Question: subaltern suffering academia

4--- Their politics of naming pain narratives inscribe the subaltern’s suffering onto its identity -- the subaltern is recognizable by academia only when depicted in its suffering which internalizes violence

Tuck & Yang 14 ( Eve Tuck and K Wayne Yang, 2014, Eve Tuck is Associate Professor of Critical Race and Indigenous Studies at the Ontario Institute for Studies in Education (OISE), University of Toronto. She is Canada Research Chair of Indigenous Methodologies with Youth and Communities. She is a William T Grant Scholar (2015-2020) and was a Ford Foundation Postdoctoral Fellow (2011-2012). K Wayne Yang - Ph.D., 2004, Social and Cultural Studies, University of California, Berkeley, “R-Words: Refusing Research” https://static1.squarespace.com/static/557744ffe4b013bae3b7af63/t/557f2ee5e4b0220eff4ae4b5/1434398437409/Tuck+and+Yang+R+Words_Refusing+Research.pdf Pages 227-230 Eve; K. Wayne “R-Words: Refusing Research” pp. 232-235)

does narratives of pain may be language, experiences, and wisdoms better left alone there are stories that are entrusted to us, stories that are told to us make meaningful relationships in peoples’ lives these stories are not simply not ours to take. underrepresented in the academy by social location frequently experience a pressure to become the Native informant We carry the proof of oppression on our backs These stories are not always ours to give away Stories are meant to be passed among loved ones what am I revealing here and why Who benefits Academic knowledge is particular and privileged disguises itself as universal does so through erasure also through inclusion


Question: stories are not ours to take

4--- Their politics of naming pain narratives inscribe the subaltern’s suffering onto its identity -- the subaltern is recognizable by academia only when depicted in its suffering which internalizes violence

Tuck & Yang 14 ( Eve Tuck and K Wayne Yang, 2014, Eve Tuck is Associate Professor of Critical Race and Indigenous Studies at the Ontario Institute for Studies in Education (OISE), University of Toronto. She is Canada Research Chair of Indigenous Methodologies with Youth and Communities. She is a William T Grant Scholar (2015-2020) and was a Ford Foundation Postdoctoral Fellow (2011-2012). K Wayne Yang - Ph.D., 2004, Social and Cultural Studies, University of California, Berkeley, “R-Words: Refusing Research” https://static1.squarespace.com/static/557744ffe4b013bae3b7af63/t/557f2ee5e4b0220eff4ae4b5/1434398437409/Tuck+and+Yang+R+Words_Refusing+Research.pdf Pages 227-230 Eve; K. Wayne “R-Words: Refusing Research” pp. 232-235)

does narratives of pain may be language, experiences, and wisdoms better left alone there are stories that are entrusted to us, stories that are told to us make meaningful relationships in peoples’ lives these stories are not simply not ours to take. underrepresented in the academy by social location frequently experience a pressure to become the Native informant We carry the proof of oppression on our backs These stories are not always ours to give away Stories are meant to be passed among loved ones what am I revealing here and why Who benefits Academic knowledge is particular and privileged disguises itself as universal does so through erasure also through inclusion


Question: Academic knowledge is privileged

4--- Their politics of naming pain narratives inscribe the subaltern’s suffering onto its identity -- the subaltern is recognizable by academia only when depicted in its suffering which internalizes violence

Tuck & Yang 14 ( Eve Tuck and K Wayne Yang, 2014, Eve Tuck is Associate Professor of Critical Race and Indigenous Studies at the Ontario Institute for Studies in Education (OISE), University of Toronto. She is Canada Research Chair of Indigenous Methodologies with Youth and Communities. She is a William T Grant Scholar (2015-2020) and was a Ford Foundation Postdoctoral Fellow (2011-2012). K Wayne Yang - Ph.D., 2004, Social and Cultural Studies, University of California, Berkeley, “R-Words: Refusing Research” https://static1.squarespace.com/static/557744ffe4b013bae3b7af63/t/557f2ee5e4b0220eff4ae4b5/1434398437409/Tuck+and+Yang+R+Words_Refusing+Research.pdf Pages 227-230 Eve; K. Wayne “R-Words: Refusing Research” pp. 232-235)

does narratives of pain may be language, experiences, and wisdoms better left alone there are stories that are entrusted to us, stories that are told to us make meaningful relationships in peoples’ lives these stories are not simply not ours to take. underrepresented in the academy by social location frequently experience a pressure to become the Native informant We carry the proof of oppression on our backs These stories are not always ours to give away Stories are meant to be passed among loved ones what am I revealing here and why Who benefits Academic knowledge is particular and privileged disguises itself as universal does so through erasure also through inclusion


Question: narratives of pain language experiences wisdoms

4--- Their politics of naming pain narratives inscribe the subaltern’s suffering onto its identity -- the subaltern is recognizable by academia only when depicted in its suffering which internalizes violence

Tuck & Yang 14 ( Eve Tuck and K Wayne Yang, 2014, Eve Tuck is Associate Professor of Critical Race and Indigenous Studies at the Ontario Institute for Studies in Education (OISE), University of Toronto. She is Canada Research Chair of Indigenous Methodologies with Youth and Communities. She is a William T Grant Scholar (2015-2020) and was a Ford Foundation Postdoctoral Fellow (2011-2012). K Wayne Yang - Ph.D., 2004, Social and Cultural Studies, University of California, Berkeley, “R-Words: Refusing Research” https://static1.squarespace.com/static/557744ffe4b013bae3b7af63/t/557f2ee5e4b0220eff4ae4b5/1434398437409/Tuck+and+Yang+R+Words_Refusing+Research.pdf Pages 227-230 Eve; K. Wayne “R-Words: Refusing Research” pp. 232-235)

does narratives of pain may be language, experiences, and wisdoms better left alone there are stories that are entrusted to us, stories that are told to us make meaningful relationships in peoples’ lives these stories are not simply not ours to take. underrepresented in the academy by social location frequently experience a pressure to become the Native informant We carry the proof of oppression on our backs These stories are not always ours to give away Stories are meant to be passed among loved ones what am I revealing here and why Who benefits Academic knowledge is particular and privileged disguises itself as universal does so through erasure also through inclusion


Question: stories meant to be passed among loved ones

4--- Their politics of naming pain narratives inscribe the subaltern’s suffering onto its identity -- the subaltern is recognizable by academia only when depicted in its suffering which internalizes violence

Tuck & Yang 14 ( Eve Tuck and K Wayne Yang, 2014, Eve Tuck is Associate Professor of Critical Race and Indigenous Studies at the Ontario Institute for Studies in Education (OISE), University of Toronto. She is Canada Research Chair of Indigenous Methodologies with Youth and Communities. She is a William T Grant Scholar (2015-2020) and was a Ford Foundation Postdoctoral Fellow (2011-2012). K Wayne Yang - Ph.D., 2004, Social and Cultural Studies, University of California, Berkeley, “R-Words: Refusing Research” https://static1.squarespace.com/static/557744ffe4b013bae3b7af63/t/557f2ee5e4b0220eff4ae4b5/1434398437409/Tuck+and+Yang+R+Words_Refusing+Research.pdf Pages 227-230 Eve; K. Wayne “R-Words: Refusing Research” pp. 232-235)

does narratives of pain may be language, experiences, and wisdoms better left alone there are stories that are entrusted to us, stories that are told to us make meaningful relationships in peoples’ lives these stories are not simply not ours to take. underrepresented in the academy by social location frequently experience a pressure to become the Native informant We carry the proof of oppression on our backs These stories are not always ours to give away Stories are meant to be passed among loved ones what am I revealing here and why Who benefits Academic knowledge is particular and privileged disguises itself as universal does so through erasure also through inclusion


Question: R-Words: Refusing Research

4--- Their politics of naming pain narratives inscribe the subaltern’s suffering onto its identity -- the subaltern is recognizable by academia only when depicted in its suffering which internalizes violence

Tuck & Yang 14 ( Eve Tuck and K Wayne Yang, 2014, Eve Tuck is Associate Professor of Critical Race and Indigenous Studies at the Ontario Institute for Studies in Education (OISE), University of Toronto. She is Canada Research Chair of Indigenous Methodologies with Youth and Communities. She is a William T Grant Scholar (2015-2020) and was a Ford Foundation Postdoctoral Fellow (2011-2012). K Wayne Yang - Ph.D., 2004, Social and Cultural Studies, University of California, Berkeley, “R-Words: Refusing Research” https://static1.squarespace.com/static/557744ffe4b013bae3b7af63/t/557f2ee5e4b0220eff4ae4b5/1434398437409/Tuck+and+Yang+R+Words_Refusing+Research.pdf Pages 227-230 Eve; K. Wayne “R-Words: Refusing Research” pp. 232-235)

does narratives of pain may be language, experiences, and wisdoms better left alone there are stories that are entrusted to us, stories that are told to us make meaningful relationships in peoples’ lives these stories are not simply not ours to take. underrepresented in the academy by social location frequently experience a pressure to become the Native informant We carry the proof of oppression on our backs These stories are not always ours to give away Stories are meant to be passed among loved ones what am I revealing here and why Who benefits Academic knowledge is particular and privileged disguises itself as universal does so through erasure also through inclusion


Question: interdependence doesn't prevent war

4. Interdependence doesn’t prevent war---countries continue to trade during conflict.

Leda Zimmerman 21, Writer, editor and communications strategist, citing a paper by Mariya Grinberg, assistant professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, “Solving puzzles of international trade, war, and order,” MIT News, 10/29/21, https://news.mit.edu/2021/solving-puzzles-international-trade-war-order-mariya-grinberg-1029

trade could be conducted during conflict States do rational things Trade is mutually beneficial , and it makes sense for both sides to keep trade going The interdependence  arg relies  on the idea nations don’t trade during war But that’s not how it works Given the likelihood of trading  in conflict the push is not toward less war but trading during war .” trade cannot be used to  prevent war , because we have too many incentives to trade during war


Question: Zimmerman 21

4. Interdependence doesn’t prevent war---countries continue to trade during conflict.

Leda Zimmerman 21, Writer, editor and communications strategist, citing a paper by Mariya Grinberg, assistant professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, “Solving puzzles of international trade, war, and order,” MIT News, 10/29/21, https://news.mit.edu/2021/solving-puzzles-international-trade-war-order-mariya-grinberg-1029

trade could be conducted during conflict States do rational things Trade is mutually beneficial , and it makes sense for both sides to keep trade going The interdependence  arg relies  on the idea nations don’t trade during war But that’s not how it works Given the likelihood of trading  in conflict the push is not toward less war but trading during war .” trade cannot be used to  prevent war , because we have too many incentives to trade during war


Question: Mariya Grinberg

4. Interdependence doesn’t prevent war---countries continue to trade during conflict.

Leda Zimmerman 21, Writer, editor and communications strategist, citing a paper by Mariya Grinberg, assistant professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, “Solving puzzles of international trade, war, and order,” MIT News, 10/29/21, https://news.mit.edu/2021/solving-puzzles-international-trade-war-order-mariya-grinberg-1029

trade could be conducted during conflict States do rational things Trade is mutually beneficial , and it makes sense for both sides to keep trade going The interdependence  arg relies  on the idea nations don’t trade during war But that’s not how it works Given the likelihood of trading  in conflict the push is not toward less war but trading during war .” trade cannot be used to  prevent war , because we have too many incentives to trade during war


Question: trade during conflict

4. Interdependence doesn’t prevent war---countries continue to trade during conflict.

Leda Zimmerman 21, Writer, editor and communications strategist, citing a paper by Mariya Grinberg, assistant professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, “Solving puzzles of international trade, war, and order,” MIT News, 10/29/21, https://news.mit.edu/2021/solving-puzzles-international-trade-war-order-mariya-grinberg-1029

trade could be conducted during conflict States do rational things Trade is mutually beneficial , and it makes sense for both sides to keep trade going The interdependence  arg relies  on the idea nations don’t trade during war But that’s not how it works Given the likelihood of trading  in conflict the push is not toward less war but trading during war .” trade cannot be used to  prevent war , because we have too many incentives to trade during war


Question: interdependence war

4. Interdependence doesn’t prevent war---countries continue to trade during conflict.

Leda Zimmerman 21, Writer, editor and communications strategist, citing a paper by Mariya Grinberg, assistant professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, “Solving puzzles of international trade, war, and order,” MIT News, 10/29/21, https://news.mit.edu/2021/solving-puzzles-international-trade-war-order-mariya-grinberg-1029

trade could be conducted during conflict States do rational things Trade is mutually beneficial , and it makes sense for both sides to keep trade going The interdependence  arg relies  on the idea nations don’t trade during war But that’s not how it works Given the likelihood of trading  in conflict the push is not toward less war but trading during war .” trade cannot be used to  prevent war , because we have too many incentives to trade during war


Question: trade cannot prevent war

4. Interdependence doesn’t prevent war---countries continue to trade during conflict.

Leda Zimmerman 21, Writer, editor and communications strategist, citing a paper by Mariya Grinberg, assistant professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, “Solving puzzles of international trade, war, and order,” MIT News, 10/29/21, https://news.mit.edu/2021/solving-puzzles-international-trade-war-order-mariya-grinberg-1029

trade could be conducted during conflict States do rational things Trade is mutually beneficial , and it makes sense for both sides to keep trade going The interdependence  arg relies  on the idea nations don’t trade during war But that’s not how it works Given the likelihood of trading  in conflict the push is not toward less war but trading during war .” trade cannot be used to  prevent war , because we have too many incentives to trade during war


Question: 1AC value stands alone

The 1AC’s value stands on its own---responding to it with judgement and the ballot is a hollow validation that siphons off political energy and draws them into the oppressive gaze of the academy.

Dr. Kendall R. Phillips 99, Professor of Communication at Central Missouri State University, PhD in Speech Communication from Pennsylvania State University, MA in Speech Communication from Central Missouri State University, BS in Psychology and Sociology from Southwest Baptist University, “Rhetoric, Resistance, and Criticism: A Response to Sloop and Ono”, Philosophy & Rhetoric, Volume 32, Number 1, p. 96-101

concern centers around the role of the critic positioning communities as objects of investigation the critic is the active agent of change and discourse becomes instrumental Their suggestion that out-law communities need the academic critic contradicts the disruptive nature Ono fail to offer an adequate argument for " taking speaking out of the streets and studying it in the classroom treating it less as protest " and as an object for analysis within the academy without addressing whether the critic should be examining in the first place are we to believe members are prepared to be brought into the arena of surveillance perhaps re-presentation will bestow legitimacy Nonetheless , the effect is destructive to  siphon energy into academic practice, we destroy a cathexis recognition take the place of material opportunities But, will legitimation create any changes in conditions the critic is focusing on hidden texts and " rendering comprehensible" Turning covert discourses into objects of analyses risk subjecting them to the gaze of the dominant and the power relations of the academy


Question: Phillips 99

The 1AC’s value stands on its own---responding to it with judgement and the ballot is a hollow validation that siphons off political energy and draws them into the oppressive gaze of the academy.

Dr. Kendall R. Phillips 99, Professor of Communication at Central Missouri State University, PhD in Speech Communication from Pennsylvania State University, MA in Speech Communication from Central Missouri State University, BS in Psychology and Sociology from Southwest Baptist University, “Rhetoric, Resistance, and Criticism: A Response to Sloop and Ono”, Philosophy & Rhetoric, Volume 32, Number 1, p. 96-101

concern centers around the role of the critic positioning communities as objects of investigation the critic is the active agent of change and discourse becomes instrumental Their suggestion that out-law communities need the academic critic contradicts the disruptive nature Ono fail to offer an adequate argument for " taking speaking out of the streets and studying it in the classroom treating it less as protest " and as an object for analysis within the academy without addressing whether the critic should be examining in the first place are we to believe members are prepared to be brought into the arena of surveillance perhaps re-presentation will bestow legitimacy Nonetheless , the effect is destructive to  siphon energy into academic practice, we destroy a cathexis recognition take the place of material opportunities But, will legitimation create any changes in conditions the critic is focusing on hidden texts and " rendering comprehensible" Turning covert discourses into objects of analyses risk subjecting them to the gaze of the dominant and the power relations of the academy


Question: Kendall Phillips critique

The 1AC’s value stands on its own---responding to it with judgement and the ballot is a hollow validation that siphons off political energy and draws them into the oppressive gaze of the academy.

Dr. Kendall R. Phillips 99, Professor of Communication at Central Missouri State University, PhD in Speech Communication from Pennsylvania State University, MA in Speech Communication from Central Missouri State University, BS in Psychology and Sociology from Southwest Baptist University, “Rhetoric, Resistance, and Criticism: A Response to Sloop and Ono”, Philosophy & Rhetoric, Volume 32, Number 1, p. 96-101

concern centers around the role of the critic positioning communities as objects of investigation the critic is the active agent of change and discourse becomes instrumental Their suggestion that out-law communities need the academic critic contradicts the disruptive nature Ono fail to offer an adequate argument for " taking speaking out of the streets and studying it in the classroom treating it less as protest " and as an object for analysis within the academy without addressing whether the critic should be examining in the first place are we to believe members are prepared to be brought into the arena of surveillance perhaps re-presentation will bestow legitimacy Nonetheless , the effect is destructive to  siphon energy into academic practice, we destroy a cathexis recognition take the place of material opportunities But, will legitimation create any changes in conditions the critic is focusing on hidden texts and " rendering comprehensible" Turning covert discourses into objects of analyses risk subjecting them to the gaze of the dominant and the power relations of the academy


Question: ballot is hollow validation

The 1AC’s value stands on its own---responding to it with judgement and the ballot is a hollow validation that siphons off political energy and draws them into the oppressive gaze of the academy.

Dr. Kendall R. Phillips 99, Professor of Communication at Central Missouri State University, PhD in Speech Communication from Pennsylvania State University, MA in Speech Communication from Central Missouri State University, BS in Psychology and Sociology from Southwest Baptist University, “Rhetoric, Resistance, and Criticism: A Response to Sloop and Ono”, Philosophy & Rhetoric, Volume 32, Number 1, p. 96-101

concern centers around the role of the critic positioning communities as objects of investigation the critic is the active agent of change and discourse becomes instrumental Their suggestion that out-law communities need the academic critic contradicts the disruptive nature Ono fail to offer an adequate argument for " taking speaking out of the streets and studying it in the classroom treating it less as protest " and as an object for analysis within the academy without addressing whether the critic should be examining in the first place are we to believe members are prepared to be brought into the arena of surveillance perhaps re-presentation will bestow legitimacy Nonetheless , the effect is destructive to  siphon energy into academic practice, we destroy a cathexis recognition take the place of material opportunities But, will legitimation create any changes in conditions the critic is focusing on hidden texts and " rendering comprehensible" Turning covert discourses into objects of analyses risk subjecting them to the gaze of the dominant and the power relations of the academy


Question: oppressive gaze of academy

The 1AC’s value stands on its own---responding to it with judgement and the ballot is a hollow validation that siphons off political energy and draws them into the oppressive gaze of the academy.

Dr. Kendall R. Phillips 99, Professor of Communication at Central Missouri State University, PhD in Speech Communication from Pennsylvania State University, MA in Speech Communication from Central Missouri State University, BS in Psychology and Sociology from Southwest Baptist University, “Rhetoric, Resistance, and Criticism: A Response to Sloop and Ono”, Philosophy & Rhetoric, Volume 32, Number 1, p. 96-101

concern centers around the role of the critic positioning communities as objects of investigation the critic is the active agent of change and discourse becomes instrumental Their suggestion that out-law communities need the academic critic contradicts the disruptive nature Ono fail to offer an adequate argument for " taking speaking out of the streets and studying it in the classroom treating it less as protest " and as an object for analysis within the academy without addressing whether the critic should be examining in the first place are we to believe members are prepared to be brought into the arena of surveillance perhaps re-presentation will bestow legitimacy Nonetheless , the effect is destructive to  siphon energy into academic practice, we destroy a cathexis recognition take the place of material opportunities But, will legitimation create any changes in conditions the critic is focusing on hidden texts and " rendering comprehensible" Turning covert discourses into objects of analyses risk subjecting them to the gaze of the dominant and the power relations of the academy


Question: critic is active agent of change

The 1AC’s value stands on its own---responding to it with judgement and the ballot is a hollow validation that siphons off political energy and draws them into the oppressive gaze of the academy.

Dr. Kendall R. Phillips 99, Professor of Communication at Central Missouri State University, PhD in Speech Communication from Pennsylvania State University, MA in Speech Communication from Central Missouri State University, BS in Psychology and Sociology from Southwest Baptist University, “Rhetoric, Resistance, and Criticism: A Response to Sloop and Ono”, Philosophy & Rhetoric, Volume 32, Number 1, p. 96-101

concern centers around the role of the critic positioning communities as objects of investigation the critic is the active agent of change and discourse becomes instrumental Their suggestion that out-law communities need the academic critic contradicts the disruptive nature Ono fail to offer an adequate argument for " taking speaking out of the streets and studying it in the classroom treating it less as protest " and as an object for analysis within the academy without addressing whether the critic should be examining in the first place are we to believe members are prepared to be brought into the arena of surveillance perhaps re-presentation will bestow legitimacy Nonetheless , the effect is destructive to  siphon energy into academic practice, we destroy a cathexis recognition take the place of material opportunities But, will legitimation create any changes in conditions the critic is focusing on hidden texts and " rendering comprehensible" Turning covert discourses into objects of analyses risk subjecting them to the gaze of the dominant and the power relations of the academy


Question: energy into academic practice

The 1AC’s value stands on its own---responding to it with judgement and the ballot is a hollow validation that siphons off political energy and draws them into the oppressive gaze of the academy.

Dr. Kendall R. Phillips 99, Professor of Communication at Central Missouri State University, PhD in Speech Communication from Pennsylvania State University, MA in Speech Communication from Central Missouri State University, BS in Psychology and Sociology from Southwest Baptist University, “Rhetoric, Resistance, and Criticism: A Response to Sloop and Ono”, Philosophy & Rhetoric, Volume 32, Number 1, p. 96-101

concern centers around the role of the critic positioning communities as objects of investigation the critic is the active agent of change and discourse becomes instrumental Their suggestion that out-law communities need the academic critic contradicts the disruptive nature Ono fail to offer an adequate argument for " taking speaking out of the streets and studying it in the classroom treating it less as protest " and as an object for analysis within the academy without addressing whether the critic should be examining in the first place are we to believe members are prepared to be brought into the arena of surveillance perhaps re-presentation will bestow legitimacy Nonetheless , the effect is destructive to  siphon energy into academic practice, we destroy a cathexis recognition take the place of material opportunities But, will legitimation create any changes in conditions the critic is focusing on hidden texts and " rendering comprehensible" Turning covert discourses into objects of analyses risk subjecting them to the gaze of the dominant and the power relations of the academy


Question: 1ac political energy

The 1AC’s value stands on its own---responding to it with judgement and the ballot is a hollow validation that siphons off political energy and draws them into the oppressive gaze of the academy.

Dr. Kendall R. Phillips 99, Professor of Communication at Central Missouri State University, PhD in Speech Communication from Pennsylvania State University, MA in Speech Communication from Central Missouri State University, BS in Psychology and Sociology from Southwest Baptist University, “Rhetoric, Resistance, and Criticism: A Response to Sloop and Ono”, Philosophy & Rhetoric, Volume 32, Number 1, p. 96-101

concern centers around the role of the critic positioning communities as objects of investigation the critic is the active agent of change and discourse becomes instrumental Their suggestion that out-law communities need the academic critic contradicts the disruptive nature Ono fail to offer an adequate argument for " taking speaking out of the streets and studying it in the classroom treating it less as protest " and as an object for analysis within the academy without addressing whether the critic should be examining in the first place are we to believe members are prepared to be brought into the arena of surveillance perhaps re-presentation will bestow legitimacy Nonetheless , the effect is destructive to  siphon energy into academic practice, we destroy a cathexis recognition take the place of material opportunities But, will legitimation create any changes in conditions the critic is focusing on hidden texts and " rendering comprehensible" Turning covert discourses into objects of analyses risk subjecting them to the gaze of the dominant and the power relations of the academy


Question: sparks local opposition

It sparks a firestorm of local opposition.

Cohen 22 – Director of Policy, Council of State Governments. Energy and Environmental Policy Analyst. Founding Member, Transatlantic Climate Alliance.

transmission set off a firestorm of local opposition battles are being waged across the country projects spark local opposition among residents and leaders


Question: Cohen 22

It sparks a firestorm of local opposition.

Cohen 22 – Director of Policy, Council of State Governments. Energy and Environmental Policy Analyst. Founding Member, Transatlantic Climate Alliance.

transmission set off a firestorm of local opposition battles are being waged across the country projects spark local opposition among residents and leaders


Question: transmission sparks opposition

It sparks a firestorm of local opposition.

Cohen 22 – Director of Policy, Council of State Governments. Energy and Environmental Policy Analyst. Founding Member, Transatlantic Climate Alliance.

transmission set off a firestorm of local opposition battles are being waged across the country projects spark local opposition among residents and leaders


Question: local opposition

It sparks a firestorm of local opposition.

Cohen 22 – Director of Policy, Council of State Governments. Energy and Environmental Policy Analyst. Founding Member, Transatlantic Climate Alliance.

transmission set off a firestorm of local opposition battles are being waged across the country projects spark local opposition among residents and leaders


Question: transmission projects spark opposition

It sparks a firestorm of local opposition.

Cohen 22 – Director of Policy, Council of State Governments. Energy and Environmental Policy Analyst. Founding Member, Transatlantic Climate Alliance.

transmission set off a firestorm of local opposition battles are being waged across the country projects spark local opposition among residents and leaders


Question: local opposition to transmission

It sparks a firestorm of local opposition.

Cohen 22 – Director of Policy, Council of State Governments. Energy and Environmental Policy Analyst. Founding Member, Transatlantic Climate Alliance.

transmission set off a firestorm of local opposition battles are being waged across the country projects spark local opposition among residents and leaders


Question: Not even corporate cronyism

4---Not even corporate cronyism can impede plan solvency.

Chun 21, Engineer at Tapestry, a company working on integrating renewable electricity into the grid, B.A., Computer Science and Economics at Dartmouth University (Steven Chun, January 21, 2021, “Carbon Pricing and its Progressive Discontents,” https://blog.stevenchun.me/2021/01/Carbon-Pricing-and-its-Progressive-Discontents/)

price matters If don’t set it high because lobbyists had their way, you don’t see emissions reductions but studies show even lower prices have large effects . Another key is every year the price goes up , and even if you started low you eased into a price exceeding a hundred


Question: Chun 21

4---Not even corporate cronyism can impede plan solvency.

Chun 21, Engineer at Tapestry, a company working on integrating renewable electricity into the grid, B.A., Computer Science and Economics at Dartmouth University (Steven Chun, January 21, 2021, “Carbon Pricing and its Progressive Discontents,” https://blog.stevenchun.me/2021/01/Carbon-Pricing-and-its-Progressive-Discontents/)

price matters If don’t set it high because lobbyists had their way, you don’t see emissions reductions but studies show even lower prices have large effects . Another key is every year the price goes up , and even if you started low you eased into a price exceeding a hundred


Question: Tapestry engineer

4---Not even corporate cronyism can impede plan solvency.

Chun 21, Engineer at Tapestry, a company working on integrating renewable electricity into the grid, B.A., Computer Science and Economics at Dartmouth University (Steven Chun, January 21, 2021, “Carbon Pricing and its Progressive Discontents,” https://blog.stevenchun.me/2021/01/Carbon-Pricing-and-its-Progressive-Discontents/)

price matters If don’t set it high because lobbyists had their way, you don’t see emissions reductions but studies show even lower prices have large effects . Another key is every year the price goes up , and even if you started low you eased into a price exceeding a hundred


Question: Carbon pricing and progressive discontents

4---Not even corporate cronyism can impede plan solvency.

Chun 21, Engineer at Tapestry, a company working on integrating renewable electricity into the grid, B.A., Computer Science and Economics at Dartmouth University (Steven Chun, January 21, 2021, “Carbon Pricing and its Progressive Discontents,” https://blog.stevenchun.me/2021/01/Carbon-Pricing-and-its-Progressive-Discontents/)

price matters If don’t set it high because lobbyists had their way, you don’t see emissions reductions but studies show even lower prices have large effects . Another key is every year the price goes up , and even if you started low you eased into a price exceeding a hundred


Question: carbon price lobbyists

4---Not even corporate cronyism can impede plan solvency.

Chun 21, Engineer at Tapestry, a company working on integrating renewable electricity into the grid, B.A., Computer Science and Economics at Dartmouth University (Steven Chun, January 21, 2021, “Carbon Pricing and its Progressive Discontents,” https://blog.stevenchun.me/2021/01/Carbon-Pricing-and-its-Progressive-Discontents/)

price matters If don’t set it high because lobbyists had their way, you don’t see emissions reductions but studies show even lower prices have large effects . Another key is every year the price goes up , and even if you started low you eased into a price exceeding a hundred


Question: low carbon prices have large effects

4---Not even corporate cronyism can impede plan solvency.

Chun 21, Engineer at Tapestry, a company working on integrating renewable electricity into the grid, B.A., Computer Science and Economics at Dartmouth University (Steven Chun, January 21, 2021, “Carbon Pricing and its Progressive Discontents,” https://blog.stevenchun.me/2021/01/Carbon-Pricing-and-its-Progressive-Discontents/)

price matters If don’t set it high because lobbyists had their way, you don’t see emissions reductions but studies show even lower prices have large effects . Another key is every year the price goes up , and even if you started low you eased into a price exceeding a hundred


Question: Carbon price emissions reductions

4---Not even corporate cronyism can impede plan solvency.

Chun 21, Engineer at Tapestry, a company working on integrating renewable electricity into the grid, B.A., Computer Science and Economics at Dartmouth University (Steven Chun, January 21, 2021, “Carbon Pricing and its Progressive Discontents,” https://blog.stevenchun.me/2021/01/Carbon-Pricing-and-its-Progressive-Discontents/)

price matters If don’t set it high because lobbyists had their way, you don’t see emissions reductions but studies show even lower prices have large effects . Another key is every year the price goes up , and even if you started low you eased into a price exceeding a hundred


Question: Grammar superseding principle of law

Grammar is the superseding principle of law---it’s the strongest internal link to predictability.

Scalia ’12 [Antonin; Supreme Court Justice; Brian Garner; Legal Scholar and Lexicographer; 2012; Reading Law: The Interpretation of Legislative Texts; https://jm919846758.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/rlilt.pdf; DOA: 8-31-2024; Archan Sen]

Words are given the meaning that proper grammar assign them Judges presume legislators understand English Courts say grammar govern unless they contradict intent if the statement suggests grammatical usage is separate from meaning, it is quite wrong . Grammatical usage is the means by which the sense of a statute is conveyed Many high-stakes cases turn on narrow linguistic questions


Question: Scalia and Garner grammar

Grammar is the superseding principle of law---it’s the strongest internal link to predictability.

Scalia ’12 [Antonin; Supreme Court Justice; Brian Garner; Legal Scholar and Lexicographer; 2012; Reading Law: The Interpretation of Legislative Texts; https://jm919846758.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/rlilt.pdf; DOA: 8-31-2024; Archan Sen]

Words are given the meaning that proper grammar assign them Judges presume legislators understand English Courts say grammar govern unless they contradict intent if the statement suggests grammatical usage is separate from meaning, it is quite wrong . Grammatical usage is the means by which the sense of a statute is conveyed Many high-stakes cases turn on narrow linguistic questions


Question: Antonin Scalia

Grammar is the superseding principle of law---it’s the strongest internal link to predictability.

Scalia ’12 [Antonin; Supreme Court Justice; Brian Garner; Legal Scholar and Lexicographer; 2012; Reading Law: The Interpretation of Legislative Texts; https://jm919846758.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/rlilt.pdf; DOA: 8-31-2024; Archan Sen]

Words are given the meaning that proper grammar assign them Judges presume legislators understand English Courts say grammar govern unless they contradict intent if the statement suggests grammatical usage is separate from meaning, it is quite wrong . Grammatical usage is the means by which the sense of a statute is conveyed Many high-stakes cases turn on narrow linguistic questions


Question: grammar governs law

Grammar is the superseding principle of law---it’s the strongest internal link to predictability.

Scalia ’12 [Antonin; Supreme Court Justice; Brian Garner; Legal Scholar and Lexicographer; 2012; Reading Law: The Interpretation of Legislative Texts; https://jm919846758.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/rlilt.pdf; DOA: 8-31-2024; Archan Sen]

Words are given the meaning that proper grammar assign them Judges presume legislators understand English Courts say grammar govern unless they contradict intent if the statement suggests grammatical usage is separate from meaning, it is quite wrong . Grammatical usage is the means by which the sense of a statute is conveyed Many high-stakes cases turn on narrow linguistic questions


Question: Grammar strongest internal link

Grammar is the superseding principle of law---it’s the strongest internal link to predictability.

Scalia ’12 [Antonin; Supreme Court Justice; Brian Garner; Legal Scholar and Lexicographer; 2012; Reading Law: The Interpretation of Legislative Texts; https://jm919846758.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/rlilt.pdf; DOA: 8-31-2024; Archan Sen]

Words are given the meaning that proper grammar assign them Judges presume legislators understand English Courts say grammar govern unless they contradict intent if the statement suggests grammatical usage is separate from meaning, it is quite wrong . Grammatical usage is the means by which the sense of a statute is conveyed Many high-stakes cases turn on narrow linguistic questions


Question: grammar assigns meaning

Grammar is the superseding principle of law---it’s the strongest internal link to predictability.

Scalia ’12 [Antonin; Supreme Court Justice; Brian Garner; Legal Scholar and Lexicographer; 2012; Reading Law: The Interpretation of Legislative Texts; https://jm919846758.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/rlilt.pdf; DOA: 8-31-2024; Archan Sen]

Words are given the meaning that proper grammar assign them Judges presume legislators understand English Courts say grammar govern unless they contradict intent if the statement suggests grammatical usage is separate from meaning, it is quite wrong . Grammatical usage is the means by which the sense of a statute is conveyed Many high-stakes cases turn on narrow linguistic questions


Question: grammar governs unless they contradict intent

Grammar is the superseding principle of law---it’s the strongest internal link to predictability.

Scalia ’12 [Antonin; Supreme Court Justice; Brian Garner; Legal Scholar and Lexicographer; 2012; Reading Law: The Interpretation of Legislative Texts; https://jm919846758.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/rlilt.pdf; DOA: 8-31-2024; Archan Sen]

Words are given the meaning that proper grammar assign them Judges presume legislators understand English Courts say grammar govern unless they contradict intent if the statement suggests grammatical usage is separate from meaning, it is quite wrong . Grammatical usage is the means by which the sense of a statute is conveyed Many high-stakes cases turn on narrow linguistic questions


Question: Deforestation decreasing

Deforestation’s declining

Pinker 18—Johnstone Family Professor in the Department of Psychology at Harvard University [Steven, February 2018, Enlightment Now: The Case for Reason, Science, Humanism, and Progress, Chapter 10: The Environment, Viking, Accessed through the Wake Forest Library] AMarb

Though tropical forests are still being cut down, between the 20th century and 21st the rate fell by two-thirds Deforestation of the Amazon, peaked in 1995 , and from 2004 to 2013 the rate fell by four-fifths . environmental protection is spreading to the world quality of forests for a decade show an improvement.


Question: Pinker 18 deforestation

Deforestation’s declining

Pinker 18—Johnstone Family Professor in the Department of Psychology at Harvard University [Steven, February 2018, Enlightment Now: The Case for Reason, Science, Humanism, and Progress, Chapter 10: The Environment, Viking, Accessed through the Wake Forest Library] AMarb

Though tropical forests are still being cut down, between the 20th century and 21st the rate fell by two-thirds Deforestation of the Amazon, peaked in 1995 , and from 2004 to 2013 the rate fell by four-fifths . environmental protection is spreading to the world quality of forests for a decade show an improvement.


Question: Steven Pinker deforestation rate

Deforestation’s declining

Pinker 18—Johnstone Family Professor in the Department of Psychology at Harvard University [Steven, February 2018, Enlightment Now: The Case for Reason, Science, Humanism, and Progress, Chapter 10: The Environment, Viking, Accessed through the Wake Forest Library] AMarb

Though tropical forests are still being cut down, between the 20th century and 21st the rate fell by two-thirds Deforestation of the Amazon, peaked in 1995 , and from 2004 to 2013 the rate fell by four-fifths . environmental protection is spreading to the world quality of forests for a decade show an improvement.


Question: Deforestation rate fell by two-thirds

Deforestation’s declining

Pinker 18—Johnstone Family Professor in the Department of Psychology at Harvard University [Steven, February 2018, Enlightment Now: The Case for Reason, Science, Humanism, and Progress, Chapter 10: The Environment, Viking, Accessed through the Wake Forest Library] AMarb

Though tropical forests are still being cut down, between the 20th century and 21st the rate fell by two-thirds Deforestation of the Amazon, peaked in 1995 , and from 2004 to 2013 the rate fell by four-fifths . environmental protection is spreading to the world quality of forests for a decade show an improvement.


Question: Amazon deforestation peaked in 1995

Deforestation’s declining

Pinker 18—Johnstone Family Professor in the Department of Psychology at Harvard University [Steven, February 2018, Enlightment Now: The Case for Reason, Science, Humanism, and Progress, Chapter 10: The Environment, Viking, Accessed through the Wake Forest Library] AMarb

Though tropical forests are still being cut down, between the 20th century and 21st the rate fell by two-thirds Deforestation of the Amazon, peaked in 1995 , and from 2004 to 2013 the rate fell by four-fifths . environmental protection is spreading to the world quality of forests for a decade show an improvement.


Question: environmental protection is spreading

Deforestation’s declining

Pinker 18—Johnstone Family Professor in the Department of Psychology at Harvard University [Steven, February 2018, Enlightment Now: The Case for Reason, Science, Humanism, and Progress, Chapter 10: The Environment, Viking, Accessed through the Wake Forest Library] AMarb

Though tropical forests are still being cut down, between the 20th century and 21st the rate fell by two-thirds Deforestation of the Amazon, peaked in 1995 , and from 2004 to 2013 the rate fell by four-fifths . environmental protection is spreading to the world quality of forests for a decade show an improvement.


Question: quality of forests improve

Deforestation’s declining

Pinker 18—Johnstone Family Professor in the Department of Psychology at Harvard University [Steven, February 2018, Enlightment Now: The Case for Reason, Science, Humanism, and Progress, Chapter 10: The Environment, Viking, Accessed through the Wake Forest Library] AMarb

Though tropical forests are still being cut down, between the 20th century and 21st the rate fell by two-thirds Deforestation of the Amazon, peaked in 1995 , and from 2004 to 2013 the rate fell by four-fifths . environmental protection is spreading to the world quality of forests for a decade show an improvement.


Question: Clean energy classified as carbon capture

That’s how it’s classified

Light* and Skinner** 21, *Mitchell J. Blutt and Margo Krody Blutt Presidential Professor; Professor of Legal Studies & Business Ethics @ Wharton Legal Studies & Business Ethics Department. **Associate Professor of Legal Studies & Business Ethics; Co-Director: Wharton Initiative on Financial Policy and Regulation @ Wharton Legal Studies & Business Ethics Department. (Sarah E.* & Christina P.**, October, 2021, ESSAY: BANKS AND CLIMATE GOVERNANCE, 121 Colum. L. Rev. 1895, 1907-1908. Lexis accessed online via KU Libraries)

clean energy like carbon capture


Question: Light and Skinner 21

That’s how it’s classified

Light* and Skinner** 21, *Mitchell J. Blutt and Margo Krody Blutt Presidential Professor; Professor of Legal Studies & Business Ethics @ Wharton Legal Studies & Business Ethics Department. **Associate Professor of Legal Studies & Business Ethics; Co-Director: Wharton Initiative on Financial Policy and Regulation @ Wharton Legal Studies & Business Ethics Department. (Sarah E.* & Christina P.**, October, 2021, ESSAY: BANKS AND CLIMATE GOVERNANCE, 121 Colum. L. Rev. 1895, 1907-1908. Lexis accessed online via KU Libraries)

clean energy like carbon capture


Question: banks and climate governance

That’s how it’s classified

Light* and Skinner** 21, *Mitchell J. Blutt and Margo Krody Blutt Presidential Professor; Professor of Legal Studies & Business Ethics @ Wharton Legal Studies & Business Ethics Department. **Associate Professor of Legal Studies & Business Ethics; Co-Director: Wharton Initiative on Financial Policy and Regulation @ Wharton Legal Studies & Business Ethics Department. (Sarah E.* & Christina P.**, October, 2021, ESSAY: BANKS AND CLIMATE GOVERNANCE, 121 Colum. L. Rev. 1895, 1907-1908. Lexis accessed online via KU Libraries)

clean energy like carbon capture


Question: carbon capture is clean energy

That’s how it’s classified

Light* and Skinner** 21, *Mitchell J. Blutt and Margo Krody Blutt Presidential Professor; Professor of Legal Studies & Business Ethics @ Wharton Legal Studies & Business Ethics Department. **Associate Professor of Legal Studies & Business Ethics; Co-Director: Wharton Initiative on Financial Policy and Regulation @ Wharton Legal Studies & Business Ethics Department. (Sarah E.* & Christina P.**, October, 2021, ESSAY: BANKS AND CLIMATE GOVERNANCE, 121 Colum. L. Rev. 1895, 1907-1908. Lexis accessed online via KU Libraries)

clean energy like carbon capture


Question: That's how it's classified

That’s how it’s classified

Light* and Skinner** 21, *Mitchell J. Blutt and Margo Krody Blutt Presidential Professor; Professor of Legal Studies & Business Ethics @ Wharton Legal Studies & Business Ethics Department. **Associate Professor of Legal Studies & Business Ethics; Co-Director: Wharton Initiative on Financial Policy and Regulation @ Wharton Legal Studies & Business Ethics Department. (Sarah E.* & Christina P.**, October, 2021, ESSAY: BANKS AND CLIMATE GOVERNANCE, 121 Colum. L. Rev. 1895, 1907-1908. Lexis accessed online via KU Libraries)

clean energy like carbon capture


Question: clean energy like carbon capture

That’s how it’s classified

Light* and Skinner** 21, *Mitchell J. Blutt and Margo Krody Blutt Presidential Professor; Professor of Legal Studies & Business Ethics @ Wharton Legal Studies & Business Ethics Department. **Associate Professor of Legal Studies & Business Ethics; Co-Director: Wharton Initiative on Financial Policy and Regulation @ Wharton Legal Studies & Business Ethics Department. (Sarah E.* & Christina P.**, October, 2021, ESSAY: BANKS AND CLIMATE GOVERNANCE, 121 Colum. L. Rev. 1895, 1907-1908. Lexis accessed online via KU Libraries)

clean energy like carbon capture


Question: carbon capture clean energy

That’s how it’s classified

Light* and Skinner** 21, *Mitchell J. Blutt and Margo Krody Blutt Presidential Professor; Professor of Legal Studies & Business Ethics @ Wharton Legal Studies & Business Ethics Department. **Associate Professor of Legal Studies & Business Ethics; Co-Director: Wharton Initiative on Financial Policy and Regulation @ Wharton Legal Studies & Business Ethics Department. (Sarah E.* & Christina P.**, October, 2021, ESSAY: BANKS AND CLIMATE GOVERNANCE, 121 Colum. L. Rev. 1895, 1907-1908. Lexis accessed online via KU Libraries)

clean energy like carbon capture


Question: climate governance essay

That’s how it’s classified

Light* and Skinner** 21, *Mitchell J. Blutt and Margo Krody Blutt Presidential Professor; Professor of Legal Studies & Business Ethics @ Wharton Legal Studies & Business Ethics Department. **Associate Professor of Legal Studies & Business Ethics; Co-Director: Wharton Initiative on Financial Policy and Regulation @ Wharton Legal Studies & Business Ethics Department. (Sarah E.* & Christina P.**, October, 2021, ESSAY: BANKS AND CLIMATE GOVERNANCE, 121 Colum. L. Rev. 1895, 1907-1908. Lexis accessed online via KU Libraries)

clean energy like carbon capture


Question: Growth key to societal functioning

Growth is key to societal functioning. Degrowth causes elite backlash, massive inequality, decimates global quality of life and starvation kills billions.

Saul Zimet 22. Website and Data Coordinator for HumanProgress.org at the Cato Institute and a graduate student in economics at the John Jay College of Criminal Justice at the City University of New York, was a Hazlitt Fellow at the Foundation for Economic Education. “Why Economic Degrowth Is Terrible for Everyone—Especially the Poor.” 6/5/22. https://fee.org/articles/why-economic-degrowth-is-terrible-for-everyone-especially-the-poor/

improving material fortunes causes health, education life expectancies trust and standards of living over 90 percent  human population lived in extreme poverty before 1800 and less than 10 percent  It was growth not redistribution  growth rates have significant consequences for living standards zero-sum strategy destined to fail making enemies of most powerful members of society incentivized and empowered to prevent redistribution every major socialist experiment  resulted in elite control increasing supply of wealth reduces barriers to earning  will be willing to pay more for labor as economy grows, more progress can be funded which increases capabilities of vast majority of humanity strategy is far more likely to succeed in practice even a small change in growth rate means difference between starvation and survival for billions not to mention difference between humanity’s extinction and ability to fund tech progress to become sustainably multiplanetary


Question: Saul Zimet 22

Growth is key to societal functioning. Degrowth causes elite backlash, massive inequality, decimates global quality of life and starvation kills billions.

Saul Zimet 22. Website and Data Coordinator for HumanProgress.org at the Cato Institute and a graduate student in economics at the John Jay College of Criminal Justice at the City University of New York, was a Hazlitt Fellow at the Foundation for Economic Education. “Why Economic Degrowth Is Terrible for Everyone—Especially the Poor.” 6/5/22. https://fee.org/articles/why-economic-degrowth-is-terrible-for-everyone-especially-the-poor/

improving material fortunes causes health, education life expectancies trust and standards of living over 90 percent  human population lived in extreme poverty before 1800 and less than 10 percent  It was growth not redistribution  growth rates have significant consequences for living standards zero-sum strategy destined to fail making enemies of most powerful members of society incentivized and empowered to prevent redistribution every major socialist experiment  resulted in elite control increasing supply of wealth reduces barriers to earning  will be willing to pay more for labor as economy grows, more progress can be funded which increases capabilities of vast majority of humanity strategy is far more likely to succeed in practice even a small change in growth rate means difference between starvation and survival for billions not to mention difference between humanity’s extinction and ability to fund tech progress to become sustainably multiplanetary


Question: Zimet Cato Institute

Growth is key to societal functioning. Degrowth causes elite backlash, massive inequality, decimates global quality of life and starvation kills billions.

Saul Zimet 22. Website and Data Coordinator for HumanProgress.org at the Cato Institute and a graduate student in economics at the John Jay College of Criminal Justice at the City University of New York, was a Hazlitt Fellow at the Foundation for Economic Education. “Why Economic Degrowth Is Terrible for Everyone—Especially the Poor.” 6/5/22. https://fee.org/articles/why-economic-degrowth-is-terrible-for-everyone-especially-the-poor/

improving material fortunes causes health, education life expectancies trust and standards of living over 90 percent  human population lived in extreme poverty before 1800 and less than 10 percent  It was growth not redistribution  growth rates have significant consequences for living standards zero-sum strategy destined to fail making enemies of most powerful members of society incentivized and empowered to prevent redistribution every major socialist experiment  resulted in elite control increasing supply of wealth reduces barriers to earning  will be willing to pay more for labor as economy grows, more progress can be funded which increases capabilities of vast majority of humanity strategy is far more likely to succeed in practice even a small change in growth rate means difference between starvation and survival for billions not to mention difference between humanity’s extinction and ability to fund tech progress to become sustainably multiplanetary


Question: Degrowth causes elite backlash

Growth is key to societal functioning. Degrowth causes elite backlash, massive inequality, decimates global quality of life and starvation kills billions.

Saul Zimet 22. Website and Data Coordinator for HumanProgress.org at the Cato Institute and a graduate student in economics at the John Jay College of Criminal Justice at the City University of New York, was a Hazlitt Fellow at the Foundation for Economic Education. “Why Economic Degrowth Is Terrible for Everyone—Especially the Poor.” 6/5/22. https://fee.org/articles/why-economic-degrowth-is-terrible-for-everyone-especially-the-poor/

improving material fortunes causes health, education life expectancies trust and standards of living over 90 percent  human population lived in extreme poverty before 1800 and less than 10 percent  It was growth not redistribution  growth rates have significant consequences for living standards zero-sum strategy destined to fail making enemies of most powerful members of society incentivized and empowered to prevent redistribution every major socialist experiment  resulted in elite control increasing supply of wealth reduces barriers to earning  will be willing to pay more for labor as economy grows, more progress can be funded which increases capabilities of vast majority of humanity strategy is far more likely to succeed in practice even a small change in growth rate means difference between starvation and survival for billions not to mention difference between humanity’s extinction and ability to fund tech progress to become sustainably multiplanetary


Question: Degrowth decimates quality of life

Growth is key to societal functioning. Degrowth causes elite backlash, massive inequality, decimates global quality of life and starvation kills billions.

Saul Zimet 22. Website and Data Coordinator for HumanProgress.org at the Cato Institute and a graduate student in economics at the John Jay College of Criminal Justice at the City University of New York, was a Hazlitt Fellow at the Foundation for Economic Education. “Why Economic Degrowth Is Terrible for Everyone—Especially the Poor.” 6/5/22. https://fee.org/articles/why-economic-degrowth-is-terrible-for-everyone-especially-the-poor/

improving material fortunes causes health, education life expectancies trust and standards of living over 90 percent  human population lived in extreme poverty before 1800 and less than 10 percent  It was growth not redistribution  growth rates have significant consequences for living standards zero-sum strategy destined to fail making enemies of most powerful members of society incentivized and empowered to prevent redistribution every major socialist experiment  resulted in elite control increasing supply of wealth reduces barriers to earning  will be willing to pay more for labor as economy grows, more progress can be funded which increases capabilities of vast majority of humanity strategy is far more likely to succeed in practice even a small change in growth rate means difference between starvation and survival for billions not to mention difference between humanity’s extinction and ability to fund tech progress to become sustainably multiplanetary


Question: Economic degrowth terrible

Growth is key to societal functioning. Degrowth causes elite backlash, massive inequality, decimates global quality of life and starvation kills billions.

Saul Zimet 22. Website and Data Coordinator for HumanProgress.org at the Cato Institute and a graduate student in economics at the John Jay College of Criminal Justice at the City University of New York, was a Hazlitt Fellow at the Foundation for Economic Education. “Why Economic Degrowth Is Terrible for Everyone—Especially the Poor.” 6/5/22. https://fee.org/articles/why-economic-degrowth-is-terrible-for-everyone-especially-the-poor/

improving material fortunes causes health, education life expectancies trust and standards of living over 90 percent  human population lived in extreme poverty before 1800 and less than 10 percent  It was growth not redistribution  growth rates have significant consequences for living standards zero-sum strategy destined to fail making enemies of most powerful members of society incentivized and empowered to prevent redistribution every major socialist experiment  resulted in elite control increasing supply of wealth reduces barriers to earning  will be willing to pay more for labor as economy grows, more progress can be funded which increases capabilities of vast majority of humanity strategy is far more likely to succeed in practice even a small change in growth rate means difference between starvation and survival for billions not to mention difference between humanity’s extinction and ability to fund tech progress to become sustainably multiplanetary


Question: growth is key to societal functioning

Growth is key to societal functioning. Degrowth causes elite backlash, massive inequality, decimates global quality of life and starvation kills billions.

Saul Zimet 22. Website and Data Coordinator for HumanProgress.org at the Cato Institute and a graduate student in economics at the John Jay College of Criminal Justice at the City University of New York, was a Hazlitt Fellow at the Foundation for Economic Education. “Why Economic Degrowth Is Terrible for Everyone—Especially the Poor.” 6/5/22. https://fee.org/articles/why-economic-degrowth-is-terrible-for-everyone-especially-the-poor/

improving material fortunes causes health, education life expectancies trust and standards of living over 90 percent  human population lived in extreme poverty before 1800 and less than 10 percent  It was growth not redistribution  growth rates have significant consequences for living standards zero-sum strategy destined to fail making enemies of most powerful members of society incentivized and empowered to prevent redistribution every major socialist experiment  resulted in elite control increasing supply of wealth reduces barriers to earning  will be willing to pay more for labor as economy grows, more progress can be funded which increases capabilities of vast majority of humanity strategy is far more likely to succeed in practice even a small change in growth rate means difference between starvation and survival for billions not to mention difference between humanity’s extinction and ability to fund tech progress to become sustainably multiplanetary


Question: Growth not redistribution

Growth is key to societal functioning. Degrowth causes elite backlash, massive inequality, decimates global quality of life and starvation kills billions.

Saul Zimet 22. Website and Data Coordinator for HumanProgress.org at the Cato Institute and a graduate student in economics at the John Jay College of Criminal Justice at the City University of New York, was a Hazlitt Fellow at the Foundation for Economic Education. “Why Economic Degrowth Is Terrible for Everyone—Especially the Poor.” 6/5/22. https://fee.org/articles/why-economic-degrowth-is-terrible-for-everyone-especially-the-poor/

improving material fortunes causes health, education life expectancies trust and standards of living over 90 percent  human population lived in extreme poverty before 1800 and less than 10 percent  It was growth not redistribution  growth rates have significant consequences for living standards zero-sum strategy destined to fail making enemies of most powerful members of society incentivized and empowered to prevent redistribution every major socialist experiment  resulted in elite control increasing supply of wealth reduces barriers to earning  will be willing to pay more for labor as economy grows, more progress can be funded which increases capabilities of vast majority of humanity strategy is far more likely to succeed in practice even a small change in growth rate means difference between starvation and survival for billions not to mention difference between humanity’s extinction and ability to fund tech progress to become sustainably multiplanetary


Question: Trump re-election causes extinction

Trump re-election causes extinction---great-power-wars, U.S. belligerency, AND trade collapse.

Feaver 24, PhD, Professor of Political Science. (Peter, 2-19-2024, “The Real Challenge of Trump 2.0,” Foreign Affairs, https://www.foreignaffairs.com/united-states/real-challenge-trump-20)

Trump 2.0 far less likely to restrain impulses changes in the geopolitical environment Trump acting in a far more disordered world major hot wars eastern Europe Mid East growing risk conflict across Taiwan Strait and S C S escalating tensions with Iran and No Ko other crises unruly world demands leadership Trump shred international trade pair retreat with dramatic military action conduct strikes against Iran result in geopolitical instability and a power vacuum


Question: Feaver 24

Trump re-election causes extinction---great-power-wars, U.S. belligerency, AND trade collapse.

Feaver 24, PhD, Professor of Political Science. (Peter, 2-19-2024, “The Real Challenge of Trump 2.0,” Foreign Affairs, https://www.foreignaffairs.com/united-states/real-challenge-trump-20)

Trump 2.0 far less likely to restrain impulses changes in the geopolitical environment Trump acting in a far more disordered world major hot wars eastern Europe Mid East growing risk conflict across Taiwan Strait and S C S escalating tensions with Iran and No Ko other crises unruly world demands leadership Trump shred international trade pair retreat with dramatic military action conduct strikes against Iran result in geopolitical instability and a power vacuum


Question: Trump 2.0 geopolitical instability

Trump re-election causes extinction---great-power-wars, U.S. belligerency, AND trade collapse.

Feaver 24, PhD, Professor of Political Science. (Peter, 2-19-2024, “The Real Challenge of Trump 2.0,” Foreign Affairs, https://www.foreignaffairs.com/united-states/real-challenge-trump-20)

Trump 2.0 far less likely to restrain impulses changes in the geopolitical environment Trump acting in a far more disordered world major hot wars eastern Europe Mid East growing risk conflict across Taiwan Strait and S C S escalating tensions with Iran and No Ko other crises unruly world demands leadership Trump shred international trade pair retreat with dramatic military action conduct strikes against Iran result in geopolitical instability and a power vacuum


Question: Trump re-election war

Trump re-election causes extinction---great-power-wars, U.S. belligerency, AND trade collapse.

Feaver 24, PhD, Professor of Political Science. (Peter, 2-19-2024, “The Real Challenge of Trump 2.0,” Foreign Affairs, https://www.foreignaffairs.com/united-states/real-challenge-trump-20)

Trump 2.0 far less likely to restrain impulses changes in the geopolitical environment Trump acting in a far more disordered world major hot wars eastern Europe Mid East growing risk conflict across Taiwan Strait and S C S escalating tensions with Iran and No Ko other crises unruly world demands leadership Trump shred international trade pair retreat with dramatic military action conduct strikes against Iran result in geopolitical instability and a power vacuum


Question: Trump trade collapse

Trump re-election causes extinction---great-power-wars, U.S. belligerency, AND trade collapse.

Feaver 24, PhD, Professor of Political Science. (Peter, 2-19-2024, “The Real Challenge of Trump 2.0,” Foreign Affairs, https://www.foreignaffairs.com/united-states/real-challenge-trump-20)

Trump 2.0 far less likely to restrain impulses changes in the geopolitical environment Trump acting in a far more disordered world major hot wars eastern Europe Mid East growing risk conflict across Taiwan Strait and S C S escalating tensions with Iran and No Ko other crises unruly world demands leadership Trump shred international trade pair retreat with dramatic military action conduct strikes against Iran result in geopolitical instability and a power vacuum


Question: Trump power vacuum

Trump re-election causes extinction---great-power-wars, U.S. belligerency, AND trade collapse.

Feaver 24, PhD, Professor of Political Science. (Peter, 2-19-2024, “The Real Challenge of Trump 2.0,” Foreign Affairs, https://www.foreignaffairs.com/united-states/real-challenge-trump-20)

Trump 2.0 far less likely to restrain impulses changes in the geopolitical environment Trump acting in a far more disordered world major hot wars eastern Europe Mid East growing risk conflict across Taiwan Strait and S C S escalating tensions with Iran and No Ko other crises unruly world demands leadership Trump shred international trade pair retreat with dramatic military action conduct strikes against Iran result in geopolitical instability and a power vacuum


Question: Trump military action

Trump re-election causes extinction---great-power-wars, U.S. belligerency, AND trade collapse.

Feaver 24, PhD, Professor of Political Science. (Peter, 2-19-2024, “The Real Challenge of Trump 2.0,” Foreign Affairs, https://www.foreignaffairs.com/united-states/real-challenge-trump-20)

Trump 2.0 far less likely to restrain impulses changes in the geopolitical environment Trump acting in a far more disordered world major hot wars eastern Europe Mid East growing risk conflict across Taiwan Strait and S C S escalating tensions with Iran and No Ko other crises unruly world demands leadership Trump shred international trade pair retreat with dramatic military action conduct strikes against Iran result in geopolitical instability and a power vacuum


Question: Trump Iran

Trump re-election causes extinction---great-power-wars, U.S. belligerency, AND trade collapse.

Feaver 24, PhD, Professor of Political Science. (Peter, 2-19-2024, “The Real Challenge of Trump 2.0,” Foreign Affairs, https://www.foreignaffairs.com/united-states/real-challenge-trump-20)

Trump 2.0 far less likely to restrain impulses changes in the geopolitical environment Trump acting in a far more disordered world major hot wars eastern Europe Mid East growing risk conflict across Taiwan Strait and S C S escalating tensions with Iran and No Ko other crises unruly world demands leadership Trump shred international trade pair retreat with dramatic military action conduct strikes against Iran result in geopolitical instability and a power vacuum


Question: strategies are mutually reinforcing

the strategies are mutually reinforcing

Komanoff 16 (Charles, longtime environmental activist and expert on nuclear power economics, directs the Carbon Tax Center, ““Keep It In The Ground” Needs a Carbon Tax,” 12/6/16, https://www.carbontax.org/blog/2016/12/06/keep-it-in-the-ground-needs-a-carbon-tax/)

the fracturing of the climate movement that contributed to the defeat of the carbon tax referendum is distressing even a modest tax has a noticeable impact Keep It In The Ground needs to embrace carbon taxes as a central demand we can and should debate details of carbon tax design revenue treatment There aren’t times” left We need to bring our movements together


Question: Komanoff 16

the strategies are mutually reinforcing

Komanoff 16 (Charles, longtime environmental activist and expert on nuclear power economics, directs the Carbon Tax Center, ““Keep It In The Ground” Needs a Carbon Tax,” 12/6/16, https://www.carbontax.org/blog/2016/12/06/keep-it-in-the-ground-needs-a-carbon-tax/)

the fracturing of the climate movement that contributed to the defeat of the carbon tax referendum is distressing even a modest tax has a noticeable impact Keep It In The Ground needs to embrace carbon taxes as a central demand we can and should debate details of carbon tax design revenue treatment There aren’t times” left We need to bring our movements together


Question: carbon tax referendum

the strategies are mutually reinforcing

Komanoff 16 (Charles, longtime environmental activist and expert on nuclear power economics, directs the Carbon Tax Center, ““Keep It In The Ground” Needs a Carbon Tax,” 12/6/16, https://www.carbontax.org/blog/2016/12/06/keep-it-in-the-ground-needs-a-carbon-tax/)

the fracturing of the climate movement that contributed to the defeat of the carbon tax referendum is distressing even a modest tax has a noticeable impact Keep It In The Ground needs to embrace carbon taxes as a central demand we can and should debate details of carbon tax design revenue treatment There aren’t times” left We need to bring our movements together


Question: climate movement fracturing

the strategies are mutually reinforcing

Komanoff 16 (Charles, longtime environmental activist and expert on nuclear power economics, directs the Carbon Tax Center, ““Keep It In The Ground” Needs a Carbon Tax,” 12/6/16, https://www.carbontax.org/blog/2016/12/06/keep-it-in-the-ground-needs-a-carbon-tax/)

the fracturing of the climate movement that contributed to the defeat of the carbon tax referendum is distressing even a modest tax has a noticeable impact Keep It In The Ground needs to embrace carbon taxes as a central demand we can and should debate details of carbon tax design revenue treatment There aren’t times” left We need to bring our movements together


Question: Keep It In The Ground

the strategies are mutually reinforcing

Komanoff 16 (Charles, longtime environmental activist and expert on nuclear power economics, directs the Carbon Tax Center, ““Keep It In The Ground” Needs a Carbon Tax,” 12/6/16, https://www.carbontax.org/blog/2016/12/06/keep-it-in-the-ground-needs-a-carbon-tax/)

the fracturing of the climate movement that contributed to the defeat of the carbon tax referendum is distressing even a modest tax has a noticeable impact Keep It In The Ground needs to embrace carbon taxes as a central demand we can and should debate details of carbon tax design revenue treatment There aren’t times” left We need to bring our movements together


Question: carbon tax central demand

the strategies are mutually reinforcing

Komanoff 16 (Charles, longtime environmental activist and expert on nuclear power economics, directs the Carbon Tax Center, ““Keep It In The Ground” Needs a Carbon Tax,” 12/6/16, https://www.carbontax.org/blog/2016/12/06/keep-it-in-the-ground-needs-a-carbon-tax/)

the fracturing of the climate movement that contributed to the defeat of the carbon tax referendum is distressing even a modest tax has a noticeable impact Keep It In The Ground needs to embrace carbon taxes as a central demand we can and should debate details of carbon tax design revenue treatment There aren’t times” left We need to bring our movements together


Question: Sidelining hunger is colonial scholarship

Sidelining the impact of hunger and resource deprivation is colonial scholarship that we must reject.

Meekosha 11 (Helen, School of Social Sciences and International Relations, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia “Decolonising disability: thinking and acting globally” Disability & Society, 26:6, 667-682)

to situate disability in a global context a fundamental change contemporary disability studies  constitutes scholarly colonialism , and needs to be re-thought taking account of the 400 million disabled people in the global South Impaired people are ‘produced’ in violence and war that is provoked by the North , in the struggle over economic resources impairments as a result of war calls for a global perspective by disability scholars that incorporates the role of the global North making alliances for an end to global violence U S largest economy in history every person , animal , or anything that causes emissions could vanish or even die and emissions will still explode over population and economic growth of China , India , and Africa emissions from the 7.8 billion will rise degrowth impossible in the real world that leaders would persuade those in poverty to remain or convince vast majority to permanently reduce incomes would be political death To believe otherwise would be messianic faith in supernatural persuasion if Jesus could not convince everyone give up their possessions it is unlikely degrowthers will It is a contortion of reason to argue a carbon tax is infeasible but deliberate recession is not Some say we must reduce consumption! Wishful thinking will not get us out this mess 3 billion have meager electricity . They will burn oil gas , dung , or anything they can get their hands on , to produce energy Energy demand will double this century energy is only viable option for replacing fossil fuels anti-cap revolution no party has slightest chance of power could only be by a global dictator that is unrealistic Suppose growth did cease emissions would fall only 40 percent would not solve climate to achieve zero eliminate all energy But it would require reversal of all welfare devastating well-being and political stability preindustrial world was Undernourishment and starvation Over centuries , the population in destitution fell to 10 percent radical alternative is dystopian solution come only from tech that eliminates g h g s top-down control will never know what is in everybody’s head markets adjust incentives Russia turned out a more predatory state On the way millions were killed must do our best with greed the perfect eco human is a delusion


Question: Meekosha 11

Sidelining the impact of hunger and resource deprivation is colonial scholarship that we must reject.

Meekosha 11 (Helen, School of Social Sciences and International Relations, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia “Decolonising disability: thinking and acting globally” Disability & Society, 26:6, 667-682)

to situate disability in a global context a fundamental change contemporary disability studies  constitutes scholarly colonialism , and needs to be re-thought taking account of the 400 million disabled people in the global South Impaired people are ‘produced’ in violence and war that is provoked by the North , in the struggle over economic resources impairments as a result of war calls for a global perspective by disability scholars that incorporates the role of the global North making alliances for an end to global violence U S largest economy in history every person , animal , or anything that causes emissions could vanish or even die and emissions will still explode over population and economic growth of China , India , and Africa emissions from the 7.8 billion will rise degrowth impossible in the real world that leaders would persuade those in poverty to remain or convince vast majority to permanently reduce incomes would be political death To believe otherwise would be messianic faith in supernatural persuasion if Jesus could not convince everyone give up their possessions it is unlikely degrowthers will It is a contortion of reason to argue a carbon tax is infeasible but deliberate recession is not Some say we must reduce consumption! Wishful thinking will not get us out this mess 3 billion have meager electricity . They will burn oil gas , dung , or anything they can get their hands on , to produce energy Energy demand will double this century energy is only viable option for replacing fossil fuels anti-cap revolution no party has slightest chance of power could only be by a global dictator that is unrealistic Suppose growth did cease emissions would fall only 40 percent would not solve climate to achieve zero eliminate all energy But it would require reversal of all welfare devastating well-being and political stability preindustrial world was Undernourishment and starvation Over centuries , the population in destitution fell to 10 percent radical alternative is dystopian solution come only from tech that eliminates g h g s top-down control will never know what is in everybody’s head markets adjust incentives Russia turned out a more predatory state On the way millions were killed must do our best with greed the perfect eco human is a delusion


Question: Helen Meekosha

Sidelining the impact of hunger and resource deprivation is colonial scholarship that we must reject.

Meekosha 11 (Helen, School of Social Sciences and International Relations, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia “Decolonising disability: thinking and acting globally” Disability & Society, 26:6, 667-682)

to situate disability in a global context a fundamental change contemporary disability studies  constitutes scholarly colonialism , and needs to be re-thought taking account of the 400 million disabled people in the global South Impaired people are ‘produced’ in violence and war that is provoked by the North , in the struggle over economic resources impairments as a result of war calls for a global perspective by disability scholars that incorporates the role of the global North making alliances for an end to global violence U S largest economy in history every person , animal , or anything that causes emissions could vanish or even die and emissions will still explode over population and economic growth of China , India , and Africa emissions from the 7.8 billion will rise degrowth impossible in the real world that leaders would persuade those in poverty to remain or convince vast majority to permanently reduce incomes would be political death To believe otherwise would be messianic faith in supernatural persuasion if Jesus could not convince everyone give up their possessions it is unlikely degrowthers will It is a contortion of reason to argue a carbon tax is infeasible but deliberate recession is not Some say we must reduce consumption! Wishful thinking will not get us out this mess 3 billion have meager electricity . They will burn oil gas , dung , or anything they can get their hands on , to produce energy Energy demand will double this century energy is only viable option for replacing fossil fuels anti-cap revolution no party has slightest chance of power could only be by a global dictator that is unrealistic Suppose growth did cease emissions would fall only 40 percent would not solve climate to achieve zero eliminate all energy But it would require reversal of all welfare devastating well-being and political stability preindustrial world was Undernourishment and starvation Over centuries , the population in destitution fell to 10 percent radical alternative is dystopian solution come only from tech that eliminates g h g s top-down control will never know what is in everybody’s head markets adjust incentives Russia turned out a more predatory state On the way millions were killed must do our best with greed the perfect eco human is a delusion


Question: resource deprivation colonial scholarship

Sidelining the impact of hunger and resource deprivation is colonial scholarship that we must reject.

Meekosha 11 (Helen, School of Social Sciences and International Relations, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia “Decolonising disability: thinking and acting globally” Disability & Society, 26:6, 667-682)

to situate disability in a global context a fundamental change contemporary disability studies  constitutes scholarly colonialism , and needs to be re-thought taking account of the 400 million disabled people in the global South Impaired people are ‘produced’ in violence and war that is provoked by the North , in the struggle over economic resources impairments as a result of war calls for a global perspective by disability scholars that incorporates the role of the global North making alliances for an end to global violence U S largest economy in history every person , animal , or anything that causes emissions could vanish or even die and emissions will still explode over population and economic growth of China , India , and Africa emissions from the 7.8 billion will rise degrowth impossible in the real world that leaders would persuade those in poverty to remain or convince vast majority to permanently reduce incomes would be political death To believe otherwise would be messianic faith in supernatural persuasion if Jesus could not convince everyone give up their possessions it is unlikely degrowthers will It is a contortion of reason to argue a carbon tax is infeasible but deliberate recession is not Some say we must reduce consumption! Wishful thinking will not get us out this mess 3 billion have meager electricity . They will burn oil gas , dung , or anything they can get their hands on , to produce energy Energy demand will double this century energy is only viable option for replacing fossil fuels anti-cap revolution no party has slightest chance of power could only be by a global dictator that is unrealistic Suppose growth did cease emissions would fall only 40 percent would not solve climate to achieve zero eliminate all energy But it would require reversal of all welfare devastating well-being and political stability preindustrial world was Undernourishment and starvation Over centuries , the population in destitution fell to 10 percent radical alternative is dystopian solution come only from tech that eliminates g h g s top-down control will never know what is in everybody’s head markets adjust incentives Russia turned out a more predatory state On the way millions were killed must do our best with greed the perfect eco human is a delusion


Question: disability studies colonialism

Sidelining the impact of hunger and resource deprivation is colonial scholarship that we must reject.

Meekosha 11 (Helen, School of Social Sciences and International Relations, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia “Decolonising disability: thinking and acting globally” Disability & Society, 26:6, 667-682)

to situate disability in a global context a fundamental change contemporary disability studies  constitutes scholarly colonialism , and needs to be re-thought taking account of the 400 million disabled people in the global South Impaired people are ‘produced’ in violence and war that is provoked by the North , in the struggle over economic resources impairments as a result of war calls for a global perspective by disability scholars that incorporates the role of the global North making alliances for an end to global violence U S largest economy in history every person , animal , or anything that causes emissions could vanish or even die and emissions will still explode over population and economic growth of China , India , and Africa emissions from the 7.8 billion will rise degrowth impossible in the real world that leaders would persuade those in poverty to remain or convince vast majority to permanently reduce incomes would be political death To believe otherwise would be messianic faith in supernatural persuasion if Jesus could not convince everyone give up their possessions it is unlikely degrowthers will It is a contortion of reason to argue a carbon tax is infeasible but deliberate recession is not Some say we must reduce consumption! Wishful thinking will not get us out this mess 3 billion have meager electricity . They will burn oil gas , dung , or anything they can get their hands on , to produce energy Energy demand will double this century energy is only viable option for replacing fossil fuels anti-cap revolution no party has slightest chance of power could only be by a global dictator that is unrealistic Suppose growth did cease emissions would fall only 40 percent would not solve climate to achieve zero eliminate all energy But it would require reversal of all welfare devastating well-being and political stability preindustrial world was Undernourishment and starvation Over centuries , the population in destitution fell to 10 percent radical alternative is dystopian solution come only from tech that eliminates g h g s top-down control will never know what is in everybody’s head markets adjust incentives Russia turned out a more predatory state On the way millions were killed must do our best with greed the perfect eco human is a delusion


Question: economic resources impairments

Sidelining the impact of hunger and resource deprivation is colonial scholarship that we must reject.

Meekosha 11 (Helen, School of Social Sciences and International Relations, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia “Decolonising disability: thinking and acting globally” Disability & Society, 26:6, 667-682)

to situate disability in a global context a fundamental change contemporary disability studies  constitutes scholarly colonialism , and needs to be re-thought taking account of the 400 million disabled people in the global South Impaired people are ‘produced’ in violence and war that is provoked by the North , in the struggle over economic resources impairments as a result of war calls for a global perspective by disability scholars that incorporates the role of the global North making alliances for an end to global violence U S largest economy in history every person , animal , or anything that causes emissions could vanish or even die and emissions will still explode over population and economic growth of China , India , and Africa emissions from the 7.8 billion will rise degrowth impossible in the real world that leaders would persuade those in poverty to remain or convince vast majority to permanently reduce incomes would be political death To believe otherwise would be messianic faith in supernatural persuasion if Jesus could not convince everyone give up their possessions it is unlikely degrowthers will It is a contortion of reason to argue a carbon tax is infeasible but deliberate recession is not Some say we must reduce consumption! Wishful thinking will not get us out this mess 3 billion have meager electricity . They will burn oil gas , dung , or anything they can get their hands on , to produce energy Energy demand will double this century energy is only viable option for replacing fossil fuels anti-cap revolution no party has slightest chance of power could only be by a global dictator that is unrealistic Suppose growth did cease emissions would fall only 40 percent would not solve climate to achieve zero eliminate all energy But it would require reversal of all welfare devastating well-being and political stability preindustrial world was Undernourishment and starvation Over centuries , the population in destitution fell to 10 percent radical alternative is dystopian solution come only from tech that eliminates g h g s top-down control will never know what is in everybody’s head markets adjust incentives Russia turned out a more predatory state On the way millions were killed must do our best with greed the perfect eco human is a delusion


Question: degrowth impossible in the real world

Sidelining the impact of hunger and resource deprivation is colonial scholarship that we must reject.

Meekosha 11 (Helen, School of Social Sciences and International Relations, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia “Decolonising disability: thinking and acting globally” Disability & Society, 26:6, 667-682)

to situate disability in a global context a fundamental change contemporary disability studies  constitutes scholarly colonialism , and needs to be re-thought taking account of the 400 million disabled people in the global South Impaired people are ‘produced’ in violence and war that is provoked by the North , in the struggle over economic resources impairments as a result of war calls for a global perspective by disability scholars that incorporates the role of the global North making alliances for an end to global violence U S largest economy in history every person , animal , or anything that causes emissions could vanish or even die and emissions will still explode over population and economic growth of China , India , and Africa emissions from the 7.8 billion will rise degrowth impossible in the real world that leaders would persuade those in poverty to remain or convince vast majority to permanently reduce incomes would be political death To believe otherwise would be messianic faith in supernatural persuasion if Jesus could not convince everyone give up their possessions it is unlikely degrowthers will It is a contortion of reason to argue a carbon tax is infeasible but deliberate recession is not Some say we must reduce consumption! Wishful thinking will not get us out this mess 3 billion have meager electricity . They will burn oil gas , dung , or anything they can get their hands on , to produce energy Energy demand will double this century energy is only viable option for replacing fossil fuels anti-cap revolution no party has slightest chance of power could only be by a global dictator that is unrealistic Suppose growth did cease emissions would fall only 40 percent would not solve climate to achieve zero eliminate all energy But it would require reversal of all welfare devastating well-being and political stability preindustrial world was Undernourishment and starvation Over centuries , the population in destitution fell to 10 percent radical alternative is dystopian solution come only from tech that eliminates g h g s top-down control will never know what is in everybody’s head markets adjust incentives Russia turned out a more predatory state On the way millions were killed must do our best with greed the perfect eco human is a delusion


Question: over population and economic growth

Sidelining the impact of hunger and resource deprivation is colonial scholarship that we must reject.

Meekosha 11 (Helen, School of Social Sciences and International Relations, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia “Decolonising disability: thinking and acting globally” Disability & Society, 26:6, 667-682)

to situate disability in a global context a fundamental change contemporary disability studies  constitutes scholarly colonialism , and needs to be re-thought taking account of the 400 million disabled people in the global South Impaired people are ‘produced’ in violence and war that is provoked by the North , in the struggle over economic resources impairments as a result of war calls for a global perspective by disability scholars that incorporates the role of the global North making alliances for an end to global violence U S largest economy in history every person , animal , or anything that causes emissions could vanish or even die and emissions will still explode over population and economic growth of China , India , and Africa emissions from the 7.8 billion will rise degrowth impossible in the real world that leaders would persuade those in poverty to remain or convince vast majority to permanently reduce incomes would be political death To believe otherwise would be messianic faith in supernatural persuasion if Jesus could not convince everyone give up their possessions it is unlikely degrowthers will It is a contortion of reason to argue a carbon tax is infeasible but deliberate recession is not Some say we must reduce consumption! Wishful thinking will not get us out this mess 3 billion have meager electricity . They will burn oil gas , dung , or anything they can get their hands on , to produce energy Energy demand will double this century energy is only viable option for replacing fossil fuels anti-cap revolution no party has slightest chance of power could only be by a global dictator that is unrealistic Suppose growth did cease emissions would fall only 40 percent would not solve climate to achieve zero eliminate all energy But it would require reversal of all welfare devastating well-being and political stability preindustrial world was Undernourishment and starvation Over centuries , the population in destitution fell to 10 percent radical alternative is dystopian solution come only from tech that eliminates g h g s top-down control will never know what is in everybody’s head markets adjust incentives Russia turned out a more predatory state On the way millions were killed must do our best with greed the perfect eco human is a delusion


Question: illegal lithium battery recycling

Turn – The plan creates an illegal market for lithium battery recycling that supercharges the risk of mishandling and exploits emerging markets AND local communities

Wojciech Mrozik, Professor, School of Engineering @ Newcastle University et al. Mohammad Ali Rajaeifar, Oliver Heidrich and Paul Christensen. 13th October 2021. “Environmental impacts, pollution sources and pathways of spent lithium-ion batteries.” Energy Environ. Sci., 2021, 14, 6099-6121. DOI: 10.1039/D1EE00691F.

Wherever there is a potential of making profit there are attempts to bypass official routes As recycling will be profitable there is a big chance that illegal processing will occur as it happened for waste electronic equipment The dumpsites will be located in very random places that will result in severe pollution, unexpected fires and huge additional costs to local residents the burden of illegal processing will be mostly put on emerging economies due to the high costs of labour , and strict environmental laws in developed countries A good example of this exploitation is the export of e-waste facilitated by developed nations to poor and developing ones there is no guarantee that LIBs will be recycled or processed in regulated, safe and environmentally friendly ways


Question: Mrozik et al 2021

Turn – The plan creates an illegal market for lithium battery recycling that supercharges the risk of mishandling and exploits emerging markets AND local communities

Wojciech Mrozik, Professor, School of Engineering @ Newcastle University et al. Mohammad Ali Rajaeifar, Oliver Heidrich and Paul Christensen. 13th October 2021. “Environmental impacts, pollution sources and pathways of spent lithium-ion batteries.” Energy Environ. Sci., 2021, 14, 6099-6121. DOI: 10.1039/D1EE00691F.

Wherever there is a potential of making profit there are attempts to bypass official routes As recycling will be profitable there is a big chance that illegal processing will occur as it happened for waste electronic equipment The dumpsites will be located in very random places that will result in severe pollution, unexpected fires and huge additional costs to local residents the burden of illegal processing will be mostly put on emerging economies due to the high costs of labour , and strict environmental laws in developed countries A good example of this exploitation is the export of e-waste facilitated by developed nations to poor and developing ones there is no guarantee that LIBs will be recycled or processed in regulated, safe and environmentally friendly ways