[ { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "A new four-note theme tune was introduced alongside the package, based around the network's \"We Love TV\" image campaign introduced that year, creating an audio signature on par with the NBC chimes, CBS' various three-note soundmarks (including the current version used since 2000) and the Fox Fanfare.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The four-note signature has been updated with every television season thereafter (though variants of it used since the 1998\u201399 season remain in use during the production company vanity cards shown following the closing credits of most programs).", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "In the fall of 2015, ABC is stopped with its 1998\u20132002 four-note jingles for promotions and production company vanity cards following the closing credits of most of its programs over seventeen years, now it have a different and adventure-type music (with the drums of the network's four-note signature in the ending).", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The old four-note theme tune is still used by ABC on Demand to the beginning of the ABC show.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "In 1998, the network began using a minimalist graphical identity, designed by Pittard Sullivan, featuring a small black-and-white \"ABC Circle\" logo on a yellow background (promotions during this time also featured a sequence of still photos of the stars of its programs during the timeslot card as well as the schedule sequence that began each night's prime time lineup).", "score": 0.7322824330299744, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Who designed ABC's 1998 new graphic design?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nIn 1998, the network began using a minimalist graphical identity, designed by Pittard Sullivan, featuring a small black-and-white \"ABC Circle\" logo on a yellow background (promotions during this time also featured a sequence of still photos of the stars of its programs during the timeslot card as well as the schedule sequence that began each night's prime time lineup). A new four-note theme tune was introduced alongside the package, based around the network's \"We Love TV\" image campaign introduced that year, creating an audio signature on par with the NBC chimes, CBS' various three-note soundmarks (including the current version used since 2000) and the Fox Fanfare. The four-note signature has been updated with every television season thereafter (though variants of it used since the 1998\u201399 season remain in use during the production company vanity cards shown following the closing credits of most programs). In the fall of 2015, ABC is stopped with its 1998\u20132002 four-note jingles for promotions and production company vanity cards following the closing credits of most of its programs over seventeen years, now it have a different and adventure-type music (with the drums of the network's four-note signature in the ending). The old four-note theme tune is still used by ABC on Demand to the beginning of the ABC show.\nQuestion:\nWho designed ABC's 1998 new graphic design?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " Pittard Sullivan" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Some of the oldest schools in South Africa are private church schools that were established by missionaries in the early nineteenth century.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The private sector has grown ever since.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "After the abolition of apartheid, the laws governing private education in South Africa changed significantly.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The South African Schools Act of 1996 recognises two categories of schools: \"public\" (state-controlled) and \"independent\" (which includes traditional private schools and schools which are privately governed[clarification needed].)", "score": 0.6477604237178934, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "In what year was the South African Schools Act passed?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nSome of the oldest schools in South Africa are private church schools that were established by missionaries in the early nineteenth century. The private sector has grown ever since. After the abolition of apartheid, the laws governing private education in South Africa changed significantly. The South African Schools Act of 1996 recognises two categories of schools: \"public\" (state-controlled) and \"independent\" (which includes traditional private schools and schools which are privately governed[clarification needed].)\nQuestion:\nIn what year was the South African Schools Act passed?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " 1996" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Jacksonville has suffered less damage from hurricanes than most other east coast cities, although the threat does exist for a direct hit by a major hurricane.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The city has only received one direct hit from a hurricane since 1871; however, Jacksonville has experienced hurricane or near-hurricane conditions more than a dozen times due to storms crossing the state from the Gulf of Mexico to the Atlantic Ocean, or passing to the north or south in the Atlantic and brushing past the area.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The strongest effect on Jacksonville was from Hurricane Dora in 1964, the only recorded storm to hit the First Coast with sustained hurricane-force winds.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Jacksonville also suffered damage from 2008's Tropical Storm Fay which crisscrossed the state, bringing parts of Jacksonville under darkness for four days.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Similarly, four years prior to this, Jacksonville was inundated by Hurricane Frances and Hurricane Jeanne, which made landfall south of the area.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "These tropical cyclones were the costliest indirect hits to Jacksonville.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Hurricane Floyd in 1999 caused damage mainly to Jacksonville Beach.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "During Floyd, the Jacksonville Beach pier was severely damaged, and later demolished.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The rebuilt pier was later damaged by Fay, but not destroyed.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Tropical Storm Bonnie would cause minor damage in 2004, spawning a minor tornado in the process.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "On May 28, 2012, Jacksonville was hit by Tropical Storm Beryl, packing winds up to 70 miles per hour (113 km/h) which made landfall near Jacksonville Beach.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The eye crossed St. Augustine with winds that had just barely diminished to 110 mph (180 km/h), making it a strong Category 2 on the Saffir-Simpson Scale.", "score": 0.7383895830150575, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "What is the scale used to measure the strength of hurricanes called?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nJacksonville has suffered less damage from hurricanes than most other east coast cities, although the threat does exist for a direct hit by a major hurricane. The city has only received one direct hit from a hurricane since 1871; however, Jacksonville has experienced hurricane or near-hurricane conditions more than a dozen times due to storms crossing the state from the Gulf of Mexico to the Atlantic Ocean, or passing to the north or south in the Atlantic and brushing past the area. The strongest effect on Jacksonville was from Hurricane Dora in 1964, the only recorded storm to hit the First Coast with sustained hurricane-force winds. The eye crossed St. Augustine with winds that had just barely diminished to 110 mph (180 km/h), making it a strong Category 2 on the Saffir-Simpson Scale. Jacksonville also suffered damage from 2008's Tropical Storm Fay which crisscrossed the state, bringing parts of Jacksonville under darkness for four days. Similarly, four years prior to this, Jacksonville was inundated by Hurricane Frances and Hurricane Jeanne, which made landfall south of the area. These tropical cyclones were the costliest indirect hits to Jacksonville. Hurricane Floyd in 1999 caused damage mainly to Jacksonville Beach. During Floyd, the Jacksonville Beach pier was severely damaged, and later demolished. The rebuilt pier was later damaged by Fay, but not destroyed. Tropical Storm Bonnie would cause minor damage in 2004, spawning a minor tornado in the process. On May 28, 2012, Jacksonville was hit by Tropical Storm Beryl, packing winds up to 70 miles per hour (113 km/h) which made landfall near Jacksonville Beach.\nQuestion:\nWhat is the scale used to measure the strength of hurricanes called?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " Saffir-Simpson Scale" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "In the United States, each state determines the requirements for getting a license to teach in public schools.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Teaching certification generally lasts three years, but teachers can receive certificates that last as long as ten years.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Public school teachers are required to have a bachelor's degree and the majority must be certified by the state in which they teach.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Additionally, the requirements for substitute/temporary teachers are generally not as rigorous as those for full-time professionals.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The Bureau of Labor Statistics estimates that there are 1.4 million elementary school teachers, 674,000 middle school teachers, and 1 million secondary school teachers employed in the U.S.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Who may not require that its teachers be certified?", "score": 0.8589276030671663, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Many charter schools do not require that their teachers be certified, provided they meet the standards to be highly qualified as set by No Child Left Behind.", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nIn the United States, each state determines the requirements for getting a license to teach in public schools. Teaching certification generally lasts three years, but teachers can receive certificates that last as long as ten years. Public school teachers are required to have a bachelor's degree and the majority must be certified by the state in which they teach. Many charter schools do not require that their teachers be certified, provided they meet the standards to be highly qualified as set by No Child Left Behind. Additionally, the requirements for substitute/temporary teachers are generally not as rigorous as those for full-time professionals. The Bureau of Labor Statistics estimates that there are 1.4 million elementary school teachers, 674,000 middle school teachers, and 1 million secondary school teachers employed in the U.S.\nQuestion:\nWho may not require that its teachers be certified?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " charter schools" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The Panthers defense gave up just 308 points, ranking sixth in the league, while also leading the NFL in interceptions with 24 and boasting four Pro Bowl selections.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Fellow lineman Mario Addison added 6\u00bd sacks.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The Panthers line also featured veteran defensive end Jared Allen, a 5-time pro bowler who was the NFL's active career sack leader with 136, along with defensive end Kony Ealy, who had 5 sacks in just 9 starts.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Behind them, two of the Panthers three starting linebackers were also selected to play in the Pro Bowl: Thomas Davis and Luke Kuechly.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Davis compiled 5\u00bd sacks, four forced fumbles, and four interceptions, while Kuechly led the team in tackles (118) forced two fumbles, and intercepted four passes of his own.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Carolina's secondary featured Pro Bowl safety Kurt Coleman, who led the team with a career high seven interceptions, while also racking up 88 tackles and Pro Bowl cornerback Josh Norman, who developed into a shutdown corner during the season and had four interceptions, two of which were returned for touchdowns.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Pro Bowl defensive tackle Kawann Short led the team in sacks with 11, while also forcing three fumbles and recovering two.", "score": 0.6898560949403135, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Who registered the most sacks on the team this season?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nThe Panthers defense gave up just 308 points, ranking sixth in the league, while also leading the NFL in interceptions with 24 and boasting four Pro Bowl selections. Pro Bowl defensive tackle Kawann Short led the team in sacks with 11, while also forcing three fumbles and recovering two. Fellow lineman Mario Addison added 6\u00bd sacks. The Panthers line also featured veteran defensive end Jared Allen, a 5-time pro bowler who was the NFL's active career sack leader with 136, along with defensive end Kony Ealy, who had 5 sacks in just 9 starts. Behind them, two of the Panthers three starting linebackers were also selected to play in the Pro Bowl: Thomas Davis and Luke Kuechly. Davis compiled 5\u00bd sacks, four forced fumbles, and four interceptions, while Kuechly led the team in tackles (118) forced two fumbles, and intercepted four passes of his own. Carolina's secondary featured Pro Bowl safety Kurt Coleman, who led the team with a career high seven interceptions, while also racking up 88 tackles and Pro Bowl cornerback Josh Norman, who developed into a shutdown corner during the season and had four interceptions, two of which were returned for touchdowns.\nQuestion:\nWho registered the most sacks on the team this season?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " Kawann Short" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The principal Treaties that form the European Union began with common rules for coal and steel, and then atomic energy, but more complete and formal institutions were established through the Treaty of Rome 1957 and the Maastricht Treaty 1992 (now: TFEU).", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Minor amendments were made during the 1960s and 1970s.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Major amending treaties were signed to complete the development of a single, internal market in the Single European Act 1986, to further the development of a more social Europe in the Treaty of Amsterdam 1997, and to make minor amendments to the relative power of member states in the EU institutions in the Treaty of Nice 2001 and the Treaty of Lisbon 2007.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Since its establishment, more member states have joined through a series of accession treaties, from the UK, Ireland, Denmark and Norway in 1972 (though Norway did not end up joining), Greece in 1979, Spain and Portugal 1985, Austria, Finland, Norway and Sweden in 1994 (though again Norway failed to join, because of lack of support in the referendum), the Czech Republic, Cyprus, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slovakia and Slovenia in 2004, Romania and Bulgaria in 2007 and Croatia in 2013.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Greenland signed a Treaty in 1985 giving it a special status.", "score": 0.7556155024548846, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Which country in 1985 signed a treaty to give it special status?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nThe principal Treaties that form the European Union began with common rules for coal and steel, and then atomic energy, but more complete and formal institutions were established through the Treaty of Rome 1957 and the Maastricht Treaty 1992 (now: TFEU). Minor amendments were made during the 1960s and 1970s. Major amending treaties were signed to complete the development of a single, internal market in the Single European Act 1986, to further the development of a more social Europe in the Treaty of Amsterdam 1997, and to make minor amendments to the relative power of member states in the EU institutions in the Treaty of Nice 2001 and the Treaty of Lisbon 2007. Since its establishment, more member states have joined through a series of accession treaties, from the UK, Ireland, Denmark and Norway in 1972 (though Norway did not end up joining), Greece in 1979, Spain and Portugal 1985, Austria, Finland, Norway and Sweden in 1994 (though again Norway failed to join, because of lack of support in the referendum), the Czech Republic, Cyprus, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slovakia and Slovenia in 2004, Romania and Bulgaria in 2007 and Croatia in 2013. Greenland signed a Treaty in 1985 giving it a special status.\nQuestion:\nWhich country in 1985 signed a treaty to give it special status?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " Greenland" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Where it was once the case that pharmacists stayed within the dispensary compounding/dispensing medications, there has been an increasing trend towards the use of trained pharmacy technicians while the pharmacist spends more time communicating with patients.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Pharmacy technicians are now more dependent upon automation to assist them in their new role dealing with patients' prescriptions and patient safety issues.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "What is the dispensary subject to in a majority of countries?", "score": 0.9318775619774042, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "In most countries, the dispensary is subject to pharmacy legislation; with requirements for storage conditions, compulsory texts, equipment, etc., specified in legislation.", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nIn most countries, the dispensary is subject to pharmacy legislation; with requirements for storage conditions, compulsory texts, equipment, etc., specified in legislation. Where it was once the case that pharmacists stayed within the dispensary compounding/dispensing medications, there has been an increasing trend towards the use of trained pharmacy technicians while the pharmacist spends more time communicating with patients. Pharmacy technicians are now more dependent upon automation to assist them in their new role dealing with patients' prescriptions and patient safety issues.\nQuestion:\nWhat is the dispensary subject to in a majority of countries?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " pharmacy legislation" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The first commercially viable process for producing liquid oxygen was independently developed in 1895 by German engineer Carl von Linde and British engineer William Hampson.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Both men lowered the temperature of air until it liquefied and then distilled the component gases by boiling them off one at a time and capturing them.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Later, in 1901, oxyacetylene welding was demonstrated for the first time by burning a mixture of acetylene and compressed O", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "2.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "This method of welding and cutting metal later became common.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "In 1891 Scottish chemist James Dewar was able to produce enough liquid oxygen to study.", "score": 0.6613553764791679, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "In what year did Dewar experiment on liquid oxygen?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nIn 1891 Scottish chemist James Dewar was able to produce enough liquid oxygen to study. The first commercially viable process for producing liquid oxygen was independently developed in 1895 by German engineer Carl von Linde and British engineer William Hampson. Both men lowered the temperature of air until it liquefied and then distilled the component gases by boiling them off one at a time and capturing them. Later, in 1901, oxyacetylene welding was demonstrated for the first time by burning a mixture of acetylene and compressed O\n2. This method of welding and cutting metal later became common.\nQuestion:\nIn what year did Dewar experiment on liquid oxygen?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " 1891" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The relationship of ctenophores to the rest of Metazoa is very important to our understanding of the early evolution of animals and the origin of multicellularity.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "It has been the focus of debate for many years.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Ctenophores have been purported to be the sister lineage to the Bilateria, sister to the Cnidaria, sister to Cnidaria, Placozoa and Bilateria, and sister to all other animal phyla.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "A series of studies that looked at the presence and absence of members of gene families and signalling pathways (e.g., homeoboxes, nuclear receptors, the Wnt signaling pathway, and sodium channels) showed evidence congruent with the latter two scenarios, that ctenophores are either sister to Cnidaria, Placozoa and Bilateria or sister to all other animal phyla.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "This position would suggest that neural and muscle cell types were either lost in major animal lineages (e.g., Porifera) or that they evolved independently in the ctenophore lineage.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "However, other researchers have argued that the placement of Ctenophora as sister to all other animals is a statistical anomaly caused by the high rate of evolution in ctenophore genomes, and that Porifera (sponges) is the earliest-diverging animal phylum instead.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Ctenophores and sponges are also the only known animal phyla that lack any true hox genes.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Several more recent studies comparing complete sequenced genomes of ctenophores with other sequenced animal genomes have also supported ctenophores as the sister lineage to all other animals.", "score": 0.707806650573662, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Recent studies believe that ctenophores are the sister lineage to what?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nThe relationship of ctenophores to the rest of Metazoa is very important to our understanding of the early evolution of animals and the origin of multicellularity. It has been the focus of debate for many years. Ctenophores have been purported to be the sister lineage to the Bilateria, sister to the Cnidaria, sister to Cnidaria, Placozoa and Bilateria, and sister to all other animal phyla. A series of studies that looked at the presence and absence of members of gene families and signalling pathways (e.g., homeoboxes, nuclear receptors, the Wnt signaling pathway, and sodium channels) showed evidence congruent with the latter two scenarios, that ctenophores are either sister to Cnidaria, Placozoa and Bilateria or sister to all other animal phyla. Several more recent studies comparing complete sequenced genomes of ctenophores with other sequenced animal genomes have also supported ctenophores as the sister lineage to all other animals. This position would suggest that neural and muscle cell types were either lost in major animal lineages (e.g., Porifera) or that they evolved independently in the ctenophore lineage. However, other researchers have argued that the placement of Ctenophora as sister to all other animals is a statistical anomaly caused by the high rate of evolution in ctenophore genomes, and that Porifera (sponges) is the earliest-diverging animal phylum instead. Ctenophores and sponges are also the only known animal phyla that lack any true hox genes.\nQuestion:\nRecent studies believe that ctenophores are the sister lineage to what?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " all other animals" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "In 2010 the Amazon rainforest experienced another severe drought, in some ways more extreme than the 2005 drought.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The 2010 drought had three epicenters where vegetation died off, whereas in 2005 the drought was focused on the southwestern part.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The findings were published in the journal Science.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "In a typical year the Amazon absorbs 1.5 gigatons of carbon dioxide; during 2005 instead 5 gigatons were released and in 2010 8 gigatons were released.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The affected region was approximate 1,160,000 square miles (3,000,000 km2) of rainforest, compared to 734,000 square miles (1,900,000 km2) in 2005.", "score": 0.20811006551536337, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "How many square miles large was the region impacted by the 2010 drought?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nIn 2010 the Amazon rainforest experienced another severe drought, in some ways more extreme than the 2005 drought. The affected region was approximate 1,160,000 square miles (3,000,000 km2) of rainforest, compared to 734,000 square miles (1,900,000 km2) in 2005. The 2010 drought had three epicenters where vegetation died off, whereas in 2005 the drought was focused on the southwestern part. The findings were published in the journal Science. In a typical year the Amazon absorbs 1.5 gigatons of carbon dioxide; during 2005 instead 5 gigatons were released and in 2010 8 gigatons were released.\nQuestion:\nHow many square miles large was the region impacted by the 2010 drought?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " 1,160,000" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "In business, notable alumni include Microsoft CEO Satya Nadella, Oracle Corporation founder and the third richest man in America Larry Ellison, Goldman Sachs and MF Global CEO as well as former Governor of New Jersey Jon Corzine, McKinsey & Company founder and author of the first management accounting textbook James O. McKinsey, Arley D. Cathey, Bloomberg L.P. CEO Daniel Doctoroff, Credit Suisse CEO Brady Dougan, Morningstar, Inc. founder and CEO Joe Mansueto, Chicago Cubs owner and chairman Thomas S. Ricketts, and NBA commissioner Adam Silver.", "score": 0.715273649007867, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Who is the third riches man in America?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nIn business, notable alumni include Microsoft CEO Satya Nadella, Oracle Corporation founder and the third richest man in America Larry Ellison, Goldman Sachs and MF Global CEO as well as former Governor of New Jersey Jon Corzine, McKinsey & Company founder and author of the first management accounting textbook James O. McKinsey, Arley D. Cathey, Bloomberg L.P. CEO Daniel Doctoroff, Credit Suisse CEO Brady Dougan, Morningstar, Inc. founder and CEO Joe Mansueto, Chicago Cubs owner and chairman Thomas S. Ricketts, and NBA commissioner Adam Silver.\nQuestion:\nWho is the third riches man in America?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " Larry Ellison" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The Standard Industrial Classification and the newer North American Industry Classification System have a classification system for companies that perform or otherwise engage in construction.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "To recognize the differences of companies in this sector, it is divided into three subsectors: building construction, heavy and civil engineering construction, and specialty trade contractors.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "What are construction managers?", "score": 0.5216021262685762, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "There are also categories for construction service firms (e.g., engineering, architecture) and construction managers (firms engaged in managing construction projects without assuming direct financial responsibility for completion of the construction project).", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nThe Standard Industrial Classification and the newer North American Industry Classification System have a classification system for companies that perform or otherwise engage in construction. To recognize the differences of companies in this sector, it is divided into three subsectors: building construction, heavy and civil engineering construction, and specialty trade contractors. There are also categories for construction service firms (e.g., engineering, architecture) and construction managers (firms engaged in managing construction projects without assuming direct financial responsibility for completion of the construction project).\nQuestion:\nWhat are construction managers?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " firms engaged in managing construction projects without assuming direct financial responsibility for completion of the construction project" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "After Washington had returned to Williamsburg, Dinwiddie ordered him to lead a larger force to assist Trent in his work.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "While en route, Washington learned of Trent's retreat.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Since Tanaghrisson had promised support to the British, Washington continued toward Fort Duquesne and met with the Mingo leader.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Learning of a French scouting party in the area, Washington, with Tanaghrisson and his party, surprised the Canadians on May 28 in what became known as the Battle of Jumonville Glen.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The historian Fred Anderson suggests that Tanaghrisson was acting to gain the support of the British and regain authority over his own people.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "They had been inclined to support the French, with whom they had long trading relationships.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "One of Tanaghrisson's men told Contrecoeur that Jumonville had been killed by British musket fire.", "score": 0.5513941932153223, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "They killed many of the Canadians, including their commanding officer, Joseph Coulon de Jumonville, whose head was reportedly split open by Tanaghrisson with a tomahawk.", "score": 0.7109670760401338, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "What were casualties of battle?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nAfter Washington had returned to Williamsburg, Dinwiddie ordered him to lead a larger force to assist Trent in his work. While en route, Washington learned of Trent's retreat. Since Tanaghrisson had promised support to the British, Washington continued toward Fort Duquesne and met with the Mingo leader. Learning of a French scouting party in the area, Washington, with Tanaghrisson and his party, surprised the Canadians on May 28 in what became known as the Battle of Jumonville Glen. They killed many of the Canadians, including their commanding officer, Joseph Coulon de Jumonville, whose head was reportedly split open by Tanaghrisson with a tomahawk. The historian Fred Anderson suggests that Tanaghrisson was acting to gain the support of the British and regain authority over his own people. They had been inclined to support the French, with whom they had long trading relationships. One of Tanaghrisson's men told Contrecoeur that Jumonville had been killed by British musket fire.\nQuestion:\nWhat were casualties of battle?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " They killed many of the Canadians, including their commanding officer, Joseph Coulon de Jumonville" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Jacksonville has suffered less damage from hurricanes than most other east coast cities, although the threat does exist for a direct hit by a major hurricane.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The city has only received one direct hit from a hurricane since 1871; however, Jacksonville has experienced hurricane or near-hurricane conditions more than a dozen times due to storms crossing the state from the Gulf of Mexico to the Atlantic Ocean, or passing to the north or south in the Atlantic and brushing past the area.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The strongest effect on Jacksonville was from Hurricane Dora in 1964, the only recorded storm to hit the First Coast with sustained hurricane-force winds.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Jacksonville also suffered damage from 2008's Tropical Storm Fay which crisscrossed the state, bringing parts of Jacksonville under darkness for four days.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Similarly, four years prior to this, Jacksonville was inundated by Hurricane Frances and Hurricane Jeanne, which made landfall south of the area.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "These tropical cyclones were the costliest indirect hits to Jacksonville.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Hurricane Floyd in 1999 caused damage mainly to Jacksonville Beach.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "During Floyd, the Jacksonville Beach pier was severely damaged, and later demolished.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The rebuilt pier was later damaged by Fay, but not destroyed.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Tropical Storm Bonnie would cause minor damage in 2004, spawning a minor tornado in the process.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "On May 28, 2012, Jacksonville was hit by Tropical Storm Beryl, packing winds up to 70 miles per hour (113 km/h) which made landfall near Jacksonville Beach.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The eye crossed St. Augustine with winds that had just barely diminished to 110 mph (180 km/h), making it a strong Category 2 on the Saffir-Simpson Scale.", "score": 0.7383895830150575, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "What is the scale used to measure the strength of hurricanes called?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nJacksonville has suffered less damage from hurricanes than most other east coast cities, although the threat does exist for a direct hit by a major hurricane. The city has only received one direct hit from a hurricane since 1871; however, Jacksonville has experienced hurricane or near-hurricane conditions more than a dozen times due to storms crossing the state from the Gulf of Mexico to the Atlantic Ocean, or passing to the north or south in the Atlantic and brushing past the area. The strongest effect on Jacksonville was from Hurricane Dora in 1964, the only recorded storm to hit the First Coast with sustained hurricane-force winds. The eye crossed St. Augustine with winds that had just barely diminished to 110 mph (180 km/h), making it a strong Category 2 on the Saffir-Simpson Scale. Jacksonville also suffered damage from 2008's Tropical Storm Fay which crisscrossed the state, bringing parts of Jacksonville under darkness for four days. Similarly, four years prior to this, Jacksonville was inundated by Hurricane Frances and Hurricane Jeanne, which made landfall south of the area. These tropical cyclones were the costliest indirect hits to Jacksonville. Hurricane Floyd in 1999 caused damage mainly to Jacksonville Beach. During Floyd, the Jacksonville Beach pier was severely damaged, and later demolished. The rebuilt pier was later damaged by Fay, but not destroyed. Tropical Storm Bonnie would cause minor damage in 2004, spawning a minor tornado in the process. On May 28, 2012, Jacksonville was hit by Tropical Storm Beryl, packing winds up to 70 miles per hour (113 km/h) which made landfall near Jacksonville Beach.\nQuestion:\nWhat is the scale used to measure the strength of hurricanes called?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " Saffir-Simpson Scale" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "With 4:51 left in regulation, Carolina got the ball on their own 24-yard line with a chance to mount a game-winning drive, and soon faced 3rd-and-9.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Although several players dove into the pile to attempt to recover it, Newton did not and his lack of aggression later earned him heavy criticism.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Meanwhile, Denver's offense was kept out of the end zone for three plays, but a holding penalty on cornerback Josh Norman gave the Broncos a new set of downs.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Then Anderson scored on a 2-yard touchdown run and Manning completed a pass to Bennie Fowler for a 2-point conversion, giving Denver a 24\u201310 lead with 3:08 left and essentially putting the game away.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Carolina had two more drives, but failed to get a first down on each one.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "On the next play, Miller stripped the ball away from Newton, and after several players dove for it, it took a long bounce backwards and was recovered by Ward, who returned it five yards to the Panthers 4-yard line.", "score": 0.6338179200180194, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Who recovered the strip ball?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nWith 4:51 left in regulation, Carolina got the ball on their own 24-yard line with a chance to mount a game-winning drive, and soon faced 3rd-and-9. On the next play, Miller stripped the ball away from Newton, and after several players dove for it, it took a long bounce backwards and was recovered by Ward, who returned it five yards to the Panthers 4-yard line. Although several players dove into the pile to attempt to recover it, Newton did not and his lack of aggression later earned him heavy criticism. Meanwhile, Denver's offense was kept out of the end zone for three plays, but a holding penalty on cornerback Josh Norman gave the Broncos a new set of downs. Then Anderson scored on a 2-yard touchdown run and Manning completed a pass to Bennie Fowler for a 2-point conversion, giving Denver a 24\u201310 lead with 3:08 left and essentially putting the game away. Carolina had two more drives, but failed to get a first down on each one.\nQuestion:\nWho recovered the strip ball?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " Ward" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Politics: U.N. Secretary General Ban Ki-moon; American political leaders John Hancock, John Adams, John Quincy Adams, Rutherford B. Hayes, Theodore Roosevelt, Franklin D. Roosevelt, John F. Kennedy, Al Gore, George W. Bush and Barack Obama; Chilean President Sebasti\u00e1n Pi\u00f1era; Colombian President Juan Manuel Santos; Costa Rican President Jos\u00e9 Mar\u00eda Figueres; Mexican Presidents Felipe Calder\u00f3n, Carlos Salinas de Gortari and Miguel de la Madrid; Mongolian President Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj; Peruvian President Alejandro Toledo; Taiwanese President Ma Ying-jeou; Canadian Governor General David Lloyd Johnston; Indian Member of Parliament Jayant Sinha; Albanian Prime Minister Fan S. Noli; Canadian Prime Ministers Mackenzie King and Pierre Trudeau; Greek Prime Minister Antonis Samaras; Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu; former Pakistani Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto; U. S. Secretary of Housing and Urban Development Shaun Donovan; Canadian political leader Michael Ignatieff; Pakistani Members of Provincial Assembly Murtaza Bhutto and Sanam Bhutto; Bangladesh Minister of Finance Abul Maal Abdul Muhith; President of Puntland Abdiweli Mohamed Ali; U.S. Ambassador to the European Union Anthony Luzzatto Gardner.", "score": 0.6555377399445069, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Who is the Costa Rican President that went to Harvard?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nPolitics: U.N. Secretary General Ban Ki-moon; American political leaders John Hancock, John Adams, John Quincy Adams, Rutherford B. Hayes, Theodore Roosevelt, Franklin D. Roosevelt, John F. Kennedy, Al Gore, George W. Bush and Barack Obama; Chilean President Sebasti\u00e1n Pi\u00f1era; Colombian President Juan Manuel Santos; Costa Rican President Jos\u00e9 Mar\u00eda Figueres; Mexican Presidents Felipe Calder\u00f3n, Carlos Salinas de Gortari and Miguel de la Madrid; Mongolian President Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj; Peruvian President Alejandro Toledo; Taiwanese President Ma Ying-jeou; Canadian Governor General David Lloyd Johnston; Indian Member of Parliament Jayant Sinha; Albanian Prime Minister Fan S. Noli; Canadian Prime Ministers Mackenzie King and Pierre Trudeau; Greek Prime Minister Antonis Samaras; Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu; former Pakistani Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto; U. S. Secretary of Housing and Urban Development Shaun Donovan; Canadian political leader Michael Ignatieff; Pakistani Members of Provincial Assembly Murtaza Bhutto and Sanam Bhutto; Bangladesh Minister of Finance Abul Maal Abdul Muhith; President of Puntland Abdiweli Mohamed Ali; U.S. Ambassador to the European Union Anthony Luzzatto Gardner.\nQuestion:\nWho is the Costa Rican President that went to Harvard?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " Jos\u00e9 Mara Figueres" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "After Washington had returned to Williamsburg, Dinwiddie ordered him to lead a larger force to assist Trent in his work.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "While en route, Washington learned of Trent's retreat.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Since Tanaghrisson had promised support to the British, Washington continued toward Fort Duquesne and met with the Mingo leader.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "They killed many of the Canadians, including their commanding officer, Joseph Coulon de Jumonville, whose head was reportedly split open by Tanaghrisson with a tomahawk.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The historian Fred Anderson suggests that Tanaghrisson was acting to gain the support of the British and regain authority over his own people.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "They had been inclined to support the French, with whom they had long trading relationships.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "One of Tanaghrisson's men told Contrecoeur that Jumonville had been killed by British musket fire.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Upon learning of a French scounting party in the area, what did Washington do?", "score": 0.8273772431711609, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Learning of a French scouting party in the area, Washington, with Tanaghrisson and his party, surprised the Canadians on May 28 in what became known as the Battle of Jumonville Glen.", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nAfter Washington had returned to Williamsburg, Dinwiddie ordered him to lead a larger force to assist Trent in his work. While en route, Washington learned of Trent's retreat. Since Tanaghrisson had promised support to the British, Washington continued toward Fort Duquesne and met with the Mingo leader. Learning of a French scouting party in the area, Washington, with Tanaghrisson and his party, surprised the Canadians on May 28 in what became known as the Battle of Jumonville Glen. They killed many of the Canadians, including their commanding officer, Joseph Coulon de Jumonville, whose head was reportedly split open by Tanaghrisson with a tomahawk. The historian Fred Anderson suggests that Tanaghrisson was acting to gain the support of the British and regain authority over his own people. They had been inclined to support the French, with whom they had long trading relationships. One of Tanaghrisson's men told Contrecoeur that Jumonville had been killed by British musket fire.\nQuestion:\nUpon learning of a French scounting party in the area, what did Washington do?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " surprised the Canadians" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "A 1996 study by Perotti examined the channels through which inequality may affect economic growth.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "He showed that, in accordance with the credit market imperfection approach, inequality is associated with lower level of human capital formation (education, experience, and apprenticeship) and higher level of fertility, and thereby lower levels of growth.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "He found that inequality is associated with higher levels of redistributive taxation, which is associated with lower levels of growth from reductions in private savings and investment.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Perotti concluded that, \"more equal societies have lower fertility rates and higher rates of investment in education.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Both are reflected in higher rates of growth.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Also, very unequal societies tend to be politically and socially unstable, which is reflected in lower rates of investment and therefore growth.\"", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "In 1993, Galor and Zeira showed that inequality in the presence of credit market imperfections has a long lasting detrimental effect on human capital formation and economic development.", "score": 0.44447178426221967, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Inequality in the presence of credit market imperfections has what kind of effect on human capital formation?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nIn 1993, Galor and Zeira showed that inequality in the presence of credit market imperfections has a long lasting detrimental effect on human capital formation and economic development. A 1996 study by Perotti examined the channels through which inequality may affect economic growth. He showed that, in accordance with the credit market imperfection approach, inequality is associated with lower level of human capital formation (education, experience, and apprenticeship) and higher level of fertility, and thereby lower levels of growth. He found that inequality is associated with higher levels of redistributive taxation, which is associated with lower levels of growth from reductions in private savings and investment. Perotti concluded that, \"more equal societies have lower fertility rates and higher rates of investment in education. Both are reflected in higher rates of growth. Also, very unequal societies tend to be politically and socially unstable, which is reflected in lower rates of investment and therefore growth.\"\nQuestion:\nInequality in the presence of credit market imperfections has what kind of effect on human capital formation?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " detrimental" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Warsaw's first stock exchange was established in 1817 and continued trading until World War II.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "It was re-established in April 1991, following the end of the post-war communist control of the country and the reintroduction of a free-market economy.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Today, the Warsaw Stock Exchange (WSE) is, according to many indicators, the largest market in the region, with 374 companies listed and total capitalization of 162 584 mln EUR as of 31 August 2009.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Whose former headquarters was the WSE located in until 2000?", "score": 0.8906206946292201, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "From 1991 until 2000, the stock exchange was, ironically, located in the building previously used as the headquarters of the Polish United Workers' Party (PZPR).", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nWarsaw's first stock exchange was established in 1817 and continued trading until World War II. It was re-established in April 1991, following the end of the post-war communist control of the country and the reintroduction of a free-market economy. Today, the Warsaw Stock Exchange (WSE) is, according to many indicators, the largest market in the region, with 374 companies listed and total capitalization of 162 584 mln EUR as of 31 August 2009. From 1991 until 2000, the stock exchange was, ironically, located in the building previously used as the headquarters of the Polish United Workers' Party (PZPR).\nQuestion:\nWhose former headquarters was the WSE located in until 2000?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " Polish United Workers' Party" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "This approach exploits the fact that in those bands it is possible to discriminate the vegetation's reflectance from its fluorescence, which is much weaker.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The measurement is technically difficult owing to the low signal-to-noise ratio and the physical structure of vegetation; but it has been proposed as a possible method of monitoring the carbon cycle from satellites on a global scale.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Oxygen presents two spectrophotometric absorption bands peaking at the wavelengths 687 and 760 nm.", "score": 0.28418939495578843, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.28418939495578843, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.28418939495578843, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Some remote sensing scientists have proposed using the measurement of the radiance coming from vegetation canopies in those bands to characterize plant health status from a satellite platform.", "score": 0.6966741627676638, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "What style of sensing do scientist like to use to measure global radiance?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nOxygen presents two spectrophotometric absorption bands peaking at the wavelengths 687 and 760 nm. Some remote sensing scientists have proposed using the measurement of the radiance coming from vegetation canopies in those bands to characterize plant health status from a satellite platform. This approach exploits the fact that in those bands it is possible to discriminate the vegetation's reflectance from its fluorescence, which is much weaker. The measurement is technically difficult owing to the low signal-to-noise ratio and the physical structure of vegetation; but it has been proposed as a possible method of monitoring the carbon cycle from satellites on a global scale.\nQuestion:\nWhat style of sensing do scientist like to use to measure global radiance?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " remote sensing" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The university runs a number of academic institutions and programs apart from its undergraduate and postgraduate schools.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "In addition, the Hyde Park Day School, a school for students with learning disabilities, maintains a location on the University of Chicago campus.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Since 1983, the University of Chicago has maintained the University of Chicago School Mathematics Project, a mathematics program used in urban primary and secondary schools.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The university runs a program called the Council on Advanced Studies in the Social Sciences and Humanities, which administers interdisciplinary workshops to provide a forum for graduate students, faculty, and visiting scholars to present scholarly work in progress.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The university also operates the University of Chicago Press, the largest university press in the United States.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "It operates the University of Chicago Laboratory Schools (a private day school for K-12 students and day care), the Sonia Shankman Orthogenic School (a residential treatment program for those with behavioral and emotional problems), and four public charter schools on the South Side of Chicago administered by the university's Urban Education Institute.", "score": 0.7258071633140436, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "How many public charter schools does the university run?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nThe university runs a number of academic institutions and programs apart from its undergraduate and postgraduate schools. It operates the University of Chicago Laboratory Schools (a private day school for K-12 students and day care), the Sonia Shankman Orthogenic School (a residential treatment program for those with behavioral and emotional problems), and four public charter schools on the South Side of Chicago administered by the university's Urban Education Institute. In addition, the Hyde Park Day School, a school for students with learning disabilities, maintains a location on the University of Chicago campus. Since 1983, the University of Chicago has maintained the University of Chicago School Mathematics Project, a mathematics program used in urban primary and secondary schools. The university runs a program called the Council on Advanced Studies in the Social Sciences and Humanities, which administers interdisciplinary workshops to provide a forum for graduate students, faculty, and visiting scholars to present scholarly work in progress. The university also operates the University of Chicago Press, the largest university press in the United States.\nQuestion:\nHow many public charter schools does the university run?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " four" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "In the years after these rumors, neither Tesla nor Edison won the prize (although Edison did receive one of 38 possible bids in 1915 and Tesla did receive one of 38 possible bids in 1937).", "score": 0.40151272474664146, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "In what year did Tesla receive a Nobel Prize bid?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nIn the years after these rumors, neither Tesla nor Edison won the prize (although Edison did receive one of 38 possible bids in 1915 and Tesla did receive one of 38 possible bids in 1937).\nQuestion:\nIn what year did Tesla receive a Nobel Prize bid?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " 1937" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The Internet2 community, in partnership with Qwest, built the first Internet2 Network, called Abilene, in 1998 and was a prime investor in the National LambdaRail (NLR) project.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "In 2006, Internet2 announced a partnership with Level 3 Communications to launch a brand new nationwide network, boosting its capacity from 10 Gbit/s to 100 Gbit/s. In October, 2007, Internet2 officially retired Abilene and now refers to its new, higher capacity network as the Internet2 Network.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "what is Internet2", "score": 0.7914482817187014, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Internet2 is a not-for-profit United States computer networking consortium led by members from the research and education communities, industry, and government.", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nInternet2 is a not-for-profit United States computer networking consortium led by members from the research and education communities, industry, and government. The Internet2 community, in partnership with Qwest, built the first Internet2 Network, called Abilene, in 1998 and was a prime investor in the National LambdaRail (NLR) project. In 2006, Internet2 announced a partnership with Level 3 Communications to launch a brand new nationwide network, boosting its capacity from 10 Gbit/s to 100 Gbit/s. In October, 2007, Internet2 officially retired Abilene and now refers to its new, higher capacity network as the Internet2 Network.\nQuestion:\nwhat is Internet2\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " a not-for-profit United States computer networking consortium" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The name oxygen was coined in 1777 by Antoine Lavoisier, whose experiments with oxygen helped to discredit the then-popular phlogiston theory of combustion and corrosion.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Its name derives from the Greek roots \u1f40\u03be\u03cd\u03c2 oxys, \"acid\", literally \"sharp\", referring to the sour taste of acids and -\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2 -genes, \"producer\", literally \"begetter\", because at the time of naming, it was mistakenly thought that all acids required oxygen in their composition.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Common uses of oxygen includes the production cycle of steel, plastics and textiles, brazing, welding and cutting of steels and other metals, rocket propellant, in oxygen therapy and life support systems in aircraft, submarines, spaceflight and diving.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Oxygen was discovered independently by Carl Wilhelm Scheele, in Uppsala, in 1773 or earlier, and Joseph Priestley in Wiltshire, in 1774, but Priestley is often given priority because his work was published first.", "score": 0.6414221211427436, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "In what year did Joseph Priestley recognize oxygen?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nOxygen was discovered independently by Carl Wilhelm Scheele, in Uppsala, in 1773 or earlier, and Joseph Priestley in Wiltshire, in 1774, but Priestley is often given priority because his work was published first. The name oxygen was coined in 1777 by Antoine Lavoisier, whose experiments with oxygen helped to discredit the then-popular phlogiston theory of combustion and corrosion. Its name derives from the Greek roots \u1f40\u03be\u03cd\u03c2 oxys, \"acid\", literally \"sharp\", referring to the sour taste of acids and -\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2 -genes, \"producer\", literally \"begetter\", because at the time of naming, it was mistakenly thought that all acids required oxygen in their composition. Common uses of oxygen includes the production cycle of steel, plastics and textiles, brazing, welding and cutting of steels and other metals, rocket propellant, in oxygen therapy and life support systems in aircraft, submarines, spaceflight and diving.\nQuestion:\nIn what year did Joseph Priestley recognize oxygen?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " 1774" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The university runs a number of academic institutions and programs apart from its undergraduate and postgraduate schools.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "It operates the University of Chicago Laboratory Schools (a private day school for K-12 students and day care), the Sonia Shankman Orthogenic School (a residential treatment program for those with behavioral and emotional problems), and four public charter schools on the South Side of Chicago administered by the university's Urban Education Institute.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Since 1983, the University of Chicago has maintained the University of Chicago School Mathematics Project, a mathematics program used in urban primary and secondary schools.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The university runs a program called the Council on Advanced Studies in the Social Sciences and Humanities, which administers interdisciplinary workshops to provide a forum for graduate students, faculty, and visiting scholars to present scholarly work in progress.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The university also operates the University of Chicago Press, the largest university press in the United States.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Where is the Hyde Park Day School located?", "score": 0.7231364602081487, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "In addition, the Hyde Park Day School, a school for students with learning disabilities, maintains a location on the University of Chicago campus.", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nThe university runs a number of academic institutions and programs apart from its undergraduate and postgraduate schools. It operates the University of Chicago Laboratory Schools (a private day school for K-12 students and day care), the Sonia Shankman Orthogenic School (a residential treatment program for those with behavioral and emotional problems), and four public charter schools on the South Side of Chicago administered by the university's Urban Education Institute. In addition, the Hyde Park Day School, a school for students with learning disabilities, maintains a location on the University of Chicago campus. Since 1983, the University of Chicago has maintained the University of Chicago School Mathematics Project, a mathematics program used in urban primary and secondary schools. The university runs a program called the Council on Advanced Studies in the Social Sciences and Humanities, which administers interdisciplinary workshops to provide a forum for graduate students, faculty, and visiting scholars to present scholarly work in progress. The university also operates the University of Chicago Press, the largest university press in the United States.\nQuestion:\nWhere is the Hyde Park Day School located?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " University of Chicago campus" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Such qualifications were introduced under the House of Commons Disqualification Act 1975 and the British Nationality Act 1981.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Specifically, members must be over the age of 18 and must be a citizen of the United Kingdom, the Republic of Ireland, one of the countries in the Commonwealth of Nations, a citizen of a British overseas territory, or a European Union citizen resident in the UK.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Members of the police and the armed forces are disqualified from sitting in the Scottish Parliament as elected MSPs, and similarly, civil servants and members of foreign legislatures are disqualified.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "An individual may not sit in the Scottish Parliament if he or she is judged to be insane under the terms of the Mental Health (Care and Treatment) (Scotland) Act 2003.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0781429287186799, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "As in the House of Commons, a number of qualifications apply to being an MSP.", "score": 0.0781429287186799, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "What does being an MSP share with the House of Commons?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nAs in the House of Commons, a number of qualifications apply to being an MSP. Such qualifications were introduced under the House of Commons Disqualification Act 1975 and the British Nationality Act 1981. Specifically, members must be over the age of 18 and must be a citizen of the United Kingdom, the Republic of Ireland, one of the countries in the Commonwealth of Nations, a citizen of a British overseas territory, or a European Union citizen resident in the UK. Members of the police and the armed forces are disqualified from sitting in the Scottish Parliament as elected MSPs, and similarly, civil servants and members of foreign legislatures are disqualified. An individual may not sit in the Scottish Parliament if he or she is judged to be insane under the terms of the Mental Health (Care and Treatment) (Scotland) Act 2003.\nQuestion:\nWhat does being an MSP share with the House of Commons?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " a number of qualifications" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "These chloroplasts, which can be traced back directly to a cyanobacterial ancestor, are known as primary plastids (\"plastid\" in this context means almost the same thing as chloroplast).", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.3021318569967798, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The second two are the largest, and the green chloroplast lineage is the one that contains the land plants.", "score": 0.3021318569967798, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.3021318569967798, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.3021318569967798, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "What does rhodophyte mean?", "score": 0.37774301127270893, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "All primary chloroplasts belong to one of three chloroplast lineages\u2014the glaucophyte chloroplast lineage, the rhodophyte, or red algal chloroplast lineage, or the chloroplastidan, or green chloroplast lineage.", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nThese chloroplasts, which can be traced back directly to a cyanobacterial ancestor, are known as primary plastids (\"plastid\" in this context means almost the same thing as chloroplast). All primary chloroplasts belong to one of three chloroplast lineages\u2014the glaucophyte chloroplast lineage, the rhodophyte, or red algal chloroplast lineage, or the chloroplastidan, or green chloroplast lineage. The second two are the largest, and the green chloroplast lineage is the one that contains the land plants.\nQuestion:\nWhat does rhodophyte mean?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " red algal chloroplast lineage" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The first Methodist clergy were ordained by John Wesley, a priest of the Church of England, because of the crisis caused by the American Revolution which isolated the Methodists in the States from the Church of England and its sacraments.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Today, the clergy includes men and women who are ordained by bishops as elders and deacons and are appointed to various ministries.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Elders in the United Methodist Church itenerate and are subject to the authority and appointment of their bishops.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Deacons are in service ministry and may serve as musicians, liturgists, educators, business administrators, and a number of other areas.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Elders and deacons are required to obtain a master's degree (generally an M.Div.), or another equivalent degree, before commissioning and then ultimately ordination.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Elders in full connection are each a member of their Annual Conference Order of Elders.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Likewise each deacon in full connection is a member of their Annual Conference Order of Deacons.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "They generally serve as pastors in local congregations.", "score": 0.6779103502973632, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Clergy usually serve as what in local congregations?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nThe first Methodist clergy were ordained by John Wesley, a priest of the Church of England, because of the crisis caused by the American Revolution which isolated the Methodists in the States from the Church of England and its sacraments. Today, the clergy includes men and women who are ordained by bishops as elders and deacons and are appointed to various ministries. Elders in the United Methodist Church itenerate and are subject to the authority and appointment of their bishops. They generally serve as pastors in local congregations. Deacons are in service ministry and may serve as musicians, liturgists, educators, business administrators, and a number of other areas. Elders and deacons are required to obtain a master's degree (generally an M.Div.), or another equivalent degree, before commissioning and then ultimately ordination. Elders in full connection are each a member of their Annual Conference Order of Elders. Likewise each deacon in full connection is a member of their Annual Conference Order of Deacons.\nQuestion:\nClergy usually serve as what in local congregations?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " pastors" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The Panthers defense gave up just 308 points, ranking sixth in the league, while also leading the NFL in interceptions with 24 and boasting four Pro Bowl selections.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Pro Bowl defensive tackle Kawann Short led the team in sacks with 11, while also forcing three fumbles and recovering two.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Fellow lineman Mario Addison added 6\u00bd sacks.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Behind them, two of the Panthers three starting linebackers were also selected to play in the Pro Bowl: Thomas Davis and Luke Kuechly.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Davis compiled 5\u00bd sacks, four forced fumbles, and four interceptions, while Kuechly led the team in tackles (118) forced two fumbles, and intercepted four passes of his own.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Carolina's secondary featured Pro Bowl safety Kurt Coleman, who led the team with a career high seven interceptions, while also racking up 88 tackles and Pro Bowl cornerback Josh Norman, who developed into a shutdown corner during the season and had four interceptions, two of which were returned for touchdowns.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The Panthers line also featured veteran defensive end Jared Allen, a 5-time pro bowler who was the NFL's active career sack leader with 136, along with defensive end Kony Ealy, who had 5 sacks in just 9 starts.", "score": 0.14044704041294553, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "How many career sacks did Jared Allen have?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nThe Panthers defense gave up just 308 points, ranking sixth in the league, while also leading the NFL in interceptions with 24 and boasting four Pro Bowl selections. Pro Bowl defensive tackle Kawann Short led the team in sacks with 11, while also forcing three fumbles and recovering two. Fellow lineman Mario Addison added 6\u00bd sacks. The Panthers line also featured veteran defensive end Jared Allen, a 5-time pro bowler who was the NFL's active career sack leader with 136, along with defensive end Kony Ealy, who had 5 sacks in just 9 starts. Behind them, two of the Panthers three starting linebackers were also selected to play in the Pro Bowl: Thomas Davis and Luke Kuechly. Davis compiled 5\u00bd sacks, four forced fumbles, and four interceptions, while Kuechly led the team in tackles (118) forced two fumbles, and intercepted four passes of his own. Carolina's secondary featured Pro Bowl safety Kurt Coleman, who led the team with a career high seven interceptions, while also racking up 88 tackles and Pro Bowl cornerback Josh Norman, who developed into a shutdown corner during the season and had four interceptions, two of which were returned for touchdowns.\nQuestion:\nHow many career sacks did Jared Allen have?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " 136" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Their local rivals, Polonia Warsaw, have significantly fewer supporters, yet they managed to win Ekstraklasa Championship in 2000.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Polonia's home venue is located at Konwiktorska Street, a ten-minute walk north from the Old Town.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Polonia was relegated from the country's top flight in 2013 because of their disastrous financial situation.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "They are now playing in the 4th league (5th tier in Poland)", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "-the bottom professional league in the National \u2013 Polish Football Association (PZPN) structure.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "They also won the country\u2019s championship in 1946, and won the cup twice as well.", "score": 0.547202055387365, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "When did Polonia Warsaw win the country's championship prior to 2000?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nTheir local rivals, Polonia Warsaw, have significantly fewer supporters, yet they managed to win Ekstraklasa Championship in 2000. They also won the country\u2019s championship in 1946, and won the cup twice as well. Polonia's home venue is located at Konwiktorska Street, a ten-minute walk north from the Old Town. Polonia was relegated from the country's top flight in 2013 because of their disastrous financial situation. They are now playing in the 4th league (5th tier in Poland) -the bottom professional league in the National \u2013 Polish Football Association (PZPN) structure.\nQuestion:\nWhen did Polonia Warsaw win the country's championship prior to 2000?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " 1946" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "A natural number greater than 1 that is not a prime number is called a composite number.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "For example, 5 is prime because 1 and 5 are its only positive integer factors, whereas 6 is composite because it has the divisors 2 and 3 in addition to 1 and 6.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The fundamental theorem of arithmetic establishes the central role of primes in number theory: any integer greater than 1 can be expressed as a product of primes that is unique up to ordering.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The uniqueness in this theorem requires excluding 1 as a prime because one can include arbitrarily many instances of 1 in any factorization, e.g., 3, 1 \u00b7 3, 1 \u00b7 1 \u00b7 3, etc. are all valid factorizations of 3.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "A prime number (or a prime) is a natural number greater than 1 that has no positive divisors other than 1 and itself.", "score": 0.5610157498014254, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "What is the only divisor besides 1 that a prime number can have?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nA prime number (or a prime) is a natural number greater than 1 that has no positive divisors other than 1 and itself. A natural number greater than 1 that is not a prime number is called a composite number. For example, 5 is prime because 1 and 5 are its only positive integer factors, whereas 6 is composite because it has the divisors 2 and 3 in addition to 1 and 6. The fundamental theorem of arithmetic establishes the central role of primes in number theory: any integer greater than 1 can be expressed as a product of primes that is unique up to ordering. The uniqueness in this theorem requires excluding 1 as a prime because one can include arbitrarily many instances of 1 in any factorization, e.g., 3, 1 \u00b7 3, 1 \u00b7 1 \u00b7 3, etc. are all valid factorizations of 3.\nQuestion:\nWhat is the only divisor besides 1 that a prime number can have?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " itself" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Contrary to popular belief, Genghis Khan did not conquer all the areas ultimately part of the Mongol Empire.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "At the time of his death, the Mongol Empire stretched from the Caspian Sea to the Sea of Japan.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The empire's expansion continued for a generation or more after Genghis's death in 1227.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Mongol armies pushed into Persia, finished off the Western Xia and the remnants of the Khwarezmids, and came into conflict with the imperial Song dynasty of China, starting a war that lasted until 1279 and that concluded with the Mongols gaining control of all of China.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "They also pushed further into Russia and eastern Europe.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Under Genghis's successor \u00d6gedei Khan the speed of expansion reached its peak.", "score": 0.5458742108473926, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Who led the most rapid expansion of the Mongol Empire?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nContrary to popular belief, Genghis Khan did not conquer all the areas ultimately part of the Mongol Empire. At the time of his death, the Mongol Empire stretched from the Caspian Sea to the Sea of Japan. The empire's expansion continued for a generation or more after Genghis's death in 1227. Under Genghis's successor \u00d6gedei Khan the speed of expansion reached its peak. Mongol armies pushed into Persia, finished off the Western Xia and the remnants of the Khwarezmids, and came into conflict with the imperial Song dynasty of China, starting a war that lasted until 1279 and that concluded with the Mongols gaining control of all of China. They also pushed further into Russia and eastern Europe.\nQuestion:\nWho led the most rapid expansion of the Mongol Empire?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " gedei Khan" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "However, a problem emerged regarding the directions taken by ABC and UPT.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Despite the promise of non-interference between ABC and UPT, Goldenson had to intervene in ABC's decisions because of financial problems and the FCC's long period of indecision.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Goldenson added to the confusion when, in October 1954, he proposed a merger between UPT and the DuMont Television Network, which was also mired in financial trouble.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "As part of this merger, the network would have been renamed \"ABC-DuMont\" for five years, and DuMont would have received $5 million in cash, room on the schedule for existing DuMont programming, and guaranteed advertising time for DuMont Laboratories receivers.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "In addition, to comply with FCC ownership restrictions, it would have been required to sell either WABC-TV or DuMont owned-and-operated station WABD in the New York City market, as well as two other stations.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The merged ABC-DuMont would have had the resources to compete with CBS and NBC.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "In 1950, Noble appointed Robert Kintner to be ABC's president while he himself served as its CEO, a position he would hold until his death in 1958.", "score": 0.8967664466691155, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Who was appointed to be ABC's president by Noble in 1950?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nHowever, a problem emerged regarding the directions taken by ABC and UPT. In 1950, Noble appointed Robert Kintner to be ABC's president while he himself served as its CEO, a position he would hold until his death in 1958. Despite the promise of non-interference between ABC and UPT, Goldenson had to intervene in ABC's decisions because of financial problems and the FCC's long period of indecision. Goldenson added to the confusion when, in October 1954, he proposed a merger between UPT and the DuMont Television Network, which was also mired in financial trouble. As part of this merger, the network would have been renamed \"ABC-DuMont\" for five years, and DuMont would have received $5 million in cash, room on the schedule for existing DuMont programming, and guaranteed advertising time for DuMont Laboratories receivers. In addition, to comply with FCC ownership restrictions, it would have been required to sell either WABC-TV or DuMont owned-and-operated station WABD in the New York City market, as well as two other stations. The merged ABC-DuMont would have had the resources to compete with CBS and NBC.\nQuestion:\nWho was appointed to be ABC's president by Noble in 1950?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " Robert Kintner" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "On 28 February 2008, Kibaki and Odinga signed an agreement on the formation of a coalition government in which Odinga would become Kenya's second Prime Minister.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Under the deal, the president would appoint cabinet ministers from both PNU and ODM camps depending on each party's strength in Parliament.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The agreement stipulated that the cabinet would include a vice-president and two deputy Prime Ministers.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "After debates, it was passed by Parliament, the coalition would hold until the end of the current Parliament or if either of the parties withdraws from the deal before then.", "score": 0.8930931736418778, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "How long would this coalition last?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nOn 28 February 2008, Kibaki and Odinga signed an agreement on the formation of a coalition government in which Odinga would become Kenya's second Prime Minister. Under the deal, the president would appoint cabinet ministers from both PNU and ODM camps depending on each party's strength in Parliament. The agreement stipulated that the cabinet would include a vice-president and two deputy Prime Ministers. After debates, it was passed by Parliament, the coalition would hold until the end of the current Parliament or if either of the parties withdraws from the deal before then.\nQuestion:\nHow long would this coalition last?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " until the end of the current Parliament" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Later, many took up service with the Armenian state further south in Cilicia and the Taurus Mountains.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "A Norman named Oursel led a force of \"Franks\" into the upper Euphrates valley in northern Syria.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "From 1073 to 1074, 8,000 of the 20,000 troops of the Armenian general Philaretus Brachamius were Normans\u2014formerly of Oursel\u2014led by Raimbaud.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "They even lent their ethnicity to the name of their castle: Afranji, meaning \"Franks.\"", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The known trade between Amalfi and Antioch and between Bari and Tarsus may be related to the presence of Italo-Normans in those cities while Amalfi and Bari were under Norman rule in Italy.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Some Normans joined Turkish forces to aid in the destruction of the Armenians vassal-states of Sassoun and Taron in far eastern Anatolia.", "score": 0.5517126519465285, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Who did the Normans team up with in Anatolia?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nSome Normans joined Turkish forces to aid in the destruction of the Armenians vassal-states of Sassoun and Taron in far eastern Anatolia. Later, many took up service with the Armenian state further south in Cilicia and the Taurus Mountains. A Norman named Oursel led a force of \"Franks\" into the upper Euphrates valley in northern Syria. From 1073 to 1074, 8,000 of the 20,000 troops of the Armenian general Philaretus Brachamius were Normans\u2014formerly of Oursel\u2014led by Raimbaud. They even lent their ethnicity to the name of their castle: Afranji, meaning \"Franks.\" The known trade between Amalfi and Antioch and between Bari and Tarsus may be related to the presence of Italo-Normans in those cities while Amalfi and Bari were under Norman rule in Italy.\nQuestion:\nWho did the Normans team up with in Anatolia?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " Turkish forces" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Economist Branko Milanovic, wrote in 2001 that, \"The view that income inequality harms growth \u2013 or that improved equality can help sustain growth \u2013 has become more widely held in recent years. ...", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The main reason for this shift is the increasing importance of human capital in development.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "When physical capital mattered most, savings and investments were key.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Then it was important to have a large contingent of rich people who could save a greater proportion of their income than the poor and invest it in physical capital.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "But now that human capital is scarcer than machines, widespread education has become the secret to growth.\"", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Economist Joseph Stiglitz presented evidence in 2009 that both global inequality and inequality within countries prevent growth by limiting aggregate demand.", "score": 0.766412090731146, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "What did Stiglitz present in 2009 regarding global inequality?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nEconomist Joseph Stiglitz presented evidence in 2009 that both global inequality and inequality within countries prevent growth by limiting aggregate demand. Economist Branko Milanovic, wrote in 2001 that, \"The view that income inequality harms growth \u2013 or that improved equality can help sustain growth \u2013 has become more widely held in recent years. ... The main reason for this shift is the increasing importance of human capital in development. When physical capital mattered most, savings and investments were key. Then it was important to have a large contingent of rich people who could save a greater proportion of their income than the poor and invest it in physical capital. But now that human capital is scarcer than machines, widespread education has become the secret to growth.\"\nQuestion:\nWhat did Stiglitz present in 2009 regarding global inequality?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " evidence" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "With a budget of $230,000, the surviving original lunar broadcast data from Apollo 11 was compiled by Nafzger and assigned to Lowry Digital for restoration.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The restored video, remaining in black and white, contains conservative digital enhancements and did not include sound quality improvements.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The video was processed to remove random noise and camera shake without destroying historical legitimacy.", "score": 0.7514622239244049, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.7924114056378884, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The images were from tapes in Australia, the CBS News archive, and kinescope recordings made at Johnson Space Center.", "score": 0.7924114056378884, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Were the tapes able to be restored and processed without destroying historical legitimacy or did some aspects of the tapes lose legitimacy?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nWith a budget of $230,000, the surviving original lunar broadcast data from Apollo 11 was compiled by Nafzger and assigned to Lowry Digital for restoration. The video was processed to remove random noise and camera shake without destroying historical legitimacy. The images were from tapes in Australia, the CBS News archive, and kinescope recordings made at Johnson Space Center. The restored video, remaining in black and white, contains conservative digital enhancements and did not include sound quality improvements.\nQuestion:\nWere the tapes able to be restored and processed without destroying historical legitimacy or did some aspects of the tapes lose legitimacy?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " without destroying historical legitimacy" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Cultural imperialism is when a country's influence is felt in social and cultural circles, i.e. its soft power, such that it changes the moral, cultural and societal worldview of another.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "This is more than just \"foreign\" music, television or film becoming popular with young people, but that popular culture changing their own expectations of life and their desire for their own country to become more like the foreign country depicted.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "For example, depictions of opulent American lifestyles in the soap opera Dallas during the Cold War changed the expectations of Romanians; a more recent example is the influence of smuggled South Korean drama series in North Korea.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The importance of soft power is not lost on authoritarian regimes, fighting such influence with bans on foreign popular culture, control of the internet and unauthorised satellite dishes etc.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Which historic empire used cultural imperialism to sway local elites?", "score": 0.9544394378218496, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Nor is such a usage of culture recent, as part of Roman imperialism local elites would be exposed to the benefits and luxuries of Roman culture and lifestyle, with the aim that they would then become willing participants.", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nCultural imperialism is when a country's influence is felt in social and cultural circles, i.e. its soft power, such that it changes the moral, cultural and societal worldview of another. This is more than just \"foreign\" music, television or film becoming popular with young people, but that popular culture changing their own expectations of life and their desire for their own country to become more like the foreign country depicted. For example, depictions of opulent American lifestyles in the soap opera Dallas during the Cold War changed the expectations of Romanians; a more recent example is the influence of smuggled South Korean drama series in North Korea. The importance of soft power is not lost on authoritarian regimes, fighting such influence with bans on foreign popular culture, control of the internet and unauthorised satellite dishes etc. Nor is such a usage of culture recent, as part of Roman imperialism local elites would be exposed to the benefits and luxuries of Roman culture and lifestyle, with the aim that they would then become willing participants.\nQuestion:\nWhich historic empire used cultural imperialism to sway local elites?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " Roman" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "In Hinduism the spiritual teacher is known as a guru, and, in many traditions of Hinduism - especially those common in the West - the emphasis on spiritual mentorship is extremely high, with gurus often exercising a great deal of control over the lives of their disciples.", "score": 0.9218006479441038, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "In what area is it common for spiritual mentorship to be extremely high?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nIn Hinduism the spiritual teacher is known as a guru, and, in many traditions of Hinduism - especially those common in the West - the emphasis on spiritual mentorship is extremely high, with gurus often exercising a great deal of control over the lives of their disciples.\nQuestion:\nIn what area is it common for spiritual mentorship to be extremely high?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " the West" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "There are also several smaller freight operators and numerous tourist railways operating over lines which were once parts of a state-owned system.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Victorian lines mainly use the 1,600 mm (5 ft 3 in) broad gauge.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "However, the interstate trunk routes, as well as a number of branch lines in the west of the state have been converted to 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1\u20442 in) standard gauge.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Two tourist railways operate over 760 mm (2 ft 6 in) narrow gauge lines, which are the remnants of five formerly government-owned lines which were built in mountainous areas.", "score": 0.7508399985523556, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Where were the narrow gauge rail lines built in Victoria?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nThere are also several smaller freight operators and numerous tourist railways operating over lines which were once parts of a state-owned system. Victorian lines mainly use the 1,600 mm (5 ft 3 in) broad gauge. However, the interstate trunk routes, as well as a number of branch lines in the west of the state have been converted to 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1\u20442 in) standard gauge. Two tourist railways operate over 760 mm (2 ft 6 in) narrow gauge lines, which are the remnants of five formerly government-owned lines which were built in mountainous areas.\nQuestion:\nWhere were the narrow gauge rail lines built in Victoria?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " mountainous areas" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Peyton Manning became the first quarterback ever to lead two different teams to multiple Super Bowls.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "He is also the oldest quarterback ever to play in a Super Bowl at age 39.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The past record was held by John Elway, who led the Broncos to victory in Super Bowl XXXIII at age 38 and is currently Denver's Executive Vice President of Football Operations and General Manager.", "score": 0.8250661466126007, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Who previously held the record for being the oldest quarterback to play in a Super Bowl?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nPeyton Manning became the first quarterback ever to lead two different teams to multiple Super Bowls. He is also the oldest quarterback ever to play in a Super Bowl at age 39. The past record was held by John Elway, who led the Broncos to victory in Super Bowl XXXIII at age 38 and is currently Denver's Executive Vice President of Football Operations and General Manager.\nQuestion:\nWho previously held the record for being the oldest quarterback to play in a Super Bowl?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " John Elway" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "What Columbia President went to Harvard?", "score": 0.5935777670463432, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Politics: U.N. Secretary General Ban Ki-moon; American political leaders John Hancock, John Adams, John Quincy Adams, Rutherford B. Hayes, Theodore Roosevelt, Franklin D. Roosevelt, John F. Kennedy, Al Gore, George W. Bush and Barack Obama; Chilean President Sebasti\u00e1n Pi\u00f1era; Colombian President Juan Manuel Santos; Costa Rican President Jos\u00e9 Mar\u00eda Figueres; Mexican Presidents Felipe Calder\u00f3n, Carlos Salinas de Gortari and Miguel de la Madrid; Mongolian President Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj; Peruvian President Alejandro Toledo; Taiwanese President Ma Ying-jeou; Canadian Governor General David Lloyd Johnston; Indian Member of Parliament Jayant Sinha; Albanian Prime Minister Fan S. Noli; Canadian Prime Ministers Mackenzie King and Pierre Trudeau; Greek Prime Minister Antonis Samaras; Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu; former Pakistani Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto; U. S. Secretary of Housing and Urban Development Shaun Donovan; Canadian political leader Michael Ignatieff; Pakistani Members of Provincial Assembly Murtaza Bhutto and Sanam Bhutto; Bangladesh Minister of Finance Abul Maal Abdul Muhith; President of Puntland Abdiweli Mohamed Ali; U.S. Ambassador to the European Union Anthony Luzzatto Gardner.", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nPolitics: U.N. Secretary General Ban Ki-moon; American political leaders John Hancock, John Adams, John Quincy Adams, Rutherford B. Hayes, Theodore Roosevelt, Franklin D. Roosevelt, John F. Kennedy, Al Gore, George W. Bush and Barack Obama; Chilean President Sebasti\u00e1n Pi\u00f1era; Colombian President Juan Manuel Santos; Costa Rican President Jos\u00e9 Mar\u00eda Figueres; Mexican Presidents Felipe Calder\u00f3n, Carlos Salinas de Gortari and Miguel de la Madrid; Mongolian President Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj; Peruvian President Alejandro Toledo; Taiwanese President Ma Ying-jeou; Canadian Governor General David Lloyd Johnston; Indian Member of Parliament Jayant Sinha; Albanian Prime Minister Fan S. Noli; Canadian Prime Ministers Mackenzie King and Pierre Trudeau; Greek Prime Minister Antonis Samaras; Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu; former Pakistani Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto; U. S. Secretary of Housing and Urban Development Shaun Donovan; Canadian political leader Michael Ignatieff; Pakistani Members of Provincial Assembly Murtaza Bhutto and Sanam Bhutto; Bangladesh Minister of Finance Abul Maal Abdul Muhith; President of Puntland Abdiweli Mohamed Ali; U.S. Ambassador to the European Union Anthony Luzzatto Gardner.\nQuestion:\nWhat Columbia President went to Harvard?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " Juan Manuel Santos" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "A 1996 study by Perotti examined the channels through which inequality may affect economic growth.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "He showed that, in accordance with the credit market imperfection approach, inequality is associated with lower level of human capital formation (education, experience, and apprenticeship) and higher level of fertility, and thereby lower levels of growth.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "He found that inequality is associated with higher levels of redistributive taxation, which is associated with lower levels of growth from reductions in private savings and investment.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Perotti concluded that, \"more equal societies have lower fertility rates and higher rates of investment in education.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Both are reflected in higher rates of growth.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Also, very unequal societies tend to be politically and socially unstable, which is reflected in lower rates of investment and therefore growth.\"", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "In 1993, Galor and Zeira showed that inequality in the presence of credit market imperfections has a long lasting detrimental effect on human capital formation and economic development.", "score": 0.9939553275829717, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "When did Galor and Zeria show new information about inequality?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nIn 1993, Galor and Zeira showed that inequality in the presence of credit market imperfections has a long lasting detrimental effect on human capital formation and economic development. A 1996 study by Perotti examined the channels through which inequality may affect economic growth. He showed that, in accordance with the credit market imperfection approach, inequality is associated with lower level of human capital formation (education, experience, and apprenticeship) and higher level of fertility, and thereby lower levels of growth. He found that inequality is associated with higher levels of redistributive taxation, which is associated with lower levels of growth from reductions in private savings and investment. Perotti concluded that, \"more equal societies have lower fertility rates and higher rates of investment in education. Both are reflected in higher rates of growth. Also, very unequal societies tend to be politically and socially unstable, which is reflected in lower rates of investment and therefore growth.\"\nQuestion:\nWhen did Galor and Zeria show new information about inequality?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " 1993" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "ABC dominated the American television landscape during the 1970s and early 1980s (by 1980, the three major networks represented 90% of all prime-time television viewership in the U.S.).", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The network was also propelled during the early 1980s by the continued successes of Happy Days, Three's Company, Laverne & Shirley and Fantasy Island, and gained new hits in Too Close for Comfort, Soap spinoff Benson and Happy Days spinoff Mork & Mindy.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "In 1981, ABC (through its ABC Video Services division) launched the Alpha Repertory Television Service (ARTS), a cable channel operated as a joint venture with the Hearst Corporation offering cultural and arts programming, which aired as a nighttime service over the channel space of Nickelodeon.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Several flagship series debuted on the network during this time including Dynasty, an opulent drama from Aaron Spelling that became a hit when it premiered as a midseason series in 1981, five months before Spelling's other ABC hit Charlie's Angels ended its run.", "score": 0.9162620186077445, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "What drama from Aaron Spelling debuted on ABC in the 80s?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nABC dominated the American television landscape during the 1970s and early 1980s (by 1980, the three major networks represented 90% of all prime-time television viewership in the U.S.). Several flagship series debuted on the network during this time including Dynasty, an opulent drama from Aaron Spelling that became a hit when it premiered as a midseason series in 1981, five months before Spelling's other ABC hit Charlie's Angels ended its run. The network was also propelled during the early 1980s by the continued successes of Happy Days, Three's Company, Laverne & Shirley and Fantasy Island, and gained new hits in Too Close for Comfort, Soap spinoff Benson and Happy Days spinoff Mork & Mindy. In 1981, ABC (through its ABC Video Services division) launched the Alpha Repertory Television Service (ARTS), a cable channel operated as a joint venture with the Hearst Corporation offering cultural and arts programming, which aired as a nighttime service over the channel space of Nickelodeon.\nQuestion:\nWhat drama from Aaron Spelling debuted on ABC in the 80s?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " Dynasty" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Pro Bowl defensive tackle Kawann Short led the team in sacks with 11, while also forcing three fumbles and recovering two.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Fellow lineman Mario Addison added 6\u00bd sacks.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The Panthers line also featured veteran defensive end Jared Allen, a 5-time pro bowler who was the NFL's active career sack leader with 136, along with defensive end Kony Ealy, who had 5 sacks in just 9 starts.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Behind them, two of the Panthers three starting linebackers were also selected to play in the Pro Bowl: Thomas Davis and Luke Kuechly.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Davis compiled 5\u00bd sacks, four forced fumbles, and four interceptions, while Kuechly led the team in tackles (118) forced two fumbles, and intercepted four passes of his own.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Carolina's secondary featured Pro Bowl safety Kurt Coleman, who led the team with a career high seven interceptions, while also racking up 88 tackles and Pro Bowl cornerback Josh Norman, who developed into a shutdown corner during the season and had four interceptions, two of which were returned for touchdowns.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The Panthers defense gave up just 308 points, ranking sixth in the league, while also leading the NFL in interceptions with 24 and boasting four Pro Bowl selections.", "score": 0.19229279866940485, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "How many Panthers defense players were selected for the Pro Bowl?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nThe Panthers defense gave up just 308 points, ranking sixth in the league, while also leading the NFL in interceptions with 24 and boasting four Pro Bowl selections. Pro Bowl defensive tackle Kawann Short led the team in sacks with 11, while also forcing three fumbles and recovering two. Fellow lineman Mario Addison added 6\u00bd sacks. The Panthers line also featured veteran defensive end Jared Allen, a 5-time pro bowler who was the NFL's active career sack leader with 136, along with defensive end Kony Ealy, who had 5 sacks in just 9 starts. Behind them, two of the Panthers three starting linebackers were also selected to play in the Pro Bowl: Thomas Davis and Luke Kuechly. Davis compiled 5\u00bd sacks, four forced fumbles, and four interceptions, while Kuechly led the team in tackles (118) forced two fumbles, and intercepted four passes of his own. Carolina's secondary featured Pro Bowl safety Kurt Coleman, who led the team with a career high seven interceptions, while also racking up 88 tackles and Pro Bowl cornerback Josh Norman, who developed into a shutdown corner during the season and had four interceptions, two of which were returned for touchdowns.\nQuestion:\nHow many Panthers defense players were selected for the Pro Bowl?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " 4" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The Amazon rainforest (Portuguese: Floresta Amaz\u00f4nica or Amaz\u00f4nia; Spanish: Selva Amaz\u00f3nica, Amazon\u00eda or usually Amazonia; French: For\u00eat amazonienne; Dutch: Amazoneregenwoud), also known in English as Amazonia or the Amazon Jungle, is a moist broadleaf forest that covers most of the Amazon basin of South America.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "This basin encompasses 7,000,000 square kilometres (2,700,000 sq mi), of which 5,500,000 square kilometres (2,100,000 sq mi) are covered by the rainforest.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The majority of the forest is contained within Brazil, with 60% of the rainforest, followed by Peru with 13%, Colombia with 10%, and with minor amounts in Venezuela, Ecuador, Bolivia, Guyana, Suriname and French Guiana.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "States or departments in four nations contain \"Amazonas\" in their names.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The Amazon represents over half of the planet's remaining rainforests, and comprises the largest and most biodiverse tract of tropical rainforest in the world, with an estimated 390 billion individual trees divided into 16,000 species.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "This region includes territory belonging to nine nations.", "score": 0.20676018686965147, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "How many nations are within the Amazon Basin?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nThe Amazon rainforest (Portuguese: Floresta Amaz\u00f4nica or Amaz\u00f4nia; Spanish: Selva Amaz\u00f3nica, Amazon\u00eda or usually Amazonia; French: For\u00eat amazonienne; Dutch: Amazoneregenwoud), also known in English as Amazonia or the Amazon Jungle, is a moist broadleaf forest that covers most of the Amazon basin of South America. This basin encompasses 7,000,000 square kilometres (2,700,000 sq mi), of which 5,500,000 square kilometres (2,100,000 sq mi) are covered by the rainforest. This region includes territory belonging to nine nations. The majority of the forest is contained within Brazil, with 60% of the rainforest, followed by Peru with 13%, Colombia with 10%, and with minor amounts in Venezuela, Ecuador, Bolivia, Guyana, Suriname and French Guiana. States or departments in four nations contain \"Amazonas\" in their names. The Amazon represents over half of the planet's remaining rainforests, and comprises the largest and most biodiverse tract of tropical rainforest in the world, with an estimated 390 billion individual trees divided into 16,000 species.\nQuestion:\nHow many nations are within the Amazon Basin?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " nine" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Peyton Manning became the first quarterback ever to lead two different teams to multiple Super Bowls.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The past record was held by John Elway, who led the Broncos to victory in Super Bowl XXXIII at age 38 and is currently Denver's Executive Vice President of Football Operations and General Manager.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "He is also the oldest quarterback ever to play in a Super Bowl at age 39.", "score": 0.11582744206010209, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "How old was Peyton Manning when he played in Super Bowl 50?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nPeyton Manning became the first quarterback ever to lead two different teams to multiple Super Bowls. He is also the oldest quarterback ever to play in a Super Bowl at age 39. The past record was held by John Elway, who led the Broncos to victory in Super Bowl XXXIII at age 38 and is currently Denver's Executive Vice President of Football Operations and General Manager.\nQuestion:\nHow old was Peyton Manning when he played in Super Bowl 50?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " 39" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Pro Bowl defensive tackle Kawann Short led the team in sacks with 11, while also forcing three fumbles and recovering two.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Fellow lineman Mario Addison added 6\u00bd sacks.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The Panthers line also featured veteran defensive end Jared Allen, a 5-time pro bowler who was the NFL's active career sack leader with 136, along with defensive end Kony Ealy, who had 5 sacks in just 9 starts.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Behind them, two of the Panthers three starting linebackers were also selected to play in the Pro Bowl: Thomas Davis and Luke Kuechly.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Davis compiled 5\u00bd sacks, four forced fumbles, and four interceptions, while Kuechly led the team in tackles (118) forced two fumbles, and intercepted four passes of his own.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Carolina's secondary featured Pro Bowl safety Kurt Coleman, who led the team with a career high seven interceptions, while also racking up 88 tackles and Pro Bowl cornerback Josh Norman, who developed into a shutdown corner during the season and had four interceptions, two of which were returned for touchdowns.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The Panthers defense gave up just 308 points, ranking sixth in the league, while also leading the NFL in interceptions with 24 and boasting four Pro Bowl selections.", "score": 0.2649426763848476, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "How many interceptions are the Panthers defense credited with in 2015?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nThe Panthers defense gave up just 308 points, ranking sixth in the league, while also leading the NFL in interceptions with 24 and boasting four Pro Bowl selections. Pro Bowl defensive tackle Kawann Short led the team in sacks with 11, while also forcing three fumbles and recovering two. Fellow lineman Mario Addison added 6\u00bd sacks. The Panthers line also featured veteran defensive end Jared Allen, a 5-time pro bowler who was the NFL's active career sack leader with 136, along with defensive end Kony Ealy, who had 5 sacks in just 9 starts. Behind them, two of the Panthers three starting linebackers were also selected to play in the Pro Bowl: Thomas Davis and Luke Kuechly. Davis compiled 5\u00bd sacks, four forced fumbles, and four interceptions, while Kuechly led the team in tackles (118) forced two fumbles, and intercepted four passes of his own. Carolina's secondary featured Pro Bowl safety Kurt Coleman, who led the team with a career high seven interceptions, while also racking up 88 tackles and Pro Bowl cornerback Josh Norman, who developed into a shutdown corner during the season and had four interceptions, two of which were returned for touchdowns.\nQuestion:\nHow many interceptions are the Panthers defense credited with in 2015?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " 24" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "As in the House of Commons, a number of qualifications apply to being an MSP.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Such qualifications were introduced under the House of Commons Disqualification Act 1975 and the British Nationality Act 1981.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Members of the police and the armed forces are disqualified from sitting in the Scottish Parliament as elected MSPs, and similarly, civil servants and members of foreign legislatures are disqualified.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "An individual may not sit in the Scottish Parliament if he or she is judged to be insane under the terms of the Mental Health (Care and Treatment) (Scotland) Act 2003.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Specifically, members must be over the age of 18 and must be a citizen of the United Kingdom, the Republic of Ireland, one of the countries in the Commonwealth of Nations, a citizen of a British overseas territory, or a European Union citizen resident in the UK.", "score": 0.6696175262795214, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "How old most a person be to apply to be an MSP?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nAs in the House of Commons, a number of qualifications apply to being an MSP. Such qualifications were introduced under the House of Commons Disqualification Act 1975 and the British Nationality Act 1981. Specifically, members must be over the age of 18 and must be a citizen of the United Kingdom, the Republic of Ireland, one of the countries in the Commonwealth of Nations, a citizen of a British overseas territory, or a European Union citizen resident in the UK. Members of the police and the armed forces are disqualified from sitting in the Scottish Parliament as elected MSPs, and similarly, civil servants and members of foreign legislatures are disqualified. An individual may not sit in the Scottish Parliament if he or she is judged to be insane under the terms of the Mental Health (Care and Treatment) (Scotland) Act 2003.\nQuestion:\nHow old most a person be to apply to be an MSP?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " 18" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "It is the third most populated megalopolis in the United States, after the Great Lakes Megalopolis and the Northeastern megalopolis.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Much of southern California is famous for its large, spread-out, suburban communities and use of automobiles and highways.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The dominant areas are Los Angeles, Orange County, San Diego, and Riverside-San Bernardino, each of which is the center of its respective metropolitan area, composed of numerous smaller cities and communities.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The urban area is also host to an international metropolitan region in the form of San Diego\u2013Tijuana, created by the urban area spilling over into Baja California.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Southern California consists of a heavily developed urban environment, home to some of the largest urban areas in the state, along with vast areas that have been left undeveloped.", "score": 0.9226535322830549, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Although southern california consts of a heavily developed urban environment, how much of it has been left undeveloped?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nSouthern California consists of a heavily developed urban environment, home to some of the largest urban areas in the state, along with vast areas that have been left undeveloped. It is the third most populated megalopolis in the United States, after the Great Lakes Megalopolis and the Northeastern megalopolis. Much of southern California is famous for its large, spread-out, suburban communities and use of automobiles and highways. The dominant areas are Los Angeles, Orange County, San Diego, and Riverside-San Bernardino, each of which is the center of its respective metropolitan area, composed of numerous smaller cities and communities. The urban area is also host to an international metropolitan region in the form of San Diego\u2013Tijuana, created by the urban area spilling over into Baja California.\nQuestion:\nAlthough southern california consts of a heavily developed urban environment, how much of it has been left undeveloped?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " vast areas" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Minor amendments were made during the 1960s and 1970s.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Major amending treaties were signed to complete the development of a single, internal market in the Single European Act 1986, to further the development of a more social Europe in the Treaty of Amsterdam 1997, and to make minor amendments to the relative power of member states in the EU institutions in the Treaty of Nice 2001 and the Treaty of Lisbon 2007.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Since its establishment, more member states have joined through a series of accession treaties, from the UK, Ireland, Denmark and Norway in 1972 (though Norway did not end up joining), Greece in 1979, Spain and Portugal 1985, Austria, Finland, Norway and Sweden in 1994 (though again Norway failed to join, because of lack of support in the referendum), the Czech Republic, Cyprus, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slovakia and Slovenia in 2004, Romania and Bulgaria in 2007 and Croatia in 2013.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Greenland signed a Treaty in 1985 giving it a special status.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Which two treaties provided more formal institutions of the European Union?", "score": 0.40775618779782585, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The principal Treaties that form the European Union began with common rules for coal and steel, and then atomic energy, but more complete and formal institutions were established through the Treaty of Rome 1957 and the Maastricht Treaty 1992 (now: TFEU).", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nThe principal Treaties that form the European Union began with common rules for coal and steel, and then atomic energy, but more complete and formal institutions were established through the Treaty of Rome 1957 and the Maastricht Treaty 1992 (now: TFEU). Minor amendments were made during the 1960s and 1970s. Major amending treaties were signed to complete the development of a single, internal market in the Single European Act 1986, to further the development of a more social Europe in the Treaty of Amsterdam 1997, and to make minor amendments to the relative power of member states in the EU institutions in the Treaty of Nice 2001 and the Treaty of Lisbon 2007. Since its establishment, more member states have joined through a series of accession treaties, from the UK, Ireland, Denmark and Norway in 1972 (though Norway did not end up joining), Greece in 1979, Spain and Portugal 1985, Austria, Finland, Norway and Sweden in 1994 (though again Norway failed to join, because of lack of support in the referendum), the Czech Republic, Cyprus, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slovakia and Slovenia in 2004, Romania and Bulgaria in 2007 and Croatia in 2013. Greenland signed a Treaty in 1985 giving it a special status.\nQuestion:\nWhich two treaties provided more formal institutions of the European Union?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " Treaty of Rome 1957 and the Maastricht Treaty 1992" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "In December, the UK\u2019s parliament heard a claim that a subscription to BSkyB was \u2018often damaging\u2019, along with alcohol, tobacco and gambling.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Conservative MP Alec Shelbrooke was proposing the payments of benefits and tax credits on a \"Welfare Cash Card\", in the style of the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, that could be used to buy only \"essentials\".", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.1965806884756387, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The Daily Mail newspaper reported in 2012 that the UK government's benefits agency was checking claimants' \"Sky TV bills to establish if a woman in receipt of benefits as a single mother is wrongly claiming to be living alone\" \u2013 as, it claimed, subscription to sports channels would betray a man's presence in the household.", "score": 0.6544581341016416, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "What did the benefits agency think sports channels on a TV bill meant?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nThe Daily Mail newspaper reported in 2012 that the UK government's benefits agency was checking claimants' \"Sky TV bills to establish if a woman in receipt of benefits as a single mother is wrongly claiming to be living alone\" \u2013 as, it claimed, subscription to sports channels would betray a man's presence in the household. In December, the UK\u2019s parliament heard a claim that a subscription to BSkyB was \u2018often damaging\u2019, along with alcohol, tobacco and gambling. Conservative MP Alec Shelbrooke was proposing the payments of benefits and tax credits on a \"Welfare Cash Card\", in the style of the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, that could be used to buy only \"essentials\".\nQuestion:\nWhat did the benefits agency think sports channels on a TV bill meant?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " a man's presence in the household" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "However its role participation in the legislative process still remains limited because no member can actually or pass legislation without the Commission and Council, meaning power (\"kratia\") is not in the hands of directly elected representatives of the people (\"demos\"): in the EU it is not yet true that \"the administration is in the hands of the many and not of the few.\"", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "In some cases, the Parliament has explicit consultation rights, which the Commission must genuinely follow.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "When did the first direct elections take place?", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "It can require the Commission respond to questions and by a two-thirds majority can censure the whole Commission (as happened to the Santer Commission in 1999).", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Parties do not receive public funds from the EU, as the Court of Justice held in Parti \u00e9cologiste \"Les Verts\" v Parliament that this was entirely an issue to be regulated by the member states.", "score": 0.4826334257599709, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The justification for this \"democratic deficit\" under the Treaties is usually thought to be that completion integration of the European economy and political institutions required the technical coordination of experts, while popular understanding of the EU developed and nationalist sentiments declined post-war.", "score": 0.5032153723174688, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Citizens' rights are therefore limited compared to the democratic polities within all European member states: under TEU article 11 citizens and associations have the rights such as publicising their views and submit an initiative that must be considered by the Commission with one million signatures.", "score": 0.5032153723174688, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "MEPs divide, as they do in national Parliaments, along political party lines: the conservative European People's Party is currently the largest, and the Party of European Socialists leads the opposition.", "score": 0.5945340398742234, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "According to the Treaty on European Union articles 9 and 10, the EU observes \"the principle of equality of its citizens\" and is meant to be founded on \"representative democracy\".", "score": 0.5957624524709033, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Over time, this has meant the Parliament gradually assumed more voice: from being an unelected assembly, to its first direct elections in 1979, to having increasingly more rights in the legislative process.", "score": 0.5957624524709033, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Parliament elections, take place every five years, and votes for Members of the European Parliament in member states must be organised by proportional representation or a single transferable vote.", "score": 0.5957624524709033, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "There are 750 MEPs and their numbers are \"degressively proportional\" according to member state size.", "score": 0.6211634809580244, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "This means - although the Council is meant to be the body representing member states - in the Parliament citizens of smaller member states have more voice than citizens in larger member states.", "score": 0.716137138461272, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "While the Commission has a monopoly on initiating legislation, the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union have powers of amendment and veto during the legislative process.", "score": 0.716137138461272, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The Parliament's powers include calling inquiries into maladministration or appoint an Ombudsman pending any court proceedings.", "score": 0.727857023852444, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "TFEU article 227 contains a further right for citizens to petition the Parliament on issues which affect them.", "score": 0.8212878227721461, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.8225542534525234, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "In practice, equality and democracy are deficient because the elected representatives in the Parliament cannot initiate legislation against the Commission's wishes, citizens of smallest countries have ten times the voting weight in Parliament as citizens of the largest countries, and \"qualified majorities\" or consensus of the Council are required to legislate.", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nWhile the Commission has a monopoly on initiating legislation, the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union have powers of amendment and veto during the legislative process. According to the Treaty on European Union articles 9 and 10, the EU observes \"the principle of equality of its citizens\" and is meant to be founded on \"representative democracy\". In practice, equality and democracy are deficient because the elected representatives in the Parliament cannot initiate legislation against the Commission's wishes, citizens of smallest countries have ten times the voting weight in Parliament as citizens of the largest countries, and \"qualified majorities\" or consensus of the Council are required to legislate. The justification for this \"democratic deficit\" under the Treaties is usually thought to be that completion integration of the European economy and political institutions required the technical coordination of experts, while popular understanding of the EU developed and nationalist sentiments declined post-war. Over time, this has meant the Parliament gradually assumed more voice: from being an unelected assembly, to its first direct elections in 1979, to having increasingly more rights in the legislative process. Citizens' rights are therefore limited compared to the democratic polities within all European member states: under TEU article 11 citizens and associations have the rights such as publicising their views and submit an initiative that must be considered by the Commission with one million signatures. TFEU article 227 contains a further right for citizens to petition the Parliament on issues which affect them. Parliament elections, take place every five years, and votes for Members of the European Parliament in member states must be organised by proportional representation or a single transferable vote. There are 750 MEPs and their numbers are \"degressively proportional\" according to member state size. This means - although the Council is meant to be the body representing member states - in the Parliament citizens of smaller member states have more voice than citizens in larger member states. MEPs divide, as they do in national Parliaments, along political party lines: the conservative European People's Party is currently the largest, and the Party of European Socialists leads the opposition. Parties do not receive public funds from the EU, as the Court of Justice held in Parti \u00e9cologiste \"Les Verts\" v Parliament that this was entirely an issue to be regulated by the member states. The Parliament's powers include calling inquiries into maladministration or appoint an Ombudsman pending any court proceedings. It can require the Commission respond to questions and by a two-thirds majority can censure the whole Commission (as happened to the Santer Commission in 1999). In some cases, the Parliament has explicit consultation rights, which the Commission must genuinely follow. However its role participation in the legislative process still remains limited because no member can actually or pass legislation without the Commission and Council, meaning power (\"kratia\") is not in the hands of directly elected representatives of the people (\"demos\"): in the EU it is not yet true that \"the administration is in the hands of the many and not of the few.\"\nQuestion:\nWhen did the first direct elections take place?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " European Union policy, and imposing sanctions on the Commission." }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The costume collection is the most comprehensive in Britain, containing over 14,000 outfits plus accessories, mainly dating from 1600 to the present.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Costume sketches, design notebooks, and other works on paper are typically held by the Word and Image department.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Because everyday clothing from previous eras has not generally survived, the collection is dominated by fashionable clothes made for special occasions.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "One of the first significant gifts of costume came in 1913 when the V&A received the Talbot Hughes collection containing 1,442 costumes and items as a gift from Harrods following its display at the nearby department store.", "score": 0.6825791718575098, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "In which year did the V&A received the Talbot Hughes collection?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nThe costume collection is the most comprehensive in Britain, containing over 14,000 outfits plus accessories, mainly dating from 1600 to the present. Costume sketches, design notebooks, and other works on paper are typically held by the Word and Image department. Because everyday clothing from previous eras has not generally survived, the collection is dominated by fashionable clothes made for special occasions. One of the first significant gifts of costume came in 1913 when the V&A received the Talbot Hughes collection containing 1,442 costumes and items as a gift from Harrods following its display at the nearby department store.\nQuestion:\nIn which year did the V&A received the Talbot Hughes collection?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " 1913" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Some modern scholars, such as Fielding H. Garrison, are of the opinion that the origin of the science of geology can be traced to Persia after the Muslim conquests had come to an end.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Drawing from Greek and Indian scientific literature that were not destroyed by the Muslim conquests, the Persian scholar Ibn Sina (Avicenna, 981\u20131037) proposed detailed explanations for the formation of mountains, the origin of earthquakes, and other topics central to modern geology, which provided an essential foundation for the later development of the science.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "In China, the polymath Shen Kuo (1031\u20131095) formulated a hypothesis for the process of land formation: based on his observation of fossil animal shells in a geological stratum in a mountain hundreds of miles from the ocean, he inferred that the land was formed by erosion of the mountains and by deposition of silt.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Living from 973\u20131048 CE he was one of the earliest Persian geologists, what was his name?", "score": 0.7764045298496275, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Abu al-Rayhan al-Biruni (973\u20131048 CE) was one of the earliest Persian geologists, whose works included the earliest writings on the geology of India, hypothesizing that the Indian subcontinent was once a sea.", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nSome modern scholars, such as Fielding H. Garrison, are of the opinion that the origin of the science of geology can be traced to Persia after the Muslim conquests had come to an end. Abu al-Rayhan al-Biruni (973\u20131048 CE) was one of the earliest Persian geologists, whose works included the earliest writings on the geology of India, hypothesizing that the Indian subcontinent was once a sea. Drawing from Greek and Indian scientific literature that were not destroyed by the Muslim conquests, the Persian scholar Ibn Sina (Avicenna, 981\u20131037) proposed detailed explanations for the formation of mountains, the origin of earthquakes, and other topics central to modern geology, which provided an essential foundation for the later development of the science. In China, the polymath Shen Kuo (1031\u20131095) formulated a hypothesis for the process of land formation: based on his observation of fossil animal shells in a geological stratum in a mountain hundreds of miles from the ocean, he inferred that the land was formed by erosion of the mountains and by deposition of silt.\nQuestion:\nLiving from 973\u20131048 CE he was one of the earliest Persian geologists, what was his name?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " Abu al-Rayhan al-Biruni" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "After an unmanned LM test flight AS-206, a crew would fly the first Block II CSM and LM in a dual mission known as AS-207/208, or AS-278 (each spacecraft would be launched on a separate Saturn IB.)", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The Block II crew positions were titled Commander (CDR) Command Module Pilot (CMP) and Lunar Module Pilot (LMP).", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The astronauts would begin wearing a new Apollo spacesuit, designed to accommodate lunar extravehicular activity (EVA).", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The traditional visor helmet was replaced with a clear \"fishbowl\" type for greater visibility, and the lunar surface EVA suit would include a water-cooled undergarment.", "score": 0.7623776054284125, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "What type of undergarment, if any, was included into the Apollo spacesuit?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nAfter an unmanned LM test flight AS-206, a crew would fly the first Block II CSM and LM in a dual mission known as AS-207/208, or AS-278 (each spacecraft would be launched on a separate Saturn IB.) The Block II crew positions were titled Commander (CDR) Command Module Pilot (CMP) and Lunar Module Pilot (LMP). The astronauts would begin wearing a new Apollo spacesuit, designed to accommodate lunar extravehicular activity (EVA). The traditional visor helmet was replaced with a clear \"fishbowl\" type for greater visibility, and the lunar surface EVA suit would include a water-cooled undergarment.\nQuestion:\nWhat type of undergarment, if any, was included into the Apollo spacesuit?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " water-cooled" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Southern California consists of one Combined Statistical Area, eight Metropolitan Statistical Areas, one international metropolitan area, and multiple metropolitan divisions.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "These are the Greater Los Angeles Area at 17,786,419, and San Diego\u2013Tijuana at 5,105,768.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Of these metropolitan areas, the Los Angeles-Long Beach-Santa Ana metropolitan area, Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario metropolitan area, and Oxnard-Thousand Oaks-Ventura metropolitan area form Greater Los Angeles; while the El Centro metropolitan area and San Diego-Carlsbad-San Marcos metropolitan area form the Southern Border Region.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "North of Greater Los Angeles are the Santa Barbara, San Luis Obispo, and Bakersfield metropolitan areas.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The region is home to two extended metropolitan areas that exceed five million in population.", "score": 0.4421427772190666, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "How many extended metropolitan areas are there?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nSouthern California consists of one Combined Statistical Area, eight Metropolitan Statistical Areas, one international metropolitan area, and multiple metropolitan divisions. The region is home to two extended metropolitan areas that exceed five million in population. These are the Greater Los Angeles Area at 17,786,419, and San Diego\u2013Tijuana at 5,105,768. Of these metropolitan areas, the Los Angeles-Long Beach-Santa Ana metropolitan area, Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario metropolitan area, and Oxnard-Thousand Oaks-Ventura metropolitan area form Greater Los Angeles; while the El Centro metropolitan area and San Diego-Carlsbad-San Marcos metropolitan area form the Southern Border Region. North of Greater Los Angeles are the Santa Barbara, San Luis Obispo, and Bakersfield metropolitan areas.\nQuestion:\nHow many extended metropolitan areas are there?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " two" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "They calculate with confidence that CO2 has been responsible for over half the enhanced greenhouse effect.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "They predict that under a \"business as usual\" (BAU) scenario, global mean temperature will increase by about 0.3 \u00b0C per decade during the [21st] century.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "They judge that global mean surface air temperature has increased by 0.3 to 0.6 \u00b0C over the last 100 years, broadly consistent with prediction of climate models, but also of the same magnitude as natural climate variability.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The unequivocal detection of the enhanced greenhouse effect is not likely for a decade or more.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "What does the WG", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0064663576632194575, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The executive summary of the WG I Summary for Policymakers report says they are certain that emissions resulting from human activities are substantially increasing the atmospheric concentrations of the greenhouse gases, resulting on average in an additional warming of the Earth's surface.", "score": 0.6031874051276307, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "I Summary for Policymakers report say human activities are doing to greenhouse gases?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nThe executive summary of the WG I Summary for Policymakers report says they are certain that emissions resulting from human activities are substantially increasing the atmospheric concentrations of the greenhouse gases, resulting on average in an additional warming of the Earth's surface. They calculate with confidence that CO2 has been responsible for over half the enhanced greenhouse effect. They predict that under a \"business as usual\" (BAU) scenario, global mean temperature will increase by about 0.3 \u00b0C per decade during the [21st] century. They judge that global mean surface air temperature has increased by 0.3 to 0.6 \u00b0C over the last 100 years, broadly consistent with prediction of climate models, but also of the same magnitude as natural climate variability. The unequivocal detection of the enhanced greenhouse effect is not likely for a decade or more.\nQuestion:\nWhat does the WG I Summary for Policymakers report say human activities are doing to greenhouse gases?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " increasing the atmospheric concentrations" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The Harvard Business School and many of the university's athletics facilities, including Harvard Stadium, are located on a 358-acre (145 ha) campus opposite the Cambridge campus in Allston.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The Harvard Medical School, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, and the Harvard School of Public Health are located on a 21-acre (8.5 ha) campus in the Longwood Medical and Academic Area approximately 3.3 miles (5.3 km) southwest of downtown Boston and 3.3 miles (5.3 km) south of the Cambridge campus.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The John W. Weeks Bridge is a pedestrian bridge over the Charles River connecting both campuses.", "score": 0.400320513396787, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "What is the name of the bridge that joins parts of the campus of the Charles River?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nThe Harvard Business School and many of the university's athletics facilities, including Harvard Stadium, are located on a 358-acre (145 ha) campus opposite the Cambridge campus in Allston. The John W. Weeks Bridge is a pedestrian bridge over the Charles River connecting both campuses. The Harvard Medical School, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, and the Harvard School of Public Health are located on a 21-acre (8.5 ha) campus in the Longwood Medical and Academic Area approximately 3.3 miles (5.3 km) southwest of downtown Boston and 3.3 miles (5.3 km) south of the Cambridge campus.\nQuestion:\nWhat is the name of the bridge that joins parts of the campus of the Charles River?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " John W. Weeks Bridge" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "In the United States, each state determines the requirements for getting a license to teach in public schools.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Teaching certification generally lasts three years, but teachers can receive certificates that last as long as ten years.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Public school teachers are required to have a bachelor's degree and the majority must be certified by the state in which they teach.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Additionally, the requirements for substitute/temporary teachers are generally not as rigorous as those for full-time professionals.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The Bureau of Labor Statistics estimates that there are 1.4 million elementary school teachers, 674,000 middle school teachers, and 1 million secondary school teachers employed in the U.S.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Many charter schools do not require that their teachers be certified, provided they meet the standards to be highly qualified as set by No Child Left Behind.", "score": 0.8262484229954329, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "What may a Charter school require that their teachers meet the standards to be highly qualified by?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nIn the United States, each state determines the requirements for getting a license to teach in public schools. Teaching certification generally lasts three years, but teachers can receive certificates that last as long as ten years. Public school teachers are required to have a bachelor's degree and the majority must be certified by the state in which they teach. Many charter schools do not require that their teachers be certified, provided they meet the standards to be highly qualified as set by No Child Left Behind. Additionally, the requirements for substitute/temporary teachers are generally not as rigorous as those for full-time professionals. The Bureau of Labor Statistics estimates that there are 1.4 million elementary school teachers, 674,000 middle school teachers, and 1 million secondary school teachers employed in the U.S.\nQuestion:\nWhat may a Charter school require that their teachers meet the standards to be highly qualified by?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " No Child Left Behind" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Peyton Manning became the first quarterback ever to lead two different teams to multiple Super Bowls.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The past record was held by John Elway, who led the Broncos to victory in Super Bowl XXXIII at age 38 and is currently Denver's Executive Vice President of Football Operations and General Manager.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "He is also the oldest quarterback ever to play in a Super Bowl at age 39.", "score": 0.11582744206010209, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "How old was Manning when he played Super Bowl 50?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nPeyton Manning became the first quarterback ever to lead two different teams to multiple Super Bowls. He is also the oldest quarterback ever to play in a Super Bowl at age 39. The past record was held by John Elway, who led the Broncos to victory in Super Bowl XXXIII at age 38 and is currently Denver's Executive Vice President of Football Operations and General Manager.\nQuestion:\nHow old was Manning when he played Super Bowl 50?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " 39" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Based on principles laid out by William Smith almost a hundred years before the publication of Charles Darwin's theory of evolution, the principles of succession were developed independently of evolutionary thought.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The principle becomes quite complex, however, given the uncertainties of fossilization, the localization of fossil types due to lateral changes in habitat (facies change in sedimentary strata), and that not all fossils may be found globally at the same time.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "As organisms exist at the same time period throughout the world, their presence or (sometimes) absence may be used to provide a relative age of the formations in which they are found.", "score": 0.3074412750419716, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.3074412750419716, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.3074412750419716, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Which principle is based on the appearance of fossils in sedimentary rocks?", "score": 0.5741849583949515, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The principle of faunal succession is based on the appearance of fossils in sedimentary rocks.", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nThe principle of faunal succession is based on the appearance of fossils in sedimentary rocks. As organisms exist at the same time period throughout the world, their presence or (sometimes) absence may be used to provide a relative age of the formations in which they are found. Based on principles laid out by William Smith almost a hundred years before the publication of Charles Darwin's theory of evolution, the principles of succession were developed independently of evolutionary thought. The principle becomes quite complex, however, given the uncertainties of fossilization, the localization of fossil types due to lateral changes in habitat (facies change in sedimentary strata), and that not all fossils may be found globally at the same time.\nQuestion:\nWhich principle is based on the appearance of fossils in sedimentary rocks?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " faunal succession" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Kublai's government faced financial difficulties after 1279.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Wars and construction projects had drained the Mongol treasury.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Efforts to raise and collect tax revenues were plagued by corruption and political scandals.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Mishandled military expeditions followed the financial problems.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Kublai's second invasion of Japan in 1281 failed because of an inauspicious typhoon.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Kublai botched his campaigns against Annam, Champa, and Java, but won a Pyrrhic victory against Burma.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The expeditions were hampered by disease, an inhospitable climate, and a tropical terrain unsuitable for the mounted warfare of the Mongols.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The Chinese region of Fujian was the original home of the Chinese Tran (Chen) clan before they migrated under Tr\u1ea7n Kinh (\u9673\u4eac, Ch\u00e9n J\u012bng) to Dai Viet and whose descendants established the Tr\u1ea7n dynasty which ruled Vietnam \u0110\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t, and certain members of the clan could still speak Chinese such as when a Yuan dynasty envoy had a meeting with the Chinese-speaking Tr\u1ea7n prince Tr\u1ea7n Qu\u1ed1c Tu\u1ea5n (later King Tr\u1ea7n H\u01b0ng \u0110\u1ea1o) in 1282.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Professor Liam Kelley noted that people from Song dynasty China like Zhao Zhong and Xu Zongdao fled to Tran dynasty ruled Vietnam after the Mongol invasion of the Song and they helped the Tran fight against the Mongol invasion.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The Tran dynasty originated from the Fujian region of China as did the Daoist cleric Xu Zongdao who recorded the Mongol invasion and referred to them as \"Northern bandits\".", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Annam, Burma, and Champa recognized Mongol hegemony and established tributary relations with the Yuan dynasty.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The Tran dynasty which ruled Annam (Dai Viet) crushed and defeated the Mongols at the Battle of B\u1ea1ch \u0110\u1eb1ng (1288).", "score": 0.6676055657911797, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "In what battle were the Mongols defeated by the Tran?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nKublai's government faced financial difficulties after 1279. Wars and construction projects had drained the Mongol treasury. Efforts to raise and collect tax revenues were plagued by corruption and political scandals. Mishandled military expeditions followed the financial problems. Kublai's second invasion of Japan in 1281 failed because of an inauspicious typhoon. Kublai botched his campaigns against Annam, Champa, and Java, but won a Pyrrhic victory against Burma. The expeditions were hampered by disease, an inhospitable climate, and a tropical terrain unsuitable for the mounted warfare of the Mongols. The Tran dynasty which ruled Annam (Dai Viet) crushed and defeated the Mongols at the Battle of B\u1ea1ch \u0110\u1eb1ng (1288). The Chinese region of Fujian was the original home of the Chinese Tran (Chen) clan before they migrated under Tr\u1ea7n Kinh (\u9673\u4eac, Ch\u00e9n J\u012bng) to Dai Viet and whose descendants established the Tr\u1ea7n dynasty which ruled Vietnam \u0110\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t, and certain members of the clan could still speak Chinese such as when a Yuan dynasty envoy had a meeting with the Chinese-speaking Tr\u1ea7n prince Tr\u1ea7n Qu\u1ed1c Tu\u1ea5n (later King Tr\u1ea7n H\u01b0ng \u0110\u1ea1o) in 1282. Professor Liam Kelley noted that people from Song dynasty China like Zhao Zhong and Xu Zongdao fled to Tran dynasty ruled Vietnam after the Mongol invasion of the Song and they helped the Tran fight against the Mongol invasion. The Tran dynasty originated from the Fujian region of China as did the Daoist cleric Xu Zongdao who recorded the Mongol invasion and referred to them as \"Northern bandits\". Annam, Burma, and Champa recognized Mongol hegemony and established tributary relations with the Yuan dynasty.\nQuestion:\nIn what battle were the Mongols defeated by the Tran?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " Battle of Bch ng" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "On 8 February 2007, BSkyB announced its intention to replace its three free-to-air digital terrestrial channels with four subscription channels.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "It was proposed that these channels would offer a range of content from the BSkyB portfolio including sport (including English Premier League Football), films, entertainment and news.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "However, industry sources believe BSkyB will be forced to shelve plans to withdraw its channels from Freeview and replace them with subscription channels, due to possible lost advertising revenue.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The announcement came a day after Setanta Sports confirmed that it would launch in March as a subscription service on the digital terrestrial platform, and on the same day that NTL's services re-branded as Virgin Media.", "score": 0.8044651210378435, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "What were NTL's services rebranded as?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nOn 8 February 2007, BSkyB announced its intention to replace its three free-to-air digital terrestrial channels with four subscription channels. It was proposed that these channels would offer a range of content from the BSkyB portfolio including sport (including English Premier League Football), films, entertainment and news. The announcement came a day after Setanta Sports confirmed that it would launch in March as a subscription service on the digital terrestrial platform, and on the same day that NTL's services re-branded as Virgin Media. However, industry sources believe BSkyB will be forced to shelve plans to withdraw its channels from Freeview and replace them with subscription channels, due to possible lost advertising revenue.\nQuestion:\nWhat were NTL's services rebranded as?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " Virgin Media" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "DECnet is a suite of network protocols created by Digital Equipment Corporation, originally released in 1975 in order to connect two PDP-11 minicomputers.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "It evolved into one of the first peer-to-peer network architectures, thus transforming DEC into a networking powerhouse in the 1980s.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The DECnet protocols were designed entirely by Digital Equipment Corporation.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "However, DECnet Phase II (and later) were open standards with published specifications, and several implementations were developed outside DEC, including one for Linux.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Initially built with three layers, it later (1982) evolved into a seven-layer OSI-compliant networking protocol.", "score": 0.36249949182261443, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "DEC originally had 3 layers but evolved into how many layers", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nDECnet is a suite of network protocols created by Digital Equipment Corporation, originally released in 1975 in order to connect two PDP-11 minicomputers. It evolved into one of the first peer-to-peer network architectures, thus transforming DEC into a networking powerhouse in the 1980s. Initially built with three layers, it later (1982) evolved into a seven-layer OSI-compliant networking protocol. The DECnet protocols were designed entirely by Digital Equipment Corporation. However, DECnet Phase II (and later) were open standards with published specifications, and several implementations were developed outside DEC, including one for Linux.\nQuestion:\nDEC originally had 3 layers but evolved into how many layers\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " seven" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Renewed religious warfare in the 1620s caused the political and military privileges of the Huguenots to be abolished following their defeat.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "While nearly three-quarters eventually were killed or submitted, roughly 500,000 Huguenots had fled France by the early 18th century[citation needed].", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "What proclamation abolished protestantism in France?", "score": 0.3165363091656269, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "They retained the religious provisions of the Edict of Nantes until the rule of Louis XIV, who progressively increased persecution of them until he issued the Edict of Fontainebleau (1685), which abolished all legal recognition of Protestantism in France, and forced the Huguenots to convert.", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nRenewed religious warfare in the 1620s caused the political and military privileges of the Huguenots to be abolished following their defeat. They retained the religious provisions of the Edict of Nantes until the rule of Louis XIV, who progressively increased persecution of them until he issued the Edict of Fontainebleau (1685), which abolished all legal recognition of Protestantism in France, and forced the Huguenots to convert. While nearly three-quarters eventually were killed or submitted, roughly 500,000 Huguenots had fled France by the early 18th century[citation needed].\nQuestion:\nWhat proclamation abolished protestantism in France?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " Edict of Fontainebleau" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Under the terms of the Scotland Act 1978, an elected assembly would be set up in Edinburgh provided that the majority of the Scottish electorate voted for it in a referendum to be held on 1 March 1979 that represented at least 40% of the total electorate.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The 1979 Scottish devolution referendum to establish a devolved Scottish Assembly failed.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Although the vote was 51.6% in favour of a Scottish Assembly, this figure did not equal the 40% of the total electorate threshold deemed necessary to pass the measure, as 32.9% of the eligible voting population did not, or had been unable to, vote.", "score": 0.4789856009732344, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "What percentage of Scotland's voting population failed to actually vote?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nUnder the terms of the Scotland Act 1978, an elected assembly would be set up in Edinburgh provided that the majority of the Scottish electorate voted for it in a referendum to be held on 1 March 1979 that represented at least 40% of the total electorate. The 1979 Scottish devolution referendum to establish a devolved Scottish Assembly failed. Although the vote was 51.6% in favour of a Scottish Assembly, this figure did not equal the 40% of the total electorate threshold deemed necessary to pass the measure, as 32.9% of the eligible voting population did not, or had been unable to, vote.\nQuestion:\nWhat percentage of Scotland's voting population failed to actually vote?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " 32.9%" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Anti-inflammatory drugs are often used to control the effects of inflammation.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Glucocorticoids are the most powerful of these drugs; however, these drugs can have many undesirable side effects, such as central obesity, hyperglycemia, osteoporosis, and their use must be tightly controlled.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Cytotoxic drugs inhibit the immune response by killing dividing cells such as activated T cells.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "However, the killing is indiscriminate and other constantly dividing cells and their organs are affected, which causes toxic side effects.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Immunosuppressive drugs such as cyclosporin prevent T cells from responding to signals correctly by inhibiting signal transduction pathways.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Lower doses of anti-inflammatory drugs are often used in conjunction with cytotoxic or immunosuppressive drugs such as methotrexate or azathioprine.", "score": 0.9463325525134989, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "What are two examples of cytotoxic or immunosuppressive drugs?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nAnti-inflammatory drugs are often used to control the effects of inflammation. Glucocorticoids are the most powerful of these drugs; however, these drugs can have many undesirable side effects, such as central obesity, hyperglycemia, osteoporosis, and their use must be tightly controlled. Lower doses of anti-inflammatory drugs are often used in conjunction with cytotoxic or immunosuppressive drugs such as methotrexate or azathioprine. Cytotoxic drugs inhibit the immune response by killing dividing cells such as activated T cells. However, the killing is indiscriminate and other constantly dividing cells and their organs are affected, which causes toxic side effects. Immunosuppressive drugs such as cyclosporin prevent T cells from responding to signals correctly by inhibiting signal transduction pathways.\nQuestion:\nWhat are two examples of cytotoxic or immunosuppressive drugs?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " methotrexate or azathioprine" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "It was proposed that these channels would offer a range of content from the BSkyB portfolio including sport (including English Premier League Football), films, entertainment and news.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "However, industry sources believe BSkyB will be forced to shelve plans to withdraw its channels from Freeview and replace them with subscription channels, due to possible lost advertising revenue.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "On 8 February 2007, BSkyB announced its intention to replace its three free-to-air digital terrestrial channels with four subscription channels.", "score": 0.6222964076995432, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "When did Setanta Sports say it would launch as a subscription service?", "score": 0.9845111510488389, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The announcement came a day after Setanta Sports confirmed that it would launch in March as a subscription service on the digital terrestrial platform, and on the same day that NTL's services re-branded as Virgin Media.", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nOn 8 February 2007, BSkyB announced its intention to replace its three free-to-air digital terrestrial channels with four subscription channels. It was proposed that these channels would offer a range of content from the BSkyB portfolio including sport (including English Premier League Football), films, entertainment and news. The announcement came a day after Setanta Sports confirmed that it would launch in March as a subscription service on the digital terrestrial platform, and on the same day that NTL's services re-branded as Virgin Media. However, industry sources believe BSkyB will be forced to shelve plans to withdraw its channels from Freeview and replace them with subscription channels, due to possible lost advertising revenue.\nQuestion:\nWhen did Setanta Sports say it would launch as a subscription service?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " 8 February 2007" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The rotors have a propeller-like arrangement of blades at the outer edge.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Steam acts upon these blades, producing rotary motion.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The stator consists of a similar, but fixed, series of blades that serve to redirect the steam flow onto the next rotor stage.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "A steam turbine often exhausts into a surface condenser that provides a vacuum.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The stages of a steam turbine are typically arranged to extract the maximum potential work from a specific velocity and pressure of steam, giving rise to a series of variably sized high- and low-pressure stages.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Turbines are only efficient if they rotate at relatively high speed, therefore they are usually connected to reduction gearing to drive lower speed applications, such as a ship's propeller.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "In the vast majority of large electric generating stations, turbines are directly connected to generators with no reduction gearing.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Typical speeds are 3600 revolutions per minute (RPM) in the USA with 60 Hertz power, 3000 RPM in Europe and other countries with 50 Hertz electric power systems.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "In nuclear power applications the turbines typically run at half these speeds, 1800 RPM and 1500 RPM.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "A turbine rotor is also only capable of providing power when rotating in one direction.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Therefore, a reversing stage or gearbox is usually required where power is required in the opposite direction.[citation needed]", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "A steam turbine consists of one or more rotors (rotating discs) mounted on a drive shaft, alternating with a series of stators (static discs) fixed to the turbine casing.", "score": 0.6037882770791492, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "What is another term for rotors?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nA steam turbine consists of one or more rotors (rotating discs) mounted on a drive shaft, alternating with a series of stators (static discs) fixed to the turbine casing. The rotors have a propeller-like arrangement of blades at the outer edge. Steam acts upon these blades, producing rotary motion. The stator consists of a similar, but fixed, series of blades that serve to redirect the steam flow onto the next rotor stage. A steam turbine often exhausts into a surface condenser that provides a vacuum. The stages of a steam turbine are typically arranged to extract the maximum potential work from a specific velocity and pressure of steam, giving rise to a series of variably sized high- and low-pressure stages. Turbines are only efficient if they rotate at relatively high speed, therefore they are usually connected to reduction gearing to drive lower speed applications, such as a ship's propeller. In the vast majority of large electric generating stations, turbines are directly connected to generators with no reduction gearing. Typical speeds are 3600 revolutions per minute (RPM) in the USA with 60 Hertz power, 3000 RPM in Europe and other countries with 50 Hertz electric power systems. In nuclear power applications the turbines typically run at half these speeds, 1800 RPM and 1500 RPM. A turbine rotor is also only capable of providing power when rotating in one direction. Therefore, a reversing stage or gearbox is usually required where power is required in the opposite direction.[citation needed]\nQuestion:\nWhat is another term for rotors?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " rotating discs" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "In the laboratory, stratigraphers analyze samples of stratigraphic sections that can be returned from the field, such as those from drill cores.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Stratigraphers also analyze data from geophysical surveys that show the locations of stratigraphic units in the subsurface.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Stratigraphers can then use these data to reconstruct ancient processes occurring on the surface of the Earth, interpret past environments, and locate areas for water, coal, and hydrocarbon extraction.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Geophysical data and well logs can be combined to produce a better view of the subsurface, and stratigraphers often use computer programs to do this in three dimensions.", "score": 0.9012708381455968, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "What tool do stratigraphers use to see their data in three dimensions?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nIn the laboratory, stratigraphers analyze samples of stratigraphic sections that can be returned from the field, such as those from drill cores. Stratigraphers also analyze data from geophysical surveys that show the locations of stratigraphic units in the subsurface. Geophysical data and well logs can be combined to produce a better view of the subsurface, and stratigraphers often use computer programs to do this in three dimensions. Stratigraphers can then use these data to reconstruct ancient processes occurring on the surface of the Earth, interpret past environments, and locate areas for water, coal, and hydrocarbon extraction.\nQuestion:\nWhat tool do stratigraphers use to see their data in three dimensions?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " computer programs" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Peyton Manning became the first quarterback ever to lead two different teams to multiple Super Bowls.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "He is also the oldest quarterback ever to play in a Super Bowl at age 39.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The past record was held by John Elway, who led the Broncos to victory in Super Bowl XXXIII at age 38 and is currently Denver's Executive Vice President of Football Operations and General Manager.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "How many teams has Manning played for that reached the Super Bowl, while he was on their team?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nPeyton Manning became the first quarterback ever to lead two different teams to multiple Super Bowls. He is also the oldest quarterback ever to play in a Super Bowl at age 39. The past record was held by John Elway, who led the Broncos to victory in Super Bowl XXXIII at age 38 and is currently Denver's Executive Vice President of Football Operations and General Manager.\nQuestion:\nHow many teams has Manning played for that reached the Super Bowl, while he was on their team?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " 2" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Throughout its existence, Warsaw has been a multi-cultural city.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Eight years later, in 1909, there were 281,754 Jews (36.9%), 18,189 Protestants (2.4%) and 2,818 Mariavites (0.4%).", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "This led to construction of hundreds of places of religious worship in all parts of the town.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Most of them were destroyed in the aftermath of the Warsaw Uprising of 1944.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "After the war, the new communist authorities of Poland discouraged church construction and only a small number were rebuilt.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "According to the 1901 census, out of 711,988 inhabitants 56.2% were Catholics, 35.7% Jews, 5% Greek orthodox Christians and 2.8% Protestants.", "score": 0.8133812833289233, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "What percentage of Warsaw's population was Protestant in 1901?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nThroughout its existence, Warsaw has been a multi-cultural city. According to the 1901 census, out of 711,988 inhabitants 56.2% were Catholics, 35.7% Jews, 5% Greek orthodox Christians and 2.8% Protestants. Eight years later, in 1909, there were 281,754 Jews (36.9%), 18,189 Protestants (2.4%) and 2,818 Mariavites (0.4%). This led to construction of hundreds of places of religious worship in all parts of the town. Most of them were destroyed in the aftermath of the Warsaw Uprising of 1944. After the war, the new communist authorities of Poland discouraged church construction and only a small number were rebuilt.\nQuestion:\nWhat percentage of Warsaw's population was Protestant in 1901?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " 2.8%" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "According to the 1901 census, out of 711,988 inhabitants 56.2% were Catholics, 35.7% Jews, 5% Greek orthodox Christians and 2.8% Protestants.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Eight years later, in 1909, there were 281,754 Jews (36.9%), 18,189 Protestants (2.4%) and 2,818 Mariavites (0.4%).", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "This led to construction of hundreds of places of religious worship in all parts of the town.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Most of them were destroyed in the aftermath of the Warsaw Uprising of 1944.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "After the war, the new communist authorities of Poland discouraged church construction and only a small number were rebuilt.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Throughout its existence, Warsaw has been a multi-cultural city.", "score": 0.6579139634526141, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "What type of city has Warsaw been for as long as it's been a city?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nThroughout its existence, Warsaw has been a multi-cultural city. According to the 1901 census, out of 711,988 inhabitants 56.2% were Catholics, 35.7% Jews, 5% Greek orthodox Christians and 2.8% Protestants. Eight years later, in 1909, there were 281,754 Jews (36.9%), 18,189 Protestants (2.4%) and 2,818 Mariavites (0.4%). This led to construction of hundreds of places of religious worship in all parts of the town. Most of them were destroyed in the aftermath of the Warsaw Uprising of 1944. After the war, the new communist authorities of Poland discouraged church construction and only a small number were rebuilt.\nQuestion:\nWhat type of city has Warsaw been for as long as it's been a city?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " multi-cultural" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Following the election of the UK Labour Party to government in 1997, the UK formally subscribed to the Agreement on Social Policy, which allowed it to be included with minor amendments as the Social Chapter of the 1997 Treaty of Amsterdam.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The UK subsequently adopted the main legislation previously agreed under the Agreement on Social Policy, the 1994 Works Council Directive, which required workforce consultation in businesses, and the 1996 Parental Leave Directive.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "In the 10 years following the 1997 Treaty of Amsterdam and adoption of the Social Chapter the European Union has undertaken policy initiatives in various social policy areas, including labour and industry relations, equal opportunity, health and safety, public health, protection of children, the disabled and elderly, poverty, migrant workers, education, training and youth.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "When did the UK formally subscribe to the Agreement on Social Policy?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nFollowing the election of the UK Labour Party to government in 1997, the UK formally subscribed to the Agreement on Social Policy, which allowed it to be included with minor amendments as the Social Chapter of the 1997 Treaty of Amsterdam. The UK subsequently adopted the main legislation previously agreed under the Agreement on Social Policy, the 1994 Works Council Directive, which required workforce consultation in businesses, and the 1996 Parental Leave Directive. In the 10 years following the 1997 Treaty of Amsterdam and adoption of the Social Chapter the European Union has undertaken policy initiatives in various social policy areas, including labour and industry relations, equal opportunity, health and safety, public health, protection of children, the disabled and elderly, poverty, migrant workers, education, training and youth.\nQuestion:\nWhen did the UK formally subscribe to the Agreement on Social Policy?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " 1997" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Internet2 is a not-for-profit United States computer networking consortium led by members from the research and education communities, industry, and government.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "In 2006, Internet2 announced a partnership with Level 3 Communications to launch a brand new nationwide network, boosting its capacity from 10 Gbit/s to 100 Gbit/s. In October, 2007, Internet2 officially retired Abilene and now refers to its new, higher capacity network as the Internet2 Network.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The Internet2 community, in partnership with Qwest, built the first Internet2 Network, called Abilene, in 1998 and was a prime investor in the National LambdaRail (NLR) project.", "score": 0.7546430582177437, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Who did internet2 partner with", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nInternet2 is a not-for-profit United States computer networking consortium led by members from the research and education communities, industry, and government. The Internet2 community, in partnership with Qwest, built the first Internet2 Network, called Abilene, in 1998 and was a prime investor in the National LambdaRail (NLR) project. In 2006, Internet2 announced a partnership with Level 3 Communications to launch a brand new nationwide network, boosting its capacity from 10 Gbit/s to 100 Gbit/s. In October, 2007, Internet2 officially retired Abilene and now refers to its new, higher capacity network as the Internet2 Network.\nQuestion:\nWho did internet2 partner with\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " Qwest" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Historically, the Methodist Church has supported the temperance movement.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "At one time, Methodist ministers had to take a pledge not to drink and encouraged their congregations to do the same.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Today the United Methodist Church states that it \"affirms our long-standing support of abstinence from alcohol as a faithful witness to God's liberating and redeeming love for persons.\"", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "In fact, the United Methodist Church uses unfermented grape juice in the sacrament of Holy Communion, thus \"expressing pastoral concern for recovering alcoholics, enabling the participation of children and youth, and supporting the church's witness of abstinence.\"", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Moreover, in 2011 and 2012, The United Methodist Church's General Board of Church and Society called on all United Methodists to abstain from alcohol for Lent.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "John Wesley warned against the dangers of drinking in his famous sermon, \"The Use of Money,\" and in his letter to an alcoholic.", "score": 0.7048172925952945, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "What was the name of Wesley's famous sermon in which he warned against the dangers of drinking?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nHistorically, the Methodist Church has supported the temperance movement. John Wesley warned against the dangers of drinking in his famous sermon, \"The Use of Money,\" and in his letter to an alcoholic. At one time, Methodist ministers had to take a pledge not to drink and encouraged their congregations to do the same. Today the United Methodist Church states that it \"affirms our long-standing support of abstinence from alcohol as a faithful witness to God's liberating and redeeming love for persons.\" In fact, the United Methodist Church uses unfermented grape juice in the sacrament of Holy Communion, thus \"expressing pastoral concern for recovering alcoholics, enabling the participation of children and youth, and supporting the church's witness of abstinence.\" Moreover, in 2011 and 2012, The United Methodist Church's General Board of Church and Society called on all United Methodists to abstain from alcohol for Lent.\nQuestion:\nWhat was the name of Wesley's famous sermon in which he warned against the dangers of drinking?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " The Use of Money" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "In the early 1970s, ABC completed its transition to color; the decade as a whole would mark a turning point for ABC, as it began to pass CBS and NBC in the ratings to become the first place network.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "It also began to use behavioral and demographic data to better determine what types of sponsors to sell advertising slots to and provide programming that would appeal towards certain audiences.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "ABC's gains in audience share were greatly helped by the fact that several smaller markets had grown large enough to allow full-time affiliations from all three networks.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The 1970s allowed which network to move in to first place in the ratings?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nIn the early 1970s, ABC completed its transition to color; the decade as a whole would mark a turning point for ABC, as it began to pass CBS and NBC in the ratings to become the first place network. It also began to use behavioral and demographic data to better determine what types of sponsors to sell advertising slots to and provide programming that would appeal towards certain audiences. ABC's gains in audience share were greatly helped by the fact that several smaller markets had grown large enough to allow full-time affiliations from all three networks.\nQuestion:\nThe 1970s allowed which network to move in to first place in the ratings?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " ABC" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "In this way, they might be considered coercive.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The Plowshares organization temporarily closed GCSB Waihopai by padlocking the gates and using sickles to deflate one of the large domes covering two satellite dishes.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Some forms of civil disobedience, such as illegal boycotts, refusals to pay taxes, draft dodging, distributed denial-of-service attacks, and sit-ins, make it more difficult for a system to function.", "score": 0.019249343944785613, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.019249343944785613, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.019249343944785613, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Brownlee notes that \"although civil disobedients are constrained in their use of coercion by their conscientious aim to engage in moral dialogue, nevertheless they may find it necessary to employ limited coercion in order to get their issue onto the table.\"", "score": 0.614846629434586, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "What goal do many of these protests have?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nSome forms of civil disobedience, such as illegal boycotts, refusals to pay taxes, draft dodging, distributed denial-of-service attacks, and sit-ins, make it more difficult for a system to function. In this way, they might be considered coercive. Brownlee notes that \"although civil disobedients are constrained in their use of coercion by their conscientious aim to engage in moral dialogue, nevertheless they may find it necessary to employ limited coercion in order to get their issue onto the table.\" The Plowshares organization temporarily closed GCSB Waihopai by padlocking the gates and using sickles to deflate one of the large domes covering two satellite dishes.\nQuestion:\nWhat goal do many of these protests have?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " to get their issue onto the table" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "After Washington had returned to Williamsburg, Dinwiddie ordered him to lead a larger force to assist Trent in his work.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "While en route, Washington learned of Trent's retreat.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Since Tanaghrisson had promised support to the British, Washington continued toward Fort Duquesne and met with the Mingo leader.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "They killed many of the Canadians, including their commanding officer, Joseph Coulon de Jumonville, whose head was reportedly split open by Tanaghrisson with a tomahawk.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The historian Fred Anderson suggests that Tanaghrisson was acting to gain the support of the British and regain authority over his own people.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "They had been inclined to support the French, with whom they had long trading relationships.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "One of Tanaghrisson's men told Contrecoeur that Jumonville had been killed by British musket fire.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Upon learning of a French scounting party in the area, what did Washington do?", "score": 0.8273772431711609, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Learning of a French scouting party in the area, Washington, with Tanaghrisson and his party, surprised the Canadians on May 28 in what became known as the Battle of Jumonville Glen.", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nAfter Washington had returned to Williamsburg, Dinwiddie ordered him to lead a larger force to assist Trent in his work. While en route, Washington learned of Trent's retreat. Since Tanaghrisson had promised support to the British, Washington continued toward Fort Duquesne and met with the Mingo leader. Learning of a French scouting party in the area, Washington, with Tanaghrisson and his party, surprised the Canadians on May 28 in what became known as the Battle of Jumonville Glen. They killed many of the Canadians, including their commanding officer, Joseph Coulon de Jumonville, whose head was reportedly split open by Tanaghrisson with a tomahawk. The historian Fred Anderson suggests that Tanaghrisson was acting to gain the support of the British and regain authority over his own people. They had been inclined to support the French, with whom they had long trading relationships. One of Tanaghrisson's men told Contrecoeur that Jumonville had been killed by British musket fire.\nQuestion:\nUpon learning of a French scounting party in the area, what did Washington do?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " surprised the Canadians" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Throughout its existence, Warsaw has been a multi-cultural city.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Eight years later, in 1909, there were 281,754 Jews (36.9%), 18,189 Protestants (2.4%) and 2,818 Mariavites (0.4%).", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "This led to construction of hundreds of places of religious worship in all parts of the town.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Most of them were destroyed in the aftermath of the Warsaw Uprising of 1944.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "After the war, the new communist authorities of Poland discouraged church construction and only a small number were rebuilt.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "According to the 1901 census, out of 711,988 inhabitants 56.2% were Catholics, 35.7% Jews, 5% Greek orthodox Christians and 2.8% Protestants.", "score": 0.8133812833289233, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "What percentage of Warsaw's population was Protestant in 1901?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nThroughout its existence, Warsaw has been a multi-cultural city. According to the 1901 census, out of 711,988 inhabitants 56.2% were Catholics, 35.7% Jews, 5% Greek orthodox Christians and 2.8% Protestants. Eight years later, in 1909, there were 281,754 Jews (36.9%), 18,189 Protestants (2.4%) and 2,818 Mariavites (0.4%). This led to construction of hundreds of places of religious worship in all parts of the town. Most of them were destroyed in the aftermath of the Warsaw Uprising of 1944. After the war, the new communist authorities of Poland discouraged church construction and only a small number were rebuilt.\nQuestion:\nWhat percentage of Warsaw's population was Protestant in 1901?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " 2.8%" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "A natural number greater than 1 that is not a prime number is called a composite number.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "For example, 5 is prime because 1 and 5 are its only positive integer factors, whereas 6 is composite because it has the divisors 2 and 3 in addition to 1 and 6.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The fundamental theorem of arithmetic establishes the central role of primes in number theory: any integer greater than 1 can be expressed as a product of primes that is unique up to ordering.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The uniqueness in this theorem requires excluding 1 as a prime because one can include arbitrarily many instances of 1 in any factorization, e.g., 3, 1 \u00b7 3, 1 \u00b7 1 \u00b7 3, etc. are all valid factorizations of 3.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "A prime number (or a prime) is a natural number greater than 1 that has no positive divisors other than 1 and itself.", "score": 0.5610157498014254, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "What is the only divisor besides 1 that a prime number can have?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nA prime number (or a prime) is a natural number greater than 1 that has no positive divisors other than 1 and itself. A natural number greater than 1 that is not a prime number is called a composite number. For example, 5 is prime because 1 and 5 are its only positive integer factors, whereas 6 is composite because it has the divisors 2 and 3 in addition to 1 and 6. The fundamental theorem of arithmetic establishes the central role of primes in number theory: any integer greater than 1 can be expressed as a product of primes that is unique up to ordering. The uniqueness in this theorem requires excluding 1 as a prime because one can include arbitrarily many instances of 1 in any factorization, e.g., 3, 1 \u00b7 3, 1 \u00b7 1 \u00b7 3, etc. are all valid factorizations of 3.\nQuestion:\nWhat is the only divisor besides 1 that a prime number can have?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " itself" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The Nestorian physician Jesus the Interpreter founded the Office of Western Medicine in 1263 during the reign of Kublai.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Huihui doctors staffed at two imperial hospitals were responsible for treating the imperial family and members of the court.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Chinese physicians opposed Western medicine because its humoral system contradicted the yin-yang and wuxing philosophy underlying traditional Chinese medicine.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "No Chinese translation of Western medical works is known, but it is possible that the Chinese had access to Avicenna's The Canon of Medicine.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Western medicine was also practiced in China by the Nestorian Christians of the Yuan court, where it was sometimes labeled as huihui or Muslim medicine.", "score": 0.5744259347363911, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "What was huihui?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nWestern medicine was also practiced in China by the Nestorian Christians of the Yuan court, where it was sometimes labeled as huihui or Muslim medicine. The Nestorian physician Jesus the Interpreter founded the Office of Western Medicine in 1263 during the reign of Kublai. Huihui doctors staffed at two imperial hospitals were responsible for treating the imperial family and members of the court. Chinese physicians opposed Western medicine because its humoral system contradicted the yin-yang and wuxing philosophy underlying traditional Chinese medicine. No Chinese translation of Western medical works is known, but it is possible that the Chinese had access to Avicenna's The Canon of Medicine.\nQuestion:\nWhat was huihui?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " Western medicine" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The most frequent musical contributor during the first 15 years was Dudley Simpson, who is also well known for his theme and incidental music for Blake's 7, and for his haunting theme music and score for the original 1970s version of The Tomorrow People.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "He also made a cameo appearance in The Talons of Weng-Chiang (as a Music hall conductor).", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Simpson's first Doctor Who score was Planet of Giants (1964) and he went on to write music for many adventures of the 1960s and 1970s, including most of the stories of the Jon Pertwee/Tom Baker periods, ending with The Horns of Nimon (1979).", "score": 0.6894407611958823, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "What was the episode name of Simpson's first Doctor Who score?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nThe most frequent musical contributor during the first 15 years was Dudley Simpson, who is also well known for his theme and incidental music for Blake's 7, and for his haunting theme music and score for the original 1970s version of The Tomorrow People. Simpson's first Doctor Who score was Planet of Giants (1964) and he went on to write music for many adventures of the 1960s and 1970s, including most of the stories of the Jon Pertwee/Tom Baker periods, ending with The Horns of Nimon (1979). He also made a cameo appearance in The Talons of Weng-Chiang (as a Music hall conductor).\nQuestion:\nWhat was the episode name of Simpson's first Doctor Who score?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " Planet of Giants" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Sometimes the prosecution proposes a plea bargain to civil disobedients, as in the case of the Camden 28, in which the defendants were offered an opportunity to plead guilty to one misdemeanor count and receive no jail time.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "In some mass arrest situations, the activists decide to use solidarity tactics to secure the same plea bargain for everyone.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "But some activists have opted to enter a blind plea, pleading guilty without any plea agreement in place.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "submit cheerfully to the highest penalty that can be inflicted upon me for what in law is a deliberate crime and what appears to me to be the highest duty of a citizen.\"", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Mohandas Gandhi pleaded guilty and told the court, \"I am here to . . .", "score": 0.8423640339982832, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Which famous Indian took a plea and put himself at the mercy of the courts?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nSometimes the prosecution proposes a plea bargain to civil disobedients, as in the case of the Camden 28, in which the defendants were offered an opportunity to plead guilty to one misdemeanor count and receive no jail time. In some mass arrest situations, the activists decide to use solidarity tactics to secure the same plea bargain for everyone. But some activists have opted to enter a blind plea, pleading guilty without any plea agreement in place. Mohandas Gandhi pleaded guilty and told the court, \"I am here to . . . submit cheerfully to the highest penalty that can be inflicted upon me for what in law is a deliberate crime and what appears to me to be the highest duty of a citizen.\"\nQuestion:\nWhich famous Indian took a plea and put himself at the mercy of the courts?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " Mohandas Gandhi" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "His National Islamic Front first gained influence when strongman General Gaafar al-Nimeiry invited members to serve in his government in 1979.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Turabi built a powerful economic base with money from foreign Islamist banking systems, especially those linked with Saudi Arabia.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "He also recruited and built a cadre of influential loyalists by placing sympathetic students in the university and military academy while serving as minister of education.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "For many years, Sudan had an Islamist regime under the leadership of Hassan al-Turabi.", "score": 0.39741649676085133, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Who was the leader of the Islamist regime in Sudan?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nFor many years, Sudan had an Islamist regime under the leadership of Hassan al-Turabi. His National Islamic Front first gained influence when strongman General Gaafar al-Nimeiry invited members to serve in his government in 1979. Turabi built a powerful economic base with money from foreign Islamist banking systems, especially those linked with Saudi Arabia. He also recruited and built a cadre of influential loyalists by placing sympathetic students in the university and military academy while serving as minister of education.\nQuestion:\nWho was the leader of the Islamist regime in Sudan?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " Hassan al-Turabi" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "This committee recognized that the chosen mode was an important part of the launch vehicle choice, and recommended in favor of a hybrid EOR-LOR mode.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Its consideration of LOR \u2014as well as Houbolt's ceaseless work\u2014 played an important role in publicizing the workability of the approach.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "In late 1961 and early 1962, members of the Manned Spacecraft Center began to come around to support LOR, including the newly hired deputy director of the Office of Manned Space Flight, Joseph Shea, who became a champion of LOR.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The engineers at Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) took longer to become convinced of its merits, but their conversion was announced by Wernher von Braun at a briefing in June 1962.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Seamans' establishment of an ad-hoc committee headed by his special technical assistant Nicholas E. Golovin in July 1961, to recommend a launch vehicle to be used in the Apollo program, represented a turning point in NASA's mission mode decision.", "score": 0.7421134674718368, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Who led the committee established by Seaman?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nSeamans' establishment of an ad-hoc committee headed by his special technical assistant Nicholas E. Golovin in July 1961, to recommend a launch vehicle to be used in the Apollo program, represented a turning point in NASA's mission mode decision. This committee recognized that the chosen mode was an important part of the launch vehicle choice, and recommended in favor of a hybrid EOR-LOR mode. Its consideration of LOR \u2014as well as Houbolt's ceaseless work\u2014 played an important role in publicizing the workability of the approach. In late 1961 and early 1962, members of the Manned Spacecraft Center began to come around to support LOR, including the newly hired deputy director of the Office of Manned Space Flight, Joseph Shea, who became a champion of LOR. The engineers at Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) took longer to become convinced of its merits, but their conversion was announced by Wernher von Braun at a briefing in June 1962.\nQuestion:\nWho led the committee established by Seaman?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " Nicholas E. Golovin" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "This basin encompasses 7,000,000 square kilometres (2,700,000 sq mi), of which 5,500,000 square kilometres (2,100,000 sq mi) are covered by the rainforest.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "This region includes territory belonging to nine nations.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The majority of the forest is contained within Brazil, with 60% of the rainforest, followed by Peru with 13%, Colombia with 10%, and with minor amounts in Venezuela, Ecuador, Bolivia, Guyana, Suriname and French Guiana.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "States or departments in four nations contain \"Amazonas\" in their names.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The Amazon represents over half of the planet's remaining rainforests, and comprises the largest and most biodiverse tract of tropical rainforest in the world, with an estimated 390 billion individual trees divided into 16,000 species.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The Amazon rainforest (Portuguese: Floresta Amaz\u00f4nica or Amaz\u00f4nia; Spanish: Selva Amaz\u00f3nica, Amazon\u00eda or usually Amazonia; French: For\u00eat amazonienne; Dutch: Amazoneregenwoud), also known in English as Amazonia or the Amazon Jungle, is a moist broadleaf forest that covers most of the Amazon basin of South America.", "score": 0.29288634521490964, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Which name is also used to describe the Amazon rainforest in English?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nThe Amazon rainforest (Portuguese: Floresta Amaz\u00f4nica or Amaz\u00f4nia; Spanish: Selva Amaz\u00f3nica, Amazon\u00eda or usually Amazonia; French: For\u00eat amazonienne; Dutch: Amazoneregenwoud), also known in English as Amazonia or the Amazon Jungle, is a moist broadleaf forest that covers most of the Amazon basin of South America. This basin encompasses 7,000,000 square kilometres (2,700,000 sq mi), of which 5,500,000 square kilometres (2,100,000 sq mi) are covered by the rainforest. This region includes territory belonging to nine nations. The majority of the forest is contained within Brazil, with 60% of the rainforest, followed by Peru with 13%, Colombia with 10%, and with minor amounts in Venezuela, Ecuador, Bolivia, Guyana, Suriname and French Guiana. States or departments in four nations contain \"Amazonas\" in their names. The Amazon represents over half of the planet's remaining rainforests, and comprises the largest and most biodiverse tract of tropical rainforest in the world, with an estimated 390 billion individual trees divided into 16,000 species.\nQuestion:\nWhich name is also used to describe the Amazon rainforest in English?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " Amazonia" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Each year, ENR compiles and reports on data about the size of design and construction companies.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "They publish a list of the largest companies in the United States (Top-40) and also a list the largest global firms (Top-250, by amount of work they are doing outside their home country).", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "In 2014, ENR compiled the data in nine market segments.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "It was divided as transportation, petroleum, buildings, power, industrial, water, manufacturing, sewer/waste, telecom, hazardous waste plus a tenth category for other projects.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "In their reporting on the Top 400, they used data on transportation, sewer, hazardous waste and water to rank firms as heavy contractors.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "What compiles and reports on data about the size of design and construction companies?", "score": 0.913776767639068, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Engineering News-Record (ENR) is a trade magazine for the construction industry.", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nEngineering News-Record (ENR) is a trade magazine for the construction industry. Each year, ENR compiles and reports on data about the size of design and construction companies. They publish a list of the largest companies in the United States (Top-40) and also a list the largest global firms (Top-250, by amount of work they are doing outside their home country). In 2014, ENR compiled the data in nine market segments. It was divided as transportation, petroleum, buildings, power, industrial, water, manufacturing, sewer/waste, telecom, hazardous waste plus a tenth category for other projects. In their reporting on the Top 400, they used data on transportation, sewer, hazardous waste and water to rank firms as heavy contractors.\nQuestion:\nWhat compiles and reports on data about the size of design and construction companies?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " Engineering News-Record" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "It was opened in five phases between 1980 and 1984, and was Britain's first urban light rail transit system; two extensions were opened in 1991 and 2002.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "It was developed from a combination of existing and newly built tracks and stations, with deep-level tunnels constructed through Newcastle city centre.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "A bridge was built across the Tyne, between Newcastle and Gateshead, and opened by Queen Elizabeth II in 1981.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The network is operated by DB Regio on behalf of Nexus and carries over 37 million passengers a year, extending as far as Newcastle Airport, Tynemouth, South Shields and South Hylton in Sunderland.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "In 2004, the company Marconi designed and constructed the mobile radio system to the underground Metro system.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The Metro system was the first in the UK to have mobile phone antennae installed in the tunnels.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The city is served by the Tyne and Wear Metro, a system of suburban and underground railways covering much of Tyne and Wear.", "score": 0.9966562442361775, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "What underground railways cover much of Tyne and Wear?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nThe city is served by the Tyne and Wear Metro, a system of suburban and underground railways covering much of Tyne and Wear. It was opened in five phases between 1980 and 1984, and was Britain's first urban light rail transit system; two extensions were opened in 1991 and 2002. It was developed from a combination of existing and newly built tracks and stations, with deep-level tunnels constructed through Newcastle city centre. A bridge was built across the Tyne, between Newcastle and Gateshead, and opened by Queen Elizabeth II in 1981. The network is operated by DB Regio on behalf of Nexus and carries over 37 million passengers a year, extending as far as Newcastle Airport, Tynemouth, South Shields and South Hylton in Sunderland. In 2004, the company Marconi designed and constructed the mobile radio system to the underground Metro system. The Metro system was the first in the UK to have mobile phone antennae installed in the tunnels.\nQuestion:\nWhat underground railways cover much of Tyne and Wear?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " Tyne and Wear Metro" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "They then beat the defending Super Bowl XLIX champion New England Patriots in the AFC Championship Game, 20\u201318, by intercepting a pass on New England's 2-point conversion attempt with 17 seconds left on the clock.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Despite Manning's problems with interceptions during the season, he didn't throw any in their two playoff games.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "What team was the divisional round winner between the Broncos and Steelers?", "score": 0.7646805429632857, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The Broncos defeated the Pittsburgh Steelers in the divisional round, 23\u201316, by scoring 11 points in the final three minutes of the game.", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nThe Broncos defeated the Pittsburgh Steelers in the divisional round, 23\u201316, by scoring 11 points in the final three minutes of the game. They then beat the defending Super Bowl XLIX champion New England Patriots in the AFC Championship Game, 20\u201318, by intercepting a pass on New England's 2-point conversion attempt with 17 seconds left on the clock. Despite Manning's problems with interceptions during the season, he didn't throw any in their two playoff games.\nQuestion:\nWhat team was the divisional round winner between the Broncos and Steelers?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " Broncos" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Other predecessors of the Reformed church included the pro-reform and Gallican Roman Catholics, such as Jacques Lefevre (c. 1455\u20131536).", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The Gallicans briefly achieved independence for the French church, on the principle that the religion of France could not be controlled by the Bishop of Rome, a foreign power.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "During the Protestant Reformation, Lefevre, a professor at the University of Paris, published his French translation of the New Testament in 1523, followed by the whole Bible in the French language in 1530.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "William Farel was a student of Lefevre who went on to become a leader of the Swiss Reformation, establishing a Protestant government in Geneva.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Jean Cauvin (John Calvin), another student at the University of Paris, also converted to Protestantism.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Long after the sect was suppressed by Francis I, the remaining French Waldensians, then mostly in the Luberon region, sought to join William Farel, Calvin and the Reformation, and Olivetan published a French Bible for them.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The French Confession of 1559 shows a decidedly Calvinistic influence.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Sometime between 1550 and 1580, members of the Reformed church in France came to be commonly known as Huguenots.[citation needed]", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Where did this pro-reform leader teach?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nOther predecessors of the Reformed church included the pro-reform and Gallican Roman Catholics, such as Jacques Lefevre (c. 1455\u20131536). The Gallicans briefly achieved independence for the French church, on the principle that the religion of France could not be controlled by the Bishop of Rome, a foreign power. During the Protestant Reformation, Lefevre, a professor at the University of Paris, published his French translation of the New Testament in 1523, followed by the whole Bible in the French language in 1530. William Farel was a student of Lefevre who went on to become a leader of the Swiss Reformation, establishing a Protestant government in Geneva. Jean Cauvin (John Calvin), another student at the University of Paris, also converted to Protestantism. Long after the sect was suppressed by Francis I, the remaining French Waldensians, then mostly in the Luberon region, sought to join William Farel, Calvin and the Reformation, and Olivetan published a French Bible for them. The French Confession of 1559 shows a decidedly Calvinistic influence. Sometime between 1550 and 1580, members of the Reformed church in France came to be commonly known as Huguenots.[citation needed]\nQuestion:\nWhere did this pro-reform leader teach?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " University of Paris" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The efficiency of a Rankine cycle is usually limited by the working fluid.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "This low turbine entry temperature (compared with a gas turbine) is why the Rankine cycle is often used as a bottoming cycle in combined-cycle gas turbine power stations.[citation needed]", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Without the pressure reaching supercritical levels for the working fluid, the temperature range the cycle can operate over is quite small; in steam turbines, turbine entry temperatures are typically 565 \u00b0C (the creep limit of stainless steel) and condenser temperatures are around 30 \u00b0C.", "score": 0.6735220106389245, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "This gives a theoretical Carnot efficiency of about 63% compared with an actual efficiency of 42% for a modern coal-fired power station.", "score": 0.6735220106389245, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "What is a turbine's theoretical Carnot efficiency?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nThe efficiency of a Rankine cycle is usually limited by the working fluid. Without the pressure reaching supercritical levels for the working fluid, the temperature range the cycle can operate over is quite small; in steam turbines, turbine entry temperatures are typically 565 \u00b0C (the creep limit of stainless steel) and condenser temperatures are around 30 \u00b0C. This gives a theoretical Carnot efficiency of about 63% compared with an actual efficiency of 42% for a modern coal-fired power station. This low turbine entry temperature (compared with a gas turbine) is why the Rankine cycle is often used as a bottoming cycle in combined-cycle gas turbine power stations.[citation needed]\nQuestion:\nWhat is a turbine's theoretical Carnot efficiency?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " 63%" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The Black Death ravaged much of the Islamic world.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Plague was present in at least one location in the Islamic world virtually every year between 1500 and 1850.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Plague repeatedly struck the cities of North Africa.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Plague remained a major event in Ottoman society until the second quarter of the 19th century.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Between 1701 and 1750, thirty-seven larger and smaller epidemics were recorded in Constantinople, and an additional thirty-one between 1751 and 1800.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Baghdad has suffered severely from visitations of the plague, and sometimes two-thirds of its population has been wiped out.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Algiers lost 30 to 50 thousand inhabitants to it in 1620\u201321, and again in 1654\u201357, 1665, 1691, and 1740\u201342.", "score": 0.5310880611127895, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "How many people were lost in Algiers during 1620-21?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nThe Black Death ravaged much of the Islamic world. Plague was present in at least one location in the Islamic world virtually every year between 1500 and 1850. Plague repeatedly struck the cities of North Africa. Algiers lost 30 to 50 thousand inhabitants to it in 1620\u201321, and again in 1654\u201357, 1665, 1691, and 1740\u201342. Plague remained a major event in Ottoman society until the second quarter of the 19th century. Between 1701 and 1750, thirty-seven larger and smaller epidemics were recorded in Constantinople, and an additional thirty-one between 1751 and 1800. Baghdad has suffered severely from visitations of the plague, and sometimes two-thirds of its population has been wiped out.\nQuestion:\nHow many people were lost in Algiers during 1620-21?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " 30 to 50 thousand" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "He also describes the distillation of sea-water for drinking.[verification needed]", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Who wrote about the distillation of drinking water from sea water?", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "He made clear distinction between sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate, and drew attention to the poisonous nature of copper compounds, especially copper vitriol, and also lead compounds.", "score": 0.377158442405657, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Muhammad ibn Zakar\u012bya R\u0101zi (Rhazes) (865\u2013915), for instance, acted to promote the medical uses of chemical compounds.", "score": 0.39467918129502044, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Peter of Abano (1250\u20131316) translated and added a supplement to the work of al-Maridini under the title De Veneris.", "score": 0.5735375594628933, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Sabur Ibn Sahl (d 869), was, however, the first physician to initiate pharmacopoedia, describing a large variety of drugs and remedies for ailments.", "score": 0.6030556810063024, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Al-Biruni (973\u20131050) wrote one of the most valuable Islamic works on pharmacology, entitled Kitab al-Saydalah (The Book of Drugs), in which he detailed the properties of drugs and outlined the role of pharmacy and the functions and duties of the pharmacist.", "score": 0.6955583144602827, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Of great impact were also the works by al-Maridini of Baghdad and Cairo, and Ibn al-Wafid (1008\u20131074), both of which were printed in Latin more than fifty times, appearing as De Medicinis universalibus et particularibus by 'Mesue' the younger, and the Medicamentis simplicibus by 'Abenguefit'.", "score": 0.6955583144602827, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "His Liber servitoris is of particular interest, as it provides the reader with recipes and explains how to prepare the `simples\u2019 from which were compounded the complex drugs then generally used.", "score": 0.8286334740958696, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "He devoted in fact a whole volume to simple drugs in The Canon of Medicine.", "score": 0.8342700144782267, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Avicenna, too, described no less than 700 preparations, their properties, modes of action, and their indications.", "score": 0.8429336729946149, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi (Abulcasis) (936\u20131013) pioneered the preparation of medicines by sublimation and distillation.", "score": 0.8429336729946149, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The advances made in the Middle East in botany and chemistry led medicine in medieval Islam substantially to develop pharmacology.", "score": 0.8429336729946149, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Al-Muwaffaq\u2019s contributions in the field are also pioneering.", "score": 0.8780987946837435, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.9077251813412397, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Living in the 10th century, he wrote The foundations of the true properties of Remedies, amongst others describing arsenious oxide, and being acquainted with silicic acid.", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nThe advances made in the Middle East in botany and chemistry led medicine in medieval Islam substantially to develop pharmacology. Muhammad ibn Zakar\u012bya R\u0101zi (Rhazes) (865\u2013915), for instance, acted to promote the medical uses of chemical compounds. Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi (Abulcasis) (936\u20131013) pioneered the preparation of medicines by sublimation and distillation. His Liber servitoris is of particular interest, as it provides the reader with recipes and explains how to prepare the `simples\u2019 from which were compounded the complex drugs then generally used. Sabur Ibn Sahl (d 869), was, however, the first physician to initiate pharmacopoedia, describing a large variety of drugs and remedies for ailments. Al-Biruni (973\u20131050) wrote one of the most valuable Islamic works on pharmacology, entitled Kitab al-Saydalah (The Book of Drugs), in which he detailed the properties of drugs and outlined the role of pharmacy and the functions and duties of the pharmacist. Avicenna, too, described no less than 700 preparations, their properties, modes of action, and their indications. He devoted in fact a whole volume to simple drugs in The Canon of Medicine. Of great impact were also the works by al-Maridini of Baghdad and Cairo, and Ibn al-Wafid (1008\u20131074), both of which were printed in Latin more than fifty times, appearing as De Medicinis universalibus et particularibus by 'Mesue' the younger, and the Medicamentis simplicibus by 'Abenguefit'. Peter of Abano (1250\u20131316) translated and added a supplement to the work of al-Maridini under the title De Veneris. Al-Muwaffaq\u2019s contributions in the field are also pioneering. Living in the 10th century, he wrote The foundations of the true properties of Remedies, amongst others describing arsenious oxide, and being acquainted with silicic acid. He made clear distinction between sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate, and drew attention to the poisonous nature of copper compounds, especially copper vitriol, and also lead compounds. He also describes the distillation of sea-water for drinking.[verification needed]\nQuestion:\nWho wrote about the distillation of drinking water from sea water?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " sodium hydroxide, and between silicic acid and silicic acid." }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Consultant pharmacy practice focuses more on medication regimen review (i.e. \"cognitive services\") than on actual dispensing of drugs.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Consultant pharmacists most typically work in nursing homes, but are increasingly branching into other institutions and non-institutional settings.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "This trend may be gradually reversing as consultant pharmacists begin to work directly with patients, primarily because many elderly people are now taking numerous medications but continue to live outside of institutional settings.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Some community pharmacies employ consultant pharmacists and/or provide consulting services.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Traditionally consultant pharmacists were usually independent business owners, though in the United States many now work for several large pharmacy management companies (primarily Omnicare, Kindred Healthcare and PharMerica).", "score": 0.839979506035929, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "What are some large pharmacy management companies?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nConsultant pharmacy practice focuses more on medication regimen review (i.e. \"cognitive services\") than on actual dispensing of drugs. Consultant pharmacists most typically work in nursing homes, but are increasingly branching into other institutions and non-institutional settings. Traditionally consultant pharmacists were usually independent business owners, though in the United States many now work for several large pharmacy management companies (primarily Omnicare, Kindred Healthcare and PharMerica). This trend may be gradually reversing as consultant pharmacists begin to work directly with patients, primarily because many elderly people are now taking numerous medications but continue to live outside of institutional settings. Some community pharmacies employ consultant pharmacists and/or provide consulting services.\nQuestion:\nWhat are some large pharmacy management companies?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " Omnicare, Kindred Healthcare and PharMerica" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "In this way, they might be considered coercive.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Brownlee notes that \"although civil disobedients are constrained in their use of coercion by their conscientious aim to engage in moral dialogue, nevertheless they may find it necessary to employ limited coercion in order to get their issue onto the table.\"", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The Plowshares organization temporarily closed GCSB Waihopai by padlocking the gates and using sickles to deflate one of the large domes covering two satellite dishes.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.35064553615154037, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.9653070404627455, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Some forms of civil disobedience, such as illegal boycotts, refusals to pay taxes, draft dodging, distributed denial-of-service attacks, and sit-ins, make it more difficult for a system to function.", "score": 0.9653070404627455, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "How can you protest against big companies in a non violent way?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nSome forms of civil disobedience, such as illegal boycotts, refusals to pay taxes, draft dodging, distributed denial-of-service attacks, and sit-ins, make it more difficult for a system to function. In this way, they might be considered coercive. Brownlee notes that \"although civil disobedients are constrained in their use of coercion by their conscientious aim to engage in moral dialogue, nevertheless they may find it necessary to employ limited coercion in order to get their issue onto the table.\" The Plowshares organization temporarily closed GCSB Waihopai by padlocking the gates and using sickles to deflate one of the large domes covering two satellite dishes.\nQuestion:\nHow can you protest against big companies in a non violent way?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " illegal boycotts" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "This behavior started with his learning of the execution of Johann Esch and Heinrich Voes, the first individuals to be martyred by the Roman Catholic Church for Lutheran views, prompting Luther to write the hymn \"Ein neues Lied wir heben an\" (\"A new song we raise\"), which is generally known in English by John C. Messenger's translation by the title and first line \"Flung to the Heedless Winds\" and sung to the tune Ibstone composed in 1875 by Maria C. Tiddeman.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "What caused Luther to write hymns?", "score": 0.871112216410118, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Luther's hymns were frequently evoked by particular events in his life and the unfolding Reformation.", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nLuther's hymns were frequently evoked by particular events in his life and the unfolding Reformation. This behavior started with his learning of the execution of Johann Esch and Heinrich Voes, the first individuals to be martyred by the Roman Catholic Church for Lutheran views, prompting Luther to write the hymn \"Ein neues Lied wir heben an\" (\"A new song we raise\"), which is generally known in English by John C. Messenger's translation by the title and first line \"Flung to the Heedless Winds\" and sung to the tune Ibstone composed in 1875 by Maria C. Tiddeman.\nQuestion:\nWhat caused Luther to write hymns?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " events in his life and the unfolding Reformation" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Consultant pharmacy practice focuses more on medication regimen review (i.e. \"cognitive services\") than on actual dispensing of drugs.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Consultant pharmacists most typically work in nursing homes, but are increasingly branching into other institutions and non-institutional settings.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Traditionally consultant pharmacists were usually independent business owners, though in the United States many now work for several large pharmacy management companies (primarily Omnicare, Kindred Healthcare and PharMerica).", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Some community pharmacies employ consultant pharmacists and/or provide consulting services.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "This trend may be gradually reversing as consultant pharmacists begin to work directly with patients, primarily because many elderly people are now taking numerous medications but continue to live outside of institutional settings.", "score": 0.6325495705920368, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "What is the main reason consulting pharmacists are increasingly working directly with patients?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nConsultant pharmacy practice focuses more on medication regimen review (i.e. \"cognitive services\") than on actual dispensing of drugs. Consultant pharmacists most typically work in nursing homes, but are increasingly branching into other institutions and non-institutional settings. Traditionally consultant pharmacists were usually independent business owners, though in the United States many now work for several large pharmacy management companies (primarily Omnicare, Kindred Healthcare and PharMerica). This trend may be gradually reversing as consultant pharmacists begin to work directly with patients, primarily because many elderly people are now taking numerous medications but continue to live outside of institutional settings. Some community pharmacies employ consultant pharmacists and/or provide consulting services.\nQuestion:\nWhat is the main reason consulting pharmacists are increasingly working directly with patients?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " elderly people are now taking numerous medications but continue to live outside of institutional settings" }, { "explanations": [ { "feature": "Context:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "The Wojciech Bogus\u0142awski Theatre (1922\u201326), was the best example of \"Polish monumental theatre\".", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "From the mid-1930s, the Great Theatre building housed the Upati Institute of Dramatic Arts \u2013 the first state-run academy of dramatic art, with an acting department and a stage directing department.", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Question:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Answer:", "score": 0.0, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "Nearby, in Ogr\u00f3d Saski (the Saxon Garden), the Summer Theatre was in operation from 1870 to 1939, and in the inter-war period, the theatre complex also included Momus, Warsaw's first literary cabaret, and Leon Schiller's musical theatre Melodram.", "score": 0.7197214247785475, "token_field": null }, { "feature": "What is the Saxon Garden in Polish?", "score": 1.0, "token_field": null } ], "input_text": "Context:\nNearby, in Ogr\u00f3d Saski (the Saxon Garden), the Summer Theatre was in operation from 1870 to 1939, and in the inter-war period, the theatre complex also included Momus, Warsaw's first literary cabaret, and Leon Schiller's musical theatre Melodram. The Wojciech Bogus\u0142awski Theatre (1922\u201326), was the best example of \"Polish monumental theatre\". From the mid-1930s, the Great Theatre building housed the Upati Institute of Dramatic Arts \u2013 the first state-run academy of dramatic art, with an acting department and a stage directing department.\nQuestion:\nWhat is the Saxon Garden in Polish?\nAnswer: \n", "output_text": " Ogr\u00f3d Saski" } ]