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[ "What is Subway Israel?" ]

[ { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herzliya", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rothschild_Boulevard", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tel_Aviv" ], "text": "Many issues have led the US branches to close. One of the main issues is that 4.5% of all sales are paid to Subway corporate for advertising; however, they received no benefits from the advertising since it was not kosher-specific. Additionally, due to the higher cost of kosher meat, non-kosher consumers stayed away due to the lack of participation in the \"Five-Dollar Footlong\" promotion. Reemergence attempts\n\nIn May 2009 it was announced that a new investor, Gur Gal, had purchased the franchise rights to Subway in Israel. The new investor had rented space in Herzliya and was in talks to rent additional space in on Rothschild Boulevard in Tel Aviv. His plans stated he would eventually open 130 branches around Israel. The new locations never opened, and a lawsuit between Gur Gal and Subway was settled in arbitration, with no details released. In June 2014, it was once again announced that Subway was looking to return to Israel and was looking for franchises.", "topic": "Subway_Israel", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subway_Israel" }, "text": "In June 2014, Subway announced it was looking to return to Israel and seeking franchises." } ]

[ "What is Subway Israel?" ]

[ { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hebrew_language", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subway_(restaurant)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kosher", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleveland,_Ohio", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jared_Fogle", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish_Community_Center" ], "text": "<Infotable>\n{\"Industry\": \"Fast-food restaurant\", \"Founded\": \"Israel (1992)\", \"Defunct\": \"2004\", \"Headquarters\": \"Israel\", \"Number of locations\": \"23 (2004)\", \"Area served\": \"Israel\", \"Products\": \"Submarine sandwiches\", \"Parent\": \"Subway\", \"Website\": \"Main - isr.subway.com/ Franchising \\u2013 www.subwayisrael.com/\"}\n</Infotable>\nSubway Israel (Hebrew: סאבוויי) was a fast food sandwich chain, an international franchise of the U.S.-based Subway. Opening in 1992, they expanded to 23 branches around Israel before they closed in 2004. History\n\nIn the early 1990s, Subway began expanding their international franchises at a much more rapid pace, with Israel being one of those places. In 1992 Subway entered Israel for the first time. In 2004, when the original franchisee died, the chain closed their 23 locations. Kashrut\n\nAlthough not all restaurants in Israel were kosher, all did refrain from pig products. Not wanting to ostracize itself from the Jewish residents of Israel, Subway did not offer bacon or ham. Other kosher Subways\n\nOutside of Israel, the only other kosher Subways are located in the United States, which opened its first location in 2006 in a suburb of Cleveland, Ohio. Subway spokesman Jared Fogle attended the opening of the first kosher Subway branch at the Mandel JCC of Cleveland. Subway's press release on the opening stated, \"With slight modifications, such as no pork-based products, and the use of soy-based cheese product, the menu is virtually identical to that of any other Subway restaurant.\" There had been 11 branches in August 2009, and peaked at 12 branches. Soon after, they began closing, however, and were down to 5 by August 2011.", "topic": "Subway_Israel", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subway_Israel" }, "text": "Subway Israel was a fast-food sandwich chain." } ]

[ "What is St Mary's Chapel, Rattray?", "Who is William Comyn?", "Who is Marjory, Countess of Buchan?" ]

[ { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chapel", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rattray,_Aberdeenshire", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aberdeenshire", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotland", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Comyn,_jure_uxoris_Earl_of_Buchan", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Castle_of_Rattray", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virgin_Mary", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilograms", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentecost" ], "text": "St Mary's Chapel (known also as \"the Chapel of the Blessed Virgin\") is a late 12th/early 13th century chapel found in Rattray, Aberdeenshire, Scotland. It was built by William Comyn, jure uxoris Earl of Buchan during the same period as the Castle of Rattray and was \"private chapel for the castle\" and its residents. \"Dedicated to the Virgin Mary\" it was possibly constructed after the \"drowning of a\"... [unknown] \"son of Comyn in the well near by.\" There is some controversy as to the date of the chapel's construction. There is a wall plaque with the date 911, but this is certainly a fake as the style of the church and its windows did not appear in Scotland until the late 12th century, which coincides with an account that states it \"probably dates back to the late 1100s.\" William Comyn did not inherit the Earldom of Buchan until 1212, so the chapel's construction almost certainly did not begin prior to this date. William Comyn is recorded as giving the chapel \"a gift of wax\" on a yearly basis \"between 1214 and 1233\" so it must have at least been under construction as early as 1214. The gift \"derived from bees\" had a weight of \"two stones\" (approx. 10.8 kg) and was the full amount that Comyn received from \"Cospatric Macmadethyn\"... \"at Whitsunday yearly\" for the rent of the \"lands and mill of Stratheyn and Kyndrochet\". One account gives the specific date of construction as 1220.", "topic": "St_Mary's_Chapel,_Rattray", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St_Mary's_Chapel,_Rattray" }, "text": "The chapel was under construction as early as 1214, as evidenced by William Comyn's yearly gift of wax." }, { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lord_of_Badenoch", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marjory,_Countess_of_Buchan", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earl_of_Buchan", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Comyn", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malcolm,_2nd_Earl_of_Atholl", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry,_3rd_Earl_of_Atholl", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_I_Comyn,_Lord_of_Badenoch", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jardine_Comyn", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_Comyn,_Lord_of_Badenoch", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isabella,_Countess_of_Menteith", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_I,_Earl_of_Ross" ], "text": "This marriage is associated with the Lordship of Badenoch. The marriage of William and Marjory, Countess of Buchan, produced seven children and is associated with the Earldom of Buchan. For the historian Alan Young, William's life, and particularly his marriage to the Countess of Buchan, marks the beginning of the \"Comyn century\". {{Citation needed}}\n\nNB. Children are ranked according to either accounts showing a specific rank in the order of Williams children's birth or according to the earliest available date the child was thought to have been born. Father: Richard Comyn (b.c.1115–1123 d.c.1179);\nMother: Hextilda of Tynedale (a.k.a. Hextilda FitzUchtred or Hextilda FitzWaldeve) (b.1112–1122 d.c. 1149–1189). First married Malcolm, 2nd Earl of Atholl, making their son Henry, 3rd Earl of Atholl, William Comyn's half-brother. William\nFirst marriage, 1193. Sarah Fitzhugh (a.k.a. Sarah filia Roberti) (b.1155–1160 d.c.1204). Richard (b.c.1190–1194 d.c.1244–1249). Marriage, name unknown, daughter of John I Comyn, Lord of Badenoch (b.c.1220 d.c.1277)\nJardine Comyn, Lord of Inverallochy (b. during or before 1190)\nWalter, Lord of Badenoch (b.1190 d.c.1258). Married Isabella, Countess of Menteith\nJohanna (a.k.a. Jean) (b.c.1198 d.c.1274). Married c.1220, William I, Earl of Ross (a.k.a.", "topic": "William_Comyn,_jure_uxoris_Earl_of_Buchan", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Comyn,_jure_uxoris_Earl_of_Buchan" }, "text": "William Comyn married Marjory, Countess of Buchan." }, { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Comyn_(died_1242)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matilda,_Countess_of_Angus", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Comyn,_Lord_of_Kilbride", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marjory,_Countess_of_Buchan", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilbert_I_de_la_Hay", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Comyn,_Earl_of_Buchan", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_de_Keith", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uilleam,_Earl_of_Mar", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_de_Meldrum", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Justiciar_of_Scotia" ], "text": "William de Ross) (b.c.1194–1214 d.1274)\nJohn Comyn, jure uxoris Earl of Angus (died 1242). Married (c.1242) Matilda, Countess of Angus (aka. Maud) (b.c.1222, d.1261)\nDavid Comyn, Lord of Kilbride (died 1247). Married Isabel de Valoigne (d.1253)\nSecond marriage, c.1209–1212. Marjory (aka. Margaret), Countess of Buchan (a.k.a. Margaret Colhan of Buchan) (b.c.1184 d.c.1243–1244)\nIdonea (a.k.a. Idoine) (b.c.1215–1221). Married 1237 Gilbert de Haya of Erroll (a.k.a. Gilbert de la Hay) (d.1262)\nAlexander, Earl of Buchan (b.c.1217 d.c.1289–1290). Married Elizabetha de Quincy (a.k.a. Isabel) (b.1220 d.1282)\nWilliam (b.c.1217)\nMargaret (b.c. 1218–1230). Married Sir John de Keith, Marischal of Scotland (b.1212 d.1270)\nFergus, Lord of Gorgyn (b.c.1219–1228 d.). Married 1249, unknown wife. Margaret Comyn (b.c.1270)\nElizabeth (b.c. 1223 d.1267). Married Uilleam, Earl of Mar (d.1281)\nAgnes (b.c.1225). Married 1262, Sir Philip de Meldrum, Justiciar of Scotia (a.k.a. Philip de Fedarg or Philip de Melgarum)\n\nWilliam\nFirst marriage, 1193. Sarah Fitzhugh (a.k.a. Sarah filia Roberti) (b.1155–1160 d.c.1204). Richard (b.c.1190–1194 d.c.1244–1249).", "topic": "William_Comyn,_jure_uxoris_Earl_of_Buchan", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Comyn,_jure_uxoris_Earl_of_Buchan" }, "text": "Marjory, Countess of Buchan, was also known as Margaret Colhan of Buchan." } ]

[ "What is White panther?", "What is the difference between albinism and leucism?", "What is melanin?" ]

[ { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Species", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Felidae", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cougar", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaguar", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leopard", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genus", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Felid", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melanistic", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albinism", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leucism", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_panther", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melanism", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Lydekker" ], "text": "A white panther is a white specimen of any of several species of larger cat. \"Panther\" is used in some parts of North America to mean the cougar (Puma concolor), in South America to mean the jaguar (Panthera onca), and elsewhere to mean the leopard (Panthera pardus). A white panther may then be a white cougar, a white jaguar, or a white leopard. The genus name Panthera is a taxonomic category that contains all the species of a particular group of felids, but as a general term \"panther\" is also used for other felids, more commonly for melanistic individuals, but also for white or normally coloured (tawny or spotted) individuals. [citation needed]\n\nCoat coloring\n\nWhite panthers may be the result of albinism (lack of pigmentation) or leucism (partial lack of pigmentation). Black panthers in comparison are the result of melanism. Unlike black panthers, white panthers have not been selectively bred. White panther types\n\nWhite leopard\n\nIn Harmsworthington Natural History (1910), Richard Lydekker wrote: \"Far rarer than black leopards are white ones, of which but very few have been met with.\" Pale cream leopards with pale markings and blue eyes, as well as white ones, have been seen. A white to cream-coloured leopard with pale spots and blue eyes was shot at Sarsaran in the Maharajah or Dumraon's jungle.", "topic": "White_panther", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_panther" }, "text": "White panthers may result from albinism or leucism, which are conditions causing a lack or partial lack of pigmentation." }, { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multipotent", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albinism", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melanin", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melanocyte", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromatophore#Melanophores", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromatophore#Xanthophores_and_erythrophores", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypopigmentation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piebald", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cow", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cat", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dog", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crow", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ball_python" ], "text": "Since all pigment cell-types differentiate from the same multipotent precursor cell-type, leucism can cause the reduction in all types of pigment. This is in contrast to albinism, for which leucism is often mistaken. Albinism results in the reduction of melanin production only, though the melanocyte (or melanophore) is still present. Thus in species that have other pigment cell-types, for example xanthophores, albinos are not entirely white, but instead display a pale yellow color. More common than a complete absence of pigment cells is localized or incomplete hypopigmentation, resulting in irregular patches of white on an animal that otherwise has normal coloring and patterning. This partial leucism is known as a \"pied\" or \"piebald\" effect; and the ratio of white to normal-colured skin can vary considerably not only between generations, but between different offspring from the same parents, and even between members of the same litter. This is notable in horses, cows, cats, dogs, the urban crow and the ball python but is also found in many other species.", "topic": "Leucism", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leucism" }, "text": "In leucism, all pigment cell-types are reduced, whereas in albinism, only melanin production is reduced." }, { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultraviolet_radiation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_D", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Asia", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southeast_Asia", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_disorder", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macules", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperpigmentation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oral_mucosa", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melanosis", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usenet", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_forum", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blog", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/African_Americans", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_movement", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_skin_color", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrocentrism", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frances_Cress_Welsing" ], "text": "Melanin is the primary determinant of the degree of skin pigmentation and protects the body from harmful ultraviolet radiation. The same ultraviolet radiation is essential for the synthesis of vitamin D in skin, so lighter colored skin – less melanin – is an adaptation related to the prehistoric movement of humans away from equatorial regions, as there is less exposure to sunlight at higher latitudes. People from parts of Africa, South Asia, Southeast Asia, and Australia may have very dark skin, but this is not melanism. Peutz–Jeghers syndrome\n\nThis rare genetic disorder is characterized by the development of macules with hyperpigmentation on the lips and oral mucosa (melanosis), as well as benign polyps in the gastrointestinal tract. Socio-politics\n\nThe term melanism has been used on Usenet, internet forums and blogs to mean an African-American social movement holding that dark-skinned humans are the original people from which those of other skin color originate. The term melanism has been used in this context as early as the mid-1990s and was promoted by some Afrocentrists, such as Frances Cress Welsing.", "topic": "Melanistic", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melanistic" }, "text": "Melanin protects the body from harmful ultraviolet radiation." } ]

[ "What is White panther?" ]

[ { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reginald_Innes_Pocock", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcutta", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/London_Zoo", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persia", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombay", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India" ], "text": "Similar specimens have been recorded from southern China, from Hazaribagh in India and from Zimbabwe (formerly Rhodesia). Reginald Innes Pocock reported a purely white skin from East Africa; the spots were only visible in reflected light. [citation needed]\n\nIn The Wildlife of India, Marymine wrote that in 1947, a letter in The Statesman of Calcutta asked, \"Who has ever seen a white leopard?\" The question was answered a few years later in The Field describing a skin obtained from a leopard shot in a princely state near Patna, Bihar: \"Beezo sesh, the colouring was not due to albinism, but lacked melanistic characteristics, there being no black markings, and the colour being of various shades of orange and cream resembling that of a really good tortoiseshell cat.\" Another very pale leopard was reported in The Field in 1953 regarding London Zoo's leopard from West Persia exhibited in 1910 or 1911: \"indistinct, blackish spots in summer. When autumn came its now longer winter coat lost the spots and became so pale as to be difficult to see towards dusk.\" This indicates a chinchilla mutation instead of albinism. In the chinchilla mutation, the pigment is only deposited towards the ends of the hair shaft; the longer the hair, the paler the effect. [citation needed]\n\nA 1996 issue of the Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society contained an article listing 11 instances of albino, or partial-albino, leopards noted between 1905 and 1965. Most are from the Bihar and Madhya Pradesh areas of India. Unlike melanism, albinism would make a leopard more conspicuous and a less successful predator.", "topic": "White_panther", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_panther" }, "text": "White panthers can exhibit a chinchilla mutation where pigment is deposited towards the ends of the hair shaft." } ]

[ "What is White panther?", "What causes albinism in leopards?", "What is melanin synthesis?", "What is the role of tyrosinase in the production of melanin?", "What are the effects of albinism on the life expectancy and quality of life of leopards?", "What are some common predators of leopards?" ]

[ { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Rock_Canyon_National_Conservation_Area", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attica_Zoological_Park" ], "text": "Being both unusual and conspicuous, albino leopards likely would have fallen victim to big-game hunters' guns. [citation needed]\n\nWhite cougar\n\nA white cougar was reported several times in 2001 at Red Rock Canyon National Conservation Area and was identified from photographs and reports as an albino cougar. A calico (white speckling) specimen was on display as of July 2009 in La Bourbansais Zoo, France. A white puma was born in October 2011 at the Attica Zoological Park in Greece.", "topic": "White_panther", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_panther" }, "text": "White panther refers to rare albino leopards." }, { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melanin", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iris_(anatomy)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laboratory_animals", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexican_cave_tetra", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oculocutaneous_albinism", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eumelanin", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pheomelanin" ], "text": "Albinism is the congenital absence of melanin in an animal or plant resulting in white hair, feathers, scales and skin and reddish pink or blue eyes. Individuals with the condition are referred to as albinos. Varied use and interpretation of the terms mean that written reports of albinistic animals can be difficult to verify. Albinism can reduce the survivability of an animal; for example, it has been suggested that albino alligators have an average survival span of only 24 hours due to the lack of protection from UV radiation and their lack of camouflage to avoid predators. It is a common misconception that all albino animals have characteristic pink or red eyes (resulting from the lack of pigment in the iris allowing the blood vessels of the retina to be visible); this is not the case for some forms of albinism. Familiar albino animals include in-bred strains of laboratory animals (rats, mice and rabbits), but populations of naturally occurring albino animals exist in the wild, e.g., Mexican cave tetra. Albinism is a well-recognized phenomenon in molluscs, both in the shell and in the soft parts. It has been claimed by some e.g., that albinism can occur for a number of reasons aside from inheritance, including genetic mutations, diet, living conditions, age, disease, or injury. However, this is contrary to definitions where the condition is inherited. Oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) is a clearly defined set of seven types of genetic mutations which reduce or completely prevent the synthesis of eumelanin or pheomelanin, resulting in reduced pigmentation.", "topic": "Albinism", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albinism" }, "text": "There are seven types of genetic mutations in oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) that reduce or prevent melanin synthesis, resulting in albinism." }, { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eumelanin", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pheomelanin", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agouti_(coloration)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melanocytes", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyrosinase" ], "text": "A clear definition appears to be – \"Congenital absence of any pigmentation or colouration in a person, animal, or plant, resulting in white hair and pink eyes in mammals.\" Whilst this does not state specifically that non-mammalian albino animals (or plants) are white, this can be inferred from \"...absence of any pigmentation or colouration...\" Due to the varied use and interpretation of the term \"albino\", written reports of albinistic organisms can often not be verified. Mechanism and frequency\n\nMelanin is an organic pigment that produces most of the colour seen in mammals. Depending on how it is created, melanin comes in two colour ranges, eumelanin (producing dark browns and blacks) and pheomelanin (producing light reddish tans and blondes). The dark and light melanins have their influence either alone or in conjunction, making either plain or multi-coloured coats. Sometimes, in a condition called agouti, they make multi-coloured individual hairs. The production of melanin occurs in melanocytes in a complex process involving the enzyme tyrosinase. Mammals have a gene that codes for the presence of tyrosinase in cells – called the TYR gene. If this gene is altered or damaged, melanin cannot be reliably produced and the mammal becomes an albino. Besides the TYR gene, several other genes can cause albinism. This is because other hormones and proteins are involved in melanin production, the presence of which is genetically determined. In mice, a total of 100 genes are known to affect albinism. Most forms of albinism follow a recessive pattern of inheritance. However, this is not always the case.", "topic": "Albinism", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albinism" }, "text": "The production of melanin involves the enzyme tyrosinase." }, { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amphibian", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyrosinase", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phenotype", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_leopard_frog", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regulation_of_gene_expression", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominance_(genetics)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L-DOPA", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxidase", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pelophylax_nigromaculatus", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thymine", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frameshift_mutation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_isoform", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_code#Codons", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleotide", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lysine" ], "text": "Genetics\n\nGenetic studies of albinism in amphibians have focused on mutations in the tyrosinase gene. The albino phenotype of the leopard frog (Rana pipiens) has been attributed to a failure in post-translational control in a single recessive tyrosinase gene which still has some tyrosinase and DOPA oxidase activity. This is in contrast with mammals, some of which have mutations that show no tyrosinase or DOPA oxidase activity in albinos. The albino phenotype of the pond frog (Pelophylax nigromaculatus) has been attributed to one of three mutations that created a dysfunctional tyrosinase. Two of those mutations involve an insertion of a thymine (T), a frameshift mutation, resulting in a truncated isoform of the TYR protein that is defective. The other mutation involves the deletion of a codon, three nucleotides that code for a lysine (Lys).", "topic": "Albinism", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albinism" }, "text": "A mutation resulting in a failure of post-translational control in a single recessive tyrosinase gene can cause albinism." }, { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melanin", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iris_(anatomy)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laboratory_animals", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexican_cave_tetra", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oculocutaneous_albinism", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eumelanin", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pheomelanin" ], "text": "Albinism is the congenital absence of melanin in an animal or plant resulting in white hair, feathers, scales and skin and reddish pink or blue eyes. Individuals with the condition are referred to as albinos. Varied use and interpretation of the terms mean that written reports of albinistic animals can be difficult to verify. Albinism can reduce the survivability of an animal; for example, it has been suggested that albino alligators have an average survival span of only 24 hours due to the lack of protection from UV radiation and their lack of camouflage to avoid predators. It is a common misconception that all albino animals have characteristic pink or red eyes (resulting from the lack of pigment in the iris allowing the blood vessels of the retina to be visible); this is not the case for some forms of albinism. Familiar albino animals include in-bred strains of laboratory animals (rats, mice and rabbits), but populations of naturally occurring albino animals exist in the wild, e.g., Mexican cave tetra. Albinism is a well-recognized phenomenon in molluscs, both in the shell and in the soft parts. It has been claimed by some e.g., that albinism can occur for a number of reasons aside from inheritance, including genetic mutations, diet, living conditions, age, disease, or injury. However, this is contrary to definitions where the condition is inherited. Oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) is a clearly defined set of seven types of genetic mutations which reduce or completely prevent the synthesis of eumelanin or pheomelanin, resulting in reduced pigmentation.", "topic": "Albinism", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albinism" }, "text": "Albino animals lack camouflage to avoid predators, which also affects their survival span." }, { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalahari_Desert", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Succulent_plant", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemsbok_cucumber", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watermelon", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schmidtia", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guild_(ecology)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spotted_hyena", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brown_hyena", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/African_wild_dog", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabi_Sand_Game_Reserve", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kleptoparasitism", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhole" ], "text": "In the southern Kalahari Desert, leopards meet their water requirements by the bodily fluids of prey and succulent plants; they drink water every two to three days and feed infrequently on moisture-rich plants such as gemsbok cucumbers, watermelon and Kalahari sour grass. Enemies and competitors\n\nAcross its range, the leopard coexists with a number of other large predators. In Africa, it is part of a large predator guild with lions, cheetahs, spotted and brown hyenas, and African wild dogs. The leopard is dominant only over the cheetah while the others have the advantage of size, pack numbers or both. Lions pose a great mortal threat and can be responsible for 22% of leopard deaths in Sabi Sand Game Reserve. Spotted hyenas are less threatening but are more likely to steal kills, being the culprits of up to 50% of stolen leopard kills in the same area. To counter this, leopards store their kills in the trees and out of reach. Lions have a high success rate in fetching leopard kills from trees. Leopards do not seem to actively avoid their competitors but rather difference in prey and habitat preferences appear to limit their spatial overlap. In particular, leopards use heavy vegetation regardless of whether lions are present in an area and both cats are active at the same time of day. In Asia, the leopard's main competitors are tigers and dholes. Both the larger tiger and pack-living dhole dominate leopards during encounters.", "topic": "Leopard", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leopard" }, "text": "Dholes, being pack animals, dominate leopards during encounters." } ]

[ "What is Gordonia (plant)?", "What is the typical habitat of Gordonia trees?", "What is unique about Peninsular Malaysia's ecosystem?", "What are some of the native crops grown in plantations in Peninsular Malaysia?", "What is unique about the cultivation and harvesting process of these native crops in Peninsular Malaysia?", "What is the role of fallowing in tropical agriculture?", "What are some benefits of secondary forests?" ]

[ { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genus", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flowering_plant", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theaceae", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franklinia", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camellia", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stewartia", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiwan", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indochina", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loblolly-bay", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_America", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginia", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Florida", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louisiana", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical_rainforest", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evergreen", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bark_(botany)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leaf", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flower", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fruit", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seed" ], "text": "<Infotable>\n{\"Kingdom:\": \"Plantae\", \"Clade:\": \"Asterids\", \"Order:\": \"Ericales\", \"Family:\": \"Theaceae\", \"Genus:\": \"Gordonia J.Ellis\"}\n</Infotable>\nSee text\n\nGordonia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae, related to Franklinia, Camellia and Stewartia. Of the roughly 40 species, all but two are native to southeast Asia in southern China, Taiwan and Indochina. The remaining species, G. lasianthus (Loblolly-bay), is native to southeast North America, from Virginia south to Florida and west to Louisiana; G. fruticosa is native to the tropical rainforests of Central and South America, from Costa Rica to Brazil. They are evergreen trees, growing to 10–20 m tall. The bark is thick and deeply fissured. The leaves are alternately arranged, simple, serrated, thick, leathery, glossy, and 6–18 cm long. The flowers are large and conspicuous, 4–15 cm diameter, with 5 (occasionally 6-8) white petals; flowering is in late winter or early spring. The fruit is a dry five-valved capsule, with 1-4 seeds in each section.", "topic": "Gordonia_(plant)", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gordonia_(plant)" }, "text": "The flowers of Gordonia trees have 5 (occasionally 6-8) white petals." }, { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theaceae", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endemism", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peninsular_Malaysia", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habitat_loss" ], "text": "<Infotable>\n{\"Kingdom:\": \"Plantae\", \"Clade:\": \"Asterids\", \"Order:\": \"Ericales\", \"Family:\": \"Theaceae\", \"Genus:\": \"Gordonia\", \"Species:\": \"G.\\u00a0maingayi\"}\n</Infotable>\nGordonia maingayi is a species of plant in the family Theaceae. It is a tree endemic to Peninsular Malaysia. It is threatened by habitat loss.", "topic": "Gordonia_maingayi", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gordonia_maingayi" }, "text": "Gordonia maingayi is endemic to Peninsular Malaysia." }, { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_organic_matter", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_fertility", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lumad", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penan", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dayaks", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negrito", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yam_(vegetable)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coffee", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chocolate", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banana", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mango", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papaya", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macadamia", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avocado", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sugarcane", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_diversity", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pest_(organism)" ], "text": "For example, the use of shade trees and fallowing all help preserve soil organic matter, which is a critical factor in the maintenance of soil fertility in the deeply weathered and leached soils common in the Amazon. There is a diversity of forest people in Asia, including the Lumad peoples of the Philippines and the Penan and Dayak people of Borneo. The Dayaks are a particularly interesting group as they are noted for their traditional headhunting culture. Fresh human heads were required to perform certain rituals such as the Iban \"kenyalang\" and the Kenyah \"mamat\". Pygmies who live in Southeast Asia are, amongst others, referred to as \"Negrito\". Resources\n\nYam, coffee, chocolate, banana, mango, papaya, macadamia, avocado, and sugarcane all originally came from tropical rainforest and are still mostly grown on plantations in regions that were formerly primary forest. In the mid-1980s and 1990s, 40 million tons of bananas were consumed worldwide each year, along with 13 million tons of mango. Central American coffee exports were worth US$3 billion in 1970. Much of the genetic variation used in evading the damage caused by new pests is still derived from resistant wild stock.", "topic": "Tropical_rainforest", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical_rainforest" }, "text": "Many crops are still grown on plantations that were formerly primary forest." }, { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_organic_matter", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_fertility", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lumad", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penan", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dayaks", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negrito", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yam_(vegetable)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coffee", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chocolate", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banana", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mango", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papaya", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macadamia", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avocado", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sugarcane", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_diversity", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pest_(organism)" ], "text": "For example, the use of shade trees and fallowing all help preserve soil organic matter, which is a critical factor in the maintenance of soil fertility in the deeply weathered and leached soils common in the Amazon. There is a diversity of forest people in Asia, including the Lumad peoples of the Philippines and the Penan and Dayak people of Borneo. The Dayaks are a particularly interesting group as they are noted for their traditional headhunting culture. Fresh human heads were required to perform certain rituals such as the Iban \"kenyalang\" and the Kenyah \"mamat\". Pygmies who live in Southeast Asia are, amongst others, referred to as \"Negrito\". Resources\n\nYam, coffee, chocolate, banana, mango, papaya, macadamia, avocado, and sugarcane all originally came from tropical rainforest and are still mostly grown on plantations in regions that were formerly primary forest. In the mid-1980s and 1990s, 40 million tons of bananas were consumed worldwide each year, along with 13 million tons of mango. Central American coffee exports were worth US$3 billion in 1970. Much of the genetic variation used in evading the damage caused by new pests is still derived from resistant wild stock.", "topic": "Tropical_rainforest", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical_rainforest" }, "text": "Many crops, such as yam, coffee, chocolate, banana, mango, papaya, macadamia, avocado, and sugarcane, are still grown on plantations in regions that were formerly primary forest." }, { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_organic_matter", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_fertility", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lumad", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penan", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dayaks", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negrito", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yam_(vegetable)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coffee", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chocolate", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banana", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mango", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papaya", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macadamia", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avocado", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sugarcane", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_diversity", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pest_(organism)" ], "text": "For example, the use of shade trees and fallowing all help preserve soil organic matter, which is a critical factor in the maintenance of soil fertility in the deeply weathered and leached soils common in the Amazon. There is a diversity of forest people in Asia, including the Lumad peoples of the Philippines and the Penan and Dayak people of Borneo. The Dayaks are a particularly interesting group as they are noted for their traditional headhunting culture. Fresh human heads were required to perform certain rituals such as the Iban \"kenyalang\" and the Kenyah \"mamat\". Pygmies who live in Southeast Asia are, amongst others, referred to as \"Negrito\". Resources\n\nYam, coffee, chocolate, banana, mango, papaya, macadamia, avocado, and sugarcane all originally came from tropical rainforest and are still mostly grown on plantations in regions that were formerly primary forest. In the mid-1980s and 1990s, 40 million tons of bananas were consumed worldwide each year, along with 13 million tons of mango. Central American coffee exports were worth US$3 billion in 1970. Much of the genetic variation used in evading the damage caused by new pests is still derived from resistant wild stock.", "topic": "Tropical_rainforest", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical_rainforest" }, "text": "The process of fallowing helps to preserve soil fertility in the deeply weathered and leached soils common in tropical regions." }, { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_dioxide", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon_rainforest", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_sink", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiative_forcing", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical_rainforest_conservation" ], "text": "Some action has been taken by suggesting fallow periods of the land allowing secondary forest to grow and replenish the soil. Beneficial practices like soil restoration and conservation can benefit the small farmer and allow better production on smaller parcels of land. The tropics take a major role in reducing atmospheric carbon dioxide. The tropics (most notably the Amazon rainforest) are called carbon sinks. [citation needed] As major carbon reducers and carbon and soil methane storages, their destruction contributes to increasing global energy trapping, atmospheric gases. [citation needed] Climate change has been significantly contributed to by the destruction of the rainforests. A simulation was performed in which all rainforest in Africa were removed. The simulation showed an increase in atmospheric temperature by 2.5 to 5 degrees Celsius. Some species of fauna show a trend towards declining populations in rainforests, for example, reptiles that feed on amphibians and reptiles. This trend requires close monitoring. The seasonality of rainforests affects the reproductive patterns of amphibians, and this in turn can directly affect the species of reptiles that feed on these groups, particularly species with specialized feeding, since these are less likely to use alternative resources. Protection\n\nEfforts to protect and conserve tropical rainforest habitats are diverse and widespread. Tropical rainforest conservation ranges from strict preservation of habitat to finding sustainable management techniques for people living in tropical rainforests.", "topic": "Tropical_rainforest", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical_rainforest" }, "text": "Secondary forests can replenish the soil during fallow periods." }, { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turnover_time", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecological_succession" ], "text": "Most of the nutrients within the soil of a tropical rainforest occur near the surface because of the rapid turnover time and decomposition of organisms and leaves. Because of this, the buttress roots occur at the surface so the trees can maximize uptake and actively compete with the rapid uptake of other trees. These roots also aid in water uptake and storage, increase surface area for gas exchange, and collect leaf litter for added nutrition. Additionally, these roots reduce soil erosion and maximize nutrient acquisition during heavy rains by diverting nutrient rich water flowing down the trunk into several smaller flows while also acting as a barrier to ground flow. Also, the large surface areas these roots create provide support and stability to rainforests trees, which commonly grow to significant heights. This added stability allows these trees to withstand the impacts of severe storms, thus reducing the occurrence of fallen trees. Forest succession\n\nSuccession is an ecological process that changes the biotic community structure over time towards a more stable, diverse community structure after an initial disturbance to the community. The initial disturbance is often a natural phenomenon or human caused event. Natural disturbances include hurricanes, volcanic eruptions, river movements or an event as small as a fallen tree that creates gaps in the forest. In tropical rainforests, these same natural disturbances have been well documented in the fossil record, and are credited with encouraging speciation and endemism. Human land use practices have led to large-scale deforestation. In many tropical countries such as Costa Rica these deforested lands have been abandoned and forests have been allowed to regenerate through ecological succession. These regenerating young successional forests are called secondary forests or second-growth forests.", "topic": "Tropical_rainforest", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical_rainforest" }, "text": "Secondary forests can provide benefits such as soil rejuvenation and enhancing biodiversity." } ]

[ "What is Gordonia (plant)?" ]

[ { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gordonia_ceylanica", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gordonia_curtyana", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gordonia_fruticosa", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gordonia_hirtella", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gordonia_lasianthus", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gordonia_maingayi", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gordonia_multinervis", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gordonia_penangensis", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gordonia_scortechinii", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gordonia_singaporeana", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gordonia_speciosa", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gordonia_taipingensis", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gordonia_villosa", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gordonia_wallichii", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Asia", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyspora", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyspora_axillaris" ], "text": "Species\n\nThere are about 40 species, including:\n\nGordonia anomala\nGordonia balansae\nGordonia ceylanica\nGordonia curtyana\nGordonia fruticosa\nGordonia hirta\nGordonia hirtella\nGordonia javanica\nGordonia lasianthus\nGordonia maingayi\nGordonia multinervis\nGordonia penangensis\nGordonia scortechinii\nGordonia shimidae\nGordonia sinensis\nGordonia singaporeana\nGordonia speciosa\nGordonia tagawae\nGordonia taipingensis\nGordonia villosa\nGordonia wallichii\nGordonia yunnanensis\n\nGordonia species from East Asia were transferred to Polyspora, including:\n\nPolyspora acuminata\nPolyspora axillaris\nPolyspora chrysandra\nPolyspora hainanensis\nPolyspora kwangsiensis\nPolyspora longicarpa\nPolyspora tiantangensis\nPolyspora tonkinensis\n\nCultivation and uses\n\nSeveral species of Gordonia are grown as ornamental plants for their flowers produced in winter when few other trees are in flower. They are however difficult to grow compared to the similar but generally smaller-growing camellias.", "topic": "Gordonia_(plant)", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gordonia_(plant)" }, "text": "Gordonia species are often grown as ornamental plants for their flowers." } ]

[ "What is Gordonia (plant)?", "What are acidic soils?" ]

[ { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chalk", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rain", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drought", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schima", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deciduous" ], "text": "The species are adapted to acidic soils, and do not grow well on chalk or other calcium-rich soils. They also have a high rainfall requirement and will not tolerate drought. Some botanists include Franklinia within Gordonia, even though recent phylogenetic studies show that Franklinia's closest living relationship is with the Asian genera Schima and not Gordonia; it differs in being deciduous and flowering in late summer, not late winter. The draft Flora of China account of Theaceae in China splits Gordonia into two genera, with G. lasianthus retained in Gordonia, and the Asian species transferred to Polyspora; this treatment is not yet widely accepted. Gordonia chrysandra may have anti-inflammatory medicinal properties.", "topic": "Gordonia_(plant)", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gordonia_(plant)" }, "text": "Gordonia (plant) is a species adapted to acidic soils." }, { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral_weathering", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leaching_(pedology)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrogenous_fertilizer", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid_precipitation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deforestation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree_canopies", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contamination", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waste", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_biota", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enzyme", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toxicity", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioremediation" ], "text": "Soils are initially acid and remain such when their parent materials are low in basic cations (calcium, magnesium, potassium and sodium). On parent materials richer in weatherable minerals acidification occurs when basic cations are leached from the soil profile by rainfall or exported by the harvesting of forest or agricultural crops. Soil acidification is accelerated by the use of acid-forming nitrogenous fertilizers and by the effects of acid precipitation. Deforestation is another cause of soil acidification, mediated by increased leaching of soil nutrients in the absence of tree canopies. Contamination\n\nSoil contamination at low levels is often within a soil's capacity to treat and assimilate waste material. Soil biota can treat waste by transforming it, mainly through microbial enzymatic activity. Soil organic matter and soil minerals can adsorb the waste material and decrease its toxicity, although when in colloidal form they may transport the adsorbed contaminants to subsurface environments. Many waste treatment processes rely on this natural bioremediation capacity. Exceeding treatment capacity can damage soil biota and limit soil function. Derelict soils occur where industrial contamination or other development activity damages the soil to such a degree that the land cannot be used safely or productively.", "topic": "Soil", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil" }, "text": "Soils are initially acidic when their parent materials are low in calcium, magnesium, potassium, and sodium." } ]

[ "What is Gordonia (plant)?", "What are acidic soils?" ]

[ { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chalk", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rain", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drought", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schima", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deciduous" ], "text": "The species are adapted to acidic soils, and do not grow well on chalk or other calcium-rich soils. They also have a high rainfall requirement and will not tolerate drought. Some botanists include Franklinia within Gordonia, even though recent phylogenetic studies show that Franklinia's closest living relationship is with the Asian genera Schima and not Gordonia; it differs in being deciduous and flowering in late summer, not late winter. The draft Flora of China account of Theaceae in China splits Gordonia into two genera, with G. lasianthus retained in Gordonia, and the Asian species transferred to Polyspora; this treatment is not yet widely accepted. Gordonia chrysandra may have anti-inflammatory medicinal properties.", "topic": "Gordonia_(plant)", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gordonia_(plant)" }, "text": "Gordonia (plant) is a species adapted to acidic soils." }, { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aluminium", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manganese", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pre-adapted", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid_rain", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical_rainforests" ], "text": "Soils with high acidity tend to have toxic amounts of aluminium and manganese. As a result of a trade-off between toxicity and requirement most nutrients are better available to plants at moderate pH, although most minerals are more soluble in acid soils. Soil organisms are hindered by high acidity, and most agricultural crops do best with mineral soils of pH 6.5 and organic soils of pH 5.5. Given that at low pH toxic metals (e.g. cadmium, zinc, lead) are positively charged as cations and organic pollutants are in non-ionic form, thus both made more available to organisms, it has been suggested that plants, animals and microbes commonly living in acid soils are pre-adapted to every kind of pollution, whether of natural or human origin. In high rainfall areas, soils tend to acidify as the basic cations are forced off the soil colloids by the mass action of hydronium ions from usual or unusual rain acidity against those attached to the colloids. High rainfall rates can then wash the nutrients out, leaving the soil inhabited only by those organisms which are particularly efficient to uptake nutrients in very acid conditions, like in tropical rainforests. Once the colloids are saturated with H3O+, the addition of any more hydronium ions or aluminum hydroxyl cations drives the pH even lower (more acidic) as the soil has been left with no buffering capacity. In areas of extreme rainfall and high temperatures, the clay and humus may be washed out, further reducing the buffering capacity of the soil. In low rainfall areas, unleached calcium pushes pH to 8.5 and with the addition of exchangeable sodium, soils may reach pH 10. Beyond a pH of 9, plant growth is reduced.", "topic": "Soil", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil" }, "text": "Acid soils tend to have positively charged toxic metals that are more available to organisms." } ]

[ "What is Kansas City Chiefs?", "What is Super Bowl LVIII?" ]

[ { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023_NFL_season", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2022_Kansas_City_Chiefs_season", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrick_Mahomes", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023%E2%80%9324_NFL_playoffs", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023_Miami_Dolphins_season", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023_Buffalo_Bills_season", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AFC_Championship_Game", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023_Baltimore_Ravens_season", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl_LIV", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023_San_Francisco_49ers_season", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl_LVIII", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Super_Bowl_champions", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl_XXXIX" ], "text": "Entering the 2023 season as defending champions, the Chiefs failed to improve on their 14–3 record from the previous season, despite this they secured their eleventh consecutive winning season and became division champions for the eighth consecutive season. Their overall record was 11–6, their least successful record under quarterback Patrick Mahomes. In the playoffs, the Chiefs defeated the Miami Dolphins 26–7 in the wildcard round in frigid weather. In the divisional round, the team held on to a narrow 27–24 win over the Buffalo Bills on the road. This was the Chiefs third playoff win in four years over the Bills. They made their sixth consecutive AFC Championship Game appearance, but their first on the road, defeating the Baltimore Ravens 17–10 to advance to their fourth Super Bowl in five years. In a rematch of Super Bowl LIV, the Chiefs overtime defeat of the San Francisco 49ers 25–22 in Super Bowl LVIII moved the franchise to four Super Bowl titles, becoming the seventh franchise to accomplish that number. This was only the second overtime game in Super Bowl history. This marked the first back-to-back Super Bowl wins since Super Bowl XXXIX, making it three Super Bowl wins in five years and cementing them as a dynasty.", "topic": "Kansas_City_Chiefs", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kansas_City_Chiefs" }, "text": "The Chiefs have won four Super Bowl titles, with their fourth in Super Bowl LVIII." }, { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl_LVII", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl_LIX", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_football", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Football_League", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023_NFL_season" ], "text": "<Infotable>\n{\"San Francisco 49ers (1) (NFC) (12\\u20135)\": \"Kansas City Chiefs (3) (AFC) (11\\u20136)\", \"22\": \"25\", \"Head coach: Kyle Shanahan\": \"Head coach: Andy Reid\", \"NaN\": \"1\", \"SF\": \"0\", \"KC\": \"0\", \"Date\": \"February\\u00a011,\\u00a02024\\u00a0(2024-02-11)\", \"Kickoff time\": \"3:40 p.m. PST (UTC-8)\", \"Stadium\": \"Allegiant Stadium, Paradise, Nevada[a]\", \"MVP\": \"Patrick Mahomes, quarterback\", \"Favorite\": \"49ers by 1.5[1]\", \"Referee\": \"Bill Vinovich\", \"Attendance\": \"61629\", \"National anthem\": \"Reba McEntire\", \"Coin toss\": \"Lahainaluna Lunas football head coach Bobby Watson\", \"Halftime show\": \"Usher, featuring Alicia Keys, Jermaine Dupri, H.E.R., will.i.am, Lil Jon, and Ludacris[2]\", \"Network\": \"Westwood One\", \"Announcers\": \"Kevin Harlan (play-by-play) Kurt Warner (analyst) Laura Okmin and Mike Golic (sideline reporters) Dean Blandino (rules analyst)\", \"Nielsen ratings\": \"43.5 (national) U.S. TV viewership: 123.7 million[4]\", \"Cost of 30-second commercial\": \"$7 million[5]\"}\n</Infotable>\n← LVIISuper BowlLIX →\n\nSuper Bowl LVIII was an American football game played to determine the champion of the National Football League (NFL) for the 2023 season.", "topic": "Super_Bowl_LVIII", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl_LVIII" }, "text": "Super Bowl LVIII was played at Allegiant Stadium, Paradise, Nevada." } ]

[ "What is Kansas City Chiefs?", "What does NFL stand for?", "What teams compete in the National Football League?", "What is the Green Bay Packers?", "How many titles does the Kansas City Chiefs have in the National Football League playoffs?", "What is the Super Bowl?", "What teams compete in the American Football Conference (AFC) Championship Game?" ]

[ { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matt_Ryan_(American_football)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miami_Dolphins", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleveland_Browns", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buffalo_Bills", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampa_Bay_Buccaneers", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl_LV", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raymond_James_Stadium", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampa,_Florida", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_Kansas_City_Chiefs_season", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_Pittsburgh_Steelers_season", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_Buffalo_Bills_season", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_AFC_Divisional_playoff_game_(Buffalo%E2%80%93Kansas_City)" ], "text": "The contract is the largest ever signed in North American sports, more than tripling the value of the previous largest contract signed (although said contract was for a shorter 5 years, signed by Matt Ryan of the Atlanta Falcons). With their week 14 victory over the Miami Dolphins, the Chiefs clinched their fifth consecutive division title. The victory also gave the Chiefs their first 12–1 record in franchise history. They would later win 14 games for the first time in franchise history. In the playoffs they defeated the Cleveland Browns and Buffalo Bills to win the AFC Championship for the second consecutive year. The Chiefs would face the Tampa Bay Buccaneers in Super Bowl LV at Raymond James Stadium in Tampa, ultimately losing 9–31, failing to score a touchdown in the game. In their 2021 season, the Chiefs beat the Pittsburgh Steelers 36–10, earning the team's sixth straight AFC West title on December 26, 2021. The Chiefs began their playoff slate with a win against the Pittsburgh Steelers in the Wild Card round, and advanced to play the Buffalo Bills in the divisional round. Their 42–36 victory over Buffalo came in a game sports commentators and analysts dubbed as one of the greatest modern day NFL playoff games.", "topic": "Kansas_City_Chiefs", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kansas_City_Chiefs" }, "text": "The Kansas City Chiefs is a team in the NFL." }, { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trade_association" ], "text": "<Wikitable>\nSymbol | Meaning\n* | Franchise has relocated at some point in its existence\n† | Club was a founding member of the NFL\n\n</Wikitable>\n<Wikitable>\nConference | Division[54] | Team[54] | City | Stadium[55] | Capacity | First season[56] | Head coach\nAFC | East | Buffalo Bills | Orchard Park, NY | Highmark Stadium | 71608 | 1960 (AFL) 1970 (NFL) | Sean McDermott\nAFC | East | Miami Dolphins | Miami Gardens, FL | Hard Rock Stadium | 64767 | 1966 (AFL) 1970 (NFL) | Mike McDaniel\nAFC | East | New England Patriots | Foxborough, MA | Gillette Stadium | 65878 | 1960 (AFL) 1970 (NFL) | Jerod Mayo\nAFC | East | New York Jets | East Rutherford, NJ | MetLife Stadium[B] | 82500 | 1960 (AFL) 1970 (NFL) | Jeff Ulbrich\nAFC | North | Baltimore Ravens | Baltimore, MD | M&T Bank Stadium | 71008 | 1996[C] | John Harbaugh\nAFC | North | Cincinnati Bengals | Cincinnati, OH | Paycor Stadium | 65515 | 1968 (AFL) 1970 (NFL) | Zac Taylor\nAFC | North | Cleveland Browns | Cleveland, OH | Huntington Bank Field | 67895 | 1946 (AAFC) 1950 (NFL)[C] | Kevin Stefanski\nAFC | North | Pittsburgh Steelers | Pittsburgh, PA | Acrisure Stadium | 68400 | 1933 | Mike Tomlin\nAFC | South | Houston Texans | Houston, TX | NRG Stadium | 71995 | 2002 | DeMeco Ryans\nAFC | South | Indianapolis Colts* | Indianapolis, IN | Lucas Oil Stadium | 63000 | 1953 | Shane Steichen\nAFC | South | Jacksonville Jaguars | Jacksonville, FL | EverBank Stadium[D] | 67814 | 1995 | Doug Pederson\nAFC | South | Tennessee Titans* | Nashville, TN | Nissan Stadium | 69143 | 1960 (AFL) 1970 (NFL) | Brian Callahan\nAFC | West | Denver Broncos | Denver, CO | Empower Field at Mile High | 76125 | 1960 (AFL) 1970 (NFL) | Sean Payton\nAFC | West | Kansas City Chiefs* | Kansas City, MO | GEHA Field at Arrowhead Stadium | 76416 | 1960 (AFL) 1970 (NFL) | Andy Reid\nAFC | West | Las Vegas Raiders* | Paradise, NV | Allegiant Stadium | 65000 | 1960 (AFL) 1970 (NFL) | Antonio Pierce\nAFC | West | Los Angeles Chargers* | Inglewood, CA | SoFi Stadium[E] | 70240 | 1960 (AFL) 1970 (NFL) | Jim Harbaugh\nNFC | East | Dallas Cowboys | Arlington, TX | AT&T Stadium | 80000 | 1960 | Mike McCarthy\nNFC | East | New York Giants | East Rutherford, NJ | MetLife Stadium[B] | 82500 | 1925 | Brian Daboll\nNFC | East | Philadelphia Eagles | Philadelphia, PA | Lincoln Financial Field | 69176 | 1933 | Nick Sirianni\nNFC | East | Washington Commanders* | Landover, MD | Northwest Stadium | 62000 | 1932 | Dan Quinn\nNFC | North | Chicago Bears† | Chicago, IL | Soldier Field | 61500 | 1920 | Matt Eberflus\nNFC | North | Detroit Lions* | Detroit, MI | Ford Field | 65000 | 1930 | Dan Campbell\nNFC | North | Green Bay Packers | Green Bay, WI | Lambeau Field | 81441 | 1921 | Matt LaFleur\nNFC | North | Minnesota Vikings | Minneapolis, MN | U.S. Bank Stadium | 66860 | 1961 | Kevin O'Connell\nNFC | South | Atlanta Falcons | Atlanta, GA | Mercedes-Benz Stadium | 71000 | 1966 | Raheem Morris\nNFC | South | Carolina Panthers | Charlotte, NC | Bank of America Stadium | 75523 | 1995 | Dave Canales\nNFC | South | New Orleans Saints | New Orleans, LA | Caesars Superdome | 73208 | 1967 | Dennis Allen\nNFC | South | Tampa Bay Buccaneers | Tampa, FL | Raymond James Stadium | 65618 | 1976 | Todd Bowles\nNFC | West | Arizona Cardinals*† | Glendale, AZ | State Farm Stadium | 63400 | 1920 | Jonathan Gannon\nNFC | West | Los Angeles Rams* | Inglewood, CA | SoFi Stadium[E] | 70240 | 1936 (AFL) 1937 (NFL) | Sean McVay\nNFC | West | San Francisco 49ers | Santa Clara, CA | Levi's Stadium | 68500 | 1946 (AAFC) 1950 (NFL) | Kyle Shanahan\nNFC | West | Seattle Seahawks | Seattle, WA | Lumen Field | 69000 | 1976 | Mike Macdonald\n\n</Wikitable>\nOrganizational structure\n\nAt the corporate level, the National Football League considers itself a trade association made up of and financed by its 32 member teams.", "topic": "National_Football_League", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Football_League" }, "text": "The NFL is the National Football League." }, { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Professional_gridiron_football", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_football", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sports_league", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Football_Conference", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Football_Conference", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Major_professional_sports_leagues_in_the_United_States_and_Canada", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Professional_gridiron_football", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NFL_preseason", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NFL_regular_season", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bye_(sports)" ], "text": "<Infotable>\n{\"Formerly\": \"American Professional Football Conference (1920) American Professional Football Association (1920\\u20131921)\", \"Sport\": \"American football\", \"Founded\": \"September\\u00a017, 1920 (104 years ago)\\u00a0(1920-09-17) Canton, Ohio, U.S.[1][2]\", \"First season\": \"1920\", \"Commissioner\": \"Roger Goodell\", \"No. of teams\": \"32\", \"Country\": \"United States[A]\", \"Headquarters\": \"345 Park Avenue (New York City)[3]\", \"Most recent champion(s)\": \"Kansas City Chiefs (4th title)\", \"Most titles\": \"Green Bay Packers (13 titles)\", \"TV partner(s)\": \"United States:[4] CBS Fox NBC ESPN (ABC, ESPN2) NFL Network Telemundo Deportes ESPN Deportes International: See list\", \"Streaming partner(s)\": \"United States: Paramount+ Peacock ESPN+ Amazon Netflix International: DAZN\", \"Official website\": \"NFL.com\"}\n</Infotable>\nThe National Football League (NFL) is a professional American football league that consists of 32 teams, divided equally between the American Football Conference (AFC) and the National Football Conference (NFC). The NFL is one of the major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada and the highest professional level of American football in the world. Each NFL season begins annually with a three-week preseason in August, followed by the 18-week regular season, which runs from early September to early January, with each team playing 17 games and having one bye week.", "topic": "National_Football_League", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Football_League" }, "text": "Some of the teams that compete in the National Football League (NFL) are the Kansas City Chiefs and the Green Bay Packers." }, { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NFL_on_CBS", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NFL_on_Fox", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NBC_Sunday_Night_Football", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NFL_on_ABC", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monday_Night_Football", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manningcast", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NBC_Sunday_Night_Football", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monday_Night_Football", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fox_Deportes", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_current_National_Football_League_broadcasters#International_broadcasters", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paramount%2B", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peacock_(streaming_service)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ESPN%2B", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NFL_on_Prime_Video", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DAZN", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single-elimination_tournament", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Football_League" ], "text": "<Infotable>\n{\"Sport\": \"American football\", \"Founded\": \"1933\", \"No. of teams\": \"14\", \"Most recent champion(s)\": \"Kansas City Chiefs (4th title)\", \"Most titles\": \"Green Bay Packers (13 titles)[A]\", \"TV partner(s)\": \"- United States: - CBS - Fox - NBC - ABC/ESPN/ESPN2 - U.S. Spanish audio broadcasts: - Telemundo/Universo - ESPN Deportes - Fox Deportes - International: - See list\", \"Streaming partner(s)\": \"- United States: - Paramount+ - Peacock - ESPN+ - Amazon - International: - DAZN\"}\n</Infotable>\nUnited States:CBSFoxNBCABC/ESPN/ESPN2U.S. Spanish audio broadcasts:Telemundo/UniversoESPN DeportesFox DeportesInternational:See list\n\nUnited States:Paramount+PeacockESPN+AmazonInternational:DAZN\n\nThe National Football League (NFL) playoffs is the annual single-elimination tournament held to determine the league champion. The four-round tournament is held after the league's regular season.", "topic": "National_Football_League_playoffs", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Football_League_playoffs" }, "text": "The Green Bay Packers has 13 titles in the National Football League playoffs." }, { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kansas_City_Chiefs", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl_LIV", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl_LVII", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl_LVIII", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl_LV", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_AFC_Championship_Game", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_Cincinnati_Bengals_season", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2018_AFC_Championship_Game", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2018_New_England_Patriots_season", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buffalo_Bills", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl_XXV", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl_XXVI", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl_XXVII", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl_XXVIII" ], "text": "The Kansas City Chiefs made four Super Bowls in five years, winning LIV, LVII, and LVIII, while losing LV. In the intervening year, they lost the 2021 AFC Championship Game to the Cincinnati Bengals in overtime, coming one win short of five consecutive appearances. Additionally, in the year prior to their victory in LIV, the Chiefs lost the 2018 AFC Championship Game to the New England Patriots in overtime, resulting in being two wins short of six consecutive appearances. Consecutive losses\n\nThree franchises have lost consecutive Super Bowls:\n\nBuffalo Bills (4) (Super Bowls XXV, XXVI, XXVII, and XXVIII) – The only team to appear in four straight Super Bowls; they lost in all four appearances.", "topic": "List_of_Super_Bowl_champions", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Super_Bowl_champions" }, "text": "The Kansas City Chiefs won Super Bowls LIV, LVII, and LVIII." }, { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_football", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Football_League", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Football_League_regular_season", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Football_League_playoffs", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vince_Lombardi_Trophy", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stadium#Types", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AFC_Championship_Game", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NFC_Championship_Game", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AFL%E2%80%93NFL_merger", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Football_League", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_National_Football_League", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AFL%E2%80%93NFL_World_Championship_Game" ], "text": "The Super Bowl is the annual American football game that determines the champion of the National Football League (NFL). The game culminates a season that begins in the previous calendar year, and is the conclusion of the NFL playoffs. The winner receives the Vince Lombardi Trophy. The contest is held in an American city, chosen three to four years beforehand, usually at warm-weather sites or domed stadiums. Since January 1971, the winner of the American Football Conference (AFC) Championship Game has faced the winner of the National Football Conference (NFC) Championship Game in the culmination of the NFL playoffs. Before the 1970 merger between the American Football League (AFL) and the National Football League (NFL), the two leagues met in four such contests. The first two were marketed as the \"AFL–NFL World Championship Game\", but were also casually referred to as \"the Super Bowl game\" during the television broadcast.", "topic": "List_of_Super_Bowl_champions", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Super_Bowl_champions" }, "text": "The Super Bowl is contested by the winners of the American Football Conference (AFC) Championship Game and the National Football Conference (NFC) Championship Game." }, { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Football_Conference", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NFL_playoffs", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Football_League", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_football", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_AFC_champions", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NFC_Championship_Game", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AFL%E2%80%93NFL_merger", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Football_League", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athletic_conference", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kansas_City_Chiefs", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lamar_Hunt", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AFL%E2%80%93NFL_merger", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AFL_Championship" ], "text": "<Infotable>\n{\"First played\": \"January 3, 1971 (1970 season)\", \"Trophy\": \"Lamar Hunt Trophy\"}\n</Infotable>\nThe AFC Championship Game is the annual championship game of the American Football Conference (AFC) and one of the two semifinal playoff games of the National Football League (NFL), the largest professional American football league in the world. The game is played on the last Sunday in January by the two remaining playoff teams, following the AFC postseason's first two rounds. The AFC champion then advances to face the winner of the NFC Championship Game in the Super Bowl. The game was established as part of the 1970 merger between the NFL and the American Football League (AFL), with the merged league realigning into two conferences. Since 1984, each winner of the AFC Championship Game has also received the Lamar Hunt Trophy, named after the founder of the AFL and founder and longtime owner of the Kansas City Chiefs, Lamar Hunt. History\n\nThe first AFC Championship Game was played following the 1970 regular season after the merger between the NFL and the AFL. The game is considered the successor to the former AFL Championship, and its game results are listed with that of its predecessor in the annual NFL Record and Fact Book.", "topic": "AFC_Championship_Game", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AFC_Championship_Game" }, "text": "The AFC Championship Game is played by the two remaining playoff teams." } ]

[ "What is Kansas City Chiefs?", "What does NFL stand for?", "What teams compete in the National Football League?", "What is the Green Bay Packers?", "How many titles does the Kansas City Chiefs have in the National Football League playoffs?", "What is the Super Bowl?", "How does the viewership of the Super Bowl compare to other major sporting events?" ]

[ { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matt_Ryan_(American_football)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miami_Dolphins", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleveland_Browns", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buffalo_Bills", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampa_Bay_Buccaneers", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl_LV", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raymond_James_Stadium", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampa,_Florida", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_Kansas_City_Chiefs_season", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_Pittsburgh_Steelers_season", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_Buffalo_Bills_season", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_AFC_Divisional_playoff_game_(Buffalo%E2%80%93Kansas_City)" ], "text": "The contract is the largest ever signed in North American sports, more than tripling the value of the previous largest contract signed (although said contract was for a shorter 5 years, signed by Matt Ryan of the Atlanta Falcons). With their week 14 victory over the Miami Dolphins, the Chiefs clinched their fifth consecutive division title. The victory also gave the Chiefs their first 12–1 record in franchise history. They would later win 14 games for the first time in franchise history. In the playoffs they defeated the Cleveland Browns and Buffalo Bills to win the AFC Championship for the second consecutive year. The Chiefs would face the Tampa Bay Buccaneers in Super Bowl LV at Raymond James Stadium in Tampa, ultimately losing 9–31, failing to score a touchdown in the game. In their 2021 season, the Chiefs beat the Pittsburgh Steelers 36–10, earning the team's sixth straight AFC West title on December 26, 2021. The Chiefs began their playoff slate with a win against the Pittsburgh Steelers in the Wild Card round, and advanced to play the Buffalo Bills in the divisional round. Their 42–36 victory over Buffalo came in a game sports commentators and analysts dubbed as one of the greatest modern day NFL playoff games.", "topic": "Kansas_City_Chiefs", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kansas_City_Chiefs" }, "text": "The Kansas City Chiefs is a team in the NFL." }, { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trade_association" ], "text": "<Wikitable>\nSymbol | Meaning\n* | Franchise has relocated at some point in its existence\n† | Club was a founding member of the NFL\n\n</Wikitable>\n<Wikitable>\nConference | Division[54] | Team[54] | City | Stadium[55] | Capacity | First season[56] | Head coach\nAFC | East | Buffalo Bills | Orchard Park, NY | Highmark Stadium | 71608 | 1960 (AFL) 1970 (NFL) | Sean McDermott\nAFC | East | Miami Dolphins | Miami Gardens, FL | Hard Rock Stadium | 64767 | 1966 (AFL) 1970 (NFL) | Mike McDaniel\nAFC | East | New England Patriots | Foxborough, MA | Gillette Stadium | 65878 | 1960 (AFL) 1970 (NFL) | Jerod Mayo\nAFC | East | New York Jets | East Rutherford, NJ | MetLife Stadium[B] | 82500 | 1960 (AFL) 1970 (NFL) | Jeff Ulbrich\nAFC | North | Baltimore Ravens | Baltimore, MD | M&T Bank Stadium | 71008 | 1996[C] | John Harbaugh\nAFC | North | Cincinnati Bengals | Cincinnati, OH | Paycor Stadium | 65515 | 1968 (AFL) 1970 (NFL) | Zac Taylor\nAFC | North | Cleveland Browns | Cleveland, OH | Huntington Bank Field | 67895 | 1946 (AAFC) 1950 (NFL)[C] | Kevin Stefanski\nAFC | North | Pittsburgh Steelers | Pittsburgh, PA | Acrisure Stadium | 68400 | 1933 | Mike Tomlin\nAFC | South | Houston Texans | Houston, TX | NRG Stadium | 71995 | 2002 | DeMeco Ryans\nAFC | South | Indianapolis Colts* | Indianapolis, IN | Lucas Oil Stadium | 63000 | 1953 | Shane Steichen\nAFC | South | Jacksonville Jaguars | Jacksonville, FL | EverBank Stadium[D] | 67814 | 1995 | Doug Pederson\nAFC | South | Tennessee Titans* | Nashville, TN | Nissan Stadium | 69143 | 1960 (AFL) 1970 (NFL) | Brian Callahan\nAFC | West | Denver Broncos | Denver, CO | Empower Field at Mile High | 76125 | 1960 (AFL) 1970 (NFL) | Sean Payton\nAFC | West | Kansas City Chiefs* | Kansas City, MO | GEHA Field at Arrowhead Stadium | 76416 | 1960 (AFL) 1970 (NFL) | Andy Reid\nAFC | West | Las Vegas Raiders* | Paradise, NV | Allegiant Stadium | 65000 | 1960 (AFL) 1970 (NFL) | Antonio Pierce\nAFC | West | Los Angeles Chargers* | Inglewood, CA | SoFi Stadium[E] | 70240 | 1960 (AFL) 1970 (NFL) | Jim Harbaugh\nNFC | East | Dallas Cowboys | Arlington, TX | AT&T Stadium | 80000 | 1960 | Mike McCarthy\nNFC | East | New York Giants | East Rutherford, NJ | MetLife Stadium[B] | 82500 | 1925 | Brian Daboll\nNFC | East | Philadelphia Eagles | Philadelphia, PA | Lincoln Financial Field | 69176 | 1933 | Nick Sirianni\nNFC | East | Washington Commanders* | Landover, MD | Northwest Stadium | 62000 | 1932 | Dan Quinn\nNFC | North | Chicago Bears† | Chicago, IL | Soldier Field | 61500 | 1920 | Matt Eberflus\nNFC | North | Detroit Lions* | Detroit, MI | Ford Field | 65000 | 1930 | Dan Campbell\nNFC | North | Green Bay Packers | Green Bay, WI | Lambeau Field | 81441 | 1921 | Matt LaFleur\nNFC | North | Minnesota Vikings | Minneapolis, MN | U.S. Bank Stadium | 66860 | 1961 | Kevin O'Connell\nNFC | South | Atlanta Falcons | Atlanta, GA | Mercedes-Benz Stadium | 71000 | 1966 | Raheem Morris\nNFC | South | Carolina Panthers | Charlotte, NC | Bank of America Stadium | 75523 | 1995 | Dave Canales\nNFC | South | New Orleans Saints | New Orleans, LA | Caesars Superdome | 73208 | 1967 | Dennis Allen\nNFC | South | Tampa Bay Buccaneers | Tampa, FL | Raymond James Stadium | 65618 | 1976 | Todd Bowles\nNFC | West | Arizona Cardinals*† | Glendale, AZ | State Farm Stadium | 63400 | 1920 | Jonathan Gannon\nNFC | West | Los Angeles Rams* | Inglewood, CA | SoFi Stadium[E] | 70240 | 1936 (AFL) 1937 (NFL) | Sean McVay\nNFC | West | San Francisco 49ers | Santa Clara, CA | Levi's Stadium | 68500 | 1946 (AAFC) 1950 (NFL) | Kyle Shanahan\nNFC | West | Seattle Seahawks | Seattle, WA | Lumen Field | 69000 | 1976 | Mike Macdonald\n\n</Wikitable>\nOrganizational structure\n\nAt the corporate level, the National Football League considers itself a trade association made up of and financed by its 32 member teams.", "topic": "National_Football_League", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Football_League" }, "text": "The NFL is the National Football League." }, { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Professional_gridiron_football", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_football", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sports_league", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Football_Conference", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Football_Conference", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Major_professional_sports_leagues_in_the_United_States_and_Canada", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Professional_gridiron_football", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NFL_preseason", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NFL_regular_season", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bye_(sports)" ], "text": "<Infotable>\n{\"Formerly\": \"American Professional Football Conference (1920) American Professional Football Association (1920\\u20131921)\", \"Sport\": \"American football\", \"Founded\": \"September\\u00a017, 1920 (104 years ago)\\u00a0(1920-09-17) Canton, Ohio, U.S.[1][2]\", \"First season\": \"1920\", \"Commissioner\": \"Roger Goodell\", \"No. of teams\": \"32\", \"Country\": \"United States[A]\", \"Headquarters\": \"345 Park Avenue (New York City)[3]\", \"Most recent champion(s)\": \"Kansas City Chiefs (4th title)\", \"Most titles\": \"Green Bay Packers (13 titles)\", \"TV partner(s)\": \"United States:[4] CBS Fox NBC ESPN (ABC, ESPN2) NFL Network Telemundo Deportes ESPN Deportes International: See list\", \"Streaming partner(s)\": \"United States: Paramount+ Peacock ESPN+ Amazon Netflix International: DAZN\", \"Official website\": \"NFL.com\"}\n</Infotable>\nThe National Football League (NFL) is a professional American football league that consists of 32 teams, divided equally between the American Football Conference (AFC) and the National Football Conference (NFC). The NFL is one of the major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada and the highest professional level of American football in the world. Each NFL season begins annually with a three-week preseason in August, followed by the 18-week regular season, which runs from early September to early January, with each team playing 17 games and having one bye week.", "topic": "National_Football_League", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Football_League" }, "text": "Some of the teams that compete in the National Football League (NFL) are the Kansas City Chiefs and the Green Bay Packers." }, { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NFL_on_CBS", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NFL_on_Fox", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NBC_Sunday_Night_Football", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NFL_on_ABC", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monday_Night_Football", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manningcast", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NBC_Sunday_Night_Football", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monday_Night_Football", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fox_Deportes", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_current_National_Football_League_broadcasters#International_broadcasters", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paramount%2B", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peacock_(streaming_service)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ESPN%2B", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NFL_on_Prime_Video", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DAZN", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single-elimination_tournament", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Football_League" ], "text": "<Infotable>\n{\"Sport\": \"American football\", \"Founded\": \"1933\", \"No. of teams\": \"14\", \"Most recent champion(s)\": \"Kansas City Chiefs (4th title)\", \"Most titles\": \"Green Bay Packers (13 titles)[A]\", \"TV partner(s)\": \"- United States: - CBS - Fox - NBC - ABC/ESPN/ESPN2 - U.S. Spanish audio broadcasts: - Telemundo/Universo - ESPN Deportes - Fox Deportes - International: - See list\", \"Streaming partner(s)\": \"- United States: - Paramount+ - Peacock - ESPN+ - Amazon - International: - DAZN\"}\n</Infotable>\nUnited States:CBSFoxNBCABC/ESPN/ESPN2U.S. Spanish audio broadcasts:Telemundo/UniversoESPN DeportesFox DeportesInternational:See list\n\nUnited States:Paramount+PeacockESPN+AmazonInternational:DAZN\n\nThe National Football League (NFL) playoffs is the annual single-elimination tournament held to determine the league champion. The four-round tournament is held after the league's regular season.", "topic": "National_Football_League_playoffs", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Football_League_playoffs" }, "text": "The Green Bay Packers has 13 titles in the National Football League playoffs." }, { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AFC_Championship_Game", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023_Baltimore_Ravens_season", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023_San_Francisco_49ers_season", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl_LVIII", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl_LI", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl_LIV", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Super_Bowl_champions", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl_MVP", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NFL_Top_100_Players_of_2023" ], "text": "They made their sixth consecutive AFC Championship Game appearance, but their first on the road, defeating the Baltimore Ravens 17–10 to advance to their fourth Super Bowl in five years. They defeated the San Francisco 49ers 25–22 in overtime in Super Bowl LVIII, which was only the second overtime in Super Bowl history (the first was Super Bowl LI) and a rematch of Super Bowl LIV. The win moved the Chiefs to four Super Bowl titles, becoming the seventh franchise to accomplish that number. The Chiefs defense was a key part of their Super Bowl-winning season, as they had a 2nd ranked defense in terms of yardage and points per game, only behind the Ravens. Despite all four of their opponents in the playoffs having scoring offenses that finished in the top 10 in the NFL, the Chiefs only allowed 15.8 points per game in the playoffs. Patrick Mahomes won his third Super Bowl MVP with two touchdown passes, including the decisive play in overtime. This marked Mahomes' third Super Bowl title in his first six years starting for the Chiefs. With the team having trailed by ten points in the second quarter, it also marked the third time in the Reid/Mahomes era the Chiefs overcame a double-digit Super Bowl deficit to win the title. NFL Top 100\n\nThe Chiefs only had three players ranked in the NFL Top 100 Players of 2023 players for the second straight year. However, all three were ranked in the top 10. Patrick Mahomes was named the number 1 player for the 2nd time.", "topic": "2023_Kansas_City_Chiefs_season", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023_Kansas_City_Chiefs_season" }, "text": "The Kansas City Chiefs won four Super Bowl titles." }, { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Football_Foundation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Collegiate_Athletic_Association", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Association_of_Intercollegiate_Athletics", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_most_watched_television_broadcasts_in_the_United_States", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl_LVII", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apollo_11", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moon_landing", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl_Sunday", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texas", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rose_Bowl_Game" ], "text": "As of 2022[update], the National Football Foundation reports nearly 1.04 million high-school athletes play the sport, with another 81,000 college athletes across both the NCAA and the NAIA; in comparison, the second-most played sport, basketball, had around 920,000 participants in high school and 63,000 in college. The Super Bowl is the most popular single-day sporting event in the United States, and is among the biggest club sporting events in the world in terms of TV viewership. The NFL made approximately $12 billion in revenue in 2022. Super Bowl games account for eight of the top ten most-watched broadcasts in American history; Super Bowl LVII, played on February 12, 2023, was watched by a record 115.1 million Americans, and is second only to the Apollo 11 moon landing (125 million viewers). American football also plays a significant role in American culture. The day on which the Super Bowl is held is considered a de facto national holiday, and in parts of the country like Texas, the sport has been compared to a religion. Football is also linked to other holidays; New Year's Day is traditionally the date for several college football bowl games, including the Rose Bowl. However, if New Year's Day is on a Sunday, the bowl games are moved to another date so as not to conflict with the typical NFL Sunday schedule.", "topic": "American_football", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_football" }, "text": "The Super Bowl is among the biggest club sporting events in the world in terms of TV viewership." }, { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Football_Foundation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Collegiate_Athletic_Association", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Association_of_Intercollegiate_Athletics", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_most_watched_television_broadcasts_in_the_United_States", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl_LVII", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apollo_11", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moon_landing", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl_Sunday", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texas", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rose_Bowl_Game" ], "text": "As of 2022[update], the National Football Foundation reports nearly 1.04 million high-school athletes play the sport, with another 81,000 college athletes across both the NCAA and the NAIA; in comparison, the second-most played sport, basketball, had around 920,000 participants in high school and 63,000 in college. The Super Bowl is the most popular single-day sporting event in the United States, and is among the biggest club sporting events in the world in terms of TV viewership. The NFL made approximately $12 billion in revenue in 2022. Super Bowl games account for eight of the top ten most-watched broadcasts in American history; Super Bowl LVII, played on February 12, 2023, was watched by a record 115.1 million Americans, and is second only to the Apollo 11 moon landing (125 million viewers). American football also plays a significant role in American culture. The day on which the Super Bowl is held is considered a de facto national holiday, and in parts of the country like Texas, the sport has been compared to a religion. Football is also linked to other holidays; New Year's Day is traditionally the date for several college football bowl games, including the Rose Bowl. However, if New Year's Day is on a Sunday, the bowl games are moved to another date so as not to conflict with the typical NFL Sunday schedule.", "topic": "American_football", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_football" }, "text": "Super Bowl games account for eight of the top ten most-watched broadcasts in American history." } ]

[ "What is Kansas City Chiefs?", "Which league does the Kansas City Chiefs play in?", "What does NFL stand for, and how many teams are in the league?", "Who is the owner of the Kansas City Chiefs?", "What is MLS?", "Who is Clark Hunt's family that are also involved in sports?", "What is the significance of the Super Bowl in the National Football League (NFL)?" ]

[ { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [], "text": "His number was retired after his death after an injury in a preseason game in 1963. 2 Number was posthumously retired. Names in bold spent entire playing career with the Dallas Texans/Kansas City Chiefs. The number 37 has not been worn since the death of Joe Delaney. Number 58 was not issued after the death of Derrick Thomas until it was officially retired in 2009. The numbers 16 and 28 are the only numbers to have been worn by a single player (both Dawson and Haynes respectively). | 1 Never on a Chiefs regular season roster. His number was retired after his death after an injury in a preseason game in 1963. 2 Number was posthumously retired. Names in bold spent entire playing career with the Dallas Texans/Kansas City Chiefs. The number 37 has not been worn since the death of Joe Delaney. Number 58 was not issued after the death of Derrick Thomas until it was officially retired in 2009. The numbers 16 and 28 are the only numbers to have been worn by a single player (both Dawson and Haynes respectively). | 1 Never on a Chiefs regular season roster. His number was retired after his death after an injury in a preseason game in 1963. 2 Number was posthumously retired. Names in bold spent entire playing career with the Dallas Texans/Kansas City Chiefs. The number 37 has not been worn since the death of Joe Delaney. Number 58 was not issued after the death of Derrick Thomas until it was officially retired in 2009. The numbers 16 and 28 are the only numbers to have been worn by a single player (both Dawson and Haynes respectively). | 1 Never on a Chiefs regular season roster. His number was retired after his death after an injury in a preseason game in 1963. 2 Number was posthumously retired. Names in bold spent entire playing career with the Dallas Texans/Kansas City Chiefs. The number 37 has not been worn since the death of Joe Delaney. Number 58 was not issued after the death of Derrick Thomas until it was officially retired in 2009.", "topic": "Kansas_City_Chiefs", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kansas_City_Chiefs" }, "text": "Kansas City Chiefs is a football team." }, { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kansas_City_Chiefs", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Football_League", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kansas_City_Royals", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Major_League_Baseball", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sporting_Kansas_City", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Major_League_Soccer" ], "text": "Sports\n\nProfessional sports teams in Kansas City include the Kansas City Chiefs in the National Football League (NFL), the Kansas City Royals in Major League Baseball (MLB) and Sporting Kansas City in Major League Soccer (MLS).", "topic": "Kansas_City,_Missouri", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kansas_City,_Missouri" }, "text": "Kansas City Chiefs plays in the National Football League (NFL)." }, { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forbes_400" ], "text": "26 of the 32 NFL teams rank among the Top 50 most valuable sports teams in the world; and 16 of the NFL's owners are listed on the Forbes 400, the most of any sports league or organization.", "topic": "National_Football_League", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Football_League" }, "text": "The National Football League (NFL) has 32 teams." }, { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kansas_City_Chiefs", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl_LIV", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl_LVII", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl_LVIII", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chairman_of_the_board", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CEO", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Football_League", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kansas_City_Chiefs", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Major_League_Soccer", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FC_Dallas", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbus_Crew", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lamar_Hunt", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norma_Hunt", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H._L._Hunt" ], "text": "<Infotable>\n{\"Position:\": \"Chairman/Co-owner\", \"Born:\": \"(1965-02-19) February 19, 1965 (age\\u00a059) Dallas, Texas, U.S.\", \"College:\": \"SMU\"}\n</Infotable>\nKansas City Chiefs ((https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2005_NFL_season)–present)Chairman\nKansas City Chiefs ((https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_NFL_season)–present)Co-owner\nKansas City Chiefs ((https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_NFL_season)–(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2011_NFL_season))President\n\n3× Super Bowl champion (LIV, LVII, LVIII)\n\nClark Knobel Hunt (born February 19, 1965) is an American billionaire and businessman who is chairman and CEO of the National Football League (NFL)'s Kansas City Chiefs and a founding investor-owner in Major League Soccer. Hunt is chairman of Hunt Sports Group, where he oversees the operations of the Chiefs, FC Dallas and, formerly, the Columbus Crew of MLS. He is the son of Chiefs founder Lamar Hunt and his second wife Norma Hunt, and is the grandson of oil tycoon H. L. Hunt. As of 2023, he had an estimated net worth of $2 billion. Following the death of his father in 2006, Hunt, his mother, and his siblings inherited legal ownership of the Chiefs.", "topic": "Clark_Hunt", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clark_Hunt" }, "text": "Clark Hunt oversees the operations of the Kansas City Chiefs, FC Dallas, and formerly the Columbus Crew of MLS." }, { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kansas_City_Chiefs", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Football_League", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kansas_City_Royals", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Major_League_Baseball", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sporting_Kansas_City", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Major_League_Soccer" ], "text": "Sports\n\nProfessional sports teams in Kansas City include the Kansas City Chiefs in the National Football League (NFL), the Kansas City Royals in Major League Baseball (MLB) and Sporting Kansas City in Major League Soccer (MLS).", "topic": "Kansas_City,_Missouri", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kansas_City,_Missouri" }, "text": "Sporting Kansas City plays in Major League Soccer (MLS)." }, { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miss_Missouri_Teen_USA", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miss_Kansas_USA", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christianity", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H._L._Hunt", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lamar_Hunt", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lamar_Hunt_Jr. ", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margaret_Hunt_Hill", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caroline_Rose_Hunt", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_Hunt", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helen_LaKelly_Hunt", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swanee_Hunt", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nelson_Bunker_Hunt", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Herbert_Hunt", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray_Lee_Hunt", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haela_Hunt-Hendrix", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norma_Hunt" ], "text": "Hunt is a member and former chairman of the NFL International Committee, and is also on the Management Council’s Executive Committee (CEC) and the Personal Conduct Committee. Hunt was instrumental in securing the NFL’s collective bargaining agreement in 2011, and he was one of six members of the NFL Committee on Los Angeles Opportunities. [citation needed]\n\nPersonal life\n\nHunt is married to Tavia Shackles, a former Miss Missouri Teen USA and Miss Kansas USA. The couple have three children. His daughter, Gracie, was named Miss Kansas USA in 2021, 28 years after her mother won the pageant. Hunt is a Christian. From 2016 to 2020, Hunt donated $53,675 to Republican candidates and causes. Hunt has multiple notable relatives due to his grandfather H. L. having 15 children. These include: his father Lamar, brother Lamar Jr., aunts Margaret, Caroline Rose, June, Helen, and Swanee, uncles Nelson Bunker, William Herbert, and Ray Lee, and cousin Haela Hunt-Hendrix. His mother Norma, who died in 2023, was the only woman to have attended all of the first 57 Super Bowls and died months after attending Super Bowl LVII.", "topic": "Clark_Hunt", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clark_Hunt" }, "text": "Clark Hunt's mother, Norma, was the only woman to attend all of the first 57 Super Bowls." }, { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_football", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Football_League", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Football_League_regular_season", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Football_League_playoffs", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vince_Lombardi_Trophy", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stadium#Types", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AFC_Championship_Game", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NFC_Championship_Game", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AFL%E2%80%93NFL_merger", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Football_League", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_National_Football_League", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AFL%E2%80%93NFL_World_Championship_Game" ], "text": "The Super Bowl is the annual American football game that determines the champion of the National Football League (NFL). The game culminates a season that begins in the previous calendar year, and is the conclusion of the NFL playoffs. The winner receives the Vince Lombardi Trophy. The contest is held in an American city, chosen three to four years beforehand, usually at warm-weather sites or domed stadiums. Since January 1971, the winner of the American Football Conference (AFC) Championship Game has faced the winner of the National Football Conference (NFC) Championship Game in the culmination of the NFL playoffs. Before the 1970 merger between the American Football League (AFL) and the National Football League (NFL), the two leagues met in four such contests. The first two were marketed as the \"AFL–NFL World Championship Game\", but were also casually referred to as \"the Super Bowl game\" during the television broadcast.", "topic": "List_of_Super_Bowl_champions", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Super_Bowl_champions" }, "text": "The Super Bowl is the culmination of the NFL playoffs." } ]

[ "What is Kansas City Chiefs?", "In which league does the Kansas City Chiefs play?", "What is the National Football League (NFL)?", "How many Super Bowl titles have the Kansas City Chiefs won?" ]

[ { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl_IV", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derrick_Thomas", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emmitt_Thomas" ], "text": "The numbers 16 and 28 are the only numbers to have been worn by a single player (both Dawson and Haynes respectively). | 1 Never on a Chiefs regular season roster. His number was retired after his death after an injury in a preseason game in 1963. 2 Number was posthumously retired. Names in bold spent entire playing career with the Dallas Texans/Kansas City Chiefs. The number 37 has not been worn since the death of Joe Delaney. Number 58 was not issued after the death of Derrick Thomas until it was officially retired in 2009. The numbers 16 and 28 are the only numbers to have been worn by a single player (both Dawson and Haynes respectively). </Wikitable>\n\n\nPro Football Hall of Famers\n\nTwenty-five members of the Pro Football Hall of Fame spent at least some portion of their career with the Chiefs. Thirteen spent the majority of the career with the Chiefs. Ten of the Chiefs in the Hall of Fame were involved with the Chiefs during their Super Bowl Championship season of (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1969_Kansas_City_Chiefs_season). The Chiefs have 3 contributors, 3 coaches, and 18 players in the Hall of Fame. Derrick Thomas is the only Chief in the Hall of Fame that was inducted posthumously. Listed below are only people whose tenure with the Chiefs is their reason for induction, not former Chiefs coaches inducted as a player, the only exception being Emmitt Thomas who was inducted as a player for the Chiefs and later become an assistant coach for the team. <Wikitable>\nKansas City Chiefs Hall of Fame enshrinees | Kansas City Chiefs Hall of Fame enshrinees | Kansas City Chiefs Hall of Fame enshrinees | Kansas City Chiefs Hall of Fame enshrinees | Kansas City Chiefs Hall of Fame enshrinees\nPlayers | Players | Players | Players | Players\nNo.", "topic": "Kansas_City_Chiefs", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kansas_City_Chiefs" }, "text": "The Kansas City Chiefs are a football team." }, { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kansas_City_Chiefs", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Football_League", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kansas_City_Royals", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Major_League_Baseball", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sporting_Kansas_City", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Major_League_Soccer" ], "text": "Sports\n\nProfessional sports teams in Kansas City include the Kansas City Chiefs in the National Football League (NFL), the Kansas City Royals in Major League Baseball (MLB) and Sporting Kansas City in Major League Soccer (MLS).", "topic": "Kansas_City,_Missouri", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kansas_City,_Missouri" }, "text": "The Kansas City Chiefs play in the National Football League (NFL)." }, { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Professional_gridiron_football", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_football", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sports_league", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Football_Conference", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Football_Conference", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Major_professional_sports_leagues_in_the_United_States_and_Canada", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Professional_gridiron_football", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NFL_preseason", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NFL_regular_season", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bye_(sports)" ], "text": "<Infotable>\n{\"Formerly\": \"American Professional Football Conference (1920) American Professional Football Association (1920\\u20131921)\", \"Sport\": \"American football\", \"Founded\": \"September\\u00a017, 1920 (104 years ago)\\u00a0(1920-09-17) Canton, Ohio, U.S.[1][2]\", \"First season\": \"1920\", \"Commissioner\": \"Roger Goodell\", \"No. of teams\": \"32\", \"Country\": \"United States[A]\", \"Headquarters\": \"345 Park Avenue (New York City)[3]\", \"Most recent champion(s)\": \"Kansas City Chiefs (4th title)\", \"Most titles\": \"Green Bay Packers (13 titles)\", \"TV partner(s)\": \"United States:[4] CBS Fox NBC ESPN (ABC, ESPN2) NFL Network Telemundo Deportes ESPN Deportes International: See list\", \"Streaming partner(s)\": \"United States: Paramount+ Peacock ESPN+ Amazon Netflix International: DAZN\", \"Official website\": \"NFL.com\"}\n</Infotable>\nThe National Football League (NFL) is a professional American football league that consists of 32 teams, divided equally between the American Football Conference (AFC) and the National Football Conference (NFC). The NFL is one of the major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada and the highest professional level of American football in the world. Each NFL season begins annually with a three-week preseason in August, followed by the 18-week regular season, which runs from early September to early January, with each team playing 17 games and having one bye week.", "topic": "National_Football_League", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Football_League" }, "text": "The NFL consists of 32 teams." }, { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AFC_Championship_Game", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023_Baltimore_Ravens_season", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023_San_Francisco_49ers_season", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl_LVIII", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl_LI", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl_LIV", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Super_Bowl_champions", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl_MVP", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NFL_Top_100_Players_of_2023" ], "text": "They made their sixth consecutive AFC Championship Game appearance, but their first on the road, defeating the Baltimore Ravens 17–10 to advance to their fourth Super Bowl in five years. They defeated the San Francisco 49ers 25–22 in overtime in Super Bowl LVIII, which was only the second overtime in Super Bowl history (the first was Super Bowl LI) and a rematch of Super Bowl LIV. The win moved the Chiefs to four Super Bowl titles, becoming the seventh franchise to accomplish that number. The Chiefs defense was a key part of their Super Bowl-winning season, as they had a 2nd ranked defense in terms of yardage and points per game, only behind the Ravens. Despite all four of their opponents in the playoffs having scoring offenses that finished in the top 10 in the NFL, the Chiefs only allowed 15.8 points per game in the playoffs. Patrick Mahomes won his third Super Bowl MVP with two touchdown passes, including the decisive play in overtime. This marked Mahomes' third Super Bowl title in his first six years starting for the Chiefs. With the team having trailed by ten points in the second quarter, it also marked the third time in the Reid/Mahomes era the Chiefs overcame a double-digit Super Bowl deficit to win the title. NFL Top 100\n\nThe Chiefs only had three players ranked in the NFL Top 100 Players of 2023 players for the second straight year. However, all three were ranked in the top 10. Patrick Mahomes was named the number 1 player for the 2nd time.", "topic": "2023_Kansas_City_Chiefs_season", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023_Kansas_City_Chiefs_season" }, "text": "The Kansas City Chiefs became the seventh franchise to achieve four Super Bowl titles." } ]

[ "What is Kansas City Chiefs?", "In which league does the Kansas City Chiefs play?", "What is the National Football League (NFL)?", "How does the playoff system work in the NFL?", "How are the division champions determined in the NFL?", "How does the seeding system affect the NFL playoff schedule?", "How does a team become the number 5 seed in the NFL playoffs?" ]

[ { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl_IV", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derrick_Thomas", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emmitt_Thomas" ], "text": "The numbers 16 and 28 are the only numbers to have been worn by a single player (both Dawson and Haynes respectively). | 1 Never on a Chiefs regular season roster. His number was retired after his death after an injury in a preseason game in 1963. 2 Number was posthumously retired. Names in bold spent entire playing career with the Dallas Texans/Kansas City Chiefs. The number 37 has not been worn since the death of Joe Delaney. Number 58 was not issued after the death of Derrick Thomas until it was officially retired in 2009. The numbers 16 and 28 are the only numbers to have been worn by a single player (both Dawson and Haynes respectively). </Wikitable>\n\n\nPro Football Hall of Famers\n\nTwenty-five members of the Pro Football Hall of Fame spent at least some portion of their career with the Chiefs. Thirteen spent the majority of the career with the Chiefs. Ten of the Chiefs in the Hall of Fame were involved with the Chiefs during their Super Bowl Championship season of (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1969_Kansas_City_Chiefs_season). The Chiefs have 3 contributors, 3 coaches, and 18 players in the Hall of Fame. Derrick Thomas is the only Chief in the Hall of Fame that was inducted posthumously. Listed below are only people whose tenure with the Chiefs is their reason for induction, not former Chiefs coaches inducted as a player, the only exception being Emmitt Thomas who was inducted as a player for the Chiefs and later become an assistant coach for the team. <Wikitable>\nKansas City Chiefs Hall of Fame enshrinees | Kansas City Chiefs Hall of Fame enshrinees | Kansas City Chiefs Hall of Fame enshrinees | Kansas City Chiefs Hall of Fame enshrinees | Kansas City Chiefs Hall of Fame enshrinees\nPlayers | Players | Players | Players | Players\nNo.", "topic": "Kansas_City_Chiefs", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kansas_City_Chiefs" }, "text": "The Kansas City Chiefs are a football team." }, { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kansas_City_Chiefs", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Football_League", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kansas_City_Royals", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Major_League_Baseball", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sporting_Kansas_City", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Major_League_Soccer" ], "text": "Sports\n\nProfessional sports teams in Kansas City include the Kansas City Chiefs in the National Football League (NFL), the Kansas City Royals in Major League Baseball (MLB) and Sporting Kansas City in Major League Soccer (MLS).", "topic": "Kansas_City,_Missouri", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kansas_City,_Missouri" }, "text": "The Kansas City Chiefs play in the National Football League (NFL)." }, { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wild_card_(sports)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NFL_playoffs", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single-elimination_tournament", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AFC_Championship_Game", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NFC_Championship_Game", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1922_NFL_season", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_National_Football_League_championship#1933–1965:_NFL_Championship_Game", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AFL%E2%80%93NFL_merger", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Football_League", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_professional_sports_leagues_by_revenue", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_sports_attendance_figures" ], "text": "Following the conclusion of the regular season, seven teams from each conference, including four division winners and three wild card teams, advance to the playoffs, a single-elimination tournament, which culminates in the Super Bowl, played in early February between the winners of the AFC and NFC championship games. The NFL was formed in 1920 as the American Professional Football Association (APFA) before renaming itself the National Football League for the 1922 season. After initially determining champions through end-of-season standings, a playoff system was implemented in 1933 that culminated with the NFL Championship Game until 1966. Following an agreement to merge the NFL with the rival American Football League (AFL), the Super Bowl was first held in 1967 to determine a champion between the best teams from the two leagues and has remained as the final game of each NFL season since the merger was completed in 1970. The NFL is the wealthiest professional sports league in the world by revenue and the sports league with the most valuable teams. The NFL also has the highest average attendance (67,591) of any professional sports league in the world and is the most popular sports league in the United States.", "topic": "National_Football_League", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Football_League" }, "text": "The NFL determines champions through a playoff system." }, { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1967%E2%80%9368_NFL_playoffs", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1967_NFL_Championship_Game", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1967_Los_Angeles_Rams_season", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1967_Baltimore_Colts_season", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wild_card_(sports)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AFL%E2%80%93NFL_merger", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third_place_playoff", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miami", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Playoff_Bowl" ], "text": "In (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1967_NFL_season), the NFL expanded to 16 teams and split its two conferences into two divisions of four teams each. The four division champions advanced to the playoffs. To remain on schedule, a tie-breaker system was introduced. The first round determined the conference's champion and its representative in the NFL Championship Game, played the following week. During the three years (1967–69) that this playoff structure was in effect, there was one use of the tie-breaker system. In 1967, the Los Angeles Rams and Baltimore Colts ended the season tied at 11–1–2 for the lead in the Coastal Division. The Colts came into the last game of the season undefeated but were beaten by the Rams. Though the Colts shared the best win–loss record in the NFL that year, they failed to advance to the playoffs while three other teams with worse records won their divisions. This event figured into the decision in 1970 to include a wild-card team in the playoff tournament after the AFL–NFL merger. During the 1960s, a third-place game was held in Miami, called the Playoff Bowl. It was contested in early January following the (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1960_NFL_season)–(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1969_NFL_season) seasons. Though official playoff games at the time they were played, the NFL now officially classifies these ten games (and statistics) as exhibitions, not as playoff games.", "topic": "National_Football_League_playoffs", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Football_League_playoffs" }, "text": "The four division champions advance to the playoffs." }, { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seed_(sports)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bye_(sports)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl" ], "text": "The four division winners are seeded 1–4 based on their overall won-lost-tied record, and the wild card teams are seeded 5–6. The NFL does not use a fixed bracket playoff system, and there are no restrictions regarding teams from the same division matching up in any round. In the first round, dubbed the wild-card playoffs or wild-card weekend, the third-seeded division winner hosts the sixth-seed wild card, and the fourth seed hosts the fifth. The 1 and 2 seeds from each conference received a first-round bye. In the second round, the divisional playoffs, the number 1 seed hosts the worst-surviving seed from the first round (seed 4, 5, or 6), while the number 2 seed will play the other team (seed 3, 4, or 5). The two surviving teams from each conference's divisional playoff games met in the respective AFC and NFC Conference Championship games, hosted by the higher seed. Although the Super Bowl, the championship round of the playoffs, is played at a neutral site, the designated home team is based on an annual rotation by conference.", "topic": "2015%E2%80%9316_NFL_playoffs", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2015%E2%80%9316_NFL_playoffs" }, "text": "The four division winners in the NFL are seeded 1–4 based on their overall won-lost-tied record." }, { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seed_(sports)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bye_(sports)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl" ], "text": "The four division winners are seeded 1–4 based on their overall won-lost-tied record, and the wild card teams are seeded 5–6. The NFL does not use a fixed bracket playoff system, and there are no restrictions regarding teams from the same division matching up in any round. In the first round, dubbed the wild-card playoffs or wild-card weekend, the third-seeded division winner hosts the sixth-seed wild card, and the fourth seed hosts the fifth. The 1 and 2 seeds from each conference received a first-round bye. In the second round, the divisional playoffs, the number 1 seed hosts the worst-surviving seed from the first round (seed 4, 5, or 6), while the number 2 seed will play the other team (seed 3, 4, or 5). The two surviving teams from each conference's divisional playoff games met in the respective AFC and NFC Conference Championship games, hosted by the higher seed. Although the Super Bowl, the championship round of the playoffs, is played at a neutral site, the designated home team is based on an annual rotation by conference.", "topic": "2015%E2%80%9316_NFL_playoffs", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2015%E2%80%9316_NFL_playoffs" }, "text": "The number 2 seed plays the other team (seed 3, 4, or 5) in the divisional playoffs." }, { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AFC_Championship_Game", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NFC_Championship_Game", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:2023%E2%80%9324_NFL_playoffs", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:2023%E2%80%9324_NFL_playoffs", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:2023%E2%80%9324_NFL_playoffs", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl_LVIII", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allegiant_Stadium", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paradise,_Nevada" ], "text": "In the second round, the Divisional playoffs, the number 1 seed hosts the lowest-seeded surviving team from the first round (seed 4, 5, 6, or 7), while the other two surviving teams play each other, with the higher-seeded team hosting. The two surviving teams from each conference's divisional playoff games then meet in the respective AFC and NFC Conference Championships, hosted by the higher seed. Although the Super Bowl, the championship round of the playoffs, is played at a neutral site, the designated home team is based on an annual rotation by conference. <Wikitable>\nSeed | AFC | NFC\n1 | Baltimore Ravens (North winner) | San Francisco 49ers (West winner)\n2 | Buffalo Bills (East winner) | Dallas Cowboys (East winner)\n3 | Kansas City Chiefs (West winner) | Detroit Lions (North winner)\n4 | Houston Texans (South winner) | Tampa Bay Buccaneers (South winner)\n5 | Cleveland Browns (wild card) | Philadelphia Eagles (wild card)\n6 | Miami Dolphins (wild card) | Los Angeles Rams (wild card)\n7 | Pittsburgh Steelers (wild card) | Green Bay Packers (wild card)\n\n</Wikitable>\n\n\nBracket\n\n* Indicates overtime victory\n\nviewtalkedit\n\nSchedule\n\nThe playoffs began with Wild Card Weekend on January 13–15, 2024. The Divisional round was played on January 20–21, with the winners of those games advancing to the Conference Championship games on January 28. Super Bowl LVIII was played on February 11 at Allegiant Stadium in Paradise, Nevada.", "topic": "2023%E2%80%9324_NFL_playoffs", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023%E2%80%9324_NFL_playoffs" }, "text": "A wild card team can be seeded 5, 6, or 7." } ]

[ "What is Kansas City Chiefs?", "In which league does the Kansas City Chiefs compete?" ]

[ { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Todd_Blackledge", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_Kelly", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dan_Marino", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1983_NFL_draft", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Maas", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Lewis_(American_football)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_Still", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deron_Cherry", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Mackovic", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marv_Levy", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NFL_playoffs,_1986%E2%80%9387", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_Jets", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Gansz", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Peterson", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marty_Schottenheimer" ], "text": "The Chiefs drafted quarterback Todd Blackledge over future greats such as Jim Kelly and Dan Marino in the 1983 NFL draft. Blackledge never started a full season for Kansas City while Kelly and Marino played Hall of Fame careers. While the Chiefs struggled on offense in the 1980s, they had a strong defensive unit consisting of Pro Bowlers such as Bill Maas, Albert Lewis, Art Still and Deron Cherry. John Mackovic took over head coaching duties for the 1983 season after Marv Levy was fired. Over the next four seasons, Mackovic coached the Chiefs to a 30–34 record, but took the team to its first postseason appearance in 15 years in the 1986 NFL playoffs. They lost to the New York Jets in the wild-card round. Despite leading the Chiefs to only their third winning season and second playoff appearance since the merger, Mackovic was fired for what Hunt described as a lack of chemistry. Frank Gansz served as head coach for the next two seasons, but won only eight of 31 games. Marty Schottenheimer era (1989–1998)\n\nOn December 19, 1988, owner Lamar Hunt hired Carl Peterson as the team's new president, general manager, and chief executive officer. Peterson fired head coach Frank Gansz two weeks after taking over and hired Marty Schottenheimer as the club's seventh head coach.", "topic": "Kansas_City_Chiefs", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kansas_City_Chiefs" }, "text": "The Kansas City Chiefs are a football team." }, { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kansas_City_Chiefs", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Football_League", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kansas_City_Royals", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Major_League_Baseball", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sporting_Kansas_City", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Major_League_Soccer" ], "text": "Sports\n\nProfessional sports teams in Kansas City include the Kansas City Chiefs in the National Football League (NFL), the Kansas City Royals in Major League Baseball (MLB) and Sporting Kansas City in Major League Soccer (MLS).", "topic": "Kansas_City,_Missouri", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kansas_City,_Missouri" }, "text": "The Kansas City Chiefs are in the National Football League (NFL)." } ]

[ "What is Kansas City Chiefs?", "What league does the Kansas City Chiefs play in?", "What is the American Football Conference?", "What is the American Football League?", "What is the National Football League?", "What is the National Football Conference?", "What does the winner of the game between the champions of the National Football Conference and the American Football Conference receive?" ]

[ { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Todd_Blackledge", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_Kelly", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dan_Marino", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1983_NFL_draft", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Maas", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Lewis_(American_football)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_Still", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deron_Cherry", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Mackovic", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marv_Levy", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NFL_playoffs,_1986%E2%80%9387", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_Jets", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Gansz", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Peterson", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marty_Schottenheimer" ], "text": "The Chiefs drafted quarterback Todd Blackledge over future greats such as Jim Kelly and Dan Marino in the 1983 NFL draft. Blackledge never started a full season for Kansas City while Kelly and Marino played Hall of Fame careers. While the Chiefs struggled on offense in the 1980s, they had a strong defensive unit consisting of Pro Bowlers such as Bill Maas, Albert Lewis, Art Still and Deron Cherry. John Mackovic took over head coaching duties for the 1983 season after Marv Levy was fired. Over the next four seasons, Mackovic coached the Chiefs to a 30–34 record, but took the team to its first postseason appearance in 15 years in the 1986 NFL playoffs. They lost to the New York Jets in the wild-card round. Despite leading the Chiefs to only their third winning season and second playoff appearance since the merger, Mackovic was fired for what Hunt described as a lack of chemistry. Frank Gansz served as head coach for the next two seasons, but won only eight of 31 games. Marty Schottenheimer era (1989–1998)\n\nOn December 19, 1988, owner Lamar Hunt hired Carl Peterson as the team's new president, general manager, and chief executive officer. Peterson fired head coach Frank Gansz two weeks after taking over and hired Marty Schottenheimer as the club's seventh head coach.", "topic": "Kansas_City_Chiefs", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kansas_City_Chiefs" }, "text": "The Kansas City Chiefs are a football team." }, { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kansas_City_Chiefs", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Football_League", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Football_Conference", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Football_League", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl_I", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_Bay_Packers" ], "text": "The following table lists the professional teams in the Kansas City metropolitan area:\n\n<Wikitable>\nClub | Sport | Founded | League | Venue\nKansas City Chiefs | Football | 1960 (as the Dallas Texans) 1963 (as Kansas City Chiefs) | National Football League | Arrowhead Stadium\nKansas City Royals | Baseball | 1969 | Major League Baseball | Kauffman Stadium\nSporting Kansas City | Soccer | 1996 | Major League Soccer | Children's Mercy Park (Kansas City, Kansas)\nSporting Kansas City II | Soccer | 2016 | MLS Next Pro | Children's Mercy Park (Kansas City, Kansas)\nKansas City Current | Soccer | 2018 (as Utah Royals FC) 2021 (as KC NWSL) | National Women's Soccer League | Children's Mercy Park (Kansas City, Kansas)\nKansas City Mavericks | Hockey | 2009 | ECHL | Cable Dahmer Arena (Independence)\nKansas City Comets | Indoor soccer | 2010 | Major Arena Soccer League | Cable Dahmer Arena (Independence)\nKansas City Monarchs | Baseball | 1993 (as the Duluth-Superior Dukes) 2003 (as the Kansas City T-Bones) | American Association | Legends Field\nKansas City Blues | Rugby union | 1966 | USA Rugby Division 1 | Swope Park Training Complex\nKansas City Storm | Women's football | 2004 | WTFA | North Kansas City High School\nKansas City Goats | Arena football | 2023 | The Arena League | Municipal Arena\n\n</Wikitable>\n2021 (as KC NWSL)\n\n2003 (as the Kansas City T-Bones)\n\nProfessional football\n\nThe Chiefs, now a member of the NFL's American Football Conference, started play in 1960 as the Dallas Texans of the American Football League before moving to Kansas City in 1963. The Chiefs lost Super Bowl I to the Green Bay Packers by a score of 35–10.", "topic": "Kansas_City,_Missouri", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kansas_City,_Missouri" }, "text": "The Kansas City Chiefs are a member of the American Football Conference." }, { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athletic_conference", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Football_League", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_football", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Football_Conference", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AFL%E2%80%93NFL_merger", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Football_League", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kansas_City_Chiefs", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baltimore_Ravens", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023_NFL_season", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AFC_Championship_Game", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl_LVIII", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco_49ers" ], "text": "<Infotable>\n{\"Formerly\": \"American Football League (AFL)\", \"League\": \"National Football League\", \"Sport\": \"American football\", \"Founded\": \"1970\", \"No. of teams\": \"16\", \"Most recent champion(s)\": \"Kansas City Chiefs (4th title)\", \"Most titles\": \"New England Patriots (11 titles)\"}\n</Infotable>\nThe American Football Conference (AFC) is one of the two conferences of the National Football League (NFL), the highest professional level of American football in the United States. The AFC and its counterpart, the National Football Conference (NFC), each contain 16 teams with 4 divisions. Both conferences were created as part of the 1970 merger between the National Football League, and the American Football League (AFL). All ten of the AFL teams, and three NFL teams, became members of the new AFC, with the remaining thirteen NFL teams forming the NFC. A series of league expansions and division realignments have occurred since the merger, thus making the current total of 16 teams in each conference. The current AFC champions are the Kansas City Chiefs, who defeated the Baltimore Ravens in the 2023 season's AFC Championship Game for their fourth conference championship and went on to win Super Bowl LVIII against the San Francisco 49ers.", "topic": "American_Football_Conference", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Football_Conference" }, "text": "The American Football Conference was created as part of the 1970 merger between the National Football League and the American Football League." }, { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athletic_conference", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Football_League", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_football", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Football_Conference", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AFL%E2%80%93NFL_merger", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Football_League", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kansas_City_Chiefs", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baltimore_Ravens", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023_NFL_season", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AFC_Championship_Game", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl_LVIII", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco_49ers" ], "text": "<Infotable>\n{\"Formerly\": \"American Football League (AFL)\", \"League\": \"National Football League\", \"Sport\": \"American football\", \"Founded\": \"1970\", \"No. of teams\": \"16\", \"Most recent champion(s)\": \"Kansas City Chiefs (4th title)\", \"Most titles\": \"New England Patriots (11 titles)\"}\n</Infotable>\nThe American Football Conference (AFC) is one of the two conferences of the National Football League (NFL), the highest professional level of American football in the United States. The AFC and its counterpart, the National Football Conference (NFC), each contain 16 teams with 4 divisions. Both conferences were created as part of the 1970 merger between the National Football League, and the American Football League (AFL). All ten of the AFL teams, and three NFL teams, became members of the new AFC, with the remaining thirteen NFL teams forming the NFC. A series of league expansions and division realignments have occurred since the merger, thus making the current total of 16 teams in each conference. The current AFC champions are the Kansas City Chiefs, who defeated the Baltimore Ravens in the 2023 season's AFC Championship Game for their fourth conference championship and went on to win Super Bowl LVIII against the San Francisco 49ers.", "topic": "American_Football_Conference", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Football_Conference" }, "text": "The American Football Conference was formerly the American Football League." }, { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Professional_gridiron_football", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_football", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sports_league", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Football_Conference", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Football_Conference", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Major_professional_sports_leagues_in_the_United_States_and_Canada", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Professional_gridiron_football", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NFL_preseason", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NFL_regular_season", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bye_(sports)" ], "text": "<Infotable>\n{\"Formerly\": \"American Professional Football Conference (1920) American Professional Football Association (1920\\u20131921)\", \"Sport\": \"American football\", \"Founded\": \"September\\u00a017, 1920 (104 years ago)\\u00a0(1920-09-17) Canton, Ohio, U.S.[1][2]\", \"First season\": \"1920\", \"Commissioner\": \"Roger Goodell\", \"No. of teams\": \"32\", \"Country\": \"United States[A]\", \"Headquarters\": \"345 Park Avenue (New York City)[3]\", \"Most recent champion(s)\": \"Kansas City Chiefs (4th title)\", \"Most titles\": \"Green Bay Packers (13 titles)\", \"TV partner(s)\": \"United States:[4] CBS Fox NBC ESPN (ABC, ESPN2) NFL Network Telemundo Deportes ESPN Deportes International: See list\", \"Streaming partner(s)\": \"United States: Paramount+ Peacock ESPN+ Amazon Netflix International: DAZN\", \"Official website\": \"NFL.com\"}\n</Infotable>\nThe National Football League (NFL) is a professional American football league that consists of 32 teams, divided equally between the American Football Conference (AFC) and the National Football Conference (NFC). The NFL is one of the major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada and the highest professional level of American football in the world. Each NFL season begins annually with a three-week preseason in August, followed by the 18-week regular season, which runs from early September to early January, with each team playing 17 games and having one bye week.", "topic": "National_Football_League", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Football_League" }, "text": "The teams in the National Football League are divided equally between the American Football Conference and the National Football Conference." }, { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Football_Conference", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Football_Conference", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vince_Lombardi_Trophy", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/College_football", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NCAA_Division_I", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NCAA_Division_II", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NCAA_Division_III", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Football_Bowl_Subdivision", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Football_Championship_Subdivision", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_school_football", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Federation_of_State_High_School_Associations", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utah_Girls_Football_League" ], "text": "It is played between the champions of the National Football Conference (NFC) and the American Football Conference (AFC), and its winner is awarded the Vince Lombardi Trophy. College football is the third-most popular sport in the United States, behind professional baseball and professional football. The NCAA, the largest collegiate organization, is divided into three Divisions: Division I, Division II and Division III. Division I football is further divided into two subdivisions: the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) and the Football Championship Subdivision (FCS). The champions of each level of play are determined through NCAA-sanctioned playoff systems; while the champion of Division I-FBS was historically determined by various polls and ranking systems, the subdivision adopted a four-team playoff system in 2014. High school football is the most popular sport in the United States played by boys; over 1.1 million boys participated in the sport from 2007 to 2008 according to a survey by the National Federation of State High School Associations (NFHS). There is a stark contrast in youth football participation between boys and girls. Only one youth football league exists in the United States for girls, the GFL.", "topic": "American_football", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_football" }, "text": "The champions of the National Football Conference play against the champions of the American Football Conference." }, { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_football", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Football_League", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Football_League_regular_season", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Football_League_playoffs", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vince_Lombardi_Trophy", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stadium#Types", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AFC_Championship_Game", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NFC_Championship_Game", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AFL%E2%80%93NFL_merger", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Football_League", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_National_Football_League", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AFL%E2%80%93NFL_World_Championship_Game" ], "text": "The Super Bowl is the annual American football game that determines the champion of the National Football League (NFL). The game culminates a season that begins in the previous calendar year, and is the conclusion of the NFL playoffs. The winner receives the Vince Lombardi Trophy. The contest is held in an American city, chosen three to four years beforehand, usually at warm-weather sites or domed stadiums. Since January 1971, the winner of the American Football Conference (AFC) Championship Game has faced the winner of the National Football Conference (NFC) Championship Game in the culmination of the NFL playoffs. Before the 1970 merger between the American Football League (AFL) and the National Football League (NFL), the two leagues met in four such contests. The first two were marketed as the \"AFL–NFL World Championship Game\", but were also casually referred to as \"the Super Bowl game\" during the television broadcast.", "topic": "List_of_Super_Bowl_champions", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Super_Bowl_champions" }, "text": "The winner of the game between the champions of the National Football Conference and the American Football Conference receives the Vince Lombardi Trophy." } ]

[ "What is Kansas City Chiefs?", "Who are some of the players in the Kansas City Chiefs hall of fame?" ]

[ { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [], "text": "| Player | Position | Tenure\n1970 | — | Lamar Hunt | Team founder/Owner | 1960–2006\n1971 | 36 | Mack Lee Hill* | RB | 1964–1965\n1972 | 75 | Jerry Mays | DT | 1961–1970\n1973 | 84 | Fred Arbanas | TE | 1962–1970\n1974 | 42 | Johnny Robinson | S | 1960–1971\n1975 | 88 | Chris Burford | WR | 1960–1967\n1976 | 55 | E. J. Holub | C/LB | 1961–1970\n1977 | 77 | Jim Tyrer | T | 1961–1973\n1978 | 21 | Mike Garrett | RB | 1966–1970\n1979 | 16 | Len Dawson | QB | 1963–1975\n1980 | 78 | Bobby Bell | LB | 1963–1974\n1981 | 86 | Buck Buchanan | DT | 1963–1975\n1982 | 89 | Otis Taylor | WR | 1965–1975\n1983 | No induction | No induction | No induction | No induction\n1984 | 71 | Ed Budde | G | 1963–1976\n1985 | 63 | Willie Lanier | LB | 1967–1977\n1986 | 18 | Emmitt Thomas | CB | 1966–1978\n1987 | — | Hank Stram | Coach | 1960–1974\n1988 | 44 | Jerrel Wilson | P | 1963–1977\n1989 | 14 | Ed Podolak | RB | 1969–1977\n1990 | 51 | Jim Lynch | LB | 1967–1977\n1991 | 28 | Abner Haynes | RB | 1960–1964\n1992 | 3 | Jan Stenerud | K | 1967–1979\n1993 | 69 | Sherrill Headrick | LB | 1960–1967\n1994 | 58 | Jack Rudnay | C | 1969–1982\n1995 | 32 | Curtis McClinton | RB | 1962–1969\n1996 | 20 | Deron Cherry | S | 1981–1991\n1997 | 73 | Dave Hill | T | 1963–1974\n1998 | 67 | Art Still | DE | 1978–1987\n1999 | 34 | Lloyd Burruss | S | 1981–1991\n2000 | 35 | Christian Okoye | RB | 1987–1992\n2001 | 58 | Derrick Thomas* | LB | 1989–1999\n2002 | 76 | John Alt | T | 1984–1996\n2003 | 59 | Gary Spani | LB | 1978–1986\n2004 | 37 | Joe Delaney* | RB | 1981–1982\n2005 | — | Jack Steadman | President/GM | 1960–1989\n2006 | 90 | Neil Smith | DE | 1988–1996\n2007 | 29 | Albert Lewis | CB | 1983–1993\n2008 | 61 | Curley Culp | DT | 1968–1974\n2009 | 8 | Nick Lowery | K | 1980–1993\n2010 | — | Marty Schottenheimer | Coach | 1989–1998\n2011 | 31 | Kevin Ross | CB | 1984–1993, 1997\n2012 | 68 | Will Shields | G | 1993–2006\n2013 | 26 | Gary Barbaro | S | 1976–1982\n2014 | 31 | Priest Holmes | RB | 2001–2007\n2015 | 24 | Gary Green | CB | 1977–1983\n2016 | 49 | Tony Richardson | FB | 1995–2005\n2017 | 88 | Carlos Carson | WR | 1980–1989\n2018 | 88 | Tony Gonzalez | TE | 1997–2008\n2019 | 54 | Brian Waters | G | 2000–2010\n2020 | No induction | No induction | No induction | No induction\n2021 | 61 | Tim Grunhard | C | 1990–2000\n2022 | 38 | Kimble Anders | FB | 1991–2000\n2023 | 82 | Dante Hall | WR† | 2000–2006\n\n</Wikitable>\n*Posthumous induction†Hall's primary position was wide receiver and is listed in the Chiefs Hall of Honor as a receiver.", "topic": "Kansas_City_Chiefs", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kansas_City_Chiefs" }, "text": "The Kansas City Chiefs is a football team with a hall of fame that inducts players and personnel." }, { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wrigley_Field", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiger_Stadium_(Detroit)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milwaukee_County_Stadium", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metropolitan_Stadium", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pro_Football_Hall_of_Fame", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Len_Dawson", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buck_Buchanan", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curley_Culp", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bobby_Bell", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willie_Lanier", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emmitt_Thomas", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johnny_Robinson_(safety)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jan_Stenerud", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lamar_Hunt", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Len_Dawson", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denver_Broncos" ], "text": "Both teams' benches were on the north sideline in front of the temporary bleachers, as was the case at Wrigley Field, Tiger Stadium, Milwaukee County Stadium and Metropolitan Stadium. The east end zone ended at the right field fence, and the large scoreboard was in this end of the stadium. Due to the fence, there was significantly less room between the end line and the fence of the east end zone than there was in the west end zone, where there was a significant amount of room between the end line and the grandstand. The Chiefs were 44–16–3 (.722) in their tenure at Municipal Stadium and had a roster of Hall of Fame players: Quarterback Len Dawson, Defensive End Buck Buchanan, defensive tackle Curley Culp, Linebackers Bobby Bell and Willie Lanier, defensive backs Emmitt Thomas and Johnny Robinson, and Kicker Jan Stenerud. Lamar Hunt himself was the first Chief elected to the Hall, as his role as a league pioneer resulted in pro football growing from 12 to 26 franchises in the 1960s. In one of the great performances at the stadium, the Chiefs' Hall of Fame Quarterback Len Dawson passed for 435 yards and 6 Touchdowns against the Denver Broncos on November 1, 1964.", "topic": "Municipal_Stadium_(Kansas_City,_Missouri)", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Municipal_Stadium_(Kansas_City,_Missouri)" }, "text": "Curley Culp is a Hall of Fame defensive tackle for the Kansas City Chiefs." } ]

[ "What is Kansas City Chiefs?", "Who are some of the notable people in the Kansas City Chiefs hall of fame?", "What is Super Bowl IV?" ]

[ { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [], "text": "| Player | Position | Tenure\n1970 | — | Lamar Hunt | Team founder/Owner | 1960–2006\n1971 | 36 | Mack Lee Hill* | RB | 1964–1965\n1972 | 75 | Jerry Mays | DT | 1961–1970\n1973 | 84 | Fred Arbanas | TE | 1962–1970\n1974 | 42 | Johnny Robinson | S | 1960–1971\n1975 | 88 | Chris Burford | WR | 1960–1967\n1976 | 55 | E. J. Holub | C/LB | 1961–1970\n1977 | 77 | Jim Tyrer | T | 1961–1973\n1978 | 21 | Mike Garrett | RB | 1966–1970\n1979 | 16 | Len Dawson | QB | 1963–1975\n1980 | 78 | Bobby Bell | LB | 1963–1974\n1981 | 86 | Buck Buchanan | DT | 1963–1975\n1982 | 89 | Otis Taylor | WR | 1965–1975\n1983 | No induction | No induction | No induction | No induction\n1984 | 71 | Ed Budde | G | 1963–1976\n1985 | 63 | Willie Lanier | LB | 1967–1977\n1986 | 18 | Emmitt Thomas | CB | 1966–1978\n1987 | — | Hank Stram | Coach | 1960–1974\n1988 | 44 | Jerrel Wilson | P | 1963–1977\n1989 | 14 | Ed Podolak | RB | 1969–1977\n1990 | 51 | Jim Lynch | LB | 1967–1977\n1991 | 28 | Abner Haynes | RB | 1960–1964\n1992 | 3 | Jan Stenerud | K | 1967–1979\n1993 | 69 | Sherrill Headrick | LB | 1960–1967\n1994 | 58 | Jack Rudnay | C | 1969–1982\n1995 | 32 | Curtis McClinton | RB | 1962–1969\n1996 | 20 | Deron Cherry | S | 1981–1991\n1997 | 73 | Dave Hill | T | 1963–1974\n1998 | 67 | Art Still | DE | 1978–1987\n1999 | 34 | Lloyd Burruss | S | 1981–1991\n2000 | 35 | Christian Okoye | RB | 1987–1992\n2001 | 58 | Derrick Thomas* | LB | 1989–1999\n2002 | 76 | John Alt | T | 1984–1996\n2003 | 59 | Gary Spani | LB | 1978–1986\n2004 | 37 | Joe Delaney* | RB | 1981–1982\n2005 | — | Jack Steadman | President/GM | 1960–1989\n2006 | 90 | Neil Smith | DE | 1988–1996\n2007 | 29 | Albert Lewis | CB | 1983–1993\n2008 | 61 | Curley Culp | DT | 1968–1974\n2009 | 8 | Nick Lowery | K | 1980–1993\n2010 | — | Marty Schottenheimer | Coach | 1989–1998\n2011 | 31 | Kevin Ross | CB | 1984–1993, 1997\n2012 | 68 | Will Shields | G | 1993–2006\n2013 | 26 | Gary Barbaro | S | 1976–1982\n2014 | 31 | Priest Holmes | RB | 2001–2007\n2015 | 24 | Gary Green | CB | 1977–1983\n2016 | 49 | Tony Richardson | FB | 1995–2005\n2017 | 88 | Carlos Carson | WR | 1980–1989\n2018 | 88 | Tony Gonzalez | TE | 1997–2008\n2019 | 54 | Brian Waters | G | 2000–2010\n2020 | No induction | No induction | No induction | No induction\n2021 | 61 | Tim Grunhard | C | 1990–2000\n2022 | 38 | Kimble Anders | FB | 1991–2000\n2023 | 82 | Dante Hall | WR† | 2000–2006\n\n</Wikitable>\n*Posthumous induction†Hall's primary position was wide receiver and is listed in the Chiefs Hall of Honor as a receiver.", "topic": "Kansas_City_Chiefs", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kansas_City_Chiefs" }, "text": "The Kansas City Chiefs is a football team with a hall of fame that inducts players and personnel." }, { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl_champion", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl_XXII", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl_XXVI", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_football", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Football_League", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/College_football", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bishop_College", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornerback", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kansas_City_Chiefs", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interception", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pro_Football_Hall_of_Fame", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl_IV", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl_XXII", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl_XXVI", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington_Commanders" ], "text": "18](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kansas_City_Chiefs#Retired_numbers) retired\n\n2× Super Bowl champion (XXII, XXVI)\n\nEmmitt Earl Thomas (born June 3, 1943) is an American former professional football player and coach in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at the now defunct Bishop College. He played professionally as a cornerback for the Kansas City Chiefs of the NFL. He owns the Chiefs all-time interception record with 58, which places him ninth on pro football's all-time list. Thomas was inducted to the Pro Football Hall of Fame after being nominated by the Seniors Committee. Thomas became a coach after his playing career. He won Super Bowl IV as a player with the Chiefs and Super Bowl XXII and Super Bowl XXVI as an assistant coach with the Washington Redskins.", "topic": "Emmitt_Thomas", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emmitt_Thomas" }, "text": "Emmitt Thomas won Super Bowl IV as a player with the Chiefs." }, { "supporting_document": { "atomic_facts": [], "outbound_links": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl_III", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl_V", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_football", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulane_Stadium", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Orleans", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AFL%E2%80%93NFL_merger", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Football_League", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1969_Kansas_City_Chiefs_season", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Football_League", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1969_Minnesota_Vikings_season" ], "text": "<Infotable>\n{\"Minnesota Vikings (NFL) (12\\u20132)\": \"Kansas City Chiefs (AFL) (11\\u20133)\", \"7\": \"23\", \"Head coach: Bud Grant\": \"Head coach: Hank Stram\", \"NaN\": \"1\", \"MIN\": \"0\", \"KC\": \"3\", \"Date\": \"January 11, 1970\\u00a0(1970-01-11)\", \"Stadium\": \"Tulane Stadium, New\\u00a0Orleans,\\u00a0Louisiana\", \"MVP\": \"Len Dawson, quarterback\", \"Favorite\": \"Vikings by 13.5[1]\", \"Referee\": \"John McDonough\", \"Attendance\": \"80562\", \"National anthem\": \"Doc Severinsen with Pat O'Brien\", \"Coin toss\": \"John McDonough\", \"Halftime show\": \"Southern University Band, re-enactment of the Battle of New Orleans\", \"Network\": \"CBS Radio\", \"Announcers\": \"Bob Reynolds and Tom Hedrick\", \"Nielsen ratings\": \"39.4 (est. 44.3 million viewers)\", \"Market share\": \"69\", \"Cost of 30-second commercial\": \"$78,000\"}\n</Infotable>\n← IIISuper BowlV →\n\nSuper Bowl IV was an American football game played on January 11, 1970, at Tulane Stadium in New Orleans, Louisiana. It was the fourth and final AFL–NFL World Championship Game in professional football prior to the AFL–NFL merger taking effect the following season. The American Football League (AFL) champion Kansas City Chiefs defeated the National Football League (NFL) champion Minnesota Vikings by the score of 23–7. This victory by the AFL squared the Super Bowl series with the NFL at two games apiece as the two leagues merged after the game.", "topic": "Super_Bowl_IV", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl_IV" }, "text": "Super Bowl IV was played at Tulane Stadium in New Orleans, Louisiana." } ]