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2891 | German today : an extensive speech data collection in the German speaking area of Europe | deu | doc-type:conferenceObject | [
"The research project “German Today” aims to determine the amount of regional variation in (near-) standard German spoken by young and older educated adults, and to identify and locate the regional features. To this end, an extensive corpus of read and spontaneous speech is currently being compiled. German is a so-called pluricentric language. With our corpus we aim to determine whether national or regional standards really exist. Furthermore, the linguistic variation due to different contextual styles (read vs. spontaneous speech) shall be analysed. Finally, the corpus will enable us to investigate whether linguistic change has occurred in the domain of the German standard language. The main focus of all research questions is on phonetic variation (lexical variation is only of minor interest). Read and spontaneous speech of four secondary school students (aged seventeen to twenty) and two fifty- to sixt-year-olds is recorded in 160 cities throughout the German-speaking area of Europe. All participants read a number of short texts and word lists, name pictures, translate from English, and take part in a sociobiographic interview and a map task experiment. The resulting corpus will comprise over 1000 hours of orthographically and (in part) phonetically transcribed speech."
] | ddc:438 | [
"Deutsch",
"Standardsprache",
"Gesprochene Sprache",
"Regionalsprache",
"Korpus <Linguistik>"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133072576",
"bllo:bll-133070158",
"bllo:bll-133072851",
"bllo:Corpus",
"bllo:bll-133070409",
"bllo:bll-133073408",
"bllo:Focus",
"bllo:Word"
] | [
[
"Phonetics",
"Phonetik"
],
[
"German",
"Deutsch"
],
[
"Features",
"Merkmale"
],
[
"Corpus",
"Korpus"
],
[
"English",
"Englisch"
],
[
"Number",
"Numerus"
],
[
"Focus",
"Fokus"
],
[
"Word",
"Wort"
]
] | [
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"PhonologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"LanguageResourceType",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"PragmaticUnit",
"DiscoursePhenomenon"
],
[
"LexicalCategory",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Phonological phenomenon",
"Phonologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Pragmatic unit",
"Pragmatische Einheit"
],
[
"Discourse phenomenon",
"Diskursphänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical category",
"Lexikalische Kategorie"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"PhonologicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"DiscoursePhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
German today : an extensive speech data collection in the German speaking area of Europe
### Abstract:
The research project “German Today” aims to determine the amount of regional variation in (near-) standard German spoken by young and older educated adults, and to identify and locate the regional features. To this end, an extensive corpus of read and spontaneous speech is currently being compiled. German is a so-called pluricentric language. With our corpus we aim to determine whether national or regional standards really exist. Furthermore, the linguistic variation due to different contextual styles (read vs. spontaneous speech) shall be analysed. Finally, the corpus will enable us to investigate whether linguistic change has occurred in the domain of the German standard language. The main focus of all research questions is on phonetic variation (lexical variation is only of minor interest). Read and spontaneous speech of four secondary school students (aged seventeen to twenty) and two fifty- to sixt-year-olds is recorded in 160 cities throughout the German-speaking area of Europe. All participants read a number of short texts and word lists, name pictures, translate from English, and take part in a sociobiographic interview and a map task experiment. The resulting corpus will comprise over 1000 hours of orthographically and (in part) phonetically transcribed speech.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-133072576', 'bllo:bll-133070158', 'bllo:bll-133072851', 'bllo:Corpus', 'bllo:bll-133070409', 'bllo:bll-133073408', 'bllo:Focus', 'bllo:Word']
### BLL class (en):
['Phonetics', 'German', 'Features', 'Corpus', 'English', 'Number', 'Focus', 'Word']
### BLL class (de):
['Phonetik', 'Deutsch', 'Merkmale', 'Korpus', 'Englisch', 'Numerus', 'Fokus', 'Wort']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['ResearchTopic', 'OtherLinguisticTerm'], ['WestGermanic', 'bll-133070166', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['PhonologicalPhenomenon'], ['LanguageResourceType', 'LanguageResourceInformation'], ['WestGermanic', 'bll-133070166', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['PragmaticUnit', 'DiscoursePhenomenon'], ['LexicalCategory', 'LexicalPhenomenon']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Research topic', 'Other linguistic term']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Forschungsthema', 'Anderer linguistischer Begriff']
### BLL top node:
['OtherLinguisticTerm', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'PhonologicalPhenomenon', 'LanguageResourceInformation', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'DiscoursePhenomenon', 'LexicalPhenomenon']
### DDC ID:
ddc:438
### Other subjects:
['Deutsch', 'Standardsprache', 'Gesprochene Sprache', 'Regionalsprache', 'Korpus <Linguistik>']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
2932 | Das Versteckspiel der Komplemente - wie obligatorisch sind obligatorische Komplemente und wie geht man damit in den VALBUS um | deu | doc-type:bookPart | [
"Im Fokus dieser Untersuchung stehen die Fälle, in denen ein Komplement, das in einem einfachen, nicht negierten Aussagesatz mit einem bestimmten Verb syntaktisch obligatorisch gesetzt wird, unter anderen, ganz bestimmten Umständen weggelassen werden kann. Neben den bekannten Gründen, die zur Weglassbarkeit eines sonst obligatorischen Komplements führen können, nämlich dem Gebrauch des Verbs im Imperativ, Infinitiv oder Passiv oder dem Gebrauch des Verbs in einer kommunikativen eindeutigen Situation, werden weitere weniger gut analysierte Fälle dargestellt wie z.B. die Fokussierung auf einen Teil der Verbbedeutung (wie z.B. im Werbeslogan Wohnst du noch oder lebst du schon?). Es soll auch gezeigt werden, dass die Einstufung eines Komplements als obligatorisch auch theorieabhängig ist und viel damit zu tun hat, ob das Bedeutungsspektrum eines Verbs mehr oder weniger abstrakt gefasst wird, einfacher gesagt, davon abhängt, wie viele Bedeutungen bei der Beschreibung eines Verbs angesetzt werden. Zum Schluss soll noch auf die Behandlung dieser Fälle in Verbvalenzwörterbüchern eingegangen werden."
] | ddc:435 | [
"Deutsch",
"Verb",
"Ergänzung <Linguistik>",
"Bedeutung",
"Fokussierung"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133073998",
"bllo:bll-133127125",
"bllo:Focus",
"bllo:bll-133074331",
"bllo:bll-133107159",
"bllo:bll-13308552X"
] | [
[
"Declarative sentence",
"Aussagesatz"
],
[
"Verb",
"Verb"
],
[
"Focus",
"Fokus"
],
[
"Passive voice",
"Passiv"
],
[
"Imperative",
"Imperativ"
],
[
"Infinitive",
"Infinitiv"
]
] | [
[
"bll-13307398X",
"SyntacticFeature",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"PragmaticUnit",
"DiscoursePhenomenon"
],
[
"VoiceFeature",
"MorphosyntacticFeature",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"MoodFeature",
"MorphosyntacticFeature",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133107426",
"NonfiniteVerb",
"bll-133127125",
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Sentence types",
"Satzarten"
],
[
"Syntactic feature",
"Syntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Pragmatic unit",
"Pragmatische Einheit"
],
[
"Discourse phenomenon",
"Diskursphänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Voice feature",
"Genus verbi"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic feature",
"Morphosyntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Mood feature",
"Modus"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic feature",
"Morphosyntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Infinitive",
"Infinitiv"
],
[
"Nonfinite verb",
"Infinite Verbform"
],
[
"Verb",
"Verb"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"DiscoursePhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Das Versteckspiel der Komplemente - wie obligatorisch sind obligatorische Komplemente und wie geht man damit in den VALBUS um
### Abstract:
Im Fokus dieser Untersuchung stehen die Fälle, in denen ein Komplement, das in einem einfachen, nicht negierten Aussagesatz mit einem bestimmten Verb syntaktisch obligatorisch gesetzt wird, unter anderen, ganz bestimmten Umständen weggelassen werden kann. Neben den bekannten Gründen, die zur Weglassbarkeit eines sonst obligatorischen Komplements führen können, nämlich dem Gebrauch des Verbs im Imperativ, Infinitiv oder Passiv oder dem Gebrauch des Verbs in einer kommunikativen eindeutigen Situation, werden weitere weniger gut analysierte Fälle dargestellt wie z.B. die Fokussierung auf einen Teil der Verbbedeutung (wie z.B. im Werbeslogan Wohnst du noch oder lebst du schon?). Es soll auch gezeigt werden, dass die Einstufung eines Komplements als obligatorisch auch theorieabhängig ist und viel damit zu tun hat, ob das Bedeutungsspektrum eines Verbs mehr oder weniger abstrakt gefasst wird, einfacher gesagt, davon abhängt, wie viele Bedeutungen bei der Beschreibung eines Verbs angesetzt werden. Zum Schluss soll noch auf die Behandlung dieser Fälle in Verbvalenzwörterbüchern eingegangen werden.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-133073998', 'bllo:bll-133127125', 'bllo:Focus', 'bllo:bll-133074331', 'bllo:bll-133107159', 'bllo:bll-13308552X']
### BLL class (en):
['Declarative sentence', 'Verb', 'Focus', 'Passive voice', 'Imperative', 'Infinitive']
### BLL class (de):
['Aussagesatz', 'Verb', 'Fokus', 'Passiv', 'Imperativ', 'Infinitiv']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['bll-13307398X', 'SyntacticFeature', 'SyntacticPhenomenon'], ['MorphosyntacticCategory', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon'], ['PragmaticUnit', 'DiscoursePhenomenon'], ['VoiceFeature', 'MorphosyntacticFeature', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon'], ['MoodFeature', 'MorphosyntacticFeature', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon'], ['bll-133107426', 'NonfiniteVerb', 'bll-133127125', 'MorphosyntacticCategory', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Sentence types', 'Syntactic feature', 'Syntactic phenomenon']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Satzarten', 'Syntaktisches Merkmal', 'Syntaktisches Phänomen']
### BLL top node:
['SyntacticPhenomenon', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'DiscoursePhenomenon', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon']
### DDC ID:
ddc:435
### Other subjects:
['Deutsch', 'Verb', 'Ergänzung <Linguistik>', 'Bedeutung', 'Fokussierung']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
2933 | Das Wort aufbrechen | deu | doc-type:bookPart | [
"Die Oberflächennähe der Dependenzgrammatik wird oft damit in Verbindung gebracht, dass sie sich im Wesentlichen mit Wörtern und aus Wörtern gebildeten Strukturen befasst. Bestimmte Kongruenzprobleme und Anderes können aber nur gelöst werden, wenn man sich auf die sublexematische Ebene begibt. Es wird gezeigt, wie sich auch derartige Probleme dependenziell beschreiben lassen."
] | ddc:415 | [
"Dependenzgrammatik",
"Kongruenz",
"kontrastive Grammatik"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133102203"
] | [
[
"Man",
"Mann"
]
] | [
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"LexicalPhenomenon"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Das Wort aufbrechen
### Abstract:
Die Oberflächennähe der Dependenzgrammatik wird oft damit in Verbindung gebracht, dass sie sich im Wesentlichen mit Wörtern und aus Wörtern gebildeten Strukturen befasst. Bestimmte Kongruenzprobleme und Anderes können aber nur gelöst werden, wenn man sich auf die sublexematische Ebene begibt. Es wird gezeigt, wie sich auch derartige Probleme dependenziell beschreiben lassen.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-133102203']
### BLL class (en):
['Man']
### BLL class (de):
['Mann']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Lexical field', 'Lexical phenomenon']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Wortfeld', 'Lexikalisches Phänomen']
### BLL top node:
['LexicalPhenomenon']
### DDC ID:
ddc:415
### Other subjects:
['Dependenzgrammatik', 'Kongruenz', 'kontrastive Grammatik']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
3029 | Das Verb in seinem Umfeld : die deutsche Standardsprache im Licht des Schwäbischen, des Jiddischen und des Polnischen | deu | doc-type:bookPart | [
"Ein Vergleich mit drei benachbarten oder verwandten Sprachen soll die Konturen des Standarddeutschen deutlich machen. Die Kontrastierung erfolgt in folgenden Bereichen: 1. Die deutschen \"Vergangenheitstempora\" Präteritum und Perfekt. Die Gegenüberstellung mehrerer deutscher Sätze und ihrer Entsprechungen/Übersetzungsäquivalente lässt erkennen, dass die genannten Tempora nicht nur zeitbezogene Informationen liefern. 2. Umfangreichere Verbalkomplexe im Nebensatz. Hier zeigt sich in den Vergleichssprachen eine \"logischere\" Wortstellung, die aber vermutlich auch im älteren Deutsch gültig war. Die heute als \"typisch deutsch\" erscheinende Topologie hat sich offenbar erst seit dem Mittelalter entwickelt. 3. Entscheidungsfragen werden im Standarddeutschen und auch im Schwäbischen anders markiert als in den Vergleichssprachen Jiddisch und Polnisch: während hier neben der wohl weltweit charakteristischen Frage-Intonation einleitende Partikeln verwendet werden, bestimmen dort Intonation und Wortstellung (\"Verb-Erst\") den Fragecharakter. Im Zusammenhang mit diesen grammatischen Fragen wird auch die Entstehungsgeschichte des Jiddischen noch einmal zur Diskussion gestellt."
] | ddc:435 | [
"Deutsch",
"Verb",
"Imperfekt",
"Perfekt",
"kontrastive Grammatik",
"Mundart Schwäbisch",
"Jiddisch",
"Polnisch"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133118169",
"bllo:bll-133073122",
"bllo:bll-133070158",
"bllo:bll-133109119",
"bllo:bll-133118894",
"bllo:bll-133074056",
"bllo:bll-133107167",
"bllo:bll-133089762"
] | [
[
"Present perfect",
"Perfekt"
],
[
"Intonation",
"Intonation"
],
[
"German",
"Deutsch"
],
[
"Yiddish",
"Jiddisch"
],
[
"Polish",
"Polnisch"
],
[
"Subordinate clause",
"Nebensatz"
],
[
"Past tense",
"Präteritum"
],
[
"War",
"Krieg"
]
] | [
[
"TenseFeature",
"MorphosyntacticFeature",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"ProsodicPhenomenon",
"PhonologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"WestSlavic",
"bll-133122794",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"FiniteClause",
"Clause",
"Constituent",
"SyntacticCategory",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"TenseFeature",
"MorphosyntacticFeature",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Tense feature",
"Tempus"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic feature",
"Morphosyntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Prosodic phenomenon",
"Prosodisches Phänomen"
],
[
"Phonological phenomenon",
"Phonologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"West Slavic",
"Westslawisch"
],
[
"Slavic languages",
"Slawische Sprachen"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Finite clause",
"Finiter Teilsatz"
],
[
"Clause",
"Teilsatz"
],
[
"Constituent",
"Konstituente"
],
[
"Syntactic category",
"Syntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Tense feature",
"Tempus"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic feature",
"Morphosyntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"PhonologicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Das Verb in seinem Umfeld : die deutsche Standardsprache im Licht des Schwäbischen, des Jiddischen und des Polnischen
### Abstract:
Ein Vergleich mit drei benachbarten oder verwandten Sprachen soll die Konturen des Standarddeutschen deutlich machen. Die Kontrastierung erfolgt in folgenden Bereichen: 1. Die deutschen "Vergangenheitstempora" Präteritum und Perfekt. Die Gegenüberstellung mehrerer deutscher Sätze und ihrer Entsprechungen/Übersetzungsäquivalente lässt erkennen, dass die genannten Tempora nicht nur zeitbezogene Informationen liefern. 2. Umfangreichere Verbalkomplexe im Nebensatz. Hier zeigt sich in den Vergleichssprachen eine "logischere" Wortstellung, die aber vermutlich auch im älteren Deutsch gültig war. Die heute als "typisch deutsch" erscheinende Topologie hat sich offenbar erst seit dem Mittelalter entwickelt. 3. Entscheidungsfragen werden im Standarddeutschen und auch im Schwäbischen anders markiert als in den Vergleichssprachen Jiddisch und Polnisch: während hier neben der wohl weltweit charakteristischen Frage-Intonation einleitende Partikeln verwendet werden, bestimmen dort Intonation und Wortstellung ("Verb-Erst") den Fragecharakter. Im Zusammenhang mit diesen grammatischen Fragen wird auch die Entstehungsgeschichte des Jiddischen noch einmal zur Diskussion gestellt.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-133118169', 'bllo:bll-133073122', 'bllo:bll-133070158', 'bllo:bll-133109119', 'bllo:bll-133118894', 'bllo:bll-133074056', 'bllo:bll-133107167', 'bllo:bll-133089762']
### BLL class (en):
['Present perfect', 'Intonation', 'German', 'Yiddish', 'Polish', 'Subordinate clause', 'Past tense', 'War']
### BLL class (de):
['Perfekt', 'Intonation', 'Deutsch', 'Jiddisch', 'Polnisch', 'Nebensatz', 'Präteritum', 'Krieg']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['TenseFeature', 'MorphosyntacticFeature', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon'], ['ProsodicPhenomenon', 'PhonologicalPhenomenon'], ['WestGermanic', 'bll-133070166', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['WestGermanic', 'bll-133070166', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['WestSlavic', 'bll-133122794', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['FiniteClause', 'Clause', 'Constituent', 'SyntacticCategory', 'SyntacticPhenomenon'], ['TenseFeature', 'MorphosyntacticFeature', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Tense feature', 'Morphosyntactic feature', 'Morphosyntactic phenomenon']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Tempus', 'Morphosyntaktisches Merkmal', 'Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen']
### BLL top node:
['MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'PhonologicalPhenomenon', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'SyntacticPhenomenon', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'LexicalPhenomenon']
### DDC ID:
ddc:435
### Other subjects:
['Deutsch', 'Verb', 'Imperfekt', 'Perfekt', 'kontrastive Grammatik', 'Mundart Schwäbisch', 'Jiddisch', 'Polnisch']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
3043 | Deutsch und Polnisch im Kontrast - Bericht über ein Forschungsunternehmen | deu | doc-type:bookPart | [
"Autor prezentuje pierwszq naukowq, niemiecko-polskq gramatyk^ kontrastywnq, ktöra ukaze sie przypuszczalnie w roku 1994. Ta dwutomowa gramatyka, opraco- wana przez niemieckich i polskich germanistöw oraz slawistöw, stawia sobie za pod- stawowy cel ukazanie obydwu jezyköw w ich wzajemnych relacjach i stworzenie tym samym podstaw dla efektywniejszego nauczania jQzyköw obcych (jezyk polski jako jgzyk obey, jezyk niemiecki jako jezyk obey). Poniewaz ta nowa gramatyka uwzgl^d- nia w jednakowym stopniu wymagania kontrastywne, komunikatywne i dydaktyczne, okreslic mozna jqröwniez mianem gramatyki pedagogicznej.",
"Der Verfasser stellt die erste wissenschaftliche, deutsch-polnisch kontrastive Grammatik vor, die voraussichtlich 1994 erscheinen wird. Die von deutschen und polnischen Germanisten und Slawisten verfaßte zweibändige Grammatik verfolgt den Hauptzweck, beide Sprachen in ihrem gegenseitigen Verhältnis zu zeigen und so die Grundlage für einen effektiveren Fremdsprachenunterricht zu schaffen (Polnisch als Fremdsprache, Deutsch als Fremdsprache). Insofern kann diese neue Grammatik auch als eine pädagogische bezeichnet werden, da sie kontrastive, kommunikative und didaktische Forderungen gleichermaßen berücksichtigt.",
"The author presents the first Scientific German-Polish Contrastive Grammar that will presumably be published in 1994. The grammar book of two volumes has been elaborated by german and polish germanists and slavists. Its main object is to show relations between both languages and thereby create a basis for a more effective foreign language teaching (Polish as a foreign language, German as a foreign language). Sive the new grammar book meets in equal extent the requirements concerning contrastive, communicative and didactic approach, it can also be qualified as being pedagogical."
] | ddc:435 | [
"Deutsch",
"kontrastive Grammatik",
"Polnisch",
"Forschungsprojekt"
] | [
"bllo:Grammar",
"bllo:bll-13311712X",
"bllo:bll-133070158",
"bllo:bll-133072487",
"bllo:bll-133070158",
"bllo:bll-133118894",
"bllo:bll-133071669",
"bllo:Grammar",
"bllo:bll-133098893",
"bllo:bll-182473287",
"bllo:bll-133118894",
"bllo:bll-133072487"
] | [
[
"Grammar",
"Grammatik"
],
[
"Object",
"Objekt"
],
[
"German",
"Deutsch"
],
[
"Foreign language teaching",
"Fremdsprachenunterricht"
],
[
"German",
"Deutsch"
],
[
"Polish",
"Polnisch"
],
[
"Language teaching",
"Sprachunterricht"
],
[
"Grammar",
"Grammatik"
],
[
"Mossi",
"More"
],
[
"Nias",
"Niassisch"
],
[
"Polish",
"Polnisch"
],
[
"Foreign language teaching",
"Fremdsprachenunterricht"
]
] | [
[
"LanguageDescription",
"LanguageResourceType",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"SyntacticRole",
"SyntacticFeature",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"WestSlavic",
"bll-133122794",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"LanguageDescription",
"LanguageResourceType",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"Oti-Volta",
"NorthernGur",
"CentralGur",
"bll-133102556",
"bll-133076199",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"NorthwestSumatra-BarrierIslands",
"Malayo-Polynesian",
"bll-133078795",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"WestSlavic",
"bll-133122794",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
]
] | [
[
[
"Syntactic role",
"Syntaktische Rolle"
],
[
"Syntactic feature",
"Syntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"West Slavic",
"Westslawisch"
],
[
"Slavic languages",
"Slawische Sprachen"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Oti-Volta",
"Oti-Volta"
],
[
"Northern Gur",
"Nord-Gur"
],
[
"Central Gur",
"Zentral-Gur"
],
[
"Gur",
"Gur-Sprachen"
],
[
"Niger-Congo languages",
"Niger-Kongo-Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Northwest Sumatra-Barrier Islands",
"Nordwest-Sumatra-Barrier-Insel"
],
[
"Malayo-Polynesian",
"Malayo-Polynesisch"
],
[
"Austronesian languages",
"Austronesische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"West Slavic",
"Westslawisch"
],
[
"Slavic languages",
"Slawische Sprachen"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Deutsch und Polnisch im Kontrast - Bericht über ein Forschungsunternehmen
### Abstract:
Autor prezentuje pierwszq naukowq, niemiecko-polskq gramatyk^ kontrastywnq, ktöra ukaze sie przypuszczalnie w roku 1994. Ta dwutomowa gramatyka, opraco- wana przez niemieckich i polskich germanistöw oraz slawistöw, stawia sobie za pod- stawowy cel ukazanie obydwu jezyköw w ich wzajemnych relacjach i stworzenie tym samym podstaw dla efektywniejszego nauczania jQzyköw obcych (jezyk polski jako jgzyk obey, jezyk niemiecki jako jezyk obey). Poniewaz ta nowa gramatyka uwzgl^d- nia w jednakowym stopniu wymagania kontrastywne, komunikatywne i dydaktyczne, okreslic mozna jqröwniez mianem gramatyki pedagogicznej. Der Verfasser stellt die erste wissenschaftliche, deutsch-polnisch kontrastive Grammatik vor, die voraussichtlich 1994 erscheinen wird. Die von deutschen und polnischen Germanisten und Slawisten verfaßte zweibändige Grammatik verfolgt den Hauptzweck, beide Sprachen in ihrem gegenseitigen Verhältnis zu zeigen und so die Grundlage für einen effektiveren Fremdsprachenunterricht zu schaffen (Polnisch als Fremdsprache, Deutsch als Fremdsprache). Insofern kann diese neue Grammatik auch als eine pädagogische bezeichnet werden, da sie kontrastive, kommunikative und didaktische Forderungen gleichermaßen berücksichtigt. The author presents the first Scientific German-Polish Contrastive Grammar that will presumably be published in 1994. The grammar book of two volumes has been elaborated by german and polish germanists and slavists. Its main object is to show relations between both languages and thereby create a basis for a more effective foreign language teaching (Polish as a foreign language, German as a foreign language). Sive the new grammar book meets in equal extent the requirements concerning contrastive, communicative and didactic approach, it can also be qualified as being pedagogical.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:Grammar', 'bllo:bll-13311712X', 'bllo:bll-133070158', 'bllo:bll-133072487', 'bllo:bll-133070158', 'bllo:bll-133118894', 'bllo:bll-133071669', 'bllo:Grammar', 'bllo:bll-133098893', 'bllo:bll-182473287', 'bllo:bll-133118894', 'bllo:bll-133072487']
### BLL class (en):
['Grammar', 'Object', 'German', 'Foreign language teaching', 'German', 'Polish', 'Language teaching', 'Grammar', 'Mossi', 'Nias', 'Polish', 'Foreign language teaching']
### BLL class (de):
['Grammatik', 'Objekt', 'Deutsch', 'Fremdsprachenunterricht', 'Deutsch', 'Polnisch', 'Sprachunterricht', 'Grammatik', 'More', 'Niassisch', 'Polnisch', 'Fremdsprachenunterricht']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['LanguageDescription', 'LanguageResourceType', 'LanguageResourceInformation'], ['SyntacticRole', 'SyntacticFeature', 'SyntacticPhenomenon'], ['WestGermanic', 'bll-133070166', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['ResearchTopic', 'OtherLinguisticTerm'], ['WestGermanic', 'bll-133070166', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['WestSlavic', 'bll-133122794', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['ResearchTopic', 'OtherLinguisticTerm'], ['LanguageDescription', 'LanguageResourceType', 'LanguageResourceInformation'], ['Oti-Volta', 'NorthernGur', 'CentralGur', 'bll-133102556', 'bll-133076199', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['NorthwestSumatra-BarrierIslands', 'Malayo-Polynesian', 'bll-133078795', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['WestSlavic', 'bll-133122794', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['ResearchTopic', 'OtherLinguisticTerm']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Syntactic role', 'Syntactic feature', 'Syntactic phenomenon']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Syntaktische Rolle', 'Syntaktisches Merkmal', 'Syntaktisches Phänomen']
### BLL top node:
['LanguageResourceInformation', 'SyntacticPhenomenon', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'OtherLinguisticTerm', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'OtherLinguisticTerm', 'LanguageResourceInformation', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'OtherLinguisticTerm']
### DDC ID:
ddc:435
### Other subjects:
['Deutsch', 'kontrastive Grammatik', 'Polnisch', 'Forschungsprojekt']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
3050 | Wortklassen | deu | doc-type:article | [
"The aim of this article is to separate traditional morphological categories on the basis of uniform criteria in order to avoid problems of delimitation, classification and gaps. In the analysis of morphological categories (parts of speech, lexical units and other) two fundamental principles were adopted:\r\n1. Classification is based on word distribution in the widest sense of the word\r\n2. Particular morphological categories are defined in a definite order, and each definition’s character is that of a filter which distinguishes the relevant (appropriate) elements, whereas the other ones are transferred to the next filter.\r\nIn this way fifteen morphological categories have been defined."
] | ddc:435 | [
"Deutsch",
"Wortart",
"Morphologie <Linguistik>"
] | [
"bllo:Distribution",
"bllo:Word",
"bllo:bll-133078108"
] | [
[
"Distribution",
"Distribution"
],
[
"Word",
"Wort"
],
[
"Article",
"Artikel"
]
] | [
[
"GeneralLinguisticNotion",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"LexicalCategory",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133089118",
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"General linguistic notion",
"Allgemeinlinguistisches Konzept"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical category",
"Lexikalische Kategorie"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Determiner",
"Determiner"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Wortklassen
### Abstract:
The aim of this article is to separate traditional morphological categories on the basis of uniform criteria in order to avoid problems of delimitation, classification and gaps. In the analysis of morphological categories (parts of speech, lexical units and other) two fundamental principles were adopted:
1. Classification is based on word distribution in the widest sense of the word
2. Particular morphological categories are defined in a definite order, and each definition’s character is that of a filter which distinguishes the relevant (appropriate) elements, whereas the other ones are transferred to the next filter.
In this way fifteen morphological categories have been defined.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:Distribution', 'bllo:Word', 'bllo:bll-133078108']
### BLL class (en):
['Distribution', 'Word', 'Article']
### BLL class (de):
['Distribution', 'Wort', 'Artikel']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['GeneralLinguisticNotion', 'OtherLinguisticTerm'], ['LexicalCategory', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['bll-133089118', 'MorphosyntacticCategory', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['General linguistic notion', 'Other linguistic term']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Allgemeinlinguistisches Konzept', 'Anderer linguistischer Begriff']
### BLL top node:
['OtherLinguisticTerm', 'LexicalPhenomenon', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon']
### DDC ID:
ddc:435
### Other subjects:
['Deutsch', 'Wortart', 'Morphologie <Linguistik>']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
3056 | Satzstruktur und adverbiale Subordination. Eine Studie zum Deutschen und zum Italienischen | deu | doc-type:article | [
"This paper investigates the syntactic behaviour of adverbial clauses in contemporary German and Italian. It focuses on three main questions: (i) How many degrees of syntactic integration of adverbial clauses are there to be distinguished by an adequate grammatical description of the two languages? (ii) Which linear and hierarchical positions in the structure of the matrix sentence can be occupied by adverbial clauses? (iii) Which is the empirical distribution of adverbial clauses introduced by the conjunctions als, während, wenn, obwohl and weil in German, as well as quando, mentre, se, sebbene and perché in Italian? \r\nResponding to question (i), a distinction is drawn between strongly integrated, weakly integrated and syntactically disintegrated adverbial clauses. There are further degrees on the gradient of syntactic integration, which are not examined in this paper. Responding to question (ii), eight classes of structural positions in the matrix sentence are identified that can be occupied by adverbial clauses. Five of them are positions of syntactic integration, three are positions of disintegration. Responding to question (iii), the distribution of the ten classes of adverbial clauses is described on the basis of a corpus of internet data. Strongly integrated, weakly integrated and disintegrated adverbial clauses show clearly different distributions within the structure of the matrix sentence. Also the semantic classes of adverbial clauses (temporal, adversative, conditional, concessive, causal) are distributed differently."
] | ddc:435 | [
"Deutsch",
"Syntax",
"Italienisch",
"Adverbialsatz"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133070158",
"bllo:Distribution",
"bllo:Corpus",
"bllo:bll-133087336",
"bllo:Sentence",
"bllo:bll-13307448X",
"bllo:bll-18533539X",
"bllo:bll-133070670"
] | [
[
"German",
"Deutsch"
],
[
"Distribution",
"Distribution"
],
[
"Corpus",
"Korpus"
],
[
"Conditional",
"Konditional"
],
[
"Sentence",
"Satz"
],
[
"Semantics",
"Semantik"
],
[
"Internet",
"Internet"
],
[
"Italian",
"Italienisch"
]
] | [
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"GeneralLinguisticNotion",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"LanguageResourceType",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"MoodFeature",
"MorphosyntacticFeature",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"Constituent",
"SyntacticCategory",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133070549",
"bll-133096246",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
]
] | [
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"General linguistic notion",
"Allgemeinlinguistisches Konzept"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Mood feature",
"Modus"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic feature",
"Morphosyntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Constituent",
"Konstituente"
],
[
"Syntactic category",
"Syntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Romance",
"Romanisch"
],
[
"Italic languages",
"Italische Sprachen"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Satzstruktur und adverbiale Subordination. Eine Studie zum Deutschen und zum Italienischen
### Abstract:
This paper investigates the syntactic behaviour of adverbial clauses in contemporary German and Italian. It focuses on three main questions: (i) How many degrees of syntactic integration of adverbial clauses are there to be distinguished by an adequate grammatical description of the two languages? (ii) Which linear and hierarchical positions in the structure of the matrix sentence can be occupied by adverbial clauses? (iii) Which is the empirical distribution of adverbial clauses introduced by the conjunctions als, während, wenn, obwohl and weil in German, as well as quando, mentre, se, sebbene and perché in Italian?
Responding to question (i), a distinction is drawn between strongly integrated, weakly integrated and syntactically disintegrated adverbial clauses. There are further degrees on the gradient of syntactic integration, which are not examined in this paper. Responding to question (ii), eight classes of structural positions in the matrix sentence are identified that can be occupied by adverbial clauses. Five of them are positions of syntactic integration, three are positions of disintegration. Responding to question (iii), the distribution of the ten classes of adverbial clauses is described on the basis of a corpus of internet data. Strongly integrated, weakly integrated and disintegrated adverbial clauses show clearly different distributions within the structure of the matrix sentence. Also the semantic classes of adverbial clauses (temporal, adversative, conditional, concessive, causal) are distributed differently.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-133070158', 'bllo:Distribution', 'bllo:Corpus', 'bllo:bll-133087336', 'bllo:Sentence', 'bllo:bll-13307448X', 'bllo:bll-18533539X', 'bllo:bll-133070670']
### BLL class (en):
['German', 'Distribution', 'Corpus', 'Conditional', 'Sentence', 'Semantics', 'Internet', 'Italian']
### BLL class (de):
['Deutsch', 'Distribution', 'Korpus', 'Konditional', 'Satz', 'Semantik', 'Internet', 'Italienisch']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['WestGermanic', 'bll-133070166', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['GeneralLinguisticNotion', 'OtherLinguisticTerm'], ['LanguageResourceType', 'LanguageResourceInformation'], ['MoodFeature', 'MorphosyntacticFeature', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon'], ['Constituent', 'SyntacticCategory', 'SyntacticPhenomenon'], ['ResearchTopic', 'OtherLinguisticTerm'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['bll-133070549', 'bll-133096246', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['West Germanic', 'Germanic', 'Indo-European languages', 'Language-related term']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Westgermanisch', 'Germanisch', 'Indoeuropäische Sprachen', 'Sprachbezeichner']
### BLL top node:
['LanguageRelatedTerm', 'OtherLinguisticTerm', 'LanguageResourceInformation', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'SyntacticPhenomenon', 'OtherLinguisticTerm', 'LexicalPhenomenon', 'LanguageRelatedTerm']
### DDC ID:
ddc:435
### Other subjects:
['Deutsch', 'Syntax', 'Italienisch', 'Adverbialsatz']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
3066 | Nemeckij v severnom Tadžikistane | rus | doc-type:doctoralThesis | [
"Untersuchungsgegenstand sind deutsche Dialekte in Tadshikistan im soziolinguistischen und historisch-linguistischen Kontext. Eingesetzt zur Erhebung von linguistischen und soziolinguistischen Materialien wurden der Wenker-Fragebogen und andere Fragebögen, die in Russland entwickelt wurden."
] | ddc:437 | [
"Deutsch",
"Mundart",
"Tadshikistan",
"Sprachinsel"
] | [] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Nemeckij v severnom Tadžikistane
### Abstract:
Untersuchungsgegenstand sind deutsche Dialekte in Tadshikistan im soziolinguistischen und historisch-linguistischen Kontext. Eingesetzt zur Erhebung von linguistischen und soziolinguistischen Materialien wurden der Wenker-Fragebogen und andere Fragebögen, die in Russland entwickelt wurden.
### BLL class ID:
[]
### BLL class (en):
[]
### BLL class (de):
[]
### BLL superclass ID:
[]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
[]
### BLL superclass literals (de):
[]
### BLL top node:
[]
### DDC ID:
ddc:437
### Other subjects:
['Deutsch', 'Mundart', 'Tadshikistan', 'Sprachinsel']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
315 | Überlegungen zum Adverb | deu | doc-type:article | [
"Die Beschreibung von Elementen wie fröhlich in Paul kam fröhlich durch die Tür führt zu Schwierigkeiten, die sich auch in terminologischen Unsicherheiten widerspiegeln. Ob sie, wie bei G. Helbig - H.Buscha, Deutsche Grammatik, S. 194 'prädikative Attribute' heißen, oder ob wie bei R. Bartsch, Adverbialsemantik, S. 140 von 'Attributionen zum Satzsubjekt oder Akkusativobjekt in adverbialer Position' gesprochen wird, die Zwiespältigkeit der Benennungen gibt genau das Dilemma der Erklärungsversuche wieder. Elemente der genannten Art zeigen Merkmale attributiven und adverbialen Verhaltens. Im folgenden sollen Argumente dafür beigebracht werden, daß es sich um Erscheinungen handelt, denen ein dem Adverbiale ähnlicher syntaktischer Status zuerkannt werden muß. Gleichzeitig soll deutlich gemacht werden, daß und wie sich diese Position vom Adverbiale unterscheidet. Dazu wird eine terminologische Regelung vorgeschlagen, die diesen beiden Tatbeständen Rechnung trägt ."
] | ddc:435 | [] | [
"bllo:bll-133072851",
"bllo:Grammar",
"bllo:bll-133078418"
] | [
[
"Features",
"Merkmale"
],
[
"Grammar",
"Grammatik"
],
[
"Attribute",
"Attribut"
]
] | [
[
"PhonologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"LanguageDescription",
"LanguageResourceType",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"SyntacticRole",
"SyntacticFeature",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Phonological phenomenon",
"Phonologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Syntactic role",
"Syntaktische Rolle"
],
[
"Syntactic feature",
"Syntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"PhonologicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Überlegungen zum Adverb
### Abstract:
Die Beschreibung von Elementen wie fröhlich in Paul kam fröhlich durch die Tür führt zu Schwierigkeiten, die sich auch in terminologischen Unsicherheiten widerspiegeln. Ob sie, wie bei G. Helbig - H.Buscha, Deutsche Grammatik, S. 194 'prädikative Attribute' heißen, oder ob wie bei R. Bartsch, Adverbialsemantik, S. 140 von 'Attributionen zum Satzsubjekt oder Akkusativobjekt in adverbialer Position' gesprochen wird, die Zwiespältigkeit der Benennungen gibt genau das Dilemma der Erklärungsversuche wieder. Elemente der genannten Art zeigen Merkmale attributiven und adverbialen Verhaltens. Im folgenden sollen Argumente dafür beigebracht werden, daß es sich um Erscheinungen handelt, denen ein dem Adverbiale ähnlicher syntaktischer Status zuerkannt werden muß. Gleichzeitig soll deutlich gemacht werden, daß und wie sich diese Position vom Adverbiale unterscheidet. Dazu wird eine terminologische Regelung vorgeschlagen, die diesen beiden Tatbeständen Rechnung trägt .
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-133072851', 'bllo:Grammar', 'bllo:bll-133078418']
### BLL class (en):
['Features', 'Grammar', 'Attribute']
### BLL class (de):
['Merkmale', 'Grammatik', 'Attribut']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['PhonologicalPhenomenon'], ['LanguageDescription', 'LanguageResourceType', 'LanguageResourceInformation'], ['SyntacticRole', 'SyntacticFeature', 'SyntacticPhenomenon']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Phonological phenomenon']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Phonologisches Phänomen']
### BLL top node:
['PhonologicalPhenomenon', 'LanguageResourceInformation', 'SyntacticPhenomenon']
### DDC ID:
ddc:435
### Other subjects:
[]
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
3171 | Ditransitive transfer constructions and their prepositional variants in German and Romanian: an empirical survey | eng | doc-type:bookPart | [
"This contribution offers a fine-grained analysis of German and Romanian ditransitive and prepositional transfer constructions. The transfer construction (TC) is shown to be realised in German by 26 argument structure patterns (ASPs), which are conceived of as form-meaning pairings which differ only minimally. The mainstream constructionist view of the different types of TCs being related by polysemy links is rejected, the ASPs being argued instead to be related by family relationships. All but six of the ASPs identified for German are shown to possess a Romanian counterpart. For some ditransitive structures, German is shown to possess two prepositional variants, one with an (‘at’) and one with zu (‘to’) or auf (‘on’), while Romanian has only one. Due to the lack of a Romanian counterpart for the German zu and auf variants, Romanian lacks some of the dative alternations found in German. However, Romanian as well as German permits the double object pattern to interact with take-verbs, verbs of removal and add-verbs, which do not allow the ditransitive construction in English. Since these verb classes also permit at least one prepositional pattern in both languages, Romanian and German show a larger number of dative alternation types than English.",
"In diesem Beitrag werden deutsche und rumänische ditransitive und präpositionale Transfer-Konstruktionen feinkörnig analysiert. Es wird gezeigt, dass die Transfer-Konstruktion (TC) im Deutschen durch 26 Argumentstrukturmuster (ASPs: argument structure patterns), d.h. minimal unterschiedliche FormBedeutungspaare, realisiert ist. Die gängige konstruktionsgrammatische Auffassung, nach der die unterschiedlichen Typen von Transfer-Konstruktionen durch Polysemiebeziehungen miteinander verbunden sind, wird zugunsten eines Modells verworfen, das von Verwandtschaftsbeziehungen zwischen unterschiedlichen Transfer-Konstruktionen ausgeht. Alle bis auf sechs dieser ASP haben eine Entsprechung im Rumänischen. Während es im Deutschen in manchen Fällen zwei präpositionale Entsprechungen für eine einzige ditransitive Struktur gibt, nämlich eine mit an (‘at’) und eine mit zu (‘to’) oder auf (‘on’), weist das Rumänische jeweils nur eine präpositionale Variante für eine ditransitive Struktur auf. Demzufolge fehlen im Rumänischen manche Typen der Dativalternationen, die im Deutschen möglich sind. Das Doppel-Objekt-Muster tritt aber sowohl im Deutschen als auch im Rumänischen mit nehmenVerben, enfernen-Verben und hinzufügen-Verben auf, die im Englischen nicht mit der Ditransitiv-Kon- struktion Vorkommen. Da diese Verben in beiden Sprachen auch mit mindestens einem präpositionalen Muster Vorkommen können, weisen sowohl das Rumänische als auch das Deutsche insgesamt eine größere Anzahl an unterschiedlichen Typen von Dativalternationen auf."
] | ddc:435 | [
"Argumentstruktur",
"Deutsch",
"Rumänisch"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133070158",
"bllo:bll-133127125",
"bllo:bll-133070409",
"bllo:bll-133073408",
"bllo:Ditransitive",
"bllo:bll-133085708",
"bllo:Polysemy",
"bllo:bll-133076873",
"bllo:bll-13311712X",
"bllo:bll-133087964",
"bllo:bll-133070905"
] | [
[
"German",
"Deutsch"
],
[
"Verb",
"Verb"
],
[
"English",
"Englisch"
],
[
"Number",
"Numerus"
],
[
"Ditransitive",
"Ditransitiv"
],
[
"Double object",
"Doppeltes Objekt"
],
[
"Polysemy",
"Polysemie"
],
[
"Alternation",
"Alternation"
],
[
"Object",
"Objekt"
],
[
"Dative",
"Dativ"
],
[
"Romanian",
"Rumänisch"
]
] | [
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"ValencyFeature",
"SyntacticFeature",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"LexicalRelation",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"ProsodicPhenomenon",
"PhonologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"SyntacticRole",
"SyntacticFeature",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"CaseFeature",
"MorphosyntacticFeature",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133070549",
"bll-133096246",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
]
] | [
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Valency feature",
"Valenz"
],
[
"Syntactic feature",
"Syntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical relation",
"Lexikalische Relation"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Prosodic phenomenon",
"Prosodisches Phänomen"
],
[
"Phonological phenomenon",
"Phonologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Syntactic role",
"Syntaktische Rolle"
],
[
"Syntactic feature",
"Syntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Case feature",
"Kasus"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic feature",
"Morphosyntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Romance",
"Romanisch"
],
[
"Italic languages",
"Italische Sprachen"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"PhonologicalPhenomenon",
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Ditransitive transfer constructions and their prepositional variants in German and Romanian: an empirical survey
### Abstract:
This contribution offers a fine-grained analysis of German and Romanian ditransitive and prepositional transfer constructions. The transfer construction (TC) is shown to be realised in German by 26 argument structure patterns (ASPs), which are conceived of as form-meaning pairings which differ only minimally. The mainstream constructionist view of the different types of TCs being related by polysemy links is rejected, the ASPs being argued instead to be related by family relationships. All but six of the ASPs identified for German are shown to possess a Romanian counterpart. For some ditransitive structures, German is shown to possess two prepositional variants, one with an (‘at’) and one with zu (‘to’) or auf (‘on’), while Romanian has only one. Due to the lack of a Romanian counterpart for the German zu and auf variants, Romanian lacks some of the dative alternations found in German. However, Romanian as well as German permits the double object pattern to interact with take-verbs, verbs of removal and add-verbs, which do not allow the ditransitive construction in English. Since these verb classes also permit at least one prepositional pattern in both languages, Romanian and German show a larger number of dative alternation types than English. In diesem Beitrag werden deutsche und rumänische ditransitive und präpositionale Transfer-Konstruktionen feinkörnig analysiert. Es wird gezeigt, dass die Transfer-Konstruktion (TC) im Deutschen durch 26 Argumentstrukturmuster (ASPs: argument structure patterns), d.h. minimal unterschiedliche FormBedeutungspaare, realisiert ist. Die gängige konstruktionsgrammatische Auffassung, nach der die unterschiedlichen Typen von Transfer-Konstruktionen durch Polysemiebeziehungen miteinander verbunden sind, wird zugunsten eines Modells verworfen, das von Verwandtschaftsbeziehungen zwischen unterschiedlichen Transfer-Konstruktionen ausgeht. Alle bis auf sechs dieser ASP haben eine Entsprechung im Rumänischen. Während es im Deutschen in manchen Fällen zwei präpositionale Entsprechungen für eine einzige ditransitive Struktur gibt, nämlich eine mit an (‘at’) und eine mit zu (‘to’) oder auf (‘on’), weist das Rumänische jeweils nur eine präpositionale Variante für eine ditransitive Struktur auf. Demzufolge fehlen im Rumänischen manche Typen der Dativalternationen, die im Deutschen möglich sind. Das Doppel-Objekt-Muster tritt aber sowohl im Deutschen als auch im Rumänischen mit nehmenVerben, enfernen-Verben und hinzufügen-Verben auf, die im Englischen nicht mit der Ditransitiv-Kon- struktion Vorkommen. Da diese Verben in beiden Sprachen auch mit mindestens einem präpositionalen Muster Vorkommen können, weisen sowohl das Rumänische als auch das Deutsche insgesamt eine größere Anzahl an unterschiedlichen Typen von Dativalternationen auf.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-133070158', 'bllo:bll-133127125', 'bllo:bll-133070409', 'bllo:bll-133073408', 'bllo:Ditransitive', 'bllo:bll-133085708', 'bllo:Polysemy', 'bllo:bll-133076873', 'bllo:bll-13311712X', 'bllo:bll-133087964', 'bllo:bll-133070905']
### BLL class (en):
['German', 'Verb', 'English', 'Number', 'Ditransitive', 'Double object', 'Polysemy', 'Alternation', 'Object', 'Dative', 'Romanian']
### BLL class (de):
['Deutsch', 'Verb', 'Englisch', 'Numerus', 'Ditransitiv', 'Doppeltes Objekt', 'Polysemie', 'Alternation', 'Objekt', 'Dativ', 'Rumänisch']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['WestGermanic', 'bll-133070166', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['MorphosyntacticCategory', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon'], ['WestGermanic', 'bll-133070166', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['ValencyFeature', 'SyntacticFeature', 'SyntacticPhenomenon'], ['LexicalRelation', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['ProsodicPhenomenon', 'PhonologicalPhenomenon'], ['SyntacticRole', 'SyntacticFeature', 'SyntacticPhenomenon'], ['CaseFeature', 'MorphosyntacticFeature', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon'], ['bll-133070549', 'bll-133096246', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['West Germanic', 'Germanic', 'Indo-European languages', 'Language-related term']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Westgermanisch', 'Germanisch', 'Indoeuropäische Sprachen', 'Sprachbezeichner']
### BLL top node:
['LanguageRelatedTerm', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'SyntacticPhenomenon', 'LexicalPhenomenon', 'PhonologicalPhenomenon', 'SyntacticPhenomenon', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'LanguageRelatedTerm']
### DDC ID:
ddc:435
### Other subjects:
['Argumentstruktur', 'Deutsch', 'Rumänisch']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
3174 | Verbale und nominale Infinitive - Strukturelle Eigenschaften und Funktion als Subjekt | deu | doc-type:bookPart | [
"Der vorliegende Beitrag besteht aus zwei größeren Teilen: Zum einen (vgl. Abschnitt 2) werden strukturelle Eigenschaften des Infinitivs, oder vielmehr der Infinitive, im Deutschen und Rumänischen erörtert und miteinander verglichen. Leitthema ist dabei die Frage nach dem Verhältnis von Verbalität und Nominalität der Formen. Berücksichtigt werden die Beschreibungsbereiche Morphologie, externe und interne Syntax. Dieser empirischen Erörterung vorausgeschickt (vgl. Abschnitt 1) wird der Versuch einer Begriffsbestimmung: Wie kann, wenn überhaupt, ‘Infinitiv’ übereinzelsprachlich definiert werden? Auf dieser Basis wird zum anderen (vgl. Abschnitt 3) eine prototypische syntaktische Funktion von Infinitiven, die Subjektfunktion, einer vergleichenden Analyse unterzogen. Strukturelle und semantische Beschränkungen für Infinitive in Subjektfunktion in den beiden Vergleichssprachen werden untersucht. Speziell im Falle kausativer Verben als Prädikatsverben lassen sich relevante Unterschiede zwischen dem Deutschen und Rumänischen feststellen. Die Verwendungsrestriktionen für die Subjektfunktion der deutschen und rumänischen Infinitive werden in Beziehung gesetzt zu Eigenschaften der „Orientierung“ bzw. „Kontrolle“ der Infinitivformen. Ausgehend davon lassen sich tendenziell auch feine Gebrauchsunterschiede für den verbalen und nominalen Infinitiv im Deutschen ausmachen.",
"In the present paper we discuss and compare the structural properties of the German and Romanian infinitive or rather infinitives. Our focus lies in determining the degree to which these structures are verbal or nominal. We are considering the morphology of the infinitives, their external and internal syntax. Before focussing on this empirical examination we make an attempt at answering the question, to what extent, if at all, a cross-linguistic definition of the infinitive can be reached. On the other hand a prototypical syntactic function of infinitives - the subject function - is approached from a contrastive perspective. We examine structural and semantic restrictions on infinitives in subject function in both German and Romanian. Particularly in the case of causative verbs one can observe relevant differences between the two languages. The restrictions on the use of infinitival subjects are related to properties like “orientation” or “control” in infinitival forms. On this basis one can identify fine-grained differences in the usage of the verbal and nominal infinitive in German."
] | ddc:435 | [
"Infinitivkonstruktion",
"Deutsch",
"Rumänisch",
"Nomen",
"Verb"
] | [
"bllo:bll-13307384X",
"bllo:bll-133111547",
"bllo:bll-133070158",
"bllo:bll-133073351",
"bllo:bll-13307448X",
"bllo:bll-133127141",
"bllo:bll-133073351",
"bllo:bll-13308552X",
"bllo:bll-133073424",
"bllo:bll-133124703",
"bllo:Focus",
"bllo:bll-13308552X",
"bllo:bll-133070905"
] | [
[
"Syntax",
"Syntax"
],
[
"Control",
"Kontrollbeziehung"
],
[
"German",
"Deutsch"
],
[
"Morphology",
"Morphologie"
],
[
"Semantics",
"Semantik"
],
[
"Causative verbs",
"Verba causativa"
],
[
"Morphology",
"Morphologie"
],
[
"Infinitive",
"Infinitiv"
],
[
"Case",
"Kasus"
],
[
"Subject",
"Subjekt"
],
[
"Focus",
"Fokus"
],
[
"Infinitive",
"Infinitiv"
],
[
"Romanian",
"Rumänisch"
]
] | [
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"SyntacticFeature",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"bll-133107426",
"NonfiniteVerb",
"bll-133127125",
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"CaseFeature",
"MorphosyntacticFeature",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"SyntacticRole",
"SyntacticFeature",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"PragmaticUnit",
"DiscoursePhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133107426",
"NonfiniteVerb",
"bll-133127125",
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133070549",
"bll-133096246",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
]
] | [
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Syntactic feature",
"Syntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Infinitive",
"Infinitiv"
],
[
"Nonfinite verb",
"Infinite Verbform"
],
[
"Verb",
"Verb"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Case feature",
"Kasus"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic feature",
"Morphosyntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
],
[
"Morphological phenomenon",
"Morphologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Syntactic role",
"Syntaktische Rolle"
],
[
"Syntactic feature",
"Syntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Pragmatic unit",
"Pragmatische Einheit"
],
[
"Discourse phenomenon",
"Diskursphänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Infinitive",
"Infinitiv"
],
[
"Nonfinite verb",
"Infinite Verbform"
],
[
"Verb",
"Verb"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Romance",
"Romanisch"
],
[
"Italic languages",
"Italische Sprachen"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
]
] | [
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon",
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"DiscoursePhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Verbale und nominale Infinitive - Strukturelle Eigenschaften und Funktion als Subjekt
### Abstract:
Der vorliegende Beitrag besteht aus zwei größeren Teilen: Zum einen (vgl. Abschnitt 2) werden strukturelle Eigenschaften des Infinitivs, oder vielmehr der Infinitive, im Deutschen und Rumänischen erörtert und miteinander verglichen. Leitthema ist dabei die Frage nach dem Verhältnis von Verbalität und Nominalität der Formen. Berücksichtigt werden die Beschreibungsbereiche Morphologie, externe und interne Syntax. Dieser empirischen Erörterung vorausgeschickt (vgl. Abschnitt 1) wird der Versuch einer Begriffsbestimmung: Wie kann, wenn überhaupt, ‘Infinitiv’ übereinzelsprachlich definiert werden? Auf dieser Basis wird zum anderen (vgl. Abschnitt 3) eine prototypische syntaktische Funktion von Infinitiven, die Subjektfunktion, einer vergleichenden Analyse unterzogen. Strukturelle und semantische Beschränkungen für Infinitive in Subjektfunktion in den beiden Vergleichssprachen werden untersucht. Speziell im Falle kausativer Verben als Prädikatsverben lassen sich relevante Unterschiede zwischen dem Deutschen und Rumänischen feststellen. Die Verwendungsrestriktionen für die Subjektfunktion der deutschen und rumänischen Infinitive werden in Beziehung gesetzt zu Eigenschaften der „Orientierung“ bzw. „Kontrolle“ der Infinitivformen. Ausgehend davon lassen sich tendenziell auch feine Gebrauchsunterschiede für den verbalen und nominalen Infinitiv im Deutschen ausmachen. In the present paper we discuss and compare the structural properties of the German and Romanian infinitive or rather infinitives. Our focus lies in determining the degree to which these structures are verbal or nominal. We are considering the morphology of the infinitives, their external and internal syntax. Before focussing on this empirical examination we make an attempt at answering the question, to what extent, if at all, a cross-linguistic definition of the infinitive can be reached. On the other hand a prototypical syntactic function of infinitives - the subject function - is approached from a contrastive perspective. We examine structural and semantic restrictions on infinitives in subject function in both German and Romanian. Particularly in the case of causative verbs one can observe relevant differences between the two languages. The restrictions on the use of infinitival subjects are related to properties like “orientation” or “control” in infinitival forms. On this basis one can identify fine-grained differences in the usage of the verbal and nominal infinitive in German.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-13307384X', 'bllo:bll-133111547', 'bllo:bll-133070158', 'bllo:bll-133073351', 'bllo:bll-13307448X', 'bllo:bll-133127141', 'bllo:bll-133073351', 'bllo:bll-13308552X', 'bllo:bll-133073424', 'bllo:bll-133124703', 'bllo:Focus', 'bllo:bll-13308552X', 'bllo:bll-133070905']
### BLL class (en):
['Syntax', 'Control', 'German', 'Morphology', 'Semantics', 'Causative verbs', 'Morphology', 'Infinitive', 'Case', 'Subject', 'Focus', 'Infinitive', 'Romanian']
### BLL class (de):
['Syntax', 'Kontrollbeziehung', 'Deutsch', 'Morphologie', 'Semantik', 'Verba causativa', 'Morphologie', 'Infinitiv', 'Kasus', 'Subjekt', 'Fokus', 'Infinitiv', 'Rumänisch']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['ResearchTopic', 'OtherLinguisticTerm'], ['SyntacticFeature', 'SyntacticPhenomenon'], ['WestGermanic', 'bll-133070166', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['ResearchTopic', 'OtherLinguisticTerm'], ['ResearchTopic', 'OtherLinguisticTerm'], ['ResearchTopic', 'OtherLinguisticTerm'], ['bll-133107426', 'NonfiniteVerb', 'bll-133127125', 'MorphosyntacticCategory', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon'], ['CaseFeature', 'MorphosyntacticFeature', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'MorphologicalPhenomenon'], ['SyntacticRole', 'SyntacticFeature', 'SyntacticPhenomenon'], ['PragmaticUnit', 'DiscoursePhenomenon'], ['bll-133107426', 'NonfiniteVerb', 'bll-133127125', 'MorphosyntacticCategory', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon'], ['bll-133070549', 'bll-133096246', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Research topic', 'Other linguistic term']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Forschungsthema', 'Anderer linguistischer Begriff']
### BLL top node:
['OtherLinguisticTerm', 'SyntacticPhenomenon', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'OtherLinguisticTerm', 'OtherLinguisticTerm', 'OtherLinguisticTerm', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'MorphologicalPhenomenon', 'SyntacticPhenomenon', 'DiscoursePhenomenon', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'LanguageRelatedTerm']
### DDC ID:
ddc:435
### Other subjects:
['Infinitivkonstruktion', 'Deutsch', 'Rumänisch', 'Nomen', 'Verb']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
3175 | Subjektsätze als alternative Argumentrealisierungen im Deutschen und Rumänischen. Eine kontrastive quantitative Korpusstudie zu Psych-Verben | deu | doc-type:bookPart | [
"Der Aufsatz befasst sich mit den Besonderheiten der Struktur, der Funktion, der Selektion und des Gebrauchs von Subjektsätzen im Deutschen und Rumänischen. Am Beispiel der Argumentrealisierung bei Psych-Verben wird erkundet, inwiefern sprachübergreifende semantische Bedingungen diese Besonderheiten erklären und in welchem Maße sie von einzelsprachlichen und lexikalischen Besonderheiten gesteuert sind. Im Fokus der Studie stehen dabei (i) die Einordnung des Deutschen und des Rumänischen hinsichtlich der zu beobachtenden typologischen Varianz bei Subjektsätzen, (ii) die Besonderheiten der Aufteilung von Argumenten von Psych-Verben auf zwei Satzglieder durch Argumentdoppelung und Argumentspaltung und (iii) die Ermittlung verbidiosynkratischer, sprachspezifischer und sprachübergreifender Präferenzen bei der Realisierung der Argumente von Psych-Verben über eine quantitative Korpusstudie.",
"The article deals with the peculiarities of the structure, function, selection and usage of sentential subjects in German and Romanian. Focussing on the realization of the arguments of psych-verbs we will show to what degree these peculiarities can be explained by cross-linguistic semantic conditions on the one hand and by language-specific or lexical properties on the other hand. Particular attention is given (i) to the description of German and Romanian with respect to the typological variance that can be observed with sentential subjects, (ii) to the tendency of psych-verbs to distribute an argument over two constituents by argument doubling or argument splitting, and (iii) to the detection of verb-idiosyncratic, language-specific and cross-linguistic preferences for the realization of psych- verb arguments on the basis of a quantitative corpus study."
] | ddc:435 | [
"Subjektsatz",
"Deutsch",
"Rumänisch"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133070158",
"bllo:bll-133078108",
"bllo:bll-133127125",
"bllo:Corpus",
"bllo:Focus",
"bllo:bll-13307448X",
"bllo:bll-133070905"
] | [
[
"German",
"Deutsch"
],
[
"Article",
"Artikel"
],
[
"Verb",
"Verb"
],
[
"Corpus",
"Korpus"
],
[
"Focus",
"Fokus"
],
[
"Semantics",
"Semantik"
],
[
"Romanian",
"Rumänisch"
]
] | [
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"bll-133089118",
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"LanguageResourceType",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"PragmaticUnit",
"DiscoursePhenomenon"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"bll-133070549",
"bll-133096246",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
]
] | [
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Determiner",
"Determiner"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Pragmatic unit",
"Pragmatische Einheit"
],
[
"Discourse phenomenon",
"Diskursphänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Romance",
"Romanisch"
],
[
"Italic languages",
"Italische Sprachen"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"DiscoursePhenomenon",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Subjektsätze als alternative Argumentrealisierungen im Deutschen und Rumänischen. Eine kontrastive quantitative Korpusstudie zu Psych-Verben
### Abstract:
Der Aufsatz befasst sich mit den Besonderheiten der Struktur, der Funktion, der Selektion und des Gebrauchs von Subjektsätzen im Deutschen und Rumänischen. Am Beispiel der Argumentrealisierung bei Psych-Verben wird erkundet, inwiefern sprachübergreifende semantische Bedingungen diese Besonderheiten erklären und in welchem Maße sie von einzelsprachlichen und lexikalischen Besonderheiten gesteuert sind. Im Fokus der Studie stehen dabei (i) die Einordnung des Deutschen und des Rumänischen hinsichtlich der zu beobachtenden typologischen Varianz bei Subjektsätzen, (ii) die Besonderheiten der Aufteilung von Argumenten von Psych-Verben auf zwei Satzglieder durch Argumentdoppelung und Argumentspaltung und (iii) die Ermittlung verbidiosynkratischer, sprachspezifischer und sprachübergreifender Präferenzen bei der Realisierung der Argumente von Psych-Verben über eine quantitative Korpusstudie. The article deals with the peculiarities of the structure, function, selection and usage of sentential subjects in German and Romanian. Focussing on the realization of the arguments of psych-verbs we will show to what degree these peculiarities can be explained by cross-linguistic semantic conditions on the one hand and by language-specific or lexical properties on the other hand. Particular attention is given (i) to the description of German and Romanian with respect to the typological variance that can be observed with sentential subjects, (ii) to the tendency of psych-verbs to distribute an argument over two constituents by argument doubling or argument splitting, and (iii) to the detection of verb-idiosyncratic, language-specific and cross-linguistic preferences for the realization of psych- verb arguments on the basis of a quantitative corpus study.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-133070158', 'bllo:bll-133078108', 'bllo:bll-133127125', 'bllo:Corpus', 'bllo:Focus', 'bllo:bll-13307448X', 'bllo:bll-133070905']
### BLL class (en):
['German', 'Article', 'Verb', 'Corpus', 'Focus', 'Semantics', 'Romanian']
### BLL class (de):
['Deutsch', 'Artikel', 'Verb', 'Korpus', 'Fokus', 'Semantik', 'Rumänisch']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['WestGermanic', 'bll-133070166', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['bll-133089118', 'MorphosyntacticCategory', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon'], ['MorphosyntacticCategory', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon'], ['LanguageResourceType', 'LanguageResourceInformation'], ['PragmaticUnit', 'DiscoursePhenomenon'], ['ResearchTopic', 'OtherLinguisticTerm'], ['bll-133070549', 'bll-133096246', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['West Germanic', 'Germanic', 'Indo-European languages', 'Language-related term']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Westgermanisch', 'Germanisch', 'Indoeuropäische Sprachen', 'Sprachbezeichner']
### BLL top node:
['LanguageRelatedTerm', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'LanguageResourceInformation', 'DiscoursePhenomenon', 'OtherLinguisticTerm', 'LanguageRelatedTerm']
### DDC ID:
ddc:435
### Other subjects:
['Subjektsatz', 'Deutsch', 'Rumänisch']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
3186 | Methoden zur Erstellung von Bedeutungsparaphrasenangaben | deu | doc-type:article | [
"Once a new word or a new meaning is added to a monolingual dictionary, the lexicographer is to provide a definition of this item. This paper focuses on the methodological challenges in writing such definitions. After a short discussion of the central terminology (method and definition), the article describes factors which inform this process: linguistic theories, linguistic and lexicographical methods, and types of definitions. Using the example of elexiko, a dictionary project of the Institute for the German language (IDS) in Mannheim, Germany, the paper finally showcases the compilation of definitions in a monolingual online dictionary of contemporary German."
] | ddc:433 | [
"einsprachiges Wörterbuch",
"Lemma",
"Lexikografie"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133070158",
"bllo:bll-133078108",
"bllo:Dictionary",
"bllo:Monolingual",
"bllo:Word",
"bllo:bll-133092534"
] | [
[
"German",
"Deutsch"
],
[
"Article",
"Artikel"
],
[
"Dictionary",
"Wörterbuch"
],
[
"Monolingual",
"Einsprachig"
],
[
"Word",
"Wort"
],
[
"Monolingual dictionary",
"Einsprachiges Wörterbuch"
]
] | [
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"bll-133089118",
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"LexicalOrConceptualResource",
"LanguageResourceType",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"LingualityTypeFeature",
"LanguageResourceFeature",
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"Monolingual"
],
[
"LexicalCategory",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"DictionaryTypeFeature",
"LanguageResourceFeature",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
]
] | [
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Determiner",
"Determiner"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical category",
"Lexikalische Kategorie"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Methoden zur Erstellung von Bedeutungsparaphrasenangaben
### Abstract:
Once a new word or a new meaning is added to a monolingual dictionary, the lexicographer is to provide a definition of this item. This paper focuses on the methodological challenges in writing such definitions. After a short discussion of the central terminology (method and definition), the article describes factors which inform this process: linguistic theories, linguistic and lexicographical methods, and types of definitions. Using the example of elexiko, a dictionary project of the Institute for the German language (IDS) in Mannheim, Germany, the paper finally showcases the compilation of definitions in a monolingual online dictionary of contemporary German.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-133070158', 'bllo:bll-133078108', 'bllo:Dictionary', 'bllo:Monolingual', 'bllo:Word', 'bllo:bll-133092534']
### BLL class (en):
['German', 'Article', 'Dictionary', 'Monolingual', 'Word', 'Monolingual dictionary']
### BLL class (de):
['Deutsch', 'Artikel', 'Wörterbuch', 'Einsprachig', 'Wort', 'Einsprachiges Wörterbuch']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['WestGermanic', 'bll-133070166', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['bll-133089118', 'MorphosyntacticCategory', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon'], ['LexicalOrConceptualResource', 'LanguageResourceType', 'LanguageResourceInformation'], ['LingualityTypeFeature', 'LanguageResourceFeature', 'LanguageResourceInformation', 'Monolingual'], ['LexicalCategory', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['DictionaryTypeFeature', 'LanguageResourceFeature', 'LanguageResourceInformation']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['West Germanic', 'Germanic', 'Indo-European languages', 'Language-related term']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Westgermanisch', 'Germanisch', 'Indoeuropäische Sprachen', 'Sprachbezeichner']
### BLL top node:
['LanguageRelatedTerm', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'LanguageResourceInformation', 'LanguageResourceInformation', 'LexicalPhenomenon', 'LanguageResourceInformation']
### DDC ID:
ddc:433
### Other subjects:
['einsprachiges Wörterbuch', 'Lemma', 'Lexikografie']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
3188 | Méthodes pour la représentation informatisée de données lexicales / Methoden der Speicherung lexikalischer Daten | fra | doc-type:article | [
"In recent years, new developments in the area of lexicography have altered not only the management, processing and publishing of lexicographical data, but also created new types of products such as electronic dictionaries and thesauri. These expand th range of possible uses of lexical data and support users with more flexibility, for instance in assisting human translation. In this article, we give a short and easy-to-understand introduction to the problematic nature of the storage, display and interpretation of lexical data. We then describe the main methods and specifications used to build and represent lexical data.",
"In diesem Beitrag werden zwei Darstellungen zur Speicherung lexikalischer Daten in zwei verschiedenen Sprachen prasentiert. Die Texte beschreiben zwar in einer parallelen Gliederung dieselben Themen, sind aber keine direkte Ubersetzung voneinander.Dieses Kapitel richtet sich an unterschiedliche Zielgruppen, neben Sprachwissenschaftler(inne)n und Lexikograph(inn)en richtet es sich auch an Informatiker(innen) und Computerlinguist(inn)en, die mehr uber die Grundlagen der Modellierung und Darstellung von digitalen Worterbuchern lernen mochten. Wir betrachten dieses Kapitel als moglichen Ausgangspunkt fur diejenigen, die lexikographische Projekte beginnen wollen, und pladieren fur eine grundliche Durchdringung der Problematik der Speicherung lexikalischer Daten."
] | ddc:413 | [
"computerunterstützte Lexikographie",
"Datenspeicherung"
] | [
"bllo:bll-447457675",
"bllo:bll-133078108",
"bllo:bll-133073688",
"bllo:Human",
"bllo:bll-133098893",
"bllo:bll-275010589"
] | [
[
"Fur",
"Fur"
],
[
"Article",
"Artikel"
],
[
"Lexicography",
"Lexikographie"
],
[
"Human",
"Menschlich"
],
[
"Mossi",
"More"
],
[
"Translation",
"Übersetzen"
]
] | [
[
"bll-182318508",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"bll-133089118",
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"HumannessFeature",
"SemanticFeature",
"SemanticPhenomenon"
],
[
"Oti-Volta",
"NorthernGur",
"CentralGur",
"bll-133102556",
"bll-133076199",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Nilo-Saharan languages",
"Nilosaharanische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Determiner",
"Determiner"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Humanness feature",
"Menschlichkeit"
],
[
"Semantic feature",
"Semantisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Semantic phenomenon",
"Semantisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Oti-Volta",
"Oti-Volta"
],
[
"Northern Gur",
"Nord-Gur"
],
[
"Central Gur",
"Zentral-Gur"
],
[
"Gur",
"Gur-Sprachen"
],
[
"Niger-Congo languages",
"Niger-Kongo-Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"SemanticPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Méthodes pour la représentation informatisée de données lexicales / Methoden der Speicherung lexikalischer Daten
### Abstract:
In recent years, new developments in the area of lexicography have altered not only the management, processing and publishing of lexicographical data, but also created new types of products such as electronic dictionaries and thesauri. These expand th range of possible uses of lexical data and support users with more flexibility, for instance in assisting human translation. In this article, we give a short and easy-to-understand introduction to the problematic nature of the storage, display and interpretation of lexical data. We then describe the main methods and specifications used to build and represent lexical data. In diesem Beitrag werden zwei Darstellungen zur Speicherung lexikalischer Daten in zwei verschiedenen Sprachen prasentiert. Die Texte beschreiben zwar in einer parallelen Gliederung dieselben Themen, sind aber keine direkte Ubersetzung voneinander.Dieses Kapitel richtet sich an unterschiedliche Zielgruppen, neben Sprachwissenschaftler(inne)n und Lexikograph(inn)en richtet es sich auch an Informatiker(innen) und Computerlinguist(inn)en, die mehr uber die Grundlagen der Modellierung und Darstellung von digitalen Worterbuchern lernen mochten. Wir betrachten dieses Kapitel als moglichen Ausgangspunkt fur diejenigen, die lexikographische Projekte beginnen wollen, und pladieren fur eine grundliche Durchdringung der Problematik der Speicherung lexikalischer Daten.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-447457675', 'bllo:bll-133078108', 'bllo:bll-133073688', 'bllo:Human', 'bllo:bll-133098893', 'bllo:bll-275010589']
### BLL class (en):
['Fur', 'Article', 'Lexicography', 'Human', 'Mossi', 'Translation']
### BLL class (de):
['Fur', 'Artikel', 'Lexikographie', 'Menschlich', 'More', 'Übersetzen']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['bll-182318508', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['bll-133089118', 'MorphosyntacticCategory', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon'], ['ResearchTopic', 'OtherLinguisticTerm'], ['HumannessFeature', 'SemanticFeature', 'SemanticPhenomenon'], ['Oti-Volta', 'NorthernGur', 'CentralGur', 'bll-133102556', 'bll-133076199', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Nilo-Saharan languages', 'Language-related term']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Nilosaharanische Sprachen', 'Sprachbezeichner']
### BLL top node:
['LanguageRelatedTerm', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'OtherLinguisticTerm', 'SemanticPhenomenon', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'LexicalPhenomenon']
### DDC ID:
ddc:413
### Other subjects:
['computerunterstützte Lexikographie', 'Datenspeicherung']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
3192 | Methoden der Wörterbuchbenutzungsforschung | deu | doc-type:article | [
"The methods utilized in the area of research into dictionary use are established research methods in the social sciences. After explicating the different steps of a typical empirical investigation, this article provides examples of how these different methods are used in various user studies conducted in the field of using online dictionaries. Thereby, different kinds of data collection (surveys as online questionnaires, log files and eye tracking) as well as different research design structures (for instance, ex-post-facto design or experimental design) are discussed."
] | ddc:433 | [
"Computerunterstützte Lexikographie",
"Benutzer"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133078108",
"bllo:Dictionary"
] | [
[
"Article",
"Artikel"
],
[
"Dictionary",
"Wörterbuch"
]
] | [
[
"bll-133089118",
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"LexicalOrConceptualResource",
"LanguageResourceType",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
]
] | [
[
[
"Determiner",
"Determiner"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Methoden der Wörterbuchbenutzungsforschung
### Abstract:
The methods utilized in the area of research into dictionary use are established research methods in the social sciences. After explicating the different steps of a typical empirical investigation, this article provides examples of how these different methods are used in various user studies conducted in the field of using online dictionaries. Thereby, different kinds of data collection (surveys as online questionnaires, log files and eye tracking) as well as different research design structures (for instance, ex-post-facto design or experimental design) are discussed.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-133078108', 'bllo:Dictionary']
### BLL class (en):
['Article', 'Dictionary']
### BLL class (de):
['Artikel', 'Wörterbuch']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['bll-133089118', 'MorphosyntacticCategory', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon'], ['LexicalOrConceptualResource', 'LanguageResourceType', 'LanguageResourceInformation']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Determiner', 'Morphosyntactic category', 'Morphosyntactic phenomenon']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Determiner', 'Morphosyntaktische Kategorie', 'Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen']
### BLL top node:
['MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'LanguageResourceInformation']
### DDC ID:
ddc:433
### Other subjects:
['Computerunterstützte Lexikographie', 'Benutzer']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
320 | Ovladenie jazykom i obuchenie jazyku v xode rechevogo obshchenija | rus | doc-type:bookPart | [
"The paper (1) starts from the general understanding of children’s development gained by interdisciplinary endeavours during the last decades, (2) characterises the functional-pragmatic conception of language and language acquisition as opposed to conceptions of language as an isolated system and of language acquisition as an independent module of development, (3) describes forms of language acquisition and language mediation."
] | ddc:490 | [] | [
"bllo:bll-133071235"
] | [
[
"Language acquisition",
"Spracherwerb"
]
] | [
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
]
] | [
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
]
] | [
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Ovladenie jazykom i obuchenie jazyku v xode rechevogo obshchenija
### Abstract:
The paper (1) starts from the general understanding of children’s development gained by interdisciplinary endeavours during the last decades, (2) characterises the functional-pragmatic conception of language and language acquisition as opposed to conceptions of language as an isolated system and of language acquisition as an independent module of development, (3) describes forms of language acquisition and language mediation.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-133071235']
### BLL class (en):
['Language acquisition']
### BLL class (de):
['Spracherwerb']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['ResearchTopic', 'OtherLinguisticTerm']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Research topic', 'Other linguistic term']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Forschungsthema', 'Anderer linguistischer Begriff']
### BLL top node:
['OtherLinguisticTerm']
### DDC ID:
ddc:490
### Other subjects:
[]
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
322 | Zur Behandlung des Attributs in einer Dependenzgrammatik | deu | doc-type:article | [
"Im folgenden sollen die Möglichkeiten, Attribute in einer Dependenzgrammatik darzustellen, untersucht werden. Als Beispiel einer solchen Grammatik bietet sich die \"Deutsche Syntax\" von H.-J. HERINGER an. In ihr werden zwei Systeme miteinander verbunden: das Konstitutionssystem (KS), das auf der Teil-Ganzes-Relation beruht, und das Dependenzsystem(DS), dem die Abhängigkeitsrelation zugrunde liegt. Welche Stellung nehmen die herkömmlicherweise als Attribute bezeichneten Strukturen in HERINGERs Grammatikmodell ein? Wir sind uns, wenn wir eine Antwort auf diese Frage suchen, bewußt, daß in HERINGERs Grammatikmodell Fragen der (Satz-)Semantik kaum behandelt werden. Es soll daher hier auch nur untersucht werden, wieweit sich die Attribute durch die vorgegebenen Möglichkeiten der Strukturbeschreibung als eine Klasse ausweisen lassen. Wo aber auch HERINGER semantisch argumentiert, wird diese Argumentation aufgenommen und auf ihre Richtigkeit überprüft werden; dadurch, daß auch semantische Überlegungen notwendig werden, werden die Grenzen von HERINGERs System sichtbar. Dabei ist klar, daß eine semantische Untersuchung dieses Bereichs weitere Untergliederungen und Interpretationen der Strukturbeschreibungen liefern würde."
] | ddc:435 | [] | [
"bllo:Grammar",
"bllo:bll-13307448X",
"bllo:bll-13307384X",
"bllo:bll-133078418"
] | [
[
"Grammar",
"Grammatik"
],
[
"Semantics",
"Semantik"
],
[
"Syntax",
"Syntax"
],
[
"Attribute",
"Attribut"
]
] | [
[
"LanguageDescription",
"LanguageResourceType",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"SyntacticRole",
"SyntacticFeature",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Syntactic role",
"Syntaktische Rolle"
],
[
"Syntactic feature",
"Syntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Zur Behandlung des Attributs in einer Dependenzgrammatik
### Abstract:
Im folgenden sollen die Möglichkeiten, Attribute in einer Dependenzgrammatik darzustellen, untersucht werden. Als Beispiel einer solchen Grammatik bietet sich die "Deutsche Syntax" von H.-J. HERINGER an. In ihr werden zwei Systeme miteinander verbunden: das Konstitutionssystem (KS), das auf der Teil-Ganzes-Relation beruht, und das Dependenzsystem(DS), dem die Abhängigkeitsrelation zugrunde liegt. Welche Stellung nehmen die herkömmlicherweise als Attribute bezeichneten Strukturen in HERINGERs Grammatikmodell ein? Wir sind uns, wenn wir eine Antwort auf diese Frage suchen, bewußt, daß in HERINGERs Grammatikmodell Fragen der (Satz-)Semantik kaum behandelt werden. Es soll daher hier auch nur untersucht werden, wieweit sich die Attribute durch die vorgegebenen Möglichkeiten der Strukturbeschreibung als eine Klasse ausweisen lassen. Wo aber auch HERINGER semantisch argumentiert, wird diese Argumentation aufgenommen und auf ihre Richtigkeit überprüft werden; dadurch, daß auch semantische Überlegungen notwendig werden, werden die Grenzen von HERINGERs System sichtbar. Dabei ist klar, daß eine semantische Untersuchung dieses Bereichs weitere Untergliederungen und Interpretationen der Strukturbeschreibungen liefern würde.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:Grammar', 'bllo:bll-13307448X', 'bllo:bll-13307384X', 'bllo:bll-133078418']
### BLL class (en):
['Grammar', 'Semantics', 'Syntax', 'Attribute']
### BLL class (de):
['Grammatik', 'Semantik', 'Syntax', 'Attribut']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['LanguageDescription', 'LanguageResourceType', 'LanguageResourceInformation'], ['ResearchTopic', 'OtherLinguisticTerm'], ['ResearchTopic', 'OtherLinguisticTerm'], ['SyntacticRole', 'SyntacticFeature', 'SyntacticPhenomenon']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Research topic', 'Other linguistic term']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Forschungsthema', 'Anderer linguistischer Begriff']
### BLL top node:
['LanguageResourceInformation', 'OtherLinguisticTerm', 'OtherLinguisticTerm', 'SyntacticPhenomenon']
### DDC ID:
ddc:435
### Other subjects:
[]
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
3255 | Freie Relativsätze mit d-Pronomen | deu | doc-type:article | [
"In the present-day Germanic languages, free relatives (FRs) share formal properties with indirect question in that both constructions are introduced by w-pronouns. However, at least in German (and historical stages of a larger set of languages, including English), there is an additional pattern which involves the use of d-pronouns such as German der/die/das ‘that.masc./fem./neut.’, which typically introduce headed relative clauses. Focusing on presentday German, this paper shows that d-FRs are set apart from w-FRs by a number of properties including syntactic distribution in the matrix clause, behavior with respect to matching effects, inventory of pronominal forms, and semantic interpretation. From these observations, it is concluded that d-FRs should not be analyzed on a par with w-FRs. More precisely, we argue that d-FRs are in fact regular headed (restrictive) relative clauses where the relative pronoun has been deleted under identity with a demonstrative antecedent. This apparent instance of syntactic haplology is then analyzed as resulting from the same mechanism that eliminates copies/traces in movement dependencies."
] | ddc:435 | [
"Deutsch",
"Syntax",
"Pronomen",
"Relativsatz"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133070158",
"bllo:bll-133070166",
"bllo:Distribution",
"bllo:bll-133116018",
"bllo:bll-133107310",
"bllo:bll-133070409",
"bllo:bll-133073408",
"bllo:bll-133119394",
"bllo:Clause",
"bllo:bll-133120562",
"bllo:bll-133098893",
"bllo:bll-13307448X"
] | [
[
"German",
"Deutsch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Distribution",
"Distribution"
],
[
"Movement",
"Movement"
],
[
"Indirect question",
"Indirekter Fragesatz"
],
[
"English",
"Englisch"
],
[
"Number",
"Numerus"
],
[
"Pronoun",
"Pronomen"
],
[
"Clause",
"Teilsatz"
],
[
"Relative pronoun",
"Relativpronomen"
],
[
"Mossi",
"More"
],
[
"Semantics",
"Semantik"
]
] | [
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"GeneralLinguisticNotion",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"SyntacticFeature",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133074005",
"bll-13307398X",
"SyntacticFeature",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"Constituent",
"SyntacticCategory",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133119394",
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"Oti-Volta",
"NorthernGur",
"CentralGur",
"bll-133102556",
"bll-133076199",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
]
] | [
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"General linguistic notion",
"Allgemeinlinguistisches Konzept"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Syntactic feature",
"Syntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Interrogative sentence",
"Fragesatz"
],
[
"Sentence types",
"Satzarten"
],
[
"Syntactic feature",
"Syntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Constituent",
"Konstituente"
],
[
"Syntactic category",
"Syntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Pronoun",
"Pronomen"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Oti-Volta",
"Oti-Volta"
],
[
"Northern Gur",
"Nord-Gur"
],
[
"Central Gur",
"Zentral-Gur"
],
[
"Gur",
"Gur-Sprachen"
],
[
"Niger-Congo languages",
"Niger-Kongo-Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Freie Relativsätze mit d-Pronomen
### Abstract:
In the present-day Germanic languages, free relatives (FRs) share formal properties with indirect question in that both constructions are introduced by w-pronouns. However, at least in German (and historical stages of a larger set of languages, including English), there is an additional pattern which involves the use of d-pronouns such as German der/die/das ‘that.masc./fem./neut.’, which typically introduce headed relative clauses. Focusing on presentday German, this paper shows that d-FRs are set apart from w-FRs by a number of properties including syntactic distribution in the matrix clause, behavior with respect to matching effects, inventory of pronominal forms, and semantic interpretation. From these observations, it is concluded that d-FRs should not be analyzed on a par with w-FRs. More precisely, we argue that d-FRs are in fact regular headed (restrictive) relative clauses where the relative pronoun has been deleted under identity with a demonstrative antecedent. This apparent instance of syntactic haplology is then analyzed as resulting from the same mechanism that eliminates copies/traces in movement dependencies.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-133070158', 'bllo:bll-133070166', 'bllo:Distribution', 'bllo:bll-133116018', 'bllo:bll-133107310', 'bllo:bll-133070409', 'bllo:bll-133073408', 'bllo:bll-133119394', 'bllo:Clause', 'bllo:bll-133120562', 'bllo:bll-133098893', 'bllo:bll-13307448X']
### BLL class (en):
['German', 'Germanic', 'Distribution', 'Movement', 'Indirect question', 'English', 'Number', 'Pronoun', 'Clause', 'Relative pronoun', 'Mossi', 'Semantics']
### BLL class (de):
['Deutsch', 'Germanisch', 'Distribution', 'Movement', 'Indirekter Fragesatz', 'Englisch', 'Numerus', 'Pronomen', 'Teilsatz', 'Relativpronomen', 'More', 'Semantik']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['WestGermanic', 'bll-133070166', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['GeneralLinguisticNotion', 'OtherLinguisticTerm'], ['SyntacticFeature', 'SyntacticPhenomenon'], ['bll-133074005', 'bll-13307398X', 'SyntacticFeature', 'SyntacticPhenomenon'], ['WestGermanic', 'bll-133070166', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['MorphosyntacticCategory', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon'], ['Constituent', 'SyntacticCategory', 'SyntacticPhenomenon'], ['bll-133119394', 'MorphosyntacticCategory', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon'], ['Oti-Volta', 'NorthernGur', 'CentralGur', 'bll-133102556', 'bll-133076199', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['ResearchTopic', 'OtherLinguisticTerm']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['West Germanic', 'Germanic', 'Indo-European languages', 'Language-related term']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Westgermanisch', 'Germanisch', 'Indoeuropäische Sprachen', 'Sprachbezeichner']
### BLL top node:
['LanguageRelatedTerm', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'OtherLinguisticTerm', 'SyntacticPhenomenon', 'SyntacticPhenomenon', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'SyntacticPhenomenon', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'OtherLinguisticTerm']
### DDC ID:
ddc:435
### Other subjects:
['Deutsch', 'Syntax', 'Pronomen', 'Relativsatz']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
3262 | Belemnons Curiöses Bauern-Lexicon (1728) | deu | doc-type:bookPart | [
"Belemnons Curiöses Bauem-Lexicon (CBL) aus dem Jahr 1728 ist ein ungewöhnliches Wörterbuch schwieriger Ausdrücke und Syntagmen (fast ausschließlich aus dem Bereich der Fremdwörter), die von ungebildeten Sprechern des frühen 18. Jhs. (\"Bauern\") falsch verwendet wurden. Das CBL listet rund 800 dieser Fremdwörter alphabetisch auf, um ihnen nach knappen Angaben zur korrekten Aussprache, Bedeutung und Verwendung die jeweiligen Verballhornungen oder Fehlverwendungen, meist durch (oft komische) Verwendungsbeispiele illustriert, gegenüberzustellen. In diesem Beitrag werden einführend die äußere Gestalt, Überlieferung und Nachwirkung, Zielsetzung und Adressaten sowie Makro- und Mikrostruktur des Wörterbuchs beschrieben. Im Anschluss wird der Gesamtbestand der korrekten wie inkorrekten Wortformen gesichtet und auf zwei Arten sortiert: zuerst in der Anordnung des Wörterbuchs, um einen Überblick über seine Makrostruktur zu gewinnen, und dann unter Umkehrung der Benutzerperspektive in Form einer alphabetischen Auflistung der 2000 \"Falschwörter\" mit Zuordnung der jeweils zugrundeliegenden korrekten Form(en). Eine erste Durchsicht im Anschluss lässt verschiedene Typen von Fehl Verwendungen erkennen, abhängig vom sozio- und dialektalen Umfeld der Sprachbenutzer. Im Hintergrund steht die Frage, inwiefern das CBL eine sprachhistorische Quelle zur Alltagssprache des frühen 18. Jhs. darstellt: dient es in erster Linie der Erheiterung gebildeter Kreise auf Kosten der weniger Gebildeten, denen womöglich auch erfundene, besonders lächerliche sprachliche Fehlleistungen zugeschrieben werden, oder dokumentiert es tatsächlich den defizitären Fremdwortgebrauch von Sprachbenutzern aus der ländlichen Unterschicht seiner Entstehungszeit? Beigegeben wird eine fotografische Reproduktion des CBL in Gestalt einer pdf-Datei, die der Forschung bis zum Erscheinen einer hoffentlich bald verfügbaren kritischen Edition einen leichteren Zugriff auf diesen in mehrfacher Hinsicht interessanten Quellentext ermöglichen soll."
] | ddc:433 | [
"Deutsch",
"Fremdwort",
"Wörterbuch",
"Rezension"
] | [
"bllo:AccessTypeFeature",
"bllo:Dictionary",
"bllo:bll-195090896"
] | [
[
"Access",
"Zugriff"
],
[
"Dictionary",
"Wörterbuch"
],
[
"Shape",
"Form"
]
] | [
[
"LanguageResourceFeature",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"LexicalOrConceptualResource",
"LanguageResourceType",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Belemnons Curiöses Bauern-Lexicon (1728)
### Abstract:
Belemnons Curiöses Bauem-Lexicon (CBL) aus dem Jahr 1728 ist ein ungewöhnliches Wörterbuch schwieriger Ausdrücke und Syntagmen (fast ausschließlich aus dem Bereich der Fremdwörter), die von ungebildeten Sprechern des frühen 18. Jhs. ("Bauern") falsch verwendet wurden. Das CBL listet rund 800 dieser Fremdwörter alphabetisch auf, um ihnen nach knappen Angaben zur korrekten Aussprache, Bedeutung und Verwendung die jeweiligen Verballhornungen oder Fehlverwendungen, meist durch (oft komische) Verwendungsbeispiele illustriert, gegenüberzustellen. In diesem Beitrag werden einführend die äußere Gestalt, Überlieferung und Nachwirkung, Zielsetzung und Adressaten sowie Makro- und Mikrostruktur des Wörterbuchs beschrieben. Im Anschluss wird der Gesamtbestand der korrekten wie inkorrekten Wortformen gesichtet und auf zwei Arten sortiert: zuerst in der Anordnung des Wörterbuchs, um einen Überblick über seine Makrostruktur zu gewinnen, und dann unter Umkehrung der Benutzerperspektive in Form einer alphabetischen Auflistung der 2000 "Falschwörter" mit Zuordnung der jeweils zugrundeliegenden korrekten Form(en). Eine erste Durchsicht im Anschluss lässt verschiedene Typen von Fehl Verwendungen erkennen, abhängig vom sozio- und dialektalen Umfeld der Sprachbenutzer. Im Hintergrund steht die Frage, inwiefern das CBL eine sprachhistorische Quelle zur Alltagssprache des frühen 18. Jhs. darstellt: dient es in erster Linie der Erheiterung gebildeter Kreise auf Kosten der weniger Gebildeten, denen womöglich auch erfundene, besonders lächerliche sprachliche Fehlleistungen zugeschrieben werden, oder dokumentiert es tatsächlich den defizitären Fremdwortgebrauch von Sprachbenutzern aus der ländlichen Unterschicht seiner Entstehungszeit? Beigegeben wird eine fotografische Reproduktion des CBL in Gestalt einer pdf-Datei, die der Forschung bis zum Erscheinen einer hoffentlich bald verfügbaren kritischen Edition einen leichteren Zugriff auf diesen in mehrfacher Hinsicht interessanten Quellentext ermöglichen soll.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:AccessTypeFeature', 'bllo:Dictionary', 'bllo:bll-195090896']
### BLL class (en):
['Access', 'Dictionary', 'Shape']
### BLL class (de):
['Zugriff', 'Wörterbuch', 'Form']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['LanguageResourceFeature', 'LanguageResourceInformation'], ['LexicalOrConceptualResource', 'LanguageResourceType', 'LanguageResourceInformation'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Lexical field', 'Lexical phenomenon']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Wortfeld', 'Lexikalisches Phänomen']
### BLL top node:
['LanguageResourceInformation', 'LanguageResourceInformation', 'LexicalPhenomenon']
### DDC ID:
ddc:433
### Other subjects:
['Deutsch', 'Fremdwort', 'Wörterbuch', 'Rezension']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
3290 | Korpusbasierte Exploration der Variation der nominalen Genitivmarkierung | deu | doc-type:article | [
"The variation of the strong genitive marker of the singular noun has been treated by diverse accounts. Still there is a consensus that it is to a large extent systematic but can be approached appropriately only if many heterogeneous factors are taken into account. Over thirty variables influencing this variation have been proposed. However, it is actually unclear how effective they can be, and above all, how they interact. In this paper, the potential influencing variables are evaluated statistically in a machine learning approach and modelled in decision trees in order to predict the genitive marking variants. Working with decision trees based exclusively on statistically significant data enables us to determine what combination of factors is decisive in the choice of a marking variant of a given noun. Consequently the variation factors can be assessed with respect to their explanatory power for corpus data and put in a hierarchized order."
] | ddc:435 | [
"Deutsch",
"Nomen",
"Markiertheit",
"Korpus <Linguistik>"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133100448",
"bllo:Corpus",
"bllo:Noun"
] | [
[
"Genitive",
"Genitiv"
],
[
"Corpus",
"Korpus"
],
[
"Noun",
"Nomen"
]
] | [
[
"CaseFeature",
"MorphosyntacticFeature",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"LanguageResourceType",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Case feature",
"Kasus"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic feature",
"Morphosyntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Korpusbasierte Exploration der Variation der nominalen Genitivmarkierung
### Abstract:
The variation of the strong genitive marker of the singular noun has been treated by diverse accounts. Still there is a consensus that it is to a large extent systematic but can be approached appropriately only if many heterogeneous factors are taken into account. Over thirty variables influencing this variation have been proposed. However, it is actually unclear how effective they can be, and above all, how they interact. In this paper, the potential influencing variables are evaluated statistically in a machine learning approach and modelled in decision trees in order to predict the genitive marking variants. Working with decision trees based exclusively on statistically significant data enables us to determine what combination of factors is decisive in the choice of a marking variant of a given noun. Consequently the variation factors can be assessed with respect to their explanatory power for corpus data and put in a hierarchized order.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-133100448', 'bllo:Corpus', 'bllo:Noun']
### BLL class (en):
['Genitive', 'Corpus', 'Noun']
### BLL class (de):
['Genitiv', 'Korpus', 'Nomen']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['CaseFeature', 'MorphosyntacticFeature', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon'], ['LanguageResourceType', 'LanguageResourceInformation'], ['MorphosyntacticCategory', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Case feature', 'Morphosyntactic feature', 'Morphosyntactic phenomenon']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Kasus', 'Morphosyntaktisches Merkmal', 'Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen']
### BLL top node:
['MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'LanguageResourceInformation', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon']
### DDC ID:
ddc:435
### Other subjects:
['Deutsch', 'Nomen', 'Markiertheit', 'Korpus <Linguistik>']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
3318 | Illustrationen im Onlinewörterbuch | deu | doc-type:book | [
"Gegenstand der Arbeit sind Illustrationen in Onlinewörterbüchern. Untersucht wurde, wie sie Wörterbuchartikel sinnvoll ergänzen und wie ihre Rezeption für den Benutzer erleichtert werden kann. Dazu wurden spezielle Methoden zur Erforschung dieser Fragen entwickelt und zwei empirische Studien durchgeführt: Zum einen wurden Wörterbuchbenutzer zu ihren Bedürfnissen und Gewohnheiten befragt, um beispielsweise mehr über die Auswahl zu illustrierender Lemmata und die optimale Bildgestaltung herauszufinden. Zum anderen wurden durch eine Blickbewegungsstudie Erkenntnisse zum Rezeptionsverhalten der Benutzer bei Text-Bild-Verknüpfungen im Wörterbuch gewonnen. Abschließend wurde der Untersuchungsgegenstand neu geordnet und eine Best-Practice-Anleitung zur Illustrierung von Onlinewörterbüchern entwickelt."
] | ddc:433 | [
"Computergestützte Lexikographie",
"Wörterbuch",
"Text",
"Bild"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133075095",
"bllo:Dictionary",
"bllo:bll-133077136"
] | [
[
"Lemmata",
"Einzelsprachliche Elemente"
],
[
"Dictionary",
"Wörterbuch"
],
[
"Work",
"Arbeit"
]
] | [
[
"UnclassifiedLinguisticConcept"
],
[
"LexicalOrConceptualResource",
"LanguageResourceType",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Unclassified linguistic concept",
"Nichtklassifiziertes linguistisches Konzept"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"UnclassifiedLinguisticConcept",
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Illustrationen im Onlinewörterbuch
### Abstract:
Gegenstand der Arbeit sind Illustrationen in Onlinewörterbüchern. Untersucht wurde, wie sie Wörterbuchartikel sinnvoll ergänzen und wie ihre Rezeption für den Benutzer erleichtert werden kann. Dazu wurden spezielle Methoden zur Erforschung dieser Fragen entwickelt und zwei empirische Studien durchgeführt: Zum einen wurden Wörterbuchbenutzer zu ihren Bedürfnissen und Gewohnheiten befragt, um beispielsweise mehr über die Auswahl zu illustrierender Lemmata und die optimale Bildgestaltung herauszufinden. Zum anderen wurden durch eine Blickbewegungsstudie Erkenntnisse zum Rezeptionsverhalten der Benutzer bei Text-Bild-Verknüpfungen im Wörterbuch gewonnen. Abschließend wurde der Untersuchungsgegenstand neu geordnet und eine Best-Practice-Anleitung zur Illustrierung von Onlinewörterbüchern entwickelt.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-133075095', 'bllo:Dictionary', 'bllo:bll-133077136']
### BLL class (en):
['Lemmata', 'Dictionary', 'Work']
### BLL class (de):
['Einzelsprachliche Elemente', 'Wörterbuch', 'Arbeit']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['UnclassifiedLinguisticConcept'], ['LexicalOrConceptualResource', 'LanguageResourceType', 'LanguageResourceInformation'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Unclassified linguistic concept']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Nichtklassifiziertes linguistisches Konzept']
### BLL top node:
['UnclassifiedLinguisticConcept', 'LanguageResourceInformation', 'LexicalPhenomenon']
### DDC ID:
ddc:433
### Other subjects:
['Computergestützte Lexikographie', 'Wörterbuch', 'Text', 'Bild']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
3323 | Neuer Wortschatz : Neologismen im Deutschen, 2001 - 2010. Bd. 2: Kiten-Z. 2. Aufl. | deu | doc-type:book | [
"In diesem Wörterbuch finden sich von App bis Zickenalarm mehr als 570 Stichwörter, die die aktuelle Wortschatzerweiterung im Deutschen als Ausdruck der Anpassung des Wortschatzes an neue Gegebenheiten und Sachverhalte spiegeln. Erfasst und in umfangreichen Wortartikeln beschrieben und dokumentiert sind die Neulexeme und Neubedeutungen, die im Zeitraum von 2001 bis 2010 aufgekommen sind und sich weitgehend im allgemeinsprachlichen Teil des Wortschatzes der deutschen Standardsprache etabliert haben."
] | ddc:433 | [
"Deutsch",
"Neologismus",
"Wörterbuch"
] | [
"bllo:Dictionary"
] | [
[
"Dictionary",
"Wörterbuch"
]
] | [
[
"LexicalOrConceptualResource",
"LanguageResourceType",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
]
] | [] | [
"LanguageResourceInformation"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Neuer Wortschatz : Neologismen im Deutschen, 2001 - 2010. Bd. 2: Kiten-Z. 2. Aufl.
### Abstract:
In diesem Wörterbuch finden sich von App bis Zickenalarm mehr als 570 Stichwörter, die die aktuelle Wortschatzerweiterung im Deutschen als Ausdruck der Anpassung des Wortschatzes an neue Gegebenheiten und Sachverhalte spiegeln. Erfasst und in umfangreichen Wortartikeln beschrieben und dokumentiert sind die Neulexeme und Neubedeutungen, die im Zeitraum von 2001 bis 2010 aufgekommen sind und sich weitgehend im allgemeinsprachlichen Teil des Wortschatzes der deutschen Standardsprache etabliert haben.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:Dictionary']
### BLL class (en):
['Dictionary']
### BLL class (de):
['Wörterbuch']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['LexicalOrConceptualResource', 'LanguageResourceType', 'LanguageResourceInformation']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
[]
### BLL superclass literals (de):
[]
### BLL top node:
['LanguageResourceInformation']
### DDC ID:
ddc:433
### Other subjects:
['Deutsch', 'Neologismus', 'Wörterbuch']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
3345 | [The position of adverbials in the sentence. A comparison between German and Brazilian Portuguese] | deu | doc-type:article | [
"This paper analyses the syntactic behaviour of non-clausal adverbials in German and Brazilian Portuguese in a comparative perspective. Six classes of adverbials are examined, whose semantic functions reach from the description of the state of affairs to the description of the speaker’s attitude. On the whole, the syntax of adverbials shows great similarity in the two languages. In German, there seems to be a somewhat stronger tendency towards syntactic integration of adverbials, whereas Portuguese offers more possibilities of syntactically disintegrated uses.",
"Este artigo analisa, de um ponto de vista comparativo, o comportamento sintático de sintagmas adverbiais não-oracionais no Alemão e no Português do Brasil. Examinam-se sintagmas de seis categorias, cujas funções semânticas vão desde a descrição do estado de coisas até a descrição da atitude do falante. No todo, a sintaxe dos adverbiais mostra grande similaridade entre as duas línguas. No alemão, parece haver uma tendência um pouco mais forte para a integração sintática dos adverbiais, enquanto no português existem mais possibilidades de empregos sintaticamente desintegrados.",
"Der Aufsatz untersucht das syntaktische Verhalten nicht-satzförmiger Adverbialia im Deutschen und im brasilianischen Portugiesisch in vergleichender Perspektive. Behandelt werden Adverbialia aus sechs Klassen, deren semantische Funktionen von der Sachverhaltsbeschreibung bis zur Beschreibung von Handlungsabsichten des Sprechers reichen. Insgesamt zeigen sich große Ähnlichkeiten zwischen den Vergleichssprachen. Im Deutschen scheint eine etwas stärkere Tendenz zu bestehen, Adverbialia syntaktisch zu integrieren, während es im Portugiesischen mehr Möglichkeiten gibt, sie desintegriert zu verwenden."
] | ddc:435 | [
"Deutsch",
"Portugiesisch",
"kontrastive Syntax",
"Adjunkt <Linguistik>",
"Adverbiale"
] | [
"bllo:bll-13307384X",
"bllo:bll-133070867",
"bllo:bll-133070158",
"bllo:bll-133084698",
"bllo:bll-133071049",
"bllo:bll-133098893",
"bllo:bll-13307448X",
"bllo:bll-133070867"
] | [
[
"Syntax",
"Syntax"
],
[
"Portuguese",
"Portugiesisch"
],
[
"German",
"Deutsch"
],
[
"State",
"Zustandsbezeichnung"
],
[
"Brazilian",
"Brasilianisch"
],
[
"Mossi",
"More"
],
[
"Semantics",
"Semantik"
],
[
"Portuguese",
"Portugiesisch"
]
] | [
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"bll-133070549",
"bll-133096246",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133070867",
"bll-133070549",
"bll-133096246",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"Oti-Volta",
"NorthernGur",
"CentralGur",
"bll-133102556",
"bll-133076199",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"bll-133070549",
"bll-133096246",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
]
] | [
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Romance",
"Romanisch"
],
[
"Italic languages",
"Italische Sprachen"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Portuguese",
"Portugiesisch"
],
[
"Romance",
"Romanisch"
],
[
"Italic languages",
"Italische Sprachen"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Oti-Volta",
"Oti-Volta"
],
[
"Northern Gur",
"Nord-Gur"
],
[
"Central Gur",
"Zentral-Gur"
],
[
"Gur",
"Gur-Sprachen"
],
[
"Niger-Congo languages",
"Niger-Kongo-Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Romance",
"Romanisch"
],
[
"Italic languages",
"Italische Sprachen"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
]
] | [
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
[The position of adverbials in the sentence. A comparison between German and Brazilian Portuguese]
### Abstract:
This paper analyses the syntactic behaviour of non-clausal adverbials in German and Brazilian Portuguese in a comparative perspective. Six classes of adverbials are examined, whose semantic functions reach from the description of the state of affairs to the description of the speaker’s attitude. On the whole, the syntax of adverbials shows great similarity in the two languages. In German, there seems to be a somewhat stronger tendency towards syntactic integration of adverbials, whereas Portuguese offers more possibilities of syntactically disintegrated uses. Este artigo analisa, de um ponto de vista comparativo, o comportamento sintático de sintagmas adverbiais não-oracionais no Alemão e no Português do Brasil. Examinam-se sintagmas de seis categorias, cujas funções semânticas vão desde a descrição do estado de coisas até a descrição da atitude do falante. No todo, a sintaxe dos adverbiais mostra grande similaridade entre as duas línguas. No alemão, parece haver uma tendência um pouco mais forte para a integração sintática dos adverbiais, enquanto no português existem mais possibilidades de empregos sintaticamente desintegrados. Der Aufsatz untersucht das syntaktische Verhalten nicht-satzförmiger Adverbialia im Deutschen und im brasilianischen Portugiesisch in vergleichender Perspektive. Behandelt werden Adverbialia aus sechs Klassen, deren semantische Funktionen von der Sachverhaltsbeschreibung bis zur Beschreibung von Handlungsabsichten des Sprechers reichen. Insgesamt zeigen sich große Ähnlichkeiten zwischen den Vergleichssprachen. Im Deutschen scheint eine etwas stärkere Tendenz zu bestehen, Adverbialia syntaktisch zu integrieren, während es im Portugiesischen mehr Möglichkeiten gibt, sie desintegriert zu verwenden.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-13307384X', 'bllo:bll-133070867', 'bllo:bll-133070158', 'bllo:bll-133084698', 'bllo:bll-133071049', 'bllo:bll-133098893', 'bllo:bll-13307448X', 'bllo:bll-133070867']
### BLL class (en):
['Syntax', 'Portuguese', 'German', 'State', 'Brazilian', 'Mossi', 'Semantics', 'Portuguese']
### BLL class (de):
['Syntax', 'Portugiesisch', 'Deutsch', 'Zustandsbezeichnung', 'Brasilianisch', 'More', 'Semantik', 'Portugiesisch']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['ResearchTopic', 'OtherLinguisticTerm'], ['bll-133070549', 'bll-133096246', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['WestGermanic', 'bll-133070166', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['bll-133070867', 'bll-133070549', 'bll-133096246', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['Oti-Volta', 'NorthernGur', 'CentralGur', 'bll-133102556', 'bll-133076199', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['ResearchTopic', 'OtherLinguisticTerm'], ['bll-133070549', 'bll-133096246', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Research topic', 'Other linguistic term']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Forschungsthema', 'Anderer linguistischer Begriff']
### BLL top node:
['OtherLinguisticTerm', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'LexicalPhenomenon', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'OtherLinguisticTerm', 'LanguageRelatedTerm']
### DDC ID:
ddc:435
### Other subjects:
['Deutsch', 'Portugiesisch', 'kontrastive Syntax', 'Adjunkt <Linguistik>', 'Adverbiale']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
3351 | Sintagmas nominais contáveis e não-contáveis no alemão e no português brasileiro | por | doc-type:bookPart | [
"O presente trabalho discute a classificação dos substantivos e/ou sintagmas nominais em contáveis e não-contáveis no alemão e no português do Brasil. Propomos um modelo de estrutura, válido para ambas as línguas, em que a contabilidade é construída composicionalmente em nível do sintagma nominal, mediante três traços sintático-semânticos: [±individuado], [±incrementado] e [±delimitado]. O valor do primeiro traço é fixado pelo quantificador, o do segundo, pelo número e o do terceiro, pelo substantivo. Na língua alemã, os três traços contribuem para a constituição da contabilidade, sendo o terceiro o traço menos importante. No português brasileiro apenas os dois primeiros mostram-se produtivos, enquanto o terceiro é irrelevante. Isso corresponde a dizer que não se distinguem substantivos contáveis e não-contáveis no léxico do português brasileiro. Para ambos os idiomas, as propostas são ilustradas com exemplos autênticos de uso."
] | ddc:435 | [
"Deutsch",
"Nominalphrase",
"Portugiesisch",
"kontrastive Grammatik"
] | [] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Sintagmas nominais contáveis e não-contáveis no alemão e no português brasileiro
### Abstract:
O presente trabalho discute a classificação dos substantivos e/ou sintagmas nominais em contáveis e não-contáveis no alemão e no português do Brasil. Propomos um modelo de estrutura, válido para ambas as línguas, em que a contabilidade é construída composicionalmente em nível do sintagma nominal, mediante três traços sintático-semânticos: [±individuado], [±incrementado] e [±delimitado]. O valor do primeiro traço é fixado pelo quantificador, o do segundo, pelo número e o do terceiro, pelo substantivo. Na língua alemã, os três traços contribuem para a constituição da contabilidade, sendo o terceiro o traço menos importante. No português brasileiro apenas os dois primeiros mostram-se produtivos, enquanto o terceiro é irrelevante. Isso corresponde a dizer que não se distinguem substantivos contáveis e não-contáveis no léxico do português brasileiro. Para ambos os idiomas, as propostas são ilustradas com exemplos autênticos de uso.
### BLL class ID:
[]
### BLL class (en):
[]
### BLL class (de):
[]
### BLL superclass ID:
[]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
[]
### BLL superclass literals (de):
[]
### BLL top node:
[]
### DDC ID:
ddc:435
### Other subjects:
['Deutsch', 'Nominalphrase', 'Portugiesisch', 'kontrastive Grammatik']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
336 | Die Wörter, die mein Sohn macht. Natürlichkeit und die Wortbildung des Adjektivs | deu | doc-type:article | [
"Im folgenden soll eine Reihe von komplexen Adjektiven, die mir beim Spracherwerb meines Sohnes Christian auffielen und deren Bildung und Gebrauch ich daraufhin genauer beobachtete, vorgestellt und diskutiert werden. Es handelt sich um einen im Sprachsystem von Christian zu einer gewissen Zeit offenbar systematisch ausgebauten Typ, der sowohl für die Stellung der Wortart Adjektiv im kindersprachlichen System wie für die Beschreibung der Regularitäten der Adjektivwortbildung überhaupt kritisch sein könnte."
] | ddc:435 | [
"Wortbildung",
"Adjektiv",
"Deutsch"
] | [
"bllo:Adjective",
"bllo:bll-133087697",
"bllo:bll-133071235"
] | [
[
"Adjective",
"Adjektiv"
],
[
"Time",
"Zeit"
],
[
"Language acquisition",
"Spracherwerb"
]
] | [
[
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
]
] | [
[
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
]
] | [
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Die Wörter, die mein Sohn macht. Natürlichkeit und die Wortbildung des Adjektivs
### Abstract:
Im folgenden soll eine Reihe von komplexen Adjektiven, die mir beim Spracherwerb meines Sohnes Christian auffielen und deren Bildung und Gebrauch ich daraufhin genauer beobachtete, vorgestellt und diskutiert werden. Es handelt sich um einen im Sprachsystem von Christian zu einer gewissen Zeit offenbar systematisch ausgebauten Typ, der sowohl für die Stellung der Wortart Adjektiv im kindersprachlichen System wie für die Beschreibung der Regularitäten der Adjektivwortbildung überhaupt kritisch sein könnte.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:Adjective', 'bllo:bll-133087697', 'bllo:bll-133071235']
### BLL class (en):
['Adjective', 'Time', 'Language acquisition']
### BLL class (de):
['Adjektiv', 'Zeit', 'Spracherwerb']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['MorphosyntacticCategory', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['ResearchTopic', 'OtherLinguisticTerm']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Morphosyntactic category', 'Morphosyntactic phenomenon']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Morphosyntaktische Kategorie', 'Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen']
### BLL top node:
['MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'LexicalPhenomenon', 'OtherLinguisticTerm']
### DDC ID:
ddc:435
### Other subjects:
['Wortbildung', 'Adjektiv', 'Deutsch']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
3368 | Zweifelsfälle in der Wortstellung im 18. Jahrhundert | deu | doc-type:article | [
"The syntactic rules of today's High German are generally thought to have crystallized during the 18th century. One can therefore expect that during that time the processes of grammaticalization had a particular influence on doubtful cases in the usage of language. The syntactic development varied from region to region and was accompanied by theoretical controversies. One of the controversial issues was word order. The debates focused primarily on the order in verbal complexes and on the possibility of extraposing simple components and dependent clauses. This paper is based on the assumption that the theoretical controversies in some way reflected the doubtful cases in the usage of language. In order to identify the actual variants, the theoretical controversies will be outlined first. Then the analysis will focus on whether and how these variants were used in a corpus of 18th century texts. The objective is to determine the language-internal, sociological, and geographical factors of the variants' usage and thus to model the situations in which the doubtful cases ocurred. In conclusion, the following issues will be discussed: the relationship between the doubtful cases and diachronic language developments, the language-external factors of the doubtful cases, and the approach of language theorists to doubtful cases."
] | ddc:435 | [
"Deutsch",
"Syntax",
"Sprachnorm",
"Sprachgeschichte"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133070158",
"bllo:bll-133087697",
"bllo:Corpus",
"bllo:bll-133073947",
"bllo:HighGerman",
"bllo:Focus",
"bllo:Word"
] | [
[
"German",
"Deutsch"
],
[
"Time",
"Zeit"
],
[
"Corpus",
"Korpus"
],
[
"Word order",
"Wortfolge"
],
[
"High German",
"Hochdeutsch"
],
[
"Focus",
"Fokus"
],
[
"Word",
"Wort"
]
] | [
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"LanguageResourceType",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"bll-133070158",
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"PragmaticUnit",
"DiscoursePhenomenon"
],
[
"LexicalCategory",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"German",
"Deutsch"
],
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Pragmatic unit",
"Pragmatische Einheit"
],
[
"Discourse phenomenon",
"Diskursphänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical category",
"Lexikalische Kategorie"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"DiscoursePhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Zweifelsfälle in der Wortstellung im 18. Jahrhundert
### Abstract:
The syntactic rules of today's High German are generally thought to have crystallized during the 18th century. One can therefore expect that during that time the processes of grammaticalization had a particular influence on doubtful cases in the usage of language. The syntactic development varied from region to region and was accompanied by theoretical controversies. One of the controversial issues was word order. The debates focused primarily on the order in verbal complexes and on the possibility of extraposing simple components and dependent clauses. This paper is based on the assumption that the theoretical controversies in some way reflected the doubtful cases in the usage of language. In order to identify the actual variants, the theoretical controversies will be outlined first. Then the analysis will focus on whether and how these variants were used in a corpus of 18th century texts. The objective is to determine the language-internal, sociological, and geographical factors of the variants' usage and thus to model the situations in which the doubtful cases ocurred. In conclusion, the following issues will be discussed: the relationship between the doubtful cases and diachronic language developments, the language-external factors of the doubtful cases, and the approach of language theorists to doubtful cases.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-133070158', 'bllo:bll-133087697', 'bllo:Corpus', 'bllo:bll-133073947', 'bllo:HighGerman', 'bllo:Focus', 'bllo:Word']
### BLL class (en):
['German', 'Time', 'Corpus', 'Word order', 'High German', 'Focus', 'Word']
### BLL class (de):
['Deutsch', 'Zeit', 'Korpus', 'Wortfolge', 'Hochdeutsch', 'Fokus', 'Wort']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['WestGermanic', 'bll-133070166', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['LanguageResourceType', 'LanguageResourceInformation'], ['bll-133070158', 'WestGermanic', 'bll-133070166', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['PragmaticUnit', 'DiscoursePhenomenon'], ['LexicalCategory', 'LexicalPhenomenon']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['West Germanic', 'Germanic', 'Indo-European languages', 'Language-related term']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Westgermanisch', 'Germanisch', 'Indoeuropäische Sprachen', 'Sprachbezeichner']
### BLL top node:
['LanguageRelatedTerm', 'LexicalPhenomenon', 'LanguageResourceInformation', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'DiscoursePhenomenon', 'LexicalPhenomenon']
### DDC ID:
ddc:435
### Other subjects:
['Deutsch', 'Syntax', 'Sprachnorm', 'Sprachgeschichte']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
3375 | Changing argument structure in (heritage) Pennsylvania German | eng | doc-type:article | [
"By way of migration, large numbers of German-speaking settlers arrived in Pennsylvania between roughly 1700 and 1750. Pennsylvania German, as a distinct variety, developed through levelling processes from L1 varieties of these migrants who came mainly from the southwestern regions of the German speaking area. Pennsylvania German is still spoken today by specific religious groups (primarily Amish and Menonnite groups) for many of whom it is an identity marker. My paper focuses on those Pennsylvania Germans who are not part of these religious groups but have the same migration history. Due to their being closer to the cultural values of American mainstream society, they were integrated into it, and during the 20th century their use of Pennsylvania German was continually diminishing. A revival of this heritage language has occurred over the past c. three decades, including language courses offered at community colleges, public libraries, etc., where ethnic Pennsylvania Germans wish to (re-)learn the language of their grandparents. Written Pennsylvania German data from four points in time between the 1860s and the 1990s were analysed in this study. Based on these linguistic analyses, differences between the data sets are shown that point towards a diachronic change in the language contact situation of Pennsylvania German speakers. Sociolinguistic and extralinguistic factors are considered that influence the role of PG and make their speakers heritage speakers much in the sense of recent immigrant heritage speakers, although delayed by 200 years."
] | ddc:437 | [
"Pennsylvaniadeutsch",
"Sprachwechsel",
"Argumentstruktur",
"Zweisprachigkeit"
] | [
"bllo:bll-13307711X",
"bllo:bll-133070158",
"bllo:bll-133087697",
"bllo:bll-133071243",
"bllo:bll-133118142"
] | [
[
"Amish",
"Amisch"
],
[
"German",
"Deutsch"
],
[
"Time",
"Zeit"
],
[
"Sociolinguistics",
"Soziolinguistik"
],
[
"Pennsylvania German",
"Pennsylvania German"
]
] | [
[
"bll-133118142",
"bll-133126935",
"bll-133070395",
"bll-133070158",
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"bll-133126935",
"bll-133070395",
"bll-133070158",
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
]
] | [
[
[
"Pennsylvania German",
"Pennsylvania German"
],
[
"German in the USA",
"Deutsch in den USA"
],
[
"Other varieties of German",
"Sonstige Formen des Deutschen"
],
[
"German",
"Deutsch"
],
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"German in the USA",
"Deutsch in den USA"
],
[
"Other varieties of German",
"Sonstige Formen des Deutschen"
],
[
"German",
"Deutsch"
],
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Changing argument structure in (heritage) Pennsylvania German
### Abstract:
By way of migration, large numbers of German-speaking settlers arrived in Pennsylvania between roughly 1700 and 1750. Pennsylvania German, as a distinct variety, developed through levelling processes from L1 varieties of these migrants who came mainly from the southwestern regions of the German speaking area. Pennsylvania German is still spoken today by specific religious groups (primarily Amish and Menonnite groups) for many of whom it is an identity marker. My paper focuses on those Pennsylvania Germans who are not part of these religious groups but have the same migration history. Due to their being closer to the cultural values of American mainstream society, they were integrated into it, and during the 20th century their use of Pennsylvania German was continually diminishing. A revival of this heritage language has occurred over the past c. three decades, including language courses offered at community colleges, public libraries, etc., where ethnic Pennsylvania Germans wish to (re-)learn the language of their grandparents. Written Pennsylvania German data from four points in time between the 1860s and the 1990s were analysed in this study. Based on these linguistic analyses, differences between the data sets are shown that point towards a diachronic change in the language contact situation of Pennsylvania German speakers. Sociolinguistic and extralinguistic factors are considered that influence the role of PG and make their speakers heritage speakers much in the sense of recent immigrant heritage speakers, although delayed by 200 years.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-13307711X', 'bllo:bll-133070158', 'bllo:bll-133087697', 'bllo:bll-133071243', 'bllo:bll-133118142']
### BLL class (en):
['Amish', 'German', 'Time', 'Sociolinguistics', 'Pennsylvania German']
### BLL class (de):
['Amisch', 'Deutsch', 'Zeit', 'Soziolinguistik', 'Pennsylvania German']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['bll-133118142', 'bll-133126935', 'bll-133070395', 'bll-133070158', 'WestGermanic', 'bll-133070166', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['WestGermanic', 'bll-133070166', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['ResearchTopic', 'OtherLinguisticTerm'], ['bll-133126935', 'bll-133070395', 'bll-133070158', 'WestGermanic', 'bll-133070166', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Pennsylvania German', 'German in the USA', 'Other varieties of German', 'German', 'West Germanic', 'Germanic', 'Indo-European languages', 'Language-related term']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Pennsylvania German', 'Deutsch in den USA', 'Sonstige Formen des Deutschen', 'Deutsch', 'Westgermanisch', 'Germanisch', 'Indoeuropäische Sprachen', 'Sprachbezeichner']
### BLL top node:
['LanguageRelatedTerm', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'LexicalPhenomenon', 'OtherLinguisticTerm', 'LanguageRelatedTerm']
### DDC ID:
ddc:437
### Other subjects:
['Pennsylvaniadeutsch', 'Sprachwechsel', 'Argumentstruktur', 'Zweisprachigkeit']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
3383 | Verb Class-specific Criteria for the Differentiation of Senses in Dictionary Entries | eng | doc-type:conferenceObject | [
"This contribution deals with the representation of verbs with multiple meanings or senses in general monolingual dictionaries. Criteria for differentiating senses in dictionary entries have traditionally been formulated with respect to the vocabulary in general. This paper argues that, while some criteria do indeed apply to the entire lexicon, many of them are relevant only to specific semantic classes. This will be demonstrated considering two selected verb classes: speech-act verbs and perception verbs. Like verbs of other classes, speech-act verbs and perception verbs may be ambiguous in different but recurrent ways. Since recurrent patterns of ambiguity are always typical of particular semantic classes, class-specific semantic criteria are formulated to decide whether a particular ambiguous speech act or perception verb should be treated as being polysemous or homonymous in dictionary entries. In addition to these class-specific semantic criteria, the semantic-syntactic criterion of identity or difference of argument structure is suggested for the lexicographical representation of verbs which may not be considered to be polysemous or homonymous on the basis of semantic criteria alone. According to the suggested argument-structure criterion, these verbs should be treated as polysemous when their senses correlate with identical argument structures and as homonymous when their senses correlate with different argument structures properties. As opposed to the semantic criteria suggested, the semantic-syntactic criterion of identity vs. difference of argument structure applies to verbs of different semantic classes. However, as will be illustrated by the discussion of the different senses of smell, it may sometimes force us to treat different but related senses as corresponding to two distinct lexical items. In order to solve this problem, the criteria suggested are supplemented by a preference rule stating that semantic criteria apply prior to the semantic-syntactic criterion of identity vs. difference of argument structure..."
] | ddc:413 | [
"Verb",
"Polysemie",
"Lexikografie"
] | [
"bllo:bll-13312732X",
"bllo:Dictionary",
"bllo:bll-133127125",
"bllo:Ambiguity",
"bllo:bll-133120244",
"bllo:Monolingual",
"bllo:bll-13307367X",
"bllo:bll-13307448X",
"bllo:bll-133100367",
"bllo:bll-133113639",
"bllo:bll-31572529X"
] | [
[
"Perception verbs",
"Verba sentiendi"
],
[
"Dictionary",
"Wörterbuch"
],
[
"Verb",
"Verb"
],
[
"Ambiguity",
"Ambiguität"
],
[
"Rule",
"Regel"
],
[
"Monolingual",
"Einsprachig"
],
[
"Vocabulary",
"Wortschatz"
],
[
"Semantics",
"Semantik"
],
[
"Smell",
"Geruch"
],
[
"Lexicon",
"Lexikon"
],
[
"Perception",
"Wahrnehmung"
]
] | [
[
"SemanticallyDefinedVerb",
"bll-133127125",
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"LexicalOrConceptualResource",
"LanguageResourceType",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"GeneralLinguisticNotion",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"LinguisticRule",
"GeneralLinguisticNotion",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"LingualityTypeFeature",
"LanguageResourceFeature",
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"Monolingual"
],
[
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"LexicalOrConceptualResource",
"LanguageResourceType",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Semantically defined verb",
"Semantisch definiertes Verb"
],
[
"Verb",
"Verb"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"General linguistic notion",
"Allgemeinlinguistisches Konzept"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Linguistic rule",
"Linguistische Regel"
],
[
"General linguistic notion",
"Allgemeinlinguistisches Konzept"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
],
[
"Morphological phenomenon",
"Morphologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Verb Class-specific Criteria for the Differentiation of Senses in Dictionary Entries
### Abstract:
This contribution deals with the representation of verbs with multiple meanings or senses in general monolingual dictionaries. Criteria for differentiating senses in dictionary entries have traditionally been formulated with respect to the vocabulary in general. This paper argues that, while some criteria do indeed apply to the entire lexicon, many of them are relevant only to specific semantic classes. This will be demonstrated considering two selected verb classes: speech-act verbs and perception verbs. Like verbs of other classes, speech-act verbs and perception verbs may be ambiguous in different but recurrent ways. Since recurrent patterns of ambiguity are always typical of particular semantic classes, class-specific semantic criteria are formulated to decide whether a particular ambiguous speech act or perception verb should be treated as being polysemous or homonymous in dictionary entries. In addition to these class-specific semantic criteria, the semantic-syntactic criterion of identity or difference of argument structure is suggested for the lexicographical representation of verbs which may not be considered to be polysemous or homonymous on the basis of semantic criteria alone. According to the suggested argument-structure criterion, these verbs should be treated as polysemous when their senses correlate with identical argument structures and as homonymous when their senses correlate with different argument structures properties. As opposed to the semantic criteria suggested, the semantic-syntactic criterion of identity vs. difference of argument structure applies to verbs of different semantic classes. However, as will be illustrated by the discussion of the different senses of smell, it may sometimes force us to treat different but related senses as corresponding to two distinct lexical items. In order to solve this problem, the criteria suggested are supplemented by a preference rule stating that semantic criteria apply prior to the semantic-syntactic criterion of identity vs. difference of argument structure...
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-13312732X', 'bllo:Dictionary', 'bllo:bll-133127125', 'bllo:Ambiguity', 'bllo:bll-133120244', 'bllo:Monolingual', 'bllo:bll-13307367X', 'bllo:bll-13307448X', 'bllo:bll-133100367', 'bllo:bll-133113639', 'bllo:bll-31572529X']
### BLL class (en):
['Perception verbs', 'Dictionary', 'Verb', 'Ambiguity', 'Rule', 'Monolingual', 'Vocabulary', 'Semantics', 'Smell', 'Lexicon', 'Perception']
### BLL class (de):
['Verba sentiendi', 'Wörterbuch', 'Verb', 'Ambiguität', 'Regel', 'Einsprachig', 'Wortschatz', 'Semantik', 'Geruch', 'Lexikon', 'Wahrnehmung']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['SemanticallyDefinedVerb', 'bll-133127125', 'MorphosyntacticCategory', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon'], ['LexicalOrConceptualResource', 'LanguageResourceType', 'LanguageResourceInformation'], ['MorphosyntacticCategory', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon'], ['GeneralLinguisticNotion', 'OtherLinguisticTerm'], ['LinguisticRule', 'GeneralLinguisticNotion', 'OtherLinguisticTerm', 'MorphologicalPhenomenon'], ['LingualityTypeFeature', 'LanguageResourceFeature', 'LanguageResourceInformation', 'Monolingual'], ['LexicalPhenomenon'], ['ResearchTopic', 'OtherLinguisticTerm'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['LexicalOrConceptualResource', 'LanguageResourceType', 'LanguageResourceInformation'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Semantically defined verb', 'Verb', 'Morphosyntactic category', 'Morphosyntactic phenomenon']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Semantisch definiertes Verb', 'Verb', 'Morphosyntaktische Kategorie', 'Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen']
### BLL top node:
['MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'LanguageResourceInformation', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'OtherLinguisticTerm', 'MorphologicalPhenomenon', 'LanguageResourceInformation', 'LexicalPhenomenon', 'OtherLinguisticTerm', 'LexicalPhenomenon', 'LanguageResourceInformation', 'LexicalPhenomenon']
### DDC ID:
ddc:413
### Other subjects:
['Verb', 'Polysemie', 'Lexikografie']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
3385 | Sprachkontakt und Konfession. Lexikalische Sprachkontaktphänomene Deutsch-Nauruisch bei den Missionaren Delaporte und Kayser | deu | doc-type:bookPart | [
"In den zwei Jahrzehnten vor dem ersten Weltkrieg standen weite Teile des Südpazifik unter deutscher Verwaltung. Das Deutsche stand hier in einem eng umrissenen geographischen Areal über 700 anderen Sprachen gegenüber, was zu einer besonderen Situation in Bezug auf Sprachenpolitik, Sprachenverhältnisse und Sprachkontakt führte. Ein konkretes Beispiel für kontaktbedingten lexikalischen Einfluss in diesem Kontext bietet die sprachliche Situation auf der pazifischen Insel Nauru. Hier hielten sich zu Anfang des 20. Jahrhunderts etwa zeitgleich zwei deutschsprachige Missionare auf, der Protestant Philip A. Delaporte und der Katholik Alois Kayser; beide trugen aktiv zur Dokumentation und schriftlichen Verwendung des Nauruischen bei. Ein Vergleich der Wörterbücher zeigt jedoch deutliche Unterschiede, v.a. in Bezug auf die Herkunft von Lehnwörtern, Während bei Delaporte in allen auf Nauruisch verfassten schriftlichen Dokumenten eine größere Zahl an deutschen Lehnwörtern auftritt, finden sich bei Kayser an deren Stelle häufig die entsprechenden englisch-basierten Lexeme, sofern die betreffenden Lemmata überhaupt erfasst sind. In der vorliegenden Untersuchung geht es um einen Vergleich der Wörterbücher von Delaporte und Kayser, wobei ergänzend eine Wortliste von Paul Hambruch (1914—15) sowie neuere nauruische Wortlisten (Nauruan Swadesh List 1954, Petit-Skinner 1981) herangezogen werden. Eine zentrale Fragestellung ist, wie sich die Unterschiede zwischen Delaporte und Kayser erklären lassen und welche Schlussfolgerungen aus solchen Unterschieden in der Sprachdokumentation für die weitere Erforschung dieser und vergleichbarer Kontaktsitutationen zu ziehen sind (Zuverlässigkeit bzw. Bewertung linguistischer Dokumente). Dabei kommen auch methodologische Gesichtspunkte zur Sprache, u.a. die Schwierigkeit, eine aussagekräftige und quantitativ ausreichende Datenbasis zusammenzustellen, die eine möglichst zuverlässige Grundlage für die Evaluierung einer solchen historischen Sprachkontaktsituation bieten kann."
] | ddc:433 | [
"Lehnwort",
"Sprachkontakt",
"Deutsch",
"Lexikologie",
"Deutschland",
"Kolonialismus",
"Pazifischer Ozean <Süd>"
] | [
"bllo:EvaluativeFeature",
"bllo:Nauru",
"bllo:Lexeme",
"bllo:bll-133074323",
"bllo:bll-133075095"
] | [
[
"Evaluative feature",
"Bewertung"
],
[
"Nauru",
"Nauruanisch"
],
[
"Lexeme",
"Lexem"
],
[
"Active voice",
"Aktiv"
],
[
"Lemmata",
"Einzelsprachliche Elemente"
]
] | [
[
"SemanticFeature",
"SemanticPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133083373",
"Oceanic",
"bll-194753883",
"bll-353108294",
"Malayo-Polynesian",
"bll-133078795",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"LexicalCategory",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"VoiceFeature",
"MorphosyntacticFeature",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"UnclassifiedLinguisticConcept"
]
] | [
[
[
"Semantic feature",
"Semantisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Semantic phenomenon",
"Semantisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Micronesian",
"Mikronesisch"
],
[
"Oceanic",
"Ozeanisch"
],
[
"East Austronesian languages",
"Ost-Austronesische Sprachen"
],
[
"Central-Eastern Austronesian languages",
"Zentral-Ost-Austronesische Sprachen"
],
[
"Malayo-Polynesian",
"Malayo-Polynesisch"
],
[
"Austronesian languages",
"Austronesische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical category",
"Lexikalische Kategorie"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Voice feature",
"Genus verbi"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic feature",
"Morphosyntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Unclassified linguistic concept",
"Nichtklassifiziertes linguistisches Konzept"
]
]
] | [
"SemanticPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"UnclassifiedLinguisticConcept"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Sprachkontakt und Konfession. Lexikalische Sprachkontaktphänomene Deutsch-Nauruisch bei den Missionaren Delaporte und Kayser
### Abstract:
In den zwei Jahrzehnten vor dem ersten Weltkrieg standen weite Teile des Südpazifik unter deutscher Verwaltung. Das Deutsche stand hier in einem eng umrissenen geographischen Areal über 700 anderen Sprachen gegenüber, was zu einer besonderen Situation in Bezug auf Sprachenpolitik, Sprachenverhältnisse und Sprachkontakt führte. Ein konkretes Beispiel für kontaktbedingten lexikalischen Einfluss in diesem Kontext bietet die sprachliche Situation auf der pazifischen Insel Nauru. Hier hielten sich zu Anfang des 20. Jahrhunderts etwa zeitgleich zwei deutschsprachige Missionare auf, der Protestant Philip A. Delaporte und der Katholik Alois Kayser; beide trugen aktiv zur Dokumentation und schriftlichen Verwendung des Nauruischen bei. Ein Vergleich der Wörterbücher zeigt jedoch deutliche Unterschiede, v.a. in Bezug auf die Herkunft von Lehnwörtern, Während bei Delaporte in allen auf Nauruisch verfassten schriftlichen Dokumenten eine größere Zahl an deutschen Lehnwörtern auftritt, finden sich bei Kayser an deren Stelle häufig die entsprechenden englisch-basierten Lexeme, sofern die betreffenden Lemmata überhaupt erfasst sind. In der vorliegenden Untersuchung geht es um einen Vergleich der Wörterbücher von Delaporte und Kayser, wobei ergänzend eine Wortliste von Paul Hambruch (1914—15) sowie neuere nauruische Wortlisten (Nauruan Swadesh List 1954, Petit-Skinner 1981) herangezogen werden. Eine zentrale Fragestellung ist, wie sich die Unterschiede zwischen Delaporte und Kayser erklären lassen und welche Schlussfolgerungen aus solchen Unterschieden in der Sprachdokumentation für die weitere Erforschung dieser und vergleichbarer Kontaktsitutationen zu ziehen sind (Zuverlässigkeit bzw. Bewertung linguistischer Dokumente). Dabei kommen auch methodologische Gesichtspunkte zur Sprache, u.a. die Schwierigkeit, eine aussagekräftige und quantitativ ausreichende Datenbasis zusammenzustellen, die eine möglichst zuverlässige Grundlage für die Evaluierung einer solchen historischen Sprachkontaktsituation bieten kann.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:EvaluativeFeature', 'bllo:Nauru', 'bllo:Lexeme', 'bllo:bll-133074323', 'bllo:bll-133075095']
### BLL class (en):
['Evaluative feature', 'Nauru', 'Lexeme', 'Active voice', 'Lemmata']
### BLL class (de):
['Bewertung', 'Nauruanisch', 'Lexem', 'Aktiv', 'Einzelsprachliche Elemente']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['SemanticFeature', 'SemanticPhenomenon'], ['bll-133083373', 'Oceanic', 'bll-194753883', 'bll-353108294', 'Malayo-Polynesian', 'bll-133078795', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['LexicalCategory', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['VoiceFeature', 'MorphosyntacticFeature', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon'], ['UnclassifiedLinguisticConcept']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Semantic feature', 'Semantic phenomenon']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Semantisches Merkmal', 'Semantisches Phänomen']
### BLL top node:
['SemanticPhenomenon', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'LexicalPhenomenon', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'UnclassifiedLinguisticConcept']
### DDC ID:
ddc:433
### Other subjects:
['Lehnwort', 'Sprachkontakt', 'Deutsch', 'Lexikologie', 'Deutschland', 'Kolonialismus', 'Pazifischer Ozean <Süd>']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
3390 | Adverbiale Satzverknüpfungen im Portugiesischen und Deutschen | deu | doc-type:article | [
"This article deals with finite adverbial subordinate clauses and adverbial infinitivals. In Portuguese, as in other Romance languages, adverbial infinitivals are used more frequently and for a greater diversity of functions than in German. The article focuses on the semantic and textual differences between finite clauses and infinitivals. It is shown that infinitivals, by means of their introducing prepositions, link the described state of affairs to the surrounding text (sentence coherence). As they lack a verbal mood component, they cannot connect the state of affairs to the speaker and the ongoing discourse. Finite adverbial clauses are linked to their syntactic context by means of subordinating conjunctions. In addition, they are connected deictically to the speaker and the ongoing discourse by the verbal tense and mood components (discourse coherence).",
"Thema dieses Aufsatzes sind adverbiale Satzverknüpfungen, insbesondere Konjunktionen und Präpositionen als lexikalische Satzverknüpfer sowie Tempus und Modus als grammatische Diskursverknüpfungsmittel. Ferner wird mit der Fokussierung bzw. Fokussierbarkeit von Subjekten ein Aspekt der Informationsstruktur berührt. Im Mittelpunkt der Untersuchung steht das Portugiesische, das im Bereich der Satzverknüpfungen verglichen mit anderen (romanischen und nicht-romanischen) Sprachen über eine besonders große Ausdrucksvielfalt verfügt (cf. Rudolph 1997; Gärtner 2003; Blühdorn 2012b). Zum Vergleich ziehen wir das Deutsche heran, dessen Satzverknüpfungsmittel deutlich weniger differenziert sind. Adverbialia sind semantisch modifizierende Ausdrücke, die sich mit anderen (vor allem verbalen) Ausdrücken verbinden, ohne deren syntaktische Eigenschaften zu verändern und insbesondere ohne syntaktische Valenzen zu sättigen (cf. Corver/Delfitto 2000; Delfitto 2000; Bierwisch 2003; Rocha/Lopes 2009). Sie können durch Adverbien realisiert werden, aber auch durch komplexere Ausdrücke wie Präpositionalphrasen, oder durch Ausdrücke, die ein eigenes Verb enthalten, etwa Infinitivgruppen oder vollständige finite Nebensätze. In diesem Aufsatz geht es vor allem um Adverbialia der beiden letztgenannten Typen, die Verbgruppen oder Sätze erweitern. Adverbiale Infinitivgruppen werden typischerweise durch eine Präposition eingeleitet, finite adverbiale Nebensätze durch einen Subjunktor. Zwei Beispiele für Kausalverknüpfungen:"
] | ddc:440 | [
"Adverbialsatz",
"Satzverbindung",
"kontrastive Grammatik",
"Deutsch",
"Portugiesisch",
"ddc:435"
] | [
"bllo:Text",
"bllo:bll-133070158",
"bllo:bll-133078108",
"bllo:MoodFeature",
"bllo:bll-133073467",
"bllo:bll-133084698",
"bllo:bll-133070549",
"bllo:TenseFeature",
"bllo:bll-133127125",
"bllo:bll-133119092",
"bllo:Tense",
"bllo:Sentence",
"bllo:bll-133098893",
"bllo:bll-13307448X",
"bllo:bll-133070867",
"bllo:bll-133126064",
"bllo:AspectFeature"
] | [
[
"Text",
"Text"
],
[
"German",
"Deutsch"
],
[
"Article",
"Artikel"
],
[
"Mood feature",
"Modus"
],
[
"Mood",
"Modus"
],
[
"State",
"Zustandsbezeichnung"
],
[
"Romance",
"Romanisch"
],
[
"Tense feature",
"Tempus"
],
[
"Verb",
"Verb"
],
[
"Preposition",
"Präposition"
],
[
"Tense",
"Gespannt"
],
[
"Sentence",
"Satz"
],
[
"Mossi",
"More"
],
[
"Semantics",
"Semantik"
],
[
"Portuguese",
"Portugiesisch"
],
[
"Information structure",
"Informationsstruktur"
],
[
"Aspect feature",
"Aspekt"
]
] | [
[
"MediumTypeFeature",
"LanguageResourceFeature",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"bll-133089118",
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"MorphosyntacticFeature",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"MoodFeature",
"MorphosyntacticFeature",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133096246",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"MorphosyntacticFeature",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"Adposition",
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"TensenessFeature",
"bll-133072851",
"PhonologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"Constituent",
"SyntacticCategory",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"Oti-Volta",
"NorthernGur",
"CentralGur",
"bll-133102556",
"bll-133076199",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"bll-133070549",
"bll-133096246",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"MorphosyntacticFeature",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Determiner",
"Determiner"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Morphosyntactic feature",
"Morphosyntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Mood feature",
"Modus"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic feature",
"Morphosyntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
],
[
"Morphological phenomenon",
"Morphologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Italic languages",
"Italische Sprachen"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Morphosyntactic feature",
"Morphosyntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Adposition",
"Adposition"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Tenseness feature",
"Spannung"
],
[
"Features",
"Merkmale"
],
[
"Phonological phenomenon",
"Phonologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Constituent",
"Konstituente"
],
[
"Syntactic category",
"Syntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Oti-Volta",
"Oti-Volta"
],
[
"Northern Gur",
"Nord-Gur"
],
[
"Central Gur",
"Zentral-Gur"
],
[
"Gur",
"Gur-Sprachen"
],
[
"Niger-Congo languages",
"Niger-Kongo-Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Romance",
"Romanisch"
],
[
"Italic languages",
"Italische Sprachen"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Morphosyntactic feature",
"Morphosyntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"PhonologicalPhenomenon",
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Adverbiale Satzverknüpfungen im Portugiesischen und Deutschen
### Abstract:
This article deals with finite adverbial subordinate clauses and adverbial infinitivals. In Portuguese, as in other Romance languages, adverbial infinitivals are used more frequently and for a greater diversity of functions than in German. The article focuses on the semantic and textual differences between finite clauses and infinitivals. It is shown that infinitivals, by means of their introducing prepositions, link the described state of affairs to the surrounding text (sentence coherence). As they lack a verbal mood component, they cannot connect the state of affairs to the speaker and the ongoing discourse. Finite adverbial clauses are linked to their syntactic context by means of subordinating conjunctions. In addition, they are connected deictically to the speaker and the ongoing discourse by the verbal tense and mood components (discourse coherence). Thema dieses Aufsatzes sind adverbiale Satzverknüpfungen, insbesondere Konjunktionen und Präpositionen als lexikalische Satzverknüpfer sowie Tempus und Modus als grammatische Diskursverknüpfungsmittel. Ferner wird mit der Fokussierung bzw. Fokussierbarkeit von Subjekten ein Aspekt der Informationsstruktur berührt. Im Mittelpunkt der Untersuchung steht das Portugiesische, das im Bereich der Satzverknüpfungen verglichen mit anderen (romanischen und nicht-romanischen) Sprachen über eine besonders große Ausdrucksvielfalt verfügt (cf. Rudolph 1997; Gärtner 2003; Blühdorn 2012b). Zum Vergleich ziehen wir das Deutsche heran, dessen Satzverknüpfungsmittel deutlich weniger differenziert sind. Adverbialia sind semantisch modifizierende Ausdrücke, die sich mit anderen (vor allem verbalen) Ausdrücken verbinden, ohne deren syntaktische Eigenschaften zu verändern und insbesondere ohne syntaktische Valenzen zu sättigen (cf. Corver/Delfitto 2000; Delfitto 2000; Bierwisch 2003; Rocha/Lopes 2009). Sie können durch Adverbien realisiert werden, aber auch durch komplexere Ausdrücke wie Präpositionalphrasen, oder durch Ausdrücke, die ein eigenes Verb enthalten, etwa Infinitivgruppen oder vollständige finite Nebensätze. In diesem Aufsatz geht es vor allem um Adverbialia der beiden letztgenannten Typen, die Verbgruppen oder Sätze erweitern. Adverbiale Infinitivgruppen werden typischerweise durch eine Präposition eingeleitet, finite adverbiale Nebensätze durch einen Subjunktor. Zwei Beispiele für Kausalverknüpfungen:
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:Text', 'bllo:bll-133070158', 'bllo:bll-133078108', 'bllo:MoodFeature', 'bllo:bll-133073467', 'bllo:bll-133084698', 'bllo:bll-133070549', 'bllo:TenseFeature', 'bllo:bll-133127125', 'bllo:bll-133119092', 'bllo:Tense', 'bllo:Sentence', 'bllo:bll-133098893', 'bllo:bll-13307448X', 'bllo:bll-133070867', 'bllo:bll-133126064', 'bllo:AspectFeature']
### BLL class (en):
['Text', 'German', 'Article', 'Mood feature', 'Mood', 'State', 'Romance', 'Tense feature', 'Verb', 'Preposition', 'Tense', 'Sentence', 'Mossi', 'Semantics', 'Portuguese', 'Information structure', 'Aspect feature']
### BLL class (de):
['Text', 'Deutsch', 'Artikel', 'Modus', 'Modus', 'Zustandsbezeichnung', 'Romanisch', 'Tempus', 'Verb', 'Präposition', 'Gespannt', 'Satz', 'More', 'Semantik', 'Portugiesisch', 'Informationsstruktur', 'Aspekt']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['MediumTypeFeature', 'LanguageResourceFeature', 'LanguageResourceInformation'], ['WestGermanic', 'bll-133070166', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['bll-133089118', 'MorphosyntacticCategory', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon'], ['MorphosyntacticFeature', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon'], ['MoodFeature', 'MorphosyntacticFeature', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'MorphologicalPhenomenon'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['bll-133096246', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['MorphosyntacticFeature', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon'], ['MorphosyntacticCategory', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon'], ['Adposition', 'MorphosyntacticCategory', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon'], ['TensenessFeature', 'bll-133072851', 'PhonologicalPhenomenon'], ['Constituent', 'SyntacticCategory', 'SyntacticPhenomenon'], ['Oti-Volta', 'NorthernGur', 'CentralGur', 'bll-133102556', 'bll-133076199', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['ResearchTopic', 'OtherLinguisticTerm'], ['bll-133070549', 'bll-133096246', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['MorphosyntacticFeature', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['West Germanic', 'Germanic', 'Indo-European languages', 'Language-related term']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Westgermanisch', 'Germanisch', 'Indoeuropäische Sprachen', 'Sprachbezeichner']
### BLL top node:
['LanguageResourceInformation', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'MorphologicalPhenomenon', 'LexicalPhenomenon', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'PhonologicalPhenomenon', 'SyntacticPhenomenon', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'OtherLinguisticTerm', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon']
### DDC ID:
ddc:440
### Other subjects:
['Adverbialsatz', 'Satzverbindung', 'kontrastive Grammatik', 'Deutsch', 'Portugiesisch', 'ddc:435']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
3391 | Syntaktische Nebensatzklassen im Deutschen | deu | doc-type:article | [
"Der Aufsatz gibt einen Überblick über die Arten von Nebensätzen im Deutschen. Er beschreibt ihre syntaktischen Funktionen und Strukturen anhand des Felderschemas. Auf drei Gesichtspunkte wird detaillierter eingegangen: nebensatzspezifische Funktionen von (i) Pronomina und (ii) Vergleichspartikeln sowie (iii) die Rolle von Nebensätzen bei der Satzspaltung. Der Aufsatz kann im Universitätsunterricht und als Grundlage für Untersuchungen in vergleichender Syntax genutzt werden.",
"This article gives an overview of the syntactic classes of subordinate clauses in German. Their functions and structures are described with the help of the model of linear positions and fields. Three questions are treated in more detail: the functions of (i) pronouns and (ii) comparative particles in relation to subordinate clauses and (iii) the role of subordinate clauses in cleft constructions. The article can be used in academic teaching and as a starting point for studies in comparative syntax."
] | ddc:435 | [
"Deutsch",
"Nebensatz",
"Spaltsatz",
"Pronomen",
"Vergleichspartikel"
] | [
"bllo:bll-13307384X",
"bllo:bll-133070158",
"bllo:bll-133078108",
"bllo:bll-133098893",
"bllo:bll-133101517"
] | [
[
"Syntax",
"Syntax"
],
[
"German",
"Deutsch"
],
[
"Article",
"Artikel"
],
[
"Mossi",
"More"
],
[
"Particles",
"Partikelwörterbuch"
]
] | [
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"bll-133089118",
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"Oti-Volta",
"NorthernGur",
"CentralGur",
"bll-133102556",
"bll-133076199",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"DictionaryTypeFeature",
"LanguageResourceFeature",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
]
] | [
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Determiner",
"Determiner"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Oti-Volta",
"Oti-Volta"
],
[
"Northern Gur",
"Nord-Gur"
],
[
"Central Gur",
"Zentral-Gur"
],
[
"Gur",
"Gur-Sprachen"
],
[
"Niger-Congo languages",
"Niger-Kongo-Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
]
] | [
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Syntaktische Nebensatzklassen im Deutschen
### Abstract:
Der Aufsatz gibt einen Überblick über die Arten von Nebensätzen im Deutschen. Er beschreibt ihre syntaktischen Funktionen und Strukturen anhand des Felderschemas. Auf drei Gesichtspunkte wird detaillierter eingegangen: nebensatzspezifische Funktionen von (i) Pronomina und (ii) Vergleichspartikeln sowie (iii) die Rolle von Nebensätzen bei der Satzspaltung. Der Aufsatz kann im Universitätsunterricht und als Grundlage für Untersuchungen in vergleichender Syntax genutzt werden. This article gives an overview of the syntactic classes of subordinate clauses in German. Their functions and structures are described with the help of the model of linear positions and fields. Three questions are treated in more detail: the functions of (i) pronouns and (ii) comparative particles in relation to subordinate clauses and (iii) the role of subordinate clauses in cleft constructions. The article can be used in academic teaching and as a starting point for studies in comparative syntax.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-13307384X', 'bllo:bll-133070158', 'bllo:bll-133078108', 'bllo:bll-133098893', 'bllo:bll-133101517']
### BLL class (en):
['Syntax', 'German', 'Article', 'Mossi', 'Particles']
### BLL class (de):
['Syntax', 'Deutsch', 'Artikel', 'More', 'Partikelwörterbuch']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['ResearchTopic', 'OtherLinguisticTerm'], ['WestGermanic', 'bll-133070166', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['bll-133089118', 'MorphosyntacticCategory', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon'], ['Oti-Volta', 'NorthernGur', 'CentralGur', 'bll-133102556', 'bll-133076199', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['DictionaryTypeFeature', 'LanguageResourceFeature', 'LanguageResourceInformation']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Research topic', 'Other linguistic term']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Forschungsthema', 'Anderer linguistischer Begriff']
### BLL top node:
['OtherLinguisticTerm', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'LanguageResourceInformation']
### DDC ID:
ddc:435
### Other subjects:
['Deutsch', 'Nebensatz', 'Spaltsatz', 'Pronomen', 'Vergleichspartikel']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
3393 | Verknüpfungseigenschaften von Satzkonnektoren im Deutschen Am Beispiel der Kausal- und Konsekutivkonnektoren | deu | doc-type:article | [
"Der Aufsatz entwirft eine Zusammenschau der Verknüpfungseigenschaften der Satzkonnektoren des Deutschen und eine Terminologie für ihre Beschreibung. Zur Illustration dient eine Auswahl von 24 Kausal- und Konsekutivkonnektoren. In der ersten Hälfte geht es um semantische und syntaktische Eigenschaften sowie um Eigenschaften der Syntax-Semantik-Schnittstelle. In der zweiten Hälfte stehen diskurs- und informationsstrukturelle Eigenschaften im Vordergrund. Es zeigt sich, dass die beschriebenen Verknüpfungseigenschaften sich nicht beliebig miteinander kombinieren, sondern charakteristische Eigenschaftsprofile bilden, mit deren Hilfe sich fünf große Konnektorklassen definieren und als geordnetes Teilsystem der Grammatik darstellen lassen.",
"This paper develops an overview of the cohesive properties of the sentence connectives of present day German as well as a terminology for their description. The tools are applied to analysing a set of 24 causeconsequence connectives. The first half of the article focuses on semantic and syntactic properties and on the syntax-semantics interface. In the later sections discourse and information structural properties are investigated. It turns out that the described cohesive properties do not combine at random, but form clusters which define five main classes of connectives and characterize them as an ordered subsystem of grammar."
] | ddc:435 | [
"Deutsch",
"Konsekutivsatz",
"Satzverbindung"
] | [
"bllo:Grammar",
"bllo:bll-133070158",
"bllo:bll-133078108",
"bllo:bll-133098915",
"bllo:Grammar",
"bllo:Sentence",
"bllo:bll-13307448X",
"bllo:bll-195090896"
] | [
[
"Grammar",
"Grammatik"
],
[
"German",
"Deutsch"
],
[
"Article",
"Artikel"
],
[
"Tools",
"Werkzeuge"
],
[
"Grammar",
"Grammatik"
],
[
"Sentence",
"Satz"
],
[
"Semantics",
"Semantik"
],
[
"Shape",
"Form"
]
] | [
[
"LanguageDescription",
"LanguageResourceType",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"bll-133089118",
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"LanguageDescription",
"LanguageResourceType",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"Constituent",
"SyntacticCategory",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Determiner",
"Determiner"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Constituent",
"Konstituente"
],
[
"Syntactic category",
"Syntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Verknüpfungseigenschaften von Satzkonnektoren im Deutschen Am Beispiel der Kausal- und Konsekutivkonnektoren
### Abstract:
Der Aufsatz entwirft eine Zusammenschau der Verknüpfungseigenschaften der Satzkonnektoren des Deutschen und eine Terminologie für ihre Beschreibung. Zur Illustration dient eine Auswahl von 24 Kausal- und Konsekutivkonnektoren. In der ersten Hälfte geht es um semantische und syntaktische Eigenschaften sowie um Eigenschaften der Syntax-Semantik-Schnittstelle. In der zweiten Hälfte stehen diskurs- und informationsstrukturelle Eigenschaften im Vordergrund. Es zeigt sich, dass die beschriebenen Verknüpfungseigenschaften sich nicht beliebig miteinander kombinieren, sondern charakteristische Eigenschaftsprofile bilden, mit deren Hilfe sich fünf große Konnektorklassen definieren und als geordnetes Teilsystem der Grammatik darstellen lassen. This paper develops an overview of the cohesive properties of the sentence connectives of present day German as well as a terminology for their description. The tools are applied to analysing a set of 24 causeconsequence connectives. The first half of the article focuses on semantic and syntactic properties and on the syntax-semantics interface. In the later sections discourse and information structural properties are investigated. It turns out that the described cohesive properties do not combine at random, but form clusters which define five main classes of connectives and characterize them as an ordered subsystem of grammar.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:Grammar', 'bllo:bll-133070158', 'bllo:bll-133078108', 'bllo:bll-133098915', 'bllo:Grammar', 'bllo:Sentence', 'bllo:bll-13307448X', 'bllo:bll-195090896']
### BLL class (en):
['Grammar', 'German', 'Article', 'Tools', 'Grammar', 'Sentence', 'Semantics', 'Shape']
### BLL class (de):
['Grammatik', 'Deutsch', 'Artikel', 'Werkzeuge', 'Grammatik', 'Satz', 'Semantik', 'Form']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['LanguageDescription', 'LanguageResourceType', 'LanguageResourceInformation'], ['WestGermanic', 'bll-133070166', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['bll-133089118', 'MorphosyntacticCategory', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['LanguageDescription', 'LanguageResourceType', 'LanguageResourceInformation'], ['Constituent', 'SyntacticCategory', 'SyntacticPhenomenon'], ['ResearchTopic', 'OtherLinguisticTerm'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['West Germanic', 'Germanic', 'Indo-European languages', 'Language-related term']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Westgermanisch', 'Germanisch', 'Indoeuropäische Sprachen', 'Sprachbezeichner']
### BLL top node:
['LanguageResourceInformation', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'LexicalPhenomenon', 'LanguageResourceInformation', 'SyntacticPhenomenon', 'OtherLinguisticTerm', 'LexicalPhenomenon']
### DDC ID:
ddc:435
### Other subjects:
['Deutsch', 'Konsekutivsatz', 'Satzverbindung']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
3395 | The organ stop "vox humana" as a model for a vowel synthesiser | deu | doc-type:conferenceObject | [
"In mechanical speech synthesis reed pipes were mainly used for the generation of the voice. The organ stop \"vox humana\" played a central role for this concept. Historical documents report that the \"vox humana\" sounded like human vowels. In this study tones of four different \"voces humanae\" were recorded to investigate the similarity to human vowels. The acoustical and perceptual analysis revealed that some though not all tones show a high similarity to selected vowels."
] | ddc:414 | [
"historische Phonetik",
"Artikulation",
"automatische Sprachproduktion",
"Sprachtheorie",
"Geschichte <1700-1800>"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133127532",
"bllo:Voice",
"bllo:bll-133101037",
"bllo:Human"
] | [
[
"Stop",
"Verschlusslaut"
],
[
"Voice",
"Stimme"
],
[
"Concept",
"Konzept"
],
[
"Human",
"Menschlich"
]
] | [
[
"bll-133117154",
"MannerFeature",
"ConsonantTypeFeature",
"bll-133072851",
"PhonologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"ModalityTypeFeature",
"LanguageResourceFeature",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"HumannessFeature",
"SemanticFeature",
"SemanticPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Obstruent",
"Obstruent"
],
[
"Manner feature",
"Artikulationsmodus"
],
[
"Consonant type feature",
"Konsonantenart"
],
[
"Features",
"Merkmale"
],
[
"Phonological phenomenon",
"Phonologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Humanness feature",
"Menschlichkeit"
],
[
"Semantic feature",
"Semantisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Semantic phenomenon",
"Semantisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"PhonologicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"SemanticPhenomenon"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
The organ stop "vox humana" as a model for a vowel synthesiser
### Abstract:
In mechanical speech synthesis reed pipes were mainly used for the generation of the voice. The organ stop "vox humana" played a central role for this concept. Historical documents report that the "vox humana" sounded like human vowels. In this study tones of four different "voces humanae" were recorded to investigate the similarity to human vowels. The acoustical and perceptual analysis revealed that some though not all tones show a high similarity to selected vowels.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-133127532', 'bllo:Voice', 'bllo:bll-133101037', 'bllo:Human']
### BLL class (en):
['Stop', 'Voice', 'Concept', 'Human']
### BLL class (de):
['Verschlusslaut', 'Stimme', 'Konzept', 'Menschlich']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['bll-133117154', 'MannerFeature', 'ConsonantTypeFeature', 'bll-133072851', 'PhonologicalPhenomenon'], ['ModalityTypeFeature', 'LanguageResourceFeature', 'LanguageResourceInformation'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['HumannessFeature', 'SemanticFeature', 'SemanticPhenomenon']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Obstruent', 'Manner feature', 'Consonant type feature', 'Features', 'Phonological phenomenon']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Obstruent', 'Artikulationsmodus', 'Konsonantenart', 'Merkmale', 'Phonologisches Phänomen']
### BLL top node:
['PhonologicalPhenomenon', 'LanguageResourceInformation', 'LexicalPhenomenon', 'SemanticPhenomenon']
### DDC ID:
ddc:414
### Other subjects:
['historische Phonetik', 'Artikulation', 'automatische Sprachproduktion', 'Sprachtheorie', 'Geschichte <1700-1800>']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
3397 | On the similarity of tones of the organ stop vox humana to human vowels | eng | doc-type:article | [
"In mechanical speech synthesis from the 18th up to the 20th century, reed pipes were mainly used for the generation of the voice and the organ stop vox humana was central in this process. This has been described in different historical documents which report that the vox humana in some organs sounded like human vowels. In this study, tones of four different voces humanae were recorded to investigate their similarity to human vowels. The acoustical and perceptual analysis revealed that some, though not all, tones show a high similarity to selected vowels."
] | ddc:414 | [
"automatische Sprachproduktion",
"historische Phonetik",
"Artikulation",
"Geschichte <1700-1900>"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133127532",
"bllo:Voice",
"bllo:Human"
] | [
[
"Stop",
"Verschlusslaut"
],
[
"Voice",
"Stimme"
],
[
"Human",
"Menschlich"
]
] | [
[
"bll-133117154",
"MannerFeature",
"ConsonantTypeFeature",
"bll-133072851",
"PhonologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"ModalityTypeFeature",
"LanguageResourceFeature",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"HumannessFeature",
"SemanticFeature",
"SemanticPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Obstruent",
"Obstruent"
],
[
"Manner feature",
"Artikulationsmodus"
],
[
"Consonant type feature",
"Konsonantenart"
],
[
"Features",
"Merkmale"
],
[
"Phonological phenomenon",
"Phonologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Humanness feature",
"Menschlichkeit"
],
[
"Semantic feature",
"Semantisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Semantic phenomenon",
"Semantisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"PhonologicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"SemanticPhenomenon"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
On the similarity of tones of the organ stop vox humana to human vowels
### Abstract:
In mechanical speech synthesis from the 18th up to the 20th century, reed pipes were mainly used for the generation of the voice and the organ stop vox humana was central in this process. This has been described in different historical documents which report that the vox humana in some organs sounded like human vowels. In this study, tones of four different voces humanae were recorded to investigate their similarity to human vowels. The acoustical and perceptual analysis revealed that some, though not all, tones show a high similarity to selected vowels.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-133127532', 'bllo:Voice', 'bllo:Human']
### BLL class (en):
['Stop', 'Voice', 'Human']
### BLL class (de):
['Verschlusslaut', 'Stimme', 'Menschlich']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['bll-133117154', 'MannerFeature', 'ConsonantTypeFeature', 'bll-133072851', 'PhonologicalPhenomenon'], ['ModalityTypeFeature', 'LanguageResourceFeature', 'LanguageResourceInformation'], ['HumannessFeature', 'SemanticFeature', 'SemanticPhenomenon']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Obstruent', 'Manner feature', 'Consonant type feature', 'Features', 'Phonological phenomenon']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Obstruent', 'Artikulationsmodus', 'Konsonantenart', 'Merkmale', 'Phonologisches Phänomen']
### BLL top node:
['PhonologicalPhenomenon', 'LanguageResourceInformation', 'SemanticPhenomenon']
### DDC ID:
ddc:414
### Other subjects:
['automatische Sprachproduktion', 'historische Phonetik', 'Artikulation', 'Geschichte <1700-1900>']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
3398 | Stationen mechanischer Sprachsynthese vom 18. bis zum 20. Jahrhundert | deu | doc-type:bookPart | [
"Der Aufsatz widmet sich einigen markanten historischen Einzelleistungen auf dem Gebiet der mechanischen Sprachsynthese, die auch heute noch faszinierend, jedoch zumeist nur in groben Zügen bekannt sind. An der hier präsentierten Auswahl erweist sich sowohl die fesselnde Kraft eines einmal als grundsätzlich praktikabel erkannten Konzeptes der stimmlichen Anregung als auch die hieraus resultierende Originalität immer neuer Ansätze, diesem Syntheseprinzip zum technologischen Durchbruch zu verhelfen."
] | ddc:414 | [
"automatische Sprachproduktion",
"Artikulation",
"historische Phonetik",
"Geschichte <1200-1900>"
] | [] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Stationen mechanischer Sprachsynthese vom 18. bis zum 20. Jahrhundert
### Abstract:
Der Aufsatz widmet sich einigen markanten historischen Einzelleistungen auf dem Gebiet der mechanischen Sprachsynthese, die auch heute noch faszinierend, jedoch zumeist nur in groben Zügen bekannt sind. An der hier präsentierten Auswahl erweist sich sowohl die fesselnde Kraft eines einmal als grundsätzlich praktikabel erkannten Konzeptes der stimmlichen Anregung als auch die hieraus resultierende Originalität immer neuer Ansätze, diesem Syntheseprinzip zum technologischen Durchbruch zu verhelfen.
### BLL class ID:
[]
### BLL class (en):
[]
### BLL class (de):
[]
### BLL superclass ID:
[]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
[]
### BLL superclass literals (de):
[]
### BLL top node:
[]
### DDC ID:
ddc:414
### Other subjects:
['automatische Sprachproduktion', 'Artikulation', 'historische Phonetik', 'Geschichte <1200-1900>']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
3400 | Die Sprechmaschine Wolfgang von Kempelens - Von den Originalen bis zu den Nachbauten | deu | doc-type:article | [
"As the first ever fully functional speech synthesizer, Wolfgang von Kempelen's 'speaking machine' can be considered a milestone in the history of speech research. Although von Kempelen and his research on speech and language has never been completely forgotten, not many people know about the details of his achievements. This article, which has been adapted from the author's Magister Artium thesis, comments on and describes in some detail von Kempelen's outstanding accomplishment and its historical context.",
"Die Sprechmaschine Wolfgang von Kempelens stellt in ihrer Art als erste grundsätzlich funktionierende Apparatur zur Sprachsynthese einen ganz besonderen Meilenstein in der Geschichte der Linguistik dar. Zwar gerieten Kempelen und seine Sprachforschung niemals völlig in Vergessenheit, doch sind seine und die Forschungen seiner Zeitgenossen heute nur noch einem eher kleinen Kreis näher bekannt. Im Rahmen dieser vom Autor ursprünglich als Magisterarbeit verfassten Abhandlung sollen der historische Kontext und die herausragende Leistung Kempelens detailliert dargestellt und kommentiert werden."
] | ddc:414 | [
"Kempelen, Wolfgang von",
"automatische Sprachproduktion",
"historische Phonetik"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133078108"
] | [
[
"Article",
"Artikel"
]
] | [
[
"bll-133089118",
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Determiner",
"Determiner"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Die Sprechmaschine Wolfgang von Kempelens - Von den Originalen bis zu den Nachbauten
### Abstract:
As the first ever fully functional speech synthesizer, Wolfgang von Kempelen's 'speaking machine' can be considered a milestone in the history of speech research. Although von Kempelen and his research on speech and language has never been completely forgotten, not many people know about the details of his achievements. This article, which has been adapted from the author's Magister Artium thesis, comments on and describes in some detail von Kempelen's outstanding accomplishment and its historical context. Die Sprechmaschine Wolfgang von Kempelens stellt in ihrer Art als erste grundsätzlich funktionierende Apparatur zur Sprachsynthese einen ganz besonderen Meilenstein in der Geschichte der Linguistik dar. Zwar gerieten Kempelen und seine Sprachforschung niemals völlig in Vergessenheit, doch sind seine und die Forschungen seiner Zeitgenossen heute nur noch einem eher kleinen Kreis näher bekannt. Im Rahmen dieser vom Autor ursprünglich als Magisterarbeit verfassten Abhandlung sollen der historische Kontext und die herausragende Leistung Kempelens detailliert dargestellt und kommentiert werden.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-133078108']
### BLL class (en):
['Article']
### BLL class (de):
['Artikel']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['bll-133089118', 'MorphosyntacticCategory', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Determiner', 'Morphosyntactic category', 'Morphosyntactic phenomenon']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Determiner', 'Morphosyntaktische Kategorie', 'Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen']
### BLL top node:
['MorphosyntacticPhenomenon']
### DDC ID:
ddc:414
### Other subjects:
['Kempelen, Wolfgang von', 'automatische Sprachproduktion', 'historische Phonetik']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
3401 | The relevance of today Wolfgang von Kempelen's speaking machine | eng | doc-type:article | [
"Scientific interest in von Kempelen's 'speaking machine' stems mainly from a general interest in the history of science. This study, however, is devoted to the question of what relevance the 'speaking machine' has today. Apart for discussing why it fascinates researchers and non-researchers alike we describe the construction of a replica and its potential as an instrument for demonstration and for researching speech generation.",
"Die wissenschaftliche Beschäftigung mit der Kempelen'schen Sprechmaschine erfolgt zumeist aus wissenschaftshistorischen Motiven heraus. Der vorliegende Aufsatz widmet sich der Frage, welche Bedeutung der Sprechmaschine heutzutage zukommt. Neben möglichen Erklärungen, weswegen die Sprechmaschine auf Wissenschaftler wie Nicht-Wissenschaftler faszinierend wirkt, beschreiben wir den Einsatz von Nachbauten als Instrument zur Demonstration und auch zur Erforschung der Erzeugung von Sprachschall."
] | ddc:414 | [
"Kempelen, Wolfgang von",
"automatische Sprachproduktion",
"historische Phonetik",
"experimentelle Phonetik"
] | [
"bllo:InstrumentRole"
] | [
[
"Instrument role",
"Instrument"
]
] | [
[
"SemanticRole",
"SemanticFeature",
"SemanticPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Semantic role",
"Semantische Rolle"
],
[
"Semantic feature",
"Semantisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Semantic phenomenon",
"Semantisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"SemanticPhenomenon"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
The relevance of today Wolfgang von Kempelen's speaking machine
### Abstract:
Scientific interest in von Kempelen's 'speaking machine' stems mainly from a general interest in the history of science. This study, however, is devoted to the question of what relevance the 'speaking machine' has today. Apart for discussing why it fascinates researchers and non-researchers alike we describe the construction of a replica and its potential as an instrument for demonstration and for researching speech generation. Die wissenschaftliche Beschäftigung mit der Kempelen'schen Sprechmaschine erfolgt zumeist aus wissenschaftshistorischen Motiven heraus. Der vorliegende Aufsatz widmet sich der Frage, welche Bedeutung der Sprechmaschine heutzutage zukommt. Neben möglichen Erklärungen, weswegen die Sprechmaschine auf Wissenschaftler wie Nicht-Wissenschaftler faszinierend wirkt, beschreiben wir den Einsatz von Nachbauten als Instrument zur Demonstration und auch zur Erforschung der Erzeugung von Sprachschall.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:InstrumentRole']
### BLL class (en):
['Instrument role']
### BLL class (de):
['Instrument']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['SemanticRole', 'SemanticFeature', 'SemanticPhenomenon']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Semantic role', 'Semantic feature', 'Semantic phenomenon']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Semantische Rolle', 'Semantisches Merkmal', 'Semantisches Phänomen']
### BLL top node:
['SemanticPhenomenon']
### DDC ID:
ddc:414
### Other subjects:
['Kempelen, Wolfgang von', 'automatische Sprachproduktion', 'historische Phonetik', 'experimentelle Phonetik']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
3402 | Wolfgang von Kempelen’s speaking machine as an instrument for demonstration and research | eng | doc-type:conferenceObject | [
"Scientific interest in von Kempelen's 'speaking machine' stems mainly from a general interest in the history of science. This study, however, is devoted to the question of what relevance the 'speaking machine' has today. Apart for discussing why it fascinates researchers and non-researchers alike we describe the potential of replicas as an instrument for demonstration and for researching speech generation."
] | ddc:414 | [
"Kempelen, Wolfgang von",
"historische Phonetik",
"automatische Sprachproduktion"
] | [
"bllo:InstrumentRole"
] | [
[
"Instrument role",
"Instrument"
]
] | [
[
"SemanticRole",
"SemanticFeature",
"SemanticPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Semantic role",
"Semantische Rolle"
],
[
"Semantic feature",
"Semantisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Semantic phenomenon",
"Semantisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"SemanticPhenomenon"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Wolfgang von Kempelen’s speaking machine as an instrument for demonstration and research
### Abstract:
Scientific interest in von Kempelen's 'speaking machine' stems mainly from a general interest in the history of science. This study, however, is devoted to the question of what relevance the 'speaking machine' has today. Apart for discussing why it fascinates researchers and non-researchers alike we describe the potential of replicas as an instrument for demonstration and for researching speech generation.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:InstrumentRole']
### BLL class (en):
['Instrument role']
### BLL class (de):
['Instrument']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['SemanticRole', 'SemanticFeature', 'SemanticPhenomenon']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Semantic role', 'Semantic feature', 'Semantic phenomenon']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Semantische Rolle', 'Semantisches Merkmal', 'Semantisches Phänomen']
### BLL top node:
['SemanticPhenomenon']
### DDC ID:
ddc:414
### Other subjects:
['Kempelen, Wolfgang von', 'historische Phonetik', 'automatische Sprachproduktion']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
3405 | Zur heutigen Bedeutung der Sprechmaschine Wolfgang von Kempelens | deu | doc-type:conferenceObject | [
"Die wissenschaftliche Beschäftigung mit der Kempelen'schen Sprechmaschine erfolgt zumeist aus wissenschaftshistorischen Motiven heraus. Der vorliegende Aufsatz widmet sich der Frage, welche Bedeutung der Sprechmaschine heutzutage zukommt. Neben möglichen Erklärungen, weswegen die Sprechmaschine auf Wissenschaftler wie Nicht-Wissenschaftler faszinierend wirkt, beschreiben wir den Einsatz von Nachbauten als Instrument zur Demonstration und auch zur Erforschung der Erzeugung von Sprachschall."
] | ddc:414 | [
"historische Phonetik",
"Kempelen, Wolfgang von",
"automatische Sprachproduktion"
] | [
"bllo:InstrumentRole"
] | [
[
"Instrument role",
"Instrument"
]
] | [
[
"SemanticRole",
"SemanticFeature",
"SemanticPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Semantic role",
"Semantische Rolle"
],
[
"Semantic feature",
"Semantisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Semantic phenomenon",
"Semantisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"SemanticPhenomenon"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Zur heutigen Bedeutung der Sprechmaschine Wolfgang von Kempelens
### Abstract:
Die wissenschaftliche Beschäftigung mit der Kempelen'schen Sprechmaschine erfolgt zumeist aus wissenschaftshistorischen Motiven heraus. Der vorliegende Aufsatz widmet sich der Frage, welche Bedeutung der Sprechmaschine heutzutage zukommt. Neben möglichen Erklärungen, weswegen die Sprechmaschine auf Wissenschaftler wie Nicht-Wissenschaftler faszinierend wirkt, beschreiben wir den Einsatz von Nachbauten als Instrument zur Demonstration und auch zur Erforschung der Erzeugung von Sprachschall.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:InstrumentRole']
### BLL class (en):
['Instrument role']
### BLL class (de):
['Instrument']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['SemanticRole', 'SemanticFeature', 'SemanticPhenomenon']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Semantic role', 'Semantic feature', 'Semantic phenomenon']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Semantische Rolle', 'Semantisches Merkmal', 'Semantisches Phänomen']
### BLL top node:
['SemanticPhenomenon']
### DDC ID:
ddc:414
### Other subjects:
['historische Phonetik', 'Kempelen, Wolfgang von', 'automatische Sprachproduktion']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
3406 | What makes 'mama' and 'papa' acceptable? Experiments with a replica of von Kempelen's speaking machine | eng | doc-type:conferenceObject | [
"The paper reports on experiments with acoustic recordings of a self-built replica of the historic speaking machine of Wolfgang von Kempelen. Several possibilities of the reed as the glottal excitation mechanism were tested. Perception tests with naïve listeners revealed that the machinegenerated words 'mama' and 'papa' were partially recognised as an authentic child voice – as it was also the case in von Kempelen's demonstrations in the late 18th century."
] | ddc:414 | [
"Kempelen, Wolfgang von",
"automatische Sprachproduktion",
"historische Phonetik"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133073424",
"bllo:bll-31572529X",
"bllo:Voice",
"bllo:bll-133100081"
] | [
[
"Case",
"Kasus"
],
[
"Perception",
"Wahrnehmung"
],
[
"Voice",
"Stimme"
],
[
"Glottal",
"Glottal"
]
] | [
[
"CaseFeature",
"MorphosyntacticFeature",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"ModalityTypeFeature",
"LanguageResourceFeature",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"bll-133112985",
"PlaceFeature",
"ConsonantTypeFeature",
"bll-133072851",
"PhonologicalPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Case feature",
"Kasus"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic feature",
"Morphosyntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
],
[
"Morphological phenomenon",
"Morphologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Laryngeal",
"Laryngal"
],
[
"Place feature",
"Artikulationsstelle"
],
[
"Consonant type feature",
"Konsonantenart"
],
[
"Features",
"Merkmale"
],
[
"Phonological phenomenon",
"Phonologisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"MorphologicalPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"PhonologicalPhenomenon"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
What makes 'mama' and 'papa' acceptable? Experiments with a replica of von Kempelen's speaking machine
### Abstract:
The paper reports on experiments with acoustic recordings of a self-built replica of the historic speaking machine of Wolfgang von Kempelen. Several possibilities of the reed as the glottal excitation mechanism were tested. Perception tests with naïve listeners revealed that the machinegenerated words 'mama' and 'papa' were partially recognised as an authentic child voice – as it was also the case in von Kempelen's demonstrations in the late 18th century.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-133073424', 'bllo:bll-31572529X', 'bllo:Voice', 'bllo:bll-133100081']
### BLL class (en):
['Case', 'Perception', 'Voice', 'Glottal']
### BLL class (de):
['Kasus', 'Wahrnehmung', 'Stimme', 'Glottal']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['CaseFeature', 'MorphosyntacticFeature', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'MorphologicalPhenomenon'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['ModalityTypeFeature', 'LanguageResourceFeature', 'LanguageResourceInformation'], ['bll-133112985', 'PlaceFeature', 'ConsonantTypeFeature', 'bll-133072851', 'PhonologicalPhenomenon']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Case feature', 'Morphosyntactic feature', 'Morphosyntactic phenomenon', 'Morphological phenomenon']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Kasus', 'Morphosyntaktisches Merkmal', 'Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen', 'Morphologisches Phänomen']
### BLL top node:
['MorphologicalPhenomenon', 'LexicalPhenomenon', 'LanguageResourceInformation', 'PhonologicalPhenomenon']
### DDC ID:
ddc:414
### Other subjects:
['Kempelen, Wolfgang von', 'automatische Sprachproduktion', 'historische Phonetik']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
3407 | On the Expression of Spatial Relations in Ardeşen-Laz | eng | doc-type:article | [
"This paper gives an overview of the means of expression which are used in descriptions of spatial scenes in Laz. With motion verbs, Laz uses the satellite-framed strategy with motion-manner conflation in the verbal root. Path information is given in preverbal satellites. With respect to locative expressions it belongs to the multi-verb-type languages. Hence, considering the lexical properties of the verb roots, Laz is a rather ordinary language. However, with respect to the semantics of its spatial case system and the semantics of the satellites, i.e. its system of spatial preverbs, it will be shown that Laz is typologically rather unusual."
] | ddc:491 | [
"Lasisch",
"Raumvorstellung",
"Raum",
"Bewegung",
"Verb",
"Südkaukasische Sprachen"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133079678",
"bllo:bll-133127125",
"bllo:bll-133114155",
"bllo:bll-133098702",
"bllo:bll-133073424",
"bllo:bll-13307448X"
] | [
[
"Root",
"Wurzel"
],
[
"Verb",
"Verb"
],
[
"Locative",
"Lokativ"
],
[
"Laz",
"Lasisch"
],
[
"Case",
"Kasus"
],
[
"Semantics",
"Semantik"
]
] | [
[
"bll-133073378",
"MorphologicalCategory",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"CaseFeature",
"MorphosyntacticFeature",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133083985",
"bll-133109771",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"CaseFeature",
"MorphosyntacticFeature",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
]
] | [
[
[
"Morpheme",
"Morphem"
],
[
"Morphological category",
"Morphologische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphological phenomenon",
"Morphologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Case feature",
"Kasus"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic feature",
"Morphosyntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Kartvelian languages",
"Kartwelische Sprachen"
],
[
"Caucasian languages",
"Kaukasische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Case feature",
"Kasus"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic feature",
"Morphosyntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
],
[
"Morphological phenomenon",
"Morphologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
]
] | [
"MorphologicalPhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
On the Expression of Spatial Relations in Ardeşen-Laz
### Abstract:
This paper gives an overview of the means of expression which are used in descriptions of spatial scenes in Laz. With motion verbs, Laz uses the satellite-framed strategy with motion-manner conflation in the verbal root. Path information is given in preverbal satellites. With respect to locative expressions it belongs to the multi-verb-type languages. Hence, considering the lexical properties of the verb roots, Laz is a rather ordinary language. However, with respect to the semantics of its spatial case system and the semantics of the satellites, i.e. its system of spatial preverbs, it will be shown that Laz is typologically rather unusual.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-133079678', 'bllo:bll-133127125', 'bllo:bll-133114155', 'bllo:bll-133098702', 'bllo:bll-133073424', 'bllo:bll-13307448X']
### BLL class (en):
['Root', 'Verb', 'Locative', 'Laz', 'Case', 'Semantics']
### BLL class (de):
['Wurzel', 'Verb', 'Lokativ', 'Lasisch', 'Kasus', 'Semantik']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['bll-133073378', 'MorphologicalCategory', 'MorphologicalPhenomenon'], ['MorphosyntacticCategory', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon'], ['CaseFeature', 'MorphosyntacticFeature', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon'], ['bll-133083985', 'bll-133109771', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['CaseFeature', 'MorphosyntacticFeature', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'MorphologicalPhenomenon'], ['ResearchTopic', 'OtherLinguisticTerm']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Morpheme', 'Morphological category', 'Morphological phenomenon']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Morphem', 'Morphologische Kategorie', 'Morphologisches Phänomen']
### BLL top node:
['MorphologicalPhenomenon', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'MorphologicalPhenomenon', 'OtherLinguisticTerm']
### DDC ID:
ddc:491
### Other subjects:
['Lasisch', 'Raumvorstellung', 'Raum', 'Bewegung', 'Verb', 'Südkaukasische Sprachen']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
3411 | When ‘towards’ means ‘away from | eng | doc-type:article | [
"This paper deals with morphosyntactic and semantic characteristics of the spatial case called motative in the Ardeşen-variety of Laz. The motative can be used to mark the ground-nominal in allative as well as in ablative spatial expressions, while the ground-nominal in static spatial expressions is unmarked for case. Hence, the motative case shows a conflation of the allative with ablative spatial semantics, while at the same time excluding locative spatial meaning. Given that this kind of syncretism has been claimed to be non-existent, the findings for Ardeşen-Laz are of special relevance for the refinement of the typology on spatial case-systems."
] | ddc:491 | [
"Lasisch",
"Raum",
"Zeit",
"Morphosyntax",
"Semantik",
"Südkaukasische Sprachen"
] | [
"bllo:bll-232590885",
"bllo:bll-133075249",
"bllo:bll-133087697",
"bllo:bll-133114155",
"bllo:bll-133098702",
"bllo:bll-133073424",
"bllo:bll-13307448X"
] | [
[
"Motative",
"Motativ"
],
[
"Ablative",
"Ablativ"
],
[
"Time",
"Zeit"
],
[
"Locative",
"Lokativ"
],
[
"Laz",
"Lasisch"
],
[
"Case",
"Kasus"
],
[
"Semantics",
"Semantik"
]
] | [
[
"CaseFeature",
"MorphosyntacticFeature",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"CaseFeature",
"MorphosyntacticFeature",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"CaseFeature",
"MorphosyntacticFeature",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133083985",
"bll-133109771",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"CaseFeature",
"MorphosyntacticFeature",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
]
] | [
[
[
"Case feature",
"Kasus"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic feature",
"Morphosyntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Case feature",
"Kasus"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic feature",
"Morphosyntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Case feature",
"Kasus"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic feature",
"Morphosyntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Kartvelian languages",
"Kartwelische Sprachen"
],
[
"Caucasian languages",
"Kaukasische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Case feature",
"Kasus"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic feature",
"Morphosyntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
],
[
"Morphological phenomenon",
"Morphologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
]
] | [
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
When ‘towards’ means ‘away from
### Abstract:
This paper deals with morphosyntactic and semantic characteristics of the spatial case called motative in the Ardeşen-variety of Laz. The motative can be used to mark the ground-nominal in allative as well as in ablative spatial expressions, while the ground-nominal in static spatial expressions is unmarked for case. Hence, the motative case shows a conflation of the allative with ablative spatial semantics, while at the same time excluding locative spatial meaning. Given that this kind of syncretism has been claimed to be non-existent, the findings for Ardeşen-Laz are of special relevance for the refinement of the typology on spatial case-systems.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-232590885', 'bllo:bll-133075249', 'bllo:bll-133087697', 'bllo:bll-133114155', 'bllo:bll-133098702', 'bllo:bll-133073424', 'bllo:bll-13307448X']
### BLL class (en):
['Motative', 'Ablative', 'Time', 'Locative', 'Laz', 'Case', 'Semantics']
### BLL class (de):
['Motativ', 'Ablativ', 'Zeit', 'Lokativ', 'Lasisch', 'Kasus', 'Semantik']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['CaseFeature', 'MorphosyntacticFeature', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon'], ['CaseFeature', 'MorphosyntacticFeature', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['CaseFeature', 'MorphosyntacticFeature', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon'], ['bll-133083985', 'bll-133109771', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['CaseFeature', 'MorphosyntacticFeature', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'MorphologicalPhenomenon'], ['ResearchTopic', 'OtherLinguisticTerm']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Case feature', 'Morphosyntactic feature', 'Morphosyntactic phenomenon']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Kasus', 'Morphosyntaktisches Merkmal', 'Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen']
### BLL top node:
['MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'LexicalPhenomenon', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'MorphologicalPhenomenon', 'OtherLinguisticTerm']
### DDC ID:
ddc:491
### Other subjects:
['Lasisch', 'Raum', 'Zeit', 'Morphosyntax', 'Semantik', 'Südkaukasische Sprachen']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
3412 | Ikonizität und Indexikalität im gebärdensprachlichen Lexikon – Zur Typologie sprachlicher Zeichen | deu | doc-type:article | [
"The paper deals with the iconic and indexical relations of lexical signs in German Sign Language (DGS). It is argued that the theory of signs as established by Charles S. Peirce is particular fruitful with respect to the description and classification of signs in the visual-gestural modality, but also needs some additional discussion on the nature of the relation between sign and reference object. As will be demonstrated, motivated signs in German Sign Language are more complex with respect to indexicality and iconicity as is recognized in contemporary research. Accordingly, the paper discusses the necessity to modify the typology of linguistic signs with respect to sign languages. It will be demonstrated that there has to be established a class of schematic signs within the group of hypoicons. Secondly, it is argued that DGS has a class of motivated but non-iconic signs, which show a designative-indexical relation which relates to the spoken or written form of a word of the oral contact language German. In sum, a modified typology of lexical signs is established which not only includes the sign types symbol, index and (image)icon but also the new types schematic icon and indicator (‘Hinweis’)."
] | ddc:419 | [
"Deutsche Gebärdensprache",
"Semiotik",
"Modalität"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133072835",
"bllo:Word",
"bllo:bll-133070158",
"bllo:Image",
"bllo:Signed",
"bllo:SignLanguage",
"bllo:bll-133098893",
"bllo:bll-13311712X",
"bllo:bll-315461179",
"bllo:bll-133115542",
"bllo:bll-133086410",
"bllo:bll-195090896",
"bllo:bll-133120139"
] | [
[
"Theory",
"Theorie"
],
[
"Word",
"Wort"
],
[
"German",
"Deutsch"
],
[
"Image",
"Bild"
],
[
"Sign language",
"Gebärdensprache"
],
[
"Sign languages",
"Gebärdensprachen"
],
[
"Mossi",
"More"
],
[
"Object",
"Objekt"
],
[
"Symbol",
"Symbol"
],
[
"Modality",
"Modalität"
],
[
"German Sign Language",
"Deutsche Gebärdensprache"
],
[
"Shape",
"Form"
],
[
"Reference",
"Referenz"
]
] | [
[
"LexicalCategory",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"MediumTypeFeature",
"LanguageResourceFeature",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"ModalityTypeFeature",
"LanguageResourceFeature",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"Oti-Volta",
"NorthernGur",
"CentralGur",
"bll-133102556",
"bll-133076199",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"SyntacticRole",
"SyntacticFeature",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"GraphemicPhenomenon"
],
[
"SignLanguage",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"SemanticRelation",
"SemanticPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Lexical category",
"Lexikalische Kategorie"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Oti-Volta",
"Oti-Volta"
],
[
"Northern Gur",
"Nord-Gur"
],
[
"Central Gur",
"Zentral-Gur"
],
[
"Gur",
"Gur-Sprachen"
],
[
"Niger-Congo languages",
"Niger-Kongo-Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Syntactic role",
"Syntaktische Rolle"
],
[
"Syntactic feature",
"Syntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Graphemic phenomenon",
"Graphemisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Sign languages",
"Gebärdensprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Semantic relation",
"Semantische Relation"
],
[
"Semantic phenomenon",
"Semantisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"GraphemicPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"SemanticPhenomenon"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Ikonizität und Indexikalität im gebärdensprachlichen Lexikon – Zur Typologie sprachlicher Zeichen
### Abstract:
The paper deals with the iconic and indexical relations of lexical signs in German Sign Language (DGS). It is argued that the theory of signs as established by Charles S. Peirce is particular fruitful with respect to the description and classification of signs in the visual-gestural modality, but also needs some additional discussion on the nature of the relation between sign and reference object. As will be demonstrated, motivated signs in German Sign Language are more complex with respect to indexicality and iconicity as is recognized in contemporary research. Accordingly, the paper discusses the necessity to modify the typology of linguistic signs with respect to sign languages. It will be demonstrated that there has to be established a class of schematic signs within the group of hypoicons. Secondly, it is argued that DGS has a class of motivated but non-iconic signs, which show a designative-indexical relation which relates to the spoken or written form of a word of the oral contact language German. In sum, a modified typology of lexical signs is established which not only includes the sign types symbol, index and (image)icon but also the new types schematic icon and indicator (‘Hinweis’).
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-133072835', 'bllo:Word', 'bllo:bll-133070158', 'bllo:Image', 'bllo:Signed', 'bllo:SignLanguage', 'bllo:bll-133098893', 'bllo:bll-13311712X', 'bllo:bll-315461179', 'bllo:bll-133115542', 'bllo:bll-133086410', 'bllo:bll-195090896', 'bllo:bll-133120139']
### BLL class (en):
['Theory', 'Word', 'German', 'Image', 'Sign language', 'Sign languages', 'Mossi', 'Object', 'Symbol', 'Modality', 'German Sign Language', 'Shape', 'Reference']
### BLL class (de):
['Theorie', 'Wort', 'Deutsch', 'Bild', 'Gebärdensprache', 'Gebärdensprachen', 'More', 'Objekt', 'Symbol', 'Modalität', 'Deutsche Gebärdensprache', 'Form', 'Referenz']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['LexicalCategory', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['WestGermanic', 'bll-133070166', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['MediumTypeFeature', 'LanguageResourceFeature', 'LanguageResourceInformation'], ['ModalityTypeFeature', 'LanguageResourceFeature', 'LanguageResourceInformation'], ['LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['Oti-Volta', 'NorthernGur', 'CentralGur', 'bll-133102556', 'bll-133076199', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['SyntacticRole', 'SyntacticFeature', 'SyntacticPhenomenon'], ['GraphemicPhenomenon'], ['SignLanguage', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['SemanticRelation', 'SemanticPhenomenon']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Lexical category', 'Lexical phenomenon']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Lexikalische Kategorie', 'Lexikalisches Phänomen']
### BLL top node:
['LexicalPhenomenon', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'LanguageResourceInformation', 'LanguageResourceInformation', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'SyntacticPhenomenon', 'GraphemicPhenomenon', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'LexicalPhenomenon', 'SemanticPhenomenon']
### DDC ID:
ddc:419
### Other subjects:
['Deutsche Gebärdensprache', 'Semiotik', 'Modalität']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
3413 | The language of the Laz in Turkey: Contact-induced change or gradual language loss? | eng | doc-type:article | [
"Laz, a sister language of Georgian spoken on the southeastem coast of the Black Sea, is the only member of the South Caucasian family which is spoken primarily in Turkey. Due to the socio-political circumstances all Speakers of Laz living in Turkey are bilingual and use Laz primarily in private communication. Using these observations as a starting point, the paper looks at the question of whether Laz is an endangered language. In order to clarify the sociolinguistic Situation of Laz in Turkey, the different levels involved in the process of gradual language loss (language-extemal factors, speech behaviour and structural consequences within the language system) are dealt with in detail. To determine which data should be taken as basis for the documentation of the language, the paper also discusses linguistic criteria for differentiating between fully competent Speakers of Laz and Speakers who show signs of language attrition."
] | ddc:491 | [
"Lasisch",
"Türkei",
"Bedrohte Sprache",
"Mehrsprachigkeit",
"Südkaukasische Sprachen"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133071243",
"bllo:bll-13307904X",
"bllo:Bilingual",
"bllo:bll-133098702",
"bllo:bll-133100553"
] | [
[
"Sociolinguistics",
"Soziolinguistik"
],
[
"Communication",
"Kommunikation"
],
[
"Bilingual",
"Zweisprachig"
],
[
"Laz",
"Lasisch"
],
[
"Georgian",
"Georgisch"
]
] | [
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"LingualityTypeFeature",
"LanguageResourceFeature",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"bll-133083985",
"bll-133109771",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"bll-133083985",
"bll-133109771",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
]
] | [
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Kartvelian languages",
"Kartwelische Sprachen"
],
[
"Caucasian languages",
"Kaukasische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Kartvelian languages",
"Kartwelische Sprachen"
],
[
"Caucasian languages",
"Kaukasische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
]
] | [
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
The language of the Laz in Turkey: Contact-induced change or gradual language loss?
### Abstract:
Laz, a sister language of Georgian spoken on the southeastem coast of the Black Sea, is the only member of the South Caucasian family which is spoken primarily in Turkey. Due to the socio-political circumstances all Speakers of Laz living in Turkey are bilingual and use Laz primarily in private communication. Using these observations as a starting point, the paper looks at the question of whether Laz is an endangered language. In order to clarify the sociolinguistic Situation of Laz in Turkey, the different levels involved in the process of gradual language loss (language-extemal factors, speech behaviour and structural consequences within the language system) are dealt with in detail. To determine which data should be taken as basis for the documentation of the language, the paper also discusses linguistic criteria for differentiating between fully competent Speakers of Laz and Speakers who show signs of language attrition.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-133071243', 'bllo:bll-13307904X', 'bllo:Bilingual', 'bllo:bll-133098702', 'bllo:bll-133100553']
### BLL class (en):
['Sociolinguistics', 'Communication', 'Bilingual', 'Laz', 'Georgian']
### BLL class (de):
['Soziolinguistik', 'Kommunikation', 'Zweisprachig', 'Lasisch', 'Georgisch']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['ResearchTopic', 'OtherLinguisticTerm'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['LingualityTypeFeature', 'LanguageResourceFeature', 'LanguageResourceInformation'], ['bll-133083985', 'bll-133109771', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['bll-133083985', 'bll-133109771', 'LanguageRelatedTerm']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Research topic', 'Other linguistic term']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Forschungsthema', 'Anderer linguistischer Begriff']
### BLL top node:
['OtherLinguisticTerm', 'LexicalPhenomenon', 'LanguageResourceInformation', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'LanguageRelatedTerm']
### DDC ID:
ddc:491
### Other subjects:
['Lasisch', 'Türkei', 'Bedrohte Sprache', 'Mehrsprachigkeit', 'Südkaukasische Sprachen']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
3414 | Why a folder lies in the basket although it is not lying: the semantics and use of German positional verbs with inanimate Figures | eng | doc-type:article | [
"In this paper we will investigate the meaning and use of positional verbs in colloquial Standard German. Positional verbs are defined as those verbs which may appear in the basic construction that functions as an answer to a “where”-question, the so-called Basic Locative Construction (BLC). Within this class of verbs, we focus on those positionals which are used to describe the configuration of inanimate movable objects. We will demonstrate that German exhibits the characteristics of a positional (or “multiverb”) language, i.e., a language that uses a comparatively large set of verbs in the BLC. The ten positionals used most frequently in our data are stehen ‘stand’, liegen ‘lie’, hängen ‘hang’, lehnen ‘lean’, stecken ‘be in tight fit, be stuck’, klemmen ‘be stuck, be jammed’, kleben ‘stick by means of glue’, haften ‘adhere’, schwimmen ‘be afloat in liquid’, and schweben ‘be afloat’. We will identify the conditions under which the positional verbs are used and provide a semantic characterization for each of them, paying particular attention to alternative categorizations, fuzzy boundaries and prototype effects."
] | ddc:435 | [
"Deutsch",
"Positionsverb",
"Bewegungsverb",
"Lokativ"
] | [
"bllo:Inanimate",
"bllo:bll-133113884",
"bllo:bll-133070158",
"bllo:bll-133114155",
"bllo:Prototype",
"bllo:bll-13307448X",
"bllo:Focus"
] | [
[
"Inanimate",
"Unbelebt"
],
[
"Liquid",
"Liquida"
],
[
"German",
"Deutsch"
],
[
"Locative",
"Lokativ"
],
[
"Prototype",
"Prototyp"
],
[
"Semantics",
"Semantik"
],
[
"Focus",
"Fokus"
]
] | [
[
"AnimacyFeature",
"SemanticFeature",
"SemanticPhenomenon"
],
[
"MannerFeature",
"ConsonantTypeFeature",
"bll-133072851",
"PhonologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"CaseFeature",
"MorphosyntacticFeature",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"GeneralLinguisticNotion",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"PragmaticUnit",
"DiscoursePhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Animacy feature",
"Belebtheit"
],
[
"Semantic feature",
"Semantisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Semantic phenomenon",
"Semantisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Manner feature",
"Artikulationsmodus"
],
[
"Consonant type feature",
"Konsonantenart"
],
[
"Features",
"Merkmale"
],
[
"Phonological phenomenon",
"Phonologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Case feature",
"Kasus"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic feature",
"Morphosyntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"General linguistic notion",
"Allgemeinlinguistisches Konzept"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Pragmatic unit",
"Pragmatische Einheit"
],
[
"Discourse phenomenon",
"Diskursphänomen"
]
]
] | [
"SemanticPhenomenon",
"PhonologicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"DiscoursePhenomenon"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Why a folder lies in the basket although it is not lying: the semantics and use of German positional verbs with inanimate Figures
### Abstract:
In this paper we will investigate the meaning and use of positional verbs in colloquial Standard German. Positional verbs are defined as those verbs which may appear in the basic construction that functions as an answer to a “where”-question, the so-called Basic Locative Construction (BLC). Within this class of verbs, we focus on those positionals which are used to describe the configuration of inanimate movable objects. We will demonstrate that German exhibits the characteristics of a positional (or “multiverb”) language, i.e., a language that uses a comparatively large set of verbs in the BLC. The ten positionals used most frequently in our data are stehen ‘stand’, liegen ‘lie’, hängen ‘hang’, lehnen ‘lean’, stecken ‘be in tight fit, be stuck’, klemmen ‘be stuck, be jammed’, kleben ‘stick by means of glue’, haften ‘adhere’, schwimmen ‘be afloat in liquid’, and schweben ‘be afloat’. We will identify the conditions under which the positional verbs are used and provide a semantic characterization for each of them, paying particular attention to alternative categorizations, fuzzy boundaries and prototype effects.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:Inanimate', 'bllo:bll-133113884', 'bllo:bll-133070158', 'bllo:bll-133114155', 'bllo:Prototype', 'bllo:bll-13307448X', 'bllo:Focus']
### BLL class (en):
['Inanimate', 'Liquid', 'German', 'Locative', 'Prototype', 'Semantics', 'Focus']
### BLL class (de):
['Unbelebt', 'Liquida', 'Deutsch', 'Lokativ', 'Prototyp', 'Semantik', 'Fokus']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['AnimacyFeature', 'SemanticFeature', 'SemanticPhenomenon'], ['MannerFeature', 'ConsonantTypeFeature', 'bll-133072851', 'PhonologicalPhenomenon'], ['WestGermanic', 'bll-133070166', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['CaseFeature', 'MorphosyntacticFeature', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon'], ['GeneralLinguisticNotion', 'OtherLinguisticTerm'], ['ResearchTopic', 'OtherLinguisticTerm'], ['PragmaticUnit', 'DiscoursePhenomenon']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Animacy feature', 'Semantic feature', 'Semantic phenomenon']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Belebtheit', 'Semantisches Merkmal', 'Semantisches Phänomen']
### BLL top node:
['SemanticPhenomenon', 'PhonologicalPhenomenon', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'OtherLinguisticTerm', 'OtherLinguisticTerm', 'DiscoursePhenomenon']
### DDC ID:
ddc:435
### Other subjects:
['Deutsch', 'Positionsverb', 'Bewegungsverb', 'Lokativ']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
3415 | Laz positional verbs: semantics and use with inanimate Figures | eng | doc-type:article | [
"In this article, we discuss the meaning and use of positional verbs in the South-Caucasian language Laz. Positional verbs are defined as those verbs which — in combination with one of several locational verbal prefixes (preverbs) — may appear in the basic construction that functions as an answer to a “where” question, the so-called basic locative construction (BLC). Within this class of verbs, we pay particular attention to those positionals which are used regularly in our data to describe the configuration of inanimate movable objects. Laz is shown to be a multiverb language, i.e., a language that uses a comparatively large set of verbs in the BLC. The fourteen verbs in question are PRV-dgun ‘stand’, PRV-ren ‘stand’, PRV-zun ‘lie’, PRV-xen ‘sit, stay’, PRV-bɣun ‘be located as mass’, PRV-mpiy ‘be spread’, PRV-sun ‘be smeared’, PRV-tun ‘cover’, PRV-bun ‘hang’, PRV-nʒoy ‘stick, be stuck’, PRV-n un ‘be dipped’, PRV- abun ‘stick to, be sticky’, PRV- orun ‘be bound’, PRV-gzun ‘burn’. The semantics and the use of these verbs are described in some detail including nontypical configurations, which trigger variation among speakers due to alternative categorizations and prototype effects."
] | ddc:491 | [
"Lasisch",
"Positionsverb",
"Semantik",
"Südkaukasische Sprachen"
] | [
"bllo:Inanimate",
"bllo:bll-133078108",
"bllo:bll-133114155",
"bllo:bll-502180102",
"bllo:bll-133098702",
"bllo:Prototype",
"bllo:bll-13307448X"
] | [
[
"Inanimate",
"Unbelebt"
],
[
"Article",
"Artikel"
],
[
"Locative",
"Lokativ"
],
[
"Abun",
"Abun"
],
[
"Laz",
"Lasisch"
],
[
"Prototype",
"Prototyp"
],
[
"Semantics",
"Semantik"
]
] | [
[
"AnimacyFeature",
"SemanticFeature",
"SemanticPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133089118",
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"CaseFeature",
"MorphosyntacticFeature",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133095428",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"bll-133083985",
"bll-133109771",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"GeneralLinguisticNotion",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
]
] | [
[
[
"Animacy feature",
"Belebtheit"
],
[
"Semantic feature",
"Semantisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Semantic phenomenon",
"Semantisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Determiner",
"Determiner"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Case feature",
"Kasus"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic feature",
"Morphosyntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Papuan",
"Papua-Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Kartvelian languages",
"Kartwelische Sprachen"
],
[
"Caucasian languages",
"Kaukasische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"General linguistic notion",
"Allgemeinlinguistisches Konzept"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
]
] | [
"SemanticPhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Laz positional verbs: semantics and use with inanimate Figures
### Abstract:
In this article, we discuss the meaning and use of positional verbs in the South-Caucasian language Laz. Positional verbs are defined as those verbs which — in combination with one of several locational verbal prefixes (preverbs) — may appear in the basic construction that functions as an answer to a “where” question, the so-called basic locative construction (BLC). Within this class of verbs, we pay particular attention to those positionals which are used regularly in our data to describe the configuration of inanimate movable objects. Laz is shown to be a multiverb language, i.e., a language that uses a comparatively large set of verbs in the BLC. The fourteen verbs in question are PRV-dgun ‘stand’, PRV-ren ‘stand’, PRV-zun ‘lie’, PRV-xen ‘sit, stay’, PRV-bɣun ‘be located as mass’, PRV-mpiy ‘be spread’, PRV-sun ‘be smeared’, PRV-tun ‘cover’, PRV-bun ‘hang’, PRV-nʒoy ‘stick, be stuck’, PRV-n un ‘be dipped’, PRV- abun ‘stick to, be sticky’, PRV- orun ‘be bound’, PRV-gzun ‘burn’. The semantics and the use of these verbs are described in some detail including nontypical configurations, which trigger variation among speakers due to alternative categorizations and prototype effects.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:Inanimate', 'bllo:bll-133078108', 'bllo:bll-133114155', 'bllo:bll-502180102', 'bllo:bll-133098702', 'bllo:Prototype', 'bllo:bll-13307448X']
### BLL class (en):
['Inanimate', 'Article', 'Locative', 'Abun', 'Laz', 'Prototype', 'Semantics']
### BLL class (de):
['Unbelebt', 'Artikel', 'Lokativ', 'Abun', 'Lasisch', 'Prototyp', 'Semantik']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['AnimacyFeature', 'SemanticFeature', 'SemanticPhenomenon'], ['bll-133089118', 'MorphosyntacticCategory', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon'], ['CaseFeature', 'MorphosyntacticFeature', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon'], ['bll-133095428', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['bll-133083985', 'bll-133109771', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['GeneralLinguisticNotion', 'OtherLinguisticTerm'], ['ResearchTopic', 'OtherLinguisticTerm']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Animacy feature', 'Semantic feature', 'Semantic phenomenon']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Belebtheit', 'Semantisches Merkmal', 'Semantisches Phänomen']
### BLL top node:
['SemanticPhenomenon', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'OtherLinguisticTerm', 'OtherLinguisticTerm']
### DDC ID:
ddc:491
### Other subjects:
['Lasisch', 'Positionsverb', 'Semantik', 'Südkaukasische Sprachen']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
3417 | Lexical Economy and Case Selection of Psych-Verbs in German | eng | doc-type:workingPaper | [
"Psych-verbs, exhibiting a wide range of construction types, challenge the assumption that verbs sharing the same theta-grid and event structure select the same case patterns. Consequently, previous research has tried to trace back the constructional variants of these verbs to differences in deep syntactic or semantic (event- or causal) structure. However, in German a construction type may exhibit semantically distinct subclasses, and a semantic subclass may have different syntactic realizations. Thus, it is difficult to find general linking patterns of psych-verbs. On the other hand, it is characteristic of psych-verbs to have non-psych-readings as well. We argue that these readings determine case selection. In the centre of our argumentation is the principle of Lexical Economy according to which entries in the mental lexicon are as simple as possible. The case frame must be compatible with all readings of the verb. Thus, the reading with the strongest thematic distinctiveness of each argument is crucial for case selection, typically a reading with a volitional agent and a strongly affected patient. Such readings impose stronger restrictions on case selection than psych-readings. The linking theory of our approach is based on Dowty’s theory of proto-roles (1991) and its modification and implementation in Optimality Theory in Primus (2002)."
] | ddc:435 | [
"Deutsch",
"Verb",
"Gefühl",
"Kasus"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133072835",
"bllo:bll-133070158",
"bllo:bll-133127125",
"bllo:Trace",
"bllo:bll-133073424",
"bllo:bll-13307448X",
"bllo:bll-385494750",
"bllo:bll-133113639",
"bllo:bll-133080102"
] | [
[
"Theory",
"Theorie"
],
[
"German",
"Deutsch"
],
[
"Verb",
"Verb"
],
[
"Trace",
"Trace"
],
[
"Case",
"Kasus"
],
[
"Semantics",
"Semantik"
],
[
"Economy",
"Wirtschaft"
],
[
"Lexicon",
"Lexikon"
],
[
"Optimality theory",
"Optimalitätstheorie"
]
] | [
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"NullElement",
"SyntacticCategory",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"CaseFeature",
"MorphosyntacticFeature",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"LexicalOrConceptualResource",
"LanguageResourceType",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"PhonologicalTheory",
"TheoreticalFramework",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
]
] | [
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Null element",
"Null-Element"
],
[
"Syntactic category",
"Syntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Case feature",
"Kasus"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic feature",
"Morphosyntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
],
[
"Morphological phenomenon",
"Morphologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Phonological theory",
"Phonologische Theorie"
],
[
"Theoretical framework",
"Theoretischer Ansatz"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Lexical Economy and Case Selection of Psych-Verbs in German
### Abstract:
Psych-verbs, exhibiting a wide range of construction types, challenge the assumption that verbs sharing the same theta-grid and event structure select the same case patterns. Consequently, previous research has tried to trace back the constructional variants of these verbs to differences in deep syntactic or semantic (event- or causal) structure. However, in German a construction type may exhibit semantically distinct subclasses, and a semantic subclass may have different syntactic realizations. Thus, it is difficult to find general linking patterns of psych-verbs. On the other hand, it is characteristic of psych-verbs to have non-psych-readings as well. We argue that these readings determine case selection. In the centre of our argumentation is the principle of Lexical Economy according to which entries in the mental lexicon are as simple as possible. The case frame must be compatible with all readings of the verb. Thus, the reading with the strongest thematic distinctiveness of each argument is crucial for case selection, typically a reading with a volitional agent and a strongly affected patient. Such readings impose stronger restrictions on case selection than psych-readings. The linking theory of our approach is based on Dowty’s theory of proto-roles (1991) and its modification and implementation in Optimality Theory in Primus (2002).
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-133072835', 'bllo:bll-133070158', 'bllo:bll-133127125', 'bllo:Trace', 'bllo:bll-133073424', 'bllo:bll-13307448X', 'bllo:bll-385494750', 'bllo:bll-133113639', 'bllo:bll-133080102']
### BLL class (en):
['Theory', 'German', 'Verb', 'Trace', 'Case', 'Semantics', 'Economy', 'Lexicon', 'Optimality theory']
### BLL class (de):
['Theorie', 'Deutsch', 'Verb', 'Trace', 'Kasus', 'Semantik', 'Wirtschaft', 'Lexikon', 'Optimalitätstheorie']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['WestGermanic', 'bll-133070166', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['MorphosyntacticCategory', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon'], ['NullElement', 'SyntacticCategory', 'SyntacticPhenomenon'], ['CaseFeature', 'MorphosyntacticFeature', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'MorphologicalPhenomenon'], ['ResearchTopic', 'OtherLinguisticTerm'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['LexicalOrConceptualResource', 'LanguageResourceType', 'LanguageResourceInformation'], ['PhonologicalTheory', 'TheoreticalFramework', 'OtherLinguisticTerm']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['West Germanic', 'Germanic', 'Indo-European languages', 'Language-related term']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Westgermanisch', 'Germanisch', 'Indoeuropäische Sprachen', 'Sprachbezeichner']
### BLL top node:
['LanguageRelatedTerm', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'SyntacticPhenomenon', 'MorphologicalPhenomenon', 'OtherLinguisticTerm', 'LexicalPhenomenon', 'LanguageResourceInformation', 'OtherLinguisticTerm']
### DDC ID:
ddc:435
### Other subjects:
['Deutsch', 'Verb', 'Gefühl', 'Kasus']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
3420 | The Lexicographic Portal of the IDS. Connecting Heterogeneous Lexicographic Resources by a Consistent Concept of Data Modelling | eng | doc-type:conferenceObject | [
"The Online-Wortschatz-Informationssystem Deutsch (OWID; Online Vocabulaty Information System German) o f the Institut fUr Deutsche Sprache (IDS; German Language Institute) in Mannheim is a lexicographic Internet portal for various electronic diciionary resources that are being compiled as the IDS. It is an explicit goal of OWID, not to present a random collection of unrelated reference works but to build a network of actually related lexicographic products. Hence, the core of the project is the design of an innovative concept of data modelling and structuring. The goal of this granular data modelling is to allow flexible access of each individual lexicographic resource as well as access across diverse dictionary resources. At the same time, fine-grained interconnectedness of all resources should be made possible. Every lexicographic resource within OWID—elexiko, Neologismenwörterbuch, Wortverbindungen online, Schulddiskurs im ersten Nachkriegsjahrzehnt—accomplishes this requirement with regard to data modelling and structuring. The paper explains the underlying consistent concept of the data modelling for the overall heterogeneous lexicographical resources. Also it is shown, how the modelling potential has been converting into the Internet presence of OWID."
] | ddc:433 | [
"computerunterstützte Lexikographie",
"Deutsch"
] | [
"bllo:bll-447457675",
"bllo:bll-133070158",
"bllo:bll-133101037",
"bllo:Dictionary",
"bllo:bll-133087697",
"bllo:bll-133070158",
"bllo:AccessTypeFeature",
"bllo:bll-133092305",
"bllo:bll-18533539X",
"bllo:bll-133120139"
] | [
[
"Fur",
"Fur"
],
[
"German",
"Deutsch"
],
[
"Concept",
"Konzept"
],
[
"Dictionary",
"Wörterbuch"
],
[
"Time",
"Zeit"
],
[
"German",
"Deutsch"
],
[
"Access",
"Zugriff"
],
[
"Neologies",
"Neologismenwörterbuch"
],
[
"Internet",
"Internet"
],
[
"Reference",
"Referenz"
]
] | [
[
"bll-182318508",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"LexicalOrConceptualResource",
"LanguageResourceType",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"LanguageResourceFeature",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"DictionaryTypeFeature",
"LanguageResourceFeature",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"SemanticRelation",
"SemanticPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Nilo-Saharan languages",
"Nilosaharanische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Semantic relation",
"Semantische Relation"
],
[
"Semantic phenomenon",
"Semantisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"SemanticPhenomenon"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
The Lexicographic Portal of the IDS. Connecting Heterogeneous Lexicographic Resources by a Consistent Concept of Data Modelling
### Abstract:
The Online-Wortschatz-Informationssystem Deutsch (OWID; Online Vocabulaty Information System German) o f the Institut fUr Deutsche Sprache (IDS; German Language Institute) in Mannheim is a lexicographic Internet portal for various electronic diciionary resources that are being compiled as the IDS. It is an explicit goal of OWID, not to present a random collection of unrelated reference works but to build a network of actually related lexicographic products. Hence, the core of the project is the design of an innovative concept of data modelling and structuring. The goal of this granular data modelling is to allow flexible access of each individual lexicographic resource as well as access across diverse dictionary resources. At the same time, fine-grained interconnectedness of all resources should be made possible. Every lexicographic resource within OWID—elexiko, Neologismenwörterbuch, Wortverbindungen online, Schulddiskurs im ersten Nachkriegsjahrzehnt—accomplishes this requirement with regard to data modelling and structuring. The paper explains the underlying consistent concept of the data modelling for the overall heterogeneous lexicographical resources. Also it is shown, how the modelling potential has been converting into the Internet presence of OWID.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-447457675', 'bllo:bll-133070158', 'bllo:bll-133101037', 'bllo:Dictionary', 'bllo:bll-133087697', 'bllo:bll-133070158', 'bllo:AccessTypeFeature', 'bllo:bll-133092305', 'bllo:bll-18533539X', 'bllo:bll-133120139']
### BLL class (en):
['Fur', 'German', 'Concept', 'Dictionary', 'Time', 'German', 'Access', 'Neologies', 'Internet', 'Reference']
### BLL class (de):
['Fur', 'Deutsch', 'Konzept', 'Wörterbuch', 'Zeit', 'Deutsch', 'Zugriff', 'Neologismenwörterbuch', 'Internet', 'Referenz']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['bll-182318508', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['WestGermanic', 'bll-133070166', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['LexicalOrConceptualResource', 'LanguageResourceType', 'LanguageResourceInformation'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['WestGermanic', 'bll-133070166', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['LanguageResourceFeature', 'LanguageResourceInformation'], ['DictionaryTypeFeature', 'LanguageResourceFeature', 'LanguageResourceInformation'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['SemanticRelation', 'SemanticPhenomenon']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Nilo-Saharan languages', 'Language-related term']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Nilosaharanische Sprachen', 'Sprachbezeichner']
### BLL top node:
['LanguageRelatedTerm', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'LexicalPhenomenon', 'LanguageResourceInformation', 'LexicalPhenomenon', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'LanguageResourceInformation', 'LanguageResourceInformation', 'LexicalPhenomenon', 'SemanticPhenomenon']
### DDC ID:
ddc:433
### Other subjects:
['computerunterstützte Lexikographie', 'Deutsch']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
3430 | Pfade der Grammatikalisierung – ein systematisierter Überblick | deu | doc-type:workingPaper | [
"In der Forschung zu Grammatikalisierungsphänomenen wurden die Untersuchungsergebnisse häufig in Form grafischer Schemata dargestellt. Die einschlägige Forschungsliteratur spricht daher von 'grammaticaiization paths', 'chains' und 'channels'. Die vorliegende Arbeit möchte erstens einen Überblick darüber bieten, welche Grammatikalisierungspfade - und zu welchen traditionellen grammatischen Domänen - bisher vorgeschlagen wurden. Zweitens wird mittels der Zusammenstellung der Pfade in einem Gesamtbild veranschaulicht, wie ein Grammatik-Modell aussehen könnte, dem die Grammatikaiisierungstheorie zugrundeliegt."
] | ddc:415 | [
"Grammatikalisation",
"Sprachwandel"
] | [
"bllo:bll-313464634",
"bllo:bll-195090896",
"bllo:bll-133077136"
] | [
[
"Appearance",
"Aussehen"
],
[
"Shape",
"Form"
],
[
"Work",
"Arbeit"
]
] | [
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Pfade der Grammatikalisierung – ein systematisierter Überblick
### Abstract:
In der Forschung zu Grammatikalisierungsphänomenen wurden die Untersuchungsergebnisse häufig in Form grafischer Schemata dargestellt. Die einschlägige Forschungsliteratur spricht daher von 'grammaticaiization paths', 'chains' und 'channels'. Die vorliegende Arbeit möchte erstens einen Überblick darüber bieten, welche Grammatikalisierungspfade - und zu welchen traditionellen grammatischen Domänen - bisher vorgeschlagen wurden. Zweitens wird mittels der Zusammenstellung der Pfade in einem Gesamtbild veranschaulicht, wie ein Grammatik-Modell aussehen könnte, dem die Grammatikaiisierungstheorie zugrundeliegt.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-313464634', 'bllo:bll-195090896', 'bllo:bll-133077136']
### BLL class (en):
['Appearance', 'Shape', 'Work']
### BLL class (de):
['Aussehen', 'Form', 'Arbeit']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Lexical field', 'Lexical phenomenon']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Wortfeld', 'Lexikalisches Phänomen']
### BLL top node:
['LexicalPhenomenon', 'LexicalPhenomenon', 'LexicalPhenomenon']
### DDC ID:
ddc:415
### Other subjects:
['Grammatikalisation', 'Sprachwandel']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
3432 | Emotionsverben im Estnischen: Konstruktionsvarianz und Kausalstruktur | deu | doc-type:article | [
"This paper deals with the constructional variation of emotion predicates in Estonian. It gives an overview on the constructional types, including information of their quantitative distribution. It is shown that one characteristic of Estonian is the formation of pairs of converses, i.e. pairs of emotion verbs, which have the same emotion semantics but different argument realisation patterns. These converses are based on derivational morphology such as the causative morphem –ta ‘CAUS’. Causative derivation has been adduced in the theoretical literature as support for the assumption that the cross-linguistically wide-spread constructional variation in emotion predicates has its origin in a difference of the causal structure in the verbal semantics. This paper shows that the data of Estonian contradicts this assumption."
] | ddc:490 | [
"Estnisch",
"Gefühl",
"Verb",
"Konstruktion <Linguistik>"
] | [
"bllo:bll-13309460X",
"bllo:bll-133073505",
"bllo:Distribution",
"bllo:bll-133073351",
"bllo:bll-133073378",
"bllo:bll-13307448X"
] | [
[
"Estonian",
"Estnisch"
],
[
"Derivation",
"Derivation"
],
[
"Distribution",
"Distribution"
],
[
"Morphology",
"Morphologie"
],
[
"Morpheme",
"Morphem"
],
[
"Semantics",
"Semantik"
]
] | [
[
"Finnic",
"bll-133096793",
"bll-13308390X",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"bll-133074846",
"MorphologicalProcess",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"GeneralLinguisticNotion",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"MorphologicalCategory",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
]
] | [
[
[
"Finnic",
"Ostseefinnisch"
],
[
"Finno-Ugric languages",
"Finno-Ugrische Sprachen"
],
[
"Uralic languages",
"Uralische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Word formation",
"Wortbildung"
],
[
"Morphological process",
"Morphologischer Prozess"
],
[
"Morphological phenomenon",
"Morphologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"General linguistic notion",
"Allgemeinlinguistisches Konzept"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Morphological category",
"Morphologische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphological phenomenon",
"Morphologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Emotionsverben im Estnischen: Konstruktionsvarianz und Kausalstruktur
### Abstract:
This paper deals with the constructional variation of emotion predicates in Estonian. It gives an overview on the constructional types, including information of their quantitative distribution. It is shown that one characteristic of Estonian is the formation of pairs of converses, i.e. pairs of emotion verbs, which have the same emotion semantics but different argument realisation patterns. These converses are based on derivational morphology such as the causative morphem –ta ‘CAUS’. Causative derivation has been adduced in the theoretical literature as support for the assumption that the cross-linguistically wide-spread constructional variation in emotion predicates has its origin in a difference of the causal structure in the verbal semantics. This paper shows that the data of Estonian contradicts this assumption.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-13309460X', 'bllo:bll-133073505', 'bllo:Distribution', 'bllo:bll-133073351', 'bllo:bll-133073378', 'bllo:bll-13307448X']
### BLL class (en):
['Estonian', 'Derivation', 'Distribution', 'Morphology', 'Morpheme', 'Semantics']
### BLL class (de):
['Estnisch', 'Derivation', 'Distribution', 'Morphologie', 'Morphem', 'Semantik']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['Finnic', 'bll-133096793', 'bll-13308390X', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['bll-133074846', 'MorphologicalProcess', 'MorphologicalPhenomenon'], ['GeneralLinguisticNotion', 'OtherLinguisticTerm'], ['ResearchTopic', 'OtherLinguisticTerm'], ['MorphologicalCategory', 'MorphologicalPhenomenon'], ['ResearchTopic', 'OtherLinguisticTerm']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Finnic', 'Finno-Ugric languages', 'Uralic languages', 'Language-related term']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Ostseefinnisch', 'Finno-Ugrische Sprachen', 'Uralische Sprachen', 'Sprachbezeichner']
### BLL top node:
['LanguageRelatedTerm', 'MorphologicalPhenomenon', 'OtherLinguisticTerm', 'OtherLinguisticTerm', 'MorphologicalPhenomenon', 'OtherLinguisticTerm']
### DDC ID:
ddc:490
### Other subjects:
['Estnisch', 'Gefühl', 'Verb', 'Konstruktion <Linguistik>']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
3433 | Motivated sign formation in Hieroglyphic Egyptian and German Sign Language (DGS). Towards a typology of iconic signs in visual linguistic systems | eng | doc-type:bookPart | [
"In Spoken Egyptian, the form of a linguistic sign is restricted by rules of root structure and consonant compatibility as well as word-formation patterns. Hieroglyphic Egyptian, however, displays additional principles of sign formation. Iconicity is one of the crucial features of a part of its sign inventory. In this article, hieroglyphic iconicity will be investigated by means of a preliminary comparative typology originally developed for German Sign Language (Kutscher 2010). The authors argue that patterns found in Egyptian hieroglyphic sign formation are systematically comparable to patterns of German Sign Language (DGS). These patterns determine what types of lexical meaning can be inferred from iconic linguistic signs."
] | ddc:490 | [
"Ägyptisch",
"Hieroglyphe",
"Deutsche Gebärdensprache (DGS)",
"Zeichensprache"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133079678",
"bllo:bll-133072851",
"bllo:bll-133078108",
"bllo:bll-133070158",
"bllo:bll-133089010",
"bllo:bll-133073017",
"bllo:bll-133086410",
"bllo:bll-195090896",
"bllo:Signed"
] | [
[
"Root",
"Wurzel"
],
[
"Features",
"Merkmale"
],
[
"Article",
"Artikel"
],
[
"German",
"Deutsch"
],
[
"Egyptian",
"Ägyptisch"
],
[
"Consonant",
"Konsonant"
],
[
"German Sign Language",
"Deutsche Gebärdensprache"
],
[
"Shape",
"Form"
],
[
"Sign language",
"Gebärdensprache"
]
] | [
[
"bll-133073378",
"MorphologicalCategory",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"PhonologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133089118",
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"bll-133074870",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"Segment",
"PhonologicalCategory",
"PhonologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"SignLanguage",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"ModalityTypeFeature",
"LanguageResourceFeature",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
]
] | [
[
[
"Morpheme",
"Morphem"
],
[
"Morphological category",
"Morphologische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphological phenomenon",
"Morphologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Phonological phenomenon",
"Phonologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Determiner",
"Determiner"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Afro-Asiatic languages",
"Afroasiatische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Speech sound",
"Sprachlaut"
],
[
"Phonological category",
"Phonologische Kategorie"
],
[
"Phonological phenomenon",
"Phonologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Sign languages",
"Gebärdensprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"MorphologicalPhenomenon",
"PhonologicalPhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"PhonologicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Motivated sign formation in Hieroglyphic Egyptian and German Sign Language (DGS). Towards a typology of iconic signs in visual linguistic systems
### Abstract:
In Spoken Egyptian, the form of a linguistic sign is restricted by rules of root structure and consonant compatibility as well as word-formation patterns. Hieroglyphic Egyptian, however, displays additional principles of sign formation. Iconicity is one of the crucial features of a part of its sign inventory. In this article, hieroglyphic iconicity will be investigated by means of a preliminary comparative typology originally developed for German Sign Language (Kutscher 2010). The authors argue that patterns found in Egyptian hieroglyphic sign formation are systematically comparable to patterns of German Sign Language (DGS). These patterns determine what types of lexical meaning can be inferred from iconic linguistic signs.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-133079678', 'bllo:bll-133072851', 'bllo:bll-133078108', 'bllo:bll-133070158', 'bllo:bll-133089010', 'bllo:bll-133073017', 'bllo:bll-133086410', 'bllo:bll-195090896', 'bllo:Signed']
### BLL class (en):
['Root', 'Features', 'Article', 'German', 'Egyptian', 'Consonant', 'German Sign Language', 'Shape', 'Sign language']
### BLL class (de):
['Wurzel', 'Merkmale', 'Artikel', 'Deutsch', 'Ägyptisch', 'Konsonant', 'Deutsche Gebärdensprache', 'Form', 'Gebärdensprache']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['bll-133073378', 'MorphologicalCategory', 'MorphologicalPhenomenon'], ['PhonologicalPhenomenon'], ['bll-133089118', 'MorphosyntacticCategory', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon'], ['WestGermanic', 'bll-133070166', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['bll-133074870', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['Segment', 'PhonologicalCategory', 'PhonologicalPhenomenon'], ['SignLanguage', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['ModalityTypeFeature', 'LanguageResourceFeature', 'LanguageResourceInformation']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Morpheme', 'Morphological category', 'Morphological phenomenon']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Morphem', 'Morphologische Kategorie', 'Morphologisches Phänomen']
### BLL top node:
['MorphologicalPhenomenon', 'PhonologicalPhenomenon', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'PhonologicalPhenomenon', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'LexicalPhenomenon', 'LanguageResourceInformation']
### DDC ID:
ddc:490
### Other subjects:
['Ägyptisch', 'Hieroglyphe', 'Deutsche Gebärdensprache (DGS)', 'Zeichensprache']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
3434 | On depictive secondary predicates in Laz | eng | doc-type:bookPart | [
"The article deals with morphosyntactic, semantic, and prosodic characteristics of depictive secondary predication in Laz. We show that Laz adjunct expressions generally cannot be divided into depictive and adverbial constructions on the basis of their morphosyntactic properties. We also deal with some prosodic characteristics of adjuncts expressing manner and state, and discuss to what extent depictive expressions may be delimited from manner adverbials on the grounds of intonational patterns."
] | ddc:491 | [
"Lasisch",
"Südkaukasische Sprachen",
"Prädikation"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133075281",
"bllo:bll-133078108",
"bllo:Adjunct",
"bllo:bll-133084698",
"bllo:bll-133098702",
"bllo:bll-13307448X"
] | [
[
"Predication",
"Prädikation"
],
[
"Article",
"Artikel"
],
[
"Adjunct",
"Adjunkt"
],
[
"State",
"Zustandsbezeichnung"
],
[
"Laz",
"Lasisch"
],
[
"Semantics",
"Semantik"
]
] | [
[
"SyntacticProcess",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133089118",
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"SyntacticRole",
"SyntacticFeature",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133083985",
"bll-133109771",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
]
] | [
[
[
"Syntactic process",
"Syntaktischer Prozess"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Determiner",
"Determiner"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Syntactic role",
"Syntaktische Rolle"
],
[
"Syntactic feature",
"Syntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Kartvelian languages",
"Kartwelische Sprachen"
],
[
"Caucasian languages",
"Kaukasische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
]
] | [
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
On depictive secondary predicates in Laz
### Abstract:
The article deals with morphosyntactic, semantic, and prosodic characteristics of depictive secondary predication in Laz. We show that Laz adjunct expressions generally cannot be divided into depictive and adverbial constructions on the basis of their morphosyntactic properties. We also deal with some prosodic characteristics of adjuncts expressing manner and state, and discuss to what extent depictive expressions may be delimited from manner adverbials on the grounds of intonational patterns.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-133075281', 'bllo:bll-133078108', 'bllo:Adjunct', 'bllo:bll-133084698', 'bllo:bll-133098702', 'bllo:bll-13307448X']
### BLL class (en):
['Predication', 'Article', 'Adjunct', 'State', 'Laz', 'Semantics']
### BLL class (de):
['Prädikation', 'Artikel', 'Adjunkt', 'Zustandsbezeichnung', 'Lasisch', 'Semantik']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['SyntacticProcess', 'SyntacticPhenomenon'], ['bll-133089118', 'MorphosyntacticCategory', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon'], ['SyntacticRole', 'SyntacticFeature', 'SyntacticPhenomenon'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['bll-133083985', 'bll-133109771', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['ResearchTopic', 'OtherLinguisticTerm']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Syntactic process', 'Syntactic phenomenon']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Syntaktischer Prozess', 'Syntaktisches Phänomen']
### BLL top node:
['SyntacticPhenomenon', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'SyntacticPhenomenon', 'LexicalPhenomenon', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'OtherLinguisticTerm']
### DDC ID:
ddc:491
### Other subjects:
['Lasisch', 'Südkaukasische Sprachen', 'Prädikation']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
3435 | Psych-Verbs and Lexical Economy | eng | doc-type:workingPaper | [
"Psych-verbs have been a touch-stone to linking-theories, which assume that case selection is determined by thematic roles. Though psych-verbs share the same thematic grid (experiencer and stimulus), they show different case frames. Different syntactic (structural) and semantic (event- or causal structure) approaches exist, but at least in German we will show that none of the several approaches to psych-verbs cover all differences and similarities of the several formal classes of psych-verbs in that language. In this paper we argue that the case selection of psych-verbs does not depend on their psychical reading at all. While Functional Expressivity requires that different thematic roles are expressed by different forms, Lexical Economy states that lexical entries should be minimally, i.e. verbs should only provide one case frame. Thus, the case frame of a verb must be compatible to the thematic requirements of all readings of this verb. Researchers paid little attention to the fact that polysemy is characteristic for psych-verbs. Psychverbs have (or have had) other, more specific readings, as well, and occasional psychical readings are possible for most verbs. According to the proto-role approach of Dowty (1991) and its modifications by Primus (1999b, 2002a, 2002b, 2002c), case selection is determined by the grade of agentivity or patientivity of arguments. Concrete readings have stronger agents and patients and make therefore stronger restrictions to case selection, and the psychical reading of a verb is always compatible with this reading. Thus, the case selection of psych-verbs is not affected by its psychical reading."
] | ddc:435 | [
"Deutsch",
"Gefühl",
"Kasus",
"Verb"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133070158",
"bllo:bll-133127125",
"bllo:Polysemy",
"bllo:bll-133098893",
"bllo:bll-133073424",
"bllo:bll-13307448X",
"bllo:bll-133076229",
"bllo:bll-385494750"
] | [
[
"German",
"Deutsch"
],
[
"Verb",
"Verb"
],
[
"Polysemy",
"Polysemie"
],
[
"Mossi",
"More"
],
[
"Case",
"Kasus"
],
[
"Semantics",
"Semantik"
],
[
"Agentivity",
"Agentivität"
],
[
"Economy",
"Wirtschaft"
]
] | [
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"LexicalRelation",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"Oti-Volta",
"NorthernGur",
"CentralGur",
"bll-133102556",
"bll-133076199",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"CaseFeature",
"MorphosyntacticFeature",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical relation",
"Lexikalische Relation"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Oti-Volta",
"Oti-Volta"
],
[
"Northern Gur",
"Nord-Gur"
],
[
"Central Gur",
"Zentral-Gur"
],
[
"Gur",
"Gur-Sprachen"
],
[
"Niger-Congo languages",
"Niger-Kongo-Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Case feature",
"Kasus"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic feature",
"Morphosyntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
],
[
"Morphological phenomenon",
"Morphologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Psych-Verbs and Lexical Economy
### Abstract:
Psych-verbs have been a touch-stone to linking-theories, which assume that case selection is determined by thematic roles. Though psych-verbs share the same thematic grid (experiencer and stimulus), they show different case frames. Different syntactic (structural) and semantic (event- or causal structure) approaches exist, but at least in German we will show that none of the several approaches to psych-verbs cover all differences and similarities of the several formal classes of psych-verbs in that language. In this paper we argue that the case selection of psych-verbs does not depend on their psychical reading at all. While Functional Expressivity requires that different thematic roles are expressed by different forms, Lexical Economy states that lexical entries should be minimally, i.e. verbs should only provide one case frame. Thus, the case frame of a verb must be compatible to the thematic requirements of all readings of this verb. Researchers paid little attention to the fact that polysemy is characteristic for psych-verbs. Psychverbs have (or have had) other, more specific readings, as well, and occasional psychical readings are possible for most verbs. According to the proto-role approach of Dowty (1991) and its modifications by Primus (1999b, 2002a, 2002b, 2002c), case selection is determined by the grade of agentivity or patientivity of arguments. Concrete readings have stronger agents and patients and make therefore stronger restrictions to case selection, and the psychical reading of a verb is always compatible with this reading. Thus, the case selection of psych-verbs is not affected by its psychical reading.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-133070158', 'bllo:bll-133127125', 'bllo:Polysemy', 'bllo:bll-133098893', 'bllo:bll-133073424', 'bllo:bll-13307448X', 'bllo:bll-133076229', 'bllo:bll-385494750']
### BLL class (en):
['German', 'Verb', 'Polysemy', 'Mossi', 'Case', 'Semantics', 'Agentivity', 'Economy']
### BLL class (de):
['Deutsch', 'Verb', 'Polysemie', 'More', 'Kasus', 'Semantik', 'Agentivität', 'Wirtschaft']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['WestGermanic', 'bll-133070166', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['MorphosyntacticCategory', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon'], ['LexicalRelation', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['Oti-Volta', 'NorthernGur', 'CentralGur', 'bll-133102556', 'bll-133076199', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['CaseFeature', 'MorphosyntacticFeature', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'MorphologicalPhenomenon'], ['ResearchTopic', 'OtherLinguisticTerm'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['West Germanic', 'Germanic', 'Indo-European languages', 'Language-related term']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Westgermanisch', 'Germanisch', 'Indoeuropäische Sprachen', 'Sprachbezeichner']
### BLL top node:
['LanguageRelatedTerm', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'LexicalPhenomenon', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'MorphologicalPhenomenon', 'OtherLinguisticTerm', 'LexicalPhenomenon']
### DDC ID:
ddc:435
### Other subjects:
['Deutsch', 'Gefühl', 'Kasus', 'Verb']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
3506 | Man nehme ... Verbformen in Kochrezepten | deu | doc-type:article | [
"Kochrezepte gibt es, seit Menschen kochen. Aufgeschrieben werden sie, seit Menschen sich dafür interessieren sie aufzuschreiben – zur eigenen Erinnerung, zur Information anderer oder zur Fixierung einer gemeinsamen Tradition. Wie Kochrezepte aufgeschrieben werden, hat sich im Laufe der Jahrhunderte ständig verändert. Zum Beispiel haben deutsche Kochrezeptschreiber die verschiedensten Verbformen ausprobiert. Berühmt ist der adhortative Konjunktiv: Man nehme ... Davon und von vielen weiteren Verbformen in Kochrezepten handelt dieser Beitrag."
] | ddc:435 | [
"Deutsch",
"Kochbuch",
"Verb"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133102203",
"bllo:bll-133111202"
] | [
[
"Man",
"Mann"
],
[
"Subjunctive",
"Konjunktiv"
]
] | [
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"MoodFeature",
"MorphosyntacticFeature",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Mood feature",
"Modus"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic feature",
"Morphosyntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Man nehme ... Verbformen in Kochrezepten
### Abstract:
Kochrezepte gibt es, seit Menschen kochen. Aufgeschrieben werden sie, seit Menschen sich dafür interessieren sie aufzuschreiben – zur eigenen Erinnerung, zur Information anderer oder zur Fixierung einer gemeinsamen Tradition. Wie Kochrezepte aufgeschrieben werden, hat sich im Laufe der Jahrhunderte ständig verändert. Zum Beispiel haben deutsche Kochrezeptschreiber die verschiedensten Verbformen ausprobiert. Berühmt ist der adhortative Konjunktiv: Man nehme ... Davon und von vielen weiteren Verbformen in Kochrezepten handelt dieser Beitrag.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-133102203', 'bllo:bll-133111202']
### BLL class (en):
['Man', 'Subjunctive']
### BLL class (de):
['Mann', 'Konjunktiv']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['MoodFeature', 'MorphosyntacticFeature', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Lexical field', 'Lexical phenomenon']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Wortfeld', 'Lexikalisches Phänomen']
### BLL top node:
['LexicalPhenomenon', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon']
### DDC ID:
ddc:435
### Other subjects:
['Deutsch', 'Kochbuch', 'Verb']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
3707 | SMM: Detailed, Structured Morphological Analysis for Spanish | eng | doc-type:article | [
"We present a morphological analyzer for Spanish called SMM. SMM is implemented in the grammar development framework Malaga, which is based on the formalism of Left-Associative Grammar. We briefly present the Malaga framework, describe the implementation decisions for some interesting morphological phenomena of Spanish, and report on the evaluation results from the analysis of corpora. SMM was originally only designed for analyzing word forms; in this article we outline two approaches for using SMM and the facilities provided by Malaga to also generate verbal paradigms. SMM can also be embedded into applications by making use of the Malagaprogramming interface; we briefly discuss some application scenarios."
] | ddc:460 | [
"Computerlinguistik",
"Morphologie <Linguistik>",
"Spanisch"
] | [
"bllo:Grammar",
"bllo:Word",
"bllo:bll-133078108",
"bllo:bll-13307076X"
] | [
[
"Grammar",
"Grammatik"
],
[
"Word",
"Wort"
],
[
"Article",
"Artikel"
],
[
"Spanish",
"Spanisch"
]
] | [
[
"LanguageDescription",
"LanguageResourceType",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"LexicalCategory",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133089118",
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133070549",
"bll-133096246",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
]
] | [
[
[
"Lexical category",
"Lexikalische Kategorie"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Determiner",
"Determiner"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Romance",
"Romanisch"
],
[
"Italic languages",
"Italische Sprachen"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
SMM: Detailed, Structured Morphological Analysis for Spanish
### Abstract:
We present a morphological analyzer for Spanish called SMM. SMM is implemented in the grammar development framework Malaga, which is based on the formalism of Left-Associative Grammar. We briefly present the Malaga framework, describe the implementation decisions for some interesting morphological phenomena of Spanish, and report on the evaluation results from the analysis of corpora. SMM was originally only designed for analyzing word forms; in this article we outline two approaches for using SMM and the facilities provided by Malaga to also generate verbal paradigms. SMM can also be embedded into applications by making use of the Malagaprogramming interface; we briefly discuss some application scenarios.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:Grammar', 'bllo:Word', 'bllo:bll-133078108', 'bllo:bll-13307076X']
### BLL class (en):
['Grammar', 'Word', 'Article', 'Spanish']
### BLL class (de):
['Grammatik', 'Wort', 'Artikel', 'Spanisch']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['LanguageDescription', 'LanguageResourceType', 'LanguageResourceInformation'], ['LexicalCategory', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['bll-133089118', 'MorphosyntacticCategory', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon'], ['bll-133070549', 'bll-133096246', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Lexical category', 'Lexical phenomenon']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Lexikalische Kategorie', 'Lexikalisches Phänomen']
### BLL top node:
['LanguageResourceInformation', 'LexicalPhenomenon', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'LanguageRelatedTerm']
### DDC ID:
ddc:460
### Other subjects:
['Computerlinguistik', 'Morphologie <Linguistik>', 'Spanisch']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
376 | On comparing multilingual situations. The Slavic minorities in the Republic of Austria | eng | doc-type:article | [
"This article aims to show that it is only by comparing different multilingual communities that a typologically relevant description of such communities is made possible. An example (Brix, 1982) is presented to demonstrate that a usable description of such regions is implicitly based on comparison and what factors are important in this respect. It is shown that only a model of variables which can comprise the analogous traits of the situations as well as the differences between them enables an adequate comparison to be made. The examples of the Croats in the Burgenland and of the Slovenes in Carinthia show what the consequences for the description of the situations are and what difficulties arise with such a description. The domains of the semi-official use of language are examined to find out what parallels and differences in the factors which are used for the description of multilingual communities (e.g. economic situation, legislation, historical development, sociolinguistic situation) can be related the peculiarities of language use in the two situations. In this way typological similarities and certain idiosyncratic characteristics of the two regions can be understood."
] | ddc:430 | [
"Slawisch",
"Österreich",
"Deutsch",
"Kroatisch",
"Slowenisch",
"ddc:491"
] | [
"bllo:Multilingual",
"bllo:bll-133071243",
"bllo:bll-133073564",
"bllo:bll-133078108"
] | [
[
"Multilingual",
"Mehrsprachig"
],
[
"Sociolinguistics",
"Soziolinguistik"
],
[
"Comparison",
"Komparation"
],
[
"Article",
"Artikel"
]
] | [
[
"LingualityTypeFeature",
"LanguageResourceFeature",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"bll-133089118",
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Determiner",
"Determiner"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
On comparing multilingual situations. The Slavic minorities in the Republic of Austria
### Abstract:
This article aims to show that it is only by comparing different multilingual communities that a typologically relevant description of such communities is made possible. An example (Brix, 1982) is presented to demonstrate that a usable description of such regions is implicitly based on comparison and what factors are important in this respect. It is shown that only a model of variables which can comprise the analogous traits of the situations as well as the differences between them enables an adequate comparison to be made. The examples of the Croats in the Burgenland and of the Slovenes in Carinthia show what the consequences for the description of the situations are and what difficulties arise with such a description. The domains of the semi-official use of language are examined to find out what parallels and differences in the factors which are used for the description of multilingual communities (e.g. economic situation, legislation, historical development, sociolinguistic situation) can be related the peculiarities of language use in the two situations. In this way typological similarities and certain idiosyncratic characteristics of the two regions can be understood.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:Multilingual', 'bllo:bll-133071243', 'bllo:bll-133073564', 'bllo:bll-133078108']
### BLL class (en):
['Multilingual', 'Sociolinguistics', 'Comparison', 'Article']
### BLL class (de):
['Mehrsprachig', 'Soziolinguistik', 'Komparation', 'Artikel']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['LingualityTypeFeature', 'LanguageResourceFeature', 'LanguageResourceInformation'], ['ResearchTopic', 'OtherLinguisticTerm'], ['bll-133089118', 'MorphosyntacticCategory', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Research topic', 'Other linguistic term']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Forschungsthema', 'Anderer linguistischer Begriff']
### BLL top node:
['LanguageResourceInformation', 'OtherLinguisticTerm', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon']
### DDC ID:
ddc:430
### Other subjects:
['Slawisch', 'Österreich', 'Deutsch', 'Kroatisch', 'Slowenisch', 'ddc:491']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
4165 | Representing information structure in an HPSG grammar of Spanish | eng | doc-type:doctoralThesis | [
"This is a study of how aspects of information structure can be captured within a formal grammar of Spanish, couched in the framework of Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar (HPSG, Pollard\r\nand Sag 1994). While a large number of morphological, syntactic and semantic aspects in a variety of languages have been successfully analysed in this theory, information structure has not been paid the same attention in the HPSG literature. However, as a theory of signs, HPSG should include all\r\nlevels of description without which the structural descriptions offered by the grammar would ultimately remain incomplete. Languages often explicitly mark the information-structural partitioning of utterances. Depending on the particular language, linguistic resources used for this purpose include\r\nprosody (stress/intonation), syntax (e. g. constituent order, special syntactic constructions) and morphology (e. g. special affixes). In HPSG, phonological, syntactic, semantic and pragmatic information is represented in parallel, which would seem to be a well-suited architecture for modelling\r\nthe sort of interfaces called for."
] | ddc:460 | [
"Spanisch",
"Grammatiktheorie"
] | [
"bllo:Grammar",
"bllo:bll-133072835",
"bllo:bll-13307384X",
"bllo:Phrase",
"bllo:bll-13307076X",
"bllo:Constituent",
"bllo:bll-133073408",
"bllo:bll-133073351",
"bllo:bll-13307448X",
"bllo:bll-133126064"
] | [
[
"Grammar",
"Grammatik"
],
[
"Theory",
"Theorie"
],
[
"Syntax",
"Syntax"
],
[
"Phrase",
"Phrase"
],
[
"Spanish",
"Spanisch"
],
[
"Constituent",
"Konstituente"
],
[
"Number",
"Numerus"
],
[
"Morphology",
"Morphologie"
],
[
"Semantics",
"Semantik"
],
[
"Information structure",
"Informationsstruktur"
]
] | [
[
"LanguageDescription",
"LanguageResourceType",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"Constituent",
"SyntacticCategory",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133070549",
"bll-133096246",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"SyntacticCategory",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
]
] | [
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Constituent",
"Konstituente"
],
[
"Syntactic category",
"Syntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Romance",
"Romanisch"
],
[
"Italic languages",
"Italische Sprachen"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Syntactic category",
"Syntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Representing information structure in an HPSG grammar of Spanish
### Abstract:
This is a study of how aspects of information structure can be captured within a formal grammar of Spanish, couched in the framework of Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar (HPSG, Pollard
and Sag 1994). While a large number of morphological, syntactic and semantic aspects in a variety of languages have been successfully analysed in this theory, information structure has not been paid the same attention in the HPSG literature. However, as a theory of signs, HPSG should include all
levels of description without which the structural descriptions offered by the grammar would ultimately remain incomplete. Languages often explicitly mark the information-structural partitioning of utterances. Depending on the particular language, linguistic resources used for this purpose include
prosody (stress/intonation), syntax (e. g. constituent order, special syntactic constructions) and morphology (e. g. special affixes). In HPSG, phonological, syntactic, semantic and pragmatic information is represented in parallel, which would seem to be a well-suited architecture for modelling
the sort of interfaces called for.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:Grammar', 'bllo:bll-133072835', 'bllo:bll-13307384X', 'bllo:Phrase', 'bllo:bll-13307076X', 'bllo:Constituent', 'bllo:bll-133073408', 'bllo:bll-133073351', 'bllo:bll-13307448X', 'bllo:bll-133126064']
### BLL class (en):
['Grammar', 'Theory', 'Syntax', 'Phrase', 'Spanish', 'Constituent', 'Number', 'Morphology', 'Semantics', 'Information structure']
### BLL class (de):
['Grammatik', 'Theorie', 'Syntax', 'Phrase', 'Spanisch', 'Konstituente', 'Numerus', 'Morphologie', 'Semantik', 'Informationsstruktur']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['LanguageDescription', 'LanguageResourceType', 'LanguageResourceInformation'], ['ResearchTopic', 'OtherLinguisticTerm'], ['Constituent', 'SyntacticCategory', 'SyntacticPhenomenon'], ['bll-133070549', 'bll-133096246', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['SyntacticCategory', 'SyntacticPhenomenon'], ['ResearchTopic', 'OtherLinguisticTerm'], ['ResearchTopic', 'OtherLinguisticTerm']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Research topic', 'Other linguistic term']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Forschungsthema', 'Anderer linguistischer Begriff']
### BLL top node:
['LanguageResourceInformation', 'OtherLinguisticTerm', 'SyntacticPhenomenon', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'SyntacticPhenomenon', 'OtherLinguisticTerm', 'OtherLinguisticTerm']
### DDC ID:
ddc:460
### Other subjects:
['Spanisch', 'Grammatiktheorie']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
4170 | Presenting and predicating lower events | eng | doc-type:bookPart | [
"The effects of different forms of predication have been insightfully (and almost exclusively) studied for 'simple' cases of predication, of which the 'presentational sentence' is maybe the paradigm instantiation. It is the aim of this paper to show that thc same kind of effects as well as in fact the same kind of structures are present at embedded levels in thematically and otherwise more complex structures. Beyond presentational sentences, 'unaccusative' experiencing constructions involving a dative subject, 'double object constructions' and - to a lesser extent - spraylload constructions are discussed. For all of these, it is argued that they comprise a predication encoding the ascription of a transient temporal property to a location. On this basis, a proposal is made as to how the scope asymmetry between the two arguments involved in the colistructions can be explained. Furthermore, a proposal is made as to how what has been called 'argument shift' is motivated."
] | ddc:411 | [
"Thematische Relation",
"Syntax",
"Semantik",
"Prädikativsatz",
"Prädikation",
"Englisch",
"Deutsch"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133075281",
"bllo:bll-13311712X",
"bllo:bll-133121895",
"bllo:Sentence",
"bllo:bll-133098893",
"bllo:bll-133124703",
"bllo:bll-133087964"
] | [
[
"Predication",
"Prädikation"
],
[
"Object",
"Objekt"
],
[
"Scope",
"Scopus"
],
[
"Sentence",
"Satz"
],
[
"Mossi",
"More"
],
[
"Subject",
"Subjekt"
],
[
"Dative",
"Dativ"
]
] | [
[
"SyntacticProcess",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"SyntacticRole",
"SyntacticFeature",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"UnclassifiedLinguisticConcept"
],
[
"Constituent",
"SyntacticCategory",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"Oti-Volta",
"NorthernGur",
"CentralGur",
"bll-133102556",
"bll-133076199",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"SyntacticRole",
"SyntacticFeature",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"CaseFeature",
"MorphosyntacticFeature",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Syntactic process",
"Syntaktischer Prozess"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Syntactic role",
"Syntaktische Rolle"
],
[
"Syntactic feature",
"Syntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Unclassified linguistic concept",
"Nichtklassifiziertes linguistisches Konzept"
]
],
[
[
"Constituent",
"Konstituente"
],
[
"Syntactic category",
"Syntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Oti-Volta",
"Oti-Volta"
],
[
"Northern Gur",
"Nord-Gur"
],
[
"Central Gur",
"Zentral-Gur"
],
[
"Gur",
"Gur-Sprachen"
],
[
"Niger-Congo languages",
"Niger-Kongo-Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Syntactic role",
"Syntaktische Rolle"
],
[
"Syntactic feature",
"Syntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Case feature",
"Kasus"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic feature",
"Morphosyntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"UnclassifiedLinguisticConcept",
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Presenting and predicating lower events
### Abstract:
The effects of different forms of predication have been insightfully (and almost exclusively) studied for 'simple' cases of predication, of which the 'presentational sentence' is maybe the paradigm instantiation. It is the aim of this paper to show that thc same kind of effects as well as in fact the same kind of structures are present at embedded levels in thematically and otherwise more complex structures. Beyond presentational sentences, 'unaccusative' experiencing constructions involving a dative subject, 'double object constructions' and - to a lesser extent - spraylload constructions are discussed. For all of these, it is argued that they comprise a predication encoding the ascription of a transient temporal property to a location. On this basis, a proposal is made as to how the scope asymmetry between the two arguments involved in the colistructions can be explained. Furthermore, a proposal is made as to how what has been called 'argument shift' is motivated.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-133075281', 'bllo:bll-13311712X', 'bllo:bll-133121895', 'bllo:Sentence', 'bllo:bll-133098893', 'bllo:bll-133124703', 'bllo:bll-133087964']
### BLL class (en):
['Predication', 'Object', 'Scope', 'Sentence', 'Mossi', 'Subject', 'Dative']
### BLL class (de):
['Prädikation', 'Objekt', 'Scopus', 'Satz', 'More', 'Subjekt', 'Dativ']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['SyntacticProcess', 'SyntacticPhenomenon'], ['SyntacticRole', 'SyntacticFeature', 'SyntacticPhenomenon'], ['UnclassifiedLinguisticConcept'], ['Constituent', 'SyntacticCategory', 'SyntacticPhenomenon'], ['Oti-Volta', 'NorthernGur', 'CentralGur', 'bll-133102556', 'bll-133076199', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['SyntacticRole', 'SyntacticFeature', 'SyntacticPhenomenon'], ['CaseFeature', 'MorphosyntacticFeature', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Syntactic process', 'Syntactic phenomenon']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Syntaktischer Prozess', 'Syntaktisches Phänomen']
### BLL top node:
['SyntacticPhenomenon', 'SyntacticPhenomenon', 'UnclassifiedLinguisticConcept', 'SyntacticPhenomenon', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'SyntacticPhenomenon', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon']
### DDC ID:
ddc:411
### Other subjects:
['Thematische Relation', 'Syntax', 'Semantik', 'Prädikativsatz', 'Prädikation', 'Englisch', 'Deutsch']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
4708 | Klassifikatorische Modifikation im Deutschen und Französischen | deu | doc-type:bookPart | [
"Deutsche oder englische Komposita wie Wasserschloss und handhag realisieren denselben Typ nominaler Bcgriffsbildung wie französisch chateau d'eau bzw. sac a main. Fs handelt sich um den funktionalen Typ der klassifikatorischen Modifikation, bei der ein nominaler Begriff (Schloss, Tasche) zu einem anderen Begriff (Wasser, Hand) in Beziehung gesetzt wird, in der Weise, dass ein Unterbegriff entsteht. Bei der funktionalen Analyse von Nominalphrasen, denen wir insgesamt die Funktion der Referenz auf konkrete oder abstrakte Gegenstände zuweisen, sind sprachübergreifend drei Teilaufgaben zu unterscheiden: die Nomination, die Determination und die Modifikation. Bei der Modifikation unterscheiden wir zwischen referentieller und begrifflicher Modifikation, letztere mit den Untertypen qualitativ und klassifikatorisch. Wir stellen insgesamt sechs Strukturtypen klassifikatorischer Modifikation vor. die zum Teil sprachübergreifend im Deutschen und Französischen (und weiteren europäischen Vergleichssprachen) genutzt werden. z.T. sprachspezifisch sind. Korrelationen zwischen Merkmalen der formalen Strukturtypen und den semantischen Eigenschaflen klassifikatorischer Modifikation, wie Nicht-Referentialität und Offenheit der Beziehung zwischen den Teilen des komplexen Begriffs, werden aufgezeigt und entsprechende Beschränkungen formuliert. So kann eine Markicrtheitsordnung der Strukturmuster angegeben werden: Unmarkierte Muster zeigen eine optimale Form-Funktions-Abstimmung und sind ausschließlich klassifikatorisch zu interpretieren: bei markierten Mustern wird formal o der semantisch von diesem Modell abgewichen.",
"Les mots composés en allemand et en anglais tels que Wasserschloss ou handhag realisent la méme conceptualisation que château d'eau ou sac à main en français. Ils appartiennent au type fonctionnel de modification classiticatrice, selon lequel un concept nominal (château, sac) est mis en relation avec un autre concept (eau - main) pour permettre la formation d'un sous-concept. Lorsque l'on travaille au niveau plurilingue. il est nccessaire de distinguer dans l’analyse fonctionnelle de la phrase nominale à laquelle nous attribuons une function generale de référence par rapport aux entites concretes ou abstraites. trois sous-fonctions : la nomination, la determination et la modification. Au niveau de la modification, nous distinguons la modification referentielle et la modification conceptuelle. cette dernière etant divisée en deux sous-types: le type qualitatif et le type classificateur. Nous presentons six types de structures de modification classificatrice, dont certains se retrouvent aussi bien en français qu'en allamand et mente en d'autres langues européennes, tandis que d'au tres sont spécifiques d'une seule langue. Nous voulons montrer les corrélations entre les propriétés des structures de type formel et les propriétés sémantiques de la modification classificatrice, comme par exemple le caractere non-referentiel et le non-marquage des rapports entre les parties du concept complexe. Nous voulons egalement formuler des restrictions dans ce domaine, afin de classer les structures selon leurs degres de marquage. Les types neutres (non-marques) sont caracterises par un rapport forme-function optimal et ne peuvent etre interpretes que de maniere classificatrice, alors que les structures de type plus marque s'eloignent de ce modele."
] | ddc:440 | [
"Kompositum",
"Deutsch",
"Französisch",
"Modifikation <Linguistik>"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133070557",
"bllo:Phrase",
"bllo:bll-133101037",
"bllo:bll-133120139",
"bllo:bll-133101010"
] | [
[
"French",
"Französisch"
],
[
"Phrase",
"Phrase"
],
[
"Concept",
"Konzept"
],
[
"Reference",
"Referenz"
],
[
"Notion",
"Begriff"
]
] | [
[
"bll-133070549",
"bll-133096246",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"Constituent",
"SyntacticCategory",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"SemanticRelation",
"SemanticPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Romance",
"Romanisch"
],
[
"Italic languages",
"Italische Sprachen"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Constituent",
"Konstituente"
],
[
"Syntactic category",
"Syntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Semantic relation",
"Semantische Relation"
],
[
"Semantic phenomenon",
"Semantisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"SemanticPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Klassifikatorische Modifikation im Deutschen und Französischen
### Abstract:
Deutsche oder englische Komposita wie Wasserschloss und handhag realisieren denselben Typ nominaler Bcgriffsbildung wie französisch chateau d'eau bzw. sac a main. Fs handelt sich um den funktionalen Typ der klassifikatorischen Modifikation, bei der ein nominaler Begriff (Schloss, Tasche) zu einem anderen Begriff (Wasser, Hand) in Beziehung gesetzt wird, in der Weise, dass ein Unterbegriff entsteht. Bei der funktionalen Analyse von Nominalphrasen, denen wir insgesamt die Funktion der Referenz auf konkrete oder abstrakte Gegenstände zuweisen, sind sprachübergreifend drei Teilaufgaben zu unterscheiden: die Nomination, die Determination und die Modifikation. Bei der Modifikation unterscheiden wir zwischen referentieller und begrifflicher Modifikation, letztere mit den Untertypen qualitativ und klassifikatorisch. Wir stellen insgesamt sechs Strukturtypen klassifikatorischer Modifikation vor. die zum Teil sprachübergreifend im Deutschen und Französischen (und weiteren europäischen Vergleichssprachen) genutzt werden. z.T. sprachspezifisch sind. Korrelationen zwischen Merkmalen der formalen Strukturtypen und den semantischen Eigenschaflen klassifikatorischer Modifikation, wie Nicht-Referentialität und Offenheit der Beziehung zwischen den Teilen des komplexen Begriffs, werden aufgezeigt und entsprechende Beschränkungen formuliert. So kann eine Markicrtheitsordnung der Strukturmuster angegeben werden: Unmarkierte Muster zeigen eine optimale Form-Funktions-Abstimmung und sind ausschließlich klassifikatorisch zu interpretieren: bei markierten Mustern wird formal o der semantisch von diesem Modell abgewichen. Les mots composés en allemand et en anglais tels que Wasserschloss ou handhag realisent la méme conceptualisation que château d'eau ou sac à main en français. Ils appartiennent au type fonctionnel de modification classiticatrice, selon lequel un concept nominal (château, sac) est mis en relation avec un autre concept (eau - main) pour permettre la formation d'un sous-concept. Lorsque l'on travaille au niveau plurilingue. il est nccessaire de distinguer dans l’analyse fonctionnelle de la phrase nominale à laquelle nous attribuons une function generale de référence par rapport aux entites concretes ou abstraites. trois sous-fonctions : la nomination, la determination et la modification. Au niveau de la modification, nous distinguons la modification referentielle et la modification conceptuelle. cette dernière etant divisée en deux sous-types: le type qualitatif et le type classificateur. Nous presentons six types de structures de modification classificatrice, dont certains se retrouvent aussi bien en français qu'en allamand et mente en d'autres langues européennes, tandis que d'au tres sont spécifiques d'une seule langue. Nous voulons montrer les corrélations entre les propriétés des structures de type formel et les propriétés sémantiques de la modification classificatrice, comme par exemple le caractere non-referentiel et le non-marquage des rapports entre les parties du concept complexe. Nous voulons egalement formuler des restrictions dans ce domaine, afin de classer les structures selon leurs degres de marquage. Les types neutres (non-marques) sont caracterises par un rapport forme-function optimal et ne peuvent etre interpretes que de maniere classificatrice, alors que les structures de type plus marque s'eloignent de ce modele.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-133070557', 'bllo:Phrase', 'bllo:bll-133101037', 'bllo:bll-133120139', 'bllo:bll-133101010']
### BLL class (en):
['French', 'Phrase', 'Concept', 'Reference', 'Notion']
### BLL class (de):
['Französisch', 'Phrase', 'Konzept', 'Referenz', 'Begriff']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['bll-133070549', 'bll-133096246', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['Constituent', 'SyntacticCategory', 'SyntacticPhenomenon'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['SemanticRelation', 'SemanticPhenomenon'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Romance', 'Italic languages', 'Indo-European languages', 'Language-related term']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Romanisch', 'Italische Sprachen', 'Indoeuropäische Sprachen', 'Sprachbezeichner']
### BLL top node:
['LanguageRelatedTerm', 'SyntacticPhenomenon', 'LexicalPhenomenon', 'SemanticPhenomenon', 'LexicalPhenomenon']
### DDC ID:
ddc:440
### Other subjects:
['Kompositum', 'Deutsch', 'Französisch', 'Modifikation <Linguistik>']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
480 | Deutsch in weiter Ferne : die Verbreitung der deutschen Sprache außerhalb des zusammenhängenden deutschen Sprachgebiets : deutsche Minderheiten | deu | doc-type:bookPart | [
"Sprachinseln scheinen eine typische Form des Vorkommens des Deutschen außerhalb seines zusammenhängenden Verbreitungsgebietes zu sein. Als Sprachinseln gelten Gemeinschaften, die sich in vorstandardlichen und vornationalen Zeiten aus diesem Gebiet gelöst, aber eine attitudinale Rückbindung an die Herkunftskultur behalten haben. Diese Rückbindung sichert den Erhalt genetisch als deutsch anzusehender Varietäten in fremdsprachiger Umgebung. Wenn man den heutigen standardsprachlichen Zustand des Deutschen als Bezugspunkt für Form und Verwendung der Inselvarietäten nimmt, muß man genauer differenzieren, was bei ihnen „deutsch” heißt und sieht, daß diese Zuordnung nicht die zentrale Rolle spielt, die der Terminus Sprachinsel suggeriert."
] | ddc:437 | [
"Deutsch"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133070158",
"bllo:bll-133102203",
"bllo:bll-195090896"
] | [
[
"German",
"Deutsch"
],
[
"Man",
"Mann"
],
[
"Shape",
"Form"
]
] | [
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Deutsch in weiter Ferne : die Verbreitung der deutschen Sprache außerhalb des zusammenhängenden deutschen Sprachgebiets : deutsche Minderheiten
### Abstract:
Sprachinseln scheinen eine typische Form des Vorkommens des Deutschen außerhalb seines zusammenhängenden Verbreitungsgebietes zu sein. Als Sprachinseln gelten Gemeinschaften, die sich in vorstandardlichen und vornationalen Zeiten aus diesem Gebiet gelöst, aber eine attitudinale Rückbindung an die Herkunftskultur behalten haben. Diese Rückbindung sichert den Erhalt genetisch als deutsch anzusehender Varietäten in fremdsprachiger Umgebung. Wenn man den heutigen standardsprachlichen Zustand des Deutschen als Bezugspunkt für Form und Verwendung der Inselvarietäten nimmt, muß man genauer differenzieren, was bei ihnen „deutsch” heißt und sieht, daß diese Zuordnung nicht die zentrale Rolle spielt, die der Terminus Sprachinsel suggeriert.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-133070158', 'bllo:bll-133102203', 'bllo:bll-195090896']
### BLL class (en):
['German', 'Man', 'Shape']
### BLL class (de):
['Deutsch', 'Mann', 'Form']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['WestGermanic', 'bll-133070166', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['West Germanic', 'Germanic', 'Indo-European languages', 'Language-related term']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Westgermanisch', 'Germanisch', 'Indoeuropäische Sprachen', 'Sprachbezeichner']
### BLL top node:
['LanguageRelatedTerm', 'LexicalPhenomenon', 'LexicalPhenomenon']
### DDC ID:
ddc:437
### Other subjects:
['Deutsch']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
536 | South Tyrol : German and Italian in a changing world | eng | doc-type:article | [
"In South Tyrol the Italian and German languages have coexisted for centuries. After a problematic development in the first half of the 20th century the situation has stabilised through an intense programme to protect the German-speaking minority living there. Though these protective measures were introduced primarily to keep the linguistic identity of the Italian and German language groups stable, they have led to a considerable degree of individual bilingualism, especially with the speakers of German. At the same time certain means were introduced to facilitate the use of German in the legal and administrative context of Italy. So these steps at the end have led to an intensified contact between the languages, and there is a growing awareness of the advantages of speaking more than one language. With the opening towards Europe and with general trends in society like globalisation and individualisation, a new model of a bilingual identity is developing which takes into consideration its usefulness in modem transcultural interaction as well as its value for regional self-identification. This development also leads to a higher degree of linguistic variation in the society of South Tyrol."
] | ddc:430 | [
"Deutsch",
"Italienisch",
"Südtirol",
"Minderheitensprache",
"Globalisierung",
"ddc:450"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133070158",
"bllo:bll-133087697",
"bllo:bll-133070948",
"bllo:Bilingual",
"bllo:bll-133098893",
"bllo:bll-133071219",
"bllo:bll-133070670"
] | [
[
"German",
"Deutsch"
],
[
"Time",
"Zeit"
],
[
"South Tyrol",
"Südtirol"
],
[
"Bilingual",
"Zweisprachig"
],
[
"Mossi",
"More"
],
[
"Bilingualism",
"Bilingualismus"
],
[
"Italian",
"Italienisch"
]
] | [
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"SouthBavarian",
"bll-133070360",
"bll-133070336",
"HighGerman",
"bll-133070158",
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"LingualityTypeFeature",
"LanguageResourceFeature",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"Oti-Volta",
"NorthernGur",
"CentralGur",
"bll-133102556",
"bll-133076199",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"bll-133070549",
"bll-133096246",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
]
] | [
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"South Bavarian",
"Südbairisch"
],
[
"Bavarian",
"Bairisch"
],
[
"Upper German dialects",
"Oberdeutsche Dialekte"
],
[
"High German",
"Hochdeutsch"
],
[
"German",
"Deutsch"
],
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Oti-Volta",
"Oti-Volta"
],
[
"Northern Gur",
"Nord-Gur"
],
[
"Central Gur",
"Zentral-Gur"
],
[
"Gur",
"Gur-Sprachen"
],
[
"Niger-Congo languages",
"Niger-Kongo-Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Romance",
"Romanisch"
],
[
"Italic languages",
"Italische Sprachen"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
South Tyrol : German and Italian in a changing world
### Abstract:
In South Tyrol the Italian and German languages have coexisted for centuries. After a problematic development in the first half of the 20th century the situation has stabilised through an intense programme to protect the German-speaking minority living there. Though these protective measures were introduced primarily to keep the linguistic identity of the Italian and German language groups stable, they have led to a considerable degree of individual bilingualism, especially with the speakers of German. At the same time certain means were introduced to facilitate the use of German in the legal and administrative context of Italy. So these steps at the end have led to an intensified contact between the languages, and there is a growing awareness of the advantages of speaking more than one language. With the opening towards Europe and with general trends in society like globalisation and individualisation, a new model of a bilingual identity is developing which takes into consideration its usefulness in modem transcultural interaction as well as its value for regional self-identification. This development also leads to a higher degree of linguistic variation in the society of South Tyrol.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-133070158', 'bllo:bll-133087697', 'bllo:bll-133070948', 'bllo:Bilingual', 'bllo:bll-133098893', 'bllo:bll-133071219', 'bllo:bll-133070670']
### BLL class (en):
['German', 'Time', 'South Tyrol', 'Bilingual', 'Mossi', 'Bilingualism', 'Italian']
### BLL class (de):
['Deutsch', 'Zeit', 'Südtirol', 'Zweisprachig', 'More', 'Bilingualismus', 'Italienisch']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['WestGermanic', 'bll-133070166', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['SouthBavarian', 'bll-133070360', 'bll-133070336', 'HighGerman', 'bll-133070158', 'WestGermanic', 'bll-133070166', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['LingualityTypeFeature', 'LanguageResourceFeature', 'LanguageResourceInformation'], ['Oti-Volta', 'NorthernGur', 'CentralGur', 'bll-133102556', 'bll-133076199', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['ResearchTopic', 'OtherLinguisticTerm'], ['bll-133070549', 'bll-133096246', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['West Germanic', 'Germanic', 'Indo-European languages', 'Language-related term']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Westgermanisch', 'Germanisch', 'Indoeuropäische Sprachen', 'Sprachbezeichner']
### BLL top node:
['LanguageRelatedTerm', 'LexicalPhenomenon', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'LanguageResourceInformation', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'OtherLinguisticTerm', 'LanguageRelatedTerm']
### DDC ID:
ddc:430
### Other subjects:
['Deutsch', 'Italienisch', 'Südtirol', 'Minderheitensprache', 'Globalisierung', 'ddc:450']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
5399 | Interaktionsarchitektur und Sozialtopografie. Basiskonzepte einer interaktionistischen Raumanalyse | deu | doc-type:bookPart | [
"Interaktion ist ohne konkreten Raum- und Ortsbezug kaum denkbar. In der institutionellen Kommunikation kommt diese Raumbindung besonders prägnant zum Ausdruck, weil sich hier charakteristische Räume ausdifferenziert haben, in denen die Kommunikation ihr soziales Zuhause gefunden hat: Gottesdienst im Kirchenraum, Unterricht im Klassenzimmer, Ausstellungen im Museum oder die Produktion von Radiosendungen im Aufnahmestudio. Dieser Zusammenhang von Interaktion und gebautem Raum steht im Zentrum des Sammelbandes: Wie wird durch und mit Architektur Interaktion möglich und erwartbar gemacht (Interaktionsarchitektur)? Wie bringen die Beteiligten in ihrer Nutzung der Architektur ihr Alltagswissen über soziale Räume zum Ausdruck (Sozialtopographie)? Wie fließen diese Ressourcen in die Herstellung eines je konkreten Interaktionsraumes ein? Mit diesen Fragen ist ein vielversprechendes interdisziplinäres Forschungsfeld aufgespannt, das in empirischer, theoretischer und methodologischer Hinsicht erschlossen wird: mit Fallanalysen zu den genannten Räumen, mit Beiträgen zur Theorie und Methodologie und mit interdisziplinären Experten-Kommentaren."
] | ddc:439 | [
"Raum",
"Architektur",
"Interaktion",
"Interaktionsanalyse",
"Konversationsanalyse"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133119890",
"bllo:bll-13307904X",
"bllo:bll-133072835"
] | [
[
"Spatial terms",
"Raum"
],
[
"Communication",
"Kommunikation"
],
[
"Theory",
"Theorie"
]
] | [
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Interaktionsarchitektur und Sozialtopografie. Basiskonzepte einer interaktionistischen Raumanalyse
### Abstract:
Interaktion ist ohne konkreten Raum- und Ortsbezug kaum denkbar. In der institutionellen Kommunikation kommt diese Raumbindung besonders prägnant zum Ausdruck, weil sich hier charakteristische Räume ausdifferenziert haben, in denen die Kommunikation ihr soziales Zuhause gefunden hat: Gottesdienst im Kirchenraum, Unterricht im Klassenzimmer, Ausstellungen im Museum oder die Produktion von Radiosendungen im Aufnahmestudio. Dieser Zusammenhang von Interaktion und gebautem Raum steht im Zentrum des Sammelbandes: Wie wird durch und mit Architektur Interaktion möglich und erwartbar gemacht (Interaktionsarchitektur)? Wie bringen die Beteiligten in ihrer Nutzung der Architektur ihr Alltagswissen über soziale Räume zum Ausdruck (Sozialtopographie)? Wie fließen diese Ressourcen in die Herstellung eines je konkreten Interaktionsraumes ein? Mit diesen Fragen ist ein vielversprechendes interdisziplinäres Forschungsfeld aufgespannt, das in empirischer, theoretischer und methodologischer Hinsicht erschlossen wird: mit Fallanalysen zu den genannten Räumen, mit Beiträgen zur Theorie und Methodologie und mit interdisziplinären Experten-Kommentaren.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-133119890', 'bllo:bll-13307904X', 'bllo:bll-133072835']
### BLL class (en):
['Spatial terms', 'Communication', 'Theory']
### BLL class (de):
['Raum', 'Kommunikation', 'Theorie']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Lexical field', 'Lexical phenomenon']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Wortfeld', 'Lexikalisches Phänomen']
### BLL top node:
['LexicalPhenomenon', 'LexicalPhenomenon']
### DDC ID:
ddc:439
### Other subjects:
['Raum', 'Architektur', 'Interaktion', 'Interaktionsanalyse', 'Konversationsanalyse']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
5580 | Wh-movement and the Small Clause Analyses of the English there-construction | eng | doc-type:article | [
"In this paper, I argue against the analyses of the there-construction by Moro (1997) and Hoekstra & Mulder (1990) and for an analysis in the frame of Williams (1994), Hazout (2004) from two angles. First of all, Moro and Hoekstra & Mulder do not correctly predict the behaviour of the there-construction under wh-movement; second, from a semantic point of view, the predicate in the small clause structure is the postverbal DP and not there. Alternatively, I follow the proposal by Williams (1994) in which there is the subject of predication and I will point out a direction to analyse the problematic wh-movement data within this framework."
] | ddc:420 | [
"Englisch",
"Prädikat",
"GB-Theorie"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133124703",
"bllo:bll-133075281",
"bllo:bll-13311905X",
"bllo:bll-321332849",
"bllo:Clause",
"bllo:bll-133122905",
"bllo:bll-133128474",
"bllo:bll-13307448X"
] | [
[
"Subject",
"Subjekt"
],
[
"Predication",
"Prädikation"
],
[
"Predicate",
"Prädikat"
],
[
"Moro",
"Moro"
],
[
"Clause",
"Teilsatz"
],
[
"Small clause",
"Small clause"
],
[
"Wh-movement",
"Wh-movement"
],
[
"Semantics",
"Semantik"
]
] | [
[
"SyntacticRole",
"SyntacticFeature",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"SyntacticProcess",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"SyntacticRole",
"SyntacticFeature",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"Heiban",
"bll-34713162X",
"bll-133076199",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"Constituent",
"SyntacticCategory",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"NonfiniteConstruction",
"Clause",
"Constituent",
"SyntacticCategory",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133116018",
"SyntacticFeature",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
]
] | [
[
[
"Syntactic role",
"Syntaktische Rolle"
],
[
"Syntactic feature",
"Syntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Syntactic process",
"Syntaktischer Prozess"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Syntactic role",
"Syntaktische Rolle"
],
[
"Syntactic feature",
"Syntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Heiban",
"Heiban"
],
[
"Kordofanian languages",
"Kordofanische Sprachen"
],
[
"Niger-Congo languages",
"Niger-Kongo-Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Constituent",
"Konstituente"
],
[
"Syntactic category",
"Syntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Nonfinite construction",
"Infinite Konstruktion"
],
[
"Clause",
"Teilsatz"
],
[
"Constituent",
"Konstituente"
],
[
"Syntactic category",
"Syntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Movement",
"Movement"
],
[
"Syntactic feature",
"Syntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
]
] | [
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Wh-movement and the Small Clause Analyses of the English there-construction
### Abstract:
In this paper, I argue against the analyses of the there-construction by Moro (1997) and Hoekstra & Mulder (1990) and for an analysis in the frame of Williams (1994), Hazout (2004) from two angles. First of all, Moro and Hoekstra & Mulder do not correctly predict the behaviour of the there-construction under wh-movement; second, from a semantic point of view, the predicate in the small clause structure is the postverbal DP and not there. Alternatively, I follow the proposal by Williams (1994) in which there is the subject of predication and I will point out a direction to analyse the problematic wh-movement data within this framework.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-133124703', 'bllo:bll-133075281', 'bllo:bll-13311905X', 'bllo:bll-321332849', 'bllo:Clause', 'bllo:bll-133122905', 'bllo:bll-133128474', 'bllo:bll-13307448X']
### BLL class (en):
['Subject', 'Predication', 'Predicate', 'Moro', 'Clause', 'Small clause', 'Wh-movement', 'Semantics']
### BLL class (de):
['Subjekt', 'Prädikation', 'Prädikat', 'Moro', 'Teilsatz', 'Small clause', 'Wh-movement', 'Semantik']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['SyntacticRole', 'SyntacticFeature', 'SyntacticPhenomenon'], ['SyntacticProcess', 'SyntacticPhenomenon'], ['SyntacticRole', 'SyntacticFeature', 'SyntacticPhenomenon'], ['Heiban', 'bll-34713162X', 'bll-133076199', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['Constituent', 'SyntacticCategory', 'SyntacticPhenomenon'], ['NonfiniteConstruction', 'Clause', 'Constituent', 'SyntacticCategory', 'SyntacticPhenomenon'], ['bll-133116018', 'SyntacticFeature', 'SyntacticPhenomenon'], ['ResearchTopic', 'OtherLinguisticTerm']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Syntactic role', 'Syntactic feature', 'Syntactic phenomenon']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Syntaktische Rolle', 'Syntaktisches Merkmal', 'Syntaktisches Phänomen']
### BLL top node:
['SyntacticPhenomenon', 'SyntacticPhenomenon', 'SyntacticPhenomenon', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'SyntacticPhenomenon', 'SyntacticPhenomenon', 'SyntacticPhenomenon', 'OtherLinguisticTerm']
### DDC ID:
ddc:420
### Other subjects:
['Englisch', 'Prädikat', 'GB-Theorie']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
5783 | Plural Comitative Constructions in Polish | eng | doc-type:conferenceObject | [
"This paper provides a treatment of Polish Plural Comitative Constructions in the paradigm of HPSG in the tradition of Pollard and Sag (1994). Plural Comitative Constructions (PCCs) have previously been treated in terms of coordination, complementation and adjunction. The objective of this paper is to show that PCCs are neither instances of typical coordinate structures nor of typical complement or adjunct structures. It thus appears difficult to properly describe them by means of the standard principles of syntax and semantics. The analysis proposed in this paper accounts for the syntactic and semantic properties of PCCs in Polish by assuming an adjunction-based syntactic structure for PCCs, and by treating the indexical information provided by PCCs not as subject to any inheritance or composition, but as a result of applying a set of principles on number, gender and person resolution that also hold for ordinary coordinate structures."
] | ddc:490 | [
"Polnisch",
"Komitativ <Kasus>"
] | [
"bllo:bll-13307384X",
"bllo:bll-133124703",
"bllo:bll-133073416",
"bllo:Adjunct",
"bllo:Plural",
"bllo:bll-133073408",
"bllo:bll-133074161",
"bllo:bll-13311094X",
"bllo:Composition",
"bllo:PersonFeature",
"bllo:bll-13307448X",
"bllo:bll-133118894",
"bllo:Adjunction"
] | [
[
"Syntax",
"Syntax"
],
[
"Subject",
"Subjekt"
],
[
"Gender",
"Genus"
],
[
"Adjunct",
"Adjunkt"
],
[
"Plural",
"Plural"
],
[
"Number",
"Numerus"
],
[
"Coordination",
"Parataxe"
],
[
"Comitative",
"Komitativ"
],
[
"Composition",
"Komposition"
],
[
"Person feature",
"Person"
],
[
"Semantics",
"Semantik"
],
[
"Polish",
"Polnisch"
],
[
"Adjunction",
"Adjunktion"
]
] | [
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"SyntacticRole",
"SyntacticFeature",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"SyntacticRole",
"SyntacticFeature",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"NumberFeature",
"AgreementFeature",
"MorphosyntacticFeature",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"InterclausalRelation",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"AmbiguouslyDefinedConcept"
],
[
"bll-133074846",
"MorphologicalProcess",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"AgreementFeature",
"MorphosyntacticFeature",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"WestSlavic",
"bll-133122794",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"SyntacticConstruction",
"SyntacticCategory",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Syntactic role",
"Syntaktische Rolle"
],
[
"Syntactic feature",
"Syntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Syntactic role",
"Syntaktische Rolle"
],
[
"Syntactic feature",
"Syntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Number feature",
"Numerus"
],
[
"Agreement feature",
"Kongruenz"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic feature",
"Morphosyntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Interclausal relation",
"Satzverknüpfung"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Ambiguously defined concept",
"Mehrdeutig definiertes Konzept"
]
],
[
[
"Word formation",
"Wortbildung"
],
[
"Morphological process",
"Morphologischer Prozess"
],
[
"Morphological phenomenon",
"Morphologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Agreement feature",
"Kongruenz"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic feature",
"Morphosyntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"West Slavic",
"Westslawisch"
],
[
"Slavic languages",
"Slawische Sprachen"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Syntactic construction",
"Syntaktische Konstruktion"
],
[
"Syntactic category",
"Syntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"AmbiguouslyDefinedConcept",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Plural Comitative Constructions in Polish
### Abstract:
This paper provides a treatment of Polish Plural Comitative Constructions in the paradigm of HPSG in the tradition of Pollard and Sag (1994). Plural Comitative Constructions (PCCs) have previously been treated in terms of coordination, complementation and adjunction. The objective of this paper is to show that PCCs are neither instances of typical coordinate structures nor of typical complement or adjunct structures. It thus appears difficult to properly describe them by means of the standard principles of syntax and semantics. The analysis proposed in this paper accounts for the syntactic and semantic properties of PCCs in Polish by assuming an adjunction-based syntactic structure for PCCs, and by treating the indexical information provided by PCCs not as subject to any inheritance or composition, but as a result of applying a set of principles on number, gender and person resolution that also hold for ordinary coordinate structures.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-13307384X', 'bllo:bll-133124703', 'bllo:bll-133073416', 'bllo:Adjunct', 'bllo:Plural', 'bllo:bll-133073408', 'bllo:bll-133074161', 'bllo:bll-13311094X', 'bllo:Composition', 'bllo:PersonFeature', 'bllo:bll-13307448X', 'bllo:bll-133118894', 'bllo:Adjunction']
### BLL class (en):
['Syntax', 'Subject', 'Gender', 'Adjunct', 'Plural', 'Number', 'Coordination', 'Comitative', 'Composition', 'Person feature', 'Semantics', 'Polish', 'Adjunction']
### BLL class (de):
['Syntax', 'Subjekt', 'Genus', 'Adjunkt', 'Plural', 'Numerus', 'Parataxe', 'Komitativ', 'Komposition', 'Person', 'Semantik', 'Polnisch', 'Adjunktion']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['ResearchTopic', 'OtherLinguisticTerm'], ['SyntacticRole', 'SyntacticFeature', 'SyntacticPhenomenon'], ['SyntacticRole', 'SyntacticFeature', 'SyntacticPhenomenon'], ['NumberFeature', 'AgreementFeature', 'MorphosyntacticFeature', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon'], ['InterclausalRelation', 'SyntacticPhenomenon'], ['AmbiguouslyDefinedConcept'], ['bll-133074846', 'MorphologicalProcess', 'MorphologicalPhenomenon'], ['AgreementFeature', 'MorphosyntacticFeature', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon'], ['ResearchTopic', 'OtherLinguisticTerm'], ['WestSlavic', 'bll-133122794', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['SyntacticConstruction', 'SyntacticCategory', 'SyntacticPhenomenon']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Research topic', 'Other linguistic term']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Forschungsthema', 'Anderer linguistischer Begriff']
### BLL top node:
['OtherLinguisticTerm', 'SyntacticPhenomenon', 'SyntacticPhenomenon', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'SyntacticPhenomenon', 'AmbiguouslyDefinedConcept', 'MorphologicalPhenomenon', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'OtherLinguisticTerm', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'SyntacticPhenomenon']
### DDC ID:
ddc:490
### Other subjects:
['Polnisch', 'Komitativ <Kasus>']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
5809 | Preposition-Pronoun Contraction in Polish | eng | doc-type:conferenceObject | [
"This paper provides a lexicalist formal description of preposition-pronoun contraction (PPC) in Polish, using the theoretical framework of HPSG. Considering the behaviour of PPC with respect to the prosodic, categorial, syntactic and semantic properties, the assumption can be made that each PPC is a morphological unit with prepositional status. The crucial difference between a PPC and a typical preposition consists, besides the phonological form, in the valence properties. While a typical preposition realizes its complement externally via general constraints on phrase structure, the realization of a PPC argument is effected internally by virtue of its lexical entry. Here, we will provide the appropriate implicational lexical constraints that license both typical Ps and PPCs."
] | ddc:490 | [
"Head-driven phrase structure grammar",
"Polnisch"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133119092",
"bllo:Phrase",
"bllo:TheoreticalFramework",
"bllo:bll-133076032",
"bllo:bll-133111423",
"bllo:bll-13307448X",
"bllo:bll-133118894",
"bllo:bll-195090896"
] | [
[
"Preposition",
"Präposition"
],
[
"Phrase",
"Phrase"
],
[
"Theoretical framework",
"Theoretischer Ansatz"
],
[
"Virtue",
"Tugend"
],
[
"Contraction",
"Kontraktion"
],
[
"Semantics",
"Semantik"
],
[
"Polish",
"Polnisch"
],
[
"Shape",
"Form"
]
] | [
[
"Adposition",
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"Constituent",
"SyntacticCategory",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"Residual",
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"WestSlavic",
"bll-133122794",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Adposition",
"Adposition"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Constituent",
"Konstituente"
],
[
"Syntactic category",
"Syntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Residual",
"Restkategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"West Slavic",
"Westslawisch"
],
[
"Slavic languages",
"Slawische Sprachen"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Preposition-Pronoun Contraction in Polish
### Abstract:
This paper provides a lexicalist formal description of preposition-pronoun contraction (PPC) in Polish, using the theoretical framework of HPSG. Considering the behaviour of PPC with respect to the prosodic, categorial, syntactic and semantic properties, the assumption can be made that each PPC is a morphological unit with prepositional status. The crucial difference between a PPC and a typical preposition consists, besides the phonological form, in the valence properties. While a typical preposition realizes its complement externally via general constraints on phrase structure, the realization of a PPC argument is effected internally by virtue of its lexical entry. Here, we will provide the appropriate implicational lexical constraints that license both typical Ps and PPCs.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-133119092', 'bllo:Phrase', 'bllo:TheoreticalFramework', 'bllo:bll-133076032', 'bllo:bll-133111423', 'bllo:bll-13307448X', 'bllo:bll-133118894', 'bllo:bll-195090896']
### BLL class (en):
['Preposition', 'Phrase', 'Theoretical framework', 'Virtue', 'Contraction', 'Semantics', 'Polish', 'Shape']
### BLL class (de):
['Präposition', 'Phrase', 'Theoretischer Ansatz', 'Tugend', 'Kontraktion', 'Semantik', 'Polnisch', 'Form']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['Adposition', 'MorphosyntacticCategory', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon'], ['Constituent', 'SyntacticCategory', 'SyntacticPhenomenon'], ['OtherLinguisticTerm'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['Residual', 'MorphosyntacticCategory', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon'], ['ResearchTopic', 'OtherLinguisticTerm'], ['WestSlavic', 'bll-133122794', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Adposition', 'Morphosyntactic category', 'Morphosyntactic phenomenon']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Adposition', 'Morphosyntaktische Kategorie', 'Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen']
### BLL top node:
['MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'SyntacticPhenomenon', 'OtherLinguisticTerm', 'LexicalPhenomenon', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'OtherLinguisticTerm', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'LexicalPhenomenon']
### DDC ID:
ddc:490
### Other subjects:
['Head-driven phrase structure grammar', 'Polnisch']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
5966 | Standarddeutsch - die beste aller möglichen Sprachen | deu | doc-type:bookPart | [
"Ende des 18. Jahrhunderts ist eine Form der deutschen Sprache ausgebildet und verbreitet, die für die verschiedenartigen Anforderungen einer bürgerlich geprägten öffentlichen Diskurswelt brauchbar ist. Sie lässt sich in einem historischen Konzept „Standardsprache“ deuten. In diesem Konzept werden verschiedene Ausgleichs- und Differenzierungsbemühungen – und -richtungen – des 17. Jahrhunderts aufgehoben, die entwickelten Möglichkeiten neu funktionalisiert. Von dieser Basis aus gesehen ist in der Gegenwart die kommunikative Praxis mit Anspruch auf öffentliche Geltung stark von Variation geprägt. Durch die dabei auftretenden Muster wird allmählich ein Modell kontextbezogener Variabilität etabliert, bei dem so etwas wie „Standard“ in einer Bandbreite von Konstellationen der Interaktion, sprachlichen Modellen und Ausdrucksweisen besteht. Um dieses normative Gefüge modellieren zu können, muss man, wie beispielhaft angedeutet wird, zunächst die Tatbestande und Bedingungen der Varianten genau untersuchen."
] | ddc:439 | [
"Deutsch",
"Standardsprache",
"Sprachvariante"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133072878",
"bllo:bll-133102203",
"bllo:bll-195090896",
"bllo:bll-133101037"
] | [
[
"Allophone",
"Varianten"
],
[
"Man",
"Mann"
],
[
"Shape",
"Form"
],
[
"Concept",
"Konzept"
]
] | [
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Standarddeutsch - die beste aller möglichen Sprachen
### Abstract:
Ende des 18. Jahrhunderts ist eine Form der deutschen Sprache ausgebildet und verbreitet, die für die verschiedenartigen Anforderungen einer bürgerlich geprägten öffentlichen Diskurswelt brauchbar ist. Sie lässt sich in einem historischen Konzept „Standardsprache“ deuten. In diesem Konzept werden verschiedene Ausgleichs- und Differenzierungsbemühungen – und -richtungen – des 17. Jahrhunderts aufgehoben, die entwickelten Möglichkeiten neu funktionalisiert. Von dieser Basis aus gesehen ist in der Gegenwart die kommunikative Praxis mit Anspruch auf öffentliche Geltung stark von Variation geprägt. Durch die dabei auftretenden Muster wird allmählich ein Modell kontextbezogener Variabilität etabliert, bei dem so etwas wie „Standard“ in einer Bandbreite von Konstellationen der Interaktion, sprachlichen Modellen und Ausdrucksweisen besteht. Um dieses normative Gefüge modellieren zu können, muss man, wie beispielhaft angedeutet wird, zunächst die Tatbestande und Bedingungen der Varianten genau untersuchen.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-133072878', 'bllo:bll-133102203', 'bllo:bll-195090896', 'bllo:bll-133101037']
### BLL class (en):
['Allophone', 'Man', 'Shape', 'Concept']
### BLL class (de):
['Varianten', 'Mann', 'Form', 'Konzept']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Lexical field', 'Lexical phenomenon']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Wortfeld', 'Lexikalisches Phänomen']
### BLL top node:
['LexicalPhenomenon', 'LexicalPhenomenon', 'LexicalPhenomenon']
### DDC ID:
ddc:439
### Other subjects:
['Deutsch', 'Standardsprache', 'Sprachvariante']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
5967 | Perspektiven auf syntaktische Variation | deu | doc-type:bookPart | [
"In diesem Beitrag werden zunächst zwei Perspektiven auf sprachliche Variabilität diskutiert: Im Fokus stehen zum einen die Variation der Form und zum anderen die Variation der Funktion. Im Anschluss daran werden im Bereich der formalen Variation zwei Fälle eingehender untersucht: die Acl-Konstruktion mit ihren Kovarianten und die Relativsatzeinleitung mittels das oder was. Dabei wird der zuvor modellhaft entworfene methodische Rahmen auf die differenzierte Praxis linguistischer Forschung angewendet und das heuristische Potenzial des Prinzips der „Variationsreduktion“ genauer illustriert."
] | ddc:439 | [
"Deutsch",
"Sprachvariante",
"Syntax"
] | [
"bllo:bll-195090896",
"bllo:Focus"
] | [
[
"Shape",
"Form"
],
[
"Focus",
"Fokus"
]
] | [
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"PragmaticUnit",
"DiscoursePhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Pragmatic unit",
"Pragmatische Einheit"
],
[
"Discourse phenomenon",
"Diskursphänomen"
]
]
] | [
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"DiscoursePhenomenon"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Perspektiven auf syntaktische Variation
### Abstract:
In diesem Beitrag werden zunächst zwei Perspektiven auf sprachliche Variabilität diskutiert: Im Fokus stehen zum einen die Variation der Form und zum anderen die Variation der Funktion. Im Anschluss daran werden im Bereich der formalen Variation zwei Fälle eingehender untersucht: die Acl-Konstruktion mit ihren Kovarianten und die Relativsatzeinleitung mittels das oder was. Dabei wird der zuvor modellhaft entworfene methodische Rahmen auf die differenzierte Praxis linguistischer Forschung angewendet und das heuristische Potenzial des Prinzips der „Variationsreduktion“ genauer illustriert.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-195090896', 'bllo:Focus']
### BLL class (en):
['Shape', 'Focus']
### BLL class (de):
['Form', 'Fokus']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['PragmaticUnit', 'DiscoursePhenomenon']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Lexical field', 'Lexical phenomenon']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Wortfeld', 'Lexikalisches Phänomen']
### BLL top node:
['LexicalPhenomenon', 'DiscoursePhenomenon']
### DDC ID:
ddc:439
### Other subjects:
['Deutsch', 'Sprachvariante', 'Syntax']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
5968 | Möglichkeiten der Erforschung grammatischer Variation mithilfe von KorAP | deu | doc-type:bookPart | [
"KorAP, die neue Korpusanalyseplattform des IDS, die COSMAS II im Laufe der kommenden 2–3 Jahre ablösen wird, bietet gerade zur Erforschung grammatischer Variation einige besondere Funktionalitäten. Grundlegend ist beispielsweise, dass KorAP die Repräsentation und Abfrage beliebiger und beliebig vieler Annotationsschichten, zum Beispiel zu Konstituenz- und Dependenzrelationen, unterstutzt und damit die Suche nach speziellen grammatischen Phänomenen erleichtert oder erst möglich macht. Darüber hinaus unterstutzt KorAP die Konstruktion virtueller Korpora anhand von Metadatenvariablen und erleichtert damit kontrastive Untersuchungen. Der vorliegende Artikel erläutert die für die grammatische Variationsforschung relevanten KorAP-Funktionalitäten im Einzelnen und gibt einen Einblick in ihre Grundlagen."
] | ddc:439 | [
"Korpus <Linguistik>",
"Grammatik"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133078108"
] | [
[
"Article",
"Artikel"
]
] | [
[
"bll-133089118",
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Determiner",
"Determiner"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Möglichkeiten der Erforschung grammatischer Variation mithilfe von KorAP
### Abstract:
KorAP, die neue Korpusanalyseplattform des IDS, die COSMAS II im Laufe der kommenden 2–3 Jahre ablösen wird, bietet gerade zur Erforschung grammatischer Variation einige besondere Funktionalitäten. Grundlegend ist beispielsweise, dass KorAP die Repräsentation und Abfrage beliebiger und beliebig vieler Annotationsschichten, zum Beispiel zu Konstituenz- und Dependenzrelationen, unterstutzt und damit die Suche nach speziellen grammatischen Phänomenen erleichtert oder erst möglich macht. Darüber hinaus unterstutzt KorAP die Konstruktion virtueller Korpora anhand von Metadatenvariablen und erleichtert damit kontrastive Untersuchungen. Der vorliegende Artikel erläutert die für die grammatische Variationsforschung relevanten KorAP-Funktionalitäten im Einzelnen und gibt einen Einblick in ihre Grundlagen.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-133078108']
### BLL class (en):
['Article']
### BLL class (de):
['Artikel']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['bll-133089118', 'MorphosyntacticCategory', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Determiner', 'Morphosyntactic category', 'Morphosyntactic phenomenon']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Determiner', 'Morphosyntaktische Kategorie', 'Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen']
### BLL top node:
['MorphosyntacticPhenomenon']
### DDC ID:
ddc:439
### Other subjects:
['Korpus <Linguistik>', 'Grammatik']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
6038 | Die Raumadverbien hier, da und dort und ihre Entsprechungen im brasilianischen Portugiesisch | deu | doc-type:bookPart | [
"Este artigo trata dos advérbios dêiticos hier, da e dort, no Alemão, e dos seus correspondentes aqui, aí, ali, cá, lá e acolá, no Português. Após al-guns comentários gerais acerca da codificação linguística de informações sobre o espaço, discutem-se principalmente duas questões: (1) a relação entre os advérbios dêiticos e os papéis comunicativos da Ia, 2a e 3a pessoas, e (2) os significados lexicais dos advérbios, formulados em termos de relações de distância e proximidade.\r\nA análise semântica baseia-se nas relações entre o objeto situado e um objeto de referência, por um lado, e entre o objeto de referência e o falante/observa- dor, pelo outro. Ela leva à conclusão de que os sistemas dos advérbios dêiticos das duas línguas possuem estruturas semânticas bastante distintas. Entre hier e aqui há uma equivalência relativamente forte, enquanto da e dort apresentam características bastante diferentes de aí, ali, lá e acolá."
] | ddc:430 | [
"Lokaladverb",
"Portugiesisch",
"Deutsch",
"Kontrastive Linguistik",
"ddc:460"
] | [] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Die Raumadverbien hier, da und dort und ihre Entsprechungen im brasilianischen Portugiesisch
### Abstract:
Este artigo trata dos advérbios dêiticos hier, da e dort, no Alemão, e dos seus correspondentes aqui, aí, ali, cá, lá e acolá, no Português. Após al-guns comentários gerais acerca da codificação linguística de informações sobre o espaço, discutem-se principalmente duas questões: (1) a relação entre os advérbios dêiticos e os papéis comunicativos da Ia, 2a e 3a pessoas, e (2) os significados lexicais dos advérbios, formulados em termos de relações de distância e proximidade.
A análise semântica baseia-se nas relações entre o objeto situado e um objeto de referência, por um lado, e entre o objeto de referência e o falante/observa- dor, pelo outro. Ela leva à conclusão de que os sistemas dos advérbios dêiticos das duas línguas possuem estruturas semânticas bastante distintas. Entre hier e aqui há uma equivalência relativamente forte, enquanto da e dort apresentam características bastante diferentes de aí, ali, lá e acolá.
### BLL class ID:
[]
### BLL class (en):
[]
### BLL class (de):
[]
### BLL superclass ID:
[]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
[]
### BLL superclass literals (de):
[]
### BLL top node:
[]
### DDC ID:
ddc:430
### Other subjects:
['Lokaladverb', 'Portugiesisch', 'Deutsch', 'Kontrastive Linguistik', 'ddc:460']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
604 | The participant perspective : interactional-linguistic work on the phonetics of talk-in-interaction. Presentation at the panel "Methods of analyzing spoken English" | eng | doc-type:article | [
"This paper presents the concept of the \"participant perspective\" as an approach to the study of spoken language. It discusses three aspects of this concept and shows that they can offer helpful tools in spoken language research. Employing the participant perspective provides us with an alternative to many of the approaches currently in use in the study of spoken language in that it favours small-scale, qualitative research that aims to uncover categories relevant for the participants. Its results can usefully complement large-scale studies of phenomena on all linguistic dimensions of talk."
] | ddc:420 | [
"Englisch",
"Gesprochene Sprache",
"Prosodie",
"Interaktion",
"Deutsch",
"ddc:430"
] | [
"bllo:Spoken",
"bllo:bll-133101037",
"bllo:bll-133098915"
] | [
[
"Spoken language",
"Gesprochene Sprache"
],
[
"Concept",
"Konzept"
],
[
"Tools",
"Werkzeuge"
]
] | [
[
"ModalityTypeFeature",
"LanguageResourceFeature",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
The participant perspective : interactional-linguistic work on the phonetics of talk-in-interaction. Presentation at the panel "Methods of analyzing spoken English"
### Abstract:
This paper presents the concept of the "participant perspective" as an approach to the study of spoken language. It discusses three aspects of this concept and shows that they can offer helpful tools in spoken language research. Employing the participant perspective provides us with an alternative to many of the approaches currently in use in the study of spoken language in that it favours small-scale, qualitative research that aims to uncover categories relevant for the participants. Its results can usefully complement large-scale studies of phenomena on all linguistic dimensions of talk.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:Spoken', 'bllo:bll-133101037', 'bllo:bll-133098915']
### BLL class (en):
['Spoken language', 'Concept', 'Tools']
### BLL class (de):
['Gesprochene Sprache', 'Konzept', 'Werkzeuge']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['ModalityTypeFeature', 'LanguageResourceFeature', 'LanguageResourceInformation'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Lexical field', 'Lexical phenomenon']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Wortfeld', 'Lexikalisches Phänomen']
### BLL top node:
['LanguageResourceInformation', 'LexicalPhenomenon', 'LexicalPhenomenon']
### DDC ID:
ddc:420
### Other subjects:
['Englisch', 'Gesprochene Sprache', 'Prosodie', 'Interaktion', 'Deutsch', 'ddc:430']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
6048 | Zur Verwendung einiger Transportverben im Deutschen und im brasilianischen Portugiesisch | deu | doc-type:article | [
"This article summarizes results of an empirical study on the use of so called verbs of transportation in German and Brazilian Portuguese. Such verbs constantly cause dijficulties and mistakes in the language production of non-native Speakers. The paper presentsfour observations on the grammar (verb prefixes, prepositions), semantics (places and paths) and pragmatics (deixis) of verbs of transportation in the two languages. It leads to the conclusion that Brazilian learners tend to have more dijficulties with the morphology and syntax of German transportation verbs, whereas German learners tend to have more dijficulties with the pragmatics of the corresponding verbs in Brazilian Portuguese. Dijficulties with the specification of places and paths can be observed in both directions, but they lead to unidiomatic usage rather than to outright mistakes."
] | ddc:430 | [
"Kontrastive Linguistik",
"Portugiesisch",
"Semantik",
"Pragmatik",
"Deutsch",
"ddc:460"
] | [
"bllo:Grammar",
"bllo:bll-13307384X",
"bllo:bll-133070158",
"bllo:bll-133078108",
"bllo:bll-133127125",
"bllo:bll-133071049",
"bllo:bll-133073351",
"bllo:bll-133098893",
"bllo:bll-13307448X",
"bllo:bll-133070867"
] | [
[
"Grammar",
"Grammatik"
],
[
"Syntax",
"Syntax"
],
[
"German",
"Deutsch"
],
[
"Article",
"Artikel"
],
[
"Verb",
"Verb"
],
[
"Brazilian",
"Brasilianisch"
],
[
"Morphology",
"Morphologie"
],
[
"Mossi",
"More"
],
[
"Semantics",
"Semantik"
],
[
"Portuguese",
"Portugiesisch"
]
] | [
[
"LanguageDescription",
"LanguageResourceType",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"bll-133089118",
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133070867",
"bll-133070549",
"bll-133096246",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"Oti-Volta",
"NorthernGur",
"CentralGur",
"bll-133102556",
"bll-133076199",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"bll-133070549",
"bll-133096246",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
]
] | [
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Determiner",
"Determiner"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Portuguese",
"Portugiesisch"
],
[
"Romance",
"Romanisch"
],
[
"Italic languages",
"Italische Sprachen"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Oti-Volta",
"Oti-Volta"
],
[
"Northern Gur",
"Nord-Gur"
],
[
"Central Gur",
"Zentral-Gur"
],
[
"Gur",
"Gur-Sprachen"
],
[
"Niger-Congo languages",
"Niger-Kongo-Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Romance",
"Romanisch"
],
[
"Italic languages",
"Italische Sprachen"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Zur Verwendung einiger Transportverben im Deutschen und im brasilianischen Portugiesisch
### Abstract:
This article summarizes results of an empirical study on the use of so called verbs of transportation in German and Brazilian Portuguese. Such verbs constantly cause dijficulties and mistakes in the language production of non-native Speakers. The paper presentsfour observations on the grammar (verb prefixes, prepositions), semantics (places and paths) and pragmatics (deixis) of verbs of transportation in the two languages. It leads to the conclusion that Brazilian learners tend to have more dijficulties with the morphology and syntax of German transportation verbs, whereas German learners tend to have more dijficulties with the pragmatics of the corresponding verbs in Brazilian Portuguese. Dijficulties with the specification of places and paths can be observed in both directions, but they lead to unidiomatic usage rather than to outright mistakes.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:Grammar', 'bllo:bll-13307384X', 'bllo:bll-133070158', 'bllo:bll-133078108', 'bllo:bll-133127125', 'bllo:bll-133071049', 'bllo:bll-133073351', 'bllo:bll-133098893', 'bllo:bll-13307448X', 'bllo:bll-133070867']
### BLL class (en):
['Grammar', 'Syntax', 'German', 'Article', 'Verb', 'Brazilian', 'Morphology', 'Mossi', 'Semantics', 'Portuguese']
### BLL class (de):
['Grammatik', 'Syntax', 'Deutsch', 'Artikel', 'Verb', 'Brasilianisch', 'Morphologie', 'More', 'Semantik', 'Portugiesisch']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['LanguageDescription', 'LanguageResourceType', 'LanguageResourceInformation'], ['ResearchTopic', 'OtherLinguisticTerm'], ['WestGermanic', 'bll-133070166', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['bll-133089118', 'MorphosyntacticCategory', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon'], ['MorphosyntacticCategory', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon'], ['bll-133070867', 'bll-133070549', 'bll-133096246', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['ResearchTopic', 'OtherLinguisticTerm'], ['Oti-Volta', 'NorthernGur', 'CentralGur', 'bll-133102556', 'bll-133076199', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['ResearchTopic', 'OtherLinguisticTerm'], ['bll-133070549', 'bll-133096246', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Research topic', 'Other linguistic term']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Forschungsthema', 'Anderer linguistischer Begriff']
### BLL top node:
['LanguageResourceInformation', 'OtherLinguisticTerm', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'OtherLinguisticTerm', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'OtherLinguisticTerm', 'LanguageRelatedTerm']
### DDC ID:
ddc:430
### Other subjects:
['Kontrastive Linguistik', 'Portugiesisch', 'Semantik', 'Pragmatik', 'Deutsch', 'ddc:460']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
6054 | Contabilidade de substantivos no português do Brasil | por | doc-type:article | [
"Following the tradition of English grammar, some authors have distinguished between count and non-count nouns in Portuguese. The present paper resumes this discussion and develops the hypothesis that contemporary Brazilian Portuguese does not have count nouns, but only non-count nouns and nouns that are neutral in relation to countability."
] | ddc:460 | [
"Substantiv",
"Portugiesisch"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133070867",
"bllo:Grammar",
"bllo:bll-133071049",
"bllo:bll-133070409"
] | [
[
"Portuguese",
"Portugiesisch"
],
[
"Grammar",
"Grammatik"
],
[
"Brazilian",
"Brasilianisch"
],
[
"English",
"Englisch"
]
] | [
[
"bll-133070549",
"bll-133096246",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"LanguageDescription",
"LanguageResourceType",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"bll-133070867",
"bll-133070549",
"bll-133096246",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
]
] | [
[
[
"Romance",
"Romanisch"
],
[
"Italic languages",
"Italische Sprachen"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Portuguese",
"Portugiesisch"
],
[
"Romance",
"Romanisch"
],
[
"Italic languages",
"Italische Sprachen"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Contabilidade de substantivos no português do Brasil
### Abstract:
Following the tradition of English grammar, some authors have distinguished between count and non-count nouns in Portuguese. The present paper resumes this discussion and develops the hypothesis that contemporary Brazilian Portuguese does not have count nouns, but only non-count nouns and nouns that are neutral in relation to countability.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-133070867', 'bllo:Grammar', 'bllo:bll-133071049', 'bllo:bll-133070409']
### BLL class (en):
['Portuguese', 'Grammar', 'Brazilian', 'English']
### BLL class (de):
['Portugiesisch', 'Grammatik', 'Brasilianisch', 'Englisch']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['bll-133070549', 'bll-133096246', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['LanguageDescription', 'LanguageResourceType', 'LanguageResourceInformation'], ['bll-133070867', 'bll-133070549', 'bll-133096246', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['WestGermanic', 'bll-133070166', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Romance', 'Italic languages', 'Indo-European languages', 'Language-related term']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Romanisch', 'Italische Sprachen', 'Indoeuropäische Sprachen', 'Sprachbezeichner']
### BLL top node:
['LanguageRelatedTerm', 'LanguageResourceInformation', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'LanguageRelatedTerm']
### DDC ID:
ddc:460
### Other subjects:
['Substantiv', 'Portugiesisch']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
6055 | Observações sobre o uso de totalizadores nominais no alemão e no português do Brasil | por | doc-type:article | [
"Der vorliegende Aufsatz behandelt ausgewählte morphologische, syntaktische, semantische und pragmatische Eigenschaften von Nominaltotalisatoren im Deutschen und im brasilianischen Portugiesisch. Im einzelnen werden die Elemente todo, cada, ambos und os dois sowie alle, jeder, der ganze und beide behandelt. Hinsichtlich ihrer Morphologie wird die Bildung von Genus-, Numerus- und Kasusformen beschrieben. Im Bereich der Syntax geht es um die Stellung der Totalisatoren in der Nominalphrase, ihre Beziehungen zu Determinantien und Quantoren und um die funktionale Verteilung von Deklinationstypen. Im Bereich der Semantik und Pragmatik geht es um die Kodierung referentieller und quantifikationaler Information, um Definitheit und um kumulative vs. distributive Totalisierung. Das Erkenntnisinteresse wird durch den Vergleich zwischen dem Deutschen und dem brasilianichen Portugiesisch bestimmt, wobei auf typische Fehler von Sprachlernern in beiden Richtungen eingegangen wird.",
"The present paper deals with selected morphological, syntactic, semantic and pragmatic characteristics of nominal totalizers in German and in Brazilian Portuguese. In particular, it analyzes the elements todo, cada, ambos and os dois, as well as alle Jeder, der ganze and beide. In terms of morphology, it describes the formation of gender, number and case forms. In the field of syntax, it focuses on the position of totalizers in the nominal phrase, their relations to determiners and quantifiers, and the functional distribution of declension types. In terms of semantics and pragmatics, it investigates the codification of referential and quantificational information, definiteness and cumulative v distributive totalization. The epistemological interest is defined by the objectives of linguistic comparison between German and Brazilian Portuguese, including the analysis of typical errors committed by language learners in both directions."
] | ddc:430 | [
"Kontrastive Linguistik",
"Portugiesisch",
"Deutsch",
"Nominalphrase",
"ddc:460"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133070867",
"bllo:bll-13307384X",
"bllo:NounPhrase",
"bllo:Phrase",
"bllo:bll-133070158",
"bllo:bll-13307448X",
"bllo:bll-133073416",
"bllo:bll-133073351",
"bllo:Distribution",
"bllo:bll-133073564",
"bllo:bll-133071049",
"bllo:bll-133073394",
"bllo:bll-133073408",
"bllo:bll-133073351",
"bllo:bll-133073424",
"bllo:bll-13307448X",
"bllo:bll-133070867"
] | [
[
"Portuguese",
"Portugiesisch"
],
[
"Syntax",
"Syntax"
],
[
"Noun phrase",
"Nominalphrase"
],
[
"Phrase",
"Phrase"
],
[
"German",
"Deutsch"
],
[
"Semantics",
"Semantik"
],
[
"Gender",
"Genus"
],
[
"Morphology",
"Morphologie"
],
[
"Distribution",
"Distribution"
],
[
"Comparison",
"Komparation"
],
[
"Brazilian",
"Brasilianisch"
],
[
"Declension",
"Deklination"
],
[
"Number",
"Numerus"
],
[
"Morphology",
"Morphologie"
],
[
"Case",
"Kasus"
],
[
"Semantics",
"Semantik"
],
[
"Portuguese",
"Portugiesisch"
]
] | [
[
"bll-133070549",
"bll-133096246",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"Phrase",
"Constituent",
"SyntacticCategory",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"Constituent",
"SyntacticCategory",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"GeneralLinguisticNotion",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"bll-133070867",
"bll-133070549",
"bll-133096246",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"bll-133073386",
"MorphologicalProcess",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"CaseFeature",
"MorphosyntacticFeature",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"bll-133070549",
"bll-133096246",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
]
] | [
[
[
"Romance",
"Romanisch"
],
[
"Italic languages",
"Italische Sprachen"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Phrase",
"Phrase"
],
[
"Constituent",
"Konstituente"
],
[
"Syntactic category",
"Syntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Constituent",
"Konstituente"
],
[
"Syntactic category",
"Syntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"General linguistic notion",
"Allgemeinlinguistisches Konzept"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Portuguese",
"Portugiesisch"
],
[
"Romance",
"Romanisch"
],
[
"Italic languages",
"Italische Sprachen"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Inflection",
"Flexion"
],
[
"Morphological process",
"Morphologischer Prozess"
],
[
"Morphological phenomenon",
"Morphologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Case feature",
"Kasus"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic feature",
"Morphosyntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
],
[
"Morphological phenomenon",
"Morphologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Romance",
"Romanisch"
],
[
"Italic languages",
"Italische Sprachen"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Observações sobre o uso de totalizadores nominais no alemão e no português do Brasil
### Abstract:
Der vorliegende Aufsatz behandelt ausgewählte morphologische, syntaktische, semantische und pragmatische Eigenschaften von Nominaltotalisatoren im Deutschen und im brasilianischen Portugiesisch. Im einzelnen werden die Elemente todo, cada, ambos und os dois sowie alle, jeder, der ganze und beide behandelt. Hinsichtlich ihrer Morphologie wird die Bildung von Genus-, Numerus- und Kasusformen beschrieben. Im Bereich der Syntax geht es um die Stellung der Totalisatoren in der Nominalphrase, ihre Beziehungen zu Determinantien und Quantoren und um die funktionale Verteilung von Deklinationstypen. Im Bereich der Semantik und Pragmatik geht es um die Kodierung referentieller und quantifikationaler Information, um Definitheit und um kumulative vs. distributive Totalisierung. Das Erkenntnisinteresse wird durch den Vergleich zwischen dem Deutschen und dem brasilianichen Portugiesisch bestimmt, wobei auf typische Fehler von Sprachlernern in beiden Richtungen eingegangen wird. The present paper deals with selected morphological, syntactic, semantic and pragmatic characteristics of nominal totalizers in German and in Brazilian Portuguese. In particular, it analyzes the elements todo, cada, ambos and os dois, as well as alle Jeder, der ganze and beide. In terms of morphology, it describes the formation of gender, number and case forms. In the field of syntax, it focuses on the position of totalizers in the nominal phrase, their relations to determiners and quantifiers, and the functional distribution of declension types. In terms of semantics and pragmatics, it investigates the codification of referential and quantificational information, definiteness and cumulative v distributive totalization. The epistemological interest is defined by the objectives of linguistic comparison between German and Brazilian Portuguese, including the analysis of typical errors committed by language learners in both directions.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-133070867', 'bllo:bll-13307384X', 'bllo:NounPhrase', 'bllo:Phrase', 'bllo:bll-133070158', 'bllo:bll-13307448X', 'bllo:bll-133073416', 'bllo:bll-133073351', 'bllo:Distribution', 'bllo:bll-133073564', 'bllo:bll-133071049', 'bllo:bll-133073394', 'bllo:bll-133073408', 'bllo:bll-133073351', 'bllo:bll-133073424', 'bllo:bll-13307448X', 'bllo:bll-133070867']
### BLL class (en):
['Portuguese', 'Syntax', 'Noun phrase', 'Phrase', 'German', 'Semantics', 'Gender', 'Morphology', 'Distribution', 'Comparison', 'Brazilian', 'Declension', 'Number', 'Morphology', 'Case', 'Semantics', 'Portuguese']
### BLL class (de):
['Portugiesisch', 'Syntax', 'Nominalphrase', 'Phrase', 'Deutsch', 'Semantik', 'Genus', 'Morphologie', 'Distribution', 'Komparation', 'Brasilianisch', 'Deklination', 'Numerus', 'Morphologie', 'Kasus', 'Semantik', 'Portugiesisch']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['bll-133070549', 'bll-133096246', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['ResearchTopic', 'OtherLinguisticTerm'], ['Phrase', 'Constituent', 'SyntacticCategory', 'SyntacticPhenomenon'], ['Constituent', 'SyntacticCategory', 'SyntacticPhenomenon'], ['WestGermanic', 'bll-133070166', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['ResearchTopic', 'OtherLinguisticTerm'], ['ResearchTopic', 'OtherLinguisticTerm'], ['GeneralLinguisticNotion', 'OtherLinguisticTerm'], ['bll-133070867', 'bll-133070549', 'bll-133096246', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['bll-133073386', 'MorphologicalProcess', 'MorphologicalPhenomenon'], ['ResearchTopic', 'OtherLinguisticTerm'], ['CaseFeature', 'MorphosyntacticFeature', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'MorphologicalPhenomenon'], ['ResearchTopic', 'OtherLinguisticTerm'], ['bll-133070549', 'bll-133096246', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Romance', 'Italic languages', 'Indo-European languages', 'Language-related term']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Romanisch', 'Italische Sprachen', 'Indoeuropäische Sprachen', 'Sprachbezeichner']
### BLL top node:
['LanguageRelatedTerm', 'OtherLinguisticTerm', 'SyntacticPhenomenon', 'SyntacticPhenomenon', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'OtherLinguisticTerm', 'OtherLinguisticTerm', 'OtherLinguisticTerm', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'MorphologicalPhenomenon', 'OtherLinguisticTerm', 'MorphologicalPhenomenon', 'OtherLinguisticTerm', 'LanguageRelatedTerm']
### DDC ID:
ddc:430
### Other subjects:
['Kontrastive Linguistik', 'Portugiesisch', 'Deutsch', 'Nominalphrase', 'ddc:460']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
6056 | Lexicalização e deslexicalização. Observações sobre a erosão da língua exemplificadas no alemão e no português do Brasil | por | doc-type:article | [
"The present paper deals with grammaticalization as a comprehensive model of erosive processes in the history of natural languages, exemplified in German and Brazilian Portuguese. Grammaticalization is conceived of as the reduction of pragmatic versatility, semantic concreteness, syntactic liberty and phonetic substance of linguistic elements. It is subdivided into the processes of lexicalization, which transforms polylexematic into monolexematic elements, and deslexicalization, which reduces lexematic to sublexematic elements. In the middle of these processes stands the lexicon, which is seen as the central stock of linguistic elements. Within the lexicon, the process of grammaticalization continues, from lexical word classes through intermediate classes to grammatical word classes. The lower boundary of the lexicon is a critical threshold, down to which the process of grammaticalization is compensated for by linguistic recycling that leads lexematic elements back into the linguistic circuit, through the formation of new polylexematic units. Beyond this threshold, however, no recycling is possible any more, so that elements which have once lost their lexical character are condemned to disappear in the long run. The different stages of grammaticalization are introduced and illustrated by means of concrete examples, first from Brazilian Portuguese and afterwards from German.",
"Der vorliegende Aufsatz behandelt am Beispiel des Deutschen und des brasilianischen Portugiesisch den Prozeß der Grammatikalisierung als ein umfassendes Modell für erosive Vorgänge in der Geschichte natürlicher Sprachen. Grammatikalisierung wird vorgestellt als Abbau der pragmatischen Vielseitigkeit, semantischen Konkretheit, syntaktischen Freiheit und phonetischen Substanz von Sprachelementen. Ihr Gesamtgebiet wird zerlegt in den Prozeß der Lexikalisierung, der polylexematische Elemente in monolexematische überführt, und den der Delexikalisierung, der lexematische Elemente zu sublexematischen reduziert. Im Mittelpunkt dieser Vorgänge steht das Lexikon, das als der zentrale Elementvorrat der Sprache gesehen wird. Auch innerhalb des Lexikons setzt sich der Prozeß der Grammatikalisierung fort, von den lexikalischen Wortklassen über die Übergangsklassen zu den grammatischen Klassen. Die untere Grenze des Lexikons stellt eine kritische Schwelle dar, bis zu der dem Prozeß der Grammatikalisierung das sprachliche Recycling gegenübersteht, durch das lexematische Elemente über die Bildung neuer polylexematischer Einheiten in den Kreislauf zurückfließen. Unterhalb dieser Schwelle jedoch ist kein Recycling mehr möglich, so daß Elemente, die einmal den lexematischen Charakter verloren haben, auf die Dauer zum Verschwinden verurteilt sind. Die verschiedenen Etappen der Grammatikalisierung werden anhand konkreter Beispiele, zunächst aus dem brasilianischen Portugiesisch, anschließend aus dem Deutschen, vorgestellt und illustriert."
] | ddc:430 | [
"Komposition <Wortbildung>",
"Portugiesisch",
"Deutsch",
"Sprachgeschichte",
"Grammatikalisation",
"Etymologie",
"ddc:460"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133070867",
"bllo:bll-133072576",
"bllo:bll-133070158",
"bllo:bll-133071049",
"bllo:bll-133113639",
"bllo:bll-348227957",
"bllo:bll-133098893",
"bllo:bll-13307448X",
"bllo:bll-133070867",
"bllo:Word",
"bllo:bll-133113639",
"bllo:bll-133073629"
] | [
[
"Portuguese",
"Portugiesisch"
],
[
"Phonetics",
"Phonetik"
],
[
"German",
"Deutsch"
],
[
"Brazilian",
"Brasilianisch"
],
[
"Lexicon",
"Lexikon"
],
[
"Freedom",
"Freiheit"
],
[
"Mossi",
"More"
],
[
"Semantics",
"Semantik"
],
[
"Portuguese",
"Portugiesisch"
],
[
"Word",
"Wort"
],
[
"Lexicon",
"Lexikon"
],
[
"Word classes",
"Wortarten"
]
] | [
[
"bll-133070549",
"bll-133096246",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"bll-133070867",
"bll-133070549",
"bll-133096246",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"LexicalOrConceptualResource",
"LanguageResourceType",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"Oti-Volta",
"NorthernGur",
"CentralGur",
"bll-133102556",
"bll-133076199",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"bll-133070549",
"bll-133096246",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"LexicalCategory",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"LexicalOrConceptualResource",
"LanguageResourceType",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
]
] | [
[
[
"Romance",
"Romanisch"
],
[
"Italic languages",
"Italische Sprachen"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Portuguese",
"Portugiesisch"
],
[
"Romance",
"Romanisch"
],
[
"Italic languages",
"Italische Sprachen"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Oti-Volta",
"Oti-Volta"
],
[
"Northern Gur",
"Nord-Gur"
],
[
"Central Gur",
"Zentral-Gur"
],
[
"Gur",
"Gur-Sprachen"
],
[
"Niger-Congo languages",
"Niger-Kongo-Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Romance",
"Romanisch"
],
[
"Italic languages",
"Italische Sprachen"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical category",
"Lexikalische Kategorie"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Lexicalização e deslexicalização. Observações sobre a erosão da língua exemplificadas no alemão e no português do Brasil
### Abstract:
The present paper deals with grammaticalization as a comprehensive model of erosive processes in the history of natural languages, exemplified in German and Brazilian Portuguese. Grammaticalization is conceived of as the reduction of pragmatic versatility, semantic concreteness, syntactic liberty and phonetic substance of linguistic elements. It is subdivided into the processes of lexicalization, which transforms polylexematic into monolexematic elements, and deslexicalization, which reduces lexematic to sublexematic elements. In the middle of these processes stands the lexicon, which is seen as the central stock of linguistic elements. Within the lexicon, the process of grammaticalization continues, from lexical word classes through intermediate classes to grammatical word classes. The lower boundary of the lexicon is a critical threshold, down to which the process of grammaticalization is compensated for by linguistic recycling that leads lexematic elements back into the linguistic circuit, through the formation of new polylexematic units. Beyond this threshold, however, no recycling is possible any more, so that elements which have once lost their lexical character are condemned to disappear in the long run. The different stages of grammaticalization are introduced and illustrated by means of concrete examples, first from Brazilian Portuguese and afterwards from German. Der vorliegende Aufsatz behandelt am Beispiel des Deutschen und des brasilianischen Portugiesisch den Prozeß der Grammatikalisierung als ein umfassendes Modell für erosive Vorgänge in der Geschichte natürlicher Sprachen. Grammatikalisierung wird vorgestellt als Abbau der pragmatischen Vielseitigkeit, semantischen Konkretheit, syntaktischen Freiheit und phonetischen Substanz von Sprachelementen. Ihr Gesamtgebiet wird zerlegt in den Prozeß der Lexikalisierung, der polylexematische Elemente in monolexematische überführt, und den der Delexikalisierung, der lexematische Elemente zu sublexematischen reduziert. Im Mittelpunkt dieser Vorgänge steht das Lexikon, das als der zentrale Elementvorrat der Sprache gesehen wird. Auch innerhalb des Lexikons setzt sich der Prozeß der Grammatikalisierung fort, von den lexikalischen Wortklassen über die Übergangsklassen zu den grammatischen Klassen. Die untere Grenze des Lexikons stellt eine kritische Schwelle dar, bis zu der dem Prozeß der Grammatikalisierung das sprachliche Recycling gegenübersteht, durch das lexematische Elemente über die Bildung neuer polylexematischer Einheiten in den Kreislauf zurückfließen. Unterhalb dieser Schwelle jedoch ist kein Recycling mehr möglich, so daß Elemente, die einmal den lexematischen Charakter verloren haben, auf die Dauer zum Verschwinden verurteilt sind. Die verschiedenen Etappen der Grammatikalisierung werden anhand konkreter Beispiele, zunächst aus dem brasilianischen Portugiesisch, anschließend aus dem Deutschen, vorgestellt und illustriert.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-133070867', 'bllo:bll-133072576', 'bllo:bll-133070158', 'bllo:bll-133071049', 'bllo:bll-133113639', 'bllo:bll-348227957', 'bllo:bll-133098893', 'bllo:bll-13307448X', 'bllo:bll-133070867', 'bllo:Word', 'bllo:bll-133113639', 'bllo:bll-133073629']
### BLL class (en):
['Portuguese', 'Phonetics', 'German', 'Brazilian', 'Lexicon', 'Freedom', 'Mossi', 'Semantics', 'Portuguese', 'Word', 'Lexicon', 'Word classes']
### BLL class (de):
['Portugiesisch', 'Phonetik', 'Deutsch', 'Brasilianisch', 'Lexikon', 'Freiheit', 'More', 'Semantik', 'Portugiesisch', 'Wort', 'Lexikon', 'Wortarten']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['bll-133070549', 'bll-133096246', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['ResearchTopic', 'OtherLinguisticTerm'], ['WestGermanic', 'bll-133070166', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['bll-133070867', 'bll-133070549', 'bll-133096246', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['LexicalOrConceptualResource', 'LanguageResourceType', 'LanguageResourceInformation'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['Oti-Volta', 'NorthernGur', 'CentralGur', 'bll-133102556', 'bll-133076199', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['ResearchTopic', 'OtherLinguisticTerm'], ['bll-133070549', 'bll-133096246', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['LexicalCategory', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['LexicalOrConceptualResource', 'LanguageResourceType', 'LanguageResourceInformation']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Romance', 'Italic languages', 'Indo-European languages', 'Language-related term']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Romanisch', 'Italische Sprachen', 'Indoeuropäische Sprachen', 'Sprachbezeichner']
### BLL top node:
['LanguageRelatedTerm', 'OtherLinguisticTerm', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'LanguageResourceInformation', 'LexicalPhenomenon', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'OtherLinguisticTerm', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'LexicalPhenomenon', 'LanguageResourceInformation']
### DDC ID:
ddc:430
### Other subjects:
['Komposition <Wortbildung>', 'Portugiesisch', 'Deutsch', 'Sprachgeschichte', 'Grammatikalisation', 'Etymologie', 'ddc:460']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
6064 | Os verbos de transporte aprefixados com weg-. Una análise contrastiva de dados produzidos por informantes alemães e brasileiros | por | doc-type:article | [
"This paper examines four German transportation verbs with the prefix weg-, concentrating on their syntax and their semantic and pragmatic interpretations. The empirical data investigated are from a cross-linguistic corpus of German and Brazilian Portuguese as foreign languages. The analysis is based on the concept of focus, which is defined as a point on the path along which the patient of the process moves. The focus must be either mentioned or contextually evident. Each transportation verb will be able to establish a typical focus. German prefix-verbs with weg- are characterized by a focus-conflict that can be resolved through different interpretation strategies.",
"Der vorliegende Aufsatz untersucht vier deutsche Transport-verben mit dem Präfix weg- hinsichtlich ihrer Syntax sowie ihrer semantischen und pragmatischen Interpretationen. Die analysierten empirischen Daten stammen aus einem kontrastiven Korpus des Deutschen und des brasilianischen Portugiesisch als Fremdsprachen. Die Analyse gründet sich auf das Konzept des Fokus, der definiert wird als ein Punkt auf dem vom Patiens des Prozesses durchlaufenen Weg. Der Fokus muß entweder erwähnt werden oder kontextuell evident sein. Jedes Transportverb besitzt die Fähigkeit, einen typischen Fokus zu etablieren. Deutsche Präfixverben mit weg- sind durch einen Fokuskonflikt gekennzeichnet, der durch verschiedene Interpretationsstrategien aufgelöst werden kann."
] | ddc:430 | [
"Kontrastive Linguistik",
"Portugiesisch",
"Deutsch",
"Lexikologie",
"Thema-Rhema-Gliederung",
"Präfixverb",
"Präfix",
"ddc:460"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133073521",
"bllo:bll-13307384X",
"bllo:bll-133070867",
"bllo:bll-133070158",
"bllo:bll-133101037",
"bllo:bll-133127125",
"bllo:bll-133073521",
"bllo:Corpus",
"bllo:bll-133071049",
"bllo:Corpus",
"bllo:bll-133101037",
"bllo:Focus",
"bllo:bll-13307448X",
"bllo:Focus",
"bllo:bll-133070867",
"bllo:bll-133119661"
] | [
[
"Prefix",
"Präfix"
],
[
"Syntax",
"Syntax"
],
[
"Portuguese",
"Portugiesisch"
],
[
"German",
"Deutsch"
],
[
"Concept",
"Konzept"
],
[
"Verb",
"Verb"
],
[
"Prefix",
"Präfix"
],
[
"Corpus",
"Korpus"
],
[
"Brazilian",
"Brasilianisch"
],
[
"Corpus",
"Korpus"
],
[
"Concept",
"Konzept"
],
[
"Focus",
"Fokus"
],
[
"Semantics",
"Semantik"
],
[
"Focus",
"Fokus"
],
[
"Portuguese",
"Portugiesisch"
],
[
"Full stop",
"Punkt"
]
] | [
[
"bll-133073513",
"bll-133073378",
"MorphologicalCategory",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"bll-133070549",
"bll-133096246",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073513",
"bll-133073378",
"MorphologicalCategory",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"LanguageResourceType",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"bll-133070867",
"bll-133070549",
"bll-133096246",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"LanguageResourceType",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"PragmaticUnit",
"DiscoursePhenomenon"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"PragmaticUnit",
"DiscoursePhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133070549",
"bll-133096246",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"bll-133073319",
"GraphemicPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Affix",
"Affix"
],
[
"Morpheme",
"Morphem"
],
[
"Morphological category",
"Morphologische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphological phenomenon",
"Morphologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Romance",
"Romanisch"
],
[
"Italic languages",
"Italische Sprachen"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Affix",
"Affix"
],
[
"Morpheme",
"Morphem"
],
[
"Morphological category",
"Morphologische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphological phenomenon",
"Morphologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Portuguese",
"Portugiesisch"
],
[
"Romance",
"Romanisch"
],
[
"Italic languages",
"Italische Sprachen"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Pragmatic unit",
"Pragmatische Einheit"
],
[
"Discourse phenomenon",
"Diskursphänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Pragmatic unit",
"Pragmatische Einheit"
],
[
"Discourse phenomenon",
"Diskursphänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Romance",
"Romanisch"
],
[
"Italic languages",
"Italische Sprachen"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Punctuation",
"Zeichensetzung"
],
[
"Graphemic phenomenon",
"Graphemisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"MorphologicalPhenomenon",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"DiscoursePhenomenon",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"DiscoursePhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"GraphemicPhenomenon"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Os verbos de transporte aprefixados com weg-. Una análise contrastiva de dados produzidos por informantes alemães e brasileiros
### Abstract:
This paper examines four German transportation verbs with the prefix weg-, concentrating on their syntax and their semantic and pragmatic interpretations. The empirical data investigated are from a cross-linguistic corpus of German and Brazilian Portuguese as foreign languages. The analysis is based on the concept of focus, which is defined as a point on the path along which the patient of the process moves. The focus must be either mentioned or contextually evident. Each transportation verb will be able to establish a typical focus. German prefix-verbs with weg- are characterized by a focus-conflict that can be resolved through different interpretation strategies. Der vorliegende Aufsatz untersucht vier deutsche Transport-verben mit dem Präfix weg- hinsichtlich ihrer Syntax sowie ihrer semantischen und pragmatischen Interpretationen. Die analysierten empirischen Daten stammen aus einem kontrastiven Korpus des Deutschen und des brasilianischen Portugiesisch als Fremdsprachen. Die Analyse gründet sich auf das Konzept des Fokus, der definiert wird als ein Punkt auf dem vom Patiens des Prozesses durchlaufenen Weg. Der Fokus muß entweder erwähnt werden oder kontextuell evident sein. Jedes Transportverb besitzt die Fähigkeit, einen typischen Fokus zu etablieren. Deutsche Präfixverben mit weg- sind durch einen Fokuskonflikt gekennzeichnet, der durch verschiedene Interpretationsstrategien aufgelöst werden kann.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-133073521', 'bllo:bll-13307384X', 'bllo:bll-133070867', 'bllo:bll-133070158', 'bllo:bll-133101037', 'bllo:bll-133127125', 'bllo:bll-133073521', 'bllo:Corpus', 'bllo:bll-133071049', 'bllo:Corpus', 'bllo:bll-133101037', 'bllo:Focus', 'bllo:bll-13307448X', 'bllo:Focus', 'bllo:bll-133070867', 'bllo:bll-133119661']
### BLL class (en):
['Prefix', 'Syntax', 'Portuguese', 'German', 'Concept', 'Verb', 'Prefix', 'Corpus', 'Brazilian', 'Corpus', 'Concept', 'Focus', 'Semantics', 'Focus', 'Portuguese', 'Full stop']
### BLL class (de):
['Präfix', 'Syntax', 'Portugiesisch', 'Deutsch', 'Konzept', 'Verb', 'Präfix', 'Korpus', 'Brasilianisch', 'Korpus', 'Konzept', 'Fokus', 'Semantik', 'Fokus', 'Portugiesisch', 'Punkt']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['bll-133073513', 'bll-133073378', 'MorphologicalCategory', 'MorphologicalPhenomenon'], ['ResearchTopic', 'OtherLinguisticTerm'], ['bll-133070549', 'bll-133096246', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['WestGermanic', 'bll-133070166', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['MorphosyntacticCategory', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon'], ['bll-133073513', 'bll-133073378', 'MorphologicalCategory', 'MorphologicalPhenomenon'], ['LanguageResourceType', 'LanguageResourceInformation'], ['bll-133070867', 'bll-133070549', 'bll-133096246', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['LanguageResourceType', 'LanguageResourceInformation'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['PragmaticUnit', 'DiscoursePhenomenon'], ['ResearchTopic', 'OtherLinguisticTerm'], ['PragmaticUnit', 'DiscoursePhenomenon'], ['bll-133070549', 'bll-133096246', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['bll-133073319', 'GraphemicPhenomenon']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Affix', 'Morpheme', 'Morphological category', 'Morphological phenomenon']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Affix', 'Morphem', 'Morphologische Kategorie', 'Morphologisches Phänomen']
### BLL top node:
['MorphologicalPhenomenon', 'OtherLinguisticTerm', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'LexicalPhenomenon', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'MorphologicalPhenomenon', 'LanguageResourceInformation', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'LanguageResourceInformation', 'LexicalPhenomenon', 'DiscoursePhenomenon', 'OtherLinguisticTerm', 'DiscoursePhenomenon', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'GraphemicPhenomenon']
### DDC ID:
ddc:430
### Other subjects:
['Kontrastive Linguistik', 'Portugiesisch', 'Deutsch', 'Lexikologie', 'Thema-Rhema-Gliederung', 'Präfixverb', 'Präfix', 'ddc:460']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
6145 | A relação entre pragmática, semântica e gramática | por | doc-type:article | [
"The present paper examines the relationship between pragmatics, semantics and grammar as subdisciplines of linguistics from three different perspectives. The first section gives a historical survey of their development during the 20th century and classifies linguistic schools according to their interest in different fields of research. The second part presents a systematic model of the field of objects to be investigated by linguistics, aiming at a more precise delimitation of its subdisciplines. Finally, in the third section, the division of labour between pragmatics, semantics and grammar is discussed in the light of the concrete example of verb valence."
] | ddc:460 | [
"Portugiesisch",
"Pragmatiik",
"Semantik",
"Grammatik"
] | [
"bllo:Grammar",
"bllo:bll-133127125",
"bllo:bll-133080692",
"bllo:bll-133098893",
"bllo:bll-13307448X"
] | [
[
"Grammar",
"Grammatik"
],
[
"Verb",
"Verb"
],
[
"Light",
"Licht"
],
[
"Mossi",
"More"
],
[
"Semantics",
"Semantik"
]
] | [
[
"LanguageDescription",
"LanguageResourceType",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"Oti-Volta",
"NorthernGur",
"CentralGur",
"bll-133102556",
"bll-133076199",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
]
] | [
[
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Oti-Volta",
"Oti-Volta"
],
[
"Northern Gur",
"Nord-Gur"
],
[
"Central Gur",
"Zentral-Gur"
],
[
"Gur",
"Gur-Sprachen"
],
[
"Niger-Congo languages",
"Niger-Kongo-Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
A relação entre pragmática, semântica e gramática
### Abstract:
The present paper examines the relationship between pragmatics, semantics and grammar as subdisciplines of linguistics from three different perspectives. The first section gives a historical survey of their development during the 20th century and classifies linguistic schools according to their interest in different fields of research. The second part presents a systematic model of the field of objects to be investigated by linguistics, aiming at a more precise delimitation of its subdisciplines. Finally, in the third section, the division of labour between pragmatics, semantics and grammar is discussed in the light of the concrete example of verb valence.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:Grammar', 'bllo:bll-133127125', 'bllo:bll-133080692', 'bllo:bll-133098893', 'bllo:bll-13307448X']
### BLL class (en):
['Grammar', 'Verb', 'Light', 'Mossi', 'Semantics']
### BLL class (de):
['Grammatik', 'Verb', 'Licht', 'More', 'Semantik']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['LanguageDescription', 'LanguageResourceType', 'LanguageResourceInformation'], ['MorphosyntacticCategory', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['Oti-Volta', 'NorthernGur', 'CentralGur', 'bll-133102556', 'bll-133076199', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['ResearchTopic', 'OtherLinguisticTerm']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Morphosyntactic category', 'Morphosyntactic phenomenon']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Morphosyntaktische Kategorie', 'Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen']
### BLL top node:
['LanguageResourceInformation', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'LexicalPhenomenon', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'OtherLinguisticTerm']
### DDC ID:
ddc:460
### Other subjects:
['Portugiesisch', 'Pragmatiik', 'Semantik', 'Grammatik']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
6180 | Acoustic analysis of high vowels in the Louisiana French of Terrebonne Parish | eng | doc-type:article | [
"This study investigates high vowel laxing in the Louisiana French of the Lafourche Basin. Unlike Canadian French, in which the high vowels /i, y, u/ are traditionally described as undergoing laxing (to [I, Y, U]) in word-final syllables closed by any consonant other than a voiced fricative (see Poliquin 2006), Oukada (1977) states that in the Louisiana French of Lafourche Parish, any coda consonant will trigger high vowel laxing of /i/; he excludes both /y/ and /u/ from his discussion of high vowel laxing. The current study analyzes tokens of /i, y, u/ from pre-recorded interviews with three older male speakers from Terrebonne Parish. We measured the first and second formants and duration for high vowel tokens produced in four phonetic environments, crossing syllable type (open vs. closed) by consonant type (voiced fricative vs. any consonant other than a voiced fricative). Results of the acoustic analysis show optional laxing for /i/ and /y/ and corroborate the finding that high vowels undergo laxing in word-final closed syllables, regardless of consonant type. Data for /u/ show that the results vary widely by speaker, with the dominant pattern (shown by two out of three speakers) that of lowering and backing in the vowel space of closed syllable tokens. Duration data prove inconclusive, likely due to the effects of stress. The formant data published here constitute the first acoustic description of high vowels for any variety of Louisiana French and lay the groundwork for future study on these endangered varieties."
] | ddc:440 | [
"Französisch",
"Akustische Analyse"
] | [
"bllo:Voiced",
"bllo:bll-133072576",
"bllo:bll-133098664",
"bllo:bll-133099377",
"bllo:bll-133072959",
"bllo:bll-133073017",
"bllo:Male",
"bllo:bll-133070557",
"bllo:bll-133073068",
"bllo:bll-133073165"
] | [
[
"Voiced",
"Stimmhaft"
],
[
"Phonetics",
"Phonetik"
],
[
"Fricative",
"Frikativa"
],
[
"Future",
"Futur"
],
[
"Vowel",
"Vokal"
],
[
"Consonant",
"Konsonant"
],
[
"Male (Ethiopia)",
"Male"
],
[
"French",
"Französisch"
],
[
"Syllable",
"Silbe"
],
[
"Stress",
"Tonstärke"
]
] | [
[
"VoicingFeature",
"bll-133072851",
"PhonologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"bll-133117154",
"MannerFeature",
"ConsonantTypeFeature",
"bll-133072851",
"PhonologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"TenseFeature",
"MorphosyntacticFeature",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"Segment",
"PhonologicalCategory",
"PhonologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"Segment",
"PhonologicalCategory",
"PhonologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"Ometo",
"bll-133105695",
"bll-133074870",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"bll-133070549",
"bll-133096246",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"PhonologicalCategory",
"PhonologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"ProsodicPhenomenon",
"PhonologicalPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Voicing feature",
"Stimmhaftigkeit"
],
[
"Features",
"Merkmale"
],
[
"Phonological phenomenon",
"Phonologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Obstruent",
"Obstruent"
],
[
"Manner feature",
"Artikulationsmodus"
],
[
"Consonant type feature",
"Konsonantenart"
],
[
"Features",
"Merkmale"
],
[
"Phonological phenomenon",
"Phonologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Tense feature",
"Tempus"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic feature",
"Morphosyntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Speech sound",
"Sprachlaut"
],
[
"Phonological category",
"Phonologische Kategorie"
],
[
"Phonological phenomenon",
"Phonologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Speech sound",
"Sprachlaut"
],
[
"Phonological category",
"Phonologische Kategorie"
],
[
"Phonological phenomenon",
"Phonologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Ometo",
"Ometo"
],
[
"Omotic languages",
"Omotische Sprachen"
],
[
"Afro-Asiatic languages",
"Afroasiatische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Romance",
"Romanisch"
],
[
"Italic languages",
"Italische Sprachen"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Phonological category",
"Phonologische Kategorie"
],
[
"Phonological phenomenon",
"Phonologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Prosodic phenomenon",
"Prosodisches Phänomen"
],
[
"Phonological phenomenon",
"Phonologisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"PhonologicalPhenomenon",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"PhonologicalPhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"PhonologicalPhenomenon",
"PhonologicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"PhonologicalPhenomenon",
"PhonologicalPhenomenon"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Acoustic analysis of high vowels in the Louisiana French of Terrebonne Parish
### Abstract:
This study investigates high vowel laxing in the Louisiana French of the Lafourche Basin. Unlike Canadian French, in which the high vowels /i, y, u/ are traditionally described as undergoing laxing (to [I, Y, U]) in word-final syllables closed by any consonant other than a voiced fricative (see Poliquin 2006), Oukada (1977) states that in the Louisiana French of Lafourche Parish, any coda consonant will trigger high vowel laxing of /i/; he excludes both /y/ and /u/ from his discussion of high vowel laxing. The current study analyzes tokens of /i, y, u/ from pre-recorded interviews with three older male speakers from Terrebonne Parish. We measured the first and second formants and duration for high vowel tokens produced in four phonetic environments, crossing syllable type (open vs. closed) by consonant type (voiced fricative vs. any consonant other than a voiced fricative). Results of the acoustic analysis show optional laxing for /i/ and /y/ and corroborate the finding that high vowels undergo laxing in word-final closed syllables, regardless of consonant type. Data for /u/ show that the results vary widely by speaker, with the dominant pattern (shown by two out of three speakers) that of lowering and backing in the vowel space of closed syllable tokens. Duration data prove inconclusive, likely due to the effects of stress. The formant data published here constitute the first acoustic description of high vowels for any variety of Louisiana French and lay the groundwork for future study on these endangered varieties.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:Voiced', 'bllo:bll-133072576', 'bllo:bll-133098664', 'bllo:bll-133099377', 'bllo:bll-133072959', 'bllo:bll-133073017', 'bllo:Male', 'bllo:bll-133070557', 'bllo:bll-133073068', 'bllo:bll-133073165']
### BLL class (en):
['Voiced', 'Phonetics', 'Fricative', 'Future', 'Vowel', 'Consonant', 'Male (Ethiopia)', 'French', 'Syllable', 'Stress']
### BLL class (de):
['Stimmhaft', 'Phonetik', 'Frikativa', 'Futur', 'Vokal', 'Konsonant', 'Male', 'Französisch', 'Silbe', 'Tonstärke']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['VoicingFeature', 'bll-133072851', 'PhonologicalPhenomenon'], ['ResearchTopic', 'OtherLinguisticTerm'], ['bll-133117154', 'MannerFeature', 'ConsonantTypeFeature', 'bll-133072851', 'PhonologicalPhenomenon'], ['TenseFeature', 'MorphosyntacticFeature', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon'], ['Segment', 'PhonologicalCategory', 'PhonologicalPhenomenon'], ['Segment', 'PhonologicalCategory', 'PhonologicalPhenomenon'], ['Ometo', 'bll-133105695', 'bll-133074870', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['bll-133070549', 'bll-133096246', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['PhonologicalCategory', 'PhonologicalPhenomenon'], ['ProsodicPhenomenon', 'PhonologicalPhenomenon']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Voicing feature', 'Features', 'Phonological phenomenon']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Stimmhaftigkeit', 'Merkmale', 'Phonologisches Phänomen']
### BLL top node:
['PhonologicalPhenomenon', 'OtherLinguisticTerm', 'PhonologicalPhenomenon', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'PhonologicalPhenomenon', 'PhonologicalPhenomenon', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'PhonologicalPhenomenon', 'PhonologicalPhenomenon']
### DDC ID:
ddc:440
### Other subjects:
['Französisch', 'Akustische Analyse']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
6195 | Multimodal-interaktionsräumliche Grundlagen de-facto-didaktischen Handelns im Unterricht | deu | doc-type:bookPart | [
"Die Autoren beschäftigen sich mit Aspekten von Unterrichtskommunikation, die in der Regel übersehen oder in ihrer Relevanz nicht hinreichend fokussiert werden. Sie verdeutlichen exemplarisch, welche Erkenntnisse damit verbunden sind, wenn man Unterrichtsgeschehen nicht sofort als institutionelle Interaktion verengt und vorschnell auf Wissensvermittlung verkürzt, sondern trotz der faktischen Relevanz dieser beiden Aspekte das Geschehen im Klassenraum hinsichtlich basaler, interaktionskonstitutiver Anforderungen befragt. Unterricht als gemeinsame Herstellung der Beteiligten betrachtet und als raumbasiertes Unternehmen konzeptualisiert."
] | ddc:439 | [
"Multimodalität",
"Lehrer",
"Schüler",
"Kommunikation",
"Interaktionsanalyse"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133102203",
"bllo:bll-133120244"
] | [
[
"Man",
"Mann"
],
[
"Rule",
"Regel"
]
] | [
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"LinguisticRule",
"GeneralLinguisticNotion",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Linguistic rule",
"Linguistische Regel"
],
[
"General linguistic notion",
"Allgemeinlinguistisches Konzept"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
],
[
"Morphological phenomenon",
"Morphologisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Multimodal-interaktionsräumliche Grundlagen de-facto-didaktischen Handelns im Unterricht
### Abstract:
Die Autoren beschäftigen sich mit Aspekten von Unterrichtskommunikation, die in der Regel übersehen oder in ihrer Relevanz nicht hinreichend fokussiert werden. Sie verdeutlichen exemplarisch, welche Erkenntnisse damit verbunden sind, wenn man Unterrichtsgeschehen nicht sofort als institutionelle Interaktion verengt und vorschnell auf Wissensvermittlung verkürzt, sondern trotz der faktischen Relevanz dieser beiden Aspekte das Geschehen im Klassenraum hinsichtlich basaler, interaktionskonstitutiver Anforderungen befragt. Unterricht als gemeinsame Herstellung der Beteiligten betrachtet und als raumbasiertes Unternehmen konzeptualisiert.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-133102203', 'bllo:bll-133120244']
### BLL class (en):
['Man', 'Rule']
### BLL class (de):
['Mann', 'Regel']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['LinguisticRule', 'GeneralLinguisticNotion', 'OtherLinguisticTerm', 'MorphologicalPhenomenon']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Lexical field', 'Lexical phenomenon']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Wortfeld', 'Lexikalisches Phänomen']
### BLL top node:
['LexicalPhenomenon', 'MorphologicalPhenomenon']
### DDC ID:
ddc:439
### Other subjects:
['Multimodalität', 'Lehrer', 'Schüler', 'Kommunikation', 'Interaktionsanalyse']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
654 | Implied reference to audience : on organizational rhetoric of mass media | deu | doc-type:bookPart | [
"In the first part of my paper, I am going to propose a research program which will be exemplified in the second part. This research concerns organizational mass-media rhetoric in a sense to be sketched below."
] | ddc:430 | [
"Deutsch",
"Massenmedien",
"Rhetorik",
"Sowjetunion",
"Stalin",
"Lenin",
"Russisch",
"ddc:490"
] | [] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Implied reference to audience : on organizational rhetoric of mass media
### Abstract:
In the first part of my paper, I am going to propose a research program which will be exemplified in the second part. This research concerns organizational mass-media rhetoric in a sense to be sketched below.
### BLL class ID:
[]
### BLL class (en):
[]
### BLL class (de):
[]
### BLL superclass ID:
[]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
[]
### BLL superclass literals (de):
[]
### BLL top node:
[]
### DDC ID:
ddc:430
### Other subjects:
['Deutsch', 'Massenmedien', 'Rhetorik', 'Sowjetunion', 'Stalin', 'Lenin', 'Russisch', 'ddc:490']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
664 | Dynamische Entwicklung der Metaphernbilder in der politischen Kommunikation Russlands am Anfang des 21. Jahrhunderts | deu | doc-type:bookPart | [
"Die Erforschung der historischen Entwicklung der politischen Metapher ist einer der sich sehr intensiv entwickelnden Stränge der Kognitiven Linguistik, die die Metapher als die wichtigste mentale Operation, als die Weise des Welterkennens, der Weltstrukturierung, -bewertung und -erklärung ansieht. Der Mensch äußert mittels Metaphern nicht nur seine Gedanken, sondern es geht viel mehr darum, dass er die Metaphern denkt und die Welt durch die Metaphern erschafft, in der er lebt. Zu Metaphern greifend ist der Mensch bestrebt, im Kommunikationsprozess das im Bewusstsein des Adressaten existierende sprachliche Weltbild zu modulieren. Der Diskursansatz in der Untersuchung der politischen Kommunikation bedeutet die Analyse jedes konkreten Textes mit Berücksichtigung der politischen Situation, in der der Text entsteht, und der Wechselbeziehung mit anderen Texten. Die Metapher wird erforscht unter Berücksichtigung der Zielsetzungen, der politischen Ansichten und personellen Eigenschaften des Autors, der spezifischen Wahrnehmung des Textes durch verschiedene Menschen, sowie der Rolle, die dieser Text im System der politischen Texte und darüber hinaus im politischen Leben des Landes spielen kann."
] | ddc:430 | [
"Deutsch",
"Russisch",
"Russland",
"Metapher",
"Rhetorik",
"ddc:490"
] | [
"bllo:bll-31572529X",
"bllo:Text",
"bllo:bll-13307904X",
"bllo:bll-197234038"
] | [
[
"Perception",
"Wahrnehmung"
],
[
"Text",
"Text"
],
[
"Communication",
"Kommunikation"
],
[
"Life",
"Leben"
]
] | [
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"MediumTypeFeature",
"LanguageResourceFeature",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Dynamische Entwicklung der Metaphernbilder in der politischen Kommunikation Russlands am Anfang des 21. Jahrhunderts
### Abstract:
Die Erforschung der historischen Entwicklung der politischen Metapher ist einer der sich sehr intensiv entwickelnden Stränge der Kognitiven Linguistik, die die Metapher als die wichtigste mentale Operation, als die Weise des Welterkennens, der Weltstrukturierung, -bewertung und -erklärung ansieht. Der Mensch äußert mittels Metaphern nicht nur seine Gedanken, sondern es geht viel mehr darum, dass er die Metaphern denkt und die Welt durch die Metaphern erschafft, in der er lebt. Zu Metaphern greifend ist der Mensch bestrebt, im Kommunikationsprozess das im Bewusstsein des Adressaten existierende sprachliche Weltbild zu modulieren. Der Diskursansatz in der Untersuchung der politischen Kommunikation bedeutet die Analyse jedes konkreten Textes mit Berücksichtigung der politischen Situation, in der der Text entsteht, und der Wechselbeziehung mit anderen Texten. Die Metapher wird erforscht unter Berücksichtigung der Zielsetzungen, der politischen Ansichten und personellen Eigenschaften des Autors, der spezifischen Wahrnehmung des Textes durch verschiedene Menschen, sowie der Rolle, die dieser Text im System der politischen Texte und darüber hinaus im politischen Leben des Landes spielen kann.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-31572529X', 'bllo:Text', 'bllo:bll-13307904X', 'bllo:bll-197234038']
### BLL class (en):
['Perception', 'Text', 'Communication', 'Life']
### BLL class (de):
['Wahrnehmung', 'Text', 'Kommunikation', 'Leben']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['MediumTypeFeature', 'LanguageResourceFeature', 'LanguageResourceInformation'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Lexical field', 'Lexical phenomenon']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Wortfeld', 'Lexikalisches Phänomen']
### BLL top node:
['LexicalPhenomenon', 'LanguageResourceInformation', 'LexicalPhenomenon', 'LexicalPhenomenon']
### DDC ID:
ddc:430
### Other subjects:
['Deutsch', 'Russisch', 'Russland', 'Metapher', 'Rhetorik', 'ddc:490']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
667 | Pressenachrichten : zur Modellierung der Makrostruktur des Textes | deu | doc-type:bookPart | [
"Die Textsorte „Pressenachricht“, deren linguistische Untersuchung auf die Studien von Teun A. van Dijk zurückgeht (1985, 1988), werden immer häufiger zum speziellen Forschungsgegenstand in den russischen Geisteswissenschaften. 1. In der Linguistik wird die Hauptaufmerksamkeit den stilistischen Aspekten der Nachrichtentexte zuteil, einschließlich ihrer textstilistischen Besonderheiten. 2 Es scheint heutzutage notwendig, das theoretische Herangehen an die Nachrichten zu aktualisieren, sowohl unter dem Gesichtspunkt der Textlinguistik, als auch aus der Sicht der Diskurstheorie. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird versucht, die theoretischen Grundlagen für die Beschreibung von Nachrichtentexten zu entwerfen unter dem Blickwinkel des diskursiven Herangehens und des Begriffes der Text-Makrostruktur, der auch von van Dijk in den wissenschaftlichen Umlauf gebracht wurde."
] | ddc:430 | [
"Deutsch",
"Russisch",
"Textlinguistik",
"Russland",
"Stilistik",
"ddc:490"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133074366"
] | [
[
"Text linguistics",
"Textlinguistik"
]
] | [
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
]
] | [
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
]
] | [
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Pressenachrichten : zur Modellierung der Makrostruktur des Textes
### Abstract:
Die Textsorte „Pressenachricht“, deren linguistische Untersuchung auf die Studien von Teun A. van Dijk zurückgeht (1985, 1988), werden immer häufiger zum speziellen Forschungsgegenstand in den russischen Geisteswissenschaften. 1. In der Linguistik wird die Hauptaufmerksamkeit den stilistischen Aspekten der Nachrichtentexte zuteil, einschließlich ihrer textstilistischen Besonderheiten. 2 Es scheint heutzutage notwendig, das theoretische Herangehen an die Nachrichten zu aktualisieren, sowohl unter dem Gesichtspunkt der Textlinguistik, als auch aus der Sicht der Diskurstheorie. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird versucht, die theoretischen Grundlagen für die Beschreibung von Nachrichtentexten zu entwerfen unter dem Blickwinkel des diskursiven Herangehens und des Begriffes der Text-Makrostruktur, der auch von van Dijk in den wissenschaftlichen Umlauf gebracht wurde.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-133074366']
### BLL class (en):
['Text linguistics']
### BLL class (de):
['Textlinguistik']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['ResearchTopic', 'OtherLinguisticTerm']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Research topic', 'Other linguistic term']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Forschungsthema', 'Anderer linguistischer Begriff']
### BLL top node:
['OtherLinguisticTerm']
### DDC ID:
ddc:430
### Other subjects:
['Deutsch', 'Russisch', 'Textlinguistik', 'Russland', 'Stilistik', 'ddc:490']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
668 | Functional and communicative features of advertising in the press | deu | doc-type:bookPart | [
"In the present article I have decided to focus on the analysis of one of the most \"traditional\", but still fast-developing and ever-changing type of advertising – on the analysis of advertising in the press. The more my colleagues, students, and I try to analyse, scrutinise and describe particular aspects of advertising, the more obvious it is that to make this analysis authentic and reliable from the theoretical point of view and important from the practical point of view, it is necessary to suggest a universal approach to the study."
] | ddc:420 | [
"Deutsch",
"Englisch",
"Werbesprache",
"Fachsprache",
"Stilistik",
"Textlinguistik",
"Presse",
"Massenmedien",
"ddc:430"
] | [
"bllo:Focus",
"bllo:Universal",
"bllo:bll-133078108",
"bllo:bll-133098893"
] | [
[
"Focus",
"Fokus"
],
[
"Universal",
"Universalie"
],
[
"Article",
"Artikel"
],
[
"Mossi",
"More"
]
] | [
[
"PragmaticUnit",
"DiscoursePhenomenon"
],
[
"GeneralLinguisticNotion",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"bll-133089118",
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"Oti-Volta",
"NorthernGur",
"CentralGur",
"bll-133102556",
"bll-133076199",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
]
] | [
[
[
"Pragmatic unit",
"Pragmatische Einheit"
],
[
"Discourse phenomenon",
"Diskursphänomen"
]
],
[
[
"General linguistic notion",
"Allgemeinlinguistisches Konzept"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Determiner",
"Determiner"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Oti-Volta",
"Oti-Volta"
],
[
"Northern Gur",
"Nord-Gur"
],
[
"Central Gur",
"Zentral-Gur"
],
[
"Gur",
"Gur-Sprachen"
],
[
"Niger-Congo languages",
"Niger-Kongo-Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
]
] | [
"DiscoursePhenomenon",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Functional and communicative features of advertising in the press
### Abstract:
In the present article I have decided to focus on the analysis of one of the most "traditional", but still fast-developing and ever-changing type of advertising – on the analysis of advertising in the press. The more my colleagues, students, and I try to analyse, scrutinise and describe particular aspects of advertising, the more obvious it is that to make this analysis authentic and reliable from the theoretical point of view and important from the practical point of view, it is necessary to suggest a universal approach to the study.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:Focus', 'bllo:Universal', 'bllo:bll-133078108', 'bllo:bll-133098893']
### BLL class (en):
['Focus', 'Universal', 'Article', 'Mossi']
### BLL class (de):
['Fokus', 'Universalie', 'Artikel', 'More']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['PragmaticUnit', 'DiscoursePhenomenon'], ['GeneralLinguisticNotion', 'OtherLinguisticTerm'], ['bll-133089118', 'MorphosyntacticCategory', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon'], ['Oti-Volta', 'NorthernGur', 'CentralGur', 'bll-133102556', 'bll-133076199', 'LanguageRelatedTerm']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Pragmatic unit', 'Discourse phenomenon']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Pragmatische Einheit', 'Diskursphänomen']
### BLL top node:
['DiscoursePhenomenon', 'OtherLinguisticTerm', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'LanguageRelatedTerm']
### DDC ID:
ddc:420
### Other subjects:
['Deutsch', 'Englisch', 'Werbesprache', 'Fachsprache', 'Stilistik', 'Textlinguistik', 'Presse', 'Massenmedien', 'ddc:430']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
669 | Linguistic creativity in the English of business-oriented quality papers | deu | doc-type:bookPart | [
"Quality journalism offers its educated readers unsimplified linguistic usage which comprises standard collocations, phrases and utterances on the one hand, and occasional word-combinations, deformed idioms and quotations on the other. The former belong to the language system and reside in a variety of unilingual dictionaries, whereas the latter are confined to speech and have little chance of being registered by lexicographers."
] | ddc:420 | [
"Deutsch",
"Englisch",
"Massenmedien",
"ddc:430"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133110907",
"bllo:bll-133096009"
] | [
[
"Collocations",
"Kollokationswörterbuch"
],
[
"Quotations",
"Zitatwörterbuch"
]
] | [
[
"DictionaryTypeFeature",
"LanguageResourceFeature",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"DictionaryTypeFeature",
"LanguageResourceFeature",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
]
] | [] | [
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Linguistic creativity in the English of business-oriented quality papers
### Abstract:
Quality journalism offers its educated readers unsimplified linguistic usage which comprises standard collocations, phrases and utterances on the one hand, and occasional word-combinations, deformed idioms and quotations on the other. The former belong to the language system and reside in a variety of unilingual dictionaries, whereas the latter are confined to speech and have little chance of being registered by lexicographers.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-133110907', 'bllo:bll-133096009']
### BLL class (en):
['Collocations', 'Quotations']
### BLL class (de):
['Kollokationswörterbuch', 'Zitatwörterbuch']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['DictionaryTypeFeature', 'LanguageResourceFeature', 'LanguageResourceInformation'], ['DictionaryTypeFeature', 'LanguageResourceFeature', 'LanguageResourceInformation']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
[]
### BLL superclass literals (de):
[]
### BLL top node:
['LanguageResourceInformation', 'LanguageResourceInformation']
### DDC ID:
ddc:420
### Other subjects:
['Deutsch', 'Englisch', 'Massenmedien', 'ddc:430']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
670 | Tendenzen der Verwendung von Fremdwörtern in der Pressesprache im deutsch-litauischen Vergleich | deu | doc-type:bookPart | [
"Globalisierung, offene Grenzen, intensive Integrationsprozesse eröffnen neue Kommunikationsmöglichkeiten, aktualisieren Kultur- und Sprachkontakte. Die intensiven Beziehungen auf allen Gebieten führen zu wechselseitiger Beeinflussung in der Kommunikation und im Sprachsystem. Sowohl Litauisch als auch Deutsch werden in der heutigen mehrsprachigen und multikulturellen Welt von vielen anderen Sprachen beeinflusst und durch die Tendenzen der Internationalisierung charakterisiert. In der litauischen Standardsprache ist besonders aktiver Gebrauch von Fremdwörtern festzustellen, die in der heutigen Entwicklungsphase vor allem aus dem Englischen übernommen werden. Die Pressesprache reagiert am schnellsten auf diesen Prozess, der auch in anderen Sprachdiskursen vor sich geht, und zeigt am deutlichsten seine Tendenzen. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden einige Verwendungstendenzen von Fremdwörtern in der litauischen Pressesprache betrachtet und unter interkulturellem Aspekt mit der Verwendung von Fremdwörtern in der deutschen Pressesprache verglichen. Die litauischen Belege wurden meistens aus Zeitungen und Zeitschriften entnommen, einige Beispiele stammen aus anderen Quellen, aus Anzeigen, Faltblättern, Werbetexten, sie sind mit „rš“ markiert. Als Quelle für Beispielsätze aus der deutschen Presse wurden teilweise die Korpora der geschriebenen Sprache des Instituts für Deutsche Sprache, Mannheim (www.ids-mannheim.de) und der Wortschatz-Datenbank „Wortschatzlexikon“ der Universität Leipzig (http://wortschatz.uni-leipzig.de) benutzt. Beispielsätze werden manchmal verkürzt angeführt. Folgende Wörterbücher wurden verwendet: Duden – Deutsches Universalwörterbuch (1996); Duden – Das Fremdwörterbuch (1966, 1974, 1982, 1990); Duden – Das große Fremdwörterbuch (2000)."
] | ddc:430 | [
"Deutsch",
"Litauisch",
"Kontrastive Linguistik",
"Entlehnung",
"Fremdwort",
"Massenmedien",
"ddc:490"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133098230",
"bllo:UniversalDictionary",
"bllo:bll-133070158",
"bllo:bll-133113914",
"bllo:bll-13307904X",
"bllo:AspectFeature"
] | [
[
"Foreign word dictionary",
"Fremdwörterbuch"
],
[
"Universal dictionary",
"Universalwörterbuch"
],
[
"German",
"Deutsch"
],
[
"Lithuanian",
"Litauisch"
],
[
"Communication",
"Kommunikation"
],
[
"Aspect feature",
"Aspekt"
]
] | [
[
"DictionaryTypeFeature",
"LanguageResourceFeature",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"DictionaryTypeFeature",
"LanguageResourceFeature",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"bll-133080072",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"MorphosyntacticFeature",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Baltic languages",
"Baltische Sprachen"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Morphosyntactic feature",
"Morphosyntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Tendenzen der Verwendung von Fremdwörtern in der Pressesprache im deutsch-litauischen Vergleich
### Abstract:
Globalisierung, offene Grenzen, intensive Integrationsprozesse eröffnen neue Kommunikationsmöglichkeiten, aktualisieren Kultur- und Sprachkontakte. Die intensiven Beziehungen auf allen Gebieten führen zu wechselseitiger Beeinflussung in der Kommunikation und im Sprachsystem. Sowohl Litauisch als auch Deutsch werden in der heutigen mehrsprachigen und multikulturellen Welt von vielen anderen Sprachen beeinflusst und durch die Tendenzen der Internationalisierung charakterisiert. In der litauischen Standardsprache ist besonders aktiver Gebrauch von Fremdwörtern festzustellen, die in der heutigen Entwicklungsphase vor allem aus dem Englischen übernommen werden. Die Pressesprache reagiert am schnellsten auf diesen Prozess, der auch in anderen Sprachdiskursen vor sich geht, und zeigt am deutlichsten seine Tendenzen. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden einige Verwendungstendenzen von Fremdwörtern in der litauischen Pressesprache betrachtet und unter interkulturellem Aspekt mit der Verwendung von Fremdwörtern in der deutschen Pressesprache verglichen. Die litauischen Belege wurden meistens aus Zeitungen und Zeitschriften entnommen, einige Beispiele stammen aus anderen Quellen, aus Anzeigen, Faltblättern, Werbetexten, sie sind mit „rš“ markiert. Als Quelle für Beispielsätze aus der deutschen Presse wurden teilweise die Korpora der geschriebenen Sprache des Instituts für Deutsche Sprache, Mannheim (www.ids-mannheim.de) und der Wortschatz-Datenbank „Wortschatzlexikon“ der Universität Leipzig (http://wortschatz.uni-leipzig.de) benutzt. Beispielsätze werden manchmal verkürzt angeführt. Folgende Wörterbücher wurden verwendet: Duden – Deutsches Universalwörterbuch (1996); Duden – Das Fremdwörterbuch (1966, 1974, 1982, 1990); Duden – Das große Fremdwörterbuch (2000).
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-133098230', 'bllo:UniversalDictionary', 'bllo:bll-133070158', 'bllo:bll-133113914', 'bllo:bll-13307904X', 'bllo:AspectFeature']
### BLL class (en):
['Foreign word dictionary', 'Universal dictionary', 'German', 'Lithuanian', 'Communication', 'Aspect feature']
### BLL class (de):
['Fremdwörterbuch', 'Universalwörterbuch', 'Deutsch', 'Litauisch', 'Kommunikation', 'Aspekt']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['DictionaryTypeFeature', 'LanguageResourceFeature', 'LanguageResourceInformation'], ['DictionaryTypeFeature', 'LanguageResourceFeature', 'LanguageResourceInformation'], ['WestGermanic', 'bll-133070166', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['bll-133080072', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['MorphosyntacticFeature', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['West Germanic', 'Germanic', 'Indo-European languages', 'Language-related term']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Westgermanisch', 'Germanisch', 'Indoeuropäische Sprachen', 'Sprachbezeichner']
### BLL top node:
['LanguageResourceInformation', 'LanguageResourceInformation', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'LexicalPhenomenon', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon']
### DDC ID:
ddc:430
### Other subjects:
['Deutsch', 'Litauisch', 'Kontrastive Linguistik', 'Entlehnung', 'Fremdwort', 'Massenmedien', 'ddc:490']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
671 | Television news discourse | deu | doc-type:bookPart | [
"In this paper, the author develops the narrative approach to TV news discourse as follows: with the categories of the narrator, the “voices” of the narrator, points of view, the composition of narrative, and the recipient's image. A brief review of the basic peculiarities of the Russian discourse is given as an illustration."
] | ddc:420 | [
"Deutsch",
"Englisch",
"ddc:430"
] | [
"bllo:Image",
"bllo:bll-133121011",
"bllo:Composition"
] | [
[
"Image",
"Bild"
],
[
"Russian",
"Russisch"
],
[
"Composition",
"Komposition"
]
] | [
[
"MediumTypeFeature",
"LanguageResourceFeature",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"EastSlavic",
"bll-133122794",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"bll-133074846",
"MorphologicalProcess",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"East Slavic",
"Ostslawisch"
],
[
"Slavic languages",
"Slawische Sprachen"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Word formation",
"Wortbildung"
],
[
"Morphological process",
"Morphologischer Prozess"
],
[
"Morphological phenomenon",
"Morphologisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Television news discourse
### Abstract:
In this paper, the author develops the narrative approach to TV news discourse as follows: with the categories of the narrator, the “voices” of the narrator, points of view, the composition of narrative, and the recipient's image. A brief review of the basic peculiarities of the Russian discourse is given as an illustration.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:Image', 'bllo:bll-133121011', 'bllo:Composition']
### BLL class (en):
['Image', 'Russian', 'Composition']
### BLL class (de):
['Bild', 'Russisch', 'Komposition']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['MediumTypeFeature', 'LanguageResourceFeature', 'LanguageResourceInformation'], ['EastSlavic', 'bll-133122794', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['bll-133074846', 'MorphologicalProcess', 'MorphologicalPhenomenon']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['East Slavic', 'Slavic languages', 'Indo-European languages', 'Language-related term']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Ostslawisch', 'Slawische Sprachen', 'Indoeuropäische Sprachen', 'Sprachbezeichner']
### BLL top node:
['LanguageResourceInformation', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'MorphologicalPhenomenon']
### DDC ID:
ddc:420
### Other subjects:
['Deutsch', 'Englisch', 'ddc:430']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
674 | Discourse structure and communicative intentions : a study of Russian TV interviews | deu | doc-type:bookPart | [
"An explanatory model of spoken interview structure is proposed. The structure of an interview consists of quanta that are groups of turns. This structure is determined by the interviewer's intentional structure, whereas the latter depends on the interviewer's knowledge structure. A classification of communicative intentions is proposed, distinguishing between local intentions that are derived from the global intention, and underived, spontaneous local intentions."
] | ddc:430 | [
"Deutsch",
"Russland",
"Russisch",
"Interview",
"TV-Programm",
"ddc:490"
] | [
"bllo:bll-197692737"
] | [
[
"Knowledge",
"Wissen"
]
] | [
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"LexicalPhenomenon"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Discourse structure and communicative intentions : a study of Russian TV interviews
### Abstract:
An explanatory model of spoken interview structure is proposed. The structure of an interview consists of quanta that are groups of turns. This structure is determined by the interviewer's intentional structure, whereas the latter depends on the interviewer's knowledge structure. A classification of communicative intentions is proposed, distinguishing between local intentions that are derived from the global intention, and underived, spontaneous local intentions.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-197692737']
### BLL class (en):
['Knowledge']
### BLL class (de):
['Wissen']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Lexical field', 'Lexical phenomenon']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Wortfeld', 'Lexikalisches Phänomen']
### BLL top node:
['LexicalPhenomenon']
### DDC ID:
ddc:430
### Other subjects:
['Deutsch', 'Russland', 'Russisch', 'Interview', 'TV-Programm', 'ddc:490']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
676 | The discourse analysis of marketing communication texts in mass media | deu | doc-type:bookPart | [
"The term ‘marketing communications’ is used to denote communications by means of various persuasive messages about products, organizations, candidates and ideas that marketers send to audiences to build up knowledge of the mentioned objects, to evoke positive attitudes towards them, to stimulate the audience to act in a certain way (buy, use, vote, approve) and remain loyal to them. Possibly the most dominant type of marketing communications in our culture is advertising, but there are many other effective forms of marketing persuasion (public relations, sponsorship, point-of-sale communications, sales promotion, event marketing, product placement, etc.). Advertising uses mass media channels (traditional and new media) to contact and interact with the audiences, and thus the language of advertising has become a special form of mass media language."
] | ddc:420 | [
"Deutsch",
"Englisch",
"Massenmedien",
"Diskursanalyse",
"ddc:430"
] | [
"bllo:bll-197692737",
"bllo:bll-195090896",
"bllo:bll-341091448"
] | [
[
"Knowledge",
"Wissen"
],
[
"Shape",
"Form"
],
[
"Culture",
"Kultur"
]
] | [
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
The discourse analysis of marketing communication texts in mass media
### Abstract:
The term ‘marketing communications’ is used to denote communications by means of various persuasive messages about products, organizations, candidates and ideas that marketers send to audiences to build up knowledge of the mentioned objects, to evoke positive attitudes towards them, to stimulate the audience to act in a certain way (buy, use, vote, approve) and remain loyal to them. Possibly the most dominant type of marketing communications in our culture is advertising, but there are many other effective forms of marketing persuasion (public relations, sponsorship, point-of-sale communications, sales promotion, event marketing, product placement, etc.). Advertising uses mass media channels (traditional and new media) to contact and interact with the audiences, and thus the language of advertising has become a special form of mass media language.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-197692737', 'bllo:bll-195090896', 'bllo:bll-341091448']
### BLL class (en):
['Knowledge', 'Shape', 'Culture']
### BLL class (de):
['Wissen', 'Form', 'Kultur']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Lexical field', 'Lexical phenomenon']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Wortfeld', 'Lexikalisches Phänomen']
### BLL top node:
['LexicalPhenomenon', 'LexicalPhenomenon', 'LexicalPhenomenon']
### DDC ID:
ddc:420
### Other subjects:
['Deutsch', 'Englisch', 'Massenmedien', 'Diskursanalyse', 'ddc:430']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
677 | The reflection of sensory experience in lexical definitions : what kind of dictionaries are necessary for journalists? | deu | doc-type:bookPart | [
"Thoughts on what kind of dictionaries and why they are necessary for journalists lead to the conclusion: first of all, dictionaries of pronunciation are interesting for them. Radio and television journalists need pronouncing dictionaries. In this regard, there are such modern dictionaries as “The Dictionary of Russian Pronunciation Difficulties” (Kalenchuk/Kasatkina 2006), “The Dictionary of Emphasis for Radio and TV announcers” (Vvedenskaja 2004) and “The Dictionary of Perfect Russian Emphasis” (Shtudiner 2007). Dictionary reference books that help to avoid some spelling mistakes are necessary in the newspaper practice. This type of publication includes “The Abridged Dictionary of Russian Language Difficulties for the Workers of the Press” (1968) that contains about 400 words, and reference books such as: “Word Usage Difficulties in TV and Broadcasting” (Gajmakova/Menkevich 1998) and “Russian Language Difficulties” by Rakhmanova (ed.) (1994)."
] | ddc:420 | [
"Deutsch",
"Englisch",
"Massenmedien",
"Lexikographie",
"ddc:430"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133121011",
"bllo:Word",
"bllo:bll-133120139",
"bllo:Dictionary"
] | [
[
"Russian",
"Russisch"
],
[
"Word",
"Wort"
],
[
"Reference",
"Referenz"
],
[
"Dictionary",
"Wörterbuch"
]
] | [
[
"EastSlavic",
"bll-133122794",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"LexicalCategory",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"SemanticRelation",
"SemanticPhenomenon"
],
[
"LexicalOrConceptualResource",
"LanguageResourceType",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
]
] | [
[
[
"East Slavic",
"Ostslawisch"
],
[
"Slavic languages",
"Slawische Sprachen"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical category",
"Lexikalische Kategorie"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Semantic relation",
"Semantische Relation"
],
[
"Semantic phenomenon",
"Semantisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"SemanticPhenomenon",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
The reflection of sensory experience in lexical definitions : what kind of dictionaries are necessary for journalists?
### Abstract:
Thoughts on what kind of dictionaries and why they are necessary for journalists lead to the conclusion: first of all, dictionaries of pronunciation are interesting for them. Radio and television journalists need pronouncing dictionaries. In this regard, there are such modern dictionaries as “The Dictionary of Russian Pronunciation Difficulties” (Kalenchuk/Kasatkina 2006), “The Dictionary of Emphasis for Radio and TV announcers” (Vvedenskaja 2004) and “The Dictionary of Perfect Russian Emphasis” (Shtudiner 2007). Dictionary reference books that help to avoid some spelling mistakes are necessary in the newspaper practice. This type of publication includes “The Abridged Dictionary of Russian Language Difficulties for the Workers of the Press” (1968) that contains about 400 words, and reference books such as: “Word Usage Difficulties in TV and Broadcasting” (Gajmakova/Menkevich 1998) and “Russian Language Difficulties” by Rakhmanova (ed.) (1994).
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-133121011', 'bllo:Word', 'bllo:bll-133120139', 'bllo:Dictionary']
### BLL class (en):
['Russian', 'Word', 'Reference', 'Dictionary']
### BLL class (de):
['Russisch', 'Wort', 'Referenz', 'Wörterbuch']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['EastSlavic', 'bll-133122794', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['LexicalCategory', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['SemanticRelation', 'SemanticPhenomenon'], ['LexicalOrConceptualResource', 'LanguageResourceType', 'LanguageResourceInformation']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['East Slavic', 'Slavic languages', 'Indo-European languages', 'Language-related term']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Ostslawisch', 'Slawische Sprachen', 'Indoeuropäische Sprachen', 'Sprachbezeichner']
### BLL top node:
['LanguageRelatedTerm', 'LexicalPhenomenon', 'SemanticPhenomenon', 'LanguageResourceInformation']
### DDC ID:
ddc:420
### Other subjects:
['Deutsch', 'Englisch', 'Massenmedien', 'Lexikographie', 'ddc:430']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
678 | Foreign proper names in Russian radio and TV broadcasts | deu | doc-type:bookPart | [
"The choice of an accentual or pronouncing variant of a borrowed proper name poses a serious problem for journalists, who have to decide upon the choice of a variant while on air. This problem is just as serious for codifiers, the compilers of pronouncing dictionaries used by radio and TV journalists."
] | ddc:430 | [
"Deutsch",
"Russisch",
"Entlehnung",
"Lexikographie",
"Aussprache",
"ddc:490"
] | [] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Foreign proper names in Russian radio and TV broadcasts
### Abstract:
The choice of an accentual or pronouncing variant of a borrowed proper name poses a serious problem for journalists, who have to decide upon the choice of a variant while on air. This problem is just as serious for codifiers, the compilers of pronouncing dictionaries used by radio and TV journalists.
### BLL class ID:
[]
### BLL class (en):
[]
### BLL class (de):
[]
### BLL superclass ID:
[]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
[]
### BLL superclass literals (de):
[]
### BLL top node:
[]
### DDC ID:
ddc:430
### Other subjects:
['Deutsch', 'Russisch', 'Entlehnung', 'Lexikographie', 'Aussprache', 'ddc:490']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
7171 | Diphthongs versus monophthongs in English | eng | doc-type:bookPart | [
"We present evidence for the analysis of the vowels in English <say> and <so> as biphonemic diphthongs /ɛi/ and /əu/, based on neutralization patterns, regular alternations, and foot structure. /ɛi/ and /əu/ are hence structurally on a par with the so called “true diphthongs” /ɑi/, /ɐu/, /ɔi/, but also share prosodic organization with the monophthongs /i/ and /u/. The phonological evidence is supported by dynamic measurements based on the American English TIMIT database.\r\nCalculations of F2-slopes proved to be especially suited to distinguish the relevant groups in accordance with their phonologically motivated prosodic organizations."
] | ddc:420 | [
"Englisch",
"Diphthong"
] | [
"bllo:Foot",
"bllo:Neutralisation",
"bllo:bll-133070409",
"bllo:bll-133070514"
] | [
[
"Foot",
"Fuß"
],
[
"Neutralization",
"Neutralisation"
],
[
"English",
"Englisch"
],
[
"American English",
"Amerikanisches Englisch"
]
] | [
[
"MetricalCategory",
"PhonologicalCategory",
"PhonologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"GeneralLinguisticNotion",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"bll-133070409",
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
]
] | [
[
[
"Metrical category",
"Metrische Kategorie"
],
[
"Phonological category",
"Phonologische Kategorie"
],
[
"Phonological phenomenon",
"Phonologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"General linguistic notion",
"Allgemeinlinguistisches Konzept"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"English",
"Englisch"
],
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
]
] | [
"PhonologicalPhenomenon",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Diphthongs versus monophthongs in English
### Abstract:
We present evidence for the analysis of the vowels in English <say> and <so> as biphonemic diphthongs /ɛi/ and /əu/, based on neutralization patterns, regular alternations, and foot structure. /ɛi/ and /əu/ are hence structurally on a par with the so called “true diphthongs” /ɑi/, /ɐu/, /ɔi/, but also share prosodic organization with the monophthongs /i/ and /u/. The phonological evidence is supported by dynamic measurements based on the American English TIMIT database.
Calculations of F2-slopes proved to be especially suited to distinguish the relevant groups in accordance with their phonologically motivated prosodic organizations.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:Foot', 'bllo:Neutralisation', 'bllo:bll-133070409', 'bllo:bll-133070514']
### BLL class (en):
['Foot', 'Neutralization', 'English', 'American English']
### BLL class (de):
['Fuß', 'Neutralisation', 'Englisch', 'Amerikanisches Englisch']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['MetricalCategory', 'PhonologicalCategory', 'PhonologicalPhenomenon'], ['GeneralLinguisticNotion', 'OtherLinguisticTerm'], ['WestGermanic', 'bll-133070166', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['bll-133070409', 'WestGermanic', 'bll-133070166', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Metrical category', 'Phonological category', 'Phonological phenomenon']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Metrische Kategorie', 'Phonologische Kategorie', 'Phonologisches Phänomen']
### BLL top node:
['PhonologicalPhenomenon', 'OtherLinguisticTerm', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'LanguageRelatedTerm']
### DDC ID:
ddc:420
### Other subjects:
['Englisch', 'Diphthong']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
844 | On the historical core of V2 in Germanic | deu | doc-type:article | [
"This paper focuses on the origin of the V2 property in the history of Germanic. Considering data from Gothic and Old English (OE), it is suggested that the historical core of the V2 phenomenon reduces to V-to-C movement that is triggered in operator contexts. Therefore, the historical system shares basic propertieswith limited V2 in Modern English. It is shown that apparent deviations from this pattern that can be observed in Gothic can be attributed to the influence of Greek word order. Concerning the apparently more elaborate V2 properties of OE, it is claimed that a large part of them in fact do not involve a Spec-head relation, but rather result from linear adjacency between the clause-initial element and a finite verb located in T0. Special attention is paid to the placement of pronominal subjects in OE, which are claimed to occupy SpecTP. This contrasts with a lower position of full subjects due to the absence of an EPP in OE. Finally, the loss of superficial V2 orders in the Middle English period is attributed to the development of an EPP feature in T."
] | ddc:420 | [
"Deutsch",
"Syntax",
"Diachronie",
"ddc:430"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133070425",
"bllo:bll-133070433",
"bllo:Greek",
"bllo:bll-133102912",
"bllo:bll-133070166",
"bllo:bll-133072851",
"bllo:bll-133127125",
"bllo:bll-133116018",
"bllo:bll-133070409",
"bllo:bll-133073947",
"bllo:bll-133098893",
"bllo:Word"
] | [
[
"Middle English",
"Mittelenglisch"
],
[
"Old English",
"Altenglisch"
],
[
"Greek",
"Griechisch"
],
[
"Gothic",
"Gotisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Features",
"Merkmale"
],
[
"Verb",
"Verb"
],
[
"Movement",
"Movement"
],
[
"English",
"Englisch"
],
[
"Word order",
"Wortfolge"
],
[
"Mossi",
"More"
],
[
"Word",
"Wort"
]
] | [
[
"HistoricalFormOfEnglish",
"bll-133070409",
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"HistoricalFormOfEnglish",
"bll-133070409",
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"EastGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"PhonologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"SyntacticFeature",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"Oti-Volta",
"NorthernGur",
"CentralGur",
"bll-133102556",
"bll-133076199",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"LexicalCategory",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Historical form of English",
"Sprachstufe des Englischen"
],
[
"English",
"Englisch"
],
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Historical form of English",
"Sprachstufe des Englischen"
],
[
"English",
"Englisch"
],
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"East Germanic",
"Ostgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Phonological phenomenon",
"Phonologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Syntactic feature",
"Syntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Oti-Volta",
"Oti-Volta"
],
[
"Northern Gur",
"Nord-Gur"
],
[
"Central Gur",
"Zentral-Gur"
],
[
"Gur",
"Gur-Sprachen"
],
[
"Niger-Congo languages",
"Niger-Kongo-Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical category",
"Lexikalische Kategorie"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"PhonologicalPhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
On the historical core of V2 in Germanic
### Abstract:
This paper focuses on the origin of the V2 property in the history of Germanic. Considering data from Gothic and Old English (OE), it is suggested that the historical core of the V2 phenomenon reduces to V-to-C movement that is triggered in operator contexts. Therefore, the historical system shares basic propertieswith limited V2 in Modern English. It is shown that apparent deviations from this pattern that can be observed in Gothic can be attributed to the influence of Greek word order. Concerning the apparently more elaborate V2 properties of OE, it is claimed that a large part of them in fact do not involve a Spec-head relation, but rather result from linear adjacency between the clause-initial element and a finite verb located in T0. Special attention is paid to the placement of pronominal subjects in OE, which are claimed to occupy SpecTP. This contrasts with a lower position of full subjects due to the absence of an EPP in OE. Finally, the loss of superficial V2 orders in the Middle English period is attributed to the development of an EPP feature in T.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-133070425', 'bllo:bll-133070433', 'bllo:Greek', 'bllo:bll-133102912', 'bllo:bll-133070166', 'bllo:bll-133072851', 'bllo:bll-133127125', 'bllo:bll-133116018', 'bllo:bll-133070409', 'bllo:bll-133073947', 'bllo:bll-133098893', 'bllo:Word']
### BLL class (en):
['Middle English', 'Old English', 'Greek', 'Gothic', 'Germanic', 'Features', 'Verb', 'Movement', 'English', 'Word order', 'Mossi', 'Word']
### BLL class (de):
['Mittelenglisch', 'Altenglisch', 'Griechisch', 'Gotisch', 'Germanisch', 'Merkmale', 'Verb', 'Movement', 'Englisch', 'Wortfolge', 'More', 'Wort']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['HistoricalFormOfEnglish', 'bll-133070409', 'WestGermanic', 'bll-133070166', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['HistoricalFormOfEnglish', 'bll-133070409', 'WestGermanic', 'bll-133070166', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['EastGermanic', 'bll-133070166', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['PhonologicalPhenomenon'], ['MorphosyntacticCategory', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon'], ['SyntacticFeature', 'SyntacticPhenomenon'], ['WestGermanic', 'bll-133070166', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['Oti-Volta', 'NorthernGur', 'CentralGur', 'bll-133102556', 'bll-133076199', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['LexicalCategory', 'LexicalPhenomenon']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Historical form of English', 'English', 'West Germanic', 'Germanic', 'Indo-European languages', 'Language-related term']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Sprachstufe des Englischen', 'Englisch', 'Westgermanisch', 'Germanisch', 'Indoeuropäische Sprachen', 'Sprachbezeichner']
### BLL top node:
['LanguageRelatedTerm', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'PhonologicalPhenomenon', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'SyntacticPhenomenon', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'LexicalPhenomenon']
### DDC ID:
ddc:420
### Other subjects:
['Deutsch', 'Syntax', 'Diachronie', 'ddc:430']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
848 | Constraints on relational-adjective noun constructions : a comparative view on English, German and French | deu | doc-type:article | [
"In English and French relational adjectives occurring in construction with deverbal nominalizations can be thematically associated with subject as well as object arguments. By contrast, in German object-related readings of relational adjectives seem to be inadmissible. The greater flexibility of English and French in terms of the thematic interpretability of relational adjectives also shows up with respect to \"circumstantial\" thematic roles like directionals, locatives and instrumentals. It is arguably due to the common Latin heritage of English and French, since in Latin relational adjectives representing subject or object arguments of nominalizations are widely attested. However, even in English and French object-related readings are confined to result nominalizations, a restriction we suggest to account for in terms of the more \"noun-like\" character of result nominalizations in contrast to process nominalizations. Moreover, since argument-related interpretations of relational adjectives can always be overridden by appropriate agentive/ patientive phrases, relational adjectives cannot be analyzed as occupying an argument position, but rather as modifying the semantic role associated with it."
] | ddc:420 | [
"Deutsch",
"Englisch",
"Französisch",
"Adjektiv",
"Kontrastive Grammatik",
"ddc:430",
"ddc:440"
] | [
"bllo:bll-13311712X",
"bllo:bll-133070158",
"bllo:bll-133070409",
"bllo:bll-13307448X",
"bllo:SemanticRole",
"bllo:bll-133070557",
"bllo:bll-133124703",
"bllo:bll-133098893",
"bllo:Even",
"bllo:bll-133113035"
] | [
[
"Object",
"Objekt"
],
[
"German",
"Deutsch"
],
[
"English",
"Englisch"
],
[
"Semantics",
"Semantik"
],
[
"Semantic role",
"Semantische Rolle"
],
[
"French",
"Französisch"
],
[
"Subject",
"Subjekt"
],
[
"Mossi",
"More"
],
[
"Even",
"Even"
],
[
"Latin",
"Latein"
]
] | [
[
"SyntacticRole",
"SyntacticFeature",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"SemanticFeature",
"SemanticPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133070549",
"bll-133096246",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"SyntacticRole",
"SyntacticFeature",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"Oti-Volta",
"NorthernGur",
"CentralGur",
"bll-133102556",
"bll-133076199",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"bll-133088472",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"bll-133096246",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
]
] | [
[
[
"Syntactic role",
"Syntaktische Rolle"
],
[
"Syntactic feature",
"Syntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Semantic feature",
"Semantisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Semantic phenomenon",
"Semantisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Romance",
"Romanisch"
],
[
"Italic languages",
"Italische Sprachen"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Syntactic role",
"Syntaktische Rolle"
],
[
"Syntactic feature",
"Syntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Oti-Volta",
"Oti-Volta"
],
[
"Northern Gur",
"Nord-Gur"
],
[
"Central Gur",
"Zentral-Gur"
],
[
"Gur",
"Gur-Sprachen"
],
[
"Niger-Congo languages",
"Niger-Kongo-Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Tungus",
"Tungusisch"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Italic languages",
"Italische Sprachen"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
]
] | [
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"SemanticPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Constraints on relational-adjective noun constructions : a comparative view on English, German and French
### Abstract:
In English and French relational adjectives occurring in construction with deverbal nominalizations can be thematically associated with subject as well as object arguments. By contrast, in German object-related readings of relational adjectives seem to be inadmissible. The greater flexibility of English and French in terms of the thematic interpretability of relational adjectives also shows up with respect to "circumstantial" thematic roles like directionals, locatives and instrumentals. It is arguably due to the common Latin heritage of English and French, since in Latin relational adjectives representing subject or object arguments of nominalizations are widely attested. However, even in English and French object-related readings are confined to result nominalizations, a restriction we suggest to account for in terms of the more "noun-like" character of result nominalizations in contrast to process nominalizations. Moreover, since argument-related interpretations of relational adjectives can always be overridden by appropriate agentive/ patientive phrases, relational adjectives cannot be analyzed as occupying an argument position, but rather as modifying the semantic role associated with it.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-13311712X', 'bllo:bll-133070158', 'bllo:bll-133070409', 'bllo:bll-13307448X', 'bllo:SemanticRole', 'bllo:bll-133070557', 'bllo:bll-133124703', 'bllo:bll-133098893', 'bllo:Even', 'bllo:bll-133113035']
### BLL class (en):
['Object', 'German', 'English', 'Semantics', 'Semantic role', 'French', 'Subject', 'Mossi', 'Even', 'Latin']
### BLL class (de):
['Objekt', 'Deutsch', 'Englisch', 'Semantik', 'Semantische Rolle', 'Französisch', 'Subjekt', 'More', 'Even', 'Latein']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['SyntacticRole', 'SyntacticFeature', 'SyntacticPhenomenon'], ['WestGermanic', 'bll-133070166', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['WestGermanic', 'bll-133070166', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['ResearchTopic', 'OtherLinguisticTerm'], ['SemanticFeature', 'SemanticPhenomenon'], ['bll-133070549', 'bll-133096246', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['SyntacticRole', 'SyntacticFeature', 'SyntacticPhenomenon'], ['Oti-Volta', 'NorthernGur', 'CentralGur', 'bll-133102556', 'bll-133076199', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['bll-133088472', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['bll-133096246', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Syntactic role', 'Syntactic feature', 'Syntactic phenomenon']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Syntaktische Rolle', 'Syntaktisches Merkmal', 'Syntaktisches Phänomen']
### BLL top node:
['SyntacticPhenomenon', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'OtherLinguisticTerm', 'SemanticPhenomenon', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'SyntacticPhenomenon', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'LanguageRelatedTerm']
### DDC ID:
ddc:420
### Other subjects:
['Deutsch', 'Englisch', 'Französisch', 'Adjektiv', 'Kontrastive Grammatik', 'ddc:430', 'ddc:440']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
870 | Absolute ill-formedness and other morphophonological effects | eng | doc-type:article | [
"In this paper I explore the theoretical significance of phonologically conditioned gaps in word formation. The data support the original approach to gaps in Optimality Theory proposed by Prince & Smolensky (1993), which crucially involves MPARSE as a ranked and violable constraint. The alternative CONTROL model proposed by Orgun & Sprouse (1999) is found to be inadequate because of lost generalisations and technical flaws. It is shown that a careful distinction between various morphophonological effects (e.g. paradigm uniformity effects, phonological repair and ‘stem selection’) is necessary to shed light on the morphology–phonology interface. The data investigated here support affixspecific constraint rankings, but argue against any stratal organisation of morphology."
] | ddc:420 | [
"Phonologie",
"Suffix",
"Wortbildung",
"Kontrastive Phonetik",
"ddc:430"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133072835",
"bllo:bll-133111547",
"bllo:bll-133080692",
"bllo:Constraint",
"bllo:bll-133073351",
"bllo:bll-133080102",
"bllo:Word",
"bllo:bll-133074846"
] | [
[
"Theory",
"Theorie"
],
[
"Control",
"Kontrollbeziehung"
],
[
"Light",
"Licht"
],
[
"Constraint",
"Constraint"
],
[
"Morphology",
"Morphologie"
],
[
"Optimality theory",
"Optimalitätstheorie"
],
[
"Word",
"Wort"
],
[
"Word formation",
"Wortbildung"
]
] | [
[
"SyntacticFeature",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"GeneralLinguisticNotion",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"PhonologicalTheory",
"TheoreticalFramework",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"LexicalCategory",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"MorphologicalProcess",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Syntactic feature",
"Syntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"General linguistic notion",
"Allgemeinlinguistisches Konzept"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Phonological theory",
"Phonologische Theorie"
],
[
"Theoretical framework",
"Theoretischer Ansatz"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical category",
"Lexikalische Kategorie"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Morphological process",
"Morphologischer Prozess"
],
[
"Morphological phenomenon",
"Morphologisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Absolute ill-formedness and other morphophonological effects
### Abstract:
In this paper I explore the theoretical significance of phonologically conditioned gaps in word formation. The data support the original approach to gaps in Optimality Theory proposed by Prince & Smolensky (1993), which crucially involves MPARSE as a ranked and violable constraint. The alternative CONTROL model proposed by Orgun & Sprouse (1999) is found to be inadequate because of lost generalisations and technical flaws. It is shown that a careful distinction between various morphophonological effects (e.g. paradigm uniformity effects, phonological repair and ‘stem selection’) is necessary to shed light on the morphology–phonology interface. The data investigated here support affixspecific constraint rankings, but argue against any stratal organisation of morphology.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-133072835', 'bllo:bll-133111547', 'bllo:bll-133080692', 'bllo:Constraint', 'bllo:bll-133073351', 'bllo:bll-133080102', 'bllo:Word', 'bllo:bll-133074846']
### BLL class (en):
['Theory', 'Control', 'Light', 'Constraint', 'Morphology', 'Optimality theory', 'Word', 'Word formation']
### BLL class (de):
['Theorie', 'Kontrollbeziehung', 'Licht', 'Constraint', 'Morphologie', 'Optimalitätstheorie', 'Wort', 'Wortbildung']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['SyntacticFeature', 'SyntacticPhenomenon'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['GeneralLinguisticNotion', 'OtherLinguisticTerm'], ['ResearchTopic', 'OtherLinguisticTerm'], ['PhonologicalTheory', 'TheoreticalFramework', 'OtherLinguisticTerm'], ['LexicalCategory', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['MorphologicalProcess', 'MorphologicalPhenomenon']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Syntactic feature', 'Syntactic phenomenon']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Syntaktisches Merkmal', 'Syntaktisches Phänomen']
### BLL top node:
['SyntacticPhenomenon', 'LexicalPhenomenon', 'OtherLinguisticTerm', 'OtherLinguisticTerm', 'OtherLinguisticTerm', 'LexicalPhenomenon', 'MorphologicalPhenomenon']
### DDC ID:
ddc:420
### Other subjects:
['Phonologie', 'Suffix', 'Wortbildung', 'Kontrastive Phonetik', 'ddc:430']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
8997 | On the visibility of ritual meaning in Communion: Prerequisites and implications regarding architecture-for-interaction and social topography | eng | doc-type:article | [
"The article starts by outlining the theoretical and conceptual foundations in the field of multimodal interaction analysis, which, based on its spatiallinguistic orientation, deals with the meaning of space for the constitution of social meaning. Conceptually, we refer to the ideas of architecture-forinteraction and social topography. Empirically, we look towards the entire range of visually perceptible physical expressions of the Communion participants. We also focus on the spatial prerequisites and the space-related knowledge of the visitors, which becomes evident in their situational behaviour. From our point of view, Communion is not only a ritual in worship but also a task of coordination and positioning. We analyse video excerpts of two Communions in Lutheran-Protestant worship. The central question is: How do the people who hand out the sacrament to the participants take part in the procedure themselves (self-supply)? The video excerpts are from Germany(Rimbach and Zotzenbach, South Hesse). We see self-supply as a situational reproduction of institutional structures and relevancies. Methodologically, we first analyse an example in detail, in which we elaborate constitutive aspects of self-supply and the associated implications in the sense of an arising communitisation of the faithful. The subsequent analysis is carried out from a comparative perspective with reference to the results already obtained. The analyses lead to two basic models. Firstly, we identified a two-phase model in which first the churchgoers and then separately the institution’s representatives celebrate Communion. Structurally linked to this model is the is the diverging presence of those who have already completed the ritual, divergence resulting in two ensembles with their respective interaction space. The churchgoers watch the pastor and his assistants perform the ritual themselves. Secondly, we were able to formulate an integrative model in which the pastor celebrates Communion as one of the community. This preserves cohesion among all churchgoers and there is no ritual display of the institution’s representatives as in the two-phase model. As for model-shaping factors, two aspects become particularly clear: The first are the opportunities which the architecture-forinteraction, i.e. the concrete space for the Communion, provides. The second is the number of participants who perform the ceremony under these spatial conditions. Both aspects have a direct impact on the organisation of Communion, the movement within the church space and, indirectly, on the structure and implications of self-supply."
] | ddc:420 | [
"Multimodalität",
"Interaktionsanalyse",
"Architektur",
"Raum",
"Sozialtopografie"
] | [
"bllo:Video",
"bllo:bll-133078108",
"bllo:bll-133116018",
"bllo:bll-133073408",
"bllo:bll-398943486",
"bllo:bll-133074161",
"bllo:Focus",
"bllo:bll-197692737",
"bllo:bll-133120139"
] | [
[
"Video",
"Video"
],
[
"Article",
"Artikel"
],
[
"Movement",
"Movement"
],
[
"Number",
"Numerus"
],
[
"Church",
"Kirche"
],
[
"Coordination",
"Parataxe"
],
[
"Focus",
"Fokus"
],
[
"Knowledge",
"Wissen"
],
[
"Reference",
"Referenz"
]
] | [
[
"MediumTypeFeature",
"LanguageResourceFeature",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"bll-133089118",
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"SyntacticFeature",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"InterclausalRelation",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"PragmaticUnit",
"DiscoursePhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"SemanticRelation",
"SemanticPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Determiner",
"Determiner"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Syntactic feature",
"Syntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Interclausal relation",
"Satzverknüpfung"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Pragmatic unit",
"Pragmatische Einheit"
],
[
"Discourse phenomenon",
"Diskursphänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Semantic relation",
"Semantische Relation"
],
[
"Semantic phenomenon",
"Semantisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"DiscoursePhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"SemanticPhenomenon"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
On the visibility of ritual meaning in Communion: Prerequisites and implications regarding architecture-for-interaction and social topography
### Abstract:
The article starts by outlining the theoretical and conceptual foundations in the field of multimodal interaction analysis, which, based on its spatiallinguistic orientation, deals with the meaning of space for the constitution of social meaning. Conceptually, we refer to the ideas of architecture-forinteraction and social topography. Empirically, we look towards the entire range of visually perceptible physical expressions of the Communion participants. We also focus on the spatial prerequisites and the space-related knowledge of the visitors, which becomes evident in their situational behaviour. From our point of view, Communion is not only a ritual in worship but also a task of coordination and positioning. We analyse video excerpts of two Communions in Lutheran-Protestant worship. The central question is: How do the people who hand out the sacrament to the participants take part in the procedure themselves (self-supply)? The video excerpts are from Germany(Rimbach and Zotzenbach, South Hesse). We see self-supply as a situational reproduction of institutional structures and relevancies. Methodologically, we first analyse an example in detail, in which we elaborate constitutive aspects of self-supply and the associated implications in the sense of an arising communitisation of the faithful. The subsequent analysis is carried out from a comparative perspective with reference to the results already obtained. The analyses lead to two basic models. Firstly, we identified a two-phase model in which first the churchgoers and then separately the institution’s representatives celebrate Communion. Structurally linked to this model is the is the diverging presence of those who have already completed the ritual, divergence resulting in two ensembles with their respective interaction space. The churchgoers watch the pastor and his assistants perform the ritual themselves. Secondly, we were able to formulate an integrative model in which the pastor celebrates Communion as one of the community. This preserves cohesion among all churchgoers and there is no ritual display of the institution’s representatives as in the two-phase model. As for model-shaping factors, two aspects become particularly clear: The first are the opportunities which the architecture-forinteraction, i.e. the concrete space for the Communion, provides. The second is the number of participants who perform the ceremony under these spatial conditions. Both aspects have a direct impact on the organisation of Communion, the movement within the church space and, indirectly, on the structure and implications of self-supply.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:Video', 'bllo:bll-133078108', 'bllo:bll-133116018', 'bllo:bll-133073408', 'bllo:bll-398943486', 'bllo:bll-133074161', 'bllo:Focus', 'bllo:bll-197692737', 'bllo:bll-133120139']
### BLL class (en):
['Video', 'Article', 'Movement', 'Number', 'Church', 'Coordination', 'Focus', 'Knowledge', 'Reference']
### BLL class (de):
['Video', 'Artikel', 'Movement', 'Numerus', 'Kirche', 'Parataxe', 'Fokus', 'Wissen', 'Referenz']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['MediumTypeFeature', 'LanguageResourceFeature', 'LanguageResourceInformation'], ['bll-133089118', 'MorphosyntacticCategory', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon'], ['SyntacticFeature', 'SyntacticPhenomenon'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['InterclausalRelation', 'SyntacticPhenomenon'], ['PragmaticUnit', 'DiscoursePhenomenon'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['SemanticRelation', 'SemanticPhenomenon']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Determiner', 'Morphosyntactic category', 'Morphosyntactic phenomenon']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Determiner', 'Morphosyntaktische Kategorie', 'Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen']
### BLL top node:
['LanguageResourceInformation', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'SyntacticPhenomenon', 'LexicalPhenomenon', 'SyntacticPhenomenon', 'DiscoursePhenomenon', 'LexicalPhenomenon', 'SemanticPhenomenon']
### DDC ID:
ddc:420
### Other subjects:
['Multimodalität', 'Interaktionsanalyse', 'Architektur', 'Raum', 'Sozialtopografie']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
10007 | Wuerzburg forest - A syntactical tree nursery based on an authentical text | deu | doc-type:book | [
"Einen Satz syntaktisch zu analysieren heißt, ein Satzverstehen nach bestimmten Kriterien offenzulegen. Jeder Satzanalyse geht ein grundsätzliches, voranalytisch verborgenes Verstehen ebenso voraus, wie der Prozess der Analyse ein solches Verstehen konkretisiert und ausdrücklich festzurrt: Ohne Verstehen keine Analyse. Für Analysen, die ein Satzverstehen syntaktisch explizieren sollen, benötigt man einen theoretischen Hintergrund, der die Analysewerkzeuge bereitstellt: Ohne Beschreibungsmittel keine Analyse. Schließlich braucht jede Analyse auch noch eine Darstellungsmethode: Ohne Festhalten der Ergebnisse kein Zugriff auf die Analyse.\r\n\r\nDer vorliegende Band versteht sich als eine Explikation von Satzverstehen anhand eines konkreten, valenzorientierten Beschreibungsinventars. Im Vordergrund stehen dabei die Visualisierungen der Analyse-Ergebnisse durch Baumgraphen. Über 100 Bäumchen sind hier zu einem Wald versammelt. Damit ist insbesondere (aber nicht nur) für Studierende, die nach dieser Methode Sätze analysieren, eine Möglichkeit gegeben, einen valenz- und dependenzgrammatischen Zugriff auf verschiedene syntaktisch beschreibbare Phänomene authentischen Sprachvorkommens zu erproben. Darüber hinaus stellt der „Würzburger Wald“ unter Beweis, dass die in diesem Band intensiv angewandte Analysemethode ein stabiles Instrument für adäquate syntaktische Analysen sprachlicher Einheiten aus der freien Wildbahn journalistischer Textproduktion ist.",
"When analyzing a sentence, you are revealing your understanding of the same sentence by certain criteria. Before analyzing a sentence, you need to understand it – in a basic, pre-analytical, concealed way. The process of analyzing a sentence will concretize and finalize this understanding: Analysis is not possible without understanding. You will need a theoretical background, the theoretical “tools” when uncovering your syntactical understanding of a sentence by means of syntactical analysis. Analysis is not possible without these theoretical “tools”. Last, but not least, every analysis needs a means of presentation. Analysis is not possible without recording and presenting its results.\r\n\r\nThe publication at hand aims at presenting the understanding of sentences by using a concrete, valence based analytical inventory. Its prime goal is to present the results of the different sentence analyses in form of syntactical trees. In this publication you will find more than 100 syntactical trees, forming a “syntactical forest”. It gives students (and other readers), who are analyzing sentences this way, a possibility to test their valence and dependency grammar based approach to certain syntactical phenomena before the background of authentic use of speech. Besides, the “Würzburg (syntactical) forest” is proof of the soundness of the analytical methods and tools used in appropriately analyzing linguistic phenomena found in the wilderness of journalistic text production."
] | ddc:430 | [
"Syntax",
"Valenz <Linguistik>",
"Grammatik"
] | [
"bllo:Grammar",
"bllo:Text",
"bllo:bll-133098915",
"bllo:AccessTypeFeature",
"bllo:bll-133102203",
"bllo:InstrumentRole",
"bllo:Sentence",
"bllo:Sentence",
"bllo:bll-133098893",
"bllo:bll-398943648",
"bllo:bll-195090896",
"bllo:bll-398943648"
] | [
[
"Grammar",
"Grammatik"
],
[
"Text",
"Text"
],
[
"Tools",
"Werkzeuge"
],
[
"Access",
"Zugriff"
],
[
"Man",
"Mann"
],
[
"Instrument role",
"Instrument"
],
[
"Sentence",
"Satz"
],
[
"Sentence",
"Satz"
],
[
"Mossi",
"More"
],
[
"Forest",
"Wald"
],
[
"Shape",
"Form"
],
[
"Forest",
"Wald"
]
] | [
[
"LanguageDescription",
"LanguageResourceType",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"MediumTypeFeature",
"LanguageResourceFeature",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"LanguageResourceFeature",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"SemanticRole",
"SemanticFeature",
"SemanticPhenomenon"
],
[
"Constituent",
"SyntacticCategory",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"Constituent",
"SyntacticCategory",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"Oti-Volta",
"NorthernGur",
"CentralGur",
"bll-133102556",
"bll-133076199",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Semantic role",
"Semantische Rolle"
],
[
"Semantic feature",
"Semantisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Semantic phenomenon",
"Semantisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Constituent",
"Konstituente"
],
[
"Syntactic category",
"Syntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Constituent",
"Konstituente"
],
[
"Syntactic category",
"Syntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Oti-Volta",
"Oti-Volta"
],
[
"Northern Gur",
"Nord-Gur"
],
[
"Central Gur",
"Zentral-Gur"
],
[
"Gur",
"Gur-Sprachen"
],
[
"Niger-Congo languages",
"Niger-Kongo-Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"SemanticPhenomenon",
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Wuerzburg forest - A syntactical tree nursery based on an authentical text
### Abstract:
Einen Satz syntaktisch zu analysieren heißt, ein Satzverstehen nach bestimmten Kriterien offenzulegen. Jeder Satzanalyse geht ein grundsätzliches, voranalytisch verborgenes Verstehen ebenso voraus, wie der Prozess der Analyse ein solches Verstehen konkretisiert und ausdrücklich festzurrt: Ohne Verstehen keine Analyse. Für Analysen, die ein Satzverstehen syntaktisch explizieren sollen, benötigt man einen theoretischen Hintergrund, der die Analysewerkzeuge bereitstellt: Ohne Beschreibungsmittel keine Analyse. Schließlich braucht jede Analyse auch noch eine Darstellungsmethode: Ohne Festhalten der Ergebnisse kein Zugriff auf die Analyse.
Der vorliegende Band versteht sich als eine Explikation von Satzverstehen anhand eines konkreten, valenzorientierten Beschreibungsinventars. Im Vordergrund stehen dabei die Visualisierungen der Analyse-Ergebnisse durch Baumgraphen. Über 100 Bäumchen sind hier zu einem Wald versammelt. Damit ist insbesondere (aber nicht nur) für Studierende, die nach dieser Methode Sätze analysieren, eine Möglichkeit gegeben, einen valenz- und dependenzgrammatischen Zugriff auf verschiedene syntaktisch beschreibbare Phänomene authentischen Sprachvorkommens zu erproben. Darüber hinaus stellt der „Würzburger Wald“ unter Beweis, dass die in diesem Band intensiv angewandte Analysemethode ein stabiles Instrument für adäquate syntaktische Analysen sprachlicher Einheiten aus der freien Wildbahn journalistischer Textproduktion ist. When analyzing a sentence, you are revealing your understanding of the same sentence by certain criteria. Before analyzing a sentence, you need to understand it – in a basic, pre-analytical, concealed way. The process of analyzing a sentence will concretize and finalize this understanding: Analysis is not possible without understanding. You will need a theoretical background, the theoretical “tools” when uncovering your syntactical understanding of a sentence by means of syntactical analysis. Analysis is not possible without these theoretical “tools”. Last, but not least, every analysis needs a means of presentation. Analysis is not possible without recording and presenting its results.
The publication at hand aims at presenting the understanding of sentences by using a concrete, valence based analytical inventory. Its prime goal is to present the results of the different sentence analyses in form of syntactical trees. In this publication you will find more than 100 syntactical trees, forming a “syntactical forest”. It gives students (and other readers), who are analyzing sentences this way, a possibility to test their valence and dependency grammar based approach to certain syntactical phenomena before the background of authentic use of speech. Besides, the “Würzburg (syntactical) forest” is proof of the soundness of the analytical methods and tools used in appropriately analyzing linguistic phenomena found in the wilderness of journalistic text production.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:Grammar', 'bllo:Text', 'bllo:bll-133098915', 'bllo:AccessTypeFeature', 'bllo:bll-133102203', 'bllo:InstrumentRole', 'bllo:Sentence', 'bllo:Sentence', 'bllo:bll-133098893', 'bllo:bll-398943648', 'bllo:bll-195090896', 'bllo:bll-398943648']
### BLL class (en):
['Grammar', 'Text', 'Tools', 'Access', 'Man', 'Instrument role', 'Sentence', 'Sentence', 'Mossi', 'Forest', 'Shape', 'Forest']
### BLL class (de):
['Grammatik', 'Text', 'Werkzeuge', 'Zugriff', 'Mann', 'Instrument', 'Satz', 'Satz', 'More', 'Wald', 'Form', 'Wald']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['LanguageDescription', 'LanguageResourceType', 'LanguageResourceInformation'], ['MediumTypeFeature', 'LanguageResourceFeature', 'LanguageResourceInformation'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['LanguageResourceFeature', 'LanguageResourceInformation'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['SemanticRole', 'SemanticFeature', 'SemanticPhenomenon'], ['Constituent', 'SyntacticCategory', 'SyntacticPhenomenon'], ['Constituent', 'SyntacticCategory', 'SyntacticPhenomenon'], ['Oti-Volta', 'NorthernGur', 'CentralGur', 'bll-133102556', 'bll-133076199', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Lexical field', 'Lexical phenomenon']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Wortfeld', 'Lexikalisches Phänomen']
### BLL top node:
['LanguageResourceInformation', 'LanguageResourceInformation', 'LexicalPhenomenon', 'LanguageResourceInformation', 'LexicalPhenomenon', 'SemanticPhenomenon', 'SyntacticPhenomenon', 'SyntacticPhenomenon', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'LexicalPhenomenon', 'LexicalPhenomenon', 'LexicalPhenomenon']
### DDC ID:
ddc:430
### Other subjects:
['Syntax', 'Valenz <Linguistik>', 'Grammatik']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
10336 | Zum Stand der Forschung auf dem Gebiete der französischen Umgangssprache (1994) | deu | doc-type:preprint | [
"Der Artikel gibt einen Überblick über die Forschungen zur französischen Umgangssprache von den Anfängen bis etwa 1992 in vier Abschnitten: 1. Die Anfänge, 2. die Sprachschichtenforschung, 3. die Beiträge von Soziolinguistik und Varietätenlinguistik und 4. die Arbeiten der \"Gegenwart\" um 1990. Eine Zusammenfassung und eine ausführliche Bibliographie schließen den Forschungsbericht ab. Berücksichtigt werden alle sprachlichen Ebenen von der Aussprache über den Wortschatz bis zur Grammatik. Wo es angebracht erscheint, sind Hinweise auf Arbeiten zu anderen Umgangssprachen angeführt."
] | ddc:447 | [
"Französisch",
"Umgangssprache",
"Variationslinguistik",
"Soziolinguistik",
"Stilistik"
] | [
"bllo:Grammar",
"bllo:bll-13307367X",
"bllo:bll-133078108",
"bllo:bll-133071243"
] | [
[
"Grammar",
"Grammatik"
],
[
"Vocabulary",
"Wortschatz"
],
[
"Article",
"Artikel"
],
[
"Sociolinguistics",
"Soziolinguistik"
]
] | [
[
"LanguageDescription",
"LanguageResourceType",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133089118",
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
]
] | [
[
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Determiner",
"Determiner"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Zum Stand der Forschung auf dem Gebiete der französischen Umgangssprache (1994)
### Abstract:
Der Artikel gibt einen Überblick über die Forschungen zur französischen Umgangssprache von den Anfängen bis etwa 1992 in vier Abschnitten: 1. Die Anfänge, 2. die Sprachschichtenforschung, 3. die Beiträge von Soziolinguistik und Varietätenlinguistik und 4. die Arbeiten der "Gegenwart" um 1990. Eine Zusammenfassung und eine ausführliche Bibliographie schließen den Forschungsbericht ab. Berücksichtigt werden alle sprachlichen Ebenen von der Aussprache über den Wortschatz bis zur Grammatik. Wo es angebracht erscheint, sind Hinweise auf Arbeiten zu anderen Umgangssprachen angeführt.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:Grammar', 'bllo:bll-13307367X', 'bllo:bll-133078108', 'bllo:bll-133071243']
### BLL class (en):
['Grammar', 'Vocabulary', 'Article', 'Sociolinguistics']
### BLL class (de):
['Grammatik', 'Wortschatz', 'Artikel', 'Soziolinguistik']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['LanguageDescription', 'LanguageResourceType', 'LanguageResourceInformation'], ['LexicalPhenomenon'], ['bll-133089118', 'MorphosyntacticCategory', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon'], ['ResearchTopic', 'OtherLinguisticTerm']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Lexical phenomenon']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Lexikalisches Phänomen']
### BLL top node:
['LanguageResourceInformation', 'LexicalPhenomenon', 'MorphosyntacticPhenomenon', 'OtherLinguisticTerm']
### DDC ID:
ddc:447
### Other subjects:
['Französisch', 'Umgangssprache', 'Variationslinguistik', 'Soziolinguistik', 'Stilistik']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
10568 | The Rhönschranke: description of a dialect boundary between Central German and Upper German | deu | doc-type:doctoralThesis | [
"Der Regierungsbezirk Unterfranken, das Untersuchungsgebiet des Sprachatlas von Unterfranken (SUF), ist dialektologisch dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass durch ihn von Südwesten nach Nordosten (Spessart, Rhön) die Grenze zwischen dem Oberdeutschen und dem Mitteldeutschen verläuft. Diese Grenze wird im nördlichen Teil Rhönschranke genannt. Allerdings gibt es keine scharfen Dialektgrenzen, sondern nur Übergangsgebiete zwischen zwei dialektalen Kernräumen. Übergangsgebiete sind dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Merkmale eines (Kern-)Raums ab- und die des anderen zunehmen. Auf der Basis des SUF-Materials wird dieses Übergangsgebiet beschrieben und dialektgeographisch interpretiert.",
"In Lower Franconia, the study area of the Linguistic Atlas of Lower Franconia, the boundary between Upper German dialects and Central German dialects runs from southwest to northeast. The northern part of the boundary is called Rhönschranke (Rhön Barrier). However, no sharp dialect boundaries exist. There are only transition areas between two dialectal core areas. In these transition areas characteristics of one dialectal core area increase while the characteristics of the other dialectal core area decrease. On basis of the material of the Linguistic Atlas of Lower Franconia this particular transition area Rhönschranke is described and interpreted in terms of dialect geography."
] | ddc:437 | [
"Sprachgrenze",
"Unterfranken",
"Mitteldeutsch",
"Oberdeutsch",
"Mundart"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133072851",
"bllo:bll-133124533",
"bllo:bll-133070336",
"bllo:bll-133070158"
] | [
[
"Features",
"Merkmale"
],
[
"Material",
"Stoffbezeichnung"
],
[
"Upper German dialects",
"Oberdeutsche Dialekte"
],
[
"German",
"Deutsch"
]
] | [
[
"PhonologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"HighGerman",
"bll-133070158",
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
]
] | [
[
[
"Phonological phenomenon",
"Phonologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"High German",
"Hochdeutsch"
],
[
"German",
"Deutsch"
],
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
]
] | [
"PhonologicalPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
The Rhönschranke: description of a dialect boundary between Central German and Upper German
### Abstract:
Der Regierungsbezirk Unterfranken, das Untersuchungsgebiet des Sprachatlas von Unterfranken (SUF), ist dialektologisch dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass durch ihn von Südwesten nach Nordosten (Spessart, Rhön) die Grenze zwischen dem Oberdeutschen und dem Mitteldeutschen verläuft. Diese Grenze wird im nördlichen Teil Rhönschranke genannt. Allerdings gibt es keine scharfen Dialektgrenzen, sondern nur Übergangsgebiete zwischen zwei dialektalen Kernräumen. Übergangsgebiete sind dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Merkmale eines (Kern-)Raums ab- und die des anderen zunehmen. Auf der Basis des SUF-Materials wird dieses Übergangsgebiet beschrieben und dialektgeographisch interpretiert. In Lower Franconia, the study area of the Linguistic Atlas of Lower Franconia, the boundary between Upper German dialects and Central German dialects runs from southwest to northeast. The northern part of the boundary is called Rhönschranke (Rhön Barrier). However, no sharp dialect boundaries exist. There are only transition areas between two dialectal core areas. In these transition areas characteristics of one dialectal core area increase while the characteristics of the other dialectal core area decrease. On basis of the material of the Linguistic Atlas of Lower Franconia this particular transition area Rhönschranke is described and interpreted in terms of dialect geography.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-133072851', 'bllo:bll-133124533', 'bllo:bll-133070336', 'bllo:bll-133070158']
### BLL class (en):
['Features', 'Material', 'Upper German dialects', 'German']
### BLL class (de):
['Merkmale', 'Stoffbezeichnung', 'Oberdeutsche Dialekte', 'Deutsch']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['PhonologicalPhenomenon'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['HighGerman', 'bll-133070158', 'WestGermanic', 'bll-133070166', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['WestGermanic', 'bll-133070166', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Phonological phenomenon']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Phonologisches Phänomen']
### BLL top node:
['PhonologicalPhenomenon', 'LexicalPhenomenon', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'LanguageRelatedTerm']
### DDC ID:
ddc:437
### Other subjects:
['Sprachgrenze', 'Unterfranken', 'Mitteldeutsch', 'Oberdeutsch', 'Mundart']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
10781 | ‚Fairy Tales‘ in Advertisement | deu | doc-type:doctoralThesis | [
"Eine korpusbasierte sprachwissenschaftliche Analyse über die Verwendung des Wortes ‚Märchen‘ sowie verschiedener Märchenmotive, -charaktere und –requisiten in der deutschsprachigen Werbung auf Basis der Märchen der Brüder Grimm. Ein besonderer Fokus liegt dabei auf den zahlreichen Formen von Intertextualität.",
"A linguistic analysis based on a corpus about the use of the word ‚Märchen‘ (fairy tale) as well as different fairy tale motives, characters and props in German advertisent refering on Grimm’s Fairy Tales. A special focus is on the numerous forms of intertextuality."
] | ddc:400 | [
"Werbesprache"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133070158",
"bllo:Corpus",
"bllo:Focus",
"bllo:Focus",
"bllo:Word"
] | [
[
"German",
"Deutsch"
],
[
"Corpus",
"Korpus"
],
[
"Focus",
"Fokus"
],
[
"Focus",
"Fokus"
],
[
"Word",
"Wort"
]
] | [
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"LanguageResourceType",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"PragmaticUnit",
"DiscoursePhenomenon"
],
[
"PragmaticUnit",
"DiscoursePhenomenon"
],
[
"LexicalCategory",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Pragmatic unit",
"Pragmatische Einheit"
],
[
"Discourse phenomenon",
"Diskursphänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Pragmatic unit",
"Pragmatische Einheit"
],
[
"Discourse phenomenon",
"Diskursphänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical category",
"Lexikalische Kategorie"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"DiscoursePhenomenon",
"DiscoursePhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
‚Fairy Tales‘ in Advertisement
### Abstract:
Eine korpusbasierte sprachwissenschaftliche Analyse über die Verwendung des Wortes ‚Märchen‘ sowie verschiedener Märchenmotive, -charaktere und –requisiten in der deutschsprachigen Werbung auf Basis der Märchen der Brüder Grimm. Ein besonderer Fokus liegt dabei auf den zahlreichen Formen von Intertextualität. A linguistic analysis based on a corpus about the use of the word ‚Märchen‘ (fairy tale) as well as different fairy tale motives, characters and props in German advertisent refering on Grimm’s Fairy Tales. A special focus is on the numerous forms of intertextuality.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-133070158', 'bllo:Corpus', 'bllo:Focus', 'bllo:Focus', 'bllo:Word']
### BLL class (en):
['German', 'Corpus', 'Focus', 'Focus', 'Word']
### BLL class (de):
['Deutsch', 'Korpus', 'Fokus', 'Fokus', 'Wort']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['WestGermanic', 'bll-133070166', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['LanguageResourceType', 'LanguageResourceInformation'], ['PragmaticUnit', 'DiscoursePhenomenon'], ['PragmaticUnit', 'DiscoursePhenomenon'], ['LexicalCategory', 'LexicalPhenomenon']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['West Germanic', 'Germanic', 'Indo-European languages', 'Language-related term']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Westgermanisch', 'Germanisch', 'Indoeuropäische Sprachen', 'Sprachbezeichner']
### BLL top node:
['LanguageRelatedTerm', 'LanguageResourceInformation', 'DiscoursePhenomenon', 'DiscoursePhenomenon', 'LexicalPhenomenon']
### DDC ID:
ddc:400
### Other subjects:
['Werbesprache']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
10914 | The "Heathen World" in Medieval German novels and epics of the 12.-14. centuries: Rolandslied, Herzog Ernst, Parzival, Willehalm, Reinfried von Braunschweig, Wilhelm von Oesterreich | deu | doc-type:doctoralThesis | [
"Die vorliegende Studie untersucht die Vorstellungen von der sogenannten „Heidenwelt“ in deutschen Romanen und Epen des Mittelalters – und kommt zu teilweise völlig neuen Ergebnissen, auch zu Wolfram von Eschenbach. Die als ebenso bedrohlich wie faszinierend empfundene Welt der „Heiden“ umfaßte die gesamte Welt jenseits der höfischen Zentren des selbst noch nicht gänzlich christianisierten Abendlandes und barg hohes Konfliktpotential. Sie begann bereits vor der Haustür, erstreckte sich über den Kreuzzugsraum, den Mittleren Osten, Äthiopien und Indien bis in Höllen und Himmelssphären.\r\nIch vergleiche die in Romanen und Epen genannten geo- und ethnographischen und zoologischen Begriffe sowohl mit dem gelehrten Wissen von Antike und Mittelalter, darunter die Werke Plinius‘, Solins und Isidors, als auch mit volkstümlichen Vorstellungen, etwa zu Wilden Leuten. Die Abhandlung bezieht sich auch auf zahlreiche weitere Werke jenseits der im Titel genannten Texte, vor allem die beliebten Alexanderromane, anhand derer das Publikum der Dichter geschult war. \r\nWeit über Namensregister hinausgehend zeige ich ursprüngliche Verbindungen, also die Hintergründe der in den Romanen stimmig verwendeten Termini, und neue Zusammenhänge und Entwicklungen auf. Ich beschreibe die Aufteilung des Mundus – Himmel, Höllen, Paradiese - und der Erde und bespreche Naturhistorie und ihre Verbindung zu den Mythen, philosophische Themen sowie Fragen nach Ressourcen, Handelsrouten, Reisewegen und Bündnispolitik. \r\nDie bisher oft als märchenhaft angesehenen Erzählungen der Kreuzzugszeit erweisen sich als kluge Stellungnahmen zu den wichtigsten Diskursen der Zeit. Diese wurden nicht nur an den theologisch gebundenen christlichen Universitäten geführt – die volkssprachigen Dichter machten sie einem größeren Publikum zugänglich, vertraten jedoch oftmals divergierende Ansichten, zuvorderst zur Einordnung und Behandlung der heidnischen Gegner: Sind es Wilde, Ungeheuer, Geister, gar Neutrale Engel, Dämonen - oder doch Menschen? \r\nNeue Erkenntnisse betreffen etwa Fragen nach der Erdgestalt (Kugel oder Scheibe?), die Vorstellung vom Weltgebirge ‚Kaukasus‘, Ernsts Grippia und die Antipoden, den Mongolensturm und den Priesterkönig Johannes (möglicher Retter des Abendlandes oder gar gefährlicher Heide?). Völlig neu ist die Analyse, Bewertung und Einordnung von Feirefiz‘ berühmtem Triumphkatalog in „Parzival“ Kap.770: Sie offenbart sich als eine geniale, die gesamte Heidenwelt in geographischer Ordnung und Kreisschluß beschreibende Aufzählung und Verbindung menschlicher Völker – nicht Monstren.",
"This study examines images of the “Heathen World” as depicted in a number of medieval German novels. Christians in Europe perceived this \"Heathen World\" not only as an existential threat but also as a colourful dream. The mentioned world was encountered outside the courtly centres of Middle Europe. It extended across Eurasia, the Near and Middle East and Africa. In fact it reached all the way up to Afghanistan and several Indies. It even included even skies, heavens, paradises, and hells.\r\n\r\nI take a look behind these settings which may neither be treated as purely fictitious nor be equated to specific, and modern, names of locations or peoples. This study, therefore, cites the terms and issues, along with their scientific and literary background. This has received inadequate attention in research, and pinpoints old and new connections. I present a new analysis and new results by comparing the numerous geographical, ethnographical and zoological terms used by the prominent German poets, such as Wolfram von Eschenbach, with reference to the learned knowledge of their time. This extends to the works of ancient philosophers such as Pliny, Solin and Isidor. It also reaches to folkloristic beliefs (for instance, the Wild Men) and to preceding sources such as Alexander-Romances. \r\n\r\nMy analysis of the poets’ ideas of the world, and of their \"heathen\" enemy in Crusaders’ times, encompasses concepts such as monsters, demons, human beings treated in a humane way. Compared to the relatively stable theological views discourse at medieval universities, the vernacular poetry often deals with controversial issues in vastly creative and divergent ways. This points out to developments such as to Mongols and Presbyter John of India, the \"heathens\" and the Wild Folk, the shape of the Earth and Antipodes in “Herzog Ernst,” and the images of the Caucasus, the important mountain range that hosts demons and gods. By examining these terms, it also aims to solve the notorious puzzle of Chapter 770 of Wolfram's von Eschenbach “Parzival”. This chapter reveals itself as a description of the world in a proper geographical order. Unlike “Rolandslied” (Song of Roland) Wolfram uses specific names to argue that the \"heathens\" are humans, not monsters."
] | ddc:437 | [
"Mittelhochdeutsch",
"Deutsch",
"Literatur",
"Heidentum <Motiv>"
] | [
"bllo:EvaluativeFeature",
"bllo:bll-133101002",
"bllo:bll-133120139",
"bllo:bll-197692737",
"bllo:bll-133070158",
"bllo:bll-133087697",
"bllo:bll-133073408",
"bllo:Human",
"bllo:bll-195090896",
"bllo:bll-133087697",
"bllo:bll-197692737",
"bllo:Even",
"bllo:bll-133089762"
] | [
[
"Evaluative feature",
"Bewertung"
],
[
"Hereafter",
"Jenseits"
],
[
"Reference",
"Referenz"
],
[
"Knowledge",
"Wissen"
],
[
"German",
"Deutsch"
],
[
"Time",
"Zeit"
],
[
"Number",
"Numerus"
],
[
"Human",
"Menschlich"
],
[
"Shape",
"Form"
],
[
"Time",
"Zeit"
],
[
"Knowledge",
"Wissen"
],
[
"Even",
"Even"
],
[
"War",
"Krieg"
]
] | [
[
"SemanticFeature",
"SemanticPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"SemanticRelation",
"SemanticPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"HumannessFeature",
"SemanticFeature",
"SemanticPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133088472",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Semantic feature",
"Semantisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Semantic phenomenon",
"Semantisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Semantic relation",
"Semantische Relation"
],
[
"Semantic phenomenon",
"Semantisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Humanness feature",
"Menschlichkeit"
],
[
"Semantic feature",
"Semantisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Semantic phenomenon",
"Semantisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Tungus",
"Tungusisch"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"SemanticPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"SemanticPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"SemanticPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
The "Heathen World" in Medieval German novels and epics of the 12.-14. centuries: Rolandslied, Herzog Ernst, Parzival, Willehalm, Reinfried von Braunschweig, Wilhelm von Oesterreich
### Abstract:
Die vorliegende Studie untersucht die Vorstellungen von der sogenannten „Heidenwelt“ in deutschen Romanen und Epen des Mittelalters – und kommt zu teilweise völlig neuen Ergebnissen, auch zu Wolfram von Eschenbach. Die als ebenso bedrohlich wie faszinierend empfundene Welt der „Heiden“ umfaßte die gesamte Welt jenseits der höfischen Zentren des selbst noch nicht gänzlich christianisierten Abendlandes und barg hohes Konfliktpotential. Sie begann bereits vor der Haustür, erstreckte sich über den Kreuzzugsraum, den Mittleren Osten, Äthiopien und Indien bis in Höllen und Himmelssphären.
Ich vergleiche die in Romanen und Epen genannten geo- und ethnographischen und zoologischen Begriffe sowohl mit dem gelehrten Wissen von Antike und Mittelalter, darunter die Werke Plinius‘, Solins und Isidors, als auch mit volkstümlichen Vorstellungen, etwa zu Wilden Leuten. Die Abhandlung bezieht sich auch auf zahlreiche weitere Werke jenseits der im Titel genannten Texte, vor allem die beliebten Alexanderromane, anhand derer das Publikum der Dichter geschult war.
Weit über Namensregister hinausgehend zeige ich ursprüngliche Verbindungen, also die Hintergründe der in den Romanen stimmig verwendeten Termini, und neue Zusammenhänge und Entwicklungen auf. Ich beschreibe die Aufteilung des Mundus – Himmel, Höllen, Paradiese - und der Erde und bespreche Naturhistorie und ihre Verbindung zu den Mythen, philosophische Themen sowie Fragen nach Ressourcen, Handelsrouten, Reisewegen und Bündnispolitik.
Die bisher oft als märchenhaft angesehenen Erzählungen der Kreuzzugszeit erweisen sich als kluge Stellungnahmen zu den wichtigsten Diskursen der Zeit. Diese wurden nicht nur an den theologisch gebundenen christlichen Universitäten geführt – die volkssprachigen Dichter machten sie einem größeren Publikum zugänglich, vertraten jedoch oftmals divergierende Ansichten, zuvorderst zur Einordnung und Behandlung der heidnischen Gegner: Sind es Wilde, Ungeheuer, Geister, gar Neutrale Engel, Dämonen - oder doch Menschen?
Neue Erkenntnisse betreffen etwa Fragen nach der Erdgestalt (Kugel oder Scheibe?), die Vorstellung vom Weltgebirge ‚Kaukasus‘, Ernsts Grippia und die Antipoden, den Mongolensturm und den Priesterkönig Johannes (möglicher Retter des Abendlandes oder gar gefährlicher Heide?). Völlig neu ist die Analyse, Bewertung und Einordnung von Feirefiz‘ berühmtem Triumphkatalog in „Parzival“ Kap.770: Sie offenbart sich als eine geniale, die gesamte Heidenwelt in geographischer Ordnung und Kreisschluß beschreibende Aufzählung und Verbindung menschlicher Völker – nicht Monstren. This study examines images of the “Heathen World” as depicted in a number of medieval German novels. Christians in Europe perceived this "Heathen World" not only as an existential threat but also as a colourful dream. The mentioned world was encountered outside the courtly centres of Middle Europe. It extended across Eurasia, the Near and Middle East and Africa. In fact it reached all the way up to Afghanistan and several Indies. It even included even skies, heavens, paradises, and hells.
I take a look behind these settings which may neither be treated as purely fictitious nor be equated to specific, and modern, names of locations or peoples. This study, therefore, cites the terms and issues, along with their scientific and literary background. This has received inadequate attention in research, and pinpoints old and new connections. I present a new analysis and new results by comparing the numerous geographical, ethnographical and zoological terms used by the prominent German poets, such as Wolfram von Eschenbach, with reference to the learned knowledge of their time. This extends to the works of ancient philosophers such as Pliny, Solin and Isidor. It also reaches to folkloristic beliefs (for instance, the Wild Men) and to preceding sources such as Alexander-Romances.
My analysis of the poets’ ideas of the world, and of their "heathen" enemy in Crusaders’ times, encompasses concepts such as monsters, demons, human beings treated in a humane way. Compared to the relatively stable theological views discourse at medieval universities, the vernacular poetry often deals with controversial issues in vastly creative and divergent ways. This points out to developments such as to Mongols and Presbyter John of India, the "heathens" and the Wild Folk, the shape of the Earth and Antipodes in “Herzog Ernst,” and the images of the Caucasus, the important mountain range that hosts demons and gods. By examining these terms, it also aims to solve the notorious puzzle of Chapter 770 of Wolfram's von Eschenbach “Parzival”. This chapter reveals itself as a description of the world in a proper geographical order. Unlike “Rolandslied” (Song of Roland) Wolfram uses specific names to argue that the "heathens" are humans, not monsters.
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:EvaluativeFeature', 'bllo:bll-133101002', 'bllo:bll-133120139', 'bllo:bll-197692737', 'bllo:bll-133070158', 'bllo:bll-133087697', 'bllo:bll-133073408', 'bllo:Human', 'bllo:bll-195090896', 'bllo:bll-133087697', 'bllo:bll-197692737', 'bllo:Even', 'bllo:bll-133089762']
### BLL class (en):
['Evaluative feature', 'Hereafter', 'Reference', 'Knowledge', 'German', 'Time', 'Number', 'Human', 'Shape', 'Time', 'Knowledge', 'Even', 'War']
### BLL class (de):
['Bewertung', 'Jenseits', 'Referenz', 'Wissen', 'Deutsch', 'Zeit', 'Numerus', 'Menschlich', 'Form', 'Zeit', 'Wissen', 'Even', 'Krieg']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['SemanticFeature', 'SemanticPhenomenon'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['SemanticRelation', 'SemanticPhenomenon'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['WestGermanic', 'bll-133070166', 'bll-133095894', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['HumannessFeature', 'SemanticFeature', 'SemanticPhenomenon'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon'], ['bll-133088472', 'LanguageRelatedTerm'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Semantic feature', 'Semantic phenomenon']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Semantisches Merkmal', 'Semantisches Phänomen']
### BLL top node:
['SemanticPhenomenon', 'LexicalPhenomenon', 'SemanticPhenomenon', 'LexicalPhenomenon', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'LexicalPhenomenon', 'SemanticPhenomenon', 'LexicalPhenomenon', 'LexicalPhenomenon', 'LexicalPhenomenon', 'LanguageRelatedTerm', 'LexicalPhenomenon']
### DDC ID:
ddc:437
### Other subjects:
['Mittelhochdeutsch', 'Deutsch', 'Literatur', 'Heidentum <Motiv>']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
11208 | Metaphors in ministerial question times in parliaments of the Commonwealth of Nations - a contrastive analysis in special consideration of pragmatic and intercultural aspects | deu | doc-type:doctoralThesis | [
"In demokratischen Regierungssystemen sind die Minister als Agenten der exekutiven Staatsgewalt gegenüber dem Parlament für ihre Handlungen verantwortlich. Die ministerielle Fragestunde ist hierbei ein gewichtiges Kontollinstrument und Gegenstand der vorliegenden kontrastiven Metaphernanalyse unter spezieller Berücksichtigung von pragmatischen und kulturellen Gesichtspunkten. Neben einer Diskussion und Kontextualisierung kognitiver Metapherntheorien wird vor allem im Rahmen einer Korpusanalyse festgestellt, welche Quelldomänen in diesem Diskursgenre quantitativ am häufigsten und qualitativ am bedeutsamsten für das zum Zeitpunkt der globalen Wirtschafts- und Finanzkrise relevante Makrotopik der Wirtschaftsrezession auftreten; außerdem welche interkulturellen Variationen und Konventionaliäten in den konzeptuellen Metaphern bestehen.",
"In the course of this contrastive metaphor analysis the metaphoric source domains in the parliamentary discourse of question time are qualitatively and quantitatively examined against the background of cognitive metaphor theories . A detailed original corpus analysis of three versions of question time reveals which intercultural variations and conventionalities exist in the assessed conceptual metaphors"
] | ddc:420 | [
"Englisch",
"Politische Sprache",
"Metapher",
"Commonwealth",
"Parlament",
"Fragestunde",
"Minister"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133088537",
"bllo:Corpus",
"bllo:bll-133087697"
] | [
[
"Metaphor",
"Metaphernlexikon"
],
[
"Corpus",
"Korpus"
],
[
"Time",
"Zeit"
]
] | [
[
"DictionaryTypeFeature",
"LanguageResourceFeature",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"LanguageResourceType",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
] |
### Act as:
Act as an expert linguist, who is familiar with the BLL (bibliography of linguistic literatures) and text processing.
### Task:
You are now tasked to identify terms of linguistic concepts in documents according to the database of the BLL ontology, an ontology of BLL concepts in hierarchical structure. Given the document title and abstract, assign a linguistic concept to all suitable terms in the document.
Annotate BLL concepts in JSON format based on document title, abstract and its class in the dewey decimal classification. You have been trained on a dataset of BLL annotated documents.
Use your knowledge to match new documents with BLL concepts as closely as possible to the style in the training dataset.
For each of the BLL ontology concepts, provide the name of the subject titles, its names and superclass or subclass subjects.
Make sure all the information you provide are as listed on the BLL knowledge base and label the linguistic terms as they would be assigned by an expert linguist.
### Title:
Metaphors in ministerial question times in parliaments of the Commonwealth of Nations - a contrastive analysis in special consideration of pragmatic and intercultural aspects
### Abstract:
In demokratischen Regierungssystemen sind die Minister als Agenten der exekutiven Staatsgewalt gegenüber dem Parlament für ihre Handlungen verantwortlich. Die ministerielle Fragestunde ist hierbei ein gewichtiges Kontollinstrument und Gegenstand der vorliegenden kontrastiven Metaphernanalyse unter spezieller Berücksichtigung von pragmatischen und kulturellen Gesichtspunkten. Neben einer Diskussion und Kontextualisierung kognitiver Metapherntheorien wird vor allem im Rahmen einer Korpusanalyse festgestellt, welche Quelldomänen in diesem Diskursgenre quantitativ am häufigsten und qualitativ am bedeutsamsten für das zum Zeitpunkt der globalen Wirtschafts- und Finanzkrise relevante Makrotopik der Wirtschaftsrezession auftreten; außerdem welche interkulturellen Variationen und Konventionaliäten in den konzeptuellen Metaphern bestehen. In the course of this contrastive metaphor analysis the metaphoric source domains in the parliamentary discourse of question time are qualitatively and quantitatively examined against the background of cognitive metaphor theories . A detailed original corpus analysis of three versions of question time reveals which intercultural variations and conventionalities exist in the assessed conceptual metaphors
### BLL class ID:
['bllo:bll-133088537', 'bllo:Corpus', 'bllo:bll-133087697']
### BLL class (en):
['Metaphor', 'Corpus', 'Time']
### BLL class (de):
['Metaphernlexikon', 'Korpus', 'Zeit']
### BLL superclass ID:
[['DictionaryTypeFeature', 'LanguageResourceFeature', 'LanguageResourceInformation'], ['LanguageResourceType', 'LanguageResourceInformation'], ['bll-133073661', 'LexicalPhenomenon']]
### BLL superclass literals (en):
['Lexical field', 'Lexical phenomenon']
### BLL superclass literals (de):
['Wortfeld', 'Lexikalisches Phänomen']
### BLL top node:
['LanguageResourceInformation', 'LanguageResourceInformation', 'LexicalPhenomenon']
### DDC ID:
ddc:420
### Other subjects:
['Englisch', 'Politische Sprache', 'Metapher', 'Commonwealth', 'Parlament', 'Fragestunde', 'Minister']
### Sample output format:
[
{
"Entity": "Chinese",
"Entity label": "bllo:bll-133085325",
"Entity literal": "Chinese",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE-RELATED TERM",
"Start_Pos": 105,
"End_Pos": 111
},
{
"Entity": "Slang",
"Entity label": "bll-133088324",
"Entity literal": "Slang",
"Label type": "LANGUAGE RESOURCE",
"Start_Pos": 132,
"End_Pos": 136
},
...
]
<|eot_id|> |
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