text
stringlengths
74
42.6k
__index_level_0__
int64
1.06k
12.7k
<s>[INST] What is the main topic of the following response? [/INST] "Still the fastest 500 miles race in the world, it might have been won at record speed but for the tragic accident in which Clive Dunfee lost his life and one of the fastest cars in the race was wrecked for ever."</s>
12,659
<s>[INST] What details can you share about the following response? [/INST] In somewhat strange circumstances, the original logbook was produced in court. It had fallen into the hands of a Mr. Llewellen who apparently had built a car around the registration number and sought to register it. The DVLC initially granted the request  but it came to the notice of the Bentley Drivers Club. Their authentication committee reconsidered the matter and recommended to the DVLC that Mr. Llewellen's car should be de-registered and that it was appropriate to re-allocate the number to the car which was in the process of being rebuilt by Mr. Hubbard. The logbook and its continuation show a continuous history for the car between its first registration on 24th April 1929 until March 1939. The chassis number is shown throughout as LB2332. The engine number is shown as having been changed from LB2336, the 6.5 litre engine, to YH5127, the 8 litre engine.</s>
12,660
<s>[INST] What is the main topic of the following response? [/INST] To the suggestion that the 1929 car had ceased to exist in 1932 he said "Well it did not, because the bulk of the car was fitted within the new side-members so that it was the same car, same wheels, same axle, same steering column, same clutch, same gear box." He then went on to describe what prompted the change of the chassis frame. The 4.5 litre cars all broke their chassis frames, one during the Le Mans race, one on the way home between Le Mans and Dieppe and one on the road from Newhaven to Cricklewood. This caused some anxiety. He also gave more details of his instructions, which were to put together as many parts of the first car, the 6.5 litre car, as possible within the two new side-members. They knew it was going to be used in the 500 miles race later that year and that they should build the car accordingly.</s>
12,661
<s>[INST] Can you provide details about the activities mentioned in the response? [/INST] For admirers not only of Bentley but of prewar cars in general, as well as big saloons and coachbuilt specials, this is one of those books that you really must have in your library. Because it’s mainly all photos and captions, it’s an easy read, which is welcoming for those occasions when you don’t have a lot of time to read anything too in-depth. First published in 1969, with subsequent reprints in 1973, 1974 and 1978, and with the Third Edition released in 2003, this is a product of England-based Dalton Watson Fine Books, which it most certainly is. New copies of some of the earlier versions can still be found and bought for around $50 to $60, with used copies going for about $35. But whatever price you pay, trust me, you will greatly enjoy this book, and quickly find it to be one of the most important - and fascinating – books in your library.</s>
12,662
<s>[INST] What event is described in the following response? [/INST] Mrs Brewer first became aware of SMRL's involvement in the sale of the car when she received SMRL's draft invoice dated 30 May 2007 and also the draft hire purchase agreement from Mr Hardiman who was the finance broker that Mr Mann had introduced her to and to whom he had sent the invoice. SMRL's invoice sought payment of the �40,000 deposit that was due from her for the sale of the car [11]. Until then, Mrs Brewer had no idea that SMRL and not Mr Mann was selling the car since the materials advertising it for sale did not refer to SMRL and Mr Mann had never mentioned its name to either her husband or to her. Thus, Mr Mann must have been acting in his personal capacity when making the contractually enforceable warranty to Mrs Brewer.</s>
12,663
<s>[INST] What details can you share about the following response? [/INST] Origin</s>
12,664
<s>[INST] What is the main topic of the following response? [/INST] The Benjafield’s Racing Club gathered at club member Jonathan Turner’s home at Bowcliffe Hall on Saturday 15 October for the one-off Yorkshire Buccaneer event. Local enthusiasts and car owners enjoyed a day of Yorkshire-themed action at the unique MSA-approved rally, attended by a total of 41 historic cars.</s>
12,665
<s>[INST] Can you provide details about the activities mentioned in the response? [/INST] Dispute � summary. It follows that the dispute is, in essence, three-fold: (1) How did Mr Mann describe the car's engine to Mrs Brewer, was that description accurate, did it have contractual effect and did Mrs Brewer rely on it in a way that induced the three contracts giving rise to the sale of the car? (2) Should the car have been described as a "1930 Speed Six Bentley Car"? (3) What damages can Mrs Brewer recover for any proved breach of warranty or contract?</s>
12,666
<s>[INST] Can you provide details about the activities mentioned in the response? [/INST] In the following article Peter Robertson-Roger gives some hitherto unpublished information about his two supercharged, 4 1/2-litre Bentleys. They were No. 1 and 4 of the late Sir Henry Birkin's famous team, which was financed by the Hon. Dorothy Paget, and raced during the 1929-31 seasons.     Continued...</s>
12,667
<s>[INST] Who are the main participants in the following event? [/INST] ~~</s>
12,668
<s>[INST] What details can you share about the following response? [/INST] The victory in the Le Mans 24-hour race by a 3-litre Bentley is one of which all concerned may feel pretty proud. In England we are able to have no road races at all, and there is nowhere in the country where a race can be held for 24 hours. In spite of this, an English car can go abroad and beat all comers in a race under conditions which our more fortunate continental friends can be much more intimately acquainted with.    Continued...</s>
12,669
<s>[INST] What details can you share about the following response? [/INST] The three-litre Bentley chassis has the distinction of having won its way in a remarkably short period of time, being first produced so recently as 1921. This has largely been due to its successes in various sporting events, culminating in the winning of the Rudge-Whitworth Cup in the Grand Prix d'Endurance in Juno last year. For some time there have been two types of three-litre chassis produced, known as the " Long-wheelbase Model " and the "Short-wheelbase Speed Model " respectively; it is the latter which we were recently able to test on the road.   Continued...</s>
12,670
<s>[INST] What is the main topic of the following response? [/INST] Conclusion � Mrs Brewer's claims for damages. Mrs Brewer is entitled to both heads of damages as claimed by her and is also entitled to an indemnity from both Mr Mann and SMRL against any outstanding liability she might have to Fortis. (2) Fortis's counterclaim against Mrs Brewer</s>
12,671
<s>[INST] Can you provide details about the activities mentioned in the response? [/INST] In his e-mail (Jan 30, 2012) to Robert McLellan , Detlef Heyer wrote, "I am the owner of the Syd Lawrence Special, Chassis No. 102/50 ML, Engine No. 102/50 ML. This car is not a replica but was built by Syd Lawrence from 1949 to 1951 on a 3 ltr original chassis with 4.5 ltr original engine. The car was raced by Syd in GB national events in Silverstone and Goodwood in 1951, 1952, 1953, 1954 and 1956 with good results. Any more history known?"</s>
12,672
<s>[INST] Who are the main participants in the following event? [/INST] Mr Mann sought to persuade the court in his oral evidence that there was no significant difference in value between a car with a Standard 6�-litre engine with an unproved ability to satisfy a Speed Six specification and one containing one of the few surviving W.O. Speed Six engines that had been rebuilt and which was still in good condition. This evidence is both self-evidently wrong and highly damaging to Mr Mann's general credibility and reliability.</s>
12,673
<s>[INST] Can you provide details about the activities mentioned in the response? [/INST] At this stage I must refer to the evidence of Mr. Walter Hassan. He is now 85 years of age. He is a most remarkable man. He is acknowledged as being the master mechanic who looked after and ministered to and I have no doubt cherished the racing cars of the Bentley team, and in particular the Speed 6's. He gave me a short description of his life in mechanical engineering and he must have a reputation second to none. At least in this country if not outside it.</s>
12,674
<s>[INST] Who are the main participants in the following event? [/INST] MR. M. ROSEN, instructed by Carter Faber, London EC4Y 9AY, appeared on behalf of the plaintiff. MR. R. SLOWE, instructed by Dibb Clegg, London WC2A 1NE, appeared on behalf of the defendant.</s>
12,675
<s>[INST] What details can you share about the following response? [/INST] The above history is an example of an ongoing process in unraveling the mysteries of a car's origin. You will enjoy reading the entire history of Chassis No. 564 as we know it. And perhaps you know something about the car before it passed into Roy's hands in 1966. If so, please submit information here.</s>
12,676
<s>[INST] What details can you share about the following response? [/INST] A much more straightforward solution, dependant on one of Houlding's most closely guarded secrets, was provided for a client wishing to 'create' a Blower 4½ — always a delicate area because of the astronomical sums they attract. Says Houlding: A lot of genuine parts including an engine had been assembled but the chassis side rails obtained were not numbered and needed authenticating. The only way of telling an original Blower frame is by four small but unique holes. They were there, and my client was able to carry out a totally honest reconstruction." Replica team cars are sensitive ground for Bentley aficionados and in the interests of future generations Houlding would like to see better research by their creators.</s>
12,677
<s>[INST] Can you provide details about the activities mentioned in the response? [/INST] Car as delivered in 1930. The first registered owner of the car was a Miss Unwin about whom nothing is now known. It is recorded that she took delivery of the car in February 1930, that her coachbuilder was Freestone & Webb and that the car had a saloon body built on the Weymann principle.</s>
12,678
<s>[INST] What is the main topic of the following response? [/INST] When one thinks about doing a camping trip of a life time – a 4100-km grand tour of Europe – they think long and hard about what type of car they should take on such a journey. They may think of taking a VW Westfalia or a Volvo wagon. Maybe even a small SUV. What doesn’t come to anyone’s mind is taking an antique Bentley. Well, nobody except Anthony Belcher. Most people probably base the decision on what car to take based on fuel consumption, leg room, comfort and reliability. They would not come up with a 1925 Bentley Vanden Plas bodied tourer. But that didn’t stop Anthony from starting up the three-litre motor that was nearly 90 years old, packing up a tent in the trunk and hitting the open road with his wife, Ros. The six-week long trip from their home in Britain, to eastern France, then to Belgium, Luxembourg, Germany, Switzerland and Italy. Then they’d head back to the south of France then to Calais and finally back home.</s>
12,679
<s>[INST] What details can you share about the following response? [/INST] ~~</s>
12,680
<s>[INST] What event is described in the following response? [/INST] The first answer to Fortis's contention that Mrs Brewer has lost the right to reject is provided by section 13(1)(b) of the Unfair Contract Terms Act 1977 which renders void any contractual provision that excludes or restricts the bailee's contractual rights such as her right to reject the car. Mrs Brewer's right to reject has been restricted by clause 2 since that clause has the effect of her being presumed to have accepted the car even when, as in this case, she had not in fact accepted it. Instead of accepting the car, which would have involved her in inspecting the car or having it inspected to satisfy herself that she was accepting the car in its proffered state, she relied on Mr Mann's contractual warranty and his written and verbal misrepresentations that the car contained a Speed Six engine that in performance satisfied the Speed Six specification. Thus, Mrs Brewer's right to reject has not been lost notwithstanding the contractual provision that she was to be presumed to have accepted the car when it was delivered to her.</s>
12,681
<s>[INST] Can you provide details about the activities mentioned in the response? [/INST] Chris Tutton - Dec 30, 2013 My late father Eric Tutton did have some mechanical problems with the cars (XU 3281 / KD 123). However, in your latest newsletter, you refer to oil lubrication problems with the 3 litre. I have to say that there was never, I repeat never, trouble with the lubrication of those engines! Even with the greater-stressed 3/4 1/2 that we ran did that engine suffer the complaint that you mention! Boiling water and cross-shaft gears maybe. Yours, Chris Tutton</s>
12,682
<s>[INST] What event is described in the following response? [/INST] I am therefore reinforced in my conclusion that Mr Mann reconstructed the Standard 6�-litre engine using parts taken from the Speed Six engine already in his possession and parts acquired from other sources including those evidenced by the disclosed invoices. This conclusion is highly relevant in assessing the truthfulness and reliability of Mr Mann's evidence as to what he stated to Mrs Brewer about the engine since, as I have concluded, it was he who had reconstructed the engine nearly thirty years earlier. Despite the passage of time, it is inconceivable that he had forgotten that he had undertaken that work when he spoke to Mrs Brewer about the engine in 2007. My findings about that meeting, that are adverse to Mr Mann, are set out below[7]</s>
12,683
<s>[INST] What details can you share about the following response? [/INST] Additional engine work including valves; pistons; rings; camshaft drive gear; bearings and camshaft; crankshaft; vibration damper; con rods and water pump was completed. The suspension components were attended to as they were off the chassis. New half-shafts with bearings were installed. The prop shaft and the diff. were rebuilt. The body was re-mounted and the work was completed in 1986.</s>
12,684
<s>[INST] What is the main topic of the following response? [/INST] Left Torquay for the New Forest. A busy day. Met up with Richard (who came to visit us at the Imperial Hotel with Natasha the night before) and a couple of his work colleagues just outside Exeter. Took Richard for a spin and he piloted the 6.5 litre easily through 1st, 2nd and 3rd gear with 4th still a work in progress. Then drove down the Devonshire coast and checked out all the chisel beaches - sand the size of marbles! Every where we stopped there were school children as the teachers were on strike. Parents and non-striking teachers took the kids out for a hands on cultural field trip. In the evening we met up with Roger's friends from Switzerland at Rhinefield House where we were staying, a beautiful Gothic building set on 40 acres of gardens and woods in the heart of the New Forest.</s>
12,685
<s>[INST] Can you provide details about the activities mentioned in the response? [/INST] From a motoring perspective we had the left magneto only firing on one or two cylinders (both mags have been fully reconditioned for the trip), the cause of the problem was probably excessive moisture after the rains and poor contacts between the rotor and the six contact points, our service crew spent a couple of hours on it and we have full power again for our drive to Port Elizabeth.</s>
12,686
<s>[INST] Can you provide details about the activities mentioned in the response? [/INST] (2) Mr Mann's history of involvement with vintage Bentleys</s>
12,687
<s>[INST] Can you provide details about the activities mentioned in the response? [/INST] This truly one-of-a-kind motorcar, despite its obvious aesthetic appeal and collector importance, is almost entirely a historic mystery. There is virtually no documentation available that this writer could unearth. This includes contacting enthusiasts in France that have familiarity or expertise with Saoutchik. The Bentley Motors factory records, which normally yield much information about a car, its early owners and early mechanical history, are amazingly devoid of detail. There is only the original purchaser’s name and address and the most basic chassis specifications Based on a verbal description provided to SB2769’s current owner, the original paint was cobalt blue with light leather interior and light canvas. SB2769 had its original paint and interior up until its first and only restoration in the 1980’s while in the ownership of its third owner, Robert Martin of Texas, USA. What with the scanty traditional documentation, most of the car’s historic details are derived from a copy of the one article that appeared in a 1952 issue of Road & Track magazine. A photocopy of the original article has survived. It is supplemented by the recollections of the current owner.</s>
12,688
<s>[INST] Who are the main participants in the following event? [/INST] Continuous history. Mr Mann did not show or provide to Mr or Mrs Brewer any documents relating to the car's continuous history prior to SMRL selling it to Fortis. When the hire purchase agreement had been concluded, Fortis authorised Mr Mann to release the car to Mrs Brewer and Mr and Mrs Brewer went to SMRL's premises and took delivery of the car. The only documents that Mr Mann provided them with were the receipts that Mr James had earlier provided him with that related to the servicing history of the car in the twenty six year period between 1981 and 2006. Mr Mann told the Brewers that those were the only documents he then possessed. This was an inaccurate statement since he was implying that there were a variety of other documents that provided a continuous history of the car that had existed but which were not in his possession. However, as is now known, there were very few other documents in existence and the car did not have a continuous history since the only other historical documents that had ever existed were the log books and a number of invoices relating to the reconstruction work that he had carried out in the period 1977 � 1980 which Mr Mann subsequently produced by way of late discovery in these proceedings and which must have been in his possession when Mrs Brewer took possession of the car.</s>
12,689
<s>[INST] What details can you share about the following response? [/INST] We were looking for that nearly extinct beast, a Blower with its original body; the majority of the survivors were by then re-invented as boy racers. We bought her from Mr. Carter in 1981 and started a restoration. The car was in remarkably preserved condition though it did not have top bows, (nor does it have them now). Other than that, nothing was seriously missing. The rear end had been cut back a bit, but this was easily restored. Beyond this, all external metal was original. There were no missing instruments. The original engine and the D-type gearbox were intact and really did not require much internal fettling, although they were refreshed. The sump had to have repairs because oil had been laying in it for decades and this ate through the metal in some spots.</s>
12,690
<s>[INST] What is the main topic of the following response? [/INST] He then goes on to describe that race.</s>
12,691
<s>[INST] What is the main topic of the following response? [/INST] OX 6934 was a 1928 4½ litre Bentley and, although it had no body, petrol was unobtainable, and he didn't know how to drive it, Father forked out £125 and the chassis was pushed round into The Lane and into our garage...   Continued...</s>
12,692
<s>[INST] Can you provide details about the activities mentioned in the response? [/INST] Following her marriage to Mr Brewer in November 2002, Mrs Brewer developed a considerable interest in vintage racing Bentley cars, no doubt originally because she wanted to share one of her husband's principal interests. By the spring of 2007, she had decided to buy a vintage Bentley for pleasure and as an investment and that her acquisition should be either an 8-litre or a Speed Six. She took advice on this from her husband who has been a Bentley enthusiast for many years, has owned and raced several vintage Bentleys in the past and who owns various books about vintage Bentleys. Mrs Brewer acquired some of her husband's knowledge to assist her in her to develop her relatively newly found enthusiasm for vintage Bentleys.</s>
12,693
<s>[INST] What is the main topic of the following response? [/INST] The gearbox was his biggest nightmare: "The gears were worn but usable, but I had to remake many of the missing parts including the complete gearlever shaft from scratch." Competition for parts was a problem, particularly with Hay's limited budget. One enquiry was typical when the vendor asked: "How many 8-litres do you have?" "I have one 3-litre and most of it is under my bed," was Hay's response. His eccentric case not surprisingly endeared him to owners and specialists.</s>
12,694
<s>[INST] Who are the main participants in the following event? [/INST] Overall conclusion. In the result, Mrs Brewer's claims succeed against each defendant, Fortis's counterclaim fails and Mrs Brewer is entitled to damages against each defendant. HH Judge Anthony Thornton QC.</s>
12,695
<s>[INST] What details can you share about the following response? [/INST] The unique design has traditional coachwork construction with aluminum paneling over seasoned ash with steel wings. The top mechanism is another matter, however. The car has four lights all of which lower into the coachwork so as to provide full protection from the elements with hood up or full open car touring. With the hood lowered it has nearly a "fold-flat" appearance. I assumed until the 2005/6 restoration that this was a Mulliner design in its entirety. Only when the body came off and the hood mechanism was removed and disassembled did I discover that the hood mechanism was a "bought-in" item and contained a hidden manufacturer's plate. It is a "Beatonson Patent Head," number 4643 patented by Beaton & Son, London NW 1C. It is an ingenious affair providing for not only the folding of the top bows, but the folding of the metal window frames and channels for all four windows. It allows for the complete collapse of the lot while accomplishing the "fold-flat" appearance. It is so complex, yet sturdy, that Jim and David Pearce would only disassemble and restore one side at a time while retaining the other side complete and assembled as a pattern for the reassembly process. The door windows utilize the traditional chain operated window winder assemblies while the rear windows incorporate "Pullman-type" leather pull straps fitted into little fitted cubbies in the side paneling to keep the straps from flopping about when the hood is down. The window frames for the doors provide for the front window frame to be fixed to the door in the vertical position which then nest into the rear of the windscreen frames while the rearward door window frames simply fold forward onto the door capping rail. It is a very clever and tidy arrangement and I have yet to see a similar installation on any other car although there must be others, I'm sure. Although this may be heresy to the "never raise the hood under any circumstances" bunch, I have had the hood up in very cold and/or wet weather and the car is very weather tight and warm — yes I said warm! The interior is draft free and there is virtually no wind noise at speeds up to 70 mph. There are little door and window seals throughout to keep it very civilized. There is no need for a heater in cold weather driving with some decent clothing. In fact, the windows need to be kept open a bit to keep the interior from becoming too warm. A very civilized arrangement for three-season touring. The windscreen is flat and fixed with fixed triangular front quarter windows. The seat is a very comfortable and wide bench seat with separate bottom cushions. There are large map pockets fitted to the doors with full instrumentation to the dashboard. All of the instruments are very rare and are as originally supplied with the chassis. The speedo, oil pressure gauge and main light switch have the "Big Bentley" script on the instrument faces. There are auxiliary switches which operate the dashboard lamps (2), the interior light (fixed to the rear hood frame and very handy at night) and the spot lamp. Side cowl vents provide warm weather ventilation.</s>
12,696
<s>[INST] Can you provide details about the activities mentioned in the response? [/INST] Now these cars were light, probably weighing under on ton; they had no front wheel brakes and the bodies were somewhat exiguous. Thus one very important way to increase performance is to add lightness. (W.O. must have been sadly disappointed when vast saloon coachwork was fitted to some of his chassis). All that the company did in the early days to prepare the cars for racing, was to remove those parts allowed by the regulations, carefully assemble the engine, so that it operated as designed and was free running, and to ensure that what brakes there were, operated efficiently, and that the chassis was free rolling. Although the car designers seemed to pay scant attention to the principles of Ackerman steering geometry, they would have ensured that each steering arm had the same offset and that when the car was pointing in a straight line, the drag link steering ball pin was on the centre line of the front axle. They did at this time, of course, experiment with lightened hourglass pistons and 4 bolt rods. In fact there is a rod at Club office which is more air than rod — a very delicate object! Before one goes racing remember, that however one thrashes the car on the road, it is at naught as to what happens on the racing circuit and the adrenalin consigns the wallet to the back pocket! Thus, if a car is raced for 10 laps of, say, Silverstone, that is equivalent to at least 500 miles of normal road use. So be prepared for some more than usual expenditure. I well remember a friend modifying a Bentley for racing, (Speed six rear axle, 'D' gearbox, uprated 4½ litre engine etc.), and he said that when he saw the shards of rubber being torn off the front racing covers at the first corner, he slowed down and had a mental consultation with his bank manager!</s>
12,697
<s>[INST] What event is described in the following response? [/INST] ~~</s>
12,698
<s>[INST] Who are the main participants in the following event? [/INST] A smile spread across Bill Hardy's face as he talked about buying one of the most coveted of all vintage cars. The year was 1943. There was a wartime ban on non-essential private motoring in Britain, so the supercharged Bentley had been languishing in an orchard. It had been listed at £1720 — an enormous price for a car — when new in 1930. Mr. Hardy bought it for £140. Continued...</s>
12,699
<s>[INST] What details can you share about the following response? [/INST] The first World War had brought about great advances in the development of the piston engine, materials and fuel. It also brought about changes in the social life of the country and the redistribution of wealth. Nevertheless, there were plenty of young men coming out of the Services with money to burn and bent on combating the inevitable boredom which occurs between the ending of the excitements of war and the process of settling down to peace-time England. Practically no cars for private use had been made since 1914, and such second-hand ones as would be available, would command fantastic prices and would have no performance to speak of in any case. It was against this background, that W. O. Bentley found himself with his engineer's training, his experience in the development and racing of the French D.F.P. sports car before the war, and in the design and development of aircraft engines, in particular the Bentley Rotary engine, during the war. Before the war ended W. O. had already formulated his ideas for a reliable, reasonably comfortable, quiet but fast motor car of sporting type which could be owner-maintained. Taking for his inspiration the principles on which the pre-war racing Peugeot and Mercedes engines had been made, he settled down in January 1919, in New Street Mews (off Baker Street) in London, with F. T. Burgess from Humber's and Harry Varley from Vauxhall, with both of whom he had worked during the war, to make detailed drawings of the new car. Clive Gallop joined the team, and in September Nobby Clarke (Chief Petty Officer R. A. Clarke, D.S.M., R.N.A.S.) also joined. It was Nobby Clarke, later to become Head Mechanic, who put together the first 3 Litre Bentley engine which started for the first time in October 1919. A semi mock-up of an engine and chassis was on view at the Olympia Motor Show in November 1919. In December 1919 the first complete Bentley, Experimental No. 1, underwent a road test in the hands of Sammy Davis of The Autocar, whose report was published in January 1920. THE PROTOTYPE The engine had four cylinders cast en bloc with four aluminium water jackets and a single overhead camshaft operating four valves per cylinder, driven by a vertical shaft from the front end of the crankshaft. The valve operating gear was enclosed by two inclined covers. A magneto on the offside and the water pump on the nearside of a cross shaft were driven by gears off the vertical shaft. Water was delivered through the cylinder jacket on the nearside and was returned to the radiator by a water rail fed by five curved branch pipes from the top of the cylinder block. A single Claudel Hobson CZP carburettor on the nearside supplied mixture to the cylinders through a ram's horn induction pipe. Lubrication was by dry sump and oil was pumped under pressure to the main and big ends and to the camshaft. Excess oil from the camshaft was returned to the sump by external pipes to the crankcase breathers. Power was delivered to the rear wheels through a cone clutch, 'A' type gear box, pot joint universals and spiral bevel rear axle. The frame of deep section was made of high grade steel. EARLY DEVELOPMENT During 1920 and 1921, as a result of continuing testing and competition work in sprints, hill climbs and racing on Brooklands, the development of the 3 Litre proceeded. Following lubrication problems with the dry sump, a wet sump was designed having cooling tubes running through it. However, the tubes soon became blocked with road dirt and this sump was discarded in favour of a unit having a large separate oil tank under the crankcase. A second magneto was fitted to the water pump end of the cross shaft and the water pump was moved in front of the vertical shaft housing and was driven by a skew gear from the magneto cross shaft. Provision for a second set of plugs had been incorporated in the original cylinder block casting in anticipation of future developments. The original two-cam per cylinder camshaft was replaced by a triple-cam per cylinder shaft whose direction of rotation was reversed. A small dynamo was driven from the rear end of the camshaft through a geared-up (3:1) set of gears in its own box. The cam case was now enclosed in a half cover with a large oil breather in the centre and the drain tubes led to the crankcase through the cylinder jackets. The water rail with up-swept branches gave place to a neat rail along the side of the block just above the exhaust manifold. Very little alteration was made to the chassis except for flattening the pronounced curve of the front end of the frame and the dumb irons. By September 1921, when the first production model was delivered to its owner, the 3 Litre Bentley looked much as we know it today. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF PRODUCTION ENGINE AND CHASSIS The Engine. Four cylinders cast en bloc with bore and stroke 80 x 149 mm. and having a capacity of 2,996 c.c. Each cylinder had four valves and eight valve springs operated by a single overhead camshaft with triple cams per cylinder. The cams operated two single steel rockers to the exhaust valves and a single forked rocker for the two inlet valves. The camshaft was driven by a vertical shaft and bevel gears from the front end of the crankshaft. Aluminium alloy pistons and four bolt shell bearing connecting rods were used. Twin synchronised magnetos driven from a cross shaft fired eight plugs in the order of 1-3-4-2. The carburettor was a Smith 5 Jet Type 45 VS. Lubrication: Oil was piped under pressure from the separate oil tank under the crankcase through the drilled crankshaft to the main and big end bearings and by splash to the cylinder walls and little ends. A separate pipe from the filter, outside the engine on the near side, fed oil to the camshaft bearings and rockers. Surplus oil was returned to the tank via two drain tubes situated between the cylinders and also down the vertical shaft housing. Overhead valve gear: The original BM 1800 camshaft was fitted to the first 160 chassis after which the BM 2391 was used until 1926, when the BM 1800 was reinstated. Both camshafts were hollow and had drilled oil ways for lubricating the five bearings and rocker gear. The complete set of steel rockers were threaded on long (steel) rods supported in a single rocker carrier which ran the whole length of the cam case. Clutch: The clutch was of the inverted cone type lined with Ferodo. The compensated withdrawal mechanism was automatically lubricated. The dynamo: The dynamo, originally geared up through its own gear box, was later driven at camshaft speed and was connected to the camshaft by a flexible coupling. The cooling system: Water was taken from the radiator and pumped to a distribution pipe inside the offside cylinder jacket and was returned to the radiator by a water rail with short branches taking off from the area of the valve seatings. The Chassis. The frame was of high grade steel of deep section, braced fore and aft by two tubular tie bars and four heavy angled cross members, which combined made a rigid frame. The nose of the engine was supported on the front cross member, the gear box on the two centre cross members and the fourth cross member in rear of the rear axle. The gear box: An 'A' type box with four speeds forward and a reverse with positive interlock, and right hand change. The gate was carried on an extension of the box. The speedometer in the early cars was driven by pulley from the propeller shaft; later it was gear driven from the nearside of the gear box casing. The back axle: The final drive was by spiral bevel and pinion encased in a removable nose-piece without disturbing the back axle casing. Brakes: Both the foot and hand brakes operated on the rear wheels and were of the internal expanding type. The brakes were compensated through a balance beam differential. Coachwork: Initially the Company supplied chassis for customers to fit the kind of body they wanted, but to qualify for the Five Years Guarantee the complete car had to be returned to the Works for a final test. Later the Firm was able to sell complete cars with bodies to their own specifications. Handling qualities. By any standards the 3 Litre handled well. Although at low speeds the steering was somewhat heavy, it became easy and light as the speed increased and at all times remained positive. The steering was extremely sensitive to correctly balanced front wheels; each wheel being supplied with four 'studs' on to which lead and fibre rings were threaded and secured with a nut. The tendency of the car was to understeer with the rear end breaking away first but, even on ice, it always gave plenty of warning long before things got out of hand. The brakes, considering the weight of the car, were extraordinarily effective, but considerable pedal pressure was required. The Super Sports model with its very short (9 ft.) wheelbase was tricky to handle at the best of times, being liable to break away at either end almost without warning. TYPES OF 3 LITRE MODELS The Short Standard. This was the first model made and it had a 9 ft. 9 J- in. wheelbase chassis with a low (4-3) compression engine, 'A' Type gear box and 13/51 (or optional 3-53) rear axle ratio. One hundred and forty-one chassis were made in 1922, 44 in 1923 and 8 more during 1924/5. Total production was 193. Each chassis was guaranteed to do 80 m.p.h. on Brooklands Track. The T.T. Replica. Following the Firm's success in the Tourist Trophy race of 1922, a replica chassis, as regards engine, was produced. The compression ratio was raised to 5-3 and the body was the new light sporting four-seater Vanden Plas. Each chassis was guaranteed to achieve 90 m.p.h. Sixty-seven cars of this type were made in 1923 and four in 1924, bringing the total of replicas to 71. The Long Standard. At Chassis No. 161, the 10 ft. 10£ in. wheelbase model was introduced to cater for those who wanted larger or heavier closed bodies for continental touring. This model had the low compression engine, a new wide ratio 'B' type gear box and 13/55 final drive. In 1923, 93 Long Chassis cars were made and in this year the Smith Bentley 45 BVS replaced the Smith 45 VS carburettor. In the next two years production increased rapidly, 266 cars in 1924, 240 cars in 1925. In 1926 production fell to 122 and during the next three years only 79 cars were made because the 6\ Litre and the 4½ Litre were beginning to come into production. In all 800 Long Chassis cars were built-almost half the whole 3 Litre output. Each chassis was guaranteed to do 75 m.p.h. All the cars mentioned so far had blue backgrounds to the 'B' in the winged radiator and fuel tank badges. The Speed Model. The first Speed Model was Chassis No. 356, and the type had the T.T. Replica engine with 5-3 compression, 9 ft. 9$ in. wheelbase, B.H.B. pistons, twin S.U. carburettors ('Slopers'), 'A' type gear box, 3-53 rear axle ratio and front wheel brakes. Each chassis was guaranteed to do 90 m.p.h. Vanden Plas bodies for this model were most favoured but two-seater and saloon bodies could also be fitted. In each of the years 1924/5/6, production was 130/134 cars a year. In 1927 only 88 cars, 1928 21, and 1929 four cars were made bringing the total production for this model up to 507 cars. Except for the T.T. this model supplied all but one of the Firm's racing 3 Litres. All Speed Model Chassis had red backgrounds to the 'B' in the badge. The Light Tourer. It was necessary for the Firm to make a cheaper model to sell quickly at under £1,000 for the complete car in order to help finance the launching of the 6J Litre Bentley. This model had the short chassis, low compression engine, 'B' type gear box and low axle ratio. Forty were made and they did what they were intended to do. Some of these cars have been converted to Speed Model specifications in later years. The Super Sports 100 m.p.h. Model. In 1925, to meet a limited demand for something even more exciting than the Speed Model, a 9 ft. wheelbase chassis with a 61 compression engine with the Speed Model gear box and final drive was produced. The background to the 'B' in the badge was green and the radiator tapered in at the bottom like the Standard 6\ Litre. Only 15 of these chassis were built, but each was guaranteed to do 100 m.p.h. and the guarantee for this model was reduced to one year. The specification of this engine became the standard specification of the Speed Model engine from 1926. Most of the bodies were two seaters, nevertheless, Martin Walter managed to build a four-seater body which complied with the Le Mans regulations for the car which ran in the 1926 Le Mans race. PRODUCTION MODIFICATIONS As experience on road and track was gained, improvements were made to the 3 Litre, but even in the early production stages there were few major modifications to the engine or chassis to correct initial faults. Such modifications as were produced were for the purpose of increasing reliability, power and docility as can be seen from the following paragraphs. 1923. The T.T. Replica, based on the T.T. cars and the Long Wheelbase chassis were introduced as the first link in the separation of the town carriage type of car from the sporting car. 1924. The Speed Model with twin S.U. carburettors came into being as an improved version of the T.T. engine and chassis. Four-wheel brakes of Bentley-Perrot design were fitted to all the new 3 Litre chassis, necessitating a redesigned front axle and modifications to the steering. A single adjustment under the floorboards took up wear on the linings of all four wheels simultaneously. Experiments were tried out with hydraulic brakes, but for a variety of reasons the Firm decided to keep to the rod operated system and in fact used no other system in any of their later models. 1925. A larger header-tank was fitted to all chassis (from No. 1010) which raised the height of the radiator by 1 in. This greatly improved the appearance of the line of the bonnet which previously had sloped downwards. 1926. The original steel rocker arms were replaced by duralumin ones, the initial design of which gave trouble, but was quickly modified. All chassis frames were reinforced and the Long Chassis were fitted with strut gear strengthening plates. The early type of sliding Perrot shafts were found to cause excessive wear and seizure of the shafts after considerable mileages, and to cure this the male and female shafts were pinned and the sliding effect transferred to the frame bracket. Stone guards were fitted to Speed Model radiators and Dunlop tyres were fitted to all chassis. From chassis No. RT 1549 a cast-iron differential casing replaced the original aluminium type. At the end of the year the separate oil tank under the crank-case was replaced by a sump and crankcase in one casting (like that of the 4½ Litre). The capacity remained the same at 2\ gallons. 1927. Speed Model chassis were equipped with 'C type gear box instead of the original 'A' type close ratio box. (The new box was more robust and quieter, but was not nearly as much fun to handle according to some.) 1928. The final changes appeared after the introduction of the 4½ Litre when some parts such as the thicker gauge frame, heavier front axle beds, separate rocker boxes for each cylinder and fixed type top vertical bevels were incorporated in the last of the 3-Litres. THE 3 LITRE IN COMPETITIONS W. O. Bentley set out with the intention of putting into practice what he had learnt from racing the French D.F.P. car before the first World War, and that was that racing was the surest and cheapest way of testing a car, and that success was the cheapest form of advertising. 1921. Some months before the first production chassis were being delivered to their owners, Experimental No. 2 started winning races, hill-climbs and speed trials up and down the country and in the process collected eight 'firsts'. 1922. It was not until a year later, in May and June 1922, that Bentley Motors entered for major races. Early in the year four production chassis, whose engines had shown up well on test, were taken in hand in the Experimental shop where, under Frank Clement, they were stripped down and meticulously rebuilt. Modifications to these chassis included a small, flat, most un-Bentley-like radiator, an outside exhaust system, a 22 gallon fuel tank slung amidships (in addition to the standard 11 gallon tank) and a 2 gallon spare oil tank on the near side between the gear box cross members. The fuel and spare oil were fed under pressure by an air pump under the dash operated by the riding mechanic. High compression pistons were used and a C.Z.P. Claudel Hobson carburettor with heating coils round the induction pipe. A good deal of lightening of parts was done, such as drilled pistons, hand-brake lever, brake drums and filed connecting rods. INDIANAPOLIS. One of these cars was shipped to America to be driven by Douglas Hawkes in the Indianapolis 500 Mile Race. The car was hopelessly outclassed, but it finished the course at an average speed of around 81 m.p.h. after a trouble-free run. The car created a very good impression, but the cost of the venture was fearful at a time when money was in short supply. For all that this very new marque had been tested and had come out with credit. THE T.T. The next event was in June, a month later, when a team of three 3 Litres to be driven by W. O. Bentley, Frank Clement and Douglas Hawkes were entered for the International Tourist Trophy Race in the Isle of Man. This race was somewhat odd in that it was for 3-litre cars when the International formula was for 2-litre cars. The entry list was, therefore, small and the R.A.C., to give it greater spectator appeal, ran a 1,500 c.c. race over a shorter distance, concurrently with the main race, which was over eight laps of the 37J mile circuit. Two Sunbeam and three Vauxhall racing cars and three Bentley modified touring cars started in the race which was run in pouring rain. One Sunbeam and two of the Vauxhalls dropped out leaving the remaining Sunbeam to win with Clement's Bentley 2nd, 'W. O.' 4th and Hawkes 5th. The sole remaining Vauxhall was 3rd. The most important thing for Bentleys was that they won the Team Prize against two teams of well-known racing cars which made for very good publicity. Small time events were not neglected either, for between July and October, Bentleys took no less than 19 firsts in speed events, and private owners were beginning to take a hand. RECORDS. In September, J. F. Duff, one of the Bentley Agents, took single-handed the British 'Double Twelve Hour' record (in England, of course, 24 hour racing was not allowed) at 86-79 m.p.h. covering just over 2,082 miles in the two periods. He also took Class 'D' records (as they were then called) of 1 to 13 hours, 100 to 1,000 miles and 100 to 1,000 kilometres at between 86 and 87 m.p.h. The car weighed 23$ cwt. on the start line, and petrol and oil consumption averaged 14-7 and 85 m.p.g. respectively. 1923. LE MANS. While Bentley Motors continued to pile up successes in minor meetings, John Duff, impressed with the reliability of the 3 Litre, persuaded 'W. O.' to prepare his record-taking 3 Litre for a 24 hour race to be held at a place called Le Mans, in France. 'W. O.' thought it was a mad idea, but unwillingly agreed and lent him Frank Clement as co-driver. In the event the car ran well and, in spite of no front-wheel brakes, finished equal 4th, and in the hands of Clement set up the first Sports Car lap record at Le Mans at 66-69 m.p.h. During the race, trouble was experienced with stones flung up by the car in front, breaking lamp glasses and puncturing the petrol tank. In future years Bentleys were fitted with stone guards on radiator, lamps and tanks. A month later Duff entered the same 3 Litre privately (in company with a locally-owned Bentley) in a touring car G.P. at San Sebastian. Neither car did any good, although they were ahead of the Hispanos and Peugeots which suffered from tyre troubles. Duff was leading at an average of 65 m.p.h. when a stone hit him in the face and caused him to crash. The second Bentley retired shortly before the end of the race. For this magnificent drive Duff was given, ex gratia, the 3-litre class prize. BOULOGNE. In September, three 3 Litres were entered for the Georges Boillot Cup at Boulogne to be driven by Frank Clement, Bertie Moir and John Duff, the first two cars being Works entries. Clement burnt out a new type of magnesium alloy piston and retired. Duff had hit a cow in practice, the result of which showed up in the race, and Moir, in spite of continual carburettor trouble, managed to finish without distinction. 1924. LE MANS. Duff again entered his Works-prepared 3 Litre, a new car with front-wheel brakes and stone guards all round. The Bentley's speed and reliability told as the opposition gradually fell out; then the Bentley was in trouble itself with a jammed gate, the windscreen broke away and finally swollen hubs delayed the car for 40 minutes while a wheel was changed. In spite of all these tribulations, the Bentley won the race at 53-78 m.p.h. and recorded the Firm's first win at Le Mans. 1925. LE MANS. The Firm entered two new cars, one driven by Clement and Duff and the other by Kensing ton Moir and Dr. J. D. Benjafield. The 'Le Mans Start' was first used in this race. Segrave's Sunbeam and Moir's Bentley had a great duel for 15 laps, when the Bentley ran out of fuel due to a miscalculation as to the extra amount of fuel a Bentley would use when racing with the hood up. As the rules did not allow filling up under 20 laps, Moir was out of the race. Duff continued with the second car until a petrol pipe broke causing an hour and a half's delay. (For the future all racing Bentleys had duplicated pipes and change-over taps.) Clement and Duff continued through the night making up for lost time until the early hours of the morning, when a carburettor fire caused too much damage for the car to continue. Future S.U. 'Sloper' carburettors had a strengthening rib underneath the float chamber. A 34-litre Lorraine-Dietrich won the race at 57-84 m.p.h. RECORDS. In September, Benjafield and Duff, in the latter's 3 Litre, made two attempts at Montlhery on the 24 Hours Class 'D' record. In the second attempt they took it at 95-03 m.p.h. 1926. RECORDS. The Firm attempted in April to take the 24 Hours Class 'D' record at Montlhery at over 100 m.p.h. The drivers were Barnato, Clement and Benjafield, in the latter's very short chassis Brooklands 3 Litre with a light body. After taking the 12 Hours at 97-54 m.p.h., the car retired. A second attempt was made at the end of April with the same car and drivers. This time only the Six Hours record was taken at 102-2 m.p.h. before the car was retired. The final attempt was made at the end of June using, again, Benjafield's short chassis with a long tailed, very light, streamlined body. The drivers were the same, but with the addition of Duller. The 12 Hours record was taken at 100-96 m.p.h. Four hours later the car was crashed during a thunder storm in dramatic circumstances which put off further attempts indefinitely. LE MANS. A team of three new cars were entered; two Speed Models driven by Benjafield/Davis and Clement/Duller, and a Super Sports 9 ft. car driven by Thistlethwayte and Gallop. By 4 a.m., Bentleys were 5th, 7th and 8th. Two hours later Duller retired with valve stretch due to over-revving, and at 9 a.m. Gallop brought in the 9 ft. chassis with a broken rocker. The Davis/Benjafield car was then running 3rd, three laps behind the Lorraine in front. With orders to take second place and with failing brakes, Davis over did it at Mulsanne and was out of the race 20 minutes before the end. The Lorraines came in 1st, 2nd and 3rd, the winner averaging 66-08 m.p.h. The Benjafield/Davis Bentley was numbered 7 in this race and, as a result of its dramatic failure, was for ever afterwards known as 'Old No. 7'. BOULOGNE. Benjafield bought 'Old No.7'andentered it for the Georges Boillot Cup race in September with Kensington Moir as his co-driver. On the 13th lap, when Benjafield was in 3rd position, he crashed the car badly and was himself taken to hospital. Both subsequently recovered fully from their injuries. 1927. THE SIX HOURS. Four 3 Litres were entered for the Essex Six Hours race at Brooklands, two of the Works' cars, one driven by Clement and the other by Benjafield and Barnato; and the two private entries of Callingham and the Birkin brothers. All but the Birkin car had the new type of duralumin rocker arms and these broke up one after the other during the race and the cars retired. Tim Birkin's car had lost all its gears except 3rd, when Clement took the car over, and between them they drove it into third place behind Duller's Sunbeam and Davis's Alvis. LE MANS. The Works entered three cars. The first of the new 4½ Litres driven by Clement and Callingham and the two 3 Litres which ran in last year's race, driven by Benjafield and Davis (in 'Old No. 7') and Duller and Baron D'Erlanger in the other. The race started at 4 p.m. as usual, and the three Bentleys ran away from the rest of the field. At 9.30 p.m. all three Bentleys were involved in the 'White House Crash'. Two of them were out for good and the third, 'Old No. 7', so badly damaged it was doubtful if it could continue. Davis managed to get the car to the pits. In spite of a bent front axle, twisted chassis, cracked steering arm ball joint, a broken headlamp, loose and flapping offside running-board and wing, the two drivers in turn kept the car going through the night and the next day, even increasing speed to destroy the leading Aries and finally winning the race at 61-35 m.p.h. This was the last of the nine races in which Works prepared and entered 3 Litres took part. With their second win at Le Mans the Firm's luck had at last turned and in a blaze of glory (for wasn't she the Guest of Honour at the Savoy?), 'Old No. 7' handed over the torch to the new 4½ Litre.</s>
12,700
<s>[INST] Who are the main participants in the following event? [/INST] Mike and Marianne Knowles, from Auckland, along with their 1924 3-litre short-chassis, red-label, speed-model Bentley are part of the New Zealand Bentley Tour 2010, which started on January 20 in Christchurch and finishes on March 6 in Auckland.</s>
12,701
<s>[INST] What event is described in the following response? [/INST] By 1976, Mr Mann had decided that he wanted to go racing with a Speed Six. He had a good working relationship with Mr Tony Townshend who was also a restorer of vintage cars. Mr Mann could not afford an original Bentley Le Mans car, not surprisingly since he considered that an original Le Mans racer would have cost at least �3m at that time. Mr Mann was interested in acquiring an original Speed Six which he could restore, rebuild or reconstruct to his own specification. Mr Townshend said he had such a car which was in considerable disrepair and needed fully restoring. That led to Mr Mann visiting Mr Townshend where he found, hanging on a peg in the workshop, a chassis in very poor condition. Resting nearby were two axles and a steering column which Mr Townshend told Mr Mann had come from the same car. There was nothing else. Clearly, the bodywork would have rusted away and disintegrated many years previously but there was no engine or other parts of the chassis such as the radiator, wheels, hubs, fuel tank and suspension. Mr Mann stated in his witness statement that many of these parts were also with the chassis but he accepted in his oral evidence that he only acquired the axles and steering column in addition to the severely corroded chassis.</s>
12,702
<s>[INST] Can you provide details about the activities mentioned in the response? [/INST] When the ordinary model of the Austin Seven made its appearance in the year 1923, few motorists had the slightest idea that it was destined to reach the high position it occupies to-day in the esteem of the sporting motorist, and the present "Brooklands" Super-Sports model certainly opens up possibilities for many a keen owner to whom the ownership of a really fast car had previously been a cherished ambition.   Continued...</s>
12,703
<s>[INST] What details can you share about the following response? [/INST] Bentley cars of the 1920s have been called many things in various countries. For example, "classic", "Cricklewood" W.O. Bentleys, but today the title Vintage Bentley is almost universally used and understood.</s>
12,704
<s>[INST] What details can you share about the following response? [/INST] Thus, the statement that the engine was "to Speed Six specification" could have meant one of two things and either of these meanings was misleading. Firstly, the statement could have meant that both the static and dynamic parts of the specification had been satisfied. If so, it would follow that the engine was being held out to be a Speed Six engine and was not merely "to Speed Six specification" since only an original Speed Six engine could satisfy both parts of the specification. Secondly, the statement could have meant that the engine met the dynamic or performance part of the specification in which case the statement was untrue since Mr Mann had never formally tested the engine under working or load conditions and he possessed no test certificate for that reconstructed engine which showed that the specified performance requirements had been met under working conditions. Moreover, on the basis of the evidence adduced at the trial, I have already found that the engine did not in fact satisfy the performance parts of the BDC's specification. Thus, if Mr Mann referred to the engine as being "to Speed Six specification", he was either confirming that the engine was a Speed Six engine or he was making an inaccurate statement about the engine's capabilities. In either sense, this phrase was both inaccurate and a misrepresentation.</s>
12,705
<s>[INST] What details can you share about the following response? [/INST] One day Mr. Tyreshoes told Father that he knew of a 6½-litre Bentley - "It's at Old Thoday's place, at Jack's Hill". Father couldn't resist this, and off they went. Jack's Hill is on the old A1 at Stevenage, and Jack's Hill Cafe was a favourite stopping off point for hungry travellers, especially late at night...     Continued...</s>
12,706
<s>[INST] What details can you share about the following response? [/INST] (Crewe and Goodwood, 29 June 2012) Just 35 miles away from the fabled Brooklands race circuit where it astonished thousands of spectators eight decades ago by sprinting its way into the record books, Sir Henry ‘Tim’ Birkin’s dramatic 4½ Litre Supercharged ‘Blower’ single seat racing machine returned to record-breaking form by reaching a sale price of £4.5 million when auctioned by Bonhams at the Goodwood Festival of Speed today. This new world-best for Birkin’s striking 240bhp supercharged red racer now outstrips the previous record by a Bentley at auction when the Speed Six known as ‘Old No 2’ achieved £2.8 million at the Le Mans Classic in 2004. At its racing zenith and with the famously fearless and dashing ex-fighter pilot and Le Mans winner Birkin behind the wheel, this unique Bentley was one of the undoubted stars of the high-risk Outer Circuit at Brooklands. In March 1932 Birkin set a record 137.96mph (219.93kmh) at Brooklands, a feat even a man renowned for pushing back the limits in motor sport would describe as hair-raising: “there are bumps which jolt the driver up and down in his seat and make the car leave the road and travel through the air,” said Birkin. Commenting on the exploits of Birkin and his 4½ litre at Brooklands, Richard Charlesworth, Bentley’s Director of VIP and Royal Relations comments: “Birkin along with his Bentley racing friends like Woolf Barnato, Dudley Benjafield and Glen Kidston were true sporting superstars, renowned not only for their driving ability and courage but living life to the full and in some considerable style. They would create the enduring legend of the Bentley Boy racer at Brooklands and Le Mans and this new record price for a Bentley achieved by Bonhams reflects the enduring respect and admiration for their story and their cars.”</s>
12,707