Question: carbon tax dampen demand

Fossil demand is devastating for warming. Only a carbon tax can dampen it.

Brill 21, Senior Fellow at the American Enterprise Institute, M.A., Mathematical Finance, Boston University, B.A., Economics, Tufts University (Alex Brill, April 27, 2021, “Climate Challenges: The Tax Code’s Role in Creating American Jobs, Achieving Energy Independence, and Providing Consumers with Affordable, Clean Energy,” United States Senate Committee on Finance, https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CHRG-117shrg48510/pdf/CHRG-117shrg48510.pdf) [[Images omitted]]

government cannot identify every conceivable energy-saving practice a carbon tax impact demand generally reducing emissions over time. A tax would encourage efficient vehicles ; reduce miles traveled ; and drive many modest choices by consumers on energy consumption . While elasticity for electricity is small in short run it is quite high in the long run This is laudable given the risks with climate change


Question: Brill 21 carbon tax

Fossil demand is devastating for warming. Only a carbon tax can dampen it.

Brill 21, Senior Fellow at the American Enterprise Institute, M.A., Mathematical Finance, Boston University, B.A., Economics, Tufts University (Alex Brill, April 27, 2021, “Climate Challenges: The Tax Code’s Role in Creating American Jobs, Achieving Energy Independence, and Providing Consumers with Affordable, Clean Energy,” United States Senate Committee on Finance, https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CHRG-117shrg48510/pdf/CHRG-117shrg48510.pdf) [[Images omitted]]

government cannot identify every conceivable energy-saving practice a carbon tax impact demand generally reducing emissions over time. A tax would encourage efficient vehicles ; reduce miles traveled ; and drive many modest choices by consumers on energy consumption . While elasticity for electricity is small in short run it is quite high in the long run This is laudable given the risks with climate change


Question: carbon tax impact demand

Fossil demand is devastating for warming. Only a carbon tax can dampen it.

Brill 21, Senior Fellow at the American Enterprise Institute, M.A., Mathematical Finance, Boston University, B.A., Economics, Tufts University (Alex Brill, April 27, 2021, “Climate Challenges: The Tax Code’s Role in Creating American Jobs, Achieving Energy Independence, and Providing Consumers with Affordable, Clean Energy,” United States Senate Committee on Finance, https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CHRG-117shrg48510/pdf/CHRG-117shrg48510.pdf) [[Images omitted]]

government cannot identify every conceivable energy-saving practice a carbon tax impact demand generally reducing emissions over time. A tax would encourage efficient vehicles ; reduce miles traveled ; and drive many modest choices by consumers on energy consumption . While elasticity for electricity is small in short run it is quite high in the long run This is laudable given the risks with climate change


Question: Climate Challenges: The Tax Code

Fossil demand is devastating for warming. Only a carbon tax can dampen it.

Brill 21, Senior Fellow at the American Enterprise Institute, M.A., Mathematical Finance, Boston University, B.A., Economics, Tufts University (Alex Brill, April 27, 2021, “Climate Challenges: The Tax Code’s Role in Creating American Jobs, Achieving Energy Independence, and Providing Consumers with Affordable, Clean Energy,” United States Senate Committee on Finance, https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CHRG-117shrg48510/pdf/CHRG-117shrg48510.pdf) [[Images omitted]]

government cannot identify every conceivable energy-saving practice a carbon tax impact demand generally reducing emissions over time. A tax would encourage efficient vehicles ; reduce miles traveled ; and drive many modest choices by consumers on energy consumption . While elasticity for electricity is small in short run it is quite high in the long run This is laudable given the risks with climate change


Question: carbon tax reduce emissions

Fossil demand is devastating for warming. Only a carbon tax can dampen it.

Brill 21, Senior Fellow at the American Enterprise Institute, M.A., Mathematical Finance, Boston University, B.A., Economics, Tufts University (Alex Brill, April 27, 2021, “Climate Challenges: The Tax Code’s Role in Creating American Jobs, Achieving Energy Independence, and Providing Consumers with Affordable, Clean Energy,” United States Senate Committee on Finance, https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CHRG-117shrg48510/pdf/CHRG-117shrg48510.pdf) [[Images omitted]]

government cannot identify every conceivable energy-saving practice a carbon tax impact demand generally reducing emissions over time. A tax would encourage efficient vehicles ; reduce miles traveled ; and drive many modest choices by consumers on energy consumption . While elasticity for electricity is small in short run it is quite high in the long run This is laudable given the risks with climate change


Question: carbon tax efficient vehicles

Fossil demand is devastating for warming. Only a carbon tax can dampen it.

Brill 21, Senior Fellow at the American Enterprise Institute, M.A., Mathematical Finance, Boston University, B.A., Economics, Tufts University (Alex Brill, April 27, 2021, “Climate Challenges: The Tax Code’s Role in Creating American Jobs, Achieving Energy Independence, and Providing Consumers with Affordable, Clean Energy,” United States Senate Committee on Finance, https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CHRG-117shrg48510/pdf/CHRG-117shrg48510.pdf) [[Images omitted]]

government cannot identify every conceivable energy-saving practice a carbon tax impact demand generally reducing emissions over time. A tax would encourage efficient vehicles ; reduce miles traveled ; and drive many modest choices by consumers on energy consumption . While elasticity for electricity is small in short run it is quite high in the long run This is laudable given the risks with climate change


Question: Volatility in exchange rates

3. Volatility in exchange rates doesn’t impact emerging economies.

Tobias Adrian et. al 24, Tobias Adrian is the Financial Counsellor and Director of the IMF's Monetary and Capital Markets Department. He leads the IMF's work on financial sector surveillance and capacity building, monetary and macroprudential policies, financial regulation, debt management, and capital markets, 1-31-2024, "Emerging Markets Navigate Global Interest Rate Volatility," IMF, https://www.imf.org/en/Blogs/Articles/2024/01/31/emerging-markets-navigate-global-interest-rate-volatility

Global interest rates have gone on a rollercoaster are climbing Emerging market economies however saw milder rate moves average sensitivity to interest rates declined by two-thirds due to the divergence in monetary policy challenges economic lit that show large spillovers emerging markets have been insulated There are signs of resilience during volatility emerging markets spent years improving policy frameworks built additional reserves investors become more reducing reliance on foreign capital emerging markets enhanced central bank independence


Question: Tobias Adrian IMF

3. Volatility in exchange rates doesn’t impact emerging economies.

Tobias Adrian et. al 24, Tobias Adrian is the Financial Counsellor and Director of the IMF's Monetary and Capital Markets Department. He leads the IMF's work on financial sector surveillance and capacity building, monetary and macroprudential policies, financial regulation, debt management, and capital markets, 1-31-2024, "Emerging Markets Navigate Global Interest Rate Volatility," IMF, https://www.imf.org/en/Blogs/Articles/2024/01/31/emerging-markets-navigate-global-interest-rate-volatility

Global interest rates have gone on a rollercoaster are climbing Emerging market economies however saw milder rate moves average sensitivity to interest rates declined by two-thirds due to the divergence in monetary policy challenges economic lit that show large spillovers emerging markets have been insulated There are signs of resilience during volatility emerging markets spent years improving policy frameworks built additional reserves investors become more reducing reliance on foreign capital emerging markets enhanced central bank independence


Question: emerging markets resilient

3. Volatility in exchange rates doesn’t impact emerging economies.

Tobias Adrian et. al 24, Tobias Adrian is the Financial Counsellor and Director of the IMF's Monetary and Capital Markets Department. He leads the IMF's work on financial sector surveillance and capacity building, monetary and macroprudential policies, financial regulation, debt management, and capital markets, 1-31-2024, "Emerging Markets Navigate Global Interest Rate Volatility," IMF, https://www.imf.org/en/Blogs/Articles/2024/01/31/emerging-markets-navigate-global-interest-rate-volatility

Global interest rates have gone on a rollercoaster are climbing Emerging market economies however saw milder rate moves average sensitivity to interest rates declined by two-thirds due to the divergence in monetary policy challenges economic lit that show large spillovers emerging markets have been insulated There are signs of resilience during volatility emerging markets spent years improving policy frameworks built additional reserves investors become more reducing reliance on foreign capital emerging markets enhanced central bank independence


Question: markets navigate global interest rate

3. Volatility in exchange rates doesn’t impact emerging economies.

Tobias Adrian et. al 24, Tobias Adrian is the Financial Counsellor and Director of the IMF's Monetary and Capital Markets Department. He leads the IMF's work on financial sector surveillance and capacity building, monetary and macroprudential policies, financial regulation, debt management, and capital markets, 1-31-2024, "Emerging Markets Navigate Global Interest Rate Volatility," IMF, https://www.imf.org/en/Blogs/Articles/2024/01/31/emerging-markets-navigate-global-interest-rate-volatility

Global interest rates have gone on a rollercoaster are climbing Emerging market economies however saw milder rate moves average sensitivity to interest rates declined by two-thirds due to the divergence in monetary policy challenges economic lit that show large spillovers emerging markets have been insulated There are signs of resilience during volatility emerging markets spent years improving policy frameworks built additional reserves investors become more reducing reliance on foreign capital emerging markets enhanced central bank independence


Question: emerging markets insulated

3. Volatility in exchange rates doesn’t impact emerging economies.

Tobias Adrian et. al 24, Tobias Adrian is the Financial Counsellor and Director of the IMF's Monetary and Capital Markets Department. He leads the IMF's work on financial sector surveillance and capacity building, monetary and macroprudential policies, financial regulation, debt management, and capital markets, 1-31-2024, "Emerging Markets Navigate Global Interest Rate Volatility," IMF, https://www.imf.org/en/Blogs/Articles/2024/01/31/emerging-markets-navigate-global-interest-rate-volatility

Global interest rates have gone on a rollercoaster are climbing Emerging market economies however saw milder rate moves average sensitivity to interest rates declined by two-thirds due to the divergence in monetary policy challenges economic lit that show large spillovers emerging markets have been insulated There are signs of resilience during volatility emerging markets spent years improving policy frameworks built additional reserves investors become more reducing reliance on foreign capital emerging markets enhanced central bank independence


Question: markets improved policy frameworks

3. Volatility in exchange rates doesn’t impact emerging economies.

Tobias Adrian et. al 24, Tobias Adrian is the Financial Counsellor and Director of the IMF's Monetary and Capital Markets Department. He leads the IMF's work on financial sector surveillance and capacity building, monetary and macroprudential policies, financial regulation, debt management, and capital markets, 1-31-2024, "Emerging Markets Navigate Global Interest Rate Volatility," IMF, https://www.imf.org/en/Blogs/Articles/2024/01/31/emerging-markets-navigate-global-interest-rate-volatility

Global interest rates have gone on a rollercoaster are climbing Emerging market economies however saw milder rate moves average sensitivity to interest rates declined by two-thirds due to the divergence in monetary policy challenges economic lit that show large spillovers emerging markets have been insulated There are signs of resilience during volatility emerging markets spent years improving policy frameworks built additional reserves investors become more reducing reliance on foreign capital emerging markets enhanced central bank independence


Question: Even if the plan violates

Even if the plan violates, a dispute won’t be brought.

Kasturi Das. 15. Full Professor of Economics at IMTG, serving as a Member of the High-Level Advisory Committee on Trade and the Environment of the Department of Commerce at the Government of India, and was an invited Member of World Economic Forum’s Expert Group on Trade and Climate Change. “Climate Clubs Carrots Sticks and More”. Economic and Political Weekly L(34). August 2015. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/281175230_Climate_Clubs_Carrots_Sticks_and_More

whether potentially WTO-incompatible measure ultimately end up under WTO scanner depend on a host of factors Many  cases will never be brought Montreal Protocol likely to violate GATT as well as non-discrimination no country brought a WTO dispute against Montreal of 250 MEA over 20 incorporate trade measures there has not been a single WTO dispute


Question: Kasturi Das

Even if the plan violates, a dispute won’t be brought.

Kasturi Das. 15. Full Professor of Economics at IMTG, serving as a Member of the High-Level Advisory Committee on Trade and the Environment of the Department of Commerce at the Government of India, and was an invited Member of World Economic Forum’s Expert Group on Trade and Climate Change. “Climate Clubs Carrots Sticks and More”. Economic and Political Weekly L(34). August 2015. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/281175230_Climate_Clubs_Carrots_Sticks_and_More

whether potentially WTO-incompatible measure ultimately end up under WTO scanner depend on a host of factors Many  cases will never be brought Montreal Protocol likely to violate GATT as well as non-discrimination no country brought a WTO dispute against Montreal of 250 MEA over 20 incorporate trade measures there has not been a single WTO dispute


Question: WTO dispute unlikely

Even if the plan violates, a dispute won’t be brought.

Kasturi Das. 15. Full Professor of Economics at IMTG, serving as a Member of the High-Level Advisory Committee on Trade and the Environment of the Department of Commerce at the Government of India, and was an invited Member of World Economic Forum’s Expert Group on Trade and Climate Change. “Climate Clubs Carrots Sticks and More”. Economic and Political Weekly L(34). August 2015. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/281175230_Climate_Clubs_Carrots_Sticks_and_More

whether potentially WTO-incompatible measure ultimately end up under WTO scanner depend on a host of factors Many  cases will never be brought Montreal Protocol likely to violate GATT as well as non-discrimination no country brought a WTO dispute against Montreal of 250 MEA over 20 incorporate trade measures there has not been a single WTO dispute


Question: WTO disputes unlikely

Even if the plan violates, a dispute won’t be brought.

Kasturi Das. 15. Full Professor of Economics at IMTG, serving as a Member of the High-Level Advisory Committee on Trade and the Environment of the Department of Commerce at the Government of India, and was an invited Member of World Economic Forum’s Expert Group on Trade and Climate Change. “Climate Clubs Carrots Sticks and More”. Economic and Political Weekly L(34). August 2015. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/281175230_Climate_Clubs_Carrots_Sticks_and_More

whether potentially WTO-incompatible measure ultimately end up under WTO scanner depend on a host of factors Many  cases will never be brought Montreal Protocol likely to violate GATT as well as non-discrimination no country brought a WTO dispute against Montreal of 250 MEA over 20 incorporate trade measures there has not been a single WTO dispute


Question: climate clubs disputes

Even if the plan violates, a dispute won’t be brought.

Kasturi Das. 15. Full Professor of Economics at IMTG, serving as a Member of the High-Level Advisory Committee on Trade and the Environment of the Department of Commerce at the Government of India, and was an invited Member of World Economic Forum’s Expert Group on Trade and Climate Change. “Climate Clubs Carrots Sticks and More”. Economic and Political Weekly L(34). August 2015. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/281175230_Climate_Clubs_Carrots_Sticks_and_More

whether potentially WTO-incompatible measure ultimately end up under WTO scanner depend on a host of factors Many  cases will never be brought Montreal Protocol likely to violate GATT as well as non-discrimination no country brought a WTO dispute against Montreal of 250 MEA over 20 incorporate trade measures there has not been a single WTO dispute


Question: Energy prices one commodity basket

5 — Energy prices are one commodity basket: no single-issue hikes.

Mack Wilowski 23. writer for Investopedia, citing Goldman Sachs’ analysts’ forecasts, September 25, 2023, “High Oil Prices May Not Cause A Recession and May Not Last Long Say Analysts,” Investopedia, https://www.investopedia.com/high-oil-prices-may-not-cause-a-recession-and-may-not-last-long-say-analysts/)

the Fed is unlikely to keep raising rates solely due to oil prices , especially when core inflation trending downward


Question: Mack Wilowski 23

5 — Energy prices are one commodity basket: no single-issue hikes.

Mack Wilowski 23. writer for Investopedia, citing Goldman Sachs’ analysts’ forecasts, September 25, 2023, “High Oil Prices May Not Cause A Recession and May Not Last Long Say Analysts,” Investopedia, https://www.investopedia.com/high-oil-prices-may-not-cause-a-recession-and-may-not-last-long-say-analysts/)

the Fed is unlikely to keep raising rates solely due to oil prices , especially when core inflation trending downward


Question: Goldman Sachs analysts

5 — Energy prices are one commodity basket: no single-issue hikes.

Mack Wilowski 23. writer for Investopedia, citing Goldman Sachs’ analysts’ forecasts, September 25, 2023, “High Oil Prices May Not Cause A Recession and May Not Last Long Say Analysts,” Investopedia, https://www.investopedia.com/high-oil-prices-may-not-cause-a-recession-and-may-not-last-long-say-analysts/)

the Fed is unlikely to keep raising rates solely due to oil prices , especially when core inflation trending downward


Question: Fed raising rates unlikely

5 — Energy prices are one commodity basket: no single-issue hikes.

Mack Wilowski 23. writer for Investopedia, citing Goldman Sachs’ analysts’ forecasts, September 25, 2023, “High Oil Prices May Not Cause A Recession and May Not Last Long Say Analysts,” Investopedia, https://www.investopedia.com/high-oil-prices-may-not-cause-a-recession-and-may-not-last-long-say-analysts/)

the Fed is unlikely to keep raising rates solely due to oil prices , especially when core inflation trending downward


Question: energy prices recession

5 — Energy prices are one commodity basket: no single-issue hikes.

Mack Wilowski 23. writer for Investopedia, citing Goldman Sachs’ analysts’ forecasts, September 25, 2023, “High Oil Prices May Not Cause A Recession and May Not Last Long Say Analysts,” Investopedia, https://www.investopedia.com/high-oil-prices-may-not-cause-a-recession-and-may-not-last-long-say-analysts/)

the Fed is unlikely to keep raising rates solely due to oil prices , especially when core inflation trending downward


Question: Jan 6th ruined democratic perceptions

Even still, Jan 6th ruined democratic perceptions, making Texit massive on scale – the link alone turns case

Schifrin et al., 23. Nick Schifrin, Tim McPhillips, and Zeba Warsi, Jan 6 2023. PBS News “WATCH: How did the Jan. 6 attack affect the rest of the world?” https://www.pbs.org/newshour/world/watch-how-did-the-jan-6-attack-affect-the-rest-of-the-world Accessed8.5.2024///mosuQ

While the insurrection failed it was a defining moment internationally. resonated with autocrats January 6th was a shock to the system a propaganda gift The Chinese the Russians aspire to weaken us internally after Jan. 6, 57% of different democracies around the world said the U S used to be a good model but not in recent years


Question: Schifrin PBS News

Even still, Jan 6th ruined democratic perceptions, making Texit massive on scale – the link alone turns case

Schifrin et al., 23. Nick Schifrin, Tim McPhillips, and Zeba Warsi, Jan 6 2023. PBS News “WATCH: How did the Jan. 6 attack affect the rest of the world?” https://www.pbs.org/newshour/world/watch-how-did-the-jan-6-attack-affect-the-rest-of-the-world Accessed8.5.2024///mosuQ

While the insurrection failed it was a defining moment internationally. resonated with autocrats January 6th was a shock to the system a propaganda gift The Chinese the Russians aspire to weaken us internally after Jan. 6, 57% of different democracies around the world said the U S used to be a good model but not in recent years


Question: Schifrin et al

Even still, Jan 6th ruined democratic perceptions, making Texit massive on scale – the link alone turns case

Schifrin et al., 23. Nick Schifrin, Tim McPhillips, and Zeba Warsi, Jan 6 2023. PBS News “WATCH: How did the Jan. 6 attack affect the rest of the world?” https://www.pbs.org/newshour/world/watch-how-did-the-jan-6-attack-affect-the-rest-of-the-world Accessed8.5.2024///mosuQ

While the insurrection failed it was a defining moment internationally. resonated with autocrats January 6th was a shock to the system a propaganda gift The Chinese the Russians aspire to weaken us internally after Jan. 6, 57% of different democracies around the world said the U S used to be a good model but not in recent years


Question: Jan 6th Texit massive

Even still, Jan 6th ruined democratic perceptions, making Texit massive on scale – the link alone turns case

Schifrin et al., 23. Nick Schifrin, Tim McPhillips, and Zeba Warsi, Jan 6 2023. PBS News “WATCH: How did the Jan. 6 attack affect the rest of the world?” https://www.pbs.org/newshour/world/watch-how-did-the-jan-6-attack-affect-the-rest-of-the-world Accessed8.5.2024///mosuQ

While the insurrection failed it was a defining moment internationally. resonated with autocrats January 6th was a shock to the system a propaganda gift The Chinese the Russians aspire to weaken us internally after Jan. 6, 57% of different democracies around the world said the U S used to be a good model but not in recent years


Question: Jan 6th propaganda gift

Even still, Jan 6th ruined democratic perceptions, making Texit massive on scale – the link alone turns case

Schifrin et al., 23. Nick Schifrin, Tim McPhillips, and Zeba Warsi, Jan 6 2023. PBS News “WATCH: How did the Jan. 6 attack affect the rest of the world?” https://www.pbs.org/newshour/world/watch-how-did-the-jan-6-attack-affect-the-rest-of-the-world Accessed8.5.2024///mosuQ

While the insurrection failed it was a defining moment internationally. resonated with autocrats January 6th was a shock to the system a propaganda gift The Chinese the Russians aspire to weaken us internally after Jan. 6, 57% of different democracies around the world said the U S used to be a good model but not in recent years


Question: democratic perceptions ruined

Even still, Jan 6th ruined democratic perceptions, making Texit massive on scale – the link alone turns case

Schifrin et al., 23. Nick Schifrin, Tim McPhillips, and Zeba Warsi, Jan 6 2023. PBS News “WATCH: How did the Jan. 6 attack affect the rest of the world?” https://www.pbs.org/newshour/world/watch-how-did-the-jan-6-attack-affect-the-rest-of-the-world Accessed8.5.2024///mosuQ

While the insurrection failed it was a defining moment internationally. resonated with autocrats January 6th was a shock to the system a propaganda gift The Chinese the Russians aspire to weaken us internally after Jan. 6, 57% of different democracies around the world said the U S used to be a good model but not in recent years


Question: US model undermined

Even still, Jan 6th ruined democratic perceptions, making Texit massive on scale – the link alone turns case

Schifrin et al., 23. Nick Schifrin, Tim McPhillips, and Zeba Warsi, Jan 6 2023. PBS News “WATCH: How did the Jan. 6 attack affect the rest of the world?” https://www.pbs.org/newshour/world/watch-how-did-the-jan-6-attack-affect-the-rest-of-the-world Accessed8.5.2024///mosuQ

While the insurrection failed it was a defining moment internationally. resonated with autocrats January 6th was a shock to the system a propaganda gift The Chinese the Russians aspire to weaken us internally after Jan. 6, 57% of different democracies around the world said the U S used to be a good model but not in recent years


Question: Pinker Epstein legal defense

Pinker interpreted words instrumentally to boost Epstein’s legal defense

Pinker, Epstein, Soldier, Spy: Steven Pinker's aid in Jeffrey Epstein's legal defense renews criticism of an increasingly divisive public intellectual, https://www.insidehighered.com/news/2019/07/17/steven-pinkers-aid-jeffrey-epsteins-legal-defense-renews-criticism-increasingly

To confirm our view of the ‘plain meaning’ we asked" Pinker to analyze the statute to determine the logical reading of the section According to Dr. Pinker, that is the sole rational reading


Question: Pinker interprets words instrumentally

Pinker interpreted words instrumentally to boost Epstein’s legal defense

Pinker, Epstein, Soldier, Spy: Steven Pinker's aid in Jeffrey Epstein's legal defense renews criticism of an increasingly divisive public intellectual, https://www.insidehighered.com/news/2019/07/17/steven-pinkers-aid-jeffrey-epsteins-legal-defense-renews-criticism-increasingly

To confirm our view of the ‘plain meaning’ we asked" Pinker to analyze the statute to determine the logical reading of the section According to Dr. Pinker, that is the sole rational reading


Question: Pinker Epstein controversy

Pinker interpreted words instrumentally to boost Epstein’s legal defense

Pinker, Epstein, Soldier, Spy: Steven Pinker's aid in Jeffrey Epstein's legal defense renews criticism of an increasingly divisive public intellectual, https://www.insidehighered.com/news/2019/07/17/steven-pinkers-aid-jeffrey-epsteins-legal-defense-renews-criticism-increasingly

To confirm our view of the ‘plain meaning’ we asked" Pinker to analyze the statute to determine the logical reading of the section According to Dr. Pinker, that is the sole rational reading


Question: Steven Pinker legal defense

Pinker interpreted words instrumentally to boost Epstein’s legal defense

Pinker, Epstein, Soldier, Spy: Steven Pinker's aid in Jeffrey Epstein's legal defense renews criticism of an increasingly divisive public intellectual, https://www.insidehighered.com/news/2019/07/17/steven-pinkers-aid-jeffrey-epsteins-legal-defense-renews-criticism-increasingly

To confirm our view of the ‘plain meaning’ we asked" Pinker to analyze the statute to determine the logical reading of the section According to Dr. Pinker, that is the sole rational reading


Question: Pinker plain meaning

Pinker interpreted words instrumentally to boost Epstein’s legal defense

Pinker, Epstein, Soldier, Spy: Steven Pinker's aid in Jeffrey Epstein's legal defense renews criticism of an increasingly divisive public intellectual, https://www.insidehighered.com/news/2019/07/17/steven-pinkers-aid-jeffrey-epsteins-legal-defense-renews-criticism-increasingly

To confirm our view of the ‘plain meaning’ we asked" Pinker to analyze the statute to determine the logical reading of the section According to Dr. Pinker, that is the sole rational reading


Question: Abnormality kills Senate negotiations

Abnormality like the plan kills Senate negotiations.

Folley ’24 [Aris; November 8th; "Trump wins tip scales for GOP on government funding;" Hill, https://thehill.com/business/budget/4979972-gop-control-government-funding/]

said deciding how to spend is “ important I would hope we would put a greater priority on deciding how much to spend and getting it done as close to regular order as possible that always involves a conversation between Schumer and myself those conversations haven’t started


Question: Folley 2024

Abnormality like the plan kills Senate negotiations.

Folley ’24 [Aris; November 8th; "Trump wins tip scales for GOP on government funding;" Hill, https://thehill.com/business/budget/4979972-gop-control-government-funding/]

said deciding how to spend is “ important I would hope we would put a greater priority on deciding how much to spend and getting it done as close to regular order as possible that always involves a conversation between Schumer and myself those conversations haven’t started


Question: Senate negotiations breakdown

Abnormality like the plan kills Senate negotiations.

Folley ’24 [Aris; November 8th; "Trump wins tip scales for GOP on government funding;" Hill, https://thehill.com/business/budget/4979972-gop-control-government-funding/]

said deciding how to spend is “ important I would hope we would put a greater priority on deciding how much to spend and getting it done as close to regular order as possible that always involves a conversation between Schumer and myself those conversations haven’t started


Question: government funding

Abnormality like the plan kills Senate negotiations.

Folley ’24 [Aris; November 8th; "Trump wins tip scales for GOP on government funding;" Hill, https://thehill.com/business/budget/4979972-gop-control-government-funding/]

said deciding how to spend is “ important I would hope we would put a greater priority on deciding how much to spend and getting it done as close to regular order as possible that always involves a conversation between Schumer and myself those conversations haven’t started


Question: regular order

Abnormality like the plan kills Senate negotiations.

Folley ’24 [Aris; November 8th; "Trump wins tip scales for GOP on government funding;" Hill, https://thehill.com/business/budget/4979972-gop-control-government-funding/]

said deciding how to spend is “ important I would hope we would put a greater priority on deciding how much to spend and getting it done as close to regular order as possible that always involves a conversation between Schumer and myself those conversations haven’t started


Question: Schumer

Abnormality like the plan kills Senate negotiations.

Folley ’24 [Aris; November 8th; "Trump wins tip scales for GOP on government funding;" Hill, https://thehill.com/business/budget/4979972-gop-control-government-funding/]

said deciding how to spend is “ important I would hope we would put a greater priority on deciding how much to spend and getting it done as close to regular order as possible that always involves a conversation between Schumer and myself those conversations haven’t started


Question: GOP control government funding

Abnormality like the plan kills Senate negotiations.

Folley ’24 [Aris; November 8th; "Trump wins tip scales for GOP on government funding;" Hill, https://thehill.com/business/budget/4979972-gop-control-government-funding/]

said deciding how to spend is “ important I would hope we would put a greater priority on deciding how much to spend and getting it done as close to regular order as possible that always involves a conversation between Schumer and myself those conversations haven’t started


Question: Lobbying backlash and link zeroes

It triggers lobbying backlash AND the link zeroes case.

Steve Large 24, Reporter for CBS, “Could California become the first US state to regulate airline emissions?” CBS News, 9/24/24, https://www.cbsnews.com/sacramento/news/could-california-become-the-first-us-state-to-regulate-airline-emissions

Airlines lobbying against regulations Making jet fuel more expensive does not incentivize airlines to buy more s a f and does not incentivize producers to increase production it's a clash of the titans Airlines consider themselves international players that can't be touched


Question: Steve Large 24

It triggers lobbying backlash AND the link zeroes case.

Steve Large 24, Reporter for CBS, “Could California become the first US state to regulate airline emissions?” CBS News, 9/24/24, https://www.cbsnews.com/sacramento/news/could-california-become-the-first-us-state-to-regulate-airline-emissions

Airlines lobbying against regulations Making jet fuel more expensive does not incentivize airlines to buy more s a f and does not incentivize producers to increase production it's a clash of the titans Airlines consider themselves international players that can't be touched


Question: Airlines lobby against regulation

It triggers lobbying backlash AND the link zeroes case.

Steve Large 24, Reporter for CBS, “Could California become the first US state to regulate airline emissions?” CBS News, 9/24/24, https://www.cbsnews.com/sacramento/news/could-california-become-the-first-us-state-to-regulate-airline-emissions

Airlines lobbying against regulations Making jet fuel more expensive does not incentivize airlines to buy more s a f and does not incentivize producers to increase production it's a clash of the titans Airlines consider themselves international players that can't be touched


Question: Airlines international players

It triggers lobbying backlash AND the link zeroes case.

Steve Large 24, Reporter for CBS, “Could California become the first US state to regulate airline emissions?” CBS News, 9/24/24, https://www.cbsnews.com/sacramento/news/could-california-become-the-first-us-state-to-regulate-airline-emissions

Airlines lobbying against regulations Making jet fuel more expensive does not incentivize airlines to buy more s a f and does not incentivize producers to increase production it's a clash of the titans Airlines consider themselves international players that can't be touched


Question: California regulate airline emissions

It triggers lobbying backlash AND the link zeroes case.

Steve Large 24, Reporter for CBS, “Could California become the first US state to regulate airline emissions?” CBS News, 9/24/24, https://www.cbsnews.com/sacramento/news/could-california-become-the-first-us-state-to-regulate-airline-emissions

Airlines lobbying against regulations Making jet fuel more expensive does not incentivize airlines to buy more s a f and does not incentivize producers to increase production it's a clash of the titans Airlines consider themselves international players that can't be touched


Question: jet fuel expensive

It triggers lobbying backlash AND the link zeroes case.

Steve Large 24, Reporter for CBS, “Could California become the first US state to regulate airline emissions?” CBS News, 9/24/24, https://www.cbsnews.com/sacramento/news/could-california-become-the-first-us-state-to-regulate-airline-emissions

Airlines lobbying against regulations Making jet fuel more expensive does not incentivize airlines to buy more s a f and does not incentivize producers to increase production it's a clash of the titans Airlines consider themselves international players that can't be touched


Question: airlines SAF

It triggers lobbying backlash AND the link zeroes case.

Steve Large 24, Reporter for CBS, “Could California become the first US state to regulate airline emissions?” CBS News, 9/24/24, https://www.cbsnews.com/sacramento/news/could-california-become-the-first-us-state-to-regulate-airline-emissions

Airlines lobbying against regulations Making jet fuel more expensive does not incentivize airlines to buy more s a f and does not incentivize producers to increase production it's a clash of the titans Airlines consider themselves international players that can't be touched


Question: Tipping points are certain and soon

It causes extinction---tipping points are certain and soon.

Spratt ’24 [David; December 2; Research Director, Breakthrough National Center for Climate Restoration, Founder, Climate Action Center, BS, Economics, Australian National University; Breakthrough Center; “Collision Course: 3-degrees of Warming and Humanity’s Future,” https://www.breakthroughonline.org.au/_files/ugd/148cb0_085aaeb2f1a1481789014b8e895ad23b.pdf]

the climate system are reaching tipping points centuries faster than projected models downplay non-linear processes the past is no longer a guide to the future. tail risks are expected and threaten society abrupt thawing of permafrost ; loss of all coral s ; collapse of A M O C can trigger loss of crops instability and collapse the Doomsday Glacier is near collapse Summer sea- ice has been lost permafrost source of g h g s boreal forests have raised emissions The Amazon has become a net source And the monsoon is heading to cause dieback all reefs extinct , land sinks collapsed absorbed no carbon collapse of AMOC 95% of occurring could happen within decades would flip the seasons half the world could dry out majority of scientists expect warming more than 3 and catastrophic impacts dystopian famines heatwaves and storms locked in unless emissions decline Only rapid near-term reductions are effective in reducing climate risks weather can result in failures in critical systems , water food energy trade , and security The IPCC leave out many tipping points feedbacks drive the Earth to no return Hothouse humans lack capacity to stop warming an existential threat could exist at 1.5°


Question: Spratt 24

It causes extinction---tipping points are certain and soon.

Spratt ’24 [David; December 2; Research Director, Breakthrough National Center for Climate Restoration, Founder, Climate Action Center, BS, Economics, Australian National University; Breakthrough Center; “Collision Course: 3-degrees of Warming and Humanity’s Future,” https://www.breakthroughonline.org.au/_files/ugd/148cb0_085aaeb2f1a1481789014b8e895ad23b.pdf]

the climate system are reaching tipping points centuries faster than projected models downplay non-linear processes the past is no longer a guide to the future. tail risks are expected and threaten society abrupt thawing of permafrost ; loss of all coral s ; collapse of A M O C can trigger loss of crops instability and collapse the Doomsday Glacier is near collapse Summer sea- ice has been lost permafrost source of g h g s boreal forests have raised emissions The Amazon has become a net source And the monsoon is heading to cause dieback all reefs extinct , land sinks collapsed absorbed no carbon collapse of AMOC 95% of occurring could happen within decades would flip the seasons half the world could dry out majority of scientists expect warming more than 3 and catastrophic impacts dystopian famines heatwaves and storms locked in unless emissions decline Only rapid near-term reductions are effective in reducing climate risks weather can result in failures in critical systems , water food energy trade , and security The IPCC leave out many tipping points feedbacks drive the Earth to no return Hothouse humans lack capacity to stop warming an existential threat could exist at 1.5°


Question: David Spratt

It causes extinction---tipping points are certain and soon.

Spratt ’24 [David; December 2; Research Director, Breakthrough National Center for Climate Restoration, Founder, Climate Action Center, BS, Economics, Australian National University; Breakthrough Center; “Collision Course: 3-degrees of Warming and Humanity’s Future,” https://www.breakthroughonline.org.au/_files/ugd/148cb0_085aaeb2f1a1481789014b8e895ad23b.pdf]

the climate system are reaching tipping points centuries faster than projected models downplay non-linear processes the past is no longer a guide to the future. tail risks are expected and threaten society abrupt thawing of permafrost ; loss of all coral s ; collapse of A M O C can trigger loss of crops instability and collapse the Doomsday Glacier is near collapse Summer sea- ice has been lost permafrost source of g h g s boreal forests have raised emissions The Amazon has become a net source And the monsoon is heading to cause dieback all reefs extinct , land sinks collapsed absorbed no carbon collapse of AMOC 95% of occurring could happen within decades would flip the seasons half the world could dry out majority of scientists expect warming more than 3 and catastrophic impacts dystopian famines heatwaves and storms locked in unless emissions decline Only rapid near-term reductions are effective in reducing climate risks weather can result in failures in critical systems , water food energy trade , and security The IPCC leave out many tipping points feedbacks drive the Earth to no return Hothouse humans lack capacity to stop warming an existential threat could exist at 1.5°


Question: Climate tipping points cause extinction

It causes extinction---tipping points are certain and soon.

Spratt ’24 [David; December 2; Research Director, Breakthrough National Center for Climate Restoration, Founder, Climate Action Center, BS, Economics, Australian National University; Breakthrough Center; “Collision Course: 3-degrees of Warming and Humanity’s Future,” https://www.breakthroughonline.org.au/_files/ugd/148cb0_085aaeb2f1a1481789014b8e895ad23b.pdf]

the climate system are reaching tipping points centuries faster than projected models downplay non-linear processes the past is no longer a guide to the future. tail risks are expected and threaten society abrupt thawing of permafrost ; loss of all coral s ; collapse of A M O C can trigger loss of crops instability and collapse the Doomsday Glacier is near collapse Summer sea- ice has been lost permafrost source of g h g s boreal forests have raised emissions The Amazon has become a net source And the monsoon is heading to cause dieback all reefs extinct , land sinks collapsed absorbed no carbon collapse of AMOC 95% of occurring could happen within decades would flip the seasons half the world could dry out majority of scientists expect warming more than 3 and catastrophic impacts dystopian famines heatwaves and storms locked in unless emissions decline Only rapid near-term reductions are effective in reducing climate risks weather can result in failures in critical systems , water food energy trade , and security The IPCC leave out many tipping points feedbacks drive the Earth to no return Hothouse humans lack capacity to stop warming an existential threat could exist at 1.5°


Question: Tipping points faster than projected

It causes extinction---tipping points are certain and soon.

Spratt ’24 [David; December 2; Research Director, Breakthrough National Center for Climate Restoration, Founder, Climate Action Center, BS, Economics, Australian National University; Breakthrough Center; “Collision Course: 3-degrees of Warming and Humanity’s Future,” https://www.breakthroughonline.org.au/_files/ugd/148cb0_085aaeb2f1a1481789014b8e895ad23b.pdf]

the climate system are reaching tipping points centuries faster than projected models downplay non-linear processes the past is no longer a guide to the future. tail risks are expected and threaten society abrupt thawing of permafrost ; loss of all coral s ; collapse of A M O C can trigger loss of crops instability and collapse the Doomsday Glacier is near collapse Summer sea- ice has been lost permafrost source of g h g s boreal forests have raised emissions The Amazon has become a net source And the monsoon is heading to cause dieback all reefs extinct , land sinks collapsed absorbed no carbon collapse of AMOC 95% of occurring could happen within decades would flip the seasons half the world could dry out majority of scientists expect warming more than 3 and catastrophic impacts dystopian famines heatwaves and storms locked in unless emissions decline Only rapid near-term reductions are effective in reducing climate risks weather can result in failures in critical systems , water food energy trade , and security The IPCC leave out many tipping points feedbacks drive the Earth to no return Hothouse humans lack capacity to stop warming an existential threat could exist at 1.5°


Question: Rapid emissions reductions effective

It causes extinction---tipping points are certain and soon.

Spratt ’24 [David; December 2; Research Director, Breakthrough National Center for Climate Restoration, Founder, Climate Action Center, BS, Economics, Australian National University; Breakthrough Center; “Collision Course: 3-degrees of Warming and Humanity’s Future,” https://www.breakthroughonline.org.au/_files/ugd/148cb0_085aaeb2f1a1481789014b8e895ad23b.pdf]

the climate system are reaching tipping points centuries faster than projected models downplay non-linear processes the past is no longer a guide to the future. tail risks are expected and threaten society abrupt thawing of permafrost ; loss of all coral s ; collapse of A M O C can trigger loss of crops instability and collapse the Doomsday Glacier is near collapse Summer sea- ice has been lost permafrost source of g h g s boreal forests have raised emissions The Amazon has become a net source And the monsoon is heading to cause dieback all reefs extinct , land sinks collapsed absorbed no carbon collapse of AMOC 95% of occurring could happen within decades would flip the seasons half the world could dry out majority of scientists expect warming more than 3 and catastrophic impacts dystopian famines heatwaves and storms locked in unless emissions decline Only rapid near-term reductions are effective in reducing climate risks weather can result in failures in critical systems , water food energy trade , and security The IPCC leave out many tipping points feedbacks drive the Earth to no return Hothouse humans lack capacity to stop warming an existential threat could exist at 1.5°


Question: hothouse humans lack capacity

It causes extinction---tipping points are certain and soon.

Spratt ’24 [David; December 2; Research Director, Breakthrough National Center for Climate Restoration, Founder, Climate Action Center, BS, Economics, Australian National University; Breakthrough Center; “Collision Course: 3-degrees of Warming and Humanity’s Future,” https://www.breakthroughonline.org.au/_files/ugd/148cb0_085aaeb2f1a1481789014b8e895ad23b.pdf]

the climate system are reaching tipping points centuries faster than projected models downplay non-linear processes the past is no longer a guide to the future. tail risks are expected and threaten society abrupt thawing of permafrost ; loss of all coral s ; collapse of A M O C can trigger loss of crops instability and collapse the Doomsday Glacier is near collapse Summer sea- ice has been lost permafrost source of g h g s boreal forests have raised emissions The Amazon has become a net source And the monsoon is heading to cause dieback all reefs extinct , land sinks collapsed absorbed no carbon collapse of AMOC 95% of occurring could happen within decades would flip the seasons half the world could dry out majority of scientists expect warming more than 3 and catastrophic impacts dystopian famines heatwaves and storms locked in unless emissions decline Only rapid near-term reductions are effective in reducing climate risks weather can result in failures in critical systems , water food energy trade , and security The IPCC leave out many tipping points feedbacks drive the Earth to no return Hothouse humans lack capacity to stop warming an existential threat could exist at 1.5°


Question: climate system reaching tipping points

It causes extinction---tipping points are certain and soon.

Spratt ’24 [David; December 2; Research Director, Breakthrough National Center for Climate Restoration, Founder, Climate Action Center, BS, Economics, Australian National University; Breakthrough Center; “Collision Course: 3-degrees of Warming and Humanity’s Future,” https://www.breakthroughonline.org.au/_files/ugd/148cb0_085aaeb2f1a1481789014b8e895ad23b.pdf]

the climate system are reaching tipping points centuries faster than projected models downplay non-linear processes the past is no longer a guide to the future. tail risks are expected and threaten society abrupt thawing of permafrost ; loss of all coral s ; collapse of A M O C can trigger loss of crops instability and collapse the Doomsday Glacier is near collapse Summer sea- ice has been lost permafrost source of g h g s boreal forests have raised emissions The Amazon has become a net source And the monsoon is heading to cause dieback all reefs extinct , land sinks collapsed absorbed no carbon collapse of AMOC 95% of occurring could happen within decades would flip the seasons half the world could dry out majority of scientists expect warming more than 3 and catastrophic impacts dystopian famines heatwaves and storms locked in unless emissions decline Only rapid near-term reductions are effective in reducing climate risks weather can result in failures in critical systems , water food energy trade , and security The IPCC leave out many tipping points feedbacks drive the Earth to no return Hothouse humans lack capacity to stop warming an existential threat could exist at 1.5°


Question: water scarcity causes extinction

INDEPENDENTLY, water scarcity causes extinction.

Hughson 23, [Lindsey Angus Hughson has a long history of success in diverse fields such as mining, diamonds, and water security. In the world of dam design and construction, Angus Hughson has emerged as a prominent figure, making significant contributions to the field through his extensive knowledge and expertise. Since 2020, Angus has published a remarkable total of ten books, each delving deep into various aspects of dam design, construction techniques, and the associated challenges and solutions. “10 Reasons Why Water Is Important for the Survival of Civilization.” 2023. https://www.bigditch.com.au/10-reasons-why-water-is-important-for-the-survival-of-civilization/]//KAK

Without consistent supply of water agricultural yields  plummet , leading to famine. Water is a key component of energy production . Hydropower Healthy ecosystems are vital for maintaining ecological balance Water ensur their stability and resilience fundamental for reducing risk of waterborne illnesses , and promoting public health important role in regulating Earth’s climate water absorb and release heat more slowly helping to moderate temperature s acts as greenhouse gas sink Aquatic ecosystems are hotspots of biodiversity Without adequate water vital habitats would degrade , leading to loss of biod water scarcity lead to conflicts and unrest threatening stability of nations. Water is lifeblood of civilization


Question: Hughson 23

INDEPENDENTLY, water scarcity causes extinction.

Hughson 23, [Lindsey Angus Hughson has a long history of success in diverse fields such as mining, diamonds, and water security. In the world of dam design and construction, Angus Hughson has emerged as a prominent figure, making significant contributions to the field through his extensive knowledge and expertise. Since 2020, Angus has published a remarkable total of ten books, each delving deep into various aspects of dam design, construction techniques, and the associated challenges and solutions. “10 Reasons Why Water Is Important for the Survival of Civilization.” 2023. https://www.bigditch.com.au/10-reasons-why-water-is-important-for-the-survival-of-civilization/]//KAK

Without consistent supply of water agricultural yields  plummet , leading to famine. Water is a key component of energy production . Hydropower Healthy ecosystems are vital for maintaining ecological balance Water ensur their stability and resilience fundamental for reducing risk of waterborne illnesses , and promoting public health important role in regulating Earth’s climate water absorb and release heat more slowly helping to moderate temperature s acts as greenhouse gas sink Aquatic ecosystems are hotspots of biodiversity Without adequate water vital habitats would degrade , leading to loss of biod water scarcity lead to conflicts and unrest threatening stability of nations. Water is lifeblood of civilization


Question: Lindsey Angus Hughson

INDEPENDENTLY, water scarcity causes extinction.

Hughson 23, [Lindsey Angus Hughson has a long history of success in diverse fields such as mining, diamonds, and water security. In the world of dam design and construction, Angus Hughson has emerged as a prominent figure, making significant contributions to the field through his extensive knowledge and expertise. Since 2020, Angus has published a remarkable total of ten books, each delving deep into various aspects of dam design, construction techniques, and the associated challenges and solutions. “10 Reasons Why Water Is Important for the Survival of Civilization.” 2023. https://www.bigditch.com.au/10-reasons-why-water-is-important-for-the-survival-of-civilization/]//KAK

Without consistent supply of water agricultural yields  plummet , leading to famine. Water is a key component of energy production . Hydropower Healthy ecosystems are vital for maintaining ecological balance Water ensur their stability and resilience fundamental for reducing risk of waterborne illnesses , and promoting public health important role in regulating Earth’s climate water absorb and release heat more slowly helping to moderate temperature s acts as greenhouse gas sink Aquatic ecosystems are hotspots of biodiversity Without adequate water vital habitats would degrade , leading to loss of biod water scarcity lead to conflicts and unrest threatening stability of nations. Water is lifeblood of civilization


Question: water scarcity and extinction

INDEPENDENTLY, water scarcity causes extinction.

Hughson 23, [Lindsey Angus Hughson has a long history of success in diverse fields such as mining, diamonds, and water security. In the world of dam design and construction, Angus Hughson has emerged as a prominent figure, making significant contributions to the field through his extensive knowledge and expertise. Since 2020, Angus has published a remarkable total of ten books, each delving deep into various aspects of dam design, construction techniques, and the associated challenges and solutions. “10 Reasons Why Water Is Important for the Survival of Civilization.” 2023. https://www.bigditch.com.au/10-reasons-why-water-is-important-for-the-survival-of-civilization/]//KAK

Without consistent supply of water agricultural yields  plummet , leading to famine. Water is a key component of energy production . Hydropower Healthy ecosystems are vital for maintaining ecological balance Water ensur their stability and resilience fundamental for reducing risk of waterborne illnesses , and promoting public health important role in regulating Earth’s climate water absorb and release heat more slowly helping to moderate temperature s acts as greenhouse gas sink Aquatic ecosystems are hotspots of biodiversity Without adequate water vital habitats would degrade , leading to loss of biod water scarcity lead to conflicts and unrest threatening stability of nations. Water is lifeblood of civilization


Question: water is lifeblood of civilization

INDEPENDENTLY, water scarcity causes extinction.

Hughson 23, [Lindsey Angus Hughson has a long history of success in diverse fields such as mining, diamonds, and water security. In the world of dam design and construction, Angus Hughson has emerged as a prominent figure, making significant contributions to the field through his extensive knowledge and expertise. Since 2020, Angus has published a remarkable total of ten books, each delving deep into various aspects of dam design, construction techniques, and the associated challenges and solutions. “10 Reasons Why Water Is Important for the Survival of Civilization.” 2023. https://www.bigditch.com.au/10-reasons-why-water-is-important-for-the-survival-of-civilization/]//KAK

Without consistent supply of water agricultural yields  plummet , leading to famine. Water is a key component of energy production . Hydropower Healthy ecosystems are vital for maintaining ecological balance Water ensur their stability and resilience fundamental for reducing risk of waterborne illnesses , and promoting public health important role in regulating Earth’s climate water absorb and release heat more slowly helping to moderate temperature s acts as greenhouse gas sink Aquatic ecosystems are hotspots of biodiversity Without adequate water vital habitats would degrade , leading to loss of biod water scarcity lead to conflicts and unrest threatening stability of nations. Water is lifeblood of civilization


Question: water scarcity causes conflicts

INDEPENDENTLY, water scarcity causes extinction.

Hughson 23, [Lindsey Angus Hughson has a long history of success in diverse fields such as mining, diamonds, and water security. In the world of dam design and construction, Angus Hughson has emerged as a prominent figure, making significant contributions to the field through his extensive knowledge and expertise. Since 2020, Angus has published a remarkable total of ten books, each delving deep into various aspects of dam design, construction techniques, and the associated challenges and solutions. “10 Reasons Why Water Is Important for the Survival of Civilization.” 2023. https://www.bigditch.com.au/10-reasons-why-water-is-important-for-the-survival-of-civilization/]//KAK

Without consistent supply of water agricultural yields  plummet , leading to famine. Water is a key component of energy production . Hydropower Healthy ecosystems are vital for maintaining ecological balance Water ensur their stability and resilience fundamental for reducing risk of waterborne illnesses , and promoting public health important role in regulating Earth’s climate water absorb and release heat more slowly helping to moderate temperature s acts as greenhouse gas sink Aquatic ecosystems are hotspots of biodiversity Without adequate water vital habitats would degrade , leading to loss of biod water scarcity lead to conflicts and unrest threatening stability of nations. Water is lifeblood of civilization


Question: water scarcity agriculture

INDEPENDENTLY, water scarcity causes extinction.

Hughson 23, [Lindsey Angus Hughson has a long history of success in diverse fields such as mining, diamonds, and water security. In the world of dam design and construction, Angus Hughson has emerged as a prominent figure, making significant contributions to the field through his extensive knowledge and expertise. Since 2020, Angus has published a remarkable total of ten books, each delving deep into various aspects of dam design, construction techniques, and the associated challenges and solutions. “10 Reasons Why Water Is Important for the Survival of Civilization.” 2023. https://www.bigditch.com.au/10-reasons-why-water-is-important-for-the-survival-of-civilization/]//KAK

Without consistent supply of water agricultural yields  plummet , leading to famine. Water is a key component of energy production . Hydropower Healthy ecosystems are vital for maintaining ecological balance Water ensur their stability and resilience fundamental for reducing risk of waterborne illnesses , and promoting public health important role in regulating Earth’s climate water absorb and release heat more slowly helping to moderate temperature s acts as greenhouse gas sink Aquatic ecosystems are hotspots of biodiversity Without adequate water vital habitats would degrade , leading to loss of biod water scarcity lead to conflicts and unrest threatening stability of nations. Water is lifeblood of civilization


Question: unchecked inflation global wars

Unchecked inflation triggers global wars.

Brands 22, PhD, Distinguished Professor of Global Affairs at the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies. (Hal, 1-20-2022, "Inflation’s Biggest Risk Is Geopolitical Unrest," American Enterprise Institute, https://www.aei.org/op-eds/inflations-biggest-risk-is-geopolitical-unrest/)

inflation could have corrosive effects on the U.S.-led order where there is revolutionary kindling inflation can provide the fatal spark rising prices contributed to the French Rev and Arab Spring Inflation is demoralizing because it makes growth meaningless It gives credence that America’s problems are at home and threatens a distracted superpower as threats intensify


Question: Brands 22

Unchecked inflation triggers global wars.

Brands 22, PhD, Distinguished Professor of Global Affairs at the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies. (Hal, 1-20-2022, "Inflation’s Biggest Risk Is Geopolitical Unrest," American Enterprise Institute, https://www.aei.org/op-eds/inflations-biggest-risk-is-geopolitical-unrest/)

inflation could have corrosive effects on the U.S.-led order where there is revolutionary kindling inflation can provide the fatal spark rising prices contributed to the French Rev and Arab Spring Inflation is demoralizing because it makes growth meaningless It gives credence that America’s problems are at home and threatens a distracted superpower as threats intensify


Question: Hal Brands

Unchecked inflation triggers global wars.

Brands 22, PhD, Distinguished Professor of Global Affairs at the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies. (Hal, 1-20-2022, "Inflation’s Biggest Risk Is Geopolitical Unrest," American Enterprise Institute, https://www.aei.org/op-eds/inflations-biggest-risk-is-geopolitical-unrest/)

inflation could have corrosive effects on the U.S.-led order where there is revolutionary kindling inflation can provide the fatal spark rising prices contributed to the French Rev and Arab Spring Inflation is demoralizing because it makes growth meaningless It gives credence that America’s problems are at home and threatens a distracted superpower as threats intensify


Question: inflation triggers wars

Unchecked inflation triggers global wars.

Brands 22, PhD, Distinguished Professor of Global Affairs at the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies. (Hal, 1-20-2022, "Inflation’s Biggest Risk Is Geopolitical Unrest," American Enterprise Institute, https://www.aei.org/op-eds/inflations-biggest-risk-is-geopolitical-unrest/)

inflation could have corrosive effects on the U.S.-led order where there is revolutionary kindling inflation can provide the fatal spark rising prices contributed to the French Rev and Arab Spring Inflation is demoralizing because it makes growth meaningless It gives credence that America’s problems are at home and threatens a distracted superpower as threats intensify


Question: inflation geopolitical unrest

Unchecked inflation triggers global wars.

Brands 22, PhD, Distinguished Professor of Global Affairs at the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies. (Hal, 1-20-2022, "Inflation’s Biggest Risk Is Geopolitical Unrest," American Enterprise Institute, https://www.aei.org/op-eds/inflations-biggest-risk-is-geopolitical-unrest/)

inflation could have corrosive effects on the U.S.-led order where there is revolutionary kindling inflation can provide the fatal spark rising prices contributed to the French Rev and Arab Spring Inflation is demoralizing because it makes growth meaningless It gives credence that America’s problems are at home and threatens a distracted superpower as threats intensify


Question: rising prices cause revolution

Unchecked inflation triggers global wars.

Brands 22, PhD, Distinguished Professor of Global Affairs at the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies. (Hal, 1-20-2022, "Inflation’s Biggest Risk Is Geopolitical Unrest," American Enterprise Institute, https://www.aei.org/op-eds/inflations-biggest-risk-is-geopolitical-unrest/)

inflation could have corrosive effects on the U.S.-led order where there is revolutionary kindling inflation can provide the fatal spark rising prices contributed to the French Rev and Arab Spring Inflation is demoralizing because it makes growth meaningless It gives credence that America’s problems are at home and threatens a distracted superpower as threats intensify


Question: inflation demoralizing growth meaningless

Unchecked inflation triggers global wars.

Brands 22, PhD, Distinguished Professor of Global Affairs at the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies. (Hal, 1-20-2022, "Inflation’s Biggest Risk Is Geopolitical Unrest," American Enterprise Institute, https://www.aei.org/op-eds/inflations-biggest-risk-is-geopolitical-unrest/)

inflation could have corrosive effects on the U.S.-led order where there is revolutionary kindling inflation can provide the fatal spark rising prices contributed to the French Rev and Arab Spring Inflation is demoralizing because it makes growth meaningless It gives credence that America’s problems are at home and threatens a distracted superpower as threats intensify


Question: Transition causes permanent inflation

Transition generates permanent upward inflationary pressure---the combination of spending, pricing, mineral demand, AND energy density make it inevitable.

Kim ’24 [Jinsoo and Changwoo Chung; November; Professor of Resources, Economy, and Policy in the Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering at Hanyang University; PhD Candidate, Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University; Energy Economics, “Greenflation, a myth or fact? Empirical evidence from 26 OECD countries,” vol. 139]

spending on transition install new infra retrofit conventional incentives and stimulus checks expenditure generate upward inflationary pressures surge in spending lead to heightened inflation low-carbon tech amplify consumption drive up demand generate inflation spending within energy sector have inflationary effect carbon pricing lead to high costs directly increase production costs and reduce profits mineral demand renewable necessitate more materials prices rise due to increasing demands and inadequate supplies threatens trajectory of cost reduction excessive demand lack of diversification supply constraints upward pressure on prices low energy density requires more resources to replace non-renewable density three orders greater than renewable


Question: Kim 24 greenflation

Transition generates permanent upward inflationary pressure---the combination of spending, pricing, mineral demand, AND energy density make it inevitable.

Kim ’24 [Jinsoo and Changwoo Chung; November; Professor of Resources, Economy, and Policy in the Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering at Hanyang University; PhD Candidate, Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University; Energy Economics, “Greenflation, a myth or fact? Empirical evidence from 26 OECD countries,” vol. 139]

spending on transition install new infra retrofit conventional incentives and stimulus checks expenditure generate upward inflationary pressures surge in spending lead to heightened inflation low-carbon tech amplify consumption drive up demand generate inflation spending within energy sector have inflationary effect carbon pricing lead to high costs directly increase production costs and reduce profits mineral demand renewable necessitate more materials prices rise due to increasing demands and inadequate supplies threatens trajectory of cost reduction excessive demand lack of diversification supply constraints upward pressure on prices low energy density requires more resources to replace non-renewable density three orders greater than renewable


Question: transition spending inflationary

Transition generates permanent upward inflationary pressure---the combination of spending, pricing, mineral demand, AND energy density make it inevitable.

Kim ’24 [Jinsoo and Changwoo Chung; November; Professor of Resources, Economy, and Policy in the Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering at Hanyang University; PhD Candidate, Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University; Energy Economics, “Greenflation, a myth or fact? Empirical evidence from 26 OECD countries,” vol. 139]

spending on transition install new infra retrofit conventional incentives and stimulus checks expenditure generate upward inflationary pressures surge in spending lead to heightened inflation low-carbon tech amplify consumption drive up demand generate inflation spending within energy sector have inflationary effect carbon pricing lead to high costs directly increase production costs and reduce profits mineral demand renewable necessitate more materials prices rise due to increasing demands and inadequate supplies threatens trajectory of cost reduction excessive demand lack of diversification supply constraints upward pressure on prices low energy density requires more resources to replace non-renewable density three orders greater than renewable


Question: mineral demand causes prices to rise

Transition generates permanent upward inflationary pressure---the combination of spending, pricing, mineral demand, AND energy density make it inevitable.

Kim ’24 [Jinsoo and Changwoo Chung; November; Professor of Resources, Economy, and Policy in the Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering at Hanyang University; PhD Candidate, Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University; Energy Economics, “Greenflation, a myth or fact? Empirical evidence from 26 OECD countries,” vol. 139]

spending on transition install new infra retrofit conventional incentives and stimulus checks expenditure generate upward inflationary pressures surge in spending lead to heightened inflation low-carbon tech amplify consumption drive up demand generate inflation spending within energy sector have inflationary effect carbon pricing lead to high costs directly increase production costs and reduce profits mineral demand renewable necessitate more materials prices rise due to increasing demands and inadequate supplies threatens trajectory of cost reduction excessive demand lack of diversification supply constraints upward pressure on prices low energy density requires more resources to replace non-renewable density three orders greater than renewable


Question: low energy density more resources

Transition generates permanent upward inflationary pressure---the combination of spending, pricing, mineral demand, AND energy density make it inevitable.

Kim ’24 [Jinsoo and Changwoo Chung; November; Professor of Resources, Economy, and Policy in the Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering at Hanyang University; PhD Candidate, Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University; Energy Economics, “Greenflation, a myth or fact? Empirical evidence from 26 OECD countries,” vol. 139]

spending on transition install new infra retrofit conventional incentives and stimulus checks expenditure generate upward inflationary pressures surge in spending lead to heightened inflation low-carbon tech amplify consumption drive up demand generate inflation spending within energy sector have inflationary effect carbon pricing lead to high costs directly increase production costs and reduce profits mineral demand renewable necessitate more materials prices rise due to increasing demands and inadequate supplies threatens trajectory of cost reduction excessive demand lack of diversification supply constraints upward pressure on prices low energy density requires more resources to replace non-renewable density three orders greater than renewable


Question: greenflation reality

Transition generates permanent upward inflationary pressure---the combination of spending, pricing, mineral demand, AND energy density make it inevitable.

Kim ’24 [Jinsoo and Changwoo Chung; November; Professor of Resources, Economy, and Policy in the Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering at Hanyang University; PhD Candidate, Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University; Energy Economics, “Greenflation, a myth or fact? Empirical evidence from 26 OECD countries,” vol. 139]

spending on transition install new infra retrofit conventional incentives and stimulus checks expenditure generate upward inflationary pressures surge in spending lead to heightened inflation low-carbon tech amplify consumption drive up demand generate inflation spending within energy sector have inflationary effect carbon pricing lead to high costs directly increase production costs and reduce profits mineral demand renewable necessitate more materials prices rise due to increasing demands and inadequate supplies threatens trajectory of cost reduction excessive demand lack of diversification supply constraints upward pressure on prices low energy density requires more resources to replace non-renewable density three orders greater than renewable


Question: transition spending causes inflation

Transition generates permanent upward inflationary pressure---the combination of spending, pricing, mineral demand, AND energy density make it inevitable.

Kim ’24 [Jinsoo and Changwoo Chung; November; Professor of Resources, Economy, and Policy in the Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering at Hanyang University; PhD Candidate, Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University; Energy Economics, “Greenflation, a myth or fact? Empirical evidence from 26 OECD countries,” vol. 139]

spending on transition install new infra retrofit conventional incentives and stimulus checks expenditure generate upward inflationary pressures surge in spending lead to heightened inflation low-carbon tech amplify consumption drive up demand generate inflation spending within energy sector have inflationary effect carbon pricing lead to high costs directly increase production costs and reduce profits mineral demand renewable necessitate more materials prices rise due to increasing demands and inadequate supplies threatens trajectory of cost reduction excessive demand lack of diversification supply constraints upward pressure on prices low energy density requires more resources to replace non-renewable density three orders greater than renewable


Question: No Middle East war

No Middle East war and economic weakness prevents escalation.

Kaye 22, Senior Fellow, University of California Los Angeles Burkle Center for International Relations, former director, Center for Middle East Public Policy, RAND (Dalia Dassa Kaye, 2022, “America’s Role in a Post-American Middle East,” The Washington Quarterly, Vol. 45, No. 1, University of Kansas Libraries, Springer)

states are realigning Saudi the UAE , and Turkey began off ramps to regional wars as they de-escalate conflict with Iran Amid pandemic and econ downturns wars were unsustainable states began normalizing relations America increased concern over Iran partners nonetheless kept the door open Even staunchest in Saudi opened talks with Iran and increased engagement


Question: Kaye 22

No Middle East war and economic weakness prevents escalation.

Kaye 22, Senior Fellow, University of California Los Angeles Burkle Center for International Relations, former director, Center for Middle East Public Policy, RAND (Dalia Dassa Kaye, 2022, “America’s Role in a Post-American Middle East,” The Washington Quarterly, Vol. 45, No. 1, University of Kansas Libraries, Springer)

states are realigning Saudi the UAE , and Turkey began off ramps to regional wars as they de-escalate conflict with Iran Amid pandemic and econ downturns wars were unsustainable states began normalizing relations America increased concern over Iran partners nonetheless kept the door open Even staunchest in Saudi opened talks with Iran and increased engagement


Question: Middle East war unsustainable

No Middle East war and economic weakness prevents escalation.

Kaye 22, Senior Fellow, University of California Los Angeles Burkle Center for International Relations, former director, Center for Middle East Public Policy, RAND (Dalia Dassa Kaye, 2022, “America’s Role in a Post-American Middle East,” The Washington Quarterly, Vol. 45, No. 1, University of Kansas Libraries, Springer)

states are realigning Saudi the UAE , and Turkey began off ramps to regional wars as they de-escalate conflict with Iran Amid pandemic and econ downturns wars were unsustainable states began normalizing relations America increased concern over Iran partners nonetheless kept the door open Even staunchest in Saudi opened talks with Iran and increased engagement


Question: econ downturns wars unsustainable

No Middle East war and economic weakness prevents escalation.

Kaye 22, Senior Fellow, University of California Los Angeles Burkle Center for International Relations, former director, Center for Middle East Public Policy, RAND (Dalia Dassa Kaye, 2022, “America’s Role in a Post-American Middle East,” The Washington Quarterly, Vol. 45, No. 1, University of Kansas Libraries, Springer)

states are realigning Saudi the UAE , and Turkey began off ramps to regional wars as they de-escalate conflict with Iran Amid pandemic and econ downturns wars were unsustainable states began normalizing relations America increased concern over Iran partners nonetheless kept the door open Even staunchest in Saudi opened talks with Iran and increased engagement


Question: America's role Middle East

No Middle East war and economic weakness prevents escalation.

Kaye 22, Senior Fellow, University of California Los Angeles Burkle Center for International Relations, former director, Center for Middle East Public Policy, RAND (Dalia Dassa Kaye, 2022, “America’s Role in a Post-American Middle East,” The Washington Quarterly, Vol. 45, No. 1, University of Kansas Libraries, Springer)

states are realigning Saudi the UAE , and Turkey began off ramps to regional wars as they de-escalate conflict with Iran Amid pandemic and econ downturns wars were unsustainable states began normalizing relations America increased concern over Iran partners nonetheless kept the door open Even staunchest in Saudi opened talks with Iran and increased engagement


Question: Middle East de-escalation conflict Iran

No Middle East war and economic weakness prevents escalation.

Kaye 22, Senior Fellow, University of California Los Angeles Burkle Center for International Relations, former director, Center for Middle East Public Policy, RAND (Dalia Dassa Kaye, 2022, “America’s Role in a Post-American Middle East,” The Washington Quarterly, Vol. 45, No. 1, University of Kansas Libraries, Springer)

states are realigning Saudi the UAE , and Turkey began off ramps to regional wars as they de-escalate conflict with Iran Amid pandemic and econ downturns wars were unsustainable states began normalizing relations America increased concern over Iran partners nonetheless kept the door open Even staunchest in Saudi opened talks with Iran and increased engagement


Question: Middle East normalizing relations

No Middle East war and economic weakness prevents escalation.

Kaye 22, Senior Fellow, University of California Los Angeles Burkle Center for International Relations, former director, Center for Middle East Public Policy, RAND (Dalia Dassa Kaye, 2022, “America’s Role in a Post-American Middle East,” The Washington Quarterly, Vol. 45, No. 1, University of Kansas Libraries, Springer)

states are realigning Saudi the UAE , and Turkey began off ramps to regional wars as they de-escalate conflict with Iran Amid pandemic and econ downturns wars were unsustainable states began normalizing relations America increased concern over Iran partners nonetheless kept the door open Even staunchest in Saudi opened talks with Iran and increased engagement


Question: rebates key to competitiveness

2. Rebates are key to competitiveness in foreign markets – that’s Hillman the impact is leakage.

<<<Inserting 1AC Hillman>>>

because taxes can be rebated when goods are exported companies will not be at a disadvantage


Question: Hillman rebates

2. Rebates are key to competitiveness in foreign markets – that’s Hillman the impact is leakage.

<<<Inserting 1AC Hillman>>>

because taxes can be rebated when goods are exported companies will not be at a disadvantage


Question: taxes rebated when exported

2. Rebates are key to competitiveness in foreign markets – that’s Hillman the impact is leakage.

<<<Inserting 1AC Hillman>>>

because taxes can be rebated when goods are exported companies will not be at a disadvantage


Question: Hillman impact is leakage

2. Rebates are key to competitiveness in foreign markets – that’s Hillman the impact is leakage.

<<<Inserting 1AC Hillman>>>

because taxes can be rebated when goods are exported companies will not be at a disadvantage


Question: companies not at disadvantage

2. Rebates are key to competitiveness in foreign markets – that’s Hillman the impact is leakage.

<<<Inserting 1AC Hillman>>>

because taxes can be rebated when goods are exported companies will not be at a disadvantage


Question: climate action unlikely recession

Those investors currently perceive that meaningful climate action is incredibly unlikely. Unanticipated change spurs rapid stranding as the value of carbon assets immediately plummets, which ripples across the financial system and causes recession

Martins and Hendry 24 – Senior Research Fellow in Economics at the Global Priorities Institute at the University of Oxford, Professor at Imperial College London, PhD and M.A. in Economics from the University of Minho; Co-director of Climate Econometrics, Senior Research Fellow, and Professor of Economics at Oxford University, former President of the Royal Economic Society, PhD and MSc in Economics from the University of London, holder of 8 honorary doctorates.

inefficiently pricing climate risks creat a carbon bubble’ Investment s are starting to retreat from fossil fuel the timing and speed of transition could lead to sudden unanticipated adjustments  expectations about policies contribute to transition risk  by prompting reassessment of assets disorderly transition will result if investors fail to anticipate climate policies precipitating large falls in values These will be amplified by interconnectedness of the financial system workers may be stranded’ falling property values lead to widespread mortgage defaults creating another Great Recession


Question: Martins and Hendry 24

Those investors currently perceive that meaningful climate action is incredibly unlikely. Unanticipated change spurs rapid stranding as the value of carbon assets immediately plummets, which ripples across the financial system and causes recession

Martins and Hendry 24 – Senior Research Fellow in Economics at the Global Priorities Institute at the University of Oxford, Professor at Imperial College London, PhD and M.A. in Economics from the University of Minho; Co-director of Climate Econometrics, Senior Research Fellow, and Professor of Economics at Oxford University, former President of the Royal Economic Society, PhD and MSc in Economics from the University of London, holder of 8 honorary doctorates.

inefficiently pricing climate risks creat a carbon bubble’ Investment s are starting to retreat from fossil fuel the timing and speed of transition could lead to sudden unanticipated adjustments  expectations about policies contribute to transition risk  by prompting reassessment of assets disorderly transition will result if investors fail to anticipate climate policies precipitating large falls in values These will be amplified by interconnectedness of the financial system workers may be stranded’ falling property values lead to widespread mortgage defaults creating another Great Recession


Question: carbon asset plummet

Those investors currently perceive that meaningful climate action is incredibly unlikely. Unanticipated change spurs rapid stranding as the value of carbon assets immediately plummets, which ripples across the financial system and causes recession

Martins and Hendry 24 – Senior Research Fellow in Economics at the Global Priorities Institute at the University of Oxford, Professor at Imperial College London, PhD and M.A. in Economics from the University of Minho; Co-director of Climate Econometrics, Senior Research Fellow, and Professor of Economics at Oxford University, former President of the Royal Economic Society, PhD and MSc in Economics from the University of London, holder of 8 honorary doctorates.

inefficiently pricing climate risks creat a carbon bubble’ Investment s are starting to retreat from fossil fuel the timing and speed of transition could lead to sudden unanticipated adjustments  expectations about policies contribute to transition risk  by prompting reassessment of assets disorderly transition will result if investors fail to anticipate climate policies precipitating large falls in values These will be amplified by interconnectedness of the financial system workers may be stranded’ falling property values lead to widespread mortgage defaults creating another Great Recession


Question: disorderly transition recession

Those investors currently perceive that meaningful climate action is incredibly unlikely. Unanticipated change spurs rapid stranding as the value of carbon assets immediately plummets, which ripples across the financial system and causes recession

Martins and Hendry 24 – Senior Research Fellow in Economics at the Global Priorities Institute at the University of Oxford, Professor at Imperial College London, PhD and M.A. in Economics from the University of Minho; Co-director of Climate Econometrics, Senior Research Fellow, and Professor of Economics at Oxford University, former President of the Royal Economic Society, PhD and MSc in Economics from the University of London, holder of 8 honorary doctorates.

inefficiently pricing climate risks creat a carbon bubble’ Investment s are starting to retreat from fossil fuel the timing and speed of transition could lead to sudden unanticipated adjustments  expectations about policies contribute to transition risk  by prompting reassessment of assets disorderly transition will result if investors fail to anticipate climate policies precipitating large falls in values These will be amplified by interconnectedness of the financial system workers may be stranded’ falling property values lead to widespread mortgage defaults creating another Great Recession


Question: climate risk carbon bubble

Those investors currently perceive that meaningful climate action is incredibly unlikely. Unanticipated change spurs rapid stranding as the value of carbon assets immediately plummets, which ripples across the financial system and causes recession

Martins and Hendry 24 – Senior Research Fellow in Economics at the Global Priorities Institute at the University of Oxford, Professor at Imperial College London, PhD and M.A. in Economics from the University of Minho; Co-director of Climate Econometrics, Senior Research Fellow, and Professor of Economics at Oxford University, former President of the Royal Economic Society, PhD and MSc in Economics from the University of London, holder of 8 honorary doctorates.

inefficiently pricing climate risks creat a carbon bubble’ Investment s are starting to retreat from fossil fuel the timing and speed of transition could lead to sudden unanticipated adjustments  expectations about policies contribute to transition risk  by prompting reassessment of assets disorderly transition will result if investors fail to anticipate climate policies precipitating large falls in values These will be amplified by interconnectedness of the financial system workers may be stranded’ falling property values lead to widespread mortgage defaults creating another Great Recession


Question: investors fail to anticipate climate policies

Those investors currently perceive that meaningful climate action is incredibly unlikely. Unanticipated change spurs rapid stranding as the value of carbon assets immediately plummets, which ripples across the financial system and causes recession

Martins and Hendry 24 – Senior Research Fellow in Economics at the Global Priorities Institute at the University of Oxford, Professor at Imperial College London, PhD and M.A. in Economics from the University of Minho; Co-director of Climate Econometrics, Senior Research Fellow, and Professor of Economics at Oxford University, former President of the Royal Economic Society, PhD and MSc in Economics from the University of London, holder of 8 honorary doctorates.

inefficiently pricing climate risks creat a carbon bubble’ Investment s are starting to retreat from fossil fuel the timing and speed of transition could lead to sudden unanticipated adjustments  expectations about policies contribute to transition risk  by prompting reassessment of assets disorderly transition will result if investors fail to anticipate climate policies precipitating large falls in values These will be amplified by interconnectedness of the financial system workers may be stranded’ falling property values lead to widespread mortgage defaults creating another Great Recession


Question: carbon bubble recession

Those investors currently perceive that meaningful climate action is incredibly unlikely. Unanticipated change spurs rapid stranding as the value of carbon assets immediately plummets, which ripples across the financial system and causes recession

Martins and Hendry 24 – Senior Research Fellow in Economics at the Global Priorities Institute at the University of Oxford, Professor at Imperial College London, PhD and M.A. in Economics from the University of Minho; Co-director of Climate Econometrics, Senior Research Fellow, and Professor of Economics at Oxford University, former President of the Royal Economic Society, PhD and MSc in Economics from the University of London, holder of 8 honorary doctorates.

inefficiently pricing climate risks creat a carbon bubble’ Investment s are starting to retreat from fossil fuel the timing and speed of transition could lead to sudden unanticipated adjustments  expectations about policies contribute to transition risk  by prompting reassessment of assets disorderly transition will result if investors fail to anticipate climate policies precipitating large falls in values These will be amplified by interconnectedness of the financial system workers may be stranded’ falling property values lead to widespread mortgage defaults creating another Great Recession


Question: sonic method repetition economy

The 1AC’s sonic method is an effect of the repetition economy. The remix and repeat of performances have become a method of social control through the emphasis on neoliberal consumption and accumulation under the subjectivity of the collector.

Di Leo 18, Dean of the School of Arts and Sciences @ UHouston-Victoria. (Jeffrey R. 2018, “Late Capitalism on Vinyl: Neoliberalism, Biopolitics, and Music,” CR: The New Centennial Review 18, no. 2, doi:10.14321/crnewcentrevi.18.2.0107,)

music is trapped and preserved Recording has always been a means of social control allows power to not just “enact its legitimacy” but also to stockpile memory of its power revolutionized through recording but also music goes to essence of Western technology’s transition from representation to repetition coupled with the stockpiling of power through the revolution in recording music is transformed into a unique type of commodity to become a stockpileable consumer product talk less about content and expression than biopolitical economy of music heralded by stockpiling more about consumption of music and the industry that emerges music became an industry, and its consumption ceased to be collective Music announces the entry of the sign into the general economy we can see music become a commodity that would be overturned by “repetition,” first repetition was money Recorded music contains use-time was being stockpiled, while in fact what was being stockpiled was coded noise with a specific ritual function, or use-time” people must devote their time to producing the means to buy recordings losing not only their own time, but also the time required to use other people’s time Stockpiling becomes a substitute, for use . People buy more records than they can listen to. They stockpile what they want to find the time to hear. repetitive distribution also fosters an ideal of health, or life people no longer talk They hear noises of the commodities dreams of sociality and transcendence dwell purity silencing drives and reducing it to silence they have nothing more to say because it no longer has a meaningful discourse because spectacle is now only one form of repetition among others prelude to a cold social silence history of noise control says much about political order Dylan Public Enemy no more or less political than any other music Homo musicus merges with Homo economicus destruction of old codes and the emptying of its meaning stockpiling allows new type of satisfaction or pleasure pleasure of stockpiling Thus replicated man” can produce pleasure at will by simply spinning some vinyl or just collecting it describes the growth of this industry characterized b neoliberal thought namely statistical methods but also on technology changes what economics means those who resist neoliberalism but collect records like animal rights advocate who enjoys good steak starting point to consider the resurgence of records and resiliency of neoliberalism


Question: Di Leo 18

The 1AC’s sonic method is an effect of the repetition economy. The remix and repeat of performances have become a method of social control through the emphasis on neoliberal consumption and accumulation under the subjectivity of the collector.

Di Leo 18, Dean of the School of Arts and Sciences @ UHouston-Victoria. (Jeffrey R. 2018, “Late Capitalism on Vinyl: Neoliberalism, Biopolitics, and Music,” CR: The New Centennial Review 18, no. 2, doi:10.14321/crnewcentrevi.18.2.0107,)

music is trapped and preserved Recording has always been a means of social control allows power to not just “enact its legitimacy” but also to stockpile memory of its power revolutionized through recording but also music goes to essence of Western technology’s transition from representation to repetition coupled with the stockpiling of power through the revolution in recording music is transformed into a unique type of commodity to become a stockpileable consumer product talk less about content and expression than biopolitical economy of music heralded by stockpiling more about consumption of music and the industry that emerges music became an industry, and its consumption ceased to be collective Music announces the entry of the sign into the general economy we can see music become a commodity that would be overturned by “repetition,” first repetition was money Recorded music contains use-time was being stockpiled, while in fact what was being stockpiled was coded noise with a specific ritual function, or use-time” people must devote their time to producing the means to buy recordings losing not only their own time, but also the time required to use other people’s time Stockpiling becomes a substitute, for use . People buy more records than they can listen to. They stockpile what they want to find the time to hear. repetitive distribution also fosters an ideal of health, or life people no longer talk They hear noises of the commodities dreams of sociality and transcendence dwell purity silencing drives and reducing it to silence they have nothing more to say because it no longer has a meaningful discourse because spectacle is now only one form of repetition among others prelude to a cold social silence history of noise control says much about political order Dylan Public Enemy no more or less political than any other music Homo musicus merges with Homo economicus destruction of old codes and the emptying of its meaning stockpiling allows new type of satisfaction or pleasure pleasure of stockpiling Thus replicated man” can produce pleasure at will by simply spinning some vinyl or just collecting it describes the growth of this industry characterized b neoliberal thought namely statistical methods but also on technology changes what economics means those who resist neoliberalism but collect records like animal rights advocate who enjoys good steak starting point to consider the resurgence of records and resiliency of neoliberalism