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---
tags:
- sentence-transformers
- sentence-similarity
- feature-extraction
- generated_from_trainer
- dataset_size:6612
- loss:MatryoshkaLoss
- loss:MultipleNegativesRankingLoss
base_model: Snowflake/snowflake-arctic-embed-m
widget:
- source_sentence: Who besought that the words might be preached to them the next
sabbath?
sentences:
- 'But the midwives feared God, and did not as the king of Egypt commanded them,
but saved the men children alive. And the king of Egypt called for the midwives,
and said unto them, Why have ye done this thing, and have saved the men children
alive? And the midwives said unto Pharaoh, Because the Hebrew women [are] not
as the Egyptian women; for they [are] lively, and are delivered ere the midwives
come in unto them. Therefore God dealt well with the midwives: and the people
multiplied, and waxed very mighty. And it came to pass, because the midwives feared
God, that he made them houses. And Pharaoh charged all his people, saying, Every
son that is born ye shall cast into the river, and every daughter ye shall save
alive.'
- 'And the watchman cried, and told the king. And the king said, If he [be] alone,
[there is] tidings in his mouth. And he came apace, and drew near. And the watchman
saw another man running: and the watchman called unto the porter, and said, Behold
[another] man running alone. And the king said, He also bringeth tidings. And
the watchman said, Me thinketh the running of the foremost is like the running
of Ahimaaz the son of Zadok. And the king said, He [is] a good man, and cometh
with good tidings. And Ahimaaz called, and said unto the king, All is well. And
he fell down to the earth upon his face before the king, and said, Blessed [be]
the LORD thy God, which hath delivered up the men that lifted up their hand against
my lord the king. And the king said, [Is] the young man Absalom safe? And Ahimaaz
answered, When Joab sent the king’s servant, and [me] thy servant, I saw a great
tumult, but I knew not what [it was]. And the king said [unto him], Turn aside,
[and] stand here. And he turned aside, and stood still. And, behold, Cushi came;
and Cushi said, Tidings, my lord the king: for the LORD hath avenged thee this
day of all them that rose up against thee. And the king said unto Cushi, [Is]
the young man Absalom safe? And Cushi answered, The enemies of my lord the king,
and all that rise against thee to do [thee] hurt, be as [that] young man [is].'
- 'Behold, ye despisers, and wonder, and perish: for I work a work in your days,
a work which ye shall in no wise believe, though a man declare it unto you. And
when the Jews were gone out of the synagogue, the Gentiles besought that these
words might be preached to them the next sabbath. Now when the congregation was
broken up, many of the Jews and religious proselytes followed Paul and Barnabas:
who, speaking to them, persuaded them to continue in the grace of God. And the
next sabbath day came almost the whole city together to hear the word of God.
But when the Jews saw the multitudes, they were filled with envy, and spake against
those things which were spoken by Paul, contradicting and blaspheming. Then Paul
and Barnabas waxed bold, and said, It was necessary that the word of God should
first have been spoken to you: but seeing ye put it from you, and judge yourselves
unworthy of everlasting life, lo, we turn to the Gentiles. For so hath the Lord
commanded us, [saying], I have set thee to be a light of the Gentiles, that thou
shouldest be for salvation unto the ends of the earth. And when the Gentiles heard
this, they were glad, and glorified the word of the Lord: and as many as were
ordained to eternal life believed.'
- source_sentence: What will the LORD do if the people hearken unto Him and keep His
commandments?
sentences:
- 'And ye shall not go out of the door of the tabernacle of the congregation [in]
seven days, until the days of your consecration be at an end: for seven days shall
he consecrate you. As he hath done this day, [so] the LORD hath commanded to do,
to make an atonement for you. Therefore shall ye abide [at] the door of the tabernacle
of the congregation day and night seven days, and keep the charge of the LORD,
that ye die not: for so I am commanded. So Aaron and his sons did all things which
the LORD commanded by the hand of Moses.'
- 'Then all Israel gathered themselves to David unto Hebron, saying, Behold, we
[are] thy bone and thy flesh. And moreover in time past, even when Saul was king,
thou [wast] he that leddest out and broughtest in Israel: and the LORD thy God
said unto thee, Thou shalt feed my people Israel, and thou shalt be ruler over
my people Israel. Therefore came all the elders of Israel to the king to Hebron;
and David made a covenant with them in Hebron before the LORD; and they anointed
David king over Israel, according to the word of the LORD by Samuel. And David
and all Israel went to Jerusalem, which [is] Jebus; where the Jebusites [were],
the inhabitants of the land. And the inhabitants of Jebus said to David, Thou
shalt not come hither. Nevertheless David took the castle of Zion, which [is]
the city of David. And David said, Whosoever smiteth the Jebusites first shall
be chief and captain. So Joab the son of Zeruiah went first up, and was chief.
And David dwelt in the castle; therefore they called it the city of David. And
he built the city round about, even from Millo round about: and Joab repaired
the rest of the city.'
- 'For I will have respect unto you, and make you fruitful, and multiply you, and
establish my covenant with you. And ye shall eat old store, and bring forth the
old because of the new. And I will set my tabernacle among you: and my soul shall
not abhor you. And I will walk among you, and will be your God, and ye shall be
my people. I [am] the LORD your God, which brought you forth out of the land of
Egypt, that ye should not be their bondmen; and I have broken the bands of your
yoke, and made you go upright. But if ye will not hearken unto me, and will not
do all these commandments; And if ye shall despise my statutes, or if your soul
abhor my judgments, so that ye will not do all my commandments, [but] that ye
break my covenant: I also will do this unto you; I will even appoint over you
terror, consumption, and the burning ague, that shall consume the eyes, and cause
sorrow of heart: and ye shall sow your seed in vain, for your enemies shall eat
it.'
- source_sentence: How are the nations that fight against Ariel described in their
outcome?
sentences:
- 'Then the LORD put forth his hand, and touched my mouth. And the LORD said unto
me, Behold, I have put my words in thy mouth. See, I have this day set thee over
the nations and over the kingdoms, to root out, and to pull down, and to destroy,
and to throw down, to build, and to plant. Moreover the word of the LORD came
unto me, saying, Jeremiah, what seest thou? And I said, I see a rod of an almond
tree. Then said the LORD unto me, Thou hast well seen: for I will hasten my word
to perform it. And the word of the LORD came unto me the second time, saying,
What seest thou? And I said, I see a seething pot; and the face thereof [is] toward
the north. Then the LORD said unto me, Out of the north an evil shall break forth
upon all the inhabitants of the land. For, lo, I will call all the families of
the kingdoms of the north, saith the LORD; and they shall come, and they shall
set every one his throne at the entering of the gates of Jerusalem, and against
all the walls thereof round about, and against all the cities of Judah. And I
will utter my judgments against them touching all their wickedness, who have forsaken
me, and have burned incense unto other gods, and worshipped the works of their
own hands.'
- 'Woe to Ariel, to Ariel, the city [where] David dwelt! add ye year to year; let
them kill sacrifices. Yet I will distress Ariel, and there shall be heaviness
and sorrow: and it shall be unto me as Ariel. And I will camp against thee round
about, and will lay siege against thee with a mount, and I will raise forts against
thee. And thou shalt be brought down, [and] shalt speak out of the ground, and
thy speech shall be low out of the dust, and thy voice shall be, as of one that
hath a familiar spirit, out of the ground, and thy speech shall whisper out of
the dust. Moreover the multitude of thy strangers shall be like small dust, and
the multitude of the terrible ones [shall be] as chaff that passeth away: yea,
it shall be at an instant suddenly. Thou shalt be visited of the LORD of hosts
with thunder, and with earthquake, and great noise, with storm and tempest, and
the flame of devouring fire. And the multitude of all the nations that fight against
Ariel, even all that fight against her and her munition, and that distress her,
shall be as a dream of a night vision. It shall even be as when an hungry [man]
dreameth, and, behold, he eateth; but he awaketh, and his soul is empty: or as
when a thirsty man dreameth, and, behold, he drinketh; but he awaketh, and, behold,
[he is] faint, and his soul hath appetite: so shall the multitude of all the nations
be, that fight against mount Zion.'
- And they were both naked, the man and his wife, and were not ashamed.
- source_sentence: What will happen to the horn and arm of Moab according to the LORD?
sentences:
- 'The horn of Moab is cut off, and his arm is broken, saith the LORD. Make ye him
drunken: for he magnified [himself] against the LORD: Moab also shall wallow in
his vomit, and he also shall be in derision. For was not Israel a derision unto
thee? was he found among thieves? for since thou spakest of him, thou skippedst
for joy. O ye that dwell in Moab, leave the cities, and dwell in the rock, and
be like the dove [that] maketh her nest in the sides of the hole’s mouth. We have
heard the pride of Moab, (he is exceeding proud) his loftiness, and his arrogancy,
and his pride, and the haughtiness of his heart. I know his wrath, saith the LORD;
but [it shall] not [be] so; his lies shall not so effect [it]. Therefore will
I howl for Moab, and I will cry out for all Moab; [mine heart] shall mourn for
the men of Kirheres. O vine of Sibmah, I will weep for thee with the weeping of
Jazer: thy plants are gone over the sea, they reach [even] to the sea of Jazer:
the spoiler is fallen upon thy summer fruits and upon thy vintage.'
- 'Wherefore be ye not unwise, but understanding what the will of the Lord [is].
And be not drunk with wine, wherein is excess; but be filled with the Spirit;
Speaking to yourselves in psalms and hymns and spiritual songs, singing and making
melody in your heart to the Lord; Giving thanks always for all things unto God
and the Father in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ; Submitting yourselves one
to another in the fear of God. Wives, submit yourselves unto your own husbands,
as unto the Lord. For the husband is the head of the wife, even as Christ is the
head of the church: and he is the saviour of the body. Therefore as the church
is subject unto Christ, so [let] the wives [be] to their own husbands in every
thing.'
- 'And it came to pass, when the LORD would take up Elijah into heaven by a whirlwind,
that Elijah went with Elisha from Gilgal. And Elijah said unto Elisha, Tarry here,
I pray thee; for the LORD hath sent me to Bethel. And Elisha said [unto him, As]
the LORD liveth, and [as] thy soul liveth, I will not leave thee. So they went
down to Bethel. And the sons of the prophets that [were] at Bethel came forth
to Elisha, and said unto him, Knowest thou that the LORD will take away thy master
from thy head to day? And he said, Yea, I know [it]; hold ye your peace. And Elijah
said unto him, Elisha, tarry here, I pray thee; for the LORD hath sent me to Jericho.
And he said, [As] the LORD liveth, and [as] thy soul liveth, I will not leave
thee. So they came to Jericho. And the sons of the prophets that [were] at Jericho
came to Elisha, and said unto him, Knowest thou that the LORD will take away thy
master from thy head to day? And he answered, Yea, I know [it]; hold ye your peace.
And Elijah said unto him, Tarry, I pray thee, here; for the LORD hath sent me
to Jordan. And he said, [As] the LORD liveth, and [as] thy soul liveth, I will
not leave thee. And they two went on. And fifty men of the sons of the prophets
went, and stood to view afar off: and they two stood by Jordan. And Elijah took
his mantle, and wrapped [it] together, and smote the waters, and they were divided
hither and thither, so that they two went over on dry ground.'
- source_sentence: Whom did David smite and subdue, taking Gath and her towns from
their control?
sentences:
- 'Remember, I beseech thee, that thou hast made me as the clay; and wilt thou bring
me into dust again? Hast thou not poured me out as milk, and curdled me like cheese?
Thou hast clothed me with skin and flesh, and hast fenced me with bones and sinews.
Thou hast granted me life and favour, and thy visitation hath preserved my spirit.
And these [things] hast thou hid in thine heart: I know that this [is] with thee.
If I sin, then thou markest me, and thou wilt not acquit me from mine iniquity.
If I be wicked, woe unto me; and [if] I be righteous, [yet] will I not lift up
my head. [I am] full of confusion; therefore see thou mine affliction; For it
increaseth. Thou huntest me as a fierce lion: and again thou shewest thyself marvellous
upon me.'
- 'Now after this it came to pass, that David smote the Philistines, and subdued
them, and took Gath and her towns out of the hand of the Philistines. And he smote
Moab; and the Moabites became David’s servants, [and] brought gifts. And David
smote Hadarezer king of Zobah unto Hamath, as he went to stablish his dominion
by the river Euphrates. And David took from him a thousand chariots, and seven
thousand horsemen, and twenty thousand footmen: David also houghed all the chariot
[horses], but reserved of them an hundred chariots. And when the Syrians of Damascus
came to help Hadarezer king of Zobah, David slew of the Syrians two and twenty
thousand men. Then David put [garrisons] in Syriadamascus; and the Syrians became
David’s servants, [and] brought gifts. Thus the LORD preserved David whithersoever
he went. And David took the shields of gold that were on the servants of Hadarezer,
and brought them to Jerusalem. Likewise from Tibhath, and from Chun, cities of
Hadarezer, brought David very much brass, wherewith Solomon made the brasen sea,
and the pillars, and the vessels of brass.'
- 'So Shishak king of Egypt came up against Jerusalem, and took away the treasures
of the house of the LORD, and the treasures of the king’s house; he took all:
he carried away also the shields of gold which Solomon had made. Instead of which
king Rehoboam made shields of brass, and committed [them] to the hands of the
chief of the guard, that kept the entrance of the king’s house. And when the king
entered into the house of the LORD, the guard came and fetched them, and brought
them again into the guard chamber. And when he humbled himself, the wrath of the
LORD turned from him, that he would not destroy [him] altogether: and also in
Judah things went well. So king Rehoboam strengthened himself in Jerusalem, and
reigned: for Rehoboam [was] one and forty years old when he began to reign, and
he reigned seventeen years in Jerusalem, the city which the LORD had chosen out
of all the tribes of Israel, to put his name there. And his mother’s name [was]
Naamah an Ammonitess. And he did evil, because he prepared not his heart to seek
the LORD. Now the acts of Rehoboam, first and last, [are] they not written in
the book of Shemaiah the prophet, and of Iddo the seer concerning genealogies?
And [there were] wars between Rehoboam and Jeroboam continually. And Rehoboam
slept with his fathers, and was buried in the city of David: and Abijah his son
reigned in his stead.'
pipeline_tag: sentence-similarity
library_name: sentence-transformers
metrics:
- cosine_accuracy@1
- cosine_accuracy@3
- cosine_accuracy@5
- cosine_accuracy@10
- cosine_precision@1
- cosine_precision@3
- cosine_precision@5
- cosine_precision@10
- cosine_recall@1
- cosine_recall@3
- cosine_recall@5
- cosine_recall@10
- cosine_ndcg@10
- cosine_mrr@10
- cosine_map@100
model-index:
- name: SentenceTransformer based on Snowflake/snowflake-arctic-embed-m
results:
- task:
type: information-retrieval
name: Information Retrieval
dataset:
name: validation
type: validation
metrics:
- type: cosine_accuracy@1
value: 0.647912885662432
name: Cosine Accuracy@1
- type: cosine_accuracy@3
value: 0.8330308529945554
name: Cosine Accuracy@3
- type: cosine_accuracy@5
value: 0.8729582577132486
name: Cosine Accuracy@5
- type: cosine_accuracy@10
value: 0.9237749546279492
name: Cosine Accuracy@10
- type: cosine_precision@1
value: 0.647912885662432
name: Cosine Precision@1
- type: cosine_precision@3
value: 0.2776769509981851
name: Cosine Precision@3
- type: cosine_precision@5
value: 0.17459165154264972
name: Cosine Precision@5
- type: cosine_precision@10
value: 0.0923774954627949
name: Cosine Precision@10
- type: cosine_recall@1
value: 0.017997580157289778
name: Cosine Recall@1
- type: cosine_recall@3
value: 0.02313974591651543
name: Cosine Recall@3
- type: cosine_recall@5
value: 0.024248840492034688
name: Cosine Recall@5
- type: cosine_recall@10
value: 0.02566041540633193
name: Cosine Recall@10
- type: cosine_ndcg@10
value: 0.17391225053060402
name: Cosine Ndcg@10
- type: cosine_mrr@10
value: 0.7468556448592748
name: Cosine Mrr@10
- type: cosine_map@100
value: 0.020838529961750816
name: Cosine Map@100
---
# SentenceTransformer based on Snowflake/snowflake-arctic-embed-m
This is a [sentence-transformers](https://www.SBERT.net) model finetuned from [Snowflake/snowflake-arctic-embed-m](https://huggingface.co/Snowflake/snowflake-arctic-embed-m). It maps sentences & paragraphs to a 768-dimensional dense vector space and can be used for semantic textual similarity, semantic search, paraphrase mining, text classification, clustering, and more.
## Model Details
### Model Description
- **Model Type:** Sentence Transformer
- **Base model:** [Snowflake/snowflake-arctic-embed-m](https://huggingface.co/Snowflake/snowflake-arctic-embed-m) <!-- at revision fc74610d18462d218e312aa986ec5c8a75a98152 -->
- **Maximum Sequence Length:** 512 tokens
- **Output Dimensionality:** 768 dimensions
- **Similarity Function:** Cosine Similarity
<!-- - **Training Dataset:** Unknown -->
<!-- - **Language:** Unknown -->
<!-- - **License:** Unknown -->
### Model Sources
- **Documentation:** [Sentence Transformers Documentation](https://sbert.net)
- **Repository:** [Sentence Transformers on GitHub](https://github.com/UKPLab/sentence-transformers)
- **Hugging Face:** [Sentence Transformers on Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models?library=sentence-transformers)
### Full Model Architecture
```
SentenceTransformer(
(0): Transformer({'max_seq_length': 512, 'do_lower_case': False}) with Transformer model: BertModel
(1): Pooling({'word_embedding_dimension': 768, 'pooling_mode_cls_token': True, 'pooling_mode_mean_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_max_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_sqrt_len_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_weightedmean_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_lasttoken': False, 'include_prompt': True})
(2): Normalize()
)
```
## Usage
### Direct Usage (Sentence Transformers)
First install the Sentence Transformers library:
```bash
pip install -U sentence-transformers
```
Then you can load this model and run inference.
```python
from sentence_transformers import SentenceTransformer
# Download from the 🤗 Hub
model = SentenceTransformer("vijayarulmuthu/finetuned_arctic_ft-a85433c9-6284-4afb-8e87-e110823d565c")
# Run inference
sentences = [
'Whom did David smite and subdue, taking Gath and her towns from their control?',
'Now after this it came to pass, that David smote the Philistines, and subdued them, and took Gath and her towns out of the hand of the Philistines. And he smote Moab; and the Moabites became David’s servants, [and] brought gifts. And David smote Hadarezer king of Zobah unto Hamath, as he went to stablish his dominion by the river Euphrates. And David took from him a thousand chariots, and seven thousand horsemen, and twenty thousand footmen: David also houghed all the chariot [horses], but reserved of them an hundred chariots. And when the Syrians of Damascus came to help Hadarezer king of Zobah, David slew of the Syrians two and twenty thousand men. Then David put [garrisons] in Syriadamascus; and the Syrians became David’s servants, [and] brought gifts. Thus the LORD preserved David whithersoever he went. And David took the shields of gold that were on the servants of Hadarezer, and brought them to Jerusalem. Likewise from Tibhath, and from Chun, cities of Hadarezer, brought David very much brass, wherewith Solomon made the brasen sea, and the pillars, and the vessels of brass.',
'So Shishak king of Egypt came up against Jerusalem, and took away the treasures of the house of the LORD, and the treasures of the king’s house; he took all: he carried away also the shields of gold which Solomon had made. Instead of which king Rehoboam made shields of brass, and committed [them] to the hands of the chief of the guard, that kept the entrance of the king’s house. And when the king entered into the house of the LORD, the guard came and fetched them, and brought them again into the guard chamber. And when he humbled himself, the wrath of the LORD turned from him, that he would not destroy [him] altogether: and also in Judah things went well. So king Rehoboam strengthened himself in Jerusalem, and reigned: for Rehoboam [was] one and forty years old when he began to reign, and he reigned seventeen years in Jerusalem, the city which the LORD had chosen out of all the tribes of Israel, to put his name there. And his mother’s name [was] Naamah an Ammonitess. And he did evil, because he prepared not his heart to seek the LORD. Now the acts of Rehoboam, first and last, [are] they not written in the book of Shemaiah the prophet, and of Iddo the seer concerning genealogies? And [there were] wars between Rehoboam and Jeroboam continually. And Rehoboam slept with his fathers, and was buried in the city of David: and Abijah his son reigned in his stead.',
]
embeddings = model.encode(sentences)
print(embeddings.shape)
# [3, 768]
# Get the similarity scores for the embeddings
similarities = model.similarity(embeddings, embeddings)
print(similarities.shape)
# [3, 3]
```
<!--
### Direct Usage (Transformers)
<details><summary>Click to see the direct usage in Transformers</summary>
</details>
-->
<!--
### Downstream Usage (Sentence Transformers)
You can finetune this model on your own dataset.
<details><summary>Click to expand</summary>
</details>
-->
<!--
### Out-of-Scope Use
*List how the model may foreseeably be misused and address what users ought not to do with the model.*
-->
## Evaluation
### Metrics
#### Information Retrieval
* Dataset: `validation`
* Evaluated with [<code>InformationRetrievalEvaluator</code>](https://sbert.net/docs/package_reference/sentence_transformer/evaluation.html#sentence_transformers.evaluation.InformationRetrievalEvaluator)
| Metric | Value |
|:--------------------|:-----------|
| cosine_accuracy@1 | 0.6479 |
| cosine_accuracy@3 | 0.833 |
| cosine_accuracy@5 | 0.873 |
| cosine_accuracy@10 | 0.9238 |
| cosine_precision@1 | 0.6479 |
| cosine_precision@3 | 0.2777 |
| cosine_precision@5 | 0.1746 |
| cosine_precision@10 | 0.0924 |
| cosine_recall@1 | 0.018 |
| cosine_recall@3 | 0.0231 |
| cosine_recall@5 | 0.0242 |
| cosine_recall@10 | 0.0257 |
| **cosine_ndcg@10** | **0.1739** |
| cosine_mrr@10 | 0.7469 |
| cosine_map@100 | 0.0208 |
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## Training Details
### Training Dataset
#### Unnamed Dataset
* Size: 6,612 training samples
* Columns: <code>sentence_0</code> and <code>sentence_1</code>
* Approximate statistics based on the first 1000 samples:
| | sentence_0 | sentence_1 |
|:--------|:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|:-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| type | string | string |
| details | <ul><li>min: 7 tokens</li><li>mean: 17.56 tokens</li><li>max: 42 tokens</li></ul> | <ul><li>min: 13 tokens</li><li>mean: 250.95 tokens</li><li>max: 504 tokens</li></ul> |
* Samples:
| sentence_0 | sentence_1 |
|:---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|:---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| <code>What was the reason given by Elijah the prophet for the LORD's punishment on Jehoram?</code> | <code>Then Jehoram went forth with his princes, and all his chariots with him: and he rose up by night, and smote the Edomites which compassed him in, and the captains of the chariots. So the Edomites revolted from under the hand of Judah unto this day. The same time [also] did Libnah revolt from under his hand; because he had forsaken the LORD God of his fathers. Moreover he made high places in the mountains of Judah, and caused the inhabitants of Jerusalem to commit fornication, and compelled Judah [thereto]. And there came a writing to him from Elijah the prophet, saying, Thus saith the LORD God of David thy father, Because thou hast not walked in the ways of Jehoshaphat thy father, nor in the ways of Asa king of Judah, But hast walked in the way of the kings of Israel, and hast made Judah and the inhabitants of Jerusalem to go a whoring, like to the whoredoms of the house of Ahab, and also hast slain thy brethren of thy father’s house, [which were] better than thyself: Behold, with a gre...</code> |
| <code>What happened at the sixth hour until the ninth hour according to the passage?</code> | <code>And we indeed justly; for we receive the due reward of our deeds: but this man hath done nothing amiss. And he said unto Jesus, Lord, remember me when thou comest into thy kingdom. And Jesus said unto him, Verily I say unto thee, To day shalt thou be with me in paradise. And it was about the sixth hour, and there was a darkness over all the earth until the ninth hour. And the sun was darkened, and the veil of the temple was rent in the midst. And when Jesus had cried with a loud voice, he said, Father, into thy hands I commend my spirit: and having said thus, he gave up the ghost. Now when the centurion saw what was done, he glorified God, saying, Certainly this was a righteous man. And all the people that came together to that sight, beholding the things which were done, smote their breasts, and returned.</code> |
| <code>Who is commanded by the Lord to set a watchman and declare what he sees?</code> | <code>The burden of the desert of the sea. As whirlwinds in the south pass through; [so] it cometh from the desert, from a terrible land. A grievous vision is declared unto me; the treacherous dealer dealeth treacherously, and the spoiler spoileth. Go up, O Elam: besiege, O Media; all the sighing thereof have I made to cease. Therefore are my loins filled with pain: pangs have taken hold upon me, as the pangs of a woman that travaileth: I was bowed down at the hearing [of it]; I was dismayed at the seeing [of it]. My heart panted, fearfulness affrighted me: the night of my pleasure hath he turned into fear unto me. Prepare the table, watch in the watchtower, eat, drink: arise, ye princes, [and] anoint the shield. For thus hath the Lord said unto me, Go, set a watchman, let him declare what he seeth. And he saw a chariot [with] a couple of horsemen, a chariot of asses, [and] a chariot of camels; and he hearkened diligently with much heed: And he cried, A lion: My lord, I stand continually upo...</code> |
* Loss: [<code>MatryoshkaLoss</code>](https://sbert.net/docs/package_reference/sentence_transformer/losses.html#matryoshkaloss) with these parameters:
```json
{
"loss": "MultipleNegativesRankingLoss",
"matryoshka_dims": [
768,
512,
256,
128,
64
],
"matryoshka_weights": [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
],
"n_dims_per_step": -1
}
```
### Training Hyperparameters
#### Non-Default Hyperparameters
- `eval_strategy`: steps
- `per_device_train_batch_size`: 10
- `per_device_eval_batch_size`: 10
- `num_train_epochs`: 10
- `multi_dataset_batch_sampler`: round_robin
#### All Hyperparameters
<details><summary>Click to expand</summary>
- `overwrite_output_dir`: False
- `do_predict`: False
- `eval_strategy`: steps
- `prediction_loss_only`: True
- `per_device_train_batch_size`: 10
- `per_device_eval_batch_size`: 10
- `per_gpu_train_batch_size`: None
- `per_gpu_eval_batch_size`: None
- `gradient_accumulation_steps`: 1
- `eval_accumulation_steps`: None
- `torch_empty_cache_steps`: None
- `learning_rate`: 5e-05
- `weight_decay`: 0.0
- `adam_beta1`: 0.9
- `adam_beta2`: 0.999
- `adam_epsilon`: 1e-08
- `max_grad_norm`: 1
- `num_train_epochs`: 10
- `max_steps`: -1
- `lr_scheduler_type`: linear
- `lr_scheduler_kwargs`: {}
- `warmup_ratio`: 0.0
- `warmup_steps`: 0
- `log_level`: passive
- `log_level_replica`: warning
- `log_on_each_node`: True
- `logging_nan_inf_filter`: True
- `save_safetensors`: True
- `save_on_each_node`: False
- `save_only_model`: False
- `restore_callback_states_from_checkpoint`: False
- `no_cuda`: False
- `use_cpu`: False
- `use_mps_device`: False
- `seed`: 42
- `data_seed`: None
- `jit_mode_eval`: False
- `use_ipex`: False
- `bf16`: False
- `fp16`: False
- `fp16_opt_level`: O1
- `half_precision_backend`: auto
- `bf16_full_eval`: False
- `fp16_full_eval`: False
- `tf32`: None
- `local_rank`: 0
- `ddp_backend`: None
- `tpu_num_cores`: None
- `tpu_metrics_debug`: False
- `debug`: []
- `dataloader_drop_last`: False
- `dataloader_num_workers`: 0
- `dataloader_prefetch_factor`: None
- `past_index`: -1
- `disable_tqdm`: False
- `remove_unused_columns`: True
- `label_names`: None
- `load_best_model_at_end`: False
- `ignore_data_skip`: False
- `fsdp`: []
- `fsdp_min_num_params`: 0
- `fsdp_config`: {'min_num_params': 0, 'xla': False, 'xla_fsdp_v2': False, 'xla_fsdp_grad_ckpt': False}
- `fsdp_transformer_layer_cls_to_wrap`: None
- `accelerator_config`: {'split_batches': False, 'dispatch_batches': None, 'even_batches': True, 'use_seedable_sampler': True, 'non_blocking': False, 'gradient_accumulation_kwargs': None}
- `deepspeed`: None
- `label_smoothing_factor`: 0.0
- `optim`: adamw_torch
- `optim_args`: None
- `adafactor`: False
- `group_by_length`: False
- `length_column_name`: length
- `ddp_find_unused_parameters`: None
- `ddp_bucket_cap_mb`: None
- `ddp_broadcast_buffers`: False
- `dataloader_pin_memory`: True
- `dataloader_persistent_workers`: False
- `skip_memory_metrics`: True
- `use_legacy_prediction_loop`: False
- `push_to_hub`: False
- `resume_from_checkpoint`: None
- `hub_model_id`: None
- `hub_strategy`: every_save
- `hub_private_repo`: None
- `hub_always_push`: False
- `gradient_checkpointing`: False
- `gradient_checkpointing_kwargs`: None
- `include_inputs_for_metrics`: False
- `include_for_metrics`: []
- `eval_do_concat_batches`: True
- `fp16_backend`: auto
- `push_to_hub_model_id`: None
- `push_to_hub_organization`: None
- `mp_parameters`:
- `auto_find_batch_size`: False
- `full_determinism`: False
- `torchdynamo`: None
- `ray_scope`: last
- `ddp_timeout`: 1800
- `torch_compile`: False
- `torch_compile_backend`: None
- `torch_compile_mode`: None
- `include_tokens_per_second`: False
- `include_num_input_tokens_seen`: False
- `neftune_noise_alpha`: None
- `optim_target_modules`: None
- `batch_eval_metrics`: False
- `eval_on_start`: False
- `use_liger_kernel`: False
- `eval_use_gather_object`: False
- `average_tokens_across_devices`: False
- `prompts`: None
- `batch_sampler`: batch_sampler
- `multi_dataset_batch_sampler`: round_robin
</details>
### Training Logs
<details><summary>Click to expand</summary>
| Epoch | Step | Training Loss | validation_cosine_ndcg@10 |
|:------:|:----:|:-------------:|:-------------------------:|
| 0.0755 | 50 | - | 0.0982 |
| 0.1511 | 100 | - | 0.1408 |
| 0.2266 | 150 | - | 0.1546 |
| 0.3021 | 200 | - | 0.1612 |
| 0.3776 | 250 | - | 0.1655 |
| 0.4532 | 300 | - | 0.1663 |
| 0.5287 | 350 | - | 0.1710 |
| 0.6042 | 400 | - | 0.1704 |
| 0.6798 | 450 | - | 0.1713 |
| 0.7553 | 500 | 2.378 | 0.1702 |
| 0.8308 | 550 | - | 0.1727 |
| 0.9063 | 600 | - | 0.1734 |
| 0.9819 | 650 | - | 0.1741 |
| 1.0 | 662 | - | 0.1745 |
| 1.0574 | 700 | - | 0.1752 |
| 1.1329 | 750 | - | 0.1761 |
| 1.2085 | 800 | - | 0.1750 |
| 1.2840 | 850 | - | 0.1719 |
| 1.3595 | 900 | - | 0.1730 |
| 1.4350 | 950 | - | 0.1760 |
| 1.5106 | 1000 | 0.7402 | 0.1776 |
| 1.5861 | 1050 | - | 0.1757 |
| 1.6616 | 1100 | - | 0.1774 |
| 1.7372 | 1150 | - | 0.1757 |
| 1.8127 | 1200 | - | 0.1749 |
| 1.8882 | 1250 | - | 0.1745 |
| 1.9637 | 1300 | - | 0.1758 |
| 2.0 | 1324 | - | 0.1776 |
| 2.0393 | 1350 | - | 0.1772 |
| 2.1148 | 1400 | - | 0.1751 |
| 2.1903 | 1450 | - | 0.1757 |
| 2.2659 | 1500 | 0.467 | 0.1742 |
| 2.3414 | 1550 | - | 0.1748 |
| 2.4169 | 1600 | - | 0.1738 |
| 2.4924 | 1650 | - | 0.1749 |
| 2.5680 | 1700 | - | 0.1772 |
| 2.6435 | 1750 | - | 0.1772 |
| 2.7190 | 1800 | - | 0.1772 |
| 2.7946 | 1850 | - | 0.1774 |
| 2.8701 | 1900 | - | 0.1770 |
| 2.9456 | 1950 | - | 0.1757 |
| 3.0 | 1986 | - | 0.1771 |
| 3.0211 | 2000 | 0.2653 | 0.1762 |
| 3.0967 | 2050 | - | 0.1745 |
| 3.1722 | 2100 | - | 0.1748 |
| 3.2477 | 2150 | - | 0.1749 |
| 3.3233 | 2200 | - | 0.1766 |
| 3.3988 | 2250 | - | 0.1746 |
| 3.4743 | 2300 | - | 0.1749 |
| 3.5498 | 2350 | - | 0.1766 |
| 3.6254 | 2400 | - | 0.1752 |
| 3.7009 | 2450 | - | 0.1749 |
| 3.7764 | 2500 | 0.1809 | 0.1746 |
| 3.8520 | 2550 | - | 0.1751 |
| 3.9275 | 2600 | - | 0.1755 |
| 4.0 | 2648 | - | 0.1744 |
| 4.0030 | 2650 | - | 0.1747 |
| 4.0785 | 2700 | - | 0.1747 |
| 4.1541 | 2750 | - | 0.1766 |
| 4.2296 | 2800 | - | 0.1761 |
| 4.3051 | 2850 | - | 0.1745 |
| 4.3807 | 2900 | - | 0.1748 |
| 4.4562 | 2950 | - | 0.1753 |
| 4.5317 | 3000 | 0.1368 | 0.1741 |
| 4.6073 | 3050 | - | 0.1718 |
| 4.6828 | 3100 | - | 0.1730 |
| 4.7583 | 3150 | - | 0.1735 |
| 4.8338 | 3200 | - | 0.1753 |
| 4.9094 | 3250 | - | 0.1744 |
| 4.9849 | 3300 | - | 0.1752 |
| 5.0 | 3310 | - | 0.1758 |
| 5.0604 | 3350 | - | 0.1771 |
| 5.1360 | 3400 | - | 0.1758 |
| 5.2115 | 3450 | - | 0.1741 |
| 5.2870 | 3500 | 0.1178 | 0.1741 |
| 5.3625 | 3550 | - | 0.1746 |
| 5.4381 | 3600 | - | 0.1744 |
| 5.5136 | 3650 | - | 0.1740 |
| 5.5891 | 3700 | - | 0.1743 |
| 5.6647 | 3750 | - | 0.1744 |
| 5.7402 | 3800 | - | 0.1733 |
| 5.8157 | 3850 | - | 0.1747 |
| 5.8912 | 3900 | - | 0.1755 |
| 5.9668 | 3950 | - | 0.1734 |
| 6.0 | 3972 | - | 0.1740 |
| 6.0423 | 4000 | 0.0878 | 0.1745 |
| 6.1178 | 4050 | - | 0.1734 |
| 6.1934 | 4100 | - | 0.1725 |
| 6.2689 | 4150 | - | 0.1748 |
| 6.3444 | 4200 | - | 0.1743 |
| 6.4199 | 4250 | - | 0.1742 |
| 6.4955 | 4300 | - | 0.1738 |
| 6.5710 | 4350 | - | 0.1756 |
| 6.6465 | 4400 | - | 0.1746 |
| 6.7221 | 4450 | - | 0.1754 |
| 6.7976 | 4500 | 0.0697 | 0.1756 |
| 6.8731 | 4550 | - | 0.1755 |
| 6.9486 | 4600 | - | 0.1755 |
| 7.0 | 4634 | - | 0.1755 |
| 7.0242 | 4650 | - | 0.1752 |
| 7.0997 | 4700 | - | 0.1766 |
| 7.1752 | 4750 | - | 0.1745 |
| 7.2508 | 4800 | - | 0.1751 |
| 7.3263 | 4850 | - | 0.1746 |
| 7.4018 | 4900 | - | 0.1747 |
| 7.4773 | 4950 | - | 0.1742 |
| 7.5529 | 5000 | 0.0643 | 0.1743 |
| 7.6284 | 5050 | - | 0.1736 |
| 7.7039 | 5100 | - | 0.1739 |
| 7.7795 | 5150 | - | 0.1737 |
| 7.8550 | 5200 | - | 0.1736 |
| 7.9305 | 5250 | - | 0.1744 |
| 8.0 | 5296 | - | 0.1750 |
| 8.0060 | 5300 | - | 0.1751 |
| 8.0816 | 5350 | - | 0.1742 |
| 8.1571 | 5400 | - | 0.1739 |
| 8.2326 | 5450 | - | 0.1745 |
| 8.3082 | 5500 | 0.0521 | 0.1745 |
| 8.3837 | 5550 | - | 0.1746 |
| 8.4592 | 5600 | - | 0.1743 |
| 8.5347 | 5650 | - | 0.1744 |
| 8.6103 | 5700 | - | 0.1750 |
| 8.6858 | 5750 | - | 0.1749 |
| 8.7613 | 5800 | - | 0.1748 |
| 8.8369 | 5850 | - | 0.1747 |
| 8.9124 | 5900 | - | 0.1747 |
| 8.9879 | 5950 | - | 0.1746 |
| 9.0 | 5958 | - | 0.1746 |
| 9.0634 | 6000 | 0.044 | 0.1745 |
| 9.1390 | 6050 | - | 0.1742 |
| 9.2145 | 6100 | - | 0.1740 |
| 9.2900 | 6150 | - | 0.1742 |
| 9.3656 | 6200 | - | 0.1744 |
| 9.4411 | 6250 | - | 0.1739 |
| 9.5166 | 6300 | - | 0.1737 |
| 9.5921 | 6350 | - | 0.1740 |
| 9.6677 | 6400 | - | 0.1738 |
| 9.7432 | 6450 | - | 0.1739 |
| 9.8187 | 6500 | 0.043 | 0.1738 |
| 9.8943 | 6550 | - | 0.1738 |
| 9.9698 | 6600 | - | 0.1739 |
| 10.0 | 6620 | - | 0.1739 |
</details>
### Framework Versions
- Python: 3.13.3
- Sentence Transformers: 4.1.0
- Transformers: 4.52.3
- PyTorch: 2.7.0
- Accelerate: 1.7.0
- Datasets: 3.6.0
- Tokenizers: 0.21.1
## Citation
### BibTeX
#### Sentence Transformers
```bibtex
@inproceedings{reimers-2019-sentence-bert,
title = "Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networks",
author = "Reimers, Nils and Gurevych, Iryna",
booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing",
month = "11",
year = "2019",
publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
url = "https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.10084",
}
```
#### MatryoshkaLoss
```bibtex
@misc{kusupati2024matryoshka,
title={Matryoshka Representation Learning},
author={Aditya Kusupati and Gantavya Bhatt and Aniket Rege and Matthew Wallingford and Aditya Sinha and Vivek Ramanujan and William Howard-Snyder and Kaifeng Chen and Sham Kakade and Prateek Jain and Ali Farhadi},
year={2024},
eprint={2205.13147},
archivePrefix={arXiv},
primaryClass={cs.LG}
}
```
#### MultipleNegativesRankingLoss
```bibtex
@misc{henderson2017efficient,
title={Efficient Natural Language Response Suggestion for Smart Reply},
author={Matthew Henderson and Rami Al-Rfou and Brian Strope and Yun-hsuan Sung and Laszlo Lukacs and Ruiqi Guo and Sanjiv Kumar and Balint Miklos and Ray Kurzweil},
year={2017},
eprint={1705.00652},
archivePrefix={arXiv},
primaryClass={cs.CL}
}
```
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