Question: Gordon 21

Slavery doesn’t structure the social. Social death is wrong and antiblackness is contingent.

Gordon 21 – Philosopher of Africana philosophy and Black existentialism and Professor, UConn

“ an antiblack world” is not “ the world is antiblack.” The latter is an antiblack racist project It is not the historical achievement Its limitations  emerge from a basic fact Black people fought and continue to fight The same applies to social death Such an achievement  would have rendered even those authors’ reflections stillborn The basic premises are perf con s They fail moment they are articulated INFILTRATE INSTITUTIONS It is erroneous to think one can isolate oneself from political system It is a grave error to reject opportunities to join government change can be effectuated within obtain invaluable know-how struggle requires tactics oppression perfected infiltration for undermining the oppressed the structure keeps itself informed to freedom fighters. With extermination looming before Black Americans, it is imperative people enter the establishment .


Question: Social death antiblackness contingent

Slavery doesn’t structure the social. Social death is wrong and antiblackness is contingent.

Gordon 21 – Philosopher of Africana philosophy and Black existentialism and Professor, UConn

“ an antiblack world” is not “ the world is antiblack.” The latter is an antiblack racist project It is not the historical achievement Its limitations  emerge from a basic fact Black people fought and continue to fight The same applies to social death Such an achievement  would have rendered even those authors’ reflections stillborn The basic premises are perf con s They fail moment they are articulated INFILTRATE INSTITUTIONS It is erroneous to think one can isolate oneself from political system It is a grave error to reject opportunities to join government change can be effectuated within obtain invaluable know-how struggle requires tactics oppression perfected infiltration for undermining the oppressed the structure keeps itself informed to freedom fighters. With extermination looming before Black Americans, it is imperative people enter the establishment .


Question: Black people fought and continue to fight

Slavery doesn’t structure the social. Social death is wrong and antiblackness is contingent.

Gordon 21 – Philosopher of Africana philosophy and Black existentialism and Professor, UConn

“ an antiblack world” is not “ the world is antiblack.” The latter is an antiblack racist project It is not the historical achievement Its limitations  emerge from a basic fact Black people fought and continue to fight The same applies to social death Such an achievement  would have rendered even those authors’ reflections stillborn The basic premises are perf con s They fail moment they are articulated INFILTRATE INSTITUTIONS It is erroneous to think one can isolate oneself from political system It is a grave error to reject opportunities to join government change can be effectuated within obtain invaluable know-how struggle requires tactics oppression perfected infiltration for undermining the oppressed the structure keeps itself informed to freedom fighters. With extermination looming before Black Americans, it is imperative people enter the establishment .


Question: Anti-blackness not totalizing

Slavery doesn’t structure the social. Social death is wrong and antiblackness is contingent.

Gordon 21 – Philosopher of Africana philosophy and Black existentialism and Professor, UConn

“ an antiblack world” is not “ the world is antiblack.” The latter is an antiblack racist project It is not the historical achievement Its limitations  emerge from a basic fact Black people fought and continue to fight The same applies to social death Such an achievement  would have rendered even those authors’ reflections stillborn The basic premises are perf con s They fail moment they are articulated INFILTRATE INSTITUTIONS It is erroneous to think one can isolate oneself from political system It is a grave error to reject opportunities to join government change can be effectuated within obtain invaluable know-how struggle requires tactics oppression perfected infiltration for undermining the oppressed the structure keeps itself informed to freedom fighters. With extermination looming before Black Americans, it is imperative people enter the establishment .


Question: Infiltrate institutions

Slavery doesn’t structure the social. Social death is wrong and antiblackness is contingent.

Gordon 21 – Philosopher of Africana philosophy and Black existentialism and Professor, UConn

“ an antiblack world” is not “ the world is antiblack.” The latter is an antiblack racist project It is not the historical achievement Its limitations  emerge from a basic fact Black people fought and continue to fight The same applies to social death Such an achievement  would have rendered even those authors’ reflections stillborn The basic premises are perf con s They fail moment they are articulated INFILTRATE INSTITUTIONS It is erroneous to think one can isolate oneself from political system It is a grave error to reject opportunities to join government change can be effectuated within obtain invaluable know-how struggle requires tactics oppression perfected infiltration for undermining the oppressed the structure keeps itself informed to freedom fighters. With extermination looming before Black Americans, it is imperative people enter the establishment .


Question: Social death wrong

Slavery doesn’t structure the social. Social death is wrong and antiblackness is contingent.

Gordon 21 – Philosopher of Africana philosophy and Black existentialism and Professor, UConn

“ an antiblack world” is not “ the world is antiblack.” The latter is an antiblack racist project It is not the historical achievement Its limitations  emerge from a basic fact Black people fought and continue to fight The same applies to social death Such an achievement  would have rendered even those authors’ reflections stillborn The basic premises are perf con s They fail moment they are articulated INFILTRATE INSTITUTIONS It is erroneous to think one can isolate oneself from political system It is a grave error to reject opportunities to join government change can be effectuated within obtain invaluable know-how struggle requires tactics oppression perfected infiltration for undermining the oppressed the structure keeps itself informed to freedom fighters. With extermination looming before Black Americans, it is imperative people enter the establishment .


Question: Gordon UConn

Slavery doesn’t structure the social. Social death is wrong and antiblackness is contingent.

Gordon 21 – Philosopher of Africana philosophy and Black existentialism and Professor, UConn

“ an antiblack world” is not “ the world is antiblack.” The latter is an antiblack racist project It is not the historical achievement Its limitations  emerge from a basic fact Black people fought and continue to fight The same applies to social death Such an achievement  would have rendered even those authors’ reflections stillborn The basic premises are perf con s They fail moment they are articulated INFILTRATE INSTITUTIONS It is erroneous to think one can isolate oneself from political system It is a grave error to reject opportunities to join government change can be effectuated within obtain invaluable know-how struggle requires tactics oppression perfected infiltration for undermining the oppressed the structure keeps itself informed to freedom fighters. With extermination looming before Black Americans, it is imperative people enter the establishment .


Question: Bees are uniquely effected

Bees are uniquely effected

Ziani et. al. 23 [Khaled, Department of Clinical Laboratory and Food Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest, Romania. “Microplastics: A Real Global Threat for Environment and Food Safety: A State of the Art Review” https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9920460/]

environment is increasingly invaded by microplastics bees can be samplers Due to increased sensitivity and large flight area Bees bring pollutants into their hive where they accumulate microplastics significant potential to contaminate plants presence prevent the proper absorption of nutrients change the biomass of plants smaller particles greater exposure ; affecting the entire soil ecosystem


Question: Ziani et al 23

Bees are uniquely effected

Ziani et. al. 23 [Khaled, Department of Clinical Laboratory and Food Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest, Romania. “Microplastics: A Real Global Threat for Environment and Food Safety: A State of the Art Review” https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9920460/]

environment is increasingly invaded by microplastics bees can be samplers Due to increased sensitivity and large flight area Bees bring pollutants into their hive where they accumulate microplastics significant potential to contaminate plants presence prevent the proper absorption of nutrients change the biomass of plants smaller particles greater exposure ; affecting the entire soil ecosystem


Question: bees samplers microplastics

Bees are uniquely effected

Ziani et. al. 23 [Khaled, Department of Clinical Laboratory and Food Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest, Romania. “Microplastics: A Real Global Threat for Environment and Food Safety: A State of the Art Review” https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9920460/]

environment is increasingly invaded by microplastics bees can be samplers Due to increased sensitivity and large flight area Bees bring pollutants into their hive where they accumulate microplastics significant potential to contaminate plants presence prevent the proper absorption of nutrients change the biomass of plants smaller particles greater exposure ; affecting the entire soil ecosystem


Question: microplastics contaminate plants

Bees are uniquely effected

Ziani et. al. 23 [Khaled, Department of Clinical Laboratory and Food Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest, Romania. “Microplastics: A Real Global Threat for Environment and Food Safety: A State of the Art Review” https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9920460/]

environment is increasingly invaded by microplastics bees can be samplers Due to increased sensitivity and large flight area Bees bring pollutants into their hive where they accumulate microplastics significant potential to contaminate plants presence prevent the proper absorption of nutrients change the biomass of plants smaller particles greater exposure ; affecting the entire soil ecosystem


Question: microplastics affect soil ecosystem

Bees are uniquely effected

Ziani et. al. 23 [Khaled, Department of Clinical Laboratory and Food Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest, Romania. “Microplastics: A Real Global Threat for Environment and Food Safety: A State of the Art Review” https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9920460/]

environment is increasingly invaded by microplastics bees can be samplers Due to increased sensitivity and large flight area Bees bring pollutants into their hive where they accumulate microplastics significant potential to contaminate plants presence prevent the proper absorption of nutrients change the biomass of plants smaller particles greater exposure ; affecting the entire soil ecosystem


Question: bees bring pollutants

Bees are uniquely effected

Ziani et. al. 23 [Khaled, Department of Clinical Laboratory and Food Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest, Romania. “Microplastics: A Real Global Threat for Environment and Food Safety: A State of the Art Review” https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9920460/]

environment is increasingly invaded by microplastics bees can be samplers Due to increased sensitivity and large flight area Bees bring pollutants into their hive where they accumulate microplastics significant potential to contaminate plants presence prevent the proper absorption of nutrients change the biomass of plants smaller particles greater exposure ; affecting the entire soil ecosystem


Question: bees microplastics exposure

Bees are uniquely effected

Ziani et. al. 23 [Khaled, Department of Clinical Laboratory and Food Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest, Romania. “Microplastics: A Real Global Threat for Environment and Food Safety: A State of the Art Review” https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9920460/]

environment is increasingly invaded by microplastics bees can be samplers Due to increased sensitivity and large flight area Bees bring pollutants into their hive where they accumulate microplastics significant potential to contaminate plants presence prevent the proper absorption of nutrients change the biomass of plants smaller particles greater exposure ; affecting the entire soil ecosystem


Question: suits get tossed out

EVEN WITHOUT the PQD, suits get tossed out because they lack standing.

Richard D. Rosen 11, Professor of Law at Texas Tech, “Drones and the U.S. Courts,” William Mitchell Law Review, Volume 37, Issue 5, Journal of the National Security Forum, https://open.mitchellhamline.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2932&context=wmlr, cy

insurmountable barrier to lawsuits standing particularly for drones requires a particularized injury Parties whose harm is undifferentiated lack standing absent a client who was a target those opposed will be unable to challenge in federal court to seek relief means turning themselves in the lawsuit will be dismissed targets are classified a member will be unable to establish beyond conjecture


Question: Richard D. Rosen 11

EVEN WITHOUT the PQD, suits get tossed out because they lack standing.

Richard D. Rosen 11, Professor of Law at Texas Tech, “Drones and the U.S. Courts,” William Mitchell Law Review, Volume 37, Issue 5, Journal of the National Security Forum, https://open.mitchellhamline.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2932&context=wmlr, cy

insurmountable barrier to lawsuits standing particularly for drones requires a particularized injury Parties whose harm is undifferentiated lack standing absent a client who was a target those opposed will be unable to challenge in federal court to seek relief means turning themselves in the lawsuit will be dismissed targets are classified a member will be unable to establish beyond conjecture


Question: drones lawsuits standing

EVEN WITHOUT the PQD, suits get tossed out because they lack standing.

Richard D. Rosen 11, Professor of Law at Texas Tech, “Drones and the U.S. Courts,” William Mitchell Law Review, Volume 37, Issue 5, Journal of the National Security Forum, https://open.mitchellhamline.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2932&context=wmlr, cy

insurmountable barrier to lawsuits standing particularly for drones requires a particularized injury Parties whose harm is undifferentiated lack standing absent a client who was a target those opposed will be unable to challenge in federal court to seek relief means turning themselves in the lawsuit will be dismissed targets are classified a member will be unable to establish beyond conjecture


Question: lack standing drones

EVEN WITHOUT the PQD, suits get tossed out because they lack standing.

Richard D. Rosen 11, Professor of Law at Texas Tech, “Drones and the U.S. Courts,” William Mitchell Law Review, Volume 37, Issue 5, Journal of the National Security Forum, https://open.mitchellhamline.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2932&context=wmlr, cy

insurmountable barrier to lawsuits standing particularly for drones requires a particularized injury Parties whose harm is undifferentiated lack standing absent a client who was a target those opposed will be unable to challenge in federal court to seek relief means turning themselves in the lawsuit will be dismissed targets are classified a member will be unable to establish beyond conjecture


Question: standing requires particularized injury

EVEN WITHOUT the PQD, suits get tossed out because they lack standing.

Richard D. Rosen 11, Professor of Law at Texas Tech, “Drones and the U.S. Courts,” William Mitchell Law Review, Volume 37, Issue 5, Journal of the National Security Forum, https://open.mitchellhamline.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2932&context=wmlr, cy

insurmountable barrier to lawsuits standing particularly for drones requires a particularized injury Parties whose harm is undifferentiated lack standing absent a client who was a target those opposed will be unable to challenge in federal court to seek relief means turning themselves in the lawsuit will be dismissed targets are classified a member will be unable to establish beyond conjecture


Question: drones challenge in federal court

EVEN WITHOUT the PQD, suits get tossed out because they lack standing.

Richard D. Rosen 11, Professor of Law at Texas Tech, “Drones and the U.S. Courts,” William Mitchell Law Review, Volume 37, Issue 5, Journal of the National Security Forum, https://open.mitchellhamline.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2932&context=wmlr, cy

insurmountable barrier to lawsuits standing particularly for drones requires a particularized injury Parties whose harm is undifferentiated lack standing absent a client who was a target those opposed will be unable to challenge in federal court to seek relief means turning themselves in the lawsuit will be dismissed targets are classified a member will be unable to establish beyond conjecture


Question: Exports buoy European energy stability

Exports are high now and buoying European energy stability

Eberhart 24 – CEO of Canary LLC, J.D. from Tulane University Law School.

The White House could derail export projects and threaten America's remarkable run export capacity has grown Seven plants are operating with eight under construction the U S is slated to export 160 million tons per year double Qatar Expansion  will be critical  to keep lights on in Europe to r eplace Russian gas LNG is also critical to reducing emissions in Asia where gas is an alt to coal policy could change the trajectory with serious ramifications for global markets affordable and flexible supply appeals worldwide without long contracts


Question: Eberhart 24

Exports are high now and buoying European energy stability

Eberhart 24 – CEO of Canary LLC, J.D. from Tulane University Law School.

The White House could derail export projects and threaten America's remarkable run export capacity has grown Seven plants are operating with eight under construction the U S is slated to export 160 million tons per year double Qatar Expansion  will be critical  to keep lights on in Europe to r eplace Russian gas LNG is also critical to reducing emissions in Asia where gas is an alt to coal policy could change the trajectory with serious ramifications for global markets affordable and flexible supply appeals worldwide without long contracts


Question: White House could derail export projects

Exports are high now and buoying European energy stability

Eberhart 24 – CEO of Canary LLC, J.D. from Tulane University Law School.

The White House could derail export projects and threaten America's remarkable run export capacity has grown Seven plants are operating with eight under construction the U S is slated to export 160 million tons per year double Qatar Expansion  will be critical  to keep lights on in Europe to r eplace Russian gas LNG is also critical to reducing emissions in Asia where gas is an alt to coal policy could change the trajectory with serious ramifications for global markets affordable and flexible supply appeals worldwide without long contracts


Question: US exports 160 million tons

Exports are high now and buoying European energy stability

Eberhart 24 – CEO of Canary LLC, J.D. from Tulane University Law School.

The White House could derail export projects and threaten America's remarkable run export capacity has grown Seven plants are operating with eight under construction the U S is slated to export 160 million tons per year double Qatar Expansion  will be critical  to keep lights on in Europe to r eplace Russian gas LNG is also critical to reducing emissions in Asia where gas is an alt to coal policy could change the trajectory with serious ramifications for global markets affordable and flexible supply appeals worldwide without long contracts


Question: LNG reduces emissions in Asia

Exports are high now and buoying European energy stability

Eberhart 24 – CEO of Canary LLC, J.D. from Tulane University Law School.

The White House could derail export projects and threaten America's remarkable run export capacity has grown Seven plants are operating with eight under construction the U S is slated to export 160 million tons per year double Qatar Expansion  will be critical  to keep lights on in Europe to r eplace Russian gas LNG is also critical to reducing emissions in Asia where gas is an alt to coal policy could change the trajectory with serious ramifications for global markets affordable and flexible supply appeals worldwide without long contracts


Question: US LNG critical to Europe

Exports are high now and buoying European energy stability

Eberhart 24 – CEO of Canary LLC, J.D. from Tulane University Law School.

The White House could derail export projects and threaten America's remarkable run export capacity has grown Seven plants are operating with eight under construction the U S is slated to export 160 million tons per year double Qatar Expansion  will be critical  to keep lights on in Europe to r eplace Russian gas LNG is also critical to reducing emissions in Asia where gas is an alt to coal policy could change the trajectory with serious ramifications for global markets affordable and flexible supply appeals worldwide without long contracts


Question: US LNG exports

Exports are high now and buoying European energy stability

Eberhart 24 – CEO of Canary LLC, J.D. from Tulane University Law School.

The White House could derail export projects and threaten America's remarkable run export capacity has grown Seven plants are operating with eight under construction the U S is slated to export 160 million tons per year double Qatar Expansion  will be critical  to keep lights on in Europe to r eplace Russian gas LNG is also critical to reducing emissions in Asia where gas is an alt to coal policy could change the trajectory with serious ramifications for global markets affordable and flexible supply appeals worldwide without long contracts


Question: insular method

7. Failure to provide a clear alternative to hegemony and liberal foreign policy ensures their method remains insular.

Brenes 22 (Michael Brenes teaches history at Yale University. His new book is For Might and Right: Cold War Defense Spending and the Remaking of American Democracy. 12-20-2022, "American Hegemony Is Morally Bankrupt. We Need a Just Alternative.," Jacobin, https://jacobin.com/2022/12/leftist-foreign-policy-restraint-strategy-ukraine-war, JKS)

Restraint is not the end in and of itself must look to build affirmative vision relies upon international collaboration to reprioritize security threats climate change migration refugee policy poverty global health deter imperial adventures demilitarize landscape of fo po restraint will not thrive simply as critique Restraint cannot be reactive and defensive if ever there was a time when the sheer force of events should suffice to undermine a theory, it is now For the first time since the 1980s, everyone is talking about capitalism—not alterity hybridity , or  the fragment, but the ubiquitous, grinding, crushing force of capital It is hard to imagine a more dramatic confirmation of the two universalisms than demands for bread, rights, jobs, and democracy secular, universalistic, and materialist demands masses of young revolutionaries called for liberty the U S and Europe experienced mass mobilizations the past five years created recognition of postcolonial theory’s shortcomings There are journals wholly committed to it, chairs in humanities departments sections in disciplinary societies book series at publishing houses , not only have lavish material resources been plowed into the field, but hundreds of scholars have built their reputations on it legions of intellectuals who have staked their reputations on this theoretical framework response to the political developments to bend and twist the theory so that it might appear capable of accommodating developments that rather directly undermine its basic propositions; and violently attack any concerted critique when scientific theories meet with even outright disconfirmation They are able to survive for long periods because of the resources that can be deployed to defend them postcolonial theory is much the same , the absence of experimental conditions makes the likelihood of rapid displacement even more remote. The times in which we live this will not happen on its own All the more reason to begin now.


Question: Brenes 22

7. Failure to provide a clear alternative to hegemony and liberal foreign policy ensures their method remains insular.

Brenes 22 (Michael Brenes teaches history at Yale University. His new book is For Might and Right: Cold War Defense Spending and the Remaking of American Democracy. 12-20-2022, "American Hegemony Is Morally Bankrupt. We Need a Just Alternative.," Jacobin, https://jacobin.com/2022/12/leftist-foreign-policy-restraint-strategy-ukraine-war, JKS)

Restraint is not the end in and of itself must look to build affirmative vision relies upon international collaboration to reprioritize security threats climate change migration refugee policy poverty global health deter imperial adventures demilitarize landscape of fo po restraint will not thrive simply as critique Restraint cannot be reactive and defensive if ever there was a time when the sheer force of events should suffice to undermine a theory, it is now For the first time since the 1980s, everyone is talking about capitalism—not alterity hybridity , or  the fragment, but the ubiquitous, grinding, crushing force of capital It is hard to imagine a more dramatic confirmation of the two universalisms than demands for bread, rights, jobs, and democracy secular, universalistic, and materialist demands masses of young revolutionaries called for liberty the U S and Europe experienced mass mobilizations the past five years created recognition of postcolonial theory’s shortcomings There are journals wholly committed to it, chairs in humanities departments sections in disciplinary societies book series at publishing houses , not only have lavish material resources been plowed into the field, but hundreds of scholars have built their reputations on it legions of intellectuals who have staked their reputations on this theoretical framework response to the political developments to bend and twist the theory so that it might appear capable of accommodating developments that rather directly undermine its basic propositions; and violently attack any concerted critique when scientific theories meet with even outright disconfirmation They are able to survive for long periods because of the resources that can be deployed to defend them postcolonial theory is much the same , the absence of experimental conditions makes the likelihood of rapid displacement even more remote. The times in which we live this will not happen on its own All the more reason to begin now.


Question: Michael Brenes

7. Failure to provide a clear alternative to hegemony and liberal foreign policy ensures their method remains insular.

Brenes 22 (Michael Brenes teaches history at Yale University. His new book is For Might and Right: Cold War Defense Spending and the Remaking of American Democracy. 12-20-2022, "American Hegemony Is Morally Bankrupt. We Need a Just Alternative.," Jacobin, https://jacobin.com/2022/12/leftist-foreign-policy-restraint-strategy-ukraine-war, JKS)

Restraint is not the end in and of itself must look to build affirmative vision relies upon international collaboration to reprioritize security threats climate change migration refugee policy poverty global health deter imperial adventures demilitarize landscape of fo po restraint will not thrive simply as critique Restraint cannot be reactive and defensive if ever there was a time when the sheer force of events should suffice to undermine a theory, it is now For the first time since the 1980s, everyone is talking about capitalism—not alterity hybridity , or  the fragment, but the ubiquitous, grinding, crushing force of capital It is hard to imagine a more dramatic confirmation of the two universalisms than demands for bread, rights, jobs, and democracy secular, universalistic, and materialist demands masses of young revolutionaries called for liberty the U S and Europe experienced mass mobilizations the past five years created recognition of postcolonial theory’s shortcomings There are journals wholly committed to it, chairs in humanities departments sections in disciplinary societies book series at publishing houses , not only have lavish material resources been plowed into the field, but hundreds of scholars have built their reputations on it legions of intellectuals who have staked their reputations on this theoretical framework response to the political developments to bend and twist the theory so that it might appear capable of accommodating developments that rather directly undermine its basic propositions; and violently attack any concerted critique when scientific theories meet with even outright disconfirmation They are able to survive for long periods because of the resources that can be deployed to defend them postcolonial theory is much the same , the absence of experimental conditions makes the likelihood of rapid displacement even more remote. The times in which we live this will not happen on its own All the more reason to begin now.


Question: alternative to hegemony

7. Failure to provide a clear alternative to hegemony and liberal foreign policy ensures their method remains insular.

Brenes 22 (Michael Brenes teaches history at Yale University. His new book is For Might and Right: Cold War Defense Spending and the Remaking of American Democracy. 12-20-2022, "American Hegemony Is Morally Bankrupt. We Need a Just Alternative.," Jacobin, https://jacobin.com/2022/12/leftist-foreign-policy-restraint-strategy-ukraine-war, JKS)

Restraint is not the end in and of itself must look to build affirmative vision relies upon international collaboration to reprioritize security threats climate change migration refugee policy poverty global health deter imperial adventures demilitarize landscape of fo po restraint will not thrive simply as critique Restraint cannot be reactive and defensive if ever there was a time when the sheer force of events should suffice to undermine a theory, it is now For the first time since the 1980s, everyone is talking about capitalism—not alterity hybridity , or  the fragment, but the ubiquitous, grinding, crushing force of capital It is hard to imagine a more dramatic confirmation of the two universalisms than demands for bread, rights, jobs, and democracy secular, universalistic, and materialist demands masses of young revolutionaries called for liberty the U S and Europe experienced mass mobilizations the past five years created recognition of postcolonial theory’s shortcomings There are journals wholly committed to it, chairs in humanities departments sections in disciplinary societies book series at publishing houses , not only have lavish material resources been plowed into the field, but hundreds of scholars have built their reputations on it legions of intellectuals who have staked their reputations on this theoretical framework response to the political developments to bend and twist the theory so that it might appear capable of accommodating developments that rather directly undermine its basic propositions; and violently attack any concerted critique when scientific theories meet with even outright disconfirmation They are able to survive for long periods because of the resources that can be deployed to defend them postcolonial theory is much the same , the absence of experimental conditions makes the likelihood of rapid displacement even more remote. The times in which we live this will not happen on its own All the more reason to begin now.


Question: failure to provide a clear alternative

7. Failure to provide a clear alternative to hegemony and liberal foreign policy ensures their method remains insular.

Brenes 22 (Michael Brenes teaches history at Yale University. His new book is For Might and Right: Cold War Defense Spending and the Remaking of American Democracy. 12-20-2022, "American Hegemony Is Morally Bankrupt. We Need a Just Alternative.," Jacobin, https://jacobin.com/2022/12/leftist-foreign-policy-restraint-strategy-ukraine-war, JKS)

Restraint is not the end in and of itself must look to build affirmative vision relies upon international collaboration to reprioritize security threats climate change migration refugee policy poverty global health deter imperial adventures demilitarize landscape of fo po restraint will not thrive simply as critique Restraint cannot be reactive and defensive if ever there was a time when the sheer force of events should suffice to undermine a theory, it is now For the first time since the 1980s, everyone is talking about capitalism—not alterity hybridity , or  the fragment, but the ubiquitous, grinding, crushing force of capital It is hard to imagine a more dramatic confirmation of the two universalisms than demands for bread, rights, jobs, and democracy secular, universalistic, and materialist demands masses of young revolutionaries called for liberty the U S and Europe experienced mass mobilizations the past five years created recognition of postcolonial theory’s shortcomings There are journals wholly committed to it, chairs in humanities departments sections in disciplinary societies book series at publishing houses , not only have lavish material resources been plowed into the field, but hundreds of scholars have built their reputations on it legions of intellectuals who have staked their reputations on this theoretical framework response to the political developments to bend and twist the theory so that it might appear capable of accommodating developments that rather directly undermine its basic propositions; and violently attack any concerted critique when scientific theories meet with even outright disconfirmation They are able to survive for long periods because of the resources that can be deployed to defend them postcolonial theory is much the same , the absence of experimental conditions makes the likelihood of rapid displacement even more remote. The times in which we live this will not happen on its own All the more reason to begin now.


Question: postcolonial theory shortcomings

7. Failure to provide a clear alternative to hegemony and liberal foreign policy ensures their method remains insular.

Brenes 22 (Michael Brenes teaches history at Yale University. His new book is For Might and Right: Cold War Defense Spending and the Remaking of American Democracy. 12-20-2022, "American Hegemony Is Morally Bankrupt. We Need a Just Alternative.," Jacobin, https://jacobin.com/2022/12/leftist-foreign-policy-restraint-strategy-ukraine-war, JKS)

Restraint is not the end in and of itself must look to build affirmative vision relies upon international collaboration to reprioritize security threats climate change migration refugee policy poverty global health deter imperial adventures demilitarize landscape of fo po restraint will not thrive simply as critique Restraint cannot be reactive and defensive if ever there was a time when the sheer force of events should suffice to undermine a theory, it is now For the first time since the 1980s, everyone is talking about capitalism—not alterity hybridity , or  the fragment, but the ubiquitous, grinding, crushing force of capital It is hard to imagine a more dramatic confirmation of the two universalisms than demands for bread, rights, jobs, and democracy secular, universalistic, and materialist demands masses of young revolutionaries called for liberty the U S and Europe experienced mass mobilizations the past five years created recognition of postcolonial theory’s shortcomings There are journals wholly committed to it, chairs in humanities departments sections in disciplinary societies book series at publishing houses , not only have lavish material resources been plowed into the field, but hundreds of scholars have built their reputations on it legions of intellectuals who have staked their reputations on this theoretical framework response to the political developments to bend and twist the theory so that it might appear capable of accommodating developments that rather directly undermine its basic propositions; and violently attack any concerted critique when scientific theories meet with even outright disconfirmation They are able to survive for long periods because of the resources that can be deployed to defend them postcolonial theory is much the same , the absence of experimental conditions makes the likelihood of rapid displacement even more remote. The times in which we live this will not happen on its own All the more reason to begin now.


Question: restraint rely on international collaboration

7. Failure to provide a clear alternative to hegemony and liberal foreign policy ensures their method remains insular.

Brenes 22 (Michael Brenes teaches history at Yale University. His new book is For Might and Right: Cold War Defense Spending and the Remaking of American Democracy. 12-20-2022, "American Hegemony Is Morally Bankrupt. We Need a Just Alternative.," Jacobin, https://jacobin.com/2022/12/leftist-foreign-policy-restraint-strategy-ukraine-war, JKS)

Restraint is not the end in and of itself must look to build affirmative vision relies upon international collaboration to reprioritize security threats climate change migration refugee policy poverty global health deter imperial adventures demilitarize landscape of fo po restraint will not thrive simply as critique Restraint cannot be reactive and defensive if ever there was a time when the sheer force of events should suffice to undermine a theory, it is now For the first time since the 1980s, everyone is talking about capitalism—not alterity hybridity , or  the fragment, but the ubiquitous, grinding, crushing force of capital It is hard to imagine a more dramatic confirmation of the two universalisms than demands for bread, rights, jobs, and democracy secular, universalistic, and materialist demands masses of young revolutionaries called for liberty the U S and Europe experienced mass mobilizations the past five years created recognition of postcolonial theory’s shortcomings There are journals wholly committed to it, chairs in humanities departments sections in disciplinary societies book series at publishing houses , not only have lavish material resources been plowed into the field, but hundreds of scholars have built their reputations on it legions of intellectuals who have staked their reputations on this theoretical framework response to the political developments to bend and twist the theory so that it might appear capable of accommodating developments that rather directly undermine its basic propositions; and violently attack any concerted critique when scientific theories meet with even outright disconfirmation They are able to survive for long periods because of the resources that can be deployed to defend them postcolonial theory is much the same , the absence of experimental conditions makes the likelihood of rapid displacement even more remote. The times in which we live this will not happen on its own All the more reason to begin now.


Question: demilitarize landscape of foreign policy

7. Failure to provide a clear alternative to hegemony and liberal foreign policy ensures their method remains insular.

Brenes 22 (Michael Brenes teaches history at Yale University. His new book is For Might and Right: Cold War Defense Spending and the Remaking of American Democracy. 12-20-2022, "American Hegemony Is Morally Bankrupt. We Need a Just Alternative.," Jacobin, https://jacobin.com/2022/12/leftist-foreign-policy-restraint-strategy-ukraine-war, JKS)

Restraint is not the end in and of itself must look to build affirmative vision relies upon international collaboration to reprioritize security threats climate change migration refugee policy poverty global health deter imperial adventures demilitarize landscape of fo po restraint will not thrive simply as critique Restraint cannot be reactive and defensive if ever there was a time when the sheer force of events should suffice to undermine a theory, it is now For the first time since the 1980s, everyone is talking about capitalism—not alterity hybridity , or  the fragment, but the ubiquitous, grinding, crushing force of capital It is hard to imagine a more dramatic confirmation of the two universalisms than demands for bread, rights, jobs, and democracy secular, universalistic, and materialist demands masses of young revolutionaries called for liberty the U S and Europe experienced mass mobilizations the past five years created recognition of postcolonial theory’s shortcomings There are journals wholly committed to it, chairs in humanities departments sections in disciplinary societies book series at publishing houses , not only have lavish material resources been plowed into the field, but hundreds of scholars have built their reputations on it legions of intellectuals who have staked their reputations on this theoretical framework response to the political developments to bend and twist the theory so that it might appear capable of accommodating developments that rather directly undermine its basic propositions; and violently attack any concerted critique when scientific theories meet with even outright disconfirmation They are able to survive for long periods because of the resources that can be deployed to defend them postcolonial theory is much the same , the absence of experimental conditions makes the likelihood of rapid displacement even more remote. The times in which we live this will not happen on its own All the more reason to begin now.


Question: Solves federal lands specificity matters

Solves federal lands – specificity matters – requiring compliance rather than categorical ban avoids preemption

Biber 16 --- Eric, law prof @ Berkeley, environmental and natural resources law, administrative law, and property. Prior to joining Berkeley in 2006, he worked as a litigator in the Denver office of Earthjustice, a public-interest nonprofit organization specializing in public lands and other environmental cases. Biber taught public lands law as an adjunct faculty member at the University of Denver Sturm College of Law in fall 2005. He is a member of both the Colorado and California bars. Biber earned a master’s of environmental science with a focus in conservation biology from the Yale School of Forestry & Environmental Studies and a J.D. from Yale Law School. Following law school, Biber clerked for Judge Carlos Lucero of the 10th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals in Denver and Judge Judith Rogers of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit., 9/20/16, http://legal-planet.org/2016/09/20/state-regulation-of-environmental-harms-on-federal-lands/

Court indicates substantial authority for states to act not preempted by federal aw key factors answering future questions about whether state environmental reg s on federal lands are preempted rules are likely to be upheld a statute is less likely to be preempted to the extent it : Regulates only particular methods or requires compliance with standards rather than banning an activity entirely Is justified based on specific environmental harms it is fairly clear new laws regulations and permits will be upheld if are challenged the law does not flatly prohibit all mining in the state it can allow mining where the mining will not impair environmental quality


Question: Biber 16

Solves federal lands – specificity matters – requiring compliance rather than categorical ban avoids preemption

Biber 16 --- Eric, law prof @ Berkeley, environmental and natural resources law, administrative law, and property. Prior to joining Berkeley in 2006, he worked as a litigator in the Denver office of Earthjustice, a public-interest nonprofit organization specializing in public lands and other environmental cases. Biber taught public lands law as an adjunct faculty member at the University of Denver Sturm College of Law in fall 2005. He is a member of both the Colorado and California bars. Biber earned a master’s of environmental science with a focus in conservation biology from the Yale School of Forestry & Environmental Studies and a J.D. from Yale Law School. Following law school, Biber clerked for Judge Carlos Lucero of the 10th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals in Denver and Judge Judith Rogers of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit., 9/20/16, http://legal-planet.org/2016/09/20/state-regulation-of-environmental-harms-on-federal-lands/

Court indicates substantial authority for states to act not preempted by federal aw key factors answering future questions about whether state environmental reg s on federal lands are preempted rules are likely to be upheld a statute is less likely to be preempted to the extent it : Regulates only particular methods or requires compliance with standards rather than banning an activity entirely Is justified based on specific environmental harms it is fairly clear new laws regulations and permits will be upheld if are challenged the law does not flatly prohibit all mining in the state it can allow mining where the mining will not impair environmental quality


Question: Eric Biber

Solves federal lands – specificity matters – requiring compliance rather than categorical ban avoids preemption

Biber 16 --- Eric, law prof @ Berkeley, environmental and natural resources law, administrative law, and property. Prior to joining Berkeley in 2006, he worked as a litigator in the Denver office of Earthjustice, a public-interest nonprofit organization specializing in public lands and other environmental cases. Biber taught public lands law as an adjunct faculty member at the University of Denver Sturm College of Law in fall 2005. He is a member of both the Colorado and California bars. Biber earned a master’s of environmental science with a focus in conservation biology from the Yale School of Forestry & Environmental Studies and a J.D. from Yale Law School. Following law school, Biber clerked for Judge Carlos Lucero of the 10th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals in Denver and Judge Judith Rogers of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit., 9/20/16, http://legal-planet.org/2016/09/20/state-regulation-of-environmental-harms-on-federal-lands/

Court indicates substantial authority for states to act not preempted by federal aw key factors answering future questions about whether state environmental reg s on federal lands are preempted rules are likely to be upheld a statute is less likely to be preempted to the extent it : Regulates only particular methods or requires compliance with standards rather than banning an activity entirely Is justified based on specific environmental harms it is fairly clear new laws regulations and permits will be upheld if are challenged the law does not flatly prohibit all mining in the state it can allow mining where the mining will not impair environmental quality


Question: state regulation federal lands not preempted

Solves federal lands – specificity matters – requiring compliance rather than categorical ban avoids preemption

Biber 16 --- Eric, law prof @ Berkeley, environmental and natural resources law, administrative law, and property. Prior to joining Berkeley in 2006, he worked as a litigator in the Denver office of Earthjustice, a public-interest nonprofit organization specializing in public lands and other environmental cases. Biber taught public lands law as an adjunct faculty member at the University of Denver Sturm College of Law in fall 2005. He is a member of both the Colorado and California bars. Biber earned a master’s of environmental science with a focus in conservation biology from the Yale School of Forestry & Environmental Studies and a J.D. from Yale Law School. Following law school, Biber clerked for Judge Carlos Lucero of the 10th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals in Denver and Judge Judith Rogers of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit., 9/20/16, http://legal-planet.org/2016/09/20/state-regulation-of-environmental-harms-on-federal-lands/

Court indicates substantial authority for states to act not preempted by federal aw key factors answering future questions about whether state environmental reg s on federal lands are preempted rules are likely to be upheld a statute is less likely to be preempted to the extent it : Regulates only particular methods or requires compliance with standards rather than banning an activity entirely Is justified based on specific environmental harms it is fairly clear new laws regulations and permits will be upheld if are challenged the law does not flatly prohibit all mining in the state it can allow mining where the mining will not impair environmental quality


Question: compliance avoids preemption

Solves federal lands – specificity matters – requiring compliance rather than categorical ban avoids preemption

Biber 16 --- Eric, law prof @ Berkeley, environmental and natural resources law, administrative law, and property. Prior to joining Berkeley in 2006, he worked as a litigator in the Denver office of Earthjustice, a public-interest nonprofit organization specializing in public lands and other environmental cases. Biber taught public lands law as an adjunct faculty member at the University of Denver Sturm College of Law in fall 2005. He is a member of both the Colorado and California bars. Biber earned a master’s of environmental science with a focus in conservation biology from the Yale School of Forestry & Environmental Studies and a J.D. from Yale Law School. Following law school, Biber clerked for Judge Carlos Lucero of the 10th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals in Denver and Judge Judith Rogers of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit., 9/20/16, http://legal-planet.org/2016/09/20/state-regulation-of-environmental-harms-on-federal-lands/

Court indicates substantial authority for states to act not preempted by federal aw key factors answering future questions about whether state environmental reg s on federal lands are preempted rules are likely to be upheld a statute is less likely to be preempted to the extent it : Regulates only particular methods or requires compliance with standards rather than banning an activity entirely Is justified based on specific environmental harms it is fairly clear new laws regulations and permits will be upheld if are challenged the law does not flatly prohibit all mining in the state it can allow mining where the mining will not impair environmental quality


Question: environmental harms on federal lands

Solves federal lands – specificity matters – requiring compliance rather than categorical ban avoids preemption

Biber 16 --- Eric, law prof @ Berkeley, environmental and natural resources law, administrative law, and property. Prior to joining Berkeley in 2006, he worked as a litigator in the Denver office of Earthjustice, a public-interest nonprofit organization specializing in public lands and other environmental cases. Biber taught public lands law as an adjunct faculty member at the University of Denver Sturm College of Law in fall 2005. He is a member of both the Colorado and California bars. Biber earned a master’s of environmental science with a focus in conservation biology from the Yale School of Forestry & Environmental Studies and a J.D. from Yale Law School. Following law school, Biber clerked for Judge Carlos Lucero of the 10th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals in Denver and Judge Judith Rogers of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit., 9/20/16, http://legal-planet.org/2016/09/20/state-regulation-of-environmental-harms-on-federal-lands/

Court indicates substantial authority for states to act not preempted by federal aw key factors answering future questions about whether state environmental reg s on federal lands are preempted rules are likely to be upheld a statute is less likely to be preempted to the extent it : Regulates only particular methods or requires compliance with standards rather than banning an activity entirely Is justified based on specific environmental harms it is fairly clear new laws regulations and permits will be upheld if are challenged the law does not flatly prohibit all mining in the state it can allow mining where the mining will not impair environmental quality


Question: state environmental regs

Solves federal lands – specificity matters – requiring compliance rather than categorical ban avoids preemption

Biber 16 --- Eric, law prof @ Berkeley, environmental and natural resources law, administrative law, and property. Prior to joining Berkeley in 2006, he worked as a litigator in the Denver office of Earthjustice, a public-interest nonprofit organization specializing in public lands and other environmental cases. Biber taught public lands law as an adjunct faculty member at the University of Denver Sturm College of Law in fall 2005. He is a member of both the Colorado and California bars. Biber earned a master’s of environmental science with a focus in conservation biology from the Yale School of Forestry & Environmental Studies and a J.D. from Yale Law School. Following law school, Biber clerked for Judge Carlos Lucero of the 10th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals in Denver and Judge Judith Rogers of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit., 9/20/16, http://legal-planet.org/2016/09/20/state-regulation-of-environmental-harms-on-federal-lands/

Court indicates substantial authority for states to act not preempted by federal aw key factors answering future questions about whether state environmental reg s on federal lands are preempted rules are likely to be upheld a statute is less likely to be preempted to the extent it : Regulates only particular methods or requires compliance with standards rather than banning an activity entirely Is justified based on specific environmental harms it is fairly clear new laws regulations and permits will be upheld if are challenged the law does not flatly prohibit all mining in the state it can allow mining where the mining will not impair environmental quality


Question: A. Concedes hasn't banned Russian imports

A. Concedes that it hasn’t banned Russian imports. That was cross-x. We’ll insert blue.

2AC Eugene Chausovsky 23. Senior analyst at the Newsline Institute. "The Global South Is Keeping Russia’s Energy Economy Afloat." Foreign Policy. 6-26-2023. https://foreignpolicy.com/2023/06/26/the-global-south-russia-energy-economy-putin/

U.S. and EU passed strongest sanctions to date against Russian energy making plans to diversify away from Russian oil U S cut imports immediately EU stopped all seaborne Russian oil imports  and has reduced Russia’s share of its total natural gas imports from around 40 percent  to below 10


Question: Eugene Chausovsky 23

A. Concedes that it hasn’t banned Russian imports. That was cross-x. We’ll insert blue.

2AC Eugene Chausovsky 23. Senior analyst at the Newsline Institute. "The Global South Is Keeping Russia’s Energy Economy Afloat." Foreign Policy. 6-26-2023. https://foreignpolicy.com/2023/06/26/the-global-south-russia-energy-economy-putin/

U.S. and EU passed strongest sanctions to date against Russian energy making plans to diversify away from Russian oil U S cut imports immediately EU stopped all seaborne Russian oil imports  and has reduced Russia’s share of its total natural gas imports from around 40 percent  to below 10


Question: US Russia imports

A. Concedes that it hasn’t banned Russian imports. That was cross-x. We’ll insert blue.

2AC Eugene Chausovsky 23. Senior analyst at the Newsline Institute. "The Global South Is Keeping Russia’s Energy Economy Afloat." Foreign Policy. 6-26-2023. https://foreignpolicy.com/2023/06/26/the-global-south-russia-energy-economy-putin/

U.S. and EU passed strongest sanctions to date against Russian energy making plans to diversify away from Russian oil U S cut imports immediately EU stopped all seaborne Russian oil imports  and has reduced Russia’s share of its total natural gas imports from around 40 percent  to below 10


Question: US has not banned Russian imports

A. Concedes that it hasn’t banned Russian imports. That was cross-x. We’ll insert blue.

2AC Eugene Chausovsky 23. Senior analyst at the Newsline Institute. "The Global South Is Keeping Russia’s Energy Economy Afloat." Foreign Policy. 6-26-2023. https://foreignpolicy.com/2023/06/26/the-global-south-russia-energy-economy-putin/

U.S. and EU passed strongest sanctions to date against Russian energy making plans to diversify away from Russian oil U S cut imports immediately EU stopped all seaborne Russian oil imports  and has reduced Russia’s share of its total natural gas imports from around 40 percent  to below 10


Question: EU stopped seaborne Russian oil imports

A. Concedes that it hasn’t banned Russian imports. That was cross-x. We’ll insert blue.

2AC Eugene Chausovsky 23. Senior analyst at the Newsline Institute. "The Global South Is Keeping Russia’s Energy Economy Afloat." Foreign Policy. 6-26-2023. https://foreignpolicy.com/2023/06/26/the-global-south-russia-energy-economy-putin/

U.S. and EU passed strongest sanctions to date against Russian energy making plans to diversify away from Russian oil U S cut imports immediately EU stopped all seaborne Russian oil imports  and has reduced Russia’s share of its total natural gas imports from around 40 percent  to below 10


Question: Global South Russia Energy Economy

A. Concedes that it hasn’t banned Russian imports. That was cross-x. We’ll insert blue.

2AC Eugene Chausovsky 23. Senior analyst at the Newsline Institute. "The Global South Is Keeping Russia’s Energy Economy Afloat." Foreign Policy. 6-26-2023. https://foreignpolicy.com/2023/06/26/the-global-south-russia-energy-economy-putin/

U.S. and EU passed strongest sanctions to date against Russian energy making plans to diversify away from Russian oil U S cut imports immediately EU stopped all seaborne Russian oil imports  and has reduced Russia’s share of its total natural gas imports from around 40 percent  to below 10


Question: Russian energy sanctions

A. Concedes that it hasn’t banned Russian imports. That was cross-x. We’ll insert blue.

2AC Eugene Chausovsky 23. Senior analyst at the Newsline Institute. "The Global South Is Keeping Russia’s Energy Economy Afloat." Foreign Policy. 6-26-2023. https://foreignpolicy.com/2023/06/26/the-global-south-russia-energy-economy-putin/

U.S. and EU passed strongest sanctions to date against Russian energy making plans to diversify away from Russian oil U S cut imports immediately EU stopped all seaborne Russian oil imports  and has reduced Russia’s share of its total natural gas imports from around 40 percent  to below 10


Question: Permanent storage alternative to EOR

Permanent storage is an alternative to EOR.

Serin 23, Esin Serin, Policy Fellow working on UK energy and climate policy with a particular focus on sustainable growth, economic opportunities of net zero and decarbonisation of hard-to-abate sectors. Esin works in collaboration with the LSE’s Centre for Economic Performance (CEP) and is an Associate of the Productive and Inclusive Net Zero (PRINZ) project, London School of Economics, 3-13-2023 ["What is carbon capture, usage and storage (CCUS) and what role can it play in tackling climate change?," available on:  https://www.lse.ac.uk/granthaminstitute/explainers/what-is-carbon-capture-and-storage-and-what-role-can-it-play-in-tackling-climate-change/, accessed:  10-31-2024]rrf

Usage refers to using the captured CO2 to produce c products or services EOR injects CO2 into oil and gas reservoirs to increase extraction majority of projects are for the dedicated storage rather than EOR


Question: Serin 23

Permanent storage is an alternative to EOR.

Serin 23, Esin Serin, Policy Fellow working on UK energy and climate policy with a particular focus on sustainable growth, economic opportunities of net zero and decarbonisation of hard-to-abate sectors. Esin works in collaboration with the LSE’s Centre for Economic Performance (CEP) and is an Associate of the Productive and Inclusive Net Zero (PRINZ) project, London School of Economics, 3-13-2023 ["What is carbon capture, usage and storage (CCUS) and what role can it play in tackling climate change?," available on:  https://www.lse.ac.uk/granthaminstitute/explainers/what-is-carbon-capture-and-storage-and-what-role-can-it-play-in-tackling-climate-change/, accessed:  10-31-2024]rrf

Usage refers to using the captured CO2 to produce c products or services EOR injects CO2 into oil and gas reservoirs to increase extraction majority of projects are for the dedicated storage rather than EOR


Question: permanent storage

Permanent storage is an alternative to EOR.

Serin 23, Esin Serin, Policy Fellow working on UK energy and climate policy with a particular focus on sustainable growth, economic opportunities of net zero and decarbonisation of hard-to-abate sectors. Esin works in collaboration with the LSE’s Centre for Economic Performance (CEP) and is an Associate of the Productive and Inclusive Net Zero (PRINZ) project, London School of Economics, 3-13-2023 ["What is carbon capture, usage and storage (CCUS) and what role can it play in tackling climate change?," available on:  https://www.lse.ac.uk/granthaminstitute/explainers/what-is-carbon-capture-and-storage-and-what-role-can-it-play-in-tackling-climate-change/, accessed:  10-31-2024]rrf

Usage refers to using the captured CO2 to produce c products or services EOR injects CO2 into oil and gas reservoirs to increase extraction majority of projects are for the dedicated storage rather than EOR


Question: carbon capture usage storage

Permanent storage is an alternative to EOR.

Serin 23, Esin Serin, Policy Fellow working on UK energy and climate policy with a particular focus on sustainable growth, economic opportunities of net zero and decarbonisation of hard-to-abate sectors. Esin works in collaboration with the LSE’s Centre for Economic Performance (CEP) and is an Associate of the Productive and Inclusive Net Zero (PRINZ) project, London School of Economics, 3-13-2023 ["What is carbon capture, usage and storage (CCUS) and what role can it play in tackling climate change?," available on:  https://www.lse.ac.uk/granthaminstitute/explainers/what-is-carbon-capture-and-storage-and-what-role-can-it-play-in-tackling-climate-change/, accessed:  10-31-2024]rrf

Usage refers to using the captured CO2 to produce c products or services EOR injects CO2 into oil and gas reservoirs to increase extraction majority of projects are for the dedicated storage rather than EOR


Question: EOR injects CO2

Permanent storage is an alternative to EOR.

Serin 23, Esin Serin, Policy Fellow working on UK energy and climate policy with a particular focus on sustainable growth, economic opportunities of net zero and decarbonisation of hard-to-abate sectors. Esin works in collaboration with the LSE’s Centre for Economic Performance (CEP) and is an Associate of the Productive and Inclusive Net Zero (PRINZ) project, London School of Economics, 3-13-2023 ["What is carbon capture, usage and storage (CCUS) and what role can it play in tackling climate change?," available on:  https://www.lse.ac.uk/granthaminstitute/explainers/what-is-carbon-capture-and-storage-and-what-role-can-it-play-in-tackling-climate-change/, accessed:  10-31-2024]rrf

Usage refers to using the captured CO2 to produce c products or services EOR injects CO2 into oil and gas reservoirs to increase extraction majority of projects are for the dedicated storage rather than EOR


Question: CO2 storage instead of EOR

Permanent storage is an alternative to EOR.

Serin 23, Esin Serin, Policy Fellow working on UK energy and climate policy with a particular focus on sustainable growth, economic opportunities of net zero and decarbonisation of hard-to-abate sectors. Esin works in collaboration with the LSE’s Centre for Economic Performance (CEP) and is an Associate of the Productive and Inclusive Net Zero (PRINZ) project, London School of Economics, 3-13-2023 ["What is carbon capture, usage and storage (CCUS) and what role can it play in tackling climate change?," available on:  https://www.lse.ac.uk/granthaminstitute/explainers/what-is-carbon-capture-and-storage-and-what-role-can-it-play-in-tackling-climate-change/, accessed:  10-31-2024]rrf

Usage refers to using the captured CO2 to produce c products or services EOR injects CO2 into oil and gas reservoirs to increase extraction majority of projects are for the dedicated storage rather than EOR


Question: Savior complex causes artificial catastrophes

The ethical injunction to avow the scarred body results in an addiction to a savior complex—causes us to artificially create new ones

Baudrillard 94 (Jean, ex-Prof of Sociology at Paris X, “The Illusion of the End” p. 66-71//shree)

We must denounce the sentimental exploitation of charity cannibalism being worse than oppressive violence material exploitation is only there to extract spiritual raw material that is misery of peopl es which serves as psychological nourishment for our daily lives Other people's destitution becomes our playground efforts to alleviate it secure the conditions of reproduction of the catastrophe market essential to the moral equilibrium of the West But when the catastrophe market reaches crisis point when we run out of disasters from elsewhere the West will be forced to produce its own catastrophe to meet its need for spectacle and that voracious appetite for symbols Artificial catastrophes progress more quickly than natural ones we shall soon be at the pre-programmed catastrophe deliberate and experimental our pursuit of the means for averting catastrophe will take us there . Because it is unable to escape destiny it will stage its own death as a species


Question: Baudrillard 94

The ethical injunction to avow the scarred body results in an addiction to a savior complex—causes us to artificially create new ones

Baudrillard 94 (Jean, ex-Prof of Sociology at Paris X, “The Illusion of the End” p. 66-71//shree)

We must denounce the sentimental exploitation of charity cannibalism being worse than oppressive violence material exploitation is only there to extract spiritual raw material that is misery of peopl es which serves as psychological nourishment for our daily lives Other people's destitution becomes our playground efforts to alleviate it secure the conditions of reproduction of the catastrophe market essential to the moral equilibrium of the West But when the catastrophe market reaches crisis point when we run out of disasters from elsewhere the West will be forced to produce its own catastrophe to meet its need for spectacle and that voracious appetite for symbols Artificial catastrophes progress more quickly than natural ones we shall soon be at the pre-programmed catastrophe deliberate and experimental our pursuit of the means for averting catastrophe will take us there . Because it is unable to escape destiny it will stage its own death as a species


Question: Jean Baudrillard savior complex

The ethical injunction to avow the scarred body results in an addiction to a savior complex—causes us to artificially create new ones

Baudrillard 94 (Jean, ex-Prof of Sociology at Paris X, “The Illusion of the End” p. 66-71//shree)

We must denounce the sentimental exploitation of charity cannibalism being worse than oppressive violence material exploitation is only there to extract spiritual raw material that is misery of peopl es which serves as psychological nourishment for our daily lives Other people's destitution becomes our playground efforts to alleviate it secure the conditions of reproduction of the catastrophe market essential to the moral equilibrium of the West But when the catastrophe market reaches crisis point when we run out of disasters from elsewhere the West will be forced to produce its own catastrophe to meet its need for spectacle and that voracious appetite for symbols Artificial catastrophes progress more quickly than natural ones we shall soon be at the pre-programmed catastrophe deliberate and experimental our pursuit of the means for averting catastrophe will take us there . Because it is unable to escape destiny it will stage its own death as a species


Question: sentimental exploitation of charity

The ethical injunction to avow the scarred body results in an addiction to a savior complex—causes us to artificially create new ones

Baudrillard 94 (Jean, ex-Prof of Sociology at Paris X, “The Illusion of the End” p. 66-71//shree)

We must denounce the sentimental exploitation of charity cannibalism being worse than oppressive violence material exploitation is only there to extract spiritual raw material that is misery of peopl es which serves as psychological nourishment for our daily lives Other people's destitution becomes our playground efforts to alleviate it secure the conditions of reproduction of the catastrophe market essential to the moral equilibrium of the West But when the catastrophe market reaches crisis point when we run out of disasters from elsewhere the West will be forced to produce its own catastrophe to meet its need for spectacle and that voracious appetite for symbols Artificial catastrophes progress more quickly than natural ones we shall soon be at the pre-programmed catastrophe deliberate and experimental our pursuit of the means for averting catastrophe will take us there . Because it is unable to escape destiny it will stage its own death as a species


Question: catastrophe market Baudrillard

The ethical injunction to avow the scarred body results in an addiction to a savior complex—causes us to artificially create new ones

Baudrillard 94 (Jean, ex-Prof of Sociology at Paris X, “The Illusion of the End” p. 66-71//shree)

We must denounce the sentimental exploitation of charity cannibalism being worse than oppressive violence material exploitation is only there to extract spiritual raw material that is misery of peopl es which serves as psychological nourishment for our daily lives Other people's destitution becomes our playground efforts to alleviate it secure the conditions of reproduction of the catastrophe market essential to the moral equilibrium of the West But when the catastrophe market reaches crisis point when we run out of disasters from elsewhere the West will be forced to produce its own catastrophe to meet its need for spectacle and that voracious appetite for symbols Artificial catastrophes progress more quickly than natural ones we shall soon be at the pre-programmed catastrophe deliberate and experimental our pursuit of the means for averting catastrophe will take us there . Because it is unable to escape destiny it will stage its own death as a species


Question: artificial catastrophes progress quickly

The ethical injunction to avow the scarred body results in an addiction to a savior complex—causes us to artificially create new ones

Baudrillard 94 (Jean, ex-Prof of Sociology at Paris X, “The Illusion of the End” p. 66-71//shree)

We must denounce the sentimental exploitation of charity cannibalism being worse than oppressive violence material exploitation is only there to extract spiritual raw material that is misery of peopl es which serves as psychological nourishment for our daily lives Other people's destitution becomes our playground efforts to alleviate it secure the conditions of reproduction of the catastrophe market essential to the moral equilibrium of the West But when the catastrophe market reaches crisis point when we run out of disasters from elsewhere the West will be forced to produce its own catastrophe to meet its need for spectacle and that voracious appetite for symbols Artificial catastrophes progress more quickly than natural ones we shall soon be at the pre-programmed catastrophe deliberate and experimental our pursuit of the means for averting catastrophe will take us there . Because it is unable to escape destiny it will stage its own death as a species


Question: addiction to savior complex

The ethical injunction to avow the scarred body results in an addiction to a savior complex—causes us to artificially create new ones

Baudrillard 94 (Jean, ex-Prof of Sociology at Paris X, “The Illusion of the End” p. 66-71//shree)

We must denounce the sentimental exploitation of charity cannibalism being worse than oppressive violence material exploitation is only there to extract spiritual raw material that is misery of peopl es which serves as psychological nourishment for our daily lives Other people's destitution becomes our playground efforts to alleviate it secure the conditions of reproduction of the catastrophe market essential to the moral equilibrium of the West But when the catastrophe market reaches crisis point when we run out of disasters from elsewhere the West will be forced to produce its own catastrophe to meet its need for spectacle and that voracious appetite for symbols Artificial catastrophes progress more quickly than natural ones we shall soon be at the pre-programmed catastrophe deliberate and experimental our pursuit of the means for averting catastrophe will take us there . Because it is unable to escape destiny it will stage its own death as a species


Question: scarred body avowal ethical injunction

The ethical injunction to avow the scarred body results in an addiction to a savior complex—causes us to artificially create new ones

Baudrillard 94 (Jean, ex-Prof of Sociology at Paris X, “The Illusion of the End” p. 66-71//shree)

We must denounce the sentimental exploitation of charity cannibalism being worse than oppressive violence material exploitation is only there to extract spiritual raw material that is misery of peopl es which serves as psychological nourishment for our daily lives Other people's destitution becomes our playground efforts to alleviate it secure the conditions of reproduction of the catastrophe market essential to the moral equilibrium of the West But when the catastrophe market reaches crisis point when we run out of disasters from elsewhere the West will be forced to produce its own catastrophe to meet its need for spectacle and that voracious appetite for symbols Artificial catastrophes progress more quickly than natural ones we shall soon be at the pre-programmed catastrophe deliberate and experimental our pursuit of the means for averting catastrophe will take us there . Because it is unable to escape destiny it will stage its own death as a species


Question: Settler colonial capitalism domination

Settler colonial capitalism is a system of total domination seeking control of all space place and relations. Genocide prepares space for conquest by controlling or eliminating dissent. Exploitation of space under capitalism then must be constantly reaffirmed through making other ways of being and organizing impossible.

Fortier 15 – B (Craig, Craig Fortier (they/them) is a Tkaronto/Toronto based scholar and community organizer. They have worked as a social worker in housing, youth organizing, and non-profit funding organizations while also organizing with migrant justice, queer/trans*, anti-capitalist, and Indigenous solidarity movements. Currently, they are an associate professor in Social Development Studies at Renison University College (University of Waterloo) “Unsettling Movements: Decolonizing Non-Indigenous Radical Struggles in Settler Colonial States.”) tre4

The history of (de)colonization in the Americas is much older story about the desire and practice of domination and the ways this domination is negotiated and resisted domination always lurks as a possibility for organizing and is reflected in any project of civilization, genocide, displacement, and exploitation This desire for domination seeks to be all encompassing and forms the core logic of capitalism and colonialism capitalism aspires to become a totalizing system of domination, it must continuously expand its reach and cannot allow for the existence of land bases on which people live and practice non-exploitative forms of governance and relationships with the land. Because of the contingent threat of other modes of production alternate ways of organizing need to be consistently attacked, isolated, or erased in order for capitalism to maintain its control as the dominant mode of production. In this sense, Indigenous resistance to the colonization of the Americas is also a struggle against the capitalist mode of production and the logics of domination that maintain the structure of settler colonialism But also an assertion of ways of organizing society and relating to others and the land premised on mutuality and reciprocity a decolonizing lens requires we challenge the linear narratives that pervade Western concepts of history, including those of the political left. Colonialism is the cause of the largest displacement of humans and theft of land the planet has ever known. Nonetheless, at every turn colonialism has been a contested terrain, never capable of achieving its totalizing mission as people resisted, “fighting against land privatization, the abolition of customary rights, the imposition of new taxes, wage-dependence, the continuous presence of armies in their neighborhoods the underlying threat to this process of domination was the possibility to enact relationships of solidarity between those being displaced, enslaved, and dispossessed This would become a recurrent story whereby the potential solidarity was mitigated by the ruling classes through the promise of land and the doctrine of white supremacy


Question: Fortier 15

Settler colonial capitalism is a system of total domination seeking control of all space place and relations. Genocide prepares space for conquest by controlling or eliminating dissent. Exploitation of space under capitalism then must be constantly reaffirmed through making other ways of being and organizing impossible.

Fortier 15 – B (Craig, Craig Fortier (they/them) is a Tkaronto/Toronto based scholar and community organizer. They have worked as a social worker in housing, youth organizing, and non-profit funding organizations while also organizing with migrant justice, queer/trans*, anti-capitalist, and Indigenous solidarity movements. Currently, they are an associate professor in Social Development Studies at Renison University College (University of Waterloo) “Unsettling Movements: Decolonizing Non-Indigenous Radical Struggles in Settler Colonial States.”) tre4

The history of (de)colonization in the Americas is much older story about the desire and practice of domination and the ways this domination is negotiated and resisted domination always lurks as a possibility for organizing and is reflected in any project of civilization, genocide, displacement, and exploitation This desire for domination seeks to be all encompassing and forms the core logic of capitalism and colonialism capitalism aspires to become a totalizing system of domination, it must continuously expand its reach and cannot allow for the existence of land bases on which people live and practice non-exploitative forms of governance and relationships with the land. Because of the contingent threat of other modes of production alternate ways of organizing need to be consistently attacked, isolated, or erased in order for capitalism to maintain its control as the dominant mode of production. In this sense, Indigenous resistance to the colonization of the Americas is also a struggle against the capitalist mode of production and the logics of domination that maintain the structure of settler colonialism But also an assertion of ways of organizing society and relating to others and the land premised on mutuality and reciprocity a decolonizing lens requires we challenge the linear narratives that pervade Western concepts of history, including those of the political left. Colonialism is the cause of the largest displacement of humans and theft of land the planet has ever known. Nonetheless, at every turn colonialism has been a contested terrain, never capable of achieving its totalizing mission as people resisted, “fighting against land privatization, the abolition of customary rights, the imposition of new taxes, wage-dependence, the continuous presence of armies in their neighborhoods the underlying threat to this process of domination was the possibility to enact relationships of solidarity between those being displaced, enslaved, and dispossessed This would become a recurrent story whereby the potential solidarity was mitigated by the ruling classes through the promise of land and the doctrine of white supremacy


Question: settler colonialism total domination

Settler colonial capitalism is a system of total domination seeking control of all space place and relations. Genocide prepares space for conquest by controlling or eliminating dissent. Exploitation of space under capitalism then must be constantly reaffirmed through making other ways of being and organizing impossible.

Fortier 15 – B (Craig, Craig Fortier (they/them) is a Tkaronto/Toronto based scholar and community organizer. They have worked as a social worker in housing, youth organizing, and non-profit funding organizations while also organizing with migrant justice, queer/trans*, anti-capitalist, and Indigenous solidarity movements. Currently, they are an associate professor in Social Development Studies at Renison University College (University of Waterloo) “Unsettling Movements: Decolonizing Non-Indigenous Radical Struggles in Settler Colonial States.”) tre4

The history of (de)colonization in the Americas is much older story about the desire and practice of domination and the ways this domination is negotiated and resisted domination always lurks as a possibility for organizing and is reflected in any project of civilization, genocide, displacement, and exploitation This desire for domination seeks to be all encompassing and forms the core logic of capitalism and colonialism capitalism aspires to become a totalizing system of domination, it must continuously expand its reach and cannot allow for the existence of land bases on which people live and practice non-exploitative forms of governance and relationships with the land. Because of the contingent threat of other modes of production alternate ways of organizing need to be consistently attacked, isolated, or erased in order for capitalism to maintain its control as the dominant mode of production. In this sense, Indigenous resistance to the colonization of the Americas is also a struggle against the capitalist mode of production and the logics of domination that maintain the structure of settler colonialism But also an assertion of ways of organizing society and relating to others and the land premised on mutuality and reciprocity a decolonizing lens requires we challenge the linear narratives that pervade Western concepts of history, including those of the political left. Colonialism is the cause of the largest displacement of humans and theft of land the planet has ever known. Nonetheless, at every turn colonialism has been a contested terrain, never capable of achieving its totalizing mission as people resisted, “fighting against land privatization, the abolition of customary rights, the imposition of new taxes, wage-dependence, the continuous presence of armies in their neighborhoods the underlying threat to this process of domination was the possibility to enact relationships of solidarity between those being displaced, enslaved, and dispossessed This would become a recurrent story whereby the potential solidarity was mitigated by the ruling classes through the promise of land and the doctrine of white supremacy


Question: settler colonialism capitalism

Settler colonial capitalism is a system of total domination seeking control of all space place and relations. Genocide prepares space for conquest by controlling or eliminating dissent. Exploitation of space under capitalism then must be constantly reaffirmed through making other ways of being and organizing impossible.

Fortier 15 – B (Craig, Craig Fortier (they/them) is a Tkaronto/Toronto based scholar and community organizer. They have worked as a social worker in housing, youth organizing, and non-profit funding organizations while also organizing with migrant justice, queer/trans*, anti-capitalist, and Indigenous solidarity movements. Currently, they are an associate professor in Social Development Studies at Renison University College (University of Waterloo) “Unsettling Movements: Decolonizing Non-Indigenous Radical Struggles in Settler Colonial States.”) tre4

The history of (de)colonization in the Americas is much older story about the desire and practice of domination and the ways this domination is negotiated and resisted domination always lurks as a possibility for organizing and is reflected in any project of civilization, genocide, displacement, and exploitation This desire for domination seeks to be all encompassing and forms the core logic of capitalism and colonialism capitalism aspires to become a totalizing system of domination, it must continuously expand its reach and cannot allow for the existence of land bases on which people live and practice non-exploitative forms of governance and relationships with the land. Because of the contingent threat of other modes of production alternate ways of organizing need to be consistently attacked, isolated, or erased in order for capitalism to maintain its control as the dominant mode of production. In this sense, Indigenous resistance to the colonization of the Americas is also a struggle against the capitalist mode of production and the logics of domination that maintain the structure of settler colonialism But also an assertion of ways of organizing society and relating to others and the land premised on mutuality and reciprocity a decolonizing lens requires we challenge the linear narratives that pervade Western concepts of history, including those of the political left. Colonialism is the cause of the largest displacement of humans and theft of land the planet has ever known. Nonetheless, at every turn colonialism has been a contested terrain, never capable of achieving its totalizing mission as people resisted, “fighting against land privatization, the abolition of customary rights, the imposition of new taxes, wage-dependence, the continuous presence of armies in their neighborhoods the underlying threat to this process of domination was the possibility to enact relationships of solidarity between those being displaced, enslaved, and dispossessed This would become a recurrent story whereby the potential solidarity was mitigated by the ruling classes through the promise of land and the doctrine of white supremacy


Question: capitalism totalizing system of domination

Settler colonial capitalism is a system of total domination seeking control of all space place and relations. Genocide prepares space for conquest by controlling or eliminating dissent. Exploitation of space under capitalism then must be constantly reaffirmed through making other ways of being and organizing impossible.

Fortier 15 – B (Craig, Craig Fortier (they/them) is a Tkaronto/Toronto based scholar and community organizer. They have worked as a social worker in housing, youth organizing, and non-profit funding organizations while also organizing with migrant justice, queer/trans*, anti-capitalist, and Indigenous solidarity movements. Currently, they are an associate professor in Social Development Studies at Renison University College (University of Waterloo) “Unsettling Movements: Decolonizing Non-Indigenous Radical Struggles in Settler Colonial States.”) tre4

The history of (de)colonization in the Americas is much older story about the desire and practice of domination and the ways this domination is negotiated and resisted domination always lurks as a possibility for organizing and is reflected in any project of civilization, genocide, displacement, and exploitation This desire for domination seeks to be all encompassing and forms the core logic of capitalism and colonialism capitalism aspires to become a totalizing system of domination, it must continuously expand its reach and cannot allow for the existence of land bases on which people live and practice non-exploitative forms of governance and relationships with the land. Because of the contingent threat of other modes of production alternate ways of organizing need to be consistently attacked, isolated, or erased in order for capitalism to maintain its control as the dominant mode of production. In this sense, Indigenous resistance to the colonization of the Americas is also a struggle against the capitalist mode of production and the logics of domination that maintain the structure of settler colonialism But also an assertion of ways of organizing society and relating to others and the land premised on mutuality and reciprocity a decolonizing lens requires we challenge the linear narratives that pervade Western concepts of history, including those of the political left. Colonialism is the cause of the largest displacement of humans and theft of land the planet has ever known. Nonetheless, at every turn colonialism has been a contested terrain, never capable of achieving its totalizing mission as people resisted, “fighting against land privatization, the abolition of customary rights, the imposition of new taxes, wage-dependence, the continuous presence of armies in their neighborhoods the underlying threat to this process of domination was the possibility to enact relationships of solidarity between those being displaced, enslaved, and dispossessed This would become a recurrent story whereby the potential solidarity was mitigated by the ruling classes through the promise of land and the doctrine of white supremacy


Question: settler colonialism space place relations

Settler colonial capitalism is a system of total domination seeking control of all space place and relations. Genocide prepares space for conquest by controlling or eliminating dissent. Exploitation of space under capitalism then must be constantly reaffirmed through making other ways of being and organizing impossible.

Fortier 15 – B (Craig, Craig Fortier (they/them) is a Tkaronto/Toronto based scholar and community organizer. They have worked as a social worker in housing, youth organizing, and non-profit funding organizations while also organizing with migrant justice, queer/trans*, anti-capitalist, and Indigenous solidarity movements. Currently, they are an associate professor in Social Development Studies at Renison University College (University of Waterloo) “Unsettling Movements: Decolonizing Non-Indigenous Radical Struggles in Settler Colonial States.”) tre4

The history of (de)colonization in the Americas is much older story about the desire and practice of domination and the ways this domination is negotiated and resisted domination always lurks as a possibility for organizing and is reflected in any project of civilization, genocide, displacement, and exploitation This desire for domination seeks to be all encompassing and forms the core logic of capitalism and colonialism capitalism aspires to become a totalizing system of domination, it must continuously expand its reach and cannot allow for the existence of land bases on which people live and practice non-exploitative forms of governance and relationships with the land. Because of the contingent threat of other modes of production alternate ways of organizing need to be consistently attacked, isolated, or erased in order for capitalism to maintain its control as the dominant mode of production. In this sense, Indigenous resistance to the colonization of the Americas is also a struggle against the capitalist mode of production and the logics of domination that maintain the structure of settler colonialism But also an assertion of ways of organizing society and relating to others and the land premised on mutuality and reciprocity a decolonizing lens requires we challenge the linear narratives that pervade Western concepts of history, including those of the political left. Colonialism is the cause of the largest displacement of humans and theft of land the planet has ever known. Nonetheless, at every turn colonialism has been a contested terrain, never capable of achieving its totalizing mission as people resisted, “fighting against land privatization, the abolition of customary rights, the imposition of new taxes, wage-dependence, the continuous presence of armies in their neighborhoods the underlying threat to this process of domination was the possibility to enact relationships of solidarity between those being displaced, enslaved, and dispossessed This would become a recurrent story whereby the potential solidarity was mitigated by the ruling classes through the promise of land and the doctrine of white supremacy


Question: settler colonialism genocide prepares conquest

Settler colonial capitalism is a system of total domination seeking control of all space place and relations. Genocide prepares space for conquest by controlling or eliminating dissent. Exploitation of space under capitalism then must be constantly reaffirmed through making other ways of being and organizing impossible.

Fortier 15 – B (Craig, Craig Fortier (they/them) is a Tkaronto/Toronto based scholar and community organizer. They have worked as a social worker in housing, youth organizing, and non-profit funding organizations while also organizing with migrant justice, queer/trans*, anti-capitalist, and Indigenous solidarity movements. Currently, they are an associate professor in Social Development Studies at Renison University College (University of Waterloo) “Unsettling Movements: Decolonizing Non-Indigenous Radical Struggles in Settler Colonial States.”) tre4

The history of (de)colonization in the Americas is much older story about the desire and practice of domination and the ways this domination is negotiated and resisted domination always lurks as a possibility for organizing and is reflected in any project of civilization, genocide, displacement, and exploitation This desire for domination seeks to be all encompassing and forms the core logic of capitalism and colonialism capitalism aspires to become a totalizing system of domination, it must continuously expand its reach and cannot allow for the existence of land bases on which people live and practice non-exploitative forms of governance and relationships with the land. Because of the contingent threat of other modes of production alternate ways of organizing need to be consistently attacked, isolated, or erased in order for capitalism to maintain its control as the dominant mode of production. In this sense, Indigenous resistance to the colonization of the Americas is also a struggle against the capitalist mode of production and the logics of domination that maintain the structure of settler colonialism But also an assertion of ways of organizing society and relating to others and the land premised on mutuality and reciprocity a decolonizing lens requires we challenge the linear narratives that pervade Western concepts of history, including those of the political left. Colonialism is the cause of the largest displacement of humans and theft of land the planet has ever known. Nonetheless, at every turn colonialism has been a contested terrain, never capable of achieving its totalizing mission as people resisted, “fighting against land privatization, the abolition of customary rights, the imposition of new taxes, wage-dependence, the continuous presence of armies in their neighborhoods the underlying threat to this process of domination was the possibility to enact relationships of solidarity between those being displaced, enslaved, and dispossessed This would become a recurrent story whereby the potential solidarity was mitigated by the ruling classes through the promise of land and the doctrine of white supremacy