyot Sudayeva model of 1942''') mulai diluncurkan. Senjata ini mulai diproduksi dalam skala kecil pada saat terjadinya ''Siege of Leningrad'', produksi massal belum dimulai sampai dengan awal tahun [[1943]] di ''Sestroryetsk Arsenal'' (lebih dari 45.000 ribu pucuk senjata dihasilkan sebelum produksinya dihentikan dan diganti dengan '''PPS-43'''). Hasil dari efisiensi produksi menjadikan Uni Soviet mampu memproduksi 350.000 ribu pucuk senjata dari jumlah sebelumnya yang hanya 135.000 per bulannya.\n\n== Detail desain ==\n=== Fitur ===\nPistol mitraliur ini mempunyai sistem mekanisme pemicu (pelatuk) full-otomatis dan kunci pengaman. Pada saat kunci pengaman diaktifkan (menggeser pengunci ke arah depan), 'bolt' dan 'trigger' secara otomatis tidak aktif.\n\nPistol ini menggunakan magazen box berisi 35 butir peluru yang tidak dapat dipakai pada pistol mitraliur tipe PPSh-41 atau tipe pistol yang menggunakan magazen tipe drum. Pistol ini khusus untuk diisi peluru tipe 7,62 x 25 mm Tokarev M1930.\nPopor yang dapat dilipat terdapat dibagian belakang dilengkapi dengan tombol berpegas pada bagian kirinya dengan arah lipat ke atas. Senjata ini tidak dilengkapi dengan ''handle'' di bagian depannya, hal ini disebabkan karena magazen berfungsi juga sebagai handle. Senjata ini biasanya dilengkapi dengan dua unit kantong magazen, oli pelumas, sikat dan sabuk senjata.\n\n=== Alat bidik ===\nSenjata ini dilengkapi dengan sepasang bidikan besi yang terdapat di bagian depan dan bagian belakang berupa bidikan besi yang dapat dilipat dengan dua, efektif untuk jarak tembak antara 100 sampai 200 [[meter]].\n\n== Varian ==\n[[Berkas:Al pps.jpg|jmpl|ka|Varian PPS Tipe 54 buatan [[Republik Rakyat Tiongkok]].]]\n\nPada pertengahan tahun 1943 mulai diproduksi tipe '''PPS-43''' yang sudah dimoderenisasikan, beberapa perubahan dilakukan untuk peningkatan kualitas produksi dan keamanan. Bagian atas laras (''upper receiver'') senjata sudah dilengkapi ventilasi untuk mengurangi panas, begitu juga terjadi pada popor dan laras yang diperpendek, mekanisme penguncian popor disederhanakan, ''ejector'' dipidahkan ke bagian belakang ''recoil spring'', sudut ruang magazen ditingkatkan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan supply peluru, keamanan ditingkatkan dengan fungsi penghalang ''trigger'' dan mengunci ''bolt'' pada posisi siap tembak dan fungsi penguncian aktif.\n\nDi Negara selain Uni Soviet, senjata ini diproduksi di [[Polandia]] dari tahun 1948 berdasarkan lisensi, [[Republik Rakyat Tiongkok]] menggunakan tipe '''54'''. Beberapa varian dibuat berdasarkan PPS-43, termasuk versi latihan yang diproduksi di Polandia, khusus untuk senjata latih ini menggunakan peluru senapan jarak jauh tipe [[.22]] (magazen PPS-43 standar dimodifikasi dengan penambahan alumunium di bagian dalam magazen) juga pistol mitraliur [[Finlandia]] '''M/44'''. M/44 ini merupakan versi modifikasi dari PPS-43 dengan sedikit perubahan saja. Pistol mitraliur M/44 ini dapat menggunakan peluru pistol tipe [[9 x 19 mm Parabellum]], magazen tipe box [[pistol mitraliur]] [[Carl Gustav]], magazen tipe drum senjata [[Suomi M/31]].\n\nPada awal tahun [[1950-an]] Polandia memodifikasi dan mengembangkan PPS-43 yang kemudian dikenal dengan nama '''PPS wz. 1943/1952''' yang melakukan penggantian popor [[metal]] dengan bahan kayu yang tidak dapat dilipat. Popor kayu ini mempunyai ruang di dalamnya yang berfungsi sebagai penyimpanan alat-alat pembersih senjata, kait untuk sabuk terdapat di bagian pinggir popor. Modifikasi ini dimaksudkan untuk meningkatkan tingkat akurasi senjata PPS sebelumnya, tetapi pada kenyataannya hanya sedikit peningkatan akurasi dan malah penambahan berat dan ukuran lebih signifikan. Antara tahun 1952-1955, jumlah produksi pabrik senjata ''Łucznik Arms Factory'' di berbagai tempat mencapai sekitar 111.000 pucuk senjata.\n\nPada tahun [[1953]], penjaga perbatasan [[Jerman Barat]] atau dikenal dengan nama [[Bundesgrenzschutz]] mengadopsi pistol mitraliur buatan [[Spanyol]] '''DUX-53''' dan '''DUX-59''', yang merupakan modifikasi dari PPS-43 dengan cara yang sama dilakukan untuk M/44. Pistol mitraliur K-50M buatan [[Vietnam]] juga mengambil desain dari PPS, sementara [[Hungaria]] menggabungkan fitur dasar PPS-43 dan fitur keamanan PPSh-41 pada '''M53''' buatannya.\n\n== Referensi ==\n* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PPS_submachine_gun PPS Submachine Gun]\n* Woźniak, Ryszard: Encyklopedia najnowszej broni palnej—tom 3 M-P, page 272-273. Bellona, 2001.\n\n== Bibliography ==\n* {{cite book|last = Ezell|first = Edward Clinton|authorlink =|coauthors =|year = 1986|chapter =|title = The AK47 Story: Evolution of the Kalashnikov Weapons|url = https://archive.org/details/ak47storyevoluti0000ezel|publisher = Stackpole Books|location = Harrisburg, PA|isbn = 978-0811709163}}\n* {{pl icon}} {{cite book|last = Woźniak|first = Ryszard|authorlink =|coauthors =|year = 2001|chapter =|title = Encyklopedia najnowszej broni palnej—tom 3 M-P|publisher = Bellona|location = Warsaw, Poland|isbn = 83-11-09149-8}}\n\n== Pranala luar ==\n{{Commonscat|PPS-43}}\n* [http://world.guns.ru/smg/smg03-e.htm Modern Firearms] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051221052905/http://world.guns.ru/smg/smg03-e.htm |date=2005-12-21 }}\n\n[[Kategori:Pistol mitraliur]]","hash":"4bc4d10d93e68628aaf249254c5e12b15b9f647c203db470f6b579481a79512f","last_revision":"2023-08-25T13:20:49Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T10:14:53Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:14.011125","cross_lingual_links":{"bg":"ППС-43","br":"PPS (pistolenn-vindrailher)","ca":"Subfusells PPS","cs":"PPS (samopal)","de":"PPS-43","en":"PPS submachine gun","es":"PPS-43","et":"PPS-43","fi":"PPS-43","fr":"PPS-43","he":"פפ\"ס","hu":"PPSZ–43","it":"PPS (mitra)","ja":"PPS短機関銃","kk":"ППС-43","ko":"PPS-43","nl":"PPS (pistoolmitrailleur)","nb":"PPS 43","pl":"Pistolet maszynowy PPS","pt":"PPS-43","ru":"Пистолет-пулемёт Судаева","sk":"PPS (samopal)","sl":"PPS-43","sr":"ППС-43","sv":"PPS (kulsprutepistol)","th":"พีพีเอส-43","tr":"PPS-43","uk":"ППС-43","vi":"PPS","zh":"PPS衝鋒槍"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:48.630527","text":"Pistol mitraliur PPS dalam atau Pistolet-pulemyot Sudaeva, termasuk dalam keluarga pistol mitraliur Uni Soviet menggunakan peluru 7,62 x 25 mm Tokarev, dibuat dan dikembangkan oleh Alexey Sudayev sebagai pilihan pistol personal defense weapon (PDW) untuk unit reconnaissance, pasukan bermobil dan pasukan pendukung.\n\nPistol mitraliur PPS ini secara luas digunakan oleh Tentara Merah selama Perang Dunia II yang kemudian dipakai oleh pasukan bersenjata negara lain dan beberapa negara Pakta Warsawa termasuk negara-negara sekutunya di Afrika dan Asia.\n\nPistol mitraliur ini dibuat untuk memenuhi kebutuhan Tentara Merah akan sebuah senjata yang ringkas, ringan tetapi memiliki akurasi dan kekuatan rusak (dengan mengurangi rata-rata tembakan) dengan biaya produksi yang lebih rendah daripada pistol mitraliur tipe PPSh-41 buatan Uni Soviet yang sedang dipakai saat itu. Desain dari senjata ini dititikberatkan pada penyederhanaan proses produksi dan mengurangi proses menggunakan mesin; pelat baja digunakan pada banyak bagian dari senjata ini. Pemilihan bahan ini berhasil mengurangi komponen mekanik sampai lebih dari setangah produksi biasa (2,7 jam pekerjaan meenggunakan mesin diperlukan untuk membuat PPS sedangkan 7,3 jam untuk PPSh-41). Penghematan mencapai 50 % untuk jumlah pekerja untuk pengerjaan bagian-bagian senjata dan bahan baku baja mencapai (dari semula 13,9 kg menjadi 6,3 kg).\n\nPurwarupa dari senjata ini diujicobakan pada musim semi tahun 1942, atau setahun sejak PPS-42 (Bahasa Rusia: Пистолет-пулемёт Судаева—ППС atau Pistolet Pulemyot Sudayeva model of 1942) mulai diluncurkan. Senjata ini mulai diproduksi dalam skala kecil pada saat terjadinya Siege of Leningrad, produksi massal belum dimulai sampai dengan awal tahun 1943 di Sestroryetsk Arsenal (lebih dari 45.000 ribu pucuk senjata dihasilkan sebelum produksinya dihentikan dan diganti dengan PPS-43). Hasil dari efisiensi produksi menjadikan Uni Soviet mampu memproduksi 350.000 ribu pucuk senjata dari jumlah sebelumnya yang hanya 135.000 per bulannya.\n\nPistol mitraliur ini mempunyai sistem mekanisme pemicu (pelatuk) full-otomatis dan kunci pengaman. Pada saat kunci pengaman diaktifkan (menggeser pengunci ke arah depan), 'bolt' dan 'trigger' secara otomatis tidak aktif.\n\nPistol ini menggunakan magazen box berisi 35 butir peluru yang tidak dapat dipakai pada pistol mitraliur tipe PPSh-41 atau tipe pistol yang menggunakan magazen tipe drum. Pistol ini khusus untuk diisi peluru tipe 7,62 x 25 mm Tokarev M1930. Popor yang dapat dilipat terdapat dibagian belakang dilengkapi dengan tombol berpegas pada bagian kirinya dengan arah lipat ke atas. Senjata ini tidak dilengkapi dengan handle di bagian depannya, hal ini disebabkan karena magazen berfungsi juga sebagai handle. Senjata ini biasanya dilengkapi dengan dua unit kantong magazen, oli pelumas, sikat dan sabuk senjata.\n\nSenjata ini dilengkapi dengan sepasang bidikan besi yang terdapat di bagian depan dan bagian belakang berupa bidikan besi yang dapat dilipat dengan dua, efektif untuk jarak tembak antara 100 sampai 200 meter.\n\nPada pertengahan tahun 1943 mulai diproduksi tipe PPS-43 yang sudah dimoderenisasikan, beberapa perubahan dilakukan untuk peningkatan kualitas produksi dan keamanan. Bagian atas laras (upper receiver) senjata sudah dilengkapi ventilasi untuk mengurangi panas, begitu juga terjadi pada popor dan laras yang diperpendek, mekanisme penguncian popor disederhanakan, ejector dipidahkan ke bagian belakang recoil spring, sudut ruang magazen ditingkatkan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan supply peluru, keamanan ditingkatkan dengan fungsi penghalang trigger dan mengunci bolt pada posisi siap tembak dan fungsi penguncian aktif.\n\nDi Negara selain Uni Soviet, senjata ini diproduksi di Polandia dari tahun 1948 berdasarkan lisensi, Republik Rakyat Tiongkok menggunakan tipe 54. Beberapa varian dibuat berdasarkan PPS-43, termasuk versi latihan yang diproduksi di Polandia, khusus untuk senjata latih ini menggunakan peluru senapan jarak jauh tipe .22 (magazen PPS-43 standar dimodifikasi dengan penambahan alumunium di bagian dalam magazen) juga pistol mitraliur Finlandia M/44. M/44 ini merupakan versi modifikasi dari PPS-43 dengan sedikit perubahan saja. Pistol mitraliur M/44 ini dapat menggunakan peluru pistol tipe 9 x 19 mm Parabellum, magazen tipe box pistol mitraliur Carl Gustav, magazen tipe drum senjata Suomi M/31.\n\nPada awal tahun 1950-an Polandia memodifikasi dan mengembangkan PPS-43 yang kemudian dikenal dengan nama PPS wz. 1943/1952 yang melakukan penggantian popor metal dengan bahan kayu yang tidak dapat dilipat. Popor kayu ini mempunyai ruang di dalamnya yang berfungsi sebagai penyimpanan alat-alat pembersih senjata, kait untuk sabuk terdapat di bagian pinggir popor. Modifikasi ini dimaksudkan untuk meningkatkan tingkat akurasi senjata PPS sebelumnya, tetapi pada kenyataannya hanya sedikit peningkatan akurasi dan malah penambahan berat dan ukuran lebih signifikan. Antara tahun 1952-1955, jumlah produksi pabrik senjata Łucznik Arms Factory di berbagai tempat mencapai sekitar 111.000 pucuk senjata.\n\nPada tahun 1953, penjaga perbatasan Jerman Barat atau dikenal dengan nama Bundesgrenzschutz mengadopsi pistol mitraliur buatan Spanyol DUX-53 dan DUX-59, yang merupakan modifikasi dari PPS-43 dengan cara yang sama dilakukan untuk M/44. Pistol mitraliur K-50M buatan Vietnam juga mengambil desain dari PPS, sementara Hungaria menggabungkan fitur dasar PPS-43 dan fitur keamanan PPSh-41 pada M53 buatannya.\n\nPPS Submachine Gun Woźniak, Ryszard: Encyklopedia najnowszej broni palnej—tom 3 M-P, page 272-273. Bellona, 2001.\n\nModern Firearms\n\nKategori:Pistol mitraliur\n","elements":[{"type":"infobox","content":"{{Infobox Weapon\n|name=PPS\n|image=[[Berkas:PPS-43 Soviet 7.62 mm submachine gun.jpg|300px]]\n|caption=PPS-43 popor dibuka\n|origin={{flag|Uni Soviet}}\n|type=[[Pistol mitraliur]]\n\n|is_ranged=yes\n\n|service=1942–sekarang\n\n|designer=Alexei Sudayev\n|design_date=1942\n|manufacturer=\n|production_date=1942–1968 ([[Uni Soviet]])\n|number=\n|variants=PPS-42, PPS-43, M/44, PPS wz. 1943/1952, Tipe 43\n\n|weight='''PPS-42''' : 2,95 [[kg]]
'''PPS-43''' : 3,04 kg\n|length='''PPS-42''' : 907 [[mm]] [[popor]] dibuka / 641 mm popor dilipat
'''PPS-43''' : 820 mm popor dibuka / 615 mm popor dilipat\n|part_length='''PPS-42''' : 273 mm
'''PPS-43''' : 243 mm\n \n|cartridge=[[7,62 x 25 mm Tokarev]]\n|action=''Blowback'', ''open bolt''\n|rate=600 peluru/min (''cyclic rate'')
100 peluru/min (efektif)\n|velocity=Sekitar 500 m/s\n|range=100 m\n|max_range=200 m\n|feed=[[Magazen]] box 35-butir\n|sights=Bidikan dilipat belakang, bidikan tetap di depan\n}}"},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Pistol mitraliur PPS dalam atau Pistolet-pulemyot Sudaeva, termasuk dalam keluarga pistol mitraliur Uni Soviet menggunakan peluru 7,62 x 25 mm Tokarev, dibuat dan dikembangkan oleh Alexey Sudayev sebagai pilihan pistol personal defense weapon (PDW) untuk unit reconnaissance, pasukan bermobil dan pasukan pendukung.","translated_text":"The PPS internal submachine gun or Pistolet-pulemyot Sudaeva, belonging to the family of Soviet submachine guns using the 7.62 x 25 mm Tokarev rounds, was designed and developed by Alexey Sudayev as a selection of personal defense weapon (PDW) pistols for reconnaissance units, motorized troops and support troops.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Pistol mitraliur PPS ini secara luas digunakan oleh Tentara Merah selama Perang Dunia II yang kemudian dipakai oleh pasukan bersenjata negara lain dan beberapa negara Pakta Warsawa termasuk negara-negara sekutunya di Afrika dan Asia.","translated_text":"These PPS machine guns were widely used by the Red Army during World War II which was later used by the armed forces of other countries and some Warsaw Pact countries including their allies in Africa and Asia.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Sejarah","translated_text":"The history","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Pistol mitraliur ini dibuat untuk memenuhi kebutuhan Tentara Merah akan sebuah senjata yang ringkas, ringan tetapi memiliki akurasi dan kekuatan rusak (dengan mengurangi rata-rata tembakan) dengan biaya produksi yang lebih rendah daripada pistol mitraliur tipe PPSh-41 buatan Uni Soviet yang sedang dipakai saat itu.","translated_text":"These machine guns were made to meet the Red Army's need for a compact, lightweight weapon but with accuracy and brittle force (by reducing average firepower) at a lower production cost than the then Soviet-made PPSh-41 type machine gun.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Desain dari senjata ini dititikberatkan pada penyederhanaan proses produksi dan mengurangi proses menggunakan mesin; pelat baja digunakan pada banyak bagian dari senjata ini.","translated_text":"The design of this weapon was emphasized on simplifying the production process and reducing the process using the machine; steel plates were used on many parts of these weapons.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pemilihan bahan ini berhasil mengurangi komponen mekanik sampai lebih dari setangah produksi biasa (2,7 jam pekerjaan meenggunakan mesin diperlukan untuk membuat PPS sedangkan 7,3 jam untuk PPSh-41).","translated_text":"The selection of these materials successfully reduced mechanical components to more than half of normal production (2.7 hours of machine work required to make PPS versus 7.3 hours for PPSh-41).","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Penghematan mencapai 50 % untuk jumlah pekerja untuk pengerjaan bagian-bagian senjata dan bahan baku baja mencapai (dari semula 13,9 kg menjadi 6,3 kg).","translated_text":"The savings reached 50% for the number of workers for the working of weapons parts and steel raw materials reached (from the original 13.9 kg to 6.3 kg).","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Purwarupa dari senjata ini diujicobakan pada musim semi tahun 1942, atau setahun sejak PPS-42 (Bahasa Rusia: Пистолет-пулемёт Судаева—ППС atau Pistolet Pulemyot Sudayeva model of 1942) mulai diluncurkan.","translated_text":"A prototype of this weapon was tested in the spring of 1942, or a year after the PPS-42 (Russian: Пистолет-пулемёт Судаева ⁇ ППС or Pistolet Pulemyot Sudayeva model of 1942) was launched.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Senjata ini mulai diproduksi dalam skala kecil pada saat terjadinya Siege of Leningrad, produksi massal belum dimulai sampai dengan awal tahun 1943 di Sestroryetsk Arsenal (lebih dari 45.000 ribu pucuk senjata dihasilkan sebelum produksinya dihentikan dan diganti dengan PPS-43).","translated_text":"The weapon began to be produced on a small scale at the time of the Siege of Leningrad, mass production did not begin until early 1943 at the Sestroryetsk Arsenal (over 45,000 guns were produced before production was stopped and replaced by the PPS-43).","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Hasil dari efisiensi produksi menjadikan Uni Soviet mampu memproduksi 350.000 ribu pucuk senjata dari jumlah sebelumnya yang hanya 135.000 per bulannya.","translated_text":"The resulting production efficiency enabled the Soviet Union to produce 350,000 rounds of ammunition from its previous output of only 135,000 a month.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Detail desain","translated_text":"Design details","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"heading","text":"Fitur","translated_text":"Features","level":3,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Pistol mitraliur ini mempunyai sistem mekanisme pemicu (pelatuk) full-otomatis dan kunci pengaman.","translated_text":"These machine guns have a fully automatic trigger mechanism system and a safety lock.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pada saat kunci pengaman diaktifkan (menggeser pengunci ke arah depan), 'bolt' dan 'trigger' secara otomatis tidak aktif.","translated_text":"When the safety lock is activated (shifting the lock forward), the 'bolt' and 'trigger' are automatically deactivated.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Pistol ini menggunakan magazen box berisi 35 butir peluru yang tidak dapat dipakai pada pistol mitraliur tipe PPSh-41 atau tipe pistol yang menggunakan magazen tipe drum.","translated_text":"The pistol uses a store box containing 35 bullet grains that cannot be used on a PPSh-41 type machine gun or a drum type store gun.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pistol ini khusus untuk diisi peluru tipe 7,62 x 25 mm Tokarev M1930.","translated_text":"This pistol is specially designed to load 7.62 x 25 mm Tokarev M1930 bullets.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Popor yang dapat dilipat terdapat dibagian belakang dilengkapi dengan tombol berpegas pada bagian kirinya dengan arah lipat ke atas.","translated_text":"The folding popor is located at the rear with a spring button on the left with a folding direction up.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Senjata ini tidak dilengkapi dengan handle di bagian depannya, hal ini disebabkan karena magazen berfungsi juga sebagai handle.","translated_text":"The weapon is not equipped with a handle on the front, this is due to the store also serving as a handle.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Senjata ini biasanya dilengkapi dengan dua unit kantong magazen, oli pelumas, sikat dan sabuk senjata.","translated_text":"These weapons are usually equipped with two store bags, lubricating oil, a brush and a gun belt.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Alat bidik","translated_text":"Shooting tool","level":3,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Senjata ini dilengkapi dengan sepasang bidikan besi yang terdapat di bagian depan dan bagian belakang berupa bidikan besi yang dapat dilipat dengan dua, efektif untuk jarak tembak antara 100 sampai 200 meter.","translated_text":"The weapon is equipped with a pair of front and rear folding iron bullets, effective for a range of between 100 and 200 meters.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Varian","translated_text":"Variants","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Pada pertengahan tahun 1943 mulai diproduksi tipe PPS-43 yang sudah dimoderenisasikan, beberapa perubahan dilakukan untuk peningkatan kualitas produksi dan keamanan.","translated_text":"In mid-1943 a modernized PPS-43 began production, with some changes made to improve production quality and safety.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Bagian atas laras (upper receiver) senjata sudah dilengkapi ventilasi untuk mengurangi panas, begitu juga terjadi pada popor dan laras yang diperpendek, mekanisme penguncian popor disederhanakan, ejector dipidahkan ke bagian belakang recoil spring, sudut ruang magazen ditingkatkan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan supply peluru, keamanan ditingkatkan dengan fungsi penghalang trigger dan mengunci bolt pada posisi siap tembak dan fungsi penguncian aktif.","translated_text":"The upper receiver of the weapon is already equipped with ventilation to reduce heat, as is the case with popor and shortened popor, the popor locking mechanism is simplified, the ejector is split into the rear of the recoil spring, the corner of the store room is improved to increase the bullet supply capability, safety is improved with the function of trigger barrier and locking the bolt at the ready-to-fire position and the function of active locking.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Di Negara selain Uni Soviet, senjata ini diproduksi di Polandia dari tahun 1948 berdasarkan lisensi, Republik Rakyat Tiongkok menggunakan tipe 54.","translated_text":"In countries other than the Soviet Union, these weapons were produced in Poland from 1948 on a license, the People's Republic of China using the type 54.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Beberapa varian dibuat berdasarkan PPS-43, termasuk versi latihan yang diproduksi di Polandia, khusus untuk senjata latih ini menggunakan peluru senapan jarak jauh tipe .22 (magazen PPS-43 standar dimodifikasi dengan penambahan alumunium di bagian dalam magazen) juga pistol mitraliur Finlandia M/44.","translated_text":"Several variants were made based on the PPS-43, including a training version produced in Poland, specifically for this training weapon using the .22-type long-range rifle bullet (standard PPS-43 magazines modified with the addition of aluminum in the store) as well as the Finnish M/44 submachine gun.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"M/44 ini merupakan versi modifikasi dari PPS-43 dengan sedikit perubahan saja.","translated_text":"This M/44 is a modified version of the PPS-43 with few changes.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pistol mitraliur M/44 ini dapat menggunakan peluru pistol tipe 9 x 19 mm Parabellum, magazen tipe box pistol mitraliur Carl Gustav, magazen tipe drum senjata Suomi M/31.","translated_text":"This M/44 machine gun can use Parabellum 9 x 19 mm gun bullets, Carl Gustav machine gun box type stores, Suomi M/31 gun drum type stores.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Pada awal tahun 1950-an Polandia memodifikasi dan mengembangkan PPS-43 yang kemudian dikenal dengan nama PPS wz. 1943/1952 yang melakukan penggantian popor metal dengan bahan kayu yang tidak dapat dilipat.","translated_text":"In the early 1950s Poland modified and developed the PPS-43 later known as PPS wz. 1943/1952 which replaced the popor metal with non-folding wood material.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Popor kayu ini mempunyai ruang di dalamnya yang berfungsi sebagai penyimpanan alat-alat pembersih senjata, kait untuk sabuk terdapat di bagian pinggir popor.","translated_text":"This wooden popper has a space inside that serves as a storage for weapons cleaning tools, the hook for the belt is located at the edge of the popper.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Modifikasi ini dimaksudkan untuk meningkatkan tingkat akurasi senjata PPS sebelumnya, tetapi pada kenyataannya hanya sedikit peningkatan akurasi dan malah penambahan berat dan ukuran lebih signifikan.","translated_text":"These modifications were intended to improve the accuracy of previous PPS weapons, but in reality only slightly improved accuracy and even more significant weight and size additions.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Antara tahun 1952-1955, jumlah produksi pabrik senjata Łucznik Arms Factory di berbagai tempat mencapai sekitar 111.000 pucuk senjata.","translated_text":"Between 1952-1955, the number of weapons production plants at Łucznik Arms Factory in various places reached about 111,000 guns.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Pada tahun 1953, penjaga perbatasan Jerman Barat atau dikenal dengan nama Bundesgrenzschutz mengadopsi pistol mitraliur buatan Spanyol DUX-53 dan DUX-59, yang merupakan modifikasi dari PPS-43 dengan cara yang sama dilakukan untuk M/44.","translated_text":"In 1953, the West German border guards or known as the Bundesgrenzschutz adopted the Spanish-made DUX-53 and DUX-59 machine guns, which were a modification of the PPS-43 in the same manner done for the M/44.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pistol mitraliur K-50M buatan Vietnam juga mengambil desain dari PPS, sementara Hungaria menggabungkan fitur dasar PPS-43 dan fitur keamanan PPSh-41 pada M53 buatannya.","translated_text":"Vietnamese-made K-50M submachine guns also took the design from the PPS, while Hungary incorporated the basic features of the PPS-43 and the security features of the PPSh-41 in its M53 design.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Referensi","translated_text":"References","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"PPS Submachine Gun Woźniak, Ryszard: Encyklopedia najnowszej broni palnej—tom 3 M-P, page 272-273.","translated_text":"I'm not sure I'm going to be able to tell you what I'm doing.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Bellona, 2001.","translated_text":"This is Bellona, 2001.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Bibliography","translated_text":"The Bibliography","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"heading","text":"Pranala luar","translated_text":"External connections","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Modern Firearms","translated_text":"Modern firearms","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051221052905/http://world.guns.ru/smg/smg03-e.htm |date=2005-12-21 }}","char_index":15,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20051221052905/http://world.guns.ru/smg/smg03-e.htm","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:26:45.779702-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kategori:Pistol mitraliur","translated_text":"Category:Pistols and machine guns","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[{"text":"Modern Firearms","translated_text":"Modern firearms","citations":[{"content":"{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051221052905/http://world.guns.ru/smg/smg03-e.htm |date=2005-12-21 }}","char_index":15,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20051221052905/http://world.guns.ru/smg/smg03-e.htm","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:26:45.779702-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]}]} +{"title":"SMA Negeri 2 Palembang","wikicode":"{{Kotak info sekolah\n| nama = SMA NEGERI 2 PALEMBANG\n| didirikan = 1957\n| tipe = Negeri\n| akreditasi = A\n| motto =Beriman, Berkualitas, dan Berwawasan Teknologi Informasi\n| kepsek = Marphudok, S.Pd., M.Pd.\n| pamong =\n| jurusan = [[Kurikulum Merdeka]]: tidak ada lagi jurusan IPA/IPS\n| rentang kelas = X, XI, XII IPA, XII IPS\n| kurikulum = [[Kurikulum Merdeka]]\n| murid = ±1.400\n| alamat = Jl. Puncak Sekuning No. 84\nKecamatan : [[Ilir Barat I, Palembang|Ilir Barat I]]\nKelurahan : [[Lorok Pakjo, Ilir Barat I, Palembang|Lorok Pakjo]]\n[[Palembang]] 30137\n| provinsi = [[Sumatera Selatan]]\n| negara = [[Indonesia]]\n| telp =(0711) 350796\n| situs web =[[https://smanegeri2palembang.sch.id]] \n| catatan =\n| slogan =Maju Bersama untuk SMANDUPA\n| image =[[Berkas: Lambang_Resmi_SMAN_2_PLG.png|150px|]]|NPSN=10603845|NSS=301116003002}}\n\n'''SMA Negeri (SMAN) 2 Palembang''' merupakan sebuah [[sekolah menengah atas]] [[negeri]] yang terletak di [[Palembang]], [[Sumatera Selatan]], [[Indonesia]]. Sekolah ini didirikan pada tahun [[1957]]. Sama dengan SMA pada umumnya di Indonesia, masa pendidikan ditempuh dalam waktu tiga tahun pelajaran, mulai dari kelas X sampai kelas XII.\n\nSMA Negeri 2 Palembang memiliki visi yakni \"Beriman, Berkualitas, dan Berwawasan Teknologi Informasi\". Selain itu, SMA Negeri 2 Palembang memiliki motto atau slogan yakni \"Maju Bersama untuk SMANDUPA\". Saat ini, SMA Negeri 2 Palembang dipimpin oleh Bapak Marphudok, S.Pd., M.Pd.\n\nSMA Negeri 2 Palembang juga sering dikenal sebagai \"SMANDUPA\" atau \"DUPA\".\n\n== Sejarah ==\nSebelum memiliki lokasi dan gedung sendiri, SMA Negeri 2 Palembang dulunya bernama SMA Negeri 1 Bagian AC. SMA Negeri 1 Bagian AC ini adalah bagian dari SMA Negeri 1 ABC, yang kini adalah SMA Negeri 1 Palembang. Dengan demikian, dulunya SMA Negeri 2 Palembang merupakan bagian dari SMA Negeri 1 Palembang. Lalu pada tahun 1957, SMA Negeri 2 Palembang berpisah dari SMA Negeri 1 Palembang dan berdiri sendiri, yang kemudian memiliki gedung sendiri di Jl. Puncak Sekuning No. 84, Kelurahan Lorok Pakjo, Kecamatan Ilir Barat I, Palembang.\n\nBerdirinya SMA Negeri 2 Palembang ini didukung oleh KODAM IV/Sriwijaya (saat ini KODAM II/Sriwijaya) dan berkat usaha yang gigih serta ridho dari Allah SWT., hingga kini SMA Negeri 2 Palembang masih tetap berdiri bahkan semakin maju dengan pesat.\n\nDaftar Kepala Sekolah (1957-saat ini):\n#S.A. Sitohang (1957-1958)\n#Isa Abbas (1958-1960)\n#Awaluddin Rasyid (1960-1975)\n#Drs. M. Lamsari (1975-1982)\n#A. Gani Ismail (1982-1988)\n#Abdul Chalik Rosyad, B.A. (1988-1993)\n#Bustomi Manan, B.A. (10 Februari 1993 s.d. 5 Agustus 1993)\n#Drs. Baiduri Sersan (6 Agustus 1993 s.d. 14 Agustus 1995)\n#Drs. Marhaen Achmad (15 Agustus 1995 s.d. 14 Maret 1996)\n#Drs. H. M. Nazir Cikdung, S.H. (15 Maret 1996 s.d. 5 Agustus 1998)\n#Drs. Muchammad Alwi Zainuddin (6 Agustus 1998 s.d. 25 Januari 2002)\n#Drs. Purwira Zainuddin (26 Januari 2002 s.d. 19 Juni 2003)\n#Asmawati, S.Pd. (20 Juni 2003 s.d. 29 Desember 2004)\n#Napi'ah, S.Pd. (29 Desember 2004 s.d. 12 Februari 2006)\n#Dra. Hj. Amizia, M.Pd. (13 Februari 2006 s.d. 2010)\n#Dra. Hj. Erliana, M.M. (2010 s.d. Oktober 2012)\n#Dra. Hj. Sugiahati, M.M. (Oktober 2012 s.d. April 2015)\n#Drs. Syamsul Bachri, M.Si. (April 2015 s.d. Desember 2019)\n#Rosidah, S.Pd., M.Si. (Desember 2019 s.d. September 2020)\n#Marphudok, S.Pd., M.Pd. (September 2020 s.d. Sekarang)\n\n== Pengurus ==\nKepala Sekolah:\n'''Marphudok, S.Pd., M.Pd.'''\n\nWakil Kepala Sekolah:\n# Waka Kurikulum : '''Wiwiek Endah Noviyanti, S.Si.'''\n# Waka Kesiswaan : '''Mustika, S.Pd., M.Si.'''\n# Waka Humas : '''Sabar Sihombing, S.Pd., M.Pd.'''\n# Waka Sarana dan Prasarana : '''Edi Sumarno, S.Pd.'''\n# Waka Penjaminan Mutu: '''Wardiyah, S.Pd., M.Si.'''\n\nKepala Tata Usaha : '''Desma Nita Lia, A.Md.'''\n\n== Organisasi-Ekskul ==\n\nOrganisasi:\n\n# '''Organisasi Siswa Intra Sekolah (OSIS) Managemen.'''\n# '''Ikatan Bujang Gadis SMA Negeri 2 Palembang (Bujang Gadis DUPA/BGD).'''\n\nEkstrakurikuler (EKSKUL):\n\n# '''ROHIS Al-Hidayah (Rohani Islam).'''\n# '''PASSMANDA (Pasukan Khusus SMA Negeri 2 Palembang).'''\n# '''PKS SMANDUPA (Patroli Keamanan Sekolah).'''\n# '''PAMADUPA (Palang Merah Remaja).'''\n# '''KIR SMANDUPA (Kelompok Ilmiah Remaja).'''\n# '''AKTUALITAS SMANDUPA (Aktivitas Tulisan Aktual Lintas Siswa).'''\n# '''MADUPA (Majalah Dinding SMANDUPA).'''\n# '''EC SMANDUPA (English Club).'''\n# '''Adiwiyata SMANDUPA.'''\n# '''PS DUPA (Futsal).'''\n# '''Volly.'''\n# '''Badminton.'''\n# '''Taekwondo.'''\n# '''Tapak Suci.'''\n# '''GRIWA (Basketball).'''\n# '''Senam.'''\n# '''Sanggar Mentari SMANDUPA (Seni Tari).'''\n# '''VG (Vocal Grup).'''\n# '''Band.'''\n# '''Theater.'''\n# '''PRASDUPA (Praja Muda Karana/PRAMUKA).'''\n\n== Mars SMANDUPA ==\nMarilah naik ke puncak,\n\nPuncak tempat cita-citaku,\n\nPuncak SMA 2.\n\nMarilah menuntut ilmu,\n\nIlmu untuk bangsaku.\n\nKujunjung SMA NEGERI 2,\n\nNama almamaterku.\n\nHiduplah SMA NEGERI 2,\n\nHiduplah almamaterku.\n\n== Alumni ==\n\n# [[Taufiq Kiemas]] , Ketua MPR-RI Masa Bakti 2009-2014.\n# [[Tito Karnavian]] , Menteri Dalam Negeri Masa Bakti 2019-2024 dan Kepala Kepolisian Republik Indonesia Masa Jabatan 2016-2019.\n# [[I Made Mangku Pastika]] , Gubernur Provinsi Bali Masa Bakti 2008-2013 dan 2013-2018.\n# [[Beni Hernedi]] , Wakil Bupati Musi Banyuasin.\n# [[Fitrianti Agustinda]] , Wakil Walikota Palembang Masa Bakti 2016-2018 dan 2018-2023.\n# [[SN Prana Putra Sohe]], Wali Kota Lubuklinggau 2013-2023\n\n== Referensi ==\n{{reflist}}\n\n== Pranala luar ==\n* {{id}} [http://smanegeri2palembang.sch.id/ Situs web resmi SMAN 2 Palembang] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130914065437/http://www.sman2palembang.sch.id/ |date=2013-09-14 }}\n\n{{SMA Negeri di Palembang}}\n\n{{DEFAULTSORT:Negeri 1 Palembang}}\n\n\n{{sekolah-stub}}\n[[Kategori:Ilir Barat I, Palembang]]\n[[Kategori:Sekolah menengah atas]]","hash":"1cb24640930ca6274b927134d6abe9b559aebb1346c3899dd35d8ef6ea5d9b67","last_revision":"2023-09-29T03:35:15Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T10:46:50Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:14.064363","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"SMA Negeri (SMAN) 2 Palembang merupakan sebuah sekolah menengah atas negeri yang terletak di Palembang, Sumatera Selatan, Indonesia. Sekolah ini didirikan pada tahun 1957. Sama dengan SMA pada umumnya di Indonesia, masa pendidikan ditempuh dalam waktu tiga tahun pelajaran, mulai dari kelas X sampai kelas XII.\n\nSMA Negeri 2 Palembang memiliki visi yakni \"Beriman, Berkualitas, dan Berwawasan Teknologi Informasi\". Selain itu, SMA Negeri 2 Palembang memiliki motto atau slogan yakni \"Maju Bersama untuk SMANDUPA\". Saat ini, SMA Negeri 2 Palembang dipimpin oleh Bapak Marphudok, S.Pd., M.Pd.\n\nSMA Negeri 2 Palembang juga sering dikenal sebagai \"SMANDUPA\" atau \"DUPA\".\n\nSebelum memiliki lokasi dan gedung sendiri, SMA Negeri 2 Palembang dulunya bernama SMA Negeri 1 Bagian AC. SMA Negeri 1 Bagian AC ini adalah bagian dari SMA Negeri 1 ABC, yang kini adalah SMA Negeri 1 Palembang. Dengan demikian, dulunya SMA Negeri 2 Palembang merupakan bagian dari SMA Negeri 1 Palembang. Lalu pada tahun 1957, SMA Negeri 2 Palembang berpisah dari SMA Negeri 1 Palembang dan berdiri sendiri, yang kemudian memiliki gedung sendiri di Jl. Puncak Sekuning No. 84, Kelurahan Lorok Pakjo, Kecamatan Ilir Barat I, Palembang.\n\nBerdirinya SMA Negeri 2 Palembang ini didukung oleh KODAM IV/Sriwijaya (saat ini KODAM II/Sriwijaya) dan berkat usaha yang gigih serta ridho dari Allah SWT., hingga kini SMA Negeri 2 Palembang masih tetap berdiri bahkan semakin maju dengan pesat.\n\nDaftar Kepala Sekolah (1957-saat ini): S.A. Sitohang (1957-1958) Isa Abbas (1958-1960) Awaluddin Rasyid (1960-1975) Drs. M. Lamsari (1975-1982) A. Gani Ismail (1982-1988) Abdul Chalik Rosyad, B.A. (1988-1993) Bustomi Manan, B.A. (10 Februari 1993 s.d. 5 Agustus 1993) Drs. Baiduri Sersan (6 Agustus 1993 s.d. 14 Agustus 1995) Drs. Marhaen Achmad (15 Agustus 1995 s.d. 14 Maret 1996) Drs. H. M. Nazir Cikdung, S.H. (15 Maret 1996 s.d. 5 Agustus 1998) Drs. Muchammad Alwi Zainuddin (6 Agustus 1998 s.d. 25 Januari 2002) Drs. Purwira Zainuddin (26 Januari 2002 s.d. 19 Juni 2003) Asmawati, S.Pd. (20 Juni 2003 s.d. 29 Desember 2004) Napi'ah, S.Pd. (29 Desember 2004 s.d. 12 Februari 2006) Dra. Hj. Amizia, M.Pd. (13 Februari 2006 s.d. 2010) Dra. Hj. Erliana, M.M. (2010 s.d. Oktober 2012) Dra. Hj. Sugiahati, M.M. (Oktober 2012 s.d. April 2015) Drs. Syamsul Bachri, M.Si. (April 2015 s.d. Desember 2019) Rosidah, S.Pd., M.Si. (Desember 2019 s.d. September 2020) Marphudok, S.Pd., M.Pd. (September 2020 s.d. Sekarang)\n\nKepala Sekolah: Marphudok, S.Pd., M.Pd.\n\nWakil Kepala Sekolah: Waka Kurikulum : Wiwiek Endah Noviyanti, S.Si. Waka Kesiswaan : Mustika, S.Pd., M.Si. Waka Humas : Sabar Sihombing, S.Pd., M.Pd. Waka Sarana dan Prasarana : Edi Sumarno, S.Pd. Waka Penjaminan Mutu: Wardiyah, S.Pd., M.Si.\n\nKepala Tata Usaha : Desma Nita Lia, A.Md.\n\nOrganisasi:\n\nOrganisasi Siswa Intra Sekolah (OSIS) Managemen. Ikatan Bujang Gadis SMA Negeri 2 Palembang (Bujang Gadis DUPA/BGD).\n\nEkstrakurikuler (EKSKUL):\n\nROHIS Al-Hidayah (Rohani Islam). PASSMANDA (Pasukan Khusus SMA Negeri 2 Palembang). PKS SMANDUPA (Patroli Keamanan Sekolah). PAMADUPA (Palang Merah Remaja). KIR SMANDUPA (Kelompok Ilmiah Remaja). AKTUALITAS SMANDUPA (Aktivitas Tulisan Aktual Lintas Siswa). MADUPA (Majalah Dinding SMANDUPA). EC SMANDUPA (English Club). Adiwiyata SMANDUPA. PS DUPA (Futsal). Volly. Badminton. Taekwondo. Tapak Suci. GRIWA (Basketball). Senam. Sanggar Mentari SMANDUPA (Seni Tari). VG (Vocal Grup). Band. Theater. PRASDUPA (Praja Muda Karana/PRAMUKA).\n\nMarilah naik ke puncak,\n\nPuncak tempat cita-citaku,\n\nPuncak SMA 2.\n\nMarilah menuntut ilmu,\n\nIlmu untuk bangsaku.\n\nKujunjung SMA NEGERI 2,\n\nNama almamaterku.\n\nHiduplah SMA NEGERI 2,\n\nHiduplah almamaterku.\n\nTaufiq Kiemas , Ketua MPR-RI Masa Bakti 2009-2014. Tito Karnavian , Menteri Dalam Negeri Masa Bakti 2019-2024 dan Kepala Kepolisian Republik Indonesia Masa Jabatan 2016-2019. I Made Mangku Pastika , Gubernur Provinsi Bali Masa Bakti 2008-2013 dan 2013-2018. Beni Hernedi , Wakil Bupati Musi Banyuasin. Fitrianti Agustinda , Wakil Walikota Palembang Masa Bakti 2016-2018 dan 2018-2023. SN Prana Putra Sohe, Wali Kota Lubuklinggau 2013-2023\n\nSitus web resmi SMAN 2 Palembang\n\nKategori:Ilir Barat I, Palembang Kategori:Sekolah menengah atas\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"SMA Negeri (SMAN) 2 Palembang merupakan sebuah sekolah menengah atas negeri yang terletak di Palembang, Sumatera Selatan, Indonesia.","translated_text":"SMA Negeri (SMAN) 2 Palembang is a state secondary school located in Palembang, South Sumatra, Indonesia.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Sekolah ini didirikan pada tahun 1957.","translated_text":"The school was founded in 1957.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Sama dengan SMA pada umumnya di Indonesia, masa pendidikan ditempuh dalam waktu tiga tahun pelajaran, mulai dari kelas X sampai kelas XII.","translated_text":"Similar to secondary schools in general in Indonesia, schooling takes place over the course of three years, from class X to class XII.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"SMA Negeri 2 Palembang memiliki visi yakni \"Beriman, Berkualitas, dan Berwawasan Teknologi Informasi\".","translated_text":"Palembang State Secondary School has a vision of \"Believing, Quality, and Insightful in Information Technology\".","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Selain itu, SMA Negeri 2 Palembang memiliki motto atau slogan yakni \"Maju Bersama untuk SMANDUPA\".","translated_text":"In addition, Palembang State Secondary School has a motto or slogan which is \"Go Together for ALL\".","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Saat ini, SMA Negeri 2 Palembang dipimpin oleh Bapak Marphudok, S.Pd., M.Pd.","translated_text":"Currently, Palembang State High School 2 is headed by Mr. Marphudok, S.Pd., M.Pd.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"SMA Negeri 2 Palembang juga sering dikenal sebagai \"SMANDUPA\" atau \"DUPA\".","translated_text":"Palembang State High School 2 is also often known as \"SOMANDUPA\" or \"DUPA\".","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Sejarah","translated_text":"The history","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Sebelum memiliki lokasi dan gedung sendiri, SMA Negeri 2 Palembang dulunya bernama SMA Negeri 1 Bagian AC.","translated_text":"Prior to having its own location and building, Palembang State High School 2 was formerly known as AC Division 1 State High School.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"SMA Negeri 1 Bagian AC ini adalah bagian dari SMA Negeri 1 ABC, yang kini adalah SMA Negeri 1 Palembang.","translated_text":"It is a part of the State High School 1 ABC, which is now Palembang State High School.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Dengan demikian, dulunya SMA Negeri 2 Palembang merupakan bagian dari SMA Negeri 1 Palembang.","translated_text":"Thus, formerly Palembang State High School 2 was a part of Palembang State High School 1.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Lalu pada tahun 1957, SMA Negeri 2 Palembang berpisah dari SMA Negeri 1 Palembang dan berdiri sendiri, yang kemudian memiliki gedung sendiri di Jl. Puncak Sekuning No. 84, Kelurahan Lorok Pakjo, Kecamatan Ilir Barat I, Palembang.","translated_text":"Then in 1957, Palembang State High School 2 separated from Palembang State High School 1 and established itself, which later had its own building at Jl. Puncak Sekuning No. 84, Kelurahan Lorok Pakjo, I I West I district, Palembang.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Berdirinya SMA Negeri 2 Palembang ini didukung oleh KODAM IV/Sriwijaya (saat ini KODAM II/Sriwijaya) dan berkat usaha yang gigih serta ridho dari Allah SWT., hingga kini SMA Negeri 2 Palembang masih tetap berdiri bahkan semakin maju dengan pesat.","translated_text":"Established by KODAM IV/Sriwijaya (now KODAM II/Sriwijaya) and thanks to God's constant efforts and guidance, Palembang State Secondary School is still standing today.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Daftar Kepala Sekolah (1957-saat ini): S.A. Sitohang (1957-1958)","translated_text":"List of Principals (1957-present): S.A. Sitohang (1957-1958)","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Isa Abbas (1958-1960)","translated_text":"Jesus Abbas (1958-1960)","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Awaluddin Rasyid (1960-1975) Drs. M. Lamsari (1975-1982) A. Gani Ismail (1982-1988) Abdul Chalik Rosyad, B.A. (1988-1993) Bustomi Manan, B.A. (10 Februari 1993 s.d. 5 Agustus 1993) Drs. Baiduri Sersan (6 Agustus 1993 s.d. 14 Agustus 1995) Drs. Marhaen Achmad (15 Agustus 1995 s.d. 14 Maret 1996) Drs. H. M. Nazir Cikdung, S.H. (15 Maret 1996 s.d. 5 Agustus 1998) Drs. Muchammad Alwi Zainuddin (6 Agustus 1998 s.d. 25 Januari 2002) Drs. Purwira Zainuddin (26 Januari 2002 s.d. 19 Juni 2003) Asmawati, S.Pd.","translated_text":"Awaluddin Rasyid (1960-1975) Drs. M. Lamsari (1975-1982) A. Gani Ismail (1982-1988) Abdul Chalik Rosyad, B.A. (1988-1993) Bustomi Manan, B.A. (10 February 1993 s.d. 5 August 1993) Drs. Baiduri Sersan (6 August 1993 s.d. 14 August 1995) Drs. Marhaen Achmad (15 August 1995 s.d. 14 March 1996) Drs. H. M. Nazir Cikdung, S.H. (15 March 1996 s.d. 5 August 1998) Drs. Muchammad Alwi Zainuddin (6 August 1998 s.d. 25 January 2002) Drs. Pur Zainuddin (26 January 2002 s.d. 19 June 2003) Asma, S.Pd.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"(20 Juni 2003 s.d. 29 Desember 2004) Napi'ah, S.Pd.","translated_text":"(June 20, 2003 s.d. December 29, 2004) Napi'ah, S.Pd.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"(29 Desember 2004 s.d. 12 Februari 2006) Dra. Hj","translated_text":"(December 29, 2004 s.d. February 12, 2006)","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":". Amizia, M.Pd.","translated_text":"Amizia, M.P.D.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"(13 Februari 2006 s.d. 2010) Dra. Hj. Erliana, M.M. (2010 s.d. Oktober 2012) Dra. Hj","translated_text":"He was born on February 13, 2006 in Erliana, M.M. (2010 in October 2012) Dr. Hj.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":". Sugiahati, M.M. (Oktober 2012 s.d. April 2015) Drs. Syamsul Bachri, M.Si.","translated_text":"He is also a member of the Board of Directors.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"(April 2015 s.d. Desember 2019) Rosidah, S.Pd., M.Si.","translated_text":"(April 2015 s.d. December 2019) Rosidah, S.Pd., M.Si.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"(Desember 2019 s.d. September 2020) Marphudok, S.Pd., M.Pd.","translated_text":"(December 2019 to September 2020) Marphudok, S.Pd., M.Pd.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"(September 2020 s.d. Sekarang)","translated_text":"(September 2020 s.d. now)","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Pengurus","translated_text":"The manager","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kepala Sekolah: Marphudok, S.Pd., M.Pd.","translated_text":"Head of school: Marphudok, S.Pd., M.Pd.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Wakil Kepala Sekolah: Waka Kurikulum : Wiwiek Endah Noviyanti, S.Si.","translated_text":"Deputy Head of School: Waka Curriculum: Wiwiek Endah Noviyanti, S.Si.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Waka Kesiswaan : Mustika, S.Pd., M.Si.","translated_text":"I'm not going to tell you anything.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Waka Humas : Sabar Sihombing, S.Pd., M.Pd.","translated_text":"I'm not going to tell you what I'm doing.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Waka Sarana dan Prasarana : Edi Sumarno, S.Pd.","translated_text":"Waka Sarana and Infrastructure: Edi Sumarno, S.Pd.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Waka Penjaminan Mutu: Wardiyah, S.Pd., M.Si.","translated_text":"Wardiyah, S.P.D., M.Si.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kepala Tata Usaha : Desma Nita Lia, A.Md.","translated_text":"Head of Enterprise: Desma Nita Lia, A.M.d.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Organisasi-Ekskul","translated_text":"Exclusive organizations","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Organisasi:","translated_text":"The organization:","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Organisasi Siswa Intra Sekolah (OSIS) Managemen.","translated_text":"Intra-school student organization (OSIS) management.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Ikatan Bujang Gadis SMA Negeri 2 Palembang (Bujang Gadis DUPA/BGD).","translated_text":"Bujang Gadis SMA Negeri 2 Palembang (Bujang Gadis DUPA/BGD) was established.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Ekstrakurikuler (EKSKUL):","translated_text":"Extracurricular (EXCUL):","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ROHIS Al-Hidayah (Rohani Islam).","translated_text":"The spirit of Al-Hidayah (Islamic spirit).","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"PASSMANDA (Pasukan Khusus SMA Negeri 2 Palembang).","translated_text":"PASSMANDA (Special Forces High School 2 Palembang).","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"PKS SMANDUPA (Patroli Keamanan Sekolah).","translated_text":"It's the school security patrol.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"PAMADUPA (Palang Merah Remaja).","translated_text":"The Red Cross.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"KIR SMANDUPA (Kelompok Ilmiah Remaja).","translated_text":"KIR SMANDUPA (Teenage Scientists Group).","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"AKTUALITAS SMANDUPA (Aktivitas Tulisan Aktual Lintas Siswa).","translated_text":"AUTHORITY of the School (Student Traffic Actual Writing Activity).","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"MADUPA (Majalah Dinding SMANDUPA).","translated_text":"Read the walls.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"EC SMANDUPA (English Club).","translated_text":"The English Club.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Adiwiyata SMANDUPA.","translated_text":"The goddess of everything.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"PS DUPA (Futsal).","translated_text":"PS DUPA (Futsal)","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Volly.","translated_text":"Volly.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Badminton.","translated_text":"The badminton.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Taekwondo.","translated_text":"The taekwondo.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Tapak Suci.","translated_text":"The Holy Land.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"GRIWA (Basketball).","translated_text":"GRIWA (basketball)","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Senam.","translated_text":"It's a workout.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Sanggar Mentari SMANDUPA (Seni Tari).","translated_text":"The art of dance.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"VG (Vocal Grup).","translated_text":"VG (vocal group).","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Band.","translated_text":"The band.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Theater.","translated_text":"The theater.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"PRASDUPA (Praja Muda Karana/PRAMUKA).","translated_text":"PRASDUPA (Young King of Karana/PRAMUKA).","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Mars SMANDUPA","translated_text":"The first Mars.","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Marilah naik ke puncak,","translated_text":"Let's go up to the top,","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Puncak tempat cita-citaku,","translated_text":"The top of my goal,","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Puncak SMA 2.","translated_text":"Top of high school 2.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Marilah menuntut ilmu,","translated_text":"Let us demand the science,","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Ilmu untuk bangsaku.","translated_text":"Science for my people.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kujunjung SMA NEGERI 2,","translated_text":"I'm going to NEGERI 2 high school.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Nama almamaterku.","translated_text":"My mother's name.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Hiduplah SMA NEGERI 2,","translated_text":"Live the NEGERI 2 high school,","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Hiduplah almamaterku.","translated_text":"My mother is alive.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Alumni","translated_text":"Alumni","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Taufiq Kiemas , Ketua MPR-RI Masa Bakti 2009-2014.","translated_text":"Taufiq Kiemas, Chairman of MPR-RI from 2009 to 2014.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Tito Karnavian , Menteri Dalam Negeri Masa Bakti 2019-2024 dan Kepala Kepolisian Republik Indonesia Masa Jabatan 2016-2019.","translated_text":"Tito Karnavian, Minister of Internal Affairs 2019-2024 and Chief of Police of the Republic of Indonesia 2016-2019.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"I Made Mangku Pastika , Gubernur Provinsi Bali Masa Bakti 2008-2013 dan 2013-2018.","translated_text":"I Made Mangku Pastika, Governor of the Province of Bali for the years 2008-2013 and 2013-2018.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Beni Hernedi , Wakil Bupati Musi Banyuasin.","translated_text":"Beni Hernedi, Deputy Mayor of the Municipality.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Fitrianti Agustinda , Wakil Walikota Palembang Masa Bakti 2016-2018 dan 2018-2023.","translated_text":"Fitrianti Agustinda, Deputy Mayor of Palembang from 2016 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2023.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"SN Prana Putra Sohe, Wali Kota Lubuklinggau 2013-2023","translated_text":"SN Prana Putra Sohe, Mayor of Lubuklinggau from 2013 to 2023","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Referensi","translated_text":"References","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"heading","text":"Pranala luar","translated_text":"External connections","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Situs web resmi SMAN 2 Palembang","translated_text":"The official website of SMAN 2 Palembang","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130914065437/http://www.sman2palembang.sch.id/ |date=2013-09-14 }}","char_index":32,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20130914065437/http://www.sman2palembang.sch.id/","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:26:55.801474-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is 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Simalungun|τ]]","hash":"ab78ea1eeb57ed020d28bbd742e795e28132d37c36de016ef21d547b3dff6529","last_revision":"2023-09-01T14:13:21Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T11:08:30Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:14.132404","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"{{PAGENAME}} τ\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"{{PAGENAME}} τ","translated_text":"What is it?","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Girsang, Girsang Sipangan Bolon, Simalungun","wikicode":"{{kelurahan\n|peta =\n|foto = Kel. Girsang, Girsang Sipangan Bolon, Simalungun.jpg\n|keterangan = Kantor Kelurahan Girsang\n|nama = Girsang\n|provinsi = Sumatera Utara\n|dati2 = Kabupaten\n|nama dati2 = Simalungun\n|kecamatan = Girsang Sipangan Bolon\n|kode pos =21174\n|luas = 36.00 km2{{cite web|url=https://gis.dukcapil.kemendagri.go.id/peta/|title=Visualisasi Data Kependudukan - Kementerian Dalam Negeri 2020|website=www.dukcapil.kemendagri.go.id|accessdate=18 Agustus 2021|archive-date=2022-07-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220705211227/http://gis.dukcapil.kemendagri.go.id/peta/|dead-url=no}}\n|penduduk = 2,634 jiwa ([[2021]])\n|kepadatan = 72.00 jiwa/km2\n}}\n\n'''Girsang''' adalah sebuah [[kelurahan]] di kecamatan [[Girsang Sipangan Bolon, Simalungun|Girsang Sipangan Bolon]], [[Kabupaten Simalungun]], [[Sumatera Utara]], [[Indonesia]].\n\n== Pemerintahan ==\nKelurahan Girsang terdiri dari Lingkungan:\n* Girsang I\n* Girsang II\n\n== Demografi ==\n===Suku===\nMayoritas penduduk Kelurahan Girsang adalah suku [[Suku Batak Toba|Batak Toba]].\n\n=== Agama ===\nMayoritas penduduk Kelurahan Girsang memeluk agama [[Kristen]].\n{{bar box\n|title=Agama di Kelurahan Girsang (2021){{cite web|url=https://gis.dukcapil.kemendagri.go.id/peta/|title=Visualisasi Data Kependudukan - Kementerian Dalam Negeri 2020|website=www.dukcapil.kemendagri.go.id|accessdate=01 Agustus 2022|archive-date=2022-07-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220705211227/http://gis.dukcapil.kemendagri.go.id/peta/|dead-url=no}}\n|titlebar=#ddd\n|left1=Agama\n|right1=Persen\n|float=left\n|bars=\n{{bar percent|[[Islam]]|green|2.87}}\n{{bar percent|[[Protestanisme|Kristen Protestan]]|blue|72.29}}\n{{bar percent|[[Katolik|Kristen Katolik]]|yellow|24.84}}\n{{bar percent|[[Agama Hindu|Hindu]]|red|0.00}}\n{{bar percent|[[Buddhisme|Buddha]]|grey|0.00}}\n{{bar percent|[[Agama Konghucu|Konghucu]]|white|0.00}}\n{{bar percent|[[Agama asli Nusantara|Kepercayaan terhadap Tuhan YME]]|black|0.00}}\n}}{{clear}}\n\n== Galeri ==\n\nKecamatan Girsang Sipangan Bolon, Simalungun.jpg|Kantor Kecamatan Girsang Sipangan Bolon di Kelurahan Girsang\nHKBP Girsang, Res. Parapat (01).jpg|Gereja [[HKBP Distrik V Sumatera Timur|HKBP Girsang]]\n\n\n== Referensi ==\n{{reflist}}\n\n{{Girsang Sipangan Bolon, Simalungun}}\n{{Authority control}}\n\n\n{{Kelurahan-stub}}","hash":"752de60cc83aa3c6e20751d436c06ba54d089a6a09016b284ca357e2d9bfbc64","last_revision":"2023-09-21T12:53:08Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T11:22:08Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:14.194211","cross_lingual_links":{"nl":"Girsang","su":"Girsang, Girsang Sipangan Bolon, Simalungun"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:48.630527","text":"Girsang adalah sebuah kelurahan di kecamatan Girsang Sipangan Bolon, Kabupaten Simalungun, Sumatera Utara, Indonesia.\n\nKelurahan Girsang terdiri dari Lingkungan: Girsang I Girsang II\n\nMayoritas penduduk Kelurahan Girsang adalah suku Batak Toba.\n\nMayoritas penduduk Kelurahan Girsang memeluk agama Kristen.\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Girsang adalah sebuah kelurahan di kecamatan Girsang Sipangan Bolon, Kabupaten Simalungun, Sumatera Utara, Indonesia.","translated_text":"Girsang is a town in the Girsang Sipangan Bolon district of Simalungun County, North Sumatra, Indonesia.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Pemerintahan","translated_text":"Governance","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kelurahan Girsang terdiri dari Lingkungan: Girsang I Girsang II","translated_text":"Kelurahan Girsang consists of the following communities: Girsang I Girsang II","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Demografi","translated_text":"The demographics","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"heading","text":"Suku","translated_text":"Tribe","level":3,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Mayoritas penduduk Kelurahan Girsang adalah suku Batak Toba.","translated_text":"The majority of the population of Kelurahan Girsang is the Batak Toba tribe.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Agama","translated_text":"Religion","level":3,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Mayoritas penduduk Kelurahan Girsang memeluk agama Kristen.","translated_text":"The majority of the inhabitants of Kelurahan Girsang are Christian.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Galeri","translated_text":"Gallery","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"heading","text":"Referensi","translated_text":"References","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Sibaganding, Girsang Sipangan Bolon, Simalungun","wikicode":"{{tempat lain|Sibaganding (disambiguasi)}}\n{{nagori\n|peta =\n|nama = Sibaganding\n|foto = Nag. Sibaganding, Girsang Sipangan Bolon, Simalungun.jpg\n|keterangan = Kantor Pangulu Nagori Sibaganding\n|provinsi = Sumatera Utara\n|dati2 = Kabupaten\n|nama dati2 = Simalungun\n|kecamatan = Girsang Sipangan Bolon\n|kode pos = 21174\n|luas = 23.00 km2{{cite web|url=https://gis.dukcapil.kemendagri.go.id/peta/|title=Visualisasi Data Kependudukan - Kementerian Dalam Negeri 2020|website=www.dukcapil.kemendagri.go.id|accessdate=18 Agustus 2021}}\n|penduduk = 1,990 jiwa ([[2021]]){{cite web|url=https://gis.dukcapil.kemendagri.go.id/peta/|title=Visualisasi Data Kependudukan - Kementerian Dalam Negeri 2020|website=www.dukcapil.kemendagri.go.id|accessdate=18 Agustus 2021}}\n|kepadatan = 85.00 jiwa/km2{{cite web|url=https://gis.dukcapil.kemendagri.go.id/peta/|title=Visualisasi Data Kependudukan - Kementerian Dalam Negeri 2020|website=www.dukcapil.kemendagri.go.id|accessdate=18 Agustus 2021}}\n}}\n\n'''Sibaganding''' adalah sebuah [[nagori]] di kecamatan [[Girsang, Girsang Sipangan Bolon, Simalungun|Girsang Sipangan Bolon]], [[Kabupaten Simalungun]], [[Sumatera Utara]], [[Indonesia]].\n\nDi Sibaganding terdapat Hutan Lindung Sibatu Loting yang di dalamnya banyak dihuni oleh habitat monyet-monyet liar.\n\n== Pemerintahan ==\nNagori Sibaganding terdiri dari Huta ''(dusun)'':\n* Hubuan\n* Panahatan\n* Said Dolok\n* Sibaganding\n* Sigaolgaol\n* Sileutu\n* Sualan\n* Tanjung Dolok\n\n== Demografi ==\n\n===Suku===\nMayoritas penduduk Kelurahan Sibaganding adalah suku [[Suku Batak Toba|Batak Toba]].\n\n=== Agama ===\nMayoritas penduduk Nagori Sibaganding memeluk agama [[Kristen]].\n{{bar box\n|title=Agama di Nagori Sibaganding (2021){{cite web|url=https://gis.dukcapil.kemendagri.go.id/peta/|title=Visualisasi Data Kependudukan - Kementerian Dalam Negeri 2020|website=www.dukcapil.kemendagri.go.id|accessdate=01 Agustus 2022}}\n|titlebar=#ddd\n|left1=Agama\n|right1=Persen\n|float=left\n|bars=\n{{bar percent|[[Islam]]|green|16.72}}\n{{bar percent|[[Protestanisme|Kristen Protestan]]|blue|54.42}}\n{{bar percent|[[Katolik|Kristen Katolik]]|yellow|28.86}}\n{{bar percent|[[Agama Hindu|Hindu]]|red|0.00}}\n{{bar percent|[[Buddhisme|Buddha]]|grey|0.00}}\n{{bar percent|[[Agama Konghucu|Konghucu]]|white|0.00}}\n{{bar percent|[[Agama asli Nusantara|Kepercayaan terhadap Tuhan YME]]|black|0.00}}\n}}{{clear}}\n\n== Galeri ==\n\n\nHKBP Pardomuan, Res. Parapat.jpg|jmpl|Gereja [[HKBP Distrik V Sumatera Timur|HKBP Pardomuan]] di Nagori Sibaganding\n\n\n== Referensi ==\n{{reflist}}\n\n{{Girsang Sipangan Bolon, Simalungun}}\n\n\n{{desa-stub}}","hash":"61646a4f639605444a653fd21cee03369788ec846d015888fac77221b76bf64e","last_revision":"2023-08-10T10:23:52Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T11:26:46Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:14.248797","cross_lingual_links":{"nl":"Sibaganding (Girsang Sipangan Bolon)","su":"Sabaganding, Girsang Sipangan Bolon, Simalungun"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:48.630527","text":"Sibaganding adalah sebuah nagori di kecamatan Girsang Sipangan Bolon, Kabupaten Simalungun, Sumatera Utara, Indonesia.\n\nDi Sibaganding terdapat Hutan Lindung Sibatu Loting yang di dalamnya banyak dihuni oleh habitat monyet-monyet liar.\n\nNagori Sibaganding terdiri dari Huta (dusun): Hubuan Panahatan Said Dolok Sibaganding Sigaolgaol Sileutu Sualan Tanjung Dolok\n\nMayoritas penduduk Kelurahan Sibaganding adalah suku Batak Toba.\n\nMayoritas penduduk Nagori Sibaganding memeluk agama Kristen.\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Sibaganding adalah sebuah nagori di kecamatan Girsang Sipangan Bolon, Kabupaten Simalungun, Sumatera Utara, Indonesia.","translated_text":"Sibaganding is a town in the Girsang Sipangan Bolon district of Simalungun County, North Sumatra, Indonesia.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Di Sibaganding terdapat Hutan Lindung Sibatu Loting yang di dalamnya banyak dihuni oleh habitat monyet-monyet liar.","translated_text":"In Sibaganding there is the Loting Silk Forest inhabited by wild monkey habitats.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Pemerintahan","translated_text":"Governance","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Nagori Sibaganding terdiri dari Huta (dusun):","translated_text":"Nagori Sibaganding is composed of Huta (dusun):","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Hubuan Panahatan Said Dolok Sibaganding Sigaolgaol Sileutu Sualan Tanjung Dolok","translated_text":"I'm not sure if I'm going to be able to do it.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Demografi","translated_text":"The demographics","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"heading","text":"Suku","translated_text":"Tribe","level":3,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Mayoritas penduduk Kelurahan Sibaganding adalah suku Batak Toba.","translated_text":"The majority of the population of Sibaganding Kelurahan is the Batak Toba tribe.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Agama","translated_text":"Religion","level":3,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Mayoritas penduduk Nagori Sibaganding memeluk agama Kristen.","translated_text":"The majority of Nagori's inhabitants adhere to Christianity.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Galeri","translated_text":"Gallery","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"heading","text":"Referensi","translated_text":"References","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Sipangan Bolon, Girsang Sipangan Bolon, Simalungun","wikicode":"{{nagori\n|peta =\n|nama = Sipangan Bolon\n|provinsi = Sumatera Utara\n|foto = Nag. Sipangan Bolon, Girsang Sipangan Bolon, Simalungun.jpg\n|keterangan = Kantor Pangulu Nagori Sipangan Bolon\n|dati2 = Kabupaten\n|nama dati2 = Simalungun\n|kecamatan = Girsang Sipangan Bolon\n|kode pos = 21174\n|luas = 24.00 km2{{cite web|url=https://gis.dukcapil.kemendagri.go.id/peta/|title=Visualisasi Data Kependudukan - Kementerian Dalam Negeri 2020|website=www.dukcapil.kemendagri.go.id|accessdate=18 Agustus 2021}}\n|penduduk = 1,364 jiwa ([[2021]]){{cite web|url=https://gis.dukcapil.kemendagri.go.id/peta/|title=Visualisasi Data Kependudukan - Kementerian Dalam Negeri 2020|website=www.dukcapil.kemendagri.go.id|accessdate=18 Agustus 2021}}\n|kepadatan = 56.00 jiwa/km2{{cite web|url=https://gis.dukcapil.kemendagri.go.id/peta/|title=Visualisasi Data Kependudukan - Kementerian Dalam Negeri 2020|website=www.dukcapil.kemendagri.go.id|accessdate=18 Agustus 2021}}\n}}\n\n'''Sipangan Bolon''' adalah sebuah [[nagori]] di kecamatan [[Girsang, Girsang Sipangan Bolon, Simalungun|Girsang Sipangan Bolon]], [[Kabupaten Simalungun]], [[Sumatera Utara]], [[Indonesia]].\n\nNagori Sipangan Bolon sebelah utara berbatasan dengan Kecamatan Tanah Jawa, ke sebelah timur dan selatan berbatasan dengan [[Kabupaten Toba]] dan ke sebelah barat berbatasan dengan kelurahan Girsang. Sipangan bolon berjarak sekitar 8 km dari kota [[Parapat, Girsang Sipangan Bolon, Simalungun|Parapat]], ibu kota kecamatan, 40 km dari kota [[Pematangsiantar]], ibu kota kabupaten dan sekitar 182 km dari kota [[Kota Medan|Medan]], ibu kota provinsi.\n\n== Pemerintahan ==\nNagori Sipangan Bolon terdiri dari Huta ''(dusun)'':\n* Sosorgala-gala\n* Paropo\n* Sibuntuon\n* Siborotan\n* Sitabu\n* Simandalahi\n* Suhut Maraja\n* Simaibang\n* Sosor Galung\n* Sosor Pokki\n* Paras\n* Sosor Dolok\n\n== Demografi ==\n===Suku===\nMayoritas penduduk Nagori Sipangan Bolon adalah suku [[Suku Batak Toba|Batak Toba]] dan marga mayoritas adalah [[Sinaga]].\n\n=== Agama ===\nMayoritas penduduk Nagori Sipangan Bolon memeluk agama [[Kristen]].\n{{bar box\n|title=Agama di Nagori Sipangan Bolon (2021){{cite web|url=https://gis.dukcapil.kemendagri.go.id/peta/|title=Visualisasi Data Kependudukan - Kementerian Dalam Negeri 2020|website=www.dukcapil.kemendagri.go.id|accessdate=01 Agustus 2022}}\n|titlebar=#ddd\n|left1=Agama\n|right1=Persen\n|float=left\n|bars=\n{{bar percent|[[Islam]]|green|6.92}}\n{{bar percent|[[Protestanisme|Kristen Protestan]]|blue|83.22}}\n{{bar percent|[[Katolik|Kristen Katolik]]|yellow|9.86}}\n{{bar percent|[[Agama Hindu|Hindu]]|red|0.00}}\n{{bar percent|[[Buddhisme|Buddha]]|grey|0.00}}\n{{bar percent|[[Agama Konghucu|Konghucu]]|white|0.00}}\n{{bar percent|[[Agama asli Nusantara|Kepercayaan terhadap Tuhan YME]]|black|0.00}}\n}}{{clear}}\n\n== Galeri ==\n\nHKBP Sipangan Bolon, Res. Sipangan Bolon.jpg|Gereja [[HKBP Distrik V Sumatera Timur|HKBP Sipangan Bolon]]\n\n\n== Referensi ==\n{{reflist}}\n\n{{Girsang Sipangan Bolon, Simalungun}}\n{{desa-stub}}","hash":"0a9197b6775933af7dc216916ef570bbf5070790d674d785a3777f07ee47fcb9","last_revision":"2023-10-31T02:54:50Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T11:27:56Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:14.310672","cross_lingual_links":{"nl":"Sipangan Bolon","su":"Sipangan Bolon, Girsang Sipangan Bolon, Simalungun"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:48.630527","text":"Sipangan Bolon adalah sebuah nagori di kecamatan Girsang Sipangan Bolon, Kabupaten Simalungun, Sumatera Utara, Indonesia.\n\nNagori Sipangan Bolon sebelah utara berbatasan dengan Kecamatan Tanah Jawa, ke sebelah timur dan selatan berbatasan dengan Kabupaten Toba dan ke sebelah barat berbatasan dengan kelurahan Girsang. Sipangan bolon berjarak sekitar 8 km dari kota Parapat, ibu kota kecamatan, 40 km dari kota Pematangsiantar, ibu kota kabupaten dan sekitar 182 km dari kota Medan, ibu kota provinsi.\n\nNagori Sipangan Bolon terdiri dari Huta (dusun): Sosorgala-gala Paropo Sibuntuon Siborotan Sitabu Simandalahi Suhut Maraja Simaibang Sosor Galung Sosor Pokki Paras Sosor Dolok\n\nMayoritas penduduk Nagori Sipangan Bolon adalah suku Batak Toba dan marga mayoritas adalah Sinaga.\n\nMayoritas penduduk Nagori Sipangan Bolon memeluk agama Kristen.\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Sipangan Bolon adalah sebuah nagori di kecamatan Girsang Sipangan Bolon, Kabupaten Simalungun, Sumatera Utara, Indonesia.","translated_text":"Sipangan Bolon is a town in the Girsang District of Sipangan Bolon, Simalungun County, North Sumatra, Indonesia.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Nagori Sipangan Bolon sebelah utara berbatasan dengan Kecamatan Tanah Jawa, ke sebelah timur dan selatan berbatasan dengan Kabupaten Toba dan ke sebelah barat berbatasan dengan kelurahan Girsang.","translated_text":"Nagori Sipangan Bolon is bordered to the north by Tanah Jawa District, to the east and south by Toba District and to the west by Girsang Kelurahan.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Sipangan bolon berjarak sekitar 8 km dari kota Parapat, ibu kota kecamatan, 40 km dari kota Pematangsiantar, ibu kota kabupaten dan sekitar 182 km dari kota Medan, ibu kota provinsi.","translated_text":"Sipangan bolon is about 8 km from Parapat, the district capital, 40 km from Pematangsiantar, the district capital and about 182 km from Medan, the provincial capital.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Pemerintahan","translated_text":"Governance","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Nagori Sipangan Bolon terdiri dari Huta (dusun):","translated_text":"The Nagori Sipangan Bolon is composed of Huta (dusun):","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Sosorgala-gala Paropo Sibuntuon Siborotan Sitabu Simandalahi Suhut Maraja Simaibang Sosor Galung Sosor Pokki Paras Sosor Dolok","translated_text":"Sourgala-gala Paropo Sibuntuon Siborotan Sitabu Simandalahi Suhut Maraja Simaibang Sosor Galung Sosor Pokki Paras Sosor Dolok","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Demografi","translated_text":"The demographics","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"heading","text":"Suku","translated_text":"Tribe","level":3,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Mayoritas penduduk Nagori Sipangan Bolon adalah suku Batak Toba dan marga mayoritas adalah Sinaga.","translated_text":"The majority of the population of Nagori Sipangan Bolon is the Batak Toba tribe and the majority is Sinaga.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Agama","translated_text":"Religion","level":3,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Mayoritas penduduk Nagori Sipangan Bolon memeluk agama Kristen.","translated_text":"The majority of the population of Nagori Sipangan Bolon embraces Christianity.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Galeri","translated_text":"Gallery","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"heading","text":"Referensi","translated_text":"References","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Tiga Raja, Girsang Sipangan Bolon, Simalungun","wikicode":"{{kelurahan\n|peta =\n|foto = Kel. Tiga Raja, Girsang Sipangan Bolon, Simalungun.jpg\n|keterangan = Kantor Kelurahan Tiga Raja\n|nama = Tigaraja\n|provinsi = Sumatera Utara\n|dati2 = Kabupaten\n|nama dati2 = Simalungun\n|kecamatan = Girsang Sipangan Bolon\n|kode pos = 21174\n|luas = 7.00 km2{{cite web|url=https://gis.dukcapil.kemendagri.go.id/peta/|title=Visualisasi Data Kependudukan - Kementerian Dalam Negeri 2020|website=www.dukcapil.kemendagri.go.id|accessdate=18 Agustus 2021}}\n|penduduk = 2,248 jiwa ([[2021]]){{cite web|url=https://gis.dukcapil.kemendagri.go.id/peta/|title=Visualisasi Data Kependudukan - Kementerian Dalam Negeri 2020|website=www.dukcapil.kemendagri.go.id|accessdate=18 Agustus 2021}}\n|kepadatan = 300.00 jiwa/km2{{cite web|url=https://gis.dukcapil.kemendagri.go.id/peta/|title=Visualisasi Data Kependudukan - Kementerian Dalam Negeri 2020|website=www.dukcapil.kemendagri.go.id|accessdate=18 Agustus 2021}}\n}}\n\n'''Tigaraja''' adalah sebuah [[kelurahan]] di kecamatan [[Girsang, Girsang Sipangan Bolon, Simalungun|Girsang Sipangan Bolon]], [[Kabupaten Simalungun]], [[Sumatera Utara]], [[Indonesia]].\n\n== Geografi ==\n=== Batas Wilayah ===\nKelurahan Tigaraja berbatasan dengan [[Parapat, Girsang Sipangan Bolon, Simalungun|Kelurahan Parapat]] dan [[Ajibata, Toba|Kecamatan Ajibata]], [[Kabupaten Toba]].\n\n== Pemerintahan ==\nKelurahan Tigaraja terdiri dari Lingkungan:\n* [[Siburakburak]]\n* [[Tigaraja]]\n* [[Kampung Kristen]]\n\n== Demografi ==\n\n===Suku===\nMayoritas penduduk Kelurahan Tiga Raja adalah suku [[Suku Batak Toba|Batak Toba]].\n\n=== Agama ===\nMayoritas penduduk Kelurahan Tigaraja memeluk agama [[Kristen]].\nDi Kelurahan Tigaraja terdapat gereja [[HKBP Distrik V Sumatera Timur|HKBP Parapat]] dan Gereja [[Katolik]] Paroki St. Fidelis yang terletak di lingkungan Kampung Kristen. \n{{bar box\n|title=Agama di Kelurahan Tigaraja (2021){{cite web|url=https://gis.dukcapil.kemendagri.go.id/peta/|title=Visualisasi Data Kependudukan - Kementerian Dalam Negeri 2020|website=www.dukcapil.kemendagri.go.id|accessdate=01 Agustus 2022}}\n|titlebar=#ddd\n|left1=Agama\n|right1=Persen\n|float=left\n|bars=\n{{bar percent|[[Islam]]|green|13.68}}\n{{bar percent|[[Protestanisme|Kristen Protestan]]|blue|77.14}}\n{{bar percent|[[Katolik|Kristen Katolik]]|yellow|8.56}}\n{{bar percent|[[Agama Hindu|Hindu]]|red|0.00}}\n{{bar percent|[[Buddhisme|Buddha]]|grey|0.62}}\n{{bar percent|[[Agama Konghucu|Konghucu]]|white|0.00}}\n{{bar percent|[[Agama asli Nusantara|Kepercayaan terhadap Tuhan YME]]|black|0.00}}\n}}{{clear}}\n\n=== Pendidikan ===\nDi Kelurahan Tigaraja terdapat satu unit [[Sekolah menengah pertama|SMP]].\n\n== Sarana & prasarana ==\nKelurahan Tigaraja merupakan pemukiman padat penduduk beserta dengan Jalan Haranggaol Siburakburak.\n\nDi Tigaraja terdapat [[dermaga]] [[perahu motor]] yang akan mengantarkan penumpang menuju [[Pulau Samosir]].\n\nDiwilayah Siburakburak terdapat ikon wisata kota [[Parapat, Girsang Sipangan Bolon, Simalungun|Parapat]] seperti:\n* Pantai Umum\n* Pesanggrahan Bung Karno\n* Open stage Pagoda\n* Dolok Sipiak\n* Mercusuar\n\nTerdapat pula beberapa hotel, homestay, Restoran, dan mess seperti, Grand Tamaro, Darma Agung, Danau Toba International Cottage, Harapanis Yes, I and You, Aek sere, Mars, Star, Hosmestay Yolanda, Orange, Murni Inn, Mess [[TNI AD]], Mess Bhayangkara, Beberapa Mess [[PTPN]], dan beberapa mess swasta.\n\n== Referensi ==\n{{reflist}}\n\n{{Girsang Sipangan Bolon, Simalungun}}\n{{Authority control}}\n\n\n{{Kelurahan-stub}}","hash":"06a3b9cd6b3fad99a8eb77db941aa600957cec377358d604c9b04cd096430874","last_revision":"2023-09-28T11:51:30Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T11:30:09Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:14.371349","cross_lingual_links":{"nl":"Tiga Raja","su":"Tiga Raja, Girsang Sipangan Bolon, Simalungun"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:48.630527","text":"Tigaraja adalah sebuah kelurahan di kecamatan Girsang Sipangan Bolon, Kabupaten Simalungun, Sumatera Utara, Indonesia.\n\nKelurahan Tigaraja berbatasan dengan Kelurahan Parapat dan Kecamatan Ajibata, Kabupaten Toba.\n\nKelurahan Tigaraja terdiri dari Lingkungan: Siburakburak Tigaraja Kampung Kristen\n\nMayoritas penduduk Kelurahan Tiga Raja adalah suku Batak Toba.\n\nMayoritas penduduk Kelurahan Tigaraja memeluk agama Kristen. Di Kelurahan Tigaraja terdapat gereja HKBP Parapat dan Gereja Katolik Paroki St. Fidelis yang terletak di lingkungan Kampung Kristen.\n\nDi Kelurahan Tigaraja terdapat satu unit SMP.\n\nKelurahan Tigaraja merupakan pemukiman padat penduduk beserta dengan Jalan Haranggaol Siburakburak.\n\nDi Tigaraja terdapat dermaga perahu motor yang akan mengantarkan penumpang menuju Pulau Samosir.\n\nDiwilayah Siburakburak terdapat ikon wisata kota Parapat seperti: Pantai Umum Pesanggrahan Bung Karno Open stage Pagoda Dolok Sipiak Mercusuar\n\nTerdapat pula beberapa hotel, homestay, Restoran, dan mess seperti, Grand Tamaro, Darma Agung, Danau Toba International Cottage, Harapanis Yes, I and You, Aek sere, Mars, Star, Hosmestay Yolanda, Orange, Murni Inn, Mess TNI AD, Mess Bhayangkara, Beberapa Mess PTPN, dan beberapa mess swasta.\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Tigaraja adalah sebuah kelurahan di kecamatan Girsang Sipangan Bolon, Kabupaten Simalungun, Sumatera Utara, Indonesia.","translated_text":"Tigaraja is a kelurahan in the Girsang Sipangan Bolon district of Simalungun County, North Sumatra, Indonesia.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Geografi","translated_text":"Geography","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"heading","text":"Batas Wilayah","translated_text":"Territorial boundaries","level":3,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kelurahan Tigaraja berbatasan dengan Kelurahan Parapat dan Kecamatan Ajibata, Kabupaten Toba.","translated_text":"Kelurahan Tigaraja is bordered by Parapat Kelurahan and Ajibata District, Toba County.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Pemerintahan","translated_text":"Governance","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kelurahan Tigaraja terdiri dari Lingkungan: Siburakburak Tigaraja Kampung Kristen","translated_text":"Kelurahan Tigaraja is made up of neighborhoods: Siburakburak Tigaraja Christian Village","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Demografi","translated_text":"The demographics","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"heading","text":"Suku","translated_text":"Tribe","level":3,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Mayoritas penduduk Kelurahan Tiga Raja adalah suku Batak Toba.","translated_text":"The majority of Kelurahan Three Kings' inhabitants are the Batak Toba tribe.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Agama","translated_text":"Religion","level":3,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Mayoritas penduduk Kelurahan Tigaraja memeluk agama Kristen.","translated_text":"The majority of the population of Kelurahan Tigaraja embraces Christianity.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Di Kelurahan Tigaraja terdapat gereja HKBP Parapat dan Gereja Katolik Paroki St. Fidelis yang terletak di lingkungan Kampung Kristen.","translated_text":"In Kelurahan Tigaraja there is the HKBP Parapat church and St. Fidelis Parish Catholic Church located in the Christian Village neighborhood.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Pendidikan","translated_text":"Education","level":3,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Di Kelurahan Tigaraja terdapat satu unit SMP.","translated_text":"In Kelurahan Tigaraja there is one high school unit.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Sarana & prasarana","translated_text":"Facilities and infrastructure","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kelurahan Tigaraja merupakan pemukiman padat penduduk beserta dengan Jalan Haranggaol Siburakburak.","translated_text":"Kelurahan Tigaraja is a densely populated settlement along with Haranggaol Siburakburak Road.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Di Tigaraja terdapat dermaga perahu motor yang akan mengantarkan penumpang menuju Pulau Samosir.","translated_text":"At Tigaraja there is a motorboat pier that will transport passengers to the island of Samosir.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Diwilayah Siburakburak terdapat ikon wisata kota Parapat seperti: Pantai Umum Pesanggrahan Bung Karno Open stage Pagoda Dolok Sipiak Mercusuar","translated_text":"In the Siburakburak region there is a tourist icon of the city of Parapat such as: Playa General Pesanggrahan Bung Karno Open stage Pagoda Dolok Sipiak Lighthouse","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Terdapat pula beberapa hotel, homestay, Restoran, dan mess seperti, Grand Tamaro, Darma Agung, Danau Toba International Cottage, Harapanis Yes, I and You, Aek sere, Mars, Star, Hosmestay Yolanda, Orange, Murni Inn, Mess TNI AD, Mess Bhayangkara, Beberapa Mess PTPN, dan beberapa mess swasta.","translated_text":"There are also some hotels, homestays, restaurants, and messes such as, Grand Tamaro, Darma Agung, Lake Toba International Cottage, Harapanis Yes, I and You, Aek sere, Mars, Star, Hosmestay Yolanda, Orange, Murni Inn, Mess TNI AD, Mess Bhayangkara, Several PTPN Mess, and some private messes.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Referensi","translated_text":"References","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"The Power of One (film)","wikicode":"{{Infobox Film\n|name = The Power of One\n|image = The Power of One (1992) promotional poster.jpg\n|caption = \n|director = [[John G. Avildsen]]\n|producer = [[Arnon Milchan]]\n|writer = \n|screenplay = [[Robert Mark Kamen]]\n|based_on = '''Novel:'''
[[Bryce Courtenay]]\n|starring = [[Stephen Dorff]]
[[Armin Mueller-Stahl]]
[[John Gielgud]]
[[Morgan Freeman]]
[[Daniel Craig]]\n|music = [[Hans Zimmer]]\n|editing = John G. Avildsen\n|cinematography = [[Dean Semler]]\n|studio = [[StudioCanal|Le Studio Canal+]]
[[Regency Enterprises]]
Alcor Films
[[Village Roadshow Pictures]]\n|distributor = [[Warner Bros.]]\n|released = {{Film date|1992|3|27}}\n|runtime = 127 menit\n|country = [[Amerika Serikat]]\n|awards =\n|language = [[Bahasa Inggris|Inggris]]\n|budget =\n|gross =\n}}\n'''''The Power of One''''' adalah sebuah [[film]] [[drama]] [[Amerika Serikat]] tahun [[1992]] yang berdasarkan [[The Power of One|novel di nama sama]] karya [[pengarang]] [[Bryce Courtenay]]. Film ini disutradarai oleh [[John G. Avildsen]] dengan naskah tulisan [[Robert Mark Kamen]]. Film ini dikenal untuk pemeran-pemerannya yang merupakan aktor-aktor bintang Amerika: [[Stephen Dorff]], [[Armin Mueller-Stahl]], [[John Gielgud]], [[Morgan Freeman]], dan [[Daniel Craig]]. Film ini diatur di [[Afrika Selatan]] pada tahun [[1930-an]] dan [[1940-an]], film ini berpusat pada kehidupan di Peter Philip 'P.K.' Kenneth-Keith, seorang anak muda [[Anglo-Afrika|Inggris]] muncul selama periode [[apartheid]], dan hubungannya dengan seorang pianis Jerman, seorang tahanan kulit hitam dan seorang pelatih tinju.\n\n== Pemeran ==\n* [[Stephen Dorff]] - PK, protagonis di usia 18.\n** [[Guy Withcer]] - PK di usia 7\n*** [[Simon Fenton]] - PK di usia 12\n* [[Armin Mueller-Stahl]] - Doc\n* [[John Gielgud]] - St. John, Guru kepala\n* [[Fay Masterson]] - Maria Marais\n* [[Morgan Freeman]] - Geel Piet\n* [[Daniel Craig]] - Sersan Jaapie Botha, antagonis utama\n** [[Robbie Bulloch]] - Botha di remaja\n* [[Dominic Walker]] - Morrie Gilbert\n* [[Alois Moyo]] - Gideon Duma\n* [[Marius Weyers]] - Profesor Daniel Marais\n* [[Clive Russell]] - Sersan Bormann\n* [[Nomadlozi Kubheka]] - pengasuh\n\n== Buku ==\nFilm ini berdasarkan di [[The Power of One|buku dengan nama yang sama]] oleh [[Bryce Courtenay]].\n\n== Soundtrack ==\n{{main|The Power of One (soundtrack)}}\n\n== Pranala luar ==\n* {{imdb judul|id=0105159|judul=The Power of One}}\n* {{en}} [http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/power_of_one/ ''The Power of One''] di [[Rotten Tomatoes]]\n\n[[Kategori:Film Amerika Serikat tahun 1992]]\n[[Kategori:Film drama]]\n[[Kategori:Film berbahasa Inggris]]\n\n\n{{AS-film-stub}}","hash":"6fa167fdbd1edf36e94b6342178cf06e516bd3b7f1ebfa45dba1df1877ae7bef","last_revision":"2022-11-26T07:13:27Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T11:40:37Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:14.425661","cross_lingual_links":{"ar":"ذا باور أوف ون","arz":"ذا باور اوف ون","bg":"Силата на един човек","ca":"The Power of One","cs":"Síla muže","cy":"The Power of One","de":"Im Glanz der Sonne","en":"The Power of One (film)","es":"The Power of One","eu":"The Power of One (filma)","fa":"قدرت فرد","fi":"Yksin kaikkia vastaan","fr":"La Puissance de l'ange","it":"La forza del singolo (film)","ja":"パワー・オブ・ワン","ko":"파워 오브 원","nl":"The Power of One","pl":"Zew wolności","pt":"The Power of One","ru":"Сила личности (фильм)","simple":"The Power of One (movie)","sv":"Ensam är stark"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:48.630527","text":"The Power of One adalah sebuah film drama Amerika Serikat tahun 1992 yang berdasarkan novel di nama sama karya pengarang Bryce Courtenay. Film ini disutradarai oleh John G. Avildsen dengan naskah tulisan Robert Mark Kamen. Film ini dikenal untuk pemeran-pemerannya yang merupakan aktor-aktor bintang Amerika: Stephen Dorff, Armin Mueller-Stahl, John Gielgud, Morgan Freeman, dan Daniel Craig. Film ini diatur di Afrika Selatan pada tahun 1930-an dan 1940-an, film ini berpusat pada kehidupan di Peter Philip 'P.K.' Kenneth-Keith, seorang anak muda Inggris muncul selama periode apartheid, dan hubungannya dengan seorang pianis Jerman, seorang tahanan kulit hitam dan seorang pelatih tinju.\n\nStephen Dorff - PK, protagonis di usia 18. Guy Withcer - PK di usia 7 Simon Fenton - PK di usia 12 Armin Mueller-Stahl - Doc John Gielgud - St. John, Guru kepala Fay Masterson - Maria Marais Morgan Freeman - Geel Piet Daniel Craig - Sersan Jaapie Botha, antagonis utama Robbie Bulloch - Botha di remaja Dominic Walker - Morrie Gilbert Alois Moyo - Gideon Duma Marius Weyers - Profesor Daniel Marais Clive Russell - Sersan Bormann Nomadlozi Kubheka - pengasuh\n\nFilm ini berdasarkan di buku dengan nama yang sama oleh Bryce Courtenay.\n\nThe Power of One di Rotten Tomatoes\n\nKategori:Film Amerika Serikat tahun 1992 Kategori:Film drama Kategori:Film berbahasa Inggris\n","elements":[{"type":"infobox","content":"{{Infobox Film\n|name = The Power of One\n|image = The Power of One (1992) promotional poster.jpg\n|caption = \n|director = [[John G. Avildsen]]\n|producer = [[Arnon Milchan]]\n|writer = \n|screenplay = [[Robert Mark Kamen]]\n|based_on = '''Novel:'''
[[Bryce Courtenay]]\n|starring = [[Stephen Dorff]]
[[Armin Mueller-Stahl]]
[[John Gielgud]]
[[Morgan Freeman]]
[[Daniel Craig]]\n|music = [[Hans Zimmer]]\n|editing = John G. Avildsen\n|cinematography = [[Dean Semler]]\n|studio = [[StudioCanal|Le Studio Canal+]]
[[Regency Enterprises]]
Alcor Films
[[Village Roadshow Pictures]]\n|distributor = [[Warner Bros.]]\n|released = {{Film date|1992|3|27}}\n|runtime = 127 menit\n|country = [[Amerika Serikat]]\n|awards =\n|language = [[Bahasa Inggris|Inggris]]\n|budget =\n|gross =\n}}"},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"The Power of One adalah sebuah film drama Amerika Serikat tahun 1992 yang berdasarkan novel di nama sama karya pengarang Bryce Courtenay.","translated_text":"The Power of One is a 1992 American drama film based on the novel of the same name by author Bryce Courtenay.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Film ini disutradarai oleh John G. Avildsen dengan naskah tulisan Robert Mark Kamen.","translated_text":"The film was directed by John G. Avildsen with a screenplay by Robert Mark Kamen.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Film ini dikenal untuk pemeran-pemerannya yang merupakan aktor-aktor bintang Amerika: Stephen Dorff, Armin Mueller-Stahl, John Gielgud, Morgan Freeman, dan Daniel Craig.","translated_text":"The film is known for its star-studded cast of American actors: Stephen Dorff, Armin Mueller-Stahl, John Gielgud, Morgan Freeman, and Daniel Craig.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Film ini diatur di Afrika Selatan pada tahun 1930-an dan 1940-an, film ini berpusat pada kehidupan di Peter Philip 'P.K.' Kenneth-Keith, seorang anak muda Inggris muncul selama periode apartheid, dan hubungannya dengan seorang pianis Jerman, seorang tahanan kulit hitam dan seorang pelatih tinju.","translated_text":"Set in South Africa in the 1930s and 1940s, the film centers on the life of Peter Philip 'P.K.' Kenneth-Keith, a young Englishman coming of age during the apartheid era, and his relationship with a German pianist, a black prisoner and a boxing trainer.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Pemeran","translated_text":"Actors","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Stephen Dorff - PK, protagonis di usia 18.","translated_text":"Stephen Dorff - PK, protagonist at the age of 18.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Guy Withcer - PK di usia 7 Simon Fenton - PK di usia 12 Armin Mueller-Stahl - Doc John Gielgud - St. John, Guru kepala Fay Masterson - Maria Marais Morgan Freeman - Geel Piet Daniel Craig - Sersan Jaapie Botha, antagonis utama Robbie Bulloch - Botha di remaja Dominic Walker - Morrie Gilbert Alois Moyo - Gideon Duma Marius Weyers - Profesor Daniel Marais Clive Russell - Sersan Bormann Nomadlozi Kubheka - pengasuh","translated_text":"Guy Withcer - PK at the age of 7 Simon Fenton - PK at the age of 12 Armin Mueller-Stahl - Doc John Gielgud - St. John, Head Teacher Fay Masterson - Maria Marais Morgan Freeman - Geel Piet Daniel Craig - Sergeant Jaapie Botha, main antagonist Robbie Bulloch - Botha in the teenage Dominic Walker - Morrie Gilbert Alois Moyo - Gideon Duma Marius Weyers - Professor Daniel Marais Clive Russell - Sergeant Bormann Nomadlozi Kubheka - the nanny","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Buku","translated_text":"The book","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Film ini berdasarkan di buku dengan nama yang sama oleh Bryce Courtenay.","translated_text":"The film is based on the book of the same name by Bryce Courtenay.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Soundtrack","translated_text":"The soundtrack","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"heading","text":"Pranala luar","translated_text":"External connections","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"The Power of One di Rotten Tomatoes","translated_text":"The Power of One on Rotten Tomatoes","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kategori:Film Amerika Serikat tahun 1992 Kategori:Film drama Kategori:Film berbahasa Inggris","translated_text":"Category:Films of the United States 1992 Category:Films of the United States 1992 Category:Films of the United States","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Pintu keluar sayap","wikicode":"'''Pintu keluar sayap''' dapat ditemui di pesawat penumpang untuk membantu [[evakuasi darurat|evakuasi]] penumpang lewat sayap, yaitu menggunakan [[tepi belakang sayap]] dengan cara meluncur di sirip sayap yang terbuka atau [[seluncuran evakuasi]] yang muncul ketika pintu keluar dibuka.\n\nDilihat dari ukurannya, pintu keluar sayap lebih kecil daripada [[pintu darurat]] standar pada [[pesawat terbang]], dan mengurangi kapasitas evakuasi. Pintu ini biasanya dipasang di pesawat yang kekurangan kapasitas evakuasi di pintu utama untuk memeroleh evakuasi selama 90 detik, tetapi penambahan pintu keluar berukuran penuh lainnya tidak diperlukan untuk mencapai target evakuasi yang ditentukan.\n\nPintu keluar sayap adalah pintu keluar yang dibuka dengan bantuan pribadi yang berarti dalam keadaan evakuasi darurat, penumpang yang duduk di samping pintu keluar tersebut bertanggungjawab dalam memertimbangkan bahaya di luar pesawat dan membuka pintu keluar.\n\n== Catatan kaki ==\n{{reflist|2}}\n\n{{Penerbangan komersial}}\n{{penerbangan-istilah-stub}}\n\n[[Kategori:Keselamatan udara]]\n[[Kategori:Pintu pesawat terbang]]\n[[Kategori:Istilah penerbangan]]","hash":"c072c71111e2874cb99d991fde8506de9bf13cb940370b356607bf415af5555b","last_revision":"2017-08-01T16:01:57Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T11:42:07Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:14.481660","cross_lingual_links":{"en":"Overwing exit","fi":"Ikkunahätäuloskäynti"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:48.630527","text":"Pintu keluar sayap dapat ditemui di pesawat penumpang untuk membantu evakuasi penumpang lewat sayap, yaitu menggunakan tepi belakang sayap dengan cara meluncur di sirip sayap yang terbuka atau seluncuran evakuasi yang muncul ketika pintu keluar dibuka.\n\nDilihat dari ukurannya, pintu keluar sayap lebih kecil daripada pintu darurat standar pada pesawat terbang, dan mengurangi kapasitas evakuasi. Pintu ini biasanya dipasang di pesawat yang kekurangan kapasitas evakuasi di pintu utama untuk memeroleh evakuasi selama 90 detik, tetapi penambahan pintu keluar berukuran penuh lainnya tidak diperlukan untuk mencapai target evakuasi yang ditentukan.\n\nPintu keluar sayap adalah pintu keluar yang dibuka dengan bantuan pribadi yang berarti dalam keadaan evakuasi darurat, penumpang yang duduk di samping pintu keluar tersebut bertanggungjawab dalam memertimbangkan bahaya di luar pesawat dan membuka pintu keluar.\n\nKategori:Keselamatan udara Kategori:Pintu pesawat terbang Kategori:Istilah penerbangan\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Pintu keluar sayap dapat ditemui di pesawat penumpang untuk membantu evakuasi penumpang lewat sayap, yaitu menggunakan tepi belakang sayap dengan cara meluncur di sirip sayap yang terbuka atau seluncuran evakuasi yang muncul ketika pintu keluar dibuka.","translated_text":"Wing exits can be found on passenger aircraft to help evacuate passengers via the wings, i.e. using the rear edge of the wings by sliding on the open wings or an evacuation slide that appears when the exit is opened.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Dilihat dari ukurannya, pintu keluar sayap lebih kecil daripada pintu darurat standar pada pesawat terbang, dan mengurangi kapasitas evakuasi.","translated_text":"From its size, the wing exit is smaller than the standard emergency gate on an airplane, reducing the evacuation capacity.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pintu ini biasanya dipasang di pesawat yang kekurangan kapasitas evakuasi di pintu utama untuk memeroleh evakuasi selama 90 detik, tetapi penambahan pintu keluar berukuran penuh lainnya tidak diperlukan untuk mencapai target evakuasi yang ditentukan.","translated_text":"These doors are typically installed on aircraft that lack the evacuation capacity at the main gate to obtain an evacuation for 90 seconds, but the addition of other full-size exits is not necessary to reach the designated evacuation target.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Pintu keluar sayap adalah pintu keluar yang dibuka dengan bantuan pribadi yang berarti dalam keadaan evakuasi darurat, penumpang yang duduk di samping pintu keluar tersebut bertanggungjawab dalam memertimbangkan bahaya di luar pesawat dan membuka pintu keluar.","translated_text":"A winged exit is an exit that is opened with personal assistance which means that in an emergency evacuation situation, the passenger sitting next to the exit is responsible for considering the danger outside the aircraft and opening the exit.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Catatan kaki","translated_text":"Footnotes","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kategori","translated_text":"Categories","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":":Keselamatan udara Kategori:Pintu pesawat terbang Kategori:Istilah penerbangan","translated_text":":Air safety Category:Airplane doors Category:Flight names","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Templat:Panyabungan Timur, Mandailing Natal","wikicode":"{{Navigasi ID Desa\n|provinsi = Sumatera Utara\n|dati2 = Kabupaten\n|nama dati2 = Mandailing Natal\n|kecamatan = Panyabungan Timur\n|d1 = Aek Nabara\n|d2 = Banjar Lancat\n|d3 = Huta Bangun\n|d4 = Huta Tinggi\n|d5 = Hutaimbaru\n|d6 = Pagur\n|d7 = Padang Laru\n|d8 = Pardomuan\n|d9 = Parmompang\n|d10= Sirangkap\n|d11= Ranto Natas\n|d12= Tanjung\n|d13= Tanjung Julu\n|d14= Tebing Tinggi\n|k1 = Gunung Baringin\n}}\n{{RefDagri|2022}}\n{{Collapsible option}}\n[[Kategori:Templat desa/kelurahan di Kabupaten Mandailing Natal|{{PAGENAME}}]]\n[[Kategori:Panyabungan Timur, Mandailing Natal|τ]]","hash":"192351288dd3179d4e5befdf17cb624acfd17065c05a2497a86c72741ca6eb36","last_revision":"2023-08-16T11:21:31Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T11:49:59Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:14.547236","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"{{PAGENAME}} τ\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"{{PAGENAME}} τ","translated_text":"What is it?","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Aek Nabara, Panyabungan Timur, Mandailing Natal","wikicode":"{{desa\n|peta =\n|nama = Aek Nabara\n|provinsi = Sumatera Utara\n|dati2 = Kabupaten\n|nama dati2 = Mandailing Natal\n|kecamatan = Panyabungan Timur\n|kode pos =22912\n|luas = -\n|penduduk = -\n|kepadatan = -\n}}\n'''Aek Nabara''' adalah [[desa]] di kecamatan [[Panyabungan Timur, Mandailing Natal|Panyabungan Timur]], [[Kabupaten Mandailing Natal]], [[Sumatera Utara]], [[Indonesia]].\n\n== Pranala luar ==\n{{RefDagri|2022}}\n\n{{Panyabungan Timur, Mandailing Natal}}\n\n{{Authority control}}\n\n\n{{Desa-stub}}","hash":"3fa22353947be392f96c003d59dd43f5c0fd0600d2ff0ad88174d1bf271d3d5c","last_revision":"2023-12-02T19:26:43Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T11:59:45Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:14.612978","cross_lingual_links":{"nl":"Aek Nabara (Panyabungan Timur)","su":"Aek Nabara, Panyabungan Timur, Mandailing Natal"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:48.630527","text":"Aek Nabara adalah desa di kecamatan Panyabungan Timur, Kabupaten Mandailing Natal, Sumatera Utara, Indonesia.\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Aek Nabara adalah desa di kecamatan Panyabungan Timur, Kabupaten Mandailing Natal, Sumatera Utara, Indonesia.","translated_text":"Aek Nabara is a village in the district of Panyabungan Timur, Mandailing Natal, North Sumatra, Indonesia.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Pranala luar","translated_text":"External connections","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Gunung Baringin, Panyabungan Timur, Mandailing Natal","wikicode":"{{Kelurahan\n|peta =\n|nama = Gunung Baringin\n|provinsi = Sumatera Utara\n|dati2 = Kabupaten\n|nama dati2 = Mandailing Natal\n|kecamatan = Panyabungan Timur\n|kode pos =22912\n|luas = -\n|penduduk = -\n|kepadatan = -\n}}\n'''Gunung Baringin''' adalah [[kelurahan]] di kecamatan [[Panyabungan Timur, Mandailing Natal|Panyabungan Timur]], [[Kabupaten Mandailing Natal]], [[Sumatera Utara]], [[Indonesia]].\n\n== Pranala luar ==\n{{RefDagri|2022}}\n\n{{Panyabungan Timur, Mandailing Natal}}\n\n{{Authority control}}\n\n\n{{Kelurahan-stub}}","hash":"9ce88176f49672377a117acc2ee320559b0b1b52c06ded23f36b6e9861c69cd1","last_revision":"2023-12-04T09:45:44Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T12:04:50Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:14.677278","cross_lingual_links":{"nl":"Gunung Baringin (Panyabungan Timur)","su":"Gunung Baringin, Panyabungan Timur, Mandailing Natal"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:48.630527","text":"Gunung Baringin adalah kelurahan di kecamatan Panyabungan Timur, Kabupaten Mandailing Natal, Sumatera Utara, Indonesia.\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Gunung Baringin adalah kelurahan di kecamatan Panyabungan Timur, Kabupaten Mandailing Natal, Sumatera Utara, Indonesia.","translated_text":"Gunung Baringin is a kelurahan in the Panyabungan Timur district of Mandailing Natal County, North Sumatra, Indonesia.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Pranala luar","translated_text":"External connections","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Just One Love","wikicode":"{{Infobox Album | \n| Name = Just One Love |\n| Type = studio\n| Artist = [[Willie Nelson]] |\n| Released = Januari 1995 |\n| Cover = \n| Recorded =\n| Genre = [[Musik country|Country]]\n| Length = 38:13\n| Producer = [[Grady Martin]]\n| Label = [[Transatlantic Records|Transatlantic]] |\n| Reviews = *[[Allmusic]] {{Rating|3|5}}[http://www.allmusic.com/album/r233359 link]\n| Last album = ''[[Healing Hands of Time]]''
(1994) |\n| This album = '''''Just One Love'''''
(1995) |\n| Next album = ''[[Augusta (album)|Augusta]]''
(1995) |\n}}\n\n'''''Just One Love''''' adalah [[album]] dari [[penyanyi]] [[Musik country|Country]] [[Willie Nelson]]. Album ini dirilis tahun [[1995]].\n\n== Daftar lagu ==\n# \"Just One Love\" (Kimmie Rhodes) - 4:03\n# \"Each Night at Nine\" ([[Floyd Tillman]])- 2:21\n# \"This Cold War with You\" (Floyd Tillman)- 2:52\n# \"Better Left Forgotten\" (Chip Young)- 3:05\n# \"It's a Sin\" (Rose, Turner) - 2:02\n# \"[[Four Walls (lagu)|Four Walls]]\" (Moore, Campbell) - 4:12\n# \"[[Smoke! Smoke! Smoke! (That Cigarette)]]\" ([[Merle Travis|Travis]], [[Tex Williams]]) - 2:54\n# \"I Just Dropped By\" (Kimmie Rhodes) - 4:12\n# \"Cold, Cold Heart\" ([[Hank Williams]] - 3:10\n# \"Bonaparte's Retreat\" ([[Pee Wee King|King]], [[Redd Stewart|Stewart]])- 2:07\n# \"Alabam\" ([[Cowboy Copas|Lloyd Copas]]) - 2:38\n# \"Eight More Miles to Louisville\" ([[Grandpa Jones|Louis \"Grandpa\" Jones]])- 2:16\n\n== Personil ==\n* [[Willie Nelson]] - Gitar, vokal\n* Ray Edenton - Gitar\n* [[Buddy Emmons]] - Bass, steel gitar\n* Freddy Joe Fletcher - Drum\n* [[Buddy Harman]] - Drum\n* [[Grandpa Jones]] - Banjo, vokal\n* Lisa Jones - Dulcime\n* Mike Leech - Bass\n* [[Grady Martin]] - Gitar, keyboards\n* Bonnie Nelson - Keyboards\n* Jody Payne - Gitar\n* Kimmie Rhodes - Vokal\n* Pete Wade - Gitar\n* Chip Young - Gitar\n\n[[Kategori:Album tahun 1995]]\n[[Kategori:Album Willie Nelson]]\n\n\n{{album-stub}}","hash":"5b1a2f9ec34d368c34b2b7bb572e14893595203e594f2103c2cba0008dc5ccc7","last_revision":"2022-12-19T22:16:14Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T12:09:00Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:14.729954","cross_lingual_links":{"en":"Just One Love","es":"Just One Love (álbum)","it":"Just One Love"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:48.630527","text":"Just One Love adalah album dari penyanyi Country Willie Nelson. Album ini dirilis tahun 1995.\n\n\"Just One Love\" (Kimmie Rhodes) - 4:03 \"Each Night at Nine\" (Floyd Tillman)- 2:21 \"This Cold War with You\" (Floyd Tillman)- 2:52 \"Better Left Forgotten\" (Chip Young)- 3:05 \"It's a Sin\" (Rose, Turner) - 2:02 \"Four Walls\" (Moore, Campbell) - 4:12 \"Smoke! Smoke! Smoke! (That Cigarette)\" (Travis, Tex Williams) - 2:54 \"I Just Dropped By\" (Kimmie Rhodes) - 4:12 \"Cold, Cold Heart\" (Hank Williams - 3:10 \"Bonaparte's Retreat\" (King, Stewart)- 2:07 \"Alabam\" (Lloyd Copas) - 2:38 \"Eight More Miles to Louisville\" (Louis \"Grandpa\" Jones)- 2:16\n\nWillie Nelson - Gitar, vokal Ray Edenton - Gitar Buddy Emmons - Bass, steel gitar Freddy Joe Fletcher - Drum Buddy Harman - Drum Grandpa Jones - Banjo, vokal Lisa Jones - Dulcime Mike Leech - Bass Grady Martin - Gitar, keyboards Bonnie Nelson - Keyboards Jody Payne - Gitar Kimmie Rhodes - Vokal Pete Wade - Gitar Chip Young - Gitar\n\nKategori:Album tahun 1995 Kategori:Album Willie Nelson\n","elements":[{"type":"infobox","content":"{{Infobox Album | \n| Name = Just One Love |\n| Type = studio\n| Artist = [[Willie Nelson]] |\n| Released = Januari 1995 |\n| Cover = \n| Recorded =\n| Genre = [[Musik country|Country]]\n| Length = 38:13\n| Producer = [[Grady Martin]]\n| Label = [[Transatlantic Records|Transatlantic]] |\n| Reviews = *[[Allmusic]] {{Rating|3|5}}[http://www.allmusic.com/album/r233359 link]\n| Last album = ''[[Healing Hands of Time]]''
(1994) |\n| This album = '''''Just One Love'''''
(1995) |\n| Next album = ''[[Augusta (album)|Augusta]]''
(1995) |\n}}"},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Just One Love adalah album dari penyanyi Country Willie Nelson.","translated_text":"Just One Love is an album by country singer Willie Nelson.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Album ini dirilis tahun 1995.","translated_text":"The album was released in 1995.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Daftar lagu","translated_text":"List of songs","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"\"Just One Love\" (Kimmie Rhodes) - 4:03 \"Each Night at Nine\" (Floyd Tillman)- 2:21 \"This Cold War with You\" (Floyd Tillman)- 2:52 \"Better Left Forgotten\" (Chip Young)- 3:05 \"It's a Sin\" (Rose, Turner) - 2:02 \"Four Walls\" (Moore, Campbell) - 4:12 \"Smoke!","translated_text":"\"Just One Love\" (Kimmie Rhodes) - 4:03 \"Each Night at Nine\" (Floyd Tillman) - 2:21 \"This Cold War with You\" (Floyd Tillman) - 2:52 \"Better Left Forgotten\" (Chip Young) - 3:05 \"It's a Sin\" (Rose, Turner) - 2:02 \"Four Walls\" (Moore, Campbell) - 4:12 \"Smoke!","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Smoke!","translated_text":"The smoke!","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Smoke!","translated_text":"The smoke!","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"(That Cigarette)\" (Travis, Tex Williams) - 2:54 \"I Just Dropped By\" (Kimmie Rhodes) - 4:12 \"Cold, Cold Heart\" (Hank Williams - 3:10 \"Bonaparte's Retreat\" (King, Stewart)- 2:07 \"Alabam\" (Lloyd Copas) - 2:38 \"Eight More Miles to Louisville\" (Louis \"Grandpa\" Jones)- 2:16","translated_text":"(That Cigarette) (Travis, Tex Williams) - 2:54 \"I Just Dropped By\" (Kimmie Rhodes) - 4:12 \"Cold, Cold Heart\" (Hank Williams) - 3:10 \"Bonaparte's Retreat\" (King, Stewart) - 2:07 \"Alabam\" (Lloyd Copas) - 2:38 \"Eight More Miles to Louisville\" (Louis \"Grandpa\" Jones) - 2:16","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Personil","translated_text":"Staff","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Willie Nelson - Gitar, vokal Ray Edenton - Gitar Buddy Emmons - Bass, steel gitar Freddy Joe Fletcher - Drum Buddy Harman - Drum Grandpa Jones - Banjo, vokal Lisa Jones - Dulcime Mike Leech - Bass Grady Martin - Gitar, keyboards Bonnie Nelson - Keyboards Jody Payne - Gitar Kimmie Rhodes - Vokal Pete Wade - Gitar Chip Young - Gitar","translated_text":"Willie Nelson - Guitar, vocals Ray Edenton - Guitar Buddy Emmons - Bass, steel guitar Freddy Joe Fletcher - Drum Buddy Harman - Drum Grandpa Jones - Banjo, vocals Lisa Jones - Dulcime Mike Leech - Bass Grady Martin - Guitar, keyboards Bonnie Nelson - Keyboards Jody Payne - Guitar Kimmie Rhodes - Vocal Pete Wade - Guitar Chip Young - Guitar","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kategori:Album tahun 1995 Kategori:Album Willie Nelson","translated_text":"Category:Album of the year 1995 Category:Album by Willie Nelson","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Hutaimbaru, Panyabungan Timur, Mandailing Natal","wikicode":"{{desa\n|peta =\n|nama = Huta Rimbaru\n|provinsi = Sumatera Utara\n|dati2 = Kabupaten\n|nama dati2 = Mandailing Natal\n|kecamatan = Panyabungan Timur\n|kode pos = 22912\n|luas = -\n|penduduk = -\n|kepadatan = -\n}}\n'''Huta Rimbaru''' adalah [[desa]] di kecamatan [[Panyabungan Timur, Mandailing Natal|Panyabungan Timur]], [[Kabupaten Mandailing Natal]], [[Sumatera Utara]], [[Indonesia]].\n\n== Pranala luar ==\n{{RefDagri|2022}}\n\n{{Panyabungan Timur, Mandailing Natal}}\n\n{{Authority control}}\n\n\n{{Desa-stub}}","hash":"3ed3353b100e9f34b22322526d5cb3c37ff8693737a3ff04fe754a06677f143c","last_revision":"2023-12-04T10:23:48Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T12:09:47Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:14.789860","cross_lingual_links":{"nl":"Huta Rimbaru","su":"Hutaimbaru, Panyabungan Timur, Mandailing Natal"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:48.630527","text":"Huta Rimbaru adalah desa di kecamatan Panyabungan Timur, Kabupaten Mandailing Natal, Sumatera Utara, Indonesia.\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Huta Rimbaru adalah desa di kecamatan Panyabungan Timur, Kabupaten Mandailing Natal, Sumatera Utara, Indonesia.","translated_text":"Huta Rimbaru is a village in the district of Panyabungan Timur, Mandailing Natal District, North Sumatra, Indonesia.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Pranala luar","translated_text":"External connections","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Huta Tinggi, Panyabungan Timur, Mandailing Natal","wikicode":"{{Untuk|tempat lain yang bernama sama|Huta Tinggi (disambiguasi)}}\n{{desa\n|peta =\n|nama = Huta Tinggi\n|provinsi = Sumatera Utara\n|dati2 = Kabupaten\n|nama dati2 = Mandailing Natal\n|kecamatan = Panyabungan Timur\n|kode pos =22912\n|luas = -\n|penduduk = -\n|kepadatan = -\n}}\n'''Huta Tinggi''' adalah [[desa]] di kecamatan [[Panyabungan Timur, Mandailing Natal|Panyabungan Timur]], [[Kabupaten Mandailing Natal]], [[Sumatera Utara]], [[Indonesia]].\n\n== Pranala luar ==\n{{RefDagri|2022}}\n\n{{Panyabungan Timur, Mandailing Natal}}\n\n{{Authority control}}\n\n\n{{Desa-stub}}","hash":"3afc468040e8be637bf0cbe23d8e9cd26d4fc16d599751588aaaed0e1b51b874","last_revision":"2023-12-04T10:22:56Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T12:12:25Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:14.845423","cross_lingual_links":{"nl":"Huta Tinggi (Panyabungan Timur)","su":"Huta Tinggi, Panyabungan Timur, Mandailing Natal"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:48.630527","text":"Huta Tinggi adalah desa di kecamatan Panyabungan Timur, Kabupaten Mandailing Natal, Sumatera Utara, Indonesia.\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Huta Tinggi adalah desa di kecamatan Panyabungan Timur, Kabupaten Mandailing Natal, Sumatera Utara, Indonesia.","translated_text":"Huta Tinggi is a village in the district of Panyabungan Timur, Mandailing Natal District, North Sumatra, Indonesia.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Pranala luar","translated_text":"External connections","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Pardomuan, Panyabungan Timur, Mandailing Natal","wikicode":"{{desa\n|peta =\n|nama = Pardomuan\n|provinsi = Sumatera Utara\n|dati2 = Kabupaten\n|nama dati2 = Mandailing Natal\n|kecamatan = Panyabungan Timur\n|kode pos =22912\n|luas = -\n|penduduk = -\n|kepadatan = -\n}}\n'''Pardomuan''' adalah [[desa]] di kecamatan [[Panyabungan Timur, Mandailing Natal|Panyabungan Timur]], [[Kabupaten Mandailing Natal]], [[Sumatera Utara]], [[Indonesia]].\n\n== Pranala luar ==\n{{RefDagri|2022}}\n\n{{Panyabungan Timur, Mandailing Natal}}\n\n{{Authority control}}\n\n\n{{Desa-stub}}","hash":"803759bc8dc9bdc146a0517c115d2a286c6d6fcdc6dd055267266ff855a12899","last_revision":"2023-12-05T10:10:38Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T12:17:33Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:14.912372","cross_lingual_links":{"nl":"Pardomuan (Panyabungan Timur)","su":"Pardomuan, Panyabungan Timur, Mandailing Natal"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:48.630527","text":"Pardomuan adalah desa di kecamatan Panyabungan Timur, Kabupaten Mandailing Natal, Sumatera Utara, Indonesia.\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Pardomuan adalah desa di kecamatan Panyabungan Timur, Kabupaten Mandailing Natal, Sumatera Utara, Indonesia.","translated_text":"Pardomuan is a village in the district of Panyabungan Timur, Mandailing Natal District, North Sumatra, Indonesia.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Pranala luar","translated_text":"External connections","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Di-tert-butil dikarbonat","wikicode":"{{Yatim|Oktober 2022}}\n{{Orphan|date=Maret 2016}}\n\n{{DISPLAYTITLE:Di-''tert''-butil dikarbonat}}\n{{chembox\n| Name = Di-''tert''-butil dikarbonat\n| ImageFile = Di-tert-butyl-dicarbonate-2D-skeletal.png\n\n| ImageName = \n| ImageFile1 = Di-tert-butyl-dicarbonate-3D-balls.png\n| IUPACName = Di-t-butil dikarbonat\n| OtherNames = di-tert-butil pirokarbonat
Boc anhidrida
Boc2O\n| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers\n| SMILES = O=C(OC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)OC(C)(C)C\n| ChemSpiderID = 81704\n| PubChem = 90495\n| InChI = 1/C10H18O5/c1-9(2,3)14-7(11)13-8(12)15-10(4,5)6/h1-6H3\n| InChIKey = DYHSDKLCOJIUFX-UHFFFAOYAG\n| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite}}\n| CASNo = 24424-99-5\n }}\n| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties\n| Formula = C10H18O5\n| MolarMass = 218,25 g/mol\n| Appearance = cairan tak berwarna\n| Density = 0,95 g/cm3\n| Solubility = tak larut\n| Solvent = pelarut lainnya\n| SolubleOther = kebanyakan pelarut organik\n| MeltingPt = 22–24 °C\n| BoilingPt = 56–57 °C (0,5 mm Hg)\n }}\n| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure\n| Dipole = 0 [[Debye|D]]\n }}\n| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards\n| ExternalMSDS =\n| MainHazards = beracun jika terhirup T+\n }}\n| Section8 = {{Chembox Related\n| OtherCpds = [[t-Butil Kloroformat]]
[[Fosgena]]\n }}\n}}\n'''Di-''tert''-butil dikarbonat''' adalah sejenis [[reagen]] kimia yang digunakan luas dalam [[sintesis organik]].Wakselman, M. “Di-''t''-butyl Dicarbonate” in Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis (Ed: L. Paquette) 2004, J. Wiley & Sons, New York. {{DOI|10.1002/047084289}}. [[Karbonat ester]] ini bereaksi dengan [[amina]] dan menghasilkan N-''tert''-butoksikarbonil (''t''-BOC). Turunan ''t''-BOC ini tidak berperilaku seperti amina lainnya, sehingga mengizinkan transformasi reaksi lebih lanjut tanpa memengaruhi gugus amina senyawa yang direaksikan. Gugus ''t''-BOC ini kemduian dapat dilepaskan menggunakan asam. Oleh karena itu, ''t''-BOC sering digunakan sebagai [[gugus pelindung]], utamanya dalam [[sintesis peptida fase padat]]. Gugus ini tidak bereaksi dengan kebanyakan basa dan [[nukleofil]].\n\n== Pembuatan ==\nDi-''tert''-butil dikarbonat cukup murah dan biasanya dibeli secara langsung. Walau demikian, senyawa ini dapat dibuat dari [[tert-butanol|''tert''-butil alkohol]], [[karbon dioksida]], [[fosgena]], dan menggunakan [[DABCO]] sebagai basa:{{OrgSynth | author = Barry M. Pope, Yutaka Yamamoto, and D. Stanley Tarbell | title = Dicarbonic acid, bis(1,1-dimethylethyl) ester | collvol = 6 | collvolpages = 418 | year = 1988 | prep = cv6p0418}}\n\n:[[Berkas:Synthesis of Boc anhydride.png|500px|Sintesis Boc anhidrida]]\n\nBoc anhidrida juga tersedia sebagai 70% larutan dalam toluena ataupun THF. Oleh karena boc anhidrida adalah padatan yang bertitik lebur rendah, penanganan dan penyimpanan senyawa ini lebih mudah dilakukan dalam bentuk cairan.\n\n== Proteksi dan deproteksi amina ==\nGugus Boc dapat dilekatkan ke amina di bawah kondisi akuatik menggunakan di-''tert''-butil dikarbonat dengan keberadaan basa seperti [[natrium bikarbonat]]. Proteksi amina dapat juga dilakukan dalam larutan [[asetonitril]] menggunakan [[4-dimetilaminopiridina]] (DMAP) sebagai basa.\n\nPelepasan ''t''-BOC dari [[asam amino]] dapat dilakukan menggunakan asam kuat seperti [[asam trifluoroasetat]] tanpa pelarut ataupun dengan pelarut [[diklorometana]]. Selain itu, pelepasan juga dapat dilakukan menggunakan [[asam klorida]] dalam [[metanol]].{{OrgSynth | author = Robert M. Williams, Peter J. Sinclair, Duane E. DeMong, Daimo Chen, and Dongguan Zhai | prep = v80p0018 | title = 4-Morpholinecarboxylic acid, 6-oxo-2,3-diphenyl-, 1,1-dimethylethyl ester, (2S,3R)- | volume = 80 | pages = 18 | year = 2003}}{{cite journal | author = E. A. Englund, H. N. Gopi, D. H. Appella | title = An Efficient Synthesis of a Probe for Protein Function: 2,3-Diaminopropionic Acid with Orthogonal Protecting Groups | journal = [[Org. Lett.]] | year = 2004 | volume = 6 | pages = 213–215 | doi = 10.1021/ol0361599 | pmid = 14723531 | issue = 2}}{{cite journal | author = D. M. Shendage, R. Fröhlich, G. Haufe | title = Highly Efficient Stereoconservative Amidation and Deamidation of α-Amino Acids | journal = [[Org. Lett.]] | year = 2004 | volume = 6 | pages = 3675–3678 | doi = 10.1021/ol048771l | pmid = 15469321 | issue = 21}} ataupun menggunakan K2CO3/methanol pada suhu kamar.{{cite journal | author = Saul Jaime-Figueroa, Alejandro Zamilpa, Angel Guzma´n,and David J. Morgans,Jr. | title = N-3-Alkylation of uracil and derivatives via N-1-BOC protection | journal = [[Synthetic Communication]] | year = 2001 | volume = 31 | issue = 24 | pages = 3739–3746 | doi = 10.1081/SCC-100108223}}\n\n== Kegunaan lain ==\nSintesis [[6-asetil-1,2,3,4-tetrahidropiridina]], salah satu senyawa aroma roti dari [[2-piperidon]], dilakukan menggunakan t-boc anhidrida.{{cite journal | author = Tyler J. Harrison and Gregory R. Dake | title = An Expeditious, High-Yielding Construction of the Food Aroma Compounds 6-Acetyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyridine and 2-Acetyl-1-pyrroline | journal = [[J. Org. Chem.]] | year = 2005 | volume = 70 | issue = 26 | pages = 10872–10874 | doi = 10.1021/jo051940a | pmid = 16356012}} (Lihat [[reaksi Maillard]]). Langkah pertama reaksi ini adalah pembentukan [[karbamat]] dari reaksi antara amina sekunder dengan boc anhidrida dalam [[asetonitril]] dengan [[DMAP]] sebagai [[basa]].\n\n:[[Berkas:BOC application.png|450px|Sintesis 6-asetil-1,2,3,4-tetrahidropiridina]]\n\n== Referensi ==\n\n\n[[Kategori:Reagen kimia organik]]\n[[Kategori:Gugus pelindung]]\n[[Kategori:Karbonat ester]]","hash":"cb072ad2157b5ecee5dfeadb8480c729a1e2fbdd393eaae0d9cbf70d9f5bf38d","last_revision":"2022-10-28T04:39:41Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T12:19:02Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:14.965855","cross_lingual_links":{"azb":"دی-ترت-بوتیل دیکربونات","de":"Di-tert-butyldicarbonat","en":"Di-tert-butyl dicarbonate","et":"Di-tert-butüüldikarbonaat","fa":"دی-ترت-بوتیل دی‌کربنات","fi":"Di-tert-butyylidikarbonaatti","fr":"Dicarbonate de di-tert-butyle","it":"Di-terbutil dicarbonato","ja":"二炭酸ジ-tert-ブチル","nl":"Di-tert-butyldicarbonaat","pt":"Dicarbonato de di-terc-butila","ru":"Ди-трет-бутилдикарбонат","sh":"Di-tert-butil dikarbonat","sr":"Di-tert-butil dikarbonat","zh":"焦碳酸二叔丁酯"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:48.630527","text":"Di-tert-butil dikarbonat adalah sejenis reagen kimia yang digunakan luas dalam sintesis organik. Karbonat ester ini bereaksi dengan amina dan menghasilkan N-tert-butoksikarbonil (t-BOC). Turunan t-BOC ini tidak berperilaku seperti amina lainnya, sehingga mengizinkan transformasi reaksi lebih lanjut tanpa memengaruhi gugus amina senyawa yang direaksikan. Gugus t-BOC ini kemduian dapat dilepaskan menggunakan asam. Oleh karena itu, t-BOC sering digunakan sebagai gugus pelindung, utamanya dalam sintesis peptida fase padat. Gugus ini tidak bereaksi dengan kebanyakan basa dan nukleofil.\n\nDi-tert-butil dikarbonat cukup murah dan biasanya dibeli secara langsung. Walau demikian, senyawa ini dapat dibuat dari tert-butil alkohol, karbon dioksida, fosgena, dan menggunakan DABCO sebagai basa:\n\nBoc anhidrida juga tersedia sebagai 70% larutan dalam toluena ataupun THF. Oleh karena boc anhidrida adalah padatan yang bertitik lebur rendah, penanganan dan penyimpanan senyawa ini lebih mudah dilakukan dalam bentuk cairan.\n\nGugus Boc dapat dilekatkan ke amina di bawah kondisi akuatik menggunakan di-tert-butil dikarbonat dengan keberadaan basa seperti natrium bikarbonat. Proteksi amina dapat juga dilakukan dalam larutan asetonitril menggunakan 4-dimetilaminopiridina (DMAP) sebagai basa.\n\nPelepasan t-BOC dari asam amino dapat dilakukan menggunakan asam kuat seperti asam trifluoroasetat tanpa pelarut ataupun dengan pelarut diklorometana. Selain itu, pelepasan juga dapat dilakukan menggunakan asam klorida dalam metanol. ataupun menggunakan K₂CO₃/methanol pada suhu kamar.\n\nSintesis 6-asetil-1,2,3,4-tetrahidropiridina, salah satu senyawa aroma roti dari 2-piperidon, dilakukan menggunakan t-boc anhidrida. (Lihat reaksi Maillard). Langkah pertama reaksi ini adalah pembentukan karbamat dari reaksi antara amina sekunder dengan boc anhidrida dalam asetonitril dengan DMAP sebagai basa.\n\nKategori:Reagen kimia organik Kategori:Gugus pelindung Kategori:Karbonat ester\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Di-tert-butil dikarbonat adalah sejenis reagen kimia yang digunakan luas dalam sintesis organik.","translated_text":"Di-tert-butyl carbonate is a type of chemical reagent widely used in organic synthesis.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"Wakselman, M. “Di-''t''-butyl Dicarbonate” in Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis (Ed: L. Paquette) 2004, J. Wiley & Sons, New York. {{DOI|10.1002/047084289}}.","char_index":96,"name":null,"url":null,"source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":null,"source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Karbonat ester ini bereaksi dengan amina dan menghasilkan N-tert-butoksikarbonil (t-BOC).","translated_text":"This ester carbonate reacts with amines and produces N-tert-butoxycarbonyl (t-BOC).","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Turunan t-BOC ini tidak berperilaku seperti amina lainnya, sehingga mengizinkan transformasi reaksi lebih lanjut tanpa memengaruhi gugus amina senyawa yang direaksikan.","translated_text":"These t-BOC derivatives do not behave like other amines, thus allowing further reaction transformation without affecting the amine group of reacted compounds.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Gugus t-BOC ini kemduian dapat dilepaskan menggunakan asam.","translated_text":"These t-BOC clusters can be released using acid.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Oleh karena itu, t-BOC sering digunakan sebagai gugus pelindung, utamanya dalam sintesis peptida fase padat.","translated_text":"Therefore, t-BOCs are often used as a protective group, primarily in the synthesis of solid-phase peptides.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Gugus ini tidak bereaksi dengan kebanyakan basa dan nukleofil.","translated_text":"This group does not react with most bases and nucleophiles.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Pembuatan","translated_text":"Production","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Di-tert-butil dikarbonat cukup murah dan biasanya dibeli secara langsung.","translated_text":"Di-tert-butyl carbonate is quite inexpensive and is usually purchased directly.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Walau demikian, senyawa ini dapat dibuat dari tert-butil alkohol, karbon dioksida, fosgena, dan menggunakan DABCO sebagai basa:","translated_text":"Nevertheless, the compound can be made from bottled alcohol, carbon dioxide, phosgene, and DABCO as a base:","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[{"content":"{{OrgSynth | author = Barry M. Pope, Yutaka Yamamoto, and D. Stanley Tarbell | title = Dicarbonic acid, bis(1,1-dimethylethyl) ester | collvol = 6 | collvolpages = 418 | year = 1988 | prep = cv6p0418}}","char_index":127,"name":"pope","url":null,"source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":null,"source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Boc anhidrida juga tersedia sebagai 70% larutan dalam toluena ataupun THF.","translated_text":"Boc anhydride is also available as a 70% solution in toluene or THF.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Oleh karena boc anhidrida adalah padatan yang bertitik lebur rendah, penanganan dan penyimpanan senyawa ini lebih mudah dilakukan dalam bentuk cairan.","translated_text":"Since boc anhydride is a low melting point solid, handling and storage of this compound is easier in liquid form.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Proteksi dan deproteksi amina","translated_text":"Amine protection and de protection","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Gugus Boc dapat dilekatkan ke amina di bawah kondisi akuatik menggunakan di-tert-butil dikarbonat dengan keberadaan basa seperti natrium bikarbonat.","translated_text":"Boc groups can be bonded to amines under aquatic conditions using di-tert-butyl carbonate in the presence of a base such as sodium bicarbonate.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Proteksi amina dapat juga dilakukan dalam larutan asetonitril menggunakan 4-dimetilaminopiridina (DMAP) sebagai basa.","translated_text":"Amine protection can also be performed in a solution of acetonitrile using 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) as a base.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Pelepasan t-BOC dari asam amino dapat dilakukan menggunakan asam kuat seperti asam trifluoroasetat tanpa pelarut ataupun dengan pelarut diklorometana.","translated_text":"The release of t-BOCs from amino acids can be done using strong acids such as trifluoroacetic acid without solvents or with dichloromethane solvents.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Selain itu, pelepasan juga dapat dilakukan menggunakan asam klorida dalam metanol. ataupun menggunakan K₂CO₃/methanol pada suhu kamar.","translated_text":"In addition, the release can also be done using hydrochloric acid in methanol or using K2CO3/methanol at room temperature.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[{"content":"{{OrgSynth | author = Robert M. Williams, Peter J. Sinclair, Duane E. DeMong, Daimo Chen, and Dongguan Zhai | prep = v80p0018 | title = 4-Morpholinecarboxylic acid, 6-oxo-2,3-diphenyl-, 1,1-dimethylethyl ester, (2S,3R)- | volume = 80 | pages = 18 | year = 2003}}","char_index":82,"name":null,"url":null,"source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":null,"source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{cite journal | author = E. A. Englund, H. N. Gopi, D. H. Appella | title = An Efficient Synthesis of a Probe for Protein Function: 2,3-Diaminopropionic Acid with Orthogonal Protecting Groups | journal = [[Org. Lett.]] | year = 2004 | volume = 6 | pages = 213–215 | doi = 10.1021/ol0361599 | pmid = 14723531 | issue = 2}}","char_index":82,"name":null,"url":null,"source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":null,"source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{cite journal | author = D. M. Shendage, R. Fröhlich, G. Haufe | title = Highly Efficient Stereoconservative Amidation and Deamidation of α-Amino Acids | journal = [[Org. Lett.]] | year = 2004 | volume = 6 | pages = 3675–3678 | doi = 10.1021/ol048771l | pmid = 15469321 | issue = 21}}","char_index":82,"name":null,"url":null,"source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":null,"source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{cite journal | author = Saul Jaime-Figueroa, Alejandro Zamilpa, Angel Guzma´n,and David J. Morgans,Jr. | title = N-3-Alkylation of uracil and derivatives via N-1-BOC protection | journal = [[Synthetic Communication]] | year = 2001 | volume = 31 | issue = 24 | pages = 3739–3746 | doi = 10.1081/SCC-100108223}}","char_index":134,"name":null,"url":null,"source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":null,"source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Kegunaan lain","translated_text":"Other uses","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Sintesis 6-asetil-1,2,3,4-tetrahidropiridina, salah satu senyawa aroma roti dari 2-piperidon, dilakukan menggunakan t-boc anhidrida.","translated_text":"The synthesis of 6-acetyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyridine, one of the aromatic compounds of 2-piperidone, was carried out using t-boc anhydride.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{cite journal | author = Tyler J. Harrison and Gregory R. Dake | title = An Expeditious, High-Yielding Construction of the Food Aroma Compounds 6-Acetyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyridine and 2-Acetyl-1-pyrroline | journal = [[J. Org. Chem.]] | year = 2005 | volume = 70 | issue = 26 | pages = 10872–10874 | doi = 10.1021/jo051940a | pmid = 16356012}}","char_index":132,"name":null,"url":null,"source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":null,"source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"(Lihat reaksi Maillard).","translated_text":"(See Maillard's reaction.)","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Langkah pertama reaksi ini adalah pembentukan karbamat dari reaksi antara amina sekunder dengan boc anhidrida dalam asetonitril dengan DMAP sebagai basa.","translated_text":"The first step of this reaction is the formation of carbamate from a reaction between a secondary amine with boc anhydride in acetonitrile with DMAP as the base.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Referensi","translated_text":"References","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kategori","translated_text":"Categories","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":":Reagen kimia organik Kategori:Gugus pelindung Kategori:Karbonat ester","translated_text":": Organic chemical reagents Category:Protective groups Category:Carbonate ester","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[{"text":"Di-tert-butil dikarbonat adalah sejenis reagen kimia yang digunakan luas dalam sintesis organik.","translated_text":"Di-tert-butyl carbonate is a type of chemical reagent widely used in organic synthesis.","citations":[{"content":"Wakselman, M. “Di-''t''-butyl Dicarbonate” in Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis (Ed: L. Paquette) 2004, J. Wiley & Sons, New York. {{DOI|10.1002/047084289}}.","char_index":96,"name":null,"url":null,"source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":null,"source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Di-tert-butil dikarbonat cukup murah dan biasanya dibeli secara langsung. Walau demikian, senyawa ini dapat dibuat dari tert-butil alkohol, karbon dioksida, fosgena, dan menggunakan DABCO sebagai basa:","translated_text":"Di-tert-butyl carbonate is quite inexpensive and is usually purchased directly. Nevertheless, the compound can be made from bottled alcohol, carbon dioxide, phosgene, and DABCO as a base:","citations":[{"content":"{{OrgSynth | author = Barry M. Pope, Yutaka Yamamoto, and D. Stanley Tarbell | title = Dicarbonic acid, bis(1,1-dimethylethyl) ester | collvol = 6 | collvolpages = 418 | year = 1988 | prep = cv6p0418}}","char_index":201,"name":"pope","url":null,"source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":null,"source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Pelepasan t-BOC dari asam amino dapat dilakukan menggunakan asam kuat seperti asam trifluoroasetat tanpa pelarut ataupun dengan pelarut diklorometana. Selain itu, pelepasan juga dapat dilakukan menggunakan asam klorida dalam metanol. ataupun menggunakan K₂CO₃/methanol pada suhu kamar.","translated_text":"The release of t-BOCs from amino acids can be done using strong acids such as trifluoroacetic acid without solvents or with dichloromethane solvents. In addition, the release can also be done using hydrochloric acid in methanol or using K2CO3/methanol at room temperature.","citations":[{"content":"{{OrgSynth | author = Robert M. Williams, Peter J. Sinclair, Duane E. DeMong, Daimo Chen, and Dongguan Zhai | prep = v80p0018 | title = 4-Morpholinecarboxylic acid, 6-oxo-2,3-diphenyl-, 1,1-dimethylethyl ester, (2S,3R)- | volume = 80 | pages = 18 | year = 2003}}","char_index":233,"name":null,"url":null,"source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":null,"source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{cite journal | author = E. A. Englund, H. N. Gopi, D. H. Appella | title = An Efficient Synthesis of a Probe for Protein Function: 2,3-Diaminopropionic Acid with Orthogonal Protecting Groups | journal = [[Org. Lett.]] | year = 2004 | volume = 6 | pages = 213–215 | doi = 10.1021/ol0361599 | pmid = 14723531 | issue = 2}}","char_index":233,"name":null,"url":null,"source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":null,"source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{cite journal | author = D. M. Shendage, R. Fröhlich, G. Haufe | title = Highly Efficient Stereoconservative Amidation and Deamidation of α-Amino Acids | journal = [[Org. Lett.]] | year = 2004 | volume = 6 | pages = 3675–3678 | doi = 10.1021/ol048771l | pmid = 15469321 | issue = 21}}","char_index":233,"name":null,"url":null,"source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":null,"source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{cite journal | author = Saul Jaime-Figueroa, Alejandro Zamilpa, Angel Guzma´n,and David J. Morgans,Jr. | title = N-3-Alkylation of uracil and derivatives via N-1-BOC protection | journal = [[Synthetic Communication]] | year = 2001 | volume = 31 | issue = 24 | pages = 3739–3746 | doi = 10.1081/SCC-100108223}}","char_index":285,"name":null,"url":null,"source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":null,"source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Sintesis 6-asetil-1,2,3,4-tetrahidropiridina, salah satu senyawa aroma roti dari 2-piperidon, dilakukan menggunakan t-boc anhidrida.","translated_text":"The synthesis of 6-acetyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyridine, one of the aromatic compounds of 2-piperidone, was carried out using t-boc anhydride.","citations":[{"content":"{{cite journal | author = Tyler J. Harrison and Gregory R. Dake | title = An Expeditious, High-Yielding Construction of the Food Aroma Compounds 6-Acetyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyridine and 2-Acetyl-1-pyrroline | journal = [[J. Org. Chem.]] | year = 2005 | volume = 70 | issue = 26 | pages = 10872–10874 | doi = 10.1021/jo051940a | pmid = 16356012}}","char_index":132,"name":null,"url":null,"source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":null,"source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]}]} +{"title":"Tebing Tinggi, Panyabungan Timur, Mandailing Natal","wikicode":"{{desa\n|peta =\n|nama = Tebing Tinggi\n|provinsi = Sumatera Utara\n|dati2 = Kabupaten\n|nama dati2 = Mandailing Natal\n|kecamatan = Panyabungan Timur\n|kode pos =22912\n|luas = -\n|penduduk = -\n|kepadatan = -\n}}\n'''Tebing Tinggi''' adalah [[desa]] di kecamatan [[Panyabungan Timur, Mandailing Natal|Panyabungan Timur]], [[Kabupaten Mandailing Natal]], [[Sumatera Utara]], [[Indonesia]].\n\n== Pranala luar ==\n{{RefDagri|2022}}\n\n{{Panyabungan Timur, Mandailing Natal}}\n\n{{Authority control}}\n\n\n{{Desa-stub}}","hash":"9e81a7d983dd364ae8537d70b07f31b44d1f3f9d040d364344a59539f1395b46","last_revision":"2023-12-06T14:18:05Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T12:19:12Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:15.024351","cross_lingual_links":{"nl":"Tebing Tinggi (Panyabungan Timur)","su":"Tebing Tinggi, Panyabungan Timur, Mandailing Natal"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:48.630527","text":"Tebing Tinggi adalah desa di kecamatan Panyabungan Timur, Kabupaten Mandailing Natal, Sumatera Utara, Indonesia.\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Tebing Tinggi adalah desa di kecamatan Panyabungan Timur, Kabupaten Mandailing Natal, Sumatera Utara, Indonesia.","translated_text":"Tebing Tinggi is a village in the district of Panyabungan Timur, Mandailing Natal District, North Sumatra, Indonesia.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Pranala luar","translated_text":"External connections","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Tanjung, Panyabungan Timur, Mandailing Natal","wikicode":"{{Tempat lain|Tanjung (disambiguasi)}}\n{{desa\n|peta =\n|nama = Tanjung\n|provinsi = Sumatera Utara\n|dati2 = Kabupaten\n|nama dati2 = Mandailing Natal\n|kecamatan = Panyabungan Timur\n|kode pos =22912\n|luas = -\n|penduduk = -\n|kepadatan = -\n}}\n'''Tanjung''' adalah [[desa]] di kecamatan [[Panyabungan Timur, Mandailing Natal|Panyabungan Timur]], [[Kabupaten Mandailing Natal]], [[Sumatera Utara]], [[Indonesia]].\n\n== Pranala luar ==\n{{RefDagri|2022}}\n\n{{Panyabungan Timur, Mandailing Natal}}\n\n{{Authority control}}\n\n\n{{Desa-stub}}","hash":"a2e7b95d8474ab10caabb7a56eb85135ad7b689bdbea3b8147b9d8e8116cf3f7","last_revision":"2023-12-06T13:57:43Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T12:20:28Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:15.082575","cross_lingual_links":{"nl":"Tanjung (Panyabungan Timur)","su":"Tanjung, Panyabungan Timur, Mandailing Natal"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:48.630527","text":"Tanjung adalah desa di kecamatan Panyabungan Timur, Kabupaten Mandailing Natal, Sumatera Utara, Indonesia.\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Tanjung adalah desa di kecamatan Panyabungan Timur, Kabupaten Mandailing Natal, Sumatera Utara, Indonesia.","translated_text":"Tanjung is a village in the district of Panyabungan Timur, Mandailing Natal District, North Sumatra, Indonesia.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Pranala luar","translated_text":"External connections","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Ranto Natas, Panyabungan Timur, Mandailing Natal","wikicode":"{{desa\n|peta =\n|nama = Ranto Natas\n|provinsi = Sumatera Utara\n|dati2 = Kabupaten\n|nama dati2 = Mandailing Natal\n|kecamatan = Panyabungan Timur\n|kode pos =22912\n|luas = -\n|penduduk = -\n|kepadatan = -\n}}\n'''Ranto Natas''' adalah [[desa]] di kecamatan [[Panyabungan Timur, Mandailing Natal|Panyabungan Timur]], [[Kabupaten Mandailing Natal]], [[Sumatera Utara]], [[Indonesia]].\n\n== Pranala luar ==\n{{RefDagri|2022}}\n\n{{Panyabungan Timur, Mandailing Natal}}\n\n{{Authority control}}\n\n\n{{Desa-stub}}","hash":"a8021c8b35a1758a17dc60ecbce6501195334a86562356b8a0e10bc54a2becc4","last_revision":"2023-12-06T03:47:23Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T12:21:16Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:15.146424","cross_lingual_links":{"nl":"Ranto Natas","su":"Ranto Natas, Panyabungan Timur, Mandailing Natal"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:48.630527","text":"Ranto Natas adalah desa di kecamatan Panyabungan Timur, Kabupaten Mandailing Natal, Sumatera Utara, Indonesia.\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Ranto Natas adalah desa di kecamatan Panyabungan Timur, Kabupaten Mandailing Natal, Sumatera Utara, Indonesia.","translated_text":"Ranto Natas is a village in the district of Panyabungan Timur, Mandailing Natal District, North Sumatra, Indonesia.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Pranala luar","translated_text":"External connections","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Bahasa Haji","wikicode":"{{Infobox Bahasa\n|name = Haji\n|nativename = Basa Haji
Cawa Haji\n|ethnicity = [[Suku Haji|Aji]]\n|states = \n|region = [[Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ulu Selatan]] (sebagian)\n|speakers = 18.500\n|familycolor = Austronesian\n|fam2 = \n|script =\n|iso3 = hji\n|glotto = haji1235\n|qid = Q8127\n|zoom = 9\n}}\n\n'''Bahasa Haji''' atau '''Aji''' adalah sebuah ragam bahasa [[Rumpun bahasa Melayik|Melayik]] yang digunakan oleh masyarakat Marga [[Suku Haji|Aji]] yang mendiami 12 desa di [[Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ulu Selatan]], serta beberapa pemukiman di [[Kabupaten Lampung Selatan]] hasil migrasi penduduk pada paruh pertama [[abad ke-20]]. Wilayah tutur bahasa Haji dihimpit oleh ragam-ragam dari [[Rumpun bahasa Lampungik|rumpun Lampung-Komering]] seperti [[Suku Daya|Daya]] dan [[Suku Ranau|Ranau]], serta ragam [[bahasa Melayu Barisan Selatan|Melayu Barisan Selatan]] seperti [[Bahasa Semende|Semende]].{{Cite book|last=Anderbeck|first=Karl|date=2007|title=Reflections in Southeast Asian Seas: Essays in honor of Professor James T. Collins|location=Pontianak|publisher=STAIN Pontianak Press|editor-last=Chong|editor-first=Shin|volume=Book II|pages=51–92|chapter=Haji: One language from twelve? A brief description of an interesting Malay dialect in South Sumatra|editor-last2=Harun|editor-first2=Karim|editor-last3=Alas|editor-first3=Yabit}}\n\n== Klasifikasi ==\nMeskipun bahasa Haji memiliki persentase [[kata serapan]] Lampung-Komering yang signifikan, sebagian besar [[kosakata]] dasarnya lebih ber[[kognat|padanan]] dengan rumpun Melayik. Di antara bahasa-bahasa Melayik sendiri, bahasa Haji sejauh ini dianggap sebagai [[bahasa isolat|isolat]] dan tidak berkerabat dekat dengan ragam-ragam Melayik di kawasan sekitarnya.{{cite book |last2=Anderbeck |first2=Karl |last1=McDowell |first1=Jonathan |year=2020 |title=The Malay Lects of Southern Sumatra |series=JSEALS Special Publication |volume=7 |publisher=University of Hawai'i Press |hdl=10524/52473 |ref=harv}} Analisis [[leksikostatistik]] terhadap kosakata dasar menunjukkan bahwa bahasa Haji hanya berbagi rerata sekitar 65% kosakata sekerabat ([[kognat]]) dengan ragam-ragam Melayu Barisan Selatan, 60% dengan ragam-ragam [[Rumpun bahasa Musi|Musi dan Palembang]], 63% dengan [[bahasa Proto-Melayik]], dan 60% dengan [[bahasa Indonesia]].\n\nBahasa Haji memiliki beberapa ciri arkais yang dipertahankan dari Proto-Melayik, tetapi hilang di ragam Melayik lainnya, seperti retensi bunyi *h (< [[bahasa Proto-Melayu-Polinesia|Proto-Melayu-Polinesia]] *q) di awal kata ({{lang|hji|''hasap''}} < PM *hasəp 'asap'), walaupun ada kemungkinan hal ini dipengaruhi oleh ragam Lampungik di sekitarnya yang juga mempertahankan bunyi tersebut. Bahasa Haji juga mempertahankan sistem vokal Proto-Melayik yang terdiri dari dua vokal tinggi {{IPA|/i/}} dan {{IPA|/u/}} (dengan alofon yang sedikit lebih rendah di suku kata akhir tertutup), vokal rendah {{IPA|/a/}}, [[pepet]], serta [[diftong]] {{IPA|/aj/}} dan {{IPA|/aw/}}. Bahasa ini juga merupakan satu dari sedikit ragam Melayik di Sumatra Selatan yang mempertahankan pengucapan Proto-Melayik *a di posisi akhir sebagai {{IPA|[a]}}; beberapa ragam Melayu Barisan Selatan di kawasan yang sama juga mempertahankan sistem vokal PM, tapi merealisasikan fonem {{IPA|/a/}} di akhir secara bervariasi menjadi {{IPA|[ɘ]}}, {{IPA|[ɨ]}} dan lain sebagainya. Di sisi lain, bahasa Haji juga memiliki beberapa inovasi [[fonologi]]s yang unik, seperti perubahan [[vokal tertutup]] menjadi {{IPA|/a/}} sebelum {{IPA|/h/}} yang tidak berada di posisi akhir, seperti {{lang|hji|''bahaya''}} < PM *buhaya 'buaya', {{lang|hji|''lahat''}} < PM *lihat 'lihat', dan {{lang|hji|''tahang''}} < PM *tihaŋ 'tiang'.\n\n== Sosiolinguistik ==\nBahasa Haji lazim digunakan dalam kegiatan sehari-hari di lingkungan domestik, terutama di [[keluarga inti]], dalam percakapan antarteman, serta sewaktu melakukan kegiatan di sawah dan kebun. Penutur bahasa Haji cenderung bertukar menggunakan bahasa Indonesia dalam domain [[formalitas|formal]] seperti urusan kepemerintahan dan keagamaan, serta bahasa Daya ([[bahasa Komering|Komering]]) dan [[bahasa Palembang]] saat berbelanja di kalangan (pasar mingguan).\n\nPenutur bahasa Haji cenderung menggunakan lebih banyak serapan rumpun Lampung ketika berbicara dengan penutur ragam dari rumpun tersebut. Tingginya penggunaan serapan rumpun Lampung kemungkinan juga dipengaruhi oleh [[pantangan]] untuk menggunakan kosakata Melayik tertentu di masa lalu. Linguis Karl Anderbeck yang merupakan ahli [[dialektologi]] Melayik dan Lampungik mencatat bahwa sebagian penutur bahasa Haji, misalnya, mengganti kata asli Melayik {{lang|hji|''hujan''}} 'hujan' dengan serapan Lampung {{lang|ljp|''terai''}} akibat pantangan leluhur. Perubahan leksikon akibat pantangan seperti ini lazim ditemui dalam bahasa-bahasa Austronesia secara umum, walaupun tampaknya proses ini sudah tidak produktif lagi di bahasa Haji.\n\n== Tata bahasa ==\n=== Pronomina ===\n{| class=\"wikitable\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\n|+ 1. Pronomina persona\n|-\n!Persona\n! Tunggal\n!Jamak\n|-\n| {{gcl|1P|persona pertama}}\n| ''aku''\n|''kami'' ({{gcl|EXCL|eksklusif}}), ''kita'' ({{gcl|INCL|inklusif}})\n|-\n|{{gcl|2P|persona kedua}}\n|''kangau'', ''kamu''\n|''kuti'' (kasar), ''kamujan'' (sopan)\n|-\n| {{gcl|3P|persona ketiga}}\n| ''ia''\n|''ijan''\n|}\n\nBahasa Haji menggunakan kata ganti penunjuk ''hani'' 'ini' dan ''hatu'' 'itu':\n:{{interlinear |lang=hji |number=(1) |indent=2\n|Malam '''hani''' nyepok-lah tangkapan '''hatu'''.\n|malam ini cari-EMP tangkapan itu\n|'Malam '''ini''' (mereka) carilah tangkapan '''itu'''.'\n}}\n\n=== Sintaksis ===\nSebagaimana ragam Semende dan rumpun Lampung yang bertetangga dengannya, bahasa Haji cenderung tidak menggunakan penanda [[klausa relatif]] ('yang'):\n:{{interlinear |lang=hji |number=(2) |indent=2\n|Manik-manik mana ndak ngguk-ku?\n|manik-RDP mana hendak untuk-1SG\n|'Manik-manik mana ('''yang''') hendak (diberikan) padaku?'\n}}\n\n== Referensi ==\n{{reflist}}\n\n== Pranala luar ==\n* {{en}} {{ethnologue|hji}}\n\n{{Bahasa daerah di Indonesia}}\n\n{{DEFAULTSORT:Haji}}\n[[Kategori:Bahasa di Sumatera Selatan]]\n[[Kategori:Bahasa di Sumatra]]\n[[Kategori:Bahasa di Indonesia]]\n[[Kategori:Rumpun bahasa Austronesia]]","hash":"1645b2ce5ea22c671fab29685bb4c2bdfe37cd09b2dc231cf330df77c20acf86","last_revision":"2024-04-07T02:13:10Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T12:23:28Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:15.205416","cross_lingual_links":{"bcl":"Tataramon na Haji","en":"Haji language","ilo":"Pagsasao a Haji","kge":"Bahasa Haji","min":"Bahaso Haji","ms":"Bahasa Haji","pl":"Język haji","sw":"Kihaji","zh":"哈吉语"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:48.630527","text":"Bahasa Haji atau Aji adalah sebuah ragam bahasa Melayik yang digunakan oleh masyarakat Marga Aji yang mendiami 12 desa di Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ulu Selatan, serta beberapa pemukiman di Kabupaten Lampung Selatan hasil migrasi penduduk pada paruh pertama abad ke-20. Wilayah tutur bahasa Haji dihimpit oleh ragam-ragam dari rumpun Lampung-Komering seperti Daya dan Ranau, serta ragam Melayu Barisan Selatan seperti Semende.\n\nMeskipun bahasa Haji memiliki persentase kata serapan Lampung-Komering yang signifikan, sebagian besar kosakata dasarnya lebih berpadanan dengan rumpun Melayik. Di antara bahasa-bahasa Melayik sendiri, bahasa Haji sejauh ini dianggap sebagai isolat dan tidak berkerabat dekat dengan ragam-ragam Melayik di kawasan sekitarnya. Analisis leksikostatistik terhadap kosakata dasar menunjukkan bahwa bahasa Haji hanya berbagi rerata sekitar 65% kosakata sekerabat (kognat) dengan ragam-ragam Melayu Barisan Selatan, 60% dengan ragam-ragam Musi dan Palembang, 63% dengan bahasa Proto-Melayik, dan 60% dengan bahasa Indonesia.\n\nBahasa Haji memiliki beberapa ciri arkais yang dipertahankan dari Proto-Melayik, tetapi hilang di ragam Melayik lainnya, seperti retensi bunyi *h (< Proto-Melayu-Polinesia *q) di awal kata ( < PM *hasəp 'asap'), walaupun ada kemungkinan hal ini dipengaruhi oleh ragam Lampungik di sekitarnya yang juga mempertahankan bunyi tersebut. Bahasa Haji juga mempertahankan sistem vokal Proto-Melayik yang terdiri dari dua vokal tinggi dan (dengan alofon yang sedikit lebih rendah di suku kata akhir tertutup), vokal rendah , pepet, serta diftong dan . Bahasa ini juga merupakan satu dari sedikit ragam Melayik di Sumatra Selatan yang mempertahankan pengucapan Proto-Melayik *a di posisi akhir sebagai ; beberapa ragam Melayu Barisan Selatan di kawasan yang sama juga mempertahankan sistem vokal PM, tapi merealisasikan fonem di akhir secara bervariasi menjadi , dan lain sebagainya. Di sisi lain, bahasa Haji juga memiliki beberapa inovasi fonologis yang unik, seperti perubahan vokal tertutup menjadi sebelum yang tidak berada di posisi akhir, seperti < PM *buhaya 'buaya', < PM *lihat 'lihat', dan < PM *tihaŋ 'tiang'.\n\nBahasa Haji lazim digunakan dalam kegiatan sehari-hari di lingkungan domestik, terutama di keluarga inti, dalam percakapan antarteman, serta sewaktu melakukan kegiatan di sawah dan kebun. Penutur bahasa Haji cenderung bertukar menggunakan bahasa Indonesia dalam domain formal seperti urusan kepemerintahan dan keagamaan, serta bahasa Daya (Komering) dan bahasa Palembang saat berbelanja di kalangan (pasar mingguan).\n\nPenutur bahasa Haji cenderung menggunakan lebih banyak serapan rumpun Lampung ketika berbicara dengan penutur ragam dari rumpun tersebut. Tingginya penggunaan serapan rumpun Lampung kemungkinan juga dipengaruhi oleh pantangan untuk menggunakan kosakata Melayik tertentu di masa lalu. Linguis Karl Anderbeck yang merupakan ahli dialektologi Melayik dan Lampungik mencatat bahwa sebagian penutur bahasa Haji, misalnya, mengganti kata asli Melayik 'hujan' dengan serapan Lampung akibat pantangan leluhur. Perubahan leksikon akibat pantangan seperti ini lazim ditemui dalam bahasa-bahasa Austronesia secara umum, walaupun tampaknya proses ini sudah tidak produktif lagi di bahasa Haji.\n\nBahasa Haji menggunakan kata ganti penunjuk hani 'ini' dan hatu 'itu':\n\nSebagaimana ragam Semende dan rumpun Lampung yang bertetangga dengannya, bahasa Haji cenderung tidak menggunakan penanda klausa relatif ('yang'):\n\nKategori:Bahasa di Sumatera Selatan Kategori:Bahasa di Sumatra Kategori:Bahasa di Indonesia Kategori:Rumpun bahasa Austronesia\n","elements":[{"type":"infobox","content":"{{Infobox Bahasa\n|name = Haji\n|nativename = Basa Haji
Cawa Haji\n|ethnicity = [[Suku Haji|Aji]]\n|states = \n|region = [[Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ulu Selatan]] (sebagian)\n|speakers = 18.500\n|familycolor = Austronesian\n|fam2 = \n|script =\n|iso3 = hji\n|glotto = haji1235\n|qid = Q8127\n|zoom = 9\n}}"},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Bahasa Haji atau Aji adalah sebuah ragam bahasa Melayik yang digunakan oleh masyarakat Marga Aji yang mendiami 12 desa di Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ulu Selatan, serta beberapa pemukiman di Kabupaten Lampung Selatan hasil migrasi penduduk pada paruh pertama abad ke-20.","translated_text":"The Haji or Aji language is a variety of Melayik language spoken by the Marga Aji people who inhabit 12 villages in South Komering Ulu Ogan County, as well as some settlements in South Lampung County as a result of population migration in the first half of the 20th century.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Wilayah tutur bahasa Haji dihimpit oleh ragam-ragam dari rumpun Lampung-Komering seperti Daya dan Ranau, serta ragam Melayu Barisan Selatan seperti Semende.","translated_text":"The Haji spoken area is surrounded by varieties of Lampung-Komering grasses such as Daya and Ranau, as well as Southern Barisan Malay varieties such as Semende.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[{"content":"{{Cite book|last=Anderbeck|first=Karl|date=2007|title=Reflections in Southeast Asian Seas: Essays in honor of Professor James T. Collins|location=Pontianak|publisher=STAIN Pontianak Press|editor-last=Chong|editor-first=Shin|volume=Book II|pages=51–92|chapter=Haji: One language from twelve? A brief description of an interesting Malay dialect in South Sumatra|editor-last2=Harun|editor-first2=Karim|editor-last3=Alas|editor-first3=Yabit}}","char_index":156,"name":"Anderbeck","url":null,"source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":null,"source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Klasifikasi","translated_text":"Classification","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Meskipun bahasa Haji memiliki persentase kata serapan Lampung-Komering yang signifikan, sebagian besar kosakata dasarnya lebih berpadanan dengan rumpun Melayik.","translated_text":"Although the Haji language has a significant percentage of Lampung-Komering slang words, most of the basic vocabulary resembles Melayik.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Di antara bahasa-bahasa Melayik sendiri, bahasa Haji sejauh ini dianggap sebagai isolat dan tidak berkerabat dekat dengan ragam-ragam Melayik di kawasan sekitarnya.","translated_text":"Among the Malayk languages themselves, the Haji language is by far considered isolated and not closely related to the Malayk varieties in the surrounding region.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{Cite book|last=Anderbeck|first=Karl|date=2007|title=Reflections in Southeast Asian Seas: Essays in honor of Professor James T. Collins|location=Pontianak|publisher=STAIN Pontianak Press|editor-last=Chong|editor-first=Shin|volume=Book II|pages=51–92|chapter=Haji: One language from twelve? A brief description of an interesting Malay dialect in South Sumatra|editor-last2=Harun|editor-first2=Karim|editor-last3=Alas|editor-first3=Yabit}}","char_index":164,"name":"Anderbeck","url":null,"source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":null,"source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{cite book |last2=Anderbeck |first2=Karl |last1=McDowell |first1=Jonathan |year=2020 |title=The Malay Lects of Southern Sumatra |series=JSEALS Special Publication |volume=7 |publisher=University of Hawai'i Press |hdl=10524/52473 |ref=harv}}","char_index":164,"name":"SSML","url":null,"source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":null,"source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Analisis leksikostatistik terhadap kosakata dasar menunjukkan bahwa bahasa Haji hanya berbagi rerata sekitar 65% kosakata sekerabat (kognat) dengan ragam-ragam Melayu Barisan Selatan, 60% dengan ragam-ragam Musi dan Palembang, 63% dengan bahasa Proto-Melayik, dan 60% dengan bahasa Indonesia.","translated_text":"A lexicostatic analysis of the basic vocabulary suggests that the Haji language only shares roughly 65% cognate vocabulary with South Barisan Malay varieties, 60% with Musi and Palembang varieties, 63% with Proto-Melayik languages, and 60% with Indonesian languages.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[{"content":"{{cite book |last2=Anderbeck |first2=Karl |last1=McDowell |first1=Jonathan |year=2020 |title=The Malay Lects of Southern Sumatra |series=JSEALS Special Publication |volume=7 |publisher=University of Hawai'i Press |hdl=10524/52473 |ref=harv}}","char_index":292,"name":"SSML","url":null,"source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":null,"source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Bahasa Haji memiliki beberapa ciri arkais yang dipertahankan dari Proto-Melayik, tetapi hilang di ragam Melayik lainnya, seperti retensi bunyi *h (< Proto-Melayu-Polinesia *q) di awal kata ( < PM","translated_text":"The Haji language has some archaic features preserved from Proto-Melayik, but is lost in other Melayik varieties, such as the sound retention *h (< Proto-Melayu-Polynesian *q) at the beginning of the word (< PM)","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"*hasəp 'asap'), walaupun ada kemungkinan hal ini dipengaruhi oleh ragam Lampungik di sekitarnya yang juga mempertahankan bunyi tersebut.","translated_text":"*hasəp 'smoke'), although it is possible that this is influenced by the Lampungic variety around it which also retains the sound.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Bahasa Haji juga mempertahankan sistem vokal Proto-Melayik yang terdiri dari dua vokal tinggi dan (dengan alofon yang sedikit lebih rendah di suku kata akhir tertutup), vokal rendah , pepet, serta diftong dan .","translated_text":"The Haji language also maintains a Proto-Melayan vocal system consisting of two high vowels and (with a slightly lower alophone in the closed final syllable), low vowels, pepet, as well as diftong and.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{Cite book|last=Anderbeck|first=Karl|date=2007|title=Reflections in Southeast Asian Seas: Essays in honor of Professor James T. Collins|location=Pontianak|publisher=STAIN Pontianak Press|editor-last=Chong|editor-first=Shin|volume=Book II|pages=51–92|chapter=Haji: One language from twelve? A brief description of an interesting Malay dialect in South Sumatra|editor-last2=Harun|editor-first2=Karim|editor-last3=Alas|editor-first3=Yabit}}","char_index":210,"name":"Anderbeck","url":null,"source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":null,"source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Bahasa ini juga merupakan satu dari sedikit ragam Melayik di Sumatra Selatan yang mempertahankan pengucapan Proto-Melayik *a di posisi akhir sebagai ; beberapa ragam Melayu Barisan Selatan di kawasan yang sama juga mempertahankan sistem vokal PM, tapi merealisasikan fonem di akhir secara bervariasi menjadi , dan lain sebagainya.","translated_text":"It is also one of the few Malayan varieties in South Sumatra that retains Proto-Malayan pronunciation *a in the final position as; some Southern Barisan Malayan varieties in the same region also retain the PM vocal system, but realize phonemes at the end varyingly to , and so on.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{cite book |last2=Anderbeck |first2=Karl |last1=McDowell |first1=Jonathan |year=2020 |title=The Malay Lects of Southern Sumatra |series=JSEALS Special Publication |volume=7 |publisher=University of Hawai'i Press |hdl=10524/52473 |ref=harv}}","char_index":330,"name":"SSML","url":null,"source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":null,"source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Di sisi lain, bahasa Haji juga memiliki beberapa inovasi fonologis yang unik, seperti perubahan vokal tertutup menjadi sebelum yang tidak berada di posisi akhir, seperti < PM","translated_text":"On the other hand, the Haji language also has some unique phonological innovations, such as changing the closed vowel to the previous one that is not in the final position, such as < PM","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"*buhaya 'buaya', < PM","translated_text":"♪ The crocodile's wealth ♪","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"*lihat 'lihat', dan < PM","translated_text":"* see 'see', and < PM","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"*tihaŋ 'tiang'.","translated_text":"♪ It's a tree ♪","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[{"content":"{{Cite book|last=Anderbeck|first=Karl|date=2007|title=Reflections in Southeast Asian Seas: Essays in honor of Professor James T. Collins|location=Pontianak|publisher=STAIN Pontianak Press|editor-last=Chong|editor-first=Shin|volume=Book II|pages=51–92|chapter=Haji: One language from twelve? A brief description of an interesting Malay dialect in South Sumatra|editor-last2=Harun|editor-first2=Karim|editor-last3=Alas|editor-first3=Yabit}}","char_index":15,"name":"Anderbeck","url":null,"source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":null,"source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Sosiolinguistik","translated_text":"Sociolinguistics","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Bahasa Haji lazim digunakan dalam kegiatan sehari-hari di lingkungan domestik, terutama di keluarga inti, dalam percakapan antarteman, serta sewaktu melakukan kegiatan di sawah dan kebun.","translated_text":"The Hajj language is commonly used in daily activities in domestic settings, especially in the core family, in friendly conversations, and when performing activities in the fields and gardens.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Penutur bahasa Haji cenderung bertukar menggunakan bahasa Indonesia dalam domain formal seperti urusan kepemerintahan dan keagamaan, serta bahasa Daya (Komering) dan bahasa Palembang saat berbelanja di kalangan (pasar mingguan).","translated_text":"Haji speakers tend to exchange using Indonesian in formal domains such as governmental and religious affairs, as well as Daya (Komering) and Palembang when shopping in circles (weekly markets).","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[{"content":"{{Cite book|last=Anderbeck|first=Karl|date=2007|title=Reflections in Southeast Asian Seas: Essays in honor of Professor James T. Collins|location=Pontianak|publisher=STAIN Pontianak Press|editor-last=Chong|editor-first=Shin|volume=Book II|pages=51–92|chapter=Haji: One language from twelve? A brief description of an interesting Malay dialect in South Sumatra|editor-last2=Harun|editor-first2=Karim|editor-last3=Alas|editor-first3=Yabit}}","char_index":228,"name":"Anderbeck","url":null,"source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":null,"source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Penutur bahasa Haji cenderung menggunakan lebih banyak serapan rumpun Lampung ketika berbicara dengan penutur ragam dari rumpun tersebut.","translated_text":"Haji speakers tend to use more Lampung slang when speaking to a variety of speakers of the slang.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Tingginya penggunaan serapan rumpun Lampung kemungkinan juga dipengaruhi oleh pantangan untuk menggunakan kosakata Melayik tertentu di masa lalu.","translated_text":"The high use of Lampung weed grafting may also have been influenced by restrictions on the use of certain Melayik vocabulary in the past.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Linguis Karl Anderbeck yang merupakan ahli dialektologi Melayik dan Lampungik mencatat bahwa sebagian penutur bahasa Haji, misalnya, mengganti kata asli Melayik 'hujan' dengan serapan Lampung akibat pantangan leluhur.","translated_text":"Linguist Karl Anderbeck who is an expert on Malay and Lampung dialectology notes that some Haji speakers, for example, replaced the original Malay word 'rain' with Lampung slang due to ancestral restrictions.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Perubahan leksikon akibat pantangan seperti ini lazim ditemui dalam bahasa-bahasa Austronesia secara umum, walaupun tampaknya proses ini sudah tidak produktif lagi di bahasa Haji.","translated_text":"Changes in the lexicon resulting from such constraints are common in Austronesian languages in general, although this process seems to be no longer productive in Haji.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[{"content":"{{Cite book|last=Anderbeck|first=Karl|date=2007|title=Reflections in Southeast Asian Seas: Essays in honor of Professor James T. Collins|location=Pontianak|publisher=STAIN Pontianak Press|editor-last=Chong|editor-first=Shin|volume=Book II|pages=51–92|chapter=Haji: One language from twelve? A brief description of an interesting Malay dialect in South Sumatra|editor-last2=Harun|editor-first2=Karim|editor-last3=Alas|editor-first3=Yabit}}","char_index":179,"name":"Anderbeck","url":null,"source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":null,"source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Tata bahasa","translated_text":"The grammar","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"heading","text":"Pronomina","translated_text":"Pronouns","level":3,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"table","content":"{| class=\"wikitable\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\n|+ 1. Pronomina persona\n|-\n!Persona\n! Tunggal\n!Jamak\n|-\n| {{gcl|1P|persona pertama}}\n| ''aku''\n|''kami'' ({{gcl|EXCL|eksklusif}}), ''kita'' ({{gcl|INCL|inklusif}})\n|-\n|{{gcl|2P|persona kedua}}\n|''kangau'', ''kamu''\n|''kuti'' (kasar), ''kamujan'' (sopan)\n|-\n| {{gcl|3P|persona ketiga}}\n| ''ia''\n|''ijan''\n|}"},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Bahasa Haji menggunakan kata ganti penunjuk hani 'ini' dan hatu 'itu':","translated_text":"The Haji language uses the adjectives hani indicator 'ini' and hatu 'itu':","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Sintaksis","translated_text":"The syntax","level":3,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Sebagaimana ragam Semende dan rumpun Lampung yang bertetangga dengannya, bahasa Haji cenderung tidak menggunakan penanda klausa relatif ('yang'):","translated_text":"Like the Semende variety and its neighboring Lampung grams, Haji tends not to use relative clause markers ('the'):","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Referensi","translated_text":"References","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"heading","text":"Pranala luar","translated_text":"External connections","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kategori:Bahasa di Sumatera Selatan Kategori:Bahasa di Sumatra Kategori:Bahasa di Indonesia Kategori:Rumpun bahasa Austronesia","translated_text":"Category:Languages in South Sumatra Category:Languages in Sumatra Category:Languages in Indonesia Category:Rumpon languages of Austronesia","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[{"text":"Bahasa Haji atau Aji adalah sebuah ragam bahasa Melayik yang digunakan oleh masyarakat Marga Aji yang mendiami 12 desa di Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ulu Selatan, serta beberapa pemukiman di Kabupaten Lampung Selatan hasil migrasi penduduk pada paruh pertama abad ke-20. Wilayah tutur bahasa Haji dihimpit oleh ragam-ragam dari rumpun Lampung-Komering seperti Daya dan Ranau, serta ragam Melayu Barisan Selatan seperti Semende.","translated_text":"The Haji or Aji language is a variety of Melayik language spoken by the Marga Aji people who inhabit 12 villages in South Komering Ulu Ogan County, as well as some settlements in South Lampung County as a result of population migration in the first half of the 20th century. The Haji spoken area is surrounded by varieties of Lampung-Komering grasses such as Daya and Ranau, as well as Southern Barisan Malay varieties such as Semende.","citations":[{"content":"{{Cite book|last=Anderbeck|first=Karl|date=2007|title=Reflections in Southeast Asian Seas: Essays in honor of Professor James T. Collins|location=Pontianak|publisher=STAIN Pontianak Press|editor-last=Chong|editor-first=Shin|volume=Book II|pages=51–92|chapter=Haji: One language from twelve? A brief description of an interesting Malay dialect in South Sumatra|editor-last2=Harun|editor-first2=Karim|editor-last3=Alas|editor-first3=Yabit}}","char_index":423,"name":"Anderbeck","url":null,"source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":null,"source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Meskipun bahasa Haji memiliki persentase kata serapan Lampung-Komering yang signifikan, sebagian besar kosakata dasarnya lebih berpadanan dengan rumpun Melayik. Di antara bahasa-bahasa Melayik sendiri, bahasa Haji sejauh ini dianggap sebagai isolat dan tidak berkerabat dekat dengan ragam-ragam Melayik di kawasan sekitarnya.","translated_text":"Although the Haji language has a significant percentage of Lampung-Komering slang words, most of the basic vocabulary resembles Melayik. Among the Malayk languages themselves, the Haji language is by far considered isolated and not closely related to the Malayk varieties in the surrounding region.","citations":[{"content":"{{Cite book|last=Anderbeck|first=Karl|date=2007|title=Reflections in Southeast Asian Seas: Essays in honor of Professor James T. Collins|location=Pontianak|publisher=STAIN Pontianak Press|editor-last=Chong|editor-first=Shin|volume=Book II|pages=51–92|chapter=Haji: One language from twelve? A brief description of an interesting Malay dialect in South Sumatra|editor-last2=Harun|editor-first2=Karim|editor-last3=Alas|editor-first3=Yabit}}","char_index":325,"name":"Anderbeck","url":null,"source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":null,"source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{cite book |last2=Anderbeck |first2=Karl |last1=McDowell |first1=Jonathan |year=2020 |title=The Malay Lects of Southern Sumatra |series=JSEALS Special Publication |volume=7 |publisher=University of Hawai'i Press |hdl=10524/52473 |ref=harv}}","char_index":325,"name":"SSML","url":null,"source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":null,"source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Meskipun bahasa Haji memiliki persentase kata serapan Lampung-Komering yang signifikan, sebagian besar kosakata dasarnya lebih berpadanan dengan rumpun Melayik. Di antara bahasa-bahasa Melayik sendiri, bahasa Haji sejauh ini dianggap sebagai isolat dan tidak berkerabat dekat dengan ragam-ragam Melayik di kawasan sekitarnya. Analisis leksikostatistik terhadap kosakata dasar menunjukkan bahwa bahasa Haji hanya berbagi rerata sekitar 65% kosakata sekerabat (kognat) dengan ragam-ragam Melayu Barisan Selatan, 60% dengan ragam-ragam Musi dan Palembang, 63% dengan bahasa Proto-Melayik, dan 60% dengan bahasa Indonesia.","translated_text":"Although the Haji language has a significant percentage of Lampung-Komering slang words, most of the basic vocabulary resembles Melayik. Among the Malayk languages themselves, the Haji language is by far considered isolated and not closely related to the Malayk varieties in the surrounding region. A lexicostatic analysis of the basic vocabulary suggests that the Haji language only shares roughly 65% cognate vocabulary with South Barisan Malay varieties, 60% with Musi and Palembang varieties, 63% with Proto-Melayik languages, and 60% with Indonesian languages.","citations":[{"content":"{{cite book |last2=Anderbeck |first2=Karl |last1=McDowell |first1=Jonathan |year=2020 |title=The Malay Lects of Southern Sumatra |series=JSEALS Special Publication |volume=7 |publisher=University of Hawai'i Press |hdl=10524/52473 |ref=harv}}","char_index":618,"name":"SSML","url":null,"source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":null,"source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Bahasa Haji memiliki beberapa ciri arkais yang dipertahankan dari Proto-Melayik, tetapi hilang di ragam Melayik lainnya, seperti retensi bunyi *h (< Proto-Melayu-Polinesia *q) di awal kata ( < PM *hasəp 'asap'), walaupun ada kemungkinan hal ini dipengaruhi oleh ragam Lampungik di sekitarnya yang juga mempertahankan bunyi tersebut. Bahasa Haji juga mempertahankan sistem vokal Proto-Melayik yang terdiri dari dua vokal tinggi dan (dengan alofon yang sedikit lebih rendah di suku kata akhir tertutup), vokal rendah , pepet, serta diftong dan .","translated_text":"The Haji language has some archaic features preserved from Proto-Melayik, but is lost in other Melayik varieties, such as the sound retention *h (< Proto-Melayu-Polynesian *q) at the beginning of the word (< PM) *hasəp 'smoke'), although it is possible that this is influenced by the Lampungic variety around it which also retains the sound. The Haji language also maintains a Proto-Melayan vocal system consisting of two high vowels and (with a slightly lower alophone in the closed final syllable), low vowels, pepet, as well as diftong and.","citations":[{"content":"{{Cite book|last=Anderbeck|first=Karl|date=2007|title=Reflections in Southeast Asian Seas: Essays in honor of Professor James T. Collins|location=Pontianak|publisher=STAIN Pontianak Press|editor-last=Chong|editor-first=Shin|volume=Book II|pages=51–92|chapter=Haji: One language from twelve? A brief description of an interesting Malay dialect in South Sumatra|editor-last2=Harun|editor-first2=Karim|editor-last3=Alas|editor-first3=Yabit}}","char_index":543,"name":"Anderbeck","url":null,"source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":null,"source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"*hasəp 'asap'), walaupun ada kemungkinan hal ini dipengaruhi oleh ragam Lampungik di sekitarnya yang juga mempertahankan bunyi tersebut. Bahasa Haji juga mempertahankan sistem vokal Proto-Melayik yang terdiri dari dua vokal tinggi dan (dengan alofon yang sedikit lebih rendah di suku kata akhir tertutup), vokal rendah , pepet, serta diftong dan . Bahasa ini juga merupakan satu dari sedikit ragam Melayik di Sumatra Selatan yang mempertahankan pengucapan Proto-Melayik *a di posisi akhir sebagai ; beberapa ragam Melayu Barisan Selatan di kawasan yang sama juga mempertahankan sistem vokal PM, tapi merealisasikan fonem di akhir secara bervariasi menjadi , dan lain sebagainya.","translated_text":"*hasəp 'smoke'), although it is possible that this is influenced by the Lampungic variety around it which also retains the sound. The Haji language also maintains a Proto-Melayan vocal system consisting of two high vowels and (with a slightly lower alophone in the closed final syllable), low vowels, pepet, as well as diftong and. It is also one of the few Malayan varieties in South Sumatra that retains Proto-Malayan pronunciation *a in the final position as; some Southern Barisan Malayan varieties in the same region also retain the PM vocal system, but realize phonemes at the end varyingly to , and so on.","citations":[{"content":"{{cite book |last2=Anderbeck |first2=Karl |last1=McDowell |first1=Jonathan |year=2020 |title=The Malay Lects of Southern Sumatra |series=JSEALS Special Publication |volume=7 |publisher=University of Hawai'i Press |hdl=10524/52473 |ref=harv}}","char_index":678,"name":"SSML","url":null,"source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":null,"source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"*buhaya 'buaya', < PM *lihat 'lihat', dan < PM *tihaŋ 'tiang'.","translated_text":"♪ The crocodile's wealth ♪ * see 'see', and < PM ♪ It's a tree ♪","citations":[{"content":"{{Cite book|last=Anderbeck|first=Karl|date=2007|title=Reflections in Southeast Asian Seas: Essays in honor of Professor James T. Collins|location=Pontianak|publisher=STAIN Pontianak Press|editor-last=Chong|editor-first=Shin|volume=Book II|pages=51–92|chapter=Haji: One language from twelve? A brief description of an interesting Malay dialect in South Sumatra|editor-last2=Harun|editor-first2=Karim|editor-last3=Alas|editor-first3=Yabit}}","char_index":62,"name":"Anderbeck","url":null,"source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":null,"source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Bahasa Haji lazim digunakan dalam kegiatan sehari-hari di lingkungan domestik, terutama di keluarga inti, dalam percakapan antarteman, serta sewaktu melakukan kegiatan di sawah dan kebun. Penutur bahasa Haji cenderung bertukar menggunakan bahasa Indonesia dalam domain formal seperti urusan kepemerintahan dan keagamaan, serta bahasa Daya (Komering) dan bahasa Palembang saat berbelanja di kalangan (pasar mingguan).","translated_text":"The Hajj language is commonly used in daily activities in domestic settings, especially in the core family, in friendly conversations, and when performing activities in the fields and gardens. Haji speakers tend to exchange using Indonesian in formal domains such as governmental and religious affairs, as well as Daya (Komering) and Palembang when shopping in circles (weekly markets).","citations":[{"content":"{{Cite book|last=Anderbeck|first=Karl|date=2007|title=Reflections in Southeast Asian Seas: Essays in honor of Professor James T. Collins|location=Pontianak|publisher=STAIN Pontianak Press|editor-last=Chong|editor-first=Shin|volume=Book II|pages=51–92|chapter=Haji: One language from twelve? A brief description of an interesting Malay dialect in South Sumatra|editor-last2=Harun|editor-first2=Karim|editor-last3=Alas|editor-first3=Yabit}}","char_index":416,"name":"Anderbeck","url":null,"source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":null,"source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Tingginya penggunaan serapan rumpun Lampung kemungkinan juga dipengaruhi oleh pantangan untuk menggunakan kosakata Melayik tertentu di masa lalu. Linguis Karl Anderbeck yang merupakan ahli dialektologi Melayik dan Lampungik mencatat bahwa sebagian penutur bahasa Haji, misalnya, mengganti kata asli Melayik 'hujan' dengan serapan Lampung akibat pantangan leluhur. Perubahan leksikon akibat pantangan seperti ini lazim ditemui dalam bahasa-bahasa Austronesia secara umum, walaupun tampaknya proses ini sudah tidak produktif lagi di bahasa Haji.","translated_text":"The high use of Lampung weed grafting may also have been influenced by restrictions on the use of certain Melayik vocabulary in the past. Linguist Karl Anderbeck who is an expert on Malay and Lampung dialectology notes that some Haji speakers, for example, replaced the original Malay word 'rain' with Lampung slang due to ancestral restrictions. Changes in the lexicon resulting from such constraints are common in Austronesian languages in general, although this process seems to be no longer productive in Haji.","citations":[{"content":"{{Cite book|last=Anderbeck|first=Karl|date=2007|title=Reflections in Southeast Asian Seas: Essays in honor of Professor James T. Collins|location=Pontianak|publisher=STAIN Pontianak Press|editor-last=Chong|editor-first=Shin|volume=Book II|pages=51–92|chapter=Haji: One language from twelve? A brief description of an interesting Malay dialect in South Sumatra|editor-last2=Harun|editor-first2=Karim|editor-last3=Alas|editor-first3=Yabit}}","char_index":543,"name":"Anderbeck","url":null,"source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":null,"source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]}]} +{"title":"Bahasa Kaur","wikicode":"{{Infobox Bahasa\n|name= Bahasa Kaur\n|nativename= \n|states=[[Indonesia]]\n|region= [[Kabupaten Kaur]]\n|speakers= 40.000 (2000)\n|familycolor=Austronesian\n|fam1=[[Rumpun bahasa Melayu-Polinesia|Melayu-Polinesia]]\n|fam2= [[Rumpun bahasa Melayu-Sumbawa|Melayu-Sumbawa]]\n|fam3= [[Rumpun bahasa Melayik|Melayik]]\n|fam4= [[Rumpun bahasa Melayu Barisan Selatan|Melayu Barisan Selatan]]\n|dialects= \n|dia1=\n|dia2= \n|dia3= \n|script=\n|rank=\n|agency=\n|iso1=-\n|iso2=-\n|iso3=vkk\n}}\n'''Bahasa Kaur''' adalah [[bahasa daerah]] yang digunakan [[suku Kaur]] di [[kabupaten Kaur]], [[Bengkulu]]. Menurut dialektometri, kesamaan leksikal bahasa ini dengan bahasa-bahasa lain disekitarnya adalah 60% kosakata memiliki persamaan dengan dialek-dialek dari [[Bahasa Melayu Barisan Selatan|bahasa Melayu Tengah]], 30% memiliki persamaan dengan [[bahasa Lampung Api]], 10% sisanya merupakan kosakata asli yang tidak ditemukan di kedua bahasa diatas ataupun bahasa-bahasa lainnya. Dikarenakan [[kosakata]] bahasa Kaur banyak berasal dari [[bahasa Lampung Api]], maka bahasa ini sulit dipahami penutur bahasa Melayu Tengah ataupun dialek bahasa Melayu lainnya.[http://www.ethnologue.com/language/vkk A language of Indonesia]\n\n== Referensi ==\n{{reflist}}\n\n== Pranala luar ==\n* {{ethnologue|vkk}}\n\n{{Bahasa daerah di Indonesia}}\n\n{{DEFAULTSORT:Kaur}}\n[[Kategori:Bahasa di Indonesia]]\n[[Kategori:Suku Kaur]]","hash":"be91db2f8b952461c28bf98d1ce2096bc57615bb16eedd6fbd3a4176f2993a41","last_revision":"2023-12-25T07:09:40Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T12:24:46Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:15.261093","cross_lingual_links":{"arz":"كور","bcl":"Tataramon na Kaur","en":"Kaur language","ilo":"Pagsasao a Kaur","min":"Bahaso Kaur","ms":"Bahasa Kaur","pl":"Język kaur","pms":"Lenga Kaur","sw":"Kikaur"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:48.630527","text":"Bahasa Kaur adalah bahasa daerah yang digunakan suku Kaur di kabupaten Kaur, Bengkulu. Menurut dialektometri, kesamaan leksikal bahasa ini dengan bahasa-bahasa lain disekitarnya adalah 60% kosakata memiliki persamaan dengan dialek-dialek dari bahasa Melayu Tengah, 30% memiliki persamaan dengan bahasa Lampung Api, 10% sisanya merupakan kosakata asli yang tidak ditemukan di kedua bahasa diatas ataupun bahasa-bahasa lainnya. Dikarenakan kosakata bahasa Kaur banyak berasal dari bahasa Lampung Api, maka bahasa ini sulit dipahami penutur bahasa Melayu Tengah ataupun dialek bahasa Melayu lainnya.\n\nKategori:Bahasa di Indonesia Kategori:Suku Kaur\n","elements":[{"type":"infobox","content":"{{Infobox Bahasa\n|name= Bahasa Kaur\n|nativename= \n|states=[[Indonesia]]\n|region= [[Kabupaten Kaur]]\n|speakers= 40.000 (2000)\n|familycolor=Austronesian\n|fam1=[[Rumpun bahasa Melayu-Polinesia|Melayu-Polinesia]]\n|fam2= [[Rumpun bahasa Melayu-Sumbawa|Melayu-Sumbawa]]\n|fam3= [[Rumpun bahasa Melayik|Melayik]]\n|fam4= [[Rumpun bahasa Melayu Barisan Selatan|Melayu Barisan Selatan]]\n|dialects= \n|dia1=\n|dia2= \n|dia3= \n|script=\n|rank=\n|agency=\n|iso1=-\n|iso2=-\n|iso3=vkk\n}}"},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Bahasa Kaur adalah bahasa daerah yang digunakan suku Kaur di kabupaten Kaur, Bengkulu.","translated_text":"Kaur language is the regional language spoken by the Kaur tribe in Kaur district, Bengkulu.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Menurut dialektometri, kesamaan leksikal bahasa ini dengan bahasa-bahasa lain disekitarnya adalah 60% kosakata memiliki persamaan dengan dialek-dialek dari bahasa Melayu Tengah, 30% memiliki persamaan dengan bahasa Lampung Api, 10% sisanya merupakan kosakata asli yang tidak ditemukan di kedua bahasa diatas ataupun bahasa-bahasa lainnya.","translated_text":"According to dialectometry, the lexical similarity of this language with the other languages around it is that 60% of the vocabulary has similarities with the dialects of Central Malay, 30% has similarities with the Lampung Api language, the remaining 10% is native vocabulary that is not found in either of the above languages or other languages.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Dikarenakan kosakata bahasa Kaur banyak berasal dari bahasa Lampung Api, maka bahasa ini sulit dipahami penutur bahasa Melayu Tengah ataupun dialek bahasa Melayu lainnya.","translated_text":"Since the Kaur vocabulary is largely derived from the Lampung Fire language, it is difficult for Central Malay speakers or other Malay dialects to understand.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[{"content":"[http://www.ethnologue.com/language/vkk A language of Indonesia]","char_index":170,"name":null,"url":"http://www.ethnologue.com/language/vkk","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html; charset=UTF-8","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":8247,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:26:55.875063-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":"Text is too short (6 words)","source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Referensi","translated_text":"References","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"heading","text":"Pranala luar","translated_text":"External connections","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kategori:Bahasa di Indonesia Kategori:Suku Kaur","translated_text":"Category:Languages in Indonesia Category:Swedish language","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[{"text":"Bahasa Kaur adalah bahasa daerah yang digunakan suku Kaur di kabupaten Kaur, Bengkulu. Menurut dialektometri, kesamaan leksikal bahasa ini dengan bahasa-bahasa lain disekitarnya adalah 60% kosakata memiliki persamaan dengan dialek-dialek dari bahasa Melayu Tengah, 30% memiliki persamaan dengan bahasa Lampung Api, 10% sisanya merupakan kosakata asli yang tidak ditemukan di kedua bahasa diatas ataupun bahasa-bahasa lainnya. Dikarenakan kosakata bahasa Kaur banyak berasal dari bahasa Lampung Api, maka bahasa ini sulit dipahami penutur bahasa Melayu Tengah ataupun dialek bahasa Melayu lainnya.","translated_text":"Kaur language is the regional language spoken by the Kaur tribe in Kaur district, Bengkulu. According to dialectometry, the lexical similarity of this language with the other languages around it is that 60% of the vocabulary has similarities with the dialects of Central Malay, 30% has similarities with the Lampung Api language, the remaining 10% is native vocabulary that is not found in either of the above languages or other languages. Since the Kaur vocabulary is largely derived from the Lampung Fire language, it is difficult for Central Malay speakers or other Malay dialects to understand.","citations":[{"content":"[http://www.ethnologue.com/language/vkk A language of Indonesia]","char_index":596,"name":null,"url":"http://www.ethnologue.com/language/vkk","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html; charset=UTF-8","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":8247,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:26:55.875063-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":"Text is too short (6 words)","source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]}]} +{"title":"Bahasa Kerinci","wikicode":"{{Infobox Bahasa\n|name=Kerinci\n|pronunciation = {{IPA|ba.sə kiɲ.t͡ʃai̯|}}\n|nativename={{lang|kvr|Basê Kincai}}\n|states={{flag|Indonesia}}{{br}}{{flag|Malaysia}}{{br}}{{flag|Bahrain}}\n|region={{flag|Jambi}}{{br}}{{flag|Negeri Sembilan}}{{br}}{{flag|Selangor}}\n|ethnicity= [[suku Kerinci|Kerinci]]\n|speakers={{formatnum:254125}}\n|dateprefix =Jambi, \n|date =2000\n|ref ={{Cite web|title=Badan Pusat Statistik|url=https://jambi.bps.go.id/indicator/12/1107/1/penduduk-menurut-wilayah-administrasi-dan-suku-bangsa.html|website=jambi.bps.go.id|access-date=2021-12-26}}\n|speakers2={{formatnum:25000}} (Bahrain, 2004)\n|familycolor=Austronesia\n|fam2=[[Rumpun bahasa Melayu-Polinesia|Melayu-Polinesia]]\n|fam3=[[Rumpun bahasa Melayu–Sumbawa|Melayu-Sumbawa]]\n|fam4=[[Bahasa Melayik|Malayik]]\n|fam5=[[Nuklir Melayik|Nuklir Malayik]]\n|fam6=[[Melayu Sumatera Utara|Malayik Sumatra Sebelah Utara]] \n|fam7=Kerinci-Minang\n|script=[[Alfabet Latin|Latin]]{{br}}[[Aksara Incung|Incung]]\n|minority={{flag|Indonesia}}\n|agency=[[Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa]]\n|dia1=Belui Air Hangat|dia2=Danau Kerinci|dia3=Gunung Kerinci|dia4=Gunung Raya|dia5=Pembantu Sungai Tutung|dia6=Sitinjau Laut|dia7=Sungai Penuh\n|iso3=kvr\n|glotto=keri1250\n| glottorefname = Kerinci\n| lingua = 33-AFA-da\n|map=Kerinci Language Map.svg\n|mapcaption=Keterangan:{{br}}{{color box|#cc0000}} Wilayah di mana bahasa Kerinci dominan dipertuturkan\n| notice = IPA}}\n\n'''Bahasa Kerinci''' adalah bahasa [[Rumpun bahasa Austronesia|Austronesia]] yang utamanya dituturkan oleh penduduk bersuku [[Suku Kerinci|Kerinci]] di kota [[Kota Sungai Penuh|Sungai Penuh]], kabupaten [[Kerinci]] serta sebagian [[Merangin]] dan [[Bungo]], [[Jambi]].{{Cite book|last=Sugono|first=Dendy|last2=Sasangka|first2=S. S. T. Wisnu|last3=Rivay|first3=Ovi Soviaty|date=2017|url=http://repositori.kemdikbud.go.id/7191/|title=Bahasa dan peta bahasa di Indonesia|location=Jakarta|publisher=Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan|editor-last=Sugono|editor-first=Dendy|pages=37|language=id|editor-last2=Sasangka|editor-first2=S. S. T. Wisnu|editor-last3=Rivay|editor-first3=Ovi Soviaty|url-status=live}} Bahasa ini juga dituturkan oleh diaspora Kerinci di wilayah lain di Indonesia, seperti di [[Sumatera Barat]] dan [[Jawa]]; serta di luar Indonesia seperti di [[Bahrain]], [[Negeri Sembilan]] dan [[Selangor]],{{efn|Sungai Lui, Sungai Gahal, Sungai Semungkis, dan Pansen di Distrik Hulu Langat}} [[Malaysia]].{{Cite web|title=Bahrain|url=https://www.ethnologue.com/country/bh/languages|website=Ethnologue|language=en|access-date=2021-12-27}}{{Cite web|title=Ceramah Linguistik “Teka-Teki Bahasa Kerinci”|url=https://fib.ui.ac.id/2014/10/17/ceramah-linguistik-teka-teki-bahasa-kerinci/|language=id-ID|access-date=2021-12-27}}{{Cite book|date=2002|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51647238|title=Between worlds : linguistic papers in memory of David John Prentice|location=Canberra|publisher=Pacific Linguistics, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, the Australian National University|isbn=0-85883-478-2|others=K. Alexander Adelaar, D. J. Prentice, R. A. Blust, Australian National University. Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies|oclc=51647238}} Jumlah total penutur bahasa Kerinci diperkirakan mencapai sekitar 300 ribu (2004). Sebagai bahasa Austronesia dari sub-kelompok [[Rumpun bahasa Melayu-Polinesia|Melayu-Polinesia]], bahasa Kerinci juga berkerabat dekat dengan bahasa [[Bahasa Minangkabau|Minangkabau]] dan bahasa [[Bahasa Melayu Jambi|Melayu Jambi]].\n\nBahasa Kerinci memiliki keragaman yang sangat tinggi; diperkirakan terdapat 130 sub-dialek dan 7 dialek utama, yaitu dialek Gunung Raya, dialek Danau Kerinci, dialek Sitinjau Laut, dialek Sungai Penuh, dialek Pembantu Sungai Tutung, dialek Belui Air Hangat, dan dialek Gunung Kerinci.{{Cite news|title=Kemendikbud Ungkap Penyebab Bahasa Kerinci Terancam Punah|url=https://www.jpnn.com/news/kemendikbud-ungkap-penyebab-bahasa-kerinci-terancam-punah|work=[[Jawa Pos|JPNN.com]]|language=id|access-date=2021-12-27|last=Budi|date=2018-08-22}} Berdasarkan penghitungan dialektometri, persentase perbedaan ketujuh dialek tersebut berkisar 51%-65,50%. Sedangkan bahasa Kerinci memiliki persentase perbedaan berkisar 81%-100% jika dibandingkan dengan bahasa Bengkulu dan Minangkabau.\n\n== Sejarah ==\nBahasa Kerinci adalah salah satu dari banyak ragam [[bahasa Melayik|bahasa Malayik]]. Para ahli linguistik percaya bahwa bahasa Melayu—salah satu ragam dari [[Rumpun bahasa Melayik|masing-masing ragam bahasa Malayik]]—awalnya berasal dari bahasa Malayik Purba yang dituturkan di daerah yang membentang antara Kalimantan Barat hingga utara pesisir Brunei sekitar tahun 1000 SM. Nenek moyangnya, [[Bahasa Proto-Melayu-Polinesia|bahasa Melayu-Polinesia Purba]], diperkirakan berasal dari [[Bahasa Proto-Austronesia|bahasa Austronesia Purba]] yang pecah pada tahun 2000 SM akibat perluasan besar-besaran bangsa Austronesia ke [[Asia Tenggara Maritim]] dari [[pulau Taiwan]].{{citation | last = Andaya | first = Leonard Y. | title = The Search for the 'Origins' of Melayu | journal = Journal of Southeast Asian Studies | volume = 32 | issue = 3 | pages = 315–330 | year = 2001 | url = http://sabrizain.org/malaya/library/search.pdf | doi = 10.1017/s0022463401000169 | jstor = 20072349 | s2cid = 62886471 | access-date = 13 October 2019 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20171011113403/http://sabrizain.org/malaya/library/search.pdf | archive-date = 11 October 2017 | url-status = live }}\n\nBahasa Kerinci adalah anggota dari [[rumpun bahasa Austronesia]], yang mencangkum berbagai bahasa di [[Asia Tenggara]], [[Lautan Teduh]], hingga [[Madagaskar]], dan beberapa bahasa di [[Asia]] Daratan. Uniknya, bahasa Kerinci juga memiliki beberapa fonem yang mirip dengan [[Rumpun bahasa Austroasia|bahasa Austroasia]].Van Reijn, E.O. (1974). \"[https://www.jstor.org/stable/41492089 Some Remarks on the Dialects of North Kerintji: A link with Mon-Khmer Languages].\" ''Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society'', 31, 2: 130-138. Bahasa Kerinci memiliki tingkat [[kesalingpahaman]] yang tinggi dengan [[bahasa Minangkabau]]. Hal ini tidak terlepas dari kenyataan bahwa di masa lalu, kemendapoan-kemendapoan Kerinci berada di dalam daerah rantau [[Kerajaan Pagaruyung]].Djamaris, Edwar, (1991), ''Tambo Minangkabau'', Jakarta: Balai Pustaka.{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OtWdhQ7vc6kC&q=Indonesian+Malaysian+Malay+differences&pg=PA71|title=The Austronesian Languages of Asia and Madagascar|last1=Adelaar|first1=K. Alexander|last2=Himmelmann|first2=Nikolaus|date=2013-03-07|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9781136755095|language=en}}\n\n[[Bahasa Malagasi]], [[bahasa Filipino]], [[Rumpun bahasa Formosa|bahasa-bahasa asli Taiwan]], dan [[bahasa Maori]] juga merupakan anggota rumpun bahasa ini. Meskipun setiap bahasa dari keluarga ini tidak dapat dipahami satu sama lain, kesamaan mereka agak mencolok. Banyak kata dasar yang hampir tidak berubah dari nenek moyang mereka yang sama, yaitu [[bahasa Proto-Austronesia|bahasa Austronesia Purba]]. Ada banyak [[Kata kerabat|kata sekerabat]] yang ditemukan dalam kata-kata dasar untuk kekerabatan, kesehatan, bagian tubuh, dan hewan umum. Bahkan penyebutan angka memiliki tingkat kesamaan yang luar biasa.\n\n{{anchor|Numbers}}\n{|class=\"wikitable sortable\"\n|+ Angka dalam [[Rumpun bahasa Austronesia|bahasa-bahasa Austronesia]]\n|- align=center\n!\n! 1\n! 2\n! 3\n! 4\n! 5\n! 6\n! 7\n! 8\n! 9\n! 10\n|- align=center\n! [[bahasa Proto-Austronesia|PAN]], {{small|{{circa|4000}} SM}}\n| *isa || *DuSa || *telu || *Sepat || *lima || *enem || *pitu || *walu || *Siwa || *puluq\n|- align=center\n! Kerinci{{br}}(Sungai Penuh)\n| satau || duê || tigê || êmpak || limò || ênang || tujeuh || salapang || sambilêng || sapulouh\n|- align=center\n! [[bahasa Minangkabau|Minangkabau]] \n| ciek || duo || tigo || ampek || limo || anam || tujuah || salapan || sambilan || sapuluah\n|- align=center\n! [[bahasa Amis|Amis]] \n| cecay || tusa || tulu || sepat || lima || enem || pitu || falu || siwa || pulu'\n|- align=center\n! [[bahasa Sunda|Sunda]]\n| hiji || dua || tilu || opat || lima || genep || tujuh || dalapan || salapan || sapuluh\n|- align=center\n! [[bahasa Tsou|Tsou]] \n| coni || yuso || tuyu || sʉptʉ || eimo || nomʉ || pitu || voyu || sio || maskʉ\n|- align=center\n! [[bahasa Tagalog|Tagalog]] \n| isá || dalawá || tatló || ápat || limá || ánim || pitó || waló || siyám || sampu\n|- align=center\n! [[bahasa Ilokano|Ilocano]] \n| maysá || dua || talló || uppát || limá || inném || pitó || waló || siam || sangapúlo\n|- align=center\n! [[bahasa Cebuano|Cebuano]] \n| usá || duhá || tuló || upat || limá || unom || pitó || waló || siyám || napulu\n|- align=center\n! [[bahasa Chamorro|Chamorro]] \n| maisa/håcha || hugua || tulu || fatfat || lima || gunum || fiti || guålu || sigua || månot/fulu\n|- align=center\n! [[bahasa Malagasi|Malagasi]] \n| iray/isa || roa || telo || efatra || dimy || enina || fito || valo || sivy || folo\n|- align=center\n! [[bahasa Cham|Chăm]] \n| sa || dua || tlau || pak || limy || nam || tajuh || dalipan || thalipan || pluh\n|- align=center\n! [[bahasa Batak|Batak]] \n| {{lang|ms|sada}} || dua || tolu || opat || lima || onom || pitu || walu || sia || sapuluh\n|- align=center\n! [[bahasa Rejang|Rejang]]{{Cite book\n | last = Munir Hamidy\n | first = Badrul \n | title = Kamus Lengkap Indonesia-Rejang, Rejang-Indonesia\n | publisher = Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan\n | year = 1985\n | page = xv\n }}\n| do || duai || tlau || pat || lêmo || num || tujuak || dêlapên || sêmbilan || sêpuluak\n|- align=center\n! [[bahasa Jawa|Jawa]] \n| siji || loro || telu || papat || lima || nem || pitu || wolu || sanga || sepuluh\n|- align=center\n! [[bahasa Tetun|Tetun]] \n| ida || rua || tolu || hat || lima || nen || hitu || ualu || sia || sanulu\n|- align=center\n! [[bahasa Biak|Biak]] \n| eser/oser || suru || kyor || fyak || rim || wonem || fik || war || siw || samfur\n|- align=center\n! [[bahasa Fiji|Fiji]] \n| dua || rua || tolu || vā || lima || ono || vitu || walu || ciwa || tini\n|- align=center\n! [[Bahasa Kiribati|Kiribati]] \n| teuana || uoua || teniua || aua || nimaua || onoua || itiua || waniua || ruaiua || tebuina\n|- align=center\n! [[bahasa Samoa|Sāmoa]] \n| tasi || lua || tolu || fā || lima || ono || fitu || valu || iva || sefulu\n|- align=center\n! [[bahasa Hawaii|Hawaii]] \n| kahi || lua || kolu || hā || lima || ono || hiku || walu || iwa || -'umi\n|}\n\n== Fonologi ==\nBahasa Kerinci dialek Sungai Penuh mempunyai 28 [[fonem]], terdiri dari 8 vokal dan 20 konsonan.{{Cite book|last=Usman|first=A. Hakim|date=1985|url=http://repositori.kemdikbud.go.id/2956/|title=Kamus Umum Kerinci-Indonesia|location=Jakarta|publisher=Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa|language=id|url-status=live}}\n\n=== Vokal ===\n\n{| class=\"wikitable\" style=\"text-align: center;\"\n|-\n!\n!Depan\n!Madya\n!Belakang\n|-\n!Tertutup\n|{{IPA|i}}\n|{{IPA|}}\n|{{IPA|u}}\n|-\n!Tengah\n|{{IPA|e}}\n|{{IPA|ə}}\n|{{IPA|o}}\n|-\n!Hampir Terbuka\n|{{IPA|ɛ}}\n|{{IPA|}}\n|{{IPA|ɔ}}\n|-\n!Terbuka\n|{{IPA|}}\n|{{IPA|a}}\n|\n|}\n\nDialek Sungai Penuh juga mempunyai diftong {{IPA|/ei̯/}}, {{IPA|/ɔi̯/}}, {{IPA|/ai̯/}}, {{IPA|/eu̯/}}, {{IPA|/ou̯/}}, {{IPA|/ɛu̯/}}, dan {{IPA|/au̯/}} yang ada pada kata-kata bersuku kata terbuka, seperti ''basou'' {{IPA|/ba.sou̯/}}—namun, di dalam suku kata tertutup seperti ''laain'' {{IPA|/la.in/}}, kedua vokal tidak diucapkan sebagai diftong.{{Cite book|last=Syahwin|first=Nikelas|last2=Zainuddin|first2=Amir|last3=Marah|first3=Rusmali|last4=Amir Hakim|first4=Usman|last5=Jolsnidar|first5=Anwar|date=1981|url=http://repositori.kemdikbud.go.id/1482/|title=Morfologi dan Sintaksis Bahasa Kerinci|publisher=Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa|language=id|url-status=live}}\n\n=== Konsonan ===\n\n{| class=\"wikitable\" style=\"text-align: center;\"\n!\n!Bibir\n!Birgi\n!Ronggi\n!Pascaronggi\n!Langit2\n!Langbel\n!Cera\n|-\n! Sengau\n| {{IPA|m}}\n|\n| {{IPA|n}}\n|\n| {{IPA|ɲ}}\n| {{IPA|ŋ}}\n|\n|-\n! Letup\n| {{IPA|p b}}\n|\n| {{IPA|t d}}\n|\n|\n| {{IPA|k g}}\n| {{IPA|ʔ}}\n|-\n! Afrikat\n|\n|\n|\n| {{IPA|t͡ʃ d͡ʒ}}\n|\n|\n|\n|-\n! Tiup\n|\n| {{IPA|(f v)}}\n| {{IPA|s z}}\n| {{IPA|(ʃ)}}\n|\n| {{IPA|x}}\n| {{IPA|h}}\n|-\n! Getar/Sisi\n|\n|\n| {{IPA|r l}}\n|\n|\n|\n|\n|-\n! Hampiran\n| {{IPA|w}}\n|\n|\n|\n| {{IPA| j}}\n|\n|\n|}\n\n'''Catatan ortografi''':\n\nFonem-fonem bahasa Kerinci direpresentasikan secara ortografis sesuai dengan lambang-lambang [[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]] di atas, kecuali:\n\n* /ɔ/ ditulis ⟨ò⟩.\n* /ə/ ditulis ⟨ê⟩.\n* /e/ dan /ɛ/ ditulis ⟨e⟩.\n* /ɲ/ ditulis ⟨ny⟩ sebelum vokal, ⟨n⟩ sebelum ⟨c⟩ dan ⟨j⟩.\n* /ŋ/ ditulis ⟨ng⟩.\n* Konsonan letup celah-suara [ʔ] ditulis ⟨k⟩.\n* /t͡ʃ/ ditulis ⟨c⟩.\n* /d͡ʒ/ ditulis ⟨j⟩.\n* /ʃ/ ditulis ⟨sy⟩.\n* /x/ ditulis ⟨kh⟩.\n* /j/ ditulis ⟨y⟩.\n\n== Contoh ==\nTeks berikut adalah kutipan dari terjemahan resmi [[Pernyataan Umum tentang Hak-Hak Asasi Manusia]] dalam bahasa Indonesia dan Kerinci, bersama dengan deklarasi aslinya dalam bahasa Inggris.\n{| class=\"wikitable\" \n! Inggris{{Cite web|last=Nations|first=United|title=Universal Declaration of Human Rights|url=https://www.un.org/en/about-us/universal-declaration-of-human-rights|website=United Nations|language=en|access-date=2021-12-26}} !! Indonesia{{Cite web|title=OHCHR {{!}}|url=https://www.ohchr.org/EN/UDHR/Pages/Language.aspx?LangID=inz|website=www.ohchr.org|access-date=2021-12-26}} !! Kerinci{{br}}{{small|(Dialek Sungai Penuh)}}\n|-\n|'''Universal Declaration of Human Rights''' || '''Pernyataan Umum tentang Hak Asasi Manusia''' || '''Panyata Saduniê Pakarò Hak-Hak Manusiò''' \n|-\n|'''Article 1'''||'''Pasal 1'''||'''Pasal 1'''\n|-\n|''All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.'' || ''Semua orang dilahirkan merdeka dan mempunyai martabat dan hak-hak yang sama. Mereka dikaruniai akal dan hati nurani dan hendaknya bergaul satu sama lain dalam semangat persaudaraan.'' || ''Sadou manusiò dilahe mardikê dan nahouh darjat ugê hak-hak ngan samò. Galou uhang dibêhòi akang nga atei dan musti ideuk basamò uhang laain sarupò uhang badusanak.'' \n|}\n\n== Rujukan ==\n{{reflist}}\n\n== Catatan ==\n{{notelist}}\n\n== Pranala luar ==\n{{Incubator|code=kvr/Palasa}}{{Ethnologue24|kvr|Kerinci}}\n\n{{Bahasa daerah di Indonesia}}\n\n{{DEFAULTSORT:Kerinci}}\n[[Kategori:Bahasa di Indonesia]]\n[[Kategori:Bahasa di Malaysia]]\n[[Kategori:Bahasa di Bahrain]]\n[[Kategori:Bahasa di Jambi]]\n[[Kategori:Kabupaten Kerinci]]\n[[Kategori:Kota Sungai Penuh]]\n[[Kategori:Kabupaten Merangin]]\n[[Kategori:Kabupaten Bungo]]\n[[Kategori:Rumpun bahasa Melayik]]","hash":"a0502f7ec42b7ed4801daffc71fedca390f5db96f7b1b5a2736caec791136024","last_revision":"2024-01-01T14:52:09Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T12:27:54Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:15.324949","cross_lingual_links":{"ar":"لغة كيرينسي","arz":"كيرينسى","bcl":"Tataramon na Kerinci","en":"Kerinci language","fr":"Kerinci (langue)","ilo":"Pagsasao a Kerinci","jv":"Basa Kerinci","min":"Bahaso Kurinci","ms":"Bahasa Kerinchi","pam":"Amanung Kerinci","pl":"Język kerinci","pms":"Lenga Kerinci","pt":"Língua kerenci","su":"Basa Kerinci","sw":"Kikerinci"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:48.630527","text":"Bahasa Kerinci adalah bahasa Austronesia yang utamanya dituturkan oleh penduduk bersuku Kerinci di kota Sungai Penuh, kabupaten Kerinci serta sebagian Merangin dan Bungo, Jambi. Bahasa ini juga dituturkan oleh diaspora Kerinci di wilayah lain di Indonesia, seperti di Sumatera Barat dan Jawa; serta di luar Indonesia seperti di Bahrain, Negeri Sembilan dan Selangor, Malaysia. Jumlah total penutur bahasa Kerinci diperkirakan mencapai sekitar 300 ribu (2004). Sebagai bahasa Austronesia dari sub-kelompok Melayu-Polinesia, bahasa Kerinci juga berkerabat dekat dengan bahasa Minangkabau dan bahasa Melayu Jambi.\n\nBahasa Kerinci memiliki keragaman yang sangat tinggi; diperkirakan terdapat 130 sub-dialek dan 7 dialek utama, yaitu dialek Gunung Raya, dialek Danau Kerinci, dialek Sitinjau Laut, dialek Sungai Penuh, dialek Pembantu Sungai Tutung, dialek Belui Air Hangat, dan dialek Gunung Kerinci. Berdasarkan penghitungan dialektometri, persentase perbedaan ketujuh dialek tersebut berkisar 51%-65,50%. Sedangkan bahasa Kerinci memiliki persentase perbedaan berkisar 81%-100% jika dibandingkan dengan bahasa Bengkulu dan Minangkabau.\n\nBahasa Kerinci adalah salah satu dari banyak ragam bahasa Malayik. Para ahli linguistik percaya bahwa bahasa Melayu—salah satu ragam dari masing-masing ragam bahasa Malayik—awalnya berasal dari bahasa Malayik Purba yang dituturkan di daerah yang membentang antara Kalimantan Barat hingga utara pesisir Brunei sekitar tahun 1000 SM. Nenek moyangnya, bahasa Melayu-Polinesia Purba, diperkirakan berasal dari bahasa Austronesia Purba yang pecah pada tahun 2000 SM akibat perluasan besar-besaran bangsa Austronesia ke Asia Tenggara Maritim dari pulau Taiwan.\n\nBahasa Kerinci adalah anggota dari rumpun bahasa Austronesia, yang mencangkum berbagai bahasa di Asia Tenggara, Lautan Teduh, hingga Madagaskar, dan beberapa bahasa di Asia Daratan. Uniknya, bahasa Kerinci juga memiliki beberapa fonem yang mirip dengan bahasa Austroasia. Bahasa Kerinci memiliki tingkat kesalingpahaman yang tinggi dengan bahasa Minangkabau. Hal ini tidak terlepas dari kenyataan bahwa di masa lalu, kemendapoan-kemendapoan Kerinci berada di dalam daerah rantau Kerajaan Pagaruyung.\n\nBahasa Malagasi, bahasa Filipino, bahasa-bahasa asli Taiwan, dan bahasa Maori juga merupakan anggota rumpun bahasa ini. Meskipun setiap bahasa dari keluarga ini tidak dapat dipahami satu sama lain, kesamaan mereka agak mencolok. Banyak kata dasar yang hampir tidak berubah dari nenek moyang mereka yang sama, yaitu bahasa Austronesia Purba. Ada banyak kata sekerabat yang ditemukan dalam kata-kata dasar untuk kekerabatan, kesehatan, bagian tubuh, dan hewan umum. Bahkan penyebutan angka memiliki tingkat kesamaan yang luar biasa.\n\nBahasa Kerinci dialek Sungai Penuh mempunyai 28 fonem, terdiri dari 8 vokal dan 20 konsonan.\n\nDialek Sungai Penuh juga mempunyai diftong , , , , , , dan yang ada pada kata-kata bersuku kata terbuka, seperti basou —namun, di dalam suku kata tertutup seperti laain , kedua vokal tidak diucapkan sebagai diftong.\n\nCatatan ortografi:\n\nFonem-fonem bahasa Kerinci direpresentasikan secara ortografis sesuai dengan lambang-lambang IPA di atas, kecuali:\n\n/ɔ/ ditulis ⟨ò⟩. /ə/ ditulis ⟨ê⟩. /e/ dan /ɛ/ ditulis ⟨e⟩. /ɲ/ ditulis ⟨ny⟩ sebelum vokal, ⟨n⟩ sebelum ⟨c⟩ dan ⟨j⟩. /ŋ/ ditulis ⟨ng⟩. Konsonan letup celah-suara [ʔ] ditulis ⟨k⟩. /t͡ʃ/ ditulis ⟨c⟩. /d͡ʒ/ ditulis ⟨j⟩. /ʃ/ ditulis ⟨sy⟩. /x/ ditulis ⟨kh⟩. /j/ ditulis ⟨y⟩.\n\nTeks berikut adalah kutipan dari terjemahan resmi Pernyataan Umum tentang Hak-Hak Asasi Manusia dalam bahasa Indonesia dan Kerinci, bersama dengan deklarasi aslinya dalam bahasa Inggris.\n\nKategori:Bahasa di Indonesia Kategori:Bahasa di Malaysia Kategori:Bahasa di Bahrain Kategori:Bahasa di Jambi Kategori:Kabupaten Kerinci Kategori:Kota Sungai Penuh Kategori:Kabupaten Merangin Kategori:Kabupaten Bungo Kategori:Rumpun bahasa Melayik\n","elements":[{"type":"infobox","content":"{{Infobox Bahasa\n|name=Kerinci\n|pronunciation = {{IPA|ba.sə kiɲ.t͡ʃai̯|}}\n|nativename={{lang|kvr|Basê Kincai}}\n|states={{flag|Indonesia}}{{br}}{{flag|Malaysia}}{{br}}{{flag|Bahrain}}\n|region={{flag|Jambi}}{{br}}{{flag|Negeri Sembilan}}{{br}}{{flag|Selangor}}\n|ethnicity= [[suku Kerinci|Kerinci]]\n|speakers={{formatnum:254125}}\n|dateprefix =Jambi, \n|date =2000\n|ref ={{Cite web|title=Badan Pusat Statistik|url=https://jambi.bps.go.id/indicator/12/1107/1/penduduk-menurut-wilayah-administrasi-dan-suku-bangsa.html|website=jambi.bps.go.id|access-date=2021-12-26}}\n|speakers2={{formatnum:25000}} (Bahrain, 2004)\n|familycolor=Austronesia\n|fam2=[[Rumpun bahasa Melayu-Polinesia|Melayu-Polinesia]]\n|fam3=[[Rumpun bahasa Melayu–Sumbawa|Melayu-Sumbawa]]\n|fam4=[[Bahasa Melayik|Malayik]]\n|fam5=[[Nuklir Melayik|Nuklir Malayik]]\n|fam6=[[Melayu Sumatera Utara|Malayik Sumatra Sebelah Utara]] \n|fam7=Kerinci-Minang\n|script=[[Alfabet Latin|Latin]]{{br}}[[Aksara Incung|Incung]]\n|minority={{flag|Indonesia}}\n|agency=[[Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa]]\n|dia1=Belui Air Hangat|dia2=Danau Kerinci|dia3=Gunung Kerinci|dia4=Gunung Raya|dia5=Pembantu Sungai Tutung|dia6=Sitinjau Laut|dia7=Sungai Penuh\n|iso3=kvr\n|glotto=keri1250\n| glottorefname = Kerinci\n| lingua = 33-AFA-da\n|map=Kerinci Language Map.svg\n|mapcaption=Keterangan:{{br}}{{color box|#cc0000}} Wilayah di mana bahasa Kerinci dominan dipertuturkan\n| notice = IPA}}"},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Bahasa Kerinci adalah bahasa Austronesia yang utamanya dituturkan oleh penduduk bersuku Kerinci di kota Sungai Penuh, kabupaten Kerinci serta sebagian Merangin dan Bungo, Jambi.","translated_text":"The Kerinci language is an Austronesian language primarily spoken by the Kerinci tribal inhabitants of Sungai Penuh, Kerinci county as well as parts of Merangin and Bungo, Jambi.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{Cite book|last=Sugono|first=Dendy|last2=Sasangka|first2=S. S. T. Wisnu|last3=Rivay|first3=Ovi Soviaty|date=2017|url=http://repositori.kemdikbud.go.id/7191/|title=Bahasa dan peta bahasa di Indonesia|location=Jakarta|publisher=Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan|editor-last=Sugono|editor-first=Dendy|pages=37|language=id|editor-last2=Sasangka|editor-first2=S. S. T. Wisnu|editor-last3=Rivay|editor-first3=Ovi Soviaty|url-status=live}}","char_index":177,"name":":2","url":"http://repositori.kemdikbud.go.id/7191/","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:26:56.007360-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Bahasa ini juga dituturkan oleh diaspora Kerinci di wilayah lain di Indonesia, seperti di Sumatera Barat dan Jawa; serta di luar Indonesia seperti di Bahrain, Negeri Sembilan dan Selangor, Malaysia.","translated_text":"It is also spoken by the Kerinci diaspora in other regions of Indonesia, such as in West Sumatra and Java; as well as outside Indonesia such as in Bahrain, Negeri Sembilan and Selangor, Malaysia.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{Cite web|title=Bahrain|url=https://www.ethnologue.com/country/bh/languages|website=Ethnologue|language=en|access-date=2021-12-27}}","char_index":198,"name":":1","url":"https://www.ethnologue.com/country/bh/languages","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html; charset=UTF-8","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":8316,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:27:06.057032-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":"Text is too short (6 words)","source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{Cite web|title=Ceramah Linguistik “Teka-Teki Bahasa Kerinci”|url=https://fib.ui.ac.id/2014/10/17/ceramah-linguistik-teka-teki-bahasa-kerinci/|language=id-ID|access-date=2021-12-27}}","char_index":198,"name":null,"url":"https://fib.ui.ac.id/2014/10/17/ceramah-linguistik-teka-teki-bahasa-kerinci/","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:27:06.148337-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{Cite book|date=2002|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51647238|title=Between worlds : linguistic papers in memory of David John Prentice|location=Canberra|publisher=Pacific Linguistics, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, the Australian National University|isbn=0-85883-478-2|others=K. Alexander Adelaar, D. J. Prentice, R. A. Blust, Australian National University. Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies|oclc=51647238}}","char_index":198,"name":null,"url":"https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51647238","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html; charset=utf-8","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":276361,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:27:06.406629-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":"Text is too short (48 words)","source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Jumlah total penutur bahasa Kerinci diperkirakan mencapai sekitar 300 ribu (2004).","translated_text":"The total number of Kerinci speakers is estimated to be around 300 thousand (2004).","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Sebagai bahasa Austronesia dari sub-kelompok Melayu-Polinesia, bahasa Kerinci juga berkerabat dekat dengan bahasa Minangkabau dan bahasa Melayu Jambi.","translated_text":"As an Austronesian language of the Malayo-Polynesian sub-group, the Kerinci language is also closely related to the Minangkabau and Jambi Malay languages.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Bahasa Kerinci memiliki keragaman yang sangat tinggi; diperkirakan terdapat 130 sub-dialek dan 7 dialek utama, yaitu dialek Gunung Raya, dialek Danau Kerinci, dialek Sitinjau Laut, dialek Sungai Penuh, dialek Pembantu Sungai Tutung, dialek Belui Air Hangat, dan dialek Gunung Kerinci.","translated_text":"The Kerinci language has a very high diversity; it is estimated that there are 130 sub-dialects and 7 main dialects, namely the Great Mountain dialect, the Kerinci Lake dialect, the Sea Sitinjau dialect, the Sungai Penuh dialect, the Sungai Tutung Helper dialect, the Belui Hot Water dialect, and the Kerinci Mountain dialect.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{Cite news|title=Kemendikbud Ungkap Penyebab Bahasa Kerinci Terancam Punah|url=https://www.jpnn.com/news/kemendikbud-ungkap-penyebab-bahasa-kerinci-terancam-punah|work=[[Jawa Pos|JPNN.com]]|language=id|access-date=2021-12-27|last=Budi|date=2018-08-22}}","char_index":284,"name":null,"url":"https://www.jpnn.com/news/kemendikbud-ungkap-penyebab-bahasa-kerinci-terancam-punah","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html; charset=UTF-8","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":75037,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:27:07.243023-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":5,"source_quality_raw_score":0.87646484375}],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Berdasarkan penghitungan dialektometri, persentase perbedaan ketujuh dialek tersebut berkisar 51%-65,50%.","translated_text":"Based on dialectometric calculations, the percentage of differences between the seven dialects ranged from 51% to 65.50%.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Sedangkan bahasa Kerinci memiliki persentase perbedaan berkisar 81%-100% jika dibandingkan dengan bahasa Bengkulu dan Minangkabau.","translated_text":"While the Kerinci language has a percentage difference of 81%-100% when compared to Bengkulu and Minangkabau.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[{"content":"{{Cite book|last=Sugono|first=Dendy|last2=Sasangka|first2=S. S. T. Wisnu|last3=Rivay|first3=Ovi Soviaty|date=2017|url=http://repositori.kemdikbud.go.id/7191/|title=Bahasa dan peta bahasa di Indonesia|location=Jakarta|publisher=Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan|editor-last=Sugono|editor-first=Dendy|pages=37|language=id|editor-last2=Sasangka|editor-first2=S. S. T. Wisnu|editor-last3=Rivay|editor-first3=Ovi Soviaty|url-status=live}}","char_index":130,"name":":2","url":"http://repositori.kemdikbud.go.id/7191/","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:26:56.007360-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Sejarah","translated_text":"The history","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Bahasa Kerinci adalah salah satu dari banyak ragam bahasa Malayik.","translated_text":"The Detail language is one of the many varieties of Malay.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Para ahli linguistik percaya bahwa bahasa Melayu—salah satu ragam dari masing-masing ragam bahasa Malayik—awalnya berasal dari bahasa Malayik Purba yang dituturkan di daerah yang membentang antara Kalimantan Barat hingga utara pesisir Brunei sekitar tahun 1000 SM.","translated_text":"Linguists believe that a variety of each of the original Malay varieties originated from the Old Malay languages spoken in the area stretching from West Borneo to the northern coast of Brunei around 1000 BC.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Nenek moyangnya, bahasa Melayu-Polinesia Purba, diperkirakan berasal dari bahasa Austronesia Purba yang pecah pada tahun 2000 SM akibat perluasan besar-besaran bangsa Austronesia ke Asia Tenggara Maritim dari pulau Taiwan.","translated_text":"Its ancestor, Old Malayo-Polynesian, is thought to have derived from the Old Austronesian language that broke out in 2000 BC as a result of the massive expansion of the Austronesian nation into Southeast Maritime Asia from the island of Taiwan.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[{"content":"{{citation | last = Andaya | first = Leonard Y. | title = The Search for the 'Origins' of Melayu | journal = Journal of Southeast Asian Studies | volume = 32 | issue = 3 | pages = 315–330 | year = 2001 | url = http://sabrizain.org/malaya/library/search.pdf | doi = 10.1017/s0022463401000169 | jstor = 20072349 | s2cid = 62886471 | access-date = 13 October 2019 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20171011113403/http://sabrizain.org/malaya/library/search.pdf | archive-date = 11 October 2017 | url-status = live }}","char_index":222,"name":null,"url":"http://sabrizain.org/malaya/library/search.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"application/pdf","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:27:08.543291-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{citation | last = Andaya | first = Leonard Y. | title = The Search for the 'Origins' of Melayu | journal = Journal of Southeast Asian Studies | volume = 32 | issue = 3 | pages = 315–330 | year = 2001 | url = http://sabrizain.org/malaya/library/search.pdf | doi = 10.1017/s0022463401000169 | jstor = 20072349 | s2cid = 62886471 | access-date = 13 October 2019 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20171011113403/http://sabrizain.org/malaya/library/search.pdf | archive-date = 11 October 2017 | url-status = live }}","char_index":222,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20171011113403/http://sabrizain.org/malaya/library/search.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:27:08.582806-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Bahasa Kerinci adalah anggota dari rumpun bahasa Austronesia, yang mencangkum berbagai bahasa di Asia Tenggara, Lautan Teduh, hingga Madagaskar, dan beberapa bahasa di Asia Daratan.","translated_text":"The Kerinci language is a member of the Austronesian language family, which encompasses various languages in Southeast Asia, the Dead Sea, to Madagascar, and several languages in mainland Asia.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Uniknya, bahasa Kerinci juga memiliki beberapa fonem yang mirip dengan bahasa Austroasia.","translated_text":"Uniquely, the Krinci language also has some phonemes similar to the Austroasiatic language.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"Van Reijn, E.O. (1974). \"[https://www.jstor.org/stable/41492089 Some Remarks on the Dialects of North Kerintji: A link with Mon-Khmer Languages].\" ''Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society'', 31, 2: 130-138.","char_index":89,"name":null,"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/41492089","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:27:09.685086-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Bahasa Kerinci memiliki tingkat kesalingpahaman yang tinggi dengan bahasa Minangkabau.","translated_text":"The Kerinci language has a high level of understanding with the Minangkabau language.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Hal ini tidak terlepas dari kenyataan bahwa di masa lalu, kemendapoan-kemendapoan Kerinci berada di dalam daerah rantau Kerajaan Pagaruyung.","translated_text":"This is not despite the fact that in the past, the Reindeer deposits were located within the region of the Pagaruyung Kingdom.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[{"content":"Djamaris, Edwar, (1991), ''Tambo Minangkabau'', Jakarta: Balai Pustaka.","char_index":140,"name":null,"url":null,"source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":null,"source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OtWdhQ7vc6kC&q=Indonesian+Malaysian+Malay+differences&pg=PA71|title=The Austronesian Languages of Asia and Madagascar|last1=Adelaar|first1=K. Alexander|last2=Himmelmann|first2=Nikolaus|date=2013-03-07|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9781136755095|language=en}}","char_index":140,"name":null,"url":"https://books.google.com/books?id=OtWdhQ7vc6kC&q=Indonesian+Malaysian+Malay+differences&pg=PA71","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":56093,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:27:09.728231-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":1,"source_quality_raw_score":0.11480712890625}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Bahasa Malagasi, bahasa Filipino, bahasa-bahasa asli Taiwan, dan bahasa Maori juga merupakan anggota rumpun bahasa ini.","translated_text":"The Malagasy, Filipino, native Taiwanese, and Maori languages are also members of this branch.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Meskipun setiap bahasa dari keluarga ini tidak dapat dipahami satu sama lain, kesamaan mereka agak mencolok.","translated_text":"Although each language of this family is not mutually intelligible, their similarities are remarkable.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Banyak kata dasar yang hampir tidak berubah dari nenek moyang mereka yang sama, yaitu bahasa Austronesia Purba.","translated_text":"Many basic words remain virtually unchanged from their common ancestor, the Old Austronesian language.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Ada banyak kata sekerabat yang ditemukan dalam kata-kata dasar untuk kekerabatan, kesehatan, bagian tubuh, dan hewan umum.","translated_text":"There are many related words found in the basic words for kinship, health, body parts, and animals in general.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Bahkan penyebutan angka memiliki tingkat kesamaan yang luar biasa.","translated_text":"Even the mention of numbers has a remarkable degree of similarity.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"table","content":"{|class=\"wikitable sortable\"\n|+ Angka dalam [[Rumpun bahasa Austronesia|bahasa-bahasa Austronesia]]\n|- align=center\n!\n! 1\n! 2\n! 3\n! 4\n! 5\n! 6\n! 7\n! 8\n! 9\n! 10\n|- align=center\n! [[bahasa Proto-Austronesia|PAN]], {{small|{{circa|4000}} SM}}\n| *isa || *DuSa || *telu || *Sepat || *lima || *enem || *pitu || *walu || *Siwa || *puluq\n|- align=center\n! Kerinci{{br}}(Sungai Penuh)\n| satau || duê || tigê || êmpak || limò || ênang || tujeuh || salapang || sambilêng || sapulouh\n|- align=center\n! [[bahasa Minangkabau|Minangkabau]] \n| ciek || duo || tigo || ampek || limo || anam || tujuah || salapan || sambilan || sapuluah\n|- align=center\n! [[bahasa Amis|Amis]] \n| cecay || tusa || tulu || sepat || lima || enem || pitu || falu || siwa || pulu'\n|- align=center\n! [[bahasa Sunda|Sunda]]\n| hiji || dua || tilu || opat || lima || genep || tujuh || dalapan || salapan || sapuluh\n|- align=center\n! [[bahasa Tsou|Tsou]] \n| coni || yuso || tuyu || sʉptʉ || eimo || nomʉ || pitu || voyu || sio || maskʉ\n|- align=center\n! [[bahasa Tagalog|Tagalog]] \n| isá || dalawá || tatló || ápat || limá || ánim || pitó || waló || siyám || sampu\n|- align=center\n! [[bahasa Ilokano|Ilocano]] \n| maysá || dua || talló || uppát || limá || inném || pitó || waló || siam || sangapúlo\n|- align=center\n! [[bahasa Cebuano|Cebuano]] \n| usá || duhá || tuló || upat || limá || unom || pitó || waló || siyám || napulu\n|- align=center\n! [[bahasa Chamorro|Chamorro]] \n| maisa/håcha || hugua || tulu || fatfat || lima || gunum || fiti || guålu || sigua || månot/fulu\n|- align=center\n! [[bahasa Malagasi|Malagasi]] \n| iray/isa || roa || telo || efatra || dimy || enina || fito || valo || sivy || folo\n|- align=center\n! [[bahasa Cham|Chăm]] \n| sa || dua || tlau || pak || limy || nam || tajuh || dalipan || thalipan || pluh\n|- align=center\n! [[bahasa Batak|Batak]] \n| {{lang|ms|sada}} || dua || tolu || opat || lima || onom || pitu || walu || sia || sapuluh\n|- align=center\n! [[bahasa Rejang|Rejang]]{{Cite book\n | last = Munir Hamidy\n | first = Badrul \n | title = Kamus Lengkap Indonesia-Rejang, Rejang-Indonesia\n | publisher = Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan\n | year = 1985\n | page = xv\n }}\n| do || duai || tlau || pat || lêmo || num || tujuak || dêlapên || sêmbilan || sêpuluak\n|- align=center\n! [[bahasa Jawa|Jawa]] \n| siji || loro || telu || papat || lima || nem || pitu || wolu || sanga || sepuluh\n|- align=center\n! [[bahasa Tetun|Tetun]] \n| ida || rua || tolu || hat || lima || nen || hitu || ualu || sia || sanulu\n|- align=center\n! [[bahasa Biak|Biak]] \n| eser/oser || suru || kyor || fyak || rim || wonem || fik || war || siw || samfur\n|- align=center\n! [[bahasa Fiji|Fiji]] \n| dua || rua || tolu || vā || lima || ono || vitu || walu || ciwa || tini\n|- align=center\n! [[Bahasa Kiribati|Kiribati]] \n| teuana || uoua || teniua || aua || nimaua || onoua || itiua || waniua || ruaiua || tebuina\n|- align=center\n! [[bahasa Samoa|Sāmoa]] \n| tasi || lua || tolu || fā || lima || ono || fitu || valu || iva || sefulu\n|- align=center\n! [[bahasa Hawaii|Hawaii]] \n| kahi || lua || kolu || hā || lima || ono || hiku || walu || iwa || -'umi\n|}"},{"type":"heading","text":"Fonologi","translated_text":"The phonology","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Bahasa Kerinci dialek Sungai Penuh mempunyai 28 fonem, terdiri dari 8 vokal dan 20 konsonan.","translated_text":"The Sungai Penuh dialect language has 28 phonemes, consisting of 8 vowels and 20 consonants.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[{"content":"{{Cite book|last=Usman|first=A. Hakim|date=1985|url=http://repositori.kemdikbud.go.id/2956/|title=Kamus Umum Kerinci-Indonesia|location=Jakarta|publisher=Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa|language=id|url-status=live}}","char_index":92,"name":":0","url":"http://repositori.kemdikbud.go.id/2956/","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:27:10.014725-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Vokal","translated_text":"The vowel","level":3,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"table","content":"{| class=\"wikitable\" style=\"text-align: center;\"\n|-\n!\n!Depan\n!Madya\n!Belakang\n|-\n!Tertutup\n|{{IPA|i}}\n|{{IPA|}}\n|{{IPA|u}}\n|-\n!Tengah\n|{{IPA|e}}\n|{{IPA|ə}}\n|{{IPA|o}}\n|-\n!Hampir Terbuka\n|{{IPA|ɛ}}\n|{{IPA|}}\n|{{IPA|ɔ}}\n|-\n!Terbuka\n|{{IPA|}}\n|{{IPA|a}}\n|\n|}"},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Dialek Sungai Penuh juga mempunyai diftong , , , , , , dan yang ada pada kata-kata bersuku kata terbuka, seperti basou —namun, di dalam suku kata tertutup seperti laain , kedua vokal tidak diucapkan sebagai diftong.","translated_text":"The Full River dialect also has diftong , , , , , , , and is found in open-source tribal words, such as basou ⁇ namun, in closed syllables such as laain, both vowels are not pronounced as diftong.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[{"content":"{{Cite book|last=Usman|first=A. Hakim|date=1985|url=http://repositori.kemdikbud.go.id/2956/|title=Kamus Umum Kerinci-Indonesia|location=Jakarta|publisher=Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa|language=id|url-status=live}}","char_index":215,"name":":0","url":"http://repositori.kemdikbud.go.id/2956/","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:27:10.014725-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{Cite book|last=Syahwin|first=Nikelas|last2=Zainuddin|first2=Amir|last3=Marah|first3=Rusmali|last4=Amir Hakim|first4=Usman|last5=Jolsnidar|first5=Anwar|date=1981|url=http://repositori.kemdikbud.go.id/1482/|title=Morfologi dan Sintaksis Bahasa Kerinci|publisher=Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa|language=id|url-status=live}}","char_index":215,"name":null,"url":"http://repositori.kemdikbud.go.id/1482/","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:27:20.043171-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Konsonan","translated_text":"Consonants","level":3,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"table","content":"{| class=\"wikitable\" style=\"text-align: center;\"\n!\n!Bibir\n!Birgi\n!Ronggi\n!Pascaronggi\n!Langit2\n!Langbel\n!Cera\n|-\n! Sengau\n| {{IPA|m}}\n|\n| {{IPA|n}}\n|\n| {{IPA|ɲ}}\n| {{IPA|ŋ}}\n|\n|-\n! Letup\n| {{IPA|p b}}\n|\n| {{IPA|t d}}\n|\n|\n| {{IPA|k g}}\n| {{IPA|ʔ}}\n|-\n! Afrikat\n|\n|\n|\n| {{IPA|t͡ʃ d͡ʒ}}\n|\n|\n|\n|-\n! Tiup\n|\n| {{IPA|(f v)}}\n| {{IPA|s z}}\n| {{IPA|(ʃ)}}\n|\n| {{IPA|x}}\n| {{IPA|h}}\n|-\n! Getar/Sisi\n|\n|\n| {{IPA|r l}}\n|\n|\n|\n|\n|-\n! Hampiran\n| {{IPA|w}}\n|\n|\n|\n| {{IPA| j}}\n|\n|\n|}"},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Catatan ortografi:","translated_text":"Spelling notes:","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Fonem-fonem bahasa Kerinci direpresentasikan secara ortografis sesuai dengan lambang-lambang IPA di atas, kecuali:","translated_text":"Detailed language phonemes are represented orthographically in accordance with the above IPA symbols, except:","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"/ɔ/ ditulis ⟨ò⟩. /ə/ ditulis ⟨ê⟩. /e/ dan /ɛ/ ditulis ⟨e⟩. /ɲ/ ditulis ⟨ny⟩ sebelum vokal, ⟨n⟩ sebelum ⟨c⟩ dan ⟨j⟩. /ŋ/ ditulis ⟨ng⟩. Konsonan letup celah-suara [ʔ] ditulis ⟨k⟩. /t͡ʃ/ ditulis ⟨c⟩. /d͡ʒ/ ditulis ⟨j⟩. /ʃ/ ditulis ⟨sy⟩. /x/ ditulis ⟨kh⟩. /j/ ditulis ⟨y⟩.","translated_text":"/ɔ/ is written ⁇ ò ⁇ . /ə/ is written ⁇ ê ⁇ . /e/ and /ɛ/ is written ⁇ e ⁇ . /ɲ/ is written ⁇ ny ⁇ before the vowel, ⁇ n ⁇ before ⁇ c ⁇ and ⁇ j ⁇ . /ŋ/ is written ⁇ ng ⁇ .","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Contoh","translated_text":"Example","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Teks berikut adalah kutipan dari terjemahan resmi Pernyataan Umum tentang Hak-Hak Asasi Manusia dalam bahasa Indonesia dan Kerinci, bersama dengan deklarasi aslinya dalam bahasa Inggris.","translated_text":"The following text is an excerpt from the official translation of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in Indonesian and in detail, together with the original declaration in English.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"table","content":"{| class=\"wikitable\" \n! Inggris{{Cite web|last=Nations|first=United|title=Universal Declaration of Human Rights|url=https://www.un.org/en/about-us/universal-declaration-of-human-rights|website=United Nations|language=en|access-date=2021-12-26}} !! Indonesia{{Cite web|title=OHCHR {{!}}|url=https://www.ohchr.org/EN/UDHR/Pages/Language.aspx?LangID=inz|website=www.ohchr.org|access-date=2021-12-26}} !! Kerinci{{br}}{{small|(Dialek Sungai Penuh)}}\n|-\n|'''Universal Declaration of Human Rights''' || '''Pernyataan Umum tentang Hak Asasi Manusia''' || '''Panyata Saduniê Pakarò Hak-Hak Manusiò''' \n|-\n|'''Article 1'''||'''Pasal 1'''||'''Pasal 1'''\n|-\n|''All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.'' || ''Semua orang dilahirkan merdeka dan mempunyai martabat dan hak-hak yang sama. Mereka dikaruniai akal dan hati nurani dan hendaknya bergaul satu sama lain dalam semangat persaudaraan.'' || ''Sadou manusiò dilahe mardikê dan nahouh darjat ugê hak-hak ngan samò. Galou uhang dibêhòi akang nga atei dan musti ideuk basamò uhang laain sarupò uhang badusanak.'' \n|}"},{"type":"heading","text":"Rujukan","translated_text":"References","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"heading","text":"Catatan","translated_text":"Notes","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"heading","text":"Pranala luar","translated_text":"External connections","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kategori:Bahasa di Indonesia Kategori:Bahasa di Malaysia Kategori:Bahasa di Bahrain Kategori:Bahasa di Jambi Kategori:Kabupaten Kerinci Kategori:Kota Sungai Penuh Kategori:Kabupaten Merangin Kategori:Kabupaten Bungo Kategori:Rumpun bahasa Melayik","translated_text":"Category:Language in Indonesia Category:Language in Malaysia Category:Language in Bahrain Category:Language in Jambi Category:Kabupaten Kerinci Category:City of Sungai Penuh Category:Kabupaten Merangin Category:Kabupaten Bungo Category:Rumpun language Melayik","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[{"text":"Bahasa Kerinci adalah bahasa Austronesia yang utamanya dituturkan oleh penduduk bersuku Kerinci di kota Sungai Penuh, kabupaten Kerinci serta sebagian Merangin dan Bungo, Jambi.","translated_text":"The Kerinci language is an Austronesian language primarily spoken by the Kerinci tribal inhabitants of Sungai Penuh, Kerinci county as well as parts of Merangin and Bungo, Jambi.","citations":[{"content":"{{Cite book|last=Sugono|first=Dendy|last2=Sasangka|first2=S. S. T. Wisnu|last3=Rivay|first3=Ovi Soviaty|date=2017|url=http://repositori.kemdikbud.go.id/7191/|title=Bahasa dan peta bahasa di Indonesia|location=Jakarta|publisher=Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan|editor-last=Sugono|editor-first=Dendy|pages=37|language=id|editor-last2=Sasangka|editor-first2=S. S. T. Wisnu|editor-last3=Rivay|editor-first3=Ovi Soviaty|url-status=live}}","char_index":177,"name":":2","url":"http://repositori.kemdikbud.go.id/7191/","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:26:56.007360-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Bahasa Kerinci adalah bahasa Austronesia yang utamanya dituturkan oleh penduduk bersuku Kerinci di kota Sungai Penuh, kabupaten Kerinci serta sebagian Merangin dan Bungo, Jambi. Bahasa ini juga dituturkan oleh diaspora Kerinci di wilayah lain di Indonesia, seperti di Sumatera Barat dan Jawa; serta di luar Indonesia seperti di Bahrain, Negeri Sembilan dan Selangor, Malaysia.","translated_text":"The Kerinci language is an Austronesian language primarily spoken by the Kerinci tribal inhabitants of Sungai Penuh, Kerinci county as well as parts of Merangin and Bungo, Jambi. It is also spoken by the Kerinci diaspora in other regions of Indonesia, such as in West Sumatra and Java; as well as outside Indonesia such as in Bahrain, Negeri Sembilan and Selangor, Malaysia.","citations":[{"content":"{{Cite web|title=Bahrain|url=https://www.ethnologue.com/country/bh/languages|website=Ethnologue|language=en|access-date=2021-12-27}}","char_index":376,"name":":1","url":"https://www.ethnologue.com/country/bh/languages","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html; charset=UTF-8","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":8316,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:27:06.057032-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":"Text is too short (6 words)","source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{Cite web|title=Ceramah Linguistik “Teka-Teki Bahasa Kerinci”|url=https://fib.ui.ac.id/2014/10/17/ceramah-linguistik-teka-teki-bahasa-kerinci/|language=id-ID|access-date=2021-12-27}}","char_index":376,"name":null,"url":"https://fib.ui.ac.id/2014/10/17/ceramah-linguistik-teka-teki-bahasa-kerinci/","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:27:06.148337-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{Cite book|date=2002|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51647238|title=Between worlds : linguistic papers in memory of David John Prentice|location=Canberra|publisher=Pacific Linguistics, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, the Australian National University|isbn=0-85883-478-2|others=K. Alexander Adelaar, D. J. Prentice, R. A. Blust, Australian National University. Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies|oclc=51647238}}","char_index":376,"name":null,"url":"https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51647238","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html; charset=utf-8","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":276361,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:27:06.406629-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":"Text is too short (48 words)","source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Bahasa Kerinci memiliki keragaman yang sangat tinggi; diperkirakan terdapat 130 sub-dialek dan 7 dialek utama, yaitu dialek Gunung Raya, dialek Danau Kerinci, dialek Sitinjau Laut, dialek Sungai Penuh, dialek Pembantu Sungai Tutung, dialek Belui Air Hangat, dan dialek Gunung Kerinci.","translated_text":"The Kerinci language has a very high diversity; it is estimated that there are 130 sub-dialects and 7 main dialects, namely the Great Mountain dialect, the Kerinci Lake dialect, the Sea Sitinjau dialect, the Sungai Penuh dialect, the Sungai Tutung Helper dialect, the Belui Hot Water dialect, and the Kerinci Mountain dialect.","citations":[{"content":"{{Cite news|title=Kemendikbud Ungkap Penyebab Bahasa Kerinci Terancam Punah|url=https://www.jpnn.com/news/kemendikbud-ungkap-penyebab-bahasa-kerinci-terancam-punah|work=[[Jawa Pos|JPNN.com]]|language=id|access-date=2021-12-27|last=Budi|date=2018-08-22}}","char_index":284,"name":null,"url":"https://www.jpnn.com/news/kemendikbud-ungkap-penyebab-bahasa-kerinci-terancam-punah","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html; charset=UTF-8","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":75037,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:27:07.243023-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":5,"source_quality_raw_score":0.87646484375}]},{"text":"Bahasa Kerinci memiliki keragaman yang sangat tinggi; diperkirakan terdapat 130 sub-dialek dan 7 dialek utama, yaitu dialek Gunung Raya, dialek Danau Kerinci, dialek Sitinjau Laut, dialek Sungai Penuh, dialek Pembantu Sungai Tutung, dialek Belui Air Hangat, dan dialek Gunung Kerinci. Berdasarkan penghitungan dialektometri, persentase perbedaan ketujuh dialek tersebut berkisar 51%-65,50%. Sedangkan bahasa Kerinci memiliki persentase perbedaan berkisar 81%-100% jika dibandingkan dengan bahasa Bengkulu dan Minangkabau.","translated_text":"The Kerinci language has a very high diversity; it is estimated that there are 130 sub-dialects and 7 main dialects, namely the Great Mountain dialect, the Kerinci Lake dialect, the Sea Sitinjau dialect, the Sungai Penuh dialect, the Sungai Tutung Helper dialect, the Belui Hot Water dialect, and the Kerinci Mountain dialect. Based on dialectometric calculations, the percentage of differences between the seven dialects ranged from 51% to 65.50%. While the Kerinci language has a percentage difference of 81%-100% when compared to Bengkulu and Minangkabau.","citations":[{"content":"{{Cite book|last=Sugono|first=Dendy|last2=Sasangka|first2=S. S. T. Wisnu|last3=Rivay|first3=Ovi Soviaty|date=2017|url=http://repositori.kemdikbud.go.id/7191/|title=Bahasa dan peta bahasa di Indonesia|location=Jakarta|publisher=Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan|editor-last=Sugono|editor-first=Dendy|pages=37|language=id|editor-last2=Sasangka|editor-first2=S. S. T. Wisnu|editor-last3=Rivay|editor-first3=Ovi Soviaty|url-status=live}}","char_index":521,"name":":2","url":"http://repositori.kemdikbud.go.id/7191/","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:26:56.007360-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Bahasa Kerinci adalah salah satu dari banyak ragam bahasa Malayik. Para ahli linguistik percaya bahwa bahasa Melayu—salah satu ragam dari masing-masing ragam bahasa Malayik—awalnya berasal dari bahasa Malayik Purba yang dituturkan di daerah yang membentang antara Kalimantan Barat hingga utara pesisir Brunei sekitar tahun 1000 SM. Nenek moyangnya, bahasa Melayu-Polinesia Purba, diperkirakan berasal dari bahasa Austronesia Purba yang pecah pada tahun 2000 SM akibat perluasan besar-besaran bangsa Austronesia ke Asia Tenggara Maritim dari pulau Taiwan.","translated_text":"The Detail language is one of the many varieties of Malay. Linguists believe that a variety of each of the original Malay varieties originated from the Old Malay languages spoken in the area stretching from West Borneo to the northern coast of Brunei around 1000 BC. Its ancestor, Old Malayo-Polynesian, is thought to have derived from the Old Austronesian language that broke out in 2000 BC as a result of the massive expansion of the Austronesian nation into Southeast Maritime Asia from the island of Taiwan.","citations":[{"content":"{{citation | last = Andaya | first = Leonard Y. | title = The Search for the 'Origins' of Melayu | journal = Journal of Southeast Asian Studies | volume = 32 | issue = 3 | pages = 315–330 | year = 2001 | url = http://sabrizain.org/malaya/library/search.pdf | doi = 10.1017/s0022463401000169 | jstor = 20072349 | s2cid = 62886471 | access-date = 13 October 2019 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20171011113403/http://sabrizain.org/malaya/library/search.pdf | archive-date = 11 October 2017 | url-status = live }}","char_index":554,"name":null,"url":"http://sabrizain.org/malaya/library/search.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"application/pdf","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:27:08.543291-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{citation | last = Andaya | first = Leonard Y. | title = The Search for the 'Origins' of Melayu | journal = Journal of Southeast Asian Studies | volume = 32 | issue = 3 | pages = 315–330 | year = 2001 | url = http://sabrizain.org/malaya/library/search.pdf | doi = 10.1017/s0022463401000169 | jstor = 20072349 | s2cid = 62886471 | access-date = 13 October 2019 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20171011113403/http://sabrizain.org/malaya/library/search.pdf | archive-date = 11 October 2017 | url-status = live }}","char_index":554,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20171011113403/http://sabrizain.org/malaya/library/search.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:27:08.582806-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Bahasa Kerinci adalah anggota dari rumpun bahasa Austronesia, yang mencangkum berbagai bahasa di Asia Tenggara, Lautan Teduh, hingga Madagaskar, dan beberapa bahasa di Asia Daratan. Uniknya, bahasa Kerinci juga memiliki beberapa fonem yang mirip dengan bahasa Austroasia.","translated_text":"The Kerinci language is a member of the Austronesian language family, which encompasses various languages in Southeast Asia, the Dead Sea, to Madagascar, and several languages in mainland Asia. Uniquely, the Krinci language also has some phonemes similar to the Austroasiatic language.","citations":[{"content":"Van Reijn, E.O. (1974). \"[https://www.jstor.org/stable/41492089 Some Remarks on the Dialects of North Kerintji: A link with Mon-Khmer Languages].\" ''Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society'', 31, 2: 130-138.","char_index":271,"name":null,"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/41492089","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:27:09.685086-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Uniknya, bahasa Kerinci juga memiliki beberapa fonem yang mirip dengan bahasa Austroasia. Bahasa Kerinci memiliki tingkat kesalingpahaman yang tinggi dengan bahasa Minangkabau. Hal ini tidak terlepas dari kenyataan bahwa di masa lalu, kemendapoan-kemendapoan Kerinci berada di dalam daerah rantau Kerajaan Pagaruyung.","translated_text":"Uniquely, the Krinci language also has some phonemes similar to the Austroasiatic language. The Kerinci language has a high level of understanding with the Minangkabau language. This is not despite the fact that in the past, the Reindeer deposits were located within the region of the Pagaruyung Kingdom.","citations":[{"content":"Djamaris, Edwar, (1991), ''Tambo Minangkabau'', Jakarta: Balai Pustaka.","char_index":317,"name":null,"url":null,"source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":null,"source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OtWdhQ7vc6kC&q=Indonesian+Malaysian+Malay+differences&pg=PA71|title=The Austronesian Languages of Asia and Madagascar|last1=Adelaar|first1=K. Alexander|last2=Himmelmann|first2=Nikolaus|date=2013-03-07|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9781136755095|language=en}}","char_index":317,"name":null,"url":"https://books.google.com/books?id=OtWdhQ7vc6kC&q=Indonesian+Malaysian+Malay+differences&pg=PA71","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":56093,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:27:09.728231-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":1,"source_quality_raw_score":0.11480712890625}]},{"text":"Bahasa Kerinci dialek Sungai Penuh mempunyai 28 fonem, terdiri dari 8 vokal dan 20 konsonan.","translated_text":"The Sungai Penuh dialect language has 28 phonemes, consisting of 8 vowels and 20 consonants.","citations":[{"content":"{{Cite book|last=Usman|first=A. Hakim|date=1985|url=http://repositori.kemdikbud.go.id/2956/|title=Kamus Umum Kerinci-Indonesia|location=Jakarta|publisher=Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa|language=id|url-status=live}}","char_index":92,"name":":0","url":"http://repositori.kemdikbud.go.id/2956/","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:27:10.014725-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Dialek Sungai Penuh juga mempunyai diftong , , , , , , dan yang ada pada kata-kata bersuku kata terbuka, seperti basou —namun, di dalam suku kata tertutup seperti laain , kedua vokal tidak diucapkan sebagai diftong.","translated_text":"The Full River dialect also has diftong , , , , , , , and is found in open-source tribal words, such as basou ⁇ namun, in closed syllables such as laain, both vowels are not pronounced as diftong.","citations":[{"content":"{{Cite book|last=Usman|first=A. Hakim|date=1985|url=http://repositori.kemdikbud.go.id/2956/|title=Kamus Umum Kerinci-Indonesia|location=Jakarta|publisher=Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa|language=id|url-status=live}}","char_index":215,"name":":0","url":"http://repositori.kemdikbud.go.id/2956/","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:27:10.014725-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{Cite book|last=Syahwin|first=Nikelas|last2=Zainuddin|first2=Amir|last3=Marah|first3=Rusmali|last4=Amir Hakim|first4=Usman|last5=Jolsnidar|first5=Anwar|date=1981|url=http://repositori.kemdikbud.go.id/1482/|title=Morfologi dan Sintaksis Bahasa Kerinci|publisher=Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa|language=id|url-status=live}}","char_index":215,"name":null,"url":"http://repositori.kemdikbud.go.id/1482/","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:27:20.043171-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]}]} +{"title":"Sirangkap, Panyabungan Timur, Mandailing Natal","wikicode":"{{desa\n|peta = \n|nama = Sirangkap\n|provinsi = Sumatera Utara\n|dati2 = Kabupaten\n|nama dati2 = Mandailing Natal\n|kecamatan = Panyabungan Timur\n|kode pos =22912\n|luas = ± 5 km2\n|penduduk = ± 1.000 jiwa\n|kepadatan = ± 200 jiwa/km2\n}}\n'''Sirangkap''' adalah [[desa]] di kecamatan [[Panyabungan Timur, Mandailing Natal|Panyabungan Timur]], [[Kabupaten Mandailing Natal]], [[Sumatera Utara]], [[Indonesia]].\n\n== Pranala luar ==\n{{RefDagri|2022}}\n\n{{Panyabungan Timur, Mandailing Natal}}\n\ndan disini terdapat tiga marga yakni Lubis, Nasution dan Rangkuti\n\nAdapun ketiga marga itu dibagi menjadi delapan kepala suku. Nasution di bagi menjadi tiga kepala suku, Lubis dibagi menjadi dua kepala suku dan Rangkuti dibagi menjadi tiga kepala suku.\n\nDimasa penjajahan Belanda, desa ini dipimpin seorang raja yang bernama Sutan Batanghari. Beliau diberi gelar Sutan Batanghari konon kata dari beberapa orang, karena beliau dahulu merantau ke daerah Jambi. Dan konon beliau masih keturunan dari Mangaraja Yang Dipertuan Hutasiantar.\n\nAdapun letak desa ini berada diwilayah Panyabungan Timur. Sekitar 25 Km dari pusat kota Panyabungan. Sebelah timur berbatas dengan wilayah desa Huta Tinggi dan sebelah barat berbatas dengan wilayah desa Huta Bangun. Desa ini berada di lembah Tor Sihite.\n\nDesa ini sudah banyak melahirkan Hafiz Al-Qur'an dan desa ini juga dijuluki dengan nama Kampung Al-Qur'an.","hash":"418251ff53645612ee58ab23dcb7cf27e72adb0b70b67da43739ad168fde34b7","last_revision":"2023-12-06T10:31:48Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T12:28:37Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:15.384545","cross_lingual_links":{"nl":"Sirangkap","su":"Sirangkap, Panyabungan Timur, Mandailing Natal"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:48.630527","text":"Sirangkap adalah desa di kecamatan Panyabungan Timur, Kabupaten Mandailing Natal, Sumatera Utara, Indonesia.\n\ndan disini terdapat tiga marga yakni Lubis, Nasution dan Rangkuti\n\nAdapun ketiga marga itu dibagi menjadi delapan kepala suku. Nasution di bagi menjadi tiga kepala suku, Lubis dibagi menjadi dua kepala suku dan Rangkuti dibagi menjadi tiga kepala suku.\n\nDimasa penjajahan Belanda, desa ini dipimpin seorang raja yang bernama Sutan Batanghari. Beliau diberi gelar Sutan Batanghari konon kata dari beberapa orang, karena beliau dahulu merantau ke daerah Jambi. Dan konon beliau masih keturunan dari Mangaraja Yang Dipertuan Hutasiantar.\n\nAdapun letak desa ini berada diwilayah Panyabungan Timur. Sekitar 25 Km dari pusat kota Panyabungan. Sebelah timur berbatas dengan wilayah desa Huta Tinggi dan sebelah barat berbatas dengan wilayah desa Huta Bangun. Desa ini berada di lembah Tor Sihite.\n\nDesa ini sudah banyak melahirkan Hafiz Al-Qur'an dan desa ini juga dijuluki dengan nama Kampung Al-Qur'an.\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Sirangkap adalah desa di kecamatan Panyabungan Timur, Kabupaten Mandailing Natal, Sumatera Utara, Indonesia.","translated_text":"Sirangkap is a village in the district of Panyabungan Timur, Mandailing Natal District, North Sumatra, Indonesia.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Pranala luar","translated_text":"External connections","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"dan disini terdapat tiga marga yakni Lubis, Nasution dan Rangkuti","translated_text":"And here are the three branches: Lubis, Nasution and Rangkuti.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Adapun ketiga marga itu dibagi menjadi delapan kepala suku.","translated_text":"And the three tribes were divided into eight chiefs.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Nasution di bagi menjadi tiga kepala suku, Lubis dibagi menjadi dua kepala suku dan Rangkuti dibagi menjadi tiga kepala suku.","translated_text":"Nasution was divided into three chiefs, Lubis was divided into two chiefs and Rangkuti was divided into three chiefs.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Dimasa penjajahan Belanda, desa ini dipimpin seorang raja yang bernama Sutan Batanghari.","translated_text":"During the Dutch colonial period, the village was ruled by a king named Sutan Batanghari.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Beliau diberi gelar Sutan Batanghari konon kata dari beberapa orang, karena beliau dahulu merantau ke daerah Jambi.","translated_text":"He was given the title of Sutan Batanghari by some people, as he used to migrate to Jambi.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Dan konon beliau masih keturunan dari Mangaraja Yang Dipertuan Hutasiantar.","translated_text":"And it is said that he is still a descendant of the Honorable Emperor Hutasiantar.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Adapun letak desa ini berada diwilayah Panyabungan Timur.","translated_text":"As for the location of this village, it is in the Eastern Suburbs.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Sekitar 25 Km dari pusat kota Panyabungan.","translated_text":"About 25 km from the center of Panyabungan.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Sebelah timur berbatas dengan wilayah desa Huta Tinggi dan sebelah barat berbatas dengan wilayah desa Huta Bangun.","translated_text":"It is bordered on the east by Huta Tinggi village and on the west by Huta Bangun village.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Desa ini berada di lembah Tor Sihite.","translated_text":"This village is in the Tor Sihite valley.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Desa ini sudah banyak melahirkan Hafiz Al-Qur'an dan desa ini juga dijuluki dengan nama Kampung Al-Qur'an.","translated_text":"This village has given birth to Hafiz Al-Qur'an many times and this village is also nicknamed by the name of Kampung Al-Qur'an.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Said Nursi","wikicode":"#ALIH [[Said Nursî]]","hash":"d20f6937009f6dc8564ac3717ffe52e2569883396c6e41536ed70f0c29727ea8","last_revision":"2010-07-13T12:28:45Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T12:28:45Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:15.436924","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH Said Nursî\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH Said Nursî","translated_text":"She said Nursî","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Satarupa","wikicode":"'''Satarupa''' {{Sanskerta|शतरूप|Śatarūpa}}, dalam [[mitologi Hindu]], adalah wanita yang diciptakan oleh Dewa [[Brahma]] untuk mendampingi [[Swayambu Manu]], pemimpin [[Manwantara]] pertama di bumi. Manu dan Satarupa memiliki dua putra dan tiga putri. Putra mereka bernama [[Priyabrata]] dan [[Utanapada]], sedangkan putri mereka bernama [[Akuti]], [[Dewahuti]], dan [[Prasuti]].\n\n== Mitologi menurut ''Matsyapurana'' ==\n\nMenurut kitab ''[[Matsyapurana]]'', Satarupa diciptakan dari tubuh Dewa Brahma – dewa pencipta. Ia juga dikenal dengan sebutan Gayatri, Saraswati, Sawitri, atau Brahmani. Para [[resi]] yang tercipta dari Dewa Brahma menganggapnya sebagai saudara perempuan mereka. Satarupa sangat cantik sehingga Brahma jatuh cinta dan ingin menikahinya.\n\nSatarupa memutari Brahma dan menunjukkan sikap hormat kepadanya. Brahma dapat memandang Satarupa saat wanita itu berdiri di hadapannya. Saat Satarupa berada di belakangnya, Brahma menciptakan kepala tambahan di belakang kepalanya sehingga ia dapat melihat Satarupa tanpa menoleh ke belakang. Saat Satarupa berada di sampingnya, ia pun menciptakan kepala baru di sebelah kiri dan kanan. Ketika Satarupa berada di atasnya, sebuah kepala juga muncul di atasnya. Akhirnya Brahma dikenal sebagai dewa berwajah lima.\n\nBrahma menikahi Satarupa dan mereka hidup bahagia sebagai suami istri selama seratus tahun. Putra mereka bernama [[Swayambu Manu]]. Meskipun menikahi anak sendiri dianggap sebagai suatu dosa, tindakan Brahma dibenarkan agar ada ciptaan. Hal ini diterangkan dalam kitab ''Matsyapurana''.\n\nKisah dalam ''Matsyapurana'' bertentangan dengan ''[[Purana]]'' lainnya, karena pada umumnya kitab ''Purana'' menyatakan bahwa Satarupa diciptakan untuk dinikahkan kepada Swayambu Manu. Keturunan mereka menghuni bumi dan disebut para ''manawa'' atau manusia.\n\n== Silsilah ==\n\n{{Silsilah Swayambumanu}}\n\n== Referensi ==\n\n* ''[[Matsyapurana]]''\n\n== Lihat pula ==\n* [[Hawa]]\n* [[Nuwa]]\n\n[[Kategori:Tokoh dalam mitologi Hindu]]","hash":"d2ab8a663a6d79cf7bc3f8917d0c92850a86ec502ef537e15a6721dbb5a9e634","last_revision":"2017-01-24T01:55:50Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T12:30:53Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:15.492005","cross_lingual_links":{"as":"শতৰূপা","bn":"শতরূপা","en":"Shatarupa","es":"Shatarupa","fr":"Shatarupa","hr":"Shatarupa","it":"Śatarūpā","kn":"ಶತರೂಪಾ","pa":"ਸਤਰੂਪਾ","ru":"Шатарупа","ta":"சதரூபா"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:48.630527","text":"Satarupa , dalam mitologi Hindu, adalah wanita yang diciptakan oleh Dewa Brahma untuk mendampingi Swayambu Manu, pemimpin Manwantara pertama di bumi. Manu dan Satarupa memiliki dua putra dan tiga putri. Putra mereka bernama Priyabrata dan Utanapada, sedangkan putri mereka bernama Akuti, Dewahuti, dan Prasuti.\n\nMenurut kitab Matsyapurana, Satarupa diciptakan dari tubuh Dewa Brahma – dewa pencipta. Ia juga dikenal dengan sebutan Gayatri, Saraswati, Sawitri, atau Brahmani. Para resi yang tercipta dari Dewa Brahma menganggapnya sebagai saudara perempuan mereka. Satarupa sangat cantik sehingga Brahma jatuh cinta dan ingin menikahinya.\n\nSatarupa memutari Brahma dan menunjukkan sikap hormat kepadanya. Brahma dapat memandang Satarupa saat wanita itu berdiri di hadapannya. Saat Satarupa berada di belakangnya, Brahma menciptakan kepala tambahan di belakang kepalanya sehingga ia dapat melihat Satarupa tanpa menoleh ke belakang. Saat Satarupa berada di sampingnya, ia pun menciptakan kepala baru di sebelah kiri dan kanan. Ketika Satarupa berada di atasnya, sebuah kepala juga muncul di atasnya. Akhirnya Brahma dikenal sebagai dewa berwajah lima.\n\nBrahma menikahi Satarupa dan mereka hidup bahagia sebagai suami istri selama seratus tahun. Putra mereka bernama Swayambu Manu. Meskipun menikahi anak sendiri dianggap sebagai suatu dosa, tindakan Brahma dibenarkan agar ada ciptaan. Hal ini diterangkan dalam kitab Matsyapurana.\n\nKisah dalam Matsyapurana bertentangan dengan Purana lainnya, karena pada umumnya kitab Purana menyatakan bahwa Satarupa diciptakan untuk dinikahkan kepada Swayambu Manu. Keturunan mereka menghuni bumi dan disebut para manawa atau manusia.\n\nMatsyapurana\n\nHawa Nuwa\n\nKategori:Tokoh dalam mitologi Hindu\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Satarupa , dalam mitologi Hindu, adalah wanita yang diciptakan oleh Dewa Brahma untuk mendampingi Swayambu Manu, pemimpin Manwantara pertama di bumi.","translated_text":"Satarupa, in Hindu mythology, is a woman created by the God Brahma to accompany Swayambu Manu, the first Manwantara leader on earth.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Manu dan Satarupa memiliki dua putra dan tiga putri.","translated_text":"Manu and Satarupa had two sons and three daughters.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Putra mereka bernama Priyabrata dan Utanapada, sedangkan putri mereka bernama Akuti, Dewahuti, dan Prasuti.","translated_text":"Their sons' names were Priyabrata and Utanapada, and their daughters' names were Akuti, Dewahuti, and Prasuti.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Mitologi menurut Matsyapurana","translated_text":"Mythology according to Matsyapurana","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Menurut kitab Matsyapurana, Satarupa diciptakan dari tubuh Dewa Brahma – dewa pencipta.","translated_text":"According to Matsyapurana, Satarupa was created from the body of the creator god Brahma.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Ia juga dikenal dengan sebutan Gayatri, Saraswati, Sawitri, atau Brahmani.","translated_text":"He was also known as Gayatri, Saraswati, Sawitri, or Brahmani.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Para resi yang tercipta dari Dewa Brahma menganggapnya sebagai saudara perempuan mereka.","translated_text":"The receivers created by the god Brahma regard her as their sister.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Satarupa sangat cantik sehingga Brahma jatuh cinta dan ingin menikahinya.","translated_text":"Satarupa was so beautiful that Brahma fell in love and wanted to marry her.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Satarupa memutari Brahma dan menunjukkan sikap hormat kepadanya.","translated_text":"Satarupa played Brahma and showed him respect.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Brahma dapat memandang Satarupa saat wanita itu berdiri di hadapannya.","translated_text":"Brahma could see Satarupa as she stood in front of him.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Saat Satarupa berada di belakangnya, Brahma menciptakan kepala tambahan di belakang kepalanya sehingga ia dapat melihat Satarupa tanpa menoleh ke belakang.","translated_text":"When Satarupa was behind him, Brahma created an additional head behind his head so that he could see Satarupa without turning back.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Saat Satarupa berada di sampingnya, ia pun menciptakan kepala baru di sebelah kiri dan kanan.","translated_text":"When Satarupa was beside him, he also created a new head on his left and right.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Ketika Satarupa berada di atasnya, sebuah kepala juga muncul di atasnya.","translated_text":"When Satarupa was on it, a head also appeared on it.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Akhirnya Brahma dikenal sebagai dewa berwajah lima.","translated_text":"Eventually Brahma became known as the five-faced god.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Brahma menikahi Satarupa dan mereka hidup bahagia sebagai suami istri selama seratus tahun.","translated_text":"Brahma married Satarupa and they lived happily married for a hundred years.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Putra mereka bernama Swayambu Manu.","translated_text":"Their son is Swayambu Manu.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Meskipun menikahi anak sendiri dianggap sebagai suatu dosa, tindakan Brahma dibenarkan agar ada ciptaan.","translated_text":"Although marrying one's own child was considered a sin, Brahma's actions were justified for creation.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Hal ini diterangkan dalam kitab Matsyapurana.","translated_text":"This is described in the book of Matsyapurana.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kisah dalam Matsyapurana bertentangan dengan Purana lainnya, karena pada umumnya kitab Purana menyatakan bahwa Satarupa diciptakan untuk dinikahkan kepada Swayambu Manu.","translated_text":"The story in Matsyapurana contrasts with the rest of the Purana, as the Purana generally states that Satarupa was created to be married to Swayambu Manu.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Keturunan mereka menghuni bumi dan disebut para manawa atau manusia.","translated_text":"Their descendants inhabited the earth and were called the Manawa, or humans.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Silsilah","translated_text":"The lineage","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"heading","text":"Referensi","translated_text":"References","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Matsyapurana","translated_text":"Matsyapurana","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Lihat pula","translated_text":"Look at that.","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Hawa Nuwa","translated_text":"Eve of Noah","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kategori:Tokoh dalam mitologi Hindu","translated_text":"Category:Characters in Hindu mythology","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Tissue toilet","wikicode":"#ALIH [[Kertas jamban]]","hash":"1ad0d610d99bf3323e16e2f6cc8547c700032174fd08fbbb9c2fe63074bab3c3","last_revision":"2024-02-28T11:18:20Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T12:48:52Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:15.545857","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH Kertas jamban\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH Kertas jamban","translated_text":"Buy toilet paper","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Tissue","wikicode":"#ALIH [[Tisu]]","hash":"5674c0ead9bde8819ba59a60323e7ffd414acec9e605d6cbc533b6e1a4383bb9","last_revision":"2010-07-13T12:49:12Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T12:49:12Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:15.599229","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH Tisu\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH Tisu","translated_text":"The Tissue","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Kalayawana","wikicode":"{{TMH Infobox\n| Nama = Kalayawana\n| Image = Kalayavam_and_Srikrishna.jpg\n| Caption = Ilustrasi Kalayawana (tengah) menantang [[Kresna]].\n| Devanagari = काालयावन\n| Ejaan_Sanskerta = Kālayāvana\n| Ayah = Gangia\n| Suku = [[Yawana]]\n| Golongan = raksasa\n| Tempat = [[kerajaan Yawana]]\n| Kitab = ''[[Bhagawatapurana]]''\n}}\nDalam [[mitologi Hindu]], '''Kalayawana''' {{Sanskerta|काालयावन|Kālayāvana}} adalah nama seorang [[asura]]/[[rakshasa|raksasa]]. Ia merupakan putra seorang [[brahmana]] bernama Gangia, dan diangkat menjadi raja para [[Yawana]]. Ia merupakan salah satu musuh [[Kresna]] yang kerap menggempur [[Mathura]], kediaman Kresna (selain Sala dan Jarasanda). Dalam ''[[Bhagawatapurana]]'' dikisahkan bahwa ia tewas terbakar oleh api kemarahan Raja [[Mucukunda]].\n\n== Riwayat ==\n[[Berkas:Brooklyn_Museum_-_Kalayavana_Surrounds_Mathura_Page_from_a_Dispersed_Bhagavata_Purana_Series.jpg|ka|270px|jmpl|Pasukan Kalayawana mengepung [[Mathura]]. Ilustrasi dari naskah ''[[Bhagawatapurana]]'', kini disimpan di [[Museum Brooklyn]].]]\n=== Kelahiran ===\nDalam ''[[Bhagawatapurana]]'' diceritakan bahwa Kalayawana merupakan anugrah para dewa kepada Gangia. Pada mulanya Gangia dihina oleh para [[Yadawa]]. Untuk membalas dendam kepada para Yadawa, Gangia melakukan tapa di pesisir samudra selatan. Ia melakukan tapa dengan sangat khusyuk selama 12 tahun. Selama bertapa, ia hanya makan bijih besi dan debu baja. Para dewa pun berkenan atas tapa yang dilakukannya. Akhirnya para dewa mengabulkan keinginan Gangia, yaitu memiliki seorang anak yang mampu mengalahkan para Yadawa. Anak tersebut bertubuh hitam (dalam [[bahasa Sanskerta]], ''kala'' berarti \"hitam\"). Pada saat itu, raja para Yawana tidak memiliki anak. Maka anak bertubuh hitam tersebut diberikan kepada sang raja. Akhirnya anak itu disebut Kalayawana. Setelah dewasa ia menggantikan ayahnya, menjadi raja para Yawana.\n\n=== Peperangan ===\nUntuk menambah kemahsyurannya, ia berperang dengan raja-raja sakti. Kalayawana bertanya kepada [[Narada]]—seorang pengelana bijaksana—tentang keberadaan para raja yang sakti. Setelah tahu bahwa sebagian besar raja yang sakti berasal dari golongan [[Yadawa]], maka ia mengerahkan pasukan raksasanya menuju [[Mathura]], salah satu pusat pemerintahan para Yadawa. Ia mengumpulkan ribuan [[gajah perang|gajah]], [[kavaleri|kuda]], dan [[kereta perang|kereta]] untuk menggempur Mathura.\n\nPada saat itu, [[Kresna]]—pemimpin para Yadawa—sibuk mengatur kotanya sebab kaumnya sedang berada dalam masa-masa peperangan dengan Raja [[Jarasanda]] dari [[Kerajaan Magadha|Magadha]]. Setelah menerima tantangan dari Kalayawana, ia menjadi bingung sebab ada dua kekuatan yang akan menyerang kotanya, yaitu pasukan Jarasanda dan pasukan Kalayawana. Apabila ia menyerang Kalayawana terlebih dahulu, maka Jarasanda akan memanfaatkan kesempatan itu untuk menyerang. Sebaliknya apabila ia bertarung dengan Jarasanda terlebih dahulu, maka Kalayawana akan menyerang para Yadawa yang lelah setelah berperang dengan Jarasanda. Akhirnya Kresna memutuskan untuk mengungsikan para Yadawa di sebuah kota baru di pinggir lautan. Kota tersebut berdiri megah dan dikelilingi tembok yang kokoh. Kota itu disebut [[Dwaraka]].\n\n=== Kematian ===\nSetelah mengungsikan rakyatnya, Kresna maju sendirian ke hadapan Kalayawana untuk menyatakan perang. Kehadiran Kresna dan pernyataan perang telah membuat Kalayawana bersemangat. Dengan cerdik, Kresna berlari ke sebuah gua, tempat seorang raja yang bernama [[Mucukunda]] beristirahat di sana. Kalayawana ikut masuk ke dalam gua untuk mengejar Kresna. Dalam gua yang gelap gulita, ia merasa ada tubuh manusia yang berbaring. Ia mengira bahwa orang itu adalah Kresna yang bersembunyi, sehingga orang itu ditendangnya, tanpa mengetahui bahwa itu adalah Mucukunda yang sedang tidur. Karena merasa tidurnya diganggu, ia memandang Kalayawana dengan sorot mata penuh kemarahan. Kemarahan Mucukunda membuat Kalayawana terbakar hingga menjadi abu.\n\n== Lihat pula ==\n* [[Mucukunda]]\n\n== Daftar pustaka ==\n* {{citation| author= Sister Nivedita & Ananda K. Coomaraswamy | title= Myths and Legends of the Hindus and Bhuddhists | place=Kolkata | year = 2001 |ISBN=81-7505-197-3}}\n\n== Pranala luar ==\n\n* {{en}} [http://www.mythfolklore.net/india/encyclopedia/kalayavana.htm Kalayavana di Mythfolklore.net]\n\n[[Kategori:Asura]]\n[[Kategori:Tokoh dalam mitologi Hindu]]","hash":"846c17a91feb9947e00ab18e72f8e7aad91fc874fdbe2b73d18b27d2d8937715","last_revision":"2023-06-29T04:28:16Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T12:53:08Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:15.653242","cross_lingual_links":{"ar":"كالايافانا","bn":"কালযবন","en":"Kalayavana","gu":"કાલયવન","hi":"कालयावन","kn":"ಕಾಲಯವನ","mr":"कालयवन","ta":"காலயவனன்","te":"కాలయవనుడు"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:48.630527","text":"Dalam mitologi Hindu, Kalayawana adalah nama seorang asura/raksasa. Ia merupakan putra seorang brahmana bernama Gangia, dan diangkat menjadi raja para Yawana. Ia merupakan salah satu musuh Kresna yang kerap menggempur Mathura, kediaman Kresna (selain Sala dan Jarasanda). Dalam Bhagawatapurana dikisahkan bahwa ia tewas terbakar oleh api kemarahan Raja Mucukunda.\n\nDalam Bhagawatapurana diceritakan bahwa Kalayawana merupakan anugrah para dewa kepada Gangia. Pada mulanya Gangia dihina oleh para Yadawa. Untuk membalas dendam kepada para Yadawa, Gangia melakukan tapa di pesisir samudra selatan. Ia melakukan tapa dengan sangat khusyuk selama 12 tahun. Selama bertapa, ia hanya makan bijih besi dan debu baja. Para dewa pun berkenan atas tapa yang dilakukannya. Akhirnya para dewa mengabulkan keinginan Gangia, yaitu memiliki seorang anak yang mampu mengalahkan para Yadawa. Anak tersebut bertubuh hitam (dalam bahasa Sanskerta, kala berarti \"hitam\"). Pada saat itu, raja para Yawana tidak memiliki anak. Maka anak bertubuh hitam tersebut diberikan kepada sang raja. Akhirnya anak itu disebut Kalayawana. Setelah dewasa ia menggantikan ayahnya, menjadi raja para Yawana.\n\nUntuk menambah kemahsyurannya, ia berperang dengan raja-raja sakti. Kalayawana bertanya kepada Narada—seorang pengelana bijaksana—tentang keberadaan para raja yang sakti. Setelah tahu bahwa sebagian besar raja yang sakti berasal dari golongan Yadawa, maka ia mengerahkan pasukan raksasanya menuju Mathura, salah satu pusat pemerintahan para Yadawa. Ia mengumpulkan ribuan gajah, kuda, dan kereta untuk menggempur Mathura.\n\nPada saat itu, Kresna—pemimpin para Yadawa—sibuk mengatur kotanya sebab kaumnya sedang berada dalam masa-masa peperangan dengan Raja Jarasanda dari Magadha. Setelah menerima tantangan dari Kalayawana, ia menjadi bingung sebab ada dua kekuatan yang akan menyerang kotanya, yaitu pasukan Jarasanda dan pasukan Kalayawana. Apabila ia menyerang Kalayawana terlebih dahulu, maka Jarasanda akan memanfaatkan kesempatan itu untuk menyerang. Sebaliknya apabila ia bertarung dengan Jarasanda terlebih dahulu, maka Kalayawana akan menyerang para Yadawa yang lelah setelah berperang dengan Jarasanda. Akhirnya Kresna memutuskan untuk mengungsikan para Yadawa di sebuah kota baru di pinggir lautan. Kota tersebut berdiri megah dan dikelilingi tembok yang kokoh. Kota itu disebut Dwaraka.\n\nSetelah mengungsikan rakyatnya, Kresna maju sendirian ke hadapan Kalayawana untuk menyatakan perang. Kehadiran Kresna dan pernyataan perang telah membuat Kalayawana bersemangat. Dengan cerdik, Kresna berlari ke sebuah gua, tempat seorang raja yang bernama Mucukunda beristirahat di sana. Kalayawana ikut masuk ke dalam gua untuk mengejar Kresna. Dalam gua yang gelap gulita, ia merasa ada tubuh manusia yang berbaring. Ia mengira bahwa orang itu adalah Kresna yang bersembunyi, sehingga orang itu ditendangnya, tanpa mengetahui bahwa itu adalah Mucukunda yang sedang tidur. Karena merasa tidurnya diganggu, ia memandang Kalayawana dengan sorot mata penuh kemarahan. Kemarahan Mucukunda membuat Kalayawana terbakar hingga menjadi abu.\n\nMucukunda\n\nKalayavana di Mythfolklore.net\n\nKategori:Asura Kategori:Tokoh dalam mitologi Hindu\n","elements":[{"type":"infobox","content":"{{TMH Infobox\n| Nama = Kalayawana\n| Image = Kalayavam_and_Srikrishna.jpg\n| Caption = Ilustrasi Kalayawana (tengah) menantang [[Kresna]].\n| Devanagari = काालयावन\n| Ejaan_Sanskerta = Kālayāvana\n| Ayah = Gangia\n| Suku = [[Yawana]]\n| Golongan = raksasa\n| Tempat = [[kerajaan Yawana]]\n| Kitab = ''[[Bhagawatapurana]]''\n}}"},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Dalam mitologi Hindu, Kalayawana adalah nama seorang asura/raksasa.","translated_text":"In Hindu mythology, Kalayawana is the name of an asura/giant.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Ia merupakan putra seorang brahmana bernama Gangia, dan diangkat menjadi raja para Yawana.","translated_text":"He was the son of a Brahmin named Gangia, and was made king of the Yawana.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Ia merupakan salah satu musuh Kresna yang kerap menggempur Mathura, kediaman Kresna (selain Sala dan Jarasanda).","translated_text":"He was one of the enemies of Kresna who frequently attacked Mathura, the residence of Kresna (apart from Sala and Jarasanda).","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Dalam Bhagawatapurana dikisahkan bahwa ia tewas terbakar oleh api kemarahan Raja Mucukunda.","translated_text":"In the Bhagawatapurana it is said that he was burned to death by the fury of King Mucukunda.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Riwayat","translated_text":"The history","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"heading","text":"Kelahiran","translated_text":"Birth","level":3,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Dalam Bhagawatapurana diceritakan bahwa Kalayawana merupakan anugrah para dewa kepada Gangia.","translated_text":"In the Bhagawatapurana it is told that Kalayawana was a gift of the gods to Gangia.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pada mulanya Gangia dihina oleh para Yadawa.","translated_text":"At first Gangia was humiliated by the Yadavas.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Untuk membalas dendam kepada para Yadawa, Gangia melakukan tapa di pesisir samudra selatan.","translated_text":"To avenge the Yadavas, Gangia meditated on the southern ocean coast.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Ia melakukan tapa dengan sangat khusyuk selama 12 tahun.","translated_text":"He meditated with great diligence for 12 years.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Selama bertapa, ia hanya makan bijih besi dan debu baja.","translated_text":"During his stay, he ate only iron ore and steel dust.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Para dewa pun berkenan atas tapa yang dilakukannya.","translated_text":"The gods were pleased with his meditation.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Akhirnya para dewa mengabulkan keinginan Gangia, yaitu memiliki seorang anak yang mampu mengalahkan para Yadawa.","translated_text":"Eventually the gods granted Gangia's wish to have a son who could defeat the Yadawa.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Anak tersebut bertubuh hitam (dalam bahasa Sanskerta, kala berarti \"hitam\").","translated_text":"The child was black (in Sanskrit, kala means \"black\").","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pada saat itu, raja para Yawana tidak memiliki anak.","translated_text":"At that time, the king of the Yawana had no children.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Maka anak bertubuh hitam tersebut diberikan kepada sang raja.","translated_text":"So the black-bodied boy was given to the king.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Akhirnya anak itu disebut Kalayawana.","translated_text":"Eventually the child was called Kalayawana.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Setelah dewasa ia menggantikan ayahnya, menjadi raja para Yawana.","translated_text":"When he grew up, he succeeded his father as king of the Yawana.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Peperangan","translated_text":"The War","level":3,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Untuk menambah kemahsyurannya, ia berperang dengan raja-raja sakti.","translated_text":"To add to his might, he waged war against the kings of the Saxons.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Kalayawana bertanya kepada Narada—seorang pengelana bijaksana—tentang keberadaan para raja yang sakti.","translated_text":"Kalayawana asks Narada, a wise merchant, about the existence of holy kings.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Setelah tahu bahwa sebagian besar raja yang sakti berasal dari golongan Yadawa, maka ia mengerahkan pasukan raksasanya menuju Mathura, salah satu pusat pemerintahan para Yadawa.","translated_text":"Upon learning that most of the monarchs were from the Yadawa sect, he deployed his forces to Mathura, one of the Yadawa's administrative centers.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Ia mengumpulkan ribuan gajah, kuda, dan kereta untuk menggempur Mathura.","translated_text":"He gathered thousands of elephants, horses, and chariots to defeat Mathura.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Pada saat itu, Kresna—pemimpin para Yadawa—sibuk mengatur kotanya sebab kaumnya sedang berada dalam masa-masa peperangan dengan Raja Jarasanda dari Magadha.","translated_text":"At that time, Kresna, the leader of the Yadawa ⁇ sibuk, organized his city because his people were in times of war with King Jarasanda of Magadha.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Setelah menerima tantangan dari Kalayawana, ia menjadi bingung sebab ada dua kekuatan yang akan menyerang kotanya, yaitu pasukan Jarasanda dan pasukan Kalayawana.","translated_text":"After receiving the challenge from Kalayawana, he becomes confused because there are two forces that will attack his city, namely Jarasanda's army and Kalayawana's army.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Apabila ia menyerang Kalayawana terlebih dahulu, maka Jarasanda akan memanfaatkan kesempatan itu untuk menyerang.","translated_text":"If he attacks Kalayawana first, Jarasanda will seize the opportunity to attack.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Sebaliknya apabila ia bertarung dengan Jarasanda terlebih dahulu, maka Kalayawana akan menyerang para Yadawa yang lelah setelah berperang dengan Jarasanda.","translated_text":"On the other hand, if he fights Jarasanda first, Kalayawana will attack the tired Yadawa after fighting Jarasanda.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Akhirnya Kresna memutuskan untuk mengungsikan para Yadawa di sebuah kota baru di pinggir lautan.","translated_text":"Eventually Kresna decided to emigrate the Yadavas to a new seaside town.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Kota tersebut berdiri megah dan dikelilingi tembok yang kokoh.","translated_text":"The city stood magnificently and was surrounded by strong walls.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Kota itu disebut Dwaraka.","translated_text":"The city is called Dwaraka.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Kematian","translated_text":"The Death","level":3,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Setelah mengungsikan rakyatnya, Kresna maju sendirian ke hadapan Kalayawana untuk menyatakan perang.","translated_text":"After exiling his people, Kresna advanced alone to Kalayawana to declare war.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Kehadiran Kresna dan pernyataan perang telah membuat Kalayawana bersemangat.","translated_text":"Kresna's presence and declaration of war have excited Kalayawana.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Dengan cerdik, Kresna berlari ke sebuah gua, tempat seorang raja yang bernama Mucukunda beristirahat di sana.","translated_text":"Cleverly, Kresna ran to a cave, where a king named Mucukunda rested.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Kalayawana ikut masuk ke dalam gua untuk mengejar Kresna.","translated_text":"Kalayawana went into the cave to chase Kresna.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Dalam gua yang gelap gulita, ia merasa ada tubuh manusia yang berbaring.","translated_text":"In the dark cave, he felt a human body lying.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Ia mengira bahwa orang itu adalah Kresna yang bersembunyi, sehingga orang itu ditendangnya, tanpa mengetahui bahwa itu adalah Mucukunda yang sedang tidur.","translated_text":"She thought it was Kresna hiding, so she kicked him, not knowing that it was Mucukunda sleeping.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Karena merasa tidurnya diganggu, ia memandang Kalayawana dengan sorot mata penuh kemarahan.","translated_text":"Feeling disturbed by his sleep, he gazed at Kalayawana with angry eyes.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Kemarahan Mucukunda membuat Kalayawana terbakar hingga menjadi abu.","translated_text":"Mucukunda's anger caused Kalayawana to burn to ashes.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Lihat pula","translated_text":"Look at that.","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Mucukunda","translated_text":"I'm going to miss you.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Daftar pustaka","translated_text":"List of libraries","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"heading","text":"Pranala luar","translated_text":"External connections","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kalayavana di Mythfolklore.net","translated_text":"Kalayavana at Mythfolklore.net","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kategori:Asura Kategori:Tokoh dalam mitologi Hindu","translated_text":"Category:Asura Category:Characters in the Hindu mythology","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Sylvester stallone","wikicode":"#ALIH [[Sylvester Stallone]]{{A kapital}}","hash":"4598e9afd5fbdac8656286c0012bdb6b0aaf3fa1c4aef538be92eb92d42b5594","last_revision":"2010-07-13T13:05:51Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T13:05:51Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:15.717856","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH Sylvester Stallone\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH Sylvester Stallone","translated_text":"This is Sylvester Stallone.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Sylvia 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Pertengahan]]\n|languages=[[Bahasa Gereja Slavonia Lama]]\n|creator=Santo [[Kiril dan Metodius]]\n|sample=Glagolithic alphabet sample.svg\n|sample_desc=Contoh huruf-huruf dalam alfabet Glagol.\n|iso15924=Glag\n}}\n'''Alfabet Glagol''', juga dikenal sebagai ''Glagolitsa,'' adalah [[aksara]] [[Slavia]] yang paling awal. Namanya sendiri baru dibuat berabad-abad setelah penciptaan alfabet ini, dan diambil dari [[Bahasa Gereja Slavonia Lama]] ''glagolъ'' \"ucapan\" (juga merupakan cikal bakal dari nama Slavia untuk huruf G). Sementara Kata kerja ''glagoliti'' sendiri bermakna \"berbicara\". Telah ada banyak dugaan bahwa nama ''glagolitsa'' berkembang di [[Kroasia]] sekitar abad ke-14 dan berasal dari kata ''glagolity'', diterapkan pada para penganut liturgi dalam bahasa Slavia.Bernard Comrie and Greville G. Corbett, ''The Slavonic Languages,'' Taylor & Francis, 2002, hlm. 29.\n\nNama ''Glagol'' diterjemahkan dalam [[bahasa Belarusia]] sebagai глаголіца ('hlaholitsa'), 'Глаголица' (Glagolitza) dalam [[bahasa Bulgaria]], 'glagolitsa / glagolica' dalam [[bahasa Makedonia]], ''glagoljica'' dalam [[bahasa Kroasia]], ''glagoljica''/''глагољица'' dalam [[bahasa Serbia]], ''hlaholice,'' dalam [[bahasa Ceko]], ''głagolica'' dalam [[bahasa Polandia]], глаголица ('glagólitsa') dalam [[bahasa Rusia]], {{lang|sl|''glagolica''}} dalam [[bahasa Slovenia]], ''hlaholika'' dalam [[bahasa Slowakia]], dan глаголиця ('hlaholytsia') dalam [[bahasa Ukraina]] .\n\n== Referensi ==\n{{reflist}}\n\n== Pranala luar ==\n{{Commonscat|Glagolitic alphabet}}\n* [http://www.hr/darko/etf/et03.html Aksara Glagol Kroasia]\n* [http://www.hr/darko/etf/novi.html Aksara Glagol Kroasia]\n* [http://forum.textualheritage.org/viewtopic.php?t=60 Aksara Glagol]\n* [http://www.omniglot.com/writing/glagolitic.htm Aksara Glagol] di omniglot.com\n* [http://www.obshtezhitie.net/texts/bgf/introd.html Fragmen Glagol Budapest]\n* [http://www.hr/darko/glagoljica/gl-font.html Huruf Glagol]\n* [http://www.feefhs.org/journal/2004_Web_article.pdf Penggunaan angka]\n\n{{jenis aksara|state=show|state3=show}}\n\n[[Kategori:Alfabet|Glagol]]\n[[Kategori:Budaya Slavia]]\n[[Kategori:Moravia Besar]]\n[[Kategori:Sejarah Bulgaria]]\n[[Kategori:Sejarah Kroasia]]\n\n\n{{bahasa-stub}}","hash":"0def1957e9ab1d5cc8b84d22a4ef6e43b5ecca56e4d96a33732aef7c6b72e7da","last_revision":"2023-01-22T20:39:28Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T13:11:23Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:17.478270","cross_lingual_links":{"af":"Glagolitiese alfabet","ar":"أبجدية غلاغوليتسية","ast":"Alfabetu glagolíticu","be":"Глаголіца","be-x-old":"Глаголіца","bg":"Глаголица","br":"Lizherenneg c'hlagolitek","bs":"Glagoljica","ca":"Glagolític","ce":"Глаголица","cs":"Hlaholice","cu":"Кѷрїлловица","cv":"Глаголица","da":"Det glagolitiske alfabet","de":"Glagolitische Schrift","dsb":"Glagolica","el":"Γλαγολιτικό αλφάβητο","en":"Glagolitic script","eo":"Glagolico","es":"Alfabeto glagolítico","et":"Glagoolitsa","eu":"Alfabeto glagolitiko","fa":"الفبای گلاگولیتی","fi":"Glagoliittinen kirjaimisto","fr":"Alphabet glagolitique","frr":"Glagolitisk skraft","gl":"Alfabeto glagolítico","he":"אלפבית גלגוליטי","hr":"Glagoljica","hsb":"Glagolica","hu":"Glagolita ábécé","it":"Alfabeto glagolitico","ja":"グラゴル文字","ka":"გლაგოლიცა","kk":"Глаголица","ko":"글라골 문자","ky":"Глаголица","la":"Abecedarium Glagoliticum","lfn":"Alfabeta glagolitica","lt":"Glagolica","lv":"Glagolica","mk":"Глаголица","ms":"Aksara Glagol","nl":"Glagolitisch alfabet","nb":"Det glagolittiske alfabetet","pcd":"Alfabet glagolitike","pl":"Głagolica","pt":"Alfabeto glagolítico","ro":"Alfabetul glagolitic","ru":"Глаголица","sh":"Glagoljica","sk":"Hlaholika","sl":"Glagolica","sr":"Глагољица","sv":"Glagolitiska alfabetet","szl":"Głagolica","th":"อักษรกลาโกลิติก","tr":"Glagol alfabesi","uk":"Глаголиця","wuu":"格拉哥里字母","zh":"格拉哥里字母","zh-yue":"格拉哥里字母"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:48.694283","text":"Alfabet Glagol, juga dikenal sebagai Glagolitsa, adalah aksara Slavia yang paling awal. Namanya sendiri baru dibuat berabad-abad setelah penciptaan alfabet ini, dan diambil dari Bahasa Gereja Slavonia Lama glagolъ \"ucapan\" (juga merupakan cikal bakal dari nama Slavia untuk huruf G). Sementara Kata kerja glagoliti sendiri bermakna \"berbicara\". Telah ada banyak dugaan bahwa nama glagolitsa berkembang di Kroasia sekitar abad ke-14 dan berasal dari kata glagolity, diterapkan pada para penganut liturgi dalam bahasa Slavia.\n\nNama Glagol diterjemahkan dalam bahasa Belarusia sebagai глаголіца ('hlaholitsa'), 'Глаголица' (Glagolitza) dalam bahasa Bulgaria, 'glagolitsa / glagolica' dalam bahasa Makedonia, glagoljica dalam bahasa Kroasia, glagoljica/глагољица dalam bahasa Serbia, hlaholice, dalam bahasa Ceko, głagolica dalam bahasa Polandia, глаголица ('glagólitsa') dalam bahasa Rusia, dalam bahasa Slovenia, hlaholika dalam bahasa Slowakia, dan глаголиця ('hlaholytsia') dalam bahasa Ukraina .\n\nAksara Glagol Kroasia Aksara Glagol Kroasia Aksara Glagol Aksara Glagol di omniglot.com Fragmen Glagol Budapest Huruf Glagol Penggunaan angka\n\nGlagol Kategori:Budaya Slavia Kategori:Moravia Besar Kategori:Sejarah Bulgaria Kategori:Sejarah Kroasia\n","elements":[{"type":"infobox","content":"{{Infobox Writing system\n|type=Alfabet\n|name=Alfabet Glagol\n|time=tahun 862/863 [[Masehi|M]] sampai [[Abad Pertengahan]]\n|languages=[[Bahasa Gereja Slavonia Lama]]\n|creator=Santo [[Kiril dan Metodius]]\n|sample=Glagolithic alphabet sample.svg\n|sample_desc=Contoh huruf-huruf dalam alfabet Glagol.\n|iso15924=Glag\n}}"},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Alfabet Glagol, juga dikenal sebagai Glagolitsa, adalah aksara Slavia yang paling awal.","translated_text":"The Glagol alphabet, also known as Glagolitsa, is the earliest Slavic script.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Namanya sendiri baru dibuat berabad-abad setelah penciptaan alfabet ini, dan diambil dari Bahasa Gereja Slavonia Lama glagolъ \"ucapan\" (juga merupakan cikal bakal dari nama Slavia untuk huruf G).","translated_text":"Its own name was only created centuries after the creation of this alphabet, and is taken from the Old Slavonic Church language glagolъ \"speech\" (also a bishop's initials of the Slavic name for the letter G).","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Sementara Kata kerja glagoliti sendiri bermakna \"berbicara\".","translated_text":"While the verb Glagolitic itself means \"to speak\".","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Telah ada banyak dugaan bahwa nama glagolitsa berkembang di Kroasia sekitar abad ke-14 dan berasal dari kata glagolity, diterapkan pada para penganut liturgi dalam bahasa Slavia.","translated_text":"There has been much speculation that the name glagolitsa developed in Croatia around the 14th century and derives from the word glagolity, applied to liturgists in Slavic.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[{"content":"Bernard Comrie and Greville G. Corbett, ''The Slavonic Languages,'' Taylor & Francis, 2002, hlm. 29.","char_index":178,"name":null,"url":null,"source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":null,"source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Nama Glagol diterjemahkan dalam bahasa Belarusia sebagai глаголіца ('hlaholitsa'), 'Глаголица' (Glagolitza) dalam bahasa Bulgaria, 'glagolitsa / glagolica' dalam bahasa Makedonia, glagoljica dalam bahasa Kroasia, glagoljica/глагољица dalam bahasa Serbia, hlaholice, dalam bahasa Ceko, głagolica dalam bahasa Polandia, глаголица ('glagólitsa') dalam bahasa Rusia, dalam bahasa Slovenia, hlaholika dalam bahasa Slowakia, dan глаголиця ('hlaholytsia') dalam bahasa Ukraina .","translated_text":"The name Glagol is translated in Belarusian as глаголіца ('hlaholitsa'), 'Глаголица' (Glagolitza) in Bulgarian, 'glagolitsa/glagolica' in Macedonian, glagoljica in Croatian, glagoljica/глагољица in Serbian, hlaholice, in Czech, głagolica in Polish, глаголица ('glagólitsa') in Russian, in Slovenian, hlaholika in Slovak, and глаголиця ('hlaholytsia') in Ukrainian.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Referensi","translated_text":"References","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"heading","text":"Pranala luar","translated_text":"External connections","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Aksara Glagol Kroasia Aksara Glagol Kroasia Aksara Glagol Aksara Glagol di omniglot.com Fragmen Glagol Budapest Huruf Glagol Penggunaan angka","translated_text":"Croatian Glagol script Croatian Glagol script Glagol script Glagol script at omniglot.com Fragments Glagol Budapest Letters Glagol Use of numbers","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Glagol Kategori:Budaya Slavia Kategori:Moravia Besar Kategori:Sejarah Bulgaria Kategori:Sejarah Kroasia","translated_text":"The following is a list of the official languages of the Republic of Bulgaria.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[{"text":"Namanya sendiri baru dibuat berabad-abad setelah penciptaan alfabet ini, dan diambil dari Bahasa Gereja Slavonia Lama glagolъ \"ucapan\" (juga merupakan cikal bakal dari nama Slavia untuk huruf G). Sementara Kata kerja glagoliti sendiri bermakna \"berbicara\". Telah ada banyak dugaan bahwa nama glagolitsa berkembang di Kroasia sekitar abad ke-14 dan berasal dari kata glagolity, diterapkan pada para penganut liturgi dalam bahasa Slavia.","translated_text":"Its own name was only created centuries after the creation of this alphabet, and is taken from the Old Slavonic Church language glagolъ \"speech\" (also a bishop's initials of the Slavic name for the letter G). While the verb Glagolitic itself means \"to speak\". There has been much speculation that the name glagolitsa developed in Croatia around the 14th century and derives from the word glagolity, applied to liturgists in Slavic.","citations":[{"content":"Bernard Comrie and Greville G. Corbett, ''The Slavonic Languages,'' Taylor & Francis, 2002, hlm. 29.","char_index":435,"name":null,"url":null,"source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":null,"source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]}]} +{"title":"São tomé","wikicode":"#ALIH [[São Tomé]]{{A kapital}}","hash":"1f766b4536355d61eafb655ebbc0ad47a6315f8626701f1bd1952fc32e207a0c","last_revision":"2010-07-13T13:11:31Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T13:11:31Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:17.540069","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH São Tomé\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH São Tomé","translated_text":"The City of São Tomé","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Sächsische schweiz","wikicode":"#ALIH [[Sächsische Schweiz]]{{A kapital}}","hash":"ad8528c3746b0f98cb604a44dc44d4f90a8ba4233a0e611aa6e2237b5dc5f244","last_revision":"2010-07-13T13:11:41Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T13:11:41Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:17.599280","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH Sächsische Schweiz\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH Sächsische Schweiz","translated_text":"The Sächsische Schweiz","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Sébastien bassong","wikicode":"#ALIH [[Sébastien Bassong]]{{A kapital}}","hash":"01ddb927c709558ff9ffa27a6c084331b81f989ad78412f0497d1a1787535a0d","last_revision":"2010-07-13T13:11:51Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T13:11:51Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:17.654580","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH Sébastien Bassong\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH Sébastien Bassong","translated_text":"What about Sebastian Bassong?","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Raji","wikicode":"{{kegunaanlain|Raji (disambiguasi)}}\n'''Raji''' {{Sanskerta|रजि|Raji}} adalah seorang tokoh dalam [[mitologi Hindu]], putra ke-4 Raja [[Ayu (mitologi)|Ayu]], keturunan [[Pururawa]], dari [[Dinasti Candra]]. Ia merupakan saudara [[Nahusa]], Kesatrawerda, Ramba, dan Anena. Dalam kitab ''[[Wisnupurana]]'' disebutkan bahwa Raji memiliki 500 putra, semuanya pemberani.\n\n== Mitologi ==\n\nDalam kitab ''[[Wisnupurana]]'' diceritakan bahwa bertahun-tahun yang lampau para [[asura]] dan para [[dewata|dewa]] melakukan peperangan. Para dewa dan asura bertanya kepada [[Brahma]]–dewa kebijaksanaan–untuk mengetahui siapa yang akan memenangkan peperangan tersebut. Brahma menjawab bahwa kemenangan berada di pihak yang bersekutu dengan Raji. Maka dari itu, para dewa dan para asura langsung menemui Raji. Saat para asura memohon agar ia bersekutu dengan mereka, Raji mengajukan syarat bahwa ia bersedia bersekutu dengan para asura apabila setelah kemenangan diraih ia diangkat sebagai [[Indra]] – gelar pemimpin para dewa. Para asura menolaknya sebab mereka sudah mencalonkan [[Prahlada]] sebagai Indra yang baru. Dengan demikian, Raji tidak bersekutu dengan para asura.\n\nPara dewa menghadap Raji dan Raji mengajukan persyaratan yang sama. Para dewa bersedia memenuhi persyaratan tersebut sehingga Raji berpihak pada mereka. Dengan Raji sebagai sekutu mereka, para dewa berperang melawan para asura. Raji membunuh banyak asura sehingga kemenangan berada di pihak para dewa. Sesuai dengan perjanjian yang sah, Raji meminta agar ia diangkat menjadi Indra yang baru. Namun [[Indra]] yang masih berkuasa pada saat itu langsung bersujud di kaki Raji dan berkata bahwa Raji sudah melindungi mereka, seperti ayah mereka sendiri. Maka Raji adalah Indra, ayah pemimpin para dewa. Dengan demikian Raji adalah penguasa dunia. Mendengar pernyataan itu, Raji memahami bahwa Indra sulit melepas gelarnya. Akhirnya Raji diam saja dan membiarkan Indra tetap berkuasa.\n\nSetelah kematian Raji, para putra Raji menuntut agar Indra menyerahkan gelarnya, sesuai dengan janji para dewa kepada ayah mereka. Namun Indra menolaknya sehingga terjadilah perang antara putra-putra Raji melawan para dewa. Perang tersebut dimenangkan oleh putra Raji sehingga Indra digulingkan dari kekuasaannya. Gelar Indra dipegang oleh putra Raji. Indra mengadukan hal tersebut kepada [[Wrehaspati]], guru para dewa. Akhirnya Wrehaspati melakukan sebuah [[yadnya]] (ritual) yang membuat Indra semakin sakti. Ia juga mengajari putra Raji hal-hal yang melenceng dari ajaran kitab suci ''[[Weda]]''. Setelah putra Raji melenceng dari jalan kebenaran, dengan mudah Indra mengalahkannya sehingga gelar Indra dapat direbut kembali.\n\n== Referensi ==\n* ''[[Wisnupurana]]''\n\n== Pranala luar ==\n* {{en}} [http://www.gloriousindia.com/scriptures/puranas/vishnu_purana/description_of_king_raji_and_his_sons.html Description of King Raji and his sons]\n\n[[Kategori:Tokoh dalam mitologi Hindu]]","hash":"18ab384719472fa005a2f39e3339da18b197e77293b0c18d1bd18f8edf6184b5","last_revision":"2020-10-18T15:32:23Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T13:11:57Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:17.714779","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"Raji adalah seorang tokoh dalam mitologi Hindu, putra ke-4 Raja Ayu, keturunan Pururawa, dari Dinasti Candra. Ia merupakan saudara Nahusa, Kesatrawerda, Ramba, dan Anena. Dalam kitab Wisnupurana disebutkan bahwa Raji memiliki 500 putra, semuanya pemberani.\n\nDalam kitab Wisnupurana diceritakan bahwa bertahun-tahun yang lampau para asura dan para dewa melakukan peperangan. Para dewa dan asura bertanya kepada Brahma–dewa kebijaksanaan–untuk mengetahui siapa yang akan memenangkan peperangan tersebut. Brahma menjawab bahwa kemenangan berada di pihak yang bersekutu dengan Raji. Maka dari itu, para dewa dan para asura langsung menemui Raji. Saat para asura memohon agar ia bersekutu dengan mereka, Raji mengajukan syarat bahwa ia bersedia bersekutu dengan para asura apabila setelah kemenangan diraih ia diangkat sebagai Indra – gelar pemimpin para dewa. Para asura menolaknya sebab mereka sudah mencalonkan Prahlada sebagai Indra yang baru. Dengan demikian, Raji tidak bersekutu dengan para asura.\n\nPara dewa menghadap Raji dan Raji mengajukan persyaratan yang sama. Para dewa bersedia memenuhi persyaratan tersebut sehingga Raji berpihak pada mereka. Dengan Raji sebagai sekutu mereka, para dewa berperang melawan para asura. Raji membunuh banyak asura sehingga kemenangan berada di pihak para dewa. Sesuai dengan perjanjian yang sah, Raji meminta agar ia diangkat menjadi Indra yang baru. Namun Indra yang masih berkuasa pada saat itu langsung bersujud di kaki Raji dan berkata bahwa Raji sudah melindungi mereka, seperti ayah mereka sendiri. Maka Raji adalah Indra, ayah pemimpin para dewa. Dengan demikian Raji adalah penguasa dunia. Mendengar pernyataan itu, Raji memahami bahwa Indra sulit melepas gelarnya. Akhirnya Raji diam saja dan membiarkan Indra tetap berkuasa.\n\nSetelah kematian Raji, para putra Raji menuntut agar Indra menyerahkan gelarnya, sesuai dengan janji para dewa kepada ayah mereka. Namun Indra menolaknya sehingga terjadilah perang antara putra-putra Raji melawan para dewa. Perang tersebut dimenangkan oleh putra Raji sehingga Indra digulingkan dari kekuasaannya. Gelar Indra dipegang oleh putra Raji. Indra mengadukan hal tersebut kepada Wrehaspati, guru para dewa. Akhirnya Wrehaspati melakukan sebuah yadnya (ritual) yang membuat Indra semakin sakti. Ia juga mengajari putra Raji hal-hal yang melenceng dari ajaran kitab suci Weda. Setelah putra Raji melenceng dari jalan kebenaran, dengan mudah Indra mengalahkannya sehingga gelar Indra dapat direbut kembali.\n\nWisnupurana\n\nDescription of King Raji and his sons\n\nKategori:Tokoh dalam mitologi Hindu\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Raji adalah seorang tokoh dalam mitologi Hindu, putra ke-4 Raja Ayu, keturunan Pururawa, dari Dinasti Candra.","translated_text":"Raji was a figure in Hindu mythology, the 4th son of King Ayu, a descendant of Pururawa, of the Candra Dynasty.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Ia merupakan saudara Nahusa, Kesatrawerda, Ramba, dan Anena.","translated_text":"He was the brother of Nahusha, Kesatrawerda, Ramba, and Anena.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Dalam kitab Wisnupurana disebutkan bahwa Raji memiliki 500 putra, semuanya pemberani.","translated_text":"In the book of Wisnupurana it is mentioned that Raji had 500 sons, all brave.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Mitologi","translated_text":"Mythology","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Dalam kitab Wisnupurana diceritakan bahwa bertahun-tahun yang lampau para asura dan para dewa melakukan peperangan.","translated_text":"The book of Wisnupurana tells us that centuries ago the Asuras and the gods fought wars.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Para dewa dan asura bertanya kepada Brahma–dewa kebijaksanaan–untuk mengetahui siapa yang akan memenangkan peperangan tersebut.","translated_text":"The gods and asuras asked Brahma, the god of wisdom, to know who would win the war.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Brahma menjawab bahwa kemenangan berada di pihak yang bersekutu dengan Raji.","translated_text":"Brahma replied that victory was on the side allied with Raji.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Maka dari itu, para dewa dan para asura langsung menemui Raji.","translated_text":"Therefore, the gods and the asuras immediately visited the king.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Saat para asura memohon agar ia bersekutu dengan mereka, Raji mengajukan syarat bahwa ia bersedia bersekutu dengan para asura apabila setelah kemenangan diraih ia diangkat sebagai Indra – gelar pemimpin para dewa.","translated_text":"When the asuras requested that he be allied with them, Raji proposed the condition that he be willing to be allied with the asuras if after the victory was achieved he was appointed as Indra ⁇ the title of leader of the gods.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Para asura menolaknya sebab mereka sudah mencalonkan Prahlada sebagai Indra yang baru.","translated_text":"The Asuras rejected him because they had nominated Prahlada as the new Indra.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Dengan demikian, Raji tidak bersekutu dengan para asura.","translated_text":"Thus, Raji is not allied with the Asuras.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Para dewa menghadap Raji dan Raji mengajukan persyaratan yang sama.","translated_text":"The gods faced the King and the King with the same demands.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Para dewa bersedia memenuhi persyaratan tersebut sehingga Raji berpihak pada mereka.","translated_text":"The gods were willing to meet those requirements so the King sided with them.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Dengan Raji sebagai sekutu mereka, para dewa berperang melawan para asura.","translated_text":"With Raji as their ally, the gods fought against the Asuras.","trailing_whitespace":" 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right.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Vladimir dari Novgorod","wikicode":"[[Berkas:Cathedral of St. Sophia, the Holy Wisdom of God in Novgorod, Russia.jpg|jmpl|Vladimir dimakamkan di [[katedral]] ini yang dia buat di [[Novgorod]].]]\n{{Infobox royalty\n| name =Vladimir dari Novgorod\n| title =Pangeran [[Novgorod]]\n| image =\n| caption =\n| reign = 1036-1052\n| coronation =\n| othertitles =\n| full name = Vladimir Yaroslavovich\n| predecessor = \n| successor =\n| spouse = Anna (Aleksandra)\n| issue =[[Rostislav Vladimirovich]], [[Yaropolk]]\n| house =[[Diansti Riurik]]\n| royal anthem =\n| father = [[Yaroslav sang Bijak]]\n| mother = Anna\n| date of birth =1020\n| place of birth =\n| date of death =4 Oktober 1052 [usia ~32]\n| place of death =[[Novgorod]]\n| date of burial =\n| place of burial =[[Katedral Santa Sofia di Novgorod|Katedral Santa Sofia]], [[Novgorod]]\n|}}\n\n'''Vladimir Yaroslavich''' ({{lang-ru|Владимир Ярославич}}) (1020 – 4 Oktober 1052) berkuasa sebagai pangeran [[Veliky Novgorod|Novgorod]] sejak 1036 sampai kematiannya. Dia adalah putra tertua dari [[Yaroslav I sang Bijak]] dari [[Kiev]] dan [[Ingegerd Olofsdotter|Ingigerd]], putri raja [[Olaf Skotkonung|Olaf Skötkonung]] dari [[Swedia]]. Secara tradisional, Ingegerd diasosiasikan dengan Anna dari Novgorod, yang dimakamkan di katedral di relung dekat Vladimir. Tetapi, arkeolog [[Soviet]] yang membuka [[sarkofagus]]nya menemukan sisa-sisa mayat perempuan berusia 30-an, mengingat bahwa Ingegard dikatakan hidup sampai usia lima puluh tahunan. Sehingga diduga bahwa ibu Vladimir, Anna, adalah istri pertama Yaroslav dan bukan wanita yang sama dengan Ingegerd.\n\n== Catatan kaki ==\n{{reflist}}\n\n== Bacaan lanjutan ==\n* Volkoff, Vladimir. ''Vladimir, the Russian Viking''. Overlook Press, 1985.\n\n[[Kategori:Kelahiran 1020]]\n[[Kategori:Kematian 1052]]\n[[Kategori:Republik Novgorod]]\n[[Kategori:Pangeran]]","hash":"b8fbd9236dd6ee035cc3423b73d4060982d291bc269044f06e78d8f980f8888e","last_revision":"2018-11-07T08:08:22Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T13:34:03Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:24.952726","cross_lingual_links":{"arz":"فلاديمير نوفجورود","be":"Уладзімір Яраславіч","de":"Wladimir von Nowgorod","el":"Βλαντίμιρ του Νόβγκοροντ","en":"Vladimir of Novgorod","es":"Vladímir de Nóvgorod","fi":"Vladimir Jaroslavitš","hu":"II. Vlagyimir novgorodi fejedelem","it":"Vladimir II di Novgorod","ja":"ウラジーミル・ヤロスラヴィチ (ノヴゴロド公)","la":"Vladimirus Iaroslai filius (dux Novogardiensis)","nds":"Wladimir vun Nowgorod","pl":"Włodzimierz Jarosławowicz (1020–1052)","ru":"Владимир Ярославич (князь новгородский)","sh":"Vladimir Jaroslavič","sk":"Vladimír Jaroslavič","sr":"Владимир Јарославич","uk":"Володимир Ярославич (князь новгородський)","zh":"弗拉基米尔·雅罗斯拉维奇 (诺夫哥罗德)"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:48.811355","text":"Vladimir Yaroslavich () (1020 – 4 Oktober 1052) berkuasa sebagai pangeran Novgorod sejak 1036 sampai kematiannya. Dia adalah putra tertua dari Yaroslav I sang Bijak dari Kiev dan Ingigerd, putri raja Olaf Skötkonung dari Swedia.\n\nVolkoff, Vladimir. Vladimir, the Russian Viking. Overlook Press, 1985.\n\nKategori:Kelahiran 1020 Kategori:Kematian 1052 Kategori:Republik Novgorod Kategori:Pangeran\n","elements":[{"type":"infobox","content":"{{Infobox royalty\n| name =Vladimir dari Novgorod\n| title =Pangeran [[Novgorod]]\n| image =\n| caption =\n| reign = 1036-1052\n| coronation =\n| othertitles =\n| full name = Vladimir Yaroslavovich\n| predecessor = \n| successor =\n| spouse = Anna (Aleksandra)\n| issue =[[Rostislav Vladimirovich]], [[Yaropolk]]\n| house =[[Diansti Riurik]]\n| royal anthem =\n| father = [[Yaroslav sang Bijak]]\n| mother = Anna\n| date of birth =1020\n| place of birth =\n| date of death =4 Oktober 1052 [usia ~32]\n| place of death =[[Novgorod]]\n| date of burial =\n| place of burial =[[Katedral Santa Sofia di Novgorod|Katedral Santa Sofia]], [[Novgorod]]\n|}}"},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Vladimir Yaroslavich () (1020 – 4 Oktober 1052) berkuasa sebagai pangeran Novgorod sejak 1036 sampai kematiannya.","translated_text":"Vladimir Yaroslavich (1020 ⁇ 4 October 1052) reigned as prince of Novgorod from 1036 until his death.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Dia adalah putra tertua dari Yaroslav I sang Bijak dari Kiev dan Ingigerd, putri raja Olaf Skötkonung dari Swedia.","translated_text":"He was the eldest son of Yaroslav I the Wise of Kiev and Ingigerd, daughter of King Olaf Skötkonung of Sweden.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[{"content":" Secara tradisional, Ingegerd diasosiasikan dengan Anna dari Novgorod, yang dimakamkan di katedral di relung dekat Vladimir. Tetapi, arkeolog [[Soviet]] yang membuka [[sarkofagus]]nya menemukan sisa-sisa mayat perempuan berusia 30-an, mengingat bahwa Ingegard dikatakan hidup sampai usia lima puluh tahunan. Sehingga diduga bahwa ibu Vladimir, Anna, adalah istri pertama Yaroslav dan bukan wanita yang sama dengan Ingegerd.","char_index":114,"name":null,"url":null,"source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":null,"source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Catatan kaki","translated_text":"Footnotes","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"heading","text":"Bacaan lanjutan","translated_text":"Further reading","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Volkoff, Vladimir.","translated_text":"Volkoff, this is Vladimir.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Vladimir, the Russian Viking.","translated_text":"Vladimir, the Russian Viking.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Overlook Press, 1985.","translated_text":"This is Overlook Press, 1985.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kategori","translated_text":"Categories","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":":Kelahiran 1020 Kategori:Kematian 1052 Kategori:Republik Novgorod Kategori:Pangeran","translated_text":"Born 1020 Categories: Deaths 1052 Categories: Republic of Novgorod Categories: Prince","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[{"text":"Vladimir Yaroslavich () (1020 – 4 Oktober 1052) berkuasa sebagai pangeran Novgorod sejak 1036 sampai kematiannya. Dia adalah putra tertua dari Yaroslav I sang Bijak dari Kiev dan Ingigerd, putri raja Olaf Skötkonung dari Swedia.","translated_text":"Vladimir Yaroslavich (1020 ⁇ 4 October 1052) reigned as prince of Novgorod from 1036 until his death. He was the eldest son of Yaroslav I the Wise of Kiev and Ingigerd, daughter of King Olaf Skötkonung of Sweden.","citations":[{"content":" Secara tradisional, Ingegerd diasosiasikan dengan Anna dari Novgorod, yang dimakamkan di katedral di relung dekat Vladimir. Tetapi, arkeolog [[Soviet]] yang membuka [[sarkofagus]]nya menemukan sisa-sisa mayat perempuan berusia 30-an, mengingat bahwa Ingegard dikatakan hidup sampai usia lima puluh tahunan. Sehingga diduga bahwa ibu Vladimir, Anna, adalah istri pertama Yaroslav dan bukan wanita yang sama dengan Ingegerd.","char_index":228,"name":null,"url":null,"source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":null,"source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]}]} +{"title":"Tsg 1899 hoffenheim","wikicode":"#ALIH [[TSG 1899 Hoffenheim]]{{A kapital}}","hash":"09c5de24a2ea13a88c5188037260d7a7fe3ed48eabc11583a25c4d913ed6e2ea","last_revision":"2010-07-13T13:34:08Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T13:34:08Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:25.011401","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH TSG 1899 Hoffenheim\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH TSG 1899 Hoffenheim","translated_text":"It's the first time I've seen it.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Tsmc","wikicode":"#ALIH [[TSMC]]{{A kapital}}","hash":"f90d72b8235fa48c5c0c448500f6110f5b26a3eae0786341712a62dc860658b1","last_revision":"2010-07-13T13:34:18Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T13:34:18Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:25.074219","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH TSMC\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH TSMC","translated_text":"I'm going to tell you.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Tsv 1860 münchen","wikicode":"#ALIH [[TSV 1860 München]]{{A kapital}}","hash":"896809778c869ddf29d8b519169c0f626154a41dcc858a9101d839b99fe9a252","last_revision":"2010-07-13T13:34:29Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T13:34:29Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:25.135737","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH TSV 1860 München\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH TSV 1860 München","translated_text":"In the 1860s, Munich","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Tts","wikicode":"#ALIH [[Teka-teki silang]]{{A kapital}}","hash":"51fa6e0d48d94d2b9cc0261cdd837540eaa56dbb46b59c4f8d7ee41644f9ccb1","last_revision":"2021-01-01T09:02:29Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T13:34:38Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:25.189884","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH Teka-teki silang\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH Teka-teki silang","translated_text":"SELF the crossword puzzle","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Tu-16 badger","wikicode":"#ALIH [[Tu-16 Badger]]{{A kapital}}","hash":"3c5462d7024eca08b93246ec49b867af68fffab123d2f467104e0b6463d900dd","last_revision":"2010-07-13T13:34:48Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T13:34:48Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:25.245890","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH Tu-16 Badger\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH Tu-16","translated_text":"It's the 16th.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Badger","translated_text":"The badger","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"TV3 (disambiguasi)","wikicode":"{{penghubung}}\n* [[TV3]] jaringan televisi Malaysia.\n* [[TV3 Tangerang]] stasiun televisi lokal di [[Tangerang]].\n* [[TV3 (Polandia)]] saluran televisi Polandia.\n* [[Three (Selandia Baru)]] (sebelumnya TV3).\n== Lihat juga ==\n* {{Lookfrom|TV3}}\n\n\n* {{Lookfrom|Tv3}}\n\n* {{in title|TV3}}\n\n* {{in title|Tv3}}\n{{Disambig}}","hash":"b9b6a476e6b438d8a5135fe0f36ee11d2d2fd968dacc5317b85e443dd7c46a86","last_revision":"2023-12-19T13:44:45Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T13:35:00Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:25.302143","cross_lingual_links":{"bug":"TV3","de":"TV3","es":"TV3","et":"TV3 (täpsustus)","fr":"TV3","hu":"TV3 (egyértelműsítő lap)","it":"TV3","ja":"TV3","ko":"TV3","nl":"TV3","nn":"TV3","nb":"TV3 (andre betydninger)","sv":"TV 3 (olika betydelser)","zh":"TV3"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:48.811355","text":"TV3 jaringan televisi Malaysia. TV3 Tangerang stasiun televisi lokal di Tangerang. TV3 (Polandia) saluran televisi Polandia. Three (Selandia Baru) (sebelumnya TV3).\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"TV3 jaringan televisi Malaysia.","translated_text":"TV3 is a Malaysian television network.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"TV3 Tangerang stasiun televisi lokal di Tangerang.","translated_text":"TV3 Tangerang is a local television station in Tangerang.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"TV3 (Polandia) saluran televisi Polandia.","translated_text":"TV3 (Poland) is a Polish television channel.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Three (Selandia Baru) (sebelumnya TV3).","translated_text":"Three (New Zealand) (formerly TV3)","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Lihat juga","translated_text":"See also","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Tv5monde","wikicode":"#ALIH 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[http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122630309/abstract An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III] {{Webarchive|url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20170525104318/http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x/abstract |date=2017-05-25 }}. ''Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society'' '''161'''(2): 105-121.{{Cite web|url=http://www.linnean.org/index.php?id=448|title=As easy as APG III - Scientists revise the system of classifying flowering plants|publisher=The Linnean Society of London|date=2009-10-08|accessdate=2009-10-29}}{{Cite web|url=http://www.hortweek.com/channel/OrnamentalsProduction/rss/article/943975/APG-III-tidies-plant-family-tree/|title=APG III tidies up plant family tree|publisher=[[Horticulture Week]]|date=2009-10-08|accessdate=2009-10-29}} Pada bulan yang sama, para anggota [[Masyarakat Linnaeus]] (''Linnean Society''), organisasi internasional para pakar taksonomi, mengajukan klasifikasi [[filogeni|filogenetik]] formal bagi semua [[Embryophyta]] (tumbuhan darat) untuk mendampingi sistem klasifikasi APG III.{{Cite web | url = http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/bsc/boj/2009/00000161/00000002/art00002;jsessionid=1qp2u7tv2683.alexandra | title = A phylogenetic classification of the land plants to accompany APG III | publisher = Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society | author = Chase, Mark W. and Reveal, James L. | volume = 161 | issue = 2 | date = October 2009 | pages = 122–127 | doi = 10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.01002.x | access-date = 2010-07-13 | archive-date = 2011-06-07 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110607134338/http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/bsc/boj/2009/00000161/00000002/art00002;jsessionid=1qp2u7tv2683.alexandra | dead-url = yes }} Pengajuan ini dianggap mendesak karena para ahli [[botani]] dan [[fikologi]] (ilmu tentang [[alga]]) masih berdebat tentang posisi taksonomi sejumlah [[klad]] tumbuhan.\n\n== Pemerian ==\nSistem APG III menerima seluruh [[ordo]] yang dipaparkan pada sistem sebelumnya (sistem APG II) dan menambah 14 ordo baru. Ke-14 ordo baru yang diakui adalah\n:[[Amborellales]], [[Nymphaeales]], [[Chloranthales]], [[Petrosaviales]], [[Trochodendrales]], [[Buxales]], [[Vitales]], [[Zygophyllales]], [[Picramniales]], [[Huerteales]], [[Berberidopsidales]], [[Escalloniales]], [[Bruniales]], dan [[Paracryphiales]].\n\nDalam sistem ini dihapuskan \"suku dalam tanda kurung\" ([[familia|suku]]/familia yang disebutkan dalam tanda kurung sebagai suku alternatif) karena tidak populer penggunaannya. Sistem APG III mengakui 415 suku, berkurang 42 dari sistem sebelumnya. Empat puluh empat dari 55 \"suku dalam tanda kurung\" dihapuskan. Lebih jauh lagi, 18 suku juga tidak dipakai lagi.\n\nBerikut adalah suku-suku \"dalam tanda kurung\" yang tidak dipakai lagi:\n:[[Illiciaceae]], [[Alliaceae]], [[Agapanthaceae]], [[Agavaceae]], [[Aphyllanthaceae]], [[Hesperocallidaceae]], [[Hyacinthaceae]], [[Laxmanniaceae]], [[Ruscaceae]], [[Themidaceae]], [[Asphodelaceae]], [[Hemerocallidaceae]], [[Kingdoniaceae]], [[Fumariaceae]], [[Pteridophyllaceae]], [[Didymelaceae]], [[Tetracentraceae]], [[Pterostemonaceae]], [[Hypseocharitaceae]], [[Francoaceae]], [[Memecylaceae]], [[Lepuropetalaceae]], [[Rhoipteleaceae]], [[Medusagynaceae]], [[Quiinaceae]], [[Malesherbiaceae]], [[Turneraceae]], [[Bretschneideraceae]], [[Diegodendraceae]], [[Cochlospermaceae]], [[Peganaceae]], [[Tetradiclidaceae]], [[Nyssaceae]], [[Ternstroemiaceae]], [[Pellicieraceae]], [[Aucubaceae]], [[Donatiaceae]], [[Lobeliaceae]], [[Desfontainiaceae]], [[Diervillaceae]], [[Dipsacaceae]], [[Linnaeaceae]], [[Morinaceae]], dan [[Valerianaceae]].\n\nSuku-suku yang tidak dilanjutkan lagi penggunaannya:\n:[[Limnocharitaceae]], [[Luzuriagaceae]], [[Sparganiaceae]], [[Ledocarpaceae]], [[Heteropyxidaceae]], [[Psiloxylaceae]], [[Oliniaceae]], [[Rhynchocalycaceae]], [[Parnassiaceae]], [[Maesaceae]], [[Myrsinaceae]], [[Theophrastaceae]], [[Eremosynaceae]], [[Polyosmaceae]], [[Tribelaceae]], [[Aralidiaceae]], [[Mackinlayaceae]], dan [[Melanophyllaceae]].\n\nTerdapat 20 suku baru, yang sebelumnya tidak ada dalam sistem sebelumnya, yang ditambahkan ke dalam sistem APG III; beberapa suku dipindahkan ke takson lain. Berikut adalah suku-suku yang ditambahkan:\n:[[Petermanniaceae]], [[Schoepfiaceae]], [[Limeaceae]], [[Lophiocarpaceae]], [[Montiaceae]], [[Talinaceae]], [[Anacampserotaceae]], [[Centroplacaceae]], [[Calophyllaceae]], [[Guamatelaceae]], [[Gerrardinaceae]], [[Dipentodontaceae]], [[Capparidaceae]], [[Cleomaceae]], [[Cytinaceae]], [[Mitrastemonaceae]], [[Metteniusaceae]], [[Linderniaceae]], [[Thomandersiaceae]], dan [[Quintiniaceae]].\n\nDengan berbagai modifikasi yang dilakukan, tinggal 10 (dari sebelumnya 39) suku yang belum ditempatkan dalam suatu ordo tertentu (''[[incertae sedis]]''). [[Apodanthaceae]] dan [[Cynomoriaceae]] ditempatkan di bawah [[tumbuhan berbunga]]. Delapan suku sisanya ditempatkan ke dalam suatu kelompok tanpa dijelaskan termasuk ke dalam ordo apa. Mereka adalah [[Dasypogonaceae]], [[Sabiaceae]], [[Dilleniaceae]], [[Icacinaceae]], [[Metteniusaceae]], [[Oncothecaceae]], [[Vahliaceae]], dan [[Boraginaceae]].\n \nCakupan (''[[circumscriptum]]'') suku [[Icacinaceae]] tetap masih meragukan. Beberapa genus masih dipertahankan sementara di dalamnya, hingga kajian lebih lanjut dapat memutuskan posisi mereka yang terbaik.\n\nTiga genus: ''[[Gumillea]]'', ''[[Nicobariodendron]]'', dan ''[[Petenaea]]'' tidak ditempatkan di bawah satu kelompok apa pun (''incertae sedis''). ''Gumillea'' sudah diposisikan demikian sejak sistem APG II. ''Nicobariodendron'' dan ''Petenaea'' ditambahkan ke dalam sistem ini.\n\n\n== Referensi ==\n\n{{reflist}}\n\n== Pranala luar ==\n* ''[http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122630309/abstract An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III] {{Webarchive|url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20170525104318/http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x/abstract |date=2017-05-25 }}''\n\n[[Kategori:Taksonomi tumbuhan]]","hash":"d9a045da78dc6624ba34482a575e4346342ed68a74b2ac8a345953d812beb99b","last_revision":"2022-01-03T15:13:51Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T13:47:28Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:28.957298","cross_lingual_links":{"ar":"نظام المجموعة الثالثة لعلم تطور سلالات كاسيات البذور","ast":"Sistema de clasificación APG III","be":"Сістэма APG III","bs":"Sistem APG III","ca":"Sistema de classificació APG III","cs":"Systém APG III","da":"APG III-systemet","en":"APG III system","eo":"Sistematiko laŭ APG III","es":"Sistema de clasificación APG III","et":"APG III süsteem","eu":"APG III sistema","fi":"APG III -luokittelu","fr":"Classification APG III","gl":"Sistema APG III","hi":"एपीजी-३ प्रणाली","hsb":"Systematika krytosymjenjakow po APG III","hu":"APG III-rendszer","it":"Classificazione APG III","ja":"APG III","kab":"Asismel n APG III","ko":"APG III 분류 체계","mk":"APG III","nl":"APG III-systeem","nn":"APG III-systemet","nb":"APG III-systemet","oc":"Classificacion APG III","pl":"System APG III","pt":"Sistema APG III","ro":"Sistemul APG III","ru":"Система APG III","tr":"APG III sistemi","uk":"Система APG III","vi":"Hệ thống APG III","zh":"被子植物APG III分类法"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:48.932182","text":"Sistem klasifikasi APG III merupakan sistem klasifikasi untuk tumbuhan berbunga yang dirilis pada bulan Oktober 2009 oleh Kelompok Filogeni Tumbuhan Berbunga (Angiosperm Phylogeny Group, APG) dalam berkala Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society enam tahun setelah pendahulunya, sistem klasifikasi APG II, terbit. Pada bulan yang sama, para anggota Masyarakat Linnaeus (Linnean Society), organisasi internasional para pakar taksonomi, mengajukan klasifikasi filogenetik formal bagi semua Embryophyta (tumbuhan darat) untuk mendampingi sistem klasifikasi APG III. Pengajuan ini dianggap mendesak karena para ahli botani dan fikologi (ilmu tentang alga) masih berdebat tentang posisi taksonomi sejumlah klad tumbuhan.\n\nSistem APG III menerima seluruh ordo yang dipaparkan pada sistem sebelumnya (sistem APG II) dan menambah 14 ordo baru. Ke-14 ordo baru yang diakui adalah Amborellales, Nymphaeales, Chloranthales, Petrosaviales, Trochodendrales, Buxales, Vitales, Zygophyllales, Picramniales, Huerteales, Berberidopsidales, Escalloniales, Bruniales, dan Paracryphiales.\n\nDalam sistem ini dihapuskan \"suku dalam tanda kurung\" (suku/familia yang disebutkan dalam tanda kurung sebagai suku alternatif) karena tidak populer penggunaannya. Sistem APG III mengakui 415 suku, berkurang 42 dari sistem sebelumnya. Empat puluh empat dari 55 \"suku dalam tanda kurung\" dihapuskan. Lebih jauh lagi, 18 suku juga tidak dipakai lagi.\n\nBerikut adalah suku-suku \"dalam tanda kurung\" yang tidak dipakai lagi: Illiciaceae, Alliaceae, Agapanthaceae, Agavaceae, Aphyllanthaceae, Hesperocallidaceae, Hyacinthaceae, Laxmanniaceae, Ruscaceae, Themidaceae, Asphodelaceae, Hemerocallidaceae, Kingdoniaceae, Fumariaceae, Pteridophyllaceae, Didymelaceae, Tetracentraceae, Pterostemonaceae, Hypseocharitaceae, Francoaceae, Memecylaceae, Lepuropetalaceae, Rhoipteleaceae, Medusagynaceae, Quiinaceae, Malesherbiaceae, Turneraceae, Bretschneideraceae, Diegodendraceae, Cochlospermaceae, Peganaceae, Tetradiclidaceae, Nyssaceae, Ternstroemiaceae, Pellicieraceae, Aucubaceae, Donatiaceae, Lobeliaceae, Desfontainiaceae, Diervillaceae, Dipsacaceae, Linnaeaceae, Morinaceae, dan Valerianaceae.\n\nSuku-suku yang tidak dilanjutkan lagi penggunaannya: Limnocharitaceae, Luzuriagaceae, Sparganiaceae, Ledocarpaceae, Heteropyxidaceae, Psiloxylaceae, Oliniaceae, Rhynchocalycaceae, Parnassiaceae, Maesaceae, Myrsinaceae, Theophrastaceae, Eremosynaceae, Polyosmaceae, Tribelaceae, Aralidiaceae, Mackinlayaceae, dan Melanophyllaceae.\n\nTerdapat 20 suku baru, yang sebelumnya tidak ada dalam sistem sebelumnya, yang ditambahkan ke dalam sistem APG III; beberapa suku dipindahkan ke takson lain. Berikut adalah suku-suku yang ditambahkan: Petermanniaceae, Schoepfiaceae, Limeaceae, Lophiocarpaceae, Montiaceae, Talinaceae, Anacampserotaceae, Centroplacaceae, Calophyllaceae, Guamatelaceae, Gerrardinaceae, Dipentodontaceae, Capparidaceae, Cleomaceae, Cytinaceae, Mitrastemonaceae, Metteniusaceae, Linderniaceae, Thomandersiaceae, dan Quintiniaceae.\n\nDengan berbagai modifikasi yang dilakukan, tinggal 10 (dari sebelumnya 39) suku yang belum ditempatkan dalam suatu ordo tertentu (incertae sedis). Apodanthaceae dan Cynomoriaceae ditempatkan di bawah tumbuhan berbunga. Delapan suku sisanya ditempatkan ke dalam suatu kelompok tanpa dijelaskan termasuk ke dalam ordo apa. Mereka adalah Dasypogonaceae, Sabiaceae, Dilleniaceae, Icacinaceae, Metteniusaceae, Oncothecaceae, Vahliaceae, dan Boraginaceae.\n\nCakupan (circumscriptum) suku Icacinaceae tetap masih meragukan. Beberapa genus masih dipertahankan sementara di dalamnya, hingga kajian lebih lanjut dapat memutuskan posisi mereka yang terbaik.\n\nTiga genus: Gumillea, Nicobariodendron, dan Petenaea tidak ditempatkan di bawah satu kelompok apa pun (incertae sedis). Gumillea sudah diposisikan demikian sejak sistem APG II. Nicobariodendron dan Petenaea ditambahkan ke dalam sistem ini.\n\nAn update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III\n\nKategori:Taksonomi tumbuhan\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Sistem klasifikasi APG III merupakan sistem klasifikasi untuk tumbuhan berbunga yang dirilis pada bulan Oktober 2009 oleh Kelompok Filogeni Tumbuhan Berbunga (Angiosperm Phylogeny Group, APG) dalam berkala Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society enam tahun setelah pendahulunya, sistem klasifikasi APG II, terbit.","translated_text":"The APG III classification system is a classification system for flowering plants released in October 2009 by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG) in the periodical Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society six years after its predecessor, the APG II classification system, was published.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2009). [http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122630309/abstract An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III] {{Webarchive|url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20170525104318/http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x/abstract |date=2017-05-25 }}. ''Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society'' '''161'''(2): 105-121.","char_index":314,"name":"apgiii","url":"http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122630309/abstract","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html; charset=iso-8859-1","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":199,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:27:30.076338-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":"Text is too short (9 words)","source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2009). [http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122630309/abstract An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III] {{Webarchive|url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20170525104318/http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x/abstract |date=2017-05-25 }}. ''Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society'' '''161'''(2): 105-121.","char_index":314,"name":"apgiii","url":"http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122630309/abstract","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html; charset=iso-8859-1","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":199,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:27:30.076338-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":"Text is too short (9 words)","source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{Cite web|url=http://www.linnean.org/index.php?id=448|title=As easy as APG III - Scientists revise the system of classifying flowering plants|publisher=The Linnean Society of London|date=2009-10-08|accessdate=2009-10-29}}","char_index":314,"name":null,"url":"http://www.linnean.org/index.php?id=448","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html; charset=UTF-8","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":67005,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:27:30.341670-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":5,"source_quality_raw_score":0.90966796875},{"content":"{{Cite web|url=http://www.hortweek.com/channel/OrnamentalsProduction/rss/article/943975/APG-III-tidies-plant-family-tree/|title=APG III tidies up plant family tree|publisher=[[Horticulture Week]]|date=2009-10-08|accessdate=2009-10-29}}","char_index":314,"name":null,"url":"http://www.hortweek.com/channel/OrnamentalsProduction/rss/article/943975/APG-III-tidies-plant-family-tree/","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html; charset=utf-8","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":33162,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:27:31.810222-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":"Text is too short (23 words)","source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pada bulan yang sama, para anggota Masyarakat Linnaeus (Linnean Society), organisasi internasional para pakar taksonomi, mengajukan klasifikasi filogenetik formal bagi semua Embryophyta (tumbuhan darat) untuk mendampingi sistem klasifikasi APG III.","translated_text":"In the same month, members of the Linnean Society, an international organization of taxonomists, proposed a formal phylogenetic classification for all Embryophyta (land plants) to accompany the APG III classification system.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{Cite web | url = http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/bsc/boj/2009/00000161/00000002/art00002;jsessionid=1qp2u7tv2683.alexandra | title = A phylogenetic classification of the land plants to accompany APG III | publisher = Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society | author = Chase, Mark W. and Reveal, James L. | volume = 161 | issue = 2 | date = October 2009 | pages = 122–127 | doi = 10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.01002.x | access-date = 2010-07-13 | archive-date = 2011-06-07 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110607134338/http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/bsc/boj/2009/00000161/00000002/art00002;jsessionid=1qp2u7tv2683.alexandra | dead-url = yes }}","char_index":248,"name":null,"url":"http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/bsc/boj/2009/00000161/00000002/art00002;jsessionid=1qp2u7tv2683.alexandra","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html;charset=UTF-8","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":25904,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:27:33.091543-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":"Text is too short (95 words)","source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{Cite web | url = http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/bsc/boj/2009/00000161/00000002/art00002;jsessionid=1qp2u7tv2683.alexandra | title = A phylogenetic classification of the land plants to accompany APG III | publisher = Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society | author = Chase, Mark W. and Reveal, James L. | volume = 161 | issue = 2 | date = October 2009 | pages = 122–127 | doi = 10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.01002.x | access-date = 2010-07-13 | archive-date = 2011-06-07 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110607134338/http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/bsc/boj/2009/00000161/00000002/art00002;jsessionid=1qp2u7tv2683.alexandra | dead-url = yes }}","char_index":248,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20110607134338/http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/bsc/boj/2009/00000161/00000002/art00002;jsessionid=1qp2u7tv2683.alexandra","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:27:34.193783-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pengajuan ini dianggap mendesak karena para ahli botani dan fikologi (ilmu tentang alga) masih berdebat tentang posisi taksonomi sejumlah klad tumbuhan.","translated_text":"This introduction is considered urgent because botanists and mycologists (the science of algae) are still debating the taxonomic position of a number of plant clades.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Pemerian","translated_text":"Giving","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Sistem APG III menerima seluruh ordo yang dipaparkan pada sistem sebelumnya (sistem APG II) dan menambah 14 ordo baru. Ke-14 ordo baru yang diakui adalah Amborellales, Nymphaeales, Chloranthales, Petrosaviales, Trochodendrales, Buxales, Vitales, Zygophyllales, Picramniales, Huerteales, Berberidopsidales, Escalloniales, Bruniales, dan Paracryphiales.","translated_text":"The APG III system received all of the orders exhibited in the previous system (the APG II system) and added 14 new orders. The 14 new orders recognized are Amborellales, Nymphaeales, Chloranthales, Petrosaviales, Trochodendrales, Buxales, Vitales, Zygophyllales, Picramniales, Huerteales, Berberidopsidales, Escalloniales, Bruniales, and Paracryphiales.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Dalam sistem ini dihapuskan \"suku dalam tanda kurung\" (suku/familia yang disebutkan dalam tanda kurung sebagai suku alternatif) karena tidak populer penggunaannya.","translated_text":"In this system the \"tribe in parentheses\" (the tribe/family mentioned in parentheses as an alternative tribe) is eliminated because of its unpopular use.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Sistem APG III mengakui 415 suku, berkurang 42 dari sistem sebelumnya.","translated_text":"The APG III system recognizes 415 tribes, down 42 from the previous system.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Empat puluh empat dari 55 \"suku dalam tanda kurung\" dihapuskan.","translated_text":"Forty-four of the 55 \"tribes in the trenches\" were eliminated.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Lebih jauh lagi, 18 suku juga tidak dipakai lagi.","translated_text":"Furthermore, 18 tribes are no longer in use.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Berikut adalah suku-suku \"dalam tanda kurung\" yang tidak dipakai lagi: Illiciaceae, Alliaceae, Agapanthaceae, Agavaceae, Aphyllanthaceae, Hesperocallidaceae, Hyacinthaceae, Laxmanniaceae, Ruscaceae, Themidaceae, Asphodelaceae, Hemerocallidaceae, Kingdoniaceae, Fumariaceae, Pteridophyllaceae, Didymelaceae, Tetracentraceae, Pterostemonaceae, Hypseocharitaceae, Francoaceae, Memecylaceae, Lepuropetalaceae, Rhoipteleaceae, Medusagynaceae, Quiinaceae, Malesherbiaceae, Turneraceae, Bretschneideraceae, Diegodendraceae, Cochlospermaceae, Peganaceae, Tetradiclidaceae, Nyssaceae, Ternstroemiaceae, Pellicieraceae, Aucubaceae, Donatiaceae, Lobeliaceae, Desfontainiaceae, Diervillaceae, Dipsacaceae, Linnaeaceae, Morinaceae, dan Valerianaceae.","translated_text":"The following are the discontinued \"in parentheses\" tribes: Illiciaceae, Alliaceae, Agapanthaceae, Agavaceae, Aphyllanthaceae, Hesperocallidaceae, Hyacinthaceae, Laxmanniaceae, Ruscaceae, Themidaceae, Asphodelaceae, Hemerocallidaceae, Kingdoniaceae, Fumariaceae, Pteridophyllaceae, Didymelaceae, Tetracentraceae, Pterostemonaceae, Hypseocharitaceae, Memeaceae, Aphyllanthaceae, Lepuropetalaceae, Rhoipteleaceae, Medusagynaceae, Quiinaceae, Malesher Co, Turneraceae, Bretschideraceae, Dieendraceae, Tetchernsacer Mormaceae, Pegymelaceae, Nsacernaceae, Ternsacernaceae, Ternsacernaceae, Loeberaceae, Loeberaceae, Loeberaceae, Loeberaceae and Loeberaceae.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Suku-suku yang tidak dilanjutkan lagi penggunaannya: Limnocharitaceae, Luzuriagaceae, Sparganiaceae, Ledocarpaceae, Heteropyxidaceae, Psiloxylaceae, Oliniaceae, Rhynchocalycaceae, Parnassiaceae, Maesaceae, Myrsinaceae, Theophrastaceae, Eremosynaceae, Polyosmaceae, Tribelaceae, Aralidiaceae, Mackinlayaceae, dan Melanophyllaceae.","translated_text":"The following tribes are no longer in use: Limnocharitaceae, Luzuriagaceae, Sparganiaceae, Ledocarpaceae, Heteropyxidaceae, Psiloxylaceae, Oliniaceae, Rhynchocalycaceae, Parnassiaceae, Maesaceae, Myrsinaceae, Theophrastaceae, Eremosynaceae, Polyosmaceae, Tribelaceae, Aralidiaceae, Mackinlayaceae, and Melanophyllaceae.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Terdapat 20 suku baru, yang sebelumnya tidak ada dalam sistem sebelumnya, yang ditambahkan ke dalam sistem APG III; beberapa suku dipindahkan ke takson lain.","translated_text":"There are 20 new tribes, which previously did not exist in the previous system, that were added to the APG III system; some tribes were transferred to other taxa.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Berikut adalah suku-suku yang ditambahkan: Petermanniaceae, Schoepfiaceae, Limeaceae, Lophiocarpaceae, Montiaceae, Talinaceae, Anacampserotaceae, Centroplacaceae, Calophyllaceae, Guamatelaceae, Gerrardinaceae, Dipentodontaceae, Capparidaceae, Cleomaceae, Cytinaceae, Mitrastemonaceae, Metteniusaceae, Linderniaceae, Thomandersiaceae, dan Quintiniaceae.","translated_text":"The following tribes were added: Petermanniaceae, Schoepfiaceae, Limeaceae, Lophiocarpaceae, Montiaceae, Talinaceae, Anacampserotaceae, Centroplacaceae, Calophyllaceae, Guamatelaceae, Gerrardinaceae, Dipentodontaceae, Capparidaceae, Cleomaceae, Cytinaceae, Mitrastemonaceae, Metteniusaceae, Linderniaceae, Thomandersiaceae, and Quintiniaceae.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Dengan berbagai modifikasi yang dilakukan, tinggal 10 (dari sebelumnya 39) suku yang belum ditempatkan dalam suatu ordo tertentu (incertae sedis).","translated_text":"With various modifications made, there remained 10 (from the previous 39) tribes not yet placed in a particular order (incertae sedis).","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Apodanthaceae dan Cynomoriaceae ditempatkan di bawah tumbuhan berbunga.","translated_text":"Apodanthaceae and Cynomoriaceae are placed under flowering plants.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Delapan suku sisanya ditempatkan ke dalam suatu kelompok tanpa dijelaskan termasuk ke dalam ordo apa.","translated_text":"The remaining eight tribes were placed into an unspecified order.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Mereka adalah Dasypogonaceae, Sabiaceae, Dilleniaceae, Icacinaceae, Metteniusaceae, Oncothecaceae, Vahliaceae, dan Boraginaceae.","translated_text":"They are the Dasypogonaceae, Sabiaceae, Dilleniaceae, Icacinaceae, Metteniusaceae, Oncothecaceae, Vahliaceae, and Boraginaceae.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Cakupan (circumscriptum) suku Icacinaceae tetap masih meragukan.","translated_text":"The coverage (circumscriptum) of the Icacinaceae remains questionable.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Beberapa genus masih dipertahankan sementara di dalamnya, hingga kajian lebih lanjut dapat memutuskan posisi mereka yang terbaik.","translated_text":"Some genera are still preserved temporarily in them, until further study can determine their best 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[http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122630309/abstract An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III] {{Webarchive|url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20170525104318/http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x/abstract |date=2017-05-25 }}. ''Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society'' '''161'''(2): 105-121.","char_index":314,"name":"apgiii","url":"http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122630309/abstract","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html; charset=iso-8859-1","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":199,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:27:30.076338-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":"Text is too short (9 words)","source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2009). 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kapital}}","hash":"7d8f27f1e1a12dd50750dd0accd95b2c7161310819eaf0561e53e3905936f703","last_revision":"2010-07-13T14:05:26Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T14:05:26Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:33.652803","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH Taihō Kōki\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH Taihō Kōki","translated_text":"The story of Taihō Kōki","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Taiki matsuno","wikicode":"#ALIH [[Taiki Matsuno]]{{A kapital}}","hash":"3db0b23aa8bf4c0d59ce5fb7bdf49e768603471bb073b84d1474ab403f4648eb","last_revision":"2010-07-13T14:05:39Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T14:05:39Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:33.709947","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH Taiki Matsuno\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH Taiki Matsuno","translated_text":"It was Taiki Matsuno.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Tain-tsair hsu","wikicode":"#ALIH [[Tain-Tsair Hsu]]{{A kapital}}","hash":"6e912a26eb174741c1b1e157a21f8a391545f3e17f17a461f2f621cef6448e0a","last_revision":"2010-07-13T14:05:56Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T14:05:56Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:33.762103","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH Tain-Tsair Hsu\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH Tain-Tsair Hsu","translated_text":"What is the meaning of the Bible?","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Kota tainan","wikicode":"#ALIH [[Kota Tainan]]{{A kapital}}","hash":"2c6475a16040c6e520b9cf76d8cd754478e230f8f5716f9e4c5df0ad9f5ff3a6","last_revision":"2010-07-13T14:06:06Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T14:06:06Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:33.820745","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH Kota Tainan\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH Kota Tainan","translated_text":"THE City of Tainan","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Taipa, palu utara, palu","wikicode":"#ALIH [[Taipa, Palu Utara, Palu]]{{A kapital}}","hash":"fa669fa3504cdd9eb23c8e141c588f6e4c4e0e8dc6178a18f791b46c5c33af81","last_revision":"2010-07-13T14:06:22Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T14:06:22Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:33.877490","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH Taipa, Palu Utara, Palu\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH Taipa, Palu Utara, Palu","translated_text":"The Taipa, the North Hammer, the Hammer","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Taipa, pamona selatan, poso","wikicode":"#ALIH [[Taipa, Pamona Barat, Poso]]{{A kapital}}","hash":"fe97ab28644567a0c910ce2d2fada698d298d9c1fbbf15d724a1a32d9ba32c6c","last_revision":"2016-09-21T01:14:40Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T14:06:32Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:33.937997","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH Taipa, Pamona Barat, Poso\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH Taipa, Pamona Barat, Poso","translated_text":"ALIH Taipa, West Pamona, Poso","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Kota taipei","wikicode":"#ALIH [[Taipei]]{{A kapital}}","hash":"a3c0f28ab1b0329a115ff45084584c2874fad65cfde8e772f2acfb77d69c429d","last_revision":"2018-03-23T21:55:00Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T14:06:42Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:33.997979","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH Taipei\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH Taipei","translated_text":"The City of Taipei","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Kabupaten taipei","wikicode":"#ALIH [[Kota Taipei Baru]]{{A kapital}}","hash":"9512ec6e4872a2a1ea9648750f907d4c904851643e45f1d1c85a1172b3d462ba","last_revision":"2018-02-19T10:46:53Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T14:06:52Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:34.058765","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH Kota Taipei Baru\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH Kota Taipei Baru","translated_text":"The City of New Taipei","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Taiping (malaysia)","wikicode":"#ALIH [[Taiping (Malaysia)]]{{A kapital}}","hash":"9de7a8e2693d68ab41502302994c33f43a1a6f88c75bb90f466b4cb9f6204228","last_revision":"2010-07-13T14:07:02Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T14:07:02Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:34.112531","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH Taiping (Malaysia)\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH Taiping (Malaysia)","translated_text":"The Battle of Taiping (Malaysia)","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Taira no kiyomori","wikicode":"#ALIH [[Taira no Kiyomori]]{{A kapital}}","hash":"066d1de3738ce8ada256239fc3c04be47dfbfa5d2d4939d5a7cae7ee951712a1","last_revision":"2010-07-13T14:07:12Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T14:07:12Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:34.172389","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH Taira no Kiyomori\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH Taira no Kiyomori","translated_text":"Where is Taira no Kiyomori?","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Taishi ci","wikicode":"#ALIH [[Taishi Ci]]{{A kapital}}","hash":"d7a96c164b6508c0c5d92891fd1c830cb65a0324ca2084824f250be69595919e","last_revision":"2010-07-13T14:07:22Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T14:07:22Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:34.276612","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH Taishi Ci\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH Taishi Ci","translated_text":"It's all about Taishi Ci","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Zaman taishō","wikicode":"#ALIH [[Zaman Taishō]]{{A kapital}}","hash":"66250f129d8e5ec1044258d7080b195240c66aa7c84e570b88fbdbd1ce33ee81","last_revision":"2010-07-13T14:07:32Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T14:07:32Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:34.338894","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH Zaman Taishō\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH Zaman Taishō","translated_text":"THE time of Taishō","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Taiyou sentai sun vulcan","wikicode":"#ALIH [[Taiyou Sentai Sun Vulcan]]{{A kapital}}","hash":"3ee31da8e203b661e5f4090f7ed6fb71a1a3fd2468b12af9003db8cbd67f925b","last_revision":"2010-07-13T14:07:42Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T14:07:42Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:34.399579","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH Taiyou Sentai Sun Vulcan\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH Taiyou Sentai Sun Vulcan","translated_text":"The Sun Vulcan","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Taj mahal bangladesh","wikicode":"#ALIH [[Taj Mahal Bangladesh]]{{A kapital}}","hash":"529d045de38c63ff95907a3b78b112e38d8d4d8c4780e2501b8ca0da4ce9fc9f","last_revision":"2010-07-13T14:08:00Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T14:08:00Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:34.471845","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH Taj Mahal Bangladesh\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH Taj Mahal Bangladesh","translated_text":"WHAT is the Taj Mahal of Bangladesh","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Taji prasetio","wikicode":"#ALIH [[Taji Prasetio]]{{A kapital}}","hash":"4bb4e7042b909ebee5ac68c3fbb960894e465c89a9946368f31541b1bed9b108","last_revision":"2010-07-13T14:08:30Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T14:08:30Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:34.561096","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH Taji Prasetio\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH Taji Prasetio","translated_text":"When the Crown of Prasetio","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Tajinan, malang","wikicode":"#ALIH [[Tajinan, Malang]]{{A kapital}}","hash":"3f22b4d8a396e20b7079b2676a1fda81255026a617d3dfee612445ecd7dba2d1","last_revision":"2010-07-13T14:08:50Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T14:08:50Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:34.615854","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH Tajinan, Malang\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH Tajinan, Malang","translated_text":"It's good, it's bad.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Tajuddin ahmad","wikicode":"#ALIH [[Tajuddin Ahmad]]{{A kapital}}","hash":"003e05bf4a1c199cd46804cfef9886bd375c0e0b42502d4f6144b470a1570800","last_revision":"2010-07-13T14:08:57Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T14:08:57Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:34.671841","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH Tajuddin Ahmad\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH Tajuddin Ahmad","translated_text":"I'm not going to lie.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Tajuddin noor ganie","wikicode":"#ALIH [[Tajuddin Noor Ganie]]{{A kapital}}","hash":"964afe5866e14e1e87061c7bc8f97857a805f33f2164421d1deebf395681b93e","last_revision":"2010-07-13T14:09:07Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T14:09:07Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:34.727279","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH Tajuddin Noor Ganie\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH Tajuddin Noor Ganie","translated_text":"It's not just me, it's you.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Anjani","wikicode":"{{kegunaanlain|Anjani (disambiguasi)}}\n[[Berkas:Anjani Mata temple Choumu.JPG|ka|240px|jmpl|Patung Anjani menimang Hanoman, di kuil Anjani Mata, di [[Chomu]], [[Rajasthan]], [[India]].]]\nDalam [[wiracarita]] ''[[Ramayana]]'', '''Anjani''' atau '''Anjana''' {{Sanskerta|अञ्जना|Añjanā}} adalah istri raja kera bernama [[Ramona]], ibu bagi [[Hanoman]]. Konon ia adalah reinkarnasi [[bidadari]] bernama Punjikastala. Sebelum memiliki putra, ia melakukan tapa untuk mendapatkan keturunan. Atas saran dari [[Resi]] [[Matangga]]—seorang pemuja [[Wisnu]]—ia bertapa di Wenkatacala. Setelah bertapa selama ribuan tahun, Dewa [[Bayu]] menampakkan wujudnya dan berkata bahwa ia akan menjadi putra Anjani. Kekuatan rohani sang dewa pun merasuki janin Anjani sehingga lahirlah seorang putra. Putra tersebut diberi nama [[Hanoman]], yang sangat terkenal dalam wiracarita ''[[Ramayana]]''.\n\n== Versi pewayangan ==\n\nTokoh Anjani dalam ''[[Ramayana]]'' juga diadaptasi ke dalam lakon pewayangan, dan diberi gelar \"Dewi\". Menurut pewayangan, Dewi Anjani adalah anak sulung dari [[Gautama (resi)|Resi Gotama]] di Grastina dengan [[bidadari]] Dewi Indradi, [[bidadari]] keturunan dari [[Kamajaya|Bahara Asmara]].{{cite book|author=R. Rio Sudibyoprono|title=Ensiklopedi Wayang Purwa|page= 45|publisher=Balai Pustaka|location=Jakarta|year=1991|ISBN=9799240034}}{{cite web|author=piyoto|title=Dewi Anjani|url=http://www.pitoyo.com/duniawayang/galery/details.php?image_id=342|accessdate=16 Mei 2014}}{{cite web|title=Anjani|url=http://pdwi.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=172:anjani&catid=79:wayang-purwa&Itemid=192|accessdate=16 Mei 2014|archive-date=2016-03-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304192704/http://pdwi.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=172:anjani&catid=79:wayang-purwa&Itemid=192|dead-url=yes}} Ia mempunyai Cupu Manik Astagina, bila dibuka didalamnya dapat dilihat segala peristiwa yang terjadi di [[angkasa]] dan di [[bumi]] sampai tingkat ketujuh. Cupu tersebut adalah pemberian ibunya dan merupakan pemberian dari [[Batara Surya]] pada waktu perkawinan Dewi Indradi dengan Resi Gotama.\n\nPada suatu hari, ketika Dewi Anjani sedang bermain-main dengan cupunya, datanglah kedua adiknya. Mereka senang sekali terhadap cupu tersebut, lalu menghadap ayahnya untuk memintanya. Dewi Anjani mengatakan bahwa cupu tersebut adalah pemberian dari ibunya. Dewi Indradi tidak dapat menjawab dari mana asalnya; ia tetap diam. Hal ini menimbulkan kemarahan Resi Gotama, sehingga istrinya disabda menjadi “tugu” dan dilempar jatuh ditapal batas [[negara]] [[Alengka]].{{cite book|author=R. Rio Sudibyoprono|title=Ensiklopedi Wayang Purwa|page= 46|publisher=Balai Pustaka|location=Jakarta|year=1991|ISBN=9799240034}}\n\nKarena menjadi rebutan ketiga saudara, akhirnya Cupu Manik Astagina dibuang oleh Resi Gotama. Tutupnya jatuh di telaga Sumala, sedangkan induknya tenggelam di [[telaga Nirmala]]. Ketiga bersaudara itu mengejarnya diikuti oleh masing-masing pengasuhnya yaitu, [[Jambawan]] (pengasuh Subali), Menda (pengasuh Sugriwa), dan Endang Suwarsih (Pengasi Dewi Anjani). Subali, Sugriwa, dengan kedua pengasuhnya kemudian sampai di telaga Sumala dan langsung terjun kedalamnya. Dewi Anjani dan pengasuhnya yang datang belakangan hanya duduk di tepi telaga. Karena terik [[matahari]], Subali dan Sugriwa mencuci muka, kaki, dan tangannya, sehingga mengakibatkan bagian tubuh yang terkena air telaga itu berubah menjadi [[wanara]]. Ketika menyelam mencari cupu tersebut, mereka saling berjumpa tetapi tidak saling mengenal, sehingga terjadilah tuduh-menuduh yang akhirnya menjadi perkelahian. Kemudian mereka sadar dan keluar dari telaga, lalu menghadap ayahnya untuk memohon agar dapat dipulihkan kembali pada wujudnya yang semula. Namun ayahnya tiada kuasa untuk menolong.\n\nResi Gotama menyuruh mereka semua bertapa dan memohon kepada [[dewa-Dewi Hindu|dewa]] agar dapat dikembalikan seperti manusia. Dewi Anjani bertapa ''nyantoka'' (hidup sebagai ''cantoka''/[[katak]]), Subali bertapa ''ngalong'' (hidup sebagai [[kelelawar]] besar), dan Sugriwa bertapa ''ngidang'' (hidup sebagai [[kijang]]) di hutan Sunyapringga; semuanya disertai pengasuh masing-masing. Dewi Anjani yang bertapa ''nyantoka'' di telaga Madirda kedatangan [[Bayu|Hyang Pawana]] ([[Batara Bayu]]), kemudian terjadilah [[koitus|hubungan asmara]], sehingga Dewi Anjani berputra [[Hanoman|Maruti]] berwujud Wanara yang berbulu putih. Dewi Anjani akhirnya mendapat pengampunan dewa, kembali berparas cantik dan disemayamkan di istana para bidadari.{{cite book|author=R. Rio Sudibyoprono|title=Ensiklopedi Wayang Purwa|page= 46-47|publisher=Balai Pustaka|location=Jakarta|year=1991|ISBN=9799240034}}\n\n== Referensi ==\n{{reflist}}\n\n{{ramayana}}\n\n[[Kategori:Tokoh Ramayana]]","hash":"d0187c4b16805e7bb2d823b879bd27c66ccb77ece40d5f992a6856ea063e0570","last_revision":"2023-11-11T04:56:57Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T14:09:23Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:34.803947","cross_lingual_links":{"as":"অঞ্জনা (ৰামায়ণ)","bn":"অঞ্জনা (পৌরাণিক বানর)","de":"Anjana (Mythologie)","en":"Añjanā","fr":"Anjanâ","gu":"અંજની","hi":"अंजना","jv":"Anjani","km":"អញ្ជនា","kn":"ಅಂಜನಾ ದೇವಿ","ml":"അഞ്ജന","mr":"अंजनी","or":"ଅଞ୍ଜନା","pa":"ਅੰਜਣਾ","pl":"Ańdźana","ru":"Анджана","si":"අංජනා","su":"Anjani","ta":"அஞ்சனை","te":"అంజన","th":"อัญชนา"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:49.046839","text":"Dalam wiracarita Ramayana, Anjani atau Anjana adalah istri raja kera bernama Ramona, ibu bagi Hanoman. Konon ia adalah reinkarnasi bidadari bernama Punjikastala. Sebelum memiliki putra, ia melakukan tapa untuk mendapatkan keturunan. Atas saran dari Resi Matangga—seorang pemuja Wisnu—ia bertapa di Wenkatacala. Setelah bertapa selama ribuan tahun, Dewa Bayu menampakkan wujudnya dan berkata bahwa ia akan menjadi putra Anjani. Kekuatan rohani sang dewa pun merasuki janin Anjani sehingga lahirlah seorang putra. Putra tersebut diberi nama Hanoman, yang sangat terkenal dalam wiracarita Ramayana.\n\nTokoh Anjani dalam Ramayana juga diadaptasi ke dalam lakon pewayangan, dan diberi gelar \"Dewi\". Menurut pewayangan, Dewi Anjani adalah anak sulung dari Resi Gotama di Grastina dengan bidadari Dewi Indradi, bidadari keturunan dari Bahara Asmara. Ia mempunyai Cupu Manik Astagina, bila dibuka didalamnya dapat dilihat segala peristiwa yang terjadi di angkasa dan di bumi sampai tingkat ketujuh. Cupu tersebut adalah pemberian ibunya dan merupakan pemberian dari Batara Surya pada waktu perkawinan Dewi Indradi dengan Resi Gotama.\n\nPada suatu hari, ketika Dewi Anjani sedang bermain-main dengan cupunya, datanglah kedua adiknya. Mereka senang sekali terhadap cupu tersebut, lalu menghadap ayahnya untuk memintanya. Dewi Anjani mengatakan bahwa cupu tersebut adalah pemberian dari ibunya. Dewi Indradi tidak dapat menjawab dari mana asalnya; ia tetap diam. Hal ini menimbulkan kemarahan Resi Gotama, sehingga istrinya disabda menjadi \"tugu\" dan dilempar jatuh ditapal batas negara Alengka.\n\nKarena menjadi rebutan ketiga saudara, akhirnya Cupu Manik Astagina dibuang oleh Resi Gotama. Tutupnya jatuh di telaga Sumala, sedangkan induknya tenggelam di telaga Nirmala. Ketiga bersaudara itu mengejarnya diikuti oleh masing-masing pengasuhnya yaitu, Jambawan (pengasuh Subali), Menda (pengasuh Sugriwa), dan Endang Suwarsih (Pengasi Dewi Anjani). Subali, Sugriwa, dengan kedua pengasuhnya kemudian sampai di telaga Sumala dan langsung terjun kedalamnya. Dewi Anjani dan pengasuhnya yang datang belakangan hanya duduk di tepi telaga. Karena terik matahari, Subali dan Sugriwa mencuci muka, kaki, dan tangannya, sehingga mengakibatkan bagian tubuh yang terkena air telaga itu berubah menjadi wanara. Ketika menyelam mencari cupu tersebut, mereka saling berjumpa tetapi tidak saling mengenal, sehingga terjadilah tuduh-menuduh yang akhirnya menjadi perkelahian. Kemudian mereka sadar dan keluar dari telaga, lalu menghadap ayahnya untuk memohon agar dapat dipulihkan kembali pada wujudnya yang semula. Namun ayahnya tiada kuasa untuk menolong.\n\nResi Gotama menyuruh mereka semua bertapa dan memohon kepada dewa agar dapat dikembalikan seperti manusia. Dewi Anjani bertapa nyantoka (hidup sebagai cantoka/katak), Subali bertapa ngalong (hidup sebagai kelelawar besar), dan Sugriwa bertapa ngidang (hidup sebagai kijang) di hutan Sunyapringga; semuanya disertai pengasuh masing-masing. Dewi Anjani yang bertapa nyantoka di telaga Madirda kedatangan Hyang Pawana (Batara Bayu), kemudian terjadilah hubungan asmara, sehingga Dewi Anjani berputra Maruti berwujud Wanara yang berbulu putih. Dewi Anjani akhirnya mendapat pengampunan dewa, kembali berparas cantik dan disemayamkan di istana para bidadari.\n\nKategori:Tokoh Ramayana\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Dalam wiracarita Ramayana, Anjani atau Anjana adalah istri raja kera bernama Ramona, ibu bagi Hanoman.","translated_text":"In the epic Ramayana, Anjani or Anjana is the wife of a monkey king named Ramona, the mother of Hanoman.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Konon ia adalah reinkarnasi bidadari bernama Punjikastala.","translated_text":"He is said to be the reincarnation of an angel named Punjikastala.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Sebelum memiliki putra, ia melakukan tapa untuk mendapatkan keturunan.","translated_text":"Before having a son, she meditated to obtain offspring.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Atas saran dari Resi Matangga—seorang pemuja Wisnu—ia bertapa di Wenkatacala.","translated_text":"On the advice of Resi Matangga, a Visnu worshipper settled in Wenkatacala.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Setelah bertapa selama ribuan tahun, Dewa Bayu menampakkan wujudnya dan berkata bahwa ia akan menjadi putra Anjani.","translated_text":"After praying for thousands of years, Bayu revealed his form and said that he would be the son of Anjani.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Kekuatan rohani sang dewa pun merasuki janin Anjani sehingga lahirlah seorang putra.","translated_text":"The spirit power of the god also took hold of Anjani, and she gave birth to a son.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Putra tersebut diberi nama Hanoman, yang sangat terkenal dalam wiracarita Ramayana.","translated_text":"The son was named Hanoman, who is very famous in the epic Ramayana.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Versi pewayangan","translated_text":"The free version","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Tokoh Anjani dalam Ramayana juga diadaptasi ke dalam lakon pewayangan, dan diberi gelar \"Dewi\".","translated_text":"The character Anjani in the Ramayana was also adapted into a stage play, and was given the title \"Goddess\".","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Menurut pewayangan, Dewi Anjani adalah anak sulung dari Resi Gotama di Grastina dengan bidadari Dewi Indradi, bidadari keturunan dari Bahara Asmara.","translated_text":"According to legend, Goddess Anjani was the eldest child of Resi Gotama in Grastina with the goddess Indradi, a goddess descended from the Asmara Sea.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{cite book|author=R. Rio Sudibyoprono|title=Ensiklopedi Wayang Purwa|page= 45|publisher=Balai Pustaka|location=Jakarta|year=1991|ISBN=9799240034}}","char_index":148,"name":"purwa","url":null,"source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":null,"source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{cite web|author=piyoto|title=Dewi Anjani|url=http://www.pitoyo.com/duniawayang/galery/details.php?image_id=342|accessdate=16 Mei 2014}}","char_index":148,"name":"piyoto","url":"http://www.pitoyo.com/duniawayang/galery/details.php?image_id=342","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":26784,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:27:35.277727-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":"Text is too short (97 words)","source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{cite web|title=Anjani|url=http://pdwi.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=172:anjani&catid=79:wayang-purwa&Itemid=192|accessdate=16 Mei 2014|archive-date=2016-03-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304192704/http://pdwi.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=172:anjani&catid=79:wayang-purwa&Itemid=192|dead-url=yes}}","char_index":148,"name":"pdwi","url":"http://pdwi.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=172:anjani&catid=79:wayang-purwa&Itemid=192","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:27:36.033529-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{cite web|title=Anjani|url=http://pdwi.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=172:anjani&catid=79:wayang-purwa&Itemid=192|accessdate=16 Mei 2014|archive-date=2016-03-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304192704/http://pdwi.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=172:anjani&catid=79:wayang-purwa&Itemid=192|dead-url=yes}}","char_index":148,"name":"pdwi","url":"http://pdwi.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=172:anjani&catid=79:wayang-purwa&Itemid=192","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:27:36.033529-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Ia mempunyai Cupu Manik Astagina, bila dibuka didalamnya dapat dilihat segala peristiwa yang terjadi di angkasa dan di bumi sampai tingkat ketujuh.","translated_text":"It has the Astagina Butterfly, and when it is opened, it can see all the events in the heavens and the earth up to the seventh level.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Cupu tersebut adalah pemberian ibunya dan merupakan pemberian dari Batara Surya pada waktu perkawinan Dewi Indradi dengan Resi Gotama.","translated_text":"The fox was a gift from his mother and was a gift from the Sun Batara at the time of Goddess Indradi's marriage to Resi Gotama.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Pada suatu hari, ketika Dewi Anjani sedang bermain-main dengan cupunya, datanglah kedua adiknya.","translated_text":"One day, while Goddess Anjani was playing with her cup, her two sisters came.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Mereka senang sekali terhadap cupu tersebut, lalu menghadap ayahnya untuk memintanya.","translated_text":"They were delighted with the butterfly, and they went to their father to ask for it.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Dewi Anjani mengatakan bahwa cupu tersebut adalah pemberian dari ibunya.","translated_text":"The goddess Anjani said that the butterfly was a gift from her mother.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Dewi Indradi tidak dapat menjawab dari mana asalnya; ia tetap diam.","translated_text":"The goddess Indradi could not answer where she came from; she remained silent.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Hal ini menimbulkan kemarahan Resi Gotama, sehingga istrinya disabda menjadi \"tugu\" dan dilempar jatuh ditapal batas negara Alengka.","translated_text":"This infuriated Resi Gotama, so that his wife was said to be a \"tugu\" and was thrown into the Alengka state border.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[{"content":"{{cite book|author=R. Rio Sudibyoprono|title=Ensiklopedi Wayang Purwa|page= 46|publisher=Balai Pustaka|location=Jakarta|year=1991|ISBN=9799240034}}","char_index":132,"name":"purwa46","url":null,"source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":null,"source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Karena menjadi rebutan ketiga saudara, akhirnya Cupu Manik Astagina dibuang oleh Resi Gotama.","translated_text":"Because it was the brother's third fight, the Astagina Beetle was eventually abandoned by Resi Gotama.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Tutupnya jatuh di telaga Sumala, sedangkan induknya tenggelam di telaga Nirmala.","translated_text":"The cover fell in Sumala Lake, while the mother drowned in Nirmala Lake.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Ketiga bersaudara itu mengejarnya diikuti oleh masing-masing pengasuhnya yaitu, Jambawan (pengasuh Subali), Menda (pengasuh Sugriwa), dan Endang Suwarsih (Pengasi Dewi Anjani).","translated_text":"They followed him, followed by his guardians, Jambawan, Menda, and Endang Suwarsih.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Subali, Sugriwa, dengan kedua pengasuhnya kemudian sampai di telaga Sumala dan langsung terjun kedalamnya.","translated_text":"Subali, Sugriwa, with her two nurses then reached the lagoon Sumala and immediately plunged into it.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Dewi Anjani dan pengasuhnya yang datang belakangan hanya duduk di tepi telaga.","translated_text":"The goddess Anjani and her late nanny just sat by the lake.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Karena terik matahari, Subali dan Sugriwa mencuci muka, kaki, dan tangannya, sehingga mengakibatkan bagian tubuh yang terkena air telaga itu berubah menjadi wanara.","translated_text":"As the sun shines, Subali and Sugriwa wash their faces, feet, and hands, resulting in the body part being turned into a pool.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Ketika menyelam mencari cupu tersebut, mereka saling berjumpa tetapi tidak saling mengenal, sehingga terjadilah tuduh-menuduh yang akhirnya menjadi perkelahian.","translated_text":"When they dive in search of the butterflies, they meet each other but do not recognize each other, so there is an accusation that ends in a fight.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Kemudian mereka sadar dan keluar dari telaga, lalu menghadap ayahnya untuk memohon agar dapat dipulihkan kembali pada wujudnya yang semula.","translated_text":"Then they came out of the lake and went to their father, asking him to restore them to their original form.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Namun ayahnya tiada kuasa untuk menolong.","translated_text":"But his father had no power to help.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[{"content":"{{cite book|author=R. Rio Sudibyoprono|title=Ensiklopedi Wayang Purwa|page= 46|publisher=Balai Pustaka|location=Jakarta|year=1991|ISBN=9799240034}}","char_index":41,"name":"purwa46","url":null,"source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":null,"source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Resi Gotama menyuruh mereka semua bertapa dan memohon kepada dewa agar dapat dikembalikan seperti manusia.","translated_text":"Resi Gotama tells them all to repent and beg the gods to restore them as human beings.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Dewi Anjani bertapa nyantoka (hidup sebagai cantoka/katak), Subali bertapa ngalong (hidup sebagai kelelawar besar), dan Sugriwa bertapa ngidang (hidup sebagai kijang) di hutan Sunyapringga; semuanya disertai pengasuh masing-masing.","translated_text":"The goddess Anjani is called nyantoka (living as a cantoka), Subali is called lanong (living as a giant bat), and Sugriwa is called ngidang (living as a kijang) in the forest of Sunyapringga; all are accompanied by their own guardians.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Dewi Anjani yang bertapa nyantoka di telaga Madirda kedatangan Hyang Pawana (Batara Bayu), kemudian terjadilah hubungan asmara, sehingga Dewi Anjani berputra Maruti berwujud Wanara yang berbulu putih.","translated_text":"The goddess Anjani who gradually conquered the Madirda lake with the arrival of Hyang Pawana (Batara Bayu), then there was a romance, so that the goddess Anjani gave birth to Maruti in the form of a white-haired Wanara.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Dewi Anjani akhirnya mendapat pengampunan dewa, kembali berparas cantik dan disemayamkan di istana para bidadari.","translated_text":"Goddess Anjani finally received God's forgiveness, returned to her beauty and was buried in the palace of the angels.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[{"content":"{{cite book|author=R. Rio Sudibyoprono|title=Ensiklopedi Wayang Purwa|page= 46-47|publisher=Balai Pustaka|location=Jakarta|year=1991|ISBN=9799240034}}","char_index":113,"name":"purwa47","url":null,"source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":null,"source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Referensi","translated_text":"References","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kategori:Tokoh Ramayana","translated_text":"Categories: Characters of the Ramayana","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[{"text":"Tokoh Anjani dalam Ramayana juga diadaptasi ke dalam lakon pewayangan, dan diberi gelar \"Dewi\". Menurut pewayangan, Dewi Anjani adalah anak sulung dari Resi Gotama di Grastina dengan bidadari Dewi Indradi, bidadari keturunan dari Bahara Asmara.","translated_text":"The character Anjani in the Ramayana was also adapted into a stage play, and was given the title \"Goddess\". According to legend, Goddess Anjani was the eldest child of Resi Gotama in Grastina with the goddess Indradi, a goddess descended from the Asmara Sea.","citations":[{"content":"{{cite book|author=R. Rio Sudibyoprono|title=Ensiklopedi Wayang Purwa|page= 45|publisher=Balai Pustaka|location=Jakarta|year=1991|ISBN=9799240034}}","char_index":244,"name":"purwa","url":null,"source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":null,"source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{cite web|author=piyoto|title=Dewi Anjani|url=http://www.pitoyo.com/duniawayang/galery/details.php?image_id=342|accessdate=16 Mei 2014}}","char_index":244,"name":"piyoto","url":"http://www.pitoyo.com/duniawayang/galery/details.php?image_id=342","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":26784,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:27:35.277727-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":"Text is too short (97 words)","source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{cite web|title=Anjani|url=http://pdwi.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=172:anjani&catid=79:wayang-purwa&Itemid=192|accessdate=16 Mei 2014|archive-date=2016-03-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304192704/http://pdwi.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=172:anjani&catid=79:wayang-purwa&Itemid=192|dead-url=yes}}","char_index":244,"name":"pdwi","url":"http://pdwi.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=172:anjani&catid=79:wayang-purwa&Itemid=192","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:27:36.033529-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{cite web|title=Anjani|url=http://pdwi.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=172:anjani&catid=79:wayang-purwa&Itemid=192|accessdate=16 Mei 2014|archive-date=2016-03-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304192704/http://pdwi.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=172:anjani&catid=79:wayang-purwa&Itemid=192|dead-url=yes}}","char_index":244,"name":"pdwi","url":"http://pdwi.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=172:anjani&catid=79:wayang-purwa&Itemid=192","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:27:36.033529-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Dewi Anjani mengatakan bahwa cupu tersebut adalah pemberian dari ibunya. Dewi Indradi tidak dapat menjawab dari mana asalnya; ia tetap diam. Hal ini menimbulkan kemarahan Resi Gotama, sehingga istrinya disabda menjadi \"tugu\" dan dilempar jatuh ditapal batas negara Alengka.","translated_text":"The goddess Anjani said that the butterfly was a gift from her mother. The goddess Indradi could not answer where she came from; she remained silent. This infuriated Resi Gotama, so that his wife was said to be a \"tugu\" and was thrown into the Alengka state border.","citations":[{"content":"{{cite book|author=R. Rio Sudibyoprono|title=Ensiklopedi Wayang Purwa|page= 46|publisher=Balai Pustaka|location=Jakarta|year=1991|ISBN=9799240034}}","char_index":273,"name":"purwa46","url":null,"source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":null,"source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Ketika menyelam mencari cupu tersebut, mereka saling berjumpa tetapi tidak saling mengenal, sehingga terjadilah tuduh-menuduh yang akhirnya menjadi perkelahian. Kemudian mereka sadar dan keluar dari telaga, lalu menghadap ayahnya untuk memohon agar dapat dipulihkan kembali pada wujudnya yang semula. Namun ayahnya tiada kuasa untuk menolong.","translated_text":"When they dive in search of the butterflies, they meet each other but do not recognize each other, so there is an accusation that ends in a fight. Then they came out of the lake and went to their father, asking him to restore them to their original form. But his father had no power to help.","citations":[{"content":"{{cite book|author=R. Rio Sudibyoprono|title=Ensiklopedi Wayang Purwa|page= 46|publisher=Balai Pustaka|location=Jakarta|year=1991|ISBN=9799240034}}","char_index":342,"name":"purwa46","url":null,"source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":null,"source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Dewi Anjani bertapa nyantoka (hidup sebagai cantoka/katak), Subali bertapa ngalong (hidup sebagai kelelawar besar), dan Sugriwa bertapa ngidang (hidup sebagai kijang) di hutan Sunyapringga; semuanya disertai pengasuh masing-masing. Dewi Anjani yang bertapa nyantoka di telaga Madirda kedatangan Hyang Pawana (Batara Bayu), kemudian terjadilah hubungan asmara, sehingga Dewi Anjani berputra Maruti berwujud Wanara yang berbulu putih. Dewi Anjani akhirnya mendapat pengampunan dewa, kembali berparas cantik dan disemayamkan di istana para bidadari.","translated_text":"The goddess Anjani is called nyantoka (living as a cantoka), Subali is called lanong (living as a giant bat), and Sugriwa is called ngidang (living as a kijang) in the forest of Sunyapringga; all are accompanied by their own guardians. The goddess Anjani who gradually conquered the Madirda lake with the arrival of Hyang Pawana (Batara Bayu), then there was a romance, so that the goddess Anjani gave birth to Maruti in the form of a white-haired Wanara. Goddess Anjani finally received God's forgiveness, returned to her beauty and was buried in the palace of the angels.","citations":[{"content":"{{cite book|author=R. 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Ghana","translated_text":"ALIH Tamale, Ghana","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Tamamo-no-mae","wikicode":"#ALIH [[Tamamo-no-Mae]]{{A kapital}}","hash":"a4551ff6f693be09ada2080c781e05c796910c7a81904aa9a8b0fb06438e9258","last_revision":"2010-07-13T14:40:11Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T14:40:11Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:44.062664","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH Tamamo-no-Mae\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH Tamamo-no-Mae","translated_text":"This is Tamamo-no-Mae.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"The Power of One","wikicode":"{{otheruses|Power of one}}\n{{infobox Book | \n| name = The Power of One\n| image = \n| image_caption = \n| author = [[Bryce Courtenay]]\n| country = {{negara|Australia}} [[Australia]]
{{negara|Afrika Selatan}} [[Afrika Selatan]]\n| language = [[Bahasa Inggris|Inggris]]\n| genre = [[Bildungsroman]], [[Novel sejarah]]\n| publisher = {{negara|Britania Raya}} [[Heinemann|Matt Moran (MHS faculty)]]
{{negara|Amerika Serikat}} [[Random House]] & (Marclar Productions)\n| release_date = Februari 1989\n| media_type = Print ([[Hardback]] & [[Paperback]])\n| pages = 576 pp (Edisi hardback Britania Raya)
533 pp (Edisi paperback Amerika Serikat)\n| isbn = 0-434-14612-9 (Edisi hardback Britania Raya)
ISBN 0-345-35992-5 (Edisi paperback Amerika Serikat)
ISBN 0-14-130489-8 (adaptasi anak-anak)\n| oclc = 59213894\n| preceded_by =\n| followed_by = [[Tandia]]\n}}\n\n'''''The Power of One''''' adalah [[novel]] karya penulis [[Bryce Courtenay]] dan pertama kali diterbitkan pada tahun 1989. Novel ini diatur di [[Afrika Selatan]] pada tahun [[1930-an]] dan [[1940-an]], hal ini menceritakan tentang di seorang anak laki-laki [[Anglo-Afrika]], yang melalui program cerita, memperoleh julukan [[Peekay]]. (Dalam [[The Power of One (film)|Versi film]], nama diberi di protagonis adalah Peter Phillip Kenneth Keith, tetapi tidak dalam buku ini. Penulis mengidentifikasi \"Peekay\" sebagai referensi untuk julukan sebelumnya \"Pisskop\": bahasa Afrikaans untuk \"Pisshead.\")\n\nHal ini ditulis dari sudut pandang orang pertama, dengan Peekay menceritakan (sebagai orang dewasa, melihat ke belakang) dan percaya pembaca dengan [[pikiran]] dan [[emosi|perasaan]], bagai lawan penjelasan rinci tentang tempat dan akun tindakan.\n\n== Adaptasi film ==\nPada tahun 1992 novel itu dibuat menjadi [[The Power of One (film)|sebuah film dengan nama yang sama]], dengan skenario yang ditulis oleh [[Robert Mark Kamen]].\n\n[[Kategori:Novel tahun 1989]]\n\n\n{{buku-stub}}","hash":"7b41fee1fc15ce0c80ba22c8233d86d9df29f663f1186d530c60d1bb7e8c4425","last_revision":"2022-12-20T02:18:00Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T14:40:15Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:44.121772","cross_lingual_links":{"en":"The Power of One (novel)","it":"La forza del singolo","simple":"The Power of One"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:49.225575","text":"The Power of One adalah novel karya penulis Bryce Courtenay dan pertama kali diterbitkan pada tahun 1989. Novel ini diatur di Afrika Selatan pada tahun 1930-an dan 1940-an, hal ini menceritakan tentang di seorang anak laki-laki Anglo-Afrika, yang melalui program cerita, memperoleh julukan Peekay. (Dalam Versi film, nama diberi di protagonis adalah Peter Phillip Kenneth Keith, tetapi tidak dalam buku ini. Penulis mengidentifikasi \"Peekay\" sebagai referensi untuk julukan sebelumnya \"Pisskop\": bahasa Afrikaans untuk \"Pisshead.\")\n\nHal ini ditulis dari sudut pandang orang pertama, dengan Peekay menceritakan (sebagai orang dewasa, melihat ke belakang) dan percaya pembaca dengan pikiran dan perasaan, bagai lawan penjelasan rinci tentang tempat dan akun tindakan.\n\nPada tahun 1992 novel itu dibuat menjadi sebuah film dengan nama yang sama, dengan skenario yang ditulis oleh Robert Mark Kamen.\n\nKategori:Novel tahun 1989\n","elements":[{"type":"infobox","content":"{{infobox Book | \n| name = The Power of One\n| image = \n| image_caption = \n| author = [[Bryce Courtenay]]\n| country = {{negara|Australia}} [[Australia]]
{{negara|Afrika Selatan}} [[Afrika Selatan]]\n| language = [[Bahasa Inggris|Inggris]]\n| genre = [[Bildungsroman]], [[Novel sejarah]]\n| publisher = {{negara|Britania Raya}} [[Heinemann|Matt Moran (MHS faculty)]]
{{negara|Amerika Serikat}} [[Random House]] & (Marclar Productions)\n| release_date = Februari 1989\n| media_type = Print ([[Hardback]] & [[Paperback]])\n| pages = 576 pp (Edisi hardback Britania Raya)
533 pp (Edisi paperback Amerika Serikat)\n| isbn = 0-434-14612-9 (Edisi hardback Britania Raya)
ISBN 0-345-35992-5 (Edisi paperback Amerika Serikat)
ISBN 0-14-130489-8 (adaptasi anak-anak)\n| oclc = 59213894\n| preceded_by =\n| followed_by = [[Tandia]]\n}}"},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"The Power of One adalah novel karya penulis Bryce Courtenay dan pertama kali diterbitkan pada tahun 1989.","translated_text":"The Power of One is a novel by author Bryce Courtenay and was first published in 1989.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Novel ini diatur di Afrika Selatan pada tahun 1930-an dan 1940-an, hal ini menceritakan tentang di seorang anak laki-laki Anglo-Afrika, yang melalui program cerita, memperoleh julukan Peekay.","translated_text":"Set in South Africa in the 1930s and 1940s, it tells the story of an Anglo-African boy who, through a story programme, gains the nickname Peekay.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"(Dalam Versi film, nama diberi di protagonis adalah Peter Phillip Kenneth Keith, tetapi tidak dalam buku ini.","translated_text":"(In the film version, the name given to the protagonist is Peter Phillip Kenneth Keith, but not in this book.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Penulis mengidentifikasi \"Peekay\" sebagai referensi untuk julukan sebelumnya \"Pisskop\": bahasa Afrikaans untuk \"Pisshead.\")","translated_text":"The author identifies \"Peekay\" as a reference to the earlier nickname \"Pisskop\": Afrikaans for \"Pisshead.\")","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Hal ini ditulis dari sudut pandang orang pertama, dengan Peekay menceritakan (sebagai orang dewasa, melihat ke belakang) dan percaya pembaca dengan pikiran dan perasaan, bagai lawan penjelasan rinci tentang tempat dan akun tindakan.","translated_text":"It is written from a first-person perspective, with Peekay narrating (as an adult, looking back) and trusting the reader with his thoughts and feelings, as opposed to a detailed explanation of the place and account of the action.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Adaptasi film","translated_text":"A film adaptation","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Pada tahun 1992 novel itu dibuat menjadi sebuah film dengan nama yang sama, dengan skenario yang ditulis oleh Robert Mark Kamen.","translated_text":"In 1992 the novel was made into a film of the same name, with a screenplay written by Robert Mark Kamen.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kategori","translated_text":"Categories","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":":Novel tahun 1989","translated_text":"Novel from 1989:","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Taman, madiun","wikicode":"#ALIH [[Taman, Madiun]]{{A 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Pemalang","translated_text":"The gardener, the middleman","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Taman, sidoarjo","wikicode":"#ALIH [[Taman, Sidoarjo]]{{A kapital}}","hash":"0a754a861db69abc3fde51fdce2b798a6561264feaed8f5e41a95f0f93e067a0","last_revision":"2010-07-13T14:40:41Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T14:40:41Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:44.289741","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH Taman, Sidoarjo\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH Taman, Sidoarjo","translated_text":"In the garden, Sidoarjo","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Taman, taman, madiun","wikicode":"#ALIH [[Taman, Taman, Madiun]]{{A 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[[Deborah Kara Unger]]
[[Ashley Taylor]]
[[David O'Hara]]
[[Dexter Fletcher]]
[[Marius Weyers]]\n |music = [[David Holmes]]\n |cinematography = Jess Hall\n |editing = Robert Ivison\n |distributor = \n |released = 2003\n |runtime = 116 menit\n |country = {{negara|Afrika Selatan}} [[Afrika Selatan]]\n |language = [[Bahasa Inggris|Inggris]]\n |budget = \n |preceded_by =\n |followed_by = \n |imdb_id = 0326208\n}}\n\n'''''Stander''''' adalah sebuah [[film]] [[drama]]-[[kriminal]] [[Afrika Selatan]] dirilis pada tahun [[2003]]. Film ini disutradarai oleh [[Bronwen Hughes]] dengan naskah tulisan [[Bima Stagg]]. Film ini dikenal untuk pemeran-pemerannya yang merupakan aktor-aktor bintang internasional: [[Thomas Jane]], [[Deborah Kara Unger]], [[Ashley Taylor]], [[David O'Hara]], [[Dexter Fletcher]], dan [[Marius Weyers]]. Film ini tentang [[Andre Stander|Kapten André Stander]], sebuah [[polisi]] [[Afrika Selatan]] yang berubah menjadi sebuah [[perampok bank]].\n\n== Pemeran ==\n* [[Thomas Jane]] - [[Andre Stander]]\n* [[Deborah Kara Unger]] - Bekkie Stander\n* Ashley Taylor - Cor van Deventer\n* [[David O'Hara]] - [[Allan Heyl]]\n* [[Dexter Fletcher]] - [[Lee McCall]]\n\n== Penghargaan dan nominasi (2005) ==\n* Film ini dinominasikan untuk sebuah [[Genie Award]] untuk Prestasi Terbaik di Direksi.\n\n== Pranala luar ==\n* {{imdb judul|id=0326208|judul=Stander}}\n* {{en}} [http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/stander/ ''Stander''] di [[Rotten Tomatoes]]\n\n[[Kategori:Film Afrika Selatan tahun 2003]]\n[[Kategori:Film drama]]\n[[Kategori:Film kriminal]]\n[[Kategori:Film berbahasa Afrikaans]]\n[[Kategori:Film berbahasa Inggris]]\n\n\n{{Afsel-film-stub}}","hash":"fbf5ac6171287ae7b4a68b83f12e26a5a00121a20158c2f89cb24fa563c6f899","last_revision":"2022-11-26T04:46:05Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T15:09:51Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:14:52.155044","cross_lingual_links":{"af":"Stander (rolprent)","ar":"ستاندر (فيلم)","arz":"ستاندريه","cy":"Stander","en":"Stander (film)","es":"Stander","fr":"Stander (film)","ig":"Stander (ihe nkiri)","pt":"Stander","ru":"Стандер"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:49.339851","text":"Stander adalah sebuah film drama-kriminal Afrika Selatan dirilis pada tahun 2003. Film ini disutradarai oleh Bronwen Hughes dengan naskah tulisan Bima Stagg. Film ini dikenal untuk pemeran-pemerannya yang merupakan aktor-aktor bintang internasional: Thomas Jane, Deborah Kara Unger, Ashley Taylor, David O'Hara, Dexter Fletcher, dan Marius Weyers. Film ini tentang Kapten André Stander, sebuah polisi Afrika Selatan yang berubah menjadi sebuah perampok bank.\n\nThomas Jane - Andre Stander Deborah Kara Unger - Bekkie Stander Ashley Taylor - Cor van Deventer David O'Hara - Allan Heyl Dexter Fletcher - Lee McCall\n\nFilm ini dinominasikan untuk sebuah Genie Award untuk Prestasi Terbaik di Direksi.\n\nStander di Rotten Tomatoes\n\nKategori:Film Afrika Selatan tahun 2003 Kategori:Film drama Kategori:Film kriminal Kategori:Film berbahasa Afrikaans Kategori:Film berbahasa Inggris\n","elements":[{"type":"infobox","content":"{{Infobox Film\n |name = Stander\n |image = Stander ver2.jpg\n |caption = \n |director = [[Bronwen Hughes]]\n |producer = \n |writer = [[Bima Stagg]]\n |starring = [[Thomas Jane]]
[[Deborah Kara Unger]]
[[Ashley Taylor]]
[[David O'Hara]]
[[Dexter Fletcher]]
[[Marius Weyers]]\n |music = [[David Holmes]]\n |cinematography = Jess Hall\n |editing = Robert Ivison\n |distributor = \n |released = 2003\n |runtime = 116 menit\n |country = {{negara|Afrika Selatan}} [[Afrika Selatan]]\n |language = [[Bahasa Inggris|Inggris]]\n |budget = \n |preceded_by =\n |followed_by = \n |imdb_id = 0326208\n}}"},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Stander adalah sebuah film drama-kriminal Afrika Selatan dirilis pada tahun 2003.","translated_text":"Stander is a South African crime-drama film released in 2003.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Film ini disutradarai oleh Bronwen Hughes dengan naskah tulisan Bima Stagg.","translated_text":"The film is directed by Bronwen Hughes with a screenplay by Bima Stagg.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Film ini dikenal untuk pemeran-pemerannya yang merupakan aktor-aktor bintang internasional: Thomas Jane, Deborah Kara Unger, Ashley Taylor, David O'Hara, Dexter Fletcher, dan Marius Weyers.","translated_text":"The film is noted for its performances by internationally-starred actors: Thomas Jane, Deborah Kara Unger, Ashley Taylor, David O'Hara, Dexter Fletcher, and Marius Weyers.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Film ini tentang Kapten André Stander, sebuah polisi Afrika Selatan yang berubah menjadi sebuah perampok bank.","translated_text":"This film is about Captain André Stander, a South African police officer turned bank robber.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Pemeran","translated_text":"Actors","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Thomas Jane - Andre Stander Deborah Kara Unger - Bekkie Stander Ashley Taylor - Cor van Deventer David O'Hara - Allan Heyl Dexter Fletcher - Lee McCall","translated_text":"It's the first time I've ever heard of this. It's the second time I've heard of this.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Penghargaan dan nominasi (2005)","translated_text":"Awards and nominations (2005)","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Film ini dinominasikan untuk sebuah Genie Award untuk Prestasi Terbaik di Direksi.","translated_text":"The film was nominated for a Genie Award for Best Director.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Pranala luar","translated_text":"External connections","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Stander di Rotten Tomatoes","translated_text":"Stander at the Rotten 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kapital}}","hash":"fb1538078d50c0f295b3982ffcf13f317e601c0665a9554743dbf164752c6d83","last_revision":"2010-07-13T15:46:52Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T15:46:52Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:01.907464","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH Tanduk Kalua, Mamasa\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH Tanduk Kalua, Mamasa","translated_text":"The second horn, Mamasa","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Tandun, rokan hulu","wikicode":"#ALIH [[Tandun, Rokan Hulu]]{{A kapital}}","hash":"3b0216b93b8aa8b0664669f310dcd5c4df449aa83d4f3de4b5eaabe4b96f3e63","last_revision":"2010-07-13T15:47:02Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T15:47:02Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:01.969122","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH Tandun, Rokan Hulu\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH Tandun, Rokan Hulu","translated_text":"I'm not going to lie. I'm going to lie.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Tanete riaja, barru","wikicode":"#ALIH [[Tanete Riaja, Barru]]{{A kapital}}","hash":"0f1402036bd2c1efc84193133ed9613a3d1b1c53d6cd9376e0f1cc48a8cf03be","last_revision":"2010-07-13T15:47:17Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T15:47:17Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:02.023178","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH Tanete Riaja, Barru\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH Tanete Riaja, Barru","translated_text":"The nature of the kingdom, Barru.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Tanete riattang, bone","wikicode":"#ALIH [[Tanete Riattang, Bone]]{{A kapital}}","hash":"0c808114620acf70cbc980229727a2bd8f64987c61ee46f37f6c5fd022724958","last_revision":"2010-07-13T15:47:27Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T15:47:27Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:02.082711","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH Tanete Riattang, Bone\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH Tanete Riattang, Bone","translated_text":"The nature of the riattang, bone","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Tanete riattang barat, bone","wikicode":"#ALIH [[Tanete Riattang Barat, Bone]]{{A kapital}}","hash":"1c6652e403a5c343be0b78174dca2dabdc9f886e47f68e25f08a20e163a8f976","last_revision":"2010-07-13T15:47:37Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T15:47:37Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:02.139358","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH Tanete Riattang Barat, Bone\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH Tanete Riattang Barat, Bone","translated_text":"The Southwest, Bone","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Tanete riattang timur, bone","wikicode":"#ALIH [[Tanete Riattang Timur, Bone]]{{A kapital}}","hash":"4be6aae9a29bb82e55214ba94e17c3d51b710f55ab2429af930fab5801304534","last_revision":"2010-07-13T15:47:47Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T15:47:47Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:02.193133","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH Tanete Riattang Timur, Bone\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH Tanete Riattang Timur, Bone","translated_text":"The Land of the East, Bone","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Tanete rilau, barru","wikicode":"#ALIH [[Tanete Rilau, Barru]]{{A kapital}}","hash":"cfd23b7048f597361cf86fa55089125cacc58077c8c6bbe4d3b3e4d67accc75d","last_revision":"2010-07-13T15:47:57Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T15:47:57Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:02.254949","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH Tanete Rilau, Barru\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH Tanete Rilau, Barru","translated_text":"It's all right, Barru.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Invasi Belanda ke Pantai Barat Sumatra (1831)","wikicode":"{{Kotak kampanye kolonial Belanda}}\n[[Berkas:Heldhaftig gedrag van luitenant Bisschoff.jpg||300px|jmpl|Serangan Belanda ke Pantai Barat Sumatra. Dalam gambar itu tampak [[Letnan|Let.]] Bisschoff.]]\n'''Invasi Belanda ke Pantai Barat Sumatra''' dilaksanakan oleh [[Koninklijk Nederlandsch-Indisch Leger]] di bawah pimpinan Jan Jacob Roeps dan Andreas Victor Michiels pada tahun [[1831]].\n\n== Latar belakang ==\nSelama beberapa waktu terjadi masalah antara [[Belanda]] dengan [[Aceh]]. Belanda berada dalam situasi sulit akibat [[Perjanjian London tahun 1824]]. Perjanjian tersebut menjamin kemerdekaan Aceh dan mewajibkan Belanda untuk menjamin keamanan pelayaran dan perdagangan darat di dalam dan sekitar Aceh. Di sisi lain, perdagangan Belanda terganggu dan Aceh tetap tak terhukum atas [[perompakan]] yang sudah lama berlangsung di situ. Padahal dalam perjanjian tersebut, pemerintah Belanda akan menjaga hubungan dengan Aceh mengenai pengaturan antar negeri serta menjamin [[pelayaran]] dan [[perdagangan]] tanpa kehilangan kemerdekaannya, meski jaminan itu hanya tercapai bila Belanda punya pengaruh di sana.\n\nPada [[7 Februari]] 1831, [[kapal]] ''Friendship'' milik [[Amerika Serikat]] dirompak di [[Kuala Batee, Aceh Barat Daya|Kuala Batee]] oleh orang-orang Aceh. Tak lama setelahnya, [[sekunar|skuner]] ''Dolfijn'' milik Belanda juga dibajak; usaha membawa kembali kapal itu gagal, tetapi ketakutan akan perselisihan dengan [[Britania Raya]] dan pecahnya perang dengan Aceh membuat Belanda tidak mengambil tindakan lanjutan apapun. Akibatnya, orang-orang Aceh menjadi nekat dengan menduduki [[Barus, Tapanuli Tengah|Barus]] dan sejumlah pos milik Belanda. Karena itu, diputuskanlah untuk memperluas kekuasaan Belanda di [[Pantai Barat Sumatra]] hingga [[Singkil, Aceh Singkil|Singkil]]. Barus, Tapus, dan Singkil sendiri merdeka dari [[Kesultanan Aceh]], meskipun kesultanan mengklaimnya. Karena ketiga daerah tersebut bukan bagian Kesultanan Aceh, Belanda tidak merasa perlu terikat dengan Perjanjian Sumatra.\n\n== Serangan ==\n[[Letnan Kolonel|Let. Kol.]] [[Johan Jacob Roeps|Roeps]] (komandan di Barus) hanya diperintahkan memimpin serbuan khusus saja. Didorong oleh tekanan penduduk Aceh yang bermusuhan, ia melancarkan sejumlah ekspedisi, yang dengan itulah ia melibas perlawanan bersenjata. Di salah satu pertempuran, ia terluka parah oleh tembakan.\n\nAndreas Victor Michiels kini maju dengan 700 prajurit dan anggota salah satu skuadron ke Barus dan banyak orang Aceh di kubu pertahanannya.\n\n[[Letnan|Let.]] Bisschoff menaiki tembok pembatas salah satu bangunan itu dan merebut bendera Aceh. Penduduk lokal merebutnya kembali dan mendaratkan 11 luka sabet kepadanya. Dengan meninggalkan [[senjata]] dan [[amunisi]], penduduk berlari ke Tapus dan Singkil, tempat kekuatan utama orang-orang Aceh yang dipimpin oleh Mohammad Arief. Di sini, musuh juga dihalau setelah diberangus senjatanya dan tujuan ekspedisi kecil ini tercapai. Dengan demikian, Singkil masuk Hindia Belanda.\n\n== Rujukan ==\n* Terwogt WA. [[1900]]. ''Het land van Jan Pieterszoon Coen: Geschiedenis van de Nederlanders in oost-Indië''. [[Hoorn]]: P. Geerts.\n* Kepper G. 1900. ''Wapenfeiten van het Nederlands Indische Leger: 1816-1900''. [[Den Haag]]: M.M. Cuvee.\n* Gerlach AJA. [[1876]]. ''Nederlandse heldenfeiten in Oost Indë'' (3 jilid). [[Den Haag]]: Gebroeders Belinfante.\n* Pemerintah Provinsi Aceh, https://www.acehprov.go.id/jelajah/read/2013/12/06/55/siti-ambia-srikandi-singkil.html {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170712005618/http://acehprov.go.id/jelajah/read/2013/12/06/55/siti-ambia-srikandi-singkil.html |date=2017-07-12 }}\n{{Lembaran hitam Nusantara}}\n\n[[Kategori:Perang yang melibatkan Belanda]]\n[[Kategori:Sejarah Aceh]]\n[[Kategori:1831]]","hash":"8c1d4297dd3d4eca79aa7f6d27ca7008cd2aa6f2ff1afae340cb07708c6f256f","last_revision":"2022-05-27T02:43:08Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T15:48:23Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:02.342667","cross_lingual_links":{"ar":"الحملة الهولندية على الساحل الغربي لسومطرة","en":"Dutch expedition on the west coast of Sumatra","it":"Spedizione olandese sulla costa occidentale di Sumatra"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:49.578424","text":"Invasi Belanda ke Pantai Barat Sumatra dilaksanakan oleh Koninklijk Nederlandsch-Indisch Leger di bawah pimpinan Jan Jacob Roeps dan Andreas Victor Michiels pada tahun 1831.\n\nSelama beberapa waktu terjadi masalah antara Belanda dengan Aceh. Belanda berada dalam situasi sulit akibat Perjanjian London tahun 1824. Perjanjian tersebut menjamin kemerdekaan Aceh dan mewajibkan Belanda untuk menjamin keamanan pelayaran dan perdagangan darat di dalam dan sekitar Aceh. Di sisi lain, perdagangan Belanda terganggu dan Aceh tetap tak terhukum atas perompakan yang sudah lama berlangsung di situ. Padahal dalam perjanjian tersebut, pemerintah Belanda akan menjaga hubungan dengan Aceh mengenai pengaturan antar negeri serta menjamin pelayaran dan perdagangan tanpa kehilangan kemerdekaannya, meski jaminan itu hanya tercapai bila Belanda punya pengaruh di sana.\n\nPada 7 Februari 1831, kapal Friendship milik Amerika Serikat dirompak di Kuala Batee oleh orang-orang Aceh. Tak lama setelahnya, skuner Dolfijn milik Belanda juga dibajak; usaha membawa kembali kapal itu gagal, tetapi ketakutan akan perselisihan dengan Britania Raya dan pecahnya perang dengan Aceh membuat Belanda tidak mengambil tindakan lanjutan apapun. Akibatnya, orang-orang Aceh menjadi nekat dengan menduduki Barus dan sejumlah pos milik Belanda. Karena itu, diputuskanlah untuk memperluas kekuasaan Belanda di Pantai Barat Sumatra hingga Singkil. Barus, Tapus, dan Singkil sendiri merdeka dari Kesultanan Aceh, meskipun kesultanan mengklaimnya. Karena ketiga daerah tersebut bukan bagian Kesultanan Aceh, Belanda tidak merasa perlu terikat dengan Perjanjian Sumatra.\n\nLet. Kol. Roeps (komandan di Barus) hanya diperintahkan memimpin serbuan khusus saja. Didorong oleh tekanan penduduk Aceh yang bermusuhan, ia melancarkan sejumlah ekspedisi, yang dengan itulah ia melibas perlawanan bersenjata. Di salah satu pertempuran, ia terluka parah oleh tembakan.\n\nAndreas Victor Michiels kini maju dengan 700 prajurit dan anggota salah satu skuadron ke Barus dan banyak orang Aceh di kubu pertahanannya.\n\nLet. Bisschoff menaiki tembok pembatas salah satu bangunan itu dan merebut bendera Aceh. Penduduk lokal merebutnya kembali dan mendaratkan 11 luka sabet kepadanya. Dengan meninggalkan senjata dan amunisi, penduduk berlari ke Tapus dan Singkil, tempat kekuatan utama orang-orang Aceh yang dipimpin oleh Mohammad Arief. Di sini, musuh juga dihalau setelah diberangus senjatanya dan tujuan ekspedisi kecil ini tercapai. Dengan demikian, Singkil masuk Hindia Belanda.\n\nTerwogt WA. 1900. Het land van Jan Pieterszoon Coen: Geschiedenis van de Nederlanders in oost-Indië. Hoorn: P. Geerts. Kepper G. 1900. Wapenfeiten van het Nederlands Indische Leger: 1816-1900. Den Haag: M.M. Cuvee. Gerlach AJA. 1876. Nederlandse heldenfeiten in Oost Indë (3 jilid). Den Haag: Gebroeders Belinfante. Pemerintah Provinsi Aceh,\n\nKategori:Perang yang melibatkan Belanda Kategori:Sejarah Aceh Kategori:1831\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Invasi Belanda ke Pantai Barat Sumatra dilaksanakan oleh Koninklijk Nederlandsch-Indisch Leger di bawah pimpinan Jan Jacob Roeps dan Andreas Victor Michiels pada tahun 1831.","translated_text":"The Dutch invasion of the West Coast of Sumatra was carried out by the Koninklijk Nederlandsch-Indisch Leger under the leadership of Jan Jacob Roeps and Andreas Victor Michiels in 1831.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Latar belakang","translated_text":"The background","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Selama beberapa waktu terjadi masalah antara Belanda dengan Aceh.","translated_text":"For some time there were problems between the Netherlands and Aceh.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Belanda berada dalam situasi sulit akibat Perjanjian London tahun 1824.","translated_text":"The Dutch were in a difficult situation as a result of the Treaty of London in 1824.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Perjanjian tersebut menjamin kemerdekaan Aceh dan mewajibkan Belanda untuk menjamin keamanan pelayaran dan perdagangan darat di dalam dan sekitar Aceh.","translated_text":"The treaty guaranteed the independence of Aceh and obliged the Netherlands to guarantee the security of navigation and land trade in and around Aceh.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Di sisi lain, perdagangan Belanda terganggu dan Aceh tetap tak terhukum atas perompakan yang sudah lama berlangsung di situ.","translated_text":"On the other hand, Dutch trade was disrupted and Aceh remained unpunished for its long-running plunder.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Padahal dalam perjanjian tersebut, pemerintah Belanda akan menjaga hubungan dengan Aceh mengenai pengaturan antar negeri serta menjamin pelayaran dan perdagangan tanpa kehilangan kemerdekaannya, meski jaminan itu hanya tercapai bila Belanda punya pengaruh di sana.","translated_text":"However, under the agreement, the Dutch government would maintain relations with Aceh regarding interstate arrangements and guarantee shipping and trade without losing its independence, although that guarantee would only be achieved if the Netherlands had influence there.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Pada 7 Februari 1831, kapal Friendship milik Amerika Serikat dirompak di Kuala Batee oleh orang-orang Aceh.","translated_text":"On 7 February 1831, the United States-owned Friendship ship was ransacked in Kuala Batee by the Aceh people.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Tak lama setelahnya, skuner Dolfijn milik Belanda juga dibajak; usaha membawa kembali kapal itu gagal, tetapi ketakutan akan perselisihan dengan Britania Raya dan pecahnya perang dengan Aceh membuat Belanda tidak mengambil tindakan lanjutan apapun.","translated_text":"Shortly thereafter, the Dutch Dolfijn schooner was also hijacked; attempts to bring the ship back failed, but fears of dispute with the United Kingdom and the outbreak of war with Aceh led the Dutch to take no further action.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Akibatnya, orang-orang Aceh menjadi nekat dengan menduduki Barus dan sejumlah pos milik Belanda.","translated_text":"As a result, the Aceh people became discouraged by occupying Barus and a number of Dutch posts.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Karena itu, diputuskanlah untuk memperluas kekuasaan Belanda di Pantai Barat Sumatra hingga Singkil.","translated_text":"Therefore, it was decided to extend Dutch rule on the West Coast of Sumatra to Singkil.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Barus, Tapus, dan Singkil sendiri merdeka dari Kesultanan Aceh, meskipun kesultanan mengklaimnya.","translated_text":"Barus, Tapus, and Singkil themselves became independent from the Aceh Sultanate, although the Sultanate claimed it.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Karena ketiga daerah tersebut bukan bagian Kesultanan Aceh, Belanda tidak merasa perlu terikat dengan Perjanjian Sumatra.","translated_text":"Since these three areas were not part of the Aceh Sultanate, the Dutch felt no need to be bound by the Treaty of Sumatra.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Serangan","translated_text":"The attack","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Let.","translated_text":"Let it go.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Kol","translated_text":"Col.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":". Roeps (komandan di Barus) hanya diperintahkan memimpin serbuan khusus saja.","translated_text":"Roeps is only ordered to lead a special assault.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Didorong oleh tekanan penduduk Aceh yang bermusuhan, ia melancarkan sejumlah ekspedisi, yang dengan itulah ia melibas perlawanan bersenjata.","translated_text":"Driven by the pressure of the hostile population of Aceh, he launched a number of expeditions, which led to the liberation of the armed resistance.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Di salah satu pertempuran, ia terluka parah oleh tembakan.","translated_text":"In one of the battles, he was badly wounded by gunfire.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Andreas Victor Michiels kini maju dengan 700 prajurit dan anggota salah satu skuadron ke Barus dan banyak orang Aceh di kubu pertahanannya.","translated_text":"Andreas Victor Michiels now advanced with 700 soldiers and members of one of the squadrons to Barus and many Aceh people in his defense stronghold.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Let.","translated_text":"Let it go.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Bisschoff menaiki tembok pembatas salah satu bangunan itu dan merebut bendera Aceh.","translated_text":"Bisschoff climbed the boundary walls of one of the buildings and seized the flag of Aceh.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Penduduk lokal merebutnya kembali dan mendaratkan 11 luka sabet kepadanya.","translated_text":"Local residents recaptured him and landed 11 sable wounds on him.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Dengan meninggalkan senjata dan amunisi, penduduk berlari ke Tapus dan Singkil, tempat kekuatan utama orang-orang Aceh yang dipimpin oleh Mohammad Arief.","translated_text":"Abandoned weapons and ammunition, the inhabitants fled to Tapus and Singkil, where the main force of the Aceh people led by Mohammad Arief.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Di sini, musuh juga dihalau setelah diberangus senjatanya dan tujuan ekspedisi kecil ini tercapai.","translated_text":"Here, too, the enemy was driven out after being disarmed and the goal of this small expedition was achieved.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Dengan demikian, Singkil masuk Hindia Belanda.","translated_text":"In this way, Singkil entered the Dutch East Indies.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Rujukan","translated_text":"References","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Terwogt WA. 1900.","translated_text":"It's from WA, 1900.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Het land van Jan Pieterszoon Coen: Geschiedenis van de Nederlanders in oost-Indië.","translated_text":"Het land van Jan Pieterszoon Coen: Geschiedenis van de Nederlanders in the east of the Indies.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Hoorn: P. Geerts.","translated_text":"P. Geerts. What is it?","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Kepper G. 1900.","translated_text":"The Kepper G. 1900.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Wapenfeiten van het Nederlands Indische Leger: 1816-1900.","translated_text":"The Dutch Indische Leger: 1816-1900.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Den Haag: M.M. Cuvee.","translated_text":"The Hague: M.M. Cuvee","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Gerlach AJA. 1876.","translated_text":"Gerlach AJA. It was 1876.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Nederlandse heldenfeiten in Oost Indë (3 jilid).","translated_text":"Dutch heldenfeiten in Oost Indë (3 volumes).","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Den Haag: Gebroeders Belinfante.","translated_text":"The Hague: Gebroeders Belinfante.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pemerintah Provinsi Aceh,","translated_text":"Government of the Province of Aceh,","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170712005618/http://acehprov.go.id/jelajah/read/2013/12/06/55/siti-ambia-srikandi-singkil.html |date=2017-07-12 }}","char_index":25,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20170712005618/http://acehprov.go.id/jelajah/read/2013/12/06/55/siti-ambia-srikandi-singkil.html","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:27:36.073546-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kategori:Perang yang melibatkan Belanda Kategori:Sejarah Aceh Kategori:1831","translated_text":"Category:War involving the Netherlands Category:History of Aceh Category:1831","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[{"text":"Nederlandse heldenfeiten in Oost Indë (3 jilid). Den Haag: Gebroeders Belinfante. Pemerintah Provinsi Aceh,","translated_text":"Dutch heldenfeiten in Oost Indë (3 volumes). The Hague: Gebroeders Belinfante. 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Sungai ini mengalir ke selatan dan bergabung dengan [[sungai Padma]] di dekat [[Goalundo Ghat]]. Setelah bergabung dengan Padma, sungai ini bertemu dengan [[sungai Meghna]] di dekat Chandpur. Sungai lalu mengalir ke [[Teluk Benggala]] sebagai sungai Meghna.\n[[Berkas:Jamuna_Shetu.jpg|jmpl|kiri|[[Jembatan Jamuna]]]]\nRata-rata kedalaman sungai ini adalah {{convert|395|ft|m}} dan kedalaman maksimumnya sebesar {{convert|1088|ft|m}}.{{Fact|date=April 2009}}\n\nSungai ini merupakan rintangan bagi pembuatan jalan antara [[Dhaka]] dengan [[Divisi Rajshahi]]. Masalah ini dapat diselesaikan setelah [[jembatan Jamuna]] dibuka pada tahun 1998.{{Cite web |url=http://www.realityofaid.org/asia/downloads/download.php?fn=ROA_Asia_2005_Part_2_01.pdf |title=Akhter, Farida (2005) \"Japan ODA: Cause of river erosion, displacement and environmental destruction in Bangladesh?\" ''The Reality of Aid: Asia-Pacific'' pp. 63-75 |access-date=2010-07-13 |archive-date=2009-03-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090319060020/http://www.realityofaid.org/asia/downloads/download.php?fn=ROA_Asia_2005_Part_2_01.pdf |dead-url=yes }}\n\n== Catatan kaki ==\n{{reflist}}\n\n{{Authority control}}\n\n[[Kategori:Sungai di Bangladesh]]\n\n\n{{Bangladesh-geo-stub}}","hash":"c7c16d9671d80bceac2810fc3b883315d43da3d7169f94cce6c1e961567295fc","last_revision":"2022-12-30T06:24:07Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T15:51:02Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:02.983160","cross_lingual_links":{"anp":"जमुना नदी, बांग्लादेश","ar":"نهر جمنا","az":"Camuna","bh":"जमुना नदी, बांग्लादेश","bn":"যমুনা নদী (বাংলাদেশ)","ca":"Riu Jamuna","ceb":"Jamuna River (suba sa Bangladesh, lat 23,82, long 89,77)","cv":"Джамуна","de":"Jamuna","el":"Ποταμός Τζαμούνα (Μπανγκλαντές)","en":"Jamuna River (Bangladesh)","es":"Río Yamuna (Bangladés)","et":"Jamuna","fr":"Jamuna","hi":"जमुना नदी, बांग्लादेश","ko":"자무나강","lmo":"Jamuna","lt":"Džamuna","ml":"ജമുന നദി (ബംഗ്ലാദേശ്)","ms":"Sungai Jamuna","nl":"Jamuna (Bangladesh)","nn":"Jamuna","nb":"Jamuna","pa":"ਜਮਨਾ ਦਰਿਆ (ਬੰਗਲਾਦੇਸ਼)","ru":"Джамуна","simple":"Jamuna River","sl":"Džamuna (Bangladeš)","sv":"Jamuna River","ta":"ஜமுனா ஆறு (வங்காளதேசம்)","th":"แม่น้ำยมุนา (ประเทศบังกลาเทศ)","tr":"Jamuna","uk":"Джамуна","xmf":"ჯამუნა (ბანგლადეში)","zh":"贾木纳河"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:49.578424","text":"Sungai Jamuna (Bangla: যমুনা Jomuna) adalah salah satu dari tiga sungai utama di Bangladesh. Sungai ini mengalir ke selatan dan bergabung dengan sungai Padma di dekat Goalundo Ghat. Setelah bergabung dengan Padma, sungai ini bertemu dengan sungai Meghna di dekat Chandpur. Sungai lalu mengalir ke Teluk Benggala sebagai sungai Meghna.\n\nRata-rata kedalaman sungai ini adalah dan kedalaman maksimumnya sebesar .\n\nSungai ini merupakan rintangan bagi pembuatan jalan antara Dhaka dengan Divisi Rajshahi. Masalah ini dapat diselesaikan setelah jembatan Jamuna dibuka pada tahun 1998.\n\nKategori:Sungai di Bangladesh\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Sungai Jamuna (Bangla: যমুনা Jomuna) adalah salah satu dari tiga sungai utama di Bangladesh.","translated_text":"The Jamuna River (Bangla: যমুনা Jomuna) is one of the three major rivers of Bangladesh.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Sungai ini mengalir ke selatan dan bergabung dengan sungai Padma di dekat Goalundo Ghat.","translated_text":"It flows south and joins the Padma River near Goalundo Ghat.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Setelah bergabung dengan Padma, sungai ini bertemu dengan sungai Meghna di dekat Chandpur.","translated_text":"After merging with Padma, it meets the Meghna river near Chandpur.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Sungai lalu mengalir ke Teluk Benggala sebagai sungai Meghna.","translated_text":"The river then flows into the Bay of Bengal as the Meghna River.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Rata-rata kedalaman sungai ini adalah dan kedalaman maksimumnya sebesar .","translated_text":"The average depth of this river is and the maximum depth is great.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[{"type":"citation-needed","content":"{{Fact|date=April 2009}}","char_index":73}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Sungai ini merupakan rintangan bagi pembuatan jalan antara Dhaka dengan Divisi Rajshahi.","translated_text":"The river is an obstacle to road construction between Dhaka and the Rajshahi Division.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Masalah ini dapat diselesaikan setelah jembatan Jamuna dibuka pada tahun 1998.","translated_text":"This problem was solved after the Jamuna Bridge was opened in 1998.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[{"content":"{{Cite web |url=http://www.realityofaid.org/asia/downloads/download.php?fn=ROA_Asia_2005_Part_2_01.pdf |title=Akhter, Farida (2005) \"Japan ODA: Cause of river erosion, displacement and environmental destruction in Bangladesh?\" ''The Reality of Aid: Asia-Pacific'' pp. 63-75 |access-date=2010-07-13 |archive-date=2009-03-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090319060020/http://www.realityofaid.org/asia/downloads/download.php?fn=ROA_Asia_2005_Part_2_01.pdf |dead-url=yes }}","char_index":78,"name":null,"url":"http://www.realityofaid.org/asia/downloads/download.php?fn=ROA_Asia_2005_Part_2_01.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html; charset=UTF-8","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":80306,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:27:39.253586-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":"Text is too short (45 words)","source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{Cite web |url=http://www.realityofaid.org/asia/downloads/download.php?fn=ROA_Asia_2005_Part_2_01.pdf |title=Akhter, Farida (2005) \"Japan ODA: Cause of river erosion, displacement and environmental destruction in Bangladesh?\" ''The Reality of Aid: Asia-Pacific'' pp. 63-75 |access-date=2010-07-13 |archive-date=2009-03-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090319060020/http://www.realityofaid.org/asia/downloads/download.php?fn=ROA_Asia_2005_Part_2_01.pdf |dead-url=yes }}","char_index":78,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20090319060020/http://www.realityofaid.org/asia/downloads/download.php?fn=ROA_Asia_2005_Part_2_01.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:27:42.877136-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Catatan kaki","translated_text":"Footnotes","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kategori:Sungai di Bangladesh","translated_text":"Category:Rivers in Bangladesh","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[{"text":"Sungai ini merupakan rintangan bagi pembuatan jalan antara Dhaka dengan Divisi Rajshahi. Masalah ini dapat diselesaikan setelah jembatan Jamuna dibuka pada tahun 1998.","translated_text":"The river is an obstacle to road construction between Dhaka and the Rajshahi Division. This problem was solved after the Jamuna Bridge was opened in 1998.","citations":[{"content":"{{Cite web |url=http://www.realityofaid.org/asia/downloads/download.php?fn=ROA_Asia_2005_Part_2_01.pdf |title=Akhter, Farida (2005) \"Japan ODA: Cause of river erosion, displacement and environmental destruction in Bangladesh?\" ''The Reality of Aid: Asia-Pacific'' pp. 63-75 |access-date=2010-07-13 |archive-date=2009-03-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090319060020/http://www.realityofaid.org/asia/downloads/download.php?fn=ROA_Asia_2005_Part_2_01.pdf |dead-url=yes }}","char_index":167,"name":null,"url":"http://www.realityofaid.org/asia/downloads/download.php?fn=ROA_Asia_2005_Part_2_01.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html; charset=UTF-8","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":80306,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:27:39.253586-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":"Text is too short (45 words)","source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{Cite web |url=http://www.realityofaid.org/asia/downloads/download.php?fn=ROA_Asia_2005_Part_2_01.pdf |title=Akhter, Farida (2005) \"Japan ODA: Cause of river erosion, displacement and environmental destruction in Bangladesh?\" ''The Reality of Aid: Asia-Pacific'' pp. 63-75 |access-date=2010-07-13 |archive-date=2009-03-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090319060020/http://www.realityofaid.org/asia/downloads/download.php?fn=ROA_Asia_2005_Part_2_01.pdf |dead-url=yes }}","char_index":167,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20090319060020/http://www.realityofaid.org/asia/downloads/download.php?fn=ROA_Asia_2005_Part_2_01.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:27:42.877136-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]}]} +{"title":"Diskriminasi terhadap ateis","wikicode":"{{Ateisme}}\n'''Diskriminasi terhadap ateis''' mencakup penganiayaan dan diskriminasi yang dihadapi kaum [[ateis]] atau orang yang dicap sebagai ateis pada masa lalu dan kini. Di negara-negara demokrasi konstitusional, biasanya ateis tidak secara legal didiskriminasi, tetapi beberapa kelompok ateis di [[Amerika Serikat]] telah menentang hukum dan regulasi yang dianggap diskriminatif. Di beberapa negara Islam, kaum ateis menghadapi diskriminasi, seperti pembatasan status legal atau hukuman mati karena [[murtad|kemurtadan]]. Contohnya, di [[Iran]], kaum ateis tidak diakui, dan untuk mendapatkan beberapa hak (seperti masuk ke universitas{{cite web|url=http://www.fidh.org/IMG/pdf/ir0108a.pdf|title=Discrimination against religious minorities in IRAN|date=August 2003|work=Fédération Internationale des Ligues des Droits de l`Homme and the Ligue de Défense des Droits de l’Homme en Iran|accessdate=2009-03-13}} atau menjadi pengacara{{cite web\n|url=http://www.amnesty.org/en/library/asset/MDE13/045/2001/en/73a8bc2a-d8ae-11dd-ad8c-f3d4445c118e/mde130452001en.html\n|title=Iran: A legal system that fails to protect freedom of expression and association\n|publisher=Amnesty International\n|accessdate=2009-03-14\n|last=\n|first=\n|archive-date=2012-07-21\n|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120721024016/http://www.amnesty.org/en/library/asset/MDE13/045/2001/en/73a8bc2a-d8ae-11dd-ad8c-f3d4445c118e/mde130452001en.html\n|dead-url=yes\n}}) harus menyatakan dirinya beragama.\n\n== Referensi ==\n{{Reflist|2}}\n\n[[Kategori:Ateisme]]\n[[Kategori:Diskriminasi]]\n\n\n{{Ideologi-stub}}","hash":"9741c61feeba15eba4aa00466cda72ced2cadea18e997b1001a1e78400052c0d","last_revision":"2022-12-26T17:26:34Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T16:08:29Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:03.050264","cross_lingual_links":{"als":"Diskriminierung von Atheisten und Agnostikern","ar":"التمييز ضد الملحدين","bn":"নাস্তিকদের প্রতি বৈষম্য","cs":"Diskriminace ateistů","cv":"Атеистсене хӗсӗрлени","de":"Diskriminierung von Atheisten","diq":"Ateistan sero diskriminasyon","en":"Discrimination against atheists","es":"Discriminación contra los ateos","fa":"تبعیض علیه بی‌خدایان","fi":"Ateistien syrjintä","fr":"Discrimination contre les athées","he":"אפליה נגד אתאיסטים","hy":"Աթեոֆոբիա","it":"Discriminazione verso gli atei","pl":"Dyskryminacja ateistów","ps":"د بې دينو په وړاندې توپيري چلند","pt":"Discriminação contra ateus","ru":"Дискриминация атеистов","ta":"இறைமறுப்பாளர்களுக்கு எதிரான பாகுபாடு","tr":"Ateistlere karşı ayrımcılık","uk":"Дискримінація атеїстів","zh":"對無神論者的歧視"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:49.578424","text":"Diskriminasi terhadap ateis mencakup penganiayaan dan diskriminasi yang dihadapi kaum ateis atau orang yang dicap sebagai ateis pada masa lalu dan kini. Di negara-negara demokrasi konstitusional, biasanya ateis tidak secara legal didiskriminasi, tetapi beberapa kelompok ateis di Amerika Serikat telah menentang hukum dan regulasi yang dianggap diskriminatif. Di beberapa negara Islam, kaum ateis menghadapi diskriminasi, seperti pembatasan status legal atau hukuman mati karena kemurtadan. Contohnya, di Iran, kaum ateis tidak diakui, dan untuk mendapatkan beberapa hak (seperti masuk ke universitas atau menjadi pengacara) harus menyatakan dirinya beragama.\n\nKategori:Ateisme Kategori:Diskriminasi\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Diskriminasi terhadap ateis mencakup penganiayaan dan diskriminasi yang dihadapi kaum ateis atau orang yang dicap sebagai ateis pada masa lalu dan kini.","translated_text":"Discrimination against atheists includes persecution and discrimination faced by atheists or people labeled as atheists in the past and present.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Di negara-negara demokrasi konstitusional, biasanya ateis tidak secara legal didiskriminasi, tetapi beberapa kelompok ateis di Amerika Serikat telah menentang hukum dan regulasi yang dianggap diskriminatif.","translated_text":"In constitutional democracies, atheists are usually not legally discriminated against, but some atheist groups in the United States have opposed laws and regulations that are considered discriminatory.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Di beberapa negara Islam, kaum ateis menghadapi diskriminasi, seperti pembatasan status legal atau hukuman mati karena kemurtadan.","translated_text":"In some Islamic countries, atheists face discrimination, such as restrictions on legal status or the death penalty for apostasy.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Contohnya, di Iran, kaum ateis tidak diakui, dan untuk mendapatkan beberapa hak (seperti masuk ke universitas atau menjadi pengacara) harus menyatakan dirinya beragama.","translated_text":"For example, in Iran, atheists are not recognized, and in order to gain certain rights (such as university admission or becoming a lawyer) they must declare themselves religious.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[{"content":"{{cite web|url=http://www.fidh.org/IMG/pdf/ir0108a.pdf|title=Discrimination against religious minorities in IRAN|date=August 2003|work=Fédération Internationale des Ligues des Droits de l`Homme and the Ligue de Défense des Droits de l’Homme en Iran|accessdate=2009-03-13}}","char_index":109,"name":null,"url":"http://www.fidh.org/IMG/pdf/ir0108a.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"application/pdf","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:27:52.892118-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{cite web |url=http://www.amnesty.org/en/library/asset/MDE13/045/2001/en/73a8bc2a-d8ae-11dd-ad8c-f3d4445c118e/mde130452001en.html |title=Iran: A legal system that fails to protect freedom of expression and association |publisher=Amnesty International |accessdate=2009-03-14 |last= |first= |archive-date=2012-07-21 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120721024016/http://www.amnesty.org/en/library/asset/MDE13/045/2001/en/73a8bc2a-d8ae-11dd-ad8c-f3d4445c118e/mde130452001en.html |dead-url=yes }}","char_index":132,"name":null,"url":"http://www.amnesty.org/en/library/asset/MDE13/045/2001/en/73a8bc2a-d8ae-11dd-ad8c-f3d4445c118e/mde130452001en.html","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":146,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:27:53.356323-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":"Text is too short (3 words)","source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{cite web |url=http://www.amnesty.org/en/library/asset/MDE13/045/2001/en/73a8bc2a-d8ae-11dd-ad8c-f3d4445c118e/mde130452001en.html |title=Iran: A legal system that fails to protect freedom of expression and association |publisher=Amnesty International |accessdate=2009-03-14 |last= |first= |archive-date=2012-07-21 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120721024016/http://www.amnesty.org/en/library/asset/MDE13/045/2001/en/73a8bc2a-d8ae-11dd-ad8c-f3d4445c118e/mde130452001en.html |dead-url=yes }}","char_index":132,"name":null,"url":"https://archive.today/20120721024016/http://www.amnesty.org/en/library/asset/MDE13/045/2001/en/73a8bc2a-d8ae-11dd-ad8c-f3d4445c118e/mde130452001en.html","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":55424,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:27:53.683783-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":"Text is too short (66 words)","source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Referensi","translated_text":"References","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kategori:Ateisme Kategori:Diskriminasi","translated_text":"Categories: Atheism and discrimination","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[{"text":"Di negara-negara demokrasi konstitusional, biasanya ateis tidak secara legal didiskriminasi, tetapi beberapa kelompok ateis di Amerika Serikat telah menentang hukum dan regulasi yang dianggap diskriminatif. Di beberapa negara Islam, kaum ateis menghadapi diskriminasi, seperti pembatasan status legal atau hukuman mati karena kemurtadan. Contohnya, di Iran, kaum ateis tidak diakui, dan untuk mendapatkan beberapa hak (seperti masuk ke universitas atau menjadi pengacara) harus menyatakan dirinya beragama.","translated_text":"In constitutional democracies, atheists are usually not legally discriminated against, but some atheist groups in the United States have opposed laws and regulations that are considered discriminatory. In some Islamic countries, atheists face discrimination, such as restrictions on legal status or the death penalty for apostasy. For example, in Iran, atheists are not recognized, and in order to gain certain rights (such as university admission or becoming a lawyer) they must declare themselves religious.","citations":[{"content":"{{cite web|url=http://www.fidh.org/IMG/pdf/ir0108a.pdf|title=Discrimination against religious minorities in IRAN|date=August 2003|work=Fédération Internationale des Ligues des Droits de l`Homme and the Ligue de Défense des Droits de l’Homme en Iran|accessdate=2009-03-13}}","char_index":447,"name":null,"url":"http://www.fidh.org/IMG/pdf/ir0108a.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"application/pdf","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:27:52.892118-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{cite web |url=http://www.amnesty.org/en/library/asset/MDE13/045/2001/en/73a8bc2a-d8ae-11dd-ad8c-f3d4445c118e/mde130452001en.html |title=Iran: A legal system that fails to protect freedom of expression and association |publisher=Amnesty International |accessdate=2009-03-14 |last= |first= |archive-date=2012-07-21 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120721024016/http://www.amnesty.org/en/library/asset/MDE13/045/2001/en/73a8bc2a-d8ae-11dd-ad8c-f3d4445c118e/mde130452001en.html |dead-url=yes }}","char_index":470,"name":null,"url":"http://www.amnesty.org/en/library/asset/MDE13/045/2001/en/73a8bc2a-d8ae-11dd-ad8c-f3d4445c118e/mde130452001en.html","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":146,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:27:53.356323-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":"Text is too short (3 words)","source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{cite web |url=http://www.amnesty.org/en/library/asset/MDE13/045/2001/en/73a8bc2a-d8ae-11dd-ad8c-f3d4445c118e/mde130452001en.html |title=Iran: A legal system that fails to protect freedom of expression and association |publisher=Amnesty International |accessdate=2009-03-14 |last= |first= |archive-date=2012-07-21 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120721024016/http://www.amnesty.org/en/library/asset/MDE13/045/2001/en/73a8bc2a-d8ae-11dd-ad8c-f3d4445c118e/mde130452001en.html |dead-url=yes }}","char_index":470,"name":null,"url":"https://archive.today/20120721024016/http://www.amnesty.org/en/library/asset/MDE13/045/2001/en/73a8bc2a-d8ae-11dd-ad8c-f3d4445c118e/mde130452001en.html","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":55424,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:27:53.683783-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":"Text is too short (66 words)","source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]}]} +{"title":"Monumen","wikicode":"[[Berkas:Merdeka Square Monas 02.jpg|jmpl|300px|ka|[[Monas]], [[Jakarta]], monumen kebangsaan yang merayakan kemerdekaan Indonesia.]]\n[[Berkas:Parthenon-Restoration-Nov-2005-a.jpg|jmpl|ka|200px|[[Parthenon]] dianggap sebagai simbol abadi [[Yunani Kuno]], [[demokrasi]] [[Athena]], serta lambang [[Dunia Barat|peradaban Barat]].]]\n[[Berkas:Paris 06 Eiffelturm 4828.jpg|jmpl|200px|ka|[[Menara Eiffel]] monumen terkenal di [[Paris]] yang menjadi ikon [[Prancis]].]]\n\n'''Tugu''' atau '''Monumen''' adalah jenis bangunan yang dibuat untuk memperingati seseorang atau peristiwa yang dianggap penting oleh suatu kelompok sosial sebagai bagian dari peringatan kejadian pada masa lalu. Seringkali monumen berfungsi sebagai suatu upaya untuk memperindah penampilan suatu kota atau lokasi tertentu. Beberapa [[ibu kota]] pusat pemerintahan seperti [[Washington D.C.]], [[New Delhi]], dan [[Brasília]] memang telah dirancang sedemikian rupa sehingga dibangun meliputi banyak monumen kenegaraan. Lokasi [[Monumen Washington]] dirancang untuk membentuk ruang publik yang rapi dan teratur. Bangunan fungsional yang menjadi semakin penting karena usianya, ukurannya, atau makna sejarahnya, dapat juga dianggap sebagai monumen. Dalam hal ini dapat karena ukurannya yang besar atau usianya yang tua seperti contohnya [[Tembok Besar]]. Beberapa negara menggunakan istilah \"monumen purbakala\" untuk merujuk pada situs arkeologi penting, seperti [[Borobudur]]. Atau bahkan situs purbakala yang dulunya merupakan kompleks permukiman, seperti situs [[Pompeii]].\n\nMonumen sering kali dirancang untuk memuat informasi politik bersejarah, sebagai bangunan untuk memperkuat citra keunggulan kekuatan politik, seperti [[Pilar Trajan]], atau berbagai patung [[Lenin]] di [[Uni Soviet]]. Monumen dapat berusia ribuan tahun, sebagai simbol yang bertahan lama suatu peradaban purba. [[Piramida]] [[Mesir Kuno]], [[Parthenon]] [[Yunani Kuno]], dan [[Moai]] di [[Pulau Paskah]] telah menjadi simbol dari peradaban purba tersebut. Di zaman yang lebih modern, [[Patung Liberty]] dan [[Menara Eiffel]] telah menjadi lambang negara dan kota modern. Istilah ''monumentalitas'' berkaitan dengan status simbolik dan fisik keberadaan suatu monumen.\n\n== Jenis monumen ==\n* [[Bangunan]] yang dirancang sebagai [[Markah tanah]] - contoh: [[Menara Petronas]]\n* [[Tugu peringatan]] atau memorial untuk memperingati orang yang telah meninggal dunia, seperti pahlawan atau korban perang - contoh: [[Gerbang India]]\n* [[Kuil]], [[Candi]], [[Masjid]] atau bangunan keagamaan lainnya yang memiliki fungsi ritual keagamaan - contoh: [[Borobudur]], [[Kabah]]\n* [[Pilar]] atau tiang, sering kali dimahkotai patung - contoh: [[Pilar Nelson|Pilar Nelson di London]]\n* [[Batu nisan|Nisan]] monumen kecil untuk orang yang telah meninggal dunia\n* [[Makam]] untuk orang penting - contoh: the [[Piramida Giza]] dan [[Taj Mahal]]\n* [[Monolit]] didirikan untuk keperluan peringatan dan keagamaan - contoh: [[Stonehenge]]\n* [[Obelisk]] biasanya didirikan untuk memperingati tokoh penting atau perisitiwa penting - contoh: [[Monumen Washington]], [[Monas]]\n* [[Patung]] tokoh penting atau simbol penting - contoh: [[Patung Liberty]]\n* [[Gerbang]] atau [[Pelengkung kemenangan]], biasanya dibangun untuk memperingati keberhasilan militer - contoh: [[Arc de Triomphe]]\n* Keseluruhan kawasan bekas medan perang untuk memperingati kebrutalan perang dan pertumpahan darah - contoh: [[Oradour-sur-Glane]] medan perang [[Gettysburg]] dan [[Pertempuran Sekigahara|Sekigahara]]\n* Pada kesempatan lain, monumen alam juga merujuk pada kawasan yang memiliki keindahan alam yang istimewa.\n\n== Galeri monumen terkenal dunia ==\n\n\nBerkas:Giseh 26.jpg|[[Sphinx]] dan [[Piramida Giza]], lambang abadi peradaban [[Mesir Kuno]] sejak zaman purba.\nBerkas:Taj Mahal in March 2004.jpg|[[Taj Mahal]], [[India]], dibangun oleh Kaisar [[Mughal]] [[Shah Jehan]], sebagai makam untuk isterinya, Arjumand Banu Begum.\nBerkas:Washington DC at night.jpg|[[Memorial Lincoln]], [[Monumen Washington]], dan [[Gedung Capitol]] di [[Washington D.C.]], monumen kebangsaan Amerika Serikat.\nBerkas:Statue_of_Liberty_7.jpg|[[Patung Liberty]], lambang kemerdekaan [[Amerika Serikat]].\n|[[Menara Juche]], simbol paham [[Juche]], [[Korea Utara]].\nFile:Aerial view of the Statue of Christ the Redeemer.jpg|[[Patung Kristus Penebus]] di [[Rio de Janeiro]], [[Brasil]], salah satu monumen religius tertinggi di dunia.\nBerkas:HiroshimaCenotaphDome7016.jpg|[[Monumen Perdamaian Hiroshima]] untuk mengenang korban [[Serangan bom atom di Hiroshima dan Nagasaki|Pengeboman bom atom 6 Agustus 1945]].\nBerkas:INDIES MEMORIAL MONUMENT-003.jpg|[[Monumen Hindia]] di [[Den Haag]] untuk memperingati korban dari pihak Belanda selama [[Perang Dunia II]] di [[Hindia Belanda]].\nBerkas:Srebrenica massacre memorial gravestones 2009 3.jpg|Makam di Monumen Genosida Srebenica, mengenang korban [[Pembantaian Srebrenica]] 1995.\n\n\n== Referensi ==\n{{reflist}}\n\n== Pranala luar ==\n{{commonscat|Monuments and memorials}}\n* [http://pmsa.cch.kcl.ac.uk/index.htm Website of Monuments and Sculptures in UK] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070217001941/http://pmsa.cch.kcl.ac.uk/index.htm |date=2007-02-17 }}\n* [http://www.kamat.com/indica/monuments/index.htm Monuments of India at kamat.com]\n\n[[Kategori:Monumen| ]]\n[[Kategori:Arsitektur lanskap]]","hash":"a6497f85b9f0c9b283ef4c43b6f7cf195d8e8571688eeae6a245dd0167194e6b","last_revision":"2023-05-28T14:50:41Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T16:18:22Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:03.107123","cross_lingual_links":{"af":"Monument","als":"Denkmal","ar":"معلم تذكاري","ast":"Monumentu","az":"Abidə","azb":"عابیده","bcl":"Monumento","be":"Помнік","bg":"Паметник","br":"Monumant","ca":"Monument","ckb":"یادپەیکەر","cs":"Pomník","cv":"Палăк","cy":"Cofadeilad","da":"Monument","de":"Denkmal (Gedenken)","el":"Μνημείο","en":"Monument","eo":"Monumento","es":"Monumento","et":"Mälestusmärk","eu":"Monumentu","fa":"یادمان","fi":"Monumentti","fr":"Monument","gl":"Monumento","gn":"Ta'ãnga'ita","he":"מונומנט","hi":"स्मारक","hr":"Spomenik","hy":"Հուշարձան","hyw":"Յուշարձան","ia":"Monumento","inh":"Сийлинг","io":"Monumento","it":"Monumento","ja":"モニュメント","jv":"Monumèn","kk":"Ескерткіш","kn":"ಸ್ಮಾರಕ","ko":"기념건축물","ky":"Эстелик","la":"Monumentum","lt":"Paminklas","lv":"Piemineklis","mhr":"Чапкӱ","mr":"स्मारक","mrj":"Ӓштемик","ms":"Monumen","mt":"Monument","nl":"Monument (gedenkteken)","nn":"Monument","nb":"Monument","pa":"ਸਮਾਰਕ","pap":"Monumento (konmemorativo)","pl":"Pomnik","pt":"Monumento","ro":"Monument","ru":"Памятник","sco":"Monument","sh":"Spomenik","simple":"Monument","sl":"Spomenik","sq":"Monumenti","sr":"Споменик","sv":"Minnesmärke","ta":"நினைவுச் சின்னம்","tg":"Ёдгорӣ","th":"อนุสรณ์สถาน","tr":"Anıt","tt":"Һәйкәл","uk":"Пам'ятник","uz":"Monument","vec":"Monumento","vi":"Di tích","war":"Monumento","wuu":"纪念建筑物","yi":"מאנומענט","zh":"紀念建築物","zh-yue":"紀念建築物"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:49.578424","text":"Tugu atau Monumen adalah jenis bangunan yang dibuat untuk memperingati seseorang atau peristiwa yang dianggap penting oleh suatu kelompok sosial sebagai bagian dari peringatan kejadian pada masa lalu. Seringkali monumen berfungsi sebagai suatu upaya untuk memperindah penampilan suatu kota atau lokasi tertentu. Beberapa ibu kota pusat pemerintahan seperti Washington D.C., New Delhi, dan Brasília memang telah dirancang sedemikian rupa sehingga dibangun meliputi banyak monumen kenegaraan. Lokasi Monumen Washington dirancang untuk membentuk ruang publik yang rapi dan teratur. Bangunan fungsional yang menjadi semakin penting karena usianya, ukurannya, atau makna sejarahnya, dapat juga dianggap sebagai monumen. Dalam hal ini dapat karena ukurannya yang besar atau usianya yang tua seperti contohnya Tembok Besar. Beberapa negara menggunakan istilah \"monumen purbakala\" untuk merujuk pada situs arkeologi penting, seperti Borobudur. Atau bahkan situs purbakala yang dulunya merupakan kompleks permukiman, seperti situs Pompeii.\n\nMonumen sering kali dirancang untuk memuat informasi politik bersejarah, sebagai bangunan untuk memperkuat citra keunggulan kekuatan politik, seperti Pilar Trajan, atau berbagai patung Lenin di Uni Soviet. Monumen dapat berusia ribuan tahun, sebagai simbol yang bertahan lama suatu peradaban purba. Piramida Mesir Kuno, Parthenon Yunani Kuno, dan Moai di Pulau Paskah telah menjadi simbol dari peradaban purba tersebut. Di zaman yang lebih modern, Patung Liberty dan Menara Eiffel telah menjadi lambang negara dan kota modern. Istilah monumentalitas berkaitan dengan status simbolik dan fisik keberadaan suatu monumen.\n\nBangunan yang dirancang sebagai Markah tanah - contoh: Menara Petronas Tugu peringatan atau memorial untuk memperingati orang yang telah meninggal dunia, seperti pahlawan atau korban perang - contoh: Gerbang India Kuil, Candi, Masjid atau bangunan keagamaan lainnya yang memiliki fungsi ritual keagamaan - contoh: Borobudur, Kabah Pilar atau tiang, sering kali dimahkotai patung - contoh: Pilar Nelson di London Nisan monumen kecil untuk orang yang telah meninggal dunia Makam untuk orang penting - contoh: the Piramida Giza dan Taj Mahal Monolit didirikan untuk keperluan peringatan dan keagamaan - contoh: Stonehenge Obelisk biasanya didirikan untuk memperingati tokoh penting atau perisitiwa penting - contoh: Monumen Washington, Monas Patung tokoh penting atau simbol penting - contoh: Patung Liberty Gerbang atau Pelengkung kemenangan, biasanya dibangun untuk memperingati keberhasilan militer - contoh: Arc de Triomphe Keseluruhan kawasan bekas medan perang untuk memperingati kebrutalan perang dan pertumpahan darah - contoh: Oradour-sur-Glane medan perang Gettysburg dan Sekigahara Pada kesempatan lain, monumen alam juga merujuk pada kawasan yang memiliki keindahan alam yang istimewa.\n\nWebsite of Monuments and Sculptures in UK Monuments of India at kamat.com\n\nKategori:Monumen Kategori:Arsitektur lanskap\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Tugu atau Monumen adalah jenis bangunan yang dibuat untuk memperingati seseorang atau peristiwa yang dianggap penting oleh suatu kelompok sosial sebagai bagian dari peringatan kejadian pada masa lalu.","translated_text":"A monument or monument is a type of building made to commemorate a person or event that is considered important by a social group as part of a memorial to an event in the past.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Seringkali monumen berfungsi sebagai suatu upaya untuk memperindah penampilan suatu kota atau lokasi tertentu.","translated_text":"Monuments often serve as an attempt to beautify the appearance of a particular city or location.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Beberapa ibu kota pusat pemerintahan seperti Washington D.C., New Delhi, dan Brasília memang telah dirancang sedemikian rupa sehingga dibangun meliputi banyak monumen kenegaraan.","translated_text":"Some central government capitals such as Washington, D.C., New Delhi, and Brasília have been designed in such a way that many state monuments have been built.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Lokasi Monumen Washington dirancang untuk membentuk ruang publik yang rapi dan teratur.","translated_text":"The location of the Washington Monument was designed to form a neat and organized public space.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Bangunan fungsional yang menjadi semakin penting karena usianya, ukurannya, atau makna sejarahnya, dapat juga dianggap sebagai monumen.","translated_text":"Functional buildings that are becoming increasingly important because of their age, size, or historical significance can also be considered monuments.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Dalam hal ini dapat karena ukurannya yang besar atau usianya yang tua seperti contohnya Tembok Besar.","translated_text":"In this case it could be because of its large size or its age, such as the Great Wall.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Beberapa negara menggunakan istilah \"monumen purbakala\" untuk merujuk pada situs arkeologi penting, seperti Borobudur.","translated_text":"Some countries use the term \"ancient monument\" to refer to important archaeological sites, such as Borobudur.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Atau bahkan situs purbakala yang dulunya merupakan kompleks permukiman, seperti situs Pompeii.","translated_text":"Or even an ancient site that used to be a settlement complex, like the site of Pompeii.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Monumen sering kali dirancang untuk memuat informasi politik bersejarah, sebagai bangunan untuk memperkuat citra keunggulan kekuatan politik, seperti Pilar Trajan, atau berbagai patung Lenin di Uni Soviet.","translated_text":"Monuments were often designed to contain historical political information, as buildings to reinforce the image of the superiority of political powers, such as the Trajan Pillars, or various statues of Lenin in the Soviet Union.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Monumen dapat berusia ribuan tahun, sebagai simbol yang bertahan lama suatu peradaban purba.","translated_text":"Monuments can be thousands of years old, as a long-standing symbol of an ancient civilization.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Piramida Mesir Kuno, Parthenon Yunani Kuno, dan Moai di Pulau Paskah telah menjadi simbol dari peradaban purba tersebut.","translated_text":"The Ancient Egyptian pyramids, the Ancient Greek Parthenon, and the Moai on Easter Island have been symbols of such ancient civilizations.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Di zaman yang lebih modern, Patung Liberty dan Menara Eiffel telah menjadi lambang negara dan kota modern.","translated_text":"In more modern times, the Statue of Liberty and the Eiffel Tower have become symbols of modern countries and cities.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Istilah monumentalitas berkaitan dengan status simbolik dan fisik keberadaan suatu monumen.","translated_text":"The term monumentality relates to the symbolic and physical status of the existence of a monument.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Jenis monumen","translated_text":"Types of monuments","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Bangunan yang dirancang sebagai Markah tanah - contoh: Menara Petronas Tugu peringatan atau memorial untuk memperingati orang yang telah meninggal dunia, seperti pahlawan atau korban perang - contoh: Gerbang India Kuil, Candi, Masjid atau bangunan keagamaan lainnya yang memiliki fungsi ritual keagamaan - contoh: Borobudur, Kabah Pilar atau tiang, sering kali dimahkotai patung - contoh: Pilar Nelson di London Nisan monumen kecil untuk orang yang telah meninggal dunia Makam untuk orang penting - contoh: the Piramida Giza dan Taj Mahal Monolit didirikan untuk keperluan peringatan dan keagamaan - contoh: Stonehenge Obelisk biasanya didirikan untuk memperingati tokoh penting atau perisitiwa penting - contoh: Monumen Washington, Monas Patung tokoh penting atau simbol penting - contoh: Patung Liberty Gerbang atau Pelengkung kemenangan, biasanya dibangun untuk memperingati keberhasilan militer - contoh: Arc de Triomphe Keseluruhan kawasan bekas medan perang untuk memperingati kebrutalan perang dan pertumpahan darah - contoh: Oradour-sur-Glane medan perang Gettysburg dan Sekigahara Pada kesempatan lain, monumen alam juga merujuk pada kawasan yang memiliki keindahan alam yang istimewa.","translated_text":"Buildings designed as landmarks - examples: Petronas Towers Monuments or memorials to commemorate those who have died, such as heroes or war victims - examples: Indian Gate Temples, temples, mosques or other religious buildings that have religious ritual functions - examples: Borobudur, Pillar Columns or pillars, often decorated with statues - examples: Nelson's Pillar in London Nisan Small monuments to the deceased Tombs for important people - examples: the Pyramids of Giza and the Taj Mahal Monoliths were erected for the purpose of commemoration and to the former - examples: Stonehenge Obelisk is usually erected for important figures or important war memorials - examples: Washington Monuments, examples of Statues of important or special figures examples - examples: Statue of Liberty and other important symbols - examples of the achievements of natural history and victory, built on military grounds - examples: the Battle of the Arc de Triomphe and the Battle of Gettysburg Monuments - examples that refer to the battlefields of Sunderland","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Galeri monumen terkenal dunia","translated_text":"The world famous monument gallery","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"heading","text":"Referensi","translated_text":"References","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"heading","text":"Pranala luar","translated_text":"External connections","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Website of Monuments and Sculptures in UK Monuments of India at kamat.com","translated_text":"Website of Monuments and Sculptures in UK Monuments of India at kamat.com","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[{"content":"{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070217001941/http://pmsa.cch.kcl.ac.uk/index.htm |date=2007-02-17 }}","char_index":42,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20070217001941/http://pmsa.cch.kcl.ac.uk/index.htm","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:27:54.840652-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kategori:Monumen Kategori:Arsitektur lanskap","translated_text":"Categories: Monuments and memorials Category:Landscape architecture","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[{"text":"Website of Monuments and Sculptures in UK Monuments of India at kamat.com","translated_text":"Website of Monuments and Sculptures in UK Monuments of India at kamat.com","citations":[{"content":"{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070217001941/http://pmsa.cch.kcl.ac.uk/index.htm |date=2007-02-17 }}","char_index":42,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20070217001941/http://pmsa.cch.kcl.ac.uk/index.htm","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:27:54.840652-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]}]} +{"title":"Sekolah Kristen Immanuel Pontianak","wikicode":"{{Infobox Sekolah\n| nama = Sekolah Kristen Immanuel\n| nama_asli = \n| nama_latin = \n| gambar =\n| didirikan = [[1948]]\n| tipe = Sekolah Kristen\n| akreditasi = \n| motto = ''Cerdas, Bijak, Bertanggung Jawab''\n| maskot = \n| rektor = \n| kepsek = \n| pamong = \n| moderator = \n| kelas = \n| jurusan = \n| rentang kelas = TK, SD, SMP, SMA, SMK\n| kurikulum = \n| murid = ±6000 siswa\n| status = [[Swasta]]\n| lonem = \n| hinem = \n| avgnem = \n| alamat = Jalan Letnan Jenderal Sutoyo, Komplek Sutoyo Indah, Kelurahan Parit Tokaya, Kecamatan Pontianak Selatan\n| kota = [[Kota Pontianak]]\n| provinsi = [[Kalimantan Barat]]\n| negara = {{flagicon|Indonesia}} [[Indonesia]]\n| telp = \n| koordinat = \n| situs web = [https://ski.sch.id ski.sch.id]\n| kampus = \n| alumni = \n| catatan = \n}}\n\n'''Sekolah Kristen Immanuel''' (disingkat sebagai '''SKI''') adalah Sekolah Kristen yang terletak di Kota [[Pontianak]], [[Kalimantan Barat]]. '''SKI''' yang berada di bawah naungan Yayasan Gereja Protestan Kampung Bali Pontianak memiliki jenjang pendidikan mulai dari [[Taman kanak-kanak]] hingga [[SMA]], antara lain:\n* [[TK Kristen Immanuel Pontianak]]\n* [[SD Kristen Immanuel Pontianak]]\n* [[SMP Kristen Immanuel Pontianak]]\n* [[SMA Kristen Immanuel Pontianak]]\n* [[SMK Kristen Immanuel Pontianak]]\n\n== Sejarah ==\n\nPada tahun 1948, berdirilah sekolah “Lok Yok” (yang berarti “sukacita”) yang berbahasa Tionghoa, di dalam kompleks [[Gereja Kristen Kalimantan Barat]] (GKKB) Jemaat Pontianak. Pada tahun 1953, dibentuklah Yayasan Gereja Protestan Kampung Bali dengan akta yayasan No. 8 tanggal 18 September 1953. Yayasan ini dibentuk dengan tujuan untuk mengelola aset gereja agar dapat berjalan dengan baik, termasuk di dalamnya adalah sekolah “Lok Yok”. Pada perkembangan selanjutnya Sekolah Tionghoa “Lok Yok” berubah nama menjadi SD Swasta Protestan - yang merupakan sekolah nasional berbahasa Indonesia.\n\nPada tanggal 1 Juli 1979, SD Swasta Protestan resmi berganti nama menjadi SD Kristen Immanuel, yang dipakai sampai dengan hari ini. Pada tahun 1976, Sekolah Kristen Immanuel menambah unit baru yaitu TK Kristen Immanuel dengan izin operasional No. 040/Kep/1976, dahulu bertempat di Kompleks SD Kristen Immanuel, kemudian pada tahun 1980, dibangun Gedung TK di di Jl. Gajahmada No. 250, tepat di samping Gedung GKKB Jemaat Pontianak. Pada tahun 1979, SKI juga menambah unit sekolah baru yakni unit [[SMP Kristen Immanuel]], dengan surat izin operasional No. 531/I.14RI/1979. Pada mulanya SMP ini memakai lokasi yang sama dengan SD, dan baru pindah ke lokasi sekarang di Jl. Letjen Sutoyo pada tahun 1987.\n\nSeiring dengan berjalannya waktu, SKI terus berkembang pesat sehingga saat ini sudah memiliki 9 unit sekolah, yaitu 2 unit TK, 2 unit SD, 2 unit SMP, 2 unit SMK dan 1 unit SMA ditambah dengan 3 unit Immanuel Bilingual Class (IBC) yang terdiri dari SD IBC, SMP IBC, dan SMA IBC; dengan jumlah murid saat ini lebih dari 6000 jiwa.{{Cite web |url=https://ski.sch.id/id/index.php/info |title=Sejarah Sekolah Kristen Immanuel |access-date=2017-04-07 |archive-date=2017-08-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170810123208/http://ski.sch.id/id/index.php/info |dead-url=yes }}\n\n== Semboyan ==\n\n'''Cerdas, Bijak, Bertanggung Jawab'''\n\n== Filosofi ==\n\n* Alkitab sebagai Firman Allah merupakan dasar pengajaran SKI.\n* Manusia sebagai ciptaan menurut rupa dan gambar Allah memiliki potensi untuk berkembang, namun karena kejatuhannya dalam dosa mengakibatkan kelemahan yang perlu disadari dan diperbaiki.\n* Peningkatan kemampuan siswa mengacu pada 4 kemampuan dasar:\n# Membaca dengan lancar disertai pemahaman dan daya analitis.\n# Menulis dengan jelas dan yakin.\n# Berbicara dengan fasih.\n# Menghitung dengan cepat dan tepat.\n* Proses belajar mengajar SKI dilakukan sesuai dengan tahap perkembangan siswa seutuhnya.{{Cite web |url=https://ski.sch.id/id/index.php/info/visi-misi-ski |title=Filosofi Sekolah Kristen Immanuel |access-date=2017-04-07 |archive-date=2017-08-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170810123859/http://ski.sch.id/id/index.php/info/visi-misi-ski |dead-url=yes }}\n\n== Referensi ==\n{{reflist|refs=\n[https://ski.sch.id/id/index.php/info Sejarah Sekolah Kristen Immanuel]\n[https://ski.sch.id/id/index.php/info/visi-misi-ski Filosofi Sekolah Kristen Immanuel]\n}}\n\n== Pranala luar ==\n* [https://ski.sch.id Situs resmi Sekolah Kristen Immanuel Pontianak]\n* [https://ski.sch.id/id/index.php/info/visi-misi-ski Semboyan, Visi, Misi, dan Filosofi SKI] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170810123859/http://ski.sch.id/id/index.php/info/visi-misi-ski |date=2017-08-10 }}\n\n[[Kategori:Lembaga pendidikan Kristen di Kalimantan Barat]]\n[[Kategori:Lembaga pendidikan Kristen]]\n[[Kategori:Taman kanak-kanak]]\n[[Kategori:Sekolah dasar]]\n[[Kategori:Sekolah menengah pertama]]\n[[Kategori:Sekolah menengah atas]]\n[[Kategori:Sekolah menengah kejuruan]]\n\n\n{{sekolah-stub}}","hash":"996338da83f1bc63b0744b0169581fbcd67634b12270930570039154e1d65cae","last_revision":"2023-05-05T03:49:05Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T16:30:07Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:03.161994","cross_lingual_links":{"arz":"مدرسة عمانوئيل المسيحيه (مدرسه فى اندونيسيا)","en":"Immanuel Christian School (Pontianak)","ko":"임마누엘학교","zh":"以馬內利學校"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:49.578424","text":"Sekolah Kristen Immanuel (disingkat sebagai SKI) adalah Sekolah Kristen yang terletak di Kota Pontianak, Kalimantan Barat. SKI yang berada di bawah naungan Yayasan Gereja Protestan Kampung Bali Pontianak memiliki jenjang pendidikan mulai dari Taman kanak-kanak hingga SMA, antara lain: TK Kristen Immanuel Pontianak SD Kristen Immanuel Pontianak SMP Kristen Immanuel Pontianak SMA Kristen Immanuel Pontianak SMK Kristen Immanuel Pontianak\n\nPada tahun 1948, berdirilah sekolah \"Lok Yok\" (yang berarti \"sukacita\") yang berbahasa Tionghoa, di dalam kompleks Gereja Kristen Kalimantan Barat (GKKB) Jemaat Pontianak. Pada tahun 1953, dibentuklah Yayasan Gereja Protestan Kampung Bali dengan akta yayasan No. 8 tanggal 18 September 1953. Yayasan ini dibentuk dengan tujuan untuk mengelola aset gereja agar dapat berjalan dengan baik, termasuk di dalamnya adalah sekolah \"Lok Yok\". Pada perkembangan selanjutnya Sekolah Tionghoa \"Lok Yok\" berubah nama menjadi SD Swasta Protestan - yang merupakan sekolah nasional berbahasa Indonesia.\n\nPada tanggal 1 Juli 1979, SD Swasta Protestan resmi berganti nama menjadi SD Kristen Immanuel, yang dipakai sampai dengan hari ini. Pada tahun 1976, Sekolah Kristen Immanuel menambah unit baru yaitu TK Kristen Immanuel dengan izin operasional No. 040/Kep/1976, dahulu bertempat di Kompleks SD Kristen Immanuel, kemudian pada tahun 1980, dibangun Gedung TK di di Jl. Gajahmada No. 250, tepat di samping Gedung GKKB Jemaat Pontianak. Pada tahun 1979, SKI juga menambah unit sekolah baru yakni unit SMP Kristen Immanuel, dengan surat izin operasional No. 531/I.14RI/1979. Pada mulanya SMP ini memakai lokasi yang sama dengan SD, dan baru pindah ke lokasi sekarang di Jl. Letjen Sutoyo pada tahun 1987.\n\nSeiring dengan berjalannya waktu, SKI terus berkembang pesat sehingga saat ini sudah memiliki 9 unit sekolah, yaitu 2 unit TK, 2 unit SD, 2 unit SMP, 2 unit SMK dan 1 unit SMA ditambah dengan 3 unit Immanuel Bilingual Class (IBC) yang terdiri dari SD IBC, SMP IBC, dan SMA IBC; dengan jumlah murid saat ini lebih dari 6000 jiwa.\n\nCerdas, Bijak, Bertanggung Jawab\n\nAlkitab sebagai Firman Allah merupakan dasar pengajaran SKI. Manusia sebagai ciptaan menurut rupa dan gambar Allah memiliki potensi untuk berkembang, namun karena kejatuhannya dalam dosa mengakibatkan kelemahan yang perlu disadari dan diperbaiki. Peningkatan kemampuan siswa mengacu pada 4 kemampuan dasar: Membaca dengan lancar disertai pemahaman dan daya analitis. Menulis dengan jelas dan yakin. Berbicara dengan fasih. Menghitung dengan cepat dan tepat. Proses belajar mengajar SKI dilakukan sesuai dengan tahap perkembangan siswa seutuhnya.\n\nSitus resmi Sekolah Kristen Immanuel Pontianak Semboyan, Visi, Misi, dan Filosofi SKI\n\nKategori:Lembaga pendidikan Kristen di Kalimantan Barat Kategori:Lembaga pendidikan Kristen Kategori:Taman kanak-kanak Kategori:Sekolah dasar Kategori:Sekolah menengah pertama Kategori:Sekolah menengah atas Kategori:Sekolah menengah kejuruan\n","elements":[{"type":"infobox","content":"{{Infobox Sekolah\n| nama = Sekolah Kristen Immanuel\n| nama_asli = \n| nama_latin = \n| gambar =\n| didirikan = [[1948]]\n| tipe = Sekolah Kristen\n| akreditasi = \n| motto = ''Cerdas, Bijak, Bertanggung Jawab''\n| maskot = \n| rektor = \n| kepsek = \n| pamong = \n| moderator = \n| kelas = \n| jurusan = \n| rentang kelas = TK, SD, SMP, SMA, SMK\n| kurikulum = \n| murid = ±6000 siswa\n| status = [[Swasta]]\n| lonem = \n| hinem = \n| avgnem = \n| alamat = Jalan Letnan Jenderal Sutoyo, Komplek Sutoyo Indah, Kelurahan Parit Tokaya, Kecamatan Pontianak Selatan\n| kota = [[Kota Pontianak]]\n| provinsi = [[Kalimantan Barat]]\n| negara = {{flagicon|Indonesia}} [[Indonesia]]\n| telp = \n| koordinat = \n| situs web = [https://ski.sch.id ski.sch.id]\n| kampus = \n| alumni = \n| catatan = \n}}"},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Sekolah Kristen Immanuel (disingkat sebagai SKI) adalah Sekolah Kristen yang terletak di Kota Pontianak, Kalimantan Barat.","translated_text":"Immanuel Christian School (abbreviated as SKI) is a Christian School located in Pontianak City, West Kalimantan.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"SKI yang berada di bawah naungan Yayasan Gereja Protestan Kampung Bali Pontianak memiliki jenjang pendidikan mulai dari Taman kanak-kanak hingga SMA, antara lain: TK Kristen Immanuel Pontianak SD Kristen Immanuel Pontianak SMP Kristen Immanuel Pontianak SMA Kristen Immanuel Pontianak SMK Kristen Immanuel Pontianak","translated_text":"SKI which is under the auspices of the Protestant Church Foundation of the Pontianak Village of Bali has educational programs ranging from Kindergarten to High School, including: Immanuel Pontianak Christian Elementary School Immanuel Pontianak Christian High School Immanuel Pontianak Christian High School Immanuel Pontianak Christian High School Immanuel Pontianak Christian High School Immanuel Pontianak","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Sejarah","translated_text":"The history","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Pada tahun 1948, berdirilah sekolah \"Lok Yok\" (yang berarti \"sukacita\") yang berbahasa Tionghoa, di dalam kompleks Gereja Kristen Kalimantan Barat (GKKB) Jemaat Pontianak.","translated_text":"In 1948, a Chinese-language \"Lok Yok\" (meaning \"joy\") school was established within the West Kalimantan Christian Church (WCC) complex of the Pontianak Congregation.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pada tahun 1953, dibentuklah Yayasan Gereja Protestan Kampung Bali dengan akta yayasan No. 8 tanggal 18 September 1953.","translated_text":"In 1953, the Kampung Bali Protestant Church Foundation was formed by foundation act No. 8 dated September 18, 1953.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Yayasan ini dibentuk dengan tujuan untuk mengelola aset gereja agar dapat berjalan dengan baik, termasuk di dalamnya adalah sekolah \"Lok Yok\".","translated_text":"The foundation was formed with the aim of managing the assets of the church in order to run well, including the \"Lok Yok\" school.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pada perkembangan selanjutnya Sekolah Tionghoa \"Lok Yok\" berubah nama menjadi SD Swasta Protestan - yang merupakan sekolah nasional berbahasa Indonesia.","translated_text":"In further development the Chinese School \"Lok Yok\" changed its name to the Protestant Private Primary School - which is an Indonesian-speaking national school.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Pada tanggal 1 Juli 1979, SD Swasta Protestan resmi berganti nama menjadi SD Kristen Immanuel, yang dipakai sampai dengan hari ini.","translated_text":"On July 1, 1979, the Protestant Private School officially changed its name to Immanuel Christian School, which is still in use today.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pada tahun 1976, Sekolah Kristen Immanuel menambah unit baru yaitu TK Kristen Immanuel dengan izin operasional No. 040/Kep/1976, dahulu bertempat di Kompleks SD Kristen Immanuel, kemudian pada tahun 1980, dibangun Gedung TK di di Jl. Gajahmada No. 250, tepat di samping Gedung GKKB Jemaat Pontianak.","translated_text":"In 1976, the Immanuel Christian School added a new unit of Immanuel Christian School with operational permission No. 040/Kep/1976, formerly housed in the Immanuel Christian School Complex, then in 1980, the TK Building was built at Jl. Gajahmada No. 250, right next to the GKKB Building of the Pontianak Congregation.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pada tahun 1979, SKI juga menambah unit sekolah baru yakni unit SMP Kristen Immanuel, dengan surat izin operasional No. 531/I.14RI/1979.","translated_text":"In 1979, SKI also added a new school unit, the Christian Immanuel High School unit, with operational permit No. 531/I.14RI/1979.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pada mulanya SMP ini memakai lokasi yang sama dengan SD, dan baru pindah ke lokasi sekarang di Jl. Letjen Sutoyo pada tahun 1987.","translated_text":"Initially the high school used the same location as the middle school, and only moved to its current location at Jl. Lieutenant Sutoyo in 1987.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Seiring dengan berjalannya waktu, SKI terus berkembang pesat sehingga saat ini sudah memiliki 9 unit sekolah, yaitu 2 unit TK, 2 unit SD, 2 unit SMP, 2 unit SMK dan 1 unit SMA ditambah dengan 3 unit Immanuel Bilingual Class (IBC) yang terdiri dari SD IBC, SMP IBC, dan SMA IBC; dengan jumlah murid saat ini lebih dari 6000 jiwa.","translated_text":"Over time, SKI has continued to grow so rapidly that it now has 9 school units, namely 2 kindergarten units, 2 primary schools, 2 secondary schools, 2 secondary schools and 1 secondary school unit plus 3 Immanuel Bilingual Class (IBC) units consisting of IBC primary schools, IBC secondary schools, and IBC secondary schools; with a current student population of over 6000.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[{"content":"{{Cite web |url=https://ski.sch.id/id/index.php/info |title=Sejarah Sekolah Kristen Immanuel |access-date=2017-04-07 |archive-date=2017-08-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170810123208/http://ski.sch.id/id/index.php/info |dead-url=yes }}","char_index":328,"name":"sejarah","url":"https://ski.sch.id/id/index.php/info","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:27:58.006085-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{Cite web |url=https://ski.sch.id/id/index.php/info |title=Sejarah Sekolah Kristen Immanuel |access-date=2017-04-07 |archive-date=2017-08-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170810123208/http://ski.sch.id/id/index.php/info |dead-url=yes }}","char_index":328,"name":"sejarah","url":"https://ski.sch.id/id/index.php/info","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:27:58.006085-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Semboyan","translated_text":"The Semboyan","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Cerdas, Bijak, Bertanggung Jawab","translated_text":"Smart, wise, responsible","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Filosofi","translated_text":"Philosophy","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Alkitab sebagai Firman Allah merupakan dasar pengajaran SKI.","translated_text":"The Bible as God's Word is the foundation of SKI's teaching.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Manusia sebagai ciptaan menurut rupa dan gambar Allah memiliki potensi untuk berkembang, namun karena kejatuhannya dalam dosa mengakibatkan kelemahan yang perlu disadari dan diperbaiki.","translated_text":"Man as a creature in God's image and likeness has the potential to flourish, but his fall into sin results in weaknesses that need to be recognized and corrected.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Peningkatan kemampuan siswa mengacu pada 4 kemampuan dasar: Membaca dengan lancar disertai pemahaman dan daya analitis.","translated_text":"The improvement of students' abilities refers to four basic abilities: Reading fluently coupled with comprehension and analytical power.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Menulis dengan jelas dan yakin.","translated_text":"Write clearly and confidently.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Berbicara dengan fasih.","translated_text":"Speak plainly.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Menghitung dengan cepat dan tepat.","translated_text":"Calculate quickly and accurately.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Proses belajar mengajar SKI dilakukan sesuai dengan tahap perkembangan siswa seutuhnya.","translated_text":"The learning process of teaching SKI is carried out according to the developmental stage of the student as a whole.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[{"content":"{{Cite web |url=https://ski.sch.id/id/index.php/info/visi-misi-ski |title=Filosofi Sekolah Kristen Immanuel |access-date=2017-04-07 |archive-date=2017-08-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170810123859/http://ski.sch.id/id/index.php/info/visi-misi-ski |dead-url=yes }}","char_index":87,"name":"filosofi","url":"https://ski.sch.id/id/index.php/info/visi-misi-ski","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:08.060430-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{Cite web |url=https://ski.sch.id/id/index.php/info/visi-misi-ski |title=Filosofi Sekolah Kristen Immanuel |access-date=2017-04-07 |archive-date=2017-08-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170810123859/http://ski.sch.id/id/index.php/info/visi-misi-ski |dead-url=yes }}","char_index":87,"name":"filosofi","url":"https://ski.sch.id/id/index.php/info/visi-misi-ski","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:08.060430-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Referensi","translated_text":"References","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"heading","text":"Pranala luar","translated_text":"External connections","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Situs resmi Sekolah Kristen Immanuel Pontianak Semboyan, Visi, Misi, dan Filosofi SKI","translated_text":"The official website of the Christian School Immanuel Pontianak Semboyan, Vision, Mission and Philosophy of SKI","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170810123859/http://ski.sch.id/id/index.php/info/visi-misi-ski |date=2017-08-10 }}","char_index":85,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20170810123859/http://ski.sch.id/id/index.php/info/visi-misi-ski","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:18.088139-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kategori:Lembaga pendidikan Kristen di Kalimantan Barat Kategori:Lembaga pendidikan Kristen Kategori:Taman kanak-kanak Kategori:Sekolah dasar Kategori:Sekolah menengah pertama Kategori:Sekolah menengah atas Kategori:Sekolah menengah kejuruan","translated_text":"Categories:Christian schools in West Kalimantan Categories:Christian schools Categories:Children's gardens Categories:Primary school Categories:Middle school Categories:High school Categories: Vocational secondary school","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[{"text":"Seiring dengan berjalannya waktu, SKI terus berkembang pesat sehingga saat ini sudah memiliki 9 unit sekolah, yaitu 2 unit TK, 2 unit SD, 2 unit SMP, 2 unit SMK dan 1 unit SMA ditambah dengan 3 unit Immanuel Bilingual Class (IBC) yang terdiri dari SD IBC, SMP IBC, dan SMA IBC; dengan jumlah murid saat ini lebih dari 6000 jiwa.","translated_text":"Over time, SKI has continued to grow so rapidly that it now has 9 school units, namely 2 kindergarten units, 2 primary schools, 2 secondary schools, 2 secondary schools and 1 secondary school unit plus 3 Immanuel Bilingual Class (IBC) units consisting of IBC primary schools, IBC secondary schools, and IBC secondary schools; with a current student population of over 6000.","citations":[{"content":"{{Cite web |url=https://ski.sch.id/id/index.php/info |title=Sejarah Sekolah Kristen Immanuel |access-date=2017-04-07 |archive-date=2017-08-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170810123208/http://ski.sch.id/id/index.php/info |dead-url=yes }}","char_index":328,"name":"sejarah","url":"https://ski.sch.id/id/index.php/info","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:27:58.006085-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{Cite web |url=https://ski.sch.id/id/index.php/info |title=Sejarah Sekolah Kristen Immanuel |access-date=2017-04-07 |archive-date=2017-08-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170810123208/http://ski.sch.id/id/index.php/info |dead-url=yes }}","char_index":328,"name":"sejarah","url":"https://ski.sch.id/id/index.php/info","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:27:58.006085-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Berbicara dengan fasih. Menghitung dengan cepat dan tepat. Proses belajar mengajar SKI dilakukan sesuai dengan tahap perkembangan siswa seutuhnya.","translated_text":"Speak plainly. Calculate quickly and accurately. The learning process of teaching SKI is carried out according to the developmental stage of the student as a whole.","citations":[{"content":"{{Cite web |url=https://ski.sch.id/id/index.php/info/visi-misi-ski |title=Filosofi Sekolah Kristen Immanuel |access-date=2017-04-07 |archive-date=2017-08-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170810123859/http://ski.sch.id/id/index.php/info/visi-misi-ski |dead-url=yes }}","char_index":146,"name":"filosofi","url":"https://ski.sch.id/id/index.php/info/visi-misi-ski","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:08.060430-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{Cite web |url=https://ski.sch.id/id/index.php/info/visi-misi-ski |title=Filosofi Sekolah Kristen Immanuel |access-date=2017-04-07 |archive-date=2017-08-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170810123859/http://ski.sch.id/id/index.php/info/visi-misi-ski |dead-url=yes }}","char_index":146,"name":"filosofi","url":"https://ski.sch.id/id/index.php/info/visi-misi-ski","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:08.060430-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Situs resmi Sekolah Kristen Immanuel Pontianak Semboyan, Visi, Misi, dan Filosofi SKI","translated_text":"The official website of the Christian School Immanuel Pontianak Semboyan, Vision, Mission and Philosophy of SKI","citations":[{"content":"{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170810123859/http://ski.sch.id/id/index.php/info/visi-misi-ski |date=2017-08-10 }}","char_index":85,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20170810123859/http://ski.sch.id/id/index.php/info/visi-misi-ski","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:18.088139-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]}]} +{"title":"Templat:Berkenalan dengan Wikipedia","wikicode":"Digunakan untuk [[Wikipedia: Pengantar]]\n
\n
1. [[Wikipedia:Pengantar|Pengantar]]
\n
2. [[Wikipedia:Pengantar 2|Belajar lebih lanjut mengenai penyuntingan]]
\n
3. [[Wikipedia:Pengantar 3|Menjelajahi Wikipedia]]
\n
__NOEDITSECTION__\n
\n
\n\nAnda melihat tulisan '''\"sunting\"''' di atas? Ya, di Wikipedia, Anda dapat '''menyunting (mengedit) halaman ini saat ini juga''', '''jika sudah''' masuk log (''log in'').\n\n== Apa itu Wikipedia? ==\n[[Berkas:Sunting-halaman-ini.png|ka|jmpl|250px|alt=Image of Wikipedia showing the edit link above the page title. Screen readers may show this under the \"views\" heading.|Klik \"Sunting\" untuk mengubah isi sebuah artikel]]\n[[Berkas:Tutorial_Menyunting_di_Wikipedia_Bahasa_Indonesia.webm|jmpl|300px|Tutorial Menyunting di Wikipedia Bahasa Indonesia]]\n\nWikipedia adalah sebuah ensiklopedia yang ditulis secara kolaboratif oleh [[Wikipedia:Siapa yang menulis Wikipedia|para pembacanya]]. Wikipedia menggunakan situs web khusus yang disebut [[wiki]], yang memudahkan para penggunanya untuk mendapatkan informasi yang akurat dan tepat. Banyak orang yang secara terus-menerus membenahi Wikipedia, mengubah isi artikel Wikipedia, semuanya dicatat dalam [[Wikipedia:Versi terdahulu|catatan sejarah]] dan [[Wikipedia:Perubahan terbaru|perubahan terbaru]]. Segala perubahan yang tidak tepat dan bahkan tidak sesuai etika umumnya akan cepat dihilangkan.\n\n== Bagaimana saya bisa membantu? ==\n'''Jangan takut untuk mengubah'''—''siapa pun'' dapat menyunting hampir seluruh halaman dalam Wikipedia, dan kami menyarankan Anda untuk '''berani''' (namun tolong jangan melakukan [[Wikipedia:Vandalisme|vandalisme]]). Temukan sesuatu yang dapat diperbaiki, baik dari segi materi, tata penulisan atau tata bahasa, dan segera perbaiki!\n\nAnda tidak dapat mematahkan Wikipedia. Segala sesuatu dapat diperbaiki kelak. Jadi, langsung saja, sunting sebuah artikel, dan bantulah agar Wikipedia menjadi sumber informasi terbaik dan terdepan di Internet.\n\n
\n=== Buat suntingan pertama Anda sekarang juga: ===\n# Klik tulisan '''sunting sumber''' di atas. Klik tulisan '''sunting''' untuk memperbaiki kesalahan pada penulisan menggunakan {{WP|VisualEditor}}\n# Ketiklah beberapa kata (terserah Anda)\n# Klik '''Simpan halaman''' untuk menyimpan tulisan Anda (untuk eksperimen lebih lanjut gunakan [[Wikipedia:Bak pasir|bak pasir]])
...atau \"Lihat pratayang\" untuk melihat perubahan yang Anda lakukan
\n
\n
\n
\n
[[Wikipedia:Pengantar 2|'''Belajar lebih lanjut mengenai penyuntingan >>''']]
\n[[Kategori:Pengantar Wikipedia]]","hash":"ede8b63771aeb6376b918adabd0ae0bd8a6a06e518911af3042b1d0f0498091b","last_revision":"2022-10-19T15:42:43Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T17:09:56Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:03.221707","cross_lingual_links":{"ban":"Mal:Nawang sareng Wikipédia"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:49.578424","text":"Digunakan untuk Wikipedia: Pengantar\n\n1. Pengantar\n\n2. Belajar lebih lanjut mengenai penyuntingan\n\n3. Menjelajahi Wikipedia\n\n__NOEDITSECTION__\n\nAnda melihat tulisan \"sunting\" di atas? Ya, di Wikipedia, Anda dapat menyunting (mengedit) halaman ini saat ini juga, jika sudah masuk log (log in).\n\nWikipedia adalah sebuah ensiklopedia yang ditulis secara kolaboratif oleh para pembacanya. Wikipedia menggunakan situs web khusus yang disebut wiki, yang memudahkan para penggunanya untuk mendapatkan informasi yang akurat dan tepat. Banyak orang yang secara terus-menerus membenahi Wikipedia, mengubah isi artikel Wikipedia, semuanya dicatat dalam catatan sejarah dan perubahan terbaru. Segala perubahan yang tidak tepat dan bahkan tidak sesuai etika umumnya akan cepat dihilangkan.\n\nJangan takut untuk mengubah—siapa pun dapat menyunting hampir seluruh halaman dalam Wikipedia, dan kami menyarankan Anda untuk berani (namun tolong jangan melakukan vandalisme). Temukan sesuatu yang dapat diperbaiki, baik dari segi materi, tata penulisan atau tata bahasa, dan segera perbaiki!\n\nAnda tidak dapat mematahkan Wikipedia. Segala sesuatu dapat diperbaiki kelak. Jadi, langsung saja, sunting sebuah artikel, dan bantulah agar Wikipedia menjadi sumber informasi terbaik dan terdepan di Internet.\n\nKlik tulisan sunting sumber di atas. Klik tulisan sunting untuk memperbaiki kesalahan pada penulisan menggunakan Ketiklah beberapa kata (terserah Anda) Klik Simpan halaman untuk menyimpan tulisan Anda (untuk eksperimen lebih lanjut gunakan bak pasir)\n\n...atau \"Lihat pratayang\" untuk melihat perubahan yang Anda lakukan\n\nBelajar lebih lanjut mengenai penyuntingan >>\n\nKategori:Pengantar Wikipedia\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Digunakan untuk Wikipedia: Pengantar","translated_text":"Used for Wikipedia: Introduction","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"1. Pengantar","translated_text":"1. The introduction","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"2","translated_text":"Two","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":". Belajar lebih lanjut mengenai penyuntingan","translated_text":"Learn more about editing.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"3","translated_text":"3 of them","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":". Menjelajahi Wikipedia","translated_text":"Browse Wikipedia.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"__NOEDITSECTION__","translated_text":"I don't know.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Anda melihat tulisan \"sunting\" di atas?","translated_text":"You see the word \"edit\" above?","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Ya, di Wikipedia, Anda dapat menyunting (mengedit) halaman ini saat ini juga, jika sudah masuk log (log in).","translated_text":"Yes, on Wikipedia, you can edit this page right now too, if you're already logged in.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Apa itu Wikipedia?","translated_text":"Is that Wikipedia?","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Wikipedia adalah sebuah ensiklopedia yang ditulis secara kolaboratif oleh para pembacanya.","translated_text":"Wikipedia is an encyclopedia written collaboratively by its readers.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Wikipedia menggunakan situs web khusus yang disebut wiki, yang memudahkan para penggunanya untuk mendapatkan informasi yang akurat dan tepat.","translated_text":"Wikipedia uses a special website called a wiki, which makes it easy for its users to get accurate and accurate information.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Banyak orang yang secara terus-menerus membenahi Wikipedia, mengubah isi artikel Wikipedia, semuanya dicatat dalam catatan sejarah dan perubahan terbaru.","translated_text":"Many people constantly refurbish Wikipedia, modify the content of Wikipedia articles, all of which are recorded in historical records and recent changes.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Segala perubahan yang tidak tepat dan bahkan tidak sesuai etika umumnya akan cepat dihilangkan.","translated_text":"Any changes that are inappropriate and even unethical will generally be quickly removed.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Bagaimana saya bisa membantu?","translated_text":"How can I help you?","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Jangan takut untuk mengubah—siapa pun dapat menyunting hampir seluruh halaman dalam Wikipedia, dan kami menyarankan Anda untuk berani (namun tolong jangan melakukan vandalisme).","translated_text":"Don't be afraid to change anyone can edit almost the entire page in Wikipedia, and we advise you to be brave (but please don't vandalise).","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Temukan sesuatu yang dapat diperbaiki, baik dari segi materi, tata penulisan atau tata bahasa, dan segera perbaiki!","translated_text":"Find something that can be improved, whether in terms of material, spelling, or grammar, and fix it right away!","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Anda tidak dapat mematahkan Wikipedia.","translated_text":"You can't break Wikipedia.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Segala sesuatu dapat diperbaiki kelak.","translated_text":"Everything can be fixed someday.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Jadi, langsung saja, sunting sebuah artikel, dan bantulah agar Wikipedia menjadi sumber informasi terbaik dan terdepan di Internet.","translated_text":"So, right away, edit an article, and help make Wikipedia the best and foremost source of information on the Internet.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Buat suntingan pertama Anda sekarang juga:","translated_text":"Make your first edit now:","level":3,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Klik tulisan sunting sumber di atas.","translated_text":"Click on the source edit text above.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Klik tulisan sunting untuk memperbaiki kesalahan pada penulisan menggunakan Ketiklah beberapa kata (terserah Anda) Klik Simpan halaman untuk menyimpan tulisan Anda (untuk eksperimen lebih lanjut gunakan bak pasir)","translated_text":"Click edit to correct typing errors by typing a few words (as you wish) Click Save pages to save your writing (for further experiments use sandbox)","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"...atau \"Lihat pratayang\" untuk melihat perubahan yang Anda lakukan","translated_text":"...or \"See the preview\" to see the changes you've made","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Belajar lebih lanjut mengenai penyuntingan >>","translated_text":"Learn more about editing >>","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kategori:Pengantar Wikipedia","translated_text":"Categories:Publishers","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Templat:Jangan hapus baris ini","wikicode":"#ALIH [[Templat:Berkenalan dengan Wikipedia]]{{A templat}}","hash":"c69c927b461e38905b463311cd25a5d97bf951f8a2397fd846ed11b2a9c8c3d2","last_revision":"2013-07-26T07:46:43Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T17:16:19Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:03.283397","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH Templat:Berkenalan dengan Wikipedia\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH Templat:Berkenalan dengan Wikipedia","translated_text":"Template:Knowledge of Wikipedia","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Wikipedia:Kopi darat/Wikimania 2008","wikicode":"[[Berkas:Wikimania2008 logo.png|right]]\n\n[[Wikimania]] [[2008]] diselenggarakan di [[Alexandria]], [[Mesir]] pada [[17 Juli]] sampai [[19 Juli]] [[2008]].\n\n== Perwakilan dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia ==\n* {{user0|Meursault2004}} [http://www.flickr.com/photos/aboutuswiki/2774726263/ foto]\n\n== Laporan Perjalanan ==\nWikimania 2008 secara resmi bermula pada tanggal 17 Juli dan berlangsung sampai tanggal 19 Juli 2008.\n\n== Pranala luar ==\n{{Commonscat|Wikimania 2008}}\n\n* {{en}} [http://wikimania2008.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page Situs web]\n* {{en}} [[:meta:Wikimania 2008|Wikimania 2008 di meta]]\n\n[[Kategori:Kopi darat|Wikimania]]","hash":"0e5e7c3ce227a364949a2dd9f0402460b23ed2b7d19c3a75433fcc4ad7481c61","last_revision":"2013-10-17T05:39:46Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T17:51:19Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:03.339254","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"Wikimania 2008 diselenggarakan di Alexandria, Mesir pada 17 Juli sampai 19 Juli 2008.\n\nfoto\n\nWikimania 2008 secara resmi bermula pada tanggal 17 Juli dan berlangsung sampai tanggal 19 Juli 2008.\n\nSitus web Wikimania 2008 di meta\n\nWikimania\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Wikimania 2008 diselenggarakan di Alexandria, Mesir pada 17 Juli sampai 19 Juli 2008.","translated_text":"Wikimania 2008 was held in Alexandria, Egypt from July 17 to July 19, 2008.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Perwakilan dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia","translated_text":"Representatives from Wikipedia","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"foto","translated_text":"the photo","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Laporan Perjalanan","translated_text":"Travel reports","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Wikimania 2008 secara resmi bermula pada tanggal 17 Juli dan berlangsung sampai tanggal 19 Juli 2008.","translated_text":"Wikimania 2008 officially began on July 17 and ran until July 19, 2008.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Pranala luar","translated_text":"External connections","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Situs web Wikimania 2008 di meta","translated_text":"The 2008 Wikimania web site is in meta","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Wikimania","translated_text":"Wikimania is free","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Berkas:Sunting-halaman-ini.png","wikicode":"== Ringkasan ==\nPenjelasan cara menyunting untuk kulit Vektor Wikipedia Bahasa Indonesia.\n\n== Jenis lisensi ==\n{{Tampilan-Wikipedia}}","hash":"8411555f9f7a17659419847a06ec9ee066d4f1a284c4fea343c7836a87912c10","last_revision":"2012-12-07T07:37:39Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T18:02:40Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:03.402072","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"Penjelasan cara menyunting untuk kulit Vektor Wikipedia Bahasa Indonesia.\n","elements":[{"type":"heading","text":"Ringkasan","translated_text":"Summary","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Penjelasan cara menyunting untuk kulit Vektor Wikipedia Bahasa Indonesia.","translated_text":"Explanation of how to edit for the skin of Wikipedia's Vector.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Jenis lisensi","translated_text":"Type of license","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Templat:Perguruan tinggi di Kota Bandung","wikicode":"{{Navbox\n|name = Perguruan tinggi di Kota Bandung\n| listclass = hlist\n| title = [[Berkas:Logo of Ministry of Education and Culture of Republic of Indonesia.svg|25px]] [[Daftar perguruan tinggi di Bandung|Perguruan tinggi di Kota Bandung]] [[Berkas:Lambang Kota Bandung.svg|25px]]\n|group1 = Universitas\n| list1 =\n*[[Universitas Telkom]]\n*[[Universitas Advent Indonesia]]\n*[[Universitas Al-Ghifari]]\n*[[Universitas ARS Internasional]]\n*[[Universitas Bandung Raya]]\n*[[Universitas Islam Bandung]]\n*[[Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Gunung Djati]]\n*[[Universitas Islam Nusantara]]\n*[[Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani]]\n*[[Universitas Katolik Parahyangan]]\n*[[Universitas Kebangsaan]]\n*[[Universitas Komputer Indonesia]]\n*[[Universitas Kristen Maranatha]]\n*[[Universitas Langlangbuana]]\n*[[Universitas Logistik dan Bisnis Internasional]]\n*[[Universitas Nasional Pasim]]\n*[[Universitas Nurtanio]]\n*[[Universitas Padjadjaran]]\n*[[Universitas Pasundan]]\n*[[Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia]]\n*[[Universitas Widyatama]]\n*[[Universitas Winaya Mukti]]\n\n|group2 = Institut\n| list2 =\n*[[Institut Manajemen Telkom]]\n*[[Institut Teknologi Bandung]]\n*[[Institut Teknologi Harapan Bangsa]]\n*[[Institut Teknologi Telkom]]\n*[[Institut Teknologi Nasional (Bandung)|Institut Teknologi Nasional]]\n\n|group3 = Sekolah\n|list3 =\n*[[Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Tekstil-Departemen Perindustrian RI]]\n*[[Sekolah Tinggi Manajemen Informatika & Komputer Likmi]]\n*[[Sekolah Tinggi Manajemen Informatika & Komputer Indonesia Mandiri]]\n*[[Sekolah Tinggi Manajemen Informatika & Komputer AMIK BANDUNG]]\n*[[Sekolah Tinggi Manajemen Informatika & Komputer Bandung]]\n*[[STIE Pasundan|Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Pasundan]]\n*[[Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi STAN Indonesia Mandiri]]\n*[[Sekolah Tinggi Desain Indonesia (STDI)]]\n*[[Sekolah Tinggi Seni Rupa dan Desain Indonesia (STISI)]]\n*[[Sekolah Tinggi Sains dan Teknologi Indonesia (ST-INTEN)]]\n*[[Sekolah Tinggi Pariwisata (NHI)]]\n*[[Sekolah Tinggi Pariwisata AKTRIPA]]\n*[[Sekolah Tinggi Manajemen Bisnis Telkom]]\n*[[Sekolah Tinggi Kesejahteraan Sosial]]\n*[[Sekolah Tinggi Seni Indonesia]]\n*[[Sekolah Tinggi Bahasa Asing Yapari-ABA]]\n*[[Sekolah Tinggi Manajemen Informatika & Ilmu Komputer]]\n*[[Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Mandala]]\n*[[Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Dharma Negara]]\n*[[Sekolah Tinggi Manajemen Informatika Komputer Dharma Negara]]\n\n|group4 = Politeknik\n|list4 =\n*[[Politeknik Akmb Bandung]]\n*[[Politeknik Al Islam Bandung]]\n*[[Politeknik Ganesha Bandung]]\n*[[Politeknik Garuda Nusantara Bandung]]\n*[[Politeknik Geologi Pertambangan \"AGP\"]]\n*[[Politeknik Industri Dan Niaga Bandung]]\n*[[Politeknik Komputer Dan Niaga LPKIA/PKNLPKIA]]\n*[[Politeknik Kencana Bandung]]\n*[[Politeknik Kridatama Bandung]]\n*[[Sekolah Tinggi Seni Rupa dan Desain Indonesia (STISI)]]\n*[[Sekolah Tinggi Sains dan Teknologi Indonesia (ST-INTEN)]]\n*[[Politeknik Lp3i Bandung]]\n*[[Politeknik Manufaktur Bandung]]\n*[[Politeknik Manufaktur Igasa Pindad]]\n*[[Politeknik Negeri Bandung]]\n*[[Politeknik Pajajaran Insan Cinta Bangsa Bandung]]\n*[[Politeknik Piksi Ganesha]]\n*[[Politeknik Praktisi Bandung]]\n*[[Politeknik Rosda]]\n*[[Politeknik Telkom]]\n*[[Politeknik Winaya Karya Bhakti]]\n\n|group5 = Akademi\n|list5 =\n*[[Akademik Manajemen Informatika & Komputer Al Ma'soem Bandung]]\n}}{{Collapsible option}}\n[[Kategori:Templat perguruan tinggi di Jawa Barat]]\n","hash":"687bcd804590f49a35d438c982a06faa5d16533edb42a3787d8389bb145e90de","last_revision":"2023-11-04T01:14:52Z","first_revision":"2010-07-13T22:19:26Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:03.471796","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"Kategori:Templat perguruan tinggi di Jawa Barat\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kategori:Templat perguruan tinggi di Jawa Barat","translated_text":"Category:Templates of colleges in West Java","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Daitetsujin 17","wikicode":"{{infobox television |[[Lop]]\n | show_name = 大鉄人１７
Daitetsujin 17 (One-Seven)\n | image = \n | caption = \n | format = [[Tokusatsu]] \n | runtime = 30 menit per episode\n | creator = [[Shotaro Ishinomori]]\n | starring = [[Masahiro Kamiya]]
[[Midori Takei]]
[[Tadao Nakamaru]]
[[Go Haraguchi]]
[[Shingo Mii]]
[[Naoyuki Kanno]]
[[Junko Otsuki]]
[[Go Takashina|Masahiro Takashina]]
[[Jin Takahashi]]
[[Mayumi Watanabe]]
[[Kaho Shimada]]
[[Ulf Otsuki]]
[[Akihiko Hirata]]
[[Takehisa Yamaguchi|Akira Yamaguchi]]
[[Rin'ichi Yamamoto]]
[[Lucia Santo]]
[[Izuhi Higashioka]]\n | voices = [[Kyoji Kobayashi]]
[[Hiroshi Mizushima]]\n | narrated = [[Kyoji Kobayashi]]\n | country = {{negara|Jepang}} [[Jepang]]\n | network = [[Mainichi Broadcasting System]]
[[Toei Company|Toei]]\n | first_aired = [[18 Maret]] [[1977]]\n | last_aired = [[11 November]] [[1977]]\n | num_episodes = 35\n | theme_music_composer = [[Michiaki Watanabe]]\n | opentheme = ''Oh! Daitetsujin One-Seven'' oleh [[Ichiro Mizuki]], [[Koorogi '73]] dan [[The Chirps]]\n | endtheme = ''One-Seven Sanka'' oleh [[Ichiro Mizuki]] dan [[Koorogi '73]]\n|}}\n{{nihongo|'''''Daitetsujin 17'''''|大鉄人１７|Daitetsujin Wan-Sebun}} adalah serial [[tokusatsu]] [[pahlawan super]] tahun 1977 yang dibuat oleh [[Shotaro Ishinomori]] dan diproduksi oleh [[Toei Company]]. Serial ini terdiri dari 35 episode yang disiarkan di [[Jepang]] mulai tanggal [[18 Maret]] sampai dengan tanggal [[11 November]] [[1977]]. ''Daitetsujin 17'' berkisar pada pertempuran robot raksasa diperintahkan oleh seorang anak muda yang berjuang robot raksasa dari organisasi jahat membungkuk pada penaklukan dunia. Hal ini mirip dengan ''[[Giant Robo (tokusatsu)|Giant Robo]]'' pada premis dan bagaimana akhirnya.\n\nBeberapa episode diedit menjadi sebuah film TV ditampilkan di Amerika Serikat di bawah judul yang berbeda, termasuk ''The Defenders and the Great Brain'' dan ''Brain 17''.\n\nLagu pembuka di serial ini dilakukan oleh [[Ichiro Mizuki]], [[Koorogi '73]] dan [[The Chirps]], dan lagu BGM disusun oleh [[Michiaki Watanabe]].\n\n[[Popy]] diproduksi beberapa mainan berdasarkan dalam serial ini - khususnya versi [[Chogokin]] transformasi di robot One-Seven (kemudian dirilis di Amerika untuk saluran ''[[Godaikin]]''), kendaraan didasarkan pada modus Benteng Terbang, Mobil Terbang Submesin, Shigcon Tank dan Shigcon Jet di One-Seven, dan versi tiga inci di One-Seven (kemudian dirilis sebagai '17' di saluran ''[[Shogun Warriors]]'' di [[Mattel]]).\n\n== Pranala luar ==\n* {{ja}} [http://www.bekkoame.ne.jp/ro/gg9378/17/ Situs fan di ''Daitetsujin 17'']\n* {{en}} [http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0247227/ Brain 17] di [[Internet Movie Database]]\n* {{en}} [http://counter-x.net/godaikin/daitetsujin_17/index.html Daitetsujin 17 Toy Review] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120210203546/http://counter-x.net/godaikin/daitetsujin_17/index.html |date=2012-02-10 }}\n\n[[Kategori:Seri televisi Jepang tahun 1977]]\n[[Kategori:Shotaro Ishinomori]]\n[[Kategori:Toei tokusatsu]]\n[[Kategori:Anime dan manga robot super]]\n\n\n{{Tokusatsu-stub}}","hash":"41fe857dcc8f54a191868e310000c5878a431e7e5b7bab910b58c11175d5c27d","last_revision":"2023-02-11T05:27:36Z","first_revision":"2010-07-14T00:15:15Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:03.540486","cross_lingual_links":{"en":"Daitetsujin 17","ja":"大鉄人17","th":"ไดเท็ตสึจิน 17","zh":"大铁人17"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:49.578424","text":"adalah serial tokusatsu pahlawan super tahun 1977 yang dibuat oleh Shotaro Ishinomori dan diproduksi oleh Toei Company. Serial ini terdiri dari 35 episode yang disiarkan di Jepang mulai tanggal 18 Maret sampai dengan tanggal 11 November 1977. Daitetsujin 17 berkisar pada pertempuran robot raksasa diperintahkan oleh seorang anak muda yang berjuang robot raksasa dari organisasi jahat membungkuk pada penaklukan dunia. Hal ini mirip dengan Giant Robo pada premis dan bagaimana akhirnya.\n\nBeberapa episode diedit menjadi sebuah film TV ditampilkan di Amerika Serikat di bawah judul yang berbeda, termasuk The Defenders and the Great Brain dan Brain 17.\n\nLagu pembuka di serial ini dilakukan oleh Ichiro Mizuki, Koorogi '73 dan The Chirps, dan lagu BGM disusun oleh Michiaki Watanabe.\n\nPopy diproduksi beberapa mainan berdasarkan dalam serial ini - khususnya versi Chogokin transformasi di robot One-Seven (kemudian dirilis di Amerika untuk saluran Godaikin), kendaraan didasarkan pada modus Benteng Terbang, Mobil Terbang Submesin, Shigcon Tank dan Shigcon Jet di One-Seven, dan versi tiga inci di One-Seven (kemudian dirilis sebagai '17' di saluran Shogun Warriors di Mattel).\n\nSitus fan di Daitetsujin 17 Brain 17 di Internet Movie Database Daitetsujin 17 Toy Review\n\nKategori:Seri televisi Jepang tahun 1977 Kategori:Shotaro Ishinomori Kategori:Toei tokusatsu Kategori:Anime dan manga robot super\n","elements":[{"type":"infobox","content":"{{infobox television |[[Lop]]\n | show_name = 大鉄人１７
Daitetsujin 17 (One-Seven)\n | image = \n | caption = \n | format = [[Tokusatsu]] \n | runtime = 30 menit per episode\n | creator = [[Shotaro Ishinomori]]\n | starring = [[Masahiro Kamiya]]
[[Midori Takei]]
[[Tadao Nakamaru]]
[[Go Haraguchi]]
[[Shingo Mii]]
[[Naoyuki Kanno]]
[[Junko Otsuki]]
[[Go Takashina|Masahiro Takashina]]
[[Jin Takahashi]]
[[Mayumi Watanabe]]
[[Kaho Shimada]]
[[Ulf Otsuki]]
[[Akihiko Hirata]]
[[Takehisa Yamaguchi|Akira Yamaguchi]]
[[Rin'ichi Yamamoto]]
[[Lucia Santo]]
[[Izuhi Higashioka]]\n | voices = [[Kyoji Kobayashi]]
[[Hiroshi Mizushima]]\n | narrated = [[Kyoji Kobayashi]]\n | country = {{negara|Jepang}} [[Jepang]]\n | network = [[Mainichi Broadcasting System]]
[[Toei Company|Toei]]\n | first_aired = [[18 Maret]] [[1977]]\n | last_aired = [[11 November]] [[1977]]\n | num_episodes = 35\n | theme_music_composer = [[Michiaki Watanabe]]\n | opentheme = ''Oh! Daitetsujin One-Seven'' oleh [[Ichiro Mizuki]], [[Koorogi '73]] dan [[The Chirps]]\n | endtheme = ''One-Seven Sanka'' oleh [[Ichiro Mizuki]] dan [[Koorogi '73]]\n|}}"},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"adalah serial tokusatsu pahlawan super tahun 1977 yang dibuat oleh Shotaro Ishinomori dan diproduksi oleh Toei Company.","translated_text":"is a 1977 tokusatsu superhero series created by Shotaro Ishinomori and produced by Toei Company.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Serial ini terdiri dari 35 episode yang disiarkan di Jepang mulai tanggal 18 Maret sampai dengan tanggal 11 November 1977.","translated_text":"The series consisted of 35 episodes broadcast in Japan from March 18 to November 11, 1977.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Daitetsujin 17 berkisar pada pertempuran robot raksasa diperintahkan oleh seorang anak muda yang berjuang robot raksasa dari organisasi jahat membungkuk pada penaklukan dunia.","translated_text":"Daitetsujin 17 revolves around a battle of giant robots commanded by a young boy who fights the giant robots of an evil organization bent on conquering the world.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Hal ini mirip dengan Giant Robo pada premis dan bagaimana akhirnya.","translated_text":"It's similar to Giant Robo on the premise and how it ends.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Beberapa episode diedit menjadi sebuah film TV ditampilkan di Amerika Serikat di bawah judul yang berbeda, termasuk The Defenders and the Great Brain dan Brain 17.","translated_text":"Several episodes were edited into a TV movie shown in the United States under different titles, including The Defenders and the Great Brain and Brain 17.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Lagu pembuka di serial ini dilakukan oleh Ichiro Mizuki, Koorogi '73 dan The Chirps, dan lagu BGM disusun oleh Michiaki Watanabe.","translated_text":"The opening theme song of the series was performed by Ichiro Mizuki, Koorogi '73 and The Chirps, and the BGM theme song was composed by Michiaki Watanabe.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Popy diproduksi beberapa mainan berdasarkan dalam serial ini - khususnya versi Chogokin transformasi di robot One-Seven (kemudian dirilis di Amerika untuk saluran Godaikin), kendaraan didasarkan pada modus Benteng Terbang, Mobil Terbang Submesin, Shigcon Tank dan Shigcon Jet di One-Seven, dan versi tiga inci di One-Seven (kemudian dirilis sebagai '17' di saluran Shogun Warriors di Mattel).","translated_text":"Popy produced several toys based on the series - in particular the transformed version of Chogokin on the One-Seven robot (later released in America for the Godaikin channel), the vehicle based on the Flying Fortress mode, Submachine Flying Car, Shigcon Tank and Shigcon Jet on the One-Seven, and the three-inch version on the One-Seven (later released as '17' on the Shogun Warriors channel on Mattel).","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Pranala luar","translated_text":"External connections","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Situs fan di Daitetsujin 17 Brain 17 di Internet Movie Database Daitetsujin 17 Toy Review","translated_text":"The fan site at Daitetsujin 17 Brain 17 is on the Internet Movie Database at Daitetsujin 17 Toy Review","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120210203546/http://counter-x.net/godaikin/daitetsujin_17/index.html |date=2012-02-10 }}","char_index":89,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20120210203546/http://counter-x.net/godaikin/daitetsujin_17/index.html","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:18.157729-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kategori","translated_text":"Categories","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":":Seri televisi Jepang tahun 1977 Kategori:Shotaro Ishinomori Kategori:Toei tokusatsu Kategori:Anime dan manga robot super","translated_text":":Japanese television series from 1977 Category:Shotaro Ishinomori Category:Toei tokusatsu Category:Anime and manga super robots","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[{"text":"Situs fan di Daitetsujin 17 Brain 17 di Internet Movie Database Daitetsujin 17 Toy Review","translated_text":"The fan site at Daitetsujin 17 Brain 17 is on the Internet Movie Database at Daitetsujin 17 Toy Review","citations":[{"content":"{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120210203546/http://counter-x.net/godaikin/daitetsujin_17/index.html |date=2012-02-10 }}","char_index":89,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20120210203546/http://counter-x.net/godaikin/daitetsujin_17/index.html","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:18.157729-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]}]} +{"title":"Batu kersik","wikicode":"[[Berkas:Salt cellar 2 (2).jpg|jmpl|ka|''Salt Cellar'', batu kersik di [[Peak District]], Inggris]]\n'''Batu kersik''' adalah [[batuan sedimen]] yang terbentuk dari [[batu pasir]] yang kasar, dan kadang-kadang agak halus. Batu kersik juga dapat berbentuk kerikil kecil.\n\nBatu kersik biasanya digunakan untuk bahan bangunan. Di [[Britania Raya]], batu kersik pernah digunakan sebagai penggiling [[gandum]], penghancur kayu untuk dijadikan [[kertas]], dan juga sebagai pengasah pisau.\n\n[[Kategori:Batuan sedimen]]\n\n\n{{geologi-stub}}","hash":"0a47bc130dc6bac6d8a08971db702860bd36b6b6b654a809a88d8921b8588b28","last_revision":"2023-01-12T07:20:38Z","first_revision":"2010-07-14T02:03:41Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:03.597363","cross_lingual_links":{"ar":"حجر رملي خشن","ce":"Гравелит","en":"Gritstone","fa":"گرده‌سنگ","fr":"Meulière (géologie)","it":"Pietra molare","ja":"グリットストーン","kk":"Жентектас","kw":"Growven","ru":"Гравелит","simple":"Gritstone","uk":"Гравеліт","zh":"粗砂岩"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:49.578424","text":"Batu kersik adalah batuan sedimen yang terbentuk dari batu pasir yang kasar, dan kadang-kadang agak halus. Batu kersik juga dapat berbentuk kerikil kecil.\n\nBatu kersik biasanya digunakan untuk bahan bangunan. Di Britania Raya, batu kersik pernah digunakan sebagai penggiling gandum, penghancur kayu untuk dijadikan kertas, dan juga sebagai pengasah pisau.\n\nKategori:Batuan sedimen\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Batu kersik adalah batuan sedimen yang terbentuk dari batu pasir yang kasar, dan kadang-kadang agak halus.","translated_text":"Cherry stones are sedimentary rocks formed from rough, and sometimes somewhat fine, sandstone.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Batu kersik juga dapat berbentuk kerikil kecil.","translated_text":"Cherry stones can also form small pebbles.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Batu kersik biasanya digunakan untuk bahan bangunan.","translated_text":"Cherry stones are commonly used for building materials.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Di Britania Raya, batu kersik pernah digunakan sebagai penggiling gandum, penghancur kayu untuk dijadikan kertas, dan juga sebagai pengasah pisau.","translated_text":"In Great Britain, chalk was once used as a grain grinder, a woodcutter for making paper, and also as a knife cutter.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kategori","translated_text":"Categories","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":":Batuan sedimen","translated_text":"The sedimentary rocks:","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Dolostone","wikicode":"[[Berkas:7092 pieskovna Dolinka pri Hradisti pod Vratnom dolomit.JPG|jmpl|ka|Dolostone Trias dari [[Slowakia]]]]\n'''Dolostone''' adalah [[batuan sedimen]] [[karbon]] yang banyak mengandung [[mineral]] [[dolomit]]. Dolostone juga disebut sebagai [[batu kapur]] [[magnesium|magnesian]].\n\nKebanyakan dari dolostone terbentuk dari magnesium pengganti batu kapur atau lumpur [[kapur]] sebelum litifikasi. Batu ini tahan terhadap [[erosi]], dan sulit untuk larut dalam air yang sedikit asam.\n\n== Referensi ==\n* {{cite book|author=Blatt, Harvey and Robert J. Tracy\n|title=Petrology; Igneous, Sedimentary, and Metamorphic, 2nd Ed. pp. 317-323\n|url=https://archive.org/details/petrologyigneous0000blat_2edi\n|publisher=W. H. Freeman\n|year=1996|isbn=0-7167-2438-3}}\n* {{cite book|author=Tucker, M. E. and Wright, V. P.\n|title=Carbonate Sedimentology, 482 p.\n|publisher=Blackwell Scientific Publications\n|year=1990|isbn=0-632-01472-5}}\n* {{cite book|author=Zenger, D. H.. and Mazzullo, S. J.\n|title=Dolomitization, 426 p.\n|url=https://archive.org/details/dolomitization0000unse\n|publisher=Hutchinson Ross Publishing Co\n|year=1982|isbn=0-87933-416-9}}\n\n\n{{geologi-stub}}\n\n[[Kategori:Batuan sedimen]]","hash":"4d3547ac6e25ca6a72d4f52fc16580a5ca45a9251e64e55fc8211dc93427eb74","last_revision":"2023-12-11T03:47:32Z","first_revision":"2010-07-14T02:10:24Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:03.649270","cross_lingual_links":{"bar":"Dolomitstoa","ca":"Dolomia","cs":"Dolomit (hornina)","da":"Dolomit (bjergart)","de":"Dolomit (Gestein)","en":"Dolomite (rock)","es":"Dolomía","et":"Dolokivi","fa":"دولومیت (سنگ)","fr":"Dolomie","gl":"Dolomía","he":"דולומיט","hu":"Dolomitkő","it":"Dolomia","ja":"苦灰岩","ko":"고회암","kw":"Dolomit","nl":"Dolosteen","oc":"Dolomia","pl":"Dolomit (skała)","pt":"Dolomito","ro":"Dolomit (rocă)","sk":"Dolomit (hornina)","tr":"Dolomit","uk":"Доломіт (гірська порода)","uz":"Dolomit","zh":"白云岩"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:49.578424","text":"Dolostone adalah batuan sedimen karbon yang banyak mengandung mineral dolomit. Dolostone juga disebut sebagai batu kapur magnesian.\n\nKebanyakan dari dolostone terbentuk dari magnesium pengganti batu kapur atau lumpur kapur sebelum litifikasi. Batu ini tahan terhadap erosi, dan sulit untuk larut dalam air yang sedikit asam.\n\nKategori:Batuan sedimen\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Dolostone adalah batuan sedimen karbon yang banyak mengandung mineral dolomit.","translated_text":"Dolostone is a carbon sedimentary rock rich in the mineral dolomite.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Dolostone juga disebut sebagai batu kapur magnesian.","translated_text":"Dolostone is also known as magnesium limestone.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kebanyakan dari dolostone terbentuk dari magnesium pengganti batu kapur atau lumpur kapur sebelum litifikasi.","translated_text":"Most dolostones are formed from magnesium substitutes for limestone or limestone sludge prior to lithification.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Batu ini tahan terhadap erosi, dan sulit untuk larut dalam air yang sedikit asam.","translated_text":"It is resistant to erosion, and it is difficult to dissolve in slightly acidic water.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Referensi","translated_text":"References","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kategori","translated_text":"Categories","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":":Batuan sedimen","translated_text":"The sedimentary rocks:","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Kategori:Film Hong Kong tahun 1991","wikicode":"{{Film negara tahun}}","hash":"6b07647f6d08ead4149f3669ff82c0d7e3daabe60612663801fa725f4f9b4985","last_revision":"2022-01-12T03:56:32Z","first_revision":"2010-07-14T02:25:58Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:03.710589","cross_lingual_links":{"fr":"Catégorie:Film hongkongais sorti en 1991","it":"Categoria:Film hongkonghesi del 1991","ms":"Kategori:Filem Hong Kong tahun 1991","pl":"Kategoria:Hongkońskie filmy z 1991 roku","pt":"Categoria:Filmes de Hong Kong de 1991","ru":"Категория:Фильмы Гонконга 1991 года","zh":"Category:1991年香港電影作品"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:49.578424","text":"","elements":[],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Parallel Virtual Machine","wikicode":"'''''Parallel Virtual Machine''''' (disingkat '''PVM''') adalah sebuah [[perangkat lunak]] yang digunakan untuk pembuatan [[jaringan komputer]] [[komputasi paralel|paralel]]. Perangkat lunak ini didesain sedemikian rupa untuk mengizinkan sebuah jaringan komputer yang heterogen yang terdiri atas [[komputer|mesin]] yang menjalankan [[sistem operasi]] [[Windows]] atau [[Unix]] agar digunakan sebagai sebuah [[prosesor paralel]] tunggal yang [[komputasi terdistribusi|terdistribusi]]. Hal ini bertujuan untuk menyelesaikan beberapa masalah komputasi secara lebih murah dengan menggunakan kemampuan pemrosesan dan memori dari komputer-komputer yang terjaring tersebut. Perangkat lunak itu sendiri bersifat [[portabilitas (komputer)|portabel]], dan [[kode sumber]]nya pun tersedia secara bebas melalui [[netlib]], yang sekarang telah dikompilasi untuk digunakan oleh beragam jenis komputer, dari mulai [[laptop]] hingga [[superkomputer]] [[Cray]].{{cite web|url=http://www.csm.ornl.gov/pvm/|title=Parallel Virtual Machine (PVM) Homepage}}\n\nPVM mengizinkan pengguna untuk menggunakan [[perangkat keras]] [[komputer]] yang telah ada untuk menyelesaikan problem yang lebih rumit pada harga yang lebih murah. PVM juga digunakan sebagai alat bantu dalam akademisi, khususnya untuk mengajarkan [[pemrograman paralel]] (dalam fakultas [[ilmu komputer]], dan tentu saja digunakan untuk menyelesaikan beberapa masalah praktikal.\n\nVersi pertama dari PVM dikembangkan di ORNL pada tahun 1989, dan lalu setelah dikembangkan dari awal kembali oleh [[University of Tennessee]], versi 2 pun dirilis pada bulan Maret 1991. Versi 3 dirilis pada 1993 dan mendukung fitur [[fault tolerance|toleransi kesalahan]] (''fault-tolerance;;) dan portabilitas yang lebih baik. Versi terbarunya adalah 3.4.6 yang dirilis pada tanggal 2 Februari 2009.\n\nPVM pun terus dikembangkan secara aktif, meskipun maturitas dan stabilitas relatif yang ditunjukkannya tidak seberapa signifikan. PVM dianggap sebagai sebuah langkah baru dalam tren pemrosesan paralel modern dan juga ''[[grid computing]]''. Penggunaannya pun banyak, dan kini pun bermunculan beberapa ''binding'' [[bahasa pemrograman]] yang baru (seperti halnya modul dalam bahasa [[Perl]] Parallel::PVM, yang ada dalam pengembangan yang aktif). Antarmuka Perl dirilis di bawah [[Artistic License]],{{cite web\n|url=http://search.cpan.org/src/DLECONTE/Parallel-Pvm-1.4.0/README\n|title=Perl PVM README\n|quote=This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.\n}} meski PVM sendiri dirilis dengan lisensi [[BSD License]] dan [[GNU General Public License]].\n.\n== Detail ==\nKomputer-komputer individual dapat saja menggunakan [[multiprosesor]] dengan [[memori bersama]] atau [[memori lokal]], [[super komputer]] dengan [[prosesor vektor]], beberapa jenis [[GPGPU|mesin pemrosesan grafik]], atau ''[[workstation]]'' dengan [[prosesor skalar]], dan tentu saja [[komputer pribadi]] (PC) yang dapat saling dihubungkan dengan beragam jenis interkoneksi jaringan komputer, mulai dari [[Eternet]] atau [[Fiber Distributed Data Interface|FDDI]].\n\nPVM terdiri atas sebuah lingkungan ''runtime'' dan [[pustaka perangkat lunak|pustaka]] untuk melakukan ''message-passing'', manajemen tugas serta manajemen sumber daya dan tentu saja notifikasi saat terjadi kesalahan (''fault notification''). Memang PVM tidak secara otomatis membuat sebuah paket program komersial untuk berjalan lebih cepat, tapi, PVM menyediakan banyak fungsi yang ''powerful'' untuk secara manual melakukan paralelisasi sebuah program sumber yang telah ada, atau untuk menulis program baru yang menggunakan konsep komputasi terdistribusi/komputasi paralel.\n\nPerangkat lunak PVM harus secara spesifik diinstalasikan di atas masing-masing komputer yang hendak digunakan dalam sebuah mesin virtual (''[[virtual machine]]''). Hingga sekarang tidak ada cara otomatis untuk menginstalasikan program ke dalam komputer jarak jauh melalui PVM, meskipun hanya menyalin folder/[[direktori (sistem berkas)|direktori]] pvm3/lib dan pvm3/bin ke komputer yang lain (lalu menyunting $PVM_ROOT dan $PVM_ARCH) cukup dapat menjalankan program PVM. Namun, melakukan kompilasi atau membangun program PVM membutuhkan instalasi penuh dari PVM.\n\nProgram-program pengguna yang ditulis dalam [[bahasa pemrograman C]], [[C++]] atau [[Fortran]] dapat mengakses PVM melalui rutin-rutin pustaka yang telah disediakan.\n\nPVM juga mendukung ''[[broadcasting]]'' melalui PVM_bcast yang dapat mengirim semua proses dalam sebuah kelompok dan juga ''[[multicasting]]'' melalui PVM_mcast yang mengirim pesan ke sebuah daftar tertentu dari proses.\n\n== Lihat juga ==\n* [[Virtual machine]]\n* [[CORBA]]\n* [[Globus Alliance]]\n* [[occam (programming language)|Occam programming language]]\n* [[Ease (programming language)|Ease programming language]]\n* [[Linda (coordination language)]]\n* [[Calculus of communicating systems]]\n* [[Calculus of Broadcasting Systems]]\n* [[Message Passing Interface]] (MPI)\n\n== Referensi ==\n{{FOLDOC}}\n{{Reflist|2}}\n\n== Pranala luar ==\n* [http://www.csm.ornl.gov/pvm/pvm_home.html PVM home]\n* [http://pvm-plus-plus.sourceforge.net/ PVM++: A C++-Library for PVM]\n* [http://proactive.objectweb.org/ Free library for code mobility]{{Pranala mati|date=Februari 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}\n* [http://www.parawiki.org/index.php/PVM PVM in the Parawiki] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061004162221/http://www.parawiki.org/index.php/PVM |date=2006-10-04 }}\n\n{{Uncategorized|date=Januari 2023}}","hash":"730db8b3edc922fdbebad876f843adb86c59c9dd11c72364e8f8127656b854c9","last_revision":"2023-01-23T10:31:36Z","first_revision":"2010-07-14T02:34:42Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:03.770436","cross_lingual_links":{"cs":"Parallel Virtual Machine","de":"Parallele Virtuelle Maschine","en":"Parallel Virtual Machine","es":"Máquina Virtual Paralela","fa":"ماشین مجازی موازی","fr":"Parallel Virtual Machine","it":"Parallel Virtual Machine","ja":"Parallel Virtual Machine","ko":"패러렐 버추얼 머신","ml":"സമാന്തരമിഥ്യായന്ത്രം","pl":"Parallel Virtual Machine","pt":"Parallel Virtual Machine","ru":"Parallel Virtual Machine","tr":"PVM","uk":"Паралельна віртуальна машина"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:49.578424","text":"Parallel Virtual Machine (disingkat PVM) adalah sebuah perangkat lunak yang digunakan untuk pembuatan jaringan komputer paralel. Perangkat lunak ini didesain sedemikian rupa untuk mengizinkan sebuah jaringan komputer yang heterogen yang terdiri atas mesin yang menjalankan sistem operasi Windows atau Unix agar digunakan sebagai sebuah prosesor paralel tunggal yang terdistribusi. Hal ini bertujuan untuk menyelesaikan beberapa masalah komputasi secara lebih murah dengan menggunakan kemampuan pemrosesan dan memori dari komputer-komputer yang terjaring tersebut. Perangkat lunak itu sendiri bersifat portabel, dan kode sumbernya pun tersedia secara bebas melalui netlib, yang sekarang telah dikompilasi untuk digunakan oleh beragam jenis komputer, dari mulai laptop hingga superkomputer Cray.\n\nPVM mengizinkan pengguna untuk menggunakan perangkat keras komputer yang telah ada untuk menyelesaikan problem yang lebih rumit pada harga yang lebih murah. PVM juga digunakan sebagai alat bantu dalam akademisi, khususnya untuk mengajarkan pemrograman paralel (dalam fakultas ilmu komputer, dan tentu saja digunakan untuk menyelesaikan beberapa masalah praktikal.\n\nVersi pertama dari PVM dikembangkan di ORNL pada tahun 1989, dan lalu setelah dikembangkan dari awal kembali oleh University of Tennessee, versi 2 pun dirilis pada bulan Maret 1991. Versi 3 dirilis pada 1993 dan mendukung fitur toleransi kesalahan (fault-tolerance;;) dan portabilitas yang lebih baik. Versi terbarunya adalah 3.4.6 yang dirilis pada tanggal 2 Februari 2009.\n\nPVM pun terus dikembangkan secara aktif, meskipun maturitas dan stabilitas relatif yang ditunjukkannya tidak seberapa signifikan. PVM dianggap sebagai sebuah langkah baru dalam tren pemrosesan paralel modern dan juga grid computing. Penggunaannya pun banyak, dan kini pun bermunculan beberapa binding bahasa pemrograman yang baru (seperti halnya modul dalam bahasa Perl Parallel::PVM, yang ada dalam pengembangan yang aktif). Antarmuka Perl dirilis di bawah Artistic License, meski PVM sendiri dirilis dengan lisensi BSD License dan GNU General Public License. .\n\nKomputer-komputer individual dapat saja menggunakan multiprosesor dengan memori bersama atau memori lokal, super komputer dengan prosesor vektor, beberapa jenis mesin pemrosesan grafik, atau workstation dengan prosesor skalar, dan tentu saja komputer pribadi (PC) yang dapat saling dihubungkan dengan beragam jenis interkoneksi jaringan komputer, mulai dari Eternet atau FDDI.\n\nPVM terdiri atas sebuah lingkungan runtime dan pustaka untuk melakukan message-passing, manajemen tugas serta manajemen sumber daya dan tentu saja notifikasi saat terjadi kesalahan (fault notification). Memang PVM tidak secara otomatis membuat sebuah paket program komersial untuk berjalan lebih cepat, tapi, PVM menyediakan banyak fungsi yang powerful untuk secara manual melakukan paralelisasi sebuah program sumber yang telah ada, atau untuk menulis program baru yang menggunakan konsep komputasi terdistribusi/komputasi paralel.\n\nPerangkat lunak PVM harus secara spesifik diinstalasikan di atas masing-masing komputer yang hendak digunakan dalam sebuah mesin virtual (virtual machine). Hingga sekarang tidak ada cara otomatis untuk menginstalasikan program ke dalam komputer jarak jauh melalui PVM, meskipun hanya menyalin folder/direktori pvm3/lib dan pvm3/bin ke komputer yang lain (lalu menyunting $PVM_ROOT dan $PVM_ARCH) cukup dapat menjalankan program PVM. Namun, melakukan kompilasi atau membangun program PVM membutuhkan instalasi penuh dari PVM.\n\nProgram-program pengguna yang ditulis dalam bahasa pemrograman C, C++ atau Fortran dapat mengakses PVM melalui rutin-rutin pustaka yang telah disediakan.\n\nPVM juga mendukung broadcasting melalui PVM_bcast yang dapat mengirim semua proses dalam sebuah kelompok dan juga multicasting'' melalui PVM_mcast yang mengirim pesan ke sebuah daftar tertentu dari proses.\n\nVirtual machine CORBA Globus Alliance Occam programming language Ease programming language Linda (coordination language) Calculus of communicating systems Calculus of Broadcasting Systems Message Passing Interface (MPI)\n\nPVM home PVM++: A C++-Library for PVM Free library for code mobility PVM in the Parawiki\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Parallel Virtual Machine (disingkat PVM) adalah sebuah perangkat lunak yang digunakan untuk pembuatan jaringan komputer paralel.","translated_text":"Parallel Virtual Machine (abbreviated PVM) is a software used for the creation of parallel computer networks.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Perangkat lunak ini didesain sedemikian rupa untuk mengizinkan sebuah jaringan komputer yang heterogen yang terdiri atas mesin yang menjalankan sistem operasi Windows atau Unix agar digunakan sebagai sebuah prosesor paralel tunggal yang terdistribusi.","translated_text":"The software is designed in such a way as to allow a heterogeneous computer network consisting of machines running Windows or Unix operating systems to be used as a single distributed parallel processor.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Hal ini bertujuan untuk menyelesaikan beberapa masalah komputasi secara lebih murah dengan menggunakan kemampuan pemrosesan dan memori dari komputer-komputer yang terjaring tersebut.","translated_text":"It aims to solve some computing problems at a cheaper cost by using the processing and memory capabilities of these networked computers.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Perangkat lunak itu sendiri bersifat portabel, dan kode sumbernya pun tersedia secara bebas melalui netlib, yang sekarang telah dikompilasi untuk digunakan oleh beragam jenis komputer, dari mulai laptop hingga superkomputer Cray.","translated_text":"The software itself is portable, and its source code is also freely available through netlib, which has now been compiled for use by various types of computers, from laptops to Cray supercomputers.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[{"content":"{{cite web|url=http://www.csm.ornl.gov/pvm/|title=Parallel Virtual Machine (PVM) Homepage}}","char_index":229,"name":"PvmHome","url":"http://www.csm.ornl.gov/pvm/","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html; charset=UTF-8","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":21168,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:18.226586-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":5,"source_quality_raw_score":0.92529296875}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"PVM mengizinkan pengguna untuk menggunakan perangkat keras komputer yang telah ada untuk menyelesaikan problem yang lebih rumit pada harga yang lebih murah.","translated_text":"PVM allows users to use existing computer hardware to solve more complicated problems at a cheaper price.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"PVM juga digunakan sebagai alat bantu dalam akademisi, khususnya untuk mengajarkan pemrograman paralel (dalam fakultas ilmu komputer, dan tentu saja digunakan untuk menyelesaikan beberapa masalah praktikal.","translated_text":"PVM is also used as an auxiliary tool in academia, particularly to teach parallel programming (in the faculty of computer science, and of course is used to solve some practical problems).","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[{"content":"{{cite web|url=http://www.csm.ornl.gov/pvm/|title=Parallel Virtual Machine (PVM) Homepage}}","char_index":206,"name":"PvmHome","url":"http://www.csm.ornl.gov/pvm/","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html; charset=UTF-8","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":21168,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:18.226586-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":5,"source_quality_raw_score":0.92529296875}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Versi pertama dari PVM dikembangkan di ORNL pada tahun 1989, dan lalu setelah dikembangkan dari awal kembali oleh University of Tennessee, versi 2 pun dirilis pada bulan Maret 1991.","translated_text":"The first version of PVM was developed at ORNL in 1989, and then after being developed from scratch again by the University of Tennessee, version 2 was released in March 1991.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Versi 3 dirilis pada 1993 dan mendukung fitur toleransi kesalahan (fault-tolerance;;) dan portabilitas yang lebih baik.","translated_text":"Version 3 was released in 1993 and supports fault-tolerance and improved portability.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Versi terbarunya adalah 3.4.6 yang dirilis pada tanggal 2 Februari 2009.","translated_text":"Its latest version is 3.4.6 released on February 2, 2009.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"PVM pun terus dikembangkan secara aktif, meskipun maturitas dan stabilitas relatif yang ditunjukkannya tidak seberapa signifikan.","translated_text":"PVM continues to be actively developed, although the relative maturity and stability it shows is not as significant.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"PVM dianggap sebagai sebuah langkah baru dalam tren pemrosesan paralel modern dan juga grid computing.","translated_text":"PVM is considered a new step in the trend of modern parallel processing as well as grid computing.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Penggunaannya pun banyak, dan kini pun bermunculan beberapa binding bahasa pemrograman yang baru (seperti halnya modul dalam bahasa Perl Parallel::PVM, yang ada dalam pengembangan yang aktif).","translated_text":"It is also widely used, and some new programming language bindings are emerging (such as the modules in the Parallel::PVM Perl language, which are in active development).","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Antarmuka Perl dirilis di bawah Artistic License, meski PVM sendiri dirilis dengan lisensi BSD License dan GNU General Public License. .","translated_text":"The Perl interface is released under the Artistic License, although PVM itself is released under the BSD License and GNU General Public License.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{cite web |url=http://search.cpan.org/src/DLECONTE/Parallel-Pvm-1.4.0/README |title=Perl PVM README |quote=This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself. }}","char_index":49,"name":null,"url":"http://search.cpan.org/src/DLECONTE/Parallel-Pvm-1.4.0/README","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/plain","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":21,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:18.736848-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":"Text is empty","source_snippet":"This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.","source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Detail","translated_text":"Details","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Komputer","translated_text":"The computer","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"-komputer individual dapat saja menggunakan multiprosesor dengan memori bersama atau memori lokal, super komputer dengan prosesor vektor, beberapa jenis mesin pemrosesan grafik, atau workstation dengan prosesor skalar, dan tentu saja komputer pribadi (PC) yang dapat saling dihubungkan dengan beragam jenis interkoneksi jaringan komputer, mulai dari Eternet atau FDDI.","translated_text":"Individual computers can be multiprocessors with shared or local memory, supercomputers with vector processors, some types of graphics processing machines, or workstations with scalar processors, and of course personal computers (PCs) that can be interconnected with various types of computer network interconnections, from the Internet or FDDI.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"PVM terdiri atas sebuah lingkungan runtime dan pustaka untuk melakukan message-passing, manajemen tugas serta manajemen sumber daya dan tentu saja notifikasi saat terjadi kesalahan (fault notification).","translated_text":"PVM consists of a runtime environment and library to perform message-passing, task management as well as resource management and of course error notification.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Memang PVM tidak secara otomatis membuat sebuah paket program komersial untuk berjalan lebih cepat, tapi, PVM menyediakan banyak fungsi yang powerful untuk secara manual melakukan paralelisasi sebuah program sumber yang telah ada, atau untuk menulis program baru yang menggunakan konsep komputasi terdistribusi/komputasi paralel.","translated_text":"It's true that PVM doesn't automatically create a commercial program package to run faster, but PVM provides many powerful functions to manually parallel an existing source program, or to write a new program that uses the concept of distributed computing/parallel computing.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Perangkat lunak PVM harus secara spesifik diinstalasikan di atas masing-masing komputer yang hendak digunakan dalam sebuah mesin virtual (virtual machine).","translated_text":"PVM software must be specifically installed on each computer to be used in a virtual machine.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Hingga sekarang tidak ada cara otomatis untuk menginstalasikan program ke dalam komputer jarak jauh melalui PVM, meskipun hanya menyalin folder/direktori pvm3/lib dan pvm3/bin ke komputer yang lain (lalu menyunting $PVM_ROOT dan $PVM_ARCH) cukup dapat menjalankan program PVM.","translated_text":"Until now there was no automated way to install a program into a remote computer via PVM, although only copying folders/directories pvm3/lib and pvm3/bin to another computer (and then editing $PVM_ROOT and $PVM_ARCH) was enough to run a PVM program.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Namun, melakukan kompilasi atau membangun program PVM membutuhkan instalasi penuh dari PVM.","translated_text":"However, compiling or building PVM programs requires full installation of PVM.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Program-program pengguna yang ditulis dalam bahasa pemrograman C, C++ atau Fortran dapat mengakses PVM melalui rutin-rutin pustaka yang telah disediakan.","translated_text":"User programs written in the C, C++ or Fortran programming languages can access PVM through the library routines that have been provided.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"PVM juga mendukung broadcasting melalui PVM_bcast yang dapat mengirim semua proses dalam sebuah kelompok dan juga multicasting'' melalui PVM_mcast yang mengirim pesan ke sebuah daftar tertentu dari proses.","translated_text":"PVM also supports broadcasting via PVM_bcast which can send all processes in a group and also multicasting' via PVM_mcast which sends messages to a specific list of processes.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Lihat juga","translated_text":"See also","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Virtual machine CORBA Globus Alliance Occam programming language Ease programming language Linda (coordination language) Calculus of communicating systems Calculus of Broadcasting Systems Message Passing Interface (MPI)","translated_text":"Virtual machine CORBA Globus Alliance Occam programming language Ease programming language Linda (coordination language) Calculus of communicating systems Calculus of Broadcasting Systems Message Passing Interface (MPI)","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Referensi","translated_text":"References","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"heading","text":"Pranala luar","translated_text":"External connections","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"PVM home PVM++: A C++-Library for PVM Free library for code mobility PVM in the Parawiki","translated_text":"PVM home PVM++: A C++-Library for PVM","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061004162221/http://www.parawiki.org/index.php/PVM |date=2006-10-04 }}","char_index":88,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20061004162221/http://www.parawiki.org/index.php/PVM","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:19.929967-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[{"text":"Perangkat lunak ini didesain sedemikian rupa untuk mengizinkan sebuah jaringan komputer yang heterogen yang terdiri atas mesin yang menjalankan sistem operasi Windows atau Unix agar digunakan sebagai sebuah prosesor paralel tunggal yang terdistribusi. Hal ini bertujuan untuk menyelesaikan beberapa masalah komputasi secara lebih murah dengan menggunakan kemampuan pemrosesan dan memori dari komputer-komputer yang terjaring tersebut. Perangkat lunak itu sendiri bersifat portabel, dan kode sumbernya pun tersedia secara bebas melalui netlib, yang sekarang telah dikompilasi untuk digunakan oleh beragam jenis komputer, dari mulai laptop hingga superkomputer Cray.","translated_text":"The software is designed in such a way as to allow a heterogeneous computer network consisting of machines running Windows or Unix operating systems to be used as a single distributed parallel processor. It aims to solve some computing problems at a cheaper cost by using the processing and memory capabilities of these networked computers. The software itself is portable, and its source code is also freely available through netlib, which has now been compiled for use by various types of computers, from laptops to Cray supercomputers.","citations":[{"content":"{{cite web|url=http://www.csm.ornl.gov/pvm/|title=Parallel Virtual Machine (PVM) Homepage}}","char_index":664,"name":"PvmHome","url":"http://www.csm.ornl.gov/pvm/","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html; charset=UTF-8","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":21168,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:18.226586-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":5,"source_quality_raw_score":0.92529296875}]},{"text":"PVM mengizinkan pengguna untuk menggunakan perangkat keras komputer yang telah ada untuk menyelesaikan problem yang lebih rumit pada harga yang lebih murah. PVM juga digunakan sebagai alat bantu dalam akademisi, khususnya untuk mengajarkan pemrograman paralel (dalam fakultas ilmu komputer, dan tentu saja digunakan untuk menyelesaikan beberapa masalah praktikal.","translated_text":"PVM allows users to use existing computer hardware to solve more complicated problems at a cheaper price. PVM is also used as an auxiliary tool in academia, particularly to teach parallel programming (in the faculty of computer science, and of course is used to solve some practical problems).","citations":[{"content":"{{cite web|url=http://www.csm.ornl.gov/pvm/|title=Parallel Virtual Machine (PVM) Homepage}}","char_index":363,"name":"PvmHome","url":"http://www.csm.ornl.gov/pvm/","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html; charset=UTF-8","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":21168,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:18.226586-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":5,"source_quality_raw_score":0.92529296875}]},{"text":"PVM dianggap sebagai sebuah langkah baru dalam tren pemrosesan paralel modern dan juga grid computing. Penggunaannya pun banyak, dan kini pun bermunculan beberapa binding bahasa pemrograman yang baru (seperti halnya modul dalam bahasa Perl Parallel::PVM, yang ada dalam pengembangan yang aktif). Antarmuka Perl dirilis di bawah Artistic License, meski PVM sendiri dirilis dengan lisensi BSD License dan GNU General Public License. .","translated_text":"PVM is considered a new step in the trend of modern parallel processing as well as grid computing. It is also widely used, and some new programming language bindings are emerging (such as the modules in the Parallel::PVM Perl language, which are in active development). The Perl interface is released under the Artistic License, although PVM itself is released under the BSD License and GNU General Public License.","citations":[{"content":"{{cite web |url=http://search.cpan.org/src/DLECONTE/Parallel-Pvm-1.4.0/README |title=Perl PVM README |quote=This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself. }}","char_index":345,"name":null,"url":"http://search.cpan.org/src/DLECONTE/Parallel-Pvm-1.4.0/README","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/plain","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":21,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:18.736848-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":"Text is empty","source_snippet":"This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.","source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"PVM home PVM++: A C++-Library for PVM Free library for code mobility PVM in the Parawiki","translated_text":"PVM home PVM++: A C++-Library for PVM","citations":[{"content":"{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061004162221/http://www.parawiki.org/index.php/PVM |date=2006-10-04 }}","char_index":88,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20061004162221/http://www.parawiki.org/index.php/PVM","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:19.929967-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]}]} +{"title":"Break Up Club","wikicode":"{{Infobox Film\n|name = Break Up Club\n|image = Break Up Club poster.jpg\n|image_size = 200px\n|director = [[Barbara Wong]]\n|producer = [[Lawrence Cheng]]
[[Barbara Wong]]
[[Gus Liem]]\n|writer = [[Lawrence Cheng]]
[[Barbara Wong]]\n|narrator = \n|starring = [[Jaycee Chan]]
[[Fiona Sit]]
[[Patrick Tang]]
[[Hayama Go]]
[[Bonnie Sin]]\n|music = \n|cinematography = \n|editing = [[Azrael Chung]]\n|studio = \n|distributor = [[Golden Scene Co. Ltd.]]\n|released = {{negara|Hong Kong}} {{start date|2010|6|16|df=y}}\n|runtime = 104 menit\n|country = {{negara|Hong Kong}} [[Hong Kong]]\n|language = [[Bahasa Kanton|Kantonis]]\n|budget = \n|gross =\n|preceded_by = \n|followed_by = \n}}\n\n'''''Break Up Club''''' ({{zh-tsp|t=分手說愛你|s=分手说爱你|p=Fēn Shǒu Shuō Ài Nǐ}}; Jyutping: ''Fan1 Sau2 Syut3 Oi3 Nei2'') adalah sebuah film [[drama]]-[[romantis]] buatan tahun [[2010]] dan disutradarai oleh [[Barbara Wong]]. Film ini dikenal untuk pemeran-pemerannya yang merupakan aktor-aktor bintang Tionghoa: [[Jaycee Chan]], [[Fiona Sit]], [[Patrick Tang]], [[Hayama Go]], [[Bonnie Sin]], dan masih banyak lagi. Tanggal rilisnya pada [[16 Juni]] [[2010]]. Film ini berkisah sebuah situs web yang memungkinkan pengguna untuk memenangkan kembali cinta kehilangan, sehingga selama mereka setuju untuk memecah pasangan bahagia lain.\n\n== Pemeran ==\n{| class=\"wikitable\"\n|-\n! width=50% | Pemain\n! width=50% | Peran\n|-\n| [[Jaycee Chan]] || Joe\n|-\n| [[Fiona Sit]] || Flora\n|-\n| [[Patrick Tang]] || Sunny\n|-\n| [[Hiro Hayama]] ||\n|-\n| [[Bonnie Sin]] ||\n|-\n|}\n\n== Pranala luar ==\n* {{zh}} {{en}} [http://www.breakupclub.asia Situs web resmi] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120306192136/http://www.breakupclub.asia/ |date=2012-03-06 }}\n* {{en}} [http://www.hkmdb.com/db/movies/view.mhtml?id=14335&display_set=eng ''Break Up Club''] di [[Hong Kong Movie Database]]\n* {{imdb judul|id=1517633|judul=Break Up Club}}\n* {{en}} [http://www.fareastfilms.com/newsPage/Trailer-And-Poster-For-Break-Up-Club-2064.htm Far East Films - Trailer dan Poster di 'Break Up Club'] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100625011039/http://www.fareastfilms.com/newsPage/Trailer-And-Poster-For-Break-Up-Club-2064.htm |date=2010-06-25 }}\n* {{en}} [http://www.hkcinemagic.com/en/movie.asp?id=11385 ''Break Up Club''] di [[Hong Kong Cinemagic]]\n\n[[Kategori:Film Hong Kong tahun 2010]]\n[[Kategori:Film drama]]\n[[Kategori:Film romantis]]\n[[Kategori:Film berbahasa Kanton]]\n\n\n{{HongKong-film-stub}}","hash":"bee2cec237a9a6c7183b2606da0c9f88ddf988903be1a0430b2369bd7ea97615","last_revision":"2022-11-25T00:55:36Z","first_revision":"2010-07-14T02:41:43Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:03.825495","cross_lingual_links":{"cy":"Break Up Club","en":"Break Up Club","zh":"分手说爱你","zh-yue":"分手說愛你"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:49.578424","text":"Break Up Club (; Jyutping: Fan1 Sau2 Syut3 Oi3 Nei2) adalah sebuah film drama-romantis buatan tahun 2010 dan disutradarai oleh Barbara Wong. Film ini dikenal untuk pemeran-pemerannya yang merupakan aktor-aktor bintang Tionghoa: Jaycee Chan, Fiona Sit, Patrick Tang, Hayama Go, Bonnie Sin, dan masih banyak lagi. Tanggal rilisnya pada 16 Juni 2010. Film ini berkisah sebuah situs web yang memungkinkan pengguna untuk memenangkan kembali cinta kehilangan, sehingga selama mereka setuju untuk memecah pasangan bahagia lain.\n\nSitus web resmi Break Up Club di Hong Kong Movie Database\n\nFar East Films - Trailer dan Poster di 'Break Up Club' Break Up Club di Hong Kong Cinemagic\n\nKategori:Film Hong Kong tahun 2010 Kategori:Film drama Kategori:Film romantis Kategori:Film berbahasa Kanton\n","elements":[{"type":"infobox","content":"{{Infobox Film\n|name = Break Up Club\n|image = Break Up Club poster.jpg\n|image_size = 200px\n|director = [[Barbara Wong]]\n|producer = [[Lawrence Cheng]]
[[Barbara Wong]]
[[Gus Liem]]\n|writer = [[Lawrence Cheng]]
[[Barbara Wong]]\n|narrator = \n|starring = [[Jaycee Chan]]
[[Fiona Sit]]
[[Patrick Tang]]
[[Hayama Go]]
[[Bonnie Sin]]\n|music = \n|cinematography = \n|editing = [[Azrael Chung]]\n|studio = \n|distributor = [[Golden Scene Co. Ltd.]]\n|released = {{negara|Hong Kong}} {{start date|2010|6|16|df=y}}\n|runtime = 104 menit\n|country = {{negara|Hong Kong}} [[Hong Kong]]\n|language = [[Bahasa Kanton|Kantonis]]\n|budget = \n|gross =\n|preceded_by = \n|followed_by = \n}}"},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Break Up Club (; Jyutping: Fan1 Sau2 Syut3 Oi3 Nei2) adalah sebuah film drama-romantis buatan tahun 2010 dan disutradarai oleh Barbara Wong.","translated_text":"Break Up Club (; Jyutping: Fan1 Sau2 Syut3 Oi3 Nei2) is a 2010 drama-romance film made and directed by Barbara Wong.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Film ini dikenal untuk pemeran-pemerannya yang merupakan aktor-aktor bintang Tionghoa: Jaycee Chan, Fiona Sit, Patrick Tang, Hayama Go, Bonnie Sin, dan masih banyak lagi.","translated_text":"The film is known for its star-starring Chinese actors: Jaycee Chan, Fiona Sit, Patrick Tang, Hayama Go, Bonnie Sin, and many more.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Tanggal rilisnya pada 16 Juni 2010.","translated_text":"The release date is June 16, 2010.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Film ini berkisah sebuah situs web yang memungkinkan pengguna untuk memenangkan kembali cinta kehilangan, sehingga selama mereka setuju untuk memecah pasangan bahagia lain.","translated_text":"The film tells the story of a website that allows users to win back lost love, so long as they agree to break up another happy couple.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Pemeran","translated_text":"Actors","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"table","content":"{| class=\"wikitable\"\n|-\n! width=50% | Pemain\n! width=50% | Peran\n|-\n| [[Jaycee Chan]] || Joe\n|-\n| [[Fiona Sit]] || Flora\n|-\n| [[Patrick Tang]] || Sunny\n|-\n| [[Hiro Hayama]] ||\n|-\n| [[Bonnie Sin]] ||\n|-\n|}"},{"type":"heading","text":"Pranala luar","translated_text":"External connections","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Situs web resmi Break Up Club di Hong Kong Movie Database","translated_text":"The official website of the Break Up Club in the Hong Kong Movie Database","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[{"content":"{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120306192136/http://www.breakupclub.asia/ |date=2012-03-06 }}","char_index":16,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20120306192136/http://www.breakupclub.asia/","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:20.000827-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Far East Films - Trailer dan Poster di 'Break Up Club' Break Up Club di Hong Kong Cinemagic","translated_text":"Far East Films - Trailer and poster at the Break Up Club Break Up Club in Hong Kong Cinemagic","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[{"content":"{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100625011039/http://www.fareastfilms.com/newsPage/Trailer-And-Poster-For-Break-Up-Club-2064.htm |date=2010-06-25 }}","char_index":55,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20100625011039/http://www.fareastfilms.com/newsPage/Trailer-And-Poster-For-Break-Up-Club-2064.htm","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:20.070487-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kategori","translated_text":"Categories","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":":Film Hong Kong tahun 2010 Kategori:Film drama Kategori:Film romantis Kategori:Film berbahasa Kanton","translated_text":":Hong Kong film of 2010 Category:Dramatic films Category:Romantic films Category:Cantonese language films","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[{"text":"Situs web resmi Break Up Club di Hong Kong Movie Database","translated_text":"The official website of the Break Up Club in the Hong Kong Movie Database","citations":[{"content":"{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120306192136/http://www.breakupclub.asia/ |date=2012-03-06 }}","char_index":16,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20120306192136/http://www.breakupclub.asia/","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:20.000827-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Far East Films - Trailer dan Poster di 'Break Up Club' Break Up Club di Hong Kong Cinemagic","translated_text":"Far East Films - Trailer and poster at the Break Up Club Break Up Club in Hong Kong Cinemagic","citations":[{"content":"{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100625011039/http://www.fareastfilms.com/newsPage/Trailer-And-Poster-For-Break-Up-Club-2064.htm |date=2010-06-25 }}","char_index":55,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20100625011039/http://www.fareastfilms.com/newsPage/Trailer-And-Poster-For-Break-Up-Club-2064.htm","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:20.070487-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]}]} +{"title":"OMF International","wikicode":"{{Infobox Non-profit\n| Non-profit_name = OMF International\n| Non-profit_logo = [[Berkas:LogoOMF.png]]\n| Non-profit_type = Agensi Misi Penginjilan\n| founded_date = 25 Juni 1865\n| founder = [[Hudson Taylor]]\n| location =\n| origins = China Inland Mission (hingga 1964)\n| key_people = \n| area_served = 25 Negara\n| focus = \n| method = \n| revenue = \n| endowment = \n| num_volunteers =\n| num_employees = \n| num_members = \n| owner = \n| Non-profit_slogan = \n| homepage = http://omf.org http://www.chinasmillions.org/\n| dissolved = \n| footnotes = \n}}\n'''OMF International''' (sebelumnya '''Overseas Missionary Fellowship''' dan sebelum [[1964]] bernama '''China Inland Mission''') adalah sebuah lembaga [[misionaris]] [[Kristen Protestan]] [[interdenominasi]], yang didirikan di [[Britania]] oleh [[Hudson Taylor]] pada tanggal [[25 Juni]] [[1865]].\n\n== Sejarah ==\n[[Berkas:J Hudson Taylor 1865.jpg|jmpl|kiri|100px|Hudson Taylor sekitar 1865]]\n[[Hudson Taylor]] membuat keputusan pertama untuk mendirikan China Inland Mission di [[Brighton]], [[Inggris]] selama cuti pertama dari [[Tiongkok]]. Seperti nenek moyang misionarinya [[Karl Gützlaff]] dan seangkatannya [[William Chalmers Burns]], Taylor yakin bahwa pakaian Tiongkok harus dipakai ketika terlibat dalam pekerjaan misionaris di pedalaman Tiongkok. Pada tanggal [[3 Oktober]] [[1865]], Taylor mengirim John dan Anne Stevenson dan [[George Stott]] ke Tiongkok, di mana mereka tiba pada tanggal [[6 Februari]] [[1866]]. Termasuk lima misionaris yang sebelumnya dikirim ke [[Ningbo]]-[[James Joseph Meadows]], Jean Notman, Stephen Paul Barchet, dan George dan Anne Crombie, delapan orang ini sudah di Tiongkok ketika Taylor kembali pada tahun 1866. Pada tanggal [[26 Mei]] tahun itu, Taylor menyertai kelompok misionaris terbesar yang pernah berlayar ke Tiongkok pada Lammermuir. Ada 16 orang misionaris beserta Hudson, istrinya, Maria dan 4 anak mereka yang dikenal sebagai Partai Lammermuir. Perjalanan ini memakan waktu selama 4 bulan.\n[[Berkas:lammermuirparty.jpg|jmpl|ka|200px|Partai Lammermuir berlayar pada tanggal 26 Mei 1866.]]\nPada tahun [[1872]], dewan London China Inland Mission dibentuk. Pada tahun [[1875]], ia mulai menginjili Tiongkok secara sistematis. Taylor meminta 18 misionaris dari Tuhan untuk sembilan provinsi yang masih belum terjangkau. Pada [[1881]], dia minta lebih dari 70 misionaris, dan pada 1886, 100 misionaris. Pada tahun [[1887]] \"[[Seratus misionaris]]\" dikirim ke Tiongkok. Taylor melakukan perjalanan di beberapa benua untuk merekrut anggota China Inland Mission. Pada akhir abad Ke-19, CIM dikenal di seluruh dunia.\n\n=== Krisis Boxer tahun 1900 ===\nPada [[1900]], serangan terjadi di seluruh Tiongkok sehubungan dengan [[Pemberontakan Boxer]] yang ditargetkan kepada orang Kristen dan orang asing. China Inland Mission kehilangan anggota dibandingkan lembaga lain: 58 orang dewasa dan 21 anak-anak tewas. Namun, pada tahun [[1901]], ketika bangsa-bangsa serumpun menuntut ganti rugi dari pemerintah Tiongkok, Hudson Taylor menolak untuk menerima pembayaran untuk kerugian harta benda atau kehidupan dalam rangka untuk menunjukkan kelembutan Kristus ke Tiongkok. Pada tahun yang sama, [[Dixon Edward Hoste]] diangkat menjadi direktur misi.\n\n=== Pertumbuhan di tengah perang dan revolusi ===\n\nPada awal 1900-an terlihat ekspansi besar dari kegiatan misionaris di Tiongkok setelah Pemberontakan Boxer dan selama Revolusi [[1912]] dan berdirinya Republik Tiongkok. [[William Whiting Borden]], pewaris kaya dari keluarga [[Borden, Inc.]], yang lulus dari [[Yale]] pada [[1909]], meninggalkan kehidupan yang nyaman di Amerika untuk menanggapi seruan kepada pekerja dengan kaum Muslim di barat laut Tiongkok. Ia meninggal di [[Mesir]] saat masih dalam pelatihan.\n\nSeorang musisi dan seorang insinyur bernama [[James O. Fraser]] adalah yang pertama untuk membawa pesan Injil kepada suku-suku Lisu Yunnan di Tiongkok barat daya. Hal ini mengakibatkan pertumbuhan gereja secara fenomenal di antara berbagai suku bangsa di daerah yang bertahan sampai abad ke-21.\n\nPeriode ''Warlord'' menimbulkan pelanggaran hukum secara meluas ke Tiongkok dan pekerjaan misionaris sering kali berbahaya dan mengancam jiwa. [[John dan Betty Stam]] adalah pasangan muda yang dibunuh pada tahun 1934 oleh tentara [[Komunis]]. Biografi mereka \"''The Triumph of John and Betty Stam''\" mengilhami generasi misionaris untuk mengikuti langkah yang sama dalam pelayanan meskipun penganiayaan dan perang berkecamuk di Tiongkok pada 1930-an dan 1940-an.\n\nInvasi [[Jepang]] makin menyulitkan upaya sebagai ketidakpercayaan Jepang siapapun yang berkebangsaan Inggris atau Amerika. Ketika Jepang menginvasi Tiongkok dalam [[Perang Dunia II]], China Inland Mission memindahkan kantor pusatnya ke [[Sungai Yangzi]] menuju [[Chongqing]]. Banyak misionaris yang dimasukkan ke kamp-kamp konsentrasi sampai akhir perang. Salah satu kamp tersebut berada di [[Weifang]]. Seluruh [[Sekolah Chefoo]] yang dijalankan oleh misi di [[Yantai]] dipenjarakan di sebuah kamp konsentrasi. Pada saat anak-anak dan guru-guru berbaris mereka menyanyikan:\n{{cquote|\"Allah bagi kita adalah tempat perlindungan dan kekuatan,\nmenyertai kita dalam kesulitan.\nOleh sebab itu kita tidak akan takut.\nTuhan semesta alam beserta kita,\nAllah Yakub adalah kota benteng kita (Mazmur 46:1,7)}}\nPara siswa dipisahkan dari orang tua mereka selama lebih dari 5 tahun.\n\nPada 1900 diperkirakan ada sekitar 100.000 orang Kristen di Tiongkok. Jumlahya menjadi tujuh kali lipatnya pada tahun [[1950]] (700.000). Gereja Tiongkok mulai menjadi gerakan masyarakat adat dibantu oleh pemimpin-pemimpin yang kuat seperti [[John Sung]], [[Wang Ming-Dao]], dan [[Andrew Gih]].\n\n== Dari C.I.M. menjadi O.M.F ==\n[[Phyllis Thompson]] menulis bahwa antara [[1949]] dan [[1952]], setelah kemenangan tentara Komunis, ada sebuah \"''reluctant exodus''\" dari semua anggota China Inland Mission. Para pemimpin bertemu di [[Bournemouth]], [[Inggris]] untuk membahas situasi dan keputusan itu dibuat untuk kembali menyebarkan semua misionaris ke seluruh [[Asia Timur]]. Markas Besar dipindahkan ke [[Singapura]] dan pekerjaan dimulai di [[Jepang]], [[Taiwan]], [[Hong Kong]], [[Filipina]], [[Thailand]], [[Malaysia]], [[Singapura]], [[Vietnam]], [[Kamboja]], [[Laos]], dan [[Indonesia]]. Selain mengurangi beberapa bahasa untuk bentuk tertulis, [[Alkitab]] diterjemahkan, dan pendidikan [[teologi]] dasar diberikan kepada kelompok suku terabaikan. Publikasi dan distribusi dari literatur Kristen diprioritaskan di antara kedua orang-orang suku pedesaan dan kelas pekerja perkotaan dan para siswa. Tujuannya tetap bagi setiap komunitas untuk memiliki sebuah [[gereja]] di Asia Timur dan dengan demikian [[Injil]] akan diberitakan \"untuk setiap makhluk\". Proklamasi pesan Kristen juga termasuk pekerjaan medis. Tiga rumah sakit dibuka di pedesaan Thailand serta program pengendalian kusta. Banyak dari pasien pengungsi. Di Filipina, program pengembangan masyarakat diluncurkan. Rehabilitasi pecandu alkohol dimulai di Jepang, dan rehabilitasi di antara pekerja seks dimulai di [[Taipei]] dan [[Bangkok]].\n\nPada 1980, cucu besar dari Hudson Taylor, [[James Hudson Taylor III]], menjadi Direktur Jenderal pekerjaan misi. Menurut Taylor pada tahun 1989, {{cquote|\"Persekutuan ini tidak memiliki keinginan untuk kembali memantapkan diri di sana (di Tiongkok) dalam bentuk yang dimiliki sebelumnya\", namun ia juga menegaskan bahwa \"OMF masih sangat berkomitmen untuk rakyat Tiongkok. Kita tidak pernah bisa lupa bahwa kita pernah ada sebagai China Inland Mission. Sejak \"''reluctant exodus''\", kita meminta seluruh gereja di seluruh dunia untuk berdoa bagi saudara-saudara kita di Tiongkok, dan untuk berbagi dalam pewartaan Injil dan memelihara jutaan orang percaya baru melalui siaran radio dan penyediaan Alkitab dan literatur Kristen.\"}} Pekerjaan itu terus sampai sekarang. [[Patrick Fung]], seorang Kristen Tiongkok ditunjuk pada tahun [[2005]], adalah yang pertama di Asia untuk memimpin misi.\n\n== Pranala luar ==\n* [http://www.omf.org/ Situs resmi OMF International]\n* [http://www.wheaton.edu/bgc/archives/GUIDES/215.htm#501 Wheaton College Billy Graham Center Archives of the China Inland Mission] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071121015956/http://www.wheaton.edu/bgc/archives/GUIDES/215.htm#501 |date=2007-11-21 }}\n* http://www.missionaryetexts.org/\n* http://www.worldinvisible.com/library/hudsontaylor/hudsontaylorv1/hudsontaylorv1tc.htm\n\n{{DEFAULTSORT:Omf International}}\n[[Kategori:Lembaga misionaris Kristen]]","hash":"7bc5a6247ed4976ab1a025af940f1870390e6215942050c49d9761265459d6ee","last_revision":"2021-03-01T14:32:43Z","first_revision":"2010-07-14T02:57:36Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:03.923076","cross_lingual_links":{"de":"OMF International","en":"OMF International","fi":"Kiinan Sisämaanlähetys","fr":"OMF International","ja":"OMF","nl":"China Inland Mission","nb":"China Inland Mission","pl":"Overseas Missionary Fellowship International","pt":"OMF International","ru":"Зарубежное миссионерское братство","simple":"OMF International","sv":"Kinesiska inlandsmissionen","zh":"海外基督使團"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:49.578424","text":"OMF International (sebelumnya Overseas Missionary Fellowship dan sebelum 1964 bernama China Inland Mission) adalah sebuah lembaga misionaris Kristen Protestan interdenominasi, yang didirikan di Britania oleh Hudson Taylor pada tanggal 25 Juni 1865.\n\nHudson Taylor membuat keputusan pertama untuk mendirikan China Inland Mission di Brighton, Inggris selama cuti pertama dari Tiongkok. Seperti nenek moyang misionarinya Karl Gützlaff dan seangkatannya William Chalmers Burns, Taylor yakin bahwa pakaian Tiongkok harus dipakai ketika terlibat dalam pekerjaan misionaris di pedalaman Tiongkok. Pada tanggal 3 Oktober 1865, Taylor mengirim John dan Anne Stevenson dan George Stott ke Tiongkok, di mana mereka tiba pada tanggal 6 Februari 1866. Termasuk lima misionaris yang sebelumnya dikirim ke Ningbo-James Joseph Meadows, Jean Notman, Stephen Paul Barchet, dan George dan Anne Crombie, delapan orang ini sudah di Tiongkok ketika Taylor kembali pada tahun 1866. Pada tanggal 26 Mei tahun itu, Taylor menyertai kelompok misionaris terbesar yang pernah berlayar ke Tiongkok pada Lammermuir. Ada 16 orang misionaris beserta Hudson, istrinya, Maria dan 4 anak mereka yang dikenal sebagai Partai Lammermuir. Perjalanan ini memakan waktu selama 4 bulan.\n\nPada tahun 1872, dewan London China Inland Mission dibentuk. Pada tahun 1875, ia mulai menginjili Tiongkok secara sistematis. Taylor meminta 18 misionaris dari Tuhan untuk sembilan provinsi yang masih belum terjangkau. Pada 1881, dia minta lebih dari 70 misionaris, dan pada 1886, 100 misionaris. Pada tahun 1887 \"Seratus misionaris\" dikirim ke Tiongkok. Taylor melakukan perjalanan di beberapa benua untuk merekrut anggota China Inland Mission. Pada akhir abad Ke-19, CIM dikenal di seluruh dunia.\n\nPada 1900, serangan terjadi di seluruh Tiongkok sehubungan dengan Pemberontakan Boxer yang ditargetkan kepada orang Kristen dan orang asing. China Inland Mission kehilangan anggota dibandingkan lembaga lain: 58 orang dewasa dan 21 anak-anak tewas. Namun, pada tahun 1901, ketika bangsa-bangsa serumpun menuntut ganti rugi dari pemerintah Tiongkok, Hudson Taylor menolak untuk menerima pembayaran untuk kerugian harta benda atau kehidupan dalam rangka untuk menunjukkan kelembutan Kristus ke Tiongkok. Pada tahun yang sama, Dixon Edward Hoste diangkat menjadi direktur misi.\n\nPada awal 1900-an terlihat ekspansi besar dari kegiatan misionaris di Tiongkok setelah Pemberontakan Boxer dan selama Revolusi 1912 dan berdirinya Republik Tiongkok. William Whiting Borden, pewaris kaya dari keluarga Borden, Inc., yang lulus dari Yale pada 1909, meninggalkan kehidupan yang nyaman di Amerika untuk menanggapi seruan kepada pekerja dengan kaum Muslim di barat laut Tiongkok. Ia meninggal di Mesir saat masih dalam pelatihan.\n\nSeorang musisi dan seorang insinyur bernama James O. Fraser adalah yang pertama untuk membawa pesan Injil kepada suku-suku Lisu Yunnan di Tiongkok barat daya. Hal ini mengakibatkan pertumbuhan gereja secara fenomenal di antara berbagai suku bangsa di daerah yang bertahan sampai abad ke-21.\n\nPeriode Warlord menimbulkan pelanggaran hukum secara meluas ke Tiongkok dan pekerjaan misionaris sering kali berbahaya dan mengancam jiwa. John dan Betty Stam adalah pasangan muda yang dibunuh pada tahun 1934 oleh tentara Komunis. Biografi mereka \"The Triumph of John and Betty Stam\" mengilhami generasi misionaris untuk mengikuti langkah yang sama dalam pelayanan meskipun penganiayaan dan perang berkecamuk di Tiongkok pada 1930-an dan 1940-an.\n\nInvasi Jepang makin menyulitkan upaya sebagai ketidakpercayaan Jepang siapapun yang berkebangsaan Inggris atau Amerika. Ketika Jepang menginvasi Tiongkok dalam Perang Dunia II, China Inland Mission memindahkan kantor pusatnya ke Sungai Yangzi menuju Chongqing. Banyak misionaris yang dimasukkan ke kamp-kamp konsentrasi sampai akhir perang. Salah satu kamp tersebut berada di Weifang. Seluruh Sekolah Chefoo yang dijalankan oleh misi di Yantai dipenjarakan di sebuah kamp konsentrasi. Pada saat anak-anak dan guru-guru berbaris mereka menyanyikan:\n\nPara siswa dipisahkan dari orang tua mereka selama lebih dari 5 tahun.\n\nPada 1900 diperkirakan ada sekitar 100.000 orang Kristen di Tiongkok. Jumlahya menjadi tujuh kali lipatnya pada tahun 1950 (700.000). Gereja Tiongkok mulai menjadi gerakan masyarakat adat dibantu oleh pemimpin-pemimpin yang kuat seperti John Sung, Wang Ming-Dao, dan Andrew Gih.\n\nPhyllis Thompson menulis bahwa antara 1949 dan 1952, setelah kemenangan tentara Komunis, ada sebuah \"reluctant exodus\" dari semua anggota China Inland Mission. Para pemimpin bertemu di Bournemouth, Inggris untuk membahas situasi dan keputusan itu dibuat untuk kembali menyebarkan semua misionaris ke seluruh Asia Timur. Markas Besar dipindahkan ke Singapura dan pekerjaan dimulai di Jepang, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Filipina, Thailand, Malaysia, Singapura, Vietnam, Kamboja, Laos, dan Indonesia. Selain mengurangi beberapa bahasa untuk bentuk tertulis, Alkitab diterjemahkan, dan pendidikan teologi dasar diberikan kepada kelompok suku terabaikan. Publikasi dan distribusi dari literatur Kristen diprioritaskan di antara kedua orang-orang suku pedesaan dan kelas pekerja perkotaan dan para siswa. Tujuannya tetap bagi setiap komunitas untuk memiliki sebuah gereja di Asia Timur dan dengan demikian Injil akan diberitakan \"untuk setiap makhluk\". Proklamasi pesan Kristen juga termasuk pekerjaan medis. Tiga rumah sakit dibuka di pedesaan Thailand serta program pengendalian kusta. Banyak dari pasien pengungsi. Di Filipina, program pengembangan masyarakat diluncurkan. Rehabilitasi pecandu alkohol dimulai di Jepang, dan rehabilitasi di antara pekerja seks dimulai di Taipei dan Bangkok.\n\nPada 1980, cucu besar dari Hudson Taylor, James Hudson Taylor III, menjadi Direktur Jenderal pekerjaan misi. Menurut Taylor pada tahun 1989, Pekerjaan itu terus sampai sekarang. Patrick Fung, seorang Kristen Tiongkok ditunjuk pada tahun 2005, adalah yang pertama di Asia untuk memimpin misi.\n\nSitus resmi OMF International Wheaton College Billy Graham Center Archives of the China Inland Mission\n\nKategori:Lembaga misionaris Kristen\n","elements":[{"type":"infobox","content":"{{Infobox Non-profit\n| Non-profit_name = OMF International\n| Non-profit_logo = [[Berkas:LogoOMF.png]]\n| Non-profit_type = Agensi Misi Penginjilan\n| founded_date = 25 Juni 1865\n| founder = [[Hudson Taylor]]\n| location =\n| origins = China Inland Mission (hingga 1964)\n| key_people = \n| area_served = 25 Negara\n| focus = \n| method = \n| revenue = \n| endowment = \n| num_volunteers =\n| num_employees = \n| num_members = \n| owner = \n| Non-profit_slogan = \n| homepage = http://omf.org http://www.chinasmillions.org/\n| dissolved = \n| footnotes = \n}}"},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"OMF International (sebelumnya Overseas Missionary Fellowship dan sebelum 1964 bernama China Inland Mission) adalah sebuah lembaga misionaris Kristen Protestan interdenominasi, yang didirikan di Britania oleh Hudson Taylor pada tanggal 25 Juni 1865.","translated_text":"OMF International (formerly Overseas Missionary Fellowship and before 1964 called China Inland Mission) was an interdenominational Protestant Christian missionary institution, founded in Britain by Hudson Taylor on 25 June 1865.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Sejarah","translated_text":"The history","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Hudson Taylor membuat keputusan pertama untuk mendirikan China Inland Mission di Brighton, Inggris selama cuti pertama dari Tiongkok.","translated_text":"Hudson Taylor made the first decision to establish a China Inland Mission in Brighton, England during his first vacation from China.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Seperti nenek moyang misionarinya Karl Gützlaff dan seangkatannya William Chalmers Burns, Taylor yakin bahwa pakaian Tiongkok harus dipakai ketika terlibat dalam pekerjaan misionaris di pedalaman Tiongkok.","translated_text":"Like his missionary ancestors Karl Gützlaff and his brother William Chalmers Burns, Taylor was convinced that Chinese clothing should be worn when engaged in missionary work in rural China.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pada tanggal 3 Oktober 1865, Taylor mengirim John dan Anne Stevenson dan George Stott ke Tiongkok, di mana mereka tiba pada tanggal 6 Februari 1866.","translated_text":"On October 3, 1865, Taylor sent John and Anne Stevenson and George Stott to China, where they arrived on February 6, 1866.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Termasuk lima misionaris yang sebelumnya dikirim ke Ningbo-James Joseph Meadows, Jean Notman, Stephen Paul Barchet, dan George dan Anne Crombie, delapan orang ini sudah di Tiongkok ketika Taylor kembali pada tahun 1866.","translated_text":"Of the five missionaries previously sent to Ningbo-James Joseph Meadows, Jean Notman, Stephen Paul Barchet, and George and Anne Crombie, these eight were already in China when Taylor returned in 1866.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pada tanggal 26 Mei tahun itu, Taylor menyertai kelompok misionaris terbesar yang pernah berlayar ke Tiongkok pada Lammermuir.","translated_text":"On May 26 of that year, Taylor joined the largest group of missionaries ever to sail to China on the Lammermuir.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Ada 16 orang misionaris beserta Hudson, istrinya, Maria dan 4 anak mereka yang dikenal sebagai Partai Lammermuir.","translated_text":"There were 16 missionaries with Hudson, his wife, Maria, and their four children known as the Lammermuir Party.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Perjalanan ini memakan waktu selama 4 bulan.","translated_text":"This trip took four months.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Pada tahun 1872, dewan London China Inland Mission dibentuk.","translated_text":"In 1872, the London council of the China Inland Mission was formed.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pada tahun 1875, ia mulai menginjili Tiongkok secara sistematis.","translated_text":"In 1875, he began to evangelize China systematically.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Taylor meminta 18 misionaris dari Tuhan untuk sembilan provinsi yang masih belum terjangkau.","translated_text":"Taylor asked God to send 18 missionaries to nine unreached provinces.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pada 1881, dia minta lebih dari 70 misionaris, dan pada 1886, 100 misionaris.","translated_text":"In 1881 he asked for more than 70 missionaries, and in 1886, 100 missionaries.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pada tahun 1887 \"Seratus misionaris\" dikirim ke Tiongkok.","translated_text":"In 1887 \"One hundred missionaries\" were sent to China.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Taylor melakukan perjalanan di beberapa benua untuk merekrut anggota China Inland Mission.","translated_text":"Taylor traveled to several continents to recruit members of the China Inland Mission.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pada akhir abad Ke-19, CIM dikenal di seluruh dunia.","translated_text":"By the end of the 19th century, CIM was known worldwide.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Krisis Boxer tahun 1900","translated_text":"The Boxer Crisis of 1900","level":3,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Pada 1900, serangan terjadi di seluruh Tiongkok sehubungan dengan Pemberontakan Boxer yang ditargetkan kepada orang Kristen dan orang asing.","translated_text":"In 1900, attacks took place throughout China in connection with the Boxer Rebellion that targeted Christians and foreigners.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"China Inland Mission kehilangan anggota dibandingkan lembaga lain: 58 orang dewasa dan 21 anak-anak tewas.","translated_text":"China Inland Mission lost more members than any other agency: 58 adults and 21 children were killed.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Namun, pada tahun 1901, ketika bangsa-bangsa serumpun menuntut ganti rugi dari pemerintah Tiongkok, Hudson Taylor menolak untuk menerima pembayaran untuk kerugian harta benda atau kehidupan dalam rangka untuk menunjukkan kelembutan Kristus ke Tiongkok.","translated_text":"However, in 1901, when the nations demanded compensation from the Chinese government, Hudson Taylor refused to accept payment for loss of property or life in order to show Christ's tenderness toward China.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pada tahun yang sama, Dixon Edward Hoste diangkat menjadi direktur misi.","translated_text":"In the same year, Dixon Edward Hoste was appointed mission director.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Pertumbuhan di tengah perang dan revolusi","translated_text":"Growth in the midst of war and revolution","level":3,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Pada awal 1900-an terlihat ekspansi besar dari kegiatan misionaris di Tiongkok setelah Pemberontakan Boxer dan selama Revolusi 1912 dan berdirinya Republik Tiongkok.","translated_text":"The early 1900s saw a major expansion of missionary activity in China after the Boxer Rebellion and during the Revolution of 1912 and the establishment of the Republic of China.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"William Whiting Borden, pewaris kaya dari keluarga Borden, Inc., yang lulus dari Yale pada 1909, meninggalkan kehidupan yang nyaman di Amerika untuk menanggapi seruan kepada pekerja dengan kaum Muslim di barat laut Tiongkok.","translated_text":"William Whiting Borden, a wealthy heir to the Borden family, Inc., who graduated from Yale in 1909, left a comfortable life in America to respond to a call for workers with Muslims in northwestern China.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Ia meninggal di Mesir saat masih dalam pelatihan.","translated_text":"He died in Egypt while still in training.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Seorang musisi dan seorang insinyur bernama James O. Fraser adalah yang pertama untuk membawa pesan Injil kepada suku-suku Lisu Yunnan di Tiongkok barat daya.","translated_text":"A musician and engineer named James O. Fraser was the first to bring the Gospel message to the Lisu tribes of Yunnan in southwestern China.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Hal ini mengakibatkan pertumbuhan gereja secara fenomenal di antara berbagai suku bangsa di daerah yang bertahan sampai abad ke-21.","translated_text":"This resulted in phenomenal church growth among the various tribes of the region that lasted into the 21st century.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Periode Warlord menimbulkan pelanggaran hukum secara meluas ke Tiongkok dan pekerjaan misionaris sering kali berbahaya dan mengancam jiwa.","translated_text":"The Warlord Period brought widespread legal violations to China and missionary work was often dangerous and life-threatening.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"John dan Betty Stam adalah pasangan muda yang dibunuh pada tahun 1934 oleh tentara Komunis.","translated_text":"John and Betty Stam were a young couple who were murdered in 1934 by the Communist army.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Biografi mereka \"The Triumph of John and Betty Stam\" mengilhami generasi misionaris untuk mengikuti langkah yang sama dalam pelayanan meskipun penganiayaan dan perang berkecamuk di Tiongkok pada 1930-an dan 1940-an.","translated_text":"Their biography \"The Triumph of John and Betty Stam\" inspired generations of missionaries to follow in the same footsteps in the ministry despite persecution and war in China in the 1930's and 1940's.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Invasi Jepang makin menyulitkan upaya sebagai ketidakpercayaan Jepang siapapun yang berkebangsaan Inggris atau Amerika.","translated_text":"The Japanese invasion made efforts increasingly difficult as Japan distrusted anyone of British or American nationality.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Ketika Jepang menginvasi Tiongkok dalam Perang Dunia II, China Inland Mission memindahkan kantor pusatnya ke Sungai Yangzi menuju Chongqing.","translated_text":"When the Japanese invaded China in World War II, the China Inland Mission moved its headquarters to the Yangtze River towards Chongqing.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Banyak misionaris yang dimasukkan ke kamp-kamp konsentrasi sampai akhir perang.","translated_text":"Many missionaries were put in concentration camps until the end of the war.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Salah satu kamp tersebut berada di Weifang.","translated_text":"One of these camps is in Weifang.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Seluruh Sekolah Chefoo yang dijalankan oleh misi di Yantai dipenjarakan di sebuah kamp konsentrasi.","translated_text":"The entire Chefoo School run by the mission in Yantai is imprisoned in a concentration camp.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pada saat anak-anak dan guru-guru berbaris mereka menyanyikan:","translated_text":"As the children and teachers lined up they sang:","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Para siswa dipisahkan dari orang tua mereka selama lebih dari 5 tahun.","translated_text":"The students were separated from their parents for more than five years.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Pada 1900 diperkirakan ada sekitar 100.000 orang Kristen di Tiongkok.","translated_text":"In 1900 it was estimated that there were about 100,000 Christians in China.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Jumlahya menjadi tujuh kali lipatnya pada tahun 1950 (700.000).","translated_text":"The number increased sevenfold in 1950 (700,000).","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Gereja Tiongkok mulai menjadi gerakan masyarakat adat dibantu oleh pemimpin-pemimpin yang kuat seperti John Sung, Wang Ming-Dao, dan Andrew Gih.","translated_text":"The Chinese church began to become a movement of indigenous peoples assisted by powerful leaders such as John Sung, Wang Ming-Dao, and Andrew Gih.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Dari C.I.M. menjadi O.M.F","translated_text":"From C.I.M. to O.M.F.","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Phyllis Thompson menulis bahwa antara 1949 dan 1952, setelah kemenangan tentara Komunis, ada sebuah \"reluctant exodus\" dari semua anggota China Inland Mission.","translated_text":"Phyllis Thompson wrote that between 1949 and 1952, after the victory of the Communist army, there was a \"reluctant exodus\" of all members of the China Inland Mission.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Para pemimpin bertemu di Bournemouth, Inggris untuk membahas situasi dan keputusan itu dibuat untuk kembali menyebarkan semua misionaris ke seluruh Asia Timur.","translated_text":"The leaders met in Bournemouth, England, to discuss the situation and the decision was made to re-dispatch all the missionaries throughout East Asia.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Markas Besar dipindahkan ke Singapura dan pekerjaan dimulai di Jepang, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Filipina, Thailand, Malaysia, Singapura, Vietnam, Kamboja, Laos, dan Indonesia.","translated_text":"The headquarters were moved to Singapore and work began in Japan, Taiwan, Hong Kong, the Philippines, Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, and Indonesia.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Selain mengurangi beberapa bahasa untuk bentuk tertulis, Alkitab diterjemahkan, dan pendidikan teologi dasar diberikan kepada kelompok suku terabaikan.","translated_text":"In addition to reducing some languages to written form, the Bible was translated, and basic theological education was given to neglected tribal groups.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Publikasi dan distribusi dari literatur Kristen diprioritaskan di antara kedua orang-orang suku pedesaan dan kelas pekerja perkotaan dan para siswa.","translated_text":"The publication and distribution of Christian literature were prioritized among both the rural and urban working classes and the students.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Tujuannya tetap bagi setiap komunitas untuk memiliki sebuah gereja di Asia Timur dan dengan demikian Injil akan diberitakan \"untuk setiap makhluk\".","translated_text":"The goal remained for each community to have a church in East Asia and thus the Gospel would be preached \"to every creature\".","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Proklamasi pesan Kristen juga termasuk pekerjaan medis.","translated_text":"The proclamation of the Christian message also includes medical work.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Tiga rumah sakit dibuka di pedesaan Thailand serta program pengendalian kusta.","translated_text":"Three hospitals were opened in rural Thailand as well as a leprosy control program.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Banyak dari pasien pengungsi.","translated_text":"A lot of the refugee patients.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Di Filipina, program pengembangan masyarakat diluncurkan.","translated_text":"In the Philippines, a community development program was launched.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Rehabilitasi pecandu alkohol dimulai di Jepang, dan rehabilitasi di antara pekerja seks dimulai di Taipei dan Bangkok.","translated_text":"Rehabilitation of alcoholics began in Japan, and rehabilitation among sex workers began in Taipei and Bangkok.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Pada 1980, cucu besar dari Hudson Taylor, James Hudson Taylor III, menjadi Direktur Jenderal pekerjaan misi.","translated_text":"In 1980, Hudson Taylor's great-grandson, James Hudson Taylor III, became the director general of mission work.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Menurut Taylor pada tahun 1989, Pekerjaan itu terus sampai sekarang.","translated_text":"According to Taylor in 1989, the work continues to this day.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Patrick Fung, seorang Kristen Tiongkok ditunjuk pada tahun 2005, adalah yang pertama di Asia untuk memimpin misi.","translated_text":"Patrick Fung, a Chinese Christian appointed in 2005, was the first in Asia to lead the mission.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Pranala luar","translated_text":"External connections","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Situs resmi OMF International Wheaton College Billy Graham Center Archives of the China Inland Mission","translated_text":"The official site of the OMF International Wheaton College Billy Graham Center Archives of the China Inland Mission","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071121015956/http://www.wheaton.edu/bgc/archives/GUIDES/215.htm#501 |date=2007-11-21 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College Billy Graham Center Archives of the China Inland Mission","citations":[{"content":"{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071121015956/http://www.wheaton.edu/bgc/archives/GUIDES/215.htm#501 |date=2007-11-21 }}","char_index":102,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20071121015956/http://www.wheaton.edu/bgc/archives/GUIDES/215.htm#501","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:20.139779-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]}]} +{"title":"Microsoft Cluster Server","wikicode":"'''Microsoft Cluster Server''' (MSCS) adalah sebuah [[perangkat lunak]] yang didesain sedemikian rupa oleh [[Microsoft Corporation]] dalam [[Windows Server]] untuk mengizinkan ''[[server]]''-server agar dapat bekerja sama dalam sebuah [[kluster komputer]], untuk menyediakan fungsi ''failover'' dan meningkatkan [[ketersediaan (komputer)|ketersediaan aplikasi]], atau bisa juga digunakan dalam [[komputasi paralel]] dalam [[kluster komputasi performa tinggi]], seperti dalam [[superkomputer]].\n\nMicrosoft telah memiliki tiga teknologi untuk melakukan [[kluster komputer|klustering]] terhadap komputer, yakni:\n* Microsoft Cluster Services (MSCS)\n* Component Load Balancing (CLB) (bagian dari Application Center 2000)\n* [[Network Load Balancing Services]] (NLB)\n\nPada [[Windows Server 2008]] dan [[Windows Server 2008 R2]], MSCS diubah namanya menjadi [[Failover Clustering]], dan komponen kedua (''Component Load Balancing''/CLB) ditiadakan.\n\n== Latar belakang ==\nSelama pengembangan, nama kode yang digunakan oleh MSCS adalah \"Wolfpack\".{{cite web\n|url=http://news.cnet.com/Scalability-Day-falls-short/2100-1001_3-279928.html\n|title=Scalability Day falls short\n|last=Davis\n|first=Jim\n|publisher=CNet\n|date=May 20, 1997\n|accessdate=2009-05-23\n}} Windows NT Server 4.0 Enterprise Edition adalah versi pertama dari Windows Server yang menawarkan fitur dan perangkat lunak MSCS. Dan, seiring dengan dirilisnya versi enterprise dari Windows Server, perangkat lunak MSCS pun diperbarui, seperti dalam Windows 2000 Advanced Server, [http://support.microsoft.com/kb/265173/en-us Windows 2000 Datacenter Server], Windows Server 2003 Enterprise Edition, dan Windows Server 2003 Datacenter Edition. Windows Server 2008 menawarkan fitur lebih banyak lagi ketimbang sebelumnya.{{Cite web |url=http://download.microsoft.com/download/5/b/9/5b97017b-e28a-4bae-ba48-174cf47d23cd/SER119_WH06.ppt |title=Power Point presentation file about Windows Server 2008 clustering, by Microsoft. |access-date=2010-07-14 |archive-date=2010-02-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100202220616/http://download.microsoft.com/download/5/b/9/5b97017b-e28a-4bae-ba48-174cf47d23cd/SER119_WH06.ppt |dead-url=yes }}\n\nPerangkat lunak cluster ini melakukan evaluasi terhadap sumber daya yang ada pada masing-masing server yang ada di dalam cluster dan memilih mana yang akan digunakan, berdasarkan kriteria dalam modul administrasi yang telah ditentukan. Pada bulan Juni 2006, Microsoft juga merilis [[Windows 2003#Windows Compute Cluster Server|Windows Compute Cluster Server 2003]],{{Cite web |url=http://www.informationweek.com/news/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=188703348&subSection=All%20Stories |title=\"Microsoft Launches Windows Compute Cluster Server 2003\" Microsoft (W. David Gardner, TechWeb, June 9 2006) |access-date=2010-07-14 |archive-date=2007-12-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071208124859/http://www.informationweek.com/news/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=188703348&subSection=All%20Stories |dead-url=yes }} sebuah versi teknologi kluster komputasi performa tinggi yang ditawarkan oleh Microsoft.\n\n=== Berita ===\n* [http://www.informationweek.com/news/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=188703348&subSection=All%20Stories \"Microsoft Launches Windows Compute Cluster Server 2003\" Microsoft (W. David Gardner, TechWeb, June 9 2006)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071208124859/http://www.informationweek.com/news/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=188703348&subSection=All%20Stories |date=2007-12-08 }}\n\n== Referensi ==\n\n== Pranala luar ==\n* [http://www.WinHPC.org WinHPC.org] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061013223552/http://www.winhpc.org/ |date=2006-10-13 }} Windows High Performance Computing and Clustering Portal\n* [http://www.microsoft.com/windowsserver2003/ccs/default.mspx Microsoft Windows Compute Cluster Server 2003 (CCS)]\n* [http://www.nwnetworks.com/cluster.html Scott Scholl's Microsoft Cluster Server Center] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110714214504/http://www.nwnetworks.com/cluster.html |date=2011-07-14 }} - reference material for MCSC\n* [http://www.tek-tips.com/threadminder.cfm?pid=737 MSCS Forum] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101125174938/http://www.tek-tips.com/threadminder.cfm?pid=737 |date=2010-11-25 }} at Tek-Tips\n* [http://www.microsoft.com/windowsserver2003/technologies/clustering/default.mspx Microsoft Clustering Services]\n{{software-stub}}","hash":"c0df0cb055ab03c49ec9a372651cdb17426efedd2dda17e6b5b80e0db0246187","last_revision":"2022-11-18T22:16:23Z","first_revision":"2010-07-14T03:06:47Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:04.008437","cross_lingual_links":{"en":"Microsoft Cluster Server","ja":"Microsoft Clustering Service"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:49.578424","text":"Microsoft Cluster Server (MSCS) adalah sebuah perangkat lunak yang didesain sedemikian rupa oleh Microsoft Corporation dalam Windows Server untuk mengizinkan server-server agar dapat bekerja sama dalam sebuah kluster komputer, untuk menyediakan fungsi failover dan meningkatkan ketersediaan aplikasi, atau bisa juga digunakan dalam komputasi paralel dalam kluster komputasi performa tinggi, seperti dalam superkomputer.\n\nMicrosoft telah memiliki tiga teknologi untuk melakukan klustering terhadap komputer, yakni: Microsoft Cluster Services (MSCS) Component Load Balancing (CLB) (bagian dari Application Center 2000) Network Load Balancing Services (NLB)\n\nPada Windows Server 2008 dan Windows Server 2008 R2, MSCS diubah namanya menjadi Failover Clustering, dan komponen kedua (Component Load Balancing/CLB) ditiadakan.\n\nSelama pengembangan, nama kode yang digunakan oleh MSCS adalah \"Wolfpack\". Windows NT Server 4.0 Enterprise Edition adalah versi pertama dari Windows Server yang menawarkan fitur dan perangkat lunak MSCS. Dan, seiring dengan dirilisnya versi enterprise dari Windows Server, perangkat lunak MSCS pun diperbarui, seperti dalam Windows 2000 Advanced Server, Windows 2000 Datacenter Server, Windows Server 2003 Enterprise Edition, dan Windows Server 2003 Datacenter Edition. Windows Server 2008 menawarkan fitur lebih banyak lagi ketimbang sebelumnya.\n\nPerangkat lunak cluster ini melakukan evaluasi terhadap sumber daya yang ada pada masing-masing server yang ada di dalam cluster dan memilih mana yang akan digunakan, berdasarkan kriteria dalam modul administrasi yang telah ditentukan. Pada bulan Juni 2006, Microsoft juga merilis Windows Compute Cluster Server 2003, sebuah versi teknologi kluster komputasi performa tinggi yang ditawarkan oleh Microsoft.\n\n\"Microsoft Launches Windows Compute Cluster Server 2003\" Microsoft (W. David Gardner, TechWeb, June 9 2006)\n\nWinHPC.org Windows High Performance Computing and Clustering Portal Microsoft Windows Compute Cluster Server 2003 (CCS) Scott Scholl's Microsoft Cluster Server Center - reference material for MCSC MSCS Forum at Tek-Tips Microsoft Clustering Services\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Microsoft Cluster Server (MSCS) adalah sebuah perangkat lunak yang didesain sedemikian rupa oleh Microsoft Corporation dalam Windows Server untuk mengizinkan server-server agar dapat bekerja sama dalam sebuah kluster komputer, untuk menyediakan fungsi failover dan meningkatkan ketersediaan aplikasi, atau bisa juga digunakan dalam komputasi paralel dalam kluster komputasi performa tinggi, seperti dalam superkomputer.","translated_text":"Microsoft Cluster Server (MSCS) is software designed by Microsoft Corporation in Windows Server to allow servers to work together in a computer cluster, to provide failover functionality and improve application availability, or can also be used in parallel computing in high-performance computing clusters, such as in supercomputers.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Microsoft telah memiliki tiga teknologi untuk melakukan klustering terhadap komputer, yakni: Microsoft Cluster Services (MSCS) Component Load Balancing (CLB) (bagian dari Application Center 2000) Network Load Balancing Services (NLB)","translated_text":"Microsoft has three technologies for clustering against computers: Microsoft Cluster Services (MSCS) Component Load Balancing (CLB) (part of the Application Center 2000) Network Load Balancing Services (NLB)","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Pada Windows Server 2008 dan Windows Server 2008 R2, MSCS diubah namanya menjadi Failover Clustering, dan komponen kedua (Component Load Balancing/CLB) ditiadakan.","translated_text":"In Windows Server 2008 and Windows Server 2008 R2, MSCS was renamed Failover Clustering, and the second component (Component Load Balancing/CLB) was abolished.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Latar belakang","translated_text":"The background","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Selama pengembangan, nama kode yang digunakan oleh MSCS adalah \"Wolfpack\".","translated_text":"During development, the code name used by MSCS was \"Wolfpack\".","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{cite web |url=http://news.cnet.com/Scalability-Day-falls-short/2100-1001_3-279928.html |title=Scalability Day falls short |last=Davis |first=Jim |publisher=CNet |date=May 20, 1997 |accessdate=2009-05-23 }}","char_index":74,"name":null,"url":"http://news.cnet.com/Scalability-Day-falls-short/2100-1001_3-279928.html","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html; 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David Gardner, TechWeb, June 9 2006)","translated_text":"\"Microsoft Launches Windows Compute Cluster Server 2003\" by Microsoft (W. David Gardner, TechWeb, June 9, 2006)","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071208124859/http://www.informationweek.com/news/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=188703348&subSection=All%20Stories |date=2007-12-08 }}","char_index":107,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20071208124859/http://www.informationweek.com/news/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=188703348&subSection=All%20Stories","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:22.996571-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Referensi","translated_text":"References","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"heading","text":"Pranala luar","translated_text":"External connections","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"WinHPC.org","translated_text":"This is a list of articles related to Wikipedia.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061013223552/http://www.winhpc.org/ |date=2006-10-13 }}","char_index":10,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20061013223552/http://www.winhpc.org/","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:23.066525-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Windows High Performance Computing and Clustering Portal Microsoft Windows Compute Cluster Server 2003 (CCS) Scott Scholl's Microsoft Cluster Server Center - reference material for MCSC MSCS Forum at Tek-Tips Microsoft Clustering Services","translated_text":"Windows High Performance Computing and Clustering Portal Microsoft Windows Compute Cluster Server 2003 (CCS) Scott Scholl's Microsoft Cluster Server Center - reference material for MCSC MSCS Forum at Tek-Tips Microsoft Clustering Services","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110714214504/http://www.nwnetworks.com/cluster.html |date=2011-07-14 }}","char_index":156,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20110714214504/http://www.nwnetworks.com/cluster.html","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:23.134903-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101125174938/http://www.tek-tips.com/threadminder.cfm?pid=737 |date=2010-11-25 }}","char_index":197,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20101125174938/http://www.tek-tips.com/threadminder.cfm?pid=737","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:23.202900-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[{"text":"Selama pengembangan, nama kode yang digunakan oleh MSCS adalah \"Wolfpack\".","translated_text":"During development, the code name used by MSCS was \"Wolfpack\".","citations":[{"content":"{{cite web |url=http://news.cnet.com/Scalability-Day-falls-short/2100-1001_3-279928.html |title=Scalability Day falls short |last=Davis |first=Jim |publisher=CNet |date=May 20, 1997 |accessdate=2009-05-23 }}","char_index":74,"name":null,"url":"http://news.cnet.com/Scalability-Day-falls-short/2100-1001_3-279928.html","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html; charset=utf-8","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:20.210206-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Windows NT Server 4.0 Enterprise Edition adalah versi pertama dari Windows Server yang menawarkan fitur dan perangkat lunak MSCS. Dan, seiring dengan dirilisnya versi enterprise dari Windows Server, perangkat lunak MSCS pun diperbarui, seperti dalam Windows 2000 Advanced Server, Windows 2000 Datacenter Server, Windows Server 2003 Enterprise Edition, dan Windows Server 2003 Datacenter Edition. Windows Server 2008 menawarkan fitur lebih banyak lagi ketimbang sebelumnya.","translated_text":"Windows NT Server 4.0 Enterprise Edition was the first version of Windows Server to offer MSCS features and software. And, with the release of the enterprise version of Windows Server, MSCS software was also updated, such as in Windows 2000 Advanced Server, Windows 2000 Datacenter Server, Windows Server 2003 Enterprise Edition, and Windows Server 2003 Datacenter Edition. 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Pada bulan Juni 2006, Microsoft juga merilis Windows Compute Cluster Server 2003, sebuah versi teknologi kluster komputasi performa tinggi yang ditawarkan oleh Microsoft.","translated_text":"The cluster software evaluates the resources available on each server within the cluster and chooses which one to use, based on the criteria in the predefined administration modules. In June 2006, Microsoft also released Windows Compute Cluster Server 2003, a version of the high-performance computing cluster technology offered by Microsoft.","citations":[{"content":"{{Cite web |url=http://www.informationweek.com/news/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=188703348&subSection=All%20Stories |title=\"Microsoft Launches Windows Compute Cluster Server 2003\" Microsoft (W. 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Pospenas untuk pertama kalinya diselenggarakan pada tahun 2001 di [[Ma'had Al-Zaytun]], [[Kabupaten Indramayu|Indramayu]], [[Jawa Barat]].\n\n== Lokasi ==\n{| border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"4\" class=\"wikitable\"\n!Games\n!Tuan rumah\n!Provinsi\n!Tanggal\n!Juara Umum\n|-\n| [[Pospenas I|I]] || [[Indramayu]] || {{Lambang Provinsi|Coat of arms of West Java.svg|Jawa Barat}} [[Jawa Barat]] || [[2001]] || Jawa Barat\n|-\n| [[Pospenas II|II]] || [[Palembang]] || {{Lambang Provinsi|South Sumatra coa.png|Sumatera Selatan}} [[Sumatera Selatan]] || [[2003]] || Jawa Tengah\n|-\n| [[Pospenas III|III]] || [[Medan]] || {{Lambang Provinsi|Coat of arms of North Sumatra.svg|Sumatera Utara}} [[Sumatera Utara]] || [[18 September]] - [[25 September]] [[2005]] || Jawa Barat\n|-\n| [[Pospenas IV|IV]] || [[Samarinda]] || {{Lambang Provinsi|Coat of arms of East Kalimantan.svg|Kalimantan Timur}} [[Kalimantan Timur]] || [[1 November]] - [[7 November]] [[2007]] || Kalimantan Timur\n|-\n| [[Pospenas V|V]] || [[Surabaya]] || {{Lambang Provinsi|Coat of arms of East Java.svg|Jawa Timur}} [[Jawa Timur]] || [[5 Juli]] - [[11 Juli]] [[2010]] || Jawa Timur\n|-\n| [[Pospenas VI|VI]] || [[Gorontalo]] || {{Lambang Provinsi|Coat of arms of Gorontalo.svg|Gorontalo}} [[Gorontalo]] || [[24 Juni]] - [[30 Juni]] [[2013]] || Jawa Timur \n|-\n| [[Pospenas VII|VII]] ||\n[[Kota Serang|Serang]] \n|{{Lambang Provinsi |Coat of arms of Banten.svg|Banten}}\n[[Banten]] \n|[[22 Oktober]] - [[28 Oktober]] [[2016]] \n|Banten\n|-\n| [[Pospenas VIII|VIII]] ||\n[[Kota Bandung|Bandung]] \n|{{Lambang Provinsi |Coat of arms of West Java.svg|Jawa Barat}}\n[[Jawa Barat]] \n|[[25 November]] - [[30 November]] [[2019]] \n|Jawa Barat\n|-\n| [[Pospenas IX|IX]] ||\n[[Kota Surakarta|Surakarta]] \n|{{Lambang Provinsi |Coat of arms of Central Java.svg|Jawa Tengah}}\n[[Jawa Tengah]] \n|[[23 November]] - [[27 November]] [[2022]] \n|Jawa Barat\n|}\n\n== Calon Tuan Rumah Pospenas VI ==\nPada Sarasehan Pospenas V di IAIN Sunan Ampel, lima provinsi mengajukan diri menjadi tuan rumah Pospenas VI pada 2012 mendatang. Mereka adalah [[Kepulauan Riau]], [[Gorontalo]], [[Sulawesi Utara]], [[Sumatera Selatan]], dan [[Riau]].\n\nGubernur Sumatera Selatan sangat ingin Pospenas VI diselenggarakan kembali di Provinsi Sumatera Selatan, terlebih provinsi tersebut merupakan tuan rumah [[Sea Games]] tahun 2011, yang menandakan sudah siap untuk menjadi tuan rumah dalam berbagai multi even perlombaan.\n\n== Pranala luar ==\n* {{id}} [http://darunnajah3.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=278&Itemid=13 Sejarah Pospenas] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100726081444/http://darunnajah3.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=278&Itemid=13 |date=2010-07-26 }}\n* {{id}} [http://www.pospenasjatim.com/index.php Situs web resmi Pospenas Jatim 2010] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100704202459/http://www.pospenasjatim.com/index.php |date=2010-07-04 }}\n* {{id}} [http://groups.yahoo.com/group/dilf/message/3787 Juara Umum Pospenas I Indramayu]\n* {{id}} [https://news.santrinow.com/pekan-olahraga-laga-liga-santri-nusantara-piala-kasad-2022/ pekan olahraga laga liga santri nasional]{{Pranala mati|date=Mei 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}\n* {{id}} [http://www.sumutprov.go.id/lengkap.php?id=102 Juara Umum Pospenas III Medan]{{Pranala mati|date=Mei 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}\n* {{id}} [http://www.suarakarya-online.com/news.html?id=185930 Juara Umum Pospenas IV Samarinda]{{Pranala mati|date=Juli 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}\n* {{id}} [http://sumsel.kemenag.go.id/index.php?a=detilberita&id=92 Juara Umum Pospenas V Surabaya]{{Pranala mati|date=Desember 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}\n* {{id}} [http://www.kapanlagi.com/h/old/0000083529.html Waktu Penyelenggaran Pospenas III Medan]{{Pranala mati|date=Mei 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}\n* {{id}} [http://palembang.tribunnews.com/view/40516/sumsel_rebut_dua_emas Calon Tuan Rumah Pospenas VI 2012]{{Pranala mati|date=Mei 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}\n* {{id}} [http://pospenas6gorontalo.com/ Situs Resmi Pospenas VI Gorontalo] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130729230044/http://pospenas6gorontalo.com/ |date=2013-07-29 }}\n\n[[Kategori:Pospenas| ]]\n\n\n{{Olahraga-stub}}","hash":"13e3629adc9a84f2ae59eaa22dc27d1c77c29438b1a1a2a6901c156352bdd47f","last_revision":"2023-09-30T00:01:25Z","first_revision":"2010-07-14T03:53:14Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:04.080281","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"Pospenas atau Pekan Olahraga dan Seni antar Pondok Pesantren Tingkat Nasional adalah kejuaraan olahraga dan seni yang diikuti oleh santri yang mewakili seluruh provinsi di Indonesia di Indonesia.\n\nCikal bakal Pospenas adalah diselenggarakannya Pekan Olahraga dan Seni (Porseni) antar pondok pesantren se-Jawa di Pondok Pesantren Darunnajah, Ulujami, Jakarta Selatan pada tahun 1999. Pospenas untuk pertama kalinya diselenggarakan pada tahun 2001 di Ma'had Al-Zaytun, Indramayu, Jawa Barat.\n\nPada Sarasehan Pospenas V di IAIN Sunan Ampel, lima provinsi mengajukan diri menjadi tuan rumah Pospenas VI pada 2012 mendatang. Mereka adalah Kepulauan Riau, Gorontalo, Sulawesi Utara, Sumatera Selatan, dan Riau.\n\nGubernur Sumatera Selatan sangat ingin Pospenas VI diselenggarakan kembali di Provinsi Sumatera Selatan, terlebih provinsi tersebut merupakan tuan rumah Sea Games tahun 2011, yang menandakan sudah siap untuk menjadi tuan rumah dalam berbagai multi even perlombaan.\n\nSejarah Pospenas Situs web resmi Pospenas Jatim 2010 Juara Umum Pospenas I Indramayu pekan olahraga laga liga santri nasional Juara Umum Pospenas III Medan Juara Umum Pospenas IV Samarinda Juara Umum Pospenas V Surabaya Waktu Penyelenggaran Pospenas III Medan Calon Tuan Rumah Pospenas VI 2012 Situs Resmi Pospenas VI Gorontalo\n\nKategori:Pospenas\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Pospenas atau Pekan Olahraga dan Seni antar Pondok Pesantren Tingkat Nasional adalah kejuaraan olahraga dan seni yang diikuti oleh santri yang mewakili seluruh provinsi di Indonesia di Indonesia.","translated_text":"Pospenas or Sports and Arts Week between National Level Pesantren Homes is a sports and arts championship followed by santri representing all provinces in Indonesia in Indonesia.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Cikal bakal Pospenas adalah diselenggarakannya Pekan Olahraga dan Seni (Porseni) antar pondok pesantren se-Jawa di Pondok Pesantren Darunnajah, Ulujami, Jakarta Selatan pada tahun 1999.","translated_text":"Pospenas will be organized by the Sports and Arts Week (Porseni) between the se-Jawa Pesantren Lodge in Pondok Pesantren Darunnajah, Ulujami, South Jakarta in 1999.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pospenas untuk pertama kalinya diselenggarakan pada tahun 2001 di Ma'had Al-Zaytun, Indramayu, Jawa Barat.","translated_text":"Pospenas was first held in 2001 at Ma'had Al-Zaytun, Indramayu, West Java.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Lokasi","translated_text":"Location","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"table","content":"{| border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"4\" class=\"wikitable\"\n!Games\n!Tuan rumah\n!Provinsi\n!Tanggal\n!Juara Umum\n|-\n| [[Pospenas I|I]] || [[Indramayu]] || {{Lambang Provinsi|Coat of arms of West Java.svg|Jawa Barat}} [[Jawa Barat]] || [[2001]] || Jawa Barat\n|-\n| [[Pospenas II|II]] || [[Palembang]] || {{Lambang Provinsi|South Sumatra coa.png|Sumatera Selatan}} [[Sumatera Selatan]] || [[2003]] || Jawa Tengah\n|-\n| [[Pospenas III|III]] || [[Medan]] || {{Lambang Provinsi|Coat of arms of North Sumatra.svg|Sumatera Utara}} [[Sumatera Utara]] || [[18 September]] - [[25 September]] [[2005]] || Jawa Barat\n|-\n| [[Pospenas IV|IV]] || [[Samarinda]] || {{Lambang Provinsi|Coat of arms of East Kalimantan.svg|Kalimantan Timur}} [[Kalimantan Timur]] || [[1 November]] - [[7 November]] [[2007]] || Kalimantan Timur\n|-\n| [[Pospenas V|V]] || [[Surabaya]] || {{Lambang Provinsi|Coat of arms of East Java.svg|Jawa Timur}} [[Jawa Timur]] || [[5 Juli]] - [[11 Juli]] [[2010]] || Jawa Timur\n|-\n| [[Pospenas VI|VI]] || [[Gorontalo]] || {{Lambang Provinsi|Coat of arms of Gorontalo.svg|Gorontalo}} [[Gorontalo]] || [[24 Juni]] - [[30 Juni]] [[2013]] || Jawa Timur \n|-\n| [[Pospenas VII|VII]] ||\n[[Kota Serang|Serang]] \n|{{Lambang Provinsi |Coat of arms of Banten.svg|Banten}}\n[[Banten]] \n|[[22 Oktober]] - [[28 Oktober]] [[2016]] \n|Banten\n|-\n| [[Pospenas VIII|VIII]] ||\n[[Kota Bandung|Bandung]] \n|{{Lambang Provinsi |Coat of arms of West Java.svg|Jawa Barat}}\n[[Jawa Barat]] \n|[[25 November]] - [[30 November]] [[2019]] \n|Jawa Barat\n|-\n| [[Pospenas IX|IX]] ||\n[[Kota Surakarta|Surakarta]] \n|{{Lambang Provinsi |Coat of arms of Central Java.svg|Jawa Tengah}}\n[[Jawa Tengah]] \n|[[23 November]] - [[27 November]] [[2022]] \n|Jawa Barat\n|}"},{"type":"heading","text":"Calon Tuan Rumah Pospenas VI","translated_text":"Candidate of the House of Pospenas VI","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Pada Sarasehan Pospenas V di IAIN Sunan Ampel, lima provinsi mengajukan diri menjadi tuan rumah Pospenas VI pada 2012 mendatang.","translated_text":"At the Sarasehan Pospenas V at IAIN Sunan Ampel, five provinces applied to host Pospenas VI in 2012.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Mereka adalah Kepulauan Riau, Gorontalo, Sulawesi Utara, Sumatera Selatan, dan Riau.","translated_text":"They are the Riau Islands, Gorontalo, North Sulawesi, South Sumatra, and Riau.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Gubernur Sumatera Selatan sangat ingin Pospenas VI diselenggarakan kembali di Provinsi Sumatera Selatan, terlebih provinsi tersebut merupakan tuan rumah Sea Games tahun 2011, yang menandakan sudah siap untuk menjadi tuan rumah dalam berbagai multi even perlombaan.","translated_text":"The Governor of South Sumatera is keen to re-organise Pospenas VI in the Province of South Sumatera, which hosted the 2011 Sea Games.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Pranala luar","translated_text":"External connections","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Sejarah Pospenas Situs web resmi Pospenas Jatim 2010 Juara Umum Pospenas I Indramayu pekan olahraga laga liga santri nasional Juara Umum Pospenas III Medan Juara Umum Pospenas IV Samarinda Juara Umum Pospenas V Surabaya Waktu Penyelenggaran Pospenas III Medan Calon Tuan Rumah Pospenas VI 2012 Situs Resmi Pospenas VI Gorontalo","translated_text":"History of Pospenas The official website of Pospenas Jatim 2010 General Champion Pospenas I Indramayu week of sports matches of the national league santri General Champion Pospenas III Fields General Champion Pospenas IV Samarinda General Champion Pospenas V Surabaya Time of holding of Pospenas III Fields Candidate of the host of Pospenas VI 2012","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100726081444/http://darunnajah3.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=278&Itemid=13 |date=2010-07-26 }}","char_index":17,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20100726081444/http://darunnajah3.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=278&Itemid=13","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:23.271514-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100704202459/http://www.pospenasjatim.com/index.php |date=2010-07-04 }}","char_index":53,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20100704202459/http://www.pospenasjatim.com/index.php","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:23.340151-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130729230044/http://pospenas6gorontalo.com/ |date=2013-07-29 }}","char_index":327,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20130729230044/http://pospenas6gorontalo.com/","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:23.415320-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is 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Fields Candidate of the host of Pospenas VI 2012","citations":[{"content":"{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100726081444/http://darunnajah3.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=278&Itemid=13 |date=2010-07-26 }}","char_index":17,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20100726081444/http://darunnajah3.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=278&Itemid=13","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:23.271514-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100704202459/http://www.pospenasjatim.com/index.php |date=2010-07-04 }}","char_index":53,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20100704202459/http://www.pospenasjatim.com/index.php","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:23.340151-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130729230044/http://pospenas6gorontalo.com/ |date=2013-07-29 }}","char_index":327,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20130729230044/http://pospenas6gorontalo.com/","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:23.415320-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is 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info sekolah\n| nama = SMA Negeri 1 Kediri\n| gambar = [[Berkas:lgbaru_sma1kediri.png|160px]]\n| nama_asli =\n| nama_latin = \n| didirikan = [[9 September]] [[1946]]\n| tipe =\n| akreditasi = A\n| NSS = 103105630101\n| motto = \"Mulia, Jaya Jaya Jaya !\"\n| maskot = \n| rektor =\n| kepsek = Widayat, S.Pd., M.M.\n| pamong =\n| moderator =\n| kelas = 36 Kelas\n| jurusan = [[Matematika & Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam|MIPA]] dan [[Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial|IPS]]\n| rentang kelas = X, XI MIPA, XI IPS, XII MIPA, XII IPS\n| kurikulum = [[Kurikulum 2013]], [[Kurikulum Merdeka]]\n| murid = \n| status = Negeri\n| lonem = 34,00\n| hinem = 39,20\n| avgnem = 35,67\n| alamat = Jalan Veteran no. 1 \n| kota = [[Kediri]] \n| provinsi = [[Jawa Timur]]\n| negara = [[Indonesia]] {{flag|Indonesia}}\n| telp = (0354)771829 \n| koordinat = {{coord|-7.8117586|112.0028767|display=inline,title}}\n| situs web = [http://www.smastkediri.sch.id smastkediri.sch.id]\n| kampus =\n| alumni = PALMTURI (Paguyuban Alumni SMA Negeri 1 Kediri)\n| catatan =\n}}\n'''SMA Negeri 1 Kediri''' adalah salah satu [[sekolah menengah atas]] yang ada di [[Kota Kediri]], [[Jawa Timur]]. Sekolah yang menerapkan sistem [[Full Day School]] ini merupakan sekolah tertua dan favorit di [[Kota Kediri]]. Berbeda dengan sekolah pada umumnya, sekolah ini juga menyediakan program kelas percepatan yang mana bisa ditempuh dalam kurun waktu 2 tahun saja. Sekolah yang beralamatkan di Jalan Veteran No. 1 [[Kota Kediri]], [[Jawa Timur]], [[Indonesia]].\n\n== Sejarah ==\n\n=== Tahun 1922 – Maret 1942 ===\n\nGedung sekolah jalan Klotok 1 Kediri ini selesai dibangun pada tahun 1922. Dirancang oleh dinas pekerjaan umum (BOW) dan diresmikan pada tanggal 31 Agustus 1922 pukul setengah 9 pagi.\nLelang pembangunan gedung MULO dilakukan di Surabaya oleh kepala Pekerjaan Umum, tuan de Bruijn Kops dan diberitakan dibeberapa surat kabar. Meskipun telah diberitakan dibeberapa surat kabar, ternyata hanya ada satu peminat, yakni tuan J.H.B. Kivit dari Blitar.\nMeskipun dibangun pada tahun 1922 tetapi kelihatan sekali bahwa gedung ini memang dipersiapkan untuk wadah pendidikan jangka panjang. Bangunannya solid sekali, bahkan pada sekarang ini, kondisinya masih kukuh kuat, hanya perlu perbaikan minor. Bahkan gedung ini dilengkapi dengan ruangan laboratorium! Bandingkanlah dengan SMA zaman sekarang.\n\nPada sekitar tahun 1940 melihat perkembangan politik dunia terutama invasi Jepang, maka Pemerintah Hindia Belanda membentuk satu kesatuan Staatwacht (penjaga kota) semacam hansip, yang berfungsi untuk membantu angkatan perangnya menghadapi serbuan tentara Jepang. Pasukan Staatwacht ini juga berkantor di gedung MULO, dan terutama masuk sore dan malam hari.\n\n=== Tahun 1942 – 1945 ===\n\nPada tahun 1942, kota Kediri ikut jatuh ke tangan pasukan Jepang, dan mulailah babak Pemerintahan Militer Jepang. Sekolah MULO dibubarkan begitu saja. Dan bahkan gedung sekolah kemudian dipakai sebagai tempat tahanan serta markas tentara Jepang. Ini berlangsung terus selama masa pemerintahan penjajahan Jepang.\n\n=== Periode 1945 – 1948 ===\n\nSetelah pasukan Jepang kalah perang, sebagian ditawan dan sebagian besar pulang ke negaranya, maka gedung jalan Klotok 1 ini diambil alih dan dipakai begitu saja sebagai markas Badan Keamanan Rakyat yang selanjutnya menjadi Tentara Keamanan Rakyat.\nSelanjutnya dengan reorganisasi TNI maka gedung sekolah ini dipakai sebagai Markas Divisi | Brawijaya. Ini berlangsung sejak tahun 1947 hingga masuknya tentara Belanda ke Kediri taggal 19 Desember 1948. Untuk menandai peristiwa tersebut pada tahun 1980-an di halaman depan sekolah didirikan tugu peringatan dengan tulisan: “Tempat Markas Divisi/Brawijaya Tahun 1947 – 1948″\n\n=== Periode 1948 – 1950 ===\n\nDengan bercokolnya pasukan Belanda di Kediri maka gedung jalan Klotok 1 ikut beralih fungsi. Dari semula Markas Divisi | Brawijaya dipakai menjadi Markas Tentara Belanda/KNIL. Situasi ini berlangsung hingga penyerahan kedaulatan (overdracht) pada awal tahun 1950, secara berangsur-angsur personel tentara Belanda tersebut pulang ke daerah asal masing-masing. Selanjutnya gedung dibiarkan kosong.\n\n=== Periode 1951 – sekarang ===\n\nDengan surat keputusan Residen Kediri (Bapak Samadikun) pada tahun 1951, gedung sekolah ex. MULO jalan Klotok 1 Kediri ditetapkan sebagai gedung sekolah untuk SMA Negeri Kediri, dan terus dipakai sampai sekarang. Jalan klotok yang dulunya dipakai sebagai alamat SMA 1 sekarang berubah menjadi Jalan Veteran 1 Kediri dan menjadi alamat tetap. 60 tahun usia SMA Negeri Kediri yang sesuai dengan perkembangan zaman dan kamajuan dunia pendidikan sekarang menjadi SMA Negeri 1 Kediri.\n\n== Arti lambang ==\n\nBerkas:\n{{Kotak info sekolah\n| nama = SMA Negeri 1 Kediri\n| nama_asli =\n| nama_latin =\n| didirikan = \n| tipe =\n| akreditasi =\n| motto =\n| maskot =\n| rektor =\n| kepsek = \n| pamong =\n| moderator =\n| kelas =\n| jurusan = [[Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam|IPA]] dan {{br}} [[Ilmu Sosial|IPS]] \n| rentang kelas = X {{br}} XI [[IPA]] dan XI [[IPS]]{{br}} XII [[IPA]] dan XII [[IPS]]\n| kurikulum = [[Kurikulum Tingkat Satuan Pendidikan]]\n| murid = \n| status = Negeri\n| lonem = \n| hinem = \n| avgnem = \n| alamat = Jalan Veteran no. 1 \n| kota = [[Kediri]] \n| provinsi = [[Jawa Timur]]\n| negara = [[Indonesia]]\n| telp = \n| koordinat =\n| situs web = \n| kampus =\n| alumni = \n| catatan =\n}}.jpg|Sman 1 Kediri\n\n\n=== Latar Belakang Penetapan Logo ===\n\nPada tahun 1951, pemerintah daerah provinsi Jawa Timur melaksanakan Pekan Olah Raga Pelajar Daerah (POPDA) dilangsungkan di Surabaya. Tentu saja kesempatan ini tidak disia-siakan oleh sekolah untuk memperkenalkan eksistensinya, dengan mengikuti event tersebut. Sebagai salah satu konsekuensinya sekolah harus mempunyai Logo sebagai identitas sekolah. Panji yang bergambarkan Logo ini akan mengawali prosesi barisan pada saat pembukaan POPDA nantinya.\n\nNamun oleh para pimpinan sekolah yang berfikirkan panjang berpendapat bahwa penetapan Logo ini tidak hanya sekadar syarat untuk mengikuti POPDA saja tetapi dalam jangka panjang juga sebagai lambang identitas sekolah kita. Oleh sebab itu penciptaan Logo ini tidak boleh sekadar asal jadi saja, namun juga harus difikirkan penggunaannya secara berkelanjutan, bahkan kalau bisa harus dipakai terus selama sekolah ini masih ada/eksis. Untuk itu penciptaan Logo ini perlu disayembarakan secara terbuka!\n\nTernyata tantangan sayembara ini menggugah banyak peminat terutama di kalangan siswa. Mereka berlomba-lomba mengirimkan usulan kreasinya, bahkan tidak jarang seorang peserta mengikutsertakan 2 atau lebih hasil karyanya. Ketua juri adalah Bapak Goenawan Mahdi waktu itu guru menggambar di SMA Negeri Kediri. Sebagai hasilnya ditetapkan karya rekan Toni Swandito sebagai pemenang lomba penciptaan Logo sekolah SMA Negeri Kediri.\n\nDemikianlah pada upacara pembukaan POPDA Jawa Timur tahun 1951 pasukan SMA Negeri Kediri berbaris dengan gagah mengikuti bendera bergambarkan Logo sekolah. Dan selanjutnya sejak itu pula Logo tersebut dipakai sebagai identitas sekolah.\n\n=== Makna yang terkandung didalamnya ===\n\nMengingat tidak ada dokumen tertulis, maka penjelasan di sini hanya berdasarkan ingatan Ir. Toni Suwandito pada tahun 2005 saja, tanpa mengesampingkan faktor lupa, karena tenggang waktu 50 tahun lebih, inilah yang bisa diingat:\n\n* Warna dasar biru tua, artinya loyalitas;\n* Perisai, melambangkan pertahanan, kekokohan, dan tangguh;\n* Garis-garis gambar warna putih, berarti bersih dan suci;\n* Burung hantu, sebagai lambang ilmu pengetahuan;\n* Segitiga, melambangkan kekokohan yang tidak bisa diubah;\n* Buku yang terbuka, maknanya sebagai sumber ilmu;\n* Rantai melingkar atau tepung gelang, artinya hubungan atau ikatan yang erat antara guru dan murid serta keluarga besar sekolah.\n\n=== Perubahan atau Modifikasi ===\n\nPada tahun 1960 dengan terbentuknya sekolah [[SMA Negeri 2 Kediri]], logo mengalami sedikit perubahan sebagai berikut:\n* Gambar burung hantu diubah, sebelumnya lebih kelihatan bentuk burung, sekarang cenderung figuratif dengan menonjolkan kepala burung.\n* Gambar buku yang terbuka, dihilangkan.\n* Sebagai ganti gambar buku berupa tulisan: NEGERI.\n* Di bawah tulisan SMA ditambah dengan angka 1 (satu).\n\n== Akreditasi ==\n* Nilai akreditasi: 95\n* Peringkat akreditasi: A\n* Tanggal penetapan: 19 November 2012{{Cite web |url=http://ban-sm.or.id/provinsi/jawa-timur/akreditasi/view/288458 |title=Hasil Akreditasi SMAN 1 Kediri |access-date=2013-04-13 |archive-date=2013-10-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131023041929/http://ban-sm.or.id/provinsi/jawa-timur/akreditasi/view/288458 |dead-url=yes }}\n\n== Fasilitas ==\n* Ruang Kepala Sekolah\n* Ruang Tata Usaha (TU)\n* Ruang [[Guru]]\n* Ruang [[Bimbingan Konseling]] (BK)\n* 28 Ruang [[Kelas]]\n* [[Masjid]]\n* [[Auditorium]] (Aula)\n* [[Laboratorium Fisika]]\n* [[Laboratorium Kimia]]\n* [[Laboratorium Biologi]]\n* [[Laboratorium Bahasa]]\n* [[Laboratorium Komputer]]\n* [[Perpustakaan]]\n* [[Kantin]]\n* Ruang [[UKS]]\n* Smas't Music Studio\n* Lapangan Sepak Bola/Lapangan Upacara\n* Lapangan Voli\n* Lapangan Basket\n* Tempat Parkir\n\n== Kegiatan Ekstrakurikuler dan Organisasi ==\n* [[OSIS]] (Organisasi Siswa Intra Sekolah) @ozonsmast\n* [[MPK]] (Majelis Perwakilan Kelas)\n* SKI atau SKIS'T (Sie Kerohanian Islam Smas't)\n* Banderas't (Barisan Pengibar Bendera Smas't)\n* OASE (Owl Association Salutary Education) Smas't\n* Pragusmas't ([[Pramuka]] Gugus Depan Smas't)\n* [[PMR]] atau Palmers't (Palang Merah Remaja Smas't)\n* Metafo (Media Berita dan Informasi)\n* Abas't (Arek [[Basket]] Smas't)\n* Tasmania (Taekwondo Smas't Mania)\n* VOLCOS'T (Voli Club of Smas't)\n* Bos't (Badminton of Smas't)\n* Ensambel\n* Ekstars't (Ekstra Tari Smas't)\n* Teve Satu (Teater Veteran Satu)\n* AO1 (Anime Organization) Smas't\n* Karawitan\n* VOST (Voice Of SMAST)\n* MOS'T (Movie Of Smas't)\n* Fullday Band (FDB)\n* Fullday Dance (FDD)\n* Fullday Soccer (FDS)\n* Densus't (Detasemen Khusus Smas't)\n* ECOS'T (English Community Of Smas't)\n* Phocus't (Photography Community Of Smas't)\n* Blue Camp\n\n== Alumni ==\nSMA Negeri 1 Kediri telah mengolah dan mendidik para peserta didiknya dengan baik secara turun-temurun. Terbukti dari generasi alumni yang telah selesai mengenyam pendidikan di SMA ini. Berikut ini beberapa figur yang tercatatat sebagai alumni SMAN 1 Kediri.\n* Hadi Purnomo, Ketua Badan Pemeriksa Keuangan Republik Indonesia (2009-sekarang)\n* Luhur Budi Djatmiko, Direktur Umum PT. Pertamina Persero\n* Pramono Anung Wibowo, Wakil Ketua DPR Periode 2009-2014\nSekretaris Negara, kabinet kerja\n* Prof. Muhammad Nasir\nMenristekdikti, periode 2014-2019\n* Abdullah Abu Bakar, Wakil Wali kota Kediri Periode 2009-2014\n* Abdullah Abu Bakar, Wali kota Kediri Periode 2014-2019\n* Syahri Mulyo, Bupati Tulungagung Periode 2013-2018\n\n== Kegiatan tahunan ==\n* [[Masa Orientasi Peserta Didik Baru]] (MOPDB), yang merupakan pengenalan serta penyampaian orientasi siswa baru terhadap lingkungan sekolah, diadakan saat tahun ajaran baru tiba (pertengahan Juli).\n* [[Dies Natalies]], yang merupakan peringatan hari ulang tahun sekolah. Diadakan setiap tanggal 09 September.\n* [[Kegiatan Tengah Semester]] (KTS), yang diadakan pada setiap pertengahan semester (Bulan Oktober dan April). Diisi dengan berbagai macam kegiatan yang mendidik dan menghibur.\n* Smas't League, yang merupakan pertandingan sepak bola antarkelas di SMAN 1 Kediri. (Sekarang menjadi PORS'T atau Pekan Olahraga Smas't yang tidak hanya sepak bola saja melainkan ada E-Sport, Bulu Tangkis, Futsal, Basket, Desain Grafis). Pors't dibuka dengan acara Health Day yang kegiatannya senam bersama dan diikuti oleh semua siswa dan guru.\n* [[Study Tour]], diikuti oleh siswa kelas XI.\n* [[Expo]], merupakan ajang untuk menjual berbagai macam makanan maupun souvenir. Pesertanya adalah kelas X dan XI. Diadakan pada akhir semester 2.\n* MESO (Mathematics, English, and Science Olympiad), kompetisi bidang akademik untuk siswa SMP/MTs Se-Eks Karesidenan Kediri\n* PEKAN BAHASA. Lomba bahasa inggris dan indonesia yang terdiri dari lomba debat dan puisi.\n* OSFC (Ozon Smas't Futsal Competition), kompetisi bidang olahraga futsal yang diselenggarakan untuk pelajar SMA/MA/SMK Sederajat Se-Karesidenan Kota Kediri.\n* KONSER AMAL, acara ini diadakan dengan konser yang terdiri dari music band, tari, modern dance, menyanyi, dsb untuk penggalangan dana dan disumbangkan ke lembaga Rumah Zakat.\n* DINA JAWA & AJI SEKAR, merupakan serangkaian kegiatan untuk memperingati hari Kartini.\n\n== Referensi ==\n{{reflist}}\n2. Bataviaasch Nieuwsblad 6 September 1922\n\n3. Verslag over de burgerlijke openbare werken in Nederlandsch-Indië, 1921-1924\n\n== Pranala luar ==\n* {{id}} [http://smastkediri.sch.id/ Situs Web Resmi]\n* {{id}} [http://alumnisma1kediri.or.id/ Situs Alumni] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090831070530/http://alumnisma1kediri.or.id/ |date=2009-08-31 }}\n\n{{SMA Negeri di Kediri}}\n\n[[Kategori:Sekolah menengah atas di Kota Kediri|Negeri 01]]\n[[Kategori:Sekolah menengah atas]]","hash":"a67c345fcbcd6c151ba522a2691ea922d4e196bb5f014b6dce93f520d9e090f8","last_revision":"2024-03-12T09:16:44Z","first_revision":"2010-07-14T05:10:41Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:04.184158","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"SMA Negeri 1 Kediri adalah salah satu sekolah menengah atas yang ada di Kota Kediri, Jawa Timur. Sekolah yang menerapkan sistem Full Day School ini merupakan sekolah tertua dan favorit di Kota Kediri. Berbeda dengan sekolah pada umumnya, sekolah ini juga menyediakan program kelas percepatan yang mana bisa ditempuh dalam kurun waktu 2 tahun saja. Sekolah yang beralamatkan di Jalan Veteran No. 1 Kota Kediri, Jawa Timur, Indonesia.\n\nGedung sekolah jalan Klotok 1 Kediri ini selesai dibangun pada tahun 1922. Dirancang oleh dinas pekerjaan umum (BOW) dan diresmikan pada tanggal 31 Agustus 1922 pukul setengah 9 pagi. Lelang pembangunan gedung MULO dilakukan di Surabaya oleh kepala Pekerjaan Umum, tuan de Bruijn Kops dan diberitakan dibeberapa surat kabar. Meskipun telah diberitakan dibeberapa surat kabar, ternyata hanya ada satu peminat, yakni tuan J.H.B. Kivit dari Blitar. Meskipun dibangun pada tahun 1922 tetapi kelihatan sekali bahwa gedung ini memang dipersiapkan untuk wadah pendidikan jangka panjang. Bangunannya solid sekali, bahkan pada sekarang ini, kondisinya masih kukuh kuat, hanya perlu perbaikan minor. Bahkan gedung ini dilengkapi dengan ruangan laboratorium! Bandingkanlah dengan SMA zaman sekarang.\n\nPada sekitar tahun 1940 melihat perkembangan politik dunia terutama invasi Jepang, maka Pemerintah Hindia Belanda membentuk satu kesatuan Staatwacht (penjaga kota) semacam hansip, yang berfungsi untuk membantu angkatan perangnya menghadapi serbuan tentara Jepang. Pasukan Staatwacht ini juga berkantor di gedung MULO, dan terutama masuk sore dan malam hari.\n\nPada tahun 1942, kota Kediri ikut jatuh ke tangan pasukan Jepang, dan mulailah babak Pemerintahan Militer Jepang. Sekolah MULO dibubarkan begitu saja. Dan bahkan gedung sekolah kemudian dipakai sebagai tempat tahanan serta markas tentara Jepang. Ini berlangsung terus selama masa pemerintahan penjajahan Jepang.\n\nSetelah pasukan Jepang kalah perang, sebagian ditawan dan sebagian besar pulang ke negaranya, maka gedung jalan Klotok 1 ini diambil alih dan dipakai begitu saja sebagai markas Badan Keamanan Rakyat yang selanjutnya menjadi Tentara Keamanan Rakyat. Selanjutnya dengan reorganisasi TNI maka gedung sekolah ini dipakai sebagai Markas Divisi | Brawijaya. Ini berlangsung sejak tahun 1947 hingga masuknya tentara Belanda ke Kediri taggal 19 Desember 1948. Untuk menandai peristiwa tersebut pada tahun 1980-an di halaman depan sekolah didirikan tugu peringatan dengan tulisan: \"Tempat Markas Divisi/Brawijaya Tahun 1947 – 1948″\n\nDengan bercokolnya pasukan Belanda di Kediri maka gedung jalan Klotok 1 ikut beralih fungsi. Dari semula Markas Divisi | Brawijaya dipakai menjadi Markas Tentara Belanda/KNIL. Situasi ini berlangsung hingga penyerahan kedaulatan (overdracht) pada awal tahun 1950, secara berangsur-angsur personel tentara Belanda tersebut pulang ke daerah asal masing-masing. Selanjutnya gedung dibiarkan kosong.\n\nDengan surat keputusan Residen Kediri (Bapak Samadikun) pada tahun 1951, gedung sekolah ex. MULO jalan Klotok 1 Kediri ditetapkan sebagai gedung sekolah untuk SMA Negeri Kediri, dan terus dipakai sampai sekarang. Jalan klotok yang dulunya dipakai sebagai alamat SMA 1 sekarang berubah menjadi Jalan Veteran 1 Kediri dan menjadi alamat tetap. 60 tahun usia SMA Negeri Kediri yang sesuai dengan perkembangan zaman dan kamajuan dunia pendidikan sekarang menjadi SMA Negeri 1 Kediri.\n\nPada tahun 1951, pemerintah daerah provinsi Jawa Timur melaksanakan Pekan Olah Raga Pelajar Daerah (POPDA) dilangsungkan di Surabaya. Tentu saja kesempatan ini tidak disia-siakan oleh sekolah untuk memperkenalkan eksistensinya, dengan mengikuti event tersebut. Sebagai salah satu konsekuensinya sekolah harus mempunyai Logo sebagai identitas sekolah. Panji yang bergambarkan Logo ini akan mengawali prosesi barisan pada saat pembukaan POPDA nantinya.\n\nNamun oleh para pimpinan sekolah yang berfikirkan panjang berpendapat bahwa penetapan Logo ini tidak hanya sekadar syarat untuk mengikuti POPDA saja tetapi dalam jangka panjang juga sebagai lambang identitas sekolah kita. Oleh sebab itu penciptaan Logo ini tidak boleh sekadar asal jadi saja, namun juga harus difikirkan penggunaannya secara berkelanjutan, bahkan kalau bisa harus dipakai terus selama sekolah ini masih ada/eksis. Untuk itu penciptaan Logo ini perlu disayembarakan secara terbuka!\n\nTernyata tantangan sayembara ini menggugah banyak peminat terutama di kalangan siswa. Mereka berlomba-lomba mengirimkan usulan kreasinya, bahkan tidak jarang seorang peserta mengikutsertakan 2 atau lebih hasil karyanya. Ketua juri adalah Bapak Goenawan Mahdi waktu itu guru menggambar di SMA Negeri Kediri. Sebagai hasilnya ditetapkan karya rekan Toni Swandito sebagai pemenang lomba penciptaan Logo sekolah SMA Negeri Kediri.\n\nDemikianlah pada upacara pembukaan POPDA Jawa Timur tahun 1951 pasukan SMA Negeri Kediri berbaris dengan gagah mengikuti bendera bergambarkan Logo sekolah. Dan selanjutnya sejak itu pula Logo tersebut dipakai sebagai identitas sekolah.\n\nMengingat tidak ada dokumen tertulis, maka penjelasan di sini hanya berdasarkan ingatan Ir. Toni Suwandito pada tahun 2005 saja, tanpa mengesampingkan faktor lupa, karena tenggang waktu 50 tahun lebih, inilah yang bisa diingat:\n\nWarna dasar biru tua, artinya loyalitas; Perisai, melambangkan pertahanan, kekokohan, dan tangguh; Garis-garis gambar warna putih, berarti bersih dan suci; Burung hantu, sebagai lambang ilmu pengetahuan; Segitiga, melambangkan kekokohan yang tidak bisa diubah; Buku yang terbuka, maknanya sebagai sumber ilmu; Rantai melingkar atau tepung gelang, artinya hubungan atau ikatan yang erat antara guru dan murid serta keluarga besar sekolah.\n\nPada tahun 1960 dengan terbentuknya sekolah SMA Negeri 2 Kediri, logo mengalami sedikit perubahan sebagai berikut: Gambar burung hantu diubah, sebelumnya lebih kelihatan bentuk burung, sekarang cenderung figuratif dengan menonjolkan kepala burung. Gambar buku yang terbuka, dihilangkan. Sebagai ganti gambar buku berupa tulisan: NEGERI. Di bawah tulisan SMA ditambah dengan angka 1 (satu).\n\nNilai akreditasi: 95 Peringkat akreditasi: A Tanggal penetapan: 19 November 2012\n\nRuang Kepala Sekolah Ruang Tata Usaha (TU) Ruang Guru Ruang Bimbingan Konseling (BK) 28 Ruang Kelas Masjid Auditorium (Aula) Laboratorium Fisika Laboratorium Kimia Laboratorium Biologi Laboratorium Bahasa Laboratorium Komputer Perpustakaan Kantin Ruang UKS Smas't Music Studio Lapangan Sepak Bola/Lapangan Upacara Lapangan Voli Lapangan Basket Tempat Parkir\n\nOSIS (Organisasi Siswa Intra Sekolah) @ozonsmast MPK (Majelis Perwakilan Kelas) SKI atau SKIS'T (Sie Kerohanian Islam Smas't) Banderas't (Barisan Pengibar Bendera Smas't) OASE (Owl Association Salutary Education) Smas't Pragusmas't (Pramuka Gugus Depan Smas't) PMR atau Palmers't (Palang Merah Remaja Smas't) Metafo (Media Berita dan Informasi) Abas't (Arek Basket Smas't) Tasmania (Taekwondo Smas't Mania) VOLCOS'T (Voli Club of Smas't) Bos't (Badminton of Smas't) Ensambel Ekstars't (Ekstra Tari Smas't) Teve Satu (Teater Veteran Satu) AO1 (Anime Organization) Smas't Karawitan VOST (Voice Of SMAST) MOS'T (Movie Of Smas't) Fullday Band (FDB) Fullday Dance (FDD) Fullday Soccer (FDS) Densus't (Detasemen Khusus Smas't) ECOS'T (English Community Of Smas't) Phocus't (Photography Community Of Smas't) Blue Camp\n\nSMA Negeri 1 Kediri telah mengolah dan mendidik para peserta didiknya dengan baik secara turun-temurun. Terbukti dari generasi alumni yang telah selesai mengenyam pendidikan di SMA ini. Berikut ini beberapa figur yang tercatatat sebagai alumni SMAN 1 Kediri. Hadi Purnomo, Ketua Badan Pemeriksa Keuangan Republik Indonesia (2009-sekarang) Luhur Budi Djatmiko, Direktur Umum PT. Pertamina Persero Pramono Anung Wibowo, Wakil Ketua DPR Periode 2009-2014 Sekretaris Negara, kabinet kerja Prof. Muhammad Nasir Menristekdikti, periode 2014-2019 Abdullah Abu Bakar, Wakil Wali kota Kediri Periode 2009-2014 Abdullah Abu Bakar, Wali kota Kediri Periode 2014-2019 Syahri Mulyo, Bupati Tulungagung Periode 2013-2018\n\nMasa Orientasi Peserta Didik Baru (MOPDB), yang merupakan pengenalan serta penyampaian orientasi siswa baru terhadap lingkungan sekolah, diadakan saat tahun ajaran baru tiba (pertengahan Juli). Dies Natalies, yang merupakan peringatan hari ulang tahun sekolah. Diadakan setiap tanggal 09 September. Kegiatan Tengah Semester (KTS), yang diadakan pada setiap pertengahan semester (Bulan Oktober dan April). Diisi dengan berbagai macam kegiatan yang mendidik dan menghibur. Smas't League, yang merupakan pertandingan sepak bola antarkelas di SMAN 1 Kediri. (Sekarang menjadi PORS'T atau Pekan Olahraga Smas't yang tidak hanya sepak bola saja melainkan ada E-Sport, Bulu Tangkis, Futsal, Basket, Desain Grafis). Pors't dibuka dengan acara Health Day yang kegiatannya senam bersama dan diikuti oleh semua siswa dan guru. Study Tour, diikuti oleh siswa kelas XI. Expo, merupakan ajang untuk menjual berbagai macam makanan maupun souvenir. Pesertanya adalah kelas X dan XI. Diadakan pada akhir semester 2. MESO (Mathematics, English, and Science Olympiad), kompetisi bidang akademik untuk siswa SMP/MTs Se-Eks Karesidenan Kediri PEKAN BAHASA. Lomba bahasa inggris dan indonesia yang terdiri dari lomba debat dan puisi. OSFC (Ozon Smas't Futsal Competition), kompetisi bidang olahraga futsal yang diselenggarakan untuk pelajar SMA/MA/SMK Sederajat Se-Karesidenan Kota Kediri. KONSER AMAL, acara ini diadakan dengan konser yang terdiri dari music band, tari, modern dance, menyanyi, dsb untuk penggalangan dana dan disumbangkan ke lembaga Rumah Zakat. DINA JAWA & AJI SEKAR, merupakan serangkaian kegiatan untuk memperingati hari Kartini.\n\n2. Bataviaasch Nieuwsblad 6 September 1922\n\n3. Verslag over de burgerlijke openbare werken in Nederlandsch-Indië, 1921-1924\n\nSitus Web Resmi Situs Alumni\n\nNegeri 01 Kategori:Sekolah menengah atas\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"SMA Negeri 1 Kediri adalah salah satu sekolah menengah atas yang ada di Kota Kediri, Jawa Timur.","translated_text":"Kediri State High School is one of the secondary schools in Kediri, East Java.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Sekolah yang menerapkan sistem Full Day School ini merupakan sekolah tertua dan favorit di Kota Kediri.","translated_text":"The school implementing the Full Day School system is the oldest and favourite school in Kediri City.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Berbeda dengan sekolah pada umumnya, sekolah ini juga menyediakan program kelas percepatan yang mana bisa ditempuh dalam kurun waktu 2 tahun saja.","translated_text":"Unlike most schools, this school also provides accelerated classroom programs that can be completed in as little as two years.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Sekolah yang beralamatkan di Jalan Veteran No. 1 Kota Kediri, Jawa Timur, Indonesia.","translated_text":"The rescue school is located at Veteran Road No. 1 Kediri, East Java, Indonesia.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Sejarah","translated_text":"The history","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"heading","text":"Tahun 1922 – Maret 1942","translated_text":"The year 1922 ⁇ March 1942","level":3,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Gedung sekolah jalan Klotok 1 Kediri ini selesai dibangun pada tahun 1922.","translated_text":"This one-story brick school building was completed in 1922.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Dirancang oleh dinas pekerjaan umum (BOW) dan diresmikan pada tanggal 31 Agustus 1922 pukul setengah 9 pagi.","translated_text":"Designed by the Public Works Department (BOW) and inaugurated on August 31, 1922 at 9:30 a.m.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Lelang pembangunan gedung MULO dilakukan di Surabaya oleh kepala Pekerjaan Umum, tuan de Bruijn Kops dan diberitakan dibeberapa surat kabar.","translated_text":"The auction for the construction of the MULO building was carried out in Surabaya by the head of Public Works, Mr de Bruijn Kops and reported in several newspapers.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Meskipun telah diberitakan dibeberapa surat kabar, ternyata hanya ada satu peminat, yakni tuan J.H.B. Kivit dari Blitar.","translated_text":"Although it has been reported in several newspapers, it turns out there is only one fan, Mr. J.H.B. Kivit of Blitar.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Meskipun dibangun pada tahun 1922 tetapi kelihatan sekali bahwa gedung ini memang dipersiapkan untuk wadah pendidikan jangka panjang.","translated_text":"Although it was built in 1922, it is clear that the building was indeed prepared for long-term education.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Bangunannya solid sekali, bahkan pada sekarang ini, kondisinya masih kukuh kuat, hanya perlu perbaikan minor.","translated_text":"The building was solid, and even now, it's still in very good condition, requiring only minor repairs.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Bahkan gedung ini dilengkapi dengan ruangan laboratorium!","translated_text":"Even this building is equipped with a laboratory room!","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Bandingkanlah dengan SMA zaman sekarang.","translated_text":"Compare it to modern-day high school.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Pada sekitar tahun 1940 melihat perkembangan politik dunia terutama invasi Jepang, maka Pemerintah Hindia Belanda membentuk satu kesatuan Staatwacht (penjaga kota) semacam hansip, yang berfungsi untuk membantu angkatan perangnya menghadapi serbuan tentara Jepang.","translated_text":"Around 1940 seeing the world's political developments especially the Japanese invasion, the Dutch Indian Government formed a unit of the Staatwacht (city guard) of sorts, which served to assist its army in the face of Japanese army raids.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pasukan Staatwacht ini juga berkantor di gedung MULO, dan terutama masuk sore dan malam hari.","translated_text":"This Staatwacht force is also based in the MULO building, and mainly enters in the afternoon and at night.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Tahun 1942 – 1945","translated_text":"The year 1942 ⁇ 1945","level":3,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Pada tahun 1942, kota Kediri ikut jatuh ke tangan pasukan Jepang, dan mulailah babak Pemerintahan Militer Jepang.","translated_text":"In 1942, the city of Kediri fell to Japanese forces, and the Japanese Military Government began.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Sekolah MULO dibubarkan begitu saja.","translated_text":"The MULO school was dissolved.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Dan bahkan gedung sekolah kemudian dipakai sebagai tempat tahanan serta markas tentara Jepang.","translated_text":"And even the school building was later used as a prison as well as a Japanese army headquarters.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Ini berlangsung terus selama masa pemerintahan penjajahan Jepang.","translated_text":"This went on continuously during the Japanese colonial rule.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Periode 1945 – 1948","translated_text":"Period 1945 ⁇ 1948","level":3,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Setelah pasukan Jepang kalah perang, sebagian ditawan dan sebagian besar pulang ke negaranya, maka gedung jalan Klotok 1 ini diambil alih dan dipakai begitu saja sebagai markas Badan Keamanan Rakyat yang selanjutnya menjadi Tentara Keamanan Rakyat.","translated_text":"After the Japanese troops lost the war, some were captured and most returned to their homeland, the building of Klotok Street 1 was taken over and used as the headquarters of the People's Security Agency which later became the People's Security Army.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Selanjutnya dengan reorganisasi TNI maka gedung sekolah ini dipakai sebagai Markas Divisi | Brawijaya.","translated_text":"Next, with the reorganization of the TNI, this school building was used as the headquarters of the Brawijaya Division.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Ini berlangsung sejak tahun 1947 hingga masuknya tentara Belanda ke Kediri taggal 19 Desember 1948.","translated_text":"It lasted from 1947 until the entry of the Dutch army into the Third Reich on 19 December 1948.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Untuk menandai peristiwa tersebut pada tahun 1980-an di halaman depan sekolah didirikan tugu peringatan dengan tulisan: \"Tempat Markas Divisi/Brawijaya Tahun 1947 – 1948″","translated_text":"To mark the event in the 1980s on the front of the school was erected a memorial monument with the inscription: \"Division Headquarters Place/Brawijaya Year 1947 ⁇ 1948′′","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Periode 1948 – 1950","translated_text":"Period of 1948 ⁇ 1950","level":3,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Dengan bercokolnya pasukan Belanda di Kediri maka gedung jalan Klotok 1 ikut beralih fungsi.","translated_text":"With the arrival of Dutch troops in Kediri, the building of Klotok Street 1 switched functions.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Dari semula Markas Divisi | Brawijaya dipakai menjadi Markas Tentara Belanda/KNIL.","translated_text":"Brawijaya Division Headquarters was originally used as Dutch Army Headquarters.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Situasi ini berlangsung hingga penyerahan kedaulatan (overdracht) pada awal tahun 1950, secara berangsur-angsur personel tentara Belanda tersebut pulang ke daerah asal masing-masing.","translated_text":"This situation lasted until the surrender of sovereignty (overdracht) in the early 1950s, gradually the personnel of the Dutch army returned to their respective homelands.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Selanjutnya gedung dibiarkan kosong.","translated_text":"Next, the building is left empty.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Periode 1951 – sekarang","translated_text":"The period of 1951 ⁇ now","level":3,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Dengan surat keputusan Residen Kediri (Bapak Samadikun) pada tahun 1951, gedung sekolah ex.","translated_text":"With the decree of Residen Kediri (Father Samadikun) in 1951, the school building ex.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"MULO jalan Klotok 1 Kediri ditetapkan sebagai gedung sekolah untuk SMA Negeri Kediri, dan terus dipakai sampai sekarang.","translated_text":"MULO Klotok 1 Kediri street was designated as a school building for Kediri State High School, and continues to be used to this day.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Jalan klotok yang dulunya dipakai sebagai alamat SMA 1 sekarang berubah menjadi Jalan Veteran 1 Kediri dan menjadi alamat tetap.","translated_text":"Klotok Street which was once used as the address of High School 1 is now converted into Veteran's Street 1 Secondary and is a permanent address.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"60 tahun usia SMA Negeri Kediri yang sesuai dengan perkembangan zaman dan kamajuan dunia pendidikan sekarang menjadi SMA Negeri 1 Kediri.","translated_text":"60 years old Kediri State High School which corresponds to the development of the times and the progress of the world of education is now the 1st Kediri State High School.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Arti lambang","translated_text":"Meaning of the emblem","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"heading","text":"Latar Belakang Penetapan Logo","translated_text":"Logo setting background","level":3,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Pada tahun 1951, pemerintah daerah provinsi Jawa Timur melaksanakan Pekan Olah Raga Pelajar Daerah (POPDA) dilangsungkan di Surabaya.","translated_text":"In 1951, the regional government of East Java province implemented the Regional Student Sports Week (POPDA) held in Surabaya.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Tentu saja kesempatan ini tidak disia-siakan oleh sekolah untuk memperkenalkan eksistensinya, dengan mengikuti event tersebut.","translated_text":"Of course, this opportunity is not wasted by the school to introduce its existence, by attending the event.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Sebagai salah satu konsekuensinya sekolah harus mempunyai Logo sebagai identitas sekolah.","translated_text":"As one consequence, schools must have a logo as the school's identity.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Panji yang bergambarkan Logo ini akan mengawali prosesi barisan pada saat pembukaan POPDA nantinya.","translated_text":"The flag depicting this logo will begin the line-up procession at the next opening of POPDA.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Namun oleh para pimpinan sekolah yang berfikirkan panjang berpendapat bahwa penetapan Logo ini tidak hanya sekadar syarat untuk mengikuti POPDA saja tetapi dalam jangka panjang juga sebagai lambang identitas sekolah kita.","translated_text":"However, long-thinking school leaders argue that the designation of the logo is not only a requirement to follow the POPDA but in the long run is also a symbol of our school identity.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Oleh sebab itu penciptaan Logo ini tidak boleh sekadar asal jadi saja, namun juga harus difikirkan penggunaannya secara berkelanjutan, bahkan kalau bisa harus dipakai terus selama sekolah ini masih ada/eksis.","translated_text":"Therefore, the creation of this logo should not only be an origin, but it should also be thought about its continued use, even if it could be used continuously for as long as the school still exists.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Untuk itu penciptaan Logo ini perlu disayembarakan secara terbuka!","translated_text":"That's why the creation of this logo needs to be publicly announced!","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Ternyata tantangan sayembara ini menggugah banyak peminat terutama di kalangan siswa.","translated_text":"It turns out that this global challenge excites many enthusiasts, especially among students.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Mereka berlomba-lomba mengirimkan usulan kreasinya, bahkan tidak jarang seorang peserta mengikutsertakan 2 atau lebih hasil karyanya.","translated_text":"They raced to submit proposals for their creations, and it was not uncommon for a participant to include two or more of their works.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Ketua juri adalah Bapak Goenawan Mahdi waktu itu guru menggambar di SMA Negeri Kediri.","translated_text":"The chairman of the jury was Mr. Goenawan Mahdi who was then a drawing teacher at Kediri State High School.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Sebagai hasilnya ditetapkan karya rekan Toni Swandito sebagai pemenang lomba penciptaan Logo sekolah SMA Negeri Kediri.","translated_text":"As a result, Toni Swandito's colleague was named the winner of the Logo creation competition at Kediri State High School.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Demikianlah pada upacara pembukaan POPDA Jawa Timur tahun 1951 pasukan SMA Negeri Kediri berbaris dengan gagah mengikuti bendera bergambarkan Logo sekolah.","translated_text":"This was the case at the opening ceremony of POPDA East Java in 1951 when the forces of the Kediri State High School line up bravely following the flag depicting the school's Logo.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Dan selanjutnya sejak itu pula Logo tersebut dipakai sebagai identitas sekolah.","translated_text":"And since then, the logo has been used as a school identity.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Makna yang terkandung didalamnya","translated_text":"The meaning contained in it.","level":3,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Mengingat tidak ada dokumen tertulis, maka penjelasan di sini hanya berdasarkan ingatan Ir. Toni Suwandito pada tahun 2005 saja, tanpa mengesampingkan faktor lupa, karena tenggang waktu 50 tahun lebih, inilah yang bisa diingat:","translated_text":"Given that there is no written documentation, the explanation here is based solely on the memory of Professor Toni Suwandito in 2005 alone, without excluding the forgetting factor, because of the time limit of 50 years, here's what we can remember:","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Warna dasar biru tua, artinya loyalitas; Perisai, melambangkan pertahanan, kekokohan, dan tangguh; Garis-garis gambar warna putih, berarti bersih dan suci;","translated_text":"The old blue background signifies loyalty; the shield signifies defense, strength, and endurance; the lines of the picture are white, signifying cleanliness and holiness;","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Burung hantu, sebagai lambang ilmu pengetahuan; Segitiga, melambangkan kekokohan yang tidak bisa diubah; Buku yang terbuka, maknanya sebagai sumber ilmu;","translated_text":"A ghost bird, as a symbol of science; a triangle, as a symbol of unchangeable firmness; an open book, as a source of science;","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Rantai melingkar atau tepung gelang, artinya hubungan atau ikatan yang erat antara guru dan murid serta keluarga besar sekolah.","translated_text":"Circular chains, or bracelets, signify a close bond or bond between teachers and pupils as well as a large school family.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Perubahan atau Modifikasi","translated_text":"Change or Modification","level":3,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Pada tahun 1960 dengan terbentuknya sekolah SMA Negeri 2 Kediri, logo mengalami sedikit perubahan sebagai berikut: Gambar burung hantu diubah, sebelumnya lebih kelihatan bentuk burung, sekarang cenderung figuratif dengan menonjolkan kepala burung.","translated_text":"In 1960 with the formation of Kediri State Secondary School, the logo underwent a slight change as follows: The image of the owl was changed, previously more bird-shaped, now tends to be figurative by highlighting the bird's head.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Gambar buku yang terbuka, dihilangkan.","translated_text":"The picture of an open book, deleted.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Sebagai ganti gambar buku berupa tulisan: NEGERI.","translated_text":"Instead of a picture of the book, it was written: NERGY.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Di bawah tulisan SMA ditambah dengan angka 1 (satu).","translated_text":"Below the high school writing plus the number 1 (one).","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Akreditasi","translated_text":"Accreditation","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Nilai akreditasi: 95 Peringkat akreditasi: A Tanggal penetapan: 19 November 2012","translated_text":"Accreditation score: 95 Accreditation rating: A Date of appointment: 19 November 2012","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[{"content":"{{Cite web |url=http://ban-sm.or.id/provinsi/jawa-timur/akreditasi/view/288458 |title=Hasil Akreditasi SMAN 1 Kediri |access-date=2013-04-13 |archive-date=2013-10-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131023041929/http://ban-sm.or.id/provinsi/jawa-timur/akreditasi/view/288458 |dead-url=yes }}","char_index":80,"name":null,"url":"http://ban-sm.or.id/provinsi/jawa-timur/akreditasi/view/288458","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html; charset=UTF-8","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":80704,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:23.486269-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":2,"source_quality_raw_score":0.257080078125},{"content":"{{Cite web |url=http://ban-sm.or.id/provinsi/jawa-timur/akreditasi/view/288458 |title=Hasil Akreditasi SMAN 1 Kediri |access-date=2013-04-13 |archive-date=2013-10-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131023041929/http://ban-sm.or.id/provinsi/jawa-timur/akreditasi/view/288458 |dead-url=yes }}","char_index":80,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20131023041929/http://ban-sm.or.id/provinsi/jawa-timur/akreditasi/view/288458","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:24.809169-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Fasilitas","translated_text":"Facilities","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Ruang Kepala Sekolah Ruang Tata Usaha (TU) Ruang Guru Ruang Bimbingan Konseling (BK) 28 Ruang Kelas Masjid Auditorium (Aula) Laboratorium Fisika Laboratorium Kimia Laboratorium Biologi Laboratorium Bahasa Laboratorium Komputer Perpustakaan Kantin Ruang UKS Smas't Music Studio Lapangan Sepak Bola/Lapangan Upacara Lapangan Voli Lapangan Basket Tempat Parkir","translated_text":"School Principal's Room Business Administration (TU) Teacher's Room Counseling Guidance (BK) 28 Classroom Masjid Auditorium (Aula) Laboratory Physics Laboratory Chemistry Laboratory Biology Laboratory Language Laboratory Computer Library Kantin Room UKS Smas't Music Studio Soccer Fields / Ceremony Fields Volleyball Fields Basketball Parking area","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Kegiatan Ekstrakurikuler dan Organisasi","translated_text":"Extracurricular and Organizational Activities","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"OSIS (Organisasi Siswa Intra Sekolah) @ozonsmast MPK (Majelis Perwakilan Kelas) SKI atau SKIS'T (Sie Kerohanian Islam Smas't) Banderas't (Barisan Pengibar Bendera Smas't) OASE (Owl Association Salutary Education) Smas't Pragusmas't (Pramuka Gugus Depan Smas't) PMR atau Palmers't (Palang Merah Remaja Smas't) Metafo (Media Berita dan Informasi) Abas't (Arek Basket Smas't) Tasmania (Taekwondo Smas't Mania) VOLCOS'T (Voli Club of Smas't)","translated_text":"OSIS (Intra School Student Organization) @ozonsmast MPK (Class Representative Assembly) SKI or SKIS'T (Sie Kerohanian Islam Smas't) Banderas't (Owl Association Salutary Education) OASE (Owl Association Salutary Education) Smas't Pragusmas't (Front Group Opening Smas't) PMR or Palmers't (Red Cross Youth Smas't) Metafo (Media and Information) Abas't (Arek Basket Smas't) Tasmania (Taekwondo Smas'tia) VOLCOS'T (Voli Club of Smas't)","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Bos't (Badminton of Smas't)","translated_text":"Boss't (Badminton of Smas't)","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Ensambel Ekstars't (Ekstra Tari Smas't)","translated_text":"The Ensemble Ekstars't","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Teve Satu (Teater Veteran Satu) AO1 (Anime Organization) Smas't Karawitan VOST (Voice Of SMAST) MOS'T (Movie Of Smas't)","translated_text":"I'm going to tell you what I'm going to do.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Fullday Band (FDB) Fullday Dance (FDD) Fullday Soccer (FDS) Densus't (Detasemen Khusus Smas't) ECOS'T (English Community Of Smas't) Phocus't (Photography Community Of Smas't)","translated_text":"Fullday Band (FDB) Fullday Dance (FDD) Fullday Soccer (FDS) Densus't (Special Details Smas't) ECOS'T (English Community Of Smas't) Phocus't (Photography Community Of Smas't)","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Blue Camp","translated_text":"Blue Camp","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Alumni","translated_text":"Alumni","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"SMA Negeri 1 Kediri telah mengolah dan mendidik para peserta didiknya dengan baik secara turun-temurun.","translated_text":"State High School No. 1 Kediri has trained and educated its pupils well from generation to generation.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Terbukti dari generasi alumni yang telah selesai mengenyam pendidikan di SMA ini.","translated_text":"It's proven by a generation of alumni who have completed their education at this high school.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Berikut ini beberapa figur yang tercatatat sebagai alumni SMAN 1 Kediri.","translated_text":"Here are some figures listed as alumni of SMAN 1 Kediri.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Hadi Purnomo, Ketua Badan Pemeriksa Keuangan Republik Indonesia (2009-sekarang) Luhur Budi Djatmiko, Direktur Umum PT.","translated_text":"Hadi Purnomo, Chairman of the Financial Inspectorate of the Republic of Indonesia (2009-present) Luhur Budi Djatmiko, Director General of PT.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pertamina Persero Pramono Anung Wibowo, Wakil Ketua DPR Periode 2009-2014 Sekretaris Negara, kabinet kerja Prof. Muhammad Nasir Menristekdikti, periode 2014-2019 Abdullah Abu Bakar, Wakil Wali kota Kediri Periode 2009-2014 Abdullah Abu Bakar, Wali kota Kediri Periode 2014-2019 Syahri Mulyo, Bupati Tulungagung Periode 2013-2018","translated_text":"Pertamina Persero Pramono Anung Wibowo, Deputy Speaker of the House of Representatives Period 2009-2014 Secretary of State, working cabinet Prof. Muhammad Nasir Menristekti, period 2014-2019 Abdullah Abu Bakar, Deputy Mayor of Kediri Period 2009-2014 Abdullah Abu Bakar, Mayor of Kediri Period 2014-2019 Syahri Mulyo, Bupati Tulungagung Period 2013-2018","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Kegiatan tahunan","translated_text":"Annual activities","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Masa Orientasi Peserta Didik Baru (MOPDB), yang merupakan pengenalan serta penyampaian orientasi siswa baru terhadap lingkungan sekolah, diadakan saat tahun ajaran baru tiba (pertengahan Juli).","translated_text":"The Newly Educated Participant Orientation Time (MOPDB), which is the introduction and presentation of new student orientation to the school environment, is held when the new school year arrives (mid-July).","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Dies Natalies, yang merupakan peringatan hari ulang tahun sekolah.","translated_text":"Dies Natalies, which is a school anniversary commemoration.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Diadakan setiap tanggal 09 September.","translated_text":"Held every September 9.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Kegiatan Tengah Semester (KTS), yang diadakan pada setiap pertengahan semester (Bulan Oktober dan April).","translated_text":"Mid-semester activities (KTS), which are held every mid-semester (October and April).","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Diisi dengan berbagai macam kegiatan yang mendidik dan menghibur.","translated_text":"It's filled with a variety of educational and entertaining activities.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Smas't League, yang merupakan pertandingan sepak bola antarkelas di SMAN 1 Kediri.","translated_text":"Smas't League, which is an inter-class football match in SMAN 1 Second.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"(Sekarang menjadi PORS'T atau Pekan Olahraga Smas't yang tidak hanya sepak bola saja melainkan ada E-Sport, Bulu Tangkis, Futsal, Basket, Desain Grafis).","translated_text":"(Now it's PORS'T or Smas't Sports Week which isn't just football but there's E-Sports, Fleece, Futsal, Basketball, Graphic Design.)","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pors't dibuka dengan acara Health Day yang kegiatannya senam bersama dan diikuti oleh semua siswa dan guru.","translated_text":"Pors't opens with a Health Day event where the activity is a joint exercise and attended by all students and teachers.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Study Tour, diikuti oleh siswa kelas XI.","translated_text":"Study Tour, followed by 11th grade students.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Expo, merupakan ajang untuk menjual berbagai macam makanan maupun souvenir.","translated_text":"The Expo is an event to sell a variety of food and souvenirs.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pesertanya adalah kelas X dan XI.","translated_text":"The participants are Class X and XI.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Diadakan pada akhir semester 2. MESO (Mathematics, English, and Science Olympiad), kompetisi bidang akademik untuk siswa SMP/MTs Se-Eks Karesidenan Kediri PEKAN BAHASA.","translated_text":"Held at the end of the 2nd semester MESO (Mathematics, English, and Science Olympiad), an academic field competition for high school/MTs Se-Ex Residency Students.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Lomba bahasa inggris dan indonesia yang terdiri dari lomba debat dan puisi.","translated_text":"English and Indonesian language races consisting of debate and poetry races.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"OSFC (Ozon Smas't Futsal Competition), kompetisi bidang olahraga futsal yang diselenggarakan untuk pelajar SMA/MA/SMK Sederajat Se-Karesidenan Kota Kediri.","translated_text":"OSFC (Ozon Smas't Futsal Competition), a competition in the field of futsal sports organized for secondary school/ma/middle school students.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"KONSER AMAL, acara ini diadakan dengan konser yang terdiri dari music band, tari, modern dance, menyanyi, dsb untuk penggalangan dana dan disumbangkan ke lembaga Rumah Zakat.","translated_text":"KONSER AMAL, this event is held with a concert consisting of music band, dance, modern dance, singing, etc. for fundraising and donated to the charity.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"DINA JAWA & AJI SEKAR, merupakan serangkaian kegiatan untuk memperingati hari Kartini.","translated_text":"DINA JAWA & AJI SEKAR, is a series of activities to commemorate the day of Kartini.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Referensi","translated_text":"References","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"2","translated_text":"Two","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":". Bataviaasch Nieuwsblad 6 September 1922","translated_text":"Bataviaasch Nieuwsblad 6th of September 1922","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"3","translated_text":"3 of them","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":". Verslag over de burgerlijke openbare werken in Nederlandsch-Indië, 1921-1924","translated_text":". Verslag over de burgerlijke openbare werken in the Dutch East Indies, 1921-1924","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Pranala luar","translated_text":"External connections","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Situs Web Resmi Situs Alumni","translated_text":"The official alumni website","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090831070530/http://alumnisma1kediri.or.id/ |date=2009-08-31 }}","char_index":28,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20090831070530/http://alumnisma1kediri.or.id/","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:24.878941-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Negeri 01 Kategori:Sekolah menengah atas","translated_text":"Country 01 Category:High school","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[{"text":"Nilai akreditasi: 95 Peringkat akreditasi: A Tanggal penetapan: 19 November 2012","translated_text":"Accreditation score: 95 Accreditation rating: A Date of appointment: 19 November 2012","citations":[{"content":"{{Cite web |url=http://ban-sm.or.id/provinsi/jawa-timur/akreditasi/view/288458 |title=Hasil Akreditasi SMAN 1 Kediri |access-date=2013-04-13 |archive-date=2013-10-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131023041929/http://ban-sm.or.id/provinsi/jawa-timur/akreditasi/view/288458 |dead-url=yes }}","char_index":80,"name":null,"url":"http://ban-sm.or.id/provinsi/jawa-timur/akreditasi/view/288458","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html; charset=UTF-8","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":80704,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:23.486269-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":2,"source_quality_raw_score":0.257080078125},{"content":"{{Cite web |url=http://ban-sm.or.id/provinsi/jawa-timur/akreditasi/view/288458 |title=Hasil Akreditasi SMAN 1 Kediri |access-date=2013-04-13 |archive-date=2013-10-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131023041929/http://ban-sm.or.id/provinsi/jawa-timur/akreditasi/view/288458 |dead-url=yes }}","char_index":80,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20131023041929/http://ban-sm.or.id/provinsi/jawa-timur/akreditasi/view/288458","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:24.809169-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Situs Web Resmi Situs Alumni","translated_text":"The official alumni website","citations":[{"content":"{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090831070530/http://alumnisma1kediri.or.id/ |date=2009-08-31 }}","char_index":28,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20090831070530/http://alumnisma1kediri.or.id/","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:24.878941-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]}]} +{"title":"7,62 × 25 mm Tokarev","wikicode":"[[Berkas:7.62x25 - FMJ - SB - 5.jpg|240px|jmpl|Peluru 7,62 mm Tokarev]].\n\nPeluru '''7,62 × 25 mm Tokarev''' adalah peluru dengan bentuk ujung membentuk ''bottleneck'' yang banyak digunakan di [[Uni Soviet]], negara aliansi [[Pakta Warsawa]], dan masih digunakan di [[Pakistan]].\n\n== Desain ==\nSecara garis besar peluru ini merupakan peningkatan dari peluru '''[[7,63 × 25 mm Mauser]]'''. Karakteristik kedua peluru ini hampir sama. Senjata yang menggunakan peluru 7,62 × 25 mm Tokarev dapat pula menggunakan peluru 7,63 × 25 mm Mauser.\n\nPeluru ini dibuat dengan banyak varian untuk penggunaan pada senjata [[pistol mitraliur]]. Beberapa di antaranya adalah tipe peluru dengan kemampuan ''armor-piercing'', ''tracer'' dan kemampuan \"bakar\". Peluru ini mempunyai kemampuan untuk menembus rompi anti peluru kelas I, IIA dan II, begitu juga kemampuan untuk menembus helm kevlar sebagai contoh helm tipe PASGT buatan [[Amerika]]. Dengan kemampuannya tersebut banyak juga institusi militer yang tidak menggunakannya, meski beberapa negara masih menggunakan peluru jenis ini seperti [[Rusia]], Pakistan, [[Republik Rakyat Tiongkok|Tiongkok]] (pengguna terbanyak) karena alasan masih banyaknya persediaan amunisi peluru tersebut.\n\nAda salah kaprah dalam konsep penggunaan peluru jenis ini di Amerika Serikat yang dibuat menggunakan bahan tembaga berlapis baja tipis, peluru ini menyebabkan efek pantul yang berbahaya jika ditembakan pada bidang keras, juga mengakibatkan kerusakan pada sasaran tembak ketika digunakan untuk latihan menembak di tempat latihan menembak. Versi peluru 7,63 x 25 mm untuk pasar [[Internasional]] menggunakan inti yang terbuat dari baja, sedangkan untuk pasar Amerika menggunakan bahan tembaga berlapis baja tipis tidak diperkenankan alias [[ilegal]], hukum federal disana menyatakan bahwa peluru jenis ini adalah peluru [[pistol]] dengan kemampuan ''armor piercing''. Dibuatlah tipe peluru yang dijual di Amerika menggunakan inti dari [[timah]] dengan selongsong terbuat dari tembaga yang dilapisi baja, peluru tipe ini mempunyai karakteristik pantulan lebih rendah dari tipe peluru yang hanya menggunakan standar selongsong dari bahan tembaga.\n\n== Hasil Tes Kemampuan ==\nPeluru ini mempunyai kecepatan rata-rata 442 meter per detik (m/s) dan kekuatan energi sebesar 544 [[joule]]. Suara tembakan dan cahaya yang dihasilkan dari tembakan lebih keras dari suara tembakan peluru biasanya.\n\n== Varian Terkenal ==\nNegara Cina menggunakan peluru '''7,63 × 25 mm Tipe P''', yang mana peluru ini khusus dibuat dan digunakan untuk senjata menggunakan peredam.\n\n== Tipe Varian Peluru ==\n* 7.62 mm Type P\n* 7.62 mm Tokarev\n* 7.62 × 25 mm TT\n* .30 Tokarev\n* Czech M48\n* 7.62 Russian\n* 7.62 TT\n\n== Senjata dan Penggunaan Peluru ==\n[[Berkas:ChineseType54Pistol.jpg|ka|jmpl| Pistol Tipe 54 buatan Cina yang merupakan 'jiplakan' TT-33 menggunakan peluru 7,62 × 25 mm]]\n\nPeluru ini dikenal sebagai 'pelurunya' pistol [[Pistolet TT|Tokarev TT-33]], pistol ini merupakan pistol standar Uni Soviet dari awal [[1930an]] sampai dengan pertengahan [[1960an]]. Peluru ini digunakan juga untuk pistol [[ČZ vz. 52]] yang merupakan pistol standar [[Cekoslovakia]] dari tahun 1952 sampai 1982. Peluru ini dipakai juga untuk beberapa pistol mitraliur, termasuk di antaranya PPD-40, PPSh-41, dan PPS-43 buatan Uni Soviet, pitol mitraliur [[PP-19 Bizon]] buatan Rusia, dan pistol mitraliur [[vz. 24]] dan [[vz. 26]] buatan Cekoslovakia.\n\nDi luar organisasi [[COMECON]], pistol jenis ini tidak dipasarkan, barulah setelah [[Perang Dingin]] berakhir banyak dari jenis senjata yang menggunakan peluru ini ditemukan di pasaran. Di luar dari daftar yang disebutkan di atas, peluru ini juga dipakai untuk [[OTs-27 Berdysh (Poleaxe)]] dan [[OTs-39]] buatan Rusia, pistol mitraliur [[PPSh-41|K-50M]] (PPSh-41), [[MAS-38]] (MAS Mle 1938) yang sudah dimodifikasi dan [[Ygoslav M56]] buatan [[Vietnam Utara]] yang merupakan pistol mitraliur mirip dengan [[MP40]] buatan [[Jerman]].\n\n\nImage:7,62x25 mm TT ReconTanto.jpg|Peluru 7,62 × 25 mm Tokarev. Kiri: Selongsong kuningan [[FMJ]]. Kanan: Selongsong lapis baja.\nImage:Tokarev,parabellum,32.JPG|Perbandingan peluru antara 7,65 mm Browning, '''7,62 Tokarev''', [[9 mm Parabellum]]\nImage:7.62x25 - FMJ - SB - 1.jpg|Peluru 7,65 mm Tokarev buatan [[Sellier & Bellot]]\n\n\n== Referensi ==\n* (en) [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/7.62x25mm_Tokarev 7.62 × 25 mm Tokarev]\n* [http://gunstribune.com/cartridges/762x25-tokarev 7,62 × 25 Tokarev on GunsTribune] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091012075726/http://gunstribune.com/cartridges/762x25-tokarev |date=2009-10-12 }}\n* ''Cartridges of the World 11th Edition'', Book by Frank C. Barnes, Edited by Stan Skinner, Gun Digest Books, 2006, ISBN 0-89689-297-2 pp. 288,337\n{{Commonscat|7.62 Tokarev}}\n\n[[Kategori:Peluru]]\n[[Kategori:Peluru militer]]","hash":"1e7a6c0ea28e7e76f02f4959213265e0f80365752c84abbf9fdfd604531a58fd","last_revision":"2023-04-08T05:52:15Z","first_revision":"2010-07-14T06:42:34Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:04.236161","cross_lingual_links":{"br":"7,62 × 25 mm Tokarev","cs":"7,62 × 25 mm Tokarev","de":"7,62 × 25 mm Tokarew M1930","en":"7.62×25mm Tokarev","es":"7,62 × 25 mm Tokarev","fi":"7,62×25 mm Tokarev","fr":"7,62 × 25 Tokarev","hu":"7,62×25 mm TT","ja":"7.62x25mmトカレフ弾","ko":"7.62 × 25 mm 토카레프","lt":"7,62×25 mm Tokarev","nb":"7,62 x 25 mm Tokarev","pl":"Nabój 7,62 × 25 mm TT","ps":"۲۵×۷،۶۲ مرمی ټوکارېف","pt":"7,62×25mm Tokarev","ru":"7,62 × 25 мм ТТ","sk":"7,62 × 25 mm Tokarev","sl":"7,62×25 Tokarev","sr":"7,62×25mm Токарев","uk":"7,62×25 мм ТТ","vi":"7.62×25mm Tokarev","zh":"7.62×25mm托卡列夫手槍彈"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:49.646268","text":".\n\nPeluru 7,62 × 25 mm Tokarev adalah peluru dengan bentuk ujung membentuk bottleneck yang banyak digunakan di Uni Soviet, negara aliansi Pakta Warsawa, dan masih digunakan di Pakistan.\n\nSecara garis besar peluru ini merupakan peningkatan dari peluru 7,63 × 25 mm Mauser. Karakteristik kedua peluru ini hampir sama. Senjata yang menggunakan peluru 7,62 × 25 mm Tokarev dapat pula menggunakan peluru 7,63 × 25 mm Mauser.\n\nPeluru ini dibuat dengan banyak varian untuk penggunaan pada senjata pistol mitraliur. Beberapa di antaranya adalah tipe peluru dengan kemampuan armor-piercing, tracer dan kemampuan \"bakar\". Peluru ini mempunyai kemampuan untuk menembus rompi anti peluru kelas I, IIA dan II, begitu juga kemampuan untuk menembus helm kevlar sebagai contoh helm tipe PASGT buatan Amerika. Dengan kemampuannya tersebut banyak juga institusi militer yang tidak menggunakannya, meski beberapa negara masih menggunakan peluru jenis ini seperti Rusia, Pakistan, Tiongkok (pengguna terbanyak) karena alasan masih banyaknya persediaan amunisi peluru tersebut.\n\nAda salah kaprah dalam konsep penggunaan peluru jenis ini di Amerika Serikat yang dibuat menggunakan bahan tembaga berlapis baja tipis, peluru ini menyebabkan efek pantul yang berbahaya jika ditembakan pada bidang keras, juga mengakibatkan kerusakan pada sasaran tembak ketika digunakan untuk latihan menembak di tempat latihan menembak. Versi peluru 7,63 x 25 mm untuk pasar Internasional menggunakan inti yang terbuat dari baja, sedangkan untuk pasar Amerika menggunakan bahan tembaga berlapis baja tipis tidak diperkenankan alias ilegal, hukum federal disana menyatakan bahwa peluru jenis ini adalah peluru pistol dengan kemampuan armor piercing. Dibuatlah tipe peluru yang dijual di Amerika menggunakan inti dari timah dengan selongsong terbuat dari tembaga yang dilapisi baja, peluru tipe ini mempunyai karakteristik pantulan lebih rendah dari tipe peluru yang hanya menggunakan standar selongsong dari bahan tembaga.\n\nPeluru ini mempunyai kecepatan rata-rata 442 meter per detik (m/s) dan kekuatan energi sebesar 544 joule. Suara tembakan dan cahaya yang dihasilkan dari tembakan lebih keras dari suara tembakan peluru biasanya.\n\nNegara Cina menggunakan peluru 7,63 × 25 mm Tipe P, yang mana peluru ini khusus dibuat dan digunakan untuk senjata menggunakan peredam.\n\n7.62 mm Type P 7.62 mm Tokarev 7.62 × 25 mm TT .30 Tokarev Czech M48 7.62 Russian 7.62 TT\n\nPeluru ini dikenal sebagai 'pelurunya' pistol Tokarev TT-33, pistol ini merupakan pistol standar Uni Soviet dari awal 1930an sampai dengan pertengahan 1960an. Peluru ini digunakan juga untuk pistol ČZ vz. 52 yang merupakan pistol standar Cekoslovakia dari tahun 1952 sampai 1982. Peluru ini dipakai juga untuk beberapa pistol mitraliur, termasuk di antaranya PPD-40, PPSh-41, dan PPS-43 buatan Uni Soviet, pitol mitraliur PP-19 Bizon buatan Rusia, dan pistol mitraliur vz. 24 dan vz. 26 buatan Cekoslovakia.\n\nDi luar organisasi COMECON, pistol jenis ini tidak dipasarkan, barulah setelah Perang Dingin berakhir banyak dari jenis senjata yang menggunakan peluru ini ditemukan di pasaran. Di luar dari daftar yang disebutkan di atas, peluru ini juga dipakai untuk OTs-27 Berdysh (Poleaxe) dan OTs-39 buatan Rusia, pistol mitraliur K-50M (PPSh-41), MAS-38 (MAS Mle 1938) yang sudah dimodifikasi dan Ygoslav M56 buatan Vietnam Utara yang merupakan pistol mitraliur mirip dengan MP40 buatan Jerman.\n\n(en) 7.62 × 25 mm Tokarev 7,62 × 25 Tokarev on GunsTribune Cartridges of the World 11th Edition, Book by Frank C. Barnes, Edited by Stan Skinner, Gun Digest Books, 2006, ISBN 0-89689-297-2 pp. 288,337\n\nKategori:Peluru Kategori:Peluru militer\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":".","translated_text":"It's all right.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Peluru 7,62 × 25 mm Tokarev adalah peluru dengan bentuk ujung membentuk bottleneck yang banyak digunakan di Uni Soviet, negara aliansi Pakta Warsawa, dan masih digunakan di Pakistan.","translated_text":"The 7.62 × 25 mm Tokarev bullet was a bottleneck-shaped end-shaped bullet widely used in the Soviet Union, a Warsaw Pact alliance country, and still used in Pakistan.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Desain","translated_text":"Design","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Secara garis besar peluru ini merupakan peningkatan dari peluru 7,63 × 25 mm Mauser.","translated_text":"Overall this bullet is an increase from the 7.63 × 25 mm Mauser bullet.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Karakteristik kedua peluru ini hampir sama.","translated_text":"The characteristics of these two bullets are pretty much the same.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Senjata yang menggunakan peluru 7,62 × 25 mm Tokarev dapat pula menggunakan peluru 7,63 × 25 mm Mauser.","translated_text":"Weapons using 7.62 × 25 mm Tokarev rounds can also use 7.63 × 25 mm Mauser rounds.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Peluru ini dibuat dengan banyak varian untuk penggunaan pada senjata pistol mitraliur.","translated_text":"These bullets are made with many variants for use on machine gun guns.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Beberapa di antaranya adalah tipe peluru dengan kemampuan armor-piercing, tracer dan kemampuan \"bakar\".","translated_text":"Some of these were bullet types with armor-piercing, tracer and burning capabilities.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Peluru ini mempunyai kemampuan untuk menembus rompi anti peluru kelas I, IIA dan II, begitu juga kemampuan untuk menembus helm kevlar sebagai contoh helm tipe PASGT buatan Amerika.","translated_text":"The bullet has the ability to penetrate class I, IIA and II anti-bullet jackets, as well as the ability to penetrate kevlar helmets as an example of American-made PASGT type helmets.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Dengan kemampuannya tersebut banyak juga institusi militer yang tidak menggunakannya, meski beberapa negara masih menggunakan peluru jenis ini seperti Rusia, Pakistan, Tiongkok (pengguna terbanyak) karena alasan masih banyaknya persediaan amunisi peluru tersebut.","translated_text":"With this capability many military institutions do not use it, although some countries still use this type of bullet such as Russia, Pakistan, China (most users) due to the large stockpile of ammunition.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Ada salah kaprah dalam konsep penggunaan peluru jenis ini di Amerika Serikat yang dibuat menggunakan bahan tembaga berlapis baja tipis, peluru ini menyebabkan efek pantul yang berbahaya jika ditembakan pada bidang keras, juga mengakibatkan kerusakan pada sasaran tembak ketika digunakan untuk latihan menembak di tempat latihan menembak.","translated_text":"There is a misconception in the concept of using this type of bullet in the United States that is made using a thin steel-coated copper material, this bullet causes a dangerous recoil effect if fired in a hard field, also resulting in damage to the target when used for firing exercises at the firing range.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Versi peluru 7,63 x 25 mm untuk pasar Internasional menggunakan inti yang terbuat dari baja, sedangkan untuk pasar Amerika menggunakan bahan tembaga berlapis baja tipis tidak diperkenankan alias ilegal, hukum federal disana menyatakan bahwa peluru jenis ini adalah peluru pistol dengan kemampuan armor piercing.","translated_text":"The 7.63 x 25 mm version of the bullet for the international market used a core made of steel, whereas for the American market using a thin steel-coated copper material was not allowed alias illegal, federal law there stated that the bullet of this type was a pistol bullet with the ability to pierce armor.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Dibuatlah tipe peluru yang dijual di Amerika menggunakan inti dari timah dengan selongsong terbuat dari tembaga yang dilapisi baja, peluru tipe ini mempunyai karakteristik pantulan lebih rendah dari tipe peluru yang hanya menggunakan standar selongsong dari bahan tembaga.","translated_text":"Manufactured from the type of bullet sold in the United States using a lead core with a steel-coated copper slit, these types of bullets have lower reflection characteristics than the type of bullet that only uses standard copper slit materials.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Hasil Tes Kemampuan","translated_text":"Results of the Skills Test","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Peluru ini mempunyai kecepatan rata-rata 442 meter per detik (m/s) dan kekuatan energi sebesar 544 joule.","translated_text":"The bullet has an average speed of 442 meters per second (m/s) and an energy strength of 544 joules.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Suara tembakan dan cahaya yang dihasilkan dari tembakan lebih keras dari suara tembakan peluru biasanya.","translated_text":"The sound of the shots and the light produced by the shots are louder than the sound of the bullets normally.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Varian Terkenal","translated_text":"Famous Variants","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Negara Cina menggunakan peluru 7,63 × 25 mm Tipe P, yang mana peluru ini khusus dibuat dan digunakan untuk senjata menggunakan peredam.","translated_text":"The Chinese state uses 7.63 × 25 mm P-type bullets, which are specially made and used for weapons using extinguishers.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Tipe Varian Peluru","translated_text":"Type of bullet variant","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"7.62 mm Type P 7.62 mm Tokarev 7.62 × 25 mm TT .30 Tokarev Czech M48 7.62 Russian 7.62 TT","translated_text":"7.62 mm Type P 7.62 mm Tokarev 7.62 × 25 mm TT .30 Tokarev Czech M48 7.62 Russian 7.62 TT","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Senjata dan Penggunaan Peluru","translated_text":"Weapons and Use of Ammunition","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Peluru ini dikenal sebagai 'pelurunya' pistol Tokarev TT-33, pistol ini merupakan pistol standar Uni Soviet dari awal 1930an sampai dengan pertengahan 1960an.","translated_text":"The bullet is known as the 'bullet' of the Tokarev TT-33 pistol, which was the standard Soviet pistol from the early 1930s until the mid-1960s.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Peluru ini digunakan juga untuk pistol ČZ vz. 52 yang merupakan pistol standar Cekoslovakia dari tahun 1952 sampai 1982.","translated_text":"The bullet was also used for the ČZ vz. 52 pistol which was the standard Czechoslovak pistol from 1952 to 1982.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Peluru ini dipakai juga untuk beberapa pistol mitraliur, termasuk di antaranya PPD-40, PPSh-41, dan PPS-43 buatan Uni Soviet, pitol mitraliur PP-19 Bizon buatan Rusia, dan pistol mitraliur vz. 24 dan vz. 26 buatan Cekoslovakia.","translated_text":"The bullet was also used for several machine guns, including the Soviet Union-made PPD-40, PPSh-41, and PPS-43, the Russian-made PP-19 Bizon machine gun, and the Czechoslovak-made vz. 24 and vz. 26 machine guns.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Di luar organisasi COMECON, pistol jenis ini tidak dipasarkan, barulah setelah Perang Dingin berakhir banyak dari jenis senjata yang menggunakan peluru ini ditemukan di pasaran.","translated_text":"Outside the COMECON organization, these types of guns were not marketed, and it was not until after the end of the Cold War that many of these types of guns were found on the market.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Di luar dari daftar yang disebutkan di atas, peluru ini juga dipakai untuk OTs-27 Berdysh (Poleaxe) dan OTs-39 buatan Rusia, pistol mitraliur K-50M (PPSh-41), MAS-38 (MAS Mle 1938) yang sudah dimodifikasi dan Ygoslav M56 buatan Vietnam Utara yang merupakan pistol mitraliur mirip dengan MP40 buatan Jerman.","translated_text":"In addition to the above-mentioned list, the bullet was also used for Russian-made OTs-27 Berdysh (Poleaxe) and OTs-39, modified K-50M (PPSh-41), MAS-38 (MAS Mle 1938) and North Vietnamese-made Ygoslav M56 which was a German-made MP40-like machine gun.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Referensi","translated_text":"References","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"(en) 7.62 × 25 mm Tokarev 7,62 × 25 Tokarev on GunsTribune Cartridges of the World 11th Edition, Book by Frank C. Barnes, Edited by Stan Skinner, Gun Digest Books, 2006, ISBN 0-89689-297-2 pp.","translated_text":"(en) 7.62 × 25 mm Tokarev 7.62 × 25 Tokarev on GunsTribune Cartridges of the World 11th Edition, Book by Frank C. Barnes, Edited by Stan Skinner, Gun Digest Books, 2006, ISBN 0-89689-297-2 pp.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091012075726/http://gunstribune.com/cartridges/762x25-tokarev |date=2009-10-12 }}","char_index":59,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20091012075726/http://gunstribune.com/cartridges/762x25-tokarev","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:24.948129-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"288,337","translated_text":"288,337","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kategori:Peluru Kategori:Peluru militer","translated_text":"Category:Millers Category:Millers of the military","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[{"text":"(en) 7.62 × 25 mm Tokarev 7,62 × 25 Tokarev on GunsTribune Cartridges of the World 11th Edition, Book by Frank C. Barnes, Edited by Stan Skinner, Gun Digest Books, 2006, ISBN 0-89689-297-2 pp.","translated_text":"(en) 7.62 × 25 mm Tokarev 7.62 × 25 Tokarev on GunsTribune Cartridges of the World 11th Edition, Book by Frank C. Barnes, Edited by Stan Skinner, Gun Digest Books, 2006, ISBN 0-89689-297-2 pp.","citations":[{"content":"{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091012075726/http://gunstribune.com/cartridges/762x25-tokarev |date=2009-10-12 }}","char_index":59,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20091012075726/http://gunstribune.com/cartridges/762x25-tokarev","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:24.948129-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]}]} +{"title":"Festival Adu Sapi Internasional Cheongdo","wikicode":"[[Berkas:Korea-2006 Cheongdo Bullfighting Festival-01.jpg|jmpl|ka|Festival Adu Sapi Internasional Cheongdo]]\n'''Festival Adu Sapi Internasional Cheongdo''' (청도 소싸움 축제) adalah sebuah festival yang diselenggarakan di Kabupaten [[Cheongdo]], [[Gyeongsang Selatan]], [[Korea Selatan]].{{en}}[http://discoveringkorea.com/2009/04/07/cheongdos-bullfighting-festival/ Cheongdo’s Bullfighting Festival] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101030151801/http://discoveringkorea.com/2009/04/07/cheongdos-bullfighting-festival/ |date=2010-10-30 }}, ''discoveringkorea''. Diakses pada 14 Juli 2010.{{cite journal|last=Kim|first=Kwang-on|title=Cheongdo Bullfighting Festival: Pitting Bull Against Bull|journal=Koreana|volume=|url=http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf|year=2004|month=Spring|page=74-79|access-date=2010-07-14|archive-date=2015-05-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150510163746/http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf|dead-url=yes}}\n\nDari tahun 1900-1994, peringatan [[Pergerakan Satu Maret]] di Cheongdo menampilkan kompetisi adu [[sapi]] yang dinamakan ''Kompetisi Adu Sapi Rakyat Yeongnam''. Pada tahun 1995, namanya diganti menjadi ''Kompetisi Adu Sapi Rakyat Nasional''. Pada tahun 1999, Menteri Kebudayaan dan Pariwisata [[Korea Selatan]] memasukkan festival ini ke dalam 10 buah atraksi [[budaya Korea]] yang paling terkenal. Pada tahun 2003, namanya kembali diubah menjadi ''Festival Adu Sapi Internasional Cheongdo'', karena semakin dikenal oleh berbagai negara yang berpartisipasi, seperti [[Jepang]] dan [[Amerika Serikat]]. Sejak itu, kompetisi diramaikan dengan adu sapi dari Korea dengan Jepang serta [[rodeo]] yang dipertunjukkan oleh tentara AS yang bertugas di Korea.\n\nFestival ini diselenggarakan selama 9 hari. Sapi-[[sapi]] yang diadu dikategorikan menjadi 3 kelas, yakni ''gap'' untuk sapi yang memiliki berat 730 kg dan lebih, ''eul'' untuk berat di bawah 730 kg dan ''byeong'' untuk di bawah 640 kg. Segera setelah sapi-sapi mereka ditimbang, masing-masing pemilik akan membuat jadwal pertandingan. Tidak ada batas waktu dalam kompetisi ini, namun ditentukan sampai salah satu sapi kalah tidak mampu lagi bertanding. Jika kedua sapi tidak melakukan kontak selama 15 menit, maka keduanya akan dinyatakan kalah.\n\n== Lihat pula ==\n* [[Kabupaten Cheongdo]]\n\n== Pranala luar ==\n* {{en}} [http://www.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_1_1_1.jsp?cid=700911 Cheongdo Bullfighting Festival] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110315072816/http://www.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_1_1_1.jsp?cid=700911 |date=2011-03-15 }}\n\n== Referensi ==\n{{reflist}}\n{{budaya-stub}}\n\n[[Kategori:Budaya Korea]]\n[[Kategori:Festival di Korea]]\n[[Kategori:Sapi]]","hash":"b3e1add6d5e1cb59799d7d1068a1fc21742ec80b034e0c60f978ba5bc6909d59","last_revision":"2022-05-20T20:08:56Z","first_revision":"2010-07-14T07:16:12Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:04.297062","cross_lingual_links":{"ko":"청도 소싸움 축제"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:49.646268","text":"Festival Adu Sapi Internasional Cheongdo (청도 소싸움 축제) adalah sebuah festival yang diselenggarakan di Kabupaten Cheongdo, Gyeongsang Selatan, Korea Selatan.\n\nDari tahun 1900-1994, peringatan Pergerakan Satu Maret di Cheongdo menampilkan kompetisi adu sapi yang dinamakan Kompetisi Adu Sapi Rakyat Yeongnam. Pada tahun 1995, namanya diganti menjadi Kompetisi Adu Sapi Rakyat Nasional. Pada tahun 1999, Menteri Kebudayaan dan Pariwisata Korea Selatan memasukkan festival ini ke dalam 10 buah atraksi budaya Korea yang paling terkenal. Pada tahun 2003, namanya kembali diubah menjadi Festival Adu Sapi Internasional Cheongdo, karena semakin dikenal oleh berbagai negara yang berpartisipasi, seperti Jepang dan Amerika Serikat. Sejak itu, kompetisi diramaikan dengan adu sapi dari Korea dengan Jepang serta rodeo yang dipertunjukkan oleh tentara AS yang bertugas di Korea.\n\nFestival ini diselenggarakan selama 9 hari. Sapi-sapi yang diadu dikategorikan menjadi 3 kelas, yakni gap untuk sapi yang memiliki berat 730 kg dan lebih, eul untuk berat di bawah 730 kg dan byeong untuk di bawah 640 kg. Segera setelah sapi-sapi mereka ditimbang, masing-masing pemilik akan membuat jadwal pertandingan. Tidak ada batas waktu dalam kompetisi ini, namun ditentukan sampai salah satu sapi kalah tidak mampu lagi bertanding. Jika kedua sapi tidak melakukan kontak selama 15 menit, maka keduanya akan dinyatakan kalah.\n\nKabupaten Cheongdo\n\nCheongdo Bullfighting Festival\n\nKategori:Budaya Korea Kategori:Festival di Korea Kategori:Sapi\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Festival Adu Sapi Internasional Cheongdo (청도 소싸움 축제) adalah sebuah festival yang diselenggarakan di Kabupaten Cheongdo, Gyeongsang Selatan, Korea Selatan.","translated_text":"The Cheongdo International Cattle Festival (청도 소싸움 축제) is a festival held in Cheongdo County, South Gyeongsang, South Korea.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[{"content":"{{en}}[http://discoveringkorea.com/2009/04/07/cheongdos-bullfighting-festival/ Cheongdo’s Bullfighting Festival] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101030151801/http://discoveringkorea.com/2009/04/07/cheongdos-bullfighting-festival/ |date=2010-10-30 }}, ''discoveringkorea''. Diakses pada 14 Juli 2010.","char_index":154,"name":"cheongdo1","url":"http://discoveringkorea.com/2009/04/07/cheongdos-bullfighting-festival/","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html; charset=UTF-8","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":27899,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:25.016917-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":"Text is too short (33 words)","source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{en}}[http://discoveringkorea.com/2009/04/07/cheongdos-bullfighting-festival/ Cheongdo’s Bullfighting Festival] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101030151801/http://discoveringkorea.com/2009/04/07/cheongdos-bullfighting-festival/ |date=2010-10-30 }}, ''discoveringkorea''. Diakses pada 14 Juli 2010.","char_index":154,"name":"cheongdo1","url":"http://discoveringkorea.com/2009/04/07/cheongdos-bullfighting-festival/","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html; charset=UTF-8","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":27899,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:25.016917-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":"Text is too short (33 words)","source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{cite journal|last=Kim|first=Kwang-on|title=Cheongdo Bullfighting Festival: Pitting Bull Against Bull|journal=Koreana|volume=|url=http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf|year=2004|month=Spring|page=74-79|access-date=2010-07-14|archive-date=2015-05-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150510163746/http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf|dead-url=yes}}","char_index":154,"name":"adusapi","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.201188-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{cite journal|last=Kim|first=Kwang-on|title=Cheongdo Bullfighting Festival: Pitting Bull Against Bull|journal=Koreana|volume=|url=http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf|year=2004|month=Spring|page=74-79|access-date=2010-07-14|archive-date=2015-05-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150510163746/http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf|dead-url=yes}}","char_index":154,"name":"adusapi","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.201188-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Dari tahun 1900-1994, peringatan Pergerakan Satu Maret di Cheongdo menampilkan kompetisi adu sapi yang dinamakan Kompetisi Adu Sapi Rakyat Yeongnam.","translated_text":"From 1900-1994, the anniversary of the March One Movement in Cheongdo featured a bullfighting competition called the Yeongnam People's Bullfighting Competition.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{cite journal|last=Kim|first=Kwang-on|title=Cheongdo Bullfighting Festival: Pitting Bull Against Bull|journal=Koreana|volume=|url=http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf|year=2004|month=Spring|page=74-79|access-date=2010-07-14|archive-date=2015-05-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150510163746/http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf|dead-url=yes}}","char_index":148,"name":"adusapi","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.201188-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pada tahun 1995, namanya diganti menjadi Kompetisi Adu Sapi Rakyat Nasional.","translated_text":"In 1995, the name was changed to the National People's Cowboy Competition.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{cite journal|last=Kim|first=Kwang-on|title=Cheongdo Bullfighting Festival: Pitting Bull Against Bull|journal=Koreana|volume=|url=http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf|year=2004|month=Spring|page=74-79|access-date=2010-07-14|archive-date=2015-05-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150510163746/http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf|dead-url=yes}}","char_index":76,"name":"adusapi","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.201188-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pada tahun 1999, Menteri Kebudayaan dan Pariwisata Korea Selatan memasukkan festival ini ke dalam 10 buah atraksi budaya Korea yang paling terkenal.","translated_text":"In 1999, the South Korean Ministry of Culture and Tourism included the festival among the 10 most famous Korean cultural attractions.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{cite journal|last=Kim|first=Kwang-on|title=Cheongdo Bullfighting Festival: Pitting Bull Against Bull|journal=Koreana|volume=|url=http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf|year=2004|month=Spring|page=74-79|access-date=2010-07-14|archive-date=2015-05-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150510163746/http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf|dead-url=yes}}","char_index":148,"name":"adusapi","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.201188-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pada tahun 2003, namanya kembali diubah menjadi Festival Adu Sapi Internasional Cheongdo, karena semakin dikenal oleh berbagai negara yang berpartisipasi, seperti Jepang dan Amerika Serikat.","translated_text":"In 2003, the name was again changed to the Cheongdo International Cattle Festival, as it became increasingly known by various participating countries, such as Japan and the United States.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{cite journal|last=Kim|first=Kwang-on|title=Cheongdo Bullfighting Festival: Pitting Bull Against Bull|journal=Koreana|volume=|url=http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf|year=2004|month=Spring|page=74-79|access-date=2010-07-14|archive-date=2015-05-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150510163746/http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf|dead-url=yes}}","char_index":190,"name":"adusapi","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.201188-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Sejak itu, kompetisi diramaikan dengan adu sapi dari Korea dengan Jepang serta rodeo yang dipertunjukkan oleh tentara AS yang bertugas di Korea.","translated_text":"Since then, the competition has been matched by Korean-Japanese bullfights as well as rodeos performed by U.S. soldiers stationed in Korea.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[{"content":"{{cite journal|last=Kim|first=Kwang-on|title=Cheongdo Bullfighting Festival: Pitting Bull Against Bull|journal=Koreana|volume=|url=http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf|year=2004|month=Spring|page=74-79|access-date=2010-07-14|archive-date=2015-05-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150510163746/http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf|dead-url=yes}}","char_index":144,"name":"adusapi","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.201188-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Festival ini diselenggarakan selama 9 hari.","translated_text":"The festival was held for nine days.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{cite journal|last=Kim|first=Kwang-on|title=Cheongdo Bullfighting Festival: Pitting Bull Against Bull|journal=Koreana|volume=|url=http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf|year=2004|month=Spring|page=74-79|access-date=2010-07-14|archive-date=2015-05-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150510163746/http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf|dead-url=yes}}","char_index":43,"name":"adusapi","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.201188-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Sapi","translated_text":"Cows","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"-sapi yang diadu dikategorikan menjadi 3 kelas, yakni gap untuk sapi yang memiliki berat 730 kg dan lebih, eul untuk berat di bawah 730 kg dan byeong untuk di bawah 640 kg.","translated_text":"- the complained cows are classified into 3 classes, namely gaps for cows weighing 730 kg and over, eul for weighing under 730 kg and byeong for under 640 kg.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{cite journal|last=Kim|first=Kwang-on|title=Cheongdo Bullfighting Festival: Pitting Bull Against Bull|journal=Koreana|volume=|url=http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf|year=2004|month=Spring|page=74-79|access-date=2010-07-14|archive-date=2015-05-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150510163746/http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf|dead-url=yes}}","char_index":172,"name":"adusapi","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.201188-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Segera setelah sapi-sapi mereka ditimbang, masing-masing pemilik akan membuat jadwal pertandingan.","translated_text":"As soon as their cows are weighed, each owner will make a match schedule.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{cite journal|last=Kim|first=Kwang-on|title=Cheongdo Bullfighting Festival: Pitting Bull Against Bull|journal=Koreana|volume=|url=http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf|year=2004|month=Spring|page=74-79|access-date=2010-07-14|archive-date=2015-05-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150510163746/http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf|dead-url=yes}}","char_index":98,"name":"adusapi","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.201188-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Tidak ada batas waktu dalam kompetisi ini, namun ditentukan sampai salah satu sapi kalah tidak mampu lagi bertanding.","translated_text":"There is no time limit in this competition, but it is determined until one of the losing cows is no longer able to compete.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{cite journal|last=Kim|first=Kwang-on|title=Cheongdo Bullfighting Festival: Pitting Bull Against Bull|journal=Koreana|volume=|url=http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf|year=2004|month=Spring|page=74-79|access-date=2010-07-14|archive-date=2015-05-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150510163746/http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf|dead-url=yes}}","char_index":117,"name":"adusapi","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.201188-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Jika kedua sapi tidak melakukan kontak selama 15 menit, maka keduanya akan dinyatakan kalah.","translated_text":"If both cows do not make contact for 15 minutes, then both cows will be declared losers.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[{"content":"{{cite journal|last=Kim|first=Kwang-on|title=Cheongdo Bullfighting Festival: Pitting Bull Against Bull|journal=Koreana|volume=|url=http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf|year=2004|month=Spring|page=74-79|access-date=2010-07-14|archive-date=2015-05-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150510163746/http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf|dead-url=yes}}","char_index":92,"name":"adusapi","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.201188-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Lihat pula","translated_text":"Look at that.","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kabupaten Cheongdo","translated_text":"Cheongdo District","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Pranala luar","translated_text":"External connections","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Cheongdo Bullfighting Festival","translated_text":"Cheongdo Bullfighting Festival","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110315072816/http://www.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_1_1_1.jsp?cid=700911 |date=2011-03-15 }}","char_index":30,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20110315072816/http://www.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_1_1_1.jsp?cid=700911","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.220642-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Referensi","translated_text":"References","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kategori","translated_text":"Categories","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":":Budaya Korea Kategori:Festival di Korea Kategori:Sapi","translated_text":": Korean culture Category:Festivals in Korea Category:Cows","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[{"text":"Festival Adu Sapi Internasional Cheongdo (청도 소싸움 축제) adalah sebuah festival yang diselenggarakan di Kabupaten Cheongdo, Gyeongsang Selatan, Korea Selatan.","translated_text":"The Cheongdo International Cattle Festival (청도 소싸움 축제) is a festival held in Cheongdo County, South Gyeongsang, South Korea.","citations":[{"content":"{{en}}[http://discoveringkorea.com/2009/04/07/cheongdos-bullfighting-festival/ Cheongdo’s Bullfighting Festival] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101030151801/http://discoveringkorea.com/2009/04/07/cheongdos-bullfighting-festival/ |date=2010-10-30 }}, ''discoveringkorea''. Diakses pada 14 Juli 2010.","char_index":154,"name":"cheongdo1","url":"http://discoveringkorea.com/2009/04/07/cheongdos-bullfighting-festival/","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html; charset=UTF-8","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":27899,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:25.016917-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":"Text is too short (33 words)","source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{en}}[http://discoveringkorea.com/2009/04/07/cheongdos-bullfighting-festival/ Cheongdo’s Bullfighting Festival] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101030151801/http://discoveringkorea.com/2009/04/07/cheongdos-bullfighting-festival/ |date=2010-10-30 }}, ''discoveringkorea''. Diakses pada 14 Juli 2010.","char_index":154,"name":"cheongdo1","url":"http://discoveringkorea.com/2009/04/07/cheongdos-bullfighting-festival/","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html; charset=UTF-8","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":27899,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:25.016917-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":"Text is too short (33 words)","source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{cite journal|last=Kim|first=Kwang-on|title=Cheongdo Bullfighting Festival: Pitting Bull Against Bull|journal=Koreana|volume=|url=http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf|year=2004|month=Spring|page=74-79|access-date=2010-07-14|archive-date=2015-05-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150510163746/http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf|dead-url=yes}}","char_index":154,"name":"adusapi","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.201188-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{cite journal|last=Kim|first=Kwang-on|title=Cheongdo Bullfighting Festival: Pitting Bull Against Bull|journal=Koreana|volume=|url=http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf|year=2004|month=Spring|page=74-79|access-date=2010-07-14|archive-date=2015-05-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150510163746/http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf|dead-url=yes}}","char_index":154,"name":"adusapi","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.201188-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Dari tahun 1900-1994, peringatan Pergerakan Satu Maret di Cheongdo menampilkan kompetisi adu sapi yang dinamakan Kompetisi Adu Sapi Rakyat Yeongnam.","translated_text":"From 1900-1994, the anniversary of the March One Movement in Cheongdo featured a bullfighting competition called the Yeongnam People's Bullfighting Competition.","citations":[{"content":"{{cite journal|last=Kim|first=Kwang-on|title=Cheongdo Bullfighting Festival: Pitting Bull Against Bull|journal=Koreana|volume=|url=http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf|year=2004|month=Spring|page=74-79|access-date=2010-07-14|archive-date=2015-05-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150510163746/http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf|dead-url=yes}}","char_index":148,"name":"adusapi","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.201188-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Dari tahun 1900-1994, peringatan Pergerakan Satu Maret di Cheongdo menampilkan kompetisi adu sapi yang dinamakan Kompetisi Adu Sapi Rakyat Yeongnam. Pada tahun 1995, namanya diganti menjadi Kompetisi Adu Sapi Rakyat Nasional.","translated_text":"From 1900-1994, the anniversary of the March One Movement in Cheongdo featured a bullfighting competition called the Yeongnam People's Bullfighting Competition. In 1995, the name was changed to the National People's Cowboy Competition.","citations":[{"content":"{{cite journal|last=Kim|first=Kwang-on|title=Cheongdo Bullfighting Festival: Pitting Bull Against Bull|journal=Koreana|volume=|url=http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf|year=2004|month=Spring|page=74-79|access-date=2010-07-14|archive-date=2015-05-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150510163746/http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf|dead-url=yes}}","char_index":225,"name":"adusapi","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.201188-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Dari tahun 1900-1994, peringatan Pergerakan Satu Maret di Cheongdo menampilkan kompetisi adu sapi yang dinamakan Kompetisi Adu Sapi Rakyat Yeongnam. Pada tahun 1995, namanya diganti menjadi Kompetisi Adu Sapi Rakyat Nasional. Pada tahun 1999, Menteri Kebudayaan dan Pariwisata Korea Selatan memasukkan festival ini ke dalam 10 buah atraksi budaya Korea yang paling terkenal.","translated_text":"From 1900-1994, the anniversary of the March One Movement in Cheongdo featured a bullfighting competition called the Yeongnam People's Bullfighting Competition. In 1995, the name was changed to the National People's Cowboy Competition. In 1999, the South Korean Ministry of Culture and Tourism included the festival among the 10 most famous Korean cultural attractions.","citations":[{"content":"{{cite journal|last=Kim|first=Kwang-on|title=Cheongdo Bullfighting Festival: Pitting Bull Against Bull|journal=Koreana|volume=|url=http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf|year=2004|month=Spring|page=74-79|access-date=2010-07-14|archive-date=2015-05-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150510163746/http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf|dead-url=yes}}","char_index":374,"name":"adusapi","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.201188-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Pada tahun 1995, namanya diganti menjadi Kompetisi Adu Sapi Rakyat Nasional. Pada tahun 1999, Menteri Kebudayaan dan Pariwisata Korea Selatan memasukkan festival ini ke dalam 10 buah atraksi budaya Korea yang paling terkenal. Pada tahun 2003, namanya kembali diubah menjadi Festival Adu Sapi Internasional Cheongdo, karena semakin dikenal oleh berbagai negara yang berpartisipasi, seperti Jepang dan Amerika Serikat.","translated_text":"In 1995, the name was changed to the National People's Cowboy Competition. In 1999, the South Korean Ministry of Culture and Tourism included the festival among the 10 most famous Korean cultural attractions. In 2003, the name was again changed to the Cheongdo International Cattle Festival, as it became increasingly known by various participating countries, such as Japan and the United States.","citations":[{"content":"{{cite journal|last=Kim|first=Kwang-on|title=Cheongdo Bullfighting Festival: Pitting Bull Against Bull|journal=Koreana|volume=|url=http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf|year=2004|month=Spring|page=74-79|access-date=2010-07-14|archive-date=2015-05-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150510163746/http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf|dead-url=yes}}","char_index":416,"name":"adusapi","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.201188-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Pada tahun 1999, Menteri Kebudayaan dan Pariwisata Korea Selatan memasukkan festival ini ke dalam 10 buah atraksi budaya Korea yang paling terkenal. Pada tahun 2003, namanya kembali diubah menjadi Festival Adu Sapi Internasional Cheongdo, karena semakin dikenal oleh berbagai negara yang berpartisipasi, seperti Jepang dan Amerika Serikat. Sejak itu, kompetisi diramaikan dengan adu sapi dari Korea dengan Jepang serta rodeo yang dipertunjukkan oleh tentara AS yang bertugas di Korea.","translated_text":"In 1999, the South Korean Ministry of Culture and Tourism included the festival among the 10 most famous Korean cultural attractions. In 2003, the name was again changed to the Cheongdo International Cattle Festival, as it became increasingly known by various participating countries, such as Japan and the United States. Since then, the competition has been matched by Korean-Japanese bullfights as well as rodeos performed by U.S. soldiers stationed in Korea.","citations":[{"content":"{{cite journal|last=Kim|first=Kwang-on|title=Cheongdo Bullfighting Festival: Pitting Bull Against Bull|journal=Koreana|volume=|url=http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf|year=2004|month=Spring|page=74-79|access-date=2010-07-14|archive-date=2015-05-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150510163746/http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf|dead-url=yes}}","char_index":484,"name":"adusapi","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.201188-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Festival ini diselenggarakan selama 9 hari.","translated_text":"The festival was held for nine days.","citations":[{"content":"{{cite journal|last=Kim|first=Kwang-on|title=Cheongdo Bullfighting Festival: Pitting Bull Against Bull|journal=Koreana|volume=|url=http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf|year=2004|month=Spring|page=74-79|access-date=2010-07-14|archive-date=2015-05-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150510163746/http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf|dead-url=yes}}","char_index":43,"name":"adusapi","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.201188-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Festival ini diselenggarakan selama 9 hari. Sapi -sapi yang diadu dikategorikan menjadi 3 kelas, yakni gap untuk sapi yang memiliki berat 730 kg dan lebih, eul untuk berat di bawah 730 kg dan byeong untuk di bawah 640 kg.","translated_text":"The festival was held for nine days. Cows - the complained cows are classified into 3 classes, namely gaps for cows weighing 730 kg and over, eul for weighing under 730 kg and byeong for under 640 kg.","citations":[{"content":"{{cite journal|last=Kim|first=Kwang-on|title=Cheongdo Bullfighting Festival: Pitting Bull Against Bull|journal=Koreana|volume=|url=http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf|year=2004|month=Spring|page=74-79|access-date=2010-07-14|archive-date=2015-05-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150510163746/http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf|dead-url=yes}}","char_index":221,"name":"adusapi","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.201188-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Sapi -sapi yang diadu dikategorikan menjadi 3 kelas, yakni gap untuk sapi yang memiliki berat 730 kg dan lebih, eul untuk berat di bawah 730 kg dan byeong untuk di bawah 640 kg. Segera setelah sapi-sapi mereka ditimbang, masing-masing pemilik akan membuat jadwal pertandingan.","translated_text":"Cows - the complained cows are classified into 3 classes, namely gaps for cows weighing 730 kg and over, eul for weighing under 730 kg and byeong for under 640 kg. As soon as their cows are weighed, each owner will make a match schedule.","citations":[{"content":"{{cite journal|last=Kim|first=Kwang-on|title=Cheongdo Bullfighting Festival: Pitting Bull Against Bull|journal=Koreana|volume=|url=http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf|year=2004|month=Spring|page=74-79|access-date=2010-07-14|archive-date=2015-05-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150510163746/http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf|dead-url=yes}}","char_index":276,"name":"adusapi","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.201188-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"-sapi yang diadu dikategorikan menjadi 3 kelas, yakni gap untuk sapi yang memiliki berat 730 kg dan lebih, eul untuk berat di bawah 730 kg dan byeong untuk di bawah 640 kg. Segera setelah sapi-sapi mereka ditimbang, masing-masing pemilik akan membuat jadwal pertandingan. Tidak ada batas waktu dalam kompetisi ini, namun ditentukan sampai salah satu sapi kalah tidak mampu lagi bertanding.","translated_text":"- the complained cows are classified into 3 classes, namely gaps for cows weighing 730 kg and over, eul for weighing under 730 kg and byeong for under 640 kg. As soon as their cows are weighed, each owner will make a match schedule. There is no time limit in this competition, but it is determined until one of the losing cows is no longer able to compete.","citations":[{"content":"{{cite journal|last=Kim|first=Kwang-on|title=Cheongdo Bullfighting Festival: Pitting Bull Against Bull|journal=Koreana|volume=|url=http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf|year=2004|month=Spring|page=74-79|access-date=2010-07-14|archive-date=2015-05-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150510163746/http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf|dead-url=yes}}","char_index":389,"name":"adusapi","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.201188-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Segera setelah sapi-sapi mereka ditimbang, masing-masing pemilik akan membuat jadwal pertandingan. Tidak ada batas waktu dalam kompetisi ini, namun ditentukan sampai salah satu sapi kalah tidak mampu lagi bertanding. Jika kedua sapi tidak melakukan kontak selama 15 menit, maka keduanya akan dinyatakan kalah.","translated_text":"As soon as their cows are weighed, each owner will make a match schedule. There is no time limit in this competition, but it is determined until one of the losing cows is no longer able to compete. If both cows do not make contact for 15 minutes, then both cows will be declared losers.","citations":[{"content":"{{cite journal|last=Kim|first=Kwang-on|title=Cheongdo Bullfighting Festival: Pitting Bull Against Bull|journal=Koreana|volume=|url=http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf|year=2004|month=Spring|page=74-79|access-date=2010-07-14|archive-date=2015-05-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150510163746/http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf|dead-url=yes}}","char_index":309,"name":"adusapi","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2004/2004_SPRING_E074.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.201188-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Cheongdo Bullfighting Festival","translated_text":"Cheongdo Bullfighting Festival","citations":[{"content":"{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110315072816/http://www.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_1_1_1.jsp?cid=700911 |date=2011-03-15 }}","char_index":30,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20110315072816/http://www.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_1_1_1.jsp?cid=700911","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.220642-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]}]} +{"title":"Jeongeup","wikicode":"[[Berkas:Jeongeup seen from Seonghwangsan - 2009-02-04.JPG|jmpl|ka|Kota Jeongeup]]\n'''Jeongeup''' (정읍시) adalah sebuah kota yang terletak di provinsi [[Jeolla Utara]], [[Korea Selatan]].{{en}} {{cite journal\n | author = Kang Woon-gu\n | year = 1999\n | month = Summer\n | title = '''Roaming Around Ch'ongup'''\n | journal = Koreana\n | volume = \n | issue = \n | pages = 56-61\n | doi = \n | id = \n | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf\n | format = \n | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010\n }}{{Pranala mati|date=Maret 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} Kota Jeongeup lebih dikenal akan pemandangan [[musim gugur]] dari [[Gunung Naejang]] yang terletak dekat kota ini.{{en}}[http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_6.jsp?cid=817924 Autumn Getaways - Recommended Travel Highlights For The Autumn Season]{{Pranala mati|date=Maret 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ''visitkorea''. Diakses pada 14 Juli 2010. Selain itu, Jeongeup merupakan tempat awal mula [[Revolusi Donghak]] yang terjadi pada tahun 1894. Revolusi Donghak adalah pemberontakan kaum [[petani]] yang terjadi di akhir masa [[Dinasti Joseon]] untuk melawan pejabat dan birokrat [[pemerintahan]]. Sebagian besar daerah yang mengelilingi Jeongeup adalah [[dataran rendah]] yang terdiri dari daerah-daerah [[pertanian]].\n\n== Peninggalan sejarah ==\n[[Berkas:Jeongeup Chungryeolsa - 2009-02-04.JPG|150px|jmpl|ka|Chungnyeol-sa]]\nWilayah Jeongeup pada masa [[Tiga Kerajaan Korea]] adalah daerah kekuasaan [[Baekje]] (18 SM - 660 M). Namun begitu, hanya sedikit peninggalan sejarah dari Baekje yang tersisa. Sebagian besar situs bersejarah di Jeongeup yang masih tersisa berasal dari masa [[Dinasti Goryeo]] (918-1392) dan [[Dinasti Joseon]] (1392-1910). Peninggalan sejarah tersebut sebagian besar adalah [[pagoda]]-pagoda dan kuil-[[kuil Buddha]]. Antara lain:\n* ''Cheon-gok-sa'', adalah situs kuil Buddha yang terletak di ''Kecamatan Deokcheon'' yang berasal dari zaman [[Dinasti Goryeo]]. Di situs ini terdapat pagoda batu bertingkat tujuh. Pagoda ini merupakan [[Harta Nasional Korea Selatan]] Nomor 309. Corak pagoda ini diukir dengan pola bunga teratai.\n* ''Pagoda di Desa Unseon'', ''Kecamatan Yeongwon'', juga merupakan [[Harta Nasional Korea Selatan]]. Pagoda ini diperkirakan didirikan pada masa Goryeo, tetapi arsitekturnya dipengaruhi seni Baekje.\n* ''Patung Buddha di Desa Bohwa'', merupakan harta nasional. Patung ini diukir dari masa Baekje.\n* ''Chungnyeolsa'' atau ''Kuil Chungnyeol'' adalah sebuah kuil yang didirikan di puncak ''Gunung Gumi'' sebagai kuil memorial pahlawan Korea, [[Yi Sun-shin]].{{en}}[http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_6.jsp?cid=817924 Chungnyeolsa Shrine]{{Pranala mati|date=Maret 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ''visitkorea''. Diakses pada 14 Juli 2010.\n\n== Pranala luar ==\n* {{en}}[http://www.jeongeup.go.kr/02en/ Situs Resmi Kota Jeongeup] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120925003537/http://www.jeongeup.go.kr/02en/ |date=2012-09-25 }}\n\n== Referensi ==\n{{commonscat|Jeongeup, Jeollabuk-do}}\n{{reflist}}\n{{Jeolla Utara}}\n{{negara-geo-stub|Korea Selatan}}\n\n[[Kategori:Jeolla Utara]]\n[[Kategori:Kota di Korea Selatan]]\n[[Kategori:Tempat wisata di Korea Selatan]]","hash":"e99ca0948ee9c6122110d8f35925517de53a9a2e2639adc8339c1546f68190a9","last_revision":"2022-03-09T16:18:47Z","first_revision":"2010-07-14T07:24:08Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:04.352261","cross_lingual_links":{"ar":"جيونغيوب","ca":"Jeongeup","ceb":"Seiu","cs":"Čongup","de":"Jeongeup","en":"Jeongeup","eo":"Ĉongup","es":"Jeongeup","fa":"جونگئوپ","fr":"Jeongeup","it":"Jeongeup","ja":"井邑市","ko":"정읍시","lmo":"Jeongeup","mn":"Чон-Өп","nl":"Jeongeup","nb":"Jeongeup","pl":"Jeongeup","ro":"Jeongeup","ru":"Чонып","sco":"Jeongeup","sv":"Jeongeup","tl":"Jeongeup","tr":"Jeongeup","tt":"Чоңып","ur":"جیونگیوپ","vi":"Jeongeup","war":"Jeongeup","zh":"井邑市","zh-min-nan":"Jeongeup Chhī","zh-yue":"井邑"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:49.646268","text":"Jeongeup (정읍시) adalah sebuah kota yang terletak di provinsi Jeolla Utara, Korea Selatan. Kota Jeongeup lebih dikenal akan pemandangan musim gugur dari Gunung Naejang yang terletak dekat kota ini. Selain itu, Jeongeup merupakan tempat awal mula Revolusi Donghak yang terjadi pada tahun 1894. Revolusi Donghak adalah pemberontakan kaum petani yang terjadi di akhir masa Dinasti Joseon untuk melawan pejabat dan birokrat pemerintahan. Sebagian besar daerah yang mengelilingi Jeongeup adalah dataran rendah yang terdiri dari daerah-daerah pertanian.\n\nWilayah Jeongeup pada masa Tiga Kerajaan Korea adalah daerah kekuasaan Baekje (18 SM - 660 M). Namun begitu, hanya sedikit peninggalan sejarah dari Baekje yang tersisa. Sebagian besar situs bersejarah di Jeongeup yang masih tersisa berasal dari masa Dinasti Goryeo (918-1392) dan Dinasti Joseon (1392-1910). Peninggalan sejarah tersebut sebagian besar adalah pagoda-pagoda dan kuil-kuil Buddha. Antara lain: Cheon-gok-sa, adalah situs kuil Buddha yang terletak di Kecamatan Deokcheon yang berasal dari zaman Dinasti Goryeo. Di situs ini terdapat pagoda batu bertingkat tujuh. Pagoda ini merupakan Harta Nasional Korea Selatan Nomor 309. Corak pagoda ini diukir dengan pola bunga teratai. Pagoda di Desa Unseon, Kecamatan Yeongwon, juga merupakan Harta Nasional Korea Selatan. Pagoda ini diperkirakan didirikan pada masa Goryeo, tetapi arsitekturnya dipengaruhi seni Baekje. Patung Buddha di Desa Bohwa, merupakan harta nasional. Patung ini diukir dari masa Baekje. Chungnyeolsa atau Kuil Chungnyeol adalah sebuah kuil yang didirikan di puncak Gunung Gumi sebagai kuil memorial pahlawan Korea, Yi Sun-shin.\n\nSitus Resmi Kota Jeongeup\n\nKategori:Jeolla Utara Kategori:Kota di Korea Selatan Kategori:Tempat wisata di Korea Selatan\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Jeongeup (정읍시) adalah sebuah kota yang terletak di provinsi Jeolla Utara, Korea Selatan.","translated_text":"Jeongeup (정읍시) is a city located in North Jeolla province, South Korea.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Kang Woon-gu | year = 1999 | month = Summer | title = '''Roaming Around Ch'ongup''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 56-61 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=Maret 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":88,"name":"jeongeup","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Kota Jeongeup lebih dikenal akan pemandangan musim gugur dari Gunung Naejang yang terletak dekat kota ini.","translated_text":"The city of Jeongeup is best known for its autumn views of Mount Naejang located near the city.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{en}}[http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_6.jsp?cid=817924 Autumn Getaways - Recommended Travel Highlights For The Autumn Season]{{Pranala mati|date=Maret 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ''visitkorea''. Diakses pada 14 Juli 2010.","char_index":106,"name":null,"url":"http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_6.jsp?cid=817924","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html;charset=utf-8","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":1830,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.295003-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":"Text is too short (21 words)","source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Selain itu, Jeongeup merupakan tempat awal mula Revolusi Donghak yang terjadi pada tahun 1894.","translated_text":"In addition, Jeongeup was the starting point of the Donghak Revolution that took place in 1894.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Kang Woon-gu | year = 1999 | month = Summer | title = '''Roaming Around Ch'ongup''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 56-61 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=Maret 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":94,"name":"jeongeup","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Revolusi Donghak adalah pemberontakan kaum petani yang terjadi di akhir masa Dinasti Joseon untuk melawan pejabat dan birokrat pemerintahan.","translated_text":"The Donghak Revolution was a peasant uprising that took place at the end of the Joseon Dynasty against government officials and bureaucrats.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Kang Woon-gu | year = 1999 | month = Summer | title = '''Roaming Around Ch'ongup''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 56-61 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=Maret 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":140,"name":"jeongeup","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Sebagian besar daerah yang mengelilingi Jeongeup adalah dataran rendah yang terdiri dari daerah-daerah pertanian.","translated_text":"Most of the areas surrounding Jeongeup are lowlands composed of agricultural areas.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Kang Woon-gu | year = 1999 | month = Summer | title = '''Roaming Around Ch'ongup''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 56-61 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=Maret 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":113,"name":"jeongeup","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Peninggalan sejarah","translated_text":"The historical countdown","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Wilayah Jeongeup pada masa Tiga Kerajaan Korea adalah daerah kekuasaan Baekje (18 SM - 660 M).","translated_text":"The region of Jeongeup during the Three Kingdoms of Korea was the area of Baekje's rule (18 BC - 660 AD).","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Kang Woon-gu | year = 1999 | month = Summer | title = '''Roaming Around Ch'ongup''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 56-61 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=Maret 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":94,"name":"jeongeup","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Namun begitu, hanya sedikit peninggalan sejarah dari Baekje yang tersisa.","translated_text":"Nevertheless, only a few relics of Baekje's history remain.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Kang Woon-gu | year = 1999 | month = Summer | title = '''Roaming Around Ch'ongup''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 56-61 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=Maret 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":73,"name":"jeongeup","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Sebagian besar situs bersejarah di Jeongeup yang masih tersisa berasal dari masa Dinasti Goryeo (918-1392) dan Dinasti Joseon (1392-1910).","translated_text":"Most of the surviving historic sites in Jeongeup date from the Goryeo Dynasty (918-1392) and Joseon Dynasty (1392-1910).","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Kang Woon-gu | year = 1999 | month = Summer | title = '''Roaming Around Ch'ongup''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 56-61 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=Maret 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":138,"name":"jeongeup","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Peninggalan sejarah tersebut sebagian besar adalah pagoda-pagoda dan kuil-kuil Buddha.","translated_text":"Most of these historical sites are pagodas and Buddhist temples.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Kang Woon-gu | year = 1999 | month = Summer | title = '''Roaming Around Ch'ongup''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 56-61 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=Maret 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":86,"name":"jeongeup","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Antara lain: Cheon-gok-sa, adalah situs kuil Buddha yang terletak di Kecamatan Deokcheon yang berasal dari zaman Dinasti Goryeo.","translated_text":"Among others: Cheon-gok-sa, is a Buddhist temple site located in Deokcheon District dating back to the Goryeo Dynasty.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Kang Woon-gu | year = 1999 | month = Summer | title = '''Roaming Around Ch'ongup''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 56-61 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=Maret 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":128,"name":"jeongeup","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Di situs ini terdapat pagoda batu bertingkat tujuh.","translated_text":"On this site there is a seven-story stone pagoda.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Kang Woon-gu | year = 1999 | month = Summer | title = '''Roaming Around Ch'ongup''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 56-61 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=Maret 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":51,"name":"jeongeup","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pagoda ini merupakan Harta Nasional Korea Selatan Nomor 309.","translated_text":"This pagoda is a National Treasure of South Korea No. 309.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Kang Woon-gu | year = 1999 | month = Summer | title = '''Roaming Around Ch'ongup''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 56-61 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=Maret 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":60,"name":"jeongeup","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Corak pagoda ini diukir dengan pola bunga teratai.","translated_text":"The pattern of this pagoda is carved with patterns of cedar flowers.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Kang Woon-gu | year = 1999 | month = Summer | title = '''Roaming Around Ch'ongup''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 56-61 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=Maret 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":50,"name":"jeongeup","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pagoda di Desa Unseon, Kecamatan Yeongwon, juga merupakan Harta Nasional Korea Selatan.","translated_text":"The pagoda in Unseon Village, Yeongwon District, is also a National Treasure of South Korea.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Kang Woon-gu | year = 1999 | month = Summer | title = '''Roaming Around Ch'ongup''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 56-61 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=Maret 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":87,"name":"jeongeup","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pagoda ini diperkirakan didirikan pada masa Goryeo, tetapi arsitekturnya dipengaruhi seni Baekje.","translated_text":"The pagoda is thought to have been built in the time of Goryeo, but its architecture was influenced by Baekje art.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Kang Woon-gu | year = 1999 | month = Summer | title = '''Roaming Around Ch'ongup''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 56-61 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=Maret 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":97,"name":"jeongeup","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Patung Buddha di Desa Bohwa, merupakan harta nasional.","translated_text":"The Buddha statue in Bohwa village, is a national treasure.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Patung ini diukir dari masa Baekje.","translated_text":"This statue is carved from Baekje's time.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Kang Woon-gu | year = 1999 | month = Summer | title = '''Roaming Around Ch'ongup''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 56-61 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=Maret 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":35,"name":"jeongeup","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Chungnyeolsa atau Kuil Chungnyeol adalah sebuah kuil yang didirikan di puncak Gunung Gumi sebagai kuil memorial pahlawan Korea, Yi Sun-shin.","translated_text":"Chungnyeolsa or Chungnyeol Temple is a temple built on the summit of Mount Earth as a memorial temple to the Korean hero, Yi Sun-shin.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[{"content":"{{en}}[http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_6.jsp?cid=817924 Chungnyeolsa Shrine]{{Pranala mati|date=Maret 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ''visitkorea''. Diakses pada 14 Juli 2010.","char_index":140,"name":null,"url":"http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_6.jsp?cid=817924","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html;charset=utf-8","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":1830,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.295003-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":"Text is too short (21 words)","source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Pranala luar","translated_text":"External connections","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Situs Resmi Kota Jeongeup","translated_text":"Official site of the city of Jeongeup","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120925003537/http://www.jeongeup.go.kr/02en/ |date=2012-09-25 }}","char_index":25,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20120925003537/http://www.jeongeup.go.kr/02en/","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:27.343090-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Referensi","translated_text":"References","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kategori","translated_text":"Categories","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":":Jeolla Utara Kategori:Kota di Korea Selatan Kategori:Tempat wisata di Korea Selatan","translated_text":": North Jeolla Category:Cities in South Korea Category:Tourist places in South Korea","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[{"text":"Jeongeup (정읍시) adalah sebuah kota yang terletak di provinsi Jeolla Utara, Korea Selatan.","translated_text":"Jeongeup (정읍시) is a city located in North Jeolla province, South Korea.","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Kang Woon-gu | year = 1999 | month = Summer | title = '''Roaming Around Ch'ongup''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 56-61 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=Maret 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":88,"name":"jeongeup","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Jeongeup (정읍시) adalah sebuah kota yang terletak di provinsi Jeolla Utara, Korea Selatan. Kota Jeongeup lebih dikenal akan pemandangan musim gugur dari Gunung Naejang yang terletak dekat kota ini.","translated_text":"Jeongeup (정읍시) is a city located in North Jeolla province, South Korea. The city of Jeongeup is best known for its autumn views of Mount Naejang located near the city.","citations":[{"content":"{{en}}[http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_6.jsp?cid=817924 Autumn Getaways - Recommended Travel Highlights For The Autumn Season]{{Pranala mati|date=Maret 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ''visitkorea''. Diakses pada 14 Juli 2010.","char_index":195,"name":null,"url":"http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_6.jsp?cid=817924","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html;charset=utf-8","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":1830,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.295003-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":"Text is too short (21 words)","source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Jeongeup (정읍시) adalah sebuah kota yang terletak di provinsi Jeolla Utara, Korea Selatan. Kota Jeongeup lebih dikenal akan pemandangan musim gugur dari Gunung Naejang yang terletak dekat kota ini. Selain itu, Jeongeup merupakan tempat awal mula Revolusi Donghak yang terjadi pada tahun 1894.","translated_text":"Jeongeup (정읍시) is a city located in North Jeolla province, South Korea. The city of Jeongeup is best known for its autumn views of Mount Naejang located near the city. In addition, Jeongeup was the starting point of the Donghak Revolution that took place in 1894.","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Kang Woon-gu | year = 1999 | month = Summer | title = '''Roaming Around Ch'ongup''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 56-61 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=Maret 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":290,"name":"jeongeup","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Kota Jeongeup lebih dikenal akan pemandangan musim gugur dari Gunung Naejang yang terletak dekat kota ini. Selain itu, Jeongeup merupakan tempat awal mula Revolusi Donghak yang terjadi pada tahun 1894. Revolusi Donghak adalah pemberontakan kaum petani yang terjadi di akhir masa Dinasti Joseon untuk melawan pejabat dan birokrat pemerintahan.","translated_text":"The city of Jeongeup is best known for its autumn views of Mount Naejang located near the city. In addition, Jeongeup was the starting point of the Donghak Revolution that took place in 1894. The Donghak Revolution was a peasant uprising that took place at the end of the Joseon Dynasty against government officials and bureaucrats.","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Kang Woon-gu | year = 1999 | month = Summer | title = '''Roaming Around Ch'ongup''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 56-61 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=Maret 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":342,"name":"jeongeup","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Selain itu, Jeongeup merupakan tempat awal mula Revolusi Donghak yang terjadi pada tahun 1894. Revolusi Donghak adalah pemberontakan kaum petani yang terjadi di akhir masa Dinasti Joseon untuk melawan pejabat dan birokrat pemerintahan. Sebagian besar daerah yang mengelilingi Jeongeup adalah dataran rendah yang terdiri dari daerah-daerah pertanian.","translated_text":"In addition, Jeongeup was the starting point of the Donghak Revolution that took place in 1894. The Donghak Revolution was a peasant uprising that took place at the end of the Joseon Dynasty against government officials and bureaucrats. Most of the areas surrounding Jeongeup are lowlands composed of agricultural areas.","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Kang Woon-gu | year = 1999 | month = Summer | title = '''Roaming Around Ch'ongup''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 56-61 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=Maret 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":349,"name":"jeongeup","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Wilayah Jeongeup pada masa Tiga Kerajaan Korea adalah daerah kekuasaan Baekje (18 SM - 660 M).","translated_text":"The region of Jeongeup during the Three Kingdoms of Korea was the area of Baekje's rule (18 BC - 660 AD).","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Kang Woon-gu | year = 1999 | month = Summer | title = '''Roaming Around Ch'ongup''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 56-61 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=Maret 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":94,"name":"jeongeup","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Wilayah Jeongeup pada masa Tiga Kerajaan Korea adalah daerah kekuasaan Baekje (18 SM - 660 M). Namun begitu, hanya sedikit peninggalan sejarah dari Baekje yang tersisa.","translated_text":"The region of Jeongeup during the Three Kingdoms of Korea was the area of Baekje's rule (18 BC - 660 AD). Nevertheless, only a few relics of Baekje's history remain.","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Kang Woon-gu | year = 1999 | month = Summer | title = '''Roaming Around Ch'ongup''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 56-61 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=Maret 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":168,"name":"jeongeup","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Wilayah Jeongeup pada masa Tiga Kerajaan Korea adalah daerah kekuasaan Baekje (18 SM - 660 M). Namun begitu, hanya sedikit peninggalan sejarah dari Baekje yang tersisa. Sebagian besar situs bersejarah di Jeongeup yang masih tersisa berasal dari masa Dinasti Goryeo (918-1392) dan Dinasti Joseon (1392-1910).","translated_text":"The region of Jeongeup during the Three Kingdoms of Korea was the area of Baekje's rule (18 BC - 660 AD). Nevertheless, only a few relics of Baekje's history remain. Most of the surviving historic sites in Jeongeup date from the Goryeo Dynasty (918-1392) and Joseon Dynasty (1392-1910).","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Kang Woon-gu | year = 1999 | month = Summer | title = '''Roaming Around Ch'ongup''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 56-61 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=Maret 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":307,"name":"jeongeup","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Namun begitu, hanya sedikit peninggalan sejarah dari Baekje yang tersisa. Sebagian besar situs bersejarah di Jeongeup yang masih tersisa berasal dari masa Dinasti Goryeo (918-1392) dan Dinasti Joseon (1392-1910). Peninggalan sejarah tersebut sebagian besar adalah pagoda-pagoda dan kuil-kuil Buddha.","translated_text":"Nevertheless, only a few relics of Baekje's history remain. Most of the surviving historic sites in Jeongeup date from the Goryeo Dynasty (918-1392) and Joseon Dynasty (1392-1910). Most of these historical sites are pagodas and Buddhist temples.","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Kang Woon-gu | year = 1999 | month = Summer | title = '''Roaming Around Ch'ongup''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 56-61 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=Maret 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":299,"name":"jeongeup","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Sebagian besar situs bersejarah di Jeongeup yang masih tersisa berasal dari masa Dinasti Goryeo (918-1392) dan Dinasti Joseon (1392-1910). Peninggalan sejarah tersebut sebagian besar adalah pagoda-pagoda dan kuil-kuil Buddha. Antara lain: Cheon-gok-sa, adalah situs kuil Buddha yang terletak di Kecamatan Deokcheon yang berasal dari zaman Dinasti Goryeo.","translated_text":"Most of the surviving historic sites in Jeongeup date from the Goryeo Dynasty (918-1392) and Joseon Dynasty (1392-1910). Most of these historical sites are pagodas and Buddhist temples. Among others: Cheon-gok-sa, is a Buddhist temple site located in Deokcheon District dating back to the Goryeo Dynasty.","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Kang Woon-gu | year = 1999 | month = Summer | title = '''Roaming Around Ch'ongup''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 56-61 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=Maret 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":354,"name":"jeongeup","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Peninggalan sejarah tersebut sebagian besar adalah pagoda-pagoda dan kuil-kuil Buddha. Antara lain: Cheon-gok-sa, adalah situs kuil Buddha yang terletak di Kecamatan Deokcheon yang berasal dari zaman Dinasti Goryeo. Di situs ini terdapat pagoda batu bertingkat tujuh.","translated_text":"Most of these historical sites are pagodas and Buddhist temples. Among others: Cheon-gok-sa, is a Buddhist temple site located in Deokcheon District dating back to the Goryeo Dynasty. On this site there is a seven-story stone pagoda.","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Kang Woon-gu | year = 1999 | month = Summer | title = '''Roaming Around Ch'ongup''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 56-61 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=Maret 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":267,"name":"jeongeup","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Antara lain: Cheon-gok-sa, adalah situs kuil Buddha yang terletak di Kecamatan Deokcheon yang berasal dari zaman Dinasti Goryeo. Di situs ini terdapat pagoda batu bertingkat tujuh. Pagoda ini merupakan Harta Nasional Korea Selatan Nomor 309.","translated_text":"Among others: Cheon-gok-sa, is a Buddhist temple site located in Deokcheon District dating back to the Goryeo Dynasty. On this site there is a seven-story stone pagoda. This pagoda is a National Treasure of South Korea No. 309.","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Kang Woon-gu | year = 1999 | month = Summer | title = '''Roaming Around Ch'ongup''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 56-61 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=Maret 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":241,"name":"jeongeup","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Di situs ini terdapat pagoda batu bertingkat tujuh. Pagoda ini merupakan Harta Nasional Korea Selatan Nomor 309. Corak pagoda ini diukir dengan pola bunga teratai.","translated_text":"On this site there is a seven-story stone pagoda. This pagoda is a National Treasure of South Korea No. 309. The pattern of this pagoda is carved with patterns of cedar flowers.","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Kang Woon-gu | year = 1999 | month = Summer | title = '''Roaming Around Ch'ongup''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 56-61 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=Maret 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":163,"name":"jeongeup","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Pagoda ini merupakan Harta Nasional Korea Selatan Nomor 309. Corak pagoda ini diukir dengan pola bunga teratai. Pagoda di Desa Unseon, Kecamatan Yeongwon, juga merupakan Harta Nasional Korea Selatan.","translated_text":"This pagoda is a National Treasure of South Korea No. 309. The pattern of this pagoda is carved with patterns of cedar flowers. The pagoda in Unseon Village, Yeongwon District, is also a National Treasure of South Korea.","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Kang Woon-gu | year = 1999 | month = Summer | title = '''Roaming Around Ch'ongup''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 56-61 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=Maret 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":199,"name":"jeongeup","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Corak pagoda ini diukir dengan pola bunga teratai. Pagoda di Desa Unseon, Kecamatan Yeongwon, juga merupakan Harta Nasional Korea Selatan. Pagoda ini diperkirakan didirikan pada masa Goryeo, tetapi arsitekturnya dipengaruhi seni Baekje.","translated_text":"The pattern of this pagoda is carved with patterns of cedar flowers. The pagoda in Unseon Village, Yeongwon District, is also a National Treasure of South Korea. The pagoda is thought to have been built in the time of Goryeo, but its architecture was influenced by Baekje art.","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Kang Woon-gu | year = 1999 | month = Summer | title = '''Roaming Around Ch'ongup''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 56-61 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=Maret 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":236,"name":"jeongeup","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Pagoda ini diperkirakan didirikan pada masa Goryeo, tetapi arsitekturnya dipengaruhi seni Baekje. Patung Buddha di Desa Bohwa, merupakan harta nasional. Patung ini diukir dari masa Baekje.","translated_text":"The pagoda is thought to have been built in the time of Goryeo, but its architecture was influenced by Baekje art. The Buddha statue in Bohwa village, is a national treasure. This statue is carved from Baekje's time.","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Kang Woon-gu | year = 1999 | month = Summer | title = '''Roaming Around Ch'ongup''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 56-61 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=Maret 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":188,"name":"jeongeup","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Patung Buddha di Desa Bohwa, merupakan harta nasional. Patung ini diukir dari masa Baekje. Chungnyeolsa atau Kuil Chungnyeol adalah sebuah kuil yang didirikan di puncak Gunung Gumi sebagai kuil memorial pahlawan Korea, Yi Sun-shin.","translated_text":"The Buddha statue in Bohwa village, is a national treasure. This statue is carved from Baekje's time. Chungnyeolsa or Chungnyeol Temple is a temple built on the summit of Mount Earth as a memorial temple to the Korean hero, Yi Sun-shin.","citations":[{"content":"{{en}}[http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_6.jsp?cid=817924 Chungnyeolsa Shrine]{{Pranala mati|date=Maret 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ''visitkorea''. Diakses pada 14 Juli 2010.","char_index":231,"name":null,"url":"http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_6.jsp?cid=817924","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html;charset=utf-8","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":1830,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.295003-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":"Text is too short (21 words)","source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Situs Resmi Kota Jeongeup","translated_text":"Official site of the city of Jeongeup","citations":[{"content":"{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120925003537/http://www.jeongeup.go.kr/02en/ |date=2012-09-25 }}","char_index":25,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20120925003537/http://www.jeongeup.go.kr/02en/","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:27.343090-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]}]} +{"title":"Suncheon","wikicode":"[[Berkas:Downtown Suncheon-si.jpg|jmpl|ka|Kota Suncheon]]\n'''Suncheon''' (순천시) adalah sebuah [[kota]] yang terletak di provinsi [[Jeolla Selatan]], [[Korea Selatan]].{{en}} {{cite journal\n | author = Yi Gyeom\n | year = 2006\n | month = Spring\n | title = '''Suncheon ― Wandering about Korea’s History and Nature'''\n | journal = Koreana\n | volume = \n | issue = \n | pages = 68-75\n | doi = \n | id = \n | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf\n | format = \n | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010\n }}{{Pranala mati|date=April 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} Kota Suncheon membentang di kaki rangkaian pegunungan Sobaeksanmaek.\n\n== Teluk Suncheon ==\n{{Main|Teluk Suncheon}}\n''Teluk Suncheon'' atau ''Suncheon-man'' adalah wilayah dataran pasang surut di bagian selatan kota Suncheon.{{en}}[http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_6.jsp?cid=762729 Wonders of nature: Incredible Biodiversity at Suncheonman Bay!] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090804031025/http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_6.jsp?cid=762729 |date=2009-08-04 }}, ''visitkorea'' Diakses pada 14 Juli 2010. Suncheon-man yang memiliki luas 35 km² adalah dataran [[rawa]] Korea yang pertama kali didaftarkan ke dalam daerah perlindungan oleh ''organsisasi dataran rawa internasional'' [[RAMSAR]] sebagai Dataran Rawa No. 1594 pada 20 Januari 2006. Perlindungan ini didaftarkan bersama dataran pasang surut Boseong dan Beolgyo.\n\n== Seonamsa ==\n''Seonamsa'' atau ''Kuil Seonam'' (harfiah:\"kuil batu surga\") adalah sebuah [[kuil Buddha]] yang terletak di kaki gunung Jogye.{{en}}[http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_6.jsp?cid=257575 Seonamsa Temple] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140514035620/http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_6.jsp?cid=257575 |date=2014-05-14 }}, ''visitkorea'' Diakses pada 14 Juli 2010. Waktu pendirian Kuil Seonam tidak diketahui, tetapi beberapa sumber menyebutkan kuil ini didirikan pada tahun 528 M ([[Baekje]]) atau pada masa [[Silla Bersatu]] (676-935). Kuil ini berdekatan dengan ''Kuil Songgwang'' ([[Songgwangsa]]).\n\n== Kampung Rakyat Naganeupseong ==\n[[Berkas:Suncheon-Naganepseong-02.jpg|jmpl|ka|Kampung Rakyat Naganeupseong]]\n''[[Naganeupseong]]'' adalah sebuah [[kampung]] yang dikelilingi oleh [[benteng]] yang terdiri dari batu sepanjang 1384 meter yang membentuk jalan setapak.{{en}}[http://discoveringkorea.com/2010/02/03/nagan-fortress-folk-village/#more-2502 Nagan Fortress Folk Village], ''discoveringkorea'' Diakses pada 14 Juli 2010. Dari menara benteng, keseluruhan Kampung Naganeupseong dapat terlihat. Rumah-rumah di Naganeupseong masih mempertahankan [[arsitektur]] [[atap]] rumah yang terbuat dari [[jerami]]. Warga Naganeupseong hidup dengan bertani dan membuat kerajinan tangan dari jerami.\n\n== Referensi ==\n{{reflist}}\n{{Commons|Category:Suncheon, Jeollanam-do}}\n{{Jeolla Selatan}}\n\n[[Kategori:Jeolla Selatan]]\n[[Kategori:Kota di Korea Selatan]]\n[[Kategori:Tempat wisata di Korea Selatan]]","hash":"1c8fb2e52c2910000e947c341d8dbf144864d2de7834431470ac53928eb3f14f","last_revision":"2023-01-26T08:16:18Z","first_revision":"2010-07-14T07:32:53Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:04.413631","cross_lingual_links":{"ar":"سون تشون","ceb":"Suncheon (lungsod sa Habagatang Koreya)","cs":"Sunčchon (Jižní Korea)","de":"Suncheon","en":"Suncheon","eo":"Sunĉon","es":"Suncheon","fa":"سانچئونگ، جئولانام-دو","fr":"Suncheon (Corée du Sud)","it":"Suncheon","ja":"順天市","ka":"სუნჩონი","ko":"순천시 (전라남도)","lmo":"Suncheon, Jeollanam-do","mn":"Сүньчонь","nl":"Suncheon","nb":"Suncheon","pl":"Suncheon (Korea Południowa)","pt":"Suncheon (Coreia do Sul)","ro":"Suncheon","ru":"Сунчхон","simple":"Suncheon","sv":"Suncheon","tl":"Suncheon","tr":"Suncheon","uk":"Сунчхон","ur":"سنچیون، جیولانام-دو","vi":"Suncheon","war":"Suncheon","zh":"順天市","zh-min-nan":"Suncheon Chhī","zh-yue":"順天市"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:49.646268","text":"Suncheon (순천시) adalah sebuah kota yang terletak di provinsi Jeolla Selatan, Korea Selatan. Kota Suncheon membentang di kaki rangkaian pegunungan Sobaeksanmaek.\n\nTeluk Suncheon atau Suncheon-man adalah wilayah dataran pasang surut di bagian selatan kota Suncheon. Suncheon-man yang memiliki luas 35 km² adalah dataran rawa Korea yang pertama kali didaftarkan ke dalam daerah perlindungan oleh organsisasi dataran rawa internasional RAMSAR sebagai Dataran Rawa No. 1594 pada 20 Januari 2006. Perlindungan ini didaftarkan bersama dataran pasang surut Boseong dan Beolgyo.\n\nSeonamsa atau Kuil Seonam (harfiah:\"kuil batu surga\") adalah sebuah kuil Buddha yang terletak di kaki gunung Jogye. Waktu pendirian Kuil Seonam tidak diketahui, tetapi beberapa sumber menyebutkan kuil ini didirikan pada tahun 528 M (Baekje) atau pada masa Silla Bersatu (676-935). Kuil ini berdekatan dengan Kuil Songgwang (Songgwangsa).\n\nNaganeupseong adalah sebuah kampung yang dikelilingi oleh benteng yang terdiri dari batu sepanjang 1384 meter yang membentuk jalan setapak. Dari menara benteng, keseluruhan Kampung Naganeupseong dapat terlihat. Rumah-rumah di Naganeupseong masih mempertahankan arsitektur atap rumah yang terbuat dari jerami. Warga Naganeupseong hidup dengan bertani dan membuat kerajinan tangan dari jerami.\n\nKategori:Jeolla Selatan Kategori:Kota di Korea Selatan Kategori:Tempat wisata di Korea Selatan\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Suncheon (순천시) adalah sebuah kota yang terletak di provinsi Jeolla Selatan, Korea Selatan.","translated_text":"Suncheon (순천��) is a city located in South Jeolla province, South Korea.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Yi Gyeom | year = 2006 | month = Spring | title = '''Suncheon ― Wandering about Korea’s History and Nature''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 68-75 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=April 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":90,"name":"suncheon","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Kota Suncheon membentang di kaki rangkaian pegunungan Sobaeksanmaek.","translated_text":"The city of Suncheon extends at the foot of the Sobaeksanmaek mountain range.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Yi Gyeom | year = 2006 | month = Spring | title = '''Suncheon ― Wandering about Korea’s History and Nature''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 68-75 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=April 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":68,"name":"suncheon","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Teluk Suncheon","translated_text":"Suncheon Bay","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Teluk Suncheon atau Suncheon-man adalah wilayah dataran pasang surut di bagian selatan kota Suncheon.","translated_text":"Suncheon Bay or Suncheon-man is a tidal plain region in the southern part of Suncheon city.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{en}}[http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_6.jsp?cid=762729 Wonders of nature: Incredible Biodiversity at Suncheonman Bay!] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090804031025/http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_6.jsp?cid=762729 |date=2009-08-04 }}, ''visitkorea'' Diakses pada 14 Juli 2010.","char_index":101,"name":null,"url":"http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_6.jsp?cid=762729","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html;charset=utf-8","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":1830,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:27.413382-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":"Text is too short (21 words)","source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{en}}[http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_6.jsp?cid=762729 Wonders of nature: Incredible Biodiversity at Suncheonman Bay!] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090804031025/http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_6.jsp?cid=762729 |date=2009-08-04 }}, ''visitkorea'' Diakses pada 14 Juli 2010.","char_index":101,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20090804031025/http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_6.jsp?cid=762729","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:28.610479-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Suncheon","translated_text":"Suncheon","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"-man yang memiliki luas 35 km² adalah dataran rawa Korea yang pertama kali didaftarkan ke dalam daerah perlindungan oleh organsisasi dataran rawa internasional RAMSAR sebagai Dataran Rawa No. 1594 pada 20 Januari 2006.","translated_text":"-man which has an area of 35 km2 is a Korean marshland which was first registered into a protected area by the international marshland organisation RAMSAR as Marshland No. 1594 on 20 January 2006.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Yi Gyeom | year = 2006 | month = Spring | title = '''Suncheon ― Wandering about Korea’s History and Nature''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 68-75 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=April 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":218,"name":"suncheon","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Perlindungan ini didaftarkan bersama dataran pasang surut Boseong dan Beolgyo.","translated_text":"This protection is listed alongside the Boseong and Beolgyo tidal plains.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Yi Gyeom | year = 2006 | month = Spring | title = '''Suncheon ― Wandering about Korea’s History and Nature''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 68-75 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=April 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":78,"name":"suncheon","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Seonamsa","translated_text":"Seonamsa","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Seonamsa atau Kuil Seonam (harfiah:\"kuil batu surga\") adalah sebuah kuil Buddha yang terletak di kaki gunung Jogye.","translated_text":"Seonamsa or Seonam Temple (literally: \"heaven stone temple\") is a Buddhist temple located at the foot of Jogye mountain.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{en}}[http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_6.jsp?cid=257575 Seonamsa Temple] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140514035620/http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_6.jsp?cid=257575 |date=2014-05-14 }}, ''visitkorea'' Diakses pada 14 Juli 2010.","char_index":115,"name":"kuil sonam","url":"http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_6.jsp?cid=257575","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html;charset=utf-8","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":1830,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:28.679193-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":"Text is too short (21 words)","source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{en}}[http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_6.jsp?cid=257575 Seonamsa Temple] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140514035620/http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_6.jsp?cid=257575 |date=2014-05-14 }}, ''visitkorea'' Diakses pada 14 Juli 2010.","char_index":115,"name":"kuil sonam","url":"http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_6.jsp?cid=257575","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html;charset=utf-8","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":1830,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:28.679193-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":"Text is too short (21 words)","source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Waktu pendirian Kuil Seonam tidak diketahui, tetapi beberapa sumber menyebutkan kuil ini didirikan pada tahun 528 M (Baekje) atau pada masa Silla Bersatu (676-935).","translated_text":"The date of the establishment of the Seonam Temple is unknown, but some sources mention that the temple was founded in 528 AD (Baekje) or in the time of the United Silla (676-935).","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Yi Gyeom | year = 2006 | month = Spring | title = '''Suncheon ― Wandering about Korea’s History and Nature''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 68-75 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=April 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":164,"name":"suncheon","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{en}}[http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_6.jsp?cid=257575 Seonamsa Temple] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140514035620/http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_6.jsp?cid=257575 |date=2014-05-14 }}, ''visitkorea'' Diakses pada 14 Juli 2010.","char_index":164,"name":"kuil sonam","url":"http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_6.jsp?cid=257575","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html;charset=utf-8","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":1830,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:28.679193-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":"Text is too short (21 words)","source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Kuil ini berdekatan dengan Kuil Songgwang (Songgwangsa).","translated_text":"The temple is adjacent to Songgwang Temple.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Yi Gyeom | year = 2006 | month = Spring | title = '''Suncheon ― Wandering about Korea’s History and Nature''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 68-75 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 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pathway.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{en}}[http://discoveringkorea.com/2010/02/03/nagan-fortress-folk-village/#more-2502 Nagan Fortress Folk Village], ''discoveringkorea'' Diakses pada 14 Juli 2010.","char_index":139,"name":"kampung nagan","url":"http://discoveringkorea.com/2010/02/03/nagan-fortress-folk-village/","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html; charset=UTF-8","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":68273,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:29.670084-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":4,"source_quality_raw_score":0.82373046875}],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Dari menara benteng, keseluruhan Kampung Naganeupseong dapat terlihat.","translated_text":"From the fortress tower, the entire village of Naganeupseong can be seen.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Yi Gyeom | year = 2006 | month = Spring | title = '''Suncheon ― Wandering about Korea’s History and Nature''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 68-75 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=April 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":70,"name":"suncheon","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Rumah-rumah di Naganeupseong masih mempertahankan arsitektur atap rumah yang terbuat dari jerami.","translated_text":"Houses in Naganeupseong still retain the architecture of roofs made of straw.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Yi Gyeom | year = 2006 | month = Spring | title = '''Suncheon ― Wandering about Korea’s History and Nature''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 68-75 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=April 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":97,"name":"suncheon","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Warga Naganeupseong hidup dengan bertani dan membuat kerajinan tangan dari jerami.","translated_text":"The people of Naganeupseong live by farming and making handicrafts out of straw.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Yi Gyeom | year = 2006 | month = Spring | title = '''Suncheon ― Wandering about Korea’s History and Nature''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 68-75 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=April 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":82,"name":"suncheon","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is 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= '''Suncheon ― Wandering about Korea’s History and Nature''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 68-75 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=April 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":90,"name":"suncheon","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Suncheon (순천시) adalah sebuah kota yang terletak di provinsi Jeolla Selatan, Korea Selatan. Kota Suncheon membentang di kaki rangkaian pegunungan Sobaeksanmaek.","translated_text":"Suncheon (순천시) is a city located in South Jeolla province, South Korea. The city of Suncheon extends at the foot of the Sobaeksanmaek mountain range.","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Yi Gyeom | year = 2006 | month = Spring | title = '''Suncheon ― Wandering about Korea’s History and Nature''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 68-75 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=April 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":159,"name":"suncheon","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Teluk Suncheon atau Suncheon-man adalah wilayah dataran pasang surut di bagian selatan kota Suncheon.","translated_text":"Suncheon Bay or Suncheon-man is a tidal plain region in the southern part of Suncheon city.","citations":[{"content":"{{en}}[http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_6.jsp?cid=762729 Wonders of nature: Incredible Biodiversity at Suncheonman Bay!] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090804031025/http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_6.jsp?cid=762729 |date=2009-08-04 }}, ''visitkorea'' Diakses pada 14 Juli 2010.","char_index":101,"name":null,"url":"http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_6.jsp?cid=762729","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html;charset=utf-8","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":1830,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:27.413382-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":"Text is too short (21 words)","source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{en}}[http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_6.jsp?cid=762729 Wonders of nature: Incredible Biodiversity at Suncheonman Bay!] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090804031025/http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_6.jsp?cid=762729 |date=2009-08-04 }}, ''visitkorea'' Diakses pada 14 Juli 2010.","char_index":101,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20090804031025/http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_6.jsp?cid=762729","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:28.610479-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Teluk Suncheon atau Suncheon-man adalah wilayah dataran pasang surut di bagian selatan kota Suncheon. Suncheon -man yang memiliki luas 35 km² adalah dataran rawa Korea yang pertama kali didaftarkan ke dalam daerah perlindungan oleh organsisasi dataran rawa internasional RAMSAR sebagai Dataran Rawa No. 1594 pada 20 Januari 2006.","translated_text":"Suncheon Bay or Suncheon-man is a tidal plain region in the southern part of Suncheon city. Suncheon -man which has an area of 35 km2 is a Korean marshland which was first registered into a protected area by the international marshland organisation RAMSAR as Marshland No. 1594 on 20 January 2006.","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Yi Gyeom | year = 2006 | month = Spring | title = '''Suncheon ― Wandering about Korea’s History and Nature''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 68-75 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=April 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":329,"name":"suncheon","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Suncheon -man yang memiliki luas 35 km² adalah dataran rawa Korea yang pertama kali didaftarkan ke dalam daerah perlindungan oleh organsisasi dataran rawa internasional RAMSAR sebagai Dataran Rawa No. 1594 pada 20 Januari 2006. Perlindungan ini didaftarkan bersama dataran pasang surut Boseong dan Beolgyo.","translated_text":"Suncheon -man which has an area of 35 km2 is a Korean marshland which was first registered into a protected area by the international marshland organisation RAMSAR as Marshland No. 1594 on 20 January 2006. This protection is listed alongside the Boseong and Beolgyo tidal plains.","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Yi Gyeom | year = 2006 | month = Spring | title = '''Suncheon ― Wandering about Korea’s History and Nature''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 68-75 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=April 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":306,"name":"suncheon","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Seonamsa atau Kuil Seonam (harfiah:\"kuil batu surga\") adalah sebuah kuil Buddha yang terletak di kaki gunung Jogye.","translated_text":"Seonamsa or Seonam Temple (literally: \"heaven stone temple\") is a Buddhist temple located at the foot of Jogye mountain.","citations":[{"content":"{{en}}[http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_6.jsp?cid=257575 Seonamsa Temple] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140514035620/http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_6.jsp?cid=257575 |date=2014-05-14 }}, ''visitkorea'' Diakses pada 14 Juli 2010.","char_index":115,"name":"kuil sonam","url":"http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_6.jsp?cid=257575","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html;charset=utf-8","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":1830,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:28.679193-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":"Text is too short (21 words)","source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{en}}[http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_6.jsp?cid=257575 Seonamsa Temple] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140514035620/http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_6.jsp?cid=257575 |date=2014-05-14 }}, ''visitkorea'' Diakses pada 14 Juli 2010.","char_index":115,"name":"kuil sonam","url":"http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_6.jsp?cid=257575","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html;charset=utf-8","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":1830,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:28.679193-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":"Text is too short (21 words)","source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Seonamsa atau Kuil Seonam (harfiah:\"kuil batu surga\") adalah sebuah kuil Buddha yang terletak di kaki gunung Jogye. Waktu pendirian Kuil Seonam tidak diketahui, tetapi beberapa sumber menyebutkan kuil ini didirikan pada tahun 528 M (Baekje) atau pada masa Silla Bersatu (676-935).","translated_text":"Seonamsa or Seonam Temple (literally: \"heaven stone temple\") is a Buddhist temple located at the foot of Jogye mountain. The date of the establishment of the Seonam Temple is unknown, but some sources mention that the temple was founded in 528 AD (Baekje) or in the time of the United Silla (676-935).","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Yi Gyeom | year = 2006 | month = Spring | title = '''Suncheon ― Wandering about Korea’s History and Nature''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 68-75 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=April 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":280,"name":"suncheon","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{en}}[http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_6.jsp?cid=257575 Seonamsa Temple] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140514035620/http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_6.jsp?cid=257575 |date=2014-05-14 }}, ''visitkorea'' Diakses pada 14 Juli 2010.","char_index":280,"name":"kuil sonam","url":"http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_6.jsp?cid=257575","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html;charset=utf-8","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":1830,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:28.679193-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":"Text is too short (21 words)","source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Seonamsa atau Kuil Seonam (harfiah:\"kuil batu surga\") adalah sebuah kuil Buddha yang terletak di kaki gunung Jogye. Waktu pendirian Kuil Seonam tidak diketahui, tetapi beberapa sumber menyebutkan kuil ini didirikan pada tahun 528 M (Baekje) atau pada masa Silla Bersatu (676-935). Kuil ini berdekatan dengan Kuil Songgwang (Songgwangsa).","translated_text":"Seonamsa or Seonam Temple (literally: \"heaven stone temple\") is a Buddhist temple located at the foot of Jogye mountain. The date of the establishment of the Seonam Temple is unknown, but some sources mention that the temple was founded in 528 AD (Baekje) or in the time of the United Silla (676-935). The temple is adjacent to Songgwang Temple.","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Yi Gyeom | year = 2006 | month = Spring | title = '''Suncheon ― Wandering about Korea’s History and Nature''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 68-75 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=April 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":337,"name":"suncheon","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Naganeupseong adalah sebuah kampung yang dikelilingi oleh benteng yang terdiri dari batu sepanjang 1384 meter yang membentuk jalan setapak.","translated_text":"Naganeupseong is a village surrounded by a 1384-meter-long stone fortress that forms a pathway.","citations":[{"content":"{{en}}[http://discoveringkorea.com/2010/02/03/nagan-fortress-folk-village/#more-2502 Nagan Fortress Folk Village], ''discoveringkorea'' Diakses pada 14 Juli 2010.","char_index":139,"name":"kampung nagan","url":"http://discoveringkorea.com/2010/02/03/nagan-fortress-folk-village/","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html; charset=UTF-8","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":68273,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:29.670084-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":4,"source_quality_raw_score":0.82373046875}]},{"text":"Naganeupseong adalah sebuah kampung yang dikelilingi oleh benteng yang terdiri dari batu sepanjang 1384 meter yang membentuk jalan setapak. Dari menara benteng, keseluruhan Kampung Naganeupseong dapat terlihat.","translated_text":"Naganeupseong is a village surrounded by a 1384-meter-long stone fortress that forms a pathway. From the fortress tower, the entire village of Naganeupseong can be seen.","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Yi Gyeom | year = 2006 | month = Spring | title = '''Suncheon ― Wandering about Korea’s History and Nature''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 68-75 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=April 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":210,"name":"suncheon","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Naganeupseong adalah sebuah kampung yang dikelilingi oleh benteng yang terdiri dari batu sepanjang 1384 meter yang membentuk jalan setapak. Dari menara benteng, keseluruhan Kampung Naganeupseong dapat terlihat. Rumah-rumah di Naganeupseong masih mempertahankan arsitektur atap rumah yang terbuat dari jerami.","translated_text":"Naganeupseong is a village surrounded by a 1384-meter-long stone fortress that forms a pathway. From the fortress tower, the entire village of Naganeupseong can be seen. Houses in Naganeupseong still retain the architecture of roofs made of straw.","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Yi Gyeom | year = 2006 | month = Spring | title = '''Suncheon ― Wandering about Korea’s History and Nature''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 68-75 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=April 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":308,"name":"suncheon","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Dari menara benteng, keseluruhan Kampung Naganeupseong dapat terlihat. Rumah-rumah di Naganeupseong masih mempertahankan arsitektur atap rumah yang terbuat dari jerami. Warga Naganeupseong hidup dengan bertani dan membuat kerajinan tangan dari jerami.","translated_text":"From the fortress tower, the entire village of Naganeupseong can be seen. Houses in Naganeupseong still retain the architecture of roofs made of straw. The people of Naganeupseong live by farming and making handicrafts out of straw.","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Yi Gyeom | year = 2006 | month = Spring | title = '''Suncheon ― Wandering about Korea’s History and Nature''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 68-75 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=April 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":251,"name":"suncheon","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]}]} +{"title":"Teluk Suncheon","wikicode":"[[Berkas:Suncheon3.jpg|jmpl|ka|Teluk Suncheon]]\n'''Teluk Suncheon''' atau '''Suncheonman''' (순천만) adalah wilayah dataran [[rawa]] pasang surut di bagian selatan kota [[Suncheon]], [[Jeolla Selatan]], [[Korea Selatan]].{{en}} {{cite journal\n | author = Yi Gyeom\n | year = 2006\n | month = Spring\n | title = '''Suncheon ― Wandering about Korea’s History and Nature'''\n | journal = Koreana\n | volume = \n | issue = \n | pages = 68-75\n | doi = \n | id = \n | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf\n | format = \n | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010\n }}{{Pranala mati|date=April 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{en}}[http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_6.jsp?cid=762729 Wonders of nature: Incredible Biodiversity at Suncheonman Bay!] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090804031025/http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_6.jsp?cid=762729 |date=2009-08-04 }}, ''visitkorea'' Diakses pada 14 Juli 2010. Suncheonman yang memiliki luas 35 km² adalah dataran [[rawa]] Korea yang pertama kali didaftarkan ke dalam daerah perlindungan oleh organsisasi dataran rawa internasional [[RAMSAR]] sebagai Dataran Rawa No. 1594 pada 20 Januari 2006. Perlindungan ini didaftarkan bersama dataran pasang surut [[Boseong]] dan ''Beolgyo''.\n\nTeluk Suncheon adalah salah satu tempat perlindungan [[ekologi]] dan [[satwa]] terpenting di Korea. Teluk ini dikelilingi oleh [[semenanjung]] [[Goheung]] di sebelah barat dan semenanjung [[Yeosu]] di sebelah timur, sehingga tampak seperti [[danau]] besar. Suncheonman memiliki pemandangan indah, dengan dataran pasang surut yang membentang sepanjang pesisir yang dikelilingi pulau-[[pulau]] kecil, [[gunung]], dan lahan [[rawa]].\n\nDataran rerumputan di Suncheon merupakan yang terluas di Korea. Pada bulan [[Oktober]], pasang air [[laut]] yang membanjiri akan membuat lahan ini menjadi warna [[merah]]. Berbagai spesies burung yang berhabitat di Teluk Suncheon adalah burung migran seperti [[kuntul]], ''[[camar]] saunders'', ''[[bangau]] berjambul'', dan ''[[stork]] putih''.\n\n== Lihat pula ==\n* [[Rawa Upo]]\n\n== Referensi ==\n{{reflist}}\n{{Jeolla Selatan}}\n{{geografi-stub}}\n\n[[Kategori:Geografi Korea Selatan]]\n[[Kategori:Jeolla Selatan]]\n[[Kategori:Rawa]]","hash":"3a0147c5491bfdfb30eda5dfcd27386bdea7292189b21b2aa8c623da8e8a9a30","last_revision":"2023-01-03T15:03:37Z","first_revision":"2010-07-14T07:37:07Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:04.478127","cross_lingual_links":{"de":"Bucht von Suncheon","en":"Suncheon Bay","fr":"Baie de Suncheon","ko":"순천만","zh":"顺天湾"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:49.646268","text":"Teluk Suncheon atau Suncheonman (순천만) adalah wilayah dataran rawa pasang surut di bagian selatan kota Suncheon, Jeolla Selatan, Korea Selatan. Suncheonman yang memiliki luas 35 km² adalah dataran rawa Korea yang pertama kali didaftarkan ke dalam daerah perlindungan oleh organsisasi dataran rawa internasional RAMSAR sebagai Dataran Rawa No. 1594 pada 20 Januari 2006. Perlindungan ini didaftarkan bersama dataran pasang surut Boseong dan Beolgyo.\n\nTeluk Suncheon adalah salah satu tempat perlindungan ekologi dan satwa terpenting di Korea. Teluk ini dikelilingi oleh semenanjung Goheung di sebelah barat dan semenanjung Yeosu di sebelah timur, sehingga tampak seperti danau besar. Suncheonman memiliki pemandangan indah, dengan dataran pasang surut yang membentang sepanjang pesisir yang dikelilingi pulau-pulau kecil, gunung, dan lahan rawa.\n\nDataran rerumputan di Suncheon merupakan yang terluas di Korea. Pada bulan Oktober, pasang air laut yang membanjiri akan membuat lahan ini menjadi warna merah. Berbagai spesies burung yang berhabitat di Teluk Suncheon adalah burung migran seperti kuntul, camar saunders, bangau berjambul, dan stork putih.\n\nRawa Upo\n\nKategori:Geografi Korea Selatan Kategori:Jeolla Selatan Kategori:Rawa\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Teluk Suncheon atau Suncheonman (순천만) adalah wilayah dataran rawa pasang surut di bagian selatan kota Suncheon, Jeolla Selatan, Korea Selatan.","translated_text":"Suncheon Bay or Suncheonman (순천만) is a tidal marshland region in the southern part of Suncheon city, South Jeolla, South Korea.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Yi Gyeom | year = 2006 | month = Spring | title = '''Suncheon ― Wandering about Korea’s History and Nature''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 68-75 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=April 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":142,"name":"suncheonman","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{en}}[http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_6.jsp?cid=762729 Wonders of nature: Incredible Biodiversity at Suncheonman Bay!] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090804031025/http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_6.jsp?cid=762729 |date=2009-08-04 }}, ''visitkorea'' Diakses pada 14 Juli 2010.","char_index":142,"name":null,"url":"http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_6.jsp?cid=762729","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html;charset=utf-8","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":1830,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:27.413382-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":"Text is too short (21 words)","source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{en}}[http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_6.jsp?cid=762729 Wonders of nature: Incredible Biodiversity at Suncheonman Bay!] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090804031025/http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_6.jsp?cid=762729 |date=2009-08-04 }}, ''visitkorea'' Diakses pada 14 Juli 2010.","char_index":142,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20090804031025/http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_6.jsp?cid=762729","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:28.610479-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Suncheonman yang memiliki luas 35 km² adalah dataran rawa Korea yang pertama kali didaftarkan ke dalam daerah perlindungan oleh organsisasi dataran rawa internasional RAMSAR sebagai Dataran Rawa No. 1594 pada 20 Januari 2006.","translated_text":"Suncheonman with an area of 35 km2 is a Korean marshland that was first registered into a protected area by the RAMSAR international marshland organization as Marshland No. 1594 on 20 January 2006.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Yi Gyeom | year = 2006 | month = Spring | title = '''Suncheon ― Wandering about Korea’s History and Nature''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 68-75 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=April 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":225,"name":"suncheonman","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Perlindungan ini didaftarkan bersama dataran pasang surut Boseong dan Beolgyo.","translated_text":"This protection is listed alongside the Boseong and Beolgyo tidal plains.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Yi Gyeom | year = 2006 | month = Spring | title = '''Suncheon ― Wandering about Korea’s History and Nature''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 68-75 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=April 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":78,"name":"suncheonman","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Teluk Suncheon adalah salah satu tempat perlindungan ekologi dan satwa terpenting di Korea.","translated_text":"Suncheon Bay is one of the most important ecological and wildlife sanctuaries in Korea.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Yi Gyeom | year = 2006 | month = Spring | title = '''Suncheon ― Wandering about Korea’s History and Nature''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 68-75 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=April 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":91,"name":"suncheonman","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Teluk ini dikelilingi oleh semenanjung Goheung di sebelah barat dan semenanjung Yeosu di sebelah timur, sehingga tampak seperti danau besar.","translated_text":"The bay is surrounded by the Goheung Peninsula to the west and the Yeosu Peninsula to the east, making it look like a large lake.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Yi Gyeom | year = 2006 | month = Spring | title = '''Suncheon ― Wandering about Korea’s History and Nature''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 68-75 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=April 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":140,"name":"suncheonman","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Suncheonman memiliki pemandangan indah, dengan dataran pasang surut yang membentang sepanjang pesisir yang dikelilingi pulau-pulau kecil, gunung, dan lahan rawa.","translated_text":"Suncheonman has beautiful scenery, with a tidal plain stretching along the coast surrounded by small islands, mountains, and swamps.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Yi Gyeom | year = 2006 | month = Spring | title = '''Suncheon ― Wandering about Korea’s History and Nature''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 68-75 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=April 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":161,"name":"suncheonman","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Dataran rerumputan di Suncheon merupakan yang terluas di Korea.","translated_text":"The grassland in Suncheon is the largest in Korea.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Yi Gyeom | year = 2006 | month = Spring | title = '''Suncheon ― Wandering about Korea’s History and Nature''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 68-75 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=April 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":63,"name":"suncheonman","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is 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}}","char_index":95,"name":"suncheonman","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Berbagai spesies burung yang berhabitat di Teluk Suncheon adalah burung migran seperti kuntul, camar saunders, bangau berjambul, dan stork putih.","translated_text":"Various species of birds that inhabit Suncheon Bay are migratory birds such as seagulls, saunders, jumping swans, and white stork.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Yi Gyeom | year = 2006 | month = Spring | title = '''Suncheon ― Wandering about Korea’s History and Nature''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 68-75 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=April 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":145,"name":"suncheonman","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Lihat pula","translated_text":"Look at that.","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Rawa Upo","translated_text":"The Ufo Marshes","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Referensi","translated_text":"References","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kategori","translated_text":"Categories","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":":Geografi Korea Selatan Kategori:Jeolla Selatan Kategori:Rawa","translated_text":":Geography of South Korea Category:Jeolla of the South Category:Rawa","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[{"text":"Teluk Suncheon atau Suncheonman (순천만) adalah wilayah dataran rawa pasang surut di bagian selatan kota Suncheon, Jeolla Selatan, Korea Selatan.","translated_text":"Suncheon Bay or Suncheonman (순천만) is a tidal marshland region in the southern part of Suncheon city, South Jeolla, South Korea.","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Yi Gyeom | year = 2006 | month = Spring | title = '''Suncheon ― Wandering about Korea’s History and Nature''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 68-75 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=April 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":142,"name":"suncheonman","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{en}}[http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_6.jsp?cid=762729 Wonders of nature: Incredible Biodiversity at Suncheonman Bay!] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090804031025/http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_6.jsp?cid=762729 |date=2009-08-04 }}, ''visitkorea'' Diakses pada 14 Juli 2010.","char_index":142,"name":null,"url":"http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_6.jsp?cid=762729","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html;charset=utf-8","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":1830,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:27.413382-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":"Text is too short (21 words)","source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{en}}[http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_6.jsp?cid=762729 Wonders of nature: Incredible Biodiversity at Suncheonman Bay!] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090804031025/http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_6.jsp?cid=762729 |date=2009-08-04 }}, ''visitkorea'' Diakses pada 14 Juli 2010.","char_index":142,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20090804031025/http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_6.jsp?cid=762729","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:28.610479-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Teluk Suncheon atau Suncheonman (순천만) adalah wilayah dataran rawa pasang surut di bagian selatan kota Suncheon, Jeolla Selatan, Korea Selatan. Suncheonman yang memiliki luas 35 km² adalah dataran rawa Korea yang pertama kali didaftarkan ke dalam daerah perlindungan oleh organsisasi dataran rawa internasional RAMSAR sebagai Dataran Rawa No. 1594 pada 20 Januari 2006.","translated_text":"Suncheon Bay or Suncheonman (순천만) is a tidal marshland region in the southern part of Suncheon city, South Jeolla, South Korea. Suncheonman with an area of 35 km2 is a Korean marshland that was first registered into a protected area by the RAMSAR international marshland organization as Marshland No. 1594 on 20 January 2006.","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Yi Gyeom | year = 2006 | month = Spring | title = '''Suncheon ― Wandering about Korea’s History and Nature''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 68-75 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=April 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":368,"name":"suncheonman","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Teluk Suncheon atau Suncheonman (순천만) adalah wilayah dataran rawa pasang surut di bagian selatan kota Suncheon, Jeolla Selatan, Korea Selatan. Suncheonman yang memiliki luas 35 km² adalah dataran rawa Korea yang pertama kali didaftarkan ke dalam daerah perlindungan oleh organsisasi dataran rawa internasional RAMSAR sebagai Dataran Rawa No. 1594 pada 20 Januari 2006. Perlindungan ini didaftarkan bersama dataran pasang surut Boseong dan Beolgyo.","translated_text":"Suncheon Bay or Suncheonman (순천만) is a tidal marshland region in the southern part of Suncheon city, South Jeolla, South Korea. Suncheonman with an area of 35 km2 is a Korean marshland that was first registered into a protected area by the RAMSAR international marshland organization as Marshland No. 1594 on 20 January 2006. This protection is listed alongside the Boseong and Beolgyo tidal plains.","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Yi Gyeom | year = 2006 | month = Spring | title = '''Suncheon ― Wandering about Korea’s History and Nature''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 68-75 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=April 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":447,"name":"suncheonman","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Teluk Suncheon adalah salah satu tempat perlindungan ekologi dan satwa terpenting di Korea.","translated_text":"Suncheon Bay is one of the most important ecological and wildlife sanctuaries in Korea.","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Yi Gyeom | year = 2006 | month = Spring | title = '''Suncheon ― Wandering about Korea’s History and Nature''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 68-75 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=April 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":91,"name":"suncheonman","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Teluk Suncheon adalah salah satu tempat perlindungan ekologi dan satwa terpenting di Korea. Teluk ini dikelilingi oleh semenanjung Goheung di sebelah barat dan semenanjung Yeosu di sebelah timur, sehingga tampak seperti danau besar.","translated_text":"Suncheon Bay is one of the most important ecological and wildlife sanctuaries in Korea. The bay is surrounded by the Goheung Peninsula to the west and the Yeosu Peninsula to the east, making it look like a large lake.","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Yi Gyeom | year = 2006 | month = Spring | title = '''Suncheon ― Wandering about Korea’s History and Nature''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 68-75 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=April 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":232,"name":"suncheonman","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Teluk Suncheon adalah salah satu tempat perlindungan ekologi dan satwa terpenting di Korea. Teluk ini dikelilingi oleh semenanjung Goheung di sebelah barat dan semenanjung Yeosu di sebelah timur, sehingga tampak seperti danau besar. Suncheonman memiliki pemandangan indah, dengan dataran pasang surut yang membentang sepanjang pesisir yang dikelilingi pulau-pulau kecil, gunung, dan lahan rawa.","translated_text":"Suncheon Bay is one of the most important ecological and wildlife sanctuaries in Korea. The bay is surrounded by the Goheung Peninsula to the west and the Yeosu Peninsula to the east, making it look like a large lake. Suncheonman has beautiful scenery, with a tidal plain stretching along the coast surrounded by small islands, mountains, and swamps.","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Yi Gyeom | year = 2006 | month = Spring | title = '''Suncheon ― Wandering about Korea’s History and Nature''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 68-75 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=April 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":394,"name":"suncheonman","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Dataran rerumputan di Suncheon merupakan yang terluas di Korea.","translated_text":"The grassland in Suncheon is the largest in Korea.","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Yi Gyeom | year = 2006 | month = Spring | title = '''Suncheon ― Wandering about Korea’s History and Nature''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 68-75 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=April 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":63,"name":"suncheonman","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Dataran rerumputan di Suncheon merupakan yang terluas di Korea. Pada bulan Oktober, pasang air laut yang membanjiri akan membuat lahan ini menjadi warna merah.","translated_text":"The grassland in Suncheon is the largest in Korea. In October, floodwaters will turn the land red.","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Yi Gyeom | year = 2006 | month = Spring | title = '''Suncheon ― Wandering about Korea’s History and Nature''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 68-75 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=April 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":159,"name":"suncheonman","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Dataran rerumputan di Suncheon merupakan yang terluas di Korea. Pada bulan Oktober, pasang air laut yang membanjiri akan membuat lahan ini menjadi warna merah. Berbagai spesies burung yang berhabitat di Teluk Suncheon adalah burung migran seperti kuntul, camar saunders, bangau berjambul, dan stork putih.","translated_text":"The grassland in Suncheon is the largest in Korea. In October, floodwaters will turn the land red. Various species of birds that inhabit Suncheon Bay are migratory birds such as seagulls, saunders, jumping swans, and white stork.","citations":[{"content":"{{en}} {{cite journal | author = Yi Gyeom | year = 2006 | month = Spring | title = '''Suncheon ― Wandering about Korea’s History and Nature''' | journal = Koreana | volume = | issue = | pages = 68-75 | doi = | id = | url = http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf | format = | accessdate = 14 Juli 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=April 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":305,"name":"suncheonman","url":"http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/1999/1999_SUMMER_E056.pdf","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:26.290388-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]}]} +{"title":"Perang Aceh (1876-1877)","wikicode":"'''Perang Aceh''' ([[1876]]-[[1877]]) adalah masa setelah meninggalnya [[Jenderal|Jend.]] [[Johannes Ludovicius Jakobus Hubertus Pel]] pada tahun [[1876]], ketika [[Belanda]] menerapkan strategi bertahan dan menunggu.\n\n== Latar belakang ==\n[[Berkas:Gezicht op Pantei Perak.jpg||jmpl|ka|250px|Pantai Perak.]]\nSetelah tewasnya Pel dalam [[Perang Aceh (1874-1876)|ekspedisi sebelumnya]], [[Overste]] Engel diangkat sebagai komandan tertinggi dan maju dalam pertempuran di IX Mukim. Pada hari setelah kedatangannya, mereka maju ke Silang, tempat seluruh angkatan berkumpul dan segera maju ke Kuala Gigieng. Pada tanggal [[20 Maret]], kubu dipersiapkan di sana dan dipersenjatai dengan 2 [[meriam]] dan 2 [[mortir]] berukuran 12 [[sentimeter|cm]]. Mereka tetap di sana dan di Kuta Pohama yang telah diduduki untuk menjaga komunikasi sepanjang garis pantai dan memastikan pasukan telah mengendalikan seluruh laguna tersebut, dan masyarakat setempat menyerahkan diri pada Belanda. Rencana operasi Jend. Pel sekarang dilaksanakan sepenuhnya. Pada tanggal [[10 Maret]], [[Mayor Jenderal|MayJend.]] GBT. Wiggers van Kerchem, pengganti Jend. Pel, menjadi komandan militer dan sipil. Ketika pemerintahan ditegakkan, ia mengetahui bahwa beberapa bagian [[Kabupaten Aceh Besar|Aceh Besar]] sudah ditaklukkan dan diduduki. Namun, sebagian besar pos lainnya harus melindungi daerah yang ditaklukkannya dan komunikasi antarpos tersebut diharapkan tetap terjalin, juga keamanan di wilayah-wilayah yang telah ditaklukkan. Hanya di daerah sekitaran Kutaraja (kini [[Kota Banda Aceh|Banda Aceh]]) jalanan yang dapat dipergunakan dibangun. Namun lainnya harus dibatasi hingga pembersihan penting dan memungkinkan perataan tanah. Operasi tidak dilakukan untuk sementara waktu dan harus berkutat pada perbaikan tempat kedudukan terkini. Batas antara XXV Mukim dan XXII Mukim diputuskan melalui surat berantai, dan penduduk dilarang membawa senjata.{{butuh rujukan}}\n\n== Aceh di bawah Jenderal Wiggers van Kerchem ==\nDengan naiknya Jend. Wiggers van Kerchem, keadaan cukup tenang, tetapi keamanan tidak benar-benar terwujud. Di saat yang sama, pejuang Aceh mengadakan [[perang]] [[gerilya]] dan di Aceh Besar belum mengalami atau sedang memikirkan untuk merapat ke musuh.{{butuh rujukan}}\n[[Berkas:Habib Abdoe 'r Rachman.jpg||jmpl|ka|200px|[[Habib Abdurrahman azh-Zhahir]]]]\nKonvoi dan patroli terus-menerus terkena serangan tak terduga, orang-orang yang berani berada di luar gerbang akan menghadapi bahaya perampokan atau pembunuhan. Jenazah orang-orang yang demikian itu akan dipertontonkan dengan disabet-sabet [[kelewang]] atau dimutilasi secara mengerikan. Prajurit yang tertangkap musuh banyak yang disiksa habis-habisan sehingga mereka banyak yang memilih [[bunuh diri]] daripada tertangkap musuh. Sejumlah dinas diluncurkan dan banyak yang terserang penyakit serius, biasanya [[kolera]], dan korban banyak berjatuhan. Pada tanggal [[21 Maret]], angkutan barang di bawah pimpinan [[Letnan Satu|LetTu.]] W. van Heeckeren van Molecaten diserang dekat Atu; perwira tersebut terluka dan 5 orang lainnya terbunuh; karena pejuang Aceh sudah merangsek ke tepi tenggara dari garis memanjang, Wiggers van Kerchem mengetahui apa yang diperlukan, bahwa di sana seorang perwira medan harus ditempatkan dan harus bisa memimpin serangan ke kubu tersebut; [[Kolonel|Kol.]] [[Karel van der Heijden]] (sejak tanggal [[1 April]] menjadi komandan di Garis Tenggara) dibebani tugas itu. Pada malam [[2 Mei]], Lampagar jatuh; di sisi utara, musuh merangsek ke pos yang belum diperlengkapi dengan baik serta menyerang orang-orang di sana. [[Kapiten]] J.W.C.C. Hoynck van Papendrecht, [[Letnan|Let.]] N. van de Roemer dan 5 prajurit pribumi terbunuh; 16 pria dan 5 wanita terluka parah. Apakah para tetua dan penduduk IV Mukim dan VI Mukim tidak percaya sekarang, keadaan di IX Mukim juga masih berbahaya dan diambil keputusan atas daerah ini dengan barisan berkekuatan memadai untuk ikut campur dan membasmi musuh. Oleh karena itu, 3 barisan disiapkan, di bawah pimpinan [[Mayor|May.]] Diepenheim, Overste Engel dan Kol. Van der Heijden. Operasi harus dipimpin oleh Jend. Wiggers van Kerchem sendiri, yang ikut dalam barisan pertama. Aksi tersebut mengharuskan dibangunnya kubu baru di Bilul Selatan, yang pernah diserang pejuang Aceh.{{butuh rujukan}}\n\n== Operasi militer selanjutnya ==\nSekitar waktu itu, [[Habib Abdurrahman azh-Zhahir]], yang bantuan pertamanya telah dimanfaatkan oleh pemerintah Belanda, menjadi pimpinan perlawanan di Aceh Besar. Pedir tetap dianggap sebagai negeri yang paling terkemuka dan berpengaruh di Aceh dan Taklukannya; kemudian pemerintah Hindia Belanda memutuskan untuk menempatkan [[asisten residen]] L. de Scheemaker di sana dan untuk melindungi dibangunlah kubu, di mana sebuah titik dekat pantai yang berdekatan dengan [[Krueng Pidie]] dipilih. Sikap penduduk Pedir amat bermusuhan sehingga May. [[H.K.F. van Teijn]] dikirim ke Pedir bersama dengan 1 [[kompi]] dari Batalyon VIII. Pada bulan [[Juli]] 1876, gagasan gerakan militer itu terlaksana dengan serbuan terhadap pejuang musuh di IV Mukim dan VI Mukim dan untuk melindungi tujuan tersebut, sebuah pos di [[Krueng Raba]] didirikan. 2 barisan beranggotakan 300 serdadu di bawah pimpinan May. Diepenheim dan Lubeck dikerahkan untuk tujuan ini; perintah tersebut dilaksanakan dan bangunan pos tidak dirusak. Namun, di bulan itu juga, sejumlah patroli diserang pada tanggal [[14 Juli|14]] dan [[28 Juli]].{{butuh rujukan}}\n[[Berkas:Brug over de Atjeh-rivier.jpg||jmpl|ka|250px|[[Jembatan]] di [[Krueng Aceh]], Kutaraja (kini [[Kota Banda Aceh|Banda Aceh]]).]]\n[[Berkas:COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Ruïnes van een overdekte put in een fort nabij Lam Njong Atjeh TMnr 10005275.jpg|jmpl|300px|Reruntuhan benteng dekat Lamnyong pada masa [[Hindia Belanda]]]]\nPada tanggal [[1 September]], 3 barisan di bawah May. Ruempol, Burgers dan Jeltes bertolak dari Kutaraja menuju [[Ulee Kareung, Indrapuri, Aceh Besar|Ulee Kareung]]; Overste Van Bennekom menjadi pimpinan umum, sementara Jend. Wiggers van Kerchem akan memimpin operasi selanjutnya bersama kepala staf. Meskipun terjadi perlawanan sengit dari musuh, tetap pasukan mencapai Tonga dan Lamnyong. Pada hari itu, 7 orang dan 3 perwira tewas sementara 42 orang lainnya terluka. Pada tanggal [[26 September]], musuh dikalahkan di mana-mana, 22 pucuk senjata dirampas dan sebuah pos dibangun di [[Kajhu, Baitussalam, Aceh Besar|Kajhu]], di mana Overste Ruempol dengan anak buahnya dapat kembali ke Kutaraja. Karena pandangan politiknya atas pemerintah Hindia Belanda yang tak terpecah, Wiggers van Kerchem dibebastugaskan dari kedudukannya secara terhormat, digantikan oleh May. AJE. Diemont dan Diemont mengemban tugas menaklukkan [[Tanjung Seumantoh, Karang Baru, Aceh Tamiang|Tanjung Seumantoh]] (pasukan yang dipimpin [[Hendrik Eduard Schoggers]] menunggu di sini) dan [[Simpang Ulim, Aceh Timur|Simpang Ulim]] di pantai timur Sumatera, yang masih menunjukkan sikap permusuhan. Di akhir tahun 1876, kedudukan Belanda di [[Aceh]] lebih aman.{{butuh rujukan}}\n\n== Operasi militer di bawah pimpinan MayJend. Diemont ==\nPada tanggal [[25 Januari]] 1877, pasukan kembali dikerahkan ke daerah pantai Kuala Gigieng hingga Kuala Lue untuk merebutnya kembali (bagian terakhir rencana Jend. Pel yang belum terlaksana); [[Lamnga, Mesjid Raya, Aceh Besar|Lamnga]] diduduki tanpa perlawanan dan kini musuh mencegat sepanjang pantai dari Pedir ke Kuala Lue dan berjalan lebih lanjut ke XXII Mukim; kini rencana itu dilaksanakan sepenuhnya untuk mempertimbangkan tindakan selanjutnya. Untuk itu, [[Daftar Penguasa Hindia Belanda|GubJend.]] [[Johan Wilhelm van Lansberge]] mengadakan kunjungan ke Aceh; sejumlah penguasa dan tetua tiba di Kutaraja untuk memberikan penghormatan pada gubernur dan dalam pidatonya mereka mendorong kerja sama untuk menciptakan keamanan dalam pemerintahan Belanda dan menjanjikan renovasi Masjid Raya. Akta pengakuan diberikan terhadap pimpinan di negeri-negeri pesisir yang belum ditaklukkan, yakni Simpang Ulim dan Kluang; Rigaih, [[Teunom, Aceh Jaya|Teunom]], Teluk Kruet dan Sabee. Setelah itu, didirikanlah pemerintahan pribumi di XXV Mukim. Di awal tahun 1877, kekuatan pasukan penakluk berjumlah 351 perwira dan 9235 lainnya dan kekuatan perang tersebut tidak dapat berkurang karena negeri pesisir, seperti [[Samalanga, Bireuen|Samalanga]], kekuatan persenjataan Belanda tersebut masih dirasakan. Walaupun demikian, diputuskan pula pembangunan rumah sakit militer yang besar di Pante Perak, tempat 2.000 [[pasien]] dirawat. Di samping itu, pada bulan [[April]], Analabu diduduki dan tindakan militer diarahkan ke [[Lhoong, Aceh Besar|Lhoong]], Baba Awe dan No di pantai selatan, yang akhirnya bisa ditaklukkan. Karena MayJend. Diemont sakit, kepemimpinan harus dialihkan kepada Kol. Van der Heijden pada tanggal [[30 Juni]], yang untuk mempersiapkan peraturan yang lebih rinci, diangkat sebagai gubernur sipil dan militer sementara di Aceh.{{butuh rujukan}}\n\n== Rujukan ==\n* Terwogt WA. [[1900]]. ''Het land van Jan Pieterszoon Coen: Geschiedenis van de Nederlanders in oost-Indië''. [[Hoorn]]: P. Geerts.\n* Kepper G. 1900. ''Wapenfeiten van het Nederlands Indische Leger: 1816-1900''. [[Den Haag]]: M.M. Cuvee.\n* [[Egbert Broer Kielstra|Kielstra EB]]. [[1883]]. ''Beschrijving der Atjeh-oorlog: Met gebruikmaking van de officiële bronnen, door het departement van Koloniën daartoe afgestaan'' (3 bagian). Den Haag: Gebroeders van Cleef.\n* [[George Frederik Willem Borel|Borel GFW]]. [[1878]]. ''Onze vestiging in Atjeh: Critisch beschreven''. Den Haag: Thieme.\n* Borel GFW. [[1880]]. ''Drogredenen zijn geen waarheid: Naar aanleiding van het werk van den Luitenant Generaal Van Swieten over onze vestiging in Atjeh''. Den Haag: Henri J. Stemberg.\n\n{{Perang Aceh}}\n\n[[Kategori:Perang Aceh]]\n[[Kategori:Sejarah Aceh]]\n[[Kategori:Perang yang melibatkan Belanda|Aceh (1876-1877)]]","hash":"333b48646b668ceba82ab34148ab03b55824586ea57a3394abf5c38863317569","last_revision":"2023-07-07T10:22:00Z","first_revision":"2010-07-14T07:38:45Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:04.532119","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"Perang Aceh (1876-1877) adalah masa setelah meninggalnya Jend. Johannes Ludovicius Jakobus Hubertus Pel pada tahun 1876, ketika Belanda menerapkan strategi bertahan dan menunggu.\n\nSetelah tewasnya Pel dalam ekspedisi sebelumnya, Overste Engel diangkat sebagai komandan tertinggi dan maju dalam pertempuran di IX Mukim. Pada hari setelah kedatangannya, mereka maju ke Silang, tempat seluruh angkatan berkumpul dan segera maju ke Kuala Gigieng. Pada tanggal 20 Maret, kubu dipersiapkan di sana dan dipersenjatai dengan 2 meriam dan 2 mortir berukuran 12 cm. Mereka tetap di sana dan di Kuta Pohama yang telah diduduki untuk menjaga komunikasi sepanjang garis pantai dan memastikan pasukan telah mengendalikan seluruh laguna tersebut, dan masyarakat setempat menyerahkan diri pada Belanda. Rencana operasi Jend. Pel sekarang dilaksanakan sepenuhnya. Pada tanggal 10 Maret, MayJend. GBT. Wiggers van Kerchem, pengganti Jend. Pel, menjadi komandan militer dan sipil. Ketika pemerintahan ditegakkan, ia mengetahui bahwa beberapa bagian Aceh Besar sudah ditaklukkan dan diduduki. Namun, sebagian besar pos lainnya harus melindungi daerah yang ditaklukkannya dan komunikasi antarpos tersebut diharapkan tetap terjalin, juga keamanan di wilayah-wilayah yang telah ditaklukkan. Hanya di daerah sekitaran Kutaraja (kini Banda Aceh) jalanan yang dapat dipergunakan dibangun. Namun lainnya harus dibatasi hingga pembersihan penting dan memungkinkan perataan tanah. Operasi tidak dilakukan untuk sementara waktu dan harus berkutat pada perbaikan tempat kedudukan terkini. Batas antara XXV Mukim dan XXII Mukim diputuskan melalui surat berantai, dan penduduk dilarang membawa senjata.\n\nDengan naiknya Jend. Wiggers van Kerchem, keadaan cukup tenang, tetapi keamanan tidak benar-benar terwujud. Di saat yang sama, pejuang Aceh mengadakan perang gerilya dan di Aceh Besar belum mengalami atau sedang memikirkan untuk merapat ke musuh.\n\nKonvoi dan patroli terus-menerus terkena serangan tak terduga, orang-orang yang berani berada di luar gerbang akan menghadapi bahaya perampokan atau pembunuhan. Jenazah orang-orang yang demikian itu akan dipertontonkan dengan disabet-sabet kelewang atau dimutilasi secara mengerikan. Prajurit yang tertangkap musuh banyak yang disiksa habis-habisan sehingga mereka banyak yang memilih bunuh diri daripada tertangkap musuh. Sejumlah dinas diluncurkan dan banyak yang terserang penyakit serius, biasanya kolera, dan korban banyak berjatuhan. Pada tanggal 21 Maret, angkutan barang di bawah pimpinan LetTu. W. van Heeckeren van Molecaten diserang dekat Atu; perwira tersebut terluka dan 5 orang lainnya terbunuh; karena pejuang Aceh sudah merangsek ke tepi tenggara dari garis memanjang, Wiggers van Kerchem mengetahui apa yang diperlukan, bahwa di sana seorang perwira medan harus ditempatkan dan harus bisa memimpin serangan ke kubu tersebut; Kol. Karel van der Heijden (sejak tanggal 1 April menjadi komandan di Garis Tenggara) dibebani tugas itu. Pada malam 2 Mei, Lampagar jatuh; di sisi utara, musuh merangsek ke pos yang belum diperlengkapi dengan baik serta menyerang orang-orang di sana. Kapiten J.W.C.C. Hoynck van Papendrecht, Let. N. van de Roemer dan 5 prajurit pribumi terbunuh; 16 pria dan 5 wanita terluka parah. Apakah para tetua dan penduduk IV Mukim dan VI Mukim tidak percaya sekarang, keadaan di IX Mukim juga masih berbahaya dan diambil keputusan atas daerah ini dengan barisan berkekuatan memadai untuk ikut campur dan membasmi musuh. Oleh karena itu, 3 barisan disiapkan, di bawah pimpinan May. Diepenheim, Overste Engel dan Kol. Van der Heijden. Operasi harus dipimpin oleh Jend. Wiggers van Kerchem sendiri, yang ikut dalam barisan pertama. Aksi tersebut mengharuskan dibangunnya kubu baru di Bilul Selatan, yang pernah diserang pejuang Aceh.\n\nSekitar waktu itu, Habib Abdurrahman azh-Zhahir, yang bantuan pertamanya telah dimanfaatkan oleh pemerintah Belanda, menjadi pimpinan perlawanan di Aceh Besar. Pedir tetap dianggap sebagai negeri yang paling terkemuka dan berpengaruh di Aceh dan Taklukannya; kemudian pemerintah Hindia Belanda memutuskan untuk menempatkan asisten residen L. de Scheemaker di sana dan untuk melindungi dibangunlah kubu, di mana sebuah titik dekat pantai yang berdekatan dengan Krueng Pidie dipilih. Sikap penduduk Pedir amat bermusuhan sehingga May. H.K.F. van Teijn dikirim ke Pedir bersama dengan 1 kompi dari Batalyon VIII. Pada bulan Juli 1876, gagasan gerakan militer itu terlaksana dengan serbuan terhadap pejuang musuh di IV Mukim dan VI Mukim dan untuk melindungi tujuan tersebut, sebuah pos di Krueng Raba didirikan. 2 barisan beranggotakan 300 serdadu di bawah pimpinan May. Diepenheim dan Lubeck dikerahkan untuk tujuan ini; perintah tersebut dilaksanakan dan bangunan pos tidak dirusak. Namun, di bulan itu juga, sejumlah patroli diserang pada tanggal 14 dan 28 Juli.\n\nPada tanggal 1 September, 3 barisan di bawah May. Ruempol, Burgers dan Jeltes bertolak dari Kutaraja menuju Ulee Kareung; Overste Van Bennekom menjadi pimpinan umum, sementara Jend. Wiggers van Kerchem akan memimpin operasi selanjutnya bersama kepala staf. Meskipun terjadi perlawanan sengit dari musuh, tetap pasukan mencapai Tonga dan Lamnyong. Pada hari itu, 7 orang dan 3 perwira tewas sementara 42 orang lainnya terluka. Pada tanggal 26 September, musuh dikalahkan di mana-mana, 22 pucuk senjata dirampas dan sebuah pos dibangun di Kajhu, di mana Overste Ruempol dengan anak buahnya dapat kembali ke Kutaraja. Karena pandangan politiknya atas pemerintah Hindia Belanda yang tak terpecah, Wiggers van Kerchem dibebastugaskan dari kedudukannya secara terhormat, digantikan oleh May. AJE. Diemont dan Diemont mengemban tugas menaklukkan Tanjung Seumantoh (pasukan yang dipimpin Hendrik Eduard Schoggers menunggu di sini) dan Simpang Ulim di pantai timur Sumatera, yang masih menunjukkan sikap permusuhan. Di akhir tahun 1876, kedudukan Belanda di Aceh lebih aman.\n\nPada tanggal 25 Januari 1877, pasukan kembali dikerahkan ke daerah pantai Kuala Gigieng hingga Kuala Lue untuk merebutnya kembali (bagian terakhir rencana Jend. Pel yang belum terlaksana); Lamnga diduduki tanpa perlawanan dan kini musuh mencegat sepanjang pantai dari Pedir ke Kuala Lue dan berjalan lebih lanjut ke XXII Mukim; kini rencana itu dilaksanakan sepenuhnya untuk mempertimbangkan tindakan selanjutnya. Untuk itu, GubJend. Johan Wilhelm van Lansberge mengadakan kunjungan ke Aceh; sejumlah penguasa dan tetua tiba di Kutaraja untuk memberikan penghormatan pada gubernur dan dalam pidatonya mereka mendorong kerja sama untuk menciptakan keamanan dalam pemerintahan Belanda dan menjanjikan renovasi Masjid Raya. Akta pengakuan diberikan terhadap pimpinan di negeri-negeri pesisir yang belum ditaklukkan, yakni Simpang Ulim dan Kluang; Rigaih, Teunom, Teluk Kruet dan Sabee. Setelah itu, didirikanlah pemerintahan pribumi di XXV Mukim. Di awal tahun 1877, kekuatan pasukan penakluk berjumlah 351 perwira dan 9235 lainnya dan kekuatan perang tersebut tidak dapat berkurang karena negeri pesisir, seperti Samalanga, kekuatan persenjataan Belanda tersebut masih dirasakan. Walaupun demikian, diputuskan pula pembangunan rumah sakit militer yang besar di Pante Perak, tempat 2.000 pasien dirawat. Di samping itu, pada bulan April, Analabu diduduki dan tindakan militer diarahkan ke Lhoong, Baba Awe dan No di pantai selatan, yang akhirnya bisa ditaklukkan. Karena MayJend. Diemont sakit, kepemimpinan harus dialihkan kepada Kol. Van der Heijden pada tanggal 30 Juni, yang untuk mempersiapkan peraturan yang lebih rinci, diangkat sebagai gubernur sipil dan militer sementara di Aceh.\n\nTerwogt WA. 1900. Het land van Jan Pieterszoon Coen: Geschiedenis van de Nederlanders in oost-Indië. Hoorn: P. Geerts. Kepper G. 1900. Wapenfeiten van het Nederlands Indische Leger: 1816-1900. Den Haag: M.M. Cuvee. Kielstra EB. 1883. Beschrijving der Atjeh-oorlog: Met gebruikmaking van de officiële bronnen, door het departement van Koloniën daartoe afgestaan (3 bagian). Den Haag: Gebroeders van Cleef. Borel GFW. 1878. Onze vestiging in Atjeh: Critisch beschreven. Den Haag: Thieme. Borel GFW. 1880. Drogredenen zijn geen waarheid: Naar aanleiding van het werk van den Luitenant Generaal Van Swieten over onze vestiging in Atjeh. Den Haag: Henri J. Stemberg.\n\nKategori:Perang Aceh Kategori:Sejarah Aceh Aceh (1876-1877)\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Perang Aceh (1876-1877) adalah masa setelah meninggalnya Jend.","translated_text":"The Aceh War (1876-1877) was the period after Jend's death.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Johannes Ludovicius Jakobus Hubertus Pel pada tahun 1876, ketika Belanda menerapkan strategi bertahan dan menunggu.","translated_text":"Johannes Ludovicius Jakobus Hubertus Pel in 1876, when the Dutch implemented a strategy of standing up and waiting.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Latar belakang","translated_text":"The background","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Setelah tewasnya Pel dalam ekspedisi sebelumnya, Overste Engel diangkat sebagai komandan tertinggi dan maju dalam pertempuran di IX Mukim.","translated_text":"After Pel's death in the previous expedition, Overste Engel was appointed supreme commander and advanced in the battle of IX Mukim.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pada hari setelah kedatangannya, mereka maju ke Silang, tempat seluruh angkatan berkumpul dan segera maju ke Kuala Gigieng.","translated_text":"The day after his arrival, they advanced to Silang, where the entire army gathered and soon advanced to Kuala Gigieng.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pada tanggal 20 Maret, kubu dipersiapkan di sana dan dipersenjatai dengan 2 meriam dan 2 mortir berukuran 12 cm.","translated_text":"On 20 March, the fort was prepared there and armed with 2 cannons and 2 12 cm mortars.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Mereka tetap di sana dan di Kuta Pohama yang telah diduduki untuk menjaga komunikasi sepanjang garis pantai dan memastikan pasukan telah mengendalikan seluruh laguna tersebut, dan masyarakat setempat menyerahkan diri pada Belanda.","translated_text":"They remained there and in the occupied Pohama Citadel to maintain communication along the coastline and ensure troops had control of the entire lagoon, and the local people surrendered to the Dutch.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Rencana operasi Jend.","translated_text":"The plan for Jend's operation.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pel sekarang dilaksanakan sepenuhnya.","translated_text":"The pill is now fully implemented.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pada tanggal 10 Maret, MayJend.","translated_text":"On the 10th of March, MayJend.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"GBT.","translated_text":"The GBT.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Wiggers van Kerchem, pengganti Jend.","translated_text":"Wiggers van Kerchem, the replacement for Jend.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pel, menjadi komandan militer dan sipil.","translated_text":"Pel, become a military and civilian commander.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Ketika pemerintahan ditegakkan, ia mengetahui bahwa beberapa bagian Aceh Besar sudah ditaklukkan dan diduduki.","translated_text":"When the government was established, he learned that some parts of Aceh Greater had been conquered and occupied.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Namun, sebagian besar pos lainnya harus melindungi daerah yang ditaklukkannya dan komunikasi antarpos tersebut diharapkan tetap terjalin, juga keamanan di wilayah-wilayah yang telah ditaklukkan.","translated_text":"However, most other posts must protect the areas they conquer and inter-post communications are expected to remain intertwined, as well as security in the territories they have conquered.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Hanya di daerah sekitaran Kutaraja (kini Banda Aceh) jalanan yang dapat dipergunakan dibangun.","translated_text":"Only in the area around Kutaraja (now Banda Aceh) can roads be constructed.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Namun lainnya harus dibatasi hingga pembersihan penting dan memungkinkan perataan tanah.","translated_text":"But the rest should be limited to cleaning essential and allowing soil compaction.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Operasi tidak dilakukan untuk sementara waktu dan harus berkutat pada perbaikan tempat kedudukan terkini.","translated_text":"The operation was not carried out for a while and should be confined to the repair of the current position.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Batas antara XXV Mukim dan XXII Mukim diputuskan melalui surat berantai, dan penduduk dilarang membawa senjata.","translated_text":"The boundary between the XXV and XXII Mukim was decided through a series of letters, and the inhabitants were forbidden to carry weapons.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Aceh di bawah Jenderal Wiggers van Kerchem","translated_text":"Aceh under the command of General Wiggers van Kerchem","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Dengan naiknya Jend.","translated_text":"With Jend's ride.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Wiggers van Kerchem, keadaan cukup tenang, tetapi keamanan tidak benar-benar terwujud.","translated_text":"Wiggers van Kerchem, the situation is quite calm, but the security is not fully realized.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Di saat yang sama, pejuang Aceh mengadakan perang gerilya dan di Aceh Besar belum mengalami atau sedang memikirkan untuk merapat ke musuh.","translated_text":"At the same time, Aceh fighters waged guerrilla warfare and in Aceh Besar have not experienced or are considering meeting the enemy.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Konvoi dan patroli terus-menerus terkena serangan tak terduga, orang-orang yang berani berada di luar gerbang akan menghadapi bahaya perampokan atau pembunuhan.","translated_text":"Convoys and patrols are constantly subjected to unexpected attacks, people who dare to be outside the gate will face the danger of robbery or murder.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Jenazah orang-orang yang demikian itu akan dipertontonkan dengan disabet-sabet kelewang atau dimutilasi secara mengerikan.","translated_text":"The bodies of such people will be viewed with whips or horribly mutilated.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Prajurit yang tertangkap musuh banyak yang disiksa habis-habisan sehingga mereka banyak yang memilih bunuh diri daripada tertangkap musuh.","translated_text":"Many soldiers captured by the enemy were tortured so severely that many preferred to kill themselves rather than be captured by the enemy.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Sejumlah dinas diluncurkan dan banyak yang terserang penyakit serius, biasanya kolera, dan korban banyak berjatuhan.","translated_text":"A number of ministries were launched and many suffered serious illnesses, usually cholera, and many casualties.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pada tanggal 21 Maret, angkutan barang di bawah pimpinan LetTu.","translated_text":"On 21 March, freight under the command of LetTu.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"W. van Heeckeren van Molecaten diserang dekat Atu; perwira tersebut terluka dan 5 orang lainnya terbunuh; karena pejuang Aceh sudah merangsek ke tepi tenggara dari garis memanjang, Wiggers van Kerchem mengetahui apa yang diperlukan, bahwa di sana seorang perwira medan harus ditempatkan dan harus bisa memimpin serangan ke kubu tersebut;","translated_text":"W. van Heeckeren van Molecaten was attacked near Atu; the officer was wounded and 5 others were killed; as the Aceh fighters had crawled to the southeastern edge of the stretch line, Wiggers van Kerchem knew what was needed, that there a field officer should be stationed and should be able to lead an attack on the fort;","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Kol. Karel van der Heijden (sejak tanggal 1 April menjadi komandan di Garis Tenggara) dibebani tugas itu.","translated_text":"Colonel Karel van der Heijden (since 1 April as commander of the Southeastern Line) was burdened with the task.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pada malam 2 Mei, Lampagar jatuh; di sisi utara, musuh merangsek ke pos yang belum diperlengkapi dengan baik serta menyerang orang-orang di sana.","translated_text":"On the night of 2 May, Lampagar fell; on the northern side, the enemy crawled to an ill-equipped post and attacked the people there.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Kapiten J.W.C.C. Hoynck van Papendrecht, Let.","translated_text":"Captain of the J.W.C.C. Hoynck van Papendrecht, Lieutenant.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"N. van de Roemer dan 5 prajurit pribumi terbunuh; 16 pria dan 5 wanita terluka parah.","translated_text":"N. van de Roemer and 5 indigenous soldiers were killed; 16 men and 5 women were seriously injured.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Apakah para tetua dan penduduk IV Mukim dan VI Mukim tidak percaya sekarang, keadaan di IX Mukim juga masih berbahaya dan diambil keputusan atas daerah ini dengan barisan berkekuatan memadai untuk ikut campur dan membasmi musuh.","translated_text":"Whether the elders and the inhabitants of the IV Mukim and VI Mukim do not believe now, the situation in the IX Mukim is also dangerous and decisions are made over this area with a line of sufficient strength to intervene and exterminate the enemy.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Oleh karena itu, 3 barisan disiapkan, di bawah pimpinan May.","translated_text":"Therefore, three lines were prepared, under May's leadership.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Diepenheim, Overste Engel dan Kol. Van der Heijden.","translated_text":"Diepenheim, Overste Engel and Colonel Van der Heijden are on the scene.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Operasi harus dipimpin oleh Jend.","translated_text":"The operation should be led by Jend.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Wiggers van Kerchem sendiri, yang ikut dalam barisan pertama.","translated_text":"Wiggers van Kerchem himself, who was in the front row.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Aksi tersebut mengharuskan dibangunnya kubu baru di Bilul Selatan, yang pernah diserang pejuang Aceh.","translated_text":"The action required the construction of a new fortress in South Bilul, which was once attacked by Aceh fighters.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Operasi militer selanjutnya","translated_text":"Next military operation","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Sekitar waktu itu, Habib Abdurrahman azh-Zhahir, yang bantuan pertamanya telah dimanfaatkan oleh pemerintah Belanda, menjadi pimpinan perlawanan di Aceh Besar.","translated_text":"Around that time, Habib Abdurrahman azh-Zhahir, whose first aid had been used by the Dutch government, became the leader of the resistance in Aceh Besar.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pedir tetap dianggap sebagai negeri yang paling terkemuka dan berpengaruh di Aceh dan Taklukannya; kemudian pemerintah Hindia Belanda memutuskan untuk menempatkan asisten residen L. de Scheemaker di sana dan untuk melindungi dibangunlah kubu, di mana sebuah titik dekat pantai yang berdekatan dengan Krueng Pidie dipilih.","translated_text":"Thunder remained regarded as the most prominent and influential country in Aceh and its conquests; later the Dutch Indian government decided to place L. de Scheemaker's resident assistant there and to protect the fort was built, at which point a point near the coast adjacent to the Pidie River was chosen.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Sikap penduduk Pedir amat bermusuhan sehingga May. H.K.F. van Teijn dikirim ke Pedir bersama dengan 1 kompi dari Batalyon VIII.","translated_text":"The attitude of Pedir's inhabitants was so hostile that May H.K.F. van Teijn was sent to Pedir along with a company of the VIII Battalion.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pada bulan Juli 1876, gagasan gerakan militer itu terlaksana dengan serbuan terhadap pejuang musuh di IV Mukim dan VI Mukim dan untuk melindungi tujuan tersebut, sebuah pos di Krueng Raba didirikan.","translated_text":"In July 1876, the idea of the military movement was realized by raiding enemy fighters at IV Mukim and VI Mukim and to protect that goal, a post at the Raba River was established.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"2 barisan beranggotakan 300 serdadu di bawah pimpinan May.","translated_text":"Two lines of 300 soldiers under May's command.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Diepenheim dan Lubeck dikerahkan untuk tujuan ini; perintah tersebut dilaksanakan dan bangunan pos tidak dirusak.","translated_text":"Diepenheim and Lubeck were deployed for this purpose; the order was carried out and the post office building was not destroyed.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Namun, di bulan itu juga, sejumlah patroli diserang pada tanggal 14 dan 28 Juli.","translated_text":"However, that same month, a number of patrols were attacked on July 14 and 28.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Pada tanggal 1 September, 3 barisan di bawah May.","translated_text":"On September 1st, three rows below May.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Ruempol, Burgers dan Jeltes bertolak dari Kutaraja menuju Ulee Kareung;","translated_text":"Ruempol, Burgers and Jeltes retreated from Kutaraja to Ulee Kareung;","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Overste Van Bennekom menjadi pimpinan umum, sementara Jend.","translated_text":"Overste Van Bennekom became the general leader, while Jend.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Wiggers van Kerchem akan memimpin operasi selanjutnya bersama kepala staf.","translated_text":"Wiggers van Kerchem will lead the next operation with the chief of staff.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Meskipun terjadi perlawanan sengit dari musuh, tetap pasukan mencapai Tonga dan Lamnyong.","translated_text":"Despite fierce resistance from the enemy, troops still reached Tonga and Lamnyong.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pada hari itu, 7 orang dan 3 perwira tewas sementara 42 orang lainnya terluka.","translated_text":"On that day, seven men and three officers were killed while 42 others were wounded.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pada tanggal 26 September, musuh dikalahkan di mana-mana, 22 pucuk senjata dirampas dan sebuah pos dibangun di Kajhu, di mana Overste Ruempol dengan anak buahnya dapat kembali ke Kutaraja.","translated_text":"On 26 September, the enemy was defeated everywhere, 22 guns were confiscated and a post was built at Kajhu, where Overste Ruempol and his men could return to the Kutaraja.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Karena pandangan politiknya atas pemerintah Hindia Belanda yang tak terpecah, Wiggers van Kerchem dibebastugaskan dari kedudukannya secara terhormat, digantikan oleh May. AJE.","translated_text":"Because of his political views on the undivided government of the Dutch East Indies, Wiggers van Kerchem was honorably discharged from his post, being replaced by May AJE.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Diemont dan Diemont mengemban tugas menaklukkan Tanjung Seumantoh (pasukan yang dipimpin Hendrik Eduard Schoggers menunggu di sini) dan Simpang Ulim di pantai timur Sumatera, yang masih menunjukkan sikap permusuhan.","translated_text":"Diemont and Diemont were tasked with conquering Cape Seumantoh (a force led by Hendrik Eduard Schoggers awaits here) and the Ulim Simpang on the east coast of Sumatra, which still show hostility.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Di akhir tahun 1876, kedudukan Belanda di Aceh lebih aman.","translated_text":"By the end of 1876, the Dutch position in Aceh was safer.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Operasi militer di bawah pimpinan MayJend. Diemont","translated_text":"Military operations under the command of Major General Diemont.","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Pada tanggal 25 Januari 1877, pasukan kembali dikerahkan ke daerah pantai Kuala Gigieng hingga Kuala Lue untuk merebutnya kembali (bagian terakhir rencana Jend.","translated_text":"On 25 January 1877, troops were again deployed to the coastal area of Kuala Gigieng to Kuala Lue to retake it (the final part of the Jend plan.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pel yang belum terlaksana);","translated_text":"Unfinished business;","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Lamnga diduduki tanpa perlawanan dan kini musuh mencegat sepanjang pantai dari Pedir ke Kuala Lue dan berjalan lebih lanjut ke XXII Mukim; kini rencana itu dilaksanakan sepenuhnya untuk mempertimbangkan tindakan selanjutnya.","translated_text":"Lamnga was occupied without resistance and now the enemy intercepted along the coast from Pedir to Kuala Lue and proceeded further to XXII Mukim; now the plan was fully implemented to consider further action.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Untuk itu, GubJend.","translated_text":"For that, GubJend.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Johan Wilhelm van Lansberge mengadakan kunjungan ke Aceh; sejumlah penguasa dan tetua tiba di Kutaraja untuk memberikan penghormatan pada gubernur dan dalam pidatonya mereka mendorong kerja sama untuk menciptakan keamanan dalam pemerintahan Belanda dan menjanjikan renovasi Masjid Raya.","translated_text":"Johan Wilhelm van Lansberge made a visit to Aceh; a number of rulers and elders arrived in Kutaraja to pay homage to the governor and in his speech they encouraged cooperation to create security in the Dutch government and promised renovation of the Great Mosque.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Akta pengakuan diberikan terhadap pimpinan di negeri-negeri pesisir yang belum ditaklukkan, yakni Simpang Ulim dan Kluang; Rigaih, Teunom, Teluk Kruet dan Sabee.","translated_text":"Acts of recognition were given to the leaders of the unconquered coastal states of Simpang Ulim and Kluang; Rigaih, Teunom, Gulf of Kruet and Sabee.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Setelah itu, didirikanlah pemerintahan pribumi di XXV Mukim.","translated_text":"After that, indigenous government was established in XXV Mukim.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Di awal tahun 1877, kekuatan pasukan penakluk berjumlah 351 perwira dan 9235 lainnya dan kekuatan perang tersebut tidak dapat berkurang karena negeri pesisir, seperti Samalanga, kekuatan persenjataan Belanda tersebut masih dirasakan.","translated_text":"At the beginning of 1877, the strength of the conquering force was 351 officers and 9235 others and the strength of the war could not be diminished because the coastal states, such as Samalanga, still felt the strength of the Dutch armed forces.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Walaupun demikian, diputuskan pula pembangunan rumah sakit militer yang besar di Pante Perak, tempat 2.000 pasien dirawat.","translated_text":"Nevertheless, it was decided to build a large military hospital in Pante Perak, where 2,000 patients were treated.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Di samping itu, pada bulan April, Analabu diduduki dan tindakan militer diarahkan ke Lhoong, Baba Awe dan No di pantai selatan, yang akhirnya bisa ditaklukkan.","translated_text":"In addition, in April, Analabu was occupied and military action directed at Lhoong, Baba Awe and No on the southern coast, which could eventually be conquered.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Karena MayJend.","translated_text":"Because of MayJend.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Diemont sakit, kepemimpinan harus dialihkan kepada Kol. Van der Heijden pada tanggal 30 Juni, yang untuk mempersiapkan peraturan yang lebih rinci, diangkat sebagai gubernur sipil dan militer sementara di Aceh.","translated_text":"Diemont was ill, leadership was to be transferred to Colonel Van der Heijden on 30 June, who to prepare for more detailed regulations, was appointed as temporary civilian and military governor of Aceh.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Rujukan","translated_text":"References","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Terwogt WA. 1900.","translated_text":"It's from WA, 1900.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Het land van Jan Pieterszoon Coen: Geschiedenis van de Nederlanders in oost-Indië.","translated_text":"Het land van Jan Pieterszoon Coen: Geschiedenis van de Nederlanders in the east of the Indies.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Hoorn: P. Geerts.","translated_text":"P. Geerts. What is it?","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Kepper G. 1900.","translated_text":"The Kepper G. 1900.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Wapenfeiten van het Nederlands Indische Leger: 1816-1900.","translated_text":"The Dutch Indische Leger: 1816-1900.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Den Haag: M.M. Cuvee.","translated_text":"The Hague: M.M. Cuvee","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Kielstra EB.","translated_text":"The Kielstra EB.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"1883.","translated_text":"It's 1883.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Beschrijving der Atjeh-oorlog:","translated_text":"Beschrijving der Atjeh-oorlog:","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Met gebruikmaking van de officiële bronnen, door het departement van Koloniën daartoe afgestaan (3 bagian).","translated_text":"Met brugmaking van de officiële bronnen, door het departement van Koloniën theretoe afgestaan (3 parts) is also included.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Den Haag: Gebroeders van Cleef.","translated_text":"The Hague: the Gebroeders van Cleef.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Borel GFW.","translated_text":"Borel GFW.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"1878.","translated_text":"It's 1878.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Onze vestiging in Atjeh: Critisch beschreven.","translated_text":"Eleven vestiging in Atjeh: Critisch beschreven.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Den Haag: Thieme.","translated_text":"The Hague: Thieme","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Borel GFW.","translated_text":"Borel GFW.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"1880.","translated_text":"It's the 1880s.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Drogredenen zijn geen waarheid: Naar aanleiding van het werk van den Luitenant Generaal Van Swieten over onze vestiging in Atjeh.","translated_text":"Drogredenen zijn geen waarheid: Naar aanleiding van het werk van den Lieutenant General Van Swieten over our vestiging in Atjeh.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Den Haag: Henri J. Stemberg.","translated_text":"The Hague: Henri J. Stemberg.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kategori:Perang Aceh Kategori:Sejarah Aceh Aceh (1876-1877)","translated_text":"Category:Acean War Category:History of the Aceh people (1876-1877)","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Farah Quinn","wikicode":"{{Infobox person\n|name = Farah Quinn\n|image = Farah-quinn.jpg\n|imagesize = \n|caption = \n|birth_date = {{birth date and age|1980|4|8}}\n|birth_place = [[Bandung]], [[Jawa Barat]], [[Indonesia]] \n|birthname = Farah Farhanah\n|othername = Farah Quinn\n|deathdate = \n|deathplace = \n|yearsactive = 2008 - sekarang\n|occupation = {{hlist|[[Aktris]] |[[Koki]]|[[Pembawa acara]]\n}}\n|spouse = {{marriage|Carson Quinn|2005|2014|reason=divorced}}\n|partner = \n|children = Armand Fauzan Quinn\n|parents = Ir. Fauzan Rahim {{small|(ayah)}} {{br}} Nyayu Rachmawaty {{small|(ibu)}}\n|alma_mater = Indiana University of Pennsylvania\n|religion = \n|influences = \n|influenced = \n|website = {{URL|http://www.farahquinn.com}}\n|twitter = \n}}\n\n'''Farah Farhanah''' atau yang lebih dikenal dengan '''Farah Quinn''' ({{lahirmati|[[Bandung]], [[Jawa Barat]]|8|4|1980}}) adalah seorang [[koki]] dan [[pembawa acara]] [[Indonesia]] keturunan [[Suku Palembang|Palembang]], [[Sumatera Selatan]].\n\n== Kehidupan awal dan pendidikan ==\n\nFarah Farhanah Quinn atau yang lebih akrab dipanggil Farah Quinn lahir di Bandung, 8 April [[1980]]. Masa kecilnya di [[Sumatra]] kerap ia habiskan untuk membantu sang ibu di dapur. Lepas SMA, Farah melanjutkan kuliah di jurusan finance di [[Indiana University Of Pennsylvania]], [[Amerika Serikat]]. Jurusan yang sebenarnya tak ingin ia masuki, ia lebih suka mempelajari resep masakan ketimbang belajar ekonomi. Tapi saat itu, wanita berkulit kecokelatan ini yakin, keinginannya pasti akan ditentang oleh sang ayah. Karena itulah Farah memutuskan untuk mengambil jurusan tersebut.Muhammad Solihin \"[https://web.archive.org/web/20150122205946/http://farah-quinn.artis.life.viva.co.id/ Viva Life: Farah Quinn].\" Retrieved on 4 Mei 2013.\n\n== Karier ==\n=== Amerika Serikat ===\nFarah mengakui bahwa dirinya bukanlah tipikal pekerja kantoran. Karena itulah Farah memulai kariernya di \"Lydia's Pittsburgh\", sebuah restoran Italia terkenal di [[Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania]]. Ia juga melanjutkan pendidikannya di [[Pittsburgh Culinary Institute]] dan mengambil keahlian khusus dalam bidang ''pastry'' atau kue-kue.\n\nSetelah lulus, Farah pindah ke [[Phoenix, Arizona]]. Ia kemudian bekerja di [[Arizona Biltmore Resort]]. Farah juga sempat mengikuti World Pastry Championship dan mendapatkan kesempatan belajar memasak pada [[Chef Ewald Notter]] and [[Colette Peters]]. Tahun 2005, keberuntungan membawa Farah dalam acara pertemuan [[G8]] di [[Sea Island Georgia]]. Di bawah bimbingan [[Chef James Mullaney]], ia menciptakan menu dessert yang spesial. Hidangan penutup itu disajikan untuk beberapa orang seperti Ibu Negara [[Laura Bush]] dan delegasi dunia lain.\n\nPada tahun 2003, ia membuka restoran sendiri \"Camus\" di Phoenix, Arizona. Restoran itu dianugerahi 4 bintang untuk masakan dan juga banyak penghargaan lainnya. Farah memperoleh banyak ketenaran. Gara-gara restorannya, nama Farah mulai tenar. Ia kerap tampil di beberapa koran dan majalah. \"Camus\" kemudian telah dijualnya.\n\n=== A la Chef ===\nSuatu hari ia menunjukkan portofolionya kepada [[Helmi Yahya]] yang masih terhitung sepupu orang tuanya, sehingga Farah masih keponakan dari Helmy. Presenter kondang itu tertarik dan kemudian mengajak Farah untuk tampil sebagai bintang tamu dalam sebuah acara. Beberapa lama setelah itu Farah dihubungi oleh stasiun TV [[TransTV]]. Ia ditawari untuk membawakan sebuah acara masak-memasak. Farah mengiyakan. Farah Quinnn resmi membawakan acara \"Ala Chef\" di [[Trans TV]] sejak [[November]] [[2008]].\n\n=== The Big Break ===\nPada akhir tahun 2012, Farah menjadi pembawa acara [[The Big Break]] yang ditayangkan [[Asian Food Channel]]. Acara The Big Break diikuti oleh 12 peserta dari kalangan ekonomi lemah. Peserta yang dipilih memiliki usia berkisar antara 16 hingga 25 tahun. Pesertanya terpilih lewat hasil seleksi yang dilakukan di 6 negara, yaitu [[Malaysia]], [[Mongolia]], [[Filipina]], [[Thailand]], [[Singapura]], dan juga [[Korea Selatan]]. Dalam kompetisi masak ini, penilaian dilakukan oleh dua orang juri yaitu Farah Quinn, celebrity chef dari Indonesia, dan juga Executive Chef [[Resort World Sentosa]], [[Alan Orreal]]. Keduanya juga menjadi mentor para peserta dalam kompetisi The Big Break. Mereka juga dibantu oleh tim F&B dari Resorts World Sentosa yang juga ambil bagian dalam penyelenggaraan The Big Break ini.Flora Febrianindya \"[https://web.archive.org/web/20130106171707/http://food.detik.com/read/2012/11/10/094943/2087906/294/kompetisi-the-big-break-segera-tayang-di-asian-food-channel Kompetisi The Big Break Segera Tayang di Asian Food Channel].\" Retrieved on 4 Mei 2013.\n\n=== Duta in-flight Meal Air Asia ===\nPada tahun yang sama, Farah Quinn didapuk menjadi duta in-flight meal maskapai penerbangan [[Air Asia]] Indonesia. Sebagai duta in-flight meal, Farah akan menyajikan beragam kuliner khas Indonesia untuk penumpang. Ia dikontrak selama satu tahunMauludi Rismoyo \"[https://web.archive.org/web/20140328091610/http://hot.detik.com/read/2012/11/09/141053/2087212/230/farah-quinn-jadi-duta-in-flight-meal-air-asia-indonesia Farah Quinn Jadi Duta In-Flight Meal Air Asia Indonesia].\" Retrieved on 4 Mei 2013.\n\n== Acara TV ==\n\n* ''Ala Chef'' ([[Trans TV]])\n* ''with Farah Quinn'' ([[Trans TV]])\n* ''Queen at Home With Tupperware'' ([[NET.]])\n* ''Top Chef Indonesia'' ([[SCTV]])\n* ''Food & Fashion'' ([[Trans TV]])\n\n== Filmografi ==\n=== Film ===\n{| class=\"wikitable\"\n|-\n! Tahun\n! Judul\n! Peran\n! Keterangan\n|-\n| 2018\n| ''[[Partikelir]]\n| Mamah muda\n| \n|}\n\n== Penghargaan ==\n\n* [[Panasonic Gobel Awards 2013]] untuk kategori Presenter Hobi & Gaya Hidup Terfavorit\n\n== Referensi ==\n\n{{reflist}}\n\n== Pranala luar ==\n* {{kapanlagi|f|farah_quinn}}\n* {{id}} [http://id.omg.yahoo.com/celebrity/local/profile/205/farah-quinn Profil di Yahoo] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100621071439/http://id.omg.yahoo.com/celebrity/local/profile/205/farah-quinn |date=2010-06-21 }}\n* {{id}} [http://www.farahquinn.com Situs web resmi Farah Quinn] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20130216010300/http://www.farahquinn.com/ |date=2013-02-16 }}\n\n{{lifetime|1980||Quinn, Farah}}\n\n{{Top Chef Indonesia}}\n{{Authority control}}\n\n[[Kategori:Juru masak Indonesia]]\n[[Kategori:Tokoh dari Bandung]]\n[[Kategori:Tokoh Jawa Barat]]\n[[Kategori:Tokoh Jawa]]","hash":"09d9476c1b7cd3fb1c59c1cc21a66d6e8a924a21d0e43bf58c895ca3846fcd7c","last_revision":"2023-12-03T07:40:05Z","first_revision":"2010-07-14T07:44:12Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:04.584997","cross_lingual_links":{"ar":"فراح كوين","en":"Farah Quinn","fr":"Farah Quinn","jv":"Farah Quinn"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:49.646268","text":"Farah Farhanah atau yang lebih dikenal dengan Farah Quinn () adalah seorang koki dan pembawa acara Indonesia keturunan Palembang, Sumatera Selatan.\n\nFarah Farhanah Quinn atau yang lebih akrab dipanggil Farah Quinn lahir di Bandung, 8 April 1980. Masa kecilnya di Sumatra kerap ia habiskan untuk membantu sang ibu di dapur. Lepas SMA, Farah melanjutkan kuliah di jurusan finance di Indiana University Of Pennsylvania, Amerika Serikat. Jurusan yang sebenarnya tak ingin ia masuki, ia lebih suka mempelajari resep masakan ketimbang belajar ekonomi. Tapi saat itu, wanita berkulit kecokelatan ini yakin, keinginannya pasti akan ditentang oleh sang ayah. Karena itulah Farah memutuskan untuk mengambil jurusan tersebut.\n\nFarah mengakui bahwa dirinya bukanlah tipikal pekerja kantoran. Karena itulah Farah memulai kariernya di \"Lydia's Pittsburgh\", sebuah restoran Italia terkenal di Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Ia juga melanjutkan pendidikannya di Pittsburgh Culinary Institute dan mengambil keahlian khusus dalam bidang pastry atau kue-kue.\n\nSetelah lulus, Farah pindah ke Phoenix, Arizona. Ia kemudian bekerja di Arizona Biltmore Resort. Farah juga sempat mengikuti World Pastry Championship dan mendapatkan kesempatan belajar memasak pada Chef Ewald Notter and Colette Peters. Tahun 2005, keberuntungan membawa Farah dalam acara pertemuan G8 di Sea Island Georgia. Di bawah bimbingan Chef James Mullaney, ia menciptakan menu dessert yang spesial. Hidangan penutup itu disajikan untuk beberapa orang seperti Ibu Negara Laura Bush dan delegasi dunia lain.\n\nPada tahun 2003, ia membuka restoran sendiri \"Camus\" di Phoenix, Arizona. Restoran itu dianugerahi 4 bintang untuk masakan dan juga banyak penghargaan lainnya. Farah memperoleh banyak ketenaran. Gara-gara restorannya, nama Farah mulai tenar. Ia kerap tampil di beberapa koran dan majalah. \"Camus\" kemudian telah dijualnya.\n\nSuatu hari ia menunjukkan portofolionya kepada Helmi Yahya yang masih terhitung sepupu orang tuanya, sehingga Farah masih keponakan dari Helmy. Presenter kondang itu tertarik dan kemudian mengajak Farah untuk tampil sebagai bintang tamu dalam sebuah acara. Beberapa lama setelah itu Farah dihubungi oleh stasiun TV TransTV. Ia ditawari untuk membawakan sebuah acara masak-memasak. Farah mengiyakan. Farah Quinnn resmi membawakan acara \"Ala Chef\" di Trans TV sejak November 2008.\n\nPada akhir tahun 2012, Farah menjadi pembawa acara The Big Break yang ditayangkan Asian Food Channel. Acara The Big Break diikuti oleh 12 peserta dari kalangan ekonomi lemah. Peserta yang dipilih memiliki usia berkisar antara 16 hingga 25 tahun. Pesertanya terpilih lewat hasil seleksi yang dilakukan di 6 negara, yaitu Malaysia, Mongolia, Filipina, Thailand, Singapura, dan juga Korea Selatan. Dalam kompetisi masak ini, penilaian dilakukan oleh dua orang juri yaitu Farah Quinn, celebrity chef dari Indonesia, dan juga Executive Chef Resort World Sentosa, Alan Orreal. Keduanya juga menjadi mentor para peserta dalam kompetisi The Big Break. Mereka juga dibantu oleh tim F&B dari Resorts World Sentosa yang juga ambil bagian dalam penyelenggaraan The Big Break ini.\n\nPada tahun yang sama, Farah Quinn didapuk menjadi duta in-flight meal maskapai penerbangan Air Asia Indonesia. Sebagai duta in-flight meal, Farah akan menyajikan beragam kuliner khas Indonesia untuk penumpang. Ia dikontrak selama satu tahun\n\nAla Chef (Trans TV) with Farah Quinn (Trans TV) Queen at Home With Tupperware (NET.) Top Chef Indonesia (SCTV) Food & Fashion (Trans TV)\n\nPanasonic Gobel Awards 2013 untuk kategori Presenter Hobi & Gaya Hidup Terfavorit\n\nProfil di Yahoo Situs web resmi Farah Quinn\n\nKategori:Juru masak Indonesia Kategori:Tokoh dari Bandung Kategori:Tokoh Jawa Barat Kategori:Tokoh Jawa\n","elements":[{"type":"infobox","content":"{{Infobox person\n|name = Farah Quinn\n|image = Farah-quinn.jpg\n|imagesize = \n|caption = \n|birth_date = {{birth date and age|1980|4|8}}\n|birth_place = [[Bandung]], [[Jawa Barat]], [[Indonesia]] \n|birthname = Farah Farhanah\n|othername = Farah Quinn\n|deathdate = \n|deathplace = \n|yearsactive = 2008 - sekarang\n|occupation = {{hlist|[[Aktris]] |[[Koki]]|[[Pembawa acara]]\n}}\n|spouse = {{marriage|Carson Quinn|2005|2014|reason=divorced}}\n|partner = \n|children = Armand Fauzan Quinn\n|parents = Ir. Fauzan Rahim {{small|(ayah)}} {{br}} Nyayu Rachmawaty {{small|(ibu)}}\n|alma_mater = Indiana University of Pennsylvania\n|religion = \n|influences = \n|influenced = \n|website = {{URL|http://www.farahquinn.com}}\n|twitter = \n}}"},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Farah Farhanah atau yang lebih dikenal dengan Farah Quinn () adalah seorang koki dan pembawa acara Indonesia keturunan Palembang, Sumatera Selatan.","translated_text":"Farah Farhanah or better known as Farah Quinn () is an Indonesian chef and entertainer of Palembang, South Sumatra.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Kehidupan awal dan pendidikan","translated_text":"Early life and education","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Farah Farhanah Quinn atau yang lebih akrab dipanggil Farah Quinn lahir di Bandung, 8 April 1980.","translated_text":"Farah Farhanah Quinn or better known as Farah Quinn was born in Bandung on April 8, 1980.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Masa kecilnya di Sumatra kerap ia habiskan untuk membantu sang ibu di dapur.","translated_text":"His childhood in Sumatra was often spent helping his mother in the kitchen.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Lepas SMA, Farah melanjutkan kuliah di jurusan finance di Indiana University Of Pennsylvania, Amerika Serikat.","translated_text":"After high school, Farah went on to study finance at Indiana University Of Pennsylvania, USA.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Jurusan yang sebenarnya tak ingin ia masuki, ia lebih suka mempelajari resep masakan ketimbang belajar ekonomi.","translated_text":"The major really doesn't want him in, he prefers to study recipes to economics.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Tapi saat itu, wanita berkulit kecokelatan ini yakin, keinginannya pasti akan ditentang oleh sang ayah.","translated_text":"But then, this brown-skinned woman was sure that her desire would be resisted by her father.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Karena itulah Farah memutuskan untuk mengambil jurusan tersebut.","translated_text":"That's why Farah decided to take the major.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[{"content":"Muhammad Solihin \"[https://web.archive.org/web/20150122205946/http://farah-quinn.artis.life.viva.co.id/ Viva Life: Farah Quinn].\" Retrieved on 4 Mei 2013.","char_index":64,"name":"VivaLife","url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20150122205946/http://farah-quinn.artis.life.viva.co.id/","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:29.830185-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Karier","translated_text":"Career","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"heading","text":"Amerika Serikat","translated_text":"United States of America","level":3,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Farah mengakui bahwa dirinya bukanlah tipikal pekerja kantoran.","translated_text":"Farah admitted that he was not a typical office worker.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Karena itulah Farah memulai kariernya di \"Lydia's Pittsburgh\", sebuah restoran Italia terkenal di Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.","translated_text":"That's why Farah started her career at Lydia's Pittsburgh, a famous Italian restaurant in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Ia juga melanjutkan pendidikannya di Pittsburgh Culinary Institute dan mengambil keahlian khusus dalam bidang pastry atau kue-kue.","translated_text":"He also continued his education at the Pittsburgh Culinary Institute and took special expertise in pastries or cakes.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Setelah lulus, Farah pindah ke Phoenix, Arizona.","translated_text":"After graduation, Farah moved to Phoenix, Arizona.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Ia kemudian bekerja di Arizona Biltmore Resort.","translated_text":"He then worked at the Arizona Biltmore Resort.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Farah juga sempat mengikuti World Pastry Championship dan mendapatkan kesempatan belajar memasak pada Chef Ewald Notter and Colette Peters.","translated_text":"Farah also participated in the World Pastry Championship and got the opportunity to learn to cook from Chef Ewald Notter and Colette Peters.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Tahun 2005, keberuntungan membawa Farah dalam acara pertemuan G8 di Sea Island Georgia.","translated_text":"In 2005, luck brought Farah to the G8 summit event on Sea Island Georgia.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Di bawah bimbingan Chef James Mullaney, ia menciptakan menu dessert yang spesial.","translated_text":"Under the guidance of Chef James Mullaney, he created a special dessert menu.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Hidangan penutup itu disajikan untuk beberapa orang seperti Ibu Negara Laura Bush dan delegasi dunia lain.","translated_text":"The dessert was served to a few people like First Lady Laura Bush and other world delegates.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Pada tahun 2003, ia membuka restoran sendiri \"Camus\" di Phoenix, Arizona.","translated_text":"In 2003, he opened his own restaurant \"Camus\" in Phoenix, Arizona.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Restoran itu dianugerahi 4 bintang untuk masakan dan juga banyak penghargaan lainnya.","translated_text":"The restaurant was awarded four stars for its cuisine and many other awards.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Farah memperoleh banyak ketenaran.","translated_text":"Farah gained a lot of fame.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Gara-gara restorannya, nama Farah mulai tenar.","translated_text":"Because of the restaurant, Farah's name has become unknown.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Ia kerap tampil di beberapa koran dan majalah.","translated_text":"He appeared frequently in several newspapers and magazines.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"\"Camus\" kemudian telah dijualnya.","translated_text":"\"Camus\" was then sold.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"A la Chef","translated_text":"A la Chef","level":3,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Suatu hari ia menunjukkan portofolionya kepada Helmi Yahya yang masih terhitung sepupu orang tuanya, sehingga Farah masih keponakan dari Helmy.","translated_text":"One day he showed his portfolio to Helmi Yahya who was still a cousin of his parents, so Pharaoh was still a nephew of Helmi.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Presenter kondang itu tertarik dan kemudian mengajak Farah untuk tampil sebagai bintang tamu dalam sebuah acara.","translated_text":"The famous presenter was attracted and then invited Farah to appear as a guest star in a show.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Beberapa lama setelah itu Farah dihubungi oleh stasiun TV TransTV.","translated_text":"Some time later Farah was contacted by the TransTV TV station.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Ia ditawari untuk membawakan sebuah acara masak-memasak.","translated_text":"She was offered to host a cooking show.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Farah mengiyakan.","translated_text":"The pharaoh's got it all figured out.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Farah Quinnn resmi membawakan acara \"Ala Chef\" di Trans TV sejak November 2008.","translated_text":"Farah Quinnn has officially hosted \"Ala Chef\" on Trans TV since November 2008.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"The Big Break","translated_text":"The Big Break","level":3,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Pada akhir tahun 2012, Farah menjadi pembawa acara The Big Break yang ditayangkan Asian Food Channel.","translated_text":"In late 2012, Farah became the host of The Big Break on the Asian Food Channel.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Acara The Big Break diikuti oleh 12 peserta dari kalangan ekonomi lemah.","translated_text":"The Big Break event was attended by 12 participants from economically weak backgrounds.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Peserta yang dipilih memiliki usia berkisar antara 16 hingga 25 tahun.","translated_text":"The selected participants ranged in age from 16 to 25.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pesertanya terpilih lewat hasil seleksi yang dilakukan di 6 negara, yaitu Malaysia, Mongolia, Filipina, Thailand, Singapura, dan juga Korea Selatan.","translated_text":"Participants were selected through selection in six countries, namely Malaysia, Mongolia, the Philippines, Thailand, Singapore, and South Korea.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Dalam kompetisi masak ini, penilaian dilakukan oleh dua orang juri yaitu Farah Quinn, celebrity chef dari Indonesia, dan juga Executive Chef Resort World Sentosa, Alan Orreal.","translated_text":"In this cooking competition, the judging was done by two judges: Farah Quinn, celebrity chef from Indonesia, and also Executive Chef Resort World Sentosa, Alan Orreal.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Keduanya juga menjadi mentor para peserta dalam kompetisi The Big Break.","translated_text":"Both also mentored participants in The Big Break competition.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Mereka juga dibantu oleh tim F&B dari Resorts World Sentosa yang juga ambil bagian dalam penyelenggaraan The Big Break ini.","translated_text":"They were also assisted by the F&B team from Resorts World Sentosa who also took part in the hosting of The Big Break.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[{"content":"Flora Febrianindya \"[https://web.archive.org/web/20130106171707/http://food.detik.com/read/2012/11/10/094943/2087906/294/kompetisi-the-big-break-segera-tayang-di-asian-food-channel Kompetisi The Big Break Segera Tayang di Asian Food Channel].\" Retrieved on 4 Mei 2013.","char_index":123,"name":"DetikFoodTBB","url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20130106171707/http://food.detik.com/read/2012/11/10/094943/2087906/294/kompetisi-the-big-break-segera-tayang-di-asian-food-channel","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:29.900156-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Duta in-flight Meal Air Asia","translated_text":"Ambassador in-flight Meal Air Asia","level":3,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Pada tahun yang sama, Farah Quinn didapuk menjadi duta in-flight meal maskapai penerbangan Air Asia Indonesia.","translated_text":"In the same year, Farah Quinn was appointed as an in-flight meal ambassador for Air Asia Indonesia.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Sebagai duta in-flight meal, Farah akan menyajikan beragam kuliner khas Indonesia untuk penumpang.","translated_text":"As an in-flight meal ambassador, Farah will serve a variety of Indonesian cuisines to passengers.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Ia dikontrak selama satu tahun","translated_text":"He's got a one-year contract.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[{"content":"Mauludi Rismoyo \"[https://web.archive.org/web/20140328091610/http://hot.detik.com/read/2012/11/09/141053/2087212/230/farah-quinn-jadi-duta-in-flight-meal-air-asia-indonesia Farah Quinn Jadi Duta In-Flight Meal Air Asia Indonesia].\" Retrieved on 4 Mei 2013.","char_index":30,"name":"DetikHotAirAsia","url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20140328091610/http://hot.detik.com/read/2012/11/09/141053/2087212/230/farah-quinn-jadi-duta-in-flight-meal-air-asia-indonesia","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:29.968755-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Acara TV","translated_text":"TV shows","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Ala Chef (Trans TV) with Farah Quinn (Trans TV) Queen at Home With Tupperware (NET.)","translated_text":"Ala Chef with Farah Quinn Queen at Home with Tupperware.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Top Chef Indonesia (SCTV) Food & Fashion (Trans TV)","translated_text":"Top Chef Indonesia (SCTV) Food and Fashion (Trans TV)","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Filmografi","translated_text":"Filmography","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"heading","text":"Film","translated_text":"The movie","level":3,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"table","content":"{| class=\"wikitable\"\n|-\n! Tahun\n! Judul\n! Peran\n! Keterangan\n|-\n| 2018\n| ''[[Partikelir]]\n| Mamah muda\n| \n|}"},{"type":"heading","text":"Penghargaan","translated_text":"The Award","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Panasonic Gobel Awards 2013 untuk kategori Presenter Hobi & Gaya Hidup Terfavorit","translated_text":"Panasonic Gobel Awards 2013 for the category of Favorite Hobby and Lifestyle Presenter","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Referensi","translated_text":"References","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"heading","text":"Pranala luar","translated_text":"External connections","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Profil di Yahoo Situs web resmi Farah Quinn","translated_text":"Profile on Yahoo The official website of Farah Quinn","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100621071439/http://id.omg.yahoo.com/celebrity/local/profile/205/farah-quinn |date=2010-06-21 }}","char_index":16,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20100621071439/http://id.omg.yahoo.com/celebrity/local/profile/205/farah-quinn","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:30.037181-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20130216010300/http://www.farahquinn.com/ |date=2013-02-16 }}","char_index":43,"name":null,"url":"https://archive.today/20130216010300/http://www.farahquinn.com/","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":55424,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:30.106715-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":"Text is too short (66 words)","source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kategori:Juru masak Indonesia Kategori:Tokoh dari Bandung Kategori:Tokoh Jawa Barat Kategori:Tokoh Jawa","translated_text":"Category:Indonesian chefs Category:People from Bandung Category:People from West Java Category:People from Java","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[{"text":"Jurusan yang sebenarnya tak ingin ia masuki, ia lebih suka mempelajari resep masakan ketimbang belajar ekonomi. Tapi saat itu, wanita berkulit kecokelatan ini yakin, keinginannya pasti akan ditentang oleh sang ayah. Karena itulah Farah memutuskan untuk mengambil jurusan tersebut.","translated_text":"The major really doesn't want him in, he prefers to study recipes to economics. But then, this brown-skinned woman was sure that her desire would be resisted by her father. That's why Farah decided to take the major.","citations":[{"content":"Muhammad Solihin \"[https://web.archive.org/web/20150122205946/http://farah-quinn.artis.life.viva.co.id/ Viva Life: Farah Quinn].\" Retrieved on 4 Mei 2013.","char_index":280,"name":"VivaLife","url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20150122205946/http://farah-quinn.artis.life.viva.co.id/","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:29.830185-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Dalam kompetisi masak ini, penilaian dilakukan oleh dua orang juri yaitu Farah Quinn, celebrity chef dari Indonesia, dan juga Executive Chef Resort World Sentosa, Alan Orreal. Keduanya juga menjadi mentor para peserta dalam kompetisi The Big Break. Mereka juga dibantu oleh tim F&B dari Resorts World Sentosa yang juga ambil bagian dalam penyelenggaraan The Big Break ini.","translated_text":"In this cooking competition, the judging was done by two judges: Farah Quinn, celebrity chef from Indonesia, and also Executive Chef Resort World Sentosa, Alan Orreal. Both also mentored participants in The Big Break competition. They were also assisted by the F&B team from Resorts World Sentosa who also took part in the hosting of The Big Break.","citations":[{"content":"Flora Febrianindya \"[https://web.archive.org/web/20130106171707/http://food.detik.com/read/2012/11/10/094943/2087906/294/kompetisi-the-big-break-segera-tayang-di-asian-food-channel Kompetisi The Big Break Segera Tayang di Asian Food Channel].\" Retrieved on 4 Mei 2013.","char_index":372,"name":"DetikFoodTBB","url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20130106171707/http://food.detik.com/read/2012/11/10/094943/2087906/294/kompetisi-the-big-break-segera-tayang-di-asian-food-channel","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:29.900156-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Pada tahun yang sama, Farah Quinn didapuk menjadi duta in-flight meal maskapai penerbangan Air Asia Indonesia. Sebagai duta in-flight meal, Farah akan menyajikan beragam kuliner khas Indonesia untuk penumpang. Ia dikontrak selama satu tahun","translated_text":"In the same year, Farah Quinn was appointed as an in-flight meal ambassador for Air Asia Indonesia. As an in-flight meal ambassador, Farah will serve a variety of Indonesian cuisines to passengers. He's got a one-year contract.","citations":[{"content":"Mauludi Rismoyo \"[https://web.archive.org/web/20140328091610/http://hot.detik.com/read/2012/11/09/141053/2087212/230/farah-quinn-jadi-duta-in-flight-meal-air-asia-indonesia Farah Quinn Jadi Duta In-Flight Meal Air Asia Indonesia].\" Retrieved on 4 Mei 2013.","char_index":240,"name":"DetikHotAirAsia","url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20140328091610/http://hot.detik.com/read/2012/11/09/141053/2087212/230/farah-quinn-jadi-duta-in-flight-meal-air-asia-indonesia","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:29.968755-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Profil di Yahoo Situs web resmi Farah Quinn","translated_text":"Profile on Yahoo The official website of Farah Quinn","citations":[{"content":"{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100621071439/http://id.omg.yahoo.com/celebrity/local/profile/205/farah-quinn |date=2010-06-21 }}","char_index":16,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20100621071439/http://id.omg.yahoo.com/celebrity/local/profile/205/farah-quinn","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:30.037181-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20130216010300/http://www.farahquinn.com/ |date=2013-02-16 }}","char_index":43,"name":null,"url":"https://archive.today/20130216010300/http://www.farahquinn.com/","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":55424,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:30.106715-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":"Text is too short (66 words)","source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]}]} +{"title":"Mary, Turkmenistan","wikicode":"{{Infobox settlement\n|settlement_type = [[Kota]]\n|official_name = Mary\n|native_name =\n|image_skyline = Mervturkmenistan.jpg\n|imagesize = 300px\n|image_caption =Situ Kota tua [[Merv]] \n|image_flag = \n|image_seal = \n|image_map = \n|map_caption = \n|pushpin_map = Turkmenistan\n|pushpin_label_position =bottom\n|pushpin_mapsize = 300\n|pushpin_map_caption =Lokasi di Turkmenistan\n|coordinates_region = TM\n|subdivision_type = [[Negara di dunia|Negara]]\n|subdivision_type1 = [[Provinsi di Turkmenistan|Provinsi]]\n|subdivision_name = [[Berkas:Flag of Turkmenistan.svg|25px]] [[Turkmenistan]]\n|subdivision_name1 = [[Provinsi Mary]]\n|subdivision_type2 = \n|subdivision_name2 = \n|established_title = \n|established_date =\n|government_type = \n|leader_title = \n|leader_name = \n|area_magnitude = \n|area_total_sq_mi =\n|area_total_km2 = \n|area_land_sq_mi =\n|area_land_km2 = \n|area_urban_sq_mi = \n|area_urban_km2 = \n|area_metro_km2 = \n|area_metro_sq_mi = \n|population_as_of= 1989 census\n|population_footnotes = [http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/sng89_reg2.php Population census 1989], ''Demoscope Weekly'', No. 359-360, 1–18 January 2009 (search for Туркменская ССР) {{ru icon}}\n|population_total = 92,290\n|population_urban = \n|population_metro =\n|population_density_sq_mi = \n|population_density_km2 =\n|timezone = \n|utc_offset = \n|timezone_DST =\n|utc_offset_DST = \n|latd=37|latm=36|lats=|latNS=N\n|longd=61|longm=50|longs=|longEW=E\n|elevation_footnotes=\n|elevation_m = \n|elevation_ft = \n|postal_code_type = \n|postal_code = \n|area_code = \n|website = \n|footnotes =\n}}\n'''Mary''' merupakan sebuah kota yang terletak di tenggara [[Turkmenistan]] dan merupakan ibu kota [[Provinsi Mary]]. Kota ini sebelumnya bernama [[Merv]], ''Meru'' dan [[Margiana]]. Pada tahun 1999, kota ini berpenduduk sekitar 123.000 jiwa berdasarkan sensus yang dilakukan.\n\n== Geografi ==\nSeperti kota-kota lainnya di [[Turkmenistan]], Mary juga terletak di daerah gurun pasir dan kota ini merupakan [[oase]] di tengah panas dan kering gurun [[Karakum]]. Kota ini terletak di sekitar sungai [[Moghrab]].\n\n== Sejarah ==\n=== Kota Tua Merv ===\nMerv merupakan kota tua yang terletak di [[Jalur Sutra]]\n\n=== Sejarah Modern ===\nPada tahun 1884, [[Kekaisaran Rusia]] menguasai oase Merv sehingga memicu terjadinya [[Insiden Panjdeh]] antara pasukan Afghanistan dengan [[Tentara Kekaisaran Rusia]]. Setelah berhasil menguasai kota ini, [[Kekaisaran Rusia]] segera membangun pendudukan modern dan menjadikan kota ini sebagai basis Militer Rusia dan pos administrasi Rusia.\n\nPada masa [[Uni Soviet]], kota ini dijadikan sebagai pusat produksi [[kapas]] dengan menggunakan irigasi buatan. Pada tahun 1968, pemerintah [[Uni Soviet]] berhasil menemukan cadangan besar [[gas alam]] di sebelah barat kota ini.\n\n== Ekonomi ==\nMary merupakan kota keempat terbesar di [[Turkmenistan]] dan merupakan pusat industri terbesar untuk industri [[gas alam]] dan industri [[kapas]] yang merupakan produk ekspor unggulan Turkmenistan.\n\n== Kota kembar ==\n* {{flagicon|Turki}} [[Istanbul]], [[Turki]]\n* {{flagicon|Arab Saudi}} [[Jeddah]], [[Arab Saudi]]\n\n== Rujukan ==\n{{reflist}}\n{{Kota di Turkmenistan}}\n\n[[Kategori:Permukiman di Turkmenistan]]\n[[Kategori:Kota di Turkmenistan]]\n[[Kategori:Provinsi Mary]]\n\n\n{{Turkmenistan-geo-stub}}","hash":"13e58819ccde8916225e5eba705100b6827f85794234d3ac966ecbfd46cc6d90","last_revision":"2022-12-15T17:36:46Z","first_revision":"2010-07-14T08:20:10Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:04.646574","cross_lingual_links":{"ar":"ماري (تركمانستان)","arz":"مارى (مدينه فى ولايه مارى)","az":"Marı","ba":"Мары","be":"Мары (горад)","bg":"Мари","ca":"Mary (Turkmenistan)","ce":"Мары","ceb":"Mary (kapital sa lalawigan)","cs":"Mary (Turkmenistán)","cv":"Мары","de":"Mary (Turkmenistan)","el":"Μαρύ","en":"Mary, Turkmenistan","eo":"Mary (Turkmenio)","es":"Mary (Turkmenistán)","et":"Mary (Türkmenistan)","eu":"Mary (Turkmenistan)","fa":"مرو","fi":"Mary (Turkmenistan)","fr":"Mary (ville)","he":"מרי (טורקמניסטן)","hi":"मरी, तुर्कमेनिस्तान","hsb":"Mary (Turkmenistan)","hu":"Mary (Türkmenisztán)","it":"Mary (Turkmenistan)","ja":"マル (トルクメニスタン)","ka":"მარი (თურქმენეთი)","kk":"Мары","ko":"마리 (투르크메니스탄)","ky":"Мары шаары","la":"Margiana","lmo":"Mary (Turkmenistan)","lt":"Maras (Turkmėnija)","lv":"Mari","mdf":"Мары","nl":"Mary (Turkmenistan)","nb":"Mary (Turkmenistan)","pa":"ਮਰੀ, ਤੁਰਕਮੇਨਿਸਤਾਨ","pl":"Mary (Turkmenistan)","pnb":"مرو","pt":"Mary (Turcomenistão)","ro":"Mary (oraș)","ru":"Мары","sco":"Mary, Turkmenistan","sq":"Mary","sr":"Мари (Туркменистан)","sv":"Mary (stad)","szl":"Mary (miasto)","ta":"மாரி, துருக்குமனித்தான்","tg":"Мари","th":"มารือ (เติร์กเมนิสถาน)","tk":"Mary","tr":"Merv (şehir)","tt":"Мары","uk":"Мари","ur":"ماری، ترکمانستان","uz":"Mari","vep":"Mari","vi":"Mary, Turkmenistan","war":"Mary, Turkmenistan","wuu":"马雷（城市）","xmf":"მარი (თურქმენეთი)","zh":"马雷 (城市)"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:49.646268","text":"Mary merupakan sebuah kota yang terletak di tenggara Turkmenistan dan merupakan ibu kota Provinsi Mary. Kota ini sebelumnya bernama Merv, Meru dan Margiana. Pada tahun 1999, kota ini berpenduduk sekitar 123.000 jiwa berdasarkan sensus yang dilakukan.\n\nSeperti kota-kota lainnya di Turkmenistan, Mary juga terletak di daerah gurun pasir dan kota ini merupakan oase di tengah panas dan kering gurun Karakum. Kota ini terletak di sekitar sungai Moghrab.\n\nMerv merupakan kota tua yang terletak di Jalur Sutra\n\nPada tahun 1884, Kekaisaran Rusia menguasai oase Merv sehingga memicu terjadinya Insiden Panjdeh antara pasukan Afghanistan dengan Tentara Kekaisaran Rusia. Setelah berhasil menguasai kota ini, Kekaisaran Rusia segera membangun pendudukan modern dan menjadikan kota ini sebagai basis Militer Rusia dan pos administrasi Rusia.\n\nPada masa Uni Soviet, kota ini dijadikan sebagai pusat produksi kapas dengan menggunakan irigasi buatan. Pada tahun 1968, pemerintah Uni Soviet berhasil menemukan cadangan besar gas alam di sebelah barat kota ini.\n\nMary merupakan kota keempat terbesar di Turkmenistan dan merupakan pusat industri terbesar untuk industri gas alam dan industri kapas yang merupakan produk ekspor unggulan Turkmenistan.\n\nIstanbul, Turki Jeddah, Arab Saudi\n\nKategori:Permukiman di Turkmenistan Kategori:Kota di Turkmenistan Kategori:Provinsi Mary\n","elements":[{"type":"infobox","content":"{{Infobox settlement\n|settlement_type = [[Kota]]\n|official_name = Mary\n|native_name =\n|image_skyline = Mervturkmenistan.jpg\n|imagesize = 300px\n|image_caption =Situ Kota tua [[Merv]] \n|image_flag = \n|image_seal = \n|image_map = \n|map_caption = \n|pushpin_map = Turkmenistan\n|pushpin_label_position =bottom\n|pushpin_mapsize = 300\n|pushpin_map_caption =Lokasi di Turkmenistan\n|coordinates_region = TM\n|subdivision_type = [[Negara di dunia|Negara]]\n|subdivision_type1 = [[Provinsi di Turkmenistan|Provinsi]]\n|subdivision_name = [[Berkas:Flag of Turkmenistan.svg|25px]] [[Turkmenistan]]\n|subdivision_name1 = [[Provinsi Mary]]\n|subdivision_type2 = \n|subdivision_name2 = \n|established_title = \n|established_date =\n|government_type = \n|leader_title = \n|leader_name = \n|area_magnitude = \n|area_total_sq_mi =\n|area_total_km2 = \n|area_land_sq_mi =\n|area_land_km2 = \n|area_urban_sq_mi = \n|area_urban_km2 = \n|area_metro_km2 = \n|area_metro_sq_mi = \n|population_as_of= 1989 census\n|population_footnotes = [http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/sng89_reg2.php Population census 1989], ''Demoscope Weekly'', No. 359-360, 1–18 January 2009 (search for Туркменская ССР) {{ru icon}}\n|population_total = 92,290\n|population_urban = \n|population_metro =\n|population_density_sq_mi = \n|population_density_km2 =\n|timezone = \n|utc_offset = \n|timezone_DST =\n|utc_offset_DST = \n|latd=37|latm=36|lats=|latNS=N\n|longd=61|longm=50|longs=|longEW=E\n|elevation_footnotes=\n|elevation_m = \n|elevation_ft = \n|postal_code_type = \n|postal_code = \n|area_code = \n|website = \n|footnotes =\n}}"},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Mary merupakan sebuah kota yang terletak di tenggara Turkmenistan dan merupakan ibu kota Provinsi Mary.","translated_text":"Mary is a city located in southeastern Turkmenistan and is the capital of Mary Province.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Kota ini sebelumnya bernama Merv, Meru dan Margiana.","translated_text":"The city was formerly known as Merv, Meru and Margiana.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pada tahun 1999, kota ini berpenduduk sekitar 123.000 jiwa berdasarkan sensus yang dilakukan.","translated_text":"In 1999, the city had a population of about 123,000 according to the census.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Geografi","translated_text":"Geography","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Seperti kota-kota lainnya di Turkmenistan, Mary juga terletak di daerah gurun pasir dan kota ini merupakan oase di tengah panas dan kering gurun Karakum.","translated_text":"Like other cities in Turkmenistan, Mary is also located in a desert area and the city is an oasis in the middle of the hot, dry Karakum desert.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Kota ini terletak di sekitar sungai Moghrab.","translated_text":"The city is located around the Moghrab River.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Sejarah","translated_text":"The history","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"heading","text":"Kota Tua Merv","translated_text":"The Old City of Merv","level":3,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Merv merupakan kota tua yang terletak di Jalur Sutra","translated_text":"Merv is an ancient city located on the Silk Road","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Sejarah Modern","translated_text":"Modern history","level":3,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Pada tahun 1884, Kekaisaran Rusia menguasai oase Merv sehingga memicu terjadinya Insiden Panjdeh antara pasukan Afghanistan dengan Tentara Kekaisaran Rusia.","translated_text":"In 1884, the Russian Empire seized control of the Merv oasis, triggering the Panjdeh Incident between Afghan forces and the Russian Imperial Army.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Setelah berhasil menguasai kota ini, Kekaisaran Rusia segera membangun pendudukan modern dan menjadikan kota ini sebagai basis Militer Rusia dan pos administrasi Rusia.","translated_text":"After successfully capturing the city, the Russian Empire soon established a modern occupation and made it a Russian Military base and administrative post of Russia.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Pada masa Uni Soviet, kota ini dijadikan sebagai pusat produksi kapas dengan menggunakan irigasi buatan.","translated_text":"In Soviet times, the city was used as a center for cotton production using artificial irrigation.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pada tahun 1968, pemerintah Uni Soviet berhasil menemukan cadangan besar gas alam di sebelah barat kota ini.","translated_text":"In 1968, the government of the Soviet Union succeeded in discovering large reserves of natural gas in the western part of the city.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Ekonomi","translated_text":"The economy","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Mary merupakan kota keempat terbesar di Turkmenistan dan merupakan pusat industri terbesar untuk industri gas alam dan industri kapas yang merupakan produk ekspor unggulan Turkmenistan.","translated_text":"Mary is the fourth largest city in Turkmenistan and is the largest industrial center for the natural gas industry and the cotton industry which is Turkmenistan's flagship export product.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Kota kembar","translated_text":"The Twin Cities","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Istanbul, Turki Jeddah, Arab Saudi","translated_text":"Located in Istanbul, Turkey Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Rujukan","translated_text":"References","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kategori:Permukiman di Turkmenistan Kategori:Kota di Turkmenistan Kategori:Provinsi Mary","translated_text":"List of cities and towns in Turkmenistan","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Kategori:Jeolla Utara","wikicode":"[[Kategori:Provinsi di Korea Selatan]]","hash":"a1705d1e750e128c09b82291548ec921eff60f76c19006032bb425f76b9c1758","last_revision":"2010-09-30T15:59:11Z","first_revision":"2010-07-14T08:22:08Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:04.703804","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"Kategori:Provinsi di Korea Selatan\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kategori:Provinsi di Korea Selatan","translated_text":"Category:Provinces in South Korea","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Wikipedia:TUTOR","wikicode":"#ALIH[[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]","hash":"a2656e685ed2b156e492c4cdbd82989b39423e389baab13e532fdf2f65d60f0c","last_revision":"2023-11-28T12:16:02Z","first_revision":"2010-07-14T08:26:55Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:04.759148","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIHWikipedia:Tutorial\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIHWikipedia:Tutorial","translated_text":"Wikipedia:Tutorial","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Cholik","wikicode":"#ALIH [[Cholik Syahmari]]","hash":"dc7e7b73bfa72c3ed3fee6b63b266d55f52a951ba362b7794fc942d9e55f9ef3","last_revision":"2010-07-14T08:33:21Z","first_revision":"2010-07-14T08:33:21Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:04.814038","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH Cholik Syahmari\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH Cholik Syahmari","translated_text":"Cholik Syahmari","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Edimmu","wikicode":"{{Mitos Mesopotamia|expanded=6}}\n'''Edimmu''', [http://books.google.ca/books?id=koLbpa-tk_oC&pg=PA56&vq=ekimmu&dq=ekimmu+seven+babylonian&lr=&sig=DvpgrQTm-lImvn2Ewd3CNqUjDDQ atau '''ekimmu'''], adalah sejenis [[utukku]] dalam [[mitologi Sumeria]]. Edimmu disebut sebagai [[hantu]] dari orang-orang yang tidak dikubur secara layak. Edimmu dipercaya sebagai makhluk jahat dan mampu merasuki manusia jika ada yang meremehkan [[tabu]] tertentu, misalnyya memakan daging [[lembu]]. Edimmu dipercaya mampu menyebabkan penyakit dan memicu tindakan kriminal dalam kehidupan, tetapi kadang-kadang bisa ditenangkan dengan persembahan makanan dan minuman. Edimmu juga tidak memiliki wujud fisik dan berbentuk arwah \"angin\" yang menyedot energi kehidupan dari orang yang sedang tidur (terutama anak muda). Orang yang sedang diserang Edimmu akan mengalami gejala tertentu. Tiap orang berbeda-beda tetapi gejala yang umum adalah tiba-tiba menjadi pening dan pusing, tiba-tiba tubuh menjadi mati rasa, serta sensasi seperti sedang diraba-raba, digaruk, ditusuk atau digesek-gesek.\n\n[[Kategori:Mayat hidup]]\n[[Kategori:Hantu]]","hash":"ee9902578e9ac78223bd1bbe1174117ed7809a648613424f178554e0a3f40d5c","last_revision":"2021-11-23T03:47:55Z","first_revision":"2010-07-14T08:51:30Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:04.878461","cross_lingual_links":{"ar":"إيديمو","en":"Edimmu","es":"Edimmu","fa":"ادیمو","it":"Ekimmu","ru":"Эдимму","tr":"Edimmu","zh":"埃提姆"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:49.646268","text":"Edimmu, atau ekimmu, adalah sejenis utukku dalam mitologi Sumeria. Edimmu disebut sebagai hantu dari orang-orang yang tidak dikubur secara layak. Edimmu dipercaya sebagai makhluk jahat dan mampu merasuki manusia jika ada yang meremehkan tabu tertentu, misalnyya memakan daging lembu. Edimmu dipercaya mampu menyebabkan penyakit dan memicu tindakan kriminal dalam kehidupan, tetapi kadang-kadang bisa ditenangkan dengan persembahan makanan dan minuman. Edimmu juga tidak memiliki wujud fisik dan berbentuk arwah \"angin\" yang menyedot energi kehidupan dari orang yang sedang tidur (terutama anak muda). Orang yang sedang diserang Edimmu akan mengalami gejala tertentu. Tiap orang berbeda-beda tetapi gejala yang umum adalah tiba-tiba menjadi pening dan pusing, tiba-tiba tubuh menjadi mati rasa, serta sensasi seperti sedang diraba-raba, digaruk, ditusuk atau digesek-gesek.\n\nKategori:Mayat hidup Kategori:Hantu\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Edimmu, atau ekimmu, adalah sejenis utukku dalam mitologi Sumeria.","translated_text":"Your edim, or your ekim, is a kind of myth in Sumerian mythology.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Edimmu disebut sebagai hantu dari orang-orang yang tidak dikubur secara layak.","translated_text":"Your edim are called the ghosts of those who are not properly buried.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Edimmu dipercaya sebagai makhluk jahat dan mampu merasuki manusia jika ada yang meremehkan tabu tertentu, misalnyya memakan daging lembu.","translated_text":"Your edim are believed to be evil creatures capable of invading humans if someone underestimates a certain taboo, such as eating beef.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Edimmu dipercaya mampu menyebabkan penyakit dan memicu tindakan kriminal dalam kehidupan, tetapi kadang-kadang bisa ditenangkan dengan persembahan makanan dan minuman.","translated_text":"Your edema is believed to be capable of causing disease and triggering criminal acts in life, but it can sometimes be appeased by the offering of food and drink.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Edimmu juga tidak memiliki wujud fisik dan berbentuk arwah \"angin\" yang menyedot energi kehidupan dari orang yang sedang tidur (terutama anak muda).","translated_text":"Nor does your edim have a physical form and a \"wind\" spirit that sucks the life energy out of sleeping people (especially young people).","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Orang yang sedang diserang Edimmu akan mengalami gejala tertentu.","translated_text":"The person who is being attacked by your Edim will experience certain symptoms.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Tiap orang berbeda-beda tetapi gejala yang umum adalah tiba-tiba menjadi pening dan pusing, tiba-tiba tubuh menjadi mati rasa, serta sensasi seperti sedang diraba-raba, digaruk, ditusuk atau digesek-gesek.","translated_text":"Everyone is different but common symptoms include sudden dizziness and dizziness, sudden numbness, and the sensation of being rubbed, scratched, stung, or shaken.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kategori","translated_text":"Categories","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":":Mayat hidup Kategori:Hantu","translated_text":"The living dead Category:Ghosts","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Ekspedisi Sumatra Pertama","wikicode":"{{Infobox military conflict\n| conflict = Ekspedisi Sumatra Pertama\n| image = [[Berkas:First attack on quallah battoo.jpg|300px]]\n| caption = ''Infanteri A.S. menyerang benteng Aceh di Kuala Batee pada tahun 1832''\n| partof = [[Ekspedisi Sumatra]]\n| date = 6–9 Februari 1832\n| place = [[Kuala Batee, Aceh Barat Daya|Kuala Batee]], [[Aceh]], [[Hindia Belanda]]\n| result = Kemenangan Amerika Serikat\n| combatant1 = {{flagicon|Amerika Serikat|1795}} [[Amerika Serikat]]
{{flag|Belanda}}\n| combatant2 = Tetua Kuala Batee\n| commander1 = {{flagicon image|US Naval Jack 24 stars.svg}} [[Komodor]] [[John Downes]]
{{flagicon image|Naval Jack of the Netherlands.svg}} [[Gubernur Jenderal Hindia Belanda|Gubernur Jenderal]] [[Johannes van den Bosch]]\n| commander2 = [[Raja]] [[Poh Muhammad]]\n| strength1 = '''Darat:'''
282 prajurit
'''Laut:'''
1 [[pergata]]\n| strength2 = '''Darat:'''
~500 [[pejuang]]
5 [[benteng]]
'''Laut:'''
3 [[perahu]]\n| casualties1=2 tewas
11 terluka\n| casualties2 = ~450 tewas atau terluka
5 benteng hancur
3 perahu tenggelam\n| campaignbox = \n{{Kotak Kampanye Ekspedisi Sumatra}}\n}}\n{{untuk|serangan lainnya|Ekspedisi Sumatra}}\n'''Ekspedisi Sumatra Pertama''' yang mencakup '''Pertempuran Quallah Battoo''' atau '''Kuala Batee''' adalah [[ekspedisi balasan]] terhadap [[desa]] [[Kuala Batee, Aceh Barat Daya|Kuala Batee]] (kini bagian dari [[Kabupaten Aceh Barat Daya]]) oleh [[USS Potomac (1822)|USS ''Potomac'']] yang pecah pada tahun 1832. Pembalasan tersebut terjadi sebagai jawaban atas pembajakan dan pembantaian [[anak buah kapal]] ''[[Friendship (1830-an)|Friendship]]'' setahun sebelumnya. ''Potomac'' dan ABK-nya mengalahkan angkatan penguasa setempat dan membombardir permukiman. Ekspedisi tersebut berhasil menghentikan serangan atas kapal-kapal Amerika Serikat selama 6 tahun hingga akhirnya ada kapal lain yang dibajak yang menyebabkan diluncurkannya [[Serangan Amerika Serikat ke Kuala Batee (1838-1839)|ekspedisi berikutnya]] pada tahun [[1838]].\n\n== Latar belakang ==\n[[Pulau Sumatra]] dikenal sebagai produsen lada hitam berkualitas tinggi, dan sepanjang sejarah sejumlah kapal telah datang ke pulau ini untuk membelinya. Pada tahun [[1831]], kapal ''[[Friendship (1830-an)|Friendship]]'' di bawah [[Kapten]] Charles Endicott tiba di Kuala Batee untuk mendapatkan 1 [[kargo]] [[lada hitam]]. Sejumlah perahu dagang berlayar cepat sepanjang pantai untuk berdagang dengan kapal dagang yang menunggu lepas pantai. Pada tanggal [[7 Februari]] 1831, Endicott dan beberapa awak kapal lain menuju pantai untuk membeli beberapa [[lada]] dari penduduk asli saat 3 [[perahu]] menyerang [[kapal]]nya, membunuh perwira satu ''Friendship'' dan 2 ABK lainnya, dan menjarah kargonya.Meacham, 213\n\nEndicott dan ABK lainnya berusaha melarikan diri ke pelabuhan lain berkat bantuan tetua setempat bernama Poh Adam yang bersahabat. Di sana, mereka memperoleh bantuan 3 kapten kapal dagang lainnya yang setuju memulihkan kapalnya. Dengan bantuan mereka, Endicott mencoba mendapatkan kapalnya kembali dan akhirnya berlayar kembali ke [[Salem, Massachusetts]]. Begitu sampai [[Salem (Massachusetts)|Salem]], kegemparan massa atas pembantaian itu meluas dan untuk menanggapinya, [[Presiden Amerika Serikat|Presiden]] [[Andrew Jackson]] mengirimkan kapal USS ''Potomac'' di bawah [[Komodor]] [[John Downes (perwira angkatan laut)|John Downes]] untuk menghukum penduduk Kuala Batee atas kejadian itu.Warriner, 104\n\n== Pertempuran ==\n''Potomac'' tiba di Kuala Batee pada tanggal [[5 Februari]] 1832. Di sana, Downes bertemu Poh Adam yang mengatakan bahwa penguasa setempat sama sekali tidak mau membayar ganti rugi atas serangan ke ''Friendship''. Komodor Downes kemudian memutuskan menyamarkan kapalnya sebagai [[kapal dagang]] [[Denmark]] agar tak dikenal oleh penduduk sekitar. Penyamaran itu berlangsung mulus sampai-sampai ketika beberapa penduduk sekitar menaiki ''Potomac'' untuk menjual sekargo lada, mereka ditahan mendadak agar penduduk Kuala Batee tidak sadar ada kapal [[Amerika Serikat]] yang mempersiapkan pembalasan. Downes kemudian mengirim sekelompok pengintai ke pelabuhan, tetapi berhasil diusir oleh penduduk setempat.Corn, 294 Di samping 3 kapal di pelabuhan, 5 [[benteng]] diketahui mengawal kota dekat pesisir.Corn, 295\n\nDownes memerintahkan 1 [[detasemen]] dari 282 [[Korps marinir Amerika Serikat|marinir]] dan [[nakhoda]] ke perahu kapal, yang beberapa dari perahu itu sudah dilengkapi dengan meriam ringan. Dari perahu itulah, para nakhoda dan marinir ''Potomac'' membakar kapal-kapal Aceh di pelabuhan Kuala Batee dan menyerang benteng kota sementara bantuan dari senapan-senapan ''Potomac'' sendiri digunakan untuk membalas tembakan dari benteng Kuala Batee. Senapan modern yang digunakan AS jauh lebih baik dibandingkan dengan senapan [[kunci korek]] milik lawan yang sudah ketinggalan zaman, tetapi penduduk berperang dengan sengit dan pertempuran bergeser ke pertarungan tangan di mana salah satu raja yang menguasai benteng terbunuh bersama 150 jawara lainnya.Warriner, 94 Di pihak AS, hanya 2 yang tewas selama serangan dan 11 nakhoda dan marinir lainnya luka-luka.{{Cite web |url=http://www.history.navy.mil/faqs/faq56-1.htm |title=Salinan arsip |access-date=2010-07-14 |archive-date=2007-06-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070605234857/http://www.history.navy.mil/faqs/faq56-1.htm |dead-url=yes }}\n\nSetelah benteng pesisir tersebut jatuh, musuh yang tersisa melarikan diri ke pedalaman yang di situ ada benteng lain, tetapi alih-alih menggunakan benteng yang tersisa tersebut, AS menyerang kota itu sendiri. Perampokan dan penjarahan skala besar terjadi hampir di seantero kota disertai dengan banyaknya penduduk yang terbunuh. Downes kemudian memerintahkan anak buahnya kembali ke kapal dan mengebom benteng ke-5 dan juga kota itu sendiri hingga pimpinannya yang selamat setuju untuk menyerah. Serangan tersebut memakan korban 300 penduduk lainnya.http://www.sabrizain.org/malaya/potomac.htm\n\n== Buntut kejadian ==\nPenguasa yang tersisa meminta ampun dan Downes berkata bahwa jika ada kapal AS lain yang diserang lagi, tindakan yang sama akan dijalankan terhadap pelakunya. Penguasa lain dari wilayah sekitarnya juga mengirim delegasi ke kapal itu dan meminta dengan sangat agar mereka tidak diperlakukan sama seperti Kuala Batee. Downes meninggalkan daerah itu untuk melanjutkan perjalanannya mengitari [[Bumi]], berhenti di [[Hawaii]] dan menghibur raja dan ratu di sana di atas kapalnya.\n\nMeskipun muncul kritikan dari publik AS bahwa Downes tak mencoba berunding dengan penguasa Kuala Batee secara damai, publik merasa puas dengan tanggapan tersebut dan tidak ada tindakan lanjutan dilakukan terhadapnya.Johnson, 44 Masalah dengan Kuala Batee tidak selesai dan pada tahun 1838 kapal lain dijarah dan menyerang Muka.{{Cite web |url=http://www.history.navy.mil/wars/foabroad.htm |title=Salinan arsip |access-date=2010-07-14 |archive-date=2010-09-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100910042906/http://www.history.navy.mil/wars/foabroad.htm |dead-url=yes }}\n\n== Rujukan ==\n{{Reflist}}\n\n== Bacaan ==\n* {{cite book\n|last = Corn\n|first = Charles\n|authorlink = Charles Corn\n|coauthors = \n|title = The scents of Eden: a history of the spice trade \n|publisher = Kodansha America\n|year = 1999\n|location = New York\n|pages = \n|url = http://books.google.com/books?id=8oEHVFx6YD0C&pg=PA292&dq=freindship+downes+potomac&lr=&cd=60#v=onepage&q=&f=false\n|doi = \n|id = \n|isbn =1568362498}}\n* {{cite book\n|last = Johnson\n|first = Robert Erwin\n|authorlink = Robert Erwin Johnson\n|coauthors = \n|title = Thence round Cape Horn \n|publisher = Ayer Publishing\n|year = 1980\n|location = New York\n|pages = \n|url = http://books.google.com/books?id=NWFB_bYfnw0C&pg=PA43&dq=freindship+downes+potomac&lr=&cd=13#v=onepage&q=&f=false\n|doi = \n|id = \n|isbn = 0405130406}}\n* {{cite book\n|last = Meacham\n|first = Jon\n|authorlink = Jon Meacham\n|coauthors = \n|title = American lion: Andrew Jackson in the White House \n|publisher = Random House\n|year = 2008\n|location = New York\n|pages = \n|url = http://books.google.com/books?id=FYFsufPTrnEC&dq=friendship+potomac&lr=&source=gbs_navlinks_s\n|doi = \n|id = \n|isbn = 1400063256}}\n* {{cite book\n|last = Warriner\n|first = Francis\n|authorlink = Francis Warriner\n|coauthors = \n|title = Cruise of the United States frigate Potomac round the world: during the years 1831-34 \n|publisher = Leavitt, Lord & Co.\n|year = 1835\n|location = New York\n|pages = \n|url = http://books.google.com/books?id=1ckCAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA111&lpg=PA111&dq=quallah+battoo&source=web&ots=1rS4K4l2SS&sig=T5cVh6oqOwNiHnWHy7G72CVwuWU&hl=en\n|doi = \n|id = \n|isbn = }}\n\n== Pranala luar ==\n* [http://atjehpost.com/articles/read/210/6-Februari-1832-Gun-Boat-Diplomacy-Amerika-di-Kuala-Batee 6 Februari 1832; Gun Boat Diplomacy Amerika di Kuala Batee] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140208032636/http://atjehpost.com/articles/read/210/6-Februari-1832-Gun-Boat-Diplomacy-Amerika-di-Kuala-Batee |date=2014-02-08 }}\n* http://www.history.navy.mil/library/online/naval_infantry_app.htm {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080325234052/http://www.history.navy.mil/library/online/naval_infantry_app.htm |date=2008-03-25 }}\n* http://www.history.navy.mil/danfs/p10/potomac-i.htm {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100708000228/http://www.history.navy.mil/danfs/p10/potomac-i.htm |date=2010-07-08 }}\n* http://iskandarnorman.multiply.com/reviews/item/7{{Pranala mati|date=Maret 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}\n\n{{Lembaran hitam Nusantara}}\n{{coord missing}}\n\n[[Kategori:Perang yang melibatkan Amerika Serikat]]\n[[Kategori:Sejarah Aceh]]\n[[Kategori:1832]]\n[[Kategori:Perang Aceh]]","hash":"6979f06f896cd8e2c442c97944bb9ddd730739f731d69a5c04fac071bbd914a1","last_revision":"2023-07-16T03:32:47Z","first_revision":"2010-07-14T09:47:18Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:04.942125","cross_lingual_links":{"ar":"حملة سومطرة الأولى","en":"First Sumatran expedition","fr":"Première expédition de Sumatra","pt":"Primeira Expedição a Sumatra"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:49.646268","text":"Ekspedisi Sumatra Pertama yang mencakup Pertempuran Quallah Battoo atau Kuala Batee adalah ekspedisi balasan terhadap desa Kuala Batee (kini bagian dari Kabupaten Aceh Barat Daya) oleh USS Potomac yang pecah pada tahun 1832. Pembalasan tersebut terjadi sebagai jawaban atas pembajakan dan pembantaian anak buah kapal Friendship setahun sebelumnya. Potomac dan ABK-nya mengalahkan angkatan penguasa setempat dan membombardir permukiman. Ekspedisi tersebut berhasil menghentikan serangan atas kapal-kapal Amerika Serikat selama 6 tahun hingga akhirnya ada kapal lain yang dibajak yang menyebabkan diluncurkannya ekspedisi berikutnya pada tahun 1838.\n\nPulau Sumatra dikenal sebagai produsen lada hitam berkualitas tinggi, dan sepanjang sejarah sejumlah kapal telah datang ke pulau ini untuk membelinya. Pada tahun 1831, kapal Friendship di bawah Kapten Charles Endicott tiba di Kuala Batee untuk mendapatkan 1 kargo lada hitam. Sejumlah perahu dagang berlayar cepat sepanjang pantai untuk berdagang dengan kapal dagang yang menunggu lepas pantai. Pada tanggal 7 Februari 1831, Endicott dan beberapa awak kapal lain menuju pantai untuk membeli beberapa lada dari penduduk asli saat 3 perahu menyerang kapalnya, membunuh perwira satu Friendship dan 2 ABK lainnya, dan menjarah kargonya.\n\nEndicott dan ABK lainnya berusaha melarikan diri ke pelabuhan lain berkat bantuan tetua setempat bernama Poh Adam yang bersahabat. Di sana, mereka memperoleh bantuan 3 kapten kapal dagang lainnya yang setuju memulihkan kapalnya. Dengan bantuan mereka, Endicott mencoba mendapatkan kapalnya kembali dan akhirnya berlayar kembali ke Salem, Massachusetts. Begitu sampai Salem, kegemparan massa atas pembantaian itu meluas dan untuk menanggapinya, Presiden Andrew Jackson mengirimkan kapal USS Potomac di bawah Komodor John Downes untuk menghukum penduduk Kuala Batee atas kejadian itu.\n\nPotomac tiba di Kuala Batee pada tanggal 5 Februari 1832. Di sana, Downes bertemu Poh Adam yang mengatakan bahwa penguasa setempat sama sekali tidak mau membayar ganti rugi atas serangan ke Friendship. Komodor Downes kemudian memutuskan menyamarkan kapalnya sebagai kapal dagang Denmark agar tak dikenal oleh penduduk sekitar. Penyamaran itu berlangsung mulus sampai-sampai ketika beberapa penduduk sekitar menaiki Potomac untuk menjual sekargo lada, mereka ditahan mendadak agar penduduk Kuala Batee tidak sadar ada kapal Amerika Serikat yang mempersiapkan pembalasan. Downes kemudian mengirim sekelompok pengintai ke pelabuhan, tetapi berhasil diusir oleh penduduk setempat. Di samping 3 kapal di pelabuhan, 5 benteng diketahui mengawal kota dekat pesisir.\n\nDownes memerintahkan 1 detasemen dari 282 marinir dan nakhoda ke perahu kapal, yang beberapa dari perahu itu sudah dilengkapi dengan meriam ringan. Dari perahu itulah, para nakhoda dan marinir Potomac membakar kapal-kapal Aceh di pelabuhan Kuala Batee dan menyerang benteng kota sementara bantuan dari senapan-senapan Potomac sendiri digunakan untuk membalas tembakan dari benteng Kuala Batee. Senapan modern yang digunakan AS jauh lebih baik dibandingkan dengan senapan kunci korek milik lawan yang sudah ketinggalan zaman, tetapi penduduk berperang dengan sengit dan pertempuran bergeser ke pertarungan tangan di mana salah satu raja yang menguasai benteng terbunuh bersama 150 jawara lainnya. Di pihak AS, hanya 2 yang tewas selama serangan dan 11 nakhoda dan marinir lainnya luka-luka.\n\nSetelah benteng pesisir tersebut jatuh, musuh yang tersisa melarikan diri ke pedalaman yang di situ ada benteng lain, tetapi alih-alih menggunakan benteng yang tersisa tersebut, AS menyerang kota itu sendiri. Perampokan dan penjarahan skala besar terjadi hampir di seantero kota disertai dengan banyaknya penduduk yang terbunuh. Downes kemudian memerintahkan anak buahnya kembali ke kapal dan mengebom benteng ke-5 dan juga kota itu sendiri hingga pimpinannya yang selamat setuju untuk menyerah. Serangan tersebut memakan korban 300 penduduk lainnya.\n\nPenguasa yang tersisa meminta ampun dan Downes berkata bahwa jika ada kapal AS lain yang diserang lagi, tindakan yang sama akan dijalankan terhadap pelakunya. Penguasa lain dari wilayah sekitarnya juga mengirim delegasi ke kapal itu dan meminta dengan sangat agar mereka tidak diperlakukan sama seperti Kuala Batee. Downes meninggalkan daerah itu untuk melanjutkan perjalanannya mengitari Bumi, berhenti di Hawaii dan menghibur raja dan ratu di sana di atas kapalnya.\n\nMeskipun muncul kritikan dari publik AS bahwa Downes tak mencoba berunding dengan penguasa Kuala Batee secara damai, publik merasa puas dengan tanggapan tersebut dan tidak ada tindakan lanjutan dilakukan terhadapnya. Masalah dengan Kuala Batee tidak selesai dan pada tahun 1838 kapal lain dijarah dan menyerang Muka.\n\n6 Februari 1832; Gun Boat Diplomacy Amerika di Kuala Batee\n\nKategori:Perang yang melibatkan Amerika Serikat Kategori:Sejarah Aceh Kategori:1832 Kategori:Perang Aceh\n","elements":[{"type":"infobox","content":"{{Infobox military conflict\n| conflict = Ekspedisi Sumatra Pertama\n| image = [[Berkas:First attack on quallah battoo.jpg|300px]]\n| caption = ''Infanteri A.S. menyerang benteng Aceh di Kuala Batee pada tahun 1832''\n| partof = [[Ekspedisi Sumatra]]\n| date = 6–9 Februari 1832\n| place = [[Kuala Batee, Aceh Barat Daya|Kuala Batee]], [[Aceh]], [[Hindia Belanda]]\n| result = Kemenangan Amerika Serikat\n| combatant1 = {{flagicon|Amerika Serikat|1795}} [[Amerika Serikat]]
{{flag|Belanda}}\n| combatant2 = Tetua Kuala Batee\n| commander1 = {{flagicon image|US Naval Jack 24 stars.svg}} [[Komodor]] [[John Downes]]
{{flagicon image|Naval Jack of the Netherlands.svg}} [[Gubernur Jenderal Hindia Belanda|Gubernur Jenderal]] [[Johannes van den Bosch]]\n| commander2 = [[Raja]] [[Poh Muhammad]]\n| strength1 = '''Darat:'''
282 prajurit
'''Laut:'''
1 [[pergata]]\n| strength2 = '''Darat:'''
~500 [[pejuang]]
5 [[benteng]]
'''Laut:'''
3 [[perahu]]\n| casualties1=2 tewas
11 terluka\n| casualties2 = ~450 tewas atau terluka
5 benteng hancur
3 perahu tenggelam\n| campaignbox = \n{{Kotak Kampanye Ekspedisi Sumatra}}\n}}"},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Ekspedisi Sumatra Pertama yang mencakup Pertempuran Quallah Battoo atau Kuala Batee adalah ekspedisi balasan terhadap desa Kuala Batee (kini bagian dari Kabupaten Aceh Barat Daya) oleh USS Potomac yang pecah pada tahun 1832.","translated_text":"The First Sumatra Expedition which included the Battle of Quallah Battoo or Kuala Batee was a retaliatory expedition against the village of Kuala Batee (now part of South West Aceh County) by the USS Potomac that broke out in 1832.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pembalasan tersebut terjadi sebagai jawaban atas pembajakan dan pembantaian anak buah kapal Friendship setahun sebelumnya.","translated_text":"The retaliation came in response to the hijacking and massacre of the crew of the Friendship a year earlier.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Potomac dan ABK-nya mengalahkan angkatan penguasa setempat dan membombardir permukiman.","translated_text":"The Potomac and his ABK defeated the local ruling forces and bombed the settlement.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Ekspedisi tersebut berhasil menghentikan serangan atas kapal-kapal Amerika Serikat selama 6 tahun hingga akhirnya ada kapal lain yang dibajak yang menyebabkan diluncurkannya ekspedisi berikutnya pada tahun 1838.","translated_text":"The expedition successfully stopped attacks on United States ships for six years until another ship was eventually hijacked which led to the launch of the next expedition in 1838.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Latar belakang","translated_text":"The background","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Pulau Sumatra dikenal sebagai produsen lada hitam berkualitas tinggi, dan sepanjang sejarah sejumlah kapal telah datang ke pulau ini untuk membelinya.","translated_text":"The island of Sumatra is known as a producer of high-quality black pepper, and throughout history a number of ships have come to the island to buy it.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pada tahun 1831, kapal Friendship di bawah Kapten Charles Endicott tiba di Kuala Batee untuk mendapatkan 1 kargo lada hitam.","translated_text":"In 1831, the Friendship ship under Captain Charles Endicott arrived at Kuala Batee to obtain 1 cargo of black pepper.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Sejumlah perahu dagang berlayar cepat sepanjang pantai untuk berdagang dengan kapal dagang yang menunggu lepas pantai.","translated_text":"A number of merchant ships sailed swiftly along the coast to trade with merchant ships waiting offshore.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pada tanggal 7 Februari 1831, Endicott dan beberapa awak kapal lain menuju pantai untuk membeli beberapa lada dari penduduk asli saat 3 perahu menyerang kapalnya, membunuh perwira satu Friendship dan 2 ABK lainnya, dan menjarah kargonya.","translated_text":"On February 7, 1831, Endicott and several other crewmen headed ashore to buy some pepper from the natives when three boats attacked his ship, killing one Friendship officer and two other ABK, and looting his cargo.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[{"content":"Meacham, 213","char_index":237,"name":null,"url":null,"source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":null,"source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Endicott dan ABK lainnya berusaha melarikan diri ke pelabuhan lain berkat bantuan tetua setempat bernama Poh Adam yang bersahabat.","translated_text":"Endicott and the other ABK tried to escape to another port with the help of a friendly local elder named Poh Adam.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Di sana, mereka memperoleh bantuan 3 kapten kapal dagang lainnya yang setuju memulihkan kapalnya.","translated_text":"There, they obtained the help of three other merchant ship captains who agreed to restore their ship.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Dengan bantuan mereka, Endicott mencoba mendapatkan kapalnya kembali dan akhirnya berlayar kembali ke Salem, Massachusetts.","translated_text":"With their help, Endicott tried to get his ship back and eventually sailed back to Salem, Massachusetts.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Begitu sampai Salem, kegemparan massa atas pembantaian itu meluas dan untuk menanggapinya, Presiden Andrew Jackson mengirimkan kapal USS Potomac di bawah Komodor John Downes untuk menghukum penduduk Kuala Batee atas kejadian itu.","translated_text":"Once in Salem, mass outrage over the massacre spread and in response, President Andrew Jackson sent the USS Potomac under Commodore John Downes to punish the inhabitants of Kuala Batee for the incident.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[{"content":"Warriner, 104","char_index":229,"name":null,"url":null,"source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":null,"source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Pertempuran","translated_text":"The Battle","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Potomac tiba di Kuala Batee pada tanggal 5 Februari 1832.","translated_text":"The Potomac arrived at Kuala Batee on 5 February 1832.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Di sana, Downes bertemu Poh Adam yang mengatakan bahwa penguasa setempat sama sekali tidak mau membayar ganti rugi atas serangan ke Friendship.","translated_text":"There, Downes met Poh Adam who said the local authorities were unwilling to pay compensation for the attack on Friendship.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Komodor Downes kemudian memutuskan menyamarkan kapalnya sebagai kapal dagang Denmark agar tak dikenal oleh penduduk sekitar.","translated_text":"Commodore Downes then decided to disguise his ship as a Danish merchant ship in order to hide from the surrounding inhabitants.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Penyamaran itu berlangsung mulus sampai-sampai ketika beberapa penduduk sekitar menaiki Potomac untuk menjual sekargo lada, mereka ditahan mendadak agar penduduk Kuala Batee tidak sadar ada kapal Amerika Serikat yang mempersiapkan pembalasan.","translated_text":"The disguise went on so smoothly that when some residents nearby boarded the Potomac to sell a cargo of pepper, they were suddenly detained so that the inhabitants of Kuala Batee would not realize that there was a United States vessel preparing for retaliation.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Downes kemudian mengirim sekelompok pengintai ke pelabuhan, tetapi berhasil diusir oleh penduduk setempat.","translated_text":"Downes then sent a group of scouts to the port, but was successfully expelled by the locals.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"Corn, 294","char_index":106,"name":null,"url":null,"source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":null,"source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Di samping 3 kapal di pelabuhan, 5 benteng diketahui mengawal kota dekat pesisir.","translated_text":"Besides the three ships in the harbor, five forts are known to guard the city near the coast.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[{"content":"Corn, 295","char_index":81,"name":null,"url":null,"source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":null,"source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Downes memerintahkan 1 detasemen dari 282 marinir dan nakhoda ke perahu kapal, yang beberapa dari perahu itu sudah dilengkapi dengan meriam ringan.","translated_text":"Downes ordered a detachment of 282 sailors and sailors to the ship's boat, some of which were already equipped with light cannons.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Dari perahu itulah, para nakhoda dan marinir Potomac membakar kapal-kapal Aceh di pelabuhan Kuala Batee dan menyerang benteng kota sementara bantuan dari senapan-senapan Potomac sendiri digunakan untuk membalas tembakan dari benteng Kuala Batee.","translated_text":"From those boats, the Nakhoda and the Potomac sailors burned the Aceh ships at the port of Kuala Batee and attacked the city's fortifications while the help of the Potomac's own rifles was used to retaliate from the Kuala Batee fortress.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Senapan modern yang digunakan AS jauh lebih baik dibandingkan dengan senapan kunci korek milik lawan yang sudah ketinggalan zaman, tetapi penduduk berperang dengan sengit dan pertempuran bergeser ke pertarungan tangan di mana salah satu raja yang menguasai benteng terbunuh bersama 150 jawara lainnya.","translated_text":"The modern rifles used by the U.S. were far better than the obsolete opponent's cork-lock rifles, but the population fought fiercely and the battle shifted to a hand-to-hand combat in which one of the kings who controlled the fortress was killed along with 150 other champions.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"Warriner, 94","char_index":301,"name":null,"url":null,"source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":null,"source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Di pihak AS, hanya 2 yang tewas selama serangan dan 11 nakhoda dan marinir lainnya luka-luka.","translated_text":"On the U.S. side, only two were killed during the attack and 11 other NCOs and Marines were wounded.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[{"content":"{{Cite web |url=http://www.history.navy.mil/faqs/faq56-1.htm |title=Salinan arsip |access-date=2010-07-14 |archive-date=2007-06-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070605234857/http://www.history.navy.mil/faqs/faq56-1.htm |dead-url=yes 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kemudian memerintahkan anak buahnya kembali ke kapal dan mengebom benteng ke-5 dan juga kota itu sendiri hingga pimpinannya yang selamat setuju untuk menyerah.","translated_text":"Downes then ordered his men to return to the ship and bomb the 5th fort and also the city itself until his surviving leader agreed to surrender.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Serangan tersebut memakan korban 300 penduduk lainnya.","translated_text":"The attack claimed the lives of 300 other residents.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[{"content":"http://www.sabrizain.org/malaya/potomac.htm","char_index":54,"name":null,"url":"http://www.sabrizain.org/malaya/potomac.htm","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":19723,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:31.305831-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":4,"source_quality_raw_score":0.83203125}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Buntut kejadian","translated_text":"The sequence of events","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Penguasa yang tersisa meminta ampun dan Downes berkata bahwa jika ada kapal AS lain yang diserang lagi, tindakan yang sama akan dijalankan terhadap pelakunya.","translated_text":"The remaining ruler apologized and Downes said that if another US ship was attacked again, the same action would be taken against the perpetrators.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Penguasa lain dari wilayah sekitarnya juga mengirim delegasi ke kapal itu dan meminta dengan sangat agar mereka tidak diperlakukan sama seperti Kuala Batee.","translated_text":"Other rulers from the surrounding region also sent delegates to the ship and urged them not to be treated the same as Kuala Batee.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Downes meninggalkan daerah itu untuk melanjutkan perjalanannya mengitari Bumi, berhenti di Hawaii dan menghibur raja dan ratu di sana di atas kapalnya.","translated_text":"Downes left the area to continue his journey around Earth, stopping in Hawaii and entertaining the kings and queens there on his ship.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Meskipun muncul kritikan dari publik AS bahwa Downes tak mencoba berunding dengan penguasa Kuala Batee secara damai, publik merasa puas dengan tanggapan tersebut dan tidak ada tindakan lanjutan dilakukan terhadapnya.","translated_text":"Despite criticism from the US public that Downes did not try to negotiate peacefully with the ruler of Kuala Batee, the public was satisfied with the response and no further action was taken against him.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"Johnson, 44","char_index":216,"name":null,"url":null,"source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":null,"source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Masalah dengan Kuala Batee tidak selesai dan pada tahun 1838 kapal lain dijarah dan menyerang Muka.","translated_text":"The problem with Kuala Batee was not resolved and in 1838 another ship was sacked and attacked Muka.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[{"content":"{{Cite web |url=http://www.history.navy.mil/wars/foabroad.htm |title=Salinan arsip |access-date=2010-07-14 |archive-date=2010-09-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100910042906/http://www.history.navy.mil/wars/foabroad.htm |dead-url=yes }}","char_index":99,"name":null,"url":"http://www.history.navy.mil/wars/foabroad.htm","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":0,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:31.342608-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{Cite web |url=http://www.history.navy.mil/wars/foabroad.htm |title=Salinan arsip |access-date=2010-07-14 |archive-date=2010-09-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100910042906/http://www.history.navy.mil/wars/foabroad.htm |dead-url=yes 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United States at Kuala Batee","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140208032636/http://atjehpost.com/articles/read/210/6-Februari-1832-Gun-Boat-Diplomacy-Amerika-di-Kuala-Batee |date=2014-02-08 }}","char_index":58,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20140208032636/http://atjehpost.com/articles/read/210/6-Februari-1832-Gun-Boat-Diplomacy-Amerika-di-Kuala-Batee","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:31.423773-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080325234052/http://www.history.navy.mil/library/online/naval_infantry_app.htm |date=2008-03-25 }}","char_index":58,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20080325234052/http://www.history.navy.mil/library/online/naval_infantry_app.htm","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:31.493493-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100708000228/http://www.history.navy.mil/danfs/p10/potomac-i.htm |date=2010-07-08 }}","char_index":58,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20100708000228/http://www.history.navy.mil/danfs/p10/potomac-i.htm","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:31.562333-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is 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Sejumlah perahu dagang berlayar cepat sepanjang pantai untuk berdagang dengan kapal dagang yang menunggu lepas pantai. Pada tanggal 7 Februari 1831, Endicott dan beberapa awak kapal lain menuju pantai untuk membeli beberapa lada dari penduduk asli saat 3 perahu menyerang kapalnya, membunuh perwira satu Friendship dan 2 ABK lainnya, dan menjarah kargonya.","translated_text":"In 1831, the Friendship ship under Captain Charles Endicott arrived at Kuala Batee to obtain 1 cargo of black pepper. A number of merchant ships sailed swiftly along the coast to trade with merchant ships waiting offshore. On February 7, 1831, Endicott and several other crewmen headed ashore to buy some pepper from the natives when three boats attacked his ship, killing one Friendship officer and two other ABK, and looting his cargo.","citations":[{"content":"Meacham, 213","char_index":481,"name":null,"url":null,"source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":null,"source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Di sana, mereka memperoleh bantuan 3 kapten kapal dagang lainnya yang setuju memulihkan kapalnya. Dengan bantuan mereka, Endicott mencoba mendapatkan kapalnya kembali dan akhirnya berlayar kembali ke Salem, Massachusetts. Begitu sampai Salem, kegemparan massa atas pembantaian itu meluas dan untuk menanggapinya, Presiden Andrew Jackson mengirimkan kapal USS Potomac di bawah Komodor John Downes untuk menghukum penduduk Kuala Batee atas kejadian itu.","translated_text":"There, they obtained the help of three other merchant ship captains who agreed to restore their ship. With their help, Endicott tried to get his ship back and eventually sailed back to Salem, Massachusetts. Once in Salem, mass outrage over the massacre spread and in response, President Andrew Jackson sent the USS Potomac under Commodore John Downes to punish the inhabitants of Kuala Batee for the incident.","citations":[{"content":"Warriner, 104","char_index":451,"name":null,"url":null,"source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":null,"source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Komodor Downes kemudian memutuskan menyamarkan kapalnya sebagai kapal dagang Denmark agar tak dikenal oleh penduduk sekitar. Penyamaran itu berlangsung mulus sampai-sampai ketika beberapa penduduk sekitar menaiki Potomac untuk menjual sekargo lada, mereka ditahan mendadak agar penduduk Kuala Batee tidak sadar ada kapal Amerika Serikat yang mempersiapkan pembalasan. Downes kemudian mengirim sekelompok pengintai ke pelabuhan, tetapi berhasil diusir oleh penduduk setempat.","translated_text":"Commodore Downes then decided to disguise his ship as a Danish merchant ship in order to hide from the surrounding inhabitants. The disguise went on so smoothly that when some residents nearby boarded the Potomac to sell a cargo of pepper, they were suddenly detained so that the inhabitants of Kuala Batee would not realize that there was a United States vessel preparing for retaliation. Downes then sent a group of scouts to the port, but was successfully expelled by the locals.","citations":[{"content":"Corn, 294","char_index":474,"name":null,"url":null,"source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":null,"source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Penyamaran itu berlangsung mulus sampai-sampai ketika beberapa penduduk sekitar menaiki Potomac untuk menjual sekargo lada, mereka ditahan mendadak agar penduduk Kuala Batee tidak sadar ada kapal Amerika Serikat yang mempersiapkan pembalasan. Downes kemudian mengirim sekelompok pengintai ke pelabuhan, tetapi berhasil diusir oleh penduduk setempat. Di samping 3 kapal di pelabuhan, 5 benteng diketahui mengawal kota dekat pesisir.","translated_text":"The disguise went on so smoothly that when some residents nearby boarded the Potomac to sell a cargo of pepper, they were suddenly detained so that the inhabitants of Kuala Batee would not realize that there was a United States vessel preparing for retaliation. Downes then sent a group of scouts to the port, but was successfully expelled by the locals. Besides the three ships in the harbor, five forts are known to guard the city near the coast.","citations":[{"content":"Corn, 295","char_index":431,"name":null,"url":null,"source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":null,"source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Downes memerintahkan 1 detasemen dari 282 marinir dan nakhoda ke perahu kapal, yang beberapa dari perahu itu sudah dilengkapi dengan meriam ringan. Dari perahu itulah, para nakhoda dan marinir Potomac membakar kapal-kapal Aceh di pelabuhan Kuala Batee dan menyerang benteng kota sementara bantuan dari senapan-senapan Potomac sendiri digunakan untuk membalas tembakan dari benteng Kuala Batee. Senapan modern yang digunakan AS jauh lebih baik dibandingkan dengan senapan kunci korek milik lawan yang sudah ketinggalan zaman, tetapi penduduk berperang dengan sengit dan pertempuran bergeser ke pertarungan tangan di mana salah satu raja yang menguasai benteng terbunuh bersama 150 jawara lainnya.","translated_text":"Downes ordered a detachment of 282 sailors and sailors to the ship's boat, some of which were already equipped with light cannons. From those boats, the Nakhoda and the Potomac sailors burned the Aceh ships at the port of Kuala Batee and attacked the city's fortifications while the help of the Potomac's own rifles was used to retaliate from the Kuala Batee fortress. The modern rifles used by the U.S. were far better than the obsolete opponent's cork-lock rifles, but the population fought fiercely and the battle shifted to a hand-to-hand combat in which one of the kings who controlled the fortress was killed along with 150 other champions.","citations":[{"content":"Warriner, 94","char_index":695,"name":null,"url":null,"source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":null,"source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Dari perahu itulah, para nakhoda dan marinir Potomac membakar kapal-kapal Aceh di pelabuhan Kuala Batee dan menyerang benteng kota sementara bantuan dari senapan-senapan Potomac sendiri digunakan untuk membalas tembakan dari benteng Kuala Batee. Senapan modern yang digunakan AS jauh lebih baik dibandingkan dengan senapan kunci korek milik lawan yang sudah ketinggalan zaman, tetapi penduduk berperang dengan sengit dan pertempuran bergeser ke pertarungan tangan di mana salah satu raja yang menguasai benteng terbunuh bersama 150 jawara lainnya. Di pihak AS, hanya 2 yang tewas selama serangan dan 11 nakhoda dan marinir lainnya luka-luka.","translated_text":"From those boats, the Nakhoda and the Potomac sailors burned the Aceh ships at the port of Kuala Batee and attacked the city's fortifications while the help of the Potomac's own rifles was used to retaliate from the Kuala Batee fortress. The modern rifles used by the U.S. were far better than the obsolete opponent's cork-lock rifles, but the population fought fiercely and the battle shifted to a hand-to-hand combat in which one of the kings who controlled the fortress was killed along with 150 other champions. On the U.S. side, only two were killed during the attack and 11 other NCOs and Marines were wounded.","citations":[{"content":"{{Cite web |url=http://www.history.navy.mil/faqs/faq56-1.htm |title=Salinan arsip |access-date=2010-07-14 |archive-date=2007-06-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070605234857/http://www.history.navy.mil/faqs/faq56-1.htm |dead-url=yes }}","char_index":641,"name":null,"url":"http://www.history.navy.mil/faqs/faq56-1.htm","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":0,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:31.210171-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{Cite web |url=http://www.history.navy.mil/faqs/faq56-1.htm |title=Salinan arsip |access-date=2010-07-14 |archive-date=2007-06-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070605234857/http://www.history.navy.mil/faqs/faq56-1.htm |dead-url=yes }}","char_index":641,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20070605234857/http://www.history.navy.mil/faqs/faq56-1.htm","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:31.237012-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Perampokan dan penjarahan skala besar terjadi hampir di seantero kota disertai dengan banyaknya penduduk yang terbunuh. Downes kemudian memerintahkan anak buahnya kembali ke kapal dan mengebom benteng ke-5 dan juga kota itu sendiri hingga pimpinannya yang selamat setuju untuk menyerah. Serangan tersebut memakan korban 300 penduduk lainnya.","translated_text":"Large-scale robberies and looting took place in almost every city, accompanied by mass deaths. Downes then ordered his men to return to the ship and bomb the 5th fort and also the city itself until his surviving leader agreed to surrender. The attack claimed the lives of 300 other residents.","citations":[{"content":"http://www.sabrizain.org/malaya/potomac.htm","char_index":341,"name":null,"url":"http://www.sabrizain.org/malaya/potomac.htm","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":19723,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:31.305831-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":4,"source_quality_raw_score":0.83203125}]},{"text":"Meskipun muncul kritikan dari publik AS bahwa Downes tak mencoba berunding dengan penguasa Kuala Batee secara damai, publik merasa puas dengan tanggapan tersebut dan tidak ada tindakan lanjutan dilakukan terhadapnya.","translated_text":"Despite criticism from the US public that Downes did not try to negotiate peacefully with the ruler of Kuala Batee, the public was satisfied with the response and no further action was taken against him.","citations":[{"content":"Johnson, 44","char_index":216,"name":null,"url":null,"source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":null,"source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Meskipun muncul kritikan dari publik AS bahwa Downes tak mencoba berunding dengan penguasa Kuala Batee secara damai, publik merasa puas dengan tanggapan tersebut dan tidak ada tindakan lanjutan dilakukan terhadapnya. Masalah dengan Kuala Batee tidak selesai dan pada tahun 1838 kapal lain dijarah dan menyerang Muka.","translated_text":"Despite criticism from the US public that Downes did not try to negotiate peacefully with the ruler of Kuala Batee, the public was satisfied with the response and no further action was taken against him. The problem with Kuala Batee was not resolved and in 1838 another ship was sacked and attacked Muka.","citations":[{"content":"{{Cite web |url=http://www.history.navy.mil/wars/foabroad.htm |title=Salinan arsip |access-date=2010-07-14 |archive-date=2010-09-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100910042906/http://www.history.navy.mil/wars/foabroad.htm |dead-url=yes }}","char_index":316,"name":null,"url":"http://www.history.navy.mil/wars/foabroad.htm","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":0,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:31.342608-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{Cite web |url=http://www.history.navy.mil/wars/foabroad.htm |title=Salinan arsip |access-date=2010-07-14 |archive-date=2010-09-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100910042906/http://www.history.navy.mil/wars/foabroad.htm |dead-url=yes }}","char_index":316,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20100910042906/http://www.history.navy.mil/wars/foabroad.htm","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:31.354398-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"6 Februari 1832; Gun Boat Diplomacy Amerika di Kuala Batee","translated_text":"February 6, 1832; Gun Boat Diplomacy of the United States at Kuala Batee","citations":[{"content":"{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140208032636/http://atjehpost.com/articles/read/210/6-Februari-1832-Gun-Boat-Diplomacy-Amerika-di-Kuala-Batee |date=2014-02-08 }}","char_index":58,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20140208032636/http://atjehpost.com/articles/read/210/6-Februari-1832-Gun-Boat-Diplomacy-Amerika-di-Kuala-Batee","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:31.423773-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080325234052/http://www.history.navy.mil/library/online/naval_infantry_app.htm |date=2008-03-25 }}","char_index":58,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20080325234052/http://www.history.navy.mil/library/online/naval_infantry_app.htm","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:31.493493-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100708000228/http://www.history.navy.mil/danfs/p10/potomac-i.htm |date=2010-07-08 }}","char_index":58,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20100708000228/http://www.history.navy.mil/danfs/p10/potomac-i.htm","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:31.562333-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]}]} +{"title":"Serangan ke Kuala Batee","wikicode":"#ALIH [[Ekspedisi Sumatra]]","hash":"8d8c2f6d7ffc1c124cfde0f29a9a934b408f4fd6375c8940e8bc06c5c8a074ff","last_revision":"2019-03-18T03:25:17Z","first_revision":"2010-07-14T09:48:20Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:05.010115","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH Ekspedisi Sumatra\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH Ekspedisi Sumatra","translated_text":"During the Sumatra Expedition","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Mary (Turkmenistan)","wikicode":"#ALIH [[Mary, Turkmenistan]]","hash":"701823b1a9c0403abc7d9d4e927c9eac2cea53bbf73e6f0c51ef7a7f7e4ae3c7","last_revision":"2010-07-14T09:49:31Z","first_revision":"2010-07-14T09:49:31Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:05.067892","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH Mary, Turkmenistan\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH Mary, Turkmenistan","translated_text":"Mary, Turkmenistan","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Quiz! Hexagon II","wikicode":"{{Infobox Television|\n| show_name = クイズ！ヘキサゴンII
Quiz! Hexagon II\n| image = \n| caption = \n| format = [[Acara permainan]]
[[Program varietas]]\n| runtime = 57 menit\n| presenter = [[Shinsuke Shimada]]\n| country = {{negara|Jepang}} [[Jepang]]\n| network = [[Fuji Television]]\n| timeslot = Rabu di 19:00 JST\n| first_aired = [[19 Oktober]] [[2005]]\n| last_aired = Sekarang\n| website = http://www.fujitv.co.jp/b_hp/hexagon2/\n}}\n{{Nihongo|'''''Quiz! Hexagon II'''''|クイズ！ヘキサゴンII|Kuizu! Hekisagon Tsū}} adalah sebuah [[acara televisi]] permainan varietas asal [[Jepang]] yang disiarkan dari tahun [[2005]] di [[Fuji Television]], dan ditayangkan setiap hari Rabu dari 19:00-19:57 [[Waktu Standar Jepang]]. Acara ini mulai ditayangkan pada tanggal 19 Oktober 2005; pendahulunya, {{nihongo|''Quiz! Hexagon - Malam ini adalah Parade Kuis!!''|クイズ！ヘキサゴン 今夜はクイズパレード!!|Kuizu! Hekisagon Kon'ya wa Kuizu Parēdo!!}} ditayangkan dari [[5 Juni]] hingga [[12 Oktober]] 2005.\n\n== Ringkasan ==\nQuiz! Hexagon II diselenggarakan oleh Shinsuke Shimada dan Hitomi Nakamura. Tamu di acara itu sering termasuk pelawak [[owarai]] dan [[tarento]] Jepang. Sejak tahun 2007, sejumlah subkelompok musik telah membentuk bahwa telah merilis lagu singel; di antara paling populer ini telah [[Shuchishin]] dan Pabo.\n\nSelama setiap episode, tiga tim (keanggotaan yang ditentukan berdasarkan peserta acara kuis kertas terjadi sebelum setiap episode) bersaing untuk mendapatkan poin dalam berbagai kuis, pengetahuan anggota tim pengujian di berbagai topik.\n\n== Artis ==\n=== Program ===\n* Ketua: Shinsuke Shimada\n** Pada acara di [[22 Oktober]] [[2008]], dia muncul dengan nama \"Cassius Shimada,\" yang bertanggung jawab atas lirik dan menulis lagu.\n* Asisten Program: Hitomi Nakamura (Penyiar Fuji TV)\n* Penanya: Toshiyuki Makihara (Penyiar Fuji TV)\n** Selain itu, orang-orang berikut telah dipekerjakan sebagai narator pertanyaan: Toshihiro Ito (Penyiar Fuji TV, untuk \"Belt Quiz: Time Shock! Shock!\" yang terjadi selama Kuiz Jumprope di 6 Mei 2009), Tetsuo Sakaguchi (untuk \"Quiz! Penggunaan Pertama\" yang berlangsung di [[28 Maret]] 2007), Tetsuya Aoshima dan [[Kenji Fukui]] (Dual Penyiar Fuji TV), Hideki Yamanaka (pada saat itu, Penyiar Fuji TV, sekarang freelance).\n* Asisten: Kazuha Sakiyama (hingga Agustus 2008), Ayumi, dan lain\n* Narator: [[Mayumi Tanaka]]\n\n=== Kontestan Pokok ===\n* \"Keluarga Hexagon\" adalah nama yang datang akan digunakan untuk peserta reguler di Hexagon.\n==== Peserta Pria ====\n* [[Shuchishin]]\n** [[Yusuke Kamiji]]\n** [[Takeshi Tsuruno]]\n* [[Keisuke Okada (owarai)|Keisuke Okada]]\n* FUJIWARA (duo [[owarai]])\n** [[Takayuki Haranishi]]\n** [[Toshifumi Fujimoto]]\n* [[Eiji Bando]]\n* Shinagawa Shoji (duo owarai)\n** [[Hiroshi Shinagawa]]\n** [[Tomoharu Shoji]]\n* [[Yoshio Kojima]]\n* [[Chris Matsumura]]\n* [[Hiromi Sakimoto]]\n* [[Dandy Sakano]]\n* Ungirls (duo owarai)\n** [[Yoshiaki Yamane]]\n** [[Takushi Tanaka]]\n* [[LaSalle Ishii]]\n* [[Daisuke Motoki]]\n* [[Shintaro Yamada]]\n* [[Yoku Hata]]\n* [[Masayuki Watanabe]]\n\n==== Peserta Wanita ====\n* Pabo\n** [[Yukina Kinoshita]]\n** [[Mai Satoda]]\n** [[Suzanne]]\n* [[misono]]\n* [[Akane Osawa]]\n* [[Rika Sato]]\n* [[Akina Minami]]\n* [[Mari Yaguchi]]\n* [[Ranko Kanbe]]\n* [[Nozomi Tsuji]]\n* [[Yuko Mizuno]]\n\n==== Mantan Peserta ====\n* [[Naoki Nokubo]]\n* [[Shin Koda]]\n* [[Saki Fukuda]]\n* [[Hidehiko Masuda]]\n* [[Maimi Okuwa]]\n* [[Taka and Toshi]]\n* [[Taro Yabe]]\n* [[Yuko Ogura]]\n* [[Mona Yamamoto]]\n* [[Kuniko Asagi]]\n* [[Audrey (owarai)|Audrey]] (duo owarai)\n** [[Toshiaki Kasuga]]\n** [[Masayasu Wakabayashi]]\n\n==== Uni Musik ====\nSejak tahun 2007, ketika Pabo dibentuk sebagai uni yang berasal dari program, uni musik sering dibentuk - disebut sebagai \"Keluarga Hexagon\" - dan album \"We Love Hexagon\" dirilis di 22 Oktober 2008. Juga, sejak siaran di [[1 Agustus]] 2007, pengumuman lagu telah dibuat pada bagian akhir di siaran, dan sejak [[19 Maret]] 2008, berbagai uni telah dilakukan hampir setiap waktu - sebagai berakhir - dalam bentuk di kinerja studio live.\n* [[Pabo]]\n** [[Mai Satoda]], [[Sae Yamamoto|Sae \"Suzanne\" Yamamoto]], [[Yukina Kinoshita]]\n* {{nihongo|[[Shuchishin]]|羞恥心|Shūchishin}}\n** [[Takeshi Tsuruno]](Shu), [[Naoki Nokubo]] (Chi), [[Yusuke Kamiji]] (Shin)\n* {{nihongo|Rakuda & Kappa|ラクダとカッパ|Rakuda to Kappa}}\n** [[Chris Matsumura]] (Rakuda), [[Yoshiaki Yamene]] (Kappa)\n* {{nihongo|Aladdin Kedua|アラジン|Arajin}}\n** Pabo & Shuchishin\n* {{nihongo|Misono & Hiroshi|misono&ヒロシ}}\n** [[Misono]], [[Hiroshi Shinagawa]]\n* {{nihongo|[[Air Band]]|エアバンド|Ea Bando}}\n** [[Keisuke Okada (comedian)|Keisuke Okada]] (Kei), [[Tomoharu Shouji]] (Tomo), [[Yoku Hata]] (Yo), [[Takeshi Kongochi]] (Takeshi), [[Yoshiaki Yamene]] (Yoshi), [[Takushi Tanaka]] ({{nihongo|Egashira 3:10 Mae|江頭3時10分前|Egashira San-ji Jū-bun Mae}})\n* {{nihongo|Ippatsuya 2008|一発屋2008}}\n** [[Dandy Sakano]], [[Yoku Hata]], [[Yoshio Kojima]], [[Takeshi Kongochi]]\n* {{nihongo|Mai Satoda dengan Saudara Goda|里田まい with 合田兄妹|Satoda Mai wizu Gōda Kyōdai}}\n** [[Mai Satoda]], [[Toshifumi Fujimoto]] (Jaian), [[Misono]] (Jaiko)\n* [[Mari Yaguchi]]\n* {{nihongo|Tomo & Suzanne|トモとスザンヌ|Tomo to Suzannu}}\n** [[Tomoharu Shoji]], [[Sae Yamamoto|Sae \"Suzanne\" Yamamoto]]\n* {{nihongo|Manajer & Subordinat|部長と部下|Buchō to Buka}}\n** [[Toshiyuki Makihara]] (Manager), [[Hitomi Nakamura]] (Subordinate)\n* {{nihongo|Super Mild Seven di Akina Minami|南明奈のスーパーマイルドセブン|Minami Akina no Sūpā Mairudo Sebun}}\n** [[Akina Minami]], [[Hiromi Sakimoto]], [[Yoku Hata]], [[Toshifumi Fujimoto]], [[Takayuki Haranishi]], [[Yoshio Kojima]], [[Chris Matsumura]]\n* {{nihongo|Mai Satoda dengan Keluarga Goda|里田まい with 合田家族|Satoda Mai wizu Gōda Kazoku}}\n** [[Mai Satoda]], [[Toshifumi Fujimoto]] (Jaian), [[Misono]] (Jaiko), [[Ranko Kanbe]] (Goda Sister #2)\n* {{nihongo|Friends|フレンズ|Furenzu}}\n** [[Takeshi Tsuruno]], [[Hiromi Sakimoto]]\n* {{nihongo|Suberers|スベラーズ|Suberāzu}}\n** [[Keisuke Okada (pelawak)|Keisuke Okada]] (Dada Suberi), [[Yoshio Kojima]] (Choi Suberi), [[Yoku Hata]] (Hata)\n* {{nihongo|Yaguchi Mari dan Straw Hat|矢口真里とストローハット|Yaguchi Mari to Sutorō Hatto}}\n** [[Mari Yaguchi]], [[Akane Osawa]], [[Rika Sato]], [[Daisuke Motoki]], [[Keisuke Okada (pelawak)|Keisuke Okada]], [[Takayuki Haranishi]], [[Hiroshi Shinagawa]], [[Yoshiaki Yamane]], [[Chris Matsumura]]\n* {{nihongo|Sata Andagi|サーターアンダギー|Saataa Andagii}}\n** [[Shintaro Yamada]] (Saataa), [[Takuya Matsuoka]] (Andaa), [[Kohei Mori]] (Gii)\n* {{nihongo|Michael & Hanaka|まいける&はなか|Maikeru & Hanaka}}\n** [[Michael Masashi Murakami]], [[Hanaka Tsukita]]\n* {{nihongo|[[Hiroshi Shinagawa]] & Suberers|品川祐とスベラーズ|Shinagawa Hiroshi to Suberāzu}}\n** [[Hiroshi Shinagawa]], [[Keisuke Okada (pelawak)|Keisuke Okada]] (Dada Suberi), [[Yoshio Kojima]] (Choi Suberi), [[Yoku Hata]] (Hata)\n* {{nihongo|Air Visual Band|エアヴィジュアルバンド|Ea Vijuaru Bando}}\n** [[Tomoharu Shouji]] (Queen), [[Yoku Hata]] (Joker), [[Yoshiaki Yamane]] (Ace), [[Takushi Tanaka]] (Jack), [[Ryoei Ikema|RYOEI]] (King)\n* {{nihongo|Suzanne×Suzannu|スザンヌ×スザンぬ|Suzannu×Suzannu}}\n** [[Sae Yamamoto|Sae \"Suzanne\" Yamamoto]] (White Suzanne) & Unknown (Black Suzannu)\n* {{nihongo|Tsubasa|ツバサ}}\n** [[Takeshi Tsuruno]], [[Ryoei Ikema|RYOEI]], [[Mai Satoda]], [[misono]]\n\n==== Diskografi ====\n{| class=\"wikitable\"\n!Nama Rilis\n!Grup Musik\n!Tanggal Rilis\n|-\n|{{nihongo|\"Koi no Hexagon\"
|恋のヘキサゴン|Koi no Hekisagon|
\"Cinta Hexagon\"}}\n|Pabo\n|26 September 2007\n|-\n|{{nihongo|\"Shuchishin\"
|羞恥心|Shūchishin|
\"Malu\"}}\n|[[Shuchishin]]\n|9 April 2008\n|-\n|{{nihongo|\"Rakuda ni Naruzo\"
|ラクダになるぞ||
\"Menjadi Unta!\"}} (DVD)\n|Rakuda & Kappa\n|21 Mei 2008\n|-\n|{{nihongo|\"Nakanai de\"
|泣かないで||
\"Jangan Menangis\"}}\n|[[Shuchishin]]\n|25 Juni 2008\n|-\n|{{nihongo|\"Hi wa, Mata Noboru\"
|陽は、また昇る||
\"Matahari, Akan Naik Lagi\"}}\n|Aladdin Kedua\n|25 Juli 2008\n|-\n|{{nihongo|\"We Love Hexagon\"
|WE LOVE ♥ ヘキサゴン|Wī Rabu Hekisagon|
\"Kami Cinta Hexagon\"}}\n|Album kompilasi\n|22 Oktober 2008\n|-\n|{{nihongo|\"Mōsugu Christmas\"
|もうすぐクリスマス|Mōsugu Kurisumasu|
\"Natal Datang\"}}\n|Mai Satoda dengan Saudara Goda\n|12 November 2008\n|-\n|{{nihongo|\"Yowamushi Santa\"
|弱虫サンタ||
\"Pengecut Santa\"}}\n|[[Shuchishin]]\n|10 Desember 2008\n|-\n|{{nihongo|\"Bye Bye\"
|バイバイ|Bai Bai}}\n|Mai Satoda dengan Saudara Godas\n|14 Januari 2009\n|-\n|{{nihongo|\"Seishun Boku/Seishun Ore\"
|青春 僕/青春 俺||
\"Pemuda Kami/Pemuda Saya\"}}\n|[[Mari Yaguchi]] VS AIR BAND\n|25 Maret 2009\n|-\n|{{nihongo|\"Deaete Yokatta/Odaiba no Onna\"
|出会えてよかった/お台場の女||
\"Senang Sekali Bertemu dengan Anda/Wanita dari [[Odaiba]]\"}}\n|Tomo & Suzanne
Manajer & Subordinat\n|20 Mei 2009\n|-\n|{{nihongo|\"I Believe ~Yume o Kanaeru Mahō no Kotoba~/Don't leave me\"
|I Believe ～夢を叶える魔法の言葉～/Don't leave me||
\"I Believe (Kata Ajaib untuk Memberikan Mimpi)/Jangan Tinggalkan Aku\"}}\n|Super Mild Seven di Akina Minami
Mai Satoda dengan Keluarga Goda\n|17 Juni 2009\n|-\n|{{nihongo|\"Naite mo Ii Desu ka\"
|泣いてもいいですか||
\"Dapatkah saya Menangis\"}}\n|Friends
Hexagon All-Stars\n|15 Juli 2009\n|-\n|{{nihongo|\"Hitotsu 500 Yen de Kaitorasete Itadakimasu\"
|ひとつ500円で買い取らせていただきます|Hitotsu Gohyaku En de Kaitorasete Itadakimasu|
\"Kami Membeli Satu di 500 Yen, Selamat Makan\"}}\n|Suberers\n|30 September 2009\n|-\n|{{nihongo|\"We Love Hexagon 2009\"
|WE LOVE ♥ ヘキサゴン 2009|Wī Rabu Hekisagon Nisenkyū|
\"Kami Cinta Hexagon 2009\"}}\n|Album kompilasi\n|21 Oktober 2009\n|-\n|{{nihongo|\"Mai Satoda dengan Keluarga Goda\"
|里田まい with 合田家族|Satoda Mai wizu Gōda Kazoku}}\n|Mai Satoda dengan Keluarga Goda\n|9 Desember 2009\n|-\n|{{nihongo|\"Kaze wo Sagashite\"
|風をさがして||
\"Aku Mencari Angin\"}}\n|Yaguchi Mari dengan Straw Hat\n|13 Januari 2010\n|-\n|{{nihongo|\"Yanbarukuina ga Tonda\"
|ヤンバルクイナが飛んだ||
\"Rel Okinawa Terbang\"}}\n|Sata Andagi\n|10 Februari 2010\n|-\n|{{nihongo|\"Shiawase ni Narou/Koi\"
|幸せになろう/恋||
\"Be Happy/Love\"}}\n|Akina Minami and Super Mild Seven
Pabo\n|17 Maret 2010\n|-\n|{{nihongo|\"Dear Friends -Tomo e-\" c/w \"Gakkō e Ikou\"
|Dear Friends-友へ- c/w 学校へ行こう||
\"Sahabat\" c/w \"Mari Kita Pergi ke Sekolah\"}}\n|Friends
Michael & Hanaka\n|21 April 2010\n|-\n|{{nihongo|\"Okinawa ni Ikimasenka\"
|沖縄に行きませんか||
\"Apakah Anda Pergi ke Okinawa?\"}}\n|Sata Andagi\n|26 Mei 2010\n|-\n|{{nihongo|\"Salaryman/Dai San no Otoko/Red Eye\"
|サラリー☆マン/第三の男/レッド・アイ|Sararīman/Dai San no Otoko/Reddo Ai|
\"Salaryman/Orang Ketiga/Mata Merah\"}}\n|Hiroshi Shinagawa dan Suberers
Air Visual Band
Suzanne×Suzanne\n|23 Juni 2010\n|-\n|{{nihongo|\"Bokura ni wa Tsubasa ga Aru ~Ōzora e~\"
|僕らには翼がある〜大空へ〜||
\"Kami Akan Memiliki Sayap ~Ke Langit~\"}}\n|Hexagon All-Stars
Tsubasa\n|14 Juli 2010\n|}\n\n== Pranala luar ==\n* [http://www.fujitv.co.jp/b_hp/hexagon2/ Situs resmi] {{ja icon}}\n* [http://www.geocities.jp/tbcwaichimi/hexagon-top.html Sebuah fansite berdaftar hasil kuis untuk setiap episode sejak Hexagon mulai ditayangkan] {{ja icon}}\n\n[[Kategori:Acara televisi Jepang]]\n[[Kategori:Program televisi Fuji TV]]\n\n\n{{televisi-stub}}","hash":"ffc50d241f3fc36c44f4fff3c1aa64c3b38722e3663289c157474173ad207d5b","last_revision":"2023-07-31T04:36:42Z","first_revision":"2010-07-14T10:00:57Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:05.137503","cross_lingual_links":{"en":"Quiz! Hexagon II","ja":"クイズ!ヘキサゴンII"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:49.646268","text":"adalah sebuah acara televisi permainan varietas asal Jepang yang disiarkan dari tahun 2005 di Fuji Television, dan ditayangkan setiap hari Rabu dari 19:00-19:57 Waktu Standar Jepang. Acara ini mulai ditayangkan pada tanggal 19 Oktober 2005; pendahulunya, ditayangkan dari 5 Juni hingga 12 Oktober 2005.\n\nQuiz! Hexagon II diselenggarakan oleh Shinsuke Shimada dan Hitomi Nakamura. Tamu di acara itu sering termasuk pelawak owarai dan tarento Jepang. Sejak tahun 2007, sejumlah subkelompok musik telah membentuk bahwa telah merilis lagu singel; di antara paling populer ini telah Shuchishin dan Pabo.\n\nSelama setiap episode, tiga tim (keanggotaan yang ditentukan berdasarkan peserta acara kuis kertas terjadi sebelum setiap episode) bersaing untuk mendapatkan poin dalam berbagai kuis, pengetahuan anggota tim pengujian di berbagai topik.\n\nKetua: Shinsuke Shimada Pada acara di 22 Oktober 2008, dia muncul dengan nama \"Cassius Shimada,\" yang bertanggung jawab atas lirik dan menulis lagu. Asisten Program: Hitomi Nakamura (Penyiar Fuji TV) Penanya: Toshiyuki Makihara (Penyiar Fuji TV) Selain itu, orang-orang berikut telah dipekerjakan sebagai narator pertanyaan: Toshihiro Ito (Penyiar Fuji TV, untuk \"Belt Quiz: Time Shock! Shock!\" yang terjadi selama Kuiz Jumprope di 6 Mei 2009), Tetsuo Sakaguchi (untuk \"Quiz! Penggunaan Pertama\" yang berlangsung di 28 Maret 2007), Tetsuya Aoshima dan Kenji Fukui (Dual Penyiar Fuji TV), Hideki Yamanaka (pada saat itu, Penyiar Fuji TV, sekarang freelance). Asisten: Kazuha Sakiyama (hingga Agustus 2008), Ayumi, dan lain Narator: Mayumi Tanaka\n\n\"Keluarga Hexagon\" adalah nama yang datang akan digunakan untuk peserta reguler di Hexagon.\n\nShuchishin Yusuke Kamiji Takeshi Tsuruno Keisuke Okada FUJIWARA (duo owarai) Takayuki Haranishi Toshifumi Fujimoto Eiji Bando Shinagawa Shoji (duo owarai) Hiroshi Shinagawa Tomoharu Shoji Yoshio Kojima Chris Matsumura Hiromi Sakimoto Dandy Sakano Ungirls (duo owarai) Yoshiaki Yamane Takushi Tanaka LaSalle Ishii Daisuke Motoki Shintaro Yamada Yoku Hata Masayuki Watanabe\n\nPabo Yukina Kinoshita Mai Satoda Suzanne misono Akane Osawa Rika Sato Akina Minami Mari Yaguchi Ranko Kanbe Nozomi Tsuji Yuko Mizuno\n\nNaoki Nokubo Shin Koda Saki Fukuda Hidehiko Masuda Maimi Okuwa Taka and Toshi Taro Yabe Yuko Ogura Mona Yamamoto Kuniko Asagi Audrey (duo owarai) Toshiaki Kasuga Masayasu Wakabayashi\n\nSejak tahun 2007, ketika Pabo dibentuk sebagai uni yang berasal dari program, uni musik sering dibentuk - disebut sebagai \"Keluarga Hexagon\" - dan album \"We Love Hexagon\" dirilis di 22 Oktober 2008. Juga, sejak siaran di 1 Agustus 2007, pengumuman lagu telah dibuat pada bagian akhir di siaran, dan sejak 19 Maret 2008, berbagai uni telah dilakukan hampir setiap waktu - sebagai berakhir - dalam bentuk di kinerja studio live. Pabo Mai Satoda, Sae \"Suzanne\" Yamamoto, Yukina Kinoshita\n\nTakeshi Tsuruno(Shu), Naoki Nokubo (Chi), Yusuke Kamiji (Shin)\n\nChris Matsumura (Rakuda), Yoshiaki Yamene (Kappa)\n\nPabo & Shuchishin\n\nMisono, Hiroshi Shinagawa\n\nKeisuke Okada (Kei), Tomoharu Shouji (Tomo), Yoku Hata (Yo), Takeshi Kongochi (Takeshi), Yoshiaki Yamene (Yoshi), Takushi Tanaka ()\n\nDandy Sakano, Yoku Hata, Yoshio Kojima, Takeshi Kongochi\n\nMai Satoda, Toshifumi Fujimoto (Jaian), Misono (Jaiko) Mari Yaguchi\n\nTomoharu Shoji, Sae \"Suzanne\" Yamamoto\n\nToshiyuki Makihara (Manager), Hitomi Nakamura (Subordinate)\n\nAkina Minami, Hiromi Sakimoto, Yoku Hata, Toshifumi Fujimoto, Takayuki Haranishi, Yoshio Kojima, Chris Matsumura\n\nMai Satoda, Toshifumi Fujimoto (Jaian), Misono (Jaiko), Ranko Kanbe (Goda Sister #2)\n\nTakeshi Tsuruno, Hiromi Sakimoto\n\nKeisuke Okada (Dada Suberi), Yoshio Kojima (Choi Suberi), Yoku Hata (Hata)\n\nMari Yaguchi, Akane Osawa, Rika Sato, Daisuke Motoki, Keisuke Okada, Takayuki Haranishi, Hiroshi Shinagawa, Yoshiaki Yamane, Chris Matsumura\n\nShintaro Yamada (Saataa), Takuya Matsuoka (Andaa), Kohei Mori (Gii)\n\nMichael Masashi Murakami, Hanaka Tsukita\n\nHiroshi Shinagawa, Keisuke Okada (Dada Suberi), Yoshio Kojima (Choi Suberi), Yoku Hata (Hata)\n\nTomoharu Shouji (Queen), Yoku Hata (Joker), Yoshiaki Yamane (Ace), Takushi Tanaka (Jack), RYOEI (King)\n\nSae \"Suzanne\" Yamamoto (White Suzanne) & Unknown (Black Suzannu)\n\nTakeshi Tsuruno, RYOEI, Mai Satoda, misono\n\nSitus resmi Sebuah fansite berdaftar hasil kuis untuk setiap episode sejak Hexagon mulai ditayangkan\n\nKategori:Acara televisi Jepang Kategori:Program televisi Fuji TV\n","elements":[{"type":"infobox","content":"{{Infobox Television|\n| show_name = クイズ！ヘキサゴンII
Quiz! Hexagon II\n| image = \n| caption = \n| format = [[Acara permainan]]
[[Program varietas]]\n| runtime = 57 menit\n| presenter = [[Shinsuke Shimada]]\n| country = {{negara|Jepang}} [[Jepang]]\n| network = [[Fuji Television]]\n| timeslot = Rabu di 19:00 JST\n| first_aired = [[19 Oktober]] [[2005]]\n| last_aired = Sekarang\n| website = http://www.fujitv.co.jp/b_hp/hexagon2/\n}}"},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"adalah sebuah acara televisi permainan varietas asal Jepang yang disiarkan dari tahun 2005 di Fuji Television, dan ditayangkan setiap hari Rabu dari 19:00-19:57 Waktu Standar Jepang.","translated_text":"is a Japanese variety game television show that aired from 2005 on Fuji Television, and aired every Wednesday from 19:00-19:57 Japanese Standard Time.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Acara ini mulai ditayangkan pada tanggal 19 Oktober 2005; pendahulunya, ditayangkan dari 5 Juni hingga 12 Oktober 2005.","translated_text":"The show began airing on October 19, 2005; its predecessor, aired from June 5 to October 12, 2005.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Ringkasan","translated_text":"Summary","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Quiz!","translated_text":"The quiz!","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Hexagon II diselenggarakan oleh Shinsuke Shimada dan Hitomi Nakamura.","translated_text":"Hexagon II was hosted by Shinsuke Shimada and Hitomi Nakamura.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Tamu di acara itu sering termasuk pelawak owarai dan tarento Jepang.","translated_text":"Guests at the event often included Japanese owarai and tarento comedians.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Sejak tahun 2007, sejumlah subkelompok musik telah membentuk bahwa telah merilis lagu singel; di antara paling populer ini telah Shuchishin dan Pabo.","translated_text":"Since 2007, a number of music subgroups have formed that have released singles; among the most popular of these have been Shuchishin and Pabo.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Selama setiap episode, tiga tim (keanggotaan yang ditentukan berdasarkan peserta acara kuis kertas terjadi sebelum setiap episode) bersaing untuk mendapatkan poin dalam berbagai kuis, pengetahuan anggota tim pengujian di berbagai topik.","translated_text":"During each episode, three teams (membership determined based on participants of the paper quiz show takes place before each episode) compete to earn points in various quizzes, knowledge of test team members on various topics.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Artis","translated_text":"The artist","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"heading","text":"Program","translated_text":"The program","level":3,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Ketua: Shinsuke Shimada Pada acara di 22 Oktober 2008, dia muncul dengan nama \"Cassius Shimada,\" yang bertanggung jawab atas lirik dan menulis lagu.","translated_text":"Chairman: Shinsuke Shimada On the show on October 22, 2008, he appeared under the name \"Cassius Shimada\", who was responsible for the lyrics and songwriting.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Asisten Program: Hitomi Nakamura (Penyiar Fuji TV)","translated_text":"Assistant to the Program: Hitomi Nakamura (Fuji TV host)","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Penanya: Toshiyuki Makihara (Penyiar Fuji TV) Selain itu, orang-orang berikut telah dipekerjakan sebagai narator pertanyaan: Toshihiro Ito (Penyiar Fuji TV, untuk \"Belt Quiz: Time Shock!","translated_text":"Question: Toshiyuki Makihara (Fuji TV Researcher) In addition, the following people have been hired as question narrators: Toshihiro Ito (Fuji TV Researcher, for \"Belt Quiz: Time Shock!","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Shock!\" yang terjadi selama Kuiz Jumprope di 6 Mei 2009), Tetsuo Sakaguchi (untuk \"Quiz!","translated_text":"Shock!\" which took place during the Jumprope quiz on May 6, 2009), Tetsuo Sakaguchi (for \"Quiz!","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Penggunaan Pertama\" yang berlangsung di 28 Maret 2007), Tetsuya Aoshima dan Kenji Fukui (Dual Penyiar Fuji TV), Hideki Yamanaka (pada saat itu, Penyiar Fuji TV, sekarang freelance).","translated_text":"First Usage\" which took place on March 28, 2007), Tetsuya Aoshima and Kenji Fukui (Dual Fuji TV Broadcaster), Hideki Yamanaka (at that time, Fuji TV Broadcaster, now freelance).","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Asisten: Kazuha Sakiyama (hingga Agustus 2008), Ayumi, dan lain Narator: Mayumi Tanaka","translated_text":"Assistant: Kazuha Sakiyama (until August 2008), Ayumi, and others Narrator: Mayumi Tanaka","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Kontestan Pokok","translated_text":"The Tree Contestant","level":3,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"\"Keluarga Hexagon\" adalah nama yang datang akan digunakan untuk peserta reguler di Hexagon.","translated_text":"\"The Hexagon Family\" is the name that will come to be used for regular participants in the Hexagon.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Peserta Pria","translated_text":"A male participant","level":4,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Shuchishin Yusuke Kamiji Takeshi Tsuruno Keisuke Okada FUJIWARA (duo owarai) Takayuki Haranishi Toshifumi Fujimoto Eiji Bando Shinagawa Shoji (duo owarai) Hiroshi Shinagawa Tomoharu Shoji Yoshio Kojima Chris Matsumura Hiromi Sakimoto Dandy Sakano Ungirls (duo owarai) Yoshiaki Yamane Takushi Tanaka LaSalle Ishii Daisuke Motoki Shintaro Yamada Yoku Hata Masayuki Watanabe","translated_text":"Shuchishin Yusuke Kamiji Takeshi Tsuruno Keisuke Okada FUJIWARA (duo owarai) Takayuki Haranishi Toshifumi Fujimoto Eiji Bando Shinagawa Shoji (duo owarai) Hiroshi Shinagawa Tomoharu Shoji Yoshio Kojima Chris Matsumura Hiromi Sakimoto Dandy Sakano Ungirls (duo owarai) Yoshiaki Yamane Takushi Tanaka LaSalle Ishii Daisuke Motoki Shintaro Yamada Yoku Hata Masayuki Watanabe","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Peserta Wanita","translated_text":"The female participant","level":4,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Pabo Yukina Kinoshita Mai Satoda Suzanne misono Akane Osawa Rika Sato Akina Minami Mari Yaguchi Ranko Kanbe Nozomi Tsuji Yuko Mizuno","translated_text":"Pabo Yukina Kinoshita Mai Satoda Suzanne misono Akane Osawa Rika Sato Akina Minami Mari Yaguchi Ranko Kanbe Nozomi Tsuji Yuko Mizuno","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Mantan Peserta","translated_text":"Former Participant","level":4,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Naoki Nokubo Shin Koda Saki Fukuda Hidehiko Masuda Maimi Okuwa Taka and Toshi Taro Yabe Yuko Ogura Mona Yamamoto Kuniko Asagi Audrey (duo owarai)","translated_text":"Naoki Nokubo Shin Koda Saki Fukuda Hidehiko Masuda Maimi Okuwa Taka and Toshi Taro Yabe Yuko Ogura Mona Yamamoto Kuniko Asagi Audrey","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Toshiaki Kasuga Masayasu Wakabayashi","translated_text":"Toshiaki Kasuga Masayasu Wakabayashi","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Uni Musik","translated_text":"The Music Union","level":4,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Sejak tahun 2007, ketika Pabo dibentuk sebagai uni yang berasal dari program, uni musik sering dibentuk - disebut sebagai \"Keluarga Hexagon\" - dan album \"We Love Hexagon\" dirilis di 22 Oktober 2008.","translated_text":"Since 2007, when Pabo was formed as a union derived from the program, musical unions have often been formed - referred to as the \"Hexagon Family\" - and the album \"We Love Hexagon\" was released on October 22, 2008.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Juga, sejak siaran di 1 Agustus 2007, pengumuman lagu telah dibuat pada bagian akhir di siaran, dan sejak 19 Maret 2008, berbagai uni telah dilakukan hampir setiap waktu - sebagai berakhir - dalam bentuk di kinerja studio live.","translated_text":"Also, since the broadcast on 1 August 2007, announcements of songs have been made at the end of the broadcast, and since 19 March 2008, various unions have been performed almost every time - as ending - in form at live studio performances.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pabo Mai Satoda, Sae \"Suzanne\" Yamamoto, Yukina Kinoshita","translated_text":"Pabo Mai Satoda, Sae \"Suzanne\" Yamamoto, and Yukina Kinoshita","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Takeshi Tsuruno(Shu), Naoki Nokubo (Chi), Yusuke Kamiji (Shin)","translated_text":"Takeshi Tsuruno ((Shu), Naoki Nokubo (Chi), and Yusuke Kamiji (Shin)","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Chris Matsumura (Rakuda), Yoshiaki Yamene (Kappa)","translated_text":"Chris Matsumura (Rakuda) and Yoshiaki Yamene (Kappa)","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Pabo & Shuchishin","translated_text":"Pabo and Shuchishin","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Misono, Hiroshi Shinagawa","translated_text":"Misono, by Hiroshi Shinagawa","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Keisuke Okada (Kei), Tomoharu Shouji (Tomo), Yoku Hata (Yo), Takeshi Kongochi (Takeshi), Yoshiaki Yamene (Yoshi), Takushi Tanaka ()","translated_text":"Keisuke Okada (Kei), Tomoharu Shouji (Tomo), Yoku Hata (Yo), Takeshi Kongochi (Takeshi), Yoshiaki Yamene (Yoshi), and Takushi Tanaka (played by Takeshi Tanaka)","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Dandy Sakano, Yoku Hata, Yoshio Kojima, Takeshi Kongochi","translated_text":"Dandy Sakano, Yoku Hata, Yoshio Kojima, and Takeshi Kongochi","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Mai Satoda, Toshifumi Fujimoto (Jaian), Misono (Jaiko) Mari Yaguchi","translated_text":"He is also the founder of the Fujimoto Group.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Tomoharu Shoji, Sae \"Suzanne\" Yamamoto","translated_text":"Tomoharu Shoji and Sae \"Suzanne\" Yamamoto","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Toshiyuki Makihara (Manager), Hitomi Nakamura (Subordinate)","translated_text":"Toshiyuki Makihara (Manager) and Hitomi Nakamura (Subordinate)","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Akina Minami, Hiromi Sakimoto, Yoku Hata, Toshifumi Fujimoto, Takayuki Haranishi, Yoshio Kojima, Chris Matsumura","translated_text":"He is also known as Akina Minami, Hiromi Sakimoto, Yoku Hata, Toshifumi Fujimoto, Takayuki Haranishi, Yoshio Kojima, Chris Matsumura","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Mai Satoda, Toshifumi Fujimoto (Jaian), Misono (Jaiko), Ranko Kanbe (Goda Sister #2)","translated_text":"Mai Satoda, Toshifumi Fujimoto (Jaian), Misono (Jaiko), Ranko Kanbe (Goda Sister #2)","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Takeshi Tsuruno, Hiromi Sakimoto","translated_text":"Takeshi Tsuruno and Hiromi Sakimoto","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Keisuke Okada (Dada Suberi), Yoshio Kojima (Choi Suberi), Yoku Hata (Hata)","translated_text":"Keisuke Okada (Dada Suberi), Yoshio Kojima (Choi Suberi), and Yoku Hata (Hata)","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Mari Yaguchi, Akane Osawa, Rika Sato, Daisuke Motoki, Keisuke Okada, Takayuki Haranishi, Hiroshi Shinagawa, Yoshiaki Yamane, Chris Matsumura","translated_text":"He is also known for his work in the field of psychology. He is also known for his work in psychology.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Shintaro Yamada (Saataa), Takuya Matsuoka (Andaa), Kohei Mori (Gii)","translated_text":"Shintaro Yamada (Saataa), Takuya Matsuoka (Andaa), and Kohei Mori (Gii)","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Michael Masashi Murakami, Hanaka Tsukita","translated_text":"Michael Masashi Murakami by Hanaka Tsukita","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Hiroshi Shinagawa, Keisuke Okada (Dada Suberi), Yoshio Kojima (Choi Suberi), Yoku Hata (Hata)","translated_text":"Hiroshi Shinagawa, Keisuke Okada (Dada Suberi), Yoshio Kojima (Choi Suberi), and Yoku Hata (Hata)","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Tomoharu Shouji (Queen), Yoku Hata (Joker), Yoshiaki Yamane (Ace), Takushi Tanaka (Jack), RYOEI (King)","translated_text":"Tomoharu Shouji (Queen), Yoku Hata (Joker), Yoshiaki Yamane (Ace), Takushi Tanaka (Jack), and RYOEI (King)","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Sae \"Suzanne\" Yamamoto (White Suzanne) & Unknown (Black Suzannu)","translated_text":"Sae \"Suzanne\" Yamamoto and Unknown","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Takeshi Tsuruno, RYOEI, Mai Satoda, misono","translated_text":"Takeshi Tsuruno, Ryoei, Mai Satoda and Misono","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Diskografi","translated_text":"Discography","level":4,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"table","content":"{| class=\"wikitable\"\n!Nama Rilis\n!Grup Musik\n!Tanggal Rilis\n|-\n|{{nihongo|\"Koi no Hexagon\"
|恋のヘキサゴン|Koi no Hekisagon|
\"Cinta Hexagon\"}}\n|Pabo\n|26 September 2007\n|-\n|{{nihongo|\"Shuchishin\"
|羞恥心|Shūchishin|
\"Malu\"}}\n|[[Shuchishin]]\n|9 April 2008\n|-\n|{{nihongo|\"Rakuda ni Naruzo\"
|ラクダになるぞ||
\"Menjadi Unta!\"}} (DVD)\n|Rakuda & Kappa\n|21 Mei 2008\n|-\n|{{nihongo|\"Nakanai de\"
|泣かないで||
\"Jangan Menangis\"}}\n|[[Shuchishin]]\n|25 Juni 2008\n|-\n|{{nihongo|\"Hi wa, Mata Noboru\"
|陽は、また昇る||
\"Matahari, Akan Naik Lagi\"}}\n|Aladdin Kedua\n|25 Juli 2008\n|-\n|{{nihongo|\"We Love Hexagon\"
|WE LOVE ♥ ヘキサゴン|Wī Rabu Hekisagon|
\"Kami Cinta Hexagon\"}}\n|Album kompilasi\n|22 Oktober 2008\n|-\n|{{nihongo|\"Mōsugu Christmas\"
|もうすぐクリスマス|Mōsugu Kurisumasu|
\"Natal Datang\"}}\n|Mai Satoda dengan Saudara Goda\n|12 November 2008\n|-\n|{{nihongo|\"Yowamushi Santa\"
|弱虫サンタ||
\"Pengecut Santa\"}}\n|[[Shuchishin]]\n|10 Desember 2008\n|-\n|{{nihongo|\"Bye Bye\"
|バイバイ|Bai Bai}}\n|Mai Satoda dengan Saudara Godas\n|14 Januari 2009\n|-\n|{{nihongo|\"Seishun Boku/Seishun Ore\"
|青春 僕/青春 俺||
\"Pemuda Kami/Pemuda Saya\"}}\n|[[Mari Yaguchi]] VS AIR BAND\n|25 Maret 2009\n|-\n|{{nihongo|\"Deaete Yokatta/Odaiba no Onna\"
|出会えてよかった/お台場の女||
\"Senang Sekali Bertemu dengan Anda/Wanita dari [[Odaiba]]\"}}\n|Tomo & Suzanne
Manajer & Subordinat\n|20 Mei 2009\n|-\n|{{nihongo|\"I Believe ~Yume o Kanaeru Mahō no Kotoba~/Don't leave me\"
|I Believe ～夢を叶える魔法の言葉～/Don't leave me||
\"I Believe (Kata Ajaib untuk Memberikan Mimpi)/Jangan Tinggalkan Aku\"}}\n|Super Mild Seven di Akina Minami
Mai Satoda dengan Keluarga Goda\n|17 Juni 2009\n|-\n|{{nihongo|\"Naite mo Ii Desu ka\"
|泣いてもいいですか||
\"Dapatkah saya Menangis\"}}\n|Friends
Hexagon All-Stars\n|15 Juli 2009\n|-\n|{{nihongo|\"Hitotsu 500 Yen de Kaitorasete Itadakimasu\"
|ひとつ500円で買い取らせていただきます|Hitotsu Gohyaku En de Kaitorasete Itadakimasu|
\"Kami Membeli Satu di 500 Yen, Selamat Makan\"}}\n|Suberers\n|30 September 2009\n|-\n|{{nihongo|\"We Love Hexagon 2009\"
|WE LOVE ♥ ヘキサゴン 2009|Wī Rabu Hekisagon Nisenkyū|
\"Kami Cinta Hexagon 2009\"}}\n|Album kompilasi\n|21 Oktober 2009\n|-\n|{{nihongo|\"Mai Satoda dengan Keluarga Goda\"
|里田まい with 合田家族|Satoda Mai wizu Gōda Kazoku}}\n|Mai Satoda dengan Keluarga Goda\n|9 Desember 2009\n|-\n|{{nihongo|\"Kaze wo Sagashite\"
|風をさがして||
\"Aku Mencari Angin\"}}\n|Yaguchi Mari dengan Straw Hat\n|13 Januari 2010\n|-\n|{{nihongo|\"Yanbarukuina ga Tonda\"
|ヤンバルクイナが飛んだ||
\"Rel Okinawa Terbang\"}}\n|Sata Andagi\n|10 Februari 2010\n|-\n|{{nihongo|\"Shiawase ni Narou/Koi\"
|幸せになろう/恋||
\"Be Happy/Love\"}}\n|Akina Minami and Super Mild Seven
Pabo\n|17 Maret 2010\n|-\n|{{nihongo|\"Dear Friends -Tomo e-\" c/w \"Gakkō e Ikou\"
|Dear Friends-友へ- c/w 学校へ行こう||
\"Sahabat\" c/w \"Mari Kita Pergi ke Sekolah\"}}\n|Friends
Michael & Hanaka\n|21 April 2010\n|-\n|{{nihongo|\"Okinawa ni Ikimasenka\"
|沖縄に行きませんか||
\"Apakah Anda Pergi ke Okinawa?\"}}\n|Sata Andagi\n|26 Mei 2010\n|-\n|{{nihongo|\"Salaryman/Dai San no Otoko/Red Eye\"
|サラリー☆マン/第三の男/レッド・アイ|Sararīman/Dai San no Otoko/Reddo Ai|
\"Salaryman/Orang Ketiga/Mata Merah\"}}\n|Hiroshi Shinagawa dan Suberers
Air Visual Band
Suzanne×Suzanne\n|23 Juni 2010\n|-\n|{{nihongo|\"Bokura ni wa Tsubasa ga Aru ~Ōzora e~\"
|僕らには翼がある〜大空へ〜||
\"Kami Akan Memiliki Sayap ~Ke Langit~\"}}\n|Hexagon All-Stars
Tsubasa\n|14 Juli 2010\n|}"},{"type":"heading","text":"Pranala luar","translated_text":"External connections","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Situs resmi Sebuah fansite berdaftar hasil kuis untuk setiap episode sejak Hexagon mulai ditayangkan","translated_text":"An official fan site lists the results of quizzes for every episode since Hexagon began airing.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kategori:Acara televisi Jepang Kategori:Program televisi Fuji TV","translated_text":"Category:Japanese television programs Category:Fuji TV television programs","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Soweto","wikicode":"[[Berkas:Joburg.iss.400pix.jpg|jmpl|ka|200px|Johannesburg, termasuk Soweto. dilihat dari [[Stasiun Luar Angkasa Internasional]]]]\n'''Soweto''' adalah sebuah daerah urban di bagian barat daya [[Johannesburg]], Provinsi [[Gauteng]], [[Afrika Selatan]]. Soweto merupakan akronim dalam bahasa Inggris yang berarti \"'''''So'''uth '''We'''stern '''To'''wnships''\". [[Penduduk]]nya berjumlah sebesar 1.300.000 [[jiwa]].\n\n== Lihat Pula ==\n* [[Johannesburg]]\n\n== Pranala luar ==\n* [http://www.soweto.gov.za/ Soweto official website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090817113426/http://www.soweto.gov.za/ |date=2009-08-17 }}\n{{negara-geo-stub|Afrika Selatan}}\n\n[[Kategori:Kota di Afrika Selatan]]","hash":"592bb106952b2aa1e2c09bd989f64baf0d822051fbc19f935c763210bf77fe42","last_revision":"2021-03-08T07:39:20Z","first_revision":"2010-07-14T10:05:22Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:05.190739","cross_lingual_links":{"af":"Soweto","ar":"سويتو","ast":"Soweto","azb":"سووتو","ca":"Soweto","cs":"Soweto","da":"Soweto","de":"Soweto","el":"Σοβέτο","en":"Soweto","eo":"Soweto","es":"Soweto","eu":"Soweto","fa":"سووتو","fi":"Soweto","fr":"Soweto","ga":"Soweto","gl":"Soweto","he":"סווטו","hr":"Soweto","hu":"Soweto","io":"Soweto","it":"Soweto","ja":"ソウェト","ka":"სოუეტო","ko":"소웨토","la":"Soweto","lb":"Soweto","lt":"Sovetas","lv":"Soueto","mg":"Soweto","ms":"Soweto","nl":"Soweto","nb":"Soweto","pl":"Soweto","pt":"Soweto","ro":"Soweto","ru":"Соуэто","simple":"Soweto","sn":"Soweto","sr":"Совето","ss":"Soweto","sv":"Soweto","sw":"Soweto","szl":"Soweto","tr":"Soweto","uk":"Совето","ur":"سوویٹو","ve":"Soweto","war":"Soweto","xh":"Soweto","zh":"索韦托","zu":"Soweto"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:49.646268","text":"Soweto adalah sebuah daerah urban di bagian barat daya Johannesburg, Provinsi Gauteng, Afrika Selatan. Soweto merupakan akronim dalam bahasa Inggris yang berarti \"South Western Townships\". Penduduknya berjumlah sebesar 1.300.000 jiwa.\n\nJohannesburg\n\nSoweto official website\n\nKategori:Kota di Afrika Selatan\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Soweto adalah sebuah daerah urban di bagian barat daya Johannesburg, Provinsi Gauteng, Afrika Selatan.","translated_text":"Soweto is an urban area in the southwestern part of Johannesburg, Gauteng Province, South Africa.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Soweto merupakan akronim dalam bahasa Inggris yang berarti \"South Western Townships\".","translated_text":"Soweto is an acronym in English meaning \"South Western Townships\".","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Penduduknya berjumlah sebesar 1.300.000 jiwa.","translated_text":"Its population is 1,300,000.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Lihat Pula","translated_text":"Look at Pula.","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Johannesburg","translated_text":"Located in Johannesburg","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Pranala luar","translated_text":"External connections","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Soweto official website","translated_text":"The official website of Soweto","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090817113426/http://www.soweto.gov.za/ |date=2009-08-17 }}","char_index":23,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20090817113426/http://www.soweto.gov.za/","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:31.633329-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kategori:Kota di Afrika Selatan","translated_text":"Category:Cities in South Africa","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[{"text":"Soweto official website","translated_text":"The official website of Soweto","citations":[{"content":"{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090817113426/http://www.soweto.gov.za/ |date=2009-08-17 }}","char_index":23,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20090817113426/http://www.soweto.gov.za/","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:31.633329-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]}]} +{"title":"Bahasa Komering","wikicode":"{{Infobox Bahasa\n|name= Komering\n|nativename= Basa Kumoring
باس كوموريڠ\n| pronounciation= [basa kumoɣiŋ]\n|states=[[Indonesia]]\n|region={{tree list}}\n* [[Sumatera Selatan]]\n** {{Kab singkat|Ogan Komering Ilir}}\n** {{Kab singkat| Ogan Komering Ulu}}\n** {{Kab singkat| Ogan Komering Ulu Timur}}\n** {{Kab singkat| Ogan Komering Ulu Selatan}}\n{{Tree list/end}}\n|ethnicity= [[Suku Komering]]\n|speakers= 370.119 (sensus 2010)\n|familycolor=Austronesian\n|fam2=[[rumpun bahasa Melayu-Polinesia|Melayu-Polinesia]]\n|fam3= [[Rumpun Bahasa Lampung|Lampungik]]\n|stand1= Bahasa Komering Umum\n|dia1= [[Hilir]]\n|dia2= [[Bahasa Kayuagung|Kayuagung]]\n|dia3= Umum\n|dia4= Asli\n|dia5= Daya\n|dia6= Hulu\n|script= \n'''Sekarang'''\n* [[Alfabet Latin|Latin]]\n'''Dahulu'''\n* [[Abjad Jawi|Jawi]]\n'''Secara Historis'''\n* [[Aksara Komering]]\n|map=Lampungic isolects.svg\n|mapcaption=Ragam bahasa Lampung di Sumatra bagian selatan:\n{{legend3|green|Lampung Api}}\n{{legend3|red|Lampung Nyo}}\n{{legend3|blue|Komering}}\n|rank=\n|agency=\n|iso3=kge\n|iso3comment=(kode [[iso639-3:vky|{{code|vky}}]] untuk ragam Kayuagung telah digabungkan ke {{code|kge}} pada tahun 2008){{Cite web|url=https://iso639-3.sil.org/request/2007-195|title=Change Request Documentation: 2007-195|publisher=[[SIL International]]}}\n|glotto=kome1238\n|glottoname=Komering\n|sk=NE\n|HAM = ya\n|contoh_teks= {{rtl-para|كأوݧين جولما تيلاحير كو مرديكا ريک اوت ڤيئيل ريک حق-حق سي گوه گوه. تيان تيئونجوک اكل ڤيكيرن ريک هاتي نوراني ماري تيان داڤوک ݧامڤور ريک سي باريه ن ديلوم سماڠت بوكولڤه.}}{{or}}\n|contoh_romanisasi= Kaunyin jolma tilahir ko mardeka rik uwat pi'il rik hak-hak sei gohgoh. Tiyan tiunjuk akal pikiran rik hati nurani mari tiyan dapok nyampur rik sei barih na dilom semangat bukolpah.\n|pranala_HAM=https://www.omniglot.com/writing/komering.htm\n|extvideo=Bastiar's Dream (Benipi Bastiar) - Komering Language Film\n|extlink=OYUpTBFQ4HY\n}}\n'''Bahasa Komering''' ([[Surat Ulu]]: ꤷꥁꤼ ꤰꥋꤸꥉꤽꥇꥏ, [[Abjad Jawi|Jawi]]: بهاس كومريڠ) adalah sebuah bahasa yang dituturkan oleh [[Suku Komering]][http://www.joshuaproject.net/languages.php?rol3=kge Komering Speaking Peoples - Joshua Project]. Beberapa linguis menyatakan bahwa bahasa Komering merupakan dialek dari bahasa Lampung.\n\nSebagian besar linguis menggolongkan bahasa Komering dan bahasa Lampung ke dalam rumpun yang sama, yaitu kelompok keluarga dari [[Rumpun Bahasa Lampung]] atau Lampungik.\n\n== Kosakata ==\n\n===Contoh kosakata dalam Bahasa Komering===\n{| class=\"wikitable sortable\"\n|-\n! Bahasa Komering !! [[Bahasa Indonesia]]\n|-\n| Kayu || Kayu\n|-\n| Tanoh || Tanah\n|-\n| Uwai || Air\n|-\n| Angin || Angin\n|-\n| Aban || Awan\n|-\n| Mataharani || Matahari\n|-\n| Bulan || Bulan \n|-\n| Lawok || Laut \n|-\n| Honi || Pasir \n|-\n| Batu || Batu \n|-\n| Batangari || Sungai \n|-\n| Hujan || Hujan \n|-\n| Kilak || Kilat/petir\n|}\n\n===Kosakata yang memudar===\nBahasa Komering memiliki kosakata yang memudar seiring berkembangnya zaman karena pencampuradukan bahasa Komering dengan bahasa lainnya. Hal ini banyak dilakukan terutama oleh generasi muda.\n\n{| class=\"wikitable sortable\"\n|-\n! Bahasa Komering !! [[Bahasa Indonesia]] !! Catatan\n|-\n| Gumurojai || Gemetar || Gemetaran karena takut, kelaparan, dll\n|-\n| Hapok/hampok || Apek || Berbau apek karena lembab, biasanya digunakan pada pakaian. Di beberapa daerah masih digunakan kata ini, terutama dituturkan oleh orang-orang yang sudah tua.\n|-\n| Nai-nai || Nasi || Nai-nai ini merupakan sinonim dari kata Okan, yang artinya sama-sama nasi, namun Okan lebih populer daripada Nai-nai\n|-\n| Ngiang-kiang || Suara di kejauhan || Ngiang-kiang dipakai untuk menyebutkan suara yang berada di kejauhan atau samar-samar\n|-\n| Ngor-ngor || Ngilu || Susah diartikan ke bahasa Indonesia, ngor-ngor lebih merujuk kepada rasa sakit pada urat, kosakata ini masih dipakai dalam beberapa dialek. Pada dialek Komering Ilir masih digunakan, kendati sudah jarang terdengar.\n|-\n| Nyilok-cilok || Jauh namun masih kelihatan || Nyilok-cilok merujuk kepada benda yang masih jauh tapi sudah tampak.\n|-\n| Ngotor-kotor || Badannya bergetar || Kondisi dimana seseorang yang tubuhnya gemetar.\n|}\n\n== Kalimat Petunjuk ==\n===Tabel===\n{| class=\"wikitable sortable\"\n|-\n! [[Bahasa Indonesia]] !! Bahasa Komering !! Bahasa Lampung Api\n|-\n|Ini || Hasa, Sija || Hijo, Hinji\n|-\n| Itu || Sina || Sina\n|-\n| Disana || Disan || Disan\n|-\n| Disini || Dija || Dija\n|-\n| Disitu || Dido, Duda, Dudo. || Diddo, Duddo, Duddi\n|}\n\n===Contoh Kalimat===\n*Hasa\n- Hasa punti tamboliku jona
(Ini pisang yang tadi saya beli)\n\n*Sina\n- Sina tangunjuk akasmu
(Itu pemberian kakekmu)\n\n*Disan\n- Kuponah juga disan
(Kutunggu saja disana)\n\n*Dija\n- Kok saka sikam ticok-cok dija monah niku
(Sudah lama kami menantimu disini)\n\n\nMaking numur mahap bakdu sikam mongsa kilu\n\n== Kata Ganti ==\n{| class=\"wikitable sortable\"\n|-\n! [[Bahasa Indonesia]] !! Bahasa Komering !! Bahasa Lampung Api\n|-\n| Saya || Onyak || Nyak\n|-\n| Anda || Niku || Niku\n|-\n| Dia || Oya || Iya\n|-\n| Kita/Kami || Sikam ||Sikam\n|-\n| Kalian/Anda || Kuti ||Kutti\n|-\n| Mereka || Tiyan ||Tiyan\n|}\n\n== Kalimat Pertanyaan ==\n===Tabel===\n\n{| class=\"wikitable sortable\"\n|-\n!Bahasa Indonesia !! Bahasa Komering !! Bahasa Lampung Api\n|-\n| Apa || Apiya || Api\n|-\n| Bagaimana || Sanipa || Khapa/ Ghapa\n|-\n| Berapa || Pira || Pikha/ Pigha\n|-\n| Dimana || Dipa || Dipa\n|-\n| Dari Mana || Jak ipa/Jakpa || Jak Dipa\n|-\n| Kemana || Guk ipa/Gukpa || Haguk/ Mit Dipa \n|-\n| Kenapa || Ngapi || Menapi/ Ngapi\n|-\n| Kapan || Idan/Kapan/Kusaka || Kesaka/ Saka\n|-\n| Mana || Sipa || Khipa/ Ghipa\n|-\n| Siapa || Sapa || Sapa\n|}\n\n===Contoh Kalimat===\n*Apiya\n- Apiya sai kuti gawiko ho?
(Apa yang sedang kalian lakukan?)\n\n*Sanipa\n- Sanipa carana mari kita pacak nguwai na?
(Bagaimana caranya supaya kita bisa membuatnya?)\n\n*Pira\n- Pira horga gula ho sakilu?
(Berapa harga gula sekilo?)\n\n*Dipa\n- Dipa pok lombahan akasmu?
(Dimana rumah kakekmu?)\n\n*Jakpa\n- Jakpa kuti tolu na?
(Darimana kalian bertiga?)\n\n*Gukpa\n- Haga gukpa kuti tolu na?
(Mau kemana kalian bertiga?)\n\n*Ngapi\n- Ngapi niku urung gumayok?
(Kenapa kamu batal mudik?)\n\n*Kapan\n- Kapan da niku sempat?
(Kapan kamu sempat?)\n\n*Sipa\n- Sipa jolma sei nostos hulumu jona?
(Mana orang yang memukul kepalamu tadi?)\n\n*Sapa\n- Sapa ratong ho?
(Siapa yang datang?)\n\n== Bilangan ==\n{| class=\"wikitable sortable\"\n|-\n! Bilangan !! Bahasa Indonesia !! Bahasa Komering !! Bahasa Lampung\n|-\n| 1 || Satu || Osai || Sai\n|-\n| 2 || Dua || Rua || Khua/ Ghua/ Rua\n|-\n| 3 || Tiga || Tolu || Telu\n|-\n| 4 || Empat || Opak || Pak\n|-\n| 5 || Lima || Lima || Lima\n|-\n| 6 || Enam || Onom || Enom\n|-\n| 7 || Tujuh || Pitu || Pitu\n|-\n| 8 || Delapan || Walu || Walu\n|-\n| 9 || Sembilan || Suwai || Siwa\n|-\n| 10 || Sepuluh || Puluh || Puluh\n|-\n| 20 || Dua Puluh || Wangapuluh/Wampuluh || Khua/ Ghua/ Rua Puluh\n|-\n| 21 || Dua Puluh Satu || Salikur || Khua Puluh Sai ||\n|-\n| 22 || Dua Puluh Dua || Rua Likur/Walikur ||Khua puluh khua ||\n|-\n| 23 || Dua Puluh Tiga || Tolu Likur || Khua Puluh Telu ||\n|-\n| 24 || Dua Puluh Empat || Pak Likur || Khua Puluh Pak ||\n|-\n| 25 || Dua Puluh Lima || Salawi || Slawi/ Khua Puluh Lima\n|- \n| 26 || Dua Puluh Enam || Nom Likur || Khua Puluh Enom ||\n|-\n| 27 || Dua Puluh Tujuh || Pitu Likur || Khua Puluh Pitu ||\n|-\n| 28 || Dua Puluh Delapan || Walu Likur || Khua Puluh Walu ||\n|-\n| 29 || Dua Puluh Sembilan || Suwai Likur || Khua Puluh Siwa ||\n|-\n| 30 || Tiga Puluh || Tolumpuluh || Telu Puluh||\n|-\n| 40 || Empat Puluh || Pakngapuluh || Pak Puluh ||\n|-\n| 50 || Lima Puluh || Sawi || Lima Puluh\n|-\n| 75 || Tujuh Puluh Lima || Tolu Ngalawi || Walu Puluh Lima ||\n|-\n| 100 || Seratus || Saratus || Sekhatus\n|- \n| 1.000 || Seribu || Saribu || Sekhibu\n|-\n| 1.000.000 || Sejuta || Sajuta || Sangjuta\n|}\n\n== Alfabet ==\n\n===• Alfabet Latin===\n{| class=\"wikitable sortable\"\n|-\n! '''Huruf''' || '''Pengucapan''' || '''IPA'''\n|-\n| '''A''' || A || [a]\n|-\n| '''B''' || Bi || [b]\n|-\n| '''C''' || Ci || [t͡ʃ]\n|-\n| '''D''' || Di || [d]\n|-\n| '''E''' || E/I || [e/ɛ/ə/i]\n|-\n| '''F''' || Ef/Ep || [f/p]\n|-\n| '''G''' || Gi || [ɡ]\n|-\n| '''H''' || Ha || [h]\n|-\n| '''I''' || I || [i]\n|-\n| '''J''' || Ji || [d͡ʒ]\n|-\n| '''K''' || Ka || [ʔ/k]\n|-\n| '''L''' || El || [l]\n|-\n| '''M''' || Em || [m]\n|-\n| '''N''' || En || [n]\n|-\n| '''O''' || O || [o]\n|-\n| '''P''' || Pi || [p]\n|-\n| '''Q''' || Qiyu || [q/k]\n|- \n| '''R''' || Er || [ɣ/r]\n|-\n| '''S''' || Es || [s]\n|-\n| '''T''' || Ti || [t]\n|-\n| '''U''' || U || [u]\n|- \n| '''V''' || Vi || [v/p]\n|-\n| '''W''' || Wi || [w]\n|-\n| '''X''' || Eks || [ks]\n|-\n| '''Y''' || Yi || [j]\n|-\n| '''Z''' || Zed || [z]\n|-\n| '''Ng''' || Eng || [ŋ]\n|-\n| '''Ny''' || Nya || [ɲ]\n|-\n| '''Kh''' || Kha || [x]\n|-\n| '''Sy''' || Sya || [ʃ]\n|}\n\n* '''Catatan'''\n*Pada beberapa dialek huruf /E/ jarang dipakai kecuali pada beberapa dialek, dan untuk kata pinjaman dari [[Bahasa Indonesia]] atau Bahasa lainnya.
\n\n*Orang Komering dan Melayu Palembang memiliki ciri khas dimana tidak bisa mengucapkan /r/ secara jelas melainkan terdengar seperti bunyi /ɣ/ atau dalam bahasa Arab diwakilkan oleh huruf /غ/ meskipun ada beberapa dialek yang bisa mengucapkan huruf R secara jelas.
\n\n*Orang Komering juga jarang melafalkan huruf /f/ atau /v/ keduanya sama saja dibaca /p/. Pada akhir kata huruf /k/ kebanyakan dilafalkan sebagai glottal /ʔ/ dan /k/ sendiri hanya ada pada kata-kata tertentu, kecuali pada pangkal kalimat dan tengah kalimat /k/ tetap diucapkan sebagai /k/.\n\n===• Arab Melayu===\n{| class=\"wikitable sortable\"\n|-\n! '''Huruf''' || '''Pengucapan''' || '''IPA'''\n|-\n| '''ا''' || Alif || [a/ə]\n|-\n| '''ب''' || Ba || [b]\n|-\n| '''ت''' || Ta || [t]\n|-\n| '''ث''' || Tsa || [s]\n|-\n| '''ج''' || Jim || [d͡ʒ]\n|-\n| '''ح''' || Ha || [h]\n|-\n| '''خ''' || Kho || [x]\n|-\n| '''د''' || Dal || [d]\n|-\n| '''ذ''' || Zal || [z]\n|-\n| '''ر''' || Ro || [r]\n|-\n|‌‌ '''ز''' || Zai || [z]\n|-\n| '''س''' || Sin || [s]\n|-\n| '''ش''' || Syin || [ʃ]\n|-\n| '''ص''' ‌|| Sod || [s]\n|-\n| '''ض''' || Dod || [d]\n|-\n| '''ط''' || To || [t]\n|-\n| '''ظ''' || Zo || [z]\n|-\n| '''ع''' || Ain || [ʔ]\n|-\n| '''غ''' || Ghain || [ɣ]\n|-\n| '''ف''' || Fa || [f]\n|-\n| '''ق''' || Qof || [q]\n|-\n| '''ك''' || Kaf || [k]\n|-\n| '''ل''' || Lam || [l]\n|-\n| '''م''' || Mim || [m]\n|-\n| '''ن''' || Nun || [n]\n|-\n| '''و''' || Waw || [w/u/o]\n|-\n| '''ه/ه‍''' || Ha || [h]\n|-\n| '''لا''' || Lam Alif || [l]\n|-\n| '''ء''' || Hamzah || [ʔ]\n|-\n| '''ي''' || Ya || [j/i/e/ɛ]\n|-\n| '''چ''' || Ca || [t͡ʃ]\n|-\n| '''ڤ''' || Pa || [p]\n|-\n| '''ڬ/گ''' || Ga || [ɡ]\n|-\n| '''ڠ''' || Nga || [ŋ]\n|-\n| '''ڽ/ݧ''' || Nya || [ɲ]\n|-\n| '''ۏ''' || Va || [v]\n|-\n| '''ة''' || Ta Marbutoh || [t]\n|}\n\n===•Aksara Komering===\n[[Berkas:Aksara Komering.jpg]]\n\n=== Contoh Teks===\n\n*'''Latin'''\n\n'''Di tiyuh sa nyuba hurik walau kiya butarik-tarik, sipa sei wat sina sei tikanik, kadang kiya banipi mirak jadi jolma hibat mari pacak maha cutik mak lagi kona himat.'''\n\n*'''Arab Melayu'''\n\n'''دي تيوه س ݧوبا هوريک ولاو كيا بوتاريک-تاريک، سيڤا سي وات سينا سي تيكنيک، كداڠ كيا بانيڤي ميراک جادي جولما هيبت، ماري ڤاچک مها چوتيک مک لاگي كونا هيمت.'''\n\n*'''Surat Ulu'''\n\n'''ꤴꥇ ꤳꥇꤿꥈꥁ꥓ ꤼ ꤻꥈꤷ ꥁꥉꤽꥇꤰ꥓ ꥀꤾꥌ ꤰꥇꤿ ꤷꥈꤳꤽꥇꤰ꥓-ꤳꤽꥇꤰ꥓, ꤼꥇꤶ ꤼꥊ ꥀꤳ꥓ ꤼꥇꤵ ꤼꥊ ꤳꥇꤰꤵꥇꤰ꥓, ꤰꤳꥏ ꤰꥇꤿ ꤷꤵꥇꤶꥇ ꤸꥇꤽꤰ꥓ ꤺꤳꥇ ꤺꥋꤾ꥓ꤸ ꥁꥈꤷꤳ꥓ ꤸꤽꥇ ꤶꤹꤰ꥓ ꤸꥁ ꤹꥈꤳꥇꤰ꥓ ꤸꤰ꥓ ꤾꤱꥇ ꤰꥋꤵ ꥁꥇꤸꤳ꥓.'''\n\n*'''Aksara Komering'''\n\n[[Berkas:Teks dalam Aksara Komering.jpg|350px]]\n\n*'''Arti'''\n'''Di desa mencoba hidup meski seadanya, apa yang ada itulah yang dimakan, kadang bermimpi menjadi orang hebat supaya bisa tersenyum sedikit tidak lagi diejek.'''\n\n==Fonologi==\n=== Konsonan ===\n{| class=\"wikitable\" style=\"text-align:center\"\n! colspan=\"2\" |\n![[Labial consonant|Labial]]\n![[Alveolar consonant|Alveolar]]\n![[Palatal consonant|Palatal]]\n![[Velar consonant|Velar]]\n![[Glottal consonant|Glottal]]\n|-\n! colspan=\"2\" |[[Nasal consonant|Nasal]]\n|{{IPAlink|m}}\n|{{IPAlink|n}}\n|{{IPAlink|ɲ}}\n|{{IPAlink|ŋ}}\n|\n|-\n! rowspan=\"2\" |[[Plosive]]/
[[Affricate]]\n!voiceless\n|{{IPAlink|p}}\n|{{IPAlink|t}}\n|{{IPAlink|tʃ}}\n|{{IPAlink|k}}\n|{{IPAlink|ʔ}}\n|-\n!voiced\n|{{IPAlink|b}}\n|{{IPAlink|d}}\n|{{IPAlink|dʒ}}\n|{{IPAlink|ɡ}}\n|\n|-\n! colspan=\"2\" |[[Fricative]]\n|\n|{{IPAlink|s}}\n|\n|\n|{{IPAlink|h}}\n|-\n! colspan=\"2\" |[[Lateral consonant|Lateral]]\n|\n|{{IPAlink|l}}\n|\n|\n|\n|-\n! colspan=\"2\" |[[Trill consonant|Trill]]\n|\n|{{IPAlink|r}}\n|\n|\n|\n|-\n! colspan=\"2\" |[[Approximant]]\n|{{IPAlink|w}}\n|\n|{{IPAlink|j}}\n|\n|\n|}\nFrikatif bersuara {{IPAslink|z}} juga terjadi, tetapi hanya sebagai akibat dari kata pinjaman asing.\n\n=== Vokal ===\n{| class=\"wikitable\" style=\"text-align:center\"\n!\n![[Front vowel|Front]]\n![[Central vowel|Central]]\n![[Back vowel|Back]]\n|-\n![[Close vowel|Close]]\n|{{IPAlink|i}}\n|\n|{{IPAlink|u}}\n|-\n![[Mid vowel|Mid]]\n|\n|\n|{{IPAlink|o}}\n|-\n![[Open vowel|Open]]\n|\n|{{IPAlink|a}}\n|\n|}\n\n== Lihat pula ==\n{{incubator|kge}}\n* [[Bahasa Lampung Nyo]]\n* [[Bahasa Melayu Palembang]]\n* [[Bahasa Musi|Bahasa Melayu Musi]]\n* [[Bahasa Melayu Tengah]]\n* [[Bahasa Lampung Api]]\n\n== Referensi ==\n{{reflist}}\n\n== Pranala luar ==\n* {{ethnologue|kge}}\n*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WLE5XIQJqQ8&ab_channel=ILoveLanguages%21 Ucapan dan contoh perkataan dalam bahasa Komering] - kanal I Love Languages di Youtube\n\n{{DEFAULTSORT:Komering}}\n[[Kategori:Bahasa di Indonesia]]\n[[Kategori:Bahasa di Sumatera Selatan]]","hash":"0898f11a78a1b89f0684fdf6db362a98dd1d1055d28ebabdd1ff7ceb7c5df9eb","last_revision":"2024-03-27T03:05:34Z","first_revision":"2010-07-14T10:12:38Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:05.241360","cross_lingual_links":{"ban":"Basa Komering","bcl":"Tataramon na Komering","bew":"Basa Kumering","en":"Komering language","fr":"Komering","gl":"Lingua komering","hi":"कोमेरिंग भाषा","hr":"Komering jezik","ilo":"Pagsasao a Komering","jv":"Basa Komering","kge":"Basa Kumoring","lt":"Komeringų kalba","min":"Bahaso Komering","ms":"Bahasa Komering","pl":"Język komering","pms":"Lenga Komering","pt":"Língua komering","ru":"Комеринг (язык)","sw":"Kikomering","tt":"Комериң теле","uz":"Komering tili","vi":"Tiếng Komering","zh":"科梅林語"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:49.646268","text":"Bahasa Komering (Surat Ulu: ꤷꥁꤼ ꤰꥋꤸꥉꤽꥇꥏ, Jawi: بهاس كومريڠ) adalah sebuah bahasa yang dituturkan oleh Suku Komering. Beberapa linguis menyatakan bahwa bahasa Komering merupakan dialek dari bahasa Lampung.\n\nSebagian besar linguis menggolongkan bahasa Komering dan bahasa Lampung ke dalam rumpun yang sama, yaitu kelompok keluarga dari Rumpun Bahasa Lampung atau Lampungik.\n\nBahasa Komering memiliki kosakata yang memudar seiring berkembangnya zaman karena pencampuradukan bahasa Komering dengan bahasa lainnya. Hal ini banyak dilakukan terutama oleh generasi muda.\n\nHasa - Hasa punti tamboliku jona (Ini pisang yang tadi saya beli)\n\nSina - Sina tangunjuk akasmu (Itu pemberian kakekmu)\n\nDisan - Kuponah juga disan (Kutunggu saja disana)\n\nDija - Kok saka sikam ticok-cok dija monah niku (Sudah lama kami menantimu disini)\n\nMaking numur mahap bakdu sikam mongsa kilu\n\nApiya - Apiya sai kuti gawiko ho? (Apa yang sedang kalian lakukan?)\n\nSanipa - Sanipa carana mari kita pacak nguwai na? (Bagaimana caranya supaya kita bisa membuatnya?)\n\nPira - Pira horga gula ho sakilu? (Berapa harga gula sekilo?)\n\nDipa - Dipa pok lombahan akasmu? (Dimana rumah kakekmu?)\n\nJakpa - Jakpa kuti tolu na? (Darimana kalian bertiga?)\n\nGukpa - Haga gukpa kuti tolu na? (Mau kemana kalian bertiga?)\n\nNgapi - Ngapi niku urung gumayok? (Kenapa kamu batal mudik?)\n\nKapan - Kapan da niku sempat? (Kapan kamu sempat?)\n\nSipa - Sipa jolma sei nostos hulumu jona? (Mana orang yang memukul kepalamu tadi?)\n\nSapa - Sapa ratong ho? (Siapa yang datang?)\n\nCatatan Pada beberapa dialek huruf /E/ jarang dipakai kecuali pada beberapa dialek, dan untuk kata pinjaman dari Bahasa Indonesia atau Bahasa lainnya.\n\nOrang Komering dan Melayu Palembang memiliki ciri khas dimana tidak bisa mengucapkan /r/ secara jelas melainkan terdengar seperti bunyi /ɣ/ atau dalam bahasa Arab diwakilkan oleh huruf /غ/ meskipun ada beberapa dialek yang bisa mengucapkan huruf R secara jelas.\n\nOrang Komering juga jarang melafalkan huruf /f/ atau /v/ keduanya sama saja dibaca /p/. Pada akhir kata huruf /k/ kebanyakan dilafalkan sebagai glottal /ʔ/ dan /k/ sendiri hanya ada pada kata-kata tertentu, kecuali pada pangkal kalimat dan tengah kalimat /k/ tetap diucapkan sebagai /k/.\n\nLatin\n\nDi tiyuh sa nyuba hurik walau kiya butarik-tarik, sipa sei wat sina sei tikanik, kadang kiya banipi mirak jadi jolma hibat mari pacak maha cutik mak lagi kona himat.\n\nArab Melayu\n\nدي تيوه س ݧوبا هوريک ولاو كيا بوتاريک-تاريک، سيڤا سي وات سينا سي تيكنيک، كداڠ كيا بانيڤي ميراک جادي جولما هيبت، ماري ڤاچک مها چوتيک مک لاگي كونا هيمت.\n\nSurat Ulu\n\nꤴꥇ ꤳꥇꤿꥈꥁ꥓ ꤼ ꤻꥈꤷ ꥁꥉꤽꥇꤰ꥓ ꥀꤾꥌ ꤰꥇꤿ ꤷꥈꤳꤽꥇꤰ꥓-ꤳꤽꥇꤰ꥓, ꤼꥇꤶ ꤼꥊ ꥀꤳ꥓ ꤼꥇꤵ ꤼꥊ ꤳꥇꤰꤵꥇꤰ꥓, ꤰꤳꥏ ꤰꥇꤿ ꤷꤵꥇꤶꥇ ꤸꥇꤽꤰ꥓ ꤺꤳꥇ ꤺꥋꤾ꥓ꤸ ꥁꥈꤷꤳ꥓ ꤸꤽꥇ ꤶꤹꤰ꥓ ꤸꥁ ꤹꥈꤳꥇꤰ꥓ ꤸꤰ꥓ ꤾꤱꥇ ꤰꥋꤵ ꥁꥇꤸꤳ꥓.\n\nAksara Komering\n\nArti Di desa mencoba hidup meski seadanya, apa yang ada itulah yang dimakan, kadang bermimpi menjadi orang hebat supaya bisa tersenyum sedikit tidak lagi diejek.\n\nFrikatif bersuara juga terjadi, tetapi hanya sebagai akibat dari kata pinjaman asing.\n\nBahasa Lampung Nyo Bahasa Melayu Palembang Bahasa Melayu Musi Bahasa Melayu Tengah Bahasa Lampung Api\n\nUcapan dan contoh perkataan dalam bahasa Komering - kanal I Love Languages di Youtube\n\nKategori:Bahasa di Indonesia Kategori:Bahasa di Sumatera Selatan\n","elements":[{"type":"infobox","content":"{{Infobox Bahasa\n|name= Komering\n|nativename= Basa Kumoring
باس كوموريڠ\n| pronounciation= [basa kumoɣiŋ]\n|states=[[Indonesia]]\n|region={{tree list}}\n* [[Sumatera Selatan]]\n** {{Kab singkat|Ogan Komering Ilir}}\n** {{Kab singkat| Ogan Komering Ulu}}\n** {{Kab singkat| Ogan Komering Ulu Timur}}\n** {{Kab singkat| Ogan Komering Ulu Selatan}}\n{{Tree list/end}}\n|ethnicity= [[Suku Komering]]\n|speakers= 370.119 (sensus 2010)\n|familycolor=Austronesian\n|fam2=[[rumpun bahasa Melayu-Polinesia|Melayu-Polinesia]]\n|fam3= [[Rumpun Bahasa Lampung|Lampungik]]\n|stand1= Bahasa Komering Umum\n|dia1= [[Hilir]]\n|dia2= [[Bahasa Kayuagung|Kayuagung]]\n|dia3= Umum\n|dia4= Asli\n|dia5= Daya\n|dia6= Hulu\n|script= \n'''Sekarang'''\n* [[Alfabet Latin|Latin]]\n'''Dahulu'''\n* [[Abjad Jawi|Jawi]]\n'''Secara Historis'''\n* [[Aksara Komering]]\n|map=Lampungic isolects.svg\n|mapcaption=Ragam bahasa Lampung di Sumatra bagian selatan:\n{{legend3|green|Lampung Api}}\n{{legend3|red|Lampung Nyo}}\n{{legend3|blue|Komering}}\n|rank=\n|agency=\n|iso3=kge\n|iso3comment=(kode [[iso639-3:vky|{{code|vky}}]] untuk ragam Kayuagung telah digabungkan ke {{code|kge}} pada tahun 2008){{Cite web|url=https://iso639-3.sil.org/request/2007-195|title=Change Request Documentation: 2007-195|publisher=[[SIL International]]}}\n|glotto=kome1238\n|glottoname=Komering\n|sk=NE\n|HAM = ya\n|contoh_teks= {{rtl-para|كأوݧين جولما تيلاحير كو مرديكا ريک اوت ڤيئيل ريک حق-حق سي گوه گوه. تيان تيئونجوک اكل ڤيكيرن ريک هاتي نوراني ماري تيان داڤوک ݧامڤور ريک سي باريه ن ديلوم سماڠت بوكولڤه.}}{{or}}\n|contoh_romanisasi= Kaunyin jolma tilahir ko mardeka rik uwat pi'il rik hak-hak sei gohgoh. Tiyan tiunjuk akal pikiran rik hati nurani mari tiyan dapok nyampur rik sei barih na dilom semangat bukolpah.\n|pranala_HAM=https://www.omniglot.com/writing/komering.htm\n|extvideo=Bastiar's Dream (Benipi Bastiar) - Komering Language Film\n|extlink=OYUpTBFQ4HY\n}}"},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Bahasa Komering (Surat Ulu: ꤷꥁꤼ ꤰꥋꤸꥉꤽꥇꥏ, Jawi: بهاس كومريڠ) adalah sebuah bahasa yang dituturkan oleh Suku Komering.","translated_text":"The Komering language (Ulu script: ⁇ ⁇ , Jawi: Bahasa Komering) is a language spoken by the Komering people.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"[http://www.joshuaproject.net/languages.php?rol3=kge Komering Speaking Peoples - Joshua Project]","char_index":115,"name":null,"url":"http://www.joshuaproject.net/languages.php?rol3=kge","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html; charset=UTF-8","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":74750,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:31.705079-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":4,"source_quality_raw_score":0.7705078125}],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Beberapa linguis menyatakan bahwa bahasa Komering merupakan dialek dari bahasa Lampung.","translated_text":"Some linguists state that the Komering language is a dialect of the Lampung language.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Sebagian besar linguis menggolongkan bahasa Komering dan bahasa Lampung ke dalam rumpun yang sama, yaitu kelompok keluarga dari Rumpun Bahasa Lampung atau Lampungik.","translated_text":"Most linguists classify the Komering and Lampung languages into the same group, namely the family group of the Lampung or Lampung languages.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Kosakata","translated_text":"The vocabulary","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"heading","text":"Contoh kosakata dalam Bahasa Komering","translated_text":"Examples of vocabulary in the Comorian language","level":3,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"table","content":"{| class=\"wikitable sortable\"\n|-\n! Bahasa Komering !! [[Bahasa Indonesia]]\n|-\n| Kayu || Kayu\n|-\n| Tanoh || Tanah\n|-\n| Uwai || Air\n|-\n| Angin || Angin\n|-\n| Aban || Awan\n|-\n| Mataharani || Matahari\n|-\n| Bulan || Bulan \n|-\n| Lawok || Laut \n|-\n| Honi || Pasir \n|-\n| Batu || Batu \n|-\n| Batangari || Sungai \n|-\n| Hujan || Hujan \n|-\n| Kilak || Kilat/petir\n|}"},{"type":"heading","text":"Kosakata yang memudar","translated_text":"Words that fade away","level":3,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Bahasa Komering memiliki kosakata yang memudar seiring berkembangnya zaman karena pencampuradukan bahasa Komering dengan bahasa lainnya.","translated_text":"The Comorian language has a vocabulary that fades over time due to the blending of the Comorian language with other languages.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Hal ini banyak dilakukan terutama oleh generasi muda.","translated_text":"This is done a lot, especially by the younger generation.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"table","content":"{| class=\"wikitable sortable\"\n|-\n! Bahasa Komering !! [[Bahasa Indonesia]] !! Catatan\n|-\n| Gumurojai || Gemetar || Gemetaran karena takut, kelaparan, dll\n|-\n| Hapok/hampok || Apek || Berbau apek karena lembab, biasanya digunakan pada pakaian. Di beberapa daerah masih digunakan kata ini, terutama dituturkan oleh orang-orang yang sudah tua.\n|-\n| Nai-nai || Nasi || Nai-nai ini merupakan sinonim dari kata Okan, yang artinya sama-sama nasi, namun Okan lebih populer daripada Nai-nai\n|-\n| Ngiang-kiang || Suara di kejauhan || Ngiang-kiang dipakai untuk menyebutkan suara yang berada di kejauhan atau samar-samar\n|-\n| Ngor-ngor || Ngilu || Susah diartikan ke bahasa Indonesia, ngor-ngor lebih merujuk kepada rasa sakit pada urat, kosakata ini masih dipakai dalam beberapa dialek. Pada dialek Komering Ilir masih digunakan, kendati sudah jarang terdengar.\n|-\n| Nyilok-cilok || Jauh namun masih kelihatan || Nyilok-cilok merujuk kepada benda yang masih jauh tapi sudah tampak.\n|-\n| Ngotor-kotor || Badannya bergetar || Kondisi dimana seseorang yang tubuhnya gemetar.\n|}"},{"type":"heading","text":"Kalimat Petunjuk","translated_text":"Sentences of instruction","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"heading","text":"Tabel","translated_text":"The table","level":3,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"table","content":"{| class=\"wikitable sortable\"\n|-\n! [[Bahasa Indonesia]] !! Bahasa Komering !! Bahasa Lampung Api\n|-\n|Ini || Hasa, Sija || Hijo, Hinji\n|-\n| Itu || Sina || Sina\n|-\n| Disana || Disan || Disan\n|-\n| Disini || Dija || Dija\n|-\n| Disitu || Dido, Duda, Dudo. || Diddo, Duddo, Duddi\n|}"},{"type":"heading","text":"Contoh Kalimat","translated_text":"Example of a Sentence","level":3,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Hasa - Hasa punti tamboliku jona (Ini pisang yang tadi saya beli)","translated_text":"This is the banana I bought.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Sina - Sina tangunjuk akasmu (Itu pemberian kakekmu)","translated_text":"Sina-Sina, show me your sign.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Disan - Kuponah juga disan (Kutunggu saja disana)","translated_text":"I'll be there, too.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Dija - Kok saka sikam ticok-cok dija monah niku (Sudah lama kami menantimu disini)","translated_text":"Where are you from? We've been waiting a long time.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Making numur mahap bakdu sikam mongsa kilu","translated_text":"Making the number of bakku sikam mongsa kilu","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Kata Ganti","translated_text":"The word change","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"table","content":"{| class=\"wikitable sortable\"\n|-\n! [[Bahasa Indonesia]] !! Bahasa Komering !! Bahasa Lampung Api\n|-\n| Saya || Onyak || Nyak\n|-\n| Anda || Niku || Niku\n|-\n| Dia || Oya || Iya\n|-\n| Kita/Kami || Sikam ||Sikam\n|-\n| Kalian/Anda || Kuti ||Kutti\n|-\n| Mereka || Tiyan ||Tiyan\n|}"},{"type":"heading","text":"Kalimat Pertanyaan","translated_text":"Question sentences","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"heading","text":"Tabel","translated_text":"The table","level":3,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"table","content":"{| class=\"wikitable sortable\"\n|-\n!Bahasa Indonesia !! Bahasa Komering !! Bahasa Lampung Api\n|-\n| Apa || Apiya || Api\n|-\n| Bagaimana || Sanipa || Khapa/ Ghapa\n|-\n| Berapa || Pira || Pikha/ Pigha\n|-\n| Dimana || Dipa || Dipa\n|-\n| Dari Mana || Jak ipa/Jakpa || Jak Dipa\n|-\n| Kemana || Guk ipa/Gukpa || Haguk/ Mit Dipa \n|-\n| Kenapa || Ngapi || Menapi/ Ngapi\n|-\n| Kapan || Idan/Kapan/Kusaka || Kesaka/ Saka\n|-\n| Mana || Sipa || Khipa/ Ghipa\n|-\n| Siapa || Sapa || Sapa\n|}"},{"type":"heading","text":"Contoh Kalimat","translated_text":"Example of a Sentence","level":3,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Apiya - Apiya sai kuti gawiko ho?","translated_text":"Apiya - Apiya sai kuti gawiko ho?","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"(Apa yang sedang kalian lakukan?)","translated_text":"(What are you doing?)","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Sanipa - Sanipa carana mari kita pacak nguwai na?","translated_text":"So how do we get a hold of him?","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"(Bagaimana caranya supaya kita bisa membuatnya?)","translated_text":"(How can we make it?)","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Pira - Pira horga gula ho sakilu?","translated_text":"How many ounces of sugar do you have?","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"(Berapa harga gula sekilo?)","translated_text":"(How much is a pound of sugar?)","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Dipa - Dipa pok lombahan akasmu?","translated_text":"Where'd you run your races?","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"(Dimana rumah kakekmu?)","translated_text":"(Where's your grandfather's house?)","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Jakpa - Jakpa kuti tolu na?","translated_text":"- How's the tolu?","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"(Darimana kalian bertiga?)","translated_text":"Where are the three of you?","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Gukpa - Haga gukpa kuti tolu na?","translated_text":"What's with the toluene?","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"(Mau kemana kalian bertiga?)","translated_text":"(Where are you three going?)","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Ngapi - Ngapi niku urung gumayok?","translated_text":"Why--why are you a freak?","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"(Kenapa kamu batal mudik?)","translated_text":"(Why did you cancel the trip?)","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kapan - Kapan da niku sempat?","translated_text":"When... when did you get a chance?","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"(Kapan kamu sempat?)","translated_text":"(When did you get a chance?)","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Sipa - Sipa jolma sei nostos hulumu jona?","translated_text":"Hey, hey, hey, hey, hey, hey, hey, hey.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"(Mana orang yang memukul kepalamu tadi?)","translated_text":"(Where's the guy that hit you on the head?)","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Sapa - Sapa ratong ho?","translated_text":"Who's that?","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"(Siapa yang datang?)","translated_text":"(Who's coming?)","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Bilangan","translated_text":"Numbers","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"table","content":"{| class=\"wikitable sortable\"\n|-\n! Bilangan !! Bahasa Indonesia !! Bahasa Komering !! Bahasa Lampung\n|-\n| 1 || Satu || Osai || Sai\n|-\n| 2 || Dua || Rua || Khua/ Ghua/ Rua\n|-\n| 3 || Tiga || Tolu || Telu\n|-\n| 4 || Empat || Opak || Pak\n|-\n| 5 || Lima || Lima || Lima\n|-\n| 6 || Enam || Onom || Enom\n|-\n| 7 || Tujuh || Pitu || Pitu\n|-\n| 8 || Delapan || Walu || Walu\n|-\n| 9 || Sembilan || Suwai || Siwa\n|-\n| 10 || Sepuluh || Puluh || Puluh\n|-\n| 20 || Dua Puluh || Wangapuluh/Wampuluh || Khua/ Ghua/ Rua Puluh\n|-\n| 21 || Dua Puluh Satu || Salikur || Khua Puluh Sai ||\n|-\n| 22 || Dua Puluh Dua || Rua Likur/Walikur ||Khua puluh khua ||\n|-\n| 23 || Dua Puluh Tiga || Tolu Likur || Khua Puluh Telu ||\n|-\n| 24 || Dua Puluh Empat || Pak Likur || Khua Puluh Pak ||\n|-\n| 25 || Dua Puluh Lima || Salawi || Slawi/ Khua Puluh Lima\n|- \n| 26 || Dua Puluh Enam || Nom Likur || Khua Puluh Enom ||\n|-\n| 27 || Dua Puluh Tujuh || Pitu Likur || Khua Puluh Pitu ||\n|-\n| 28 || Dua Puluh Delapan || Walu Likur || Khua Puluh Walu ||\n|-\n| 29 || Dua Puluh Sembilan || Suwai Likur || Khua Puluh Siwa ||\n|-\n| 30 || Tiga Puluh || Tolumpuluh || Telu Puluh||\n|-\n| 40 || Empat Puluh || Pakngapuluh || Pak Puluh ||\n|-\n| 50 || Lima Puluh || Sawi || Lima Puluh\n|-\n| 75 || Tujuh Puluh Lima || Tolu Ngalawi || Walu Puluh Lima ||\n|-\n| 100 || Seratus || Saratus || Sekhatus\n|- \n| 1.000 || Seribu || Saribu || Sekhibu\n|-\n| 1.000.000 || Sejuta || Sajuta || Sangjuta\n|}"},{"type":"heading","text":"Alfabet","translated_text":"The alphabet","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"heading","text":"• Alfabet Latin","translated_text":"• The Latin alphabet","level":3,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"table","content":"{| class=\"wikitable sortable\"\n|-\n! '''Huruf''' || '''Pengucapan''' || '''IPA'''\n|-\n| '''A''' || A || [a]\n|-\n| '''B''' || Bi || [b]\n|-\n| '''C''' || Ci || [t͡ʃ]\n|-\n| '''D''' || Di || [d]\n|-\n| '''E''' || E/I || [e/ɛ/ə/i]\n|-\n| '''F''' || Ef/Ep || [f/p]\n|-\n| '''G''' || Gi || [ɡ]\n|-\n| '''H''' || Ha || [h]\n|-\n| '''I''' || I || [i]\n|-\n| '''J''' || Ji || [d͡ʒ]\n|-\n| '''K''' || Ka || [ʔ/k]\n|-\n| '''L''' || El || [l]\n|-\n| '''M''' || Em || [m]\n|-\n| '''N''' || En || [n]\n|-\n| '''O''' || O || [o]\n|-\n| '''P''' || Pi || [p]\n|-\n| '''Q''' || Qiyu || [q/k]\n|- \n| '''R''' || Er || [ɣ/r]\n|-\n| '''S''' || Es || [s]\n|-\n| '''T''' || Ti || [t]\n|-\n| '''U''' || U || [u]\n|- \n| '''V''' || Vi || [v/p]\n|-\n| '''W''' || Wi || [w]\n|-\n| '''X''' || Eks || [ks]\n|-\n| '''Y''' || Yi || [j]\n|-\n| '''Z''' || Zed || [z]\n|-\n| '''Ng''' || Eng || [ŋ]\n|-\n| '''Ny''' || Nya || [ɲ]\n|-\n| '''Kh''' || Kha || [x]\n|-\n| '''Sy''' || Sya || [ʃ]\n|}"},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Catatan Pada beberapa dialek huruf /E/ jarang dipakai kecuali pada beberapa dialek, dan untuk kata pinjaman dari Bahasa Indonesia atau Bahasa lainnya.","translated_text":"Note In some dialects the letter /E/ is rarely used except in some dialects, and for loan words from Indonesian or other languages.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Orang Komering dan Melayu Palembang memiliki ciri khas dimana tidak bisa mengucapkan /r/ secara jelas melainkan terdengar seperti bunyi /ɣ/ atau dalam bahasa Arab diwakilkan oleh huruf /غ/ meskipun ada beberapa dialek yang bisa mengucapkan huruf R secara jelas.","translated_text":"The Comorian and Malay Palembang people have a distinctive characteristic where they cannot pronounce /r/ clearly but sound like /ɣ/ or in Arabic it is represented by the letter /غ/ although there are some dialects that can pronounce the letter R clearly.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Orang Komering juga jarang melafalkan huruf /f/ atau /v/ keduanya sama saja dibaca /p/. Pada akhir kata huruf /k/ kebanyakan dilafalkan sebagai glottal /ʔ/ dan /k/ sendiri hanya ada pada kata-kata tertentu, kecuali pada pangkal kalimat dan tengah kalimat /k/ tetap diucapkan sebagai /k/.","translated_text":"The Comerians also rarely pronounce the letters /f/ or /v/, both of which read the same as /p/. At the end of the word the letter /k/ is mostly pronounced as glottal /ʔ/ and /k/ itself only exists in certain words, except at the base of the sentence and the middle of the sentence /k/ remains pronounced as /k/.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"• Arab Melayu","translated_text":"• Malay Arabic","level":3,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"table","content":"{| class=\"wikitable sortable\"\n|-\n! '''Huruf''' || '''Pengucapan''' || '''IPA'''\n|-\n| '''ا''' || Alif || [a/ə]\n|-\n| '''ب''' || Ba || [b]\n|-\n| '''ت''' || Ta || [t]\n|-\n| '''ث''' || Tsa || [s]\n|-\n| '''ج''' || Jim || [d͡ʒ]\n|-\n| '''ح''' || Ha || [h]\n|-\n| '''خ''' || Kho || [x]\n|-\n| '''د''' || Dal || [d]\n|-\n| '''ذ''' || Zal || [z]\n|-\n| '''ر''' || Ro || [r]\n|-\n|‌‌ '''ز''' || Zai || [z]\n|-\n| '''س''' || Sin || [s]\n|-\n| '''ش''' || Syin || [ʃ]\n|-\n| '''ص''' ‌|| Sod || [s]\n|-\n| '''ض''' || Dod || [d]\n|-\n| '''ط''' || To || [t]\n|-\n| '''ظ''' || Zo || [z]\n|-\n| '''ع''' || Ain || [ʔ]\n|-\n| '''غ''' || Ghain || [ɣ]\n|-\n| '''ف''' || Fa || [f]\n|-\n| '''ق''' || Qof || [q]\n|-\n| '''ك''' || Kaf || [k]\n|-\n| '''ل''' || Lam || [l]\n|-\n| '''م''' || Mim || [m]\n|-\n| '''ن''' || Nun || [n]\n|-\n| '''و''' || Waw || [w/u/o]\n|-\n| '''ه/ه‍''' || Ha || [h]\n|-\n| '''لا''' || Lam Alif || [l]\n|-\n| '''ء''' || Hamzah || [ʔ]\n|-\n| '''ي''' || Ya || [j/i/e/ɛ]\n|-\n| '''چ''' || Ca || [t͡ʃ]\n|-\n| '''ڤ''' || Pa || [p]\n|-\n| '''ڬ/گ''' || Ga || [ɡ]\n|-\n| '''ڠ''' || Nga || [ŋ]\n|-\n| '''ڽ/ݧ''' || Nya || [ɲ]\n|-\n| '''ۏ''' || Va || [v]\n|-\n| '''ة''' || Ta Marbutoh || [t]\n|}"},{"type":"heading","text":"•Aksara Komering","translated_text":"•Action of the Coming","level":3,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"heading","text":"Contoh Teks","translated_text":"Examples of texts","level":3,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Latin","translated_text":"Latin","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Di tiyuh sa nyuba hurik walau kiya butarik-tarik, sipa sei wat sina sei tikanik, kadang kiya banipi mirak jadi jolma hibat mari pacak maha cutik mak lagi kona himat.","translated_text":"You know, I'm a little bit of a bitch, but sometimes I'm a little bit of a bitch, so let's have a nice little chat.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Arab Melayu","translated_text":"Malay Arab","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"دي تيوه س ݧوبا هوريک ولاو كيا بوتاريک-تاريک، سيڤا سي وات سينا سي تيكنيک، كداڠ كيا بانيڤي ميراک جادي جولما هيبت، ماري ڤاچک مها چوتيک مک لاگي كونا هيمت.","translated_text":"In the story of Shobha Horik and Vallao Kyaa Botarik-Tarak, Shiva C Wat Sena C Technique, the children of Kyaa Banivi Mirak who became Julama Hibat, Mary Vachuk Maha Choteek Mak Laghi Konaa Hemat.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Surat Ulu","translated_text":"The headline","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ꤴꥇ ꤳꥇꤿꥈꥁ꥓ ꤼ ꤻꥈꤷ ꥁꥉꤽꥇꤰ꥓ ꥀꤾꥌ ꤰꥇꤿ ꤷꥈꤳꤽꥇꤰ꥓-ꤳꤽꥇꤰ꥓, ꤼꥇꤶ ꤼꥊ ꥀꤳ꥓ ꤼꥇꤵ ꤼꥊ ꤳꥇꤰꤵꥇꤰ꥓, ꤰꤳꥏ ꤰꥇꤿ ꤷꤵꥇꤶꥇ ꤸꥇꤽꤰ꥓ ꤺꤳꥇ ꤺꥋꤾ꥓ꤸ ꥁꥈꤷꤳ꥓ ꤸꤽꥇ ꤶꤹꤰ꥓ ꤸꥁ ꤹꥈꤳꥇꤰ꥓ ꤸꤰ꥓ ꤾꤱꥇ ꤰꥋꤵ ꥁꥇꤸꤳ꥓.","translated_text":" ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Aksara Komering","translated_text":"Commercial writing","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Arti Di desa mencoba hidup meski seadanya, apa yang ada itulah yang dimakan, kadang bermimpi menjadi orang hebat supaya bisa tersenyum sedikit tidak lagi diejek.","translated_text":"Meaning in the village trying to live despite the fact that what's there is what's eaten, sometimes dreaming of being great so that you can smile a little and not be mocked anymore.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Fonologi","translated_text":"The phonology","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"heading","text":"Konsonan","translated_text":"Consonants","level":3,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"table","content":"{| class=\"wikitable\" style=\"text-align:center\"\n! colspan=\"2\" |\n![[Labial consonant|Labial]]\n![[Alveolar consonant|Alveolar]]\n![[Palatal consonant|Palatal]]\n![[Velar consonant|Velar]]\n![[Glottal consonant|Glottal]]\n|-\n! colspan=\"2\" |[[Nasal consonant|Nasal]]\n|{{IPAlink|m}}\n|{{IPAlink|n}}\n|{{IPAlink|ɲ}}\n|{{IPAlink|ŋ}}\n|\n|-\n! rowspan=\"2\" |[[Plosive]]/
[[Affricate]]\n!voiceless\n|{{IPAlink|p}}\n|{{IPAlink|t}}\n|{{IPAlink|tʃ}}\n|{{IPAlink|k}}\n|{{IPAlink|ʔ}}\n|-\n!voiced\n|{{IPAlink|b}}\n|{{IPAlink|d}}\n|{{IPAlink|dʒ}}\n|{{IPAlink|ɡ}}\n|\n|-\n! colspan=\"2\" |[[Fricative]]\n|\n|{{IPAlink|s}}\n|\n|\n|{{IPAlink|h}}\n|-\n! colspan=\"2\" |[[Lateral consonant|Lateral]]\n|\n|{{IPAlink|l}}\n|\n|\n|\n|-\n! colspan=\"2\" |[[Trill consonant|Trill]]\n|\n|{{IPAlink|r}}\n|\n|\n|\n|-\n! colspan=\"2\" |[[Approximant]]\n|{{IPAlink|w}}\n|\n|{{IPAlink|j}}\n|\n|\n|}"},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Frikatif bersuara juga terjadi, tetapi hanya sebagai akibat dari kata pinjaman asing.","translated_text":"Voiced fricatives also occur, but only as a result of foreign borrowing words.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Vokal","translated_text":"The vowel","level":3,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"table","content":"{| class=\"wikitable\" style=\"text-align:center\"\n!\n![[Front vowel|Front]]\n![[Central vowel|Central]]\n![[Back vowel|Back]]\n|-\n![[Close vowel|Close]]\n|{{IPAlink|i}}\n|\n|{{IPAlink|u}}\n|-\n![[Mid vowel|Mid]]\n|\n|\n|{{IPAlink|o}}\n|-\n![[Open vowel|Open]]\n|\n|{{IPAlink|a}}\n|\n|}"},{"type":"heading","text":"Lihat pula","translated_text":"Look at that.","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Bahasa Lampung Nyo Bahasa Melayu Palembang Bahasa Melayu Musi Bahasa Melayu Tengah Bahasa Lampung Api","translated_text":"Languages Lampung Nyo Malayalam Palembang Malayalam Music Middle Malayalam Lampung Fire","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Referensi","translated_text":"References","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"heading","text":"Pranala luar","translated_text":"External connections","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Ucapan dan contoh perkataan dalam bahasa Komering - kanal I Love Languages di Youtube","translated_text":"Pronouncements and examples of pronouncements in Komering - I Love Languages channel on Youtube","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kategori:Bahasa di Indonesia Kategori:Bahasa di Sumatera Selatan","translated_text":"Category:Languages in Indonesia Category:Languages in South Sumatra","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[{"text":"Bahasa Komering (Surat Ulu: ꤷꥁꤼ ꤰꥋꤸꥉꤽꥇꥏ, Jawi: بهاس كومريڠ) adalah sebuah bahasa yang dituturkan oleh Suku Komering.","translated_text":"The Komering language (Ulu script: ⁇ ⁇ , Jawi: Bahasa Komering) is a language spoken by the Komering people.","citations":[{"content":"[http://www.joshuaproject.net/languages.php?rol3=kge Komering Speaking Peoples - Joshua Project]","char_index":115,"name":null,"url":"http://www.joshuaproject.net/languages.php?rol3=kge","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html; charset=UTF-8","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":74750,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:31.705079-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":4,"source_quality_raw_score":0.7705078125}]}]} +{"title":"Bahasa Kubu","wikicode":"'''Bahasa Kubu''', '''bahasa Anak Dalam''', atau '''bahasa Orang Rimba''' adalah bahasa yang digunakan [[suku Kubu]]. Persebaran penuturnya meliputi provinsi [[Jambi]], [[Riau]], dan [[Sumatera Selatan]]. Bahasa ini termasuk dalam rumpun bahasa [[Austronesia]].\n{{Infobox Bahasa\n|name= Bahasa Kubu\n|nativename= \n|states=[[Indonesia]]\n|region= [[Jambi]], [[Riau]], dan [[Sumatera Selatan]]\n|speakers= 10.000 (1989)\n|familycolor=Austronesia\n|fam1=[[Rumpun bahasa Melayu-Polinesia|Melayu-Polinesia]]\n|fam2=[[Rumpun bahasa Melayu-Chamik|Melayu-Chamik]]\n|fam3=[[Rumpun bahasa Melayik|Melayik]]\n|dialects= \n|dia1=\n|dia2= \n|dia3= \n|script=\n|rank=\n|agency=\n|iso1=-\n|iso2=-\n|iso3=kvb\n}}\nRagam-ragam bahasa Kubu di setiap daerah bisa jadi lebih dekat dengan ragam [[rumpun bahasa Melayik|Melayik]] lain yang dituturkan di sekitarnya alih-alih membentuk satu kelompok yang padu. Ragam Kubu di Sumatera Selatan, misalnya, memiliki kesamaan [[kosakata]] yang tinggi dan berbagi inovasi [[fonologi]]s dengan ragam dari [[rumpun bahasa Musi|rumpun Musi]] yang wilayah tuturnya melingkungi wilayah tutur ragam Kubu Sumsel.{{cite book |last1=McDowell |first1=Jonathan |last2=Anderbeck |first2=Karl |year=2020 |title=The Malay Lects of Southern Sumatra |series=JSEALS Special Publication |volume=7 |publisher=University of Hawai'i Press |hdl=10524/52473|ref=harv}}\n\n== Referensi ==\n{{reflist}}\n\n== Pranala luar ==\n* {{ethnologue|kvb}}\n* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MakuSM1ktS8&ab_channel=ILoveLanguages%21 Ucapan dan contoh perkataan dalam bahasa Anak Dalam] - kanal I Love Languages di Youtube\n\n{{Bahasa daerah di Indonesia}}\n\n{{DEFAULTSORT:Kubu}}\n[[Kategori:Bahasa di Indonesia]]\n[[Kategori:Bahasa di Jambi]]\n[[Kategori:Bahasa di Riau]]\n[[Kategori:Bahasa di Sumatera Selatan]]\n[[Kategori:Kabupaten Sarolangun]]\n[[Kategori:Kabupaten Merangin]]\n[[Kategori:Kabupaten Tebo]]\n[[Kategori:Kabupaten Bungo]]\n[[Kategori:Kabupaten Batanghari]]\n[[Kategori:Rumpun bahasa Melayik]]\n\n\n{{bahasa-stub}}","hash":"3187c1a0453777773df298910ed93d6ffd4401d79d762bbeebc43b454a54d268","last_revision":"2024-03-26T18:21:30Z","first_revision":"2010-07-14T10:13:25Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:05.293136","cross_lingual_links":{"bcl":"Tataramon na Kubu","en":"Kubu language","ha":"Yaren Kubu","iba":"Jaku Kubu","ilo":"Pagsasao a Kubu","ms":"Bahasa Kubu","pl":"Język kubu","pms":"Lenga Kubu","ru":"Кубу (язык)","sw":"Kikubu"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:49.646268","text":"Bahasa Kubu, bahasa Anak Dalam, atau bahasa Orang Rimba adalah bahasa yang digunakan suku Kubu. Persebaran penuturnya meliputi provinsi Jambi, Riau, dan Sumatera Selatan. Bahasa ini termasuk dalam rumpun bahasa Austronesia.\n\nRagam-ragam bahasa Kubu di setiap daerah bisa jadi lebih dekat dengan ragam Melayik lain yang dituturkan di sekitarnya alih-alih membentuk satu kelompok yang padu. Ragam Kubu di Sumatera Selatan, misalnya, memiliki kesamaan kosakata yang tinggi dan berbagi inovasi fonologis dengan ragam dari rumpun Musi yang wilayah tuturnya melingkungi wilayah tutur ragam Kubu Sumsel.\n\nUcapan dan contoh perkataan dalam bahasa Anak Dalam - kanal I Love Languages di Youtube\n\nKategori:Bahasa di Indonesia Kategori:Bahasa di Jambi Kategori:Bahasa di Riau Kategori:Bahasa di Sumatera Selatan Kategori:Kabupaten Sarolangun Kategori:Kabupaten Merangin Kategori:Kabupaten Tebo Kategori:Kabupaten Bungo Kategori:Kabupaten Batanghari Kategori:Rumpun bahasa Melayik\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Bahasa Kubu, bahasa Anak Dalam, atau bahasa Orang Rimba adalah bahasa yang digunakan suku Kubu.","translated_text":"The Kubu language, Inner Children's language, or Rimba language is the language spoken by the Kubu people.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Persebaran penuturnya meliputi provinsi Jambi, Riau, dan Sumatera Selatan.","translated_text":"Its speakers spread across the provinces of Jambi, Riau, and South Sumatra.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Bahasa ini termasuk dalam rumpun bahasa Austronesia.","translated_text":"It belongs to the Austronesian language family.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"infobox","content":"{{Infobox Bahasa\n|name= Bahasa Kubu\n|nativename= \n|states=[[Indonesia]]\n|region= [[Jambi]], [[Riau]], dan [[Sumatera Selatan]]\n|speakers= 10.000 (1989)\n|familycolor=Austronesia\n|fam1=[[Rumpun bahasa Melayu-Polinesia|Melayu-Polinesia]]\n|fam2=[[Rumpun bahasa Melayu-Chamik|Melayu-Chamik]]\n|fam3=[[Rumpun bahasa Melayik|Melayik]]\n|dialects= \n|dia1=\n|dia2= \n|dia3= \n|script=\n|rank=\n|agency=\n|iso1=-\n|iso2=-\n|iso3=kvb\n}}"},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Ragam-ragam bahasa Kubu di setiap daerah bisa jadi lebih dekat dengan ragam Melayik lain yang dituturkan di sekitarnya alih-alih membentuk satu kelompok yang padu.","translated_text":"The Kubu varieties in each region may be closer to the other Malayk varieties spoken around them rather than forming a cohesive group.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Ragam Kubu di Sumatera Selatan, misalnya, memiliki kesamaan kosakata yang tinggi dan berbagi inovasi fonologis dengan ragam dari rumpun Musi yang wilayah tuturnya melingkungi wilayah tutur ragam Kubu Sumsel.","translated_text":"Kubu varieties in South Sumatra, for example, have a high vocabulary similarity and share phonological innovations with the varieties of Musi that surround the Sumsel Kubu varieties.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[{"content":"{{cite book |last1=McDowell |first1=Jonathan |last2=Anderbeck |first2=Karl |year=2020 |title=The Malay Lects of Southern Sumatra |series=JSEALS Special Publication |volume=7 |publisher=University of Hawai'i Press |hdl=10524/52473|ref=harv}}","char_index":207,"name":"SSML","url":null,"source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":null,"source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Referensi","translated_text":"References","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"heading","text":"Pranala luar","translated_text":"External connections","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Ucapan dan contoh perkataan dalam bahasa Anak Dalam - kanal I Love Languages di Youtube","translated_text":"Sentences and examples of sentences in Children's Languages - channel I Love Languages on Youtube","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kategori:Bahasa di Indonesia Kategori:Bahasa di Jambi Kategori:Bahasa di Riau Kategori:Bahasa di Sumatera Selatan Kategori:Kabupaten Sarolangun Kategori:Kabupaten Merangin Kategori:Kabupaten Tebo Kategori:Kabupaten Bungo Kategori:Kabupaten Batanghari Kategori:Rumpun bahasa Melayik","translated_text":"Category:Language in Indonesia Category:Language in Jambi Category:Language in Riau Category:Language in South Sumatra Category:Language in South Sumatra","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[{"text":"Ragam-ragam bahasa Kubu di setiap daerah bisa jadi lebih dekat dengan ragam Melayik lain yang dituturkan di sekitarnya alih-alih membentuk satu kelompok yang padu. Ragam Kubu di Sumatera Selatan, misalnya, memiliki kesamaan kosakata yang tinggi dan berbagi inovasi fonologis dengan ragam dari rumpun Musi yang wilayah tuturnya melingkungi wilayah tutur ragam Kubu Sumsel.","translated_text":"The Kubu varieties in each region may be closer to the other Malayk varieties spoken around them rather than forming a cohesive group. Kubu varieties in South Sumatra, for example, have a high vocabulary similarity and share phonological innovations with the varieties of Musi that surround the Sumsel Kubu varieties.","citations":[{"content":"{{cite book |last1=McDowell |first1=Jonathan |last2=Anderbeck |first2=Karl |year=2020 |title=The Malay Lects of Southern Sumatra |series=JSEALS Special Publication |volume=7 |publisher=University of Hawai'i Press |hdl=10524/52473|ref=harv}}","char_index":371,"name":"SSML","url":null,"source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":null,"source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]}]} +{"title":"Bahasa Loncong","wikicode":"{{Infobox Bahasa\n|name= Loncong\n|nativename= Sekak, Orang Laut\n|states=* {{flag|Indonesia}}\n----\n|region=* {{flag|Riau}}\n* {{flag|Kepulauan Riau}}\n* {{flag|Bangka Belitung}}\n|speakers= 420 (2000)\n|familycolor=Austronesia\n|fam1=[[Rumpun bahasa Melayu-Polinesia|Melayu-Polinesia]]\n|fam2=[[Rumpun bahasa Melayu-Sumbawa|Melayu-Sumbawa]]\n|fam3=[[Rumpun bahasa Melayik|Melayik]]\n|fam4=[[Rumpun bahasa Melayu|Melayu]]\n|dialects= \n|dia1=\n|dia2= \n|dia3= \n|script=\n|rank=\n|agency=\n|iso1=-\n|iso2=-\n|iso3=lce\n}}\n'''Bahasa Loncong''', '''bahasa Sekak''', atau '''bahasa Orang Laut''' adalah [[bahasa]] yang digunakan [[suku Laut]], [[suku Sekak|Sekak]], [[suku Sawang|Sawang]], dan sub-suku Laut lainnya.[http://www.joshuaproject.net/languages.php?rol3=lce Loncong Speaking Peoples - Joshua Project] Penuturnya tersebar di pesisir timur mulut [[sungai Kampar]] dan [[sungai Indragiri|Indragiri]] hingga pulau-pulau sekitarnya, juga di pesisir [[pulau Bangka]] dan [[pulau Belitung|Belitung]]. Bahasa ini termasuk dalam rumpun bahasa [[Austronesia]].\n\n== Referensi ==\n{{reflist}}\n\n== Pranala luar ==\n* {{en}} {{ethnologue|lce}}\n\n{{Bahasa daerah di Indonesia}}\n\n{{DEFAULTSORT:Loncong}}\n[[Kategori:Bahasa di Indonesia]]\n[[Kategori:Bahasa di Kepulauan Bangka Belitung]]\n[[Kategori:Bahasa di Kepulauan Riau]]\n[[Kategori:Bahasa di Riau]]","hash":"2be0e38d3bf61908895af76707f45bc2606336c05557eac2d5f36ce2a82e195e","last_revision":"2023-05-24T15:41:02Z","first_revision":"2010-07-14T10:15:13Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:05.356509","cross_lingual_links":{"bcl":"Tataramon na Loncong","en":"Loncong language","fr":"Sekak","ilo":"Pagsasao a Loncong","ms":"Bahasa Orang Laut","pl":"Język sekak","pms":"Lenga Loncong","sw":"Kisekak","zh":"伦从语"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:49.646268","text":"Bahasa Loncong, bahasa Sekak, atau bahasa Orang Laut adalah bahasa yang digunakan suku Laut, Sekak, Sawang, dan sub-suku Laut lainnya. Penuturnya tersebar di pesisir timur mulut sungai Kampar dan Indragiri hingga pulau-pulau sekitarnya, juga di pesisir pulau Bangka dan Belitung. Bahasa ini termasuk dalam rumpun bahasa Austronesia.\n\nKategori:Bahasa di Indonesia Kategori:Bahasa di Kepulauan Bangka Belitung Kategori:Bahasa di Kepulauan Riau Kategori:Bahasa di Riau\n","elements":[{"type":"infobox","content":"{{Infobox Bahasa\n|name= Loncong\n|nativename= Sekak, Orang Laut\n|states=* {{flag|Indonesia}}\n----\n|region=* {{flag|Riau}}\n* {{flag|Kepulauan Riau}}\n* {{flag|Bangka Belitung}}\n|speakers= 420 (2000)\n|familycolor=Austronesia\n|fam1=[[Rumpun bahasa Melayu-Polinesia|Melayu-Polinesia]]\n|fam2=[[Rumpun bahasa Melayu-Sumbawa|Melayu-Sumbawa]]\n|fam3=[[Rumpun bahasa Melayik|Melayik]]\n|fam4=[[Rumpun bahasa Melayu|Melayu]]\n|dialects= \n|dia1=\n|dia2= \n|dia3= \n|script=\n|rank=\n|agency=\n|iso1=-\n|iso2=-\n|iso3=lce\n}}"},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Bahasa Loncong, bahasa Sekak, atau bahasa Orang Laut adalah bahasa yang digunakan suku Laut, Sekak, Sawang, dan sub-suku Laut lainnya.","translated_text":"The Loncong, Shak, or Sea People languages are the languages spoken by the Sea, Shak, Sawang, and other Sea sub-tribes.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"[http://www.joshuaproject.net/languages.php?rol3=lce Loncong Speaking Peoples - Joshua Project]","char_index":134,"name":null,"url":"http://www.joshuaproject.net/languages.php?rol3=lce","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html; charset=UTF-8","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":67766,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:33.583069-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":4,"source_quality_raw_score":0.7705078125}],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Penuturnya tersebar di pesisir timur mulut sungai Kampar dan Indragiri hingga pulau-pulau sekitarnya, juga di pesisir pulau Bangka dan Belitung.","translated_text":"Its speakers spread along the eastern shore of the mouths of the Kampar and Indragiri rivers to the surrounding islands, as well as off the coasts of the islands of Bangka and Belitung.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Bahasa ini termasuk dalam rumpun bahasa Austronesia.","translated_text":"It belongs to the Austronesian language family.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Referensi","translated_text":"References","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"heading","text":"Pranala luar","translated_text":"External connections","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kategori:Bahasa di Indonesia Kategori:Bahasa di Kepulauan Bangka Belitung Kategori:Bahasa di Kepulauan Riau Kategori:Bahasa di Riau","translated_text":"Category:Language in Indonesia Category:Language in the Bangka Belitung Islands Category:Language in the Riau Islands Category:Language in the Riau Islands","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[{"text":"Bahasa Loncong, bahasa Sekak, atau bahasa Orang Laut adalah bahasa yang digunakan suku Laut, Sekak, Sawang, dan sub-suku Laut lainnya.","translated_text":"The Loncong, Shak, or Sea People languages are the languages spoken by the Sea, Shak, Sawang, and other Sea sub-tribes.","citations":[{"content":"[http://www.joshuaproject.net/languages.php?rol3=lce Loncong Speaking Peoples - Joshua Project]","char_index":134,"name":null,"url":"http://www.joshuaproject.net/languages.php?rol3=lce","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html; charset=UTF-8","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":67766,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:33.583069-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":4,"source_quality_raw_score":0.7705078125}]}]} +{"title":"Suku Loncong","wikicode":"#ALIH [[Suku Laut (Indonesia)]]","hash":"e8923b93292c59fc3943bb9736b85c583dbf900fa04d2ed79bc0d01e0d2f8bf8","last_revision":"2021-05-26T10:49:08Z","first_revision":"2010-07-14T10:18:43Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:05.414766","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH Suku Laut (Indonesia)\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH Suku Laut (Indonesia)","translated_text":"ALIH of the Sea Tribe (Indonesia)","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"The Opposite Side of the Sea","wikicode":"{{Infobox Album |\n Name = The Opposite Side of the Sea |\n Type = Album |\n Artist = [[Oren Lavie]] |\n Cover = |\n Released = 27 Januari 2007 |\n Genre = Indie |\n Label = [[A Quarter Past Wonderful]] |\n}}\n'''''The Opposite Side of the Sea''''' adalah album pertama penyanyi solo [[Oren Lavie]] asal [[Israel]]. Album ini dirilis di [[Eropa]] pada bulan Januari/Februari dan kurang mendapat kesuksesan. Selanjutnya, album ''The Opposite Side of the Sea'' dirilis di [[Amerika Serikat]] pada 10 Maret 2009 oleh labelnya sendiri \"''A Quarter Past Wonderful''\" yang dinamakan sama dengan salah satu judul lagunya. Label ini menandatangani kerjasama distribusi bersama \"''Adrenaline/Rocket science''\" untuk mempromosikan album.\n\nSebelum dirilis, album ini telah tersedia di ''ITunes store'' untuk pengunduhan digital pada 29 Januari\n\n== Lagu ==\n1. Her Morning Elegance
\n2. The Man Who Isn't There
\n3. The Opposite Side Of The Sea
\n4. Locked In A Room
\n5. Ruby Rises
\n6. A Dream Within A Dream
\n7. Trouble Don't Rhyme
\n8. A Short Goodbye
\n9. Don't Let Your Hair Grow Too Long
\n10. Blue Smile
\n11. Unhidden Track: Quarter Past Wonderful\n\n== Riwayat perilisan ==\n{|class=\"wikitable\"\n! Country\n! Date\n|-\n| [[Austria]]\n|rowspan=\"3\"|27 Januari 2007\n|-\n| [[Jerman]]\n|-\n| [[Swiss]]\n|-\n| [[Britania Raya]]\n| 5 Februari 2007\n|-\n| [[Amerika Serikat]]\n| 10 Maret 2009\n|}\n\n== Referensi ==\nhttp://www.orenlavie.com/book.html {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090218141427/http://orenlavie.com/book.html |date=2009-02-18 }}\n\n{{DEFAULTSORT:Opposite Side of the Sea}}\n[[Kategori:Album tahun 2007]]\n[[Kategori:Album Oren Lavie]]","hash":"e4e9959ee1a86914c5cba91da7bd9bfb0db1f80709b0740c804cbd5c75b35627","last_revision":"2021-05-28T01:39:28Z","first_revision":"2010-07-14T11:19:35Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:05.475273","cross_lingual_links":{"en":"The Opposite Side of the Sea"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:49.646268","text":"The Opposite Side of the Sea adalah album pertama penyanyi solo Oren Lavie asal Israel. Album ini dirilis di Eropa pada bulan Januari/Februari dan kurang mendapat kesuksesan. Selanjutnya, album The Opposite Side of the Sea dirilis di Amerika Serikat pada 10 Maret 2009 oleh labelnya sendiri \"A Quarter Past Wonderful\" yang dinamakan sama dengan salah satu judul lagunya. Label ini menandatangani kerjasama distribusi bersama \"Adrenaline/Rocket science\" untuk mempromosikan album.\n\nSebelum dirilis, album ini telah tersedia di ITunes store untuk pengunduhan digital pada 29 Januari\n\n1. Her Morning Elegance\n\n2. The Man Who Isn't There\n\n3. The Opposite Side Of The Sea\n\n4. Locked In A Room\n\n5. Ruby Rises\n\n6. A Dream Within A Dream\n\n7. Trouble Don't Rhyme\n\n8. A Short Goodbye\n\n9. Don't Let Your Hair Grow Too Long\n\n10. Blue Smile\n\n11. Unhidden Track: Quarter Past Wonderful\n\nKategori:Album tahun 2007 Kategori:Album Oren Lavie\n","elements":[{"type":"infobox","content":"{{Infobox Album |\n Name = The Opposite Side of the Sea |\n Type = Album |\n Artist = [[Oren Lavie]] |\n Cover = |\n Released = 27 Januari 2007 |\n Genre = Indie |\n Label = [[A Quarter Past Wonderful]] |\n}}"},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"The Opposite Side of the Sea adalah album pertama penyanyi solo Oren Lavie asal Israel.","translated_text":"The Opposite Side of the Sea is the debut solo album by Israeli singer Oren Lavie.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Album ini dirilis di Eropa pada bulan Januari/Februari dan kurang mendapat kesuksesan.","translated_text":"The album was released in Europe in January/February and was less successful.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Selanjutnya, album The Opposite Side of the Sea dirilis di Amerika Serikat pada 10 Maret 2009 oleh labelnya sendiri \"A Quarter Past Wonderful\" yang dinamakan sama dengan salah satu judul lagunya.","translated_text":"Subsequently, the album The Opposite Side of the Sea was released in the United States on March 10, 2009 by his own label \"A Quarter Past Wonderful\" which bears the same name as one of his song titles.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Label ini menandatangani kerjasama distribusi bersama \"Adrenaline/Rocket science\" untuk mempromosikan album.","translated_text":"The label signed a distribution partnership with \"Adrenaline/Rocket Science\" to promote the album.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Sebelum dirilis, album ini telah tersedia di ITunes store untuk pengunduhan digital pada 29 Januari","translated_text":"Prior to its release, the album was available on the iTunes store for digital download on January 29.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Lagu","translated_text":"The song.","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"1.","translated_text":"One of them.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Her Morning Elegance","translated_text":"Her Morning Elegance","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"2. The Man Who Isn't There","translated_text":"2. The Man Who Is Not There","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"3. The Opposite Side Of The Sea","translated_text":"3. The Opposite Side of the Sea","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"4. Locked In A Room","translated_text":"4. Locked in a room","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"5. Ruby Rises","translated_text":"Ruby Rises 5.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"6.","translated_text":"Six of them.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"A Dream Within A Dream","translated_text":"A dream within a dream","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"7. Trouble Don't Rhyme","translated_text":"7. Trouble Don't Rhyme","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"8.","translated_text":"Eight.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"A Short Goodbye","translated_text":"A short farewell","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"9.","translated_text":"Nine of them.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Don't Let Your Hair Grow Too Long","translated_text":"Don't let your hair grow too long","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"10.","translated_text":"Ten of them.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Blue Smile","translated_text":"The Blue Smile","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"11.","translated_text":"It's 11.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Unhidden Track: Quarter Past Wonderful","translated_text":"Unhidden Track: Quarter Past Wonderful","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Riwayat perilisan","translated_text":"Release history","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"table","content":"{|class=\"wikitable\"\n! Country\n! Date\n|-\n| [[Austria]]\n|rowspan=\"3\"|27 Januari 2007\n|-\n| [[Jerman]]\n|-\n| [[Swiss]]\n|-\n| [[Britania Raya]]\n| 5 Februari 2007\n|-\n| [[Amerika Serikat]]\n| 10 Maret 2009\n|}"},{"type":"heading","text":"Referensi","translated_text":"References","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kategori:Album tahun 2007 Kategori:Album Oren Lavie","translated_text":"Category:Album of the year 2007 Category:Album by Oren Lavie","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Templat:Wali kota Bandung","wikicode":"{{Navbox\n|name = Wali kota Bandung\n| listclass = hlist\n| title = [[Daftar Wali Kota Bandung|Wali Kota]] [[Kota Bandung|Bandung]]\n|image =[[Berkas:Lambang_Kota_Bandung.svg|60px|Lambang Kota Bandung]]\n| list1 =\n* [[E.A. Maurenbrecher]] (1906–1907)\n* [[R.E. Krijboom]] (1907–1908)\n* [[J.A. van Der Ent]] (1909–1910)\n* [[J.J. Verwijk]] (1910–1912)\n* [[C.C.B. van Vlenier]] (1912–1913)\n* [[B. van Bijveld]] (1913–1920)\n* [[Bertus Coops]] (1920–1921), (1928–1934)\n* [[S.A. Reitsma]] (1921–1928)\n* [[J.E.A. van Volsogen Kuhr|Ir. J.E.A. van Volsogen Kuhr]] (1929–1935)\n* [[J.M. Wesselink|Mr. J.M. Wesselink]] (1936–1941)\n* [[Ating Atmadinata|R. Ating Atmadinata]] (1941–1945)\n* [[Sjamsuridjal|R. Sjamsuridjal]] (1945–1947)\n* [[Ukar Bratakusumah|Ir. Oekar Bratakoesoemah]] (1947–1949 )\n* [[R. Enoch]] (1949–1957)\n* [[Priatna Kusumah|R. Priatna Kusumah]] (1957–1966)\n* [[Didi Djukardi|R. Didi Djukardi]] (1966–1968)\n* [[Hidayat Sukarmadidjaja|R. Hidayat Sukarmadidjaja]] (1968–1970)\n* [[Otje Djundjunan]] (1971–1976)\n* [[Utju Djoenaedi|H.Utju Djoenaedi]] (1976–1978)\n* [[Husen Wangsaatmadja|R. Husen Wangsaatmadja]] (1978–1983)\n* [[Ateng Wahyudi|H. Ateng Wahyudi]] (1983–1988–1993)\n* [[Wahyu Hamidjaja|H. Wahyu Hamidjaja]] (1993–1998)\n* [[Aa Tarmana|H. Aa Tarmana]] (1998–2003)\n* [[Dada Rosada|H. Dada Rosada]] (2003–2013)\n* [[Ridwan Kamil|M. Ridwan Kamil]] (2013–2018)\n* [[Oded Muhammad Danial|Oded M. Danial]] (2018–2021)\n* [[Yana Mulyana]] (2021–2023)\n* [[Ema Sumarna]] (plh) (2023)\n* [[Bambang Tirtoyuliono]] (Pj) (2023–sekarang)\n}}\n[[Kategori:Templat navigasi tokoh Indonesia]]\n","hash":"5cecc35c25e1f39f19ceb95196777892dd0df5b5d19caada34e480bafa0d5db4","last_revision":"2023-11-19T16:34:43Z","first_revision":"2010-07-14T11:20:41Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:05.530860","cross_lingual_links":{"en":"Template:Mayors of Bandung"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:49.646268","text":"Kategori:Templat navigasi tokoh Indonesia\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kategori","translated_text":"Categories","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":":Templat navigasi tokoh Indonesia","translated_text":"Indonesian figure navigation template","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"USS Potomac (1822)","wikicode":"{{noref}}\n{{untuk|kapal lain yang bernama sama|USS Potomac}}\n{{Infobox Ship|\n|Ship table fate=status\n|Draught=(US)\n|Ship image=[[Berkas:Potomac-frigate.jpeg|300px|The USS ''Potomac'']]\n|Ship caption= \n|Ship country= \n|Ship flag={{USN flag|1862}} \n|Ship ordered=\n|Ship laid down=[[Agustus]] [[1819]]\n|Ship launched=[[Maret]] [[1822]]\n|Ship purchased=\n|Ship commissioned=[[1831]]\n|Ship decommissioned= [[13 Januari]] [[1877]]\n|Ship in service=\n|Ship out of service=\n|Ship captured=\n|Ship fate= Dijual [[24 Mei]] 1877\n|Ship struck=\n|Ship reinstated=\n|Ship homeport=\n|Ship displacement=1.726 ton\n|Ship length=177,83 kaki (54,2 m)\n|Ship beam=46,17 kaki (14,07 m)\n|Ship draft=20,5 kaki (6,2 m)\n|Ship propulsion=\n|Ship speed=\n|Ship range=\n|Ship capacity=\n|Ship complement=480 perwira dan orang\n|Ship time to activate=\n|Ship sensors=\n|Ship EW=\n|Ship armament=42 senapan berpenumbuk 32, 8 senapan \"selongsong\" 8 [[inci]]\n|Ship armour=\n|Ship aircraft=\n|Ship motto=\n|Ship nickname=\n|}}\n'''USS ''Potomac''''' adalah [[fregat]] [[Angkatan Laut Amerika Serikat]].\n\n''Potomac'' mulai dibuat pada bulan [[Agustus]] [[1819]] di [[Washington Navy Yard]] dan diluncurkan pada bulan [[Maret]] [[1822]]. Kapal belum dilengkapi secara menyeluruh hingga tahun [[1831]], ketika [[Kapten]] [[John Downes]] mendapatkan komando sebagai perwira komandan pertamanya.\n\nDalam perjalanan lintas samudera pertamanya, ''Potomac'' meninggalkan [[New York]] pada tanggal [[19 Agustus]] 1831 ke [[Skuadron Pasifik]] melalui [[Tanjung Harapan]]. Pada tanggal [[6 Februari]] [[1832]], ''Potomac'' yang sejatinya hendak membawa [[Menteri Luar Negeri Amerika Serikat|MenLu]] [[Martin Van Buren]] ke [[Britania Raya]] diarahkan ke [[Aceh]] dan [[Serangan Amerika Serikat ke Kuala Batee (1832)|menyerang Kuala Batee]] sebagai pembalasan atas pembajakan [[kapal]] ''[[Friendship (1830-an)|Friendship]]'' dari [[Salem, Massachusetts]] dan pembunuhan [[anak buah kapal]]nya pada bulan [[Februari]] 1831. Dari 282 [[nakhoda]] dan [[marinir]] yang mendarat, 2 orang terbunuh sementara 150 [[penduduk]] [[Kuala Batee, Aceh Barat Daya|Kuala Batee]], termasuk tetuanya [[Poh Muhammad]] meninggal. Setelah mengelilingi [[dunia]], ''Potomac'' kembali ke [[Boston]] pada tanggal [[23 Mei]] [[1834]].\n\n''Potomac'' kemudian mengadakan perjalanan sebanyak 2 kali ke [[Skuadron Brasil]] untuk melindungi kepentingan AS di [[Amerika Latin]] ([[20 Oktober]] 1834-[[5 Maret]] [[1837]] dan [[12 Mei]] [[1840]]-[[31 Juli]] [[1842]]). Antara tanggal [[8 Desember]] [[1844]]-[[4 Desember]] [[1845]], ''Potomac'' meronda [[Hindia Barat]], dan kembali meronda di [[Karibia]] antara tanggal [[14 Maret]] [[1846]]-[[20 Juli]] [[1847]]. Selama masa terakhir, ''Potomac'' mendarat di [[Port Isabel, Texas]], pada tanggal [[8 Mei]] 1846 untuk mengangkut [[tentara]] yang dipimpin [[Jenderal|Jend.]] [[Zachary Taylor]] dalam [[Pertempuran Palo Alto]]. ''Potomac'' juga ikut serta dalam [[Pengepungan Veracruz]] antara tanggal [[9 Maret|9]]-[[28 Maret]] [[1847]].\n\n''Potomac'' bertindak sebagai [[kapal pemimpin]] untuk [[Skuadron Dalam Negeri]] antara tahun [[1855]]–[[1856]]. Saat [[Perang Saudara Amerika]] pecah, kapal ini bertolak dari [[New York City]] pada tanggal [[10 September]] [[1861]] ke [[Skuadron Blokade Teluk]] lepas Teluk Mobile. Pada saat ini, [[William T. Sampson]] bertugas di kapal hingga tanggal [[25 Desember]] [[1861]] ketika dipindahkan ke ''[[USS Water Witch (1851)|Water Witch]]'' sebagai perwira eksekutif. ''Potomac'' menjadi kapal perbekalan untuk skuadron dan tetap di [[Pensacola Navy Yard]] sebagai kapal penerima hingga tahun [[1867]], ketika dikirim ke [[Philadelphia, Pennsylvania|Philadelphia]]. ''Potomac'' tetap di [[League Island Navy Yard]], Philadelphia hingga dinonaktifkan pada tanggal [[13 Januari]] [[1877]]. Kapal ini dijual ke [[E. Stannard & Company]] pada tanggal [[24 Mei]] 1877.\n\n[[Kategori:Kapal perang Amerika Serikat|Potomac (1822)]]","hash":"b4ed0a73746ef46981a845d92a026a37b60b5406347bcf8b0243f5dcb133ebf2","last_revision":"2017-01-24T13:39:22Z","first_revision":"2010-07-14T11:25:06Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:05.581735","cross_lingual_links":{"en":"USS Potomac (1822)","fa":"یواس‌اس پوتوماک (۱۸۲۲)","pl":"USS Potomac (1822)"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:49.646268","text":"USS Potomac adalah fregat Angkatan Laut Amerika Serikat.\n\nPotomac mulai dibuat pada bulan Agustus 1819 di Washington Navy Yard dan diluncurkan pada bulan Maret 1822. Kapal belum dilengkapi secara menyeluruh hingga tahun 1831, ketika Kapten John Downes mendapatkan komando sebagai perwira komandan pertamanya.\n\nDalam perjalanan lintas samudera pertamanya, Potomac meninggalkan New York pada tanggal 19 Agustus 1831 ke Skuadron Pasifik melalui Tanjung Harapan. Pada tanggal 6 Februari 1832, Potomac yang sejatinya hendak membawa MenLu Martin Van Buren ke Britania Raya diarahkan ke Aceh dan menyerang Kuala Batee sebagai pembalasan atas pembajakan kapal Friendship dari Salem, Massachusetts dan pembunuhan anak buah kapalnya pada bulan Februari 1831. Dari 282 nakhoda dan marinir yang mendarat, 2 orang terbunuh sementara 150 penduduk Kuala Batee, termasuk tetuanya Poh Muhammad meninggal. Setelah mengelilingi dunia, Potomac kembali ke Boston pada tanggal 23 Mei 1834.\n\nPotomac kemudian mengadakan perjalanan sebanyak 2 kali ke Skuadron Brasil untuk melindungi kepentingan AS di Amerika Latin (20 Oktober 1834-5 Maret 1837 dan 12 Mei 1840-31 Juli 1842). Antara tanggal 8 Desember 1844-4 Desember 1845, Potomac meronda Hindia Barat, dan kembali meronda di Karibia antara tanggal 14 Maret 1846-20 Juli 1847. Selama masa terakhir, Potomac mendarat di Port Isabel, Texas, pada tanggal 8 Mei 1846 untuk mengangkut tentara yang dipimpin Jend. Zachary Taylor dalam Pertempuran Palo Alto. Potomac juga ikut serta dalam Pengepungan Veracruz antara tanggal 9-28 Maret 1847.\n\nPotomac bertindak sebagai kapal pemimpin untuk Skuadron Dalam Negeri antara tahun 1855–1856. Saat Perang Saudara Amerika pecah, kapal ini bertolak dari New York City pada tanggal 10 September 1861 ke Skuadron Blokade Teluk lepas Teluk Mobile. Pada saat ini, William T. Sampson bertugas di kapal hingga tanggal 25 Desember 1861 ketika dipindahkan ke Water Witch sebagai perwira eksekutif. Potomac menjadi kapal perbekalan untuk skuadron dan tetap di Pensacola Navy Yard sebagai kapal penerima hingga tahun 1867, ketika dikirim ke Philadelphia. Potomac tetap di League Island Navy Yard, Philadelphia hingga dinonaktifkan pada tanggal 13 Januari 1877. Kapal ini dijual ke E. Stannard & Company pada tanggal 24 Mei 1877.\n\nPotomac (1822)\n","elements":[{"type":"infobox","content":"{{Infobox Ship|\n|Ship table fate=status\n|Draught=(US)\n|Ship image=[[Berkas:Potomac-frigate.jpeg|300px|The USS ''Potomac'']]\n|Ship caption= \n|Ship country= \n|Ship flag={{USN flag|1862}} \n|Ship ordered=\n|Ship laid down=[[Agustus]] [[1819]]\n|Ship launched=[[Maret]] [[1822]]\n|Ship purchased=\n|Ship commissioned=[[1831]]\n|Ship decommissioned= [[13 Januari]] [[1877]]\n|Ship in service=\n|Ship out of service=\n|Ship captured=\n|Ship fate= Dijual [[24 Mei]] 1877\n|Ship struck=\n|Ship reinstated=\n|Ship homeport=\n|Ship displacement=1.726 ton\n|Ship length=177,83 kaki (54,2 m)\n|Ship beam=46,17 kaki (14,07 m)\n|Ship draft=20,5 kaki (6,2 m)\n|Ship propulsion=\n|Ship speed=\n|Ship range=\n|Ship capacity=\n|Ship complement=480 perwira dan orang\n|Ship time to activate=\n|Ship sensors=\n|Ship EW=\n|Ship armament=42 senapan berpenumbuk 32, 8 senapan \"selongsong\" 8 [[inci]]\n|Ship armour=\n|Ship aircraft=\n|Ship motto=\n|Ship nickname=\n|}}"},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"USS Potomac adalah fregat Angkatan Laut Amerika Serikat.","translated_text":"USS Potomac is a frigate of the United States Navy.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Potomac mulai dibuat pada bulan Agustus 1819 di Washington Navy Yard dan diluncurkan pada bulan Maret 1822.","translated_text":"The Potomac began production in August 1819 at the Washington Navy Yard and was launched in March 1822.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Kapal belum dilengkapi secara menyeluruh hingga tahun 1831, ketika Kapten John Downes mendapatkan komando sebagai perwira komandan pertamanya.","translated_text":"The ship was not fully equipped until 1831, when Captain John Downes gained command as his first commanding officer.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Dalam perjalanan lintas samudera pertamanya, Potomac meninggalkan New York pada tanggal 19 Agustus 1831 ke Skuadron Pasifik melalui Tanjung Harapan.","translated_text":"On her first trans-ocean voyage, Potomac left New York on August 19, 1831 for the Pacific Squadron via the Cape of Hope.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pada tanggal 6 Februari 1832, Potomac yang sejatinya hendak membawa MenLu Martin Van Buren ke Britania Raya diarahkan ke Aceh dan menyerang Kuala Batee sebagai pembalasan atas pembajakan kapal Friendship dari Salem, Massachusetts dan pembunuhan anak buah kapalnya pada bulan Februari 1831.","translated_text":"On 6 February 1832, the Potomac originally intended to bring Menlu Martin Van Buren to Great Britain was directed to Aceh and attacked Kuala Batee in retaliation for the sacking of the Friendship ship from Salem, Massachusetts and the murder of her crew in February 1831.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Dari 282 nakhoda dan marinir yang mendarat, 2 orang terbunuh sementara 150 penduduk Kuala Batee, termasuk tetuanya Poh Muhammad meninggal.","translated_text":"Of the 282 Nakhoda and Marines who landed, 2 were killed while 150 Kuala Batee residents, including his aunt Poh Muhammad died.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Setelah mengelilingi dunia, Potomac kembali ke Boston pada tanggal 23 Mei 1834.","translated_text":"After circumnavigating the globe, Potomac returned to Boston on May 23, 1834.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Potomac kemudian mengadakan perjalanan sebanyak 2 kali ke Skuadron Brasil untuk melindungi kepentingan AS di Amerika Latin (20 Oktober 1834-5 Maret 1837 dan 12 Mei 1840-31 Juli 1842).","translated_text":"Potomac then made two trips to the Brazilian Squadron to protect U.S. interests in Latin America (October 20, 1834 - March 5, 1837 and May 12, 1840 - July 31, 1842).","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Antara tanggal 8 Desember 1844-4 Desember 1845, Potomac meronda Hindia Barat, dan kembali meronda di Karibia antara tanggal 14 Maret 1846-20 Juli 1847.","translated_text":"Between 8 December 1844-4 December 1845, the Potomac patrolled the West Indies, and again patrolled the Caribbean between 14 March 1846-20 July 1847.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Selama masa terakhir, Potomac mendarat di Port Isabel, Texas, pada tanggal 8 Mei 1846 untuk mengangkut tentara yang dipimpin Jend.","translated_text":"During the latter period, the Potomac landed at Port Isabel, Texas, on May 8, 1846 to transport an army led by Jend.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Zachary Taylor dalam Pertempuran Palo Alto.","translated_text":"Zachary Taylor at the Battle of Palo Alto.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Potomac juga ikut serta dalam Pengepungan Veracruz antara tanggal 9-28 Maret 1847.","translated_text":"The Potomac also took part in the Siege of Veracruz between 9-28 March 1847.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Potomac bertindak sebagai kapal pemimpin untuk Skuadron Dalam Negeri antara tahun 1855–1856.","translated_text":"Potomac acted as the lead ship for the Home Squadron between 1855 ⁇ 1856.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Saat Perang Saudara Amerika pecah, kapal ini bertolak dari New York City pada tanggal 10 September 1861 ke Skuadron Blokade Teluk lepas Teluk Mobile.","translated_text":"When the American Civil War broke out, the ship defected from New York City on September 10, 1861 to the Bay Blockade Squadron off Mobile Bay.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pada saat ini, William T. Sampson bertugas di kapal hingga tanggal 25 Desember 1861 ketika dipindahkan ke Water Witch sebagai perwira eksekutif.","translated_text":"At this time, William T. Sampson served on the ship until December 25, 1861 when he was transferred to the Water Witch as an executive officer.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Potomac menjadi kapal perbekalan untuk skuadron dan tetap di Pensacola Navy Yard sebagai kapal penerima hingga tahun 1867, ketika dikirim ke Philadelphia.","translated_text":"The Potomac became a supply ship for the squadron and remained at Pensacola Navy Yard as a receiving ship until 1867, when she was sent to Philadelphia.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Potomac tetap di League Island Navy Yard, Philadelphia hingga dinonaktifkan pada tanggal 13 Januari 1877.","translated_text":"The Potomac remained at League Island Navy Yard, Philadelphia until it was deactivated on January 13, 1877.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Kapal ini dijual ke E. Stannard & Company pada tanggal 24 Mei 1877.","translated_text":"She was sold to E. Stannard & Company on 24 May 1877.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Potomac (1822)","translated_text":"The Potomac (1822)","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Villa Park","wikicode":"{{Infobox Stadium\n|stadium_name = Villa Park\n|nickname = Villa Park\n|image = [[Berkas:Villa Park.jpg|250px]]\n|fullname = Stadion Villa Park\n|location = Trinity Rd
[[Birmingham]] B6 6HE
{{flag|Inggris}}\n|coordinates = {{coord|52|30|33|N|1|53|5|W|type:landmark}}\n|broke_ground =\n|built = 1897\n|opened =\n|renovated =\n|expanded =\n|closed =\n|demolished =\n|owner = [[Aston Villa F.C.|Aston Villa]]\n|operator = [[Aston Villa F.C.|Aston Villa]]\n|surface = Rumput\n|construction_cost = [[Pound sterling|£]]16.400\n|architect =\n|structural engineer =\n|services engineer =\n|general_contractor =\n|project_manager =\n|main_contractors =\n|former_names = Aston Lower Grounds\n}}\n'''Villa Park''' merupakan sebuah stadion yang terletak di Birmingham, Inggris. Stadion ini dipergunakan untuk menggelar pertandingan sepak bola dan merupakan markas dari tim [[Aston Villa F.C.|Aston Villa]]. Stadion ini memiliki kapasitas 42.788 orang.\n\n== Referensi ==\n{{reflist}}\n\n== Pranala luar ==\n{{Commonscat|Villa Park}}\n* {{en}} [http://www.worldstadiums.com/stadium_pictures/europe/united_kingdom/england/west_midlands/birmingham_villa_park.shtml Entri] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080520111212/http://www.worldstadiums.com/stadium_pictures/europe/united_kingdom/england/west_midlands/birmingham_villa_park.shtml |date=2008-05-20 }} pada [http://worldstadiums.com Situs WorldStadiums.com] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180422132948/http://worldstadiums.com/ |date=2018-04-22 }}\n{| class=\"wikitable\" style=\"margin:0.5em auto; font-size:95%;\"\n{{succession box\n|title = Stadion Penyelengaraan
Pertandingan Final
[[Piala Winners UEFA]]\n|before = [[Stadion Råsunda]]
{{negara|Swedia}} [[Stockholm]], [[Swedia]]\n|after = Penyelenggaraan Terakhir\n|years = [[Piala Winners UEFA 1998 – 1999|1999]]\n}}\n{{End}}\n\n{{Stadion Liga Utama Inggris}}\n{{Stadion Piala Dunia FIFA 1966}}\n{{Stadion Euro 1996}}\n\n{{coord|52|30|33|N|1|53|5|W|type:landmark|display=title}}\n\n{{DEFAULTSORT:Villa Park}}\n[[Kategori:Stadion sepak bola di Inggris]]\n[[Kategori:Stadion Piala Dunia FIFA 1966]]\n[[Kategori:Aston Villa F.C.]]\n\n\n{{stadion-stub}}","hash":"0a3b4b23c3fad056ef1da7c5397ed76dc41c9eb2487f3f2b13ad5f4bdb4362ec","last_revision":"2023-02-25T05:21:27Z","first_revision":"2010-07-14T12:04:37Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:05.637543","cross_lingual_links":{"af":"Villa Park","ar":"ملعب فيلا بارك","az":"Villa Park","azb":"ویلا پارک ایستادیومو","ban":"Villa Park","be":"Віла Парк","be-x-old":"Віла Парк","bg":"Вила Парк","bh":"विला पार्क","bs":"Villa Park","ca":"Villa Park","cs":"Villa Park","da":"Villa Park","de":"Villa Park","el":"Βίλα Παρκ","en":"Villa Park","es":"Villa Park","et":"Villa Park","eu":"Villa Park","fa":"ورزشگاه ویلا پارک","fi":"Villa Park","fr":"Villa Park","ga":"Villa Park","gl":"Villa Park","gom":"विला पार्क","gu":"વિલા પાર્ક","he":"וילה פארק","hif":"Villa Park","hr":"Villa Park","hu":"Villa Park (stadion)","hy":"Վիլլա Պարկ","is":"Villa Park","it":"Villa Park","ja":"ヴィラ・パーク","ka":"ვილა პარკი","ko":"빌라 파크","lt":"Vila parko stadionas","lv":"Villa Park","mai":"विला पार्क","mos":"Villa Park","nl":"Villa Park (stadion)","nb":"Villa Park","pa":"ਵਿਲਾ ਪਾਰਕ","pl":"Villa Park (stadion)","pt":"Villa Park","ro":"Villa Park","ru":"Вилла Парк","simple":"Villa Park","sk":"Villa Park","sr":"Вила парк","sv":"Villa Park","th":"วิลลาพาร์ก","tr":"Villa Park","uk":"Вілла Парк (стадіон)","vi":"Villa Park","zh":"維拉公園球場","zh-yue":"維拉公園球場"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:49.646268","text":"Villa Park merupakan sebuah stadion yang terletak di Birmingham, Inggris. Stadion ini dipergunakan untuk menggelar pertandingan sepak bola dan merupakan markas dari tim Aston Villa. Stadion ini memiliki kapasitas 42.788 orang.\n\nEntri pada Situs WorldStadiums.com {| class=\"wikitable\" style=\"margin:0.5em auto; font-size:95%;\"\n\nKategori:Stadion sepak bola di Inggris Kategori:Stadion Piala Dunia FIFA 1966 Kategori:Aston Villa F.C.\n","elements":[{"type":"infobox","content":"{{Infobox Stadium\n|stadium_name = Villa Park\n|nickname = Villa Park\n|image = [[Berkas:Villa Park.jpg|250px]]\n|fullname = Stadion Villa Park\n|location = Trinity Rd
[[Birmingham]] B6 6HE
{{flag|Inggris}}\n|coordinates = {{coord|52|30|33|N|1|53|5|W|type:landmark}}\n|broke_ground =\n|built = 1897\n|opened =\n|renovated =\n|expanded =\n|closed =\n|demolished =\n|owner = [[Aston Villa F.C.|Aston Villa]]\n|operator = [[Aston Villa F.C.|Aston Villa]]\n|surface = Rumput\n|construction_cost = [[Pound sterling|£]]16.400\n|architect =\n|structural engineer =\n|services engineer =\n|general_contractor =\n|project_manager =\n|main_contractors =\n|former_names = Aston Lower Grounds\n}}"},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Villa Park merupakan sebuah stadion yang terletak di Birmingham, Inggris.","translated_text":"Villa Park is a stadium located in Birmingham, England.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Stadion ini dipergunakan untuk menggelar pertandingan sepak bola dan merupakan markas dari tim Aston Villa.","translated_text":"It is used mostly for football matches and is the home ground of Aston Villa.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Stadion ini memiliki kapasitas 42.788 orang.","translated_text":"The stadium has a capacity of 42,788.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Referensi","translated_text":"References","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"heading","text":"Pranala luar","translated_text":"External connections","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Entri pada Situs WorldStadiums.com {| class=\"wikitable\" style=\"margin:0.5em auto; 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font-size:95%;\"","translated_text":"It's the first time I've ever been to the WorldStadiums.com","citations":[{"content":"{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080520111212/http://www.worldstadiums.com/stadium_pictures/europe/united_kingdom/england/west_midlands/birmingham_villa_park.shtml |date=2008-05-20 }}","char_index":6,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20080520111212/http://www.worldstadiums.com/stadium_pictures/europe/united_kingdom/england/west_midlands/birmingham_villa_park.shtml","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:35.681262-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null},{"content":"{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180422132948/http://worldstadiums.com/ |date=2018-04-22 }}","char_index":35,"name":null,"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20180422132948/http://worldstadiums.com/","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:35.751103-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]}]} +{"title":"Piala Dunia 1966","wikicode":"#ALIH [[Piala Dunia FIFA 1966]]","hash":"43f1752b802537d1e87bedcf2e54a87fc89ea370d8d52c4e4f1c9d53ec9805d6","last_revision":"2010-07-14T12:08:06Z","first_revision":"2010-07-14T12:08:06Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:05.691298","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH Piala Dunia FIFA 1966\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH Piala Dunia FIFA 1966","translated_text":"The 1966 FIFA World Cup","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Villa Park, Inggris","wikicode":"#ALIH [[Villa Park]]","hash":"d5010a16eded0fb6b255e0c3a39303131a0275d350e8d3403caf272f12107a1d","last_revision":"2010-07-14T12:12:07Z","first_revision":"2010-07-14T12:12:07Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:05.741575","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH Villa Park\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH Villa Park","translated_text":"This is Villa Park.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Stadion Villa Park","wikicode":"#ALIH [[Villa Park]]","hash":"d5010a16eded0fb6b255e0c3a39303131a0275d350e8d3403caf272f12107a1d","last_revision":"2010-07-14T12:12:56Z","first_revision":"2010-07-14T12:12:56Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:05.796910","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH Villa Park\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH Villa Park","translated_text":"This is Villa Park.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Bazar","wikicode":"[[Berkas:Paharganj main bazaar.jpg|jmpl|Sebuah bazar di [[Delhi]], [[India]].]]\n'''Bazar''' ({{lang-fa|بازار}}, {{lang-tr|pazar}}, {{lang-hi|बाज़ार}}, {{lang-el|παζάρι}} (''pazari''), [[Yunani Cypriot]]: ''pantopoula''Christou, Jean, \"[http://www.cyprus-mail.com/news/main.php?id=26065&archive=1 Linguist makes the island a little smaller for all]{{Pranala mati|date=Februari 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}\", ''Cyprus Mail'', 27 Mei 2006) adalah sebuah wilayah berdagang permanen, pasar, atau jalan di mana toko-toko barang dan jasa dipertukarkan atau dijual. Kata ini berasal dari [[bahasa Persia]], ''bāzār'', etimologi yang akan kembali ke kata [[Persia Tengah]] ''baha-char'' ('''بهاچار'''), yang berarti \"tempat harga\".{{cite web\n| url = http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/bazaar\n| title = bazaar\n| accessdate = 2007-02-17 \n}} Meskipun arti kata saat ini diyakini berasal di Persia, penggunaannya telah menyebar dan sekarang telah diterima ke dalam bahasa setempat di negara-negara di seluruh dunia.{{cite web\n|url=http://dsal.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/philologic/getobject.pl?c.0:1:171.hobson\n|title=BAZAAR s. H. &c. From P. bāzār, a permanent market or street of shops.\n|publisher=University of Chicago\n|accessdate=2007-07-19\n}}{{Pranala mati|date=Februari 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} Di Amerika Utara, istilah ini dapat digunakan sebagai sinonim untuk \"penjualan barang-barang bekas\", untuk menggambarkan acara penggalangan dana amal yang diselenggarakan oleh [[gereja]] atau organisasi masyarakat lainnya, yang disumbangkan, barang bekas, seperti buku, pakaian, dan barang-barang rumah tangga yang dijual dengan harga yang rendah, atau lain barang mungkin baru dan buatan tangan, pada bazar gereja [[Natal]]. Bazar ini telah menjadi subjek banyak buku, termasuk: ''The Persian Bazaar: Veiled Space of Desire'' (Mage Publications) oleh Mehdi Khansari dan ''The Morphology of the Persian Bazaar'' (Agah Publications) oleh Azita Rajabi.\nMenurut KBBI, bazar merupakan pasar yang sengaja diselenggarakan untuk jangka waktu beberapa hari; pameran dan penjualan barang-barang\nkerajinan, makanan, dan sebagainya yang hasilnya untuk amal; pasar amal.\n\n== Referensi ==\n{{reflist}}\n\n[[Kategori:Budaya]]","hash":"7ddf69a57df8a46790cc80fc65d9f942fb0e9675de83c88158ae8427bb52d196","last_revision":"2023-11-22T14:30:31Z","first_revision":"2010-07-14T12:13:23Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:05.860362","cross_lingual_links":{"ar":"بازار","az":"Bazar","azb":"بازار","bg":"Базар","ca":"Basar","ckb":"بازاڕ","cs":"Bazar","cv":"Пасар","da":"Basar","de":"Basar","diq":"Çarşı","en":"Bazaar","eo":"Bazaro","es":"Bazar","et":"Basaar","eu":"Bazar (azoka)","fa":"بازار","fi":"Basaari","fr":"Bazar","he":"באזאר","hi":"बाजार","hr":"Bazar","hu":"Bazár","ia":"Bazar","io":"Bazaro","is":"Basar","it":"Bazar","ja":"バザール","ka":"ბაზარი (სავაჭრო)","ko":"바자르","ky":"Базар","ms":"Bazar","mzn":"بازار","ne":"बजार","nl":"Bazaar (markt)","nn":"Basar","nb":"Basar","oc":"Bazar","pa":"ਬਾਜ਼ਾਰ","pnb":"بازار","pt":"Bazar","ro":"Bazar","ru":"Базар","sd":"بازار","sh":"Bazar","simple":"Bazaar","sk":"Bazár (Orient)","sl":"Bazar","sq":"Pazari","sr":"Базар","sv":"Basar","tg":"Бозор","th":"ปสาน","tr":"Çarşı","uk":"Базар","ur":"بازار","uz":"Bozor","vi":"Souq","zh":"巴剎"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:49.646268","text":"Bazar (, , , (pazari), Yunani Cypriot: pantopoula) adalah sebuah wilayah berdagang permanen, pasar, atau jalan di mana toko-toko barang dan jasa dipertukarkan atau dijual. Kata ini berasal dari bahasa Persia, bāzār, etimologi yang akan kembali ke kata Persia Tengah baha-char (بهاچار), yang berarti \"tempat harga\". Meskipun arti kata saat ini diyakini berasal di Persia, penggunaannya telah menyebar dan sekarang telah diterima ke dalam bahasa setempat di negara-negara di seluruh dunia. Di Amerika Utara, istilah ini dapat digunakan sebagai sinonim untuk \"penjualan barang-barang bekas\", untuk menggambarkan acara penggalangan dana amal yang diselenggarakan oleh gereja atau organisasi masyarakat lainnya, yang disumbangkan, barang bekas, seperti buku, pakaian, dan barang-barang rumah tangga yang dijual dengan harga yang rendah, atau lain barang mungkin baru dan buatan tangan, pada bazar gereja Natal. Bazar ini telah menjadi subjek banyak buku, termasuk: The Persian Bazaar: Veiled Space of Desire (Mage Publications) oleh Mehdi Khansari dan The Morphology of the Persian Bazaar (Agah Publications) oleh Azita Rajabi. Menurut KBBI, bazar merupakan pasar yang sengaja diselenggarakan untuk jangka waktu beberapa hari; pameran dan penjualan barang-barang kerajinan, makanan, dan sebagainya yang hasilnya untuk amal; pasar amal.\n\nKategori:Budaya\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Bazar (, , , (pazari), Yunani Cypriot: pantopoula) adalah sebuah wilayah berdagang permanen, pasar, atau jalan di mana toko-toko barang dan jasa dipertukarkan atau dijual.","translated_text":"A bazaar (, , , (pazari), Cypriot Greek: pantopoula) is a permanent trading area, market, or street where shops of goods and services are exchanged or sold.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"Christou, Jean, \"[http://www.cyprus-mail.com/news/main.php?id=26065&archive=1 Linguist makes the island a little smaller for all]{{Pranala mati|date=Februari 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}\", ''Cyprus Mail'', 27 Mei 2006","char_index":49,"name":null,"url":"http://www.cyprus-mail.com/news/main.php?id=26065&archive=1","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html; charset=utf-8","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":1091,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:35.819666-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":"Text is too short (4 words)","source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Kata ini berasal dari bahasa Persia, bāzār, etimologi yang akan kembali ke kata Persia Tengah baha-char (بهاچار), yang berarti \"tempat harga\".","translated_text":"The word comes from the Persian, bāzār, an etymology that would go back to the Middle Persian word baha-char (بهاچار), meaning \"place of price\".","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{cite web | url = http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/bazaar | title = bazaar | accessdate = 2007-02-17 }}","char_index":142,"name":null,"url":"http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/bazaar","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html; charset=utf-8","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":174969,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:36.478120-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":4,"source_quality_raw_score":0.6103515625}],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Meskipun arti kata saat ini diyakini berasal di Persia, penggunaannya telah menyebar dan sekarang telah diterima ke dalam bahasa setempat di negara-negara di seluruh dunia.","translated_text":"Although the present-day meaning of the word is believed to have originated in Persia, its use has spread and has now been accepted into local languages in countries around the world.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[{"content":"{{cite web |url=http://dsal.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/philologic/getobject.pl?c.0:1:171.hobson |title=BAZAAR s. H. &c. From P. bāzār, a permanent market or street of shops. |publisher=University of Chicago |accessdate=2007-07-19 }}{{Pranala mati|date=Februari 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":172,"name":null,"url":"http://dsal.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/philologic/getobject.pl?c.0:1:171.hobson","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:36.651157-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Di Amerika Utara, istilah ini dapat digunakan sebagai sinonim untuk \"penjualan barang-barang bekas\", untuk menggambarkan acara penggalangan dana amal yang diselenggarakan oleh gereja atau organisasi masyarakat lainnya, yang disumbangkan, barang bekas, seperti buku, pakaian, dan barang-barang rumah tangga yang dijual dengan harga yang rendah, atau lain barang mungkin baru dan buatan tangan, pada bazar gereja Natal.","translated_text":"In North America, the term can be used as a synonym for \"sale of secondhand goods\", to describe charity fundraising events organized by churches or other community organizations, which are donated, secondhand items, such as books, clothing, and household items sold at low prices, or other items that may be new and handmade, at the Christmas church bazaar.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Bazar ini telah menjadi subjek banyak buku, termasuk: The Persian Bazaar: Veiled Space of Desire (Mage Publications) oleh Mehdi Khansari dan The Morphology of the Persian Bazaar (Agah Publications) oleh Azita Rajabi.","translated_text":"The bazaar has been the subject of many books, including: The Persian Bazaar: Veiled Space of Desire (Mage Publications) by Mehdi Khansari and The Morphology of the Persian Bazaar (Agah Publications) by Azita Rajabi.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Menurut KBBI, bazar merupakan pasar yang sengaja diselenggarakan untuk jangka waktu beberapa hari; pameran dan penjualan barang-barang kerajinan, makanan, dan sebagainya yang hasilnya untuk amal; pasar amal.","translated_text":"According to KBBI, a bazaar is a deliberately organized market for a period of several days; an exhibition and sale of handicrafts, food, etc. resulting in charity; a charity market.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Referensi","translated_text":"References","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kategori:Budaya","translated_text":"Category:Culture and culture","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[{"text":"Bazar (, , , (pazari), Yunani Cypriot: pantopoula) adalah sebuah wilayah berdagang permanen, pasar, atau jalan di mana toko-toko barang dan jasa dipertukarkan atau dijual.","translated_text":"A bazaar (, , , (pazari), Cypriot Greek: pantopoula) is a permanent trading area, market, or street where shops of goods and services are exchanged or sold.","citations":[{"content":"Christou, Jean, \"[http://www.cyprus-mail.com/news/main.php?id=26065&archive=1 Linguist makes the island a little smaller for all]{{Pranala mati|date=Februari 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}\", ''Cyprus Mail'', 27 Mei 2006","char_index":49,"name":null,"url":"http://www.cyprus-mail.com/news/main.php?id=26065&archive=1","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html; charset=utf-8","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":1091,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:35.819666-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":"Text is too short (4 words)","source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]},{"text":"Bazar (, , , (pazari), Yunani Cypriot: pantopoula) adalah sebuah wilayah berdagang permanen, pasar, atau jalan di mana toko-toko barang dan jasa dipertukarkan atau dijual. Kata ini berasal dari bahasa Persia, bāzār, etimologi yang akan kembali ke kata Persia Tengah baha-char (بهاچار), yang berarti \"tempat harga\".","translated_text":"A bazaar (, , , (pazari), Cypriot Greek: pantopoula) is a permanent trading area, market, or street where shops of goods and services are exchanged or sold. The word comes from the Persian, bāzār, an etymology that would go back to the Middle Persian word baha-char (بهاچار), meaning \"place of price\".","citations":[{"content":"{{cite web | url = http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/bazaar | title = bazaar | accessdate = 2007-02-17 }}","char_index":314,"name":null,"url":"http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/bazaar","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":"text/html; charset=utf-8","source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":174969,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:36.478120-05:00","source_download_error":null,"source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":4,"source_quality_raw_score":0.6103515625}]},{"text":"Bazar (, , , (pazari), Yunani Cypriot: pantopoula) adalah sebuah wilayah berdagang permanen, pasar, atau jalan di mana toko-toko barang dan jasa dipertukarkan atau dijual. Kata ini berasal dari bahasa Persia, bāzār, etimologi yang akan kembali ke kata Persia Tengah baha-char (بهاچار), yang berarti \"tempat harga\". Meskipun arti kata saat ini diyakini berasal di Persia, penggunaannya telah menyebar dan sekarang telah diterima ke dalam bahasa setempat di negara-negara di seluruh dunia.","translated_text":"A bazaar (, , , (pazari), Cypriot Greek: pantopoula) is a permanent trading area, market, or street where shops of goods and services are exchanged or sold. The word comes from the Persian, bāzār, an etymology that would go back to the Middle Persian word baha-char (بهاچار), meaning \"place of price\". Although the present-day meaning of the word is believed to have originated in Persia, its use has spread and has now been accepted into local languages in countries around the world.","citations":[{"content":"{{cite web |url=http://dsal.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/philologic/getobject.pl?c.0:1:171.hobson |title=BAZAAR s. H. &c. From P. bāzār, a permanent market or street of shops. |publisher=University of Chicago |accessdate=2007-07-19 }}{{Pranala mati|date=Februari 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}","char_index":487,"name":null,"url":"http://dsal.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/philologic/getobject.pl?c.0:1:171.hobson","source_text":null,"source_code_content_type":null,"source_code_num_bytes":null,"source_code_num_chars":null,"source_download_date":"2024-12-06T09:28:36.651157-05:00","source_download_error":"Download is empty","source_extract_error":null,"source_snippet":null,"source_quality_label":null,"source_quality_raw_score":null}]}]} +{"title":"Partai Nasionalis Bangladesh","wikicode":"{{Kotak info partai politik\n| logo =\n| country = Bangladesh\n| party_name = Partai Nasionalis Bangladesh\n| name_native = বাংলাদেশ জাতীয়তাবাদী দল\n| leader = [[Begum Khaleda Zia]]\n| colorcode = blue\n| foundation = {{start date|1978}}\n| ideology = [[Nasionalisme Bangladesh]],
[[konservatisme ekonomi]],
[[Islam]] moderat
[[korporatisme]]\n| international = Tidak ada\n| colors = [[Biru]]\n| headquarters = Naya Paltan, Dhaka (kantor utama) dan Gulshan 2, Dhaka (kantor kedua)\n| website = http://www.bnp-bd.com\n}}\n'''Partai Nasionalis Bangladesh''' {{lang-en|Bangladesh Nationalist Party}}, biasanya disingkat '''BNP''', {{lang-bn|বাংলাদেশ জাতীয়তাবাদী দল ''Bangladesh Jatiotabadi Dôl''}}) adalah partai politik berhaluan [[tengah-kanan]] di [[Bangladesh]]. Partai ini didirikan pada tahun 1978 oleh Jendral [[Ziaur Rahman]], [[Presiden Bangladesh]] ke-7. BNP telah menjadi salah satu partai politik terkuat di Bangladesh.\n\n== Pranala luar ==\n* [http://www.bnpbd.com/ Bangladesh Nationalist Party]\n\n{{parpol-stub}}\n\n[[Kategori:Partai politik di Bangladesh]]\n[[Kategori:Partai politik yang didirikan tahun 1978]]","hash":"8532541580f0032fa818dc63bdb83791bd1404b6dad1c719d7774d4ee8786101","last_revision":"2023-01-25T06:41:08Z","first_revision":"2010-07-14T12:18:11Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:05.915345","cross_lingual_links":{"ar":"الحزب الوطني البنغلاديشي","bn":"বাংলাদেশ জাতীয়তাবাদী দল","de":"Bangladesh Nationalist Party","en":"Bangladesh Nationalist Party","es":"Partido Nacionalista de Bangladés","fa":"حزب ملی‌گرای بنگلادش","fi":"Bangladeshin nationalistipuolue","fr":"Parti nationaliste du Bangladesh","hi":"बांग्लादेश नेशनलिस्ट पार्टी","it":"Partito Nazionalista del Bangladesh","ja":"バングラデシュ民族主義党","ko":"방글라데시 민족주의당","ms":"Parti Nasionalis Bangladesh","ne":"बङ्गलादेश जातीयतावादी दल","nl":"Bangladesh Nationalistische Partij","ps":"بنګله دېش ملتپال ګوند","pt":"Partido Nacionalista de Bangladesh","ru":"Националистическая партия Бангладеш","sd":"بنگلاديش نيشنلسٽ پارٽي","simple":"Bangladesh Nationalist Party","sv":"Bangladeshs Nationalistparti","ta":"வங்காளதேச தேசியக் கட்சி","uk":"Націоналістична партія Бангладеш","ur":"بنگلہ دیش نیشنلسٹ پارٹی","zh":"孟加拉國民族主義黨"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:49.646268","text":"Partai Nasionalis Bangladesh , biasanya disingkat BNP, ) adalah partai politik berhaluan tengah-kanan di Bangladesh. Partai ini didirikan pada tahun 1978 oleh Jendral Ziaur Rahman, Presiden Bangladesh ke-7. BNP telah menjadi salah satu partai politik terkuat di Bangladesh.\n\nBangladesh Nationalist Party\n\nKategori:Partai politik di Bangladesh Kategori:Partai politik yang didirikan tahun 1978\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Partai Nasionalis Bangladesh , biasanya disingkat BNP, ) adalah partai politik berhaluan tengah-kanan di Bangladesh.","translated_text":"The Bangladesh Nationalist Party, commonly abbreviated BNP, ) is a centre-right political party in Bangladesh.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Partai ini didirikan pada tahun 1978 oleh Jendral Ziaur Rahman, Presiden Bangladesh ke-7.","translated_text":"The party was founded in 1978 by General Ziaur Rahman, the 7th President of Bangladesh.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"BNP telah menjadi salah satu partai politik terkuat di Bangladesh.","translated_text":"The BNP has become one of the strongest political parties in Bangladesh.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Pranala luar","translated_text":"External connections","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Bangladesh Nationalist Party","translated_text":"Bangladesh Nationalist Party","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kategori","translated_text":"Categories","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":":Partai politik di Bangladesh Kategori:Partai politik yang didirikan tahun 1978","translated_text":":Political party in Bangladesh Category:Political party founded in 1978","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Operasi Desert Storm","wikicode":"#ALIH [[Perang Teluk I]]","hash":"a85814cebe25b83eda86fd24f15b2fbd1691c0ea1e768d84e8de54314579e840","last_revision":"2010-07-14T12:23:08Z","first_revision":"2010-07-14T12:23:08Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:05.975749","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH Perang Teluk I\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH Perang Teluk I","translated_text":"During the First Gulf War","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Tangerang, tangerang","wikicode":"#ALIH [[Tangerang, Tangerang]]{{A kapital}}","hash":"3d07824d9c9b2693a1001707bbb1a99494a271b7182aa6ba3cabc160618244c3","last_revision":"2010-07-14T12:36:37Z","first_revision":"2010-07-14T12:36:37Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:06.027814","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH Tangerang, Tangerang\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH Tangerang, Tangerang","translated_text":"I'm going to take care of you.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Kota tangerang selatan","wikicode":"#ALIH [[Kota Tangerang Selatan]]{{A kapital}}","hash":"2d426dd56299ea86049545ac4bdf546a15193a256dd021e010a06e7198da5bcd","last_revision":"2010-07-14T12:36:56Z","first_revision":"2010-07-14T12:36:56Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:06.091121","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH Kota Tangerang Selatan\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH Kota Tangerang Selatan","translated_text":"ALIH South Tangerang City","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Kabupaten tangerang","wikicode":"#ALIH [[Kabupaten Tangerang]]{{A 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dan [[Dominion|Dominion Britania Raya]],
[[Permaisuri India]]\n| reign = 6 Mei 1910 – 20 Januari 1936\n| coronation = 22 Juni 1911\n| cor-type = [[Penobatan George V dan Mary|Penobatan]]\n| predecessor = [[Alexandra dari Denmark|Ratu Alexandra]]\n| coronation1 = 12 Desember 1911\n| cor-type1 = {{nowrap|[[Delhi Durbar#Durbar of 1911|Imperial Durbar]]}}\n| birth_date = {{Birth date|1867|5|26|df=y}}\n| successor = [[Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon|Ratu Elizabeth]]\n| birth_name = Putri Victoria Mary dari Teck\n| birth_place = [[Istana Kensington]], London\n| death_date = {{Death date and age|1953|3|24|1867|5|26|df=yes}}\n| death_place = [[Rumah Marlborough]], London\n| burial_date = 31 Maret 1953\n| burial_place = [[Kapel Santo Georgius, Kastel Windsor|Kapel St George, Kastel Windsor]]\n| spouse = {{marriage|[[George V dari Britania Raya]]|1893|1936|end=died}}\n| issue = {{ubl | [[Edward VIII dari Britania Raya|Edward VIII, Raja Britania Raya]] | [[George VI dari Britania Raya|George VI, Raja Britania Raya]] | [[Mary, Putri Kerajaan dan Countess dari Harewood]] | [[Pangeran Henry, Adipati Gloucester]] | [[Pangeran George, Adipati Kent]] | [[Pangeran John dari Britania Raya|Pangeran John]]}}\n| full name = Victoria Mary Augusta Louise Olga Pauline Claudine Agnes\n| house = [[Adipati Teck|Teck]]\n| father = [[Francis, Adipati Teck]]\n| mother = [[Putri Mary Adelaide dari Cambridge]]\n| signature = Mary of Teck signature.svg\n| signature_alt = Queen Mary's signature\n}}\n'''Mary dari Teck''' (Victoria Mary Augusta Louise Olga Pauline Claudine Agnes; 26 Mei 1867{{spnd}}24 Maret 1953) adalah [[Pendamping Raja dan Ratu Britania Raya|Permaisuri Britania Raya]], [[Dominion|Dominion Britania Raya]] dan [[Permaisuri India]], dari 6 Mei 1910 hingga 20 Januari 1936 sebagai istri [[Raja]]-[[Kaisar]] [[George V dari Britania Raya]].\n\nMary adalah anak pertama dari [[Francis, Adipati Teck]], seorang bangsawan Jerman dan [[Putri Mary Adelaide dari Cambridge]], anggota dari [[Keluarga kerajaan Inggris]]. Dia secara informal dikenal sebagai \"May\", yang diambil dari bulan kelahirannya.\n\nPada usia 24 tahun, dia dijodohkan dengan [[Pangeran Albert Victor, Adipati Clarence dan Avondale]] yang merupakan putra sulung [[Edward VII|Pangeran Wales]] dan urutan kedua pewaris takhta kerajaan Britania Raya. Enam minggu setelah pengumuman pertunangan, Albert Victor meninggal secara tidak terduga selama [[pandemi 1889–1890|pandemi influenza]]. Tahun berikutnya, dia bertunangan dengan satu-satunya adik laki-laki Albert Victor yang masih hidup yaitu George (yang kemudian menjadi raja). Sebelum suaminya naik tahta, Ratu Mary sebelumnya memegang gelar [[Adipati York|Adipatni York]], [[Adipati Cornwall|Adipatni Cornwall]] dan [[Putri Wales]].\n\nSebagai [[permaisuri]] dari tahun 1910, Mary mendukung pemerintahan suaminya. Kesehatan suaminya yang buruk dan perubahan politik besar yang timbul dari akibat [[Perang Dunia I]] menjadi masalah saat itu. Pada tahun 1936, putra tertuanya yakni [[Edward VIII]] naik tahta setelah [[Kematian dan pemakaman kenegaraan atas kematian George V|kematian George V]] dan membuat Ratu Mary menjadi [[ibu suri]]. Hal yang membuatnya kecewa, karena [[Krisis abdikasi Edward VIII|Edward VIII turun tahta]] pada tahun yang sama untuk menikah dengan sosialita Amerika yang pernah dua kali bercerai [[Wallis Simpson]]. Putra keduanya, [[George VI]] naik tahta menggantikan kakaknya sampai [[Kematian dan pemakaman kenegaraan George VI|kematiannya]] pada tahun 1952. Ratu Mary meninggal pada tahun berikutnya, pada masa pemerintahan cucunya [[Elizabeth II|Elizabeth dari Britania Raya]], yang belum dinobatkan. Sebuah [[RMS Queen Mary|kapal laut]], sebuah [[HMS Queen Mary|battlecruiser]] dan [[Queen Mary, Universitas London|universitas]] dinamai untuk menghormatinya.\n\n== Referensi ==\n\n* {{citation|first=Mabell|last=Airlie|authorlink=Mabell Ogilvy, Countess of Airlie|title=Thatched with Gold|publisher=Hutchinson|location=London|year=1962}}\n* {{citation|first=Anne|last=Edwards|authorlink=Anne Edwards|title=Matriarch: Queen Mary and the House of Windsor|publisher=Hodder and Stoughton|year=1984|isbn=0340244658}}\n* {{citation|last=Gore|first=John|title=King George V: A Personal Memoir|publisher=John Murray|location=London|year=1941}}\n* {{citation|last=Pope-Hennessy|first=James|authorlink=James Pope-Hennessy|title=Queen Mary|publisher=George Allen and Unwin Ltd.|location=London|year=1959}}\n* {{citation|last=Prochaska|first=Frank|title=Mary (1867–1953)|journal=Oxford Dictionary of National Biography|publisher=Oxford University Press|date=September 2004; online edition January 2008|url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/34914|accessdate=1 May 2010|doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/34914}}\n* {{citation|authorlink=Kenneth Rose|last=Rose|first=Kenneth|title=King George V|publisher=Weidenfeld and Nicolson|location=London|year=1983|isbn=0297782452}}\n* {{citation|authorlink=John Wheeler-Bennett|last=Wheeler-Bennett|first=Sir John|title=King George VI|publisher=Macmillan|location=London|year=1958}}\n* {{citation|first=HRH The Duke of |last=Windsor|authorlink=Edward VIII of the United Kingdom|title=A King's Story|publisher=Cassell and Co|location=London|year=1951}}\n* {{citation|authorlink=Philip Ziegler|last=Ziegler|first=Philip|title=King Edward VIII|publisher=Collins|location=London|year=1990|isbn=0002157411}}\n\n{{commons}}\n{{Wikiquote}}\n{{S-start}}\n{{S-roy|uk}}\n{{S-bef|before=[[Alexandra dari Denmark]]}}\n{{S-ttl|title=[[Pendamping Raja dan Ratu Britania Raya|Permaisuri Britania Raya]];
[[Kaisar India|Permaisuri Kaisar India]]|years=6 Mei 1910 – 20 Januari 1936}}\n{{S-vac|next=[[Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon]]}}\n|-\n{{S-bef|before=[[Edward VIII dari Britania Raya|Pangeran Wales]]}}\n{{S-ttl|title=[[Grand Masters of the Order of the British Empire|Grand Master of the Order of the British Empire]]|years=1936–1953}}\n{{S-aft|after=[[Pangeran Philip, Duke of Edinburgh|Adipati Edinburgh]]}}\n{{End}}\n\n{{Persondata\n|NAME=Mary of Teck\n|ALTERNATIVE NAMES=Princess Victoria Mary of Teck; Queen Mary\n|SHORT DESCRIPTION=Wife of [[George V of the United Kingdom]]\n|DATE OF BIRTH=26 May 1867\n|PLACE OF BIRTH=[[Kensington Palace]], [[London]]\n|DATE OF DEATH=24 March 1953\n|PLACE OF DEATH=[[Marlborough House]], London\n}}\n{{DEFAULTSORT:Mary Of Teck}}\n[[Kategori:Permaisuri Britania Raya]]","hash":"9d11d7b6592919581d3a885a7aa75d21e3715f99f9328e834d9e68b40736c020","last_revision":"2024-01-02T04:20:22Z","first_revision":"2010-07-14T12:43:48Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:07.732385","cross_lingual_links":{"af":"Mary van Teck","ang":"Maria of Tece","ar":"ماري تك","arz":"مارى تك","ast":"María de Teck","az":"Mariya Tek","azb":"ماری تک","be":"Марыя Тэкская","bg":"Мери, кралица-консорт на Обединеното кралство","bs":"Marija od Tecka","ca":"Maria de Teck","cs":"Marie z Tecku","cy":"Mair o Teck","da":"Mary af Teck","de":"Maria von Teck","dv":"މޭރީ އޮފް ޓެކް","el":"Μαρία του Τεκ","en":"Mary of Teck","es":"María de Teck","et":"Mary (Tecki printsess)","eu":"Maria Teckekoa","fa":"ماری تک","fi":"Mary (Yhdistyneen kuningaskunnan kuningatar)","fr":"Mary de Teck","he":"מרי מטק","hu":"Teck Mária brit királyné","hy":"Մարիա Թեքցի","it":"Maria di Teck","ja":"メアリー・オブ・テック","ka":"მარია ტეკელი","ko":"테크의 메리","lt":"Marija Teksietė","ml":"മേരി ഓഫ് ടെക്ക്","mr":"टेकची मेरी","my":"တက္ကအိမ်တော်အရှင်မ မာရီ","nl":"Mary van Teck","nn":"Mary av Teck","nb":"Mary av Teck","pl":"Maria Teck","pt":"Maria de Teck","ro":"Mary de Teck","ru":"Мария Текская","sco":"Mary o Teck","simple":"Mary of Teck","sk":"Mária z Tecku","sr":"Марија од Тека","sv":"Mary av Teck","th":"มารีอาแห่งเท็ค","tr":"Mary (Teck)","uk":"Марія Текська","vi":"Mary xứ Teck","zh":"特克的玛丽"},"cross_lingual_links_access_date":"2025-01-11T00:56:49.700585","text":"Mary dari Teck (Victoria Mary Augusta Louise Olga Pauline Claudine Agnes; 26 Mei 186724 Maret 1953) adalah Permaisuri Britania Raya, Dominion Britania Raya dan Permaisuri India, dari 6 Mei 1910 hingga 20 Januari 1936 sebagai istri Raja-Kaisar George V dari Britania Raya.\n\nMary adalah anak pertama dari Francis, Adipati Teck, seorang bangsawan Jerman dan Putri Mary Adelaide dari Cambridge, anggota dari Keluarga kerajaan Inggris. Dia secara informal dikenal sebagai \"May\", yang diambil dari bulan kelahirannya.\n\nPada usia 24 tahun, dia dijodohkan dengan Pangeran Albert Victor, Adipati Clarence dan Avondale yang merupakan putra sulung Pangeran Wales dan urutan kedua pewaris takhta kerajaan Britania Raya. Enam minggu setelah pengumuman pertunangan, Albert Victor meninggal secara tidak terduga selama pandemi influenza. Tahun berikutnya, dia bertunangan dengan satu-satunya adik laki-laki Albert Victor yang masih hidup yaitu George (yang kemudian menjadi raja). Sebelum suaminya naik tahta, Ratu Mary sebelumnya memegang gelar Adipatni York, Adipatni Cornwall dan Putri Wales.\n\nSebagai permaisuri dari tahun 1910, Mary mendukung pemerintahan suaminya. Kesehatan suaminya yang buruk dan perubahan politik besar yang timbul dari akibat Perang Dunia I menjadi masalah saat itu. Pada tahun 1936, putra tertuanya yakni Edward VIII naik tahta setelah kematian George V dan membuat Ratu Mary menjadi ibu suri. Hal yang membuatnya kecewa, karena Edward VIII turun tahta pada tahun yang sama untuk menikah dengan sosialita Amerika yang pernah dua kali bercerai Wallis Simpson. Putra keduanya, George VI naik tahta menggantikan kakaknya sampai kematiannya pada tahun 1952. Ratu Mary meninggal pada tahun berikutnya, pada masa pemerintahan cucunya Elizabeth dari Britania Raya, yang belum dinobatkan. Sebuah kapal laut, sebuah battlecruiser dan universitas dinamai untuk menghormatinya.\n\n|-\n\nKategori:Permaisuri Britania Raya\n","elements":[{"type":"infobox","content":"{{Infobox royalty\n| image = Queenmaryformalportrait edit3.jpg\n| alt = Mary in tiara and gown wearing a choker necklace and a string of diamonds\n| caption = Potret Formal, sekitar 1920-an\n| consort = yes\n| succession = [[Pendamping Raja dan Ratu Britania Raya]]
dan [[Dominion|Dominion Britania Raya]],
[[Permaisuri India]]\n| reign = 6 Mei 1910 – 20 Januari 1936\n| coronation = 22 Juni 1911\n| cor-type = [[Penobatan George V dan Mary|Penobatan]]\n| predecessor = [[Alexandra dari Denmark|Ratu Alexandra]]\n| coronation1 = 12 Desember 1911\n| cor-type1 = {{nowrap|[[Delhi Durbar#Durbar of 1911|Imperial Durbar]]}}\n| birth_date = {{Birth date|1867|5|26|df=y}}\n| successor = [[Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon|Ratu Elizabeth]]\n| birth_name = Putri Victoria Mary dari Teck\n| birth_place = [[Istana Kensington]], London\n| death_date = {{Death date and age|1953|3|24|1867|5|26|df=yes}}\n| death_place = [[Rumah Marlborough]], London\n| burial_date = 31 Maret 1953\n| burial_place = [[Kapel Santo Georgius, Kastel Windsor|Kapel St George, Kastel Windsor]]\n| spouse = {{marriage|[[George V dari Britania Raya]]|1893|1936|end=died}}\n| issue = {{ubl | [[Edward VIII dari Britania Raya|Edward VIII, Raja Britania Raya]] | [[George VI dari Britania Raya|George VI, Raja Britania Raya]] | [[Mary, Putri Kerajaan dan Countess dari Harewood]] | [[Pangeran Henry, Adipati Gloucester]] | [[Pangeran George, Adipati Kent]] | [[Pangeran John dari Britania Raya|Pangeran John]]}}\n| full name = Victoria Mary Augusta Louise Olga Pauline Claudine Agnes\n| house = [[Adipati Teck|Teck]]\n| father = [[Francis, Adipati Teck]]\n| mother = [[Putri Mary Adelaide dari Cambridge]]\n| signature = Mary of Teck signature.svg\n| signature_alt = Queen Mary's signature\n}}"},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Mary dari Teck (Victoria Mary Augusta Louise Olga Pauline Claudine Agnes; 26 Mei 186724 Maret 1953) adalah Permaisuri Britania Raya, Dominion Britania Raya dan Permaisuri India, dari 6 Mei 1910 hingga 20 Januari 1936 sebagai istri Raja-Kaisar George V dari Britania Raya.","translated_text":"Mary of Teck (Victoria Mary Augusta Louise Olga Pauline Claudine Agnes; 26 May 186724 March 1953) was Queen of the United Kingdom, Dominion of the United Kingdom and Empress of India, from 6 May 1910 to 20 January 1936 as the wife of Emperor George V of the United Kingdom.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Mary adalah anak pertama dari Francis, Adipati Teck, seorang bangsawan Jerman dan Putri Mary Adelaide dari Cambridge, anggota dari Keluarga kerajaan Inggris.","translated_text":"Mary was the first child of Francis, Duke of Teck, a German nobleman and Princess Mary Adelaide of Cambridge, a member of the British Royal Family.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Dia secara informal dikenal sebagai \"May\", yang diambil dari bulan kelahirannya.","translated_text":"She is informally known as \"May\", taken from the month of her birth.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Pada usia 24 tahun, dia dijodohkan dengan Pangeran Albert Victor, Adipati Clarence dan Avondale yang merupakan putra sulung Pangeran Wales dan urutan kedua pewaris takhta kerajaan Britania Raya.","translated_text":"At the age of 24, she was betrothed to Prince Albert Victor, Duke of Clarence and Avondale who was the eldest son of the Prince of Wales and second in line to the British throne.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Enam minggu setelah pengumuman pertunangan, Albert Victor meninggal secara tidak terduga selama pandemi influenza.","translated_text":"Six weeks after the announcement of the engagement, Albert Victor died unexpectedly during the influenza pandemic.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Tahun berikutnya, dia bertunangan dengan satu-satunya adik laki-laki Albert Victor yang masih hidup yaitu George (yang kemudian menjadi raja).","translated_text":"The following year, she was engaged to Albert Victor's only surviving brother, George (who later became king).","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Sebelum suaminya naik tahta, Ratu Mary sebelumnya memegang gelar Adipatni York, Adipatni Cornwall dan Putri Wales.","translated_text":"Before her husband ascended the throne, Queen Mary had previously held the titles of Duke of York, Duke of Cornwall and Princess of Wales.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Sebagai permaisuri dari tahun 1910, Mary mendukung pemerintahan suaminya.","translated_text":"As queen from 1910, Mary supported her husband's rule.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Kesehatan suaminya yang buruk dan perubahan politik besar yang timbul dari akibat Perang Dunia I menjadi masalah saat itu.","translated_text":"Her husband's poor health and the major political changes resulting from World War I were a problem at the time.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Pada tahun 1936, putra tertuanya yakni Edward VIII naik tahta setelah kematian George V dan membuat Ratu Mary menjadi ibu suri.","translated_text":"In 1936, her eldest son Edward VIII ascended the throne after the death of George V and made Queen Mary his stepmother.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Hal yang membuatnya kecewa, karena Edward VIII turun tahta pada tahun yang sama untuk menikah dengan sosialita Amerika yang pernah dua kali bercerai Wallis Simpson.","translated_text":"It disappointed him, because Edward VIII abdicated in the same year to marry the American socialite who had twice divorced Wallis Simpson.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Putra keduanya, George VI naik tahta menggantikan kakaknya sampai kematiannya pada tahun 1952.","translated_text":"His second son, George VI, succeeded his brother to the throne until his death in 1952.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Ratu Mary meninggal pada tahun berikutnya, pada masa pemerintahan cucunya Elizabeth dari Britania Raya, yang belum dinobatkan.","translated_text":"Queen Mary died the following year, during the reign of her uncrowned granddaughter Elizabeth of Great Britain.","trailing_whitespace":" ","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":"Sebuah kapal laut, sebuah battlecruiser dan universitas dinamai untuk menghormatinya.","translated_text":"A sea ship, a battlecruiser and a university were named in his honor.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"heading","text":"Referensi","translated_text":"References","level":2,"citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"|-","translated_text":"What are you doing?","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]},{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"Kategori","translated_text":"Categories","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]},{"text":":Permaisuri Britania Raya","translated_text":"Queen of the United Kingdom","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Tangsi, binjai kota, binjai","wikicode":"#ALIH [[Tangsi, Binjai Kota, Binjai]]{{A kapital}}","hash":"c3dd1f4738ddbae09ef384314858d94218a113756c466d2179c8b28445a7b19d","last_revision":"2010-07-14T12:43:50Z","first_revision":"2010-07-14T12:43:50Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:07.785396","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH Tangsi, Binjai Kota, Binjai\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH Tangsi, Binjai Kota, Binjai","translated_text":"I'm not going to tell you what I'm doing.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Tangstedt, pinneberg","wikicode":"#ALIH [[Tangstedt, Pinneberg]]{{A kapital}}","hash":"f131ae9dacc31be9d33b1539f44f063412602b5ccb2ddbb644e45863bc191fc1","last_revision":"2010-07-14T12:44:01Z","first_revision":"2010-07-14T12:44:01Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:07.840358","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH Tangstedt, Pinneberg\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH Tangstedt, Pinneberg","translated_text":"I'm not going to lie to you.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Tani aman, samarinda seberang, samarinda","wikicode":"#ALIH [[Tani Aman, Loa Janan Ilir, Samarinda]]{{A kapital}}","hash":"e9de0ef80a75e7ed33079fbad682a6df87b9a462b78f6a4a80d2a524c4c475ff","last_revision":"2011-01-08T20:02:31Z","first_revision":"2010-07-14T12:44:11Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:07.891124","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH Tani Aman, Loa Janan Ilir, Samarinda\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH Tani Aman, Loa Janan Ilir, Samarinda","translated_text":"I'm not sure if I'm going to be able to do it.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Tania gunadi","wikicode":"#ALIH [[Tania Gunadi]]{{A kapital}}","hash":"390a4c6b7202f45bb3e7f8f4edeeb320141c46fa69f33b4d5983ed236fdf4add","last_revision":"2010-07-14T12:44:26Z","first_revision":"2010-07-14T12:44:26Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:07.954833","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH Tania Gunadi\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH Tania Gunadi","translated_text":"What is it?","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Tania hardjosubroto","wikicode":"#ALIH [[Tania Inggita Hardjosubroto]]{{A kapital}}","hash":"2f6d5400ee4da8b5772bebfa8d699fe5d221f7451bad4ec29d056a9e5684becb","last_revision":"2021-12-22T23:08:48Z","first_revision":"2010-07-14T12:44:36Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:08.020856","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH Tania Inggita Hardjosubroto\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH Tania Inggita Hardjosubroto","translated_text":"I'm going to tell you what I'm doing.","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Tania maria","wikicode":"#ALIH [[Tania Maria]]{{A kapital}}","hash":"95d0ffd39f7f542811321940040e0f221479b43d54749fd15e32604554f5b95d","last_revision":"2010-07-14T12:44:46Z","first_revision":"2010-07-14T12:44:46Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:08.070627","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH Tania Maria\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH Tania Maria","translated_text":"What is it?","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Tanimbar selatan, maluku tenggara barat","wikicode":"#ALIH [[Tanimbar Selatan, Kepulauan Tanimbar]]{{A kapital}}","hash":"bf111a0fc1e615b142665f8933c6a4306bf659462742a5793ae450264847d347","last_revision":"2019-02-02T05:06:03Z","first_revision":"2010-07-14T12:44:56Z","first_revision_access_date":"2025-01-22T10:15:08.124801","cross_lingual_links":null,"cross_lingual_links_access_date":null,"text":"ALIH Tanimbar Selatan, Kepulauan Tanimbar\n","elements":[{"type":"paragraph","sentences":[{"text":"ALIH Tanimbar Selatan, Kepulauan Tanimbar","translated_text":"ALIH South Tanimbar, the Tanimbar Islands","trailing_whitespace":"","citations":[],"citations_needed":[]}]}],"excerpts_with_citations":[]} +{"title":"Tanimbar utara, maluku tenggara barat","wikicode":"#ALIH [[Tanimbar 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