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Isaya Kisekka is an African American agricultural engineer and Professor at University of California, Davis. His research looks to make farmers more productive, efficient, sustainable and profitable. He has pioneered the development of precision irrigation systems. His work has been recognised by the American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers and the National Institute of Food and Agriculture. Early life and education Kisekka was born in Kampala, Uganda. Kisekka studied agricultural engineering at Makerere University. He moved to the United States for his graduate studies, joining the University of Florida. His masters explored evapotranspiration irrigation for tropical fruit in Florida. The evapotranspiration approach looks to apply the correct amount of water at the perfect time, then maintain soil water content in an idea range. His doctorate explored the modeling of groundwater and surface water interactions in South Florida. They deployed these technologies on pistachio orchids near Fresno, California In 2020 Kisekka was honorued by the Irrigation Association with the Excellence in Education Award. He was awarded the 2022 Netafim Award for Advancements in Micro-irrigation from the American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers. Select publications * * * References Category:Living people Category:University of California, Davis faculty Category:Agricultural engineers Category:African-American engineers Category:21st-century African-American academics Category:American agriculturalists Category:American engineers Category:Makerere University alumni Category:University of Florida alumni
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Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Splintered Fate is a 2023 roguelike Beat 'em up Players assume control of the four Turtles Leonardo (Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles) Super Evil Megacorp chose to make Splintered Fate roguelike to differentiate it from previous List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles video games Splintered Fate was announced and released for iOS, iPadOS, macOS and tvOS through Apple Arcade on May 4, 2023. It was later released for the Nintendo Switch on July 17, 2024 and for Microsoft Windows Gameplay Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Splintered Fate is a roguelike Beat 'em up The game features procedurally generated levels spread across various themed environments in the Turtles universe, such as the city and sewers. Players progress through randomized room layouts and encounter various enemies, including mini-bosses that rearrange with each run. Several secrets and items are scattered across these settings. During runs, players collect resources such as Dragon and Dreamer Coins which operate as currency within the game'sworld. The game includes artifacts that provide additional powers and can be unlocked via completing events and tasks during runs. Additionally, the lair provides opportunities to interact with allies such as April O'Neil and Casey Jones (Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles) Synopsis Settings and characters Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Splintered Fate follows the four titular turtles Leonardo (Dominic Catrambone), Raphael (Roger Craig Smith), Donatello (Dale Inghram), and Michelangelo (Yuri Lowenthal) as they venture across New York City is search of their lost master and father, Splinter (Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles) Development Splintered Fate was developed and published by San Mateo, California-based studio Super Evil Megacorp in partnership with Paramount Game Studios. According to lead gameplay designer, Daniel Stansens, the reason the team chose to go for a roguelike direction was to differentiate it from previous List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles video games According to the review aggregate website Metacritic, the
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to lead gameplay designer, Daniel Stansens, the reason the team chose to go for a roguelike direction was to differentiate it from previous List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles video games According to the review aggregate website Metacritic, the PC version of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Splintered Fate received "generally favorable reviews", while the Nintendo Switch version received "mixed or average reviews". Several critics compared the game to Hades (video game) RPGamer'' called the game'spresentation "snappy", saying that the art style was "evocative of many earlier iterations while also maintaining a unique identity". Jim Norman of Gamer Network Lucas White of Shacknews commended the upgrade system for its variety, describing it as "extremely deep". Nintendo Life similarly praised the upgrade system as well as the difficulty curve, while RPGFan noted that each failed attempt still felt rewarding. PC Gamer positively remarked that the game was more welcoming as compared against other roguelikes. GameSpot directed criticism to the games technical issues, particularly the framerate drops during co-op. Nintendo Life similarly critiqued the performance dips and occasional crashes, with Nintendo World Report echoing this sentiment. RPGamer criticized the crashes in addition to the lengthy loading screens, saying in reference to the Switch version that "Splintered Fate'' doesn’tseem particularly well-suited for the seven-year-old hardware". References External links * Category:2023 video games Category:Apple Arcade games Category:Cooperative video games Category:IOS games Category:MacOS games Category:Multiplayer and single-player video games Category:Nintendo Switch games Category:Roguelike video games Category:Super Evil Megacorp games Category:Video games based on Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles Category:Video games developed in the United States Category:Video games set in New York City Category:Windows games Category:Xbox One games Category:Xbox Series X and Series S games Category:PlayStation 4 games Category:PlayStation 5 games Category:TvOS games
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Reka e Keqe is an ethnographic subregion of the greater Reka region of the Dukagjini Plain of western Kosovo, sitting along the border with Albania and covering a number of villages between Gjakova and Junik. It is inhabited almost exclusively by Albanians. Geography Reka e Keqe, which translates to "Bad River" in Albanian language Reka e Keqe lies along one of Kosovo’smain Alluvium History Middle Ages Prior to the Ottoman Kosovo Late Ottoman Period The villages of Reka e Keqe, Has (region) Kosovo War On 27–28 April 1999, Serbian forces conducted a large-scale operation against Albanian civilians named “Operation Reka” in Reka e Keqe, massacring at least 350 ethnic Albanian civilians and expelling thousands more to Albania. With 309 bodies later discovered in mass graves near Belgrade, the massacre in Reka e Keqe stands as one of the gravest War crimes On the morning of 27 April 1999, Serbian forces launched a coordinated sweep through the villages of Reka e Keqe, forcibly expelling thousands of Albanian civilians and killing dozens. 68 civilians were killed in Korenicë alone. At a checkpoint in Mejë, police separated 274 men and boys from the convoys heading toward Albania, later executing them; 252 of their bodies were found in a Batajnica mass graves References Category:Kosovo Ethnographic Regions Category:Albanian ethnographic regions
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upts auxin signaling through the SCFTIR1 pathway. It prevents the activation of genes that typically respond to auxin and blocks the auxin-triggered breakdown of Aux/IAA repressor proteins. As a result, toyocamycin interferes with normal plant development, leading to noticeable effects such as reduced formation of Lateral root Inhibition of phosphatidylinositol kinase Toyocamycin has also been found to inhibit Phosphoinositide 3-kinase Transport mechanism in Candida albicans Toyocamycin
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proteins. As a result, toyocamycin interferes with normal plant development, leading to noticeable effects such as reduced formation of Lateral root Inhibition of phosphatidylinositol kinase Toyocamycin has also been found to inhibit Phosphoinositide 3-kinase Transport mechanism in Candida albicans Toyocamycin shows selective toxicity against Candida albicans, mainly due to its efficient uptake by the fungus through a specific concentrative nucleoside transporter (CNT). In contrast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae is less affected because it lacks this transporter. When the CNT gene from C. albicans is introduced into S. cerevisiae, the yeast becomes sensitive to toyocamycin. Conversely, disrupting the CNT gene in C. albicans makes it resistant, hightlighting the role of this transporter in the drug'santifungal action. References Category:Ribosides Category:Antibiotics Category:Pyrrolopyrimidines Category:Nitriles
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Sua Música () is a Brazilian free music streaming service founded in 2011 by Eder Rocha Bezerra, in the city of João Pessoa, Paraíba On July 17, 2024, Warner Music Group acquired a minority stake in Sua Música, with the three partners Roni Bin, Rodrigo Amar and Alan Trope remaining as controlling shareholders. The partnership aims to expand Brazilian regional music globally. Roni Bin announced plans to open new music production studios in Brazil and Latin America. References External links * Category:Companies based in São Paulo Category:Brazilian companies established in 2011 Category:Android (operating system) software Category:IOS software Category:Music streaming services
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Multimodal representation learning is a subfield of Feature learning Motivation The primary motivations for multimodal representation learning arise from the inherent nature of real-world data and the limitations of unimodal approaches. Since multimodal data offers complementary and supplementary information about an object or event from different perspectives, it is more informative than relying on a single modality. Additionally, it facilitates cross-modal translation, where information can be converted from one modality to another, as seen in applications like image captioning and text-to-image synthesis. The abundance of ubiquitous multimodal data in real-world applications, including understudied areas like healthcare, finance, and human-computer interaction (HCI), further motivates the development of effective multimodal representation learning techniques. Approaches and methods Canonical-correlation analysis based methods Canonical correlation and w_yR^qthat maximizes the correlation between the projected variables: _w_x, w_y w_x^ _ xy w_y w_x w_y^ _ yy w_y such that _xx and _yy are the within-modality covariance matrices, and _xy is the between-modality covariance matrix. However, standard CCA is limited by its linearity, which led to the development of nonlinear extensions, such as kernel CCA and deep CCA. Kernel CCA Kernel canonical correlation analysis (KCCA) extends traditional CCA to capture nonlinear relationships between modalities by implicitly mapping the data into high dimensional feature spaces using Kernel method and K_y with corresponding Gram matrix , KCCA seeks coefficients and that maximize: _ To prevent overfitting, regularization terms are typically added, resulting in: _ where _x and _y are regularization parameters. KCCA has proven effective for tasks such as cross-modal retrieval and semantic analysis, though it faces computational challenges with large datasets due to its O(n^2) memory requirement for sorting kernel matrices. KCCA was proposed independently by several researchers. Deep CCA Deep canonical correlation analysis (DCCA), introduced in 2013, employs neural networks to learn nonlinear transformations for maximizing the correlation between modalities. Graph-based methods Graph-based approaches for
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matrices. KCCA was proposed independently by several researchers. Deep CCA Deep canonical correlation analysis (DCCA), introduced in 2013, employs neural networks to learn nonlinear transformations for maximizing the correlation between modalities. Graph-based methods Graph-based approaches for multimodal representation learning leverage graph structure to model relationships between entities across different modalities. These methods typically represent each modality as a graph and then learn embedding that preserve cross-modal similarities, enabling more effective joint representation of heterogeneous data. One such method is cross-modal graph neural networks (CMGNNs) that extend traditional graph neural networks (GNNs) to handle data from multiple modalities by constructing graphs that capture both intra-modal and inter-modal relationships. These networks model interactions across modalities by representing them as Vertex (graph theory) Other graph-based methods include Graphical model Diffusion maps Another set of methods relevant to multimodal representation learning are based on diffusion maps and their extensions to handle multiple modalities. Multi-view diffusion maps Multi-view diffusion maps address the challenge of achieving multi-view dimensionality reduction by effectively utilizing the availability of multiple views to extract a coherent low-dimensional representation of the data. The core idea is to exploit both the intrinsic relations within each view and the mutual relations between the different views, defining a cross-view model where a random walk process implicitly hops between objects in different views. A multi-view kernel matrix is constructed by combining these relations, defining a cross-view diffusion process and associated diffusion distances. The Spectral decomposition (Matrix) Alternating diffusion Alternating diffusion based methods provide another strategy for multimodal representation learning by focusing on extracting the common underlying sources of variability present across multiple views or sensors. These methods aim to filter out sensor-specific or nuisance components, assuming that the phenomenon of interest is captured by two or more sensors. The core idea involves constructing an alternating diffusion operator by sequentially applying diffusion processes derived from each modality, typically through
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to filter out sensor-specific or nuisance components, assuming that the phenomenon of interest is captured by two or more sensors. The core idea involves constructing an alternating diffusion operator by sequentially applying diffusion processes derived from each modality, typically through their product or intersection. This process allows the method to capture the structure related to common hidden variables that drive the observed multimodal data. See also * Feature learning * Canonical correlation * Deep learning * Multimodal learning * Nonlinear dimensionality reduction References Category:Machine learning
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Bruce Black (born 20th century) is an American Audio engineer He is known for his work as a sound re-recording mixer, acoustical engineer, and Lecture Career Black began work as an audio engineer and Acoustical engineering In 1979, Black took a position working with Deane Jensen of Jensen Transformers. From 1985 to 1986, Black was the audio supervisor on television episodes of The Dick Cavett Show. In 1992, he was stage engineer on the horror film Candyman (1992 film) Black continued working both freelance and on staff for companies including Skywalker Sound, DreamWorks Animation In 2022, Black designed the Dolby Atmos mix room for re-recording mixer Paul Massey (sound engineer) Lectures, publications His written works have appeared in journals and magazines, including Mix (magazine) Black is a lecturer, often appearing at Audio Engineering Society (AES) conventions. In 2023, Black was a presenter at the 154th AES Europe Convention at Aalto University in Espoo References External links * * , official website for MediaRooms Technology * Bruce Black at AES *The Downfall & Redemption of the Old RadioShack SPL Meter Category:Year of birth missing (living people) Category:Place of birth missing (living people) Category:Living people Category:20th-century American educators Category:20th-century American engineers Category:20th-century people from California Category:21st-century American educators Category:21st-century American engineers Category:21st-century people from California Category:American acoustical engineers Category:American audio engineers Category:American film people Category:American lecturers Category:American television people Category:Educators from California Category:Engineers from California Category:Film people from California Category:Immersive audio engineers Category:Re-recording mixers
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Mark A. Kay is an American physician-scientist recognized for his contributions to the field of gene therapy, genome editing, and RNA biology. He has an h-index of 123, and is known for liver-directed gene therapy, demonstrating RNA interference in mammals, and advancing adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector biology. Education Kay earned his B.S. in Physical Sciences from Lyman Briggs College at Michigan State University in 1980, and his M.D. and Ph.D. in Developmental Genetics from Case Western Reserve University in 1987. He completed a pediatric residency, medical genetics fellowship, and postdoctoral fellowship at Baylor College of Medicine in 1993. Career and research Kay began his work in gene therapy in 1990. He was a founding member of the American Society of Gene and Cell Therapy (ASGCT) in 1996 and served as its Vice President, President-Elect, and President from 2003 to 2006. He played a role in establishing the society’sjournal, Molecular Therapy, and advancing gene therapy research during a period of skepticism. Kay has been a long-time editor of Human Gene Therapy. His research has led to advances in gene transfer mechanisms, vector biology, and gene regulation. He demonstrated the correction of Hemophilia B in a large animal model and filed the initial Investigational New Drug (IND) application for systemic administration of recombinant AAV in humans. Kay’steam demonstrated functional RNA interference (RNAi) in whole mammals. His research has also explored microRNA (miRNA)-mediated gene repression, tRNA-derived small RNAs, and their applications in cancer therapeutics. Academic and professional roles From 1993 to 1998, Kay was a faculty member at the University of Washington in the Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine. In 1998, he was recruited to Stanford University, where he currently serves as the Dennis Farrey Family Professor in the Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics and as Head of the Division of Human Gene Therapy in Pediatrics. Honors and recognition Kay was elected to the National Academy of Inventors in 2020. He received the
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Dennis Farrey Family Professor in the Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics and as Head of the Division of Human Gene Therapy in Pediatrics. Honors and recognition Kay was elected to the National Academy of Inventors in 2020. He received the ASGCT Outstanding Investigator Award (2013), the E. Mead Johnson Award for Pediatric Research (2000), and the National Hemophilia Foundation Researcher of the Year Award (2000). He has mentored over 60 scientists. Research and publications Kay has published nearly 300 research articles, including over 30 in high-impact journals such as Nature (journal) Selected publications *Snyder RO et al. (1999). Correction of hemophilia B in canine and murine models using recombinant adeno-associated viral vectors. Nat Med. 5:64–70. doi:10.1038/4751. *McCaffrey AP et al. (2002). RNA interference in adult mice. Nature. 418:38–39. doi:10.1038/418038a. *Grimm D et al. (2006). Fatality in mice due to oversaturation of cellular microRNA/short hairpin RNA pathways. Nature. 441:537–541. doi:10.1038/nature04791. *Manno CS et al. (2006). Successful transduction of liver in hemophilia by AAV-Factor IX and limitations imposed by the host immune response. Nat Med. 12:342–347. doi:10.1038/nm1358. *Grimm D et al. (2008). In vitro and in vivo gene therapy vector evolution via multispecies interbreeding and retargeting of adeno-associated viruses. J Virol.'' 82:5887–5911. doi:10.1128/JVI.00254-08. References Category:Living people Category:American geneticists Category:American pediatricians Category:Stanford University faculty Category:Michigan State University alumni Category:Case Western Reserve University alumni Category:Baylor College of Medicine alumni Category:University of Washington faculty
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OpenAI o4-mini is a generative pre-trained transformer model created by OpenAI. On April 16, 2025, the o4-mini model was released to all ChatGPT users (including free-tier users) as well as via the Chat Completions API and Responses API. Additionally, OpenAI introduced the o4-mini-high model, which was made available exclusively to paid-tier ChatGPT users. The high model offers more advanced features, including higher response accuracy and faster processing times. Unlike earlier models, o4-mini is capable of processing both text and images. It also allows to perform tasks like analyzing whiteboard sketches during its "chain-of-thought" phase. o4-mini API providers says that it'sdesigned to enhance decision-making across sectors by enabling utilities to forecast demand and analyze infrastructure data, supporting healthcare through extraction and interpretation of medical records and diagnostics, and assisting financial institutions with real-time regulatory compliance and risk assessment through automated document analysis and data processing. References Category:Large language models Category:2025 software Category:Generative pre-trained transformers Category:OpenAI Category:ChatGPT Category:2025 in artificial intelligence
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The Age Verification Providers Association (AVPA) is a global trade association based in the United Kingdom representing companies that provide online age verification and age estimation services. It was founded in 2018 to promote standards, regulatory compliance, and public education around digital age assurance. Members The AVPA lists approximately 30 members. Recognition The AVPA is a member of the Mobile Ecosystem Forum and is listed on the Transparency Register for the European Union. References External links * Official website Category:Age verification Category:Trade associations based in the United Kingdom
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YouCam Perfect is a Photo editing software History YouCam Perfect was released in 2014 by Perfect Corp, a subsidiary of CyberLink, a Taiwanese multimedia software company. The app gained popularity for its photo editing tools designed for both casual and professional users. In 2020, YouCam Perfect introduced AI-powered tools for photo editing features. Overview YouCam Perfect operates on a freemium model, offering basic features at no cost while providing access to advanced AI-powered editing tools through in-app purchases and subscription plans. YouCam Perfect includes a variety of tools for photo editing and enhancement. The app has options of built-in designs and templates, making photo editing accessible for users of all skill levels. Its core features include: * Photo editing: standard editing tools such as cropping, rotation, resizing, adjusting brightness, contrast, saturation, and sharpness, as well as filters, effects (such as light leaks, flares, and vintage looks), frames, text overlays allowing to add custom text and stickers to photos, and collages (custom and pre-designed templates with frames, text, and stickers.) * AI-powered enhancements: features such as AI object removal, AI-generated backgrounds, and photo quality enhancement. * Beauty tools: skin smoothing, face reshaping, body tuning, teeth whitening, and eye enhancement. * Generative AI tools: AI-powered transformations, including AI selfies that transform photos into specific themes, avatars, professional headshots, an AI studio for experimenting with various visual effects and enhancements, AI fashion, allowing to apply fashion looks to photos to see how different styles look, and face swap functionalities. References Category:Photo software Category:2014 software Category:Augmented reality applications
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TPC Its chemical formula is . This is a metallochromic indicator widely used in complexometric titrations, particularly for the determination of transition metals. The compound features a thymolphthalein-derived core linked to aminopolycarboxylic acid functional groups. This hybrid architecture grants the compound the ability to preferentially bind specific metal ions through coordinated interactions. Synthesis Thymolphthalexone can be obtained by Mannic condensation reaction Physical properties Thymolphthalexone forms a white crystalline powder soluble in water and organic solvents. Uses Thymolphthalexone and its sodium salt are used as an indicator or photometric reagent for alkaline metal ions, such as those of calcium, strontium, barium, and others. See also *Bromothymol blue *Litmus *Methyl orange *Phenolphthalein *pH indicator *Universal indicator References Category:PH indicators Category:Triarylmethane dyes Category:Phthalides Category:Phenols Category:Isopropyl compounds Category:Tetracarboxylic acids Category:Tertiary amines
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Rinkoff v Baby Cow Productions is a 2025 British High Court of Justice The claimant Joshua Rinkoff had created a YouTube show called "Shambles" that mixed stand-up comedy routines with a backstage sitcom drama, based on his own experience of presenting live stand-up comedy shows. Baby Cow Productions released a TV show Live at the Moth Club, broadcast on UKTV, that Rinkoff claimed infringed his copyright in the format of "Shameless". Following arguments in court, the Recorder Amanda Michaels ruled that, although there were some similarities between the two shows, they were not sufficiently specific to constitute copyright infringement. Legal commentators stated that the case demonstrated that a high level of specificity was required in order to prove copyright infringement in cases involving format claims. Cases cited * Banner Universal Motion Pictures v Endemol Shine Group (re Minute Winner) * Shazam Productions Ltd v Only Fools the Dining Experience Ltd. (re Only Fools and Horses) * Green v Broadcasting Corporation of New Zealand (re Opportunity Knocks (British TV series) References External links * Court judgment in the case of Rinkoff v Baby Cow Productions Category:2025 in United Kingdom case law Category:Copyright law Category:High Court of Justice cases
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Imogen Makepeace is an English climate change activist, a local politician, most recently as mayor of Lewes in East Sussex, a feminist, and a peace campaigner, having been a participant at the Greenham Common Women's Peace Camp in late 1982 and early 1983. Early life and education Little information is available about her early years, other than that she was a student in Brighton in 1982, studying catering. She later had two daughters and, objecting to the practice of women being given the surname of their fathers and husbands, gave her daughters the surname of "Makepeace". As this led to her being called "Mrs Makepeace" at the children'sschool she also adopted that surname. Peace activism The protest against American nuclear-armed cruise missiles being based in RAF Greenham Common, near Newbury, Berkshire in England began with a march from Cardiff in Wales at the end of August 1981. On arrival, some of the marchers decided to form a permanent camp. Makepeace and some friends in Brighton began to pay regular weekend visits to Greenham, taking supplies for the campers with them. In October 1982 she decided to move to the camp. She recalled that there was always some sort of direct action in progress, such as trying to block access of vehicles including buses taking civilian staff to work. In an interview conducted in March 2022 she recalled that the camp was receiving mail from all over the world with messages of support. Career Makepeace was a student midwife between 1997 and 2000. Between 1992 and 2014 she ran The Beautiful Birth Centre, a business that hired heated and filtered birthing pools, and also prepared The Online Directory for all Birth Pool Hire and Sales. Between 2005 and 2010 she was a natal hypnotherapy Green politics Makepeace joined the Green Party of England and Wales (GPEW) in Lewes in 2015. She was elected as a town councillor for the Lewes Priory constituency and,
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and Sales. Between 2005 and 2010 she was a natal hypnotherapy Green politics Makepeace joined the Green Party of England and Wales (GPEW) in Lewes in 2015. She was elected as a town councillor for the Lewes Priory constituency and, in 2019, as a councillor for 2019 Lewes District Council election Her resignation from the GPEW stemmed from her disagreement with the party'spolicy on trans woman Extinction Rebellion Makepeace is a supporter of Extinction Rebellion (XR), a UK-founded global environmental movement, which aims to use civil disobedience to compel government action on climate change and biodiversity loss. She was briefly arrested at the XR's "Declaration of Rebellion" on 31 October 2018 in Parliament Square, London. She was arrested again on London's Waterloo Bridge during XR's 2019 April Rebellion, when gardeners, musicians, cooks and jugglers created a temporary village on the bridge. She participated in other XR events in London, aware that further arrest could lead to prison. In Lewes, XR have held several actions, including a New Orleans style funeral march. References Category:Year of birth missing (living people) Category:British women activists Category:Green Party of England and Wales councillors Category:British anti-nuclear activists Category:British climate activists Category:Living people
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Recurrent metabolic encephalomyopathic crises-rhabdomyolysis-cardiac arrhythmia-intellectual disability syndrome (sometimes referred to as TANGO2 Deficiency) is a rare Metabolic disorder The syndrome affects about 1/1 000 000 births, with about 110 cases having been reported worldwide (at the time of articles publication as February 28, 2025). Symptoms Symptoms of this disorder might include: Very frequent: * Abnormal ECG * Elevated blood creatine phosphokinase * Global developmental delay * Intellectual disability * Ketone bodies in urine * Abnormally increased level of blood lactate Frequent: * Extrapyramidal signs * Rhabdomyolysis, acute * Ataxia * Irregular heart beat * Mild hypothyroidism * Loss of milestones * Delayed speech and language acquisition * Delayed walking * Abnormal liver enzymes * Gastrointestinal dysmotility * Generalised brain atrophy * High blood ammonia levels * Low blood sugar * Involuntary muscle contractions * Increased lactate in body * Prolonged QT interval * Seizure Occasional: * Lazy eye * Positive Babinski sign * Generalised convulsion * Cortical visual impairment * Involuntary rhythmic muscular contractions and relaxations * Swallowing difficulties * Dystonic movements * Elevated plasma acylcarnitine levels * Increased deep tendon reflexes * Increased muscle tone * Infantile spasms * Involuntary, rapid, rhythmic eye movements * Optic-nerve degeneration * Stroke * Supranuclear gaze paralysis Very rare: * Decreased size of head * Sensorineural deafness Also, most of the patients experience so called "TANGO2 spells", which include episodes of difficulty in maintaining the position of the head, salivation, Fatigue Pathophysiology TANGO2 plays role in mitochondrial β-oxidation, consequently in that disease, β-oxidation and Adenosine triphosphate According to one study, TANGO2 also might participate in autophagy process, which might be responsible for rhabdomyolysis in this disease. Diagnosis This disorder can be suspected by symptoms, although diagnosis can be confirmed by a genetic testing. Also, diagnosis is usually made after first episode of life-threatening symptoms (such as arrhythmia). Treatment This disease doesn'thave a cure. Although symptom management is
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can be suspected by symptoms, although diagnosis can be confirmed by a genetic testing. Also, diagnosis is usually made after first episode of life-threatening symptoms (such as arrhythmia). Treatment This disease doesn'thave a cure. Although symptom management is available, and this might include: # Levothyroxine for Hypothyroidism # Supportive treatment for developmental delays # Antiseizure medication Prognosis Life expectancy is limited because the risk of fatal arrhythmia is unpredictable and according to one study median age of death was 6.5 years old. References Category:Genetic diseases and disorders Category:Metabolic disorders Category:Neurodevelopmental disorders Category:Intellectual disability Category:Autosomal recessive disorders
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In solid mechanics and Elasticity (physics) Clinotropic materials are important in fields like geology, materials science, and engineering, where understanding how a material reacts to forces from different directions is crucial. Unlike orthotropic materials, which have distinct properties along three main perpendicular axes (like wood), clinotropic materials vary continuously in directions around a plane, leading to a more intricate mechanical behavior. Formal characterization All the types of anisotropy are characterized by a local symmetry group, which is a point group; and the invariance under this symmetry group lead that the mechanical behavior of a material is characterized by a number of elastic constants and algebraic invariants. Specifically, a clinotropic material has a low-symmetry internal structure, whose point symmetry group has a finite Order (group theory) This type of anisotropy is associated with materials displaying trigonal, monoclinic, and triclinic crystal symmetry, as well as certain composites, rocks, or biological tissues with highly irregular or non-homogeneous microstructures. Due to their high complexity, clinotropic models are primarily used in contexts where accurately capturing directional variability in mechanical properties is essential, such as advanced simulations of heterogeneous media or material characterization in materials science and geophysics. Elastic behavior Trigonal clinotropy Trigonal symmetry represents the clinotropic case with the highest symmetry, requiring the fewest elastic constants six in total. For a linearly elastic trigonal clinotropic
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material, the stress-strain relations, using Voigt notation, are given at each point by: : bmatrix _xx \\ _yy \\ _zz \\ _yz\\ _xz\\ _xy bmatrix bmatrix C_11 & C_12 & C_13 & C_14 & 0 & 0 \\ C_12 & C_11 & C_13 & -C_14 & 0 & 0 \\ C_13 & C_13 & C_33 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ C_14 & -C_14 & 0 & C_44 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & C_44 & C_14 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & C_14 & (C_11-C_12)/2 bmatrix
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0 & 0 \\ C_14 & -C_14 & 0 & C_44 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & C_44 & C_14 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & C_14 & (C_11-C_12)/2 bmatrix bmatrix _xx \\ _yy \\ _zz \\ _yz \\ _xz \\ _xy bmatrix The compliance matrix (flexibility) providing the strain-stress relations has a form analogous to the stiffness matrix (C_ij) above. Monoclinic clinotropy Monoclinic symmetry is characterized by a single Reflection symmetry : bmatrix _xx \\ _yy \\ _zz \\ _yz\\ _xz\\ _xy bmatrix bmatrix C_11 & C_12 & C_13 & 0 & 0 & C_16 \\ C_12 & C_22 & C_23 & 0 & 0 & C_26 \\ C_13 & C_23 & C_33 & 0 & 0 & C_36\\ 0 & 0 & 0 & C_44 & C_45 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & C_45 & C_55 & 0 \\ C_16 & C_26 & C_36 & 0 & 0 & C_66 bmatrix bmatrix _xx \\ _yy \\ _zz \\ _yz \\ _xz \\ _xy bmatrix The compliance matrix has an analogous form. Adapting the notation typically used for orthotropic material :bmatrix _xx \\ _yy \\ _zz \\ _yz \\ _xz \\ _xy
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bmatrix bmatrix 1E_1 & - E_1 & - E_1 & 0 & 0 & -E_1 \\ - E_2 & 1E_2 & - E_2 & 0 & 0 & -E_2 \\ - E_3 & - E_3 & 1E_3 & 0 & 0 & -E_3 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 1G_ 23 & - G_ 23 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & - G_ 31 & 1G_ 31 & 0 \\ -E_1 & -E_2 & -E_3 & 0 & 0 & 1G_ 12 \\ bmatrix bmatrix _xx \\ _yy \\ _zz \\ _yz\\ _xz\\ _xy bmatrix With the following constraints ensuring the matrix remains symmetric: : E_i E_j, G_ 23 G_ 31 The independent constants may be chosen as three Young'smoduli (E_1, E_2,
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Wikipedia:Clinotropic material
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1G_ 12 \\ bmatrix bmatrix _xx \\ _yy \\ _zz \\ _yz\\ _xz\\ _xy bmatrix With the following constraints ensuring the matrix remains symmetric: : E_i E_j, G_ 23 G_ 31 The independent constants may be chosen as three Young'smoduli (E_1, E_2, E_3), three Poisson'sratios (_12, _13, _23), three shear moduli (G_12, G_13, G_23), and four additional constants (_1,_2,_3,_23,), totaling 13 independent elastic constants. Triclinic clinotropy This represents the highest degree of anisotropy, with a trivial symmetry group of order 2. Consequently, its stiffness matrix in Voigt notation has no zero components, requiring 21 elastic constants to define the stress-strain relations: : bmatrix _xx \\ _yy \\ _zz \\ _yz\\ _xz\\ _xy bmatrix bmatrix C_11 & C_12 & C_13 & C_14 & C_15 & C_16 \\ C_12 & C_22 & C_23 & C_24 & C_25 & C_26 \\ C_13 & C_23 & C_33 & C_34 & C_35 & C_36\\ C_14 & C_24 & C_34 & C_44 & C_45 & C_46 \\ C_15 & C_25 & C_35 & C_45 & C_55 & C_56 \\ C_16 & C_26 & C_36 & C_46 & C_56 & C_66 bmatrix bmatrix _xx \\ _yy \\ _zz \\ _yz \\ _xz \\ _xy
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Wikipedia:Clinotropic material
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bmatrix See also * Orthotropic material * Transverse isotropy * Anisotropy * Elasticity (physics) Notes References * * * Category:Continuum mechanics Category:Elasticity (physics) models Category:Materials
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Wikipedia:Clinotropic material
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'''Gwet's AC1 coefficient''' is a statistical measure used to assess inter-rater reliability (IRR) for categorical data. Developed by Dr. Kilem Li Gwet, it quantifies the degree of agreement between two or more raters beyond the level expected by chance. External links * AgreeStat Analytics * irrCAC R package Category:Psychometrics Category:Statistical reliability
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Wikipedia:Gwet's AC1
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Albert Spencer Aretz (pronounced ; born June 11, 1997), known online as Flamingo and originally known as AlbertsStuff, is an American YouTuber known for his gaming and commentary videos, and primarily covers gameplay on the online gaming platform, Roblox. Aretz'schannel was recognized as one of the top ten most-viewed YouTube gaming channels in 2020. He has amassed over 13 million subscribers, and 11 billion views since gaining popularity in late 2017. Early life Aretz was born on June 11, 1997, in North Carolina. He has a sister and a brother, and has mentioned that his mother left when he was young. He started playing Roblox in 2008 and began uploading videos on a channel as "ROBLOXHub" in 2011. After graduating high school in 2015, he briefly attended college but dropped out to pursue YouTube full-time. Internet career Aretz uploaded his first video, titled "Play ROBLOX - Paintball", on July 6, 2011. His channel initially focused on Roblox skateboarding games featuring little to no editing, additionally without voice commentary or webcam. He would launch the "AlbertsStuff" channel on July 19, 2012, but didn'tbegin uploading to it until 2014, where he began featuring Roblox gameplay with voice commentary and video editing. His content on the AlbertsStuff channel, characterized by Black comedy In July 2017, amid YouTube'smass demonetization of content deemed "not advertiser-friendly", Aretz created the "Flamingo" channel to focus on family-friendly gaming videos. He clarified that the upload schedule for the Flamingo channel would not affect his AlbertsStuff channel. However, as the Flamingo channel gained popularity, he began to upload solely to that channel instead of the AlbertsStuff channel. In 2019, Aretz would begin including a webcam to his videos, following a face reveal announcement. In 2020, most of his Roblox content was removed from the AlbertsStuff channel following backlash over a transphobic comment Aretz had made several years prior. Aretz'sconsistent upload schedule and family-friendly content, along
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Wikipedia:Flamingo (YouTuber)
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to his videos, following a face reveal announcement. In 2020, most of his Roblox content was removed from the AlbertsStuff channel following backlash over a transphobic comment Aretz had made several years prior. Aretz'sconsistent upload schedule and family-friendly content, along with the general rise in popularity of Roblox and its platform, caused the Flamingo channel to grow rapidly, surpassing 1 million subscribers in early 2018. It had reached 11 million subscribers by late 2021. Awards In 2022, Aretz was named Creator of the Year at the Roblox#Events References External links * * Category:Living people Category:1997 births Category:YouTube channels launched in 2011 Category:American YouTubers Category:Roblox Category:Commentary YouTubers Category:Comedy YouTubers Category:Gaming YouTubers Category:English-language YouTube channels Category:Gaming-related YouTube channels Category:Comedy-related YouTube channels Category:Let's Players Category:American male comedians Category:Video game commentators
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Wikipedia:Flamingo (YouTuber)
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Chembox Sulfarsazene is a chemical compound with the formula , a metal indicator. Uses Sulfarsazene is used as a metal indicator for the spectrophotometric and titrimetric determination of Pb2+ ions at pH 9.8–10.0 and Zn2+ at pH 9.3–9.6 (color transition from orange-pink to lemon yellow). Physical properties Sulfarsazene is soluble in water, easily soluble in an aqueous solution of sodium tetraborate, slightly soluble in 95% alcohol, practically insoluble in acetone, chloroform, benzene. See also *Bromothymol blue *Litmus *Methyl orange *Phenolphthalein *pH indicator *Universal indicator References Category:PH indicators Category:Complexometric indicators Category:Organoarsenic compounds Category:Aromatic compounds Category:Azo dyes Category:Organic pigments Category:Sulfonates Category:Nitrobenzene derivatives
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Wikipedia:Sulfarsazene
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Joel Horowitz is the Charles E. and Emma H. Morrison Professor of Economics at Northwestern University (US). The focus of his research has been on estimation and inference where knowledge of data generating process is rather weak, on inference where sample sizes are limited and to improve estimation and inference by the use of economic theory informed restrictions. He is also a Fellow of both the Econometric Society and of the American Statistical Association. The Econometrics Journal celebrated Horowitz'swork and contributions to many areas of econometrics and statistics. They specifically listed bootstrap methods, semi-parametric and non-parametric estimation, specification testing, non-parametric instrumental variables, estimation of high-dimensional models, and functional data analysis. (Chen et al. 2014) He served as Co-Editor of tow of the leading econometrics journals * Econometrica 2000- 2004 * Econometric Theory 1992–2000. Selected publications * Horowitz, Joel (2009) Semiparametric and Nonparametric Methods in Econometrics, Springer-Verlag * Horowitz, J. L. (2001). The bootstrap. In Handbook of econometrics (Vol. 5, pp.3159-3228). Elsevier. * Horowitz, Joel (1998) Semiparametric Methods in Econometrics, Springer-Verlag * Forsythe, R., Horowitz, J. L., Savin, N. E., & Sefton, M. (1994). Fairness in simple bargaining experiments. Games and Economic behavior, 6(3), 347–369. References Category:Living people Category:Econometricians Category:Fellows of the Econometric Society Category:21st-century American economists
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Wikipedia:Joel Horowitz
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Reno5 Z: A94 5G: A95 5G: The Oppo Reno5 Z is a smartphone developed by OPPO Electronics Design The screen is made of Corning Gorilla Glass 5. The body is made of plastic. The bottom houses the USB-C connector, speaker, microphone, and Phone connector (audio) The Oppo Reno5 Z is sold in Fluid Black (Black) and Cosmo Blue (Blue). The Oppo F19 Pro+, A94 5G, and A95 5G are available in Fluid Black (black), Cosmo Blue (blue), and Space Silver (Silver). Specifications Platform The smartphones are powered by the MediaTek Dimensity 800U processor and the Mali-G57 MC3 GPU. Battery The battery has a capacity of 4310mAh. The F19 Pro+ supports 50W fast charging, while all other models support 30W. Cameras The Oppo Reno5 Z, F19 Pro+, and A94 5G feature a quad rear camera setup: 48MP, f/1.7 (Wide-angle lens The Oppo A95 5G features a triple rear camera setup: 48MP, f/1.7 (wide) with phase detection autofocus + 8MP, f/2.2 (ultrawide) with a 119˚ field of view + 2 MP, f/2.4 (macro). The main camera on all models can record video in 4K resolution All models feature a 16MP, f/2.4 (wide) front camera with phase detection autofocus and the ability to record video in 1080p@30fps resolution. Display The display is a Super AMOLED panel with a diagonal of 6.43 inches, 1080p Storage The Oppo Reno5 Z, F19 Pro+, and A94 5G are sold in an 8/128GB configuration. The Oppo A95 5G is sold in 8/128 GB and 8/256GB configurations. Software The smartphones were launched with ColorOS 11.1 based on Android 11. They have been updated to ColorOS 13.1 based on Android 13. References
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External links * * * * Category:Mobile phones introduced in 2021 Category:Mobile phones with 4K video recording Category:Mobile phones with multiple rear cameras Category:Android (operating system) devices Category:Discontinued smartphones
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ColorOS 13.1 based on Android 13. References External links * * * * Category:Mobile phones introduced in 2021 Category:Mobile phones with 4K video recording Category:Mobile phones with multiple rear cameras Category:Android (operating system) devices Category:Discontinued smartphones Category:Oppo smartphones Category:Official website not in Wikidata
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Wikipedia:Oppo Reno5 Z
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GitMind is a web-based mind mapping and diagramming application developed by WANGXU TECHNOLOGY (HK) CO., LIMITED, launched in 2019. GitMind supports the creation of visual diagrams such as mind maps, flowcharts, Unified Modeling Language In 2021, GitMind introduced mobile applications for iOS and Android platforms. In 2023, GitMind integrated AI features into its platform. Features GitMind features include: * Real-time collaborative editing * Sharing diagrams through private links * Templates and customizable styles * Automatic outline generation from mind maps * Export options including PNG, JPG, PDF, and TXT * Compatibility with files from XMind * Version history with restoration capability Compatibility GitMind runs on any modern web browser and is compatible with various operating systems, including Microsoft Windows, macOS, Linux, iOS, and Android. See also * Mind map * Brainstorming * Flowchart * Ishikawa diagram * List of concept- and mind-mapping software References External links * Category:Mind-mapping software Category:Collaborative software Category:Project management software Category:Freeware Category:Concept mapping software Category:Concept- and mind-mapping software programmed in Java
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Wikipedia:GitMind
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> Erin Katherine Lipp is a professor at the University of Georgia who is known for her work on pathogenic microorganisms and the impact of climate change on microorganisms. She is an elected fellow of the American Academy of Microbiology. Education and career Lipp received her B.A. from the New College of Florida in 1994, and earned her Ph.D. in 1999 from the University of South Florida. After conducting postdoctoral work at the University of Maryland, College Park, Lipp moved to the University of Georgia in 2002, where she was promoted to professor in 2014. Research Lipp is known for her work on aquatic marine microorganisms, where she focuses on pathogenic microbes and the influence of climate change on bacteria. Her early work examined factors the distribution of human pathogenic bacteria. She has examined how sewage impacts coral-reefs and the role of dust from the Sahara Desert in initiating growth of bacteria. Selected publications * * * * Awards and honors In 2016 Lipp was elected a fellow of the American Academy of Microbiology. References External links * Category:Living people Category:University of Georgia faculty Category:New College of Florida alumni Category:University of South Florida alumni Category:Fellows of the American Academy of Microbiology Category:American women microbiologists
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Wikipedia:Erin Lipp
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Kinga Székely (born 27 September 1945) is a Hungarian speleologist, geographer and cartographer. She is responsible for numerous maps and discoveries of Hungarian caves and the creation of databases to inventory and study them. She was instrumental in the declaration by the United Nations that made the Aggtelek Karst and the Slovak Karst World Heritage Site Biography Székely was born in Pécs, Hungary, on 27 September 1945, and graduated from the Móricz Zsigmond Gymnasium in Budapest in 1964. She graduated from the Faculty of Geography and Cartography of Eötvös Loránd University in 1976. In 1973, she spent an academic year at Jagiellonian University in Krakow, where she studied karst geomorphology. From 1968 to 1978, she worked as the secretary of the Hungarian Karst and Speleological Society. From 1978, she was an employee of the Speleological Institute (Department) operating within the Nature Conservation Office. Beginning in 1986, she was its deputy head, and from 1990 until her retirement in 2002, she was its head. She has been a member of the Hungarian Karst and Speleological Society since 1960 and has been an honorary member of the Society since 2012. Scientific career Among other things, she participated in the excavation of the Lower Mountain caves in the 1960s. In 1968, she was one of the surveyors of the Szabó-Pallagi caves. In 1981, she developed and maintained the national cave registry system and managed its database for more than two decades. She also created the computer database of the Hungarian speleological bibliography, which today contains more than 10,000 entries. She helped to prepare the groundwork for laws dealing with cave protection published since 1982, and in the acceptance of the justification for the proposal necessary for declaring the Aggtelek Karst and the Slovak Karst as United Nations World Heritage Site From 1968 to 1993, she was the editor of Karst and Cave. She also edited the publication Speleotéka, which was published
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Wikipedia:Kinga Székely
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for the proposal necessary for declaring the Aggtelek Karst and the Slovak Karst as United Nations World Heritage Site From 1968 to 1993, she was the editor of Karst and Cave. She also edited the publication Speleotéka, which was published for the first and only time in 1990. Her co-editor was Sándor Hadobás. She published almost 200 educational and professional papers dealing with the caves of Hungary, the protection of caves, the history of speleology, and the biographies of speleologists. In 1989, she organized an exhibition entitled Caves in the Arts at the Kiscell Museum in Budapest, featuring drawings and paintings by renowned artists from Hungary, the Czech Republic and Slovakia. She was a member of several international speleological expeditions (Lake Baikal in 1988, Kyrgyzstan 1989, Far East 1990). Personal life Székely has remained active and in 2023 gave a public lecture about ''Sándor Petőfi Selected honors * Life-Saving Memorial Medal government award (1969) for work in the Cave Rescue Service * Otto Herman Medal (1978) * Commemorative plaque of the Association of Technical and Natural Science Associations (1992) for activities in the Hungarian Karst and Speleological Society * Commemorative Medal of the Slovak Museum of Speleology and Nature Conservation (1995) for historical research into caves * Pro Natura Award (2001) for cave protection * Dénes Balázs Memorial Plaque (2004) for her assistance in establishing the Hungarian Geographical Museum * István Schönvisner Memorial Medal (2008) * Hungarian Republic Golden Cross of Merit (2009) * Ferenc Papp Medal (2010) * Kadić Ottokár Medal (2018) References Category:1945 births Category:Living people Category:Hungarian geographers Category:Speleologists Category:Women geographers Category:Women cartographers Category:Hungarian cartographers Category:20th-century women scientists Category:21st-century Hungarian scientists Category:Eötvös Loránd University alumni
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Wikipedia:Kinga Székely
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, 1925 Urban planning in Israel relates to the practice and history of urban planning in the country. The 1925 masterplan for Tel Aviv by Patrick Geddes is considered to be a modernist milestone and one of the modernists' only successful urban plans. Urban planning in Tel Aviv Geddes Plan for Tel Aviv The Geddes Plan for Tel Aviv Geddes used numerous superblocks, large urban blocks bordered by wide arterial roads, within which a network of narrow, curved internal streets discouraged vehicular through-traffic and encouraged pedestrian activity. The street system was organized hierarchically, including: Geddes believed these garden could promote health, recreation, and social engagement. Geddes viewed these spaces not only as important spheres of community life to community life but also as a cost-effective alternative to extensive street networks. Implementation and Modifications The Geddes Plan was mostly implemented in accordance to the original plan. The city grew rapidly during the 1930s immigration waves and thus the plan underwent adaptations and changes. These included the construction of taller buildings (increasing from the planned two to four stories), expanded building footprints, and, in some cases, the repurposing of designated open spaces for commercial uses to accommodate higher density. It successfully established a coherent urban structure capable of accommodating demographic growth without sacrificing quality of life. UNESCO recognized White City, Tel Aviv British mandate This pattern changed significantly following the British occupation in 1917. The first attempt at structured urban planning came with William McLean (civil servant) By the 1940s, further planning by Clifford Holliday and Henry Kendall (urban planner) File:First Town Plan of Jerusalem, 1918, William McLean.jpg File:Patrick Geddes, 1919, Jerusalem - Town Planning Scheme No 2.png File:Clifford Holliday plan for Jerusalem 1930.jpg File:Henry Kendall plan for Jerusalem 1944.png Planning of kibbutzim Degania Alef Nahalal, established in 1921 in Israel's Jezreel Valley, was planned by architect Richard Kauffmann, the kibbutz was designed with
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Wikipedia:Urban planning in Israel
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No 2.png File:Clifford Holliday plan for Jerusalem 1930.jpg File:Henry Kendall plan for Jerusalem 1944.png Planning of kibbutzim Degania Alef Nahalal, established in 1921 in Israel's Jezreel Valley, was planned by architect Richard Kauffmann, the kibbutz was designed with in a circular formation, placing shared public buildings such as the school and community centers at its core. Around this center, residential homes were arranged in a ring, while agricultural lands extended outward in evenly spaced sectors for each family. This design was intended to optimize land distribution and farming efficiency and foster a sense of communal life and egalitarianism. Planning of development towns , a development town in northern Israel During the early years of statehood, Israel established numerous development towns in peripheral regions such as the Negev See also * Architecture of Israel References Category:Urban planning Category:Israel Category:Architecture by country Category:Urban planning in Israel
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Wikipedia:Urban planning in Israel
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Hazaran Rahim Dad is a Balochistani writer, poet and researcher based in Pasni (city) Education and career She holds an MA in English Literature from the University of Karachi and is currently pursuing an MPhil in English Literature. Her work primarily explores the lives of Baloch individuals amidst war, violence, Enforced disappearances in Pakistan References Category:Living people Category:Year of birth missing (living people) Category:21st-century journalists Category:21st-century Pakistani women writers Category:21st-century Pakistani writers Category:21st-century women journalists Category:Baloch people Category:Baloch women Category:Pakistani journalists Category:Pakistani women journalists Category:People from Gwadar District Category:University of Karachi alumni
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Wikipedia:Hazaran Rahim Dad
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Simonetta Liuti is an Italian theoretical nuclear physics Education and career Liuti received a laurea (then the Italian equivalent of a master'sdegree) at the University of Perugia in 1984. She went on to a doctorate at Sapienza University of Rome in 1989, supervised by Claudio Ciofi degli Atti. She worked at the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy, first as a postdoctoral researcher and then as a staff scientist, from 1989 until 2001. In 2001 she moved to her present position as a research professor at the University of Virginia. Recognition Liuti was named as a Fellow of the American Physical Society (APS) in 2024, after a nomination from the APS Topical Group on Hadronic Physics, "for advances in studying the three-dimensional quark and gluon structure of nucleons and nuclei through polarization observables in deeply virtual exclusive scattering and physics-informed deep learning architectures, and for significant service to the physics community, particularly the support and mentoring of female and other underrepresented scientists". Personal life Liuti was married to Vietnamese physicist P. Q. Hung (1950–2024), also a professor at the University of Virginia; they had three children. References External links *Home page at University of Virginia *Personal home page * Category:Year of birth missing (living people) Category:Living people Category:Italian nuclear physicists Category:Italian women physicists Category:Women nuclear physicists Category:University of Perugia alumni Category:Sapienza University of Rome alumni Category:University of Virginia faculty Category:Fellows of the American Physical Society
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Wikipedia:Simonetta Liuti
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'''O-Methyl-AL-34662' is a serotonin receptor agonist and putative serotonergic psychedelic of the indazole family related to the psychedelic substituted tryptamine See also * Substituted tryptamine#Related compounds * AL-34662 * AL-38022A * YM-348 * VU6067416 References External links * O''-Methyl-AL-34662 - Isomer Design Category:5-HT2A agonists Category:5-HT2B agonists Category:5-HT2C agonists Category:Amines Category:Indazoles Category:Methoxy compounds Category:Psychedelic drugs
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Wikipedia:O-Methyl-AL-34662
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Daniel Kokotajlo is an artificial intelligence (AI) researcher. He was a researcher in the governance division of OpenAI from 2022 to 2024, and currently leads the AI Futures Project. In 2022, he became a researcher in the governance division of OpenAI. When he resigned in 2024, he refused to sign OpenAI#Non-disparagement agreement In 2021, Kokotajlo wrote a blog post named "What 2026 Looks Like". In 2025, Kevin Roose commented that "A number of his predictions proved prescient". He cofounded and leads the AI Futures Project, a nonprofit based in Berkeley, California which researches the future impact of artificial intelligence. In April 2025, it released "AI 2027", a detailed forecast scenario predicting rapid progress in the automation of coding and AI research, followed by AGI. It predicts that fully autonomous AI agents will be better than humans at "everything" around the end of 2027. References External links * AI 2027 - a forecast scenario led by Kokotajlo and published in April 2025 * 2027 Intelligence Explosion - YouTube - a podcast interview with Daniel Kokotajlo & Scott Alexander, hosted by Dwarkesh Patel Category:Living people Category:OpenAI people Category:Artificial intelligence researchers
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Wikipedia:Daniel Kokotajlo (researcher)
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Six-port reflectometers are a type of Network analyzer (electrical) The complexity, sophistication, size, and cost of heterodyne systems limit them to laboratory environments, but manufacturers have developed compact systems for industrial applications. Six-port reflectometers have gained popularity in academic and standardization research labs since their introduction by G. F. Engen in the 1960s, largely due to their simplicity. Six-port reflectometers are limited by their complex calibration techniques, but increasing processing power is addressing the computational intensity of this task. Operating principle Regardless of the six-port receiver configuration whether in detection or wireless communication the fundamental principle remains the same. After processing two RF signals, the outputs are converted into baseband. The six-port structure includes two input ports and four output ports, totaling six. The signals are superimposed with four different relative phases. When the input signal powers are similar, constructive or destructive interference occurs depending on the phase difference and resulting amplitudes. In-phase addition yields greater output amplitude; out-of-phase addition results in attenuation. A single phase combination leads to ambiguity. By applying four different phase offsets, additional equations are introduced to resolve it. In six-port architecture, a full-wave period is divided into four parts shifted by π/2: 0, π/2, π, and 3π/2. For microwave frequencies, these phase shifts are typically achieved using couplers. Disadvantages Commercial success of six-port reflectometers has been limited; they are rarely used outside specialized labs, and if so, for very specific applications. Several reasons explain this: * Until recently, it was difficult to develop a six-port reflectometer with bandwidth comparable to traditional network analyzers. * The calibration procedure is often longer than that of traditional analyzers. * Like all non-frequency-selective homodyne systems, the six-port reflectometer faces challenges when measuring insertion loss, such as in band-stop filters. Unlike traditional heterodyne analyzers, signal harmonics are not eliminated, leading to reduced dynamic range. For users only interested in measuring reflection coefficient amplitude (not phase), simpler and cheaper alternatives often
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Wikipedia:Six-port reflectometer
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challenges when measuring insertion loss, such as in band-stop filters. Unlike traditional heterodyne analyzers, signal harmonics are not eliminated, leading to reduced dynamic range. For users only interested in measuring reflection coefficient amplitude (not phase), simpler and cheaper alternatives often suffice. References Category:Network analyzers
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Wikipedia:Six-port reflectometer
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Direct Yellow 4 is a chemical compound with the formula . This is a direct dis-azo dye, a diamine derivative with separated azo groups. Due to its properties, value and strength, it is considered one of the most important dyes based on stilbene. It can be used as an acid-base indicator. In an alkaline environment, the yellow color of the dye deepens through orange to red at a pH of 6.4 → 8.0. Synthesis The compound can be obtained by coupling tetrazotized diaminostil-benesulfonic acid twice to phenol. Physical properties The compound forms orange powder. It is water-soluble, producing a golden brown color, and moderately soluble in ethanol, also yielding a golden brown shade. It is slightly soluble in acetone and soluble in fiber materials. When treated with concentrated sulfuric acid, it turns red to light purple; diluted sulfuric acid produces a purple color with blackish light purple precipitate. In nitric acid solution, it shows a dark brown color (not in all solutions). Adding concentrated hydrochloric acid to the dye solution results in a dark purple color with precipitation. When thick sodium hydroxide solution is added, it turns pale light orange; with 10% sodium hydroxide solution, it becomes bright red. Uses This dye is primarily used for coloring cellulose and polyamide fibers but is also suitable for dyeing leather and paper. It is known for its excellent dyeing properties and outstanding discharge fastness. Direct Yellow 4 is also used as an acid-base indicator. See also *Primuline *pH indicator *Universal indicator References Category:PH indicators Category:Complexometric indicators Category:Aromatic compounds Category:Azo dyes Category:Sulfonates Category:Nitrobenzene derivatives
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Wikipedia:Direct Yellow 4
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The women were all found guilty and given a two-year conditional Discharge (sentence) Business activities In 2015 Vigay founded "Wild Thyme Wholefoods" in Southsea on the south coast of England. The company, which functioned as a workers' cooperative, was named Green Business of the Year by the Portsmouth News in 2018. However, it was forced to close in 2022 because of rising costs, such as higher energy bills. Vigay also noted that the cooperative had fallen victim to the rising popularity of vegan diets, which meant that customers could increasingly find what they needed in supermarkets, without having to seek out specialist shops. Work in support of mental health In 2018, Vigay walked one thousand miles in Britain to raise money for the Samaritans (charity) References Category:1970 births Category:Living people Category:British women activists Category:British anti-nuclear activists Category:People related to suicide prevention
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Wikipedia:Frances Vigay
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> Katherine Anne Henzler-Wildman is the Jean V. Thomas Professor in Biochemistry at the University of Wisconsin–Madison. She was elected a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 2024. She is known for her work on how proteins control the movement of molecules across membranes. Education and career Henzler-Wildman received a B.A. from Cornell University in 1998. She earned her Ph.D. from the University of Michigan in 2003. In 2015 moved to the University of Madison, and as of 2025 Henzler-Wildman is the Jean V. Thomas Professor in Biochemistry. Research Henzler-Wildman'searly research determined structural details of Lipid membrane Selected publications * * * * * Awards and honors Henzler-Wildman was named a Searle Scholars Program in 2010, and received the Margaret Oakley Dayhoff Award from the Biophysical Society in 2013. She was elected a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 2024. References External links * Category:Living people Category:Fellows of the American Association for the Advancement of Science Category:Cornell University alumni Category:University of Michigan alumni Category:University of Wisconsin–Madison faculty Category:American women biochemists
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Triruvarur R. (T.R.) Lakshmanan was an Indian-American academic, geographer, and the inaugural Director of th Bureau of Transportation Statistics at the United States Department of Transportation, holding that position from 1994 to 1998. Aside from his work as BTS director, Lakshmanan served as a professor at Johns Hopkins University and Boston University. References Category:1932 births Category:American geographers Category:20th-century American geographers Category:21st-century American geographers Category:Economic geographers Category:United States Department of Transportation officials Category:University of Madras alumni Category:Ohio State University alumni Category:Johns Hopkins University faculty Category:Boston University faculty
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Wikipedia:T. R. Lakshmanan
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GLYT1 encephalopathy is a rare Recessive The main features of this disorder are: severely Hypotonia About 10 cases had been reported as of 2022. Symptoms Someone with GLYT1 encphalopathy can present with Dysmorphic feature Cause This disorder is caused by a mutation in a gene SLC6A9, which encodes Sodium- and chloride-dependent glycine transporter 1 protein, which is located on chromosome 1. Pathophysiology Glycine is the simplest amino acid, that doesn'thave any Stereoisomerism GLYT1 protein is located on astrocytes that are next to glycinergic neurons to clear glycine swiftly from the synaptic cleft. Consequently, this mechanism is disrupted in this disease by hyperactivating NMDA receptors and glycine receptors. Treatment GLYT1 encephalopathy doesn'thave a cure and its management is supportive, and it requires a multidisciplinary team (that may consist of geneticists, paediatricians, physiotherapists, etc) to control symptoms. One patient was treated sodium benzoate and ketamine, but it didn'tshow any results. Prognosis This disorder is usually fatal in infancy. Only 2 patients survived till childhood (at the time of the article'spublication). History This disorder was first reported by Alfadhel and colleagues in 2016. See also * Glycine encephalopathy References Category:Metabolic disorders Category:Genetic diseases and disorders Category:Autosomal recessive disorders Category:Inborn errors of metabolism Category:Amino acid metabolism disorders
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Wikipedia:GLYT1 encephalopathy
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Temporal monotonicity is a normative principle in decision theory and psychology that postulates adding a period of neutral or unpleasant stimulus to an experience can only logically make the experience "worse overall." According to this rule, evaluations of experiences should remain consistent over time, preserving a logical relationship between duration, stimulus intensity, and the final subjective assessment. Empirical Violations The Peak–end rule The Peak–end rule Duration neglect Similar to the peak–end rule, duration neglect plays an important role in cognitive appraisal that seems to ignore temporal monotonicity. According to temporal monotonicity, longer experiences (even if the additional duration is neutral or mildly unpleasant) should logically be judged as less pleasant overall. Instead, individuals tend to base their judgments on momentary peaks and endings, rather than the total time elapsed. Despite consistent empirical violations, temporal monotonicity remains a foundational principle within normative models of rational evaluation. As Kahneman and Frederick (2002) note, these violations should be viewed as an "expendable flourish." In this view, the rule represents an ideal of consistent judgment, even if human behavior frequently departs from it. See also * Peak–end rule * Duration neglect * Heuristics in judgment and decision-making * Affective forecasting * Normative ethics * Expected utility theory Further reading * Kahneman, Daniel. Thinking, Fast and Slow. Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2011. * Fredrickson, B. L., & Kahneman, D. (1993). "Duration neglect in retrospective evaluations of affective episodes". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 65(1), 45–55. * Loewenstein, G., & Prelec, D. (1993). "Preferences for sequences of outcomes". Psychological Review, 100(1), 91–108. References Category:Decision theory Category:Cognitive biases Category:Heuristics
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Carolyn L. Ren is a Chinese-Canadian researcher in microfluidics. She holds a tier 1 Canada Research Chair in Microfluidic Technologies as a professor at the University of Waterloo, in the Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, where she directs the Waterloo Microfluidics Laboratory. She has also founded multiple spinoff companies to commercialize her research discoveries. Education and career Ren graduated from the Harbin Institute of Technology with a bachelor'sdegree in thermal engineering in 1992, and continued at the Harbin Institute of Technology for a master'sdegree in 1995. After working for four years as a lecturer in power engineering at the Dalian University of Technology, she came to Canada for doctoral study in mechanical engineering, completing her Ph.D. in 2004 at the University of Toronto. She joined the Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering as an assistant professor in 2004, and was tenured as an associate professor there in 2010. She is also the co-founder of four spinoff companies, including Advanced Electrophoresis Solutions Limited, QuantWave Technologies Incorporated, and Air Microfluidics. Recognition Ren is a 2004 recipient of the Canada Foundation for Innovation Award, a 2007 recipient of the Early Research Award of the Government of Ontario, and a 2010 recipient of the Engineering Research Excellence Award of the University of Waterloo. After previously holding a tier 2 Canada Research Chair in Lab-on-Chip Technology, from 2009 to 2014, Ren was given the tier 1 Canada Research Chair in Microfluidic Technologies in 2022. Ren was elected as a Fellow of the Canadian Society of Mechanical Engineering in 2012. She was named to the College of New Scholars of the Royal Society of Canada in 2018, elected to the Canadian Academy of Engineering in 2023, and to the Engineering Institute of Canada in 2024. References External links *Waterloo Microfluidics Laboratory * Category:Year of birth missing (living people) Category:Living people Category:Chinese mechanical engineers Category:Chinese women engineers Category:Canadian mechanical engineers Category:Canadian women engineers Category:Women mechanical engineers Category:Harbin
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to the Engineering Institute of Canada in 2024. References External links *Waterloo Microfluidics Laboratory * Category:Year of birth missing (living people) Category:Living people Category:Chinese mechanical engineers Category:Chinese women engineers Category:Canadian mechanical engineers Category:Canadian women engineers Category:Women mechanical engineers Category:Harbin Institute of Technology alumni Category:Academic staff of Dalian University of Technology Category:University of Toronto alumni Category:Academic staff of the University of Waterloo Category:Fellows of the Canadian Academy of Engineering
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Lunar fluorescence is the process where minerals along the surface of the Moon, like the Silicate mineral Description This process of lunar fluorescence is due to the interaction between the solar wind and the lunar regolith. Lunar fluorescence aids the identification of minerals along the surface of the Moon. The LAMP instrument of the LRO mission proved the existence of shadowy ice along the craters at the south pole of the Moon using fluorescence signals. Nevertheless, fluorescence signals tend to be weak and are detected using high-resolution instruments. Solar wind, along with the interference of cosmic rays, can complicate the signals, too. References Category:Moon Category:Fluorescence Category:Mineralogy Category:Remote sensing Category:Spectroscopy Category:Space science Category:Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Category:Planetary science Category:Geochemistry
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Physical crystallography before X-rays describes how physical crystallography developed as a science up to the discovery of X-rays by Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen in 1895. In the period before X-rays, crystallography can be divided into three broad areas: geometric crystallography culminating in the discovery of the 230 space groups in 1891–4, chemical crystallography and physical crystallography. Physical crystallography is concerned with the Mineralogy#Physical properties The study of crystals in the time before X-rays was focused more on their geometry and mathematical analysis than their physical properties. Unlike geometrical crystallography, the history of physical crystallography has no central story, but is a collection of developments in different areas. Symmetry During the 19th century crystallography was progressively transformed into an empirical and mathematical science by the adoption of symmetry concepts. In 1832 Franz Ernst Neumann used symmetry considerations when studying Birefringence Double refraction Double refraction occurs when a ray of light incident upon a birefringence In 1810 Étienne-Louis Malus determined that natural light, too, when reflected through a certain angle, behaves like one of the rays exiting a double-refracting crystal. Malus called this phenomenon Polarization (physics) Thermal expansion In 1824 Eilhard Mitscherlich observed that the angle between the cleavage faces of calcite changed with the temperature of the crystal. Mitscherlich concluded that, on heating, calcite contracts (has a negative coefficient of thermal expansion) in a direction perpendicular to the trigonal axis while expanding (positive coefficient) along that axis. This implies that there is a cone of directions along which there is no thermal expansion. In 1864 Hippolyte Fizeau used an optical Interferometry Crystals with less than cubic symmetry are anisotropic and will generally have different expansion coefficients in different directions. If the crystal symmetry is monoclinic or triclinic, even the angles between the axes are subject to thermal changes. In these cases the coefficient of thermal expansion is a tensor. If the temperature of a crystal is raised by an amount , a deformation takes
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monoclinic or triclinic, even the angles between the axes are subject to thermal changes. In these cases the coefficient of thermal expansion is a tensor. If the temperature of a crystal is raised by an amount , a deformation takes place that is described by the Strain (mechanics)#strain tensor Thermal conduction Joseph Fourier was an early researcher in thermal conduction, publishing Théorie analytique de la chaleur in 1822. The first experiments on thermal conduction in crystals were carried out by Jean-Marie Duhamel in 1832. Henri Hureau de Sénarmont conducted experiments to determine if heat would move through crystals with directional dependence. He found that, for non-cubic crystals, the isothermal envelope surrounding a point source of heat in a crystal plate had an elliptical shape whose exact form depended on the orientation of the crystal. Sénarmont'sresults qualitatively established that thermal conductivity is directionally dependent (Thermal conductivity and resistivity#Thermal anisotropy Sir George Stokes, 1st Baronet Thermoelectricity Thomas Johann Seebeck discovered the thermoelectric effect in 1821, although it has been claimed that Alessandro Volta should be given the priority. In 1844 :de:Wilhelm Gottlieb Hankel investigated thermoelectricity in cobalt and iron sulfide crystals. Hankel showed that when certain external faces were developed the crystals were thermoelectrically positive relative to copper, whereas with other facial forms they were negative. In 1850 Jöns Svanberg used bismuth and antimony crystals to demonstrate a directional variation of the thermoelectric effect. In 1854 Lord Kelvin Electrical conduction The first observations on the variation of Electrical resistivity and conductivity Electrical conductivity in a crystal is now defined as a second rank symmetric tensor relating two vectors: J_i _ij E_j, where J_i is the current density, _ij is the electrical conductivity tensor, and E_j is the electric field intensity. Magnetic properties Until the 19th century crystals were regarded either as Magnetism By the end of the 19th century the three types of crystal, ferromagnetic, diamagnetic and paramagnetic, were well established and successful
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and E_j is the electric field intensity. Magnetic properties Until the 19th century crystals were regarded either as Magnetism By the end of the 19th century the three types of crystal, ferromagnetic, diamagnetic and paramagnetic, were well established and successful theories had related diamagnetic and paramagnetic crystals to their crystal symmetry. Ferromagnetic properties were dealt with by Pierre Weiss (1896) who explained the hysteresis by assuming that the atoms have permanent magnetic poles which are normally in random positions, but arrange themselves in parallel under the influence of a magnetic field. On removing the field the mutual effect of the parallel dipoles tends to maintain the magnetized state. He further postulated that there were domains within which all the atomic dipoles were similarly orientated and that the N-S axis could be differently orientated in neighbouring domains. Dielectric properties A dielectric is an Insulator (electricity) Rotary polarization In 1811 François Arago, who favoured the corpuscular theory of light, discovered the Optical rotation In 1821 John Herschel pointed out the relation between the direction of rotation and the development of faces on quartz crystals. Suspecting that rotatory polarization is an effect of a lack of symmetry, Herschel established that quartz crystals often present faces placed in such a way that those belonging to certain crystals are mirror images of the corresponding faces of other crystals. He explained the connection between this arrangement and the respective rotation of light to the right and to the left. In 1822 Augustin-Jean Fresnel explained the rotation by postulating oppositely circularly polarized beams travelling with different velocities along the optic axis. In 1831 George Biddell Airy gave an explanation of the formation of the spirals which bear his name. In 1846 Michael Faraday discovered that the plane of polarization may also be rotated when light passes through an isotropic medium when it is in a magnetic field. The corresponding Kerr effect can be observed on reflecting plane-polarized light from
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In 1846 Michael Faraday discovered that the plane of polarization may also be rotated when light passes through an isotropic medium when it is in a magnetic field. The corresponding Kerr effect can be observed on reflecting plane-polarized light from a polished ferromagnetic mirror when in a magnetized state. In 1848 Louis Pasteur gave the general relation between crystal morphology and rotatory polarization. Pasteur solved the mystery of polarized light acting differently with chemically identical crystals and solutions. Pasteur discovered the phenomenon of molecular symmetry In 1855 :de:Christian August Hermann Marbach discovered that crystals of sodium chlorate, sodium bromate, sodium ammonium sulfate and sodium amyl acetate have the property of rotating the polarization plane. In 1857 Alfred Des Cloizeaux advanced a general theory of rotatory polarization whilst studying cinnabar and strychnine sulphate. In 1864 Josef Stefan introduced the Electromagnetic spectrum Conical refraction Conical refraction is an optical phenomenon in which a Ray (optics) In 1821-1822 Augustin-Jean Fresnel developed a theory of double refraction in both uniaxial and biaxial crystals. Fresnel derived the equation for the wavevector surface in 1823, and André-Marie Ampère rederived it in 1828. Many others investigated the wavevector surface of the biaxial crystal, but they all missed its physical implications. William Rowan Hamilton, in his work on Hamiltonian optics, discovered the wavevector surface has four conoidal points and four tangent conics. This implies that, under certain conditions, a ray of light could be refracted into a cone of light within the crystal. He termed this phenomenon "conical refraction" and predicted two distinct types: internal and external, corresponding respectively to the conoidal points and tangent conics. Hamilton announced his discovery on 22 October 1832. He then asked Humphrey Lloyd (physicist) Hamilton and Lloyd'sdiscovery was a significant victory for the wave theory of light and solidified Augustin-Jean Fresnel Later theoretical work on conical refraction was published in 1860 by Robert Bellamy Clifton and in 1874 by Jules Antoine Lissajous, and experimental
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Hamilton and Lloyd'sdiscovery was a significant victory for the wave theory of light and solidified Augustin-Jean Fresnel Later theoretical work on conical refraction was published in 1860 by Robert Bellamy Clifton and in 1874 by Jules Antoine Lissajous, and experimental work in 1888 by Theodor Liebisch and in 1889 by Albrecht Schrauf. Photoelasticity Photoelasticity describes changes in the optical properties of a material under mechanical Deformation (engineering) Franz Ernst Neumann investigated double refraction in stressed transparent bodies. In 1841 Neumann published his elastic equations, which describe, in differential form, the changes which polarized light experiences when travelling through a stressed body. The Neumann equations are the basis of all subsequent photoelasticity research. The photoelastic effect was analyzed by Friedrich Carl Alwin Pockels Absorption and pleochroism In 1809 Louis Cordier discovered the phenomenon of pleochroism while investigating a new mineral that he named dichröıte. Dichröıte (cordierite) crystals showed different colors when viewed along different axes. From 1817-1819 David Brewster made a systematic study of Absorption (electromagnetic radiation) In 1877 :de:Paul Glan performed Photometry (optics) Luminescence, fluorescence and phosphorescence Luminescence is the non-thermal emission of visible light by a substance; an example is the emission of visible light by minerals in response to irradiation by ultraviolet light. The term luminescence was first used by Eilhard Wiedemann in 1888; he stated that luminescence was separate from thermal radiation, and he distinguished six different forms of luminescence according to their excitation, for example photoluminescence, electroluminescence, etc. Fluorescence is luminescence which occurs during the irradiation of a substance by electromagnetic radiation; fluorescent materials generally cease to glow nearly immediately when the radiation source stops. The term fluorescence was coined by Sir George Stokes, 1st Baronet Phosphorescence is long-lived
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luminescence; phosphorescent materials continue to emit light for some time after the radiation stops. In 1857 Edmond Becquerel invented the phosphoroscope, and in a detailed study of phosphorescence and fluorescence, showed that the duration of phosphorescence varies by substance,
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long-lived luminescence; phosphorescent materials continue to emit light for some time after the radiation stops. In 1857 Edmond Becquerel invented the phosphoroscope, and in a detailed study of phosphorescence and fluorescence, showed that the duration of phosphorescence varies by substance, and that phosphorescence in solids is due to the presence of finely dispersed foreign substances. Becquerel suggested that fluorescence is simply phosphorescence of a very short duration. The most prominent phosphorescent material for 130 years was Zinc sulfide Crystalloluminescence is the emission of light during crystal growth from solution. The first observation was that of potassium sulfate which was reported by a number of researchers in the eighteenth century; other substances reported in the early literature which exhibit crystalloluminescence include strontium nitrate, cobalt sulfate, potassium hydrogen sulfate, sodium sulfate, and arsenious acid. In 1918 Harry Weiser summarised the research on crystalloluminescence up to that date. Neither the spectral distribution nor the excitation mechanisms of crystalloluminescence are understood. Triboluminescence is the generation of light when certain materials, for example quartz, are rubbed; Triboluminescence#Fractoluminescence In 1677 Henry Oldenburg described the luminescence of fluorite, CaF2, on heating. In 1830 Thomas Pearsall observed that colourless fluorite could be coloured by discharging sparks from a Leyden jar held against it. In 1881 luminescence excited by cathode rays was described by William Crookes. In 1885 Edmond Becquerel found that when crystals were bombarded by cathode rays they became coloured and also emitted light. In 1894 :de:Eugen Goldstein showed that ultraviolet light has the same effect as cathode rays. Reflection from opaque materials The study of the optical properties of opaque substances has been closely linked with the development of suitable microscopes. The first instrument adapted to reflected light was the Lieberkühn reflector attributed to Johann Nathanael Lieberkühn. The use of polished and etched surfaces for this type of study was introduced by Jöns Jacob Berzelius in 1813. A theory of the light reflected from metals was put forward
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was the Lieberkühn reflector attributed to Johann Nathanael Lieberkühn. The use of polished and etched surfaces for this type of study was introduced by Jöns Jacob Berzelius in 1813. A theory of the light reflected from metals was put forward by Augustin-Louis Cauchy in 1848. In 1858 Henry Clifton Sorby established the technique of cutting minerals and crystals into thin sections for examination under the polarizing microscope. In 1864 Sorby studied the microscopical structure of minerals from meteorites. In 1888 Paul Drude published work on reflection from antimony sulfide. Infrared optics Heinrich Rubens measured the dependence of the refractive index of quartz on wavelength, and found absorption in particular infrared wavelength ranges. By 1896 Rubens saw these bands as a potential filter that would allow him to separate out an almost monochromatic beam from the broad range of infrared radiation that his sources produced. In 1897 Rubens and his student Ernest Fox Nichols studied the ''Reststrahlen effect Pyroelectricity Pyroelectricity is the generation of a temporary voltage in a crystal when subjected to a temperature change. The appearance of electrostatic charges upon a change of temperature has been observed since ancient times, in particular with tourmaline and was described, among others, by Nicolas Steno Research into pyroelectricity became more quantitative in the 19th century. In 1824 David Brewster gave the effect the name it has today. In 1840 Gabriel Delafosse, Haüy'sstudent, theorized that only molecules which are not symmetrical can be polarized electrically. Both William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin A detailed history of pyroelectricity has been written by Sidney Lang; shorter histories have also been published. Elastic properties Some minerals, for example mica, are highly elastic, springing back to their original shape after being bent. Others, for example talc, may be readily bent but do not return to their original form when released. The initial theory of the Elasticity (physics) In 1828 Cauchy generalised the problem and showed that 36 independent constants were
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being bent. Others, for example talc, may be readily bent but do not return to their original form when released. The initial theory of the Elasticity (physics) In 1828 Cauchy generalised the problem and showed that 36 independent constants were required to describe elasticity in crystals. George Green (mathematician) In the period 1874-1888 Voigt was the leading researcher on the elasticity of crystals. Voigt showed that the number of elasticity constants reduces as more symmetry is introduced into the crystal. For a triclinc crystal, which is the most general case, 21 elasticity constants are required. For a monoclinic crystal there are 13 elasticity constants, for a rhombic crystal 9, for a hexagonal crystal 7, for a tetragonal crystal 6, and finally for a cubic crystal there are only 3. A summary of developments in the field was published by W. A. Wooster. Piezoelectricity In 1880 Pierre Curie In 1890 Woldemar Voigt published a phenomenological theory of the piezoelectric effect based on the symmetry of crystals without centrosymmetry. Research community Before the 20th century crystallography was not a well-established academic discipline. There were no academic positions specifically in crystallography. Workers in the field normally carried out their crystallographic research as an ancillary to other employment(s), or had independent means. The leading workers in the field of physical crystallography were employed as follows: * Professors ** Mathematics or science: George Biddell Airy ** Mineralogy: Paul Heinrich von Groth * Other employment: Rasmus Bartholin * Independently wealthy: John Herschel In the nineteenth century there were informal schools of physical crystallography researchers in France (Arago, E. Becquerel, Biot, Fresnel, Haüy, Sénarmont), Germany (Drude, Groth, Liebisch, Mitscherlich, Mohs, Neumann,
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Pockels, Voigt) and the British Isles (Airy, Brewster, Hamilton, Stokes, Thomson). Until the founding of Zeitschrift für Krystallographie und Mineralogie by Paul Heinrich von Groth See also * Timeline of crystallography Citations Works cited * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
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Hamilton, Stokes, Thomson). Until the founding of Zeitschrift für Krystallographie und Mineralogie by Paul Heinrich von Groth See also * Timeline of crystallography Citations Works cited * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * : * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * : ISBN / Date incompatibility" > * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * : ISBN / Date incompatibility" > * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Category:Crystallography Category:History of physics
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Fionn (Fiona) Stevenson is an Anglo-German former Head of Architecture at the University of Sheffield. One of twelve Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA) "role models", her research work focuses on developing innovative methods of building performance evaluation. An anti-nuclear weapons activist, anarchist, and feminist she was a member of the Greenham Common Women's Peace Camp and played the saxophone and flute in the Fallout Marching Band, which often performed at anti-war events in Britain and Europe. Early life and education Stevenson was born in March 1959. Her father was English and her mother German. In Germany she was seen as being English and vice versa. She recalled going to primary school in England wearing her traditional Lederhosen After this event Stevenson decided that direct action could be more effective by going to the source of the missiles, which was the Boeing factory at Seattle, on the west coast of the US. She talked to women'speace groups there about the activities and tactics at Greenham Common, providing advice on how to set up a peace camp. The Puget Sound Women's Peace Camp in Kent, Washington was officially opened in June 1983, on a site directly across the road from the Boeing Aerospace Center. On 26 September 1983 five women were arrested following an incursion into the Boeing compound. The camp closed in 1985. After talking to the women in Seattle, Stevenson then went to the Vandenberg Space Force Base Career After leaving Sheffield University in 1985, Stevenson worked in the estates department of Lancashire County Council, where she was the only woman in a department of 200 men. She set up the council'sfirst 3D digital design unit using RUCAPS (Really Universal Computer-Aided Production System). During this time she qualified as a chartered architect and completed her first building, a children'snursery at Nelson, Lancashire. She then joined Assist Architects in Glasgow where she was responsible for designing and managing a wide range
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Computer-Aided Production System). During this time she qualified as a chartered architect and completed her first building, a children'snursery at Nelson, Lancashire. She then joined Assist Architects in Glasgow where she was responsible for designing and managing a wide range of community design projects, including new-build affordable housing and retrofits. At the same time she was teaching architecture part time at the University of Strathclyde. From 1993 she lectured in architecture at the Edinburgh College of Art, moving on to Robert Gordon University in Aberdeen between 1995 and 2000. There she led the new Ecological Design Group (EDG), which, among other activities, developed the first database of ecological construction products and materials in the Highlands and Islands, leading on to Scotland'sfirst Green Materials Directory. Between 1989 and 1992 Stevenson was a director of the Woodlands Community Development Trust and in 1994-95 she served as a director of the Glasgow Waldorf education Between 2000 and 2007, Stevenson became a senior lecturer in sustainable design at Dundee University, where she completed her part-time PhD in 2005. Among her activities was the production as co-author aof the first Sustainable Housing Design Guide for Scotland. Between 2007 and 2011 she was co-director of the Low Carbon Building Unit of the Oxford Institute for Sustainable Development at Oxford Brookes University. In 2011 she moved to Sheffield University as professor of sustainable design, carrying out international research projects on the building performance evaluation of housing. She became head of the university's School of Architecture in 2013. In 2017 and 2018 she was a visiting professor at the University of British Columbia in Canada. In 2021 she served as campaigns director for the Building Performance Network (BPN), a not-for-profit national programme run by the Sustainable Development Foundation. Opposition to tree felling From 2014 Stevenson was a member of a Sheffield tree felling protests References Category:British women activists Category:British anti-nuclear activists Category:British women architects Category:Alumni of the University of Cambridge
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national programme run by the Sustainable Development Foundation. Opposition to tree felling From 2014 Stevenson was a member of a Sheffield tree felling protests References Category:British women activists Category:British anti-nuclear activists Category:British women architects Category:Alumni of the University of Cambridge Category:Alumni of the University of Sheffield Category:Alumni of the University of Dundee Category:1959 births Category:Living people
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Nancy Jean Isner Kirkendall is an American government statistician, a Fellow of the American Statistical Association, and a past president of the Washington Statistical Society. Education and career Kirkendall majored in mathematics at the Ohio State University, and continued at Ohio State for a master'sdegree in mathematics. She received a Ph.D. in mathematical statistics at George Washington University in 1974. Her dissertation, Large Sample Finite Approximations in an Infinite Dimension Distributed Lag Regression Model, was supervised by Robert H. Shumway. She has worked at the United States Census Bureau, and for the Office of Management and Budget as a senior statistician in the Statistical Policy Branch of the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs. She directed the Statistics and Methods Group of the Energy Information Administration, retiring in 2008, before becoming a senior program officer in the Committee on National Statistics of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. She has chaired the Federal Committee on Statistical Methodology, and served as vice president of the American Statistical Association. She was president of the Washington Statistical Society for 1987–1988. Recognition Kirkendall was elected as a Fellow of the American Statistical Association in 1993. She was the 2000 recipient of the Founders Award of the American Statistical Association, and the 2007 recipient of its Roger Herriot Award for Innovation in Federal Statistics. References Category:Year of birth missing (living people) Category:Living people Category:American statisticians Category:American women statisticians Category:Ohio State University alumni Category:George Washington University alumni Category:Fellows of the American Statistical Association
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Infobox mineral Joaquinite-(Ce) is a rare silicate mineral with the chemical formula NaBa₂Ce₂Fe²⁺Ti₂Si₈O₂₆(OH)·2H₂O. It crystallizes in the Monoclinic crystal system Crystallography Joaquinite-(Ce) belongs to the monoclinic crystal system with Orthorhombic crystal system Optical properties The mineral is Transparency and translucency Environment Joaquinite typically occurs in natrolite Vein (geology) Associated minerals It is commonly found in association with aegirine, barylite, benitoite, eudialyte, natrolite, neptunite, and orthojoaquinite-(Ce). Minerals with optical similarities include verplanckite, baotite, cerchiaraite, titantaramellite, taramellite, nagashimalite, strontiojoaquinite, strontio-orthojoaquinite, bario-orthojoaquinite, and orthojoaquinite-(La–Ce). Type locality The type locality for joaquinite is the Dallas Gem Mine in the Benitoite Mine in California, USA. References See also * Joaquinite group External links * Mindat.org – Joaquinite-(Ce) Category:Silicate minerals Category:Monoclinic minerals Category:Minerals in space group 11 Category:Barium minerals Category:Sodium minerals Category:Titanium minerals Category:Cerium minerals Category:Hydroxide minerals Category:Iron(II) minerals
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The joaquinite group minerals are titanosilicates with the general formula R6[Ti(Si4O12)]2(O,OH,F)2·H2O, where R represents a combination of Rare-earth element Discovery and characterization Joaquinite was first described by George Louderback List of joaquinite-group minerals * Bario-orthojoaquinite * Byelorussite-(Ce) * Joaquinite-(Ce) * Orthojoaquinite-(Ce) * Orthojoaquinite-(La) * Strontiojoaquinite * Strontio-orthojoaquinite References Category:Silicate minerals Category:Monoclinic minerals Category:Minerals in space group 11 Category:Mineral groups
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HaptX is a company based in the U.S. that makes haptic gloves for 3D user interaction HaptX' gloves are large and require a wired connection to a device that drives the haptic actuation. They use haptic technology to convey a sense of touch to the wearer, allowing a wearer to feel virtual objects. The gloves are compatible with SteamVR lighthouse tracking using Vive trackers. HaptX' gloves use microfluidic actuators. The co-founder of the company is Jake Rubin. References Category:Virtual reality companies Category:Virtual reality Category:Haptic technology Category:Augmented reality Category:Computer company stubs
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Sima Acan is a Canadian politician from the Liberal Party of Canada. She was elected Member of Parliament (Canada) Early life and career Acan was born in Ankara, Turkey in 1979. While she was president, the group released a 2023 statement in which the Armenian genocide denial Acan owns a robotics company in Oakville, Ontario. She was elected on April 28, 2025 with an over 8% lead. The victory made her the first Member of Parliament (Canada) Personal life Acan is a mother of two. Electoral results References Category:Living people Category:Year of birth missing (living people) Category:Place of birth missing (living people) Category:21st-century Canadian women politicians Category:Liberal Party of Canada MPs Category:21st-century members of the House of Commons of Canada Category:Members of the House of Commons of Canada from Ontario Category:Women members of the House of Commons of Canada Category:Canadian people of Turkish descent Category:People from Oakville, Ontario Category:Canadian real estate agents Category:Canadian roboticists Category:Women roboticists
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Pope Francis, aged 88, Death and funeral of Pope Francis National leaders and governments Africa * – President Abdelmadjid Tebboune expressed condolences "to the Vatican, to all its institutions, and to all Christians throughout the world". * – President João Lourenço sent a condolence message to Cardinal Giovanni Battista Re, expressing "pain and sadness" over the Pope'spassing, calling it "a severe blow for the world" and an incalculable loss for Catholics. He also highlighted Pope Francis' legacy as a leader who stood out for his dedication to social justice, peace, and the defense of the most vulnerable. * – The Government of Benin expressed its sympathies, stating that the Pope'slife will be remembered for his humility, his proximity to the poor, and his unwavering support of social justice, peace, and inter-cultural communication. "Benin, a nation of religious harmony and tolerance, honors the memory of a man of faith and heart who upheld the universal values of humanity and fraternity," the statement continued. * – Interim President Ibrahim Traoré paid homage to Pope Francis, stating that he remembers the Pope as a man who dedicated his life to the cause of justice and peace in the world, as well as the poor and most impoverished. He noted that despite the terrorism perpetrated on Burkina Faso, the Pope never stopped expressing his closeness and sympathy with the country. * – President Évariste Ndayishimiye paid homage to the Pope'slegacy of religion, peace, and humanity while expressing his condolences to the Catholic Church in Burundi and around the world. * – President Paul Biya described the Pope as a "fervent servant of the Church" and sent the Vatican condolences of the Cameroonian people. * – President José Maria Neves sent his condolences and praised "an enormous legacy for the Church and humanity." Prime Minister Ulisses Correia e Silva hailed Pope Francis' legacy, describing him as a "great fighter for transparency, morality
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Cameroonian people. * – President José Maria Neves sent his condolences and praised "an enormous legacy for the Church and humanity." Prime Minister Ulisses Correia e Silva hailed Pope Francis' legacy, describing him as a "great fighter for transparency, morality in the Church, for peace, for the dignity of immigrants and for the planet, in the face of climate change." * – On 22 April, President Faustin-Archange Touadéra signed the Book of Condolences at the Apostolic Nunciature to the Central African Republic * – President Mahamat Déby honored the Pope'slegacy by calling him a world leader who dedicated his life to advancing human causes. He also emphasized the Pope'srole as a devoted religious leader who stands near the weakest members of society and is an ardent advocate for peace. * – President Félix Tshisekedi honored Pope Francis as a "great servant of God," praising his life as a testament to faith, humility, and a steadfast commitment to peace, justice, and human dignity. * – President Denis Sassou Nguesso hailed Pope Francis's "engagement for climate, migratory issues, peace and poverty in the world". * – President Ismaïl Omar Guelleh wrote on Twitter that Pope Francis leaves behind more than simply a spiritual legacy; he leaves behind the mark of a man who values justice, humanism, and fraternity. He continued by saying that the Pope had raised awareness of the need for peace, united cultures, and awakened consciences. * – President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi said Pope Francis "was a voice of peace, love and compassion". * – President Isaias Afwerki has expressed his sympathies to Vatican Secretary of State Pietro Parolin, praising the Pope as a man whose illustrious life was devoted to serving humanity and, in particular, advancing social justice for underrepresented groups in our global society. * – On behalf of King Mswati III, Queen Ntfombi of Eswatini * – President Taye Atske Selassie offered his condolences, expressing his profound sadness at
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humanity and, in particular, advancing social justice for underrepresented groups in our global society. * – On behalf of King Mswati III, Queen Ntfombi of Eswatini * – President Taye Atske Selassie offered his condolences, expressing his profound sadness at Pope Francis' passing. He paid tribute to the Pope'slife of dedication to world peace, humanity, and faith. Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed wrote on Twitter, expressing his condolences, and for his wish for "his legacy of compassion, humility, and service to humanity continue to inspire generations to come". * – President Adama Barrow sent his condolences and described the Pope as a visionary leader who was fully committed to promoting peace, global understanding, and harmony. * – President John Mahama stated that he had personally met Pope Francis and that leadership and legacy of compassion for others will continue to inspire generations. * – Prime Minister Bah Oury honored Pope Francis' memory by saying that he is close to the underprivileged and those in need who died on the day of the global celebration of Jesus Christ'sascension into heaven. "A great voice and a great humanist conscience have been extinguished," he added. * – President Umaro Sissoco Embaló offered his sympathy and called the Pope a "worthy man." He emphasized that while we cannot claim that there will not be another Pope like Francis who is crucial for humanity, we can acknowledge that Pope Francis was a distinguished leader. * – President Alassane Ouattara called the Pope "a tireless artisan of peace and social justice", honoring "his dedication to the weakest members of society and his goal of creating a world in peace, more egalitarian and respectful of the environment". * – President William Ruto described the Pope'sdeath as a "big loss" to the Christian world, and praised his "unwavering commitment to inclusivity and justice". * – President Joseph Boakai expressed profound sorrow over Pope Francis'sdeath, offering condolences to the Catholic Church, the
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Wikipedia:Reactions to the death of Pope Francis
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William Ruto described the Pope'sdeath as a "big loss" to the Christian world, and praised his "unwavering commitment to inclusivity and justice". * – President Joseph Boakai expressed profound sorrow over Pope Francis'sdeath, offering condolences to the Catholic Church, the Holy See, and Catholics worldwide on behalf of the Liberian government and people. * – President Andry Rajoelina commended Pope Francis' simplicity and wisdom, saying that it "will always remain in my mind and heart, especially the love that always guided his steps," and recalled the Pope's List of pastoral visits of Pope Francis#2019 * – President Lazarus Chakwera has stated that he will honor the Pope for his bravery in promoting global governance reform. He went on to say that the Pope set an example for the Catholic Church by enacting bold changes like the encyclical Laudato si. * – On behalf of the Government of Mauritania, Minister of Islamic Affairs Sidi Yahya Ould Sheikhna Ould Al-Murabit expressed his condolences to Bishop Victor Ndione at the Roman Catholic Diocese of Nouakchott. * – Prime Minister Navin Ramgoolam expressed his condolences and praised the Pope's "humility, compassion, and dedication to the most disadvantaged". The Mauritian flag was flown at half-mast on all government buildings until the day of the funeral. * – King Mohammed VI of Morocco * – President Daniel Chapo expressed his condolences saying, "May faith and hope comfort the bereaved hearts, and may the legacy of Pope Francis continue to enlighten our path." * – President Bola Tinubu called on the world to honor his teachings and celebrate his legacy, calling Pope Francis a champion of the underprivileged and a beacon of hope for millions. * – President Paul Kagame expressed his condolences, praising the Pope as a world-renowned moral leader whose integrity and humility aided in mending the previously tense relationship between Rwanda and the Catholic Church. * – President Brahim Ghali sent a message of condolence to
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Wikipedia:Reactions to the death of Pope Francis
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Kagame expressed his condolences, praising the Pope as a world-renowned moral leader whose integrity and humility aided in mending the previously tense relationship between Rwanda and the Catholic Church. * – President Brahim Ghali sent a message of condolence to Cardinal Kevin Farrell, following the death of Pope Francis. He expressed sorrow and emotion alongside condolences to the deceased and to the Vatican as a whole. * – President Carlos Vila Nova wrote a letter of condolence to the Vatican, stating that Pope Francis is renowned for his warmth, his advocacy of simplicity, his involvement in social, environmental, and justice issues, his leadership in faith, and his invitation to be an entrepreneur of dreams rather than an administrator of fears. He went on to say that Francis was a reforming Pope and a universal symbol of humanism in support of the earth'sunderprivileged. * – President Bassirou Diomaye Faye expressed his condolences, stating that the world lost a significant spiritual character. "The Pope embodied a living hope for millions of believers and people of good will through his commitment to the most vulnerable and his constant call for dialogue between peoples and religions," he continued. * – President Wavel Ramkalawan wrote that the Pope'spassing has devastated Christianity as a whole. He described the Pope as a dedicated bishop and a remarkable spiritual leader who stood out as an unyielding advocate for human dignity by responding to the passionate global need for justice. * – President Julius Maada Bio expressed his condolences, stating that he was heartbroken. He urged those who had the honor of knowing the religious leader to "find comfort in our cherished memories of his leadership and compassion" and wished him "eternal peace." * – President Cyril Ramaphosa said Pope Francis had "humility" and a profound commitment to "making the Church and the world a better place". * – President Samia Suluhu Hassan expressed her condolences, describing the Pope as a
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Wikipedia:Reactions to the death of Pope Francis
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"eternal peace." * – President Cyril Ramaphosa said Pope Francis had "humility" and a profound commitment to "making the Church and the world a better place". * – President Samia Suluhu Hassan expressed her condolences, describing the Pope as a leader and educator who devoted his life to advancing world peace, human progress, and well-being. * – President Faure Gnassingbé praised Pope Francis'sunwavering efforts to uphold human dignity and assist the weakest members of society, actions that will live on in their collective memory. * – On behalf of the President of Tunisia, Foreign Minister Mohamed Ali Nafti traveled to Rome to offer condolences while attending the Pope'sfuneral. He also expressed Tunisia'ssolidarity with the Holy See'speople and authorities in order to strengthen the world'sfoundations of security and stability. * – The Government mourned Pope Francis'spassing, recalling his 2015 visit as a moment of unity and spiritual renewal. Minister Chris Baryomunsi praised the Pope'scommitment to peace and social justice, noting Uganda would be represented at his funeral. * – President Hakainde Hichilema and his predecessor Edgar Lungu paid tribute to the Pope'slegacy. * – President Emmerson Mnangagwa described the Pope as "a man of profound humility who stood for peace compassion and justice". Americas in Columbus, Ohio, United States * – Prime Minister Gaston Browne wrote a condolence letter to Bishop Robert Llanos of St. John's-Basseterre, saying that the Pope'slife was a witness to the strength of humility, mercy, and everlasting devotion to the Gospel of Christ. He also described how the Pope embodied the values of discernment, listening, and servant leadership while igniting a spirit of compassion and regeneration inside the Church and that his dedication to social justice, interfaith understanding, and environmental preservation had a significant and enduring influence. * – President Javier Milei expressed his condolences. * – Prime Minister Philip Davis (Bahamian politician) * – Prime Minister Mia Mottley expressed her condolences, describing the Pope as "a
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Wikipedia:Reactions to the death of Pope Francis
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understanding, and environmental preservation had a significant and enduring influence. * – President Javier Milei expressed his condolences. * – Prime Minister Philip Davis (Bahamian politician) * – Prime Minister Mia Mottley expressed her condolences, describing the Pope as "a beacon of global moral strategic leadership" and said that his writings gave her courage during some of Barbados' most difficult moments. * – An official statement by the government praised his "legacy of compassion, humility, and peace" and mentioned his 2024 meeting with Prime Minister John Briceño at the Vatican, celebrating decades of Church support in Belizean education, healthcare, and social services. * – President Luis Arce described Pope Francis as "not only the leader of the Catholic Church, but also a staunch friend of the Patria Grande and a fervent defender of the most vulnerable." * – President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva stated that Pope Francis "tirelessly sought to bring love where there was hate. Unity where there was discord. And the understanding that we are all equal, living in the same house, our planet, which urgently needs our care." * – Prime Minister Mark Carney described the Pope as "a voice of moral clarity, spiritual courage and boundless compassion" and as "the world'sconscience" and highlighted an apology he made in 2022 to survivors of the Canadian Indian residential school system during his Visit by Pope Francis to Canada * – President Gabriel Boric, wrote on his Twitter account that "Pope Francis, who made a genuine effort to bring the Church closer to people in a world where the spiritual seems to have taken a back seat, has died" and nodded to the values of "social justice" that Francis defended. * – President Gustavo Petro described Pope Francis as a "great friend", and stated that he felt "somewhat alone" after Francis'sdeath. He further underlined that the Pope was a champion of life and that he served as a spiritual leader.
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Wikipedia:Reactions to the death of Pope Francis
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* – President Gustavo Petro described Pope Francis as a "great friend", and stated that he felt "somewhat alone" after Francis'sdeath. He further underlined that the Pope was a champion of life and that he served as a spiritual leader. * – The flags on the Presidential Palace were flown at half-mast to pay respect to Francis'sdeath. * – President and Communist Party of Cuba * – Prime Minister Roosevelt Skerrit praised Pope Francis as a man of peace and a true shepherd of the faith. "Let us honor his legacy of humility, compassion, and care for the weakest among us as we grieve his passing," he added. * – President Luis Abinader expressed the "deepest sorrow for the death of His Holiness" and added: "We join in the prayers of the Catholic Church and its faithful, as well as millions of people around the world who recognize his leadership, his legacy of peace, the promotion and defense of human rights and his noble service to those most in need. His memory will live on forever." * – President Daniel Noboa said, "Today the world has lost a spiritual leader who marked our era with his courage to do things differently, his simplicity, and his faith." He added, "From Ecuador, we join in prayer with the entire Church and the millions of faithful who today mourn the passing of Pope Francis." * – President Nayib Bukele expressed his sorrow over the Pope'spassing and his condolences to Catholics both domestically and internationally. He said, "We offer our prayers for his eternal rest and for comfort for those who loved him and accompanied him in life." * – Prime Minister Dickon Mitchell characterized Pope Francis as a servant leader who lived a life characterized by justice and compassion, speaking up for the underprivileged and disenfranchised. He went on to say that millions of people were moved by the Pope'sleadership to view the world with
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Wikipedia:Reactions to the death of Pope Francis
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Francis as a servant leader who lived a life characterized by justice and compassion, speaking up for the underprivileged and disenfranchised. He went on to say that millions of people were moved by the Pope'sleadership to view the world with compassion and love rather than with division. * – President Bernardo Arévalo said, "Thank you for everything, Pope Francis. May the Pope of mercy and simplicity rest in peace." * – President Irfaan Ali described Pope Francis as "a shepherd of compassion and conscience", and expressed condolences on behalf of the government and people of Guyana. He praised the Pope'slegacy of humility, advocacy for the environment, and commitment to social justice and interfaith dialogue. * – The Transitional Presidential Council made a statement calling the Pope a revered spiritual leader and a fierce advocate for human dignity. It further stated that Pope Francis has been a voice of justice, compassion, and peace throughout his pontificate, calling to everyone'sheart regardless of their beliefs. His dedication to the weakest members of society, his humility, and his confidence in mankind will live on in the collective memory. * – President Xiomara Castro offered her condolences, highlighting that the Pope was a great spiritual leader who was sympathetic to the poor and a champion of justice, peace, migrants, and the preservation of their shared homeland. * – Prime Minister Andrew Holness expressed his condolences, stating that Pope Francis was a champion and advocate for change, using his position as pope to draw attention to causes such as climate change, equity, and fairness. He added that millions were drawn to his approach and a stronger faith in God because of his peaceful humility. * – President Claudia Sheinbaum described Pope Francis as a "humanist who opted for the poor, peace and equality", while former president Enrique Peña Nieto (who oversaw Pope Francis'svisit to Mexico in 2016) lamented his death, describing him as an "social leader of great
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Wikipedia:Reactions to the death of Pope Francis
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Sheinbaum described Pope Francis as a "humanist who opted for the poor, peace and equality", while former president Enrique Peña Nieto (who oversaw Pope Francis'svisit to Mexico in 2016) lamented his death, describing him as an "social leader of great relevancy". * – Co-Presidents Daniel Ortega and Rosario Murillo expressed sorrow over Pope Francis'sdeath, honoring him as the first pope from the Americas. In an official statement, they praised his message of peace and faith, despite past tensions with the Vatican, and offered prayers for his eternal rest. * – President José Raúl Mulino expressed his condolences and stated that "his time at the Vatican left a lasting impression and filled the hearts of people around the world with sympathy, appreciation, and recognition. Peace to his great soul." * – President Santiago Peña sent his condolences, saying that the Pope left behind a legacy of service and dedication to the most vulnerable ideals that would serve as a constant source of guidance. * – President Dina Boluarte offered her condolences through the verified account of the Presidential Office on Twitter and affirmed that the Pope was able to guide the Church'scourse with compassion, knowledge, and optimism. * – Prime Minister Terrance Drew stated that Catholics in the Caribbean and Latin America, especially in Saint Kitts and Nevis, were filled with pride and hope after Pope Francis was elected as the first Latin American and Jesuit pope in more than a thousand years. He added that during Francis' pontificate, he relentlessly promoted interfaith harmony and dialogue, advocated for the poor, and demanded greater social justice. * – Prime Minister Philip J. Pierre described Pope Francis as a marginalized and impoverished advocate. He also stated that the Pope'smessage to us was one of tolerance and love in a society filled with sadness and perceived disparities. * – Prime Minister Ralph Gonsalves stated that there is a lot of sorrow in the world. He characterized
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Wikipedia:Reactions to the death of Pope Francis
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stated that the Pope'smessage to us was one of tolerance and love in a society filled with sadness and perceived disparities. * – Prime Minister Ralph Gonsalves stated that there is a lot of sorrow in the world. He characterized Pope Francis as a powerful advocate for world peace, a great moral leader, and someone who sought to improve the world. * – President Chan Santokhi expressed his condolences, calling the Pope "a moral compass for the world community" and praising his unwavering pursuit of justice, peace, and human dignity. * – Prime Minister Stuart Young described the Pope as a remarkable and modest leader who was well-known for advancing international diplomacy. Clinton described him as "an extraordinary one". In a post on Twitter, Vice President JD Vance, who also met with the Pope on the day before his death, expressed his gratitude at seeing him "though he was obviously very ill", and expressed his sympathy with "the millions of Christians all over the world who loved him". ** – Governor Jenniffer González-Colón offered her condolences, saying that many people'sperceptions of spiritual leadership were changed by Pope Francis' humility, sense of social justice, and ability to speak to the hearts of the people, especially the most marginalized and unfortunate. ** – On behalf of Governor Albert Bryan Jr., Director Richard Motta Jr. led the Government House press briefing on 22 April by expressing deeply felt condolences for the loss Pope Francis. "Pope Francis was a humble servant with a moral compass whose message of justice, compassion, and mercy resonated around the world," Motta added. "He had a special place in many hearts here in the Virgin Islands, where community and faith are essential to our way of life." * – President Yamandú Orsi expressed his condolences to the Catholic community and stated that "he departed perhaps at a time when the world needed him the most," leaving behind "a clear legacy and
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Wikipedia:Reactions to the death of Pope Francis
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essential to our way of life." * – President Yamandú Orsi expressed his condolences to the Catholic community and stated that "he departed perhaps at a time when the world needed him the most," leaving behind "a clear legacy and a path to follow", while former president José Mujica stated that "it is not just a neutral Pope who has passed away, it is the story of a religious man committed to his way of thinking and feeling." * – President Nicolás Maduro expressed his condolences, calling Pope Francis a "pastor of the world, brother of the South, and staunch defender of justice, peace, and the most humble." He underlined that the Pope came to prominence as a fearless voice that condemned the injustices of the international system and pushed for the development of a society that is more compassionate and encouraging. Asia * – President Vahagn Khachaturyan delivered a note of sorrow to Cardinal Giovanni Battista Re, stating that Pope Francis' passing is a profound loss for the Catholic world and all of Christendom, and that he would be remembered as a beacon of hope, compassion, and togetherness. He continued saying that the Pope'stireless efforts were focused on establishing world peace and solidarity as well as advancing universal ideals. Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan expressed his profound sadness over Pope Francis'sdeath and said his leadership in promoting a just and peaceful world will never be forgotten. * – President Ilham Aliyev was reported to have sent a letter to Cardinal Kevin Farrell of the Camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church, praising the Pope for his humanistic works and ideologies and expressing his remembrance for his meetings with him. * – The royal court mourned Pope Francis and expressed condolences on behalf of King Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa. * – The Yunus ministry * – Prime Minister Hun Manet extended his condolences and said that he would be remembered for
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Wikipedia:Reactions to the death of Pope Francis
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The royal court mourned Pope Francis and expressed condolences on behalf of King Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa. * – The Yunus ministry * – Prime Minister Hun Manet extended his condolences and said that he would be remembered for "his compassion and great advocacy for peace, justice, and care for the vulnerable". * – The Ministry of Foreign Affairs (China) ** – Government officials, including former Chief Executive of Hong Kong * – President Lai Ching-te hailed the pope's "lifelong commitment to peace, global solidarity, and caring for those in need". * – President Salome Zourabichvili said that her "thoughts are with the millions of Catholics mourning Pope Francis' passing on Easter Monday". Prime Minister Irakli Kobakhidze offered his condolences, adding that the Pope'slegacy of harmony, compassion, and peace would endure. * – Prime Minister Narendra Modi said he is "deeply pained" by the death of Pope Francis. 3 days of official mourning were declared and all flags at government and public buildings and spaces were ordered to fly at half mast in respect for the late pontiff. Former presidents Joko Widodo and Megawati Sukarnoputri also offered their condolences on the Pope'sdeath. * – President Masoud Pezeshkian said Francis "dedicated his life to spreading the teachings of Christ and made effective and lasting efforts in this direction", and highlighted his role in condemning the Israeli invasion of the Gaza Strip. * – President Isaac Herzog hailed Francis's "boundless compassion". Israel later ordered the removal of other official posts expressing condolences to Francis, and also ordered Israeli ambassadors not to sign condolence books at List of diplomatic missions of the Holy See * – Emperor Naruhito and Empress Empress Masako * – King Abdullah II of Jordan * – President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev stated that Pope Francis was a remarkable spiritual leader who worked tirelessly to further the admirable principles of justice, compassion, and humanism. He referred to the 2022 apostolic visit of
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Wikipedia:Reactions to the death of Pope Francis
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King Abdullah II of Jordan * – President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev stated that Pope Francis was a remarkable spiritual leader who worked tirelessly to further the admirable principles of justice, compassion, and humanism. He referred to the 2022 apostolic visit of the Pope to Kazakhstan, which served as a potent symbol of understanding and tolerance. * – Emir Sheikh Mishal Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah sent Cardinal Giovanni Battista Re a cable expressing his sympathies. Throughout his lifetime, he became a symbol of religious tolerance, bringing people together, and forgiveness. He also commended the Pope'senormous contributions, particularly his brave positions that promoted peace and harmony. * – President Sadyr Japarov sent Cardinal Kevin Farrell a telegram expressing his condolences. He added that Pope Francis has played a major role in advancing humanism, tolerance, mercy, forgiveness, and understanding between nations. * – President Joseph Aoun mourned the loss of a "dear friend" of Lebanon and expressed condolences to the Holy See. Prime Minister Nawaf Salam also characterized the pope as "a solid supporter" of Lebanon. * – Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim expressed his condolences while lauding the Pope'slasting legacy as a moral compass of justice, humility, and compassion in a turbulent world. He went on to say that the Pope'sdedication to environmental conservation, interfaith understanding, and the dignity of the marginalized went well beyond what the Catholic Church could provide. * – President Ukhnaagiin Khürelsükh expressed his condolences, remembering the visit of Pope Francis in Mongolia in 2023 as an "event of exceptional importance that will be etched forever in golden letters in the history". Prime Minister Oyun-Erdene Luvsannamsrai said that Francis "was a close and cherished friend of the Mongolian people" and "his visit marked a historic milestone the first-ever papal journey to Mongolia (...) 777 years after the envoy Giovanni da Pian del Carpine delivered a message from Pope Innocent IV to the Mongolian Empire". * – State Administration Council Chairman Min Aung Hlaing offered
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Wikipedia:Reactions to the death of Pope Francis
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a historic milestone the first-ever papal journey to Mongolia (...) 777 years after the envoy Giovanni da Pian del Carpine delivered a message from Pope Innocent IV to the Mongolian Empire". * – State Administration Council Chairman Min Aung Hlaing offered his condolences and stated that the Pope "will be held in high esteem for his service and dedication [to] the Lord as well as his contribution to […] world peace." * – Prime Minister K. P. Sharma Oli described Pope Francis as a global symbol of peace, compassion, and justice, whose papacy touched lives across the world. He extended heartfelt condolences on behalf of Nepal to the global Catholic community, noting that the Pope'slegacy would be remembered for his unwavering commitment to harmony, humility, and the service of humanity. * – Sultan Haitham bin Tariq sent a cable to Cardinal Kevin Farrell expressing his condolences to the Vatican'sresidents and Christians worldwide. * – President Asif Ali Zardari said that Pope Francis would be remembered for his efforts in promoting peace, social justice, inter-faith dialogue, and the well-being of the most vulnerable communities worldwide. Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif described him as a strong advocate of harmony and peace. * – President Mahmoud Abbas said that Pope Francis was a faithful friend of the Palestinians who championed their rights. * – President Bongbong Marcos said that the Philippines joins the international Catholic community in grieving the loss of Pope Francis. The president said that Pope Francis was "A man of profound faith and humility, Pope Francis led not only with wisdom but with a heart open to all, especially the poor and the forgotten" and described him as the "best pope in my lifetime." * – Emir Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani expressed condolences in a cable to Cardinal Kevin Farrell, the Camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church. * – King Salman of Saudi Arabia * – President Tharman Shanmugaratnam described Pope Francis
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Wikipedia:Reactions to the death of Pope Francis
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* – Emir Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani expressed condolences in a cable to Cardinal Kevin Farrell, the Camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church. * – King Salman of Saudi Arabia * – President Tharman Shanmugaratnam described Pope Francis as having "unwavering compassion, humility, and dedication to humanity", whose messages resonated with Singapore'smultifaith community. Prime Minister Lawrence Wong said that Pope Francis' compassion and leadership have impacted countless lives, given people hope, and bolstered efforts to promote unity and harmony among all religions. He offered his condolences to the Catholic community in Singapore and around the world. * – Acting President and Prime Minister Han Duck-soo sent a message of condolences to Vatican Secretary of State Pietro Parolin, saying, "The government and people of the Republic of Korea share in the sorrow of Catholics around the world and convey their heartfelt condolences." He also mentioned the relationship between the Pope and South Korea, including the Pope'svisit to the country in 2014. * – President Anura Kumara Dissanayake honored Pope Francis' legacy of justice, compassion, and interfaith harmony. He stated that the world would never be the same because of the Pope'sunwavering dedication to humanity, compassion, and peace. The country declared 26 April 2025 a national day of mourning. * – President Ahmed al-Sharaa praised Pope Francis, stating that he stood with the Syrian people during their most difficult times and never stopped speaking out against the injustice and violence they had to deal with. "His calls transcended political boundaries, and his legacy of moral courage and solidarity will live on in the hearts of many in our homeland," he added. * – President Emomali Rahmon sent a telegraph of condolences to Cardinal Giovanni Battista Re, stating that the Pope'sinnovative acts and initiatives brought him international renown and made a significant contribution to world events. He continued by saying that he acknowledges and values the Pope'sdeserving contributions to fostering intercultural communication and
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Wikipedia:Reactions to the death of Pope Francis
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Cardinal Giovanni Battista Re, stating that the Pope'sinnovative acts and initiatives brought him international renown and made a significant contribution to world events. He continued by saying that he acknowledges and values the Pope'sdeserving contributions to fostering intercultural communication and the full application of the values of tolerance, peace, and harmony in all spheres of life. * – King Vajiralongkorn delivered a condolence message to the Vatican, expressing that both he and Queen Suthida were devastated by the Pope'sdeath. Prime Minister Paetongtarn Shinawatra stated in a message that millions of people from all walks of life were inspired by the Pope'sunfailing compassion, moral courage, noble humility, and relentless quest of peace. * – President José Ramos-Horta described the pope'sdeath as "a global loss" and announced that the country'sflags would be flown at half-mast. * – President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan expressed condolences on social media, describing the pope as "a respected statesman" and "a spiritual leader who gave importance to dialogue between different faith groups and took the initiative in the face of human tragedies, especially the Palestinian issue and the Gaza genocide * – President Serdar Berdimuhamedow expressed his condolences to Cardinal Kevin Farrell, saying that every nation will always remember Pope Francis' tremendous efforts to forge amicable religious ties and advance international peace, harmony, and togetherness. * – President Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan * – President Shavkat Mirziyoyev sent his condolences to Cardinal Kevin Farrell, the Camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church, as well as to the Vatican and Catholics worldwide. He stated, "His Holiness made a worthy contribution to strengthening cooperation between Uzbekistan and the Vatican, promoting interfaith friendship, supporting the needy around the world and spreading the values of kindness and compassion." * – President Lương Cường sent a condolence letter to Cardinal Kevin Farrell. Prime Minister Phạm Minh Chính and Deputy Prime Minister Bùi Thanh Sơn sent their condolences to Cardinal Pietro Parolin and Paul Gallagher (bishop)
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of kindness and compassion." * – President Lương Cường sent a condolence letter to Cardinal Kevin Farrell. Prime Minister Phạm Minh Chính and Deputy Prime Minister Bùi Thanh Sơn sent their condolences to Cardinal Pietro Parolin and Paul Gallagher (bishop) *– President Rashad al-Alimi offered condolences on Pope Francis'sdeath, praising him as a global symbol of tolerance, coexistence, and peace. He highlighted the Pope'ssupport for humanitarian causes and his message of hope to the Yemeni people. Europe , Sicily, on 22 April 2025, reporting the death of Pope Francis * – President Bajram Begaj said the Pope left behind a legacy of "compassion, love and devotion to every person, every believer of every religion". Prime Minister Edi Rama sent his condolences and described the Pope as "an unforgettable friend of Albania." * – Co-princes of Andorra * – President Alexander Van der Bellen hailed the Pope as a "guide of hope" and a "inspiration for millions of believers and far beyond." Francis, he continued, was "very close to the people" and a "Pope for social justice." Chancellor Christian Stocker described the event as "a painful loss for the Catholic Church and for many people around the globe." * – President Alexander Lukashenko wrote in his condolence statement to Cardinal Kevin Farrell that "love for the flock, for all people and for the whole world" characterized Francis'sservice. He added: "As a true humanist and defender of the interests of the common man, the Pope has made an invaluable contribution to ensuring social equality and justice. The Pope'swork has become a testimony to his deep faith, wisdom and humanism". * – King Philippe of Belgium * – The three members of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina issued separate messages of condolences, and the country declared 26 April 2025, a Day of Mourning in his honor. * – President Rumen Radev said that Pope Francis "dedicated his ministry to peace, understanding and
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Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina issued separate messages of condolences, and the country declared 26 April 2025, a Day of Mourning in his honor. * – President Rumen Radev said that Pope Francis "dedicated his ministry to peace, understanding and unity among peoples". Prime Minister Rosen Zhelyazkov wrote that Pope Francis was a genuine friend of Bulgaria and will always be a representation of harmony, compassion, and peace. * – President Zoran Milanović said that "[i]ntoday'sworld full of problems and challenges, Pope Francis was needed as a voice of reason and peace". Prime Minister Andrej Plenković, who was the last foreign political official to meet with Francis before his death, stated that his "life and spiritual path left an indelible mark on the modern world." * – President Nikos Christodoulides stated that the Pope supported efforts of cooperation among different nations and religions, thus making him a "steadfast champion of peace and coexistence among peoples and cultures." * – President Petr Pavel said that Francis "was above all a representative of humanity in the contemporary world", who left behind "an inspiring legacy that will continue to endure." Prime Minister Petr Fiala expressed his condolences, stating that the Pope was a devout man who worked to change the Church to better fulfill its role in modern society. * – King Frederik X expressed his condolences, describing the Pope as being dedicated to promoting peace, justice, and always advocating for people living in vulnerable situations. Prime Minister Mette Frederiksen described the Pope as "a dedicated advocate for peace and justice," stating that he will be remembered for his tireless work to help the world'spoorest. * – President Alar Karis sent his condolences, calling the Pope a modest, moral leader whose appeal for justice, compassion, and togetherness reached much beyond the Catholic Church. * – President Alexander Stubb said Pope Francis "will be remembered for his work among the poor and as a defender of
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Pope a modest, moral leader whose appeal for justice, compassion, and togetherness reached much beyond the Catholic Church. * – President Alexander Stubb said Pope Francis "will be remembered for his work among the poor and as a defender of the socially disadvantaged". Prime Minister Petteri Orpo also expressed condolences. * – President Emmanuel Macron paid tribute to Pope Francis, calling him a "man of humility, on the side of the most vulnerable and most fragile". * – President Frank-Walter Steinmeier described the pope as a "shining sign of hope" and a "man of peace". Chancellor Olaf Scholz expressed his condolences at the loss of "an advocate for the weak, a reconciler, and a warm-hearted person" in a post on Twitter. Chancellor-designate Friedrich Merz paid tribute to Francis's "tireless commitment to the weakest in society, to justice and reconciliation". * – President Konstantinos Tasoulas called the Pope a "transformative religious leader" whose legacy "will continue to inspire during difficult times." Prime Minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis posted his condolences for Francis and people who share values of peace and solidarity. * – President Tamás Sulyok said that Pope Francis "spoke in the language of the people, so that everyone could understand him". Prime Minister Viktor Orbán thanked Pope Francis in a post on Facebook bidding him farewell. * – President Halla Tómasdóttir paid tribute to the Pope, describing him as "an important leader" whose influence should endure in world leadership. * – President Michael D. Higgins paid tribute to the Pope in an official statement. Taoiseach Micheál Martin wrote on social media that "Pope Francis'slegacy is his message of peace, reconciliation, and solidarity that lives in the hearts of those he inspired." * – President Sergio Mattarella said that the death of the Pope aroused "pain and emotion among Italians and throughout the world." Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni described the Pope as "a great man, a great shepherd" and expressed her sorrow. Albin Kurti,
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Wikipedia:Reactions to the death of Pope Francis
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President Sergio Mattarella said that the death of the Pope aroused "pain and emotion among Italians and throughout the world." Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni described the Pope as "a great man, a great shepherd" and expressed her sorrow. Albin Kurti, acting Prime Minister of Kosovo, expressed condolences and added the pope'slegacy would "live on forever." * – President Edgars Rinkēvičs offered his condolences and emphasized the Pope'ssignificance to the community at large as well as to believers. * – The flag on Vaduz Castle and the Government Building, Vaduz * – President Gitanas Nausėda sent his condolences, calling the event a moment of great loss. He underlined that the Pope has left behind a father who cared for all of mankind as a single, large family, a wise and intimate friend, an inspirational teacher, and an example of honorable and joyous service. Prime Minister Gintautas Paluckas mourned Pope Francis’sdeath, calling it a great loss for Lithuania and the global Church. He praised the Pope’scompassion and recalled his 2018 visit as a deeply spiritual and unifying moment for the nation. * – Grand Duke Henri, Grand Duke of Luxembourg * – Prime Minister Robert Abela expressed his condolences on behalf of the Maltese government, stating that the Pope's "List of pastoral visits of Pope Francis#2022 * – President Maia Sandu paid tribute to Pope Francis, saying "Pope Francis has dedicated his life to the values of humanity, hope, and solidarity". * – Prince Albert II, Prince of Monaco * – President Jakov Milatović described Pope Francis as "a spiritual leader who inspired the hearts of believers around the world". * – King Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands * – King Harald V said Pope Francis was "highly respected and loved for being a passionate and clear voice for the most vulnerable in society." Prime Minister Jonas Gahr Støre described the pope as "an important and clear voice for social justice and human dignity", who
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Wikipedia:Reactions to the death of Pope Francis
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Francis was "highly respected and loved for being a passionate and clear voice for the most vulnerable in society." Prime Minister Jonas Gahr Støre described the pope as "an important and clear voice for social justice and human dignity", who "challenged both politicians and society to take greater responsibility for the most vulnerable and built bridges in a world marked by division". * – President Andrzej Duda said Pope Francis was "guided by humility and modesty", Prime Minister Luís Montenegro called Francis "an extraordinary Pope who leaves a unique legacy of humanism, empathy, compassion and closeness to people". * – Acting President Ilie Bolojan described the pope as a "symbol of humility, compassion and tireless commitment to peace and justice", adding that he was also a friend to Romanians. Prime Minister Marcel Ciolacu said "Pope Francis remains a tireless advocate for peace for people everywhere". * – President Vladimir Putin expressed his condolences to the Vatican, saying Pope Francis "actively promoted the development of dialogue between the Russian Orthodox and Roman Catholic Churches, as well as constructive cooperation between Russia and the Holy See". * – Captains Regents Denise Bronzetti and Italo Righi issued an official message expressing "feelings of emotion and deep participation in the mourning" highlighting the Pope as a "unanimously recognised figure who marked an epoch". State Secretary Luca Beccari wrote "through his life and pontificate, the Holy Father has left an indelible mark on the history of the Catholic Church and all of humanity, distinguishing himself for his tireless commitment to peace, social justice, the dignity of the weakest and dialogue between peoples and religions". * – President Aleksandar Vučić expressed his "deep sorrow" at the Pope'sdeath, writing on social media: "The world has lost an exceptional spiritual leader who, through his apostolic mission, spread love, peace, and solidarity." * – President Peter Pellegrini said, "We've been left without a man who charmed everyone with his humanity, modesty,
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Wikipedia:Reactions to the death of Pope Francis
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on social media: "The world has lost an exceptional spiritual leader who, through his apostolic mission, spread love, peace, and solidarity." * – President Peter Pellegrini said, "We've been left without a man who charmed everyone with his humanity, modesty, and wisdom." He added that the Pope was the epitome of humanity and humility, a fervent supporter of peace, and a foe of all evil. Prime Minister Robert Fico said of the Pope, "He was a great spiritual man of love. He was a humble man of dialogue, peace and tranquility. He was a tireless man of truth who courageously broke down divisions and built bridges of unification." Interior minister Matúš Šutaj Eštok announced that the flag of Slovakia will be flown at half-mast between Tuesday, 22 April 2025, 8 am (Central European Summer Time * – President Nataša Pirc Musar expressed her condolences, stating that the world had lost a remarkable spiritual leader who had shaped our era with his compassion, simplicity, and unwavering pursuit of justice, peace, and human dignity. Prime Minister Robert Golob said that the Pope "said goodbye to us in extremely difficult times, which are not honorable to us as humanity. The wars that Francis sincerely wanted to end, and the divisions between nations that he tried to pacify, all of his work gave us hope and faith that we will be able to do it and that good and peace will prevail". * – King Felipe VI and the royal family expressed their deep sadness, with a statement by the Royal House saying that Pope Francis "testified throughout his pontificate to the importance of love of neighbour, fraternity and social friendship for the world of our century". Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez hailed Pope Francis'scommitment to the "most vulnerable". Prime Minister Ulf Kristersson also expressed condolences. * – President Karin Keller-Sutter said Pope Francis was a "great spiritual leader, a tireless advocate for peace". Prime Minister Keir
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Wikipedia:Reactions to the death of Pope Francis
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century". Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez hailed Pope Francis'scommitment to the "most vulnerable". Prime Minister Ulf Kristersson also expressed condolences. * – President Karin Keller-Sutter said Pope Francis was a "great spiritual leader, a tireless advocate for peace". Prime Minister Keir Starmer praised him as "a Pope for the poor, the downtrodden and the forgotten." Former Prime Minister Gordon Brown also saluted the pope's "unselfish life of service and moral leadership". ** – Sir Timothy Le Cocq, Bailiff of Jersey, said the Pope's "selfless devotion to his faith and to all of those of good intent made him a much loved and respected figure". ** Northern Ireland– First Minister Michelle O'Neill said that Catholics "right across the world, including here in Ireland, will feel his loss deeply," while deputy First Minister Emma Little-Pengelly also paid respects in a statement. ** – First Minister John Swinney described Francis as "a voice for peace, tolerance and reconciliation". * – Prime Minister Anthony Albanese described Pope Francis as "a devoted champion and loving father" to all Catholics, and added that his death would by mourned by Australians of all faiths. The national flag was flown at half-mast on federal government buildings. Governor-General Sam Mostyn also paid tribute to the pope in an official statement. * – Prime Minister Sitiveni Rabuka sent his own and the nation'scondolences, stating that Fiji is in solidarity with people throughout during this time of grief.He added that generations both inside and beyond the Catholic Church will be inspired by the late pope'slegacy of faith, compassion, and service. * – Governor Lou Leon Guerrero and her deputy Josh Tenorio issued a joint statement saying that Francis'slegacy would "continue to shape the way we lead, live, and connect with each other". * – The Government of Kiribati has extended its condolences to Bishop Simon Mani, the head of the Catholic Church for the Diocese of Tarawa and Nauru, as well as to priests,
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Wikipedia:Reactions to the death of Pope Francis
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