Datasets:
LLMcompe-Team-Watanabe
/
grpo4medical-1k

Dataset card Data Studio Files
xet
Community
1
problem
stringlengths
143
2.26k
answer
stringlengths
6
23
Given the following medical question or situation, provide the most suitable reasoning or explanation. A 55 year old comes to Victoria OPD with history of swelling of his hands, shoness of breath.O/E facial plethora, distened neck viens was noted. Which is the most probable structure involved to cause these symptoms? A. 3 B. 4 C. 5 D. 6
#### A. 3
Given the following medical question or situation, provide the most suitable reasoning or explanation. Construct a complete truth table for the following argument. Then, using the truth table, determine whether the argument is valid or invalid. If the argument is invalid, choose an option which presents a counterexample. (There may be other counterexamples as well.) ~A · ~B (A ∨ C) ∨ B / C A. Invalid. Counterexample when A, B, and C are all true B. Invalid. Counterexample when A, B, and C are all false C. Invalid. Counterexample when A and B are true and C is false D. Invalid. Counterexample when B is true and A and C are false E. Invalid. Counterexample when A and C are true and B is false F. Invalid. Counterexample when A is true and B and C are false G. Invalid. Counterexample when A is false and B and C are true H. Valid I. Invalid. Counterexample when C is true and A and B are false
#### **H. Valid**
Given the following medical question or situation, provide the most suitable reasoning or explanation. Consider the three-dimensional incompressible vortex flow given by an axial velocity w = 2az, and a circumferential flow v_\texttheta = (A/r)[1 - exp (- ar)^2]. Calculate the radial velocity v_r. A. v_r = - ar B. v_r = - 2ar C. v_r = ar^2 D. v_r = a/r E. v_r = 0 F. v_r = 2a/r G. v_r = 2ar H. v_r = -2a/r^2 I. v_r = ar J. v_r = -a/r^2
#### A. \( v_r = -ar \)
Given the following medical question or situation, provide the most suitable reasoning or explanation. In a case of secondary amenorrhoea who fails to get withdrawal bleeding after taking estrogen and progesterone, the fault lies at the level of ? A. Pituitary B. Endometrium C. Ovary D. Hypothalamus
#### B. Endometrium
Given the following medical question or situation, provide the most suitable reasoning or explanation. A 32-year-old woman makes an appointment with her family physician for a new-employment physical examination. She has no complaints and the physical examination is unremarkable. The family history is negative for malignancies and inherited disorders. During the visit, she provides the results of a Pap smear taken last week, which reports the presence of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US), along with a test for HPV, which was negative. The previous Pap smear was normal (negative for intraepithelial lesions or malignancy). When would you recommend that she have another Pap smear? A. Immediately B. 6 months C. 3 years D. 5 years E. 1 year
#### C. 3 years
Given the following medical question or situation, provide the most suitable reasoning or explanation. A 32 year old boy has attempted suicide with pesticides. His clothes and body are soiled with the pestiscides. He has. excessive salivation, sweating. Pupils are constricted. Most appropriate next step in management of this fellow is: A. Induce emesis B. Give atropine immediately C. Give PAM immediately D. Remove clothing
#### D. Remove clothing
Given the following medical question or situation, provide the most suitable reasoning or explanation. A 23-year-old patient with a past medical history of anxiety and appropriately treated schizophrenia presents to the emergency department for a first time seizure. The patient was at home eating dinner when he began moving abnormally and did not respond to his mother, prompting her to bring him in. His symptoms persisted in the emergency department and were successfully treated with diazepam. The patient is discharged and scheduled for a follow up appointment with neurology the next day for treatment. The patient returns to his neurologist 1 month later for a checkup. Physical exam is notable for carpopedal spasm when his blood pressure is being taken. Cranial nerves II-XII are grossly intact and his gait is stable. Which of the following is the most likely explanation of this patient's current presentation? A. Acute renal failure B. Elevated blood levels of a medication C. Increased water consumption D. P450 induction E. Sub-therapeutic dose
#### D. P450 induction
Given the following medical question or situation, provide the most suitable reasoning or explanation. The appropriate term used for describing the condition when the palatal cusps of the maxillary posterior teeth are placed buccal to the buccal cusps of mandibular posterior teeth: A. Buccal non-occlusion B. Lingual non-occlusion C. Scissor bite D. Both 1 and 3
#### D. Both 1 and 3.
Given the following medical question or situation, provide the most suitable reasoning or explanation. A 24-year-old man presents to the emergency room with a stab wound to the left chest at the sternocostal junction at the 4th intercostal space. The patient is hemodynamically unstable, and the trauma attending is concerned that there is penetrating trauma to the heart as. Which cardiovascular structure is most likely to be injured first in this stab wound? A. Left atrium B. Left ventricle C. Right atrium D. Right ventricle E. Aorta
#### D. Right ventricle
Given the following medical question or situation, provide the most suitable reasoning or explanation. A patient with known mutation in the 'Rb gene' is 'disease free' from Retinoblastoma. The patient is at highest risk of developing which of the following malignancies A. Renal cell carcinoma B. Osteosarcoma C. Pinealoblastoma D. Chondrosarcoma
#### B. Osteosarcoma
Given the following medical question or situation, provide the most suitable reasoning or explanation. C.S.F. cell count in tubercular meningitis varies between-a) 0 to 99b) 100 to 499c) 500 to 999d) 1000 to 5000 A. abc B. bc C. c D. d
#### B. bc
Given the following medical question or situation, provide the most suitable reasoning or explanation. A 64-year-old woman comes to the emergency room because of a sudden weakness in her right arm and leg. She has atrial fibrillation, tinea unguium, gastroesophageal reflux disease, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia. Current medications include warfarin, enalapril, simvastatin, lansoprazole, hydrochlorothiazide, griseofulvin, and ginkgo biloba. Two weeks ago, she had an appointment with her podiatrist. Physical examination shows sagging of her right lower face and decreased muscle strength in her right upper and lower extremity. Babinski sign is positive on the right. Her prothrombin time is 14 seconds (INR = 1.5). Which of the following drugs is the most likely underlying cause of this patient's current condition? A. Simvastatin B. Enalapril C. Lansoprazole D. Griseofulvin
#### D. Griseofulvin
Given the following medical question or situation, provide the most suitable reasoning or explanation. Sort the following words alphabetically: List: opinionate interior ebb seeable jurassic flatland mammary cardamom forthwith licensor landslide valkyrie cryptic bully insurmountable nassau
#### 16. valkyrie
Given the following medical question or situation, provide the most suitable reasoning or explanation. Ryan was always behind Donald in high school because _ had a diagnosed learning disability. A. Ryan B. Donald
#### A. Ryan
Given the following medical question or situation, provide the most suitable reasoning or explanation. A mechanical device moves a charge of 1.5 coulombs for a distance of 20 cm through a uniform electric field of 2 × 10^3 newtons/coulomb. What is theemfof the device? A. 700 volts B. 900 volts C. 800 volts D. 500 volts E. 1000 volts F. 600 volts G. 300 volts H. 250 volts I. 400 volts J. 200 volts
#### I. 400 volts
Given the following medical question or situation, provide the most suitable reasoning or explanation. A male 35 years old presents to the dental clinic with pain in lower back tooth region. Intraoral examination reveals carious #36. Root canal treatment done and metal ceramic crown has to be placed. Dentist makes an impression with condensation silicone. The material used has the mean working time and the mean setting time respectively at 37 degree Celsius (in minutes): A. 2.5; 8.9 B. 1.8; 5.9 C. 1.8; 8.9 D. 2.5; 5.9
#### A. 2.5; 8.9
Given the following medical question or situation, provide the most suitable reasoning or explanation. A 3 year old child is brought to the emergency room by her concerned parents. They state the girl has been complaining of a severe headache and has had two episodes of vomiting. On physical examination, there is bilateral papilledema and an impaired level of consciousness. Emergency contrast CT scan demonstrates displacement of the ventricular system by a multilocular "mass" with well-defined white high-attenuation rings around black low-attenuation centers. The lesion involves the cerebellum. To which of the following conditions is this lesion most likely related? A. Bacteremia following tooth extraction B. Bacterial meningitis C. Lung abscess D. Otitis media
#### D. Otitis media
Given the following medical question or situation, provide the most suitable reasoning or explanation. PCOD which of the following is seen:a) Hirsutismb) Secondary amenorrhoeac) Streak ovariesd) ↑ FSH / LHe) Oestrogen (E2) A. abc B. bcd C. abe D. acd
#### C. abe
Given the following medical question or situation, provide the most suitable reasoning or explanation. Calculate the rotation of the plane of polarization for violet light with a wavelength of 396.0 nm in a quartz plate that is cut perpendicular to the optic axis and has a thickness of 1 mm. The refractive indices for right and left circularly polarized light in quartz are 1.55610 and 1.55821, respectively.
#### **1.918 degrees**
Given the following medical question or situation, provide the most suitable reasoning or explanation. The Finnish type of congenital nephritic syndrome occurs due to gene mutations affecting the following protein: A. Podocin B. Alpha-actinin C. Nephrin D. CD2 activated protein
#### C. Nephrin
Given the following medical question or situation, provide the most suitable reasoning or explanation. A 1-year-old boy is brought to the physician by his parents for the evaluation of recurrent seizures. He is at the 5th percentile for height and 10th percentile for weight. Examination shows coarse pale hair, inelastic hypopigmented skin, and generalized hypotonia. Laboratory studies show low serum ceruloplasmin levels. Decreased activity of which of the following enzymes is most likely responsible for this patient's condition? A. Prolyl hydroxylase B. Lysyl oxidase C. Glucocerebrosidase D. Homogentisate oxidase
#### B. Lysyl oxidase
Given the following medical question or situation, provide the most suitable reasoning or explanation. A 17-year-old boy is brought to the physician by his father because of fever, congestion, and malaise for the past 2 days. He reports a sensation of pressure over his nose and cheeks. Over the past year, he has had an intermittent cough productive of green sputum and lately has noticed some streaks of blood in the sputum. He has had over 10 episodes of sinusitis, all of which were successfully treated with antibiotics. There is no family history of serious illness. The patient's vaccinations are up-to-date. His temperature is 38°C (100.4°F), pulse is 90/min, and blood pressure is 120/80 mm Hg. Physical examination shows tenderness to palpation over both cheeks. Crackles and rhonchi are heard on auscultation of the chest. Cardiac examination shows an absence of heart sounds along the left lower chest. Which of the following additional findings is most likely in this patient? A. Defective interleukin-2 receptor gamma chain B. Increased forced expiratory volume C. Increased sweat chloride levels D. Immotile sperm
#### D. Immotile sperm
Given the following medical question or situation, provide the most suitable reasoning or explanation. A 5-year-old male presents to the pediatrician with his mother for a well child visit. His mother has no complaints. The patient is doing well in preschool and appears to be ready for kindergarten. He can begin to sound out letters and write out his first name. He has many friends at school and enjoys playing with his older siblings. The patient’s past medical history is notable for birth weight in the 99th percentile and unexplained hypoglycemia in the first week of life. The patient’s mother denies any family history of genetic syndromes or malignancy. The patient’s height and weight are in the 99th percentile. On physical exam, the patient has an enlarged tongue with no other dysmorphic features. He also has the physical exam findings seen in Figures A and B. This patient should be screened for abnormalities in which of the following organs? A. Adrenal glands B. Bone C. Eyes D. Kidneys E. Thyroid gland
#### D. Kidneys
Given the following medical question or situation, provide the most suitable reasoning or explanation. A 39 year old carpenter has taken two bottles of liquor from the local shop. After about and hour, he develops confusion, vomiting and blurring of vision. He has been brought to the emergency depament. He should be given: A. Naloxone B. Diazepam C. Flumazenil D. Ethyl alcohol
#### D. Ethyl alcohol
Given the following medical question or situation, provide the most suitable reasoning or explanation. All of the following should be included during preliminary evaluation of a case of suspected Acute viral hepatitis except: A. Hbs Ag B. IgM anti HBc C. Anti-HCV D. IgM anti HBe
#### D. IgM anti HBe
Given the following medical question or situation, provide the most suitable reasoning or explanation. In a patient with renal cell carcinoma with a thrombus in the IVCrenal vein, which of the following is the best for diagnosis? A. CT scan B. Angiography C. Colour Doppler imaging D. IVP
#### A. CT scan
Given the following medical question or situation, provide the most suitable reasoning or explanation. Alice, Bob, and Claire are friends and avid readers who occasionally trade books. At the start of the semester, they each buy one new book: Alice gets Lolita, Bob gets The Great Gatsby, and Claire gets The Odyssey. As the semester proceeds, they start trading around the new books. First, Claire and Alice swap books. Then, Bob and Alice swap books. Finally, Claire and Alice swap books. At the end of the semester, Alice has Options: (A) Lolita (B) The Great Gatsby (C) The Odyssey
#### (A) Lolita
Given the following medical question or situation, provide the most suitable reasoning or explanation. Calculate the speed of a compressional wave in an iron rod given that its specific gravity is 7.7 and its Young's modulus is 27.5 × 10^6 lb/in^2. Provide your answer in ft/sec.
#### **16,000 ft/sec**
Given the following medical question or situation, provide the most suitable reasoning or explanation. A 32-year-old woman presents with a severe headache and neck pain for the past 60 minutes. She says the headache was severe and onset suddenly like a ‘thunderclap’. She reports associated nausea, vomiting, neck pain, and stiffness. She denies any recent head trauma, loss of consciousness, visual disturbances, or focal neurologic deficits. Her past medical history is significant for hypertension, managed with hydrochlorothiazide. She denies any history of smoking, alcohol use, or recreational drug use. The vital signs include: temperature 37.0°C (98.6°F), blood pressure 165/95 mm Hg, pulse 92/min, and respiratory rate 15/min. On physical examination, there is mild nuchal rigidity noted with limited flexion at the neck. An ophthalmic examination of the retina shows mild papilledema. A noncontrast computed tomography (CT) scan of the head is performed and shown in the exhibit (see image). Which of the following is the next best step in the management of this patient? A. Mannitol B. Lumbar puncture C. Nitroprusside D. Dexamethasone E. Labetalol
#### E. Labetalol
Given the following medical question or situation, provide the most suitable reasoning or explanation. A 62-year-old woman presents to her primary care physician for her annual check-up. She has no current complaints and says that she has been healthy over the last year. Her past medical history is significant for obesity and diabetes that is well controlled on metformin. She does not smoke and drinks socially. Selected lab results are shown below: High-density lipoprotein: 48 mg/dL Low-density lipoprotein: 192 mg/dL Triglycerides: 138 mg/dL Given these results, the patient is placed on the drug that will be the best therapy for these findings. Which of the following is a potential side effect of this treatment? A. Gastrointestinal upset B. Hepatotoxicity C. Malabsorption D. Pruritus
#### B. Hepatotoxicity
Given the following medical question or situation, provide the most suitable reasoning or explanation. Patient with pelvic fracture presents with anuria. After 24 hrs bladder is not palpable. Possible diagnosis includes:a) Bulbar urethral injuryb) Posterior urethral injuryc) Extraperitoneal rupture of bladderd) Intraperitoneal rupture of bladder A. ab B. bc C. bd D. cd
#### **D. cd**
Given the following medical question or situation, provide the most suitable reasoning or explanation. A 36-year-old woman is admitted to the hospital because of irritability, nausea, and diarrhea. She has a history of recreational oxycodone use and last took a dose 48 hours ago. Physical examination shows mydriasis, rhinorrhea, and piloerection. A drug is administered that provides an effect similar to oxycodone but does not cause euphoria. Which of the following best explains the difference in effect? A. Lower bioavailability B. Lower efficacy C. Lower affinity D. Lower tolerance
#### B. Lower efficacy
Given the following medical question or situation, provide the most suitable reasoning or explanation. A 7 year old boy with boggy swelling of the scalp with multiple discharging sinuses with cervical lymphadenopathy with easily pluckable hair. What would be done for diagnosis? A. Pus for culture B. KOH mount C. Biopsy D. None of the above
#### B. KOH mount
Given the following medical question or situation, provide the most suitable reasoning or explanation. Alice, Bob, and Claire are on the same team in a soccer match. At the start of the match, they are each assigned to a position: Alice is playing right winger, Bob is playing right midfielder, and Claire is playing fullback. As the game progresses, pairs of players occasionally swap positions. First, Bob and Alice trade positions. Then, Alice and Claire trade positions. Finally, Bob and Claire trade positions. At the end of the match, Claire is playing Options: (A) right winger (B) right midfielder (C) fullback
#### (A) right winger
Given the following medical question or situation, provide the most suitable reasoning or explanation. A 17-year-old male is diagnosed with acne vulgaris during a visit to a dermatologist. He is prescribed a therapy that is a derivative of vitamin A. He has no other significant past medical history. Which of the following is the major side-effect of this therapy? A. Hyperglycemia B. Hyperlipidemia C. Fatigue D. Xerophthalmia E. Alopecia
#### B. Hyperlipidemia
Given the following medical question or situation, provide the most suitable reasoning or explanation. True about laryngitis sicca -a) Caused by Klebsiella ozaenab) Caused by Klebsiella rhinoscleromatosisc) Hemorrhagic crust formation seend) Antifungal are effectivee) Microlaryngoscopic surgery is a modality of treatment A. acd B. ace C. cde D. ade
#### B. ace
Given the following medical question or situation, provide the most suitable reasoning or explanation. A 36 years old woman recently treated for leukemia is admitted to the hospital with malaise, chills and high fever. Gram stain of blood reveals the presence of gram-negative bacilli. The initial diagnosis is bacteremia and parenteral antibiotics are indicated. The record of the patient reveals that she had a severe urticarial rash, hypotension and respiratory difficulty after oral penicillin V about 6 months ago. The most appropriate drug should be : A. Ampicillin plus Sulbactam B. Aztreonam C. Cefazolin D. Imipenem plus cilastatin
#### B. Aztreonam
Given the following medical question or situation, provide the most suitable reasoning or explanation. Factor V Leiden is caused due to a mutation that results in a substitution at position 506 glutamine to which of the following: A. Alanine B. Arginine C. Glycine D. Glutamine
#### B. Arginine
Given the following medical question or situation, provide the most suitable reasoning or explanation. Beck's triad of cardic tamponade includesa) Hypotensionb) Neck vein distensionc) Silent heartd) Tachycardia A. acd B. abd C. abc D. ab
#### C. abc
Given the following medical question or situation, provide the most suitable reasoning or explanation. A 42-year-old woman comes to the physician because of an 8 month history of intermittent pain and stiffness in her hands and feet. She reports that these episodes occur about three times a month after she wakes up and last for approximately one hour. She often also experiences fever and myalgia on the days that these episodes occur. During these attacks, she takes ibuprofen for the pain, which provides good relief. She had her last attack 5 days ago. She is otherwise healthy and takes no medications. Her sister has systemic lupus erythematosus. Vital signs are within normal limits. Examination shows mild swelling and tenderness of the wrists and the proximal interphalangeal joints of both hands. The remainder of the examination shows no abnormalities. An x-ray of her hands is shown. Which of the following is the most appropriate pharmacotherapy? A. Methotrexate B. Ceftriaxone C. Adalimumab D. Prednisolone E. Diclofenac "
#### A. Methotrexate
Given the following medical question or situation, provide the most suitable reasoning or explanation. A 24-year-old woman comes to the emergency department because of abdominal pain, fever, nausea, and vomiting for 12 hours. Her abdominal pain was initially dull and diffuse but has progressed to a sharp pain on the lower right side. Two years ago she had to undergo right salpingo-oophorectomy after an ectopic pregnancy. Her temperature is 38.7°C (101.7°F). Physical examination shows severe right lower quadrant tenderness with rebound tenderness; bowel sounds are decreased. Laboratory studies show leukocytosis with left shift. An abdominal CT scan shows a distended, edematous appendix. The patient is taken to the operating room for an appendectomy. During the surgery, the adhesions from the patient's previous surgery make it difficult for the resident physician to identify the appendix. Her attending mentions that she should use a certain structure for guidance to locate the appendix. The attending is most likely referring to which of the following structures? A. Deep inguinal ring B. Teniae coli C. Ileocolic artery D. Right ureter E. Epiploic appendages
#### B. Teniae coli
Given the following medical question or situation, provide the most suitable reasoning or explanation. Sort the following words alphabetically: List: bust midshipmen musicale urinary chalk rocket resiny horror tangential sapient dumb serf pathway urea goucher fatty masonry dentistry cowboy roadrunner
#### 20. urinary
Given the following medical question or situation, provide the most suitable reasoning or explanation. A 16-year-old boy presents to the emergency room with severe right shoulder pain following a painful overhead swing during a competitive volleyball match. On physical examination, the patient has limited active range of motion of the right shoulder and significant pain with passive motion. Suspecting a rotator cuff injury, the physician obtains an MRI, which indicates a minor tear in the tendon of the rotator cuff muscle that is innervated by the axillary nerve. Which of the following muscles was affected? A. Infraspinatus B. Subscapularis C. Supraspinatus D. Teres minor
#### D. Teres minor
Given the following medical question or situation, provide the most suitable reasoning or explanation. A train pulls out of the station at constant velocity. The received signal energy thus falls off with time as $1/i^2$. The total received signal at time $i$ is $Y_i = \frac{1}{i}X_i + Z_i$ where $Z_1, Z_2, \ldots$ are i.i.d. drawn from $N(0,1)$. The transmitter constraint for block length $n$ is $\frac{1}{n}\sum_{i=1}^n x_i^2(w) \leq 2 $ for $w \in \{1,2,\ldots, 2^{nR}\}$. Use Fano's inequality to find the capacity for this channel. A. 1.5 B. 2.5 C. 1.0 D. 0.0 E. 0.5 F. 0.75 G. 3.0 H. 1.25 I. 0.25 J. 2.0
#### D. 0.0
Given the following medical question or situation, provide the most suitable reasoning or explanation. "Here comes a perfectly valid argument: To begin with, being an ex-supporter of Vitória SC is necessary for being an opponent to SønderjyskE. Moreover, whoever is neither a backer of PAOK FC nor an ex-supporter of Lyngby BK is a backer of Everton FC or an opponent to SønderjyskE.finally, every backer of Everton FC is an ex-supporter of Vitória SC. In consequence, whoever is not an ex-supporter of Vitória SC is however a backer of PAOK FC or an ex-supporter of Lyngby BK." Is the argument, given the explicitly stated premises, deductively valid or invalid? Options: - valid - invalid
#### - valid
Given the following medical question or situation, provide the most suitable reasoning or explanation. This SVG path element <path d="M 23.66,12.78 A 9.08,9.08 335.96 1,0 7.07,20.19 A 9.08,9.08 335.96 1,0 23.66,12.78"/> draws a Options: (A) circle (B) heptagon (C) hexagon (D) kite (E) line (F) octagon (G) pentagon (H) rectangle (I) sector (J) triangle (K) ellipse
#### (K) ellipse
Given the following medical question or situation, provide the most suitable reasoning or explanation. A 24-year-old woman comes to a hospital to deliver her baby. Her obstetrician uses a caudal anesthesia during labor and childbih to block the spinal nerves in the Epidural space. Local anesthetic agents are most likely injected which of the following openings? A. Interveebral Foramen B. Sacral Hiatus C. Veebral canal D. Dorsal Sacral Foramen
#### B. Sacral Hiatus
Given the following medical question or situation, provide the most suitable reasoning or explanation. A clinical study of adult patients with chronic bloody diarrhea is performed. One group of these patients is found to have a statistically increased likelihood for the following: antibodies to Saccharomyces cerevisiae but not anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies, NOD2 gene polymorphisms, TH1 and TH17 immune cell activation, vitamin K deficiency, megaloblastic anemia, and gallstones. Which of the following diseases is this group of patients most likely to have? A. Angiodysplasia B. Crohn disease C. Diverticulitis D. Ischemic enteritis
#### B. Crohn disease
Given the following medical question or situation, provide the most suitable reasoning or explanation. A 25 year old male patient complains of pain in the lower back tooth region. History of similar complaint 6 months ago. Intra-oral examination reveals pericoronitis with 36. An IOPA is taken with the same tooth. During film processing, the thermometer in the manual processing tank reads 68◦F. The approximate time to keep the x-ray film in the developer solution is? A. 2 minutes B. 3 minutes C. 4 minutes D. 5 minutes
#### D. 5 minutes
Given the following medical question or situation, provide the most suitable reasoning or explanation. The sho retroviral regime administration in the peripaum period decreases the risk of veical transmission by : A. 30% B. 50% C. 65% D. 75%
#### C. 65%
Given the following medical question or situation, provide the most suitable reasoning or explanation. ((-6 * -9 + 1 * 7) - (0 + 3 * 5 - 2)) =
#### **48**.
Given the following medical question or situation, provide the most suitable reasoning or explanation. Today, Jason went to the museum. Between what times could they have gone? We know that: Jason woke up at 7am. Jessica saw Jason taking photos near the Eiffel Tower from 7am to 8am. Andrew saw Jason working at the office from 9am to 5pm. Susan saw Jason buying a phone at the electronics store from 5pm to 8pm. John saw Jason attending class at the school from 8pm to 9pm. The museum was closed after 9pm. Between what times could Jason have gone to the museum? Options: (A) 7am to 8am (B) 9am to 5pm (C) 5pm to 8pm (D) 8am to 9am
#### (D) 8am to 9am
Given the following medical question or situation, provide the most suitable reasoning or explanation. A 57-year-old man presents to his physician with dyspnea on exertion and rapid heartbeat. He denies any pain during these episodes. He works as a machine operator at a solar panels manufacturer. He has a 21-pack-year history of smoking. The medical history is significant for a perforated ulcer, in which he had to undergo gastric resection and bypass. He also has a history of depression, and he is currently taking escitalopram. The family history is unremarkable. The patient weighs 69 kg (152 lb). His height is 169 cm (5 ft 7 in). The vital signs include: blood pressure 140/90 mm Hg, heart rate 95/min, respiratory rate 12/min, and temperature 36.6℃ (97.9℉). Lung auscultation reveals widespread wheezes. Cardiac auscultation shows decreased S1 and grade 1/6 midsystolic murmur best heard at the apex. Abdominal and neurological examinations show no abnormalities. A subsequent echocardiogram shows increased left ventricular mass and an ejection fraction of 50%. Which of the options is a risk factor for the condition detected in the patient? A. The patient’s body mass B. History of gastric bypass surgery C. Exposure to heavy metals D. Smoking E. Escitalopram intake
#### D. Smoking
Given the following medical question or situation, provide the most suitable reasoning or explanation. Acrodynia/Pink disease occurs in poisoning with: Al 07; WB 07; TN 08; Rajasthan 11; Odisha 11; NEET 13,14 A. Mercury B. Arsenic C. Lead D. Thallium
#### **A. Mercury**
Given the following medical question or situation, provide the most suitable reasoning or explanation. A child with unilateral white reflex and raised intraocular pressure. the required investigation are all except A. Usg B. Tonometer C. Observation under anaesthesia D. CT scan
#### **D. CT scan**
Given the following medical question or situation, provide the most suitable reasoning or explanation. "Here comes a perfectly valid argument: To begin with, every ingredient of Brightening Veil is an ingredient of Clear mascara or an ingredient of Lip Gloss SPF 15. Moreover, no ingredient of Reel Him In is an ingredient of Lip Gloss SPF 15 or an ingredient of Clear mascara. Hence, whatever is an ingredient of Brightening Veil is not an ingredient of Reel Him In." Is the argument, given the explicitly stated premises, deductively valid or invalid? Options: - valid - invalid
#### valid
Given the following medical question or situation, provide the most suitable reasoning or explanation. A patient has carcinoma of right tongue on its lateral border of anterior 2/3rd, with lymph node of size 4 cm in level 3 on left side of the neck, stage of disease is: A. NO B. N1 C. N2 D. N3
#### C. N2