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DerChirurg.00710844.eng.abstr
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DerChirurg.00710844.eng.abstr
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"id": "DerChirurg.00710844.eng.abstr-passage-0",
"type": "abstract",
"text": [
"Abstract . Streptococcal toxic shocklike syndrome is caused by group A streptococci and characterized by multiorgan failure and soft-tissue necrosis , often in young patients with a bland history and at most a minor trauma . Diagnosis is reached through the clinical presentation , imaging methods and positive bacterial verification . The course is fulminant and in the case of muscle involvement , mortality reaches 80-100 % . Therapy consists of immediate fasciotomy and often of debridement of affected soft tissues with high-dose antibiotics in intensive care . Sometimes an unconfirmed diagnosis must be sufficient to operate . We report the case of a 29-year-old man without an exceptional history who was forced to undergo thigh amputation , multiple soft-tissue debridements , and after a total of 240 erythrocyte concentrates , finally hip joint enucleation ."
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[] |
[] |
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DerChirurg.00710869.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.00710869.eng.abstr
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"Abstract . The rarity of Pseudomyxoma peritonei , its complex biology and the remaining inconsistencies in terminology all contribute to rendering therapeutic recommendations a difficult task . In principle , a multimodal concept combining cytoreductive surgery with peri- and postoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy constitutes the preferable treatment . Initially , surgical peritonectomy aims to achieve the complete removal of tumor cells at the macroscopic level . Subsequently in the early postoperative phase when the absence of adhesions allows for a homogeneous intraabdominal spread of cytotoxic drugs , intraperitoneal application of 5-fluorouracil and mitomycin C represents the most solidly established treatment . Therapeutic failures are often due to insufficiently radical cytoreductive surgery or a lack of homogeneous distribution of cytotoxic drugs in the abdomen . In view of the rarity of their condition , patients with Pseudomyxoma peritonei should be treated at or in conjunction with specialized centers . Only such a \" center-oriented \" approach will secure the standardization of treatment and help to clarify unsettled therapeutic questions . The development of improved therapeutic concepts will depend on concise histopathological classification . Already at present therapeutic decisions should not only be be based on the clinical aspect of a \" mucinous abdomen \" but should be guided by the pathological differentiation between disseminated peritoneal adenomucinosis ( DPAM ) , with a relatively good prognosis , and the more aggressive peritoneal mucinous carcinomatosis ( PMCA ) ."
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DerChirurg.00710877.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.00710877.eng.abstr
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"Abstract . The incidence of primary malignant neoplasms of the pleura , the pericardium and the peritoneum in Germany has been rising since about the mid-1980 s. A continuing rise is expected until about 2020 , predominantly due to the peak of asbestos processing in Germany between 1965 and 1980. About 90 % of the mesotheliomas stored in the files of the German Mesothelioma Registry in Bochum are asbestos related and therefore possibly due to occupational exposure that may be compensated by the professional associations . More than 500 mesotheliomas annually can be diagnosed in the German Mesothelioma Registry . In this first part of the series on mesotheliomas , current concepts on etiology and pathogenesis as well as diagnostic procedures and standards are discussed . At the present , specific chromosomal or genetic defects that constantly give rise to a mesothelioma are not known . The initiation and progression of malignant mesotheliomas is a highly complex mechanism that is based on individual genetic alterations . A reliable diagnosis is the basis for therapeutic , prognostic and medicolegal conseques ; in general , it can be achieved by thoracoscopic inspection with selected biopsy . Surgery may gain a more important role in the therapy of malignant tumors of serosal membranes not only in palliative , but also in potential curative approaches if the diagnosis can be made at earlier tumor stages ."
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[] |
[] |
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DerChirurg.00710887.eng.abstr
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DerChirurg.00710887.eng.abstr
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"Abstract . In patients with pleural or peritoneal mesothelioma , surgery is a technically difficult procedure . Whereas those rare forms of localized pleural mesotheliomy are being detected incidentally and can be cured by complete resection , most patients with diffuse malignant mesothelioma present with an advanced stage of disease . Most of these patients survive less than 12 months irrespective of the treatment modality . For diffuse pleural mesothelioma , some favorable prognostic factors were identified : IMIG ( International Mesothelioma Interest Group ) , stages I and II , epithelial type , age under 50 , female gender . In IMIG stages I and II , extended pleuropneumonectomy followed by chemo- and/or radiotherapy is recommended . For this subset of patients , a median survival time of between 20 and 30 months is reported . Pleurectomy and decortication are recommended as palliative surgical strategies against pleural effusion . In patients with technically inoperable infiltration of the thoracic wall , irradiation is helpful ; sometimes partial remission and relief of pain can be achieved by chemotherapy ."
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DerChirurg.00710894.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.00710894.eng.abstr
|
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"Abstract . Desmoid tumors ( DTs ) are rare nonmetastasizing neoplasms , occurring both sporadically and in the context of familial adenomatous polyposis ( FAP ) . DTs show an unpredictable natural course with approximately 10 % demonstrating a severely aggressive growth pattern , whereas others regress spontaneously . Surgery appears to have a triggering effect on desmoid growth , but is unavoidable in patients with FAP requiring prophylactic colectomy . Treatment recommendations remain controversial . Surgery may only be regarded as an option if a safety margin of at least 2 cm is guaranteed . Even under these circumstances recurrence rates are very high . Debulking operations invariably lead to a boost towards more aggressive growth . Most issues regarding DTs are contradictory , reflecting the lack of any systematic approach to the disease . One way out of this dilemma is the establishment of a clinical classification as a first step towards standardized therapy ."
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[] |
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DerChirurg.00710904.eng.abstr
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[] |
[] |
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DerChirurg.00710912.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.00710912.eng.abstr
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] |
[] |
[] |
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{
"id": "DerChirurg.00710912.eng.abstr-s3-r2-t1.1-t2.1",
"type": "uses",
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}
] |
DerChirurg.00710918.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.00710918.eng.abstr
|
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.00710918.eng.abstr-passage-0",
"type": "abstract",
"text": [
"Abstract . Abdominal compartment syndrome is defined by increased intraabdominal pressure above 20 mmHg with increased pulmonary peak pressure and oliguria . In primary abdominal compartment syndrome the increased intraabdominal pressure is caused directly by peritonitis , ileus or abdominal and pelvic trauma . Secondary compartment syndrome is a result of forced closure of the abdominal wall after abdominal surgery . The effects are decreased cardiac output , pulmonary atelectasis , oliguria to anuria and hepatic as well as intestinal reduction of perfusion . Effective monitoring is done by standardised measuring of urinary bladder pressure . Normal values are between 0 and 7 cm H2O, after elective laparotomies 5-12 cm H20. Above 25 cm H20 they are definitely pathological . For the prevention and therapy of manifested abdominal compartment syndrome the application of a laparostomy using a resorbable mesh is recommended . Between 1988 and 1999 we applied a laparostomy to lower the intraabdominal pressure in 377 patients . In 16 % of the cases it was indicated by primary abdominal compartment syndrome with a bladder pressure of 31 +/- 4 cm H20 preoperatively , which could be lowered to 17 +/- 4 cm H20 by laparostomy . An early reconstruction of the abdominal wall could be performed in 18 % of the cases . Conclusions : The abdominal compartment syndrome is an often underestimated problem in abdominal surgery involving multiple organ systems . The temporary laparostomy lowering intraabdominal pressure rather than a forced closure of the abdominal wall should be used in all circumstances ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1612
]
]
}
] |
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"id": "DerChirurg.00710918.eng.abstr-s2-t1",
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"syndrome"
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33,
41
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"type": "umlsterm",
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"pressure"
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89
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"id": "DerChirurg.00710918.eng.abstr-s3-t4",
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"id": "DerChirurg.00710918.eng.abstr-s5-t2",
"type": "umlsterm",
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489,
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{
"id": "DerChirurg.00710918.eng.abstr-s5-t3",
"type": "umlsterm",
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501,
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]
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.00710918.eng.abstr-s5-t4",
"type": "umlsterm",
"text": [
"perfusion"
],
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555,
564
]
],
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{
"id": "DerChirurg.00710918.eng.abstr-s5-t5",
"type": "umlsterm",
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448,
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{
"id": "DerChirurg.00710918.eng.abstr-s6-t1",
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{
"id": "DerChirurg.00710918.eng.abstr-s6-t3",
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],
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625,
640
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"id": "DerChirurg.00710918.eng.abstr-s7-t2",
"type": "umlsterm",
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709,
721
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{
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"type": "umlsterm",
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"Normal values"
],
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652,
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"db_id": "C0086715"
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"db_id": "C0687732"
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}
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"id": "DerChirurg.00710918.eng.abstr-s8-t3",
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{
"id": "DerChirurg.00710918.eng.abstr-s8-t6",
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[] |
[] |
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] |
DerChirurg.00710939.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.00710939.eng.abstr
|
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.00710939.eng.abstr-passage-0",
"type": "abstract",
"text": [
"Abstract . Introduction : Because of an increasing number of endoscopic hernia procedures , it is important to look into the possibility of standardizing these techniques helping surgeons to acquire the operative skills necessary . Material and Methods : To discuss these aspects , the documented data on TAPP operations that have been carried out in this department since 1993 were analyzed . The results of teaching procedures were compared with those of experts after they had gotten past the learning and development curve . Results : A total of 778 teaching procedures were performed by 10 surgeons with an individual experience of 30.5 operations ( median ) . Before starting the first procedure , 89 were done by assistants operating the camera . The morbidity of teaching operations was 1.9 % compared to 1.4 % for those performed by experts . After a median follow-up of 23 months there were two recurrences ( 0.23 % ) in the expert group and none in the teaching group ( follow-up 16 months ) . Conclusion : Because of the potentials of standardization of the TAPP technique , the results of teaching were equal to expert operations . Therefore , TAPP is suitable for application in a routine setting ."
],
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0,
1212
]
]
}
] |
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"id": "DerChirurg.00710939.eng.abstr-s2-t1",
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"hernia"
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}
] |
[] |
[] |
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{
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},
{
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"type": "interacts_with",
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},
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{
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},
{
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"arg2_id": "DerChirurg.00710939.eng.abstr-s10-t1",
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.00710939.eng.abstr-s4-r3-t4.1-t1.2",
"type": "result_of",
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.00710939.eng.abstr-s4-r4-t2.1-t1.2",
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.00710939.eng.abstr-s4-r5-t1.1-t4.1",
"type": "affects",
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.00710939.eng.abstr-s4-r6-t1.2-t4.1",
"type": "measurement_of",
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{
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},
{
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.00710939.eng.abstr-s4-r9-t1.2-t4.1",
"type": "result_of",
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.00710939.eng.abstr-s7-r1-t1.1-t2.2",
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{
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.00710939.eng.abstr-s9-r1-t1.1-t2.1",
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"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.00710939.eng.abstr-s9-r2-t1.1-t2.1",
"type": "measures",
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.00710939.eng.abstr-s9-r3-t4.2-t1.1",
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{
"id": "DerChirurg.00710939.eng.abstr-s9-r4-t4.2-t2.1",
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.00710939.eng.abstr-s9-r5-t1.1-t2.1",
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{
"id": "DerChirurg.00710939.eng.abstr-s9-r6-t2.1-t1.1",
"type": "interacts_with",
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}
] |
DerChirurg.00710944.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.00710944.eng.abstr
|
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.00710944.eng.abstr-passage-0",
"type": "abstract",
"text": [
"Objective : How does adjuvant training of strength and endurance influence the muscular , cardial , respiratory , immunological systems , and the quality of life during intrahepatical chemotherapy in a veteran athlete with liver metastasis after resection of a carcinoma of the rectum . Patient and method : A 58-year-old athlete with metastatic carcinoma of the rectum ( pT3, N0, M-liver , G2) underwent regional chemotherapy ( folinic acid , 5-fluorouracil ) via an intrahepatic port system . Six cycles with 5 days each were applied . During the intervals between cycles ( 14 days ) , beginning in the 6th postoperative week , a strength and endurance training ( duration 13 weeks ) was carried out twice weekly with an intensity of 40-60 % of the maximum postoperative individual power and endurance ( evaluated with weight and treadmill exercise tests and measurement of lactate ) . Before and after chemotherapy , an echocardiogram , resting and exercise electrocardiogram , lung function , natural killer cells and the gastrointestinal quality of life index ( GLQI ) was evaluated . After chemotherapy was finished , the effects of training were assumed . Results : Strength increased between 0 % and 144 % . Endurance improvement was measured on the last comparable submaximal intensity step , expressed by reduction of heart rate and lactate concentration by 10 and 21.5 % , respectively , improvement of lung function regarding FEV 1 and FCV by 12.9 and 11.3 % , respectively , and VC IN 11.4 % . The relative count of natural killer cells increased by 27.2 % , and the GLQI improved from 109 points ( pathologic ) to 129 points ( normal ) . Conclusion : There were positive effects on muscular and cardial mechanisms of adaptation and on illness-related quality of life . Postoperative sports activity during regional chemotherapy is possible ."
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DerChirurg.00710950.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.00710950.eng.abstr
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"Abstract . Purpose : Evaluation of quality of life data and patient satisfaction to estimate the outcome of laparoscopic antireflux surgery ( LARS ) is nowadays an important issue , the long-term outcome of this has not yet received much attention . Methods : In the present study we evaluated the outcome of quality of life data of 70 patients who underwent \" floppy \" Nissen fundoplication at our institute 3 years after surgery . Quality of life was evaluated with the Gastrointestinal Quality of Life Index ( GIQLI ) . Additionally the subjectivity and objectivity of the quality of the procedure and possible side effects were evaluated with a questionnaire . Results : Three years after laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication , patients gave their quality of life ( GIQLI ) in an overall score of 123.9 points . This is comparable to 122.6 points in the normal population . There was no difference detectable in the subdimensions of GIQLI . Ninety-eight percent of the patients estimated their satisfaction with the procedure as excellent or good and would undergo surgery again if necessary . Four patients suffered from minimal side effects from the procedure , but had no decrease in their quality of life . None of the patients needed antireflux medications postoperatively . Laparoscopic redo-fundoplication was performed in two patients 3 months after initial surgery because of persisting dysphagia . Conclusion : The efficacy and long-term outcome of treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease with laparoscopic \" floppy \" Nissen fundoplication can be evaluated by objective testing , but also by subjective judgment of the patient and with an evaluation of quality of life ."
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] |
DerChirurg.00710955.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.00710955.eng.abstr
|
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.00710955.eng.abstr-passage-0",
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"Abstract . Introduction : Oral feeding is usually offered following surgery of the lower gastrointestinal tract when clinical signs of normal intestinal motility are present . However , some studies have shown that early oral feeding is well tolerated with low morbidity . Methods : A prospective cohort study was performed to evaluate whether early oral feeding according to a standardized schedule is tolerated under normal clinical circumstances . One hundred consecutive patients following small- or large-bowel resection with anastomosis were offered fluids on post-operative day 1 , soup on post-operative day 2 , mashed food on post-operative day 3 and a regular diet on post-operative day 4. Parenteral nutrition was only given if necessary . Tolerance of oral feeding and the amount of food were checked twice a day . End points of the study were nausea ( VAS score 1-100 ) , vomiting ( > 200 ml ) , reinsertion of a nasogastric tube , level of food intake , parenteral nutrition ( ml ) , appetite and well-being . Results : Loop ileostomies were done in 21 patients , colonic resections above the sigmoid in 32 , and sigmoid and rectal resections in 47. The average age was 63 +/- 13 years . The frequency of nausea was less than 30 % and of vomiting less than 10 % . Only in two cases was a nasogastric tube inserted . Forty-three percent of all patients tolerated feeding very well according to the schedule . On post-operative day 3 more than 60 % tolerated oral intake , on post-operative day 4 , 74 % and on post-operative day 5 , 88 % . Only 22 % of the patients needed parenteral fluids on post-operative day 4. The first bowel movement was noted after 2.8 +/- 1.1 days . Surgical complications were documented in 18 patients and general complications in 6 patients . Conclusion : Most patients tolerated early oral feeding very well according to the schedule with low morbidity . Therefore , early feeding is now a substantial component of the postoperative treatment following small- or large-bowel resections ."
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DerChirurg.00710963.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.00710963.eng.abstr
|
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.00710963.eng.abstr-passage-0",
"type": "abstract",
"text": [
"Abstract . Benign , non-parasitic liver cysts are usually asymptomatic and found incidentally by abdominal ultrasound or CT scan . We present the case of a 68-year-old patient who showed obstructive jaundice due to a hemorrhagic liver cyst compressing the choledochal duct . Due to the location of the cyst in the porta hepatis with partial compression of central liver vessels and the meanwhile organized hematoma , operative therapy was preferred in order to prevent secondary complications such as portal vein thrombosis and to exclude a malignant neoplasm ."
],
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[
0,
561
]
]
}
] |
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"liver"
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"id": "DerChirurg.00710963.eng.abstr-s3-t2",
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"id": "DerChirurg.00710963.eng.abstr-s3-t3",
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"id": "DerChirurg.00710963.eng.abstr-s3-t4",
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"id": "DerChirurg.00710963.eng.abstr-s4-t10",
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] |
[] |
[] |
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DerChirurg.00710966.eng.abstr
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DerChirurg.00710966.eng.abstr
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[] |
[] |
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DerChirurg.00710989.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.00710989.eng.abstr
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{
"id": "DerChirurg.00710989.eng.abstr-passage-0",
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[] |
[] |
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DerChirurg.00711001.eng.abstr
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DerChirurg.00711001.eng.abstr
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"Abstract . Tissue engineering offers the possibility to fabricate living substitutes for tissues and organs by combining histogenic cells and biocompatible carrier materials . Pluripotent mesenchymal stem cells are isolated and subcultured ex vivo and then their histogenic differentiation is induced by external factors . The fabrication of bone and cartilage constructs , their combinations and gene therapeutic approaches are demonstrated . Advantages and disadvantages of these methods are described by in vitro and in vitro testing . The proof of histotypical function after implantation in vivo is essential . The use of autologous cells and tissue engineering methods offers the possibility to overcome the disadvantages of classical tissue reconstruction - donor site morbidity of autologous grafts , immunogenicity of allogenic grafts and loosening of alloplastic implants . Furthermore , tissue engineering widens the spectrum of surgical indications in bone and cartilage reconstruction ."
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DerChirurg.00711024.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.00711024.eng.abstr
|
[
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"id": "DerChirurg.00711024.eng.abstr-passage-0",
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"Abstract . Although long-term results in cruciate ligament surgery are continuously improving , we are still confronted with a certain rate of surgical failures and an increasing number of revision procedures . Despite a tremendous effort towards experimental and clinical research in the field of anterior and posterior cruciate ligament surgery over the past decades , there is still a strong need to further improve results . Therefore , the goal of the present paper is to introduce and discuss new developments in the rapidly changing field of cruciate ligament surgery , in order to give the clinician a base for discussion to include these developments in their daily clinical work . The present paper focuses on current developments and future perspectives such as biodegradable implants , new aspects in graft selection , double-bundle posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction , possibilities of biological intervention with growth factors , and the new technology of robotics and navigation ."
],
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] |
DerChirurg.00711034.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.00711034.eng.abstr
|
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.00711034.eng.abstr-passage-0",
"type": "abstract",
"text": [
"Abstract . The use of hamstring tendon grafts in cruciate ligament surgery has recently raised strong interest . Hamstring tendons are superior to the mid third patellar tendon graft by virtue of lower harvest site morbidity combined with high tensile strength . Osseous graft incorporation relies on a proper tendon-to-bone healing , which relies on specific biomechanical and biological boundary conditions . Several different fixation devices have recently been introduced , with special emphasis on high initial fixation strength and moving the level of fixation closer to the joint line , the so-called aperture fixation . The goal of the present review is to focus on the advantages and disadvantages of different fixation principles for hamstring tendon grafts in order to give a comprehensive insight into current developments , such as interference fit fixation , cross-pin fixation , and the concept of hybrid fixation ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
930
]
]
}
] |
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]
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"use"
],
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15,
18
]
],
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"db_id": "C0042153"
}
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.00711034.eng.abstr-s2-t2",
"type": "umlsterm",
"text": [
"tendon"
],
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[
32,
38
]
],
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{
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"db_id": "C0039508"
}
]
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.00711034.eng.abstr-s2-t3",
"type": "umlsterm",
"text": [
"grafts"
],
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[
39,
45
]
],
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{
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},
{
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.00711034.eng.abstr-s3-t1",
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123,
130
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{
"id": "DerChirurg.00711034.eng.abstr-s3-t2",
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"tendon"
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170,
176
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.00711034.eng.abstr-s3-t3",
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] |
DerChirurg.00711045.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.00711045.eng.abstr
|
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.00711045.eng.abstr-passage-0",
"type": "abstract",
"text": [
"Abstract . Over the past century numerous graft materials have been used for the reconstruction of the cruciate ligament of the knee . Among the autologous tissues that are currently recommended as graft materials , the central bone patellar tendon bone graft , a quadrupled hamstring graft and the central quadriceps tendon graft have the greatest clinical significance . With some limitations , allograft materials can also be used . Each of the three mentioned grafts has specific features regarding morphological and structural properties , graft fixation and graft incorporation . Clinical studies have failed to identify any of the three grafts as superior to the others . When choosing the graft for surgery the different anatomy and function of the anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments have to be considered . For the treatment of multiple ligament injuries and for revision cases , thorough preoperative planning is necessary and modified graft selection may be required ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
986
]
]
}
] |
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DerChirurg.00711055.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.00711055.eng.abstr
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[] |
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DerChirurg.00711066.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.00711066.eng.abstr
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"Abstract . Injuries to the posterior cruciate ligament are among the major injuries to the knee joint . Today we are often confronted with an inapproprate and delayed diagnosis of this injury and its concomitant lesions . Additionally , the outcome of operative treatment has not yet reached an acceptable rate of satisfactory results . Therefore , the goal of this current concept review is to give a comprehensive insight into anatomy and biomechanics , injury mechanisms and pathobiomechanics , based on our experiences and data from the international literature . A further goal is to clarify diagnostic problems with respect to clinical examination and imaging techniques . We also present a differential concept for the perioperative and conservative management of posterior cruciate ligament deficient knees in order to also adequately address concomitant injuries such as posterolateral rotatory instability and combined anterior cruciate ligament injuries with the aim of further improving results ."
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[] |
[] |
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DerChirurg.00711082.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.00711082.eng.abstr
|
[
{
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"text": [
"Abstract . There is controversy about the therapy for third-degree acromioclavicular dislocation according to Tossy and Rockwood's classification . Both operative and non-operative treatment is reported to have satisfactory results in the literature . The purpose of this study was to analyze the literature in a systematic manner based on the criteria of evidence-based medicine . It was our hypothesis that there is no scientific evidence for the superiority of one treatment over the other . A total of 370 papers were retrieved and classified into three groups : ( 1 ) randomized controlled trials ; ( 2 ) comparative retrospective studies ; and ( 3 ) retrospective studies . In three studies that were graded with high evidence , the major outcome for both operative and non-operative treatment was similar . The advantages of non-operative treatment include a shorter period of rehabilitation and a significantly lower complication rate while the advantages of operative treatment include a low rate of persisting subluxation of the AC joint . Similar results were found for retrospective comparative and long-term studies . For retrospective studies without controls , both operative and conservative therapy are described with good and excellent results , ranging between 80 and 97 % . In conclusion , there is good evidence on the therapy of third-degree acromioclaviculary dislocation studies . The functional result according to the literature is similar , and complications associated with therapy occur more often with operative treatment . Conservative treatment appears to be the method of choice for third-degree acromioclavicular dislocations unless the patient's preference is operative therapy ."
],
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1714
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}
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DerChirurg.00711090.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.00711090.eng.abstr
|
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"Abstract . Introduction : The treatment of full-thickness cartilage defects still represents a problem that has not yet been solved satisfactorily . Current methods used to cover defects in the knee joint are osteochondral cylinder transplantation ( OCT ) and autologous chondrocyte transplantation ( ACT ) . Methods : With a prospective clinical investigation , at the time being with 2-year results , we have examined ACT in comparison to OCT in 20 patients with regard to clinical and histomorphological ( histology , immunohistochemistry , RES ) outcome . Results : We found equally good results with both methods in Lysholm , Meyers and Tegner Activity Scores . Histomorphologic evaluation of biopsies obtained by arthroscopy after ACT showed a defect filling in all cases , mainly with fibrous cartilage , while localized areas of hyalinelike regenerative cartilage were documented near the base . We did not see any histomorphologically visible change in the transplants after OCT . Conclusion : At the time we prefer OCT instead of ACT given the correct indication ."
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[] |
[] |
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DerChirurg.00711098.eng.abstr
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DerChirurg.00711098.eng.abstr
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"Abstract . Between 1981 and 1994 at the Bergmannsheil Ruhr University Hospital in Bochum , Germany , we treated 145 patients with femoral diaphyseal nonunions following initial operative treatment . Of these patients , 138 received this initial operative treatment at an outside institution . The primary reconstructions for the fractures utilized plates in 112 cases , reamed nails in 24 cases and external fixators in 9 cases . The average age of the patients was 35 years and the mean time from the initial operative treatment was 2 years . Twenty-seven patients ( 19 % ) presented with a hypertrophic nonunion and 118 ( 81 % ) with an atrophic nonunion . There was a significant correlation between primary \" classic \" plating and development of an atrophic nonunion ( 2-test : P 0.01 ) . We observed 34 wound infections ( 23 % ) with no significant correlation to the type of primary osteosynthesis . We determined that 73 of the pseudarthroses were due to improper osteosynthesis techniques . Of these cases , 41 % involved the use of plates , 83 % involved the use of reamed nails , and 78 % involved the use of external fixators . Fracture location near the diaphyseal-metaphyseal junctions was common in this problematic group . Ninety-two percent of all plates led to atrophic nonunions . There were 21 open fractures and of these 90 % ( n = 19 ) developed an atrophic pseudarthrosis and 29 % ( n = 6 ) developed a wound infection . Fifty-seven ( 39 % ) of all patients had additional injuries , but we found that did not increase the risk of disturbed bone healing . Our revision operations focused on the elimination of wound infections , refreshment of bone healing , and improvement in fragment stability . Only 28 % of all \" classic \" plates and 11 % of all external fixators were changed to an intramedullary implant at the time of the first revision surgery . Hypertrophic nonunions required a mean of 1.3 revision operations to achieve bone healing whereas a mean of 2 revision operations were necessary to fuse atrophic bone ends ( P 0.05 ) . In cases of diaphyseal pseudarthrosis healing time was not affected by the type of osteosynthesis used for primary reconstructions . Since lack of fracture healing can often already be observed directly from postoperative X-rays , we recommend that revision procedures be performed early . The prolonged length of time to care for femoral nonunions underlines the importance of appropriate primary fracture treatment . That takes into consideration both the biomechanical and the biological aspects of bone healing ."
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[] |
[] |
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DerChirurg.00711115.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.00711115.eng.abstr
|
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.00711115.eng.abstr-passage-0",
"type": "abstract",
"text": [
"Abstract . There is a wide range of alternatives for primary bone reconstruction in the treatment of open lower leg fractures with soft tissue damage of the type Gustillo II and III . The primary objective should always be the protection of soft tissue damage whether one uses the fixateur externe , or an unreamed nail or primary bone shortening with secondary callus distraction . In recent years , this approach has produced better results and a reduction in the rate of major amputations . The overall effects of the initial treatment can only be analysed after a number of years . Research results indicate long-term soft tissue complications of the lower leg , varying from harmless swelling to venous ulcer . We conducted a clinical investigation which compared 80 patients , who were treated between 1985 and 1994 using the venous-occlusion plethysmography , to 50 healthy individuals . Clinically significant damage of the deep venous system was found in over 50 % of cases . There was a direct correlation between the number of years since the initial treatment and the degree of damage found . Based on these findings , we recommend that the initial treatment of this condition and the preventative treatment of the secondary trauma diseases should follow regulated surgical guidelines and be recognised for insurance purposes ."
],
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[
0,
1339
]
]
}
] |
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DerChirurg.00711126.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.00711126.eng.abstr
|
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"id": "DerChirurg.00711126.eng.abstr-passage-0",
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"Abstract . Introduction : Interleukin-12-p70 ( IL-12-p70) is a potent immunoregulatory cytokine composed of a heavy chain ( p40) and a light chain ( p35). Contradicting results have been reported with regard to leukocyte release and systemic concentration of IL-12 after polytrauma . Methods : We daily analyzed systemic concentrations of IL-12 in polytrauma patients ( n = 37 , mean ISS 33.9 ) in comparison to healthy donor values during intensive care course by ELISA . Patients were divided according to their mean IL-12 levels into those with elevated IL-12 ( group 1 , n = 7 ) , those with decreased IL-12 ( group 2 , n = 4 ) and those with IL-12 in the normal range ( group 3 , n = 26 ) . Results : Patients in group 1 revealed elevated levels of IL-12 up to p70 > 1000 pg/ml and p40 > 2500 pg/ml . The common clinical feature of group 1 was a thorax trauma in combination with pneumonia ( 85 % survivors ) . Patients with single thorax trauma or pneumonia without thorax trauma ( group 3 ) showed normal IL-12 values . Patients with decreased IL-12 levels revealed also a thorax trauma and pneumonia but all patients succumbed . The groups significantly differ in their stay in the intensive care unit , in TISS , in MODS score and in respiratory ratio , but not in ISS , mean CRP values and leukocyte counts . Correlation analysis revealed no significant relation between systemically altered IL-12 values and clinical parameters , with the exception of a negative correlation of p70 and ISS ( r = -0 . 785 ) or MODS score ( r = -0 . 314 ) in group 1. Conclusions : After major injuries there is no overall suppression of IL-12 formation . Patients with normal or elevated IL-12 levels belong mainly to the survivors , whereas patients with decreased IL-12 levels are at high risk of succumbing to multi-organ failure ."
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DerChirurg.00711132.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.00711132.eng.abstr
|
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.00711132.eng.abstr-passage-0",
"type": "abstract",
"text": [
"Abstract . This study investigated multiple trauma patients , who were injured between 1991 and 1995 and treated in our department . The aim of this study was to identify the determinants of quality of life after multiple trauma . From a total of 186 patients 173 ( 93 % ) were examined . The patients were asked to rate their quality of life according to the Nottingham Health Profile ( NHP ) and to a visual analogue scale ( VAS ) . The VAS and the NHP isolated the age of the patients , the duration of artificial respiration , and the duration of rehabilitation as the predictors for a reduced overall quality of life . These results show that quality of life after multiple trauma not only depends on the severity of injury but also on demographic and psychosocial factors ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
779
]
]
}
] |
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DerChirurg.00711138.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.00711138.eng.abstr
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"Abstract . Penetrating neck injuries are potentially life-threatening injuries . Management is controversial despite decades of discussion in the literature . An algorithm for diagnosis and therapy is needed because of the potential risk of mortality . In the Department of Trauma Surgery of Vienna Medical School , mandatory surgical exploration after noninvasive investigations is practiced . Thirty-one patients with this kind of injury were treated between August 1992 and September 1999. Injuries were caused in seven cases by gunshots , in eight cases by broken glass , in one case by an iron rod , in one case by a spear , in one case by a branch and in 13 cases the penetrating injuries were stab wounds caused by knives . Complications like pseudoaneurysms and fistulas were not seen . No patient came to death ."
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[] |
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] |
DerChirurg.00711144.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.00711144.eng.abstr
|
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.00711144.eng.abstr-passage-0",
"type": "abstract",
"text": [
"Abstract . Our own series of tumors of the upper cervical spine was analyzed retrospectively . The standard treatment strategies were reevaluated . A total of nine patients ( mean age 61 years , metastasis 4 , plasmocytoma 3 , chordoma 1 , histiocytosis 1 ) were treated between 1/92 and 2/99 . A total of 12 operations were carried out . One-step procedures ( 6 ) : Three extraoral , one transoral , one dorsal and in one case combined dorsal and extraoral tumor removal were performed . Three dorsal occipitocervical or atlantoaxial stabilizations , one ventral plating and two combined ventral plating plus dorsal three-point fixations , and four vertebral body replacements were carried out . Two-step procedures ( 3 ) : three extraoral tumor removals with ventral plating plus dorsal three-point fixation , in combination with vertebral body replacement in two cases . The neurological status and the quality of life ( Karnofsky performance status , pain levels ) were analyzed preoperatively and at the follow-up outpatient examinations ( mean follow-up : 18 months ) . Flexion-extension radiographs were performed at the follow-up . There was no operative mortality . The transient morbidity was 11 % . The operative intervention improved the quality of life in all patients . Three patients died within 27 months of operation . Tumor resection at the upper cervical spine using individually modified surgical strategies over an approach corresponding to the tumor location , stabilization and vertebral body replacement increases significantly the time of survival and quality of life with an acceptable surgical risk for complications ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1645
]
]
}
] |
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[] |
[] |
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DerChirurg.00711152.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.00711152.eng.abstr
|
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"Abstract . Enchondromas are the most common bone tumors of the hand . In a retrospective study , medical records and radiographs of 112 patients were reviewed . These patients were operated on between January 1973 and June 1997. After extirpation of the tumor , the defect was preferably treated with bone grafting in 102 patients . A malignant transformation ( chondrosarcoma ) was diagnosed in 2 patients . Follow-up examination of 92 patients with a mean follow-up of 1.6 years ( range : 7 months to 14 years ) yielded excellent or good results in 76 patients ( 82.6 % ) , according to the evaluation scheme of Wilhelm and Feldmeier . Four recurrences were probably related to an incomplete resection of the tumor . The authors conclude that enchondromas of the hand should be treated surgically to prove the diagnosis and to prevent a pathologic fracture ."
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}
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] |
[] |
[] |
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DerChirurg.00711156.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.00711156.eng.abstr
|
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{
"id": "DerChirurg.00711156.eng.abstr-passage-0",
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"Abstract . Longitudinal osteocutaneous defects of the sternal region including the caudal third were reconstructed in 15 patients during a 3-year period by using the \" vertical ( VRAM ) - and transverse rectus abdominis muscle \" ( TRAM ) flap . The majority of the defects resulted from chronic osteomyelitis after previous cardiothoracic surgery or were due to former therapy of breast cancer . Three VRAM/TRAM flaps were primarily transferred as free flaps with microvascular anastomosis in the axilla region . Nine out of 12 pedicled VRAM or TRAM flaps required an additional microvascular anastomosis because of imminent venous or arterial insufficency ( \" supercharging \" ) . Therefore , operative technique and operating time of the pedicled and free flap for reconstruction of longitudinal sternal defects are comparable . Adequate reconstruction and rehabilitation was achieved in 11 cases . In 2 patients revision and partial secondary defect coverage was required . Two male patients died postoperatively due to their preexisting condition ."
],
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0,
1051
]
]
}
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DerChirurg.00711161.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.00711161.eng.abstr
|
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"id": "DerChirurg.00711161.eng.abstr-passage-0",
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"text": [
"Abstract . Introduction : Coverage of the exposed Achilles tendon requires thin , supple tissue to provide adequate range of motion and a satisfying aesthetic result for the distal lower extremity . Various local flaps and free flaps have been described for reconstruction of small and large defects . Small defects can be closed with local tissue , whereas free flap coverage may be necessary for coverage of large defects . Methods : From July 1993 to September 1998 14 patients between the age of 15 and 74 years ( mean 47 years ; 3 female , 11 male ) underwent free flap coverage for the exposed Achilles tendon due to primary trauma , chronic wounds or tumors . The mean duration of follow-up was 33.3 months . The defect size ranged from 8 x 8 to 25 x 28 cm . Results : Six parascapular flaps ( three with a vascularized scapular fascial extension ) , four radial forearm flaps and four latissimus dorsi flaps ( one combined with free serratus fascia ) were used for soft tissue coverage over the Achilles tendon . Thirteen flaps survived . In one case a parascapular flap had to be removed due to venous thrombosis and a free latissimus dorsi flap was used as secondary salvage procedure . The donor site morbidity was acceptable for most patients after flap harvesting in the subscapular region and also satisfactory in the forearm region . Average active range of motion in the upper ankle joint was 15-0-40 ° for extension/flexion . All patients were satisfied with the functional and aesthetic result . Conclusion : Soft tissue coverage over the exposed Achilles tendon requires an optimal solution for each patient to achieve an aesthetically pleasing result and acceptable function . Microvascular free flaps can be used to reconstruct medium and large defects and to provide gliding tissue for the Achilles tendon . The complication rate of microvascular flaps is comparable with that of local flaps ."
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[] |
[] |
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DerChirurg.00711172.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.00711172.eng.abstr
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[] |
[] |
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DerChirurg.00711193.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.00711193.eng.abstr
|
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.00711193.eng.abstr-passage-0",
"type": "abstract",
"text": [
"Abstract . The purpose of this review is to outline the laparoscopic-endoscopic procedures that we perform for early gastric cancer . These procedures were applied to 29 patients . Preoperative work-up included gastric endoscopy , barium X-ray examination , endoscopic ultrasonography , and histological examination , and surgery was performed in patients diagnosed as having mucosal gastric cancer for which endoscopic mucosal resection ( EMR ) was difficult . Laparoscopic wedge resection of the stomach using the lesion-lifting method , by which a wedge resection is made while pulling up the full-thickness gastric wall , was carried out in the 16 patients with lesions of the anterior wall , lesser curvature , and greater curvature of the stomach . On pathological examination of resected specimens , the surgical margin and lymphatic or venous invasion were negative in all these patients . The histological depth of the lesions was m ( mucosal cancer ) in 15 patients and sm1 ( slight cancer infiltration into the submucosal layer ) in one . This one patient later underwent gastrectomy but no lymph node metastases were found . Oral nutrition was resumed for a mean ( +/- SD ) of 2.9 +/- 0.8 days after operation , and the duration of hospitalization after operation was 12.3 +/- 3.4 days . The 13 patients with lesions of the posterior wall of the stomach and near the cardia or the pylorus received laparoscopic intragastric mucosal resection . Laparotomy was required in 1 of these patients due to intraoperative hemorrhage . The surgical margins were negative in all 12 patients in whom laparoscopic intragastric mucosal resection was successful . Lymphatic or venous invasion was positive in 2 , both of whom had sm1 cancer lesions of both of these patients were located in the cardiac region , total gastrectomy was avoided , and careful observation is continued . Oral nutrition was resumed 4.0 +/- 1.6 days after operation , and the duration of hospitalization after operation was 12.0 +/- 3.5 days . In addition , no postoperative complication was noted after either procedure , and all patients have been recurrence free for a follow-up period of 460 months . Selected properly , these laparoscopic endoscopic procedures are considered to be curative and minimally invasive treatments for early gastric cancer ."
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DerChirurg.00711207.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.00711207.eng.abstr
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"Abstract . Bile duct stones , benign lesions of the bile duct , and malignant stenoses are principal entities requiring an interdisciplinary approach to diagnosis and treatment . There are unequivocal indications for surgical and interventional approaches . In many situations sparse data do not allow for clear-cut recommendations , which leads to a competition of surgical and interventional modes of treatment . In cholecystocholedocholithiasis , therapeutic splitting - endoscopic stone extraction and laparoscopic cholecystectomy - is at present the preferred strategy . The laparoscopic approach , including common bile duct exploration , may prove advantageous in the future . Emergency situations caused by choledocholithiasis - purulent cholangitis and biliary pancreatitis - require interventional treatment . For bile duct injuries with biliary leakage and treatment of short strictures , transpapillary or transhepatic prostheses may be adequate . In extended strictures or bile duct defects , surgical repair is required . In malignant stenoses , surgical treatment provides the longest survival . If operability is excluded , an interventional approach offers substantial palliation . The results of the different forms of stents and prostheses are comparable ."
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[] |
[] |
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DerChirurg.00711217.eng.abstr
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DerChirurg.00711222.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.00711222.eng.abstr
|
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.00711222.eng.abstr-passage-0",
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"text": [
"Abstract . Introduction : Preservation of sexual function and voiding capacity after rectal cancer surgery has increased after adopting the technique of nerve-sparing dissection and total mesorectal excision . Still the rate of sexual and urinary dysfunction ranges between 25 and 67 % . The precise locations where nerve damage occurs have not been looked at systematically . Material and methods : In ten human corpses and two formalin-fixed human pelvises the autonomous pelvic nerves were isolated . Their relation according to surgical mobilization of the rectum were photodocumented . Results : Pelvic autonomous nerves are clearly defined structures with only minor interindividual variability . The inferior mesenteric plexus forms a dense network around the inferior mesenteric artery ( AMI ) to a distance of 5 cm from the aorta . The distance between the lateral rectum and the pelvic plexus is only 2-3 mm . The anterior rectum is almost directly adherent to the neurovascular bundle , separated only by Denonvillier's fascia . The parasympathetic branches of the sacral segments S2-S5 cannot be isolated using the standard surgical approach . Conclusion : ( 1 ) The nomenclature of fascias and the course of the autonomous pelvic nerves is not clearly defined in the literature ; ( 2 ) a high tie of the AMI leads to damage of the sympathetic nerves ; ( 3 ) the narrow space between the anterior and lateral rectum makes sharp dissection under direct vision necessary ; ( 4 ) fascias and nerves can be used as guiding structures during mobilization ; ( 5 ) a preservation of selected parasympathetic roots in the small pelvis is not feasible using the standard surgical approach ."
],
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1693
]
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}
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] |
[] |
[] |
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DerChirurg.00711230.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.00711230.eng.abstr
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"Abstract . Introduction : The c-K-ras2-gene ( K-ras ) encodes the p21ras protein , which participates in the transduction of mitogenic signals from the cell surface to the nucleus . About 40-50 % of colorectal cancers bear a point mutation of the K-ras codon 12 within exon I , leading to activation of the K-ras oncogene . Methods : Using a polymerase chain reaction ( PCR ) -based two-step restriction fragment length polymorphism ( 2sRFLP ) -technique , we assessed the frequency of point mutations in the first or second base of K-ras codon 12 in patients suffering from colorectal carcinoma , adenoma , and their normal colon mucosa , respectively . Results : Similar to other investigators , we found mutations in 7 out of 17 ( 41 % ) colorectal carcinomas and 1 out of 4 ( 25 % ) adenomas . Using this very sensitive 2sRFLP technique ( detection level = 0.2 % of mutated cells ) , we were able to find K-ras codon 12 mutations in normal mucosa in 4 out of 18 ( 22.2 % ) patients with colorectal neoplasia . Conclusions : This result can be explained by the phenomenon of \" field cancerization \" or by a local micrometastasis of K-ras-positive tumor cells ."
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] |
DerChirurg.00711236.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.00711236.eng.abstr
|
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.00711236.eng.abstr-passage-0",
"type": "abstract",
"text": [
"Abstract . Background : Approximately 10 % of all insulinomas - the most common neuroendocrine pancreatic tumor - occur in multiple sites of the pancreas ( e.g. , multiple endocrine neoplasia type I ) and rarely as islet cell hyperplasia . Malignant insulinomas appear in 10 % to 15 % of cases . For these special groups and for patients with a reoperation preoperative localization of the tumour is advisable . With current imaging technology , including computed tomography ( CT ) , magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI ) , ultrasonography , and somatostatin receptor scintigraphy ( SRS ) , localization of insulinomas is often inadequate . Methods : In this study we report our results using intra-arterial calcium-stimulated venous blood sampling ( ASVS ) to localize and guide the management of insulinomas for patients with a reoperation because of recurrent insulinomas or persistent hyperinsulinism , for patients with malignant neoplasm and for patients with a previous abdominal operation . Results : For all three cases the insulinomas were correctly localized by the ASVS in contrast to the preoperative imaging studies . Conclusions : Our expierence and a review of the current literature demonstrate that ASVS is a highly accurate ( sensitivity > 90 % ) and a safe method for preoperative localization of insulinomas . For patients with a reoperation ASVS is recommended and the extensive use of other costly preoperative methods should be avoided ."
],
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[
0,
1459
]
]
}
] |
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] |
DerChirurg.00711243.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.00711243.eng.abstr
|
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.00711243.eng.abstr-passage-0",
"type": "abstract",
"text": [
"Abstract . Background : Slippage ( SP ) of the stomach is the most common postoperative complication after laparoscopic adjustable silicone gastric banding ( LASGB ) for morbid obesity . Methods and patients : A randomized prospective study was constructed in order to determine whether laparoscopic placement behind the cardia ( RKP ) is associated with a lower incidence of postoperative SP and pouch dilation than after a retrogastric placement ( RGP ) of the LAP band using a common technique . Morbidly obese patients presenting for LASGB were randomized to undergo either an RKP ( n = 50 ) or an RGP ( n = 51 ) . Results : There were three postoperative SP and three pouch dilations in the RGP group versus no postoperative complication in the RKP group . Conclusions : The placement of LAP band by the RKP technique is safe and followed by a lower frequency of postoperative complications than with the RGP technique . Clear anatomical landmarks are a benefit to the education and learning curve of LASGB ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1013
]
]
}
] |
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DerChirurg.00711256.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.00711256.eng.abstr
|
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.00711256.eng.abstr-passage-0",
"type": "abstract",
"text": [
"Abstract . From 1970 to 1998 , 35 children with omphalocele ( OC ) and 31 with gastroschisis ( GS ) were treated at the Department of Paediatric Surgery at Luebeck Medical University . Forty of 43 survivors were examined in 1990 , the data of 30 patients were renewed in 1999 and 12 new cases added . Total follow-up was 1-28 years . Primary closure was possible in 25 OCs and 20 GSs . Eighteen children with OC and 8 with GS suffered from additional abnormalities , which were treated simultaneously . Twenty percent of the babies with OC died mostly because of severe congenital anomalies and 12.9 % of GS because of infectious complications in combination with other diseases . There were no more deaths in the last decade . Accordingly , there was a reduction in consecutive operations . Improvements were due to better operative and perioperative treatment as well as abortions following improved ultrasound examinations . The results of the literature and our own experience show the benefit of primary closure . A two-stage approach with dura/amnion or a silo procedure prevents high intra-abdominal pressure , therefore , indirect measurements of intra-abdominal pressure can be used exceptionally . Umbilical preservation offers better cosmetic results . Long-term follow-up reveals normal growth and development of the children except for those with severe congenital anomalies . All the others are participating without problems in normal activities and education without reduction in their quality of life . Today an isolated OC or GS is not an indication for abortion . If prenatal OC or GS is diagnosed , paediatric surgeons should be involved in the consultations ."
],
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}
] |
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[] |
[] |
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] |
DerChirurg.00711263.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.00711263.eng.abstr
|
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.00711263.eng.abstr-passage-0",
"type": "abstract",
"text": [
"Abstract . Introduction : Sufficient pain treatment is part of surgical therapy . One popular method of pain control is patient-controlled analgesia ( PCA ) , which allows the patients to apply small doses of analgesics intravenously via a pump . Patient involvement in PCA requires an exact assessment of the patient's expectations as to the treatment of pain . Methods : In a prospective study the patient's expectations of pain therapy were observed with respect to their disease and the actual intensity of pain during activities measured with a visual analogue scale ( VAS ) . Fifty-three patients were involved , using a pain questionnaire . Healthy nursing staff ( n = 44 ) served as a control group . Results : Patients with benign ( n = 29 ) or malignant ( n = 24 ) disease showed no significant difference in the VAS scores accepted from patients as aim of successful pain therapy ( 25 points in the conservatively treated group and 27 points in the group of the operatively treated patients with malignant disease , 21 points in the operatively treated group with benign disease , and 18 points in the group suffering from chronic pain of benign causes ) . The aims for pain therapy showed no correlation with the actually felt pain intensity during movement . The control group of healthy nursing staff felt less actual pain during movement , but their expectations for sufficient pain treatment were not significantly different from the study patients ( VAS 25,4 points ) ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1486
]
]
}
] |
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DerChirurg.00711270.eng.abstr
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DerChirurg.00711270.eng.abstr
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"Abstract . The SOFA score , a new system for patients with sepsis-related diseases , was introduced in 1994 by the \" Working Group on Sepsis-Related Problems of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine . \" The purpose of this study was to compare the new SOFA score with the APACHE II and MOD scores . The data on 874 patients from a surgical intensive care unit in an university hospital were analyzed using commercially available software ( SPSS for Windows , Version 7.5.2 and MS Excel ' 97 ) . To compare the different scores , receiver-operating characteristics ( ROC ) - analyses were applied . The study demonstrated a clear correlation between an elevated SOFA score and the mortality of the patients during their ICU stay ( score 0 - > mortality 0 % , 1 - > 3.6 % , 2 - > 22.5 % , 3 - > 86,7 % , respectively r = 0.445 ; P = 0,01 ) . The ROC analyses of the APACHE II , the MOD and the SOFA scores were comparable ( area under the curve : APACHE II 0.73 , MOD 0.77 , SOFA 0.71 ) . In conclusion , the SOFA score is reliable and might be useful in the daily routine of an intensive care unit ."
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DerChirurg.00711281.eng.abstr
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DerChirurg.00711281.eng.abstr
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DerChirurg.00711285.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.00711285.eng.abstr
|
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"text": [
"Abstract . Even among the uncommon aneurysms of the visceral arteries the aneurysm of the pancreaticoduodenalis artery is considered a rarity . Etiologically , numerous factors must be taken into account , the most significant one being arteriosclerosis . The clinical presentation is unspecific and ambiguous . CT and , above all , intra-arterial DSA allow for a diagnosis . A generous consideration of indicating operative intervention , even in asymptomatic patients , is especially justified because of the imminent risk of rupture . The preferrable therapy consists of elimination of the aneurysm either conventionally by proximal and distal ligature of the pancreaticoduodenalis artery or endovascularly by embolization . In the future a treatment with coated stents ( TPEG ) would also seem possible . Special attention must be paid to concomitant occlusive disease in other visceral arteries since measures for vessel reconstruction may be required because of intraoperative impairment of the collateral circulation . We report on the rupture of an aneurysm of the pancreaticoduodenal inferior artery in association with celiac axis occlusion ."
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DerChirurg.00711288.eng.abstr
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DerChirurg.00711288.eng.abstr
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[] |
[] |
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DerChirurg.00711296.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.00711296.eng.abstr
|
[
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"id": "DerChirurg.00711296.eng.abstr-passage-0",
"type": "abstract",
"text": [
"Abstract . The development of the modern intestinal suture began with the invagination operation , performed by the German surgeon P. F. Ramdohr in Wolfenbuettel in 1727. Today this fact is largely forgotten . Yet this operation stimulated not only Jobert de Lamballe ( 1824 ) but also Lembert ( 1826 ) to perform their animal experiments on sutures in the intestine . Also all later modifications of these suture techniques took into consideration the principle of invagination ."
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[] |
[] |
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DerChirurg.60670771.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.60670771.eng.abstr
|
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670771.eng.abstr-passage-0",
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"Axillary Lymph node dissection combined with resection of the primary tumor remains the standard surgical treatment for invasive breast cancer . Tumor size and the extent of axillary node involvement have the greatest influence on the prognosis and are therefore the most important indicators when planning adjuvant therapy . The extent of axillary lymph node dissection in small primary tumors and the value of resecting the internal mammary nodes are still being debated . Furthermore , the importance of axillary dissection could be influenced by other recently established factors ."
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}
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[] |
[] |
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DerChirurg.60670788.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.60670788.eng.abstr
|
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670788.eng.abstr-passage-0",
"type": "abstract",
"text": [
"The prognostic value of lymph node metastases in thyroid cancer has been a matter of controversy for many years . However , during the past decade most multivariate analyses have shown a prognostic influence of lymph node metastases in papillary as well as medullary thyroid carcinoma constituing the basis for a standardized concept of lymphadenectomy oriented to the lymph node classification of the UICC ( 1993 ) . Due to the frequency of lymph node metastases in the ipsilateral cervicocentral compartment ( 42-86 % ) , in the ipsilateral cervicolateral compartment ( 32-68 % ) , in the contralateral cervicolateral compartment ( 12-24 % ) , and in the mediastinal compartment ( 3-20 % ) , these compartments can be defined as the lymph node regions of the first , second , third and fourth order , respectively . Cervicocentral systematic lymphadenectomy should be part of the en bloc resection of the thyroid gland and the first lymph node region in any thyroid cancer . Cervicolateral as well as mediastinal lymphadenectomy should be performed according to the extent of lymph node involvement , i . e . systematically when multiple lymph node metastases are present , otherwise selectively . One exception is in medullary thyroid carcinoma , where a four-compartment lymphadenectomy is recommended in any patient with positive lymph nodes . Performing a gentle technique using magnifying glasses and bipolar coagulation forceps , systematic lymphadenectomy does not increase the rate of complications , can decrease the recurrence rate and improve survival ."
],
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DerChirurg.60670807.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.60670807.eng.abstr
|
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670807.eng.abstr-passage-0",
"type": "abstract",
"text": [
"Accidental injury of important anatomic structures is a factor frequently mentioned in the discussion of the sense of laparoscopic hernia repair via the transabdominal or extraperitoneal approach . We describe the topographic anatomy of the inguinal region and point out important structures in this area as found in our anatomic preparations of eight specimens at the Department of Anatomy of the University of Ulm . These observations are correlated with a meta-analysis of published data on complications of this new technique for inguinal hernia repair . It is concluded that complications of laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair can be avoided if the topographic anatomy of the inguinal region is sufficiently taken into consideration ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
740
]
]
}
] |
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[] |
[] |
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] |
DerChirurg.60670814.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.60670814.eng.abstr
|
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670814.eng.abstr-passage-0",
"type": "abstract",
"text": [
"Within a 10-year period , 50 patients with postoperative ulcer recurrence after gastric resection were treated ; 31 of these had one , 8 two , 5 three and 6 four previous gastric operations . Ulcer recurrence was attributed to surgery-related causes in 78 % of the cases : excessively large gastric remnant 56 % , anastomotic stenosis 18 % , loop problems 4 % . Some 22 % of the patients had causes independent of previous surgery : abuse of non-steroidal antirheumatics ( NSAR ) 10 % , hyperacidity of normal gastric remnant 6 % , Zollinger-Ellison-Syndrom 6 % . The most important co-factor of ulcer genesis was chronic abuse of NSAR ( 38 % of the total series ) . The interval between onset of complaints of ulcer disease and the last ulcer-dependent operation amounted on average to 13.8 ( 0.5-36) years . The definitive treatment of recurrent ulceration was surgery in 34 cases - indicated by ulcer complications ( 73.5 % ) or failure of medical therapy ( 26.5 % ) - and conservative treatment in 16 cases . Surgery comprised 21 re-resections , 7 thoracic truncal vagotomies , 4 total gastrectomies , 1 Whipple procedure and 1 enucleation of gastrinoma ( hospital mortality 0 % ) . During the follow-up period ( median 7.1 years , follow-up rate 96 % ) , the cumulative ulcer re-recurrence rate was 57 % for the conservatively treated group and 17.6 % for the patients treated by surgery ( p 0.05 ) . In none of the eight patients who died during long-term follow-up was the cause of death ulcer-related ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1510
]
]
}
] |
[
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670814.eng.abstr-s1-t2",
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"patients"
],
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[
29,
37
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],
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670814.eng.abstr-s1-t3",
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"text": [
"postoperative"
],
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{
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"text": [
"ulcer"
],
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DerChirurg.60670821.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.60670821.eng.abstr
|
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"Between 1983 and 1993 , 680 patients with rectal carcinoma were treated at Ulm University . The resection rate was 84 % . After undergoing radical surgery , 492 of the patients were followed up regularly at our hospital for a median of 66.9 months ( range 4-177 . 6 ) . Recurrences occured in 172 patients ( 35 % ) and were diagnosed a median of 13 months ( range 4-106 months ) postoperatively : 9.4 % had regional recurrences , 10.4 % regional recurrences and distant metastases and 10.2 % distant metastases . The 10-year survival rate of the patients in tumour stages I , II and III was 88 % , 62 % , and 32 % . In patients with carcinoma of the midrectum , after anterior resection or abdominoperineal amputation the same local recurrence rate was found ."
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0,
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[] |
[] |
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},
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},
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670821.eng.abstr-s7-r1-t2.1-t6.1",
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},
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"id": "DerChirurg.60670821.eng.abstr-s7-r3-t3.1-t5.1",
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"arg2_id": "DerChirurg.60670821.eng.abstr-s7-t5",
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670821.eng.abstr-s7-r4-t6.1-t2.1",
"type": "result_of",
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"arg2_id": "DerChirurg.60670821.eng.abstr-s7-t2",
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670821.eng.abstr-s7-r5-t2.1-t1.1",
"type": "occurs_in",
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"arg2_id": "DerChirurg.60670821.eng.abstr-s7-t1",
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},
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"id": "DerChirurg.60670821.eng.abstr-s7-r6-t3.1-t2.1",
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},
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"arg2_id": "DerChirurg.60670821.eng.abstr-s7-t1",
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670821.eng.abstr-s7-r8-t1.1-t5.1",
"type": "performs",
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},
{
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670821.eng.abstr-s7-r10-t4.1-t5.1",
"type": "location_of",
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},
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"id": "DerChirurg.60670821.eng.abstr-s7-r11-t4.1-t2.1",
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"arg2_id": "DerChirurg.60670821.eng.abstr-s7-t2",
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}
] |
DerChirurg.60670833.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.60670833.eng.abstr
|
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670833.eng.abstr-passage-0",
"type": "abstract",
"text": [
"The performance of new cryoprobes was studied by measuring the spatial and temporal patterns of the temperature distribution in liver tissue around one to three active cryoprobes . After 15 min of maximal freezing a tissue region 22 mm in diameter was frozen to temperatures below - 50 °C by one active cryoprobe . With three cryoprobes , using the synergistic cooling effect , a tissue region 45 mm in diameter was cooled to temperatures below - 50 °C. Optimal placement of the cryoprobes was found to be of critical importance ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
530
]
]
}
] |
[
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"temperature"
],
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100,
111
]
],
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},
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"db_id": "C0005903"
}
]
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670833.eng.abstr-s1-t2",
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],
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}
]
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670833.eng.abstr-s1-t3",
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"liver"
],
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133
]
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}
]
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670833.eng.abstr-s1-t4",
"type": "umlsterm",
"text": [
"tissue"
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134,
140
]
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}
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670833.eng.abstr-s2-t1",
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"freezing"
],
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[
205,
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]
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]
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670833.eng.abstr-s2-t2",
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"tissue"
],
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216,
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]
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}
]
},
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"id": "DerChirurg.60670833.eng.abstr-s2-t3",
"type": "umlsterm",
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"temperatures"
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262,
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]
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670833.eng.abstr-s3-t1",
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"tissue"
],
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380,
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]
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}
]
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670833.eng.abstr-s3-t2",
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"temperatures"
],
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426,
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]
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"db_id": "C0039476"
},
{
"db_name": "UMLS",
"db_id": "C0005903"
}
]
}
] |
[] |
[] |
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670833.eng.abstr-s1-r1-t3.1-t1.2",
"type": "associated_with",
"arg1_id": "DerChirurg.60670833.eng.abstr-s2-t3",
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},
{
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{
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},
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"id": "DerChirurg.60670833.eng.abstr-s1-r6-t2.1-t1.2",
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670833.eng.abstr-s1-r7-t4.1-t3.1",
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670833.eng.abstr-s1-r8-t2.1-t3.1",
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},
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"id": "DerChirurg.60670833.eng.abstr-s1-r9-t2.1-t4.1",
"type": "surrounds",
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"arg2_id": "DerChirurg.60670833.eng.abstr-s1-t4",
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670833.eng.abstr-s1-r10-t3.1-t4.1",
"type": "produces",
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"arg2_id": "DerChirurg.60670833.eng.abstr-s1-t4",
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670833.eng.abstr-s1-r11-t4.1-t2.1",
"type": "location_of",
"arg1_id": "DerChirurg.60670833.eng.abstr-s1-t4",
"arg2_id": "DerChirurg.60670833.eng.abstr-s3-t2",
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670833.eng.abstr-s2-r1-t3.2-t1.1",
"type": "result_of",
"arg1_id": "DerChirurg.60670833.eng.abstr-s2-t3",
"arg2_id": "DerChirurg.60670833.eng.abstr-s3-t1",
"normalized": []
}
] |
DerChirurg.60670839.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.60670839.eng.abstr
|
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670839.eng.abstr-passage-0",
"type": "abstract",
"text": [
"Ischemic preconditioning ( IP ) , using one or more brief periods of ischemia , each followed by a short reperfusion phase , improves tolerance of subsequent sustained ischemia in different organs . The aim of this experimental study was to evaluate the effects of IP on postischemic function in skeletal muscle . Right hindlimbs of anesthetized rats were pretreated with three cycles each of 10 min of ischemia and 10 min of reperfusion ( n = 12 ) . Non-preconditioned animals ( n = 12 ) served as controls . These hindlimbs were then subjected to 3 h of ischemia and 2 h of reperfusion . IP resulted in a significant increase in postischemic skeletal muscle force ( 240 +/- 47 mN vs 409 +/- 63 mN ) , force-time integral ( 1081 +/- 242 mN*s vs 2546 +/- 481 mN*s) and endurance ( 29.6 +/- 3.4 s vs 48.0 +/- 5.0 s ) . These data support the potential of IP to reduce postischemic skeletal muscle damage in surgery of the extremities using tourniquet ischemia . The concept deserves clinical evaluation ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1003
]
]
}
] |
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670839.eng.abstr-s1-t1",
"type": "umlsterm",
"text": [
"Ischemic"
],
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[
0,
8
]
],
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"db_id": "C0022116"
}
]
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670839.eng.abstr-s1-t2",
"type": "umlsterm",
"text": [
"periods"
],
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[
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]
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}
]
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670839.eng.abstr-s1-t3",
"type": "umlsterm",
"text": [
"ischemia"
],
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[
69,
77
]
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{
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"db_id": "C0022116"
}
]
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670839.eng.abstr-s1-t4",
"type": "umlsterm",
"text": [
"reperfusion"
],
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105,
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]
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"db_id": "C0035124"
}
]
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670839.eng.abstr-s1-t5",
"type": "umlsterm",
"text": [
"ischemia"
],
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[
168,
176
]
],
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"db_id": "C0022116"
}
]
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670839.eng.abstr-s1-t6",
"type": "umlsterm",
"text": [
"Ischemic preconditioning"
],
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[
0,
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],
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"db_id": "C0376466"
}
]
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670839.eng.abstr-s2-t1",
"type": "umlsterm",
"text": [
"aim"
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203,
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]
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"db_id": "C0108800"
}
]
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670839.eng.abstr-s2-t2",
"type": "umlsterm",
"text": [
"function"
],
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[
284,
292
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "UMLS",
"db_id": "C0031843"
}
]
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670839.eng.abstr-s2-t3",
"type": "umlsterm",
"text": [
"muscle"
],
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[
305,
311
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "UMLS",
"db_id": "C0026845"
}
]
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670839.eng.abstr-s2-t4",
"type": "umlsterm",
"text": [
"skeletal muscle"
],
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296,
311
]
],
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"db_name": "UMLS",
"db_id": "C0242695"
}
]
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670839.eng.abstr-s3-t1",
"type": "umlsterm",
"text": [
"Right"
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314,
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"db_id": "C0035621"
}
]
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670839.eng.abstr-s3-t2",
"type": "umlsterm",
"text": [
"hindlimbs"
],
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320,
329
]
],
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"db_id": "C0019549"
}
]
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670839.eng.abstr-s3-t3",
"type": "umlsterm",
"text": [
"rats"
],
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}
]
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670839.eng.abstr-s3-t4",
"type": "umlsterm",
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"ischemia"
],
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403,
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]
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"db_id": "C0022116"
}
]
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670839.eng.abstr-s3-t5",
"type": "umlsterm",
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],
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426,
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"db_id": "C0035124"
}
]
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670839.eng.abstr-s4-t1",
"type": "umlsterm",
"text": [
"animals"
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"db_id": "C0003043"
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}
]
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670839.eng.abstr-s4-t2",
"type": "umlsterm",
"text": [
"controls"
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],
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{
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"db_id": "C0243148"
}
]
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670839.eng.abstr-s5-t1",
"type": "umlsterm",
"text": [
"hindlimbs"
],
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516,
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] |
[] |
[] |
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}
] |
DerChirurg.60670843.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.60670843.eng.abstr
|
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670843.eng.abstr-passage-0",
"type": "abstract",
"text": [
"The current standard therapy of aortic graft infection is connected with a high incidence of operative and late complications . The usefulness of autogenous tissue revascularization techniques as promising therapeutic alternatives is limited by the complexity of these procedures and by the lack of suitable donor vessels . Since several authors have shown that serious venous stasis of the donor leg does not occur after superficial femoral vein ( SFV ) resection , we have started to use this deep leg vein for arterial in situ reconstructions in the treatment of aortic graft infection . During the past 3 years seven patients have received autogenous SFV grafts in this way . There were no intraoperative deaths . Two critically ill patients with severe Pseudomonas sepsis and extensive retroperitoneal abscess each died on the 4th postoperative day , due to acute massive bleeding in the operating area . In all of the five survivors infection could be eradicated ; only one limb had to be amputated . Mild to moderate transient swelling of the lower extremity without stasis was regularly seen after SFV resection . During follow-up one patient died of cardiac arrest 5 months postoperatively . The remaining four patients are still alive with patent SFV grafts at 6 , 22 , 30 and 36 months after the operation ."
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[] |
[] |
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] |
DerChirurg.60670850.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.60670850.eng.abstr
|
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670850.eng.abstr-passage-0",
"type": "abstract",
"text": [
"Mentosternal contractures still represent a surgical challenge due to their exposed location . They require early operative treatment for both functional as well as aesthetic reasons . Careful clinical examination of scar location and traction forces both in the resting and functional , moving state including proper evaluation of the surrounding soft tissue is mandatory for exact preoperative planning of the reconstructive surgical procedure required . In general , the technically most feasible operation is favoured , if functional and aesthetic results are good and the postoperative risk of recurrent mentosternal contractures is low . Between 1987 and 1994 , 21 patients with cervical , mentosternal and mentothoracic contractures underwent operative procedures at our clinic . Eight patients underwent a surgical reconstruction with local flaps and 13 patients received a free microvascularized flap ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
911
]
]
}
] |
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670850.eng.abstr-s1-t1",
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"contractures"
],
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[
13,
25
]
],
"normalized": [
{
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"db_id": "C0009917"
}
]
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670850.eng.abstr-s1-t2",
"type": "umlsterm",
"text": [
"surgical"
],
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[
44,
52
]
],
"normalized": [
{
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"db_id": "C0038895"
}
]
},
{
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"treatment"
],
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[
124,
133
]
],
"normalized": [
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},
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}
]
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670850.eng.abstr-s3-t1",
"type": "umlsterm",
"text": [
"scar"
],
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[
217,
221
]
],
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670850.eng.abstr-s3-t2",
"type": "umlsterm",
"text": [
"traction"
],
"offsets": [
[
235,
243
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "UMLS",
"db_id": "C0040597"
}
]
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DerChirurg.60670858.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.60670858.eng.abstr
|
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670858.eng.abstr-passage-0",
"type": "abstract",
"text": [
"A 26-year-old woman was operated on because of a suspected infectious pseudocyst of the pancreas . A large cyst was found on the body of the pancreas . During laparotomy a biopsy specimen was taken from the cystic wall , but no evidence of a tumor was obtained . On the basis of these intraoperative findings , a cystogastrostomy was performed and the patient had an uneventful postoperative course . The patient presented 8 years later with a recurrent cyst and was operated . As there was a suspicion of a cystic neoplasm , total resection of the cyst was performed . Based on the histological findings a noninvasive mucinous cystadenocarcinoma of the pancreas was diagnosed . We believe that from the beginning this cyst was a noninvasive mucinous cystadenocarcinoma . Following the complete resection the clinical course was favorable for 8 more years without evidence of recurrence or metastases ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
902
]
]
}
] |
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[] |
[] |
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DerChirurg.60670862.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.60670862.eng.abstr
|
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670862.eng.abstr-passage-0",
"type": "abstract",
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"The probability of adverse and undesirable events during and after operations that have not yet occurred in a finite number of patients ( n ) can be estimated using Hanley's simple formula , which gives the upper limit of the 95 % confidence interval for the probability of such an event : Maximum risk = upper limit of 95 % confidence interval = 3/n ( for n > 30 ) ."
],
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0,
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}
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[] |
[] |
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{
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DerChirurg.60670869.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.60670869.eng.abstr
|
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670869.eng.abstr-passage-0",
"type": "abstract",
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"Lymphatic spread of bronchial carcinoma can reach any part of the mediastinum , irrespective of the localisation of the primary tumor . Metastatic spread may not affect al topographical lymph node positions , but this is unpredictable . The number of lymph nodes in each position varies . Therefore , systematic mediastinal lymph node dissection includes all ipsilateral compartments of the mediastinum . It is also possible to reach contralateral sites . In right-sided thoracotomies the lymph node dissection is standardized . Mobilizing the aortic arch and the large vessels also allows complete mediastinal dissection by a left-sided approach . The surgical technique is described . Perioperative morbidity does not increase . Systematic mediastinal lymph node dissection is the gold standard for evaluation of an exact pN stage . The stage-related survival rate is significantly improved . Therefore , it should be required that systematic mediastinal lymph node dissection be standard in the surgical treatment of bronchial carcinoma ."
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DerChirurg.60670877.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.60670877.eng.abstr
|
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670877.eng.abstr-passage-0",
"type": "abstract",
"text": [
"Similar to other tumor entities , complete tumor removal with an adequate safety margin in all three dimensions ( the oral margin , the aboral margins and the tumor bed ) must be the primary aim of any surgical approach to carcinoma of the upper gastrointestinal tract . The same goal has to be achieved in the area of the lymphatic drainage . All positive nodes and nodes with a so-called ' microinvolvement ' have to be removed together with the primary tumor . The safety margin of lymphadenectomy can be estimated by the lymph node ratio , i . e . the ratio between the number of removed and positive nodes . Several studies have shown that for carcinoma of the upper gastrointestinal tract the prognosis can be improved markedly if the lymph node ratio is below 0.2. For tumors in the early phase of lymphatic metastasis this can be achieved by extensive lymph node dissection . In practice , this requires as a minimum a lymphadenectomy of compartments I and II of the tumor's lymphatic drainage ( D2 lymphadenectomy ) . The individual compartments are determined by the embryogenesis of the affected organ and defined by the tumor location . In patients with advanced lymphatic metastases , lymphadenectomy does not improve the prognosis and can only result in a reduction of local recurrences . Lymphadenectomy does not increase the risk and morbidity of the surgical procedure , provided it is restricted to the removal of nodes . These basic principles of lymphadenectomy are valid for carcinomas of the esophagus , cardia and stomach ."
],
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DerChirurg.60670889.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.60670889.eng.abstr
|
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670889.eng.abstr-passage-0",
"type": "abstract",
"text": [
"Systematic lymphadenectomy for colorectal cancer aims to remove potentially metastatic lymph nodes from the tumor's drainage basin . This requires knowledge of normal lymphatic anatomy and metastatic routes . Systematic lymphadenectomy performed as a standard or as an extended resection is a prerequisite for pathologic tumor staging . An intensive search by the pathologist for lymph node metastases is critical for precise staging . Recommendations as to the extent of lymphadenectomy are derived from potential improvement of prognosis and procedure-related complications ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
577
]
]
}
] |
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{
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],
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{
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] |
DerChirurg.60670907.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.60670907.eng.abstr
|
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670907.eng.abstr-passage-0",
"type": "abstract",
"text": [
"In 1994 the number of kidney donors once again decreased in Germany . On the other hand , more and more old people are being considered for renal transplantation ; thus the shortage of transplants is becoming more severe . The kidneys of elderly donors might improve this situation . The results available are inconsistent . There is no doubt that kidney function declines with age , but the individual aging process depends mainly on concomitant disease , especially arterial hypertension . Transplantation of kidney from an elderly person requires appropriate selection of donors as well as good perioperative management . Doctors in medical intensive care units should contact transplant centres more often to evaluate potential elderly kidney donors . More open-minded assessment of certain situations is necessary in conservative medical disciplines ."
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] |
[] |
[] |
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] |
DerChirurg.60670915.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.60670915.eng.abstr
|
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670915.eng.abstr-passage-0",
"type": "abstract",
"text": [
"In 348 patients with an initial diagnosis of rectal carcinoma operated on between 1985 and 1994 we investigated the quality of lymph node dissection , its influence on the perioperative risk and tumor staging . The same histopathological work-up was carried out in all cases . Whether resections or extirpations were performed , the number of dissected lymph nodes increased from 5.3 and ( 1985/1986 ) to 16.7 and 17.3 ( 1991/1992 ) and to 15.8 and 17.3 ( 1993/1994 ) respectively . Neither the type of operation nor the surgeon's experience had a significant influence on the number of lymph nodes dissected . The increase in the number of lymph nodes dissected had no negative effect on the length of the operation , the amount of blood infused during the operation or the perioperative risk . We found a significant correlation between the number of lymph nodes dissected and the number of lymph node metastases ( P = 0.02 ) and between an increase in UICC stage III ( P = 0.005 ) and pN2 tumors ( P = 0.000 ) and an increase in the number of lymph nodes dissected . Central lymph node dissection by high ligation of the inferior mesenteric artery did not increase the perioperative risk in spite of the fact that in recent years we have observed more patients with multiple diseases ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1288
]
]
}
] |
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[] |
[] |
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DerChirurg.60670921.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.60670921.eng.abstr
|
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"With a response rate of 60.6 % to a questionnaire sent out in 1994 it is possible to give an overview of the situation in hernia surgery at the 142 surgical clinics of Switzerland . In general , regional anesthesia is the preferred method ( 67.4 % ) . Together , Shouldice repair and fascia transversalis repair cover over 90 % of the repair techniques in primary hernias . In recurrent hernias the same techniques dominate ( 70.2 % ) a large spectrum of different operation methods ; implantation of foreign materials is rare ( 5.9 % ) . Only 4.5 % of all Swiss surgical clinics have some experience with endoscopic hernia surgery ."
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[] |
[] |
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DerChirurg.60670933.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.60670933.eng.abstr
|
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670933.eng.abstr-passage-0",
"type": "abstract",
"text": [
"A prospective follow-up study was undertaken in patients undergoing surgical therapy for primary hyperparathyroidism to establish the frequency of concomitant surgical procedures and their influence on the morbidity of cervical exploration . From 1 August 1987 to 15 October 1995 , 231 patients underwent cervical exploration for primary hyperparathyroidism . In 16 patients 18 ( 7.8 % ) concomitant abdominal and thoracic surgical procedures as well as surgical interventions for soft-tissue tumors were performed . A total of 133 patients ( 57.6 % ) underwent thyroid resections of varying extent ; 4.8 % had carcinoma of the thyroid . Catamnestic data were obtained on the basis of a standardized follow-up in 94.4 % of all patients ( 1-9 follow-up examinations in 216 patients ) . Hematoma occurred after adrenalectomy in a patient undergoing a concomitant extracervical procedure . In patients with a first manifestation of primary hyperparathyroidism due to a solitary parathyroid adenoma ( n = 189 ) , an increase in the morbidity of parathyroid surgery performed in combination with a thyroid resection was observed . Furthermore , a relationship was established between the number of intraoperatively identified parathyroid glands and the incidence of permanent hypoparathyroidism ( permanent hypoparathyroidism : initial cervical intervention with parathyroid exploration alone , 2.2 % ; with concomitant thyroid resection , 6.5 % ; after secondary thyroid resection and parathyroid exploration alone , 0 % ; after concomitant thyroid resection , 28.6 % ; four parathyroid glands identified intraoperatively , 3.1 % ; fewer than four parathyroid glands identified , 8.2 % ) . The increase in the morbidity of parathyroid surgery in combination with thyroid resection is justifiable , because unsuspected thyroid carcinomas can potentially be treated curatively ."
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DerChirurg.60670940.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.60670940.eng.abstr
|
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{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670940.eng.abstr-passage-0",
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"Hemorrhoidal disease is the most common pathophysiologic abnormality in the anus in the western civilized world . Sixty years after publication of the method in The Lancet , hemorrhoidectomy according to Milligan and Morgan and modifications of their method are still considered the standard procedure in cases of advanced hemorrhoidal disease . During the last 5 years , 107 patients underwent hemorrhoidectomy in the Department of Surgery at the University of Cologne . In most of these patients , the operation followed Milligan and Morgan's method . There were 69 males and 38 females with a mean age of 47.9 years . Mean length of hospital stay was 4.5 days . We saw one case of postoperative bleeding that required operative review . The patients ' risk profile ( age , concomitant diseases , ASA classification ) did not influence the length of the hospital stay . Operative hemorrhoidectomy according to Milligan and Morgan allows a short stay in hospital according to the individual needs of the patient , with a high degree of safety concerning possible postoperative complications ."
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[] |
[] |
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] |
DerChirurg.60670944.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.60670944.eng.abstr
|
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670944.eng.abstr-passage-0",
"type": "abstract",
"text": [
"Right hemihepatectomy is an anatomically based major resection technique for primary and metastatic liver cancer . The most dangerous step in the procedure is to mobilize the right liver lobe from the retroperitoneum and the inferior vena cava . Large tumors or those with extension to the diaphragm , adrenal gland , or kidney may be more easily resected if a frontal approach to dividing the liver is followed . After dissection of the hilus , the liver is divided and during this step all vessels draining to the vena cava are separated . Then , the right liver lobe is mobilized together with surrounding structures if necessary , but with no significant risk of bleeding . Our experience in four patients operated on for metastases or different primary tumors demonstrates that this frontal approach may be safely used and allows minimal manipulation of the tumor . Intraoperative ultrasound may be helpful in the detection of the middle and right hepatic vein ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
967
]
]
}
] |
[
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"id": "DerChirurg.60670944.eng.abstr-s2-t2",
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},
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"id": "DerChirurg.60670944.eng.abstr-s2-t4",
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DerChirurg.60670949.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.60670949.eng.abstr
|
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670949.eng.abstr-passage-0",
"type": "abstract",
"text": [
"A mini-laparotomy as described by Hasson was used in a modified way in 1000 laparoscopic procedures . In comparison with the insertion of a Veress needle we find the open approach to be a safer and quicker way of obtaining pneumoperitoneum ."
],
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[
0,
241
]
]
}
] |
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670949.eng.abstr-s1-t1",
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2,
17
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"id": "DerChirurg.60670949.eng.abstr-s2-t1",
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147,
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{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670949.eng.abstr-s2-t2",
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"open"
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166,
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{
"db_name": "UMLS",
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] |
[] |
[] |
[
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{
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] |
DerChirurg.60670952.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.60670952.eng.abstr
|
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670952.eng.abstr-passage-0",
"type": "abstract",
"text": [
"The essential limitations of laparoscopic procedures - lack of palpation , problematic retrieval of specimen and anastomosis , etc. - are abolished by the hand of the surgeon , which is inserted into the peritoneal cavity through a mini-laparotomy . While holding the pneumoperitoneum , the hand acts as an intelligent instrument performing surgical exploration , exposition of the field of operation , blunt dissection or intracorporal knot-tying . The mini-laparotomy is used to insert conventional instruments and suture material , as well as for specimen retrieval and anastomosis . Our preliminary experience ( 3 x splenectomy , 2 x sigmoid colectomy , 1 x anterior resection of rectum , 1 x proctocolectomy with J-pouch ) shows that even extensive laparoscopic operations are accomplished much more simply . The time spent for such procedures is markedly reduced ."
],
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[
0,
870
]
]
}
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{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670952.eng.abstr-s1-t2",
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"id": "DerChirurg.60670952.eng.abstr-s1-t3",
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204,
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}
]
}
] |
[] |
[] |
[
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},
{
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670952.eng.abstr-s1-r8-t4.1-t1.1",
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{
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{
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670952.eng.abstr-s1-r11-t3.1-t1.1",
"type": "location_of",
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{
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},
{
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670952.eng.abstr-s2-r2-t1.1-t2.1",
"type": "location_of",
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670952.eng.abstr-s2-r3-t4.2-t2.1",
"type": "uses",
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{
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670952.eng.abstr-s4-r1-t4.1-t1.1",
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"arg2_id": "DerChirurg.60670952.eng.abstr-s5-t1",
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670952.eng.abstr-s4-r2-t4.1-t6.1",
"type": "location_of",
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},
{
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{
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{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670952.eng.abstr-s4-r5-t2.1-t6.1",
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{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670952.eng.abstr-s4-r6-t2.1-t3.1",
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}
] |
DerChirurg.60670959.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.60670959.eng.abstr
|
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670959.eng.abstr-passage-0",
"type": "abstract",
"text": [
"Carcinomas of the bronchi often infiltrate veins , particularly in advanced stages . Tumor propagation in pulmonary veins with intra-atrial extension has been reported . Systemic arterial tumor embolism is a potentially fatal hazard that is caused by surgery or it can be the initial manifestation of a bronchogenic carcinoma . The importance of early pulmonary venous ligation in lung cancer surgery , first stressed by Aylwin in 1951 , is evident , particularly when intravenous tumor progression has been diagnosed preoperatively by echocardiography or CT scan . We report a case of lethal hemispheric brain infarction following tumor embolism during lobectomy for bronchus carcinoma . A review of the literature on this subject is presented ; there were 38 cases of arterial tumor embolism because of primary lung neoplasms ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
829
]
]
}
] |
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670959.eng.abstr-s1-t1",
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0,
10
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{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670959.eng.abstr-s1-t2",
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"bronchi"
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18,
25
]
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"db_id": "C0006255"
}
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{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670959.eng.abstr-s1-t3",
"type": "umlsterm",
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"veins"
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[
43,
48
]
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{
"db_name": "UMLS",
"db_id": "C0042449"
}
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{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670959.eng.abstr-s1-t4",
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"stages"
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{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670959.eng.abstr-s2-t1",
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{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670959.eng.abstr-s2-t2",
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116,
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{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670959.eng.abstr-s2-t3",
"type": "umlsterm",
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"pulmonary veins"
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106,
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DerChirurg.60670980.eng.abstr
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DerChirurg.60670980.eng.abstr
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"None of the human gene transfer studies to date has shown definitive proof of clinical efficacy , despite more than 100 clinical protocols involving nearly 600 patients . In spite of the lack of positive results , tremendous hope permeates the field , biotechnology companies are getting started and raising millions of dollars from venture capital , and patients all over the world are agreeing to enroll in protocols involving this technology . Critics of the field claim that gene therapy has been overemphasized by researchers in academia , government and industry and by the scientific and popular media . Supporters of the field argue that the state of gene therapy is no different than other experimental therapies in its early stages . During the early stages of chemotherapy , agents were tested on hundreds of patients , often with a similar level of hope and no clinical effects . Despite the many controversies , one issue is shared by both groups : all of them recognize the tremendous potential of this technology to have an impact on human disease and share hope for long-term results ."
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] |
DerChirurg.60670984.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.60670984.eng.abstr
|
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60670984.eng.abstr-passage-0",
"type": "abstract",
"text": [
"The clinical course of 12 patients with mushroom poisoning was evaluated in order to define the parameters considered to be relevant to the indication for liver transplantation . Eight patients recovered under conservative therapy ; one patient died due to pre-existing , concomitant cardiopulmonary disease . In three patients transplantations had to be performed because of severe liver failure . On admission , the transplanted patients had a decreased Quick's test score and factor V value ( 10 % ) . The peak of liver enzymes , serum bilirubin , serum creatinine , partial thromboplastin time and azotemia were not of any prognostic value . Main indications for liver transplantation were a very low initial Quick's test score and factor V value ( both 10 % ) and their inadequate response under substitution therapy . The development of encephalopathy and renal failure were further parameters indicating poor prognosis ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
927
]
]
}
] |
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{
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}
] |
[] |
[] |
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] |
DerChirurg.60671002.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.60671002.eng.abstr
|
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671002.eng.abstr-passage-0",
"type": "abstract",
"text": [
"Sinde the introduction of the bladder drainage technique , the number of pancreas transplants performed has now reached 1000/year worldwide . Most of these transplants have been performed in the United States . In contrast , the number of pancreas transplants performed in the Eurotransplant community has remained at a low level for several years . The results of a consecutive series of 20 simultaneous pancreas/kidney grafts ( SPK ) performed between June 1994 and October 1995 demonstrate that high graft function rates of 83.5 % for pancreas and kidney grafts can be achieved . Therefore SPK can be recommended as a standard procedure for patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and end-stage renal disease in Germany , too ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
740
]
]
}
] |
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] |
DerChirurg.60671007.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.60671007.eng.abstr
|
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671007.eng.abstr-passage-0",
"type": "abstract",
"text": [
"In 96 patients ( ductal pancreatic carcinoma , n = 34 ; periampullary carcinoma , n = 43 ; chronic pancreatitis , n = 19 ) the role of CA 19-9 in the diagnosis of lesions of the head of the pancreas were evaluated . The sensitivity for ductal pancreatic carcinoma was 73.3 % , for periampullary carcinoma 48.8 % , and specificity was 63.2 % . Carcinoembryonic antigen was elevated only in every fifth patient . Even when combining the two tumor markers no increase in sensitivity could be observed . The low specificity of 63 % , which decreased to 33 % in the case of obstructive jaundice , does not allow adequate preoperative differentiation between cancer patients and those with chronic pancreatitis . In cases of postoperatively elevated CA 19-9 level the prognosis is worse than in patients with normal tumor markers ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
825
]
]
}
] |
[
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],
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14
]
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671007.eng.abstr-s1-t2",
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],
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[
24,
34
]
],
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671007.eng.abstr-s1-t3",
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],
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],
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{
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"text": [
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DerChirurg.60671012.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.60671012.eng.abstr
|
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671012.eng.abstr-passage-0",
"type": "abstract",
"text": [
"We report on three female patients with solid pseudopapillary tumors of the pancreas . The histogenetic origin of this entity is still unclear . The tumor , usually occurring in young women , forms large masses ( up to 10 cm in diameter ) before becoming symptomatic . Metastases have very rarely been reported . In contrast to other pancreatic tumors , the main pancreatic duct was displaced , but of normal caliber without stenosis , in all our patients . Despite the large size of the tumors , they were curatively resected in all three cases . Two of the tumors infiltrated the parenchyma or adipose tissue of the pancreas but did not spread into the lymph nodes or other organs . All of the patients are alive and without signs of tumor recurrence up to 8 years after surgical resection ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
793
]
]
}
] |
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DerChirurg.60671016.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.60671016.eng.abstr
|
[
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[] |
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DerChirurg.60671020.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.60671020.eng.abstr
|
[
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"id": "DerChirurg.60671020.eng.abstr-passage-0",
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"text": [
"The reappearance of incisional hernias after reconstruction depends on the size and tension of the hernia . An additional risk factor is the number of operations that have been performed before . There are two decisive factors that influence the rate of recurrence : the operation technique and the tension applied . To reach a functional reconstruction the incisional hernia must be closed and the abdominal wall must be joined together in an anatomical way . The technique used must be able to tolerate the tension which is necessary to close the abdominal wall . Application of arbitrary tension produces a high rate of recurrence , irrespective of the kind of reconstruction used . Through the intraoperative measurement of the tension applied one can match each hernia ( according to size , value and tension ) to the most suitable technique . Here the inlay/onlay technique tolerates the highest tension , up to 3.5 kp . With this method and a maximum tension of 3.5 kp we achieved a complete functional reconstruction in 65 % of cases and our rate of recurrence amounted to 2.3 % ."
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0,
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[] |
[] |
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{
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}
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DerChirurg.60671028.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.60671028.eng.abstr
|
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671028.eng.abstr-passage-0",
"type": "abstract",
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"In a retrospective study on 245 patients we evaluated the results of 272 incisional hernia repairs in the Department Surgery of the University Hospital Aachen . The group consisted of 58 % male and 42 % female patients with a mean age of 61.1 years and 111 primary and 161 recurrent incisional hernias . Conventional techniques ( simple closure , Mayo ) and alloplastic repairs were performed in 69.9 and 30.1 % , respectively . During the last 4 years we predominantly used the preperitoneal mesh repair with polypropylene mesh ( Marlex ) . The results of 87 % of our group of patients were evaluated by questionnaire and information from the family physicians ( mean follow-up period 64 months ) . The patients who underwent preperitoneal mesh repair were examined clinically and with ultrasound . In comparison to the results of conventional hernia repair , early complications ( seroma , hematoma ) were higher . The recurrence rate , however , was significantly lower in this group with mesh repair ( 6.8 % ) than in patients without alloplastic augmentation ( 32.6 % ) . Whereas preperitoneal mesh repair is convincingly the ideal surgical technique , optimization of the alloplastic materials by reduction of the amount of foreign substance and improvement of elasticity and biocompatibility is mandatory ."
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[] |
[] |
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] |
DerChirurg.60671036.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.60671036.eng.abstr
|
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671036.eng.abstr-passage-0",
"type": "abstract",
"text": [
"In a prospective study , from June 1992 to February 1994 94 patients with 100 hernias were treated laparoscopically ( TAPP ) and from March 1993 to November 1994 100 patients with 108 hernias were treated with a Lichtenstein patch . Concerning duration of operation , postoperative outcome , complications and return to work , only minor differences were noted . Because of the more demanding and difficult technique , all TAPP procedures were performed by one surgeon , whereas all 11 surgeons of the department performed the Lichtenstein procedure without any learning curve , which demonstrates the simplicity of the procedure . A higher recurrence rate was found for the TAPP procedure ( 8 vs 0 ) , however the learning curve has to be considered . The Lichtenstein operation is easy to learn and perform , safe , efficient , cheaper ( 750 DM ) and therefore superior to the TAPP procedure . A planned randomized study was cancelled ; laparoscopic hernia repair is no longer carried out in our department ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1010
]
]
}
] |
[
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],
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30,
34
]
],
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"db_id": "C0162508"
}
]
},
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"patients"
],
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[
60,
68
]
],
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},
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"hernias"
],
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[
78,
85
]
],
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{
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671036.eng.abstr-s1-t4",
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"text": [
"TAPP"
],
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[
118,
122
]
],
"normalized": [
{
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],
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166,
174
]
],
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671036.eng.abstr-s1-t6",
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],
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[
184,
191
]
],
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671036.eng.abstr-s1-t7",
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"text": [
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],
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212,
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]
],
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] |
DerChirurg.60671047.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.60671047.eng.abstr
|
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671047.eng.abstr-passage-0",
"type": "abstract",
"text": [
"A possible intraoperative complication of laparoscopic cholecystectomy is opening of the gallbladder with subsequent loss of gallstones . We report on a 61-year-old woman who was hospitalised with an obscure subhepatic tumor . Intraoperatively an abscess was found that had been caused by lost gallstones following after laparoscopic cholecystectomy 3 years previously . There is a low incidence of late abscesses caused by loss of gallstones , but because of the long latency and unspecific symptoms there may be problems in diagnosis . Taking into consideration possible complications caused by intraoperative loss of gallstones , all concrements should be retrieved , even though there is no indication for changing to an open procedure ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
741
]
]
}
] |
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DerChirurg.60671053.eng.abstr
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DerChirurg.60671053.eng.abstr
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"Rudolf Nissen was born in Neisse , Schlesien , 9 September 1896. From 1921 to 1933 he was the favorite pupil of Ferdinand Sauerbruch in Munich and Berlin . 1930 he became professor of surgery at the Charité . The assumption of power by the Nazi-regime forced Nissen to resign his position and end his career in Germany . He took over the surgical chair in Istanbul , Turkey . Emigrating in 1939 to the USA , he held surgical positions in hospitals at New York and accepted in 1952 the chair of Surgery at the University of Basel , Switzerland . Nissen died in Riehen/Basel on 22 January 1981. Nissen was a critical observant clinician , an efficient and popular physician , a teacher and a speaker . Of historical significance are pioneering works in thoracic surgery , the first successful pneumectomy in man , the classical works about the treatment of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and hiatus hernia . The Nissen-Rossetti type of fundoplication has remained the standard procedure in Europe and the USA ."
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] |
DerChirurg.60671063.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.60671063.eng.abstr
|
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671063.eng.abstr-passage-0",
"type": "abstract",
"text": [
"Lower leg fractures with an osseous defect can be treated effectively with the callus distraction technique by Bier-Ilizarov . Because osteocytes are cultivated at the site of the defect , a real biological system is working - in contrast to other methods . Especially in lower leg fractures with a denuded tibia , the technique of primary shortening to cover the soft-tissue defect with subsequent compensatory lengthening by callus distraction is valuable . This technique does not need special hospitals but skillful surgeons . A closed surgeon-patient relation ship is required because most treatments are done on an outpatient basis . The cosmetic and functional results are good ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
686
]
]
}
] |
[
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"id": "DerChirurg.60671063.eng.abstr-s1-t4",
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"callus"
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}
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671063.eng.abstr-s3-t1",
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"leg"
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671063.eng.abstr-s3-t2",
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"fractures"
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"id": "DerChirurg.60671063.eng.abstr-s3-t6",
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"callus"
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] |
[] |
[] |
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] |
DerChirurg.60671069.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.60671069.eng.abstr
|
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671069.eng.abstr-passage-0",
"type": "abstract",
"text": [
"A treatment protocol is demonstrated , consisting of an osteotomy , either proximal or distal , of the bone defect with subsequent segmental transport via an anteromedially ( tibia ) or laterally ( femur ) mounted AO external fixation over an unreamed interlocking nail ( monorail system ) . Twenty patients were treated by this method with indications as follows : 13 had a segmental bone defect of the tibia , 3 of the femur . Three patients showed post-traumatic and postinfectious leg-length discrepancies and one was treated for hypertrophic non-union of the femur . Defect distance varied between 5 and 18.5 cm and average time for transport was 19,42 days/cm for the tibial shaft , 15,93 days/cm for the femur . Two patients developed deep infection , which required change of treatment , removing the monorail system and application of an Ilizarov apparatus . Despite complications using the monorail system , all patients healed and no amputations were required . The monorail system can be used as an alternative to the Ilizarov method under certain criteria of patient selection ; these criteria are shown by an algorithm for segmental bone defects without infection , respecting the soft-tissue status with or without neurovascular compromise ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1256
]
]
}
] |
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] |
[] |
[] |
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DerChirurg.60671080.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.60671080.eng.abstr
|
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671080.eng.abstr-passage-0",
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"text": [
"Sequential radical debridement and early soft-tissue reconstruction have considerably decreased the amputation rate , length of hospital stay , chronic osteitis , the rehabilitation period and secondary reconstructive procedures in lower leg injuries . The introduction of distraction osteotomy and \" biologic osteosynthesis procedures \" have led to shorter and safer osteoplastic methods . The indication , tactics and technical pitfalls of current interdisciplinary treatment options requiring modifications in soft-tissue coverage are presented ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
549
]
]
}
] |
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] |
[] |
[] |
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] |
DerChirurg.60671087.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.60671087.eng.abstr
|
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671087.eng.abstr-passage-0",
"type": "abstract",
"text": [
"Different bone substitutes exist for reconstruction of segmental tibial bone defects . The choice of bone substitute is limited by the quality of the surrounding tissue and the size of the bone defect . Especially in large bone defects , the freely or microvascularly transferred autogenic graft should be preferred . Allogenic transplants or artificial bone substitutes , such as spongy calcium phosphate materials , are suitable only for implantation in smaller , well-vascularized bone defects or as an additional procedure in large bone defects . In infected cases , allogenic and artificial , especially slowly resorbable implants , have to be avoided . The prerequisite for defect reconstruction is stable internal fixation ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
731
]
]
}
] |
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] |
[] |
[] |
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DerChirurg.60671093.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.60671093.eng.abstr
|
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"In the last two decades our understanding of the pathophysiology of severe head injury has significantly increased . It has become evident that secondary neuronal damage may occur and should be prevented . It is ischemia , similar to that seen with stroke and aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage , that causes secondary brain damage . Therefore , careful monitoring of blood pressure is indicated , and the treatment of arterial hypotension/hypertension should begin as soon as possible . Moreover , there are some new pharmacological concepts for changing the threshold for ischemia in brain tissue . At the present time , however , valid data concerning clinical use are still not available . Therefore , mild hyperventilation and sedation during the initial post-traumatic phase and lowering of intracranial pressure by osmotherapeutics remain the most important treatment modalities , as they were 20 years ago ."
],
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0,
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[] |
[] |
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DerChirurg.60671098.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.60671098.eng.abstr
|
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671098.eng.abstr-passage-0",
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[
0,
633
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}
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[] |
[] |
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DerChirurg.60671107.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.60671107.eng.abstr
|
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671107.eng.abstr-passage-0",
"type": "abstract",
"text": [
"Head traumas frequently occur in polytrauma patients but are also found as isolated injuries . In our hospital trauma center without a neurosurgical department , in a 21-month period , 489 patients with head/brain trauma were treated . This represents 6.5 % of all patients treated in the trauma and reconstructive surgery clinic . In commotio cerebri ( CC = 89.5 % of the patients ) constant conservative management and an uneventful course were observed ; in 69 patients with contusio cerebri , 18 craniotomy operations had to be performed . In contrast , in only two cases was reoperation because of recurrent hematoma necessary . In four cases with complex and/or additional injuries , transfer to a neurosurgical center took place , and in two cases photophone consultation with that center was used . The mortality was 14.5 % . The diagnostic and therapeutic regimens for the different types of injury and the requirements for the management of head/brain trauma in trauma centers without neurosurgical departments are presented : emergency service and medical staff , emergency room management , intensive care management , qualified neurological examination , X-ray imaging , including CT scan , OP-room equipment and trained surgeons . If these requirements are not available in a given hospital , early transfer of all patients for whom surgical management could be necessary to a neurosurgical department should be attempted . Only in patients with severe bleeding must immediate craniotomy be performed even in hospitals which do not have all the above mentioned facilities . In patients with intracerebral bleeding , bleeding in the dorsal fossa , injury of brain nerves , carotid artery or sinus cavernosus injuries , frontobasal injuries with liquor fistula or pneumonencephalon , transfer of the patients to specialized neurosurgical centers is indicated . With this selection , we obtained the same results in a trauma center without a neurosurgical department as reported in the literature . This avoids overloading neurosurgical centers with head/brain injury patients ."
],
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DerChirurg.60671129.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.60671129.eng.abstr
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[
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"type": "abstract",
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"Open reduction and internal fixation of intra-articular calcaneus fractures have been increasingly emphasized in recent years . Operation of most of these fractures is via an extended lateral approach . Different implants are used to stabilize the often complex fractures . We have developed a low contact plate that is specially designed for calcaneal fractures . Because the design is based on the anatomy of the calcaneus , all types of fractures can be treated . The plate has a large number of holes to accommodate screw fixation . Our results in 36 cases were comparable to those of other series using open reduction and internal fixation with plates and the demands on the plate were fulfilled ."
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}
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[] |
[] |
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DerChirurg.60671135.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.60671135.eng.abstr
|
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671135.eng.abstr-passage-0",
"type": "abstract",
"text": [
"Between June 1993 and September 1995 , 18 distal femoral fractures were treated using the supracondylar intramedullary nail . There were 8 type A fractures and 10 type C fractures ( AO classification ) . The operative technique involved retrograde insertion of an unreamed supracondylar nail through the intercondylar notch . Follow-up was available on all patients and averaged 18.3 months ( range 6-32 months ) . All fractures healed with an average time to union of 12.4 weeks ( range 8-16 weeks ) . Bone grafting was not necessary in any case . Sixteen patients achieved almost the same ROM as they had had before the injury . One patient developed a varus malignment and underwent correction with a supracondylar osteotomy 20 months post trauma . There were no infections or nonunions . The retrograde supracondylar nail is an excellent alternative to plate osteosynthesis in the management of dia- and supracondylar femoral fractures ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
941
]
]
}
] |
[
{
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"id": "DerChirurg.60671135.eng.abstr-s1-t3",
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] |
[] |
[] |
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] |
DerChirurg.60671141.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.60671141.eng.abstr
|
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671141.eng.abstr-passage-0",
"type": "abstract",
"text": [
"From January 1987 to March 1994 three hospitals in the city of Magdeburg treated a total of 103 subcutaneous Achilles tendon ruptures operatively . We created a special score to compare the outcome of the different operation techniques used . Important aspects of the follow-up examination were isokinetic measuring of power and staying power by means of a KIN-TREX dynamic measuring device and the clinical check-up in comparison with the histological results and the patients ' history . Degeneration could only be proved histologically in 38,8 % of the cases . The average score of all OP methods applied was 767 of possible 1000 points . The adaptation suture ( 781 points ) , Silfverskiold's technique ( 772 points ) and the fibrin adhesive technique ( 754 points ) showed approximately the same results . The theory that all of the ruptures have a histological degeneration background seems to be wrong . Isokinetic measuring can be very helpful in preparing a postoperative regimen to find the optimum load ."
],
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[
0,
1015
]
]
}
] |
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] |
[] |
[] |
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},
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] |
DerChirurg.60671147.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.60671147.eng.abstr
|
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671147.eng.abstr-passage-0",
"type": "abstract",
"text": [
"Between 1980 and 1995 , 207 patients with 219 extensive pelvic pressure sores underwent reconstructive surgery at our department . Eighty patients operated upon between 1992 and 1995 were followed up . The postoperative complication rate was 22 % and the relapse rate 27 % . Pre- and postoperative management has been standardized for the purposes of quality control . The value of preoperative management , choice of flap , operative procedure and postoperative care are discussed in this paper ."
],
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0,
497
]
]
}
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}
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}
] |
[] |
[] |
[
{
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"type": "associated_with",
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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"type": "issue_in",
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},
{
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},
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},
{
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"type": "issue_in",
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"arg2_id": "DerChirurg.60671147.eng.abstr-s5-t3",
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671147.eng.abstr-s1-r8-t2.1-t5.1",
"type": "conceptual_part_of",
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"arg2_id": "DerChirurg.60671147.eng.abstr-s5-t5",
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},
{
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671147.eng.abstr-s1-r10-t5.1-t1.1",
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},
{
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"type": "location_of",
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671147.eng.abstr-s5-r3-t4.1-t8.1",
"type": "conceptual_part_of",
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"arg2_id": "DerChirurg.60671147.eng.abstr-s5-t8",
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671147.eng.abstr-s5-r4-t1.1-t6.1",
"type": "evaluation_of",
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"arg2_id": "DerChirurg.60671147.eng.abstr-s5-t6",
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671147.eng.abstr-s5-r5-t1.1-t8.2",
"type": "evaluation_of",
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"arg2_id": "DerChirurg.60671147.eng.abstr-s5-t8",
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671147.eng.abstr-s5-r6-t1.1-t6.1",
"type": "affects",
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671147.eng.abstr-s5-r7-t6.1-t1.1",
"type": "affects",
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671147.eng.abstr-s5-r8-t8.1-t6.1",
"type": "uses",
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671147.eng.abstr-s5-r9-t1.1-t8.1",
"type": "evaluation_of",
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"arg2_id": "DerChirurg.60671147.eng.abstr-s5-t8",
"normalized": []
}
] |
DerChirurg.60671152.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.60671152.eng.abstr
|
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671152.eng.abstr-passage-0",
"type": "abstract",
"text": [
"In a prospective study 20 patients were monitored with serial sonograms and radiographs during distraction osteogenesis at the lower limb . All sonograms were obtained in four planes using a 7.5 MHz transducer . The distraction gap was seen as a sonolucent area in all patients after corticotomy . At an average of 20.7 ( 14-28 ) days after the beginning of the distraction , echogenic foci occurred and showed increasing longitudinal alignment with further distraction . Radiographical signs of beginning mineralization were seen an average of 48.3 days after the start of the distraction . Exact measurement of the distraction gap was possible in all patients during lengthening . Bone healing complications and hematoma could be detected by ultrasound . A rapid increase of bone mineralization was seen after the distraction was stopped . With increasing cortication of the regenerate bone , sonograms showed a hyper-reflecting solid line so that further mineralization and the time of removal of the fixator could not be assessed by ultrasound . Ultrasound is more sensitive than radiography in identifying new bone formation during distraction , measuring the length of the distraction gap , and detecting early bone-healing complications and can therefore reduce the need for radiographs ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1295
]
]
}
] |
[
{
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34
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{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671152.eng.abstr-s1-t2",
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"serial"
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{
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"sonograms"
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{
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[] |
[] |
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] |
DerChirurg.60671160.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.60671160.eng.abstr
|
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671160.eng.abstr-passage-0",
"type": "abstract",
"text": [
"In a standard questionnaire distributed nationwide , we questioned staff from 1307 clinics ( surgical , trauma-surgical , orthopedic ) , of which 787 clinics ( 60.2 % ) answered by letter . In 698 clinics ( 88.7 % ) , operation is considered the standard therapy . Seventy-five clinics ( 9.5 % ) use both conservative and operative therapy ( average postoperative rate of complication 3.5 % ) . Only 14 hospitals ( 1.8 % ) treat strictly conservatively . The average rate of reruptures is 1.6 % in the operated group ( 77.7 % postoperative plaster cast fixation ) regardless of postoperative treatment ; the conservative group ( 96.1 % functional treatment ) showed 2.7 % reruptures . Thus , operation is the standard therapy for fresh ruptures of the Achilles tendon in Germany . However , there seems to be a trend towards conservative functional therapy ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
858
]
]
}
] |
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] |
[] |
[] |
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DerChirurg.60671166.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.60671166.eng.abstr
|
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671166.eng.abstr-passage-0",
"type": "abstract",
"text": [
"ORIF management of unstable trochanteric fractures of type A3 of the A0 classification is difficult because of lateral dislocation of the proximal fractured segments , particularly when only the sliding hip-screw is used for fixation . A connectable butt-press plate was recently developed in order to prevent this type of dislocation . We review the results with this fixation technique in 22 elderly patients with an average age of 76 years who presented with highly unstable trochanteric fracture of the A3 type . Three patients died of diseases unrelated to the trauma or operation before the fractures had healed . The other 19 were followed prospectively until fracture healing had occurred . Complaints , leg shortening and changes in the CCD angle were recorded . Furthermore , the mobility score was determined . Although the patients were able to bear full weight after the operation , no lateral dislocation of fragments was observed . Only 1 patient had a varus dislocation of 5 ° until the fracture had consolidated . This was due to severe osteopenia and subsequent dislocation of the screw within the femoral head . No pseudarthrosis , osteitis or rotational malalignment was noted . Five of the surviving patients had a lower mobility score after fracture healing as compared to the status before the fracture was sustained . On the basis of this review , we recommend the use of this new connectable buttress plate with sliding hip screws because it provides sifficient fixation of highly unstable fractures of type A3."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1536
]
]
}
] |
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] |
DerChirurg.60671174.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.60671174.eng.abstr
|
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671174.eng.abstr-passage-0",
"type": "abstract",
"text": [
"Extracorporal shock-wave application ( ESWA ) has been used in the treatment of stones located in the kidneys , bile , pancreas and the glandula parotis . In the last 2 years several studies have shown the benefit of ESWA in the treatment of soft-tissue disorders and tendinosis calcarea . To date , the exact mechanism is unknown . Local hyperemia following damage or afferent inhibition is discussed . The possibilities and indications of ESWA with respect to several syndroms are presented . The results show the benefit of ESWA in the treatment of chronic soft-tissue disorders without severe side effects . Some patients showed small subcutaneous hematomas and erosion of the skin when energies about 20 mJ were used . Forty-seven of 84 of the patients obtained complete relief ; 24 patients showed a marked reduction in their complaints . In only 13 of 84 cases was the treatment unsuccessful ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
900
]
]
}
] |
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24
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}
]
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671174.eng.abstr-s1-t3",
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"kidneys"
],
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102,
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}
]
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671174.eng.abstr-s1-t4",
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"bile"
],
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{
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"pancreas"
],
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}
]
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671174.eng.abstr-s1-t6",
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152
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}
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"date"
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}
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"id": "DerChirurg.60671174.eng.abstr-s3-t2",
"type": "umlsterm",
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"exact"
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"db_id": "C0059927"
}
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671174.eng.abstr-s4-t1",
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"text": [
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],
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}
]
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671174.eng.abstr-s4-t2",
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],
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671174.eng.abstr-s6-t2",
"type": "umlsterm",
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{
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"id": "DerChirurg.60671174.eng.abstr-s7-t2",
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],
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}
]
}
] |
[] |
[] |
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] |
DerChirurg.60671179.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.60671179.eng.abstr
|
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671179.eng.abstr-passage-0",
"type": "abstract",
"text": [
"Quality management requires correct and comprehensive monitoring of all complications . Since January 1995 in the department of trauma and orthopaedic surgery complications have been recorded immediately when the patient is scheduled for reoperation or when complications become evident during the X-ray conference or at follow-up clinics . Two senior surgeons note all available information on a sheet of paper . Data are completed as soon as possible and entered into a PC data base . All cases are followed up by the respective surgeon and discussed at monthly complication conferences . A case is not closed until the end result has been documented . We discuss the theoretical and practical problems of this procedure and present the statistical evaluation for 1995."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
771
]
]
}
] |
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671179.eng.abstr-s1-t1",
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"complications"
],
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[
72,
85
]
],
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{
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"db_id": "C0009566"
}
]
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671179.eng.abstr-s2-t1",
"type": "umlsterm",
"text": [
"trauma"
],
"offsets": [
[
128,
134
]
],
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{
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},
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"db_id": "C0043251"
}
]
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671179.eng.abstr-s2-t2",
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"text": [
"surgery"
],
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[
151,
158
]
],
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}
]
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671179.eng.abstr-s2-t3",
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"complications"
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159,
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{
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"patient"
],
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[
213,
220
]
],
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"db_id": "C0030705"
}
]
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671179.eng.abstr-s2-t5",
"type": "umlsterm",
"text": [
"reoperation"
],
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[
238,
249
]
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671179.eng.abstr-s2-t6",
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"complications"
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671179.eng.abstr-s2-t7",
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"X-ray"
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},
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"id": "DerChirurg.60671179.eng.abstr-s2-t8",
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304,
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{
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},
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671179.eng.abstr-s7-t2",
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"normalized": [
{
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"db_id": "C0220825"
}
]
}
] |
[] |
[] |
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"id": "DerChirurg.60671179.eng.abstr-s2-r37-t1.1-t8.1",
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671179.eng.abstr-s2-r38-t1.1-t3.1",
"type": "associated_with",
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671179.eng.abstr-s2-r39-t2.2-t5.1",
"type": "performs",
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671179.eng.abstr-s5-r1-t1.1-t2.1",
"type": "result_of",
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671179.eng.abstr-s5-r2-t2.1-t1.1",
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671179.eng.abstr-s7-r1-t2.1-t1.1",
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"arg2_id": "DerChirurg.60671179.eng.abstr-s7-t1",
"normalized": []
}
] |
DerChirurg.60671193.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.60671193.eng.abstr
|
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671193.eng.abstr-passage-0",
"type": "abstract",
"text": [
"Biocoral is a biomaterial derived from natural corals , and it has surgical applications . Since 1992 the author has been using this material as a bone graft substitute in maxillofacial surgery . Seventy-seven clinical implantations were done for different indications . The results suggest that coral grafts are well tolerated and become partially ossified when the calcified skeleton is resorbed . This material has been demonstrated to be successful ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
454
]
]
}
] |
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671193.eng.abstr-s1-t1",
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"biomaterial"
],
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14,
25
]
],
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"db_id": "C0005479"
}
]
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671193.eng.abstr-s1-t2",
"type": "umlsterm",
"text": [
"corals"
],
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]
],
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"db_id": "C0324034"
}
]
},
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"id": "DerChirurg.60671193.eng.abstr-s1-t3",
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{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671193.eng.abstr-s2-t1",
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"bone"
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147,
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}
]
},
{
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"graft"
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"id": "DerChirurg.60671193.eng.abstr-s2-t3",
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}
]
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671193.eng.abstr-s2-t4",
"type": "umlsterm",
"text": [
"bone graft"
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]
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671193.eng.abstr-s3-t1",
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"implantations"
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}
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},
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"id": "DerChirurg.60671193.eng.abstr-s4-t1",
"type": "umlsterm",
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"coral"
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}
]
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671193.eng.abstr-s4-t2",
"type": "umlsterm",
"text": [
"grafts"
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}
]
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671193.eng.abstr-s4-t3",
"type": "umlsterm",
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}
] |
[] |
[] |
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671193.eng.abstr-s2-r1-t3.2-t2.2",
"type": "method_of",
"arg1_id": "DerChirurg.60671193.eng.abstr-s2-t3",
"arg2_id": "DerChirurg.60671193.eng.abstr-s4-t2",
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671193.eng.abstr-s2-r2-t1.1-t3.2",
"type": "location_of",
"arg1_id": "DerChirurg.60671193.eng.abstr-s4-t1",
"arg2_id": "DerChirurg.60671193.eng.abstr-s2-t3",
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671193.eng.abstr-s2-r3-t1.1-t2.2",
"type": "issue_in",
"arg1_id": "DerChirurg.60671193.eng.abstr-s4-t1",
"arg2_id": "DerChirurg.60671193.eng.abstr-s4-t2",
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671193.eng.abstr-s4-r1-t1.1-t2.2",
"type": "conceptual_part_of",
"arg1_id": "DerChirurg.60671193.eng.abstr-s4-t1",
"arg2_id": "DerChirurg.60671193.eng.abstr-s4-t2",
"normalized": []
}
] |
DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr
|
DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr
|
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr-passage-0",
"type": "abstract",
"text": [
"Lung volume reduction ( LVR ) is a new surgical approach designed to relieve shortness of breath and to improve exercise tolerance in patients with severe lung emphysema . Selection of patients for LVR is based on history , clinical investigation , chest X-ray studies , CT scan , lung perfusion scan , lung function testing , and blood gas analysis . Selection criteria are severe emphysema ( FEV1 20-35 % pred . , TLC > 120 % pred . , RV > 250 % pred . ) , dyspnea despite optimized medical therapy , abstinence from smoking , acceptable nutritional status and rehabilitation potential . Patients with a uniform pattern of lung destruction benefit far less than those with a more localised pattern ( > 30 % on chest X-ray or CT scan ) with the remaining lung being quite normal and a reduced perfusion of only the damaged areas . Prior to the final decision for LVR , all patients are enrolled in a supervised rehabilitation programme of 4 weeks duration . Some patients benefit so much that LVR can be postponed . The surgical approach of choice is a median sternotomy for bilateral LVR when the upper lobes are the target areas and a bilateral thoracotomy if the lower lobes are mainly affected . When a bilateral procedure is contraindicated , a unilateral approach may be an option . It is not yet clear whether an approach by thoracoscopy allows adequate surgical removal of all affected areas and whether the morbidity is lower . Laser ablation is a further therapeutic option but is much less effective than the surgical resection . Reinforcement of sutures using bovine pericardium strips reduces the chance of a prolonged air leak but is expensive . The results from our institution in 57 patients 1 month after LVR surgery showed the following : improvement in dyspnea was a consistent finding in 88 % of patients , the 6-min walking distance increased on average by 150 m , the FEV1 by 0.3 l for unilateral LVR and 0.5 l for bilateral LVR . The mean PaO2 in ambient air increased 6 mmHg after unilateral and 8 mmHg after bilateral LVR . There was also a significant improvement in respiratory muscle function and a reduction in respiratory drive . A significant improvement in quality of life was documented in 83 % of the patients . Major hospital complications are prolonged air leak , pneumonia , and myocardial failure . Three cases of a delayed pneumothorax were observed . Early hospital mortality ( 30 days ) was 1.7 % and 90 days mortality 3.4 % . Few follow-up data are available beyond 1 year , and the long-term benefit of LVR surgery therefore remains to be defined ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2592
]
]
}
] |
[
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr-s1-t1",
"type": "umlsterm",
"text": [
"Lung"
],
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0,
4
]
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"db_id": "C0024109"
}
]
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr-s1-t2",
"type": "umlsterm",
"text": [
"surgical"
],
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39,
47
]
],
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"db_name": "UMLS",
"db_id": "C0038895"
}
]
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr-s1-t3",
"type": "umlsterm",
"text": [
"exercise"
],
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[
112,
120
]
],
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"db_name": "UMLS",
"db_id": "C0015259"
}
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"id": "DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr-s1-t4",
"type": "umlsterm",
"text": [
"patients"
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"db_id": "C0030705"
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{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr-s1-t5",
"type": "umlsterm",
"text": [
"lung"
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155,
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"db_id": "C0024109"
}
]
},
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"id": "DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr-s1-t6",
"type": "umlsterm",
"text": [
"emphysema"
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"db_id": "C0013990"
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}
]
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr-s1-t7",
"type": "umlsterm",
"text": [
"exercise tolerance"
],
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112,
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr-s1-t8",
"type": "umlsterm",
"text": [
"Lung volume reduction"
],
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0,
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"db_id": "C0524689"
}
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr-s1-t9",
"type": "umlsterm",
"text": [
"shortness of breath"
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]
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr-s2-t1",
"type": "umlsterm",
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"id": "DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr-s2-t2",
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"id": "DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr-s2-t3",
"type": "umlsterm",
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}
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},
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"id": "DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr-s2-t4",
"type": "umlsterm",
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"chest"
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]
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr-s2-t5",
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255,
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}
]
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr-s2-t6",
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}
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr-s2-t7",
"type": "umlsterm",
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{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr-s2-t9",
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{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr-s2-t10",
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr-s2-t11",
"type": "umlsterm",
"text": [
"blood"
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},
{
"db_name": "UMLS",
"db_id": "C0005835"
}
]
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr-s2-t12",
"type": "umlsterm",
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"gas"
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},
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"id": "DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr-s2-t13",
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{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr-s2-t15",
"type": "umlsterm",
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"CT scan"
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"db_id": "C0040405"
}
]
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr-s2-t16",
"type": "umlsterm",
"text": [
"blood gas"
],
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331,
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]
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"db_id": "C0005800"
}
]
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr-s2-t17",
"type": "umlsterm",
"text": [
"blood gas analysis"
],
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331,
349
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],
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"db_id": "C0005800"
}
]
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr-s3-t1",
"type": "umlsterm",
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"Selection"
],
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352,
361
]
],
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}
]
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr-s3-t2",
"type": "umlsterm",
"text": [
"criteria"
],
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362,
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]
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"db_id": "C0243161"
}
]
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr-s3-t3",
"type": "umlsterm",
"text": [
"emphysema"
],
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382,
391
]
],
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"db_name": "UMLS",
"db_id": "C0013990"
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}
]
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr-s3-t4",
"type": "umlsterm",
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"Selection criteria"
],
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352,
370
]
],
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"db_id": "C0242801"
}
]
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr-s4-t1",
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"TLC"
],
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},
{
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"db_id": "C0008569"
}
]
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr-s6-t1",
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],
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],
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}
]
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr-s6-t2",
"type": "umlsterm",
"text": [
"therapy"
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}
]
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr-s6-t3",
"type": "umlsterm",
"text": [
"smoking"
],
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]
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]
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr-s6-t4",
"type": "umlsterm",
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}
]
},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr-s6-t5",
"type": "umlsterm",
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],
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] |
[] |
[] |
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr-s13-r1-t2.1-t1.1",
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{
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{
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr-s14-r4-t4.1-t3.1",
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"arg2_id": "DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr-s21-t3",
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr-s15-r1-t6.1-t2.1",
"type": "issue_in",
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{
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr-s15-r3-t2.2-t4.1",
"type": "co-occurs_with",
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"arg2_id": "DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr-s21-t4",
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr-s15-r5-t4.1-t2.1",
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr-s15-r6-t4.1-t2.2",
"type": "co-occurs_with",
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr-s17-r1-t1.1-t2.1",
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{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr-s17-r2-t1.1-t4.1",
"type": "developmental_form_of",
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"arg2_id": "DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr-s21-t4",
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr-s17-r3-t4.1-t1.1",
"type": "surrounds",
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr-s17-r4-t4.1-t2.1",
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr-s18-r1-t3.1-t1.1",
"type": "isa",
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr-s19-r1-t2.1-t4.1",
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr-s19-r2-t2.1-t4.1",
"type": "degree_of",
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{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr-s19-r3-t1.1-t2.1",
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr-s19-r4-t4.1-t2.1",
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr-s19-r5-t1.1-t4.1",
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr-s21-r1-t1.1-t3.1",
"type": "produces",
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"arg2_id": "DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr-s21-t3",
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},
{
"id": "DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr-s21-r2-t1.1-t2.1",
"type": "produces",
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"arg2_id": "DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr-s21-t2",
"normalized": []
}
] |
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