{
  "act_title": "The Hindu Inheritance (Removal of Disabilities) Act, 1928",
  "act_no": "XII",
  "act_year": "1928",
  "publication_date": "19/07/2025",
  "sections": [
    {
      "section_content": "1. (1) This Act may be called theHindu Inheritance (Removal of Disabilities) Act, 1928.(2) It extends to the whole of1[Bangladesh].(3) It shall not apply to any person governed by the Dayabhaga School of Hindu Law."
    },
    {
      "section_content": "2. Notwithstanding any rule of Hindu Law or custom to the contrary, no person governed by the Hindu Law, other than a person who is and has been from birth a lunatic or idiot, shall be excluded from inheritance or from any right or share in joint-family property by reason only of any disease, deformity, or physical or mental defect."
    },
    {
      "section_content": "3. Nothing contained in this Act shall affect any right which has accrued or any liability which has been incurred before the commencement thereof, or shall be deemed to confer upon any person any right in respect of any religious office or service or of the management of any religious or charitable trust which he would not have had if this Act had not been passed."
    }
  ],
  "footnotes": [
    {
      "footnote_text": "1The word \"Bangladesh\" was substituted, for the word \"Pakistan\" by section 3 and 2nd Schedule of theBangladesh Laws (Revision And Declaration) Act, 1973(Act No. VIII of 1973)"
    }
  ],
  "copyright_info": {
    "copyright_text": "Copyright©2019, Legislative and Parliamentary Affairs DivisionMinistry of Law, Justice and Parliamentary Affairs"
  },
  "source_url": "http://bdlaws.minlaw.gov.bd/act-print-147.html",
  "fetch_timestamp": "2025-07-19 02:08:45",
  "csv_metadata": {
    "act_title_from_csv": "The Hindu Inheritance (Removal of Disabilities) Act, 1928",
    "act_no_from_csv": "XII",
    "act_year_from_csv": "1928",
    "is_repealed": false
  },
  "token_count": 353,
  "language": "english",
  "government_context": {
    "govt_system": "British Colonial Rule",
    "position_head_govt": "Governor of Bengal",
    "head_govt_name": "Sir Francis Stanley Jackson",
    "head_govt_designation": "Governor of Bengal Province",
    "how_got_power": "British Crown appointment",
    "period_years": "1927-1932",
    "years_in_power": 5
  },
  "processing_info": {
    "processed_timestamp": "2025-07-19 19:33:20",
    "enhanced_with_reducer": true,
    "enhanced_with_govt_context": true,
    "language_detected": "english",
    "token_count": 209,
    "legal_context_added": true,
    "legal_context_timestamp": "2025-07-19 20:26:26",
    "year_standardized": true,
    "year_standardization_timestamp": "2025-07-19 20:35:57",
    "token_count_updated": true,
    "token_count_update_timestamp": "2025-07-19 20:56:06",
    "previous_token_count": 209,
    "accurate_token_count": 353
  },
  "legal_system_context": {
    "period_info": {
      "period_name": "British Crown Rule",
      "year_range": "1858-1947",
      "act_year": 1928
    },
    "legal_framework": {
      "primary_laws": [
        "Government of India Act 1858",
        "Indian Penal Code 1860",
        "Code of Civil Procedure 1908",
        "Evidence Act 1872"
      ],
      "court_system": [
        "High Courts (1861)",
        "District Courts",
        "Magistrate Courts"
      ],
      "legal_basis": "Codified British-Indian legal system",
      "enforcement_mechanism": "Imperial Police Service and civil courts"
    },
    "government_system": {
      "type": "Crown Colony Administration",
      "structure": "Viceroy and provincial governors",
      "revenue_collection": "Imperial taxation system",
      "administrative_units": [
        "Provinces",
        "Districts",
        "Sub-districts"
      ]
    },
    "policing_system": {
      "law_enforcement": "Police Act 1861 - structured police force",
      "military_police": "Imperial Police Service",
      "jurisdiction": "Provincial police under colonial control"
    },
    "land_relations": {
      "tenure_system": "Zamindari, Ryotwari, and Mahalwari systems",
      "property_rights": "Colonial property law framework",
      "revenue_system": "Land revenue administration",
      "peasant_status": "Various tenant classes with limited rights"
    },
    "key_characteristics": [
      "Codification of laws (Penal Code, CPC, Evidence Act)",
      "Structured civil service system",
      "Constitutional developments (1909, 1919, 1935 Acts)",
      "Bengal Tenancy Act 1885 and amendments",
      "Emergency powers and martial law provisions"
    ],
    "context_added_timestamp": "2025-07-19 20:26:26"
  }
}