Question: grid redundancy

The grid’s fine – resiliency and redundancy check

Geiger, Executive Director Utilities and Smart Grid at Cisco, 16

We’ve all seen the news reports on power grid vulnerabilities let’s fact check some claims Myth #1 : Our power system is aging and outdated Despite their age , utilities every year spend billions of dollars  maintaining and upgrading electric power infrastructure systems to maintain reliability Myth #2: We are unprepared The North American utility industry would  disagree They have spent billions  implementing grid reliability measures Despite having rifle bullets shot into the high voltage transformers not a single customer lost power That’s a result of protections and redundancy that are an integral part of the design of the grid Experiences have led to constant improvements in control systems and design redundancy We continue to learn from each large outage or natural disaster considerable investment , study , and  effort  are being expended to identify vulnerabilities and secure the grid Events like Sandy caused governments to  rethink critical power requirements  and  develop plans humanitarian discourse ‘others’ inhumane weapons through a trope that relies on colonial notions of civilization’ , in which some methods are ‘barbaric.’ humanitarian narrative not apolitical it concentrates on some concerns while not giving focus to others and does not challenge systems of power haunting the policy discussion with unspoken silences , producing tensions with the concerns of other campaigns campaigners often discursively constructed ‘The Global South’ to equate it with opposition to nuc s, subtly excluding states in the South with nuc s ‘Can the subaltern speak?’ when debate is dominated by discourses claiming to represent the subaltern this sets up ‘native informants’ who claim to speak for a mass of silent Others the ‘elite global professional class’ NGO s academics represent the ‘developing world’ to forums of policy making tend to call for policy making within a humanitarian script not for a complete disruption of the politico-military order.


Question: utility industry disagree

The grid’s fine – resiliency and redundancy check

Geiger, Executive Director Utilities and Smart Grid at Cisco, 16

We’ve all seen the news reports on power grid vulnerabilities let’s fact check some claims Myth #1 : Our power system is aging and outdated Despite their age , utilities every year spend billions of dollars  maintaining and upgrading electric power infrastructure systems to maintain reliability Myth #2: We are unprepared The North American utility industry would  disagree They have spent billions  implementing grid reliability measures Despite having rifle bullets shot into the high voltage transformers not a single customer lost power That’s a result of protections and redundancy that are an integral part of the design of the grid Experiences have led to constant improvements in control systems and design redundancy We continue to learn from each large outage or natural disaster considerable investment , study , and  effort  are being expended to identify vulnerabilities and secure the grid Events like Sandy caused governments to  rethink critical power requirements  and  develop plans humanitarian discourse ‘others’ inhumane weapons through a trope that relies on colonial notions of civilization’ , in which some methods are ‘barbaric.’ humanitarian narrative not apolitical it concentrates on some concerns while not giving focus to others and does not challenge systems of power haunting the policy discussion with unspoken silences , producing tensions with the concerns of other campaigns campaigners often discursively constructed ‘The Global South’ to equate it with opposition to nuc s, subtly excluding states in the South with nuc s ‘Can the subaltern speak?’ when debate is dominated by discourses claiming to represent the subaltern this sets up ‘native informants’ who claim to speak for a mass of silent Others the ‘elite global professional class’ NGO s academics represent the ‘developing world’ to forums of policy making tend to call for policy making within a humanitarian script not for a complete disruption of the politico-military order.


Question: electric power infrastructure systems

The grid’s fine – resiliency and redundancy check

Geiger, Executive Director Utilities and Smart Grid at Cisco, 16

We’ve all seen the news reports on power grid vulnerabilities let’s fact check some claims Myth #1 : Our power system is aging and outdated Despite their age , utilities every year spend billions of dollars  maintaining and upgrading electric power infrastructure systems to maintain reliability Myth #2: We are unprepared The North American utility industry would  disagree They have spent billions  implementing grid reliability measures Despite having rifle bullets shot into the high voltage transformers not a single customer lost power That’s a result of protections and redundancy that are an integral part of the design of the grid Experiences have led to constant improvements in control systems and design redundancy We continue to learn from each large outage or natural disaster considerable investment , study , and  effort  are being expended to identify vulnerabilities and secure the grid Events like Sandy caused governments to  rethink critical power requirements  and  develop plans humanitarian discourse ‘others’ inhumane weapons through a trope that relies on colonial notions of civilization’ , in which some methods are ‘barbaric.’ humanitarian narrative not apolitical it concentrates on some concerns while not giving focus to others and does not challenge systems of power haunting the policy discussion with unspoken silences , producing tensions with the concerns of other campaigns campaigners often discursively constructed ‘The Global South’ to equate it with opposition to nuc s, subtly excluding states in the South with nuc s ‘Can the subaltern speak?’ when debate is dominated by discourses claiming to represent the subaltern this sets up ‘native informants’ who claim to speak for a mass of silent Others the ‘elite global professional class’ NGO s academics represent the ‘developing world’ to forums of policy making tend to call for policy making within a humanitarian script not for a complete disruption of the politico-military order.


Question: Admin state fails

Admin state fails.

Beek ’22 [Michael Van; July 23; Director of Research for the Mackinac Center for Public Policy, The Hill, “Pandemic failures expose problems of the administrative state,” https://thehill.com/opinion/healthcare/3570569-pandemic-failures-expose-problems-of-the-administrative-state/]

many blunders expose inherent problems of admin state bureaucrats went along with whatever highlights shortcoming highly susceptible to groupthink no mech s to ensure opposing viewpoints are heard it is disastrous standard procedure admin operate in bubble where bad ideas receive no pushback officials disconnected from reality issue arbitrary orders they are susceptible to special interest s


Question: Beek 22

Admin state fails.

Beek ’22 [Michael Van; July 23; Director of Research for the Mackinac Center for Public Policy, The Hill, “Pandemic failures expose problems of the administrative state,” https://thehill.com/opinion/healthcare/3570569-pandemic-failures-expose-problems-of-the-administrative-state/]

many blunders expose inherent problems of admin state bureaucrats went along with whatever highlights shortcoming highly susceptible to groupthink no mech s to ensure opposing viewpoints are heard it is disastrous standard procedure admin operate in bubble where bad ideas receive no pushback officials disconnected from reality issue arbitrary orders they are susceptible to special interest s


Question: Michael Van Beek

Admin state fails.

Beek ’22 [Michael Van; July 23; Director of Research for the Mackinac Center for Public Policy, The Hill, “Pandemic failures expose problems of the administrative state,” https://thehill.com/opinion/healthcare/3570569-pandemic-failures-expose-problems-of-the-administrative-state/]

many blunders expose inherent problems of admin state bureaucrats went along with whatever highlights shortcoming highly susceptible to groupthink no mech s to ensure opposing viewpoints are heard it is disastrous standard procedure admin operate in bubble where bad ideas receive no pushback officials disconnected from reality issue arbitrary orders they are susceptible to special interest s


Question: failures of admin state

Admin state fails.

Beek ’22 [Michael Van; July 23; Director of Research for the Mackinac Center for Public Policy, The Hill, “Pandemic failures expose problems of the administrative state,” https://thehill.com/opinion/healthcare/3570569-pandemic-failures-expose-problems-of-the-administrative-state/]

many blunders expose inherent problems of admin state bureaucrats went along with whatever highlights shortcoming highly susceptible to groupthink no mech s to ensure opposing viewpoints are heard it is disastrous standard procedure admin operate in bubble where bad ideas receive no pushback officials disconnected from reality issue arbitrary orders they are susceptible to special interest s


Question: administrative state groupthink

Admin state fails.

Beek ’22 [Michael Van; July 23; Director of Research for the Mackinac Center for Public Policy, The Hill, “Pandemic failures expose problems of the administrative state,” https://thehill.com/opinion/healthcare/3570569-pandemic-failures-expose-problems-of-the-administrative-state/]

many blunders expose inherent problems of admin state bureaucrats went along with whatever highlights shortcoming highly susceptible to groupthink no mech s to ensure opposing viewpoints are heard it is disastrous standard procedure admin operate in bubble where bad ideas receive no pushback officials disconnected from reality issue arbitrary orders they are susceptible to special interest s


Question: bureaucrats susceptible to groupthink

Admin state fails.

Beek ’22 [Michael Van; July 23; Director of Research for the Mackinac Center for Public Policy, The Hill, “Pandemic failures expose problems of the administrative state,” https://thehill.com/opinion/healthcare/3570569-pandemic-failures-expose-problems-of-the-administrative-state/]

many blunders expose inherent problems of admin state bureaucrats went along with whatever highlights shortcoming highly susceptible to groupthink no mech s to ensure opposing viewpoints are heard it is disastrous standard procedure admin operate in bubble where bad ideas receive no pushback officials disconnected from reality issue arbitrary orders they are susceptible to special interest s


Question: officials disconnected from reality

Admin state fails.

Beek ’22 [Michael Van; July 23; Director of Research for the Mackinac Center for Public Policy, The Hill, “Pandemic failures expose problems of the administrative state,” https://thehill.com/opinion/healthcare/3570569-pandemic-failures-expose-problems-of-the-administrative-state/]

many blunders expose inherent problems of admin state bureaucrats went along with whatever highlights shortcoming highly susceptible to groupthink no mech s to ensure opposing viewpoints are heard it is disastrous standard procedure admin operate in bubble where bad ideas receive no pushback officials disconnected from reality issue arbitrary orders they are susceptible to special interest s


Question: logistic resistance through the state

Logistic resistance through the state is key

Abraham DeLeon 12, Ph.D. Curriculum and Instruction, University of Connecticut, M.A. History, University of Connecticut, Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Leadership & Policy Studies, University of Texas at San Antonio, “Against the Grain of the Status Quo: Anarchism behind Enemy Lines”, Chapter 17 in “Anarchist Pedagogies”, http://rebels-library.org/files/anarchistpedagogies.pdf //hhb (go dawgs)

Infiltration operating behind enemy lines can be tactic when thinking about current institutional realities institutional Cracks have emerged through  decades of war and imperial aggression by the West . It is under these conditions resistance needs to be conceptualized exploiting “cracks demonstrates dated narratives of revolutionary struggle are no longer viable  these may reproduce the current order Sabotage is a tactic anarchists need to rethink  How do we deal with contradictions of being located within institutions that seek to discipline bodies How do we sabotage these machines Anarchists should think about the idea of infiltration as guiding to think about praxis within institutional realities  always looking for cracks radicals may think of this as “selling out,” I want to reframe  working within institutions as infiltration machine will continue to produce disciplined fractured subject unless they are subverted the State is invested in destroying social movements State agents have a tremendous amount of authority vestiges from our protest past seem wholly inadequate Despite this reality for some of us privileged enough to theorize about issues, this can be a place to build political strategies that are adaptable


Question: Abraham DeLeon

Logistic resistance through the state is key

Abraham DeLeon 12, Ph.D. Curriculum and Instruction, University of Connecticut, M.A. History, University of Connecticut, Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Leadership & Policy Studies, University of Texas at San Antonio, “Against the Grain of the Status Quo: Anarchism behind Enemy Lines”, Chapter 17 in “Anarchist Pedagogies”, http://rebels-library.org/files/anarchistpedagogies.pdf //hhb (go dawgs)

Infiltration operating behind enemy lines can be tactic when thinking about current institutional realities institutional Cracks have emerged through  decades of war and imperial aggression by the West . It is under these conditions resistance needs to be conceptualized exploiting “cracks demonstrates dated narratives of revolutionary struggle are no longer viable  these may reproduce the current order Sabotage is a tactic anarchists need to rethink  How do we deal with contradictions of being located within institutions that seek to discipline bodies How do we sabotage these machines Anarchists should think about the idea of infiltration as guiding to think about praxis within institutional realities  always looking for cracks radicals may think of this as “selling out,” I want to reframe  working within institutions as infiltration machine will continue to produce disciplined fractured subject unless they are subverted the State is invested in destroying social movements State agents have a tremendous amount of authority vestiges from our protest past seem wholly inadequate Despite this reality for some of us privileged enough to theorize about issues, this can be a place to build political strategies that are adaptable


Question: DeLeon 12

Logistic resistance through the state is key

Abraham DeLeon 12, Ph.D. Curriculum and Instruction, University of Connecticut, M.A. History, University of Connecticut, Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Leadership & Policy Studies, University of Texas at San Antonio, “Against the Grain of the Status Quo: Anarchism behind Enemy Lines”, Chapter 17 in “Anarchist Pedagogies”, http://rebels-library.org/files/anarchistpedagogies.pdf //hhb (go dawgs)

Infiltration operating behind enemy lines can be tactic when thinking about current institutional realities institutional Cracks have emerged through  decades of war and imperial aggression by the West . It is under these conditions resistance needs to be conceptualized exploiting “cracks demonstrates dated narratives of revolutionary struggle are no longer viable  these may reproduce the current order Sabotage is a tactic anarchists need to rethink  How do we deal with contradictions of being located within institutions that seek to discipline bodies How do we sabotage these machines Anarchists should think about the idea of infiltration as guiding to think about praxis within institutional realities  always looking for cracks radicals may think of this as “selling out,” I want to reframe  working within institutions as infiltration machine will continue to produce disciplined fractured subject unless they are subverted the State is invested in destroying social movements State agents have a tremendous amount of authority vestiges from our protest past seem wholly inadequate Despite this reality for some of us privileged enough to theorize about issues, this can be a place to build political strategies that are adaptable


Question: anarchism behind enemy lines

Logistic resistance through the state is key

Abraham DeLeon 12, Ph.D. Curriculum and Instruction, University of Connecticut, M.A. History, University of Connecticut, Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Leadership & Policy Studies, University of Texas at San Antonio, “Against the Grain of the Status Quo: Anarchism behind Enemy Lines”, Chapter 17 in “Anarchist Pedagogies”, http://rebels-library.org/files/anarchistpedagogies.pdf //hhb (go dawgs)

Infiltration operating behind enemy lines can be tactic when thinking about current institutional realities institutional Cracks have emerged through  decades of war and imperial aggression by the West . It is under these conditions resistance needs to be conceptualized exploiting “cracks demonstrates dated narratives of revolutionary struggle are no longer viable  these may reproduce the current order Sabotage is a tactic anarchists need to rethink  How do we deal with contradictions of being located within institutions that seek to discipline bodies How do we sabotage these machines Anarchists should think about the idea of infiltration as guiding to think about praxis within institutional realities  always looking for cracks radicals may think of this as “selling out,” I want to reframe  working within institutions as infiltration machine will continue to produce disciplined fractured subject unless they are subverted the State is invested in destroying social movements State agents have a tremendous amount of authority vestiges from our protest past seem wholly inadequate Despite this reality for some of us privileged enough to theorize about issues, this can be a place to build political strategies that are adaptable


Question: infiltration tactic

Logistic resistance through the state is key

Abraham DeLeon 12, Ph.D. Curriculum and Instruction, University of Connecticut, M.A. History, University of Connecticut, Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Leadership & Policy Studies, University of Texas at San Antonio, “Against the Grain of the Status Quo: Anarchism behind Enemy Lines”, Chapter 17 in “Anarchist Pedagogies”, http://rebels-library.org/files/anarchistpedagogies.pdf //hhb (go dawgs)

Infiltration operating behind enemy lines can be tactic when thinking about current institutional realities institutional Cracks have emerged through  decades of war and imperial aggression by the West . It is under these conditions resistance needs to be conceptualized exploiting “cracks demonstrates dated narratives of revolutionary struggle are no longer viable  these may reproduce the current order Sabotage is a tactic anarchists need to rethink  How do we deal with contradictions of being located within institutions that seek to discipline bodies How do we sabotage these machines Anarchists should think about the idea of infiltration as guiding to think about praxis within institutional realities  always looking for cracks radicals may think of this as “selling out,” I want to reframe  working within institutions as infiltration machine will continue to produce disciplined fractured subject unless they are subverted the State is invested in destroying social movements State agents have a tremendous amount of authority vestiges from our protest past seem wholly inadequate Despite this reality for some of us privileged enough to theorize about issues, this can be a place to build political strategies that are adaptable


Question: sabotage institutions

Logistic resistance through the state is key

Abraham DeLeon 12, Ph.D. Curriculum and Instruction, University of Connecticut, M.A. History, University of Connecticut, Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Leadership & Policy Studies, University of Texas at San Antonio, “Against the Grain of the Status Quo: Anarchism behind Enemy Lines”, Chapter 17 in “Anarchist Pedagogies”, http://rebels-library.org/files/anarchistpedagogies.pdf //hhb (go dawgs)

Infiltration operating behind enemy lines can be tactic when thinking about current institutional realities institutional Cracks have emerged through  decades of war and imperial aggression by the West . It is under these conditions resistance needs to be conceptualized exploiting “cracks demonstrates dated narratives of revolutionary struggle are no longer viable  these may reproduce the current order Sabotage is a tactic anarchists need to rethink  How do we deal with contradictions of being located within institutions that seek to discipline bodies How do we sabotage these machines Anarchists should think about the idea of infiltration as guiding to think about praxis within institutional realities  always looking for cracks radicals may think of this as “selling out,” I want to reframe  working within institutions as infiltration machine will continue to produce disciplined fractured subject unless they are subverted the State is invested in destroying social movements State agents have a tremendous amount of authority vestiges from our protest past seem wholly inadequate Despite this reality for some of us privileged enough to theorize about issues, this can be a place to build political strategies that are adaptable


Question: resistance needs to be conceptualized

Logistic resistance through the state is key

Abraham DeLeon 12, Ph.D. Curriculum and Instruction, University of Connecticut, M.A. History, University of Connecticut, Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Leadership & Policy Studies, University of Texas at San Antonio, “Against the Grain of the Status Quo: Anarchism behind Enemy Lines”, Chapter 17 in “Anarchist Pedagogies”, http://rebels-library.org/files/anarchistpedagogies.pdf //hhb (go dawgs)

Infiltration operating behind enemy lines can be tactic when thinking about current institutional realities institutional Cracks have emerged through  decades of war and imperial aggression by the West . It is under these conditions resistance needs to be conceptualized exploiting “cracks demonstrates dated narratives of revolutionary struggle are no longer viable  these may reproduce the current order Sabotage is a tactic anarchists need to rethink  How do we deal with contradictions of being located within institutions that seek to discipline bodies How do we sabotage these machines Anarchists should think about the idea of infiltration as guiding to think about praxis within institutional realities  always looking for cracks radicals may think of this as “selling out,” I want to reframe  working within institutions as infiltration machine will continue to produce disciplined fractured subject unless they are subverted the State is invested in destroying social movements State agents have a tremendous amount of authority vestiges from our protest past seem wholly inadequate Despite this reality for some of us privileged enough to theorize about issues, this can be a place to build political strategies that are adaptable


Question: Forest energy hurts black communities

Forest Energy devastates black and indigenous communities.

Cunliffe 22, Fellow at Island Institute, worked with the National Parks Service, Appalachian Trail Conservancy, and Dogwood Alliance, (Brianna, Forests as Fuel? An Investigation of Biomass’ Role in a Just Energy Transition , https://digitalcommons.bowdoin.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1333&context=honorsprojects)

forests of the Southeastern U S are being logged at four times the rate of the Amazon to fuel a wood pellet industry that has grown tenfold Biomass giants process timber in plants sited in low income communities of color the ecological damage emissions and pollutants generated by biomass are enormously consequence  to environmental justice biomass position themselves as innovative champions of renewable energy proposed facilities promise 10 jobs in exchange for hazardous volatile compounds, nitrous oxides, dust, and noise in a company where facilities fail to install required pollution controls costs concentrated in communities where Black and Indigenous people and other people of color and low-income residents already bear disproportionately high burdens of toxins activists frame biomass complicit in environmental racism and extractivism activists fight against biomass


Question: Cunliffe 22

Forest Energy devastates black and indigenous communities.

Cunliffe 22, Fellow at Island Institute, worked with the National Parks Service, Appalachian Trail Conservancy, and Dogwood Alliance, (Brianna, Forests as Fuel? An Investigation of Biomass’ Role in a Just Energy Transition , https://digitalcommons.bowdoin.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1333&context=honorsprojects)

forests of the Southeastern U S are being logged at four times the rate of the Amazon to fuel a wood pellet industry that has grown tenfold Biomass giants process timber in plants sited in low income communities of color the ecological damage emissions and pollutants generated by biomass are enormously consequence  to environmental justice biomass position themselves as innovative champions of renewable energy proposed facilities promise 10 jobs in exchange for hazardous volatile compounds, nitrous oxides, dust, and noise in a company where facilities fail to install required pollution controls costs concentrated in communities where Black and Indigenous people and other people of color and low-income residents already bear disproportionately high burdens of toxins activists frame biomass complicit in environmental racism and extractivism activists fight against biomass


Question: Brianna Cunliffe

Forest Energy devastates black and indigenous communities.

Cunliffe 22, Fellow at Island Institute, worked with the National Parks Service, Appalachian Trail Conservancy, and Dogwood Alliance, (Brianna, Forests as Fuel? An Investigation of Biomass’ Role in a Just Energy Transition , https://digitalcommons.bowdoin.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1333&context=honorsprojects)

forests of the Southeastern U S are being logged at four times the rate of the Amazon to fuel a wood pellet industry that has grown tenfold Biomass giants process timber in plants sited in low income communities of color the ecological damage emissions and pollutants generated by biomass are enormously consequence  to environmental justice biomass position themselves as innovative champions of renewable energy proposed facilities promise 10 jobs in exchange for hazardous volatile compounds, nitrous oxides, dust, and noise in a company where facilities fail to install required pollution controls costs concentrated in communities where Black and Indigenous people and other people of color and low-income residents already bear disproportionately high burdens of toxins activists frame biomass complicit in environmental racism and extractivism activists fight against biomass


Question: wood pellet industry environmental racism

Forest Energy devastates black and indigenous communities.

Cunliffe 22, Fellow at Island Institute, worked with the National Parks Service, Appalachian Trail Conservancy, and Dogwood Alliance, (Brianna, Forests as Fuel? An Investigation of Biomass’ Role in a Just Energy Transition , https://digitalcommons.bowdoin.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1333&context=honorsprojects)

forests of the Southeastern U S are being logged at four times the rate of the Amazon to fuel a wood pellet industry that has grown tenfold Biomass giants process timber in plants sited in low income communities of color the ecological damage emissions and pollutants generated by biomass are enormously consequence  to environmental justice biomass position themselves as innovative champions of renewable energy proposed facilities promise 10 jobs in exchange for hazardous volatile compounds, nitrous oxides, dust, and noise in a company where facilities fail to install required pollution controls costs concentrated in communities where Black and Indigenous people and other people of color and low-income residents already bear disproportionately high burdens of toxins activists frame biomass complicit in environmental racism and extractivism activists fight against biomass


Question: biomass giants low income communities

Forest Energy devastates black and indigenous communities.

Cunliffe 22, Fellow at Island Institute, worked with the National Parks Service, Appalachian Trail Conservancy, and Dogwood Alliance, (Brianna, Forests as Fuel? An Investigation of Biomass’ Role in a Just Energy Transition , https://digitalcommons.bowdoin.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1333&context=honorsprojects)

forests of the Southeastern U S are being logged at four times the rate of the Amazon to fuel a wood pellet industry that has grown tenfold Biomass giants process timber in plants sited in low income communities of color the ecological damage emissions and pollutants generated by biomass are enormously consequence  to environmental justice biomass position themselves as innovative champions of renewable energy proposed facilities promise 10 jobs in exchange for hazardous volatile compounds, nitrous oxides, dust, and noise in a company where facilities fail to install required pollution controls costs concentrated in communities where Black and Indigenous people and other people of color and low-income residents already bear disproportionately high burdens of toxins activists frame biomass complicit in environmental racism and extractivism activists fight against biomass


Question: forests logged four times Amazon

Forest Energy devastates black and indigenous communities.

Cunliffe 22, Fellow at Island Institute, worked with the National Parks Service, Appalachian Trail Conservancy, and Dogwood Alliance, (Brianna, Forests as Fuel? An Investigation of Biomass’ Role in a Just Energy Transition , https://digitalcommons.bowdoin.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1333&context=honorsprojects)

forests of the Southeastern U S are being logged at four times the rate of the Amazon to fuel a wood pellet industry that has grown tenfold Biomass giants process timber in plants sited in low income communities of color the ecological damage emissions and pollutants generated by biomass are enormously consequence  to environmental justice biomass position themselves as innovative champions of renewable energy proposed facilities promise 10 jobs in exchange for hazardous volatile compounds, nitrous oxides, dust, and noise in a company where facilities fail to install required pollution controls costs concentrated in communities where Black and Indigenous people and other people of color and low-income residents already bear disproportionately high burdens of toxins activists frame biomass complicit in environmental racism and extractivism activists fight against biomass


Question: Forest energy environmental justice

Forest Energy devastates black and indigenous communities.

Cunliffe 22, Fellow at Island Institute, worked with the National Parks Service, Appalachian Trail Conservancy, and Dogwood Alliance, (Brianna, Forests as Fuel? An Investigation of Biomass’ Role in a Just Energy Transition , https://digitalcommons.bowdoin.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1333&context=honorsprojects)

forests of the Southeastern U S are being logged at four times the rate of the Amazon to fuel a wood pellet industry that has grown tenfold Biomass giants process timber in plants sited in low income communities of color the ecological damage emissions and pollutants generated by biomass are enormously consequence  to environmental justice biomass position themselves as innovative champions of renewable energy proposed facilities promise 10 jobs in exchange for hazardous volatile compounds, nitrous oxides, dust, and noise in a company where facilities fail to install required pollution controls costs concentrated in communities where Black and Indigenous people and other people of color and low-income residents already bear disproportionately high burdens of toxins activists frame biomass complicit in environmental racism and extractivism activists fight against biomass


Question: elites will crush movement

“Elites will crush the movement” accepts failure before trying — multiple examples prove global movements are possible and coming now.

Tavan '21 [Luca; 3/7/21; writer for Red Flag; "Worldwide revolution is possible and necessary," https://redflag.org.au/article/worldwide-revolution-possible-and-necessary/]

In 2011, a Tunisian street vendor inspired protests across the Arab world tapped into resentment that spread to inspire Occupy to 80 countries Today insurgent social movements and working-class uprisings are spurring action Russia actually proves it’s possible news of workers seizing power created shock waves across the planet The Bolsheviks organised to spread revolt established the Communist International to clarify strategy for overthrowing capitalism workers came close revolution can seem like a pipe dream . Defenders of the s quo work to reinforce this illusion . But history proves crises the system generates are international , and will provoke resistance The most important thing is organising for it today


Question: Tavan 2021

“Elites will crush the movement” accepts failure before trying — multiple examples prove global movements are possible and coming now.

Tavan '21 [Luca; 3/7/21; writer for Red Flag; "Worldwide revolution is possible and necessary," https://redflag.org.au/article/worldwide-revolution-possible-and-necessary/]

In 2011, a Tunisian street vendor inspired protests across the Arab world tapped into resentment that spread to inspire Occupy to 80 countries Today insurgent social movements and working-class uprisings are spurring action Russia actually proves it’s possible news of workers seizing power created shock waves across the planet The Bolsheviks organised to spread revolt established the Communist International to clarify strategy for overthrowing capitalism workers came close revolution can seem like a pipe dream . Defenders of the s quo work to reinforce this illusion . But history proves crises the system generates are international , and will provoke resistance The most important thing is organising for it today


Question: Luca Tavan Red Flag

“Elites will crush the movement” accepts failure before trying — multiple examples prove global movements are possible and coming now.

Tavan '21 [Luca; 3/7/21; writer for Red Flag; "Worldwide revolution is possible and necessary," https://redflag.org.au/article/worldwide-revolution-possible-and-necessary/]

In 2011, a Tunisian street vendor inspired protests across the Arab world tapped into resentment that spread to inspire Occupy to 80 countries Today insurgent social movements and working-class uprisings are spurring action Russia actually proves it’s possible news of workers seizing power created shock waves across the planet The Bolsheviks organised to spread revolt established the Communist International to clarify strategy for overthrowing capitalism workers came close revolution can seem like a pipe dream . Defenders of the s quo work to reinforce this illusion . But history proves crises the system generates are international , and will provoke resistance The most important thing is organising for it today


Question: worldwide revolution possible

“Elites will crush the movement” accepts failure before trying — multiple examples prove global movements are possible and coming now.

Tavan '21 [Luca; 3/7/21; writer for Red Flag; "Worldwide revolution is possible and necessary," https://redflag.org.au/article/worldwide-revolution-possible-and-necessary/]

In 2011, a Tunisian street vendor inspired protests across the Arab world tapped into resentment that spread to inspire Occupy to 80 countries Today insurgent social movements and working-class uprisings are spurring action Russia actually proves it’s possible news of workers seizing power created shock waves across the planet The Bolsheviks organised to spread revolt established the Communist International to clarify strategy for overthrowing capitalism workers came close revolution can seem like a pipe dream . Defenders of the s quo work to reinforce this illusion . But history proves crises the system generates are international , and will provoke resistance The most important thing is organising for it today


Question: history proves resistance

“Elites will crush the movement” accepts failure before trying — multiple examples prove global movements are possible and coming now.

Tavan '21 [Luca; 3/7/21; writer for Red Flag; "Worldwide revolution is possible and necessary," https://redflag.org.au/article/worldwide-revolution-possible-and-necessary/]

In 2011, a Tunisian street vendor inspired protests across the Arab world tapped into resentment that spread to inspire Occupy to 80 countries Today insurgent social movements and working-class uprisings are spurring action Russia actually proves it’s possible news of workers seizing power created shock waves across the planet The Bolsheviks organised to spread revolt established the Communist International to clarify strategy for overthrowing capitalism workers came close revolution can seem like a pipe dream . Defenders of the s quo work to reinforce this illusion . But history proves crises the system generates are international , and will provoke resistance The most important thing is organising for it today


Question: 2011 Tunisian street vendor

“Elites will crush the movement” accepts failure before trying — multiple examples prove global movements are possible and coming now.

Tavan '21 [Luca; 3/7/21; writer for Red Flag; "Worldwide revolution is possible and necessary," https://redflag.org.au/article/worldwide-revolution-possible-and-necessary/]

In 2011, a Tunisian street vendor inspired protests across the Arab world tapped into resentment that spread to inspire Occupy to 80 countries Today insurgent social movements and working-class uprisings are spurring action Russia actually proves it’s possible news of workers seizing power created shock waves across the planet The Bolsheviks organised to spread revolt established the Communist International to clarify strategy for overthrowing capitalism workers came close revolution can seem like a pipe dream . Defenders of the s quo work to reinforce this illusion . But history proves crises the system generates are international , and will provoke resistance The most important thing is organising for it today


Question: Organizing today is important

“Elites will crush the movement” accepts failure before trying — multiple examples prove global movements are possible and coming now.

Tavan '21 [Luca; 3/7/21; writer for Red Flag; "Worldwide revolution is possible and necessary," https://redflag.org.au/article/worldwide-revolution-possible-and-necessary/]

In 2011, a Tunisian street vendor inspired protests across the Arab world tapped into resentment that spread to inspire Occupy to 80 countries Today insurgent social movements and working-class uprisings are spurring action Russia actually proves it’s possible news of workers seizing power created shock waves across the planet The Bolsheviks organised to spread revolt established the Communist International to clarify strategy for overthrowing capitalism workers came close revolution can seem like a pipe dream . Defenders of the s quo work to reinforce this illusion . But history proves crises the system generates are international , and will provoke resistance The most important thing is organising for it today


Question: Capitalism is unsustainable

Capitalism is unsustainable. That enables a slew of existential societal and environmental downsides including climate change, inequality, resource wars, food insecurity, fungal pathogens, pandemics, and others. Extinction. The alternative is a planned economy. It’s mutually exclusive.

Dr. Charles Fletcher et al. 4-2, PhD, Interim Dean, School of Ocean & Earth Science & Technology, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa; Dr. William J. Ripple, PhD, Professor, Ecology, Oregon State University; Michael Wilson, Associate Justice, Hawaii Supreme Court, "Earth At Risk: An Urgent Call to End the Age of Destruction and Forge a Just and Sustainable Future," PNAS Nexus, Vol. 3, pg. 1-12, 04/02/2024, OUP. //JDi [italics in original]

development ushered in converging  crises : climate change disease and inequality shift  must replace exploitative, wealth-oriented capital sustainability elevates well-being climate crisis underway GHG set a  new  record heat waves wildfires megadrought and ecosystem pushed to its breaking investment in clean energy lead to more coal nat gas , an oil than is  compatible  with limiting heating prioritizes  resource extraction influencing trade , politic s , and econ frameworks reliance on  extractive practices result is  catastrophic threatens biodiversity loss disease values must protect well-being fallout catastrophic more than twice fossil fuels 1.5°C pledges not credible emissions  are  underreported decreasing storage biophysical instability abrupt destabilizing change including ecosystems systems pillars of life tip” into irreversible productivity through breeding , monocultures , fertilizers  and  pesticides not solved food insecurity  which has been  aggravated while  spreading diseases depletes soil fertilizer-related emissions projected to grow renewable energy will  not address  the problem Policies are needed that replace the extractive model  with one that  emphasizes sustainability to  prevent catastrophic heating requires a  shift in economic structures must  shift from wealth to sustainability as a goal


Question: Dr. Charles Fletcher

Capitalism is unsustainable. That enables a slew of existential societal and environmental downsides including climate change, inequality, resource wars, food insecurity, fungal pathogens, pandemics, and others. Extinction. The alternative is a planned economy. It’s mutually exclusive.

Dr. Charles Fletcher et al. 4-2, PhD, Interim Dean, School of Ocean & Earth Science & Technology, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa; Dr. William J. Ripple, PhD, Professor, Ecology, Oregon State University; Michael Wilson, Associate Justice, Hawaii Supreme Court, "Earth At Risk: An Urgent Call to End the Age of Destruction and Forge a Just and Sustainable Future," PNAS Nexus, Vol. 3, pg. 1-12, 04/02/2024, OUP. //JDi [italics in original]

development ushered in converging  crises : climate change disease and inequality shift  must replace exploitative, wealth-oriented capital sustainability elevates well-being climate crisis underway GHG set a  new  record heat waves wildfires megadrought and ecosystem pushed to its breaking investment in clean energy lead to more coal nat gas , an oil than is  compatible  with limiting heating prioritizes  resource extraction influencing trade , politic s , and econ frameworks reliance on  extractive practices result is  catastrophic threatens biodiversity loss disease values must protect well-being fallout catastrophic more than twice fossil fuels 1.5°C pledges not credible emissions  are  underreported decreasing storage biophysical instability abrupt destabilizing change including ecosystems systems pillars of life tip” into irreversible productivity through breeding , monocultures , fertilizers  and  pesticides not solved food insecurity  which has been  aggravated while  spreading diseases depletes soil fertilizer-related emissions projected to grow renewable energy will  not address  the problem Policies are needed that replace the extractive model  with one that  emphasizes sustainability to  prevent catastrophic heating requires a  shift in economic structures must  shift from wealth to sustainability as a goal


Question: planned economy better

Capitalism is unsustainable. That enables a slew of existential societal and environmental downsides including climate change, inequality, resource wars, food insecurity, fungal pathogens, pandemics, and others. Extinction. The alternative is a planned economy. It’s mutually exclusive.

Dr. Charles Fletcher et al. 4-2, PhD, Interim Dean, School of Ocean & Earth Science & Technology, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa; Dr. William J. Ripple, PhD, Professor, Ecology, Oregon State University; Michael Wilson, Associate Justice, Hawaii Supreme Court, "Earth At Risk: An Urgent Call to End the Age of Destruction and Forge a Just and Sustainable Future," PNAS Nexus, Vol. 3, pg. 1-12, 04/02/2024, OUP. //JDi [italics in original]

development ushered in converging  crises : climate change disease and inequality shift  must replace exploitative, wealth-oriented capital sustainability elevates well-being climate crisis underway GHG set a  new  record heat waves wildfires megadrought and ecosystem pushed to its breaking investment in clean energy lead to more coal nat gas , an oil than is  compatible  with limiting heating prioritizes  resource extraction influencing trade , politic s , and econ frameworks reliance on  extractive practices result is  catastrophic threatens biodiversity loss disease values must protect well-being fallout catastrophic more than twice fossil fuels 1.5°C pledges not credible emissions  are  underreported decreasing storage biophysical instability abrupt destabilizing change including ecosystems systems pillars of life tip” into irreversible productivity through breeding , monocultures , fertilizers  and  pesticides not solved food insecurity  which has been  aggravated while  spreading diseases depletes soil fertilizer-related emissions projected to grow renewable energy will  not address  the problem Policies are needed that replace the extractive model  with one that  emphasizes sustainability to  prevent catastrophic heating requires a  shift in economic structures must  shift from wealth to sustainability as a goal


Question: Capitalism causes climate change

Capitalism is unsustainable. That enables a slew of existential societal and environmental downsides including climate change, inequality, resource wars, food insecurity, fungal pathogens, pandemics, and others. Extinction. The alternative is a planned economy. It’s mutually exclusive.

Dr. Charles Fletcher et al. 4-2, PhD, Interim Dean, School of Ocean & Earth Science & Technology, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa; Dr. William J. Ripple, PhD, Professor, Ecology, Oregon State University; Michael Wilson, Associate Justice, Hawaii Supreme Court, "Earth At Risk: An Urgent Call to End the Age of Destruction and Forge a Just and Sustainable Future," PNAS Nexus, Vol. 3, pg. 1-12, 04/02/2024, OUP. //JDi [italics in original]

development ushered in converging  crises : climate change disease and inequality shift  must replace exploitative, wealth-oriented capital sustainability elevates well-being climate crisis underway GHG set a  new  record heat waves wildfires megadrought and ecosystem pushed to its breaking investment in clean energy lead to more coal nat gas , an oil than is  compatible  with limiting heating prioritizes  resource extraction influencing trade , politic s , and econ frameworks reliance on  extractive practices result is  catastrophic threatens biodiversity loss disease values must protect well-being fallout catastrophic more than twice fossil fuels 1.5°C pledges not credible emissions  are  underreported decreasing storage biophysical instability abrupt destabilizing change including ecosystems systems pillars of life tip” into irreversible productivity through breeding , monocultures , fertilizers  and  pesticides not solved food insecurity  which has been  aggravated while  spreading diseases depletes soil fertilizer-related emissions projected to grow renewable energy will  not address  the problem Policies are needed that replace the extractive model  with one that  emphasizes sustainability to  prevent catastrophic heating requires a  shift in economic structures must  shift from wealth to sustainability as a goal


Question: extractive model bad

Capitalism is unsustainable. That enables a slew of existential societal and environmental downsides including climate change, inequality, resource wars, food insecurity, fungal pathogens, pandemics, and others. Extinction. The alternative is a planned economy. It’s mutually exclusive.

Dr. Charles Fletcher et al. 4-2, PhD, Interim Dean, School of Ocean & Earth Science & Technology, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa; Dr. William J. Ripple, PhD, Professor, Ecology, Oregon State University; Michael Wilson, Associate Justice, Hawaii Supreme Court, "Earth At Risk: An Urgent Call to End the Age of Destruction and Forge a Just and Sustainable Future," PNAS Nexus, Vol. 3, pg. 1-12, 04/02/2024, OUP. //JDi [italics in original]

development ushered in converging  crises : climate change disease and inequality shift  must replace exploitative, wealth-oriented capital sustainability elevates well-being climate crisis underway GHG set a  new  record heat waves wildfires megadrought and ecosystem pushed to its breaking investment in clean energy lead to more coal nat gas , an oil than is  compatible  with limiting heating prioritizes  resource extraction influencing trade , politic s , and econ frameworks reliance on  extractive practices result is  catastrophic threatens biodiversity loss disease values must protect well-being fallout catastrophic more than twice fossil fuels 1.5°C pledges not credible emissions  are  underreported decreasing storage biophysical instability abrupt destabilizing change including ecosystems systems pillars of life tip” into irreversible productivity through breeding , monocultures , fertilizers  and  pesticides not solved food insecurity  which has been  aggravated while  spreading diseases depletes soil fertilizer-related emissions projected to grow renewable energy will  not address  the problem Policies are needed that replace the extractive model  with one that  emphasizes sustainability to  prevent catastrophic heating requires a  shift in economic structures must  shift from wealth to sustainability as a goal


Question: wealth to sustainability

Capitalism is unsustainable. That enables a slew of existential societal and environmental downsides including climate change, inequality, resource wars, food insecurity, fungal pathogens, pandemics, and others. Extinction. The alternative is a planned economy. It’s mutually exclusive.

Dr. Charles Fletcher et al. 4-2, PhD, Interim Dean, School of Ocean & Earth Science & Technology, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa; Dr. William J. Ripple, PhD, Professor, Ecology, Oregon State University; Michael Wilson, Associate Justice, Hawaii Supreme Court, "Earth At Risk: An Urgent Call to End the Age of Destruction and Forge a Just and Sustainable Future," PNAS Nexus, Vol. 3, pg. 1-12, 04/02/2024, OUP. //JDi [italics in original]

development ushered in converging  crises : climate change disease and inequality shift  must replace exploitative, wealth-oriented capital sustainability elevates well-being climate crisis underway GHG set a  new  record heat waves wildfires megadrought and ecosystem pushed to its breaking investment in clean energy lead to more coal nat gas , an oil than is  compatible  with limiting heating prioritizes  resource extraction influencing trade , politic s , and econ frameworks reliance on  extractive practices result is  catastrophic threatens biodiversity loss disease values must protect well-being fallout catastrophic more than twice fossil fuels 1.5°C pledges not credible emissions  are  underreported decreasing storage biophysical instability abrupt destabilizing change including ecosystems systems pillars of life tip” into irreversible productivity through breeding , monocultures , fertilizers  and  pesticides not solved food insecurity  which has been  aggravated while  spreading diseases depletes soil fertilizer-related emissions projected to grow renewable energy will  not address  the problem Policies are needed that replace the extractive model  with one that  emphasizes sustainability to  prevent catastrophic heating requires a  shift in economic structures must  shift from wealth to sustainability as a goal


Question: Capitalism causes extinction

Capitalism is unsustainable. That enables a slew of existential societal and environmental downsides including climate change, inequality, resource wars, food insecurity, fungal pathogens, pandemics, and others. Extinction. The alternative is a planned economy. It’s mutually exclusive.

Dr. Charles Fletcher et al. 4-2, PhD, Interim Dean, School of Ocean & Earth Science & Technology, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa; Dr. William J. Ripple, PhD, Professor, Ecology, Oregon State University; Michael Wilson, Associate Justice, Hawaii Supreme Court, "Earth At Risk: An Urgent Call to End the Age of Destruction and Forge a Just and Sustainable Future," PNAS Nexus, Vol. 3, pg. 1-12, 04/02/2024, OUP. //JDi [italics in original]

development ushered in converging  crises : climate change disease and inequality shift  must replace exploitative, wealth-oriented capital sustainability elevates well-being climate crisis underway GHG set a  new  record heat waves wildfires megadrought and ecosystem pushed to its breaking investment in clean energy lead to more coal nat gas , an oil than is  compatible  with limiting heating prioritizes  resource extraction influencing trade , politic s , and econ frameworks reliance on  extractive practices result is  catastrophic threatens biodiversity loss disease values must protect well-being fallout catastrophic more than twice fossil fuels 1.5°C pledges not credible emissions  are  underreported decreasing storage biophysical instability abrupt destabilizing change including ecosystems systems pillars of life tip” into irreversible productivity through breeding , monocultures , fertilizers  and  pesticides not solved food insecurity  which has been  aggravated while  spreading diseases depletes soil fertilizer-related emissions projected to grow renewable energy will  not address  the problem Policies are needed that replace the extractive model  with one that  emphasizes sustainability to  prevent catastrophic heating requires a  shift in economic structures must  shift from wealth to sustainability as a goal


Question: forces fed maintain price stability

It forces the Fed to maintain price stability, ie. rate hikes.

Irene Lauro 22, Environmental Economist; Schroders, 2/15/22, “What net zero means for inflation,” https://www.schroders.com/en-us/us/individual/insights/what-net-zero-means-for-inflation/

Carbon tax will lead to inflationary pressures more pronounced for econ largely rely on fossil fuels transition radical transformation generate demand and supply imbalances a trigger for large investment stimulus Higher prices force central banks to preserve price stability


Question: Irene Lauro 22

It forces the Fed to maintain price stability, ie. rate hikes.

Irene Lauro 22, Environmental Economist; Schroders, 2/15/22, “What net zero means for inflation,” https://www.schroders.com/en-us/us/individual/insights/what-net-zero-means-for-inflation/

Carbon tax will lead to inflationary pressures more pronounced for econ largely rely on fossil fuels transition radical transformation generate demand and supply imbalances a trigger for large investment stimulus Higher prices force central banks to preserve price stability


Question: carbon tax inflationary pressures

It forces the Fed to maintain price stability, ie. rate hikes.

Irene Lauro 22, Environmental Economist; Schroders, 2/15/22, “What net zero means for inflation,” https://www.schroders.com/en-us/us/individual/insights/what-net-zero-means-for-inflation/

Carbon tax will lead to inflationary pressures more pronounced for econ largely rely on fossil fuels transition radical transformation generate demand and supply imbalances a trigger for large investment stimulus Higher prices force central banks to preserve price stability


Question: Schroders net zero inflation

It forces the Fed to maintain price stability, ie. rate hikes.

Irene Lauro 22, Environmental Economist; Schroders, 2/15/22, “What net zero means for inflation,” https://www.schroders.com/en-us/us/individual/insights/what-net-zero-means-for-inflation/

Carbon tax will lead to inflationary pressures more pronounced for econ largely rely on fossil fuels transition radical transformation generate demand and supply imbalances a trigger for large investment stimulus Higher prices force central banks to preserve price stability


Question: Central banks preserve price stability

It forces the Fed to maintain price stability, ie. rate hikes.

Irene Lauro 22, Environmental Economist; Schroders, 2/15/22, “What net zero means for inflation,” https://www.schroders.com/en-us/us/individual/insights/what-net-zero-means-for-inflation/

Carbon tax will lead to inflationary pressures more pronounced for econ largely rely on fossil fuels transition radical transformation generate demand and supply imbalances a trigger for large investment stimulus Higher prices force central banks to preserve price stability


Question: net zero inflationary

It forces the Fed to maintain price stability, ie. rate hikes.

Irene Lauro 22, Environmental Economist; Schroders, 2/15/22, “What net zero means for inflation,” https://www.schroders.com/en-us/us/individual/insights/what-net-zero-means-for-inflation/

Carbon tax will lead to inflationary pressures more pronounced for econ largely rely on fossil fuels transition radical transformation generate demand and supply imbalances a trigger for large investment stimulus Higher prices force central banks to preserve price stability


Question: carbon tax causes inflation

It forces the Fed to maintain price stability, ie. rate hikes.

Irene Lauro 22, Environmental Economist; Schroders, 2/15/22, “What net zero means for inflation,” https://www.schroders.com/en-us/us/individual/insights/what-net-zero-means-for-inflation/

Carbon tax will lead to inflationary pressures more pronounced for econ largely rely on fossil fuels transition radical transformation generate demand and supply imbalances a trigger for large investment stimulus Higher prices force central banks to preserve price stability


Question: rate hikes for price stability

It forces the Fed to maintain price stability, ie. rate hikes.

Irene Lauro 22, Environmental Economist; Schroders, 2/15/22, “What net zero means for inflation,” https://www.schroders.com/en-us/us/individual/insights/what-net-zero-means-for-inflation/

Carbon tax will lead to inflationary pressures more pronounced for econ largely rely on fossil fuels transition radical transformation generate demand and supply imbalances a trigger for large investment stimulus Higher prices force central banks to preserve price stability


Question: CBA climate leadership bad

Including a CBA turns climate leadership – developing countries view it as unfair and it sparks WTO disputes.

Wang 21, *and **, Institute of Energy, Environment and Economy, Tsinghua University, ***School of Public Policy and Management, Tsinghua University, †Institute of Climate Change and Sustainable Development, Tsinghua University (*Hailin, **Xiaodan Huang, ***Xiaofan Zhao, †Jiankun He. “Key global climate governance problems and Chinese countermeasures” Chinese Journal of Population, Resources, and Environment, Volume 19, Issue 2, June 2021, Pages 125-132, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2325426221000917#sec5) rose

b c a is counterproductive to countries realizing emission reduction targets but will also lead to a new round of trade disputes This is conducive neither to international climate governance nor advancing global cooperation on climate


Question: Wang 21

Including a CBA turns climate leadership – developing countries view it as unfair and it sparks WTO disputes.

Wang 21, *and **, Institute of Energy, Environment and Economy, Tsinghua University, ***School of Public Policy and Management, Tsinghua University, †Institute of Climate Change and Sustainable Development, Tsinghua University (*Hailin, **Xiaodan Huang, ***Xiaofan Zhao, †Jiankun He. “Key global climate governance problems and Chinese countermeasures” Chinese Journal of Population, Resources, and Environment, Volume 19, Issue 2, June 2021, Pages 125-132, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2325426221000917#sec5) rose

b c a is counterproductive to countries realizing emission reduction targets but will also lead to a new round of trade disputes This is conducive neither to international climate governance nor advancing global cooperation on climate


Question: CBA turns climate leadership

Including a CBA turns climate leadership – developing countries view it as unfair and it sparks WTO disputes.

Wang 21, *and **, Institute of Energy, Environment and Economy, Tsinghua University, ***School of Public Policy and Management, Tsinghua University, †Institute of Climate Change and Sustainable Development, Tsinghua University (*Hailin, **Xiaodan Huang, ***Xiaofan Zhao, †Jiankun He. “Key global climate governance problems and Chinese countermeasures” Chinese Journal of Population, Resources, and Environment, Volume 19, Issue 2, June 2021, Pages 125-132, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2325426221000917#sec5) rose

b c a is counterproductive to countries realizing emission reduction targets but will also lead to a new round of trade disputes This is conducive neither to international climate governance nor advancing global cooperation on climate


Question: climate leadership developing countries

Including a CBA turns climate leadership – developing countries view it as unfair and it sparks WTO disputes.

Wang 21, *and **, Institute of Energy, Environment and Economy, Tsinghua University, ***School of Public Policy and Management, Tsinghua University, †Institute of Climate Change and Sustainable Development, Tsinghua University (*Hailin, **Xiaodan Huang, ***Xiaofan Zhao, †Jiankun He. “Key global climate governance problems and Chinese countermeasures” Chinese Journal of Population, Resources, and Environment, Volume 19, Issue 2, June 2021, Pages 125-132, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2325426221000917#sec5) rose

b c a is counterproductive to countries realizing emission reduction targets but will also lead to a new round of trade disputes This is conducive neither to international climate governance nor advancing global cooperation on climate


Question: CBA WTO disputes

Including a CBA turns climate leadership – developing countries view it as unfair and it sparks WTO disputes.

Wang 21, *and **, Institute of Energy, Environment and Economy, Tsinghua University, ***School of Public Policy and Management, Tsinghua University, †Institute of Climate Change and Sustainable Development, Tsinghua University (*Hailin, **Xiaodan Huang, ***Xiaofan Zhao, †Jiankun He. “Key global climate governance problems and Chinese countermeasures” Chinese Journal of Population, Resources, and Environment, Volume 19, Issue 2, June 2021, Pages 125-132, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2325426221000917#sec5) rose

b c a is counterproductive to countries realizing emission reduction targets but will also lead to a new round of trade disputes This is conducive neither to international climate governance nor advancing global cooperation on climate


Question: trade disputes

Including a CBA turns climate leadership – developing countries view it as unfair and it sparks WTO disputes.

Wang 21, *and **, Institute of Energy, Environment and Economy, Tsinghua University, ***School of Public Policy and Management, Tsinghua University, †Institute of Climate Change and Sustainable Development, Tsinghua University (*Hailin, **Xiaodan Huang, ***Xiaofan Zhao, †Jiankun He. “Key global climate governance problems and Chinese countermeasures” Chinese Journal of Population, Resources, and Environment, Volume 19, Issue 2, June 2021, Pages 125-132, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2325426221000917#sec5) rose

b c a is counterproductive to countries realizing emission reduction targets but will also lead to a new round of trade disputes This is conducive neither to international climate governance nor advancing global cooperation on climate


Question: global climate governance problems

Including a CBA turns climate leadership – developing countries view it as unfair and it sparks WTO disputes.

Wang 21, *and **, Institute of Energy, Environment and Economy, Tsinghua University, ***School of Public Policy and Management, Tsinghua University, †Institute of Climate Change and Sustainable Development, Tsinghua University (*Hailin, **Xiaodan Huang, ***Xiaofan Zhao, †Jiankun He. “Key global climate governance problems and Chinese countermeasures” Chinese Journal of Population, Resources, and Environment, Volume 19, Issue 2, June 2021, Pages 125-132, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2325426221000917#sec5) rose

b c a is counterproductive to countries realizing emission reduction targets but will also lead to a new round of trade disputes This is conducive neither to international climate governance nor advancing global cooperation on climate


Question: Business confidence not relevant

Business confidence is NOT relevant for growth

Doll 16 – Bob Doll, Chief Equity Strategist at Nuveen Asset Management, “Despite Lackluster Growth, Equities Remain Attractive”, Financial Advisor, 8-9, http://www.fa-mag.com/news/despite-lackluster-growth--equities-remain-attractive-28409.html

Tailwinds such as improving labor low rates counteract low business confidence crosscurrents will persist Despite Risks the Economy Remains Resilient investors have contended with a number of issues Brexit instability elections global monetary policy low business confidence and o il prices Yet continue to be resilient recovery will continue especially in the U S


Question: Doll 16

Business confidence is NOT relevant for growth

Doll 16 – Bob Doll, Chief Equity Strategist at Nuveen Asset Management, “Despite Lackluster Growth, Equities Remain Attractive”, Financial Advisor, 8-9, http://www.fa-mag.com/news/despite-lackluster-growth--equities-remain-attractive-28409.html

Tailwinds such as improving labor low rates counteract low business confidence crosscurrents will persist Despite Risks the Economy Remains Resilient investors have contended with a number of issues Brexit instability elections global monetary policy low business confidence and o il prices Yet continue to be resilient recovery will continue especially in the U S


Question: Bob Doll

Business confidence is NOT relevant for growth

Doll 16 – Bob Doll, Chief Equity Strategist at Nuveen Asset Management, “Despite Lackluster Growth, Equities Remain Attractive”, Financial Advisor, 8-9, http://www.fa-mag.com/news/despite-lackluster-growth--equities-remain-attractive-28409.html

Tailwinds such as improving labor low rates counteract low business confidence crosscurrents will persist Despite Risks the Economy Remains Resilient investors have contended with a number of issues Brexit instability elections global monetary policy low business confidence and o il prices Yet continue to be resilient recovery will continue especially in the U S


Question: low rates counteract business confidence

Business confidence is NOT relevant for growth

Doll 16 – Bob Doll, Chief Equity Strategist at Nuveen Asset Management, “Despite Lackluster Growth, Equities Remain Attractive”, Financial Advisor, 8-9, http://www.fa-mag.com/news/despite-lackluster-growth--equities-remain-attractive-28409.html

Tailwinds such as improving labor low rates counteract low business confidence crosscurrents will persist Despite Risks the Economy Remains Resilient investors have contended with a number of issues Brexit instability elections global monetary policy low business confidence and o il prices Yet continue to be resilient recovery will continue especially in the U S


Question: economy remains resilient

Business confidence is NOT relevant for growth

Doll 16 – Bob Doll, Chief Equity Strategist at Nuveen Asset Management, “Despite Lackluster Growth, Equities Remain Attractive”, Financial Advisor, 8-9, http://www.fa-mag.com/news/despite-lackluster-growth--equities-remain-attractive-28409.html

Tailwinds such as improving labor low rates counteract low business confidence crosscurrents will persist Despite Risks the Economy Remains Resilient investors have contended with a number of issues Brexit instability elections global monetary policy low business confidence and o il prices Yet continue to be resilient recovery will continue especially in the U S


Question: equities remain attractive

Business confidence is NOT relevant for growth

Doll 16 – Bob Doll, Chief Equity Strategist at Nuveen Asset Management, “Despite Lackluster Growth, Equities Remain Attractive”, Financial Advisor, 8-9, http://www.fa-mag.com/news/despite-lackluster-growth--equities-remain-attractive-28409.html

Tailwinds such as improving labor low rates counteract low business confidence crosscurrents will persist Despite Risks the Economy Remains Resilient investors have contended with a number of issues Brexit instability elections global monetary policy low business confidence and o il prices Yet continue to be resilient recovery will continue especially in the U S


Question: growth equity

Business confidence is NOT relevant for growth

Doll 16 – Bob Doll, Chief Equity Strategist at Nuveen Asset Management, “Despite Lackluster Growth, Equities Remain Attractive”, Financial Advisor, 8-9, http://www.fa-mag.com/news/despite-lackluster-growth--equities-remain-attractive-28409.html

Tailwinds such as improving labor low rates counteract low business confidence crosscurrents will persist Despite Risks the Economy Remains Resilient investors have contended with a number of issues Brexit instability elections global monetary policy low business confidence and o il prices Yet continue to be resilient recovery will continue especially in the U S


Question: market signal trashed by fossil fuel

The plan’s market signal is trashed by fossil fuel subsidies

Green 21 [Jessica Green, Associate Professor of Political Science at the University of Toronto, with a cross appointment at the School of Environment. She holds a PhD from the School of Public and International Affairs at Princeton University, May 2021 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1758-5899.12920]

pricing cannot establish  clear market signals long as fossil fuel subs create countervailing neg  price . subsi amounted to 5.2 trillion in 17 Subs render price of carbon below zero


Question: Green 21 fossil fuel subsidies

The plan’s market signal is trashed by fossil fuel subsidies

Green 21 [Jessica Green, Associate Professor of Political Science at the University of Toronto, with a cross appointment at the School of Environment. She holds a PhD from the School of Public and International Affairs at Princeton University, May 2021 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1758-5899.12920]

pricing cannot establish  clear market signals long as fossil fuel subs create countervailing neg  price . subsi amounted to 5.2 trillion in 17 Subs render price of carbon below zero


Question: fossil fuel subsidies neg price

The plan’s market signal is trashed by fossil fuel subsidies

Green 21 [Jessica Green, Associate Professor of Political Science at the University of Toronto, with a cross appointment at the School of Environment. She holds a PhD from the School of Public and International Affairs at Princeton University, May 2021 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1758-5899.12920]

pricing cannot establish  clear market signals long as fossil fuel subs create countervailing neg  price . subsi amounted to 5.2 trillion in 17 Subs render price of carbon below zero


Question: fossil fuel subsidies market signals

The plan’s market signal is trashed by fossil fuel subsidies

Green 21 [Jessica Green, Associate Professor of Political Science at the University of Toronto, with a cross appointment at the School of Environment. She holds a PhD from the School of Public and International Affairs at Princeton University, May 2021 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1758-5899.12920]

pricing cannot establish  clear market signals long as fossil fuel subs create countervailing neg  price . subsi amounted to 5.2 trillion in 17 Subs render price of carbon below zero


Question: fossil fuel subsidies carbon pricing

The plan’s market signal is trashed by fossil fuel subsidies

Green 21 [Jessica Green, Associate Professor of Political Science at the University of Toronto, with a cross appointment at the School of Environment. She holds a PhD from the School of Public and International Affairs at Princeton University, May 2021 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1758-5899.12920]

pricing cannot establish  clear market signals long as fossil fuel subs create countervailing neg  price . subsi amounted to 5.2 trillion in 17 Subs render price of carbon below zero


Question: carbon price below zero

The plan’s market signal is trashed by fossil fuel subsidies

Green 21 [Jessica Green, Associate Professor of Political Science at the University of Toronto, with a cross appointment at the School of Environment. She holds a PhD from the School of Public and International Affairs at Princeton University, May 2021 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1758-5899.12920]

pricing cannot establish  clear market signals long as fossil fuel subs create countervailing neg  price . subsi amounted to 5.2 trillion in 17 Subs render price of carbon below zero


Question: pricing cannot establish clear market signals

The plan’s market signal is trashed by fossil fuel subsidies

Green 21 [Jessica Green, Associate Professor of Political Science at the University of Toronto, with a cross appointment at the School of Environment. She holds a PhD from the School of Public and International Affairs at Princeton University, May 2021 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1758-5899.12920]

pricing cannot establish  clear market signals long as fossil fuel subs create countervailing neg  price . subsi amounted to 5.2 trillion in 17 Subs render price of carbon below zero


Question: fossil fuel subsidies 5.2 trillion

The plan’s market signal is trashed by fossil fuel subsidies

Green 21 [Jessica Green, Associate Professor of Political Science at the University of Toronto, with a cross appointment at the School of Environment. She holds a PhD from the School of Public and International Affairs at Princeton University, May 2021 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1758-5899.12920]

pricing cannot establish  clear market signals long as fossil fuel subs create countervailing neg  price . subsi amounted to 5.2 trillion in 17 Subs render price of carbon below zero


Question: revenue shortfalls nuclear selloffs

Revenue shortfalls cause nuclear selloffs---leads to prolif, nuke terror, and Middle East war.

Toby Dalton 21, PhD, MA, co-director and a senior fellow of the Nuclear Policy Program @ Carnegie, 4/15/2021, "The Most Urgent North Korean Nuclear Threat Isn’t What You Think", Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, https://carnegieendowment.org/2021/04/15/most-urgent-north-korean-nuclear-threat-isn-t-what-you-think-pub-84335

No Ko is increasingly reliant on cyber attacks to generate revenue The most likely outgrowth  of No Ko ’s need for cash is an increase in other dangerous behavior No Ko ’s prolif rap sheet is long Pakistan Egypt Libya Yemen Syria No Ko is not known to have transferred sensitive nuclear tech missiles weapon designs, equipment or tech or materials increasingly desperate for cash Kim could risk sales to the Mid East including terrorist s Israel would take preemptive action Israel regularly carries out strikes in Syria No Ko prolif yields a new nuclear state or catalyzes a wider conflict in the Mid East


Question: Toby Dalton 21

Revenue shortfalls cause nuclear selloffs---leads to prolif, nuke terror, and Middle East war.

Toby Dalton 21, PhD, MA, co-director and a senior fellow of the Nuclear Policy Program @ Carnegie, 4/15/2021, "The Most Urgent North Korean Nuclear Threat Isn’t What You Think", Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, https://carnegieendowment.org/2021/04/15/most-urgent-north-korean-nuclear-threat-isn-t-what-you-think-pub-84335

No Ko is increasingly reliant on cyber attacks to generate revenue The most likely outgrowth  of No Ko ’s need for cash is an increase in other dangerous behavior No Ko ’s prolif rap sheet is long Pakistan Egypt Libya Yemen Syria No Ko is not known to have transferred sensitive nuclear tech missiles weapon designs, equipment or tech or materials increasingly desperate for cash Kim could risk sales to the Mid East including terrorist s Israel would take preemptive action Israel regularly carries out strikes in Syria No Ko prolif yields a new nuclear state or catalyzes a wider conflict in the Mid East


Question: North Korea sell nuclear weapons

Revenue shortfalls cause nuclear selloffs---leads to prolif, nuke terror, and Middle East war.

Toby Dalton 21, PhD, MA, co-director and a senior fellow of the Nuclear Policy Program @ Carnegie, 4/15/2021, "The Most Urgent North Korean Nuclear Threat Isn’t What You Think", Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, https://carnegieendowment.org/2021/04/15/most-urgent-north-korean-nuclear-threat-isn-t-what-you-think-pub-84335

No Ko is increasingly reliant on cyber attacks to generate revenue The most likely outgrowth  of No Ko ’s need for cash is an increase in other dangerous behavior No Ko ’s prolif rap sheet is long Pakistan Egypt Libya Yemen Syria No Ko is not known to have transferred sensitive nuclear tech missiles weapon designs, equipment or tech or materials increasingly desperate for cash Kim could risk sales to the Mid East including terrorist s Israel would take preemptive action Israel regularly carries out strikes in Syria No Ko prolif yields a new nuclear state or catalyzes a wider conflict in the Mid East


Question: North Korea proliferation Pakistan Egypt

Revenue shortfalls cause nuclear selloffs---leads to prolif, nuke terror, and Middle East war.

Toby Dalton 21, PhD, MA, co-director and a senior fellow of the Nuclear Policy Program @ Carnegie, 4/15/2021, "The Most Urgent North Korean Nuclear Threat Isn’t What You Think", Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, https://carnegieendowment.org/2021/04/15/most-urgent-north-korean-nuclear-threat-isn-t-what-you-think-pub-84335

No Ko is increasingly reliant on cyber attacks to generate revenue The most likely outgrowth  of No Ko ’s need for cash is an increase in other dangerous behavior No Ko ’s prolif rap sheet is long Pakistan Egypt Libya Yemen Syria No Ko is not known to have transferred sensitive nuclear tech missiles weapon designs, equipment or tech or materials increasingly desperate for cash Kim could risk sales to the Mid East including terrorist s Israel would take preemptive action Israel regularly carries out strikes in Syria No Ko prolif yields a new nuclear state or catalyzes a wider conflict in the Mid East


Question: No Ko sell nukes Middle East war

Revenue shortfalls cause nuclear selloffs---leads to prolif, nuke terror, and Middle East war.

Toby Dalton 21, PhD, MA, co-director and a senior fellow of the Nuclear Policy Program @ Carnegie, 4/15/2021, "The Most Urgent North Korean Nuclear Threat Isn’t What You Think", Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, https://carnegieendowment.org/2021/04/15/most-urgent-north-korean-nuclear-threat-isn-t-what-you-think-pub-84335

No Ko is increasingly reliant on cyber attacks to generate revenue The most likely outgrowth  of No Ko ’s need for cash is an increase in other dangerous behavior No Ko ’s prolif rap sheet is long Pakistan Egypt Libya Yemen Syria No Ko is not known to have transferred sensitive nuclear tech missiles weapon designs, equipment or tech or materials increasingly desperate for cash Kim could risk sales to the Mid East including terrorist s Israel would take preemptive action Israel regularly carries out strikes in Syria No Ko prolif yields a new nuclear state or catalyzes a wider conflict in the Mid East


Question: North Korea sell nukes increase

Revenue shortfalls cause nuclear selloffs---leads to prolif, nuke terror, and Middle East war.

Toby Dalton 21, PhD, MA, co-director and a senior fellow of the Nuclear Policy Program @ Carnegie, 4/15/2021, "The Most Urgent North Korean Nuclear Threat Isn’t What You Think", Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, https://carnegieendowment.org/2021/04/15/most-urgent-north-korean-nuclear-threat-isn-t-what-you-think-pub-84335

No Ko is increasingly reliant on cyber attacks to generate revenue The most likely outgrowth  of No Ko ’s need for cash is an increase in other dangerous behavior No Ko ’s prolif rap sheet is long Pakistan Egypt Libya Yemen Syria No Ko is not known to have transferred sensitive nuclear tech missiles weapon designs, equipment or tech or materials increasingly desperate for cash Kim could risk sales to the Mid East including terrorist s Israel would take preemptive action Israel regularly carries out strikes in Syria No Ko prolif yields a new nuclear state or catalyzes a wider conflict in the Mid East


Question: North Korea cyber attacks revenue

Revenue shortfalls cause nuclear selloffs---leads to prolif, nuke terror, and Middle East war.

Toby Dalton 21, PhD, MA, co-director and a senior fellow of the Nuclear Policy Program @ Carnegie, 4/15/2021, "The Most Urgent North Korean Nuclear Threat Isn’t What You Think", Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, https://carnegieendowment.org/2021/04/15/most-urgent-north-korean-nuclear-threat-isn-t-what-you-think-pub-84335

No Ko is increasingly reliant on cyber attacks to generate revenue The most likely outgrowth  of No Ko ’s need for cash is an increase in other dangerous behavior No Ko ’s prolif rap sheet is long Pakistan Egypt Libya Yemen Syria No Ko is not known to have transferred sensitive nuclear tech missiles weapon designs, equipment or tech or materials increasingly desperate for cash Kim could risk sales to the Mid East including terrorist s Israel would take preemptive action Israel regularly carries out strikes in Syria No Ko prolif yields a new nuclear state or catalyzes a wider conflict in the Mid East


Question: Kim risk sales to Mid East

Revenue shortfalls cause nuclear selloffs---leads to prolif, nuke terror, and Middle East war.

Toby Dalton 21, PhD, MA, co-director and a senior fellow of the Nuclear Policy Program @ Carnegie, 4/15/2021, "The Most Urgent North Korean Nuclear Threat Isn’t What You Think", Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, https://carnegieendowment.org/2021/04/15/most-urgent-north-korean-nuclear-threat-isn-t-what-you-think-pub-84335

No Ko is increasingly reliant on cyber attacks to generate revenue The most likely outgrowth  of No Ko ’s need for cash is an increase in other dangerous behavior No Ko ’s prolif rap sheet is long Pakistan Egypt Libya Yemen Syria No Ko is not known to have transferred sensitive nuclear tech missiles weapon designs, equipment or tech or materials increasingly desperate for cash Kim could risk sales to the Mid East including terrorist s Israel would take preemptive action Israel regularly carries out strikes in Syria No Ko prolif yields a new nuclear state or catalyzes a wider conflict in the Mid East


Question: aviation carbon tax grand bargain

5_ Turn: Aviation Carbon tax is a grand bargain that spurs bipartisan compromise

Rooney 23 — Laurence Francis Rooney III is an American politician and diplomat who was a U.S. representative for Florida's 19th congressional district from 2017 to 2021. A Republican, he served as the U.S. ambassador to the Holy See from 2005 until 2008. Francis Rooney. “The Unexpected Climate Policy That Could Tackle Both National Debt and China.” Politico, 10/26/2023, https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2023/10/26/climate-polity-china-us-00123510 //WMK

Democrats want to address climate Republicans want to tackle debt soaring national debt, and China could create a new alignment of interests  that make politics click as lawmakers grapple with dire fiscal outlook carbon pricing  could be a bipartisan “grand bargain” deal , where conservatives claim  significant reductions in deficit and liberals tout  a major climate policy achievement


Question: Rooney 23

5_ Turn: Aviation Carbon tax is a grand bargain that spurs bipartisan compromise

Rooney 23 — Laurence Francis Rooney III is an American politician and diplomat who was a U.S. representative for Florida's 19th congressional district from 2017 to 2021. A Republican, he served as the U.S. ambassador to the Holy See from 2005 until 2008. Francis Rooney. “The Unexpected Climate Policy That Could Tackle Both National Debt and China.” Politico, 10/26/2023, https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2023/10/26/climate-polity-china-us-00123510 //WMK

Democrats want to address climate Republicans want to tackle debt soaring national debt, and China could create a new alignment of interests  that make politics click as lawmakers grapple with dire fiscal outlook carbon pricing  could be a bipartisan “grand bargain” deal , where conservatives claim  significant reductions in deficit and liberals tout  a major climate policy achievement


Question: Laurence Francis Rooney III

5_ Turn: Aviation Carbon tax is a grand bargain that spurs bipartisan compromise

Rooney 23 — Laurence Francis Rooney III is an American politician and diplomat who was a U.S. representative for Florida's 19th congressional district from 2017 to 2021. A Republican, he served as the U.S. ambassador to the Holy See from 2005 until 2008. Francis Rooney. “The Unexpected Climate Policy That Could Tackle Both National Debt and China.” Politico, 10/26/2023, https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2023/10/26/climate-polity-china-us-00123510 //WMK

Democrats want to address climate Republicans want to tackle debt soaring national debt, and China could create a new alignment of interests  that make politics click as lawmakers grapple with dire fiscal outlook carbon pricing  could be a bipartisan “grand bargain” deal , where conservatives claim  significant reductions in deficit and liberals tout  a major climate policy achievement


Question: bipartisan climate compromise

5_ Turn: Aviation Carbon tax is a grand bargain that spurs bipartisan compromise

Rooney 23 — Laurence Francis Rooney III is an American politician and diplomat who was a U.S. representative for Florida's 19th congressional district from 2017 to 2021. A Republican, he served as the U.S. ambassador to the Holy See from 2005 until 2008. Francis Rooney. “The Unexpected Climate Policy That Could Tackle Both National Debt and China.” Politico, 10/26/2023, https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2023/10/26/climate-polity-china-us-00123510 //WMK

Democrats want to address climate Republicans want to tackle debt soaring national debt, and China could create a new alignment of interests  that make politics click as lawmakers grapple with dire fiscal outlook carbon pricing  could be a bipartisan “grand bargain” deal , where conservatives claim  significant reductions in deficit and liberals tout  a major climate policy achievement


Question: carbon pricing bipartisan

5_ Turn: Aviation Carbon tax is a grand bargain that spurs bipartisan compromise

Rooney 23 — Laurence Francis Rooney III is an American politician and diplomat who was a U.S. representative for Florida's 19th congressional district from 2017 to 2021. A Republican, he served as the U.S. ambassador to the Holy See from 2005 until 2008. Francis Rooney. “The Unexpected Climate Policy That Could Tackle Both National Debt and China.” Politico, 10/26/2023, https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2023/10/26/climate-polity-china-us-00123510 //WMK

Democrats want to address climate Republicans want to tackle debt soaring national debt, and China could create a new alignment of interests  that make politics click as lawmakers grapple with dire fiscal outlook carbon pricing  could be a bipartisan “grand bargain” deal , where conservatives claim  significant reductions in deficit and liberals tout  a major climate policy achievement


Question: climate debt china

5_ Turn: Aviation Carbon tax is a grand bargain that spurs bipartisan compromise

Rooney 23 — Laurence Francis Rooney III is an American politician and diplomat who was a U.S. representative for Florida's 19th congressional district from 2017 to 2021. A Republican, he served as the U.S. ambassador to the Holy See from 2005 until 2008. Francis Rooney. “The Unexpected Climate Policy That Could Tackle Both National Debt and China.” Politico, 10/26/2023, https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2023/10/26/climate-polity-china-us-00123510 //WMK

Democrats want to address climate Republicans want to tackle debt soaring national debt, and China could create a new alignment of interests  that make politics click as lawmakers grapple with dire fiscal outlook carbon pricing  could be a bipartisan “grand bargain” deal , where conservatives claim  significant reductions in deficit and liberals tout  a major climate policy achievement


Question: aviation carbon tax compromise

5_ Turn: Aviation Carbon tax is a grand bargain that spurs bipartisan compromise

Rooney 23 — Laurence Francis Rooney III is an American politician and diplomat who was a U.S. representative for Florida's 19th congressional district from 2017 to 2021. A Republican, he served as the U.S. ambassador to the Holy See from 2005 until 2008. Francis Rooney. “The Unexpected Climate Policy That Could Tackle Both National Debt and China.” Politico, 10/26/2023, https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2023/10/26/climate-polity-china-us-00123510 //WMK

Democrats want to address climate Republicans want to tackle debt soaring national debt, and China could create a new alignment of interests  that make politics click as lawmakers grapple with dire fiscal outlook carbon pricing  could be a bipartisan “grand bargain” deal , where conservatives claim  significant reductions in deficit and liberals tout  a major climate policy achievement


Question: price acceleration key tipping points

The plan’s optimal price acceleration key to tipping points – averts subsidy green paradox

Stan Olijslagers 2021 Tinbergen Institute is the graduate school and research institute in economics of Erasmus University Rotterdam, the University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam. Also (Rick van der Ploeg  Department of Economics, University of Oxford & Sweder van Wijnbergen  Centre for Economic Policy, Research, London) “On current and future carbon prices in a risky world” TI 2021-045/VI Tinbergen Institute Discussion Paper
https://papers.tinbergen.nl/21045.pdf

in every assessment of uncertainty such as tipping Ice Sheet or Gulf Stream the optimal response is a rising path of carbon prices If climate sensitivity has increased or carbon sinks have weakened the optimal response is a rising path of carbon prices and a rising but higher path after uncertainty about future prices in presence of irreversible capital accumulation is an incentive to postpone investment by conferring an option value to waiting strategies convex damages, tipping points and temperature caps all require carbon prices grow faster than the economy decision makers should start with a significant carbon price and commit to a steadily rising path Only by credibly committing to such a path are corporations going to make long run irreversible investments to transition carbon-free Uncertainty about future prices will cause corporations to hold back investments politicians tend to postpone carbon pricing and prefer subsidies This can lead to adverse Green Paradox effects, where the anticipation of a stepping up climate policy induces fossil fuel reserves to extract more quickly and accelerate emissions Credible commitment to steadily rising prices is thus paramount


Question: Stan Olijslagers 2021

The plan’s optimal price acceleration key to tipping points – averts subsidy green paradox

Stan Olijslagers 2021 Tinbergen Institute is the graduate school and research institute in economics of Erasmus University Rotterdam, the University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam. Also (Rick van der Ploeg  Department of Economics, University of Oxford & Sweder van Wijnbergen  Centre for Economic Policy, Research, London) “On current and future carbon prices in a risky world” TI 2021-045/VI Tinbergen Institute Discussion Paper
https://papers.tinbergen.nl/21045.pdf

in every assessment of uncertainty such as tipping Ice Sheet or Gulf Stream the optimal response is a rising path of carbon prices If climate sensitivity has increased or carbon sinks have weakened the optimal response is a rising path of carbon prices and a rising but higher path after uncertainty about future prices in presence of irreversible capital accumulation is an incentive to postpone investment by conferring an option value to waiting strategies convex damages, tipping points and temperature caps all require carbon prices grow faster than the economy decision makers should start with a significant carbon price and commit to a steadily rising path Only by credibly committing to such a path are corporations going to make long run irreversible investments to transition carbon-free Uncertainty about future prices will cause corporations to hold back investments politicians tend to postpone carbon pricing and prefer subsidies This can lead to adverse Green Paradox effects, where the anticipation of a stepping up climate policy induces fossil fuel reserves to extract more quickly and accelerate emissions Credible commitment to steadily rising prices is thus paramount


Question: subsidy green paradox

The plan’s optimal price acceleration key to tipping points – averts subsidy green paradox

Stan Olijslagers 2021 Tinbergen Institute is the graduate school and research institute in economics of Erasmus University Rotterdam, the University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam. Also (Rick van der Ploeg  Department of Economics, University of Oxford & Sweder van Wijnbergen  Centre for Economic Policy, Research, London) “On current and future carbon prices in a risky world” TI 2021-045/VI Tinbergen Institute Discussion Paper
https://papers.tinbergen.nl/21045.pdf

in every assessment of uncertainty such as tipping Ice Sheet or Gulf Stream the optimal response is a rising path of carbon prices If climate sensitivity has increased or carbon sinks have weakened the optimal response is a rising path of carbon prices and a rising but higher path after uncertainty about future prices in presence of irreversible capital accumulation is an incentive to postpone investment by conferring an option value to waiting strategies convex damages, tipping points and temperature caps all require carbon prices grow faster than the economy decision makers should start with a significant carbon price and commit to a steadily rising path Only by credibly committing to such a path are corporations going to make long run irreversible investments to transition carbon-free Uncertainty about future prices will cause corporations to hold back investments politicians tend to postpone carbon pricing and prefer subsidies This can lead to adverse Green Paradox effects, where the anticipation of a stepping up climate policy induces fossil fuel reserves to extract more quickly and accelerate emissions Credible commitment to steadily rising prices is thus paramount


Question: carbon prices risky world

The plan’s optimal price acceleration key to tipping points – averts subsidy green paradox

Stan Olijslagers 2021 Tinbergen Institute is the graduate school and research institute in economics of Erasmus University Rotterdam, the University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam. Also (Rick van der Ploeg  Department of Economics, University of Oxford & Sweder van Wijnbergen  Centre for Economic Policy, Research, London) “On current and future carbon prices in a risky world” TI 2021-045/VI Tinbergen Institute Discussion Paper
https://papers.tinbergen.nl/21045.pdf

in every assessment of uncertainty such as tipping Ice Sheet or Gulf Stream the optimal response is a rising path of carbon prices If climate sensitivity has increased or carbon sinks have weakened the optimal response is a rising path of carbon prices and a rising but higher path after uncertainty about future prices in presence of irreversible capital accumulation is an incentive to postpone investment by conferring an option value to waiting strategies convex damages, tipping points and temperature caps all require carbon prices grow faster than the economy decision makers should start with a significant carbon price and commit to a steadily rising path Only by credibly committing to such a path are corporations going to make long run irreversible investments to transition carbon-free Uncertainty about future prices will cause corporations to hold back investments politicians tend to postpone carbon pricing and prefer subsidies This can lead to adverse Green Paradox effects, where the anticipation of a stepping up climate policy induces fossil fuel reserves to extract more quickly and accelerate emissions Credible commitment to steadily rising prices is thus paramount