Study_ID,Objectives,Included,Excluded
CRD420250616527,"How do the metrics of heart rate variability (HRV), both in the time domain and frequency domain, vary in patients diagnosed with anorexia nervosa compared to healthy controls? Additionally, how are these variations related to the different stages of the disorder and to clinical outcomes, considering the measurement time?","Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a mental health disorder characterized by severe caloric restriction, primarily affecting adolescent females (lifetime prevalence up to 4%) and males (0.3%). It has the highest mortality rate among mental disorders, at 5%.Beyond significant weight loss, AN causes severe physical consequences due to malnutrition, including growth impairments, bone fragility, muscle weakness, neuroendocrine dysfunctions, and autonomic nervous system dysregulation, which can lead to cardiovascular complications and increased mortality. Inclusion Criteria:- Patients with anorexia nervosa based on standardized diagnostic criteria (DSM-5).- Participants in various phases of the disease, including acute, recovery, and post-recovery stages. The main exposure in this case will be the measurement of HRV and its parameters in patients with anorexia nervosa.Studies will be included that measure various HRV parameters, such as:- Time-domain measures: SDNN, RMSSD, pNN50.- Frequency-domain measures: LF, HF, LF/HF ratio Healthy controls who do not suffer from anorexia nervosa.","Exclusion Criteria:- Patients with other primary eating disorders (e.g., bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder) without specific subgroup analysis for anorexia nervosa.- Studies including participants with comorbid conditions that could independently affect the outcomes (e.g., severe cardiovascular or endocrine disorders unrelated to anorexia nervosa)."
CRD42020203829,"We would like to answer two research questions: 1) Is there evidence for parenting behaviors predicting later children’s effortful control, for children’s effortful control predicting later parenting behaviors, and/or longitudinal and transactional relations between them? 2) If heterogeneity exists among relations between parenting behaviors and children’s effortful control, will the variance be explained by moderators, such as sample characteristics, types of effortful control and parenting behaviors, aspects of study design, and publication status of the literature?","We focus on children's effortful control. which refers to a trait-level top-down self-regulation that involves attentional focusing, attentional shifting, inhibition and activation control of behavior, emotion regulation, and basic level cognitive control when it is used for self-regulation (Nigg, 2017; Rothbart, 2011). Effortful control has been found to predict various types of developmental outcomes related to children' well-being and mental health, such as depression, anxiety, or behavioral problems (Eisenberg et al., 2016).",
CRD42025646217,"What are the barriers, feasibility, and challenges of implementing community-based palliative care for patients with cancer in India, as reported in observational and interventional studies?","This systematic review focuses on palliative care, a specialized form of healthcare aimed at improving the quality of life for patients with serious, life-limiting conditions, particularly those with cancer. Palliative care addresses not only the physical aspects of patient care, such as pain relief and symptom management, but also psychological, social, and spiritual needs. It involves a holistic approach to alleviate suffering, enhance comfort, and provide support for patients and their families during the end-of-life process.
In India, the integration and implementation of palliative care face significant barriers, including limited healthcare resources, a shortage of trained professionals, and cultural and societal challenges. This review examines the feasibility, challenges, and barriers to delivering community-based palliative care in India, specifically from the perspective of nursing care, and evaluates its impact on patient and caregiver satisfaction, cost-effectiveness, and outcomes such as morbidity and mortality.",
CRD42025636888,"The quality of the literatures are evaluated, whether there are large heterogeneity, whether there are publication biases and reporting biases in the included literatures, and the statistical methods were clarified.","Metabolic syndrome is a complex metabolic disorder characterized by the aggregation of multiple metabolic abnormalities such as obesity, hypertension, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia in the same individual. This state greatly increases the risk of developing chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Metabolic syndrome not only affects the physical health of patients and reduces the quality of life, but also may bring heavy economic burden to families and society. Metabolic syndrome not only affects the physical health of patients and reduces the quality of life, but also may bring heavy economic burden to families and society. Therefore, it is important to actively prevent and treat metabolic syndrome, improve lifestyle, control diet, and increase physical exercise to maintain individual health.",
CRD42023434372,"What is the effectiveness of receiving polygenic risk information for cardiovascular disease in risk factor medication, and what are the associated behavioural and psychological impacts in individuals with or without cardiovascular disease?","Cardiovascular disease, coronary artery disease, polygenic risk score (PRS), genetic risk score, genetic risk This review will consider studies that include participants who are adults (defined as 18 years and over) of either sex, any age or ethic group, with and without evidence of CVD. This review will consider studies that evaluate the effectiveness of receiving individual’s PRS for CVD or CVD-related gene results. Typically, we expect the intervention to consist of the individual being presented with the PRS result and an explanation being given detailing what the score means and the implication this has for their heart health and behaviours. This review will consider studies that compare the intervention to two control conditions: one where no risk information is provided, and another where risk information derived from traditional risk factors, such as age, smoking, diet, hypertension, diabetes, and family history.",
CRD42022328170,"1. What is the level of mental health literacy in secondary school teachers?
2. What are the existing interventions for improving secondary school teachers’ mental health literacy (MHL) and is there any evidence of effectiveness?",Secondary school teacher or staff mental health literacy,
CRD42023434712,"1. What is the mental health experience of individuals with post-covid fatigue, and what is the severity of their mental health difficulties? 2. What are the techniques and content used in interventions which are effective in improving mental health outcomes for individuals experiencing post-covid fatigue?","The condition being studied is post-Covid fatigue, which is characterised by fatigue symptoms which persist after 12 or more weeks following Covid-19 infection, and are not explained by another diagnosis (NICE Covid-19 rapid guidelines).",
CRD420250650227,What conditions are pharmacist-led in general practises and its impact? What is the patient's perspective of pharmacist-led services in general practice?,"Services being provided by pharmacists in general practice Inclusion: any service provided by registered pharmacists in general practice from 2015 to 2024, international studies included, GP and patient perceptions, medication reviews, educating patients or GPs, independent prescribing, any specific clinics (hypertension, diabetes, mental health etc) Exclusion: any services provided in community or hospital settings, pharmacist's providing traditional dispensing services, studies prior to 2015, health economics, pharmacist perceptions Intervention - pharmacists providing services in general practiceExposure - what services are commonly pharmacist-led in general practice Not applicable",
CRD42022324338,1. How is social cognition associated with violence?,Social Cognition in Violence,
CRD42023452418,What is the relationship between neuroticism and anxiety among individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic?,"The systematic review focuses on investigating the relationship between neuroticism and anxiety in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Neuroticism is a personality trait characterized by emotional instability, a tendency to experience negative emotions, and heightened sensitivity to stressors. Anxiety, on the other hand, is a psychological state characterized by feelings of worry, fear, and apprehension.",
CRD420250629794,"1) How is spirituality in schizophrenia patients? 2) Is spirituality a coping mechanism for schizophrenia, 3) What is the relationship between spirituality and schizophrenia recovery?","(1) studies comprising schizophrenia patients, (2) related to spiritual experiences and descriptions from the first-person perspective, Schizophrenia patients related to spiritual experiences and descriptions from the first-person perspective, The inclusion criteria included (1) studies comprising schizophrenia patients, (2) related to spiritual experiences and descriptions from the first-person perspective, (3) journal publications from the years 2019 to 2023, (4) qualitative or quantitative study, and (5) published in English. The exclusion comprised 1) article descriptions from the perspectives of nurses, mental health staff, caregivers, or psychotherapists, and 2) written in the form of reviews, conference proceedings, protocols, and theses/dissertations. article descriptions from the perspectives of nurses, mental health staff, caregivers, or psychotherapists, and 2) written in the form of reviews, conference proceedings, protocols, and theses/dissertations.",
CRD42023384630,"This systematic review aims to summarize and clarify the existing evidence concerning the relationship between burnout and employee silence and voice outcomes (Table 1. PICOs). There are three objectives:1. To examine whether burnout is associated with employee silence outcomes (e.g., frequency of reported silence behaviors, employee silence beliefs);2. To examine whether burnout is associated with employee voice outcomes (e.g., frequency of reported voice behaviors, employee voice beliefs)3. To examine the direction of the relationship between burnout and employee silence outcomes and between burnout and employee voice outcomes.4. To examine whether the associations between burnout and employee silence outcomes and employee voice outcomes are moderated by study level factors (e.g. full versus abbreviated measure of burnout; gender of participants, industry/sector/occupation).","Burnout is a psychological syndrome that involves a prolonged response to chronic emotional and interpersonal stressors on the job (Maslach et al., 2006). The three key dimensions of job burnout are exhaustion, feelings of cynicism/depersonalization, and a sense of professional inefficacy/lack of accomplishment (Leiter & Maslach, 2016). Employee silence behavior is likely to involve high levels of emotional and cognitive self-regulation, as the employee needs to engage in an ongoing suppression that may be exacerbated by rumination outside of work, leaving less time for recovery (Sonnentag & Bayer, 2005). It is expected that increased levels of burnout will be associated with more frequent or intense experiences of employee silence. The process of burnout gradually resulting in employee silence suggests the potential of a downward loss spiral such as that described in the Job-Demands Resources (JDR) Model (Bakker & Demerouti, 2017); these spiral effects are in line with the feedback loop approach, whereby burnout reinforces silence and silence reinforces burnout. Thus, the review aims to summarize and clarify the existing evidence concerning the relationship between burnout and employee silence and voice outcomes. The search will be restricted to the general working population (employees) and all studies should have collected data from participants who are identified as either staff, workers or employees of an organization. Burnout will be the exposure of interest operationalized as scores on burnout measures (e.g. Maslach Burnout Inventory) and the scores of burnout dimensions where available (e.g., Emotional Exhaustion, Cynicism and Lack of accomplishment according to the Maslach Burnout Inventory).",
CRD42023415470,"The primary research question is ‘What are the psychological feelings of non-suicidal self-injury adolescents? ’
(1) The research objects are adolescents with non-suicidal self-injury behavior; (2) The research content is the psychological experience and feelings of adolescents after non-suicidal self-injury; (3) The research situation is adolescents who have non-suicidal self-injury (4) The type of research is qualitative research or the qualitative research part of mixed research, and the research methods adopt phenomenological research, grounded theory, ethnography, ethnographic research, etc.","Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) refers to direct, repeated and socially unacceptable self-injury to bodily tissues without suicidal intent , including cuts, scratches, impacts, and burns, and is a common, significant and highly public health concern. NSSI has a high prevalence in the adolescent population, with a lifetime prevalence of 22.0% and an overall 12-month prevalence of 23.2% for NSSI in a global non-clinical adolescent sample from 2010 to 2021.NSSI in adolescence may have lasting and far-reaching effects, and it is associated with a variety of psychological and behavioral disorders that seriously endanger the physical and mental health of adolescents, as well as being an important risk factor for suicide attempts and suicides , while also placing a large burden on families and society.This research summarizes the qualitative research on the psychological experience of non-suicidal self-injury in adolescents at home and abroad through a Meta-integration approach, aiming to improve the knowledge of non-suicidal self-injury among healthcare professionals and provide a basis for targeted psychological interventions by clinical healthcare professionals.",
CRD420250631495,"Population (P): Individuals diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), or adults assessed for cognitive domains.Intervention (I): Infection with the parasite Toxoplasma gondii, evaluated using IgG, IgM, or PCR tests.Comparison (C): Control groups without infection.Outcome (O): The impact of Toxoplasma gondii infection on cognitive decline, including cognitive flexibility, memory, verbal fluency, and its association with AD or PD.","Cognitive function ; Toxoplasmosis; Alzheimer's Disease The study focuses on the cognitive and neurological implications of Toxoplasma gondii infection, particularly its association with cognitive decline (including memory, cognitive flexibility, verbal fluency) and its potential role in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD). The study includes individuals diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) or Parkinson’s disease (PD) and adults of various ages assessed for cognitive domains. These participants were evaluated for Toxoplasma gondii infection using diagnostic methods such as IgG, IgM, or PCR tests. The primary exposure is infection with Toxoplasma gondii. This is assessed through serological markers (IgG and IgM antibodies) and molecular diagnostic methods (PCR). The study investigates the effects of both acute (IgM) and chronic (IgG) infections on cognitive functions and their potential link to neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s (AD) and Parkinson’s (PD). PICO tags selected: Healthcare services; Mental Health Care Education; Assessment Using Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale; Placebo The control groups consist of individuals without Toxoplasma gondii infection, determined by negative results in IgG, IgM, or PCR tests. These groups are used to compare cognitive outcomes and the prevalence of infection relative to the infected participants.",
CRD420250648494,"1) What is the relationship between sexual violence victimization and self-compassion? 2) What are the mental health correlates of self-compassion among survivors of sexual violence victimization at various points in the lifespan (adulthood, childhood)?","Sexual Assault; Compassion The relationship between sexual violence and self-compassion clinical and nonclinical samples of sexual assault survivors, no other exclusion criteria based on population None. Articles must include at least one measure of sexual victimization across the lifespan and one measure of self-compassion. This may include both correlational/cross-sectional and intervention studies",
CRD420250602383,How effective are virtual reality interventions for childhood anxiety and anxiety disorders?,Childhood; Anxiety Disorder; Anxiety; Virtual Reality; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Adolescence Childhood Anxiety and Anxiety Disorders. Children (under 18 years of age) with anxiety disorders and childhood anxiety Virtual Reality; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Behavioral Therapy PICO tags selected: Usual Care; Active control; Waiting list control,Adults (18 years and above) Studies on the efficacy of VRET on medical pediatric prrocedures will be excluded.
CRD42021282629,How does yoga practice affect the post-training recovery from physiological fatigue in football players in comparison to routine recovery methods?,Physiological Recovery from Fatigue after Training in Football Players,
CRD42023411677,Is there any evidence based and clinically pragmatic method to assess testamentary capacity?,Testamentary Capacity,
CRD42022312717,"Is the composition of time spent in movement behaviours (sleep, sedentary behaviour/screen time, physical activity) associated with mental health?",Mental health outcomes in non-clinical adult or child populations in relation to 24-hour movement behaviours.,
CRD420251001903,To explore the effects of traditional Chinese medicine formulas in treating depression by regulating the gut microbiota and the microbiota - gut - brain axis through meta - analysis.,meet the diagnostic criteria for depression;The patient is conscious and cooperative. Traditional Chinese Medicine; Herbal medicine PICO tags selected: Usual Care case - control study,Those with comorbid mental disorders; patients with allergic constitution; those who have taken medications for mental disorders or antibiotics within the past two weeks; and those with severe gastrointestinal diseases animal experimental study
CRD42025635936,"""What is the efficacy of digital therapeutics in improving mental health outcomes, patient engagement, and adherence in psychiatric nursing interventions across different patient populations?""","This systematic review focuses on the use of digital therapeutics (DTx) in the domain of psychiatric nursing for the management and treatment of mental health disorders. The review will examine conditions such as depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and other psychiatric or mood disorders across various patient populations, including adolescents, adults, and the elderly.
The review aims to evaluate how digital interventions, including mobile health apps, telepsychiatry, virtual therapy, and digital cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), enhance patient outcomes, improve adherence to treatment, and support psychiatric nurses in delivering effective care.",
CRD420250656437,"What is the impact of nursing interventions on improving access to mental health services among vulnerable populations (Romani people, migrants, and youth) compared to no intervention or standard interventions, according to evidence from clinical trials and cohort studies?","This systematic review focuses on access to mental health services among vulnerable populations, including Romani people, migrants and youth. The study examines how community nursing interventions impact barriers to mental healthcare, such as cultural, geographic, financial and behavioral factors, with the aim of improving accessibility and promoting health equity. The analysis will be guided by the Levesque and PRISM/RE-AIM frameworks. Individuals in vulnerable situations with limited access to mental health services (Romani population, migrants and youth). Community nursing interventions aimed at improving access to mental health services. Inclusion criteria will focus on interventions designed to reduce barriers to mental healthcare and promote access for vulnerable populations. Exclusion criteria will include non-empirical studies and protocols. Absence of intervention or standard interventions that are not specifically aimed at improving access.",
CRD42024596858,"How do physical (somatic) and psychological symptoms of postpartum depression differ between individualistic and collectivist cultures, and to what extent do cultural norms influence somatisation in these contexts?","This review focuses on postpartum depression (PPD), a mental health condition that affects women after childbirth, characterised by psychological symptoms (e.g., depression, anxiety) and physical or somatic symptoms (e.g., fatigue, headaches). The review will explore how these symptoms differ across cultural contexts.",
CRD42024615711,What is the association between mentalizing ability and NSSI behaviors? This systematic review aims to systematically review and synthesize relevant studies in this area and present a meta-analysis of this association if appropriate.,"Mentalizing ability, Non-suicidal self-injury
Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a prevalent behavior among adolescents and young adults, particularly those facing emotional challenges. Research indicates that NSSI occurs in approximately 15-20% of adolescents, making it a significant concern in mental health.
Mentalizing ability refers to the capacity to understand and interpret the mental states—such as thoughts, beliefs, desires, and emotions—of oneself and others. This ability allows individuals to make sense of their own behavior and the behavior of others by attributing intentions, motivations, and feelings to actions. It is closely related to concepts like Theory of Mind and reflective functioning and plays a critical role in social interactions, empathy, and emotional regulation.
An individual's mentalizing ability is crucial in understanding and addressing NSSI. Those who engage in NSSI often struggle with managing intense emotions, such as distress, sadness, or anger. They may resort to self-injury as a maladaptive coping mechanism to regulate these overwhelming emotions. Although several studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of Mentalization-Based Treatment in reducing the rate of NSSI, there is a lack of systematic reviews that summarize the characteristics and manifestations of individual mentalizing ability in relation to NSSI.",
CRD42024620979,Our aim is to find out the prevalence of anxiety and depression among frontline medical staff in the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic and explore the potential influencing factors.,"Anxiety, Depression, Mental health of medical staff.",
CRD420251035821,What integrated care service models exist for children and young people (aged 0–18) in primary and community care settings?,"Inclusion: Individuals i.e. children in the age range of 0-18 years within a Primary/community care service. Integrated services; Collaborative care; Shared Care; Primary healthcare services; Community Care Inclusion Criteria: 1. A care pathway/service model/ framework is discussed in relation with integrated service for children. 2. Individuals i.e. children in the age range of 0-18 years within Primary and community care settings. 3. The article must report impact on service integration (must report primary data-qualitative or quantitative) 4. Public, voluntary and private health and social care service providers 5. Any community Health care and/or social care service provided by HSCPs (physiotherapists, occupational therapists, speech and language therapists, psychologists, dietitians, social workers etc.) may be in collaboration with medical and nursing professionals. 6. Primary research including service evaluation and pilot studies with available primary data (qualitative, quantitative, or mixed methods). 7. Studies published after 1 January 2016. 8. Stdies published in English language","Exclusion: Individuals above 18 years of age attending non primary/community care services e.g. disability services or acute medical services or residential care services. Exclusion Criteria: 1. Studies not related to integrated care. 2. Individuals above 18 years of age attending non primary/community care services e.g. disability services or acute medical or residential or long term care services. 3. The article does not report impact on service integration 4. Services are provided by medical and nursing professionals exclusively and in settings such as long term care, acute, residential and disability services. 5. Theoretical, conceptual, or commentary papers or papers reporting secondary data such as systematic review or protocols. Standalone projects, initiatives, or one-off interventions that are not embedded in or linked to an integrated service model or pathway such as clinical or condition-specific interventions focused solely on: 6. Studies published before 1 January 2016. 7. Studies published in languages other than English Theoretical, conceptual, or commentary papers or Papers reporting secondary data such as systematic review or protocols. Standalone projects, initiatives, or one-off interventions that are not embedded in or linked to an integrated service model or pathway such as clinical or condition-specific interventions focused solely on: 1. Oncology or palliative care 2. Dental/oral health services 3. Vision/optometry services 4. HIV-specific care 5. Immunisation/vaccination programmes."
CRD42024575022,"Strictly speaking, PICOS is not applicable to this study.
This article explores the relationship between non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and negative life events through meta-analysis. Self-harm is an important issue in the field of adolescent mental health, and negative life events are significant risk factors for self-harm behavior. Many studies have explored the relationship between non-suicidal self-injury and negative life events, but the results of these studies are not consistent.Through literature search and screening, articles that meet the requirements are selected, key data from these articles are extracted, and then imported into meta-analysis software. Through statistical analysis, the correlation between non-suicidal self-injury and negative life events is explored. At the same time, the research team will investigate which moderating variables affect the relationship between the two and which do not.","Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) involves an individual deliberately and repeatedly inflicting damage upon their own body tissue without the intent to die. In the context of adolescence, this issue commands particular attention from health professionals and educators worldwide. Extensive research has identified two primary categories of risk factors for NSSI: early childhood trauma and personal vulnerabilities.Research on self-harm primarily revolves around the definition of self-harm behaviors, the factors influencing them, and the construction of theoretical models. To deeply elucidate the reasons and motivations behind self-harm behaviors, researchers have proposed numerous theoretical models, such as the Developmental Case Model and the Integrated Model, each with its own focus. Adolescents are a high-incidence group for self-harm. The rate of self-harm among adolescents has shown an increasing trend over the past decade. Despite the growing body of research on self-harm, there are still many issues that warrant further exploration.",
CRD42022339004,What are children and young people’s experiences of living with IBD?,Inflammatory Bowel Disease,
CRD42022298975,"What is the reliability and validity (construct, predictive and incremental) of the SSPI/SSPI-2 in forensic settings?",Psychometric properties. Pedophilia. Pedohebephilia. Screening Scale for Pedophilic Interests. Forensic.,
CRD42024574420,What is the comparative effectiveness of different outreach models in improving substance use outcomes for individuals experiencing homelessness and struggling with addiction?,This review focuses on substance use disorders among homeless populations.,
CRD420250616830,Is Dialectical Behavioural Therapy effective in reducing emotional dysregulation and psychopathology in youth with internalising disorders?,"Internalizing behaviour; Anxiety; Depression; Eating Disorder; Suicide; Suicidal Ideation; Self-harm; Emotional regulation ; Posttraumatic Stress Disorder; Somatic symptom and related disorders; Borderline Personality Disorder; Obsessive-compulsive Disorder Youth (6-18years) with internalising disorders/symptomology including those with anxiety, depression, disordered eating, somatic concerns, trauma-related symptoms, borderline personality disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, suicidal ideation, or self-harm. Inclusion criteria: Youth (6-18 years) including samples with depression, anxiety, somatic concerns, obsessive-compulsive related, trauma-related, eating disorders, and suicidality / self-harm diagnoses or symptomology. Must be stable on pharmacological treatment if applicable. Dialectical Behavior Therapy Inclusion criteria: Dialectical Behavioural Therapy / Skills training with manual or description of intervention included. PICO tags selected: Active control; Placebo; Usual Care Any studies with or without control groups.","Exclusion criteria: • Adult populations above 18 years of age. • Diagnoses or symptoms not related to the mental health conditions described above in inclusion criteria. • Special populations (e.g., intellectual difficulties, autism spectrum disorder, medical conditions). Exclusion criteria: NO other therapeutic modalities (singular or combined with DBT)."
CRD420251030238,"This systematic review aims to elucidate, through the literature, knowledge about the psychological status of patients in the postoperative period of bariatric surgery, taking into account the possible variations that may occur and the repercussions on mental health.",Studies that investigated the association between psychiatric changes and bariatric surgery will be included in this review. Bariatric surgery; Mental Health Screening The database search will be carried out with the selection of the following filters for article types: observational studies. Studies that investigated the association between psychiatric changes and bariatric surgery will be included.,Studies that exclusively evaluated weight loss or other non-psychiatric outcomes were excluded. Studies that exclusively assessed weight loss or other non-psychiatric outcomes were excluded.
CRD42024613675,What is the comparative efficacy of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) versus aerobic exercise in treating depression in adults?,"Depression, also known as major depressive disorder (MDD), is a common and debilitating mental health condition characterized by persistent feelings of sadness, loss of interest in daily activities, and a range of physical and cognitive symptoms.
Depression can vary in severity, from mild to moderate to severe, and often requires treatment to manage symptoms and improve overall functioning. Traditional treatments for depression include pharmacotherapy (antidepressants) and psychotherapy (e.g., cognitive-behavioral therapy), but a significant number of patients either do not respond to or cannot tolerate these treatments. This has led to increased interest in non-pharmacological interventions, such as transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and aerobic exercise, as alternative or adjunctive treatments.
This review will focus on comparing the efficacy of these two interventions—tDCS and aerobic exercise—in treating depression in adults, assessing their relative effectiveness in reducing depressive symptoms and improving treatment outcomes.",
CRD420251020562,"The primary objective of this study is to systematically review the existing literature & perform a meta-Analysis to estimate the prevalence of depression among the medical students in south Asia. Additionally, the study also aims to identify & analyze the numerous pre-existing factors associated with depression in population of this region.","The review will encompass studies from diverse ethnic groups and genders across south Asian region covering those pursuing degrees such as Bachelor of Medicine and Surgery, Bachelor of Dental Surgery, as well as undergraduate medical students, intern doctors, pre-clinical and clinical students, and both residency and non-residency medical graduate trainees. Being medical students.",o Non-medical students. o Studies reporting other than South Asian countries medical students. o Studies on healthcare or university students without any subgroup analysis of medical students. Being medical students.
CRD420251018358,Is there an increased prevalence of psychiatric disorders among patients with keratoconus compared to individuals without keratoconus?,"Patients diagnosed with keratoconus (any age, any setting). Psychiatric patient care Diagnosis of psychiatric disorders, including but not limited to: depression, anxiety, OCD, schizophrenia, autism, ADHD. PICO tags selected: Healthcare services Patients without keratoconus Observational studies: cross-sectional, case-control, cohort",Case reports or studies without a comparison or prevalence estimate. case series
CRD420250630757,"Research Question: What is the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents worldwide, and how do prevalence rates vary by age, gender and geographic region?Sub-questions:1. What are the main risk factors associated with psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents?2. How do prevalence rates differ across cultural, socioeconomic and geographic contexts?3. What is the distribution of specific psychiatric disorders (e.g., anxiety, depression, ADHD) in this population?4. How have prevalence rates of psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents evolved over the past decade?The context of the study includes:P-Population: children and adolescents (0-18 years).I-Intervention/Exposure: Not applicable (observational approach).C-Comparison: not applicable (descriptive and analytical focus).O-Outcomes: Prevalence and associated risk factors of psychiatric disorders.Study Design: Cross-sectional, cohort, or patient-mortality studies using standardized diagnostic criteria (e.g., DSM, ICD).The questions aim to provide a comprehensive understanding of the epidemiology of psychiatric disorders in young adults and to formulate targeted public health strategies.","Childhood; Adolescence; Mental disorder; Disease risk factor; Mental Health Review This systematic review focuses on psychiatric disorders affecting children and adolescents. These include conditions such as anxiety disorders, depression, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), conduct disorders, autistic spectrum, and other psychiatric disorders. The study examines the prevalence, risk factors, and differences by age, gender, and geographic region to improve understanding and management of these conditions. This systematic review focuses on children and adolescents with psychiatric disorders.The review aims to analyze data on the prevalence and risk factors for psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents, taking into account age, gender, and geographic or socioeconomic variations.Eligibility CriteriaInclusion Criteria:1. Studies reporting prevalence or incidence of psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents (0-18 years).2. Studies using standardized diagnostic criteria (e.g., DSM, ICD).3. Studies published in the English language the last decade4. Peer-reviewed articles and high-quality reports. This systematic review does not focus on specific interventions but examines exposure to psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents.Inclusion Criteria:1. Studies that document the prevalence or incidence of psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents (0-18 years).2. Studies using standardised diagnostic criteria (e.g., DSM, ICD).3. Papers published in English in the last decade.4. Studies that are peer-reviewed or high-quality reports.","Exclusion Criteria: 1. Studies focusing exclusively on adults or mixed populations without separate data for children/adolescents. 2. Non-empirical studies, editorials, or gray literature (e.g., theses). Exclusion Criteria: 1. Studies that focus exclusively on adults or mixed populations with no separate data for children/adolescents. 2. Non-empirical studies, editorials, or grey literature (e.g., dissertations). The report is reviewed through observation and analysis of risk factors, epidemiological trends and diagnostic patterns, providing a comprehensive picture of the epidemiology of psychiatric disorders in young adults."
CRD42024579204,What are the differences in mental health outcomes between art production and appreciation?,"Mental health and wellbeing outcomes (anxiety, depression, stress, wellbeing).",
CRD420250654988,"Aim 1: To identify the evidence-based treatments or adaptations of evidence-based treatments that have been utilized to treat Muslims with clinical and subclinical psychiatric disorders.Aim 1a: Determine what types of treatments have been delivered to Muslim populations.Aim 1b: Identify which specific disorders have the treatments attempted to target. Aim 2: To determine the benefits of treatments addressing clinical and subclinical psychiatric disorders in Muslims. Aim 2a: Evaluate how the treatments were adapted, if they were. Aim 2b: Determine the efficacy/effectiveness and feasibly of the treatments. Aim 3: To identify gaps in the treatment and offer recommendations to clinical providers, researchers, and Muslim community leaders who seek to target Muslim clinical and subclinical psychiatric disorders.","Evaluate the state of the literature on evidence-based treatments for mental health problems among Muslims. Study must include participants who identify as Muslim, regardless of national and ethnic background. Study must include symptoms or diagnosis of at least one mental health and/or substance use problem. A formal mental health diagnosis is not required. Must be a clinic trail that has at least an experimental condition and control/usual care condition.",Do not identify as Muslim A mental health and/or substance use symptom or diagnosis was not assessed.
CRD42023457357,"research question is:
What is the efficacy of art therapy interventions in reducing depressive symptoms among children and adolescents with diagnosed depression?
To address this main question, we will further refine our inquiry through the following specific sub-questions:
Population (P): What are the characteristics of children and adolescents with diagnosed depression who have participated in art therapy interventions?
Intervention (I): What types of art therapy interventions have been utilized for treating depression in this population?
Comparison (C): To what extent have control or comparison conditions been implemented in studies assessing art therapy for depression in children and adolescents?
Outcomes (O): How are the depressive symptoms of participants measured following art therapy interventions?
Study Designs: What types of study designs have been employed in evaluating the effectiveness of art therapy for depression in children and adolescents?","In our systematic review titled ""A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Art Therapy for Depression in Children and Adolescents,"" we are focusing on the treatment of depression in the pediatric and adolescent population. Depression is a common mental health disorder characterized by persistent symptoms such as sadness, loss of interest, decreased energy, and low self-esteem. This condition can significantly impact the daily lives, academic performance, and social interactions of children and adolescents. Therefore, finding effective interventions is crucial for improving their mental well-being.
This study aims to assess the efficacy of art therapy in treating depression among children and adolescents through systematic review and meta-analysis. We will gather and synthesize existing research to determine whether art therapy holds potential benefits in alleviating depressive symptoms, enhancing psychological well-being, and improving overall quality of life. By delving into this field, we intend to provide more therapeutic options and recommendations for enhancing the mental health of children and adolescents.",
CRD420250652619,What are the lived experiences of British Army Officers Wiveswhat are the demands and responsibilities placed on Army Officers Wives and the effect on their psychological wellbeingPsychological wellbeing Army Officers wives,"Psychological distress; Psychological well-being; Mental Distress Psychological wellbeing of British Army Officers Wives Women married to Army Officers and the effect on their psychological wellbeingInclusion criteria: Women married to current officers in the British Army Psychological Analysis; Emotional Support; Stress Management; Coping Support What are the lived experiences of British Army Officers Wives: what are the demands and responsibilities placed on them and the effect on their psychological wellbeing.Specifically, the objectives of the review were to gather and synthesize the existingknowledge relating to:- The day-to-day experiences of AOWs during the time their husband has been an Army Officer, the challenges they faced, how they managed and coped with these and the impact on their psychological wellbeing. PICO tags selected: Psychological Well-being Education; Stress Management; Coping Support","Women married to current serving soldiers who husbands were not Army officers Women married to officers who were serving in the Navy, Marines or Royal Airforce Women married to Army officers, whose husband has now left service"
CRD42024554280,"1. To estimate the pooled association between stress and various indicators of emotional well-being in medical and allied students.
2. To assess the between-study heterogeneity and its possible sources of variations.","This research investigates the various impacts of stress, including its emotional well-being effects. By synthesizing and quantitatively analyzing the consequences of stress, the study seeks to address inconsistencies in previous research. This research targets the students of medical allied subjects from all backgrounds, races, religions, and regions. Anticipatory implications include informing policymakers on effective regulations, guiding the creation of stress management programs, aiding in the development of advanced detection tools, and leading to targeted psychosocial interventions to mitigate negative effects on mental health and social behavior.",
CRD42024532820,"Broad research question: What are clinician’s attitudes towards online therapy?
Specific questions include:
• How do clinicians perceive online therapy overall?
• What are the perceived benefits of online therapy?
• What are the perceived disadvantages or barriers to online therapy?
• How do clinicians understand the differences between online and face-to-face treatment?
• How has the pandemic impacted clinicians’ attitudes to online therapy?
• What were clinicians’ experiences of the transition to online therapy?",Mental health clinicians' attitudes towards online therapy.,
CRD420251021161,How do probiotics and prebiotics affect gut microbiota composition in humans?,"Healthy adults or adults with depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, sleep disorders, or pain. Probiotics; Prebiotics ecas","Inclusion criteria: Age: Adults (≥18 years). Health status: Healthy individuals or those diagnosed with depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, sleep disorders, or chronic pain.  Intervention: Studies evaluating the effects of probiotics and/or prebiotics on gut microbiota and their relationship with mental health.  Study design: Clinical trials, cohort studies, and case-control studies.  Publication: Articles published in peer-reviewed scientific journals within the last 10 years.  Exclusion Criteria: Age: Individuals under 18 years old.  Severe comorbidities: Patients with neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, severe inflammatory bowel diseases (such as Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis), or immunosuppression.  Mixed interventions: Studies where the effects of probiotics and prebiotics cannot be distinguished from other interventions (e.g., general dietary changes or psychotropic drugs).  Animal or in vitro studies.  Systematic reviews or meta-analyses (except for reference search purposes).  Studies with low methodological quality or without a control group. pilots, protocols and revision"
CRD420251030337,"The primary objective of this review is to investigate the association between online gambling and substance dependence in children and adolescents. Specifically, the review will address the following questions:","Age group: Individuals aged 18 years or younger (children and adolescents) Condition: Participants involved in online gambling activities, with or without a diagnosed substance use disorder. Geographic criteria: Studies conducted globally, including both developed and developing countries. Language: Studies published in English and Greek.  Study type: Empirical studies, including observational, cohort, and cross-sectional studies, as well as intervention studies focusing on online gambling and substance dependence. Drug Addiction Counseling; Screening For Mental Disorders; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Psychosocial Care; Parenting Education; Organizational policies and procedures Published studies in English or Greek Primary studies (quantitative, qualitative, or mixed-method)  Studies examining the relationship between online gambling and substance use/addiction  Publication period from 2010 to 2025  Studies including participants up to 18 years old  Studies using appropriate research methodologies (e.g., longitudinal, cross-sectional studies, meta-analyses) This review does not include specific comparators or control groups as it focuses on exploring the relationship between online gambling and substance use in adolescents. The studies included will not compare interventions or treatments but rather aim to assess the correlation between online gambling behavior and substance use disorders among minors. Therefore, no specific comparator criteria are applicable for this review. Observational studies (cohort studies, case-control studies, cross-sectional studies) Non-randomised studies  Quantitative studies (including statistical analyses)  Qualitative studies (if relevant)  Mixed-methods studies (if applicable)  Systematic reviews or meta-analyses (if relevant studies are available)","Age group: Individuals older than 18 years (adults). Condition: Participants who do not engage in online gambling activities or who do not have a diagnosis of substance use disorder.  Language: Studies published in languages other than English or Greek.  Study type: Studies that do not focus on the relationship between online gambling and substance use disorder, such as studies on gambling behavior unrelated to addiction.  Geographic criteria: Studies from regions with no relevant data on youth online gambling or substance use disorder, or from countries where gambling is illegal for minors. Studies focusing exclusively on adults Studies that do not provide clear evidence regarding online gambling or substance use  Opinion pieces, commentaries, or non-empirical research  Studies published more than 10–15 years ago  Studies published in languages other than Greek or English Since this review does not include specific comparator groups or interventions, no exclusion criteria for comparators are applicable. The focus of this review is solely on examining the relationship between online gambling and substance use among adolescents, without comparison to other interventions or control groups. Studies focusing solely on adult populations (18 years and older) Studies that do not provide clear information on online gambling or substance use  Opinion papers, commentaries, or non-empirical research  Studies older than 10-15 years  Studies in languages other than English or Greek  Studies not involving a direct relationship between online gambling and substance use"
CRD42024502091,"Aim: To systematically review the literature to assess the effectiveness of (digital) resource-oriented interventions (both organisational and individual-level) designed to improve work engagement and well-being.
A) How do (digital) resource-oriented organizational-level and individual-level interventions impact work engagement and well-being of employees?
B) What differences exist between organisational-level and individual-level interventions regarding their effectivness on work engagement and well-being?
C) What works for whom under which circumstances? How do the following variables influence the effectivness of interventions on work engagement and well-being
- company size (SMEs vs. large enterprises)
- intervention type (digital vs. non-digital)","In our systematic review, we focus on mental health in the workplace, a critical area of research given the profound impact work has on employees' psychological well-being. Specifically, we will examine perceived work engagement as a indicator of well-being. This involves exploring how resource-oriented interventions (e.g. aimed at enhancing perceived job autonomy, social support, and feedback) influence employees' work engagement and how this, in turn, affects their mental health and overall well-being.",
CRD420251001065,,Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Behavioral Therapy; Group Cognitive Behavioural Therapy; Internet-delivered Cognitive Behavioural Therapy; Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy; Sleep And Rest Interventions; Motivational Interviewing Technique; Mindfulness; Bright white light therapy; Psychotherapy; Psychosocial Intervention Strategy; Psychosocial intervention; Light Therapy PICO tags selected: Usual Care; Attention Placebo Control; Medication prescription; Pharmacotherapy Studies with any comparator and/or no comparator will be included. 1. Randomized controlled trials (including cluster randomized controlled trials) 2. Pilot studies 3. Single-arm treatment studies with no control condition 4. Non-randomized clinical trials,
CRD42022340129,"Primary: To compare the complication rates of different fusion techniques for the surgical treatment of lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis using two classification schemes (general classification that includes intraoperative and post-operative complications, and modified Clavien-Dindo classification), including ALIF, OLIF, LLIF, XLIF, TLIF-Open, TLIF-MIS, PSDF, and PLIF.","Primary: What is the most effective fusion surgery for improving disability and pain in adults with degenerative
spondylolisthesis.
Secondary: What is the most effective treatment for improving and mental health in adults with degenerative
spondylolisthesis.Complication reporting follows different formats, during or following different fusion surgeries for lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis. Further, there is a lack of information as to which disc removal technique has the lowest complication rate. We performed a network meta-analysis (NMA) to compare the complication rates of different fusion techniques for the surgical treatment of lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis using two classification schemes (general classification that includes intraoperative and post-operative complications, and modified Clavien-Dindo classification), including ALIF, OLIF, LLIF, XLIF, TLIF-Open, TLIF-MIS, PSDF, and PLIF.",
CRD420250610648,"This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to evaluate the effects of cannabidiol (CBD) use for the treatment of neuropathic pain or neuropathies during pregnancy on neonatal outcomes. Neuropathic conditions may require pharmacological management, but the safety of CBD use in this context remains unclear, especially regarding fetal and neonatal risks. As the therapeutic use of cannabinoids grows, particularly in populations seeking alternatives to traditional medications, understanding potential neonatal effects is crucial.","Cannabinoids; Pregnancy ; Neonatal Death The condition being studied in this systematic review is the use of cannabidiol (CBD) for managing neuropathy in pregnant women and its potential impact on neonatal outcomes. Neuropathy, a condition resulting from nerve damage, can cause severe pain, sensory disturbances, and functional impairments. During pregnancy, neuropathy may arise due to various factors, including gestational diabetes, autoimmune conditions, or pre-existing neuropathic disorders. Managing neuropathic pain in pregnant women is challenging due to the limited options for safe analgesic treatments that avoid potential harm to the developing fetus.Cannabidiol (CBD), a non-psychoactive component of cannabis, has gained attention as an alternative for pain management, given its reported anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties. Unlike tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), CBD does not have psychoactive effects, making it a potentially safer option for managing neuropathic pain during pregnancy. However, there is limited evidence on the safety and effects of CBD use in pregnant women, especially regarding neonatal outcomes, such as neurological development, birth weight, and perinatal complications. This review aims to assess the existing evidence on these outcomes, addressing an important gap in maternal-fetal health research. Inclusion criteria encompass studies involving pregnant women with neuropathic conditions who used CBD, either alone or with other treatments, and report neonatal outcomes such as birth weight, gestational age, neurological development, or perinatal complications.  Cannabinoids; Drug Therapy; Traditional, complementary and alternative medicine Specifically for managing neuropathic pain. CBD, a non-psychoactive compound from the cannabis plant, is known for its potential analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties, making it a candidate for alternative pain management in pregnancy. Given the limited options for safe neuropathy treatments during pregnancy, CBD’s effectiveness and safety are critical areas of interest.Inclusion Criteria for the intervention include studies where pregnant women used CBD alone or in combination with other treatments specifically to manage neuropathic pain. Eligible studies may involve various CBD administration methods, including oral ingestion, topical application, and other clinically relevant forms, provided the dosage and frequency are documented. The review will include studies reporting CBD's impact on neonatal outcomes, such as neurological development, birth weight, and perinatal complications. PICO tags selected: Usual Care; Physical therapy exercises; Antidepressants In this review, the primary comparator is pregnant women with neuropathic pain who did not use cannabidiol (CBD) or who used alternative treatments. Comparators include other pain management approaches commonly prescribed for neuropathic pain, such as acetaminophen, antidepressants (e.g., amitriptyline), or physical therapy. Additionally, studies with a non-exposed control group, including women with neuropathy who opted for no pain intervention during pregnancy, are included to examine differences in neonatal outcomes associated with CBD use.Inclusion Criteria for the comparator/control group include studies involving pregnant women with neuropathies similar to those in the intervention group but who used non-CBD treatments or no treatment at all. These groups will help isolate the effects of CBD on neonatal outcomes compared to standard care practices or absence of intervention.","Exclusion criteria include studies where participants used cannabis products containing THC or those unrelated to neuropathy. Studies without neonatal outcomes or focused only on maternal health, as well as non-human studies, will also be excluded. Exclusion Criteria involve studies where CBD was used for conditions unrelated to neuropathy, such as nausea or anxiety, or where other cannabis compounds (notably THC) were present, given THC's different psychoactive properties and potential fetal impact. Studies without detailed neonatal outcomes or lacking clear descriptions of CBD dosage and administration will also be excluded to ensure focused and relevant data on the intervention's safety and efficacy in this population. Exclusion Criteria include studies where comparators involve exposure to cannabis products containing THC, as its psychoactive properties may confound neonatal outcomes. Studies with control groups that differ substantially in underlying neuropathic conditions or pain management approaches not relevant to pregnancy will also be excluded to maintain comparability. Additionally, studies lacking clear descriptions of the comparator treatments or control conditions will be excluded to ensure valid comparisons with the CBD intervention group."
CRD42023380735,"1. What are the tools that have been validated for alcohol screening for problem drinking in older persons(over 65’s)
2. What is the accuracy for each of these alcohol screening tools for identifying problem drinking in older persons (over 65's)",Screening tools for problem drinking in older adults (over 65's).,
CRD42024526211,"(1) What factors are related to the development of burnout in student-athletes?
(2) How does burnout affect student-athletes?
(3) Is student burnout related to athlete burnout?
(4) Can this information be used to develop a transcontextual model of student-athlete burnout?",Burnout (student burnout and athlete burnout),
CRD420250656267,"What is the effect of Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation (tACS) in reducing hallucinations in patients with psychiatric disorders compared to other Non-invasive Brain Stimulations?
P - Patients with any psychiatric disorder experiencing hallucinations.
I - tACS
C - Other treatment as usual or any other modalities of Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation
O - Reduction in Hallucination",The psychotic symptom of ‘Hallucinations’ across various psychiatric disorder.,
CRD420251029828,"Review question: In patients hospitalized in intensive care units, what is the effectiveness of music in reducing neuropsychiatric symptoms compared to any other type of intervention?",Studies including patients over 18 years of age hospitalized in the ICU who are conscious or able to respond to questions. Music Therapy PICO tags selected: Usual Care; Placebo; Non-Pharmacological Interventions; Pharmacotherapy,"Studies including patients over 18 years of age with pre-existing mental health disorders prior to ICU admission, older adults with cognitive impairment, or neurocritical patients experiencing an acute episode."
CRD42025565969,"The relationship between loneliness and psychosis is highly complex. Though plenty of studies have substantiated a correlation between loneliness and psychosis, a thorough understanding of the interaction between mutually occurring and underlying variables has proven difficult to explicate. Previous systematic reviews in the area have highlighted challenges in terms of methodological heterogeneity in the literature, as well as the disparate foci of research examining the complex phenomenology of loneliness in people with psychosis. This review aims to provide an overarching framework to capture the breadth of studies examining the complex relationship between loneliness and psychosis. This review will take a meta-narrative approach in order to provide a comprehensive overview of research in the field, with the aim of synthesising the breadth of data available to develop a framework which captures the potential interplay between different variables, highlighting areas that require further study.",Psychosis and the experience of loneliness in people with psychosis,
CRD420250614684,- What are the mental health experiences of transgender/ gender diverse autistic individuals? - What are the risk factors that increase mental health difficulties for transgender/ gender diverse autistic individuals? - What are the protective factors which decrease mental health difficulties for transgender/ gender diverse autistic communities?,"Mental Health History The review is being completed as a part of the DClinPsy trainee project. The review will look to explore the mental health experiences of transgender individuals who are autistic (self-diagnosed or formally diagnosed). The empirical paper will look at the experiences of transgender/ gender diverse adults regarding their social communication and related emotional wellbeing. Research suggests that experiencing difficulties or differences with social communication can impact mental health and wellbeing. Therefore, a systematic review looking at the mental health experiences for transgender/ gender diverse autistic will helpfully shed light on the general mental health experiences of these communities, as well as providing insight into what the factors decrease and increase mental health problems for these communities. For this project, mental health will also be searched in conjunction with wellbeing, mental health disorders, social support. For this study we will be looking at risk factors that increase mental health difficulties for transgender/ gender diverse autistic individuals. We will also look at the protective factors which decrease mental health difficulties for transgender/ gender diverse autistic individuals. Further, in knowing the risk and protective factors, we are in better steed for recommending and exploring what more services can be doing to support these communities. -Participants identify as transgender or gender diverse - Participants identify as or are diagnosed as autistic - Children, teens, young adults, adults, older adults - Qualitative in methodology, or if mixed methods, reports qualitative results independent of quant results - Peer reviewed publications (The trainee can include current conference papers and unpublished papers as ""ongoing research"" for future reviews.) - Papers will be identified in all languages, only ones in English will be used Mental health experiences (see above) and factors which increase and decrease mental health difficulties for transgender autistic individuals. This could include, but is not limited to, emotional regulation, self-harm, behavioural difficulties etc.",- Papers which report only quantitative data.
CRD420250645699,"In adult patients diagnosed with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders, does the use of statins as adjunctive therapy, compared to conventional treatment, improve clinical symptoms?","Schizophrenia spectrum disorders are a group of mental health conditions characterized by disturbances in thought, perception, emotions and behavior, which includes schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, schizophreniform disorder, delusional disorder, and brief psychotic disorder. The symptoms are hallucinations, delusions, disorganized thinking, and impaired social functioning and the treatment typically involves antipsychotic medications and psychosocial support. Adults diagnosed either with schizophrenia, schizoaffective, schizophreniform disorder or psychotic disorder not otherwise specified. The use of statins (simvastatin or atorvastatin or rosuvastatin or pravastatin or lovastatin) plus an antipsychotic (clozapine or risperidone or olanzapine or quetiapine or aripripazole or ziprasidone or paliperidone or lurasidone or haloperidol or chlorpromazine). The intervention is compared to a control group in use of antipsychotics plus placebo or with treatment as usual (standard care typically provided in the treatment of individuals with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders).",
CRD42025642260,"1) What are the short and long term mental health impacts of dating violence on youth ?
2) How do sociocultural elements such as patriarchal norms family honor and societal expectations, contribute to the prevalence and manifestation of dating violence.
3) What gaps exist in the current literature on dating violence in India , and how can future research address these gaps to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the issue.","There are a number of definitions of Dating violence given from time to time by different researchers . Perhaps the most influential definition is provided by Sugarman & Hotaling (1989) defining dating violence as all words, gestures, or actions that involve threatening or using painful or harmful physical or psychological force against one's partner while in a relationship.Although definitions of dating violence abound, most scholars and organizations agree on a few core concepts. First, Physical force - Involves Beating, slapping, thrashing, scratches and the use of weapons tools. Second, Psychological/emotional force- It gives rise to actions like contempt, reprimanding, intimidation, embarrassment and social restrictions. Third, Sexual force - It is characterised as when one partner coerces the other into having sex or performing other sexual actions against the consent of their partner. However, in words of Joseph and Kuperminc (2020) dating violence includes intentional, persistent, and control-focused acts of hostility. Nowadays, dating violence is recognized as a serious public health issue that impairs the physical and mental well-being of those exposed to it.",
CRD420250645717,"What is the effectiveness of telehealth-based psychological support interventions in improving mental health outcomes (such as anxiety, depression, and quality of life) for pediatric oncology patients and their families?","Cancer Pain; Problematic Behavior In Children; Telehealth; Anxiety; Depression Pediatric oncology patients (0-18 years) and their families. Telehealth-based psychological support (e.g., family counseling, psychoeducation). Anxiety, depression, quality of life, caregiver burden, family functioning, patient/family satisfaction. Pediatric oncology patients (0-18 years) and their families. Telehealth; Family Support; Psychological Counseling Telehealth-based psychological support (e.g., family counseling, psychoeducation). PICO tags selected: Supportive care; Waiting list control Studies with comparison groups (e.g., in-person support, waitlist control, or no intervention).",Non-pediatric oncology populations In-person interventions or non-psychological interventions
CRD420251018266,"This review will identify the available community-based psychosocial interventions that support parents after a pregnancy loss or the death of a baby (up to 30 days old). To do so, this review will answer the following research questions:","Parents bereaved by a perinatal loss including miscarriage, termination of pregnancy due to fetal anomaly (TOPFA), stillbirth, and neonatal death (up to 1 month of life). As gestational age varies globally, there will be no restrictions on gestational age used in definitions. This review takes into account a broad definition of perinatal loss because definitions of perinatal loss vary globally, with the WHO defining it as stillbirths from 28 weeks and early neonatal deaths within the first seven days of life, while other systems, such as the ICD-11 and national guidelines, use gestational cut-offs ranging from 20 to 24 weeks (WHO,2006; Comfort et al., 2024) Psychosocial intervention 1.Psychological or social interventions related to grief management for perinatal loss. 2.Interventions implemented in the community (not limited to but including: Primary health care centers, home, school, churches, virtual, peer support)","Non-human participant study Abortions not related to foetal anomaly 1. Studies implemented in secondary and tertiary hospitals, specialist medical and research facilities 2. Interventions that are not psychological or social 3. Interventions that are not targetting psychological outcomes (including but not limited to anxiety, depression, grief, stress) and social outcomes (including but not limited to stigma, isolation, relationship difficulties) following perinatal loss."
CRD42019134461,Do facilitated arts psychotherapies improve the mental health of young people with long-term physical health conditions?,"Mental health and well-being in long-term paediatric physical health conditions, including, for example: rheumatological diseases, inflammatory and autoimmune conditions or cancer. Inclusion: children and adolescents (aged 18 years or under), with long-term physical health conditions, in inpatient or outpatient settings.Exclusion: children with mental health conditions (without physical health conditions), intellectual disability or neurodevelopmental conditions. Arts psychotherapies: defined as those aiming to improve health through creative expression (including e.g. drawing, model making, dance, photography, drama or music) and the establishment of a therapeutic relationship promoting communication and self-awareness. Interventions may be delivered one-to-one or in a group and as a single or series of sessions.Studies in which the primary aim is not to promote health (for example, those looking at passive arts interventions for distraction, with no involvement of a therapist, no establishment of a therapeutic relationship or interactive communication (e.g. just listening to music or painting/ drawing for pleasure, or for relaxation or to become more skilled)) will be excluded. PICO tags selected: Usual Care",
CRD420250656549,"""In patients with diabetes, how do diabetic foot ulcers affect quality of life as measured by the SF-36 compared to diabetic patients without foot ulcers and healthy patients?","Diabetic Foot Ulcer Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are a common and severe complication of diabetes, primarily resulting from neuropathy and poor peripheral circulation. These ulcers significantly increase the risk of infections, leading to prolonged hospital stays and even lower limb amputations. DFUs not only affect physical health through pain, limited mobility, and risk of amputation but also influence mental and emotional well-being. Assessing Qulaity of Life (QoL) can reveal how these ulcers disrupt daily activities, social interactions, and overall life satisfaction. Adults (over 18 years old) diagnosed by a physician with diabetes type I or II and foot ulcers. NA The review compares the quality of life of patients recently diagnosed with DFU to patients living with DFU since a longer period of time.",
CRD420250610639,"Does Vitamin E supplementation reduce biomarkers of oxidative stress (such as malondialdehyde [MDA], glutathione [GSH], superoxide dismutase [SOD], and catalase [CAT]) in patients with schizophrenia compared to placebo or standard care?","Schizophrenia; Vitamin E; Placebo Adults diagnosed with schizophrenia or other chronic mental illnesses (such as schizoaffective disorder or bipolar disorder), according to any recognized diagnostic criteria. Individuals who have developed antipsychotic-induced tardive dyskinesia (TD), with TD defined as persistent, involuntary movements (typically of the face, mouth, trunk, or limbs) that arise during or after long-term neuroleptic (antipsychotic) treatment.  Participants must be currently receiving antipsychotic medication or have developed TD following antipsychotic exposure.  No restrictions on gender, ethnicity, or nationality Vitamin E The intervention of interest is Vitamin E supplementation, administered alone or in combination with other antioxidants (e.g., Vitamin C) or nutrients, as an adjunct to standard antipsychotic treatment in patients with schizophrenia or related chronic mental illnesses. Dosage and duration of Vitamin E supplementation may vary across studies but typically range from moderate to high doses (e.g., 300 IU to 600 IU daily) and treatment durations from several weeks to months.  Studies must include participants who are currently receiving antipsychotic medication and have developed or are at risk of developing antipsychotic-induced tardive dyskinesia (TD) or other movement disorders related to oxidative stress.  Both randomized controlled trials and controlled clinical trials comparing Vitamin E supplementation to placebo, no intervention, or other treatments are eligible.  Studies examining the effect of Vitamin E on biomarkers of oxidative stress (such as malondialdehyde, glutathione, superoxide dismutase) as well as clinical outcomes related to TD are included. PICO tags selected: Placebo The comparator(s) inclusion criteria for the review are as follows: Studies must include a placebo control group or a no-intervention group against which Vitamin E supplementation is compared. This allows assessment of Vitamin E's efficacy relative to no active treatment.  Comparators may also include standard care or usual treatment without Vitamin E, provided the control group does not receive any antioxidant supplementation that could confound results.  Studies comparing Vitamin E to other active treatments (e.g., other antioxidants, pharmacologic agents for tardive dyskinesia) may be included if the effects of Vitamin E can be isolated or if such comparisons are analyzed separately.  Trials without a comparator or control group (e.g., uncontrolled case series) will be excluded to ensure the reliability of effect estimates.  The comparator groups should be matched in terms of baseline characteristics and antipsychotic treatment to minimize bias.","Individuals without a diagnosis of schizophrenia or another chronic mental illness. Patients who have not developed antipsychotic-induced TD (i.e., those without clinical evidence of TD as defined by standardized criteria such as the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale).  Studies involving only animal or in vitro models.  Patients with movement disorders not attributable to antipsychotic medication (e.g., Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease).  Case reports, case series with fewer than three participants, and studies without a control or comparator group Studies where Vitamin E is combined with other supplements (e.g., omega-3 fatty acids, Vitamin C) without separate analysis of Vitamin E's effects may be excluded, unless the effect of Vitamin E alone can be clearly distinguished. Studies administering Vitamin E at doses or in contexts shown to potentially worsen psychotic symptoms, particularly in acute episodes or in patients with low polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) levels, may be excluded or analyzed separately due to possible adverse effects.  Interventions that do not clearly specify Vitamin E supplementation as a distinct treatment component or do not report outcomes related to tardive dyskinesia, extrapyramidal symptoms, or oxidative stress biomarkers should be excluded.  Studies focusing solely on Vitamin E for conditions unrelated to antipsychotic-induced movement disorders or schizophrenia will be excluded.  Non-controlled studies, such as case reports or uncontrolled case series, where the effect of Vitamin E cannot be reliably assessed, will be excluded.  Studies involving populations other than adults with schizophrenia or related chronic mental illnesses (e.g., children, healthy volunteers) will be excluded.  Studies where Vitamin E is used in acute psychotic episodes without stable antipsychotic treatment may be excluded due to evidence suggesting possible worsening of symptoms in this context. Studies without a control or comparator group, such as uncontrolled case series or case reports, will be excluded to ensure reliable assessment of Vitamin E's effect. Comparators that include other antioxidant supplements combined with Vitamin E, where the effect of Vitamin E alone cannot be isolated, will be excluded unless separate analysis is possible.  Studies comparing Vitamin E to active treatments known to have confounding antioxidant or psychotropic effects without clear distinction of Vitamin E's specific impact may be excluded.  Comparators involving acute psychotic episode treatments without stable antipsychotic therapy may be excluded due to potential confounding effects on outcomes.  Studies where the comparator group receives no standard care or inappropriate controls that do not reflect usual clinical practice may be excluded to maintain relevance and validity."
CRD42024550032,"1. What is the prevalence of mental health disorders among school-aged children living in Regional, Rural and Remote (RRR) Australia?
2. Are there differences in rates of mental health disorders according to geographical location in Australia, particularly between children living in metropolitan Australia compared to those living in RRR Australia?
3. Are there any differences in rates of child mental health disorders by gender and age group within RRR areas?",Mental health disorders in children and adolescents,
CRD420250653288,What is the effect of probiotic administration on rodent models of Multiple Sclerosis?,"Multiple sclerosis (MS) Our review will consider mice or rat models with multiple sclerosis. In this systematic review, we will examine the effect of probiotic administration in rodent models of multiple sclerosis. Different strains, doses, and duration will be considered in this review. Control intervention groups will include standard care and placebo groups, with PBS or saline serving as the control; if these groups are absent from the study, the untreated group will be considered as the control.","1. Animal models other than those for multiple sclerosis.
2. Animal species other than mice or rats.
3. Studies that are exclusively in vitro, ex vivo, in silico, or conducted on humans. Exclusion criteria: All interventions except for probiotics are excluded. Any groups not specified in the inclusion criteria"
CRD42022363592,"The goal of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to synthesize empirical research on the link between minority stress exposure and emotion regulation processes, including strategies and abilities. We hope to address the following questions:
1. What emotion regulation strategies and abilities have been examined by the current sexual and gender minority (SGM) minority stress literature?
2. What is the magnitude of the association between minority stress exposure and use of emotion regulation strategies (e.g., mindfulness) among SGM individuals?
3. What is the magnitude of the association between minority stress exposure and emotion regulation abilities (e.g., emotional clarity) among SGM individuals?
a. If sufficient literature exists, what is the relationship between emotion regulation flexibility and minority stress?
4. Is the link between minority stress and emotion regulation moderated by type of minority stress (e.g., proximal vs. distal)?
5. Is the link between minority stress and emotion regulation moderated by key factors, which will include:
a. Mean Age
b. Sexual Orientation Sub-group (e.g., gay/lesbian, bi+, questioning)
c. Gender Identity Sub-group (e.g., binary trans, non-binary, cisgender)
d. Racial / Ethnic Minority Subgroup (e.g., Black or African American, Asian and Pacific Islander, white)
e. Year of publication
f. Other types of minority stress as identified during the literature review process","This review focuses on minority stress, i.e., forms of stress that relate directly to one’s sexual and/or gender minority status. Minority stress can be conceptualized as distal (e.g., structural inequities) and proximal (e.g., internalized stigma). Emotion regulation processes refer to both strategies and abilities pertaining to one’s ability to maintain, identify, and control emotional states. Emotion regulation processes are thought to be fruitful treatment targets to address the vast mental health disparities faced by SGM individuals.",
CRD420250614649,"Question: How and why are Single Case Experimental Designs (SCEDs), utilizing Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA), used persons with a psychiatric diagnosis and what are the outcomes of these studies?","Persons with a DSM-V psychiatric diagnosis (transdiagnostic) Inclusion: Persons diagnosed with a psychiatric diagnosis as included within the DSM-V. Clinically assessed and/or with a diagnostic instrument/ questionnaire. Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) or comparable (including: ""Ecological Momentary Assessment"", ""ecological momentary assessment*"", ""ESM"", ""experience sampling*"", ""ecological momentary intervention*"", ""EMA"", ""event-contingent recording*"", ""self-monitoring*"", ""internet-based monitoring"", ""ambulatory assessment"", ""intensive repeated measure*"", ""dynamic assessment*"", ""smartphone-based monitoring*"", ""daily assessment*"", ""Interrupted Time Serie*, ""interrupted time serie*"", ""daily diar*"", ""diary record*"", ""passive sensing"", ""active sensing*"", ""sensor data"", ""electronic diar*"") that is used to identify or record changes that might be attributable to psychiatric treatment or other situations.","Persons without a psychiatric diagnosis Interventions without incorporation of a clinician who (a) assessed and/or manages, (b) prevents, (c) monitors, or (d) measures study participants and interventions that do not take place in a mental health care setting, will be excluded."
CRD42023410525,"How has the COVID-19 pandemic impacted the mental wellbeing and related physical health of Indigenous youth throughout Canada and USA based on geographic location, age, protective and risk factors?
The objectives are to (1) explore the different mental wellbeing and related physical health impacts; (2) identify moderators, such as location and age as they relate to mental wellbeing impacts and; (3) discuss protective and risk factors.","Mental health and wellbeing (e.g., depression, anxiety, loneliness, fear, mental illnesses/disorders, phobias, isolation, withdrawal, sadness, mood, emotions, stress, trauma, wellness, behavior problems, PTSD, OCD, suicidality, quality of life) and/or physical health and wellness and/or resiliency/protective factors/risk factors. Physical health and wellness will be focused on physical symptoms often comorbid with mental health (e.g., sleep, insomnia, weight gain/loss, self-harm, non-suicidal self-injury, suicide attempts, disordered eating, low energy, headaches, chronic pain, body pain/aches, functional abdominal pain).",
CRD420250627222,Objectives or Questions of the Review:,"Temperamental; Epigenome level; Temperament Testing This systematic review focuses on the emerging field of morphogenetic temperaments, which integrates psychoneuroimmunoendocrinology (PNIE) and epigenetics to propose a novel typology of human temperament. The study explores how psychological, neurological, immunological, and endocrine systems interact to shape individual differences in temperament. The review examines the biological underpinnings of temperament, including genetic factors, epigenetic mechanisms, and the interplay between environmental influences and physiological responses. It investigates how these complex interactions contribute to the development and expression of temperamental traits.  By incorporating recent advances in PNIE and epigenetics, this study aims to provide a more comprehensive understanding of temperament than traditional models. It explores how early life experiences, stress responses, and environmental factors can influence gene expression and neural pathways, ultimately shaping an individual's temperamental profile.  The review also considers the potential clinical implications of this integrated approach, including its relevance to personalized medicine, mental health interventions, and the prevention and treatment of stress-related disorders. ""The population included in this systematic review will consist of human participants of any age and gender. Studies must focus on individuals assessed for temperamental traits or typologies, particularly those related to morphogenetic temperaments. Participants must be evaluated within the context of psychoneuroimmunoendocrine systems and/or epigenetic mechanisms. No restrictions will be applied regarding ethnicity, socioeconomic status, or geographic location."" Environmental Intervention; Psychosocial intervention; Investigations This systematic review will include studies that examine: Epigenetic mechanisms related to temperament, such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs.  Gene-environment interactions influencing temperamental traits.  Psychoneuroimmunological interventions or assessments that explore the relationship between temperament and immune function.  Methods for evaluating and classifying morphogenetic temperaments.  Neurodevelopmental interventions or exposures that may impact temperament formation.  Environmental factors (e.g., early life stress, parenting styles, socioeconomic conditions) that potentially influence temperament through epigenetic or psychoneuroimmunoendocrine pathways.  Stress response assessments in relation to temperamental characteristics.  Longitudinal studies tracking the development and stability of temperamental traits over time.  Interventions or exposures that specifically target or affect psychoneuroimmunoendocrine systems in relation to temperament. PICO tags selected: Institutional Environmental Intervention; Temperament Testing; Psychostimulant Additional Information on Comparator Inclusion Criteria: This systematic review will include studies that: Define biologically relevant comparators:  Traditional temperament models (e.g., Cloninger or Eysenck classifications).  Baseline psychoneuroimmunoendocrine states (e.g., resting hormonal levels).  Environmental conditions unexposed to epigenetic factors (e.g., control groups without psychosocial stress).  Prioritize conceptually aligned comparators:  Studies contrasting morphogenetic temperaments with non-epigenetic typologies.  Comparisons between specific epigenetic mechanisms (e.g., DNA methylation vs. histone modifications).  Exclude irrelevant comparators:  Pharmacological/behavioral interventions unrelated to psychoneuroimmunoendocrine systems.  Studies comparing temperaments with unrelated variables (e.g., cognitive performance).  Rationale from Search Results Precision: Aligns with PRISMA guidelines ([Result 3], [Result 4]) requiring explicit comparator definitions.  Bias Reduction: Excludes mismatched comparisons ([Result 1], [Result 5]).  Reproducibility: Follows JBI recommendations ([Result 5]) for systematic reviews in interdisciplinary fields.  Handling Non-Comparative Studies For studies without direct comparators (e.g., observational correlations), baseline biological or environmental measurements will serve as implicit comparators","""The exclusion criteria for the population in this systematic review include studies conducted on animals, participants with severe or chronic medical conditions that could significantly impact psychoneuroimmunoendocrine systems, and non-human populations. Studies that do not directly assess morphogenetic temperaments or lack data related to epigenetic mechanisms or psychoneuroimmunoendocrine systems will also be excluded."" Exclusion criteria for interventions or exposures: This systematic review will exclude studies that: Lack biological mechanisms: Interventions/exposures not explicitly tied to psychoneuroimmunoendocrine systems (PNIE) or epigenetic mechanisms.  Use non-relevant interventions: Pharmacological treatments, surgical procedures, or behavioral therapies unrelated to temperament modulation via PNIE/epigenetic pathways.  Combine confounding factors: Interventions with mixed exposures (e.g., drug therapy + psychotherapy) where effects cannot be isolated.  Focus on acute conditions: Studies examining short-term physiological responses (e.g., acute stress tests) without longitudinal temperament assessment.  Employ non-standardized assessments: Interventions using unvalidated tools for measuring temperament or epigenetic changes.  Target non-relevant outcomes: Exposures aimed at non-temperament outcomes (e.g., cognitive performance, physical health metrics).  Include indirect mechanisms: Studies exploring general stress responses or immune function without linking to temperament typologies.  Rationale Based on Search Results: Specificity: Aligns with Cochrane guidelines () requiring interventions to match predefined biological pathways (PNIE/epigenetics).  Confounding: Follows examples from where combined interventions are excluded to isolate effects.  Methodological rigor: Excludes non-standard tools to ensure reproducibility ().  Scope: Focuses on chronic/exposure-based mechanisms per inclusión criteria This systematic review will exclude comparators that: Are not related to temperament or psychoneuroimmunoendocrine systems  Involve pharmacological interventions unrelated to epigenetic mechanisms  Compare temperaments with non-relevant psychological or physiological traits  Use non-standardized or unvalidated assessment tools for temperament or epigenetic markers  Focus solely on pathological conditions without considering normal temperament variations  Involve animal models without clear translational relevance to human temperament  Compare temperaments across significantly different age groups without accounting for developmental stages"
CRD42020188306,"Do Migraineurs have disturbed autonomic functioning as measured by blood pressure and heart rate variability when compared to healthy controls?
Do migraineurs have disturbed endocrinological function as measured by cortisol and the sex hormones; estrogen, progesterone and testosterone, compared to healthy controls?","Migraine Disorders, Autonomic and Endocrinological functioning withing migraineurs as compared to healthy controls.",
CRD420250656441,"The question guiding the review is: What is the relationship between urban living environment (indicators, combinations, patterns) and mental health? The primary objectives of the systematic review are as follows:1. To identify and synthesis evidence and assess whether significant relationship exist between urban living environments and mental health and summarise the potential mechanisms (i.e. mediators and moderators) explaining the relationship.2. To assess the combined effects of natural, built, and social environmental factors, identifying patterns or combinations of these indicators that drive relationships with mental health.3. To statistically quantified the strength of evidence for relationship between urban living environments and mental health using meta-analysis that accounted for the sample size and methodological quality of the studies.","Mental disorder; Environmental Exposure Inclusion: general population lives in urban areas, which is not limited by age, gender, occupation, or other demographic characteristics, aside from the type of residential area (urban/rural)The definition of ""urban areas"" in this review: The review adopts a broad definition of 'urban', including cities, towns, and wider conurbations when discussing general urban issues.""Urban"" will not only be measured by population density but also as a ""social"" entity where individuals are considered urban residents not simply by the location of their residential address but also by the majority of their interaction with the urban areas. Inclusion: We represent the urban living environment by combining physical environment (either natural or built environments) with social environment in urban areas, to include the components of physical space and the significant role of social interactions in shaping the living environment.Studies that involve at least two exposure factors, which must be indicators of urban living environment and include both physical (natural or built) and social environment indicators, will be included.Studies that combine different physical and social environment indicators to calculate a composite index (such as an urban living environment index) or measure perceptions of overall urban living environment will also be included.The specific environmental indicators are as follows:1. Natural environment: green spaces, blue spaces, ambient air pollution, noise pollution, and heat.2. Built environment: transportation systems, land use patterns and design features, and housing.3. Social environment: community socioeconomic status, social deprivation, violence/crime/safety, social capital, and social support.","Exclusion: general population lives in rural areas; studies based on regional or national samples that did not analyse participants classified as urban residents separately Exclusion: Studies will be excluded if the exposure factors only include physical environment indicators or only social environment indicators, are not quantified, or are not considered as separate predictors of mental health (like confounding factors)."
CRD42020210128,"• What are the risk predictors of PTSI among first responders during COVID-19 pandemic?
• What is the impact COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health (PTSI) of first responders?
• Which interventions are more effective in reducing the prevalence of PTSI in the first responders?","Nowadays, COVID-19 pandemics pose unique challenges to first responders, especially healthcare/ emergency services personnel. Post-traumatic stress injuries (PTSI) is considered common adverse psychological reactions among first responders (Firefighters, Police officers, Forest fire inspectors, Ambulance drivers and Paramedics). This disorder is characterized by the emergence of four symptom clusters following trauma exposure, including intrusive thoughts, avoidance of triggers, numbing or negative emotions/mood, and hyperarousal.",
CRD420250640888,"The overall review question is: What characterizes interventions in the existing literature that seek to provide family engagement in Forensic Mental Healthcare Settings.The qualitative conzeptualization model PICo will be applied to define the elements within the review question:The Population (P) defines as adult family members to service users aged 18 and above, who receive forensic mental healthcare, the Phenomenon of Interest (I) defines as interventions seeking to provide family engagement and the Context (Co) defines as forensic mental healthcare settings.","Family intervention Healthcare domaine, Forensic mental healthcare. Adult family members (aged 18 and above) to service users, who are cared for in forensic mental healthcare settings. Interventions seeking to provide family engagement to service useres aged 18 and above, who are cared for in forensic mental healthcare settings.",
CRD42024578464,Is there evidence on the nutritional outcomes of infants born to mothers with mental illness compared to those born to mothers without mental illness?,"The domain being studied -Nutritional status in infants who are born to mothers with mental illness.
Infants born to mothers with mental illness face high risks of nutritional status abnormality, which can have lifelong developmental consequences. Maternal mental health directly affects feeding practices and infant care, leading to nutritional abnormalities such as stunting, wasting, and underweight. Anthropometric measures (e.g., height-for-age, weight-for-age, weight-for-height, and mid upper arm circumference ) are crucial for assessing infant nutritional status as per WHO(World Health Organization)
Existing research has explored the relationship between maternal mental illness and infant nutrition in very few studies, often lacking comprehensive analysis. Hence our systematic review aims to bridge this gap by conducting a robust evaluation of the nutritional status outcomes in infants born to mothers with mental illness, using anthropometric measures. Hence our study will help to develop interventions for this vulnerable population.",
CRD42023483085,What are the experiences of service users who participate in prison-based democratic therapeutic communities?,"Therapeutic Communities (TCs) have evolved and adapted to meet population needs, including the most serious and complex offenders residing in prisons (Rawlings & Haigh, 2017). Prison based Democratic Therapeutic Communities (DTCs) are recognised as part of the UK’s Offender Personality Disorder (OPD) pathway programme, aiming to enhance the psychological health of complex offenders, as outlined in the OPD Strategy (2015). The Royal College of Psychiatrists Community of Communities (CofC) (RCP, 2023) documents all prison DTCs and specialised LD TC’s (known as TC+) that exist and are accredited within the UK: HMP Dovegate, Gartree TC, HMP Grendon, HMP Send (for women) and the Warren Hill TC. Pitt (2021) produced the first known qualitative synthesis of service user experiences of DTCs, comparing community DTCs and prison-based DTCs for people with personality disorders. However, this review only captured service users’ experiences of the TC environment and how the operational set up of the TC and activities and subsequently facilitated engagement and connection with members within both prison and community TC settings. A qualitative synthesis relating to exploring service user’s experiences of treatment, including perceived barriers and facilitators in prison-based DTCs, may further contextualise, inform and improve current practices (Seers, 2015).",
CRD420250655267,"How do parents of children with an intellectual disability experience and navigate their child's transition to adulthood across healthcare, education and social domains?","Intellectual Disability Intellectual Disability. Parents experience of child with ID transition to adulthood. Inclusion: Parents or primary caregivers of individuals with an intellectual disability. Individuals with an intellectual disability will be aged 16 to 40 years of age. Will include individuals if past the age of 40, if speaking about issues related to transition to adulthood.Intellectual disability is being categorised to include disorders where there is significant reduced ability to understand new or complex information, to learn new skills, with a reduced ability to cope independently, which started before adulthood. Which will include, Intellectual Disability, Down Syndrome, Rett Syndrome, Fragile X, Chromosome Syndrome, Angelman Syndrome. Qualitative Study:The transition to adulthood for individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID) is a complex and multifaceted process that extends beyond a single domain, such as healthcare or education. Unlike individuals without an ID, those with ID often experience delayed or prolonged transitions, requiring ongoing parental involvement in decision-making, service navigation, and caregiving responsibilities well into adulthood. Parents play a crucial role in facilitating this transition, yet their experiences and challenges are often overlooked in research and policy discussions.The focus of this review will be on exploring and understanding the parental experiences of individuals with an intellectual disability as they transition to adulthood. This will be parental experiences across multiple transition areas, including healthcare, education, employment and changing parental roles.",Exclusion: - Studies focusing on Intellectual disability with no parental perspective. - Studies where focus is on developmental or neurodevelopmental disorders or mental health conditions. - Studies of young child or adult children past the point of transition.
CRD42020188823,The aim of this meta-analysis which includes several randomized controlled trials is to evaluate the effect of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) on sleep.,"Sleep disorder is a major public health problem at home and aboard. It is always strongly associated with other somatic and mental health problems as well as with an increased mortality rate. Transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCS), which is a safe, convenient, and low-cost technology, has been confirmed by several studies to improve sleep problems.",
CRD42024506249,"The relationship between values and subjective well-being is an important topic in psychological research. Over the past few decades, psychologists have conducted extensive research on people’s subjective well-being and identified many factors influencing well-being, with values considered an important influence. The relationship between self-concept and well-being has been widely explored in social psychology. The relationship between self-enhancing values and subjective well-being has attracted scholarly attention. Some studies have found individuals with self-enhancing values are more likely to feel satisfied and happy because they focus on personal achievement and self-fulfillment and are sensitive to feelings of success and accomplishment, positively predicting subjective well-being. However, excessive pursuit of self-enhancement can lead to anxiety, stress, and dissatisfaction, negatively impacting well-being. Age and gender also significantly moderate this relationship. So what is the exact relationship between self-enhancing values and subjective well-being? In what scenarios do self-enhancing values promote or diminish well-being? To address this practical issue, the present study adopts a meta-analytic approach to explore the relationship between self-enhancing values and subjective well-being through systematic quantitative analysis of existing studies. The aim is to provide new perspectives and methods for well-being intervention and enhancement, greatly benefiting people’s well-being and psychological health.","The relationship between self-concept and well-being has been widely explored in social psychology, with scholarly attention recently turning to the link between self-enhancing values and subjective well-being. Self-enhancement values represent individuals' motivation to enhance their personal interests, emphasizing pursuit of wealth, prestige, and dominance, including both power and achievement. Current research on this relationship can be broadly categorized into three groups: on one hand, some studies suggest self-enhancing values can contribute to individuals' subjective well-being as belief in one's competence and worthiness leads to self-confidence and contentment, enhancing well-being. On the other hand, excessive self-enhancing values may also lead to anxiety, stress, and dissatisfaction, reducing subjective well-being. In addition, other studies find pursuit of power and achievement values may not relate to subjective well-being. So what exactly is the relationship? In what scenarios does it actually promote or diminish well-being? To address this practical issue, this study adopts a meta-analytic approach to explore the relationship through systematic quantitative analysis of existing studies, aiming to better understand individual well-being formation mechanisms and provide theoretical and practical guidance for enhancing well-being.",
CRD42020218644,"In post-stroke patients, does neurologic music therapy result in improved outcomes of mental health (depression, anxiety, sleep, behaviours) as well as cognitive function, speech or motor movement and is this reflected by physiological measures such as cardiovascular health. comparators = music listening or other non-music related therapy tasks, outcomes = speech, cognition, motor skills, behaviours, sleep, depression, anxiety, physiological biomarkers, cortisol, BDNF",Stroke and rehabilitation outcomes,
CRD420250650450,1. What is the effectiveness of SSCM for the treatment of clinical eating disorders?,"Psychotherapy; Eating Disorder The use of Specialist Supportive Clinical Management (SSCM) as a psychological therapy for patients diagnosed with an eating disorder. This may be as part of a recovery focussed intervention (such as with the aim of weight restoration or symptom reduction) or a harm minimisation strategy (which may have less of a focus on weight restoration and an emphasis instead on quality of life). Participants will have a diagnosis of an eating disorder (such as Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa and atypical variations), based on standardised diagnostic criteria (DSM or ICD). Participants that have co-morbid psychiatric diagnoses will be included as long as they have a concurrent diagnosis of an eating disorder in it’s own right (rather than disordered eating occurring as a symptom of another disorder).Due to the need to understand the effectiveness of SSCM at a clinical and diagnostic level given the nature of commissioning structures in Eating Disorder Services in the UK and beyond, studies which include participants who self identify as having an eating disorder, or who are subclinical will not be included. Included participants will have undergone manualised SSCM therapy as a psychological intervention for their diagnosed eating disorder within any mental health setting (such as outpatient, inpatient, day patient), and in any format (group or individual therapy, remote or face to face). Whilst it is anticipated that this review will focus mainly on the care of adults (due to the current evidence base and subsequent treatment guidelines), studies including samples of either adults and/or children or adolescents will be included if deemed relevant. Identified studies will involve SSCM being delivered by a mental health professional to individuals diagnosed with an eating disorder as an evidence-based and manual lead psychological therapy (see McIntosh et al., 2005). This may be part of a recovery or harm minimisation pathway.Studies will be excluded if there is no evidence that the intervention being delivered is true to the SSCM model. Studies where SSCM is being delivered will be scrutinised for evidence that they are adhering to the therapy manual (with reference to original trial by McIntosh et al., 2005) and are receiving SSCM specific supervision. All delivery methods will be considered, such as group or individual, remote or on a face to face basis. There will be no exclusion based on number of sessions attended. Included studies may or may not have an active control (such as another therapy, treatment as usual, waiting list etc). All studies investigating outcomes or experiences of SSCM will be included even if non-controlled or non-randomised with no comparison condition.","Studies that explore the treatment of eating disorders utilising other methods (such as other therapies, non-psychological approaches or pharmacology) and do not include SSCM as a comparator will be excluded."
CRD42025646385,"How does physical exercise (including Yoga, High intensity interval training, Aerobic Training?Resistance
Training, Behavioral weight loss ) and Cognitive behavioral therapy intervention treat adults with binge eating disorder? And the comparison of these two therapeutic effects.","Efficacy of physical exercise and cognitive behavioral therapy on depressive symptoms, binge eating frequency, and body composition in adults with binge eating disorder.",
CRD42014015452,"To conduct a quantitative systematic evidence synthesis to identify those models of self-care support for children and young people that are associated with reductions in health services utilisation and cost, without compromising health outcomes.",Long term conditions in children and young people.,
CRD42024623631,"While the risks of polypharmacy in elderly populations are well-documented globally, there is a lack of research specifically characterizing these risks within the context of China's unique healthcare system and demographic characteristics. Furthermore, the influence of seasonal variations and gender differences on drug combination patterns among elderly Chinese patients remains largely unexplored. Existing studies predominantly focus on Western populations, leaving a significant gap in understanding the specific needs and challenges faced by the elderly in China.The aim of this research is to systematically evaluate the prevalence and associated risks of common drug combinations among elderly patients in Central China, with a particular focus on identifying high-frequency risk combinations, and to analyze the impact of seasonality and gender on these patterns. Through this analysis, the study aims to provide an evidence-based basis for developing tailored medication management strategies that address the unique needs of this population, ultimately improving the safety and effectiveness of pharmacotherapy for elderly patients in Central China.","Polypharmacy, the concurrent use of multiple medications, is increasingly prevalent among elderly patients, particularly those with multiple chronic conditions. This phenomenon is driven by the aging global population and the rising prevalence of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and mental health disorders. In China, the prevalence of polypharmacy among older adults is substantial, mirroring global trends. While often necessary to manage complex health needs, polypharmacy significantly increases the risk of drug-drug interactions, adverse drug events (ADEs), and medication non-adherence, leading to negative health outcomes, including increased hospitalizations, reduced quality of life, and higher mortality rates. Current research on polypharmacy has primarily focused on Western populations. There is a notable gap in understanding the specific patterns, risks, and contributing factors associated with polypharmacy in the Chinese elderly population, especially considering the unique aspects of China's healthcare system and traditional medicine practices. Furthermore, the impact of seasonality and gender differences on polypharmacy patterns in this population remains largely unexplored. Addressing this gap is crucial for developing targeted interventions and improving medication safety for elderly patients in China.",
CRD420250655105,"The review question focuses on the prevalence of consumption of Cannabidiol (CBD) among both clinical and non-clinical samples, as well as which variables are associated with higher prevalence.For this purpose, those peer-reviewed articles reporting CBD prevalence rates were included, regardless country and age group.",Cannabidiol; Prevalence; Abuse The review will be focused on Cannabidiol (CBD) use in different countries and age groups. All population will be included.Exclusion criteria: NA NA,
CRD42024520440,What are school nurses’ experiences of mental health promotion among young people in school and student health care?,The phenomena of interest is the nurses' experiences of mental health promotion among young people. Public health nurses in school and student health care context. Experiences of mental health promotion among young people Not applicable.,
CRD42023470954,"To estimate the prevalence of sexual dysfunctional in Medical Staff.
To estimate the related factors of sexual dysfunctional in medical staff","The condition being studied in this systematic review is sexual dysfunction in medical staff. Sexual dysfunction is a broad term that encompasses any problems with sexual desire, arousal, orgasm, or satisfaction. Sexual dysfunction can affect both men and women, and can have various causes, such as physical, psychological, interpersonal, or environmental factors. Sexual dysfunction can have a negative impact on the quality of life, well-being, and mental health of individuals and their partners.
Medical staff are a group of health care workers who provide medical services to patients, such as doctors, nurses, pharmacists, dentists, etc. Medical staff are exposed to high levels of stress, workload, burnout, and trauma in their work environment, which can affect their sexual functioning and activity. Medical staff may also face barriers to seeking help for their sexual problems, such as stigma, lack of time, or lack of resources. Therefore, it is important to study the prevalence of sexual dysfunction in medical staff and identify the risk factors and interventions that can improve their sexual health.",
CRD420251015932,"The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to evaluate the effects of intermittent exercise interventions at varying intensities on physical and mental health outcomes in sedentary populations. Specifically, the review aims to synthesize evidence from randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies to:","Inclusion: Adults and adolescents (≥18 years) from any population group who engage in prolonged sedentary behavior, defined as sitting for ≥6 hours per day or classified as sedentary using validated tools (e.g., the International Physical Activity Questionnaire). Participants may be healthy or at risk of sedentary-related health conditions. Studies conducted in workplace, school, home, or community settings will be included. Exclusion: Children (<18 years), individuals with severe physical or medical limitations that prevent participation in physical activity (e.g., advanced cardiovascular disease, mobility impairments), and populations with conditions requiring specialized interventions not related to sedentary behavior. Studies without clear classification of sedentary behavior will also be excluded. Exercise; Physical activity; Exercise therapy The intervention examined in this review is exercise, defined as short bouts of low- to moderate-intensity physical activity (e.g., walking, stretching, bodyweight exercises) aimed at breaking up prolonged sedentary time. Eligible studies must assess interventions that explicitly disrupt sedentary behavior multiple times throughout the day. Comparators may include sedentary control conditions, health education, or traditional continuous exercise. Studies that focus solely on continuous exercise without sedentary interruptions, lack clear intervention details (e.g., frequency, duration, or intensity), or combine fragmented exercise with other interventions without separately analyzing its effects will be excluded. PICO tags selected: Behavioral Therapy; Non-Pharmacological Interventions; Education",
CRD42025635861,What are the most effective strategies to prevent mental health disorders and promote mental well-being in military personnel?,Mental health disorders,
CRD42024585707,"In order to clarify the overall prevalence of mental health problems in Chinese raw recruits and further analyze its influencing factors, a meta-analysis will be conducted on relevant studies retrieved from 2000 to 2024.","Chinese raw recruits, mental health",
CRD420250641344,What is the impact of migraine on workplace productivity and the cost of lost productivity in relation to developing and developed countries?,"Migraine patients experience migraine symptoms such as headache, nausea, vomiting and aura that occur in attacks. This situation affects their daily living activities, psychological state, and work life. The researchers will work on migraine patients in this review.Inclusion criteria1) studies investigating migraine2) clinical trials, observational studies (cross-sectional, cohort studies), case series3) studies investigating workplace burden, disability, quality of life or work productivity.Exclusion criteria:1) animal studies2) studies investigating people under 18 years of age3) abstracts, case-reports or series, letters to the editor, review articles, conference proceedings or articles published in non-peer-reviewed journals, theses, dissertations4) headaches other than migraine Migraine is considered by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a neurological disease that causes serious burden on individuals and the health system. Migraines can affect people's ability to work through decreased productivity. Individuals continue to work despite the debilitating symptoms that may arise due to the obligations of the system, which varies from country to country. Loss of productivity due to headaches can impact people's careers, finances, relationships, and mental health. It causes economic losses to businesses and society.Study inclusion criteria:1) studies investigating migration2) clinical trials, observational studies (cross-sectional, cohort studies), case series3) studies investigating workplace burden, disability, quality of life or work productivity.Exclusion criteria of the study:1) animal studies2) studies investigating people under 18 years of age3) abstracts, case-reports or series, letters to the editor, review articles, conference proceedings or articles published in non-peer-reviewed journals, theses, dissertations4) headaches other than migraine Not applicable",
CRD420250620512,"Population - older adults (age over 65) worldwide.Exposure - a range of ambient temperatureComparison - Comparisons between places or time periods at relatively lower or higher temperaturesOutcome - cognitive function (based on any validated measure of cognition)Study Design - Population / Cohort studies, case-control and randomised control trials.","Congitive function in older adults across different domains assessed using formal congitive assessment. Including memory, language and visuospacial and executive function. Older adults, ages >= 65. If the majority or patients within the study are over our target age the studies will also be included. Participant with other health conditions (where specified) including dementia/other cognitive disorders with be included. Ambient temperature. Including studies using weather data, directly measured outdoor and indoor temperature. Not including studies only looking at body temperatres or studies looking at subjective temperature / thermal comfort. Comparison expected to be largely within the same population (comparing cognition / outcomes at different times/ in different temperature conditions) or between populations (comparing outcomes between populations in different climates).",
CRD42024612300,What is the prevalence of burnout among healthcare workers in India?,"Burnout syndrome; Healthcare Professional ; Mental state; Prevalence Burnout syndrome among healthcare workers, characterized by:Emotional exhaustionDepersonalizationReduced personal accomplishment Inclusion:Healthcare workers in IndiaDoctorsNursesAllied health professionalsHealthcare administratorsBoth private and public sectorsAll age groupsBoth gendersExclusion:Medical/nursing studentsHealthcare workers outside IndiaRetired healthcare workersNon-healthcare staffVoluntary healthcare workers Burnout measured by validated instruments:Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI)Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI)Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OLBI)Other validated burnout measures Not applicable for prevalence studiesFor associated factors: Healthcare workers without burnout",
CRD42024608752,"What published and peer-reviewed evidence exists for the relationship between the expression of dopamine, glutamate, and GABAergic neurotransmitter receptor subtypes in peripheral blood and Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) in humans?","Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a common and debilitating mental health condition characterized by persistent low mood, loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities, and a range of cognitive and physical symptoms, including fatigue, impaired concentration, changes in appetite, and sleep disturbances. MDD affects individuals across various age groups and has substantial impacts on quality of life, social functioning, and overall health.",
CRD420251004987,"To find out which interventions were carried out for intervening sleep, fatigue and depression all at once and to analyze the effects of those interventions quantitatively and qualitatively.","Adults who are 18 or older and who have an impaired mental health status like depression, insomnia.... Not limited. If the interventions are applied to the participants for improving the problems of sleep, fatigue and depression, any intervention can be included.","Adolescents, Youth"
CRD420250651806,Primary objectives,"Psychometric Testing; Quality of Life The domain being studied is the suitability and performance of quality-of-life outcome measures for adult psychiatric inpatient populations. The population of interest are adult inpatients (psychiatric). The review is not restricted by country, outcome measures used with psychiatric inpatient populations worldwide will be eligible. Psychometric Testing; Assessment Of Quality Of Life Papers which include the psychometric properties of the quality-of-life outcome measurement tool, for example, validation studies. PICO tags selected: Psychometric Testing Using different psychometric properties, such as reliability indices, the identified outcome measures will be compared using the COSMIN OMI guideline for systematic reviews (Elsman et al., 2024).","Studies that do not include an adult inpatient psychiatric population will be excluded. For example, studies on adolescents or older adults in inpatient psychiatric settings, studies that are not set in adult inpatient psychiatric settings, e.g. community mental health, physical rehabilitation, medical wards. Adolescents, older adults, physical health, learning disability, general ward populations, physical rehabilitation e.g. stroke, cognitive impairment, eating disorder units, addiction/detox centres, and forensic populations. Studies which do not report on or include psychometric properties of the outcome measure. Interventional studies, for example, studies which use an outcome measure for pre and post intervention evaluation but do not evaluate measurement properties."
CRD420250637840,"Primary question: Are VR relaxation and wellbeing interventions effective at reducing anxiety? Secondary question: Within studies that have used a control group, is there an effect of VR at reducing anxiety?Other questions:What groups of people have the methodologically robust studies of VR relaxation for anxiety been carried out on? (i.e. relating to age, gender identity, sex, ethnicity, occupational status, mental health or physical health diagnoses)What have the interventions involved, i.e., the virtual experience, the method of delivery etc?","Anxiety Anxiety is a universally experienced human emotion, which involves feelings of dread of anticipatory events and worry. While adaptive in some contexts, heightened levels of anxiety in the general population, alongside anxiety disorders in the clinical population, pose significant health and economic challenges, necessitating innovative interventions. Inclusion criteria are studies with general population and clinical samples, in both paediatric and adult physical and mental health settings. No populations will be excluded. Virtual Reality VR interventions usually involve the use of a head-mounted display or VR 'goggles', that show 360' videos and create an immersive experience for the users, often with audio input. This creates a sense of presence in the environment, as if the user was actually in the VR environment. VR assisted therapies have emerged as a promising intervention for targeting anxiety through two distinct approaches: 1) VR assisted exposure therapy, primarily used in clinical treatment to help people with anxiety disorders and 2) VR assisted relaxation and wellbeing experiences, which aim to promote mental health and can be used in both clinical and non-clinical populations (Bell et al., 2024).  VR relaxation therapies focus on immersing users in soothing and pleasant virtual environments designed to reduce stress and promote relaxation. While VR exposure therapy has a well-established evidence base demonstrating its effectiveness (Powers & Emmelkamp, 2008), the literature on VR relaxation and wellbeing interventions is comparatively underdeveloped (Riches et al., 2021).  Inclusion criteria: studies that use head-mounted displays to present immersive, three-dimensional virtual reality environments aimed to reduce anxiety. PICO tags selected: Active control; Usual Care Inclusion criteria: studies using experimental designs that include comparisons with non-virtual reality interventions such as a 2D equivalent or treatment as usual will be included.",Exclusion criteria: studies involving VR exposure therapy; studies that do not use head-mounted displays.
CRD42022304029,"What is the association between mental health issues, depression and hepatocellular carcinoma in patients diagnosed with liver cancer?","Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma are commonly associated with mental health disorders, including depression. In this review, we will be analysing the effects of depression and other mental health disorders in affecting the patients.",
CRD42024541365,"Broad Review Question: What are the key insights from health professionals and patients regarding pharmacist-led MNS services in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), and how can these insights contribute to the enhancement of mental healthcare in these settings?
Specific research questions:
1. What types of mental health services are provided by pharmacists in LMICs?
2. What are the perceptions and expectations of patients and healthcare professionals regarding pharmacist-led mental health services in LMICs?
3. What are the challenges faced by pharmacists in providing mental healthcare in LMICs?
4. What factors can facilitate the delivery of pharmacist-led mental health services in these settings?","Phenomenon of Interest:
Pharmacist-led mental health services encompassing routine practices related to mental healthcare, such as counselling, medication management, education, and advocacy, as well as specific interventions initiated by pharmacists to improve mental health outcomes.",
CRD42024599897,"The primary objective of this meta-analysis is to systematically review and quantitatively synthesize the existing literature on electrophysiological microstates in individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). we aim to identify Consistent Patterns determine if there are consistent electrophysiological microstate patterns that differentiate individuals with ASD from typically developing controls. Explore the variability in findings across studies to understand the factors contributing to heterogeneity, such as age, gender, severity of ASD symptoms, and methodological differences. And offer a comprehensive overview that may contribute to the development of improved diagnostic tools for ASD.The primary objective of this meta-analysis is to systematically review and quantitatively synthesize the existing literature on electrophysiological microstates in individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). we aim to identify Consistent Patterns: Determine if there are consistent electrophysiological microstate patterns that differentiate individuals with ASD from typically developing controls. Examine Heterogeneity: Explore the variability in findings across studies to understand the factors contributing to heterogeneity, such as age, gender, severity of ASD symptoms, and methodological differences.","Preliminary results have been obtained in the field of EEG microstates in ASD, and based on our search results in six databases (PubMed, WoS, EMBASE, EBSCO, Cochrane Library, and PsycINFO), 10 studies were initially included. Some potential consistent advances have been identified in these studies, such as differences in the duration and frequency of microstate B between the ASD group and the healthy control group. However, these results are also contradictory, and some studies cannot reproduce these results. Moreover, there are differences in the study design and age of the enrolled subjects, and heterogeneity cannot be tested yet. Therefore, current research will further clarify the differences in these indicators and the heterogeneity between different studies.",
CRD42023457722,"Regarding the language used in the review protocol, the term ‘autism’ will be used to encompass all diagnostic terms related to this, including but not limited to: Autism Spectrum Disorder, Asperger’s Syndrome and Pervasive Developmental Disorder.
Review questions:
1. How do young people describe the development of their identity following an autism diagnosis?
2. What do young people consider to be factors related to the development of their identity after receiving an autism diagnosis?","Identity development following diagnosis of Autism in young people.
Autism will be defined as any reported clinical or research diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder, or associated historic diagnoses such as Asperger’s syndrome and Pervasive Developmental Disorder.
Identity will be broadly defined using the framework set out by Holland et al. (1998) as ‘the way a person understands and views himself, and is often viewed by others’. It will also draw on social identity theory to consider how the social identity of an individual is influenced by group membership, and perceived status of those groups (Turner, 1999).
The review will take a broad stance on the definition of identity and therefore any terms that are related to how one considers ‘the self’ (e.g., self-concept and self-esteem) will be considered as covering a sufficiently overlapping construct as to be incorporated under the broader identity definition, and therefore included in the review.",
CRD420251012381,"To explore the effects of Baduanjin exercise on the psychological health and quality of life of cancer patients, providing a scientific basis for rehabilitation interventions for cancer patients.","Adult patients with cancer(as diagnosed using histopathological examination) Exercise therapy Baduanjin exercise is characterized as a traditional fitness modality that integrates physical movement, respiratory regulation, and psychological modulation. PICO tags selected: Usual Care all experimental studies including randomized control trials and non-randomized controlled trial","Adolescents (under 18 years of age) opinion to editors, case studies, theses and dissertations, study protocols, grey literature"
CRD420250646791,"What are the dropout and follow-up rates in elective and emergency hand surgery trials, and what factors contribute to patient attrition in these studies?","The review focuses on dropout and follow-up rates in clinical trials involving elective and emergency hand surgery. Hand surgery encompasses a wide range of procedures aimed at restoring function, alleviating pain, and improving outcomes in conditions affecting the hand and wrist. Elective hand surgery includes procedures such as carpal tunnel release, tendon repair, and joint arthroplasty, while emergency hand surgery involves interventions for acute trauma, including open fractures, flexor tendon injuries, and digital replantation. Given the functional and occupational significance of the hand, adherence to follow-up is critical for optimising postoperative recovery. However, patient attrition is a known challenge in surgical trials, and this review aims to identify the factors influencing dropout rates and follow-up adherence in both elective and emergency settings. Adult patients (≥18 years old) undergoing elective or emergency hand surgery within the context of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) Eligible participants will include those undergoing elective procedures, such as carpal tunnel release, tendon repair, joint arthroplasty, and Dupuytren’s contracture surgery, as well as emergency procedures, including open fractures, flexor tendon injuries, replantation, and crush injuries. The primary comparison in this review will be between elective and emergency hand surgery trials to evaluate differences in dropout rates and follow-up adherence. Studies may include comparisons between different surgical techniques, follow-up methods, or patient demographics that influence attrition.",
CRD42020204658,What effective interventions exist that address resiliency and burnout at the resident physician level? Do these interventions provide a significant reduction on measures of stress or burnout and/ or is the effect of the intervention greater than that of a control or comparison condition? What is the quality of the research to date in this area?,"Burnout is defined as a psychological syndrome developing due to a prolonged chronic interpersonal stressors. It includes feelings of overwhelming exhaustion, depersonalization, and a sense of lack of accomplishment and ineffectiveness.",
CRD42024588797,"To compare the attrition rates between immersive virtual reality and non-immersive virtual reality interventions in the treatment of psychosis.
To identify potential moderator variables that may influence the variability in attrition rates for immersive and non-immersive virtual reality interventions in the treatment of psychosis.","The term 'psychosis' encompasses a number of symptoms associated with significant alternations to a person's perception, thoughts, mood, and behaviour.

It is characterised by positive symptoms including hallucinations, delusions, disorganised behaviour, alongside negative symptoms including emotional blunting, reduced speech and social withdrawal.
Psychosis is not considered a standalone diagnosis but rather a symptom that can occur in several mental health disorders. In the DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition), key diagnoses that involve psychotic symptoms include: schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, schizophreniform disorder, brief psychotic disorder, substance induced psychotic disorder, psychosis not otherwise specified.
In recent years, virtual reality (VR) has been used to help treat people with psychosis. Different mediums have been used which can be characterised as either immersive and non-immersive.",
CRD42020211214,"Question: What is the prevalence of periodontal disease in people with severe mental illness compared with people without this disorder?
Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate whether there is an association between SMI and periodontal disease.
Objective: To determine if people with SMI have poorer periodontal health than the general population.
Background Review: People with severe mental illness (SMI) have higher rates of comorbid physical illnesses, compared to the general population. Unfortunately, there is less data available, and less emphasis placed on the oral health aspect, which contributes to other systemic diseases including cardiovascular disease and cancer. Oral health diseases primarily consist of dental caries and periodontal disease. The former had been reported in a systematic review which established SMI was positively associated with edentulism and dental caries. People with SMI had 2.6 the odds of having lost all their teeth than the general community (95%CI=1.6-4.2). They also had significantly higher scores of dental decay (mean difference=5.0; 95%CI=2.5-7.4). However, the relationship between periodontal disease and SMI has yet to be investigated in a systematic review.","(1) Severe mental illness including schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, bipolar affective disorder and other psychotic disorders
(2) Periodontal disease including gingivitis and periodontitis.",
CRD42022377894,"Research topic: Alcohol and Tobacco Interventions: A Systematic Review
The aim of this study is to conduct a systematic review of behavioral and/or combination of behavioral with medication treatments for tobacco and alcohol cessation.","In 2020, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data estimated that 14.2% of US adults are current smokers and 51.9% drank in the last 30 days. Among current smokers, 57.0% drank in the last month compared to 51.1% among former and never smokers. BRFSS also estimates that 6.6.% of US adults are heavy drinkers. Among current smokers, 13.8% are estimated to be heavy drinkers compared to 5.4% among former and never smokers. Thus, there is significant co-use of alcohol and cigarette smoking in the population (CDC, 2020).
Alcohol consumption can negatively impact the efficacy of smoking cessation interventions. Evidence suggests that even modest consumption interferes with successful smoking cessation attempts (Kahler et al., 2010). A substantial proportion, 75%, of alcohol-dependent persons who smoke are interested in quitting both substances (Flach and Diener, 2004). Tobacco use has been rarely addressed in substance use treatment, because it was integrated into treatment culture, used often by patients and staff members during treatment, and even seen as beneficial and supported by providers focused on other substance use recovery (SAMHSA, 2011a, 2011b). However, simultaneous intervention improves outcomes in both behaviors and supports long-term recovery rather than inhibiting it (Prochaska et al., 2004).",
CRD42020201832,This systematic review will examine the existing compassion-focused practices conducted in Asian cultures,This review will explore Compassion focused interventions conducted in Asian countries,
CRD42022309518,"This systematic review aims to address the following question: What healthcare interventions and models exist to detect and manage chronic non-communicable disease amongst adults (18+ years) in prisons or within 1 year following release from prison?
This above question can be formulated using the PICOS format as below:
Population - Adult offenders (aged 18+ years) currently serving time in any category prison for any offence, or who have recently been released from prison in the past 12 months
Intervention - Any healthcare intervention or model to detect, monitor, and/or manage any chronic non-communicable disease amongst adult prisoners.
Comparator - No control groups are required for inclusion in the review
Outcome - Any outcome measuring the acceptability, uptake, or effectiveness of healthcare interventions will be considered.
Study - Any study type reporting original data will be considered for inclusion in the review.","Any chronic non-communicable physical health condition such as hypertension, cardiovascular disease, arthritis, diabetes, COPD, asthma etc. Chronic diseases will be defined as per the National Centre for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (NCCDPHP): conditions that last 1 year or more and require ongoing medical attention or limit activities of daily living or both.
Studies focusing on communicable diseases, mental illnesses, and substance use disorders without physical health sequelae will be excluded.",
CRD42024559858,"Can Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation reduce the symptoms (primarily, obsession and compulsion) in adult patients suffering with Obsessive-compulsive Disorder?","The condition we plan to study is Obsessive-compulsive Disorder (OCD). It is a chronic mental disorder that primarily features frequent obsessive thoughts and compulsive behaviors that usually interfere with the quality of life, and often are a cause of debilitating anxiety and depression. This disease affects people from all ages and walks of life, irrespective of gender and race. Multiple factors are assumed to play a role in pathogenesis of this condition including neurological, biological and environmental factors. Inclusion Criteria:-Human individuals with a diagnosis of Obsessive-compulsive Disorder/ treatment-resistant Obsessive-compulsive disorder (as per Diagnostic Criteria for Research (DCR) of International Classification of Diseases-tenth edition (ICD-10) by WHO, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Illnesses, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Illnesses, Fourth Edition (DSM-4), MINI or similar criteria) will contribute to our study population.-To increase inclusivity, trials with individuals diagnosed by expert psychiatrists and known patients of OCD will also be considered.-We look forward to selecting studies which continued the use of already prescribed drugs for their psychiatric condition during the course of trial, so that the change in symptoms are not subjected or precipitated by withdrawal symptoms.Exclusion Criteria:-Studies involving non-human participants.-We do not plan to include studies which recruited participants suffering with concomitant neuropsychiatric disorders, except depression and anxiety as they often accompany OCD and may well be a consequence of the actual disease.-Studies with participants substantial metabolic/systemic co-morbid conditions. Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation (cTBS) therapy is our target intervention, irrespective of intervals, coil, lateralization, site of stimulation, duration of treatment, number of pulses per session, sessions per day, and inter-stimulation interval. In the studies included, comparator of interest will be ‘’placebo/sham’’ intervention. This implies that the control group received ‘’fake’’ stimulation in which the participants, without being aware, were subjected to no stimulation at all at any point of the treatment.",
CRD420250645976,Which co-design methodologies are best suited to creating interventions with people with dementia a,"People living with dementiainterventions that have been created using co design methods People living with dementia People with a diagnosis of dementia Dementia dyads Early stages Mid stage dementia Later stages of dementia Young or Early onset (under 65 years) Interventions which related to psychosocial needs. Including interpersonal or informational activities, techniques, or strategies which target, behavioural, cognitive, emotional, interpersonal, social, or environmental factors with the aim of improving quality of life. Interventions designed for improving quality of life (including knowledge resources) Social care interventions Health related care interventions Studies recruiting Studies recruiting for PPIE or data collection NA",People diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment not dementia. Other intellectual disabilities/ learning disabilities Acquired brain injury Mental Health Family carers/ care partners only involved in the co-design Older people without a dementia diagnosis Interventions aimed at carers/ care partners Interventions aimed at service design/or developing new services No recruitment of people with dementia for PPIE or data collection.
CRD42021220560,"Review Question: What are the effects of nature-based activities on the physical and mental health outcomes of adults age 65 year and older when compared to other non-pharmacological, pharmacological or control interventions?
P: Adults, aged 65 years and older with or without underlying health conditions.
I: Nature-based activities (e.g. gardening, watering, walking in a garden)
C: placebo, non-nature based activities, other non-pharmacological or pharmacological
O: Health effects (physical and mental health effects)","Narrative reviews have been conducted on nature-based activity interventions (e.g. gardening, planting, outdoor walking) in the general population and in older adults. There are a limited number of systematic reviews on this topic and existing reviews have utilized limited search strategies and have not included rigorous assessment of study quality. To date there have been no meta-analyses conducted on this topic. We conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis if possible including randomized control trials (RCTs) which have evaluated the effects of nature-based activities for individuals who are over 65 years old on physical and mental health outcomes.",
CRD42023481488,"What is the global use of task-shifting and task-sharing in anaesthesia practice? This encompasses exploring the factors that facilitate-, the challenges presented by-, various perspectives on-, and the overall impact of anaesthetic task-shifting and task-sharing measures on surgical service delivery, patient care and outcomes, and training and employment of anaesthesia doctors.","As insufficient anaesthetic capacity is one of the main challenges to deliver quality surgical care worldwide, we are seeking to investigate the feasibility of task-shifting/sharing to overcome the shortage of anaesthetic care providers in global surgery.",
CRD42024560631,"In what ways do feminist parenting approaches affect children's gender development, as compared to traditional parenting practices?","The objective is to systematically analyse the existing literature to gauge the extent of the impact of different parenting practices on children's gender attitudes and behaviours. A further objective is to explore potential mediating and moderating factors that influenced the relationship between parenting practices and children's gender development. These factors included the child's age, the family's cultural context, and parent gender and sexuality.",
CRD420251037226,"Explore the optimal traditional Chinese medicine exercise intervention for elderly sarcopenia patients' physical function. By rigorously screening literature, extracting data, assessing study quality, and conducting statistical analyses, ensure the accuracy and scientific validity of the results. This provides a solid theoretical basis for promoting traditional Chinese medicine exercises in clinical practice for elderly sarcopenia treatment.","The study participants include patients clinically diagnosed with sarcopenia in the elderly, aged 60 years or older. Traditional Chinese Medicine; Tai Chi PICO tags selected: Usual Care",
CRD42024580083,"What promotes integrated mental health care for refugee patients? sub-questions are: a) what causal mechanisms are involved in facilitating collaboration and service coordination amongst diverse healthcare, refugee patients and stakeholder groups?; b) in what settings (context) does a model of integrated care work; c) how can program theory be used by practitioners, policy makers and program planners across services to provide a pathway toward integrated mental healthcare for refugees?",Refugees seeking access to mental healthcare,
CRD42020201491,What is the role of expectations in the context of student counselling: how have expectations been defined and measured in student counselling and what impact do these expectations have on student outcomes?,This research focuses on mental health counselling provided in a third level or higher education setting where students' expectations are assessed and monitored.,
CRD42022335005,"What is the impact of online intracommunity stigma upon transgender, non-binary and genderqueer youth health and wellbeing?","This protocol focuses on online environments and the interactions and experiences transgender, non-binary and genderqueer youth have within digitised spaces and the impact of these interaction upon their health and wellbeing. Intracommunity gender policing is used as a framework to identify acts, behaviours and social norms regarding gendered expectations that are held and enforced either knowingly or subconsciously from within and across the LGBTQ+ community itself. This differs from inter-community relations where these social expectations exist and are conducted between multiple different communities.",
CRD42019126090,"The broad aim of this systematic review is to analyze and summarize the available evidence concerning 30-day hospital readmissions, and the Hospital Readmission Reduction Program (HRRP). Specifically, the systematic review is aimed:
1. To analyze and present evidence of the patterns of hospital readmissions among Medicare beneficiaries, and the motivation behind the authorization of the Hospital Readmission Reduction Program under the Affordable Care Act of 2010.
2. To assess risk factors associated with excess unplanned readmissions.
3. To clarify evidence of patients and hospital characteristics experiencing or reporting excess readmissions.
4. To evaluate the intended and unintended consequences of HRRP concerning readmission among Medicare patient population.
5. To analyze suggestions or proposals to strengthen, fix or do away with the HRR program.","Recently, hospital readmissions metric, considered an indicator of healthcare quality, has been used to adjust payments to some hospitals. Previously, providers lacked incentives to invest in efforts to reduce unplanned readmissions[1]. This changed following the implementation of the HRRP. Now hospitals face a penalty for excess readmissions for targeted conditions. Some studies suggest a decline in readmissions as a result of HRRP[2-5], while other studies indicate impact of the HRRP is overstated, or worse, it led to increase in mortality[6, 7]. Some studies have recommended a rethinking or adjusting the program design. The purpose of this review is:
1. To analyze and present evidence of the patterns of hospital readmissions among Medicare beneficiaries, and the motivation behind the authorization of the Hospital Readmission Reduction Program under the Affordable Care Act of 2010.
2. To assess risk factors associated with excess avoidable readmissions.
3. To clarify evidence of patients and hospital characteristics experiencing or reporting excess readmissions
4. To evaluate the intended and unintended consequences of HRRP concerning readmissions among Medicare patient population.
5. To analyze suggestions or proposals to strengthen, fix or do away with the program.",
CRD42024581052,What is the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions for children of Parents with Cancer (survivor or non- survivor)?,"The experience of parental cancer is a traumatic event for the children that can have profound and lasting effects on a child's psychosocial well-being. Children who experience parental cancer may undergo significant physical, cognitive, emotional, and behavioral changes. They are at an increased risk of mental health issues, including depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Some studies suggest that these children also have a higher risk of self-injury. Considering the high incidence of cancer and the significant psychosocial challenges that children encounter, it is crucial to assess the effectiveness of available interventions aimed at improving child mental health and well-being.",
CRD42023495827,"1. The purpose of this meta-analysis is to identify and quantify the effects of Taekwondo interventions on depression.
2. Should the data ultimately included be sufficient, we will explore variations among different populations, genders, and regions.
3. Investigate the optimal intervention protocols for Taekwondo interventions' impact on depression.","Depression is a common mental health issue, characterized by persistent sadness, a decrease in interest or pleasure, and low energy. It affects not only emotional states but can also impact physical health and daily life. Depression is increasingly becoming a severe psychological problem.
Taekwondo is a comprehensive martial arts sport that combines both punching and kicking techniques.
Many previous studies have confirmed that practicing Taekwondo has a positive effect on mental health. Some scholars have also researched whether Taekwondo can improve symptoms of depression. Therefore, we will conduct a quantitative synthesis of existing research findings to confirm more detailed and precise results.",
CRD42022381546,"The primary aim of this review is to identify current models of Community lead Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander perinatal mental health care in Australia.
Secondary outcomes are to synthesise knowledge about characteristics that are fundamental to models such as culture, Community-driven self-determination, Grandmother’s Lore, Women’s Business, attachment, and trauma-informed care.",Indigenous Perinatal Mental Health in Australia,
CRD420250653433,"Adults
Large language model
Placebo, traditional psychotherapy methods, decision tree AI
Depression/anxiety levels
RCTs (Randomized Controlled Trials)",Depression\\Anxiety\\Mental Health,
CRD420250623147,"Whether sleep and circadian rhythm are associated with mental resilience, if considering resilience from the perspectives of resilience capacity (coping strategies) and posttraumatic growth (good mental health outcome despite experiences of stress or trauma).","Mental resilience, as defined as a capacity or a positive mental health outcome following adversity and stress. Inclusion: Human participants across aged 6 years old and above. With high-level resilience capacity (measured by validated questionnaires), or with positive mental health outcome after past experiences of stressful events or trauma events. WIth low-level resilience capacity (measured by validated questionnaires), or with poor mental health outcome (measured by validated questionaires, or diagnosed by clinical interview) after past experiences of stressful events or trauma events (e.g., post-traumatic stress disorder, acute stress disorder, adjustment disorder).",Exclusion: Animal studies and experimental studies.
CRD42024524765,"What is the effect of school-based stress, anxiety, and depression prevention programs for young people?","Given the recent rise in adolescent mental health issues, many researchers have turned to school-based mental health programs as a way to reduce stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms among large groups of adolescents. The purpose of the current systematic review and meta-analysis is to identify and evaluate the efficacy of school-based programming aimed at reducing internalizing mental health problems of adolescents.",
CRD42024616351,"A Review of Visual Behavior and Correspondent Blood Oxygen Response in Autism
Spectrum Disorder",Individuals with autism spectrum disorders,
CRD42023405005,The aim of this meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials is to evaluate the efficacy of web-based compassion intervetion for compassion of the informal caregivers.,"The importance of informal caregivers' health and well-being is becoming more widely recognized. Family members, close friends, and/or other people who provide unpaid physical, emotional, medical, or financial support to a care receiver are considered informal caregivers[1]. In the United States, 47.9 million individuals as an informal caregiver for a family member or friend age 18 or older, in the last year. It is undoubtedly clear that individuals who take on the responsibility of caring for another person who is sick or disabled find it difficult. Caregivers shoulder long-term caregiving responsibilities which have given them a sense of purpose or meaning. On another hand, these positive emotions often coexist with an emotional response, and even develop into psychological health problems, and have higher levels of depression and stress, and lower levels of self-efficacy and subjective well-being.
Recently, researches indicate that higher levels of compassion as a protective emotional adaption factor in family carers are associated with lower levels of burden and compassion fatigue. Compassion training may be especially good for informal caregivers, as it may boost mental health and alleviate suffering. It also may be thought of as a preventive intervention that can decrease psychological distress and increase overall well-being.",
CRD42024596961,"This study compares the effects of different interventions on women's body imagery through systematic assessment and net Meta-analysis, aiming to reveal the effects of various intervention strategies and their magnitude through direct and indirect comparisons.","Many studies have focused on a single intervention approach and lacked a systematic comparison of multiple intervention modalities, making it difficult to determine which intervention is most effective. In light of this, the purpose of this study was to assess and compare the effectiveness of multiple intervention approaches on women's body imagery through a reticulated Meta-analysis approach.",
CRD42022369458,"What are the experiences of perinatal depression of migrant women to Canada, as reported by migrant women and by service providers who work with them?","Perinatal depression, defined as depression during pregnancy and up to one year post-partum (i.e., post-partum depression [PPD]) can lead to poorer short and long term health outcomes for the mother-child dyad, and increased maternal mortality. A 2015 meta-analysis reported a 2-fold higher prevalence of depressive symptoms in immigrant women compared to non-immigrant women during the postpartum period.",
CRD420250655597,How effective is aromatherapy intervention in improving nurses' physical and psychological well-being?,"Stress; Anxiety; Quality Of Sleep Nurses with stress, anxiety, sleep quality issues, and job-related fatigue. Inhalation Therapy Management; Aromatherapy",
CRD42024550714,"What are the experiences of family members of emergency response workers (ERs)
Sub-questions:
- What are the experiences views and needs of family members of ERs?
- What mental health and wellbeing issues are experienced by family members of ERs?
- How family members of ERs could be supported to improve their mental health and wellbeing?","The domain of interest will be to explore the experiences and impacts of being a family member of an ER. This will include a focus on various aspects of their experiences such as personal emotional and psychological impacts, as well as considering the wider context such as practical impacts or effects upon the family dynamic. Furthermore, the available interventions and support plans for these family members will also be reviewed.",
CRD42020179109,"The overarching aim of the systematic review is to provide direction on how mental health peer support services should be implemented in Asian countries. The following questions will be addressed:
1. How effective are mental health peer services in Asia?
2. What adaptations were used when implementing mental health peer services in Asia?
3. What are the limitations reported of mental health peer services in Asia?",Formal peer support services in mental health settings within Asia. This could be in group settings or one-to-one interventions. Formal services refer to those that are implemented within an organization that provides mental health care.,
CRD42024510595,"In patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD), does the administration of Gepirone, compared to placebo, demonstrate superior efficacy in the treatment of MDD?","Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) stands as a pervasive mental health challenge, affecting an estimated 17.3 million adults in the United States alone (according to the National Institute of Mental Health). In addressing this prevalent issue, Gepirone, an FDA-approved medication, has appeared as a potential therapeutic option. Gepirone operates as the first oral 5-HT1A serotonin receptor agonist approved by the FDA to treat depression. Its approval by the FDA signifies a milestone in psychiatric pharmacotherapy, providing an alternative with potentially fewer side effects compared to prior medications, which often present undesirable side effects. Common side effects of Gepirone may include dizziness and nausea. As society grapples with the pervasive impact of depressive disorders, exploring and understanding new treatments like Gepirone becomes crucial for enhancing mental health outcomes and quality of life.",
CRD42020158831,"This review investigates whether combined physical and cognitive training can improve inhibition control. In doing so, we aim to identify whether this combined training strategy holds therapeutic promise as a future intervention for disorders involving deficits in inhibition control, such as obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), substance and behavioural addictions and attention-deficit/hyperactive disorder (ADHD).
In addition, the effect of the parameters of physical and cognitive training, such as frequency, intensity and duration, on the outcomes (i.e. inhibition control) will also be assessed. This will assist in guiding future studies examining the effects of combined physical and cognitive training.","This review will focus on the domain of inhibition control. The model of inhibition which will be referred to throughout encompasses response inhibition, which involves resisting the urge to engage in particular motor responses, and cognitive inhibition, which involves resisting attentional distraction from stimuli (Aron, Robbins & Poldrack, 2004; Tiego, Testa, Bellgrove, Pantelis & Whittle, 2018). Measures of response inhibition involves tasks such as the stop-signal and measures of cognitive inhibition involves tasks such as the stroop. Whilst individuals vary on a spectrum of inhibition control, with some who find this more difficult than others, greater deficits in inhibition are associated with a number of mental health concerns, including OCD, ADHD and substance and behavioural addictions.
References
Aron, A. R., Robbins, T. W., & Poldrack, R. A. (2004). Inhibition and the right inferior frontal cortex. Trends in cognitive sciences, 8(4), 170-177.
Tiego, J., Testa, R., Bellgrove, M. A., Pantelis, C., & Whittle, S. (2018). A hierarchical model of inhibitory control. Frontiers in psychology, 9, 1339.",
CRD42024556659,PPopulationAssess satisfaction with prosthesis use (Comfort)IIntervention or exposureQuestionnaires that fully or partially describe satisfaction with prosthesis useCComparator(Not specified)OOutcomesSatisfaction with prosthesis useTType of studySystematic reviews and meta-analyses,"Lower limb amputation can lead to significant changes in individuals' quality of life, impacting everything from mobility to functional independence and mental health. The use of prostheses emerges as a crucial intervention, providing not only functional compensation but also influencing patients' self-esteem and social reintegration. However, satisfaction with prostheses is a complex and multidimensional aspect, involving physical, psychological, social, and even cultural factors. Assess satisfaction with prosthesis use (Comfort) Questionnaires that fully or partially describe satisfaction with prosthesis use (Not specified)",
CRD42022362094,"The Population (P), Intervention (I), Comparison (C), Outcome (O) (PICO) Framework recommended for use with questions related to effectiveness of an intervention (Stern, Jordan, & McArthur, 2014) was used to develop the research questions which were:
Does Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) (I) affect mental health symptomology (O) with older people (55 and over) (P) pre and post therapy (C)?
Broken down further this answers the following questions:
• What is the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) for older people?
• How do people aged 55+ respond to ACT?
• How do measures of mental health change pre and post therapy for older people engaging in ACT?","Any mental health condition where there is measurable symptomology (e.g. anxiety, depression)",
CRD42022325536,What are the preoperative factors that affect patient reported outcomes after hip and knee replacement?,"Patient reported outcomes in patients undergoing hip and knee replacements, primarily for osteoarthritis. Adult patients undergoing primary hip or knee replacements, primarily for osteoarthritis. Reviews which have included data from patients undergoing elective hip or knee replacements for other indications, such as rheumatoid arthritis or developmental dysplasia of the hip, will be included if these were unselected patient groups and included primarily patients with osteoarthritis. Studies reporting on outcomes in patients treated with unicompartmental knee replacements will be included.Reviews including studies of patients receiving hip or knee replacement for fractures, and studies reporting on revision surgery will be excluded. Studies reporting on hemiarthroplasty or hip resurfacing will be excluded. Systematic reviews will be included if they report on the effect of at least one preoperative factor on post-operative patient reported outcomes. Any preoperative risk factor will be included but may include physical or mental health status, comorbidities, demographics, function, pain or expectations. Studies reporting on the effect of pre-operative interventions will not be included. None specified.",
CRD420251010697,"The primary objective of this meta-analysis is to provide a comprehensive estimate of the suicide rates among Chinese adolescents with depression, addressing the inconsistencies in the existing literature. Additionally, this study aims to identify key risk factors associated with suicide rates, including sociodemographic, biological, lifestyle, behavioral, and family/social environmental factors. By synthesizing existing data, this research will offer a scientific basis for the development of targeted clinical interventions and public health policies, ultimately promoting the prevention and treatment of adolescent depression and reducing the incidence of suicidal behaviors.","Adolescents with depression (as diagnosed using any recognised diagnostic criteria) This review will include cross-sectional studies, case-control studies, and cohort studies reporting suicide rates and their risk factors among Chinese adolescents with depression.","Studies focusing on mental health conditions other than depression. These interventional studies will be excluded because the focus of this review is on the natural history and risk factors associated with suicide rates in adolescents with depression, rather than the effects of specific interventions."
CRD420250635807,What are the consequences of emotional neglect for children and adolescents?,"Childhood; Adolescence; Neglect Or Abandonment; Clinical Outcome Emotional Neglect desktop studies on children and adolescents Measuring Patient-Reported Outcomes This systematic review will include published peer-reviewed articles and grey literature that focus on the developmental impact of emotional neglect from early childhood to adulthood. The studies must specifically address emotional neglect without including physical abuse or other forms of maltreatment. Both qualitative and quantitative research exploring developmental outcomes in emotional, cognitive, or social functioning will be considered. Studies examining emotional neglect's impact across various developmental stages will also be included. Only studies published in English within the last 10 years (2014–2024) will be reviewed to ensure relevance to current research. Full-text studies are required for inclusion.Studies on other types of abuse, such as physical or sexual abuse, or studies which investigate at emotional neglect in conjunction with other forms of maltreatment without focussing on its particular impacts will not be included in this systematic review. Research pertaining to groups other than those in the early childhood through adulthood age or that do not concentrate on developmental outcomes will be disregarded. Exclusion of non-English studies, journals without full text accessibility, and research conducted prior to 2014 will also be enforced to ensure adherence to the review's timeline and criteria. Furthermore, non-empirical research, reviews, commentary, and editorials will not be included. Children/adolescents with emotional neglect vs. those without",
CRD42020164275,"To develop a theoretical understanding of the processes through which residential treatments are effective at addressing alcohol and substance use disorders.
Review questions:
a. What are the outcomes of community-based residential treatments targeting alcohol and substance use?
b. How, why, for whom, and in what context are community-based residential treatments effective?",Problem substance use (drugs and/or alcohol).,
CRD42025638495,"How are artificial intelligence (AI)-driven interventions, such as conversational agents, game-based platforms, and robotic systems, utilized in child and adolescent psychotherapy and developmental support, and what are their impacts on therapeutic outcomes, accessibility, and user engagement compared to traditional or alternative methods?","The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in child and adolescent psychotherapy and developmental support, focusing on its use as an intervention to enhance therapeutic outcomes, increase accessibility, and deliver personalized care.",
CRD420250614419,1. Is there a relationship between callous-unemotional traits and autism/ADHD traits?2. What are the mental health problems associated with callous-unemotional traits in those with autism/ADHD traits?,"Callous-unemotional traits Children and young people. Inclusion:- Mean age of the sample is less than 25 years, with no participants over 30 years- Autism and ADHD traits are measured using a validated measure or the sample have a reported diagnosis of autism and/or ADHDExclusion:- See above Not applicable, although we will describe any child maltreatment that is measures within the samples due to the links between child maltreatment and callous-unemotional traits. Not applicable, although we will describe any child maltreatment that is measures within the samples due to the links between child maltreatment and callous-unemotional traits.",
CRD42024593010,"With our meta-analysis we aim to answer the following questions:
1. Which DSM-5 symptoms are covered most often by the identified mental health measures? How much symptom-overlap (and symptom-differences) exist between the measures?
2. Which DSM-5 diagnoses are covered most often by the identified mental health measures? How much diagnosis-overlap (and diagnosis-differences) exist between the measures?
3. How many items of the identified measures fall into the following four symptom categories: cognitive, behavioural, emotional, and physiological?
4. What kind of content do the identified measures cover that goes beyond DSM-5 symptoms? How many items of the identified measures go beyond DSM-5 symptoms? How much content-overlap (and content-differences) exists with regard to the beyond-symptoms of the identified measures?
5. How modifiable are the beyond-symptoms and how do they relate to the concept of positive mental health?","Mental health related measures are central instruments for the psychodiagnostic process and enable the evaluation of therapy processes and outcome, for both the clinical practice and research. However, since mental health is a complex, multidimensional concept, there is currently no consensus on how to conceptualize it. Common symptom-based classification systems, such as the DSM-5, are increasingly criticized because they do not take into account the multidimensionality of the concept. Accordingly, there is a lack of standardized measures that fully capture this multidimensionality. Therefore, the aim of this meta-analysis is to analyse the content of existing mental health measures and to use the compiled content to identify relevant indicators of mental health, based on symptoms and content that goes beyond symptoms. Specific research questions are listed in the respective section.",
CRD42020155527,What is the strength of association between paternal perinatal mental health problems and externalising and internalising symptoms in children? What moderates this relationship?,"Depression and Anxiety in fathers in the perinatal period and behavioural and emotional outcomes in children, specifically externalising and internalising symptoms.",
CRD42020207697,"1. What is the available evidence on the determinants of stress, anxiety, and depression among pregnant women in Sub- Saharan Africa?
2. What is the evidence available on the quality of life profile of pregnant women in Sub- Saharan Africa?
3. What is the role of stress, anxiety, and depression on the quality of life of pregnant women in Sub- Saharan Africa?","The research on common mental disorder and its effect on the quality of life of pregnant women in Asia brings out various trends with one crosscutting feature, namely dynamic changes in economic and responses from family and health resources to the changes and demands of pregnancy. To understand and address the problem of maternal mental common disorders and its effect on the quality of life of the pregnant woman, there is a need for a comprehensive and multi-layered approach that requires tailor-made studies on the phenomena. This review is oriented on the maternal mental health problem and its impact on the quality of life of pregnant women in West Africa. It aims to assess the available evidence of common mental disorder and its effect on the quality of life of pregnant women in West Africa. In other words, the review is to synthesize existing evidence about the common mental disorder (stress, anxiety, and depression) on the quality of life of pregnant women in West Africa.",
CRD42024560341,Are interventions for climate change-related disasters effective in promoting/mitigating the impacts on mental health?,"Psychological distress; Psychological Trauma; Mental Health Promotion Climate change impacts populations worldwide and has been associated with an increased frequency in extreme weather events and disasters (Banholzer, Kossin, & Donner, 2014). Climate change-related disasters have been defined as natural disasters such as floods, storms, droughts, and heat waves which have been provoked and intensified as a result of human influence (Bell et al, 2001; Thomas & López, 2015). Over recent years the understanding of the impact of climate change related events on mental health has grown exponentially (Cowlishaw et al., 2024; Leppold et al, 2022). Anxiety, depression and post traumatic stress disorder are some of the most common psychiatric disorders associated with such disasters (Beaglehole et al., 2018; Clayton, 2020).Although recent research has led to the development of new interventions to improve mental health such as psychotherapy, resilience building programmes, nature-based activities, community and climate activism projects (Baudon & Jachens, 2021; Bingley et al., 2022; Xue et al., 2024), little is known about the overall effectiveness of such interventions. The proposed systematic review and meta-analysis will identify interventions which aim to promote/mitigate the impacts on mental health associated with climate change-related disasters and subsequently determine their effectiveness. Studies which empirically evaluate an outcome (e.g. anxiety/resilience) of a mental health/psychosocial intervention for climate change-related disasters. Research in human participants. 1. Intervention only studies - pre and post intervention. 2. Case control studies - intervention vs no intervention/alternative intervention/treatment as usual/equivalent control group. Any comparator e.g. another intervention/non-exposed control group/treatment as usual/equivalent control group","Non-empirical qualitative research. Theoretical papers. Grey literature. Non-English Language papers. Studies published prior to 1st January 2007 (consistent with IPCC's fourth assessment report (AR4) and previous literature (Sharpe & Davison, 2021; Solomon et al., 2007))."
CRD42023465996,"1.Population: Adolescents and emerging adults with insomnia
2.Intervention: Digital Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia
3.Comparison: Sleep hygiene or waiting list control
4.Outcome: Effectiveness of digital cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia in improving sleep quality and reducing symptoms
5.Study design: Randomized controlled trial","Research has shown that adolescence and early adulthood are critical periods for the exacerbation of insomnia symptoms and the occurrence of related disorders. This phase is characterized by rapid physical and psychological development, as well as significant physiological, psychological, and social changes. These changes can disrupt sleep patterns and contribute to potential sleep issues. Moreover, the pressures of academic burdens, the use of social media, and daily life changes can negatively impact sleep in adolescents and young adults.
Adverse effects of insomnia in this age group include decreased attention and memory abilities, impaired learning, and daytime sleepiness and fatigue. Insomnia is closely associated with mood disorders such as anxiety and depression, behavioral issues, social problems, and physical discomfort such as headaches and stomachaches. Additionally, there is a certain association between insomnia in adolescence and early adulthood and an increased risk of self-harm and suicide.
Therefore, researchers and healthcare professionals need to focus on insomnia issues in adolescents and young adults, undertaking research on its causes, risk factors, and interventions. Providing comprehensive and individualized sleep advice, cognitive-behavioral therapy, medication treatments, and holistic support for mental health may play a positive role in helping adolescents and young adults overcome insomnia problems.",
CRD420250643534,What are the mental health outcomes for Queer People of Colour?,"Mental Health Care; Mental Health Review A concise systematic literature review has not been conducted on what is currently known about mental health for queer-POCs as a community, and so would be beneficial for this under-researched area to consolidate findings and gaps. Participants identified as both queer (non-heterosexual) and POC (non-white) Focus on mental health Mental Health Assessment; Mental Health Screening; Mental Health Treatment; Mental Health Care; Mental Health Review; Mental Health History Focus on mental health PICO tags selected: Mental Health Screening; Mental Health Assessment; Mental Health Treatment","Participants identifying as queer (non-heterosexual) or POC, but not both. Participants identifying as transgender/gender diverse/gender queer Papers not looking at mental health impact"
CRD42017064294,Aim of the study:,A diagnostic instrument: the validity and reliability of the SDQ as a screening instrument for the mental health of children and adolescents 4-17 years old.,
CRD420250577750,What barriers hinder effective mental health care for South Asians living in Canada? What are the facilitators that promote effective mental health care for South Asians in Canada? What specific mental health stressors are experienced by South Asians living in Canada?,"Mental Health of South Asians in Canada. South Asian populations: India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Afghanistan, Sri Lanka, Maldives, Nepal, or Bhutan.Inclusion: South Asians in Canada. Exclusion: South Asians in other countries. The focus of the review is on barriers preventing South Asians in Canada from seeking and accessing mental health services, facilitators that encourage help-seeking and accessing mental health services, as well as the mental health stressors experienced by South Asians living in Canada. Not applicable.",
CRD420250619288,Identify studies published between 1970 and 2025 which feature development and validation of self-report measurement tools aimed at assessing individuals’ beliefs and evaluations of own and/or others’ emotions;,"Mental health and wellbeing; emotional schema; beliefs/appraisals of own and/or others' emotions Adult samples aged 18+ Non-clinical population Measures of emotional schema (beliefs, evaluations, judgements of own and/or others' emotions)","Population <18 years or over the age of 70 Clinical population Measures of: emotion control/regulation, expression or intensity."
CRD420250653054,"• Population (P): Transgender, non-binary, and gender-diverse individuals (no restrictions on age or sex).• Intervention (I): Gender-affirming hormone therapy (e.g., testosterone, estrogen) and gender-affirming surgeries (e.g., vaginoplasty, mastectomy, hysterectomy).• Comparison (C): Not applicable (descriptive and prevalence-focused study).• Outcomes (O):o Primary: Prevalence and characteristics of pain chronic paino Secondary: Relationship between gender-affirming interventions and pain, impact on quality of life, mental health associations.• Study (Type of study): Randomized clinical trials (RCTs), non-RCT observational studies (cohort, cross-sectional).","Chronic pain in transgender individuals is a complex and multifaceted condition influenced by biological, psychological, and social factors. Transgender individuals experience higher rates of chronic pain compared to cisgender populations, which may be attributed to gender-affirming medical interventions, hormonal therapies, surgical procedures, musculoskeletal changes, and psychosocial stressors such as discrimination and minority stress. This systematic review aims to evaluate the prevalence, characteristics, and treatment approaches for chronic pain in transgender individuals, with a specific focus on the impact of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and gender-affirming surgeries. Understanding these factors is crucial to developing tailored pain management strategies that address both biomedical and psychosocial aspects of chronic pain in transgender populations. This systematic review focuses on transgender individuals experiencing chronic pain, defined as pain persisting for more than three months. The population includes transgender men, transgender women, and non-binary individuals who have undergone or are undergoing hormone replacement therapy (HRT) with estrogen or testosterone and/or gender-affirming surgeries.Inclusion CriteriaPatients with Chronic Pain: Neuropathic, nociceptive, or nociplastic pain. Only patients with a confirmed diagnosis of chronic pain, with mention of diagnostic methods or accepted definitions (e.g., ICD-11 criteria or other guidelines).Therapeutic Interventions: Patients who have undergone gender-affirming surgeries or are undergoing hormone replacement therapy (HRT).Age Range: Between 18 and 65 years old.Types of Studies: Observational studies, including case-control and cohort studies. This systematic review focuses on the impact of gender-affirming medical interventions on chronic pain in transgender individuals. The key interventions (or exposures) being analyzed include:Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT):Estrogen therapy (for transgender women and some non-binary individuals).Testosterone therapy (for transgender men and some non-binary individuals).Analysis of how hormonal changes affect pain perception, musculoskeletal health, and neuropathic pain symptoms.Gender-Affirming Surgeries:Chest surgery (mastectomy or breast augmentation).Genital reconstruction surgery (phalloplasty, vaginoplasty, metoidioplasty).Facial feminization or masculinization procedures.Other soft tissue and skeletal modifications related to gender transition.Assessment of postoperative pain, long-term chronic pain, and neuropathic pain risks associated with these procedures. Not applicable","Exclusion Criteria Preexisting Clinical Conditions: Systemic arterial hypertension (SAH), Diabetes Mellitus (DM), and malignant neoplasms (cancer). Specific Populations: Elderly patients (age over 65 years), pregnant individuals, patients with immunodeficiencies, and patients with rheumatologic diseases. Ineligible Studies: Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and case reports. Inadequate Methodology: Lack of widely recognized validated scales to assess and grade pain."
CRD420250615763,1. What preventive intervention programs with reported long-term effectiveness (≥ 12 months) are available for preventing common mental disorders (CMDs) in the youth population?2. What are the long-term effects of these preventive interventions?,"Preventative intervention; Mental disorder The long-term impact of preventive interventions remains underexplored due to the high costs of long-term trials and the need for large sample sizes to detect significant effects. In addition, the reality is that less than 5% of mental health research funding goes to prevention research. It is crucial to find evidence that preventive interventions are effective in the long-term, to offer guidance for investing in sustained preventive strategies and thereby reducing the burden of mental health problems. This systematic review aims to investigate the long-term effectiveness of preventive interventions for common mental disorders. Participants will be 0-24 years old, of any gender, and those who did not meet the criteria of CMDs at baseline living in high-income countries (HIC) or low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). We include universal prevention studies, targeting the population at large, and studies with indicated prevention, including participants who already have some depressive/anxiety symptoms but do not meet the diagnostic criteria for MDD/GAD/panic disorder/phobias/social anxiety disorder/obsessive-compulsive disorder. Finally, we also include selective prevention studies, including participants who may not currently have CMDs symptoms but who are at high risk of developing CMDs due to some other characteristics. Preventive interventions including universal, selective, indicated interventions. The control conditions will include a waiting list, (a period of) no intervention, or an active placebo.",
CRD42020221432,"Are there any relationships between changes in neuropsychological outcomes and clinical outcomes before and after treatments among children with ADHD?
Additional detail
1. Neuropsychological outcome measures are including any types of tests measuring cognition (i.e. response inhibition, short-term memory, working memory, temporal discounting, timing, and reaction time variability)
2. Clinical outcome measures are including subjective rating scales for ADHD symptoms, behavioural or functional impairments, or quality of life (i.e., rated by either patient, parents, or teachers).
3. Types of treatments are including pharmacological and non-pharmacological (e.g., cognitive training)","Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common mental health disorders among school-age children. Children with ADHD present with developmentally inappropriate inattentive and/or hyperactive-impulsive symptoms across different settings that impair their personal, social or academic functioning (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). While there is no known single major cause or cure for ADHD, early diagnosis and measurement-based care (i.e. clinical decision making based on treatment response data collected during treatment) can provide optimal environments and opportunities for children with ADHD and minimise or prevent its negative consequences to one’s life (NICE, 2018). However, clinicians in practice have reported that the dominance of subjectively rated treatment outcome measures limits measurement-based care for several reasons: difficulties in obtaining teacher reports, low test-retest reliability on subjective symptom questionnaires, and variability in the interpretation of impairment and QoL among parents, patients and teachers (Hall et al., 2016; Danckaerts et al., 2010). To overcome these challenges, supplementary valid, reliable and practical objective measures are required to enhance further clinical judgement in monitoring treatment response and improve treatment outcomes.",
CRD42022332393,What is the effect of physical activity on the quality of life's colorectal cancer survivors?,Assess the effect of physical activity on the quality of life's colorectal cancer survivors who had completed their treatment.,
CRD42024505815,"1. explores the mental well-being of academic professionals in Malaysia and the various factors that may influence their mental health.
2. This study may delve into stressors unique to the academic environment, such as work-related pressures, job demands, work-life balance, and institutional support systems.","This review aim to explores the mental well-being of academic professionals in Malaysia and the various factors that may influence their mental health. This study may delve into stressors unique to the academic environment, such as work-related pressures, job demands, work-life balance, and institutional support systems. Additionally, it could investigate how cultural and societal factors specific to Malaysia contribute to the mental health challenges faced by academicians. The research aims to shed light on the prevalence of mental health issues, identify key influencing factors, and propose potential strategies for improving the overall mental well-being of academicians in the Malaysian context.",
CRD42023471754,"The aim of this review is to identify and evaluate the relationship between psychopathy and alcohol use. The review will aim to accomplish this by answering one main and one secondary research question:
1) Is psychopathy a vulnerability factor for problematic alcohol use?
2) Do the lifestyle and antisocial features of psychopathy relate differently to alcohol use than the affective and interpersonal features?
It is unclear whether longitudinal studies include a post measure of psychopathy in order to examine the bidirectional relationship between psychopathy and alcohol use. However, if data is available to do so, we will also examine the following questions:
3) Is problematic alcohol use a vulnerability factor for psychopathy?
4) How are factor-level (i.e. lifestyle/antisocial vs. interpersonal/affective) psychopathy scores influenced by problematic alcohol use?
5) Is alcohol use both a vulnerability factor for psychopathy and a complication of psychopathy?","Psychopathy is a personality construct characterized by traits such as manipulation, callousness, shallow affect, need for stimulation, and poor behavioural controls (Hare, 2003). Psychopathy is commonly discussed in terms of interpersonal/affective features (Factor 1; shallow affect, grandiose, superficial, callous) and lifestyle/antisocial features (Factor 2; criminal versatility, juvenile delinquency, impulsivity, need for stimulation).
Problematic alcohol use refers to increased frequency of alcohol consumption, increased quantity of consumption, the presence of binge drinking, increased frequency of binge drinking, the presence of symptoms of Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) such as dependence, withdrawal, or alcohol related problems (e.g. alcohol use interferes in work or responsibilities), or increased severity of symptoms of AUD. This study is interested in the relationship between psychopathy and any of the above categorical or continuous indices of problematic alcohol use.",
CRD42024517927,"Review Question: In women who have experienced previous pregnancy loss, what is the evidence of the impact on the mother-foetus relationship in subsequent pregnancies?
The review will follow the PECOS framework, however this will not include a comparison criteria because we are interested in identifying all studies, regardless of comparison groups:
Population: Women who are pregnant
Exposure: a history of pregnancy loss
Outcome: Quality of relationship/attachment/bond with subsequent foetus during next pregnancy
Study type: Quantitative",Mother- foetus relationship.,
CRD42022368835,What is the prevalence of violence in patients diagnosed with First Episode Psychosis?,First Episode Psychosis is the first time that patients suffering from a psycotic illness first show signs of losing touch with reality often due to postive symptons such as hallucinations and delusions - Schizophrenia-spectrum disorders (schizophrenia and other psychoses),
CRD42023473068,"Do older adults with multimorbidity adopt digital technology to support self-management of their health?
What are the factors (i.e., barriers, facilitators and benefits) that influence the adoption of digital technology in older adults with multimorbidity to support self-management of their health?","Multimorbidity refers to a person in the presence of two or more long-term health conditions. A long-term condition also known as a chronic condition, is defined as a health problem that currently cannot be cured but can be controlled under medications or other rehibitions. Chronic conditions need ongoing management over a period of years. Examples of chronic conditions include diabetes, asthma, hypertension, arthritis, cancer and mental health conditions. According to the list of WHO (2016), patients with multimorbidity have a bigger risk of polypharmacy and poor medication adherence, larger needs for clear communication and patient-centred care, prioritising in self-management regimens and more vulnerability due to poor health, older age, and limited health literacy. Also, the study showed that Individuals with multimorbidity and chronic conditions are more likely to feel challenges in the health promotion-related tasks or situations, which leads them to be at a higher risk for inadequate health management (Wieczored et al, 2023).",
CRD42020173302,"What is the prevalence of children/adolescents identified as being at-risk of significant behavioral and/or emotional problems based on the results of school-based mental health screening? For those children/adolescents identified as being at-risk based on the school-based screening, what percentage initiate mental health services after the screening?",We are studying mental health disorders in children and adolescents. This includes a variety of internalizing and externalizing problems.,
CRD420251010919,Review Objectives:,"This review will include studies involving: All participants must be engaged in or receiving maternity care delivered in community-based settings. Community Care; Antenatal or Postnatal Care; Healthcare delivery Included interventions are those involving the delivery of maternity care services in non-clinical, community-based settings, such as libraries, community hubs, resource centres, or other accessible public spaces. These services may include but are not limited to: Interventions must occur outside traditional healthcare facilities and be directed at improving maternal health outcomes, access, or experience. This review will include qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-methods studies that report on the feasibility and/or acceptability of delivering maternity care in community-based settings. Eligible study designs may include:",The following study types will be excluded from this review:
CRD42024598838,To explore the best type and dose of exercise to intervene the sleep quality state of college students.,"Our study aims to explore the optimal type and dose of exercise for improving mental health in university students. The exercise interventions include aerobic activities, resistance training, and a combination of both (aerobic and resistance training). The primary outcomes assessed involve changes in mental health status. These parameters are evaluated both pre- and post-intervention to ascertain the effectiveness of exercise as a therapeutic tool in managing mental health issues among university students.",
CRD420251018697,"-Examine the impact of shift work on gut microbiota composition – Assess how rotating, night, and irregular shifts influence microbial diversity and gut health.","- Human studies – Only studies conducted on human participants will be included. - Shift workers – Participants must work rotating shifts, night shifts, or irregular work hours. - Adults (≥18 years old) – Only studies involving adult participants will be considered. - Studies analyzing gut microbiota – Research must focus on the relationship between shift work and gut microbiota alterations, including dysbiosis. - Original research – Only primary research articles (observational or interventional studies) will be included. - Full-text availability – Only studies with full-text access will be considered. Shift work; Dietary Regime; Health Promotion; Adult Care","- Non-human studies – Research conducted on animals or in vitro studies will be excluded. - Workers with fixed schedules – Individuals working only daytime shifts or with stable working hours will not be included. - Participants under 18 years old – Studies involving minors will be excluded. - Studies not analyzing the gut microbiota – Research focusing on other health aspects without assessing microbiota composition or dysbiosis will not be considered. - No full-text availability – Articles without full-text access will not be included in the review. - Reviews, editorials, and opinion pieces – Non-original research articles, such as systematic reviews, meta-analyses, letters to the editor, or commentaries, will be excluded."
CRD420251022433,The following question is asked: What is the effectiveness of animal-assisted therapy in pediatric patients with autism spectrum disorder?,Pediatric patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ages 3 to 14 and diagnosed). Animal-assisted Therapy PICO tags selected: Non-Pharmacological Interventions; Pharmacotherapy,"Pediatric patients (under 3 years of age), adult patients (over 14 years of age)."
CRD42018097339,"To summarise the types of remote technologies used for providing mental health support after acquired brain injury. 
To investigate the acceptability and feasibility of remote technologies in providing mental health support after acquired brain injury.","An acquired brain injury is defined in this review as: any physical damage done to the brain after birth. Acquired brain injury will be divided into two sections: traumatic brain injury and non-traumatic brain injury. There will be no exclusion criteria dependent upon time of intervention after brain injury. 
This review includes studies of participants using technologies for remote mental health support services, focusing on depression, anxiety and/or stress disorders after an acquired brain injury. Remote technologies providing mental health support services may include mental health promotion, preventation, management or treatments that aim to improve a patient’s quality of life after acquired brain injury. This review will also include indirect services such as remote mental health monitoring and data collection.",
CRD42024533590,"Review aim: to systematically review and methodologically assess studies that investigated mediators and mechanisms of change in Psychodynamic Internet-delivered Therapies for mental health disorders,
Review question: What mediators and mechanisms of change have been studied in Psychodynamic Internet-delivered Therapies for mental health disorders, and what have been the findings?",Mental health disorders/difficulties (including sub-threshold disorders and the prevention of mental health disorders),
CRD42020186013,"Drawing on evidence from academic and grey literature and from the knowledge and experience of stakeholders, how is co-design used in hospitals?
What are the components (contexts and mechanisms) that lead to ‘successful’ outcomes from co-design, defined as the development of interventions that are useable and acceptable to hospital staff and service users?
What supports or inhibits involvement in co-designing interventions in acute hospital settings from the perspective of the different stakeholders (hospital staff, vulnerable patient groups and their supporters)?","Co-design of interventions in hospitals with hospital staff, people living with dementia and family carers. Co-design is a method for creating solutions to service challenges by involving users (practitioners and patient and public representatives) to create acceptable and useable interventions.",
CRD42022384564,The aim is to review the effectiveness of group sanplay therapy among diverse population and diverse mental health.,"We focus on any mental health outcome that showed in articles，Including but not limited to internalizing symptoms（e.g.anxiety，depression， self-concept, somatic symptoms）and externalizing behavioral symptoms(e.g. social interactions, parent–child relationships, aggressive behavior or defiance).",
CRD42024575013,"RQ1: Which type of populations have been identified in depression and stress studies?
RQ2: What methodologies are employed in research on depression and stress?
RQ3: What types of wearables have been identified in research for different activities with depression and stress populations with ground truth value?
RQ4: How Cognitive Behavioral Therapy is applied to depression studies?","Depression, Stress and Cognitive Behavorial Therapy
Depression is a mood disorder characterized by melancholy and indifference in past work. It leads to various physical and cognitive symptoms, impacting one’s ability to function effectively in daily life. It impairs thinking, memory, eating, sleeping, and making decisions. Stressful life events may trigger depression, and chronic stressors can make depression worse. The brain responds to stress in a complex way that involves activating and inhibiting neurons related to sensory, motor, automatic, cognitive, and emotional processes. Cognitive-behavioral therapy(CBT) helps to change your perspective and approach, and focus on accomplishment of activities which are not performed. Other treatments for depression include diet and exercise, mental rehabilition, and lifestyle changes. Emotional stress can influence or be a symptom of depression[82]. When an individual experiences depression, anxiety or stress, heart rate and high blood pressure, blood flow to the heart decreases and body produces higher levels of cortisol, a stress hormone. Over time of these effects can lead to heart disease. Depression and anxiety can also develop after cardiac events, including heart problems, and stroke. It leads to various emotional and physical problems like changes in appetite and decreases your ability to function at work places.",
CRD420250595429,"The review has three broad research questions:1) What is the range of existing UK qualitative research conducted with Children and Young People (CYP) at risk of or involved in serious violence, how representative are these (e.g. geographical, social context, types of CYP and forms of violence, use of social media) and what are the gaps in the existing evidence? 2) What do CYP perceive to be the pathways and influences on their involvement in or desistance from serious violence? 3) What are CYP’s experiences of being involved in serious violence and how do these vary across different CYP, social contexts, geography and demographics?","The focus of this review is to explore how young people narrate their experiences of both becoming involved in serious interpersonal violence and choosing pathways enabling them to leave violence behind (desistance). We will examine how our findings align with existing theoretical models. Our starting point will be a social-ecological model that combines structural factors (macro-level) with cultural, social (meso-level), and individual psychological factors (micro-level). Inclusion criteria:• Young people aged 10-24 years who have been involved in, or are at risk of serious youth violence Inclusion criteria:• Primary qualitative studies conducted in the UK• Include first-hand accounts from CYP, aged 10 – 24, living in the UK, involved in or at risk of involvement in serious violence as previously defined, and/or their experiences of desistance.• Research published since 2000. Given the rapidly changing social, cultural and economic contexts over the last couple of decades this review will exclude literature published prior to 2000. Changes in the models of violent gangs have been noted and have been attributed to a range of factors including austerity, shifting immigration patterns, access to new and different types of weapons, impact on young people’s mental health following the COVID-19 pandemic (Children’s Commissioner, 2021; Densley et al., 2020; Harding, 2020; Pitts, 2020) Not applicable. This is a systematic review of qualitative studies.","• Studies not using qualitative design or not conducted in the UK • Studies that do not include experiences reported by CYP themselves • Studies where CYP are outside of the 10 – 24 age bracket • Studies that look at violence not covered in our working definition of serious youth violence • Studies where CYP were not involved in and not at risk of perpetrating serious violence • Studies not using qualitative design or not conducted in the UK • Studies that do not include experiences reported by CYP themselves • Studies where CYP are outside of the 10 – 24 age bracket • Studies that look at violence not covered in our working definition of serious youth violence • Studies where CYP were not involved in and not at risk of perpetrating serious violence We anticipate some studies may not align directly with our inclusion and exclusion criteria. For example, the study sample may include a wider age range than our focus age-groups. In these cases, we will assess based on whether the majority of the study population (&gt;50%) was in our age group, or if the mean age of the sample was, or if it is possible to disaggregate the findings by age group, we would include the study. Similarly, for studies that might have been conducted across several countries, we will adopt a similar strategy such that where findings have been reported by country or where the majority was in the UK, they would be included."
CRD42023463792,"How have the outcomes of evidence-based psychotherapeutic treatments for military sexual trauma, recognized by the Veterans Administration, been measured using experimental or quasi experimental methodologies?","Military Sexual Trauma, defined by the U.S. Code 1720D, as “physical assault of a sexual nature, battery of a sexual nature, or sexual harassment (unsolicited verbal or physical contact of a sexual nature which is threatening in character) which occurred while the former member of the Armed Forces was serving on duty, regardless of duty status or line of duty determination.”",
CRD42024503322,What is the efficacy and safety of Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation (tVNS) as a therapeutic intervention for individuals with Parkinson's Disease？,"Parkinson's disease (PD) refers to a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra region of the brain. This leads to a deficiency of dopamine, a neurotransmitter crucial for motor control. The disease is associated with a range of motor and non-motor symptoms, impacting both physical and cognitive functions. According to global estimates, PD affects millions of individuals, and in 2019, there is over 8.5 million individuals with PD. As the aging population continues to grow, the burden of PD on healthcare systems is expected to rise. Recent epidemiological studies have highlighted the need for increased awareness, early diagnosis, and comprehensive management strategies tailored to the specific challenges faced by individuals with PD in the Chinese population. The main symptoms of PD include tremors, bradykinesia (slowness of movement), rigidity, and postural instability. These motor symptoms contribute to difficulties in performing daily activities and significantly impact the quality of life for affected individuals. Additionally, non-motor symptoms such as cognitive impairment, mood disturbances, and autonomic dysfunction further compound the complexity of managing PD. Inclusion: Participants must be middle-aged and elderly individuals aged above 50 years old who have been diagnosed with Parkinson's Disease (PD) according to the diagnostic criteria set by the Movement Disorder Society (MDS). Individuals included may exhibit symptoms associated with PD, such as tremor, bradykinesia, muscle rigidity, postural instability, sleep disturbances, cognitive changes, autonomic dysfunctions, depression and anxiety, loss of smell, speech and swallowing difficulties, among others.Exclusion: Individuals with severe comorbidities, conditions, or illnesses other than Parkinson's Disease that may significantly impact the study outcomes or confound the interpretation of results; Participants with prior experience or exposure to transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation (tVNS) interventions, as this may introduce confounding variables; Individuals with a medical history or conditions that contradict the safety of tVNS, as determined by pre-existing health conditions or contraindications to the intervention; Participants with severe cognitive impairment or dementia that may interfere with the reliable assessment of cognitive outcomes; Individuals who are unable to provide informed consent due to cognitive impairment, psychiatric disorders, or any other reasons that compromise their ability to understand the study requirements. Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation (tVNS) is an innovative noninvasive medical treatment involving the delivery of electrical impulses to the vagus nerve. This intervention utilizes auricular vagus nerve stimulation in the ear (taVNS) and cervical vagus nerve stimulation in the neck (tcVNS) to induce changes in cerebral cortex activities and related neural biochemical markers. tVNS has shown promising results in treating various conditions such as intractable epilepsy, cluster headaches, depression, and stroke. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the interventions and exposures related to tVNS, with a particular focus on its potential as a treatment for Parkinson's Disease (PD). Inclusion Criteria:Studies assessing the impact of tVNS on cognitive function, mental health, physical fitness, and motor function in Parkinson's patients.Studies investigating the overall effects and safety of tVNS in Parkinson's patients.Exclusion Criteria:Studies not related to the impact of tVNS on cognitive, mental, physical, or motor functions in Parkinson's patients.Studies unrelated to the overall effects and safety of tVNS in Parkinson's patients. Inclusion: 1. Placebo: A group of Parkinson's Disease patients who don't receive any treatment. 2. Comparison interventions: A group of Parkinson's Disease patients who don't receive tVNS but receive other positive treatments like medication therapy, deep brain stimulation (DBS), physical therapy, cognitive training, speech therapy, exercise training, psychological support and therapy etc.Exclusion: PD patients who are currently undergoing transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS) treatment are excluded.",
CRD420250611984,"This systematic review will examine the prevalence, determinants, and experiences of mental health issues amongst Nigerian COVID-19 survivors using qualitative and quantitative methods. The dual technique will analyze these outcomes to understand COVID-19 survivors’ experiences and mental health. The quantitative component will use the PEO (Population, Exposure, Outcome) paradigm to gather and synthesize data on COVID-19 survivors’ mental health and experiences. Quantitative research is ideal for studying COVID-19’s psychological impact through statistical data, allowing for the measurement of the prevalence and causes of mental health issues within the PEO framework. For the qualitative component, the SPIDER (Sample, Phenomenon of Interest, Design, Evaluation, Research type) tool will be used. SPIDER is particularly suited for qualitative research because it focuses on capturing rich, detailed insights into the experiences and perspectives of COVID-19 survivors. This method offers a comprehensive analysis of qualitative studies on COVID-19 survivors’ mental health (Sample) and their determinants (Evaluation).","COVID-19; Mental disorder; Post-COVID syndrome Covid-19 and its effect on survivors, including their lived experiences. PEO Framework (Quantitative)Inclusion criteria• Studies focusing on COVID-19 survivors in Nigeria.• Research exploring experiences, perceptions, and impacts on mental health.• Qualitative designs (e.g., interviews, focus groups)SPIDER Framework (Qualitative)Inclusion criteria• Studies with COVID-19 survivors in Nigeria as the sample.• Quantitative measures of mental health conditions.• Observational studies, surveys, and other quantitative research designs Anxiety Counseling; Family Support; Telephone Follow-up Majorly lived experiences.","Exclusion criteria for the PEO Framework • Studies do not specifically address mental health outcomes. • Research outside the Nigerian context. • Non-empirical studies, opinion pieces, and editorials Exclusion criteria for the SPIDER Framework • Research does not involve COVID-19 survivors and is not specific to Nigeria. • Clinical trials or interventions. • Reviews, meta-analyses, and secondary analyses"
CRD420251005104,Which stress-response biomarkers are associated with maternal and or infant mental health outcomes from mother-infant dyads having undergone a mindfulness-based programme during pregnancy?,"Inclusion criteria: pregnant individuals experiencing psychosocial stress, depression and/or anxiety symptoms and undergoing a Mindfulness Based Programme as well as their offspring. Studies must include one or more clinical and biological measures of maternal and/or infant mental and physical health outcomes. All age groups and gestational ages during which the Mindfulness Based Programme is applied will be included.  Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction; Meditation ; Yoga Mindfulness Based Programme will include Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) for perinatal depression, Mindfulness-Based Childbirth and Parenting (MBCP) or Mind in Labour (shortened version of MBCP) programme. The programme components should include mindfulness, i.e. a mental state of increased awareness achieved by focusing one's attention on the present moment while acknowledging and accepting one's feelings, thoughts and bodily sensations. The mindfulness based programme under study was delivered by trained clinicians according to manualised protocols. The comparator group will include non-active or active standard childbirth education or antenatal treatment as usual without a mindfulness component. Inclusion criteria: - Either randomised or non-randomised controlled MBP trials, longitudinal or cross-sectional in nature, observational studies including both clinical and stress response biomarker outcomes. - Study participants undergoing a form of MBP during their pregnancy. - The study reports both a clinical and stress response biomarker outcome for either mother or infant.","Exclusion criteria: pregnant individuals with pre-existing severe maternal mental health disorders such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and borderline personality disorder will be excluded due to their persistent nature. Individuals with pregnancy related physical complications such as preeclampsia, eclampsia, known genetic disorders e.g. mother and/or baby with cystic fibrosis / chromosomal aneuploidy preeclampsia placental complications, recreational drug use during pregnancy and gestational diabetes will be excluded due to the potential physiological alterations during pregnancy. Exclusion criteria: - Studies investigating pharmacotherapy/MBP combination therapy. - Any studies focusing exclusively on paternal mental health - Studies with an absence of a MBP. - Absence of measured maternal and/or infant clinical or biological stress-related outcomes. - Thesis, abstract/ conference abstracts, case reports/series only reports where full text is not available and grey literature (e.g. non-peer reviewed reports) will be excluded. Review, animal studies or non-English articles."
CRD420250652128,"What is the role of the architectural environment in mitigating the physical, psychological, cognitive, emotional, behavioral, and psychophysiological effects of isolation in space habitats (including analogs), secure facilities, and other extreme environments?- Effectiveness Question (Quantitative Focus): How does living in isolated and extreme environments (ICEs) compared to non-ICE environments impact physical, psychological, cognitive, emotional, behavioral, and psychophysiological outcomes in human adults?- Experiential/Qualitative Question (Qualitative Focus): What are the lived experiences, psychological adaptations, and perceived experiences of isolation in extreme environments among individuals who have undergone such experiences?","Social Isolation ; Sensory Stimulation; Sensory Deprivation Isolation This review focuses on mental health and well-being in individuals exposed to isolation in extreme environments, such as space habitats, analog research stations, and secure facilities; where prolonged isolation can lead to heightened stress, anxiety, depression, and other challenges. By examining architectural environmental strategies that potentially mitigate these negative effects, the review addresses how built environments can affect physical, psychological, cognitive, emotional, behavioral, and psychophysiological well-being in settings inherently unsuited to human biology. Human adults 18+ who have ever experienced isolation in extreme environments.Examples include astronauts, Antarctic expedition members, residents in space analogues, submariners, people incarcerated in secure environments. The quantitative component of this review will consider studies that evaluate various isolated and extreme environments, including space habitats, polar stations, submarines, secure facilities, and analogous simulations.To ensure a comprehensive and high-quality analysis, the review will include studies conducted in both high- and middle-income countries. Research from low-income countries will be excluded due to potential political and socio-economic factors that may impact the reliability and consistency of the findings.",
CRD42024549986,"Aim 1: To quantify rates of suicide among survivors of childhood cancer compared to controls
Aim 2: To quantify sociodemographic, clinical and psychosocial predictors of suicidality among survivors of childhood cancer","Currently, there are over 300, 000 survivors of pediatric cancer in North America. This number is expected to reach over 500, 000 by the year 2020.1 Despite increased survivor rates, survivors of childhood cancer are plagued by significant morbidity and mortality. By 50 years of age, nearly 100% of survivors develop chronic health conditions, many of which are disabling or life-threatening and can lead to premature mortality. Common late effects among survivors of childhood cancer include secondary malignant neoplasms, cardiac issues, pulmonary changes, obesity-related health problems and endocrine dysfunction, sexual dysfunction and infertility, and neurocognitive impairment. Mental health difficulties have also been well established, including depression and anxiety.",
CRD420250642698,"What is the efficacy of dupilumab in improving EASI, SCORAD, and IGA scores in children with atopic dermatitis?How does dupilumab treatment affect the quality of life (CDLQI, POEM) in pediatric patients?","Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, relapsing inflammatory skin condition affecting up to 20% of children worldwide, with increasing prevalence. It is characterized by skin barrier dysfunction, type 2 immune dysregulation, and significant comorbidities, including asthma, allergic rhinitis, and mental health disorders such as anxiety and ADHD. Pediatric AD imposes a substantial burden on quality of life, with impacts on sleep and social interactions.Traditional treatments for moderate-to-severe pediatric AD, such as topical corticosteroids, calcineurin inhibitors, and systemic immunosuppressants, often have limited long-term efficacy and safety. Dupilumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting the IL-4 receptor α subunit, offers a novel mechanism of action by inhibiting IL-4/IL-13 signaling. While clinical trials have shown its efficacy in reducing disease severity and improving quality of life, real-world evidence (RWE) in pediatric populations remains scarce.This study aims to address these gaps by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis, integrating data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and RWE studies. The primary focus is to assess treatment response rates (EASI, SCORAD, CDLQI, POEM) and safety profiles, providing robust evidence to guide clinical decision-making and optimize dupilumab use in pediatric AD. This study focuses on children aged ≤12 years diagnosed with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis who demonstrated an inadequate response to or were unsuitable for topical therapies. Eligible participants are those receiving dupilumab at any dosage or duration. Inclusion criteria: - Pediatric patients aged ≤12 years. - Diagnosed with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis. - Participants treated with dupilumab, either alone or alongside standard care. Exclusion criteria:- Studies including mixed-age populations without separate pediatric data. - Studies lacking relevant outcomes such as efficacy (EASI-50/75/90, IGA, SCORAD), quality of life (CDLQI, POEM), or safety (treatment-emergent adverse events, TEAEs). - Conference abstracts, letters, editorials, and other non-peer-reviewed literature. By focusing on this population, the study aims to evaluate dupilumab's efficacy, safety, and impact on quality of life, providing comprehensive evidence from both randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and real-world studies. The intervention under investigation is dupilumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody targeting the IL-4 receptor α subunit (IL-4Rα). Dupilumab specifically inhibits IL-4/IL-13 signaling, addressing the underlying type 2 inflammatory pathway in atopic dermatitis. Intervention details:- Population: Children aged ≤12 years with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis. - Dupilumab usage: Includes any dosage and duration of treatment. - Study inclusion: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with dupilumab compared to placebo, standard care, or no treatment, and real-world studies without a comparator requirement. This study examines dupilumab's efficacy, safety, and quality of life impact in pediatric populations, integrating data from RCTs and real-world evidence. Outcomes assessed include EASI-50/75/90, IGA, SCORAD, CDLQI, POEM, and treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs). P (Population): Pediatric patients with atopic dermatitis. I (Intervention): Treatment with dupilumab.  C (Comparison):  Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs): Placebo, standard care (e.g., topical therapies or systemic treatments), no treatment. Real-World Studies (RWS): No specific comparator requirement. O (Outcome):  Clinical efficacy outcomes: EASI-50, EASI-75, EASI-90, IGA, SCORAD. Quality of life measures: CDLQI, POEM. Safety outcomes: Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs).",
CRD420251016272,"How the attitudes, beliefs, and stigma about mental illness or disorders, knowledge about mental disorder, help-seeking including facilitator and barrier in Indonesia","The inclusion criteria for this review were that the study had to investigate at least one of the components of mental health literacy namely a) attitudes and beliefs about mental illness or disorders b) stigma, c) knowledge about mental disorders, d) help-seeking. another inclusion criteria is the subject or respondent comes from Indonesian population, all ages, with english article Mental Health Review; Mental health services utilization; Seeking assistance This review focuses on attitudes, beliefs, and stigma about mental illness or disorders, knowledge about mental disorder, help-seeking including facilitator and barrier, and future recomendation for research and intervention of mental health literacy.  Quantitative study: Randomised (Randomized Controlled Trials) and Non randomised : cohort studies, case-control studies, cross-sectional studies, case series, and ecological studies Qualitative study",
CRD42018091479,"What is the role of migrant status in being recognized as ultra-high risk for psychosis, and what is the rate of transition into psychosis for this population?","The ultra high risk (UHR) phenotype is a risk factor for the future onset of psychotic disorder. It is defined by attenuated psychotic symptoms at subthreshold symptom intensity, brief intermittent psychotic symptoms or risk factors such as family history.",
CRD42024597702,"Does exposure to nature based mindfulness activities improve mental health outcomes (depression, anxiety and stress) for people with chronic health conditions?
Is exposure to nature-based mindfulness activities associated with improvements in mental health outcomes (depression, anxiety and stress) for people with chronic health conditions?","Mental and physical chronic health and wellbeing.
At present there is no consensus regarding the definition of chronic illness. Bernell & Howard (2016) review on nomenclature of chronic illness and associated definitions suggest that a ‘chronic disease' should be something which is “continuing again and again for a long time”.
As it is not feasible to include all chronic illness within the scope of our review, and there is no consensus on what this would include, our study seeks to focus the prevalent conditions as defined by the NHS Quality and Outcomes Framework (2022) and the Scottish Health Survey (2022).",
CRD420250586770,"How does vestibular dysfunction contribute to the clinical manifestations of schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder, and what are the potential mechanisms underlying these effects?",Domain: Severe mental disorderIndividuals diagnosed to have Schizophrenia and Bipolar 1 disorder and the vestibular dysfunctions associated with them will be reviewed in this study. Inclusion Criteria:subjective or objective vestibular evaluation in adults with schizophrenia and Bipolar 1 disorder (as as per ICD 11 criteria)Exclusion Criteria:● Other Axis 1 disorders including substance dependence except nicotine dependence● Evidence of organic brain disorder or neurological disorder and intellectual disability Vestibular Function Test,
CRD42021252124,"1. What is the outcome for schizophrenia after at least 20 years of diagnosis?
2. What characterizes social function after 20 years?
3. What characterizes psychopathology after 20 years?
4. What are the predictors for good outcome?
5. Is there a variation in outcome between the studies?
6. What are the morbidity and suicide-rate?
7. Can there be drawn any lines, patterns or themes to describe the lives of schizophrenics after 20 years?
8. Are there any changes in outcome between 10 and 20 years?","Schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, non-affective psychosis, non organic psychosis.",
CRD420250645620,"1) ""Which paths to access preventive measures for enhancing the physical health of women during the preconception period are discussed in the scientific literature?”2) ""How is the feasibility of different ways for accessing preventive measures evaluated?""3) “Which preventive measures exist to promote the physical health of women during the preconception period, what are their key characteristics, and how were they designed?”","Preventive measures during preconception care Women of childbearing age ≥ 18 years, healthcare professionals (e.g. doctors, nurses, midwives, pharmacists), scientific experts or community leaders, who work with women of childbearing age. Access to preventive measures that focus on prevention, access to preventive measures that focus primarily on physical health, access to preventive measures that are carried out in the pre-conceptual phase, information on barriers or facilitators of access to interventions.","Women under the age of 18 years, pre-existing chronic conditions (e.g. diabetes mellitus, HIV, depression), currently pregnant. No information on access to preventive measures included, only mental health considered, access to healthy lifestyle promotion without focus on potential pregnancy, interventions focusing on healthcare professionals, scientific experts or community leaders without reference to women of childbearing age."
CRD42023430168,"1) What are the effects of school-based mindfulness interventions on the mental health outcomes of middle school students? Is there a difference in outcomes based on study design, including i) Pre/post VS control group and ii) clinical VS non-clinical population?
2) What pattern of coverage of the CFM is observed in school-based mindfulness interventions for middle school students?
3) What are the outcomes of school-based mindfulness interventions on middle school students, according to the CFM model? Is the magnitude of outcomes different for each model domain, i.e., attitude VS cognition VS ontology? Furthermore, are there differences in outcomes based on study design, including i) Pre/post VS control group and ii) clinical VS non-clinical population?","Mindfulness (ie., attitude, cognition, ontology) and mental health outcomes (i.e., depression, anxiety, stress or wellbeing) in children",
CRD42024525014,"Do the expected associations of physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep (24-hour movement behaviour) with multimorbidity, persist in Africa?","Multimorbidity, defined the co-existance of two or more chronic health conditions in the same individual, each of which is either a physical non-communicable disease of long duration, a mental health condition of long duration, or an infectious disease of long duration.",
CRD42023465808,"(1) What mental health problems does the frequency of DTA use reveal in young people?
(2) What is the reflection of the risky use of DTA on the psychosocial processes of young people?
(3) What is the meaning of DTA use among young people?
(4) How are the indicators shaped to understand the processes in which DTA use negatively affects mental health?
(5) What are the recommendations for promoting healthy digital media use among young people?","Problematic use of digital tools and applications opens the door to crucial mental health problems such as psychological damage such as expressing themselves, regulating social relations, and regulating their emotions",
CRD420251022188,"The goal of this Qualitative Evidence Synthesis is to bring together research that highlights the lived experiences of women dealing with mental health challenges during and after pregnancy. We want to explore how social factors—like access to care, income, family support, and cultural influences—affect women's mental well-being in this critical time. By focusing on personal stories from qualitative studies, we aim to gain a deeper understanding of the unique struggles women face, beyond just the numbers. This review will not only help fill in gaps in our knowledge but also provide valuable insights that can improve healthcare practices and policies, ensuring better support for women during pregnancy and postpartum.","Primary Population (Target Group): ✅ Pregnant and postpartum women (up to one year after childbirth) in sub-Saharan Africa experiencing: Depression (including postpartum depression)  Anxiety and stress-related disorders  Other maternal mental health conditions  ✅ Women with lived experiences of depression screening (those who have undergone or avoided screening due to various barriers)  ✅ Women from diverse socio-economic, cultural, and geographical backgrounds (urban, rural, marginalized communities)  Secondary Population (Key Stakeholders): To provide a broader perspective, consider including: ✅ Healthcare providers (midwives, nurses, doctors, community health workers) involved in maternal mental health screening and care. ✅ Traditional healers and informal support networks (e.g., family, community leaders, faith-based organizations). ✅ Policy makers and program implementers working on maternal mental health policies in sub-Saharan Africa.   possible outcomes will be : 1. Anxiety, depression, postpartum depression, stress, or other mental health challenges faced by mothers in sub-Saharan Africa : 2.Social Determinants of Maternal Mental Health: Socioeconomic status (poverty, employment, education).  Access to healthcare and mental health services.  Cultural beliefs and stigma surrounding maternal mental health.  Family and community support systems.  Gender roles and expectations. 3.Health System and Policy Interventions:  Availability and accessibility of maternal mental health services.  Role of midwives, community health workers, and traditional healers.  Government and non-governmental programs addressing maternal mental health.","Inclusion Criteria: Studies focusing on maternal mental health and lived experiences of women in any sub-Saharan African country. Research covering social determinants of maternal mental health (e.g., stigma, poverty, access to care).  Studies exploring depression screening experiences and barriers in maternal healthcare settings.  Exclusion Criteria: Studies outside sub-Saharan Africa.  Clinical trials focusing solely on pharmaceutical interventions.  Studies not using qualitative methods or qualitative components (e.g., purely statistical analyses)."
CRD42024561526,"P (Population): Adolescents with depression.
Research Question: What are the characteristics of the neural mechanisms involved in reward processing among adolescents with depression?
I (Intervention): Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) and Electroencephalography (EEG) methodologies.
Research Question: What differences in neural activity associated with reward processing can be identified in adolescents with depression when using fMRI and EEG methodologies?
E (Exposure): Reward processing.
Research Question: How do the neural activities related to reward anticipation and feedback differ between adolescents with depression and healthy adolescents?
C (Comparison): Comparison between normal and depressed adolescents.
Research Question: What are the differences in neural activity during reward processing between adolescents with depression and their non-depressed peers?
O (Outcome): Relationship between abnormal reward processing and depression.
Research Question: Is there a relationship between abnormalities in reward processing and the development and severity of depression in adolescents?
S (Study design): Meta-analysis.
Research Question: Can a meta-analysis synthesize existing research to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the neural mechanisms of reward processing in adolescent depression?
E (Effect): The effect of interventions or exposures.
Research Question: If there is an intervention, how does it affect the neural activity related to reward processing in adolescents with depression?","Depression is a common mental health disorder characterized by persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and a lack of interest or pleasure in activities. It can affect a person's thoughts, emotions, behavior, and overall health, leading to various emotional and physical problems. Symptoms may include depressed mood, loss of interest in daily activities, changes in appetite, sleep disturbances, feelings of worthlessness or guilt, difficulty concentrating, and recurrent thoughts of death or suicidal ideation. Depression can be caused by a combination of genetic, biological, environmental, and psychological factors. It is a serious but treatable condition, and early diagnosis and intervention can significantly improve outcomes. The healthcare domain of depression encompasses a wide range of interventions, including psychotherapy, pharmacotherapy, and lifestyle modifications, aimed at managing symptoms and improving the quality of life for individuals affected by this condition.",
CRD42022369194,"The present meta-analysis has two aims. First, I will explore the magnitude of the effect of racism in pre-k through 12th-grade educational contexts as demonstrated by experimental examinations. I will explore publication bias. I will also explore the following moderators: 1) specific perpetrator (e.g., peer, teacher, counselor, principal), 2) BIPOC target (e.g., Black, Asian, Latina/o/e, Native), 3) region of the US, 4) the five experimental techniques, and 5) type of elicited response (i.e., participant’s direct response, participant’s vicarious response).","The health domain being examined is racism as it occurs in pre-K through 12th-grade contexts. Research on racism (Estrada & Hondagneu-Sotelo, 2011; Hardie & Tyson, 2013; Seaton & Iida, 2019; Wang & Yip, 2020; Zeiders, 2017) has demonstrated its negative impact on the physical and mental health of Black, Indigenous and people of color (BIPOC) as well as impacts on academic trajectories (Benner & Graham, 2013; Chavous et al., 2008; Crengle et al., 2012; Priest et al., 2013; Seaton & Yip, 2009).",
CRD420251016875,"RationaleGeneralized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is a prevalent and impairing condition, yet the comparative effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and pharmacotherapy remains debated. While both are first-line treatments, previous meta-analyses have not incorporated machine learning techniques to identify predictors of treatment response. This review integrates meta-analysis with machine learning to evaluate which treatment is more effective and to uncover key factors—such as dropout rates and therapy format—that influence outcomes. By doing so, it aims to advance precision psychiatry and support more personalized treatment planning for GAD.","Population Inclusion CriteriaAdults (≥18 years) diagnosed with Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) based on DSM-IV or DSM-5 criteria.Participants enrolled in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) directly comparing Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) with pharmacotherapy (SSRIs, SNRIs, or benzodiazepines).Studies with a minimum treatment duration of 8 weeks.Primary outcome measured using validated anxiety scales (e.g., Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale [HAM-A], GAD-7). Intervention Inclusion CriteriaStudies must evaluate manualized Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) delivered via face-to-face, group, or internet-based formats.Pharmacotherapy must involve standard first-line medications for GAD, including Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs), Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs), or benzodiazepines.Studies must include a clearly defined treatment protocol, with a minimum duration of 8 weeks for both CBT and pharmacotherapy arms.Trials must provide quantitative pre- and post-treatment outcomes using validated anxiety symptom scales.","Population Exclusion CriteriaParticipants with comorbid severe psychiatric disorders (e.g., schizophrenia, bipolar disorder) where GAD was not the primary diagnosis.Studies involving children or adolescents (<18 years).Trials lacking direct comparison between CBT and pharmacotherapy.Studies with incomplete outcome data or non-validated anxiety measures.Non-randomized trials, case reports, and observational studies. Intervention/Exposure Exclusion CriteriaStudies using non-standardized or unstructured psychotherapy approaches (e.g., supportive therapy, psychodynamic therapy not clearly defined as CBT).Pharmacological interventions involving experimental, off-label, or non-recommended medications for GAD.Combined treatment arms (e.g., CBT + medication vs. medication alone) where the individual effects of CBT and pharmacotherapy cannot be isolated.Interventions with a treatment duration less than 8 weeks.Studies lacking sufficient data to calculate effect sizes or without baseline and follow-up outcome measures."
CRD42025641863,Whether there is cultural adaptation done for the online interventions for mental health disorders and what are the drop-out rates in these studies?,"Our systematic review focuses on examining the cultural adaptation of online mental health interventions in non-Western countries (non- WEIRD) and its impact on drop-out rates. It explores how these interventions are tailored to align with cultural contexts, including adaptations to language, content, delivery methods. The review investigates drop-out rates as a key outcome to understand their effectiveness in improving participant retention. It also examines barriers to engagement, such as lack of cultural relevance, internet accessibility while analyzing variations in drop-out rates across diverse non-Western regions. By synthesizing these findings, the review aims to provide insights into best practices for cultural adaptation, identify gaps in research, and offer recommendations for designing more accessible and engaging online mental health interventions tailored to the unique needs of non-Western populations. People with a non-western cultural background differing from the initial target group (western population) of the intervention and above 18 years of age. This systematic review focuses on online mental health interventions adapted for non-Western populations, with clearly defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. 1) Eligible interventions must be Internet-, computer-, or mobile-based to address mental health problems, including depression, anxiety, or trauma. 2) They must also be culturally adapted for the target group to align with the population's cultural context. 3) The target population includes adults aged 18 years or older from non-Western cultural backgrounds that differ from the original intervention’s target group. 4) Only Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) published in peer-reviewed English-language journals within the last 10 years are included, with no restrictions on the type of setting (e.g., rural, urban, clinical, or non-clinical). Exclusion Criteria: 1) Interventions that lack cultural adaptation, 2) target individuals under 18, or are 3) non-digital are excluded, as are observational studies, case reports, qualitative studies, and 4) articles not published in English or outside the 10-year timeframe. By adhering to these criteria, the review will evaluate the impact of cultural adaptations on reducing drop-out rates and the overall effectiveness of these interventions.",
CRD42022360701,"P:Subjects who were diagnosed with gaming Internet gaming disorder (IGD) to any valid clinical diagnostic criteria or scale will be included. There is no restriction on age, sex, race, or region of the enrolled participants.
I:","Internet addiction, public mental health",
CRD42024535966,"RQ1: How is wellbeing and social support conceptualized in the studies?
RQ2: What are the factors that affect wellbeing in the studies ？","Mental Health
Definition: Mental health refers to the state of our emotional, psychological, and social well-being. It affects how we think, feel, and act as we cope with life. It also helps determine how we handle stress, relate to others, and make choices.
Wellbeing
Definition: Well-being generally refers to an individual's overall experience of quality of life and happiness. It encompasses physical, mental, and emotional health, but also includes aspects of life satisfaction, sense of purpose, and fulfillment.",
CRD420251009043,"To assess the factors influencing knowledge, attitudes, and use of ENDS among youth by examining individual, interpersonal, organizational, and societal determinants.","Study Period: Published articles between January 1, 2015, and June 15, 2023. Study Design: Included cross-sectional, cohort, case-control studies, and systematic reviews if they assessed factors related to ENDS use among youth. Population: Studies conducted on youth aged 15–24 years. Factors Assessed: Studies examining socio-economic, health, behavioral, knowledge, and attitude-related factors influencing ENDS use. Prevalence Data: Studies reporting ENDS prevalence and/or at least one associated factor. Language: Only English-language studies will be included. Electronic cigarettes; Harm reduction; Determination Of Knowledge Level; Nicotine Cross-sectional, cohort, case-control studies, and systematic reviews that examined socio-economic, health, and other factors influencing ENDS use among youth and reported prevalence or at least one associated factor.","Study Population: Studies focusing on individuals outside the 15–24 years age range (e.g., children, older adults). Study Type: Non-human studies (e.g., animal or cell-based research). Qualitative-only studies without statistical analysis of factors associated with ENDS use. Editorials, opinion pieces, conference proceedings, and commentaries. Language: Studies not published in English. Non-English studies, animal/cell-based research, qualitative studies, conference proceedings, editorial comments, and studies not focused on youth will be excluded."
CRD42023438697,"Poor mental state predisposes older people to other physical and psychological disorders, and it is therefore necessary to explore the role of Traditional Chinese mind-body exercise as an intervention for mental state. Traditional Chinese mind-body exercise is one of the most effective and inexpensive treatments for anxiety and depression, especially for the elderly, and has attracted widespread attention in improving the mental state of the elderly. However, there is no systematic review comparing the effects of different Traditional Chinese mind-body exercise on the effects of anxiety and depression in older adults. The aim of this network meta-analysis was to analyses the effects of different Traditional Chinese mind-body exercise on interventions for anxiety and depression symptoms in older adults.","Depression is a major mental health issue Worldwide, depression is second only to heart disease in its impact on disability-adjusted life years .Depression may increase medical morbidity and mortality, reduce quality of life, and raise health care costs.Although anxiety occurs in all age groups, it is a common disorder of ageing and is more debilitating in older people. Older people are more prone to stress and anxiety due to loss or lowering of self-esteem, reduced activities and stimulation, loss of friends and relatives, loss of physical independence and chronic illness.",
CRD42024617081,"1. What are the best learning techniques for sexual and reproductive health education for young youth?
2. What appropriate domains/contents (needs, priorities, diversity) for sexual and reproductive health education modules for young youth?
3. What determines the effectiveness of sexual and reproductive health education for young youth on SRH literacy and preventing sexual risk intention?
4. What are the challenges and barriers in implementing sexual and reproductive health education, training and service for youth?
5. What is the recommended approach to encourage participation of youth in sexual and reproductive health intervention?
PICOC strategy description:
P (Population): Young youth (15-24 years)
Inclusion criteria: (1)Studies involving young youth aged 15-24 years; (2)Interventions categorized as sexual and reproductive health education; (3)Research conducted in urban or rural settings; (4)Intervention was conducted for the past 5 years (2019-2024); and (5)Information retrieved from journal database (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Advance Google Scholar), organization website, and reports/guideline/module.
Exclusion criteria: Not published in English or Malay Language, those that did not specifically address sexual and reproductive health education, and articles that were review paper
I (Intervention): Sexual and reproductive health education
C (Comparison): Conventional method in delivering SRH education
O (Outcomes): SRH literacy and preventing sexual risk intention
C (Context): Community based and institutional based of self-learning package or competency skill training on SRH","This systematic review on sexual and reproductive health education for youth, addresses the sexual and reproductive health literacy and sexual intention of youth, encompasses a broad spectrum of topics, including understanding human anatomy, the importance of consent, the prevention of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and the implications of unwanted pregnancies. With the increasing rates of STIs and unintended pregnancies among adolescents, effective sexual health education is essential to empower young individuals to make informed decisions about their bodies and relationships.
The review will explore various educational approaches in delivering sexual and reproductive health education for youth, includes workshops, peer-led discussions, multimedia resources, and online platforms. Additionally, this review will analyze the content of each education module, focusing on how well they address the diverse needs of youth.
This review contribute to the understanding on how effective sexual and reproductive health education can lead to improved health outcomes for youth. This review will highlight successful strategies and areas for improvement in education aims to provide valuable insights for educators, policymakers, and healthcare providers, facilitating the development of comprehensive programs that equip young people with the knowledge and skills necessary for healthy sexual development and decision-making.",
CRD420250648497,What is the Role of Tadalafil in the Management of Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome?,"Chronic Prostatitis, Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome. Male patients diagnosed with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) (as diagnosed using any recognised diagnostic criteria). Studies where CP/CPPS is the primary condition being treated. Tadalafil as an intervention, regardless of dosage or duration, administered as mono-therapy or in combination with other treatments, under any mode of administration. Placebo-controlled studies. Studies comparing tadalafil to other pharmacological interventions such as, Alpha-blockers, 5-alpha reductase inhibitors, and other PDE5 inhibitors.Studies comparing tadalafil to non-pharmacological interventions, such as Pelvic floor physiotherapy, psychological interventions and lifestyle modifications. Studies comparing different doses/durations of tadalafil.","Studies of paediatric or adolescent populations (less than 18 years old). Studies where tadalafil is used for conditions other than CP/CPPS. Studies that use other phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (e.g., sildenafil, vardenafil) without tadalafil. single-arm observational studies, studies comparing tadalafil to combination therapies where tadalafil is not a component."
CRD42021255815,"What are the specific cognitive heuristics and biases which affect the work of Psychologists in roles of neuropsychology, clinical counseling, forensic and consulting work.",Effects of cognitive bias on clinical and diagnostic work of psychologists,
CRD420250494528,How is the mental health disorder of the birthing parent connected to the experience of motherhood?,"Mental disorder; Perinatal Period; Antenatal or Postnatal Care; Parenting Mental health disorder of the birthing parent during antenatal, perinatal and postnatal period. Inclusion: Birthing parents with mental disorder on antenatal, perinatal or postnatal period. Maternal experience Language restriction (English) is used as admission criteria. Time limit from 2018 to the year 2024. The material's intake criteria is the implemented peer review to ensure the quality of the research articles. Only original articles, not reviews, are included in the research material. However, the reviews are not limited outside the search, so that the limitation does not cause material loss. Research articles in other languages and older than 5 years are excluded from the material. The availability check is kept separate from the search.","Exclusion: Children and the other parent in the family. The study examined the relationship between mental health disorders and the experience of motherhood. Therefore, articles that focused solely on the experiences of the newborn child or other adults in the family regarding the birthing parent's mental health disorder were not included in the review. Additionally, articles that addressed the mental health disorder of the birthing parent and its treatment from the perspectives of healthcare professionals, social workers, or third-sector actors were not included in the review."
CRD42023455437,"What are the risk and protective factors for suicide and suicidality among young people affected by HIV?
How do the identified risk and protective factors influence suicide and suicidality among young people affected by HIV?",Suicide and suicidality among young people affected by HIV,
CRD42024517065,The aims of this systematic review:1.To investigate the participation of glutamate AMPA and kainate receptors to the neurobiology of bipolar disorder.2.To examine the relevance of glutamate AMPA and kainate receptors to the mechanism of action of currently recommended medications for the treatment of bipolar disorders as per Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments (CANMAT) Clinical Guidelines for Bipolar Disorders (Yatham et al 2018).,"This systematic review focuses on the potential role of glutamate AMPA and kainate receptors in the neurobiology of bipolar disorders and the medications used in their treatment. For in-vivo studies, population will include individuals with bipolar disorder or animals with a depression or mania model. For in-vitro studies, population will include cell models of neurons, cultured neurons, single bouton preparations and/or brain and spinal cord tissue slices. Intervention will either be the presence of a bipolar disorder with no limitation on mood state or the exposure to the medications used in the treatment of bipolar disorders in accordance with CANMAT guidelines. Comparator/control groups will either be free of bipolar disorder or will not be exposed to the current medications used in the treatment of bipolar disorders in line with CANMAT guidelines.",
CRD42025637151,"What is the relationship and prevalence of sexual dysfunction during lactation?
What physical, emotional, psychological, and social effects does lactation have on sexual function?
What types of sexual dysfunction do women experience during lactation?","This systematic review focuses on sexual function during breastfeeding. It explores how breastfeeding affects sexual function in women, including the physical, emotional, psychological, and social impacts. The review aims to assess the prevalence and types of sexual dysfunctions during breastfeeding and to understand the various factors influencing sexual well-being in postpartum women. This domain is crucial for improving maternal health outcomes and supporting sexual health during the breastfeeding period.",
CRD42025636193,"Population: Patients diagnosed with gastrointestinal cancer .
Intervention/Exposure: Exploration of factors (demographic, clinical, psychosocial, geographic, cultural).
Comparison: NA.
Outcomes: Suicidal ideation, mental health outcomes.
Study design: observational studies","Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers are common and often result in significant psychological distress. Patients with GI cancers, particularly those undergoing treatment, are at higher risk for mental health issues, including suicidal ideation (SI). Factors such as disease stage, treatment type, psychological strain, and demographic characteristics can influence mental health outcomes. Despite growing recognition of these challenges, there is limited understanding of the specific factors contributing to SI and poor mental health in these patients. This systematic review aims to identify these factors and provide insights for developing targeted interventions to improve the mental well-being of patients with GI cancers",
CRD420251024259,The current systematic review aims to draw together evidence on the experience of community mental health staff providing therapeutic support to people who self-harm (SH).,"Community mental health staff e.g., counsellors, psychotherapists, community mental health nurses Support Providing therapeutic support to adults who self-harm All qualitative research designs. Mixed designs where qualitative findings can be extracted","Inpatient/ambulance staff, medical community staff e.g., GPs, prison staff Supporting individuals with another difficulty/ particular diagnosis e.g., suicide attempt, BPD or specific groups e.g., children, older adults Non-qualitative research designs i.e., quantitative only or mixed method designs where qualitative findings cannot be extracted"
CRD420251013918,To compare the effects of low-intensity exercise with other exercise levels in post-stroke patients using a meta-analysis approach,"Patients aged 18 years, diagnosed with stroke within the past 1 month, and able to walk at least 10 meters Low-intensity exercise PICO tags selected: Moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity",
CRD42022345996,Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) constitution conditioning offers a vital intervention to prevent the development of functional constipation.This review will explore the distribution of TCM constitution types in functional constipation and provide information for preventing and treating functional constipation by modifying the constitution.,"Functional constipation is a functional bowel disease that excludes organic causes. The main clinical manifestations of functional constipation are reduced stool frequency (usually three times a week), dry stool or persistent difficulty, and frequent or incomplete excretion. Long duration, easy recurrence, and poor effect after repeated treatment will affect patients’ quality of life. And severe constipation affects people’s physical and mental health.
In recent years, clinical research on functional constipation has studied epidemiology, etiology, pathogenesis, syndrome differentiation, and treatment of constipation. However, from the perspective of TCM, it is not systematic and comprehensive to explore the possible correlation between the syndrome of functional constipation and the TMC constitution. Therefore, the study of the distribution of TCM constitution types in patients with functional constipation provides a reference for clinical prevention and treatment.",
CRD42021276301,P：Patients with endometriosis；I：nine kinds of Traditional Chinese Medicine Constitution；C：People without endometriosis；O：the Association between endometriosis and Traditional Chinese Medicine Constitution；S：Case control study or Cross sectional study,"Endometriosis (EMS) is an endocrine disease characterized by pain (including chronic pelvic pain, secondary dysmenorrhea, sexual intercourse pain, etc.), infertility, chronic pelvic adhesion, menstrual disorder, non uterine bleeding, nodules and masses. The incidence rate of endometriosis in the growth period is 10%, the incidence rate of infertility is 50%[1], although endometriosis is benign gynecologic disease, it has the characteristics of malignant growth such as growth, invasion, metastasis and high recurrence. It is known as benign cancer. The risk of malignant transformation is related to endometriosis, which can develop into cancer, which is closely related to ovarian cancer [2] It has seriously affected women's physical and mental health and quality of life. At present, the pathogenesis is not clear. Western medicine mainly uses surgery and hormone drugs [3], which shows clinical efficacy. At the same time, there are inevitable risks of surgical complications, adverse reactions of hormone drugs, easy recurrence after drug withdrawal and so on. TCM theory has certain advantages in the field of prevention and treatment of endometriosis. It can effectively improve clinical symptoms, improve pregnancy rate and control local lesions. It has the advantages of rapid effect, low recurrence rate and stable long-term effect",
CRD42024471231,"This review will aim to inform the development of a vulnerability assessment tool and selection of evaluation metrics. We will consider the following research questions:
1. What vulnerability factors affect health-related outcomes in Adults With Intellectual Disability (AWID)?
• Which matters most / least?
• What aspects of caregiving can also contribute to vulnerability, and worsening of health-related outcomes in AWID?
Overarchingly, the review seeks to identify factors used to evaluate adults (18 or older) with intellectual disabilities that contribute to capturing biopsychosocial vulnerabilities and outcomes and enabling wellbeing.","The biological, psychological, social or crosscutting biopsychosocial vulnerability factors affecting health and wellbeing outcomes on AWIDs.
Health Outcomes: In Donabedian (1996)’s definition, it is defined as “‘changes in patients’ health and welfare resulting from medical care or from a lack of care” [1]. We define health outcomes in line with this definition.
Vulnerability (factors): It is referred to as factors that would lead to an increased chance of developing a certain disease or outcome or limitations experienced in the biological, psychological, or social domain, associated with certain disease or outcome. We use it interchangeably in this protocol with risk.
(See the review protocol for elaborations on biological, psychological and social definitions)
[1] Donabedian, A. (1966). Evaluating the quality of medical care. The Milbank memorial fund quarterly, 44(3), pp.166-206.",
CRD42022376117,"The main objective of this review is to develop a research-based clinical guideline for outpatient psychotherapeutic treatment for PTSD and C-PTSD, in order to ensure that the best possible treatments are implemented in clinical practice. The systematic reviews informing the clinical guideline, will aim to answer five clinical questions:
Q1: When treating adults with PTSD, should trauma-focused psychotherapy include exposure?
Q2: What psychotherapies are effective in treating PTSD and comorbid personality disorders?
Q3: What psychotherapies are effective in treating PTSD and comorbid depression?
Q4: What psychotherapies are effective in treating PTSD and comorbid dissociative disorders, or PTSD with dissociative symptoms (DSM-5 subtype)?
Q5: What psychotherapies are effective in treating complex PTSD (C-PTSD)?","Psychotherapeutic treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) with/without comorbid personality disorders, depressive disorders, and dissociative disorders, as well as complex post-traumatic stress disorder (C-PTSD).",
CRD42020183998,"What is the effectiveness of telephone and videoconferencing therapy on mental health outcomes, compared with traditional face-to-face therapy, for the treatment of adults with mental health disorders?","Individuals who are diagnosed with mental disorders such as major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, and substance use disorder.",
CRD42023400047,"1. What are the interventions tailored to bereaved Black Americans.
2. Are there special/cultural considerations regarding bereaved Black Americans?
3. What are the health-seeking behaviors of bereaved Black Americans?","Psychological, behavioral, and sociocultural factors influence the grieving process. Prior research focused on mitigating grief has largely been void of the sociocultural factors or contexts that substantially affect the efficacy of grief therapy among individuals from diverse sociocultural backgrounds. This review attempts to understand the cultural context of Black American grief who has lost an individual from a chronic or serious illness. This review attempts to understand and synthesize the literature on cultural considerations for treating these individuals, health-seeking behaviors and preferences, as well as what are the grief outcomes in these individuals.",
CRD420250639163,"1. What conversational agent-integrated interventions have been developed and implemented to reduce loneliness and social isolation? What specific technologies or conversational agents were utilized in these interventions?2. How can these conversational agent-integrated interventions be categorized based on their functionalities, technological features, and implementation contexts, distinguishing between traditional chatbots and LLM-based systems?3. What are the levels of user acceptance, engagement, and effectiveness of conversational agent-inclusive interventions, specifically comparing traditional chatbots and LLM-based systems, in reducing loneliness and social isolation?4. How do traditional chatbots and LLM-based conversational agents differ in their design, functionality, and impact on reducing loneliness and social isolation?","Loneliness; Social Isolation ; Mental disorder Loneliness, Social Isolation The review will include studies targeting on all potential types of participants or populations, irrespective of their health status, socio-demographics, and other characteristics. Digital intervention Eligible studies should introduce or evaluate a conversational agent-integrated intervention to reduce loneliness and social isolation or introduce the design, development and implementation of a conversational agent-integrated intervention. PICO tags selected: Usual Care; Placebo This review will include studies conducted both controlled and non-controlled interventions with pre-post comparisons. The comparison groups can be either those that don't use conversational agent-integrated intervention, those that use non-AI conversational agent-integrated intervention, or usual care.",
CRD420250628251,How do younger women with breast cancer experience fear of cancer recurrence? What factors may exacerbate fear of recurrence?What may help with fear of recurrence?How do women cope with fear of recurrence?,"Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women in the UK (15% of cases) (Cancer Research UK, 2024). While older individuals, particularly women over the age of 90, have the highest incidence of breast cancer (Cancer Research UK, 2024); younger women have disproportionately worse outcomes, higher risks of recurrence of cancer, and worse prognosis.This review will focus on ""younger women"" (for the purpose of this review, defined as those aged 18-49). The published reviews in the area do not distinguish between older and younger women, despite research suggesting that those with younger age at diagnosis have a differently psychological experience, including experiencing significantly more psychological distress, in particular, greater fear of recurrence (Hong & Shin, 2021; Schapira et al., 2022).Fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) is defined as ""fear, worry, or concern relating to the possibility that cancer will come back or progress” (Lebel et al, 2016).It is important to understand how younger women experience fear of recurrence, what factors may exacerbate fear of recurrence, what may help with fear of recurrence, and how women cope with fear of recurrence. Inclusion: - Women (aged 18-50) who have been diagnosed with breast cancer (primary and secondary/metastatic)Exclusion:- Studies with a) men, b) children, b) adolescents younger than 18, c) women over the age of 50- Studies with women with other cancers Qualitative study exploring fear of recurrence in younger women with breast cancer",
CRD42022320589,"An objective of this systematic review is to synthesize the best available evidence concerning the preventive effect of iCBT on employees. Review questions are: 1) In comparison to controls, what is the preventive effect of iCBTs delivered in the workplace to improve psychological outcomes (i.e., stress, anxiety, depression, insomnia, and resilience) among non-healthcare employees?2) In comparison to controls, do iCBTs as preventive interventions enhance work engagement among non-healthcare employees?","Psychological outcomes and work engagement among employees in the workplace This review will admit studies that include non-healthcare workers such as office workers, military, and teachers regardless of socio-cultural background. Studies recruiting participants who have diagnoses of mental disorders or any health problems; and studies examining healthcare workers will be excluded from this review For this review, the internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (iCBT) program is defined as a psychotherapy program based on cognitive-behavioral therapy-based principles, delivered via the internet at the workplace by an individual or group remote from the employees. Interventions could be only iCBT or iCBT with co-interventions. Studies will be excluded if they provide face-to-face cognitive behavioral therapy programs. This is according to the aim of this study will be to test the effectiveness of the core method of internet-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy intervention on psychological distresses and work-related outcomes. This review will consider studies that compare with no intervention control, active control, placebo control, and usual care.",
CRD42024560728,What are the healthcare experiences of autistic sexual minorities,Not applicable,
CRD42024578199,"The present review will aim to explore service users' experiences of accessing and using mental health crisis helplines:How do service users experience accessing and using mental health crisis helplines, and what factors are perceived to be helpful or unhelpful in this process?","Mental Health Crisis Resolution Mental Health Crisis Helpline Services. Individuals who have contacted a mental health crisis helpline service (i.e. crisis line, suicide prevention line). Inclusion Criteria- Adults (>18 years old)- 'Callers' who have accessed the intervention (as specified below) Exclusion Criteria- Children or adolescents (<18 years old)- Mixed age samples where the average age falls below 18- Mental healthcare professionals or volunteers working for these services Inclusion Criteria- Mental health crisis, or suicide prevention helpline services- Including different modalities (i.e., online chat, telephone, text-based)- Ad-hoc support involving one-to-one interaction with a mental healthcare professional or trained volunteer Exclusion Criteria- Non-mental health related helpline services (i.e., physical health, cessation, emergency services)- Support not involving contact with a professional (i.e., online forums, apps, psychoeducation resources, self-help)- Other digital mental health interventions (i.e., online/telephone therapy provision)",
CRD42024527466,What is the diagnostic profile of different combinations of dual disorders (substance use and another psychiatric disorder) in the clinical setting?,Dual Diagnosis (substance use disorder comorbid with another psychiatric disorder). Dual diagnosis or dual disorders is a common occurrence in the clinical setting and may alter the course and prognosis. Substance use disorders are expected to be more common in people with mental health conditions than expected by chance.,
CRD420250650845,"The central aim of this qualitative systematic review is to explore and synthesize the various conceptualizations of mental health literacy (MHL) by using content analysis. In doing so, this review aims to identify the core dimensions of MHL in differentiation to predictors and outcomes of MHL and to achieve a more precise understanding of these core elements. The main objective of this review is to develop a sharpened core construct of MHL based on the described analysis of previous and current definitions of MHL and examined and discussed in the context of related constructs (health literacy) and theories (e.g. in relation to the formation of attitudes and corresponding behavior).","MHL is a concept that was first introduced by Jorm and colleagues in 1997 and defined as the knowledge and beliefs regarding mental disorders that assist in their identification, treatment, and/or prevention. Since then, the concept of MHL has evolved, with particularly strong momentum over the last five years, expanding to include additional components, such as decreasing stigma related to mental disorders, promoting and maintaining positive health (Kutcher et al., 2016), and shifting focus towards a more active behavioral level. For example, the emphasis has moved from merely knowing about self-help strategies and professional help to engaging in healthy behavior and improving the efficiency of help-seeking, referred to as ""mental health action"" (Jorm, 2019). At the same time the current definitions lack an embedment or reference to the older, broader and more differentiated construct of health literacy, which has been subject to profound research across various field (Sørensen et al., 2012). Furthermore, new literacy terms, such as “mental wellbeing literacy” or “resilience literacy”, as well as aspects like help-seeking behavior, have been incorporated, leading to what is known as the jingle-jangle fallacy. The review has no restrictions concerning the participants and population included in the empirical research. We will include all types of populations, irrespective of their age, gender, ethnicity, nationality, and mental or physical health status. Conceptualizations (e.g. models, theories, definitions) of MHL, whether the authors created a new conceptualization or extended or modified an existing conceptual framework.",
CRD42024610941,"1) To what extent do school-based physical activity, physical literacy, and executive function interventions influence academic performance and health outcomes in primary school-aged children?
2) Within existing research, what are the main gaps in school-based physical activity, physical literacy, and executive function interventions, and what recommendations can be made for future studies?
3) What is the overall effectiveness of existing school-based physical activity, physical literacy, or executive function interventions on academic performance and health outcomes in primary school-aged children?","Physical activity, physical literacy, executive function, and academic attainment in primary school-aged children.",
CRD42024505603,"How effective are Internet- and mobile-based interventions in the treatment of Tic disorders among children, adolescents, and adults?","The systematic review focuses on Tic disorders, a spectrum of neuropsychiatric conditions characterized by sudden, rapid, recurrent, non-rhythmic motor movements or vocalizations. Commonly manifesting in childhood, these disorders include transient and chronic forms, such as Tourette Syndrome. Tics can vary in severity and impact on daily functioning, and they are often associated with comorbid conditions like attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Management typically involves behavioral therapies and, in some cases, medication. The review specifically examines the effectiveness of Internet- and mobile-based interventions in treating Tic disorders, reflecting the growing interest in digital health solutions in the mental health domain.",
CRD420251016170,"1. What interventions have been implemented to improve the mental health of nurses, and how effective have they been?","Population: Registered nurses, nursing students, and nurse practitioners working in any healthcare setting (e.g., hospitals, clinics, long-term care facilities).  Mental Health Care Education; Wellness Promotion; Physical activity programme; Lifestyle education Mental Health Interventions: Psychological counseling, stress management techniques (e.g., mindfulness, relaxation exercises), cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), resilience training, and mental health support programs. Well-being Programs: Wellness programs focused on emotional and psychological well-being, including work-life balance strategies, peer support, and emotional intelligence training. Physical Health Interventions: Exercise or physical activity programs, fitness initiatives, ergonomic adjustments, and nutrition-based interventions aimed at improving physical health. Lifestyle Behavior Interventions: Programs targeting healthy lifestyle behaviors, including promoting a balanced diet, improving sleep hygiene, smoking cessation, and alcohol reduction programs. Randomized controlled trials, quasi-experimental studies, cohort studies, longitudinal studies, and observational studies that evaluate the effectiveness of the aforementioned interventions.","Non-Nurses: Studies focusing on healthcare workers other than nurses (e.g., doctors, allied health professionals).  Interventions not related to improving mental health, physical health, well-being, or lifestyle behaviors, such as administrative or management-focused interventions. Case studies, case series, editorials, or narrative reviews not involving primary data collection."
CRD420251021563,"The primary objective of this systematic review is to evaluate the role of technology in enhancing art-based therapy for individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Specifically, our the review seeks to address the following questions:","All participants should have a confirmed diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder, adhering to established diagnostic criteria such as the DSM-5 or ICD-10 .Participants must be aged 3 to 30 years.  Art Therapy; Robotic-assisted training PICO tags selected: Skills Training; Social Skills Training; Music Therapy","Non-Art-Based Interventions, Lack of Technological Component, Age Outside Specified Range, Insufficient Outcome Data, Comorbid Conditions (Studies where participants have significant comorbid conditions that may affect the outcomes (e.g., severe intellectual disability)) may be excluded."
CRD420250644719,"What are the existing stimuli and induction methods used in experimental anxiety detection studies, how do these methods compare in terms of effectiveness and reliability based on physiological and psychological outcome measures","Anxiety; Mental disorder Anxiety is a natural response to stress, characterized by feelings of worry, fear, or unease. It can range from mild to severe and may include physical symptoms like a rapid heartbeat, sweating, or restlessness. While occasional anxiety is normal, persistent or excessive anxiety may indicate an anxiety disorder, which can impact daily life and require management through therapy, lifestyle changes, or medication. human participants who experience anxiety or are subjected to standardized anxiety-inducing protocols. Electrocardiogram; Monitoring Physiological Parameters The inclusion criteria for interventions in this systematic review require studies to utilize electrocardiography (ECG) and/or photoplethysmography (PPG) sensors for anxiety detection, recognition, or prediction. Studies must analyze physiological signals such as heart rate variability (HRV), blood volume pulse (BVP), or other relevant biomarkers associated with anxiety. Research incorporating machine learning models to enhance anxiety detection using ECG or PPG data is also included. Additionally, studies using wearable technology for real-time or continuous monitoring of anxiety-related physiological responses are considered. Only studies that explicitly assess anxiety through these physiological measures, rather than general stress or other psychological conditions without a direct link to anxiety, are included. PICO tags selected: Electrocardiogram","studies involving non-human subjects, as well as those that do not assess anxiety using ECG or PPG"
CRD420250605187,Are interventions and services effective in preventing cardiovascular diseases for people prescribed antipsychotics?,"Cardiovascular Event Risk Cardiovascular disease (CVD) Adults with exposure to antipsychotics or adults diagnosed with severe mental illness will be included. Antipsychotic drugs informed by the British National Formulary and consultations with GPs and psychiatrists, including Chlorpromazine; Chloractil; Dozine;; Largactil; Benperidol; Anquil; Benquil; ; Chlorprothixene; Taractan; Droperidol; Droleptan; Xomolix; Flupentixol; Depixol; Fluphenazine; Moditen; Haloperidol; Dozic; Fortunan; Kentace; Haldol; Serenace; Oxypertine; Integrin; Pericyazine; Neulactil; Perphenazine; Fentazin; Pimozide; Orap; Promazine; Sparine; Sulpiride; Dolmatil; Sulpitil; Sulparex; Sulpor; Thioridazine; Melleril; Trifluoperazine; Stelazine; Trifluperidol; Triperidol; Zuclopenthixol; Clopixol; Loxapine; Loxapac; Clozapine; Clozaril; Denzapine; Zaponex; Remoxipride; Roxiam; Risperidone; Risperdal; Sertindole; Serdolect; Olanzapine; Quetiapine; Zyprexa; Zalasta; Seroquel; Sondate; Atrolak; Seotiapim; Ebesque; Zaluron; Biquelle; Mintreleq; Alaquet; Amisulpride; Solian; Zotepine; Zoleptil; Aripiprazole; Abilify; Invega; Paliperidone; Xeplion; Asenapine; Sycrest; Lurasidone; Latuda; Flupenthixol; Modecate; Decazate; Moditen Enanthate; Fluspirilene; Redeptin; Pipotiazine; Piportil; Zypadhera;Levomepromazine; Nozinan; Veractil; Prochlorperazine.  Severe mental illness, defined as schizophrenia or other types of schizophrenia‐like psychosis, bipolar affective disorder or other types of psychosis, irrespective of the diagnostic criteria used. Conditions may include: severe mental illness; serious mental illness; SMI; psychosis; psychoses; schizophrenia (catatonic; disorganised; paranoid; residual; undifferentiated); schizotypal disorder; schizoaffective disorder; bipolar disorder; bipolar affective disorder; bipolar and related disorders; psychotic disorder; delusional disorder; manic episode; paraphrenia; other nonorganic psychotic disorder, or unspecified nonorganic psychosis. Primary Prevention Of Cardiovascular Disease Interventions aimed at primary prevention of CVD in adults taking antipsychotics or those with SMI will be included. These may consist of single or combined components, including (but not limited to): There will be no restriction on the mode, setting or duration of delivery of intervention. For studies on service delivery interventions to be eligible for inclusion, the focus of the study will be on the effect of designed service provision in altering CVD risks in study populations, for example, integrated care models in primary care settings delivered by mental health nurses. At least following should be described to be reported: PICO tags selected: Placebo; Usual Care; Active control Placebo, active treatment, usual care, standard care, or no treatment at the time that an eligible study was undertaken will be included.",Studies that included mixed populations will be excluded unless separate results for people taking antipsychotics or those with SMI can be identified or obtained from the trial investigators. Interventions not designed for CVD prevention will be excluded.
CRD420250652020,What are the approaches to prevent Suicidality and co-morbid psychological problems among adolescents which can be implemented in educational educational institutes?,"Suicide; Suicidal Behavior; Suicidal; Suicidal Thoughts; Suicide Prevention; Suicidal Intent; Suicide Attempt; Adolescence My purpose behind doing a systematic review is to identify all possible, latest approches to treat suicidality along with other psychological problems which result in suicidality i.e depression, stress and anxiety among adolescents at their educational institutes(Schools/ Colleges). Adolescents who are part of any educational institutes i.e. Schools and colleges and show suicidality. An eclectic approch will be used i.e any kind of treatment that can be given inside the premesis of the educational institute.e school or college (because both have adolescents as students). 1. Interventions for adolescent's only. 2. School-based, educational, interventions, training based programs would be included for the systematic review. 3. Interventions those are not school based but the treatment or technique is implementable inside the school/college premises done by psychologist or any other researcher. 4. Interventions targeting psychological problems leading to suicidal behavior among adolescents. PICO tags selected: Placebo It depends on the kinds of studies extracted.",Students who don't fall in the age criteria of adolescence. 1. Interventions which are not randomized.
CRD42025565935,"What experiences do children and those supporting children, report in relation to school transitions during the early stages of adolescence?",2. Experiences and perspectives of children aged between the 11-15 years and caregivers during transition from primary – secondary settings,
CRD42023455062,"1) What was the prevalence of affective mental health problems during the COVID-19 pandemic among PLHIV, especially in LMICs?
2) What were the correlates of common mental health conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic?","People living with HIV (PLHIV) are disproportionately affected by mental health conditions compared to the general population. This was further compounded by the COVID-19 pandemic with the associated disruption in care and support services along with greater risk of complications and mortality in people with pre-existing health conditions including HIV. This systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature is designed to explore the effect of the pandemic on the rates and correlates of common mental conditions (depression, anxiety disorders, stress related disorders, psychological distress, sleep problems and loneliness) in PLHIV specifically with a focus on low-and middle-income countries.",
CRD420250650895,The study aim to assess the frequency of recommendation of physical activity by mental health professionals.,"Exercise prescription rate Healthcare professionals physiotherapists, psychiatrists, nurses, occupational therapists, psychologists, among others Does not apply",Does not apply Does not apply
CRD42021259246,"1. What behaviour change techniques (BCTs) as defined by The Behaviour Change Techniques Taxonomy (BCTTv1, Michie et al., 2013) are used in digital health interventions for midlife women?
2. What behaviours (i.e. diet, exercise, mental health) are targeted in digital health interventions?
3. What modes of delivery (i.e. wearables, mobile apps, gamification, social community support, expert interaction with psychologists) are used to modify health behaviour?
4. What outcomes (i.e. engagement markers, follow-up, monitoring of behaviour changes, validation of results gathered) are reported?","We plan to review health interventions with midlife women (age 40 – 65 years) that aim to modify any health behaviour. Health behaviours may include diet, exercise, mental health, and symptoms associated with menopause (i.e. hot flushes, low mood, anxiety, tiredness, poor concentration, poor sleep, change in weight/body shape). At least a single domain listed above must be reported. No restriction will be places on study size, and the behaviour change theory reported.",
CRD420250649955,"Determining the relationship between childhood sexual abuse and eating disorders, body dissatisfaction and disordered eating in children and adolescents: a systematic review.Primary Aim: The intention of this paper is to conduct a systematic review, analysing the current data to determine the relationship between childhood sexual abuse and all eating disorders, alongside body dissatisfaction and disordered eating in the child and adult population. This will investigate prevalence, severity and outcomes. Secondary Aim: A secondary aim of this paper is to investigate the mediational role that neurodivergence may have upon CSA and eating disorder symptoms.","Eating disorders (including anorexia, bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder, avoidant restrictive food intake disorder, eating disorder not otherwise specified and unspecified eating disorder) and disordered eating and weight concern. Individuals with eating disorders (children and adults), disordered eating and body image concerns as well as those with a history of childhood sexual abuse (occurring below the age of eighteen years old). In addition, this review will investigate the mediational role of autism and ADHD in the relationship between eating disorders and historic sexual abuse. This review is investigating individuals who have experienced childhood sexual abuse. This is defined as the occurrence of a sexual relationship with a family member, unwanted sexual relationships with non-family adults or a sexual relationship with a person who it at least five years older, whilst under the age of eighteen years old (Wonderlich et al, 1997). In order to fulfil the inclusion criteria, those with an experience of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) must have an eating disorder or reporting disordered eating or weight concerns. Studies will be excluded if the time of the abuse was not specified before the age of eighteen years old. PICO tags selected: Eating Disorders Management; Mental Health Treatment; Neurodevelopment Test",
CRD420250645117,1. What psychosocial factors contributed to decline in mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic?,Mental disorder; Depression; Anxiety Healthcare Workers who are regulated and directly involved in patient care. Healthcare workers involved in patient care during the period of the COVID-19 pandemic,
CRD42024586018,"1. What is the prevalence of Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID) in children and adolescents (<18 years)?
2. What is the prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) among children and adolescents with ARFID?
3. What is the prevalence of medical and mental comorbidities in children and adolescents with ARFID?
4. What are the differences in demographic and clinical outcomes in children and adolescents with ARFID compared with those having other eating disorders (e.g., anorexia nervosa) and non-clinical groups?
5. What is the efficacy of non-pharmacological interventions (e.g., cognitive-behavioral therapy, family-based therapy) for treating children and adolescents with ARFID?","Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID) is an eating disorder characterized by a persistent pattern of consuming a limited variety of foods, coupled with an aversion to certain sensory aspects of food, leading to significant nutritional deficiencies, weight loss, or impairment in psychosocial functioning. Unlike other eating disorders, ARFID does not involve distress about body weight or shape. Instead, it often manifests through severe food avoidance, extreme pickiness, or fear of adverse consequences associated with eating. ARFID can significantly impact a child's growth and development and may co-occur with other medical and psychological conditions.",
CRD42023452292,"Review Question:
What is the effectiveness of Neurolinguistic Programming (NLP) in improving health outcomes and well-being in patients with various health conditions?
P - Population: Patients with various health conditions (e.g., chronic pain, anxiety disorders, depression, etc.)
I - Intervention: Neurolinguistic Programming (NLP) techniques or interventions
E - Comparison: No specific comparison group (Any control group or standard care)
C - Outcome: Health outcomes and well-being measures (e.g., pain reduction, psychological well-being, quality of life, symptom management)
S - Study Design: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), quasi-experimental studies, and observational studies
Specific Refinements:
How does NLP compare to standard care or other psychological interventions in improving health outcomes in patients with chronic pain?
What is the impact of NLP on reducing symptoms of anxiety and depression compared to other psychotherapeutic approaches in individuals with anxiety and depression disorders?
Does NLP have a significant effect on improving quality of life in patients with chronic health conditions, such as diabetes or cardiovascular diseases, when compared to usual care or other behavioral interventions?
What are the adverse effects or potential risks associated with NLP interventions in healthcare settings?
Are the effects of NLP interventions sustained over time, and does the duration or intensity of NLP practice impact its effectiveness on health outcomes?
Note: The above review question and specific refinements are examples of how to frame the research question(s) related to the use of NLP in healthcare. Researchers may adapt and modify these questions based on their specific interests and the available literature on the topic.","The systematic review focuses on the use of Neurolinguistic Programming (NLP) in various healthcare domains to improve health outcomes and well-being in patients with different health conditions. NLP is a psychological approach that aims to understand the relationship between language, thought patterns, and behavior. It involves techniques to reprogram thoughts and behaviors, potentially leading to positive effects on physical and mental health.
The review will encompass studies involving patients with a range of health conditions, such as chronic pain, anxiety disorders, depression, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and other chronic health conditions. Additionally, the review may explore NLP interventions' impact on general well-being and quality of life in different healthcare settings.
The objective is to synthesize the existing evidence on the effectiveness of NLP interventions in improving health-related outcomes and well-being in diverse patient populations across various healthcare domains. By assessing the available research, the review aims to provide insights into the potential benefits and limitations of using NLP techniques in healthcare settings.",
CRD420250653581,- What are the desired outcomes to support health promotion in chiropractic care related to behaviour change skills?,Chiropractic Visit; Behaviour change technique; Health Promotion; Musculoskeletal Pain 1. Chiropractic care setting 2. MSK 3. Health promotion 4. Behaviour change Chiropractors (to be registered with regulator) Behaviour change skills/techniques and/or health promotion strategies/activity,
CRD42018098747,"(1) To investigate the prevalence rates of the Hikikomori syndrome (HS) of prolonged social withdrawal in the general population (the general population will include individuals recruited from the community or students/undergraduates).
(2) To investigate the prevalence rates of the HS in treatment-seeking clinical samples with psychiatric disorders listed in relevant classification systems, recruited from primary, secondary or tertiary mental health settings.
(3) If significant heterogeneity is found, the age and gender of the participants, and the countries in which the study has been conducted (Asian versus non-Asian countries) will be investigated as potential moderators of the prevalence rates in both the general population and in clinical samples with psychiatric disorders.
(4) To assess the co-occurrence rates between HS and each psychiatric disorder defined by the criteria of any version of the DSM or ICD in any clinical samples with psychiatric disorders.","In the last two decades, the “Hikikomori” syndrome (HS) has been conceptualised as a psychosociological condition characterized by prolonged and severe social withdrawal for a period of at least 6 months (Kaneko, 2006; Saito, 1998; Watts, 2002). This condition was first reported and studied in Japanese society/culture (Kondo et al., 2013), the first epidemiological research having been conducted in 2003 (Ito et al., 2003), and in light of teh results, the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare defined it as a state in which a young individual (a) mainly stays at home, (b) cannot or does not engage in social activities, such as going to school or working, (c) continues in this state for 6 months or longer, (d) has neither a psychotic disorder, nor medium to lower level mental retardation (intelligence quotient < 55 - 50), and (e) has no close friends.",
CRD42023440564,What are service user experiences on crisis home treatment teams?,"CHTTs are short-term, intensive at-home treatments aimed to reduce hospital admissions and provides support to individuals returning home after an acute hospital admission (Johnson & Thornicroft, 2008). CHTTs can help service users develop coping strategies, and promotes family involvement and social support during a crisis (Bridgett & Polak, 2003).
All eligible journals should include individuals who are currently receiving care in CHTTs or have received care from CHTTs.
Service user experiences of CHTT will be examined in this review. Experiences can include but not limited to the following aspects:
• Satisfaction of care
• Experience on accessing CHTTs
• Quality of care (treated with respect, empathy, patience etc.)
• Consistency of care
• Costs of care",
CRD420250656284,How effectively do physical therapy interventions improve muscle strength and functional outcomes in patients with ICU-acquired weakness (ICU-AW)?,"Intensive care unit acquired weakness; Physical therapy exercises; Muscle Strength ICU-acquired weakness (ICU-AW) is a common complication in critically ill patients, characterized by profound muscle wasting and impaired physical function. It is associated with prolonged mechanical ventilation, immobility, and systemic inflammation. This systematic review and meta-analysis will explore the effects of physical therapy in improving muscle strength and functional outcomes in patients with ICU-AW. Inclusion criteria:1.Patients diagnosed with ICU-AW . Physiotherapy; Electrotherapy; Resistance training Any physical therapy will be considered，such as，early mobilization、cycle ergometry、resistance training、technology (e.g. play game, or virtual reality)There are no limitations on settings, and healthcare professionals who providing services. PICO tags selected: Usual Care; Placebo; Sham Intervention Usual ICU care","Exclusion criteria:1.absence of coexistent neurological or orthopaedic illness.（e.g. Guillain Barre Syndrome,stroke）2.unable to participate in physical therapy (e.g. unstable hemodynamics)."
CRD420250620296,How does economic inequality influence the mental health outcomes of children and adolescents compared to those living in more economically equal environments?What specific mental health disorders are particularly affected by economic inequality among children and adolescents?,"Economic Problem; Mental State Finding; Child Health Promotion This meta-analysis examines economic inequality and its impact on mental health in children and adolescents. Economic inequality refers to the disparities in income and wealth within a society, which can limit access to resources and support. This inequality can lead to increased stress and anxiety among young people, contributing to various mental health issues, including depression and anxiety. Understanding this relationship is crucial for developing effective interventions to support the mental well-being of affected youth. Inclusion: Children and adolescents (under 18 years of age) Exposure Definition:Economic Inequality: Refers to disparities in income and wealth distribution within a population, assessed through metrics such as the Gini coefficient, income quintiles, and access to resources.Inclusion Criteria:1. Population: Studies involving children and adolescents aged 0-18 years.2. Context: Research contrasting high and low economic inequality settings.3. Outcomes: Mental health outcomes measured in both high and low inequality contexts.","Exclusion Criteria: 1. Lack of Comparative Analysis: Studies that fail to examine mental health outcomes across varying levels of economic inequality (e.g., no subgroup comparisons, regression models, or correlation analyses). 2. Age: Research focused on adults or other age groups. 3. Irrelevant Contexts: Studies not explicitly addressing economic inequality's effects on mental health."
CRD42023456623,"For whom and in what circumstances does co-production work in youth mental health services?
Subquestions:
- What are the important contextual factors in understanding co-production in youth mental health services?
- What mechanisms explain the impact of co-production in youth mental health services?
- What are the outcomes for service users that result from co-production in youth mental health services?",Co-production of youth mental health services,
CRD42024530897,"Population: Individuals at risk of suicide or with a history of suicidal behavior.
Intervention: Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithms for predicting suicide risk.
Comparison: Conventional methods or other risk assessment tools.
Outcome: Accuracy of AI in predicting suicide risk or identifying individuals at risk of suicide.",The systematic review focuses on the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithms for predicting suicide risk among individuals. It examines the application of AI in identifying those at risk of suicide or with a history of suicidal behavior.,
CRD42022342605,"To review the literature on 12-step facilitation AND mutual-help group, focusing on, but not limited to: (i) mental disorders other than alcoholism and (ii) qualitative studies.","Inclusion criteria:
• ""12-step group"" OR ""12-step program"" OR ""12-step facilitation"" OR ""12-step approach"" NOT alcohol NOT alcoholism NOT alcoholic NOT alcoholics
• ""12-step group"" OR ""12-step program"" OR ""12-step facilitation"" OR ""12-step approach"" AND qualitative
• ""Narcotics Anonymous"" NOT alcohol NOT alcoholic NOT alcoholism NOT alcoholics
• All ""anonymous"" groups and 12-step mutual help groups NOT alcohol NOT alcoholism NOT alcoholic NOT alcoholics
Exclusion criteria : SUD not qualitative; 12-step group is of secondary importance; All groups are clinicians-led (n = 17); Focus on remote applications or meetings; Focus on clinicians' attitudes to 12-step groups; Not a peer-reviewed article; Self-help group not 12-step based; Qualitative but alcohol only",
CRD42024604765,"Q1: What is the combined effectiveness of neurofeedback and complementary treatments in reducing mental disorder outcomes in adults?
Q2: How does standalone neurofeedback therapy compare to an integrated approach that combines neurofeedback with complementary therapies in treating mental disorders?",Emotion regulation. Mental disorders.,
CRD42024611094,"Research Question: What is the pooled association between nomophobia and its related factors - antecedents and consequences.
The following are detailed objectives:
1. To estimate the pooled association between antecedent factors and nomophobia.
2. To estimate the pooled association between nomophobia and consequences.
3. To estimate the heterogeneity between and within studies for both types of pooled association.
4. To check for variations in pooled estimates due to various study and demographic level characteristics.
5. To synthesize non-statistical findings from all reports assessing the association of nomophobia with antecedents and consequences.","Nomophobia, a term that describes the anxiety or discomfort experienced when one is without a mobile phone, has become increasingly prevalent in recent years as mobile technology has become a fixture in daily life. This phenomenon has raised significant concerns regarding its potential effects on mental health and well-being. The purpose of this literature review is to examine the relationship between nomophobia and various factors, categorized into antecedents and consequences.
Antecedent factors are those that contribute to the onset of nomophobia. These may include early exposure to mobile devices, personality traits, social influences, and patterns of smartphone usage. Consequence factors, on the other hand, refer to the psychological, behavioral, and social outcomes that may arise from nomophobia, such as increased anxiety, decreased social interactions, impaired productivity, and impacts on sleep quality.
In the present study, we aim to analyze research findings on both the antecedents and consequences of nomophobia across diverse demographic groups, including variations in age, gender, cultural region, and socioeconomic background. This comprehensive approach will help identify common patterns and potential risk factors, as well as the broader implications of nomophobia on individual and societal levels.",
CRD42021231112,"What policies, interventions and prevention strategies exist for preventing alcohol-related suicide? Which of these interventions are effective in preventing suicide and suicide attempts?","Suicide death, attempted suicide, alcohol use (including alcohol use disorder)",
CRD420250655575,To identify and evaluate the measures that are used to ascertain Positive Childhood Experiences in youth populations.,"We will review studies that focus on the domain of mental health and wellbeing. Namely, we are interested in mental health outcomes such as internalising (e.g., anxiety, depression) and externalising (e.g., conduct issues) outcomes in addition to wellbeing (e.g., authenticity, happiness, life satisfaction). Hence, this review will focus on both positive and negative outcomes associated with positive childhood experiences. Young people, specifically children and adolescents. Studies assessing exposures or outcomes in adulthood (i.e., 18+) will be excluded from this review. Exposure to Positive Childhood Experiences, as measured by an established psychometric scale, such as the Benevolent Childhood Experiences scale (Narayan et al., 2018). We also anticipate that several studies included in the review will measure Adverse Childhood Experience in conjunction, in which case we will organise the synthesis accordingly (e.g., PCEs only and PCEs & ACEs).",Studies that only measure ACEs but not PCEs will be excluded from this review.
CRD42024620776,"Primary Review Question:
What are the mechanisms of action of Tai Chi in improving cardiovascular health outcomes compared to aerobic exercise?
Secondary Specific Questions:
1. Does Tai Chi reduce cardiovascular risk markers (e.g., blood pressure, lipid profiles, inflammatory markers) as effectively as aerobic exercise?
2. How do Tai Chi and aerobic exercise differ in their impact on cardiovascular fitness (e.g., VO2max, heart rate variability) in individuals with or at risk of cardiovascular diseases?
3. What are the unique contributions of Tai Chi's mind-body components (e.g., stress reduction, mental relaxation) to cardiovascular health outcomes?
4. Are there differences in the suitability and efficacy of Tai Chi versus aerobic exercise for different populations (e.g., elderly individuals or those with physical limitations)?","This systematic review focuses on cardiovascular diseases (CVD), which are the leading cause of mortality globally, including conditions such as hypertension, coronary artery disease, heart failure, and stroke. It specifically examines the effects of Tai Chi, a mind-body exercise, on cardiovascular health outcomes, including its mechanisms of action compared to traditional aerobic exercise. The review explores interventions targeting cardiovascular risk factors such as blood pressure, lipid profiles, inflammatory markers, and heart rate variability, with an emphasis on prevention and management strategies for individuals at risk or diagnosed with CVD.",
CRD42024544252,"1. Synthesising the lived experiences and perceptions of youth with ADHD.
Inclusive of, but not limited to, their experiences and perceptions of socialisation, education, self-care, employment, leisure, mental health and wellbeing.","Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in youth.
The World Health Organisation (WHO) define ADHD through it’s 3 subtypes: “inattention – not being able to stay focused, hyperactivity – excess movement that is not appropriate to the setting or excessive fidgeting, tapping or talking, impulsivity – acting hastily without thinking, and in a way that may have high potential for harm” (2019).",
CRD42021244278,"The objective of this study is to describe the impact of long-term highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) use on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among people with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA).
For this study, our research question is:
- What effects do the prolong use of HAART have on the HRQoL of PLWHA?","The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is responsible for the progressive dysregulation of the cell-mediated immune system and could ultimately lead to the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The HAART is established as one of the most effective interventions for treatment of HIV/AIDS. However, research has shown that clinical and physiological measures are insufficient to evaluate the health status of PLWHA as they do not reflect a person’s functional capacity and overall wellbeing. This requires the need to use HRQoL determinants to assess the potential impact of HAART among long-term users. For this review, the effects of prolonged (i.e. at least 6 months) HAART use on HRQoL among PLWHA will be studied.",
CRD42025648194,"Utilizing a three-tiered meta-analytic framework, this investigation aims to provide a thorough synthesis and quantitative assessment of the relationship between childhood maltreatment and bullying victimization.","The study primarily focuses on the relationship between bullying and childhood abuse, and does not involve clinical diseases, etc. The study will conduct a global meta-analysis involving participants from countries such as China and Turkey. There is no need for retesting; only the participant information from previously published articles will be extracted. This study will only extract existing information, without the need for measurement or involvement of interventions and potential exposure factors. none",
CRD42024541437,Overarching Review Question:Are interventions targeting family accommodation effective in reducing levels of accommodation and symptom severity in childhood anxiety and OCRDs?Sub-Questions:,"Anxiety; Obsessive-compulsive Disorders And Symptoms Anxiety in Childhood. This includes any Anxiety Disorder or Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorder as defined in a recognised diagnostic manual (E.g. DSM-V). Anxiety disorders show high prevalence in children and young people, with one in six living with a probable anxiety disorder (Newlove-Delgado et al., 2022). The number of young people living with an anxiety disorder is increasing and is linked with poor outcomes including reduced academic achievement and poorer outcomes in adulthood (Bhatia & Bhatia, 2007; Jones, 2013). Despite advances in treatment around 40% of young people do not respond to first line interventions and there is therefore an emphasis on augmenting treatment through engaging parents and carers in treatment (Kodal et al., 2017). Family accommodation increases symptom severity in childhood anxiety disorders and negatively impacts treatment outcomes (Lebowitz, Panza & Bloch, 2016). There has been an increase in research looking at the link between family accommodation and symptom severity and a growing number of treatment protocols for childhood anxiety disorders that include a module for reducing family accommodation. A systematic review is needed to explore and synthesize the current efficacy of different caregiver focused modules on family accommodation. Participants will be adult Caregivers (Parents/Relatives/legal guardian) of children and young people with a diagnosis of any anxiety disorder or Obsessive-compulsive and related disorders (As diagnosed using any recognised diagnostic criteria). Inclusion Criteria: • Children and young people will be defined as individuals under the age of 18 years old. Studies will be included if they use descriptions such as youth or childhood anxiety rather than providing a numerical age for the child. • Included studies will involve relatives of children and young people with any diagnosed anxiety or obsessive-compulsive and related disorder, using a recognised diagnostic criterion.Exclusion criteria:• Relatives/caregivers of adults (age > 18 years)• Relatives/caregivers of children with mental health disorders other than an anxiety disorder or OCRDs. Any intervention for childhood anxiety with a minimum of one ‘module’, defined as a section of treatment content, explicitly exploring Family Accommodation and the themes and treatment techniques deriving from this e.g. identifying parental behaviours associated with symptom accommodation. Papers do not need to explicitly identify this section as a family accommodation module.Inclusion criteria:• Accommodation reduction must be reported as a primary or secondary aim. • The intervention must be described in the paper or a reference provided for an established treatment protocol. • A parent or caregiver must be present in the Family Accommodation module. • Interventions can be delivered face-to-face, web-based or self-directed and can be single-session, or part of a longer intervention. • Interventions can be clinician-led or self-guided such as eBooks and self-directed paper workbooks.• Intervention can be an individual intervention, family-based or group based.• Interventions can be from any therapeutic modality e.g. CBT, Family Therapy.Exclusion criteria:• An intervention without a section of content that explicitly addresses family accommodation and the themes, knowledge and skills deriving from this. • Interventions with no treatment summary or reference to an established protocol. • Intervention which is delivered only to children with no parent or caregiver involvement. PICO tags selected: Usual Care",
CRD42024521415,"What are the current approaches to involving service users in mental health education and training?
What are the impact and outcomes of these approaches on healthcare education and training in mental health through service users, stakeholders, and educational materials?",Service User Involvement Approaches,
CRD42022342927,The objective of this systematic review is to synthesize existing data on the impact of unwanted pregnancy or denied abortion on maternal mental health and mental health of their offspring.,Mental health,
CRD420250457715,The purpose of this study was to explore the influencing factors of self-negation tendency of nursing students and nurses.,"Evidence-based nursing Nursing students ( students receiving nursing professional education ) and nurses ( professionals who have registered through practice and obtained a nurse 's practice certificate ) Implant impostor phenomenon occurs (The tendency to deny one 's own ability, also known as impostor syndrome / fraud syndrome, is a psychological phenomenon in which an individual has succeeded or achieved something, but tends to attribute success to some external cause, believing that he or she is not capable enough, feels that he or she is deceiving others, and is afraid of being discovered.)",Nurses who did not pass the practice registration and / or obtained the nurse practice certificate; nursing students and nurses who are absent from school or on vacation.
CRD42022345093,"What is the association between victim age polymorphism and psychopathy?
AND
What is the association between victim age polymorphism and atypical sexual interest?
AND
What are the overall, sexual, and violent recidivism rates of victim age polymorphic offenders compared to child victim offenders and adult victim offenders?","Polymorphic, mixed, or crossover offenders (i.e., offenders with victims in multiple age groups), mental health correlates (psychopathy; paraphilias; sexual preoccupation or hypersexuality) and recidivism",
CRD42024515911,"To investigate the levels of glutamatergic neurochemicals (glutamate (Glu), glutamine (Gln) and glutamate+glutamine (Glx)) across and between neurodevelopmental psychiatric conditions.",Neurodevelopmental Psychopathology,
CRD42023449351,"We would like to examine whether parental emotion socialization is associated with aggression, anger, and irritability in children/adolescents. Is negative parental emotion socialization, for example, associated with higher levels of aggression, anger, and irritability in children/adolescents? Is positive parental emotion socialization associated with lower levels of aggression, anger, and irritability in children/adolescents?","Irritability, aggression, and anger in children/adolescents",
CRD42024542358,"1. What does the study demonstrate about mindfulness-based approaches and meditation programs' benefits regarding stress and anxiety among medical students?
2. To what extent do mindfulness and meditation interventions affect medical students' psychological, physical, and behavioral outcomes?
3. As students are the major ones to often focus on high-stakes exams and the future, they can be vulnerable to stress and anxiety in this situation. So, the question is, what are the major causes through which meditation and mindfulness can reduce stress and anxiety among medical students?",Stress and anxiety. Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) and meditation in alleviating stress and reducing anxiety.,
CRD42024604568,"Primary:
1. What interventions are effective in reducing proximal minority stress (e.g., internalized stigma, anticipated rejection, disclosure/concealment of identity) among SGM populations?
2. What interventions are effective in reducing distal minority stress (i.e., stigma, prejudice, and acts of violence from non-SGM individuals) toward SGM groups?
Secondary:
1. How does an intervention’s impact on minority stress differ between interventions explicitly designed to address minority stress and those primarily focused on another health outcome, but that incorporate a minority stress or intersectional stigma component?
2. How does the intervention efficacy vary by intervention type?",Mental Health,
CRD42024587810,"This analysis aims to synthesize data on the prevalence of PTSD among healthcare workers from existing studies, rigorously evaluating changes in its incidence before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. By consolidating data from a series of studies, we aim to provide a comprehensive overview of the impact of a global crisis on the mental health of physicians. Additionally, we seek to identify potential risk and protective factors associated with the prevalence of PTSD within the healthcare worker population.","The COVID-19 pandemic, as an unprecedented global health crisis, has had profound implications for healthcare systems and professionals worldwide. Amid the myriad challenges faced by medical personnel, the impact on emotional and mental health has emerged as a significant focal point. As frontline responders, healthcare workers (HCWs) find themselves at the epicenter of this battle, experiencing a unique and relentless array of pressures.
Due to the exceptionally stressful work environment during the COVID-19 pandemic, HCWs are at an elevated risk of developing Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). These conditions encompass managing critical medical situations, caring for severely affected individuals, witnessing loss and trauma on a frequent basis, working in crowded and high-pressure environments, and dealing with disrupted circadian rhythms due to shift work. Understanding the prevalence of PTSD among physicians before and after the pandemic is not only critical for the well-being of these essential healthcare providers, but also imperative for the development of targeted interventions and support systems. This knowledge is crucial in crafting strategies that address the mental health needs of medical professionals, ensuring they receive the care and support they need to continue serving their communities effectively.",
CRD42024600664,"Research questions were developed using the Sample, Phenomenon of Interest, Design, Evaluation and Research type (SPIDER) qualitative strategy (Cooke et al., 2012);
1.
What are the reported (Design) lived experiences (Evaluation) of parenting (Phenomenon of Interest), from the perspective (Evaluation) of autistic parents of autistic children (Sample) in current qualitative research (Research Type)?
2.
From the parents' perspective, what supports autistic caregivers to raise their autistic children, or makes things easier?
3.
From the parents' perspective, is there anything missing in terms of support for autistic caregivers to raise their autistic child, or does anything make things harder?",Neurodevelopmental condition of autism spectrum disorder in parents and children with a focus on parenting.,
CRD420251002666,"This meta-analysis investigates the specific roles of childhood emotional abuse and neglect in adolescent self-harm, clarifying their distinct contributions to self-harm risk.","Adolescents (under 20 years of age) Childhood Trauma Questionnaire cross-sectional study,case-control study",
CRD420250652858,"Research Question (PICO Model):
Population: Adolescents (aged 10 to 19 years)
Exposure: Social factors (family, peers, school environment, access to information)
Comparison: Absence or low quality of these factors
Outcome: Prevalence of psychoactive substance use","This systematic review investigates the social factors influencing the use of psychoactive substances among adolescents, focusing on both risk and protective factors within the adolescent's social environment. The study explores how family dynamics, peer relationships, school environment, and access to information contribute to substance use behaviors. This research is relevant to public health and preventive interventions aimed at reducing substance abuse among adolescents.",
CRD42023406838,"1) What is the pooled prevalence estimate of depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder in Black post-secondary students in Canada and the U.S?
2) What are the risk and protective factors associated with these mental health difficulties in Black post-secondary students in Canada and the U.S?","Depression, Anxiety and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder",
CRD42024497379,"This research has the four following interconnected objectives: (1) to explore the strength of association between racial discrimination and mental health outcomes, (2) to investigate the moderating effects of social support on the association between racial discrimination and mental health outcomes, (3) to assess how the moderating influence of social support differs across the types and sources of support, and (4) to examine the role of sample (i.e., sex, age, race/ethnicity) and geographical region (i.e., countries) characteristics.","This study will explore how specific forms of support, such as emotional support from family and friends or informational support from organizations, distinctly influence mental health outcomes such as depression, anxiety and suicidality in the face of racial discrimination.",
CRD42023429751,"The aim of this meta-review is to synthesise evidence from systematic reviews of randomised clinical trials of parenting interventions for child and adolescent mental health outcomes (i.e., symptoms, traits, or disorder level). The review will describe the effects of (1) universal, (2) targeted, and (3) indicated parenting interventions in preventing/reducing mental health disorders in young people.","Mental disorder Our review will focus on mental health outcomes in the offspring of parents receiving parenting intervention. Outcomes will include symptoms, traits, and diagnoses of disorders such as conduct problems, externalising, internalising, anxiety disorders, affective disorders, personality disorders, ADHD, disruptive behavioural disorders, and alcohol and substance-use disorders. Inclusion:Population of parents (biological/non-biological (i.e., adoptive) mothers and/or fathers) and their offspring (no age limit).• Who either received a form of parenting intervention because it was offered to all families or the family was categorised as high-risk (i.e., familial/social) or the child was presenting with symptoms/traits/a diagnosis of a mental health condition. • Comparison group of another intervention, treatment as usual or wait list control. Exclusion:Populations selected on parents’ or offspring’s’ physical disease or disorder (e.g., cancer, seizures, surgery, asthma).Review and meta-analyses which have not identified any clinical trials of populations that are not randomised to two or more different interventions (i.e., non RCTs). Parenting Education; Parenting Skills Training; Behavioural Parent Training Intervention type: The interventions of interest are parenting interventions, which encompass interventions that aim to a) improve parenting skills, practices, or discipline style (i.e., ‘behavioural’ modifications) b) equip parents with skills to improve their self-efficacy or competence (i.e., emotional competence) c) improve parent-child relationship. Interventions should focus on improving child outcomes.Intervention delivery method: We will include all intervention delivery methods; group-based, individual, peer-led, professional, online resources, videos and informational leaflets. Exclusion: We will exclude reviews that do not involve randomised clinical trials or target parental mental health as a form of parenting intervention and those that target parental resources (e.g., providing clothes, diapers). We will also not include data from studies that focuses on interventions other than the ones described above (e.g., increasing cognitive stimulation). PICO tags selected: Usual Care; Sham Intervention ; Waiting list control Those that received no intervention, received a different intervention, or received treatment as usual.",
CRD42020158779,"1) To estimate the pooled prevalence of prolonged grief disorder in Sub-Saharan Africa context.
2) To examine the relevant comorbidities and correlates of prolonged grief.","It is well known that the loss of a loved person by death is an upsetting period in one’s life, and recent empirical studies have showed that grief reactions can be severely disturbed resulting in prolonged grief disorder (PGD). Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has one of the highest levels of mortality globally. Better understanding of grief experience in SSA, its psychopathological conditions i.e. PGD and co-occurring conditions such as depression, PTSD, anxiety, and associated risk factors is needed for clinical practices and public health policy.",
CRD42023469486,"In at-risk families with children and adolescents, how does the implementation of intensive family preservation services compare to treatment as usual, alternative interventions, or a waiting list (with no care) in impacting the prevention of out-of-home placement, reduction of child maltreatment incidents, improvement in family functioning, reduction of child problems associated with parental issues, and enhancement of parenting skills?","The focus of this research is on Intensive Family Preservation Programs (IFPS), interventions designed to enhance the well-being of at-risk families with children and adolescents. IFPS is typically applied in situations where there is a significant risk of out-of-home placement for the child, instances of child maltreatment within these families, family functioning issues including communication problems and conflicts, as well as challenges related to child behavioral, emotional, or psychological problems often associated with parental stressors. Additionally, IFPS seeks to improve the parenting skills and competencies of caregivers within these families, recognizing the pivotal role effective parenting plays in child well-being. Employing a multi-level meta-analysis approach, this research comprehensively evaluates the impact and cost-effectiveness of IFPS programs across various dimensions of family well-being and child outcomes in these challenging circumstances.",
CRD42023493533,"1. What behaviour change techniques (BCTs), as defined by The Behaviour Change Techniques Ontology (Marques et al., 2023), are used in digital health interventions for Stroke Rehabilitation?
2. What behaviours (i.e. diet, exercise, mental health, physical activity, medication adherence, lifestyle) are targeted in digital health interventions?
3. What modes of delivery (i.e. wearables, mobile apps, gamification, social community support, expert interaction with psychologists, virtual reality) are used to modify health behaviour?
4. What outcomes (i.e. engagement markers, follow-up, monitoring of behaviour changes, validation of results gathered) are reported?
5. What behaviour change techniques are utilised in digital health interventions for stroke rehabilitation, and what evidence exists regarding their effectiveness in improving outcomes?","We plan to review health interventions focused on stroke rehabilitation. These may include interventions targeting physical recovery, cognitive enhancement, and improvements in activities of daily living. No restriction will be placed on the study size, and the behaviour change theory reported.",
CRD420251015607,"To systematically analyze the effectiveness and limitations of group therapy in improving mental and cognitive issues in patients with depression, both domestically and internationally, and to explore potential optimization strategies, providing references for clinical practice and research.","Children, adults and elderly with depression Group Cognitive Behavioural Therapy; Art Therapy; Mindfulness",
CRD42024539718,"Provide an overview of the effectiveness of structured physical activity (PA) on young people's mental health, synthesising the umbrella reviews on the topic and comparing the results with current guidelines.We chose to select umbrella reviews as they represent one of the highest levels of scientific evidence and summarise the results of multiple existing systematic reviews or meta-analyses, allowing easy comparison of key findings. Given the exponential growth of the field, there is the need to relate the most consistent data so far gathered with current evidence-based guidelines and recommendations for professionals in health services, youth organizations, sporting clubs, and schools to advance the field so that they can be rapidly translated into practice.","We refer to the World Health Organization (WHO) definition of mental health as a state of mental well-being and no longer considered as the mere absence of mental disorders; it exists on a complex continuum, which is experienced differently by each individual, with varying degrees of difficulties and potentially different social and clinical outcomes (WHO, 2022). Inclusion criteria: children, adolescents and youth structured physical activity programmes Not applicable",
CRD42024547801,"How effective are each of three types of STAIR treatments in reducing PTSD symptoms. The three treatments are: STAIR Narrative Therapy and its extension ESTAIR, STAIR alone, and webSTAIR.","PTSD will be assessed as measured by different diagnostic systems and include DSM-5 PTSD, DSM-IV PTSD, DSM-III(R) PTSD, ICD-11 PTSD, ICD-11 CPTSD, ICD-10 PTSD.",
CRD42024557625,1. To describe the characteristics of studies that have developed or tested measures,"Parental alienation refers to the actions and attitudes manifested by a child who allies strongly with one parent and rejects contact or a relationship with the other parent without legitimate justification (Bernet et al., 2022). Bernet, W., Baker, A. J. L., & Adkins II, K. L. (2022). Definitions and terminology regarding child alignments, estrangement, and alienation: A survey of custody evaluators. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 67(1), 279-288. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/1556-4029.14868 All populations (including both adults and children) where psychometric measures of parental alienation have been tested or implemented. The review aims to identify measures rather than interventions/exposures. The measures themselves may be full scales/questionnaires and/or subscales of parental alienation or associated outcomes (see main outcomes). Studies eligible for inclusion in the review had to have reported the development and/or evaluation of a measure specifically designed to assess parental alienation. As this review focuses on psychometric evaluation, a measure is defined as an instrument concerned with quantitative measurement of a latent construct. The review included both patient-reported outcome measures (PROMS)/self-report measures and clinician-reported measures.",Settings or populations where a measure of parental alienation has not been used.
CRD42025635510,"Our systematic review and meta-analysis aim to determine whether in utero exposure to maternal corticosteroids is associated with an increased risk of anxiety and depression in childhood and adolescence. This broad question can be subdivided into specific aspects:
What is the magnitude of the risk of developing anxiety and depression among children exposed to corticosteroids in utero compared to non-exposed children?
Are there critical periods during gestation when corticosteroid exposure is associated with higher risks?
Does the duration or dosage of corticosteroid exposure affect the outcome?","The review focuses on mental health outcomes, specifically anxiety and depression, following exposure to corticosteroids in utero. This involves examining neurodevelopmental outcomes in the context of prenatal pharmaceutical interventions.",
CRD42024613249,What is the incidence rate of neurodegenerative diseases of elderly people in Russia?,"Mild Cognitive Impairment; Dementia; Dementia Due To Alzheimer's Disease; Parkinson's Disease Degenerative disease, Cognitive Decline, Dementia, Parkinson Disease, Alzheimer Disease Adults in Russia above 50. The primary exposures to be assessed include known risk factors for dementia (where available): high cholesterol, lower education levels, hearing loss, hypertension, smoking, obesity, depression, physical inactivity, diabetes, excessive alcohol consumption, traumatic brain injury, air pollution, and social isolation.",
CRD42020214070,"1. What factor structures of the International Trauma Questionnaire (ITQ) best represent the dimensionality of ICD-11 (International Classification of Diseases 11th Revision) PTSD (post-traumatic stress disorder) and CPTSD (complex post-traumatic stress disorder) constructs?
2. What are the most common groups (classes) that best represent ICD-11 PTSD and CPTSD symptom profiles across different sample types?",The latent structure (factor analytic and mixture models) of ICD-11 PTSD and CPTSD using the International Trauma Questionnaire.,
CRD42021225689,An evaluation of the effects of meditation-exclusive interventions on emotion regulation ability using the DERS. Does emotion regulation ability improve from pre- to post-meditation practice?,"Emotion regulation is the activation of a goal to alter the trajectory of the current emotion experience, response and expression (Gross, 1998). Emotion dysregulation has been proposed as a factor contributing to the psychopathology of mental health disorders. Our definition of emotion regulation will follow the multi-dimensional model by Gratz and Roemer (2004) which conceptualises emotion regulation into four facets: (1) the awareness and understanding of emotions, (2) the acceptance of emotions, (3) the ability to control impulsive behaviors and behave in accordance with desired goals when experiencing negative emotions, and (4) the ability to situationally-appropriate emotion regulation strategies flexibly to modulate emotional responses as desired in order to meet individual goals and situational demands. This multi-dimensional framework provides an understanding of how the dysregulation of emotion can occur. In line with this model, Gratz and Roemer (2004) created the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) to measure emotion regulation. Reflecting the four facets of the model, the scale consists of six subscales: (1) Non-acceptance of emotional responses, (2) difficulty engaging in goal-directed behavior, (3) impulse control difficulties, (4) lack of emotional awareness, (5) limited access to emotion regulation strategies and a (6) lack of emotional clarity.",
CRD420250645939,How do conceptual frameworks that define dyslexia as either a neurodivergence or a cognitive impairment shape the educational experiences of individuals with dyslexia across diverse cultural and institutional contexts?,"Dyslexia; Education The impact of the perceptions of dyslexia as a neurodiversity or impairment on the mental health outcomes of students with dyslexia in different educational settings across different cultures, cannot be measured through quantitative methods as this review focuses on the experiences of these individuals through their personal narratives of individuals with dyslexia. In addition, there are no qualitative systematic reviews that explore dyslexia and mental health as most of the conducted reviews are quantitative, which increases the significance of this review as it enables us to understand the influence of these outcomes on the experiences of dyslexic students in schools and universities in different cultures. Indeed, research indicates that students with dyslexia and other learning disabilities face a significantly higher risk of suicidal thoughts and behaviours compared to their peers without such challenges. In fact, Teenagers with reading difficulties were three times more likely to consider or attempt suicide and six times more likely to drop out of school than typical readers (Wilmot, 2023). While these studies highlight the increased risk among individuals with learning disabilities, specific comparative statistics on suicidal tendencies among students with dyslexia between Eastern and Western countries are limited (Wilmot, 2023).   Inclusion: Students who are diagnosed with dyslexia who belong to school and university settings. Qualitative studies that explore the experiences and perceptions of dyslexia in different educational settings, and their influence on the mental health of these individuals. Qualitative studies were chosen as there are lack of qualitative systematic reviews looking at the influence of these perspectives on shaping the experiences of these individuals in universities and schools. Exposure: Dyslexia and Mental health outcomes such as anxiety, depression, self-esteem, self-efficacy, confidence, suicidal tendencies, and self-harm. These outcomes can be divided into positive outcomes that are associated with perceiving dyslexia as a neurodiversity such as Increased self-esteem and self-efficacy, enhanced emotional well-being, reduced anxiety and depression due to inclusive practices and supportive environments, and Improved coping strategies and resilience. Whereas negative outcomes are usually associated with perceiving dyslexia as a form of impairment including Increased rates of anxiety, depression, and stress. Feelings of inadequacy, shame, or low self-worth. Social isolation or stigmatization. Emotional distress resulting from a lack of accommodations or understanding, self-harm, and suicidal tendencies The perceptions and experiences of students with dyslexia, viewing dyslexia as neurodivergence and an impairment","Exclusion: Students with ADHD, autism or epilepsy who obtain official diagnosis for these disabilities who belong to schools and universities as they do not align with the focus of this review, which is only on students with dyslexia in different educational settings. Studies that explore parents' perspectives, and theoretical pieces are also excluded."
CRD42024587847,"What are the reported health outcomes, adverse events and patient satisfaction related to the use of botulinum toxin (botox) for mental health disorders?","Botulinum toxin (commonly known as Botox) is gaining recognition as a potential treatment for various mental health disorders. Research has investigated Botox as a therapeutic option for conditions such as depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and social-anxiety disorder. The hypothesis driving these studies is that Botox’s ability to temporarily paralyse specific facial muscles may influence emotional regulation through the facial feedback mechanism. This mechanism suggests that by reducing the ability to frown or exhibit negative emotions, Botox may positively impact mood and overall mental health.
The primary health outcomes to be examined include reductions in severity of depressive episodes, anxiety levels, and PTSD-related symptoms. The review will also assess improvements in cognitive function, sleep quality, and reductions in drug/substance use associated with Botox treatment. Additional outcomes include enhancements in quality of life, psychosocial functioning, and resilience to stress, reductions in chronic pain and better emotional regulation.
Furthermore, the review will consider potential adverse effects such as headaches, muscle weakness, injection site reactions, psychological impacts or negative mood changes associated with the treatment.",
CRD42024615866,"What are the most common causes of acute toxic exposures or presentations of patients in low-to-middle income countries?
We aim to search for acute overdoses, toxic ingestions, and any envenomation in LMICs, as well as outcome data, if reported.","We aim to study acute overdoses, ingestions, and envenomations in LMICs. The aim is to categorize, and quantify, as well as geographically depict the number of toxicology-related cases that are severe in LMICs.",
CRD42025621622,"To explore the impact of journalling, reflective writing, and self-monitoring on mental health outcomes/related behaviours, focusing on intervention design, implementation strategies, and underlying theoretical frameworks.",Mental health outcomes in human subjects,
CRD420250649645,1. Provide a conceptualisation of the experience of racism for racialised minority healthcare staff in the UK,"The experience and the processes that perpetuate the experience of racism for staff working in healthcare in the United Kingdom will be studied. This will include narratives relating to the physical and mental health impacts of staff after experiencing racism and whilst working in racialised systems, as well as the impacts to services and organisations when staff in healthcare experience racism at work. This may include, but is not limited to considerations regarding staffing, sick leave, and patient care. Staff, from racialised minority backgrounds, working in healthcare in the United Kingdom will be the considered population. All staff who self-identify as being from a racialised minority background will be considered irrespective of professional group. All staff, irrespective of age, will be considered and included. Exposure inclusion criteria to include the experience of racism for staff. Racism will be defined as bullying, harassment, or discrimination aimed at staff working in healthcare, on the basis of their racial identity. Racism may be perceived as verbal or non-verbal discriminative actions. Racial microaggressions, as defined as the verbal or non-verbal forms of communication that is often subtle, will also be included in the definition of racism. Racism to staff to include experiences of racism from colleagues, patients, or any member of the public that they encounter whilst at work. Narratives of structural, systemic, and institutional racism will be considered as pertaining to racialised individuals working in healthcare.","Studies with populations of staff who do not identify as being from a racialised minority background will excluded, unless the study also incorporates the narratives of staff from racialised minority backgrounds. This study is concerned with healthcare staff working in the UK - studies located outside the UK, or concerned with healthcare from countries other than the UK, without narratives derived from the context of UK healthcare, will be excluded. Experiences of bullying, harassment, or discrimination directed at a protected characteristic that is not racial identity will not be included. Narratives of experiences for individuals who do not identity as being from a racialised minority background will be excluded Non-narrative experiences of racism will excluded, i.e., studies of quantitative research design."
CRD42023427743,Are positive behavioural management strategies acceptable for managing challenging behaviours in adolescent residential settings?,"Identified challenging behaviours which can include self-harm, aggression, and violence are frequent in residential settings including in-patient units, residential care homes, and psychiatric intensive care units (PICU) and can lead to increases in the length of stay of a patient (Baeza et al., 2013; Dean et al., 2008; McCluskey et al., 2022).",
CRD42020214814,What is currently considered best practice with regard to psychological and psychosocial interventions for adult refugees? And what do adult refugees and mental health service providers perceive to be the benefits and challenges of psychological and psychosocial interventions?,Psychological and psychosocial interventions with adult refugees,
CRD42023464895,"What medicines have been tried to augment the effects of SSRIs in subjects diagnosed with OCD less than 18 years of age, who have been resistant or refractory to SSRI treatment?
What is the pooled effect size of pharmacological augmentation strategies and of individual medications used for augmentation as measured by standardized instruments such as CY-BOCS in the randomized controlled trials?","Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is a known mental health disorder characterized by obsessions, that are repetetive, and intrusive thoughts, images or ideas that are considered irrational or excessive by an individual, and by compulsions, that are repetetive physical or mental acts to relieve anxiety related to obsessions.",
CRD42025638194,"Our study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of treatments for constipation during pregnancy through a network meta-analysis. Specifically, you plan to compare the efficacy of various pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions in alleviating constipation symptoms in pregnant women, as well as their safety profiles for both mother and fetus. This research will help identify the most suitable treatment options for constipation during pregnancy.","Constipation is a common gastrointestinal issue during pregnancy, affecting maternal quality of life and potentially leading to complications such as hemorrhoids. Chronic constipation increases intra-abdominal pressure, placing excessive stress on the pelvic floor muscles. This elevates the risk of postpartum pelvic floor disorders, significantly impacting the quality of life and physical and mental health of pregnant women. There are a range of suggested treatments with drugs, supplements or dietary modifications. Pharmacological interventions include medications from a wide range of drug classes including lubricants, bulk‐forming agents, osmotic laxatives, stimulant laxatives, stool softeners, and enemas and suppositories. However, there is limited comprehensive evidence on the comparative effectivenessof various interventions for managing constipation during pregnancy. This network meta-analysis (NMA) aims to synthesize available evidence and provide a ranking of treatments based on their efficacy and safety.",
CRD42023447589,"the long-term evolution of cognitive impairments following a First Episode of Psychosis (FEP) remains contentious. Previous reviews have focused on the first 5 years after the onset of psychosis, and reported that cognition was stable or even improved during that time. However, more recent studies looking at longer follow-up periods reported cognitive decline 10 years and 2 decades after the FEP. Considering these contentious findings, we aim to investigate the trajectory of cognition following a FEP 5+ years after the onset of psychosis by building upon the recent meta-analysis of Watson and colleagues (2022).","We are investigating changes in cognition, longitudinally, after the FEP. Here, changes in cognition refers to changes in domain-specific performance of the MATRICS cognitive domains, such as attention, processing speed, verbal and visual learning, social cognition, problem-solving, reasoning, and working memory.",
CRD42024606008,"In existing genetic case-control studies of PTSD, which gene polymorphisms have a significant impact on the diagnosis of PTSD under different conditions of diagnostic criteria, age groups, types of trauma, ancestry and whether the control group experienced the same trauma?""","Posttraumatic Stress Disorder; Genetics.
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a clinically observable phenomenon that occurs following significant traumatic events, such as war, natural disasters, or other stressful events. Over the past decade, the literature on genetic variation in the field of PTSD has grown annually. However, due to substantial differences between studies in terms of design types, sample demographic variables, trauma types, diagnostic tools, etc., the high heterogeneity among studies, difficulties in reproducing and comparing results, hinder further exploration of the genetic structure of PTSD. Therefore, we aim to comprehensively integrate current research in the field of PTSD genetics and further explore the data, attempting to identify the most reliable genes influencing PTSD.",
CRD420250645453,"How does facial symmetry influence perceived attractiveness, and what role do moderating factors such as averageness, distinctiveness, and masculinity/femininity play in this relationship?","This systematic review examines the impact of facial symmetry on perceived attractiveness within the field of facial aesthetics. Symmetry is often linked to genetic quality and developmental stability, but its role in attractiveness remains debated. This review aims to assess the evidence on symmetry’s influence on attractiveness and explore the moderating effects of averageness, distinctiveness, and masculinity/femininity. Inclusion:• Studies including human participants aged 18 years and older.• Participants who evaluate facial attractiveness. Inclusion:• Studies that manipulate facial symmetry (e.g., perfectly symmetrical vs. natural faces).• Studies that measure facial symmetry objectively (e.g., geometric morphometrics, digital manipulations). Inclusion:• Studies that compare attractiveness ratings of manipulated symmetrical faces and unaltered/asymmetrical faces.• Studies correlating measured facial symmetry (or fluctuating asymmetry, FA) with attractiveness ratings.","Exclusion: • Studies using moving or dynamic stimuli (e.g., videos, moving faces). • Studies where symmetry was manipulated along with other facial features (e.g., skin tone, interocular distance) unless symmetry was analyzed separately. • Studies evaluating regional symmetry (e.g., only the chin or eyes) only instead of whole-face symmetry. • Studies that only exaggerate asymmetry rather than manipulating symmetry. Exclusion: • Studies that do not include a comparison between symmetrical and asymmetrical faces in studies manipulating symmetry"
CRD42023447031,1) What is the evidence on the effectiveness of gatekeeper training programs on promoting suicide prevention literacy and gatekeeper behaviours in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs)?2) What are the key characteristics of gatekeeper training programs evaluated in LMICs?3) Is there any evidence that gatekeeper training is effective in reducing suicide deaths or suicidal behaviour in LMICs?,"Suicide Inclusion: All potential ""gatekeepers"", that is, anyone who may have contact with individuals at risk of suicide, including but not limited to doctors, nurses, police, counsellors, teachers, caregivers, etc. Community-centred approach Inclusion: Educational interventions or programs that provide skills training in recognising and responding to suicide risks. The content of training may include recognising suicide warning signs (alternatively, assessing suicide risks) and appropriately responding to individuals at risk of suicide (inc. offering referral pathways and/or performing safety planning). Inclusion: Valid comparators include comparison interventions and no-intervention groups. We will also include before-after studies with no control groups if controlled trials are scarce.","Exclusion: (a) programs that provide no skills training in helping other people in distress; (b) treatment, therapeutic, or psychoeducational programs aimed at preventing or reducing psychological symptoms (e.g., stress management programs, psychoeducational or CBT-based programs to prevent or reduce symptoms of depression, and mindfulness-based skills training); or, (c) workshops delivered to journalists for responsible media reporting of suicide."
CRD42023408373,"1. How strong is the existing published evidence for the effects of perinatal depression interventions on depressive symptoms and disorders?
2. To what extent are the effects of perinatal depression interventions durable?
3. If beneficial effects are observed across studies, to what degree is there risk of bias in these studies, and to what degree does this reduce our confidence in the public health benefits of perinatal depression interventions?
4. Are the effects of perinatal depression interventions modified by whether care is provided in medical settings versus outside of medical settings?
5. Are the effects of perinatal depression interventions modified by whether mental-health specialists versus non-mental health specialists deliver them?
6. If there is enough data, is there evidence of an interaction between intervention provider type (mental-health professional versus non-mental-health professional) and setting (medical setting versus non-medical setting)?",Depressive symptoms and disorders as measured by instruments whose psychometric properties have been established in prior studies.,
CRD420250650682,What is the effect of compound climate events and disasters on health and well-being for populations and communities globally who are exposed to compound hazards compared to populations who are exposed to singular hazards or not exposed at all?,"Well-being; Healthcare services; Morbidity; All Cause Mortality; Health Care Utilization Measures of health such as mental health, disease prevalence, mortality, and healthcare access impacted by direct compound climate exposure or indirectly through food insecurity and displacement. All populations globally in high-, low-, and middle-income countries. Main inclusion criteria for exposure includes compound climate events and disasters defined as:1. Preconditioned: climate drivers and/or hazards that amplify or trigger another such as snow followed by a warm spell and heavy rain resulting in severe flooding2. Multivariate: multiple co-occurring drivers and/or hazards in the same geographical region such as co-occurring drought and heatwave 3. Temporally compounding: sequential hazards in a geographical region such as heatwaves followed by heavy precipitation 4. Spatially compounding: multiple connected locations or regions that are affected by similar or different hazards within a limited timeframe Main exclusion criteria for exposure includes singular climate hazards and disasters. All populations globally in high-, low-, and middle-income countries that are exposed to singular climate hazards or disasters or not exposed at all.",
CRD420250607165,The facilitators and barriers of the emotional literacy support assistant intervention,"Emotional intelligence; Emotional Support Education; Emotional Support Wellbeing intervention - Emotional Literacy Support Assistants (ELSA) - school based intervention. Inclusion: published research of the emotional literacy support assistant intervention, intervention supporting children ages 5 - 18 years old in the United Kingdom. Operational Definition of the Emotional Literacy Support Assistant (ELSA) InterventionContent: The ELSA intervention supports children's emotional and social needs in schools. It includes:Emotional Literacy: Teaching children to recognise, understand, and manage their emotions and empathize with others.Emotional Regulation: Strategies to manage emotional responses.Resilience and Self-Esteem: Activities to build resilience and self-esteem.Social Skills: Developing interpersonal skills.Grief and Loss: Support and coping strategies for dealing with grief.Positive Psychology: Promoting well-being through positive practices.Delivery: The intervention is delivered by trained ELSAs in schools:Training: ELSAs receive comprehensive training from educational psychologists, typically over six days.Sessions: Support is provided through individual or small group sessions.Supervision: Regular supervision from educational psychologists ensures quality.Resources: ELSAs use various materials, including handbooks and activity guides.Integration: The intervention is integrated into the school's support system, with collaboration between ELSAs, teachers, and school leadership.This definition highlights the structured approach of the ELSA intervention, focusing on its comprehensive content and systematic delivery to support students' emotional and social development.","Exclusion: adults (over 18), research focussed on any other intervention."
CRD42024505158,"What are the most commonly utilized Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) for assessing Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) in children with short stature?
How do these measures contribute to our understanding of the psychosocial and emotional well-being of this population?","Achondroplasia, Growth Hormone Deficiency, and Small-for-Gestational-Age",
CRD420250581208,How does being diagnosed or living with Pulmonary Hypertension affect how a person sees themselves (self-image/self-concept),"Pulmonary Hypertension; Poor Self-image Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a condition characterised by high blood pressure in the arteries of the lungs occurring when the blood vessels in the lungs constrict or become blocked, restricting blood to flow through the lungs. This forces the right side of the heart to work harder to pump blood, eventually leading to enlargement and weakening of the heart. This causes symptoms such as fatigue, shortness of breath, dizziness and pain which make it difficult for people to complete activities of daily living. This can negatively impact patients causing depression, anxiety, stress and social withdrawal. Inclusion:Diagnosed with Pulmonary [Arterial] Hypertension.All ages where self-report is possible (including children and adolescents)Participants do not need to be diagnosed as an adult, reports of those born with the condition can be included. Inclusion:Pulmonary Hypertension and Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension are both exposures to be included. Papers reporting other pulmonary or cardiac conditions can only be included of PH is within the sample.Papers must report outcomes of living with or adjusting to PH and its impact on self-image/self-concept (as defined in section 39). Outcomes of the patient population can be reported vicariously (e.g. clinician reports of common complaints within the population).Outcomes do not have to be the primary focus of the study, and can be reported as a secondary finding (e.g. social changes after a pharmaceutical intervention for fatigue). Outcomes reported by patients via healthcare providers or surveys can also be accepted. The review will include any studies that compare outcomes of people with PH to a healthy population, or populations with other health conditions.","Exclusion: Does not include PH or PAH as a listed condition Self-Image/self-concept outcomes focus only on carers. Perinatal and Infant Populations Exclusion: Studies that do not explicitly report PH in their sample. No impact to the self-concept/self-image is identified. Papers that only report medical outcomes. Outcomes reported are only third party observations, and not reported by the population either directly or indirectly."
CRD420251004025,"What are the reported sensory outcomes (e.g., monofilament threshold, vibration detection, temperature perception) following NAC reinnervation in gender-affirming mastectomy?","This review will include studies involving individuals undergoing gender-affirming mastectomy (also referred to as transmasculine chest reconstruction or top surgery) who receive targeted nipple-areola complex (NAC) reinnervation. Eligible populations include: Transgender and gender-diverse individuals assigned female at birth undergoing bilateral mastectomy as part of gender-affirming care. Individuals 16 years and older, as most gender-affirming surgical outcomes are reported in adolescent and adult populations. Patients who undergo NAC reinnervation, including direct nerve coaptation, autologous or cadaveric nerve grafting, or other nerve-preserving techniques. General health advice; Surgery; Elective Surgery PICO tags selected: Usual Care","Cisgender patients undergoing NAC neurotization for oncologic mastectomy unless gender-affirming cases are analyzed separately. Patients under 16 years old. Studies without documented NAC reinnervation techniques. Case reports, reviews, and non-human studies."
CRD420250642508,"What interventions have been developed, and how effective are they in supporting the MH and Wellbeing of Service Personnel","Military mental health prevention interventions Serving military personnel; prevention of mental ill health; english language; Peer reviewed, empirical research; Published between Jan 2006 and Jan 2023. Papers were eligible for inclusion if they reported an intervention designed and delivered with military personnel, aimed at preventing future mental health problems, were published in English, were peer-reviewed, and published between January 2006 and September 2024. These dates were selected to ensure key literature was included. The focus of this review is serving personnel; exclusion criteria included non-military environments, interventions for people with diagnoses of mental ill health (that is, not prevention), non-western militaries, veterans, and non-empirical research.","non-military environments, interventions for people with diagnoses of mental ill health (that is, not prevention), non-western militaries, veterans, and non-empirical research."
CRD42023396368,What are eating disorder treatment outcomes and experiences for autistic individuals with an eating disorder?,"Autistic individuals with current or lifetime history of an eating disorder (ED), including but not limited to, anorexia nervosa (AN), binge eating disorder (BED), bulimia nervosa (BN), avoidant restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) or eating disorder not otherwise specified (EDNOS).",
CRD420251017388,"to investigate in the literature the differences in clinical, psychiatric, sociodemographic, cognitive and prognostic variables between obese bipolar patients when compared to non-obese ones","Studies that met the following criteria were included in this systematic review: 1) Articles published up to March 10, 2025. 2) Being an analytical study (ecological; cross-sectional; case-control; cohort) in which the sample should be at least 30 patients. Longitudinal and cross-sectional trials were selected, in addition to additional references found in the bibliography of these articles, with the same methodology specified above, which were captured and met the selection criteria for this study. 3) Original studies with samples consisting of individuals with bipolar disorder in which those with obesity or overweight were compared, regarding any clinical or demographic aspects, with those with normal weight. 4) Clearly expose the diagnosis of BD in the research and follow the criteria of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD 9, 10 and 11) or Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-III; IV and V). Psychiatric Therapeutic Procedure","Studies that did not meet these criteria, as well as duplicates (e.g., dissertations and theses published in other forms, such as scientific articles, books or book chapters), were excluded from the scope of the review. Literature review articles, systematic reviews, in vitro or animal studies, studies that referred to patients with mental disorders in general and articles that did not respond to the objective were also excluded."
CRD42024513550,How do specific components of the fungal cell wall modulate the immune system in humans?,"Fungal cell wall components, such as β-glucans and chitin, are notable for their ability to interact with the immune system. β-Glucans are fungi, yeasts, algae and many other organisms. They are recognised by the immune system and can trigger a range of immune responses. Chitin, is also found in the cell walls of fungi and is known for its ability to modulate immune responses.
Interest in these components stems from their potential benefits in enhancing immune defence mechanisms, potentially leading to improved outcomes in allergy suppression, and overall immune health. The precise mechanisms through which these components exert their effects involve various cells of the immune system, including macrophages, and dendritic cell and others. These interactions can lead to altered cytokine production, and modulation of T-cell responses, contributing to both innate and adaptive immunity. The increasing prevalence of immune-related disorders and the ongoing search for dietary strategies to support immune function, the role of dietary fungal cell wall components in immunomodulation represents an area of investigation. This systematic literature review aims to explore to which dietary intake of fungal cell wall components influences immune responses in humans, identifying potential therapeutic applications and guiding future research in nutritional immunology.",
CRD42022344954,"In children with autism, is equine assisted therapy an effective intervention for improving stress resilience and
executive function?","Autism Spectrum Disorder is a neurodevelopmental disorder in which the core symptom domains are constituted by
deficits in social communication as well as restricted, repetitive patterns of behaviour and interest (DSM 5th edition)
Further symptoms related to these challenges include intellectual and language delays as well as behaviour and
emotion regulation difficulties (Ousley & Cermak, 2014; Hodges et al., 2020; Mazefsky & Minshew, 2010). A formal
diagnosis of Pervasive Developmental Disorder (DSM-IV) or Autism Spectrum Disorder (DSM-V) by a medical or
mental health professional using either DSM-IV or DSM-V criteria is required.",
CRD42021281478,"Primary: Does the perception of body image differ between Latino adults (≥ age 18) and their white peers in the United States? What factors are associated with body image for Latino adults?
Secondary: Does the perception of body image differ between LGBTQ+ Latino adults (≥ age 18) and their cis-gender heterosexual Latino peers?
Secondary: How did body image change during the COVID-19 pandemic among Latinos?","Body image, as dictated by the National Eating Disorder Association, encompasses an individual’s thoughts about their own appearance, how they feel about their body, and how they sense and control their body in movement.
Thoughts about appearance can include memories, assumptions, and generalizations about one’s body. Feelings about one’s body can be related to characteristics such as height, shape, and weight. Body image that is perceived when one’s body is in motion is characterized by the physical experience or feeling of being in one’s body.",
CRD420250636525,"What is the trustworthiness and reporting quality of randomized trials on pharmacological and psychological interventions for preventing chronic pain after orthopedic and musculoskeletal surgeries?How do these aspects, assessed using the TRACT and CONSORT checklists, relate to bibliographic characteristics such as journal impact factor, single-center versus multi-center, geographic region, institutional affiliation, and risk of bias?","Chronic Postoperative Pain; Psychiatric Pharmacologic Management; Therapeutic Psychology Chronic pain following orthopedic and musculoskeletal surgeries is a persistent condition that significantly affects patients' quality of life, functional abilities, and mental health. Despite advances in surgical techniques and perioperative care, a substantial proportion of patients develop chronic post-surgical pain, which is associated with complex pathophysiological mechanisms and its prevention remains a critical challenge in the healthcare domain. We will include randomized trials that enrolled adult patients undergoing musculoskeletal or orthopedic surgeries and assessed pain at three months or more after surgery. Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug; Antidepressants; Corticosteroids; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Psychotherapy; Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy Eligible interventions include perioperative pharmacological treatments (e.g., NSAIDs, gabapentinoids, antidepressants, corticosteroids) and psychological interventions (e.g., cognitive-behavioral therapy, psychoeducation, guided imagery, mindfulness-based therapy) delivered individually, in groups, or in combination. Eligible interventions aim to prevent CPSP in patients undergoing musculoskeletal or orthopedic surgeries. PICO tags selected: Placebo; Usual Care; Waiting list control The interventions will be compared against placebo, usual care, no treatment, or waitlist control groups, as well as other active pharmacological or psychological interventions.","The exclusion criteria for this review include trials involving pediatric patients, studies assessing acute pain or pain within three months post-surgery, studies without relevant outcome data, dose-finding studies, and trials combining treatments with non-uniform co-interventions such as physical therapy. We will exclude dose-finding trials, studies without relevant outcome, and those combining pharmacological or psychological interventions with other treatments (e.g., physical therapy) unless the co-interventions were uniformly applied across all participants. Exclusion criteria for comparators include studies without a relevant control group (e.g., no treatment or placebo), and trials comparing interventions with non-standard treatments or co-interventions that are not uniformly applied across all participants."
CRD420250653700,To evaluate the effectiveness of these technologies in supporting children's mental health.,No Published between 2020 to 2024 Publications in scientific articles Publications in English Related to the field of study Published between 2020 to 2024 Publications in scientific articles Publications in English Related to the field of study,"Published outside the established time interval. Published in a format other than a scientific article (congress, thesis, etc.) Published in a language other than English Research not related to the field of study. Published outside the established time interval. Published in a format other than a scientific article (congress, thesis, etc.) Published in a language other than English Research not related to the field of study."
CRD42021239131,"A population of youth with mental health problems do not fit any specific DSM diagnosis or they fit many over time. This population experiences severe and enduring mental health problems (SEMHP), while cannot be identified by current diagnostics. A definition has been emerged [5] for persons with severe psychiatric disorders (see 19). However, although this definition is based on a large sample size, the sample mainly consists of adults. Therefore, the description is limited in its application to youth. While, youth could experience a psychiatric disorder that requires care with severe disabilities in social functioning, this could manifest itself in a completely different way than in adults [10]. The definition could be used as a starting point, but the meaning of severe mental health problems and enduring mental health problems of youth needs to be explored. The understanding of youth with SEMHP requires further insight in the characteristics of these youth and the factors that might contribute to the development and continuation of SEMHP (see 23). The main objective of this review is to identify key features of SEMHP in youth.This is converted to four research questions:
1. In what manner is there (in the existing literature) referred to severe and enduring mental health problems in youth?
2. What is known about the concepts associated with SEMHP?
3. What is known about the nature of problems developing in SEMHP?
3.1 What is known about associated biopsychosocial factors with SEMHP in youth?
4. What is known about the impact of SEMHP on youth?",The conditions that will be studied will be Severe and Enduring Mental Health Problems in Youth. The domains that will be studied are the biopsychosocial factors and the impact of severe and enduring mental health problems.,
CRD42022311367,"Is high residential mobility associated with poorer child outcomes, cognition, or physical and mental health in Indigenous children from Australia, Canada and New Zealand?","Child outcomes including: physical health, mental health and wellbeing, social and emotional wellbeing, cognitive development, behavioral development and academic outcomes.",
CRD420250614560,To estimate the pooled prevalence of depression and anxiety among people with disabilities.,"Depression and anxiety among people with disabilities. - People with disabilities, with disability defined by the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health Model and the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (this includes people with specific conditions deemed likely to result in disability [eg, spina bifida and schizophrenia], specific impairments [eg, visual, hearing, and physical impairments], and disability measured through functioning, activity limitations, or self-report [eg, Washington Group questions and activities of daily living]), no quantitative duration of disability is required. - All age and any sex. - Disability, as defined under Population. A comparator is not necessary, and both comparative and non-comparative studies will be included.","- Some measures of disability will not eligible, including mild functional impairment (e.g., visual acuity ≥20/40, Washington group questions that reported some difficulty or less, only one functional limitation in activities of daily life), frailty alone, and disability as a continuous measure. - Studies where disability is defined as depression/anxiety alone (e.g. via Washing Group questions) will be excluded. - Although dementia would meet the definition of disability, we will exclude studies on dementia alone, given the association between pseudo-dementia and depression, and the difficulty deriving accurate prevalence estimates for this population. Pseudo-dementia refers to symptoms that mimic those of dementia but have other underlying causes, which is often depression."
CRD420250550245,Does Access to Intimate Relationships lead to positive outcomes for Inpatient Forensic Mental Health Populations? Does Access to Intimate Relationships affect mental health outcomes for Inpatient Forensic Mental Health Populations? Does Access to Intimate Relationships affect wellbeing among Inpatient Forensic Mental Health Populations? Does Access to Intimate Relationships lead to negative outcomes for Inpatient Forensic Mental Health Populations? Do Inpatient Forensic Mental Health Populations who have access to intimate relationships present a higher level of risk?,Well-being; Inpatient Care Health and wellbeing of inpatient forensic mental health patients. Forensic Inpatient Mental Health Populations. To include literature relating to a general adult human population. To include forensic unit or secure setting inpatient populations. The intervention is permitted access to intimate relationships with consenting partners.To include access to physical intimacy (ranging from holding hands to sexual intercourse) with a consenting partner. This can also include unsupervised phone or videocalls with the ability to engage in sexual activity privately. The comparator or control will be inpatient forensic mental health populations who do not have access to physical or virtual intimacy with a consenting partner.,To exclude literature involving community-based patients or prisoners. To exclude populations that have additional capacity to consent concerns e.g. inpatients under the age of 18 or inpatients with a diagnosis of intellectual disability. To exclude lone sexual practices such as masturbation or the use of pornographic material.
CRD42023438620,Are smartphone applications designed for managing mental health conditions effective at improving mental health symptoms?,"Mental Health including but not limited to depression, anxiety, stress management, bipolar disorder, post-traumatic stress disorders (PTSD), substance use disorders, sleep disorders, and suicidal behaviors. Well-being is also included.",
CRD42023460718,The overall aim of this umbrella review is to provide a comprehensive understanding of mental health stigma reduction interventions that are facilitated within industry settings. This umbrella review will address the following research questions:1) What is the quality of reviews published in this area?2) What industry mental health stigma reduction intervention approaches are the most effective at reducing stigma?3) In which workplaces/industries are these interventions most effective?4) How effective are these industry mental health stigma reduction interventions at maintaining changes in stigma over time?,"This umbrella review will investigate mental health stigma. Poor mental health/mental health problems will be defined as any mental health disorder listed in the DSM-5-TR.Stigma will be defined as any discrediting characteristic or attribute for which a person is seen as different from others in a way that is dangerous, weak, or generally less desirable. This includes any form of stigma or discrimination; including social/public stigma, perceived stigma, self/internal stigma, professional/health practitioner stigma, institutional stigma, anticipated stigma, stigma by association/family stigma, and label avoidance stigma. The population of this umbrella review are participants who:INCLUDE:- Staff of any business or organisation within any industry- Paid or unpaid staff- Entry level to executive staff- Staff of educational institutions- Staff of mental health businesses and organisations- Labour hire or individual contractors working for a business or organisation at the time of interventionEXCLUDE:- Self-employed individuals (businesses or organisations with only one staff member)- Students of educational institutions - Clients and customers of any business or organisation- Participants who are not working at the time of intervention (e.g. retired, on leave, job seekers) The interventions being investigated in this umbrella review are mental health stigma reduction interventions. Mental health stigma reduction interventions will be defined as any intervention, program or initiative that aims to reduce stigma towards mental ill health.INCLUDE:- Any mental health stigma reduction intervention approach (e.g. education/contact promotion interventions)- Interventions to reduce mental health stigma generally- Interventions to reduce stigma towards specific mental health disorders- Online or face-to-faceEXCLUDE:- Interventions to specifically improve staff wellbeing- Interventions to specifically improve staff mental health This umbrella review will include reviews with and without control groups. Ideally, there should be at least one baseline (pre-intervention) and one post-intervention measurement which are compared. However, studies with only one post-intervention measurement will still be considered where appropriate.",
CRD420250643420,"What is the effectiveness of physical exercise interventions incorporating VR/AR technology compared to usual care in improving mental health outcomes, adherence, and user experience among patients with mental disorders.","Any mental disorder (e.g., depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, cognitive impairments and organic mood disorder) according to DSM-5, ICD-10, or equivalent criteria. Individuals of any age diagnosed with any mental disorder (e.g., depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, cognitive impairments and organic mood disorder) according to DSM-5, ICD-10, or equivalent criteria. Physical exercise programs that use VR or AR technology (e.g., VR gaming-based exercise, AR fitness apps). Usual care, including traditional physical exercise, standard pharmacological or psychological treatments, or no intervention.",
CRD420250649002,General Objective,"Ergonomic Education; Nutrition education; Musculoskeletal injury; Physical Exercises; Quality of Life; General Pathology; Emotional State Research areas related to military firefighters: Psycho-emotional; Pathologies; Quality of life and physical exercise; Musculoskeletal injury, nutrition and ergonomics at work. Brazilian Fire Fighter Inclusion criteria:I. sample composed exclusively of Brazilian firefighters, men and/or women;II. original articles published in English, Portuguese or Spanish;III. publications made between 2000 and 2025;IV. publications related to pathologies, the psycho-emotional area, quality of life and physical exercise, as well as musculoskeletal injuries, nutrition and ergonomics at work. All scientific articles related to the indicated topics and military firefightersThe production of research on scientific publications that encompass content related to pathologies, the psycho-emotional area, quality of life and physical exercises, as well as musculoskeletal injuries, nutrition and ergonomics in the work of military firefighters are relevant, as they can be used as a guiding principle for planning actions and implementation of institutional tools aimed at improving the quality of life of these professionals. None","Exclusion Criteria: I. studies repeated in the databases and/or duplicates in both searches; II. systematic literature reviews; III. case reports; IV. articles without full access; V. studies compiled from conferences or not completed; VI. theses, dissertations and book chapters."
CRD42025630772,"What is the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions in reducing symptoms of psychological trauma as a result of war, among forcibly displaced children in the SWANA region?","For the purposes of this systematic review, forcibly displaced children will be made up of refugees, internally displaced persons and asylum seekers.
The condition being studied in this review is symptoms of psychological trauma in forcibly displaced children from the SWANA (Southwest Asia and North Africa) region. These children often experience high levels of psychological distress due to exposure to war, violence, displacement, and loss. Common health outcomes include various symptoms relevant to Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), anxiety, depression, and other trauma-related symptoms, some of which are irritability, restlessness, sleep problems, somatic symptoms and conduct disorders which significantly impact their mental health and overall well-being.
The review focuses on evaluating the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions in reducing these symptoms.",
CRD42024505349,"We intend to review empirical studies investigating relationships between religiosity, spirituality, and suicidal ideation and behavior in adolescents.","The condition being studied encompasses suicidal ideation, suicide planning, suicide attempts, and completed suicides.",
CRD42022364626,"What is the available evidence surrounding post-partum depression in intended parents, adoptive parents, trans-parents and fathers?
Objectives are to:
(1) Collate all the available evidence surround post-partum depression in intended parents, adoptive parents, trans-parents and fathers.
(2) Determine causes, healthcare outcomes and available interventions of PPD in the aforementioned patient groups
(3) Identify the gaps in research surrounding PPD in these groups and provide recommendations for future research.","Post-partum depression (PPD) is widely studied in the birthing parent due to the drastic effects it can have on their functional abilities and long term health outcomes. The aetiology of post-partum depression is largely credited to the biological and psychological drivers of pregnancy and childbirth. Intended parents, adoptive parents, trans-parents and fathers belong to a community where pregnancy and childbirth is not directly experienced and a potentially higher risk of PPD is associated with these groups. The exact cause is unclear but the psychosocial factors attached to being a parent, regardless of parental status, could play a much larger role in the aetiology of PPD than previously anticipated. Furthermore, the current practices and interventions aimed at alleviating symptoms of PPD are wholly focused on the birthing parent, with very few providing targeted support to these four patient groups. This review will aim to collate all the available evidence surrounding PPD in the aforementioned patient groups and identify the clear gaps in research. These findings can ultimately determine what precipitates the mental health condition in these groups and whether it is feasible for future evidence-based practices to include such groups in their tailored management approaches for PPD.",
CRD42024629311,"What were the risk and protective factors that were associated with mental health outcomes during pandemics and epidemics in different population groups? Furthermore, how do the effects of those factors vary between the general population and specific subgroups such as healthcare workers, vulnerable individuals (e.g., older adults, chronically ill), and young people? What characteristics at the level of study design, participant characteristics and contexts impacted the effects of these risk and protective factors on mental health outcomes during pandemics and epidemics?",Mental health in times of pandemic-or epidemic-related adversities. We will study the trajectories of negative and positive mental health following pandemic/epidemic-related stressor exposure as well as risk and protective factors.,
CRD42024611777,"For the systematic review titled ""A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on the Influence of Exercise-Induced Oxidative Stress on the Pathogenesis of Infectious Diseases,"" appropriate review questions could be framed as follows:
Does exercise-induced oxidative stress contribute to the development or progression of infectious diseases?
What specific mechanisms are involved in the relationship between oxidative stress from exercise and infectious disease pathogenesis?
Are there particular types of exercise or intensities that are associated with higher levels of oxidative stress and increased risk of infectious diseases?
How do individual factors, such as age, baseline health, or training level, modify the relationship between exercise-induced oxidative stress and susceptibility to infectious diseases?
These questions can be structured or refined using the PI(E)COS framework, where relevant:
Population (P): Individuals of varying ages, health statuses, and exercise backgrounds.
Intervention (I): Different types and intensities of exercise.
Comparator (C): Control groups with no exercise or different exercise intensities.
Outcome (O): Incidence, severity, or progression of infectious diseases.
(E) Exposure: Exercise-induced oxidative stress.
Study Design (S): Studies suitable for systematic review and meta-analysis, such as randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, or observational studies.","This systematic review and meta-analysis investigates the influence of exercise-induced oxidative stress on the pathogenesis of infectious diseases. Oxidative stress, a condition marked by an imbalance between free radicals and antioxidants in the body, can be triggered by high-intensity or prolonged physical exercise. While moderate exercise is known to strengthen immune defenses, intense or exhaustive exercise can lead to increased oxidative stress, potentially weakening the immune response. This imbalance may make the body more susceptible to infections or influence the severity and progression of infectious diseases.
The review aims to understand how different intensities and types of exercise impact oxidative stress levels and, consequently, immune function in relation to infectious diseases. This research domain is relevant to healthcare fields focusing on sports medicine, infectious disease management, and preventive medicine. By examining existing studies, this review seeks to provide a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms connecting exercise-induced oxidative stress to infectious disease susceptibility and progression. It also aims to identify which factors—such as exercise type, duration, and individual characteristics like age or baseline health—play a significant role in modulating this relationship. This knowledge could guide recommendations for safe exercise practices that support immune health without increasing infection risk.",
CRD420250623406,Exploring risk factors affecting malnutrition in patients with diabetic feet,Patients with diabetes foot Patient with Diabetic Foot Condition Malnutrition Normal nutrition,
CRD420250651110,"Is there any positive effect of strength training on cognitive domains such as working memory, attention, language, global cognition, executive function, and reaction time in middle-aged and older individuals?","ue to the fact that the sample includes only healthy individuals, with any pathology being an exclusion criterion, there is no disease to be described. However, it is worth considering the physiological decline of cognitive domains that accompanies senescence as an existing factor, although not relevant to the scope of this study. A total of 331 patients were involved, and after data interpretation, the inclusion criteria were individuals over 45 years old, free from any medical conditions, independent in society, and undergoing strength training. Articles that were unclear or confusing regarding the methodology and results were excluded. The interventions or exposures to be analyzed include systematic strength exercises performed on machines, high-velocity strength training, strength exercises with progressive load increase, and lower-limb strength exercises with and without instability. Studies that do not include individuals undergoing strength training in at least one of the analyzed groups or that are unclear or confusing regarding the methodology and results presented will be excluded from the scope of this review. For the scope of this review, studies comparing the experimental group (undergoing strength training) with a control group, an aerobic exercise group, a treadmill training group, an active control training group (“balance-and-tone training”), a free-weight resistance training group with physical instability and mentally challenging conditions, a machine-based resistance training group, and a group engaged in reading materials related to exercise and mental health will be considered.",Individuals below middle age (under 44 years old).
CRD42023485414,Do patients feeling stress identified by screening in primary care benefit from a social prescription when compared with conventional care?,Stress,
CRD42025635805,To conduct a comprehensive review of existing psychological-cognitive assessment and support guidelines for cancer patients and their families across the EU.,We explored the existing psychological-cognitive assessment and support guidelines for cancer patients and their families across the EU.,
CRD420250645870,"Study of the prevalence of various sleep disorders (insomnia, sleep apnea, parasomnia, restless legs syndrome, narcolepsy, etc.) in infertile women","infertility is defined as the inability to conceive after one or two years of unprotected intercourse . In recent years, we have witnessed an increase in the rate of infertility in different parts of the world. Infertile people experience various problems at the individual, family and social levels. Infertility can cause changes in quality of life because it can cause changes in the standard of living and cause personal, family, and social problems.The stress of infertility can affect sleep patterns by affecting quality of life. Sleep disorders include problems with the quality, timing, and amount of sleep that lead to daytime distress and impaired functioning. Sleep-wake disorders often occur with medical or other mental health conditions, such as depression, anxiety, or cognitive impairment .Considering the prevalence of infertility in Iran and the national policies announced as an upstream document regarding the issue of the youth of the population, this study will be conducted with the aim of investigating the prevalence of sleep disorders in infertility in the form of a systematic review study to examine the problems related to the field of sleep disorders in infertility and, based on those problems, appropriate interventions to improve them can be designed and implemented. Inclusion and exclusion criteria:The inclusion criteria included reporting sleep disorders in infertile individuals (lack of pregnancy after one year of intercourse without using contraception), using a standard tool (valid and reliable) to assess sleep disorders, cross-sectional studies or longitudinal data. Outcome measures:To investigate the prevalence or mean score of sleep disorders in infertile individuals (women or men or couples) reported by standard instruments (valid and reliable questionnaires or clinical interviews) in studies. Not applicable.","The exclusion criteria included articles on mental and physical illness, lack of access to full-text articles, non-English language studies, systematic studies and meta-analyses, case reports, and animal studies."
CRD42021277626,"1. What is the prevalence of (i) chronic work stress and (ii) occupational burnout among general surgery residents training in Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME)-affiliated programs?
2. What antecedent factors significantly influence the development of (i) chronic work stress and (ii) occupational burnout among general surgery residents?
3. What is the quantitative association of (i) chronic stress and/or (ii) occupational burnout with the (iii) physical/mental health and (iv) clinical performance of surgery residents?",The effects of chronic stress and/or burnout on the personal health and clinical work performance of general surgery residents.,
CRD42020164487,"To compare the efficacy of different repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) protocols
for the treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) using network meta-analysis approach.","Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic and debilitating psychiatric disorder with a lifetime
prevalence of 2.3 %.
Current first-line treatments for OCD include selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) or
cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT). However, 40–60% of OCD patients fails to respond to
medication, or is unable to tolerate medication side effects.
For these reasons, alternatives to classical therapies would be very helpful, and neuromodulation
techniques offer very promising perspectives for OCD treatment, as they do for depression.
As a non-invasive technique, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been explored
in several clinical trials with various targets and stimulation protocols.
Several randomized control trials using repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) to treat
OCD have been published since 1997, but their results are inconclusive. The differences in results
may be due to their use of different rTMS protocols or the inclusion of patients with different
characteristics.
Due to conflicting and uncertain results, and in the absence of other effective rTMS targets to treat
OCD patients, it seems important to obtain more conclusive information about the efficacy of rTMS
with respect to protocols and cortical targets used. Due to lack of head to head trials of different targets used finding indirect evidence through Network Meta-Analysis could be of value in instating treatment protocols.",
CRD42020199982,The primary aim is to examine the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapies targeting mental health problems for Asian American youth.,"Youth mental health problems related to one or more disorders in the DSM-5, such as depression, anxiety, behavior problems, and eating disorders, were studied.",
CRD42020212531,"This study aim is to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy the five standard molecular panels Thyroseq Next Generation Sequencing panel (NGS), Afirma Gene Expression Classifier (GEC) or Gene Sequencing Classifier (GSC), RosettaGX Reveal, ThygeNEXT/ ThyraMIR, ThygenX/ThyraMIR for cytologically indeterminate thyroid nodules using network meta-analysis method.","The diagnosis of indeterminate lesions of the thyroid is a challenge in cytopathology practice, leading to potentially unnecessary surgery in patients for whom final histology is benign. Indeed, up to 30% of cases lack the morphological features needed to provide definitive classification. The first studies dealing with the preoperative molecular evaluation of fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) samples focused on the analysis of the BRAFV600E mutation or the combined evaluation of two or three genetic alterations. The sensitivity of molecular testing was then improved by introducing molecular panels, which became available for clinical use in the late 2000s.
Two different categories of molecular panels have been developed, the 'rule-out' methods, which aim to reduce the avoidable treatment of benign nodules, and the 'rule-in' tests that have the purpose of optimizing surgical management. Validation studies of both the Afirma GEC and Thyroseq panel are ongoing. Recent additions to available molecular testing for indeterminate thyroid nodules include the Rosetta microRNA classifier and the augmentation of the ThyGenX gene panel with a microRNA reflex test (ThyraMIR).
The genetic evaluation of indeterminate thyroid nodules is predicted to improve patient care, mainly if molecular tests are used appropriately and aware of their advantages and weaknesses.",
CRD42021298311,"The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to provide a comprehensive review of the impact of COVID-19 infection (i.e., severe and mild/recovery phases of COVID-19) on pediatric brain structure and function.",Neuroimaging biomarkers of COVID-19 patients (via brain PET and MRI analysis) who showed neurological manifestations.,
CRD42021236725,What are the sociodemographic correlates and risk factors of cannabis vaping?,"With increasing jurisdictions adopting cannabis legalisation, there is a change in social acceptability towards cannabis and the patterns of cannabis consumption. The potency of cannabis products has increased in recent years due to an increase in demand to achieve greater psychoactive effects. Cannabis had mainly been smoked, but the proliferation of cannabis products with higher THC content (e.g. cannabis oil, concentrates or extracts – wax and shatters) and cannabis vaporisers (including e-cigarettes) have led to a new method of consuming cannabis - vaping. People that use cannabis can now heat cannabis to release the psychoactive compounds into vapour that is inhaled. Cannabis vaping may be a safer alternative than cannabis smoking, but its long-term health effect of use is still unclear. With the increasing popularity of cannabis vaping among adolescents and young adults, it is crucial to investigate the sociodemographic correlates and risk factors to consuming cannabis through vaporisers and e-cigarettes.",
CRD42020153595,Is social media use related to level of social anxiety?,"Social anxiety is a kind of mental health disorder, suffering from which individuals have a strong desire to make a positive impression on others, however, they doubt their ability to perform well in social situations (Clark & Wells, 1995; Rapee & Heimberg, 1997).",
CRD42021293383,"The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to provide a comprehensive review of the association between pre-existing depression and susceptibility to Long COVID-19 (i.e., post-COVID-19 syndrome).",Long COVID-19 and pre-existing depression.,
CRD42020196805,"This systematic review seeks to synthesise methodological information across studies that use self-report ecological momentary assessment (EMA;or experience sampling methods, ESM;or daily diaries) to measure the outcome self-compassion. We are also interested in conducting a meta-analysis should enough studies involving ecological momentary interventions (EMI) exist.
Rationale
This project examines the use of ESM in investigating the construct self-compassion. This project also seeks to review the effectiveness of EMI for self-compassion and its effects on related psychological mental health constructs. Increasingly, such methods of collecting data are being applied in clinical psychology to understand mental health. To our best knowledge, the literature lacks a comprehensive synthesis of this methodology in self-compassion research. This review seeks to synthesize methodological information across studies that use self-report EMA with self-compassion. We seek to identify common design considerations, implementation approaches, challenges encountered, and provide recommendations for future research using EMA within the self-compassion literature.
Objectives
Our review focuses on four methodological topics:(1)sample and publication characteristics, including age and other demographic characteristics;(2)EMA data collection methods, including procedures related to sampling duration and frequency and types of mobile devices used;(3)study implementation issues, including technical and logistical challenges, training of participants in EMA methods, and participant compliance;(4)a meta-analysis of the outcome data reported in the included papers which feature an EMI. This review seeks to summarize the existing literature in this area, highlight similarities and differences in findings between ESM studies and cross-sectional and lab-based studies, and develop recommendations regarding best practices when designing, implementing, and reporting EMA studies within self-compassion literature.",Self-compassion,
CRD42018089556,Does the topical use of fibroblast growth factors improve wound healing of skin burns compared to others treatments or placebo?,"Skin plays a crucial role in the sustenance of life through the regulation of water-electrolyte balance, body temperature, and by acting as a barrier to external noxious agents including microorganisms. Burn is a devastating trauma that breaks this protective skin barrier. More than six million people experience burns worldwide, accounting for an estimated 265,000 deaths annually. Non-fatal burns are also a leading cause of morbidity and constitute a major public health problem. Survivors face additional clinical, psychological and social challenges, and therefore, further specialised treatments are needed to achieve rehabilitation and social reintegration. Delayed wound healing often leads to severe skin scarring that evolves over years after injury.",
CRD42025637858,"What are the challenges faced by nurses managing COVID-19 patients in critical care settings, and what evidence-based strategies have been implemented to address these challenges effectively?","The systematic review focuses on the role of nurses in managing COVID-19 in critical care settings. This includes examining the challenges faced by nurses while caring for critically ill patients during the COVID-19 pandemic, such as increased workload, mental health strain, infection prevention measures, and patient management complexities.
The review also explores evidence-based strategies implemented to address these challenges, aiming to improve nurse well-being, enhance patient outcomes, and optimize nursing care delivery in critical care environments. This domain is highly relevant to understanding the healthcare system's response to public health emergencies and the pivotal role of frontline nursing professionals.",
CRD42021275837,1. How is discharge and transition to other services experienced by people leaving adult community mental health services?2. What experiences do staff have when supporting people during discharge and transition from adult community mental health services?3. What can lead to positive or negative experiences of discharge and transition to other services?,"Discharge and transition from adult community mental health services. People using mental health services are discharged at the point that their use of the service comes to an end. The support a person receives may then be transferred to another mental health or physical health support service or to their general practitioner (GP), so the person will experience a service transition.Community mental health service: a service offering support for people experiencing mental health conditions, provided in a community or outpatient setting.Services that meet the following criteria will be included in the review: 1. Support is provided in a community or outpatient setting. 2. Secondary care services 3. Multi-disciplinary teams 4. Offer long-term support, defined as: not having a maximum length of stay of two months or less, or a maximum number of sessions or contacts. Therefore, services providing rehabilitative support would be included, but acute services providing crisis support to people in the community as an alternative to hospitalisation, such as crisis houses, would be excluded. Exclusion criteria: 1. Voluntary sector or primary care mental health services, such as IAPT. 2. Support from a single therapist 3. Residential settings, including e.g. residential eating disorder services provided in the community. People aged fourteen and over who have used and experienced, or will experience, discharge from a community mental health service.Staff who work in community mental health services or services that support people who have been discharged from community mental health services. This review will include studies that focus on discharge and transition from an adult community mental health service.","We will exclude studies of the experiences of people using or working within services that solely offer support for dementia or other organic, neurological conditions, or to people who experience substance misuse where there is not a requirement that they also experience mental health conditions to access the service. For example, dual diagnosis services that support people who experience both substance misuse issues and mental health conditions would be included but a service solely providing support to people with opioid dependency, with no other inclusion criteria related to mental health would be excluded. 1. Transitions form forensic services. 2. Transition from acute psychiatric inpatient settings. However, transitions from hospital-based day programs will be included (if support is offered for more than 2 months, and does not have a maximum number of contacts) 3. Transitions from child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS) to adult services will also be excluded, since this process has a broad, independent literature, which has recently been reviewed. 4. Individual, one-to-one or group therapy interventions that are provided independently of a mental health service. For example, studies focusing on ending individual or group psychotherapy interventions will be excluded, unless this is discussed in the broader context of leaving a community mental health service."
CRD420250645328,Which verbal and non-verbal communication behaviours displayed by therapists are associated with constructs of the therapeutic alliance in therapeutic interactions involving mental health practitioners and their patients?,"The therapeutic alliance is broadly defined as the collaborative relationship between a therapist and their client. It is described as having three main components, the therapist-client bond, agreement over the goals of therapy and agreement of the tasks of therapy. Any mental health practitioners (psychiatrists, psychologists, nurses, therapists, etc) and real patients experiencing mental health difficulties. Interactions that involve professional or patients outside of a mental health setting will be excluded, as well as studies using students as practitioners or role play/simulated interactions. Therapeutic interactions taking place between mental health professionals and patients experiencing mental health difficulties, within a mental health setting. Not applicable",
CRD42020215617,To compare the therapeutic efficacy of mindfulness therapy with conventional therapy on college students with depression disorder.,"Depressive Disorder is a common mental disorder, which characterized by depressive mood (e.g., sad, irritable, empty) or loss of pleasure accompanied by other cognitive, behavioural, or neurovegetative symptoms that significantly affect the individual’s ability to function. At a global level, over 300 million people are estimated to suffer from depression, and the number is still going up. The incidence of depression among college students increases year by year, depression has become the main factor affecting the mental health of college students.",
CRD42021241623,The present review is examining the quality and results of treatment research involving individuals with co-morbid mental health and common physical health conditions in which treatment outcomes included suicidal thoughts and behaviors. It is the first systematic review of the extant literature on treatments for comorbid mental health conditions and suicide risk. We are evaluating the state of the research concerning treatments for comorbid conditions and the available evidence regarding whether these treatments affect the outcomes of suicidal thoughts and behaviors along with the quality of these studies and the suicide measures used therein.,Mental health multimorbidity and suicide,
CRD420251019754,"To elucidate the therapeutic efficacy of relaxation therapy in chronic pain patients through a meta-analysis, thereby establishing evidence-based guidelines to optimize clinical pain management strategies.","(1)The research subjects were those with age ≥18 years old, with clear consciousness, normal thinking, and meeting the chronic pain diagnosis criteria of IASP [1], and no other severe organic diseases, severe mental disorders or consciousness disorders. (2) The study type was a randomized controlled trial of the intervention effect of relaxation therapy on patients with chronic pain. (3) The outcome indicators were pain intensity, anxiety, depression, sleep quality and quality of life. Relaxation Therapy Session PICO tags selected: Usual support",Literature exclusion criteria: literature with incomplete outcome indicators; repeated published literature; literature with incomplete relevant data
CRD42023425768,1. What are the duration and components of health promotion interventions designed to improve health outcomes in people living with Multiple Long-Term Conditions?,"Infectious Diseases; Chronic Kidney Disease; Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease; Depression; Anxiety; Multiple chronic conditions; Diabetes Mellitus Due to increased life expectancy, urbanization, and improved care for infectious diseases, chronic non-communicable diseases are becoming more common globally. Key conditions include respiratory diseases such as COPD, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes, kidney disease, and mental health conditions like depression and anxiety. The coexistence of two or more chronic conditions, termed multiple long-term conditions (or multimorbidity), is also growing in prevalence and has a significant impact on health and patient-reported outcomes, and their quality of life due to the significant disease and treatment burden. All studies that include patients having co-morbidities will be included (specific conditions listed in the paper cited below will be investigated). Azcoaga-Lorenzo, A., Akbari, A., Davies, J., Khunti, K., Kadam, U.T., Lyons, R., McCowan, C., Mercer, S.W., Nirantharakumar, K., Staniszewsk, S. and Guthrie, B., 2022. Measuring multimorbidity in research: Delphi consensus study. BMJ Medicine, 1(1), p.e000247. We will assess the impact of various interventions on the outcomes among people living with multimorbidity/MLTCs; compare the outcomes of the intervention across various studies. The outcomes among people living with multimorbidity/MLTCs who are receiving standard or routine care.",
CRD420251027536,Review Objectives and Questions:,"Population:  Adults (aged 18–65 years) diagnosed with substance use disorders (SUDs) (e.g., alcohol, opioids, stimulants) as defined by DSM-5 or ICD-11 criteria.  Individuals with co-occurring mental health conditions (e.g., depression, anxiety, PTSD) if SUD is the primary focus of VR intervention.  Participants in any treatment setting (e.g., outpatient clinics, residential rehab, community programs, correctional facilities).  Intervention Context:  Studies evaluating vocational rehabilitation (VR) programs, including:  Supported employment (e.g., Individual Placement and Support [IPS]).  Skills training (e.g., job readiness, occupational therapy).  Psychosocial/workplace behavioral interventions.  Policy/systemic VR approaches (e.g., employer partnerships).  Outcomes:  Employment-related outcomes (e.g., job acquisition, retention, wages).  Recovery metrics (e.g., sobriety maintenance, quality of life).   Vocational Rehabilitation; Substance Use Therapy Intervention (I): Specify the Treatment or Approach Determine the type of intervention to address SUDs. This could include: Behavioral Therapies: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Motivational Interviewing (MI).  Vocational Rehabilitation: Skills training, supported employment programs.  Medical Treatments: Medication-Assisted Treatment (MAT) such as methadone or buprenorphine.  Holistic Approaches: Mindfulness-based therapies, physical activity programs.  Example: Implementing Individual Placement and Support (IPS) for vocational rehabilitation alongside MAT. Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: Reviews synthesizing evidence on interventions, outcomes, or prevalence rates in substance use disorders.  Scoping Reviews:  Reviews mapping the extent and nature of research on integrated care or other frameworks addressing substance use disorders.","Population: Studies focusing solely on non-SUD populations (e.g., VR for physical disabilities or severe mental illness without SUD comorbidity).  Adolescents (&lt;18 years) or older adults (&gt;65 years) unless data are stratified for separate analysis.  Intervention/Context:  VR programs not explicitly tailored for SUDs (e.g., generic workforce training).  Studies without measurable employment/recovery outcomes.  Study Design:  Non-systematic reviews, opinion pieces, or gray literature.  Studies published before 2014 (to prioritize recent evidence). Type of Studies: Exclude studies that do not use appropriate study designs (e.g., case reports, opinion pieces).  Exclude studies with durations that are too short to demonstrate meaningful outcomes (e.g., interventions lasting less than three months).  Population:  Exclude studies focusing on populations outside the target age range (e.g., children or older adults if the focus is on young adults).  Exclude studies that do not specifically address SUDs or include populations with co-occurring conditions not relevant to the review.  Interventions:  Exclude interventions that are not vocational rehabilitation-focused (e.g., purely medical treatments without vocational components).  Exclude interventions that are not evidence-based or lack a clear theoretical framework.  Outcome Measures:  Exclude studies that do not report relevant employment-related outcomes (e.g., job placement rates, sustained employment).  Exclude studies with incomplete or ambiguous outcome data. Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs): Studies that use random allocation to intervention and control groups to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions for substance use disorders.  Quasi-Randomized Controlled Trials (QRCTs):  Trials with allocation methods that are not strictly random but still aim to compare intervention effects.  Controlled Quasi-Experimental Designs (QEDs):  Studies that involve a control group but lack randomization, focusing on interventions for substance use disorders in specific populations.  Observational Studies:  Cross-sectional, cohort, or case-control studies that provide prevalence, incidence, or associations related to substance use disorders.  Qualitative Research:  Studies exploring experiences, beliefs, and practices related to substance use disorders among specific groups (e.g., refugees or students)."
CRD42022293569,"What is the nature of #fitspiration on social media, and what is the impact of viewing this content?","The nature of #fitspiration content posted on social media. Impact of viewing #fitspiration content on self-image, mood, eating and exercise behaviour (body satisfaction, mood, self-esteem, self-objectification, exercise behaviour and eating attitudes/behaviour).",
CRD420250634441,What is the effects of mindfullness-based cognitive therapy on quality of life and mental health among women with cancer?,Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy; Quality of Life; Mental Health Assessment Status; Cancer We will identify the effect of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on quality of life and mental health of women with cancer Adult women (18+) with any type and stage of cancer regardless of current treatment status (undergoing or completed adjuvant treatment) Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy PICO tags selected: Usual Care; Waiting list control; Education,"Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR), mindfulness-based cancer recovery (MBCR), Mindfulness-based art therapy (MBAT)"
CRD420250654921,What is the impact of waiting times on patient health outcomes in total joint replacement for osteoarthritis?,"Osteoarthritis; Total knee arthroplasty; Arthroplasty; Hip replacement ; Waiting time; Waiting list control For patients with severe osteoarthritis (OA), total joint replacement (TJR) is a cost-effective and clinically effective treatment which improves function and quality of life (QOL).The number of TJR procedures for OA in several countries has increased steadily over the past two decades and is projected to continue.The increasing burden of OA combined with demand for TJR surgeries has contributed to a simultaneous increase in waiting times for these interventions. Furthermore, waiting times have been exacerbated by the reduction in the number of elective joint replacement procedures which occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic. It is necessary to understand the impact of waiting times on clinical and patient-reported outcomes from TJR. Inclusion: Adults (aged 18 years or older) with osteoarthritis on hospital waiting lists for total knee or hip replacement. Waiting time; Waiting list control; Delayed treatment; Delayed surgery Waiting times from referral for hip or knee replacement to date of surgery (i.e. time on waitlist and waiting longer than recommended) PICO tags selected: Usual Care Unexposed controls (i.e. undergoing surgery within recommended time frames)",Exclusion: Adolescents and children (under 18 years of age). Non-elective procedures (i.e. trauma/emergency).
CRD420251031478,1. To identify and synthesize key contributing factors to academic stress across non-Western settings in existing literature,"High school students experiencing academic stress (including test/exam anxiety) in non-Western schooling settings Social Support; Parental Support; Social Norms Studies that explore factors contributing to academic stress (e.g., academic pressure, parental expectations, cultural norms, workload).",University students Postgraduate students Elementary students High school students in Western school settings Ethnic-minority students experiencing academic stress in Western countries Studies focusing on general stress and/or mental health issues unrelated to academic stress
CRD420251039608,"To analyze the manifestations of baby blues in the postpartum period, with an emphasis on the emotional and psychosocial impacts experienced by postpartum women, as well as the possible consequences for maternal health and the development of support and intervention strategies",postpartum women with baby blues Postpartum Care,Postpartum women with no baby blues .
CRD420251014754,Primary Research Question:,"Study Population: Physicians and surgeons, irrespective of specialty. Study Designs: Cross-sectional and cohort studies. Timeframe: Studies published after 2020 to focus on post-COVID effects. Settings: All healthcare settings, including hospitals, clinics, and academic institutions. Outcomes of Interest: Burnout, depression, and suicide risk among physicians and surgeons. Suicide Prevention; Depression Management Program Burnout, Depression, and Suicide as Primary Exposures: Studies must assess burnout, depression, or suicide risk using validated tools (e.g., Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), PHQ-9, GAD-7, standardized suicide risk assessments).  Workplace and Systemic Factors as Exposures:  Studies examining long working hours, emotional exhaustion, administrative burden, specialty-related stress, physician autonomy, and institutional support will be included. Post-pandemic changes, such as workforce shortages, telemedicine adoption, and altered physician-patient dynamics, will also be considered.  Interventions for Burnout and Suicide Prevention (if assessed in studies):  Studies evaluating organizational policies, mental health programs, resilience training, wellness initiatives, or physician support systems will be included if they analyze their effectiveness in reducing burnout, depression, or suicide rates. Types of Studies to Be Included: Observational Studies: Cross-sectional studies examining the prevalence of burnout, depression, or suicide risk in physicians and surgeons. Cohort studies assessing associations between work-related stressors and mental health outcomes over time.  Quantitative Studies Using Validated Measures:  Studies utilizing standardized tools such as Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), PHQ-9, GAD-7, or suicide risk assessments.  Timeframe:  Studies published after 2020 to capture post-COVID-19 effects on physician mental health. Settings:  Studies conducted in hospitals, clinics, academic medical centers, and other healthcare institutions worldwide.","Exclusion Criteria: Narrative reviews, case reports, editorials, and qualitative studies without primary data. Studies focusing only on nurses, medical students, or non-physician healthcare workers without physician-specific da"
CRD420250613439,"We aim to conduct a systematic review of studies examining spiritual practices, beliefs, and orientations that influence resilience and mental health disorders (cognitive impairment, depression, anxiety, suicide) in older adults residing in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The primary questions guiding this review are:","Examining how spirituality may influence or enhance resilience and mental Health Disorders (cognitive impairment, depression, anxiety, suicide) among older adults in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) Inclusion criteria:1. Older adults, defined by WHO as individuals aged 60 years and above.2. Participants from countries classified by the World Bank as low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).3. Research articles published in English.4. Studies focused on human subjects.5. Studies published between 2000 to 2024Exclusion criteria:1. Participants younger than 60 years.2. Studies not available in English. the intervention will include (i) Spirituality alone, encompassing spiritual beliefs, practices or orientations or (ii) Spirituality together with psychosocial interventions in order to enhance resilience in the older population. Spirituality will include a range of spiritual practices and expressions, such as prayer, meditation, participation in religious services, community engagement in faith-based settings, and personal spiritual beliefs that foster meaning, connection, and purpose. The intervention may occur independently or alongside supportive psychosocial interventions such as counselling, group therapy, or community support. The spirituality intervention can vary in type, duration, and intensity but must include structured or habitual engagement in practices or beliefs related to spiritual life to differentiate it from other non-spiritual activities or general coping mechanisms.Exclusions:We will exclude general wellness or self-help activities that lack a structured spiritual component, as well as interventions involving secular mindfulness-based practices that do not explicitly integrate a spiritual or faith-based approach. This will include groups with different levels or types of spirituality.",
CRD42025639771,"RQ1 - Is there a relationship between cancer survivors' mental health and caregivers' mental health?
RQ2 - Is there a relationship between cancer survivors' fear of cancer recurrence/fear of cancer progression and caregivers' fear of cancer recurrence/fear of cancer progression?
RQ3 - Is there a relationship between cancer survivors' mental health and caregivers' fear of cancer recurrence/fear of cancer progression?
RQ4 - Is there a relationship between caregivers' mental health and cancer survivors' fear of cancer recurrence/fear of cancer progression?
RQ5 - Are there any significant moderator variables that account for the relationship between mental health and fear of cancer recurrence/fear of cancer progression in cancer survivor-cancer caregiver dyads?","This review addresses Fear of Cancer Recurrence/Fear of Cancer Progression. Fear of cancer recurrence is defined as the general tendency to fear or worry that cancer might return, when remitted, while fear of cancer progression is defined as the general tendency to worry that cancer might progress or metastasize, in the case of an acute diagnosis. Certain authors consider that the two concepts are overlapping and take both terms into consideration. Our review will allign with the perspective that fear of cancer recurrence and fear of cancer progression are frequently overlapping phenomena, thus the two terms will be used interchangeably.
Generally, elevated levels of fear of cancer recurrence (i.e., accompanied by high and persistent levels of worry and hypervigilance to bodily symptoms) can become clinically relevant, potentially limiting daily functioning and quality of life and bringing about significant healthcare costs.",
CRD42024505534,"Questions
1) What is the prevalence of hysterectomy in India, and what are the key demographic determinants, including regional variations?
2) How do the morbidity and surgical outcomes of different hysterectomy techniques (vaginal, abdominal, laparoscopic, and robotic-assisted) compare in tertiary care centers across India?
3) What is the association between hysterectomy and subsequent health conditions such as hypertension and endocrine disorders, considering the role of preoperative factors?","The focus of this systematic review and meta-analysis is on hysterectomy procedures in India. Hysterectomy, the surgical removal of the uterus, is a common gynecological procedure often performed for various medical reasons, including uterine fibroids, endometriosis, gynecologic cancer, and abnormal bleeding. This study aims to explore the prevalence, determinants, and outcomes of this procedure, with an emphasis on the various surgical techniques (vaginal, abdominal, laparoscopic, robotic-assisted) and their impact on women's health and wellbeing. The review will also consider the association between hysterectomy and subsequent health conditions such as hypertension and endocrine disorders, assessing the influence of demographic and preoperative factors.",
CRD420251033764,The objective of this systematic review is to investigate the effect of upper extremity rehabilitation on fatigue in individuals with multiple sclerosis.,"Adult individuals ( above  18 years) diagnosed with MS. Randomized controlled trials, pilot RCTs, and crossover studies. Articles published in English. Articles reporting fatigue outcomes assessed by subjective or objective measurement tools. Interventions involving upper extremity rehabilitation (e.g., physical therapy, exercise programs, or rehabilitation strategies targeting the upper extremity). Upper Limb Training Upper limb rehabilitation refers to a structured program of therapeutic interventions aimed at improving the function, strength, coordination, and mobility of the shoulder, arm, elbow, wrist, and hand. In individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS), upper limb rehabilitation targets impairments such as muscle weakness, spasticity, reduced dexterity, sensory deficits, that can limit daily activities and quality of life. Rehabilitation programs may include: Task-oriented training: Practicing real-life activities such as reaching, grasping, and manipulating objects.  Strengthening exercises: Targeting specific muscle groups to enhance upper limb power and endurance.  Range of motion exercises: To maintain or improve joint flexibility and prevent contractures.  Fine motor skill training: Focusing on hand and finger movements for improved dexterity.  Sensory re-education: Techniques to improve sensory function and proprioception.  Constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT): Encouraging the use of the affected limb by restraining the unaffected side.  Robot-assisted therapy: Using robotic devices to assist or resist movements in a controlled way.  Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES): Applying electrical currents to stimulate muscles and improve motor control. PICO tags selected: Placebo; Usual Care • Adult individuals ( above 18 years) diagnosed with MS. • Randomized controlled trials, pilot RCTs, and crossover studies. • Articles published in English. • Articles reporting fatigue outcomes assessed by subjective or objective measurement tools. • Interventions involving upper extremity rehabilitation (e.g., physical therapy, exercise programs, or rehabilitation strategies targeting the upper extremity). Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), pilot randomized controlled trials, crossover trials.","Articles including individuals with other neurological or systemic conditions in addition to MS. Interventions not focused on the upper extremity (e.g., lower limb or balance training). Articles focusing only on pharmacological treatments. Articles do not report fatigue measurements or outcomes. Exclusion interventions: Studies will be excluded if the intervention involves:  Non-specific interventions that do not focus on upper limb rehabilitation (e.g., general physiotherapy or non-targeted exercise programs).  Pharmacological treatments or drug therapies aimed at fatigue or other symptoms of multiple sclerosis, rather than physical rehabilitation.  Psychological or behavioral interventions that do not directly address upper extremity function, such as cognitive behavioral therapy or interventions for mental health without a focus on motor skills.  Surgical interventions (e.g., upper limb surgery or any invasive procedure) or medical treatments that do not include rehabilitation components.  Interventions solely focused on lower limb rehabilitation or other body regions, without addressing upper extremity function.  Passive interventions that do not actively engage the patient (e.g., bed rest, passive range of motion exercises without active involvement). • Articles including individuals with other neurological or systemic conditions in addition to MS. • Interventions not focused on the upper extremity (e.g., lower limb or balance training). • Articles focusing only on pharmacological treatments. • Articles do not report fatigue measurements or outcomes."
CRD42022319424,"What are adolescents’ perspectives on and experiences with post primary school-based suicide prevention (PSSP) interventions, as participants/end-users, intervention advisors, facilitators, and co-designers and co-researchers?","Adolescents’ perspectives on and experiences with PSSP, as participants/end-users, intervention advisors, facilitators, and co-designers and co-researchers.",
CRD420251004580,"The primary objective of this review is to investigate the association between psychological, social, and biological factors and negative body image among Black young adults.","Inclusion: Young adults (defined as individuals aged 18-25 years) who identify as Black (referring to individuals from the African diaspora or with African heritage) Individuals with comorbid conditions such as Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD) or eating disorders, due to the link between negative body image and mental health conditions. Studies that assess negative body image including body dissatisfaction, body image disturbance, or body image concerns as an outcome. Studies exploring psychological factors (e.g., self-esteem, mental health conditions), social factors (e.g., media influence, social support, discrimination, internalised racism, acculturation, sociocultural norms, beauty standards), and biological factors (e.g., physical appearance characteristics, weight-related factors, genetic predispositions if directly explored in relation to body image dissatisfaction) Observational studies (e.g., cross-sectional, cohort, case-control) using quantitative, qualitative, or mixed-methods approaches that explore associations or relationships.","Exclusion Studies focusing on children or older adults (outside the 18-29 age range), studies that do not specify the race/ethnicity of participants or include mixed populations without separate data for Black young adults Studies that primarily focus on positive body image without assessing negative aspects, studies focused solely on eating disorders without a specific measure of body image dissatisfaction, and studies that do not explicitly address body image. Intervention studies (e.g., randomized controlled trials), systematic reviews, meta-analyses, theoretical articles, and case studies."
CRD42022310113,What methods of measuring eco-anxiety are available and what is their quality?,"With the public concern about the effects of human impact on environment rising, so does the distress one may feel as a result. An umbrella term 'eco-anxiety' has been introduced in the recent years to describe a range of negative mental states surrounding concern, guilt, feelings of loss, fear, anger and indeed anxiety; all related to climate change and negative human-driven changes to the environment. Recent years saw a number of psychometric scales that aim to determine the extent of those symptoms.",
CRD42023391724,"How effective are peer support, behavioral interventions, and other nonpharmacological interventions in reducing chronic pain among individuals with SCI?",Adults with a traumatic spinal cord injury who experience chronic pain,
CRD42024509206,"1. What is the overall strength and direction of the relationship between distress tolerance and depression among children and adolescents across relevant studies?
2. Are there any moderating variables or factors that influence the relationship between distress tolerance
and depression among children and adolescents?","Depression is a prevalent and intricate mental health challenge confronting children and adolescents, garnering increasing attention from both researchers and practitioners. The onset of depression in early life presents a significant quandary, affecting not only the individuals experiencing it but also posing challenges for parents and educational institutions. Adolescents reporting elevated depressive symptoms have shown a prevalent point prevalence of around 34%, with a discernible upward trajectory. Given the profound impact of depressive symptoms on the well-being and developmental trajectories of young individuals, a comprehensive exploration of contributing factors and underlying mechanisms becomes imperative.
This meta-analysis is specifically oriented toward a thorough examination of the nuanced relationship between distress tolerance and depression in children and adolescents. The definition of distress tolerance, denoted as DT, aligns with established frameworks and insights derived from previous scholarly investigations.",
CRD42021265812,Can using Written Emotional Disclosures Intervention benefit health care workers psychological well-being?,This narrative literature review will focus on the improvement of psychological well-being of all health care workers using Written Emotional Disclosures interventions.,
CRD42022326393,The purpose of this systematic review is to present a conceptual framework of the effectiveness of breast cancer-related psychosocial interventions across the trajectory.,"Among women, breast cancer is the most common type of cancer diagnosed, with 2, 088, 849 cases in 2018 (most recent data) across the different countries of the world (Bray et al., 2018). In recent years, remission rates have increased up to 96% among women in North America. Although cancer incidence rate appears to be declining over years, the number of diagnoses is still alarming (Canadian Cancer Society, 2019, Bray et al., 2018, Jemal et al., 2011). On the positive side, high remission rates and lower incidence rates are reducing the number of deaths in women with breast cancer. However, this increase in survival also means that there are more cancer survivors who continue to live with significant symptoms of cancer-related psychological distress (Bower, 2008). Psychological symptoms can emerge or increase at different moments during the breast cancer trajectory: 1) screening phase 2) diagnosis phase 3) post-diagnosis/pre-treatment phase 4) treatment phase 5) post-treatment phase and 6) survivorship (Smit et al., 2019).",
CRD420250619102,What are the barriers and facilitators influencing help-seeking behaviours in those experiencing symptoms related to perimenopause and menopause?,"Perimenopause, menopause, help-seeking Adults who identify as being within the perimenopausal period or menopausal. No exclusion criteria based on participant characteristics e.g., age, medically induced menopause. Mental health services utilization; Menopause Education",
CRD42021265057,"How are firesetting behaviours operationalised, measured and conceptualised in the existing research?
What is the prevalence of firesetting behaviours in community and apprehended populations?
Are there differences in prevalence across ages, genders, and settings?",Firesetting behaviours and/or arson,
CRD420251007770,What is the prevalence of Medical Student Syndrome (MSS) among medical students?,"Medical students (undergraduate, graduate, or post-graduate) enrolled in medical schools in South Asia (e.g., India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bhutan, Maldives, and Afghanistan). Students aged 18 years and older. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Stress Management; Resiliency Promotion; Mental Health Care Education; Mental health services utilization Non-randomized studies Observational studies Qualitative studies Prevalence studies Intervention studies",Non-medical students or students from non-medical disciplines.
CRD42024572480,"- What is the dropout rate in psychotherapy for Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD)?
- What factors contribute to dropout rates in psychotherapy for BDD?",Psychotherapy for BDD,
CRD42024567304,What is the signature in brain oscillations in adult patients with highly disabling neurological disorders when comparing placebo versus active interventions?,"highly disabling neurological disorders such as chronic pain, stroke, traumatic brain injury, and cognition disorders.",
CRD42020160063,"Chronic diseases are the leading global causes of illness, disability and death, despite the advances in their diagnosis, treatment and prevention. They are associated with high disease burden and significant mental health co-morbidities and require integrated, multidisciplinary treatment. Photobiomodulation is a novel, non-invasive, light-based therapy, with increasing research evidence regarding its efficacy in treating depression, inflammation and fatigue and improving quality of life in individuals with chronic disease.
There have been no systematic reviews of photobiomodulation in chronic disease to date and this review will aim to assess the effect of photobiomodulation on depression, fatigue, inflammation and quality of life in individuals suffering from chronic disease.
Can photobiomodulation improve depression and fatigue in chronic disease?
Is photobiomodulation effective in improving inflammation associated with chronic disease?
Can photobiomodulation improve quality of life in individuals with chronic disease?","Chronic diseases are the main cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and their incidence and prevalence are increasing despite the advances in their diagnosis, prevention and treatment.
Individuals suffering from chronic illnesses are significantly more likely to experience depression, fatigue and impaired quality of life, however, evidence for effective interventions has been mixed, with antidepressant medications, cognitive-behavioural therapy, exercise and mindfulness-based interventions having the strongest evidence base. Photobiomodulation has recently emerged as an intervention of interest due to accumulating research evidence regarding its effectiveness in improving depression, fatigue and quality of life as well as inflammation associated with chronic disease.",
CRD420250648113,"Population: Nurses.Intervention: Aspects of the work environment (working hours, resources, organizational culture).Comparison: Nurses in different work environments (e.g., well - resourced vs. poorly resourced).Outcome: Burnout levels.Study design:cross - sectional studies.Question: Among nurses (P), does a lack of resources in the workplace (I) compared to well - resourced workplaces (C) result in higher levels of burnout (O) in various study designs (S)?","Occupational mental health of nurses Registered nurses in tertiary hospitals, secondary hospitals, and primary hospitals Discharge By Continence Nurse; Mental Health Screening Not Applicable","Absent nurses on personal leave, sick leave, maternity leave and rehired and advanced nurses"
CRD420250651620,Exploring the advantages of psychological therapy compared with conventional therapy in rehabilitation care for heart failure patients.,"Heart failure (HF) has become a global public health problem, posing a serious threat to human health. It is estimated that there are over 6 million patients with heart failure in the United States alone. [1] Although the survival rate after diagnosis of heart failure has improved, it is reported that patients with heart failure are hospitalized on average once a year after their initial diagnosis. In addition, the 1-year mortality rate after diagnosis reached 20%. Countries with an aging population are facing a more serious situation, which means a higher incidence rate and a worse prognosis.Heart failure, a complex and progressive disease, poses a huge burden on patients, families, and the entire healthcare system.
It is related to adverse consequences such as increased mortality rate, frequent hospitalization, and decreased exercise ability. In addition to physical problems, this disease is also related to psychological disorders including depression and anxiety. Some reports indicate that the main risk factor for disability and death caused by heart failure is depression, with 9% to 60% of heart failure patients suffering from depression.",
CRD42023466214,What are the experiences of ethnic minority adolescents and their caregivers accessing and using CAMHS in the UK?,Experiences of CAMHS in the UK.,
CRD42023385503,"1. What is the level of mental health literacy of tertiary educators according to the following parameters: (a) mental health knowledge; (b) attitude, beliefs, and stigma on mental health; and (c) help-seeking behaviour?
2. What are the existing interventions for improving tertiary educators’ mental health literacy (MHL) and is there any evidence of effectiveness?","Mental health literacy involves the ability to recognise specific mental health difficulties, knowing how to seek information, knowledge of risk factors/causes, treatments, professional support, and attitudes that promote recognition and help-seeking (Jorm et al., 1997)
Jorm, A. F., Korten, A. E., Jacomb, P. A., Christensen, H., Rodgers, B., & Pollitt, P. (1997). “Mental health literacy”: a survey of the public's ability to recognise mental disorders and their beliefs about the effectiveness of treatment. Medical journal of Australia, 166(4), 182-186.",
CRD42024611381,"How Intersectional are mental health interventions for marginalized adolescents? To what extent are intersectionality applied to adolescent mental health interventions? We aim to investigate the extend to which existing mental health interventions for vulnerable and marginalized adolescents are informed by intersectionality, and to conduct an intersectionality-based analysis utilizing a structured checklist.","More than 50% of mental health disorders first appear in adolescence and carry a long-term burden in adult life. Despite widespread recognition of the importance of promoting adolescent mental health, there remains a significant gap between the demand for services and the availability of resources. In addition, intersectionality has been largely ignored in adolescent mental health interventions. A dearth of studies on intersectionality and mental health service research urges researchers to apply the principles of intersectionality to mental health intervention. To our knowledge, only few review studies have examined whether an intervention
was guided by intersectionality. This review aims to assess how mental health interventions for adolescents are informed by the intersectionality framework and identify the intervention characteristics that are instrumental in incorporating intersectionality theory.",
CRD42024501872,20 years of SAGE: What affects mental health in low- and middle- income countries?,"Mental health, Suicide, Depression, Mild cognitive impairment (MCI), Subjective cognitive complaint, Anxiety, Stress, Happiness, Public Health.",
CRD420251029236,We aim systematically review the literature for studies investigating psychotherapy for adolescent inpatients with eating disorders. The main objective is to investigate reduction in eating disorder psychopathology following psychotherapeutic treatment in hospitalized adolescents with eating disorders,"- The following eating disorder diagnoses: anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, atypical anorexia nervosa, and atypical bulimia nervosa, unspecified eating disorder - Diagnoses according to DSM-IV, DSM-5, ICD-10, or ICD-11 - Hospitalized patients (including day hospital) - Patients aged 10 to 19 years (WHO definition adolescence) Psychotherapy We will include studies using any type of psychotherapeutic intervention, including group therapy, individual therapy, and family based therapy. Longitudinal clinical studies (cohort studies, case-control studies, and randomized controlled trials) investigating psychotherapy in hospitalized adolescents with eating disorders. English language studies published in international peer-reviewed journals will be included.","- Patients with obesity - Patients with Binge Eating Disorder (BED) - Outpatients (if no separate analyses are conducted on inpatients) Studies only investigating e.g., physiotherapy, pharmacological therapy, or nutritional therapy, without investigating psychotherapy Case reports"
CRD420250620869,"What is the current evidence on the effects of nutritional interventions in adult intensive care unit (ICU) patients and outcomes of post-intensive care syndrome (cognitive, physical, mental health, sleep outcomes)?","Critical Illness; Nutrition Therapy; Enteral nutrition; Nutritional Supplementation; Nutritional Support; Intensive care unit acquired weakness; Delirium; Cognitive impairment; Sleep disturbances; Quality of Life; Health-Related Quality of Life; Assessment Of Quality Of Life; Functionally Independent; Social functioning; Functional ability Patients who experience critical illness are at risk of long-term physical, cognitive, and mental health challenges, collectively known as Post-Intensive Care Syndrome (PICS). These challenges include ICU-acquired weakness, delirium, cognitive impairments such as dementia, sleep disturbances, and mood disorders, all of which can severely impact recovery and quality of life. Inclusion: Adults (older than 18 years) admitted to ICU or post-ICU survivors Intensive Care Unit (ICU) nutritional interventions are defined as those applied to patients and survivors with the aim of affecting clinical outcomes during and after ICU stay. Examples include adjustments to enteral and parenteral nutrition, dietary supplements, timing of nutritional interventions, and specific dietary plans. PICO tags selected: Placebo; Usual Care; Standard Dose","Exclusion: Adolescents (under 18 years of age), adults with traumatic brain injury or patients in neurocritical care We will not include studies that utilized combined interventions, defined as those combining a nutritional intervention with additional elements such as physical/psychological rehabilitation or pharmacotherapy."
CRD42024595791,"1) Does Written Exposure Therapy (WET), compared to any control condition, result in significant changes in PTSD symptom outcomes?
2) What is the pooled dropout rate for WET?","PTSD is prevalent cross-nationally, with global prevalence rates of 3.9% and 4.6%, respectively (Koenen et al., 2017). PTSD leads to deteriorating mental health, reduced quality of life, and significant functional impairment, placing a heavy disease burden on patients.",
CRD420250623778,"What is the association between traumatic childhood experiences (TCEs) and sleep health based on the current evidence from systematic review and meta-analysis, and what are the potential bias among them. What are the limitations should be improved of the current published systematic review and meta-analysis.","Sleep duration, sleep quality, and sleep disorders such as apnea, sleep wake disorders, insomnia and nightmare. Adults (over 18 years) in the general population have reported TCEs. Traumatic childhood experiences (TCEs)—defined as traumatic events occurring between childhood and adolescence (ages 0-17). Including experiencing physical, emotional, or sexual abuse; witnessing violence in the home; having a family member attempt or die by suicide; and growing up in a household with substance use, mental health problems, or instability due to parental separation, divorce, or incarceration. (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Preventing Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs): Leveraging the Best Available Evidence. Atlanta, GA: National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/pdf/preventingACES-508.pdf. Accessed October 2, 2019). Other traumatic experiences include food insecurity or not having enough food to eat, experiencing homelessness or unstable housing, experiencing discrimination, experiencing natural disasters, and experiencing medical illness. Additionally, peer, community, and collective violence. Comparable populations of adults who did not experience/report TCEs.",
CRD42025639827,"What are the Benefits, Challenges, and Future Recommendations of using crisis hotline among patient with mental health conditions?",mental health crisis,
CRD42020186572,"The objective of this review is to investigate and synthesize the body of knowledge surrounding interventions that target individuals and optimize their informal social support network, to identify gaps in such literature, and to examine the research-based evidence of the effectiveness of such interventions. The review will address the following questions:
• What empirically-supported interventions are available that may improve an individual’s social support network on dimensions of social support and/or well-being?
• How effective are such interventions?
• What is the methodological quality of such interventions?
The end goal is to examine which interventions are potentially adaptable to the rural caregiving context, as there is a specific need to enhance the informal social support systems of rural caregivers of persons with dementia; to our knowledge, no feasible informal social support interventions exist for this population.","The enhancement of informal social support networks may result in two possible types of outcome measures.
The first set of outcome measures assess the effect of the intervention on specific dimensions of social support and can include changes in support-seeking behaviours, perceived support, received support, support adequacy, social integration, and support structure.
The second outcome measures assess the intervention’s effect on dimensions of well-being and can include changes in subjective quality-of-life, feelings of burden, level of depression, negative self-appraisal, and overall mental health. Secondary outcomes may primarily include information on the barriers or facilitators involved in improving informal social support networks; in addition, differences within/between gender and relation to care recipient (in the case of other caregiving populations) may also be revealed and would prove valuable to the design of targeted interventions.",
CRD420251013955,"The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to assess the prevalence and explore the association of suicidal behavior (including suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, and completed suicides) among patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). CKD, a condition marked by the gradual loss of kidney function, has been linked to various psychological and emotional challenges, including an increased risk of suicidal thoughts and behaviors. This review aims to synthesize the available evidence from studies that examine the prevalence of suicidal behavior among CKD patients, focusing on those at different stages of the disease, from early-stage CKD to end-stage renal disease (ESRD), including those undergoing dialysis. Additionally, the review will analyze factors that may influence the association between CKD and suicidal behavior, such as demographic characteristics, comorbidities, psychiatric conditions, and treatment modalities (e.g., hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis). By combining data from multiple studies through meta-analysis, the review aims to provide a more accurate estimate of the prevalence of suicidal behavior in this patient population. Furthermore, the findings will highlight key risk factors that can aid in the identification of CKD patients at higher risk for suicide and improve clinical approaches to managing mental health in this vulnerable group.","Adult patients (18 years and older). Studies that assess suicidal ideation, suicidal attempts, or completed suicides in CKD patients. Patients diagnosed with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), regardless of stage (stage 1 to stage 5, including those on dialysis or without dialysis) if available",
CRD42024554547,"What literature is available on how user feedback is developed, perceived, collected or used within social care settings in the UK?","The purpose of this review is to understand from the existing literature how service user feedback is developed, perceived, collected or used in social care settings. Our definition of social care used in this study follows that as described by the Kings Fund (2024):
“Adult social care covers a wide range of activities that help people who are older or living with disability or physical or mental illness to live independently and stay well and safe. It can include ‘personal care’, such as support for washing, dressing and getting out of bed in the morning, as well as wider support to help people stay active and engaged in their communities""
However we have chosen not to include mental health services for this study. We have limited our study to This is limited to the UK. The focus of this review is on user feedback itself. Therefore, we are not including examples of individual projects which have utilised service feedback for project evaluation purposes or outcomes only (e.g. PROMs after community physiotherapy care). Individual projects may be included if they have utilised user feedback as the method for creating service or care improvement in one area (e.g. developing ways to use patient stories for improving service experience). Given the focus is on feedback, qualitative studies exploring users’ social care experiences will not be included unless this is part of feedback which the service itself has collected or utilised.",
CRD42024564499,"What is the evidence from published systematic reviews for the effectiveness of green care initiatives (adventure therapy, animal therapy, therapeutic farming and horticulture therapy) on mental health outcomes?",Mental health outcomes conceptualised as: mental health / wellbeing / loneliness / happiness / quality of life / cognitive decline / maladaptive behaviour / mental health diagnosis (such as depression / distress / PTSD / dementia / anxiety / suicide etc - please refer to search terms for complete list),
CRD420250651065,To systematically review and summarize the advances in the field of bipolar disorder in children and adolescents by conducting an umbrella review of the available meta-analytical evidence.,"Bipolar Disorder Bipolar Disorder in children and adolescents as defined by the diagnosis of a first episode of bipolar disorder (including BD-I, BD-II, cyclothymic disorder or BD-NOS) before the age of 18 year We will include individual meta-analyses enrolling individuals with a mean age of less than 18 years and with a wide range of early-onset psychiatric and psychological disorders. Interventional meta-analysis may focus on a wide variety of outcomes. Observational meta-analysis may focus on interventions with a wide range of clinical and psychological outcomes. The control group may include healthy control subjects, subjects with risk factors for bipolar disorder among others.",We will exclude individuals with a mean age of more than 18 years and those focusing on other mental health conditions only. No limitations in this regard will be established. No limitations in this regard will be established.
CRD42023434044,"In Children, what is the effect of Social and Cultural Influence on development of psychopathology?",General Psychopathology,
CRD42025512142,How does stress perception affect emotional eating and what role do anxiety and depression play in it?,"Emotional eating refers to the tendency of individuals to eat when they are unable to differentiate between hunger signals and emotional signals of discomfort, and when they are under the influence of adverse emotions, they create the illusion of hunger. Research suggests that individuals may use maladaptive eating behaviours to cope with stress to reduce these negative emotional experiences when they are experiencing stress. Emotional eating is positively associated with depression and leads to obesity in individuals. Emotional eating may also progress to various types of eating disorders, which can seriously damage an individual's physical and mental health. Currently, the mechanism by which stress perception affects emotional eating in individuals is unclear and needs to be further examined and analyzed.",
CRD42024606500,"This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to (a) assess adherence to 24-hour movement guidelines in young children, preschoolers, children, adolescents and (b) explore the association of 24-hour movement behaviors (physical activity, sedentary behavior, sleep) and specific combinations of these behaviors with cardiometabolic markers in young children, preschoolers, children, and adolescents. The aim is to provide more effective and targeted interventions for health-based 24 hours to reduce the incidence of cardiometabolic risk in younger populations.","Physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep are three interdependent motor behaviors that together make up a 24-hour daily cycle. Studies have shown that physical activity, shorter sedentary behavior, and optimal sleep duration are independently associated with positive physical and mental health benefits for young children, children, and adolescents. However, since an increase in time for one of these behaviors will inevitably reduce the time for the other two behaviors, the researchers began to focus highly on the interdependence of 24-h motor behaviors.
According to data released by the World Health Organization in 2024, cardiovascular disease and diabetes are the leading causes of death worldwide. Metabolic syndrome is a complex of risk factors for cardiovascular disease and diabetes, caused by various cardiometabolic risk factors (abnormal blood sugar, elevated blood pressure, elevated triglyceride levels, low HDL cholesterol levels, and obesity) . Studies have shown that childhood obesity significantly increases the risk of type 2 diabetes in adult37 and cardiovascular disease and death in adult. At the same time, poor lifestyle can also lead to the occurrence of cardiometabolic risk in children and adolescents.",
CRD420250651294,"The aim of this meta-analysis is to evaluate the performance of wearable devices and machine learning in predicting depression, comparing feature indicators and methods in longitudinal studies.","Depression is a significant global mental health issue, yet traditional assessment methods have limitations. The integration of wearable devices with machine learning techniques has emerged as a promising approach for predicting depression. However, the effectiveness of these technologies and the optimal selection of feature indicators remain unclear.This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the performance of wearable devices and machine learning in longitudinal depression prediction.",
CRD42023462987,What is the impact of cyber-bullying and online victimisation on the mental health of adolescents?,"Cyber-bullying. Online Victimisation, mental health, in adolescents Participants will be adolescents aged 14 to 19 years old.For the purposes of this review an adolescent will be determined using the World Health Organisation definition whereby an adolescent is any person between the ages of 10 to 19 years.Studies which involve participants over the age of 19 and under the age of 10 will be excluded. Studies which contain participants which intersect the age range such as age 6 to 14 or 16 to 24, will be excluded unless specific data of people within the age range is reported. There are no limitations with respect to gender, ethnicity and clinical status. Exposure to cyberbullying, adolescents who have been bullied through the use of electronic communication. Exposure to online victimisation, adolescents who have experienced being singled out and treated cruelly or unjust through electronic communicationInclusionAdolescents exposed to cyber-bullying and/or online victimisationThe bullying and/or online victimisation must have been assessed prior to the participants reaching the age of 19.ExclusionPerson to person bullying and/or victimisation.Bullying and/or online victimisation which has only been assessed retrospectively in adulthood. None",
CRD420250649036,What validate diagnostic algorithms exist for mental health concerns using Canadian electronic health record data?,"Mental disorder Mental health concerns Inclusion: Child, adolescent and adult populations with mental health concerns. Not applicable PICO tags selected: Chart Review, Verification Of Procedures",Studies in with the primary population is older adults/geriatric and/or the diagnosis of interest is dementia.
CRD42021236588,"Overall review question:
What are the key features, mechanisms, barriers and strengths of formal peer support in child & youth mental health services?
Sub-questions:
In what ways and in which contexts have peer support workers been involved in child and youth mental health services so far?
What are the outcomes of implementing formal peer support in child and youth mental health services?
What are the barriers and challenges of involving and pursuing formal peer support in child and youth mental health services?
What are the key features and core processes of successful formal peer support in child and youth mental health services?
What type of skills and knowledge are essential for peer support workers in child and youth mental health services?","Formal peer support in child and youth mental health services. Within this review, child and youth mental health services refers services ranging from primary care community services to specialist care mental health services and youth forensic services that support young people aged 8 to 23 with a diagnosed mental disorder (Appleton, 2000). This also includes services for parents, siblings, or carers of young people with a diagnosed mental disorder. Diagnosis of these mental disorders should be based on the fourth or fifth edition of Diagnostic Manual of Mental Disorder (DSM) or the eleventh revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11).
Formal peer support refers to those services and interventions that are delivered by a peer support worker in child and youth mental health services. A peer support worker is broadly defined as someone with lived experience of mental illness who supports others in recovery from mental illness (Repper & Carter, 2011; Collins, Firth & Shakespeare, 2016).",
CRD42022316931,"How do changes in depression scores differ in response to ECT treatments based on the anesthetic agent used (methohexital, propofol, ketamine, etomidate, thiopental)?","This study will examine patients with treatment-resistant depression, and how ECT treatments administered with different anesthetics will affect their depression scale scores, recovery time, seizure duration, and number of treatments required until therapeutic benefit.",
CRD42023475165,"In individuals with substance use disorders (SUDs), are currently available brain stimulation techniques effective in treating SUDs by decreasing substance use outcomes?","This review will investigate individuals with substance use disorders (SUDs). SUDs are a major contributor to morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although there are pharmacological, behavioral and psychosocial treatments available, they are not always effective or well-tolerated, and relapse rates continue to be as high as 60%. Neuromodulation (NM) methods, including repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and deep brain stimulation (DBS), may be promising brain-based approaches for the treatment of SUDs due to their ability to target addiction-associated neurocircuitry.",
CRD42023411995,"What are the determinants of willingness, intentions, attitudes, and behaviors related to HPV-related cancer prevention (e.g., HPV testing, cervical/anal/oropharyngeal cancer screening, HPV vaccination) among people experiencing homelessness.","HPV-related cancer prevention behaviors Types of participants include U.S. people who have ever or are currently experiencing homelessness (as defined by McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act: sheltered, unsheltered, hotel/motel, doubled-up), eligible for HPV vaccination and HPV/cancer screening. The primary outcomes to be examined are prevention behaviors (primary, secondary prevention) for cancers primarily associated with HPV (i.e., cervical cancer, oropharyngeal cancer, anal cancer, penile cancer, vaginal cancer, vulvar cancer). • HPV vaccination (age 11-12 – early as 9, up to age 26 for catch-up, 27-45 with SDM) - number of doses of HPV vaccine • HPV prevention via STI prevention (e.g., condoms, partner history) • Cancer screening (HPV testing as screening, pap testing, HPV-pap co-testing, ages 21-65)",
CRD42024498730,What changes do physical activity in green spaces produce in the mental health of young people?,Physical activity in nature. Mental and physical health in children and adolescents,
CRD420250653914,"Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD) and may lead to the release of circulating cell-free mitochondrial DNA (ccf-mtDNA). In recent years, an increasing number of studies have explored whether ccf-mtDNA could serve as a potential biomarker for MDD. However, the findings remain inconsistent. The core question of this meta-analysis is whether there are significant differences in ccf-mtDNA levels in MDD compared to healthy controls.","Major depressive disorder; Depression; Mental disorder Major depressive disorder is a mental disorder primarily diagnosed based on clinical symptom assessment, and there is an urgent need for objective biomarkers to enhance diagnostic accuracy and reliability. Inclusion: Patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder by two psychiatrists using the DSM-5 or ICD-10/11 criteria. Exclusion: The exposure factor in this study is the ccf-mtDNA levels between depressed patients and healthy controls. Inclusion: Inclusion: healthy controls or control group that does not meet the clinical diagnostic criteria for Major depressive disorder.",Exclusion: Studies that measure mitochondrial gene expression rather than ccf-mtDNA levels. Studies that the laboratory measurement methods differ between the experimental group and the control group. Exclusion: Individuals with any history of mental illness or family history.
CRD42025645474,"This review aims to address the following primary question: How do counselling and psychotherapy clients experience the process of preference-accommodation?
The review seeks to synthesise clients’ perspectives on:
• How clients feel about being consulted about preferences in counselling and psychotherapy.
• Clients’ experiences when preferences are accommodated or not.
• Clients’ recommendations for improving preference accommodation in therapy.
Secondary questions include:


1. How can the methodological quality of preferences research be enhanced?
• What is the scope of qualitative studies on client preferences (e.g., qualitative designs and methods, types of therapy, client populations)?
• What are methodological issues in qualitative research on preferences (e.g., client responses before, during or after therapy, influence of data collection mode)?
2. What would a client-generated framework for working with preferences look like?
• How do clients understand and talk about preferences (language, imagery, metaphor)?
• What is the structure of preference domains (e.g., preferences for therapeutic activities, therapist relationship style, flexibility of preferences)?
• What do clients think about how preference conversations impact therapy and the therapeutic relationship?
• What is the meaning for clients when preferences are not accommodated?
As client preference research is still new in psychotherapy, there may be few studies on similar aspects of preferences. Thus, a discovery-oriented approach to data analysis will be employed, sensitive to emergent questions.","This review studies client preference-accommodation before and during counselling and psychotherapy, referring to the process by which therapists consult clients about their preferences—therapeutic approaches, goals, or relational dynamics—and how these are integrated into therapy.
Research shows that accommodated client preferences are associated with improved engagement, better therapeutic outcomes, and lower dropout rates of the patients undergoing treatment (Gibson et al., 2020; Swift et al., 2018). While quantitative studies show benefits of preference-accommodation, qualitative research can offer deeper insights into clients' lived experiences, such as their feelings when their preferences are enquired about, the emotional and relational impact of having preferences accommodated or ignored, and practical implications for improving therapy processes.
Despite growing interest, no comprehensive meta-analytic review of qualitative research on preference-accommodation in psychotherapy has been conducted yet.
The present review will address these gaps by synthesizing qualitative evidence to:
• Examine clients’ experience when consulted about preferences.
• Explore client perceptions of how preference-accommodation affects the therapeutic relationship and outcomes.
• Identify client recommendations for improving therapists’ preference accommodation.
By focusing on this domain, the review aims to provide evidence to inform therapeutic practice that will enhance collaboration between clients and therapists, hence improving therapy outcomes.",
CRD42023445068,"What are the results of the measurement of quality of life in older adults with mild cognitive impairment based on the EQ-5D and SF-6D?
What are the health utility values for older adults with mild cognitive impairment base on EQ-5D and SF-6D?",Mild cognitive impairment. Quality of life. Health utility. EQ-5D. SF-6D.,
CRD42023425133,"This is a systematic meta-ethnographic study to examine, translate and synthesise insights from published peer-reviewed qualitative literature on –
1. What was the role of community mental health services in influencing mental health outcomes for individuals and systems during COVID-19?
2. What was the relationship between community mental health systems and the wider mental health landscape, particularly institutions (e.g., general hospitals, specialist long-stay facilities), during COVID-19?
3. How did community mental health services shape mental health service delivery and outcomes for individuals and communities during COVID-19?","The domain being examined is community mental health systems and services. This is defined by the American Psychological Association as activities which promote mental health, that are performed in the community instead of institutional settings.",
CRD420251003105,"To compare the efficacy and safety of Hypericum perforatum extracts (alone or combined with other herbal components) against placebo or antidepressants (e.g., SSRIs, TCAs) in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Outcomes include improvements in clinical symptoms, depression scale scores, and adverse event rates, thereby generating evidence-based recommendations for clinical use.","Adolescents or adults (≥10 years) diagnosed with mild, moderate, or severe depressive disorder per DSM or ICD criteria. Comorbid non-psychiatric conditions (e.g., stroke, myocardial infarction) are allowed. Postpartum depression (diagnosed within 4 weeks post-delivery) is included. Hypericum Extract; Hypericum Perforatum Leaf Extract; Hypericum Oil; Monotherapy Hypericum perforatum extracts (monotherapy or combined with other herbs) administered for ≥4 weeks. PICO tags selected: Placebo; Antidepressants; Usual Care",Studies involving bipolar disorder or schizophrenia with comorbid depression (per DSM-V).
CRD42024614593,"What is the association between experiences of bullying (in childhood, adolescence, and adulthood) and the subsequent development of psychosis in individuals, as measured by psychotic symptoms and diagnosed psychotic disorders?","Bullying, Schizophrenia and psychotic spectrum disorders",
CRD420250409989,What are the psychological outcomes for individuals undergoing cardiac screening following a relative suffering a sudden death or cardiac arrest with no known cause?,"Sudden Arrhythmic Death Syndrome (SADS) is an important cause of sudden death in the young, and is defined as a sudden and unexpected death for which no cause can be found, despite thorough post-mortem investigation. Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS), or 'cot death', applies to infants under one year of age.Unexpected Cardiac Arrest (UCA) is when an individual, who was previously fit and well, suffers a sudden cardiac arrest and is successfully resuscitated. In this case, a proportion of individuals will have no cause found for the arrest despite cardiac investigations, and these can be termed UCA or idiopathic ventricular fibrillation (IVF).A proportion of these events are due to inherited cardiac conditions (ICCs), primarily inherited arrhythmia syndromes, which can predispose individuals to dangerous abnormal heart rhythms in the absence of any structural defects. Therefore, first-degree relatives (parents, children, siblings) are advised to undergo cardiac investigations, ' cardiac screening', to reveal any hitherto undiagnosed ICCs.Due to the unexpected nature of SADS, SIDS and UCA, death of a family member, uncertainty regarding the aetiology and the implied risk, surviving relatives are at high risk of psychological distress. There are limited data on psychological outcomes in this population. 1. Individuals undergoing cardiac screening due to a family history of Sudden Death or Sudden Cardiac Arrest with no known cause (i.e. SADS, SIDS, UCA) Inclusion:1. Clinical cardiac evaluation for inherited cardiac conditions2. Post-mortem genetic testing in a relative following SADS or SIDS","1. Individuals undergoing cardiac investigations with a known cardiac condition 2. Relatives of individuals who have died suddenly of a known cause, e.g. cardiomyopathy Exclusion: 1. Clinical cardiac evaluation due to a family history of a named inherited cardiac condition, e.g. hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, either due to a pre- or post-mortem diagnosis"
CRD420251016642,"To evaluate and compare the effects of different types of exercise interventions on fatigue, dyspnea, physical function, cognitive function, and quality of life among older adults (aged ≥60 years) with long COVID, through an umbrella review of existing systematic reviews and meta-analyses.","Inclusion: Adults aged 60 years and over who have been diagnosed with long COVID (also referred to as post-COVID syndrome or post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection), as defined by any recognized clinical or research criteria. Participants may be community-dwelling or hospitalized, and studies including mixed-age adult populations will be included if subgroup data for ≥60-year-olds are available or if the average age of participants is ≥60 years. Exclusion: Studies focused exclusively on children or young/middle-aged adults (&lt;60 years), or those that do not specify the age group or long COVID status. Studies focusing only on acute COVID-19 infection (within 4 weeks) will also be excluded. Exercise therapy; Physical Exercises; Aerobic Exercise; Resistance training ; Breathing Exercises; Tai Chi PICO tags selected: Usual Care; Placebo This umbrella review will include systematic reviews and meta-analyses that synthesized randomized controlled trials (RCTs), non-randomized controlled trials, or both.",
CRD42024618923,What would be the emerging new themes from the review qualitative literature about the experiences of suicide survivors?,"family, suicide survivors, friends, adolescent, lived experiences,",
CRD420250640371,"Primary Review Question:""In patients with idiopathic scoliosis, how do Vertebral Body Tethering (VBT) and Posterior Spinal Fusion (PSF) compare in terms of major and minor Curve correction?""Secondary Review Questions:Radiographic Outcomes:How do VBT and PSF compare in terms of:Coronal balance (C7-CSVL)Spinal height (t1-s1)Shoulder height difference (cm)Thoracic kyphosisLumbar lordosisPatient-Reported Outcomes:How do VBT and PSF affect patient-reported outcomes, including:SRS-22 scores (function, pain, self-image, mental health, satisfaction)Clinical Outcomes:How does postoperative trunk range of motion compare between VBT and PSF in:FlexionExtensionSide bendingAxial rotationSurgical/Perioperative Outcomes:How do VBT and PSF compare in terms of:Length of stay (LOS)Blood lossOperation timeNumber of fused levelsComplication Rates:What are the overall complication rates for VBT vs. PSF?How do VBT and PSF compare in terms of revision surgery rates?","Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis; Scoliosis Deformity Of Spine Idiopathic scoliosis is a structural lateral curvature of the spine with a rotational component, occurring in otherwise healthy individuals without a known cause. It is the most common type of scoliosis and is classified based on the age of onset: infantile idiopathic scoliosis (IIS) (0–3 years), juvenile idiopathic scoliosis (JIS) (4–9 years), adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) (10–18 years), and early-onset scoliosis (EOS) (0–10 years). AIS is the most prevalent form, often progressing during periods of rapid growth, such as adolescence. The condition can lead to cosmetic deformities, pain, and, in severe cases, cardiopulmonary compromise due to thoracic deformity.The primary goal of treatment is to prevent curve progression and correct deformity while preserving spinal mobility and function. Surgical intervention is considered when the curvature exceeds a certain threshold (typically >45–50 degrees) or shows significant progression. This systematic review focuses on comparing two surgical approaches: Vertebral Body Tethering (VBT), a newer, motion-preserving technique, and Posterior Spinal Fusion (PSF), the traditional gold standard. The review evaluates radiographic outcomes, perioperative parameters, patient-reported outcomes, and complication rates to provide evidence-based insights into the comparative effectiveness and safety of these two surgical Inclusion criteriaPatients diagnosed with early-onset scoliosis (EOS) or adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).Studies reporting on patients who treated with either Vertebral Body Tethering (VBT) or Posterior Spinal Fusion (PSF).Studies reporting radiographic, patient reported outcomes and complications with a minimum follow-up period of 2 years.Studies reporting clinical outcomes on range of motion and perioperative outcomesProspective or retrospective studies and randomised control trialsExclusion criteriaStudies involving other surgical techniques or hybrid constructsPatients with a history of prior spine surgery.Studies reporting radiographic, patient reported outcomes and complications with less than 2 years of follow-up.Patients with scoliosis of non-idiopathic origin, including congenital, syndromic, or neuromuscular scoliosis.Patients with a history of spinal infection, tumor, or trauma.Review and meta-analysis type articles Intervention group: Patients with idiopathic scoliosis treated with Vertebral body tethering Control group: Patients with idiopathic scoliosis treated with Posterior spinal fusion",
CRD42022354851,"The main objective of this systematic review is evaluate the psychometric properties of the ""Illness Management and Recovery Scale"" from its creation to the present date, using the Consensus based Standards for the selection of health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) method.","The construct “recovery” is a new paradigm used in mental health defined as a deeply personal, unique process of changing one's attitudes, values, feelings, goals, skills and/or roles. It is a way of living a satisfying, hopeful, and contributing life even with limitations caused by the illness. The Illness Management and Recovery Scale (Mueser et al., 2005) aims to quantify the perceptions that each individual has of their recovery odds, their personal goals and difficulties in coping with the mental health problem.",
CRD42021235312,"What is the effectiveness of virtual reality treatment when compared to other conservative and non-conservative therapies to reduce pain, improve range of motion and quality of life in patients with musculoskeletal disorders?","Musculoskeletal disorders (MSKD) are injuries and dysfunctions that have a negative impact on the human musculoskeletal system. They include all diseases of the musculoskeletal system, from temporary inflammatory injuries to degenerative, disabling disorders. These include health problems of muscles, tendons, ligaments, cartilage, nerves, and blood vessels, among others. They are the most common cause of chronic pain, physical functional impairment, and loss of quality of life.[23],[24]
The most common musculoskeletal disorders are low back pain, osteoarthritis, shoulder pain, among others. This systematic review will focus on the effect of virtual reality treatments on patients with musculoskeletal disorders except for those MSK disorders of the orofacial, cranial, and cervical regions.",
CRD420251001878,"To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Intraneural facilitation in patients with diabetic neuropathy, compared with placebo or standard care, on neuropathic pain and nerve function.","a Randomized Controlled Trials or quasi-RCT research involves adult patients, aged 18 years and above, who have been clinically diagnosed with either type 1 or type 2 diabetes. These patients undergo clinical assessment, nerve conduction studies, and validated neuropathy scales to provide evidence or diagnosis of peripheral diabetic neuropathy. and they treat with intraneural facilitation to treat diabetic neuropathy. This includes only articles published in the English language. Intraneural facilitation therapy placebo or standard of care.","Studies in pediatric populations (&lt;18 years), Studies that do not diagnose or report on diabetic peripheral neuropathy study design other than RCT as case reports, case series with petite sample sizes, conference abstracts that lack sufficient outcome data, narrative reviews, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, editorials, or letters. Animal or in vitro studies are not included in this category. the poor-quality study, not an available long article"
CRD42024607528,Evaluating the Efficacy of Isokinetic Muscle Strengthening Training in Improving Knee Osteoarthritis Outcomes.,"Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a prevalent degenerative joint disease that is categorized as “paralysis” in the context of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). The primary pathological manifestations of KOA include articular cartilage degeneration, and osteophyte formation. These changes can lead to a spectrum of symptoms including joint pain, reduced mobility, and severe disability. Furthermore, KOA increases the risk of complications such as lower extremity deep vein thrombosis and cardiovascular events. The prevalence of this condition is notably higher among the middle-aged and older populations. Isokinetic muscle strengthening training (IMST), recognized as a safe and non-invasive therapeutic approach, is widely employed to rehabilitate muscles affected by KOA, with the aim of enhancing muscle strength. Despite the abundance of clinical studies exploring the efficacy of IMST in treating KOA, these studies had limited sample sizes and a fragmented focus on specific outcome measures.
Furthermore, the field lacks systematic and comprehensive evaluation studies. Given these gaps, we aimed to conduct a meta-analysis of the existing literature on IMST for KOA treatment, to provide a more robust evidence-based foundation for clinical rehabilitation practices. Concurrently, the IMST data from lowland areas provided substantial clinical support for its application in treating KOA in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.",
CRD420250646638,What is the relationship between nitric oxide (NO) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the vascular remodeling of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) across clinical and experimental studies?,"Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia (CDH) is a malformation of the diaphragm characterized by total or partial agenesis of the muscle. Its pathogenesis is linked to nitric oxide (NO) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), the key molecules of interest in this review. Human and/or animal models (Sprague Dawley rats, rabbits, sheep) with Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia, all sexes. 1) Healthy Animals: Age-matched, non-CDH animals (rats, rabbits, sheep) that have not undergone CDH induction.2) Healthy humans that were matched to CDH patients.3) Lung and blood samples from healthy controls will be used to directly compare with those from CDH-affected individuals within the same species.","will be excluded if they involve a population not specified in the inclusion criteria, including any animal species not explicitly mentioned, animals with comorbities, in vitro. 1) not involving the specified animal models or human CDH cases.2) inadequate measurement or reporting of NO and VEGF.3) Studies with significant methodological inconsistencies."
CRD42020203953,How does mindfulness-based stress reduction and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy as a therapeutic means affect prehypertension and hypertension in adults compared to usual care or other interventions?,Hypertension. Prehypertension. MBSR/MBCT in adults.,
CRD420250639795,Can the potential therapeutic mechanism of benzoylaconine (BAC) serve as a basis for the future development and use of BAC as a drug?,"It does not involve research on human diseases. Male Wistar Rat model of MI induced, heart failure model of C57BL/6 male mice, Male SD rats of Ischemia/reperfusion (IR) model, SD rats of OA model, Male SD rats of CIA model, Female Kunming mice of inflammatory ear model, Male Wistar rats of adjuvant-induced arthritis model Blank.",
CRD42023388177,"The aim of our study is to identify, present, and appraise CPGs for non-pharmacological conservative management of CRPS and to describe the best recommended practice in the management of CRPS.","Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS), which is a “chronic primary pain” condition, is a rare debilitating neurological condition that typically develops after a trauma or nerve injury. As its name implies, CRPS is a complex of signs and symptoms that are difficult to manage, and are usually out of proportionate to the primary impairment.",
CRD420250599111,"P: Breast Cancer Animal ModelI: Nanobody-based immunotherapyC: No comparatorO: Cancer Progression, Tumor Marker, Tumor Volume.S: Experimental Study","Breast cancer. Tumor immunotherapy. All animal models used to study breast cancer, including xenograft, orthotopic, syngeneic, and genetically engineered models. All species (e.g., mice, rats), both sexes, and all breast cancer subtypes (e.g., HER2+, triple-negative) are eligible. Studies must involve nanobody-based immunotherapy interventions and report outcomes related to efficacy, safety, or pharmacokinetics. - Vehicle-treated, untreated, or placebo controls - Standard treatments for breast cancer such as chemotherapy, monoclonal antibodies (e.g., trastuzumab), or other immunotherapies (e.g., checkpoint inhibitors) - Sham-treated groups in preclinical in vivo models - Alternative therapeutic agents used in experimental or clinical settings","Studies using animals with unrelated co-morbidities or disease models not representative of breast cancer; studies not involving nanobody interventions; and ex vivo, in vitro, or in silico models without any in vivo animal experimentation. Studies will be excluded if: - They do not include a control or comparator group - The comparator is not clearly described or relevant to breast cancer treatment - The comparator involves non-immunotherapeutic or non-oncologic agents not aligned with the scope of this review - They are single-arm studies or purely descriptive studies without any comparative analysis."
CRD42025640083,"What are the therapeutic response rates and failure patterns associated with palliative systemic treatments in patients with metastatic, recurrent, or unresectable head and neck cancers?","Palliative systemic treatment outcomes in metastatic, recurrent, and unresectable head and neck cancers.",
CRD42021253134,Is there a difference in clinical outcomes among patients with sacroiliac joint dysfunction when treated with surgical intervention compared to conservative therapy?,Sacroiliac joint dysfunction occurs in patients where the point of articulation between the lower spine and pelvis has increased mobility. This increased mobility causes inflammation in the area and leads to the patient experiencing pain.,
CRD420250625997,"Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a devastating progressive neurodegenerative disorder marked by progressive cognitive decline, memory loss, and functional impairment. With the global aging population, the prevalence of AD is increasing at an alarming rate, placing enormous strain on families, caregivers, and healthcare systems. Despite ongoing research advancements in neuroscience, the current pharmacological treatments for AD, such as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and NMDA receptor antagonists, offer only modest symptomatic relief and are often associated with adverse side effects and limited long-term efficacy.","Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a chronic, progressive neurodegenerative disorder that primarily affects older adults. It is characterized by the gradual decline of cognitive functions, including memory, reasoning, and language, ultimately interfering with the ability to perform daily activities. AD is pathologically marked by the accumulation of amyloid-beta plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, oxidative stress, synaptic dysfunction, and chronic neuroinflammation. These alterations lead to the deterioration of neuronal structure and function, resulting in significant cognitive and behavioral impairments. Alzheimer's Disease represents the most common form of dementia and poses a substantial public health challenge due to its increasing prevalence, high care burden, and limited therapeutic options. Current treatments provide only modest symptomatic relief, without altering disease progression. As such, there is a growing interest in identifying and evaluating novel therapeutic approaches—particularly those based on nutritional and functional food interventions—that could support neuroprotection and slow or prevent disease progression. This systematic review focuses on the potential of Fish Protein Hydrolysates (FPH), derived from enzymatically processed fish proteins, which are rich in bioactive peptides known to exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties. Understanding the role of FPH in mitigating AD pathology may provide insight into their utility as complementary or alternative treatments for Alzheimer's Disease. • Animal models used for studying Alzheimer's Disease (e.g., transgenic mice such as 5XFAD, APP/PS1, and other genetically modified or chemically induced AD models). • All species (primarily rodent models), regardless of sex. • Studies evaluating the neuroprotective, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, or cognitive effects of Fish Protein Hydrolysates (FPH). • Studies with well-defined control and treatment groups. • Studies reporting outcomes related to AD pathology such as amyloid-beta accumulation, oxidative stress, inflammation, synaptic dysfunction, or behavioral/cognitive performance. • Peer-reviewed publications available in English. • Vehicle-treated control groups (e.g., animals or cells treated with saline, buffer, or placebo substances matching FPH formulation without active peptides). • Non-treated (baseline) groups used to assess the progression of Alzheimer's Disease-like symptoms or neurodegeneration. • Groups treated with conventional Alzheimer's Disease therapeutics such as donepezil, galantamine, rivastigmine, or memantine, as used in comparative preclinical or clinical trials. • Positive control groups treated with known neuroprotective agents or standard-of-care drugs used for benchmarking FPH efficacy. • In vitro models with untreated cells or cells treated with control peptide fractions or enzymatic digests lacking bioactivity.","• Animal studies involving co-morbid conditions not relevant to Alzheimer's pathology (e.g., diabetes, cardiovascular disorders without neurodegenerative context). • Studies lacking control groups or baseline comparison. • In vitro, ex vivo, or in silico models. • Studies where the intervention is not FPH or is part of a multi-compound treatment without isolated analysis of FPH effects. • Non-peer-reviewed articles, conference abstracts, and reviews. • Studies lacking a clearly defined control or comparator group. • Control groups where multiple variables are altered, making it difficult to isolate the effects of FPH. • Comparators involving combined treatments where the impact of FPH cannot be separated from other components. • Studies using historical or retrospective control data without standardization."
CRD42024557720,"- Is surgical lymphedema treatment effective?
- Do different surgical techniques yield significantly different results when assessing for limb volume reduction?
- Does the severity of lymphedema cases have an impact on the effectiveness of volume reduction?
- Do different surgical approaches yield different quality of life outcomes?
- Is surgical lymphedema treatment more effective in severe cases of lymphedema when assessing quality-of-life outcomes?","Lymphedema is a worldwide condition primarily affecting cancer survivors. Additionally, there is primary lymphedema, which can develop in childhood or adulthood due to underdeveloped lymphatic tissue. This condition causes limb swelling, leading to heaviness, pain, and restricted mobility. The initial treatment typically involves conservative measures such as compression garments and repeated decongestive therapy. However, these interventions can significantly impact patients' quality of life, and they often provide limited reduction in limb volume. Consequently, patients often seek alternative treatments to alleviate these burdens and improve their quality of life. Surgical options for lymphedema treatment have advanced significantly over recent decades, resulting in a growing body of literature on this subject.",
CRD42018100458,"1. What is the pharmacodynamics basis of why and how 11β-HSD1 inhibitors may or should be beneficial in therapeutic areas of Alzheimer's disease and dementia, anxiety, PTSD, depression, schizophrenia and bipolar, metabolic syndrome, obesity and diabetes ?
2. What is the therapeutic potential and health outcomes of 11β-HSD1 inhibitor use?","We are interested in understanding the role of 11beta-HSD1 in the following disease areas :
•Cognitive dysfunction (including mild cognitive impairment and all forms of dementia)
• Psychiatric diagnosis (anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, schizophrenia and bipolar)
• Metabolic syndrome
• Obesity
• Diabetes",
CRD42023460093,"""What is the overall efficacy and safety profile of the PulseRider® device in the treatment of intracranial aneurysms, and how does it compare to other available treatment options?""","Brain aneurysms are weakened areas in the blood vessel walls of the brain that can lead to the formation of a bulging or ballooning sac. These sacs can potentially rupture and cause serious medical issues, including hemorrhagic strokes.The risk of developing brain aneurysms is influenced by various factors, including family history, age (with higher risk in middle-aged individuals), gender (more common in women), hypertension, smoking, drug abuse (particularly cocaine), heavy alcohol consumption, a history of head trauma, and certain medical conditions like polycystic kidney disease and connective tissue disorders. While these factors can increase the risk, not everyone with these factors will develop an aneurysm, and some individuals may develop one without identifiable risk factors. If there are concerns about aneurysm risk, consulting with a healthcare professional for personalized assessment and guidance on prevention and monitoring is advisable.Detecting brain aneurysms at an early stage is crucial as it enables proactive measures to prevent rupture and reduce associated risks. Early identification allows for informed decisions on treatment, potentially saving lives and minimizing the impact of aneurysms on patients' well-being.",
CRD42024527853,To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) guided liver tumor biopsy,"The incidence of liver tumors is high, especially malignant tumors, including primary liver cancer and metastatic liver cancer. Early diagnosis is very important for the next step of treatment. The pathological results obtained by puncture biopsy is the gold standard for the diagnosis of liver tumors. Ultrasound-guided puncture biopsy is the most commonly used method, and its clinical application is more and more extensive, but two-dimensional ultrasound examination shows some liver lesions are not clear, especially some occult liver cancer, two-dimensional ultrasound is very difficult to display, gray-scale and color Doppler ultrasound is difficult to identify the active part of space-occupying lesions or observe the vascular state within the space-occupying lesions, resulting in unsatisfactory samples. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) through intravenous injection of contrast agent can clearly show the blood flow and the active part of the focus, so the CEUS-guided puncture biopsy can accurately puncture to the smaller focus, which can clearly distinguish the substantial part from the necrotic and liquefied part, and improve the success rate of puncture. Therefore, this study further systematically evaluates the diagnostic value of CEUS-guided liver tumor biopsy.",
CRD42023410432,"What are the modalities of care and outcomes thereof in hepatocellular carcinoma with pulmonary metastasis?
What is the relationship between the total hepatocellular carcinoma population and the number of patients that develop pulmonary metastasis?",The condition that will be studied is pulmonary metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma. The global trend of its incidence will be quantified and the relationship to the total HCC population will be described. The management and their respective outcomes will be critically analysed on a global scale.,
CRD42023485537,"P-Patients with an active cellulitis/bacterial skin infection/erysipela
I- Omadacycline
C- Linezolid
O- Reduction of infection
T- Therapy, RCT
T- No time limit","The primary bacterium responsible for Acute Bacterial Skin and Skin Structure Infections (ABSSSIs) is Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). Nevertheless, the current medications utilized for treatment carry potential risks of adverse reactions. Considering these risks, there is an urgent need to investigate new drugs for ABSSSI treatment. These innovative medications should strive to improve therapeutic efficacy while reducing the overall treatment burden on patients. Our study intends to compare the effectiveness of Omadacycline in relation to Linezolid.",
CRD42023397373,"1. To explore the efficacy of various commonly used external intervention methods using meta-analysis techniques.
2. To identify the best intervention measure or combination of measures.
3.To provide evidence for a better treatment plan for tennis elbow based on the new therapeutic evidence.","Tennis elbow, also known as external humeral epicondylitis (EHE), The main clinical manifestations were radioactive pain in the elbow downward along the forearm extensor group. The pain was aggravated when fists were clenched, wrists were extended, and forearm was rotated, accompanied by symptoms such as limited activity, tenderness and weakness. The main clinical manifestations were radioactive pain in the elbow downward along the forearm extensor group, and it occurred in the age group of 25–64 years old. Non-timely treatment will gradually develop into intractable tennis elbow, which has greatly affected the patients' daily life and work, and seriously affected their quality of life. In clinic, conservative external therapy is mainly applied to tennis elbow, and conservative treatment has proved effective in about 90% of patients [1]. In addition, a large number of clinical evidences show that external therapies of traditional Chinese and Western medicine have good clinical effects. However, no study has been conducted to compare the excellent effects of several external therapies commonly used for the treatment of tennis elbow horizontally. In this study, the meta of seven commonly used external therapies were investigated and meta-analyzed to further provide evidence for the selection of clinical treatment options for tennis elbow.",
CRD42023389133,Could the treatment of Panax ginseng attenuate alcohol-associated liver disease in rodent models in vivo?,"alcohol-associated liver liver disease Mice and rat experimental models with alcohol-associated liver liver diseases (all species and all sexes). All timings, frequencies, and dosages of treatment are eligible for inclusion. Vehicle-treated control animals.","Studies without animal experiments
In vitro experiments Studies with undefined time, frequency, or the dose of treatment are excluded.
Insufficient data of the primary outcomes Studies that used natural products other than Panax ginseng"
CRD420251030935,Review Objectives:,"This review will include studies involving: Human participants of any age group (adults, elderly, or pediatric populations), both healthy volunteers and patients, where the aim is to evaluate drug response, efficacy, metabolism, or adverse reactions influenced by pharmacogenomics, gut microbiota, epigenetic mechanisms, or artificial intelligence-based tools. Animal studies will be included only if they provide direct translational relevance to human drug response, such as mechanistic insights into microbiota-drug interactions, epigenetic modifications, or preclinical pharmacogenomic models. There will be no restriction on sex, ethnicity, or geographic location of participants. This review will include studies that investigate one or more of the following interventions or exposures with respect to drug action (efficacy, metabolism, toxicity, or clinical outcomes): Gut Microbiota: Studies examining the composition, modulation (e.g., probiotics, antibiotics, fecal transplants), or microbial metabolites affecting drug pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics. Pharmacogenomics (PGx): Research evaluating the influence of genetic polymorphisms (e.g., CYP450, TPMT, SLCO1B1) on drug metabolism, efficacy, or adverse reactions. Inclusion of clinically actionable gene-drug pairs supported by guidelines (e.g., CPIC, PharmGKB). Epigenetics: Studies investigating epigenetic changes such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, or microRNAs that alter drug response or resistance. Artificial Intelligence (AI): Use of AI, machine learning, or deep learning models for predicting drug efficacy, toxicity, or individual treatment outcomes using clinical or omics data. Tools integrating multi-omics or personalized profiles for drug selection or dosing. Note: Eligible studies may involve single or multi-domain exposures, provided they assess measurable drug response outcomes and contribute to understanding personalized pharmacology. PICO tags selected: Sham Intervention ; Gut microbial biomarker; Placebo This review will include studies that compare the impact of various biological or computational factors on drug response using one or more of the following comparators: Standard treatment or clinical care protocols, used as a reference to evaluate AI-based prediction tools or pharmacogenomic interventions. Wild-type versus mutant genotypes in pharmacogenomic studies, to assess differential drug efficacy or adverse effects. Different gut microbiota profiles, such as high vs low diversity or presence vs absence of specific microbial taxa, influencing pharmacokinetics or clinical response. Unmodified vs epigenetically altered models, in studies investigating DNA methylation or histone changes affecting drug metabolism or resistance. Non-AI vs AI-assisted decision-making, to evaluate improvement in precision medicine outcomes or prediction accuracy. Studies without an explicit control or comparator group will also be included if they provide mechanistic or translational insights into drug response","Studies involving only in vitro experiments, cell lines, or computational models without biological validation will be excluded. Animal studies that lack direct translational relevance to human health or drug response will be excluded. Studies involving non-therapeutic substances, such as dietary supplements without pharmacological intent, will be excluded. Populations with no reported drug exposure or drug response outcomes (e.g., purely diagnostic or screening studies) will be excluded. Conference abstracts, editorials, letters, or narrative opinions without original data or systematic review methodology will also be excluded. Studies that do not assess any direct impact on drug efficacy, metabolism, toxicity, or treatment outcomes will be excluded. Studies focusing solely on nutritional interventions (e.g., diet alone without pharmacological relevance) or microbiome diversity unrelated to drug action will be excluded. Pharmacogenomic studies that lack clinical correlation or only describe genetic variation frequencies without linking to drug response will be excluded. Epigenetic research without relevance to drug interaction or therapeutic modulation will not be included. Studies using AI exclusively for diagnosis, image analysis, or non-therapeutic prediction (e.g., disease risk without drug linkage) will be excluded. In vitro models, review articles without systematic methodology, and theoretical frameworks without experimental or clinical data will be excluded. Studies that use non-relevant comparators unrelated to drug action (e.g., comparisons between diagnostic modalities, imaging tools, or disease severity without assessing drug response) will be excluded. Comparisons that do not involve pharmacogenomic, microbiota, epigenetic, or AI-related factors in the context of drug therapy will be excluded. Studies comparing different nutritional regimens or lifestyle interventions without pharmacological endpoints will be excluded. Comparators involving non-human models without clear translational linkage to human pharmacological outcomes will not be considered. Articles that do not define or clearly describe the comparator group (e.g., unclear reference population or poorly reported control) will also be excluded."
CRD420250653394,1: How good is adherence to CPAP therapy in randomised controlled intervention studies for obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) in hours of use/night and percentage of patients using CPAP at least 4 h/night? 2: Are there predictors (patient or study design related) for inadequate (<4h) or good adherence to CPAP therapy in RCTs?,"Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Ventilation ; Patient compliance; Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome OSA is the disease of interest and CPAP adherance and its predictors the outcome of interest.Studies show that CPAP adherence in OSA patients is often suboptimal, with long-term adherence rates generally between 30 and 60 %. Although many patients initially use CPAP regularly, a significant proportion of them discontinue or reduce their use over time. The most common barriers include discomfort, problems with the mask, noise and a perceived lack of benefit. Eligibility (RCTs): - adult patients with OSA (AHI > 5/h) - allocation to CPAP in the intervention arm and an inactive control in the control group - follow-up time of at least 4 weeks - reportage of any CPAP adherence time Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Ventilation",
CRD420250598063,Does the use of gabiroba extract improve metabolic and inflammatory parameters in Wistar rats compared to a control group?,"Obesity. Diabetes Mellitus. Hepatic steatosis. Dyslipidemia. Rodents of both sexes and that evaluate the effect of gabiroba on biomarkers of obesity, diabetes, dyslipidemia, inflammation or hepatic steatosis.",Studies that did not treat gabiroba as a therapeutic agent
CRD420250639240,"To identify and review published evidence on the clinical safety, efficacy and effectiveness of treatments for non-segmental vitiligo (NSV), in adults.","The focus of this review is vitiligo, specifically NSV also defined as bilateral or symmetrical vitiligo. Subtypes of NSV including acro-facial, mucosal, generalised/common, universal, mixed and rare forms will also be considered. Inclusion criteria: adult patients with nonsegmental/bilateral/symmetrical vitiligo are the focus of this review. Mixed populations of NSV and segmental vitiligo (SV) will be included provided that outcomes are stratified by vitiligo type; subtypes of NSV including acro-facial, mucosal, generalised/common, universal, mixed and rare forms will also be considered. Given that the definition of adults may vary between countries, all studies in adult patients including those under the age of 18 years will be included and tagged. Inclusion: pharmacological interventions including, as mono- or in combination therapy, topical corticosteroids (e.g. betamethasone, dexamethasone, methylprednisolone, prednisone, prednisolone, clobetasol propionate, hydrocortisone, triamcinolone, mometasone furoate), topical calcineurin inhibitors (e.g. tacrolimus and pimecrolimus), calcipotriol (topical vitamin D), systemic corticosteroids (e.g. betamethasone, dexamethasone, methylprednisone, prednisone, prednisolone, hydrocortisone, triamcinolone), immunomodulatory therapies (e.g. methotrexate, cyclosporine, azathioprine, apremilast), biologics (e.g. etanercept, infliximab, adalimumab, abatacept, secukinumab, ustekinumab, ixekizumab, brodalumab, bimekizumab, guselkumab, tildrakizumab, risankizumab, mirikizumab), topical kinase inhibitors (e.g. ruxolitinib), oral kinase inhibitors (e.g. tofacitinib, upadacitinib, baricitinib, deuruxolitinib, abrocitinib, delgocitinib, ritlecitinib), photo/light therapy (e.g. ultraviolet B [UVB], narrowband [NB]-UVB, psoralen with ultraviolet A [PUVA]), crisaborole (phosphodiesterase-4 [PDE4] inhibitor), melanocyte transplantation, laser (e.g. carbon dioxide or excimer), surgical techniques (e.g. mini punch grafting, suction blister grafting, split skin grafting, cellular grafting), and microneedling. Any comparator is permitted as long as the comparison includes at least one specified intervention of interest.","Exclusion: patients without vitiligo, with segmental/unilateral/localised/focal/unisegmental/bisegmental/plurisegmental vitiligo, or keloid or hypertrophic scars will be excluded. Paediatric, infant and non-human studies will also be excluded. Studies for which the patient age range is not specified or unclear will be tagged and considered for inclusion at full text review. Exclusion: herbal medications, cosmetic treatments, depigmentation techniques, other treatments not mentioned in the inclusion criteria unless in combination with a relevant intervention."
CRD42024613787,What is the effectiveness of Ascorbic acid/ Vitamin C in the treatment of Gingival hyperpigmentation?,effect of Ascorbic acid/Vitamin C in gingival hyperpigmentation patients,
CRD42023412320,"Reports will be evaluated using PICO (Population, Intervention, Comparison and Outcomes). We will evaluate the site of tendinopathy/enthesopathy, the type of embolic agent used, the change in symptoms with treatment, and adverse events.",Refractory tendinopathy,
CRD42024616154,"This umbrella review aims to address the overarching question:
What are the safety and efficacy profiles of Aducanumab, Lecanemab, and Donanemab for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease, based on existing meta-analyses and supplementary evidence from trials and subgroup analyses not previously included?
To address this broad question, the review is divided into the following specific sub-questions:
Efficacy:
How do Aducanumab, Lecanemab, and Donanemab compare in terms of improving cognitive outcomes (e.g., ADAS-Cog, CDR-SB)?
What is their impact on Alzheimer’s disease biomarkers (e.g., amyloid plaque reduction, tau levels)?
Are there subgroup-specific differences in efficacy (e.g., APOE4 carriers vs. non-carriers, early vs. advanced stages of Alzheimer’s disease)?
Safety:
What are the rates and types of adverse events, including ARIA (amyloid-related imaging abnormalities), associated with each drug?
Are there differences in safety profiles across patient subgroups (e.g., APOE4 carriers, gender)?
Methodological Comparisons:
How do existing meta-analyses differ in their inclusion criteria, statistical methods, and handling of heterogeneity?
What are the methodological limitations of existing meta-analyses, and how do they affect the conclusions?
Supplementary Evidence:
What additional insights can be gained from trials, subgroup analyses, and real-world studies not included in previous meta-analyses?",Alzheimers disease,
CRD42024617388,"P (Population)
Population involved: Includes all individuals participating in the study, such as the general population, patients with hypertension, etc. (specific details need to be obtained from the study).
I (Intervention)
Intervention: Different levels of salt intake (low-salt diet or reduced salt consumption).
C (Comparison)
Comparison group: Higher levels of salt intake (high-salt diet or normal intake).
O (Outcome)
Outcome: Changes in blood pressure (such as alterations in systolic and diastolic pressure).","This study focuses on the connotations and applications of salt in health preservation culture, integrating traditional Chinese medicine theories with modern science. It explores the health benefits, pathogenic effects, therapeutic roles, and medicinal uses of salt, while also extracting patterns through data mining. The aim is to promote the dissemination of salt health preservation culture and the prevention and treatment of diseases such as hypertension.",
CRD420251024072,What is the landscape of somatic mutational signatures in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer and their implications for treatment response?,"• TNBC ( all subtypes) of any age Patients with histologically confirmed Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC). Studies must differentiate TNBC from other breast cancer subtypes based on receptor status (ER-, PR-, HER2-). Randomized and non-randomized control studies, observational studies, retrospective as well as prospective cohort studies, case-control studies, genome sequencing studies published in English, which reported the somatic mutations associated with TNBC. Studies must report somatic mutations identified using Whole-exome sequencing (WES), or targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) panels. Studies published within the last 10-15 years (based on the genomic technology advancements).  Somatic mutation analysis using next-generation sequencing (NGS) methods like Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) and Targeted Gene Panels.","Literatures published in other than English language, non-human studies, non-experimental studies such as surveys, review articles, systematic review, meta-analysis, abstracts, conferences abstracts, posters, editorials, seminar presentations, unpublished material, commentaries, reviews, notes, guidelines, unavailable full-text articles, books and unpublished clinical trial related studies will be excluded from this study. Studies that focus only on germline mutations (e.g., BRCA1/2 hereditary mutations) without reporting somatic alterations as well as studies that report only epigenetic"
CRD42018096015,"To investigate whether a TCM formula named Tong Xin Luo in combination with atorvastatin shows more prominent therapeutic effects against coronary heart disease angina, and is associated with fewer adverse reactions, compared with atorvastatin treatment alone.",Coronary heart disease angina is mainly caused by coronary atherosclerotic stenosis caused by the supply of blood can not meet the needs of cardiac activity.,
CRD42023413188,"What are the regional differences in prevalence of non-conventional cardiovascular risk factors amongst acute coronary syndrome patients without standard modifiable cardiovascular risk factors, and their effects on the patients' survival and prognosis?","Regional differences in non-conventional cardiovascular risk factors in acute coronary syndrome patients without standard modifiable cardiovascular risk factors, and their effects on survival and prognosis",
CRD420250640476,Establish the value of physical therapist-led treatment and determine if the level of supervision and frequency of visits of this type of licensed clinician provided at any time over the two years following the diagnosis of frozen shoulder (adhesive capsulitis) affects terminal outcomes and resolution of function from the disease.,"Frozen Shoulder; Adhesive Capsulitis; Supervision While Exercising; Physical therapy exercises; Physiotherapy; Manual Therapy; Physical Therapy Education; Physical Rehabilitation Therapy Procedure Primary adhesive capsulitis (frozen shoulder) is a diagnosis of exclusion, with an ill-defined ethology, in which there is an insidious onset of shoulder symptoms with a predictable and progressive loss of shoulder motion. We will track for included articles what criteria was used to make this diagnosis, what type of healthcare provider rendered the diagnosis and the type, if any, imaging that was used to screen or confirm its presence. Studies of adults between 18-80 years old with shoulder pain and restriction of active and passive range of motion, especially external rotation and/or specific diagnostic labels of adhesive capsulitis or frozen shoulder. If reported, subjects can be in any stage (freezing, frozen, or thawing) of the disease at inception. The study must report a patient-reported outcome and/or pain value as a measured variable. Physiotherapy; Manual Therapy; Exercise therapy; Patient Education; Electrotherapy; Ultrasound therapy; Dry needling; Graded Exercise Therapy; Thermotherapy; Multi-modality Physical Therapy System The dependent variable will be the frequency and type of interventions delivered by licensed/credentialed physical therapist or physiotherapist. The intent is to evaluate the value of supervised physical therapy visits as compared to independent, self-management strategies that can be provided for the patient without access to a physical therapist or with an alternative healthcare provider. Given adequate frequency of specific treatment strategies such as passive stretching, manual therapy, exercise (strength) training, physical agents, or electrotherapeutic modalities, these interventions will be independently subanalzyed. These patients would have had at least three formal encounters (visits) with a licensed healthcare provider to assist in their recover over a one-year period. PICO tags selected: Usual Care The alternative intervention is characterized as ""watchful waiting"" or ""supervised or benign neglect"". This describes management in which the subject is provided medical advice, pathology education, prognostic information, home remedies, and therapeutic activities and exercises and activities that can be done without the inclusion or oversight of a licensed healthcare provider. These patients will not have interactions (visits) regarding their shoulder injury over the course of two years with a physical therapist.","Onset of shoulder pain and/or stiffness that has a clear history of trauma or joint disease (i.e. rotator cuff tear, fracture, dislocation, arthritis), post-surgical stiffness from surgery in previous six months, neurological, endocrine, metabolic, cardiovascular, or cognitive medical disorders Interventions not provided by a licensed/credentialed physical therapist or physiotherapist will be excluded"
CRD42022320270,"To explore current treatment options for patients with diabetic retinopathy after undergoing cataract surgery. To discuss the efficacy of anti-VEGF drugs, nonsteroidal drugs, and steroids for patients undergoing cataract surgery in patients with pre-existing diabetic retinopathy.","Diabetic retinopathy is currently a major cause of vision threat in diabetic patients and one of the main diseases that cause blindness in diabetic patients. The population of patients with diabetic retinopathy who also have cataracts is a gradually expanding group of patients, of which there are many factors that lead to the progression of diabetic retinopathy, and the impact of cataract surgery should not be underestimated. The inflammatory stimulation brought about by cataract surgery can lead to the progressive invasion of diabetic retinopathy after surgery. Currently, the main therapeutic drugs include anti-VEGF drugs, non-steroidal drugs and steroids, but there is still controversy about the best treatment option.",
CRD420251031657,What is the efficacy and safety of sotatercept compared to standard care or placebo in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension?,Adults with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) Treatment with sotatercept PICO tags selected: Placebo; Usual Care,
CRD42023482414,What are the effects of vitamin D supplementation in women of childbearing age with polycystic ovary and insulin resistance?,"Vitamin D in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Insulin resistance. Women of childbearing age with a diagnosis of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and insulin resistance Effects of vitamin D supplementation in women of childbearing age with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and insulin resistanceInclusion criteria:Clinical trials, observational studies published in English. Studies carried out in women between 20-40 years old.Studies carried out in patients with a diagnosis of PCOS and IR either.Studies containing complete data on vitamin D levels in women of childbearing age.Exclusion criteria:Research in pregnant patients. Studies carried out outside the American continent. Studies with less than 50 participants.Studies in patients with comorbidities that affect vitamin D synthesis. Effects of vitamin D supplementation with placebo.",
CRD420250491639,"Question and strategy: PICOCP: in vivo and clinicalI: Natural productsC: Natural therapy compared to placebo, other treatment or no treatment, given at any dose or concentration, duration, and regimenO: Biological effects of natural products on reduction of DRGE in models experimentalsC: Esophagus","Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a prevalent condition that affects approximately 20% of the western population. Therapeutic alternatives must be considered, since 30% of patients do not respond adequately to the gold standard therapy (Proton Pump Inhibitors). In this sense, herbal medicines have been proposed as a useful alternative, where the field of research of GERD began to look for products of natural origin for the treatment and/or prevention of this condition. Inclusion: individuals diagnosed with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease. Interventions to study Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease at a population level are defined as those applied to a group of people who have some of the classic symptoms of that pathology, such as heartburn, for example, and which affects the majority of overweight people. Changing the lifestyle of these patients appears to be an important factor in making them less prone to reflux disease. These are approaches that depend mainly on the clinical condition of each of the groups studied.Examples include replacing processed foods with fresh foods, using natural products, reducing the consumption of soft drinks, caffeine, improving quality of life with physical exercise and sports. Such approaches could also be part of broader interventions and risk warning compromising the health of those with GERD. Inclusion: individuals with GERD using a natural product",Exclusion: individuals who do not have Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease. Exclusion: individuals without GERD
CRD420251018579,This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to compare Berdazimer Sodium and Cantharidin in terms of their safety profiles and efficacy in treating MC.,1. Study should be randomized placebo controlled trials. 2.Patients of any age diagnosed with Molluscum Contagiosum. 3.No restriction on publication year to capture all relevant studies.  Monitoring For Signs And Symptoms Of Infection The intervention/exposure that is considered to be reviewed: Drugs like Berdazimer sodium and Cantharidin helps in the complete clearance of MC lesions in the patients with Molluscum contagiosum. Inclusion criteria: 1.Drugs including Berdazimer sodium and cantharidin for the treatment of Molluscum contagiosum. PICO tags selected: Cantharidin Placebo as per the study design Inclusion criteria: 1. Study should be randomized placebo controlled trials.,"1. Studies that are not randomized. 2. Studies that uses control/comparison other than placebo 3.Case reports, case series with fewer than 10 patients, narrative reviews, expert opinions, and editorial articles. 4.Animal studies, in vitro studies, and preclinical trials. Exclusion criteria: 1. Drugs like Berdazimer sodium and Cantharidin which are treated for conditions other than Molluscum contagiosum 2. Drugs like Berdazimer sodium and Cantharidin which are treated for symptoms other than complete clearance of MC lesions . other than placebo are excluded Exclusion criteria: 1. Studies that are not randomized. 2. Studies that uses control/comparison other than placebo"
CRD420251021722,1. To explore the effectiveness of parent-mediated interventions for children with ASD in LMICs from parents' perspectives,"Parents or caregivers of children diagnosed with ASD. Patient-mediated intervention; Parenting Education; Caregiver Support; Cognitive Behavioural Therapy Parenting Programme This review will include qualitative studies such as interview studies, focus group discussions, ethnographic research, and other studies using qualitative methodologies to explore parental experiences.","Participation in parent-mediated interventions, defined as structured behavioural, educational, or therapeutic programmes delivered by parents or caregivers with professional guidance. Quantitative studies, mixed-methods studies, reviews, editorials, opinion pieces, and studies not focusing on parent or caregiver experiences will be excluded."
CRD42021234520,Is physiotherapy effective for the improvement of patients with temporomandibular disorders?,Temporomandibular disorders. Physiotherapy.,
CRD42023449782,evaluate the efficacy and safety of yiqifumai injection in the treatment of heart failure complicated by ventricular arrhythmia,"A heterogeneous condition in which the heart is unable to pump out sufficient blood to meet the metabolic need of the body. Heart failure can be caused by structural defects, functional abnormalities (VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION), or a sudden overload beyond its capacity. Chronic heart failure is more common than acute heart failure which results from sudden insult to cardiac function, such as MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.",
CRD42023388875,"By means of systematic review and meta-analysis, this study explored the clinical efficacy of ""invigorating qi and nourishing Yin and promoting blood circulation"" in the intervention of diabetic nephropathy. The intervention measures of the control group were ACEI or ARB drugs, and the observation group was combined with traditional Chinese medicine with invigorating qi and nourishing Yin and promoting blood circulation on the basis of the intervention measures of the control group. We observe whether there are significant differences between the two groups in improving blood glucose index, renal function index, inflammatory factor index, oxidative stress index, lipid index, endothelial function index and renal fibrosis index, so as to speculate the clinical efficacy of ""Qi nourishing Yin and activating blood circulation method"" in the intervention of diabetic nephropathy, and provide a new treatment plan for the clinical treatment of diabetic nephropathy.","In 2021, the prevalence rate of diabetes among people aged 20-79 in the world will be 10.5% (536.6 million people), which is expected to rise to 12.2% in 2045. In recent years, Chinese medicine has achieved excellent results in improving DN symptoms, assisting in stable blood pressure lowering, blood sugar lowering, blood lipid lowering, improving renal function, and preventing disease progression. In recent years, numerous data have proved that the method of supplementing qi, nourishing yin and activating blood circulation has a excellent effect in the treatment of DN with deficiency of both qi and yin and blood stasis. However, due to the different observation outcome indicators, uneven research quality, and small sample size, it is difficult to provide reliable guidance for clinical practice. Therefore, the author collected the clinical trials of the method of supplementing qi, nourishing yin and activating blood circulation to intervene in DN with deficiency of both qi and yin and blood stasis, and conducted systematic evaluation and meta-analysis to provide a reliable evidence-based basis for the clinical application of the method of supplementing qi, nourishing yin and activating blood circulation in DN with deficiency of both qi and yin and blood stasis.",
CRD420250652683,"There is increasing interest in the potential benefits of circuit class training after stroke, but its effectiveness is uncertain.","Stroke is one of the leading causes of impairment and disability in the world. The activity most affected by stroke is walking with as many as 80% of patients initially losing this ability.Stroke rehabilitation improves
walking competency in terms of gait and gait-related activities, although most individuals are still significantly disabled beyond 6 months after stroke.",
CRD42024569830,"Population: Patients suffering from Oral precancerous lesions
Intervention: Phytochemicals used as therapeutic agents in prevention of OPMD
Comparison: Traditional therapy ex., Surgical, multivitamin or other drugs, another group of phytochemicals
Outcome: Clinical, Pathological or molecular changes in lesions",A lesion with a predisposition to malignant transformation is called potentially malignant disorder. Premalignant disorder of oral mucosa are the diseases that have malignant transformation risk at different ratios. Whereas Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma originates from premalignant disorder of the oral cavity.,
CRD42022353739,The aim of this meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese exercise in the treatment of chronic fatigue syndrome to provide a basis for guiding further treatment.,"Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is a group of nonspecific systemic diseases with recurrent fatigue episodes for at least 6 months and accompanied by a variety of physical and mental discomfort symptoms. According to relevant epidemiological statistics, the global prevalence of CFS is 0.4%-2.5%, with a high incidence in young and middle-aged people aged 20 to 40 years. At present, western medicine treatment for CFS mainly includes nutritional support, drug therapy, psychological intervention, etc., but long-term use has side effects and dependence, and little efficacy. Complementary and alternative medicine has significant advantages over western medicine because of its low cost, high efficiency and few side effects. Traditional Chinese exercise (TCE), as a therapeutic, Aerobic, and mind-body exercise originated from traditional Chinese medicine tracing back to approximately three thousand years ago. More and more RCTs have indicated that TCE can significantly improve the symptoms of CFS. However, results of different trials are inconsistent due to the small sample size, short duration time, and the severity of CFS in participants. Therefore, it is appropriate to further investigate the effectiveness of TCE for patients with CFS, aiming to help doctors and other health-care professionals plan stage-specific treatment for patients.",
CRD42022304170,The aim of this network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials is to to estimate and rank the relative efficacy of immunotherapy according to the PD-L1 statute for advanced melanoma.,"Malignant melanoma is the most aggressive type of skin cancer with invasive growth patterns. Traditional methods like surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy are not effective in the treatment of metastatic and advanced melanoma. However, the use of immune checkpoint blockade has revolutionized the treatment of advanced melanoma, with dramatic improvements in cancer-related outcomes since the advent of these agents. Antibodies targeting the PD-1 axis have shown enormous potential in the treatment of metastatic melanoma. Nevertheless, despite the successes of front-line immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy, most patients will eventually progress. The development of predictive biomarkers is needed to optimise patient benefit, minimise risk of toxicities, and guide combination approaches. The greatest focus has been on tumour-cell PD-L1 expression. However, the prognostic value of PD-L1 expression in melanoma is still controversial. Controversial results have been observed regarding the clinical utility of PD-L1 expression for immune therapies in advanced melanoma. The objective of this research is to perform a network meta-analysis (NMA) in previously untreated melanoma patients and estimate the relative efficacy of immune therapies based on PD-L1 expression status for this patient population at the therapeutic level.",
CRD420251003838,"What are the specific neural correlates of hypnotic analgesia? Do the neural correlates of hypnotic analgesia vary in different conditions, e.g., in experimental versus clinical or acute versus chronic applications?","People participating in hypnotic analgesia studies. Eligibility criteria: Studies including hypnotic pain modulation interventions meeting the following criteria: 1. The intervention used in the study is labelled by the authors as ""hypnosis"" (or ""hypnotic treatment"", ""hypnotherapy"", etc.) AND is veritably acceptable as a bona-fide hypnotic procedure; 2. Hypnotic reduction of pain (hypnoanalgesia) OR hypnotically induced, enhanced, or modified pain is present in the study; 3. There is a neuroimaging procedure utilized (PET, fMRI, MEG, etc.) 4. In the event that the study is a clinical intervention, it is imperative that it utilize no more than one form of treatment in order to measure the individual effects of specified interventions. Brain activation patterns will be compared to the baseline utilized in each study. With the pain neuromatrix being an inherent component of hypnoanalgesia, region-specific activation in the brain related to hypnosis and pain are assumed to merge, as the two phenomena act in tandem. This necessitates that in the control condition a non-hypnotic pain modulation procedure be used in order to account for the pain-relieving properties of hypnotic analgesia. We will only include studies which applied such controls; studies exclusively utilizing wakeful rest and kindred controls will not be included in our meta-analysis. Experimental studies will be included.",All single-subject studies and case series will be excluded.
CRD42023455712,The primary aim of this meta-analysis is to investigate the therapeutic effects of iCBT compared to non-active controls on binge spectrum disorders,"Binge spectrum disorders include mental disorders primarily characterized by recurrent episodes of binge eating, specifically referring to, bulimia nervosa (BN) and binge eating disorder (BED).Binge spectrum disorders exert a notable influence on a significant portion of the population. According to a recent systematic review, the lifetime prevalence rates are reported as 0.63% for BN and 1.53% for BED. Furthermore, research has highlighted a remarkable increase in the worldwide occurrence of eating disorders during the previous decade. Considering the profound effects of the global COVID-19 pandemic, these figures might be even higher than expected.Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) stands out as the most effective treatment method for treating binge spectrum disorder.Nevertheless, obstacles such as elevated treatment expenses and extended therapy durations impede patients' access to standardized treatment.Internet-based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (iCBT) emerges as a method that applies CBT principles while simultaneously providing patients with access to structured treatment plans from the convenience of their own homes.Currently, some studies have applied iCBT to binge spectrum disorders to observe its therapeutic efficacy. However, due to differences in research designs and sample sizes among studies, there remains a scarcity of precise and consistent conclusions.",
CRD420250641380,"What is the role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of endometriosis, and how can EV-derived biomarkers and engineered EVs be harnessed for non-invasive diagnosis and targeted therapeutic interventions in this disease?","Endometriosis is a chronic, inflammatory gynecological disorder in which endometrial tissue, which normally lines the uterus, grows outside the uterine cavity. This ectopic tissue can implant on various organs within the pelvic cavity, including the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and the tissue lining the pelvis. In rare cases, endometrial tissue may also be found beyond the pelvic region.The primary symptom of endometriosis is pelvic pain, which can manifest as severe menstrual cramps, chronic lower back and abdominal pain, or pain during sexual intercourse. Other symptoms include heavy menstrual bleeding, irregular periods, fatigue, and infertility.Endometriosis affects approximately 10% of reproductive-aged women and can significantly impact their quality of life. Despite its prevalence, the exact cause of endometriosis remains unknown, and current treatment options are limited to managing symptoms and improving fertility outcomes. As a result, understanding the complex pathophysiology of endometriosis and exploring novel therapeutic approaches remain crucial areas of research in women's healthcare. Studies involving animal models related to endometriosis.Studies providing sufficient data on extracellular vesicles (EVs) and their involvement in endometriosis.Species:Primarily animal models (n=10) were included, which can provide valuable insights into the pathophysiology of endometriosis and inform future research.Details of disease model:The focus of the selected studies was on the role of EVs in endometriosis, exploring their involvement in the pathogenesis (n=39), potential as biomarkers (n=37), and therapeutic strategies (n=31). These studies help to deepen our understanding of the complex mechanisms underlying endometriosis and the potential utility of EVs in diagnostics and targeted therapies. The reviewed studies focused on the roles and applications of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in endometriosis. The interventions and exposures explored in these studies revolved around the involvement of EVs in endometriosis pathogenesis, their potential as diagnostic biomarkers, and their utility in therapeutic strategies.Inclusion criteria:Studies investigating the role of EVs in the pathogenesis of endometriosis.Studies examining the potential of EVs or their cargo (e.g., miRNAs, proteins) as diagnostic biomarkers for endometriosis.Studies exploring the therapeutic applications of EVs, engineered EVs, or their cargo in endometriosis treatment.Nature of interventions/exposures:Studies examining the pathogenesis of endometriosis focused on the involvement of EVs in immune modulation, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), angiogenesis, and fertility impairment.Studies investigating diagnostic biomarkers analyzed EV-derived molecules, such as miRNAs and proteins, which could serve as non-invasive markers for endometriosis diagnosis and disease monitoring.Studies exploring therapeutic strategies investigated the potential of engineered EVs or their cargo in targeting disease-specific pathways in endometriosis, paving the way for novel targeted therapies.","Studies lacking adequate information or data on EVs in endometriosis.Duplicate publications (if duplicates were found, only the most recent or comprehensive version was included). Exclusion criteria:Studies that do not focus on EVs, their cargo, or their role in endometriosis.Duplicate publications (if duplicates were found, only the most recent or comprehensive version was included). Exclusion criteria:Studies without appropriate control groups or comparisons.Duplicate publications (if duplicates were found, only the most recent or comprehensive version was included)."
CRD420250655998,To explore the correlation between the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma undergoing transarterial embolization chemotherapy and the levels of inflammatory factors such as plr and nlr that are either high or low,Study patients were diagnosed with localized Hepatocellular carcinoma patients diagnosed with localized Hepatocellular carcinoma transarterial embolization chemotherapy (Monotherapy or Combined therapy) Experimental group: High expression of inflammatory factors; Control group: Low expression of inflammatory factors.,
CRD420250643232,"Do socio-demographic, psychological, lifestyle, clinical or biological factors predict the treatment response in adult patients with treatment-resistant depression?","Treatment-resistant depression is a variably defined term in psychiatric care and research for non-response of a major depressive episode to antidepressant treatment. A consensus definition does currently not exist. • Patients with uni- or bipolar major depressive episode according to ICD-10 or DSM-4/ DSM-5 characterized as treatment-resistant• Age ≥ 18 years Predictors for response to any antidepressant treatment in treatment-resistant depression including socio-demographic, clinical, psychological, life-style or biological factors are the focus of this review. Any intervention to reduce depressive symptoms will be included. Not applicable","• Diagnosis of schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, postnatal depression, mental retardation • Age ≤ 18 years"
CRD42024567969,"What psychological interventions have been shown to enhance moral reasoning?
What are the English language-based interventions most effective for enhancing moral reasoning?
What are the key intersections between psychological and English language-based interventions that foster moral reasoning in individuals?","This systematic review focuses on the intersection of moral reasoning and English language skills in educational contexts. Moral reasoning, which involves the ability to discern right from wrong and make ethical decisions, is a crucial aspect of adolescent development. English language skills, encompassing reading, writing, speaking, and listening, are fundamental for academic success and effective communication. The review explores how English language instruction addresses and develops moral reasoning. It examines the psychological, moral and English language strategies used to empower moral reasoning, the impact of these approaches on students' moral and linguistic development, and the role of cultural and contextual factors in shaping these outcomes. This review seeks insights into effective practices by synthesizing the available evidence.",
CRD420250645001,"What is the efficacy, safety, and metabolic impact of Imeglimin in adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) compared to standard glucose-lowering therapies?","Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and the therapeutic role of Imeglimin in glycemic control, insulin resistance, weight management, and cardiovascular risk factors. Participants:Adults (≥18 years) diagnosed with T2DM.No restrictions on gender, ethnicity, or disease duration. Imeglimin, as monotherapy or in combination with other antidiabetic agents. Placebo or standard glucose-lowering therapies (e.g., metformin, sulfonylureas, GLP-1 receptor agonists, SGLT-2 inhibitors, insulin).",
CRD42023390367,"Pregnancy-related hyperemesis gravidarum is characterized by extreme nausea and vomiting. It may result in consequences like malnutrition and dehydration. There is some evidence that suggests gut dysbiosis, or an imbalance of gut bacteria, may have a role in the emergence of hyperemesis gravidarum. More research is required to ascertain the particular nature of the association between gut dysbiosis and this illness, as it is not yet fully known. Therefore, this systemic review will attempt to assess the state of the literature on the relationship between Hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) and changes that occurs in gut microbiota of mothers and assess if there’s any impact and association with any kind of complications during antenatal and postpartum pregnancy.","Hyperemesis gravidarum is a severe form of nausea and vomiting that can occur during pregnancy. It can lead to weight loss, dehydration, and other complications. Some research suggests that the gut microbiome may play a role in the development of hyperemesis gravidarum.
One study found that women with hyperemesis gravidarum had a different composition of bacteria in their gut microbiome compared to healthy pregnant women. Specifically, the bacteria in the gut microbiome of women with hyperemesis gravidarum were less diverse and had a higher proportion of Proteobacteria. This is an interesting finding, but more research is needed to understand the exact relationship between the gut microbiome and hyperemesis gravidarum",
CRD42023444363,"What are the characteristics of AI applications on real-world data (RWD) for uncontrolled and single-arm trials with external comparators or benchmarks for all indications, published in the period from 2010-2021?",Real-world data. Artificial Intelligence. Drug approval lifecycle. Uncontrolled trials.,
CRD42022334431,"What are the Managerial Barriers and Facilitators to Horticultural Therapy for the Wellbeing of People with Dementia in Care Settings?
P: people with dementia
I: effective management of horticultural therapy in care settings
C: non-effective management of horticultural therapy in care settings
O: improved wellbeing
S: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","The World Health Organisation (WHO) has designated dementia as a public health priority in 2012 (WHO, 2012). Behavioural and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia (BPSD) and the side effects of their pharmacological treatment are the main reason for hospital admissions of People with Dementia (PWD) (Kales et al., 2012). Therapeutic gardens and Horticultural Therapy (HT), a safe and nonpharmacological treatment, have been proven to enhance the wellbeing of PWD and effectively treat BPSD (Murroni et al., 2021; Ng et al., 2021). Care organisations in the UK have been leading in establishing these projects. However, the managerial side, procedural and contextual factors of the transdisciplinary therapy seem to be an obstacle and demands further research (Jarrott and Gigliotti, 2010). Successful and sustainable projects consist of a combination of horticultural knowledge with experience in BPSD, non-pharmacological therapeutic approach and social care (Dementia Adventure K Pyke 2021, personal communication, 8 December).",
CRD42024545665,"Concussion, a form of mild Traumatic Brain Injury, impacts individuals globally and can have a significant effect on cognition and quality of life years after the initial concussion occurred. Cognitive assessment and rehabilitation has proven to be effective in analyzing the changes and supporting improvements in cognition for concussed individuals. Given the rise in the use of technology in health care, exploring the role of technology for cognitive assessments and rehabilitation is a logical next step.
The aim of this review is to analyze the currently available literature on the use of technology for the cognitive assessment and rehabilitation of individuals who have sustained a concussion. The review will report on (1) the areas of cognitive function (e.g., memory, attention etc.) studied, (2) the populations studied (athletes or the general concussion) (3) the effectiveness of the technology (therapeutic impact or quality of assessment) and (4) whether end-users were involved in the design of the intervention. In doing so, the review can also provide a clear understanding of the current gaps in literature and provide suggestions for future studies.","The review will focus on individuals who have sustained a concussion (mild form of Traumatic Brain Injury), where technology has been used for cognitive assessments and/or rehabilitation.",
CRD420251011135,this study systematically evaluates the effects of aerobic exercise on the functional physical fitness rehabilitation of cardiovascular disease patients.,"Patients diagnosed with cardiovascular disease clinically, in accordance with WHO standards. The interventions in the observation group included one or more forms of aerobic exercise. Aerobic exercise refers to endurance training primarily relying on aerobic metabolism during physical activity. Specific interventions included, but were not limited to, walking, jogging, joint exercises, and Tai Chi. PICO tags selected: Usual Care; Aerobic Exercise RCT.",The control group received conventional rehabilitation or routine education measures.
CRD42020218818,"With the launch of targeted drugs, more and more patients receive a single targeted drug or a combination of targeted drugs treatment. Unfortunately, there was no head-to-head comparison among the targeted drugs to indicate their differences in efficacy and safety, which is still a problem whether is the best choice for patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. Currently, a amount of clinical trials and meta analysis have provided valuable experience and suggestions for the selection of targeted drugs. However, it’s the variety of targeted drugs and the inconsistent quality of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that makes the treatment choice of targeted drugs more complex. Therefore, our aim is to conduct a more comprehensive meta analysis, select high-quality randomized controlled trials(RCTs), take multiple intervention measures and extract more outcome indicators to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy and safety of targeted drugs, so as to solve the existing contradictions and provide more convincing evidence for clinical practice of pulmonary hypertension.","Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is classified as a group 1 pulmonary hypertension (PH) and is defined by mean pulmonary artery pressure ≥25 mmHg, pulmonary artery wedge pressure ≤15 mmHg and pulmonary vascular resistance >3 Wood units, in the absence of other causes of precapillary PH (such as lung disease, chronic thromboembolic disease and other rare diseases). For a definitive diagnosis of PAH, a hemodynamic assessment by right heart catheterization is required.Epidemiological survey in the West showed that about 15 people per million suffered from PAH. Most of them had fatigue, dyspnea, angina pectoris, hemoptysis, or even right heart failure.",
CRD42021240950,"What are the characteristics of and recommendations on the use of real-world data (RWD) for regulatory decision making based on uncontrolled and single-arm trials with external comparators or benchmarks submitted to the European Medicine Agency (EMA) and/or Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for all indications from 2015-2021?
What are the characteristics of and recommendations on the use of RWD based on uncontrolled and single-arm trials with external comparators submitted to selected European Health Technology Assessment (HTA) bodies for all indications from 2015-2021?",Real-world data. Drug approval methods. Regulatory review. Uncontrolled trials.,
CRD42023483921,"Chinese herbal injections (CHIs) have demonstrated notable therapeutic advantages in treating severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Nevertheless, the selection among various types of CHIs and determining which offers the most effective outcomes remains a subject of ongoing debate.","Acute pancreatitis (AP) denotes an aberration in the activation of pancreatic enzymes, inducing digestive effects on the pancreas and adjacent organs, culminating in a condition characterized by acute local inflammation within the pancreas and histological destruction of acinar cells. While 80% of AP patients manifest solely local inflammatory lesions, displaying relatively mild symptoms necessitating short-term treatment for recovery, approximately 15-20% progress from these local lesions to systemic multi-organ dysfunction, denoted as moderate or severe AP (MSAP/SAP). This group of patients is responsible for 20-40% of AP-related mortality.",
CRD420251012150,"This study aims to evaluate the prognostic value of serum albumin levels and related nutritional index in predicting post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) among stroke survivors (Population), compared to non-PSCI.",Patients with post-stroke cognitive impairment who received a serum albumin-related nutritional index test versus patients with post-stroke noncognitive impairment who received a serum albumin-related nutritional index test will be included. Albumin; Nutritional Assessment,
CRD420250656262,"1st question: Shockwave therapy more effective than ultrasound therapy in improving pain, function, and overall treatment outcomes in adults with chronic lateral epicondylitis?
2nd question: Does combining shockwave or ultrasound therapy with conventional treatment enhance outcomes compared to their standalone use?","This review focuses on chronic lateral epicondylitis, commonly known as tennis elbow, a condition that causes persistent pain and reduced function due to overuse of the forearm extensor tendons. It is a frequent issue among adults, particularly those engaged in repetitive arm movements, whether through work, sports, or daily activities. The study aims to compare the effectiveness of shockwave therapy and ultrasound therapy in managing this condition, examining their impact both when used alone and in combination with conventional treatments. By analyzing available evidence, this review seeks to provide insights into the best therapeutic approach for improving pain relief and functional recovery in affected individuals.",
CRD420251002231,Determining the association between HLA polymorphisms and hepatitis B infection outcomes,"The general population of Iran Hepatitis B Virus; Hepatitis C Virus Studies that provide clear data on HLA gene polymorphisms and their association with the outcomes of hepatitis B and C viral infections. Reports will be considered eligible for inclusion in the study if they meet the following criteria: Observational studies, including cross-sectional, cohort, and case-control studies, that provide clear data on HLA gene polymorphisms and their association with the outcomes of hepatitis B and C viral infections. Studies conducted on the Iranian population published in English or Persian between 2000 and 2025.","Studies that do not provide clear data on the association between HLA polymorphisms and hepatitis B and C will be excluded from the study.   Studies that do not provide clear data or have low scores in quality assessment will be excluded from the study. Review studies, meta-analyses, case reports, and letters to the editor are also excluded."
CRD420251004804,"we aimed to report an additional case of pSFT and achieve the first comprehensive systematic review of published pSFT cases, and to integrat the end-to-end management of pSFT from preoperative diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up.","Included: primary solitary fibrous tumor of prostate; Surgical pathology confirmed; Published literature in English. The search terms were ""solitary fibrous tumor"" AND ""prostate"" ORThe inclusion criteria were pathologically confirmed primary solitary fibrous tumor of the prostate from published English literature. ""prostatic"" AND ""mesenchymal tumor or cancer"". And a secondary search through references was also performed.",Exclusion: duplicate publications; The pathology is not clear; Review or conference abstracts. Exclusion: duplicate publications; The pathology is not clear; Review or conference abstracts.
CRD42025647829,"What mechanisms underlie Escherichia coli's resistance to tigecycline, carbapenem, and colistin? Which molecular pathways or novel pharmacological targets may be investigated to combat multidrug-resistant E. coli?","Multi-antibiotic Resistance; Drug Resistance; Biological agent; Escherichia infection The rise of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Escherichia coli strains, particularly those resistant to last-resort antibiotics like carbapenems, colistin, and tigecycline, poses a critical global health threat. Resistance is driven by complex interactions between chromosomal mutations, mobile genetic elements, and adaptive mechanisms like biofilm formation. This review addresses the urgent need to map resistance pathways and identify exploitable vulnerabilities (novel drug targets) to guide next-generation antimicrobial development. The population of interest includes Escherichia coli (E. coli) strains that exhibit resistance to carbapenems, colistin, and/or tigecycline. Genetic modifications, Phenotypic profiling, Changes in intracellular biochemical pathways during antibiotic resistance. 1.Susceptible parental strains or mutants with resistance genes knocked out.2.Non-resistant clinical isolates: Matched by source (e.g., UTI, bloodstream) to contextualize resistance prevalence.",
CRD42023465179,"P: Patients with bone metastasis
I：177Lu-labeled bisphosphonate
O: Bone pain palliation
S: prospective or retrospective study","Bone metastases are considered a major cause of morbidity and mortality in many cancer, deteriorating quality of life in patients with bone metastasis. Alleviating the bone pain is considered an key measure to improve the patients' quality of life. Radioradionuclide therapy shows variable degrees of success for bone pain palliation. Among them, 177Lu-labeled bisphosphonate may be a effective measure. The aim of this review is to analysis the effectiveness of 177Lu-labeled bisphosphonate for bone pain alleviation and its safety.",
CRD420251026714,Review Objective,"Inclusion Criteria: Patients of any age undergoing endovascular neurointerventions, including but not limited to:  Mechanical thrombectomy  Endovascular coiling  Stent-assisted coiling  Flow diverter placement  Embolization for arteriovenous malformations or fistulas  Carotid or vertebral artery stenting  Studies involving procedures performed for both elective and emergency neurovascular conditions (e.g., ischemic stroke, aneurysm, AVM)   Antibiotic Prophylaxis; Mechanical thrombolysis ; Endovascular coil embolization This review will include studies evaluating the use of systemic prophylactic antibiotics administered to prevent infections in the context of endovascular neurointerventions. The intervention must meet the following criteria: Purpose: Antibiotics must be given prophylactically, i.e., to prevent infection rather than to treat an existing one.  Timing: Antibiotics may be administered pre-procedure, intra-procedure, or post-procedure, as long as they are explicitly intended for infection prevention related to the endovascular procedure.  Route of Administration: Systemic routes only—intravenous (IV), oral, or intra-arterial.  Procedures Covered: The antibiotic prophylaxis must be related to an endovascular neurointervention, including but not limited to:  Mechanical thrombectomy  Intracranial aneurysm coiling (with or without stent assistance)  Flow diverter placement  Arteriovenous malformation (AVM) or dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) embolization  Intracranial stenting  Comparison groups may include:  No antibiotics  Placebo  Alternative prophylactic antibiotic regimens  Studies involving single antibiotic regimens or comparisons of different drugs/durations/dosing protocols will be included, provided they meet the prophylactic intent criteria. PICO tags selected: Placebo; Usual Care Studies will be included if they compare prophylactic antibiotic use to one or more of the following comparator conditions: No prophylactic antibiotics: Patients undergoing endovascular neurointerventions without receiving any form of prophylactic antibiotic therapy.  Placebo: Use of a placebo administered in place of antibiotics, where applicable.  Usual care: Standard procedural protocols that do not include prophylactic antibiotic administration or where prophylaxis is selectively applied based on institutional policy.  Alternative antibiotic regimens: Studies comparing different prophylactic antibiotic agents, doses, durations, or timing (e.g., single-dose vs. multi-dose; pre-procedural vs. peri-procedural).  Timing variations: Studies that assess the impact of delayed or differently timed prophylactic antibiotic administration compared to early or standard timing.  Comparators must relate to the same types of endovascular neurointerventions (e.g., thrombectomy, coiling, flow diversion) to ensure comparability of procedural context. Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) Non-randomized controlled trials  Prospective cohort studies  Retrospective cohort studies  Case-control studies  Comparative observational studies","Exclusion Criteria: Patients undergoing non-endovascular neurosurgical procedures (e.g., open craniotomy)  Interventions outside the neurovascular system (e.g., peripheral vascular or cardiac catheterizations)  Studies focusing solely on antibiotic treatment (rather than prophylaxis) or unrelated to neurointervention  Animal studies The following interventions or exposures will be excluded from this review: Therapeutic use of antibiotics: Studies in which antibiotics are used solely for the treatment of active infections (e.g., meningitis, sepsis) rather than for prophylaxis.  Non-systemic infection control methods: Use of topical antiseptics, local antibiotic application, or device coatings without systemic antibiotic administration.  Non-endovascular procedures: Prophylactic antibiotic use in open neurosurgical procedures (e.g., craniotomy) or non-neurovascular interventions (e.g., cardiac catheterizations, peripheral vascular procedures).  Prophylaxis unrelated to the neurointervention: Antibiotic prophylaxis for conditions unrelated to the endovascular neuroprocedure, such as dental prophylaxis or unrelated systemic infections.  Unclear or unspecified antibiotic purpose: Studies that do not clearly state whether antibiotics were used for prophylaxis versus treatment. The following comparators will be excluded from this review: Comparators involving open neurosurgical procedures (e.g., craniotomy) or non-neurovascular interventions (e.g., cardiac or peripheral vascular procedures).  Comparators unrelated to antibiotic use, such as comparisons of surgical techniques, anesthesia methods, or device types without any relation to prophylactic antibiotic administration.  Comparators involving therapeutic antibiotic use only, where antibiotics are administered solely for treating active infections rather than for prevention.  Studies lacking a defined comparator group, such as single-arm studies or those without a control or comparison intervention.  Unclear comparator protocols, where the comparator arm does not clearly define the absence, type, timing, or purpose of antibiotic use. Case reports, case series, and conference abstracts without full data Narrative reviews, editorials, commentaries, and letters to the editor  Animal studies  Non-comparative studies"
CRD42022366294,"The aim of this meta-analysis is to compare the use effect of single layer or double Dartos Flap Layer in TIPU, through the complication rate, the cosmetic results and parents satisfaction and so on. Furthermore, we hope to provide a precise therapeutic option for children suffering hypospadia.","Hypospadias is a common congenital malformation referring to malpositioning of the external urethral meatus because of fusion failure of the urethral folds and foreskin on the ventral penis. The meatus may present with various degrees of malpositioning, insufficient development of the penile ventral tissue, ventral penile curvature (chordee), ventral urethral opening, and excess dorsal preputial skin as anatomical manifestations. The incidence is one in 300 live male births worldwide.
Surgery is the only curative treatment for hypospadias. The most widely used hypospadias repair is tubularized incised plate urethroplasty (TIPU), first introduced by Snodgrass in 1999. However, urethrocutaneous fistulas represent the most frequent complication. In an effort to reduce fistula formation and other complications, many strategies have been proposed. In 2005, Kamal published a double dartos flap(DDF) to protect the neourethra, affirming that DDF provides more protection against fistula development rather than a single flap. Since this date, other authors have reported their experience in covering the neourethra with a double layer of dartos tissue in TIP urethroplasty, with very similar techniques and excellent.
In order to statistically elucidate the efficacy of double dartos flap layer in tubularized incised plate urethroplasty, a meta-analysis of more RCT studies is needed.",
CRD42023447726,What is the role of 2D facial photography in the prediction and evaluation of paitients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)?,"Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is a prevalent sleep breathing disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of upper airway obstruction during sleep, resulting in disrupted breathing patterns and reduced oxygen intake. Recent research has shown a significant correlation between OSA and craniofacial morphology, highlighting the importance of evaluating facial structures in understanding the etiology and severity of the condition. Craniofacial morphology evaluation involves the examination of various anatomical features, such as jaw position, facial soft tissue dimensions, and upper airway dimensions, as they can influence the propensity for airway collapse during sleep. Traditionally, cephalometry has been the gold standard for assessing craniofacial morphology. However, advancements in imaging technology have brought forth the use of 2D facial photography as a non-invasive alternative. 2D photography can offer several advantages over cephalometry, including reduced radiation exposure, increased cost-effectiveness, and easier accessibility, making it an attractive option for routine clinical evaluations and large-scale research studies. Therefore, our aim is to perform a systematic review examining the efficacy and current use of 2D photography techniques in OSA craniofacial morphology.",
CRD42021290659,"Mitragyna speciosa, commonly referred to as kratom, is a tree indigenous to Southeast Asia. Kratom leaves contain psychoactive and potentially therapeutic alkaloids such as mitragynine, which is increasingly studied due to its ability to bind opioid, serotonin, dopamine, and adrenergic receptors to produce a wide range of effects.^1 Kratom has been used for decades in Southeast Asia for medicinal, cultural, and recreational purposes but is considered a novel substance elsewhere.^2 In the United States and Europe, kratom use is becoming more prevalent,^3;4 and people have reported using kratom to relieve chronic pain, self-treat withdrawal symptoms, manage mental health disorders, and reduce alcohol or other drug use.^5;6
The increasing prevalence of kratom use in the United States and Europe and its frequent comorbidities^7;8;9 suggest that clinicians are likely to encounter kratom users and should be familiar with its clinical presentations. The available literature is limited mostly to case reports with highly divergent descriptions of patient characteristics and clinical courses.^10;11;12
Accordingly, this systematic review will address the following questions:
What clinically relevant information do clinicians document on patients who report kratom use?
How do clinicians assess patients who report or present with kratom use, physical dependence (e.g., withdrawal, or use to avoid withdrawal), or kratom use disorder (KUD)?
What interventions have been made available to patients with kratom-related morbidities? What were the outcomes?
Finally, are there any differences in case reports from Southeast Asia compared to case reports from other regions (particularly the United States and Europe)?","This systematic review will examine all kratom-related clinical presentations of patients who are documented in published case reports as having used kratom at any point. Particular attention will be given to case reports for which kratom exposure or use is the most salient clinical feature (e.g., the target of assessment, diagnosis, or treatment) either by virtue of the kratom use itself (e.g., kratom physical dependence or KUD) or by virtue of kratom-related morbidities.
Our focus will be on the clinically relevant information reported by the healthcare provider. We are particularly interested in: patient characteristics; acute presenting characteristics; assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of the patient; and the criteria that clinicians use to diagnose a kratom-related morbidity (including kratom withdrawal or KUD).",
CRD420251012912,"Therefore, this study aims to compare the magnitude of placebo effects between non-invasive placebo acupuncture and superficial needling in the treatment of adult insomnia through a Bayesian network meta-analysis. By including relevant randomized controlled trials, this study will systematically evaluate the effects of these two placebo acupuncture methods on subjective sleep quality and objective sleep parameters in patients with insomnia. The findings will provide scientific evidence for the design of future acupuncture research.","Adults diagnosed with insomnia disorder based on standardized diagnostic criteria, including the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) versions III, III-R, IV, IV-TR, and V; the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10; the International Classification of Sleep Disorders (ICSD) versions 1, 2, and 3; the Chinese Classification of Mental Disorders (CCMD) versions 2R and 3; or other recognized criteria. The included interventions are limited to manual acupuncture and electroacupuncture. PICO tags selected: Sham Acupuncture; Usual Care; Waiting list control Sham Acupuncture includes non-invasive sham acupuncture and superficial acupuncture.","Participants diagnosed with secondary insomnia, defined as insomnia resulting from psychiatric or physical comorbidities or caused by substances such as medications or alcohol. Examples include insomnia induced by conditions such as major depressive disorder, anxiety disorders, obstructive sleep apnea, and restless legs syndrome. Massage, moxibustion, ear acupoint plastering, and other similar interventions were excluded."
CRD42023478105,3D Printed Brackets in Orthodontic Treatment.,Study patiens were use orthodontic treatment of brackets.,
CRD420250620748,Comparison of the efficacy and safety of targeted biologic and synthetic therapies for active psoriatic arthritis.,"Psoriatic Arthritis; Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drug; Biological Treatment; Targeted Therapy Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a chronic inflammatory disease with a variety of manifestations in joints, skin and other tissues. First-line treatment includes non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, local corticosteroid injections for musculoskeletal symptoms and topical therapies for psoriasis. For patients who do not respond adequately to first-line treatments, systemic therapy with conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (csDMARD), treatment with anti-tumour necrosis factor alpha (iTNF) inhibitors and other biologic (bDMARD) and synthetic targeted therapies (stDMARD) is recommended. Despite the variety of available therapies and advances in the treatment of AP, effective therapeutic options are needed for patients who have experienced inadequate responses or intolerance to current therapies. Translated with DeepL.com (free version) Adult patients diagnosed with active psoriatic arthritis according to CASPAR criteria, with inadequate response or intolerance to conventional first-line treatments. Adalimumab; Infliximab; Etanercept; Golimumab; Certolizumab Pegol; Ustekinumab; Remtolumab (ABT122) ; Secukinumab; Ixekizumab; Brodalumab; Bimekizumab; Guselkumab; Risankizumab ; Tildrakizumab; Abatacept; Apremilast; Tofacitinib; Upadacitinib; Filgotinib; Brepocitinib Deucravacitinib PICO tags selected: Placebo; Adalimumab; Infliximab; Etanercept; Golimumab; Certolizumab Pegol; Ustekinumab; Remtolumab (ABT122) ; Secukinumab; Ixekizumab; Brodalumab; Bimekizumab; Guselkumab; Risankizumab ; Tildrakizumab; Abatacept; Apremilast; Tofacitinib; Upadacitinib; Filgotinib; Brepocitinib Deucravacitinib",Patients under 18 years of age.
CRD42024538904,To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).,"Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a rapidly evolving non-invasive brain stimulation technique (NIBS) that has been widely used in adults with proven efficacy. Its application in pediatric neurodevelopmental disorders is increasingly expanding. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is the most common neurodevelopmental disorder, significantly affecting patient's academic, social, and daily functioning. tDCS holds promise in ameliorating core symptoms and executive function deficits in ADHD patients, potentially inducing long-term effects through neuroplasticity modulation, garnering considerable attention. There are currently some studies exploring the therapeutic effect of tDCS on ADHD, but due to limitations in sample size, the current results are controversial. This study systematically retrieved and conducted a systematic review of randomized controlled studies on tDCS in the treatment of ADHD at home and abroad.",
CRD42024507041,"1) What specific types of adaptations have been made to substance use interventions for LGBTQ+ individuals?
2) For whom within the LGBTQ+ community have adaptations been created?
3) What is the efficacy of adapted substance use interventions for LGBTQ+ individuals?
1. Catalogue the types of adaptations made to substance use interventions for LGBTQ+ adults according to the Cultural Treatment Adaptation Framework (CTAF; Chu and Leino, 2017).

2. Describe the age, gender identity, sexual orientation, and racial makeup of study samples to assess the specific subgroups of the LGBTQ+ community that are currently included within available research on LGBTQ+ adapted substance use interventions.
3. Appraise the efficacy of the adapted interventions by summarizing substance use symptom change across studies and delineating symptom change based on adaptation type from the CTAF.
4. Identify remaining gaps in the literature to be addressed in future research to create a comprehensive research agenda on culturally adapted substance use interventions among LGBTQ+ adults.",Substance use of any type,
CRD42024538961,"Context: Managing metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) presents significant challenges.
Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the efficacy and safety of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted radioligand therapy (PRLT) utilising lutetium-177 (177Lu) and actinium-225 (225Ac).","Prostate cancer (PCa) stands as the leading type of cancer among men in 112 countries and ranks as the second most diagnosed cancer in males globally, with an estimated 1.4 million new cases and 375, 000 deaths reported annually [1]. In the United States, it is the most prevalent cancer among men, representing 29% of all new cancer cases and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths [2]. Similarly, in the United Kingdom, PCa is identified as the most common cancer in men, accounting for 24.3% of all cancer diagnoses in 2020",
CRD42023438350,Does omega-3 fatty acid supplementation demonstrate clinical efficacy as a treatment in patients with psychotic disorders?,Schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders as well as individuals with first-episode psychosis and at ultra-high-risk for psychosis.,
CRD42024563996,"Looking at repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and spinal cord stimulation, which technique is more effective in the treatment of motor dysfunction in the Parkinson's Disease patient population?","Parkinson's disease (PD) is a condition where patients experience significant impairments in movement due to the progressive loss of dopamine-producing neurons. Approximately 70-90% of Parkinson's patients suffer from motor dysfunction, characterized by symptoms such as tremors, rigidity, bradykinesia, and postural instability, which severely impact their quality of life. It affects a substantial portion of the aging population, with incidence rates increasing with age. Effective management of motor dysfunction in Parkinson's patients requires a multifaceted approach, including pharmacological treatments, surgical interventions, physical therapy, and lifestyle modifications, making it a complex and challenging condition to manage.",
CRD42018098953,"Primary review question: What is the effect of cortisol on:
a. Cognition in animal models for Alzheimer’s disease
b. Mood in animal models for psychiatric conditions
c. Glycosylated haemoglobin and fasting glucose in animal models for diabetes
d. Weight gain in animal models for obesity

Secondary review question: 
What is the effect of 11β-HSD1 inhibitors on cortisol in animal models for:
a. Alzheimer’s disease
b. Psychiatric conditions
c. Diabetes
d. Obesity","We are interested in understanding hypercortisolism as implicated in the following disease areas : •Alzheimer's disease • Psychiatric diagnosis (anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, schizophrenia and bipolar) • Obesity • Diabetes All animal models (all species, all sexes) with one of the following diseases: Alzheimer’s disease, psychiatric condition (anxiety or depression or psychosis or post-traumatic stress disorder), obesity, diabetes. Primary review question- cortisol 
Secondary review question- Treatment with 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 inhibitors. All timings, frequencies and dosages of treatment are eligible for inclusion Vehicle-treated animals, sham-treated animals, animals undergoing no treatment at all","Ex vivo, in vitro and in silico models. Animal models of co-morbidities. Human studies (covered under a separate protocol) Concomitant treatment with other compounds alongside a 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 inhibitor. Healthy, naive animal"
CRD42018098982,How are educational strategies and scenarios described in promoting and improving self-care and adherence to treatment in patients with heart failure?,"Heart failure (HF) is the common final pathway of most heart disease, being one of the most important chronic clinical challenges in the health field (Freitas and Pushel, 2013). It presents clinical signs and symptoms characterized by the fatigue / dyspnea / edema triad, which affect the physical capacity to perform activities of daily living, as well as work, social and cognitive impairment, finally translating into a decline in quality of life.

More current data indicates that 6.5 million people in Europe, 5 million people in the United States and 2.4 million people in Japan suffer from (HF) and annually, 1 million new cases are diagnosed worldwide (Boisvert et al, 2015). The estimated prevalence is that this syndrome affects 26 million people worldwide, with a risk of developing the disease after age 45 at the ratio of 1: 5, that is, individuals of productive age. This entails an increase in the costs of the social security system and recurrent hospitalizations increase the expenses of health systems.
Among many factors that contribute to an episode of decompensation of HF and recurrent hospitalizations, is the lack of adherence to the prescribed therapeutic regimen, which includes the pharmacological and non - pharmacological part, that is, the change of lifestyle. The main goal for effective control of HF is for the patient to adhere to its treatment proposal, however, one of the main reasons for failure to achieve this goal is the low or deficient capacity of individuals to exercise their self-care (Qavam et al, 2017).
Heart failure patients have the capacity for self-care and adherence impaired by cognitive limitation, depressive symptoms, consequence of the poor quality of life of these patients, presence of multicomorbidities and poor confidence or low self-efficacy to perform self-care. This directly influences patients' adherence and interaction with health professionals, since it is a complex process that goes from adherence to and follow-up of prescribed treatment, including the involvement of patients in the definition of their care plan, the search for good and health, represented by changes in lifestyle that include attendance at consultations and greater control of medication (Silva et al, 2015, WHO, 2009).
Many studies developed on these strategies use self care and adherence to treatment as important outcomes to evaluate the intervention developed. It is necessary to know, however, the detailed strategies and scenarios of these interventions in promoting the improvement of the patient's ability to self-care.
Educational programs are important tools of the multiprofessional team specialized in the follow-up of patients with HF. However, there are limitations in identifying the best strategies and adequate scenarios, since the interventions are heterogeneous, as well as the profile of professionals involved, making it difficult to evaluate the results.
Thus, this review may direct health professionals working in specialized clinics to make decisions about the use of the best educational intervention and choose the best health scenario to achieve the self-care and adherence of heart failure patients.",
CRD42022332565,Outcomes of Iliac venous stenting for iliac venous compression syndromes (clinical and procedural),Patients with Iliac vein compression syndrome,
CRD42025634339,"In our bibliometric analysis, we found that China is leading in international collaboration, publication volume, and citation frequency, highlighting its prominent position in this field. Oncotarget was found to be the most commonly co-cited journal. Ochiya, Takahiro is the most cited author. The keyword burst map showed that “mechanisms”, “lung”, and “tumor suppressor” became the most influential keywords in 2024. “Messenger RNAs” was the keyword with the strongest burst, lasting from 2014 to 2018. Additionally, “serum exosomes”, “mechanisms”, “cisplatin resistance”, and “mesenchymal transition” were identified as trend topics for future exploration. In summary, exosome miRNA plays a crucial role in the development and progression of LC, with its mechanisms being complex and diverse. Exosome miRNA can serve as biomarkers for LC diagnosis, prognosis evaluation, and treatment prediction, offering new insights for LC treatment. This study is the first comprehensive bibliometric analysis of exosome miRNA in LC, summarizing the research status and future trends over the past two decades. The findings offer valuable resources and practical insights for scholars, highlighting key information and potential research frontiers for the coming years.","Exosomes, microRNA, Lung Cancer, Bibliometrics, Data Visualization",
CRD42021265550,What is the effect of pharmacological targeting of PPARs on renal injury in animal models of kidney disease?,"Acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, and acute-on-chronic kidney injury. All in vivo animal models of kidney disease, including models of acute, chronic, and acute-on-chronic experimental renal injury. Treatment with an agent which pharmacologically targets one or more PPAR as its primary mechanism of action, including the PPAR-alpha, PPAR-beta/delta, or PPAR-gamma receptors as well as agents targeting two or all three PPAR subtypes (ie, with dual and pan-PPAR activity). Presence of an age- and time-matched control group treated with placebo/vehicle.","All non-in vivo animal studies including:
Exclusively human studies
Exclusively in vitro, ex vivo, or in silico studies. Absence of treatment with an agent which pharmacologically targets one or more PPAR subtype as its primary mechanism of action.
Treatment with a drug which increases PPAR activity but which is not a specific ligand of one or more PPARs (ie, interventions that indirectly implicate PPARs as potential therapeutic agents for kidney disease will be excluded; only studies which examine agents with direct pharmacological activity at one or more PPARs as its primary mechanism of action will be included).
Absence of an age- and time-matched control group treated with placebo/vehicle.
Multi-modal pharmacological treatment with two or more agents, including therein an agent to increase PPAR activity, whereby unique effects of the PPAR-targeting pharmacological agent cannot be directly determined. Absence of an age- and time-matched control group treated with placebo/vehicle."
CRD420250655620,"Through the network meta-analysis of vertical and horizontal bone regeneration between titanium mesh and different membranes, we also performed network meta-analysis through soft tissue defects, membrane exposure and other complications.","Alveolar bone defect can be divided into horizontal bone defect, vertical bone defect and mixed bone defect. Mixed bone defect is considered as the most complex bone increment type. Traditional barrier membranes (such as absorbable collagen membranes and non-absorbable polyteflon membranes) lack self-forming ability and are prone to collapse when subjected to the pressure of the covered soft tissue, making it difficult to maintain a stable space for the bone increment area. Because of its good mechanical properties, fixed support and good biocompatibility, titanium mesh can be used in bone increment surgery of mixed bone defects to achieve better repair results. Therefore, the research significance of this meta-analysis is to combine data from multiple small sample RCT and cohort studies through mesh meta-analysis to further comprehensively evaluate the therapeutic effect of titanium mesh and different barrier membranes on horizontal and vertical bone increment, and analyze the incidence of soft tissue defects, membrane exposure and other complications of titanium mesh and different barrier membranes. To provide a basis for clinical application of titanium mesh in patients with bone increment before implantation and to reduce complications. Implant surgery is required for healthy subjects with alveolar bone defects, regardless of gender or age. Titanium mesh and different membranes and bone filling materials are used in GBR. Titanium mesh is used in GBR, including conventional and 3D printing individualized titanium mesh, and different membranes, including absorbable and nonabsorbable membranes.",
CRD420250652815,"P (Population): Adult patients with axial spondyloarthritis (radiographic axial spondyloarthritis/AS and non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis).
I (Intervention): Use of JAK inhibitors (Tofacitinib, Baricitinib, Upadacitinib, Filgotinib).
C (Comparator): Conventional DMARDs, other biologics, or placebo.
O (Outcome): Evaluation of MACE/thromboembolism (DVT/PE), overall mortality.
Secondary outcomes: Blood pressure, lipid profile, CRP/ESR, BMI, glycemic profile, and smoking status.","This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the cardiovascular risk associated with the use of Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors in adult patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA), including both radiographic and non-radiographic forms. Given the increasing use of JAK inhibitors (Tofacitinib, Baricitinib, Upadacitinib, Filgotinib) as therapeutic options for inflammatory rheumatic diseases, it is essential to assess their safety profile, particularly concerning major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and thromboembolism (DVT/PE).",
CRD42018102966,How do camps specifically designed for overweight or obese children and adolescents impact their health-related quality of life or weight-related quality of life?,Childhood obesity and health-related quality of life.,
CRD420251021276,"Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder characterized primarily by distorted perception of reality, persistent delusions and hallucinations, disorganized thinking, abnormal behavior, and negative symptoms such as emotional blunting and social withdrawal. Patients may experience ongoing cognitive difficulties, and their symptoms may cyclically worsen or remit. Treatment typically includes pharmacotherapy, psychosocial interventions, and rehabilitation training, aimed at alleviating symptoms, preventing relapses, and assisting patients in regaining their social functioning. This study aims to apply Social Cognitive Interaction Training (SCIT) to the therapeutic outcomes of individuals with schizophrenia, with the intervention group receiving SCIT (a structured psychosocial intervention targeting social cognition and interpersonal functioning), the control group receiving conventional treatment, the outcome variable being a continuous variable (e.g., symptom severity or functional improvement), and the research method being a randomized controlled trial.","In this review, participants were all patients with schizophrenia, with the following inclusion criteria: (1) patients diagnosed with schizophrenia; (2) capable of completing various questionnaires and cognitive function tests; (3) patients or their family members sign an informed consent form after understanding the purpose and methods of the study; (4) patients aged 18 and above. Cognitive training Inclusion criteria for interventions should specify that the social cognitive interaction training (SCIT) must be explicitly described as targeting core domains of social cognition (e.g., emotion recognition, theory of mind, attributional bias) through structured therapeutic interactions. Interventions may include components such as group-based cognitive exercises, psychoeducation, role-playing scenarios, social problem-solving tasks, or video-based social cue analysis. Studies must involve active therapeutic engagement between participants and trained facilitators, with a minimum intervention duration of 4 weeks to ensure adequate exposure. Both standalone SCIT programs and those integrated with routine care are eligible. Comparators may include treatment-as-usual, other psychosocial interventions, or passive control groups. Exclude interventions combining SCIT with concurrent cognitive-behavioral therapy or pharmacological trials unless effects can be isolated. Include studies delivering SCIT in inpatient, outpatient, or community settings via face-to-face or hybrid formats. Training fidelity must be documented through manuals or protocol adherence checks. PICO tags selected: Usual Care (1) patients diagnosed with schizophrenia; (2) capable of completing various questionnaires and cognitive function tests; (3) patients or their family members sign an informed consent form after understanding the purpose and methods of the study; (4) patients aged 18 and above Randomized controlled trial","Exclusion criteria: (1) those with severe physical illnesses; (2) presence of cognitive or intellectual disabilities, or other serious mental illnesses; (3) individuals with self-harm, suicidal, or serious violent behaviors towards others. Exclusion criteria for interventions or exposures will involve studies that do not primarily focus on social cognitive interaction training grounded in positive psychology principles. Interventions will be excluded if they solely rely on pharmacological treatments, biological interventions (e.g., electroconvulsive therapy, transcranial magnetic stimulation), or non-interactive psychoeducational approaches without active participant engagement (e.g., passive health manual distribution without guided discussion). Studies emphasizing conventional cognitive-behavioral therapy without integrating social interaction components or positive psychology elements (e.g., strengths-based strategies, therapeutic alliance building, or role-playing to enhance self-awareness) will also be excluded. Additionally, interventions delivered exclusively in individual settings without group-based social interaction opportunities or those lacking structured activities to foster interpersonal skills and emotional reciprocity will be excluded. Interventions targeting non-psychotic disorders or mixed populations without separate schizophrenia data analysis will not be considered. (1) those with severe physical illnesses; (2) presence of cognitive or intellectual disabilities, or other serious mental illnesses; (3) individuals with self-harm, suicidal, or serious violent behaviors towards others."
CRD42025642010,The aim of this review is to describe the patients post-lung transplant with the outcome of altered airway protection confirmed by objective assessment.,"Lung transplantation is considered a therapeutic intervention for those with disease processes which result in end-stage lung disease and respiratory failure. Patients post-lung transplant are acutely at risk for oropharyngeal swallowing impairment and aspiration. Abnormal swallowing and aspiration as a consequence could be dire in the immunosuppressed post-lung transplant population. Given the surgical risk factors related to lung transplant, abnormal swallowing may be covert post-transplant and the incidence, risk factors, and overall nature of swallowing impairment post-lung transplant remains poorly understood.Therefore, this review seeks to investigate the evidence which reports abnormal airway protection as an outcome post-lung transplant.",
CRD420250652675,What is the safety and efficacy of Cimlanod (Nitroxyl donor) in Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction?,"Heart failure (HF), a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, continues to pose a therapeutic challenge despite advancements in pharmacological and device-based treatments. Nitroxyl (HNO) donors, including cimlanod (BMS-986231), are emerging as promising agents due to their unique vasodilatory, inotropic, and lusitropic properties. This meta-analysis synthesizes evidence from four pivotal studies investigating the safety, efficacy, and hemodynamic effects of cimlanod in Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) populations, aiming to clarify its clinical potential and limitations.",
CRD42023424511,"What is the effectiveness and safety of the therapeutic agent CRLX10 in the treatment of various types of cancer, and how does it compare to conventional treatments and other therapeutic agents, considering factors such as overall survival, progression-free survival, quality of life, toxicity profiles, and the occurrence of adverse events in clinical studies?","Cyclodextrins are a family of cyclic oligosaccharides composed of glucose molecules linked by α-1, 4 glycosidic bonds. They are known for their ability to form inclusion complexes with various guest molecules, enhancing the solubility, stability, and bioavailability of these molecules.
Cancer is a complex group of diseases characterized by the uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells. It is a leading cause of death worldwide, with numerous types and subtypes, each with unique molecular and cellular characteristics. Conventional cancer treatments, such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy, have limitations in terms of efficacy, side effects, and patient quality of life.
In recent years, cyclodextrins have been explored as potential therapeutic agents for cancer treatment. They have been used as drug delivery systems to improve the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of chemotherapeutic agents, as well as to reduce their side effects. Additionally, cyclodextrins have shown potential in targeting cancer cells and overcoming drug resistance, which is a significant challenge in cancer therapy.
This systematic review aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of cyclodextrins in cancer treatment, considering factors such as overall survival, progression-free survival, quality of life, toxicity profiles, and the occurrence of adverse events in clinical studies.",
CRD42021247042,How is transcarotid access compared with transfemoral access for transcatheter aortic valve replacement with regard to safety and efficacy?,"Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has evolved as a major therapeutic modality in the management of patients with severe aortic valve stenosis. The transfemoral approach is considered as the access route of choice as it is associated with superb outcomes. As considerate percentage of patients undergoing TAVR evaluation have peripheral vascular disease that precludes transfemoral approach TAVR, other access routes have been utilized as alternatives. Transcarotid access has emerged as an alternative to suboptimal transfemoral access. However, its safety and efficacy remains to be elucidated. We would like to perform a meta-analysis of studies comparing the procedural and clinical outcomes of the transcarotid (TC) and transfemoral (TF) approaches for TAVR. In the absence of a randomized controlled trial, the best available evidence to elucidate this comparison comes from studies that directly compare patients undergoing TF-TAVR and TC-TAVR. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis of studies comparing both approaches.",
CRD420251003457,The objectives of this meta-analysis are as follows:,"The population inclusion criteria for this meta-analysis are as follows: Age: Studies will include both adult and pediatric populations, with participants aged 18 years and older, and/or studies that specifically focus on younger populations (e.g., adolescents) if applicable.  Diagnosis of Periodontal Disease: Only studies involving individuals diagnosed with periodontal disease (gingivitis, periodontitis, or chronic periodontitis) based on clinical parameters such as probing depth, clinical attachment loss, and radiographic findings will be included.  Lactoferrin Measurement: Studies must measure lactoferrin levels in biological samples such as gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), saliva, serum, or other relevant biological matrices. Both cross-sectional and longitudinal studies examining lactoferrin as a biomarker of periodontal disease will be included.  Clinical Relevance: Only studies that examine the role of lactoferrin in relation to periodontal disease parameters such as inflammation, disease progression, severity, or treatment outcomes will be included. Studies evaluating the potential of lactoferrin as a diagnostic tool or predictor of treatment response will also be considered.  Language: Studies published in English will be included. Non-English studies will be excluded unless they have a reliable English abstract or translation.  Study Design: Eligible study designs include randomized controlled trials (RCTs), case-control studies, cross-sectional studies, Non randomized interventional study.   Lactoferrin; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Diagnostic Procedure  Studies must involve the measurement of lactoferrin levels in biological fluids such as gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), saliva, or serum. Lactoferrin must be evaluated as a potential biomarker to assess periodontal disease or its progression, inflammation, or severity. Lactoferrin measurement techniques should be standardized and reliable (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA]). Exposure to Periodontal Disease:  Studies involving individuals diagnosed with periodontal disease (gingivitis, periodontitis, or chronic periodontitis) will be included. This includes both mild and severe cases of periodontal disease, based on clinical parameters such as probing depth, attachment loss, and inflammation. Periodontal disease exposure could be evaluated at different stages and under various conditions  Monitoring and Treatment Exposure: Studies examining lactoferrin levels before and after periodontal treatment or intervention (such as scaling and root planing, antibiotic therapy, or surgical procedures) will be included to assess whether lactoferrin can track disease progression or response to treatment.  Studies involving systemic treatments that may influence lactoferrin levels as part of periodontal disease management will be included. Longitudinal or Cross-Sectional Exposure:  Exposure to Specific Risk Factors: Studies exploring the impact of systemic risk factors on lactoferrin levels in the context of periodontal disease will be included, as these factors can influence both periodontal disease progression and lactoferrin expression.   PICO tags selected: Lactoferrin; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Diagnostic Procedure or this meta-analysis on the role of lactoferrin in periodontal disease, comparator inclusion criteria are as follows: Healthy Control Groups: Studies that include healthy control groups with no periodontal disease will be considered. These groups serve as a baseline to compare lactoferrin levels between individuals with periodontal disease and those without, enabling an assessment of the biomarker's diagnostic ability.  Periodontal Disease Severity Groups: Studies that differentiate between varying degrees of periodontal disease severity (e.g., gingivitis, mild, moderate, and severe periodontitis) will be included. Comparisons between lactoferrin levels across different stages of the disease will help determine its relationship with disease progression and severity.  Other Biomarkers: Studies that compare lactoferrin levels will also be included. Treatment or Intervention Comparisons: Studies that compare lactoferrin levels before and after periodontal treatment (e.g., scaling and root planing, antibiotic therapy, or surgical interventions) will be included. This will provide insights into how lactoferrin can be used to monitor disease progression or response to treatment.  Systemic Health Comparisons: Studies that include individuals with systemic health conditions (such as diabetes or cardiovascular diseases) alongside periodontal disease will be included. The types of studies that will be included in this meta-analysis are as follows: Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs): Studies that assess the role of lactoferrin as a biomarker in periodontal disease, with random allocation of participants to different interventions or observational groups, will be included. These studies provide high-quality evidence due to their rigorous design.  Cohort Studies: Studies that follow groups of individuals with periodontal disease over time, measuring lactoferrin levels and observing disease progression or treatment outcomes, will be included. These studies are valuable for understanding the relationship between lactoferrin and long-term clinical outcomes.  Case-Control Studies: Studies that compare lactoferrin levels in individuals with periodontal disease to those without the disease (controls) will be included. These studies are useful for identifying biomarkers associated with the presence of periodontal disease.  Cross-Sectional Studies: Studies that measure lactoferrin levels at a single point in time in individuals with varying stages of periodontal disease will be included. These studies provide insights into the correlation between lactoferrin and clinical parameters of disease severity.  Observational Studies: Studies that observe and record lactoferrin levels in relation to periodontal disease without intervening in the course of disease treatment or progression will be included. These studies contribute to understanding the natural relationship between lactoferrin and periodontal health.","Non-periodontal Disease Populations: Studies involving individuals without a diagnosis of periodontal disease (e.g., healthy controls or those with other oral conditions not related to periodontal disease, such as dental caries or oral cancer) will be excluded. Non-human Studies: Animal studies, in vitro studies, and studies not conducted on human populations will be excluded from the analysis. Incomplete or Inadequate Lactoferrin Measurement: Studies that do not measure lactoferrin levels in relevant biological samples (such as gingival crevicular fluid, saliva, or serum) or those with unreliable or inconsistent lactoferrin measurement methods will be excluded. Lack of Relevant Clinical Data: Studies that do not include information about clinical parameters of periodontal disease (such as probing depth, clinical attachment loss, or gingival inflammation) or fail to link lactoferrin levels to these parameters will be excluded. Interventions with Lactoferrin: Studies that focus on the therapeutic use of lactoferrin as an intervention for periodontal disease, rather than its role as a biomarker, will be excluded. Language Limitations: Studies published in languages other than English will be excluded unless there is a reliable English translation or abstract. Study Design: Case reports, reviews, editorials, and expert opinions will be excluded .  Studies without Standardized Lactoferrin Measurement:  Studies that do not measure lactoferrin reliably or use non-standardized methods (e.g., qualitative assessments or unvalidated assays) will be excluded. To ensure the reliability and consistency of results, studies must employ validated quantitative techniques (such as ELISA or immunohistochemistry) to assess lactoferrin levels.  Studies Focusing on Non-Human Populations:  Studies with Inadequate Data on Lactoferrin Levels:  Studies with Irrelevant or Non-Comparable Comparators:  Studies that compare lactoferrin levels to biomarkers that are irrelevant to periodontal disease (e.g., biomarkers for unrelated diseases such as cancer, or biomarkers with no known association with periodontal inflammation) will be excluded. Studies with inappropriate comparators (such as comparing lactoferrin to other biomarkers not used in clinical practice for periodontal disease) will be excluded to maintain clinical relevance.  Studies Involving Disease other than periodontitis populations:  Studies Not Reporting Clinical Outcomes:  Studies that do not provide clinical outcomes related to periodontal disease progression or response to treatment (such as changes in clinical attachment loss, probing depth, or gingival inflammation) will be excluded, as the aim is to evaluate the clinical utility of lactoferrin as a biomarker.  Studies Published in Non-English Languages.  For this meta-analysis on the role of lactoferrin in periodontal disease, comparator exclusion criteria are as follows: Studies Without Relevant Control Groups: Studies that do not include a comparator group, such as healthy controls or individuals without periodontal disease, will be excluded. Without a proper comparator group, it becomes difficult to assess the specificity and diagnostic accuracy of lactoferrin as a biomarker for periodontal disease.  Studies with Non-Periodontal Disease Comparators: Studies that compare lactoferrin levels in individuals with periodontal disease to groups with non-oral diseases (such as cancer, autoimmune diseases, or other systemic conditions) but no periodontal involvement will be excluded, as they do not provide relevant comparisons for understanding lactoferrin's role in periodontal disease.  Studies with Inappropriate or Unmatched Comparator Groups: Studies where comparator groups are not appropriately matched will be excluded due to the potential for biased or unreliable comparisons.  Studies with Inconsistent or Irrelevant Comparator Biomarkers: Studies that compare lactoferrin to biomarkers that are not clinically relevant or routinely used in periodontal disease diagnosis will be excluded. Comparisons to non-specific or irrelevant biomarkers would undermine the focus of the analysis.    The types of studies that will be excluded from this meta-analysis are as follows: Case Reports: Single-case studies that report on individual patients will be excluded due to the lack of generalizability and limited statistical power.  Review Articles and Meta-Analyses: Studies that provide summaries or analyses of existing literature, without original primary data, will be excluded to avoid duplication and ensure that only original research is considered.  Editorials and Expert Opinions: Opinion-based articles or editorials that do not involve original research or empirical data will be excluded, as they do not contribute direct evidence to the role of lactoferrin in periodontal disease.  Animal Studies: Studies conducted on animals, including in vivo or in vitro studies, will be excluded since the focus of this meta-analysis is on human populations with periodontal disease.  Non-English Studies: Studies published in languages other than English will be excluded unless they have a reliable English abstract or translation available."
CRD42024547794,"1. What is the efficacy of the Coronary Sinus Reducer (CSR) in refractory angina?
2. What is the level of improvement in Canadian Coronary Society (CCS) angina class after using CSR?","Refractory angina significantly impairs patients' quality of life and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The study evaluates the impact of CSR on improving Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS) angina class, a widely used measure of angina severity and symptomatology. By synthesizing data from multiple studies, the analysis aims to provide comprehensive insights into the effectiveness of CSR as a therapeutic option for refractory angina patients, with a particular focus on its ability to alleviate angina symptoms and enhance functional capacity.The existing literature is inadequate in refractory angina patients given CSR.",
CRD420250640449,"Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by persistent synovitis and progressive joint damage. Radiographic progression remains a key outcome for assessing disease activity and the efficacy of therapeutic interventions. Given the financial and safety considerations associated with long-term treatment, tapering strategies are increasingly being explored. However, the effect of treatment tapering on radiographic progression is not fully understood, necessitating a comprehensive synthesis of available evidence. This systematic review aims to identify, appraise, and synthesize data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluate the impact of tapering versus continuation of stable treatment on radiographic outcomes in RA.","We are studying the effects of treatment tapering in rheumatoid arthritis and whether this leads to subclinical progression with increasing erosions (either in size or by number). • Adults (aged ≥18 years) with a diagnosis of RA according to the ACR/EULAR criteria or equivalent.• Participants must be on stable therapy at baseline. • Treatment tapering strategies, including:o Dose reduction (partial taper).o Treatment cessation. • Continuation of stable treatment at the standard dose.",
CRD42023453299,What are the most promising advances and the most recent revolutionary approaches in immunotherapy and gene therapy for cancer treatment?,"Cancer is a disease characterized by the uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells in the body. As cancer cells multiply, they can evade the immune system. This pathology continues to be one of the leading causes of mortality globally. Over the decades, advances in medical research have unraveled numerous mechanisms underlying carcinogenesis and have provided therapeutic tools to address this complex disease. Immunotherapy capitalizes on the inherent power of the immune system to recognize and eliminate malignant cells, while gene therapy offers the possibility of correcting, replacing or enhancing specific genes to counteract the genetic basis of carcinogenesis. These approaches, although still under development, have shown promising results in a variety of cancers and have revitalized hopes for a more precise and effective therapeutic strategy.",
CRD42022307908,The aim of this systematic review is to identify and collate evidence from clinical studies that have implemented and/or evaluated Clinical Decision Support Systems (CDSS) for the diagnosis and/or management of people with a diagnosis of both Asthma and COPD.,Use of CDSS for people with a diagnosis of both Asthma and COPD.,
CRD420251011058,"To evaluate the efficacy of GLP-1 analogs in the treatment of idiopathic intracranial hypertension, comparing them to","Patients with active idiopathic intracranial hypertension, characterized by intracranial pressure greater than 25 cmH2O (measured by lumbar puncture) and the presence of papilledema. Exenatide; Liraglutide; Semaglutide Inclusion criteria for the intervention: Patients treated with GLP-1 analogs (such as exenatide, liraglutide, semaglutide, dulaglutide, or tirzepatide) for the management of idiopathic intracranial hypertension. The intervention may be administered at various dosages and frequencies according to the available therapeutic protocols. PICO tags selected: Placebo; Attention Placebo Control Patients who received placebo as treatment for idiopathic intracranial hypertension. Therapeutics, Randomized Clinical Trials and Observational studies",
CRD42025631708,"Hesperidin has been shown to provide significant benefits for conditions such as diabetes and hypertension, supported by both preclinical and clinical evidence. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we aim to explore the therapeutic effects of hesperidin in treating metabolic syndrome based on available randomized controlled trials.We will consider parameters such as blood pressure, glycemic index parameters (fasting blood glucose, HbA1c,) BMI, Lipid profile, lipoprotein (a), hsCRP etc.","Metabolic syndrome, including its associated components such as obesity, Blood Pressure, dyslipidemia, Cardiovascular Disease, hypertension, and inflammation, with a focus on evaluating the therapeutic effects of hesperidin.""",
CRD42024528497,"We propose a review to provide a systematic compendium of the effectiveness of piano music therapy in the recovery of upper limb movement function post-stroke. Around the world, stroke is an important public health challenge. Upper limb motor dysfunction is a common complication of post-stroke , affecting patients' daily activities and emotional state, and placing a heavy burden on patients and their families. Previous research indicates that piano music therapy can enhance patients' fine motor control by guiding them to exercise their dysfunctional limbs over time, increasing neuroplasticity . In addition, the pleasurable experience and emotional relief effects of piano performance can also help to improve patients' psychological state. Despite preliminary evidences supporting the potential of piano music therapy in stroke rehabilitation, its efficacy and sustainability still need to be more rigorously reviewed and validated . In this paper, we will conduct a review to systematically collate the clinical evidence under different variable conditions, to provide mainstream scientific evidences and guidance of credible value for the rehabilitation treatment of stroke patients, and to promote the application and development of this treatment in the field of rehabilitation.","Stroke is the second leading cause of death in the world, with a correspondingly extremely high risk of disability. However, we have to be aware of the fact that the incidence of stroke in young and middle-aged people is still increasing significantly around the globe, predicted the trend of stroke mortality between 2020 and 2050, stating that in the next three decades the stroke mortality rate will increase by 50 percent on the basis of the current data. Meanwhile, the disability index after stroke will grow from 144.8 million visits in 2020 to 189 million in 2050. Movement disorders and restricted mobility are among the most common problems after stroke. It has been shown that at least half of patients within the 6-month post-stroke period and in the patient population over the age of 65 years experience persistent hemiparesis, with 80%-95% of stroke survivors having concomitant upper limb motor dysfunction. This problem not only causes difficulties in daily living, but also affects emotional well-being and life quality. Therefore, participation in a rehabilitation programme aimed at promoting adaptive motor learning is essential for the recovery of motor function and self-care in stroke patients.",
CRD42023444305,"i. What is the number of evidence-based interventions or strategies from clinical and allied health research that has been successfully adopted and integrated into practice (T3) in Malaysia?
ii. What are the unique characteristics of clinical and allied health research that have been translated into practice compared to those that did not in Malaysia?","The translation research continuum (T models) with 5 phases of translational research (T0 to T4) is commonly used to describe the translation process from basic research to the community. T0 is basic science research including preclinical and animal studies, which define mechanisms, targets, and lead molecules. T1 is defined as a translation to humans that moves basic discovery through early-phase clinical trials (Phase 1 clinical trials) to human health applications such as new methods of diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. T2 is denoted as the translation to patients that includes Phase 2 and 3 clinical trials and controlled studies leading to clinical application and the development of evidence‑based guidelines. T3 deals with the translation to practice that includes Phase 4 clinical trials, comparative effectiveness research, post‑marketing studies, clinical outcomes research, health services, dissemination, and implementation research which attempts to move evidence-based guidelines into health practice. T4 incorporates the translation to the community that includes population-level outcomes research, monitoring of mobility, mortality, benefits, risks, impacts of policy, and change with the aim to benefit society.",
CRD42023337830,Does Catalpol have neuroprotective effect in animal models of acute focal ischemic stroke and what are the possible mechanisms involved ?,"Ischemic stroke Acute permanent Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) or temporary Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) animal models (all species, all sexes) All timings, frequencies and dosages of treatment with catalpol are eligible for inclusion. Purified water-treated, vehicle-treated, saline-treated and sham-treated control animals
No treatment control animals","animals with co-morbidities,
ex-vivo, in-vitro and in-silico models
not a focal cerebral ischemic stroke model, such as traumatic, global, chronic cerebral ischemia models Catalpol not used as monotherapy Other Chinese herbal medicine or Western medicine"
CRD42023389658,"The aim of this systematic review is to investigate if there are any associations between comorbidities and disease outcomes in the multiple sclerosis population, as measured using, a) clinical measures such as disability, b) disease course such as clinical relapses, and/or c) MRI-related metrics.
Comorbidity is a co-existing condition not directly related to the primary disease, in our case, multiple sclerosis (MS). In this review, we focus on overall burden (number of comorbidities) and specific comorbidities such as depression, anxiety, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and chronic lung diseases.","Multiple sclerosis: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated, chronic inflammatory, and degenerative disease of the central nervous system, resulting in a range of neurological symptoms. In 2020, there were an estimated 2.8 million people worldwide affected by MS.
Recently, many studies noted that comorbidities in persons with MS are associated with diagnostic delays, and increased disability progression and disease activity. Modifying or managing comorbidity burden could be as important a factor as use of disease-modifying therapies on the health outcomes in persons with MS. Thus, in this systematic review, we will be focusing on whether there are any associations between comorbidities (overall burden or any specific comorbidity, such as depression, anxiety, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, or chronic lung disease) and outcomes of MS: 1) relapse rate, 2) disability, 3) brain lesions on MRI.",
CRD420251010037,To systematically review and meta-analyze randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the effectiveness of LWJXD combined with ZSP for chronic cough.,"1. Diagnosis of Chronic Cough: Patients must be diagnosed with chronic cough, which is typically defined as a cough lasting for more than 8 weeks. This diagnosis should be confirmed by a qualified medical professional based on clinical symptoms and, if necessary, additional diagnostic tests. 2. Treatment with Linggan Wuwei Jiangxin Decoction Combined with Zhisou San: Patients must have undergone treatment with Linggan Wuwei Jiangxin Decoction combined with Zhisou San, either as the primary or adjunctive therapy for their chronic cough. LWJXD combined with ZSP, administered orally. Any other pharmacological or non-pharmacological intervention, placebo, or usual care.","1. Alternative Diagnoses: Patients with alternative diagnoses that could explain their chronic cough, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), tuberculosis and bronchiectasis, or other respiratory conditions, will be excluded. 2.Patients with a combination of severe heart, brain, kidney and liver diseases and mental disorders."
CRD42023483276,Is it safe to treat atopic dermatitis with upadacitinib? A systematic review and Meta analysis of Randomized Controlled trials.,"1. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic recurring inflammatory skin disorder, which is characterized by intense pruritus and eczematous lesions. It's estimated that approximately 20% of children and 10% of adults experience this condition around the world. AD has been found to be associated with increased risk of psychological distress, poor quality of life (QoL), impaired work-related performance, and increased healthcare expenditure. Therefore, it's imperative to effectively treat AD.
2. Multiple cytokines implicated in AD signal through the Janus kinase (JAK) pathway. Upadacitinib is an oral JAK inhibitor with greater inhibitory potency for JAK1 than JAK2, JAK3, and tyrosine kinase 2.",
CRD42024601798,"The protective effect of baicalin on diabetic nephropathy and its molecular mechanisms: Studies have shown that baicalin has a renal protective effect on diabetic nephropathy (DN) through its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Specifically, baicalin exerts its therapeutic effect on DN by inhibiting inflammation and oxidative stress through the SphK1/S1P/NF-κB signaling pathway.
The safety and toxicity of baicalin: In different animal and cell models, determining the safe dose range and action time of baicalin is crucial for drug properties. Studies have shown that baicalin is not cytotoxic to mice at safe doses and can reduce lipotoxicity.",Diabetic Kidney Disease,
CRD42022325779,What is 14-3-3ζ protein plays as a potential biomarker in cancer diagnosis and detection: a meta-analysis?,"Cancer remains a major public health problem for humans that pose a serious threat to human health, caused a high morbidity and mortality. Although, more and more treatment methods were application in clinincal, such as surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunity therapy, and targeted therapy, however, the outcome remains unsatisfied.Hence, exploring potential diagnostic biomarkers for human cancers to guide clinical decision is vital and urgent. Recently, High 14-3-3ζ expression has been reported as a diagnosis indicator in some cancers. The study focus on identifying the diagnosis value of level 14-3-3ζ in solid cancers.",
CRD420251024855,"To evaluate the effectiveness of Ayurvedic interventions (including herbal formulations, Rasayana therapy, Panchakarma, Yoga, and lifestyle modifications) on clinical and biochemical cardiovascular health outcomes such as blood pressure, lipid profile, cardiac biomarkers, echocardiographic parameters, and symptom relief.","Age: Adults aged 18 years and above.  Diagnosis/Condition:  Individuals diagnosed with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) including:  Hypertension  Coronary artery disease  Myocardial infarction  Heart failure  Arrhythmias  Ischemic heart disease  Individuals at risk of CVDs (e.g., with dyslipidemia, prehypertension, metabolic syndrome).  Health Status:  Studies on healthy individuals if the intervention is preventive in nature.  Sex:  Both male and female participants.  Geography:  Country of study - India.  Study Subjects (for secondary objectives):  Animal studies relevant to cardiac conditions and Ayurvedic interventions.  In vitro studies on cardiac cell lines evaluating Ayurvedic formulations.   Ayurvedic medicine; Lifestyle education; Yoga; Pranayama technique Interventions included in this review must be grounded in Ayurvedic theory and practice, as outlined in classical texts (e.g., Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita) or validated contemporary Ayurvedic formulations. The intervention must have therapeutic relevance to cardiovascular health, targeting outcomes such as blood pressure, lipid profile, cardiac biomarkers, cardiac function, or symptomatic relief (e.g., chest pain, fatigue), or offering preventive benefits (e.g., Rasayana to enhance Ojas or reduce Rasa/Rakta Dhatu Dushti). Only studies that clearly document the composition, dosage, method of preparation, and frequency of Ayurvedic interventions will be included to ensure reproducibility and interpretation. Lifestyle-based interventions aligned with Ayurvedic principles—such as Pathya-Apathya, Dinacharya, Ritucharya, and sleep hygiene—will be included if evaluated alongside primary therapies.  Yoga and Pranayama will be considered only when embedded in an Ayurvedic treatment framework. Studies employing integrative models (Ayurveda + conventional care) will be included if the Ayurvedic component is independently analyzable.  The minimum duration of intervention must be seven days. Animal and in vitro studies will be included only for secondary analysis. Interventions administered orally, transdermally, procedurally (e.g., Basti), or externally will be considered if relevant to cardiac care and appropriately justified.   PICO tags selected: Placebo; Integrated services Standard Allopathic or Conventional Treatment: Studies using modern guideline-based management of cardiovascular diseases (e.g., antihypertensives, statins, beta-blockers) as the control group will be included, provided treatment protocols are clearly described. Placebo or Sham Therapy: Pharmacological placebos (e.g., inert capsules resembling Ayurvedic formulations) or procedural placebos (e.g., non-medicated Basti or sham Panchakarma) will be included if they are used to control for psychological or procedural effects.  No Treatment or Usual Care: Studies with participants receiving no active intervention or only routine monitoring (without Ayurveda-based or active comparator) will be included to assess the standalone efficacy of Ayurvedic treatments.  Integrative Comparisons: Studies that compare integrative treatments (Ayurveda + modern) versus modern care alone will be eligible if the design allows for an independent assessment of the Ayurvedic component.  Lifestyle or Behavioral Comparators: Non-Ayurvedic dietary, exercise, or stress-reduction interventions may be accepted as comparators if used in controlled designs assessing Ayurvedic therapies. Types of Studies That Will Be Included Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) Including parallel, cluster, or crossover designs  Comparing Ayurvedic interventions with placebo, standard treatment, or no treatment  Non-Randomized Controlled Trials  Quasi-experimental studies with clearly defined comparator groups  Prospective and Retrospective Cohort Studies  With or without matching, if cardiovascular outcomes of Ayurvedic interventions are assessed  Case-Control Studies  Comparing exposure to Ayurvedic interventions between cases (with CVD) and controls  Cross-Sectional Studies  If they report on the association of Ayurvedic exposure with cardiovascular health indicators  Observational Studies (with Comparator)  Provided the Ayurvedic intervention and outcomes are clearly defined and measured  Mixed-Methods Studies  If quantitative outcome data related to cardiac health is extractable  Experimental Animal Studies (for secondary thematic or mechanistic synthesis only)  Exploring cardiac effects of Ayurvedic drugs or procedures  In Vitro Studies (for mechanistic relevance only)  Evaluating cardiovascular-related cellular responses to Ayurvedic formulations","Age: Pediatric populations (under 18 years of age).  Condition:  Participants with non-cardiac primary conditions (e.g., renal failure, malignancies) unless cardiac parameters are specifically assessed.  Co-morbid Conditions:  Studies focused primarily on non-cardiovascular co-morbidities without separate analysis of cardiac outcomes.  Pregnant or lactating women:  Unless separately analyzed and reported in relation to cardiac conditions.  Study Types for Population:  Case reports, editorials, and commentaries (excluded from quantitative analysis, may be considered in background discussion only).  Animal or in vitro studies that do not relate to cardiovascular effects of Ayurvedic interventions.  Geography  Country - Other than India Studies will be excluded if the interventions are not explicitly based on Ayurvedic principles or lack reference to classical Ayurvedic formulations, therapeutic approaches, or philosophy. Interventions that are vaguely labeled as ""herbal,"" ""natural,"" or ""alternative"" without clear identification as Ayurvedic will be excluded. Similarly, mixed or integrative interventions that include Ayurveda but do not distinctly report its individual contribution to outcomes will also be excluded. Studies using poorly defined or unstandardized formulations, where dosage, ingredients, method of preparation, or administration route are not specified, will be excluded due to lack of reproducibility and mechanistic clarity.  Isolated Yoga or Pranayama practices will be excluded unless they are part of a comprehensive Ayurvedic therapeutic framework. General wellness programs without a targeted cardiovascular objective will not be included.  Interventions administered for less than 7 days will be excluded, as such durations are insufficient to demonstrate meaningful cardiovascular effects.  Additionally, studies using other complementary systems (e.g., Unani, Homeopathy, Traditional Chinese Medicine) without an Ayurvedic basis will be excluded. Animal and in vitro studies not related to cardiovascular effects of Ayurvedic interventions will also be excluded, as will commentaries, editorials, and non-empirical literature. Studies will be excluded if the comparator group is inadequately described, lacks clarity in its components, or does not provide a suitable contrast to Ayurvedic interventions. Comparators that do not represent a clearly defined treatment, placebo, or standard care model will be excluded. Studies using undefined or mixed alternative systems of medicine (e.g., combining Ayurveda with Unani, Homeopathy, or Traditional Chinese Medicine) in the comparator arm without disaggregated data will not be included. Interventions described as ""usual care"" or ""routine treatment"" will be excluded if the study fails to detail the therapeutic content or monitoring procedures provided. Comparators involving complex lifestyle interventions not aligned with either Ayurvedic or conventional protocols (e.g., wellness retreats, general naturopathy) will also be excluded if their therapeutic mechanisms are unclear or not replicable.  Studies where the comparator includes another form of Ayurvedic therapy (i.e., comparing two Ayurvedic treatments) without a non-Ayurvedic or placebo control group will be excluded from meta-analysis but may be considered in narrative synthesis. Additionally, studies using spiritual, cultural, or religious practices as comparators without therapeutic intent or cardiovascular relevance will not be included.  Finally, case reports, commentaries, or uncontrolled studies without a comparator group will be excluded. Case reports and case series, as they lack comparator groups and are not suitable for assessing effectiveness. Editorials, expert opinions, commentaries, and letters to the editor without original data.  Narrative reviews, scoping reviews, or systematic reviews, although their references may be screened for relevant primary studies.  Conference abstracts or posters without accessible full-text articles, due to insufficient methodological details.  Studies without a clearly defined comparator group, or those lacking measurable cardiovascular outcomes.  Qualitative studies without quantifiable cardiovascular-related data.  Studies combining Ayurveda with other traditional systems (e.g., Unani, Homeopathy, TCM) where the Ayurvedic component cannot be isolated.  Unpublished manuscripts, non-peer-reviewed sources, or inaccessible theses.  Duplicate publications, where only the most comprehensive and recent version will be included.  Spiritual or ritual-based practices not embedded in Ayurvedic therapeutic protocols or lacking clinical outcome assessment."
CRD420250639228,"What are the factors significantly associated with treatment outcomes (e.g., 12-month seizure remission, treatment failure, drug resistance, or drug resistant epilepsy) in patients with newly diagnosed epilepsy, as identified by clinical prediction models?","Epilepsy Epilepsy is a neurological disorder that is estimated to affect 50-70 million people worldwide, defined as a predisposition towards generating unprovoked seizures. Epilepsy is more common in developing nations despite not being dependent on race, more common in males although only marginally so, and poses a higher risk to the elderly or those under one year of age. Diagnosis follows two unprovoked seizures or one seizure with a high risk (at least 60%) of recurrence over the next 10 years. Epilepsy is not a single disorder, but encompasses numerous syndromes as defined by the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE). This review will include studies involving any person with newly-diagnosed epilepsy (NdE) as defined by study authors. This review focuses on clinical prediction models for treatment outcomes in NdE. Prediction models must combine at least two predictors (e.g., demographic, clinical, neuroimaging, or physiological factors) to estimate outcomes. Included prediction models must:Predict outcomes such as 12-month seizure remission (primary outcome), treatment failure (e.g., adverse effects, lack of efficacy), or drug resistant epilepsy.Use data commonly available in clinical practice, such as demographic factors (e.g. age, sex, socioeconomic status), clinical factors (e.g. seizure type, frequency, age of onset), or neuroimaging/EEG factors (i.e. findings from MRI or EEG). Exclusion criteria: Prediction models focusing exclusively on populations outside NdE.Prediction models using single predictors without multivariable analysis. These models are expected to guide treatment decisions in NdE, leveraging routinely available clinical data. The review aims to evaluate their validity and applicability in clinical settings to support informed decision-making. Not applicable. This review evaluates clinical prediction models for treatment outcomes in newly diagnosed epilepsy. It does not compare interventions, exposures, or control groups but instead assesses the validity, performance (e.g., discrimination and calibration), and applicability of prediction models.",
CRD420250651726,What are the prevalence and risk factors of acute endophthalmitis following cataract surgery?,"Acute endophthalmitis is a severe inflammation of the internal eye structures commonly observed as a postoperative complication following cataract surgery. This condition arises primarily from bacterial infections introduced during or immediately after surgical procedures. It is of particular concern due to its rapid onset and the severe implications it can have on visual acuity, potentially leading to substantial or complete vision loss. The persistence and resistance of these infections complicate post-surgical recovery and significantly reduce the efficacy of standard therapeutic interventions. This systematic review aims to identify the prevalence and risk factors associated with acute endophthalmitis following cataract surgery, providing crucial insights for developing targeted prevention and management strategies to enhance patient outcomes in ophthalmic care.",
CRD42025632371,"1.Population (P): The primary question is whether acoustic stimulation (e.g., white noise, music therapy) can reduce symptoms of primary insomnia in comparison to a placebo, no intervention, or other treatment modalities.
2.Intervention (I): What types of acoustic stimulation interventions (e.g., white noise, music, or sound therapy) are most effective for treating insomnia?
3.Comparison (C): How does acoustic stimulation compare to placebo or other established insomnia treatments (e.g., pharmacological treatments, cognitive behavioral therapy)?
4.Outcome (O): What is the impact of acoustic stimulation on insomnia-related outcomes, including sleep quality, symptom reduction, and overall treatment satisfaction?
5.Study design (S): What evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and other relevant studies can contribute to our understanding of the effectiveness of acoustic stimulation for insomnia?","This systematic review and meta-analysis will focus on insomnia, a common sleep disorder characterized by persistent difficulty in falling asleep, staying asleep, or waking up too early, despite having the opportunity to sleep. Insomnia can lead to daytime impairment such as fatigue, mood disturbances, and reduced quality of life. It is a condition that affects a significant proportion of the global population and is often associated with comorbidities such as anxiety, depression, and chronic pain. Traditional treatments for insomnia include pharmacological therapies and cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I). However, non-pharmacological interventions, including acoustic stimulation (e.g., white noise, music therapy, and brainwave entrainment), have been explored as alternative or adjunctive treatments for improving sleep quality and reducing insomnia symptoms. This review aims to evaluate the efficacy of acoustic stimulation as a therapeutic intervention for insomnia, examining its effects on sleep quality, symptom relief, and patient outcomes.",
CRD42022336683,Which therapeutic class of drugs has the most efficacious control of postoperative pain intensity in adult patients undergoing periodontal surgery?,Postoperative pain control after periodontal surgery.,
CRD42024533367,"What is the impact of the Pharmaceutical Consultation in terms of detecting and mitigating problems related to effectiveness and safety, management capacity, adherence, and experience regarding medication, in cancer patients receiving therapy with oral antineoplastics agents, compared to a conventional model of medication dispensing?","This Systematic Review aims to study the impact of Pharmaceutical Consultation on oncology outpatients receiving therapy with oral antineoplastic agents. Therapeutic protocols in oncology are generally complex, often composed of multiple medications with highly variable dosages. Unlike intravenous therapies administered in hospital units by qualified healthcare professionals, oral antineoplastic agents are administered at home, with medication management carried out by the patients themselves or with the assistance of caregivers. Therefore, it is necessary to provide training and follow-up for these patients, particularly regarding drug-related problems, adherence to treatment, and medication management. Cancer patients undergoing therapy with oral antineoplastics. Pharmaceutical Consultation - intensified, structured, and registered model of pharmaceutical care provision aiming to:• contribute to the patient's literacy about their treatment;• empower the patient to manage their medication;• contribute to adherence to treatment;• contribute to patient satisfaction with their therapy;• contribute to a better efectiveness;• identify and mitigate adverse effects and problems related to therapy. Conventional medication dispensing model",Pharmaceutical consultations conducted outside a hospital pharmacy setting.
CRD42025632683,To assess therapeutic effect and the safety of the acupuncture jiaji treatment for the patients with cervical spondylosis of vertebral artery type.,"Vertebral artery type cervical spondylosis is a common type of cervical spondylosis. Due to the compression of the vertebral artery and insufficient blood supply of the vertebrobasilar artery, the main clinical manifestations are paroxysmal headache and dizziness in the nape and occipital regions, accompanied by tinnitus, hearing loss, vision weakening or diplopia, etc. In severe cases, sudden fainting may occur. Currently, the main treatment methods include surgical treatment and non-surgical treatment. Acupuncture is one of the most important non-surgical treatment methods. According to traditional Chinese medicine theory, manual acupuncture at the cervical paravertebral points can significantly improve the symptoms.",
CRD42025648578,"In adult patients undergoing peripheral intravenous (PIV) insertion in preoperative settings (P), how do various anxiety-reducing techniques—including pharmacological, non-pharmacological, distraction, cognitive-behavioral, technological, and skill-enhancement interventions (I)—compared to standard care without specific anxiety-reducing interventions (C)—affect patient-reported anxiety levels, physiological markers of anxiety, and procedural success rates (O)?","• Primary Outcome: Reduction in patient-reported anxiety (measured via validated scales such as VAS-Anxiety, STAI).
• Secondary Outcomes:
o Changes in physiological markers of anxiety (e.g., heart rate, blood pressure).
o Impact on procedural success (e.g., first-attempt success rate, overall insertion time).",
CRD42024554006,"This study intends to use the method of meta-analysis, hoping to answer the following questions:
1. Is Information Technology effective for social-emotional competence in people with autism?
2. What factors affect the effectiveness of Information Technology interventions?","Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a pervasive neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impairments in social interaction and repetitive stereotyped behaviors. The prevalence of ASD is increasing. According to the weekly report released by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in April 2023, by 2020, the overall prevalence of ASD among 8-year-olds reached 2.76% by 2020, indicating that approximately one in every thirty-six 8-year-olds has autism. Individuals with ASD have deficits in social-emotional competence. Most people with ASD have difficulties in emotion recognition, emotion understanding, emotion expression and emotion regulation, which seriously affects their normal social communication and interaction.",
CRD42024553610,"There is a lack of accurate biomarkers for diagnose and prognosis assessment of interstitial lung disease(ILD). Visual recognition is still used to diagonse and predict the prognosis of ILD patients in clinical practice.Radiomics is a high-throughput mining of quantitative image features for standard medical imaging, which can extract data and apply it in clinical decision support systems.
We aim to investigate:
1. Evaluate the role of radiomics in the diagnosis and classification of ILD.
2. Evaluate whether radiomics can accurately predict the treatment response of ILD patients.
3. Evaluate whether radiomics can predict the prognosis of ILD patients, whether the radiomics model more advantageous compared to traditional clinical models, whether there is a difference in prognostic evaluation of different ILD patients using radiomics models.",Interstitial lung disease (ILD) consists of a group of pulmonary disorders characterized by inflammation and/or fibrosis of the lung parenchyma associated with progressive dyspnea that frequently results in end-stage respiratory failure.,
CRD420251004591,"The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to evaluate the prognostic impact of irradiation in addition to systemic chemotherapy for stage IVB cervical cancer. In particular, we will evaluate whether the combination of molecularly targeted agents and immune checkpoint inhibitors has an impact on treatment outcome. The dose and purpose of radiotherapy will be stratified and evaluated as well. By statistically integrating the available evidence, we aim to gain a clearer understanding of the role of radiotherapy in the treatment context.","Cervical cancer patients with metastasis. Stage IVB (FIGO 2018) Chemotherapy; Chemoradiotherapy; Radiotherapy To Pelvis; Immunotherapy Patients who have received systemic chemotherapy (including molecular targeted drugs and immune checkpoint inhibitors) and pelvic radiation therapy. PICO tags selected: Chemotherapy; Immunotherapy Patients treated with systemic chemotherapy, molecular targeted drugs, or immune checkpoint inhibitors",
CRD42018114257,"1. The primary aim is to evaluate the diagnostic performance of 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT for detecting relapse or metastasis in prostate cancer patients with biochemical failure after primary treatment?
2. The secondary aim is to assess the potential impact of 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT on the treatment strategy of prostate cancer patients with biochemical failure.",Prostate cancer patients with biochemical failure after primary treatment,
CRD42025641946,"What is the effect of therapeutic doses of methylphenidate on reducing apathy in patients diagnosed with Alzheimer’s dementia, compared to placebo or no intervention, as measured by standardized apathy scales in randomized controlled trials (RCTs)?","Alzheimer's dementia is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia worldwide. It is characterized by cognitive decline, memory impairment, and a range of neuropsychiatric symptoms, including apathy. Apathy is a prevalent and debilitating symptom in Alzheimer’s patients, defined as a lack of motivation, reduced goal-directed behavior, and emotional indifference. It significantly impacts the quality of life of patients and their caregivers, contributing to faster disease progression, greater functional impairment, and increased caregiver burden.
Despite its prevalence, effective treatment options for apathy in Alzheimer’s dementia remain limited. Methylphenidate, a central nervous system stimulant, has been proposed as a potential therapeutic option due to its dopaminergic and noradrenergic mechanisms. This systematic review seeks to evaluate the efficacy and safety of methylphenidate in reducing apathy in patients with Alzheimer’s dementia, aiming to provide evidence-based insights into its clinical utility.",
CRD420250644594,"In patients diagnosed with systemic sclerosis (or CREST syndrome or VEDOSS), how does blood immune cell phenotyping by cytometry serve as a prognostic and/or predictive marker compared to healthy controls and/or other autoimmune disease patients?","Systemic Sclerosis Systemic sclerosis is a rare chronic autoimmune connective tissue disease characterized by fibrosis of the skin, joints and internal organs, and by vascular abnormalities. Its course is unpredictable, and there is no specific treatment to date. Adults with systemic sclerosis, lcSSc, dcSSC, VEDOSS, CREST syndrome, SSc sine scleroderma, or limited SSc. Use of cytometry (flow or mass) for blood immune cells phenotyping in patients with systemic sclerosis.","Patients under the age of 18, patients with localized scleroderma or morphea, animals subjects. Studies using other technological approach than mass or flow cytometry. Studies exclusively reporting cytometry data of tissues other than blood. Groups of patients with autoimmune diseases without separate data on SSc patients."
CRD420250600819,"(1) Are digital physiotherapy interventions associated with better pain, physical function and quality of life outcomes, when compared to physiotherapy care with no or minimal digital components? (2) Which digital platform or/and component of intervention yields the best clinical outcomes? (3) How long can the above-mentioned improvements, if any, be maintained?","Knee osteoarthritis ; Digital intervention; Physiotherapy Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease which leads to the damage of articular cartilage, bone osteophyte formation, sclerosis of the subchondral bone, affecting predominantly 3 components of the knee joint, including medial lateral and patellofemoral joint. Inclusion criteria: Adults (18 yeras old or above) with a diagnosis of knee OA. Diagnostic criteria of knee OA included any one of the following: (1) NICE guideline (2) American College of Rheumatology (ACR) (3) Radiologic evidence of OA according to Kellgren and Lawrence score, grade 2 or above (4) Reported diagnosis by physicians. All stages of OA were considered. Inclusion criteria: At least one component of physiotherapy delivered through the means of digital technologies. The definition of digital technologies would follow the taxonomy as described by the World Health Organisations (WHO). They could include but not limited to web-based interventions, app-based interventions, telephone calls, text messages and digital game. Components of physiotherapy would follow the criteria as described by the NICE guideline, which includes providing information, education and support, therapeutic exercise, weight management and manual therapy alongside therapeutic exercise. Interventions group that could not fulfil the above criteria would be excluded. Inclusion criteria: standard physiotherapy care with no or insignificant components of digital health; or the use of digital physiotherapy care in the control that was not included in its corresponding intervention group","Exclusion criteria: Participants who had, or were on waiting list for knee surgery Exclusion criteria: passive care, such as being on waiting lists; purely medical care, such as medication or surgery."
CRD42024499966,Is there a difference in the viability of stromal vascular fraction cells (SVF) in between the cryopreserved and freshly isolated adipose tissue?,"The viability of stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cells within adipose tissue remains intact across various freezing temperatures. Adipose tissue is recognized for its efficacy as a grafting tool, primarily attributable to the pluripotent regenerative capabilities of SVF cells. Cryopreservation plays a crucial role in enhancing graft retention effects. Therefore, it is imperative to assess the viability of SVF cells in cryopreserved adipose tissue in comparison to freshly isolated adipose tissue. This examination is essential for optimizing an efficient cryopreservation protocol for human adipose tissue.",
CRD42025631153,"Participants: Participants were rheumatoid arthritis patients who met the diagnostic criteria, regardless of age or gender.Intervention: The treatment group was given bee acupuncture or bee acupuncture combined with conventional western medicine.Comparison: The control group was treated with conventional western medicine.Outcome: The main therapeutic indexes were total effective rate,erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and rheumatoid factor (RF). Secondary treatment indicators: VAS pain score, number of joint pain, adverse reactions.Study design. A randomized controlled clinical trial (RCT) of bee acupuncture for RA.","Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common rheumatic immune disease in clinical practice. It often occurs in the small joints of hands and feet and presents with symmetrical attacks. The main manifestations are pain, swelling and functional disorders of the affected joints, and it is prone to recurrence. The global incidence rate is about 0.3% to 1%, and in China, it is about 0.4%.",
CRD420251014877,"What is the efficacy, safety, and impact on quality of life of pharmacological interventions compared to placebo, standard of care, or any other active comparators in adults diagnosed with Polycythemia vera?","Adult patients (≥18 years) diagnosed with Polycythemia vera (PV). Ruxolitinib; Peginterferon Alfa-2b; Interferon Alfa; Recombinant Interferon Alfa-2b; Hydroxyurea; Aspirin Fedratinib, Momelotinib, Pacritinib, Rusfertide, Sapablursen, Divesiran, Vamifeport, Givinostat, Bomedemstat PICO tags selected: Placebo This review will include studies that compare the pharmacological interventions of interest to any of the following comparators: placebo, standard of care (e.g., phlebotomy, aspirin), or any other active pharmacological interventions used in the management of Polycythemia vera. This systematic review and meta-analysis will include randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-randomized controlled trials (comparative and single arm) assessing the efficacy, safety, and quality of life of pharmacological interventions for Polycythemia vera.","Pediatric populations (&lt;18 years), patients with diseases other than Polycythemia vera, mixed myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) where data specific to PV cannot be extracted, or co-diagnosis with other hematological malignancies (e.g., essential thrombocythemia, myelofibrosis). Patients who have not received pharmacological agents as treatment for Polycythemia vera. There will be no exclusion based on comparators. Exclusion criteria are designed to studies not meeting the inclusion criteria or incomplete reporting of outcomes. Specifically, studies focusing on paediatric populations (under 18 years of age), including patients with diseases other than Polycythemia Vera, mixed myeloproliferative neoplasms, or co-diagnosis with other hematological malignancies will be excluded. Publication types and study designs to be excluded are editorials, commentary, letters, narrative reviews, non-systematic reviews, pharmacokinetic or pharmacodynamic studies, animal studies, and in-vitro studies. Furthermore, studies that do not report on key outcomes of interest (hematocrit level, spleen size, JAK2 allelic burden, survival outcomes, adverse events, thrombotic events, or quality of life) will be excluded. Also, publications in language other than English will be excluded."
CRD42024578558,"What is the effectiveness of laser auriculotherapy in managing musculoskeletal pain compared to other conventional treatment methods?
PICOS approach
Population: Individuals with musculoskeletal pain or musculoskeletal disorders
Intervention: laser auriculotherapy
Comparison: Other interventions, placebo, or sham
Primary Outcome: Pain Intensity
Secondary Outcomes: Function or Disability
Studies: Randomized and non-randomized clinical trials","Musculoskeletical pain or musculoskeletal diseases
Musculoskeletical pain: discomfort stemming from muscles, ligaments, tendons, and bones (year introduced:
2012). MeSH (Medical Subject Headings)
Musculoskeletal Diseases:Diseases of the muscles and their associated ligaments and other connective
tissue and of the bones and cartilage viewed collectively (year introduced: 1992). MeSH (Medical Subject
Headings)",
CRD42025649170,"General Review Questions
What are the primary pathogenetic mechanisms linking smoking and smokeless tobacco use to oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC)?
How do the carcinogenic compounds in smoking and smokeless tobacco contribute to OSCC at the molecular and cellular levels?
What are the differences in the pathophysiological pathways of OSCC induced by smoking tobacco versus smokeless tobacco?
Which genetic and epigenetic alterations are associated with tobacco-induced OSCC?
How do oxidative stress and inflammatory pathways contribute to the development of OSCC in tobacco users?
Tobacco-Specific Questions
What are the key differences in carcinogen metabolism between smoking and smokeless tobacco users?
How does the route of tobacco exposure (smoked vs. chewed) influence the initiation and progression of OSCC?
What role do nitrosamines and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) play in the development of OSCC in smokers vs. smokeless tobacco users?
Clinical & Epidemiological Review Questions
What are the reported incidence and prevalence rates of OSCC in smokers versus smokeless tobacco users?
How do lifestyle and environmental factors interact with tobacco use in the pathogenesis of OSCC?
Are there any differences in OSCC prognosis and survival rates between smokers and smokeless tobacco users?
Preventive & Therapeutic Insights
What are the potential biomarkers for early detection of OSCC in tobacco users?
How effective are current interventions in preventing OSCC in tobacco users?
What are the emerging therapeutic targets for tobacco-induced OSCC?
Would you like to refine these questions further based on specific aspects of your review?","Oral squamous cell carcinoma is a type of oral cancer that develops within the thin squamous cells that line your mouth and throat. It may appear as slow-growing skin lesions that may ulcerate and cause scarring of the oral cavity, making it difficult to eat, swallow food, or even to speak. The treatment of choice is a surgical excision with clear margins followed by radiation therapy or chemotherapy.",
CRD42021236702,This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of berberine alone for several metabolic disorder disease. We also evaluate the factors which may influence the therapeutic effect base on subgroup analysis.,"Metabolic activity is the basic life activity of the human body and the fundamental for maintaining body functions. With the improvement of living standards, the incidence of metabolic disorder diseases is also increasing year by year. Most metabolic disorder diseases lack a radical cure, and the existing treatment measures have delayed the course of the disease and reduced complications. At present, most of the clinical treatment strategies and meta-analysis for metabolic disorder diseases are combined medicines, however, there is not enough evidence to disclose the therapeutic effect of the berberine treatment without any combination and the possible factors affecting the efficacy. The purpose of this study is to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature to evaluate the therapeutic effect of Berberine in metabolic disorder disease.",
CRD42024612967,"Primary Question: Which is the evidence that immune-mediated adverse reactions (allergies) are caused by ingestion of peas and derived ingredients?


Secondary Question: Which pea protein molecules are recognized by the immune system in individuals and are responsible for causing IgE-mediated allergies to peas and derived ingredients?","The condition being studied is a food allergy, specifically relating to the ingestion of peas. Food allergies occur when the immune system mistakenly targets certain food proteins. Symptoms can range from mild reactions, like hives or gastrointestinal discomfort, to severe and potentially life-threatening responses such as anaphylaxis. Food allergies can significantly impact the quality of life, often limiting dietary choices and requiring careful management to avoid accidental exposure to allergens.",
CRD42023417259,"To evaluate the efficacy and safety of "" Earth-banking up to Generate Metal"" Method in Chinese Herbal Medicine in treatment of stroke-associated pneumonia(SAP) by using Bayesian network meta-analysis","Stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP) is a common poststroke complication with a prevalence rate of 11.3–31.3%. Despite remarkable advances in the care of acute stroke patients, the outcomes of SAP are still poor, including prolonged hospitalisation, high incidence of severe disability, and high in-hospital mortality rate. It is difficult to diagnose SAP because of the low sensitivity of X-ray examination and sputum culture.",
CRD42024555765,"The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy of Traditional Chinese Medicine decoction in promoting the recovery of gastrointestinal function in postoperative patients with Colorectal Cancer through systematic evaluation and Meta-analysis. We will include Randomised controlled trials comparing Traditional Chinese Medicine decoction with standard treatment or placebo in the recovery of gastrointestinal function after surgery. Primary outcome indicators will include time to recovery of gastrointestinal function, hospitalization time, et al. Through this study, we expect to provide a scientific basis for the treatment of postoperative patients with Colorectal Cancer and provide guidance for clinical practice.","This study aims to investigate gastrointestinal dysfunction following Colorectal Cancer. In recent years, the morbidity and mortality of malignant tumors have continued to rise globally. Surgery is a common treatment for Colorectal Cancer. However, anesthesia, surgical straining, inflammatory stimulation, and prolonged bed rest can impact the recovery of gastrointestinal function in patients. This study will focus on the randomized controlled trial of the effect of oral Traditional Chinese Medicine on the recovery of gastrointestinal function after Colorectal Cancer surgery. It will adopt a systematic evaluation method to analyze the clinical efficacy, aiming to provide an evidence-based basis for clinical practice. 1. Colorectal cancer patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery 2. Postoperative gastrointestinal dysfunction Members of the experimental cohort incorporated Traditional Chinese Medicine decoction into their oral or nasal feeding regimen supplementary to that of the control group, subsequent to which therapeutic response was meticulously evaluated. Subject to incumbent treatment, patients in the observational cohort were administered routine nursing care, enteral/parenteral nutritional supplementation, or swift rehabilitation intervention.",
CRD42022379713,What is the estimated 1-year mortality rate after cardiac stereotactic body radiation therapy for refractory ventricular arrhythmias?,"Ventricular tachycardia (VT) is a life-threatening heart rhythm disorder that can result in sudden cardiac death. Radiofrequency catheter ablation is the current state-of-the-art treatment for drug refractory VT. However, patients with failed catheter ablations or contra-indicated to the procedure have poor prognosis in terms of morbidity and mortality and have no therapeutic alternative besides anti-arrhythmic therapy. Thanks to decades of technological improvements, stereotactic body radiation therapy has been shown to be efficient to precisely target solid tumors and is commonly used, with high rates of tumor control and low rates of toxic effects. Multiple low-dose ionizing radiation beams are delivered from multiple angles, concentrating ablative energy at the target tissue. This technology has recently been evaluated for the treatment of refractory VT, as a bailout strategy, with favorable preliminary results. Very limited data exists regarding 1-year survival after cardiac SBRT for refractory VT.",
CRD42023414499,"The aim of this realist review is to develop a program theory that explains: -
i. The causal mechanisms by which the symptomatic management of breathlessness might be improved using hypnotherapy interventions.
ii. The contextual factors outside of the hypnotherapy intervention that these mechanisms may interact with to produce an effect.
iii. The outcomes that may arise (both positive and negative) from this interaction.","Hypnotherapy Interventions , Chronic Conditions with Breathlessness as a Symptom",
CRD420250605060,What is the predictive accuracy and clinical utility of machine learning models that incorporate pre-procedural clinical and radiological data in forecasting favourable outcomes (defined as a modified Rankin Scale score ≤ 2 at 90 days) for patients with large vessel occlusion (LVO) undergoing endovascular thrombectomy (EVT)?,"Thrombectomy; Endovascular Revascularization This systematic review focuses on acute ischemic stroke (AIS) caused by large vessel occlusion (LVO). The healthcare domain involves the predictive performance of machine learning (ML) models in forecasting clinical outcomes for patients undergoing endovascular thrombectomy (EVT). This treatment mechanically restores blood flow by removing the clot. Predicting favourable functional outcomes, typically defined as a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score ≤ 2 at 90 days, is crucial to optimise patient selection and improve therapeutic strategies for EVT. Participants diagnosed with acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) involving large vessel occlusion (LVO), are eligible for endovascular thrombectomy (EVT).Studies utilising machine learning (ML) models that incorporate pre-procedural radiological imaging data, with or without clinical data, to predict outcomes.Primary outcome: Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score ≤ 2 (functional independence) at 90 days, measured by AUC or sensitivity and specificity.Eligible designs: RCTs, cohort studies, case-control studies, and observational studies.Only full-text studies published in English were included. Intervention: Endovascular Thrombectomy (EVT):EVT is a mechanical procedure to remove clots from blocked large arteries, such as the internal carotid, middle cerebral, or basilar arteries, using devices like stent retrievers or aspiration catheters.Studies must include patients eligible for EVT based on clinical and radiological assessment.Exposure: Machine Learning (ML) Models:ML models that use pre-procedural radiological imaging data (e.g., CT, MRI, or angiography) with or without additional clinical data to predict patient outcomes after EVT.The models should predict favourable functional outcomes, typically measured by a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score ≤ 2 at 90 days.ML models must report performance metrics such as Area Under the Curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, or related confusion matrix data.","Studies not focused on AIS with LVO or not using ML models for post-thrombectomy outcome prediction. Studies without mRS score reporting or using intra/post-procedural data in ML models. Review articles, meta-analyses, editorials, case reports, abstracts, conference presentations, or studies without full-text availability were excluded. Intervention: Studies that do not include endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) as part of the treatment strategy for LVO stroke patients. Exposure: ML models that incorporate intra-procedural or post-procedural data for prediction. Studies using non-ML methods or traditional clinical scoring systems without machine learning involvement. Models that do not report mRS scores or lack predictive performance measures such as AUC, sensitivity, or specificity."
CRD420251003754,"A network meta-analysis was conducted to indirectly compare the efficacy and safety profiles of Dupilumab, Mepolizumab, Tezepelumab, and Omalizumab, providing evidence-based insights to optimize individualized therapeutic decision-making for patients with heterogeneous inflammatory endotypes.","Adult patients (≥18 years old and of both sexes) with CRSwNP Dupilomab ; Omalizumab; Mepolizumab; Tezepelumab; Monoclonal Antibodies Monoclonal antibodies (omalizumab, dupilumab and mepolizumab, tezepelumab) used for the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis PICO tags selected: Placebo",Adolescents (under 18 years of age) and elderly people (over 70)
CRD420250648714,The effectiveness and safety of targeted nucleic acid delivery mediated by lipid nanoparticles (LNP) of various configurations for the tumor size reduction and median survival time of malignant liver tumors in murine models compared with placebo.,"The models of liver malignant neoplasms C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice, 4-8 weeks old LNP-mediated nucleic acids antitumor therapy; LNPs in different formulations, dosage; duration and frequency of LNP administration","other age, other species usage of other vectors and therapeutic agents absent of control or other"
CRD420250641766,"A. Primary research question(s):1. What is the association between PON1 gene polymorphisms and the risk of developing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and related complications?2. How do PON1 polymorphisms influence oxidative stress and related complications in T2DM patients?3. What is the impact of specific PON1 polymorphisms on enzyme activity and serum levels in T2DM patients?4. Do patients with high-risk PON1 genotypes ( R192 or L55 alleles) benefit from more aggressive cardiovascular risk reduction strategies in T2DM?5. What is the prevalence of different PON1 gene polymorphisms among adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM)?B. Secondary research question(s):1. Do variations in PON1 gene polymorphisms correlate with microvascular complications (e.g., retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy) in T2DM?2. What is the role of PON1 promoter region polymorphisms in regulating serum enzyme levels in T2DM patients?3. How do environmental factors, such as diet and lifestyle, interact with PON1 polymorphisms to modulate the risk of T2DM?4. Are specific PON1 genotypes (e.g., R192 and L55 alleles) associated with an increased risk of macrovascular complications, such as atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease, in T2DM?5. What are the implications of PON1 polymorphisms for developing targeted therapeutic strategies for T2DM and its complications?","Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus; Genetic Polymorphism; Complication In this study, the population includes individuals with diabetes. Exposure with the PON1 gene, and the expected outcome is to understand whether this gene increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. The liver synthesizes the PON1 enzyme, which is critical in enhancing high-density lipoproteins' antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties (HDL). PON1 binds to HDL particles and uses its capacity to hydrolyze oxidized lipids in low-density lipoproteins (LDL). The functional implications of variations in the PON1 gene, namely the leucine-to-methionine substitution at codon 55 (L55M) and the glutamine-to-arginine substitution at codon 192 (Q192R), have been thoroughly investigated. Reduced PON1 activity has been linked to increased oxidative stress, which exacerbates both microvascular complications, such as retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy, and macrovascular issues, including coronary artery disease, in T2DM patients. Certain alleles, such as R192 and L55, may further elevate the risk of complications by altering enzyme functionality. Identifying high-risk groups and developing focused treatment approaches require an understanding of the relationship between PON1 polymorphisms and T2DM problems. This systematic review aims to create some of the most recent research on PON1 polymorphisms' genetics and function, with a focus on their role in type 2 diabetes and related vascular outcomes. Inclusion Criteria:1. Study Design: Cohort studies, case-control studies, cross-sectional studies, clinical trials, and case reports.2. Population: Adults diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM).3. Exposure: Presence of PON1 gene polymorphisms (e.g., Q192R, L55M).5. Outcome: Reported association with T2DM risk, progression, or related clinical markers (e.g., HbA1c levels, insulin resistance). Exclusion Criteria 1. Population: Studies focusing on individuals diagnosed with conditions other than Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), such as Type 1 Diabetes, gestational diabetes, or non-diabetic populations.2. Interventions/Exposure: Studies that do not examine PON1 gene polymorphisms or studies focusing on other genetic variants unrelated to PON1 (e.g., non-genetic interventions).3. Outcome: Studies that do not report on the association between PON1 polymorphisms and T2DM or its clinical markers (e.g., studies without outcome data on HbA1c levels, insulin resistance, or T2DM progression). Genetic testing; Paraoxon A. Inclusion Criteria Intervention(s), exposureThe presence of polymorphisms in the PON1 gene, with a focus on the variants: Q192R (substitution of arginine for glutamine at position 192). L55M (substitution of leucine for methionine at position 55).B. Exclusion Criteria Intervention(s), exposure1. Studies that focus on genetic variants unrelated to PON1 or do not investigate PON1 gene polymorphisms.2. Studies that do not examine the effect of PON1 polymorphisms and instead focus on non-genetic interventions such as dietary changes, medications, or environmental influences. PICO tags selected: Active control","1. Population: Studies focusing on individuals diagnosed with conditions other than Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), such as Type 1 Diabetes, gestational diabetes, or non-diabetic populations. 2. Interventions/Exposure: Studies that do not examine PON1 gene polymorphisms or focus on other genetic variants unrelated to PON1 (e.g., non-genetic interventions).  3. Outcome: Studies that do not report on the association between PON1 polymorphisms and T2DM or its clinical markers (e.g., studies without outcome data on HbA1c levels, insulin resistance, or T2DM progression)."
CRD42024612487,"Stroke is the leading cause of disability and death in Chinese adults, and most people with this condition are left with upper extremity motor deficits and adverse effects. There is a well-established paradigm for the treatment of upper extremity motor dysfunction using a combined central-peripheral therapeutic modality. Transcranial direct current stimulation is widely used as non-invasive brain stimulation. Different combination therapies and their intervention effects have been explored, but there are no uniform conclusions and few direct comparisons of the effects of different rehabilitation treatments. Therefore, in this study, we introduced a meta-analysis of the combination of transcranial direct current stimulation and seven common peripheral therapies for the treatment of upper limb motor dysfunction after stroke to compare their clinical efficacy, with the aim of providing a reference for the scientific selection of upper limb motor function rehabilitation methods.","Stroke is a clinical condition caused by cerebrovascular disease that can result in focal (or global) brain tissue dysfunction lasting more than 24 hours or leading to death. Most stroke patients still have different degrees of limb motor dysfunction after rehabilitation, and upper limb dysfunction is more severe than lower limb, and functional recovery is more difficult, which seriously affects patients' daily life and work. In recent years, mid-peripheral models of hemiplegia in stroke have emerged, and scholars at home and abroad have explored the effects of a large number of interventions, but the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation combined with other therapies have not yet been conclusive, so the present study hoped to conduct a network meta-analysis of the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation combined with different rehabilitation therapies on the recovery of upper limb motor function in stroke.",
CRD420250640198,To assess whether using the PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors can enhance the improvement of clinical symptoms and survival rate in patients with thyroid cancer,"Thyroid Cancer; Monoclonal Antibodies; Anti-PD-1 antibodies; Anti-PD-L1 antibodies; Symptom Management ""Thyroid cancer is a malignancy originating from the thyroid gland, which is one of the most common endocrine cancers worldwide. It includes several subtypes, such as papillary, follicular, medullary, and anaplastic thyroid cancer. The management of thyroid cancer, particularly advanced or refractory cases, remains challenging. Immune checkpoint inhibitors, specifically PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors, have emerged as a promising therapeutic approach by enhancing the immune system's ability to target and destroy cancer cells. This systematic review aims to evaluate the therapeutic potential of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibition in the management of thyroid cancer."" Inclusion criteria: Patients diagnosed with thyroid cancer(e.g., papillary, follicular, medullary, anaplastic).Exclusion criteria: Patients diagnosed as not having thyroid cancer. PD-1 and PD-L1 inhibitors will be the main interventions. This study will compare PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors with the following control groups:1.Standard therapies (surgery, radioactive iodine therapy, chemotherapy, tyrosine kinase inhibitors).2.No active treatment groups (supportive care or watchful waiting).3.Placebo (in randomized clinical trials).Inclusion criteria: Studies comparing PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors with standard therapies, placebo, or other targeted treatments. Studies providing sufficient data on clinical outcomes (e.g., overall survival, progression-free survival, and adverse events).Exclusion criteria: Studies without appropriate control or comparator groups. Studies focusing exclusively on other interventions without comparison to PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors. Studies with insufficient or unclear data on clinical outcomes",
CRD420250594439,General objective:,"Skeletal Malocclusion; Malocclusion, Angle Class III; Machine learning; Artificial intelligence Craniofacial anomalies: class III skeletal malocclusion Inclusion criteria:Population from 6 to 65 years old, diagnosed with skeletal class III. Diagnosis from artificial intelligence tools: interpretation of medical images in skeletal class III patients to determine subphenotypes, from specific cephalometric points.Prognosis: predictive factors of disease progression (skeletal class III malocclusion) and its therapeutic management. In this study, the control group is the same patient at different points in time. PICO tags selected: Machine learning; Artificial intelligence; Diagnostic algorithm There will be no control group because only the findings of the medical images and their interpretation using artificial intelligence tools will be described.","Exclusion criteria: population with a history of trauma in the craniofacial region, patients with growth disorders, syndromic patients with the presence of asymmetry related to the syndrome, individuals with craniofacial anomalies."
CRD420251009928,This study will define the microbial ecology and co-occurrence patterns of microorganisms in subgingival plaque in cases of peri-implant mucositis and periimplantitis identified by both conventional/cultural analysis and molecular methods.,"Population will include studies in which: 1. The diagnosis of peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis as defined by the diagnostic criteria established in the 2017 World workshop; 2. Sequencing or robust culture methodologies (including aerobic and anaerobic culture) have been employed to define the microbiota of the peri-implant tissues 3. The results of the analyses are described at species level. Dental Endosseous Implant; Microbiology test The study will define the bacterial community associations within the peri-implant tissues i.e. associated with end osseous dental implants based on the results of microbiology sampling of these tissues in prior studies. Any type of study, except those presenting secondary data (reviews, systematic reviews, meta-analyses).","The main exclusion categories will be studies in which 1. The diagnosis of peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis is not defined by all of the diagnostic criteria established in the 2017 World workshop 2. The study was undertaken before 2017 3. Sequencing or robust culture methodologies (including aerobic and anaerobic culture) have not been employed to define the microbiota of the peri-implant tissues 3. The results of the analyses are not described at species level and/or 4. In the case of exclusion 3, the authors do not agree to share this data if available"
CRD420250632333,his study aims to investigate the changes in gut microbiota in benign prostatic hyperplasia.,"Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common male urological problem worldwide. These conditions pose a heavy economic burden on society and can lead to lower urinary tract symptoms in men, such as frequent urination, urgent urination, nocturia, hesitancy in urination, and reduced urine volume. The gut microbiota is one of the important factors in maintaining the homeostasis between host health and diseases, including intestinal homeostasis, the function of the intestinal mucosal barrier, inflammation, immune regulation, and metabolic balance. Therefore, it is of great importance to study the changes in the gut microbiota in benign prostatic hyperplasia, aiming to explore the possible pathogenic mechanisms and potential pathways for prevention and treatment by targeting the gut microbiota. Inclusion criteria: Clinical/preclinical original studies; studies on the impact of the gut microbiota on benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH); studies on the correlation between BPH and the composition of the gut microbiota.Exclusion criteria: Review articles; studies that do not involve the impact of the gut microbiota on BPH; studies lacking baseline characteristic data; non-English articles. testosterone (5 mg/kg) was administered to the rats of the BPH group or Benign prostatic hyperplasia patients NA",
CRD420251025757,Primary Question:,"Inclusion: Adult humans (≥18 years) with or without metabolic disorders (e.g., obesity, type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome). Exclusion: Animal studies, pediatric populations, in vitro studies  Any form of A. muciniphila (probiotic, pasteurized, or FMT-derived). PICO tags selected: Placebo no intervention, or other probiotics. Inclusion Criteria • Study Design: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), non-randomized controlled trials, and before-after studies. • Participants: Human adults (≥18 years). • Intervention: Any form of A. muciniphila (probiotic, pasteurized, or FMT-derived). • Outcomes: At least one metabolic parameter (glucose, lipids, BMI, etc.). • Language: No restrictions (non-English studies will be translated if feasible).","• Animal or in vitro studies. • Case reports, reviews, or conference abstracts without full data. Adolescents (under 18 years of age) and elderly people (over 70). PICO Framework: • Population (P): Adult humans (≥18 years) with or without metabolic disorders (obesity, type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, NAFLD). • Intervention (I): Akkermansia muciniphila (live or pasteurized) supplementation. • Comparator (C): Placebo, no intervention, or other probiotics. • Outcomes (O): o Primary: Fasting glucose, HbA1c, body weight/BMI. o Secondary: Lipid profile (LDL, HDL, triglycerides), inflammatory markers (CRP, IL-6), gut microbiota composition. • Animal or in vitro studies. • Adolescents (under 18 years of age) and elderly people (over 70). • Case reports, reviews, or conference abstracts without full data. • Studies without a control group."
CRD420250375725,"Primary Question:
What are the injury mechanisms, clinical characteristics, imaging findings, and prognostic outcomes in children and adolescents with spinal cord injury without radiologic abnormality (SCIWORA)?
Specific Sub-questions:
What are the most common injury mechanisms (e.g., sports injuries, traffic accidents, falls) associated with SCIWORA in children and adolescents?
What are the demographic and clinical characteristics (e.g., age, ASIA scores, injury severity) of pediatric SCIWORA patients?
What is the prevalence of specific spinal cord injury locations (e.g., cervical vs. thoracic) in pediatric SCIWORA cases?
What is the frequency of abnormal MRI findings in pediatric SCIWORA patients, and how do these findings correlate with clinical outcomes?
What are the prognostic outcomes (e.g., neurological improvement, persistent deficits, mortality) in children and adolescents with SCIWORA?
Are there any significant correlations between age, initial injury severity, and long-term outcomes in pediatric SCIWORA patients?
What are the implications of MRI timing and frequency in diagnosing and managing SCIWORA in children and adolescents?
These questions are framed using the PI(E)COS framework:
Population: Children and adolescents (≤18 years old) with SCIWORA.
Intervention/Exposure: Not applicable (observational studies).
Comparison: Not applicable (single-arm meta-analysis).
Outcome: Injury mechanisms, clinical characteristics, imaging findings, and prognostic outcomes.
Study Design: Retrospective and observational studies.","The condition being studied in this systematic review is **Spinal Cord Injury Without Radiologic Abnormality (SCIWORA)** in children and adolescents. SCIWORA is a rare but serious spinal cord injury characterized by clinical signs of spinal cord dysfunction without evidence of fractures or dislocations on standard radiographic imaging. It is most commonly associated with trauma, such as sports injuries or traffic accidents, and primarily affects the cervical spine. The condition poses diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to its subtle presentation, delayed onset of symptoms, and reliance on advanced imaging techniques like MRI for detection. This review aims to analyze the injury mechanisms, clinical characteristics, imaging findings, and prognostic outcomes of SCIWORA in pediatric populations to provide evidence-based insights for its prevention, diagnosis, and management.",
CRD420251017179,"To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of neuromodulation therapies for individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), compared to sham stimulation or standard care. Specifically, the review aims to:","Individuals of any age diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) based on recognized diagnostic criteria (e.g., DSM-5, ICD-10, ADOS, or ADI-R). Participants undergoing neuromodulation therapies, including but not limited to transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), or deep brain stimulation (DBS). Studies involving both children and adults with ASD. Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation; Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation; Deep Brain Stimulation PICO tags selected: Sham Intervention ; Control Unit Sham rTMS, sham tDCS, or a control group receiving no intervention. Studies with an active control arm are also accepted. DBS studies are exempted considering the ethical constraints on the use of control groups with invasive brain surgery/stimulation","Studies focusing solely on individuals with other primary neurodevelopmental or psychiatric disorders (e.g., ADHD, schizophrenia) without a confirmed ASD diagnosis. Animal studies, case reports, conference abstracts, reviews, or protocols without full outcome data. Studies not reporting clinical, behavioral, or cognitive outcomes related to the effects of neuromodulation on ASD."
CRD42024516520,A Study on Therapeutic Impact and Safety Profile of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor Stabilizers for Kidney Disease-Related Anemia in Patients undergoing dialysis and Patients who are not receiving dialysis.,"The systematic review focuses on kidney disease-related anemia in patients undergoing dialysis and those not receiving dialysis. The study examines the therapeutic impact and safety profile of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor (HIF) stabilizers, specifically exploring their effectiveness and safety in the treatment of anemia associated with kidney disease in both dialysis and non-dialysis patient populations.",
CRD42023450441,Is this ipsilateral acupuncture more effectiveness than contralateral acupuncture?,"Several studies have indicated that acupuncture treatment regulates the pain modulator system and chronic
pain.
Acupuncture can be performed on the affected side of the patient, which is ipsilateral acupuncture, in which
the needle is on the same side as the patient's complaint. Or contralateral acupuncture may be performed,
on the healthy side of the individual",
CRD420251031557,This systematic review aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of laser-assisted drug delivery (LADD) for the treatment of vitiligo when used in combination with topical therapies.,"Inclusion Criteria: Patients of any age with a clinical diagnosis of any subtype of vitiligo (segmental, non-segmental, generalized, acral, etc.). Laser therapy; Low Level Laser Therapy; Diode Laser; Laser Surgery; Femtosecond Pulsed Laser; Laser Resurfacing Of Skin; Carbon Dioxide Laser; Erbium Yttrium Aluminum Garnet Laser Device; Yttrium-aluminum-garnet Laser; Q-switching Laser Device; Neon Gas Laser Device; Application Of Topical Agent To Skin; Skin Care: Topical Treatments; Corticosteroids - Topical; Clobetasol; Calcineurin inhibitor; Vitamin D and analogues; Fluorouracil Laser-assisted delivery of topical agents for vitiligo using any ablative or non-ablative laser modality, including but not limited to: -Fractional CO₂ laser -Er:YAG laser -Non-ablative fractional lasers Topical agents may include corticosteroids, calcineurin inhibitors, vitamin D analogues, 5-fluorouracil, prostaglandin analogues, or other repigmenting agents.  Primary research studies including all observational and interventional designs, such as: -Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) -Non-randomized controlled trials -Prospective or retrospective cohort studies -Case series and case reports (with sufficient treatment detail)","Exclusion Criteria: Non-vitiligo patients, Animal studies, non-human models. Use of lasers without follow-up topical therapy. Phototherapy-only protocols (e.g., excimer laser alone). Studies using microneedling or dermabrasion for delivery instead of laser. Systematic reviews, meta-analyses, editorials, commentaries, and opinion pieces (unless they include extractable primary data). Animal or in vitro studies. Unpublished articles, pre-prints, conference proceedings"
CRD42022383032,This study aimed to clarify the efficacy of the combined treatment regimens involving PARP Inhibitors and novel hormonal agent and provided certain reference for clinical drug treatment in refractory metastatic prostate cancer patient with different homologous recombination deficiency status.,metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer,
CRD42024581574,What is the effectiveness and Safety of Acupuncture when used alongside conventional treatment in managing pneumonia?,"Pneumonia; Lower Respiratory Tract Infection; Acupuncture; Electroacupuncture Pneumonia is a lung infection that causes inflammation in the parenquima pulmonar , which can lead to the accumulation of fluid or pus, making it difficult to breathe leading to a disruption of normal gas exchange causing symptoms like cough, fever, and shortness of breath.It is typically caused by viruses or bacteria, and can be spread through direct contact or by inhaling respiratory droplets. In some cases, a viral infection like the flu can lead to a secondary bacterial infection. Less commonly, pneumonia can result from fungal or parasitic infections, or from inhaling foreign substances, like food or vomit, which is known as aspiration pneumonia. Acupuncture; Acupressure The intervention group will consist of patients who have been diagnosed with pneumonia and are being treated with acupuncture. This group receives acupuncture as the main therapeutic approach, which may include techniques such as manual acupuncture, electroacupuncture or related procedures. This group also includes individuals who receive acupuncture in addition to conventional . PICO tags selected: Usual Care; Placebo The comparator group will consist of patients with pneumonia who do not receive acupuncture as part of their treatment.",
CRD420250641501,"Does the use of albumin in critically ill patients provide significant clinical outcomes over alternative treatments, considering its cost-effectiveness and potential for inappropriate use?","Use of albumin in critically ill patients for resuscitation, management of hypoalbuminemia, and as a replacement fluid during therapeutic plasma exchange. Adult ICU patients (≥18 years) receiving albumin for resuscitation, hypoalbuminemia management, or plasma exchange. Administration of human albumin in critical care settings, particularly for volume resuscitation, management of hypoalbuminemia, and as a replacement fluid during therapeutic plasma exchange. Alternative interventions, specifically crystalloids or other colloid solutions. Standard ICU care practices without albumin administration may also be used as comparators.","pediatric patients, patients outside intensive care, potential organ donors"
CRD42025630528,"What is the prevalence of sarcopenia among patients with hip fractures, and what are the independent risk factors associated with the development of sarcopenia in this patient population?","This systematic review focuses on sarcopenia in patients with hip fractures. Sarcopenia is an age-related loss of muscle mass and function that increases the risk of falls and fractures, particularly among those with hip fractures. This condition not only affects patients' recovery and quality of life but also leads to long-term disability and mortality. The presence of sarcopenia further complicates the treatment and rehabilitation process following hip fractures, as it is associated with postoperative complications and slower recovery. Identifying the prevalence and risk factors of sarcopenia is crucial for improving patient outcomes and guiding clinical practice. This review aims to synthesize existing evidence to assess the prevalence of sarcopenia in patients with hip fractures and explore its potential risk factors, with the goal of providing more accurate diagnostic and therapeutic guidance for clinical practice.",
CRD42024593173,"Population (P): Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis (KOA)。Intervention (I): Traditional Chinese Exercises（Description: This includes but is not limited to Tai Chi, Qigong, Yijinjing, and other traditional Chinese practices.）。Comparison (C): No intervention or alternative interventions。Outcome (O): Gait-related parameters, such as stride length and walking speed。Review Question：What is the impact of traditional Chinese exercises on gait parameters, specifically stride length and walking speed, in patients with knee osteoarthritis?","Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a prevalent degenerative joint disease that impairs mobility and quality of life in the elderly population. It manifests through joint pain, stiffness, and functional limitations, particularly affecting the gait mechanics. Traditional Chinese exercises, such as Tai Chi, Qigong, and Yijinjing, have been historically employed not only for general health promotion but also for the therapeutic management of chronic conditions. These practices emphasize whole-body harmony and balance, which may potentially improve gait dynamics and overall functional mobility in KOA patients. Existing research provides varied results regarding their effectiveness, necessitating a comprehensive meta-analysis to evaluate and synthesize the available evidence on their impact on specific gait parameters in this population.",
CRD420250648844,"Among people diagnosed with anxiety or depression, is chromotherapy effective in reducing symptoms compared to no treatment or other interventions?""+If effective, what is the magnitude of the reduction in anxiety and depression symptoms attributed to chromotherapy?","Chromotherapy is an integrative and complementary health practice that uses wavelengths in the visible spectrum to promote well-being and treat various medical conditions. As a millennia-old practice, chromotherapy has been referenced in ancient civilizations such as the Egyptian, Chinese, and Indian cultures (Azeemi et al., 2019). According to these authors, chromotherapy has demonstrated effectiveness in several medical conditions, including dengue fever, insomnia, diabetes, psychiatric disorders, hypertension, immune function, hyperacidity, wound healing, and chronic joint disorders. Therefore, understanding the potential use of chromotherapy as a complementary therapy requires assessing its effectiveness in clinical practice for specific conditions. The target population of this study comprises people of any age and gender, diagnosed with anxiety or depression conditions. Studies that adopt any diagnostic criteria to define participants suffering from anxiety or depression conditions will be included, considering the evolution of classification systems over time. There will be no restrictions on the study setting, including research conducted in clinical, community, or other settings. Classification systems must go through different editions of DSM and ICD. Chromotherapy is a therapeutic practice that uses light at different frequencies, which correspond to the colors of the visible solar spectrum – red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet – or even invisible to the human eye. Each color has a specific wavelength, capable of interacting with the organism and generating physiological and energetic responses. Do not confuse intense light therapy (bright light therapy).Studies in which chromotherapy was combined with another treatment will be considered eligible, as long as the control group was subjected to the same treatment except for chromotherapy. Patients who were not subjected to chromotherapy treatment and may even be subjected to other interventions.",
CRD420250654634,What are the effects of whole-body vibration in individuals with chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy?What are the outcomes of this intervention in these individuals?,"Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy; Cipn - Chemotherapy-induced Peripheral Neuropathy Peripheral neuropathy is a manifestation of neurotoxicity considered one of the adverse effects of chemotherapy treatment. Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy develops due to the neurotoxicity of chemotherapy agents used to treat cancer in the body. These agents affect the cells and their structural components, altering and modifying cellular functions and intracellular systems such as ion channels, which can lead to oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction. It is a combination of symptoms related to the structural deficits of peripheral neurons and their sensory nerves, resulting in numbness, tingling, burning sensations, and decreased or loss of sensitivity in the affected areas, commonly in the extremities of the body, such as hands and feet. Motor impairment, such as loss of strength, is commonly found in this population. The participants to be studied in this review are individuals with chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy, individuals with other conditions leading to peripheral neuropathy will be excluded. One of the therapeutic resources available for rehabilitation is whole-body vibration, which consists of a platform that generates vibratory oscillations. The mechanical energy produced is transferred from the platform to the human body, which resonates with this energy. Vibratory devices vary widely, but they share a common characteristic: standing on the platform. The main difference lies in how the energy is transmitted through the oscillations/vibrations, which can be either lateral-alternating or synchronized transmission to both feet. Both alternatives produce neurophysiological responses, including increased intramuscular temperature, enhanced cutaneous and muscular perfusion, pain reduction, improved strength, better postural oscillation, enhanced movement control, and decreased discomfort caused by sensory alterations. Studies using a vibration platform as an intervention for chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy will be included, while other studies with different interventions will be excluded. Any other intervention or no intervention.",
CRD420250644776,"People who experienced DISH with metabolic triggers, including obesity, diabetes, and other metabolic conditions.","People with Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis (DISH) and Metabolic Disturbances Such as Obesity, Hypertension, Diabetes, and Dyslipidemia People who experienced DISH with metabolic triggers, including obesity, diabetes, and other metabolic conditions. patients with Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis (DISH) contributed by systemic metabolic conditions (diabetes, obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension The same pathology without metabolic syndrome","conditions other than DISH (e.g., other causes of spinal ligament calcification or ossification"
CRD42018089928,"A quantitative review of the patient characteristics (tumour type, age and sex) represented in interventional studies of depression in adults with cancer.",Depression in people with cancer.,
CRD42024575485,"10.Nowadays, due to the use of barbiturates, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and opioids. A large proportion of migraine patients are Under great economic pressure.According to the epidemiological survey and long-term drug treatment can lead to a variety of adverse events, seriously affecting patients’ normal life.We need to find a new treatment to treat the migraine.At present, there are many clinical randomized trials using acupuncture to treat migraine, but the quality of the articles is uneven. The aim of this meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials is to evaluate the efficacy of electroacupuncture for migraine , so as to provide a theoretical reference and further promotion for the clinical practice.","migraine is a clinical refractory disease,, which can be caused by various causes and is a disease with a high incidence. According to the relevant literature reports, the annual prevalence of migraine in various countries ranges from 3.3% to 32.6% in women and 0.7% to 16.1% in men.migraine is difficult to cure clinically, and there is no effective treatment method at present, and the long-term use of western drugs has certain risks.
Currently, the use of electroacupuncture has unique advantages in the treatment of this disease, which can improve the symptoms of patients, and improve the quality of life of patients. Reduce the stress of medical treatment. Hence, this study evaluate the efficacy of electroacupuncture in the treatment of migraine to provide a reliable evidence-based basis for the clinical application.",
CRD42021272896,"The therapeutic options for chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL) have expanded rapidly over the last 5 years. Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibition with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) including ibrutinib, acalabrutinib, and zanubrutinib have emerged as the recommended frontline treatment for both standard and high-risk CLL. While the efficacy of ibrutinib and acalabrutinib are reported to be similar, the toxicity profiles and dosing regimens differ. Zanubrutinib is a third and the newest BTK inhibitor (BTKi) that was approved by the U.S Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for relapsed or refractory mantle cell lymphoma and is now included in the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) recommendations for first and second line treatment in CLL/SLL. This paper therefore seeks to compare these three TKIs in terms of response, survival, and toxicities in the treatment of CLL/SLL, when used in either the frontline setting and/or relapsed/refractory disease. We anticipate that the results of this systematic review will guide the selection of BTK inhibitor use in patients with CLL/SLL.","Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most common leukemia in the Western world, most commonly affecting older adults and males. CLL/SLL has a variable prognosis and disease course. Treatment options for CLL, including the BTK inhibitors, have been rapidly expanding in the last decade.",
CRD420250656117,"In in vivo and in vitro models, do parasitic infections contribute to cancer development, or do they provide protective effects against cancer, compared to uninfected models?","Parasitic infection; Cancer; Carcinogenicity This review examines the impact of parasitic infections on cancer, focusing on their potential carcinogenic and protective effects. It explores evidence on how various parasites, including Schistosoma haematobium, Trypanosoma cruzi, and Echinococcus granulosus, can influence cancer development. The review delves into the mechanisms through which these parasites may contribute to tumorigenesis or, alternatively, offer protection against cancer, highlighting the complex relationship between parasitic infections and cancer outcomes. ● In vivo (animal models) and in vitro (cell culture) studies investigating the relationship between parasitic infections (molecules) and cancer. ● Studies evaluating parasitic infections or parasite related molecules linked to either cancer promotion or cancer prevention. ● Experimental exposure to parasites (e.g., Schistosoma spp., Plasmodium spp., Toxoplasma gondii, Helminths, Liver flukes, etc.) in vivo and in vitro models. ● Parasite-derived molecules and their effects on tumor cells or immune response. Control groups will consist of subjects without parasitic infection or those exposed to different conditions, such as tumor cells or animal models not infected with parasites. These control groups will serve to compare the specific effects of parasitic infections on cancer development and immune responses.",
CRD42020102723,"Extravasation of contrast in hemorrhagic contusions is a predictor of expansion, mortality and poor prognosis in trauma?","Traumatic brain injuries are the leading cause of death in trauma victims and cause high rates of neurological sequelae. Several factors such as concomitant coagulopathy, need for cardiopulmonary resuscitation, advanced age, multiple hematomas, midline deviation, surgical decompression procedures, initial lesion size, and the presence of subdural hematoma have been associated with the expansion of the hemorrhagic component of the lesion generated by brain trauma. However, so far no isolated variable can accurately predict the extent of hemorrhage from a traumatic brain injury.
The active extravasation of contrast in angiotomographs has been intensively studied in primary cerebral hemorrhages. In non-traumatic intracerebral hemorrhages, contrast extravasation on CT was confirmed as a predictor of hematoma expansion, higher mortality, as well as other negative outcomes. Despite some reports of the effects of this extravasation in patients suffering from cerebral trauma, few studies address this theme. Thus, larger and more statistically significant studies are needed to evaluate the effects of the use of contrast on tomography of patients who are victims of brain trauma in order to better guide medical decisions regarding the management of such patients. This study intends to do a systematic review together with a meta-analysis to better evaluate the theme.",
CRD420251022388,How effective is lifitegrast in improving the clinical signs and symptoms of DED?,Topically administered lifitegrast ophthalmic solution Placebo or carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) 0.5%,"Standard treatments (artificial tears, topical steroids, and cyclosporin), placebo, or any other biologic or immuno-modulating drug Any other conventional or nonconventional therapy for DED"
CRD420251016089,"By comparing the effects of different techniques, therapists can develop the most suitable treatment plan for each patient and gain insights into the strengths and weaknesses of various methods, aiding in the selection of the most appropriate approach based on the patient's symptoms and needs. Additionally, the use of manual techniques can reduce the need for medication in pain management, decreasing the patient's reliance on painkillers and lowering the risk of drug-related side effects. Many mobilization techniques can significantly alleviate pain in a short period, thereby improving the patient's quality of life.","Inclusion: Maitland techniques improve joint range of motion and pain through graded mobilization, making them suitable for early-stage OA and patients with joint stiffness. Exclusion: Adolescents (under 18 years of age) and elderly people (over 70). include the exclusive or combined application of Maitland or Mulligan joint mobilization techniques Exclusion criteria include non-Chinese or non-English literature, or literature for which the full text is unavailable; studies with missing data or unclear reporting of efficacy standards; research designs lacking a control group (such as case series or case reports); and literature involving combined surgical or pharmacological treatments without separate analysis of the efficacy of joint mobilization techniques.",
CRD420251011415,"In this study, the effectiveness of different integrated Chinese and western medicine therapies will be ranked through network meta-analysis, so as to provide scientific evidence-based medicine for the best clinical choice.","All adult patients are diagnosed as spastic paralysis after ischemic stroke. There will also be no restrictions based on gender, race, and the course of the disease. Patients receiving different integrated Chinese and Western therapies Patients receiving only one of Chinese medicine or Western medicine",
CRD420250640444,"1. What is the effectiveness of educational interventions in improving nurse-family communication in NICU settings?2. What are the key components, processes, and theoretical underpinnings of nurse-family educational interventions in NICU settings?3. What are the gaps in the current literature regarding nurse-family communication interventions in NICUs, and what future research directions can be identified?","To review existing research on educational interventions that improve communication ability between NICUnurses and families. Inclusion Criteria• Primary empirical research published between 2014 and 2024.• Studies published in English.• Peer-reviewed journal articles• Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-methods designs• Studies focusing on NICU nurses.• Studies examining communication skills training interventions between NICU nurses and families. Exclusion Criteria• Studies published before 2014.• Non-English language publications• Non-peer-reviewed articles, non-primary empirical research, conference abstracts, dissertations, systematic reviews, and scoping reviews• Not completed article or case report • Research conducted in non-NICU settings.• Studies not examining communication skills training interventions between NICU nurses and families.• Opinion pieces or general discussions about communication skills interventions • Studies focusing exclusively on healthcare providers other than NICU nurses Educational/training interventions for NICU nurses focused on Communication skills training NICU nurses who are exposed to communication skills training (with and without a control group)",
CRD42022337700,"Over the last decade, many studies have published comparisons of different treatment options on FP-ISR. But because of a shortage of high-grade evidence to guide clinical practice, so this Bayesian network meta-analysis was conducted to explore which treatment is the most optimal strategy for FP-ISR.","Femoropopliteal artery in-stent stenosis (FP-ISR) has been reported in approximately 20% to 40% of patients who treated with bare metal stents (BMS) within 1 year of treatment. Restenosis tends to be diffuse and correlate with the length of stented segment, vessel diameter and the presence of stent fracture.what’s more, ISR lesions are differed from de novo atherosclerotic lesions; restenosis tissue consists primarily of a collagen rich extracellular matrix with an inner layer of smooth muscle cells that has limited the therapeutic effect of endovascular techniques.",
CRD42024602303,"The review seeks to explore the role of food bioactive compounds in the treatment of breast and prostate cancer by addressing three specific questions:
What is the role of food bioactive compounds in the treatment of breast and prostate cancer?
This question investigates the therapeutic effects of bioactive compounds such as polyphenols, flavonoids, and dietary phenolic compounds. It will examine how these compounds, found in natural food sources, influence cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis, and overall survival in patients with breast and prostate cancer. It will compare different types of compounds and their efficacy in treatment outcomes.
What are the adverse effects of food bioactive compounds in breast and prostate cancer treatment?
This question aims to identify any potential negative effects or toxicity related to the consumption of these compounds in cancer treatment. It will compare adverse effects across different studies, compounds, and populations to understand the safety of their use as complementary therapies.
What are the gaps in the current literature regarding the use of food bioactive compounds in breast and prostate cancer treatment?
This question identifies limitations and inconsistencies in the existing systematic reviews, such as variations in populations, interventions, or methodologies. It will also highlight areas where further research is needed to clarify the therapeutic role of bioactive compounds in cancer management.","This systematic review focuses on breast and prostate cancer, two of the most prevalent malignancies worldwide.
Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women, characterized by the uncontrolled growth of breast cells. It can spread to other parts of the body and is influenced by factors such as genetics, hormones, and lifestyle. Despite advances in detection and treatment, breast cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women.
Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in men, originating in the prostate gland. It can range from slow-growing tumors to more aggressive forms that metastasize. Like breast cancer, prostate cancer is influenced by hormonal, genetic, and environmental factors.
Both cancers significantly contribute to the global cancer burden, prompting research into novel therapeutic strategies. This review examines the potential of food bioactive compounds (naturally occurring compounds in foods such as fruits, vegetables, and herbs) in the treatment and prevention of these cancers, considering their role in modulating cancer progression, survival outcomes, and overall therapeutic potential.",
CRD420251015579,"To conduct a systematic review on the impact of dapagliflozin on the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) with preserved and mildly reduced ejection fraction, with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus.","Adult patients with chronic heart failure and chronic kidney disease. Dapagliflozin Placebo 1. Clinical studies involving patients with chronic heart failure with preserved and mildly reduced ejection fraction, as well as renal insufficiency. 2. Clinical studies comparing dapagliflozin with placebo. 3. Clinical studies where primary treatment outcomes included renal complications, recurrent hospitalizations, and cardiovascular mortality.","Other SGLT2 inhibitors Other comparators 1. Studies comparing other drugs. 2. Studies analyzing other outcomes (e.g., biomarkers). 3. Studies involving surgical interventions or post-surgical treatments. 4. Cohort studies, case-control studies, expert opinions, and conference materials. 5. Review articles. 6. Studies not published in English."
CRD42024598341,The aim of this meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials is to systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Buyang Huanwu decoction in the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis.,"Atherosclerosis is a pervasive cardiovascular condition characterized by the accumulation of lipids, complex carbohydrates, blood proteins, calcium, and cellular waste products in the arterial wall, leading to luminal narrowing and potential vessel rupture. The epidemiological data indicates that atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The current state of intervention research is marked by a multifaceted approach, including lipid-lowering therapies, and antihypertensive medications and so on. However, traditional treatment modalities for atherosclerosis are associated with certain safety concerns. For instance, the long-term use of lipid-lowering drugs may elicit adverse effects such as myalgia and hepatic dysfunction; antiplatelet medications can increase the risk of bleeding; adherence to long-term medication regimens may decline, and the protracted use of certain drugs may lead to the development of drug resistance, potentially diminishing therapeutic efficacy.",
CRD42024602866,To systematically evaluate the effect of combined or alone Seminar teaching versus lecture-based learning (LBL) in surgical clinical teaching for Chinese medical students.,"Surgery is a crucial component of the clinical curriculum and an essential therapeutic approach for various diseases. In recent decades, modern surgery has experienced significant advancements, with continuous innovations in technologies and pharmaceuticals. Relying solely on lecture-based learning (LBL) no longer satisfies students' profound thirst for knowledge, thereby complicating the training of future medical professionals. The seminar teaching method focuses on problem-solving; instructors present scenarios that prompt collaborative research between teachers and students. Through discussion, exploration, and practical engagement, participants discover solutions to these challenges, fostering active learning and positioning students as central figures in their education. This method encourages critical thinking and personal expression of ideas, enhancing mastery of knowledge and skills. While increasingly adopted in medical education to improve comprehension and academic performance, the seminar approach also presents drawbacks such as heightened learning burdens and excessive demands on students' free time. Currently, there is a lack of systematic analysis comparing the seminar teaching method with LBL in surgical education. Thus, this study aims to provide a comprehensive evaluation to inform better pedagogical strategies for surgical instruction.",
CRD42020151037,To compare the efficacy of different targeted temperature management for mild hypothermia after cardiopulmonary resuscitation,"After cardiopulmonary resuscitation, the efficacy of mild hypothermia therapy has been widely accepted, but the targeted temperature management of mild hypothermia is still controversial. At the beginning, it was usually set to be less than 32℃. Later, it was found that 33℃ can also achieve good therapeutic effect. Now some scholars believe that the target temperature set at 36℃ may be better than 33℃. At present, there is still a lack of high-level research evidence on this aspect.",
CRD42024554468,"This meta-analysis mainly analyzes the therapeutic effect of traditional Chinese medicine on retinal pigment degeneration, evaluates its effectiveness and clinical practicality","Primary retinitis pigmentosa (RP), also known as blanket retinal degeneration, is a progressive, hereditary, and malnourished degenerative disease characterized by chronic progressive visual field loss, night blindness, pigmentary retinopathy, and abnormal electroretinogram, ultimately leading to decreased vision. Traditional Chinese medicine is widely used in disease treatment, and significant progress has been made in the treatment of retinal pigment degeneration.",
CRD420250604888,"The aim is not only to summarize the scientific evidence on the efficacy and safety of this revolutionary option in the treatment of absolute uterine infertility, but also to examine maternal and neonatal outcomes and identify challenges and future perspectives.","Female Infertility; Primary Uterine Infertility; Secondary Uterine Infertility Women diagnosed with absolute uterine factor infertility, that is, infertility that is completely attributed to the absence (congenital or acquired) or abnormality (anatomical or functional) of the uterus. Uterine malformations affect approximately 6.7% of the female population, with 7.3% of these women having infertility due to congenital absolute uterine factor. Among these congenital conditions that cause infertility, Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser Syndrome stands out. Characterized by a congenital anomaly of female genital development, resulting in uterine agenesis and vaginal hypoplasia, it is a syndrome that affects approximately 1 in 5,000 women. On the other hand, hysterectomies performed at a childbearing age under medical advice represent approximately 40% of all cases of absolute uterine factor infertility, and are the main cause of acquired absolute uterine factor infertility. In fact, several clinical situations may culminate in a hysterectomy, among which the treatment of a malignant neoplasm, the definitive treatment of a leiomyoma or other obstetric situations such as placenta accreta or massive postpartum hemorrhage stand out. Womens with Absolute uterine factor (AUF) infertility Transplantation Of Uterine Tissue; Solid Organ Transplant; Transplantation Uterine transplantation brings new light to the treatment of infertility in these women. In a simplistic way, this new therapeutic presupposes the transplantation of a uterus from a living/cadaver donor, to women with AUF. In this way, the missing or non-functional element will be reestablished and a new window of opportunities will open to begin attempts to design a new being. So, in short, the proposed intervention is to perform a uterine transplant with the subsequent aim of achieving pregnancy through IVF techniques (which may or may not be performed prior to the transplant).",
CRD420250653643,Primary Questions:,"Breast Cancer Adult patients diagnosed with breast cancer (any subtype or stage) Delayed treatment Delay in treatment initiation or in multimodal treatment (Surgical, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy) PICO tags selected: Usual Care; Delayed treatment Early vs. delayed treatment",
CRD42024512886,"On the basis of randomized control trials, what are the efficacy and safety profiles of nifurtimox and benznidazole in adults with seropositive indeterminate phase Trypanosoma cruzi infection?",Efficacy and safety profile of nifurtimox and benznidazole treatment for indeterminate phase Chagas disease in adults.,
CRD420251022707,1. To present a rare case of SAPHO syndrome with mandibular involvement and TMJ ankylosis managed with custom fitted alloplastic total joint replacement.,"Patients with SAPHO syndrome having mandibular involvement, chewing difficulty, pain, TMJ ankylosis with or without any definitive management. Total Prosthetic Replacement Of Temporomandibular Joint; Antibiotic Therapy; Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug; Steroid therapy; Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy; Decortication; Bisphosphonates; Immunomodulators Case reports and case series",
CRD420250645720,"This study aims to investigate the complete remission (CR), overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), and event-free survival (EFS) of newly diagnosed adult patients with Philadelphia chromosome-positive B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph+ B-ALL) treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) (imatinib, dasatinib, nilotinib, ponatinib) in combination with chemotherapy. By extracting evidence from published literature and conducting a meta-analysis, we will predict survival curves for different treatment regimens, compare treatment efficacy, and propose the most suitable therapeutic strategy for adult patients with Ph+ B-ALL.","Philadelphia Chromosome-positive Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia; Tyrosine kinase inhibitor Leukemia All eligible studies will follow the PICO criteria: (i) patients: newly diagnosed B-cell Ph-positive ALL, (ii) intervention: TKI plus chemotherapy regimens, and (iii) outcomes: data on survival outcomes, responses, and treatment-related adverse events will be available. The inclusion criteria will be as detailed below: (i) The literature must clearly specify that the patients studied will be newly diagnosed B-cell Ph-positive ALL patients treated with TKIs in combination with chemotherapy, (ii) The study results must include at least one survival metric, such as complete remission rate, overall survival (OS), event-free survival (EFS), or disease-free survival (DFS), (iii) The included literature should be clinical trials or randomized controlled trials, and (iv) articles written in languages other than English or Chinese will be excluded. Focuses on four tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs): imatinib, dasatinib, nilotinib, and ponatinib",
CRD420250641637,"Primary Question:What is the diagnostic and prognostic utility of tear biomarkers in non-infectious uveitis and other inflammatory eye diseases?Secondary Questions:Which tear biomarkers have been studied in non-infectious uveitis and other inflammatory eye diseases?What methods are used to detect and quantify tear biomarkers?How do tear biomarkers correlate with disease activity, progression, or treatment response?What gaps exist in the literature regarding tear biomarkers for inflammatory eye diseases?","The study focuses on the diagnostic and prognostic utility of tear biomarkers in non-infectious uveitis and other inflammatory eye diseases, including their role in disease activity monitoring, treatment response evaluation, and understanding pathophysiological mechanisms. Participants include individuals diagnosed with non-infectious uveitis or other inflammatory eye diseases, such as scleritis, keratitis, episcleritis, retinal vasculitis, and autoimmune conditions with ocular manifestations. Inclusion Criteria:Studies evaluating tear biomarkers for disease diagnosis, prognosis, or monitoring.Quantification of biomarkers using detection methods such as ELISA, multiplex assays, or proteomics.Correlation of tear biomarker levels with disease activity, progression, or treatment response.","Exclusion Criteria: Studies focusing solely on aqueous or vitreous biomarkers without tear analysis. Animal studies. Non-original studies (e.g., editorials, case reports, opinion pieces)."
CRD420250632846,"How does risankizumab affect remission and safety in inflammatory bowel disease compared to placebo or other treatments, based on RCTs and real-world studies?","The systematic review focuses on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a chronic and relapsing group of disorders primarily comprising Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). These conditions are characterized by persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, leading to symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, fatigue, weight loss, and in severe cases, complications requiring surgery.IBD significantly impacts patients' quality of life and imposes a substantial healthcare burden due to frequent hospitalizations and the need for long-term medical therapy. The review evaluates the efficacy and safety of risankizumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting the IL-23 pathway, in achieving clinical remission and improving outcomes in patients with moderate-to-severe IBD. The study encompasses both randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and real-world evidence (RWE) to provide a comprehensive understanding of risankizumab's therapeutic potential in this healthcare domain. Patients with inflammatory bowel disease Risankizumab Placebo or other treatments",
CRD42023440137,"What are the most appropriate, valid, and reliable instruments to assess the health-related quality of life in people with hereditary angioedema (HAE) (any type)?
1) Population: in people (any age) with hereditary angioedema (HAE) (any type)
2) type of Instruments: Any type of instrument (ie questionnaire, inventory) and all patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs)
3) Construct: Health-related quality of life
4) Outcome/Measurement properties: all measurement properties (i.e. structural validity, internal consistency, cross‐cultural validity\\measurement invariance, reliability, measurement error, criterion validity, hypotheses testing for construct validity, and responsiveness)","The purpose of the review is to identify, analyse and summarise the critical aspects of all the tools present in the scientific literature that measure the health-related quality of life (HR-QoL) in people with hereditary angioedema (HAE).
The construct “health-related quality of life” is a subjective measurement that takes into account several factors, mainly those that are difficult to measure. It consists of quantifying the perceptions that each individual has of their condition and the ways in which they can deal with it, in order to mitigate its impact on the ability to have a quality life.
People with hereditary angioedema (HAE) learn to live with a chronic and disabling disease that causes unpredictable and incapacitating attacks of edema. Facial involvement leads to facial disfigurement and promotes social stigma, isolation, difficulty establishing relationships, and depression. So, this disease can compromise the quality of life of people with HAE not only due to the impact on functional capacity caused by edema, pain, and other symptoms related to the disease but also due to psychosocial factors.",
CRD420251025847,Comparative efficacy of hypoglossal nerve stimulation,"Study patients were diagnosed with OSAHS through PSG,according to American Academy of Sleep Medicine(AASM) stadards. Patients with OSAHS accepting the treatment of hypoglossal nerve stimulation PICO tags selected: Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Ventilation",Patients with other types of sleep disorders or concomitant cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases
CRD420251037317,Evaluate the efficacy of commonly used injectable drugs in treating tennis elbow in clinical practice,"Adult patients who have undergone injection therapy for the treatment of lateral epicondylitis. Injection therapy, such as normal saline, hypertonic saline solution, hormones, botulinum toxin, platelet-rich plasma, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, local anesthetics, sodium hyaluronate solution. We will compare regimens simultaneously. Only randomized study types will be included.",
CRD42023479283,"This review examines suicidality in participants with treatment resistant depression in randomised clinical trials who have been given a therapeutic dose of psilocybin compared to a control group (active placebo, inactive placebo and waiting list control)",Major depressive disorder (MDD) is the condition that causes the largest burden of disability worldwide and is common with 1 in 6 UK adults reporting moderate to severe depression symptoms in 2022. Depression is costly on both an individual and societal level. Treatment resistance (or difficult to treat depression) is commonly defined as failure to respond to two treatments given at an effective dose for an adequate duration and is sadly common with around a third of people with depression not responding despite adequate trials of two treatments.,
CRD420250648720,"""What are the reported clinical success rates and complication profiles of various therapeutic interventions for Cracked Tooth Syndrome as synthesized from systematic reviews and meta-analyses?""","Cracked Tooth; Therapeutic Procedure Cracked Tooth Syndrome (CTS) is a dental condition characterized by the presence of incomplete fractures within a tooth, often leading to discomfort and functional limitations. Unlike fully fractured teeth, cracks in CTS may not be immediately visible, making diagnosis challenging. Patients typically experience sharp pain when chewing, sensitivity to temperature changes, and occasional discomfort that is difficult to pinpoint. The condition commonly affects posterior teeth, especially molars, due to the high masticatory forces they endure. Various factors, including excessive biting pressure, bruxism, large restorations, and aging-related structural weakening, contribute to the development of CTS. Early detection and appropriate intervention are crucial to preventing further progression, which could lead to more severe complications, such as pulp involvement or tooth loss. Patient's diagnosed with Cracked Tooth Syndrome (CTS) Inlay Dental Restoration; Endodontic Procedure; Dental Occlusal Splint; Extraction",
CRD420251015040,Review Objectives:,"Population Inclusion Criteria: Patients diagnosed with: Advanced gastric adenocarcinoma Gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma Esophageal adenocarcinoma HER2-negative status Unresectable or metastatic disease Patients receiving first-line treatment Studies including adult patients (≥18 years old) Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors plus chemotherapy vs. chemotherapy alone Immune checkpoint inhibitors; Immunotherapy; Chemotherapy Intervention Inclusion Criteria PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors administered in combination with chemotherapy as a first-line treatment for advanced gastric, gastroesophageal junction (GEJ), or esophageal adenocarcinoma. Eligible PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors include (but are not limited to): Pembrolizumab Nivolumab Tislelizumab Sintilimab Sugemalimab Chemotherapy regimens must include platinum-based or fluoropyrimidine-based combinations (e.g., FOLFOX, XELOX, CAPOX, SOX, or cisplatin/fluorouracil). Trials must compare PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors + chemotherapy vs. chemotherapy alone (or placebo + chemotherapy). Studies must report at least one of the primary outcomes: overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), or adverse events. PICO tags selected: Chemotherapy Comparator Inclusion Criteria: Control group must receive chemotherapy alone or placebo + chemotherapy as a first-line treatment for advanced gastric, gastroesophageal junction (GEJ), or esophageal adenocarcinoma. Eligible chemotherapy regimens include: Fluoropyrimidine-based regimens (e.g., 5-FU, capecitabine) Platinum-based regimens (e.g., cisplatin, oxaliplatin) Common combinations such as FOLFOX, XELOX, CAPOX, SOX No use of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors or other immunotherapy agents in the control group. Studies must report at least one primary outcome (overall survival, progression-free survival, objective response rate, or adverse events). Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) (Phase III trials preferred) Studies comparing PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors plus chemotherapy vs. chemotherapy alone Published between 2019–2025 to ensure the inclusion of recent evidence Full-text, peer-reviewed studies published in English Studies reporting at least one primary outcome (overall survival, progression-free survival, objective response rate, or adverse events)",
CRD42022320515,"Whether could cancer patients with psychological stress benefit more from the acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), which is considered as one of the third wave cognitive behavior therapy？",Cancer. Cognitive behavior therapy. Psychotherapy.,
CRD420250551268,What is Anti-inflammatory and Anti-Fibrotic Potential Factors for Liver Regeneration from Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes?,"The implementation of the hUC-MSC-exo method into clinical trials itself should be done under cautious screening of the subject's condition to prevent any unwanted adverse events. Further specification of indications hUC-MSC-exo method may be beneficial, important, and highly suggested by the writers to be analyzed in future reviews to give a better understanding of the effectiveness of each hUC-MSC-exo dose, duration, and medium. - Animal models: Only mice studies were included, with species such as BALB/c, C57BL/6J, Kunming Bai, and Sprague Dawley mice.- Sex and age: Both male and female mice, typically ranging from 4-12 weeks in age.- Disease models: Liver injuries such as fibrosis, cirrhosis, ischemia-reperfusion injury, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), acute liver failure (ALF), and partial hepatectomy were studied.- Experimental intervention: Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes (hUC-MSC-exo) or extracellular vehicles (EVs) were used as the sole intervention.- Languages: Only peer-reviewed studies written in English were considered. - Intervention Type: The studies included interventions involving hUC-MSC-derived exosomes (hUC-MSC-exo) or extracellular vesicles (EVs).- Disease Models: The diseases targeted in the interventions include liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), liver ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), acute liver failure (ALF), and liver injury models induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄) or diet-induced injury.- Dosage and Frequency: The dosage and frequency varied depending on the specific study:1. For liver fibrosis and cirrhosis models, doses ranged from 20 mg/kg to 1 × 10^6 particles of exosomes administered twice weekly for up to 12 weeks.2. For NAFLD and NASH models, doses ranged from 10 mg/kg to 120 μg of hUC-MSC-exo, given once weekly or once every three days for up to 16 weeks.3. In liver ischemia-reperfusion injury models, doses such as 100 μg of hUC-MSC-exo were administered within 3 to 6 hours post-injury.4. The interventions in acute liver failure models included 100 μg of exosomes in 250 μl PBS or 20 mg/kg, typically administered within 12 hours after liver injury.","- Animal type: Studies using animals other than mice were excluded.- Model type: Ex vivo, in vitro, or in silico models were not considered.- Comorbidities: Studies involving animals with co-morbid conditions outside of liver diseases were excluded.- Inaccessible or incomplete studies: Studies that had irretrievable full-texts, incomplete outcome reporting, or gray literature were excluded.- Language: Studies published in languages other than English were excluded. - Exclusion of Intervention: Studies that did not utilize hUC-MSC-derived exosomes as the main intervention or combined the exosomes with other unrelated therapeutic compounds were excluded.Ineligible Animal Models: Studies using animals other than mice and studies involving comorbid conditions other than liver diseases were excluded. - No-treatment control groups: Studies that used animals without any vehicle or sham treatment were excluded.- Different control conditions: If the vehicle was different from that used for the intervention group (e.g., saline instead of PBS when PBS was used in the experimental group), those control groups were excluded.- Non-comparable treatments: Studies that included non-comparable treatments or combined interventions were excluded from the review."
CRD42021271805,daptomycine efficacy and safety compared to standard of care (other Gram + antibacterial agents,"Daptomycin is a lipoglycopeptide that is active against resistant Gram positive bacteria including methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Originally recommended for complicated gram positive bloodstream and skin and soft tissue infection (cSSTI), its indication has recently been extended to bone and joint infection (BJI). However, efficacy and safety have not been thoroughly demonstrated compared to standard of care (Glycopeptide). Inclusion criteria- English or French publications- Randomized, controlled trial- Use of Daptomycin- Use of standard of care (glycopeptides) in control armsExclusion criteria- < 18 years old Administration of intravenous daptomycin irrespective of schemes and doses Administration of glycopeptides (vancomycine, teicoplanine), irrespective of schemes, doses, or the estimates of concentration samples",
CRD420251017432,"The purpose of this study is to conduct a comprehensive network meta-analysis to systematically evaluate the impact of various exercise interventions on executive function in children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental disorders. By synthesizing and comparing data from multiple randomized controlled trials, this research aims to provide a robust assessment of the efficacy of different types of exercise interventions in improving key aspects of executive function, such as inhibitory control, cognitive flexibility, and working memory. Additionally, the study seeks to identify the most effective exercise modalities and to explore potential differences in outcomes based on the specific type of neurodevelopmental disorder. The findings of this study will contribute to the existing body of knowledge by offering evidence-based insights into the role of exercise as a therapeutic intervention for enhancing executive function in this population. This information will be valuable for clinicians, educators, and policymakers in developing targeted and effective intervention strategies to support the cognitive and behavioral development of children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental disorders.",Children and adolescents with Neurodevelopmental Disorders Exercise Interventions Children and adolescents with Neurodevelopmental Disorders,
CRD420251017175,,"Human Participants: Patients diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS) of any subtype, including relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS), secondary progressive MS (SPMS), primary progressive MS (PPMS), or other recognized variants, regardless of age, sex, disease duration, or severity. Preclinical Models: Animal models of MS, such as experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), used to simulate MS pathology and evaluate MSC therapy outcomes. Study Context: Participants or models must have received mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy (from any source, e.g., bone marrow, adipose tissue, umbilical cord; via any route, e.g., intravenous, intrathecal) and been assessed using MRI techniques to measure therapeutic effects. Studies with mixed populations are eligible if MS-specific data can be isolated. Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Diffusion Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging RANDOMISED","Non-MS Populations: Participants or models with neurological conditions unrelated to multiple sclerosis (e.g., Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, stroke), where MS is not the primary focus or data cannot be separated. No MSC Therapy: Populations not treated with mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy, including those receiving only conventional treatments (e.g., interferon, natalizumab) or other cell therapies (e.g., hematopoietic stem cells) without MSC involvement. No MRI Assessment: Studies where MS patients or models lack MRI evaluation of therapeutic outcomes, relying solely on clinical or non-imaging measures."
CRD42024587127,"What are the clinical and angiographic characteristics of craniocervical junction dural arteriovenous fistulas and associated clinical and angiographic outcomes of microsurgery, embolization, and conservative management?",craniocervical junction dural arteriovenous fistulas,
CRD42018095821,What is the efficacy of praziquantel-associated immunomodulators in mice infected with Schistosoma mansoni when compared to control mice infected with S. mansoni and treated only with praziquantel?,"Schistosomiasis mansoni is a parasitic disease, caused by Schistosoma mansoni, whose adult forms inhabit the mesenteric vessels of the definitive host and the intermediate forms develop in snail aquatic gastropods of the genus Biomphalaria. It is a disease, initially asymptomatic, that can progress to extremely severe clinical forms and lead the patient to death. The magnitude of its prevalence, associated to the severity of the clinical forms and its evolution, make schistosomiasis a great relevance as a public health problem. We will include studies that have used mice as an animal model. The studies that use treatment with immunomodulator associated with praziquantel will be included. Characteristics of the studies (e.g. dosage, timing, frequency) will be published. We will include the studies that in their experimental design used one of the groups being of mice infected and treated only with prazinquantel.","Studies with other animals as a model, in vitro studies and studies in humans will be excluded. Studies that did not use immunomodulators Studies that did not use a group of infected mice treated with praziquantel alone will be excluded."
CRD42021251040,does the addition of core-focused therapeutic exercises improve outcomes in patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome compared to standard interventions aimed exclusively at the hip and knee?,Patellofemoral pain syndrome,
CRD42025637689,"Population: Individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI), head injury, or brain trauma.
Intervention: Music-based interventions, including music therapy, music intervention, auditory stimulation, and therapeutic music.
Comparator: No intervention or standard care.
Outcomes: Cognitive outcomes (e.g., cognitive function, memory impairment, executive function) and quality of life.
Study Design: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), cohort studies, case-control studies, cross-sectional studies, observational studies, experimental studies.","Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a complex disorder where the brain is damaged by external factors. Depending on the severity and location of the injury, people may experience different levels of physical, cognitive, emotional, and behavioral difficulties. This systematic review examines how well music-based therapies can improve cognitive abilities and quality of life in people who have had brain damage, head injuries, or TBI.",
CRD420251013483,What is the age range of participants of patients with 6p CN LOH in aplastic anaemia?,"Inclusion - A diagnosis of aplastic anaemia in patients of any age - A diagnosis of 6p Loss of Heterozygosity by any method  Genetic testing Aplastic Anaemia without 6p Copy Number Loss of Heterozygosity All RCT, cohort, case series, and case reports.",Exclusion - Not having a diagnosis of aplastic anaemia Aplastic Anaemia without 6p Copy Number Loss of Heterozygosity
CRD420251030478,To assess the impact of Lactobacillus crispatus M247 on the viral clearance of HPV in infected patients compared to no use of Lactobacillus crispatus M247. The study aims to synthesize evidence to understand its efficacy.,"Individuals diagnosed with HPV infection, regardless of age, sex, or risk factors. Studies on patients diagnosed with HPV infection (any subtype). Studies evaluating the use of Lactobacillus crispatus M247 as an intervention. Outcomes reporting viral clearance of HPV, including reduction in viral load. Publications in english, portuguese and Spanish will be assessed. Experimental Studies Intervention(s), exposure(s): Oral or vaginal administration of Lactobacillus crispatus M247.  Comparator(s)/control: Placebo, no treatment, or other probiotic strains. Lactobacillus; Human Papillomavirus; Human Papillomavirus Screening PICO tags selected: Placebo; Attention Placebo Control; Usual Care Comparisons involving no treatment, placebo, or standard care. Experimental Studies","Studies without clear data on intervention (e.g., no specification of Lactobacillus crispatus M247). Studies focused on animal or in vitro models. Editorials, letters, conference abstracts, and non-peer-reviewed literature. Observational Studies. Studies focused on animal or in vitro models. Editorials, letters, conference abstracts, and non-peer-reviewed literature. Observational Studies."
CRD420250634986,What is the effectiveness of sensory diets in managing panic symptoms in adolescents?,"Background: Adolescents frequently experience anxiety and panic attacks, which are often triggered by academic and social pressures. Schools are a critical environment for addressing these issues, as they are central to adolescents' daily lives. Sensory-based activities that leverage sensory inputs (e.g., tactile, visual, and auditory stimuli) and interoceptive exposure therapy promise to calm the nervous system during a panic attack. This review seeks to evaluate the effectiveness of such activities and identify best practices for their implementation.Panic attacks are acute episodes of intense fear or discomfort that peak within minutes and can significantly disrupt adolescents' daily lives, affecting their academic performance, social interactions, and overall well-being. The National Comorbidity Survey Adolescent Supplement reports that approximately 2.3% of U.S. adolescents aged 13–18 experience panic disorder, with a higher prevalence in females (2.6%) compared to males (2.0%) Early intervention is crucial, as untreated panic attacks during adolescence can lead to more severe psychiatric conditions, including agoraphobia and depression.Sensory Diets as a Therapeutic InterventionA sensory diet is a structured, individualized program that provides essential sensory input to help individuals manage sensory processing challenges and improve self-regulation. Sensory diets incorporate a variety of activities tailored to an individual's unique sensory profile. Adolescents (ages 11-18) experiencing panic attacks in school settings. Sensory-based activities (e.g., breathing exercises, tactile tools, sensory rooms) Standard practices (e.g., no intervention, verbal reassurance) or other non-sensory-based interventions (alternative therapies, cognitive-behavioral therapy)",
CRD420250644885,"The influence of the nocebo effect, diagnosis threat and stereotype threat on memory: a systematic review. - What is the influence of the nocebo effect, diagnosis threat and stereotype threat on memory? This phenomenon has not been previously been reviewed. - It is recognised that another systematic review has briefly explored the influence of the nocebo effect on cognition more generally, however, this was found as a by product of what the review was aiming to explore (the nocebo effect on health outcomes). In addition, this review only explored cognition more broadly and did not differentiate between different cognitive domains (e.g. memory, executive functioning etc).","Memory performance The review will be examining the influence of the nocebo effect, diagnosis threat and stereotype threat on memory. Broadly, the nocebo effect, diagnosis threat and stereotype threat refer to the production of an aversive response despite the absence of direct therapeutic effects (i.e. people expect negative outcomes and thus experience these in the absence of any direct therapeutic effects). The review will be aiming to examine studies these domains and the impact of them on memory (i.e. do people who expect their memory to be impaired experience these difficulties as a result of the expectation in the absence of any organic cause). Inclusion criteria:Studies that have examined the nocebo effect, stereotype threat or diagnosis threat on memory. Only studies that have examined adult age (18+) will be included in the review. Given that a review has not been conducted on this area previously, the exclusion criteria will initially be broad. However, it is noted that the inclusion/exclusion criteria may be amended as the review progresses depending on the number of suitable studies that are identified. Exclusion criteria:Studies that have not examined the nocebo effect, stereotype threat or diagnosis threat on memory, or have only examined these variables on other aspects of cognition other than memory. Studies that have included participants of less than 18 years of age. Please see above.",
CRD42021285791,Does lingual arch reduces time of fixed orthodontic treatment in extraction and non-extraction cases of class I malocclusion with mandibular incisor crowding,Effectiveness of lingual arch appliance in fixed orthodontic treatment of Class I extraction and non-extraction cases with mandibular incisor crowding,
CRD42022361964,This review is intended to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture on cyclic mastalgia,"A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Efficacy of Acupuncture on cyclic mastalgia
Approximately 60 to 70% of women have been plagued by mastalgia during their lifetime. According to menstrual cycle, mastalgia can be divided into two types: cyclic mastalgia (CM) and noncyclic mastalgia. CM is more likely to occur in pre-menopausal women than in postmenopausal women. About 68% of women aged 18–44 years have complained about cyclic mastalgia. Women with frequent mastalgia often complain more severe pain, which seriously interfered with their daily lives. However, there is still a lack of specific therapeutic guidelines for mastalgia. The first-line management of breast pain is proposed to be appropriate explanation, reassurance, and good bra-fitting advice. Topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and endocrine drugs are effective for mastalgia relief, while accompanied by potentially serious adverse effects. A majority of patients, respond favorably to nonpharmacologic measures, such as alternative treatment strategies like acupuncture. Acupuncture analgesia has been widely used for patients with CM in China and has certain advantages.",
CRD42023411073,"The aim of this meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials is to evaluate and compare the efficacy of extracorporeal shock wave, ultrasound, short wave diathermy and laser therapy in combination with exercise for the management of knee osteoarthritis.","Knee osteoarthritis is a common cause of musculoskeletal pain and a leading cause of disability and healthcare economic burden. Exercise programs and several physical modality treatments were developed aiming at a better symptomatic control of knee osteoarthritis and have demonstrated favorable results. However, it remains unclear about the superiority of different modalities in combination with exercise programs.",
CRD42022323696,"1) To yield pooled area under the receiver-operator curves (AUCs) for nomograms developed to predict outcomes after 177Lu-PSMA in patients with mCRPC
2) To provide estimates of basic summative survival (OS, PFS, PSA decline)
3) To assess the influence of basic prognostic variables","Lutetium-177 (177Lu) prostate-specific membrane antigen (177Lu-PSMA) is a novel targeted treatment for patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Predictors of outcomes after 177Lu-PSMA were identified and nomograms develop. Validated nomograms that are predictive of outcomes after 177Lu-PSMA in patients with mCRPC might help in clinical trial design and individual clinical decision making, particularly at institutions where 177Lu-PSMA is introduced as a novel therapeutic option. However, differences exist, and no robust data are available to enhance their implementation in clinical practice.",
CRD42024522438,"P：Population for local staging of prostate cancer
I：68Ga-PSMA PET
C：mpMRI
O：sensitivity and specificity for extracapsular extension (ECE)
sensitivity and specificity for seminal vesicle invasion (SVI)
S：Retrospective research, Prospective research","Prostate cancer, one of the most prevalent malignancies in men, poses significant diagnostic and staging challenges. Accurate local staging is pivotal for guiding therapeutic decisions and predicting prognosis. The emergence of advanced imaging modalities has notably enhanced our diagnostic capabilities.
68Ga-PSMA PET, leveraging a radiolabelled ligand targeting the PSMA, offers high sensitivity in detecting prostate cancer cells. Its capacity for visualizing tumor biology at a molecular level presents a substantial advancement over conventional imaging. Conversely, mpMRI provides detailed anatomic and functional insights, capitalizing on various imaging sequences to evaluate tumor extension and aggressiveness.
The nuanced differences in the diagnostic efficacy of 68Ga-PSMA PET and mpMRI for local staging of prostate cancer are yet to be comprehensively elucidated. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to juxtapose these modalities head-to-head, assessing their sensitivity and specificity in the context of local tumor extension, extracapsular extension (ECE), and seminal vesicle invasion (SVI), integral factors in the accurate staging and management of prostate cancer.",
CRD420250513190,What methodological approaches to surface electromyography (sEMG) are reported in randomised controlled trials investigating musculoskeletal interventions.,Electromyography; Surface Emg; Exercise therapy; Physical Exercises; Functional Performance And Activity; Performance Feedback The use of sEMG in evaluating musculoskeletal exercise interventions. - Population (Healthy adults; aged 19-44yrs; ) - Study Design (has to have an exercise related physical intervention; has to be RCT) - Outcome Measure (sEMG measure to evidence effect of exercise on MSK performance) Exercise therapy; Physical Exercises Musculoskeletal exercise intervention is to be explored. Such interventions may be inclusive of: - Performance/ergonomics/conditioning enhancement- Preparation for exercise (activation). - Prescriptive exercise for tissue treatment (therapeutic and rehabilitation).,"- Population (paediatric and adolescents participants up to 18 years old, or aged 45 plus; generic and clinical health disorder involvement) - Study Design (related to nutrition, perception, imagery, biofeedback, latency or delay, muscle, specific aims for MSK performance depletion; non-exercise study intervention) - Outcome Measure (invasive needle EMG; nerve conduction diagnosis) - Population (paediatric and adolescents participants up to 18 years old, or aged 45 plus; generic and clinical health disorder involvement) - Study Design (related to nutrition, perception, imagery, biofeedback, latency or delay, muscle, specific aims for MSK performance depletion; non-exercise study intervention) - Outcome Measure (invasive needle EMG; nerve conduction diagnosis)"
CRD42024598899,"Review Question
This meta-analysis seeks to answer the following primary and secondary questions:
1. Primary Question
What are the comparative effects of Optimal Load Power Training versus Traditional Strength Training on power output and muscle strength in healthy adults?
2. Secondary Questions
Does the effect of Optimal Load Power Training differ from Traditional Strength Training in terms of improving explosive performance (e.g., vertical jump height, sprint time)?
How do the effects of Optimal Load Power Training and Traditional Strength Training vary across different populations, such as athletes versus non-athletes, and across different sports disciplines?
Does the training duration (e.g., short-term vs. long-term interventions) or the load intensity (e.g., lighter vs. heavier loads) modify the effectiveness of these two training methods?
The review will follow the” PICOS“framework:
Population: Healthy adults, including athletes and non-athletes
Intervention: Optimal Load Power Training (training with the load that maximizes power output)
Comparator: Traditional Strength Training (using 60-80% of 1RM or similar)
Outcomes: Primary outcomes are power output and muscle strength; secondary outcomes include explosive performance and muscle hypertrophy
Study Design: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and controlled trials
This approach allows for a structured analysis of the effects of these training methods, with sub-questions addressing specific variables (e.g., population type, intervention duration).","This systematic review focuses on strength training, specifically comparing Optimal Load Power Training with Traditional Strength Training in healthy adults. The study aims to explore the effects of these different training methods on power output, muscle strength, and explosive performance (e.g., vertical jump, sprint speed), as well as their applicability across different populations, such as athletes and non-athletes.",
CRD42022308020,"Does radiotherapy conditioning impact on outcomes in patients treated with CAR-T therapy for high grade lymphoma?
Does the use of combination therapy with radiotherapy and CAR-T result in an altered side effect profile?",The goal of this review is to determine the impact of radiation augmentation prior to CAR-T cell therapy on the outcomes in patients with high-grade lymphoma.,
CRD42024585906,"The purpose of this study is to systematically evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Shengmai decoction preparations in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases, and initially explore its mechanism of action and methodological limitations, so as to provide references for clinical rational drug use in integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine","Cardiovascular disease is one of the major health problems in the world today, its morbidity and mortality remain high, seriously threatening human health and life. According to the World Health Organization, about 17.9 million people die from cardiovascular disease each year, accounting for 31% of all deaths. Cardiovascular disease is also the leading cause of death in China, with more than 3 million deaths a year. In the face of the severe situation of cardiovascular disease, how to effectively prevent and cure has become a major issue that needs to be solved in the medical field.",
CRD42023481382,"To date, no direct comparisons have compared the effectiveness of all EGFR-TKIs against EGFR mutation-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The present study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of EGFR-TKIs in EGFR mutation-positive NSCLC.","Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for approximately 85% of lung cancer, and a significant proportion of patients with NSCLC have epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations. The most common EGFR mutations are exon 19del and exon 21 L858R, and these are associated with sensitivity to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs). Compared with conventional chemotherapeutic regimens, EGFR-TKIs have exceptional therapeutic efficacy in EGFR mutation-positive advanced NSCLC. To date, six EGFR-TKIs (erlotinib, gefitinib, icotinib, dacomitinib, afatinib and osimertinib) have been extensively used in clinical settings. A series of randomized control clinical trials demonstrated that EGFR-TKIs were significantly related to higher response rates, less toxicity and improved survival when compared with classic platinum-based chemotherapy as first-line treatment for EGFR-mutated NSCLC patients. In addition, more effective agents are being investigated in ongoing clinical studies, such as furmonertinib, aumolertinib, lazertinib and befotertinib. New agents have been considered crucial breakthroughs in treating EGFR mutation-positive NSCLC, which has led to the dilemma of optimal therapy options. To date, no direct comparisons have compared the effectiveness of all EGFR-TKIs against EGFR mutation-positive NSCLC. Previously published network meta-analyses (NMAs) did not include furmonertinib, aumolertinib, lazertinib, befotertinib and have not yet examined all of the marketed EGFR-TKIs. Furthermore, new data for several EGFR-TKIs have been updated (EVAN, LUX-Lung 7, EMERGING-CTONG 1103 and ARCHER 1050 studies). The relative effectiveness and toxicity of all these EGFR-TKIs were limited by the lack of sufficient data from comparison trials. Thus, updates are necessary. Consequently, we conducted a Bayesian NMA to synthetically evaluate the effectiveness and safety of EGFR-TKIs on EGFR mutation-positive NSCLC, even for those with brain metastases. We hoped to overcome the limitations of sample size and face-to-face comparison through our study to conclude the effectiveness ranking and provide theoretical recommendations for clinical practice.",
CRD42023458529,"Define the burden, natural history and outcomes of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis in Africa.","The epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease has been extensively explored in developed countries in contrast to less developed regions. Over recent years, a noticeable rise in the occurrence of inflammatory bowel disease has been observed in sub-Saharan Africa, Asia, and South America, as indicated by recent reports1. This surge has been linked to the adoption of Western dietary patterns and alterations in environmental conditions. The specific characteristics of the diseases, their management, factors contributing to their development, and ultimate consequences in the cases of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease have not been adequately recorded3.
Further research is vital to understand the prevalence, increasing incidence, and treatment outcomes in African populations, both pediatric and adult. Our study aims to bridge these gaps.
1. Ng, Siew C et al.“Worldwide incidence and prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease in the 21st century: a systematic review of population-based studies.” Lancet (London, England) vol. 390, 10114 (2017): 2769-2778. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(17)32448-0
2.Walker AR, Segal I. Epidemiology of noninfective intestinal diseases in various ethnic groups in South Africa. Isr J Med Sci.1979;15(4):309–13.
3.Watermeyer, Gill et al.“Challenges in the diagnosis and management of IBD: a sub-Saharan African perspective.” Therapeutic advances in gastroenterology vol.1617562848231184986. 12 Jul. 2023, doi:10.1177/17562848231184986",
CRD42024536421,Impact of vitamin D supplementation on chronic kidney disease patients?,People with CKD,
CRD420250597781,Does neurofeedback therapy impact cognitive function in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) compared to standard care or no treatment?,"Mild Cognitive Impairment; Alzheimer's Disease Studies meeting the following inclusion criteria will be considered: Participants diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) according to internationally recognized diagnostic criteria. Studies examining the relationship between neurofeedback therapy and Alzheimer's disease/MCI, including randomized controlled trials (RCTs). All included participants are divided into an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group receives neurofeedback therapy (including all forms of neurofeedback techniques, such as EEG-based neurofeedback), while the control group receives conventional pharmacological treatment, waitlist treatment, or no treatment. Studies in which neurofeedback therapy is used as an adjunctive treatment for Alzheimer's disease or MCI, and the control group receives the same adjunctive treatment as the experimental group, will also be included. The article is published in English or Chinese. Studies will be excluded based on the following criteria: Articles that have not undergone peer review, such as theses, conference papers, or grey literature. Duplicate publications, review articles, animal studies, study protocols, editorials, case reports, and meta-analyses. Studies involving participants with other dementias or MCI such as Parkinson's disease, Lewy body dementia, or frontotemporal dementia. Studies with fewer than 10 participants in each group. Studies that do not differentiate between Alzheimer's disease/MCI and other subsequent dementias. Studies meeting the following inclusion criteria will be considered: Participants diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) according to internationally recognized diagnostic criteria. Studies examining the relationship between neurofeedback therapy and Alzheimer's disease/MCI, including randomized controlled trials (RCTs). All included participants are divided into an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group receives neurofeedback therapy (including all forms of neurofeedback techniques, such as EEG-based neurofeedback), while the control group receives conventional pharmacological treatment, waitlist treatment, or no treatment. Studies in which neurofeedback therapy is used as an adjunctive treatment for Alzheimer's disease or MCI, and the control group receives the same adjunctive treatment as the experimental group, will also be included. The article is published in English or Chinese. Studies will be excluded based on the following criteria: Articles that have not undergone peer review, such as theses, conference papers, or grey literature. Duplicate publications, review articles, animal studies, study protocols, editorials, case reports, and meta-analyses. Studies involving participants with other dementias or MCI such as Parkinson's disease, Lewy body dementia, or frontotemporal dementia. Studies with fewer than 10 participants in each group. Studies that do not differentiate between Alzheimer's disease/MCI and other subsequent dementias. Studies meeting the following inclusion criteria will be considered: Participants diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) according to internationally recognized diagnostic criteria. Studies examining the relationship between neurofeedback therapy and Alzheimer's disease/MCI, including randomized controlled trials (RCTs). All included participants are divided into an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group receives neurofeedback therapy (including all forms of neurofeedback techniques, such as EEG-based neurofeedback), while the control group receives conventional pharmacological treatment, waitlist treatment, or no treatment. Studies in which neurofeedback therapy is used as an adjunctive treatment for Alzheimer's disease or MCI, and the control group receives the same adjunctive treatment as the experimental group, will also be included. The article is published in English or Chinese. Studies will be excluded based on the following criteria: Articles that have not undergone peer review, such as theses, conference papers, or grey literature. Duplicate publications, review articles, animal studies, study protocols, editorials, case reports, and meta-analyses. Studies involving participants with other dementias or MCI such as Parkinson's disease, Lewy body dementia, or frontotemporal dementia. Studies with fewer than 10 participants in each group. Studies that do not differentiate between Alzheimer's disease/MCI and other subsequent dementias.",
CRD420250652869,This study aims to investigate the efficacy and safety of therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) for treating patients with autoimmune neurological diseases.,"Neurological Impairment; Autoimmune Disease; Guillain-barre Syndrome; Myasthenia Gravis; Plasma exchange Autoimmune neurological diseases are a group of disorders caused by abnormal immune responses, including Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD), myasthenia gravis (MG), and stiff person syndrome (SPS). These conditions are often associated with severe neurological dysfunction, significantly impacting patients' quality of life and long-term prognosis. Therefore, identifying effective therapeutic strategies is of critical importance. Patients with autoimmune neurological diseases Plasma exchange Therapeutic Plasma Exchange (TPE) PICO tags selected: Immunoglobulins, Intravenous; Placebo Other treatments(intravenous immunoglobulin) or placebo.",
CRD42023479965,"Main Review Question:
What are the diagnostic accuracies (sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value) and the overall diagnostic value (such as the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve) of different physiological, biochemical, immunological, and microbiological parameters for the identification of sepsis subtypes in patients with sepsis?
Specific Sub-questions:
1.Among the clinical diagnostic parameters across the domains of physiology, biochemistry, immunology, and microbiology, what are the differences in diagnostic accuracy for the identification of sepsis subtypes in patients with sepsis?
2.In cohort studies, randomized controlled trials, and prospective studies, which clinical diagnostic parameters demonstrate the highest overall diagnostic value for the identification of sepsis subtypes?
Structured Review Question Using PI(E)COS:
Population: Patients with sepsis
Intervention: Multimodal clinical diagnostic parameters used for the identification of sepsis subtypes
Comparison: The comparison of different types of clinical diagnostic parameters or comparison with traditional standards
Outcomes: Diagnostic accuracy metrics (sensitivity, specificity, predictive values) and overall diagnostic value (e.g., area under the ROC curve)
Study Design: Cohort studies, randomized controlled trials, and prospective studies","This review focuses on sepsis, a critical condition caused by the body's dysregulated response to infection, leading to severe systemic inflammation and organ dysfunction. Despite medical advances, sepsis remains a global health challenge with rising incidence and mortality. Its heterogeneity presents varied clinical manifestations, making accurate diagnosis and treatment vital. This study evaluates the effectiveness and specificity of multimodal clinical diagnostic parameters in identifying sepsis subtypes, crucial for tailored patient management and improving outcomes.",
CRD42025646111,"Upon determining if there is substantial evidence to support the belief that juvenile-onset RRP (JoRRP) presents more aggressively than adult-onset RRP (AoRRP), which risk factors contribute to this difference? Across the clinical course of RRP, how does the severity of the disorder fluctuate long-term for JoRRP vs. AoRRP patients?
Our review aims to provide an updated review of risk factors for aggressive RRP in adults vs. juveniles, while also incorporating how varying treatment modalities contribute to the long-term outlook of disease severity. It would include new treatments not fully reviewed in the previous articles, including CO2 lasers, adjuvant therapies, and HPV vaccinations.","Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) is a disease characterized by the growth of benign papillomas/tumors in the respiratory tract, especially the larynx. It is most caused by HPV 6 and 11.
Symptoms include dysphonia and airway obstruction.",
CRD42024520051,A Critical Overview of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses of Natural Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery(NOTES) for treatment of surgical diseases.,"Surgical diseases require surgery or manipulation as the main means of treatment . They are divided into five major categories: trauma, infection, tumor, deformity and dysfunction. Therefore, surgery has become a unique treatment method of surgery. In order to achieve greater benefits for patients and the healthcare system, it is important for physicians to evaluate surgical modalities and protocols as they continue to innovate.",
CRD420251034942,"This systematic review aims to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy, treatment efficacy, and clinical outcomes of esophageal perforations following anterior cervical spine surgery in adults. Specifically, it will assess which diagnostic methods (imaging, endoscopy, clinical signs) most reliably detect perforations; compare the effectiveness of different management approaches (conservative, endoscopic, surgical); determine optimal intervention timing; and analyze long-term complications. The review seeks to consolidate current evidence to guide clinical decision-making for this serious surgical complication where practice variation persists due to limited high-quality data.",oesophageal perforations after anterior spinal surgery Surgery Inpatient Care Management Initial investigation and management of esophageal perforations.,without anterior cervical spinal surgery
CRD42025640451,"Primary Questions:
In patients undergoing bronchoscopy, how does Remimazolam compare to Dexmedetomidine in terms of procedural success rates?
How does Remimazolam compare to Dexmedetomidine regarding safety outcomes, including the incidence of bradycardia, tachycardia, hypoxia, hypotension, hypertension, and postoperative nausea and vomiting?
Secondary Questions:
Does Remimazolam offer advantages in patient satisfaction compared to Dexmedetomidine?
Are there differences in bronchoscopist satisfaction between Remimazolam and Dexmedetomidine?","Domain: Procedural Sedation in Respiratory Medicine
Description: Evaluation of sedation strategies to ensure effective and safe sedation during diagnostic and therapeutic bronchoscopy, focusing on comparing two distinct sedative agents: Remimazolam (an ultra-short-acting benzodiazepine) and Dexmedetomidine (an alpha-2 adrenergic agonist).",
CRD42023457925,"Primary Question:
What is the effectiveness of acupressure and acupuncture in reducing pain and anxiety and improving outcomes in patients undergoing coronary angiography or percutaneous coronary intervention?
Secondary Questions:
What is the effect of acupressure and acupuncture on systolic blood pressure (SBP) in patients undergoing coronary angiography or percutaneous coronary intervention?
What is the effect of acupressure and acupuncture on diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in patients undergoing coronary angiography or percutaneous coronary intervention?
What is the effect of acupressure and acupuncture on heart rate (HR) in patients undergoing coronary angiography or percutaneous coronary intervention?
What is the effect of acupressure and acupuncture on respiration rate (RR) in patients undergoing coronary angiography or percutaneous coronary intervention?","Coronary angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) are common procedures used in the diagnosis and treatment of coronary artery disease (CAD), a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. While these procedures are necessary, they can be associated with significant levels of pain, anxiety, and physiological stress for patients.
Acupressure and acupuncture are traditional Chinese medicine practices that involve applying pressure or inserting fine needles into specific points on the body to stimulate therapeutic responses. These techniques have been increasingly used as complementary and alternative therapies in various medical conditions, including pain management and anxiety reduction.
By synthesizing the available evidence from RCTs, this meta-analysis aims to provide valuable insights into the potential benefits and limitations of acupressure and acupuncture as adjunctive therapies in the context of invasive cardiac procedures. The findings can contribute to informed decision-making by healthcare professionals and help guide future research in this area.",
CRD42025623875,"Taking “How does traditional Chinese medicine treatment compare with no treatment or conventional Western medicine treatment in terms of its effects on improving muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical function in patients with sarcopenia?” as the writing framework, this research is carried out as a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials on traditional Chinese medicine interventions for the treatment of sarcopenia.","This registered systematic review focuses on the field of sarcopenia. It is a syndrome caused by aging, characterized by decreased skeletal muscle mass, muscle strength and/or physical activity function. It will affect the lives of the elderly and increase many risks. Modern medicine commonly uses nutritional support and exercise rehabilitation for treatment. Traditional Chinese medicine also has a variety of intervention methods, such as taking traditional Chinese medicine internally, applying it externally, acupuncture and massage. This systematic review will comprehensively evaluate the efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicine in treating this disease through network meta-analysis, compare the differences among different intervention measures, and provide evidence-based evidence for clinical decision-making.",
CRD42023486399,"Population: Premature infants presenting with Retinopathy
Intervention: Different anti-VEGF therapies (bevacizumab, aflibercept etc.)
Control: Laser photocoagulation
Outcomes: Ocular safety measure by retreatment rate, retinal detachment, time to retreatment, while efficacy will be assessed by reduction in myopia and anisometropia","Retinopathy of prematurity is a disorder of retinal vasculature affecting pre-term infants. It is one of the leading causes of childhood preventable blindness, resulting from retinal neovascularization.",
CRD420250653365,"The management of Rheumatoid Arthritis-associated Interstitial Lung Disease (RA-ILD) presents a significant therapeutic challenge due to the expanding array of treatment options, including conventional DMARDs, biological agents, antifibrotic drugs, and various combination therapies. While multiple randomized controlled trials and observational studies have evaluated individual treatments, there is a critical knowledge gap regarding the comparative effectiveness and safety profiles across the full spectrum of available therapies. Traditional pairwise meta-analyses are limited by their inability to synthesize evidence from trials with different comparators. A network meta-analysis uniquely addresses this limitation by enabling both direct and indirect comparisons of multiple interventions simultaneously, providing a comprehensive hierarchy of treatment effectiveness while accounting for both UIP and non-UIP patterns. This approach will generate crucial evidence to inform clinical decision-making, particularly regarding the optimal therapeutic strategy for different patient subgroups based on disease patterns and severity measures, including FVC and DLCO predictions. Furthermore, this analysis will help identify knowledge gaps in current evidence and guide future research directions in RA-ILD management.","Recent years have witnessed increasing diversification in therapeutic approaches for Rheumatoid Arthritis-associated Interstitial Lung Disease (RA-ILD), evolving from conventional glucocorticoids and immunosuppressants to novel biological agents and targeted therapies, thereby expanding the therapeutic arsenal available to patients. While numerous international clinical trials have evaluated the efficacy of various treatment regimens, these investigations have predominantly focused on direct comparisons between select therapeutic agents. Although research on RA-ILD continues to advance in China, there remains a paucity of systematic therapeutic protocol evaluations. The current trajectory in treatment development is oriented toward precision medicine, necessitating more comprehensive evidence-based medical support.",
CRD420250631714,"In adult patients with COPD or chronic asthma, does an intervention based on the application of biofeedback, compared to sham treatment and standard treatment, lead to a reduction in stress and psychological distress, an improvement in respiratory function, and a better quality of life?","Asthma exacerbation; COPD Exacerbation Chronic respiratory diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and chronic asthma, are characterized by marked airflow limitation and impaired lung capacity. These conditions frequently manifest with debilitating symptoms, such as persistent breathing difficulties, chronic coughing, chest tightness, and fatigue. Such symptoms significantly reduce quality of life and are often accompanied by stress, anxiety, and depression, further worsening the disease. In COPD, chronic airway obstruction is progressive and often irreversible, while in chronic asthma, patients experience recurrent bronchospasms, sometimes triggered by psychological factors like stress. Managing stress and psychological distress is central to improving clinical outcomes, as stress increases the frequency and severity of respiratory flare-ups, worsening lung function. In this context, biofeedback emerges as a promising non-pharmacological intervention for stress and psychological distress management in COPD and asthma. By monitoring physiological signals like heart rate, respiratory rate, or skin conductance, biofeedback helps patients gain awareness and control over bodily responses. This approach reduces perceived stress, improves emotional regulation, and enhances respiratory symptom management and disease progression. - Adults - Hospitalized or ambulatory care patients - Studies including patients diagnosed with asthma or COPD (it should be present a group or, at least, a subgroup) and where it is possible to extrapolate data from them - No limitations with respect to specific comorbidities - There must be a specification that patients do not undergo non-pharmacological interventions - All 4 levels of COPD - Confirmed diagnosis of a chronic respiratory disease according to gold criteria (Patel, 2024). - Participants who have received or are receiving standard treatment for their condition - Studies that have applied biofeedback interventions specifically for stress and psychological distress management. Patel, N. (2024). An update on COPD prevention, diagnosis, and management: The 2024 GOLD Report. The Nurse Practitioner, 49(6), 29-36. Biofeedback Procedure - Studies using biofeedback devices to treat adult patients with a confirmed diagnosis of chronic respiratory disease. - Studies published in English or Italian from inception until October 2025 - Studies reporting specific outcome measures related to and psychological distress management, such as reduction in anxiety symptoms, improvement in quality of life, or improvement in stress-related physiological parameters. - Studies detailing intervention methodology, including biofeedback sessions, treatment duration, and technical specifications of devices used. PICO tags selected: Sham Intervention ; Usual Care; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Breathing Exercises; Placebo; Progressive Muscle Relaxation - Randomised and controlled studies - Quasi-randomised and controlled studies - Prospective studies - Quasi-experimental studies - Double and single-blind studies - Studies for which full-text is available - Studies published in English or Italian until October 2025 - Studies with adult participants with chronic respiratory diseases Each included study should provide details on: - The specific study population (age, diagnosis, etc.). - The detailed description of stress and psychological distress reduction techniques used as a control or comparison. - The measured results and evaluation methodologies adopted, to ensure comparability of data","- Studies including patients with other diseases - Other patients with other chronic respiratory diseases (tumour; fibrosis) - Non-pharmacological treatments other than biofeedback - Studies that do not separate the effects of biofeedback from other therapeutic interventions without a clear control group. - Minors - Articles not in English or Italian, unless reliable translations are available. - Studies that do not distinguish the effects of biofeedback from other forms of treatment without a clear control group. - Research with a study population that includes minors or patients with other conditions. - Non-peer-reviewed publications that do not provide sufficient detail for a qualitative assessment. - Studies that include non-evidence-based stress and psychological distress management techniques, such as unvalidated alternative therapies - Research that does not allow a clear comparison between groups, lacking an adequate control or comparison group - Studies that do not describe methodology or results in detail - Non-peer-reviewed articles - Other types of studies not mentioned above"
CRD42020193289,compare and rank different moxibustion methods to see which treatment is most effective for lumbar disc herniation,"Lumbar disc herniation is a clinical common disease and frequently-occurring disease with waist pain as the main symptoms, the intervertebral disc degeneration, bulgin, herniated and stimulation and oppressive nerve root and horsetail nerve is its pathogenesis, the disease can occur as the disease progresses gradually nerve compression, inflammation and local tissue microcirculation, which seriously affects patients' daily life.",
CRD42021224750,The aim of this meta-analysis is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of 5 fluorouracil-based adjuvant therapy for resected biliary tract cancer.,"Bile duct cancer (starting in the bile duct) is an uncommon malignant tumour.The benefit of 5-fluorouracil based adjuvant therapy for biliary tract cancer is unclear, with conflicting results from nonrandomized studies.",
CRD420250655600,What are the contemporary therapeutic interventions for balance rehabilitation of children with down syndrome?,Neurological Diseases ( e.g. Down Syndrome ) Children with neurological diseases (e.g. Down Syndrome) Contemporary Therapeutic Interventions Conventional Therapy or Non-exposed Control Group.,
CRD420250656551,1. What are the novel biomarkers discovered through metabolomics and proteomics that are linked to the onset and progression of chronic complications in diabetes mellitus?2. Which pathways play central role in the onset and development of these complications?,"Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a significant global health concern. It is a major contributor to a broad spectrum of chronic diseases, including microvascular complications (retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy), and macrovascular complications (cardiovascular diseases, peripheral artery disease, and cerebrovascular accidents). These complications not only severely impair quality of life but also pose a considerable economic burden on healthcare systems. Recent advances in metabolomic, lipidomic, and proteomic profiling have provided promising opportunities for the identification of novel, less invasive, and cost-effective biomarkers. Such biomarkers could facilitate early detection and precise monitoring of diabetic complications, while also offering potential therapeutic targets for improving disease prognosis. Our review focuses on individuals diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. This includes type 1 and type 2 diabetes, while gestational diabetes mellitus will be excluded from our study. Some studies also included healthy control groups for comparison. The participant populations in the included studies are primarily composed of individuals with type 1 or type 2 diabetes, with a subset of studies incorporating healthy controls. Metabolomics (including lipidomics) and proteomics techniques (LC-MS, GC-MS, NMR, CE-MS, PEA, et al.) are employed to identify novel biomarkers associated with diabetic complications. Longitudinal comparisons OR Healthy controls OR Diabetic patients without complications OR Patients with different stages of complications.",
CRD42024513738,"The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to evaluate the efficacy, oncologic safety, and optimal timing of staged nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) following nipple repositioning surgery (mastopexy or breast reduction) in patients with large or ptotic breasts.",Mastectomy; Breast Cancer; Reduction Mammoplasty Prophylactic or oncoplastic nipple-sparing mastectomy in ptotic breasts following mastopexy or breast reduction Patients with enlarged or ptotic breasts who undergo nipple sparing mastectomy following mastopexy or breast reduction Bilateral Reduction Mammoplasty; Reduction Mammoplasty; Skin Sparing Mastectomy Nipple sparing mastectomy following mastopexy or breast reduction PICO tags selected: Reduction Mammoplasty Not applicable,
CRD420250655762,How cytotoxic t cells- derived exosomes exert cytotoxicity against cancer?,Cancer All animal species and cell lines,Cancer therapy without using TCD8-derived exosome
CRD42020160460,"Does specific parasites and their component have a protective effect on the severity and prognosis of Systematic lupus erythematosus (SLE)?
Population:animal model of SLE
Intervention: intervention with live parasite or synthetic parasitic component

Comparison: no intervention with live parasite or synthetic parasitic component or intervention with placebo controls like Phosphate-buffered saline
Outcome: severity and prognosis of SLE","systematic lupus erythematosus (SLE) All lupus-prone animals (Mice, Rat, Hamster or any others), with any gender or age groups who received any parasitic antigens for treatment systematic lupus erythematous. All component derived from helminths, protozoans, or intervention with any parasitic antigens along with comparative interventions, placebo controls and other conventional treatments will be considered. the non-exposed controls and placebo groups will be included.",Animals with other autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis will be excluded. therapeutic interventions like bacterial and viral interventions will be excluded. any other control group without non-exposed controls and placebo groups.
CRD42020190300,What are the current treatment options for COVID-19?,"The COVID-19 pandemic is a serious global health threat.
Symptoms may appear 2-14 days after exposure to the virus, which can be fever or chills, cough, shortness of breath or difficulty breathing, fatigue, muscle or body ache, headache, the new loss of taste or smell, sore throat, congestion or runny nose, nausea or vomiting or diarrhea.
CDC is working closely with the World Health Organization (WHO) and other partners to assist countries to prepare for and respond to COVID-19.
At present, clinical studies on the COVID-19 treatment options are very limited, and the effectiveness and safety remain uncertain due to controversial results.
Hence, this systematic review aims to capture the latest available data from clinical studies and published papers to summarize the efficacy and safety of current antiviral agents associated with COVID-19 treatment.",
CRD420250596885,"Our health care question was defined a priori using the PICOS (Population, Intervention, Comparator, Outcomes, and Study design) format. Population: male and female patients >18 years old with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Intervention: patients with CKD were treated by stem cell therapy. Comparison: not available or standard CKD therapy. Outcome: the value of eGFR before and after stem cell therapy. Study design: prospective randomized controlled trial, original research, and comparative study investigating the efficacy of MSC stem cell therapy in CKD patients, using eGFR data as a reference for therapeutic effect","Chronic Kidney Disease; Stem Cell Therapy Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health problem that is associated with an age-related impairment of renal function, which can be exacerbated by several risk factors such as diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, and a family history of kidney failure. Stem cells based therapy is a novel approach that takes advantage of the pro-regenerative properties of stem cells and their bio products to induce the repair of damaged or dysfunctional cells and tissues in the human body. This systematic review, conducted following PRISMA guidelines and employing the PICO format, aim to explore about role of stem cell therapy in CKD patient through investigating the dynamics in eGFR as a marker to assess the therapeutic effects. Inclusion: Male and female patients, >18 years old with CKD of various etiologies Stem Cell Therapy Stem cell therapy is defined as the intravenous administration of stem cells to patients, with therapeutic effect measured by comparing eGFR values before and after stem cell administration over a specified time period (or with control group where available) PICO tags selected: Placebo; Usual Care A non exposed control group or not applicable",Exclusion: Under 18 years of age
CRD42025641451,Do injectable hydrogel formulations containing cisplatin exhibit antitumor effects on breast cancer in both in vitro and in vivo studies,"Breast Neoplasms all animal models with experimental cancer in which metastasis can develop (all species, all sexes). Studies must involve the administration of injectable hydrogels as a delivery system for cisplatin.
Hydrogels used must allow localized, sustained release of cisplatin. free injectable hydrogel control animals","animals with co-morbidities • Studies that do not specifically evaluate cisplatin-loaded hydrogels as an intervention.
• Studies where the hydrogel formulation is not injectable or does not involve localized delivery of cisplatin. all other control conditions"
CRD420251002547,"To evaluate and compare the efficacy (BRMS reduction, response rates) and safety (adverse events) of quetiapine monotherapy versus its combination therapies (valproate salts, lamotrigine, lithium, MECT) for bipolar manic episodes. This network meta-analysis aims to rank interventions, identify optimal regimens, assess regional differences (East vs. West), and inform evidence-based clinical guidelines through synthesized direct/indirect comparisons.",Adults (≥18 years) with bipolar manic episodes diagnosed by DSM-5/ICD-11 criteria. Quetiapine Quetiapine alone or in combination with other therapies PICO tags selected: Quetiapine Quetiapine monotherapy or conventional therapy or placebo.,"Comorbid severe physical diseases (e.g., renal insufficiency) or other psychiatric disorders (e.g., schizophrenia). Quetiapine combined with non-target therapies."
CRD42024609978,"This systematic review aims to comprehensively evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Rilonacept in treating recurrent pericarditis. The primary research question addresses whether Rilonacept demonstrates superior therapeutic outcomes compared to standard treatment or placebo in patients with recurrent pericarditis, specifically focusing on symptom resolution, disease recurrence rates, and quality of life improvements. Several secondary research questions will be investigated: (1) What is the time to symptom resolution and CRP normalization in patients treated with Rilonacept? (2) What are the long-term clinical response rates and maintenance of remission outcomes in patients receiving Rilonacept therapy? (3) What is the safety profile and incidence of adverse events associated with Rilonacept treatment? Following the PICOS framework, this review will include patients diagnosed with recurrent pericarditis (Population), examining Rilonacept therapy (Intervention) compared to placebo or standard treatments including NSAIDs and corticosteroids (Comparison). The primary outcomes comprise time to symptom resolution and disease recurrence rates, while secondary outcomes include time to CRP normalization, duration of clinical response, quality of life improvements, and adverse event rates (Outcomes). The review will encompass various study designs, including randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, and case-control studies (Study design). This comprehensive evaluation will provide essential evidence-based insights into the therapeutic value of Rilonacept in managing recurrent pericarditis, potentially informing clinical decision-making and treatment guidelines.","Recurrent pericarditis is characterized by repeated episodes of pericardial inflammation following an initial acute episode, with recurrence defined as the return of symptoms after a minimum symptom-free interval of 4-6 weeks. The condition affects the pericardium, the fibrous sac surrounding the heart, and manifests primarily through chest pain, which is typically sharp and pleuritic in nature, often accompanied by fever, dyspnea, and constitutional symptoms. While the exact prevalence remains unclear, approximately 15-30% of patients with acute pericarditis experience recurrence, with some developing a chronic, debilitating course characterized by multiple relapses. The pathogenesis often involves immune-mediated mechanisms, although the precise triggers may vary. Traditional management has relied on combinations of NSAIDs, colchicine, and corticosteroids, but treatment-resistant cases present significant therapeutic challenges. The condition significantly impacts patients' quality of life and poses substantial healthcare burden, highlighting the need for more effective therapeutic strategies.",
CRD42023457311,Does licorice has effect on oral mucositis patients in both men or women with history of any type cancer treated with chemotherapy or radiotherapy?,improvement on pain scale and grading of oral mucositis.,
CRD42021265957,"AIM 1: To compare and evaluate the clinical outcomes after angioplasty in diabetic and non-diabetic patients.
AIM 2: To observe antiplatelet therapy after angioplasty in diabetic and non-diabetic.",Therapeutic clinical outcome after angioplasty in diabetic and non-diabetic,
CRD420251000153,What are the effects of proprioceptive exercise on postural balance in people with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction?,individual with unilateral Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Reconstruction: This includes both male and female individual who have undergone surgery for ACL injuries Virtual Reality; Proprioceptive Exercises; Physical Exercises Intervention involves the use of Proprioception and Virtual Reality PICO tags selected: Placebo; Rehabilitation Therapy; Usual Care No intervention and conventional rehabilitation Randomized control trials (RCTs) and semi-experimental studies,"In the reports, in addition to a previous anterior cruciate ligament injury, the participants also had other injuries to the knee area. Control criteria not met Postintervention results not report Systematic reviews, meta-analysis, Ph.D. thesis, case studies, comments"
CRD42024562111,"The disease is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease , the intervention measures are different chinese patent medicines, and the research method is randomized control.","Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a disease caused by chronic bronchitis and emphysema, characterized by persistent airflow restriction and respiratory symptoms , with further aggravation leading to pulmonary heart disease and respiratory failure. It has become the fourth most deadly disease in the world.Proprietary Chinese medicine is a traditional Chinese medicine preparation made under the guidance of traditional Chinese medicine theory. It has the characteristics of multi-component, multi-pathway and multi-target. It is favored by patients because of its advantages of simple administration, exact efficacy and small adverse reactions. In recent years, the development of Chinese patent medicines has been rapid, such as Yupingfeng granule, Bailing capsule, Jinshuibao capsule, and supplementing lung and Huoxue capsule, etc., have been listed as recommended therapeutic drugs in the stable stage of COPD by relevant guidelines . However, the wide variety of PCM for stable COPD treatment and the lack of direct comparison evidence on the market makes it difficult for clinicians to make the best decision.Therefore, this study conducted a network meta-analysis to comprehensively compare the proprietary Chinese medicines for the treatment of stable COPD, aiming to provide a reliable evidence-based basis for the clinical treatment of stable COPD, and also provide doctors with more scientific treatment options.",
CRD420251019839,"To systematically review and synthesize existing literature on marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) presenting with skeletal (bone) involvement and/or hypercalcemia, with the aim to:","Inclusion criteria:  Diagnostic imaging; Chemotherapy; Bisphosphonates; Denosumab This review focuses on exposure rather than intervention. Included studies must describe cases of marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) with either: The review will include patients regardless of specific treatment received, but will record interventions such as:",Exclusion criteria:
CRD420251005386,"This systematic review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of artificial intelligence (AI), including machine learning and deep learning methods, in the interpretation of 2D transthoracic echocardiographic (TTE) images for the assessment of acute cardiovascular conditions. Specifically, the review seeks to determine whether AI-assisted analysis can improve diagnostic accuracy, reproducibility, and efficiency compared to expert interpretation in emergency settings.","Adults (≥18 years old) undergoing transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) for urgent cardiac assessment. Patients with acute cardiovascular conditions, including cardiogenic shock, myocardial infarction, acute heart failure, and suspected pericardial effusion. Artificial intelligence; Point Of Care Testing Application of AI (machine/deep learning) algorithms in the analysis of 2D transthoracic echocardiography images (including POCUS) to support rapid diagnosis. PICO tags selected: Transthoracic Echocardiography The review includes studies that compare AI-based transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) analysis with: Expert Interpretation: Manual echocardiographic assessment performed by experienced cardiologists or sonographers. Standard Echocardiographic Measurement Methods: Conventional techniques such as Simpson's biplane method for left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) calculation. Reference Diagnostic Modalities: Comparisons with gold-standard imaging methods, such as cardiac MRI or invasive hemodynamic assessment. Clinical Outcomes: Studies that assess whether AI-assisted echocardiography influences patient outcomes, such as time to diagnosis, treatment initiation, or mortality reduction. Non-AI-Assisted Echocardiography: Studies where echocardiographic interpretation is performed without artificial intelligence assistance, serving as a benchmark for AI evaluation.",Pediatric patients (&lt;18 years old) and studies involving animal models.
CRD42022299464,"Biliary drainage aims to lower the hyper bilirubinemia, either to relieve jaundice related symptoms or to enable administration of systemic therapy. Different modalities are available for biliary drainage such as endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC) and endoscopic ultrasound (EUS). Usually ERCP is the first choice, but PTC or EUS can be considered if ERCP fails or is not feasible, for example due to surgically altered anatomy or duodenal obstruction. Effective biliary drainage can be difficult to achieve, especially in case of complex hilar strictures. In addition, biliary drainage carries the risk of adverse events such as cholangitis, pancreatitis or stent dysfunction. These events may negatively impact survival and the quality of the last phase of patients’ life. The potential benefit of biliary drainage should be weighed against the risks of biliary drainage. This is especially relevant for patients with malignant obstructive jaundice, since survival can be significantly improved by currently available palliative treatment regimens.Therefore, we conducted the first systematic review to identify available literature, to quantify technical success, clinical success, adverse events, systemic therapy administration and survival after biliary drainage in mCRC patients, and to summarize determinants that influenced these outcomes.","However, stents only play a role in drainage with no inhibitive effect on tumors, and might induce an in-stent restenosis or obstruction in a long run, which has been a key factor affecting the therapeutic efficacy. Some scholars treated malignant biliary tract obstruction with stent combined with radiotherapy or chemotherapy, but the effect has not been ideal. In the recent years, it has been reported that the stent implantation combined with percutaneous puncture implantation of 125I, or other radioactive isotopic particles, can be used in treatingmalignant biliary tract obstruction by relieving obstruction with stent and resisting the tumor with brachytherapy, showing a better efficacy inextending the patient survival period.",
CRD42024495119,"What are the characteristics of reported Allergic Fungal Rhinosinusitis (AFRS) cases in the Eastern Mediterranean Region regarding clinical presentations, diagnostic criteria, treatment methods, and outcomes? What are the fungi involved in AFRS in the Eastern Mediterranean region? Are the types of causative fungi related to any specific risk factors in this region?","Allergic fungal rhinosinusitis (AFRS) is a type of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). It's distinguished by heightened sensitivity to antifungal IgE, mucus rich in eosinophils (allergic mucin), and distinct imaging results on computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in the sinuses. AFRS manifests in individuals with a normal immune system, and its occurrence can be impacted by factors like climate, location, and various host-related elements that have been identified. Different fungus species could be involved in AFRS. Identifying these causative fungal agents can help to choose effective treatment methods.",
CRD42022337769,Does carrying certain mitochondrial mutations increase the risk of developing sensorineural hearing loss after exposure to aminoglycosides in humans?,"Aminoglycosides are an important class of antibiotics in our therapeutic arsenal against aerobic Gramnegative bacteria, such as Pseudomonas spp. and Enterobacteriaceae. They are also important drugs in the
treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. However, ototoxicity associated with aminoglycoside use is a
recognised complication of aminoglycoside therapy. Aminoglycoside-induced ototoxicity can be subdivided
into (i) vestibulotoxicity, presenting as disequilibrium; and (ii) cochleotoxicity presenting with sensorineural
hearing loss (SNHL). Most individuals who receive aminoglycoside treatment do not develop hearing loss;
however, those that do demonstrate a pattern of matrilineal inheritance. This pointed to early research efforts
to the mitochondrial genome. A range of mitochondrial mutations has been associated with SNHL, many of
which are located on the 12s rRNA gene. Additionally, there is a range of nuclear mutations which are known
to contribute to non-syndromic forms of hearing loss such as the GJB2 mutation. The complex interplay
between these genes remains an important area of research to enable the identification of patients
susceptible to ototoxicity. Therefore, the aim of this review was to evaluate the pharmacogenetic
determinants of aminoglycoside-induced ototoxicity in humans.",
CRD42019128168,This study evaluated the effectiveness of fire needle in the treatment of nodular prurigo to determine whether fire needles are worthy of promotion.,"Conventional treatments for nodular prurigo are not suitable for patients with a large number of lesions, which are likely to relapse. Fire needle therapy is a traditional treatment that stimulates the meridians, dredges the meridians and collaterals, and accelerates the flow of Qi and blood, consequently dissipating the nodules and reducing swelling. It is an effective therapy for nodular prurigo.",
CRD42021254527,Does Botulinum Toxin Type A help in the treatment of Myofascial Pain Syndrome?,"Myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) is a regional pain disorder caused by taut bands of muscle fibers in skeletal muscles called myofascial trigger points. MPS is a common disorder, often diagnosed and treated by physiatrists.",
CRD42024580482,"Sarcopenia is an age-related syndrome of muscle quality, strength, and function decline, with current prevalence rates of 12.3% in urban Chinese men and 4.8% in women, 6.4% in rural Chinese men and 11.5% in women. With the aging crisis worsening, the prevalence of sarcopenia is increasing, which may lead to a decline in the elderly's mobility function, causing falls, fractures, and even disability, seriously affecting their quality of life and imposing a heavy burden on patients, families, and society. Traditional Chinese exercise is a therapeutic, aerobic mind-body exercise that originated in traditional Chinese medicine and is a major component of non-pharmacological Chinese medicine. It mainly includes Yi Jing, Tai Chi, Liu Zi Jue, Ba Duan Jin, and Five-animal exercises. Its features include gentle movements and emphasis on mind-body relaxation. There have been studies showing the significant effects of traditional Chinese exercise on improving patients' physical conditions, including metabolic diseases, degenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, respiratory system diseases, endocrine diseases, and cancer. Currently, more and more clinical trials are using traditional Chinese exercise to treat sarcopenia. However, the conclusions drawn from existing studies have always been controversial, and the evidence provided by these studies needs to be evaluated. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis on the effectiveness of traditional Chinese exercise for sarcopenia patients.","Sarcopenia is an age-related syndrome characterized by progressive loss of muscle mass, muscle strength, and/or physical function (ICD-10 code M62.84). Its features include decreased muscle mass, decreased muscle strength, and/or impaired physical function. The latest version of the Asian Sarcopenia Diagnosis and Treatment Consensus (AWGS) in 2019 recommends using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) or bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) methods to measure muscle mass, and expressing it through the calculation of the skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) of the limbs (DXA: men < 7.0 kg/m2, women < 5.4 kg/m2; BIA: men < 7.0 kg/m2, women < 5.7 kg/m2). A combination of walking speed (≤ 0.8 m/s) or grip strength (men < 26 kg, women < 18 kg) can be used to diagnose sarcopenia.",
CRD42023448069,The present study aims to investigate the impact of resveratrol on oral neoplastic parameters through a systematic review and meta-analysis.,The present study aims to investigate the impact of resveratrol on oral neoplastic parameters through a systematic review and meta-analysis.,
CRD420251029187,Review Objectives,"Inclusion Criteria (Population) Human Subjects: Studies involving patients of any age or gender diagnosed with oral cancer, particularly oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Studies involving patients with precancerous oral lesions (e.g., leukoplakia, erythroplakia, oral submucous fibrosis) will also be included if the focus is on prevention. In Vitro Cell Line Studies: Studies utilizing human or animal oral cancer cell lines (e.g., SCC-9, SCC-25, CAL-27) to assess anticancer effects of phytochemicals. Intervention (I) studies involoving administration of phytochemicals or herbal compounds, either: 1. As a standalone intervention  2. As an adjunct to conventional therapies (e.g., chemotherapy, radiotherapy)  3. Forms may include crude extracts, isolated compounds, nanoformulations, or combination phytochemicals C – Comparator The inclusion criteria include studies that involve the following: - Placebo - Standard conventional therapy (e.g., chemotherapy, radiotherapy) - Vehicle control (e.g., saline, DMSO) - No treatment controls Study Design The review includes the following studies: - Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) - Non-randomized trials - Preclinical in vivo animal studies - In vitro cancer cell line studies","Exclusion Criteria (Population) Studies on non-oral cancers (e.g., lung, breast, prostate, etc.). Healthy populations without any focus on oral cancer prevention or treatment.  Studies involving non-phytochemical interventions (e.g., synthetic drugs without plant origin).  Populations with multifactorial or mixed-type cancers where oral cancer data is not separable. Exclusion criteria: The studies involving - Synthetic or chemical anticancer drugs without plant origin - Studies using non-plant-based or homeopathic remedies - Studies where phytochemicals are not the main focus C – Comparator The exclusion criteria include studies that involve the following: - Studies with no control group - Comparisons with unrelated interventions (e.g., vaccines, immunotherapies not involving phytochemicals) The following study designs will be excluded - Narrative reviews, letters, commentaries - Protocol-only or withdrawn/retired studies - Conference abstracts without full data - Non-original research"
CRD42020192440,"The objective of the current review is to conduct a systematic literature review (SLR), with a focus on studies investigating therapeutic regimens in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) who have received as part of their previous therapy an immunomodulatory agent (IMiD), proteasome inhibitor (PI), and an anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody (MoAB) (i.e., triple class-exposed).","The condition of interest is RRMM. Multiple myeloma (MM) accounts for 1% of all cancers worldwide and approximately 10% of hematological neoplasms. In the European Union (EU) and the US, approximately 50 000 patients are diagnosed with MM and 30 000 patients die due to MM each year. Modern treatment plans focus on increasing the survival, response rate, and prolonging progression free survival (PFS) of MM patients. The treatment for MM depends on previous treatment, age, and comorbidities. Autologous stem cell transplantation is commonplace in the treatment of MM. Recent therapies, including IMiDs (thalidomide, lenalidomide, and pomalidomide), PIs (bortezomib [VELCADE®], ixazomib, and carfilzomib), and more recently, MoABs (daratumumab [DARZALEX®], isatuximab, and elotuzumab) have substantially improved treatment outcomes for patients with MM in the last decade. Despite these recent advancements in treatment, MM remains an incurable malignancy and most patients experience relapse and require additional therapy. New, more efficacious treatment options are required for RRMM to extend survival, prevent disease progression, and improve quality of life.",
CRD420251020743,The effect of Tai Chi intervention on people with fatigue,Adults suffering from fatigue symptoms Tai Chi PICO tags selected: Usual Care,
CRD420251001926,1. What are the short-term and long-term outcomes of different treatment options for trigger finger?,patient with trigger finger at any severity Injection; Splint; Surgery; Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy PICO tags selected: Surgery; Exercise therapy,nil
CRD42020160959,To identify the impact of sedentary behaviors on the risk of depression,"Depression is a common mental disorder and major human blight that affects up to 25% of women and 12% of men. According to the World Health Organization, around 350 million people had suffered from depression in 2010. Specific clinical and therapeutic features for depression have been described in childhood and the elderly respectively. Research has found depression to be more common in women than men, and sex differences have been found to have age specific effects on the risk of depression. However, it remains controversial whether this effect was consistent in adults, as a great deal of research have contradicted their findings or drawn out statistically non-significant conclusions.",
CRD42023391773,"In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we intend to conduct qualitative and quantitative analyzes of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in which therapeutic exercise was performed on sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults.",Community-Dwelling Elderly with Sarcopenia,
CRD42021297098,This study was carried out to provide evidence-based recommendations on the efficacy of all currently clinically used pharmacological treatments for mania.,"Bipolar disorder is a mental illness that is highly likely to result in severe dysfunction and a high state of mind. Pleasant and joyful; racing thoughts; accelerated association processes; psychomotor excitement, and accompanied by severe social problems and physical and mental impairment. The lifetime prevalence of manic and hypomanic episodes was 7.5% and 5.3%.",
CRD42024605435,Are 5HT2A receptor agonists effective in reducing depressive symptoms in patients with treatment-resistant depression?,"Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) refers to major depressive disorder that does not respond adequately to at least two different antidepressant treatments. This condition is associated with severe symptoms, impaired functioning, and poor quality of life. Recent interest has emerged in the potential role of 5HT2A receptor agonists as a novel therapeutic approach for reducing depressive symptoms in TRD patients. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate the effectiveness of 5HT2A receptor agonists in improving outcomes for individuals with TRD.",
CRD42021278977,To systematic review the efficacy of moxibustion for menstrual irregularities.,menstrual irregularities.Irregular menstruation is a common clinical gynecological disease.The treatment based on moxibustion has less side effects and higher safety factor than the routine treatment of western medicine.,
CRD42024627816,"1. What factors contribute to bacterial vaginosis (BV), such as the impact of fluctuating hormone levels, lifestyle differences, and environmental factors? (Etiology aspect - Exposure)
2. How does the imbalance in the vaginal microecology and overabundance of pathogenic bacteria lead to the start, progression, and relapse of BV? (Etiology aspect - Etiology mechanism)
3. What are the common complications associated with bacterial vaginosis? (Complications aspect)
4. What are the current clinical signs and laboratory testing methods used for diagnosing BV, and why is early and accurate diagnosis complex? (Diagnostic modalities aspect)
5. What are the existing therapeutic strategies for BV, and why are they inefficient and have a high recurrence rate? (Therapeutic strategies aspect)
6. How can the overall management of bacterial vaginosis be improved in clinical practice? (Overall management aspect)
7. How can the cooperative development and progress between research and clinical practice in bacterial vaginosis be promoted? (Research and clinical practice cooperation aspect)","The condition being studied is bacterial vaginosis (BV). Bacterial vaginosis is a common vaginal infection. It is mainly characterized by an imbalance in the vaginal microecology with an overgrowth of pathogenic bacteria. Factors like fluctuating hormone levels, differences in lifestyle, and various environmental aspects influence it. Multiple complications often accompany BV. The diagnosis currently relies on clinical signs and laboratory testing, yet early and accurate diagnosis is challenging. Moreover, existing treatments could be more effective, and the recurrence rate is high.",
CRD42024552021,Can interventions change the big five personality traits?,Big five Personality changes. Evaluation of Results of Therapeutic Interventions,
CRD420250631239,Can exosomal microRNAs be utilized as therapeutic tools to mitigate or reverse the pathological processes associated with Alzheimer’s disease?,"Alzheimer's disease Animal studies on Alzheimer’s disease in rats and mice, focused on amyloid beta pathology and/or tau hyperphosphorylation and/or behavior tests for learning and memory. Treatment using exosomes carrying miRNA; no restriction will be applied on duration, route of administration, and dose of treatments.","Clinical, ex vivo, in vitro, and in silico studies. Using miRNA and exosomes as diagnostic tools. - Animals not modeled for Alzheimer's disease, not receiving exosomal microRNAs.- Animals not modeled for Alzheimer's disease, receiving exosomal microRNAs"
CRD42021286575,"In the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma, randomized controlled trials of four first-line treatment regimens were found based on pre-defined search terms ""sorafenib, lenvatinib, sintilimab plus bevacizumab, atezolizumab plus bevacizumab"".","Liver cancer remains a global health challenge and its incidence is growing worldwide. It is estimated
that, by 2025, >1 million individuals will be affected by liver cancer annually. Hepatocellular carcinoma
(HCC) is the most common form of liver cancer and accounts for ~90% of cases.",
CRD42024590945,"Can insulin resistance in an isolated organ be considered ""in situ diabetes""?","While peripheral insulin resistance (IR) has been extensively investigated, our understanding of organ-specific IR remains limited. Thus, we propose the term ""in situ diabetes mellitus,"" or “type 6 diabetes mellitus” (T6DM) where individual organs develop IR independently of systemic metabolic disturbances. This knowledge gap is particularly significant given the growing recognition of the heterogeneity of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), suggesting that organ-specific therapeutic approaches may be required.
The understanding of tissue-specific IR has evolved over the years, with recent advances focusing on the intricate mechanisms underlying this condition. Our concept of T6DM refers to the localized development of IR in specific organs, such as the brain, hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid, lung, heart, liver, pancreas, kidneys, spleen, small intestine, large intestine, muscle, adipose tissue, vessels, ovaries, and testicles, independent of systemic insulin sensitivity.",
CRD42020196452,To compare and rank several active immunotherapeutic approaches in the treatment of malignant melanoma to better inform clinical practice.,"Melanoma with a high somatic mutation frequency, is one of the most aggressive and life-threatening solid tumors and associated with a poor prognosis.",
CRD420251035859,Objective:,"Adults aged 18 years and older Wheelchair athletes (e.g., wheelchair basketball, rugby, tennis, badminton, seated volleyball) Diagnosed with spinal cord injury (e.g., paraplegia, tetraplegia) Experiencing shoulder pain or shoulder-related musculoskeletal complaints Participants involved in competitive or recreational wheelchair sports Studies published in English or German Physiotherapy; Exercise therapy; Resistance training ; Stretching Exercises; Postural Exercises; Muscle Strength Exercise; Skills Training; Respiratory Therapy; Mobility training exercises; Home Exercise Program; Ultrasound therapy; Biofeedback Procedure; Therapeutic Taping; Manual Therapy This study will mainly focus on RCTs and Non-RCTs. As well as Cohort studies and controlled clinical trials with a clearly defined intervention and measurable outcomes. Plus Pilot studies and Quantitative studies examining treatment or prevention of shoulder pain in wheelchair athletes.","Non-athletic wheelchair users Participants with other neurological or musculoskeletal conditions not related to spinal cord injury Studies focusing on children or adolescents (under 18 years) Studies not reporting on shoulder-related outcomes Studies not available in English or German Studies focusing solely on surgical and medical interventions. Interventions applied to non-athletic wheelchair users or general populations without spinal cord injury. Studies without a clearly defined intervention protocol Case reports, case series, expert opinions, and reviews Studies not involving interventions related to shoulder pain Studies not available in full text or not peer-reviewed Studies older than 2014."
CRD420250621318,Does Centella asciatica and Bacopa Monnieri improve cognitive function by reducing the oxidative stress in Alzheimer’s disease?,"Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurological condition and the predominant kind of dementia, representing 60–80% of cases worldwide. It is clinically defined by a progressive deterioration in cognitive abilities, memory deficits, disorientation, and behavioral problems. The neuropathological characteristics of AD encompass the extracellular deposition of amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques, the formation of intracellular neurofibrillary tangles comprised of hyperphosphorylated tau protein, synaptic impairment, neuronal degeneration, and persistent neuroinflammation. Oxidative stress is pivotal in the etiology of Alzheimer's disease. The brain's elevated oxygen utilization and lipid composition render it especially susceptible to reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can, ultimately leading to neuronal degeneration and cognitive deterioration. Increased oxidative stress has been associated with Aβ toxicity and tau pathology, indicating a detrimental cycle that intensifies disease progression.  Animal models of AD are constructed to replicate these pathological characteristics and symptoms. Frequently utilized models encompass transgenic mice that overexpress human AD -related genes (e.g., APP, and PSEN1), alongside chemically induced models employing drugs such as scopolamine or streptozotocin to replicate cholinergic dysfunction and oxidative damage. These models provide the systematic examination of treatment therapies, including plant-derived antioxidants, to assess their efficacy in alleviating cognitive loss and oxidative stress in Alzheimer's disease.  Animal models that simulate Alzheimer's disease. No restriction on animal species (e.g., mice, rats). No restriction on age, sex, or strain Studies with an appropriate control group with untreated AD model, placebo/vehicle-treated group, or standard treatment such as donepezil.","Non – animal studies Animal models of cognitive impairment not directly related to Alzheimer's disease Animas with balance and locomotor problems Animals with scars and wounds Studies without a control group for comparison. Studies comparing effects only between Centella asiatica and Bacopa monnieri, without a disease model.  No treatment or standard treatment with Donepezil"
CRD42024516129,"This systematic review aims to assess both oncological and toxicity impact of ""augmented radiotherapy"", including either dose escalation or target volume escalation, for the management of high-risk prostate cancer.","This systematic review focuses on high-risk prostate cancer patients, receving ""augmented radiotherapy"" as upfront treatment. Augmented radiotherapy is defined with either escalation on dose delivered on the prostate gland (>78Gy) or escalation of irradiated target volumes.",
CRD42020218963,Which is the preferable method to evaluate mid-sagittal reference plane for the analysis of facial asymmetry?,Facial asymmetry or craniofacial deformity,
CRD42021281950,What is the level of evidence in the literature about interventions or agents that target non-nervous gut microbiota to modulate stroke outcome in animal model of stroke disease?,Stroke. Studies that involve animal stroke model either in lower or higher animals. Studies that use at least one intervention or agent or therapy of any kind to effect stroke via microbiota gut-brain axis. The comparator will be groups of animal that have not received intervention either as sham (pseudo stroke induction) or naïve control.,"Studies that involve animal stroke model without control group, as well as stroke models involving in vitro, ex vivo, or in silico studies. Studies that do not use any intervention to effect stroke via microbiota gut-brain axis. Study will also be excluded if intervention is not directly administered to the tested population. Exclusion will be made if there is no data of the comparator/control in the study."
CRD42023482389,Is injecting '5% dextrose' in patients with 'carpal tunnel syndrome' superior to injecting the traditional 'steroid' in terms of 'pain reduction and functional recovery'?,"Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is a neurological disorder caused by compression of the median nerve within the carpal tunnel, located in the center of the wrist. It manifests with symptoms such as pain, numbness, and muscle weakness in the palm and fingers. CTS affects many individuals in their daily lives, particularly those in occupations requiring repetitive and excessive wrist movements.
Ongoing research continues to explore treatments for this condition, necessitating an effective evaluation of various therapeutic options. This paper aims to systematically review the effectiveness of diverse treatment methods, with a specific focus on the treatment of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome. In particular, we seek to investigate the impact of novel treatments, such as ""5% dextrose,"" in comparison to conventional ""steroid"" treatments, specifically regarding pain reduction and functional recovery.
This study aims to identify treatment options that contribute to improving the quality of life for individuals with Carpal Tunnel Syndrome. The research findings are anticipated to provide valuable insights into potential directions for treating this condition.",
CRD42022375023,What are the effects of mindfulness-based interventions on executive function in healthy adults?,Executive function in healthy adults.,
CRD420250643566,"Do patients with VEXAS syndrome have an elevated risk of infection?Population (P): Patients with a confirmed diagnosis of VEXAS syndrome, verified by the presence of a UBA1 gene mutation.Intervention (I): Glucocorticoids, azacitidine, anti-IL-1 agents, IL-6 inhibitors, anti-TNF agents, or allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.Comparison (C): A general population cohort without confirmed VEXAS syndrome.Outcome (O): Risk of infections in patients receiving treatment with azacitidine, anti-IL-1 agents, IL-6 inhibitors, anti-TNF agents.Study Design (S): Prospective studies (e.g., prospective observational studies, non-randomized controlled trials), retrospective studies (e.g., case reports, case series, case-control studies), and cohort studies without a control group.","VEXAS syndrome (Vacuoles, E1 enzyme, X-linked, Autoinflammatory, Somatic) is a rare disorder caused by somatic mutations in the UBA1 gene. It typically manifests in late adulthood with systemic inflammation, hematologic abnormalities, fevers, arthralgia, skin rashes, and cytopenias. Patients often require immunosuppressive therapy due to the refractory nature of the disease. Patients with VEXAS syndrome are at a elevated risk of infection due to both the underlying disease and the therapies used. Immunosuppressive treatments such as glucocorticoids, azacitidine, anti-IL-1 agents, IL-6 inhibitors, and anti-TNF agents suppress immune function, increasing susceptibility to bacterial, viral, and fungal infections. Additionally, hematologic abnormalities, such as neutropenia, exacerbate the risk of infection by impairing the body’s ability to combat pathogens. Beyond immunosuppressive therapies, other factors influencing infection risk include: age (Older individuals experience immune senescence, reducing their ability to respond to infections), comorbidities (conditions like diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and pulmonary disorders further compromise immunity), hospitalization and medical Interventions (frequent hospital stays and invasive procedures increase exposure to nosocomial pathogens), and history of Prior Infections (Previous colonization or infections with resistant organisms raise the risk of subsequent infections). Inclusion Criteria:Patients with a confirmed diagnosis of VEXAS syndrome, verified by the presence of a UBA1 gene mutation.Adult patients (≥18 years old)Exclusion Criteria:Patients without somatic mutations in the UBA1 genePediatric patients (<18 years old) Inclusion Criteria:Patients receiving one or more of the following therapies: glucocorticoids, azacitidine, anti-IL-1 agents, IL-6 inhibitors, anti-TNF agents, or allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Healthy individuals will be included as controls.",
CRD42022304580,"1. What is the magnitude of trauma cue-induced drug craving among substance users with trauma histories or PTSD relative to A) baseline drug craving; B) neutral cue-induced drug craving; C) substance cue-induced drug craving; and D) stress cue-induced drug craving?
2. Is the magnitude of trauma cue-induced drug craving (relative to baseline and neutral cue-induced drug craving) among substance users with trauma histories or PTSD moderated by A) PTSD status; B) SUD status; C) degree of negative affect reactivity; D) degree of positive affect reactivity; E) the use of personalized vs. standardized cues; and F) substance type?
3. How does the magnitude of trauma cue-induced drug craving (relative to baseline and neutral cue-induced drug craving) among substance users with trauma histories or PTSD change based on their affectual responses to the cue? Does affect mediate this relationship?",Comorbid PTSD/trauma history and substance use.,
CRD420250624140,Is systemic alendronate able to improve clinical parameters of periodontitis without causing osteonecrosis?,"Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease with a multifactorial etiology that culminates in the progressive destruction of the tooth-supporting periodontium, the alveolar bone, the root cementum, and the periodontal ligament. This progressive destruction occurs through the action of bacteria that activate pro-inflammatory mechanisms that subsequently lead to the clinical signs of periodontitis (SHARMA; RAMAN; PRADEEP, 2017; TONETTI; GREENWELL; KORNMAN, 2018). Clinically, periodontitis may present with gingival inflammation, gingival recession, increased probing depth, which demonstrates a progressive loss of clinical attachment, loss of alveolar bone height, which may lead to the appearance of bone defects, furcation involvement, and mobility, leading or not to tooth loss (PAPAPANOU et al., 2018). Patients who are using Alendronate systemically and who are diagnosed with periodontitis. Patients who are not using Alendronate systemically or who are using another drug and who are diagnosed with periodontitis. Patients who use alendronate systemically Patients who are not using Alendronate systemically or who are using another drug and who are diagnosed with periodontitis.",
CRD420251026641,"The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to evaluate and quantify the effectiveness of exercise interventions in reducing the risk of falls among elderly individuals. Specifically, the review aims to identify which types, durations, and intensities of exercise programs are most beneficial for fall prevention, and to provide evidence-based recommendations to support the development of targeted interventions that promote safety, mobility, and healthy aging in older adults.","Will include adults aged over 60 years with fall risk, Balance exercises; Stretching Exercises; Aerobic Exercise This review will include studies that investigate structured exercise or physical activity interventions designed to reduce the risk of falls among older adults (typically aged 60 years and above). To be eligible, interventions must meet the following criteria: Exercise-Based Interventions: Studies must include one or more forms of structured exercise or physical activity. Eligible interventions include (but are not limited to): Balance training (e.g., single-leg stands, wobble board exercises) Strength or resistance training (e.g., weight-bearing, resistance band exercises) Aerobic training (e.g., walking, cycling, low-impact cardio) Flexibility or stretching routines Functional training targeting daily movements (e.g., sit-to-stand, stair climbing) Mind-body exercises (e.g., Tai Chi, yoga, Pilates) Multicomponent programs that combine two or more modalities (e.g., strength + balance) Program Characteristics: Interventions delivered in various settings, including home-based, community centers, outpatient clinics, or residential care facilities Supervised or unsupervised formats Group or individual exercise sessions Varying durations and frequencies (no restrictions, but must be clearly described) Comparators: Usual care, no intervention, wait-list control, or non-exercise interventions (e.g., health education) Outcomes Reported: Must report at least one fall-related outcome, such as: Fall incidence or rate Balance performance Functional mobility (e.g., Timed Up and Go Test, Berg Balance Scale) Fall-related injuries or fear of falling Study Designs: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) Quasi-experimental studies with comparison groups  This systematic review and meta-analysis will include quantitative primary research studies that assess the effect of exercise interventions on fall risk among the elderly. The following study designs will be considered: Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs): Studies in which participants are randomly assigned to an exercise intervention group or a control group. RCTs are prioritized for their methodological rigor and ability to establish causal relationships. Quasi-Experimental Studies: Non-randomized intervention studies with control or comparison groups. These may include pre-post studies, controlled before-and-after studies, or cohort studies with a structured exercise component. Cluster-Randomized Trials: Studies where groups (e.g., residential facilities or communities) rather than individuals are randomized, provided fall-related outcomes are reported. All included studies must report relevant fall-related outcomes such as fall incidence, fall rate, balance or mobility measures, or fall-related injuries. Only peer-reviewed articles published in English will be included. Grey literature, such as dissertations, conference abstracts, and non-peer-reviewed reports, will be excluded.","Will excluded studies in which when participants were selected for a specific neurodegenerative disease or any other characteristic that greatly affected the risk of falling but was not correctable by exercise (such as severe visual impairment). This review will include studies that evaluate structured exercise interventions aimed at reducing fall risk among elderly individuals (typically aged 60 years and older). Eligible interventions may include, but are not limited to: Balance training Strength or resistance exercises Aerobic exercises Flexibility or mobility training Tai Chi, yoga, or Pilates Multicomponent exercise programs (e.g., combining balance, strength, and endurance training) Interventions may be delivered in individual or group formats, in home-based or facility-based settings, and supervised or unsupervised by professionals. Both randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-experimental designs assessing fall-related outcomes (e.g., fall incidence, balance measures, fall-related injuries) will be considered. The following types of studies will be excluded from this review: Case reports and case series Editorials, opinion pieces, and commentaries Conference abstracts, posters, and unpublished theses Review articles (including systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and narrative reviews) Qualitative studies Cross-sectional studies that do not involve an exercise intervention or fall-related outcome Animal or laboratory-based studies Studies without a control or comparison group (for non-randomized designs) Studies not published in English Studies that do not report fall-related outcomes (e.g., studies focusing solely on physical fitness without fall data) Studies where the effects of exercise cannot be isolated from other combined interventions (e.g., exercise + medication, unless exercise outcomes are reported separately)"
CRD420250650655,"In reproductive-aged women diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), based on currently reported randomized controlled trials, do lifestyle modification improve clinical reproductive outcomes?","Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) represents one of the most prevalent endocrine disorders affecting women of reproductive age, with a global prevalence ranging from 6% to 26%. This complex condition is defined by three key features: hyperandrogenemia, ovulatory dysfunction, and polycystic ovarian morphology. Despite affecting approximately 12-21% of reproductive-aged women, PCOS remains significantly underdiagnosed. As the leading cause of anovulatory infertility, PCOS is associated with substantial reproductive challenges and metabolic complications. While current clinical guidelines advocate lifestyle modifications as the primary therapeutic approach for improving both metabolic and reproductive outcomes, existing systematic reviews have predominantly evaluated metabolic parameters such as weight reduction and glycemic control. Notably, a 2019 systematic review (DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD007506.pub4) failed to report on reproductive outcomes despite its initial intention to do so. There is a critical need for a comprehensive synthesis of evidence specifically examining the impact of lifestyle modifications on reproductive endpoints, including ovulation restoration and pregnancy success rates. Our systematic review aims to address this significant knowledge gap by analyzing randomized controlled trials that provide reproductive outcome data, thereby enhancing the evidence base for PCOS management strategies. Inclusion Criteria:(1) Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) Diagnosis: Studies will include women diagnosed with PCOS according to the Rotterdam criteria (European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology/American Society for Reproductive Medicine), the National Institutes of Health (NIH) criteria, or by a general practitioner or a specialist.(2) Age Range: Participants must be women aged 18 to 45 years inclusive, representing the typical reproductive age range affected by PCOS.Exclusion Criteria:(1) Infertility of Non-PCOS Origin: To isolate the effects of lifestyle modification on PCOS-related reproductive dysfunction, women with infertility primarily due to other causes will be excluded. (2) Hyperandrogenism of Non-PCOS Origin: To ensure the study population is focused on PCOS-related hyperandrogenism, women with hyperandrogenism due to other conditions (e.g., congenital adrenal hyperplasia, androgen-secreting tumors) will be excluded. (3) Ovulatory Dysfunction of Non-PCOS Origin: Similarly, to focus on PCOS-related ovulatory dysfunction, women with ovulatory dysfunction primarily caused by other conditions (e.g., thyroid disorders, hyperprolactinemia, premature ovarian insufficiency) will be excluded. (4) Confounding Comorbidities: Women with pre-existing cardiovascular, psychiatric, or neurological disorders will be excluded to minimize potential confounding factors and ensure that observed effects are more likely attributable to lifestyle modifications in the context of PCOS. This systematic review will consider studies evaluating the effects of lifestyle modifications on reproductive function in women with PCOS. Eligible interventions include:(1) Dietary Interventions: Structured dietary modifications, including but not limited to, caloric restriction, macronutrient manipulation, and specific dietary patterns. (2) Exercise Interventions: Structured exercise programs, including but not limited to, aerobic exercise, resistance training, and high-intensity interval training (HIIT).(3) Behavioral Interventions: Interventions aimed at modifying behaviors related to diet and exercise adherence, including but not limited to, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), motivational interviewing, and self-monitoring techniques.(4) Combined Interventions: Interventions that incorporate multiple components of lifestyle modification, such as a combination of dietary and exercise interventions, or dietary, exercise, and behavioral interventions.(5) Lifestyle Interventions with Adjunctive Pharmacotherapy: Studies incorporating lifestyle interventions alongside pharmacological agents commonly used in PCOS management (e.g., metformin, clomiphene citrate) will be considered, provided the lifestyle intervention is a clearly defined component of the treatment protocol. The pharmacological agent must be consistent across intervention and control groups if a comparison is made.Exclusion: Studies evaluating the effects of dietary supplements in isolation, without a concurrent structured lifestyle intervention, will be excluded. Eligible comparator groups will include one or more of the following:(1) Standard Care/Conventional Treatment: This may include routine medical management of PCOS, typically involving pharmacological interventions (e.g., metformin) without a structured lifestyle intervention component.(2) Minimal Intervention/Usual Care: This may involve general advice on healthy lifestyle habits without a structured program or follow-up.(3) No Intervention: A control group receiving no specific intervention related to PCOS or lifestyle modification.(4) Placebo Control: A control group receiving a placebo intervention designed to mimic the intervention group's experience without the active components of the lifestyle modification (e.g., a non-specific dietary advice pamphlet).",
CRD420250656554,"This review aims to investigate the effectiveness of rhythmic auditory stimulation on gait rehabilitation in patients with Parkinson's disease by analyzing existing experiments, including changes in gait parameters and walking rhythm before and after the experiments, in order to discover the improvement effect of this research on gait in Parkinson's disease.","Parkinson's Disease The patients are generally elderly patients with Parkinson's disease, with an average age range of 60 to 70 years old. They have been diagnosed and have an uneven disease course. They can walk independently and do not have visual impairments or other musculoskeletal, cardiovascular or neurological diseases. They have no cognitive impairments and can cooperate well with the trial. Rhythmic auditory stimulation PICO tags selected: Usual Care",
CRD420250616655,"What is the evidence regarding the effect of phyiotherapy scoliosis-specific exercices on pain, functional disability, quality of life and Cobb angle in adults?","Scoliosis Deformity Of Spine; Physiotherapeutic scoliosis-specific exercises ; Pain; Quality of Life; Disability Scoliosis, from the Greek (skolios) means sinuous, is therefore defined as a frontal misalignment of the spine, which can be structural (usually caused by differences in the size of the lower limbs) or functional, which develops due to structural changes in the spine itself for unknown reasons. In adults, it can be caused by congenital or degenerative diseases, and when a specific cause cannot be found, it is called idiopathic scoliosis.The increase in the number of patients with AS seeking conservative treatment is closely related to the onset of low back pain, functional limitation, cosmesis, neurogenic claudication and accelerated progression of the curve. However, in addition to the signs and symptoms presented, the aging process of the population, evidenced by the inversion of the age pyramid (apex greater than the base), draws greater attention to adult scoliosis, since it is directly related to increasing age. Population composed of adults (≥18 years) with adult scoliosis, diagnosed by Cobb angle greater than 10°. Physiotherapeutic scoliosis-specific exercises The intervention evaluated in this study was physical training based on specific physiotherapeutic exercises for scoliosis (PSSE). Different from sports exercises, specific physiotherapeutic exercises for scoliosis aim to correct or slow the progression of the curve, strengthen the CORE and restore functionality to the patient. Treatment based on PSSE has great variability between exercises, which aim to simulate daily activities, such as sitting and standing, always combining three-dimensional self-correction with breathing control. For the conservative treatment of AS, PSSE can also be associated with the use of orthoses, which can achieve even better results in containing scoliotic deviation in patients with early diagnosis. PICO tags selected: Group Exercise; Home Exercise Program; Attention Placebo Control","Studies that treated patients with scoliosis due to tumors, trauma, neuromuscular diseases, congenital causes, and a history of surgery for scoliosis treatment are excluded. Studies with patients who underwent post-surgical treatment will also be excluded. Exclusion criteria will be studies that treat patients with scoliosis due to tumors, trauma, neuromuscular diseases, congenital causes, and history of surgery for the treatment of scoliosis. Studies with patients who were undergoing post-surgical treatment will also be excluded."
CRD42024551103,"The review question for this meta-analysis is: ""How effective is Kinesio Taping (KT) in managing Myofascial Pain Syndrome (MPS) in terms of pain intensity and Pressure Pain Threshold (PPT) among human participants diagnosed with MPS, as compared to control groups receiving no intervention, placebo, or sham taping?"" This question focuses on human participants diagnosed with MPS and examines the effects of KT on pain intensity and PPT, crucial outcomes for assessing the impact of the intervention. The comparison involves control groups that receive no intervention, placebo, or sham taping, ensuring that the analysis isolates the effect of KT. Only Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) are included to ensure high-quality evidence. The primary outcome of interest is the reduction in pain intensity, measured by various pain scales, while the secondary outcome is the improvement in PPT, which reflects the threshold at which pressure sensation becomes painful.","The condition being studied in this systematic review is Myofascial Pain Syndrome (MPS), a prevalent musculoskeletal disorder characterized by the presence of myofascial trigger points (MTrPs) within skeletal muscle fibers. These hyperirritable and painful points are associated with localized and referred pain, muscle weakness, and restricted movement, significantly impacting an individual's quality of life and functional status. MPS is commonly triggered by factors such as muscle overuse, injury, or poor posture and affects a substantial portion of patients with chronic pain conditions. The review aims to evaluate the efficacy of Kinesio Taping (KT) in managing MPS, specifically in reducing pain intensity and improving Pressure Pain Threshold (PPT).",
CRD420250649952,"In preclinical animal models of osteoporosis, what are the effects of food-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) compared to placebo/no intervention on bone mineral density (BMD), bone microarchitecture parameters (BV/TV, Tb.Th, Tb.Sp, Tb.N), and serum bone turnover markers (OPG, PINP, TRACP 5b, β-CTX)?","Osteoporosis. Bone mineral density. Studies involving osteoporosis animal models, with no restrictions on modeling methods or animal species Research using any food-derived EVs as an intervention Any study should include a control group (such as placebo, PBS or saline).","Studies not involving animal models of osteoporosis Studies using EVs from non-food sources for the treatment of osteoporosis Without a control group (such as placebo, PBS or saline)."
CRD420251027005,"The general aim of this review is to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the existing scientific evidence regarding the treatment of chronic Chagas cardiomyopathy (CCC). The specific objectives are: To evaluate the effect of pharmacological therapy with beta-blockers, compared to placebo, on cardiac function, hospital admissions, arrhythmic events, and total mortality in adult patients with established CCC.","Adult patients (aged 18 years or over) with a confirmed diagnosis of chronic Chagas cardiomyopathy (CCC) undergoing clinical, pharmacological treatment involving devices, or non-pharmacological treatment for CCC, when compared with a control group (placebo, standard treatment, or other active treatment), without any limitations on follow-up, and for whom the full text is accessible. Pharmacotherapy ; Implantation Of Automatic Cardioverter/defibrillator, Total System PICO tags selected: Placebo; Usual Care",
CRD42024547684,"Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) presents a formidable challenge to global health. Despite advancements in treatments through lipid-lowering and antithrombotic medications, healthcare systems are burdened by CAD's persistently high prevalence. The development of novel drug targets for CAD remains an imperative need.","Our manuscript centers on Coronary Artery Disease (CAD), a disease linked to a global health crisis characterized by the build-up of atherosclerotic plaque in the coronary arteries. This accumulation obstructs blood flow and elevates the risk of cardiovascular complications such as myocardial infarction, which can lead to compromised heart function or sudden cardiac arrest. Despite significant progress with lipid-lowering medications, including statins and the recently approved PCSK9 inhibitors, as well as antithrombotic drugs, the high incidence of CAD continues to place a heavy burden on our health delivery system. Therefore, my study focuses on identifying new targets to improve current CAD treatment strategies.",
CRD42024537963,The effect of 4DCT derived images using functional lung avoidance technique and traditional volumetric dose restriction on the prevention and treatment of radioactive lung injury in lung cancer.,"Current advances in radiotherapy computer algorithms and therapeutic techniques such as 4DCT and nuclear functional imaging are used in radiotherapy planning. 4DCT relative to nuclear element functional imaging has the characteristics of clinical accessibility, low radiation and low cost. Treatment of lung cancer Avoidance Radiation therapy uses 4DCT ventilation images to preferentially deliver high radiation doses to non-functional lung areas in order to reduce damage to functional areas to achieve the purpose of reducing radiation lung injury. At present, the application of functional lung program in retrospective studies has shown advantages in volumetric dosimetry, and there has been no systematic review and meta-analysis of 4DCT in functional lung program.",
CRD42023399263,"In this review, we aim to address the following questions:
1- What are different types of cardiomyocyte regeneration therapies and how are they beneficial in patients with heart diseases? How much effective are they in improving LVEF and reducing scar/infarct size?
2- What are the benefits, risks and limitations of these therapies?
3- What are different routes of administeration of cardiomyocytes and which route has the most beneficial effects?
4- Saftey and effectiveness of cardiomyocyte regeneration therapies?
5- Is cardiomyocyte regeneration therapy beneficial over traditional medical and surgical therapies?
6- What are the pre-requisites to use cardiomyocyte regeneration therapies in patients?",The main objective of this review is to study the effects of different types of cardiomyocyte regeneration therapies in post-MI patients with Heart failure. This review also aims to throw a light on the limitations and effectiveness of cardiomyocyte regeneration therapies with special focus on left ventricular ejection failure.,
CRD420250655187,"""How does professional self-doubt in psychotherapists impact clinical practice, therapist well-being, and therapy outcomes?""","Professional self-doubt refers to uncertainty or lack of confidence in one's own professional abilities, knowledge, or decision-making, often despite objective competence. It can manifest as imposter syndrome, excessive self-criticism, or fear of making mistakes, potentially impacting performance, well-being, and professional development. This systematic review examines the prevalence, and its associated impact on clinically relevant practice.",
CRD42020189633,"For patients on vancomycin, does AUC-based monitoring compared to trough-based monitoring result in differences in efficacy or toxicity?","Patients being treated for an infection with vancomycin.
This study will look at all infections as well as all types of causative organisms",
CRD420250584443,"General Research question:What insights do current computational models provide into the wound healing process, specifically,the immune response and outcome at the local and systemic level, and respective complications arisingfrom burn injury in skin?Sub-research questions:What are the computational models currently used to simulate the local tissue response, immune responseand systemic complications after burn injury in skin?Which stages of burn wound healing are targeted by computational models, and how do these modelsenhance our understanding of the underlying mechanisms within the stages of healing after burns?What are the practical benefits and limitations of different computational models in simulating andassessing local and systemic responses to wound healing after burn injuries, including scar developmentand outcome?How do computational models contribute to improving clinical management and outcome simulation inthe early and later stages of burn wound healing, including local tissue response, immune response andsystemic complications?","Burn; Clinical Support; Computer delivered intervention; Immune response; Burn Of Skin; Wound Healing In this systematic review we cover burn injury wound healing effects on the local and systemic responsein all stages Hemostasis, Inflammatory, Proliferative and Remodeling(scar formation) We included papers that specify the development, use, testing, or validation of computational modelsto model, understand, simulate, predict, or evaluate parameters in wound healing after burn injury.We also included approaches that model the systemic effects of burns and use computational modelsas a tool to optimize the outcome of healing after burn injury. We excluded articles that did not usecomputational models, used merely statistical tools to analyze data, computational models that specifyonly modeling, and inadequate wound healing with no extent to the translation of burn injuries. No interventions or exposures are being reviewed. No interventions or exposures are being compared.",
CRD420250655171,"research aim： This study intends to accurately quantify the incidence of CIM through systematic analysis. The results of the study will provide a basis for risk stratification, personalized treatment adjustment, and targeted interventions to reduce complications and optimize treatment outcomes.","Breast Cancer; Chemotherapy Inclusion criteria ① P（Population）target population : breast cancer diagnosed by pathological tissue, age ≥ 18 years old ;② E（Exposure）exposure factors : factors that can affect the occurrence of bone marrow suppression in patients and exposure factors are clearly defined ;③ C（Control）control : no exposure factors ;④ O（Outcome）outcome indicators : the occurrence of bone marrow suppression ;⑤ D（Design）Study type : Cohort study and case-control study on the risk factors of bone marrow suppression, language is limited to Chinese and English. The baseline of the case group and the control group ( or the exposed group and the non-exposed group ) was comparable. exclusion criteria① Different databases cross or duplicate published literature ;② literature with incomplete information and incomplete data ;③ repeated reports, case reports or review of the literature ;④ Literatures with incomplete statistical description or inappropriate statistical methods ;⑤ the original data did not provide literature that could be directly used or converted for this study, such as Odds Ratio ( OR ) or Relative Risk ( RR ) and 95 % Confidence Interval ( CI ). ① General demographic factors : age, gender, body mass index ( BMI ), body surface area ( BSA ) ; ②Disease characteristics : molecular typing of breast cancer ( ER / PR positive, HER2 positive, triple negative ), tumor stage ( I-IV stage ) ; ③ Chemotherapy-related parameters : chemotherapy cycle, chemotherapy regimen, dose intensity, cumulative dose, route of administration ( intravenous vs oral ) ; ④ Laboratory indicators : baseline blood routine ( such as white blood cells, hemoglobin, platelet levels ), liver and kidney function ( such as creatinine clearance rate ).",
CRD420250627682,1. What are the recently discovered major putative phytochemicals with antiaging properties? 2. Can sirtuins play a role in the activities of such phytochemicals through a defined mechanistic pathway?,"Oxidative stress damage and age-related diseases: These sorts of conditions affect every individual that are predisposed and contribute significantly to the decline in the expected quality of life The search was left open without restriction concerning the use of animal models. Thus, the design considered all the models of both sexes used for aging studies such as Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila melanogaster, rodents, etc. The normal control (non-exposed) group, which is a group of animals that were not treated with the intervention(s) will be considered as the comparator group.The group treated with a standard drug can also be considered a comparator of the intervention Unspecified comparators or experimental conditions different from that of interventions.","Animal models other than aging and oxidative stress; human models, ex vivo or in silico models are excluded Unspecified comparators or experimental conditions different from that of interventions."
CRD42024516507,A Study on Therapeutic Impact and Safety Profile of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor Stabilizers for Kidney Disease-Related Anemia in Patients undergoing dialysis and Patients who are not receiving dialysis.,"The systematic review focuses on kidney disease-related anemia in patients undergoing dialysis and those not receiving dialysis. The study examines the therapeutic impact and safety profile of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor (HIF) stabilizers, specifically exploring their effectiveness and safety in the treatment of anemia associated with kidney disease in both dialysis and non-dialysis patient populations.",
CRD42022329520,How do pharmacological treatments for Gambling Disorder compare with placebo and with each other in terms of efficacy and tolerability?,Gambling Disorder/Pathological Gambling/Disordered Gambling,
CRD42020211834,The aim of this meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials is to evaluate the effiicacy and safety of acupuncture therapy for autism spectrum disorder.,"children autism spectrum disorder（ASD）is a psychological development disorder characterized by deficities in social communication and social interacation, and restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests or activities.it usually affect children in thier 1-3years old with special symptoms, and has been the main risk factor for children's mental disablity with an ever increasing incidence in recent years.major treatment for ASD include music therapy, and language therapy and applied behavior analysis.However, most patients fail to get a satisfactory therapeutic effect, and a lot of reseachers think highly of acupuncture, It may be good way to help patients who fail to get a satisfactory therapeutic effect by other treatments.",
CRD42022335448,"What are the fall prevention interventions in low- and middle-income countries for reducing the number of falls in community-dwelling older adults?Do fall prevention interventions in low- and middle-income countries have an effect on the number of falls, risk of falls, balance, falls related fractures and hospitalization following falls in community-dwelling older adults?","Fall prevention interventions Community Dwelling adults aged 60+ years in low- and middle-income countries will be the population for this review. A variety of therapeutic approaches to minimize and prevent falls are aimed to be identified. Effectiveness of single, multiple and multifactorial interventions including exercise programs, pharmacological interventions, visual corrections, nutrition modifications, assistive technology, home setting modifications, quality improvement strategies, and other fall prevention interventions will be studied. Studies will be included if the aim/s of the research is related to reducing falls or risk of falls or studies that have reported falls as an outcome. We will include studies that evaluated the effect of any fall prevention intervention or interventions compared to non-active comparators (e.g. no intervention, usual care, wait-list control or “sham” interventions).",
CRD420250653512,"What are the factors impacting disclosure and detection of harmful sexual behaviours between siblings at an individual, family and contextual level?What individual, family, and contextual support mechanisms or interventions facilitate the disclosure and detection of harmful sexual behaviours between siblings, and how are these interventions implemented in practice?","Victim Of Child Sexual Abuse; Child Sex Abuse; Discussion Harmful sexual behaviour between siblings (HSB-S) is recognised as a common type of family violence globally, possibly as harmful as other forms of familial abuse (Meyers, 2014; Yates, 2020). Despite increasing awareness of HSB-S, it remains poorly understood with limited training on recognition, response, and prevention of HSB-S in families (Ibrahim, 2023; Yates, 2020). Additionally, only a small proportion of studies investigate disclosure in HSB-S (Russell et al 2023; Yates et al 2024) and although some insights have been reported, much remains unknown. In particular, specific detection and reporting of HSB-S at multiple levels including individual, family and contextual has not been comprehensively and systematically examined. Studies also often overlook the intersection of these factors, creating insufficient understanding of disclosure. Without an understanding of barriers and facilitators to disclosing sibling HSB, early detection and appropriate interventions are limited. Thus, this systematic review intends to inform intervention strategies, improve care pathways for disclosure and better support individuals who may be involved. Insights on disclosure for HSB-S can also provide greater awareness and allow others to address these issues more effectively, reducing stigma that is commonly associated with sibling HSB. Children and adolescents (under 18 years) where harmful sexual behaviour between siblings has occurred This review focuses on the factors that impact the disclosure and detection of sibling sexual abuse in children and adolescents. It examines the processes involved in disclosure, reporting, and help-seeking behaviors, as well as the barriers that prevent victims from revealing abuse. The review also explores facilitators of disclosure, such as forensic interviewing techniques, social work interventions, and healthcare responses. Additionally, it considers the role of professionals in identifying and responding to allegations of sibling sexual abuse and the systemic challenges that affect detection.","Studies focusing exclusively on adults (18 years and older) as victims or perpetrators. Cases involving non-sibling perpetrators (e.g., parents, other relatives, peers, strangers) Studies that do not differentiate sibling sexual abuse from other types of child sexual abuse Research focused solely on therapy models, counseling techniques, or offender rehabilitation rather than the process of disclosure or reporting. Studies investigating general child maltreatment or family dysfunction without addressing sibling sexual abuse disclosure/detection. Research that focuses on non-sexual sibling aggression or violence without discussing sexual abuse. Studies that focus exclusively on criminal justice outcomes, sentencing, or legal definitions of sibling sexual abuse without discussing how cases are disclosed or detected Research on primary prevention strategies that focus on preventing sibling sexual abuse rather than understanding how it is disclosed or detected."
CRD42024550429,"The current research has demonstrated that resistance training effectively enhances muscle strength and improves muscle function. However, with advancing age, both muscle strength and quality significantly decline, leading to the emergence of the concept of sarcopenia in recent years. A considerable number of clinical trials have been conducted to apply resistance training in the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia, often in conjunction with other therapeutic modalities such as nutritional therapy, aerobic exercise, and blood flow restriction training. Nevertheless, it remains unclear which combination of adjunctive therapies yields the most favorable treatment outcomes. Therefore, there is a need to conduct a network meta-analysis to identify the optimal combinations among these treatment modalities.","Sarcopenia is a progressive and systemic skeletal muscle disorder associated with aging, posing a significant threat to the health and quality of life of older adults and increasing their risk of falls and even mortality. With the aging of the population becoming increasingly severe, it is expected that the prevalence of sarcopenia among the elderly will significantly increase in the coming decades. Resistance exercise, which involves muscle contractions against resistance, has shown promising efficacy in the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia in the elderly. In recent years, numerous scholars have investigated the effectiveness of combining resistance exercise with nutritional interventions, aerobic exercise, blood flow restriction, and other modalities for sarcopenia. However, there is still no consensus on which combination of adjunctive therapies yields the best treatment outcomes. Therefore, exploring the differences in efficacy among different combinations of therapies combined with resistance training for sarcopenia patients is crucial to providing clinical guidance and reference.",
CRD420250654721,"In the systematic review, we shall assess the efficacy of therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) in improving survival and as a bridge to liver transplantation (LT) in acute liver failure (ALF). Secondary, we shall assess the safety of TPE by comparing adverse events to standard medical therapy (SMT). The findings on the efficacy and safety of TPE may inform future treatment strategies and address uncertainties about its use.","Acute liver failure (ALF) is a rare and critical syndrome mainly driven by hyperammonemia and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) intend to clear these from the systemic circulation, potentially supporting liver function during native recovery or providing more time until liver transplantation (LT). ALF regardless of etiology, age, and sex TPE SMT","Patients with underlying liver abnormality Other extracorporeal liver support devices both artificial (e.g. MARS, Prometheus) or bioartificial (e.g. HepatAssist, BAL)"
CRD42024587857,"What are the reported health outcomes, adverse events and patient satisfaction related to the use of botulinum toxin (botox) for various physical health conditions across different specialties?","Botulinum toxin (commonly known as Botox) is gaining recognition as a potential treatment for various physical health conditions. Research has explored Botox as a therapeutic option for conditions such as chronic migraines, muscle spasticity, cervical dystonia, hyperhidrosis, sialorrhea, anal fissures, GI motility disorders, overactive bladder, temporomandibular joint disorders, strabismus, and certain types of pain, such as neuropathic pain and chronic pain syndromes. The hypothesis behind these studies is that Botox's ability to temporarily paralyse specific muscles or block nerve signals may offer relief from symptoms associated with these physical health conditions.
The primary health outcomes to be examined include reductions in the severity and frequency of chronic migraines, muscle spasticity/contractures, and other targeted conditions. The review will also assess improvements in functional status, pain relief, improved bladder control and vision. Additional outcomes include enhancements in quality of life, mobility, reduction in disability and medication dependency, and better management of symptoms associated with these physical conditions.
Furthermore, the review will consider potential adverse effects such as headaches, muscle weakness, injection site reactions, ptosis, dry mouth/eyes, dysphagia, temporary vision changes and any other physical or systemic reactions associated with Botox treatment.",
CRD42023368388,What is the effect of tDCS on pain in patients with radiculopathy?,"The condition being studied is radiculopathy. Radiculopathy is defined as spinal nerve root dysfunction resulting in dermatomal pain and paresthesias, myotomal weakness, and/or impaired deep tendon reflexes. Radicular pain, also known as radiculopathy, is frequently present along with axial spine pain. Neck and low back pain affect about two-thirds of adults. Compression may happen due to various factors such as disc herniation, spondylosis, trauma, instability, or tumors, albeit rare. Patients may show diverse symptoms, ranging from pain, numbness, or tingling in their extremities to electrical-type pains or weakness.",
CRD420251009413,"In patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy, how effective are physical therapy interventions compared to pharmacological treatments or usual care in reducing neuropathic pain and improving quality of life?","Adults diagnosed with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), experiencing neuropathic pain as a result of type 1 or type 2 diabetes. Studies including both male and female participants, regardless of duration of diabetes or severity of neuropathy, will be considered. Electrotherapy; Acupuncture; Electroacupuncture; Reflexology PICO tags selected: Usual Care; Pharmacotherapy randomized controlled trial",systematic reviews and meta-analysis
CRD42025638659,"“The primary aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to evaluate the clinical efficacy of acupuncture in treating neuropathic pain in adults. Specific research questions include:
What is the effect of acupuncture on neuropathic pain relief compared to placebo or standard treatments?
How does acupuncture compare to pharmacological treatments (e.g., antidepressants, anticonvulsants) for chronic neuropathic pain?
Does acupuncture improve quality of life and functional outcomes in patients with neuropathic pain from conditions such as diabetic neuropathy or postherpetic neuralgia?”“The primary aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to evaluate the clinical efficacy of acupuncture in treating neuropathic pain in adults. Specific research questions include:
What is the effect of acupuncture on neuropathic pain relief compared to placebo or standard treatments?
How does acupuncture compare to pharmacological treatments (e.g., antidepressants, anticonvulsants) for chronic neuropathic pain?
Does acupuncture improve quality of life and functional outcomes in patients with neuropathic pain from conditions such as diabetic neuropathy or postherpetic neuralgia?”","This review focuses on neuropathic pain, a chronic condition caused by nerve injury or dysfunction. It is commonly observed in conditions such as diabetic neuropathy and postherpetic neuralgia, and is associated with persistent pain, sensory disturbances, and significant impairment of daily activities. The review investigates the efficacy of acupuncture in managing neuropathic pain and improving patients' quality of life.",
CRD42024551594,Do new therapies for IgA Nephropathy reduce proteinuria and protect kidney function? Which is the best among them and for what type of patients?,"IgA nephropathy, or Berger's disease, is a kidney disorder characterized by the deposition of immunoglobulin A (IgA) in the glomeruli, causing inflammation and renal dysfunction. It is the most common primary glomerulonephritis globally, presenting variably from asymptomatic hematuria to rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis, potentially leading to chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease.
Current treatments focus on symptom management and slowing disease progression. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors or angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) are used to control hypertension and proteinuria. Corticosteroids and immunosuppressive agents may be employed in more severe cases. Emerging therapies, such as endothelin receptor antagonists and selective B-cell depletion, are under investigation.
Treating IgA nephropathy is challenging due to its variable clinical course and incomplete understanding of its pathogenesis. This heterogeneity complicates management and the development of targeted treatments. Additionally, the long-term use of immunosuppressive drugs carries significant risks of adverse effects. Despite advancements, effective management of IgA nephropathy remains difficult, highlighting the need for continued research and new therapeutic strategies.",
CRD42024611113,"Using the method of network meta-analysis based on Bayesian models, this study systematically evaluates the relevant research on the treatment of acute ischemic stroke with Yiqi Fumai herbal injections of traditional Chinese medicines. It provides probabilistic rankings of various Yiqi Fumai herbal injections of traditional Chinese medicines across different outcome indicators, addressing the lack of evidence-based support for the clinical efficacy of multiple Yiqi Fumai herbal injections of traditional Chinese medicines in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke.",The Treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke with Yiqi Fumai herbal injections of Traditional Chinese Medicines,
CRD42024528071,To compare the outcomes of different treatment modalities in Keratoacanthoma.,"Keratoacanthoma, a unique skin tumor characterized by rapid growth and potential for spontaneous regression, often presents diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to its resemblance to squamous cell carcinoma. Despite various available treatments, ranging from surgical excision to non-invasive options like cryotherapy and topical therapies, there is a notable lack of consensus on the most effective approach. This uncertainty, compounded by variable outcomes in terms of cure and recurrence rates, underscores the need for a structured understanding of therapeutic efficacy. The significance of assessing cure rates, recurrence rates, and in rare cases, mortality rates, cannot be overstated, as they are critical for evaluating immediate treatment effectiveness, long-term patient management, and addressing potential life-threatening conditions in aggressive or misdiagnosed cases.
The proposed meta-analysis and systematic review aims to collate and analyze existing data on different Keratoacanthoma treatment modalities, thereby providing a comprehensive overview of their effectiveness. This synthesis is pivotal in developing evidence-based clinical guidelines and standardizing treatment approaches, enhancing patient care by informing healthcare professionals' decisions. Moreover, by highlighting disparities and gaps in current research, this study will not only guide future investigations, focusing on underexplored treatment options and patient subgroups, but also contribute to a more nuanced understanding of Keratoacanthoma management.",
CRD420250654572,"What is the clinical efficacy of sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) aromatherapy in managing pain, fatigue, anxiety, depression, and sleep quality across various patient populations?","Post viral fatigue syndrome; Dialysis related complication; Pain Intensity; Gastrointestinal inflammation pediatric with procedural anxiety, patient dialysis-related somatic distress, and patient post-viral fatigue syndrome (post-COVID-19) Inhalation Therapy Management; Body Massage PICO tags selected: Usual Care; Placebo",
CRD42024626837,"P:Hashimoto's Thyroiditis
I:Traditional Chinese Medicine Physical Therapies(Acupuncture, Moxibustion, Tuina, and Combined Interventions)
C:Conventional medicine
O:Primary Outcome:TSH、FT3、FT4、TPOAb、TgAb
S:RCT
Questions: This study intends to use a network meta-analysis method to compare the therapeutic effects of acupuncture, moxibustion, tuina, ear acupressure, and their combined interventions on patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, providing evidence-based support for the clinical application of traditional Chinese medicine physical therapy.","Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is often accompanied by thyroid dysfunction and systemic symptoms, seriously affecting quality of life. The current mainstream treatment method is levothyroxine replacement therapy, but it is difficult to comprehensively improve immune function and alleviate chronic symptoms. Therefore, exploring more adjuvant treatment methods has become a focus of attention.
Traditional Chinese medicine believes that the core goal of HT in this disease should be to strengthen the body, eliminate evil, and regulate the function of organs. In recent years, traditional Chinese medicine physical therapy has received widespread attention in the treatment of HT due to its ability to regulate immune function, alleviate clinical symptoms, and overall regulation. Research has shown that traditional Chinese medicine physical therapy can reduce serum levels of TPOAb and TGAb, improve thyroid function indicators, and alleviate patients' chronic fatigue and mental symptoms.
Therefore, this study intends to use a network meta-analysis method to compare the therapeutic effects of acupuncture, moxibustion, tuina, ear acupressure, and their combined interventions on patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, providing evidence-based support for the clinical application of traditional Chinese medicine physical therapy.",
CRD42023478377,"To ascertain the level of evidence regarding anesthesia related clinical interventions in adults undergoing urgent/emergent craniotomy/craniectomy under general anesthesia and to assess the available interventions and any related outcomes.
Definition of emergency craniotomy/craniectomy: Craniotomy/craniectomy performed in a patient with clinical, radiographic or intracranial pressure monitoring-based diagnosis of intracranial hypertension and or herniation.","Craniotomy/craniectomy performed in a patient with clinical, radiographic or intracranial pressure monitoring-based diagnosis of intracranial hypertension and or herniation",
CRD42023488855,Are video games an efficacious intervention for cognitive impairment associated with schizophrenia (CIAS) and how do they compare with cognitive remediation?,Cognitive impairment associated with schizophrenia (CIAS).,
CRD42025648992,"Primary Question:
What is the effectiveness of deprescribing protocols in reducing adverse drug reactions among older adults with polypharmacy?
Secondary Questions:
How do different deprescribing strategies (e.g., pharmacist-led, physician-guided, technology-assisted) compare in their effectiveness?
What impact do deprescribing interventions have on medication burden, healthcare utilization, and quality of life in older adults?
How does the effectiveness of deprescribing protocols vary across different healthcare settings (e.g., primary care, hospital, long-term care)?
What patient-related and system-related factors influence the successful implementation of deprescribing strategies in older adults?
PIECOS Framework Application
Population (P): Older adults (≥65 years) with polypharmacy (≥5 medications).
Intervention (I): Deprescribing protocols (structured medication review and reduction strategies).
Exposure (E): Multiple medication use and associated adverse drug reactions.
Comparator (C): Usual care (no structured deprescribing) or alternative deprescribing strategies.
Outcomes (O): Reduction in adverse drug reactions (primary), medication burden, healthcare utilization, quality of life (secondary).
Study Design (S): Randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, and other relevant observational studies.
This structured approach ensures clarity in defining the scope of the review while addressing specific aspects of deprescribing in older adults.","Polypharmacy is a significant concern in geriatric healthcare, defined as the concurrent use of multiple medications, often leading to adverse drug reactions (ADRs), increased risk of falls, cognitive decline, hospitalizations, and overall diminished quality of life. The complexity of managing multiple medications in older adults, particularly those with comorbidities, necessitates deprescribing— a structured process of medication review and withdrawal when benefits no longer outweigh risks. Deprescribing protocols, which may be physician-guided, pharmacist-led, or technology-supported, aim to reduce inappropriate medication use while maintaining patient safety and therapeutic efficacy. This systematic review focuses on evaluating the effectiveness of deprescribing interventions in reducing ADRs and improving health outcomes in older adults, contributing to the optimization of medication management in primary care and geriatric settings.",
CRD420251003850,"This thesis aims to clarify the holistic impact of structured exercise programs (intradialytic, home-based, or hybrid) in adults with chronic kidney disease (CKD), whether dialyzed or non-dialyzed. By comparing these interventions to standard care, we evaluate their efficacy across three key domains:","Adults (≥18 years) with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages 3–5 per KDIGO classification.  Patients on dialysis (hemodialysis [HD] or peritoneal dialysis [PD]) or non-dialyzed.  Interventions  Structured Exercise Programs:  Intradialytic (during HD), home-based, or combined.  Study Design  Study Types:  Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), meta-analyses, systematic reviews.  Languages: French or English.  Publication Period: 2010–2023 (to reflect recent evidence). Home Exercise Program; Exercise therapy; Muscle Strength Exercise Types of Interventions A. Intradialytic Exercise Setting: Conducted during hemodialysis (HD) sessions to utilize time effectively and counteract sedentariness.  Components:  Resistance Training: Elastic bands, light weights (30–50% 1RM), leg extensions.  Aerobic Exercise: Stationary cycling or pedaling (50–60% max heart rate).  Safety: Continuous monitoring of blood pressure and oxygen saturation.  B. Home-Based Exercise Setting: Supervised remotely via tele-rehabilitation platforms (apps, video calls).  Components:  Aerobic: Brisk walking, seated marching.  Resistance: Bodyweight exercises (chair squats, wall push-ups).  Flexibility: Stretching routines for major muscle groups.  Adherence: Tracked via digital logs or wearable devices.  C. Hybrid Program Combination: Integrates intradialytic + home-based protocols for synergistic effects. PICO tags selected: Usual Care","Population Severe Comorbidities: Contraindications to exercise (e.g., unstable angina, decompensated heart failure, recent fractures, or uncontrolled hypertension).  Severe cognitive impairment (inability to provide informed consent or follow exercise protocols).  Terminal illnesses or life expectancy &lt; 6 months.  Populations:  Pediatric patients (&lt;18 years).  Non-CKD populations (e.g., acute kidney injury, transplant recipients).  Patients enrolled in other concurrent rehabilitation or exercise programs (to avoid confounding effects).  Study Types Non-RCT Designs:  Observational studies, case reports, editorials, or non-peer-reviewed literature.  Studies lacking a control group (standard care).  Incomplete Data:  Studies failing to report primary outcomes (functional performance, quality of life, serum albumin).  Non-stratified results (e.g., no separation by CKD stage or dialysis modality).  Other Exclusions Studies published before 2010 or in languages other than French/English.  Duplicate publications or secondary analyses without original data."
CRD42024497822,Does 5-Nitroimidazole derivatives reduce the parasitic load in animal models of parasitic neglected tropical diseases?,"Neglected Tropical Diseases; Chagas Diseases; Leishmaniasis; Malaria All animal models with experimental parasitic neglected tropical diseases. 5-nitroimidazole derivatives treatment. All timings, frequencies and dosages of treatment are eligible for inclusion. We will include randomised controlled trials of pharmaceutical treatment of neglected tropical diseases where two or more drugs are compared, or where one drug is compared to placebo or no treatment.","Animals with co-morbilities; ex vivo, in vitro and in silico models. Treatments with non-5 nitroimidazole derivatives. Studies without a separate control group."
CRD42020203927,How does yoga as a therapeutic means affect prehypertension and hypertension in adults compared to usual care or other interventions?,Hypertension. Prehypertension. Yoga in adults.,
CRD42024503722,The aim of this network meta-analysis is to evaluate the intervention effects of three kinds of Traditional Chinese Fitness Exercises in Patients with Parkinson’s disease.,"Condition or domain being studied: Parkinson's disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disease, which tends to occur in middle-aged and elderly people, with an incidence of more than 1% over the age of 60. The clinical symptoms of Parkinson's disease include motor symptoms and non-motor symptoms. Among them, the motor symptoms include static tremor, muscle rigidity, slow movement and postural balance disorder.In recent years, the research on the intervention of Parkinson's disease by traditional Chinese health methods has increased, such as Taijiquan, Baduanjin and Wuqinxi.
However, most of the current clinical studies are only studies on the therapeutic effect of a single traditional fitness method on Parkinson's disease, and there are few evidence-based evaluations comparing the clinical efficacy and safety of multiple fitness exercises in the intervention treatment of Parkinson's disease. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to select several traditional fitness exercises commonly used in clinical practice as the research object, use the network meta-analysis method to quantitatively compare the intervention effects of different fitness exercises, and rank the advantages and disadvantages, and select the traditional fitnessexercises with the best intervention effects.",
CRD42024572804,What is the efficacy of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) as a therapeutic Intervention for post- traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in Adults?,"Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), previously known as battle fatigue syndrome or shell shock , is a severe mental disturbance condition that is normally triggered by the experience of some frightening/scary events or trauma where a person undergoes some serious physical or mental harm or threatened. PTSD is a long-life effect of the continuous occurrence of traumatic conditions, leading to the production of feelings of helplessness, intense fear, and horror in the person[1].Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is the only major mental disorder for which a cause is considered to be known: that is, an event that involves threat to the physical integrity of oneself or others and induces a response of intense fear, helplessness or horror[2].
1.Thakur A, Choudhary D, Kumar B, Chaudhary A. A Review on Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): Symptoms, Therapies and Recent Case Studies. Curr Mol Pharmacol. 2022;15(3):502-516. doi: 10.2174/1874467214666210525160944. PMID: 34036925.
2.Pitman RK, Rasmusson AM, Koenen KC, Shin LM, Orr SP, Gilbertson MW, Milad MR, Liberzon I. Biological studies of post-traumatic stress disorder. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2012 Nov;13(11):769-87. doi: 10.1038/nrn3339. Epub 2012 Oct 10. PMID: 23047775; PMCID: PMC4951157.
.",
CRD42024541967,Which non-pharmacological interventions are effective in preventing or managing paediatric delirium in critical care?,"Delirium is relatively common in paediatric intensive care, reportedly affecting at least 1 in 3 children. However, detecting paediatric delirium (PD) can be complex. Understanding facets of presentation, risk factors, screening, and the ability to differentiate it from behaviours complicated by critical illness burden and developmental stage are vital. Characterized by disrupted cerebral functioning, PD manifests in critical care with rapid-onset disturbances in attention, cognition, and behaviour. Presentation may include disorientation, reduced awareness of the environment, impaired attention, problems with short-term memory, language and information processing, sleep dysregulation, and the experience of hallucinations or delusions, which can be stressful and frightening for children and their families and difficult to manage for healthcare staff. Risk factors for PD include severity of critical illness, under 2 years of age, mechanical ventilation, developmental delay, and administration of medications such as benzodiazepines and anticholinergics. While PD often resolves, long-term outcomes following critical care admission are underreported. Adverse effects may extend beyond critical care to impact cognition and cause stress for children and families. Effective pharmacological treatments are lacking, driving interest in non-pharmacological interventions to mitigate delirium risk and associated complications, such as those targeting mechanical ventilation, sedation, mobility, family involvement, and sleep quality.",
CRD420250650645,This meta-analysis evaluated the efficacy of negative symptoms and treatment acceptability as primary outcomes while assessing the severity of positive symptoms and overall psychiatric symptoms as secondary outcomes.,"Schizophrenia; Intermittent theta burst stimulation Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a chronic, severe, and debilitating mental disorder, with a lifetime prevalence rate of approximately 0.7% in China. Negative symptoms are a core feature of schizophrenia, affecting 40-60% of patients.Compared to positive symptoms, patients with more pronounced negative symptoms tend to experience poorer functional outcomes, which are closely linked to impairments in occupational, familial, and recreational activities, as well as challenges in interpersonal relationships. While positive symptoms can generally be effectively managed with antipsychotic medications, treatment options for negative symptoms remain limited and often less effective. recruitment of participants diagnosed with schizophrenia and assessment of negative symptoms in schizophrenia patients. studies involving the application of Intermittent Theta Burst Stimulation (iTBS) Sham Control",
CRD420250655343,Does the use of probiotics and synbiotics reduce gastrointestinal symptoms and improve the quality of life in patients with IBS-C?,"Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Constipation (IBS-C) is a gastrointestinal disorder characterized by chronic abdominal pain or discomfort associated with altered bowel habits, specifically constipation. Patients with this condition often experience infrequent, hard, or lumpy stools, straining during defecation, and a sensation of incomplete evacuation, frequently accompanied by bloating. The exact etiology of IBS-C is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve a combination of factors, including impaired colonic motility, visceral hypersensitivity, gut microbiota alterations, and psychological stress. IBS-C significantly affects the quality of life, leading to distress and disruption of daily activities. Effective management often includes dietary modifications, fiber supplementation, and probiotics to alleviate symptoms and improve patient well-being. The participants in this review will include adults aged 18 years or older who have a clinical diagnosis of constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-C), based on the Rome III or Rome IV criteria. There will be no restrictions regarding sex or ethnicity. Exclusion criteria will include patients with other subtypes of irritable bowel syndrome (such as diarrhea-predominant IBS or mixed-type IBS), as well as those with other gastrointestinal diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), celiac disease, or other known gastrointestinal disorders The intervention used in this review will be the use of probiotics and synbiotics, including bacterial and fungal strains, in various concentrations. PICO tags selected: Probiotics; Pain Relief; Assessment Of Quality Of Life The comparator used in this review will be placebo.",
CRD42024588059,What is the efficacy and safety of Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors in the treatment of IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) across diverse organ involvement and disease presentations?,"IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a systemic fibroinflammatory disorder characterized by lymphoplasmacytic infiltration of IgG4-positive plasma cells and storiform fibrosis in multiple organs. Current treatment primarily involves glucocorticoids and immunosuppressive agents; however, long-term use of these therapies carries significant side effects.
Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors have emerged as a potential treatment for IgG4-RD due to their role in modulating key inflammatory pathways. Several studies, including case reports, cohort studies, and small trials, have explored the efficacy and safety of JAK inhibitors like tofacitinib, baricitinib, ruxolitinib, and upadacitinib in IgG4-RD. This systematic review aims to synthesize the evidence to determine their therapeutic potential and safety profile in this disease.",
CRD420250598206,The purpose of this study was to assess Yuejuwan (YJW) as a Chinese medicine formula for animal models of depression in rodents.Population (P): Animal models of depression in rodentsanimal Intervention (I): Yuejuwan Comparison (C): Randomized controlled experimentOutcomes (O): Behavioral changes,"Depression. All animals regardless of species, strains, age and sex. Yuejuwan (YJW), or YJW plus western medicine.","Non-animal studies or with co-morbidities. No Yuejuwan (YJW) treatment , No YJW plus western medicine treatment. Control animals went under effective (no-sham) surgery."
CRD420251001904,Is the effect and safety of Fu's Subcutaneous Needling better than that of acupuncture for patients with lumbar intervertebral disc protrusion?,"Patients with Lumbar Disc Herniation. There is no restriction on age, gender, race, etc. No NO Randomized controlled trial of Fu's Subcutaneous Needling for lumbar disc herniation. Publication time is not restricted by country. Language is limited to Chinese and English.","Not patients with Lumbar Disc Herniation. The experimental group did not use Fu's Subcutaneous Needling, or the Fu's Subcutaneous Needling were not used in the control group. The control group cannot use Fu's Subcutaneous Needling, or combine two or more intervention measures. Other languages. Publishing duplicate studies."
CRD42024595642,"""What is the potential effect of the compound 2-AEH2F on controlling cancer progression?""
PICO
(P) target population comprises individuals diagnosed with cancer.
(I) intervention refers to the administration of the compound 2-AEH2F.
(C) comparative, people undergoing conventional treatment will be considered.
(O) Expected results, the reduction of side effects associated with conventional treatment and its impact on cancer progression.","Cancer is a complex and multifactorial disease characterized by abnormal cell growth and spread. This process is governed by a series of genetic and epigenetic alterations that lead to dysfunction of the normal mechanisms controlling cell growth and death. The pathophysiology of cancer involves a series of events that occur at the cellular and molecular level. 2-AEH2F has been investigated in cancer control due to its diverse mechanisms of action that suggest it as a potential therapeutic adjuvant, one of these mechanisms is its ability to inhibit cell proliferation.",
CRD420250655838,1. How effective is footwear as a management strategy for people with inflammatory arthritis (IA)? 2. How effective is footwear as a management strategy for people with connective tissue disorders (CTDs)?,"The conditions that are being studied in this systematic review will be inflammatory arthritis and connective tissue disorders. Inflammatory arthritis encompasses many forms of arthritis including, rheumatoid arthritis, spondyloarthropathies and osteoarthritis which are all chronic inflammatory joint diseases. An individual who presents with these typically experiences pain, stiffness, joint swelling and progressive joint damage. Additionally, connective tissue disorders such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and systemic sclerosis (scleroderma) are autoimmune diseases which affect connective tissues leading to impaired mobility, joint deformities, vascular complications and systemic inflammation. These conditions can impact activities of daily living (ADLs), mobility and quality of life, reinforcing the importance of the review to assist in understanding the efficacy of footwear as a management strategy to alleviate symptoms, enhance functional outcomes and improve mobility for individuals living with these conditions. Inclusion Criteria: - The systematic review will include the adult population only, so participants will be 18 years and over and have a working diagnosis of IA or CTD.Exclusion Criteria:- Studies not originally in English or not translated into English due to the primary language of the research team, despite participants being over 18.- The systematic review will not include studies with individuals under 18 years of age. The intervention that will be reviewed in the systematic review is footwear as a management strategy for inflammatory arthritis and connective tissue disorders. This includes any type of therapeutic or non-therapeutic footwear and assesses its effectiveness of managing the symptoms of these conditions.Inclusion criteria:Any type of therapeutic or nontherapeutic footwear that is used as a management strategy for these conditions. Not Applicable",
CRD42018093507,"What are the effects of computerized clinical decision support systems (CDSS) for the prescribing of oral anticoagulant therapy, compared to routine care? Which CDSS characteristics or implementation features are associated with success vs. failure?",Prescription of oral anticoagulants,
CRD420250639065,"""What is the efficacy and safety of bioactive molecules derived from amphibian venoms in the treatment of cancer, compared to conventional treatments or no treatment, in in vitro and in vivo models?""","It's being modelled a revision about burn peptides of the dermaseptin class and their therapeutic use in cancer treatment In vivo murine and lagomorph models of treatment of any type of cancer presented in the studies found*Rats (Wistar; Balc; Sprague-Dawley);within our search strategy, previous screenings will be considered in the analysis, such as:*Mice;*Rabbits;In vitro experiments with cells. Interventions must be related to the cause of cancer in animals and cells.",Any other type of animal; not using a cancer treatment model Any other type of intervention that has not contributed to treating cancer in animals and cells. It was not compared with treatments that used non-dermaseptin and chemotherapeutic-based models.
CRD420250619643,"What are the efficacy and safety of the different androgen receptor signaling inhibitors (ARSIs) in metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC), including subgroup analyses for patients with high tumor volume?","Prostate Cancer; Hormone Therapy; Efficacy; Safety The disease domain being studied in this systematic review and meta-analysis is the treatment of metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer(mHSPC), defined as advanced prostate cancer that has not received hormone therapy. Prostate cancer was the most commonly diagnosed cancer in meal and there were 268 thousand new cases and 35 thousand deaths of prostate cancer in the United States in 2022. In the past few years, serval large, randomized, phase 3 clinical trials have show that the overall survival (OS), radiographic progression-free survival (rPFS) and median time to prostate-specific antigen (PSA) progression were longer among the patients received androgen receptor signaling inhibitors with ADT or ADT alone. Nevertheless, the efficacy and safety of androgen receptor signaling inhibitors plus ADT for mHSPC have not yet been compared. In this study, we aim to comprehensively understand the therapeutic effects and safety profile of androgen receptor signaling inhibitors in prostate cancer patients, providing a reliable evidence base for clinical practice. The studies that met the criteria below were included: (1) the article was relevant to androgen receptor signaling inhibitors or androgen biosynthesis inhibitor plus androgen deprivation therapy in patients with mHSPC; (2) the study was randomized, phase three clinical trials; (3) a head-to-head comparison of the efficacy and safety of two therapy was performed. Enzalutamide; Bicalutamide; Apalutamide; Darolutamide; Abiraterone Acetate Combination therapy was the main intervention.(e.g.enzalutamide plus androgen deprivation therapy , bicalutamide plus androgen deprivation therapy, apalutamide plus androgen deprivation therapy, darolutamide plus androgen deprivation therapy, rezvilutamide plus androgen deprivation therapy, abiraterone acetate and prednisone plus androgen deprivation therapy) PICO tags selected: Placebo Placebo plus androgen deprivation therapy.",The article would be excluded if it met the following criteria:(1) duplicative; (2) the irrelevant to mHSPC; (3) the publishment was not in English; (4) the data was not extractable in the article. (5)animal experiments.
CRD42024564954,"What is the impact of palliative care delivered through overnight U.S. summer camps (intervention), compared to either no specific intervention or standard palliative practice, on quality of life (outcome) of caregivers of young people aged 7 up to 18 with serious or chronic illness (population)?""","Children and adolescents face a variety of serious and chronic illnesses and conditions. Parents/caregivers of children with serious and chronic illnesses face significant risks including high rates of self-harm, depression, and anxiety. Evidence suggests that Out of School Time (OST), like summer camps, can serve as a specialized therapeutic care (i.e., palliative) intervention for youth living with chronic or serious illness and their parents/caregivers. Parents and caregivers who involve their children in OST experiences do so for a variety of reasons, including (child and parent) respite. While there is considerable literature supporting the benefits of camp for both children with chronic illness and their caregivers, there is little research evaluating the use of OST settings as a direct palliative care intervention for caregivers.",
CRD42024616858,"Population
Inclusion:
Patients diagnosed with intracranial hypertension due to:
Traumatic brain injury (TBI)
Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH)
Exclusion:
Patients with pre-existing conditions impacting intracranial pressure (e.g., hydrocephalus unrelated to TBI/ICH, brain tumors)
Patients with contraindications to hyperosmolar therapy
Intervention: 23.4% hypertonic saline
Comparator(s): 3% hypertonic saline & 20% mannitol
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes:
Reduction in intracranial pressure (ICP)
Neurological outcomes (e.g., Glasgow Coma Scale improvement, modified Rankin Scale scores)
Secondary Outcomes:
Mortality rates
Complications or adverse effects (e.g., electrolyte imbalance, renal dysfunction)
Length of ICU/hospital stay
Study Design
Inclusion:
Randomized controlled trials (RCTs)
Observational studies (e.g., cohort or case-control studies with robust methods)
Exclusion:
Case reports, review articles, editorials, and conference abstracts without sufficient data","This review focuses on intracranial hypertension, a critical condition characterized by elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) that can result from traumatic brain injury (TBI) or spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Effective management of elevated ICP is vital to prevent secondary brain injury, improve neurological outcomes, and reduce mortality. The study examines the comparative efficacy and safety of three hyperosmolar therapies: 23.4% hypertonic saline, 3% hypertonic saline.",
CRD420250643041,"1. What tinnitus-related clinical practice guidelines have been published in the last 10 years?2. What are the key recommendations provided by these guidelines regarding the diagnosis and treatment of subjective tinnitus?3. How were these guidelines developed, including their methodological rigor, evidence bases, and stakeholder involvement?4. What are the similarities and differences among these guidelines in terms of recommendations and quality?5. What are the potential gaps in the existing guidelines that need to be addressed in future guideline development?","Subjective tinnitus impacts a substantial global population, reducing quality of life for millions, yet current clinical guidelines exhibit inconsistent quality and methodological rigor, contributing to heterogeneous practices and suboptimal outcomes. Key challenges persist in its management: etiological complexity due to interactions between auditory pathway dysfunction, neural plasticity, and psychological comorbidities complicates targeted interventions; diagnostic reliance on subjective reports lacks objective biomarkers, limiting standardized assessment; and therapeutic strategies, including sound therapy and cognitive-behavioral interventions, demonstrate variable efficacy and adherence, while emerging neuromodulation approaches require further evidence-based validation. A rigorous evaluation of guidelines is critical to address these gaps, harmonize methodological standards, and improve patient-centered care frameworks. Adults with subjective tinnitus. In the absence of corresponding sound sources and electrical (magnetic) stimulation sources in the surrounding environment, patients have a subjective sensation that there is sound in their ears or inside their skulls, and the course of the disease lasts for more than three months. Details of interventions recommended in the clinical guidelines will be recorded.",
CRD42025637038,What role do epigenetic modifications play in immune response and tissue healing in apical periodontitis ?,Apical Periodontitis,
CRD420251000404,Does curcumin supplementation improve motor symptoms in PD patients?,"Adults with Parkinson's disease (as diagnosed using any recognised diagnostic criteria). Patients on stable doses of dopaminergic medications. Curcumin; Nanocurcumin Curcumin Formulations: Studies using various curcumin formulations, such as: Nanomicelle curcumin, Curcumin phospholipids, CurQfen, Encapsulated curcumin crystalline powder. Administration Route: Oral administration of curcumin Co-interventions: Studies where participants continue their prescribed drug regimen for PD, with curcumin as an add-on therapy. PICO tags selected: Placebo; Usual Care The systematic review will include randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort study that assess the efficacy of curcumin or its formulations as a therapeutic intervention for Parkinson's Disease","Patients with Parkinson's disease due to atypical parkinsonism, or secondary causes. Patients with severe systemic or psychological diseases. Non-curcumin Interventions: Studies that do not specifically assess the effects of curcumin or its formulations. Non-oral administration: Studies using non-oral routes of curcumin administration. Incomplete Data: Studies that do not provide sufficient details regarding the curcumin formulation, dosage, or duration of treatment. Studies not reporting original data (e.g., reviews, editorials, and case reports) and those with incomplete data or methodological flaws will not be included. Studies involving animal models or in vitro experiments will also be excluded."
CRD420250646398,"In patients with Parkinson's Disease, what is the therapeutic effect of N-acetylcysteine and Glutathione supplementation on motor and non-motor symptoms, disease markers , and disease progression, based on randomized controlled trials?","Parkinson's Disease Patients (18+ years) diagnosed with Parkinson's disease (early, moderate, or advanced stages). Human participants only. Glutathione; N-acetyl cysteine Our intervention focuses on assessing the improvement in Parkinson's disease patients across a range of outcomes following NAC and/or glutathione administration. These outcomes include clinical measures related to motor symptoms (e.g., tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia), non-motor symptoms (e.g., cognitive impairment, mood disorders, depression), disease progression (e.g., delay in motor deterioration, reduction in motor fluctuations), relevant biomarkers (e.g., oxidative stress markers, glutathione levels), and quality of life improvements related to Parkinson's disease. We will also consider data from any symptomatic assessment tools, such as the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS). The NAC and/or glutathione interventions can be administered in various ways, including orally (capsules, tablets, liquids), intravenously (infusion), intramuscularly (injection), inhaled (nebulizer), transdermally (patch), or topically (cream, gel). PICO tags selected: Placebo; Usual Care Comparators will include placebo, with or without standard Parkinson's disease (PD) care. Studies employing other active comparators will also be considered. Standard PD care will be defined as the treatments and management strategies commonly used for PD at the time the eligible studies were conducted.","Studies involving populations with neurodegenerative diseases which are not Parkinson's Disease (e.g., Alzheimer's, Huntington's disease). Non-human studies (e.g., rodent models, animal studies). Studies where N-acetylcysteine or Glutathione is not the primary treatment or is combined with unrelated therapies."
CRD420251013394,"We intend to evaluate the effects of testosterone replacement therapy on vascular function (FMD, IMT), glycemic control (FPG, HbA1c, HOMA-IR), metabolic syndrome, lipid profile, anthropometric parameters (BMI, non-HDL cholesterol),testosterone levels, and quality of life (AMS questionnaire).","Adult men (≥18 years old) with OR WITHOUT described obesity Men with Type-two diabetes mellitus Testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) in any form (e.g., injectable, transdermal, oral) Hormone Replacement Therapy; Testosterone PICO tags selected: Placebo No testosterone replacement therapy Randomized clinical trials, cohort studies, case-control studies, cross-sectional studies, diagnostic studies, observational studies.","Patients with primary testicular failure (e.g., Klinefelter syndrome) where Testosterone Replacement Therapy is not comparable to secondary hypogonadism. Men receiving Testosterone replacement therapy for non-medical purposes (e.g., bodybuilding, anti-aging). Studies where Testosterone Replacement Therapy is combined with other hormonal therapies (e.g., growth hormone, anabolic steroids). Narrative reviews, case reports, editorials, expert opinions, and letters to the editor."
CRD42025641717,"Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MASLD) affects 38% of the global population and is increasingly prevalent among younger individuals. It has now become the leading cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. The economic and societal burdens associated with MASLD are substantial. Moreover, if left untreated, MASLD can progress to severe clinical outcomes such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Current evidence suggests that genetic factors, environmental influences, and lifestyle choices all contribute to the development and progression of MASLD. Exercise interventions have been identified as a crucial therapeutic measure, capable of improving various clinical indicators such as lipid metabolism, hepatic fibrosis, and insulin resistance. However, patient adherence to exercise interventions in clinical practice remains low. Therefore, identifying the most effective type of exercise intervention for improving MASLD is of significant value, as it can provide a theoretical basis for clinical practice.","Clinical practice has demonstrated that exercise interventions are an effective approach for influencing MASLD. If individuals maintain more than 60 minutes of vigorous physical activity per week, the likelihood of developing MASLD can be reduced by 42%. However, previous research findings have shown conflicting results regarding the impact of different exercise modalities on patients. Some studies suggest that aerobic exercise and resistance training have comparable abilities to improve patient outcomes. Moreover, in a large-sample randomized controlled trial (RCT), patients were further assigned to moderate- or high-intensity groups, and the results indicated that the effects of different training intensities on liver enzyme indices were not statistically significant. Therefore, although exercise interventions hold potential value in the management of MASLD, the current research findings remain inconsistent and limited. From the existing studies, there is a lack of direct comparisons among different pieces of evidence, and further exploration is needed.",
CRD420250570146,Objectif principal : Décrire les expérimentations de soins pharmaceutiques développées dans la prise en charge des maladies chroniques dans les PRFI,Chronic Disease; Patient Education Adult patient with a chronic disease Education; Medication Review Done By Pharmacist; Pharmaceutical services,
CRD420250638727,What are the therapeutic effects of footbath on the physical and psychological outcomes of stroke patients?,To explore scientific evidence regarding the effects of footbath on the physical and psychological aspects of stroke patients Stroke patients aged 18 years and older footbath standard care and health group,
CRD42023394214,"The specific review questions addressed in this review are:
1. What is the relationship between adherence and swallowing efficacy in adults with head and neck cancer (HNC)?
2. To what extent do factors influence exercise adherence variability, including intervention characteristics type i.e., direct intervention approach (diet modifications) versus indirect intervention approach (postural modifications, swallowing maneuvers/ stimulation of oropharyngeal structures), delivery (i.e., use of technology, clinic vs. home-delivery), demographics (i.e., age, gender) and severity of one’s condition (i.e., treatment received, type/location of cancer).",dysphagia; swallowing impairment,
CRD42019148022,We want to investigate whether 6-month adjuvant trastuzumab treatment is non-inferior to the standard 12-month treatment in women with HER2-positive early breast cancer.,"Adjuvant trastuzumab apparently improves outcomes for women with HER2-positive early breast cancer. The standard treatment duration is 12 months, but recent studies show that shorter treatments may provide similar efficacy while reducing toxicities and cost.",
CRD42018088739,"What is the effect of extended anticoagulant therapy for VTE on clinically relevant outcomes including all-cause mortality, thromboembolic mortality, cardiovascular mortality and major bleeding-related mortality?","Venous thromboembolism (VTE), mortality, and anticoagulant therapy.",
CRD42024559904,P: Pediatric and adults patients with osteosarcoma and acute lymphoblastic leukemia and lymphoma malignanciesI : Therapeutic and pharmacological monitoring of methorexate ( dosage analysis and adjustement ) C : NoneO : Dosage adjustment and administration of antidotes for better efficacy and avoiding toxicities,"Osteosarcoma Of Bone; Non-hodgkin's Lymphoma; Acute Lymphoid Leukemia Methotrexate is used to effectively treat pediatric and adult patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, osteosarcoma, and lymphoma malignancies.However, it has been associated with toxic effects, including acute kidney injury,, hepatotoxicity, and myelosuppression. These toxic effects are associated with the dosing regimen and duration of exposure to above-threshold concentrations. Pediatric and adults patients with osteosarcoma and acute lymphoblastic leukemia and lymphoma malignancies Inclusion criteria :- Studies on therapeutic monitoring of methotrexate using different methods.- Studies conducted on patients suffering from osteosarcoma and acute lymphoblastic leukemia and lymphoma malignancies.- Studies involving adult and pediatric patients.- Publications in English or French- Recent publications, from the last ten years.Exclusion criteria : - Studies conducted on patients with autoimmune or inflammatory diseases.- Studies on animal models.- Grey literature and reviews.",
CRD42024492640,"What is the effectiveness of non medical interventions to increase empathy in adults on the Autistic Spectrum.
Population: Adults diagnosed with Autistic Spectrum Disorder.
Intervention: Non-medical interventions that aim to increase empathy.
Comparison: Control groups/active control groups.
Outcome: Post empathy scores.","Studies must have recruited participants with a diagnosis of Autistic Spectrum Disorder using recognised psychometric assessments and clinical interview as specified in the recognised classification systems of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) 4 and 5, and International Classification of Diseases (ICD) 10 and 11.
The Empathy Quotient (EQ). Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ). Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule
(ADOS). Autism Diagnostic Interview (ADI). The Autism Diagnostic Interview Revised (ADI R). The Reading
the Mind in the eyes test. The Diagnostic Interview for Social and Communication Disorders (DISCO).",
CRD42025640905,"Disorders of consciousness present a significant challenge in clinical practice due to their complex nature and variability in outcomes. Predictive models are critical for guiding treatment decisions and setting realistic expectations for recovery, but their accuracy and applicability remain unclear. This review aims to synthesize current evidence to better understand model performance and limitations.","Disorders of consciousness (DOC) encompass a spectrum of conditions characterized by impaired awareness and responsiveness, including coma, vegetative state, and minimally conscious state. These conditions often result from severe brain injuries such as trauma, stroke, or hypoxia. The review focuses on the healthcare domain of predictive modeling for DOC, aiming to evaluate models designed to forecast outcomes, guide treatment decisions, and improve prognostication accuracy for patients with these complex conditions.",
CRD42023482063,How do Umbilical cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Bone marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells differ as regenerative therapeutic modalities for heart therapy ?,"Heart failure, Myocardial infarction, Mesenchymal stem cells in heart therapy",
CRD420251018557,"To compare the differences in the effects of aerobic exercise and resistance exercise on the pulmonary function (FEV1%, FEV1/FVC), exercise tolerance (6MWT) and quality of life (SGRQ score) of elderly patients with COPD.",Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Aerobic Exercise PICO tags selected: Resistance training,
CRD42023393570,"We aim to determine if embryonic stem cells transplantation therapy can significantly improve the prognosis and outcome of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI), and have the potential to be a viable and sustainable treatment option for neurotrauma.
The PICO structure was used to formulate the systematic review question:
1. P (Population): Patients with traumatic brain injury and/or spinal cord injury
2. I (Intervention): Embryonic stem cells transplantation
3. C (Comparison): Placebo, alternative/ pharmacological therapy, surgical intervention
4. O (Outcome): Primary outcome – mortality; secondary outcome – Glasgow Outcome Score (GOS) for TBI, American Spinal Cord Injury Association (ASIA) impairment scale for SCI",Traumatic brain injury (TBI) and traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI),
CRD42020155575,"This review aims to evaluate the performance standards and role of imaging for whole-body MRI due to the presence of myeloma, as proposed by the Myeloma Response Assessment and Diagnosis System (MY-RADS).",Whole-body MRI in myelomva,
CRD42024526281,"Research Question:
""In a randomized controlled meta-analysis, how does the efficacy of coenzyme Q10 supplementation compare with that of nanocurcumin in alleviating the clinical symptoms of migraine patients within the field of non-pharmacological treatment?""
Research Objectives/Purpose:
The primary objectives of this study are:
1) To examine the clinical effectiveness of non-pharmacological treatments, in particular, the supplementation of Coenzyme Q10 and nanocurcumin, in alleviating the symptoms of migraine patients.
2) To conduct a comparative analysis of Coenzyme Q10 supplementation and nanocurcumin in symptom mitigation among migraine patients.
3) To provide an evidence-based conclusion on the preferential intervention measure for non-pharmacological migraine treatment.
In accordance with the PICOs Principle:
- Population (P): Migraine patients
- Intervention (I): Supplementation of Coenzyme Q10
- Comparison (C): Supplementation of nano-curcumin
- Outcomes (O): Reduction in clinical symptoms of migraine
- Study Design (S): A randomized controlled meta-analysis
This can be reframed into the following research purpose:
The purpose of this randomized controlled meta-analysis is to investigate the clinical effectiveness of non-pharmacological treatments, specifically comparing Coenzyme Q10 and nanocurcumin supplementation, in reducing clinical symptoms in migraine patients. The aim is to provide an evidence-based recommendation for future clinical practice and research within the scope of non-pharmacological migraine treatments.","This research focuses on the non-pharmacological treatment of migraine, specifically exploring the comparative effectiveness of supplemental turmeric (curcumin) and coenzyme Q10 in alleviating the clinical symptoms of migraine. Our study is a randomized controlled meta-analysis comparing supplemental coenzyme Q10 and nanocurcumin for migraine relief.
Migraines, characterized by recurrent, debilitating headaches, significantly impact patients' quality of life. Conventional pharmacological treatments often come with side effects and limitations, necessitating the exploration of alternative therapies. Coenzyme Q10, a naturally occurring antioxidant, and nanocurcumin, a bioavailable form of turmeric with anti-inflammatory properties, have both shown potential in migraine management. However, their comparative effectiveness remains under-explored.
This study aims to fill this gap by systematically analyzing clinical trials and meta-analyses that investigate the effects of coenzyme Q10 and nanocurcumin on migraine symptoms. By focusing on these non-pharmacological supplements, the study contributes to a broader understanding of potential migraine treatments and offers insights into more holistic, patient-centered care approaches.",
CRD42024589096,"The aim of this meta-analysis is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the combination therapy of semaglutide and metformin in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes, with a focus on glycemic control and treatment-related adverse events, in order to optimize therapeutic strategies specific to this population.","Health outcomes for type 2 diabetes typically include glycemic control, complication rates, quality of life, and long-term survival. Effective management of type 2 diabetes can reduce the risk of complications such as cardiovascular disease, nephropathy, retinopathy, and neuropathy. Key health indicators include glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, blood pressure, lipid profiles, and daily functional status. In the health sector, attention to type 2 diabetes encompasses not only treatment but also prevention, patient education, lifestyle interventions, and the formulation of health policies aimed at reducing the disease burden and improving overall patient outcomes and well-being.",
CRD42022340996,"• Generic question: What sort of endocrinologic follow-up is recommended to monitor the onset of endocrinologic diseases in NKX2-1-related disorders?
• Structured question: What are the best procedures for initial screening of endocrine diseases in patients with NKX2-1-related disorders?","NKX2-1-related disorders (brain-lung-thyroid syndrome) are characterized by choreoathetosis, hypothyroidism, and neonatal respiratory distress caused by variants or deletions of the NKX2-1 gene. The Systematic Review focuses on the best procedures for the early detection of endocrine diseases in patients with NKX2-1-related disorders.",
CRD420251029765,The purpose of this review is to evaluate the role of colchicine,Adult patients aged 18 years and above with any cardiovascular disease (CVD) who receive colchicine. Colchicine administration as monotherapy or in combination with other standard therapies PICO tags selected: Placebo Standard treatment without colchicine or placebo. Studies including RCTs and observational studies will be included in this review.,"Patients younger than 18 years old, patients not rececing colchicine and patients using colchicine for noncardiovascular reasons. Patients not receicing colchicine or any other therapy for cardiovacular conditions. Patients not receiving any therapy at all. Case report, case series,editorial and opinion articles will be excluded."
CRD420250653697,"P：Breast Cancer
I: Mind-Body-Exercise
C: Passive control, usual care and standard therapy
O: QoL and Fatigue
S: RCT","Fatigue plays a central role in the reduced quality of life of breast cancer patients. This form of cancer-related fatigue is closely linked to the HPA axis and the immune system. Chronic stress leads to excessive activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, increasing cortisol release. Persistent immune system activation raises energy consumption and depletes reserves, ultimately exacerbating fatigue in affected individuals. This vicious cycle of inflammation and energy loss represents a key mechanism of cancer-related fatigue.
Exercise significantly improves both physical and psychological health in cancer patients. Studies show that many experience fatigue, psychological stress, and reduced quality of life, severely impacting daily life. In this context, combining physical movement and mental focus plays a crucial role. Mind-body exercises (MBEs) are therapeutic approaches utilizing this combination. The most well-known include Tai Chi, Baduanjin, and Yoga. Studies show that MBEs enhance quality of life, fatigue, and physiological and psychological functions in cancer patients. Particularly for breast cancer patients, numerous studies confirm the positive effects of MBEs, including improved quality of life, reduced fatigue, and enhanced physical and psychological functions",
CRD42023447554,Is McKenzie exercises are effective for reducing the symptoms of forward head posture,"FHP is a severe condition that has risen in frequency recently. The head moves forward, shifting the Centre of gravity. The head is placed in front of the trunk as the upper body recedes and the shoulders drop forward in order to make up for the change in the Centre of gravity. A forward neck posture is one in which the head is positioned anteriorly, the normal anterior cervical convexity is elevated, and the apex of the lordotic cervical curve is at a significant distance from the LOG in compared to the ideal posture. Forward neck posture is also known as forward head posture, Scholar's neck, Reading neck, or Wearsie neck. Forward neck posture is the most prevalent postural issue, estimated to affect 66% to 90% of the population, and its impact on health is becoming more and more clear. A weakening of the deep cervical flexors, tightening of the suboccipital muscles, aberrant function of the sternocleidomastoid (SCM), and scalene muscles are all factors that contribute to this posture.",
CRD420250629268,"Population: The present review will include human clinical trials with a 6-month minimum follow-up.The participants included are those diagnosed with periodontitis stage III and IV, grade B or C, not medically compromised, and older than 18 years. The definition of periodontitis will be based on the latest 2017 Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions consensus workshop or similar at the 1999 Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions consensus workshop (Severe Generalized Chronic Periodontitis).Intervention: The test groups will include local delivery adjuncts (LDAs) with mechanical debridement (MD). The LDAs must have a main microbiological and/or clinical mechanism of action within the periodontal pocket. The sites considered will not have had any surgical intervention before the LDAs application.Comparisons: The control group will receive MD alone or MD combined with a placebo. The definition of MD in this review will include ""scaling and root planing (SRP)"" and “ultrasonic scaling (U/S)” as both techniques will be capable of removing calculus.Outcomes: Clinical and/or microbiological changes will be assessed.","Periodontitis The present review will include human clinical trials with a 6-month minimum follow-up.The participants included are those diagnosed with periodontitis stage III and IV, grade B or C, not medically compromised, and older than 18 years. The definition of periodontitis will be based on the latest 2017 Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions consensus workshop or similar at the 1999 Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions consensus workshop (Severe Generalized Chronic Periodontitis). Antimicrobials; Adjuvant Therapy PICO tags selected: Periodontal Scaling And Root Planing, Entire Mouth; Placebo",
CRD42024506012,"Can Retinal Vessel diameter changes predict the incidence and progression of diabetic retinopathy？
Can the retinal vessel diameter be used as an index to evaluate the therapeutic effect of diabetic retinopathy?
We included studies that explored the correlation of retinal vessel diameter with diabetic retinopathy aimed to produce a useful summary.","Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is an ocular lesion caused by retinal microvascular damage caused by diabetes. As the first blind eye disease in working age people, blindness and low vision caused by DR has become a major public health problem, and its early prevention and treatment is the focus and difficulty of clinical practice. Some biological markers based on imaging can help guide their screening, treatment decision and prognosis.Existing studies show that retinal vessel diameter has a high predictive value for the occurrence and development of diabetic retinopathy, but the level of evidence is limited and there is no meta-analysis for data merging.",
CRD42023423567,"I. To describe clinical characteristics, risk factors and outcomes of adult patients with hepatitis caused by Herpes simplex Virus
II: To describe laboratory characteristics and risk factors of adult patients with hepatitis caused by Herpes simplex Virus",Hepatopathy caused by herpes simplex virus types 1 or 2.,
CRD420251040979,To assess the prevalence of anemia among patients with heart failure (HF).,"Human adults diagnosed with heart failure (acute or chronic) and anemia, with clearly defined diagnostic criteria for both conditions, across all clinical settings Heart Failure Education; Anemia Screening; Hospital admission",
CRD420251005555,,"patients with esophageal cancer confirmed by pathological diagnosis, with no exclusion based on gender, age, or clinical stage Carboplatin; Paclitaxel; Chemotherapy PICO tags selected: Cisplatin; Fluorouracil; Chemotherapy randomized controlled trial (RCT), meeting summaries, abstracts, cohort study, or case-control studies","Reviews, single case reports, expert consensuses, or editorials"