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than it previously appeared to be. After Haugen publicly disclosed her identity, Pierre Omidyar'sphilanthropic organization, Luminate Group, began to provide support to Haugen, including help with press relations Securities and Exchange Commission complaints At least eight complaints were filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) by Haugen'sattorneys, In a SEC Whistleblower protection in the United States Haugen'scomplaint included internal Facebook documents pertaining to Facebook management of misinformation and hate speech in India. The complaint stated that many users and pages associated with the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS) promoted fear-mongering and Islamophobia Public statements by Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg are referenced in the SEC complaints filed by Haugen, along with her allegation that Zuckerberg is ultimately responsible as CEO, since he controlled Facebook. Various public statements by Zuckerberg, including his 2020 testimony before the U.S. Congress, appear to be inconsistent with internal Facebook documents submitted by Haugen. October 5, 2021 U.S. Congress testimony On October 5, 2021, Haugen testified before the United States Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation Haugen stated during the hearing, "The company'sleadership knows how to make Facebook and Instagram safer, but won'tmake the necessary changes because they have put their astronomical profits before people. Congressional action is needed. They won’tsolve this crisis without your help." Haugen further discussed Myanmar and Ethiopia, stating Facebook is "literally fanning ethnic violence" when engagement-based ranking is deployed without functioning integrity and security systems. Haugen also indicated she is in communication with another U.S. congressional committee about issues related to espionage and disinformation, and a reason she has not shared documents with the Federal Trade Commission is because she believes Facebook systems will "continue to be dangerous even if they're broken up." After the hearing, Senator Richard Blumenthal, chair of the Commerce subcommittee, said Haugen "wants to fix Facebook, not burn it to the ground." In the wake of Haugen'stestimony, the response from Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg that day included "Many of
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After the hearing, Senator Richard Blumenthal, chair of the Commerce subcommittee, said Haugen "wants to fix Facebook, not burn it to the ground." In the wake of Haugen'stestimony, the response from Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg that day included "Many of the claims don'tmake any sense. I think most of us just don’trecognize the false picture of the company that is being painted", and "We're committed to doing the best work we can, but at some level the right body to assess trade-offs between social equities is our democratically elected Congress." A post-hearing statement from Lena Pietsch, Facebook'sdirector of policy communications, included, "We agree on one thing. It'stime to begin to create standard rules for the internet." Senator Blumenthal indicated he wanted Zuckerberg to testify before Congress regarding the documents disclosed by Haugen, and that the subcommittee might issue a subpoena to Facebook for more records. State attorneys general actions Documents disclosed by Haugen were shared with state attorneys general offices in California, Massachusetts, Vermont, Nebraska and Tennessee. On October 13, 2021, in response to disclosures made by Haugen to The Wall Street Journal, more than a dozen U.S. state attorneys general sent a letter to Facebook requesting information about the Facebook "XCheck system" that protects high-profile users and Facebook action against COVID-19 vaccine misinformation. The lawsuit seeks over $100 billion in damages and for the company to implement reforms. The investigation includes a focus on Instagram, how Meta promotes engagement, and possible harms to children and teenagers. The United States Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs and the United States House Select Committee on the January 6 Attack On October 11, 2021, Facebook's Oversight Board (Facebook) On October 25, 2021, Haugen testified before the Parliament of the United Kingdom. During her testimony, she advocated for government regulation of Facebook, and for Facebook to make changes. On November 8, 2021, she appeared before the European Parliament in a hearing organized by
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The International Association of Black Actuaries (IABA) is a tax-exempt, nonprofit Professional association Mission IABA'smission is to contribute to an increase in the number of Black people Organizational structure IABA is a Volunteering History * October 25, 1992: Sixty-five men and women from the United States, the Caribbean and Canada attend the inaugural meeting of the National Association of Black Actuaries (NABA) in Washington, D.C. * October 16, 1994: The second Annual Meeting of NABA takes place in Chicago, Illinois. The name is changed to the International Association of Black Actuaries (IABA). By-laws and committees are proposed. Garth Bernard FSA becomes its first elected president. * October 14, 1995: Boston, Massachusetts, hosts the Annual Meeting for the first time. * September 22, 1996: The Annual Meeting is moved to the campus of Howard University in Washington, DC, which becomes IABA's “home” for four years. Christopher Allen of Morehouse College receives the first IABA scholarship. Four committees (Communications, Membership, Mentoring, and Finance) are approved and chairs named. * September 9–10, 2000: Atlanta, Georgia, becomes the first host city in the current six-city rotation for the Annual Meeting. At this meeting, professional development is added in the form of three workshops and a rap session. * April 4, 2001: IABA is granted 501(c)(6) status. * August 2003: The first seven City Affiliates (Atlanta, Chicago, New York / New Jersey, Boston, Delaware Valley, Washington DC and Hartford) are formed. * August 18, 2004: The IABA Foundation is formed and is granted 501(c)(3) status. * December 3, 2004: The Corporate Advisory Council is formed with twelve organizations (Hewitt, Hartford, Aetna, Howard University, Towers Perrin, National African American Insurance Association (NAAIA), Mercer, DW Simpson, North Carolina Mutual Life
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Insurance Company * August 5, 2005: The Annual Meeting introduces an agenda with 12 professional development sessions. The two-day meeting starts on a Friday just after lunch. * February 23, 2007: IABA holds its first Legends
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North Carolina Mutual Life Insurance Company * August 5, 2005: The Annual Meeting introduces an agenda with 12 professional development sessions. The two-day meeting starts on a Friday just after lunch. * February 23, 2007: IABA holds its first Legends Reception, to honor black actuaries who have been trailblazers. The first honoree is Robert J. Randall, FSA 1952. * June 2007: IABA hires its first Executive Director. * August 2012: IABA hosts the first IABA Actuarial Boot Camp. * April 2013: IABA launches a state-of-the-art job board and career portal. * August 1–2, 2014: The Annual Meeting adds Thursday-afternoon to the agenda, making the IABA Annual Meeting a full two and a half day conference. * March 17, 2015: IABA is granted 501(c)(3) status. The IABA Foundation is then merged into IABA, allowing the organization to operate as one charitable entity. * August 2015: Total scholarship funds awarded since 1996 exceeds $500,000. * August 7–8, 2015: IABA Annual Meeting attendance reaches 300 for the first time. Past presidents * Garth Bernard FSA October 1994 - September 1996 * Linda Shepherd FCAS October 1996 - August 1998 * Jeffrey Johnson FSA September 1998 - August 2000 * Sharon Robinson FCAS September 2000 - August 2002 * Stafford Thompson * Jeffrey Johnson FSA September 2006 - December 2009 * John Robinson FSA January 2010 – December 2013 * Monique Hacker-Patterson FSA January 2013 - December 2016 * Tenesia McGruder FSA - January 2017 - December 2020 * Dwayne Husbands FSA CFA - January 2021 - December 2024 References External links * BlackActuaries.org * Annual Meeting http://www.blackactuaries.org/page/AnnualMeeting * Boot Camp http://www.blackactuaries.org/page/BootCamp * Scholarship http://www.blackactuaries
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.org/page/Scholarship * Mentoring http://www.blackactuaries.org/page/Mentoring * Outreach http://www.blackactuaries.org/page/IABAPresentationsIn Category:African-American professional organizations Category:Actuarial associations Category:Professional associations based in the United States Category:Non-profit organizations based in Connecticut
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Mark Roth (born 1957) is an American biochemist, and director of the Roth Lab at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center. He is a professor at the University of Washington. Life He graduated from the University of Oregon with a Bachelor of Science in 1979, and from the University of Colorado at Boulder He studies hibernation and suspended animation. This technology is not likely to be used for long term suspension of people or other mammals any time soon. Roth spoke at the 2010 TED (conference) He is married to Laurie; they had two daughters and a son. Awards * 2007 MacArthur Fellows Program References External links * Roth Labs at Fred Hutchinson * ** Suspended animation is within our grasp (TED2010) Category:American biochemists Category:American medical academics Category:University of Oregon alumni Category:University of Colorado alumni Category:University of Washington faculty Category:1957 births Category:Living people Category:MacArthur Fellows Category:Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center people
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Euro-Sinica is a scholarly series, published by the European academic publisher Peter Lang (publishing company) The monograph series was founded by Adrian Hsia, of McGill University, following the first Sino-German symposium on intercultural relations immediately after the opening of China subsequent to the Cultural Revolution. The symposium was co-organized by Hsia and Professor Guenther Debon, University of Heidelberg, and its proceedings entitled Goethe und China, China und Goethe (1985) were published as volume one of the series. Later on, the prominent Chinese novelist and scholar Qian Zhongshu wrote the Chinese title of Euro-Sinica in his beautiful calligraphy which constitutes a part of the book cover since volume three. So far, twelve volumes have been published in English, French, and German, covering the three domains mentioned above. In this series of intellectual probings, the terms "Europe" and "China" are not to be understood geo-politically, but rather culturally. Wherever a European language is used as the official language, such a country is considered to belong to the European cultural group. In a similar vein, wherever Chinese ideograms are used and the tenets of Confucianism, Taoism, and Chinese Buddhism are followed, these countries are regarded as the Sinic group. Studies on both cultural groups are also included in the monograph series. The third domain of Euro-Sinica constitutes analyses of ethnic Chinese artists and thinkers living in the West. Published Titles References Category:Cultural studies Category:Asian studies Category:Area studies Category:Cross-cultural studies Category:Monographs Category:Academic works about philosophy Category:Contemporary Chinese philosophy
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Dimitris Anastassiou is an electrical engineer and Charles Batchelor Professor of Electrical Engineering in the Columbia University School of Engineering. Anastassiou'searlier work focuses primarily on Signal processing . He is also a National Academy of Inventors Anastassiou has made significant advances in the areas of digital technology. His research resulted in Columbia being the only university to hold patent in MPEG-2 technology, a crucial technique used in all types of digital televisions, DVDs, satellite TV, HDTV, digital cable systems, computer video, and other interactive media. In 2013, a team led by Anastassiou won the DREAM Breast Cancer Prognosis Challenge with a genetic model that could predict cancer prognoses with 76% accuracy. Early life and education Anastassiou was born in Athens, Greece in 1952. He received his Bachelor of Engineering from the National Technical University of Athens. Anastassiou is also the recipient of the Columbia University Great Teacher Award. In 1983, Anastassiou joined the faculty of Columbia University. As a result of his MPEG patent, Columbia University became the only university in the MPEG LA patent pool. Revenue from the patent pool allowed Anastassiou to pursue interdisciplinary research in other areas. The project aims to investigate genetic variations based on genome-wide association data for psychiatric disorders to elucidate genetic mechanisms behind schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Breast Cancer Prognosis Challenge In 2013, a team led by Anastassiou won the Breast Cancer Prognosis Challenge (BCC), run by Sage Bionetworks and Dialogue for Reverse Engineering Assessments and Methods (DREAM), which challenged teams to develop models to predict breast cancer survival rates based on a large gene expression and clinical feature dataset. Anastassiou'steam won the challenge despite being smaller and despite competing against teams from companies such as IBM, by taking an approach that was "out-of-the-box" and "completely novel". The model predicts with 76 percent accuracy which of two breast cancer patients will live longer, which is far better than any models previously available. Of
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companies such as IBM, by taking an approach that was "out-of-the-box" and "completely novel". The model predicts with 76 percent accuracy which of two breast cancer patients will live longer, which is far better than any models previously available. Of the results, Anastassiou said: The findings from the competition were published in Science Translational Medicine. While the results are not yet ready for clinical use, The research for the competition was partially funded by Anastassiou'spatents in DVD encoding. See also *Digital data References External links * Columbia Engineering Faculty * Columbia Engineering Newsletter * Hellenica News * Columbia Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Science Category:Fellows of the IEEE Category:Columbia School of Engineering and Applied Science faculty Category:National Technical University of Athens alumni Category:UC Berkeley College of Engineering alumni Category:Living people Category:1952 births Category:Engineers from Athens Category:Greek electrical engineers Category:Greek emigrants to the United States
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Planetary management is intentional global-scale management of Earth'sbiological, chemical and physical property Because of the sheer complexity and enormous scope of the task, it remains to be seen whether planetary management is a feasible paradigm for maintaining global sustainability. The concept currently has defenders and critics on both sides: environmentalist David W. Orr questions whether such a task can be accomplished with human help and technology or without first examining the underlying human causes, while geographer Vaclav Smil acknowledges that "the idea of planetary management may seem preposterous to many, but at this time in history there is no rational alternative". Background according to Rockström et al. 2009 and Steffen et al. 2015. The green areas represent human activities that are within safe margins, the yellow areas represent human activities that may or may not have exceeded safe margins, the red areas represent human activities that have exceeded safe margins, and the gray areas with red question marks represent human activities for which safe margins have not yet been determined. The term has been around in science fiction novels since the 1970s. In 2004, the International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme published “Global Change and the Earth System, a planet under pressure.” The publication’sexecutive summary concluded: “An overall, comprehensive, internally consistent strategy for stewardship of the Earth system is required”. It stated that a research goal is to define and maintain a stable equilibrium in the global environment. In 2009, the planetary boundaries concept was published in the science journal Nature (journal) In 2007, France called for UNEP to be replaced by a new and more powerful organization, the United Nations Environment Organization. The rationale was that UNEP’sstatus as a programme, rather than an organization in the tradition of the World Health Organization or the World Meteorological Organization, weakened it to the extent that it was no longer fit for purpose given current knowledge of the state of Earth. The call was backed
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an organization in the tradition of the World Health Organization or the World Meteorological Organization, weakened it to the extent that it was no longer fit for purpose given current knowledge of the state of Earth. The call was backed by 46 countries. Notably, the top five emitters of greenhouse gases failed to support the call. Planetary Ecosystems Accounting models supports that quantifying both emissions sequestration potential as well as emissions productions can provide a better overview on how to render better informed decisions regarding natural ecosystems. Comparison with other environmental worldviews Together with planetary management, stewardship and environmental wisdom are different ways to manage the Earth or "environmental worldviews". In particular: * Planetary management focus its attention on humans needs and wants, while stewardship aim at the benefit of humans, organisms and ecosystems of the Earth: in other words, planetary management considers humans as the most important species in the Earth, while stewardship and environmental wisdom consider all the species at the same level of importance. * To accomplish its scope, planetary management relies on technology and innovation (as stewardship and spaceship-earth worldview), while environmental wisdom relies on the lesson learned from nature. See also * 2030 Agenda * Brundtland Commission * Climate engineering * Commission on Sustainable Development * Earth systems engineering and management * Earth system science * Environmental management * Geo engineering * Global change * Global governance * Holocene extinction * Macro-engineering * Megaproject * Planetary boundaries * Planetary engineering * Steady-state economy * The Venus Project References Further reading * * External links * Timeline of the Human Condition. Category:International sustainable development Category:Environmentalism Category:Natural resource management Category:Earth
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The Bell Labs Digital Synthesizer, better known as the Alles Machine or Alice, was an experimental additive synthesis Description The Alles Machine consisted of three main parts; an LSI-11 microcomputer, the programmable sound generators, and a number of different input devices. The system was packaged into a large single unit, and weighed 300 pounds – the designers optimistically referred to it as being portable. The microcomputer was supplied with two 8-inch floppy disk drives (from Heathkit, which sold their own LSI-11 machine, the Heathkit H11 The sound generator was fairly complex, containing 1,400 integrated circuits. The first bank of 32 oscillators were used as master signals, and generally meant the system had up to 32-note polyphony (see below). A second set of 32 oscillators was slaved to one of the masters, generating the first N harmonics, where N was from 1 (first harmonic) to 127. Additionally there were a bank of 32 programmable filters, 32 amplitude multipliers, and 256 envelope generators. All of these signals could be mixed in an arbitrary fashion into a bank of 192 accumulators. These were then sent to one of four 16-bit output channels, and from there to a digital-to-analog converter for output. Analog synths of the same era were subject to environmental changes in the input controls that meant every performance, even after a short delay, would be different. Wendy Carlos owned a GDS and used it on the Tron (soundtrack) Further work on the same basic concept produced the lower-cost Synergy, released in 1981. The Synergy removed the computer component, and re-packaged the entire system into a case with a 77-key keyboard. Another additive synth reached the market at about the same time, the Con Brio ADS200, at the slightly lower price of $20,000. Neither the Con Brio or GDS sold well, while the Synergy managed to find some market share. However, when the famous Yamaha DX7 was released in 1983, it quickly took over
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Brio ADS200, at the slightly lower price of $20,000. Neither the Con Brio or GDS sold well, while the Synergy managed to find some market share. However, when the famous Yamaha DX7 was released in 1983, it quickly took over the market. The DX7's FM synthesis offered the same basic control over output sound as an additive synth, but could duplicate the effects of many ganged oscillators in as few as two. Its $2,000 price point eliminated any competition from the additive synths. Production of the Synergy ended in 1985. A final version of the original machine was produced after Digital Keyboards was shut down in early 1985. Digital Keyboards' chief designer, Mercer "Stoney" Stockell, decamped and formed Mulogix with Jim Wright and Jerry Ptascynski. The Mulogix Slave 32 was a Synergy re-packaged into a 2U rack-mount module with a MIDI interface. The Slave 32 could read and write EPROM cartridges from the Synergy. In 1981, Caesar Castro and Alan Heaberland introduced their Casheab S-100 board. It also bore striking resemblance to Alles & Bayer'sdesign. One early adopter was Roger Powell (musician) Starting in 1984, Atari started an effort to develop a single-chip implementation of the Alles Machine in their Atari Sierra Artists who performed on the instrument Two artists of note known to have performed on the Alles Machine are Roger Powell (musician) Several tracks on the album Games by Larry Fast (Synergy) were taken from sessions recorded at Bell Labs on the digital synthesizer. Composer and electronic keyboardist Don Slepian was hired as Artist in Residence in the Acoustics and Behavioral Research department of Bell Labs under director Max V. Mathews from 1979 to 1982 to develop works using the Bell Labs Digital Synthesizer. During this time he produced "Sea of Bliss" and "Rhythm of Life", two full length pieces based on the Alles Machine. References Citations Bibliography * Hal Alles, "A Portable Digital Sound Synthesis System", Computer Music Journal,
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Bell Labs Digital Synthesizer. During this time he produced "Sea of Bliss" and "Rhythm of Life", two full length pieces based on the Alles Machine. References Citations Bibliography * Hal Alles, "A Portable Digital Sound Synthesis System", Computer Music Journal, Volume 1 Number 3 (Fall 1976), pg. 5-9 * Hal Alles (Alles 1979), "An Inexpensive Digital Sound Synthesizer", Computer Music Journal, Volume 3 Number 3 (Fall 1979), pg. 28-37 * Hal Alles (Alles 1980), "Music Synthesis Using Real Time Digital Techniques", Proceedings of the IEEE, Volume 68 Number 4 (April 1980), pg. 436–449 * Peter Manning, "Electronic and Computer Music", Oxford University Press US, 2004 External links * * * The SYNERGY Digital Synthesizer * Crumar GDS from italian crumar museum * A Digital "Phase Shifter" for Musical Applications Category:Synthesizers Category:Bell Labs Category:Digital synthesizers
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Howard Steven Friedman (born June 10, 1972) is an American statistician, data scientist, health economist, and writer who teaches at Columbia University Friedman is known for his role as a lead modeler on a number of public sector and private sector projects and for his publications in the fields of statistics, data science and health economics. Early life and education Friedman received a master's in statistics in 1998 and PhD in biomedical engineering from Johns Hopkins University in 1999. His thesis work focused on neural representations of object color through neurophysiological records of awake, behaving monkeys. This research leveraged a visual phenomenon known as Troxler'sfading which is related to the phenomena of color filling-in to explore how object color is represented in the visual cortex. He has also contributed to areas of changepoint detection as it applies to neurophysiology. Friedman was awarded a number of awards during his undergraduate and graduate career including the National Merit Scholarship, Whitaker Foundation Fellowship and the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship NSF-GRF Career Friedman took a position as a director at Capital One where he led teams of statisticians, analysts and programmers in various areas of operations and marketing. He left Capital One to form Analytic Solutions LLC in 2003 which provided consulting services in areas of designing, developing and modeling data and served as Chief Data Scientist for DataMed Solutions LLC and Sygeny LLC. He also guided start-up companies and private equity firms in a diverse set of industries. He has worked with the United Nations where he led a large number of research projects related to data analytics and health economics. He is credited with being the lead developer of the Integrated Health Model (used for costing the Health-related Millennium Development Goals within UNDP) and the Reproductive Health Costing Tool in UNFPA He is a lead scientist for the interagency collaboration among UNICEF, World Bank, World Health Organization, UNFPA, UNAIDS and UNDP
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Health Model (used for costing the Health-related Millennium Development Goals within UNDP) and the Reproductive Health Costing Tool in UNFPA He is a lead scientist for the interagency collaboration among UNICEF, World Bank, World Health Organization, UNFPA, UNAIDS and UNDP for the development of the OneHealth Tool, a project sponsored by the International Health Partnership Friedman is the author of over 100 scientific articles and book chapters in areas of applied statistics, health economics and politics and has created data science courses using R, Python, SQL and SAS software. Literature and artwork In addition to his scientific career, Friedman is an accomplished artist and writer. His formal art training was at both Binghamton University and the School of Visual Arts. In his doctoral thesis, he quoted both Ozymandias and Angels and Stardust in the preface. His paintings have been displayed in a number of New York City venues. In June 2012, Prometheus Books released his book Measure of a Nation. This book focuses on how to improve America by first comparing its performance with thirteen competitive industrial nations, then identifying the best practices found throughout the world that can be adopted here in the United States. Measure of a Nation was named by Jared Diamond as the best book of 2012 in an interview published in the New York Times. In 2020, the University of California Press published Ultimate Price, a book that examines how human life is valued which was translated into numerous languages and featured on National Public Radio. His 2024 book, Winning with Data Science was nominated for the Pulitzer Prize and the National Book Award. He has published textbooks on applied data science including 'Establishing Causal Inferences: Propensity Score Matching, Heckman's Two-Stage Model, Interrupted Time Series, and Regression Discontinuity Models', 'Propensity Score Matching, Adjustment, and Randomized Experiments', and 'Strategic Thinking with Data' Selected publications Book publications *Friedman, Howard Steven and Akshay Swaminathan Winning with Data Science, 2024 *Friedman,
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luorescence detection of polarized electron beam. In: Stanford Linear Accelerator Center Summer Research'', Stanford University Press, 1992 References Category:1972 births Category:American statisticians Category:American male non-fiction writers Category:American artists Category:Living people Category:American officials of the United Nations Category:HuffPost bloggers Category:Columbia University faculty Category:Columbia School of International and Public Affairs faculty Category:Binghamton University alumni Category:Johns Hopkins University alumni
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The 4A Engine is a Game engine Development The engine was developed in Ukraine by a set of people who split off from GSC Game World a year before the release of S.T.A.L.K.E.R.: Shadow of Chernobyl, notably Oles Shishkovtsov and Oleksandr Maksimchuk, the programmers who worked on the development of the X-Ray Engine Shishkovtsov and his colleagues split from the development of S.T.A.L.K.E.R because that "its inherent inability to be multi-threaded, the weak and error-prone networking model, and simply awful resource and memory management which prohibited any kind of streaming or simply keeping the working set small enough for 'next-gen' consoles" along with its "terrible text-based scripting", which he explained led to the delays in the original game. The 4A Engine implementation of Metro 2033 (video game) Using PhysX, the engine uses many features such as destructible environments, and cloth and water simulations, and particles that can be fully affected by environmental factors. Shishkovtsov also noted that porting the original engine to consoles would have proved extremely difficult. Games using 4A Engine * Metro 2033 (video game) * Metro: Last Light (2013) * Metro Redux (2014) * Arktika.1 (2017) * Metro Exodus (2019) References Further reading * Category:2010 software Category:3D graphics software Category:Game engines for Linux Category:Global illumination software Category:Metro 2033 Category:Proprietary software Category:Video game engines
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It was first described in 1932 for an occurrence in the Bushveld Igneous Complex of South Africa. Its name came from William Henry Bragg (1862–1942) and his son, William Lawrence Bragg (1890–1971). It was the first mineral that was discovered with the assistance of X rays. It occurs as magmatic segregations in Layered intrusion Geologic occurrence Platinum group minerals occur many places throughout the world in Layered intrusion Discovery and naming Bannister and Hey discovered and named braggite in 1932. It is the first mineral to be discovered by X-ray methods alone, and thus it was named to honour Sir William Henry Bragg and Sir William Lawrence Bragg of Cambridge University; both were pioneers in the x-ray investigation of crystals. References Category:Platinum minerals Category:Nickel minerals Category:Palladium minerals Category:Sulfide minerals Category:Tetragonal minerals Category:Minerals in space group 84 Category:Minerals described in 1932
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entity in David Trigger and Gareth Griffiths eds. Disputed Territories: Land, Culture and Identity in Settler Societies, Hong Kong University
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Geography, 10(3): 265–279 * Nash, C. (2003) "They’re family * Nash, C. (2003) Setting roots in motion: genealogy, geography and identity in David Trigger and Gareth Griffiths eds. Disputed Territories: Land, Culture and Identity in Settler Societies, Hong Kong University Press, Hong Kong, 29–52 * Nash, C. (2002) Genealogical identities'', Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 20(1): 27–52 References External links * http://www.geog.qmul.ac.uk/staff/nashc.html * http://search.informit.com.au/documentSummary;dn 166194138456041;res IELHSS * http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20100416051507/http%3A//www.esrcsocietytoday.ac.uk/esrcinfocentre/viewawardpage.aspx?awardnumber%3DRES%2D000%2D27%2D0045 Category:Irish feminists Category:Living people Category:Fellows of the British Academy Category:Women geographers Category:Year of birth missing (living people)
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CycleStreets is a not-for-profit United Kingdom organisation that provides a free-to-use national cycle journey planner for the United Kingdom. The planner uses OpenStreetMap data for routing, Shuttle Radar Topography Mission for height data and official Postal code History CycleStreets is a development of the Cambridge Cycle Campaign Journey Planner, which was launched in 2006. CycleStreets itself was launched on 20 March 2009; which was by co-incidence the same day that it was announced that the Transport Direct Portal was about to introduce cycle routing for a small number of trial locations including Manchester. In June 2009, a feature to plan circular routes was added and the project was featured in The Guardian newspaper. In August 2009 functionality was added to export routes for use in GPS device and the ability to route via ferry services and then in October 2009 the project released elevation profiles and 'Balanced routes'. In December 2009, CycleStreets was 'Highly Commended' in the ACT Travelwise annual awards. In February 2010, the ability to share short video clips was added and then in March 2010 CycleStreets added Google Streetview images to the route description pages and a post code look-up function. They reported their 100,000th journey plan itinerary the same month. Development In 2007, during the development of CycleStreets, Simon Nuttall and Martin Lucas-Smith advised Transport Direct on the CycleNetXChange data exchange standard for cycle route data which was later used in the Transport Direct Portal cycle journey planner. In July 2009, CycleStreets was presented at the OpenStreetMap annual 'State of the Map' Conference In September 2009, Martin Lucas Smith of CycleStreets presented the project at the School of Cartography Summer School. The project held its first 'Developer Day' in March 2010, where technical issues relating to the project were discussed and there was a session on cycle routing at WhereCampEU. Funding CycleStreets is a not-for-profit project and has been largely self-funded. It has received grants from the following
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in March 2010, where technical issues relating to the project were discussed and there was a session on cycle routing at WhereCampEU. Funding CycleStreets is a not-for-profit project and has been largely self-funded. It has received grants from the following organisations (in chronological order): *Cycling Scotland (£5,000): To develop a version of the site for Edinburgh, which Cycling Scotland are now promoting as a Scotland-wide system *Cambridge City Council Cambridge Sustainable City project (£3,200) in February 2010. *Co-op Community Fund (£1,000) in March 2010. The project has also benefited from a number of donations in kind, including geographic information donated in OpenStreetMap. References External links *CycleStreets website * Category:Cycling in the United Kingdom Category:Organizations established in 2009 Category:Non-profit organisations based in the United Kingdom Category:Route planning software Category:OpenStreetMap Category:Free and open-source Android software
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Richard Cunningham (12 February 1793 – April 1835) was an England Early life He was born in Wimbledon, London Mitchell expedition and death In 1835, Cunningham joined Thomas Mitchell (explorer) References Category:Botanists active in Australia Category:English botanists Category:People from Wimbledon, London Category:1793 births Category:1835 deaths Category:Explorers of Australia
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'''Inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase 2, also known as IMP dehydrogenase 2', is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the IMPDH2'' gene. Function IMP dehydrogenase 2 is the rate-limiting enzyme in the de novo guanine nucleotide biosynthesis. It is thus involved in maintaining cellular guanine deoxy- and ribonucleotide pools needed for DNA and RNA synthesis. IMPDH2 catalyzes the NAD-dependent oxidation of inosinic acid Clinical significance This gene is up-regulated in some neoplasms, suggesting it may play a role in malignant transformation. See also * IMP dehydrogenase References Further reading * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Category:EC 1.1.1
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Lacus Cutiliensis (Lake of Cutilia) is the ancient Roman name of the modern Lago di Paterno in the municipality of Castel Sant'Angelo, Lazio Overview The lake took its name from the settlement of Cutiliae or Cutilium, which was on its shores at the foot of a mountain. In his work De Lingua Latina, Varro writes that the lake was inhabited by the lymphae commotiles or commotiae, nymphs whose presence is explained by the floating island found there. Pliny the Elder History In his book about theories on the origin of the Saturnalia, Macrobius narrates that the Pelasgians, one of the earliest people who inhabited Latium, had been expelled from their original territory and, having wandered through many places, at last arrived in great numbers at Dodona in Epirus. There they asked the local oracle where they could settle permanently. The oracle's Glossary of ancient Roman religion#responsum Having followed the instructions of the oracle, they arrived at Lake of Cutilia and occupied the island. This island was formed by overgrown plants and its growth had been favoured by the murkiness of this marsh, as was said to have been of Delos. After expelling the Siculi the Pelasgians occupied the lands. They offered as a sacrifice to Apollo the tenth part of the prey and built a shrine to Dis pater The place was an enclosed area (locum saeptum: fenced place) considered sacred and was inhabited by an oracle influential among the Sabines. Sometimes the Sabine migrations known as the ver sacrum started from this place: a famous instance is that of the seven thousand sacrales'' led by Comus (or Cominus) Castronius who founded Bovianum Undecumanorum The spring The waters of a spring near the lake were extremely cold and supposed to be medicinal: they were considered good for the stomach and nerves, and were used in the Roman baths at Aquae Cutiliae which can be seen today. The Emperor Vespasian used to
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near the lake were extremely cold and supposed to be medicinal: they were considered good for the stomach and nerves, and were used in the Roman baths at Aquae Cutiliae which can be seen today. The Emperor Vespasian used to come every summer to drink the waters, and he died there. His son emperor Titus too died there. References Category:Lakes of Lazio Category:Province of Rieti Category:Roman mythology Category:Floating islands Category:Sabines Category:Pelasgians Category:Sacred lakes
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Mid-Ocean School of Media Arts (MOSMA) is a private Vocational school MOSMA was founded in 1994 with a specific focus in delivering education in Sound design The institution, as legally required, is governed by The Private Vocational Institutions Act and Manitoba Regulation 237/02. This legislation provides consumer protection and ensures that the training gives students the skills and knowledge relevant to their chosen field of employment. Curriculum The Audio in Media six-month program is divided into three terms. Terms 1 and 2 include initial subjects of study such as acoustics, psychoacoustics, ear training and audio production equipment components such as audio production consoles, microphones, recording media and signal processors. Delivery of curriculum includes both theoretical introduction to subjects followed by hands-on work within three dedicated in school production rooms. Term 3 (Practicums) requires students to complete audio production projects such as music multi-track recording, radio jingle production and sound design for video. Students also complete a Live Sound module hosted by a local Venue with a live band. The institution utilizes an assessment criteria divided into 40% theoretical/written tests and 60% practical evaluations. The Audio in Media program accepts a maximum enrolment of 15 students. Alongside the Audio in Media program, the school currently lists 3 short courses for its 2024 curriculum: Studio Recording; Editing and Mixing Techniques; and Pro Tools Specialist Certification. References External links * Manitoba Advanced Education and Literacy * Mid-Ocean School of Media Arts Category:Audio engineering schools Category:Universities and colleges in Winnipeg Category:West End, Winnipeg Category:Schools in downtown Winnipeg
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Wikipedia:Mid-Ocean School of Media Arts
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The TRIAD method is the earliest published algorithm for Spacecraft attitude determination Summary Firstly, one considers the linearly independent reference vectors R_1 and R_2 . Let r_1, r_2 be the corresponding measured directions of the reference unit vectors as resolved in a body fixed frame of reference. Following that, they are then related by the equations, NumBlk R_i A r_i for i 1,2 , where A is a rotation matrix (sometimes also known as a proper orthogonal matrix, i.e., A^TA I, det(A) +1 ). A transforms vectors in the body fixed frame into the frame of the reference vectors. Among other properties, rotational matrices preserve the length of the vector they operate on. Note that the direction cosine matrix A also transforms the cross product vector, written as, NumBlk R_1 R_2 A ( r_1 r_2 ) TRIAD proposes an estimate of the direction cosine matrix A as a solution to the linear system equations given by NumBlk [ R_1 ~~ R_2 ~~ (R_1 R_2 ) ] A [ r_1 ~~ r_2 ~~ ( r_1 r_2 ) ] where have been used to separate different column vectors. The solution presented above works well in the noise-free case. However, in practice, r_1, r_2 are noisy and the orthogonality condition of the attitude matrix (or the direction cosine matrix) is not preserved by the above procedure. TRIAD incorporates the following elegant procedure to redress this problem. To this end, one defines unit vectors, NumBlk S _1 NumBlk s _1 and NumBlk M _1 R_2 NumBlk m _1 r_2 to be used in place of the first two columns of equation (). Their cross product is used as the third column in the linear system of equations obtaining a proper orthogonal matrix for the spacecraft attitude given by the following: NumBlk [ S ~ ~ M ~~ S M ] A [ s ~~
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is used as the third column in the linear system of equations obtaining a proper orthogonal matrix for the spacecraft attitude given by the following: NumBlk [ S ~ ~ M ~~ S M ] A [ s ~~ m ~~ s m ] While the normalizations of equations () - () are not necessary, they have been carried out to achieve a computational advantage in solving the linear system of equations in (). Thus an estimate of the spacecraft attitude is given by the proper orthogonal matrix as NumBlk A [ S ~ ~ M ~~ S M ] . [ s ~~ m ~~ s m ]^T Note that computational efficiency has been achieved in this procedure by replacing the matrix inverse with a transpose. This is possible because the matrices involved in computing attitude are each composed of a TRIAD of Orthonormality TRIAD Attitude Matrix and Handedness of Measurements It is of consequence to note that the TRIAD method always produces a proper orthogonal matrix irrespective of the handedness of the reference and body vectors employed in the estimation process. This can be shown as follows: In a matrix form given where : [ S ~ ~ M ~~ S M ] and [ s ~~ m ~~ s m ]. Note that if the columns of form a left-handed TRIAD, then the columns of are also left-handed because of the one-one correspondence between the vectors. This is because of the simple fact that, in Euclidean geometry, the angle between any two vectors remains invariant to coordinate transformations. Therefore, the determinant det ( ) is 1 or -1 depending on whether its columns are right-handed or left-handed respectively (similarly, 1 ). Taking determinant on both sides of the relation in Eq. (), one concludes that This is quite useful in practical applications since the analyst is always guaranteed a proper orthogonal matrix irrespective
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or left-handed respectively (similarly, 1 ). Taking determinant on both sides of the relation in Eq. (), one concludes that This is quite useful in practical applications since the analyst is always guaranteed a proper orthogonal matrix irrespective of the nature of the reference and measured vector quantities. Applications TRIAD was used as an attitude determination technique to process the telemetry data from the Transit satellite system (used by the U.S. Navy for navigation). The principles of the Transit system gave rise to the global positioning system satellite constellation. In an application problem, the reference vectors are usually known directions (e.g. stars, Earth magnetic field, gravity vector, etc.). Body fixed vectors are the measured directions as observed by an on-board sensor (e.g. star tracker, magnetometer, etc.). With advances in micro-electronics, attitude determination algorithms such as TRIAD have found their place in a variety of devices (e.g. smart phones, cars, tablets, UAVs, etc.) with a broad impact on modern society. See also *Attitude dynamics and control *Orientation (geometry) * Wahba'sproblem References Category:Spacecraft attitude control Category:Rotation in three dimensions
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Yahya El Mashad (; 1932 – 14 June 1980) was an Egyptian nuclear scientist who headed the Iraq and weapons of mass destruction Early life and education El Mashad was born in Benha, Egypt in 1932. He was educated in Tanta and graduated from the Electrical Engineering Department in the Faculty of Engineering at Alexandria University in 1952. and supervised Iraq'snuclear co-operation agreement with France. In 1980, he refused to receive a uranium shipment as it did not meet the agreed specifications, after which the French insisted on his presence in Paris to receive the shipment. Weeks later, a Parisian prostitute, alleged to have a connection to Mashad'sdeath, was killed by a Hit and run French authorities suspected the Israel References Bibliography * External links * . * . Category:1932 births Category:1980 deaths Category:Egyptian nuclear physicists Category:20th-century Egyptian engineers Category:Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria University alumni Category:People from Benha Category:Egyptian people murdered abroad Category:People murdered in Paris Category:Assassinated Egyptian people Category:People killed in Mossad operations Category:University of Technology, Iraq alumni Category:Egyptian electrical engineers Category:1980 murders in France Category:1980s murders in Paris Category:Assassinations in France Category:Targeted killing by Israel
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Mad1 is a non-essential protein which in yeast has a function in the Spindle checkpoint This checkpoint monitors chromosome attachment to spindle microtubules and prevents cells from starting anaphase until the spindle is built up. The name Mad refers to the observation that mutant cells are mitotic arrest deficient (MAD) during microtubule depolymerization. Mad1 recruits the anaphase inhibitor Mad2 to unattached kinetochores and is essential for Mad2-Cdc20 complex formation in vivo but not in vitro. In vivo, Mad1 acts as a competitive inhibitor of the Mad2-Cdc20 complex. Mad1 is phosphorylated by Mps1 which then leads together with other activities to the formation of the mitotic checkpoint complex (MCC). Thereby it inhibits the activity of the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C). Homologues of Mad1 are conserved in eukaryotes from yeast to mammals. Introduction In the early 90s, yeast genes were identified which mutations resulted in a defect in mitotic arrest in response to microtubule disassembly (mitotic arrest deficient genes - MAD genes). These cells showed no mitotic arrest in the presence of microtubule polymerization inhibitors and were therefore not able to delay cell division. Mad1 in this pathway accumulates at unattached kinetochores and acts as a sensor for unattached kinetochores in this machinery. Function Eukaryotic cells show a mitotic arrest in the presence of microtubule polymerization inhibitors. A spindle assembly checkpoint monitors the status of the spindle and links the metaphase-anaphase transition to proper bipolar attachment of all kinetochores to the mitotic spindle. The spindle assembly checkpoint inhibits the activity of the anaphase promoting complex by preventing degradation of downstream effectors, which otherwise lead to anaphase onset and exit from mitosis. Depletion of Mad1 leads to the loss of Spindle assembly checkpoint Regulation There are two upstream checkpoint kinases implicated in regulating Mad1 function through phosphorylation. Mps1 phosphorylates Mad1 both in vitro and in vivo and is thought to regulate Mad1 and Mad2 localization to kinetochores and their interaction
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checkpoint Regulation There are two upstream checkpoint kinases implicated in regulating Mad1 function through phosphorylation. Mps1 phosphorylates Mad1 both in vitro and in vivo and is thought to regulate Mad1 and Mad2 localization to kinetochores and their interaction dynamics. BUB1 is the other kinase that recruits Mad1 to kinetochores and activates it if a kinetochore is unattached. coiled-coil protein with a characteristic rod shape In this model, in contrast to the other model, SAC inactivation becomes a potential way to kill rapidly dividing cancer cells. The molecular links between Mad1p, the SAC, apoptosis and cancer are still not fully understood. See also * MAD2 * Hyperphosphorylation References Category:Cell cycle Category:Saccharomyces cerevisiae genes Category:Proteins
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The West African Power Pool (WAPP) is a cooperation of the national electricity companies in West Africa Location Since 2006, the headquarters of WAPP are located at Zone des Ambassades, PK 606 BP 2907, in Cotonou, the capital city of the Republic of Benin. The geographical coordinates of the headquarters of WAPP are 6°21'43.0"N, 2°29'25.0"E (Latitude:6.361944; Longitude:2.490278). Overview Member countries are Benin, Burkina Faso, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau History The West African Power Pool (WAPP) was created on 5 December 1999 at the 22nd summit of the ECOWAS Authority of Heads of State and Government. On 18 January 2006, the 29th summit of the ECOWAS Authority of Heads of State and Government held in Niamey, Niger, adopted the Articles of Agreement for WAPP organization and function. Since 2006, the headquarters of WAPP is based in Cotonou, Benin. See also * Southern African Power Pool * Eastern Africa Power Pool * North African Power Pool * Central African Power Pool References External links * West African Power Pool official website Category:Energy in Africa Category:Electricity markets Category:Organizations established in 1999
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The Bihari–LaSalle inequality was proved by the American mathematician Joseph P. LaSalle (1916–1983) in 1949 and by the Hungarian mathematician Imre Bihari (1915–1998) in 1956. It is the following nonlinear generalization of Grönwall'slemma. Let u and be non-negative continuous functions defined on the half-infinite ray (mathematics) : u(t) + _0^t f(s)\,w(u(s))\,ds, t[0,), where α is a non-negative constant (mathematics) : u(t) G^-1(G()+_0^t\,f(s) \, ds), t[0,T], where the function G is defined by : G(x) _x_0^x dyw(y), x 0,\,x_0>0, and G−1 is the inverse function of G and T is chosen so that : G()+_0^t\,f(s)\,ds Dom(G^-1), \, t [0,T]. References Category:Differential equations Category:Inequalities (mathematics)
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In approximation theory, a finite collection of points X R^n is often called unisolvent for a space W if any element w W is uniquely determined by its values on X. X is unisolvent for ^m_n (polynomials in nvariables of degree at most m) if there exists a unique polynomial in ^m_n of lowest possible degree which interpolates the data X. Simple examples in R would be the fact that two distinct points determine a line, three points determine a parabola, etc. It is clear that over R, any collection of k+1 distinct points will uniquely determine a polynomial of lowest possible degree in ^k. See also *Padua points External links *Numerical Methods / Interpolation Category:Approximation theory
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The National Glass Association is the largest trade association for the auto glass, architectural glass, and window and door markets. The NGA was founded in 1948, and currently has close to 3,000 member companies. This international association represents the interests of companies worldwide. The NGA's Mission: To provide information and education, as well as promote quality workmanship, ethics, and safety in the architectural, automotive and window and door glass industries. NGA acts as a wikt:clearing house The NGA publishes Glass Magazine and Window & Door and organizes GlassBuild America: The Glass, Window, and Door Expo. References Category:Trade associations based in the United States Category:Glass architecture Category:Glass industry
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Wikipedia:National Glass Association
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Warren T. Brookes (1929 – December 28, 1991) was a Journalism Biography Brookes graduated in 1952 from Harvard University with honors in economics and was thereafter employed by the Kimberly-Clark Corporation. In 1975, he joined the Boston Herald; a decade later he joined the editorial page staff of the Detroit News. His column, written from Washington, D.C., appeared in sixty newspaper on Mondays and Thursdays. He frequently challenged Modern liberalism in the United States The Competitive Enterprise Institute, shortly before his passing, established the Competitive Enterprise Institute#Warren T. Brookes Journalism Fellowship Brookes was posthumously awarded the 1992 Gerald Loeb Award for Commentary. Books * The Economy in Mind, Universe Pub, 1984 References External links * Category:1929 births Category:1991 deaths Category:American columnists Category:Harvard College alumni Category:People from Lovettsville, Virginia Category:Competitive Enterprise Institute Category:Gerald Loeb Award winners for Columns, Commentary, and Editorials Category:20th-century American journalists Category:American male journalists
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Wikipedia:Warren T. Brookes
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John Tasker Henderson (9 December 1905 – 2 January 1983) was a Canadian Physicist whose career was with the National Research Council (Canada) In 1939, he became involved with the secret radar development and is particularly recognized for his leadership role in this technology during World War II, laying the foundations for radar research and manufacture in Canada. Henderson returned to the NRC after RCAF and diplomatic service from 1942 to 1947 and became head of its electricity section, which built several cesium atomic clocks. Early life Henderson was born in Montreal, Quebec. He received the B.S. and M.S. degrees in engineering physics from McGill University, and then went to England, where he studied under Professor Edward Victor Appleton. He received the PhD degree in physics from King's College London in 1932, and followed this with post-doctoral studies at the University of Paris Second World War In early 1939, Henderson was selected to represent Canada in a series of highly classified briefings in Great Britain concerning developments in the Air Ministry on Range and Direction Finding (RDF – later called radar). This was largely coordinated by Robert Watson-Watt at RAF Bawdsey, with the purpose of preparing the Commonwealth of Nations to have indigenous developments in this technology. Upon Henderson'sreturn from the briefings in England, arrangements were made between the Canadian and American governments for him to visit a number of facilities in the U.S. Following this, he prepared a detailed report that included proposed plans for bringing the NRC into the RDF activities. Within a short time, he was authorized to set up a development laboratory for this in the NRC Radio Section. Its first project was the development of ssurface-warning radar system for the Royal Canadian Navy. Using commercial components and with essentially no further assistance from Great Britain, a system was developed to protect the entrance to the Halifax Harbour, called Night Watchman, tested in
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the development of ssurface-warning radar system for the Royal Canadian Navy. Using commercial components and with essentially no further assistance from Great Britain, a system was developed to protect the entrance to the Halifax Harbour, called Night Watchman, tested in June 1940. This was followed by a ship-borne system designated Surface Warning 1st Canadian (SW1C) completed in May 1941. In the summer of 1940, Great Britain was at the limit of production capability and desperately needed allies for her war effort. Arrangements were made for an exchange of classified information with the United States. For this, Sir. Henry Tizard assembled a delegation for what came to be known as the Tizard Mission. On the way to Washington, D.C., Tizard and others went by Ottawa and briefed NRC officials and also visited the Radio Section. Highly impressed, Tizard asked that Henderson join the delegation to represent Canada at the exchanges. The new cavity magnetron developed in Great Britain was a key item; at the Washington meeting, Henderson was asked to take the lead in both manufacturing this unit in Canada as well as developing microwave radars using the magnetron. By the end of 1940, Henderson'sorganization was elevated to Branch level and many engineers and scientists were added. For testing the systems, a secure Radio Field Station was set up near Ottawa. To manufacture the hardware, a Crown company, Research Enterprises Limited (REL), was established, with a large facility near Toronto, Ontario. The NRC's Radio Branch remained at the center of radar development in Canada throughout World War II. Many radar systems were designed at this facility during the war years – a total of 30 of all types. After laying the foundation for research and manufacturing of radar in Canada, in 1942 Henderson became a senior officer in the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF). For the next three years, he was in RCAF Radar and Signals units with assignments in Canada, Newfoundland, England,
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research and manufacturing of radar in Canada, in 1942 Henderson became a senior officer in the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF). For the next three years, he was in RCAF Radar and Signals units with assignments in Canada, Newfoundland, England, and Germany. After the war, he was a scientific advisor to the Canadian delegation of the United Nation's Commission on Atomic Energy. Post-war Near the end of 1947, Henderson returned to the NRC to head the Canadian part of SHORAN, an interdepartmental project to apply radar techniques to aerial surveying. In 1949, he was placed in charge of the Electricity Section in the Applied Physics Division; here, he set up new absolute electrical standards for Canada in conformity with international agreements. Among other activities, he led the development of several caesium-133 atomic clocks that were accepted in 1967 as the international timekeeping standard. He eventually became the Principal Research Officer of the NRC, a position he held until his retirement in 1970. Recognition In 1943, Henderson was awarded the Member of the Order of the British Empire, Dominion of Canada, for his pioneer work in the radar field. He was made a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada, a Fellow of the Institute of Radio Engineers (IRE), and in 1963 was elected as President of the newly merged Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). In 1969, he was the first recipient of the McNaughton Medal, an annual award given by the IEEE Canada in recognition of contributions to the engineering profession. Notes and references General references *Avery, Donald H.; The Science of War: Canadian Scientists and Allied Military Technology, Univ. Toronto Press, 1999; *Middleton, W. E. Knowles; Radar Development in Canada: The Radio Branch of the National Research Council of Canada 1939-1946, Wilfrid Laurier Univ. Press, 1981; *Watson, Raymond C., Jr.; Radar Origins Worldwide: History of Its Evolution in 13 Nations Through World War II, Traford
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Knowles; Radar Development in Canada: The Radio Branch of the National Research Council of Canada 1939-1946, Wilfrid Laurier Univ. Press, 1981; *Watson, Raymond C., Jr.; Radar Origins Worldwide: History of Its Evolution in 13 Nations Through World War II, Traford Publishing, 2009; Category:1905 births Category:1983 deaths Category:McGill University Faculty of Engineering alumni Category:Alumni of King's College London Category:Technical University of Munich alumni Category:Radar pioneers Category:Scientists from Montreal Category:Canadian physicists Category:Fellows of the Royal Society of Canada
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uthenium(II) (RuCp(i-PrCp)), has been identified. (RuCp(i-PrCp) has achieved growth rates of 7.5nm/min to 20nm/min as well as low resistivities. However, it does not nucleate on oxides, ruling
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oxygen, the growth rates are very low or not reported. One high-growth precursor, cyclopentadienyl-propylcyclopentadienylruthenium(II) (RuCp(i-PrCp)), has been identified. (RuCp(i-PrCp) has achieved growth rates of 7.5nm/min to 20nm/min as well as low resistivities. However, it does not nucleate on oxides, ruling out its use in all applications but copper interconnect layers. A new Zerovalent References Category:Ruthenium Category:Chemical vapor deposition
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Moore Reserve is a 14.2 hectare park surrounded by the Sydney suburbs of Oatley, New South Wales Originally part of the north west arm, Moore Reserve was created in the 1960s by infilling with mud dredged from Oatley Bay. At the time the existing natural waterway, Renown Creek, was destroyed and ultimately replaced by concrete pipes. An artificial wetland was constructed in 2001 which uses natural processes to treat 95% of all stormwater runoff from the 125 hectare Drainage basin Features Moore Reserve has the following features: *A large parking area *Large open fields accommodating a variety of sporting activities *An outdoor fitness play set *A long path Circumnavigation *Swing sets, climbing equipment and other children'splay sets *Picnic tables and BBQ facilities *Lovely views of Oatley Bay, especially from the designated viewing platform *Waterfront access to Oatley Bay, including a boat ramp, Pier Gallery File:HurstvilleGrove2.jpg File:HurstvilleGrove1.jpg See also * Oatley Point Reserve * Oatley Pleasure Grounds * Parks in Sydney * Renown Park, New South Wales References *Moore Reserve Constructed Wetland, Kogarah NSW *Moore Reserve wetlands, kogarah.nsw.gov.au *Google Maps: Moore Reserve Category:Parks in Sydney Category:Constructed wetlands
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Joseph J. Jacobs (1916–2004) was an American chemical engineer who founded Jacobs Engineering Group, a large engineering and construction company He earned degrees in chemical engineering from the New York University Tandon School of Engineering. Jacobs was also a recipient of the Hoover Medal. Early life Jacobs was born in Brooklyn, New York, in 1916. His father was a Lebanese people As a young engineer, he worked for Merck & Co. to develop mass production of both Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane Jacobs Engineering After World War II, he moved to California, intending to go into business himself. In 1947, he opened a one-man consulting engineering business in Pasadena, California, where he and his wife made their home. Through both internal growth and external acquisitions, this grew into Jacobs Engineering Group, one of the largest engineering and construction companies in the world. Later years Jacobs stepped down as chief executive of Jacobs Engineering Group in 1992, but remained as chairman of the board. He then founded two venture capital firms and devoted time to charity work. He had previously created the Jacobs Family Foundation, which donated about $32million to non-profit organizations. In 1998, he set up the Jacobs Center for Neighbourhood Innovation in San Diego Publications Jacobs also authored two books. The first, The Anatomy of an Entrepreneur: Family, Culture and Ethics, was an autobiography published in 1991. The second, Compassionate Conservative: Assuming Responsibility and Respecting Human Dignity, was published in 1995 and outlined his political philosophy. Honors *Chairman of the Board of Trustees of Polytechnic University (Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn) *Trustee of Harvey Mudd College (Claremont, California) *In 1983, he received the Hoover Medal, which recognizes the civic and humanitarian achievements of professional engineers. *In 1994, he was elected to membership in the National Academy of Engineering. His election citation states, "For the application of chemical engineering construction principles and for service to the profession." *In 2002, he received the Carroll H. Dunn
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engineers. *In 1994, he was elected to membership in the National Academy of Engineering. His election citation states, "For the application of chemical engineering construction principles and for service to the profession." *In 2002, he received the Carroll H. Dunn Award of Excellence from the Construction Industry Institute. *In 2003, he was inducted into the Brooklyn Tech Alumni Foundation Hall of Fame References External links *Jacobs Family Foundation Category:1916 births Category:2004 deaths Category:Engineers from Brooklyn Category:American chemical engineers Category:People from Pasadena, California Category:Polytechnic Institute of New York University alumni Category:Members of the United States National Academy of Engineering Category:American people of Lebanese descent Category:Brooklyn Technical High School alumni Category:Engineers from California Category:20th-century American engineers Category:Scientists from New York City
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In computer science and operations research, randomized rounding is a widely used approach for designing and analyzing approximation algorithms. Many combinatorial optimization problems are computationally intractability (complexity) The basic idea of randomized rounding is to convert an optimal solution of a linear programming relaxation Overview The basic approach has three steps: # Formulate the problem to be solved as an integer linear program (ILP). # Compute an optimal fractional solution x to the linear programming relaxation (LP) of the ILP. # Round the fractional solution x of the LP to an integer solution x' of the ILP. (Although the approach is most commonly applied with linear programs, other kinds of relaxations are sometimes used. For example, see Goemans' and Williamson'ssemidefinite programming-based Semidefinite programming#Example 3 (Goemans–Williamson max cut approximation algorithm) In the first step, the challenge is to choose a suitable integer linear program. Familiarity with linear programming, in particular modelling using linear programs and integer linear programs, is required. For many problems, there is a natural integer linear program that works well, such as in the Set Cover example below. (The integer linear program should have a small Linear programming relaxation#Approximation and integrality gap indeed randomized rounding is often used to prove bounds on integrality gaps.) In the second step, the optimal fractional solution can typically be computed in Polynomial time#Polynomial time using any standard linear programming algorithm. In the third step, the fractional solution must be converted into an integer solution (and thus a solution to the original problem). This is called rounding the fractional solution. The resulting integer solution should (provably) have cost not much larger than the cost of the fractional solution. This will ensure that the cost of the integer solution is not much larger than the cost of the optimal integer solution. The main technique used to do the third step (rounding) is to use randomization, and then to use probabilistic arguments to bound the
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cost of the integer solution is not much larger than the cost of the optimal integer solution. The main technique used to do the third step (rounding) is to use randomization, and then to use probabilistic arguments to bound the increase in cost due to the rounding (following the probabilistic method from combinatorics). Therein, probabilistic arguments are used to show the existence of discrete structures with desired properties. In this context, one uses such arguments to show the following: : ''Given any fractional solution x of the LP, with positive probability the randomized rounding process produces an integer solution x' that approximates x'' according to some desired criterion. Finally, to make the third step computationally efficient, one either shows that x' approximates xwith high probability (so that the step can remain randomized) or one Derandomization typically using the method of conditional probabilities. The latter method converts the randomized rounding process into an efficient deterministic process that is guaranteed to reach a good outcome. Example: the set cover problem The following example illustrates how randomized rounding can be used to design an approximation algorithm for the set cover problem. Fix any instance c, S of set cover over a universe U. Computing the fractional solution For step 1, let IP be the Set cover#LP For step 2, let LP be the linear programming relaxation of IP, and compute an optimal solution x^* to LP using any standard linear programming algorithm. This takes time polynomial in the input size. The feasible solutions to LP are the vectors xthat assign each set s S a non-negative weight x_s, such that, for each element e U, x' covers e the total weight assigned to the sets containing e is at least 1, that is, :: _s e x_s 1. The optimal solution x^* is a feasible solution whose cost :: _s S c(S)x^*_s is as small as possible. Note that any set cover
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to the sets containing e is at least 1, that is, :: _s e x_s 1. The optimal solution x^* is a feasible solution whose cost :: _s S c(S)x^*_s is as small as possible. Note that any set cover C for S gives a feasible solution x (where x_s 1 for s C, x_s 0 otherwise). The cost of this C equals the cost of x, that is, :: _s C c(s) _s S c(s) x_s. In other words, the linear program LP is a linear programming relaxation Since x^* has minimum cost among feasible solutions to the LP, the cost of x^* is a lower bound on the cost of the optimal set cover. Randomized rounding step In step 3, we must convert the minimum-cost fractional set cover x^* into a feasible integer solution x' (corresponding to a true set cover). The rounding step should produce an x' that, with positive probability, has cost within a small factor of the cost of x^*.Then (since the cost of x^* is a lower bound on the cost of the optimal set cover), the cost of x' will be within a small factor of the optimal cost. As a starting point, consider the most natural rounding scheme: :: ''For each set s S in turn, take x'_s 1 with probability (1,x^*_s), otherwise take x'_s 0.'' With this rounding scheme, the expected cost of the chosen sets is at most _s c(s) x^*_s, the cost of the fractional cover. This is good. Unfortunately the coverage is not good. When the variables x^*_s are small, the probability that an element e is not covered is about : _s e 1-x^*_s _s e (-x^*_s) (-_s ex^*_s) (-1). So only a constant fraction of the elements will be covered in expectation. To make x' cover every element with high probability, the standard rounding scheme first scales up the rounding probabilities by an appropriate
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(-x^*_s) (-_s ex^*_s) (-1). So only a constant fraction of the elements will be covered in expectation. To make x' cover every element with high probability, the standard rounding scheme first scales up the rounding probabilities by an appropriate factor > 1 . Here is the standard rounding scheme: :: Fix a parameter 1. For each set s S in turn, :: ''take x'_s 1 with probability ( x^*_s, 1), otherwise take x'_s 0. Scaling the probabilities up by increases the expected cost by , but makes coverage of all elements likely. The idea is to choose as small as possible so that all elements are provably covered with non-zero probability. Here is a detailed analysis. Lemma (approximation guarantee for rounding scheme) :: Fix (2 (Note: with care the O( Proof The output x' of the random rounding scheme has the desired properties as long as none of the following "bad" events occur: # the cost c x' of x' exceeds 2 c x^*, or # for some element e, x' fails to cover e. The expectation of each x'_s is at most x_s^*. By Expected value#Linearity is at most _s c(s) x_s^* c x^*. Thus, by Markov'sinequality, the probability of the first bad event above is at most 1/2. For the remaining bad events (one for each element e), note that, since _s e x^*_s 1 for any given element e, the probability that e is not covered is : align _s e (1-( x^*_s,1) ) & (This uses the inequality 1+z e^z, which is strict for z 0.) Thus, for each of the the probability that the element is not covered is less than 1/(2 U). By the Boole'sinequality is less than 1/2 + Thus, with positive probability there are no bad events and x' is a set cover of cost at most 2 c x^*. QED Derandomization using the
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is less than 1/(2 U). By the Boole'sinequality is less than 1/2 + Thus, with positive probability there are no bad events and x' is a set cover of cost at most 2 c x^*. QED Derandomization using the method of conditional probabilities The lemma above shows the existence of a set cover of cost O(( In this context our goal is an efficient approximation algorithm, not just an existence proof, so we are not done. One approach would be to increase a little bit, then show that the probability of success is at least, say, 1/4. With this modification, repeating the random rounding step a few times is enough to ensure a successful outcome with high probability. That approach weakens the approximation ratio. We next describe a different approach that yields a deterministic algorithm that is guaranteed to match the approximation ratio of the existence proof above. The approach is called the method of conditional probabilities. The deterministic algorithm emulates the randomized rounding scheme: it considers each set s S in turn, and chooses x'_s \0,1\. But instead of making each choice randomly based on x^*, it makes the choice deterministically, so as to keep the conditional probability of failure, given the choices so far, below 1. Bounding the conditional probability of failure We want to be able to set each variable x'_s in turn so as to keep the conditional probability of failure below 1. To do this, we need a good bound on the conditional probability of failure. The bound will come by refining the original existence proof. That proof implicitly bounds the probability of failure by the expectation of the random variable : F c x'2 c x^* + where : U^(m) \ e : _ s e (1-x'_s) 1\ is the set of elements left uncovered at the end. The random variable F may appear a bit mysterious, but it mirrors the
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c x'2 c x^* + where : U^(m) \ e : _ s e (1-x'_s) 1\ is the set of elements left uncovered at the end. The random variable F may appear a bit mysterious, but it mirrors the probabilistic proof in a systematic way. The first term in F comes from applying Markov'sinequality to bound the probability of the first bad event (the cost is too high). It contributes at least 1 to F if the cost of x' is too high. The second term counts the number of bad events of the second kind (uncovered elements). It contributes at least 1 to F if x' leaves any element uncovered. Thus, in any outcome where F is less than 1, x' must cover all the elements and have cost meeting the desired bound from the lemma. In short, if the rounding step fails, then F 1. This implies (by Markov'sinequality) that E[F] is an upper bound on the probability of failure. Note that the argument above is implicit already in the proof of the lemma, which also shows by calculation that E[F] . To apply the method of conditional probabilities, we need to extend the argument to bound the conditional probability of failure as the rounding step proceeds. Usually, this can be done in a systematic way, although it can be technically tedious. So, what about the conditional probability of failure as the rounding step iterates through the sets? Since F 1 in any outcome where the rounding step fails, by Markov'sinequality, the conditional probability of failure is at most the conditional expectation of F. Next we calculate the conditional expectation of F, much as we calculated the unconditioned expectation of F in the original proof. Consider the state of the rounding process at the end of some iteration t. Let S^(t) denote the sets considered so far (the first tsets in S). Let x^(t) denote the (partially assigned) vector
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^(t-1) ~ ~ [x'_s' 0] E^(t)_0 + [x'_s' 1] E^(t)_1. Since a weighted average of two quantities is always at least the minimum of those two quantities, it follows that :: E^(t-1) ~~ ( E^(t)_0, E^(t)_1 ). Thus, setting x'_s' so
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s that the conditional expectation stays below 1. Since the conditional probability of failure is at most the conditional expectation of F, in this way the algorithm ensures that the conditional probability of failure stays below 1. Thus, at the end, when all choices
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expectation stays below 1. Since the conditional probability of failure is at most the conditional expectation of F, in this way the algorithm ensures that the conditional probability of failure stays below 1. Thus, at the end, when all choices are determined, the algorithm reaches a successful outcome. That is, the algorithm above returns a set cover x' of cost at most 2(2 the minimum cost of any (fractional) set cover. Remarks In the example above, the algorithm was guided by the conditional expectation of a random variable F. In some cases, instead of an exact conditional expectation, an upper bound (or sometimes a lower bound) on some conditional expectation is used instead. This is called a pessimistic estimator. Comparison to other applications of the probabilistic method The randomized rounding step differs from most applications of the probabilistic method in two respects: # The Analysis of algorithms # The probability distribution underlying the random experiment is a function of the solution x of a linear programming relaxation See also * Method of conditional probabilities * Randomized rounding without solving the linear program. References * . Further reading * * * Category:Algorithms Category:Probabilistic arguments
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Linda Gay Griffith (born August 30, 1960 Atlanta, Georgia) is an American biological engineer, and Professor of Biological Engineering and Mechanical Engineering at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where she also directs the Center for Gynepathology Research. She is a 2006 recipient of a MacArthur Fellowship, commonly referred to as the "MacArthur genius award." In 2011, Griffith was elected a member of the National Academy of Engineering for contributions to 3D functional Biomaterial Life She was raised in Decatur, Georgia In 1994, together with colleagues Roger Kamm and Alan Grodzinsky, she led development of MIT'sfirst interdepartmental minor degree, in biomedical engineering, which was launched in 1995 and soon became MIT'smost popular minor degree. The interdepartmental bioengineering curriculum committee she chaired grew into the Undergraduate Programs Committee for the Department of Biological Engineering, and as chair of this committee she led development of the undergraduate major in Biological Engineering, launched in 2005 as MIT'sfirst new undergraduate major in 39 years. She stepped down as chair of this committee in 2009 to spend a fellowship year at the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study, Lakshmi'sexperience underscored that of Griffith's own 16-year-old niece, who was diagnosed with endometriosis after suffering years of debilitating pain, which had been attributed to "stress" instead of to a treatable disease. The average delay between onset of symptoms and diagnosis of endometriosis is about ten years; Griffith'sniece was diagnosed with less delay only because a family member with the disease insisted she see a gynecological surgeon who specializes in treating endometriosis. The CGR now has over 10 participating faculty at MIT and collaborates with surgeons and scientists in Brazil, Singapore, and across the US. Griffith was honored at the EFA'sannual Blossom Ball in NYC in 2010 for her efforts to raise awareness about endometriosis among scientists and engineers. Selected awards *1977 Georgia Governor's Honors Program (English) *1991 National Science Foundation Presidential Young Investigator Award *1998 Fellow, American Institute for Medical and
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Ball in NYC in 2010 for her efforts to raise awareness about endometriosis among scientists and engineers. Selected awards *1977 Georgia Governor's Honors Program (English) *1991 National Science Foundation Presidential Young Investigator Award *1998 Fellow, American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering *1999 MIT Class of 1960 Innovation in Education Award *2002 Popular Science Brilliant 10 *2006 MacArthur Fellows Program *2010 1st Ruth Kirschstein Memorial Lecture, NIH Office of Research on Women's Health *2010 Fellow, Biomedical Engineering Society *2011 Member, National Academy of Engineering *2021 Member, National Academy of Medicine *2024 Included in Time list of influential people in health. References External links *Biovideo: Faculty Interview - Prof. Linda Griffith *"Body Building", PBS Category:1960 births Category:21st-century American engineers Category:MacArthur Fellows Category:Georgia Tech alumni Category:UC Berkeley College of Chemistry alumni Category:MIT School of Engineering faculty Category:Living people Category:Fellows of the Biomedical Engineering Society Category:Fellows of the American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering Category:Members of the United States National Academy of Engineering Category:Members of the National Academy of Medicine
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Active-state power management (ASPM) is a power management mechanism for PCI Express devices to garner power savings while otherwise in a fully active state. Predominantly, this is achieved through active-state link power management; i.e., the PCI Express serial link is powered down when there is no traffic across it. It is normally used on laptops and other mobile Internet devices to extend battery life. As Serial communication While ASPM brings a reduction in power consumption, it can also result in increased Latency (engineering) Currently, two low power modes are specified by the PCI Express 2.0 specification; L0s and L1 mode. L0s concerns setting low power mode for one direction of the serial link only, usually downstream of the PHY controller. L1 shuts off PCI Express link completely, including the reference clock signal, until a dedicated signal (CLKREQ#) is asserted, and results in greater power reductions though with the penalty of greater exit latency. See also * Energy Star * Green computing * System Management Mode * Aggressive Link Power Management (ALPM) External links * * Category:Computer hardware tuning Category:Serial buses Category:BIOS Category:Unified Extensible Firmware Interface Category:Peripheral Component Interconnect
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Paul Weber > Paul Weber (February 27, 1904 June 1983) was the interim president of the Georgia Institute of Technology from previous president Blake Ragsdale Van Leer'sdeath until a replacement was found in Edwin D. Harrison, a period of approximately 18 months. Career Weber initially joined Georgia Tech as a chemical engineering instructor in 1927, and over time became the head of the department. He was also involved in research through the Georgia Tech Research Institute, then known as the Engineering Experiment Station; his research from 1940 to 1952 focused on paint primers for Southern yellow pine. In 1955 he was Dean of Faculties; and after an intensive reorganization of the institute administration, he was named vice president for planning in 1965. After Georgia Tech president Blake Van Leer died in office, Weber was acting president from January 1956 to August 1957, while still holding the title of Dean of Faculties. After the selection of a replacement in 1957, he remained a Georgia Tech administrator and would be named vice president for Planning in 1966. After his retirement in 1969, Dr. Weber was named Professor Emeritus of Chemical Engineering and Emeritus Vice President for Planning. See also *History of Georgia Tech References Category:1904 births Category:1983 deaths Category:American chemical engineers Category:Presidents of Georgia Tech Category:Georgia Tech Research Institute people Category:Purdue University alumni Category:20th-century American engineers Category:20th-century American academics Category:20th-century American chemists
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Recoating is the process of restoring the primary coating to stripped optical fiber sections after fusion splicing. In the recoating process, the spliced fiber is restored to its original shape and strength, using a recoater. The stripped fiber section is recoated by filling a recoating resin, usually acrylate into transparent moulds. The resin is then cured with Ultraviolet Recoated splices can usually be coiled into a tight radius because the recoated fiber section is just as flexible as the original polymer optical coating The first commercial optical fiber recoaters were developed by the Sweden See also *Stripping (fiber) *Optical communication *Cleave (fiber) *Fiber-optic communication References Category:Fiber optics
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An identity provider (abbreviated IdP or IDP) is a system entity that creates, maintains, and manages identity information for security principal Identity providers offer user authentication as a service. Relying party applications, such as web applications, outsource the user authentication step to a trusted identity provider. Such a relying party application is said to be federated, that is, it consumes federated identity. An identity provider is “a trusted provider that lets you use single sign-on (SSO) to access other websites.” SSO enhances usability by reducing password fatigue. It also provides better security by decreasing the potential attack surface. Identity providers can facilitate connections between cloud computing resources and users, thus decreasing the need for users to re-authenticate when using mobile and roaming applications. Types of identity providers OpenID provider OpenID Connect (OIDC) is an identity layer on top of OAuth. In the domain model associated with OIDC, an identity provider is a special type of OAuth2.0 authorization server. Specifically, a system entity called an OpenID Provider issues JSON-formatted identity JSON_Web_Token SAML identity provider The Security Assertion Markup Language (SAML) is a set of profiles for exchanging authentication and authorization data across security domains. In the SAML domain model, an identity provider is a special type of authentication authority. Specifically, a identity provider (SAML) See also * Federated identity * Identity management system * identity provider (SAML) References Category:Computer access control Category:Federated identity Category:Identity management Category:Identity management systems
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Strip Stripping is the act of removing the protective polymer coating around optical fiber in preparation for fusion splicing. The splicing process begins by preparing both fiber ends for fusion, which requires that all protective coating is removed or stripped from the ends of each fiber. Fiber optical stripping can be done using a special stripping and preparation unit that uses hot sulfuric acid or a controlled flow of hot air to remove the coating. There are also mechanical tools used for stripping fiber which are similar to copper wire strippers. Fiber optical stripping and preparation equipment used in fusion splicing is commercially available through a small number of specialized companies, which usually also design machines used for recoating See also *Optical communication *Cleave (fiber) *Fiber-optic communication References Category:Fiber optics
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Discovery Net is one of the earliest examples of a scientific workflow system allowing users to coordinate the execution of remote services based on Web service and Grid Services (OGSA and Open Grid Services Architecture) standards. The system was designed and implemented at Imperial College London as part of the Discovery Net pilot project funded by the UK e-Science Programme (). Many of the concepts pioneered by Discovery Net have been later incorporated into a variety of other scientific workflow systems. History The Discovery Net system was developed as part of the Discovery Net pilot project (2001–2005), a £2m research project funded by the EPSRC under the UK e-Science Programme (). The research on the project was conducted at Imperial College London as a collaboration between the Departments of Computing, Physics, Biochemistry and Earth Science & Engineering. Being a single institution project, the project was unique compared to the other 10 pilot projects funded by the EPSRC which were all multi-institutional. The aims of the Discovery Net project were to investigate and address the key issues in developing of an e-Science platform for scientific discovery from the data generated by a wide variety of high throughput devices. It originally considered requirements from applications in life science, geo-hazard monitoring, environmental modelling and renewable energy. The project successfully delivered on all its objectives including the development of the Discovery Net workflow platform and workflow system. Over the years the system evolved to address applications in many other areas including bioinformatics, cheminformatics, health informatics, text mining and financial and business applications. Scientific workflow system The Discovery Net system developed within the project is one of the earliest examples of scientific workflow systems. It is an e-Science platform based on a workflow model supporting the integration of distributed data sources and analytical tools thus enabling the end-users to derive new knowledge from devices, sensors, databases, analysis components and computational resources that reside
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systems. It is an e-Science platform based on a workflow model supporting the integration of distributed data sources and analytical tools thus enabling the end-users to derive new knowledge from devices, sensors, databases, analysis components and computational resources that reside across the Internet or grid. Architecture and workflow server The system is based on a multi-tier architecture, with a workflow server providing a number of supporting functions needed for workflow authoring and execution, such as integration and access to remote computational and data resources, collaboration tools, visualisers and publishing mechanisms. The architecture itself evolved over the years focusing on the internals of the workflow server (Ghanem et al. 2009) to support extensibility over multiple application domains as well as different execution environments. Visual workflow authoring Discovery Net workflows are represented and stored using DPML (Discovery Process Markup Language), an XML-based representation language for workflow graphs supporting both a data flow model of computation (for analytical workflows) and a control flow model (for orchestrating multiple disjoint workflows). As with most modern workflow systems, the system supported a drag-and-drop visual interface enabling users to easily construct their applications by connecting nodes together. Within DPML, each node in a workflow graph represents an executable component (e.g. a computational tool or a wrapper that can extract data from a particular data source). Each component has a number of parameters that can be set by the user and also a number of input and output ports for receiving and transmitting data. Each directed edge in the graph represents a connection from an output port, namely the tail of the edge, to an input port, namely the head of the edge. A port is connected if there is one or more connections from/to that port. In addition, each node in the graph provides metadata describing the input and output ports of the component, including the type of data that can be passed to the
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connected if there is one or more connections from/to that port. In addition, each node in the graph provides metadata describing the input and output ports of the component, including the type of data that can be passed to the component and parameters of the service that a user might want to change. Such information is used for the verification of workflows and to ensure meaningful chaining of components. A connection between an input and an output port is valid only if the types are compatible, which is strictly enforced. Separation between data and control flows A key contribution of the system is its clean separation between the data flow and control flow models of computations within a scientific workflows. This is achieved through the concept of embedding enabling complete data flow fragments to be embedded with a block-structured fragments of control flow constructs. This results both in simpler workflow graphs compared to other scientific workflow systems, e.g. Taverna workbench and the Kepler scientific workflow system and also provides the opportunity to apply formal methods for the analysis of their properties. Data management and multiple data models A key feature of the design of the system has been its support for data management within the workflow engine itself. This is an important feature since scientific experiments typically generate and use large amounts of heterogeneous and distributed data sets. The system was thus designed to support persistence and caching of intermediate data products and also to support scalable workflow execution over potentially large data sets using remote compute resources. A second important aspect of the Discovery Net system is based on a typed workflow language and its extensibility to support arbitrary data types defined by the user. Data typing simplifies workflow scientific workflow development, enhances optimization of workflows and enhances error checking for workflow validation . The system included a number of default data types for the purpose of
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support arbitrary data types defined by the user. Data typing simplifies workflow scientific workflow development, enhances optimization of workflows and enhances error checking for workflow validation . The system included a number of default data types for the purpose of supporting data mining in a variety if scientific applications. These included a relational model for tabular data, a bioinformatics data model (FASTA) for representing gene sequences and a stand-off markup model for text mining based on the Tipster architecture. Each model has an associated set of data import and export components, as well as specific visualizers, which integrate with the generic import, export and visualization tools already present in the system. As an example, chemical compounds represented in the widely used SMILES (Simplified molecular input line entry specification) format can be imported inside data tables, where they can be rendered adequately using either a three-dimensional representation or its structural formula. The relational model also serves as the base data model for data integration, and is used for the majority of generic data cleaning and transformation tasks. Applications The system won the "Most Innovative Data Intensive Application Award" at the ACM SC02 (Supercomputing 2002) conference and exhibition, based on a demonstration of a fully interactive distributed genome annotation pipeline for a Malaria genome case study. Many of the features of the system (architecture features, visual front-end, simplified access to remote Web and Grid Services and inclusion of a workflow store) were considered novel at the time, and have since found their way into other academic and commercial systems, and especially features found in bioinformatics workflow management systems. Beyond the original Discovery Net project, the system has been used in a large number of scientific applications, for example the BAIR: Biological Atlas of Insulin Resistance project funded by the Wellcome Trust and also in a large number of projects funded by both the EPSRC and BBSRC in the UK. The Discovery Net
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ructure. 4th UK e-Science All Hands Meeting 2005. September, 2005 # Neil Davis, Henk Harkema, Rob Gaizauskas, Yikun Guo, Moustafa Ghanem, Tom Barnwell, Yike Guo, Jonathan Ratcliffe. Three Approaches to GO-Tagging Biomedical Abstracts. CEUR Workshop Proceedings. April, 2006.
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projects.aspx" * SIMDAT "http://www.simdat.org/". * The BRIDGE Project "http://www.bridge-grid.eu/ " * The ARGUGRID Project "http://www.argugrid.eu/ " * BAIR project: "https://web.archive.org/web/20100430111119/http://www.bair.org.uk/" * InforSense Ltd. "https://web.archive.org/web/20100328015758/http://www.inforsense.com/" Category:Academic computer network organizations Category:E-Science Category:Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council Category:Grid computing projects Category:Information technology organisations based in the United Kingdom Category:Workflow technology
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Fusidic acid/betamethasone valerate is a combination drug with the active ingredients being fusidic acid (an antibiotic) and betamethasone valerate (a corticosteroid). It is a medical cream used for treatment of skin inflammation, eczema, or dermatitis that is also infected with bacteria sensitive to fusidic acid. References Category:Ointments Category:Antibiotics Category:Corticosteroids
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Wikipedia:Fusidic acid/betamethasone valerate
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William Wilson William Wilson (March 29, 1887 – May 8, 1948) was an England Wilson was awarded the IEEE Medal of Honor in 1943, "for his achievements in the development of modern electronics, including its application to radiotelephony and for his contributions to the welfare and work of the Institute". He was also an elected member of Sigma Xi, and a member of the ASA and American Physical Society. Wilson later taught physics at North Carolina State College; he died in Raleigh, North Carolina References *Biography at the IEEE Global History Network Category:1887 births Category:1948 deaths Category:Alumni of the University of Manchester Category:Academic staff of the University of Toronto Category:IEEE Medal of Honor recipients Category:North Carolina State University faculty Category:English physicists Category:20th-century American physicists Category:English emigrants to the United States Category:Scientists at Bell Labs
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The HTC Droid Incredible (ADR6300) (also known as the HTC Incredible) is a smartphone manufactured by HTC Corporation using the Android (operating system) Features The device was released running Android 2.1 (Android (operating system) It has improvements over standard 2.1 devices including an FM broadcasting It optionally supports tethering by Verizon Wireless with VZAccess Manager. Other ways of tethering may be possible. The device shares the AV output with micro USB output, providing the facility to see the video/YouTube/browser on a television or projector via an extra (not bundled) composite cable accessory. Display change During summer 2010, HTC switched the AMOLED displays made by Samsung to Sony Super TFT LCD. The change was done to keep up with the high demand for the device. HTC claims that there are "no discernible difference between the displays" and they even expect the change to go unnoticed. Update to Android 2.2 (Froyo) On July 19, 2010, it was leaked from HTC that the device would receive Android 2.2 (Froyo) via an OTA update in late July or early August 2010. Before Verizon Wireless had officially announced the update, its technicians, speaking "officially unofficially" on Twitter, confirmed it. On August 13, 2010, Mashable reported that the device would begin to receive Android 2.2 (Froyo) on August 18, 2010. However, statements from official Verizon Wireless sources indicated that this was a hoax. Verizon Wireless confirmed on August 27, 2010, that the device would begin receiving Android 2.2 through an OTA update beginning on that date. Starting August 26, 2010, all new devices were shipped with Android 2.2 (Froyo). The software update from Android 2.1 v1 (Éclair) to 2.2 also included an updated version of HTC's "Sense" User Interface, which included minor updates to the media player, and a flashlight app which enables the camera's LED flash to operate as a flashlight. Other benefits of the update included: Adobe Flash Player
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an updated version of HTC's "Sense" User Interface, which included minor updates to the media player, and a flashlight app which enables the camera's LED flash to operate as a flashlight. Other benefits of the update included: Adobe Flash Player 10, 720p video recording, 3G mobile hotspot (US$30/mo for 2GB), and the ability to rotate the screen 270 degrees. The update also installed several applications which cannot be removed, and which run without being invoked by the phone'suser: an Amazon MP3 applet, CityID, Skype Mobile, My Verizon Mobile, a stock-tracking applet and VZ Navigator. Update to Android 2.3 (Gingerbread) On August 20, 2011, AndroidPolice.com obtained the official update build as an RUU, which users wanting the latest software were able to download to their computer, put on the SD card as a required name, after which the bootloader would pick it up. Verizon Wireless did not deploy the update as an OTA update after it was pulled back the week of August 16. On September 7, 2011, Verizon Wireless began deploying the Android Gingerbread However, this update proved almost immediately to be problematic. Once the update was sent to some HTC phones, many Verizon Wireless customers experienced problems with receiving text messages on the device. HTC representatives said they were fixing the system update to correct the text-messaging issue. Many of the HTC updates caused errors within the Incredible, changing the layout and sometimes even the device set up. Many device owners were critical of Verizon Wireless and HTC for slowing down the roll-out process. Although the upgrade was released OTA on September 7 and HTC and Verizon Wireless promised phone owners would receive the update "in September", many device owners were still waiting for the update nearly four weeks later and after September had come and gone. On November 15, 2011, the revised update to the Android 2.3.x (Gingerbread) was available via an OTA update to customers. It was
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ements such as Wi-Fi tethering are now available. The phone has had functional ROMs of every version of CyanogenMod up to and including CM 11. Critical reception In April 2010, Engadget stated: "the DROID
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has been achieved, several enhancements such as Wi-Fi tethering are now available. The phone has had functional ROMs of every version of CyanogenMod up to and including CM 11. Critical reception In April 2010, Engadget stated: "the DROID Incredible is the best Android device that you can purchase in America right now." PC Magazine wrote "The DROID Incredible by HTC is an absolutely amazing device. The most powerful phone on the U.S. market today, it reflects and enhances the state of the art smartphone, with the full backing and support of the Verizon Wireless network." See also * Motorola Droid * Droid Pro * Droid X * HTC Incredible S * Droid 2, released August 12, 2010 * Droid X2, released May 19, 2011 * Droid 3, released July 7, 2011 References Category:Mobile phones introduced in 2010 Category:Android (operating system) devices Category:HTC mobile phones Category:Discontinued smartphones Category:Verizon Wireless
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Bret Wallach (born February 5, 1943) is an American cultural geographer and professor emeritus at the University of Oklahoma. He is known for his critical perspectives on modernization, conservation, and cultural geography. Wallach is a recipient of the prestigious MacArthur Fellows Program Early life and education Wallach was born in 1943. He completed his undergraduate and graduate studies at the University of California, Berkeley, earning an A.B. in 1964, an M.A. in 1966, and a Ph.D. in 1968, all in geography. His academic background was influenced by the Berkeley School of cultural geography, emphasizing regionalism and cultural landscapes. Academic career Wallach began his academic career teaching at the University of Victoria in Canada. He later held teaching positions at several American institutions, including Pennsylvania State University, the University of California, Riverside, and the University of Maine at Fort Kent. Research and contributions Wallach’swork is characterized by a strong critique of modernization and its cultural consequences. His 1996 book, Losing Asia: Modernization and the Culture of Development, explores how modernization efforts in various Asian countries have led to cultural displacement and environmental degradation. In At Odds with Progress: Americans and Conservation (1991), Wallach critiques American environmental and conservation movements, arguing that these efforts are often shaped by conflicting ideologies and lack cultural inclusivity. His most widely cited work, Understanding the Cultural Landscape (2004), is a foundational text in cultural geography that examines how human values, traditions, and behaviors shape and are shaped by the physical environment. The book has been praised for its interdisciplinary approach, blending anthropology, history, and geography. Awards and recognition * 1984 – MacArthur Fellows Program Selected works * Understanding the Cultural Landscape. New York: Guilford Press, 2004. * Losing Asia: Modernization and the Culture of Development. Baltimore and London: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1996. * At Odds with Progress: Americans and Conservation. Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 1991. Legacy Wallach’sscholarship has influenced generations of geographers and policymakers, especially
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Losing Asia: Modernization and the Culture of Development. Baltimore and London: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1996. * At Odds with Progress: Americans and Conservation. Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 1991. Legacy Wallach’sscholarship has influenced generations of geographers and policymakers, especially those examining the interface of culture, development, and environmental policy. His critical approach has sparked debates on the ethics of development and conservation, particularly in non-Western contexts. His writing is often included in graduate-level geography syllabi, and his analysis of cultural landscapes is cited in global development studies. References Category:1943 births Category:Living people Category:American geographers Category:University of Oklahoma faculty Category:University of California, Berkeley alumni Category:MacArthur Fellows External links *"Bret Wallach", Google Scholar Category:American geographers Category:Living people Category:University of Oklahoma faculty Category:University of California, Berkeley alumni Category:MacArthur Fellows Category:Cultural geographers Category:Academic staff of the University of Victoria Category:Pennsylvania State University faculty Category:University of California, Riverside faculty Category:University of Maine at Fort Kent faculty Category:1943 births
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7,500 * The Karata or Khkhiridi people are a small ethnic group from Dagestan, North Caucasus. The Karata mainly reside in the Akhvakhsky District History The Karatas and Avars (Caucasus) Culture The Karatas have historically engaged in raising livestock, farming, and Barter References Category:Ethnic groups in Dagestan Category:Muslim communities of Russia Category:Peoples of the Caucasus Category:Muslim communities of the Caucasus
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Royal Air Force Pengam Moors, or more simply RAF Pengam Moors, (or also known as RAF Cardiff), is a former Royal Air Force station and maintenance unit (MU), located on the Pengam Moors area of Tremorfa, situated south east of Cardiff city centre in Wales, from June 1938 to January 1946. Prior to RAF service the site served as a private aerodrome later called Cardiff Municipal Airport. After the World War II History Pre Second World War The site had been associated with flying since as early as 1905 when Ernest Willows built his first airship at Pengam. His third airship Willows No. 3 – City of Cardiff flew from Cardiff to London on 6 August 1910. The flight established Willows as the first person to fly across the Bristol Channel and was the longest flight achieved in Britain at the time. He immediately followed this with a flight from London to Paris establishing the first airship flight across the English Channel at night. The original privately operated airfield, on land in Splott purchased from Lord Tredegar, was opened for private club and leisure flying in September 1931, only later changing its name from Splott Aerodrome to Cardiff Municipal Airport when scheduled passenger flights began. The early accommodation was limited to wooden hutting and hangars. The aerodrome fronted on the Severn Estuary and to protect the single grassed runway from flooding, a sea wall was constructed. British Air Navigation Co Ltd initially operated its services using de Havilland Fox Moths and de Havilland Dragons. In April 1933 Great Western Railway Air Services began flights to Haldon Aerodrome In 1933, Western Airways launched the service to Weston-super-Mare, with 13 flights each way daily at a charge of 6 shillings and 6 pence (thirty two and a half pence – or £16.70 in today'sterms), only later extending to Bournemouth and France. Railway Air Services resumed peacetime flights in early 1946, now using its
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daily at a charge of 6 shillings and 6 pence (thirty two and a half pence – or £16.70 in today'sterms), only later extending to Bournemouth and France. Railway Air Services resumed peacetime flights in early 1946, now using its newly acquired fleet of Avro Ansons and ex-RAF Douglas DC-3s. In 1939, the UK's Air Transport Licensing Authority came into being and gave Western Airways the monopoly for all airline flights into and out of Cardiff. At various times a range of commercial service flights were introduced. In 1932 British Air Navigation Co Ltd offered twice daily return flights between Cardiff and Bristol (Whitchurch) Airport Wartime RAF use The site was surveyed by War Department engineers and in August 1936 a decision to build a Royal Auxiliary Air Force station at Pengam Moors was made. Additional land was requisitioned to extend the length of the existing runway and provide space for a technical site. The buildings works were completed in 1938, with the provision of several brick built offices, hangars and with most accommodation housed in temporary Nissen hut In June 1938 No. 614 Squadron RAF In January 1940 a flight of three crews from 815 Naval Air Squadron relocated to RAF Pengam Moors from RNAS Worthy Down flying Fairey Swordfish torpedo bombers on anti-submarine patrols in the Bristol Channel and English Channel. Their role was to locate German submarines and either sink them or prevent them from surfacing and attacking the large number of convoys arriving at Cardiff and Bristol with supplies from America and Canada. In February 1940, the RAF established No. 43 Maintenance Unit RAF (MU) at RAF Pengam Moors. The unit was tasked principally with dismantling, packing and despatching fighter aircraft to overseas locations. The Supermarine Spitfires, Hawker Hurricanes, Westland Lysanders and light bombers were flown into Pengam Moors from factories all over the UK. The staff at 43 MU dismantled the aircraft and crated them ready for
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despatching fighter aircraft to overseas locations. The Supermarine Spitfires, Hawker Hurricanes, Westland Lysanders and light bombers were flown into Pengam Moors from factories all over the UK. The staff at 43 MU dismantled the aircraft and crated them ready for loading onto freighters at Cardiff Docks, where they sailed to restock squadrons in Gibraltar, Malta and North Africa and other far flung theatres of war. The 43 MU facility remained in operation throughout the remainder of the war and was closed in October 1945. In November 1940, No. 8 Anti-Aircraft Co-operation Unit RAF (AACU) were based at the airfield with a variety of aircraft, but mainly Miles Martinet target tugs, to provide towed airborne targets for anti-aircraft gunnery training. The unit was amalgamated into No. 577 Squadron RAF in December 1943 and remained at Pengam Moors until the station closed in 1946. In 1941 two Bellman hangars were built on the site, together with additional hardstanding and a Sommerfield perimeter trackway. In 1942 the grassed strip was replaced with an 853m (2,800ft) concrete runway. Throughout the Second World War RAF Pengam Moors was used as an emergency landing field for Spitfires, Hurricanes and other aircraft from RAF Colerne, RAF Fairwood Common. RAF Filton and RAF Pembrey damaged in air battles over the Bristol Channel ports during nightly air raids by German raiders. The following units were also here at some point: * No. 3 Reserve Flying School RAF * No. 52 Maintenance Unit RAF * No. 62 Gliding School RAF * No. 286 Squadron RAF * No. 663 Squadron * No. 1952 Reserve Air Observation Post Flight RAF Post-war helicopter used on the 1950 service via Wrexham to Liverpool Speke Airport In January 1946 RAF Pengam Moors was closed as a military establishment. The facility was handed back to Cardiff City Council and civilian flying recommenced from the airfield with the principal operator being Cambrian Airways The airfield became redundant when all
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Wikipedia:RAF Pengam Moors
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January 1946 RAF Pengam Moors was closed as a military establishment. The facility was handed back to Cardiff City Council and civilian flying recommenced from the airfield with the principal operator being Cambrian Airways The airfield became redundant when all civilian flying was transferred on 1 April 1954 to the expanding facility at the new Cardiff Airport The Pengam Moors airfield site (now more commonly known as 'Pengam Green') has largely been turned over to residential and business uses including a Tesco Extra supermarket and Willows High School. Although there are almost no signs remaining of its former use, a few of the original buildings and road layouts still remain. Residential streets on the site bear names that hint at its history – including Runway Road, De Havilland Road, Handley Road and Avro Close. Cardiff Bus runs a dedicated 11 service that operates between the city centre and Pengam Green, terminating at the Tesco Extra supermarket. Due to its close proximity to the Rhymney River, Cardiff Council have started to produce plans to improve the river'sdefences to prevent the area from flooding. See also * List of former Royal Air Force stations References External links *History at The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales *Western Airways Brochure and Cardiff – Weston timetable Category:Royal Air Force stations in Wales Category:Royal Air Force stations of World War II in the United Kingdom Category:Military units and formations established in 1938 Category:Military units and formations disestablished in 1946 Category:Airports established in 1905 Category:History of Cardiff Category:1905 establishments in Wales
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zConvert is a closed-source freeware frontend for ffmpeg / libavcodec. It allows the user to convert between audio and video file formats. Features zConvert features a custom preset system so that regular options can be stored and quickly used again, as well as built in device support for iPod Video, iPhone and PlayStation 3. References * http://www.zuvium.com/convert/ * http://www.videohelp.com/tools/ffmpeg Category:Windows-only freeware Category:Windows multimedia software Category:Video conversion software
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CarneyVale: Showtime is a vertical platform game The game won the 2008 Dream-Build-Play Challenge, was declared a finalist in the 2008 Independent Games Festival, and was featured as one of the PAX 10 top games at the 2009 Penny Arcade Expo. Ports and re-releases Xbox Game Studios The rights to the game were bought by Appxplore, who ported it to Android (operating system) Footnotes Notes References External links *CarneyVale: Showtime at the Singapore-MIT GAMBIT Game Lab *CarneyVale: Showtime at Appxplore Category:2008 video games Category:Android (operating system) games Category:Games for Windows Category:Indie games Category:IOS games Category:Massachusetts Institute of Technology software Category:Microsoft games Category:Platformers Category:Side-scrolling video games Category:Single-player video games Category:Video games developed in Singapore Category:Video games developed in the United States Category:Video games set in circuses Category:Video games with user-generated gameplay content Category:Windows games Category:Windows Phone games Category:Xbox 360 Live Indie games Category:Appxplore (iCandy) games
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Wikipedia:CarneyVale: Showtime
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Fabricatorz, LLC Aiki Framework is a PHP and MySQL (LAMP (software bundle) Status The last release of the software approximately coincided with the March 15, 2012 detainment in Syria of the technology'sinventor, Bassel Khartabil. Aiki Framework was for a long time the underlying technology of the Open Clip Art Library and still is for Open Font Library, but the technology was deprecated since 2016 when it was resurrected and put on GitHub. The history of changes was imported to git from last zip file taken from archive.org and controlled by GNU Bazaar Usage The goal of Aiki Framework is to make a fast system for developing heavily trafficked communities where developers are used to editing source code, but can not directly because of necessary security precautions in running a web server. Examples * Open Clip Art Library * Open Font Library Participants * Christopher Adams * Dave Crossland * Steven Garcia * Brad Phillips * Jon Phillips * Bassel Safadi * Barry Threw * Jakub T. Jankiewicz Bassel Khartabil On 1 August 2017, it was reported that the inventor of Aiki, Bassel Khartabil (known as Bassel Safadi), had been executed in prison by the Syrian government. References External links * Category:Free content management systems Category:PHP frameworks Category:Content management systems Category:Website management Category:Document management systems Category:Software using the GNU Affero General Public License
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The 866 is a Mercury-arc valve Construction Structurally, it consists of a linear electrode arrangement; a cup shaped anode with top cap and a cylindrical cathode. The socket is a medium 4 pin bayonet Tube socket#Early bases Operation Under normal operating conditions the tube glows blue and mercury droplets are visible. Pictures in working conditions References Further reading * External links *866 @ The National Valve Museum *866A at Radiomuseum.org Category:Vacuum tubes Category:Electric power conversion
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In mathematics education at primary school level, a number bond (sometimes alternatively called an addition fact) is a simple addition sum which has become so familiar that a child can recognise it and complete it almost instantly, with recall as automatic as that of an entry from a multiplication table in multiplication. For example, a number bond looks like :5 + 2 7 A child who "knows" this number bond should be able to immediately fill in any one of these three numbers if it were missing, given the other two, without having to "work it out". Number bonds are often learned in sets for which the sum is a common round number such as 10 or 20. Having acquired some familiar number bonds, children should also soon learn how to use them to develop strategies to complete more complicated sums, for example by navigating from a new sum to an adjacent number bond they know, i.e. 5+2 and 4+3 are both number bonds that make 7; or by strategies like "making ten", for example recognising that 7+6 (7+3)+3 13. The term "number bond" is also used to refer to a pictorial representation of part-part-whole relationships, often found in the Singapore mathematics curriculum. Number bonds consist of a minimum of 3 circles that are connected by lines. The “whole” is written in the first circle and its “parts” are written in the adjoining circles. Number bonds are used to build deeper understanding of math facts. History The term "number bond" is sometimes derided as a piece of unnecessary new mathematical jargon, adding an element of pointless abstraction or incomprehensibility for those not familiar with it (such as children'sparents) to a subject even as simple as primary school addition. The term has been used at least since the 1920s and formally entered the primary curriculum in Singapore in the early 1970s. In the U.K. the phrase came into widespread classroom use from
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even as simple as primary school addition. The term has been used at least since the 1920s and formally entered the primary curriculum in Singapore in the early 1970s. In the U.K. the phrase came into widespread classroom use from the late 1990s when the National Numeracy Strategy brought in an emphasis on in-classroom discussion of strategies for developing mental calculation See also * and References External links * What is a Number Bond? - visual explanation of number bonds, and link to free printables. * Let'splay math: Number bonds * Number Bond Worksheet * Number Bonds to 20 - Free printable PDF number bonds to 20 worksheet (number bonds to 10 and to 100 also available) * Making sense of number bonds. - A detailed explanation of what number bonds are. Category:Mathematics education Category:Elementary arithmetic Category:Primary education
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Genesishomilien des Bischofs Severian von Gabala. Aschendorff, 1916. * Henry Wace, Dictionary of Christian Biography - s:Dictionary
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and English translation of text found in British Library Ms. Oriental 8606 and Vatican Ms. Syr. 369, fol. 15v-17v. * Johannes Zellinger, Die Genesishomilien des Bischofs Severian von Gabala. Aschendorff, 1916. * Henry Wace, Dictionary of Christian Biography - s:Dictionary of Christian Biography and Literature to the End of the Sixth Century/Severianus, bp. of Gabala * Robert C. Hill and Carmen S. Hardin, Commentaries on Genesis 1-3 , IVP (2010), . English translation of Severian's Six sermons on Genesis, plus some sermons by Bede. * Antoine Wenger, Une homélie inédite de Sévérien de Gabala sur le lavement des pieds, Revue des études byzantines vol. 25 (1967), p. 219-234. External links * Severian of Gabala, Sermon on the Epiphany - English translation * Severian of Gabala, Sermon on Peace - English translation * Severian of Gabala, On Faith and the Natural Law - English translation * Severian of Gabala, Sermon 1 on the Creation - English translation Category:4th-century Byzantine bishops Category:4th-century births Category:5th-century Byzantine bishops Category:5th-century deaths Category:5th-century Byzantine writers Category:Flat Earth proponents Category:Greek Christians
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The Frederick Douglass Book Prize is awarded annually by the Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History and the Gilder Lehrman Center for the Study of Slavery, Resistance, and Abolition at Yale University. It is a $25,000 award for the most outstanding non-fiction book in English on the subject of slavery, abolition or antislavery movements. List of recipients See also * List of history awards References External links *"Frederick Douglass Book Prize Award Dinner", C-SPAN, February 28, 2002 *"The Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History" Category:Awards established in 1999 Category:American history awards Category:American non-fiction literary awards Category:Slavery in the United States Category:Books about race and ethnicity Category:1999 establishments in New York (state) Category:Frederick Douglass
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Wikipedia:Frederick Douglass Book Prize
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This article summarizes publicly known cryptanalysis Table color key Common hash functions Collision resistance Chosen prefix collision attack Preimage resistance Length extension *Vulnerable: MD5, SHA1, SHA256, SHA512 *Not vulnerable: SHA384, SHA-3, BLAKE2 Less-common hash functions Collision resistance Preimage resistance Attacks on hashed passwords Hashes described here are designed for fast computation and have roughly similar speeds. Because most users typically choose short passwords formed in predictable ways, passwords can often be recovered from their hashed value if a fast hash is used. Searches on the order of 100 billion tests per second are possible with high-end graphics processors. Special hashes called key derivation functions have been created to slow brute force searches. These include pbkdf2, bcrypt, scrypt, argon2, and Balloon hashing See also * Comparison of cryptographic hash functions * Cryptographic hash function * Collision attack * Preimage attack * Length extension attack * Cipher security summary References External links * 2010 summary of attacks against Tiger, MD4 and SHA-2: Category:Cryptographic hash functions Category:Broken hash functions Category:Cryptography lists and comparisons
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Wikipedia:Hash function security summary
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CAS conducts community outreach and awareness campaigns, managing initiatives such as Canadian AIDS Society#National HIV Testing Day In recent years, CAS has expanded its efforts to promote HIV testing and Canadian AIDS Society#Sexual health advocacy History The Canadian AIDS Society (CAS) was established in response to the growing HIV/AIDS in Canada In 1987, the CAS hosted its national conference in Ottawa, using the proximity to the nation'scapital to engage with federal Health Canada Initially operating as an informal network, CAS became a formalized coalition upon its incorporation in 1988. Led by Michael Phair, its first board chair from Edmonton, CAS relocated to Ottawa and obtained Charitable organization National AIDS Strategy The Canadian AIDS Society (CAS) was involved in advocacy efforts related to the development and renewal of the National AIDS Strategy (NAS) in HIV/AIDS in Canada In 1993, Phase II of the NAS was launched, allocating $42.2 million annually over five years. CAS retained its position as a significant stakeholder in the negotiations for the National AIDS Strategy (NAS), ultimately securing the renewal of Phase III, which was renamed the Canadian Strategy on HIV/AIDS in 1998. This renewal was endorsed by Minister of Health Allan Rock and included ongoing government funding of $42.2 million annually. By then, CAS had grown to over 120 member organizations and expanded its staff to 22 employees, consolidating its position as a legitimate voice in Canadian politics and a vital advocate for AIDS Service Organizations (ASOs) nationwide. Structure Member organizations The Canadian AIDS Society (CAS) acts as a representative body for AIDS service organization Evolution of governance and representation The Canadian AIDS Society (CAS) is overseen by a board of directors, which includes two representatives from each region of Canada, one of whom is required to be HIV-positive. Additionally, CAS has two at-large board seats for one male and one female member, ensuring gender-diverse representation. One board
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a board of directors, which includes two representatives from each region of Canada, one of whom is required to be HIV-positive. Additionally, CAS has two at-large board seats for one male and one female member, ensuring gender-diverse representation. One board seat is allocated for a young person living with HIV. Funding CAS has received funding from the federal government through the Public Health Agency of Canada. However, since the reorganization of funding priorities for HIV and Hepatitis C in 2016, CAS has not received any federal funding. This shift, alongside broader underfunding issues for HIV/AIDS service organizations in Canada, has provoked strong criticism from various stakeholders, including CAS'snational partner, the HIV Legal Network. Programs and campaigns AIDS memorial quilt In 1989, the Persons With AIDS (PWA) Coalition in Halifax organized the Canadian Tour of the American NAMES Project AIDS Memorial Quilt The quilt journeyed through seven Canadian cities during the months of June and July: * Halifax June 1 to 3 Saint Mary's University (Halifax) * Montreal June 8 to 11 Montreal Biodome * Ottawa June 15 to 18 Lansdowne Park Coliseum building * Toronto June 22 to 24 * Winnipeg June 29 to July 1 University of Winnipeg Athletic Center * Calgary July 4 to 6 Olympic Plaza (Calgary) * Vancouver July 13 to 16 Vancouver Art Gallery As the quilt traveled, local panels were created to remember those who died of AIDS. The Canada Quilt took shape during the NAMES Project AIDS Memorial Quilt#Quilt Tours and Exhibits In 1992, the Canadian AIDS Society (CAS) cared for the Quilt until 1994. The Names Project Canada located in Halifax took over in June 1994, growing the quilt from 400 to over 640 panels. Originating as a response to the AIDS epidemic, the quilt commemorates lives and raises funds for AIDS service organizations. National HIV testing day On June 27, 2019, CAS hosted its second
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quilt from 400 to over 640 panels. Originating as a response to the AIDS epidemic, the quilt commemorates lives and raises funds for AIDS service organizations. National HIV testing day On June 27, 2019, CAS hosted its second annual event in collaboration with local health workers and community organizations. Over 100 community organizations established HIV testing sites for Canada'sannual National HIV Testing Day, which is held each year. STBBI testing during the COVID-19 pandemic In collaboration with the University of Ottawa and Ottawa Public Health, CAS partnered with local organizations such as the AIDS Committee of Ottawa (ACO) in piloting the GetaKit project, which facilitated the first testing of HIV self-testing home kits in Ottawa on April 23, 2020. Approved by Public Health Agency of Canada References Category:HIV/AIDS organizations in Canada Category:Charities based in Canada Category:HIV/AIDS activism Category:HIV/AIDS Category:1987 establishments in Canada Category:Non-profit organizations based in Canada
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Global Explorer ROV is a unique deep water remotely operated vehicle that has made numerous dives below on science and survey expeditions for National Geographic Society Expeditions 2001 Loch Ness Science Survey Dr. Robert Rines organized an expedition to search for the Loch Ness Monster using the Global Explorer ROV to obtain underwater images. The search did not find the Monster but did photograph an image on the bottom that looked like a large dead animal. 2002 Arctic Ocean On the NOAA's Arctic Exploration 2002, Global Explorer ROV dove to the bottom of the Canada Basin and collected live specimens down through the water column. The ROV also obtained digital still photographs and video of sea life. This was the first ever census of marine life throughout the entire water column from the surface of the ice to the seafloor. 2003 Loch Ness Science Survey Dr. Robert Rines worked to find the Loch Ness Monster on a second expedition with the Global Explorer ROV. This mission also ended without any success finding the Monster. 2005 Arctic Ocean Global Explorer ROV was the key tool used on the NOAA's Hidden Ocean Arctic 2005 expedition. Live specimens were obtained down to 9,000 feet and high definition video and still images. 2007 USS Grunion In August, 2007, Global Explorer ROV was instrumental in locating the submarine , which, with 70men on board, disappeared during World War II and had been listed by the US Navy as "missing in action, cause unknown". The expedition to locate the submarine was financed and arranged by the family of the commander of USS Grunion, Lieutenant Commander Mannert L. Abele. 2007 Celebes Sea In September and October 2007, Global Explorer ROV joined NOAA and National Geographic on an expedition to the unexplored depths of the Celebes Sea, south of the Philippine Islands. The ROV was equipped with a
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2007 Celebes Sea In September and October 2007, Global Explorer ROV joined NOAA and National Geographic on an expedition to the unexplored depths of the Celebes Sea, south of the Philippine Islands. The ROV was equipped with a high definition (HD) color video camera, a digital still camera, a 12-chambered suction sampler, and static canister samplers. The Global Explorer ROV was the star of the expedition. In strong currents, it collected live specimens as well as photographs and video of unusual and unfamiliar specimens. Notes References * * * * * Category:Robotic submarines Category:Remotely operated underwater vehicles
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Joe Milton McCord (born March 3, 1945) is an American biochemist. While serving as a graduate student, he and his supervisor Irwin Fridovich were the first to describe the enzymatic activity of superoxide dismutase. McCord joined the board of directors of the LifeVantage Corporation (makers of the dietary supplement Protandim) in 2006, serving as the company'schief science officer from 2011 to 2012, and retired from the company in June 2013. Academic background McCord received a B.S. degree in chemistry from Rhodes College (graduated 1966) and a Ph.D. in biochemistry from Duke University (graduated 1970), where he also conducted postdoctoral research. McCord is a past recipient of the Discovery Award from the Society for Free Radical Biology and Medicine (shared with Irwin Fridovich), the Elliott Cresson Medal, and a Lifetime Achievement Award from the Oxygen Society. LifeVantage/Protandim McCord served on the board of directors (Director of Science) of the LifeVantage Corporation beginning in 2006 and was listed by the SEC as an insider shareholder. LifeVantage is a Utah-based multilevel marketing company that distributes an antioxidant dietary supplement known as Protandim. McCord co-authored 7 studies on the product and participated in distributor training. Under the terms of the separation agreement, McCord was to receive a payment of $1.7 million from the company. References External links *Short biography Category:1945 births Category:Living people Category:American biochemists Category:University of Colorado Denver faculty Category:People associated with direct selling Category:Rhodes College alumni Category:Duke University alumni
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Wikipedia:Joe M. McCord
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