Question: martin 9/4

They have yet to create an impression of Harris.

Martin 9/4, [Michel Martin is a host of Morning Edition. Previously, she was the weekend host of All Things Considered and host of the Consider This Saturday podcast, where she drew on her deep reporting and interviewing experience to dig in to the week's news. Outside the studio, she has also hosted "Michel Martin: Going There," an ambitious live event series in collaboration with Member stations. Martin came to NPR in 2006 and launched Tell Me More, a one-hour daily NPR news and talk show that aired on NPR stations nationwide from 2007-2014 and dipped into thousands of important conversations taking place in the corridors of power, but also in houses of worship, and barber shops and beauty shops, at PTA meetings, town halls, and at the kitchen table. She has spent more than 25 years as a journalist — first in print with major newspapers and then in television. Tell Me More marked her debut as a full-time public radio show host. Martin says, "What makes public radio special is that it's got both intimacy and reach all at once. For the cost of a phone call, I can take you around the world. But I'm right there with you in your car, in your living room or kitchen or office, in your iPod. Radio itself is an incredible tool and when you combine that with the global resources of NPR plus the commitment to quality, responsibility and civility, it's an unbeatable combination." Martin has also served as contributor and substitute host for NPR newsmagazines and talk shows, including Talk of the Nation and News & Notes. Martin joined NPR from ABC News, where she worked since 1992. She served as correspondent for Nightline from 1996 to 2006, reporting on such subjects as the congressional budget battles, the U.S. embassy bombings in Africa, racial profiling and the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina. At ABC, she also contributed to numerous programs and specials, including the network's award-winning coverage of Sept. 11, a documentary on the Anita Hill-Clarence Thomas controversy, a critically acclaimed AIDS special and reports for the ongoing series "America in Black and White." Martin reported for the ABC newsmagazine Day One, winning an Emmy for her coverage of the international campaign to ban the use of landmines, and was a regular panelist on This Week with George Stephanopoulos. She also hosted the 13-episode series Life 360, an innovative program partnership between Oregon Public Broadcasting and Nightline incorporating documentary film, performance and personal narrative; it aired on public television stations across the country. Before joining ABC, Martin covered state and local politics for the Washington Post and national politics and policy at the Wall Street Journal, where she was White House correspondent. She has also been a regular panelist on the PBS series Washington Week and a contributor to NOW with Bill Moyers. Martin has been honored by numerous organizations, including the Candace Award for Communications from The National Coalition of 100 Black Women, the Joan Barone Award for Excellence in Washington-based National Affairs/Public Policy Broadcasting from the Radio and Television Correspondents' Association and a 2002 Silver Gavel Award, given by the American Bar Association. Along with her Emmy award, she received three additional Emmy nominations, including one with WNYC's Robert Krulwich, at the time an ABC contributor as well, for an ABC News program examining children's racial attitudes. In 2019, Martin was elected into the American Academy of Arts and Sciences for outstanding achievement in journalism. She is the 2021 recipient of PMJA's 2021 Leo C. Lee Award.]

main thing undecided voters have in common is they're low-info voters They're not tuned in every day they have not been getting stream of info about difference between Trump and Harris they're saying they really haven't focused yet 15% of the population


Question: Michel Martin

They have yet to create an impression of Harris.

Martin 9/4, [Michel Martin is a host of Morning Edition. Previously, she was the weekend host of All Things Considered and host of the Consider This Saturday podcast, where she drew on her deep reporting and interviewing experience to dig in to the week's news. Outside the studio, she has also hosted "Michel Martin: Going There," an ambitious live event series in collaboration with Member stations. Martin came to NPR in 2006 and launched Tell Me More, a one-hour daily NPR news and talk show that aired on NPR stations nationwide from 2007-2014 and dipped into thousands of important conversations taking place in the corridors of power, but also in houses of worship, and barber shops and beauty shops, at PTA meetings, town halls, and at the kitchen table. She has spent more than 25 years as a journalist — first in print with major newspapers and then in television. Tell Me More marked her debut as a full-time public radio show host. Martin says, "What makes public radio special is that it's got both intimacy and reach all at once. For the cost of a phone call, I can take you around the world. But I'm right there with you in your car, in your living room or kitchen or office, in your iPod. Radio itself is an incredible tool and when you combine that with the global resources of NPR plus the commitment to quality, responsibility and civility, it's an unbeatable combination." Martin has also served as contributor and substitute host for NPR newsmagazines and talk shows, including Talk of the Nation and News & Notes. Martin joined NPR from ABC News, where she worked since 1992. She served as correspondent for Nightline from 1996 to 2006, reporting on such subjects as the congressional budget battles, the U.S. embassy bombings in Africa, racial profiling and the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina. At ABC, she also contributed to numerous programs and specials, including the network's award-winning coverage of Sept. 11, a documentary on the Anita Hill-Clarence Thomas controversy, a critically acclaimed AIDS special and reports for the ongoing series "America in Black and White." Martin reported for the ABC newsmagazine Day One, winning an Emmy for her coverage of the international campaign to ban the use of landmines, and was a regular panelist on This Week with George Stephanopoulos. She also hosted the 13-episode series Life 360, an innovative program partnership between Oregon Public Broadcasting and Nightline incorporating documentary film, performance and personal narrative; it aired on public television stations across the country. Before joining ABC, Martin covered state and local politics for the Washington Post and national politics and policy at the Wall Street Journal, where she was White House correspondent. She has also been a regular panelist on the PBS series Washington Week and a contributor to NOW with Bill Moyers. Martin has been honored by numerous organizations, including the Candace Award for Communications from The National Coalition of 100 Black Women, the Joan Barone Award for Excellence in Washington-based National Affairs/Public Policy Broadcasting from the Radio and Television Correspondents' Association and a 2002 Silver Gavel Award, given by the American Bar Association. Along with her Emmy award, she received three additional Emmy nominations, including one with WNYC's Robert Krulwich, at the time an ABC contributor as well, for an ABC News program examining children's racial attitudes. In 2019, Martin was elected into the American Academy of Arts and Sciences for outstanding achievement in journalism. She is the 2021 recipient of PMJA's 2021 Leo C. Lee Award.]

main thing undecided voters have in common is they're low-info voters They're not tuned in every day they have not been getting stream of info about difference between Trump and Harris they're saying they really haven't focused yet 15% of the population


Question: Undecided voters low info

They have yet to create an impression of Harris.

Martin 9/4, [Michel Martin is a host of Morning Edition. Previously, she was the weekend host of All Things Considered and host of the Consider This Saturday podcast, where she drew on her deep reporting and interviewing experience to dig in to the week's news. Outside the studio, she has also hosted "Michel Martin: Going There," an ambitious live event series in collaboration with Member stations. Martin came to NPR in 2006 and launched Tell Me More, a one-hour daily NPR news and talk show that aired on NPR stations nationwide from 2007-2014 and dipped into thousands of important conversations taking place in the corridors of power, but also in houses of worship, and barber shops and beauty shops, at PTA meetings, town halls, and at the kitchen table. She has spent more than 25 years as a journalist — first in print with major newspapers and then in television. Tell Me More marked her debut as a full-time public radio show host. Martin says, "What makes public radio special is that it's got both intimacy and reach all at once. For the cost of a phone call, I can take you around the world. But I'm right there with you in your car, in your living room or kitchen or office, in your iPod. Radio itself is an incredible tool and when you combine that with the global resources of NPR plus the commitment to quality, responsibility and civility, it's an unbeatable combination." Martin has also served as contributor and substitute host for NPR newsmagazines and talk shows, including Talk of the Nation and News & Notes. Martin joined NPR from ABC News, where she worked since 1992. She served as correspondent for Nightline from 1996 to 2006, reporting on such subjects as the congressional budget battles, the U.S. embassy bombings in Africa, racial profiling and the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina. At ABC, she also contributed to numerous programs and specials, including the network's award-winning coverage of Sept. 11, a documentary on the Anita Hill-Clarence Thomas controversy, a critically acclaimed AIDS special and reports for the ongoing series "America in Black and White." Martin reported for the ABC newsmagazine Day One, winning an Emmy for her coverage of the international campaign to ban the use of landmines, and was a regular panelist on This Week with George Stephanopoulos. She also hosted the 13-episode series Life 360, an innovative program partnership between Oregon Public Broadcasting and Nightline incorporating documentary film, performance and personal narrative; it aired on public television stations across the country. Before joining ABC, Martin covered state and local politics for the Washington Post and national politics and policy at the Wall Street Journal, where she was White House correspondent. She has also been a regular panelist on the PBS series Washington Week and a contributor to NOW with Bill Moyers. Martin has been honored by numerous organizations, including the Candace Award for Communications from The National Coalition of 100 Black Women, the Joan Barone Award for Excellence in Washington-based National Affairs/Public Policy Broadcasting from the Radio and Television Correspondents' Association and a 2002 Silver Gavel Award, given by the American Bar Association. Along with her Emmy award, she received three additional Emmy nominations, including one with WNYC's Robert Krulwich, at the time an ABC contributor as well, for an ABC News program examining children's racial attitudes. In 2019, Martin was elected into the American Academy of Arts and Sciences for outstanding achievement in journalism. She is the 2021 recipient of PMJA's 2021 Leo C. Lee Award.]

main thing undecided voters have in common is they're low-info voters They're not tuned in every day they have not been getting stream of info about difference between Trump and Harris they're saying they really haven't focused yet 15% of the population


Question: Difference between Trump and Harris

They have yet to create an impression of Harris.

Martin 9/4, [Michel Martin is a host of Morning Edition. Previously, she was the weekend host of All Things Considered and host of the Consider This Saturday podcast, where she drew on her deep reporting and interviewing experience to dig in to the week's news. Outside the studio, she has also hosted "Michel Martin: Going There," an ambitious live event series in collaboration with Member stations. Martin came to NPR in 2006 and launched Tell Me More, a one-hour daily NPR news and talk show that aired on NPR stations nationwide from 2007-2014 and dipped into thousands of important conversations taking place in the corridors of power, but also in houses of worship, and barber shops and beauty shops, at PTA meetings, town halls, and at the kitchen table. She has spent more than 25 years as a journalist — first in print with major newspapers and then in television. Tell Me More marked her debut as a full-time public radio show host. Martin says, "What makes public radio special is that it's got both intimacy and reach all at once. For the cost of a phone call, I can take you around the world. But I'm right there with you in your car, in your living room or kitchen or office, in your iPod. Radio itself is an incredible tool and when you combine that with the global resources of NPR plus the commitment to quality, responsibility and civility, it's an unbeatable combination." Martin has also served as contributor and substitute host for NPR newsmagazines and talk shows, including Talk of the Nation and News & Notes. Martin joined NPR from ABC News, where she worked since 1992. She served as correspondent for Nightline from 1996 to 2006, reporting on such subjects as the congressional budget battles, the U.S. embassy bombings in Africa, racial profiling and the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina. At ABC, she also contributed to numerous programs and specials, including the network's award-winning coverage of Sept. 11, a documentary on the Anita Hill-Clarence Thomas controversy, a critically acclaimed AIDS special and reports for the ongoing series "America in Black and White." Martin reported for the ABC newsmagazine Day One, winning an Emmy for her coverage of the international campaign to ban the use of landmines, and was a regular panelist on This Week with George Stephanopoulos. She also hosted the 13-episode series Life 360, an innovative program partnership between Oregon Public Broadcasting and Nightline incorporating documentary film, performance and personal narrative; it aired on public television stations across the country. Before joining ABC, Martin covered state and local politics for the Washington Post and national politics and policy at the Wall Street Journal, where she was White House correspondent. She has also been a regular panelist on the PBS series Washington Week and a contributor to NOW with Bill Moyers. Martin has been honored by numerous organizations, including the Candace Award for Communications from The National Coalition of 100 Black Women, the Joan Barone Award for Excellence in Washington-based National Affairs/Public Policy Broadcasting from the Radio and Television Correspondents' Association and a 2002 Silver Gavel Award, given by the American Bar Association. Along with her Emmy award, she received three additional Emmy nominations, including one with WNYC's Robert Krulwich, at the time an ABC contributor as well, for an ABC News program examining children's racial attitudes. In 2019, Martin was elected into the American Academy of Arts and Sciences for outstanding achievement in journalism. She is the 2021 recipient of PMJA's 2021 Leo C. Lee Award.]

main thing undecided voters have in common is they're low-info voters They're not tuned in every day they have not been getting stream of info about difference between Trump and Harris they're saying they really haven't focused yet 15% of the population


Question: 15% of the population undecided

They have yet to create an impression of Harris.

Martin 9/4, [Michel Martin is a host of Morning Edition. Previously, she was the weekend host of All Things Considered and host of the Consider This Saturday podcast, where she drew on her deep reporting and interviewing experience to dig in to the week's news. Outside the studio, she has also hosted "Michel Martin: Going There," an ambitious live event series in collaboration with Member stations. Martin came to NPR in 2006 and launched Tell Me More, a one-hour daily NPR news and talk show that aired on NPR stations nationwide from 2007-2014 and dipped into thousands of important conversations taking place in the corridors of power, but also in houses of worship, and barber shops and beauty shops, at PTA meetings, town halls, and at the kitchen table. She has spent more than 25 years as a journalist — first in print with major newspapers and then in television. Tell Me More marked her debut as a full-time public radio show host. Martin says, "What makes public radio special is that it's got both intimacy and reach all at once. For the cost of a phone call, I can take you around the world. But I'm right there with you in your car, in your living room or kitchen or office, in your iPod. Radio itself is an incredible tool and when you combine that with the global resources of NPR plus the commitment to quality, responsibility and civility, it's an unbeatable combination." Martin has also served as contributor and substitute host for NPR newsmagazines and talk shows, including Talk of the Nation and News & Notes. Martin joined NPR from ABC News, where she worked since 1992. She served as correspondent for Nightline from 1996 to 2006, reporting on such subjects as the congressional budget battles, the U.S. embassy bombings in Africa, racial profiling and the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina. At ABC, she also contributed to numerous programs and specials, including the network's award-winning coverage of Sept. 11, a documentary on the Anita Hill-Clarence Thomas controversy, a critically acclaimed AIDS special and reports for the ongoing series "America in Black and White." Martin reported for the ABC newsmagazine Day One, winning an Emmy for her coverage of the international campaign to ban the use of landmines, and was a regular panelist on This Week with George Stephanopoulos. She also hosted the 13-episode series Life 360, an innovative program partnership between Oregon Public Broadcasting and Nightline incorporating documentary film, performance and personal narrative; it aired on public television stations across the country. Before joining ABC, Martin covered state and local politics for the Washington Post and national politics and policy at the Wall Street Journal, where she was White House correspondent. She has also been a regular panelist on the PBS series Washington Week and a contributor to NOW with Bill Moyers. Martin has been honored by numerous organizations, including the Candace Award for Communications from The National Coalition of 100 Black Women, the Joan Barone Award for Excellence in Washington-based National Affairs/Public Policy Broadcasting from the Radio and Television Correspondents' Association and a 2002 Silver Gavel Award, given by the American Bar Association. Along with her Emmy award, she received three additional Emmy nominations, including one with WNYC's Robert Krulwich, at the time an ABC contributor as well, for an ABC News program examining children's racial attitudes. In 2019, Martin was elected into the American Academy of Arts and Sciences for outstanding achievement in journalism. She is the 2021 recipient of PMJA's 2021 Leo C. Lee Award.]

main thing undecided voters have in common is they're low-info voters They're not tuned in every day they have not been getting stream of info about difference between Trump and Harris they're saying they really haven't focused yet 15% of the population


Question: Post election tensions will wane

Post-election, tensions will wane – there’s enough bipart in the squo for an NDAA – prefer ev that assumes the NDAA and post-election dynamics

Little – Oct 3rd – ‘24 - Ryan Little, Director of Government Affairs for Dedrone. Ryan began his career in the U.S. House of Representatives in 2009 and held over half a dozen positions for two different committee chairs until he left government service and formed Atrio Consulting in 2017. Ryan served as The Senior Advisor and Director of External Affairs, House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform from Jan 2015 - Jun 2017 AND Senior Legislative Assistant U.S. House of Representatives Jun 2012 - Jan 2015. Since then, Ryan has successfully advised and represented his clients on a wide array of issues and initiatives before the House, Senate and Executive Branch – mostly related to homeland security, defense, uncrewed aircraft systems and law enforcement to appropriations, health care and labor matters - “Counter-Drone Expansion Depends on Congressional Compromise and NDAA Passage This Fall. Here’s What to Expect”. Commerical UAV News - October 3rd – 2024 - https://www.commercialuavnews.com/counter-drone-expansion-depends-on-congressional-compromise-and-ndaa-passage-this-fall-here-s-what-to-expect

NDAA ‘ doors are still open Once the country get through elections tensions will wane , lawmakers no longer cted by campaign dash to pass bills in lame-duck time for cutting deals compromise? in that direction progress has been made, more can still be achieved


Question: little ndaa

Post-election, tensions will wane – there’s enough bipart in the squo for an NDAA – prefer ev that assumes the NDAA and post-election dynamics

Little – Oct 3rd – ‘24 - Ryan Little, Director of Government Affairs for Dedrone. Ryan began his career in the U.S. House of Representatives in 2009 and held over half a dozen positions for two different committee chairs until he left government service and formed Atrio Consulting in 2017. Ryan served as The Senior Advisor and Director of External Affairs, House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform from Jan 2015 - Jun 2017 AND Senior Legislative Assistant U.S. House of Representatives Jun 2012 - Jan 2015. Since then, Ryan has successfully advised and represented his clients on a wide array of issues and initiatives before the House, Senate and Executive Branch – mostly related to homeland security, defense, uncrewed aircraft systems and law enforcement to appropriations, health care and labor matters - “Counter-Drone Expansion Depends on Congressional Compromise and NDAA Passage This Fall. Here’s What to Expect”. Commerical UAV News - October 3rd – 2024 - https://www.commercialuavnews.com/counter-drone-expansion-depends-on-congressional-compromise-and-ndaa-passage-this-fall-here-s-what-to-expect

NDAA ‘ doors are still open Once the country get through elections tensions will wane , lawmakers no longer cted by campaign dash to pass bills in lame-duck time for cutting deals compromise? in that direction progress has been made, more can still be achieved


Question: Ryan Little NDAA

Post-election, tensions will wane – there’s enough bipart in the squo for an NDAA – prefer ev that assumes the NDAA and post-election dynamics

Little – Oct 3rd – ‘24 - Ryan Little, Director of Government Affairs for Dedrone. Ryan began his career in the U.S. House of Representatives in 2009 and held over half a dozen positions for two different committee chairs until he left government service and formed Atrio Consulting in 2017. Ryan served as The Senior Advisor and Director of External Affairs, House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform from Jan 2015 - Jun 2017 AND Senior Legislative Assistant U.S. House of Representatives Jun 2012 - Jan 2015. Since then, Ryan has successfully advised and represented his clients on a wide array of issues and initiatives before the House, Senate and Executive Branch – mostly related to homeland security, defense, uncrewed aircraft systems and law enforcement to appropriations, health care and labor matters - “Counter-Drone Expansion Depends on Congressional Compromise and NDAA Passage This Fall. Here’s What to Expect”. Commerical UAV News - October 3rd – 2024 - https://www.commercialuavnews.com/counter-drone-expansion-depends-on-congressional-compromise-and-ndaa-passage-this-fall-here-s-what-to-expect

NDAA ‘ doors are still open Once the country get through elections tensions will wane , lawmakers no longer cted by campaign dash to pass bills in lame-duck time for cutting deals compromise? in that direction progress has been made, more can still be achieved


Question: NDAA passage likely

Post-election, tensions will wane – there’s enough bipart in the squo for an NDAA – prefer ev that assumes the NDAA and post-election dynamics

Little – Oct 3rd – ‘24 - Ryan Little, Director of Government Affairs for Dedrone. Ryan began his career in the U.S. House of Representatives in 2009 and held over half a dozen positions for two different committee chairs until he left government service and formed Atrio Consulting in 2017. Ryan served as The Senior Advisor and Director of External Affairs, House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform from Jan 2015 - Jun 2017 AND Senior Legislative Assistant U.S. House of Representatives Jun 2012 - Jan 2015. Since then, Ryan has successfully advised and represented his clients on a wide array of issues and initiatives before the House, Senate and Executive Branch – mostly related to homeland security, defense, uncrewed aircraft systems and law enforcement to appropriations, health care and labor matters - “Counter-Drone Expansion Depends on Congressional Compromise and NDAA Passage This Fall. Here’s What to Expect”. Commerical UAV News - October 3rd – 2024 - https://www.commercialuavnews.com/counter-drone-expansion-depends-on-congressional-compromise-and-ndaa-passage-this-fall-here-s-what-to-expect

NDAA ‘ doors are still open Once the country get through elections tensions will wane , lawmakers no longer cted by campaign dash to pass bills in lame-duck time for cutting deals compromise? in that direction progress has been made, more can still be achieved


Question: NDAA compromise expected

Post-election, tensions will wane – there’s enough bipart in the squo for an NDAA – prefer ev that assumes the NDAA and post-election dynamics

Little – Oct 3rd – ‘24 - Ryan Little, Director of Government Affairs for Dedrone. Ryan began his career in the U.S. House of Representatives in 2009 and held over half a dozen positions for two different committee chairs until he left government service and formed Atrio Consulting in 2017. Ryan served as The Senior Advisor and Director of External Affairs, House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform from Jan 2015 - Jun 2017 AND Senior Legislative Assistant U.S. House of Representatives Jun 2012 - Jan 2015. Since then, Ryan has successfully advised and represented his clients on a wide array of issues and initiatives before the House, Senate and Executive Branch – mostly related to homeland security, defense, uncrewed aircraft systems and law enforcement to appropriations, health care and labor matters - “Counter-Drone Expansion Depends on Congressional Compromise and NDAA Passage This Fall. Here’s What to Expect”. Commerical UAV News - October 3rd – 2024 - https://www.commercialuavnews.com/counter-drone-expansion-depends-on-congressional-compromise-and-ndaa-passage-this-fall-here-s-what-to-expect

NDAA ‘ doors are still open Once the country get through elections tensions will wane , lawmakers no longer cted by campaign dash to pass bills in lame-duck time for cutting deals compromise? in that direction progress has been made, more can still be achieved


Question: lawmakers no longer affected by campaign

Post-election, tensions will wane – there’s enough bipart in the squo for an NDAA – prefer ev that assumes the NDAA and post-election dynamics

Little – Oct 3rd – ‘24 - Ryan Little, Director of Government Affairs for Dedrone. Ryan began his career in the U.S. House of Representatives in 2009 and held over half a dozen positions for two different committee chairs until he left government service and formed Atrio Consulting in 2017. Ryan served as The Senior Advisor and Director of External Affairs, House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform from Jan 2015 - Jun 2017 AND Senior Legislative Assistant U.S. House of Representatives Jun 2012 - Jan 2015. Since then, Ryan has successfully advised and represented his clients on a wide array of issues and initiatives before the House, Senate and Executive Branch – mostly related to homeland security, defense, uncrewed aircraft systems and law enforcement to appropriations, health care and labor matters - “Counter-Drone Expansion Depends on Congressional Compromise and NDAA Passage This Fall. Here’s What to Expect”. Commerical UAV News - October 3rd – 2024 - https://www.commercialuavnews.com/counter-drone-expansion-depends-on-congressional-compromise-and-ndaa-passage-this-fall-here-s-what-to-expect

NDAA ‘ doors are still open Once the country get through elections tensions will wane , lawmakers no longer cted by campaign dash to pass bills in lame-duck time for cutting deals compromise? in that direction progress has been made, more can still be achieved


Question: Interest rate hikes collapse economies

Interest rate hikes ripple across the globe, collapsing developing economies.

Li 24, Jiangsu Ocean University, China. (Xinru, “The Effect of the Fed Interest Rate Hikes on the Financial Crisis Evidence from Emerging Market Economices,’ Asian Journal of Economics, Business and Accounting, https://doi.org/10.9734/ajeba/2024/v24i61355) **figures omitted.

FED RATE HIKES CAUSE CRISES IN EMERGING COUNTRIES tightening accompanied by turbulence especially  for emerging economies the impact far-reaching fully demonstrated international transmission With hikes crises erupted globally the Fed make  waves because the dollar the world's currency firmly in control of pricing global currencies the Fed's policy serves the national rather than international market controlling inflation in the country hikes change global capital flows leading to outflows currency depreciation puts  pressure on growth the rate hike increase  the debt burden pressure increase the hike trigger volatility in global markets requires emerging countries to  cope  with shocks local currency depreciated sharply suffered a  credit crisis people  sell triggering  Inflation large increase in cost of imports the  debt burden increases consumption  shrinks , and a crisis break out Brazil, Mexico, Argentina, Thailand, Turkey are not strong difficult to withstand the risks immediate outbreak of the debt crisis


Question: Li 24

Interest rate hikes ripple across the globe, collapsing developing economies.

Li 24, Jiangsu Ocean University, China. (Xinru, “The Effect of the Fed Interest Rate Hikes on the Financial Crisis Evidence from Emerging Market Economices,’ Asian Journal of Economics, Business and Accounting, https://doi.org/10.9734/ajeba/2024/v24i61355) **figures omitted.

FED RATE HIKES CAUSE CRISES IN EMERGING COUNTRIES tightening accompanied by turbulence especially  for emerging economies the impact far-reaching fully demonstrated international transmission With hikes crises erupted globally the Fed make  waves because the dollar the world's currency firmly in control of pricing global currencies the Fed's policy serves the national rather than international market controlling inflation in the country hikes change global capital flows leading to outflows currency depreciation puts  pressure on growth the rate hike increase  the debt burden pressure increase the hike trigger volatility in global markets requires emerging countries to  cope  with shocks local currency depreciated sharply suffered a  credit crisis people  sell triggering  Inflation large increase in cost of imports the  debt burden increases consumption  shrinks , and a crisis break out Brazil, Mexico, Argentina, Thailand, Turkey are not strong difficult to withstand the risks immediate outbreak of the debt crisis


Question: Fed rate hikes crises

Interest rate hikes ripple across the globe, collapsing developing economies.

Li 24, Jiangsu Ocean University, China. (Xinru, “The Effect of the Fed Interest Rate Hikes on the Financial Crisis Evidence from Emerging Market Economices,’ Asian Journal of Economics, Business and Accounting, https://doi.org/10.9734/ajeba/2024/v24i61355) **figures omitted.

FED RATE HIKES CAUSE CRISES IN EMERGING COUNTRIES tightening accompanied by turbulence especially  for emerging economies the impact far-reaching fully demonstrated international transmission With hikes crises erupted globally the Fed make  waves because the dollar the world's currency firmly in control of pricing global currencies the Fed's policy serves the national rather than international market controlling inflation in the country hikes change global capital flows leading to outflows currency depreciation puts  pressure on growth the rate hike increase  the debt burden pressure increase the hike trigger volatility in global markets requires emerging countries to  cope  with shocks local currency depreciated sharply suffered a  credit crisis people  sell triggering  Inflation large increase in cost of imports the  debt burden increases consumption  shrinks , and a crisis break out Brazil, Mexico, Argentina, Thailand, Turkey are not strong difficult to withstand the risks immediate outbreak of the debt crisis


Question: emerging economies collapse

Interest rate hikes ripple across the globe, collapsing developing economies.

Li 24, Jiangsu Ocean University, China. (Xinru, “The Effect of the Fed Interest Rate Hikes on the Financial Crisis Evidence from Emerging Market Economices,’ Asian Journal of Economics, Business and Accounting, https://doi.org/10.9734/ajeba/2024/v24i61355) **figures omitted.

FED RATE HIKES CAUSE CRISES IN EMERGING COUNTRIES tightening accompanied by turbulence especially  for emerging economies the impact far-reaching fully demonstrated international transmission With hikes crises erupted globally the Fed make  waves because the dollar the world's currency firmly in control of pricing global currencies the Fed's policy serves the national rather than international market controlling inflation in the country hikes change global capital flows leading to outflows currency depreciation puts  pressure on growth the rate hike increase  the debt burden pressure increase the hike trigger volatility in global markets requires emerging countries to  cope  with shocks local currency depreciated sharply suffered a  credit crisis people  sell triggering  Inflation large increase in cost of imports the  debt burden increases consumption  shrinks , and a crisis break out Brazil, Mexico, Argentina, Thailand, Turkey are not strong difficult to withstand the risks immediate outbreak of the debt crisis


Question: Fed hikes debt burden

Interest rate hikes ripple across the globe, collapsing developing economies.

Li 24, Jiangsu Ocean University, China. (Xinru, “The Effect of the Fed Interest Rate Hikes on the Financial Crisis Evidence from Emerging Market Economices,’ Asian Journal of Economics, Business and Accounting, https://doi.org/10.9734/ajeba/2024/v24i61355) **figures omitted.

FED RATE HIKES CAUSE CRISES IN EMERGING COUNTRIES tightening accompanied by turbulence especially  for emerging economies the impact far-reaching fully demonstrated international transmission With hikes crises erupted globally the Fed make  waves because the dollar the world's currency firmly in control of pricing global currencies the Fed's policy serves the national rather than international market controlling inflation in the country hikes change global capital flows leading to outflows currency depreciation puts  pressure on growth the rate hike increase  the debt burden pressure increase the hike trigger volatility in global markets requires emerging countries to  cope  with shocks local currency depreciated sharply suffered a  credit crisis people  sell triggering  Inflation large increase in cost of imports the  debt burden increases consumption  shrinks , and a crisis break out Brazil, Mexico, Argentina, Thailand, Turkey are not strong difficult to withstand the risks immediate outbreak of the debt crisis


Question: rate hike trigger volatility

Interest rate hikes ripple across the globe, collapsing developing economies.

Li 24, Jiangsu Ocean University, China. (Xinru, “The Effect of the Fed Interest Rate Hikes on the Financial Crisis Evidence from Emerging Market Economices,’ Asian Journal of Economics, Business and Accounting, https://doi.org/10.9734/ajeba/2024/v24i61355) **figures omitted.

FED RATE HIKES CAUSE CRISES IN EMERGING COUNTRIES tightening accompanied by turbulence especially  for emerging economies the impact far-reaching fully demonstrated international transmission With hikes crises erupted globally the Fed make  waves because the dollar the world's currency firmly in control of pricing global currencies the Fed's policy serves the national rather than international market controlling inflation in the country hikes change global capital flows leading to outflows currency depreciation puts  pressure on growth the rate hike increase  the debt burden pressure increase the hike trigger volatility in global markets requires emerging countries to  cope  with shocks local currency depreciated sharply suffered a  credit crisis people  sell triggering  Inflation large increase in cost of imports the  debt burden increases consumption  shrinks , and a crisis break out Brazil, Mexico, Argentina, Thailand, Turkey are not strong difficult to withstand the risks immediate outbreak of the debt crisis


Question: dollar controls global currencies

Interest rate hikes ripple across the globe, collapsing developing economies.

Li 24, Jiangsu Ocean University, China. (Xinru, “The Effect of the Fed Interest Rate Hikes on the Financial Crisis Evidence from Emerging Market Economices,’ Asian Journal of Economics, Business and Accounting, https://doi.org/10.9734/ajeba/2024/v24i61355) **figures omitted.

FED RATE HIKES CAUSE CRISES IN EMERGING COUNTRIES tightening accompanied by turbulence especially  for emerging economies the impact far-reaching fully demonstrated international transmission With hikes crises erupted globally the Fed make  waves because the dollar the world's currency firmly in control of pricing global currencies the Fed's policy serves the national rather than international market controlling inflation in the country hikes change global capital flows leading to outflows currency depreciation puts  pressure on growth the rate hike increase  the debt burden pressure increase the hike trigger volatility in global markets requires emerging countries to  cope  with shocks local currency depreciated sharply suffered a  credit crisis people  sell triggering  Inflation large increase in cost of imports the  debt burden increases consumption  shrinks , and a crisis break out Brazil, Mexico, Argentina, Thailand, Turkey are not strong difficult to withstand the risks immediate outbreak of the debt crisis


Question: It's declining, and tech solves

It’s declining, and tech solves

Marshall et al 19 – Economist at USDA-Economic Research Service. PhD in Agricultural and Applied Economics from the University of Minnesota.

National Resources Inventory shows erosion on cultivated cropland declined 45 percent Changing incentives through Federal programs interact with the evolving availability of technology to influence farmers' production decisions, resource use, and quality


Question: Marshall USDA cropland erosion decline

It’s declining, and tech solves

Marshall et al 19 – Economist at USDA-Economic Research Service. PhD in Agricultural and Applied Economics from the University of Minnesota.

National Resources Inventory shows erosion on cultivated cropland declined 45 percent Changing incentives through Federal programs interact with the evolving availability of technology to influence farmers' production decisions, resource use, and quality


Question: National Resources Inventory erosion declined

It’s declining, and tech solves

Marshall et al 19 – Economist at USDA-Economic Research Service. PhD in Agricultural and Applied Economics from the University of Minnesota.

National Resources Inventory shows erosion on cultivated cropland declined 45 percent Changing incentives through Federal programs interact with the evolving availability of technology to influence farmers' production decisions, resource use, and quality


Question: technology solves erosion

It’s declining, and tech solves

Marshall et al 19 – Economist at USDA-Economic Research Service. PhD in Agricultural and Applied Economics from the University of Minnesota.

National Resources Inventory shows erosion on cultivated cropland declined 45 percent Changing incentives through Federal programs interact with the evolving availability of technology to influence farmers' production decisions, resource use, and quality


Question: erosion declining USDA

It’s declining, and tech solves

Marshall et al 19 – Economist at USDA-Economic Research Service. PhD in Agricultural and Applied Economics from the University of Minnesota.

National Resources Inventory shows erosion on cultivated cropland declined 45 percent Changing incentives through Federal programs interact with the evolving availability of technology to influence farmers' production decisions, resource use, and quality


Question: Federal programs interacting with technology

It’s declining, and tech solves

Marshall et al 19 – Economist at USDA-Economic Research Service. PhD in Agricultural and Applied Economics from the University of Minnesota.

National Resources Inventory shows erosion on cultivated cropland declined 45 percent Changing incentives through Federal programs interact with the evolving availability of technology to influence farmers' production decisions, resource use, and quality


Question: solution oriented modes of politics

It is try or die for students to develop solution oriented modes of politics. Preventing warming from continuing unabated is an ethical gateway issue

Levine 23 (Caroline Levine is a professor of humanities at Cornell University. 10/17/23, The Activist Humanist: Form and Method in the Climate Crisis, Princeton University Press)//SHP

students feel bleak and terrorstruck climate change defeats them overwhelmed by the prospect of dismantling structures students fall back on their own actions cannot imagine working at a scale larger than individual decision making which is the scale of isolation and hopelessness no models of effective political action thinkers urge us to open ourselves to possibilities undo ideas resist imperatives unlearn illusion s This leads to powerlessness scholars moving between longings for a “wholesale dismantling and embrace of “the minor gesture Caught between gloom and actions too insubstantial humanists move to mourning actively reinforcing withdrawal from the public sphere there is a whole register missing between global revolution and the small-scale act the scale of collective life . Politics is the work of living in common decisions about space time power and resources it is true institutions are corrupt But can it be that our only option is to refuse action and accede to extinction? Climate change is magnifying the suffering of the most vulnerable To allow it to unfold is to acquiesce to violence on a scale, more immense than all past genocides.


Question: Levine 23

It is try or die for students to develop solution oriented modes of politics. Preventing warming from continuing unabated is an ethical gateway issue

Levine 23 (Caroline Levine is a professor of humanities at Cornell University. 10/17/23, The Activist Humanist: Form and Method in the Climate Crisis, Princeton University Press)//SHP

students feel bleak and terrorstruck climate change defeats them overwhelmed by the prospect of dismantling structures students fall back on their own actions cannot imagine working at a scale larger than individual decision making which is the scale of isolation and hopelessness no models of effective political action thinkers urge us to open ourselves to possibilities undo ideas resist imperatives unlearn illusion s This leads to powerlessness scholars moving between longings for a “wholesale dismantling and embrace of “the minor gesture Caught between gloom and actions too insubstantial humanists move to mourning actively reinforcing withdrawal from the public sphere there is a whole register missing between global revolution and the small-scale act the scale of collective life . Politics is the work of living in common decisions about space time power and resources it is true institutions are corrupt But can it be that our only option is to refuse action and accede to extinction? Climate change is magnifying the suffering of the most vulnerable To allow it to unfold is to acquiesce to violence on a scale, more immense than all past genocides.


Question: Caroline Levine climate

It is try or die for students to develop solution oriented modes of politics. Preventing warming from continuing unabated is an ethical gateway issue

Levine 23 (Caroline Levine is a professor of humanities at Cornell University. 10/17/23, The Activist Humanist: Form and Method in the Climate Crisis, Princeton University Press)//SHP

students feel bleak and terrorstruck climate change defeats them overwhelmed by the prospect of dismantling structures students fall back on their own actions cannot imagine working at a scale larger than individual decision making which is the scale of isolation and hopelessness no models of effective political action thinkers urge us to open ourselves to possibilities undo ideas resist imperatives unlearn illusion s This leads to powerlessness scholars moving between longings for a “wholesale dismantling and embrace of “the minor gesture Caught between gloom and actions too insubstantial humanists move to mourning actively reinforcing withdrawal from the public sphere there is a whole register missing between global revolution and the small-scale act the scale of collective life . Politics is the work of living in common decisions about space time power and resources it is true institutions are corrupt But can it be that our only option is to refuse action and accede to extinction? Climate change is magnifying the suffering of the most vulnerable To allow it to unfold is to acquiesce to violence on a scale, more immense than all past genocides.


Question: bleak and terrorstruck climate change

It is try or die for students to develop solution oriented modes of politics. Preventing warming from continuing unabated is an ethical gateway issue

Levine 23 (Caroline Levine is a professor of humanities at Cornell University. 10/17/23, The Activist Humanist: Form and Method in the Climate Crisis, Princeton University Press)//SHP

students feel bleak and terrorstruck climate change defeats them overwhelmed by the prospect of dismantling structures students fall back on their own actions cannot imagine working at a scale larger than individual decision making which is the scale of isolation and hopelessness no models of effective political action thinkers urge us to open ourselves to possibilities undo ideas resist imperatives unlearn illusion s This leads to powerlessness scholars moving between longings for a “wholesale dismantling and embrace of “the minor gesture Caught between gloom and actions too insubstantial humanists move to mourning actively reinforcing withdrawal from the public sphere there is a whole register missing between global revolution and the small-scale act the scale of collective life . Politics is the work of living in common decisions about space time power and resources it is true institutions are corrupt But can it be that our only option is to refuse action and accede to extinction? Climate change is magnifying the suffering of the most vulnerable To allow it to unfold is to acquiesce to violence on a scale, more immense than all past genocides.


Question: students fall back on their own actions

It is try or die for students to develop solution oriented modes of politics. Preventing warming from continuing unabated is an ethical gateway issue

Levine 23 (Caroline Levine is a professor of humanities at Cornell University. 10/17/23, The Activist Humanist: Form and Method in the Climate Crisis, Princeton University Press)//SHP

students feel bleak and terrorstruck climate change defeats them overwhelmed by the prospect of dismantling structures students fall back on their own actions cannot imagine working at a scale larger than individual decision making which is the scale of isolation and hopelessness no models of effective political action thinkers urge us to open ourselves to possibilities undo ideas resist imperatives unlearn illusion s This leads to powerlessness scholars moving between longings for a “wholesale dismantling and embrace of “the minor gesture Caught between gloom and actions too insubstantial humanists move to mourning actively reinforcing withdrawal from the public sphere there is a whole register missing between global revolution and the small-scale act the scale of collective life . Politics is the work of living in common decisions about space time power and resources it is true institutions are corrupt But can it be that our only option is to refuse action and accede to extinction? Climate change is magnifying the suffering of the most vulnerable To allow it to unfold is to acquiesce to violence on a scale, more immense than all past genocides.


Question: climate change ethical gateway issue

It is try or die for students to develop solution oriented modes of politics. Preventing warming from continuing unabated is an ethical gateway issue

Levine 23 (Caroline Levine is a professor of humanities at Cornell University. 10/17/23, The Activist Humanist: Form and Method in the Climate Crisis, Princeton University Press)//SHP

students feel bleak and terrorstruck climate change defeats them overwhelmed by the prospect of dismantling structures students fall back on their own actions cannot imagine working at a scale larger than individual decision making which is the scale of isolation and hopelessness no models of effective political action thinkers urge us to open ourselves to possibilities undo ideas resist imperatives unlearn illusion s This leads to powerlessness scholars moving between longings for a “wholesale dismantling and embrace of “the minor gesture Caught between gloom and actions too insubstantial humanists move to mourning actively reinforcing withdrawal from the public sphere there is a whole register missing between global revolution and the small-scale act the scale of collective life . Politics is the work of living in common decisions about space time power and resources it is true institutions are corrupt But can it be that our only option is to refuse action and accede to extinction? Climate change is magnifying the suffering of the most vulnerable To allow it to unfold is to acquiesce to violence on a scale, more immense than all past genocides.


Question: students cannot imagine working at scale

It is try or die for students to develop solution oriented modes of politics. Preventing warming from continuing unabated is an ethical gateway issue

Levine 23 (Caroline Levine is a professor of humanities at Cornell University. 10/17/23, The Activist Humanist: Form and Method in the Climate Crisis, Princeton University Press)//SHP

students feel bleak and terrorstruck climate change defeats them overwhelmed by the prospect of dismantling structures students fall back on their own actions cannot imagine working at a scale larger than individual decision making which is the scale of isolation and hopelessness no models of effective political action thinkers urge us to open ourselves to possibilities undo ideas resist imperatives unlearn illusion s This leads to powerlessness scholars moving between longings for a “wholesale dismantling and embrace of “the minor gesture Caught between gloom and actions too insubstantial humanists move to mourning actively reinforcing withdrawal from the public sphere there is a whole register missing between global revolution and the small-scale act the scale of collective life . Politics is the work of living in common decisions about space time power and resources it is true institutions are corrupt But can it be that our only option is to refuse action and accede to extinction? Climate change is magnifying the suffering of the most vulnerable To allow it to unfold is to acquiesce to violence on a scale, more immense than all past genocides.


Question: TVA nuclear power plants

---TVA nuclear power plants.

Stafford 24 – Decarbonization Contributor at The Nation.

The Case for Public Nuclear Power there’s an easy solution funding from the federal government The TVA received appropriations


Question: Stafford 24

---TVA nuclear power plants.

Stafford 24 – Decarbonization Contributor at The Nation.

The Case for Public Nuclear Power there’s an easy solution funding from the federal government The TVA received appropriations


Question: Public nuclear power

---TVA nuclear power plants.

Stafford 24 – Decarbonization Contributor at The Nation.

The Case for Public Nuclear Power there’s an easy solution funding from the federal government The TVA received appropriations


Question: federal funding for TVA

---TVA nuclear power plants.

Stafford 24 – Decarbonization Contributor at The Nation.

The Case for Public Nuclear Power there’s an easy solution funding from the federal government The TVA received appropriations


Question: TVA appropriations

---TVA nuclear power plants.

Stafford 24 – Decarbonization Contributor at The Nation.

The Case for Public Nuclear Power there’s an easy solution funding from the federal government The TVA received appropriations


Question: government funding nuclear

---TVA nuclear power plants.

Stafford 24 – Decarbonization Contributor at The Nation.

The Case for Public Nuclear Power there’s an easy solution funding from the federal government The TVA received appropriations


Question: TVA decarbonization

---TVA nuclear power plants.

Stafford 24 – Decarbonization Contributor at The Nation.

The Case for Public Nuclear Power there’s an easy solution funding from the federal government The TVA received appropriations


Question: AND implementation is impossible

AND implementation is impossible.

Kreutzer ’21 [David; 2021; Economist, Institute for Energy Research, Ph.D. in Economics, George Mason University, M.A. & B.A., Virginia Tech; Forbes, “The Case Against A Carbon Tax,” https://www.forbes.com/sites/taxnotes/2021/08/13/the-case-against-a-carbon-tax/]

border adjustment would be very very difficult you'd have to know if you're bringing car from Japan, how much of a tax did have in Japan? Did they import from Korea where different tax? steel from other ? What's carbon content that hasn't been taxed lobbyists say Our competitors' imports have more carbon than claim lawsuits rent-seeking


Question: Kreutzer 21

AND implementation is impossible.

Kreutzer ’21 [David; 2021; Economist, Institute for Energy Research, Ph.D. in Economics, George Mason University, M.A. & B.A., Virginia Tech; Forbes, “The Case Against A Carbon Tax,” https://www.forbes.com/sites/taxnotes/2021/08/13/the-case-against-a-carbon-tax/]

border adjustment would be very very difficult you'd have to know if you're bringing car from Japan, how much of a tax did have in Japan? Did they import from Korea where different tax? steel from other ? What's carbon content that hasn't been taxed lobbyists say Our competitors' imports have more carbon than claim lawsuits rent-seeking


Question: David Kreutzer

AND implementation is impossible.

Kreutzer ’21 [David; 2021; Economist, Institute for Energy Research, Ph.D. in Economics, George Mason University, M.A. & B.A., Virginia Tech; Forbes, “The Case Against A Carbon Tax,” https://www.forbes.com/sites/taxnotes/2021/08/13/the-case-against-a-carbon-tax/]

border adjustment would be very very difficult you'd have to know if you're bringing car from Japan, how much of a tax did have in Japan? Did they import from Korea where different tax? steel from other ? What's carbon content that hasn't been taxed lobbyists say Our competitors' imports have more carbon than claim lawsuits rent-seeking


Question: border adjustment difficult

AND implementation is impossible.

Kreutzer ’21 [David; 2021; Economist, Institute for Energy Research, Ph.D. in Economics, George Mason University, M.A. & B.A., Virginia Tech; Forbes, “The Case Against A Carbon Tax,” https://www.forbes.com/sites/taxnotes/2021/08/13/the-case-against-a-carbon-tax/]

border adjustment would be very very difficult you'd have to know if you're bringing car from Japan, how much of a tax did have in Japan? Did they import from Korea where different tax? steel from other ? What's carbon content that hasn't been taxed lobbyists say Our competitors' imports have more carbon than claim lawsuits rent-seeking


Question: carbon content taxed

AND implementation is impossible.

Kreutzer ’21 [David; 2021; Economist, Institute for Energy Research, Ph.D. in Economics, George Mason University, M.A. & B.A., Virginia Tech; Forbes, “The Case Against A Carbon Tax,” https://www.forbes.com/sites/taxnotes/2021/08/13/the-case-against-a-carbon-tax/]

border adjustment would be very very difficult you'd have to know if you're bringing car from Japan, how much of a tax did have in Japan? Did they import from Korea where different tax? steel from other ? What's carbon content that hasn't been taxed lobbyists say Our competitors' imports have more carbon than claim lawsuits rent-seeking


Question: competitors imports have more carbon

AND implementation is impossible.

Kreutzer ’21 [David; 2021; Economist, Institute for Energy Research, Ph.D. in Economics, George Mason University, M.A. & B.A., Virginia Tech; Forbes, “The Case Against A Carbon Tax,” https://www.forbes.com/sites/taxnotes/2021/08/13/the-case-against-a-carbon-tax/]

border adjustment would be very very difficult you'd have to know if you're bringing car from Japan, how much of a tax did have in Japan? Did they import from Korea where different tax? steel from other ? What's carbon content that hasn't been taxed lobbyists say Our competitors' imports have more carbon than claim lawsuits rent-seeking


Question: carbon tax implementation

AND implementation is impossible.

Kreutzer ’21 [David; 2021; Economist, Institute for Energy Research, Ph.D. in Economics, George Mason University, M.A. & B.A., Virginia Tech; Forbes, “The Case Against A Carbon Tax,” https://www.forbes.com/sites/taxnotes/2021/08/13/the-case-against-a-carbon-tax/]

border adjustment would be very very difficult you'd have to know if you're bringing car from Japan, how much of a tax did have in Japan? Did they import from Korea where different tax? steel from other ? What's carbon content that hasn't been taxed lobbyists say Our competitors' imports have more carbon than claim lawsuits rent-seeking


Question: The plan is the abrupt shock

The plan IS the abrupt shock their evidence references.

Carattini 21, every author of this paper has a PhD and is a professor or assistant professor in the Department of Economics at Georgia State University. (*Stefano, **Garth Heutel, and ***Givi Melkadze, “Climate Policy, Financial Frictions, and Transition Risk,” NBER Working Paper 28525, p. 3-4, http://www.nber.org/papers/w28525)

an unanticipated carbon tax triggers a transition away from brown production With financial frictions the tax can contract both sectors a recession climate policy has a negative spillover effect on the green sector The carbon tax lowers the value of carbon-intensive assets asset stranding banks are forced to cut lending


Question: Carattini 21

The plan IS the abrupt shock their evidence references.

Carattini 21, every author of this paper has a PhD and is a professor or assistant professor in the Department of Economics at Georgia State University. (*Stefano, **Garth Heutel, and ***Givi Melkadze, “Climate Policy, Financial Frictions, and Transition Risk,” NBER Working Paper 28525, p. 3-4, http://www.nber.org/papers/w28525)

an unanticipated carbon tax triggers a transition away from brown production With financial frictions the tax can contract both sectors a recession climate policy has a negative spillover effect on the green sector The carbon tax lowers the value of carbon-intensive assets asset stranding banks are forced to cut lending


Question: Carbon tax recession

The plan IS the abrupt shock their evidence references.

Carattini 21, every author of this paper has a PhD and is a professor or assistant professor in the Department of Economics at Georgia State University. (*Stefano, **Garth Heutel, and ***Givi Melkadze, “Climate Policy, Financial Frictions, and Transition Risk,” NBER Working Paper 28525, p. 3-4, http://www.nber.org/papers/w28525)

an unanticipated carbon tax triggers a transition away from brown production With financial frictions the tax can contract both sectors a recession climate policy has a negative spillover effect on the green sector The carbon tax lowers the value of carbon-intensive assets asset stranding banks are forced to cut lending


Question: Climate policy financial frictions

The plan IS the abrupt shock their evidence references.

Carattini 21, every author of this paper has a PhD and is a professor or assistant professor in the Department of Economics at Georgia State University. (*Stefano, **Garth Heutel, and ***Givi Melkadze, “Climate Policy, Financial Frictions, and Transition Risk,” NBER Working Paper 28525, p. 3-4, http://www.nber.org/papers/w28525)

an unanticipated carbon tax triggers a transition away from brown production With financial frictions the tax can contract both sectors a recession climate policy has a negative spillover effect on the green sector The carbon tax lowers the value of carbon-intensive assets asset stranding banks are forced to cut lending


Question: carbon tax asset stranding

The plan IS the abrupt shock their evidence references.

Carattini 21, every author of this paper has a PhD and is a professor or assistant professor in the Department of Economics at Georgia State University. (*Stefano, **Garth Heutel, and ***Givi Melkadze, “Climate Policy, Financial Frictions, and Transition Risk,” NBER Working Paper 28525, p. 3-4, http://www.nber.org/papers/w28525)

an unanticipated carbon tax triggers a transition away from brown production With financial frictions the tax can contract both sectors a recession climate policy has a negative spillover effect on the green sector The carbon tax lowers the value of carbon-intensive assets asset stranding banks are forced to cut lending


Question: carbon tax lowers asset value

The plan IS the abrupt shock their evidence references.

Carattini 21, every author of this paper has a PhD and is a professor or assistant professor in the Department of Economics at Georgia State University. (*Stefano, **Garth Heutel, and ***Givi Melkadze, “Climate Policy, Financial Frictions, and Transition Risk,” NBER Working Paper 28525, p. 3-4, http://www.nber.org/papers/w28525)

an unanticipated carbon tax triggers a transition away from brown production With financial frictions the tax can contract both sectors a recession climate policy has a negative spillover effect on the green sector The carbon tax lowers the value of carbon-intensive assets asset stranding banks are forced to cut lending


Question: War leads to inflation

B---War.

Apel and Ohlsson 22, * Senior Advisor at the Riksbank’s Monetary Policy Department, **Deputy Governor of the Riksbank (Mikael and Henry, “Monetary policy and inflation in times of War,” https://tinyurl.com/yw53azxb)

research on economic consequences of war It is clear war leads to inflation


Question: Apel and Ohlsson

B---War.

Apel and Ohlsson 22, * Senior Advisor at the Riksbank’s Monetary Policy Department, **Deputy Governor of the Riksbank (Mikael and Henry, “Monetary policy and inflation in times of War,” https://tinyurl.com/yw53azxb)

research on economic consequences of war It is clear war leads to inflation


Question: Inflation in times of War

B---War.

Apel and Ohlsson 22, * Senior Advisor at the Riksbank’s Monetary Policy Department, **Deputy Governor of the Riksbank (Mikael and Henry, “Monetary policy and inflation in times of War,” https://tinyurl.com/yw53azxb)

research on economic consequences of war It is clear war leads to inflation


Question: War causes inflation

B---War.

Apel and Ohlsson 22, * Senior Advisor at the Riksbank’s Monetary Policy Department, **Deputy Governor of the Riksbank (Mikael and Henry, “Monetary policy and inflation in times of War,” https://tinyurl.com/yw53azxb)

research on economic consequences of war It is clear war leads to inflation


Question: monetary policy and inflation

B---War.

Apel and Ohlsson 22, * Senior Advisor at the Riksbank’s Monetary Policy Department, **Deputy Governor of the Riksbank (Mikael and Henry, “Monetary policy and inflation in times of War,” https://tinyurl.com/yw53azxb)

research on economic consequences of war It is clear war leads to inflation


Question: economic consequences of war

B---War.

Apel and Ohlsson 22, * Senior Advisor at the Riksbank’s Monetary Policy Department, **Deputy Governor of the Riksbank (Mikael and Henry, “Monetary policy and inflation in times of War,” https://tinyurl.com/yw53azxb)

research on economic consequences of war It is clear war leads to inflation


Question: Decarbonization all emissions

Decarbonization requires reducing emissions of all kinds

Doleski et al. 22 [Oliver D. Doleski, studied economics at the University of Munich; Thomas Kaiser; Michael Metzger; Stefan Niessen; and Sebastian Thiem; "Decarbonization as a Strategic Issue," 1-17-2022, SpringerLink, https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-658-33330-0_1]

decarbonization contains de- ” in the sense of not refers to shift from carbon term describes reduction of emissions of all kinds large number of similar definitions differ in orientation common definition comes fr om IPCC process by which countries achieve a low-carbon economy activities and initiatives aim to achieve an economy that emits as little as possible encompasses all processes  in which CO2 replaced by low-CO2 processes


Question: Doleski et al 22

Decarbonization requires reducing emissions of all kinds

Doleski et al. 22 [Oliver D. Doleski, studied economics at the University of Munich; Thomas Kaiser; Michael Metzger; Stefan Niessen; and Sebastian Thiem; "Decarbonization as a Strategic Issue," 1-17-2022, SpringerLink, https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-658-33330-0_1]

decarbonization contains de- ” in the sense of not refers to shift from carbon term describes reduction of emissions of all kinds large number of similar definitions differ in orientation common definition comes fr om IPCC process by which countries achieve a low-carbon economy activities and initiatives aim to achieve an economy that emits as little as possible encompasses all processes  in which CO2 replaced by low-CO2 processes


Question: Oliver Doleski

Decarbonization requires reducing emissions of all kinds

Doleski et al. 22 [Oliver D. Doleski, studied economics at the University of Munich; Thomas Kaiser; Michael Metzger; Stefan Niessen; and Sebastian Thiem; "Decarbonization as a Strategic Issue," 1-17-2022, SpringerLink, https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-658-33330-0_1]

decarbonization contains de- ” in the sense of not refers to shift from carbon term describes reduction of emissions of all kinds large number of similar definitions differ in orientation common definition comes fr om IPCC process by which countries achieve a low-carbon economy activities and initiatives aim to achieve an economy that emits as little as possible encompasses all processes  in which CO2 replaced by low-CO2 processes


Question: decarbonization definition emissions reduction

Decarbonization requires reducing emissions of all kinds

Doleski et al. 22 [Oliver D. Doleski, studied economics at the University of Munich; Thomas Kaiser; Michael Metzger; Stefan Niessen; and Sebastian Thiem; "Decarbonization as a Strategic Issue," 1-17-2022, SpringerLink, https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-658-33330-0_1]

decarbonization contains de- ” in the sense of not refers to shift from carbon term describes reduction of emissions of all kinds large number of similar definitions differ in orientation common definition comes fr om IPCC process by which countries achieve a low-carbon economy activities and initiatives aim to achieve an economy that emits as little as possible encompasses all processes  in which CO2 replaced by low-CO2 processes


Question: decarbonization strategic issue

Decarbonization requires reducing emissions of all kinds

Doleski et al. 22 [Oliver D. Doleski, studied economics at the University of Munich; Thomas Kaiser; Michael Metzger; Stefan Niessen; and Sebastian Thiem; "Decarbonization as a Strategic Issue," 1-17-2022, SpringerLink, https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-658-33330-0_1]

decarbonization contains de- ” in the sense of not refers to shift from carbon term describes reduction of emissions of all kinds large number of similar definitions differ in orientation common definition comes fr om IPCC process by which countries achieve a low-carbon economy activities and initiatives aim to achieve an economy that emits as little as possible encompasses all processes  in which CO2 replaced by low-CO2 processes


Question: low-carbon economy

Decarbonization requires reducing emissions of all kinds

Doleski et al. 22 [Oliver D. Doleski, studied economics at the University of Munich; Thomas Kaiser; Michael Metzger; Stefan Niessen; and Sebastian Thiem; "Decarbonization as a Strategic Issue," 1-17-2022, SpringerLink, https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-658-33330-0_1]

decarbonization contains de- ” in the sense of not refers to shift from carbon term describes reduction of emissions of all kinds large number of similar definitions differ in orientation common definition comes fr om IPCC process by which countries achieve a low-carbon economy activities and initiatives aim to achieve an economy that emits as little as possible encompasses all processes  in which CO2 replaced by low-CO2 processes


Question: shift from carbon

Decarbonization requires reducing emissions of all kinds

Doleski et al. 22 [Oliver D. Doleski, studied economics at the University of Munich; Thomas Kaiser; Michael Metzger; Stefan Niessen; and Sebastian Thiem; "Decarbonization as a Strategic Issue," 1-17-2022, SpringerLink, https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-658-33330-0_1]

decarbonization contains de- ” in the sense of not refers to shift from carbon term describes reduction of emissions of all kinds large number of similar definitions differ in orientation common definition comes fr om IPCC process by which countries achieve a low-carbon economy activities and initiatives aim to achieve an economy that emits as little as possible encompasses all processes  in which CO2 replaced by low-CO2 processes


Question: Thucydides trap china

Stopping China from sustaining the international order by propping up global governance is more likely to trigger Thucydides Trap.

Manjari Chatterjee Miller 24, Senior Fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations and Associate Professor of International Relations at Boston University, author of Why Nations Rise: Narratives and the Path to Great Power, "The Most Dangerous Game: Do Power Transitions Always Lead to War?" Foreign Affairs, July/August 2024, 06/18/2024, https://www.foreignaffairs.com/united-states/most-dangerous-game

the Thucydides trap.” holds that ascendant powers routinely emerge to challenge the dominant power leading to conflict power transition offers a truth the way the established power manages the international order can matter as much as the ambitions of the challenger challengers have to act within existing norms rising powers are careful to avoid antagonizing a declining power, as the U S did when it supported the U K the order may facilitate a challenger that seeks to manipulate existing norms to gain advantage the U S Rather than reforming institutions has turned to ad hoc diplomacy, making the i order more contested Such erosion could accelerate China’s rise making China more likely to challenge


Question: manjari chatterjee miller

Stopping China from sustaining the international order by propping up global governance is more likely to trigger Thucydides Trap.

Manjari Chatterjee Miller 24, Senior Fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations and Associate Professor of International Relations at Boston University, author of Why Nations Rise: Narratives and the Path to Great Power, "The Most Dangerous Game: Do Power Transitions Always Lead to War?" Foreign Affairs, July/August 2024, 06/18/2024, https://www.foreignaffairs.com/united-states/most-dangerous-game

the Thucydides trap.” holds that ascendant powers routinely emerge to challenge the dominant power leading to conflict power transition offers a truth the way the established power manages the international order can matter as much as the ambitions of the challenger challengers have to act within existing norms rising powers are careful to avoid antagonizing a declining power, as the U S did when it supported the U K the order may facilitate a challenger that seeks to manipulate existing norms to gain advantage the U S Rather than reforming institutions has turned to ad hoc diplomacy, making the i order more contested Such erosion could accelerate China’s rise making China more likely to challenge


Question: China challenges international order

Stopping China from sustaining the international order by propping up global governance is more likely to trigger Thucydides Trap.

Manjari Chatterjee Miller 24, Senior Fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations and Associate Professor of International Relations at Boston University, author of Why Nations Rise: Narratives and the Path to Great Power, "The Most Dangerous Game: Do Power Transitions Always Lead to War?" Foreign Affairs, July/August 2024, 06/18/2024, https://www.foreignaffairs.com/united-states/most-dangerous-game

the Thucydides trap.” holds that ascendant powers routinely emerge to challenge the dominant power leading to conflict power transition offers a truth the way the established power manages the international order can matter as much as the ambitions of the challenger challengers have to act within existing norms rising powers are careful to avoid antagonizing a declining power, as the U S did when it supported the U K the order may facilitate a challenger that seeks to manipulate existing norms to gain advantage the U S Rather than reforming institutions has turned to ad hoc diplomacy, making the i order more contested Such erosion could accelerate China’s rise making China more likely to challenge


Question: China propping up global governance

Stopping China from sustaining the international order by propping up global governance is more likely to trigger Thucydides Trap.

Manjari Chatterjee Miller 24, Senior Fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations and Associate Professor of International Relations at Boston University, author of Why Nations Rise: Narratives and the Path to Great Power, "The Most Dangerous Game: Do Power Transitions Always Lead to War?" Foreign Affairs, July/August 2024, 06/18/2024, https://www.foreignaffairs.com/united-states/most-dangerous-game

the Thucydides trap.” holds that ascendant powers routinely emerge to challenge the dominant power leading to conflict power transition offers a truth the way the established power manages the international order can matter as much as the ambitions of the challenger challengers have to act within existing norms rising powers are careful to avoid antagonizing a declining power, as the U S did when it supported the U K the order may facilitate a challenger that seeks to manipulate existing norms to gain advantage the U S Rather than reforming institutions has turned to ad hoc diplomacy, making the i order more contested Such erosion could accelerate China’s rise making China more likely to challenge


Question: power transitions lead to war

Stopping China from sustaining the international order by propping up global governance is more likely to trigger Thucydides Trap.

Manjari Chatterjee Miller 24, Senior Fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations and Associate Professor of International Relations at Boston University, author of Why Nations Rise: Narratives and the Path to Great Power, "The Most Dangerous Game: Do Power Transitions Always Lead to War?" Foreign Affairs, July/August 2024, 06/18/2024, https://www.foreignaffairs.com/united-states/most-dangerous-game

the Thucydides trap.” holds that ascendant powers routinely emerge to challenge the dominant power leading to conflict power transition offers a truth the way the established power manages the international order can matter as much as the ambitions of the challenger challengers have to act within existing norms rising powers are careful to avoid antagonizing a declining power, as the U S did when it supported the U K the order may facilitate a challenger that seeks to manipulate existing norms to gain advantage the U S Rather than reforming institutions has turned to ad hoc diplomacy, making the i order more contested Such erosion could accelerate China’s rise making China more likely to challenge


Question: US ad hoc diplomacy

Stopping China from sustaining the international order by propping up global governance is more likely to trigger Thucydides Trap.

Manjari Chatterjee Miller 24, Senior Fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations and Associate Professor of International Relations at Boston University, author of Why Nations Rise: Narratives and the Path to Great Power, "The Most Dangerous Game: Do Power Transitions Always Lead to War?" Foreign Affairs, July/August 2024, 06/18/2024, https://www.foreignaffairs.com/united-states/most-dangerous-game

the Thucydides trap.” holds that ascendant powers routinely emerge to challenge the dominant power leading to conflict power transition offers a truth the way the established power manages the international order can matter as much as the ambitions of the challenger challengers have to act within existing norms rising powers are careful to avoid antagonizing a declining power, as the U S did when it supported the U K the order may facilitate a challenger that seeks to manipulate existing norms to gain advantage the U S Rather than reforming institutions has turned to ad hoc diplomacy, making the i order more contested Such erosion could accelerate China’s rise making China more likely to challenge


Question: foreign affairs thucydides trap

Stopping China from sustaining the international order by propping up global governance is more likely to trigger Thucydides Trap.

Manjari Chatterjee Miller 24, Senior Fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations and Associate Professor of International Relations at Boston University, author of Why Nations Rise: Narratives and the Path to Great Power, "The Most Dangerous Game: Do Power Transitions Always Lead to War?" Foreign Affairs, July/August 2024, 06/18/2024, https://www.foreignaffairs.com/united-states/most-dangerous-game

the Thucydides trap.” holds that ascendant powers routinely emerge to challenge the dominant power leading to conflict power transition offers a truth the way the established power manages the international order can matter as much as the ambitions of the challenger challengers have to act within existing norms rising powers are careful to avoid antagonizing a declining power, as the U S did when it supported the U K the order may facilitate a challenger that seeks to manipulate existing norms to gain advantage the U S Rather than reforming institutions has turned to ad hoc diplomacy, making the i order more contested Such erosion could accelerate China’s rise making China more likely to challenge


Question: Masking DA

Masking DA

Wilkie 12[Rob Wilkie, Ph.D. in English from University at Albany, SUNY and B.A. in English, Hofstra University and Assistant Professor of Cultural and Digital Studies at U Wisconsin-La Crosse, “Capitalism’s Posthuman Empire, “The Red Critique Vol.14, http://redcritique.org/WinterSpring2012/capitalismsposthumanempire.htm]

the contemporary reading of identity is that each identity is divided by others the struggle for social change is not about ending the conditions of class exploitation that lead to racial and other forms of oppression , but expanding the recognition of independent identities their proposal is to  abandon fundamental social transformation or alternative to capitalism this does not change the reality that expansion of capitalism has meant rising level of inequality reflected by increasing racial and religious tensions the recognition of cultural difference as the means to address social oppressions of race, gender, sexuality, animality, and (dis)ability has become the ideology that in obscuring exploitation  enables global capitalism  to deepen social inequalities this image of society as consisting of autonomous, self-identified individuals it replicates the ideology on which capitalism depends a politics of individual , autonomous solutions  to structural economic contradiction serves to extend the economic realities of capitalism  which give rise to conditions posthumanists oppose Capitalism has no problems recognizing local differences and adapting


Question: Wilkie 12

Masking DA

Wilkie 12[Rob Wilkie, Ph.D. in English from University at Albany, SUNY and B.A. in English, Hofstra University and Assistant Professor of Cultural and Digital Studies at U Wisconsin-La Crosse, “Capitalism’s Posthuman Empire, “The Red Critique Vol.14, http://redcritique.org/WinterSpring2012/capitalismsposthumanempire.htm]

the contemporary reading of identity is that each identity is divided by others the struggle for social change is not about ending the conditions of class exploitation that lead to racial and other forms of oppression , but expanding the recognition of independent identities their proposal is to  abandon fundamental social transformation or alternative to capitalism this does not change the reality that expansion of capitalism has meant rising level of inequality reflected by increasing racial and religious tensions the recognition of cultural difference as the means to address social oppressions of race, gender, sexuality, animality, and (dis)ability has become the ideology that in obscuring exploitation  enables global capitalism  to deepen social inequalities this image of society as consisting of autonomous, self-identified individuals it replicates the ideology on which capitalism depends a politics of individual , autonomous solutions  to structural economic contradiction serves to extend the economic realities of capitalism  which give rise to conditions posthumanists oppose Capitalism has no problems recognizing local differences and adapting


Question: capitalism recognizing local differences

Masking DA

Wilkie 12[Rob Wilkie, Ph.D. in English from University at Albany, SUNY and B.A. in English, Hofstra University and Assistant Professor of Cultural and Digital Studies at U Wisconsin-La Crosse, “Capitalism’s Posthuman Empire, “The Red Critique Vol.14, http://redcritique.org/WinterSpring2012/capitalismsposthumanempire.htm]

the contemporary reading of identity is that each identity is divided by others the struggle for social change is not about ending the conditions of class exploitation that lead to racial and other forms of oppression , but expanding the recognition of independent identities their proposal is to  abandon fundamental social transformation or alternative to capitalism this does not change the reality that expansion of capitalism has meant rising level of inequality reflected by increasing racial and religious tensions the recognition of cultural difference as the means to address social oppressions of race, gender, sexuality, animality, and (dis)ability has become the ideology that in obscuring exploitation  enables global capitalism  to deepen social inequalities this image of society as consisting of autonomous, self-identified individuals it replicates the ideology on which capitalism depends a politics of individual , autonomous solutions  to structural economic contradiction serves to extend the economic realities of capitalism  which give rise to conditions posthumanists oppose Capitalism has no problems recognizing local differences and adapting


Question: recognition of cultural difference

Masking DA

Wilkie 12[Rob Wilkie, Ph.D. in English from University at Albany, SUNY and B.A. in English, Hofstra University and Assistant Professor of Cultural and Digital Studies at U Wisconsin-La Crosse, “Capitalism’s Posthuman Empire, “The Red Critique Vol.14, http://redcritique.org/WinterSpring2012/capitalismsposthumanempire.htm]

the contemporary reading of identity is that each identity is divided by others the struggle for social change is not about ending the conditions of class exploitation that lead to racial and other forms of oppression , but expanding the recognition of independent identities their proposal is to  abandon fundamental social transformation or alternative to capitalism this does not change the reality that expansion of capitalism has meant rising level of inequality reflected by increasing racial and religious tensions the recognition of cultural difference as the means to address social oppressions of race, gender, sexuality, animality, and (dis)ability has become the ideology that in obscuring exploitation  enables global capitalism  to deepen social inequalities this image of society as consisting of autonomous, self-identified individuals it replicates the ideology on which capitalism depends a politics of individual , autonomous solutions  to structural economic contradiction serves to extend the economic realities of capitalism  which give rise to conditions posthumanists oppose Capitalism has no problems recognizing local differences and adapting


Question: autonomous self-identified individuals

Masking DA

Wilkie 12[Rob Wilkie, Ph.D. in English from University at Albany, SUNY and B.A. in English, Hofstra University and Assistant Professor of Cultural and Digital Studies at U Wisconsin-La Crosse, “Capitalism’s Posthuman Empire, “The Red Critique Vol.14, http://redcritique.org/WinterSpring2012/capitalismsposthumanempire.htm]

the contemporary reading of identity is that each identity is divided by others the struggle for social change is not about ending the conditions of class exploitation that lead to racial and other forms of oppression , but expanding the recognition of independent identities their proposal is to  abandon fundamental social transformation or alternative to capitalism this does not change the reality that expansion of capitalism has meant rising level of inequality reflected by increasing racial and religious tensions the recognition of cultural difference as the means to address social oppressions of race, gender, sexuality, animality, and (dis)ability has become the ideology that in obscuring exploitation  enables global capitalism  to deepen social inequalities this image of society as consisting of autonomous, self-identified individuals it replicates the ideology on which capitalism depends a politics of individual , autonomous solutions  to structural economic contradiction serves to extend the economic realities of capitalism  which give rise to conditions posthumanists oppose Capitalism has no problems recognizing local differences and adapting


Question: obscuring exploitation

Masking DA

Wilkie 12[Rob Wilkie, Ph.D. in English from University at Albany, SUNY and B.A. in English, Hofstra University and Assistant Professor of Cultural and Digital Studies at U Wisconsin-La Crosse, “Capitalism’s Posthuman Empire, “The Red Critique Vol.14, http://redcritique.org/WinterSpring2012/capitalismsposthumanempire.htm]

the contemporary reading of identity is that each identity is divided by others the struggle for social change is not about ending the conditions of class exploitation that lead to racial and other forms of oppression , but expanding the recognition of independent identities their proposal is to  abandon fundamental social transformation or alternative to capitalism this does not change the reality that expansion of capitalism has meant rising level of inequality reflected by increasing racial and religious tensions the recognition of cultural difference as the means to address social oppressions of race, gender, sexuality, animality, and (dis)ability has become the ideology that in obscuring exploitation  enables global capitalism  to deepen social inequalities this image of society as consisting of autonomous, self-identified individuals it replicates the ideology on which capitalism depends a politics of individual , autonomous solutions  to structural economic contradiction serves to extend the economic realities of capitalism  which give rise to conditions posthumanists oppose Capitalism has no problems recognizing local differences and adapting


Question: masking alternative to capitalism

Masking DA

Wilkie 12[Rob Wilkie, Ph.D. in English from University at Albany, SUNY and B.A. in English, Hofstra University and Assistant Professor of Cultural and Digital Studies at U Wisconsin-La Crosse, “Capitalism’s Posthuman Empire, “The Red Critique Vol.14, http://redcritique.org/WinterSpring2012/capitalismsposthumanempire.htm]

the contemporary reading of identity is that each identity is divided by others the struggle for social change is not about ending the conditions of class exploitation that lead to racial and other forms of oppression , but expanding the recognition of independent identities their proposal is to  abandon fundamental social transformation or alternative to capitalism this does not change the reality that expansion of capitalism has meant rising level of inequality reflected by increasing racial and religious tensions the recognition of cultural difference as the means to address social oppressions of race, gender, sexuality, animality, and (dis)ability has become the ideology that in obscuring exploitation  enables global capitalism  to deepen social inequalities this image of society as consisting of autonomous, self-identified individuals it replicates the ideology on which capitalism depends a politics of individual , autonomous solutions  to structural economic contradiction serves to extend the economic realities of capitalism  which give rise to conditions posthumanists oppose Capitalism has no problems recognizing local differences and adapting


Question: rentier model endures boom bust cycles

The rentier model can endure boom and bust cycles---only the obsolescence of oil ends it.

Thafer 20, PhD, Executive Director of Gulf International Forum, Professorial Lecturer at the Center for Contemporary Arab Studies at Georgetown University. (Dania, 6-1-2020, "Saudi Arabia is addicted to the rentier model until the oil runs out," Middle East Eye, https://www.middleeasteye.net/opinion/collapse-gccs-rentier-state-only-matter-time) *language edited in brackets

State benefits to Saudi nationals fluctuate and have yet to cross the threshold that would redefine state-society relations the oil industry is one of boom and bust so prices will rebound Saudi has been deliberate not to impose direct taxes VAT and subsidy reforms are carefully selected measures that allow the preservation of the core tenets benefits such as allowances, which reward citizens for acquiescence will remain a tool The social contract is slowly evolving, but the fundamental rentier state dynamics remain the same the social contract will remain intact until oil becomes obsolete


Question: Thafer 20

The rentier model can endure boom and bust cycles---only the obsolescence of oil ends it.

Thafer 20, PhD, Executive Director of Gulf International Forum, Professorial Lecturer at the Center for Contemporary Arab Studies at Georgetown University. (Dania, 6-1-2020, "Saudi Arabia is addicted to the rentier model until the oil runs out," Middle East Eye, https://www.middleeasteye.net/opinion/collapse-gccs-rentier-state-only-matter-time) *language edited in brackets

State benefits to Saudi nationals fluctuate and have yet to cross the threshold that would redefine state-society relations the oil industry is one of boom and bust so prices will rebound Saudi has been deliberate not to impose direct taxes VAT and subsidy reforms are carefully selected measures that allow the preservation of the core tenets benefits such as allowances, which reward citizens for acquiescence will remain a tool The social contract is slowly evolving, but the fundamental rentier state dynamics remain the same the social contract will remain intact until oil becomes obsolete


Question: Dania Thafer

The rentier model can endure boom and bust cycles---only the obsolescence of oil ends it.

Thafer 20, PhD, Executive Director of Gulf International Forum, Professorial Lecturer at the Center for Contemporary Arab Studies at Georgetown University. (Dania, 6-1-2020, "Saudi Arabia is addicted to the rentier model until the oil runs out," Middle East Eye, https://www.middleeasteye.net/opinion/collapse-gccs-rentier-state-only-matter-time) *language edited in brackets

State benefits to Saudi nationals fluctuate and have yet to cross the threshold that would redefine state-society relations the oil industry is one of boom and bust so prices will rebound Saudi has been deliberate not to impose direct taxes VAT and subsidy reforms are carefully selected measures that allow the preservation of the core tenets benefits such as allowances, which reward citizens for acquiescence will remain a tool The social contract is slowly evolving, but the fundamental rentier state dynamics remain the same the social contract will remain intact until oil becomes obsolete


Question: rentier model oil obsolescence

The rentier model can endure boom and bust cycles---only the obsolescence of oil ends it.

Thafer 20, PhD, Executive Director of Gulf International Forum, Professorial Lecturer at the Center for Contemporary Arab Studies at Georgetown University. (Dania, 6-1-2020, "Saudi Arabia is addicted to the rentier model until the oil runs out," Middle East Eye, https://www.middleeasteye.net/opinion/collapse-gccs-rentier-state-only-matter-time) *language edited in brackets

State benefits to Saudi nationals fluctuate and have yet to cross the threshold that would redefine state-society relations the oil industry is one of boom and bust so prices will rebound Saudi has been deliberate not to impose direct taxes VAT and subsidy reforms are carefully selected measures that allow the preservation of the core tenets benefits such as allowances, which reward citizens for acquiescence will remain a tool The social contract is slowly evolving, but the fundamental rentier state dynamics remain the same the social contract will remain intact until oil becomes obsolete


Question: Saudi Arabia rentier model

The rentier model can endure boom and bust cycles---only the obsolescence of oil ends it.

Thafer 20, PhD, Executive Director of Gulf International Forum, Professorial Lecturer at the Center for Contemporary Arab Studies at Georgetown University. (Dania, 6-1-2020, "Saudi Arabia is addicted to the rentier model until the oil runs out," Middle East Eye, https://www.middleeasteye.net/opinion/collapse-gccs-rentier-state-only-matter-time) *language edited in brackets

State benefits to Saudi nationals fluctuate and have yet to cross the threshold that would redefine state-society relations the oil industry is one of boom and bust so prices will rebound Saudi has been deliberate not to impose direct taxes VAT and subsidy reforms are carefully selected measures that allow the preservation of the core tenets benefits such as allowances, which reward citizens for acquiescence will remain a tool The social contract is slowly evolving, but the fundamental rentier state dynamics remain the same the social contract will remain intact until oil becomes obsolete


Question: rentier state dynamics

The rentier model can endure boom and bust cycles---only the obsolescence of oil ends it.

Thafer 20, PhD, Executive Director of Gulf International Forum, Professorial Lecturer at the Center for Contemporary Arab Studies at Georgetown University. (Dania, 6-1-2020, "Saudi Arabia is addicted to the rentier model until the oil runs out," Middle East Eye, https://www.middleeasteye.net/opinion/collapse-gccs-rentier-state-only-matter-time) *language edited in brackets

State benefits to Saudi nationals fluctuate and have yet to cross the threshold that would redefine state-society relations the oil industry is one of boom and bust so prices will rebound Saudi has been deliberate not to impose direct taxes VAT and subsidy reforms are carefully selected measures that allow the preservation of the core tenets benefits such as allowances, which reward citizens for acquiescence will remain a tool The social contract is slowly evolving, but the fundamental rentier state dynamics remain the same the social contract will remain intact until oil becomes obsolete


Question: Walz answers the turns

Walz answers the turns – progressives willing to wait past election on climate policy

Cecelia Smith-Schoenwalder, 8-6-2024, "Harris Gets Progressives’ Stamp of Approval for Tim Walz VP Pick", US News & World Report, https://www.usnews.com/news/national-news/articles/2024-08-06/harris-gets-progressives-stamp-of-approval-for-tim-walz-vp-pick

Walz brings a “proven ability to repeatedly and consistently win in rural and swing districts, and implement a strong, progressive agenda Progressive Caucus main desire was that Harris not pick Shapiro Though the focus for now is on Harris winning expect progressives to ramp up pressure on abortion and climate if she does become president


Question: Smith-Schoenwalder Walz answers

Walz answers the turns – progressives willing to wait past election on climate policy

Cecelia Smith-Schoenwalder, 8-6-2024, "Harris Gets Progressives’ Stamp of Approval for Tim Walz VP Pick", US News & World Report, https://www.usnews.com/news/national-news/articles/2024-08-06/harris-gets-progressives-stamp-of-approval-for-tim-walz-vp-pick

Walz brings a “proven ability to repeatedly and consistently win in rural and swing districts, and implement a strong, progressive agenda Progressive Caucus main desire was that Harris not pick Shapiro Though the focus for now is on Harris winning expect progressives to ramp up pressure on abortion and climate if she does become president