README.md

metadata

tags:
  - sentence-transformers
  - sentence-similarity
  - feature-extraction
  - generated_from_trainer
  - dataset_size:199321
  - loss:CachedInfonce
widget:
  - source_sentence: What organization is the person excited about donating to
    sentences:
      - >-
        The superiority of Balcomy, next to Crail, Fife, in 1394 was possessed
        by Nicholas de Hay, and on 15 January that year it passed to David
        Lindsay of Carnbie. indicating that George Lauder only held Balcomy by
        hereditary feu.
      - >-
        However, Robertson pulled out of the bout citing injury and was replaced
        by Tim Means. He lost the back and forth fight via submission in the
        third round. Sullivan was expected to face Marcio Alexandre Jr. on July
        12, 2015, at The Ultimate Fighter 21 Finale. However, Alexandre pulled
        out of the fight during the week leading up to the event citing a rib
        injury and was replaced by promotional newcomer Dominic Waters. Sullivan
        won the one-sided fight via unanimous decision. Sullivan faced Alexander
        Yakovlev at UFC on Fox 18 on January 30, 2016. He lost the fight via
        knockout in the first round.
      - >-
        I am super excited about donating to the ASPCA, I really wish I had the
        financial means to be part of their monthly donation club. In my last
        post I mentioned some charms I made for some friends, one a loyal
        customer at my shop.
  - source_sentence: What are the four most famous wildlife sanctuaries in Rajasthan
    sentences:
      - >-
        There are two sets of mushroom dies in a set with several plants/fungi
        dies and I have been finding myself drawn to mushroom images lately so I
        tackled those! Each mushroom is 6 pieces!
      - >-
        Copernicia is a genus of palms native to South America and the Greater
        Antilles. Of the known species and nothospecies (hybrids), 22 of the 27
        are endemic to Cuba. They are fan palms (Arecaceae tribe Corypheae),
        with the leaves with a bare petiole terminating in a rounded fan of
        numerous leaflets.
      - >-
        The four most famous and visited wildlife sanctuaries of Rajasthan are
        Ranthambore National Park, Desert National Park, Sariska Wildlife
        Sanctuary and Bharatpur Bird Sanctuary. These natural preserves are
        world renowned for their stable and growing tiger population, which,
        until recently, was dwindling alarmingly. The sanctuaries are thronged
        by various wildlife enthusiasts and photographers who want to catch this
        majestic animal in their cameras.
  - source_sentence: >-
      What were the political ideologies of the individuals involved in the
      inoculation debate in Norfolk
    sentences:
      - >-
        Once we typed in the site information and pressed Enter, the page loaded
        and we were directed to confirm that we were at least 21 years of age.
        Now, we come to the ListCrawler homepage.
      - >-
        Interestingly, pro and anti-inoculation stances also seemed to be
        defined by political ideology. Dr. Archibald Campbell along with a group
        of Norfolk gentlemen decided to employ inoculator Dr. John Dalgleish to
        inoculate them and their families. Dr. Dalgleish published an article in
        the Virginia Gazette in support of inoculation, declaring smallpox an
        epidemic since ships coming from the West Indies constantly brought
        infected people to the area. The public of Norfolk blamed this epidemic
        on inoculation rather than the ships, and opposed inoculation
        altogether. Dr. Campbell was a Loyalist, and was the only Loyalist
        physician in Norfolk. While leaders of anti-inoculation groups,
        Maximillian Calvert and Paul Loyal, were Patriots, along with every
        other physician in Norfolk, who opposed inoculation as well.
      - >-
        Incumbent Democratic Governor Pat Morris Neff won re-election to a
        second term, defeating Republican candidate William Hawley Atwell in a
        landslide. Democratic primary 


        Governor Neff won in the Democratic party against three different
        challengers relatively comfortably, and narrowly avoided a runoff.
  - source_sentence: What is the Brazyn Roller and what makes it effective
    sentences:
      - >-
        Rolling with the Brazyn Roller. This is a killer roller with great
        "knobs" to get a little bit deeper that you can also take with you.
      - >-
        (born July 26, 1974) is a Japanese musical lyricist and keyboardist
        under Giza Studio label. She is a former member of the Japanese pop band
        Garnet Crow, primarily as the lead songwriter and keyboardist.
      - Poux is a French surname.
  - source_sentence: >-
      What items are present in the described setting along with the policy on
      pets
    sentences:
      - >-
        In 1839 Sergeant John Adams and Dr. John Conolly were impressed by the
        work of Hill, and introduced the method into their Hanwell Asylum, by
        then the largest in the country. Hill's system was adapted, since
        Conolly was unable to supervise each attendant as closely as Hill had
        done.
      - >-
        There is also a grandfather clock and two oriental lions on grey marbled
        pedestals. Pets are allowed (Charges may be applicable)
      - >-
        Investigators stated that Philoumenos appeared to have been trying to
        protect his face with his hands when a blow to his face or head severed
        one finger on each hand. Raby escaped the scene of the crime undetected.
        Raby was subsequently found to have acted alone, "without any connection
        to a religious or political entity." An investigation launched by the
        Israeli police initially failed to identify the killer. Raby was
        arrested on 17 November 1982 as he again attempted enter the Monastery
        at Jacob's Well illicitly by climbing over a wall; he was carrying hand
        grenades. Raby supplied the police with accurate details of his earlier,
        previously unsolved, crimes. These were the murder of Philoumenos; a
        March 1979 murder of a Jewish gynecologist in Tel-Aviv; the murder of
        the family of a woman in Lod, Israel in April 1979 who claimed to have
        clairvoyant powers; and an assault on a nun at the Jacob's Well holy
        site in April 1982. The nun was seriously wounded in the attack. Both
        she and the gynecologist were attacked by axe, according to prosecutors.
        Raby, a newly religious Jew, was described as unwashed, dressed in
        worn-out clothing, and audibly muttered passages of scripture in a
        strange manner. Psychiatric evaluations found that he was mentally
        incompetent to stand trial; he was committed to a mental hospital;
        details of his subsequent whereabouts are restricted by privacy
        regulations. At a court hearing after his arrest, an Israeli prosecutor
        told the court that Raby was convinced that the monastery was the site
        of the ancient Jewish Temple, and that he made an attempt on the life of
        the nun "in response to a divine command." Erroneous accounts

        Initial accounts depicted the murder as an anti-Christian hate attack
        carried out by a group of Jewish settlers, the result being what Maariv
        described as "a wave of hatred" in Greece. Reports indicating that
        "radical Jews" had tortured Philoumenos and "cut off the fingers of his
        hand" before killing him had appeared in Greek newspapers. Maariv also
        quoted an official in the Greek Orthodox Patriarchate in Jerusalem
        asserting that "the murder was carried out by radical religious Jews"
        claiming that "the Well does not belong to Christians but to Jews". In a
        2017 article in the journal Israel Studies, researchers David Gurevich
        and Yisca Harani found that false accounts blaming the slaying on
        "settlers" and "Zionist extremists" persisted even after the arrest of
        the assailant and his confinement in a mental institution, and that
        there were "patterns of ritual murder accusation in the popular
        narrative." The same theme was echoed in parts of the Eastern Orthodox
        community and by some secular sources, including Blackwell's Dictionary
        of Eastern Christianity, the Encyclopedia of the Israeli-Palestinian
        Conflict,  The Spectator and Times Literary Supplement, as well as
        Wikipedia. Gurevich and Harani contended that a 1989 account of the
        murder, published in Orthodox America, a publication of the Russian
        Orthodox Church Outside Russia, became the basis of an anti-Semitic
        ritual murder narrative, according to which a group of anti-Christianity
        Jews first harassed Philoumenos and destroyed Christian holy objects at
        the monastery, then murdered him. Veneration

        In 2009 the Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Jerusalem recognised him as a
        holy martyr of the Eastern Orthodox Church, thirty years after his
        "martyrdom". The "careful" wording of the pronouncement of the Jerusalem
        Patriarchate that canonized Philoumenos makes no mention of murderer's
        faith or ethnicity; he is described as a "vile man" a "heterodox fanatic
        visitor" and, inaccurately, as an individual who "with an axe, opened a
        deep cut across his forehead, cut off the fingers of his right hand, and
        upon escaping threw a grenade which ended the Father's life."
pipeline_tag: sentence-similarity
library_name: sentence-transformers

SentenceTransformer

This is a sentence-transformers model trained. It maps sentences & paragraphs to a 1024-dimensional dense vector space and can be used for semantic textual similarity, semantic search, paraphrase mining, text classification, clustering, and more.

Model Details

Model Description

• Model Type: Sentence Transformer
• Maximum Sequence Length: 8192 tokens
• Output Dimensionality: 1024 dimensions
• Similarity Function: Cosine Similarity

Model Sources

• Documentation: Sentence Transformers Documentation
• Repository: Sentence Transformers on GitHub
• Hugging Face: Sentence Transformers on Hugging Face

Full Model Architecture

SentenceTransformer(
  (transformer): Transformer(
    (auto_model): XLMRobertaLoRA(
      (roberta): XLMRobertaModel(
        (embeddings): XLMRobertaEmbeddings(
          (word_embeddings): ParametrizedEmbedding(
            250002, 1024, padding_idx=1
            (parametrizations): ModuleDict(
              (weight): ParametrizationList(
                (0): LoRAParametrization()
              )
            )
          )
          (token_type_embeddings): ParametrizedEmbedding(
            1, 1024
            (parametrizations): ModuleDict(
              (weight): ParametrizationList(
                (0): LoRAParametrization()
              )
            )
          )
        )
        (emb_drop): Dropout(p=0.1, inplace=False)
        (emb_ln): LayerNorm((1024,), eps=1e-05, elementwise_affine=True)
        (encoder): XLMRobertaEncoder(
          (layers): ModuleList(
            (0-23): 24 x Block(
              (mixer): MHA(
                (rotary_emb): RotaryEmbedding()
                (Wqkv): ParametrizedLinearResidual(
                  in_features=1024, out_features=3072, bias=True
                  (parametrizations): ModuleDict(
                    (weight): ParametrizationList(
                      (0): LoRAParametrization()
                    )
                  )
                )
                (inner_attn): FlashSelfAttention(
                  (drop): Dropout(p=0.1, inplace=False)
                )
                (inner_cross_attn): FlashCrossAttention(
                  (drop): Dropout(p=0.1, inplace=False)
                )
                (out_proj): ParametrizedLinear(
                  in_features=1024, out_features=1024, bias=True
                  (parametrizations): ModuleDict(
                    (weight): ParametrizationList(
                      (0): LoRAParametrization()
                    )
                  )
                )
              )
              (dropout1): Dropout(p=0.1, inplace=False)
              (drop_path1): StochasticDepth(p=0.0, mode=row)
              (norm1): LayerNorm((1024,), eps=1e-05, elementwise_affine=True)
              (mlp): Mlp(
                (fc1): ParametrizedLinear(
                  in_features=1024, out_features=4096, bias=True
                  (parametrizations): ModuleDict(
                    (weight): ParametrizationList(
                      (0): LoRAParametrization()
                    )
                  )
                )
                (fc2): ParametrizedLinear(
                  in_features=4096, out_features=1024, bias=True
                  (parametrizations): ModuleDict(
                    (weight): ParametrizationList(
                      (0): LoRAParametrization()
                    )
                  )
                )
              )
              (dropout2): Dropout(p=0.1, inplace=False)
              (drop_path2): StochasticDepth(p=0.0, mode=row)
              (norm2): LayerNorm((1024,), eps=1e-05, elementwise_affine=True)
            )
          )
        )
        (pooler): XLMRobertaPooler(
          (dense): ParametrizedLinear(
            in_features=1024, out_features=1024, bias=True
            (parametrizations): ModuleDict(
              (weight): ParametrizationList(
                (0): LoRAParametrization()
              )
            )
          )
          (activation): Tanh()
        )
      )
    )
  )
  (pooler): Pooling({'word_embedding_dimension': 1024, 'pooling_mode_cls_token': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_tokens': True, 'pooling_mode_max_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_sqrt_len_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_weightedmean_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_lasttoken': False, 'include_prompt': True})
  (normalizer): Normalize()
)

Usage

Direct Usage (Sentence Transformers)

First install the Sentence Transformers library:

pip install -U sentence-transformers

Then you can load this model and run inference.

from sentence_transformers import SentenceTransformer

# Download from the 🤗 Hub
model = SentenceTransformer("Jrinky/final_stage1")
# Run inference
sentences = [
    'What items are present in the described setting along with the policy on pets',
    'There is also a grandfather clock and two oriental lions on grey marbled pedestals. Pets are allowed (Charges may be applicable)',
    'Investigators stated that Philoumenos appeared to have been trying to protect his face with his hands when a blow to his face or head severed one finger on each hand. Raby escaped the scene of the crime undetected. Raby was subsequently found to have acted alone, "without any connection to a religious or political entity." An investigation launched by the Israeli police initially failed to identify the killer. Raby was arrested on 17 November 1982 as he again attempted enter the Monastery at Jacob\'s Well illicitly by climbing over a wall; he was carrying hand grenades. Raby supplied the police with accurate details of his earlier, previously unsolved, crimes. These were the murder of Philoumenos; a March 1979 murder of a Jewish gynecologist in Tel-Aviv; the murder of the family of a woman in Lod, Israel in April 1979 who claimed to have clairvoyant powers; and an assault on a nun at the Jacob\'s Well holy site in April 1982. The nun was seriously wounded in the attack. Both she and the gynecologist were attacked by axe, according to prosecutors. Raby, a newly religious Jew, was described as unwashed, dressed in worn-out clothing, and audibly muttered passages of scripture in a strange manner. Psychiatric evaluations found that he was mentally incompetent to stand trial; he was committed to a mental hospital; details of his subsequent whereabouts are restricted by privacy regulations. At a court hearing after his arrest, an Israeli prosecutor told the court that Raby was convinced that the monastery was the site of the ancient Jewish Temple, and that he made an attempt on the life of the nun "in response to a divine command." Erroneous accounts\nInitial accounts depicted the murder as an anti-Christian hate attack carried out by a group of Jewish settlers, the result being what Maariv described as "a wave of hatred" in Greece. Reports indicating that "radical Jews" had tortured Philoumenos and "cut off the fingers of his hand" before killing him had appeared in Greek newspapers. Maariv also quoted an official in the Greek Orthodox Patriarchate in Jerusalem asserting that "the murder was carried out by radical religious Jews" claiming that "the Well does not belong to Christians but to Jews". In a 2017 article in the journal Israel Studies, researchers David Gurevich and Yisca Harani found that false accounts blaming the slaying on "settlers" and "Zionist extremists" persisted even after the arrest of the assailant and his confinement in a mental institution, and that there were "patterns of ritual murder accusation in the popular narrative." The same theme was echoed in parts of the Eastern Orthodox community and by some secular sources, including Blackwell\'s Dictionary of Eastern Christianity, the Encyclopedia of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict,  The Spectator and Times Literary Supplement, as well as Wikipedia. Gurevich and Harani contended that a 1989 account of the murder, published in Orthodox America, a publication of the Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia, became the basis of an anti-Semitic ritual murder narrative, according to which a group of anti-Christianity Jews first harassed Philoumenos and destroyed Christian holy objects at the monastery, then murdered him. Veneration\nIn 2009 the Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Jerusalem recognised him as a holy martyr of the Eastern Orthodox Church, thirty years after his "martyrdom". The "careful" wording of the pronouncement of the Jerusalem Patriarchate that canonized Philoumenos makes no mention of murderer\'s faith or ethnicity; he is described as a "vile man" a "heterodox fanatic visitor" and, inaccurately, as an individual who "with an axe, opened a deep cut across his forehead, cut off the fingers of his right hand, and upon escaping threw a grenade which ended the Father\'s life."',
]
embeddings = model.encode(sentences)
print(embeddings.shape)
# [3, 1024]

# Get the similarity scores for the embeddings
similarities = model.similarity(embeddings, embeddings)
print(similarities.shape)
# [3, 3]

Training Details

Training Dataset

Unnamed Dataset

• Size: 199,321 training samples
• Columns: anchor and positive
• Approximate statistics based on the first 1000 samples:

  	anchor	positive
  type	string	string
  details	min: 7 tokens mean: 17.09 tokens max: 46 tokens	min: 8 tokens mean: 109.45 tokens max: 1835 tokens

• Samples:

  anchor	positive
  Where is Nagpada located	Nagpada is a neighbourhood in South Mumbai.
  What types of players are associated with Folkestone F.C., Midland Football League, and English Football League	players Folkestone F.C. players Midland Football League players English Football League players
  What is Anthony Elujoba known for in the field of Pharmacognosy	Anthony Elujoba (born 1948) is a Nigerian professor of Pharmacognosy, fondly referred to as the "village chemist" because of his involvement in research into medicinal plants. He was acting vice chancellor of Obafemi Awolowo University, Nigeria.

• Loss: cachedselfloss.CachedInfonce with these parameters:

  {
      "scale": 20.0,
      "similarity_fct": "cos_sim"
  }
  

Evaluation Dataset

Unnamed Dataset

• Size: 4,068 evaluation samples
• Columns: anchor and positive
• Approximate statistics based on the first 1000 samples:

  	anchor	positive
  type	string	string
  details	min: 6 tokens mean: 17.26 tokens max: 40 tokens	min: 6 tokens mean: 108.28 tokens max: 2233 tokens

• Samples:

  anchor	positive
  What metaphor is being used to describe collaboration in the text segment	Like two oxen in a field, tied shoulder to shoulder. With Jesus doing all of the heavy lifting.
  What titles did McGurk win while playing as a schoolboy and a student	He won consecutive MacRory Cup titles lining out as a schoolboy with St Patrick's College, Maghera before winning a Sigerson Cup title as a student at Queen's University Belfast. McGurk progressed onto the Lavey senior teams in both codes and was corner-forward on the team that won the All-Ireland SCFC title in 1991.
  What are the borders of the Trinity-Bellwoods neighborhood in Toronto	Trinity-Bellwoods is an inner city neighbourhood in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It is bounded on the east by Bathurst Street, on the north by College Street, on the south by Queen Street West, and by Dovercourt Road on the west.

• Loss: cachedselfloss.CachedInfonce with these parameters:

  {
      "scale": 20.0,
      "similarity_fct": "cos_sim"
  }
  

Training Hyperparameters

Non-Default Hyperparameters

• eval_strategy: steps
• per_device_train_batch_size: 2000
• per_device_eval_batch_size: 2000
• learning_rate: 2e-05
• num_train_epochs: 1
• warmup_ratio: 0.1
• bf16: True
• batch_sampler: no_duplicates

All Hyperparameters

Click to expand

• overwrite_output_dir: False
• do_predict: False
• eval_strategy: steps
• prediction_loss_only: True
• per_device_train_batch_size: 2000
• per_device_eval_batch_size: 2000
• per_gpu_train_batch_size: None
• per_gpu_eval_batch_size: None
• gradient_accumulation_steps: 1
• eval_accumulation_steps: None
• torch_empty_cache_steps: None
• learning_rate: 2e-05
• weight_decay: 0.0
• adam_beta1: 0.9
• adam_beta2: 0.999
• adam_epsilon: 1e-08
• max_grad_norm: 1.0
• num_train_epochs: 1
• max_steps: -1
• lr_scheduler_type: linear
• lr_scheduler_kwargs: {}
• warmup_ratio: 0.1
• warmup_steps: 0
• log_level: passive
• log_level_replica: warning
• log_on_each_node: True
• logging_nan_inf_filter: True
• save_safetensors: True
• save_on_each_node: False
• save_only_model: False
• restore_callback_states_from_checkpoint: False
• no_cuda: False
• use_cpu: False
• use_mps_device: False
• seed: 42
• data_seed: None
• jit_mode_eval: False
• use_ipex: False
• bf16: True
• fp16: False
• fp16_opt_level: O1
• half_precision_backend: auto
• bf16_full_eval: False
• fp16_full_eval: False
• tf32: None
• local_rank: 0
• ddp_backend: None
• tpu_num_cores: None
• tpu_metrics_debug: False
• debug: []
• dataloader_drop_last: False
• dataloader_num_workers: 0
• dataloader_prefetch_factor: None
• past_index: -1
• disable_tqdm: False
• remove_unused_columns: True
• label_names: None
• load_best_model_at_end: False
• ignore_data_skip: False
• fsdp: []
• fsdp_min_num_params: 0
• fsdp_config: {'min_num_params': 0, 'xla': False, 'xla_fsdp_v2': False, 'xla_fsdp_grad_ckpt': False}
• fsdp_transformer_layer_cls_to_wrap: None
• accelerator_config: {'split_batches': False, 'dispatch_batches': None, 'even_batches': True, 'use_seedable_sampler': True, 'non_blocking': False, 'gradient_accumulation_kwargs': None}
• deepspeed: None
• label_smoothing_factor: 0.0
• optim: adamw_torch
• optim_args: None
• adafactor: False
• group_by_length: False
• length_column_name: length
• ddp_find_unused_parameters: None
• ddp_bucket_cap_mb: None
• ddp_broadcast_buffers: False
• dataloader_pin_memory: True
• dataloader_persistent_workers: False
• skip_memory_metrics: True
• use_legacy_prediction_loop: False
• push_to_hub: False
• resume_from_checkpoint: None
• hub_model_id: None
• hub_strategy: every_save
• hub_private_repo: None
• hub_always_push: False
• gradient_checkpointing: False
• gradient_checkpointing_kwargs: None
• include_inputs_for_metrics: False
• include_for_metrics: []
• eval_do_concat_batches: True
• fp16_backend: auto
• push_to_hub_model_id: None
• push_to_hub_organization: None
• mp_parameters:
• auto_find_batch_size: False
• full_determinism: False
• torchdynamo: None
• ray_scope: last
• ddp_timeout: 1800
• torch_compile: False
• torch_compile_backend: None
• torch_compile_mode: None
• dispatch_batches: None
• split_batches: None
• include_tokens_per_second: False
• include_num_input_tokens_seen: False
• neftune_noise_alpha: None
• optim_target_modules: None
• batch_eval_metrics: False
• eval_on_start: False
• use_liger_kernel: False
• eval_use_gather_object: False
• average_tokens_across_devices: False
• prompts: None
• batch_sampler: no_duplicates
• multi_dataset_batch_sampler: proportional

Training Logs

Epoch	Step	Training Loss	Validation Loss
0.1	10	0.3939	0.4079
0.2	20	0.4225	0.3920
0.3	30	0.4067	0.3819
0.4	40	0.3918	0.3760
0.5	50	0.4631	0.3719
0.6	60	0.3806	0.3686
0.7	70	0.3971	0.3663
0.8	80	0.3788	0.3655
0.9	90	0.3852	0.3649
1.0	100	0.3881	0.3648

Framework Versions

• Python: 3.11.8
• Sentence Transformers: 3.4.1
• Transformers: 4.49.0
• PyTorch: 2.4.0+cu121
• Accelerate: 1.4.0
• Datasets: 3.3.2
• Tokenizers: 0.21.0

Citation

BibTeX

Sentence Transformers

@inproceedings{reimers-2019-sentence-bert,
    title = "Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networks",
    author = "Reimers, Nils and Gurevych, Iryna",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing",
    month = "11",
    year = "2019",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.10084",
}

CachedInfonce

@misc{gao2021scaling,
    title={Scaling Deep Contrastive Learning Batch Size under Memory Limited Setup},
    author={Luyu Gao and Yunyi Zhang and Jiawei Han and Jamie Callan},
    year={2021},
    eprint={2101.06983},
    archivePrefix={arXiv},
    primaryClass={cs.LG}
}