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= Cicely Mary Barker =
| 3472bbf8ef2d6c97dc28e0d3ce4f4e7c | 133 |
Cicely Mary Barker ( 28 June 1895 – 16 February 1973 ) was an English illustrator best known for a series of fantasy illustrations depicting fairies and flowers . Barker 's art education began in girlhood with correspondence courses and instruction at the Croydon School of Art . Her earliest professional work included greeting cards and juvenile magazine illustrations , and her first book , Flower Fairies of the Spring , was published in 1923 . Similar books were published in the following decades .
| 6fec0160abc5bb2d0910ee353fb7803e | 135 |
Barker was a devout Anglican , and donated her artworks to Christian fundraisers and missionary organizations . She produced a few Christian @-@ themed books such as The Children ’ s Book of Hymns and , in collaboration with her sister Dorothy , He Leadeth Me . She designed a stained glass window for St. Edmund 's Church , Pitlake , and her painting of the Christ Child , The Darling of the World Has Come , was purchased by Queen Mary .
| 6eac2859b3ce4dec336c615dff875b9f | 136 |
Barker was equally proficient in watercolour , pen and ink , oils , and pastels . Kate Greenaway and the Pre @-@ Raphaelites were the principal influences on her work . She claimed to paint instinctively and rejected artistic theories . Barker died in 1973 . Though she published Flower Fairy books with spring , summer , and autumn themes , it wasn 't until 1985 that a winter collection was assembled from her remaining work and published posthumously .
| 757faee3af68ac2afa5f55d2d9b805b3 | 137 |
= = Biography = =
| f37d5df0802199f139f28a57214fa52b | 139 |
= = = Early life = = =
| 0399b39d828290d85f13e93f8953ab82 | 142 |
Barker was born the second daughter and youngest child of Walter Barker , a partner in a seed supply company and an amateur artist , and his wife Mary Eleanor ( Oswald ) Barker on 28 June 1895 at home at 66 Waddon Road in Croydon , Surrey , England . Barker was an epileptic as a child , and cared for at home by her parents . Later , her sister and elder by two years , Dorothy Oswald Barker , continued the care .
| 96cb6025e4aacac344f6ff0cb2821ca1 | 144 |
The family of four was moderately well off , and belonged to the lower end of the upper middle class . A nanny , a governess , and a cook to prepare special meals for Barker were hired . She spent much time in bed at home amusing herself with painting books and a nursery library that included the works of Kate Greenaway and Randolph Caldecott – two artists who exerted strong influences on her later art .
| 4898a405cc6ba3884276001cebe99b07 | 145 |
= = = Art education and first professional work = = =
| bd79afc744b488f566bd10f40300a601 | 147 |
Barker took correspondence courses in art , probably until about 1919 . In 1908 at 13 years , she entered an evening class at the Croydon School of Art , and attended the school into the 1940s . In time , she received a teaching position .
| abf73edb5f88b41797b2aa0681d8790f | 149 |
In 1911 , Raphael Tuck & Sons bought four of Barker 's " little drawings " for half a sovereign , and published them as postcards . In October 1911 , she won second prize in the Croydon Art Society 's poster competition , and shortly afterward was elected the youngest member of the Society . The art critic for the Croydon Advertiser remarked , " Her drawings show a remarkable freedom of spirit . She has distinct promise . "
| 236ee1356462b0586d0f5dd450262e04 | 150 |
Following her father ’ s death in June 1912 , the seventeen @-@ year @-@ old Barker submitted art and poetry to My Magazine , Child ’ s Own , Leading Strings , and Raphael Tuck annuals in an effort to support both her mother and sister . Her sister Dorothy taught kindergarten in two private schools before opening a kindergarten at home . She brought in some money for the family 's support while supervising the household .
| fada4ae8ceb98af1b06c7ccd6154c4dc | 151 |
= = = Flower Fairies of the Spring , 1923 = = =
| a04fbbd302d0c43771c203de9c65fd66 | 153 |
Fairies became a popular theme in art and literature in the early 20th century following the releases of The Coming of the Fairies by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle , Peter Pan by J.M. Barrie , and the fairy @-@ themed work of Australian Ida Rentoul Outhwaite . Queen Mary made such themes even more popular by sending Outhwaite postcards to friends during the 1920s . In 1918 , Barker produced a postcard series depicting elves and fairies .
| 2eeff05127aa1a12837a0837f07f68dc | 155 |
In 1923 , Barker sent her flower fairy paintings to various publishers . Blackie paid £ 25 for 24 paintings with accompanying verses , but it wasn 't until publication of Flower Fairies of the Summer in 1925 that Barker received royalties for her work . Mary Violet Clayton Calthrop , wife of author Dion Clayton Calthrop , wrote in April 1925 about Barker and Flower Fairies of the Spring : " She has such exquisite taste , besides draughtsmanship . "
| 55b210736b447b4b7d1194c93aef3446 | 156 |
= = = The Waldrons = = =
| 02510b085afc0033b194a0ae3c9333a3 | 158 |
In 1924 , the family moved into a four @-@ level , semi @-@ detached Victorian house at 23 The Waldrons . Barker had a studio built in the garden and her sister conducted a kindergarten in a room at the back of the house . The family lived frugally and attended both St. Edmund 's and St. Andrew 's in Croydon – " low " churches for the less privileged . Barker sometimes incorporated portraits of her fellow parishioners in her religious works . She was described by Canon Ingram Hill as " one of the pillars " of St. Andrew 's .
| 0e17a58044a28ad2e2e08c4f8a777e2c | 160 |
The children in the kindergarten modelled for the Flower Fairies until the kindergarten closed in 1940 . In an interview in 1958 , Barker said , " My sister ran a kindergarten and I used to borrow her students for models . For many years I had an atmosphere of children about me – I never forgot it . " She also painted the children of relatives as well as Gladys Tidy , the Barkers ' young housekeeper , who posed for the Primrose Fairy in 1923 . The plants were painted from life , and if a specimen was not readily at hand , Kew Gardens staff would provide her the specimens needed . Barker designed and built the Flower Fairy costumes , and based each on the flowers and leaves of the particular plant to be illustrated . The costumes were kept in a trunk in her studio along with wings made of twigs and gauze . Each was broken down after an illustration was completed and the parts recycled for other costumes . She often referred to Dion Clayton Calthrop 's English Costume .
| e18fbce7cb7f72ccb38c2e82d1ad417c | 161 |
= = = Middle years = = =
| b1c499d7a3d5cc92c69b495c656a241c | 163 |
In the late 1920s , Barker began to doubt she was doing enough for the church and considered focusing solely on sacred works . Family and friends recommended she continue secular and sacred works , which she did .
| 403dabd9150853f0fbc571b5c95a7581 | 165 |
Barker continued to attend evening classes at the Croydon Art School between the 1920s and the 1940s , eventually receiving a teaching position . She took sketching trips to Amberley and Storrington in Sussex and to Cornwall and the southern coast with family and friends . She visited and stayed with artist Margaret Tarrant in Gomshall , Surrey and with family in Ugglebarnby , Near Whitby , North Yorkshire .
| 2901bbf1aa05cb8431c17ca1340bab7d | 166 |
In 1940 , the Barker 's live @-@ in maid retired , and Dorothy Barker closed her school at the back of the house in The Waldrons . She continued to supervise the household , and to give both her mother and sister the care they needed . Dorothy and her sister collaborated upon only two books : Our Darling 's First Book and the Christian @-@ themed , He Leadeth Me . In 1954 Dorothy Barker died of a heart attack . Barker was unable to pursue her art to any significant extent following her sister 's death , as all the care of her aged mother devolved upon her , but she did manage to begin planning a stained glass window design in her sister 's memory for St. Edmund 's , Pitlake .
| 3a148bfb186a30255a25136c0fc2eec2 | 167 |
= = = Later life and death = = =
| d3ada6357b9ea2a643b230fabfb90287 | 169 |
Barker 's mother died in 1960 , and , in 1961 , Barker moved from 23 The Waldrons to 6 Duppas Avenue in Croydon . She restored a maisonette in Storrington , Sussex , England , bequeathed by her friend Edith Major , and named it St. Andrew 's . After taking up residence , her health began to deteriorate . She was in and out of nursing and convalescent homes , and tended by relatives and friends .
| 4b9f415a147df7bc8a47704393c670af | 171 |
Barker died at Worthing Hospital on 16 February 1973 , aged 77 years . Two funeral services were held – one in Storrington Church and one in Barker 's maisonette . Her ashes were scattered in Storrington churchyard . In 1989 , Frederick Warne , a division of Penguin Books since 1983 , acquired the Flower Fairies properties .
| c30e7a041899f351f6aa3425dbc5bf86 | 172 |
= = Art = =
| 0d95fe2b82a3dfdc0a174fc74014a8ba | 174 |
Barker worked principally in watercolor with pen @-@ and @-@ ink , but she was equally competent in black @-@ and @-@ white , in oils , and in pastels . She carried a sketchbook with her for capturing interesting children . She once indicated , " I have always tried to paint instinctively in a way that comes naturally to me , without any real thought or attention to artistic theories . "
| 83cc47d1274007ac664aa285835e84e3 | 176 |
Kate Greenaway was a childhood favorite and an influence on her art . Barker 's child subjects wear nostalgic clothing as Greenaway 's children do , though Barker 's children are less melancholy and less flat in appearance , due perhaps to advances in printing technology . Barker studied flowers with an analytical eye and was friend to children 's illustrator , Margaret Tarrant . Along with Greenaway , illustrator Alice B. Woodward also influenced Barker 's work .
| d496e6d284670ce29a02725e3ca5b4da | 177 |
The Pre @-@ Raphaelites were a strong , lifelong influence on Barker . She once indicated , " I am to some extent influenced by them — not in any technical sense , but in the choice of subject matter and the feeling and atmosphere they could achieve . " She admitted a fondness for the early paintings of John Everett Millais and " the wonderful things " of Edward Burne @-@ Jones .
| d48c25333f62ec0dfd6dbcec53fa6bb4 | 178 |
= = = Depictions of children = = =
| 520655e3ef94dc94c8949fd5a637266d | 180 |
Barker 's sketches , drawings , and paintings of children were given to friends or to the parents of the subjects , donated to charitable institutions and church sponsored events , or exhibited through various art organizations . She illustrated magazine covers , dust jackets , and produced series of postcards for Raphael Tuck and other publishers such as Picturesque Children of the Allies ( 1915 ) , Seaside Holidays ( 1918 ) , and Shakespeare 's Boy and Girl Characters ( 1917 , 1920 ) . Her own Old Rhymes for All Times ( 1928 ) and The Lord of the Rushie River ( 1938 ) , a tale about a girl who lives among swans on a riverbank , were critically well received . Set about 1800 , Groundsel and Necklaces ( 1943 ) tells of a girl named Jenny who rescues her family from poverty through the agency of the fairies . The story features an old Scrooge @-@ like man called Mr. Petercoo and tonally suggests a Dickensian social consciousness . Simon the Swan , intended as a sequel to Rushie River was outlined in 1943 with Groundsel , but only developed in 1953 . It was published posthumously in 1988 and is critically considered less successful than Groundsel .
| e32a7dac4b563685d7d557737cbffc8f | 182 |
= = = Christian @-@ themed works = = =
| 72f41ef5fa6df5b2451b9f1e7be1cb47 | 184 |
Barker was a devout Christian , and produced religious @-@ themed works throughout her life . She published eight postcards and five guardian angel birthday cards for the Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge in 1916 and in 1923 respectively . Christmas cards were designed for The Girls ' Friendly Society over a 20 @-@ year period , and the first three designs sold out a combined printing of 46 @,@ 500 in 1923 . An original design for the society called The Darling of the World Has Come was purchased by Queen Mary for ₤ 5 @.@ 5 @.@ 0 in 1926 . The Croydon Art Society hung Barker 's booklet cover design for the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in its November 1919 exhibition .
| 95dd9aafab7d1cc5c437d7dc2c6a3382 | 186 |
Religious @-@ themed books include The Children 's Book of Hymns ( 1929 ) and He Leadeth Me ( 1933 ) , the latter written in collaboration with her sister . Major religious works include the triptychs in oil , The Feeding of the Five Thousand ( 1929 ) , for the chapel in Llandaff House , a home for destitute women at Penarth , Wales , and The Parable of the Great Supper ( 1934 ) for St. George 's Chapel , Waddon . The Feeding has since disappeared , and only a black @-@ and @-@ white photograph dated 1929 reproduces the work . In 1941 , she completed oil panels on the subject of the seven sacraments for the baptismal font at St. Andrew 's , South Croydon . She designed baptismal rolls for the wall behind the font in 1948 and 1962 . In 1946 , she completed the 4 x 7 ft. oil painting , Out of Great Tribulation , for the Memorial Chapel of Norbury Methodist Church . Following the death of her sister in 1954 , Barker began designs for a stained glass memorial window depicting Christ preparing to wash the feet of his disciples . Her last religious @-@ themed work , it was installed in St. Edmund 's , Pitlake , in 1962 .
| 338f325fcda5726c65c79c7061f9ae25 | 187 |
= = Works = =
| 3f9913517080c835f4eaf7caf609e2fa | 189 |
= = = Cards = = =
| b23139f8c5249a9e3bf4c2d8cb69f0ea | 192 |
Picturesque Children of the Allies ; J. Salmon , 1916
| 45e726d153219b8a8896e5b87996a785 | 194 |
National Mission ; Society for the Preservation of Christian Knowledge , 1916
| 5f5e065890ee9e280346ad9a76674fb8 | 195 |
Shakespeare 's Boy Characters ; C. W. Faulkner , 1917
| a3a58ab38c42bdb0ff5839188272fde8 | 196 |
Shakespeare 's Girl Characters ; C. W. Faulkner , 1920
| b8771ae59921111d73f673bd7e7b46fc | 197 |
Seaside Holiday ; J. Salmon , 1918 , 1921
| 9c514359e9f75ca0eb5757d5c1abe564 | 198 |
Elves and Fairies ; S. Harvey , 1918
| ff56ac038917604a05294bb60ee66232 | 199 |
Guardian Angel ; Society for the Preservation of Christian Knowledge , 1923
| 8da76cb5324aab8b1722857c8fc757ca | 200 |
Christmas cards ; Girls ' Friendly Society , 1920s , 1930s
| ed933bc8923cb814fb4564e89a1a91a0 | 201 |
Christmas cards ( US ) ; Barton @-@ Colton , 1920s , 1930s
| 4e0223f79dec60072e4f74df48dd0647 | 202 |
Beautiful Bible Pictures ; Blackie , 1932
| 2bed3e9311a368068a0c9d1ecd5d6f31 | 203 |
= = = Books = = =
| 2ad372fc91a97fb0548eaf2e809b2276 | 205 |
Flower Fairies of the Spring ; Blackie , 1923
| 8dad245e54adf842e3ed1a9cfd786742 | 207 |
Spring Songs with Music ; Blackie , 1923
| 5d699cc864b07f05c628c6b06f768e78 | 208 |
Flower Fairies of the Summer ; Blackie , 1925
| 714304595492fa9eea0b03900367632f | 209 |
Child Thoughts in Picture and Verse ( by M. K. Westcott ) ; Blackie , 1925
| d885f29e24653e630bf5a2269163c282 | 210 |
Flower Fairies of the Autumn ; Blackie , 1926
| a39008d403a8d96b83ceeab68deef8cc | 211 |
Summer Songs with Music ; Blackie , 1926
| a468d4066e726f1193b9bac022addc02 | 212 |
The Book of the Flower Fairies ; Blackie , 1927
| a4235e5d47bc3118e6ccd33e12fe0938 | 213 |
Autumn Songs with Music ; Blackie , 1927
| 178b062c2fb1e4725dd0c8bfd0f1ffa9 | 214 |
Old Rhymes for All Times ; Blackie , 1928
| 1212d36b686f84093357adf9688d411d | 215 |
The Children ’ s Book of Hymns ; Blackie , 1929 ; rep . 1933
| 03178dfbe57a938ed9612a32af188338 | 216 |
Our Darling ’ s First Book ( written in collaboration with Dorothy Barker ) ; Blackie , 1929
| f26a14ea4901522a2014fc855c2e35c5 | 217 |
The Little Picture Hymn Book ; Blackie , 1933
| 0cc5a3a0b259503ca94a5c3f562ef0fb | 218 |
Rhymes New and Old ; Blackie , 1933
| dee9a94158d3507321a454a7e22a0853 | 219 |
A Flower Fairy Alphabet ; Blackie , 1934
| 8573e44d032986b1befb5c6edb4616d4 | 220 |
A Little Book of Old Rhymes ; Blackie , 1936
| cb17fbee14e7d68eb8af64dc22a61e39 | 221 |
He Leadeth Me ( written in collaboration with Dorothy Barker ) ; Blackie , 1936
| c27d2093d065ff010876653fb728bd83 | 222 |
A Little Book of Rhymes New and Old ; Blackie , 1937
| 05787e3739bf5995e23da98902986c45 | 223 |
The Lord of the Rushie River ; Blackie , 1938
| 1a7f3c1d80d33046162c66d103b944ed | 224 |
Flower Fairies of the Trees ; Blackie , 1940
| 3d7662b624be707755bd427ac6d81ca9 | 225 |
When Spring Came In at the Window ; Blackie , 1942
| 3b9149282a4e4fdc805f5025611beff1 | 226 |
A Child ’ s Garden of Verses ( Robert Louis Stevenson ) ; Blackie , 1944
| 9243daa9b5957be645576676965b361b | 227 |
Flower Fairies of the Garden ; Blackie , 1944
| e6fbfd426774ba5f971a521dfbb2c3bb | 228 |
Groundsel and Necklaces ; Blackie , 1946 ; reprinted as Fairy Necklaces
| 43a1cc2954bdca067abe64ad8648000d | 229 |
Flower Fairies of the Wayside ; Blackie , 1948
| 3b785adae5e17e656166bd49bef28897 | 230 |
Flower Fairies of the Flowers and Trees ; Blackie , 1950
| 16d011a5a0208b7702bb1771690efe25 | 231 |
Lively Stories ; Macmillan , 1954
| d918bcb5e876597eae91ec481e6b2cba | 232 |
The Flower Fairy Picture Book ; Blackie , 1955
| 503d4a62904259c85f3dc57a9a619b45 | 233 |
Lively Numbers ; Macmillan , 1957
| 8e90f74f4e477a9b7fc6a0108bfa7dee | 234 |
Lively Words ; Macmillan , 1961 .
| 98af3e4418b9d5a512272f091200d823 | 235 |
The Sand , the Sea and the Sun ; Gibson , 1970
| 0fb78d3012be978b66930a5fee0f61ec | 236 |
= = = = Posthumously published = = = =
| 630d19ee263806e64f8fd06c3ae83082 | 238 |
Flower Fairies of the Winter ; Blackie , 1985
| 1a88721a15f7d93198912fa3e4d150b7 | 240 |
Simon the Swan ; Blackie , 1988
| 5ac354bef37621bbdca140b62c404a81 | 241 |
Flower Fairies of the Seasons ; Bedrick / Blackie , 1988
| 288a836e0626b6c1f656b11ee927e228 | 242 |
A Little Book of Prayers and Hymns ; Frederick Warne , 1994
| e1dea2acf7d8a48ecebd2c2bbb0a2485 | 243 |
A Flower Fairies Treasury ; Frederick Warne , 1997
| 4c1db8266eedf151e6d0b7e2d2f45d77 | 244 |
Fairyopolis ; Frederick Warne , 2005
| f96ffbe7cdef55991e7a68720e76aeb3 | 245 |
Wild Cherry Makes A Wish ; ( collaboration with Pippa Le Quesne ) Frederick Warne , 2006
| 5a4b4338df1db89272eccc847719058a | 246 |
How to find Flower Fairies ; Frederick Warne , 2007
| 61359a9d7f4b70da5c59f1c0a4f956f8 | 247 |
Return to Fairyopolis ; Frederick Warne , 2008
| 4a268831ee25a2d44cf63682c3c4b3e8 | 248 |
= = = Book covers = = =
| 8fc0466718a974b2e474a9a8125cbeaa | 250 |
A New Epiphany ; Society for the Preservation of Christian Knowledge , 1919
| b73d46e0ddc81bc60fe7b02bd1a1960d | 252 |
43 Annuals ; Blackie , 1920s , 1930s
| d266211a11ff5bc978135a988dc094c0 | 253 |
= = = Religious works = = =
| 03a27c94180559b0215b8649185ef41a | 255 |
St. Cecily 's Garden ; 1920
| acf73e3ab703143b3cf39422c8115f10 | 257 |
Cradle roll design ; St. Edmund 's , Pitlake , 1922
| 38c2e9f841b1bd7710afcf277bd3c7f6 | 258 |
Banner design ; St. Mary 's , Sanderstead , 1923
| 20bf1281ca366abdecbd6d9e355636a8 | 259 |
The Feeding of the Five Thousand ; reredos triptych , chapel at Penarth , Wales ; 1929
| 63a3f1bbae8905d2d4d57d60138ac93b | 260 |
The Parable of the Great Supper ; triptych , St. George 's chapel , Waddon
| 4bfd16081697b261481251534f4eb4f8 | 261 |
The Seven Sacraments ; baptismal font panels , St. Andrew 's , Croydon
| a542b70f3310074b5194da8e88b73764 | 262 |
St. John the Baptist ; central banner panel , Abesford church , 1943
| 8fdb1eb65b74d37ce136603aa2d9f2e4 | 263 |
Lettering , sword , and shield ; mount for a list of men and woman serving in the Forces , St. Andrews , Croydon , 1943
| 4c9146c367d4974a8c3e3f255a0ba1db | 264 |
Baptismal rolls ; St. Andrews , Croydon , 1948 , 1962
| 4b9873f3147168998ce2d92b98c22522 | 265 |
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