🇫🇷 French Constitutional Council Decisions Dataset (Conseil constitutionnel)

This dataset is a processed and embedded version of all decisions issued by the Conseil constitutionnel (French Constitutional Council) since its creation in 1958. It includes full legal texts of decisions, covering constitutional case law, electoral disputes, and other related matters. The original data is downloaded from the dedicated DILA open data repository and is also published on data.gouv.fr.

The dataset provides semantic-ready, structured and chunked content of constitutional decisions suitable for semantic search, AI legal assistants, or RAG pipelines for example. Each chunk of text has been vectorized using the BAAI/bge-m3 embedding model.

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🗂️ Dataset Contents

The dataset is provided in Parquet format and includes the following columns:

Column Name	Type	Description
chunk_id	str	Unique generated identifier for each text chunk.
doc_id	str	Document identifier from the source site.
chunk_index	int	Index of the chunk within the same document.
chunk_xxh64	str	XXH64 hash of the chunk_text value.
nature	str	Nature of the decision (e.g., Non lieu à statuer, Conformité, etc.).
solution	str	Legal outcome or conclusion of the decision.
title	str	Title summarizing the subject matter of the decision.
number	str	Official number of the decision (e.g., 2019-790).
decision_date	str	Date of the decision (format: YYYY-MM-DD).
text	str	Raw full-text content of the chunk.
chunk_text	str	Formatted full chunk including title and text.
embeddings_bge-m3	str	Embedding vector of chunk_text using BAAI/bge-m3, stored as JSON array string.

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🛠️ Data Processing Methodology

📥 1. Field Extraction

The following fields were extracted and/or transformed from the original source:

• Basic fields:

  • doc_id (cid), title, nature, solution, number, and decision_date are extracted directly from the metadata of each decision record.

• Generated fields:

  • chunk_id: a generated unique identifier combining the doc_id and chunk_index.
  • chunk_index: is the index of the chunk of a same document. Each document has an unique doc_id.
  • chunk_xxh64: is the xxh64 hash of the chunk_text value. It is useful to determine if the chunk_text value has changed from a version to another.

• Textual fields:

  • text: chunk of the main text content.
  • chunk_text: generated by concatenating title and text.

✂️ 2. Generation of chunk_text

The Langchain's RecursiveCharacterTextSplitter function was used to make these chunks, which correspond to the text value. The parameters used are :

• chunk_size = 1500 (in order to maximize the compability of most LLMs context windows)
• chunk_overlap = 200
• length_function = len

The value of chunk_text includes the title and the textual content chunk text. This strategy is designed to improve document search.

🧠 3. Embeddings Generation

Each chunk_text was embedded using the BAAI/bge-m3 model. The resulting embedding is stored as a JSON stringified array of 1024 floating point numbers in the embeddings_bge-m3 column.

📌 Embedding Use Notice

⚠️ The embeddings_bge-m3 column is stored as a stringified list of floats (e.g., "[-0.03062629,-0.017049594,...]"). To use it as a vector, you need to parse it into a list of floats or NumPy array. For example, if you want to load the dataset into a dataframe by using the datasets library:

import pandas as pd
import json
from datasets import load_dataset
# The Pyarrow library must be installed in your Python environment for this example. By doing => pip install pyarrow

dataset = load_dataset("AgentPublic/constit")
df = pd.DataFrame(dataset['train'])
df["embeddings_bge-m3"] = df["embeddings_bge-m3"].apply(json.loads)

Otherwise, if you have already downloaded all parquet files from the data/constit-latest/ folder :

import pandas as pd
import json
# The Pyarrow library must be installed in your Python environment for this example. By doing => pip install pyarrow

df = pd.read_parquet(path="constit-latest/") # Assuming that all parquet files are located into this folder
df["embeddings_bge-m3"] = df["embeddings_bge-m3"].apply(json.loads)

You can then use the dataframe as you wish, such as by inserting the data from the dataframe into the vector database of your choice.

📚 Source & License

🔗 Source :

• DILA open data repository
• Data.gouv.fr : CONSTIT: les décisions du Conseil constitutionnel

📄 Licence :

Open License (Etalab) — This dataset is publicly available and can be reused under the conditions of the Etalab open license.