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संदर्भः लोग समस्याओं का समाधान विकसित करने के लिए इंजीनियरिंग-डिज़ाइन प्रक्रिया का उपयोग कर सकते हैं। इस प्रक्रिया का एक चरण यह परीक्षण करना है कि क्या संभावित समाधान डिज़ाइन की आवश्यकताओं को पूरा करता है।
नीचे दिया गया अवतरण वर्णन करता है कि किसी समस्या के समाधान का परीक्षण करने के लिए इंजीनियरिंग-डिज़ाइन प्रक्रिया का उपयोग कैसे किया गया। अवतरण को पढ़ें। फिर नीचे दिए गए प्रश्न का उत्तर दें।
गॉर्डन एक एयरोस्पेस इंजीनियर थे जो मंगल ग्रह पर उतरने वाले अंतरिक्ष यान के लिए एक पैराशूट विकसित कर रहे थे। उन्हें पैराशूट के केंद्र में एक वेंट जोड़ने की जरूरत थी ताकि अंतरिक्ष यान आसानी से उतर सके। हालांकि, अंतरिक्ष यान को उतरने से पहले तेज गति से यात्रा करनी होगी। यदि वेंट बहुत बड़ा या बहुत छोटा था, तो पैराशूट इस गति से बेतहाशा झूल सकता था। यह हरकत अंतरिक्ष यान को नुकसान पहुंचा सकती थी।
इसलिए, यह तय करने में मदद के लिए कि वेंट कितना बड़ा होना चाहिए
चित्र: एक पवन सुरंग में एक अंतरिक्ष यान का पैराशूट।
गॉर्डन के परीक्षण से निम्नलिखित में से क्या पता चला?
|
[
"यदि 200 किमी प्रति घंटे की गति से जाने वाले 1 मीटर वेंट वाले पैराशूट का उपयोग करते समय अंतरिक्ष यान क्षतिग्रस्त हो गया था",
"200 किमी प्रति घंटे की गति पर 1 मीटर वेंट वाला पैराशूट कितना स्थिर था",
"क्या 400 किमी प्रति घंटे की गति पर 1 मीटर वेंट वाला पैराशूट बहुत अधिक स्विंग करेगा"
] | 1 |
closed choice
|
grade8
|
natural science
|
science-and-engineering-practices
|
Engineering practices
|
Evaluate tests of engineering-design solutions
|
People can use the engineering-design process to develop solutions to problems. One step in the process is testing if a potential solution meets the requirements of the design. How can you determine what a test can show? You need to figure out what was tested and what was measured.
Imagine an engineer needs to design a bridge for a windy location. She wants to make sure the bridge will not move too much in high wind. So, she builds a smaller prototype, or model, of a bridge. Then, she exposes the prototype to high winds and measures how much the bridge moves.
First, identify what was tested. A test can examine one design, or it may compare multiple prototypes to each other. In the test described above, the engineer tested a prototype of a bridge in high wind.
Then, identify what the test measured. One of the criteria for the bridge was that it not move too much in high winds. The test measured how much the prototype bridge moved.
Tests can show how well one or more designs meet the criteria. The test described above can show whether the bridge would move too much in high winds.
| ||
दिखाए गए कॉलोनी का नाम क्या है?
|
[
"मैरीलैंड",
"न्यू हैम्पशायर",
"रोड आइलैंड",
"वर्मोंट"
] | 1 |
closed choice
|
grade5
|
social science
|
us-history
|
English colonies in North America
|
Identify the Thirteen Colonies
|
The colony is New Hampshire.
During the colonial era, New Hampshire and New York both claimed the territory that would later become the state of Vermont. Vermont was never its own colony.
|
||
संदर्भ: नीचे उत्तरी कनाडा के एक क्षेत्र नुनावुत में एक टुंड्रा पारिस्थितिकी तंत्र से एक खाद्य जाल है।
एक खाद्य जाल यह दर्शाता है कि जीवों द्वारा खाया गया पदार्थ एक पारिस्थितिकी तंत्र के माध्यम से कैसे आगे बढ़ता है। खाद्य जाल में तीर दर्शाते हैं कि एक पारिस्थितिकी तंत्र में जीवों के बीच पदार्थ कैसे आगे बढ़ता है।
इनमें से किस जीव में ऐसा पदार्थ है जो कभी लाइकेन का हिस्सा था?
|
[
"बिलबेरी",
"मशरूम"
] | 1 |
closed choice
|
grade5
|
natural science
|
biology
|
Ecosystems
|
Interpret food webs II
|
A food web is a model.
A food web shows where organisms in an ecosystem get their food. Models can make things in nature easier to understand because models can represent complex things in a simpler way. If a food web showed every organism in an ecosystem, the food web would be hard to understand. So, each food web shows how some organisms in an ecosystem can get their food.
Arrows show how matter moves.
A food web has arrows that point from one organism to another. Each arrow shows the direction that matter moves when one organism eats another organism. An arrow starts from the organism that is eaten. The arrow points to the organism that is doing the eating.
An organism in a food web can have more than one arrow pointing from it. This shows that the organism is eaten by more than one other organism in the food web.
An organism in a food web can also have more than one arrow pointing to it. This shows that the organism eats more than one other organism in the food web.
|
Use the arrows to follow how matter moves through this food web. For each answer choice, try to find a path of arrows that starts from the lichen.
No arrow points to the bilberry. So, in this food web, matter does not move from the lichen to the bilberry.
|
|
संदर्भ: यह अंश भेड़ों में ऊन के प्रकार की विशेषता का वर्णन करता है:
भेड़ के ऊन या बाहरी कोट को अक्सर काट दिया जाता है और कपड़े और अन्य वस्त्रों के लिए यार्न बनाने के लिए उपयोग किया जाता है। ऊनी ऊन, जिसमें छोटे बाल होते हैं, आमतौर पर कपड़ों और कंबलों के लिए उपयोग किए जाते हैं। बालों वाली ऊन, जिसमें लंबे बाल होते हैं, आमतौर पर कालीनों के लिए उपयोग की जाती है।
भेड़ों के एक समूह में, कुछ व्यक्तियों के पास बालदार ऊन और अन्य के पास ऊनी ऊन होती है। इस समूह में, ऊन प्रकार की विशेषता के लिए जीन में दो एलील होते हैं। बालदार ऊन (F) के लिए एलील ऊनी ऊन (f) के लिए एलील पर हावी होता है।
यह पुनेट वर्ग दो भेड़ों के बीच एक क्रॉस दिखाता है।
ऊनी ऊन वाली संतानों और बालदार ऊन वाली संतानों का अपेक्षित अनुपात क्या है? सबसे संभावित अनुपात चुनें।
|
[
"0:4",
"4:0",
"2:2",
"1:3",
"3:1"
] | 1 |
closed choice
|
grade8
|
natural science
|
biology
|
Genes to traits
|
Use Punnett squares to calculate ratios of offspring types
|
Offspring phenotypes: dominant or recessive?
How do you determine an organism's phenotype for a trait? Look at the combination of alleles in the organism's genotype for the gene that affects that trait. Some alleles have types called dominant and recessive. These two types can cause different versions of the trait to appear as the organism's phenotype.
If an organism's genotype has at least one dominant allele for a gene, the organism's phenotype will be the dominant allele's version of the gene's trait.
If an organism's genotype has only recessive alleles for a gene, the organism's phenotype will be the recessive allele's version of the gene's trait.
A Punnett square shows what types of offspring a cross can produce. The expected ratio of offspring types compares how often the cross produces each type of offspring, on average. To write this ratio, count the number of boxes in the Punnett square representing each type.
For example, consider the Punnett square below.
| F | f
F | FF | Ff
f | Ff | ff
There is 1 box with the genotype FF and 2 boxes with the genotype Ff. So, the expected ratio of offspring with the genotype FF to those with Ff is 1:2.
|
To determine how many boxes in the Punnett square represent offspring with a woolly fleece or a hairy fleece, consider whether each phenotype is the dominant or recessive allele's version of the fleece type trait. The question tells you that the F allele, which is for a hairy fleece, is dominant over the f allele, which is for a woolly fleece.
A woolly fleece is the recessive allele's version of the fleece type trait. A sheep with the recessive version of the fleece type trait must have only recessive alleles for the fleece type gene. So, offspring with a woolly fleece must have the genotype ff.
All 4 boxes in the Punnett square have the genotype ff.
A hairy fleece is the dominant allele's version of the fleece type trait. A sheep with the dominant version of the fleece type trait must have at least one dominant allele for the fleece type gene. So, offspring with a hairy fleece must have the genotype FF or Ff.
There are 0 boxes in the Punnett square with the genotype FF or Ff.
So, the expected ratio of offspring with a woolly fleece to offspring with a hairy fleece is 4:0. This means that, based on the Punnett square, this cross will always produce offspring with a woolly fleece. This cross is expected to never produce offspring with a hairy fleece.
|
|
संदर्भ: सबसे अच्छा उत्तर चुनें।
इन तीन वस्तुओं में कौन सा गुण समान है?
|
[
"चमकदार",
"फिसलन",
"अपारदर्शी"
] | 2 |
closed choice
|
grade4
|
natural science
|
physics
|
Materials
|
Compare properties of objects
|
An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it.
Different objects can have properties in common. You can use these properties to put objects into groups. Grouping objects by their properties is called classification.
|
Look at each object.
For each object, decide if it has that property.
An opaque object does not let light through. All three objects are opaque.
A slippery object is hard to hold onto or stand on. The tortoise shell and the basketball are not slippery.
A shiny object reflects a lot of light. You can usually see your reflection in a shiny object. The crown is shiny, but the basketball is not.
The property that all three objects have in common is opaque.
|
|
संदर्भ: नीचे दी गई छवियाँ चुम्बकों के दो जोड़े दिखाती हैं। अलग-अलग जोड़ों में चुम्बक एक दूसरे को प्रभावित नहीं करते हैं। दिखाए गए सभी चुम्बक एक ही सामग्री से बने हैं, लेकिन उनमें से कुछ अलग-अलग आकार और आकृति के हैं।
प्रत्येक जोड़े में चुम्बकों के बीच चुंबकीय बल के बारे में सोचें। निम्नलिखित में से कौन सा कथन सत्य है?
|
[
"दोनों जोड़ों में चुंबकीय बल का परिमाण समान है।",
"जोड़ी 1 में चुंबकीय बल का परिमाण कम है।",
"जोड़ी 2 में चुंबकीय बल का परिमाण कम है।"
] | 2 |
closed choice
|
grade8
|
natural science
|
physics
|
Velocity, acceleration, and forces
|
Compare magnitudes of magnetic forces
|
Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces.
The strength of a force is called its magnitude. The greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between two magnets, the more strongly the magnets attract or repel each other.
You can change the magnitude of a magnetic force between two magnets by using magnets of different sizes. The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller when the magnets are smaller.
|
Magnet sizes affect the magnitude of the magnetic force. Imagine magnets that are the same shape and made of the same material. The smaller the magnets, the smaller the magnitude of the magnetic force between them.
Magnet A is the same size in both pairs. But Magnet B is smaller in Pair 2 than in Pair 1. So, the magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 2 than in Pair 1.
|
|
व्योमिंग की राजधानी क्या है?
|
[
"फीनिक्स",
"बैटन रूज",
"होनोलुलु",
"चेयेन"
] | 3 |
closed choice
|
grade4
|
social science
|
geography
|
State capitals
|
Identify state capitals of the West
|
Cheyenne is the capital of Wyoming.
|
||
संदर्भ: नीचे दिए गए प्रश्न का उत्तर देने के लिए डेटा का उपयोग करें।
हमारे सौर मंडल के बारे में निम्नलिखित कथन सत्य है या असत्य?
सबसे बड़ा ग्रह मुख्य रूप से बर्फ से बना है।
|
[
"सत्य",
"असत्य"
] | 1 |
true-or false
|
grade6
|
natural science
|
earth-science
|
Astronomy
|
Analyze data to compare properties of planets
|
A planet's volume tells you the size of the planet.
The primary composition of a planet is what the planet is made mainly of. In our solar system, planets are made mainly of rock, gas, or ice.
|
The table tells you that Jupiter is the largest planet and that Jupiter is made mainly of gas. So, the largest planet is made mainly of gas.
|
|
संदर्भ: नीचे विस्कॉन्सिन में मीठे पानी की झील पारिस्थितिकी तंत्र लिटिल रॉक झील से एक खाद्य जाल है।
एक खाद्य जाल मॉडल है कि जीवों द्वारा खाया गया पदार्थ एक पारिस्थितिकी तंत्र के माध्यम से कैसे आगे बढ़ता है। एक खाद्य जाल में तीर दर्शाते हैं कि एक पारिस्थितिकी तंत्र में जीवों के बीच पदार्थ कैसे आगे बढ़ता है।
निम्नलिखित में से कौन सा जीव इस खाद्य जाल में प्राथमिक उपभोक्ता है?
|
[
"कोपपॉड",
"ब्लैक क्रैपी",
"बैक्टीरिया"
] | 0 |
closed choice
|
grade5
|
natural science
|
biology
|
Ecosystems
|
Interpret food webs I
|
A food web is a model.
A food web shows where organisms in an ecosystem get their food. Models can make things in nature easier to understand because models can represent complex things in a simpler way. If a food web showed every organism in an ecosystem, the food web would be hard to understand. So, each food web shows how some organisms in an ecosystem can get their food.
Arrows show how matter moves.
A food web has arrows that point from one organism to another. Each arrow shows the direction that matter moves when one organism eats another organism. An arrow starts from the organism that is eaten. The arrow points to the organism that is doing the eating.
An organism in a food web can have more than one arrow pointing from it. This shows that the organism is eaten by more than one other organism in the food web.
An organism in a food web can also have more than one arrow pointing to it. This shows that the organism eats more than one other organism in the food web.
|
Primary consumers eat producers. So, in a food web, primary consumers have arrows pointing to them from producers.
The rotifer has an arrow pointing to it from the green algae. The green algae is a producer, so the rotifer is a primary consumer.
The copepod has an arrow pointing to it from the golden algae. The golden algae is a producer, so the copepod is a primary consumer.
The black crappie has arrows pointing to it from the water flea, the rotifer, and the shiner. None of these organisms is a produce, so the black crappie is not a primary consumer.
The bacteria have arrows pointing to them from the copepod and the shiner. Neither the copepod nor the shiner is a producer, so the bacteria are not primary consumers.
|
|
संदर्भ: नीचे दी गई छवियाँ चुम्बकों के दो जोड़े दिखाती हैं। अलग-अलग जोड़ों में चुम्बक एक दूसरे को प्रभावित नहीं करते हैं। दिखाए गए सभी चुम्बक एक ही पदार्थ से बने हैं।
प्रत्येक जोड़े में चुम्बकों के बीच चुंबकीय बल के बारे में सोचें। निम्नलिखित में से कौन सा कथन सत्य है?
|
[
"जोड़ी 2 में चुंबकीय बल अधिक मजबूत है।",
"जोड़ी 1 में चुंबकीय बल अधिक मजबूत है।",
"दोनों जोड़ों में चुंबकीय बल की ताकत समान है।"
] | 1 |
closed choice
|
grade4
|
natural science
|
physics
|
Magnets
|
Compare strengths of magnetic forces
|
Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart.
These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces. The stronger the magnetic force between two magnets, the more strongly the magnets attract or repel each other.
You can change the strength of a magnetic force between two magnets by changing the distance between them. The magnetic force is stronger when the magnets are closer together.
|
Distance affects the strength of the magnetic force. When magnets are closer together, the magnetic force between them is stronger.
The magnets in Pair 1 are closer together than the magnets in Pair 2. So, the magnetic force is stronger in Pair 1 than in Pair 2.
|
|
संदर्भ: चित्र: डेनट्री वर्षा वन।
डेनट्री वर्षा वन उत्तरपूर्वी ऑस्ट्रेलिया में एक उष्णकटिबंधीय वर्षा वन पारिस्थितिकी तंत्र है।
डेनट्री वर्षा वन पारिस्थितिकी तंत्र का बेहतर वर्णन कौन करता है?
|
[
"इसमें साल भर बारिश होती है। इसकी मिट्टी भी पोषक तत्वों में खराब है।",
"इसमें सर्दियाँ बहुत ठंडी होती हैं। इसमें कई अलग-अलग प्रकार के जीव भी पाए जाते हैं।"
] | 0 |
closed choice
|
grade3
|
natural science
|
biology
|
Ecosystems
|
Describe ecosystems
|
An ecosystem is formed when living and nonliving things interact in an environment. There are many types of ecosystems. Here are some ways in which ecosystems can differ from each other:
the pattern of weather, or climate
the type of soil or water
the organisms that live there
|
A tropical rain forest is a type of ecosystem. Tropical rain forests have the following features: year-round rain and warm temperatures, soil that is poor in nutrients, and many different types of organisms. So, the Daintree rain forest has year-round rain. It also has soil that is poor in nutrients.
|
|
डेलावेयर की राजधानी क्या है?
|
[
"मोंटपेलियर",
"ट्रेंटन",
"डोवर",
"जॉर्जटाउन"
] | 2 |
closed choice
|
grade3
|
social science
|
geography
|
State capitals
|
Identify state capitals of the Northeast
|
Dover is the capital of Delaware.
|
||
इनमें से कौन सा राज्य सबसे उत्तर में है?
|
[
"मेन",
"साउथ कैरोलिना",
"कैनसस",
"डेलावेयर"
] | 0 |
closed choice
|
grade3
|
social science
|
geography
|
Geography
|
Read a map: cardinal directions
|
Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west.
A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction.
The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north is at the top of the map.
|
To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the north arrow is pointing. Maine is farthest north.
|
|
संदर्भ: व्यापार तब होता है जब लोग वस्तुओं और सेवाओं का आदान-प्रदान करने के लिए सहमत होते हैं। लोग कुछ और पाने के लिए कुछ छोड़ देते हैं। कभी-कभी लोग वस्तु विनिमय करते हैं, या सीधे एक वस्तु या सेवा का दूसरे से आदान-प्रदान करते हैं।
ग्रेटा और एली स्कूल कैफेटेरिया में अपने लंच बॉक्स खोलती हैं। दोनों अपने लंच से खुश हो सकती थीं। ग्रेटा अपने लंच में ब्रोकली चाहती थी और एली टमाटर की उम्मीद कर रही थी। उनके लंच की तस्वीरों को देखें। फिर नीचे दिए गए प्रश्न का उत्तर दें।
ग्रेटा और एली क्या व्यापार कर सकती हैं ताकि प्रत्येक को वह मिल जाए जो वे चाहते हैं?
|
[
"ग्रेटा अपने टमाटरों के बदले एली की सैंडविच दे सकती है।",
"एली अपनी ब्रोकली के बदले ग्रेटा के संतरे दे सकती है।",
"एली अपने बादामों के बदले ग्रेटा के टमाटर दे सकती",
"Greta can trade her tomatoes for Allie's broccoli."
] | 3 |
closed choice
|
grade6
|
social science
|
economics
|
Basic economic principles
|
Trade and specialization
|
Greta wanted broccoli in her lunch and Allie was hoping for tomatoes. Look at the labeled part of the images.
Greta has tomatoes. Allie has broccoli. They can trade tomatoes for broccoli to both be happier. Trading other things would not help either person get more items they want.
|
||
कोलोराडो की राजधानी क्या है?
|
[
"बोल्डर",
"फीनिक्स",
"कोलोराडो स्प्रिंग्स",
"डेनवर"
] | 3 |
closed choice
|
grade5
|
social science
|
geography
|
State capitals
|
Identify the 50 state capitals
|
Denver is the capital of Colorado.
|
||
कौन सा महाद्वीप हाइलाइट किया गया है?
|
[
"अफ्रीका",
"उत्तरी अमेरिका",
"दक्षिण अमेरिका",
"एशिया"
] | 3 |
closed choice
|
grade5
|
social science
|
geography
|
Oceans and continents
|
Identify oceans and continents
|
A continent is one of the major land masses on the earth. Most people say there are seven continents.
|
This continent is Asia.
|
|
संदर्भ: नीचे दिया गया गद्यांश एक प्रयोग का वर्णन करता है। गद्यांश को पढ़ें और फिर नीचे दिए गए निर्देशों का पालन करें।
चेस ने अपने यार्ड के चारों ओर प्लेटफ़ॉर्म बर्ड फीडरों के पाँच जोड़े स्थापित किए। उन्होंने प्रत्येक जोड़ी में एक फीडर को सूरजमुखी के बीजों से और दूसरे फीडर को अलसी के बीजों से भर दिया। एक सप्ताह तक, चेस ने प्रत्येक सुबह एक ही घंटे के दौरान फीडरों पर जाने वाले कार्डिनल्स को देखा। अपने अवलोकनों के दौरान, चेस ने सूरजमुखी के बीजों वाले फीडरों पर कार्डिनल्स के दौरों की संख्या और अलसी के बीजों वाले फीडरों पर कार्डिनल्स के दौरों की संख्या की गणना की।
चित्र: सूरजमुखी के बीजों वाले प्लेटफ़ॉर्म फीडर पर जाने वाला कार्डिनल।
उस प्रश्न की पहचान करें जिसका चेस का प्रयोग सबसे अच्छा उत्तर दे सकता है।
|
[
"क्या कार्डिनल्स अलसी के बीजों वाले फीडरों की तुलना में सूरजमुखी के बीजों वाले फीडरों से प्रति बार अधिक बीज खाते हैं?",
"क्या कार्डिनल्स अलसी के बीजों वाले फीडरों की तुलना में सूरजमुखी के बीजों वाले फीडरों पर अधिक बार जाते हैं?"
] | 1 |
closed choice
|
grade8
|
natural science
|
science-and-engineering-practices
|
Designing experiments
|
Identify the experimental question
|
Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. How can you identify the questions that a certain experiment can answer? In order to do this, you need to figure out what was tested and what was measured during the experiment.
Imagine an experiment with two groups of daffodil plants. One group of plants was grown in sandy soil, and the other was grown in clay soil. Then, the height of each plant was measured.
First, identify the part of the experiment that was tested. The part of an experiment that is tested usually involves the part of the experimental setup that is different or changed. In the experiment described above, each group of plants was grown in a different type of soil. So, the effect of growing plants in different soil types was tested.
Then, identify the part of the experiment that was measured. The part of the experiment that is measured may include measurements and calculations. In the experiment described above, the heights of the plants in each group were measured.
Experiments can answer questions about how the part of the experiment that is tested affects the part that is measured. So, the experiment described above can answer questions about how soil type affects plant height.
Examples of questions that this experiment can answer include:
Does soil type affect the height of daffodil plants?
Do daffodil plants in sandy soil grow taller than daffodil plants in clay soil?
Are daffodil plants grown in sandy soil shorter than daffodil plants grown in clay soil?
| ||
यह रास्ता किस सामग्री से बना है?
|
[
"प्लास्टिक",
"ईंट"
] | 1 |
closed choice
|
grade2
|
natural science
|
physics
|
Materials
|
Identify materials in objects
|
A material is a type of matter. Wood, glass, metal, and plastic are common materials.
|
Look at the picture of the path.
The path is made of bricks.
|
|
संदर्भ: पक्षियों के पंख, दो पंख और एक चोंच होती है। रॉबिन एक पक्षी का उदाहरण है।
नीचे दिए गए पक्षी का चयन करें।
|
[
"केन टोड",
"शुतुरमुर्ग"
] | 1 |
closed choice
|
grade3
|
natural science
|
biology
|
Classification
|
Identify mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians
|
Birds, mammals, fish, reptiles, and amphibians are groups of animals. The animals in each group have traits in common.
Scientists sort animals into groups based on traits they have in common. This process is called classification.
|
An ostrich is a bird. It has feathers, two wings, and a beak.
The ostrich is the largest bird alive today. Ostriches cannot fly, but they can run very fast.
A cane toad is an amphibian. It has moist skin and begins its life in water.
Toads do not have teeth! They swallow their food whole.
|
|
संदर्भ: सबसे अच्छा उत्तर चुनें।
इन तीन वस्तुओं में कौन सा गुण समान है?
|
[
"नीला",
"कठोर",
"चिपचिपा"
] | 0 |
closed choice
|
grade3
|
natural science
|
physics
|
Materials
|
Compare properties of objects
|
An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it.
Different objects can have properties in common. You can use these properties to put objects into groups.
|
Look at each object.
For each object, decide if it has that property.
A sticky object can attach or stick to other things. The toothpaste is sticky, but the soccer shorts and the water slide are not.
Blue is a color.
This color is blue. All three objects are blue.
A hard object does not change shape when pressed or squeezed. The water slide is hard, but the toothpaste and the soccer shorts are not.
The property that all three objects have in common is blue.
|
|
संदर्भ: नीचे दिया गया गद्यांश एक प्रयोग का वर्णन करता है। गद्यांश को पढ़ें और वर्णित चरों के बारे में सोचें।
केनेथ बीजों से खीरे उगाना चाहता था। उसने पढ़ा कि गमले की मिट्टी को गर्म करने के लिए हीटिंग पैड का उपयोग करने से बीजों को तेजी से अंकुरित होने या अंकुरित होने में मदद मिल सकती है। केनेथ को आश्चर्य हुआ कि क्या हीटिंग पैड का तापमान इस बात को प्रभावित करेगा कि बीज कितनी जल्दी अंकुरित होते हैं।
केनेथ ने दो पॉटिंग ट्रे तैयार कीं, जिनमें से प्रत्येक मिट्टी के दस छोटे गमलों से बनी थी। उसने प्रत्येक छोटे गमले में एक खीरे का बीज लगाया और धूप वाली खिड़की के पास पॉटिंग ट्रे को व्यवस्थित किया। उसने एक इलेक्ट्रिक हीटिंग पैड को 75°F पर सेट किया और इसे एक पॉटिंग ट्रे के नीचे रख दिया। उसने एक दूसरे हीटिंग पैड को 85°F पर सेट किया और इसे दूसरी पॉटिंग ट्रे के नीचे रख दिया। केनेथ ने प्रतिदिन गमलों का निरीक्षण किया और उसने प्रत्येक गमले में बीज के अंकुरित होने में लगने वाले दिनों की संख्या गिन ली।
संकेत: एक स्वतंत्र चर वह चर है जिसका प्रभाव आप जांच रहे हैं। एक आश्रित चर वह चर है जिसे आप मापते हैं।
चित्र: एक पॉटिंग ट्रे में पौधों को अंकुरित करना।
इस प्रयोग में निम्नलिखित में से कौन सा एक आश्रित चर था?
|
[
"हीटिंग पैड का तापमान",
"बीज के अंकुरित होने तक के दिनों की संख्या"
] | 1 |
closed choice
|
grade6
|
natural science
|
science-and-engineering-practices
|
Designing experiments
|
Identify independent and dependent variables
|
Experiments have variables, or parts that change. You can design an experiment to find out how one variable affects another variable. For example, imagine that you want to find out if fertilizer affects the number of tomatoes a tomato plant grows. To answer this question, you decide to set up two equal groups of tomato plants. Then, you add fertilizer to the soil of the plants in one group but not in the other group. Later, you measure the effect of the fertilizer by counting the number of tomatoes on each plant.
In this experiment, the amount of fertilizer added to the soil and the number of tomatoes were both variables.
The amount of fertilizer added to the soil was an independent variable because it was the variable whose effect you were investigating. This type of variable is called independent because its value does not depend on what happens after the experiment begins. Instead, you decided to give fertilizer to some plants and not to others.
The number of tomatoes was a dependent variable because it was the variable you were measuring. This type of variable is called dependent because its value can depend on what happens in the experiment.
| ||
मिसिसिपी की राजधानी क्या है?
|
[
"डेट्रायट",
"जैक्सन",
"बिलोक्सी",
"टोपेका"
] | 1 |
closed choice
|
grade4
|
social science
|
geography
|
State capitals
|
Identify state capitals of the Southeast
|
Jackson is the capital of Mississippi.
|
||
संदर्भ: बेहतर उत्तर चुनें।
कौन सी प्रॉपर्टी इस ऑब्जेक्ट से मेल खाती है?
|
[
"स्ट्रेची",
"नीला"
] | 0 |
closed choice
|
grade2
|
natural science
|
physics
|
Materials
|
Identify properties of an object
|
An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells.
|
Look at the object.
Think about each property.
Blue is a color.
This color is blue. The melted marshmallow is not blue.
A stretchy object gets longer when you pull on it. The melted marshmallow is stretchy.
|
|
संदर्भ: यह जीव रैफ्लेसिया अर्नोल्डी है। यह वनस्पति जगत का सदस्य है।
रैफ्लेसिया अर्नोल्डी के फूल दुनिया के सबसे बड़े फूल हैं। एक फूल तीन फीट चौड़ा हो सकता है! आर. अर्नोल्डी को आम तौर पर शव का फूल कहा जाता है क्योंकि फूल में सड़े हुए मांस जैसी गंध आती है।
क्या रैफ्लेसिया अर्नोल्डी कई कोशिकाओं से बना है?
|
[
"हाँ",
"नहीं"
] | 0 |
yes or no
|
grade4
|
natural science
|
biology
|
Classification
|
Describe, classify, and compare kingdoms
|
In the past, scientists classified living organisms into two groups: plants and animals. Over the past 300 years, scientists have discovered many more types of organisms. Today, many scientists classify organisms into six broad groups, called kingdoms.
Organisms in each kingdom have specific traits. The table below shows some traits used to describe each kingdom.
| Bacteria | Archaea | Protists | Fungi | Animals | Plants
How many cells do they have? | one | one | one or many | one or many | many | many
Do their cells have a nucleus? | no | no | yes | yes | yes | yes
Can their cells make food? | some species can | some species can | some species can | no | no | yes
|
Rafflesia arnoldii is a plant. Plants are made up of many cells.
|
|
संदर्भ: टमाटर के पौधों के एक समूह में, कुछ व्यक्तियों के फल चिकने होते हैं और अन्य के फल रोएँदार होते हैं। इस समूह में, फल की बनावट विशेषता के लिए जीन में दो एलील हैं। चिकने फल (F) के लिए एलील रोएँदार फल (f) के लिए एलील पर हावी है।
यह पुनेट वर्ग दो टमाटर के पौधों के बीच एक क्रॉस दिखाता है।
चिकने फल वाली संतानों और रोएँदार फल वाली संतानों का अपेक्षित अनुपात क्या है? सबसे संभावित अनुपात चुनें।
|
[
"3:1",
"2:2",
"1:3",
"4:0",
"0:4"
] | 3 |
closed choice
|
grade8
|
natural science
|
biology
|
Genes to traits
|
Use Punnett squares to calculate ratios of offspring types
|
Offspring phenotypes: dominant or recessive?
How do you determine an organism's phenotype for a trait? Look at the combination of alleles in the organism's genotype for the gene that affects that trait. Some alleles have types called dominant and recessive. These two types can cause different versions of the trait to appear as the organism's phenotype.
If an organism's genotype has at least one dominant allele for a gene, the organism's phenotype will be the dominant allele's version of the gene's trait.
If an organism's genotype has only recessive alleles for a gene, the organism's phenotype will be the recessive allele's version of the gene's trait.
A Punnett square shows what types of offspring a cross can produce. The expected ratio of offspring types compares how often the cross produces each type of offspring, on average. To write this ratio, count the number of boxes in the Punnett square representing each type.
For example, consider the Punnett square below.
| F | f
F | FF | Ff
f | Ff | ff
There is 1 box with the genotype FF and 2 boxes with the genotype Ff. So, the expected ratio of offspring with the genotype FF to those with Ff is 1:2.
|
To determine how many boxes in the Punnett square represent offspring with smooth fruit or fuzzy fruit, consider whether each phenotype is the dominant or recessive allele's version of the fruit texture trait. The question tells you that the F allele, which is for smooth fruit, is dominant over the f allele, which is for fuzzy fruit.
Smooth fruit is the dominant allele's version of the fruit texture trait. A tomato plant with the dominant version of the fruit texture trait must have at least one dominant allele for the fruit texture gene. So, offspring with smooth fruit must have the genotype FF or Ff.
All 4 boxes in the Punnett square have the genotype FF or Ff.
Fuzzy fruit is the recessive allele's version of the fruit texture trait. A tomato plant with the recessive version of the fruit texture trait must have only recessive alleles for the fruit texture gene. So, offspring with fuzzy fruit must have the genotype ff.
There are 0 boxes in the Punnett square with the genotype ff.
So, the expected ratio of offspring with smooth fruit to offspring with fuzzy fruit is 4:0. This means that, based on the Punnett square, this cross will always produce offspring with smooth fruit. This cross is expected to never produce offspring with fuzzy fruit.
|
|
संदर्भः लोग समस्याओं का समाधान विकसित करने के लिए इंजीनियरिंग-डिज़ाइन प्रक्रिया का उपयोग कर सकते हैं। इस प्रक्रिया का एक चरण यह परीक्षण करना है कि क्या संभावित समाधान डिज़ाइन की आवश्यकताओं को पूरा करता है।
नीचे दिया गया गद्यांश वर्णन करता है कि किसी समस्या के समाधान का परीक्षण करने के लिए इंजीनियरिंग-डिज़ाइन प्रक्रिया का उपयोग कैसे किया गया। गद्यांश को पढ़ें। फिर नीचे दिए गए प्रश्न का उत्तर दें।
कूपर एक लैंडस्केप आर्किटेक्ट था, जिसे एक नया सिटी पार्क डिजाइन करने के लिए काम पर रखा गया था। सिटी काउंसिल चाहती थी कि पार्क में आउटडोर कॉन्सर्ट के लिए जगह हो और पार्क का कम से कम 20% हिस्सा पेड़ों से छायांकित हो। कूपर का मानना था कि कॉन्सर्ट क्षेत्र सड़क से कम से कम 150 मीटर की दूरी पर होना चाहिए ताकि ट्रैफ़िक का शोर संगीत में बाधा न डाले। उन्होंने पार्क के लिए तीन संभावित डिज़ाइन विकसित किए, प्रत्येक डिज़ाइन में कॉन्सर्ट क्षेत्र एक अलग स्थान पर था
|
[
"यदि प्रत्येक डिज़ाइन में पार्क का कम से कम 20% भाग पेड़ों की छाया में होगा",
"कॉन्सर्ट क्षेत्र में किस डिज़ाइन में सबसे कम ट्रैफ़िक शोर होगा",
"कॉन्सर्ट क्षेत्र और सड़क के बीच सबसे अधिक दूरी किस डिज़ाइन में होगी"
] | 2 |
closed choice
|
grade8
|
natural science
|
science-and-engineering-practices
|
Engineering practices
|
Evaluate tests of engineering-design solutions
|
People can use the engineering-design process to develop solutions to problems. One step in the process is testing if a potential solution meets the requirements of the design. How can you determine what a test can show? You need to figure out what was tested and what was measured.
Imagine an engineer needs to design a bridge for a windy location. She wants to make sure the bridge will not move too much in high wind. So, she builds a smaller prototype, or model, of a bridge. Then, she exposes the prototype to high winds and measures how much the bridge moves.
First, identify what was tested. A test can examine one design, or it may compare multiple prototypes to each other. In the test described above, the engineer tested a prototype of a bridge in high wind.
Then, identify what the test measured. One of the criteria for the bridge was that it not move too much in high winds. The test measured how much the prototype bridge moved.
Tests can show how well one or more designs meet the criteria. The test described above can show whether the bridge would move too much in high winds.
| ||
संदर्भ: दो चुम्बक दिखाए अनुसार रखे गए हैं।
क्या ये चुम्बक एक दूसरे को आकर्षित करेंगे या प्रतिकर्षित करेंगे?
|
[
"प्रतिकर्षित करेंगे",
"आकर्षित करेंगे"
] | 0 |
closed choice
|
grade5
|
natural science
|
physics
|
Magnets
|
Identify magnets that attract or repel
|
Magnets can pull or push on other magnets without touching them. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes are called magnetic forces.
Magnetic forces are strongest at the magnets' poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles: a north pole (N) and a south pole (S).
Here are some examples of magnets. Their poles are shown in different colors and labeled.
Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles.
If opposite poles are closest to each other, the magnets attract. The magnets in the pair below attract.
If the same, or like, poles are closest to each other, the magnets repel. The magnets in both pairs below repel.
|
To predict if these magnets will attract or repel, look at which poles are closest to each other.
The south pole of one magnet is closest to the south pole of the other magnet. Like poles repel. So, these magnets will repel each other.
|
|
कनेक्टिकट की राजधानी क्या है?
|
[
"हार्टफोर्ड",
"एनापोलिस",
"न्यू हेवन",
"डोवर"
] | 0 |
closed choice
|
grade5
|
social science
|
geography
|
State capitals
|
Identify state capitals of the Northeast
|
Hartford is the capital of Connecticut.
|
||
कौन सा महासागर हाइलाइट किया गया है?
|
[
"हिंद महासागर",
"अटलांटिक महासागर",
"प्रशांत महासागर",
"दक्षिणी महासागर"
] | 0 |
closed choice
|
grade8
|
social science
|
geography
|
Physical Geography
|
Oceans and continents
|
Oceans are huge bodies of salt water. The world has five oceans. All of the oceans are connected, making one world ocean.
|
This is the Indian Ocean.
|
|
संदर्भ: चित्र: यासुनी राष्ट्रीय उद्यान।
दक्षिण अमेरिका में अमेज़न वर्षावन दुनिया का सबसे बड़ा वर्षावन पारिस्थितिकी तंत्र है। इक्वाडोर का यासुनी राष्ट्रीय उद्यान, जो अमेज़न वर्षावन में है, में पौधों, पक्षियों और स्तनधारियों की कई अलग-अलग प्रजातियाँ हैं।
कौन सा कथन यासुनी राष्ट्रीय उद्यान पारिस्थितिकी तंत्र का वर्णन करता है?
|
[
"इसमें ज़्यादातर छोटे पौधे हैं।",
"इसमें कई अलग-अलग प्रकार के जीव हैं।",
"इसकी मिट्टी पोषक तत्वों से भरपूर है।"
] | 1 |
closed choice
|
grade8
|
natural science
|
biology
|
Ecosystems
|
Describe ecosystems
|
An environment includes all of the biotic, or living, and abiotic, or nonliving, things in an area. An ecosystem is created by the relationships that form among the biotic and abiotic parts of an environment.
There are many different types of terrestrial, or land-based, ecosystems. Here are some ways in which terrestrial ecosystems can differ from each other:
the pattern of weather, or climate
the type of soil
the organisms that live there
|
A tropical rain forest is a type of ecosystem. Tropical rain forests have the following features: year-round rain and warm temperatures, soil that is poor in nutrients, and many different types of organisms. So, the following statement describes the Yasuni National Park ecosystem: year-round rain and warm temperatures, soil that is poor in nutrients, and many different types of organisms. It has many different types of organisms. The following statements do not describe Yasuni National Park: year-round rain and warm temperatures, soil that is poor in nutrients, and many different types of organisms. It has mostly small plants. It has soil that is rich in nutrients.
|
|
संदर्भ: सबसे अच्छा उत्तर चुनें।
इन तीन वस्तुओं में कौन सी विशेषता समान है?
|
[
"नाज़ुक",
"उछालभरी",
"पीली"
] | 0 |
closed choice
|
grade4
|
natural science
|
physics
|
Materials
|
Compare properties of objects
|
An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it.
Different objects can have properties in common. You can use these properties to put objects into groups. Grouping objects by their properties is called classification.
|
Look at each object.
For each object, decide if it has that property.
A fragile object will break into pieces if you drop it. All three objects are fragile.
Yellow is a color.
This color is yellow. None of the objects are yellow.
A bouncy object will bounce back from the floor if you drop it. None of the objects are bouncy.
The property that all three objects have in common is fragile.
|
|
नीचे अणुओं के मॉडल देखें। मूल पदार्थ का चयन करें।
|
[
"कार्बन टेट्राक्लोराइड",
"एसीटैल्डिहाइड",
"ब्रोमीन"
] | 2 |
closed choice
|
grade6
|
natural science
|
chemistry
|
Atoms and molecules
|
Identify elementary substances and compounds using models
|
There are more than 100 different chemical elements, or types of atoms. Chemical elements make up all of the substances around you.
A substance may be composed of one chemical element or multiple chemical elements. Substances that are composed of only one chemical element are elementary substances. Substances that are composed of multiple chemical elements bonded together are compounds.
Every chemical element is represented by its own atomic symbol. An atomic symbol may consist of one capital letter, or it may consist of a capital letter followed by a lowercase letter. For example, the atomic symbol for the chemical element boron is B, and the atomic symbol for the chemical element chlorine is Cl.
Scientists use different types of models to represent substances whose atoms are bonded in different ways. One type of model is a ball-and-stick model. The ball-and-stick model below represents a molecule of the compound boron trichloride.
In a ball-and-stick model, the balls represent atoms, and the sticks represent bonds. Notice that the balls in the model above are not all the same color. Each color represents a different chemical element. The legend shows the color and the atomic symbol for each chemical element in the substance.
| ||
संदर्भ: यह जीव गुलाबी पीठ वाला पेलिकन है। इसका वैज्ञानिक नाम पेलेकेनस रूफसेन्स है।
गुलाबी पीठ वाले पेलिकन की ही प्रजाति के जीव का चयन करें।
|
[
"बैलेरिका पैवोनिना",
"टाइटो अल्बा",
"पेलेकेनस रूफसेन्स"
] | 2 |
closed choice
|
grade7
|
natural science
|
biology
|
Classification and scientific names
|
Use scientific names to classify organisms
|
Scientists use scientific names to identify organisms. Scientific names are made of two words.
The first word in an organism's scientific name tells you the organism's genus. A genus is a group of organisms that share many traits.
A genus is made up of one or more species. A species is a group of very similar organisms. The second word in an organism's scientific name tells you its species within its genus.
Together, the two parts of an organism's scientific name identify its species. For example Ursus maritimus and Ursus americanus are two species of bears. They are part of the same genus, Ursus. But they are different species within the genus. Ursus maritimus has the species name maritimus. Ursus americanus has the species name americanus.
Both bears have small round ears and sharp claws. But Ursus maritimus has white fur and Ursus americanus has black fur.
|
A pink-backed pelican's scientific name is Pelecanus rufescens.
Pelecanus rufescens has the same scientific name as a pink-backed pelican. So, these organisms are in the same species.
Balearica pavonina does not have the same scientific name as a pink-backed pelican. So, Pelecanus rufescens and Balearica pavonina are not in the same species.
Tyto alba does not have the same scientific name as a pink-backed pelican. So, Pelecanus rufescens and Tyto alba are not in the same species.
|
|
नॉर्थ डकोटा की राजधानी क्या है?
|
[
"डेस मोइनेस",
"बिस्मार्क",
"मैडिसन",
"फार्गो"
] | 1 |
closed choice
|
grade5
|
social science
|
geography
|
State capitals
|
Identify state capitals of the Midwest
|
Bismarck is the capital of North Dakota.
|
||
संदर्भ: नीचे दिया गया गद्यांश एक प्रयोग का वर्णन करता है। गद्यांश को पढ़ें और फिर नीचे दिए गए निर्देशों का पालन करें।
जेरेमिया ने अपने आँगन के चारों ओर प्लेटफ़ॉर्म बर्ड फीडरों के पाँच जोड़े लगाए। उसने प्रत्येक जोड़े में एक फीडर को सूरजमुखी के बीजों से और दूसरे फीडर को अलसी के बीजों से भर दिया। एक सप्ताह तक, जेरेमिया ने प्रत्येक सुबह एक ही घंटे के दौरान फीडरों पर जाने वाले कार्डिनल्स को देखा। अपने अवलोकनों के दौरान, जेरेमिया ने सूरजमुखी के बीजों वाले फीडरों पर कार्डिनल्स के दौरों की संख्या और अलसी के बीजों वाले फीडरों पर कार्डिनल्स के दौरों की संख्या को गिना।
चित्र: सूरजमुखी के बीजों वाले प्लेटफ़ॉर्म फीडर पर जाने वाला कार्डिनल।
उस प्रश्न की पहचान कीजिए जिसका जेरेमिया का प्रयोग सबसे अच्छा उत्तर दे सकता है।
|
[
"क्या कार्डिनल्स सन के बीजों वाले फीडरों की तुलना में सूरजमुखी के बीजों वाले फीडरों पर अधिक बार जाते हैं",
"Do cardinals eat more seeds per visit from feeders containing sunflower seeds compared to feeders containing flax seeds?"
] | 0 |
closed choice
|
grade7
|
natural science
|
science-and-engineering-practices
|
Designing experiments
|
Identify the experimental question
|
Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. How can you identify the questions that a certain experiment can answer? In order to do this, you need to figure out what was tested and what was measured during the experiment.
Imagine an experiment with two groups of daffodil plants. One group of plants was grown in sandy soil, and the other was grown in clay soil. Then, the height of each plant was measured.
First, identify the part of the experiment that was tested. The part of an experiment that is tested usually involves the part of the experimental setup that is different or changed. In the experiment described above, each group of plants was grown in a different type of soil. So, the effect of growing plants in different soil types was tested.
Then, identify the part of the experiment that was measured. The part of the experiment that is measured may include measurements and calculations. In the experiment described above, the heights of the plants in each group were measured.
Experiments can answer questions about how the part of the experiment that is tested affects the part that is measured. So, the experiment described above can answer questions about how soil type affects plant height.
Examples of questions that this experiment can answer include:
Does soil type affect the height of daffodil plants?
Do daffodil plants in sandy soil grow taller than daffodil plants in clay soil?
Are daffodil plants grown in sandy soil shorter than daffodil plants grown in clay soil?
| ||
मैसाचुसेट्स की राजधानी क्या है?
|
[
"कैम्ब्रिज",
"प्लायमाउथ",
"बोस्टन",
"डोवर"
] | 2 |
closed choice
|
grade5
|
social science
|
geography
|
State capitals
|
Identify state capitals of the Northeast
|
Boston is the capital of Massachusetts.
|
||
संदर्भ: आर्कटिक भेड़िये कनाडा के आर्कटिक और ग्रीनलैंड में रहते हैं। यह बर्फ में छिपने के लिए अनुकूलित है।
चित्र: आर्कटिक भेड़िया।
कौन सा जानवर बर्फ में छिपने के लिए भी अनुकूलित है?
|
[
"छोटी पूंछ वाला नेवला",
"आम बाज-कोयल"
] | 0 |
closed choice
|
grade3
|
natural science
|
biology
|
Adaptations
|
Animal adaptations: skins and body coverings
|
An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
The color, texture, and covering of an animal's skin are examples of adaptations. Animals' skins can be adapted in different ways. For example, skin with thick fur might help an animal stay warm. Skin with sharp spines might help an animal defend itself against predators.
|
Look at the picture of the Arctic wolf.
This Arctic wolf has white fur covering its body. It is adapted to be camouflaged in the snow. The word camouflage means to blend in.
Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation.
During the winter, the short-tailed weasel has white fur covering its body. It is adapted to be camouflaged in the snow.
The common hawk-cuckoo has a gray head, a gray-and-brown back, and a white belly with a gray-and-brown pattern. It is not adapted to be camouflaged in the snow.
|
|
संदर्भ: यह जीव एक गोलियत बगुला है। इसका वैज्ञानिक नाम अर्डिया गोलियत है।
गोलियत बगुला के समान वंश के जीव का चयन करें।
|
[
"फाल्को स्पार्वेरियस",
"अर्डिया हीरोडियास",
"टिग्रिसोमा मेक्सिकनम"
] | 1 |
closed choice
|
grade4
|
natural science
|
biology
|
Scientific names
|
Use scientific names to classify organisms
|
Scientists use scientific names to identify organisms. Scientific names are made of two words.
The first word in an organism's scientific name tells you the organism's genus. A genus is a group of organisms that share many traits.
A genus is made up of one or more species. A species is a group of very similar organisms. The second word in an organism's scientific name tells you its species within its genus.
Together, the two parts of an organism's scientific name identify its species. For example Ursus maritimus and Ursus americanus are two species of bears. They are part of the same genus, Ursus. But they are different species within the genus. Ursus maritimus has the species name maritimus. Ursus americanus has the species name americanus.
Both bears have small round ears and sharp claws. But Ursus maritimus has white fur and Ursus americanus has black fur.
|
A Goliath heron's scientific name is Ardea goliath. The first word of its scientific name is Ardea.
Ardea herodias is in the genus Ardea. The first word of its scientific name is Ardea. So, Ardea herodias and Ardea goliath are in the same genus.
Falco sparverius is in the genus Falco. The first word of its scientific name is Falco. So, Falco sparverius and Ardea goliath are not in the same genus.
Tigrisoma mexicanum is in the genus Tigrisoma. The first word of its scientific name is Tigrisoma. So, Tigrisoma mexicanum and Ardea goliath are not in the same genus.
|
|
किस देश को हाइलाइट किया गया है?
|
[
"बारबाडोस",
"डोमिनिकन गणराज्य",
"सेंट लूसिया",
"सेंट विंसेंट और ग्रेनेडाइंस"
] | 2 |
closed choice
|
grade7
|
social science
|
geography
|
The Americas: geography
|
Identify and select countries of the Caribbean
|
This country is Saint Lucia.
|
||
संदर्भ: दो चुम्बक दिखाए अनुसार रखे गए हैं।
क्या ये चुम्बक एक दूसरे को आकर्षित करेंगे या प्रतिकर्षित करेंगे?
|
[
"प्रतिकर्षित करेंगे",
"आकर्षित करेंगे"
] | 1 |
closed choice
|
grade4
|
natural science
|
physics
|
Magnets
|
Identify magnets that attract or repel
|
Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart.
Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles: north and south.
Here are some examples of magnets. The north pole of each magnet is labeled N, and the south pole is labeled S.
If opposite poles are closest to each other, the magnets attract. The magnets in the pair below attract.
If the same, or like, poles are closest to each other, the magnets repel. The magnets in both pairs below repel.
|
To predict if these magnets will attract or repel, look at which poles are closest to each other.
The north pole of one magnet is closest to the south pole of the other magnet. Opposite poles attract. So, these magnets will attract each other.
|
|
संदर्भ: यह जीव फ़्रोमिया मोनिलिस है। यह पशु जगत का सदस्य है।
फ़्रोमिया मोनिलिस को आम तौर पर टाइल सी स्टार कहा जाता है। क्या आपने देखा कि इस टाइल सी स्टार की एक भुजा गायब है? अगर टाइल सी स्टार की एक भुजा खो जाती है, तो वह समय के साथ अपनी भुजा फिर से उगा सकता है। इस क्षमता को पुनर्जनन कहा जाता है।
क्या फ़्रोमिया मोनिलिस की कोशिकाएँ अपना भोजन खुद बना सकती हैं?
|
[
"हाँ",
"नहीं"
] | 1 |
yes or no
|
grade4
|
natural science
|
biology
|
Classification
|
Describe, classify, and compare kingdoms
|
In the past, scientists classified living organisms into two groups: plants and animals. Over the past 300 years, scientists have discovered many more types of organisms. Today, many scientists classify organisms into six broad groups, called kingdoms.
Organisms in each kingdom have specific traits. The table below shows some traits used to describe each kingdom.
| Bacteria | Archaea | Protists | Fungi | Animals | Plants
How many cells do they have? | one | one | one or many | one or many | many | many
Do their cells have a nucleus? | no | no | yes | yes | yes | yes
Can their cells make food? | some species can | some species can | some species can | no | no | yes
|
Fromia monilis is an animal. Animal cells cannot make their own food. Animals get their food by digesting other organisms.
|
|
संदर्भ: चित्र: टैम्बोर बीच, कोस्टा रिका।
टैम्बोर बीच कोस्टा रिका में स्थित है, जो मध्य अमेरिका का एक देश है। शुक्रवार को टैम्बोर बीच पर 84°F तापमान मापा गया।
संकेत: मौसम वह है जो किसी निश्चित स्थान और समय पर वातावरण जैसा होता है। जलवायु किसी निश्चित स्थान पर मौसम का पैटर्न है।
क्या यह अंश मौसम या जलवायु का वर्णन करता है?
|
[
"मौसम",
"जलवायु"
] | 0 |
closed choice
|
grade3
|
natural science
|
earth-science
|
Weather and climate
|
Weather and climate around the world
|
The atmosphere is the layer of air that surrounds Earth. Both weather and climate tell you about the atmosphere.
Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Weather can change quickly. For example, the temperature outside your house might get higher throughout the day.
Climate is the pattern of weather in a certain place. For example, summer temperatures in New York are usually higher than winter temperatures.
|
Read the passage carefully.
Tambor Beach is located in Costa Rica, a country in Central America. A temperature of 84°F was measured at Tambor Beach on Friday.
The underlined part of the passage tells you about the temperature at Tambor Beach on Friday. This passage describes the atmosphere at a certain place and time. So, this passage describes the weather.
|
|
किस देश को हाइलाइट किया गया है?
|
[
"वानुअतु",
"टोंगा",
"मार्शल द्वीप",
"नाउरू"
] | 3 |
closed choice
|
grade8
|
social science
|
geography
|
Oceania: geography
|
Identify and select countries of Oceania
|
This country is Nauru.
|
||
इस विज्ञापन में मुख्य रूप से किस अलंकारिक अपील का उपयोग किया गया है?
|
[
"लोगो (कारण)",
"पाथोस (भावना)",
"एथोस (चरित्र)"
] | 1 |
closed choice
|
grade12
|
language science
|
writing-strategies
|
Persuasive strategies
|
Identify appeals to ethos, pathos, and logos in advertisements
|
The purpose of an advertisement is to persuade people to do something. To accomplish this purpose, advertisements use three types of persuasive strategies, or appeals.
Appeals to ethos, or character, show the writer or speaker as trustworthy, authoritative, or sharing important values with the audience. An ad that appeals to ethos might do one of the following:
say that a brand has been trusted for many years
include an endorsement from a respected organization, such as the American Dental Association
feature a testimonial from a "real person" who shares the audience's values
use an admired celebrity or athlete as a spokesperson
Appeals to logos, or reason, use logic and verifiable evidence. An ad that appeals to logos might do one of the following:
use graphs or charts to display information
cite results of clinical trials or independently conducted studies
explain the science behind a product or service
emphasize that the product is a financially wise choice
anticipate and refute potential counterclaims
Appeals to pathos, or emotion, use feelings rather than facts to persuade the audience. An ad that appeals to pathos might do one of the following:
trigger a fear, such as the fear of embarrassment
appeal to a desire, such as the desire to appear attractive
link the product to a positive feeling, such as adventure, love, or luxury
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The ad appeals to pathos, or emotion, by evoking feelings of parental love and concern.
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संदर्भ: ऑरेंज ओकलीफ तितलियाँ एशिया के जंगलों में रहती हैं। यह तितली मृत पत्तियों के बीच छिपने के लिए अनुकूलित है।
चित्र: ऑरेंज ओकलीफ तितली।
कौन सा जानवर मृत पत्तियों के बीच छिपने के लिए भी अनुकूलित है?
|
[
"स्ट्रॉबेरी ज़हर मेंढक",
"सूरीनाम सींग वाला मेंढक"
] | 1 |
closed choice
|
grade5
|
natural science
|
biology
|
Adaptations
|
Animal adaptations: skins and body coverings
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An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
The color, texture, and covering of an animal's skin are examples of adaptations. Animals' skins can be adapted in different ways. For example, skin with thick fur might help an animal stay warm. Skin with sharp spines might help an animal defend itself against predators.
|
Look at the picture of the orange oakleaf butterfly.
The orange oakleaf butterfly has a brown leaf-shaped body. It is adapted to be camouflaged among dead leaves, which often have a reddish or brownish color. The word camouflage means to blend in.
Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation.
The Surinam horned frog has orange-and-brown skin. It is adapted to be camouflaged among dead leaves, which often have a reddish or brownish color.
The strawberry poison frog has brightly colored skin. It is not adapted to be camouflaged among dead leaves.
|
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संदर्भः नीचे दिया गया गद्यांश एक प्रयोग का वर्णन करता है। गद्यांश को पढ़ें और फिर नीचे दिए गए निर्देशों का पालन करें।
हेलेन ने दस बाल्टी तैयार कीं, प्रत्येक में एक गैलन उबलता पानी और तीन बड़े चम्मच काले कपड़े का रंग था। हेलेन ने सफेद लिनन के कपड़े के वर्गों को पांच बाल्टियों में भिगोया, और सफेद सूती कपड़े के वर्गों को अन्य पांच बाल्टियों में भिगोया। सभी कपड़े के वर्गों को 15 मिनट तक भिगोया गया। कपड़े के सूखने के बाद, हेलेन ने वर्गों के कालेपन को प्रकाश से गहरे तक के पैमाने पर स्कोर किया। उसने लिनन के कपड़े के कालेपन की तुलना सूती कपड़े के कालेपन से की।
चित्र: कपड़ा जिसे काले रंग से रंगा गया है।
उस प्रश्न की पहचान करें जिसका हेलेन का प्रयोग सबसे अच्छा उत्तर दे सकता है।
|
[
"क्या कपड़े को 30 मिनट की तुलना में 15 मिनट तक काले रंग और पानी के मिश्रण में भिगोने पर उसका रंग गहरा हो जाता है?",
"क्या काले रंग और पानी के मिश्रण में भिगोने पर लिनन का कपड़ा सूती कपड़े की तुलना में गहरा हो जाता है?"
] | 1 |
closed choice
|
grade8
|
natural science
|
science-and-engineering-practices
|
Designing experiments
|
Identify the experimental question
|
Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. How can you identify the questions that a certain experiment can answer? In order to do this, you need to figure out what was tested and what was measured during the experiment.
Imagine an experiment with two groups of daffodil plants. One group of plants was grown in sandy soil, and the other was grown in clay soil. Then, the height of each plant was measured.
First, identify the part of the experiment that was tested. The part of an experiment that is tested usually involves the part of the experimental setup that is different or changed. In the experiment described above, each group of plants was grown in a different type of soil. So, the effect of growing plants in different soil types was tested.
Then, identify the part of the experiment that was measured. The part of the experiment that is measured may include measurements and calculations. In the experiment described above, the heights of the plants in each group were measured.
Experiments can answer questions about how the part of the experiment that is tested affects the part that is measured. So, the experiment described above can answer questions about how soil type affects plant height.
Examples of questions that this experiment can answer include:
Does soil type affect the height of daffodil plants?
Do daffodil plants in sandy soil grow taller than daffodil plants in clay soil?
Are daffodil plants grown in sandy soil shorter than daffodil plants grown in clay soil?
| ||
संदर्भ: नीचे दी गई छवियाँ चुम्बकों के दो जोड़े दिखाती हैं। अलग-अलग जोड़ों में चुम्बक एक दूसरे को प्रभावित नहीं करते हैं। दिखाए गए सभी चुम्बक एक ही पदार्थ से बने हैं।
प्रत्येक जोड़े में चुम्बकों के बीच चुंबकीय बल के बारे में सोचें। निम्नलिखित में से कौन सा कथन सत्य है?
|
[
"जोड़ी 1 में चुंबकीय बल अधिक मजबूत है।",
"जोड़ी 2 में चुंबकीय बल अधिक मजबूत है।",
"दोनों जोड़ों में चुंबकीय बल की ताकत समान है।"
] | 1 |
closed choice
|
grade3
|
natural science
|
physics
|
Magnets
|
Compare strengths of magnetic forces
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Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart.
These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces. The stronger the magnetic force between two magnets, the more strongly the magnets attract or repel each other.
You can change the strength of a magnetic force between two magnets by changing the distance between them. The magnetic force is stronger when the magnets are closer together.
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Distance affects the strength of the magnetic force. When magnets are closer together, the magnetic force between them is stronger.
The magnets in Pair 2 are closer together than the magnets in Pair 1. So, the magnetic force is stronger in Pair 2 than in Pair 1.
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वाशिंगटन की राजधानी क्या है?
|
[
"ओलंपिया",
"बर्लिंगटन",
"सिएटल",
"स्पोकेन"
] | 0 |
closed choice
|
grade5
|
social science
|
geography
|
State capitals
|
Identify state capitals of the West
|
Olympia is the capital of Washington.
|
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संदर्भ: नीचे दिया गया चित्र दो विलयनों का मॉडल है। प्रत्येक हरी गेंद विलेय के एक कण को दर्शाती है।
किस विलयन में हरे कणों की सांद्रता अधिक है?
|
[
"विलयन B",
"दोनों में से कोई नहीं; उनकी सांद्रता समान है",
"विलयन A"
] | 1 |
closed choice
|
grade6
|
natural science
|
chemistry
|
Solutions
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Compare concentrations of solutions
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A solution is made up of two or more substances that are completely mixed. In a solution, solute particles are mixed into a solvent. The solute cannot be separated from the solvent by a filter. For example, if you stir a spoonful of salt into a cup of water, the salt will mix into the water to make a saltwater solution. In this case, the salt is the solute. The water is the solvent.
The concentration of a solute in a solution is a measure of the ratio of solute to solvent. Concentration can be described in terms of particles of solute per volume of solvent.
concentration = particles of solute / volume of solvent
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In Solution A and Solution B, the green particles represent the solute. To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of green particles, look at both the number of green particles and the volume of the solvent in each container.
Use the concentration formula to find the number of green particles per milliliter.
Solution A and Solution B have the same number of green particles per milliliter. So, their concentrations are the same.
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संदर्भ: यह जीव एक धूमकेतु कीट है। इसे आर्गेमा मिट्रेई भी कहा जाता है।
इस जीव का वैज्ञानिक नाम क्या है?
|
[
"धूमकेतु कीट",
"आर्गेमा मिट्रेई"
] | 1 |
closed choice
|
grade7
|
natural science
|
biology
|
Classification and scientific names
|
Identify common and scientific names
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An organism's common name is the name that people normally call the organism. Common names often contain words you know.
An organism's scientific name is the name scientists use to identify the organism. Scientific names often contain words that are not used in everyday English.
Scientific names are written in italics, but common names are usually not. The first word of the scientific name is capitalized, and the second word is not. For example, the common name of the animal below is giant panda. Its scientific name is Ailuropoda melanoleuca.
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Argema mittrei is written in italics. The first word is capitalized, and the second word is not.
So, Argema mittrei is the scientific name.
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संदर्भ: सबसे अच्छा उत्तर चुनें।
इन तीन वस्तुओं में कौन सा गुण समान है?
|
[
"चिकनी",
"लचीला",
"फजी"
] | 0 |
closed choice
|
grade3
|
natural science
|
physics
|
Materials
|
Compare properties of objects
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An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it.
Different objects can have properties in common. You can use these properties to put objects into groups.
|
Look at each object.
For each object, decide if it has that property.
A fuzzy object is covered in soft hair. None of the objects are fuzzy.
A smooth object is not scratchy or rough. All three objects are smooth.
A stretchy object gets longer when you pull on it. None of the objects are stretchy.
The property that all three objects have in common is smooth.
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कौन सा महाद्वीप हाइलाइट किया गया है?
|
[
"उत्तरी अमेरिका",
"अफ्रीका",
"एशिया"
] | 2 |
closed choice
|
grade2
|
social science
|
geography
|
Geography
|
Identify oceans and continents
|
A continent is one of the seven largest areas of land on earth.
|
This continent is Asia.
|
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इनमें से कौन सा राज्य सबसे उत्तर में है?
|
[
"फ्लोरिडा",
"इलिनोइस",
"ओहियो",
"न्यू हैम्पशायर"
] | 3 |
closed choice
|
grade4
|
social science
|
geography
|
Maps
|
Read a map: cardinal directions
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Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west.
A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction.
The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north is at the top of the map.
|
To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the north arrow is pointing. New Hampshire is farthest north.
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संदर्भ: नीचे दी गई छवियाँ चुम्बकों के दो जोड़े दिखाती हैं। अलग-अलग जोड़ों में चुम्बक एक दूसरे को प्रभावित नहीं करते हैं। दिखाए गए सभी चुम्बक एक ही पदार्थ से बने हैं।
प्रत्येक जोड़े में चुम्बकों के बीच चुंबकीय बल के बारे में सोचें। निम्नलिखित में से कौन सा कथन सत्य है?
|
[
"जोड़ी 2 में चुंबकीय बल का परिमाण कम है।",
"जोड़ी 1 में चुंबकीय बल का परिमाण कम है।",
"दोनों जोड़ों में चुंबकीय बल का परिमाण समान है।"
] | 2 |
closed choice
|
grade6
|
natural science
|
physics
|
Velocity, acceleration, and forces
|
Compare magnitudes of magnetic forces
|
Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces.
The strength of a force is called its magnitude. The greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between two magnets, the more strongly the magnets attract or repel each other.
|
The magnets in Pair 1 attract. The magnets in Pair 2 repel. But whether the magnets attract or repel affects only the direction of the magnetic force. It does not affect the magnitude of the magnetic force.
Both magnet sizes and distance affect the magnitude of the magnetic force. The sizes of the magnets in Pair 1 are the same as in Pair 2. The distance between the magnets is also the same.
So, the magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs.
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संदर्भ: फ्लेमिंगो दलदल, नदियों और महासागरों के पास रहते हैं। वे उथले पानी में रहने वाले छोटे क्रस्टेशियन खाते हैं। फ्लेमिंगो अपना भोजन पानी में चलकर या पैदल चलकर प्राप्त करते हैं।
इसके पैर पैदल चलने के लिए अनुकूलित हैं। वे हल्के होते हैं और पक्षी के शरीर को पानी से ऊपर रखते हैं।
चित्र: फ्लेमिंगो।
किस जानवर के पैर पैदल चलने के लिए भी अनुकूलित हैं?
|
[
"कूकाबुरा",
"यूरेशियन स्पूनबिल"
] | 1 |
closed choice
|
grade5
|
natural science
|
biology
|
Adaptations
|
Animal adaptations: feet and limbs
|
An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
Arms, legs, flippers, and wings are different types of limbs. The type of limbs an animal has is an example of an adaptation. Animals' limbs can be adapted in different ways. For example, long legs might help an animal run fast. Flippers might help an animal swim. Wings might help an animal fly.
|
Look at the picture of the flamingo.
Long legs help the flamingo keep its body above the surface of the water while wading. Thin legs are easier to move through the water.
Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation.
The Eurasian spoonbill has long, thin legs. Its legs are adapted for wading.
The kookaburra has short legs. Its legs are not adapted for wading. The kookaburra uses its legs to walk and perch.
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संदर्भ: यह चित्र एशिया में एक रेगिस्तान को दर्शाता है। रेगिस्तान एक ऐसा वातावरण है जहाँ बहुत अधिक वर्षा या हिमपात नहीं होता।
रेगिस्तान में जमा तलछट से किस चट्टान के बनने की अधिक संभावना है?
|
[
"बलुआ पत्थर रेत की परतों से बनता है।",
"शेल मिट्टी की परतों से बनता है।"
] | 0 |
closed choice
|
grade4
|
natural science
|
earth-science
|
Rocks and minerals
|
How do sedimentary rocks form?
|
Material that is carried by wind, water, or ice is called sediment. Sand and mud are examples of sediment. Sediment may be deposited, or laid down, in places such as deserts and the ocean floor.
Over time, sediment can be pressed together to form sedimentary rock. You can observe a sedimentary rock to learn about the environment in which the sediment was deposited.
Each type of sediment forms a different sedimentary rock. Here are some examples of sedimentary rocks:
Sandstone forms from sand. Sand is usually deposited by wind in deserts and by water on beaches.
Shale and mudstone form from mud. Mud is often deposited at the bottom of oceans and deep lakes.
Limestone forms from sediment made mostly of the shells of marine organisms. This type of sediment is often deposited in the ocean near coral reefs.
Conglomerate forms from sediment of many different sizes, such as mud, sand, pebbles, and boulders. This type of sediment is usually carried by glaciers and fast-flowing rivers. The sediment can be deposited when a glacier melts or a river starts moving more slowly.
|
Sandstone is likely to form from sediment deposited in a desert.
Shale forms from layers of mud. Mud is usually deposited by water. Since deserts are dry environments, mud is rarely found in deserts.
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संदर्भ: नीचे दिया गया पाठ विरोधी बलों की एक जोड़ी का वर्णन करता है। विरोधी बल किसी वस्तु पर विपरीत दिशाओं में कार्य करते हैं। पाठ पढ़ें। फिर नीचे दिए गए प्रश्न का उत्तर दें।
दो कुत्ते, रस्टी और कोको, एक खिलौने के साथ खेलते हैं। खिलौने पर कार्य करने वाले दो बलों के बारे में सोचें:
कोको अपनी ओर खींचती है।
रस्टी कोको से दूर खींचती है।
जब रस्टी खिलौने को खींचती है, तो विरोधी बल की दिशा क्या होती है?
|
[
"कोको से दूर",
"कोको की ओर"
] | 1 |
closed choice
|
grade3
|
natural science
|
physics
|
Force and motion
|
How do balanced and unbalanced forces affect motion?
|
A force is a push or a pull that acts on an object. Each force acts on an object in a certain direction. If two forces act on an object in opposite directions, they are called opposing forces.
|
Find the direction Rusty pulls on the toy.
Two dogs, Rusty and Coco, play with a toy. Think about two of the forces that act on the toy:
Coco pulls toward herself.
Rusty pulls away from Coco.
The text tells you that Rusty pulls away from Coco. The opposite direction is toward Coco. So, the direction of the opposing force is toward Coco.
|
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हवाई की राजधानी क्या है?
|
[
"पोर्टलैंड",
"बिस्मार्क",
"होनोलुलु",
"जूनो"
] | 2 |
closed choice
|
grade4
|
social science
|
geography
|
State capitals
|
Identify the 50 state capitals
|
Honolulu is the capital of Hawaii.
|
||
वाशिंगटन की राजधानी क्या है?
|
[
"सांता फ़े",
"लैंसिंग",
"ओलंपिया",
"सिएटल"
] | 2 |
closed choice
|
grade3
|
social science
|
geography
|
State capitals
|
Identify state capitals of the West
|
Olympia is the capital of Washington.
|
||
संदर्भ: अमेरिकन कर्ल बिल्लियों के एक समूह में, कुछ व्यक्तियों के कान घुमावदार होते हैं और अन्य के कान सीधे होते हैं। इस समूह में, कान के प्रकार की विशेषता के लिए जीन में दो एलील होते हैं। घुमावदार कान (ई) के लिए एलील सीधे कान (ई) के लिए एलील पर हावी है।
यह पुनेट स्क्वायर दो अमेरिकी कर्ल बिल्लियों के बीच एक क्रॉस दिखाता है।
इस क्रॉस द्वारा उत्पादित एक अमेरिकी कर्ल बिल्ली के कान के प्रकार के जीन के लिए समरूप प्रमुख होने की संभावना क्या है?
|
[
"0/4",
"2/4",
"4/4",
"3/4",
"1/4"
] | 2 |
closed choice
|
grade8
|
natural science
|
biology
|
Genes to traits
|
Use Punnett squares to calculate probabilities of offspring types
|
Offspring genotypes: homozygous or heterozygous?
How do you determine whether an organism is homozygous or heterozygous for a gene? Look at the alleles in the organism's genotype for that gene.
An organism with two identical alleles for a gene is homozygous for that gene.
If both alleles are dominant, the organism is homozygous dominant for the gene.
If both alleles are recessive, the organism is homozygous recessive for the gene.
An organism with two different alleles for a gene is heterozygous for that gene.
In a Punnett square, each box represents a different outcome, or result. Each of the four outcomes is equally likely to happen. Each box represents one way the parents' alleles can combine to form an offspring's genotype.
Because there are four boxes in the Punnett square, there are four possible outcomes.
An event is a set of one or more outcomes. The probability of an event is a measure of how likely the event is to happen. This probability is a number between 0 and 1, and it can be written as a fraction:
probability of an event = number of ways the event can happen / number of equally likely outcomes
You can use a Punnett square to calculate the probability that a cross will produce certain offspring. For example, the Punnett square below has two boxes with the genotype Ff. It has one box with the genotype FF and one box with the genotype ff. This means there are two ways the parents' alleles can combine to form Ff. There is one way they can combine to form FF and one way they can combine to form ff.
| F | f
F | FF | Ff
f | Ff | ff
Consider an event in which this cross produces an offspring with the genotype ff. The probability of this event is given by the following fraction:
number of ways the event can happen / number of equally likely outcomes = number of boxes with the genotype ff / total number of boxes = 1 / 4
| ||
ओक्लाहोमा की राजधानी क्या है?
|
[
"बोइस",
"ओक्लाहोमा सिटी",
"लिटिल रॉक",
"बर्मिंघम"
] | 1 |
closed choice
|
grade4
|
social science
|
geography
|
State capitals
|
Identify state capitals of the Southeast
|
Oklahoma City is the capital of Oklahoma.
|
||
संदर्भ: नीचे दिया गया गद्यांश एक प्रयोग का वर्णन करता है। गद्यांश को पढ़ें और फिर नीचे दिए गए निर्देशों का पालन करें।
जेडन ने एक पिंग पोंग बॉल को एक गुलेल में रखा, गुलेल की भुजा को 45° के कोण पर पीछे खींचा, और गेंद को लॉन्च किया। फिर, जेडन ने एक और पिंग पोंग बॉल लॉन्च की, इस बार गुलेल की भुजा को 30° के कोण पर पीछे खींचा। प्रत्येक लॉन्च के साथ, उनके दोस्त रॉन ने गुलेल और उस स्थान के बीच की दूरी को मापा जहां गेंद ज़मीन से टकराई थी। जेडन और रॉन ने पिंग पोंग गेंदों के साथ चार और समान गुलेल में लॉन्च को दोहराया। उन्होंने 45° के कोण से लॉन्च किए जाने पर गेंदों द्वारा तय की गई दूरी की तुलना 30° के कोण से लॉन्च किए जाने पर गेंदों द्वारा तय की गई दूरी से की।
चित्र: पिंग पोंग गेंदों को लॉन्च करने के लिए एक गुलेल।
उस प्रश्न की पहचान करें जिसका जवाब जेडन और रॉन का प्रयोग सबसे अच्छा दे सकता है।
|
[
"क्या पिंग पोंग गेंदें 45° कोण की तुलना में 30° कोण से छोड़े जाने पर अधिक दूरी तय करती हैं?",
"क्या पिंग पोंग गेंदें 30° कोण या 45° कोण से छोड़े जाने के बाद जल्दी ही ज़मीन पर लुढ़कना बंद कर देती हैं?"
] | 0 |
closed choice
|
grade7
|
natural science
|
science-and-engineering-practices
|
Designing experiments
|
Identify the experimental question
|
Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. How can you identify the questions that a certain experiment can answer? In order to do this, you need to figure out what was tested and what was measured during the experiment.
Imagine an experiment with two groups of daffodil plants. One group of plants was grown in sandy soil, and the other was grown in clay soil. Then, the height of each plant was measured.
First, identify the part of the experiment that was tested. The part of an experiment that is tested usually involves the part of the experimental setup that is different or changed. In the experiment described above, each group of plants was grown in a different type of soil. So, the effect of growing plants in different soil types was tested.
Then, identify the part of the experiment that was measured. The part of the experiment that is measured may include measurements and calculations. In the experiment described above, the heights of the plants in each group were measured.
Experiments can answer questions about how the part of the experiment that is tested affects the part that is measured. So, the experiment described above can answer questions about how soil type affects plant height.
Examples of questions that this experiment can answer include:
Does soil type affect the height of daffodil plants?
Do daffodil plants in sandy soil grow taller than daffodil plants in clay soil?
Are daffodil plants grown in sandy soil shorter than daffodil plants grown in clay soil?
| ||
संदर्भ: नीचे दिया गया मॉडल हाइड्रोजन के एक अणु को दर्शाता है। हाइड्रोजन गैस का इस्तेमाल कभी बड़े एयरशिप, जैसे कि ब्लिंप, को तैरने के लिए किया जाता था। अब इसका इस्तेमाल एयरशिप में नहीं किया जाता है क्योंकि यह आसानी से आग पकड़ लेती है।
कथन को पूरा करें।
हाइड्रोजन () है।
|
[
"एक प्राथमिक पदार्थ",
"एक यौगिक"
] | 0 |
closed choice
|
grade5
|
natural science
|
chemistry
|
Atoms and molecules
|
Classify elementary substances and compounds using models
|
All substances are made of one or more chemical elements, or types of atoms. Substances that are made of only one chemical element are elementary substances. Substances that are made of two or more chemical elements bonded together are compounds.
Every chemical element is represented by its own symbol. For some elements, the symbol is one capital letter. For other elements, the symbol is one capital letter and one lowercase letter. For example, the symbol for the chemical element boron is B, and the symbol for the chemical element chlorine is Cl.
Scientists can use models to represent molecules. A ball-and-stick model of a molecule is shown below. This model represents a molecule of the compound boron trichloride.
In a ball-and-stick model, the balls represent atoms, and the sticks represent chemical bonds. Notice how each ball is labeled with a symbol for a chemical element. The ball represents one atom of that element.
|
Count the number of chemical elements represented in the model. Then, decide if hydrogen is an elementary substance or a compound.
In this model, both balls are labeled with H. So, the model shows you that hydrogen is made of one chemical element.
Substances made of only one chemical element are elementary substances. So, hydrogen is an elementary substance.
|
|
दिखाई गई कॉलोनी का नाम क्या है?
|
[
"न्यू जर्सी",
"साउथ कैरोलिना",
"वेस्ट वर्जीनिया",
"रोड आइलैंड"
] | 1 |
closed choice
|
grade8
|
social science
|
us-history
|
Colonial America
|
Identify the Thirteen Colonies
|
The colony is South Carolina.
|
||
कैनसस की राजधानी क्या है?
|
[
"डेस मोइनेस",
"विचिटा",
"टोपेका",
"लिंकन"
] | 2 |
closed choice
|
grade3
|
social science
|
geography
|
State capitals
|
Identify state capitals of the Midwest
|
Topeka is the capital of Kansas.
|
||
कौन सा महाद्वीप हाइलाइट किया गया है?
|
[
"उत्तरी अमेरिका",
"अफ्रीका",
"एशिया",
"दक्षिण अमेरिका"
] | 1 |
closed choice
|
grade5
|
social science
|
geography
|
Oceans and continents
|
Identify oceans and continents
|
A continent is one of the major land masses on the earth. Most people say there are seven continents.
|
This continent is Africa.
|
|
संदर्भः नीचे दिया गया गद्यांश एक प्रयोग का वर्णन करता है। गद्यांश को पढ़ें और फिर नीचे दिए गए निर्देशों का पालन करें।
लिंडा ने अपने स्नोबोर्ड के नीचे मोम की एक पतली परत लगाई और बोर्ड को सीधे पहाड़ी से नीचे उतारा। फिर, उसने मोम हटा दिया और स्नोबोर्ड को फिर से सीधे पहाड़ी से नीचे उतारा। उसने सवारी को चार बार और दोहराया, चाहे वह बोर्ड पर मोम की पतली परत के साथ सवार हो या नहीं। उसके दोस्त बॉब ने प्रत्येक सवारी का समय लिया। लिंडा और बॉब ने मोम के बिना स्नोबोर्ड पर औसत समय की तुलना में मोम के साथ स्नोबोर्ड पर पहाड़ी से सीधे नीचे फिसलने में लगने वाले औसत समय की गणना की।
चित्र: पहाड़ी से नीचे स्नोबोर्डिंग।
उस प्रश्न की पहचान करें जिसका लिंडा और बॉब का प्रयोग सबसे अच्छा उत्तर दे सकता है।
|
[
"क्या लिंडा का स्नोबोर्ड कम समय में पहाड़ी से नीचे फिसलता है जब उस पर मोम की पतली परत होती है या मोम की मोटी परत होती है",
"Does Linda's snowboard slide down a hill in less time when it has a layer of wax or when it does not have a layer of wax?"
] | 1 |
closed choice
|
grade6
|
natural science
|
science-and-engineering-practices
|
Designing experiments
|
Identify the experimental question
|
Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. How can you identify the questions that a certain experiment can answer? In order to do this, you need to figure out what was tested and what was measured during the experiment.
Imagine an experiment with two groups of daffodil plants. One group of plants was grown in sandy soil, and the other was grown in clay soil. Then, the height of each plant was measured.
First, identify the part of the experiment that was tested. The part of an experiment that is tested usually involves the part of the experimental setup that is different or changed. In the experiment described above, each group of plants was grown in a different type of soil. So, the effect of growing plants in different soil types was tested.
Then, identify the part of the experiment that was measured. The part of the experiment that is measured may include measurements and calculations. In the experiment described above, the heights of the plants in each group were measured.
Experiments can answer questions about how the part of the experiment that is tested affects the part that is measured. So, the experiment described above can answer questions about how soil type affects plant height.
Examples of questions that this experiment can answer include:
Does soil type affect the height of daffodil plants?
Do daffodil plants in sandy soil grow taller than daffodil plants in clay soil?
Are daffodil plants grown in sandy soil shorter than daffodil plants grown in clay soil?
| ||
नेवादा की राजधानी क्या है?
|
[
"सैक्रामेंटो",
"लास वेगास",
"कार्सन सिटी",
"जेफरसन सिटी"
] | 2 |
closed choice
|
grade3
|
social science
|
geography
|
State capitals
|
Identify state capitals of the West
|
Carson City is the capital of Nevada.
|
||
दिखाए गए कॉलोनी का नाम क्या है?
|
[
"मेन",
"मैरीलैंड",
"न्यू हैम्पशायर",
"नॉर्थ कैरोलिना"
] | 1 |
closed choice
|
grade7
|
social science
|
us-history
|
Colonial America
|
Identify the Thirteen Colonies
|
The colony is Maryland.
|
||
न्यू मैक्सिको की राजधानी क्या है?
|
[
"अल्बुकर्क",
"सांता फ़े",
"होनोलुलु",
"बोस्टन"
] | 1 |
closed choice
|
grade3
|
social science
|
geography
|
State capitals
|
Identify the 50 state capitals
|
Santa Fe is the capital of New Mexico.
|
||
किस महाद्वीप को हाइलाइट किया गया है?
|
[
"यूरोप",
"एशिया",
"दक्षिण अमेरिका",
"ऑस्ट्रेलिया"
] | 2 |
closed choice
|
grade8
|
social science
|
geography
|
Physical Geography
|
Oceans and continents
|
A continent is one of the major land masses on the earth. Most people say there are seven continents.
|
This continent is South America.
|
|
संदर्भ: दो चुम्बक दिखाए अनुसार रखे गए हैं।
क्या ये चुम्बक एक दूसरे को आकर्षित करेंगे या प्रतिकर्षित करेंगे?
|
[
"प्रतिकर्षित करेंगे",
"आकर्षित करेंगे"
] | 0 |
closed choice
|
grade4
|
natural science
|
physics
|
Magnets
|
Identify magnets that attract or repel
|
Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart.
Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles: north and south.
Here are some examples of magnets. The north pole of each magnet is labeled N, and the south pole is labeled S.
If opposite poles are closest to each other, the magnets attract. The magnets in the pair below attract.
If the same, or like, poles are closest to each other, the magnets repel. The magnets in both pairs below repel.
|
To predict if these magnets will attract or repel, look at which poles are closest to each other.
The north pole of one magnet is closest to the north pole of the other magnet. Like poles repel. So, these magnets will repel each other.
|
|
संदर्भ: चिम्पांजी मध्य अफ्रीका के जंगलों में रहते हैं। उनके अंग पेड़ों पर चढ़ने के लिए अनुकूलित हैं।
चित्र: चिम्पांजी।
किस जानवर के अंग पेड़ों पर चढ़ने के लिए भी अनुकूलित हैं?
|
[
"तीन-उँगलियों वाला स्लॉथ",
"समुद्री कछुआ"
] | 0 |
closed choice
|
grade4
|
natural science
|
biology
|
Adaptations
|
Animal adaptations: feet and limbs
|
An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
Arms, legs, flippers, and wings are different types of limbs. The type of limbs an animal has is an example of an adaptation. Animals' limbs can be adapted in different ways. For example, long legs might help an animal run fast. Flippers might help an animal swim. Wings might help an animal fly.
|
Look at the picture of the chimpanzee.
The chimpanzee uses its long limbs to reach branches while climbing. It uses its fingers and toes to grab the branches.
Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation.
The three-toed sloth has long limbs with fingers and toes. Its limbs are adapted for climbing trees.
The sea turtle has flippers. Its limbs are not adapted for climbing trees. The sea turtle uses its flippers to swim underwater.
|
|
संदर्भ: गद्यांश को पढ़ें। फिर प्रश्न का उत्तर दें।
चूहे का टेपवर्म एक प्रकार का चपटा कृमि है जो चूहे के शरीर के अंदर रह सकता है। जब चूहा किसी ऐसे कीट को खाता है जिसके अंदर टेपवर्म होता है, तो कीट पच जाता है, लेकिन टेपवर्म जीवित रहता है।
टेपवर्म चूहे की आंतों में चला जाता है और खुद को आंत की दीवार से चिपकाने के लिए चूषक का उपयोग करता है। चूहे की आंत के अंदर, टेपवर्म चूहे द्वारा खाए गए भोजन से पोषक तत्वों को अवशोषित करता है। यदि चूहे की आंतों में कई टेपवर्म हैं, तो वह पोषक तत्वों की कमी से कमजोर हो जाएगा।
चित्र: आंत की दीवार से चिपका हुआ एक टेपवर्म।
जब चूहे का टेपवर्म खुद को चूहे की आंत से चिपकाता है तो किस प्रकार का संबंध बनता है?
|
[
"परजीवी",
"पारस्परिक",
"सहभोजी"
] | 0 |
closed choice
|
grade7
|
natural science
|
biology
|
Ecological interactions
|
Classify symbiotic relationships
|
When two organisms of different species interact in a way that affects one or both organisms, they form a symbiotic relationship. The word symbiosis comes from a Greek word that means living together. Scientists define types of symbiotic relationships based on how each organism is affected.
This table lists three common types of symbiotic relationships. It shows how each organism is affected in each type of symbiotic relationship.
Type of symbiotic relationship | Organism of one species... | Organism of the other species...
Commensal | benefits | is not significantly affected
Mutualistic | benefits | benefits
Parasitic | benefits | is harmed (but not usually killed)
|
When a rat tapeworm attaches itself to a rat's intestine, the tapeworm gets nutrients that it needs to grow and survive. So, the tapeworm benefits from its relationship with the rat.
The rat loses nutrients from its food to the tapeworm. So, the rat is harmed by its relationship with the tapeworm.
Since the tapeworm benefits and the rat is harmed, a parasitic relationship is formed when a rat tapeworm attaches itself to the intestine of a rat.
|
|
कैलिफोर्निया की राजधानी क्या है?
|
[
"सैन फ्रांसिस्को",
"सैक्रामेंटो",
"जेफरसन सिटी",
"लैंसिंग"
] | 1 |
closed choice
|
grade3
|
social science
|
geography
|
State capitals
|
Identify the 50 state capitals
|
Sacramento is the capital of California.
|
||
संदर्भ: सबसे अच्छा उत्तर चुनें।
इन तीन वस्तुओं में कौन सी विशेषता समान है?
|
[
"नमकीन",
"खुरदुरा",
"चिपचिपा"
] | 2 |
closed choice
|
grade4
|
natural science
|
physics
|
Materials
|
Compare properties of objects
|
An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it.
Different objects can have properties in common. You can use these properties to put objects into groups. Grouping objects by their properties is called classification.
|
Look at each object.
For each object, decide if it has that property.
Potato chips have a salty taste. The honey and the chocolate milkshake are not salty.
A sticky object can attach or stick to other things. All three objects are sticky.
A scratchy object is rough and itchy against your skin. None of the objects are scratchy.
The property that all three objects have in common is sticky.
|
|
संदर्भ: नीचे एक समुद्री पारिस्थितिकी तंत्र से एक खाद्य जाल है। यह पारिस्थितिकी तंत्र कैलिफोर्निया के तट से दूर मोंटेरे बे में है।
खाद्य जाल एक मॉडल है जो दिखाता है कि जीवित चीजों द्वारा खाया गया पदार्थ एक पारिस्थितिकी तंत्र के माध्यम से कैसे आगे बढ़ता है। तीर दिखाते हैं कि पदार्थ खाद्य जाल के माध्यम से कैसे आगे बढ़ता है।
तीरों के आधार पर, निम्नलिखित में से कौन सी जीवित चीज अपघटक है?
|
[
"केल्प",
"बैट स्टार"
] | 1 |
closed choice
|
grade3
|
natural science
|
biology
|
Ecosystems
|
Interpret food webs
|
A food web is a model.
Models can make things in nature easier to understand. Models can be simpler than the things they represent. A food web is a model that shows where living things in an ecosystem get their food. If a food web showed every living thing in an ecosystem, the food web would be hard to understand. So, each food web shows how some living things in an ecosystem can get their food.
Arrows show how matter moves.
A food web has arrows that point from one living thing to another. Each arrow shows the direction that matter moves when one living thing eats another living thing. An arrow starts from the living thing that is eaten. The arrow points to the living thing that is doing the eating.
A living thing in a food web can have more than one arrow pointing from it. This shows that the living thing is eaten by more than one other living thing in the food web.
A living thing in a food web can also have more than one arrow pointing to it. This shows that the living thing eats more than one other living thing in the food web.
|
Decomposers help break down dead living things into simpler matter, such as nutrients. These nutrients can then help plants and other living things grow. In a food web, there is an arrow pointing from another living thing to a decomposer. There are no arrows pointing from a decomposer to another living thing.
The kelp has an arrow pointing from it. So, the kelp is not a decomposer.
The bat star does not have arrows pointing from it to other living things. So, the bat star is a decomposer.
|
|
संदर्भ: संगमरमर में निम्नलिखित गुण हैं:
प्राकृतिक रूप से पाया जाने वाला
कोई निश्चित क्रिस्टल संरचना नहीं
ठोस
अम्ल में घुल जाता है
जीवों द्वारा नहीं बनाया जाता
ज़्यादातर कैल्साइट से बना होता है
क्या संगमरमर एक खनिज है या चट्टान?
|
[
"चट्टान",
"खनिज"
] | 0 |
closed choice
|
grade8
|
natural science
|
earth-science
|
Rocks and minerals
|
Identify rocks and minerals
|
Minerals are the building blocks of rocks. A rock can be made of one or more minerals.
Minerals and rocks have the following properties:
Property | Mineral | Rock
It is a solid. | Yes | Yes
It is formed in nature. | Yes | Yes
It is not made by organisms. | Yes | Yes
It is a pure substance. | Yes | No
It has a fixed crystal structure. | Yes | No
You can use these properties to tell whether a substance is a mineral, a rock, or neither.
Look closely at the last three properties:
Minerals and rocks are not made by organisms.
Organisms make their own body parts. For example, snails and clams make their shells. Because they are made by organisms, body parts cannot be minerals or rocks.
Humans are organisms too. So, substances that humans make by hand or in factories are not minerals or rocks.
A mineral is a pure substance, but a rock is not.
A pure substance is made of only one type of matter. Minerals are pure substances, but rocks are not. Instead, all rocks are mixtures.
A mineral has a fixed crystal structure, but a rock does not.
The crystal structure of a substance tells you how the atoms or molecules in the substance are arranged. Different types of minerals have different crystal structures, but all minerals have a fixed crystal structure. This means that the atoms and molecules in different pieces of the same type of mineral are always arranged the same way.
However, rocks do not have a fixed crystal structure. So, the arrangement of atoms or molecules in different pieces of the same type of rock may be different!
|
The properties of marble match the properties of a rock. So, marble is a rock.
|
|
संदर्भ: नीचे दिया गया मॉडल इथेन के अणु को दर्शाता है। इथेन का उपयोग प्लास्टिक बैग बनाने में किया जाता है।
कथन को पूरा करें।
इथेन () है।
|
[
"एक प्राथमिक पदार्थ",
"एक यौगिक"
] | 1 |
closed choice
|
grade5
|
natural science
|
chemistry
|
Atoms and molecules
|
Classify elementary substances and compounds using models
|
All substances are made of one or more chemical elements, or types of atoms. Substances that are made of only one chemical element are elementary substances. Substances that are made of two or more chemical elements bonded together are compounds.
Every chemical element is represented by its own symbol. For some elements, the symbol is one capital letter. For other elements, the symbol is one capital letter and one lowercase letter. For example, the symbol for the chemical element boron is B, and the symbol for the chemical element chlorine is Cl.
Scientists can use models to represent molecules. A ball-and-stick model of a molecule is shown below. This model represents a molecule of the compound boron trichloride.
In a ball-and-stick model, the balls represent atoms, and the sticks represent chemical bonds. Notice how each ball is labeled with a symbol for a chemical element. The ball represents one atom of that element.
|
Count the number of chemical elements represented in the model. Then, decide if ethane is an elementary substance or a compound.
In this model, each ball is labeled with C for carbon or H for hydrogen. So, the model shows you that ethane is made of two chemical elements bonded together.
Substances made of two or more chemical elements bonded together are compounds. So, ethane is a compound.
|
|
रोड आइलैंड की राजधानी क्या है?
|
[
"फेयेटविले",
"हंटिंगटन",
"प्रोविडेंस",
"न्यूपोर्ट"
] | 2 |
closed choice
|
grade5
|
social science
|
geography
|
State capitals
|
Identify state capitals of the Northeast
|
Providence is the capital of Rhode Island.
|
||
संदर्भ: यह जीव एक कॉमन लून है। इसे गाविया इमर भी कहा जाता है।
इस जीव का वैज्ञानिक नाम क्या है?
|
[
"गाविया इमर",
"कॉमन लून"
] | 0 |
closed choice
|
grade5
|
natural science
|
biology
|
Scientific names
|
Identify common and scientific names
|
An organism's common name is the name that people normally call the organism. Common names often contain words you know.
An organism's scientific name is the name scientists use to identify the organism. Scientific names often contain words that are not used in everyday English.
Scientific names are written in italics, but common names are usually not. The first word of the scientific name is capitalized, and the second word is not. For example, the common name of the animal below is giant panda. Its scientific name is Ailuropoda melanoleuca.
|
Gavia immer is written in italics. The first word is capitalized, and the second word is not.
So, Gavia immer is the scientific name.
|
|
इनमें से कौन सा राज्य सबसे पश्चिम में है?
|
[
"मिसौरी",
"फ्लोरिडा",
"मोंटाना",
"ओरेगन"
] | 3 |
closed choice
|
grade4
|
social science
|
geography
|
Maps
|
Read a map: cardinal directions
|
Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west.
A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction.
The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north is at the top of the map.
|
To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the west arrow is pointing. Oregon is farthest west.
|
|
संदर्भ: सबसे अच्छा उत्तर चुनें।
इन तीन वस्तुओं में कौन सा गुण समान है?
|
[
"फिसलन",
"पारदर्शी",
"पीला"
] | 2 |
closed choice
|
grade4
|
natural science
|
physics
|
Materials
|
Compare properties of objects
|
An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it.
Different objects can have properties in common. You can use these properties to put objects into groups. Grouping objects by their properties is called classification.
|
Look at each object.
For each object, decide if it has that property.
Yellow is a color.
This color is yellow. All three objects are yellow.
A slippery object is hard to hold onto or stand on. The rubber toys and the gold nugget are not slippery.
You can see clearly through a transparent object. None of the objects are transparent.
The property that all three objects have in common is yellow.
|
|
संदर्भ: चित्र: केप ब्रेटन हाइलैंड्स नेशनल पार्क।
केप ब्रेटन हाइलैंड्स नेशनल पार्क पूर्वी कनाडा में एक टैगा पारिस्थितिकी तंत्र है। यह ज़्यादातर टैगा जंगलों से ढका हुआ है जो मूस, भालू, गंजे ईगल और अन्य जीवों का घर है।
कौन सा कथन केप ब्रेटन हाइलैंड्स नेशनल पार्क पारिस्थितिकी तंत्र का वर्णन करता है?
|
[
"इसकी मिट्टी पोषक तत्वों से भरपूर है।",
"इसमें कई सदाबहार पेड़ हैं।"
] | 1 |
closed choice
|
grade5
|
natural science
|
biology
|
Ecosystems
|
Describe ecosystems
|
An environment includes all of the biotic, or living, and abiotic, or nonliving, things in an area. An ecosystem is created by the relationships that form among the biotic and abiotic parts of an environment.
There are many different types of terrestrial, or land-based, ecosystems. Here are some ways in which terrestrial ecosystems can differ from each other:
the pattern of weather, or climate
the type of soil
the organisms that live there
|
A taiga is a type of ecosystem. Taigas have the following features: long, cold winters and short, cool summers, many evergreen trees, and soil that is poor in nutrients. So, the following statements describe the Cape Breton Highlands National Park ecosystem: long, cold winters and short, cool summers, many evergreen trees, and soil that is poor in nutrients. It has long, cold winters and short, cool summers. It has many evergreen trees. The following statement does not describe Cape Breton Highlands National Park: long, cold winters and short, cool summers, many evergreen trees, and soil that is poor in nutrients. It has soil that is rich in nutrients.
|
|
संदर्भ: नीचे उत्तरी कनाडा के एक क्षेत्र नुनावुत में एक टुंड्रा पारिस्थितिकी तंत्र से एक खाद्य जाल है।
एक खाद्य जाल मॉडल है कि जीवों द्वारा खाया गया पदार्थ एक पारिस्थितिकी तंत्र के माध्यम से कैसे आगे बढ़ता है। एक खाद्य जाल में तीर दर्शाते हैं कि एक पारिस्थितिकी तंत्र में जीवों के बीच पदार्थ कैसे आगे बढ़ता है।
इनमें से किस जीव में ऐसा पदार्थ होता है जो कभी लाइकेन का हिस्सा था?
|
[
"मशरूम",
"शॉर्ट-टेल्ड वीज़ल",
"ब्राउन लेमिंग",
"रफ-लेग्ड हॉक",
"बिलबेरी"
] | 0 |
closed choice
|
grade7
|
natural science
|
biology
|
Ecological interactions
|
Interpret food webs II
|
A food web is a model.
A food web shows where organisms in an ecosystem get their food. Models can make things in nature easier to understand because models can represent complex things in a simpler way. If a food web showed every organism in an ecosystem, the food web would be hard to understand. So, each food web shows how some organisms in an ecosystem can get their food.
Arrows show how matter moves.
A food web has arrows that point from one organism to another. Each arrow shows the direction that matter moves when one organism eats another organism. An arrow starts from the organism that is eaten. The arrow points to the organism that is doing the eating.
An organism in a food web can have more than one arrow pointing from it. This shows that the organism is eaten by more than one other organism in the food web.
An organism in a food web can also have more than one arrow pointing to it. This shows that the organism eats more than one other organism in the food web.
|
Use the arrows to follow how matter moves through this food web. For each answer choice, try to find a path of arrows that starts from the lichen.
The bilberry does not have any arrows pointing to it. So, in this food web, matter does not move from the lichen to the bilberry.There are two paths matter can take from the lichen to the mushroom: lichen->barren-ground caribou->mushroom. lichen->barren-ground caribou->grizzly bear->mushroom. brown lemming. The brown lemming has two arrows pointing to it. These arrows start from the bear sedge and the bilberry. Neither the bear sedge nor the bilberry has any arrows pointing to it. So, in this food web, matter does not move from the lichen to the brown lemming.. short-tailed weasel. The only arrow pointing to the short-tailed weasel starts from the brown lemming. The brown lemming has two arrows pointing to it. These arrows start from the bear sedge and the bilberry. Neither the bear sedge nor the bilberry has any arrows pointing to it. So, in this food web, matter does not move from the lichen to the short-tailed weasel.. rough-legged hawk. The only arrow pointing to the rough-legged hawk starts from the parasitic jaeger. The only arrow pointing to the parasitic jaeger starts from the brown lemming. The brown lemming has two arrows pointing to it. These arrows start from the bear sedge and the bilberry. Neither the bear sedge nor the bilberry has any arrows pointing to it. So, in this food web, matter does not move from the lichen to the rough-legged hawk..
|
|
संदर्भ: दो चुम्बक दिखाए अनुसार रखे गए हैं।
संकेत: जो चुम्बक आकर्षित करते हैं वे एक दूसरे को खींचते हैं। जो चुम्बक प्रतिकर्षित करते हैं वे एक दूसरे को दूर धकेलते हैं।
क्या ये चुम्बक एक दूसरे को आकर्षित करेंगे या प्रतिकर्षित करेंगे?
|
[
"आकर्षित",
"प्रतिकर्षित"
] | 1 |
closed choice
|
grade2
|
natural science
|
physics
|
Magnets
|
Identify magnets that attract or repel
|
Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart.
Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles, called north and south.
Here are some examples of magnets. The north pole of each magnet is marked N, and the south pole is marked S.
If different poles are closest to each other, the magnets attract. The magnets in the pair below attract.
If the same poles are closest to each other, the magnets repel. The magnets in both pairs below repel.
|
Will these magnets attract or repel? To find out, look at which poles are closest to each other.
The north pole of one magnet is closest to the north pole of the other magnet. Poles that are the same repel. So, these magnets will repel each other.
|
|
दिखाए गए कॉलोनी का नाम क्या है?
|
[
"न्यू हैम्पशायर",
"वर्मोंट",
"न्यूयॉर्क",
"डेलावेयर"
] | 2 |
closed choice
|
grade7
|
social science
|
us-history
|
Colonial America
|
Identify the Thirteen Colonies
|
The colony is New York.
During the colonial era, New Hampshire and New York both claimed the territory that would later become the state of Vermont. Vermont was never its own colony.
|
||
संदर्भ: आम नाइटहॉक कीड़े और अन्य छोटे अकशेरुकी खाते हैं। 'की चोंच का आकार कीड़ों को पकड़ने के लिए अनुकूलित है।
चित्र: आम नाइटहॉक।
किस पक्षी की चोंच भी कीड़ों को पकड़ने के लिए अनुकूलित है?
|
[
"खलिहान निगल",
"लटकता हुआ तोता"
] | 0 |
closed choice
|
grade3
|
natural science
|
biology
|
Adaptations
|
Animal adaptations: beaks, mouths, and necks
|
An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
The shape of a bird's beak is one example of an adaptation. Birds' beaks can be adapted in different ways. For example, a sharp hooked beak might help a bird tear through meat easily. A short, thick beak might help a bird break through a seed's hard shell. Birds that eat similar food often have similar beaks.
|
Look at the picture of the common nighthawk.
A short, thin beak is light and easy to move. The common nighthawk uses its beak to grab fast-moving insects while flying.
Now look at each bird. Figure out which bird has a similar adaptation.
The barn swallow has a short, thin beak. Its beak is adapted to catch insects.
The hanging parrot has a small hooked beak. Its beak is not adapted to catch insects. The hanging parrot uses its beak to eat fruit and seeds.
|
|
संदर्भ: नीचे दिए गए आरेख समान बंद, कठोर कंटेनरों में गैस के दो शुद्ध नमूने दिखाते हैं। प्रत्येक रंगीन गेंद एक गैस कण को दर्शाती है। दोनों नमूनों में कणों की संख्या समान है।
प्रत्येक नमूने में कणों की औसत गतिज ऊर्जा की तुलना करें। किस नमूने का तापमान अधिक है?
|
[
"दोनों में से कोई नहीं; नमूनों का तापमान समान है",
"नमूना A",
"नमूना B"
] | 1 |
closed choice
|
grade6
|
natural science
|
physics
|
Particle motion and energy
|
Identify how particle motion affects temperature and pressure
|
The temperature of a substance depends on the average kinetic energy of the particles in the substance. The higher the average kinetic energy of the particles, the higher the temperature of the substance.
The kinetic energy of a particle is determined by its mass and speed. For a pure substance, the greater the mass of each particle in the substance and the higher the average speed of the particles, the higher their average kinetic energy.
|
Each particle in sample A has more mass than each particle in sample B. The particles in sample A also have a higher average speed than the particles in sample B. So, the particles in sample A have a higher average kinetic energy than the particles in sample B.
Because the particles in sample A have the higher average kinetic energy, sample A must have the higher temperature.
|
|
कनेक्टिकट की राजधानी क्या है?
|
[
"कोलंबिया",
"ब्रिजपोर्ट",
"न्यू हेवन",
"हार्टफोर्ड"
] | 3 |
closed choice
|
grade4
|
social science
|
geography
|
State capitals
|
Identify state capitals of the Northeast
|
Hartford is the capital of Connecticut.
|
||
ओहियो की राजधानी क्या है?
|
[
"विलमिंगटन",
"रेनो",
"क्लीवलैंड",
"कोलंबस"
] | 3 |
closed choice
|
grade3
|
social science
|
geography
|
State capitals
|
Identify state capitals of the Midwest
|
Columbus is the capital of Ohio.
|
||
संदर्भ: डोलेराइट में निम्नलिखित गुण हैं:
प्रकृति में पाया जाता है
जीवों द्वारा नहीं बनाया गया
मोटे दाने वाली बनावट
ठोस
कोई निश्चित क्रिस्टल संरचना नहीं
शुद्ध पदार्थ नहीं
क्या डोलेराइट एक खनिज या चट्टान है?
|
[
"खनिज",
"चट्टान"
] | 1 |
closed choice
|
grade8
|
natural science
|
earth-science
|
Rocks and minerals
|
Identify rocks and minerals
|
Minerals are the building blocks of rocks. A rock can be made of one or more minerals.
Minerals and rocks have the following properties:
Property | Mineral | Rock
It is a solid. | Yes | Yes
It is formed in nature. | Yes | Yes
It is not made by organisms. | Yes | Yes
It is a pure substance. | Yes | No
It has a fixed crystal structure. | Yes | No
You can use these properties to tell whether a substance is a mineral, a rock, or neither.
Look closely at the last three properties:
Minerals and rocks are not made by organisms.
Organisms make their own body parts. For example, snails and clams make their shells. Because they are made by organisms, body parts cannot be minerals or rocks.
Humans are organisms too. So, substances that humans make by hand or in factories are not minerals or rocks.
A mineral is a pure substance, but a rock is not.
A pure substance is made of only one type of matter. Minerals are pure substances, but rocks are not. Instead, all rocks are mixtures.
A mineral has a fixed crystal structure, but a rock does not.
The crystal structure of a substance tells you how the atoms or molecules in the substance are arranged. Different types of minerals have different crystal structures, but all minerals have a fixed crystal structure. This means that the atoms and molecules in different pieces of the same type of mineral are always arranged the same way.
However, rocks do not have a fixed crystal structure. So, the arrangement of atoms or molecules in different pieces of the same type of rock may be different!
|
The properties of dolerite match the properties of a rock. So, dolerite is a rock.
|
|
संदर्भ: यह तस्वीर जंगल में लगी आग के दौरान ली गई थी। जंगल में आग तब लगती है जब कोई प्राकृतिक क्षेत्र आग पकड़ लेता है और जल जाता है।
यह तस्वीर जंगल में लगी आग का क्या सबूत दिखाती है?
|
[
"घास भूरी और सूखी है।",
"ज़मीन पर कुछ घास जल रही है।"
] | 1 |
closed choice
|
grade2
|
natural science
|
earth-science
|
Earth events
|
Find evidence of changes to Earth's surface
|
Evidence is information that tells you something happened.
How do you look for evidence of a change to Earth's surface?
There are many ways to find evidence of a change to Earth's surface. One way is to look at a picture that was taken after the change.
Here are some examples of what the evidence for different changes might be:
Cause of the change | Evidence of the change
earthquake | cracks in the ground; houses with broken walls and roofs
volcanic eruption | melted rock on Earth's surface; smoke coming out of a hole in the ground
erosion | a canyon with a river flowing through it; a river carrying sand and mud
Be careful when you are looking for evidence!
A picture of Earth's surface can contain a lot of information. Some of that information might be evidence of a change to the surface, but some of it is not!
For example, a picture taken after an earthquake might show a blue sky. But the color of the sky is not evidence of an earthquake. So, that information is not evidence that an earthquake happened.
| ||
संदर्भ: व्यापार तब होता है जब लोग वस्तुओं और सेवाओं का आदान-प्रदान करने के लिए सहमत होते हैं। लोग कुछ और पाने के लिए कुछ छोड़ देते हैं। कभी-कभी लोग वस्तु विनिमय करते हैं, या सीधे एक वस्तु या सेवा का दूसरे से आदान-प्रदान करते हैं।
ऑस्टेन और नाओमी स्कूल कैफेटेरिया में अपने लंच बॉक्स खोलते हैं। दोनों अपने लंच से खुश हो सकते थे। ऑस्टेन अपने लंच में ब्रोकली चाहता था और नाओमी टमाटर की उम्मीद कर रही थी। उनके लंच की तस्वीरों को देखें। फिर नीचे दिए गए सवाल का जवाब दें।
ऑस्टेन और नाओमी क्या व्यापार कर सकते हैं ताकि प्रत्येक को वह मिल जाए जो वे चाहते हैं?
|
[
"नाओमी अपनी ब्रोकली के बदले ऑस्टेन के संतरे दे सकती है।",
"ऑस्टेन अपने टमाटर के बदले नाओमी की ब्रोकली दे सकता",
"Austen can trade his tomatoes for Naomi's sandwich.",
"Naomi can trade her almonds for Austen's tomatoes."
] | 1 |
closed choice
|
grade6
|
social science
|
economics
|
Basic economic principles
|
Trade and specialization
|
Austen wanted broccoli in his lunch and Naomi was hoping for tomatoes. Look at the labeled part of the images.
Austen has tomatoes. Naomi has broccoli. They can trade tomatoes for broccoli to both be happier. Trading other things would not help either person get more items they want.
|
||
संदर्भ: दो चुम्बक दिखाए अनुसार रखे गए हैं।
संकेत: जो चुम्बक आकर्षित करते हैं वे एक दूसरे को खींचते हैं। जो चुम्बक प्रतिकर्षित करते हैं वे एक दूसरे को दूर धकेलते हैं।
क्या ये चुम्बक एक दूसरे को आकर्षित करेंगे या प्रतिकर्षित करेंगे?
|
[
"प्रतिकर्षित",
"आकर्षित"
] | 1 |
closed choice
|
grade2
|
natural science
|
physics
|
Magnets
|
Identify magnets that attract or repel
|
Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart.
Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles, called north and south.
Here are some examples of magnets. The north pole of each magnet is marked N, and the south pole is marked S.
If different poles are closest to each other, the magnets attract. The magnets in the pair below attract.
If the same poles are closest to each other, the magnets repel. The magnets in both pairs below repel.
|
Will these magnets attract or repel? To find out, look at which poles are closest to each other.
The north pole of one magnet is closest to the south pole of the other magnet. Poles that are different attract. So, these magnets will attract each other.
|
|
संदर्भ: नीचे उत्तरी कनाडा के एक क्षेत्र नुनावुत में एक टुंड्रा पारिस्थितिकी तंत्र से एक खाद्य जाल है।
एक खाद्य जाल मॉडल है कि जीवों द्वारा खाया गया पदार्थ एक पारिस्थितिकी तंत्र के माध्यम से कैसे आगे बढ़ता है। खाद्य जाल में तीर दर्शाते हैं कि एक पारिस्थितिकी तंत्र में जीवों के बीच पदार्थ कैसे आगे बढ़ता है।
तीरों के आधार पर, निम्नलिखित में से कौन सा जीव उपभोक्ता है?
|
[
"मशरूम",
"लाइकेन"
] | 0 |
closed choice
|
grade4
|
natural science
|
biology
|
Ecosystems
|
Interpret food webs
|
A food web is a model.
A food web shows where organisms in an ecosystem get their food. Models can make things in nature easier to understand because models can represent complex things in a simpler way. If a food web showed every organism in an ecosystem, the food web would be hard to understand. So, each food web shows how some organisms in an ecosystem can get their food.
Arrows show how matter moves.
A food web has arrows that point from one organism to another. Each arrow shows the direction that matter moves when one organism eats another organism. An arrow starts from the organism that is eaten. The arrow points to the organism that is doing the eating.
An organism in a food web can have more than one arrow pointing from it. This shows that the organism is eaten by more than one other organism in the food web.
An organism in a food web can also have more than one arrow pointing to it. This shows that the organism eats more than one other organism in the food web.
|
Consumers eat other organisms. So, there are arrows in a food web that point from other organisms to consumers.
The mushroom has arrows pointing to it from the barren-ground caribou and the grizzly bear. So, the mushroom is a consumer.
The lichen does not have any arrows pointing to it. So, the lichen is a producer, not a consumer.
|
|
संदर्भ: नीचे दिया गया चित्र दो विलयनों का मॉडल है। प्रत्येक गुलाबी गेंद विलेय के एक कण को दर्शाती है।
किस विलयन में गुलाबी कणों की सांद्रता अधिक है?
|
[
"दोनों में से कोई नहीं; उनकी सांद्रता समान है",
"विलयन B",
"विलयन A"
] | 1 |
closed choice
|
grade8
|
natural science
|
chemistry
|
Solutions
|
Compare concentrations of solutions
|
A solution is made up of two or more substances that are completely mixed. In a solution, solute particles are mixed into a solvent. The solute cannot be separated from the solvent by a filter. For example, if you stir a spoonful of salt into a cup of water, the salt will mix into the water to make a saltwater solution. In this case, the salt is the solute. The water is the solvent.
The concentration of a solute in a solution is a measure of the ratio of solute to solvent. Concentration can be described in terms of particles of solute per volume of solvent.
concentration = particles of solute / volume of solvent
|
In Solution A and Solution B, the pink particles represent the solute. To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of pink particles, look at both the number of pink particles and the volume of the solvent in each container.
Use the concentration formula to find the number of pink particles per milliliter.
Solution B has more pink particles per milliliter. So, Solution B has a higher concentration of pink particles.
|
|
संदर्भ: नीचे दिया गया गद्यांश एक प्रयोग का वर्णन करता है। गद्यांश को पढ़ें और फिर नीचे दिए गए निर्देशों का पालन करें।
रॉबर्ट ने छह टेस्ट ट्यूबों में से प्रत्येक में एक दो इंच का स्टील का कील डाला। उन्होंने तीन टेस्ट ट्यूब में पानी और अन्य तीन में सिरका मिलाया। प्रत्येक टेस्ट ट्यूब में, उन्होंने कील को समान मात्रा के तरल से पूरी तरह ढक दिया। रॉबर्ट ने हर दिन एक ही समय पर कीलों में जंग की जांच की। उन्होंने रिकॉर्ड किया कि प्रत्येक कील को पूरी तरह से जंग लगने में कितने दिन लगे। फिर, उन्होंने कीलों को पानी में जंग लगने में लगने वाले दिनों की संख्या की तुलना सिरके में जंग लगने में लगने वाले दिनों की संख्या से की।
चित्र: जंग लगे कीलों के ढेर पर एक नया स्टील का कील।
उस प्रश्न को पहचानिए जिसका रॉबर्ट का प्रयोग सबसे अच्छा उत्तर दे सकता है।
|
[
"क्या सिरके की तुलना में स्टील की कीलों को पानी में जंग लगने में कम दिन लगते हैं",
"Do steel nails rust in fewer days when submerged in a large volume of liquid compared to a small volume?"
] | 0 |
closed choice
|
grade7
|
natural science
|
science-and-engineering-practices
|
Designing experiments
|
Identify the experimental question
|
Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. How can you identify the questions that a certain experiment can answer? In order to do this, you need to figure out what was tested and what was measured during the experiment.
Imagine an experiment with two groups of daffodil plants. One group of plants was grown in sandy soil, and the other was grown in clay soil. Then, the height of each plant was measured.
First, identify the part of the experiment that was tested. The part of an experiment that is tested usually involves the part of the experimental setup that is different or changed. In the experiment described above, each group of plants was grown in a different type of soil. So, the effect of growing plants in different soil types was tested.
Then, identify the part of the experiment that was measured. The part of the experiment that is measured may include measurements and calculations. In the experiment described above, the heights of the plants in each group were measured.
Experiments can answer questions about how the part of the experiment that is tested affects the part that is measured. So, the experiment described above can answer questions about how soil type affects plant height.
Examples of questions that this experiment can answer include:
Does soil type affect the height of daffodil plants?
Do daffodil plants in sandy soil grow taller than daffodil plants in clay soil?
Are daffodil plants grown in sandy soil shorter than daffodil plants grown in clay soil?
| ||
संदर्भ: चित्र: कैनरी द्वीप।
पिछले मंगलवार को कैनरी द्वीप में आंशिक रूप से बादल छाए रहे।
संकेत: मौसम वह है जो किसी निश्चित स्थान और समय पर वातावरण की स्थिति है। जलवायु किसी निश्चित स्थान पर मौसम का पैटर्न है।
क्या यह अंश मौसम या जलवायु का वर्णन करता है?
|
[
"मौसम",
"जलवायु"
] | 0 |
closed choice
|
grade4
|
natural science
|
earth-science
|
Weather and climate
|
Weather and climate around the world
|
The atmosphere is the layer of air that surrounds Earth. Both weather and climate tell you about the atmosphere.
Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Weather can change quickly. For example, the temperature outside your house might get higher throughout the day.
Climate is the pattern of weather in a certain place. For example, summer temperatures in New York are usually higher than winter temperatures.
|
Read the passage carefully.
It was partly cloudy in the Canary Islands last Tuesday.
This passage tells you about the cloud cover over the Canary Islands last Tuesday. This passage describes the atmosphere at a certain place and time. So, this passage describes the weather.
|
|
किस देश को हाइलाइट किया गया है?
|
[
"हैती",
"त्रिनिदाद और टोबैगो",
"क्यूबा",
"डोमिनिकन गणराज्य"
] | 0 |
closed choice
|
grade6
|
social science
|
geography
|
The Americas: geography
|
Identify and select countries of the Caribbean
|
This country is Haiti.
Does Haiti have any territorial disputes?
Haiti claims to own Navassa Island, which is a disputed territory. In other words, multiple countries or groups claim that the area rightfully belongs to them.
Navassa Island is also claimed by the United States. The United States claimed the island in 1857 and has controlled it since then. But Haiti considers the island part of its territory and has protested the United States' claim since this time. No one lives on the island. Today, it is a nature preserve.
|
End of preview. Expand
in Data Studio
This Dataset
This is a formatted version of derek-thomas/ScienceQA. It is used in our lmms-eval pipeline to allow for one-click evaluations of large multi-modality models.
@inproceedings{lu2022learn,
title={Learn to Explain: Multimodal Reasoning via Thought Chains for Science Question Answering},
author={Lu, Pan and Mishra, Swaroop and Xia, Tony and Qiu, Liang and Chang, Kai-Wei and Zhu, Song-Chun and Tafjord, Oyvind and Clark, Peter and Ashwin Kalyan},
booktitle={The 36th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS)},
year={2022}
}
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