Question: PGPF 24

Thus, the plan, resolved: The United States federal government should implement a $49 per ton carbon tax rising by 5% per year with a border tax adjustment equivalent to the carbon tax rate in the United States.

PGPF 24 (The Peter G. Peterson Foundation is an American billionaire-funded foundation established in 2008 by Peter G. Peterson, former US Secretary of Commerce in the Nixon Administration and co-founder of the Blackstone Group, an American financial-services company, “The National Debt is Rising Unsustainably, and Other Takeaways from CBO’s Latest Projections”, 3/20/24, https://www.pgpf.org/blog/2024/03/the-national-debt-is-rising-unsustainably-and-other-takeaways-from-cbos-latest-projections.) pelletier

Debt equaled 97 percent of GDP at the end of 2023 CBO projects that ratio will continue to climb Medicare will drive growth in spending and rising costs will cause spending to continue climbing Federal revenues won’t keep pace rising again after 2025 because of expiration of some provisions of Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. Interest rates projected to rise accumulation of debt will cause borrowing costs to rise The C B O expects the debt to exceed the previous peak by 2027 massive diversion away from productive investment poses a threat to geopolitical stability lower capital investment diminished economic growth deficits impinge critical infrastructure. Lower incomes and slower growth are inevitable outcomes tangible concern that the U.S. will abandon alliances currency collapses tend to occur suddenly


Question: Peter G Peterson Foundation

Thus, the plan, resolved: The United States federal government should implement a $49 per ton carbon tax rising by 5% per year with a border tax adjustment equivalent to the carbon tax rate in the United States.

PGPF 24 (The Peter G. Peterson Foundation is an American billionaire-funded foundation established in 2008 by Peter G. Peterson, former US Secretary of Commerce in the Nixon Administration and co-founder of the Blackstone Group, an American financial-services company, “The National Debt is Rising Unsustainably, and Other Takeaways from CBO’s Latest Projections”, 3/20/24, https://www.pgpf.org/blog/2024/03/the-national-debt-is-rising-unsustainably-and-other-takeaways-from-cbos-latest-projections.) pelletier

Debt equaled 97 percent of GDP at the end of 2023 CBO projects that ratio will continue to climb Medicare will drive growth in spending and rising costs will cause spending to continue climbing Federal revenues won’t keep pace rising again after 2025 because of expiration of some provisions of Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. Interest rates projected to rise accumulation of debt will cause borrowing costs to rise The C B O expects the debt to exceed the previous peak by 2027 massive diversion away from productive investment poses a threat to geopolitical stability lower capital investment diminished economic growth deficits impinge critical infrastructure. Lower incomes and slower growth are inevitable outcomes tangible concern that the U.S. will abandon alliances currency collapses tend to occur suddenly


Question: carbon tax border adjustment

Thus, the plan, resolved: The United States federal government should implement a $49 per ton carbon tax rising by 5% per year with a border tax adjustment equivalent to the carbon tax rate in the United States.

PGPF 24 (The Peter G. Peterson Foundation is an American billionaire-funded foundation established in 2008 by Peter G. Peterson, former US Secretary of Commerce in the Nixon Administration and co-founder of the Blackstone Group, an American financial-services company, “The National Debt is Rising Unsustainably, and Other Takeaways from CBO’s Latest Projections”, 3/20/24, https://www.pgpf.org/blog/2024/03/the-national-debt-is-rising-unsustainably-and-other-takeaways-from-cbos-latest-projections.) pelletier

Debt equaled 97 percent of GDP at the end of 2023 CBO projects that ratio will continue to climb Medicare will drive growth in spending and rising costs will cause spending to continue climbing Federal revenues won’t keep pace rising again after 2025 because of expiration of some provisions of Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. Interest rates projected to rise accumulation of debt will cause borrowing costs to rise The C B O expects the debt to exceed the previous peak by 2027 massive diversion away from productive investment poses a threat to geopolitical stability lower capital investment diminished economic growth deficits impinge critical infrastructure. Lower incomes and slower growth are inevitable outcomes tangible concern that the U.S. will abandon alliances currency collapses tend to occur suddenly


Question: US debt unsustainable

Thus, the plan, resolved: The United States federal government should implement a $49 per ton carbon tax rising by 5% per year with a border tax adjustment equivalent to the carbon tax rate in the United States.

PGPF 24 (The Peter G. Peterson Foundation is an American billionaire-funded foundation established in 2008 by Peter G. Peterson, former US Secretary of Commerce in the Nixon Administration and co-founder of the Blackstone Group, an American financial-services company, “The National Debt is Rising Unsustainably, and Other Takeaways from CBO’s Latest Projections”, 3/20/24, https://www.pgpf.org/blog/2024/03/the-national-debt-is-rising-unsustainably-and-other-takeaways-from-cbos-latest-projections.) pelletier

Debt equaled 97 percent of GDP at the end of 2023 CBO projects that ratio will continue to climb Medicare will drive growth in spending and rising costs will cause spending to continue climbing Federal revenues won’t keep pace rising again after 2025 because of expiration of some provisions of Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. Interest rates projected to rise accumulation of debt will cause borrowing costs to rise The C B O expects the debt to exceed the previous peak by 2027 massive diversion away from productive investment poses a threat to geopolitical stability lower capital investment diminished economic growth deficits impinge critical infrastructure. Lower incomes and slower growth are inevitable outcomes tangible concern that the U.S. will abandon alliances currency collapses tend to occur suddenly


Question: debt to GDP ratio

Thus, the plan, resolved: The United States federal government should implement a $49 per ton carbon tax rising by 5% per year with a border tax adjustment equivalent to the carbon tax rate in the United States.

PGPF 24 (The Peter G. Peterson Foundation is an American billionaire-funded foundation established in 2008 by Peter G. Peterson, former US Secretary of Commerce in the Nixon Administration and co-founder of the Blackstone Group, an American financial-services company, “The National Debt is Rising Unsustainably, and Other Takeaways from CBO’s Latest Projections”, 3/20/24, https://www.pgpf.org/blog/2024/03/the-national-debt-is-rising-unsustainably-and-other-takeaways-from-cbos-latest-projections.) pelletier

Debt equaled 97 percent of GDP at the end of 2023 CBO projects that ratio will continue to climb Medicare will drive growth in spending and rising costs will cause spending to continue climbing Federal revenues won’t keep pace rising again after 2025 because of expiration of some provisions of Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. Interest rates projected to rise accumulation of debt will cause borrowing costs to rise The C B O expects the debt to exceed the previous peak by 2027 massive diversion away from productive investment poses a threat to geopolitical stability lower capital investment diminished economic growth deficits impinge critical infrastructure. Lower incomes and slower growth are inevitable outcomes tangible concern that the U.S. will abandon alliances currency collapses tend to occur suddenly


Question: carbon tax plan

Thus, the plan, resolved: The United States federal government should implement a $49 per ton carbon tax rising by 5% per year with a border tax adjustment equivalent to the carbon tax rate in the United States.

PGPF 24 (The Peter G. Peterson Foundation is an American billionaire-funded foundation established in 2008 by Peter G. Peterson, former US Secretary of Commerce in the Nixon Administration and co-founder of the Blackstone Group, an American financial-services company, “The National Debt is Rising Unsustainably, and Other Takeaways from CBO’s Latest Projections”, 3/20/24, https://www.pgpf.org/blog/2024/03/the-national-debt-is-rising-unsustainably-and-other-takeaways-from-cbos-latest-projections.) pelletier

Debt equaled 97 percent of GDP at the end of 2023 CBO projects that ratio will continue to climb Medicare will drive growth in spending and rising costs will cause spending to continue climbing Federal revenues won’t keep pace rising again after 2025 because of expiration of some provisions of Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. Interest rates projected to rise accumulation of debt will cause borrowing costs to rise The C B O expects the debt to exceed the previous peak by 2027 massive diversion away from productive investment poses a threat to geopolitical stability lower capital investment diminished economic growth deficits impinge critical infrastructure. Lower incomes and slower growth are inevitable outcomes tangible concern that the U.S. will abandon alliances currency collapses tend to occur suddenly


Question: Warrant is ether, disproved by Einstein

Wrong --- warrant is Ether, disproved by Einstein.

Rohrbaugh 1922 [Rohrbaugh, L. G. (1922). The energy concept: a spiritual concept of reality [University of Iowa]. https://iro.uiowa.edu/esploro/outputs/doctoral/The-energy-concept-a-spiritual-concept/9983777057402771. //cohn]

In study of the energy concept The "number, length , breadth, volume, interval", etc ., will not suffice We want to know "why" these causes operate the concept of the ether has led us to the conclusion concept than either ether or matter physical science offers no answer to our legitimate demands forced to champion hypothesis which says that energy is of a spiritual nature The left adapted to powerlessness movements are everywhere, we are told, and they will change the world Except they won’t . do not have means local fires put out one by one How have the left coped with powerlessness? disengagement redefining politics as performance of virtue rather than power Activities are evaluated according to how expressive they are without any attention to whether they have an impact on carbon emissions response is to collapse change into personal choices over philosophy . If you believe climate change can be defeated by rejection one individual at a time each conversion constitutes victory This reinforces that powerlessness is irrelevant , since change is at a deeper level than governments and laws the conflation of wishes and operative political programs holds up statements of intent as if they were proposals whose implementation would have outcomes announcing the goal is sufficient it evades how to deal with the political challenge of getting programs enacted and enforced The view that capitalism is a style of thinking progress is a myth political contestation is irrelevant That’s the real problem


Question: Rohrbaugh 1922

Wrong --- warrant is Ether, disproved by Einstein.

Rohrbaugh 1922 [Rohrbaugh, L. G. (1922). The energy concept: a spiritual concept of reality [University of Iowa]. https://iro.uiowa.edu/esploro/outputs/doctoral/The-energy-concept-a-spiritual-concept/9983777057402771. //cohn]

In study of the energy concept The "number, length , breadth, volume, interval", etc ., will not suffice We want to know "why" these causes operate the concept of the ether has led us to the conclusion concept than either ether or matter physical science offers no answer to our legitimate demands forced to champion hypothesis which says that energy is of a spiritual nature The left adapted to powerlessness movements are everywhere, we are told, and they will change the world Except they won’t . do not have means local fires put out one by one How have the left coped with powerlessness? disengagement redefining politics as performance of virtue rather than power Activities are evaluated according to how expressive they are without any attention to whether they have an impact on carbon emissions response is to collapse change into personal choices over philosophy . If you believe climate change can be defeated by rejection one individual at a time each conversion constitutes victory This reinforces that powerlessness is irrelevant , since change is at a deeper level than governments and laws the conflation of wishes and operative political programs holds up statements of intent as if they were proposals whose implementation would have outcomes announcing the goal is sufficient it evades how to deal with the political challenge of getting programs enacted and enforced The view that capitalism is a style of thinking progress is a myth political contestation is irrelevant That’s the real problem


Question: energy concept spiritual

Wrong --- warrant is Ether, disproved by Einstein.

Rohrbaugh 1922 [Rohrbaugh, L. G. (1922). The energy concept: a spiritual concept of reality [University of Iowa]. https://iro.uiowa.edu/esploro/outputs/doctoral/The-energy-concept-a-spiritual-concept/9983777057402771. //cohn]

In study of the energy concept The "number, length , breadth, volume, interval", etc ., will not suffice We want to know "why" these causes operate the concept of the ether has led us to the conclusion concept than either ether or matter physical science offers no answer to our legitimate demands forced to champion hypothesis which says that energy is of a spiritual nature The left adapted to powerlessness movements are everywhere, we are told, and they will change the world Except they won’t . do not have means local fires put out one by one How have the left coped with powerlessness? disengagement redefining politics as performance of virtue rather than power Activities are evaluated according to how expressive they are without any attention to whether they have an impact on carbon emissions response is to collapse change into personal choices over philosophy . If you believe climate change can be defeated by rejection one individual at a time each conversion constitutes victory This reinforces that powerlessness is irrelevant , since change is at a deeper level than governments and laws the conflation of wishes and operative political programs holds up statements of intent as if they were proposals whose implementation would have outcomes announcing the goal is sufficient it evades how to deal with the political challenge of getting programs enacted and enforced The view that capitalism is a style of thinking progress is a myth political contestation is irrelevant That’s the real problem


Question: ether or matter physical science

Wrong --- warrant is Ether, disproved by Einstein.

Rohrbaugh 1922 [Rohrbaugh, L. G. (1922). The energy concept: a spiritual concept of reality [University of Iowa]. https://iro.uiowa.edu/esploro/outputs/doctoral/The-energy-concept-a-spiritual-concept/9983777057402771. //cohn]

In study of the energy concept The "number, length , breadth, volume, interval", etc ., will not suffice We want to know "why" these causes operate the concept of the ether has led us to the conclusion concept than either ether or matter physical science offers no answer to our legitimate demands forced to champion hypothesis which says that energy is of a spiritual nature The left adapted to powerlessness movements are everywhere, we are told, and they will change the world Except they won’t . do not have means local fires put out one by one How have the left coped with powerlessness? disengagement redefining politics as performance of virtue rather than power Activities are evaluated according to how expressive they are without any attention to whether they have an impact on carbon emissions response is to collapse change into personal choices over philosophy . If you believe climate change can be defeated by rejection one individual at a time each conversion constitutes victory This reinforces that powerlessness is irrelevant , since change is at a deeper level than governments and laws the conflation of wishes and operative political programs holds up statements of intent as if they were proposals whose implementation would have outcomes announcing the goal is sufficient it evades how to deal with the political challenge of getting programs enacted and enforced The view that capitalism is a style of thinking progress is a myth political contestation is irrelevant That’s the real problem


Question: energy is of a spiritual nature

Wrong --- warrant is Ether, disproved by Einstein.

Rohrbaugh 1922 [Rohrbaugh, L. G. (1922). The energy concept: a spiritual concept of reality [University of Iowa]. https://iro.uiowa.edu/esploro/outputs/doctoral/The-energy-concept-a-spiritual-concept/9983777057402771. //cohn]

In study of the energy concept The "number, length , breadth, volume, interval", etc ., will not suffice We want to know "why" these causes operate the concept of the ether has led us to the conclusion concept than either ether or matter physical science offers no answer to our legitimate demands forced to champion hypothesis which says that energy is of a spiritual nature The left adapted to powerlessness movements are everywhere, we are told, and they will change the world Except they won’t . do not have means local fires put out one by one How have the left coped with powerlessness? disengagement redefining politics as performance of virtue rather than power Activities are evaluated according to how expressive they are without any attention to whether they have an impact on carbon emissions response is to collapse change into personal choices over philosophy . If you believe climate change can be defeated by rejection one individual at a time each conversion constitutes victory This reinforces that powerlessness is irrelevant , since change is at a deeper level than governments and laws the conflation of wishes and operative political programs holds up statements of intent as if they were proposals whose implementation would have outcomes announcing the goal is sufficient it evades how to deal with the political challenge of getting programs enacted and enforced The view that capitalism is a style of thinking progress is a myth political contestation is irrelevant That’s the real problem


Question: left adapted to powerlessness

Wrong --- warrant is Ether, disproved by Einstein.

Rohrbaugh 1922 [Rohrbaugh, L. G. (1922). The energy concept: a spiritual concept of reality [University of Iowa]. https://iro.uiowa.edu/esploro/outputs/doctoral/The-energy-concept-a-spiritual-concept/9983777057402771. //cohn]

In study of the energy concept The "number, length , breadth, volume, interval", etc ., will not suffice We want to know "why" these causes operate the concept of the ether has led us to the conclusion concept than either ether or matter physical science offers no answer to our legitimate demands forced to champion hypothesis which says that energy is of a spiritual nature The left adapted to powerlessness movements are everywhere, we are told, and they will change the world Except they won’t . do not have means local fires put out one by one How have the left coped with powerlessness? disengagement redefining politics as performance of virtue rather than power Activities are evaluated according to how expressive they are without any attention to whether they have an impact on carbon emissions response is to collapse change into personal choices over philosophy . If you believe climate change can be defeated by rejection one individual at a time each conversion constitutes victory This reinforces that powerlessness is irrelevant , since change is at a deeper level than governments and laws the conflation of wishes and operative political programs holds up statements of intent as if they were proposals whose implementation would have outcomes announcing the goal is sufficient it evades how to deal with the political challenge of getting programs enacted and enforced The view that capitalism is a style of thinking progress is a myth political contestation is irrelevant That’s the real problem


Question: redefining politics as performance of virtue

Wrong --- warrant is Ether, disproved by Einstein.

Rohrbaugh 1922 [Rohrbaugh, L. G. (1922). The energy concept: a spiritual concept of reality [University of Iowa]. https://iro.uiowa.edu/esploro/outputs/doctoral/The-energy-concept-a-spiritual-concept/9983777057402771. //cohn]

In study of the energy concept The "number, length , breadth, volume, interval", etc ., will not suffice We want to know "why" these causes operate the concept of the ether has led us to the conclusion concept than either ether or matter physical science offers no answer to our legitimate demands forced to champion hypothesis which says that energy is of a spiritual nature The left adapted to powerlessness movements are everywhere, we are told, and they will change the world Except they won’t . do not have means local fires put out one by one How have the left coped with powerlessness? disengagement redefining politics as performance of virtue rather than power Activities are evaluated according to how expressive they are without any attention to whether they have an impact on carbon emissions response is to collapse change into personal choices over philosophy . If you believe climate change can be defeated by rejection one individual at a time each conversion constitutes victory This reinforces that powerlessness is irrelevant , since change is at a deeper level than governments and laws the conflation of wishes and operative political programs holds up statements of intent as if they were proposals whose implementation would have outcomes announcing the goal is sufficient it evades how to deal with the political challenge of getting programs enacted and enforced The view that capitalism is a style of thinking progress is a myth political contestation is irrelevant That’s the real problem


Question: climate change defeated by rejection

Wrong --- warrant is Ether, disproved by Einstein.

Rohrbaugh 1922 [Rohrbaugh, L. G. (1922). The energy concept: a spiritual concept of reality [University of Iowa]. https://iro.uiowa.edu/esploro/outputs/doctoral/The-energy-concept-a-spiritual-concept/9983777057402771. //cohn]

In study of the energy concept The "number, length , breadth, volume, interval", etc ., will not suffice We want to know "why" these causes operate the concept of the ether has led us to the conclusion concept than either ether or matter physical science offers no answer to our legitimate demands forced to champion hypothesis which says that energy is of a spiritual nature The left adapted to powerlessness movements are everywhere, we are told, and they will change the world Except they won’t . do not have means local fires put out one by one How have the left coped with powerlessness? disengagement redefining politics as performance of virtue rather than power Activities are evaluated according to how expressive they are without any attention to whether they have an impact on carbon emissions response is to collapse change into personal choices over philosophy . If you believe climate change can be defeated by rejection one individual at a time each conversion constitutes victory This reinforces that powerlessness is irrelevant , since change is at a deeper level than governments and laws the conflation of wishes and operative political programs holds up statements of intent as if they were proposals whose implementation would have outcomes announcing the goal is sufficient it evades how to deal with the political challenge of getting programs enacted and enforced The view that capitalism is a style of thinking progress is a myth political contestation is irrelevant That’s the real problem


Question: environmental education coheres through order-words

Environmental education coheres through order-words like “green technology” and “clean energy” which shapes debaters into talking heads. In an economy of talking heads, order words regulate the production of energy to ensure the communication machine’s stability despite numerous interlocking crises.

St. Pierre, Joshua. 2022 [Canada Research Chair (Tier 2) in Critical Disability Studies and Assistant Professor of Political Science at the University of Alberta. He holds a BA in Humanities (Briercrest College), an MA in Philosophy (University of Alberta), and a PhD in Philosophy (University of Alberta). He is a multidisciplinary researcher and an avid gardener.] “Cheap Talk: Disability and the Politics of Communication”

an order-word is a command that regulates what can be thought and done They individuate subjects and assign social roles, functions, and identities Order-words simplify information to make information palatable talking heads draw on order-words to frame and make instantly understandable the complex tangle of world events cultivate a specific mood and drive home, through repetition, commands about how we ought to understand the world Communication machines constrain what can be seen and heard we believe ourselves to be the origin of our statements, but we are in fact spoken by the communication machine The more one interacts with such machines, “the more you abandon what you actually wanted to say


Question: st pierre order-words

Environmental education coheres through order-words like “green technology” and “clean energy” which shapes debaters into talking heads. In an economy of talking heads, order words regulate the production of energy to ensure the communication machine’s stability despite numerous interlocking crises.

St. Pierre, Joshua. 2022 [Canada Research Chair (Tier 2) in Critical Disability Studies and Assistant Professor of Political Science at the University of Alberta. He holds a BA in Humanities (Briercrest College), an MA in Philosophy (University of Alberta), and a PhD in Philosophy (University of Alberta). He is a multidisciplinary researcher and an avid gardener.] “Cheap Talk: Disability and the Politics of Communication”

an order-word is a command that regulates what can be thought and done They individuate subjects and assign social roles, functions, and identities Order-words simplify information to make information palatable talking heads draw on order-words to frame and make instantly understandable the complex tangle of world events cultivate a specific mood and drive home, through repetition, commands about how we ought to understand the world Communication machines constrain what can be seen and heard we believe ourselves to be the origin of our statements, but we are in fact spoken by the communication machine The more one interacts with such machines, “the more you abandon what you actually wanted to say


Question: joshua st pierre talking heads

Environmental education coheres through order-words like “green technology” and “clean energy” which shapes debaters into talking heads. In an economy of talking heads, order words regulate the production of energy to ensure the communication machine’s stability despite numerous interlocking crises.

St. Pierre, Joshua. 2022 [Canada Research Chair (Tier 2) in Critical Disability Studies and Assistant Professor of Political Science at the University of Alberta. He holds a BA in Humanities (Briercrest College), an MA in Philosophy (University of Alberta), and a PhD in Philosophy (University of Alberta). He is a multidisciplinary researcher and an avid gardener.] “Cheap Talk: Disability and the Politics of Communication”

an order-word is a command that regulates what can be thought and done They individuate subjects and assign social roles, functions, and identities Order-words simplify information to make information palatable talking heads draw on order-words to frame and make instantly understandable the complex tangle of world events cultivate a specific mood and drive home, through repetition, commands about how we ought to understand the world Communication machines constrain what can be seen and heard we believe ourselves to be the origin of our statements, but we are in fact spoken by the communication machine The more one interacts with such machines, “the more you abandon what you actually wanted to say


Question: order-words regulate thought

Environmental education coheres through order-words like “green technology” and “clean energy” which shapes debaters into talking heads. In an economy of talking heads, order words regulate the production of energy to ensure the communication machine’s stability despite numerous interlocking crises.

St. Pierre, Joshua. 2022 [Canada Research Chair (Tier 2) in Critical Disability Studies and Assistant Professor of Political Science at the University of Alberta. He holds a BA in Humanities (Briercrest College), an MA in Philosophy (University of Alberta), and a PhD in Philosophy (University of Alberta). He is a multidisciplinary researcher and an avid gardener.] “Cheap Talk: Disability and the Politics of Communication”

an order-word is a command that regulates what can be thought and done They individuate subjects and assign social roles, functions, and identities Order-words simplify information to make information palatable talking heads draw on order-words to frame and make instantly understandable the complex tangle of world events cultivate a specific mood and drive home, through repetition, commands about how we ought to understand the world Communication machines constrain what can be seen and heard we believe ourselves to be the origin of our statements, but we are in fact spoken by the communication machine The more one interacts with such machines, “the more you abandon what you actually wanted to say


Question: communication machines constrain

Environmental education coheres through order-words like “green technology” and “clean energy” which shapes debaters into talking heads. In an economy of talking heads, order words regulate the production of energy to ensure the communication machine’s stability despite numerous interlocking crises.

St. Pierre, Joshua. 2022 [Canada Research Chair (Tier 2) in Critical Disability Studies and Assistant Professor of Political Science at the University of Alberta. He holds a BA in Humanities (Briercrest College), an MA in Philosophy (University of Alberta), and a PhD in Philosophy (University of Alberta). He is a multidisciplinary researcher and an avid gardener.] “Cheap Talk: Disability and the Politics of Communication”

an order-word is a command that regulates what can be thought and done They individuate subjects and assign social roles, functions, and identities Order-words simplify information to make information palatable talking heads draw on order-words to frame and make instantly understandable the complex tangle of world events cultivate a specific mood and drive home, through repetition, commands about how we ought to understand the world Communication machines constrain what can be seen and heard we believe ourselves to be the origin of our statements, but we are in fact spoken by the communication machine The more one interacts with such machines, “the more you abandon what you actually wanted to say


Question: talking heads simplify information

Environmental education coheres through order-words like “green technology” and “clean energy” which shapes debaters into talking heads. In an economy of talking heads, order words regulate the production of energy to ensure the communication machine’s stability despite numerous interlocking crises.

St. Pierre, Joshua. 2022 [Canada Research Chair (Tier 2) in Critical Disability Studies and Assistant Professor of Political Science at the University of Alberta. He holds a BA in Humanities (Briercrest College), an MA in Philosophy (University of Alberta), and a PhD in Philosophy (University of Alberta). He is a multidisciplinary researcher and an avid gardener.] “Cheap Talk: Disability and the Politics of Communication”

an order-word is a command that regulates what can be thought and done They individuate subjects and assign social roles, functions, and identities Order-words simplify information to make information palatable talking heads draw on order-words to frame and make instantly understandable the complex tangle of world events cultivate a specific mood and drive home, through repetition, commands about how we ought to understand the world Communication machines constrain what can be seen and heard we believe ourselves to be the origin of our statements, but we are in fact spoken by the communication machine The more one interacts with such machines, “the more you abandon what you actually wanted to say


Question: No link and non-unique

4. No link and non-unique. Myette is a criticism of ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, not T or debate. Doesn’t assume competition and the game.

2AC Myette 24 (Ella Myette is a MA and Research Assistant in Geography @ McGill University, August 21, 2024, “Environmental assessment as a knowledge infrastructure: Unpacking politics and power in impact evaluations for Indigenous communities,” Mining and Indigenous Livelihoods, Routledge,  pp. 137-152, https://library.oapen.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.12657/93099/9781040134542.pdf?sequence=1#page=150)

knowledge infrastructures are not neutral , but are informed by social environments infrastructures of extraction situated within knowledge infrastructures EA as a knowledge infrastructure built and maintained through  creating and communicating information infrastructural power relates to the knowledge prioritized through this process and amplify a type of knowing grounded in colonial racial logics that encode and reinforce existing power


Question: Myette 24

4. No link and non-unique. Myette is a criticism of ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, not T or debate. Doesn’t assume competition and the game.

2AC Myette 24 (Ella Myette is a MA and Research Assistant in Geography @ McGill University, August 21, 2024, “Environmental assessment as a knowledge infrastructure: Unpacking politics and power in impact evaluations for Indigenous communities,” Mining and Indigenous Livelihoods, Routledge,  pp. 137-152, https://library.oapen.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.12657/93099/9781040134542.pdf?sequence=1#page=150)

knowledge infrastructures are not neutral , but are informed by social environments infrastructures of extraction situated within knowledge infrastructures EA as a knowledge infrastructure built and maintained through  creating and communicating information infrastructural power relates to the knowledge prioritized through this process and amplify a type of knowing grounded in colonial racial logics that encode and reinforce existing power


Question: Ella Myette geography

4. No link and non-unique. Myette is a criticism of ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, not T or debate. Doesn’t assume competition and the game.

2AC Myette 24 (Ella Myette is a MA and Research Assistant in Geography @ McGill University, August 21, 2024, “Environmental assessment as a knowledge infrastructure: Unpacking politics and power in impact evaluations for Indigenous communities,” Mining and Indigenous Livelihoods, Routledge,  pp. 137-152, https://library.oapen.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.12657/93099/9781040134542.pdf?sequence=1#page=150)

knowledge infrastructures are not neutral , but are informed by social environments infrastructures of extraction situated within knowledge infrastructures EA as a knowledge infrastructure built and maintained through  creating and communicating information infrastructural power relates to the knowledge prioritized through this process and amplify a type of knowing grounded in colonial racial logics that encode and reinforce existing power


Question: environmental assessment knowledge infrastructure

4. No link and non-unique. Myette is a criticism of ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, not T or debate. Doesn’t assume competition and the game.

2AC Myette 24 (Ella Myette is a MA and Research Assistant in Geography @ McGill University, August 21, 2024, “Environmental assessment as a knowledge infrastructure: Unpacking politics and power in impact evaluations for Indigenous communities,” Mining and Indigenous Livelihoods, Routledge,  pp. 137-152, https://library.oapen.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.12657/93099/9781040134542.pdf?sequence=1#page=150)

knowledge infrastructures are not neutral , but are informed by social environments infrastructures of extraction situated within knowledge infrastructures EA as a knowledge infrastructure built and maintained through  creating and communicating information infrastructural power relates to the knowledge prioritized through this process and amplify a type of knowing grounded in colonial racial logics that encode and reinforce existing power


Question: EA not T

4. No link and non-unique. Myette is a criticism of ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, not T or debate. Doesn’t assume competition and the game.

2AC Myette 24 (Ella Myette is a MA and Research Assistant in Geography @ McGill University, August 21, 2024, “Environmental assessment as a knowledge infrastructure: Unpacking politics and power in impact evaluations for Indigenous communities,” Mining and Indigenous Livelihoods, Routledge,  pp. 137-152, https://library.oapen.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.12657/93099/9781040134542.pdf?sequence=1#page=150)

knowledge infrastructures are not neutral , but are informed by social environments infrastructures of extraction situated within knowledge infrastructures EA as a knowledge infrastructure built and maintained through  creating and communicating information infrastructural power relates to the knowledge prioritized through this process and amplify a type of knowing grounded in colonial racial logics that encode and reinforce existing power


Question: knowledge infrastructures are not neutral

4. No link and non-unique. Myette is a criticism of ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, not T or debate. Doesn’t assume competition and the game.

2AC Myette 24 (Ella Myette is a MA and Research Assistant in Geography @ McGill University, August 21, 2024, “Environmental assessment as a knowledge infrastructure: Unpacking politics and power in impact evaluations for Indigenous communities,” Mining and Indigenous Livelihoods, Routledge,  pp. 137-152, https://library.oapen.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.12657/93099/9781040134542.pdf?sequence=1#page=150)

knowledge infrastructures are not neutral , but are informed by social environments infrastructures of extraction situated within knowledge infrastructures EA as a knowledge infrastructure built and maintained through  creating and communicating information infrastructural power relates to the knowledge prioritized through this process and amplify a type of knowing grounded in colonial racial logics that encode and reinforce existing power


Question: colonial racial logics

4. No link and non-unique. Myette is a criticism of ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, not T or debate. Doesn’t assume competition and the game.

2AC Myette 24 (Ella Myette is a MA and Research Assistant in Geography @ McGill University, August 21, 2024, “Environmental assessment as a knowledge infrastructure: Unpacking politics and power in impact evaluations for Indigenous communities,” Mining and Indigenous Livelihoods, Routledge,  pp. 137-152, https://library.oapen.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.12657/93099/9781040134542.pdf?sequence=1#page=150)

knowledge infrastructures are not neutral , but are informed by social environments infrastructures of extraction situated within knowledge infrastructures EA as a knowledge infrastructure built and maintained through  creating and communicating information infrastructural power relates to the knowledge prioritized through this process and amplify a type of knowing grounded in colonial racial logics that encode and reinforce existing power


Question: No AGI abstract understanding

No AGI---it’s impossible without abstract and complex understanding of consciousness.

Lehewych ’22 [Daniel; March 31; M.A. in Philosophy from the City University of New York Graduate Center, professional freelance writer; Big Think, “The subtle art of language: why artificial general intelligence might be impossible,” https://bigthink.com/the-future/artificial-general-intelligence-impossible/]

Consciousness is mysterious regarded as unsolvable “ a g i globally in 72 projects — has not produced conscious robots Language is key to a g i consciousness consists of abstract meanings. And a i is incapable engineers and scientists a i because the human is itself a mystery ability to think abstractly is impossible to code AGI certainly remain impossible


Question: Lehewych 22

No AGI---it’s impossible without abstract and complex understanding of consciousness.

Lehewych ’22 [Daniel; March 31; M.A. in Philosophy from the City University of New York Graduate Center, professional freelance writer; Big Think, “The subtle art of language: why artificial general intelligence might be impossible,” https://bigthink.com/the-future/artificial-general-intelligence-impossible/]

Consciousness is mysterious regarded as unsolvable “ a g i globally in 72 projects — has not produced conscious robots Language is key to a g i consciousness consists of abstract meanings. And a i is incapable engineers and scientists a i because the human is itself a mystery ability to think abstractly is impossible to code AGI certainly remain impossible


Question: AGI impossible without consciousness

No AGI---it’s impossible without abstract and complex understanding of consciousness.

Lehewych ’22 [Daniel; March 31; M.A. in Philosophy from the City University of New York Graduate Center, professional freelance writer; Big Think, “The subtle art of language: why artificial general intelligence might be impossible,” https://bigthink.com/the-future/artificial-general-intelligence-impossible/]

Consciousness is mysterious regarded as unsolvable “ a g i globally in 72 projects — has not produced conscious robots Language is key to a g i consciousness consists of abstract meanings. And a i is incapable engineers and scientists a i because the human is itself a mystery ability to think abstractly is impossible to code AGI certainly remain impossible


Question: AGI impossible

No AGI---it’s impossible without abstract and complex understanding of consciousness.

Lehewych ’22 [Daniel; March 31; M.A. in Philosophy from the City University of New York Graduate Center, professional freelance writer; Big Think, “The subtle art of language: why artificial general intelligence might be impossible,” https://bigthink.com/the-future/artificial-general-intelligence-impossible/]

Consciousness is mysterious regarded as unsolvable “ a g i globally in 72 projects — has not produced conscious robots Language is key to a g i consciousness consists of abstract meanings. And a i is incapable engineers and scientists a i because the human is itself a mystery ability to think abstractly is impossible to code AGI certainly remain impossible


Question: artificial general intelligence impossible

No AGI---it’s impossible without abstract and complex understanding of consciousness.

Lehewych ’22 [Daniel; March 31; M.A. in Philosophy from the City University of New York Graduate Center, professional freelance writer; Big Think, “The subtle art of language: why artificial general intelligence might be impossible,” https://bigthink.com/the-future/artificial-general-intelligence-impossible/]

Consciousness is mysterious regarded as unsolvable “ a g i globally in 72 projects — has not produced conscious robots Language is key to a g i consciousness consists of abstract meanings. And a i is incapable engineers and scientists a i because the human is itself a mystery ability to think abstractly is impossible to code AGI certainly remain impossible


Question: AI language abstract meanings

No AGI---it’s impossible without abstract and complex understanding of consciousness.

Lehewych ’22 [Daniel; March 31; M.A. in Philosophy from the City University of New York Graduate Center, professional freelance writer; Big Think, “The subtle art of language: why artificial general intelligence might be impossible,” https://bigthink.com/the-future/artificial-general-intelligence-impossible/]

Consciousness is mysterious regarded as unsolvable “ a g i globally in 72 projects — has not produced conscious robots Language is key to a g i consciousness consists of abstract meanings. And a i is incapable engineers and scientists a i because the human is itself a mystery ability to think abstractly is impossible to code AGI certainly remain impossible


Question: AI can't think abstractly

No AGI---it’s impossible without abstract and complex understanding of consciousness.

Lehewych ’22 [Daniel; March 31; M.A. in Philosophy from the City University of New York Graduate Center, professional freelance writer; Big Think, “The subtle art of language: why artificial general intelligence might be impossible,” https://bigthink.com/the-future/artificial-general-intelligence-impossible/]

Consciousness is mysterious regarded as unsolvable “ a g i globally in 72 projects — has not produced conscious robots Language is key to a g i consciousness consists of abstract meanings. And a i is incapable engineers and scientists a i because the human is itself a mystery ability to think abstractly is impossible to code AGI certainly remain impossible


Question: Consciousness unsolvable AGI impossible

No AGI---it’s impossible without abstract and complex understanding of consciousness.

Lehewych ’22 [Daniel; March 31; M.A. in Philosophy from the City University of New York Graduate Center, professional freelance writer; Big Think, “The subtle art of language: why artificial general intelligence might be impossible,” https://bigthink.com/the-future/artificial-general-intelligence-impossible/]

Consciousness is mysterious regarded as unsolvable “ a g i globally in 72 projects — has not produced conscious robots Language is key to a g i consciousness consists of abstract meanings. And a i is incapable engineers and scientists a i because the human is itself a mystery ability to think abstractly is impossible to code AGI certainly remain impossible


Question: Memorialization redraw illusionary oppositions

Discourses fueled by memorialization redraw illusionary oppositions

Day 21 (Iyko Day, PhD, Professor and Chair of English, and Interim Chair of the Department of Critical Race and Political Economy at Mount Holyoke College. Ruin Porn and the Colonial Imaginary, 27 January 2021, PMLA, Theories and Methodologies, Vol. 136, No. 1, https://doi.org/10.1632/S0030812920000103)

Widespread fascination with easier to imagine the end of the world than the end of capitalism. Ruin porn is the new sublime always acquainted with the threat of death taps into the amoral that overwhelms the rational fear of death visual culture represses the economies of environmental violence experienced by racialized and colonized peoples origin stories fetishize newness while failing to engage the histories novelty of crises rather than being attentive to the historical continuity of dispossession and disaster caused by empire steam power not reducible to a universal human demand for energy made possible by the genocidal decimation abduction enslavement exploitation deflecting attention away from histories of imperial conquest “metabolic rift” in the social relation to nature redraw division between nature and society that obscures rather than clarifies their relation


Question: Iyko Day 21

Discourses fueled by memorialization redraw illusionary oppositions

Day 21 (Iyko Day, PhD, Professor and Chair of English, and Interim Chair of the Department of Critical Race and Political Economy at Mount Holyoke College. Ruin Porn and the Colonial Imaginary, 27 January 2021, PMLA, Theories and Methodologies, Vol. 136, No. 1, https://doi.org/10.1632/S0030812920000103)

Widespread fascination with easier to imagine the end of the world than the end of capitalism. Ruin porn is the new sublime always acquainted with the threat of death taps into the amoral that overwhelms the rational fear of death visual culture represses the economies of environmental violence experienced by racialized and colonized peoples origin stories fetishize newness while failing to engage the histories novelty of crises rather than being attentive to the historical continuity of dispossession and disaster caused by empire steam power not reducible to a universal human demand for energy made possible by the genocidal decimation abduction enslavement exploitation deflecting attention away from histories of imperial conquest “metabolic rift” in the social relation to nature redraw division between nature and society that obscures rather than clarifies their relation


Question: Ruin porn and colonial imaginary

Discourses fueled by memorialization redraw illusionary oppositions

Day 21 (Iyko Day, PhD, Professor and Chair of English, and Interim Chair of the Department of Critical Race and Political Economy at Mount Holyoke College. Ruin Porn and the Colonial Imaginary, 27 January 2021, PMLA, Theories and Methodologies, Vol. 136, No. 1, https://doi.org/10.1632/S0030812920000103)

Widespread fascination with easier to imagine the end of the world than the end of capitalism. Ruin porn is the new sublime always acquainted with the threat of death taps into the amoral that overwhelms the rational fear of death visual culture represses the economies of environmental violence experienced by racialized and colonized peoples origin stories fetishize newness while failing to engage the histories novelty of crises rather than being attentive to the historical continuity of dispossession and disaster caused by empire steam power not reducible to a universal human demand for energy made possible by the genocidal decimation abduction enslavement exploitation deflecting attention away from histories of imperial conquest “metabolic rift” in the social relation to nature redraw division between nature and society that obscures rather than clarifies their relation


Question: end of world capitalism

Discourses fueled by memorialization redraw illusionary oppositions

Day 21 (Iyko Day, PhD, Professor and Chair of English, and Interim Chair of the Department of Critical Race and Political Economy at Mount Holyoke College. Ruin Porn and the Colonial Imaginary, 27 January 2021, PMLA, Theories and Methodologies, Vol. 136, No. 1, https://doi.org/10.1632/S0030812920000103)

Widespread fascination with easier to imagine the end of the world than the end of capitalism. Ruin porn is the new sublime always acquainted with the threat of death taps into the amoral that overwhelms the rational fear of death visual culture represses the economies of environmental violence experienced by racialized and colonized peoples origin stories fetishize newness while failing to engage the histories novelty of crises rather than being attentive to the historical continuity of dispossession and disaster caused by empire steam power not reducible to a universal human demand for energy made possible by the genocidal decimation abduction enslavement exploitation deflecting attention away from histories of imperial conquest “metabolic rift” in the social relation to nature redraw division between nature and society that obscures rather than clarifies their relation


Question: economies of environmental violence

Discourses fueled by memorialization redraw illusionary oppositions

Day 21 (Iyko Day, PhD, Professor and Chair of English, and Interim Chair of the Department of Critical Race and Political Economy at Mount Holyoke College. Ruin Porn and the Colonial Imaginary, 27 January 2021, PMLA, Theories and Methodologies, Vol. 136, No. 1, https://doi.org/10.1632/S0030812920000103)

Widespread fascination with easier to imagine the end of the world than the end of capitalism. Ruin porn is the new sublime always acquainted with the threat of death taps into the amoral that overwhelms the rational fear of death visual culture represses the economies of environmental violence experienced by racialized and colonized peoples origin stories fetishize newness while failing to engage the histories novelty of crises rather than being attentive to the historical continuity of dispossession and disaster caused by empire steam power not reducible to a universal human demand for energy made possible by the genocidal decimation abduction enslavement exploitation deflecting attention away from histories of imperial conquest “metabolic rift” in the social relation to nature redraw division between nature and society that obscures rather than clarifies their relation


Question: Ruin porn new sublime

Discourses fueled by memorialization redraw illusionary oppositions

Day 21 (Iyko Day, PhD, Professor and Chair of English, and Interim Chair of the Department of Critical Race and Political Economy at Mount Holyoke College. Ruin Porn and the Colonial Imaginary, 27 January 2021, PMLA, Theories and Methodologies, Vol. 136, No. 1, https://doi.org/10.1632/S0030812920000103)

Widespread fascination with easier to imagine the end of the world than the end of capitalism. Ruin porn is the new sublime always acquainted with the threat of death taps into the amoral that overwhelms the rational fear of death visual culture represses the economies of environmental violence experienced by racialized and colonized peoples origin stories fetishize newness while failing to engage the histories novelty of crises rather than being attentive to the historical continuity of dispossession and disaster caused by empire steam power not reducible to a universal human demand for energy made possible by the genocidal decimation abduction enslavement exploitation deflecting attention away from histories of imperial conquest “metabolic rift” in the social relation to nature redraw division between nature and society that obscures rather than clarifies their relation


Question: metabolic rift nature society

Discourses fueled by memorialization redraw illusionary oppositions

Day 21 (Iyko Day, PhD, Professor and Chair of English, and Interim Chair of the Department of Critical Race and Political Economy at Mount Holyoke College. Ruin Porn and the Colonial Imaginary, 27 January 2021, PMLA, Theories and Methodologies, Vol. 136, No. 1, https://doi.org/10.1632/S0030812920000103)

Widespread fascination with easier to imagine the end of the world than the end of capitalism. Ruin porn is the new sublime always acquainted with the threat of death taps into the amoral that overwhelms the rational fear of death visual culture represses the economies of environmental violence experienced by racialized and colonized peoples origin stories fetishize newness while failing to engage the histories novelty of crises rather than being attentive to the historical continuity of dispossession and disaster caused by empire steam power not reducible to a universal human demand for energy made possible by the genocidal decimation abduction enslavement exploitation deflecting attention away from histories of imperial conquest “metabolic rift” in the social relation to nature redraw division between nature and society that obscures rather than clarifies their relation


Question: Cap sustainable

Cap sustainable---profit motive drives tech innovation and makes resources infinite---only way to solve environmental collapse and extinction.

McAfee 19—cofounder and codirector of the MIT Initiative on the Digital Economy at the MIT Sloan School of Management, former professor at Harvard Business School and fellow at Harvard’s Berkman Center for Internet and Society (Andrew, “Looking Ahead: The World Cleanses Itself This Way,” More from Less: The Surprising Story of How We Learned to Prosper Using Fewer Resources—and What Happens Next, Chapter 14, pg 278-292, Kindle, dml)

As poor countries get richer institutions improve a i accurately forecast the " climate 3-D printing generates no waste machine learning determine substances to reduce emissions more efficient energy and shift away Digital tools increase efficiency  champions of dematerialization joined by nuclear fusion climate causing extinction due of  non-linearity , cascading effects feedbacks , multiplicative factors and  tipping points abrupt ice sheet collapse cause rapid sea rise’ drying forests increases fires ocean s release methane producing  runaway even  modest warming expose population to heat stress’ making  extinction more likely more important to avoid by a trillion times .


Question: McAfee 19

Cap sustainable---profit motive drives tech innovation and makes resources infinite---only way to solve environmental collapse and extinction.

McAfee 19—cofounder and codirector of the MIT Initiative on the Digital Economy at the MIT Sloan School of Management, former professor at Harvard Business School and fellow at Harvard’s Berkman Center for Internet and Society (Andrew, “Looking Ahead: The World Cleanses Itself This Way,” More from Less: The Surprising Story of How We Learned to Prosper Using Fewer Resources—and What Happens Next, Chapter 14, pg 278-292, Kindle, dml)

As poor countries get richer institutions improve a i accurately forecast the " climate 3-D printing generates no waste machine learning determine substances to reduce emissions more efficient energy and shift away Digital tools increase efficiency  champions of dematerialization joined by nuclear fusion climate causing extinction due of  non-linearity , cascading effects feedbacks , multiplicative factors and  tipping points abrupt ice sheet collapse cause rapid sea rise’ drying forests increases fires ocean s release methane producing  runaway even  modest warming expose population to heat stress’ making  extinction more likely more important to avoid by a trillion times .


Question: Andrew McAfee

Cap sustainable---profit motive drives tech innovation and makes resources infinite---only way to solve environmental collapse and extinction.

McAfee 19—cofounder and codirector of the MIT Initiative on the Digital Economy at the MIT Sloan School of Management, former professor at Harvard Business School and fellow at Harvard’s Berkman Center for Internet and Society (Andrew, “Looking Ahead: The World Cleanses Itself This Way,” More from Less: The Surprising Story of How We Learned to Prosper Using Fewer Resources—and What Happens Next, Chapter 14, pg 278-292, Kindle, dml)

As poor countries get richer institutions improve a i accurately forecast the " climate 3-D printing generates no waste machine learning determine substances to reduce emissions more efficient energy and shift away Digital tools increase efficiency  champions of dematerialization joined by nuclear fusion climate causing extinction due of  non-linearity , cascading effects feedbacks , multiplicative factors and  tipping points abrupt ice sheet collapse cause rapid sea rise’ drying forests increases fires ocean s release methane producing  runaway even  modest warming expose population to heat stress’ making  extinction more likely more important to avoid by a trillion times .


Question: profit motive drives tech innovation

Cap sustainable---profit motive drives tech innovation and makes resources infinite---only way to solve environmental collapse and extinction.

McAfee 19—cofounder and codirector of the MIT Initiative on the Digital Economy at the MIT Sloan School of Management, former professor at Harvard Business School and fellow at Harvard’s Berkman Center for Internet and Society (Andrew, “Looking Ahead: The World Cleanses Itself This Way,” More from Less: The Surprising Story of How We Learned to Prosper Using Fewer Resources—and What Happens Next, Chapter 14, pg 278-292, Kindle, dml)

As poor countries get richer institutions improve a i accurately forecast the " climate 3-D printing generates no waste machine learning determine substances to reduce emissions more efficient energy and shift away Digital tools increase efficiency  champions of dematerialization joined by nuclear fusion climate causing extinction due of  non-linearity , cascading effects feedbacks , multiplicative factors and  tipping points abrupt ice sheet collapse cause rapid sea rise’ drying forests increases fires ocean s release methane producing  runaway even  modest warming expose population to heat stress’ making  extinction more likely more important to avoid by a trillion times .


Question: capitalism solves environmental collapse

Cap sustainable---profit motive drives tech innovation and makes resources infinite---only way to solve environmental collapse and extinction.

McAfee 19—cofounder and codirector of the MIT Initiative on the Digital Economy at the MIT Sloan School of Management, former professor at Harvard Business School and fellow at Harvard’s Berkman Center for Internet and Society (Andrew, “Looking Ahead: The World Cleanses Itself This Way,” More from Less: The Surprising Story of How We Learned to Prosper Using Fewer Resources—and What Happens Next, Chapter 14, pg 278-292, Kindle, dml)

As poor countries get richer institutions improve a i accurately forecast the " climate 3-D printing generates no waste machine learning determine substances to reduce emissions more efficient energy and shift away Digital tools increase efficiency  champions of dematerialization joined by nuclear fusion climate causing extinction due of  non-linearity , cascading effects feedbacks , multiplicative factors and  tipping points abrupt ice sheet collapse cause rapid sea rise’ drying forests increases fires ocean s release methane producing  runaway even  modest warming expose population to heat stress’ making  extinction more likely more important to avoid by a trillion times .


Question: digital tools increase efficiency

Cap sustainable---profit motive drives tech innovation and makes resources infinite---only way to solve environmental collapse and extinction.

McAfee 19—cofounder and codirector of the MIT Initiative on the Digital Economy at the MIT Sloan School of Management, former professor at Harvard Business School and fellow at Harvard’s Berkman Center for Internet and Society (Andrew, “Looking Ahead: The World Cleanses Itself This Way,” More from Less: The Surprising Story of How We Learned to Prosper Using Fewer Resources—and What Happens Next, Chapter 14, pg 278-292, Kindle, dml)

As poor countries get richer institutions improve a i accurately forecast the " climate 3-D printing generates no waste machine learning determine substances to reduce emissions more efficient energy and shift away Digital tools increase efficiency  champions of dematerialization joined by nuclear fusion climate causing extinction due of  non-linearity , cascading effects feedbacks , multiplicative factors and  tipping points abrupt ice sheet collapse cause rapid sea rise’ drying forests increases fires ocean s release methane producing  runaway even  modest warming expose population to heat stress’ making  extinction more likely more important to avoid by a trillion times .


Question: climate extinction likely

Cap sustainable---profit motive drives tech innovation and makes resources infinite---only way to solve environmental collapse and extinction.

McAfee 19—cofounder and codirector of the MIT Initiative on the Digital Economy at the MIT Sloan School of Management, former professor at Harvard Business School and fellow at Harvard’s Berkman Center for Internet and Society (Andrew, “Looking Ahead: The World Cleanses Itself This Way,” More from Less: The Surprising Story of How We Learned to Prosper Using Fewer Resources—and What Happens Next, Chapter 14, pg 278-292, Kindle, dml)

As poor countries get richer institutions improve a i accurately forecast the " climate 3-D printing generates no waste machine learning determine substances to reduce emissions more efficient energy and shift away Digital tools increase efficiency  champions of dematerialization joined by nuclear fusion climate causing extinction due of  non-linearity , cascading effects feedbacks , multiplicative factors and  tipping points abrupt ice sheet collapse cause rapid sea rise’ drying forests increases fires ocean s release methane producing  runaway even  modest warming expose population to heat stress’ making  extinction more likely more important to avoid by a trillion times .


Question: institutions improve as countries get richer

Cap sustainable---profit motive drives tech innovation and makes resources infinite---only way to solve environmental collapse and extinction.

McAfee 19—cofounder and codirector of the MIT Initiative on the Digital Economy at the MIT Sloan School of Management, former professor at Harvard Business School and fellow at Harvard’s Berkman Center for Internet and Society (Andrew, “Looking Ahead: The World Cleanses Itself This Way,” More from Less: The Surprising Story of How We Learned to Prosper Using Fewer Resources—and What Happens Next, Chapter 14, pg 278-292, Kindle, dml)

As poor countries get richer institutions improve a i accurately forecast the " climate 3-D printing generates no waste machine learning determine substances to reduce emissions more efficient energy and shift away Digital tools increase efficiency  champions of dematerialization joined by nuclear fusion climate causing extinction due of  non-linearity , cascading effects feedbacks , multiplicative factors and  tipping points abrupt ice sheet collapse cause rapid sea rise’ drying forests increases fires ocean s release methane producing  runaway even  modest warming expose population to heat stress’ making  extinction more likely more important to avoid by a trillion times .


Question: Zeolite curbs methane emissions

A---Zeolite.

David L. Chandler 22, 1-10-2022, "A dirt-cheap solution? Common clay materials may help curb methane emissions", MIT News | Massachusetts Institute of Technology, https://news.mit.edu/2022/dirt-cheap-solution-common-clay-materials-may-help-curb-methane-emissions

MIT  has come up with a promising approach to controlling methane  emissions and removing it from the air, emitted methane comes from such sources as slash-and-burn agriculture coal and ore mining wetlands, and melting permafrost Treating zeolite with a small amount of copper , makes the material effective at absorbing methane from the air even at extremely low concentrations. we’re still surprised at how well it works saving about 16 percent of total radiative warming Adapting tech to specific sites should be relatively straightforward


Question: Chandler MIT News

A---Zeolite.

David L. Chandler 22, 1-10-2022, "A dirt-cheap solution? Common clay materials may help curb methane emissions", MIT News | Massachusetts Institute of Technology, https://news.mit.edu/2022/dirt-cheap-solution-common-clay-materials-may-help-curb-methane-emissions

MIT  has come up with a promising approach to controlling methane  emissions and removing it from the air, emitted methane comes from such sources as slash-and-burn agriculture coal and ore mining wetlands, and melting permafrost Treating zeolite with a small amount of copper , makes the material effective at absorbing methane from the air even at extremely low concentrations. we’re still surprised at how well it works saving about 16 percent of total radiative warming Adapting tech to specific sites should be relatively straightforward


Question: David Chandler methane emissions

A---Zeolite.

David L. Chandler 22, 1-10-2022, "A dirt-cheap solution? Common clay materials may help curb methane emissions", MIT News | Massachusetts Institute of Technology, https://news.mit.edu/2022/dirt-cheap-solution-common-clay-materials-may-help-curb-methane-emissions

MIT  has come up with a promising approach to controlling methane  emissions and removing it from the air, emitted methane comes from such sources as slash-and-burn agriculture coal and ore mining wetlands, and melting permafrost Treating zeolite with a small amount of copper , makes the material effective at absorbing methane from the air even at extremely low concentrations. we’re still surprised at how well it works saving about 16 percent of total radiative warming Adapting tech to specific sites should be relatively straightforward


Question: zeolite copper methane absorption

A---Zeolite.

David L. Chandler 22, 1-10-2022, "A dirt-cheap solution? Common clay materials may help curb methane emissions", MIT News | Massachusetts Institute of Technology, https://news.mit.edu/2022/dirt-cheap-solution-common-clay-materials-may-help-curb-methane-emissions

MIT  has come up with a promising approach to controlling methane  emissions and removing it from the air, emitted methane comes from such sources as slash-and-burn agriculture coal and ore mining wetlands, and melting permafrost Treating zeolite with a small amount of copper , makes the material effective at absorbing methane from the air even at extremely low concentrations. we’re still surprised at how well it works saving about 16 percent of total radiative warming Adapting tech to specific sites should be relatively straightforward


Question: zeolite copper methane emissions

A---Zeolite.

David L. Chandler 22, 1-10-2022, "A dirt-cheap solution? Common clay materials may help curb methane emissions", MIT News | Massachusetts Institute of Technology, https://news.mit.edu/2022/dirt-cheap-solution-common-clay-materials-may-help-curb-methane-emissions

MIT  has come up with a promising approach to controlling methane  emissions and removing it from the air, emitted methane comes from such sources as slash-and-burn agriculture coal and ore mining wetlands, and melting permafrost Treating zeolite with a small amount of copper , makes the material effective at absorbing methane from the air even at extremely low concentrations. we’re still surprised at how well it works saving about 16 percent of total radiative warming Adapting tech to specific sites should be relatively straightforward


Question: zeolite radiative warming

A---Zeolite.

David L. Chandler 22, 1-10-2022, "A dirt-cheap solution? Common clay materials may help curb methane emissions", MIT News | Massachusetts Institute of Technology, https://news.mit.edu/2022/dirt-cheap-solution-common-clay-materials-may-help-curb-methane-emissions

MIT  has come up with a promising approach to controlling methane  emissions and removing it from the air, emitted methane comes from such sources as slash-and-burn agriculture coal and ore mining wetlands, and melting permafrost Treating zeolite with a small amount of copper , makes the material effective at absorbing methane from the air even at extremely low concentrations. we’re still surprised at how well it works saving about 16 percent of total radiative warming Adapting tech to specific sites should be relatively straightforward


Question: zeolite methane agriculture

A---Zeolite.

David L. Chandler 22, 1-10-2022, "A dirt-cheap solution? Common clay materials may help curb methane emissions", MIT News | Massachusetts Institute of Technology, https://news.mit.edu/2022/dirt-cheap-solution-common-clay-materials-may-help-curb-methane-emissions

MIT  has come up with a promising approach to controlling methane  emissions and removing it from the air, emitted methane comes from such sources as slash-and-burn agriculture coal and ore mining wetlands, and melting permafrost Treating zeolite with a small amount of copper , makes the material effective at absorbing methane from the air even at extremely low concentrations. we’re still surprised at how well it works saving about 16 percent of total radiative warming Adapting tech to specific sites should be relatively straightforward


Question: Aidnik 22

The alternative is eco-socialism---that entails a set of restorative economic and ecological alterations that fundamentally reshapes the relationship between humanity and nature---utopic imaginations are key.

Aidnik 22 [Martin Aidnik, School of Sociology and Social Policy, University of Nottingham, Envisioning a Utopian Ecosocialism in the Darkness of the Covid-19 Pandemic. Capitalism Nature Socialism, 33(2), 44–59, 2022, https://doi.org/10.1080/10455752.2021.2016878, JKS]

ecosocialism  objectives include returning carbon to soil refo cleaning up freshwater restor life to seas restoration of desert stabilization of mountain slopes  restoration of phytoplankton disposal of nuc waste utopia catalyst for social change solidarity between workers important eco-socialist demands are rejection of debt and “structural adjustments on South global increase in welfare deployment of renewable s public transport neutral production redistribution of global surpluses. reduce speed and severity of climate Curb production of mining-based materials and energy end public financing of tech private s profit from demands constitute utopia radical but possible transformation contradiction between idealism and attainability is generative tension


Question: Eco-socialism restores humanity and nature

The alternative is eco-socialism---that entails a set of restorative economic and ecological alterations that fundamentally reshapes the relationship between humanity and nature---utopic imaginations are key.

Aidnik 22 [Martin Aidnik, School of Sociology and Social Policy, University of Nottingham, Envisioning a Utopian Ecosocialism in the Darkness of the Covid-19 Pandemic. Capitalism Nature Socialism, 33(2), 44–59, 2022, https://doi.org/10.1080/10455752.2021.2016878, JKS]

ecosocialism  objectives include returning carbon to soil refo cleaning up freshwater restor life to seas restoration of desert stabilization of mountain slopes  restoration of phytoplankton disposal of nuc waste utopia catalyst for social change solidarity between workers important eco-socialist demands are rejection of debt and “structural adjustments on South global increase in welfare deployment of renewable s public transport neutral production redistribution of global surpluses. reduce speed and severity of climate Curb production of mining-based materials and energy end public financing of tech private s profit from demands constitute utopia radical but possible transformation contradiction between idealism and attainability is generative tension


Question: utopic imaginations are key

The alternative is eco-socialism---that entails a set of restorative economic and ecological alterations that fundamentally reshapes the relationship between humanity and nature---utopic imaginations are key.

Aidnik 22 [Martin Aidnik, School of Sociology and Social Policy, University of Nottingham, Envisioning a Utopian Ecosocialism in the Darkness of the Covid-19 Pandemic. Capitalism Nature Socialism, 33(2), 44–59, 2022, https://doi.org/10.1080/10455752.2021.2016878, JKS]

ecosocialism  objectives include returning carbon to soil refo cleaning up freshwater restor life to seas restoration of desert stabilization of mountain slopes  restoration of phytoplankton disposal of nuc waste utopia catalyst for social change solidarity between workers important eco-socialist demands are rejection of debt and “structural adjustments on South global increase in welfare deployment of renewable s public transport neutral production redistribution of global surpluses. reduce speed and severity of climate Curb production of mining-based materials and energy end public financing of tech private s profit from demands constitute utopia radical but possible transformation contradiction between idealism and attainability is generative tension


Question: ecosocialism objectives

The alternative is eco-socialism---that entails a set of restorative economic and ecological alterations that fundamentally reshapes the relationship between humanity and nature---utopic imaginations are key.

Aidnik 22 [Martin Aidnik, School of Sociology and Social Policy, University of Nottingham, Envisioning a Utopian Ecosocialism in the Darkness of the Covid-19 Pandemic. Capitalism Nature Socialism, 33(2), 44–59, 2022, https://doi.org/10.1080/10455752.2021.2016878, JKS]

ecosocialism  objectives include returning carbon to soil refo cleaning up freshwater restor life to seas restoration of desert stabilization of mountain slopes  restoration of phytoplankton disposal of nuc waste utopia catalyst for social change solidarity between workers important eco-socialist demands are rejection of debt and “structural adjustments on South global increase in welfare deployment of renewable s public transport neutral production redistribution of global surpluses. reduce speed and severity of climate Curb production of mining-based materials and energy end public financing of tech private s profit from demands constitute utopia radical but possible transformation contradiction between idealism and attainability is generative tension


Question: restoration of desert

The alternative is eco-socialism---that entails a set of restorative economic and ecological alterations that fundamentally reshapes the relationship between humanity and nature---utopic imaginations are key.

Aidnik 22 [Martin Aidnik, School of Sociology and Social Policy, University of Nottingham, Envisioning a Utopian Ecosocialism in the Darkness of the Covid-19 Pandemic. Capitalism Nature Socialism, 33(2), 44–59, 2022, https://doi.org/10.1080/10455752.2021.2016878, JKS]

ecosocialism  objectives include returning carbon to soil refo cleaning up freshwater restor life to seas restoration of desert stabilization of mountain slopes  restoration of phytoplankton disposal of nuc waste utopia catalyst for social change solidarity between workers important eco-socialist demands are rejection of debt and “structural adjustments on South global increase in welfare deployment of renewable s public transport neutral production redistribution of global surpluses. reduce speed and severity of climate Curb production of mining-based materials and energy end public financing of tech private s profit from demands constitute utopia radical but possible transformation contradiction between idealism and attainability is generative tension


Question: rejection of debt

The alternative is eco-socialism---that entails a set of restorative economic and ecological alterations that fundamentally reshapes the relationship between humanity and nature---utopic imaginations are key.

Aidnik 22 [Martin Aidnik, School of Sociology and Social Policy, University of Nottingham, Envisioning a Utopian Ecosocialism in the Darkness of the Covid-19 Pandemic. Capitalism Nature Socialism, 33(2), 44–59, 2022, https://doi.org/10.1080/10455752.2021.2016878, JKS]

ecosocialism  objectives include returning carbon to soil refo cleaning up freshwater restor life to seas restoration of desert stabilization of mountain slopes  restoration of phytoplankton disposal of nuc waste utopia catalyst for social change solidarity between workers important eco-socialist demands are rejection of debt and “structural adjustments on South global increase in welfare deployment of renewable s public transport neutral production redistribution of global surpluses. reduce speed and severity of climate Curb production of mining-based materials and energy end public financing of tech private s profit from demands constitute utopia radical but possible transformation contradiction between idealism and attainability is generative tension


Question: increase in welfare

The alternative is eco-socialism---that entails a set of restorative economic and ecological alterations that fundamentally reshapes the relationship between humanity and nature---utopic imaginations are key.

Aidnik 22 [Martin Aidnik, School of Sociology and Social Policy, University of Nottingham, Envisioning a Utopian Ecosocialism in the Darkness of the Covid-19 Pandemic. Capitalism Nature Socialism, 33(2), 44–59, 2022, https://doi.org/10.1080/10455752.2021.2016878, JKS]

ecosocialism  objectives include returning carbon to soil refo cleaning up freshwater restor life to seas restoration of desert stabilization of mountain slopes  restoration of phytoplankton disposal of nuc waste utopia catalyst for social change solidarity between workers important eco-socialist demands are rejection of debt and “structural adjustments on South global increase in welfare deployment of renewable s public transport neutral production redistribution of global surpluses. reduce speed and severity of climate Curb production of mining-based materials and energy end public financing of tech private s profit from demands constitute utopia radical but possible transformation contradiction between idealism and attainability is generative tension


Question: public transport neutral production

The alternative is eco-socialism---that entails a set of restorative economic and ecological alterations that fundamentally reshapes the relationship between humanity and nature---utopic imaginations are key.

Aidnik 22 [Martin Aidnik, School of Sociology and Social Policy, University of Nottingham, Envisioning a Utopian Ecosocialism in the Darkness of the Covid-19 Pandemic. Capitalism Nature Socialism, 33(2), 44–59, 2022, https://doi.org/10.1080/10455752.2021.2016878, JKS]

ecosocialism  objectives include returning carbon to soil refo cleaning up freshwater restor life to seas restoration of desert stabilization of mountain slopes  restoration of phytoplankton disposal of nuc waste utopia catalyst for social change solidarity between workers important eco-socialist demands are rejection of debt and “structural adjustments on South global increase in welfare deployment of renewable s public transport neutral production redistribution of global surpluses. reduce speed and severity of climate Curb production of mining-based materials and energy end public financing of tech private s profit from demands constitute utopia radical but possible transformation contradiction between idealism and attainability is generative tension


Question: Reducing consumption fails

Reducing consumption fails – degrowth is locked in

Hubert Buch-Hansen ‘18, Professor of business at Copenhagen School of Business, “The Prerequisites for a Degrowth Paradigm Shift: Insights from Critical Political Economy,” Ecological Economics, Vol. 146

degrowth is nowhere near enjoying the support it needs The number of organisations that have embraced degrowth is modest are united in belief growth is desirable political elites vehemently oppose implementation international organisations are “ programmed” to facilitate accumulation advocates of degrowth are grassroots, small fractions of left-wing parties academics degrowth has only modest resources advocates do not possess instruments that enable decision-makers degrowth remains unknown to most most would not find a smaller economic system appealing degrowth triggers negative feelings in people when they hear it . Even if the majority wanted a break with the current system, it is far from given that degrowth is what they would demand wars keep happening governments gain politically from war, even if the war makes no sense Ukraine may lie in the Russian economy growth has been sputtering — and Putin needed a distraction . Similar arguments have been made about Falkland in 1982 nations almost always rally around their leaders  no matter how foolish the war the “war on terror” took Bush’s approval to dizzying heights Putin’s ratings have soared since Ukraine Even under a full-out attack against its basic assumptions unleashed in the financial crisis , neoliberalism proved resilient beyond its architects’ wildest dreams.  Its capacity to absorb, coopt and recast guarantee its survival socialist government of Zapatero tried to salvage the social-democratic legacies disaster of the cajas intensified In Romania, local policymakers further radicalized despite challenges, neoliberalism is alive and kicking as tech accrue humans learn humans manipulate the environment around them gains’ in politics are easily undone progress is a myth. no examples of humans showing intelligence or will to voluntarily restructure societies in the measure required for degrowth , let alone at the speed to avert ecological collapse no democratic state survive without growth over medium and long terms result is popular blowba mistake to think degrowth is feasible because it is desirable ev suggests it is unfeasible degrowth reflects pseudo-religious faith in humans' willingness and ability to convert ecological worldview to adjust institutions economic crises led to environmental consequences degrowth offers no guarantee that enviro impacts will decline Less affluent economies use less tech substantially increase resource demands would entirely offset benefits of lower levels of consumption Growing demand raised resource productivity Reversing will not result in lower enviro impacts Lowering demand for resources result in less-productive resource use drive societies toward less-productive tech The end of growth do more harm to the planet than good During times of rapid social transitions , social norms lag creating , social conflict, negative impacts on wellbeing changing social structures establish misalignments wide-ranging organisational change negative effects on people’s health and mortality wellbeing highest in periods of economic stability potential for social conflict inherent in social change transition phase marked by chaos power-ridden struggles underm conditions necessary for satisfaction of basic needs very difficult to imagine a change people value intrinsically motivated activities over consumption political events indicate times of negative or stagnant growth breeding ground for populist movements habitus produces common-sense reinforced day-to-day growth imperative serving as pensée unique appears to provide solutions  for all issues social genesis is invisible , and  appears natural those receiving an  “acceptance of domination” during crisis opt for authoritarian defense historically replacing  democratic rule by  authoritarian use of force rightwing movements provide a solution using  military power , closing borders , and leaving victims of  climate change


Question: degrowth is locked in

Reducing consumption fails – degrowth is locked in

Hubert Buch-Hansen ‘18, Professor of business at Copenhagen School of Business, “The Prerequisites for a Degrowth Paradigm Shift: Insights from Critical Political Economy,” Ecological Economics, Vol. 146

degrowth is nowhere near enjoying the support it needs The number of organisations that have embraced degrowth is modest are united in belief growth is desirable political elites vehemently oppose implementation international organisations are “ programmed” to facilitate accumulation advocates of degrowth are grassroots, small fractions of left-wing parties academics degrowth has only modest resources advocates do not possess instruments that enable decision-makers degrowth remains unknown to most most would not find a smaller economic system appealing degrowth triggers negative feelings in people when they hear it . Even if the majority wanted a break with the current system, it is far from given that degrowth is what they would demand wars keep happening governments gain politically from war, even if the war makes no sense Ukraine may lie in the Russian economy growth has been sputtering — and Putin needed a distraction . Similar arguments have been made about Falkland in 1982 nations almost always rally around their leaders  no matter how foolish the war the “war on terror” took Bush’s approval to dizzying heights Putin’s ratings have soared since Ukraine Even under a full-out attack against its basic assumptions unleashed in the financial crisis , neoliberalism proved resilient beyond its architects’ wildest dreams.  Its capacity to absorb, coopt and recast guarantee its survival socialist government of Zapatero tried to salvage the social-democratic legacies disaster of the cajas intensified In Romania, local policymakers further radicalized despite challenges, neoliberalism is alive and kicking as tech accrue humans learn humans manipulate the environment around them gains’ in politics are easily undone progress is a myth. no examples of humans showing intelligence or will to voluntarily restructure societies in the measure required for degrowth , let alone at the speed to avert ecological collapse no democratic state survive without growth over medium and long terms result is popular blowba mistake to think degrowth is feasible because it is desirable ev suggests it is unfeasible degrowth reflects pseudo-religious faith in humans' willingness and ability to convert ecological worldview to adjust institutions economic crises led to environmental consequences degrowth offers no guarantee that enviro impacts will decline Less affluent economies use less tech substantially increase resource demands would entirely offset benefits of lower levels of consumption Growing demand raised resource productivity Reversing will not result in lower enviro impacts Lowering demand for resources result in less-productive resource use drive societies toward less-productive tech The end of growth do more harm to the planet than good During times of rapid social transitions , social norms lag creating , social conflict, negative impacts on wellbeing changing social structures establish misalignments wide-ranging organisational change negative effects on people’s health and mortality wellbeing highest in periods of economic stability potential for social conflict inherent in social change transition phase marked by chaos power-ridden struggles underm conditions necessary for satisfaction of basic needs very difficult to imagine a change people value intrinsically motivated activities over consumption political events indicate times of negative or stagnant growth breeding ground for populist movements habitus produces common-sense reinforced day-to-day growth imperative serving as pensée unique appears to provide solutions  for all issues social genesis is invisible , and  appears natural those receiving an  “acceptance of domination” during crisis opt for authoritarian defense historically replacing  democratic rule by  authoritarian use of force rightwing movements provide a solution using  military power , closing borders , and leaving victims of  climate change


Question: Hubert Buch-Hansen

Reducing consumption fails – degrowth is locked in

Hubert Buch-Hansen ‘18, Professor of business at Copenhagen School of Business, “The Prerequisites for a Degrowth Paradigm Shift: Insights from Critical Political Economy,” Ecological Economics, Vol. 146

degrowth is nowhere near enjoying the support it needs The number of organisations that have embraced degrowth is modest are united in belief growth is desirable political elites vehemently oppose implementation international organisations are “ programmed” to facilitate accumulation advocates of degrowth are grassroots, small fractions of left-wing parties academics degrowth has only modest resources advocates do not possess instruments that enable decision-makers degrowth remains unknown to most most would not find a smaller economic system appealing degrowth triggers negative feelings in people when they hear it . Even if the majority wanted a break with the current system, it is far from given that degrowth is what they would demand wars keep happening governments gain politically from war, even if the war makes no sense Ukraine may lie in the Russian economy growth has been sputtering — and Putin needed a distraction . Similar arguments have been made about Falkland in 1982 nations almost always rally around their leaders  no matter how foolish the war the “war on terror” took Bush’s approval to dizzying heights Putin’s ratings have soared since Ukraine Even under a full-out attack against its basic assumptions unleashed in the financial crisis , neoliberalism proved resilient beyond its architects’ wildest dreams.  Its capacity to absorb, coopt and recast guarantee its survival socialist government of Zapatero tried to salvage the social-democratic legacies disaster of the cajas intensified In Romania, local policymakers further radicalized despite challenges, neoliberalism is alive and kicking as tech accrue humans learn humans manipulate the environment around them gains’ in politics are easily undone progress is a myth. no examples of humans showing intelligence or will to voluntarily restructure societies in the measure required for degrowth , let alone at the speed to avert ecological collapse no democratic state survive without growth over medium and long terms result is popular blowba mistake to think degrowth is feasible because it is desirable ev suggests it is unfeasible degrowth reflects pseudo-religious faith in humans' willingness and ability to convert ecological worldview to adjust institutions economic crises led to environmental consequences degrowth offers no guarantee that enviro impacts will decline Less affluent economies use less tech substantially increase resource demands would entirely offset benefits of lower levels of consumption Growing demand raised resource productivity Reversing will not result in lower enviro impacts Lowering demand for resources result in less-productive resource use drive societies toward less-productive tech The end of growth do more harm to the planet than good During times of rapid social transitions , social norms lag creating , social conflict, negative impacts on wellbeing changing social structures establish misalignments wide-ranging organisational change negative effects on people’s health and mortality wellbeing highest in periods of economic stability potential for social conflict inherent in social change transition phase marked by chaos power-ridden struggles underm conditions necessary for satisfaction of basic needs very difficult to imagine a change people value intrinsically motivated activities over consumption political events indicate times of negative or stagnant growth breeding ground for populist movements habitus produces common-sense reinforced day-to-day growth imperative serving as pensée unique appears to provide solutions  for all issues social genesis is invisible , and  appears natural those receiving an  “acceptance of domination” during crisis opt for authoritarian defense historically replacing  democratic rule by  authoritarian use of force rightwing movements provide a solution using  military power , closing borders , and leaving victims of  climate change


Question: Buch-Hansen degrowth bad

Reducing consumption fails – degrowth is locked in

Hubert Buch-Hansen ‘18, Professor of business at Copenhagen School of Business, “The Prerequisites for a Degrowth Paradigm Shift: Insights from Critical Political Economy,” Ecological Economics, Vol. 146

degrowth is nowhere near enjoying the support it needs The number of organisations that have embraced degrowth is modest are united in belief growth is desirable political elites vehemently oppose implementation international organisations are “ programmed” to facilitate accumulation advocates of degrowth are grassroots, small fractions of left-wing parties academics degrowth has only modest resources advocates do not possess instruments that enable decision-makers degrowth remains unknown to most most would not find a smaller economic system appealing degrowth triggers negative feelings in people when they hear it . Even if the majority wanted a break with the current system, it is far from given that degrowth is what they would demand wars keep happening governments gain politically from war, even if the war makes no sense Ukraine may lie in the Russian economy growth has been sputtering — and Putin needed a distraction . Similar arguments have been made about Falkland in 1982 nations almost always rally around their leaders  no matter how foolish the war the “war on terror” took Bush’s approval to dizzying heights Putin’s ratings have soared since Ukraine Even under a full-out attack against its basic assumptions unleashed in the financial crisis , neoliberalism proved resilient beyond its architects’ wildest dreams.  Its capacity to absorb, coopt and recast guarantee its survival socialist government of Zapatero tried to salvage the social-democratic legacies disaster of the cajas intensified In Romania, local policymakers further radicalized despite challenges, neoliberalism is alive and kicking as tech accrue humans learn humans manipulate the environment around them gains’ in politics are easily undone progress is a myth. no examples of humans showing intelligence or will to voluntarily restructure societies in the measure required for degrowth , let alone at the speed to avert ecological collapse no democratic state survive without growth over medium and long terms result is popular blowba mistake to think degrowth is feasible because it is desirable ev suggests it is unfeasible degrowth reflects pseudo-religious faith in humans' willingness and ability to convert ecological worldview to adjust institutions economic crises led to environmental consequences degrowth offers no guarantee that enviro impacts will decline Less affluent economies use less tech substantially increase resource demands would entirely offset benefits of lower levels of consumption Growing demand raised resource productivity Reversing will not result in lower enviro impacts Lowering demand for resources result in less-productive resource use drive societies toward less-productive tech The end of growth do more harm to the planet than good During times of rapid social transitions , social norms lag creating , social conflict, negative impacts on wellbeing changing social structures establish misalignments wide-ranging organisational change negative effects on people’s health and mortality wellbeing highest in periods of economic stability potential for social conflict inherent in social change transition phase marked by chaos power-ridden struggles underm conditions necessary for satisfaction of basic needs very difficult to imagine a change people value intrinsically motivated activities over consumption political events indicate times of negative or stagnant growth breeding ground for populist movements habitus produces common-sense reinforced day-to-day growth imperative serving as pensée unique appears to provide solutions  for all issues social genesis is invisible , and  appears natural those receiving an  “acceptance of domination” during crisis opt for authoritarian defense historically replacing  democratic rule by  authoritarian use of force rightwing movements provide a solution using  military power , closing borders , and leaving victims of  climate change