| { | |
| "act_title": "The Hindu Married Women's Right to Separate Residence and Maintenance Act, 1946", | |
| "act_no": "XIX", | |
| "act_year": "1946", | |
| "publication_date": "19/07/2025", | |
| "sections": [ | |
| { | |
| "section_content": "1. (1) This Act may be called theHindu Married Women's Right to Separate Residence and Maintenance Act, 1946.(2) It extends to the whole of1[Bangladesh]." | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "section_content": "2. Notwithstanding any custom or law to the contrary a Hindu married woman shall be entitled to separate residence and maintenance from her husband on one or more of the following grounds, namely,-(1)\tif he is suffering from any loathsome disease not contracted from her;(2)\tif he is guilty of such cruelty towards her as renders it unsafe or undesirable for her to live with him;(3)\tif he is guilty of desertion, that is to say, of abandoning her without her consent or against her wish;(4) \tif he marries again;(5)\tif he ceases to be a Hindu by conversion to another religion;(6)\tif he keeps a concubine in the house or habitually resides with a concubine;(7)\tfor any other justifiable cause:Provided that a Hindu married woman shall not be entitled to separate residence and maintenance from her husband if she is unchaste or ceases to be a Hindu by change to another religion or fails without sufficient cause to comply with a decree of a competent Court for the restitution of conjugal rights." | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "section_content": "3. When allowing a claim for separate residence and maintenance under section 2, the Court shall determine the amount to be paid by the husband to the wife therefore, and in so doing shall have regard to the social standing of the parties and the extent of the husband's means." | |
| } | |
| ], | |
| "footnotes": [ | |
| { | |
| "footnote_text": "1The word “Bangladesh” was substituted for the word “Pakistan” by section 3 and the Second Schedule of theBangladesh Laws (Revision And Declaration) Act, 1973(Act No. VIII of 1973)" | |
| } | |
| ], | |
| "copyright_info": { | |
| "copyright_text": "Copyright©2019, Legislative and Parliamentary Affairs DivisionMinistry of Law, Justice and Parliamentary Affairs" | |
| }, | |
| "source_url": "http://bdlaws.minlaw.gov.bd/act-print-214.html", | |
| "fetch_timestamp": "2025-07-19 02:10:14", | |
| "csv_metadata": { | |
| "act_title_from_csv": "The Hindu Married Women's Right to Separate Residence and Maintenance Act, 1946", | |
| "act_no_from_csv": "XIX", | |
| "act_year_from_csv": "1946", | |
| "is_repealed": false | |
| }, | |
| "token_count": 449, | |
| "language": "english", | |
| "government_context": { | |
| "govt_system": "British Colonial Rule", | |
| "position_head_govt": "Governor of Bengal", | |
| "head_govt_name": "Sir Frederick John Burrows", | |
| "head_govt_designation": "Governor of Bengal Province (last)", | |
| "how_got_power": "British Crown appointment", | |
| "period_years": "1946-1947", | |
| "years_in_power": 1 | |
| }, | |
| "processing_info": { | |
| "processed_timestamp": "2025-07-19 19:33:21", | |
| "enhanced_with_reducer": true, | |
| "enhanced_with_govt_context": true, | |
| "language_detected": "english", | |
| "token_count": 300, | |
| "legal_context_added": true, | |
| "legal_context_timestamp": "2025-07-19 20:26:26", | |
| "year_standardized": true, | |
| "year_standardization_timestamp": "2025-07-19 20:36:00", | |
| "token_count_updated": true, | |
| "token_count_update_timestamp": "2025-07-19 20:56:08", | |
| "previous_token_count": 300, | |
| "accurate_token_count": 449 | |
| }, | |
| "legal_system_context": { | |
| "period_info": { | |
| "period_name": "British Crown Rule", | |
| "year_range": "1858-1947", | |
| "act_year": 1946 | |
| }, | |
| "legal_framework": { | |
| "primary_laws": [ | |
| "Government of India Act 1858", | |
| "Indian Penal Code 1860", | |
| "Code of Civil Procedure 1908", | |
| "Evidence Act 1872" | |
| ], | |
| "court_system": [ | |
| "High Courts (1861)", | |
| "District Courts", | |
| "Magistrate Courts" | |
| ], | |
| "legal_basis": "Codified British-Indian legal system", | |
| "enforcement_mechanism": "Imperial Police Service and civil courts" | |
| }, | |
| "government_system": { | |
| "type": "Crown Colony Administration", | |
| "structure": "Viceroy and provincial governors", | |
| "revenue_collection": "Imperial taxation system", | |
| "administrative_units": [ | |
| "Provinces", | |
| "Districts", | |
| "Sub-districts" | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| "policing_system": { | |
| "law_enforcement": "Police Act 1861 - structured police force", | |
| "military_police": "Imperial Police Service", | |
| "jurisdiction": "Provincial police under colonial control" | |
| }, | |
| "land_relations": { | |
| "tenure_system": "Zamindari, Ryotwari, and Mahalwari systems", | |
| "property_rights": "Colonial property law framework", | |
| "revenue_system": "Land revenue administration", | |
| "peasant_status": "Various tenant classes with limited rights" | |
| }, | |
| "key_characteristics": [ | |
| "Codification of laws (Penal Code, CPC, Evidence Act)", | |
| "Structured civil service system", | |
| "Constitutional developments (1909, 1919, 1935 Acts)", | |
| "Bengal Tenancy Act 1885 and amendments", | |
| "Emergency powers and martial law provisions" | |
| ], | |
| "context_added_timestamp": "2025-07-19 20:26:26" | |
| } | |
| } |