Question: energy security blackouts extinction

Their rendering of blackouts is shot through with the logic of energy security. The plan risks extinction by trading off with alternative transmission imaginaries that are more sustainable.

Özden-Schilling 24 – Canay Özden-Schilling is assistant professor in the Department of Sociology and Anthropology at the National University of Singapore. (“Staying with the blackout: an insecure anthropology of energy,” 25 Jun 2024, pg. 3-6)

Energy security literature problematizes social unevenness in the distribution of energy as well as social costs study can help tease out the paradox of growth-fuelled energy insecurities a new energy future will amount to no less than rethinking the entirety of global capitalism modernity are entangled with fossil fuel extraction and use Electricity dependence is one of the aspects of this sociotechnical assemblage Blackouts are moments of wholesale failure for the electricity assemblage they are failures of ways of communal living there is in the exercise of staying with the blackout an opportunity to see distribution in a new light an alternative to common kinds of response one of unqualified hope a belief in technofixes one of destructive despair the time to do anything has already passed and no meaningful action can be taken grid-scale batteries remain limited The rhetoric here is that technology can get our failing system back on its feet without requiring electricity consumers to sacrifice their ways of consumption remembrances of blackouts are too often mobilized to justify further expansion or unnecessary investment likely to amplify existing vulnerabilities renewable futures perpetuate ideals of excess and abundance digging deep into expert imaginaries there is an opportunity to rethink ours as ordinary people


Question: Ozden-Schilling 24

Their rendering of blackouts is shot through with the logic of energy security. The plan risks extinction by trading off with alternative transmission imaginaries that are more sustainable.

Özden-Schilling 24 – Canay Özden-Schilling is assistant professor in the Department of Sociology and Anthropology at the National University of Singapore. (“Staying with the blackout: an insecure anthropology of energy,” 25 Jun 2024, pg. 3-6)

Energy security literature problematizes social unevenness in the distribution of energy as well as social costs study can help tease out the paradox of growth-fuelled energy insecurities a new energy future will amount to no less than rethinking the entirety of global capitalism modernity are entangled with fossil fuel extraction and use Electricity dependence is one of the aspects of this sociotechnical assemblage Blackouts are moments of wholesale failure for the electricity assemblage they are failures of ways of communal living there is in the exercise of staying with the blackout an opportunity to see distribution in a new light an alternative to common kinds of response one of unqualified hope a belief in technofixes one of destructive despair the time to do anything has already passed and no meaningful action can be taken grid-scale batteries remain limited The rhetoric here is that technology can get our failing system back on its feet without requiring electricity consumers to sacrifice their ways of consumption remembrances of blackouts are too often mobilized to justify further expansion or unnecessary investment likely to amplify existing vulnerabilities renewable futures perpetuate ideals of excess and abundance digging deep into expert imaginaries there is an opportunity to rethink ours as ordinary people


Question: Canay Özden-Schilling blackout

Their rendering of blackouts is shot through with the logic of energy security. The plan risks extinction by trading off with alternative transmission imaginaries that are more sustainable.

Özden-Schilling 24 – Canay Özden-Schilling is assistant professor in the Department of Sociology and Anthropology at the National University of Singapore. (“Staying with the blackout: an insecure anthropology of energy,” 25 Jun 2024, pg. 3-6)

Energy security literature problematizes social unevenness in the distribution of energy as well as social costs study can help tease out the paradox of growth-fuelled energy insecurities a new energy future will amount to no less than rethinking the entirety of global capitalism modernity are entangled with fossil fuel extraction and use Electricity dependence is one of the aspects of this sociotechnical assemblage Blackouts are moments of wholesale failure for the electricity assemblage they are failures of ways of communal living there is in the exercise of staying with the blackout an opportunity to see distribution in a new light an alternative to common kinds of response one of unqualified hope a belief in technofixes one of destructive despair the time to do anything has already passed and no meaningful action can be taken grid-scale batteries remain limited The rhetoric here is that technology can get our failing system back on its feet without requiring electricity consumers to sacrifice their ways of consumption remembrances of blackouts are too often mobilized to justify further expansion or unnecessary investment likely to amplify existing vulnerabilities renewable futures perpetuate ideals of excess and abundance digging deep into expert imaginaries there is an opportunity to rethink ours as ordinary people


Question: blackouts and energy security

Their rendering of blackouts is shot through with the logic of energy security. The plan risks extinction by trading off with alternative transmission imaginaries that are more sustainable.

Özden-Schilling 24 – Canay Özden-Schilling is assistant professor in the Department of Sociology and Anthropology at the National University of Singapore. (“Staying with the blackout: an insecure anthropology of energy,” 25 Jun 2024, pg. 3-6)

Energy security literature problematizes social unevenness in the distribution of energy as well as social costs study can help tease out the paradox of growth-fuelled energy insecurities a new energy future will amount to no less than rethinking the entirety of global capitalism modernity are entangled with fossil fuel extraction and use Electricity dependence is one of the aspects of this sociotechnical assemblage Blackouts are moments of wholesale failure for the electricity assemblage they are failures of ways of communal living there is in the exercise of staying with the blackout an opportunity to see distribution in a new light an alternative to common kinds of response one of unqualified hope a belief in technofixes one of destructive despair the time to do anything has already passed and no meaningful action can be taken grid-scale batteries remain limited The rhetoric here is that technology can get our failing system back on its feet without requiring electricity consumers to sacrifice their ways of consumption remembrances of blackouts are too often mobilized to justify further expansion or unnecessary investment likely to amplify existing vulnerabilities renewable futures perpetuate ideals of excess and abundance digging deep into expert imaginaries there is an opportunity to rethink ours as ordinary people


Question: blackouts logic energy security

Their rendering of blackouts is shot through with the logic of energy security. The plan risks extinction by trading off with alternative transmission imaginaries that are more sustainable.

Özden-Schilling 24 – Canay Özden-Schilling is assistant professor in the Department of Sociology and Anthropology at the National University of Singapore. (“Staying with the blackout: an insecure anthropology of energy,” 25 Jun 2024, pg. 3-6)

Energy security literature problematizes social unevenness in the distribution of energy as well as social costs study can help tease out the paradox of growth-fuelled energy insecurities a new energy future will amount to no less than rethinking the entirety of global capitalism modernity are entangled with fossil fuel extraction and use Electricity dependence is one of the aspects of this sociotechnical assemblage Blackouts are moments of wholesale failure for the electricity assemblage they are failures of ways of communal living there is in the exercise of staying with the blackout an opportunity to see distribution in a new light an alternative to common kinds of response one of unqualified hope a belief in technofixes one of destructive despair the time to do anything has already passed and no meaningful action can be taken grid-scale batteries remain limited The rhetoric here is that technology can get our failing system back on its feet without requiring electricity consumers to sacrifice their ways of consumption remembrances of blackouts are too often mobilized to justify further expansion or unnecessary investment likely to amplify existing vulnerabilities renewable futures perpetuate ideals of excess and abundance digging deep into expert imaginaries there is an opportunity to rethink ours as ordinary people


Question: alternative transmission imaginaries

Their rendering of blackouts is shot through with the logic of energy security. The plan risks extinction by trading off with alternative transmission imaginaries that are more sustainable.

Özden-Schilling 24 – Canay Özden-Schilling is assistant professor in the Department of Sociology and Anthropology at the National University of Singapore. (“Staying with the blackout: an insecure anthropology of energy,” 25 Jun 2024, pg. 3-6)

Energy security literature problematizes social unevenness in the distribution of energy as well as social costs study can help tease out the paradox of growth-fuelled energy insecurities a new energy future will amount to no less than rethinking the entirety of global capitalism modernity are entangled with fossil fuel extraction and use Electricity dependence is one of the aspects of this sociotechnical assemblage Blackouts are moments of wholesale failure for the electricity assemblage they are failures of ways of communal living there is in the exercise of staying with the blackout an opportunity to see distribution in a new light an alternative to common kinds of response one of unqualified hope a belief in technofixes one of destructive despair the time to do anything has already passed and no meaningful action can be taken grid-scale batteries remain limited The rhetoric here is that technology can get our failing system back on its feet without requiring electricity consumers to sacrifice their ways of consumption remembrances of blackouts are too often mobilized to justify further expansion or unnecessary investment likely to amplify existing vulnerabilities renewable futures perpetuate ideals of excess and abundance digging deep into expert imaginaries there is an opportunity to rethink ours as ordinary people


Question: electricity dependence

Their rendering of blackouts is shot through with the logic of energy security. The plan risks extinction by trading off with alternative transmission imaginaries that are more sustainable.

Özden-Schilling 24 – Canay Özden-Schilling is assistant professor in the Department of Sociology and Anthropology at the National University of Singapore. (“Staying with the blackout: an insecure anthropology of energy,” 25 Jun 2024, pg. 3-6)

Energy security literature problematizes social unevenness in the distribution of energy as well as social costs study can help tease out the paradox of growth-fuelled energy insecurities a new energy future will amount to no less than rethinking the entirety of global capitalism modernity are entangled with fossil fuel extraction and use Electricity dependence is one of the aspects of this sociotechnical assemblage Blackouts are moments of wholesale failure for the electricity assemblage they are failures of ways of communal living there is in the exercise of staying with the blackout an opportunity to see distribution in a new light an alternative to common kinds of response one of unqualified hope a belief in technofixes one of destructive despair the time to do anything has already passed and no meaningful action can be taken grid-scale batteries remain limited The rhetoric here is that technology can get our failing system back on its feet without requiring electricity consumers to sacrifice their ways of consumption remembrances of blackouts are too often mobilized to justify further expansion or unnecessary investment likely to amplify existing vulnerabilities renewable futures perpetuate ideals of excess and abundance digging deep into expert imaginaries there is an opportunity to rethink ours as ordinary people


Question: energy insecurities and capitalism

Their rendering of blackouts is shot through with the logic of energy security. The plan risks extinction by trading off with alternative transmission imaginaries that are more sustainable.

Özden-Schilling 24 – Canay Özden-Schilling is assistant professor in the Department of Sociology and Anthropology at the National University of Singapore. (“Staying with the blackout: an insecure anthropology of energy,” 25 Jun 2024, pg. 3-6)

Energy security literature problematizes social unevenness in the distribution of energy as well as social costs study can help tease out the paradox of growth-fuelled energy insecurities a new energy future will amount to no less than rethinking the entirety of global capitalism modernity are entangled with fossil fuel extraction and use Electricity dependence is one of the aspects of this sociotechnical assemblage Blackouts are moments of wholesale failure for the electricity assemblage they are failures of ways of communal living there is in the exercise of staying with the blackout an opportunity to see distribution in a new light an alternative to common kinds of response one of unqualified hope a belief in technofixes one of destructive despair the time to do anything has already passed and no meaningful action can be taken grid-scale batteries remain limited The rhetoric here is that technology can get our failing system back on its feet without requiring electricity consumers to sacrifice their ways of consumption remembrances of blackouts are too often mobilized to justify further expansion or unnecessary investment likely to amplify existing vulnerabilities renewable futures perpetuate ideals of excess and abundance digging deep into expert imaginaries there is an opportunity to rethink ours as ordinary people


Question: Taxes are most powerful tool

Taxes are the most powerful tool for large-scale change.

Marshall 22, Economics Research Coordinator for Citizens’ Climate Education (Jonathan Marshall, May 6, 2022, “How Carbon Taxes Reduce CO2 Emissions in Transportation,” https://static.prod01.ue1.p.pcomm.net/cclobby/content/resources/economics/Transportation-Paper-FINAL.pdf) [[Figures omitted]]

newer empirical studies report consumers are responsive to price changes caused by taxes making consumers sensitive to what they pay taxes raise costs over long term , unlike short-term hikes they ride out taxes are the most powerful instrument Had OECD had fuel prices like US consumption would be 30% higher during Ukraine E v sales soared as traditional cars slumped reg s and subsidies do nothing to emissions from existing vehicles. fail to stimulate demand


Question: Marshall 22

Taxes are the most powerful tool for large-scale change.

Marshall 22, Economics Research Coordinator for Citizens’ Climate Education (Jonathan Marshall, May 6, 2022, “How Carbon Taxes Reduce CO2 Emissions in Transportation,” https://static.prod01.ue1.p.pcomm.net/cclobby/content/resources/economics/Transportation-Paper-FINAL.pdf) [[Figures omitted]]

newer empirical studies report consumers are responsive to price changes caused by taxes making consumers sensitive to what they pay taxes raise costs over long term , unlike short-term hikes they ride out taxes are the most powerful instrument Had OECD had fuel prices like US consumption would be 30% higher during Ukraine E v sales soared as traditional cars slumped reg s and subsidies do nothing to emissions from existing vehicles. fail to stimulate demand


Question: carbon tax reduce CO2 emissions

Taxes are the most powerful tool for large-scale change.

Marshall 22, Economics Research Coordinator for Citizens’ Climate Education (Jonathan Marshall, May 6, 2022, “How Carbon Taxes Reduce CO2 Emissions in Transportation,” https://static.prod01.ue1.p.pcomm.net/cclobby/content/resources/economics/Transportation-Paper-FINAL.pdf) [[Figures omitted]]

newer empirical studies report consumers are responsive to price changes caused by taxes making consumers sensitive to what they pay taxes raise costs over long term , unlike short-term hikes they ride out taxes are the most powerful instrument Had OECD had fuel prices like US consumption would be 30% higher during Ukraine E v sales soared as traditional cars slumped reg s and subsidies do nothing to emissions from existing vehicles. fail to stimulate demand


Question: taxes raise costs over long term

Taxes are the most powerful tool for large-scale change.

Marshall 22, Economics Research Coordinator for Citizens’ Climate Education (Jonathan Marshall, May 6, 2022, “How Carbon Taxes Reduce CO2 Emissions in Transportation,” https://static.prod01.ue1.p.pcomm.net/cclobby/content/resources/economics/Transportation-Paper-FINAL.pdf) [[Figures omitted]]

newer empirical studies report consumers are responsive to price changes caused by taxes making consumers sensitive to what they pay taxes raise costs over long term , unlike short-term hikes they ride out taxes are the most powerful instrument Had OECD had fuel prices like US consumption would be 30% higher during Ukraine E v sales soared as traditional cars slumped reg s and subsidies do nothing to emissions from existing vehicles. fail to stimulate demand


Question: taxes most powerful instrument

Taxes are the most powerful tool for large-scale change.

Marshall 22, Economics Research Coordinator for Citizens’ Climate Education (Jonathan Marshall, May 6, 2022, “How Carbon Taxes Reduce CO2 Emissions in Transportation,” https://static.prod01.ue1.p.pcomm.net/cclobby/content/resources/economics/Transportation-Paper-FINAL.pdf) [[Figures omitted]]

newer empirical studies report consumers are responsive to price changes caused by taxes making consumers sensitive to what they pay taxes raise costs over long term , unlike short-term hikes they ride out taxes are the most powerful instrument Had OECD had fuel prices like US consumption would be 30% higher during Ukraine E v sales soared as traditional cars slumped reg s and subsidies do nothing to emissions from existing vehicles. fail to stimulate demand


Question: consumers are responsive to taxes

Taxes are the most powerful tool for large-scale change.

Marshall 22, Economics Research Coordinator for Citizens’ Climate Education (Jonathan Marshall, May 6, 2022, “How Carbon Taxes Reduce CO2 Emissions in Transportation,” https://static.prod01.ue1.p.pcomm.net/cclobby/content/resources/economics/Transportation-Paper-FINAL.pdf) [[Figures omitted]]

newer empirical studies report consumers are responsive to price changes caused by taxes making consumers sensitive to what they pay taxes raise costs over long term , unlike short-term hikes they ride out taxes are the most powerful instrument Had OECD had fuel prices like US consumption would be 30% higher during Ukraine E v sales soared as traditional cars slumped reg s and subsidies do nothing to emissions from existing vehicles. fail to stimulate demand


Question: fuel prices like US consumption

Taxes are the most powerful tool for large-scale change.

Marshall 22, Economics Research Coordinator for Citizens’ Climate Education (Jonathan Marshall, May 6, 2022, “How Carbon Taxes Reduce CO2 Emissions in Transportation,” https://static.prod01.ue1.p.pcomm.net/cclobby/content/resources/economics/Transportation-Paper-FINAL.pdf) [[Figures omitted]]

newer empirical studies report consumers are responsive to price changes caused by taxes making consumers sensitive to what they pay taxes raise costs over long term , unlike short-term hikes they ride out taxes are the most powerful instrument Had OECD had fuel prices like US consumption would be 30% higher during Ukraine E v sales soared as traditional cars slumped reg s and subsidies do nothing to emissions from existing vehicles. fail to stimulate demand


Question: taxes for large scale change

Taxes are the most powerful tool for large-scale change.

Marshall 22, Economics Research Coordinator for Citizens’ Climate Education (Jonathan Marshall, May 6, 2022, “How Carbon Taxes Reduce CO2 Emissions in Transportation,” https://static.prod01.ue1.p.pcomm.net/cclobby/content/resources/economics/Transportation-Paper-FINAL.pdf) [[Figures omitted]]

newer empirical studies report consumers are responsive to price changes caused by taxes making consumers sensitive to what they pay taxes raise costs over long term , unlike short-term hikes they ride out taxes are the most powerful instrument Had OECD had fuel prices like US consumption would be 30% higher during Ukraine E v sales soared as traditional cars slumped reg s and subsidies do nothing to emissions from existing vehicles. fail to stimulate demand


Question: US food collapse causes conflict

Collapse of US food causes global conflict eruption.

Thomas Benson 22 (is a Postdoctoral Research Associate at a major scientific research organization, and was previously an Environmental Defense Fund Climate Corps Fellow at the American Security Project in 2022. His research focuses on urban sustainability, local government, community engagement, environmental justice, and climate security. “Food Security and Conflict” 7/27/22 https://www.americansecurityproject.org/food-security-and-conflict/)//conway

food security potentially lead to increased competition and conflict over production and resources, like land and water. societies with weak institutions at greater risks from instability and conflict interconnectedness of the global food chain intensify global food (in)security and potential conflict and unrest multiplies U.S. has consistently played a pivotal role in scaling-up food climate change is likely to diminish progress through production disruptions local availability limitations and price increases food security will remain a key public policy area for many years to come.


Question: Thomas Benson 22

Collapse of US food causes global conflict eruption.

Thomas Benson 22 (is a Postdoctoral Research Associate at a major scientific research organization, and was previously an Environmental Defense Fund Climate Corps Fellow at the American Security Project in 2022. His research focuses on urban sustainability, local government, community engagement, environmental justice, and climate security. “Food Security and Conflict” 7/27/22 https://www.americansecurityproject.org/food-security-and-conflict/)//conway

food security potentially lead to increased competition and conflict over production and resources, like land and water. societies with weak institutions at greater risks from instability and conflict interconnectedness of the global food chain intensify global food (in)security and potential conflict and unrest multiplies U.S. has consistently played a pivotal role in scaling-up food climate change is likely to diminish progress through production disruptions local availability limitations and price increases food security will remain a key public policy area for many years to come.


Question: Food Security and Conflict

Collapse of US food causes global conflict eruption.

Thomas Benson 22 (is a Postdoctoral Research Associate at a major scientific research organization, and was previously an Environmental Defense Fund Climate Corps Fellow at the American Security Project in 2022. His research focuses on urban sustainability, local government, community engagement, environmental justice, and climate security. “Food Security and Conflict” 7/27/22 https://www.americansecurityproject.org/food-security-and-conflict/)//conway

food security potentially lead to increased competition and conflict over production and resources, like land and water. societies with weak institutions at greater risks from instability and conflict interconnectedness of the global food chain intensify global food (in)security and potential conflict and unrest multiplies U.S. has consistently played a pivotal role in scaling-up food climate change is likely to diminish progress through production disruptions local availability limitations and price increases food security will remain a key public policy area for many years to come.


Question: Global food chain conflict

Collapse of US food causes global conflict eruption.

Thomas Benson 22 (is a Postdoctoral Research Associate at a major scientific research organization, and was previously an Environmental Defense Fund Climate Corps Fellow at the American Security Project in 2022. His research focuses on urban sustainability, local government, community engagement, environmental justice, and climate security. “Food Security and Conflict” 7/27/22 https://www.americansecurityproject.org/food-security-and-conflict/)//conway

food security potentially lead to increased competition and conflict over production and resources, like land and water. societies with weak institutions at greater risks from instability and conflict interconnectedness of the global food chain intensify global food (in)security and potential conflict and unrest multiplies U.S. has consistently played a pivotal role in scaling-up food climate change is likely to diminish progress through production disruptions local availability limitations and price increases food security will remain a key public policy area for many years to come.


Question: US pivotal scaling food

Collapse of US food causes global conflict eruption.

Thomas Benson 22 (is a Postdoctoral Research Associate at a major scientific research organization, and was previously an Environmental Defense Fund Climate Corps Fellow at the American Security Project in 2022. His research focuses on urban sustainability, local government, community engagement, environmental justice, and climate security. “Food Security and Conflict” 7/27/22 https://www.americansecurityproject.org/food-security-and-conflict/)//conway

food security potentially lead to increased competition and conflict over production and resources, like land and water. societies with weak institutions at greater risks from instability and conflict interconnectedness of the global food chain intensify global food (in)security and potential conflict and unrest multiplies U.S. has consistently played a pivotal role in scaling-up food climate change is likely to diminish progress through production disruptions local availability limitations and price increases food security will remain a key public policy area for many years to come.


Question: climate change food production

Collapse of US food causes global conflict eruption.

Thomas Benson 22 (is a Postdoctoral Research Associate at a major scientific research organization, and was previously an Environmental Defense Fund Climate Corps Fellow at the American Security Project in 2022. His research focuses on urban sustainability, local government, community engagement, environmental justice, and climate security. “Food Security and Conflict” 7/27/22 https://www.americansecurityproject.org/food-security-and-conflict/)//conway

food security potentially lead to increased competition and conflict over production and resources, like land and water. societies with weak institutions at greater risks from instability and conflict interconnectedness of the global food chain intensify global food (in)security and potential conflict and unrest multiplies U.S. has consistently played a pivotal role in scaling-up food climate change is likely to diminish progress through production disruptions local availability limitations and price increases food security will remain a key public policy area for many years to come.


Question: food security public policy

Collapse of US food causes global conflict eruption.

Thomas Benson 22 (is a Postdoctoral Research Associate at a major scientific research organization, and was previously an Environmental Defense Fund Climate Corps Fellow at the American Security Project in 2022. His research focuses on urban sustainability, local government, community engagement, environmental justice, and climate security. “Food Security and Conflict” 7/27/22 https://www.americansecurityproject.org/food-security-and-conflict/)//conway

food security potentially lead to increased competition and conflict over production and resources, like land and water. societies with weak institutions at greater risks from instability and conflict interconnectedness of the global food chain intensify global food (in)security and potential conflict and unrest multiplies U.S. has consistently played a pivotal role in scaling-up food climate change is likely to diminish progress through production disruptions local availability limitations and price increases food security will remain a key public policy area for many years to come.


Question: discursive challenge to violence

The 1AC is a discursive challenge to violence that ultimately de-materializes its praxis and locks the aff into a rejection of organizing and mass struggle

Cloud ‘01. Dana Cloud is a Professor of Communication at Texas [“The Affirmative Masquerade,” 2001, URL: http://www.acjournal.org/holdings/vol4/iss3/special/cloud.htm]//dkp

discourse theories left behind materialism’s conceptual tools an unwarranted pessimism about transforming at the level of the economy and state it is argued mass movements are no longer effective theories encourage scholars and activists to abandon commitment to crafting oppositional political blocs with instrumental and revolutionary potentia l .  we recognize agency as an illusion of humanism and settle for playing with identities in excess in no way combating real existing world classes produce rhetorics social differences operate within regimes of exploitation , so we can change them. for producing transformative knowledges


Question: Cloud 01

The 1AC is a discursive challenge to violence that ultimately de-materializes its praxis and locks the aff into a rejection of organizing and mass struggle

Cloud ‘01. Dana Cloud is a Professor of Communication at Texas [“The Affirmative Masquerade,” 2001, URL: http://www.acjournal.org/holdings/vol4/iss3/special/cloud.htm]//dkp

discourse theories left behind materialism’s conceptual tools an unwarranted pessimism about transforming at the level of the economy and state it is argued mass movements are no longer effective theories encourage scholars and activists to abandon commitment to crafting oppositional political blocs with instrumental and revolutionary potentia l .  we recognize agency as an illusion of humanism and settle for playing with identities in excess in no way combating real existing world classes produce rhetorics social differences operate within regimes of exploitation , so we can change them. for producing transformative knowledges


Question: Dana Cloud

The 1AC is a discursive challenge to violence that ultimately de-materializes its praxis and locks the aff into a rejection of organizing and mass struggle

Cloud ‘01. Dana Cloud is a Professor of Communication at Texas [“The Affirmative Masquerade,” 2001, URL: http://www.acjournal.org/holdings/vol4/iss3/special/cloud.htm]//dkp

discourse theories left behind materialism’s conceptual tools an unwarranted pessimism about transforming at the level of the economy and state it is argued mass movements are no longer effective theories encourage scholars and activists to abandon commitment to crafting oppositional political blocs with instrumental and revolutionary potentia l .  we recognize agency as an illusion of humanism and settle for playing with identities in excess in no way combating real existing world classes produce rhetorics social differences operate within regimes of exploitation , so we can change them. for producing transformative knowledges


Question: Dematerializes praxis

The 1AC is a discursive challenge to violence that ultimately de-materializes its praxis and locks the aff into a rejection of organizing and mass struggle

Cloud ‘01. Dana Cloud is a Professor of Communication at Texas [“The Affirmative Masquerade,” 2001, URL: http://www.acjournal.org/holdings/vol4/iss3/special/cloud.htm]//dkp

discourse theories left behind materialism’s conceptual tools an unwarranted pessimism about transforming at the level of the economy and state it is argued mass movements are no longer effective theories encourage scholars and activists to abandon commitment to crafting oppositional political blocs with instrumental and revolutionary potentia l .  we recognize agency as an illusion of humanism and settle for playing with identities in excess in no way combating real existing world classes produce rhetorics social differences operate within regimes of exploitation , so we can change them. for producing transformative knowledges


Question: Rejection of organizing

The 1AC is a discursive challenge to violence that ultimately de-materializes its praxis and locks the aff into a rejection of organizing and mass struggle

Cloud ‘01. Dana Cloud is a Professor of Communication at Texas [“The Affirmative Masquerade,” 2001, URL: http://www.acjournal.org/holdings/vol4/iss3/special/cloud.htm]//dkp

discourse theories left behind materialism’s conceptual tools an unwarranted pessimism about transforming at the level of the economy and state it is argued mass movements are no longer effective theories encourage scholars and activists to abandon commitment to crafting oppositional political blocs with instrumental and revolutionary potentia l .  we recognize agency as an illusion of humanism and settle for playing with identities in excess in no way combating real existing world classes produce rhetorics social differences operate within regimes of exploitation , so we can change them. for producing transformative knowledges


Question: Affirmative Masquerade

The 1AC is a discursive challenge to violence that ultimately de-materializes its praxis and locks the aff into a rejection of organizing and mass struggle

Cloud ‘01. Dana Cloud is a Professor of Communication at Texas [“The Affirmative Masquerade,” 2001, URL: http://www.acjournal.org/holdings/vol4/iss3/special/cloud.htm]//dkp

discourse theories left behind materialism’s conceptual tools an unwarranted pessimism about transforming at the level of the economy and state it is argued mass movements are no longer effective theories encourage scholars and activists to abandon commitment to crafting oppositional political blocs with instrumental and revolutionary potentia l .  we recognize agency as an illusion of humanism and settle for playing with identities in excess in no way combating real existing world classes produce rhetorics social differences operate within regimes of exploitation , so we can change them. for producing transformative knowledges


Question: mass movements no longer effective

The 1AC is a discursive challenge to violence that ultimately de-materializes its praxis and locks the aff into a rejection of organizing and mass struggle

Cloud ‘01. Dana Cloud is a Professor of Communication at Texas [“The Affirmative Masquerade,” 2001, URL: http://www.acjournal.org/holdings/vol4/iss3/special/cloud.htm]//dkp

discourse theories left behind materialism’s conceptual tools an unwarranted pessimism about transforming at the level of the economy and state it is argued mass movements are no longer effective theories encourage scholars and activists to abandon commitment to crafting oppositional political blocs with instrumental and revolutionary potentia l .  we recognize agency as an illusion of humanism and settle for playing with identities in excess in no way combating real existing world classes produce rhetorics social differences operate within regimes of exploitation , so we can change them. for producing transformative knowledges


Question: discourse theories left behind materialism

The 1AC is a discursive challenge to violence that ultimately de-materializes its praxis and locks the aff into a rejection of organizing and mass struggle

Cloud ‘01. Dana Cloud is a Professor of Communication at Texas [“The Affirmative Masquerade,” 2001, URL: http://www.acjournal.org/holdings/vol4/iss3/special/cloud.htm]//dkp

discourse theories left behind materialism’s conceptual tools an unwarranted pessimism about transforming at the level of the economy and state it is argued mass movements are no longer effective theories encourage scholars and activists to abandon commitment to crafting oppositional political blocs with instrumental and revolutionary potentia l .  we recognize agency as an illusion of humanism and settle for playing with identities in excess in no way combating real existing world classes produce rhetorics social differences operate within regimes of exploitation , so we can change them. for producing transformative knowledges


Question: Plan triggers the Green Paradox

Plan triggers the Green Paradox.

Sinn, ’12 – Former President of the Ifo Institute for Economic Research, German economy ministry’s advisory council, Professor Emeritus of Economics and Public Finance at the University of Munich (Hans-Werner Sinn; “The Green Paradox: A Supply-Side Approach to Global Warming”; The MIT Press;  https://muse.jhu.edu/book/22137; 2012; NC)

entire extraction path  will  change If resource owners know future they will  exploit deposits  before They will  explor new deposits and extract as soon as they can . Extracting earlier increase supply deposits will be burned earlier reinforcing g h effect Announcing future reduction speeds up global warming


Question: Sinn 2012

Plan triggers the Green Paradox.

Sinn, ’12 – Former President of the Ifo Institute for Economic Research, German economy ministry’s advisory council, Professor Emeritus of Economics and Public Finance at the University of Munich (Hans-Werner Sinn; “The Green Paradox: A Supply-Side Approach to Global Warming”; The MIT Press;  https://muse.jhu.edu/book/22137; 2012; NC)

entire extraction path  will  change If resource owners know future they will  exploit deposits  before They will  explor new deposits and extract as soon as they can . Extracting earlier increase supply deposits will be burned earlier reinforcing g h effect Announcing future reduction speeds up global warming


Question: Hans-Werner Sinn

Plan triggers the Green Paradox.

Sinn, ’12 – Former President of the Ifo Institute for Economic Research, German economy ministry’s advisory council, Professor Emeritus of Economics and Public Finance at the University of Munich (Hans-Werner Sinn; “The Green Paradox: A Supply-Side Approach to Global Warming”; The MIT Press;  https://muse.jhu.edu/book/22137; 2012; NC)

entire extraction path  will  change If resource owners know future they will  exploit deposits  before They will  explor new deposits and extract as soon as they can . Extracting earlier increase supply deposits will be burned earlier reinforcing g h effect Announcing future reduction speeds up global warming


Question: Green paradox accelerates warming

Plan triggers the Green Paradox.

Sinn, ’12 – Former President of the Ifo Institute for Economic Research, German economy ministry’s advisory council, Professor Emeritus of Economics and Public Finance at the University of Munich (Hans-Werner Sinn; “The Green Paradox: A Supply-Side Approach to Global Warming”; The MIT Press;  https://muse.jhu.edu/book/22137; 2012; NC)

entire extraction path  will  change If resource owners know future they will  exploit deposits  before They will  explor new deposits and extract as soon as they can . Extracting earlier increase supply deposits will be burned earlier reinforcing g h effect Announcing future reduction speeds up global warming


Question: extracting earlier increases supply

Plan triggers the Green Paradox.

Sinn, ’12 – Former President of the Ifo Institute for Economic Research, German economy ministry’s advisory council, Professor Emeritus of Economics and Public Finance at the University of Munich (Hans-Werner Sinn; “The Green Paradox: A Supply-Side Approach to Global Warming”; The MIT Press;  https://muse.jhu.edu/book/22137; 2012; NC)

entire extraction path  will  change If resource owners know future they will  exploit deposits  before They will  explor new deposits and extract as soon as they can . Extracting earlier increase supply deposits will be burned earlier reinforcing g h effect Announcing future reduction speeds up global warming


Question: future reduction speeds global warming

Plan triggers the Green Paradox.

Sinn, ’12 – Former President of the Ifo Institute for Economic Research, German economy ministry’s advisory council, Professor Emeritus of Economics and Public Finance at the University of Munich (Hans-Werner Sinn; “The Green Paradox: A Supply-Side Approach to Global Warming”; The MIT Press;  https://muse.jhu.edu/book/22137; 2012; NC)

entire extraction path  will  change If resource owners know future they will  exploit deposits  before They will  explor new deposits and extract as soon as they can . Extracting earlier increase supply deposits will be burned earlier reinforcing g h effect Announcing future reduction speeds up global warming


Question: W/M is cap and trade

W/M. It’s a form of cap-and-trade.

Makoto Tanaka & Yishu Chen 13. *National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies. **National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies. Market power in renewable portfolio standards. Energy Economics, Vol. 39, September 2013, 187-196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2013.05.004. Accessed 25 September 2024

RPS and REC can be seen as an analog of tradable permits or allowances in C&T


Question: Tanaka and Chen 13

W/M. It’s a form of cap-and-trade.

Makoto Tanaka & Yishu Chen 13. *National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies. **National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies. Market power in renewable portfolio standards. Energy Economics, Vol. 39, September 2013, 187-196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2013.05.004. Accessed 25 September 2024

RPS and REC can be seen as an analog of tradable permits or allowances in C&T


Question: Renewable portfolio standards

W/M. It’s a form of cap-and-trade.

Makoto Tanaka & Yishu Chen 13. *National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies. **National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies. Market power in renewable portfolio standards. Energy Economics, Vol. 39, September 2013, 187-196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2013.05.004. Accessed 25 September 2024

RPS and REC can be seen as an analog of tradable permits or allowances in C&T


Question: RPS is tradable permits

W/M. It’s a form of cap-and-trade.

Makoto Tanaka & Yishu Chen 13. *National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies. **National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies. Market power in renewable portfolio standards. Energy Economics, Vol. 39, September 2013, 187-196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2013.05.004. Accessed 25 September 2024

RPS and REC can be seen as an analog of tradable permits or allowances in C&T


Question: RPS and REC

W/M. It’s a form of cap-and-trade.

Makoto Tanaka & Yishu Chen 13. *National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies. **National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies. Market power in renewable portfolio standards. Energy Economics, Vol. 39, September 2013, 187-196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2013.05.004. Accessed 25 September 2024

RPS and REC can be seen as an analog of tradable permits or allowances in C&T


Question: market power in renewable portfolio

W/M. It’s a form of cap-and-trade.

Makoto Tanaka & Yishu Chen 13. *National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies. **National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies. Market power in renewable portfolio standards. Energy Economics, Vol. 39, September 2013, 187-196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2013.05.004. Accessed 25 September 2024

RPS and REC can be seen as an analog of tradable permits or allowances in C&T


Question: food shocks decrease odds of war

4---The consensus of recent studies finds unexpected food shocks decrease the odds of war.

Biscaye ‘23 [Pierre; May 15th; PhD Agricultural and Resource Economics at UC Berkeley, Masters in International Development at the University of Washington, Bachelors in International Studies at Whiteworth University, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, “Agricultural Shocks and Conflict in the Short- and Long-Term: Evidence from Desert Locust Swarms”, 10.22004/ag.econ.337142]

locust swarms decrease the likelihood of violent conflict by 20% after controlling for local characteristics Swarms decrease the risk of conflict much more in ag ricultural areas households would prefer to respond to an agricultural shock by engaging in a productive activity than engage in conflict as has been shown by recent studies


Question: Biscaye ‘23

4---The consensus of recent studies finds unexpected food shocks decrease the odds of war.

Biscaye ‘23 [Pierre; May 15th; PhD Agricultural and Resource Economics at UC Berkeley, Masters in International Development at the University of Washington, Bachelors in International Studies at Whiteworth University, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, “Agricultural Shocks and Conflict in the Short- and Long-Term: Evidence from Desert Locust Swarms”, 10.22004/ag.econ.337142]

locust swarms decrease the likelihood of violent conflict by 20% after controlling for local characteristics Swarms decrease the risk of conflict much more in ag ricultural areas households would prefer to respond to an agricultural shock by engaging in a productive activity than engage in conflict as has been shown by recent studies


Question: Pierre Biscaye

4---The consensus of recent studies finds unexpected food shocks decrease the odds of war.

Biscaye ‘23 [Pierre; May 15th; PhD Agricultural and Resource Economics at UC Berkeley, Masters in International Development at the University of Washington, Bachelors in International Studies at Whiteworth University, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, “Agricultural Shocks and Conflict in the Short- and Long-Term: Evidence from Desert Locust Swarms”, 10.22004/ag.econ.337142]

locust swarms decrease the likelihood of violent conflict by 20% after controlling for local characteristics Swarms decrease the risk of conflict much more in ag ricultural areas households would prefer to respond to an agricultural shock by engaging in a productive activity than engage in conflict as has been shown by recent studies


Question: locust swarms decrease conflict

4---The consensus of recent studies finds unexpected food shocks decrease the odds of war.

Biscaye ‘23 [Pierre; May 15th; PhD Agricultural and Resource Economics at UC Berkeley, Masters in International Development at the University of Washington, Bachelors in International Studies at Whiteworth University, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, “Agricultural Shocks and Conflict in the Short- and Long-Term: Evidence from Desert Locust Swarms”, 10.22004/ag.econ.337142]

locust swarms decrease the likelihood of violent conflict by 20% after controlling for local characteristics Swarms decrease the risk of conflict much more in ag ricultural areas households would prefer to respond to an agricultural shock by engaging in a productive activity than engage in conflict as has been shown by recent studies


Question: agricultural shocks decrease violence

4---The consensus of recent studies finds unexpected food shocks decrease the odds of war.

Biscaye ‘23 [Pierre; May 15th; PhD Agricultural and Resource Economics at UC Berkeley, Masters in International Development at the University of Washington, Bachelors in International Studies at Whiteworth University, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, “Agricultural Shocks and Conflict in the Short- and Long-Term: Evidence from Desert Locust Swarms”, 10.22004/ag.econ.337142]

locust swarms decrease the likelihood of violent conflict by 20% after controlling for local characteristics Swarms decrease the risk of conflict much more in ag ricultural areas households would prefer to respond to an agricultural shock by engaging in a productive activity than engage in conflict as has been shown by recent studies


Question: recent studies food shocks

4---The consensus of recent studies finds unexpected food shocks decrease the odds of war.

Biscaye ‘23 [Pierre; May 15th; PhD Agricultural and Resource Economics at UC Berkeley, Masters in International Development at the University of Washington, Bachelors in International Studies at Whiteworth University, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, “Agricultural Shocks and Conflict in the Short- and Long-Term: Evidence from Desert Locust Swarms”, 10.22004/ag.econ.337142]

locust swarms decrease the likelihood of violent conflict by 20% after controlling for local characteristics Swarms decrease the risk of conflict much more in ag ricultural areas households would prefer to respond to an agricultural shock by engaging in a productive activity than engage in conflict as has been shown by recent studies


Question: penalizes cryptocurrency's energy intensive emissions

The plan penalizes cryptocurrency’s energy intensive financed emissions.

Alessio Pezzotta 24, Senior ESG Risk Manager, 12-29-2024, "Crypto and Digital Assets Risk Management", Medium, https://medium.com/exponential-science-foundation/crypto-and-digital-assets-risk-management-e14021f3d494

cryptocurrency markets experience liquidity challenges banks have targets on emissions  and financed emissions crypto increasing financed emissions assets are energy-intensive the challenge  is how to make crypto assets profitable given the GHG emissions target


Question: Alessio Pezzotta

The plan penalizes cryptocurrency’s energy intensive financed emissions.

Alessio Pezzotta 24, Senior ESG Risk Manager, 12-29-2024, "Crypto and Digital Assets Risk Management", Medium, https://medium.com/exponential-science-foundation/crypto-and-digital-assets-risk-management-e14021f3d494

cryptocurrency markets experience liquidity challenges banks have targets on emissions  and financed emissions crypto increasing financed emissions assets are energy-intensive the challenge  is how to make crypto assets profitable given the GHG emissions target


Question: crypto financed emissions

The plan penalizes cryptocurrency’s energy intensive financed emissions.

Alessio Pezzotta 24, Senior ESG Risk Manager, 12-29-2024, "Crypto and Digital Assets Risk Management", Medium, https://medium.com/exponential-science-foundation/crypto-and-digital-assets-risk-management-e14021f3d494

cryptocurrency markets experience liquidity challenges banks have targets on emissions  and financed emissions crypto increasing financed emissions assets are energy-intensive the challenge  is how to make crypto assets profitable given the GHG emissions target


Question: banks target emissions crypto

The plan penalizes cryptocurrency’s energy intensive financed emissions.

Alessio Pezzotta 24, Senior ESG Risk Manager, 12-29-2024, "Crypto and Digital Assets Risk Management", Medium, https://medium.com/exponential-science-foundation/crypto-and-digital-assets-risk-management-e14021f3d494

cryptocurrency markets experience liquidity challenges banks have targets on emissions  and financed emissions crypto increasing financed emissions assets are energy-intensive the challenge  is how to make crypto assets profitable given the GHG emissions target


Question: crypto energy intensive emissions

The plan penalizes cryptocurrency’s energy intensive financed emissions.

Alessio Pezzotta 24, Senior ESG Risk Manager, 12-29-2024, "Crypto and Digital Assets Risk Management", Medium, https://medium.com/exponential-science-foundation/crypto-and-digital-assets-risk-management-e14021f3d494

cryptocurrency markets experience liquidity challenges banks have targets on emissions  and financed emissions crypto increasing financed emissions assets are energy-intensive the challenge  is how to make crypto assets profitable given the GHG emissions target


Question: crypto and GHG emissions target

The plan penalizes cryptocurrency’s energy intensive financed emissions.

Alessio Pezzotta 24, Senior ESG Risk Manager, 12-29-2024, "Crypto and Digital Assets Risk Management", Medium, https://medium.com/exponential-science-foundation/crypto-and-digital-assets-risk-management-e14021f3d494

cryptocurrency markets experience liquidity challenges banks have targets on emissions  and financed emissions crypto increasing financed emissions assets are energy-intensive the challenge  is how to make crypto assets profitable given the GHG emissions target


Question: crushes rust belt American auto

That crushes rust belt American auto---plan evens the field

Dayen 24, American economics author and columnist, Executive Editor at the American Prospect, B.A., English, University of Michigan (David Dayen, May 14, 2024, “Tariffs Give U.S. Automakers a Fleeting Chance,” The American Prospect, https://prospect.org/economy/2024-05-14-tariffs-give-us-automakers-fleeting-chance/)

Biden will quadruple tariffs on e v s from China Some don’t see Chinese auto as a opportunity But the White House just committed billions to a homegrown industry and ecosystem of batteries make sure that doesn’t go to waste . The fallout of sacrificing industry would be lasting It is assumed and nothing can change This doesn’t appear true the leading models in the U.S. all giant trucks . That cannot be the future The fear is automakers internalized  this so much they will drop the transition , secure tariffs will protect their gas-guzzlers . be the end ; they’re not big enough anymore to have that security The value of tariffs is $18 billion, a speck in overall trade . This is about protecting domestic auto


Question: Dayen 24

That crushes rust belt American auto---plan evens the field

Dayen 24, American economics author and columnist, Executive Editor at the American Prospect, B.A., English, University of Michigan (David Dayen, May 14, 2024, “Tariffs Give U.S. Automakers a Fleeting Chance,” The American Prospect, https://prospect.org/economy/2024-05-14-tariffs-give-us-automakers-fleeting-chance/)

Biden will quadruple tariffs on e v s from China Some don’t see Chinese auto as a opportunity But the White House just committed billions to a homegrown industry and ecosystem of batteries make sure that doesn’t go to waste . The fallout of sacrificing industry would be lasting It is assumed and nothing can change This doesn’t appear true the leading models in the U.S. all giant trucks . That cannot be the future The fear is automakers internalized  this so much they will drop the transition , secure tariffs will protect their gas-guzzlers . be the end ; they’re not big enough anymore to have that security The value of tariffs is $18 billion, a speck in overall trade . This is about protecting domestic auto


Question: American auto tariffs

That crushes rust belt American auto---plan evens the field

Dayen 24, American economics author and columnist, Executive Editor at the American Prospect, B.A., English, University of Michigan (David Dayen, May 14, 2024, “Tariffs Give U.S. Automakers a Fleeting Chance,” The American Prospect, https://prospect.org/economy/2024-05-14-tariffs-give-us-automakers-fleeting-chance/)

Biden will quadruple tariffs on e v s from China Some don’t see Chinese auto as a opportunity But the White House just committed billions to a homegrown industry and ecosystem of batteries make sure that doesn’t go to waste . The fallout of sacrificing industry would be lasting It is assumed and nothing can change This doesn’t appear true the leading models in the U.S. all giant trucks . That cannot be the future The fear is automakers internalized  this so much they will drop the transition , secure tariffs will protect their gas-guzzlers . be the end ; they’re not big enough anymore to have that security The value of tariffs is $18 billion, a speck in overall trade . This is about protecting domestic auto


Question: tariffs give U.S. automakers chance

That crushes rust belt American auto---plan evens the field

Dayen 24, American economics author and columnist, Executive Editor at the American Prospect, B.A., English, University of Michigan (David Dayen, May 14, 2024, “Tariffs Give U.S. Automakers a Fleeting Chance,” The American Prospect, https://prospect.org/economy/2024-05-14-tariffs-give-us-automakers-fleeting-chance/)

Biden will quadruple tariffs on e v s from China Some don’t see Chinese auto as a opportunity But the White House just committed billions to a homegrown industry and ecosystem of batteries make sure that doesn’t go to waste . The fallout of sacrificing industry would be lasting It is assumed and nothing can change This doesn’t appear true the leading models in the U.S. all giant trucks . That cannot be the future The fear is automakers internalized  this so much they will drop the transition , secure tariffs will protect their gas-guzzlers . be the end ; they’re not big enough anymore to have that security The value of tariffs is $18 billion, a speck in overall trade . This is about protecting domestic auto


Question: Biden EV tariffs

That crushes rust belt American auto---plan evens the field

Dayen 24, American economics author and columnist, Executive Editor at the American Prospect, B.A., English, University of Michigan (David Dayen, May 14, 2024, “Tariffs Give U.S. Automakers a Fleeting Chance,” The American Prospect, https://prospect.org/economy/2024-05-14-tariffs-give-us-automakers-fleeting-chance/)

Biden will quadruple tariffs on e v s from China Some don’t see Chinese auto as a opportunity But the White House just committed billions to a homegrown industry and ecosystem of batteries make sure that doesn’t go to waste . The fallout of sacrificing industry would be lasting It is assumed and nothing can change This doesn’t appear true the leading models in the U.S. all giant trucks . That cannot be the future The fear is automakers internalized  this so much they will drop the transition , secure tariffs will protect their gas-guzzlers . be the end ; they’re not big enough anymore to have that security The value of tariffs is $18 billion, a speck in overall trade . This is about protecting domestic auto


Question: protecting domestic auto

That crushes rust belt American auto---plan evens the field

Dayen 24, American economics author and columnist, Executive Editor at the American Prospect, B.A., English, University of Michigan (David Dayen, May 14, 2024, “Tariffs Give U.S. Automakers a Fleeting Chance,” The American Prospect, https://prospect.org/economy/2024-05-14-tariffs-give-us-automakers-fleeting-chance/)

Biden will quadruple tariffs on e v s from China Some don’t see Chinese auto as a opportunity But the White House just committed billions to a homegrown industry and ecosystem of batteries make sure that doesn’t go to waste . The fallout of sacrificing industry would be lasting It is assumed and nothing can change This doesn’t appear true the leading models in the U.S. all giant trucks . That cannot be the future The fear is automakers internalized  this so much they will drop the transition , secure tariffs will protect their gas-guzzlers . be the end ; they’re not big enough anymore to have that security The value of tariffs is $18 billion, a speck in overall trade . This is about protecting domestic auto


Question: economist Dayen

That crushes rust belt American auto---plan evens the field

Dayen 24, American economics author and columnist, Executive Editor at the American Prospect, B.A., English, University of Michigan (David Dayen, May 14, 2024, “Tariffs Give U.S. Automakers a Fleeting Chance,” The American Prospect, https://prospect.org/economy/2024-05-14-tariffs-give-us-automakers-fleeting-chance/)

Biden will quadruple tariffs on e v s from China Some don’t see Chinese auto as a opportunity But the White House just committed billions to a homegrown industry and ecosystem of batteries make sure that doesn’t go to waste . The fallout of sacrificing industry would be lasting It is assumed and nothing can change This doesn’t appear true the leading models in the U.S. all giant trucks . That cannot be the future The fear is automakers internalized  this so much they will drop the transition , secure tariffs will protect their gas-guzzlers . be the end ; they’re not big enough anymore to have that security The value of tariffs is $18 billion, a speck in overall trade . This is about protecting domestic auto


Question: Growth-oriented AI extinction

Growth-oriented AI ensures extinction---but degrowth solves

Pueyo ’18 [Salvador; October 1; Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology, and Environmental Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona; Journal of Cleaner Production, “Growth, Degrowth, and the Challenge of Artificial Superintelligence,” vol. 197, pp. 1731–1736]

sustainability and superintelligence are not independent superintelligence be affected  by socioeconomic context it develops Neoliberalism is a  major force  superintelligence aligned  with capitalist  markets  have undesirable consequences for humanity and the biosphere Neoliberal policies are transferring decisions to markets goals are shaped by firms growth rely on earnings economic selection  favor firms in which these are greater technical constraints are overcome by  extreme AI goals emerge from large sets of entities subject to capitalist interaction


Question: Pueyo 18

Growth-oriented AI ensures extinction---but degrowth solves

Pueyo ’18 [Salvador; October 1; Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology, and Environmental Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona; Journal of Cleaner Production, “Growth, Degrowth, and the Challenge of Artificial Superintelligence,” vol. 197, pp. 1731–1736]

sustainability and superintelligence are not independent superintelligence be affected  by socioeconomic context it develops Neoliberalism is a  major force  superintelligence aligned  with capitalist  markets  have undesirable consequences for humanity and the biosphere Neoliberal policies are transferring decisions to markets goals are shaped by firms growth rely on earnings economic selection  favor firms in which these are greater technical constraints are overcome by  extreme AI goals emerge from large sets of entities subject to capitalist interaction


Question: Salvador Pueyo

Growth-oriented AI ensures extinction---but degrowth solves

Pueyo ’18 [Salvador; October 1; Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology, and Environmental Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona; Journal of Cleaner Production, “Growth, Degrowth, and the Challenge of Artificial Superintelligence,” vol. 197, pp. 1731–1736]

sustainability and superintelligence are not independent superintelligence be affected  by socioeconomic context it develops Neoliberalism is a  major force  superintelligence aligned  with capitalist  markets  have undesirable consequences for humanity and the biosphere Neoliberal policies are transferring decisions to markets goals are shaped by firms growth rely on earnings economic selection  favor firms in which these are greater technical constraints are overcome by  extreme AI goals emerge from large sets of entities subject to capitalist interaction


Question: AI and neoliberalism

Growth-oriented AI ensures extinction---but degrowth solves

Pueyo ’18 [Salvador; October 1; Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology, and Environmental Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona; Journal of Cleaner Production, “Growth, Degrowth, and the Challenge of Artificial Superintelligence,” vol. 197, pp. 1731–1736]

sustainability and superintelligence are not independent superintelligence be affected  by socioeconomic context it develops Neoliberalism is a  major force  superintelligence aligned  with capitalist  markets  have undesirable consequences for humanity and the biosphere Neoliberal policies are transferring decisions to markets goals are shaped by firms growth rely on earnings economic selection  favor firms in which these are greater technical constraints are overcome by  extreme AI goals emerge from large sets of entities subject to capitalist interaction


Question: capitalist AI bad

Growth-oriented AI ensures extinction---but degrowth solves

Pueyo ’18 [Salvador; October 1; Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology, and Environmental Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona; Journal of Cleaner Production, “Growth, Degrowth, and the Challenge of Artificial Superintelligence,” vol. 197, pp. 1731–1736]

sustainability and superintelligence are not independent superintelligence be affected  by socioeconomic context it develops Neoliberalism is a  major force  superintelligence aligned  with capitalist  markets  have undesirable consequences for humanity and the biosphere Neoliberal policies are transferring decisions to markets goals are shaped by firms growth rely on earnings economic selection  favor firms in which these are greater technical constraints are overcome by  extreme AI goals emerge from large sets of entities subject to capitalist interaction


Question: degrowth solves AI extinction

Growth-oriented AI ensures extinction---but degrowth solves

Pueyo ’18 [Salvador; October 1; Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology, and Environmental Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona; Journal of Cleaner Production, “Growth, Degrowth, and the Challenge of Artificial Superintelligence,” vol. 197, pp. 1731–1736]

sustainability and superintelligence are not independent superintelligence be affected  by socioeconomic context it develops Neoliberalism is a  major force  superintelligence aligned  with capitalist  markets  have undesirable consequences for humanity and the biosphere Neoliberal policies are transferring decisions to markets goals are shaped by firms growth rely on earnings economic selection  favor firms in which these are greater technical constraints are overcome by  extreme AI goals emerge from large sets of entities subject to capitalist interaction


Question: superintelligence socioeconomic context

Growth-oriented AI ensures extinction---but degrowth solves

Pueyo ’18 [Salvador; October 1; Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology, and Environmental Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona; Journal of Cleaner Production, “Growth, Degrowth, and the Challenge of Artificial Superintelligence,” vol. 197, pp. 1731–1736]

sustainability and superintelligence are not independent superintelligence be affected  by socioeconomic context it develops Neoliberalism is a  major force  superintelligence aligned  with capitalist  markets  have undesirable consequences for humanity and the biosphere Neoliberal policies are transferring decisions to markets goals are shaped by firms growth rely on earnings economic selection  favor firms in which these are greater technical constraints are overcome by  extreme AI goals emerge from large sets of entities subject to capitalist interaction


Question: China won’t inevitably deploy geoengineering

China won’t inevitably deploy geoengineering.

Young 23, Researcher at the University of Leeds (Danielle N. Young, 2023, “Considering stratospheric aerosol injections beyond an environmental frame: The intelligible ‘emergency’ techno-fix and preemptive security,” European Journal of International Security, Vol. 8, pp. 262–280, University of Kansas Libraries, Pro Quest)

China has a history of weather modification However has shown more interest in afforestation and reluctance to explore SRM in addition to political challenges if it engaged with India and Australia China have enough agreement climate is a problem to mobilise impactful but less dangerous interventions


Question: Young 23

China won’t inevitably deploy geoengineering.

Young 23, Researcher at the University of Leeds (Danielle N. Young, 2023, “Considering stratospheric aerosol injections beyond an environmental frame: The intelligible ‘emergency’ techno-fix and preemptive security,” European Journal of International Security, Vol. 8, pp. 262–280, University of Kansas Libraries, Pro Quest)

China has a history of weather modification However has shown more interest in afforestation and reluctance to explore SRM in addition to political challenges if it engaged with India and Australia China have enough agreement climate is a problem to mobilise impactful but less dangerous interventions


Question: China reluctant to SRM

China won’t inevitably deploy geoengineering.

Young 23, Researcher at the University of Leeds (Danielle N. Young, 2023, “Considering stratospheric aerosol injections beyond an environmental frame: The intelligible ‘emergency’ techno-fix and preemptive security,” European Journal of International Security, Vol. 8, pp. 262–280, University of Kansas Libraries, Pro Quest)

China has a history of weather modification However has shown more interest in afforestation and reluctance to explore SRM in addition to political challenges if it engaged with India and Australia China have enough agreement climate is a problem to mobilise impactful but less dangerous interventions


Question: Danielle Young

China won’t inevitably deploy geoengineering.

Young 23, Researcher at the University of Leeds (Danielle N. Young, 2023, “Considering stratospheric aerosol injections beyond an environmental frame: The intelligible ‘emergency’ techno-fix and preemptive security,” European Journal of International Security, Vol. 8, pp. 262–280, University of Kansas Libraries, Pro Quest)

China has a history of weather modification However has shown more interest in afforestation and reluctance to explore SRM in addition to political challenges if it engaged with India and Australia China have enough agreement climate is a problem to mobilise impactful but less dangerous interventions


Question: China afforestation

China won’t inevitably deploy geoengineering.

Young 23, Researcher at the University of Leeds (Danielle N. Young, 2023, “Considering stratospheric aerosol injections beyond an environmental frame: The intelligible ‘emergency’ techno-fix and preemptive security,” European Journal of International Security, Vol. 8, pp. 262–280, University of Kansas Libraries, Pro Quest)

China has a history of weather modification However has shown more interest in afforestation and reluctance to explore SRM in addition to political challenges if it engaged with India and Australia China have enough agreement climate is a problem to mobilise impactful but less dangerous interventions


Question: China geoengineering unlikely

China won’t inevitably deploy geoengineering.

Young 23, Researcher at the University of Leeds (Danielle N. Young, 2023, “Considering stratospheric aerosol injections beyond an environmental frame: The intelligible ‘emergency’ techno-fix and preemptive security,” European Journal of International Security, Vol. 8, pp. 262–280, University of Kansas Libraries, Pro Quest)

China has a history of weather modification However has shown more interest in afforestation and reluctance to explore SRM in addition to political challenges if it engaged with India and Australia China have enough agreement climate is a problem to mobilise impactful but less dangerous interventions


Question: China and climate interventions

China won’t inevitably deploy geoengineering.

Young 23, Researcher at the University of Leeds (Danielle N. Young, 2023, “Considering stratospheric aerosol injections beyond an environmental frame: The intelligible ‘emergency’ techno-fix and preemptive security,” European Journal of International Security, Vol. 8, pp. 262–280, University of Kansas Libraries, Pro Quest)

China has a history of weather modification However has shown more interest in afforestation and reluctance to explore SRM in addition to political challenges if it engaged with India and Australia China have enough agreement climate is a problem to mobilise impactful but less dangerous interventions


Question: China less dangerous interventions

China won’t inevitably deploy geoengineering.

Young 23, Researcher at the University of Leeds (Danielle N. Young, 2023, “Considering stratospheric aerosol injections beyond an environmental frame: The intelligible ‘emergency’ techno-fix and preemptive security,” European Journal of International Security, Vol. 8, pp. 262–280, University of Kansas Libraries, Pro Quest)

China has a history of weather modification However has shown more interest in afforestation and reluctance to explore SRM in addition to political challenges if it engaged with India and Australia China have enough agreement climate is a problem to mobilise impactful but less dangerous interventions


Question: slavery settler colonialism articulations

The alternative can link together slavery and settler colonialism, but we must attend to the different articulations of white liberal man and his Others.  This is incompatible with their reading of antiblackness as transhistorical and teleological.

Lowe, ’15 – Distinguished Professor of English and Humanities, a faculty member of the Consortium of Studies in Race, Colonialism, and Diaspora, and Director of the Center for the Humanities at Tufts University; Lisa Lowe; The Intimacies of Four Continents; Duke University Press; pp. 1-8; 05-20-15; NC)

slave trade, East Indies and China trades all labored in the "new world fortunes created by slavery-based societies gave rise to French bourgeoisie , producing conditions for rights of man'' it is rare to discuss relationship between slavery and colonialism there is less that examines connections among histories of Asian, African indigenous Americas archives discourages links between colonialism and slave trade or conjunction of abolition of slavery and importing Asian indentured labor or East Indies and China trades and bourgeois Europe practices disrupt historical chronologies . This approach emphasizes relationality of peoples , that unsettles bounded frameworks genealogy is of colonial divisions of humanity tracking race gender as  normative categories Elaborations of difference were  not universal To investigate complex intersections  of social difference We can link liberties with racial difference to subjects unfit for liberty at the margins Settlers represented indigenous as violent threats that rationalized white settlement and African slavery Colonial administrators cast Africans as property represented Chinese as  diseased addicts distinct yet racial logics  constituted emergent settler imperial imaginary coloniality" of history is not binary but rather temporalized differentiation


Question: Lowe 2015

The alternative can link together slavery and settler colonialism, but we must attend to the different articulations of white liberal man and his Others.  This is incompatible with their reading of antiblackness as transhistorical and teleological.

Lowe, ’15 – Distinguished Professor of English and Humanities, a faculty member of the Consortium of Studies in Race, Colonialism, and Diaspora, and Director of the Center for the Humanities at Tufts University; Lisa Lowe; The Intimacies of Four Continents; Duke University Press; pp. 1-8; 05-20-15; NC)

slave trade, East Indies and China trades all labored in the "new world fortunes created by slavery-based societies gave rise to French bourgeoisie , producing conditions for rights of man'' it is rare to discuss relationship between slavery and colonialism there is less that examines connections among histories of Asian, African indigenous Americas archives discourages links between colonialism and slave trade or conjunction of abolition of slavery and importing Asian indentured labor or East Indies and China trades and bourgeois Europe practices disrupt historical chronologies . This approach emphasizes relationality of peoples , that unsettles bounded frameworks genealogy is of colonial divisions of humanity tracking race gender as  normative categories Elaborations of difference were  not universal To investigate complex intersections  of social difference We can link liberties with racial difference to subjects unfit for liberty at the margins Settlers represented indigenous as violent threats that rationalized white settlement and African slavery Colonial administrators cast Africans as property represented Chinese as  diseased addicts distinct yet racial logics  constituted emergent settler imperial imaginary coloniality" of history is not binary but rather temporalized differentiation


Question: Lisa Lowe Intimacies

The alternative can link together slavery and settler colonialism, but we must attend to the different articulations of white liberal man and his Others.  This is incompatible with their reading of antiblackness as transhistorical and teleological.

Lowe, ’15 – Distinguished Professor of English and Humanities, a faculty member of the Consortium of Studies in Race, Colonialism, and Diaspora, and Director of the Center for the Humanities at Tufts University; Lisa Lowe; The Intimacies of Four Continents; Duke University Press; pp. 1-8; 05-20-15; NC)

slave trade, East Indies and China trades all labored in the "new world fortunes created by slavery-based societies gave rise to French bourgeoisie , producing conditions for rights of man'' it is rare to discuss relationship between slavery and colonialism there is less that examines connections among histories of Asian, African indigenous Americas archives discourages links between colonialism and slave trade or conjunction of abolition of slavery and importing Asian indentured labor or East Indies and China trades and bourgeois Europe practices disrupt historical chronologies . This approach emphasizes relationality of peoples , that unsettles bounded frameworks genealogy is of colonial divisions of humanity tracking race gender as  normative categories Elaborations of difference were  not universal To investigate complex intersections  of social difference We can link liberties with racial difference to subjects unfit for liberty at the margins Settlers represented indigenous as violent threats that rationalized white settlement and African slavery Colonial administrators cast Africans as property represented Chinese as  diseased addicts distinct yet racial logics  constituted emergent settler imperial imaginary coloniality" of history is not binary but rather temporalized differentiation


Question: slavery and settler colonialism link

The alternative can link together slavery and settler colonialism, but we must attend to the different articulations of white liberal man and his Others.  This is incompatible with their reading of antiblackness as transhistorical and teleological.

Lowe, ’15 – Distinguished Professor of English and Humanities, a faculty member of the Consortium of Studies in Race, Colonialism, and Diaspora, and Director of the Center for the Humanities at Tufts University; Lisa Lowe; The Intimacies of Four Continents; Duke University Press; pp. 1-8; 05-20-15; NC)

slave trade, East Indies and China trades all labored in the "new world fortunes created by slavery-based societies gave rise to French bourgeoisie , producing conditions for rights of man'' it is rare to discuss relationship between slavery and colonialism there is less that examines connections among histories of Asian, African indigenous Americas archives discourages links between colonialism and slave trade or conjunction of abolition of slavery and importing Asian indentured labor or East Indies and China trades and bourgeois Europe practices disrupt historical chronologies . This approach emphasizes relationality of peoples , that unsettles bounded frameworks genealogy is of colonial divisions of humanity tracking race gender as  normative categories Elaborations of difference were  not universal To investigate complex intersections  of social difference We can link liberties with racial difference to subjects unfit for liberty at the margins Settlers represented indigenous as violent threats that rationalized white settlement and African slavery Colonial administrators cast Africans as property represented Chinese as  diseased addicts distinct yet racial logics  constituted emergent settler imperial imaginary coloniality" of history is not binary but rather temporalized differentiation


Question: white liberal man and others

The alternative can link together slavery and settler colonialism, but we must attend to the different articulations of white liberal man and his Others.  This is incompatible with their reading of antiblackness as transhistorical and teleological.

Lowe, ’15 – Distinguished Professor of English and Humanities, a faculty member of the Consortium of Studies in Race, Colonialism, and Diaspora, and Director of the Center for the Humanities at Tufts University; Lisa Lowe; The Intimacies of Four Continents; Duke University Press; pp. 1-8; 05-20-15; NC)

slave trade, East Indies and China trades all labored in the "new world fortunes created by slavery-based societies gave rise to French bourgeoisie , producing conditions for rights of man'' it is rare to discuss relationship between slavery and colonialism there is less that examines connections among histories of Asian, African indigenous Americas archives discourages links between colonialism and slave trade or conjunction of abolition of slavery and importing Asian indentured labor or East Indies and China trades and bourgeois Europe practices disrupt historical chronologies . This approach emphasizes relationality of peoples , that unsettles bounded frameworks genealogy is of colonial divisions of humanity tracking race gender as  normative categories Elaborations of difference were  not universal To investigate complex intersections  of social difference We can link liberties with racial difference to subjects unfit for liberty at the margins Settlers represented indigenous as violent threats that rationalized white settlement and African slavery Colonial administrators cast Africans as property represented Chinese as  diseased addicts distinct yet racial logics  constituted emergent settler imperial imaginary coloniality" of history is not binary but rather temporalized differentiation


Question: racial logics constituted settler imaginary

The alternative can link together slavery and settler colonialism, but we must attend to the different articulations of white liberal man and his Others.  This is incompatible with their reading of antiblackness as transhistorical and teleological.

Lowe, ’15 – Distinguished Professor of English and Humanities, a faculty member of the Consortium of Studies in Race, Colonialism, and Diaspora, and Director of the Center for the Humanities at Tufts University; Lisa Lowe; The Intimacies of Four Continents; Duke University Press; pp. 1-8; 05-20-15; NC)

slave trade, East Indies and China trades all labored in the "new world fortunes created by slavery-based societies gave rise to French bourgeoisie , producing conditions for rights of man'' it is rare to discuss relationship between slavery and colonialism there is less that examines connections among histories of Asian, African indigenous Americas archives discourages links between colonialism and slave trade or conjunction of abolition of slavery and importing Asian indentured labor or East Indies and China trades and bourgeois Europe practices disrupt historical chronologies . This approach emphasizes relationality of peoples , that unsettles bounded frameworks genealogy is of colonial divisions of humanity tracking race gender as  normative categories Elaborations of difference were  not universal To investigate complex intersections  of social difference We can link liberties with racial difference to subjects unfit for liberty at the margins Settlers represented indigenous as violent threats that rationalized white settlement and African slavery Colonial administrators cast Africans as property represented Chinese as  diseased addicts distinct yet racial logics  constituted emergent settler imperial imaginary coloniality" of history is not binary but rather temporalized differentiation


Question: abolition of slavery and Asian labor

The alternative can link together slavery and settler colonialism, but we must attend to the different articulations of white liberal man and his Others.  This is incompatible with their reading of antiblackness as transhistorical and teleological.

Lowe, ’15 – Distinguished Professor of English and Humanities, a faculty member of the Consortium of Studies in Race, Colonialism, and Diaspora, and Director of the Center for the Humanities at Tufts University; Lisa Lowe; The Intimacies of Four Continents; Duke University Press; pp. 1-8; 05-20-15; NC)

slave trade, East Indies and China trades all labored in the "new world fortunes created by slavery-based societies gave rise to French bourgeoisie , producing conditions for rights of man'' it is rare to discuss relationship between slavery and colonialism there is less that examines connections among histories of Asian, African indigenous Americas archives discourages links between colonialism and slave trade or conjunction of abolition of slavery and importing Asian indentured labor or East Indies and China trades and bourgeois Europe practices disrupt historical chronologies . This approach emphasizes relationality of peoples , that unsettles bounded frameworks genealogy is of colonial divisions of humanity tracking race gender as  normative categories Elaborations of difference were  not universal To investigate complex intersections  of social difference We can link liberties with racial difference to subjects unfit for liberty at the margins Settlers represented indigenous as violent threats that rationalized white settlement and African slavery Colonial administrators cast Africans as property represented Chinese as  diseased addicts distinct yet racial logics  constituted emergent settler imperial imaginary coloniality" of history is not binary but rather temporalized differentiation


Question: colonial administrators cast africans as property

The alternative can link together slavery and settler colonialism, but we must attend to the different articulations of white liberal man and his Others.  This is incompatible with their reading of antiblackness as transhistorical and teleological.

Lowe, ’15 – Distinguished Professor of English and Humanities, a faculty member of the Consortium of Studies in Race, Colonialism, and Diaspora, and Director of the Center for the Humanities at Tufts University; Lisa Lowe; The Intimacies of Four Continents; Duke University Press; pp. 1-8; 05-20-15; NC)

slave trade, East Indies and China trades all labored in the "new world fortunes created by slavery-based societies gave rise to French bourgeoisie , producing conditions for rights of man'' it is rare to discuss relationship between slavery and colonialism there is less that examines connections among histories of Asian, African indigenous Americas archives discourages links between colonialism and slave trade or conjunction of abolition of slavery and importing Asian indentured labor or East Indies and China trades and bourgeois Europe practices disrupt historical chronologies . This approach emphasizes relationality of peoples , that unsettles bounded frameworks genealogy is of colonial divisions of humanity tracking race gender as  normative categories Elaborations of difference were  not universal To investigate complex intersections  of social difference We can link liberties with racial difference to subjects unfit for liberty at the margins Settlers represented indigenous as violent threats that rationalized white settlement and African slavery Colonial administrators cast Africans as property represented Chinese as  diseased addicts distinct yet racial logics  constituted emergent settler imperial imaginary coloniality" of history is not binary but rather temporalized differentiation


Question: Adopt is agent agnostic

‘Adopt’ is agent agnostic.

Ann A. Scott Timmer 20. Vice Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the State of Arizona. “The State of the Netherlands V. MD Helicopters, INC.” December 2020. https://cases.justia.com/arizona/supreme-court/2020-cv-20-0112-pr.pdf?ts=1609349421

If legislature intended to restrict law to legislative enactments adopt would add nothing courts “adopt ” rules common law executive agencies “adopt” rules and regulations


Question: Ann A. Scott Timmer

‘Adopt’ is agent agnostic.

Ann A. Scott Timmer 20. Vice Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the State of Arizona. “The State of the Netherlands V. MD Helicopters, INC.” December 2020. https://cases.justia.com/arizona/supreme-court/2020-cv-20-0112-pr.pdf?ts=1609349421

If legislature intended to restrict law to legislative enactments adopt would add nothing courts “adopt ” rules common law executive agencies “adopt” rules and regulations


Question: State of Netherlands

‘Adopt’ is agent agnostic.

Ann A. Scott Timmer 20. Vice Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the State of Arizona. “The State of the Netherlands V. MD Helicopters, INC.” December 2020. https://cases.justia.com/arizona/supreme-court/2020-cv-20-0112-pr.pdf?ts=1609349421

If legislature intended to restrict law to legislative enactments adopt would add nothing courts “adopt ” rules common law executive agencies “adopt” rules and regulations


Question: adopt rules common law

‘Adopt’ is agent agnostic.

Ann A. Scott Timmer 20. Vice Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the State of Arizona. “The State of the Netherlands V. MD Helicopters, INC.” December 2020. https://cases.justia.com/arizona/supreme-court/2020-cv-20-0112-pr.pdf?ts=1609349421

If legislature intended to restrict law to legislative enactments adopt would add nothing courts “adopt ” rules common law executive agencies “adopt” rules and regulations


Question: legislature intended to restrict law

‘Adopt’ is agent agnostic.

Ann A. Scott Timmer 20. Vice Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the State of Arizona. “The State of the Netherlands V. MD Helicopters, INC.” December 2020. https://cases.justia.com/arizona/supreme-court/2020-cv-20-0112-pr.pdf?ts=1609349421

If legislature intended to restrict law to legislative enactments adopt would add nothing courts “adopt ” rules common law executive agencies “adopt” rules and regulations


Question: decarbonization requires putting a price

Decarbonization requires “putting a price” on a resource that used to be free

Jean Pisani-Ferry 21, nonresident senior fellow at the Peterson Institute for International Economics (Jean, “Climate Policy is Macroeconomic Policy, and the Implications Will Be Significant,” https://www.piie.com/sites/default/files/documents/pb21-20.pdf)

decarbonization amounts to putting a price on a resource that used to be free through taxation or regulation


Question: Pisani-Ferry 21

Decarbonization requires “putting a price” on a resource that used to be free

Jean Pisani-Ferry 21, nonresident senior fellow at the Peterson Institute for International Economics (Jean, “Climate Policy is Macroeconomic Policy, and the Implications Will Be Significant,” https://www.piie.com/sites/default/files/documents/pb21-20.pdf)

decarbonization amounts to putting a price on a resource that used to be free through taxation or regulation


Question: Jean Pisani-Ferry decarbonization

Decarbonization requires “putting a price” on a resource that used to be free

Jean Pisani-Ferry 21, nonresident senior fellow at the Peterson Institute for International Economics (Jean, “Climate Policy is Macroeconomic Policy, and the Implications Will Be Significant,” https://www.piie.com/sites/default/files/documents/pb21-20.pdf)

decarbonization amounts to putting a price on a resource that used to be free through taxation or regulation


Question: climate policy is macroeconomic policy

Decarbonization requires “putting a price” on a resource that used to be free

Jean Pisani-Ferry 21, nonresident senior fellow at the Peterson Institute for International Economics (Jean, “Climate Policy is Macroeconomic Policy, and the Implications Will Be Significant,” https://www.piie.com/sites/default/files/documents/pb21-20.pdf)

decarbonization amounts to putting a price on a resource that used to be free through taxation or regulation


Question: decarbonization puts price on resource

Decarbonization requires “putting a price” on a resource that used to be free

Jean Pisani-Ferry 21, nonresident senior fellow at the Peterson Institute for International Economics (Jean, “Climate Policy is Macroeconomic Policy, and the Implications Will Be Significant,” https://www.piie.com/sites/default/files/documents/pb21-20.pdf)

decarbonization amounts to putting a price on a resource that used to be free through taxation or regulation


Question: taxation and decarbonization

Decarbonization requires “putting a price” on a resource that used to be free

Jean Pisani-Ferry 21, nonresident senior fellow at the Peterson Institute for International Economics (Jean, “Climate Policy is Macroeconomic Policy, and the Implications Will Be Significant,” https://www.piie.com/sites/default/files/documents/pb21-20.pdf)

decarbonization amounts to putting a price on a resource that used to be free through taxation or regulation


Question: decarbonization through taxation or regulation

Decarbonization requires “putting a price” on a resource that used to be free

Jean Pisani-Ferry 21, nonresident senior fellow at the Peterson Institute for International Economics (Jean, “Climate Policy is Macroeconomic Policy, and the Implications Will Be Significant,” https://www.piie.com/sites/default/files/documents/pb21-20.pdf)

decarbonization amounts to putting a price on a resource that used to be free through taxation or regulation


Question: No Africa war

No Africa war and no impact to instability

Scott Straus 12, professor of politics at the University of Wisconsin, “Wars Do End! Changing Patterns of Political Violence in Sub-Saharan Africa,” afraf.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2012/03/01/afraf.ads015.full

Civil wars in Africa, declined steeply there are half as many as the 1990s the change is not recognized More characteristic are low-level insurgencies  in groups tend to be small internally divided, poorly trained, and without heavy weapons


Question: Scott Straus 12

No Africa war and no impact to instability

Scott Straus 12, professor of politics at the University of Wisconsin, “Wars Do End! Changing Patterns of Political Violence in Sub-Saharan Africa,” afraf.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2012/03/01/afraf.ads015.full

Civil wars in Africa, declined steeply there are half as many as the 1990s the change is not recognized More characteristic are low-level insurgencies  in groups tend to be small internally divided, poorly trained, and without heavy weapons


Question: Africa wars declining

No Africa war and no impact to instability

Scott Straus 12, professor of politics at the University of Wisconsin, “Wars Do End! Changing Patterns of Political Violence in Sub-Saharan Africa,” afraf.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2012/03/01/afraf.ads015.full

Civil wars in Africa, declined steeply there are half as many as the 1990s the change is not recognized More characteristic are low-level insurgencies  in groups tend to be small internally divided, poorly trained, and without heavy weapons


Question: Civil wars in Africa declined

No Africa war and no impact to instability

Scott Straus 12, professor of politics at the University of Wisconsin, “Wars Do End! Changing Patterns of Political Violence in Sub-Saharan Africa,” afraf.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2012/03/01/afraf.ads015.full

Civil wars in Africa, declined steeply there are half as many as the 1990s the change is not recognized More characteristic are low-level insurgencies  in groups tend to be small internally divided, poorly trained, and without heavy weapons


Question: no impact to instability

No Africa war and no impact to instability

Scott Straus 12, professor of politics at the University of Wisconsin, “Wars Do End! Changing Patterns of Political Violence in Sub-Saharan Africa,” afraf.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2012/03/01/afraf.ads015.full

Civil wars in Africa, declined steeply there are half as many as the 1990s the change is not recognized More characteristic are low-level insurgencies  in groups tend to be small internally divided, poorly trained, and without heavy weapons


Question: bioenergy net increase in emissions

2---The link alone turns warming---bioenergy is a net-increase in emissions and lost sequestration.

Stashwick 21 [Sasha Stashwick, Sami Yassa, Nathanael Greene, October 2021. Natural Resources Defense Council “A BAD BIOMASS BET WHY THE LEADING APPROACH TO BIOMASS ENERGY WITH CARBON CAPTURE AND STORAGE ISN’T CARBON NEGATIVE” https://www.nrdc.org/sites/default/files/bad-biomass-bet-beccs-ib.pdf Accessed 8.8.2024///mosuQ]

maintaining current sequestered carbon is not enough All pathways to address climate involve enhancing forest carbon sinks . bioenergy does not even maintain sequestration leads to a net shift of carbon that lasts for decades. Forgone sequestration is a significant source of emissions we must immediately reduce emissions biopower would do the opposite biopower leads to  370 kg of forgone sequestration natural gas emits 360


Question: stashwick bioenergy bad

2---The link alone turns warming---bioenergy is a net-increase in emissions and lost sequestration.

Stashwick 21 [Sasha Stashwick, Sami Yassa, Nathanael Greene, October 2021. Natural Resources Defense Council “A BAD BIOMASS BET WHY THE LEADING APPROACH TO BIOMASS ENERGY WITH CARBON CAPTURE AND STORAGE ISN’T CARBON NEGATIVE” https://www.nrdc.org/sites/default/files/bad-biomass-bet-beccs-ib.pdf Accessed 8.8.2024///mosuQ]

maintaining current sequestered carbon is not enough All pathways to address climate involve enhancing forest carbon sinks . bioenergy does not even maintain sequestration leads to a net shift of carbon that lasts for decades. Forgone sequestration is a significant source of emissions we must immediately reduce emissions biopower would do the opposite biopower leads to  370 kg of forgone sequestration natural gas emits 360


Question: Sasha Stashwick bioenergy

2---The link alone turns warming---bioenergy is a net-increase in emissions and lost sequestration.

Stashwick 21 [Sasha Stashwick, Sami Yassa, Nathanael Greene, October 2021. Natural Resources Defense Council “A BAD BIOMASS BET WHY THE LEADING APPROACH TO BIOMASS ENERGY WITH CARBON CAPTURE AND STORAGE ISN’T CARBON NEGATIVE” https://www.nrdc.org/sites/default/files/bad-biomass-bet-beccs-ib.pdf Accessed 8.8.2024///mosuQ]

maintaining current sequestered carbon is not enough All pathways to address climate involve enhancing forest carbon sinks . bioenergy does not even maintain sequestration leads to a net shift of carbon that lasts for decades. Forgone sequestration is a significant source of emissions we must immediately reduce emissions biopower would do the opposite biopower leads to  370 kg of forgone sequestration natural gas emits 360