text
stringlengths
37
1.41M
class DLNode: def __init__(self, val=None): self.val = val self.next = None self.prev = None class MovingAverage: def __init__(self, size: int): """ Initialize your data structure here. """ self.capacity = size self.head = DLNode() self.tail = DLNode() self.head.next = self.tail self.tail.prev = self.head self.sum = 0 self.size = 0 def next(self, val: int) -> float: if self.size == self.capacity: removed_elem = self.del_top() print(removed_elem, val) self.sum -= removed_elem self.size -= 1 self.sum += val self.size += 1 newelem = DLNode(val) self.add_bottom(newelem) return self.sum/self.size def del_top(self): removedNode = self.head.next self.head.next = removedNode.next removedNode.next.prev = self.head return removedNode.val def add_bottom(self, node): self.tail.prev.next = node node.next = self.tail node.prev = self.tail.prev self.tail.prev = node # Your MovingAverage object will be instantiated and called as such: # obj = MovingAverage(size) # param_1 = obj.next(val)
class UF: def __init__(self, vars): self.parents = {var: var for var in vars} self.size = {var: 1 for var in vars} def find(self, var): root = self.parents[var] while root != self.parents[root]: root = self.parents[root] while self.parents[var] != root: var, self.parents[var] = self.parents[var], root return root def union(self, var1, var2): root_1, root_2 = self.find(var1), self.find(var2) if root_1 == root_2: return if self.size[root_1] < self.size[root_2]: self.parents[root_1] = root_2 self.size[root_2] += self.size[root_1] else: self.parents[root_2] = root_1 self.size[root_1] += self.size[root_2] class Solution: def equationsPossible(self, equations: List[str]) -> bool: vars = set() for eqn in equations: vars.add(eqn[0]) vars.add(eqn[-1]) uf = UF(vars) for eqn in equations: if eqn[1:-1] == "==": uf.union(eqn[0], eqn[-1]) for eqn in equations: if eqn[1:-1] == "!=" and uf.find(eqn[0]) == uf.find(eqn[-1]): return False return True
# Definition for a binary tree node. # class TreeNode: # def __init__(self, val=0, left=None, right=None): # self.val = val # self.left = left # self.right = right class Solution: def str2tree(self, s: str) -> TreeNode: """ "4 (2(3)(1)) (6(5)(7))" """ n = len(s) def dfs(start, end): if start >= end: return None currEnd = start while currEnd < end and s[currEnd] != "(": currEnd += 1 node = TreeNode(s[start:currEnd]) if currEnd == end: return node leftParans, rightParans = 0, 0 for partition in range(currEnd, end): leftParans += s[partition] == "(" rightParans += s[partition] == ")" if leftParans == rightParans: break node.left = dfs(currEnd+1, partition) node.right = dfs(partition + 2, end-1) return node return dfs(0, n)
""" # Definition for a Node. class Node: def __init__(self, val=None, children=None): self.val = val self.children = children if children is not None else [] """ O(N) | O(1) class Solution: def findRoot(self, tree: List['Node']) -> 'Node': valSum = 0 for i in range(len(tree)): valSum += tree[i].val for child in tree[i].children: valSum -= child.val for node in tree: if node.val == valSum: return node return None O(N) | O(N) class Solution: def findRoot(self, tree: List['Node']) -> 'Node': inDegrees = {node.val: 0 for node in tree} for node in tree: for child in node.children: inDegrees[child.val] += 1 for i in range(len(tree)): if inDegrees[tree[i].val] == 0: return tree[i] return None
# Definition for a binary tree node. # class TreeNode: # def __init__(self, val=0, left=None, right=None): # self.val = val # self.left = left # self.right = right class Solution: def rob(self, root: TreeNode) -> int: """ Rob(node) = max amount possible at that node Base case: Rob(node) = 0 if not node general case Rob(node) = max(node.val + Rob(node.next.next) (if not none), Rob(node.next)) """ memo = {} def Rob(node): if not node: return 0 if node in memo: return memo[node] robNowLeft = 0 if node.left is None else Rob(node.left.left) + Rob(node.left.right) robNowRight = 0 if node.right is None else Rob(node.right.left) + Rob(node.right.right) robNow = robNowLeft + robNowRight + node.val skipNow = Rob(node.left) + Rob(node.right) memo[node] = max(robNow, skipNow) return memo[node] return Rob(root)
class Solution: def reverseVowels(self, s: str) -> str: sarr = list(s) i, j = 0, len(sarr)-1 vowels = {'a', 'e', 'i', 'o', 'u', 'A', 'E', 'I', 'O', 'U'} while i < j: if sarr[i] not in vowels: i += 1 elif sarr[j] not in vowels: j -= 1 else: sarr[i], sarr[j] = sarr[j], sarr[i] i += 1 j -= 1 return "".join(sarr)
# Path with Maximum Probability 1514. # You are given an undirected weighted graph of n nodes (0-indexed), represented by an edge list where edges[i] = [a, b] is an undirected edge connecting the nodes a and b with a probability of success of traversing that edge succProb[i]. # Given two nodes start and end, find the path with the maximum probability of success to go from start to end and return its success probability. # If there is no path from start to end, return 0. Your answer will be accepted if it differs from the correct answer by at most 1e-5. # Example 1: # Input: n = 3, edges = [[0,1],[1,2],[0,2]], succProb = [0.5,0.5,0.2], start = 0, end = 2 # Output: 0.25000 # Explanation: There are two paths from start to end, one having a probability of success = 0.2 and the other has 0.5 * 0.5 = 0.25. # Example 2: # Input: n = 3, edges = [[0,1],[1,2],[0,2]], succProb = [0.5,0.5,0.3], start = 0, end = 2 # Output: 0.30000 # Example 3: # Input: n = 3, edges = [[0,1]], succProb = [0.5], start = 0, end = 2 # Output: 0.00000 # Explanation: There is no path between 0 and 2. # Constraints: # 2 <= n <= 10^4 # 0 <= start, end < n # start != end # 0 <= a, b < n # a != b # 0 <= succProb.length == edges.length <= 2*10^4 # 0 <= succProb[i] <= 1 # There is at most one edge between every two nodes. class Solution: def maxProbability(self, n: int, edges: List[List[int]], succProb: List[float], start: int, end: int) -> float: # sol 1: # time O(n*m) space O(n*m) # construct a graph graph = collections.defaultdict(list) deque = collections.deque([start]) for i, (a, b) in enumerate(edges): graph[a].append((b,i)) graph[b].append((a,i)) p = [0.0]*n p[start] = 1.0 # for each element, calculate if max probs to its neighbors is higher to update. while deque: cur = deque.popleft() for neighbor,i in graph[cur]: if p[cur]*succProb[i] > p[neighbor]: p[neighbor] = p[cur]*succProb[i] deque.append(neighbor) return p[end]
# Can Make Arithmetic Progression From Sequence 1502 # [email protected] # Given an array of numbers arr. A sequence of numbers is called an arithmetic progression if the difference between any two consecutive elements is the same. # Return true if the array can be rearranged to form an arithmetic progression, otherwise, return false. # Example 1: # Input: arr = [3,5,1] # Output: true # Explanation: We can reorder the elements as [1,3,5] or [5,3,1] with differences 2 and -2 respectively, between each consecutive elements. # Example 2: # Input: arr = [1,2,4] # Output: false # Explanation: There is no way to reorder the elements to obtain an arithmetic progression. # Constraints: # 2 <= arr.length <= 1000 # -10^6 <= arr[i] <= 10^6 class Solution: def canMakeArithmeticProgression(self, arr: List[int]) -> bool: # sol 1: sort # time O(nlogn) space O(1) arr.sort() # O(nlogn) diff = abs(arr[1]-arr[0]) for i in range(1,len(arr)): if abs(arr[i]-arr[i-1])!=diff: return False return True # sol 2: # time O(n) space O(1) minarr = min(arr) gap = (max(arr) - minarr)/(len(arr)-1) if gap==0: return True i = 0 while i < len(arr): # compare curr val to the min val plus number of gaps. if arr[i] == minarr + i*gap: i += 1 else: diff = arr[i] - minarr if diff % gap !=0: return False # swap to the right index. index = int(diff/gap) if arr[index] == arr[i]: return False arr[index], arr[i] = arr[i], arr[index] return True
#Library import csv import math from sklearn import preprocessing from sklearn.feature_selection import SelectKBest from sklearn.feature_selection import f_regression from sklearn.feature_selection import mutual_info_regression #Variables X = [] y = [] features = ('X','Y','month','day','FFMC','DMC','DC','ISI','temp','RH','wind','rain') month_dict = {'jan':1,'feb':2,'mar':3,'apr':4,'may':5,'jun':6, 'jul':7,'aug':8,'sep':9,'oct':10,'nov':11,'dec':12,} day_dict = {'mon':1,'tue':2,'wed':3,'thu':4,'fri':5,'sat':6,'sun':7} #modifiable fs_rounds = None final_dim = None function = None #Retrieve user input fs_rounds = int(input("Enter # of feature selection rounds: ")) final_dim = int(input("Enter # of desired features: ")) print("Choose a feature selection function:\n1. correlation\n2. mutual information") choice = int(input("Enter 1 or 2: ")) if choice == 1: function = f_regression if choice == 2: function = mutual_info_regression #Load data print("\nLoading data...", end=' ') with open("../resource/forestfires.csv", 'r') as csvfile: reader = csv.reader(csvfile) for i, row in enumerate(reader): if i > 0: #skipping the header temp = [row[0],row[1],month_dict[row[2]],day_dict[row[3]],row[4],row[5], row[6],row[8],row[9],row[10],row[11]] X.append([float(i) for i in temp]) #natural log transform function y.append(math.log(float(row[-1])+1)) print("Done") #Standardize attributes to have a mean of zero and a standard deviation of one X_std = preprocessing.scale(X) #Feature Selection print("\nPerforming feature selection...", end=' ') fs_totals = [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0] for fs_round in range(fs_rounds): fs = SelectKBest(score_func=function, k=final_dim) fs.fit(X_std, y) for i,score in enumerate(fs.scores_): fs_totals[i] += score fs_avgscores = [i/fs_rounds for i in fs_totals] print("Done") #Determine columns of selected features keep_col = sorted(range(len(fs_avgscores)), key=lambda i: fs_avgscores[i], reverse=True)[:final_dim] print("\nUse feature columns: " + str(keep_col))
# # Implementation of Knuth-Morris-Pratt (KMP) Algorithm # anontated. # # Algorithm creates a text table for use with searches. # # Running Time is O(n+m), where 'n' is length of the searched text (typically large) # and 'm' is the length of pattern (or pattern, typically small). # # Assumptions: length of pattern <= length of text, e.g. m <= n, otherwise # function will not find the pattern # import itertools def kmp_match(text, pattern): # By checking the largest word suffix which matches the word prefix, we can # generate a 'prefix table' that can then be used as a state machine, where 0 is the # initial state and the last character in the table being the accpeting state. # # We generate the prefix table by maintaining a running count of character matches # starting from the 2nd character as we are walking the word character by character. # # The reason this works is because the prefix count reveals how many prefix # matches at any point in the string. The prefix matches will let us know where in # the word to jump to (state change) if we see a mismatch as we are actually # matching the word. # def init_prefix_table(word): prefix_table = [0] * (len(word) + 1) prefix_table[0] = -1 i, j = 0, -1 while i < len(word): if j == -1 or word[i] == word[j]: i += 1 j += 1 prefix_table[i] = j else: j = prefix_table[j] return prefix_table[1:] prefix_table = init_prefix_table(pattern) #print ('prefix table:', prefix_table) # now that we have the state_table (aka prefix table) created, we can do the string matching # using it as a guide for state transitions pattern_index = 0 for text_index, text_ch in enumerate(text): # Check for failure; if failure, then transition to the correct # intermediate state. If no intermediate state is found, then we will go # to the initial state and thus exit the while loop # the state variable also informs the correct index into the pattern string while pattern_index > 0 and text_ch != pattern[pattern_index]: pattern_index = prefix_table[pattern_index-1] if text_ch == pattern[pattern_index]: if pattern_index == len(pattern)-1: return text_index-pattern_index # update the automaton pattern_index pattern_index+=1 return -1 def main(): print('Knuth Morris Pratt (KMP) string search algorithm') Input = 'y ababaca siifjae', 'ababaca' print(Input) res = kmp_match(Input[0], Input[1]) print('len:', len(Input[1])) print('result:', res, "'{}'".format(Input[0][res:res+len(Input[1])])) assert Input[0][res:res+len(Input[1])] == Input[1] print('correct:', Input[0].find(Input[1])) assert res == Input[0].find(Input[1]) Input = 'y ababac siifjae', 'ababac' print(Input) res = kmp_match(Input[0], Input[1]) print('len:', len(Input[1])) print(res, "'{}'".format(Input[0][res:res+len(Input[1])])) assert Input[0][res:res+len(Input[1])] == Input[1] print('correct:', Input[0].find(Input[1])) assert res == Input[0].find(Input[1]) Input = 'abababacsiifjae', 'ababac' print (Input) res = kmp_match(Input[0], Input[1]) print ('len:', len(Input[1])) print (res, "'{}'".format(Input[0][res:res+len(Input[1])])) print ('correct:', Input[0].find(Input[1])) assert Input[0][res:res+len(Input[1])] == Input[1] assert res == Input[0].find(Input[1]) Input = 'adfbec dsfoeifj asdfjww abyyabcdefg siifjae', 'aba' print (Input) res = kmp_match(Input[0], Input[1]) print ('len:', len(Input[1])) print (res) print ('correct:', Input[0].find(Input[1])) assert res == Input[0].find(Input[1]) Input = 'adfbec dsfoeifj asdfjww sifmyy abcdefg siifjae', 'ab' print (Input) res = kmp_match(Input[0], Input[1]) print ('len:', len(Input[1])) print (res, "'{}'".format(Input[0][res:res+len(Input[1])])) print ('correct:', Input[0].find(Input[1])) assert res == Input[0].find(Input[1]) Input = 'adfbec dsfoeifj asdfjww sifmyy abcdefg siifjae', 'a' print (Input) res = kmp_match(Input[0], Input[1]) print ('len:', len(Input[1])) print (res, "'{}'".format(Input[0][res:res+len(Input[1])])) print ('correct:', Input[0].find(Input[1])) assert res == Input[0].find(Input[1]) Input = 'adfbec dsfoeifj asdfjww sifmyy abcdefg siifjae', 'aa' print (Input) res = kmp_match(Input[0], Input[1]) print ('len:', len(Input[1])) print (res, "'{}'".format(Input[0][res:res+len(Input[1])])) print ('correct:', Input[0].find(Input[1])) assert res == Input[0].find(Input[1]) Input = "ababac", "ababac", print (Input) res = kmp_match(Input[0], Input[1]) print ('len:', len(Input[1])) print (res, "'{}'".format(Input[0][res:res+len(Input[1])])) print ('correct:', Input[0].find(Input[1])) assert res == Input[0].find(Input[1]) Input = "aabaaabaaac", "aabaaac" print (Input) res = kmp_match(Input[0], Input[1]) print ('len:', len(Input[1])) print (res, "'{}'".format(Input[0][res:res+len(Input[1])])) print ('correct:', Input[0].find(Input[1])) assert res == Input[0].find(Input[1]) Input = 'bacbababaabcbab', 'ababababca' print (Input) res = kmp_match(Input[0], Input[1]) print ('len:', len(Input[1])) print ('res:', res, "'{}'".format(Input[0][res:res+len(Input[1])])) print ('correct:', Input[0].find(Input[1])) assert res == Input[0].find(Input[1]) if __name__ == "__main__": main()
#!/bin/python import sys def capitalize(string): s = string.split(" ") temp = [] for word in s: word = list(word) if len(word) != 0: word[0] = word[0].upper() word = "".join(word) temp.append(word) temp.append(" ") else: temp.append(" ") return "".join(temp)
import re for i in range(int(raw_input())): uid = raw_input() if bool(re.search(r"([A-Z].*){2}", uid)) and bool(re.search(r"([0-9].*){3}", uid)) and bool(re.search(r"^[a-zA-Z0-9]{10}$", uid)) and not bool(re.search(r"([a-zA-Z0-9]).*\1", uid)): print "Valid" else: print "Invalid"
n = input("Ingrese un número: ") n = int(n) if n < 100: print(False) else: print(True)
def counting_valleys(path): altitude = 0 count_valleys = 0 is_in_valley = False for step in path: # Update altitude if step == "U": altitude += 1 else: altitude -= 1 if altitude < 0 and not is_in_valley: # Check if going into valley count_valleys += 1 is_in_valley = True elif altitude >= 0: # If above ground level then not in valley is_in_valley = False return count_valleys
# reverse_integer # Input: Number # Output: Number # Side effects: None def reverse_integer(num): str_num = str(num).replace('-', '')[::-1] if num < 0: str_num = '-' + str_num rev_num = int(str_num) if rev_num > 2147483647: return 0 if rev_num < -2147483648: return 0 return rev_num
#program 02 from coursera. hrs = input("Enter hours: ") hours= int(hrs) rate = input("Enter rate: ") rate= float(rate) pay = hours *rate Pay =float(pay)
import turtle as t import random plantArray=[] t.bgcolor("orange") file = open("file.txt","w") def tdefault(): t.speed(0) t.pensize(3) t.hideturtle() def Printmap(): tdefault() t.penup() t.goto(0,-300) t.pendown() t.color(0,1,0) t.begin_fill() t.circle(300) t.end_fill() def turtleDistance(x,y): tdefault() t.penup() t.goto(x,y) return t.distance(0,0) def isrange(x,y): tdefault() t.penup() for i,j in plantArray: if abs(i-x)<50 and abs(j-y)<50: t.goto(i,j) if t.distance(x,y)<20: return 1 return 0 def setPlant(): tdefault() index=0 x=random.randrange(-300,300) y=random.randrange(-300,300) for _ in range(10): while 270<=turtleDistance(x,y) or [x,y] in plantArray or isrange(x,y): x=random.randrange(-300,300) y=random.randrange(-300,300) plantArray.append([x,y]) t.goto(x,y) t.pendown() t.color(1,0,0) t.begin_fill() t.circle(7) t.end_fill() print(index+1,":plant planted") index+=1 Printmap() setPlant() FRAMERATE=100000 setkey=int(input("[1]방치 [2]선택적 보존(관람객 허용) [3]전적 보존(관람객 불가)")) if setkey==1: die=0.1 grow=0.9 if setkey==2: die=0.25 grow=0.7 if setkey==3: die=0.4 grow=0.5 for runtime in range(FRAMERATE): appendArray=[] deleteArray=[] print("FRAME:::",runtime,"FOR_NUM:::",len(plantArray)) line = '%d %d'%(runtime,len(plantArray)) file.write(line) if runtime%10==1: print("winter") for x,y in plantArray: if random.random()>0.5: pgrow=random.random() pdie=random.random() if runtime%10==1: pgrow=1 pdie-=0.05 if pdie<die: tdefault() t.penup() t.goto(x,y) t.color(0,1,0) t.begin_fill() t.circle(7) t.end_fill() deleteArray.append([x,y]) elif pgrow<grow: tdefault() xx=random.randrange(0,31)-15 yy=random.randrange(0,31)-15 t.penup() t.goto(xx+x,yy+y) if [xx+x,y+yy] not in plantArray and 300>t.distance(0,0): tdefault() t.penup() t.goto(x+xx,y+yy) appendArray.append([x+xx,y+yy]) t.color(1,0,0) t.begin_fill() t.circle(7) t.end_fill() for x,y in appendArray: if [x,y] not in plantArray: plantArray.append([x,y]) for x,y in deleteArray: del plantArray[plantArray.index([x,y])]
# The prime factors of 13195 are 5, 7, 13 and 29. # What is the largest prime factor of the number 600851475143 ? def is_prime(number): if number <= 1: return False elif number <= 3: return True elif (number % 2 == 0) or (number % 3 == 0): return False i = 5 while i * i <= number: if (number % i == 0) or (number % (i+2) == 0): return False i = i + 6 return True def find_largest_p_factor(number): # we will assume the number is odd for simplicity's sake factor_to_test = 1 current_candidate = factor_to_test while factor_to_test * factor_to_test < number: # print(factor_to_test) if number % factor_to_test == 0: # first test if number is a factor at all complement = number // factor_to_test # print(factor_to_test) # print("complement: " + str(complement)) if is_prime(complement): return complement elif is_prime(factor_to_test) and (factor_to_test > current_candidate): current_candidate = factor_to_test factor_to_test += 2 # ignore all even numbers as possible factors return current_candidate def main(): # print(is_prime(600851475143)) print(find_largest_p_factor(600851475143)) if __name__ == "__main__": main()
fahrenheit = float(input("Digite o valor em Graus Celsius para a Conversão : ")) celsius = 5 * (fahrenheit-32)/9 print ("O seu valor convertido de {} fahrenheit para Celsius foi de : {}".format(fahrenheit,celsius))
# import Tkinter as tk # Python 2 import tkinter as tk # Python 3 root = tk.Tk() # The image must be stored to Tk or it will be garbage collected. root.image = tk.PhotoImage(file='startup.gif') label = tk.Label(root, image=root.image, bg='white') root.overrideredirect(True) root.geometry("+850+250") # root.lift() T = tk.Text(root, height=2, width=40, fg='yellow') T.pack() T.insert(tk.END, "Just a text Widget\nin two lines\n") # root.wm_attributes("-topmost", True) # root.wm_attributes("-disabled", True) # root.wm_attributes("-transparentcolor", "white") # label.pack() # label.mainloop() T.pack() T.insert(tk.END, "Just a text Widget\nin two lines\n") tk.mainloop()
def countdown(num): if num <= 0: print('카운트다운을 하려면 0보다 큰 입력이 필요합니다.') else: for i in range(num,0,-1): print(i) countdown(0) countdown(10)
import sys input=sys.stdin.readline words=input().strip() ans=0 for word in words: if word=='A' or word=='B' or word=='C': ans+=3 elif word=='D' or word=='E' or word=='F': ans+=4 elif word=='G' or word=='H' or word=='I': ans+=5 elif word=='J' or word=='K' or word=='L': ans+=6 elif word=='O' or word=='M' or word=='N': ans+=7 elif word=='R' or word=='Q' or word=='P' or word=='S': ans+=8 elif word=='T' or word=='U' or word=='V': ans+=9 elif word=='Z' or word=='Y' or word=='W' or word =='X': ans+=10 print(ans)
word=input() if 65<=ord(word)<=90: print('{}(ASCII: {}) => {}(ASCII: {})'.format(word,ord(word),chr(ord(word)+32),ord(word)+32)) elif 97<=ord(word)<=122: #ord string 아스키 10진수로 print('{}(ASCII: {}) => {}(ASCII: {})'.format(word,ord(word),chr(ord(word)-32),ord(word)-32)) else: print(word)
import sys input = sys.stdin.readline def make_it(word): global is_pattern if not word: # 빈 문자열이 됐다면 제대로 된 패턴임 is_pattern = True return if word.startswith("01"): # 01로 시작할 때 make_it(word[2:]) elif word.startswith("100"): # 100으로 시작할 때 i = 3 while i < len(word) and word[i] == "0": # 1이 나올때까지 i+1 i += 1 if i == len(word): # 1이나오지 않고 끝나게 되면 return(1은 무조건 한번 이상 나와야 하기때문) return j = i while j < len(word) and word[j] == "1": # 0이 나올때까지 j+1 j += 1 if j == len(word) or j-i == 1: # 0이 안나왔거나 1이 한번만 나온경우 재귀 ㄱㄱ make_it(word[j:]) # 100100 인 경우때문에 1이 한번만 나온 경우를 따로 분리함 elif j == len(word)-1: # 10010 인 경우 때문 return else: word = word[j:] if word[1] == "0": word = "1" + word # 1001101 과 1001100 두 경우를 나누기 위함 make_it(word) t = int(input()) ans = [] for _ in range(t): word = input().strip() is_pattern = False make_it(word) if is_pattern: ans.append("YES") else: ans.append("NO") print("\n".join(ans))
a=input() dict1={} for i in a: if i in dict1: dict1[i]+=1 else: dict1[i]=1 for key,value in dict1.items(): print("{},{}".format(key,value))
beer = {'하이트': 2000, '카스': 2100, '칭따오': 2500, '하이네켄': 4000, '버드와이저': 500} print(beer,' # 인상 전') beer = {key:value*1.05 for key,value in beer.items()} print(beer,' # 인상 후')
def find(x): if parents[x]==x: return x else: y=find(parents[x]) parents[x]=y return y def union(x,y): root1=find(x) root2=find(y) if root1!=root2: parents[root2]=root1 V,E=map(int,input().split()) dist=[] parents=[i for i in range(V+1)] for _ in range(E): a,b,c=map(int,input().split()) dist.append([c,a,b]) dist.sort(key=lambda x:x[0]) mst_cost=0 cnt=0 for val,s,e in dist: if find(s) != find(e): union(s,e) mst_cost += val cnt+=1 if cnt==V-1:break print(mst_cost)
def solution(numbers, hand): answer = '' left=[0]*8 right=[0]*10 left_num=0 right_num=0 for num in numbers: if num==1 or num==4 or num==7: left_num=num answer+='L' elif num==3 or num==6 or num==9: right_num=num answer+='R' else: pass return answer
# coding=utf8 import copy import random # 冒泡排序 时间复杂度:O(n2) def bubbleSort(arr): pass # 选择排序 时间复杂度:O(n2) def selectSort(arr): pass # 插入排序 时间复杂度:最优O(n) 最差O(n2) 不稳定 def insertSort(arr): if len(arr) < 2 or arr is None: return for i in range(len(arr)): for j in range(i, 0, -1): if (j > 0 and arr[j] < arr[j - 1]): temp = arr[j] arr[j] = arr[j - 1] arr[j - 1] = temp return arr # 生成一组随机数组 def generateRandomArray(maxSize, maxValue): return [random.randint(0, maxValue) for i in range(maxSize)] # 默认排序方式 def comparator(arr): arr.sort() # 使用对数器的方式检测排序是否ok if __name__ == '__main__': testTimes = 1000 maxSize = 100 maxValue = 100 succeed = True for i in range(testTimes): arr1 = generateRandomArray(maxSize, maxValue) arr2 = copy.deepcopy(arr1) insertSort(arr1) comparator(arr2) if (arr1 != arr2): succeed = False print(arr1) print(arr2) break print("Nice" if succeed else "Error") a1 = generateRandomArray(maxSize, maxValue) print(a1) insertSort(a1) print(a1)
#import math module import math #while loop while True: #print the user option print("\nchoose the operation.\n\n0-add\n1-sub\n2-mul\n3-div\n4-modulo\n5-power\n6-square root\n7-log\n8-sine\n9-cosine\n10-tangent") #opiton selection oper=input("\nYour option") #add if oper=="0": v1 = float(input("\nFirst value: ")) v2 = float(input("\nSecond value: ")) print("\nthe result is :" +str(v1+v2)+"\n") #go back to main menu or exit back = input("\ngo back to the menu (y/n)") if back == "y": continue else: break #sub elif oper=="1": v1 = float(input("\nFirst value: ")) v2 = float(input("\nSecond value: ")) print("\nthe result is :" +str(v1-v2)+"\n") #go back to main menu or exit back = input("\ngo back to the menu (y/n)") if back == "y": continue else: break #mul elif oper=="2": v1 = float(input("\nFirst value: ")) v2 = float(input("\nSecond value: ")) print("\nthe result is :" +str(v1*v2)+"\n") #go back to main menu or exit back = input("\ngo back to the menu (y/n)") if back == "y": continue else: break #div elif oper=="3": v1 = float(input("\nFirst value: ")) v2 = float(input("\nSecond value: ")) print("\nthe result is :" +str(v1/v2)+"\n") #go back to main menu or exit back = input("\ngo back to the menu (y/n)") if back == "y": continue else: break #modulo elif oper=="4": v1 = float(input("\nFirst value: ")) v2 = float(input("\nSecond value: ")) print("\nthe result is :" +str(v1%v2)+"\n") #go back to main menu or exit back = input("\ngo back to the menu (y/n)") if back == "y": continue else: break #power elif oper=="5": v1 = float(input("\nFirst value: ")) v2 = float(input("\nSecond value: ")) print("\nthe result is :" +str(math.pow(v1,v2))+"\n") #go back to main menu or exit back = input("\ngo back to the menu (y/n)") if back == "y": continue else: break #sqrt elif oper=="6": v1 = float(input("\nEnter the value for square root: ")) print("\nthe result is :" +str(math.sqrt(v1))+"\n") #go back to main menu or exit back = input("\ngo back to the menu (y/n)") if back == "y": continue else: break #log elif oper=="7": v1 = float(input("\enter the value: ")) print("\nthe value for log base :" +str(math.log(v1,2))+"\n") #go back to main menu or exit back = input("\ngo back to the menu (y/n)") if back == "y": continue else: break #sine elif oper=="8": v1 = float(input("\nenter the value(in degree): ")) print("\nthe value for sin :" +str(math.sin(math.radians(v1)))+"\n") #go back to main menu or exit back = input("\ngo back to the menu (y/n)") if back == "y": continue else: break #cos elif oper=="9": v1 = float(input("\nenter the value(in degree): ")) print("\nthe value for cos :" +str(math.cos(math.radians(v1)))+"\n") #go back to main menu or exit back = input("\ngo back to the menu (y/n)") if back == "y": continue else: break #tan elif oper=="10": v1 = float(input("\nenter the value(in degree): ")) print("\nthe value for tan :" +str(math.tan(math.radians(v1)))+"\n") #go back to main menu or exit back = input("\ngo back to the menu (y/n)") if back == "y": continue else: break #handling invalid input else: print("\nInvalid option!\n") continue #end of pgm
#!/bin/python3 # Link: https://www.hackerrank.com/challenges/py-if-else/problem import math import os import random import re import sys if __name__ == '__main__': n = int(input().strip()) if (n % 2 == 1): print('Weird') elif (n % 2 == 0 and n in range(2, 6, 1)): print('Not Weird') elif (n % 2 == 0 and n in range(6, 21, 1)): print('Weird') elif (n % 2 == 0 and n > 20): print('Not Weird')
import hashlib # https://www.hackerrank.com/challenges/python-tuples/problem if __name__ == '__main__': n = int(input()) integer_list = map(int, input().split()) mylist = tuple(integer_list) answer = 0 for x in range(0,n): answer = answer + mylist[x] answers= hash(mylist) print(answers)
''' very efficient! but need to cheat, sorted Time Complexity O(log_2 n) Space Complexity O(1) psudocode TODO 或許需要雙指標來跳出死回圈 middle = (len(input) + 1) // 2 if not middle: return false if middle > value_you_want: find the left if middle < value_you_want: find the right if middle == value_you_want: return middle ''' def binary_search(value_you_want: float, sordted_input_list: list) -> int: _length = len(sordted_input_list) mid = (_length + 1) // 2 while True: if mid == 0 or mid > _length: return -1 if sordted_input_list[mid] > value_you_want: mid = (mid + 0) // 2 elif sordted_input_list[mid] < value_you_want: mid = (mid + _length) // 2 else: return mid # def bsearch(l, value): # lo, hi = 0, len(l) - 1 # while lo <= hi: # mid = (lo + hi) / 2 # if l[mid] < value: # lo = mid + 1 # elif value < l[mid]: # hi = mid - 1 # else: # return mid # return -1 if __name__ == "__main__": sorted_input_list_1 = [5, 11, 12, 30, 44, 50, 57] print(binary_search(value_you_want=44, sordted_input_list=sorted_input_list_1)) print(binary_search(value_you_want=57, sordted_input_list=sorted_input_list_1)) print(binary_search(value_you_want=11, sordted_input_list=sorted_input_list_1)) print(binary_search(value_you_want=4, sordted_input_list=sorted_input_list_1)) print(binary_search(value_you_want=14, sordted_input_list=sorted_input_list_1)) print(binary_search(value_you_want=31, sordted_input_list=sorted_input_list_1))
import os.path def check_file(path): if os.path.isfile(path) == False: print ("File not exist") exit() def init(): f = open('translate.txt', 'r') big_text = f.read() parts = big_text.split('\n') f.close return parts def create_dictionary(parts): words=[] i=0 while i < len(parts): my_dict = {'english':parts[i], 'persian':parts[i+1]} words.append(my_dict) i += 2 return words def check_duplication(words, new_word, language): for i in range(len(words)): if words[i][language] == new_word: return True break else: return False def main(): check_file("translate.txt") print("1- Add new word") print("2- tranlate english2persian") print("3- translate persian2english") print("4- Exit") while (True): user_choice_index = int(input("\nPlease enter option#:")) if user_choice_index == 4: print("Good bye...") break elif user_choice_index == 1: en_word = input('english word:') if check_duplication(create_dictionary(init()), en_word,'english') == False: fa_word = input('farsi word:') f = open('translate.txt', 'a') f.write('\n') f.write(en_word) f.write('\n') f.write(fa_word) print('word added successfully') f.close() else: print('word is duplicate!!!') elif user_choice_index == 2: print('please enter your english text:') user_string = input() sentences = user_string.split('.') for s in sentences: user_words = s.split(' ') words = create_dictionary(init()) for j in range(len(user_words)): for i in range(len(words)): if words[i]['english'] == user_words[j]: print(words[i]['persian'], end=' ') break else: print(user_words[j], end=' ') print('.', end='') elif user_choice_index == 3: print('please enter your finglish text:') user_string = input() sentences = user_string.split('.') for s in sentences: user_words = s.split(' ') words = create_dictionary(init()) for j in range(len(user_words)): for i in range(len(words)): if words[i]['persian'] == user_words[j]: print(words[i]['english'], end=' ') break else: print(user_words[j], end=' ') print('.', end='') main()
# Create a class Ball. # Ball objects should accept one argument for "ball type" when instantiated. # If no arguments are given, ball objects should instantiate with a "ball type" of "regular." class Ball(object): def __init__(self, argument=None): self.ball_type = "regular" if argument != None: self.ball_type = "super"
# Створити батьківський клас Figure з методами __init__: ініціалізується колір, # get_color: повертає колір фігури, # info: надає інформацію про фігуру та колір, # від якого наслідуються такі класи як Rectangle, # Square, які мають інформацію про ширину, # висоту фігури, метод square, який знаходить площу фігури. class Figure: def __init__(self, color): self.color = color def get_color(self): return "The color of figure is {}".format(self.color) def info(self): return "This is figure - and the color of figure is {}".format(self.color) class Rectangle(Figure): def __init__(self, color): Figure.__init__(self, color) self.a = float(input("Enter height of rectangle: ")) self.b = float(input("Enter width of rectangle: ")) def square_of_rectangle(self): return "The S of rectangle = a * b = {}".format(self.a * self.b) class Square(Figure): def __init__(self, color): Figure.__init__(self, color) self.a = float(input("Enter side of square: ")) def sguare_of_square(self): return "The S of square = a ** 2 = {}".format(self.a ** 2) f = Figure("black") print(f.info()) print(f.get_color()) rect = Rectangle("black") print(rect.square_of_rectangle()) sqr = Square("white") print(sqr.sguare_of_square())
# Write a program that finds the summation # of every number from 1 to num. # The number will always be a positive integer greater than 0. def summation(num): numbers = [] for i in range(1, num + 1): numbers.append(i) return sum(numbers)
r=float(input("enter radius")) import math area=math.pi*r**2 print(area)
#!/usr/local/bin/python3.9 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # write program to convert temperatures to and from celsius,fahrenheit #temperature = int(input("saisir une temperature :") #degre = str(input("indiquer si la temperature rentrée est en C (celsius) ou F (fahrenheit)")) #définition des fonctions de conversion def cel_far(): temperatureC = int(input("saisir une temperature :")) conversionF = int(9 * temperatureC / 5 + 32) print(temperatureC,"°C is", conversionF, "in Fahrenheit") #test #cel_far(60) def far_cel(): temperatureF = int(input("saisir une temperature :")) conversionC = int((temperatureF - 32) / 9 *5) print(temperatureF,"°F is", conversionC, "in Celsius") #test #far_cel(45) #main program while True: choix = input("\n1: °C to °F\n2: °F to °C\nq : quit\n> ") if choix == "q": quit() elif choix == "1": cel_far() elif choix == "2": far_cel() else: print("Input error")
menu = {} print("""----order---- 1: Add item 2: Remove item 3: View order 4: Cancel order """) option = int(input("Enter an option: ")) while option != 0: if option == 1: item = input("Enter an item: ") price = int(input("Enter the price: ")) menu[item] = price elif option == 2: item = input("Enter an item: ") del(menu[item]) elif option == 3: for item in menu: print(item, ":", menu[item]) elif option != 0: print("You didn't enter a valid number.") option = int(input("\n\nEnter an Option: ")) else: print("Order canceled! Have a nice day.")
import argparse import math import marble_path """ Produces the bottom part of a limacon curve, specifically, the loop. The defaults produce a nice looking curve. python generate_limacon.py The hole can be generated as follows: python generate_limacon.py --tube_radius 10.5 --wall_thickness 11 --tube_start_angle 0 --tube_end_angle 360 There are parameters to make the limacon stretched in different directions. """ def limacon_derivative(theta, x_scale, y_scale, a, b): # x(t) = math.cos(theta) * (a - b * math.cos(theta)) # y(t) = math.sin(theta) * (a - b * math.cos(theta)) # derivatives are fun! # x(t) = -math.sin(theta) * (a - b * math.cos(theta)) + b * math.cos(theta) * math.sin(theta) # y(t) = math.cos(theta) * (a - b * math.cos(theta)) + b * math.sin(theta) * math.sin(theta) # and then of course we scale it by x_scale, y_scale return (x_scale * (-math.sin(theta) * (a - b * math.cos(theta)) + b * math.cos(theta) * math.sin(theta)), y_scale * ( math.cos(theta) * (a - b * math.cos(theta)) + b * math.sin(theta) * math.sin(theta))) def get_normal_rotation(theta, x_scale, y_scale, a, b): # there is a discontinuity in the derivative at theta = 0.0 # fortunately, we know it will be heading south at that point if theta == 0.0: return 180 dx, dy = limacon_derivative(theta, x_scale, y_scale, a, b) rotation = math.asin(dx / (dx ** 2 + dy ** 2) ** 0.5) if dx > 0 and dy > 0: # this gives us a negative rotation, meaning to the right rotation = -rotation elif dx > 0 and dy < 0: rotation = rotation + math.pi elif dx < 0 and dy > 0: rotation = -rotation else: # dx < 0 and dy < 0 rotation = rotation + math.pi return rotation * 180 / math.pi def generate_limacon(args): # the domain of the limacon will be -domain_size to +domain_size domain_size = args.domain_size min_time = -domain_size time_step_width = (domain_size * 2) / (args.time_steps) def theta_t(time_step): return min_time + time_step_width * time_step def x_t(time_step): theta = theta_t(time_step) r = args.constant_factor - args.cosine_factor * math.cos(theta) return math.cos(theta) * r def y_t(time_step): theta = theta_t(time_step) r = args.constant_factor - args.cosine_factor * math.cos(theta) return math.sin(theta) * r min_y = min(y_t(y) for y in range(0, args.time_steps+1)) max_y = max(y_t(y) for y in range(0, args.time_steps+1)) y_scale = args.length / (max_y - min_y) min_x = min(x_t(x) for x in range(0, args.time_steps+1)) max_x = max(x_t(x) for x in range(0, args.time_steps+1)) if args.width is None: x_scale = y_scale else: x_scale = args.width / (max_x - min_x) def scaled_x_t(time_step): return (x_t(time_step) - min_x) * x_scale def scaled_y_t(time_step): return (y_t(time_step) - min_y) * y_scale z_t = marble_path.arclength_height_function(scaled_x_t, scaled_y_t, args.time_steps, args.slope_angle) def r_t(time_step): theta = theta_t(time_step) return get_normal_rotation(theta, x_scale, y_scale, args.constant_factor, args.cosine_factor) print("Center of tube at time step 0: ", scaled_x_t(0), scaled_y_t(0)) print("Angle of tube: ", r_t(0)) for triangle in marble_path.generate_path(x_t=scaled_x_t, y_t=scaled_y_t, z_t=z_t, r_t=r_t, tube_args=args, num_time_steps=args.time_steps): yield triangle def balance_domain(constant_factor, cosine_factor): """ Given the parameters of the curve, find a theta for which the mass on both sides of the line between the endpoints is balanced. Calculation method is to sum x * m (approximated numerically) and return when sum(x * m) / m crosses x. We note that the theta where the x derivative is 0 is a good place to start looking for this crossing, since it is impossible to be balanced before then. -math.sin(theta) * (a - b * math.cos(theta)) + b * math.cos(theta) * math.sin(theta) = 0 -> drop the sin, since this will not be theta = 0 or theta = pi -a + 2b * math.cos(theta) = 0 math.cos(theta) = a/2b theta = math.acos(a/2b) As an approximation, we treat the tube as a point mass, although this changes the effect of the tube. return value is theta, in radians """ mass = 0.0 torque = 0.0 theta = math.acos(constant_factor / 2.0 / cosine_factor) for i in range(math.floor(math.pi * 2 * 1000)): t = i / 1000 x1 = math.cos(t) * (constant_factor - cosine_factor * math.cos(t)) x2 = math.cos(t+0.001) * (constant_factor - cosine_factor * math.cos(t + 0.001)) y1 = math.cos(t) * (constant_factor - cosine_factor * math.cos(t)) y2 = math.cos(t+0.001) * (constant_factor - cosine_factor * math.cos(t + 0.001)) delta_mass = ((y2 - y1) ** 2 + (x2 - x1) ** 2) ** 0.5 mass = mass + delta_mass torque = torque + x1 * delta_mass if t > theta and torque / mass > x1: print("Balanced at t =", t) return t raise ValueError("Could not find balance point!") def parse_args(sys_args=None): parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='Arguments for an stl limacon. Graph of r = a - b cos(theta)') marble_path.add_tube_arguments(parser, default_slope_angle=12.0, default_output_name='limacon.stl') parser.add_argument('--constant_factor', default=1, type=float, help='The a in the "a - b cos(theta)"') parser.add_argument('--cosine_factor', default=2, type=float, help='The b in the "a - b cos(theta)"') parser.add_argument('--time_steps', default=200, type=int, help='How refined to make the limacon') parser.add_argument('--length', default=134, type=float, help='Distance from one end to the other, ignoring the tube') parser.add_argument('--width', default=None, type=float, help='Distance from left to right, ignoring the tube. If None, the curve will be scaled to match the length') parser.add_argument('--domain_size', default=1.806, type=float, help='Theta goes from -domain_size to domain_size') parser.add_argument('--auto_domain', dest='auto_domain', default=True, action='store_true', help='Dynamically calculate the domain by trying to balance the torque') parser.add_argument('--no_auto_domain', dest='auto_domain', action='store_false', help="Don't dynamically calculate the domain by trying to balance the torque") parser.set_defaults(tube_start_angle=-60) args = parser.parse_args(args=sys_args) if args.cosine_factor == 1.0: raise ValueError("Sorry, but b=1.0 causes a discontinuity in the derivative") if args.cosine_factor == 0.0: raise ValueError("Consider using generate_helix if you just want a circle") if args.cosine_factor < 0.0: raise ValueError("You can simply mirror the resulting curve and set cosine_factor > 0.0") if args.cosine_factor < 1.0: raise ValueError("0.0<b<1.0 not implemented yet") if args.auto_domain: args.domain_size = balance_domain(args.constant_factor, args.cosine_factor) return args def main(sys_args=None): args = parse_args(sys_args) marble_path.print_args(args) marble_path.write_stl(generate_limacon(args), args.output_name) if __name__ == '__main__': main()
import argparse import math import marble_path def calculate_slope_angle(helix_radius, vertical_displacement): """ tube_radius is adjacent, vertical_displacement is opposite returns asin in degrees this is the slope of the ramp """ helix_distance = helix_radius * math.pi * 2 slope_distance = (helix_distance ** 2 + vertical_displacement ** 2) ** 0.5 # currently in radians slope_angle = math.asin(vertical_displacement / slope_distance) return slope_angle / math.pi * 180 def helix_x_t(args): num_helix_subdivisions = math.ceil(args.rotations * args.helix_sides) if args.clockwise: def x_t(helix_subdivision): helix_angle = args.initial_rotation - 360 / args.helix_sides * helix_subdivision - 180 r_x_disp = args.helix_radius * math.cos(helix_angle / 180 * math.pi) # helix_radius + tube_radius so that everything is positive return args.helix_radius + args.tube_radius + r_x_disp else: def x_t(helix_subdivision): helix_angle = 360 / args.helix_sides * helix_subdivision + args.initial_rotation r_x_disp = args.helix_radius * math.cos(helix_angle / 180 * math.pi) # helix_radius + tube_radius so that everything is positive return args.helix_radius + args.tube_radius + r_x_disp return x_t def helix_y_t(args): num_helix_subdivisions = math.ceil(args.rotations * args.helix_sides) if args.clockwise: def y_t(helix_subdivision): helix_angle = args.initial_rotation - 360 / args.helix_sides * helix_subdivision - 180 r_y_disp = args.helix_radius * math.sin(helix_angle / 180 * math.pi) # helix_radius + tube_radius so that everything is positive return args.helix_radius + args.tube_radius + r_y_disp else: def y_t(helix_subdivision): helix_angle = 360 / args.helix_sides * helix_subdivision + args.initial_rotation r_y_disp = args.helix_radius * math.sin(helix_angle / 180 * math.pi) # helix_radius + tube_radius so that everything is positive return args.helix_radius + args.tube_radius + r_y_disp return y_t def helix_r_t(args): if args.clockwise: def r_t(helix_subdivision): helix_angle = args.initial_rotation - 360 / args.helix_sides * helix_subdivision return helix_angle % 360.0 else: def r_t(helix_subdivision): helix_angle = 360 / args.helix_sides * helix_subdivision + args.initial_rotation return helix_angle % 360.0 return r_t def generate_helix(args): """ helix_radius is the measurement from the axis to the center of any part of the ramp tube_radius is the measurement from the center of ramp to its outer wall wall_thickness is how thick to make the wall special case: if wall_thickness >= tube_radius, there is no inner opening tube_start_angle and tube_end_angle represent which part of the ramp to draw. 0 represents the part furthest from the axis 180 represents the part closest to the axis 0..180 covers the bottom of the arc. for the top, for example, do 180..0 special case: if 0..360 or any rotation of that is supplied, the entire circle is drawn tube_sides is how many sides a complete tube would have. tube_start_angle and tube_end_angle are discretized to these subdivisions helix_sides is how many sides a complete helix rotation has vertical_displacement is how far to move up in one complete rotation tube_radius*2 means the next layer will be barely touching the previous layer rotations is how far around to go. will be discretized using helix_sides """ num_helix_subdivisions = math.ceil(args.rotations * args.helix_sides) print("Num helix: {}".format(num_helix_subdivisions)) if num_helix_subdivisions <= 0: raise ValueError("Must complete some positive fraction of a rotation") x_t = helix_x_t(args) y_t = helix_y_t(args) r_t = helix_r_t(args) def z_t(helix_subdivision): # tube_radius included again to keep everything positive # negative sign in slope is on account of the decision that positive slope means down return args.tube_radius - math.sin(args.slope_angle / 180 * math.pi) * 2 * math.pi * args.helix_radius * helix_subdivision / args.helix_sides for triangle in marble_path.generate_path(x_t=x_t, y_t=y_t, z_t=z_t, r_t=r_t, tube_args=args, num_time_steps=num_helix_subdivisions): yield triangle def parse_args(sys_args=None): # TODO: add an argument which does the math for rotations if you give it the angle of helix you want, for example parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='Arguments for an stl helix.') marble_path.add_tube_arguments(parser, default_slope_angle=2.0, default_output_name='helix.stl') parser.add_argument('--helix_radius', default=19, type=float, help='measurement from the axis to the center of any part of the ramp') parser.add_argument('--helix_sides', default=64, type=int, help='how many sides it takes to go around the axis once') parser.add_argument('--vertical_displacement', default=None, type=float, help='how far to move up in one complete rotation. tube_radius*2 means the next layer will be barely touching the previous layer') parser.add_argument('--rotations', default=1, type=float, help='rotations is how far around to go. will be discretized using helix_sides') parser.add_argument('--initial_rotation', default=0, type=float, help='How much to offset the rotation of the helix curve') parser.add_argument('--clockwise', dest='clockwise', default=False, action='store_true', help='Rotate clockwise. Note that rotating clockwise will make the initial rotation start from the left side of the helix') parser.add_argument('--counterclockwise', dest='clockwise', action='store_false', help="Rotate counterclockwise") args = parser.parse_args(sys_args) if args.vertical_displacement is not None: # slope_angle is the angle of the slope as it goes up the spiral # faces will be tilted this much to allow better connections with # the next piece slope_angle = calculate_slope_angle(args.helix_radius, args.vertical_displacement) print("Derived slope angle:", slope_angle) args.slope_angle = slope_angle return args def main(sys_args=None): args = parse_args(sys_args) marble_path.print_args(args) marble_path.write_stl(generate_helix(args), args.output_name) if __name__ == '__main__': main()
sum=0 num=0 while num<15: num1=int(input("enter the number")) sum=sum+num1 num=num+1 print("average is",sum/15)
""" Project Euler Problem 2 Each new term in the Fibonacci sequence is generated by adding the previous two terms. By starting with 1 and 2, the first 10 terms will be: 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89, ... By considering the terms in the Fibonacci sequence whose values do not exceed four million, find the sum of the even-valued terms. """ import time fibonacci_list = [1] sum_of_fibonacci = 0 t0 = time.time() for i, e in enumerate(fibonacci_list): fibonacci_list.append(fibonacci_list[i] + fibonacci_list[i - 1]) # O(n) if e % 2 == 0: sum_of_fibonacci = sum_of_fibonacci + e if 4000000 < e: break t1 = time.time() print(t1 - t0) print(sum_of_fibonacci)
import time import math n = 2000000 counter = 2 sum_of_primes = 0 def is_prime(prime): for i in range(2, int(math.sqrt(prime)) + 1): if prime % i == 0: return False return True t0 = time.time() while True: if is_prime(counter): sum_of_primes += counter if counter == n: break counter += 1 t1 = time.time() print(t1 - t0) print(sum_of_primes)
import streamlit as st import numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import math st.write("# Hello") x = 1000 x """ # Docstrings get rendered as markdown * markdown is simplfied HTML * to get some examples: [visit stackedit.io](https://stackedit.io) """ st.sidebar.header("Sidebar") st.sidebar.selectbox(label = "Choose one...", options = ["Eeeny", "Meeny", "Miny", "Mo"]) y = np.random.standard_normal(10000) st.line_chart(y) scale_hist = np.array(range(0,1500, 250)) fig, (axes1,axes2) = plt.subplots(2,1, figsize=(2,2)) axes1.set_yticks(scale_hist) axes1.set_yticklabels(scale_hist, fontsize=3) axes1.set_xticks(list(range(-3,4,1))) axes1.set_xticklabels(list(range(-3,4,1)), fontsize=3) axes1.hist(y, bins = 25, edgecolor = 'w') axes2.plot(y.cumsum()) y_max = math.ceil(max(y.cumsum())/ 10) * 10 y_min = min(y.cumsum())// 10 * 10 axes2.set_yticks(np.linspace(y_min,y_max,11)) axes2.set_yticklabels(np.linspace(y_min,y_max,11), fontsize= 3) axes2.set_xticklabels("", fontsize = 3) y_max y_min st.pyplot(fig) st.line_chart(y.cumsum())
""" Author: Mark Frydenberg Description: text file examples """ REGFILE = "registration.txt" def linebyline(): print("Line By Line") # print all the records in the file within range specified lowAge = int(input("Enter the lower age :")) highAge = int(input("Enter the upper age: ")) # find all the people in the file whose ages are in the range above f = open(REGFILE, 'r') # open file for read done = False while not done: line = f.readline() if line == "": # end of file done = True continue record = line.split("|") name = record[0] addr = record[1] city = record[2] state = record[3] zip = record[4] age = int(record[5]) if lowAge <= age <= highAge: print(f"{name:20s}\t{age:3d}") f.close() # input files don't need to be closed explicitly def filetolist(): print("Read File to List of Strings") lowAge = int(input("Enter the lower age :")) highAge = int(input("Enter the upper age: ")) f = open(REGFILE, 'r') # open file for read ftext = f.read() # read the entire file into a string print(ftext) f.close() lines = ftext.split("\n") # split the file at new line characters first = True # skip the header row in the file for line in lines: if first: first = False #skip the first line continue if line == "": # end of file break else: record = line.split("|") name = record[0] addr = record[1] city = record[2] state = record[3] zip = record[4] age = int(record[5]) if lowAge <= age <= highAge: print(f"{name:20s}\t{age:3d}") def modifyfile(): print("Modify File") years = int(input("Enter years to add to each age: ")) f = open(REGFILE, 'r') # open file for read ftext = f.read() # read the entire file into a string f.close() lines = ftext.split("\n") # split the file at new line characters f = open(REGFILE, "w") for line in lines: if line == "": # end of file break else: record = line.split("|") name = record[0] addr = record[1] city = record[2] state = record[3] zip = record[4] age = int(record[5]) age += years # you could do it this way # newLine = name + "|" + addr + "|" + city + "|" + \ # state + "|" + zip + "|" + str(age) + "\n" # but this is a good use of the join method with a list listItems = [name, addr, city, state, zip, str(age)] newLine = "|".join(listItems) + "\n" # create the new line to write f.write(newLine) f.close() done = False while not done: choice = input(""" 1 Read File Line By Line 2 Read File to String 3 Modify File 4 Print File with Line Numbers (to be filled in by you) 5 Write Matching Records to a New File (to be filled in by you) Q Quit Enter choice:""") if choice == "1": linebyline() elif choice == "2": filetolist() elif choice == "3": modifyfile() elif choice == "Q": print("Quit. Thank you.") done = True else: print("Enter a valid choice.")
# The plot server must be running import numpy as np from bokeh.plotting import * x = np.linspace(-7, 7, 100) y = np.sin(x) # Go to http://localhost:5006/bokeh to view this plot output_server("color example") hold(True) scatter(x,y, tools="pan,zoom,resize") scatter(x,2*y, tools="pan,zoom,resize") scatter(x,3*y, color="green", tools="pan,zoom,resize") figure() plot(x,y, points=True, radius=2, tools="pan,zoom,resize,select") plot(x,2*y, points=False) plot(x,3*y, points=True, color="green", radius=2)
height = int(input("Please enter your height in inches: ")) age = int(input("Please enter your age in years: ")) can_ride_rollercoaster = height > 48 and age >= 10 if can_ride_rollercoaster: print("Welcome aboard the Iron Dragon") print("Please keep your hands an feed inside the coaster at all times") else: print("Sorry, but you cannot ride this ride") if height <= 48 and age < 10: print("Please visit the kids park by the food court") elif height <= 48: print("You are too short to be safe on this ride") elif age < 10: print("You are too young to ride this ride") else: print("Something went wrong...")
#!/usr/bin/python ''' Stage II: Needle in a haystack ================================ Next, let’s check your skills for working with collections. We’re going to send you a dictionary with two values and keys. The first value, needle, is a string. The second value, haystack, is an array of strings. You’re going to tell the API where the needle is in the array. ''' import requests import json url = 'http://challenge.code2040.org/api/haystack' data = '{"token": "24DVHp6MNU"}' needleRequests=requests.post(url, data=data) hay = json.loads(needleRequests.text) ''' Both haystack and needle have the same dictionary key.In order to access the values of the haystack array and the needle array I used the .get method. ''' stack = hay["result"].get("haystack") needle = str(hay["result"].get("needle")) #turned needle value into a string so with will be easy to search the array needleLoca =0 for s in stack: #loop through the haystack array if needle in str(s): needleLoca = stack.index(s) key1={"needle": needleLoca, "token":"24DVHp6MNU"} key=json.dumps(key1) reversePost2 = requests.post('http://challenge.code2040.org/api/validateneedle', data=key) reversePost2.text
if input("Is de kaas geel? (J/N) : ") == 'J': if input("zitten er gaten in? (J/N) : ") == 'J': if input("Is de kaas blechelijk duur? (J/N) : ") == 'J': print("Emmenthaler") else: print("Leerdammer") else: if input("Is de kaas hard als steen? (J/N) : ") == 'J': print("Pamigiano Reggiano") else: print("Goudse Kaas") else: if input ("Heeft de kaas blauwe schimmels? (J/N) : ") == 'J': if input ("Heeft de kaas een korst? (J/N) : ") == 'J': print("Blue de Rochbaron") else: print("Foume d'Ambert") else: if input ("Heeft de kaas een korst? (J/N) : ") == 'J': print("Camembert") else: print("Mozzerella")
class AdvancedArithmetic(object): def divisorSum(n): raise NotImplementedError class Calculator(AdvancedArithmetic): def divisorSum(self, n): i = 1 total = 0 while i <= n: if (n % i == 0): total += i i += 1 return total # n = int(input()) # my_calculator = Calculator() # s = my_calculator.divisorSum(n) # print("I implemented: " + type(my_calculator).__bases__[0].__name__) # print(s)
#!/usr/bin/env python3 ''' input: n, i, pv, pmt, fv calc: Financial functions return: dict and json ''' # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # Code styled according to pycodestyle # Code parsed, checked possible errors according to pyflakes and pylint import locale import json locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL, 'pt_BR.UTF-8') __author__ = "Marcos Aurelio Barranco" __copyright__ = "Copyright 2016, The MIT License (MIT)" __credits__ = ["Marcos Aurelio Barranco", ] __license__ = "MIT" __version__ = "2" __maintainer__ = "Marcos Aurelio Barranco" __email__ = "" __status__ = "Production" def logaritmo(periods): ''' Function to calcule ln, logarithm ''' return 1000 * ((periods ** (1 / 1000)) - 1) def main(n=0, i=0, pv=0, pmt=0, fv=0): ''' 1. to calculate "n" the followings are required: i, pv and fv to calculate "i" the followings are required: n, pv, and fv to calculate "PV" the followings are required: n, i, and fv to calculate "PMT" the followings are required: n, i and fv OR n, i and pv to calculate "FV" the followings are required: n, i and pv 2. The PV value should only be negative on the HP 12C because this calculator works with concept of cash flow and initial disbursement of cash flow is considered negative 3. The HP 12C rounds off the periods in months. HP 12 C --> FV=1.126.825,03, PV=1000000, i=1% n equal to 12 months 3.1. This function doesn't round it --> main(i=1, pv=1000000, fv=1126825.03) n equal to 12.000654059154352 months/days according to 3.1 you'll receive this one: 0 n 12.000654059154352 where: 0 is just the index inside the python dictionary n is Periods 12.000654059154352 is months/days 4. The calculations were double checked with the HP 12C Coded by Marcos Aurelio Barranco ''' dict_retorno = {} if i > 0 and pv > 0 and fv > 0: # n = Periods nCalc = logaritmo(fv / pv) / logaritmo(1 + (i / 100)) dict_retorno['n'] = nCalc if n > 0 and pv > 0 and fv > 0: # i = Interest rate iCalc = ((fv / pv)**(1 / n)) - 1 locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL, '') dict_retorno['i'] = iCalc * 100 if n > 0 and i > 0 and fv > 0: # PV = Present value pvCalc = fv / ((1 + (i / 100))**n) locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL, '') dict_retorno['PV'] = locale.currency( pvCalc, grouping=True, symbol=True) if n > 0 and i > 0 and fv > 0: # PMTFV_GT0 = Periodic Payment Amount when FV > 0 CalcUpFV = fv CalcDownFV = (i / 100) / (((1 + (i / 100))**n) - 1) pmtCalcFV = CalcUpFV * CalcDownFV dict_retorno['PMTFV_GT0'] = locale.currency( pmtCalcFV, grouping=True, symbol=True) if n > 0 and i > 0 and pv > 0: # PMTPV_GT0 = Periodic Payment Amount when PV > 0 CalcUpPV = pv CalcDownPV = (( (i / 100) * ((1 + (i / 100))**n)) / (((1 + (i / 100))**n) - 1)) pmtCalcPV = CalcUpPV * CalcDownPV dict_retorno['PMTPV_GT0'] = locale.currency( pmtCalcPV, grouping=True, symbol=True) if n > 0 and i > 0 and pv > 0: # Future value(FV) fvCalc = pv * ((1 + (i / 100))**n) locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL, '') dict_retorno['FV'] = locale.currency( fvCalc, grouping=True, symbol=True) json_retorno = json.dumps(dict_retorno, ensure_ascii=False) # dictionary and json return dict_retorno, json_retorno if __name__ == '__main__': try: dict_ret, json_ret = main(i=1, pv=1000000, fv=1126825) print(dict_ret) # Dict print(json_ret) # JSON for i, j in enumerate(dict_ret): # index, key, value print(i, j, dict_ret[j]) except Exception as err: raise Exception("ErrValFinFunc-1 : {0}".format(err))
from Command import Command from utils.Direction import Direction class DirectionHelper: """ Helper class that helps robot turn left or right """ @classmethod def turn(cls, current_direction: Direction, instruction: tuple[Command, int]) -> Direction: """ It uses robot`s current direction as base direction, and uses instruction to help the robot towards the right direction :param current_direction: :param instruction: :return: The right direction enum """ current_direction_enum_value = current_direction.value target_direction: Command = instruction[0] steps: int = instruction[1] if target_direction is Command.RIGHT: total_steps = current_direction_enum_value + steps final_direction_value = total_steps % 4 if final_direction_value == 0: return Direction(4) else: return Direction(final_direction_value) if target_direction is Command.LEFT: final_steps = current_direction_enum_value - steps if final_steps % 4 == 0: return Direction(4) # the left turn based on deduction of the direction enum. That if the final steps > 0 means # the final steps must fall into one of the direction enum values, so that would be the right # direction if final_steps > 0: return Direction(final_steps) # transfer the left turn to right turn. For example, if the current direction is East (enum val = 2), # the instruction is turn left 3 times, the final steps would be -1, it means we only need to turn right # once to get the final direction, South in this case. final_direction = current_direction_enum_value + (abs(final_steps)) % 4 return Direction(final_direction)
import random sc=0 ch=1 print(""" WELCOME TO THE FIRST EVER GAME BY SWAPNIL GARG, THIS IS THE ADDITION QUIZ, YOU CAN PLAY A GAME OF YOUR PREFERRED LENGTH AND VIEW YOUR FINAL SCORE AT THE END""") while ch==1: n=int(input("How long of a game you wish to play?")) r=0 while r<n: x=random.randint(1,100) y=random.randint(1,100) z=x+y print(x,"+",y,"=?") ans=int(input()) if ans==z: print("The answer is correct!") sc=sc+1 print("Current score is",sc) else: print("Sorry,The answer is wrong!") print("The correct answer is",z) sc=sc-1 print("Current score is",sc) r=r+1 print("Your final score is",sc,"out of",n) ch=int(input("Wanna play again,then press 1"))
#!/usr/bin/env python3 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- """ Created on Fri Nov 16 18:17:04 2018 @author: David """ #%% #from functools import reduce #def create_product(name,price): # return {"name":name, "price":price} def create_product(name,price): return {"name":name, "price":price} def print_cart(cart): print("Checkout:") for item in cart: print(item["name"], "price:", item["price"]) print("Total price:", checkout(cart)) def checkout(cart): total = 0 insurance_added = False priority_mail_added = False for item in cart: if item["name"] == "Insurance": if not insurance_added: total = total + item["price"] insurance_added = True elif item["name"] == "Priority mail": if not priority_mail_added: total = total + item["price"] priority_mail_added = True else: total = total + item["price"] return total ################ #def add_to_inventory (inventory,product): # return inventory + [product] guitar = create_product ("Guitar",1000) pick_box = create_product ("Pick box", 5) guitar_strings = create_product ("Guitar strings",10) insurance = create_product ("Insurance",5) priority_mail = create_product ("Priority mail",10) cart = [guitar,insurance,priority_mail,insurance, priority_mail] print_cart(cart) #cart_2= add_to_inventory (inventory_1,cart_2) #inventory = [ # {"name": "Guitar", # "price": 1000}, # {"name": "Pick box", # "price": 5}, # {"name": "Guitar strings", # "price": 10} # ]
var=[40,12,60,70,4,11] z=var[0] for x in var: if z > x : z=x print('The string is var:', z)
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt from pandas import read_csv import os # Load data data_path = os.path.join(os.getcwd(), "data/blood-pressure.txt") dataset = read_csv(data_path, delim_whitespace=True) # We have 30 entries in our dataset and four features. The first feature is the ID of the entry. # The second feature is always 1. The third feature is the age and the last feature is the blood pressure. # We will now drop the ID and One feature for now, as this is not important. dataset = dataset.drop(['ID', 'One'], axis=1) # And we will display this graph # %matplotlib inline dataset.plot.scatter(x='Age', y='Pressure') # Now, we will assume that we already know the hypothesis and it looks like a straight line h = lambda x: 84 + 1.24 * x # Let's add this line on the chart now ages = range(18, 85) estimated = [] for i in ages: estimated.append(h(i)) plt.plot(ages, estimated, 'b') plt.show()
import pandas as pd # Define function for cleaning dataframe def clean_lineups(df): """Removes the posistions from each of the lineups dataframes in order to better combine with the names from the batting/pitching stats dataframes""" positions = ['1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8','9'] pos_count = 0 for row in positions: # New data frame with split value columns new = df[positions[pos_count]].str.split("-", n = 1, expand = True) # Making separate name column from new data frame df[positions[pos_count]] = new[0] # Making separate position column from new data frame df["Position"]= new[1] df.drop(columns = 'Position') pos_count += 1 # Define function for cleaning Game column def clean_game_column(df): """Takes the 'Game' column in the lineups dataframe and splits teh date to make it easier to read and removes the final score""" new = df['0'].str.split(" ", n = 5, expand = True) df['Game Date'] = new[1] df['Opponent'] = new[3] df['Win Loss'] = new[4] new_date = df['Game Date'].str.split('/', n = 1, expand = True) df['Month'] = new_date[0] df['Date'] = new_date[1] new_month = df['Month'].str[3] df['Month'] = new_month
i=0 while i<10: if i%2==0: i=i+1 continue else: print(i) i=i+1:
import random correct = 'you guessed correctly!' too_low = 'too low' too_high = 'too high' min_range = 1 max_range = 100 def configure_range(): '''Set the high and low values for the random number''' while True: try: low = 0 while low <= min_range or low >= max_range: low = int(input("Enter low end of guessing range. Must be > {} and < {} \n".format(min_range, max_range))) break except ValueError: print("Did you enter a number?") while True: try: high = 0 while high >= 100 or high <= low: high = int(input("Enter high end of guessing range. must be > {} and < {} \n".format(low, max_range))) break except ValueError: print("Did you enter a number?") return low, high def generate_secret(low, high): '''Generate a secret number for the user to guess''' return random.randint(low, high) def get_guess(): '''get user's guess''' return int(input('Guess the secret number? ')) def check_guess(guess, secret): '''compare guess and secret, return string describing result of comparison''' if guess == secret: return correct if guess < secret: return too_low if guess > secret: return too_high def main(): #variable to track number of guesses made numOfGuesses = 0 (low, high) = configure_range() secret = generate_secret(low, high) while True: #add one every time a guess is made to track guesses numOfGuesses += 1 guess = get_guess() result = check_guess(guess, secret) print(result) #print number of guesses print('You have guessed ' + str(numOfGuesses) + ' times') if result == correct: break if __name__ == '__main__': option = input("\nPress Any Key To Start. Press Q To Quit.\n") while option.lower() != "q": main() menu = input("\nPlay Game? Press any Key. Press Q to Quit.\n") exit()
times = input("How many times do I have to tell you?") times = int(times) for times in range(times): print(f"time {times + 1}: CLEAN UP YOUR ROOM!!!")
#String Formatting name = "John" age = 23 print("%s is %d years old." % (name, age)) print ("%f" % age)
import re import sys def load_file(filepath): with open(filepath, "r", encoding="utf-8") as file: # first line is text text = file.readline().strip() # second line is word bank word_bank = file.readline().strip().split(" ") return text, word_bank def cut_words(text): """ cut text into words and non-words (delimiters + non-words before and after every word) search for words and save them, everything before and after those gets saved to non_words """ # add first empty string, so that after every word there comes a non_word -> easier to loop through words = [""] non_words = [] # gets shorter with every search current_text = text # find underlines or word chars match = re.search(r"(_|\w)+", current_text) # when there isn't a single word in the text if match is None: raise ValueError("No word found!") while match: # beginning index of word start = match.span(0)[0] # index directly after end of word end = match.span(0)[1] # non_word is part before word non_words.append(current_text[0:start]) # word itself words.append(current_text[start:end]) # remove just saved separator and word from current_text current_text = current_text[end:] # search for another word match = re.search(r"(_|\w)+", current_text) # save chars after last word as separator non_words.append(current_text) return words, non_words def does_match(word, possible_replacement): """ is possible_replacement able to replace incomplete_word? """ # does the length match? if len(word) != len(possible_replacement): return False # check every character for char_word, char_replacement in zip(word, possible_replacement): # when the current char in the replacement word is not unknown (isn't "_"), # it has to match with the current char of the word otherwise there is no chance of replaceability if char_word != "_" and char_word.upper() != char_replacement.upper(): return False return True def find_replacements(word, word_bank): """ find every word from the word bank that could replace the word """ # indices of possible replacements replacement_indices = [] # search through every word from the word bank for word_idx, possible_replacement in enumerate(word_bank): # when the current word can be used as a replacement if does_match(word, possible_replacement): # save replacement index replacement_indices.append(word_idx) return replacement_indices def replace_incomplete_words(words, word_bank): """ recursive function take incomplete words and a word bank and replace every word with a suitable replacement from the word bank """ # there are no words left to be replaced -> break recursion if len(words) == 0: return [] # result words result = [] # no blanks in the current word -> word is already complete if "_" not in words[0]: following_replacements = replace_incomplete_words(words[1:], word_bank) # when a solution (for every following word) can be found if following_replacements is not None: # save the word itself, and the following replacements result = [words[0]] + following_replacements hit = True else: hit = False else: # find replacements for the first word replacement_indices = find_replacements(words[0], word_bank) # True when at least one of the replacements doesn't produce any problems with the following words hit = False for replacement_idx in replacement_indices: # copy word bank so that the original list doesn't get altered current_word_bank = word_bank.copy() # save found replacement and remove it from the current bank replacement = current_word_bank.pop(replacement_idx) # execute this function without the first word and without the used replacement from the bank following_replacements = replace_incomplete_words(words[1:], current_word_bank) # when a solution (for every following word) with the used replacement can be found, break and return result if following_replacements is not None: result = [replacement] + following_replacements hit = True break if hit: return result else: # no solution can be found, even if there might be a suitable replacement for the first word return None def main(): if len(sys.argv) != 2: raise ValueError("Specify filepath of the input file!") text, word_bank = load_file(sys.argv[1]) words, non_words = cut_words(text) words = replace_incomplete_words(words, word_bank) if words is None: print("No solution could be found!") else: # print result, one word always comes before a separator for word, separator in zip(words, non_words): print(word, separator, sep="", end="") if __name__ == "__main__": main()
import re import sys class Student: """ representing a single student with references to their wished packages """ def __init__(self, number, wishes): self.number = number # tuple with one package number per wish (1st wish, 2nd wish...) self.wishes = wishes def __repr__(self): return f"id: {self.number}; wishes: {self.wishes}" class Package: """ representing a single package with references to all the students wanting this package """ def __init__(self, number, wishers): self.number = number # tuple with one list per wish (1st wish, 2nd wish...) with all the students (wishers) wanting this package self.wishers = wishers def __repr__(self): return f"id: {self.number}; wishers: {self.wishers}" class Selection: """ containing all the students and packages methods can assign students to packages in three different ways: 1. assign_all_cleanly: try to assign packages that are only wanted by a single student -> no package gets taken away from a different student wanting it the same way or more 2. assign_all_uncleanly: assign students to packages with taking packages away from students wanting it the same way leaving only completely unwanted packages 3. assign_all_dirtily: assign packages to students, including completely unwanted packages no packages or student stays unassigned """ def __init__(self, students, packages): if len(students) != len(packages): raise ValueError("The amount of students doesn't match the amount of packages!") # key: student number, value: Student instance self.students = students # key: package number, value: Package instance self.packages = packages # key: package number, value: student number self.assigned_students = {} self.amount_wishes = len(self.students[1].wishes) def __repr__(self): return f"{len(self.students)} students with {self.amount_wishes} wishes each; " \ f"{len(self.assigned_students)} students already have a package assigned to them" def get_unassigned_wishers(self, package_number, wish_id): """ get all the students wanting this package (according to wish_id) that aren't assigned yet """ # get Package object package = self.packages[package_number] # get all students having this package as their wish (according to wish_id) that aren't assigned return [wisher for wisher in package.wishers[wish_id] if wisher not in self.assigned_students.keys()] def assign(self, student_number, package_number): """ assign student to package """ if student_number in self.assigned_students.keys() or package_number in self.assigned_students.values(): raise ValueError("Trying to assign an already assigned student or an already assigned package!") self.assigned_students[student_number] = package_number def assign_package_if_possible(self, package_number, wish_id): """ recursive function (calling resolve_after_assignment) see if this package is only wanted by one student (according to wish_id) and then assign it return True when this is a package wanted by multiple students, else False """ # get unassigned wishers unassigned_wishers = self.get_unassigned_wishers(package_number, wish_id) # when only a single student wants this package, they get it if len(unassigned_wishers) == 1: this_student_number = unassigned_wishers[0] # assign this student to the wanted package if they aren't assigned yet if this_student_number not in self.assigned_students.keys(): self.assign(this_student_number, package_number) # see if that assignment resolved a problem with a more important wish # <- one student less to find a package for self.resolve_after_assignment(this_student_number, wish_id - 1) # when this package is wanted by multiple students elif len(self.packages[package_number].wishers[wish_id]) > 1: return True return False def resolve_after_assignment(self, student_number, wish_id): """ recursive function (calling itself and assign_package_if_possible) see if an assignment (student_number got assigned) resolved a problem with a more important wish (wish_id) """ # when this wish doesn't exists if wish_id < 0: return # now this package has one student less wanting it package_number = self.students[student_number].wishes[wish_id] # when this package is not assigned yet if package_number not in self.assigned_students.values(): # see if it can be assigned -> resolve even more problems if possible self.assign_package_if_possible(package_number, wish_id) # do the same with the next more important wish self.resolve_after_assignment(student_number, wish_id - 1) def assign_packages(self, wish_id, disallowed_packages): """ (cleanly) assign all packages that are wanted by only one student (according to wish_id) and check if that assignment solved a problem with a more important wish return all the packages that are wanted by multiple students """ # numbers of all packages wanted by multiple students highly_wanted_package = [] for package_number in self.packages.keys(): # don't try to assign this package if it is disallowed or already assigned if package_number not in disallowed_packages and package_number not in self.assigned_students.values(): # assign if possible is_highly_wanted = self.assign_package_if_possible(package_number, wish_id) # add this package if it is highly wanted if is_highly_wanted: highly_wanted_package.append(package_number) return highly_wanted_package def assign_all_cleanly(self): """ try to assign packages that are only wanted by a single student -> no package gets taken away from a different student wanting it the same way or more """ # these packages are wanted so much that less relevant wishes can't be used to assign it highly_wanted_packages = [] for wish_id in range(self.amount_wishes): # assign everything possible for this wish_id # and try to resolve as many problems in more important wishes as possible highly_wanted_packages += self.assign_packages(wish_id, highly_wanted_packages) def assign_all_uncleanly(self): """ go through all wishes and just assign the first student with their wished package -> other students wanting this package in the same way won't get it """ # go through all unassigned students for wish_id in range(self.amount_wishes): for student_number in self.students.keys(): if student_number in self.assigned_students.keys(): # this student is already assigned continue wished_package = self.students[student_number].wishes[wish_id] # just assign it if the package is not assigned yet if wished_package not in self.assigned_students.values(): self.assign(student_number, wished_package) def assign_all_dirtily(self): """ go through all unassigned students and unassigned packages and just assign with no regard to their wishes should only be used when there are only unwanted packages left to be assigned """ # get all unassigned packages unassigned_package_numbers = [package_number for package_number in self.packages.keys() if package_number not in self.assigned_students.values()] for wish_id in range(self.amount_wishes): for student_number in self.students.keys(): if student_number not in self.assigned_students.keys(): # just take and delete the last unassigned package number and assign it self.assign(student_number, unassigned_package_numbers.pop()) def load_file(filepath): with open(filepath, "r", encoding="utf-8") as file: lines = [line.strip() for line in file] # the first line only contains the amount of students, which won't be used return lines[1:] def load_students_and_packages(lines): """ get lines read from the file and create a Selection object """ # get the amount of wishes every student has wishes_amount = len(re.split(r"[\W]+", lines[0])) # key: package number, value: Package instance # fill it with no student wanting any packages packages = {number: Package(number, tuple([] for _ in range(wishes_amount))) for number in range(1, len(lines) + 1)} # key: student number, value: Student instance students = {} for student_idx, line in enumerate(lines): """ fill students """ # split line into words wishes = tuple(int(package_number) for package_number in re.split(r"[\W]+", line)) # create Student instance and add to dict student = Student(student_idx + 1, wishes) students[student.number] = student """ fill packages """ # go through every wished package for wish_idx, package_number in enumerate(student.wishes): # append student number to the wished-by-list packages[package_number].wishers[wish_idx].append(student.number) return Selection(students, packages) def main(): if len(sys.argv) != 2: raise ValueError("Specify filepath of the input file!") # load students and packages form file lines = load_file(sys.argv[1]) selection = load_students_and_packages(lines) # assign all packages and students selection.assign_all_cleanly() selection.assign_all_uncleanly() selection.assign_all_dirtily() # print results print("student number, [wishes], assigned package") for student_number in selection.students: # convert this student's wishes into a usable string wishes = [str(wish) for wish in selection.students[student_number].wishes] wishes_string = "\t".join(wishes) # get the package that got assigned to this student assigned_package = selection.assigned_students[student_number] print(f"{student_number}\t\t{wishes_string}\t\t{assigned_package}") if __name__ == "__main__": main()
from typing import Iterable, List, Tuple FORMAT = """ followed: {} navigated: {} """ def solve(instream): instructions = read(instream) return manhattan(follow(instructions)), manhattan(navigate(instructions)) def read(source: Iterable[str]) -> List[Tuple[str, int]]: return [(arg[0], int(arg[1:])) for arg in source] # use complex numbers of x+yj as 2D coordinates NORTH = 1j SOUTH = -1j EAST = 1+0j WEST = -1+0j # rotations ROT = {0: 1, 90: 1j, 180: -1, 270: -1j} def manhattan(position: complex) -> int: return int(abs(position.real) + abs(position.imag)) def follow(instructions: List[Tuple[str, int]]) -> complex: position, orientation = 0j, EAST for op, arg in instructions: if op == 'N': position += NORTH * arg elif op == 'S': position += SOUTH * arg elif op == 'E': position += EAST * arg elif op == 'W': position += WEST * arg elif op == 'F': position += orientation * arg elif op == 'L': orientation *= ROT[arg % 360] elif op == 'R': orientation *= ROT[-arg % 360] else: raise ValueError(f"Unknown operation: {op!r}") return position def navigate(instructions: List[Tuple[str, int]]) -> complex: position, waypoint = 0j, NORTH + 10 * EAST for op, arg in instructions: if op == 'N': waypoint += NORTH * arg elif op == 'S': waypoint += SOUTH * arg elif op == 'E': waypoint += EAST * arg elif op == 'W': waypoint += WEST * arg elif op == 'F': position += waypoint * arg elif op == 'L': waypoint *= ROT[arg % 360] elif op == 'R': waypoint *= ROT[-arg % 360] else: raise ValueError(f"Unknown operation: {op!r}") return position
n=input() sum=0 for i in str(n): x=int(i) sum=sum+(x*x) print sum
number=int(raw_input()) sum=0 for i in range(number+1): sum+=i print sum
# Define your "TreeNode" Python class below class TreeNode: def __init__(self, value): self.value = value self.children = [] def add_child(self, child_node): print("Adding " + child_node.value) self.children.append(child_node) root = TreeNode("I am Root") child = TreeNode("A wee sappling") root.add_child(child)
class MinHeap: def __init__(self): self.heap_list = [None] self.count = 0 # HEAP HELPER METHODS # DO NOT CHANGE! def parent_idx(self, idx): return idx // 2 def left_child_idx(self, idx): return idx * 2 def right_child_idx(self, idx): return idx * 2 + 1 # END OF HEAP HELPER METHODS def add(self, element): self.count += 1 print("Adding: {0} to {1}".format(element, self.heap_list)) self.heap_list.append(element) self.heapify_up() def heapify_up(self): print("Heapifying up") idx = self.count while self.parent_idx(idx) > 0: child = self.heap_list[idx] parent = self.heap_list[self.parent_idx(idx)] if parent > child: print("swapping {0} with {1}".format(parent, child)) self.heap_list[idx] = parent self.heap_list[self.parent_idx(idx)] = child idx = self.parent_idx(idx) print("Heap Restored {0}".format(self.heap_list))
# TODO # input: total, per_page, page # output: # a range of item numbers to display for each page (showing 1-10, 10-20, ..etc) # has next method (whether the next page exists) # has previous method (whether the previous page exists) import math from math import ceil class Pagination(): def __init__(self, total, per_page, page): self.total = total self.per_page = per_page self.num_pages = int(ceil(self.total/self.per_page)) self.page = page self.from_item = (self.page -1)*self.per_page + 1 self.to_item = min(self.page*self.per_page, self.total) self.pagediv = int(ceil(self.page/5)) self.from_page = (self.pagediv -1)*5 + 1 self.to_page = min(self.pagediv*5, self.num_pages) # # has next def has_next(self): return self.page < self.num_pages # # has_previous def has_previous(self): return self.page > 1 # How to use: # p= Pagination(0, 6, 1) # print("num_pages = {0}".format(p.num_pages)) # print("\n") # print("from_item = {0}".format(p.from_item)) # print("to_item = {0}".format(p.to_item)) # print("\n") # print(p.has_next()) # print(p.has_previous()) # print("\n") # print("from_page = {0}".format(p.from_page)) # print("to_page = {0}".format(p.to_page)) # print("pagediv = {0}".format(p.pagediv))
import random import re class GameDie: @classmethod def roll(cls, name, args: tuple): if len(args) == 0: count = 1 sides = 20 elif len(args) == 1: count, sides = cls.parse_dice(args[0]) else: return "Sorry, combining dice is not implemented yet." # TODO eventually if I ever need it rolls = [] for i in range(count): rolls.append(random.randint(1, sides)) text = '{0} rolled a :game_die: **{1}**!'.format(name, sum(rolls)) if count > 1: text = text + " All rolls: " + " ".join([":game_die:{0}".format(roll) for roll in rolls]) return text @staticmethod def parse_dice(arg): """ Parse strings like "2d6" or "1d20" and roll accordingly """ pattern = re.compile(r'^(?P<count>[0-9]*d)?(?P<sides>[0-9]+)$') match = re.match(pattern, arg) if not match: raise ValueError() # invalid input string sides = int(match.group('sides')) try: count = int(match.group('count')[:-1]) except (TypeError, ValueError): count = 1 return count, sides
print ("____________________") print ("Rock, Paper, Scissors, account setup") print ("____________________") while True: username = raw_input ("Pick a username: ") password = raw_input ("Pick a password: ") password_confirm = raw_input ("please confirm your password: ") if password != password_confirm: print ("your passwords don't match, please try again.") if password == password_confirm: print ("your account has been set up.") text_file = open("accounts.txt", "a") text_file.write("\n") text_file.write(username) text_file.write("\n") text_file.write(password) text_file.close() break
def validate_tiny_int(val): return val >= 0 and val <= 255 def validate_val(val): try: return isinstance(int(val),int)#aca valida si es una instancia de la clase int #en python todo es un objeto #se intenta convertir un string a entero con int(val) except ValueError as error: return False
''' 什么是队列,队列是一系列元素的集合,新元素的加入在队列的一端,这一端叫做“队尾(rear)” 已有元素的移除发生在队列的另一端,叫做“队首(front)” --------------------------------------------- rear front --------------------------------------------- 特点:先进先出(FIFO) 抽象数据类型(ADT) Queue():创建一个空队列对象,无需参数,返回空的队列 enqueue(item):将数据项添加到队尾,有参数,无返回值 dequeue(): 从对首移出数据项,无需参数,返回值为队首数据项 isEmpty():测试队列是否为空,无需参数,返回值为布尔值 size():返回队列中的数据项的个数,无需参数 ''' # class Queue(): # def __init__(self): # self.items = [] # def enqueue(self,item): # self.items.insert(0,item) # def dequeue(self): # return self.items.pop() # def isEmpty(self): # return self.items == [] # def size(self): # return len(self.items) # q = Queue() # q.enqueue("a") # q.enqueue("b") # q.enqueue("c") # print(q.size()) # print(q.dequeue()) # print(q.size()) ''' 马铃薯游戏(击鼓传花)选定一个人作为开始的人,数到num个人,将此人淘汰 ['零','一','二','三','四','五','六','七','八','九'] 七 ['八','九','零','一','二','三','四','五','六'] 五 ['六','八','九','零','一','二','三','四'] 四 ['六','八','九','零','一','二','三'] 六 ['八','九','零','一','二','三'] 九 ['零','一','二','三','八'] 二 ['三','八','零','一',] 一 ['三','八','零'] 八 ['零','三'] 三 ['零'] ''' from pythonds.basic.queue import Queue name_list = ['零','一','二','三','四','五','六','七','八','九'] num = 7 def send_flowers(name_list,num): simaueue = Queue() for name in name_list: simaueue.enqueue(name) while simaueue.size()>1: for i in range(num): simaueue.enqueue(simaueue.dequeue()) print(simaueue.dequeue()) return simaueue.dequeue() send_flowers(name_list,num)
class TitleToNumber(object): def titleToNumber(self, s): """ :type s: str :rtype: int """ slist = list(s) l = len(s) num = 0 for a in slist: num *= 26 num += ord(a) - 64 return num if __name__ == '__main__': s = 'AZ' solution = TitleToNumber() print solution.titleToNumber(s)
class IntersectionOfTwoArrays(object): def intersection(self, nums1, nums2): """ :type nums1: List[int] :type nums2: List[int] :rtype: List[int] """ s1 = set(nums1) s2 = set(nums2) ss = s1 & s2 return list(ss) if __name__ == '__main__': nums1 = [1, 2, 2, 1] nums2 = [2, 2] solution = IntersectionOfTwoArrays() print solution.intersection(nums1, nums2)
class Fib(object): def __init__(self): self.a=0 self.b=1 def __str__(self): return str(self.a) __repr__ = __str__ def __iter__(self): return self def __next__(self): self.a, self.b = self.b, self.a + self.b # 计算下一个值 return self.a # 返回下一个值 def __getitem__(self, n): a,b=1,1 if isinstance(n,int): for x in range(n): a,b=b,a+b return a if isinstance(n, slice): start = n.start stop = n.stop if start is None: start = 0 L = [] for x in range(stop): if x >= start: L.append(a) a, b = b, a + b return L def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs): print(self) fib = Fib() for i in range(10): print(fib[i]) fib = Fib() for i in fib: print(i) if(i>10000): break print(fib[:10]) fib()
dl320@soetcse:~/udaya$ python3 add6.py enter the value of a56 enter the value of b65 enter the value of c67 c is greater than b dl320@soetcse:~/udaya$ python3 add6.py enter the value of a01 enter the value of b69 enter the value of c96 c is greater than b dl320@soetcse:~/udaya$ python3 add6.py enter the value of a87 enter the value of b87 enter the value of c98 c is greater than b dl320@soetcse:~/udaya$ python3 add8.py 0 1 a is even number 2 3 a is even number 4 5 a is even number 6 7 a is even number 8 9 a is even number 10 11 a is even number 12 13 a is even number 14 15 a is even number 16 17 a is even number 18 19 a is even number 20 21 a is even number 22 23 a is even number 24 25 a is even number 26 27 a is even number 28 29 a is even number 30 31 a is even number 32 33 a is even number 34 35 a is even number 36 37 a is even number 38 39 a is even number 40 41 a is even number 42 43 a is even number 44 45 a is even number 46 47 a is even number 48 49 a is even number 50 51 a is even number 52 53 a is even number 54 55 a is even number 56 57 a is even number 58 59 a is even number 60 61 a is even number 62 63 a is even number 64 65 a is even number 66 67 a is even number 68 69 a is even number 70 71 a is even number 72 73 a is even number 74 75 a is even number 76 77 a is even number 78 79 a is even number 80 81 a is even number 82 83 a is even number 84 85 a is even number 86 87 a is even number 88 89 a is even number 90 91 a is even number 92 93 a is even number 94 95 a is even number 96 97 a is even number 98 99 a is even number 100 101 a is even number 102 103 a is even number 104 105 a is even number 106 107 a is even number 108 109 a is even number 110 111 a is even number 112 113 a is even number 114 115 a is even number 116 117 a is even number 118 119 a is even number 120 121 a is even number 122 123 a is even number 124 125 a is even number 126 127 a is even number 128 129 a is even number 130 131 a is even number 132 133 a is even number 134 135 a is even number 136 137 a is even number 138 139 a is even number 140 141 a is even number 142 143 a is even number 144 145 a is even number 146 147 a is even number 148 149 a is even number 150 151 a is even number 152 153 a is even number 154 155 a is even number 156 157 a is even number 158 159 a is even number 160 161 a is even number 162 163 a is even number 164 165 a is even number 166 167 a is even number 168 169 a is even number 170 171 a is even number 172 173 a is even number 174 175 a is even number 176 177 a is even number 178 179 a is even number 180 181 a is even number 182 183 a is even number 184 185 a is even number 186 187 a is even number 188 189 a is even number 190 191 a is even number 192 193 a is even number 194 195 a is even number 196 197 a is even number 198 199 a is even number 200 201 a is even number 202 203 a is even number 204 205 a is even number 206 207 a is even number 208 209 a is even number 210 211 a is even number 212 213 a is even number 214 215 a is even number 216 217 a is even number 218 219 a is even number 220 221 a is even number 222 223 a is even number 224 225 a is even number 226 227 a is even number 228 229 a is even number 230 231 a is even number 232 233 a is even number 234 235 a is even number 236 237 a is even number 238 239 a is even number 240 241 a is even number 242 243 a is even number 244 245 a is even number 246 247 a is even number 248 249 a is even number 250 a is odd number dl320@soetcse:~/udaya$ python3 add9.py 29 dl320@soetcse:~/udaya$ python3 add9.py 26 dl320@soetcse:~/udaya$ python3 add9.py 29 dl320@soetcse:~/udaya$ ^C dl320@soetcse:~/udaya$ python3 add9.py 31 dl320@soetcse:~/udaya$ python3 add9.py 34 dl320@soetcse:~/udaya$ python3 add9.py 27 dl320@soetcse:~/udaya$ python3 add9.py 27 dl320@soetcse:~/udaya$ python3 add9.py 33 dl320@soetcse:~/udaya$ python3 add9.py 33 dl320@soetcse:~/udaya$ python3 add9.py 31 dl320@soetcse:~/udaya$ python3 add8.py dl320@soetcse:~/udaya$ python3 add9.py 27 dl320@soetcse:~/udaya$ python3 add9.py 34 dl320@soetcse:~/udaya$ python3 add9.py 29 dl320@soetcse:~/udaya$ python3 add9.py 28 dl320@soetcse:~/udaya$ python3 add9.py 31 dl320@soetcse:~/udaya$ python3 add9.py 25 dl320@soetcse:~/udaya$ dl320@soetcse:~/udaya$ python3 add9.py 31 dl320@soetcse:~/udaya$ python3 add9.py 12 dl320@soetcse:~/udaya$ python3 add9.py 1 dl320@soetcse:~/udaya$ mkdir udaya dl320@soetcse:~/udaya$ python3 add9.py 12 dl320@soetcse:~/udaya$ python3 add9.py 9 dl320@soetcse:~/udaya$ python3 add9.py 15 dl320@soetcse:~/udaya$ python3 add9.py 18 dl320@soetcse:~/udaya$ python3 add9.py 13 dl320@soetcse:~/udaya$ python3 add9.py 13 dl320@soetcse:~/udaya$ python3 add9.py 11 dl320@soetcse:~/udaya$ python3 add9.py 6 dl320@soetcse:~/udaya$ python3 add9.py 12 dl320@soetcse:~/udaya$ python3 add9.py 20 dl320@soetcse:~/udaya$ python3 add9.py dl320@soetcse:~/udaya$ python3 add10.py enter q to quit and r to roll the diser 6 dl320@soetcse:~/udaya$ python3 add10.py enter q to quit and r to roll the diseq bye dl320@soetcse:~/udaya$ python3 add10.py enter q to quit and r to roll the diser 6 dl320@soetcse:~/udaya$ python3 add10.py enter q to quit and r to roll the diser 6 dl320@soetcse:~/udaya$ python3 add10.py enter q to quit and r to roll the diseq bye dl320@soetcse:~/udaya$ python3 add10.py enter q to quit and r to roll the diser 4 dl320@soetcse:~/udaya$ python3 add10.py enter q to quit and r to roll the diser 3 dl320@soetcse:~/udaya$ python3 add10.py enter q to quit and r to roll the diseq bye dl320@soetcse:~/udaya$ python3 add10.py enter q to quit and r to roll the diser 4
def fibonacci(n): fib_n = [0, 1] for i in range(2, n + 1): fib_n[0], fib_n[1] = fib_n[1], fib_n[0] + fib_n[1] return fib_n[1] n = int(input()) print(fibonacci(n))
import sqlite3 # conectando... conn = sqlite3.connect('clientes.db') # definindo um cursor cursor = conn.cursor() # criando a tabela (schema) cursor.execute("""CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS clientes ( id INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT, nome TEXT NOT NULL, idade INTEGER, cpf VARCHAR(11) NOT NULL, email TEXT NOT NULL, fone TEXT, cidade TEXT, uf VARCHAR(2) NOT NULL);""") ################################################## reg = 'S' while reg == 'S': reg = input('Cadastrar um novo cliente? [S/N] ').strip().upper() while reg not in 'sSnN': reg = input('Cadastrar um novo cliente? [S/N] ').strip().upper() if reg == 'S': # solicitando os dados ao usuário p_nome = input('Nome: ') p_idade = input('Idade: ') p_cpf = input('CPF: ') p_email = input('Email: ') p_fone = input('Fone: ') p_cidade = input('Cidade: ') p_uf = input('UF: ') # inserindo dados na tabela cursor.execute("""INSERT INTO clientes (nome, idade, cpf, email, fone, cidade, uf) VALUES (?,?,?,?,?,?,?)""", (p_nome, p_idade, p_cpf, p_email, p_fone, p_cidade, p_uf)) conn.commit() print('Dados inseridos com sucesso.') print('<>' * 30) else: break ################################################## # lendo os dados print('\nOs dados salvos na base de dados são:') cursor.execute(""" SELECT * FROM clientes; """) for linha in cursor.fetchall(): print(linha) ################################################## # desconectando... conn.close()
import os def treewalk(root, nspaces=0): # nspaces : aantal spaties dat ingesprongen wordt a = os.listdir(root) for f in a: print(' '*nspaces,end = '') if os.path.isdir(root + '/' + f): print('[' + f + ']') treewalk(root + '/' + f,nspaces+3) # recursieve aanroep else: print(f) root = os.getcwd() treewalk(root + '/../..')
a = [1,99,2,98,3,97] print(a[-1]) print(a[-3]) print() a1 = [1,2,3] a2 = [101,102,103] print(a1+a2) print() a1 = [1,2,3] a2 = [101,102,103] print(4*a1) print(a2*3) print() n = 25 b = [0]*n print(b) print() a = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8] del a[6] ; print(a) # verwijder het zevende element del a[1:3] ; print(a) # verwijder het 2e en het 3e element del a[:2] ; print(a) # verwijder de eerste twee elementen del a[1:] ; print(a) # verwijder alle elementen behalve het eerste element del a[:] ; print(a) # verwijder alle elementen print() a = [1,2,3,2,1] ; print(a) a.remove(2) ; print(a) # alternatief: # del a[b.index(2)] print() a = [1,2,3,2,1,2,3,2,1] ; print(a) while 2 in a: a.remove(2) ; print(a) print() a = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8] ; print(a) a[2] = 99 ; print(a) print() a = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8] ; print(a) a[1:3] = [88] ; print(a) # a[1:3] = 88 niet toegestaan a[1:3] = [77,177,277] ; print(a) a[2:5]= [] ; print(a) print() a = [1, 1, 1, 1] ; print(a) a.insert(0,6) ; print(a) # voor de lijst plaatsen a.insert(3,7) ; print(a) # toevoegen voor het element met positie 3 a.insert(len(a),8) ; print(a) # achter de lijst plaatsen a.append(8) ; print(a) # methode 2 a = a + [8] ; print(a) # methode 3 print() a = [1, 1, 1, 1] ; print(a) a[:0] = [6,66] ; print(a) # voor de lijst plaatsen a[4:4] = [7,77] ; print(a) # toevoegen voor het element met positie 3 a[len(a):] = [8,88] ; print(a) # achter de lijst plaatsen a.extend([8,88]) ; print(a) # methode 2 a = a + [8,88] ; print(a) # methode 3 print() print(min([6,3,5,9])) print(min('noot','aap','mies')) print(min('102','13')) print() a = [1,-2,3,-4,1,-2,3,-4] ; print(a) a.sort() ; print(a) a.sort(reverse = True) ; print(a) a.reverse() ; print(a) i = a.pop() ; print('na pop-aanroep: i:',i,'a:',a) i = a.pop(2) ; print('na pop(2)-aanroep: i:',i,'a:',a) print(a.count(-4)) print(a.index(1)) print()
class myqueue(list): def __init__(self,a=[]): list.__init__(self,a) def dequeue(self): return self.pop(0) def enqueue(self,x): self.append(x) class Vertex: def __init__(self, data): self.data = data def __repr__(self): # voor afdrukken return str(self.data) def __lt__(self, other): # voor sorteren return self.data < other.data import math INFINITY = math.inf def vertices(G): return sorted(G.keys()) def edges(G): a = [] for u in vertices(G): for v in G[u].keys(): a.append((u,v,G[u][v])) a.sort() return a v = [Vertex(i) for i in range(7)] v = [Vertex(i) for i in list('abcdefg')] G = {v[0]:{v[1]:72,v[4]:31,v[6]:84}, v[1]:{v[0]:72,v[2]:19,v[4]:25}, v[2]:{v[1]:19,v[3]:72,v[4]:22}, v[3]:{v[2]:72,v[5]:38}, v[4]:{v[0]:31,v[1]:25,v[2]:22,v[5]:45,v[6]:16}, v[5]:{v[3]:38,v[4]:45}, v[6]:{v[0]:84,v[4]:16}} print("vertices(G):",vertices(G)) print("edges(G):",edges(G)) def clear(G): for v in vertices(G): k = [e for e in vars(v) if e != 'data'] for e in k: delattr(v,e) def MST_Prim(G,s): Q = vertices(G) for v in Q: v.key = INFINITY v.predecessor = None s.key = 0 while Q: # print([(q,q.key) for q in Q]) u = min(Q,key=lambda x: x.key) Q.remove(u) for v in G[u].keys(): if v in Q and G[u][v] < v.key: v.predecessor = u v.key = G[u][v] MST_Prim(G,v[0]) def tree_edges(G): a = [] for v in vertices(G): if hasattr(v,'predecessor') and v.predecessor != None: a.append((v,v.predecessor,G[v][v.predecessor])) a.append((v.predecessor,v,G[v.predecessor][v])) a.sort() return a print('tree_edges(G):',tree_edges(G)) print([(v,v.key) for v in vertices(G)]) print(sum([v.key for v in vertices(G)]))
""" Given an integer array nums, find the contiguous subarray (containing at least one number) which has the largest sum and return its sum. Example: Input: [-2,1,-3,4,-1,2,1,-5,4], Output: 6 Explanation: [4,-1,2,1] has the largest sum = 6. """ class Solution(object): def maxSubArray(self, nums): """ :type nums: List[int] :rtype: int """ # 动态规划 sums = 0 max_sum = nums[0] #储存当前的最大和 for i in range(len(nums)): max_sum = max(sums+nums[i], max_sum) # 倘若子数组和大于当前最大和,则替换 sums = max(sums + nums[i], 0) # 倘若子数组和小于0,则舍去 return max_sum """ 思路:采用动态规划,当子数组和小于0时,这部分和对于最大和来说不应该有贡献,因此需舍去。(分治法还没搞懂...) """
def get(a,l,r): # 递归(分治法) if l==r: return {'isum':a[l],'lsum':a[l],'rsum':a[l],'msum':a[l]} m = int((l+r)/2) isum = get(a,l,m)['isum'] + get(a,m+1,r)['isum'] # isum为[l,r]的区间和 # lsum为[l,r]内以l为左端点的最大子段和 lsum = max(get(a,l,m)['lsum'] , get(a,l,m)['isum'] + get(a,m+1,r)['lsum']) # rsum为[l,r]内以r为右端点的最大子段和 rsum = max(get(a,m+1,r)['rsum'] , get(a,m+1,r)['isum'] + get(a,l,m)['rsum']) # msum为[l,r]内最大子段和 msum = max(get(a,l,m)['msum'],get(a,m+1,r)['msum'],get(a,l,m)['rsum']+get(a,m+1,r)['lsum']) return {'isum':isum,'lsum':lsum,'rsum':rsum,'msum':msum} class Solution(object): def maxSubArray(self, nums): """ :type nums: List[int] :rtype: int """ return get(nums,0,len(nums)-1)['msum'] """ 思路:分治法,维护四个量(见注释),区间长度为1时结束递归。但事实上DP时间复杂度为O(n),而分治法时间复杂度为O(nlogn)。精妙是精妙,但架不住代码长,复杂度高啊。 """
""" Given a string containing just the characters '(' and ')', find the length of the longest valid (well-formed) parentheses substring. Ex_1: Input: "(()" Output: 2 Explanation: The longest valid parentheses substring is "()" Ex_2: Input: ")()())" Output: 4 Explanation: The longest valid parentheses substring is "()()" """ class Solution: def longestValidParentheses(self, s: str) -> int: if not s or len(s)==1: return 0 store=[0 for i in range(len(s))] for i in range(len(s)): if s[i]=='(': # The ending parenthesis of a valid parentheses substring can only be closing parenthesis. continue if i-1>=0 and s[i-1]=='(': if i-2>=0: store[i]=store[i-2]+2 else: store[i]=2 if (i-1>=0 and s[i-1]==')') and (i-store[i-1]-1>=0 and s[i-store[i-1]-1]=='('): if i-store[i-1]-2>=0: store[i]=store[i-1]+store[i-store[i-1]-2]+2 else: store[i]=store[i-1]+2 return max(store) """ My thinking: We make use of a "store" array where ith element of "store" represents the length of the longest valid substring ending at ith index. Using dynamic programming. It's obvious that the valid substrings must end with '('. Time complexity of the algorithm is O(n), because single traversal of string to fill "store" array is done. Space complexity of the algorithm is O(n), because "store" array of size n is used. """
""" Given a roman numeral, convert it to an integer. Input is guaranteed to be within the range from 1 to 3999. Symbol Value I 1 V 5 X 10 L 50 C 100 D 500 M 1000 Note:There are six instances where subtraction is used: I can be placed before V (5) and X (10) to make 4 and 9. X can be placed before L (50) and C (100) to make 40 and 90. C can be placed before D (500) and M (1000) to make 400 and 900. Ex_1: input:"III" output:3 Ex_2: input: "IV" output: 4 Ex_3: input: "IX" output: 9 Ex_4: input: "LVIII" output: 58 Ex_5: input: "MCMXCIV" output: 1994 """ class Solution(object): def romanToInt(self, s): """ :type s: str :rtype: int """ #My code starts here num=0 dict={'I':1,'V':5,'X':10,'L':50,'C':100,'D':500,'M':1000} for i in range(len(s)): num=num+dict[s[i]] if i>0: if (s[i]=='M' or s[i]=='D') and s[i-1]=='C': num=num-200 if (s[i]=='L' or s[i]=='C') and s[i-1]=='X': num=num-20 if (s[i]=='V' or s[i]=='X') and s[i-1]=='I': num=num-2 return num """ My thinking: Use a dictionary to store correspondence, and pay attention to special cases """
""" Given two binary trees, write a function to check if they are the same or not. Two binary trees are considered the same if they are structurally identical and the nodes have the same value. Example 1: Input: 1 1 / \ / \ 2 3 2 3 [1,2,3], [1,2,3] Output: true Example 2: Input: 1 1 / \ 2 2 [1,2], [1,null,2] Output: false Example 3: Input: 1 1 / \ / \ 2 1 1 2 [1,2,1], [1,1,2] Output: false """ # Definition for a binary tree node. # class TreeNode(object): # def __init__(self, x): # self.val = x # self.left = None # self.right = None class Solution(object): def isSameTree(self, p, q): """ :type p: TreeNode :type q: TreeNode :rtype: bool """ # 终止条件,两个结点都为空,则相等 if not p and not q: return True # 如果两个结点一个为空,那肯定两棵树不相等 # 或者两个结点的值不相等,那肯定两棵树也不相等 elif not p or not q or p.val != q.val: return False # 否则则递归返回两棵树的左右结点是否对应相等 else: return self.isSameTree(p.left, q.left) and self.isSameTree(p.right, q.right) """ 思路:递归法,时间复杂度为:O(N),其中 N 是树的结点数,因为每个结点都访问一次。空间复杂度: 最优情况(完全平衡二叉树)时为O(log(N)),最坏情况下(完全不平衡二叉树)时为O(N),用于维护递归栈。 """
""" Given preorder and inorder traversal of a tree, construct the binary tree. Note: You may assume that duplicates do not exist in the tree. For example, given preorder = [3,9,20,15,7] inorder = [9,3,15,20,7] Return the following binary tree: 3 / \ 9 20 / \ 15 7 """ # Definition for a binary tree node. # class TreeNode(object): # def __init__(self, x): # self.val = x # self.left = None # self.right = None class Solution(object): def buildTree(self, preorder, inorder): """ :type preorder: List[int] :type inorder: List[int] :rtype: TreeNode """ # 递归算法 # 如果前序遍历的数组为空,则返回根节点为空 if not preorder: return None # 前序遍历数组的第一个元素为树的根节点 root = TreeNode(preorder[0]) # 在中序遍历的数组中找到根节点对应元素的下标 index = inorder.index(preorder[0]) # 那么我们就可以知道左子树节点数以及右子树节点数,并且中序遍历数组中这个下标前的元素对应的左子树部分,这个下标后的元素对应的右子树部分。 # 采用递归算法进行构建即可。 root.left = self.buildTree(preorder[1:index + 1], inorder[0:index]) root.right = self.buildTree(preorder[index + 1:], inorder[index + 1:]) return root """ 思路:因为二叉树前序遍历的顺序为:先遍历根节点,随后递归地遍历左子树,最后递归地遍历右子树。二叉树中序遍历的顺序为:先递归地遍历左子树,随后遍历根节点,最后递归地遍历右子树。因此,对于任意一颗树而 言,前序遍历的形式总是[根节点, [左子树的前序遍历结果], [右子树的前序遍历结果]],即根节点总是前序遍历中的第一个节点。而中序遍历的形式总是[[左子树的中序遍历结果], 根节点, [右子树的中序遍历结果]]。 因此本题采用递归算法,详见注释。时间复杂度为O(n),其中n是树中的节点个数。空间复杂度为O(h),因为我们需要O(h)(其中 h 是树的高度)的空间表示递归时栈空间。 """
""" Implement next permutation, which rearranges numbers into the lexicographically next greater permutation of numbers. If such arrangement is not possible, it must rearrange it as the lowest possible order (ie, sorted in ascending order). The replacement must be in-place and use only constant extra memory. Here are some examples. Inputs are in the left-hand column and its corresponding outputs are in the right-hand column. 1,2,3 → 1,3,2 3,2,1 → 1,2,3 1,1,5 → 1,5,1 """ class Solution(object): def nextPermutation(self, nums): """ :type nums: List[int] :rtype: None Do not return anything, modify nums in-place instead. """ #My code starts here if not nums: return [] flag=0 for i in range(len(nums)-2,-1,-1): if nums[i]<nums[i+1]: #To find the first pair of two successive numbers nums[i] and nums[i+1] from the right, which satisfy nums[i+1] > nums[i] flag=1 index=i break if flag==0: #If not find, rearrange it as the lowest possible order return nums.reverse() j=1 while index+j<len(nums): #We need to find number which is just larger than nums[i] among the numbers lying to its right section if nums[index]<nums[index+j]: j+=1 else: break tmp=nums[index+j-1] nums[index+j-1]=nums[index] nums[index]=tmp #Swap nums[i] and nums[i+j-1] nums[index+1:]=list(reversed(nums[index+1:])) #At last, reverse the numbers following nums[i] to get the next smallest lexicographic permutation return nums """ My thinking: First, we observe that for any given sequence that is in descending order, no next larger permutation is possible. Then, we need to find the first pair of two successive numbers nums[i] and nums[i+1] from the right, which satisfy nums[i+1]> nums[i]. After that, we need to find number which is just larger than nums[i] among the numbers lying to its right section. We swap nums[i] and nums[i+j-1]. At last, reverse the numbers following nums[i] to get the next smallest lexicographic permutation. """
#fizzbuzz def fizzbuzz(num, i, j): for n in range(1,num+1): result = "" if n%i == 0: result = "fizz" if n%j == 0: result += "buzz" if not result: result = n print(result) def main(): n = int(input("a number: ")) n1 = int(input("a number less than {} :".format(n))) n2 = int(input("a number less than {} :".format(n))) fizzbuzz(n,n1,n2) if __name__ == "__main__" : main()
""" 1155. Number of Dice Rolls With Target Sum You have d dice, and each die has f faces numbered 1, 2, ..., f. Return the number of possible ways (out of fd total ways) modulo 10^9 + 7 to roll the dice so the sum of the face up numbers equals target. Example 1: Input: d = 1, f = 6, target = 3 Output: 1 Explanation: You throw one die with 6 faces. There is only one way to get a sum of 3. Example 2: Input: d = 2, f = 6, target = 7 Output: 6 Explanation: You throw two dice, each with 6 faces. There are 6 ways to get a sum of 7: 1+6, 2+5, 3+4, 4+3, 5+2, 6+1. Example 3: Input: d = 2, f = 5, target = 10 Output: 1 Explanation: You throw two dice, each with 5 faces. There is only one way to get a sum of 10: 5+5. Example 4: Input: d = 1, f = 2, target = 3 Output: 0 Explanation: You throw one die with 2 faces. There is no way to get a sum of 3. Example 5: Input: d = 30, f = 30, target = 500 Output: 222616187 Explanation: The answer must be returned modulo 10^9 + 7. Constraints: 1 <= d, f <= 30 1 <= target <= 1000 """ def dice_rolls(d,f,t): if t > f*d: return 0 result = 0 final = 0 for i in range(1,min(f+1,t+1)): if i == t: result += 1 if d > 1: result = dice_rolls(d-1, f, t-i) final += result return(final%(10e9+7)) def main(): dices = int(input("number of dices: ")) faces = int(input("number of faces on a dice: ")) target = int(input("target number (< dices*faces): ")) print(dice_rolls(dices,faces,target)) main()
""" Merge Sort ---------- Uses divide and conquer to recursively divide and sort the list Time Complexity: O(n log n) Space Complexity: O(n) Auxiliary """ def merge(left, right): """Compares and Merges arrays.""" left_index, right_index = 0, 0 result = [] while left_index < len(left) and right_index < len(right): if left[left_index] <= right[right_index]: result.append(left[left_index]) left_index += 1 else: result.append(right[right_index]) right_index += 1 result += left[left_index:] result += right[right_index:] return result def merge_sort(array): """Merge sort algorithm implementation.""" if len(array) <= 1: # base case return array half = len(array) // 2 left = merge_sort(array[:half]) right = merge_sort(array[half:]) return merge(left, right) a = [17,2,4,3, 444, 5546, 7, 6, 63, 2, 5,6 ,7 ,77,15,10] print merge_sort(a)
import random board = {} end = False win_commbinations = ((0, 1, 2), (3, 4, 5), (6, 7, 8), (0, 3, 6), (1, 4, 7), (2, 5, 8), (0, 4, 8), (2, 4, 6)) def board(): print(' | | ') #print(' ' + board[7] + ' | ' + board[8] + ' | ' + board[9]) print(' | | ') print('------------------') print(' | | ') #print(' ' + board[4] + ' | ' + board[5] + ' | ' + board[6]) print(' | | ') print('------------------') print(' | | ') #print(' ' + board[1] + ' | ' + board[2] + ' | ' + board[3]) print(' | | ') def playerletter(): plylt = raw_input("what letter do you want to play with [O or X]: ") plylt = plylt.upper() if plylt == "X": return ['X', 'O' ] firstmove(plylt) elif plylt == "O": return ['O', 'X'] firstmove(plylt) else: print "Please select the right option, it has to be from X or O" playerletter() def firstmove(plylt): if random.randint(0,1) == 0: print "computer's move" else: print "your move, you have chosen " + plylt registermoves(plylt) def registermoves(plylt): a = int (raw_input("enter a number from 1 to 9")) if board[a] == "X" or "O": print "please enter a new number" registermoves() else: board[a] = plylt def gamecheck(plylt): count = 0 for a in win_commbinations: if board[a[0]] == board[a[1]] == board[a[2]] == plylt: print("Player 1 Wins!\n") print("Congratulations!\n") return True if board[a[0]] == board[a[1]] == board[a[2]] != plylt: print("Player 2 Wins!\n") print("Congratulations!\n") return True for a in range(9): if board[a] == "X" or board[a] == "O": count += 1 if count == 9: print("The game ends in a Tie\n") #playerletter()
#Largest Continuous Sum #Given an array of integers (positive and negative) find the largest continuous sum. def largestcontsum(arr): if len(arr) == 0: return currentSum = maxSum = int(arr[0]) print currentSum, maxSum for num in arr[1:]: print num, currentSum + num, currentSum currentSum = max(num, currentSum+num) maxSum = max(currentSum, maxSum) print maxSum return maxSum print largestcontsum([-1, -5, -2, -6, -7, -9, -5])
# print tuple elements a = [('a',4), ('b',9), ('c',16), ('d', 25)] for k, v in a: print "%s has value %s" % (k,v)
## SHUFFLING A DECK OF CARDS ## A deck of cards has 13 cards each of 4 suits: heart(♥), spade(♠), diamond(♦), club(♣). ## THOUGHT PROCESS: Construct an unshuffled deck by using two lists, one for suits, another for cardValues ## Shuffle the deck by iterating over all cards one by one using their indexes, and swapping the index with any random index. import random import itertools def deck_crete(): suits = [ "Hearts", "Spade", "Diamond" , "Club" ] faces = list(range(2,11)) faces.extend(["Jack", "Queen", "King"]) faces.insert(0,"Ace") suits = ['Spade', 'Heart', 'Diamond', 'Club'] deck = list(itertools.product(faces, suits)) deck = shuffleDeck(deck) draw_card(deck) def shuffleDeck(deck): for i, card in enumerate(deck): insert_at = random.randrange(52) deck[i], deck[insert_at] = deck[insert_at], deck[i] return deck def draw_card(deck): t = int(input("How many cards are we drawing? : ")) print("//// You Hand ///") for r in range(t): r = random.choice(deck) print("{0[0]} of {0[1]}" .format(r)) deck_crete()
def bubbleSort(array): tamanhoDoArray = len(array) - 1 for i in range( tamanhoDoArray ): for j in range( tamanhoDoArray - i ): if array[j] < array[j + 1]: array[j], array[j + 1] = array[j + 1], array[j] return array array = [2, 1, 5, 4, 3] bubbleSort(array)
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- """ Created on Wed Jun 13 09:06:01 2018 @author: Acer """ a=[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10] sum = 0 n = len(a) #ความยาวใน array number = 1 for i in range (sum,n): #i คือตัวที่ อยู่ใน array ไล่ไปจนครบจำนวน n if number < len(a) : #จำนวนลูป น้อยกว่าจำนวนใน array sum = sum + a[i] number += 1 #เพิ่มค่านับทีละ 1 else : sum = sum + a[i] # บวกเพิ่มตัวสุดท้าย ก่อนแสดงผล print ("Sum of number in array loop " ,number, '=' ,sum)