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of Representatives will now have to vote on the same reversal. This article will be updated once more information is known.
Update on June 11, 2018: With the House not having taken action, the FCC’s December repeal has gone into effect as of today. Congress could still pass the Congressional Review Act (CRA) and reinstate the law, but Republican control of the House and presidency makes it unlikely that it will pass. Read FCC chairman Ajit Pai’s statement on the repeal.
SEE: Net neutrality: All the details you need to know (free PDF) (TechRepublic)
- What is net neutrality? Net neutrality is the concept that all traffic on the internet should be treated equally, and that internet service providers (ISPs) should be prevented from taking any action to the contrary. Legal justification for net neutrality has been grounded in Title II of the Communications Act of 1934, which designates common carriers.
- Why does net neutrality matter? Net neutrality matters because it has the potential to shape the future of the internet, and with it our access to knowledge. Without net neutrality regulations the internet could become a throttled, restricted, and tightly controlled landscape where both consumers and content providers exist to enrich ISPs.
- Who does net neutrality affect? Net neutrality affects internet users, content providers, and internet service providers, and it does so in very different ways.
- When is net neutrality happening? Net neutrality has been an issue since the earliest days of the internet. The FCC Open Internet Order of 2010 has been the major sticking point in the past several years, as has the FCC’s passing of Title II Net Neutrality Rules in 2015. The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) passed an FCC repeal in December 2017, which took effect on June 11, 2018.
- How can I get involved in the net neutrality discussion? With net neutrality regulations officially repealed, the only remaining option is for Congress to pass the CRA. Contact your representative to ask them to vote yea or nay to the bill.
What is net neutrality?
To put it plainly, net neutrality is the ideal that all traffic on the internet–no matter what it is–deserves the same level of priority. Nothing can be throttled, given priority, blocked, or otherwise interfered with, which means it’s on internet service providers to treat traffic fairly. In order to ensure that they do, proponents say, the government needs to regulate the internet.
Without net neutrality regulations, proponents argue, there will be nothing to stop ISPs and cellular providers from limiting traffic from competitors, imposing a la carte pricing for access to fast lanes, or forcing companies (like Netflix) to pay more for more bandwidth.
The basis of legal justification for enforcing net neutrality has been the Communications Act of 1934, specifically Title II of that act, which defines the concept of “common carriers.”
According to the act, a common carrier is “any person engaged as a common carrier for hire, in interstate or foreign communication by wire or radio or in interstate or foreign radio transmission of energy…”. Essentially, Title II classification would mean that ISPs aren’t transmitting a proprietary product–internet traffic is a common, public service that companies deliver. UPS delivers packages that don’t belong to them in the same way that internet packets don’t belong to ISPs–they’re a product they deliver.
If Title II is enough justification to regulate ISPs then section 202 is what stops them from being able to throttle or prioritize traffic:
“It shall be unlawful for any common carrier to make any unjust or unreasonable discrimination in charges, practices, classifications, regulations, facilities, or services for or in connection with like communication service, directly or indirectly, by any means or device, or to make or give any undue or unreasonable preference or advantage to any particular person, class of persons, or locality, or to subject any particular person, class of persons, or locality to any undue or unreasonable prejudice or disadvantage.”
The other commonly argued basis for net neutrality comes from the Telecommunications Act of 1996, of which section 706 states:
“[Federal and state commissions] shall encourage the deployment on a reasonable and timely basis of advanced telecommunications capability to all Americans… by utilizing, in a manner consistent with the public interest, convenience, and necessity, price cap regulation, regulatory forbearance, measures that promote competition in the local telecommunications market, or other regulating methods that remove barriers to infrastructure investment.”
Section 706 makes a much softer argument for net neutrality that leaves a lot open to interpretation, however. That has made it more popular with ISPs and telecommunications companies, which generally oppose Title II classification.
- FCC’s Open Internet rules won’t end the net neutrality debate in the US (TechRepublic)
- Trump appoints Pai to head FCC and beat-down net neutrality (ZDNet)
- Meet the man John Oliver just called ‘doofy’ (CNET)
- European carriers threaten net neutrality with ad blocking (TechRepublic)
- Canada nixes unlimited music plan, in stand for net neutrality (CNET)
- Court upholds net neutrality rules on equal internet access (CBS News)
Why does net neutrality matter?
Further arguments against net neutrality have stated that a lack of regulation has worked fine, but that ignores several incidents of abuse where companies blocked traffic, throttled speeds, and made life difficult for consumers because the companies had invested in competitive tech.
That’s not the only example of companies granting preferential treatment–it continues to this day in the form of zero-rating, a practice in which ISPs refrain from charging customers for data use coming from certain sponsored applications. AT&T’s Sponsored Data is the perfect example of zero-rating, and it gives sponsored products a huge leg up over competitors. Why pay for data when this app won’t charge you?
Companies have a stake in protecting their investments, IP, and bottom line. If blocking a competitor or charging extra for a service can increase profits, companies are going to do so. It’s already happened and there’s no reason to assume it won’t continue.
- US Congress votes on FCC rules: Why your web history could be at risk (TechRepublic)
- Will Net Neutrality be undone? (The 3:59, Ep. 223) (CNET)
- Goodbye net neutrality… Now what? (TechRepublic)
- FCC chairman pitches net neutrality reform to Silicon Valley (CNET)
- The future of net neutrality is now a political waiting game (CBS News)
Who does net neutrality affect?
There isn’t a person, or organization, that uses the internet that isn’t affected by net neutrality. That said, how it affects consumers, ISPs, and content providers is quite different.
Consumers have already seen the effects of net neutrality, or a lack thereof, in cases like AT&T’s blocking of FaceTime calls. Net neutrality regulations would have prevented that case from ever occurring, and if it had, AT&T would have been faced with fines and other penalties.
Content providers could suffer greatly without net neutrality regulations. Netflix’s CEO Reed Hastings famously had a beef with Comcast, which zero-rated its Xfinity streaming app while leaving apps like Hulu, Netflix, and HBO Go’s bandwidth utilization in place.
ISPs, on the other hand, have been generally opposed to net neutrality. They argue it would hamper infrastructure investment and innovation, two common talking points surrounding government regulation. Comcast has stated that it doesn’t engage in throttling, preferential treatment, or zero-rating, yet previous examples in this article speak to the contrary. And just this January AT&T and Verizon were accused of violating net neutrality laws.
It’s all well and good for telecom companies and ISPs to say they protect net neutrality, but their records up until now have been anything but in line with their messages.
- A Trump presidency could mean trouble for net neutrality rules (TechRepublic)
- Federal court to revisit FTC’s throttling case against AT&T (ZDNet)
- Net neutrality solution may be a win-win for ISPs and users (TechRepublic)
- FCC chairman’s net neutrality fix: ‘Clinton-era light touch’ (CNET)
- Internet firms gear up for fight to keep “net neutrality” (CBS News)
- Zero rating poses a conundrum for net neutrality advocates around the world (TechRepublic)
When is net neutrality happening?
The term net neutrality has been around since 2003 when a paper published in the Journal of Telecommunications and High Technology Law outlined the concept along with describing instances of abuse by telecom companies in the years preceding it.
Since then a lot has happened with net neutrality. In 2004 the FCC outlined internet freedom guidelines in an attempt to control the internet without regulation, but by 2008 it was embroiled in a lawsuit with Comcast over the latter’s throttling of BitTorrent traffic.
In 2010 the FCC passed the FCC Open Internet Order, which codified net neutrality and placed restrictions on ISPs. By 2014 a case with Verizon hampered the FCC’s enforcement authority when the DC Circuit Court ruled in Verizon’s favor, saying that ISPs weren’t classified as common carriers.
Since then there has been a back and forth battle on classifying ISPs under Title II, or alternatively under section 706. The Trump administration’s pick to head the FCC, Ajit Pai, is an opponent of net neutrality and has backed the introduction of a bill before Congress to permanently restrict the FCC’s ability to enforce net neutrality. If passed it will likely be signed into law by President Trump.
The FCC passed a repeal of net neutrality on December 14, 2017, that was challenged in the Senate by the CRA, the passing of which would override the FCC’s decision. The CRA passed in the Senate and went to the House, which did not schedule a vote on the bill prior to the repeal going into effect on June 11, 2018.
- Trump’s FCC announces plans to kill net neutrality (ZDNet)
- FCC gets more than 10 million comments on net neutrality (CNET)
- Facebook pits free internet in India against net neutrality (TechRepublic)
- FCC says DDOS attacks, not net neutrality comments, tied up comments system (ZDNet)
- CIO Jury: More than 50% of CIOs say new US president will impact the future of tech (TechRepublic)
- FCC chairman launches process to reverse net neutrality rules (ZDNet)
- Internet giants roar back against net neutrality teardown (CNET)
How can I get involved in the net neutrality discussion?
With net neutrality laws officially being rolled back as of June 11, 2018, the power to restore net neutrality lies in the hands of the FCC under a democratic president or the passing of the CRA by the House.
That said, the only way to have an effect on the passing, or not passing, of the CRA is to contact your representative and voice your opinion.
Whether you value net neutrality or not this is a major topic and could determine the future of the internet. Make your voice heard.
- Net neutrality redux: The battle for an open net continues (CNET)
- Anti-net neutrality spammers are flooding FCC’s pages with fake comments (ZDNet)
- FCC’s feedback pages are being flooded by bots (CNET)
- Major internet lobbying group urges FCC to keep net neutrality rules (ZDNet)
- John Oliver fans flood FCC website in fight for net neutrality (CBS News)Deschutes County entered the 1930s with 14,749 residents. Not surprisingly, The Great Depression slowed growth in the county, and even halted Deschutes Library’s plan for the first permanent Bend Library building.
Designed by Portland architect A. E. Doyle in 1929, local architect Hugh Thompson redesigned the building to use wood instead of brick to save money, and grants from the Federal Public Works Administration saved the project. The library finally had a permanent home in the spring of 1939. The original library building today serves as the administration building for the library district. It is listed with the National Register of Historic Places and is one of few surviving examples of the Oregon Rustic or National Park Style.
Also in 1939, the Redmond Library received its first permanent home: an 800-square-foot corner of the new City Hall at 6th and Evergreen. Until that time, the library had moved between various tents and rented rooms in Redmond. The Sisters Civic Club also decided it was time to build a proper library in Sisters. The women of the Sisters Civic Club raised funds for construction through card parties and cake walks. Local men donated their labor to construct a 14 x 20 foot building with lumber from the mills, and the Sisters Library officially opened on January 27, 1939.
Despite the Depression, or perhaps inspired by it, major icons of Deschutes history were born in this decade. In 1931, the first Pet Parade was held; in 1933, the Bend Chamber of Commerce brought to life the first Bend Water Pageant; and in 1936 Maren Gribskov and Martha Bechen established and opened the doors of The Pine Tavern. Connections to the wider region were also made in this decade, with construction on a road from Sisters to the summit of Santiam, passing by Suttle Lake, beginning in 1931. By 1936, Santiam Highway provided a modern paved route across the pass to replace the old Santiam Wagon Road.
By 1940, the county population grew to 18,631, with 10,021 and 1,876 in Bend and Redmond.男子伙同按摩女用药物迷倒顾客抢劫
舒方刚伙同做按摩女的女友唐辉，在顾客的咖啡内放入安眠药，待顾客睡着后，伺机盗窃财物。此后，两人又借对方着急要回财物之机，勒索2万元赎金。唐辉在案发后即被抓获，并被判处有期徒刑8年。昨天获悉，舒方刚在逃三年后落，并因抢劫罪和敲诈勒索罪，被市一中院判处有期徒刑8年。
2006年11月初，唐辉在给人做按摩时，认识了60岁的何先生。因想从何先生身上多弄点钱，唐辉便和男友舒方刚商量，决定给何先生下药。
2006年11月5日夜里11点多
<运车公司img src="http://www.agncqnbm.net/u无粘结钢绞线ploads/20171213/zzpic7886.jpg">，唐辉在永兴花园饭店的豪华套间内，让何先生喝下事先放有安眠药的咖啡。待何先生昏睡后，她将对方随身携带的3580元现金和笔记本电脑、及手表拿走。当时，唐辉还给何先生留下一张纸条，称对不起，我是不得已的，我妈妈不能等了。次日下午，唐辉又给何先生打，称可以将电脑还给他，但要2万元的赎金。何先生同意了，并让儿子带着钱从唐辉和舒方刚手中赎回了电脑。
不久后，唐辉被警方抓获，并被判处有期徒刑8年，罚金办公家具厂家8000元。当时，舒方刚逃回湖南老家，在听说唐辉被抓后，他做了假身份证，隐姓埋名。
2009年12月28日夜里11点多，舒方刚在一家酒店内打架闹事被当地警方抓获。舒方刚当时自称叫谢吉夏，警方经过调查发现其身份证有假，舒方刚最终交代真实身份，并表示曾在北京实施抢劫，是北京警方上通缉的逃犯天津公墓。
法院认为，因舒方刚在接受公安机关盘查时，能主动坦白抢劫事实，所以可对他从轻处罚，最终以抢劫罪和敲诈勒索罪，数罪并罚判处他有期徒刑8年，罚金1万元。جانباز آفریقای جنوبی pacer Dale Steyn مطمئن نیستید که آیا T20 جام جهانی برنامه ریزی شده را در استرالیا در ماه اکتبر برگزار خواهد شد یا نه در میان coronavirus شیوع در جهان است.
Steyn انجام شد یک #AskDale جلسه در توییتر و یک فن به پایان رسید تا درخواست در مورد افکار خود را روی قریب الوقوع ICC مسابقات اواخر این سال است.
“است که آن را حتی تو اتفاق می افتد؟” Steyn پاسخ داد.
استرالیا همه طفیلی Glenn Maxwell کرده بود گفت: یک موکول Indian Premier League (IPL) را می توان پشت درهای بسته انجام شده اما آن را نمی خواهد بود آسان به یک T20 جام جهانی بدون فن.
“… آن را به سخت را برای ما به جمعیت. من فکر می کنم اگر لیگ پیش می رود آنها احتمالا می تواند زنده ماندن بدون هیچ گونه جمعیت, اما من نمی توانید ببینید T20 جام جهانی باقی مانده بدون هیچ مردم وجود دارد” ماکسول گفت wta.
“آن را به سخت را برای ما توجیه داشتن یک جام جهانی که ما نمی توانیم مردم را به این زمینه. بنابراین من می توانید ببینید این اتفاق می افتد در آینده نزدیک. ما باید به مراقبت از همه سلامت و تندرستی است.”
Steyn نیز خواسته شد به نام بهترین مورد او دگرگون به خود را در طول نامی حرفه ای.
“همه آنها خوب ای! Ponting شد نخست, Sachin یک دیوار Dravid گیل, KP همه آنها خیلی خوب!” او گفت:.
Steyn نیز گفت: او را هفت برابر هند در ناگپور و شش-حمل و نقل چوگان در برابر پاکستان در Wanderers باقی می ماند یکی از بهترین بازی بولینگ جادوها.
“ناگپور (7 برابر هند) و بولتون (6 برابر پاکستان)” او در پاسخ به یکی دیگر از فن سوال.
در این 36 سال نیز گفت: او حد عالی رساندن مهارت های پخت و پز خود را در طول این مستند در آفریقای جنوبی.
Steyn همچنین برداشت اول خود را تست چوگان به عنوان یکی از به یاد ماندنی ترین.
“یکی از اولین من من حدس می زنم من همیشه فقط به یاد داشته باشید آن را پس از آن برنده است. “من عاشق بازی بولینگ رودخانه زمانی که او در سمت چپ توپ را اغلب آن را از یک مجموعه تا من لذت می برد که من اغلب احمقانه برنامه به پایان رسید تا کار,” او اضافه شده است.
همچنین بخوانید: کتوژنیک رژیم غذایی خوب
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causes of suffering. Each has to be addressed in the provision of comprehensive palliative care, making a multidisciplinary team approach to care a necessity.
Treatment of pain and physical symptoms are addressed first because it is not possible to deal with the psychosocial aspects of care if the patient has unrelieved pain or other distressing physical symptoms.
The various causes of suffering are interdependent and unrecognised or unresolved problems relating to one cause may cause or exacerbate other aspects of suffering
Pain and psychological suffering area inter-related
- Unrelieved pain can cause or aggravate psychosocial problems These psychosocial components of suffering cannot be treated successfully until the pain is relieved
- Pain may be aggravated by unrecognised or untreated psychosocial problems. No amount of well prescribed analgesia will relieve the patient’s pain until the psychosocial problems are addressed
A multidisciplinary/team approach to assessment and treatment is mandatory
- Failure to do this often results in unrelieved pain and unrelieved psychosocial suffering. No one professional can deal with the many problems encountered in palliative care. An integrated team is essential.
Multidisciplinary and Inter professional Teams
Successful palliative care requires attention to all aspects of a patient’s suffering. This requires input or assistance from a range of medical, nursing and allied health personnel—a multidisciplinary approach.
Established palliative care services work as a multidisciplinary or inter professional team
- multidisciplinary is the term that used to be applied to palliative care teams, but if the individuals work independently and there are no regular team meetings, patient care may become fragmented and conflicting information given to patients and families
- inter professional is the term now used for teams that meet on a regular basis to discuss patient care and develop a unified plan of management for each patient, and provide support for other members of the team
- Where palliative care services have not yet been established, it is important for the few professionals providing such care to work as a team, meeting regularly, planning and reviewing care, and supporting each other.
The patient may be considered a ‘member’ of the team (although they do not participate in team meetings), as all treatment must be with their consent, understanding and in accordance with their wishes.
The members of the patient’s family can be considered ‘members’, as they have an important role in the patient’s overall care and their opinions should be included when formulating a plan of management, then fully explained to them.
Volunteers play an important role in many palliative care services. They receive no pay but may be offered expenses. They work in reception, coffee rooms, library, appeals office, flower arranging, Day Unit, transport, charity shops but in most units do not perform ‘hand-on’ role with patients. They work under the direction of a Volunteer Service Manager, a salaried member of the staff.
The ideal core multidisciplinary clinical team consists of:
- Nurses (for both in-patient care and community care)
- Social Worker
- Occupational Therapist
- Chaplain or Pastoral care worker
Very useful, but not essential, are:
- Clinical Psychologist (or visiting liaison psychiatrist)
- Clinical pharmacist
- Music and/or Art TherapistThe dangers of the buffalo hunt by Native Americans in their quest for survival. The wounded bison charges and gores the horse as the rider attempts to hold his ground.
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CHIEF LITTLE SHIELD
Chief of the Northern Arapaho, his image has always been associated with the Plains Hotel in Cheyenne, Wyoming.
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CHIEF BLACK EAGLE
To the Native American, the earth symbolizes life, which was theirs to share, but never to own.
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A cowboy’s nightmare, namely a rodeo bull with a cowboy hat crushed under his front hoof and his harness and bell scattered on the ground, with the cowboy nowhere to be seen.
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THE FIRST SNOWFALL
Change is in the air, and the gathering of fire wood marks the beginning of the long winter nights.
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Defiant to the end. Wearing his glittering weapon’s belt decorated with silver conchos, some of them hammered from Mexican and U.S. coins.
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Chief of the Algonquin Nation, respected and revered for the ingenuity and cunning attributed to the grey fox.
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THE THINGS HE KNOWS
A Navajo elder revisiting the memories of his past. His knowledge of past generations is invaluable to his people.
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HAPPIER TIMES – Sold Out
Blackfoot of the Horn Society. When was the last time you saw a Native American with a smile on his face?
INTO THE NEW FRONTIER
A mountain man in his quest of the new world.
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A young mother, moments after giving birth.
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Mule skinners were those who mastered the skills needed to handle mule teams, which were among the first to carry freight into the new frontier.
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ON SACRED GROUND
To the Native American the Earth symbolized life, which was theirs to share but never to own.
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OURS NO MORE
To the Native Americans, there was that point when they realized their way of life was never to be the same.
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A shy Hopi maiden lost in thought.
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Chosen to lead the herd
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A Native American bison hunt required skill, strength and courage
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The golden eagle is sacred to the Native American as the messenger between Heaven and Earth.
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SON OF BUFFALO SOLDIER
A Mandan warrior, whose father was a Buffalo Soldier.
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A Navajo elder rises from the cliff dwellings of the Mesa Verde to retell the history of his people.
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Two massive bulls fighting for dominance of their domain.
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THE LAST SUNRISE
A Pawnee warrior ready to stand his ground for what will become the last time.
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TRAIL OF THE IRON HORSE
The distant whistle of the smoking iron horse, crossing the ancient buffalo trails, marked the end of an era and the beginning of a new frontier.
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Winters in the wilderness posed additional challenges for the mountain men of the frontier. Expecting trouble he draws his rifle from its leather sheath.
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A U.S. Buffalo Soldier
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A Blackfoot shaman, summoned in a dream, is called up to bless and assure victory to whatever awaits his seeker.
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Four Hopi maidens enjoying themselves at the village well.
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WINDS OF CHANGE
Chief Washakie of the Shoshone nation, reflecting on the life of his people that will forever be changed.
37″ H x 15″ W x 7″ D
An elderly Hopi woman on a familiar trail.
23″ H x 13″ W x 10″ DThis section details the many different ways of creating light in Unity.
A point light is located at a point in space and sends light out in all directions equally. The direction of light hitting a surface is the line from the point of contact back to the center of the light object. The intensity diminishes with distance from the light, reaching zero at a specified range. Light intensity is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from the source. This is known as ‘inverse square law’ and is similar to how light behaves in the real world.
Point lights are useful for simulating lamps and other local sources of light in a sceneA Scene contains the environments and menus of your game. Think of each unique Scene file as a unique level. In each Scene, you place your environments, obstacles, and decorations, essentially designing and building your game in pieces. More info
See in Glossary. You can also use them to make a spark or explosion illuminate its surroundings in a convincing way.
Like a point light, a spot light has a specified location and range over which the light falls off. However, the spot light is constrained to an angle, resulting in a cone-shaped region of illumination. The center of the cone points in the forward (Z) direction of the light object. Light also diminishes at the edges of the spot light’s cone. Widening the angle increases the width of the cone and with it increases the size of this fade, known as the ‘penumbra’.
Spot lights are generally used for artificial light sources such as flashlights, car headlights and searchlights. With the direction controlled from a script or animation, a moving spot light will illuminate just a small area of the scene and create dramatic lighting effects.
Directional lights are very useful for creating effects such as sunlight in your scenes. Behaving in many ways like the sun, directional lights can be thought of as distant light sources which exist infinitely far away. A directional light does not have any identifiable source position and so the light object can be placed anywhere in the scene. All objects in the scene are illuminated as if the light is always from the same direction. The distance of the light from the target object is not defined and so the light does not diminish.
Directional lights represent large, distant sources that come from a position outside the range of the game world. In a realistic scene, they can be used to simulate the sun or moon. In an abstract game world, they can be a useful way to add convincing shading to objects without exactly specifying where the light is coming from.
By default, every new Unity scene contains a Directional Light. In Unity 5, this is linked to the procedural sky system defined in the Environment Lighting section of the Lighting Panel (Lighting>Scene>Skybox). You can change this behaviour by deleting the default Directional Light and creating a new light or simply by specifying a different GameObject from the ‘Sun’ parameter (Lighting>Scene>Sun).
Rotating the default Directional Light (or ‘Sun’) causes the ‘SkyboxA special type of Material used to represent skies. Usually six-sided. More info
See in Glossary’ to update. With the light angled to the side, parallel to the ground, sunset effects can be achieved. Additionally, pointing the light upwards causes the sky to turn black, as if it were nighttime. With the light angled from above, the sky will resemble daylight. If the Skybox is selected as the ambient source, Ambient Lighting will change in relation to these colors.
An Area Light is defined by a rectangle in space. Light is emitted in all directions uniformly across their surface area, but only from one side of the rectangle. There is no manual control for the range of an Area Light, however intensity will diminish at inverse square of the distance as it travels away from the source. Since the lighting calculation is quite processor-intensive, area lights are not available at runtime and can only be baked into lightmaps.
Since an area light illuminates an object from several different directions at once, the shading tends to be more soft and subtle than the other light types. You might use it to create a realistic street light or a bank of lights close to the player. A small area light can simulate smaller sources of light (such as interior house lighting) but with a more realistic effect than a point light.
Like area lights, emissive materials emit light across their surface area. They contribute to bounced light in your scene and associated properties such as color and intensity can be changed during gameplay. Whilst area lights are not supported by Precomputed Realtime GI, similar soft lighting effects in realtime are still possible using emissive materials.
‘Emission’ is a property of the Standard ShaderA built-in shader for rendering real-world objects such as stone, wood, glass, plastic and metal. Supports a wide range of shader types and combinations. More info
See in Glossary which allows static objects in our scene to emit light. By default the value of ‘Emission’ is set to zero. This means no light will be emitted by objects assigned materials using the Standard Shader.
There is no range value for emissive materials but light emitted will again falloff at a quadratic rate. Emission will only be received by objects marked as ‘Static’ or “LightmapA pre-rendered texture that contains the effects of light sources on static objects in the scene. Lightmaps are overlaid on top of scene geometry to create the effect of lighting. More info
See in Glossary Static’ from the InspectorA Unity window that displays information about the currently selected GameObject, Asset or Project Settings, alowing you to inspect and edit the values. More info
See in Glossary. Similarly, emissive materials applied to non-static, or dynamic geometry such as characters will not contribute to scene lighting.
However, materials with an emission above zero will still appear to glow brightly on-screen even if they are not contributing to scene lighting. This effect can also be produced by selecting ‘None’ from the Standard ShaderA small script that contains the mathematical calculations and algorithms for calculating the Color of each pixel rendered, based on the lighting input and the Material configuration. More info
See in Glossary’s ‘Global Illumination’ Inspector property. Self-illuminating materials like these are a useful way to create effects such as neons or other visible light sources.
Emissive materials only directly affect static geometry in your scene. If you need dynamic, or non-static geometry - such as characters, to pick up light from emissive materials, Light ProbesLight probes store information about how light passes through space in your scene. A collection of light probes arranged within a given space can improve lighting on moving objects and static LOD scenery within that space. More info
See in Glossary must be used.
Ambient light is light that is present all around the scene and doesn’t come from any specific source object. It can be an important contributor to the overall look and brightness of a scene.
Ambient light can be useful in a number of cases, depending upon your chosen art style. An example would be bright, cartoon-style renderingThe process of drawing graphics to the screen (or to a render texture). By default, the main camera in Unity renders its view to the screen. More info
See in Glossary where dark shadows may be undesirable or where lighting is perhaps hand-painted into textures. Ambient light can also be useful if you need to increase the overall brightness of a scene without adjusting individual lights.
Ambient light settings can be found in the Lighting window.
Did you find this page useful? Please give it a rating:Jefferson: The Educator NEH Presentation Series at LSC-CyFair April 17, 2012 Robert O’Brien Professor of History
Jefferson (1743-1826) Overview1743 – born in Albemarle County, at Shadwell, a plantation in Virginia. HMdb.org
Jefferson Overview (1748-1762)• His Education – 1748-1752, private tutors – 1752-1757, boarding school – 1760-1762, attended William & Mary WM.edu
Jefferson Overview (1762-1776)• 1762-67 – studied law under George Wythe.• 1769-76 – member of House of Burgesses for Albemarle County.• 1772 – married Martha Wayles Skelton.
Jefferson Overview (1774-1779)• 1774 – wrote A Summary View of the Rights of British America.• 1775 – elected as a delegate to second Continental Congress.• 1776 – wrote Declaration of Independence.• 1776-79 – served in the Virginia House of Delegates. Wrote important bills on public education and religious freedom.• 1779 – elected governor of Virginia and served for two years. LOC.gov
Jefferson Overview (1781-1789)• 1781-1787 – wrote Notes on the State of Virginia.• 1782 – Martha Jefferson died.• 1783-1784 – Virginia delegate to the Congress under the Articles of Confederation.• 1784-1789 – lived in Europe, serving as minister to France.
Jefferson Overview (1789-1808)• 1789 – French Revolution started. Jefferson returned to U.S.• 1790-1793 – served as Washingtons Secretary of State and rivalry with Alexander Hamilton started.• 1796 – ran for president, but finished second so became vice president to John Adams.• 1800-1801 – Election of 1800 resulted in a tie between Jefferson and Burr; House picked Jefferson.• 1803 – Louisiana Purchase made.• 1804-1806 – Lewis and Clark explored West.• 1804 – reelected president.
Jefferson Overview (1809-1826)• 1809 – Jefferson retired from political life.• 1812 – Correspondence with John Adams resumed.• 1812-1814 – War of 1812 fought against Great Britain.• 1817-1825 – Jefferson created University of Virginia.• 1826 – Jefferson died on July 4.
Jefferson as the Educator• Public Education• Library of Congress• University of Virginia
Jefferson and Public Education• Who is influencing Jefferson and other founders?• What was the mindset of upper class colonists?• Increasing the stakeholders• "Consent of the governed”• Role of citizen and education• How do you create schools?
Jefferson and Public Education• Wrote Bill for More General Diffusion of Knowledge in 1779:At every of those schools shall be taught reading, writing, andcommon arithmetick, and the books which shall be used thereinfor instructing the children to read shall be such as will at thesame time make them acquainted with Græcian, Roman, English,and American history. At these schools all the free children, maleand female, resident within the respective hundred, shall beintitled to receive tuition gratis, for the term of three years, andas much longer
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persons consuming locally grown produce.
Materials and Methods
We recruited a convenience sample of 31 residents living in Imperial County, California, from attendees of a community meeting related to local environmental concerns. Written informed consent was obtained from each participant. Adult residents who consumed local produce were eligible to participate. We designed a short questionnaire to elicit information on participants' demographic and personal characteristics (e.g., gender, age, weight, and height), smoking history, primary source of drinking water, water filter use in the home, water consumption, and source of produce. We also asked participants to complete a 24-hr dietary recall and a food diary to be completed for the 24-hr study period. All materials were available in Spanish and English. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants. All human subject protocols were approved by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's institutional review board. Participants received their individual results from the laboratory tests of urine, produce, and water and were also provided materials to help interpret the results. Group findings were presented at a participant meeting, and a local clinician was available for consultation with participants for any health concerns related to the study.
In addition, participants were asked to collect samples of all drinking water and all local produce consumed during a 24-hr period. Study staff provided standardized containers to participants for collection of all samples. Participants were instructed to collect approximately 2 ounces of each produce sample in a plastic bag. Produce samples were stored in participants' freezers until collected by study staff. Participants were also instructed to collect a 24-hr urine specimen, beginning after the last void of the day. Urine was chilled in coolers or participants' refrigerators during sample collection and transported in coolers by study staff. Total urine volume was measured volumetrically and recorded for each study participant. Urine sample aliquots (5 mL) were removed from the vessels storing the 24-hr urine samples, transferred to Cryovials®, and stored at −20°C at the Imperial County Public Health Laboratory until shipped to CDC on dry ice. Produce samples were shipped to the CDPH FDLB, and water samples were analyzed by the DTSC.
Water samples were analyzed to detect perchlorate by using EPA method 6850 (liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry) with a detection limit of 1 µg/L. Perchlorate was resolved by high-performance liquid chromatography from the sample matrix, ionized by using negative electrospray ionization, and partially fragmented by mass spectrometry (MS). Perchlorate was further fragmented into daughter ions upon collision with an inert gas and detected by tandem MS using mass-to-charge (m/z) ratios 83 (-ClO3), 85(-37ClO3) and 89(-Cl18O3) . Quantitation and identification of perchlorate were performed by comparing the ratios of the primary perchlorate mass transitions to internal standard mass transitions and by using retention times. Upon positive detection, 2 samples were further analyzed to confirm accuracy and precision. Samples were transferred to a clean centrifuge tube and evaporated to dryness under a stream of nitrogen at 70°C. The samples were then resuspended in 1.0 mL of deionized water.
Produce was analyzed for perchlorate by using ion chromatography-tandem MS . The produce was chopped with a food processor (Robot Coupe USA, Inc., Jackson, MS, USA) until the matrix was homogeneous. A portion of chopped produce (10 g) was transferred to a 50 mL polypropylene tube, and 100 µL of 3.0 µg/mL (300 ng) labeled internal standard was added. This material was acidified by addition of 20 mL of 1% (vol/vol) sodium hydroxide acetic acid, hand-shaken for 2 minutes and centrifuged at 2000 rpm for 15 minutes. Supernatant (5 mL) was passed through a 500 mg–6 mL Supelclean™ ENVI-Carb™ cartridge (Sigma-Aldrich, Milwaukee, WI, USA) preconditioned with 6 mL of water by applying vacuum such that the flow rate was approximately 100 µL/second. This extract was filtered through a 0.20 µm PTFE filter and analyzed by ion chromatography-tandem MS using a Waters Quattro micro™ API triple-quad mass spectrometer operating in negative ion multiple reaction monitoring mode. The m/z transition from 99 to 83 was primary for quantitating perchlorate, and the m/z transition of 101 to 85 was confirmatory. 18O4-labeled sodium perchlorate (ICON Services, Inc., Summit, NJ, USA) served as internal standard for monitoring the m/z transitions from 107 to 89 and 109 to 91 for quantitation and confirmation, respectively. The limit of quantitation was 1 ng/g. All produce results were reported using the wet weight of the edible portion of produce.
Perchlorate and related anions (thiocyanate, nitrate, and iodide) were measured in urine by ion chromatography-tandem MS . Analytes were quantified on the basis of the peak area ratio of mass transitions for analyte to stable isotope-labeled internal standard. Method detection limits were 0.05 µg/L, 0.50 µg/L, 10 µg/L, and 500 µg/L, for perchlorate, iodide, thiocyanate, and nitrate, respectively. Analytic accuracy and precision were tested by concurrent analysis of quality control materials in the same analysis batch as the unknown specimen. Reported results met the accuracy and precision specifications of the quality control and quality assurance program of the Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, CDC . All analytes were detected in all samples with the exception of 4 urine samples that did not contain measurable levels of nitrate; nitrate levels in these two samples were assigned an imputed value of half the detection limit for calculating the geometric mean of the distribution.
Urinary creatinine concentrations were determined by using an automated colorimetric method on a Roche/Hitachi Modular Analytics SWA system (Roche Diagnostics Corp., IN, USA). Creatinine excretion rate (g/24-hr) was calculated by multiplying measured urinary creatinine concentration by the total volume of 24-hr urine collected. The calculated 24-hr creatinine excretion rate was then compared with expected 24-hr creatinine excretion rate based on the study participant age, sex, height, and weight , , according to a formula in which k = 1.93 for males and 1.64 for females:We computed perchlorate dose in urine by multiplying the perchlorate concentration by the 24-hr urine volume and dividing the product by body weight (µg/kg/day). Total iodine intake was estimated by multiplying urine iodide concentration by 24-hr urine volume.
Final perchlorate doses were compared to the U.S. EPA Reference Dose of 0.70 µg/kg/day . We also compared measured perchlorate doses with an “acceptable daily dose” computed based on the current methodology of the California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA) (C. Steinmaus, personal communication). In its Public Health Goal for Perchlorate, the OEHHA computed the health-protective water concentration for perchlorate as follows:In this formula, BMDL = the lower limit of a one-sided 95% CI of a perchlorate dose that reduces mean thyroidal iodine uptake by 5%; RSC = relative source contribution; BW/WC = the ratio of body weight to tap water consumption rate; and UF = an uncertainty factor of 10 to account for sensitive populations such as pregnant women and infants. Using current OEHHA methodology, we computed an acceptable daily dose (ADD) as follows:Survey questionnaire data were double-entered into Excel speadsheets (Excel version 2003, SP3, Microsoft, Redmond, WA, USA) and then imported into SAS for analysis (SAS version 9.1.3., SAS Institute, Inc., Cary, NC, USA). We calculated geometric means and CIs for perchlorate, nitrate, thiocyanate, and total iodine intake. For each person, perchlorate concentration was summed for all produce sampled. Total number of servings of dairy products (i.e., milk, yogurt, and ice cream) was also summed for each person. We used the nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis test to compare levels of perchlorate dose by total dairy servings and perchlorate concentration in produce . The perchlorate dose was log-normally distributed, so total servings of dairy and total concentration of perchlorate in produce were regressed on the log-normal perchlorate dose in linear regression models.
The age of participants ranged from 18 to 88, with an average of 41.1 years (Table 1). Among participants, 22.6% had no high school education, 12.9% were high school graduates, and 12.9% had at least a college degree. Almost all (97%) participants were Hispanic, except for 1 non-Hispanic white. Eighty-one percent of participants elected to have the interview conducted in Spanish. Sixty-five percent of the participants were female, none of whom reported being pregnant at the time of the interview. Seventy-five percent of the women were of reproductive age (ages 15–49). Only 1 participant reported being a tobacco smoker. Two respondents reported working in agriculture. When asked to identify the primary source of drinking water in the home, 36% of participants reported bottled water, 23% reported tap water, and the remaining respondents reported various sources, such as well water, delivery truck, and grocery store dispensers. Forty-five percent of participants consumed <25% of their water away from home. Total dairy consumption averaged 1.05 servings per person per day, with a range of 0–5 servings.
Water and Produce Perchlorate Results
Results of water confirmation analyses showed consistency with original, primary sample results. Additionally, method blanks, method standard recoveries, and sample duplicate analyses' results were all within accepted control limits and percentages. Only 2 of 68 water samples had detectable levels of perchlorate (2.4 and 2.5 µg/L perchlorate), both of which were less than half the California regulatory standard of 6 µg/L. Perchlorate levels in the 79 produce samples ranged from nondetectable to 1816 ppb (ng of perchlorate per g of net weight of edible portion) (Table 2). The highest perchlorate levels were detected in nopales (cactus) (maximum of 1398 ppb) and quelites (Mexican greens) (2 samples tested, with levels of 1720 and 1816 ppb, respectively). Many produce categories, such as lettuce, broccoli, grapefruit, tomatoes, watermelon, and corn, had perchlorate levels ≤4 ppb. For 14 samples with perchlorate levels falling below the detection limit, we used an imputed value of half the detection limit. The mean perchlorate level of all produce was 80.8 ppb. Most produce types had too few samples per type to compute a representative average. Among those persons who provided produce (n = 24), the mean perchlorate level in their produce was 266 ppb per person. Produce perchlorate levels were in the range of similar kinds of produce tested by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in nationally representative samples, except for celery and cucumbers, which were higher in our samples, and tomatoes and watermelon, which were lower (Table 2).
The 24-hr creatinine output was normally distributed with a mean of 1.33 g/day (SD = 0.494 g/day). The 24-hr creatinine output was compared with the predicted 24-hr creatinine output to evaluate completeness of urine collection. The average ratio of measured-to-predicted 24-hr creatinine was 1.03, indicating good compliance of the study participants for collecting all urine within the defined 24-hr study period.
Perchlorate concentrations in urine ranged from1.08 µg/L to 32.2 µg/L, with a geometric mean of 6.44 µg/L (Table 3). The 24-hr perchlorate dose in urine ranged from 0.02 to 0.51 µg/kg of body weight/day. The geometric mean perchlorate dose for study participants was 0.11 µg/kg/day (95% CI, 0.08–0.15). Perchlorate concentrations and doses were higher in the Imperial Valley study participants compared to reference values from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).
The geometric means for urine levels of thiocyanate and nitrate were 816 and 21,800 µg/g creatinine, respectively, compared to geometric means for the general U. S. population of 1500 and 44,500 µg/g creatinine based on data from NHANES 2001–2002 (Blount, unpublished data). The geometric mean for daily iodine intake was 158 µg/day, which is slightly higher than the Recommended Daily Intake (RDI, 150 µg/day) established by the U.S. FDA . Eighteen participants, including 10 of the 15 women of reproductive age, had daily iodine intakes below 150 µg/day.
When stratifying perchlorate dose by total dairy servings, geometric means of perchlorate dose increased with increasing dairy consumption (Figure 2) (nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis test, p = 0.24). In a linear regression model on log perchlorate dose, each serving of dairy products was associated with a 24% increase in urine perchlorate levels (p = 0.04; r2 = 0.14). Perchlorate dose in urine showed a similar increase with categories of perchlorate concentration (using natural breaks in perchlorate distribution) in consumed produce (Figure 3) (nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis test, p = 0.03). Each 10 ppb of perchlorate in produce was associated with a 1% increase in log perchlorate dose (p = 0.09; r2 = 0.13).
In this study of perchlorate exposure among Imperial County residents, we found perchlorate exposure doses that were, on average, 70% higher than the NHANES U.S. reference population (Table 3). Although all study participants had measurable perchlorate levels in their urine, none of the exposure doses exceeded the U.S. EPA reference dose of 0.70 µg/kg/day. We also compared perchlorate exposure estimates with the acceptable daily dose (0.37 µg/kg/day) derived by using current methodology of the California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment. Three study participants had perchlorate exposure dose estimates in excess of this acceptable daily dose. The health implications of this perchlorate exposure are unknown.
The developing fetus is thought to be a particularly sensitive life stage for perchlorate exposure . Measurement of perchlorate in amniotic fluid confirms that perchlorate can cross the placenta . Therefore, we further examined perchlorate exposure in the 48% of our study population who were women of reproductive age. We found that 1 of these women exceeded the acceptable daily dose calculated by using OEHHA methodology. Among the 15 women of reproductive age in our study, 10 (75%) had low iodine intake (below the RDI). Continued perchlorate exposure above the OEHHA threshold among these women could increase their risk of subclinical hypothyroidism, which has been linked to subtle cognitive defects in children. To what degree perchlorate exposure contributes to the prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism (2%–3%) in women of reproductive age is unknown .
Perchlorate exposure is of health concern because perchlorate inhibits uptake of iodine, which is essential for thyroid function. Thiocyanate (elevated after exposure to cyanide in tobacco smoke, for example) and nitrate may interact with perchlorate in an additive fashion that also inhibits iodine uptake . The levels of thiocyanate and nitrate found in this study were comparable to or lower than levels found previously in other populations . We also evaluated urinary levels of iodine in this population. The geometric mean for iodine was found to be 158 µg/day, indicating a generally adequate intake of iodine. If a person's estimated iodine intake was less than the recommended daily intake of 150 µg/day, then he or she was advised to increase iodine intake through diet or by taking iodine-containing supplements. Additionally, for study participants who chose to add salt to their food, we mentioned iodized salt in small amounts as an effective iodine source.
We did not find that the drinking water samples collected in the 24-hr study period had significant levels of perchlorate. Only 2 samples had detectable levels (>1 µg/L detection limit), and both were below the Maximum Contaminant Limit (6 µg/L) for California. Conversely, we found several samples of produce consumed by participants to have high levels of perchlorate, notably nopales (opuntia cactus) and quelites, with levels exceeding 1700 ppb. These results are consistent with other published measurements of relatively high levels of perchlorate in opuntia cactus . Perchlorate levels in some produce tested, such as cantaloupe, grapefruit, pepper, broccoli, and lemon, are in the same range as levels that have been reported previously , , and others, including watermelon and tomato, had lower levels than previously detected. We found moderate perchlorate contamination in cucumbers (439.8 ppb), similar to previously published results .
Consistent with the scientific literature, we found that perchlorate dose was related to intake of dairy products and produce. Dairy products, fruits and vegetables have been characterized by other scientists as contributing significantly to perchlorate intakes , . In our study we found that each 10 ppb of perchlorate measured in produce was related to a marginally-significant 1% increase in estimated perchlorate dose (p = 0.09). Similarly we found that each serving of milk/dairy products, based on questionnaire data, was associated with a 24% increase in estimated perchlorate dose (p = 0.04). While our regression modeling indicates that dairy consumption and produce perchlorate levels are directly related to estimated perchlorate dose, these models only explained a relatively small amount of the total variance in estimated perchlorate dose in the study population (13–14%). The most plausible explanation of the low relatively R2 of our regression models is that we could not include a variable for the total intake amount of perchlorate from produce (no serving size data) and milk/dairy products (no measurement of perchlorate levels of serving size). Furthermore, the physiological half life of perchlorate in the human body
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فروش هر بشکه نفت در برابر ۳۳ دلار حتی تکافوی پرداخت یارانه های نقدی را به مردم نمی دهد.
با توجه به فروش روزانه یک میلیون بشکه نفت و با قیمت هر بشکه ۳۳ دلار روزانه ۳۳ میلیون دلار درآمد عاید کشور می شود که با ضرب کردن این رقم در دلار رسمی بانک مرکزی هر ماه ۲۹۷۹ میلیارد تومان از محل فروش نفت درآمد عاید کشور می شود.
از سوی دیگر با احتساب حذف ۳ میلیون نفر یارانه بگیر هر ماه باید ۴۵۵۰۰ تومان به حساب ۷۳ میلیون نفر واریز شود که رقمی بالغ بر ۳۳۲۱ میلیارد تومان می شود.
بر این اساس همه پول نفت صرف پرداخت یارانه به مردم می شود و حتی تامین بودجه یارانه های نقدی از محل درآمد نفتی با ۳۴۲ میلیارد تومان کسری مواجه می شود.
از ابتدای پرداخت یارانه نقدی در ۲۸ آذر ۱۳۸۹ طی پنجاه و هفت مرحله بیش از ۲۰۰ هزار میلیارد تومان یارانه پرداخت شده است.
براساس قانون بودجه امسال، سقف منابع توزیع نقدی یارانه ۳۹هزار میلیارد تومان است و دولت موظف بوده حدود ۶میلیون نفر را از مجموع ۷۶میلیون نفری که یارانه دریافت میکنند، حذف کند. تا امروز یارانه نقدی ۳ میلیون نفر از افراد پُردرآمد کشور حذف شده است.
منبع: تسنیمخوب, تو اين قسمت ميخوام يه سري نکات بسيار مهم در مورد "اولين تماس تلفني" با يک فرد رو براتون بگم. بياين فرض کنيم که شما توي يه محلي مثل يه نمايشگاه, تو صف سينما يا تو يه کتابفروشي سر صحبت رو با يه دختري باز کردين و موفق به رد و بدل کردن شماره تلفن شدين. حالا به مهمترين قسمت کار رسيدين, يعني ميخواين بهش زنگ بزنيد تا بيشتر بشناسينش و در نهايت بتونيد ترتيب ملاقاتهاي بعدي رو بدين. نکات خيلي زيادي هست که در مورد تلفن اول بايد رعايت کنيد که براتون به ترتيب ميگم.
اولين نکته اينه که کي زنگ بزنيم؟ فرض کنيم شما زمان خاصي رو براي زنگ زدن مشخص نکردين و مثلا قرار شده که هر وقت تونستين بهش زنگ بزنيد. مهمترين مساله اينه که اکثريت دخترها انتظار دارن که اولين تماس ظرف 24 ساعت برقرار بشه, ولي اگر تماس تو همين زمان برقرار بشه, هيجان خودش رو از دست ميده. بايد حداقل 24 ساعت تحمل کنيد و بعد تماس بگيريد. اما به هيچ وجه نبايد بيشتر از 3 روز يعني 72 ساعت معطل کنيد, چون از تلفن زدن شما نااميد ميشه و يه جور احساس منفي در مورد شما به وجود مياد که تا آخر باقي ميمونه.Parlemento suyunu kestiler
Parlamento sıcak suyu kesti
PARLAMENTO'NUN SICAK SUYUNU KESTİLER
(Bizim evde akıyor !(yHy)
ALMANYA'nın Kuzey Ren Vestfalya Eyalet (NRW) Parlamentosu, yaşanan enerji krizinde sıcak su vanalarını kapattığını açıkladı.
Parlamentoda bulunan 195 milletvekilinin artık soğuk suyla yetinmesi gerektiği bildirildi. NRW Meclis Başkanı Andre Kuper, "Kriz durumunda daha az aydınlatma ile ısınmaya giden uygulamaları yürürlüğe soktuk. Uygulama ofislerdeki su ısıtıcılarının kapatılmasını da kapsıyor" dedi.
ÖTE YANDA...
Çocuk başına 1000 euro enerji desteği talebi geldi.
Muhalefette bulunan CDU/ CSU, enerji fiyatlarındaki rekor artışların aileleri zor durumda bıraktığına dikkat çekti. CDU/CSU, çocuk başına yıllık 1000 euro enerji desteği istedi
Hıristiyan Birlik Partileri (CDU/ CSU) yardımın bu yıl ile gelecek yıl verilmesini talep etti.
CDU/CSU yardımın bekarlar için 30 bin euro, evliler için 60 bin euronun altında geliri olanlara ödenmesini önerdi.
VERGİDEN MUAF OLSUN
YARDIMIN bir defada ve vergiden muaf olarak verilmesini teklif eden CDU/CSU, "Etkili yardım olmadan, artan maliyetler aileleri yoksulluk tuzağına düşürmekle tehdit ediyor" açıklamasını yaptı.
(Profil resim;Hemşin/Hemşin'de sı çok)
Cengiz Parlayan/ YeniyurtHaber/22.9.2022KATHMANDU (AFP).- Two archaeologists had a hunch that the Buddha's birthplace in southern Nepal held secrets that could transform how the world understood the emergence and spread of Buddhism.
Their pursuit would eventually see them excavate the sacred site of Lumbini as monks prayed nearby, leading to the stunning claim that the Buddha was born in the sixth century BC, two centuries earlier than thought.
Veteran Nepalese archaeologist Kosh Prasad Acharya had carried out excavations in Lumbini before in the early 1990s, when Nepal was still ruled by a king and a Maoist insurgency had yet to kick off.
The project ended in 1996 but Acharya remained unsatisfied with the results.
"My belief was that there was another cultural deposit below, which we had not uncovered," the 62-year-old told AFP.
He headed back to his government job in the capital Kathmandu and waited to retire, restless to return to Lumbini.
The Buddha's birthplace was lost and overgrown by jungle before its rediscovery in 1896, when the presence of a third century BC pillar bearing inscriptions allowed historians to identify it as Lumbini.
Since then, it has been designated a UNESCO world heritage site, visited by millions of Buddhists every year, with numbers expected to rise exponentially in the following decades.
Acharya had just retired from his last job, as the director general of the department of archaeology, when UNESCO asked him to co-direct an investigation of Lumbini's foundations.
The cultural organisation asked Acharya and his longtime collaborator, Robin Coningham, Britain's leading South Asian archaeologist, to head a team that would examine the site so conservators could develop it for growing numbers of visitors.
"In 2010, our first year there, we were pretty much the handmaidens to the conservators," Coningham told AFP in a phone interview from his office at Britain's Durham University, which helped fund the UNESCO project.
"The Eureka moment came in 2011, when we came across a brick temple located below the existing Asokan temple, and below that a sort of void.
"It became clear then that there was much more to this excavation."
Over the next two years, archaeologists, geophysicists and hired workmen from Nepal and Britain worked on the site, digging in the presence of meditating monks and nuns.
"It was a very moving, very special experience to dig for traces while pilgrims prayed and paid homage," Acharya said.
They dug for a few weeks each year and sent the samples to laboratories for analysis.
Radiocarbon and optically stimulated luminescence techniques were used to date fragments of charcoal and grains of sand found at the site.
The archaeologists also found holes, apparently meant to secure posts, in the open void below the brick temple.
"The intact holes suggested that whoever had built the brick temple had taken care not to damage the ancient structure below, suggesting the site was always considered holy," Coningham said.
Lab tests confirmed the existence of roots within the void below the brick structure, suggesting it may have been a shrine where a tree once grew, possibly the hardwood sal tree under which many believe the Buddha was born.
The discovery, revealed in November, sparked huge excitement, but some historians have urged caution, saying the ancient tree shrine could have been built by pre-Buddhist believers.
"The worship of trees, often at simple altars, was a ubiquitous feature of ancient Indian religions," Julia Shaw, a lecturer in South Asian archaeology at University College London told National Geographic's online edition.
"It is also possible that what is being described represents an older tree shrine quite disconnected from the worship of the historical Buddha," Shaw added.
According to Coningham, however, if the Buddhists had appropriated the tree shrine from non-Buddhists, the site would not have survived relatively unscathed.
"Also, the inscriptions at Bodhgaya (where the Buddha achieved enlightenment) reveal a thriving culture of tree worship, which suggests continuity," he added.
Much of what is known about the Buddha's life has its origins in oral tradition. The earliest decipherable written records in the region, the inscriptions of India's Buddhist emperor Asoka, are dated about 250 BC.
Prior to this discovery, most scholars said that the Buddha -- who renounced material wealth to embrace and preach a life of non-attachment -- lived during the fourth century BC, founding a religion that now counts 500 million followers.
Buddhists in Nepal and Sri Lanka, however, have always believed that the sage was born around 623 BC, a date that now seems more accurate.
"It's one of the great puzzles, this discovery reveals the endurance of oral traditions," Coningham said.
"This is one of those very rare times when tradition, belief and archaeology all come together."
© 1994-2014 Agence France-PresseArjantin Devlet Başkanı Alberto Fernandez, kürtajın yasallaşması için yasa tasarısı sunacağını söyledi.
Fernandez, Ulusal Kongrenin 138'inci olağan oturumlarının açılışında yaptığı konuşmada, ülkesinde kürtajın 100 yıl önce yasaklandığını fakat bazı durumlarda kadınların hayatını riske atarak gizli yerlerde kürtaj yaptırdığını kaydetti.
Devletin, halkın ve kadınların sağlığını koruması gerektiğine dikkati çeken Fernandez, "Önümüzdeki 10 gün içinde, gebeliğin başlangıcında kürtajın yasal hale getirecek ve kadınların bu kararı almalarının ardından sağlık sistemine erişmesine izin verecek yasa tasarısını sunacağım" şeklinde konuştu.
Fernandez'in konuşma yaptığı sırada Ulusal Kongre binası önünde destek amacıyla gösteri düzenlendi.رسانه نوا – برای هیچ یک از ما این غیر معمول نیست که از رفتار گذشته خود احساس پشیمانی کنیم، و پل مک کارتنی هم از این قاعده مستثنی نیست.
این خواننده سابق گروه بیتلز، به مصاحبه خود با دیلی میل، نسبت به حرف هایی نژادپرستانه ای که بدون فکر در مورد آن و عواقبی که ممکن است در آینده داشته باشد، واکنش نشان داد. او توضیح داد که: «وقتی که من بچه بودم، بدون این که بدانید، نژادپرست بودم. واقعا اتفاق عادی بود که شما از کلمات خاصی استفاده کنید که دیگر امروزه کاربردی ندارند و از آنها اصلا استفاده نمی کنید.»
مانند بسیاری از افراد نسل او، مک کارتنی در نهایت به خطای راه خود پی برد. بخشی از فرآیند بلوغ و روشن فکری به او کمک کرد تا در مورد حقوق بشر و اطلاعات حقوق مدنی بیشتر آگاه شود.
او هم چنین اعتراف کرد: «در طول مسیر پیشرفت، ناگهان متوجه شدیم این افرادی که ما این گونه در مورد آن ها صحبت می کنیم چه حسی خواهد داشت. مثل یک شوخی بین خودمان بود ولی حقایق بسیاری را در برداشت. در مورد خودم، من مردمان سیاه و سکه یک پنی را یکسان می دانستم و از این لفظ استفاده می کردم. مطمئنا تعداد زیادی از مردم هم نسل من از کلماتی که شما هم اکنون استفاده نمی کنید، استفاده می کنند یا می کردند.»
مک کارتنی همچنین در ادامه به دفاع از همکاری اخیر خود با کانیه وست پرداخت. از این که کانیه در متن خود از کلماتی در مورد مردم سیاه پوست استفاده کرد، چیزی نگفت ولی ناراحت می شد. او معتقد بود که کانیه سیاه پوست است و در حال صحبت با هم نوعان خودش است، در نتیجه این حرف ها توهین تلقی نمی شود و مخاطبان هم این مسئله را می دانند.Productivity is projected to outpace demand growth, which implies declining real food prices. This is good news for poor consumers, but will put pressure on farm incomes.
Global food demand follows population growth as per-capita consumption of many food items levels off
Open, transparent and predictable trade is important for global food security – regions experiencing rapid population growth are not those where food production can be increased sustainably
This year's edition focuses on the prospects and challenges in Latin America and the Caribbean
Download the OECD-FAO Agricultural Outlook 2019-2028很多接触SuiteCRM的国内用户都会好奇的想问：SuiteCRM是美国的吗？简单回答：SuiteCRM是美国加利福尼亚库比蒂诺软件公司SugarCRM产品的一个分支。
SuiteCRM是一个免费的开源客户关系管理应用程序。开源CRM通常被用作大公司（如Salesforce和Microsoft Dynamics CRM应用程序）专有CRM软件的替代品。SuiteCRM是SugarCRM流行的客户关系管理（CRM）系统的软件分支。当SugarCRM决定停止开发其开源版本时，SuiteCRM项目就开始了。SuiteCRM基本应用程序建立在 null 新的开源SugarCRM版本上。SuiteCRM是SugarCRM的极大扩展版本，其中还包含SugarCRM中没有的许多其他安全修复程序。它 null 初于2013年10月21日作为7.0版发布，并为现有的SugarCRM用户提供了升级途径。
SuiteCRM凭借全球 null 佳的开源CRM 荣获2015年BOSSIE奖和2016 年BOSSIE奖。BOSSIE奖的策展人Infoworld表示：“在不到一年的时间里，SuiteCRM开启了社区，并成为开源CRM的新 null 。” 在过去的8年中，SugarCRM获得了该奖项。
自原始版本以来，SuiteCRM已下载超过80万次。一个由将近90,000个开发人员和合作者组成的社区加入了该项目。它已被NHS（英国国家卫生服务局）的Code4Health 计划采用，该计划旨在促进英格兰NHS中的开源。
SuiteCRM包含SugarCRM社区版的 null 新版本，以及以下其他模块：
- 产品
- 商业机会
- 会议管理
- 发票管理
- PDF模板
- 工作流
- 数据分析
- 报表分析
- 搜索功能
- 大事记
- 谷歌地图
- 权限管理
- 门户网站
- 响应主题
- Outlook插件
- 市场活动
- ……
除了新模块之外，还进行了广泛的BUG 修复，并对核心功能进行了许多增强。自原始项目发布以来，已经进行了50多次更新。维护了六个月的发布周期，并在主要版本之间提供了错误修复和安全版本。
SuiteCRM 全功能，不限用户，3600元/长期使用
SuiteCRM 与 Salesforce 和 Dynamics 一样强大，具有更高的技术独立性和定制性。业务咨询与服务，请联系我们！
我们提供的服务包括：插件开发、主题开发、安装和配置、CRM升级、CRM部署、支持与维护、用户培训…Top 1
精选留言：有生之年能坐上，都算澳洲效率高
超级高铁（Hyperloop）有望在澳建成，届时从墨尔本到班迪哥仅需15分钟，到吉朗只要10分钟，轻松解决澳洲东海岸跨市旅行的问题。
据报道，Hyperloop就是抽空管道内的空气达到真空的状态，子弹列车依靠磁悬浮技术向前行进。据信，这种火车的时速将达到音速水平。
Virgin Hyperloop One公司的代表本星期在墨尔本发表讲话时谈到了该项目，并回答了有关东海岸超级高铁的相关问题。该公司的产品总监Sara Luchian表示，在了解澳洲地理及人口增长模式后，她认为这项技术非常适合澳洲。
她说：“美国9个州都对这项技术十分感兴趣，澳洲也具备修建hyperloop的条件。这里人口密集，房价高昂，城市之间路途遥远。这个技术将极大地改善交通状况。未来20年内，汽车的数量将会大增，所以我们需要这项新技术来应对交通拥堵问题。”
Luchian在墨尔本市中心Mercedes Me举办的“了解未来”活动上发言，只要将长距离的上班时间缩短，人们就可以住在住得起的地方。他们正在寻求完整的监管认证，以便在本世纪20年代末推出该技术。她补充指，不需要等几十年，该技术将于未来几年实现。مدیرعامل فرودگاه حضرت امام خبر داد:
تلاش فرودگاه امام برای جذب بخشی از درآمد پروازهای عبوری
مسکن گزین: مدیرعامل فرودگاه امام خمینی (ره) اظهار داشت: درحال مذاکره با شرکت فرودگاه ها و ناوبری هوایی ایران هستیم تا قسمتی از درآمد پروازهای عبوری به فرودگاه امام داده شود.
محمد مهدی کربلایی در گفتگو با خبرنگار مهر درباره علت توقف بهره برداری از ترمینال سلام اظهار داشت: فعلا خدمات دهی ترمینال سلام را برای کاهش هزینه ها متوقف کرده ایم؛ بخصوص که در زمان بهره برداری، برخی بخش های ترمینال تکمیل نشده ولی به علت اضطرار بهره برداری شده بود.؛ از همین رو از فرصت تعطیلی ترمینال استفاده کردیم و ساخت این بخش ها را تکمیل کردیم.
وی درباره شفاف سازی هزینه های ساخت و ساز ترمینال سلام افزود: سال قبل با شرکت سرمایه گذار جلسات مالی شفاف سازی را هزینه ها و رفع نقصها و معایب را برگزار کردیم؛ درحال شفاف سازی هزینه ها هستیم و بزودی آنرا نهایی و اعلام می نماییم.
مدیرعامل شهر فرودگاهی امام خمینی (ره) در مورد سررسید اقساط تسهیلات ساخت ترمینال سلام و نحوه بازپرداخت آن در زمانی که بهره برداری از این ترمینال صورت نمی گیرد، اظهار داشت: وام ساخت و ساز را شرکت سرمایه گذار از بانک گرفته بود و اقساط آن هم اکنون سررسید شده؛ درحال جمع بندی هستیم تا تشریفات مالی خود با این شرکت سرمایه گذار را نهایی نماییم.
وی در مورد مذاکره شهر فرودگاهی امام خمینی (ره) با شرکت فرودگاه ها و ناوبری هوایی ایران برای دریافت بخشی از درآمدهای پروازهای عبوری، اظهار نمود: به دنبال دریافت درآمدی از بخشی از پروازهای عبوری هستیم و مذاکرات ما با شرکت فرودگاه ها در این
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In seguito a partire dalle Olimpiadi di Atene 2004 la categoria double trap femminile è stata soppressa.Ciao, volevo sapere se è possibile impostare alcune funzioni con i comandi da tastiera delle lettere.
Fin'ora sono riuscito attraverso la combinaziona di Alt o Ctrl + lettera o con F1-F... e se volessi solo la lettera.
Esempio: comando Nascondi/Visualizza -> lettera N
comando Salva -> lettera S
comando Tasca -> lettera T
ecc...
Ho provato, ma invece di attivarsi il tasto, Catia me lo scrive in basso sulla riga di comando
ciaoHome2 Suites Hilton Dover,De是2星级酒店，距NASCAR Dover Downs International Speedway，Christ Episcopal Church及Delaware State Police Museum and Education Center仅1.6千米。 自2014年，它成为了Dover的中心著名的酒店。
酒店距离Dover市中心有1公里。 酒店距离Legislative Hall，Delaware State Visitor Center及Delaware Governor's Mansion (Woodburn)700米。
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主要休闲设施有赌场，室内游泳池和天井。 在酒店提供健身房，健身课程和跑步机。
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现场免费提供公共酒店停车。The most traumatic part of an encounter with a dank vampire is he smokes all of your dank in front of you.
Watch out for the dank vampires!
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Le mail sono inviate da [email protected]. Non ti invieremo mai alcun messaggio di spam.Unfortunately, it is sometimes hard to get students to volunteer, so educators all have their own methods for randomizing the order in which students present or perform other tasks. Do you have students draw numbers from a hat or popsicle sticks from a jar?
I have a fantastic little line method I can do on the board that has both students and other teachers just scratching their heads, but despite how wonderful many of these low tech solutions are, they usually take up more precious class time than some other options out there.
Enter Random.org. I learned of this site from a presentation titled “It’s Okay to Have Fun in the Classroom!” by Jolene Jaquays and Sara Okello from The University of Michigan – Flint. It was one of the recorded sessions from the TESOL convention in Portland, Oregon and I am just getting around to watching some of them now.
Anyway, Random.org is pretty basic. It is completely free and all you have to do is enter a list of under 10,000 items and click randomize. If you have your class list saved, you can randomize the list in class in under 30 seconds. I usually project the screen in class so that students can see how I arrive at the order, and I have not heard any complaints.
It may be a simple thing, but anything that makes your time in class more efficient is worth considering. Do you use any other effective and efficient methods for deciding order?“I’m Your Huckleberry”
One of the greatest lines in history came from Val Kilmer, who played Doc Holliday in the movie “Tombstone”. It’s the climax when Holliday confronts Johnny Ringo, one of the leaders of the Texas Outlaws. Ringo was expecting Wyatt Earp, whom he knew he could defeat in a gunfight. Instead, Holliday came from behind a tree and uttered that memorable line. The instant Ringo saw Holliday, he knew his days were over. Ringo was armed with appropriate information, but a change in his plan adversely affected his outcome.
Custer’s Last Stand
Sticking with the western theme, an example of a leader who didn’t know what he didn’t know was George Armstrong Custer. In June 1876, Custer led his troops to battle at Little Big Horn. He assumed, incorrectly, that his military intelligence and superior technology would quickly overpower the enemy, which would result in an immediate victory. What he didn’t know was that he was outnumbered… EXTREMELY outnumbered. By the time he found out, it was too late. His cavalry suffered one of the biggest defeats in US Military history.
Now let’s talk about a third kind of leader: One who plays the game with his eyes up, like a great point guard on the basketball court. He or she sees the game as it unfolds and knows where their teammates should be positioned every second. They usually aren’t the scoring leaders, but rarely does the team win without them.
“What kind of leader are YOU?” versus “What Kind of Leader ARE you?”
A small shift in emphasis from one word in a sentence to another can change the attitude of the response from an upbeat, positive, team building one to a defensive, self-centered, egotistical one. Your non-verbal response (or reaction) to that question will speak far more loudly than your words.
Don’t get upset for being asked, but which is appropriate for you… The first or second? Or the third?
There’s a lot of instability in the sales world right now. It’s clear from the tone of message boards, forums, e-mails, and business meetings that the ripples in the water are developing whitecaps. While all of the attention is on somehow innovating ways to continue building revenue, there’s an even bigger problem that will potentially cancel out a large number of marketing efforts designed to build brand trust: Employee turnover.
It’s not the 80’s anymore, folks. You can’t expect a terminated employee to remain quiet when you let them go for not meeting the quota you assigned them using your antiquated sales systems. It’s 2016, and they have networks, connections, friends and followers. People “like” them and their online communities reflect their shared, complementary world views. So what happens when they post on their timelines that they just got fired from the job they were enthusiastically posting about getting just two months ago? It’s likely to be “Outrageous!” Even more so are the numbers.
Let’s say you hire, train, and fire 5 people per year and each averages 200 close online contacts across all of their networks. That’s 1000 people per year that no longer hold you or your brand in high esteem: You fired their friend…You now suck. Not only that, guilt by association concludes that your brand and everyone affiliated with your brand now sucks. But wait…we’re STILL not done sucking: The industry with which your brand is affiliated sucks, too. “A thousand people in a one-rep market doesn’t make that much difference”, you say? What if you’re not the only brand OR industry representative in the market? What if there are 20? Or 200? As a group, you are burning through 1000 people per year. Potentially 200,000 of the customers you intended to market your products and services think, you guessed it— that YOU suck. Does that get your attention or are you still not buying it? That’s what I thought.
Here’s what is baffling: Nearly every forum places the blame on the employee for their failure to produce! “It’s that damn (fill-in-the-blank) generation! They just don’t want to work!” Heaven forbid anyone would entertain the possibility that the world around them is changing at the speed of light. I learned years ago that you have to provide employees all of the tools and training necessary for them to succeed or else they will fail. I also learned that you manage things, but you LEAD people. How many true leaders seriously have NO contingency plan when all trends over the last decade have indicated major changes are on the horizon? How is it in the realm of possibility that interrupting people’s lives to initiate a sale is going to work forever? Do DVR’s, disconnected land lines and DNS database usage stats not send a message to anyone else?
The internet’s inherent advantage is that customers can tell brands how they want to be served in real time. Unfortunately, it seems that very few are listening. Instead, enthusiastic people with unlimited potential are being turned off by legacy companies every day because the only tools they are trained to use are obsolete. There’s also a subliminal message being conveyed to great current and future customers: “This brand isn’t equipped to serve you on your terms. You need to get online and build a relationship with one that’s looking to the future instead of living in the past.”
Even the best marketing strategists can’t dig themselves out of that hole.خاطرات حمید داوود آبادی، یکی از رزمندگان سال های جنگ تحمیلی که امروز در عرصه ادبیات و هنر دستی دارد، درباره فضای حاکم بر روزهای سال نو در جبهه و حال و هوای رزمندگان در آغاز سال نو خواندنی است؛ «نامه هایی که به مناسبت دهه فجر و نوروز از پشت جبهه برایمان می آوردند، از خاطرات فراموش نشدنی و جالب بودند. هر وقت مسئول تدارکات برای گرفتن نامه های خانواده ها به بنیاد شهید شهر می رفت، تعدادی از آن نامه ها را هم با خود می آورد. بچه ها بیش از این که منتظر آمدن نامه از خانواده هایشان باشند، برای برنامه های مردمی انتظار می کشیدند که به «نامه های امت حزب الله» معروف بودند و غالباً بچه ها این نامه ها را برای هم می خواندند. گاهی هم اتفاقی فرستنده نامه هم محلی یکی از بچه ها بود که در آن صورت، او جواب نامه را می نوشت. تا چند روز پس از آمدن نامه های امت حزب الله، سرمان گرم پاسخ دادن به آنها بود.排卵试纸强阳生男孩大还是转弱的几率大
对于生育期的一些女性来说，往往会采用排卵试纸来预测自己的排卵期，从而达到优生优育的目的，甚至很多想要男孩的女性也会选择这类方式，那么， 排卵试纸强阳生男孩大还是转弱的几率大?
一般用排卵试纸测到强阳性的话考虑卵子会在24小时到48小时内排出的，那时同房怀孕几率比较大的。在排卵时同房的话可能会增加怀男孩的几率但并不是一定的，男孩女孩都一样的只要宝宝健康就好，要宝宝的话你可以在测到强阳后同房，可以在转弱阳时再同房一次增加怀孕几率的。
、找准做爱时机。受精卵结合前一个月的环境温度，也就是男生与女生在性行为发生前的一个月所处环境的温度，是影响宝宝性别的重要因素。高温环境容易创造男宝宝，低温环境容易创造女宝宝。高温会影响精子的X染色体，让女宝宝不容易出生。低温会影响精子的Y染色体，让男宝宝不容易出生。因此，想生男孩，最好在夏天受孕，想生女孩，则尽量在冬天受孕。
改变酸碱。分别带有X、Y染色体的精子在酸碱值不同的环境里，游动的速度不相同：带有Y染色体的精子在碱性环境中活力较强，而带有X染色体的精子在酸性环境里较为活跃。 所以，如果夫妻俩希望生女孩，可用少量而干净的温开水稀释醋酸之后，冲洗妇女阴道，让阴道呈酸性。反之则生男孩。同房姿势和频率。想生男孩，可以采取站姿或后入式姿势，同房后安静地平躺一会儿，如果想生女孩，不妨试试传教士体位或女上式同房姿势。另外，同房频繁据说可以提高生女孩的几率。
相信大家对于排卵试纸强阳生男孩大还是转弱的几率大的相关知识应该有了进一步的认识，要知道生男孩还是生女孩都是需要符合大自然的规律的，各位朋友最好是顺其自然，不要一味地要求胎儿的性别问题。[摘要]本文从嵇康的《声无哀乐论》谈起，探讨现代影视作品中音乐的特有价值。光、影、音等多种元素结合在一起，既推进了情节的发展，同时也满足了人们的视听之娱。音乐在电影中起着重要的作用，其中就包括对情感的表现。
[关键词]声无哀；电影音乐；表现力
文字，绘画，音乐，舞蹈，对白，动作……都可以是艺术的一种形式，而电影作为一门综合艺术，与科技、文化和技术的发展紧密同步，电影的艺术魅力来自声光各项技术的综合作用，同时更是情节和情绪等多重世事情态的综合展现。一部好的影片一定是各方面都相对完美的，优美的镜头技巧，和谐的灯光效果，恰当的音乐，合理精彩的情节，演员的出色表演都是重要的艺术元素。本文仅试论电影作品中音乐与情感的相互关系。
一、从声无哀乐谈起
嵇康是中国古代历史中一位特殊的人物，对于后世也有着重要的意义。嵇康的一生已经在《世说新语》的包装下走向传奇。在文人群体中，嵇康是他们心中若即若离，涂抹不掉的一份情结，千百年来始终是文人饶有兴致的谈资。作为最早的讨论音乐域情感关系的论作，嵇康的《声无哀乐论》至今仍有着巨大的理论价值。对于研究电影音乐，尤有探讨空间。
嵇康在此文中化身“东野主人”，借他之口表达自己“声无哀乐”的观点。文章一开始“东野主人” 就说：“夫天地合德，万物资生，寒暑代往，五行以成，章为五色，发为五音。音声之作，其犹臭味在于天地之间，其善与不善，虽遭浊乱，其体自若而无变也，岂以爱憎易操，哀乐改度哉。”嵇康认为“音声”是一种自在自为的存在，不以时事之浊乱，不以人之爱憎为转移。声与爱憎哀乐无关，不能引发人的爱憎哀乐之情；爱憎哀乐之情与声无关，人不能通过声表现爱憎哀乐的情感。这正是“声无哀乐”之立论。嵇康进一步用“和声无像而哀心有主”；“至夫哀乐，自以事会先进于心，但因和声以自显发。”分别从声音的表现力及其诉诸听众的效果两方面来阐发自己的“声无哀乐”论。哀乐之心先自有了，听了音乐显发出来，而不是被音乐表现出来的。于是“和声”成了他音乐价值观的全部体现，“夫哀心藏于内遇和声而后发”，只有和声才可以实现显发情感的目的。于是“音声有自然之和而无系于人情”就成为其理论之核心。
但是综观《声无哀乐论》，我们不难见出嵇康的论点有许多自相矛盾之处，在音乐与情感的关系中，嵇康似乎竭力想要证明音乐无关乎情感，并且这一立论正如前所述，得到了明晰的论证。然而作为精通音乐，并且在实际生活中与音乐为伴的嵇康却在不经意间不自觉地流露出“声音和比，感人之最深者也。”的感慨。这当然与嵇康反对“俗儒妄记”，反对他们把音乐神秘化，赋予音乐太多的政治教化色彩的观念有关。所以他似乎是先有了论点然后为之佐证，当然就不免矛盾。然而问题关键还是在于，嵇康没有音、声区别的概念，《乐记》说“声成文，谓之音。”，从而把“声”、“音”作了明确的区分，“音”是音乐的音，是艺术范畴的音。嵇康还不能把声音和音乐做很好的界定和区分，两者混为一谈就自然出现问题。于是在嵇康看来，声无哀乐，音乐无关乎人情，而人在听到音乐时产生的一系列情感只是因为音乐的引导和显发，而不是音乐本身具有表现力。
但是这一论点似乎遭到越来越多人的质疑，尤其在视听媒介日益发达的今天，人们可以花费高昂的门票去听一场音乐会、交响乐，同时音乐也被广泛地运用到其他艺术领域，并且成为其中非常重要的一种元素，这不能不说音乐自身其实具有极强的表现力。从电影兴起之初人们就竭力使之从无声走向有声，当电影有了声音之后，音乐就成了它最好的伴侣，并且在其间发挥的作用日益重要。在今天的一些成功的影视作品中，几乎可以说每一个音阶都在演戏。
二、从实例看音乐的表演
音乐是影视作品中不可忽视一个重要的艺术元素，甚至在许多经典影片问世以后，电影音乐随之流行，因获得独立的生命力而广为流传。中国电影《刘三姐》、《阿诗玛》、《不见不散》，美国电影《绿野仙综》、《保镖》、《泰坦尼克号》等众多影片中的主题音乐至今还为人们传唱不已。甚至一直以来就有一种电影样式——音乐剧，其中音乐是整个电影的看点，并且可以推动情节的发展和行进。西方的《卡门》、《猫》都是被搬上荧屏的经典音乐剧，中国2006 年上演的《如果·爱》也是音乐剧在中国电影中一次有效的运用。由此可见音乐之于电影确实是有着不容置疑的作用。甚至可以说，在这些经典影片中，每一个音阶都在演戏。
美国电影《阿甘正传》是一部堪称经典的影片，成就经典的是影片制作团队对每个细节的重视。在这部影片中出现了多达三十一首歌曲，动人的音乐贯穿始终，然而我们今天看来也一点不觉得它在“滥用”，因为整个影片中音乐的设置可谓匠心独运。电影插曲在影片中的作用大致可分为四类：烘托情景气氛；调整剧情节奏；强化人物形象；表达作者和人物的感情。《阿甘正传》中音乐的设置似乎四者兼有，并且还更胜甚一筹。伴随着腿有
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来表达说话人的无奈。比如你听到马云说了这句话，有何感想：
我想，这里可以用“I’m speechless.”，或者“I have nothing to say.” 来表达你的心情，即“我很无语”。
第三种情况
“我服了你”有时表达真心佩服，尤其是佩服那种让你大开眼界、脑洞大开的操作。
- You blow me away.
你让我脑洞大开/你深深地打动了我。
- I am overwhelmed.
我被震撼到了。
- I am really amazed by you.
我被你震惊了。
- That’s very impressive.
真的令我印象深刻。Ok, so this isn’t the same as our usual tips. But recently I was involved in an animal models project that led me to this resource on genomic pathology. The deeper I got into this animal model project, the more clear it became that a tremendous amount of genomic data is coming that is going to be great–but it will need to be paired with appropriate histology and pathology for a more complete understanding of the genomic biology.
All these model organism projects–knockout mice or rats, mutant mice for cancer studies for example, inbred lines with specific characteristics and genomic regions like the Collaborative Cross, treated animals–need quality pathology assessments. There are phenotyping projects like Europhenome being done on large sets of animals, and they require not only standardized descriptions and ontologies, but also image samples and evaluations. In an age where we all scan around at all this software looking at genes and genomic regions, we have to have pathology data as well. And that data will also need to be standardized and stored in appropriate database resources for researchers to find and examine. I recently heard Dr. Robert Cardiff talk about his work on Pathobiology of the Mouse and how crucial it is to capture the information in a standardized and searchable ways. He’s one of the drivers of this project, and fully understands the needs in this arena.
More people should be trained in pathology to examine these animals. So during this project I was impressed to find out about an online learning project that could be helpful for people who need to understand the foundations of animal research and be introduced to important aspects of pathology. This project has won an award for Outstanding Distance Learning (May 25). So as a public service in genomics I point you to this UC Davis project.
You can have a look at the background and goals for this from the Center for Genomic Pathology site. From there you can click the navigation for UCD Information Session to get a taste of their course, or click on my image above. It’s a nice effort.
We have no relationships with UC Davis or this online learning project–we just thought it was a valuable and important component to genomics and wanted to talk about it.Lost in the shuffle of the current global pandemic, the CDC in March released a study causing the organization to increase their estimate of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) prevalence to one in 54 children. This changes the CDC’s previous prevalence estimate of 1 in 59 children, which was released in 2018.
Dr. Benjamin Black, director of medical services at the Thompson Center believes this change shows the need for increased autism resources around the country.
“The increase in autism spectrum disorder prevalence to 1 in 54 children is important, and highlights the continued need for resources to be devoted to this area,” Dr. Black said. “However, equally important is the disparities that this study noted geographically and across socioeconomic groups. The Thompson Center strives to be a leader in challenging these disparities through its educational, research, and clinical care programs.”
Dr. Connie Brooks, head of the clinical psychology department at the Thompson Center, believes this change is important as it highlights previously underrepresented groups in the autism evaluation process.
“The increase in the ASD prevalence rate seems to indicate that autism specialists are doing a good job in identifying children with autism, particularly with the new data indicating similar prevalence rates for black and Asian/Pacific Islander children. The results also suggest, however, that we still have to work to do, especially in improving identification of Hispanic children as well as with earlier diagnosis of Black children. I’m proud that the Thompson Center continues to focus on health disparities in our training and clinical work to reduce these differences.”
The Thompson Center has performed more than 700 autism diagnostic evaluations in the last year. While many families remain on the waiting list to receive an evaluation, the Thompson Center continues to search for ways to increase how many families we can serve each year.یکی از آهنگسازانی که همچنان در چرخش های من ظاهر می شود، فابریزیو پاترلینی ساکن مانتوا (شمال ایتالیا) است. قطعات پیانوی او از سال 2010 که Fragments Found بود، من را مسحور کرد، که متعاقباً در لیست بهترین های سال Headphone Commute، Music For Watching The Snow Slowly Fall In The Moonlight، جایگاهی کسب کرد. این آلبوم بعداً بسته بندی مجدد شد و همراه با انتشار پاترلینی در سال 2009، Viandanze، به عنوان یک مجموعه دیسک دوبل منتشر شد. در اواخر سپتامبر 2011، پاترلینی تصمیم گرفت فصل پاییز را با نوشتن یک قطعه در هفته جشن بگیرد و سپس آن را به صورت آنلاین با فالوورهای خود به اشتراک بگذارد. این پروژه به مدت 14 هفته ادامه یافت و به پاترلینی این امکان را داد که حالات الهام گرفته از تصاویر و صداهای فصل را بررسی کند. آهنگهای حاصل در داستانهای پاییز جمعآوری شدهاند و نتیجه آن آلبومی فوقالعاده، پر از صداقت، هماهنگی و روح است. پیانوهای ظریف پاترلینی با تارهای کوارتت لوتوس همراهی می شود و موسیقی مملو از مالیخولیا، غم و اندوه ماتم انگیز و درد دل را به تصویر می کشد. پاترلینی میگوید: «ساخت موسیقی مالیخولیایی به من احساس بهتری میدهد». ما را هم بهتر می کند فابریزیو… پس ادامه بده! به شدت برای طرفداران داستین اوهالوران، نیلز فرام، گلدموند، نوار کتابخانه و مکس ریشتر توصیه می شود.
متوجه میشوم که به سمت فضیلت، سادگی و زیبایی که فقط در موسیقی پیانو میتوان یافت. دانلود نت پیانوی یکی از بهترین آثار این آهنگساز در ادامه این پست برای شما دوستان هنرمند
پسورد فایل : گزارش خرابی لینکتوضیحات
کتاب فرهنگ روانشناسی و روانپزشکی به تالیف فرهاد منصف در نشر دانشیار به چاپ رسیده است.
کتاب حاضر شامل 21 هزار واژه روان شناسی، روان پزشکی و بعضی زمینه های وابسته است که از این تعداد 3 هزار واژه یا برای اولین مرتبه معادل یابی شده و یا برای نخستین بار وارد واژه نامه روان شناسی – روان پزشکی می شود. هر چند این سه هزار واژه به جز چند استثناء، هیچ کدام معنای خود ساخته از سوی مولف ندارد و همه آنها با در نظر گرفتن روح معنایی واژگان روان شناسی – روان پزشکی و با توجه به معادل ها و برابر نهاده های رایج، معادل یابی شده است.
در این مجموعه گردآورنده مبادرت به انتخاب و برابرگزینی معادل هایی کرده است که هم معنای روان شناختی دارد و هم در جامعه زبانی کشور متداول تر است و ذهن خواننده و محقق با آن مأنوس تر و آشناتر می باشد.
از آنجایی که بعضی واژه ها تنها یک برابر نهاده ندارد و یا نیاز به توضیح دارد، در برابر آنها جمله “ر.ک. فرهنگ توصیفی” بکار برده است تا خواننده معنی آن را در فرهنگ های توصیفی دنبال کند.
در مورد اصطلاحات مشترک پزشکی و روان شناختی، تنها اصطلاحاتی معادل یابی شده اند که با واژه های روان شناسی مربوط و مشترک می باشند مثل واژه “auditory” و مبحث گوش و چشم.
همچنین در مورد بعضی از واژه هایی که چندین معنا دارند بستگی به کلمه قبل و یا بعد از آن می توان معادل مناسب را انتخاب کرد. مثل “ assimilative illusion “
کتاب فرهنگ روانشناسی و روانپزشکی به تالیف فرهاد منصف در انتشارت دانشیار به چاپ رسیده است.
تامین محتوا: تحربربه فروشگاه اینترنتی کتابانهThere may be times when you wonder why your energy levels are so low or why you’ve been feeling more fatigued than usual. Often it’s a result of simply not drinking enough water.
Since the human body is about 70 percent water, it only makes sense that water intake is key for maintaining optimal energy on a daily basis. Sufficient hydration is crucial to every physiological action that takes place in your body. Water is involved in the digestion of food, helps lubricate joints, is a carrier of nutrients to cells, affects hormone regulation and is the main component of blood.
Proper water intake is also a key component of weight loss. Fat metabolism simply does not occur at an optimal rate when we are chronically dehydrated.
Even when it comes to exercise performance, the importance of water is often forgotten. Much of our attention is focused on finding the right foods for fueling our workouts. But inadequate hydration can hinder exercise performance as well.
And you can’t rely on thirst as an indicator. If you wait until you are thirsty to rehydrate, you have already lost 1-2 percent of your body weight, which results in a decrease in performance and loss of mental focus and clarity. This is primarily due to a reduction in cardiovascular output, metabolic reactions and an increase in core temperature since water is the body’s coolant during exercise.
Needless to say, maintaining hydration can be a real difference maker when it comes to exercise performance. Outlined below are tips and specific guidelines for proper daily water intake and throughout the workout spectrum (pre-, post- and during).
Current research from the Institute of Medicine found that the average water loss per day was nine cups for women and 13 cups for men, which is the minimum daily recommendation for each sex, respectively. If you’re active, then you need more.
Eating your fruits and vegetables will supplement that daily minimum. Some 19 percent of our fluid intake also comes from food (approximately 4 cups on average). Fruits and vegetables are water-dense foods and are great for getting additional hydration. Plus, they are packed with nutrients, high in fiber and low in calories, which can aid in weight loss as well. Here are some of the most water-packed foods you should add:
▪ Squash (cooked): 94 pecent
▪ Cantaloupe: 90 percent
▪ Oranges: 87 percent
▪ Apples: 86 percent
▪ Pears: 84 percent
By “pre-hydrating,” you will ensure that you begin physical activity adequately hydrated and with normal electrolyte levels. As a general rule, aim for 16 ounces 30 minutes prior to exercise.
Remember, if you wait until you are thirsty, then your performance has already suffered. Aiming for 6-12 ounces every 15-30 minutes will match the rate of fluid loss under most circumstances. Also, most sport beverages that contain a low concentration (6-8 percent) of carbohydrates and electrolytes can be even more beneficial for longer or more intense workouts since they help to maintain sufficient energy and electrolyte levels in addition to just water.
After a workout, fluid intake is necessary to aid in recovery since losses in both carbohydrates and sodium hinder the process of rehydration. As a general rule, 24 ounces right after a workout or, more specifically, 24 ounces per pound of body weight loss.
Beat the Heat
Increases in temperature naturally increase the rate of fluid loss in the body. At a minimum you should increase your intake by 16 ounces a day once the weather gets significantly warmer. In some cases, daily fluid needs could be as much as double as normal. Monitoring your weight changes throughout the day and pre- and post-workout can serve as an effective gauge as well.
Jason Wanlass, the owner of Champion Fitness Training in Meridian, has more than 20 years of experience in the fitness industry. Contact him at [email protected] or championfit.net. He writes a monthly fitness column.در شهر سویا اسپانیا از باقیمانده محصول پرتقال برق تولید میشود. از آب این میوه متان گرفته میشود تا در نیروگاههای برق استفاده شود. یک تن پرتقال میتواند برق مصرفی روزانه ۵ خانه را تامین کند. برنامه بعدی در این شهر استفاده از این روش برای تامین انرژی در حمل و نقل شهری است.Güncel teklif:
31 Mart 2020 tarihine kadar bir eBay Mastercard® hesabı açın ve hesabın açılmasından sonraki 30 gün içinde eBay'e 150 ABD Doları veya daha fazla harcama yaptığınızda 30 ABD doları tutarında ikramiye kredisi kazanın.
Bu Kredi Kartı Kimler İçin En İyisidir?
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İyi bir pazarlık içinde en iyi ürünleri ve lezzetleri özenle arar. Daha fazla kart görün.
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İstedikleri ve ihtiyaç duydukları şeyleri satın alırken bütçelerine bağlı kalmaya öncelik verir. Daha fazla kart görün.
Hevesli bir eBay müşterisi değilseniz, bu kart muhtemelen sizin için değildir. Karta başvurmak için bir eBay hesabına ihtiyacınız olmasının yanı sıra, ödül puanlarınız yalnızca platformda kullanılabilir ve en yüksek kazanç oranları eBay satın alımları için ayrılmıştır. Belki de kart için en uygun olanı eBay'de bir yan konser veya hobi olarak satın alan ve satan biri olacaktır.
Benzin istasyonları gibi kategorilerde daha fazla esneklik ve daha iyi kazanç potansiyeli arıyorsanız, restoranlar ve marketler, diğer geri ödeme ve ödül kartları ile daha iyi yapabilirsiniz.
EBay satın alımlarında iyi ödüller
Sınırlı ödeme seçenekleri
Düşük puan değeri
Artıları Açıklandı
- EBay satın alımlarında iyi ödüller: EBay'de çok fazla alışveriş yaparsanız, özellikle yıl için 1.000 dolara ulaştığınızda ve kazanç oranı 1 $ başına 1 ila 5 puan başına 3 puandan artarsa, puanlar gerçekten toplanabilir.
Eksileri Açıklaması
- Sınırlı ödeme seçenekleri: Puanlarınızı yalnızca gelecekteki eBay satın alımlarında kullanabilirsiniz. Diğer bazı kartlardan farklı olarak, nakit para ya da hediye kartlarını kullanamazsınız.
- Düşük puan değeri: Diğer birçok ödül kartıyla aldığınız puan başına yüzde 1'in altında olan The Balance’ın değerlemesine göre, kazandığınız her puan sadece 0,67 sent değerindedir.
Kayıt bonusu
EBay Mastercard'daki kayıt bonusu sadece sınırlı bir süre içindir. 31 Mart 2020'ye kadar hesabı açmanız ve 30 $ bonus e-kredi için 30 gün içinde eBay'e 150 $ harcamanız gerekiyor. Diğer pek çok ödül kartı bir kayıt bonusu kazanmak için (daha yüksek olsalar da olsa) daha uzun bir süre daha yüksek bir harcama gerektirdiğinden, kötü bir anlaşma değil, ancak hızlı bir şekilde harekete geçmelisiniz.
Puan ve Ödül Kazanma
Bir takvim yılında eBay'e harcanan ilk 1000 ABD Doları için harcanan her 1 ABD Doları için 3 puan kazanın. Bundan sonra, kazancınız yılın geri kalanında dolar başına 5 puana yükselir. Ayrıca benzin istasyonları, restoranlar ve marketlerde 1 $ başına 2 puan ve diğer tüm alışverişlerde 1 puan alırsınız.
EBay'deki uluslararası alımlar ve ABD doları cinsinden yapılmayan alımlar, harcanan 1 ABD doları başına 1 puan kazanacak ve 1.000 ABD Doları eşiğine dahil edilmeyecektir.
Ödüllerden Yararlanma
Puanlarınızı eBay'de satın alımlar ile ilgili vergiler ve nakliye ücretleri için kullanabilirsiniz. 1.500 kazanana kadar puanları kullanamazsınız. Bundan sonra, ödeme sırasında 1 cent kadar bile olsa puanlarınızı herhangi bir miktarda uygulayabilirsiniz.
EBay ödül oranları güçlü görünse de, her 1.500 puanın eBay satın alımlarında 10 $ indirim anlamına geldiğini unutmayın. Bu, her noktanın sadece 0,67 sent değerinde olduğu anlamına gelir.
Yıl için eBay satın alımlarında 2.000 ABD doları harcadığınızı varsayalım ki bu size 8.000 puan kazandırır. Gaz, yemek ve marketlere (diğer bonus kategorileri) 2.000 $ daha harcarsanız, bu da 4.000 puan demektir. Hep birlikte, harcadığınız 4.000 $, 80 $ veya% 2 geri değerinde 12.000 puan kazanacaktır.
Bir eBay hayranı değilseniz, bakkal, gaz veya yemek konusunda daha yüksek ödüller sunan ve ayrıca puan başına 1 sent veya daha yüksek bir itfa değerine sahip olabilecek diğer kartları düşünün. Genellikle bir markayla bağlantısı olmayan kartların genellikle daha esnek ödeme seçenekleri de vardır.
Eğer kullanmadıysanız ödül puanlarının süresi 24 ay içinde dolar. Puanlarınızın süresi, kartı kullanmamanızdan 12 ay sonra veya eBay kullanıcı hesabınız kapalıysa da sona erer.
Karttan En İyi Nasıl Yararlanılır
Büyük eBay harcamaları için, bu kartı platformdaki tüm işlemler için kullanmak, gelecekteki alışverişlerinizde tasarruf etmenize yardımcı olabilecek puanlar kazanmanın en iyi yoludur. Yıllık 1000 dolarlık harcama eşiğini ne kadar erken karşılarsanız, 1 dolar başına 5 puan kazanmaya o kadar çabuk başlarsınız.
Ancak bu eşiğe ulaştığınızda, aydan aya bir denge taşımaktan kaçının. The Balance’ın devam eden verilerine göre, bu kartla sunulan faiz oranları, tüm kredi kartları için ortalamadan ortalamaya göre yüzde 8'in üzerinde. kredi kartı faiz oranlarının analizi.
Bir eBay düzenli değilseniz, genel bir geri ödeme veya ödül kartı kullanarak eBay dışı harcamalarda neredeyse kesinlikle daha iyi
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يد به مقاله آني بوريه، "تولد موفقيت آميز يک دولت در تيمور"، لوموند ديپلماتيک، ژوئن ۲۰۰۲1944年6月6日（D日），盟军发动了诺曼底登陆战役，是迄今为止已知的最大规模的空军和海军舰队协同进攻。斯大林曾给丘吉尔写信评价道：“这是整个战争史上从来不曾出现过的壮举。”诺曼底之战使整个二战战略态势发生了根本性转折，也极大程度上决定了美国和欧洲此后的关系，并奠定了二战后世界的整体格局。 本书对诺曼底战役策划内幕和激战过程进行了详细的记录，震撼人心地再现了计划缜密、天衣无缝的欺敌行动，盟军破译德军密码系统，准确掌握了德军在诺曼底地区的防御配系和兵力部署情况，法国抵抗组织的敌后活动，盟国之间的复杂关系，密谋推翻希特勒的七月阴谋……最终获得巨大成功。本书以战争中的真实人性打动了无数读者，是 “一部战争史上永远无法超越的经典杰作”。 在2009年，本书荣登美国、英国、法国、西班牙、意大利等国家畅销书排行榜第一名。Açıklama
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Çocukların duygusal gelişimlerini güçlendirmek ve pekiştirmek amacıyla hazırlanan Duygu Kabukları Serisi’nin bu ilk kitabı, sevimli bir kaplumbağanın yaşadıklarından yola çıkarak kaygı duygusu ve bununla baş etme yöntemlerini akıcı ve eğlenceli bir dille ele alıyor.
Serinin diğer kitapları: Hayalkırıklığı, Heyecan, Korku, Öfke ve Kıskançlık.يک تلگرام ديپلماتيک که در وبسايت ويکی ليکس متشر شده است از افزايش انتقال محموله های هروئين از ايران به مقصد اروپا خبر می دهد.
روزنامه نروژی آفتن پستن هفته گذشته اين تلگرام را منتشر کرد که ظاهرا متعلق به يک مقام دفتر مواد مخدر سازمان ملل متحد در باکو است.
اين تلگرام می گويد توقيف هروئين آماده عرضه به بازار در آذربايجان از ۲۰ کيلوگرم در سال ۲۰۰۶، به ۵۹۰۰۰ کيلوگرم در سه ماهه اول سال ۲۰۰۹ افزايش يافته است.
در تلگرام ديپلماتيک، ايران، به عنوان مبدأ ۹۵ درصد از اين مواد مخدر ذکر شده است و روزنامه آلمانی دی ولتور روز يکشنبه جزئيات آن را چاپ کرد.
اين مدارک به نقل از يک مقام سازمان ملل متحد می گويد حدود ۸۵ درصد از محموله های هروئين، از طريق زمينی و ۱۵ درصد باقی مانده از طريق دريايی، از ايران وارد آذربايجان می شود.
مسئولان همکاری آذربايجان و ايران در مبارزه با مواد مخدر را صرفا مصنوعی توصيف کرده اند.
اين در حالی است که رسانه های رسمی ايرانی روز دوشنبه از هزينه صدها ميليون دلار در راه مبارزه با قاچاق مواد مخدر از کشورهای همسايه، بويژه افغانستان خبر دادند.
جمهوری اسلامی، نهادهای بين المللی، از جمله سازمان ملل متحد را به کمک به ايران در اين راه، فراخوانده است.纽约港务局巴士总站地铁站爆炸后，一名男子被拘留。 – 法新社照片
纽约：周一早上高峰期间，一名携带管式炸弹的男子在纽约地铁拥挤的通道中引爆，严重受伤，但另外三人受轻伤
纽约市长比尔·德·布拉西奥（Bill de Blasio）称这次爆炸是“企图进行的恐怖袭击”，并确定了27岁的阿卡耶德·乌拉赫（Akayed Ullah）
爆炸发生在纽约港务局巴士总站的地铁站上午高峰时段，离城市标志性的时代广场不远，引发了通勤者的恐慌和旅行中断
随着调查的继续，地铁列车绕过港务局和时代广场站
轰炸机被羁押并送到医院，并在他的身体上烧伤。
爆炸震撼了911袭击事件中仍然留下的一座城市，10月31日发生卡车袭击，造成8人死亡，死在自行车道上
“这是纽约。实际情况是，我们是许多谁想发表反对民主，反对自由的目标，“纽约州州长安德鲁·科莫告诉记者。
“这是一个企图的恐怖袭击，”市长比尔·德·布拉西奥补充说。 “感谢上帝没有实现他的最终目标。”
纽约警方专员詹姆斯·奥尼尔（James O'Neill）说，这名二十七岁的嫌犯曾将爆炸装置（类似于一个粗管炸弹）绑在他的身上。他遭受了手和腹部的烧伤以及其他伤害。
在社交媒体上流传的照片显示，这名男子双手背在背后，躯干受伤。
前纽约警察局长比尔·布拉顿（Bill Bratton）告诉MSNBC电视台，他曾被告知，嫌疑人原来是来自孟加拉国，可能是以伊斯兰国家集团的名义行事的
警方迅速撤离了港务局，关闭了该地区的道路，这些道路上充满了警车和救护车，灯光闪闪
白宫发言人萨拉·赫卡比·桑德斯（Sarah Huckabee Sanders）在Twitter上写道，唐纳德·特朗普（Donald Trump）总统被告知爆炸事件。
– “我们最糟糕的噩梦之一” –
这座城市始终处于恐怖袭击的目标之中，在假期之前处于高度戒备状态，每年都会在时代广场举行除夕庆祝活动，每年都有数十万狂欢者参加。
10月31日，来自乌兹别克斯坦的移民Sayfullo Saipov开着一辆租来的卡车，沿着繁忙的自行车和人行道行驶，造成8人死亡，12人受伤。
这是自9/11以来在纽约发生的第一起致命的恐怖袭击事件，尽管之后几个地块被打乱了
周一的袭击事件突显了纽约市最大的弱点 – 地下交通系统。
库莫说：
地铁站里的一枚炸弹“在很多方面是我们最糟糕的噩梦之一”
“我们港口有自由女神像，这使我们成为国际目标。我们明白，“他补充说。 -AFP
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阅读更多Il Libano è ostaggio da sempre di influenze straniere, e oggi, ormai indipendente, non riesce a liberarsene per esercitare appieno la propria sovranità. Vera e propria cassa di risonanza del conflitto israelo-palestinese e della guerra in Siria, il Libano è al centro del duello tra i due giganti della regione mediorientale: l’Iran e l’Arabia Saudita.Coğrafi İşaret Nedir?
Coğrafi işaret tescili, belirli bir coğrafi kökene sahip olan ve bu kökene bağlı olarak nitelikleri veya itibarı olan ürünlerde kullanılan bir işarettir. Coğrafi işaret tesciline başvurabilmek için, bir ürünün belirli bir yerde ortaya çıkan olarak tanımlanması gerekir. Ek olarak, ürünün nitelikleri, özellikleri veya itibarı, esasen menşei yeri nedeniyle olmalıdır. Nitelikler coğrafi üretim yerine bağlı olduğundan, ürün ile orijinal üretim yeri arasında açık bir bağlantı vardır.
Coğrafi İşaret Tescili Hangi Hakları Sağlar?
Coğrafi işaret hakkı, ürünü geçerli standartlara uymayan üçüncü bir şahıs tarafından kullanılmasını önlemek için cağrafi işareti kullanma hakkına sahip olanlara izin verir. Örneğin, Hatay künefesi coğrafi işaretinin korunduğu bölgelerde, Hatay künefesi üreticileri, Hatay künefesinde kullanılmayan malzemeleri kullanması, farklı şekillerde üretmeye kalkması veya uygulama kurallarında belirtilen standartlara uygun olarak üretmemesi durumunda Hatay künefesi teriminin kullanılmasını yasaklayabilir. Bununla birlikte, korunan bir coğrafi işaret, sahibinin bir kimsenin bu endikasyon standartlarında belirtilen tekniklerle aynı ürünü kullanarak bir ürün yapmasını engellemesini sağlamaz.
Coğrafi İşaret Tescili Başvurusu
Coğrafi bir göstergeye karşı koruma, genellikle göstergeyi oluşturan işaret üzerinde bir hak edinerek elde edilir. Coğrafi işaretler genellikle tarım ürünleri, gıda maddeleri, şarap ve alkollü içecekler, el sanatları ve endüstriyel ürünler için kullanılır. Coğrafi işaretler bir ürünü “markalaştırmaya” yardımcı olur ve onu pazardaki diğer ürünlerden farklılaştırır. Tüketicilere, ürünün orijinal olduğundan ve menşei nedeniyle belirli özelliklere sahip olduğunu garanti eder. Tipik olarak bir coğrafi işaret, ürünün kaynaklandığı yer adıdır. Diğer fikri mülkiyet haklarının çoğundan farklı olarak, coğrafi işaretler toplu haklardır. Ticari markada olduğu gibi “sahip” yoktur. Coğrafi işaretin kullanımını düzenleyen hükümlere uyan herkes kullanma hakkına sahiptir.متقاعدکردن موفقیت آمیز یک تهیه کننده، به سختی متقاعدکردن یک سرمایه گذار نیست
شاید حتی فکر پخش شدن تصویرتان از تلویزیون وحشتناک و دلهره آور به نظر برسد. اگر در صحبت در میان جمع راحت نیستید، اگر از نظر اجتماعی مشکل دارید، یا از قرارگرفتن در روبروی دوربین وحشت زده می شوید (مثلا به نفس نفس زدن می افتید)، در اینصورت احتمالا بهتر است که از تبلیغات چاپی و رسانه های اینترنتی استفاده کنید. اما اگر از تصور قرارگرفتن در قاب تلویزیون مضطرب و هیجان زده شده اید، در اینصورت به خواندن این مطلب ادامه بدهید.
پیداکردن یک رابط مناسب روابط عمومی در تلویزیون (مثلا یک تهیه کننده یا گزارشگر ویژه) می تواند کار دشواری باشد. هر برنامه تلویزیونی، تهیه کنندگان و گزارشگران متعدد مخصوص به خودش را دارد (مثلا تهیه کننده مجموعه، تهیه کننده بخش ها و مواردی از این قبیل)، بنابراین لازم است با فردی که از همه مناسب تر است تماس بگیرید. از طریق سایت های اینترنتی شبکه ها می توانید تهیه کنندگانی که برنامه ها و بخش های مختلف برنامه ها را تحت پوشش می دهند را پیدا کنید.
به علاوه، می توانید تیتراژ برنامه را ضبط کنید و بعدا آن را بررسی کنید. اگر نتوانستید تهیه کننده یا گزارشگر ویژه مناسبی را پیدا کنید، در اینصورت می توانید با شبکه ها تماس گرفته و سراغ تهیه کننده یا گزارشگری را بگیرید که بخشی که با تخصص یا برند شما هماهنگ است را پوشش می دهد.
- نوشتن متن معرفی
متن شما باید حاوی ایده خاصی برای یک داستان یا بخش باشد. به خاطر داشته باشید که این متن را در مورد شخصیت خود نمی نویسید (هنگامی که مشهور شدید، شرایط تغییر خواهد کرد. اما فعلا سادگی را حفظ کنید). همانظور که احتمالا می دانید، بهترین متن ها برای معرفی، متن هایی هستند که رویدادهای جاری و آخرین گرایش ها را نیز مورد توجه قرار می دهند.
- عنوان
برای اینکه عنوان متن شما توجه تهیه کننده را به خود جلب کند، باید بسیار جذاب باشد و با مقتضیات زمانی نیز هماهنگ باشد. تهیه کنندگان همه روزه درخواست های متعددی را دریافت می کنند، بنابراین درخواست شما باید متمایز باشد. به علاوه، عنوان شما باید این ویژگیها را هم داشته باشد:
- در ۱۲ کلمه یا کمتر خلاصه شده باشد
- نام و حوزه فعالیت برندی که معرفی می کنید را در آن گنجانده باشید
- بدنه متن
در اینجا باید اطمینان پیدا کنید که ایمیلی که ارسال می کنید، نشان می دهد که مخاطبین برنامه مورد نظر را می شناسید و می دانید که چه چیزهایی برای آنها سرگرم کننده است. در این رابطه، به نکات زیر توجه کنید:
می توانید در مقدمه معرفی خود یک زیرعنوان کوتاه اضافه کنید تا اطلاعات بیشتری را به خواننده ارائه کرده باشید.
تهیه کننده یا گزارشگر مورد نظر خود را با احترام خطاب کنید. اطمینان پیدا کنید که نام آنها را درست می نویسید. در غیر اینصورت، مقصد متن شما جایی جز سطل زباله نخواهد بود.
بدنه متن شما باید چیزی نزدیک به ۲۰۰ کلمه باشد. اطمینان پیدا کنید که پنج تا هفت نکته برای گفتگوی بعدی را نیز در متن می گنجانید (منظور مواردی است که در مصاحبه به آسانی می توانید درباره آنها صحبت کنید. این موارد با فهرست هایی که معمولا برای معرفی یک محصول یا خدمات ذکر می شود متفاوت است.)
قانون طلایی در رابطه با معرفی در تلویزیون این است که کمتر، بهتر است. معرفی شما باید جالب، کوتاه و دقیق و نافذ باشد. اگر چشم تهیه کننده به سرعت از روی متن شما عبور کرد، بازی تمام است. پس از پایان بدنه معرفی، یک بخش ۲۰۰ کلمه ای (یا کمتر) را به بیوگرافی خود اختصاص بدهید. با گنجاندن دستاوردها و توانمندی های خود در متن، به خواننده اجازه بدهید تا شما را بیشتر بشناسد. افزودن اطلاعات تماس را فراموش نکنید.
و بالاخره، حتما باید یک کلیپ ویدیویی را نیز ضمیمه کنید تا رسانه مورد نظر بتواند ببیند که شما چه کسی هستید و ظاهرتان در تلویزیون چگونه خواهد بود. تهیه کنندگان شما را در برابر دوربین قرار نخواهند داد، مگر اینکه به وضوح ببینند که در تلویزیون راحت هستید و طبیعی رفتار می کنید. اگر کلیپ ویدیویی ندارید، می توانید یک ویدیو از یک سخنرانی، جلسه آموزشی یا نوع مرتبط دیگری از کلیپ ویدیویی را ضمیمه کنید.
- پس از معرفی
مشابه با معرفی در اینترنت و متن چاپی، اگر در عرض چند روز پاسخی دریافت نکردید، با یک ایمیل اوضاع و احوال را جویا شوید. در صورتی که باز هم پاسخی دریافت نکردید، پیش از آنکه به سراغ یک برنامه دیگر بروید می توانید یک یا دوبار دیگر نیز ایمیل ارسال کنید.
اگر انتخاب شدید، اطمینان پیدا کنید که سر موقع در محل حاضر می شوید، ضمناً با همه رفتار خوبی داشته باشید – مِن جمله مسئول پذیرش، کارآموزان و حتی آبدارچی. اگر بدانید که چه تعداد از مردم شانس خود برای گرفتن یک قرار ملاقات مجدد را فقط با بی احترامی نسبت به کارکنان مجموعه نابود می کنند تعجب خواهید کرد.
به علاوه، کمی وقت بگذارید و پس از هر مصاحبه، یک یادداشت تشکرآمیز ارسال کنید. این حرکت های کوچک می توانند تاثیر قابل توجهی در پذیرش یا فراهم شدن یک وقت مصاحبه اضافی دیگر داشته باشند.
entrepreneur这些数据背后有一个对比结果，即“星地量子密钥”的传输效率，比传统的技术——也就是同等距离地面光纤信道，要高出20个数量级，即提升万亿亿倍。第四次工业革命的到来，正使得人们的生产生活悄然发生嬗变……所谓第四次工业革命，即以智能化为核心，以人工智能、物联网等技术为代表的新工业革命。与之相比，052C型驱逐舰要更先进一些，配备是国产H/LJG-346型主动相控阵雷达，垂发单元仍然为48个，分为8组，每组6个单元，舰岛前方有6组，后有2组。而且它在油耗、价格上完胜1.8的水平，以至于我甚至怀疑1.8的存在意义。Henry Ford Quotes
People can have the Model T in any color - so long as it's black.
Remark about Model T made in 1909 according to autobiography. Ford was forced to introduce a choice of colors in 1925.
Some day the ethics of business will be universally recognized, and in that day business will be seen to be the oldest and most useful of all the professions.
My Life and Work (1922)
As long as we look to legislation to cure poverty or to abolish special privilege we are going to see poverty spread and special privilege grow.
My Life and Work
Failure is simply the opportunity to begin again, this time more intelligently. There is no disgrace in honest failure; there is disgrace in fearing to fail.
My Life and Work
The highest use of capital is not to make more money, but to make money do more for the betterment of life.
My Life And Work
Business is never so good and sound and healthy as when, like a chicken, it must do a certain amount of scratching for what it gets.
Ford Ideals (1922). The book was comprised of a selection from "Mr. Ford's Page" in The Dearborn Independent.
The only history that is worth a tinker's damn is the history we make today.
Chicago Tribune, May 25, 1916
I believe God is managing affairs and that He doesn't need any advice from me. With God in charge, I believe everything will work out for the best in the end. So what is there to worry about.
When everything seems to be going against you, remember that the airplane takes off against the wind, not with it.
If there is any great secret of success in life, it lies in the ability to put yourself in the other person’s place and to see things from his point of view-as well as your own.
Money doesn’t change men, it merely unmasks them. If a man is naturally selfish or arrogant or greedy, the money brings that out, that is all.
Old men are always advising young men to save money. That is bad advice. Don’t save every nickel. Invest in yourself. I never saved a dollar until I was forty years old.
The cure for materialism is to have enough for everybody and to share. When people are sure of having what they need they cease to think about
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lio di una corrente catodica, si provoca una diminuzione del potenziale. Con questo valore (<-850mV), denominato potenziale di protezione catodica, si arresta praticamente il processo elettrochimico della corrosione; la velocità di corrosione si riduce pertanto a un valore trascurabile, pari a meno di dieci micrometri l'anno.
Gli impianti di protezione catodica delle condotte contro la corrosione sono controllati dall'IFO a ritmo triennale (cosiddetto controllo dell'efficacia operativa). In questa occasione sono fissati anche i valori di regolazione e i valori limite che devono essere raggiunti nel quadro dei controlli della funzionalità periodici effettuati dall'esercente.Ogni misurazione si conclude con la compilazione di un rapporto di controllo.
Fine zona contenutoنمایندگان مجلس شورای اسلامی به طرح استیضاح وزیر اقتصاد رای موافق دادند.
بررسی طرح استیضاح مسعود کرباسیان وزیر امور اقتصادی و دارایی در دستور کار جلسه علنی روز یکشنبه مجلس شورای اسلامی قرار داشت که پس از اظهارات نمایندگان متقاضی استیضاح و دفاعیات وزیر، نمایندگان با ۱۳۷ رای موافق، ۱۲۱ رای مخالف و ۲ رای ممتنع از مجموع ۲۶۰ نماینده با استیضاح وزیر اقتصاد موافقت کردند.
استیضاح کرباسیان در ۱۷ محور و با ۳۳ امضاء تقدیم هیئت رئیسه مجلس شده بود و موضوعاتی شامل عدم شفافیت در اقتصاد کشور، مشکلات ناشی از نوسانات نرخ ارز و نابسامانی در نظام بانکی را در بر می گرفت.
علی لاریجانی رئیس مجلس پس از اعلام نتیجه آرا گفت: امیدواریم آقای کرباسیان در مسندهای دیگر توفیق های بیشتری داشته باشد.
به گزارش ایسنا، گفتنی است دو هفته قبل نیز نمایندگان با رای موافق به استیضاح علی ربیعی وزیر تعاون کار و رفاه اجتماعی، وی را برکنار کردند.5热度
名称：通讯术
类别：普通魔法
需求：较低魔力，材料，仪式
描述：该法术需要施法者预先利用各种植物，动物干尸等物品炼制出魔药之蒸汽熏染自身，这样施法者即会进入一种恍惚状态，精神在现实与神秘层界之间不停穿梭，直至寻找到想要联系之人，此时事先被附魔的布制品便会如同被隐形之人敷在面部一般悬浮在半空中，承载施法者想要联系之人的意志/精神。
评价：描述多为脑补。
标签：魔法 翡翠城Diplomata nel 2005 al Centro Sperimentale di Cinematografia, Sara Tosti ha lavorato in teatro, in televisione e in numerosi cortometraggi. Al cinema la troviamo per la prima volta nel film Giulia non esce la sera di Giuseppe Piccioni e più tardi recita anche in Viaggio sola di Maria Sole Tognazzi. Nel 2013 è protagonista dell'esordio cinematografico di Ciro De Caro Spaghetti Story.Ayrık nizam parsellerinin bulunduğu bölgede imar durumunun izin verdiği ölçüde yapı boyutları belirlendi. Yapı ebat ve kat adetlerinin sınırlı olması nedeniyle tasarım açısından net bir dikdörtgen form tercih edildi.
Açık bir kuzey-doğu manzarasının olması tasarımda veri olarak kullanıldı. Yolun karşısında bulunan park yapının daha geniş açıdan algılanmasına katkı sağlamaktadır. Yapı parsele yerleştirilirken güneyinde bulunan binadan uzaklaştırılarak, kuzeye ve arkaya doğru çekildi, Türkocağı caddesinden daha görünür hale getirildi. Elde edilen alan giriş ve otopark olarak değerlendirildi.نماینده ویژه ایالات متحده در امور ایران در وزارت خارجه آمریکا در نخستین واکنش به گزارش تحقیقی رویترز درباره دستور علی خامنهای رهبر جمهوری اسلامی ایران در کشتار حدود ۱۵۰۰ معترض گفت که جامعه جهانی باید خاطیان این کشتار را منزوی کند.
حساب توئیتری وزارت خارجه آمریکا روز دوشنبه ۲ دی با انعکاس نظر برایان هوک، به نقل از او نوشت: گزارش رویترز در مورد دستور خامنهای به کشتار نشانهای از اضطرار برای جامعه جهانی است که خاطیان را مجازات کرده و رژیم را برای کشتن یک هزار و ۵۰۰ شهروند ایرانی منزوی کند.
پیشتر، روز دوشنبه رویترز در گزارشی از کشته شدن حدود ۱۵۰۰ نفر در اعتراضات آبانماه در ایران خبر داد و به نقل از سه منبع نزدیک به رهبر جمهوری اسلامی نوشت که خامنه ای به مقامات دولتی و امنیتی دستور داده بود برای متوقف کردن اعتراضات «هر کاری لازم است» انجام دهند.
همچنین، ریک اسکات، نماینده جمهوریخواه ایالت فلوریدا در مجلس سنای آمریکا، در واکنش به گزارش ویژه رویترز در مورد کشته شدن ۱۵۰۰ تن از مردم ایران به دستور مستقیم علی خامنهای گفت که مردم ایران فریادی برای آزادی از اهریمن سردادهاند.
خبرگزاری رویترز روز دوشنبه دوم دی ماه و در گزارشی ویژه به نقل از سه منبع وزارت کشور در ایران نوشت که علی خامنه ای، رهبر جمهوری اسلامی چند روز پس از اعتراضات سراسری در ایران در ماه گذشته «بیقرار شده بود» و با جمع کردن مقامات ارشد امنیتی و دولتی خود، دستور داد که «هر کاری لازم است برای متوقف کردن آنها انجام دهید.»
رویترز شرح این دستور را از سوی سه منبع نزدیک به محفل خامنهای و یک مقام چهارم گزارش داده و نوشته است که این دستور «خونینترین سرکوب معترضان از زمان انقلاب اسلامی در سال ۱۹۷۹ » را در پی داشته است.
بنابر این گزارش در حدود کمتر از دو هفته ناآرامی در ایران که از ۱۵ نوامبر(۲۴ آبان ماه) آغاز شد، «حدود۱۵۰۰ نفر کشته شدند. تعداد تلفات، که توسط سه مقام وزارت کشور ایران به رویترز داده شده است ، شامل حداقل ۱۷ نوجوان و حدود ۴۰۰ زن و همچنین برخی از اعضای نیروهای امنیتی» است.
در گزارش رویترز کشته شدن یک پسر ۱۶ ساله با اصابت گلوله در یکی از شهرهای غربی ایران نیز شرح داده شده است.
رویترز نوشت که این آمار ارائه شده به این خبرگزاری «براساس اطلاعات جمعآوری شده از نیروهای امنیتی، عزاداریها، بیمارستانها و پزشکی قانونی» بدست آمده است.
پیش از این برایان هوک نماینده ویژه آمریکا در امور ایران گفته بود که از آغاز اعتراضات ایران شاید ۱۰۰۰ نفر کشته شده باشند؛ ولی رژیم ایران اجازه اطلاعرسانی دقیق نمیدهد.
آماری که رویترز ارائه داده است بیشتر از آماری است که از سوی گروههای حقوق بشری و ایالات متحده گزارش شده بود. سازمان عفو بین الملل در آخرین گزارش خود آمار کشته شدگان اعتراضات آبان ماه را ۳۰۴ نفر اعلام کرد.
با گذشت بیش از چندین هفته از اعتراضات آبان ماه هنوز مقامات حکومت ایران آمار دقیقی از کشته شدگان و زخمیهای این اعتراضات ارائه ندادهاند.
دستور خامنه ای برای «متوقف کردن اعتراضات» چه بود؟
رویترز به نقل از سه منبع نزدیک به خامنه ای نوشت که، در این جلسه « رهبر ۸۰ ساله که حرف آخر را در مورد همه امور ایالتی در کشور دارد، صدای خود را بلند کرد و از نوع برخورد با ناآرامیها انتقاد کرد. او همچنین از سوزاندن تصویر خود و تخریب مجسمه بنیانگذار فقید جمهوری اسلامی، آیت الله روحالله خمینی، خشمگین شد.»
رویترز نوشت که در جلسه ای که آن شب در «اقامتگاه رسمی» خامنه ای در یک مجتمع حفاظت شده در مرکز تهران برگزار شده است، «مقامات ارشد از جمله معاونان امنیتی، حسن روحانی، رئیسجمهور، و اعضای کابینه» حضور داشتهاند.
بنابر گزارش رویترز یکی از این منابع این خبرگزاری از خامنه ای در این جلسه نقل کرد که «جمهوری اسلامی در خطر است. هر کاری میتوانید بکنید تا جلوی آن را بگیرید. شما دستور من را دارید. »
در ادامه این گزارش آمده است که خامنه ای در این جلسه در صورت متوقف نکردن اعتراضات مقامات حاضر را « مسئول عواقب اعتراضات» دانسته بود.
یکی از منابع به رویترز گفت «دشمنان میخواستند جمهوری اسلامی را سرنگون کنند و نیاز به واکنش سریع بود.»
رویترز به نقل از یک مقام چهارم نیز درباره جلسه ۲۶ آبان ماه نوشت که خامنه ای به صراحت گفت که تظاهرات «نیاز به پاسخی قوی دارد.»
این سه منبع به رویترز گفتند «خامنهای نسبت به این اعتراضات به ویژه در شهرهای کوچک و طبقه کارگر که پایگاه اصلی قدرت رای دهی به جمهوری اسلامی محسوب می شود، خشمگین و نگران بوده است.»
در پی افزایش ناگهانی قیمت بنزین، ایران شاهد اعتراضات گسترده مردم علیه جمهوری اسلامی بود. روز جمعه ۲۴ آبان ماه پس از انتشار ناگهانی خبر گرانی بنزین، در شهرهای مختلف ایران صورت گرفت و تنها یک روز بعد از آغاز اعتراضات، جمهوری اسلامی شنبه شب ۲۵ آبان اینترنت را تقریبا به طور کامل قطع کرد.
پرزیدنت دونالد ترامپ نیز روز سهشنبه ۱۲ آذر بار دیگر به برخوردها دولت ایران با مردم معترض واکنش نشان داد و در حاشیه گردهمایی سران کشورهای عضو ناتو گفت: «این بسیار تاسفبار است که معترضان در ایران فقط به دلیل این که اعتراض کردهاند، کشته شدند.»
رئیس جمهوری آمریکا در حاشیه این گردهمایی چند بار به موضوع معترضان ایران و حمایت آمریکا از مردم ایران اشاره کرد و گفت: «معترضان در ایران به دنبال آزادی هستند و ما به طور کامل از آنها حمایت میکنیم.»
منبع مطلب وبسایت صدای آمریکا است.绕组短路是指由于电源电压过高、电流过大、绕组受潮和受振动磨损、修理嵌线时不慎把导线外层的绝缘物擦破等原因使线圈导线绝缘损坏造成的两铜线直接碰撞，使得电流不经过负荷而直接构成了回路。
发生电机匝间短路，会有以下现象：
1)被短路的线圈中将流过很大的环流(常达正常电流的2---10倍)，使线圈严重发热;
2)三相电流不平衡，电动机转矩降低;
3)产生杂音;
4)短路严重时，电动机不能带负载起动。
匝间短路在刚开始时，可能只有两根导线因交叠处绝缘磨坏而接触。
由于短路线匝内产生环流，使线圈迅速发热，进一步损坏邻近导线的绝缘，使短路的匝数不断增多、故障扩大。
(l)局部修理。因为绕组的端部暴露在定子铁芯外面，受到机械碰撞的机会相对多一些。因此，单层绕组若发生相间短路故障.肯定是端部相间绝缘损坏。这时，把有故障的线圈加热软化，趁热撬动线圈，将绝缘损坏的导线重新包好绝缘，并把相间绝缘塞人有故障的两组线圈之间即可。
匝间短路也是端部出现的机会多，如果短路故障不太严重时，可以把导线包以绝缘，刷上绝缘漆，烘干后将其紧贴线圈即可。若端部绝缘套管和绕组引线绝缘损坏引起短路，只要把损坏的地方重新包以绝缘，捆绑好即可。
双层电机绕组相间短路除了端接部;洲绝缘损坏以外，还有可能是层间绝缘损坏造成的。这时需加热故障线圈，趁热打出槽楔，小心扒出上层线圈，根据情况对导线进行绝缘处理后，再在槽中垫上新的层间绝缘，然后把上层边线圈小心放人槽中，封好槽纸，打上槽楔，故障即可排除。
(2)更换线圈。若线圈匝间短路严重，必须更换新的线圈。
(3)跨接修理法。若电机急需使用，可采用跨接法切除短路故障线圈，但必须把短路线圈端部剪断并包好绝缘，以免产生短路电流。
(4)穿绕修理法。若某个线圈绕组匝间短路严重，而线圈又是由单根较粗的漆包线绕制的，为了避免损坏其他线圈，还可以用穿绕修理法来更换该短路线圈。
第一步，先将绕组加热使绝缘软化，并把故障线圈的槽楔打出。
第二步，剪断故障线圈的端部，用钳子把故障线圈的导线一根一根拽出来。
第三步。清理定子槽空间，用一层聚酷薄膜复合青壳纸卷成圆简，插人槽内构成新的指绝缘。
第四步，用规格相同的新导线一匝一匝地穿绕在两个定子槽中，穿绕的匝数和故障线圈的匝数必须相等，当穿绕最后几匝比较困难时，可用光滑尖头的钢针(把自行车圈上的钢丝磨光)事先透一透，挤出导线的空间，然后引导导线穿绕过去。
第五步，封槽口，打人槽楔，整理端部，接线、刷绝缘漆、烘干。
以上就是青海精广电机修理厂为大家带来的有关青海电机修理厂：直流电机绕组短路故障的修理的信息分享，欢迎大家在我们的网站上留言，评论，我们会尽最大的努力，做的更好！本文出自：青海精广电机修理有限公司，如需转载请注明出处Authors: Blair D. Macdonald
Greenhouse theory has at its foundation a special group of trace gases and molecules and together these gases are claimed to be the only to absorb infrared radiation. The assumption the remaining gases nitrogen and oxygen do not absorb or emit infrared radiation’ presents a paradox; it contradicts both quantum mechanics and thermodynamics – where all matter above absolute 0 0Kelvin radiates IR photons. In this study the role of thermoelectrics to determine the ‘infrared atmosphere’ was investigated. It was hypothesised current greenhouse theory has misinterpreted the special greenhouse gases (CO2 etc.) for the thermoelectric gases as they and their spectra ‘modes’ are only detected by thermoelectric transducers. It was concluded the special (1%) greenhouse gases, discovered by Tyndall in ca. 1859, are really the thermoelectric gases, detected only by receiving thermo-electric transducers. ‘IR’ spectroscopy is also based on these thermoelectric transducers, and as a consequence ‘IR’ spectrographs show only the spectra modes with electric dipoles and not Raman modes. All Blackbody radiation theory is determined from thermoelectrics alone and requires revision in light of modern Raman laser Spectroscopy. From this thermoelectric understanding in conjunction with modern Raman Spectroscopy, it was concluded current greenhouse theory is incomplete and misconceived – all of the atmosphere radiates IR radiation in compliance of the said laws; the only thing separating the gases are the instruments detecting them.
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You are equally welcome to be positive or negative about any paper but please be polite. If you are being critical you must mention at least one specific error, otherwise your comment will be deleted as unhelpful.Suppose we wish to invest $14,000. We have identified four investment opportunities. Investment 1 requires an investment of $5,000 and has a present value (a time-discounted value) of $8,000; investment 2 requires $7,000 and has a value of $11,000; investment 3 requires $4,000 and has a value of $6,000; and investment 4 requires $3,000 and has a value of $4,000. Into which investments should we place our money so as to maximize our total present value?
As in linear programming, our first step is to decide on our variables. This can be much more difficult in integer programming because there are very clever ways to use integrality restrictions. In this case, we will use a 0-1 variable for each investment. If is 1 then we will make investment j. If it is 0, we will not make the investment. This leads to the 0-1 programming problem:
Now, a straightforward ``bang for buck'' suggests that investment 1 is the best choice. In fact, ignoring integrality constraints, the optimal linear programming solution is , , , for a value of $22,000. Unfortunately, this solution is not integral. Rounding down to 0 gives a feasible solution with a value of $19,000. There is a better integer solution, however, of , for a value of $21,000. This example shows that rounding does not necessarily give an optimal value.
There are a number of additional constraints we might want to add. For instance, consider the following constraints:
All of these, and many more logical restrictions, can be enforced using 0-1 variables. In these cases, the constraints are:Eşcinsel olduğu gerekçesiyle Naziler tarafından toplama kamplarına götürülen ‘Pembe Üçgen’in hayatta kalan son temsilcisi Rudolf Brazda, Fransa’da hayatını kaybetti.
Brazda, eşcinsel olduğu için Hitler döneminde sürgün edilen kişilerden biriydi. Eşcinseller, Nazi rejiminin baskı ve soykırımlarına sadece cinsel yönelimlerinden dolayı maruz kaldılar. Naziler eşcinselliği, ırkın devamı önünde tehlikeli bir salgın olarak görüyorlardı. Naziler tarafından toplama kamplarına konulan eşcinsel erkeklere Pembe Üçgen takılıyordu. Eşcinsel kadınlar ise Siyah Üçgen takmak zorunda bırakılmıştı.
Toplama kamplarında
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0 | 2 | 0 |
. türk hava kuvvetleri 1980'lerin sonunda f-16'ya geçerek yeni bir çağa adım atmıştı. hava kuvvetleri'nden emekli subay/astsubay tanığınız varsa sorun, f-100 ve f-104 zamanında yapılan tayyarecilik nasıldı, f-16 geldikten sonra hava kuvvetleri tepeden tırnağa nasıl dönüştü size anlatsınlar. eğer f-35 alımı gerçekleşirse hava kuvvetlerimiz için yeni bir çağ başlayacak. ancak bu alım tüm hava gücünün f-35'e göre tasarlanması yerine belli sayıda f-35 alımı ile sınırlı olmalı. çünkü uçağın görev planlaması ve lojistik sistemi bizim gibi ülkeler için son derece riskli. en fazla iki filo yani toplam 50 uçakla 5. nesil jet uçağına geçiş, f-4'lerden boşalacak filoya yunanistan'ın mirage 2000 ile yaptığı gibi jas-39 gripen alınması, kendi 5. nesil uçağımızı yapmaya son sürat devam etmek en akılcı yaklaşım.
f-35 askeri havacılığa getirdiği yeniliklerle çok önemli bir uçak. ancak hala gelişim aşamasında. bu yüzden kendisinden beklenenlere derhal cevap verebilmesi hemen mümkün değil. örneğin üstteki yazar norveç hava kuvvetleri'nin f-35 uçaklarındaki dragchute denilen fren paraşütlerinin sağlıklı çalışmadığını paylaşmış. bu fren paraşütü sadece norveç uçaklarında bulunuyor. nedeni de norveç'in buz tutan pistlerinde uçağın frenleme performansını artırmak. norveç uçaklarına eklenen bir parçayla uçaklara fren paraşütü kazandırılmış. mühendisler bu problemi çözeceklerdir.
biraz uzun oldu ama f-35 uçağının askeri havacılığa getirdiği yenilikler ve 21. yy'da askeri havacılığın nereye evrileceğini anlatmaya çalıştım. odtü'den cahit çıray hoca geleceğin insansız hava araçlarında olduğunu bu nedenle f-35'e karşı çıktığını söylüyor. kendisine tamamen katılmakla birlikte, insansız uçaklar için biraz daha zamana ihtiyaç duyulduğunu, uçakların bir müddet daha pilotlar tarafından uçurulması gerekeceğini düşünüyorum. türkiye'nin f-16'yı nasıl seçtiğini anlattığı videoyu da izlemenizi tavsiye ederim.Rimuovere le batterie dal controller (se installato). Se non si dispone di un cacciavite TR8, il bit può essere trovato nel kit di driver a 64 bit.
Rimuovere la vite sotto l'etichetta del coperchio della batteria. Per fare questo, buca un buco nel vano batteria in cui è contrassegnata la foto. Si trova approssimativamente nel centro dell'alloggiamento della batteria, dove è indicato sul mio controller.
Rimuovere il rivestimento laterale dal controller, insieme al 4 TR8 viti. Metti da parte il rivestimento e le viti in un posto sicuro.
Con le viti rimosse dal retro, capovolgere il controller in avanti. Rimuovere la copertura in plastica anteriore.
Con il coperchio in plastica anteriore rimosso, rimuovere il guscio posteriore del controller. Uno strumento di leva di plastica può essere utilizzato se è più facile.
Rimuovere la shell dopo aver rilasciato le linguette della batteria.
Rimuovere il coperchio del pulsante di accensione dal controller. Se il gruppo LB / RB è separato, rimuoverlo. Se necessario, è possibile utilizzare uno strumento di leva di plastica.
Rimuovi il pulsante di sincronizzazione wireless. Posiziona questo su una superficie luminosa per evitare il disallineamento.
Se entrambi i trigger hanno bisogno di essere riparati, eseguine uno alla volta.
Prima di tagliare il termorestringente, fare due segni di allineamento che non si incrociano. Questi verranno utilizzati per l'allineamento in seguito.
Dopo aver effettuato i segni di allineamento, tagliare il tubo termoretraibile del gruppo grilletto con un coltello multiuso.
Usando il vecchio termoretraibile come riferimento, taglia due nuovi pezzi. Metti questi da parte per un uso successivo.
L'allineamento corretto del magnete è fondamentale. Il disallineamento del magnete può provocare l'attivazione LT / RT senza input umano.
Dopo aver tagliato il tubo termoretraibile, esegui un allineamento per avere un'idea per il posizionamento finale del magnete.
Questi controller utilizzano nastro biadesivo dalla fabbrica. Annota il lato della fossetta e pulisci il magnete e il telaio. Se il residuo è difficile da pulire, utilizza Goo Gone.
Una volta che il / i magnete / i sono ragionevolmente puliti, eseguire un allineamento finale. Una volta che si è sicuri che sia giusto, applicare del nastro per facilitare l'installazione finale.
Hai solo 1 possibilità. In caso contrario, potrebbe essere necessario un frame del controller. Se stai riparando entrambi, eseguine uno alla volta.
Se questo viene fatto per correggere un cattivo allineamento del magnete, verificare prima la funzionalità. Questo non è necessario per sostituire il nastro biadesivo consumato.
Verificare l'allineamento prima di applicare la colla. Una volta verificato l'allineamento, applicare la colla sul telaio del controller.
Una volta incollati i magneti, lasciarli asciugare per ~ 24 ore.
Si consiglia un accendino per torcia. Gli accendini a fiamma morbida possono fondere la plastica. Regolare la fiamma al punto di accensione affidabile più basso possibile.
Una volta che la colla è indurita, sigilla i magneti con un nuovo tubo termoretraibile. Quando il termoretraibile è sigillato, uccidi la fiamma.Pesticide spills: Be prepared
There are five steps that farmers should follow when a spill occurs.
Spills do happen. It may be a small spill that you can handle with a spill kit or one that you are not able to handle yourself. In either case, the trick is to be prepared. When a spill occurs, follow the following steps of proper spill response:
- CAUTION - Always assess the dangers of a spill or release first. If a spill cannot be controlled or contained without endangering life or safety, call 911 immediately.
- CONTROL - If possible, control the source of the spill. Shut valves, plug leaks or set container upright. Note: don’t attempt to control the spill if you don’t have the proper personal protective equipment (PPE) needed to handle dangerous chemicals.
- CONTAIN - Stop the spread of the spill and contain it to as small of an area as possible and away from groundwater, surface water, wells, storm drains or floor drains. Use a shovel to make a soil berm around the spill or apply an absorbent material such as cat litter.
- CONTACT - Contact the appropriate authorities. If the spill is a danger to health or safety, immediately call 911. Farmers should contact the Michigan Department of Agriculture and Rural Development hotline, 1-800-405-0101.
- CLEAN UP- For a dry spill, use the broom and dustpan to sweep up the product and then dispose of it property or use it as intended. For a wet spill, use cat litter, activated charcoal, soil or sawdust to absorb the chemical, then sweep it up and dispose of it material properly. Take contaminated materials to a Clean Sweep collection site or spread on labeled fields at agronomic rates. Never wash a spill down a drain as most drains lead directly to lakes, rivers or streams.
If a spill does happen, the safety of yourself and others should be considered first. If proper personal protective equipment is not at hand secure the area, stop the spill, contact MDARD and then obtain PPE.
Related Michigan State University (MSU) Extension News article: Keep a spill kit handy in case of a chemical spill.未来型居住区
Mannheim, 德國, 2009 - 2010
- 客户: City of Mannheim
- Timeframe: 2009 - 2010
- 主要应用范围: 住宅
曼海姆市委托进行研究，其目标在于在"居住·空间·城市"住宅市场发展行动方案的背景下，增加该城市对注重生活质量的目标居民群体的吸引力和凝聚力。通过该研究项目中的主题研究，对现有住宅区的营销策略进行深入分析。
本次评估对相关目标群体进行定位，并对选定的城区小空间开发区的潜力和适用性进行分析。本次评估的委托方为曼海姆市政府和 GBG-Mannheimer Wohnungsbaugesellschaft mbH，此次评估对曼海姆的未来定位提出了战略建议，认为曼海姆对以家庭和事业为导向的知识型工作者和希望从周边地区迁居的人群具有吸引力。此过程需要有利于实现城市的整体发展目标、尤其是"加强城市化"以及"人才战略"方面。
AS+P 对 11 个城区进行了分析并针对 5 个选定的区域制定了试点规划草案。本次研究的一项结果是：通过对此类相对较小的区域进行的设计，曼海姆作为住宅区的吸引力获得了很大提升。* Prices may differ from that shown
'Up You Go' is a short story aimed at young children who are just learning to read. Written by Roderick Hunt, illustrated by Alex Brychta, and featuring the familiar characters from the Oxford Reading Tree scheme, Biff, Chip and Kipper, this is another firm favourite in our house.
The story is about a sunny day spent in the garden at home. The kids have rigged up the slide to go straight into the paddling pool, which is a great game till Dad gets involved. Poor Dad can't seem to get it right in these level one stories.
My son aged 5 is the perfect age for this book. He is just learning to read at school. The short story is only 8 pages long. Each page is predominantly covered with a large and colourful illustration. Underneath is a sentence of between 1 and 4 words that encourages confidence in a new reader.
This particular story always makes us chuckle when we read it together. The expressions on the faces of the characters are brilliant, from distraught Kipper, to Mum who wants to tear her hair out, and a slightly remorseful Dad, to Biff thinking it is hilarious. I find there is a lot to talk about with my kids as we go through it.
The words featured in this book are go, no, I, Dad, and up. These are all words very relevant to any child I feel. As an added interest, there is a bee hidden in each picture to find. I find it is quite tricky in this book as they are well camouflaged against the background.
At the end of the book there are 4 questions related to the plot of the story for reading with your children, varying from a quick recall such as 'who went down the slide first?' to more open ended questions such as 'why is Biff laughing at Dad? and 'Which games do you like to play in the garden?' I think this is a lovely touch, and I have had some lovely answers from my kids. Surprisingly, the answers can change depending on what we have recently been doing ourselves, such as a specific ball game, or writing in chalks.
The book ends with a spot the difference puzzle. There are two pictures of Kipper sat in the paddling pool. The child needs to spot five differences between the 2 images. We practise our counting as we tick off on our fingers what they have found. I hold up fingers as they tell me. I find they get quite competitive over which of my boys is first to find the next difference. Quite motivating for them.
I love the Biff, Chip and Kipper books. They are really colourful and amusing, and very motivating to my boys to keep reading. It is lovely to see them both growing in confidence as we read them together, and the progress has been quite quick with so much repetition of the same simple words they see elsewhere. Highly recommended by us.fenilketonüri muzdarip temel nedeni (PKU) fenilalanin hidroksilaz açığıdır. Bu, fenilalaninin, tirozin haline dönüştürülmesinin değiştirildiği ve bu nedenle fenilalanin ve ürünlerinin kanında, özellikle fenilasetat ve fenilastatta bir artış olduğu durumlar. PKU'lu hastalarda tirozin seviyeleri normal veya düşük kalabilir.
Bu metabolik değişimin sonuçları, yüksek seviyelerde fenilalaninin, beynin büyümesinde ve olgunlaşmasında, sinir vericilerinin üretiminde ve miyelinasyonda (sinir bağlantılarının düzgün çalışması için temel bir madde) olumsuz yönde etkileyeceğidir.
Nörolojik ve serebral gelişim aynı zamanda yüksek fenilalanin metabolitleri (fenilasetat ve fenilasetat) tarafından engellenir. İstenilen değerlerin üzerindeki bütün bu maddeler entelektüel gelişimde değişiklik.
Entelektüel gelişim ve beyin olgunluğu çocuklukta ortaya çıktıkça, bu aşamadadır ve tarif edilen değişikliklerin bir sonucu olarak fenilketonüri semptomlarının giderilmesi söz konusudur.
贝加尔湖是全世界最深、蓄水量最大的淡水湖。该湖平均水深730米，最深1637米，湖水可供50亿人饮用半个世纪。
其总蓄水量23.6万亿立方米，在贝加尔湖周围，总共有大小336条河流注入湖中，而从湖中流出的则仅有安加拉河，年均流量仅为1870立方米/秒。
从出口流量来看，贝加尔湖的实际可利用流量还不如福建闽江，
闽江年平均流量达1930立方米/秒，年平均径流大约是620亿立方米。
也就是说，从贝加尔湖调水不可能超过600亿方，否则就会把湖里的存量水抽走，
湖面就会逐年下降，终究被抽干，又导致另一场生态灾难。علیرضا پزشکپور، رئیس کمیسیون فرهنگی، اجتماعی، ورزشی شورا
جوانان احتیاج به محیط های شادی آفرین دارند
رئیس کمیسیون فرهنگی، اجتماعی، ورزشی شورای شهر گرگان در شصت و پنجمین جلسه این کمیسیون که با حضور جمعی از جوانان برگزیده در حوزه های مختلف و به مناسبت روز جوان برگزار شده بود بر ضرورت اعمال سیاست های تشویقی و عوامل انگیزشی استعدادهای جوان تاکید کرد.
به گزارش مرکز اطلاع رسانی شورای شهر گرگان، علیرضا پزشکپور در این جلسه که با حضور اعضای شورای اسلامی شهرگرگان،مشاورین کمیسیون،کارشناسانی از شهرداری،مسئول دبیرخانه کانونهای فرهنگی هنری مسجدهای استان گلستان،جمعی از جوانان دانشگاهی و جوانان نخبه ورزشی در سالن جلسات شورای اسلامی شهر گرگان برگزار شد، گفت: جوانان قشر پرشور و شعف جامعه هستند و در عرصه های مختلف اجتماعی نقش موثر و سازنده ای دارند و آینده نظام نیز در دست جوانان است.
وی با اشاره به نیازهای قشر جوان افزود: یکی از مهمترین نیازهای این قشر شادی و سرگرمی های سالم است که در این خصوص مدیریت شهری می تواند با ایجاد محیط های شادی آفرین در سطح شهر از جمله جنگ های شادی، جشنواره های وِیژه جوان در حوزه های مختلف و گسترش فعالیت های ورزشی و فرهنگی به بخشی از این نیاز پاسخ دهد.
این عضو شورای شهر گرگان با تاکید بر اینکه مهمترین مشکل جوانان کشور در حال حاضر اشتغال و ازدواج است، از مسئولان و دولتمردان خواست برای حل این دو معضل اصلی جوانان اقدامات و تسهیلات ویژه ای در نظر بگیرند.
وی ادامه داد: جوانان حاضر در این نشست نیز بر ضرورت تشویق استعدادهای جوان در رشته های ورزشی و علمی و چاره اندیشی بر حل مشکلات بیکاری جوانان تاکید کردند.
رئیس کمیسیون فرهنگی، اجتماعی، ورزشی شورای شهر گرگان با اشاره به حضور نماینده شرکت داده کاو ۲۱ در خصوص معرفی و ارائه تکنولوژی تور مجازی جهت ارتقاء صنعت گردشگری استان در این جلسه، خاطر نشان کرد: نماینده این شرکت به معرفی فعالیت خود در حوزه معرفی جاذبه های گردشگری استان به صورت مجازی پرداخت و روند تولید معرفی جاذبه ها را بر اساس تصویربرداری پانوراما ۳۶۰ درجه از محیط، نماهای سه بعدی، ویدئو و صوت عنوان کرد.
پزشکپور ادامه داد: پس از طرح این موضوع مقرر شد طی مکاتبه ای با سازمان فرهنگی ورزشی و روابط عمومی شهرداری در خصوص توسعه این طرح در مرکز استان بحث و تبادل نظر و هم اندیشی انجام شود.
وی خاطر نشان کرد: در ادامه این جلسه همچنین مسئول دبیرخانه کانون های فرهنگی هنری مسجدهای استان پیرامون فعالیت های این کانون و همکاری متقابل بین شورا و سازمان فرهنگی ورزشی شهرداری گرگان و انتظارات متقابل مطالبی را با اعضای شورا بحث و تبادل نظر و آمادگی خود را در خصوص همکاری های بیشتر با شورا و شهرداری و اداره ورزش و جوانان اعلام کردند.
رئیس کمیسیون فرهنگی، اجتماعی، ورزشی شورای شهر گرگان با اشاره به درخواست مسئول دبیرخانه کانون های فرهنگی هنری مسجدهای استان در حوزه تبلیغات شهری تصریح کرد: این کانون از شهرداری درخواست دارد که برای کار تبلیغی و اطلاع رسانی فرهنگی به شهروندان با همکاری سازمان فرهنگی ورزشی، سهولت بیشتری صورت بگیرد که مقرر شد در این خصوص نیز با سازمان فرهنگی ورزشی شهرداری مکاتبه شود.目前利用波浪作用平衡方程式為基礎發展的風浪數值模式，幾乎沒有考慮波浪受透水效應的影響。為了使模式應用更加廣泛，本文以Hsu et al (2005) 所提出的 WWM (Wind Wave Model) 風浪模式為基礎，並根據Lan et al (2015) 所提出具有含透水效應影響之緩坡方程式理論，在動量平衡方程式 (action density equation) 中加入能量消散係數的方法，本文提出一個半經驗公式，求出透水效應能量消散係數及給予權重值，導入WWM風浪模式源項中，藉此改良WWM風浪模式，
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overhaul of farming could be 'game-changer' for global food security
Stockholm, Sweden (SPX) Aug 25, 2011
According to the authors of new research released at the World Water Week in Stockholm, a radical transformation in the way farming and natural systems interact could simultaneously boost food production and protect the environment-two goals that often have been at odds. The authors warn, however, that the world must act quickly if the goal is to save the Earth's main breadbasket areas-whe ... read more
|The content herein, unless otherwise known to be public domain, are Copyright 1995-2011 - Space Media Network. AFP and UPI Wire Stories are copyright Agence France-Presse and United Press International. ESA Portal Reports are copyright European Space Agency. All NASA sourced material is public domain. Additional copyrights may apply in whole or part to other bona fide parties. Advertising does not imply endorsement,agreement or approval of any opinions, statements or information provided by Space Media Network on any Web page published or hosted by Space Media Network. Privacy Statement|Personal Finance Courses are about managing financial matters to secure a better financial future for you and your family. They could be particularly useful to people, whose financial requirements or priorities have recently changed – having a child, getting close to retirement, becoming self employed, etc. However, the topics don’t derive from the circumstances; rather they are about tackling financial matters before they become an urgency and put you under pressure.
This introductory course is designed to provide a personal assessment of existing knowledge (and gaps) in a variety of subject areas. It will also provide guidance on which course topics you should explore further. It looks at risk preference, investment concepts and budgeting, for instance.
Piggy banks are not just for kids. This course look at how investing small amounts regularly over a long period of time can add up to funding big things such as your child’s university education. It gives examples of regular savings accounts starting at £10-25 per month.
There is a school of thought that says 10% of what you earn you should save, and another 10% you should give away. That leaves you 80% to live on. This course hones in on personal budgeting and using priorities to allocate available income.
Life often gets in the way of big dreams. To help you bankroll your dreams, this course looks at identifying clear goals, setting priorities and steps toward achieving them in the context of balancing your financial liabilities and expenses against your financial assets and income.
Using real life examples and internet research this course looks at key characteristics of financial assets and delves into financial liabilities as they apply to the business and the business owner. The impact of interest and the time value of money will be a particular focus.
You work hard. So should your money! Money sitting in a bank account may be safe, but with interest rates so low, it’s losing it’s value by the day. This course looks at basic investment products and how to invest in them.
Starting with a Grocery Shopping game, this short course focuses on assessing options from the mundane to selecting advisors and investments. Whether it’s apples or advice, it’s all a cost to you!
Did you know that the government wants you to save and invest in small businesses? Not just that, but there are some pretty good tax incentives to do just that. Why would you not take advantage???
More and more people are supporting green and social causes. You can do that when you invest, as well. There are now savings accounts, green and charity bonds, renewables funds and many more options available. This course looks at the phenomenon and how to find such investments.Chapter 9: Conservation in the USA: legislative milestones
Conservation Biology in the USA has a foundation in many federal (and state) laws that protect wildlife and habitats. The gradual shift in focus of legislation from a narrow spectrum of charismatic and valued vertebrates to nearly all creatures and ecosystems reflects the major changes in knowledge and public attitudes that took place over a roughly 150 year period. Thus. the protective legislation inspired by the wanton destruction of wildlife in the 19th century was the first of a long line of legislative efforts that eventually led to modern endangered species legislation (Table 9.1). In this chapter, we discuss major federal actions in the USA that have given us a broad spectrum of protection, arguably on paper the most extensive protection of wildlife of any country in the world.
Table 9.1 Major federal legislation and actions protecting ecosystems, habitats, and species
1872 Yellowstone National Park founded
1897 Organic Act (Forest Management Act)
1900 Lacey Act
1903 Pelican Island Wildlife Refuge established
1906 Preservation of American Antiquities Act
1911 Fur Seal Treaty
1913 Weeks-McLean Act
1916 Migratory Bird Treaty Act
1916 National Parks Act
1934 Duck Stamp Act
1937 Pittman-Robertson Act
1950 Dingell-Johnson Act
1955 Clean Air Act
1964 Wilderness Act
1966, 1969 Endangered Species Acts
1969 National Environmental Policy Act
1972 Marine Mammal Protection Act
1972 Clean Water Act
1973 Endangered Species Act
1973 Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species
As it became apparent in the late 19th century that relentless exploitation was eliminating wildlife and forests, the first attempts to protect them were made. Yellowstone Park was the first major wild area to be protected by the federal government in good part because it was both still in pristine condition and undeniably spectacular, despite its remoteness. Even it had to be protected from exploitation by the US Army. The first forest reserves were set aside, on paper, by the Organic Act of 1897, which led eventually (through additional legislation) to the founding of the National Forest system. The Lacey Act, sponsored by Representative John F. Lacey of Iowa, was passed by Congress in 1900 as a direct response to public outcry over the slaughter of herons and other birds to furnish plumes for ladies hats. The Lacey Act made interstate transportation of illegally killed game animals a federal offense (see Chapter 2). This effectively curbed market hunting, as the market for the plumes was in the Northeastern states while the birds lived in the Southern states. The Lacey Act also sought to limit importation of exotic wildlife, such as the house sparrow and mongoose whose introductions were detrimental to native wildlife. This law was significant as the first to bring the federal government unequivocally into the business of protecting wildlife. Because of its wide scope, the Lacey Act was supported both by sport hunters and by the increasing number of bird protectionists who were organizing across the country.
As a direct result of the campaign against plume hunting, President Theodore Roosevelt issued an executive order in 1903 declaring a small nesting area in Florida—Pelican Island—as the first federal bird sanctuary. Roosevelt's order unleashed a flood of nominations of other sites to be protected, and by the end of his first term in 1904, there were 51 wildlife refuges. In 1906, Congress confirmed the President' authority to set aside areas to protect wildlife and also passed the Preservation of National Antiquities Act, which gave the President power to create National Monuments. Today the National Wildlife Refuge System, originated by Roosevelt, includes almost 450 sites, encompassing nearly 90 million acres in 49 states and 5 trust territories. In California alone there are 32 such refuges. One of the most recent refuges to be established is in the Yolo By-pass, next to Davis (Yolo Basin Wildlife Refuge).
In the 19th and early 20th century, market hunting (large scale shooting of waterfowl for sale) caused major declines in populations of wild ducks and geese. Sport hunters became alarmed at this and began pressing for conservation measures. Federal protection specifically for waterfowl began in 1913 with the Weeks-McLean Act, which established federal control over migratory birds and ended spring waterfowl hunting. This was an important step in protecting breeding birds. The Act allowed the Secretary of Agriculture to set closed seasons when it would be illegal to capture or kill migratory birds. Passage of the Migratory Bird Treaty Act in 1916, signed by the United States and Great Britain, established formal cooperation between the United States and Canada for the protection of both game and nongame birds. In 1937 the Migratory Bird Treaty Act was amended to include Mexico. While this treaty was originally designed to protect waterfowl for sport hunting, a major result was the protection of all other migratory birds.
In 1934 the Duck Stamp Act, passed at request of duck hunters, required all waterfowl hunters to purchase an annual federal stamp. The first Duck Stamps were sold at one dollar each, and a total of 635,000 were sold. Duck Stamps today cost ten dollars each and are bought by stamp collectors as well as hunters. Proceeds from the Duck Stamps are used to protect critical wetlands for breeding, migration stopover, and wintering of waterfowl. The first Duck Stamp was drawn by J. "Ding" Darling, a political cartoonist who frequently focused on environmental issues (Figure 9.1).
While market hunting was devastating to many species, sport hunting rarely endangers species and, in fact, provides a good source of revenue for wildlife protection and habitat improvement, as exemplified by the Duck Stamp Act and the Pittman-Robertson Act. The passage in 1937 of the Pittman-Robertson Act, also known as the Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration Act, created a major source of funds for wildlife restoration by placing a 10% tax on the manufacture of sporting arms and ammunition. Additionally, this act stipulated that all money raised from the sale of hunting licenses must be used for wildlife projects. Prior to the Pittman-Robertson Act, money intended for wildlife conservation often got redirected to fund other local projects such as schools or road repairs.
When federal funds first became available, much of the attention of state wildlife agencies was concentrated on the larger ungulates (hoofed mammals) whose populations had been decimated during the days of market hunting. In the first ten years following the Pittman-Robertson Act, thirty-eight states acquired nearly 900,000 acres of refuges and wildlife management areas. Extensive replantings of trees and grasses were undertaken and massive restocking efforts transplanted deer, pronghorn, elk, mountain goats, and mountain sheep to these restored areas. The Pittman-Robertson Act was so successful that 13 years later the Dingell-Johnson Act of 1950 was modeled after it to generate similar funds for fisheries projects.
THE FUR SEAL TREATY OF 1911
The northern fur seal was nearly exterminated by a century and a half of seal hunting on the Pribolof Islands by Russian, American, Canadian, and British sealers. After the United States purchased Alaska and the Pribolofs from Russia in 1867 there was an attempt to limit harvesting of fur seals, but there was no regulation on the open seas where the hunt continued. In 1911, the Fur Seal Treaty was signed by the United States, Russia, Japan, and Great Britain. The treaty provided protection for fur seals and sea otters on the high seas (outside the 3 mile limit) from the four signatory nations. Each of the countries agreed to prohibit pelagic sealing by its nationals and to manage populations of fur seals within its own territorial waters.
The treaty was upheld until the beginning of WWII when it was terminated by Japan's entry into the war. From 1942 until 1957 the Pribolof fur seals were protected under a provisional agreement between the United States and Canada. In 1957, the North Pacific Fur Seal Convention was signed by Canada, Japan, Russia, and the United States. This interim treaty, which was similar to the 1911 Fur Seal Treaty, was followed by the Interim Convention on Conservation of North Pacific Fur Seals signed in 1963. These treaties called for intensified research programs and the establishment of a North Pacific Fur Seal Commission to study and make recommendations for management procedures and harvest quotas.
Fur seal populations have benefited from the protection and management provided by these treaties. From a low of about 125,000 in 1911, the population approached its former size of an estimated 2 to 3 million animals (Trefethen 1975). Today less than 2000 animals are harvested each year, entirely by native peoples for subsistence purposes. However, the populations of seals are now threatened by loss of their food supply, because heavy fishing depletes the fish they depend upon.
THE ENDANGERED SPECIES ACTS OF 1966 and 1969
Although legislation designed to protect birds and game animals has a long history in the United States, the first act specifically focusing on species threatened with extinction was the Endangered Species Act of 1966. This Act was fairly innocuous, simply authorizing the Secretary of the Interior to maintain a list of rare and endangered species. No legal protection or federal aid resulted from the 1966 Act. In 1969, the Endangered Species Conservation Act expanded the original legislation to include all species of vertebrates and some species of invertebrates as well. Importation of endangered species or their products was prohibited, and the addition of foreign species to the United States list was authorized by this legislation. The Endangered Species Act is a landmark in wildlife protection because the legislation was created specifically for the benefit of wildlife rather than for human motives (maintaining populations for sport or future market use, for example).
THE 1973 ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT
Legislation was passed and signed by President Richard Nixon in 1973 that replaced the two previous endangered species laws with a comprehensive and prohibitive policy that went far beyond the earlier versions. Three important things to note about the 1973 Endangered Species Act (ESA) are: 1) the protection of habitat designated as critical to the survival of a species, 2) the inclusion of plants as well as animals as species that can receive federal protection, and 3) the inclusion of subspecies and isolated populations of species regardless of their global status.
In contrast to earlier legislation that provided protection to endangered species only on federal land, the 1973 Endangered Species Act prohibits any taking (a broad term including killing, harming, collecting, trapping, confining, and a whole range of similar activities) of endangered species. The 1973 ESA also extends protection to "almost endangered" species, now referred to as "threatened." Individual states are permitted to adopt more restrictive legislation.
The 1973 ESA recognizes species as components of ecosystems, and stresses that the integrity of ecosystems must be maintained. The stated purpose of the Act is to protect and enhance populations of endangered species through a variety of conservation steps. These steps include 1) official listing of species as threatened or endangered, 2) prohibition of taking of listed species, 3) acquisition of habitat for listed species, and 4) the development and implementation of recovery plans for listed species. Unfortunately, each of these steps comes with a variety of stumbling blocks that makes the reality of endangered species protection quite different from the theory of the ESA.
According to the 1973 ESA, the Secretary of the Interior is required to establish a list of threatened or endangered species. The criteria for endangerment include any reason—natural or human caused—for the decline of a species. The official status of a species which has undergone a population decline can be divided into three overlapping categories: "endangered," "threatened," and "of special concern." Endangered species are those whose populations have declined to a point where extinction is imminent if action is not taken to protect the species. Threatened species are those whose numbers are declining and are likely to become endangered in the near future if protective action is not taken. Species of special concern are those in decline, or of very limited range, but not known to be faced with extinction in the immediate future.
The process of listing a species may be initiated by any individual, agency, or group by submitting a petition to the Secretary of the Interior. The weight of the supporting evidence supplied by the petitioner is judged by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), or if a marine or anadromous species is involved, by the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS). Of the 661 species on the endangered and threatened list in 1982, the NMFS had regulatory authority over 14, and the USFWS over the rest. Some criteria for designating a species as threatened or endangered include: 1) habitat destruction, 2) overexploitation, 3) potential eradication due to disease or predation, and 4) inadequate protective regulations.
The formal listing process has four steps. First, a species is nominated for review of its status. The second step is an evaluation of the petition to determine whether it warrants further review. A nomination is then either rejected, which rarely occurs, or is accepted for a second review. This second review is a holding action during which further information is collected and evaluated. This step is often used in controversial cases to slow down the listing process. Third, the agency staff then solicits data and prepares a status report to determine whether a species should be listed, or given a change in status. This report is then evaluated by numerous USFWS offices, and must be approved by each office before further action is taken. The final step in the listing process is a notice of proposed listing which is published in the Federal Register. At least 60 days must be provided for public comment. During this time outside parties can request a public hearing on the proposal. If no further review is required, the species then receives its final listing in the Federal Register.
In theory, listing a species should require a total of 195 to 255 days between the time a petition is received and its final listing in the Federal Register. In practice, listing takes at least two years, sometimes much longer. For many species, the grossly understaffed agencies file a report saying they cannot list the species because they have inadequate time or information to do a proper evaluation.
The 1973 Endangered Species Act mandates that recovery plans be developed for all species listed as endangered. Recovery plans are intended to identify the causes of a species' decline and to specify actions needed to reverse the decline, including the designation of critical habitats necessary to facilitate their recovery. The ultimate goal of the ESA is the eventual removal of a species from the endangered species list.
During the first 16 years of the Act only 533 species, of more than 3,900 candidates, have actually been listed as threatened or endangered, and only 242 recovery plans were approved (Blair 1989). A mere five species had been de-listed. Two of these species—the brown pelican and the American alligator—have recovered in only parts of their historic range, and the other three species—the Palau dove, Palau fantail, and Palau owl—owe their "recovery" to the discovery of other previously unknown populations, and not to successful recovery efforts. Ten more species have been "down-listed" from endangered to threatened, but for five of these species it was to allow regulated hunting, fishing, or capture, and not because of improvement in their status (Blair 19
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damaged either before, during, or shortly after birth. This damage impacts a child’s ability to control their movement and posture.
How can a misdiagnosis or medical mistreatment lead to child medical negligence?
Any of the following can lead to a potential case of child medical negligence:
- Failing to diagnose a child with risk factors for seizures.
- Failure to provide appropriate medication or treatment for seizures.
- Failure to appropriately diagnose seizures.
Another way that child medical negligence can occur is when an expecting mother is not provided with an adequate level of care either during her pregnancy or labour, or the baby is not provided with adequate care immediately after it is born.
These are sample situations of child medical negligence that can lead to seizures occurring:
- Inadequate prenatal care, including a medical professional failing to properly diagnose a mother’s conditions.
- Failure to appropriately manage a pre-term or late-term pregnancy.
- Failure to act appropriately to manage a variety of conditions, including bleeding and high blood pressure.
- Failure to respond appropriately to fetal distress, including not executing a timely vaginal delivery or c-section.
- Inappropriate use of forceps or a vacuum extractor.
- Not resuscitating a newborn correctly.
How can Sommers Roth & Elmaleh help me with a case for child medical negligence?
If your child has been a victim of child medical negligence, then we can help you pursue a case for pediatric malpractice. Child medical negligence can have lifelong consequences not only for the child who is impacted by it, but also for their parents.
If your child has a seizure disorder caused by medical negligence, then the impact on your family—both financially and emotionally—can be severe.
You’re likely already feeling lost and overwhelmed if your child has been a victim of child medical negligence. You don’t feel like you have the financial or emotional resources to pursue a legal case by yourself.
That’s where a medical malpractice lawyer from Sommers Roth & Elmaleh can make all the difference. You’re not alone in your fight to get compensation for your child! Our lawyers have over 40 years of experience representing victims of medical malpractice.
We can help you file a lawsuit if you believe that your child’s seizure disorder was caused by child medical negligence. We can:
- Discuss if you have grounds to file a lawsuit.
- Tell you what kinds of compensation you may be eligible for to help care for your child, including home accessibility modifications and attendant care services.
- Talk about what kind of damages you may be eligible for in recognition of your child’s suffering.
Let Sommers Roth & Elmaleh help you pursue your child’s medical negligence case with our expert legal advice and guidance.
Child Medical Negligence Can Lead to Seizure Disorders in Children
One of the many outcomes of child medical negligence can be seizure disorders. If a seizure occurs, your baby or child will demonstrate either repeated involuntary movements or stiffening muscles.
In this article, we’ve covered all of the following:
- The most common seizures in babies and children: febrile seizures, neonatal seizures, and epileptic seizures.
- The most common causes of seizures, including head or brain injuries during birth, cerebral palsy, and infections accompanied by a high fever.
- How a misdiagnosis or medical negligence can lead to seizure disorders in children.
At Sommers Roth & Elmaleh, we can help you fight your child’s medical negligence case. Our experienced and compassionate lawyers will work with you to build a solid case to obtain the compensation you deserve.
Contact Us to Learn More About Filing a Lawsuit for Child Medical Negligence
Reach out to us today for a free consultation and learn more about filing a lawsuit for child medical negligence. You can call us at 416-961-1212 or contact us online to learn more about how we can help you.
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The information on this page is provided for general information purposes only. It should not be construed as legal advice. It does not constitute legal or other professional advice or an opinion of any kind. Readers should seek specific legal advice regarding any specific legal issues. We do not in any way guarantee or warrant the accuracy, completeness or quality of the information on this page. The posts on this page are current as of their original date of publication, but they should not be relied upon as timely, accurate or fit for any particular purpose.
Accessing or using this web site or the content herein does not create a lawyer-client relationship.
This page may contain links to third party web sites. We are unable to, and do not, monitor and guarantee the quality of the information disseminated and accessible through those links, which are provided for convenience only. We do not endorse the information contained in linked web sites nor guarantee its accuracy, timeliness or fitness for a particular purpose.Dal Vangelo di Luca
«Sono venuto a portare il fuoco sulla terra; e come vorrei che fosse già acceso! C’è un battesimo che devo ricevere; e come sono angosciato, finché non sia compiuto! Pensate che io sia venuto a portare la pace sulla terra? No, vi dico, ma la divisione. D’ora innanzi in una casa di cinque persone si divideranno tre contro due e due contro tre; padre contro figlio e figlio contro padre, madre contro figlia e figlia contro madre, suocera contro nuora e nuora contro suocera». Diceva ancora alle folle: «Quando vedete una nuvola salire da ponente, subito dite: “Viene la pioggia”, e così accade. E quando soffia lo scirocco, dite: “Ci sarà caldo”, e così accade. Ipocriti! Sapete giudicare l’aspetto della terra e del cielo, come mai questo tempo non sapete giudicarlo? E perché non giudicate da voi stessi ciò che è giusto?». Luca, 12, 49-57.
Se ci fermiamo ad una lettura superficiale, questo brano ci lascia sconcertati. Gesù che porta non la pace, ma la divisione. Addirittura distrugge la stessa pace famigliare. Spesso nel Vangelo ci troviamo di fronte a parole, frasi, atteggiamenti di Gesù che a prima vista sembrano molto in contraddizione tra loro. A volte Gesù è paziente, altre volte invece è molto esigente. Dice che non bisogna giudicare, ma lui usa parole durissime contro gli scribi e i farisei. Il messaggio del Vangelo non si coglie mai da una sola parola o una sola frase. Bisogna saperlo interpretare dal suo insieme. Occorre sempre inserirlo nel suo contesto storico.
Che cosa può voler dire allora: «Sono venuto a portare il fuoco sulla terra…»? Gesù ci ricorda che quello che ha detto e fatto non è stata una bella “passeggiata” per le strade della Palestina, ma una vera e propria rivoluzione. Il fuoco di cui parla è il fuoco della passione, dell’amore. Gesù è un innamorato della vita e vuole che anche i suoi discepoli siano degli innamorati, pieni di passione.
La novità di Gesù non sta in una nuova religione o in una nuova dottrina, ma in un cambiamento radicale del modo di vivere. Alla violenza e all’arroganza contrappone la mitezza e la nonviolenza. Uno stile di vita che si fa dono, rispetto, accoglienza, perdono, condivisione. In questo senso possiamo tentare di capire anche l’espressione di Gesù che ci lascia sempre molto perplessi: «Pensate che io sia venuto a portare la pace sulla terra? No, vi dico, ma la divisione… ».
Nel Vangelo si parla spesso di amore e di pace. Ma di quale amore, quale pace? La pace di cui parla Cristo è la pace che spesso richiede il coraggio di scelte difficili, talvolta anche dolorose. La pace del Vangelo non è quella superficiale del semplice “vogliamoci bene”. È invece quella costruita con il confronto, il dialogo, l’ascolto, il perdono…. Per Gesù, protestare, ribellarsi non è per il gusto di fare sempre il “bastian contrario”. Per Gesù indignarsi di fronte alle ingiustizie è una virtù. Anzi è un dovere. È amore, è passione per l’altro, soprattutto per chi soffre.
Purtroppo, anche oggi, è triste vedere tanti cristiani indifferenti di fronte a quello che succede nel mondo. Pensiamo solo al dramma del Mediterraneo. Ai tanti che muoiono ancora annegati. Ai tanti bambini, donne, giovani che da giorni sono costretti a vivere su una nave in condizioni disumane. Ancora più vergognoso, che dei politici rifiutino questa povera gente con il Vangelo e la corona in mano.
Come cristiani non abbiamo le soluzioni pronte per l’uso. Spesso ci sono problemi difficili e delicati, ma abbiamo il dovere di gridare contro ogni forma di inumanità. La fede non è un tranquillante per mettersi la coscienza in pace. È invece un fuoco che brucia dentro! È un cercare di essere anche noi oggi, come papa Francesco, dei piccoli profeti, magari anche scomodi, ma convinti che è possibile costruire un mondo più giusto e più umano.
Don Roberto Vinco
Domenica 18 agosto 2019
Genuflessioni ipocrite
«Non è possibile che ci genuflettiamo davanti ad un Cristo di cartone o di legno e poi non abbiamo solidarietà per chi soffre»
Ermanno Olmi
«Si uccide anche soltanto rimanendo alla finestra»
Don Luigi CiottiListen to this article
There has been increasing interest in creating bonds linked to the growth of a countries’ gross domestic product. At the spring meetings of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank, both potential issuers and investors expressed a clear appetite for such bonds. The servicing of these GDP-linked bonds would be higher in times of rapid growth and lower when growth was slow or negative.
GDP-linked bonds would have important advantages when compared with conventional debt for borrowers and investors, as well as significant externalities for the international financial system. For borrowers, issuing such bonds would help stabilise public spending throughout the cycle as governments would service more debt when they could better afford to, and less in more difficult times. It would also significantly reduce the likelihood of costly and disruptive defaults and debt crises. Defaulting on debt is a last-resort that governments find highly undesirable and costly to the country’s international reputation. A temporary reduction of a country’s debt service when the economy deteriorates would facilitate more rapid recovery.
For investors, defaults are costly as they result in expensive renegotiation and sometimes in very large losses. As GDP-linked bonds would help reduce the probability of default, effective total payments will tend to be higher than with conventional bonds. Furthermore, GDP-linked bonds would give investors the opportunity of taking a position on a range of countries’ growth rates, offering a valuable diversification opportunity. If GDP-linked bonds became widespread across countries, investors could take a position on growth worldwide – the ultimate risk diversification.
For international institutions, there would be benefits from the decreased likelihood of debt crises. Reduced risk of crisis contagion would also benefit other countries. These externalities and the fact that financial innovations are difficult to introduce may justify some initial public action (for example, from the World Bank) to help develop this market instrument. The World Bank could, for instance, make loans whose servicing would be linked to GDP. The loans could then be grouped, securitised and sold to the financial markets.
GDP-linked bonds should be a core element of government financing both for developed and creditworthy developing countries. Both of these could start today. Developed countries are the best equipped to issue GDP-linked bonds immediately, because of the relatively high trust that is placed in their capital markets and in their GDP accounting. Their doing so would have a valuable demonstration effect around the world.
Developing countries stand to gain more from issuing these bonds and they could start issuing GDP-linked bonds now. The issuance of even small quantities of these bonds by creditworthy emerging economies would help set in motion an important process of financial development.
The history of financial innovation is essentially one of learning by doing. Inflation-indexed bonds met initial scepticism, relating to problems such as precise measurement of inflation. In fact, once these bonds started to be issued, inflation statistics improved further. Inflation-indexed bonds are now widely accepted across the world; in the UK, they represent around a quarter of government debt. A similar evolution can be envisaged for GDP-linked bonds.
Introducing GDP-linked bonds would create a market for the economies themselves. The widespread impression that the stock market of a country is a market for the entire economy is mistaken. Stock markets are claims on net corporate profits that can constitute as little as 10 per cent of GDP.
GDP-linked bonds could take a couple of forms. Simplest is a perpetual bond that pays a share, say a trillionth, of GDP, at regular intervals to the bond holders. Creating such a form would be analogous to listing a country on a market as if it were a stock and would yield the most transparent price discovery. Another form that may be easier to introduce is a conventional bond that pays a coupon tied by a formula to growth rates of GDP, but guarantees a minimum level of debt servicing, even if the economy stops growing.
Whichever way they are created, GDP-indexed bonds would have important advantages for different actors. The moment is particularly favourable. Investor appetite for emerging countries’ risk continues to be strong. Investors’ experience with Argentine GDP-warrants, issued as part of their debt restructuring, has been very positive: their price has been rising significantly. The time seems ideal for one or more creditworthy countries to start issuing GDP-linked bonds and for investors to buy them. Any country whose growth slows significantly would be thankful afterwards that they bought the insurance such bonds represent. Recent instability is showing yet again the value of insurance against economic fluctuations.
Stephany Griffith-Jones is professorial fellow at the Institute of Development Studies and adviser to the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs; Robert Shiller is professor of economics at Yale University and chief economist at MacroMarkets LLCTesla "Köpek Modu" işlevi, alışverişe çıkmanız durumunda evcil hayvanınız arabanın içindeyken kontrollü bir sıcaklık sağlıyor
Bu günlerde, Facebook'ta bir Tesla aracının içinde bir köpek yavrusu görünürken, sahibini sessizce beklerken üç fotoğraf dolaştı. Otomobilin içinde "Sahibim yakında dönecek" mesajını gösteren bir ekran beliriyor, ayrıca arabanın bekleme süresini ve ideal sıcaklığı ayarladığı görülüyor.
Bekleme sırasında sıcaklıktaki artış nedeniyle köpek yavrusu rahatsız olabilir ve havasız kalabilir, çünkü geleneksel arabaların aksine koşullar değişir ve genellikle araç içinde kalmasını etkiler.
Bununla birlikte, sahipler, beklerken güvende kalan evcil hayvanlarını etkilemeden alışverişe gidebilirler.
Birçok Facebook kullanıcısı, Elon Musk gibi 4 ayaklı arkadaşlarına çok değer verdikleri bu etkili işlev nedeniyle hayallerinin arabası olduğu yorumunu yaptı.
Okurların takdir ettiği yorumlar arasında: "Evcil hayvanımın bir Tesla'ya ihtiyacı var" veya "Bir tane satın almak için bu mod bile oldukça yeterli sebep" dedi.
Tesla'nın "Köpek Modu" nedir?
Köpek modu, sahipleri evcil hayvanlarını Tesla'larında bıraktıklarında otomobilin klimasını veya ısıtıcısını açık bırakan bir iklim kontrol özelliğidir. Klima kontrol ayarlarından erişilir. 15 inçlik ekranın altındaki fan simgesini seçmeniz ve "İklimi Açık Tut" ayarlarının altında en sağdaki "Köpek" i seçmeniz yeterlidir. Ardından Model 3'ünüzden çıktığınızda, "Sahibim yakında dönecek. Merak etmeyin! Isıtıcı [veya A / C] açık ve XX derece açık" yazan bir mesaj görüntülenir. Araçtan uzak kaldığınız sürece sıcaklık ayarladığınız yerde kalır ki bu da dev bir akü paketine sahip olmanın faydalarından biridir.
Tesla'nın "Köpek Modu" nasıl çalışır?
Daha önce de belirtildiği gibi, bu işlev, sıcaklığın evcil hayvanların refahı ve konforu için uygun bir seviyede tutulmasına izin verir.
Yaz aylarında veya çok sıcak zamanlarda, araç içinde ulaşılabilen aşırı sıcaktan ölüm riski yüksek olduğu için hayvanları arabanın içinde kilitli bırakmanın iyi olmadığı bilinmektedir. Yüksek sıcaklıkların olduğu zamanlarda, araç hareketsizken güneşe maruz kaldığında 35 dereceye kadar çıkabilir - bazı yerlerde 55 dereceye ulaşabilir - bu da hayvanlar için ölümcüldür.
Yukarıdakilerden kaçınmak için Tesla mühendisleri işlevi yarattı ve araç kapatıldığında bile istenen sıcaklık ayarlanabiliyor. Bu nedenle, araç bu sistemi kullanırken sürücüye pil tüketimi için bir uyarı gönderebilir, %20 daha az şarj olduğunda bir uyarı gönderebilir.
Aynı şekilde aracın yanından geçen ve hayvanın durumu ile ilgili endişeleri olabilecek yayaları uyarmak için, araç ekranında görüntülenen “Ustam yakında gelecek” tabelasını gözlemleyerek kendilerini rahatlatabilirler. Endişelenmeyin, iklim kontrolü - ayarlı derecelerde- “açık.
Sahibi uzun süre gitmişse ve Model 3'ün pili yüzde 20'nin altına düşerse, evcil hayvanlarına geri dönmeleri için sahibinin telefonuna bir uyarıcı bildirimi gider.20 senedir tüm Windows'larda yer alan bu klasik oyunlar, Windows 8'de yok mu sandınız?
Günün Windows 8 uygulaması: 20 yıldan uzun süredir tüm Windows'ların vazgeçilmez kart oyunu Solitaire ve fazlası, Microsoft'un Solitaire Collection koleksiyonunda bir araya geliyor.
Klondike, FreeCell, Spider, TriPeaks ve Pyramid olmak üzere 5 farklı kart oyununu içinde barındıran Microsoft Solitaire Collection, Xbox hesabınıza bağlanıp başarılarınızı arkadaşlarınızla yarıştırma, dokunmatik ekran / fare desteği, temalar ve fazlasıyla geliyor.头孢菌素由于其明确的临床功效，广泛的抗菌谱，相对较少的副作用以及与其他抗菌药物的良好相容性而在临床上得到了广泛使用。
但是，头孢菌素类抗生素有时会引起过敏反应，过敏性休克甚至死亡纠纷。
争议的焦点是：头孢菌素抗生素是否应该使用皮肤测试？
翟索迪老师的课程照片
编辑很幸运在北京紫禁城国际药师论坛上听到北大第三医院翟锁迪的报告“临床药师在抗感染治疗中的作用”。我非常同意翟药师的观点-头孢菌素有关说明，不需要皮肤测试。
1相关指南中国药典委员会颁布的《临床使用说明》和卫生部，国家
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paralyzing cancer’s progress, not many people know it has this benefit.
But as more research goes into the ways that zinc goes after cancer cells, it’s bound to become an important weapon against tumors. Here’s the full story. . .
Continued below. . .
The Amish Cancer Secret
Is it possible to cure just about any cancer the Amish way? Is it true that many Amish people easily get rid of cancer in just three or four weeks? Are the Amish onto something BIG?
To find out, I interviewed Jakob and Fannie, a young Amish couple from southern Minnesota. Jakob and Fannie are just two out of roughly 800 Amish people each year who travel 2,000 miles by train to go to a little-known cancer clinic.
They told me an amazing, lifesaving tip that everyone should know. . .but almost nobody does.
Click here and I’ll share it with you, absolutely FREE.
Nutrition experts are well aware of zinc’s role in supporting the immune system, but its role in cancer is just starting to get attention.
According to a study at University of Texas, esophageal cancer is one of the cancers that are especially vulnerable to zinc.1 The Texas scientists have actually found that zinc supplements can stop esophageal cancer in its tracks.
Now, these researchers point out that previous investigations have demonstrated that zinc can prevent cancer from spreading through the esophagus. But this study was the first to show why zinc freezes the growth of cancer in this part of the body but leaves normal epithelial cells alone. (Epithelial cells are the ones that comprise the surface of the esophagus and throat.)
You would think that this characteristic of zinc would be huge news in the cancer world. After all, esophageal cancer – although it doesn’t get as much publicity as breast cancer or prostate cancer — is still the sixth most common cause of cancer deaths globally. It kills about 16,000 people in the United States every year. Right now, if you’re diagnosed with esophageal cancer, your chance of still being alive in five years is only one in five.
Where’s the celebration?
Certainly, if a drug company had discovered a new drug that could work against esophageal cancer cells while leaving normal cells alone – and produce about zero side effects – it would be the top story in TV news.
But, of course, natural health remedies like zinc, which can’t be patented, will never generate huge profits and will never be touted by Big Pharma ad campaigns.
The Texas study sheds light on why zinc zaps cancer and leaves regular cells untouched.
It turns out that the cancer cells have what are called “overactive calcium signals.” The release of calcium is used to affect various processes in and around the cells. But this type of signaling is used in a different way by cancer cells than in normal cells. As a result, while zinc disrupts this movement of calcium in cancer tissue, the normal cells remain unharmed.
“Thus zinc selectively inhibits cancer cell growth.” says researcher Zui Pan.
The nutrient team that zaps cancer
Besides esophageal cancer, zinc may be used against other cancers.
For instance, tests at the University of Wisconsin show that prostate cells that run short of zinc are likely to become cancerous, but restoring their zinc equilibrium can offset this dangerous development.
The importance of zinc to prostate health has been known for years, but the Wisconsin scientists have identified a way to boost the mineral’s power. According to their research, it appears that using resveratrol – the antioxidant found primarily in grapes and wine – enhances the zinc restoration process.2
The end result of exposing prostate cancer cells to zinc and resveratrol at the same time, say the researchers, is that “resveratrol when given with Zn (zinc) supplementation would maintain and/or correct Zn homeostasis in prostate, thereby abolishing or reversing malignancy.”
Of course, these scientists want to do more studies to better understand zinc and resveratrol’s effects on prostate cancer, but they also propose that combining these two nutrients with supplements of curcumin (an extract of the spice turmeric), grape seed extract and epigallocatechin- 3-gallate (EGCG) – an antioxidant present in green tea – might have a powerful synergistic protective effect on prostate cancer.3 Apparently, all of these nutrients help get zinc into prostate cells.
Zinc link to many cancers
Zinc apparently plays an important role in other types of cancer, but it’s not as clear-cut as its place in esophageal or prostate cancer.
For instance, a study of women with breast cancer found that the levels of zinc in their hair are consistently lower than the levels in the hair of women without cancer, but their blood levels of zinc seem to be the same. The researchers say this may be true because, while zinc levels in hair are pretty steady, zinc in the blood may go significantly up and down from day to day – making the blood measurements a less dependable marker of somebody’s zinc status.4
At the same time, researchers at Cardiff University in England say that they have evidence that many times, when breast cancer begins, something goes wrong with the delivery of zinc into breast cells. But this research is at the very early stages, so the scientists don’t really understand the process.5 As researcher Kathryn Taylor, Ph.D., says – “We believe this makes zinc, and zinc delivery, a high priority for future cancer research.” But Dr. Taylor doesn’t have any answers yet.
In other news, researchers at Michigan State who are looking into zinc’s role in pancreatic cancer are in much the same boat as the Cardiff scientists. They know that something goes wrong with the transport of zinc into the pancreas when cancer starts, but they can’t yet identify exactly what’s going on.6
Should you take zinc?
And now we get to the question of whether or not you should take zinc supplements.
The experts don’t all agree on what we should do. My own recommendation is to have a blood test to determine whether your zinc levels are low, and better yet, get an alternative or integrative doctor to help you use the test to decide how much to take.
Personally, I’m taking 60 mg a day right now, under the supervision of a doctor, because my levels were pretty low. That’s a pretty large dose and I expect to reduce it when the next test shows my blood levels of zinc are healthy. The background is that I’ve supplemented with zinc for many, many years at lower doses – typically around 30 mg. per day.
Researchers at the University of Oregon say many of us should be taking zinc. They also add that everyone over the age of 65 should be taking zinc.
The Oregonians believe that it’s a zinc deficiency that causes many seniors to be plagued with inflammation – inflammation increases when you’re short of zinc.7
However, researchers in England say that unless you have your copper levels monitored, taking large doses of zinc can lead to a copper deficiency – so they urge caution about taking zinc. A drop in copper levels can lead to nerve pain, trouble keeping your balance and tingling in your fingers.8
I think it’s much more likely a blood test will show you are low in zinc and your copper levels are just fine.
The Oregon scientists argue that 12 percent of Americans don’t get enough zinc in their food while 40 percent of people over age 65 don’t get enough dietary zinc. Older adults don’t absorb zinc very well. My guess is those percentages are low, and deficiency is much more common than the Oregonians think.
I agree with the Brits that taking very large doses of zinc is not a good idea. In their research, they found that some folks were taking supplements containing 90 to 180 mg/day. That’s way too high. If you’re taking a prostate supplement AND you’re getting zinc from other sources – e.g. your diet or a multi-mineral supplement – you may be over the limit. Zinc is almost always found in prostate supplements.
The NIH Office of Dietary Supplements warns that too much zinc can cause “nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, stomach cramps, diarrhea, and headaches. When people take too much zinc for a long time, along with low copper levels they can have reduced immune function and low levels of HDL cholesterol.”9
So – consider yourself warned. But I think this kind of zinc reaction is rare. Mainstream medicine is notorious for promoting needless panic about supplements. And by the way, I hope it goes without saying that all the dosages we talk about in this newsletter are for adults. Children don’t need nearly as much.
Food sources of zinc include oysters – which are said to be the richest source – as well as red meat and poultry, beans, nuts, lobsters, crab, whole grains and dairy foods.大家好，小學雞結他網。
很多同學彈了一段時間結他，都以為C chord即是x32010。
Am chord即是x02210。
但C chord和Am是由什麼音組成？不知道。
如果只記10多個和弦，只用「手指型態」記憶，還是可以的。
但你學到C、Cm、C7、Cmajor7、Cadd9、Cm7….
就很難只用「手指型態」記憶，而是開始要了解「和弦組成音」。
今天就由最簡單的「大三和弦」及「小三和弦」說起。
如果你是零樂理底，可以先看這兩條教學：
連結我放詳細資訊。
「大三和弦」就是我們常說的major chord，
比如C major chord，或者再簡單叫C chord，都是同一個和弦。
任何major chord =任何大調的1 3 5
e.g. C major chord = C大調的1 3 5 = C E G
平日我們常按的C chord就是C major scale的CEG組成。
有了這個理解，其實C和弦可以這樣彈。
只要按和彈出來都是CEG就是C chord。
另一個例子D major chord = D大調的1 3 5 =D F# A
任何minor chord =任何大調的1(b3)5
e.g. C minor chord = C大調的1(b3)5= C Eb G
這個好難按。
所以平日都是bar chord按Cm
另一個例子D minor chord = D大調的1(b3)5=D F A
我相信同學都會按C Dm Em F G Am，所以我準備了一個功課。
請同學在空白的和弦圖上填上C Dm Em F G Am的組成名。
這功課除了幫你了解和弦的組成名，
在查找音的位置時，也會對指板和音階更熟悉，下堂見！
目錄：Twelve Louisiana Children Have Gone Missing in Two Months
Every 40 seconds, a child goes missing or is abducted. According to the FBI's National Crime Information Center (NCIC), of the 609,275 records entered in 2019, 294,204 were Missing Person Circumstances (MPC): 208,175 were runaway, 2,461 were abducted by noncustodial parent, 322 were by a stranger, and 11,246 were adults.
According to the National Center for Missing or Exploited Children (NCMEC), roughly 800,000 children are reported missing each year in the United States, which is about 2,000 a day.
To report child sexual exploitation, use CyberTipline. To report information about a missing child call 1-800-THE-LOST (1-800-843-5678). You can also call 911 or contact local law enforcement with information about a missing person.رئیس فدراسیون فوتبال در این گفت و گو همچنین از آماده کردن فرم های مد نظر فیفا برای این میزبانی و دریافت رضایت کتبی نهادهای مرتبط با این میزبانی در کشور خبر داد و گفت: خوشبختانه با نظر همراه و مثبت وزیر، توانسیتم تمام فرمهای مد نظر فیفا را آماده کنیم و با صحبتی که آقای سلطانی فر با وزرای کشور، خارجه و بهداشت و درمان و همین طور بانک مرکزی داشت حمایتهای کتبی این دستگاهها هم آماده شده و به زودی برای فیفا ارسال میکنیم.
مهدی تاج درباره شانس انتخاب ایران به عنوان میزبان جام جهانی فوتسال گفت: با کنار رفتن ژاپن به نفع ما و این بار چون حمایت کامل و لازم دولت را داریم احتمال انتخاب شدن ما بسیار زیاد است و فیفا به ما دو ماه وقت داده که مدارک مورد نظرش را آماده کنیم و امیدوارم با انتخاب جمهوری اسلامی ایران به عنوان میزبان جام جهانی فوتسال، اعتبار فوتبال ایران در نزد جهانیان بیشتر و بهتر مطرح شود.
رئیس فدراسیون فوتبال همچنین از برگزاری دو تورنمنت بزرگ فوتبال ساحلی در کشور خبر داد و گفت: نشست خوبی با وزیر ورزش داشتیم و با حمایت ایشان، بهمن ماه امسال در یزد میزبان بهترین تیمهای باشگاهی جهان در فوتبال ساحلی خواهیم بود و در فروردین سال آینده جام بین قارهای را در بوشهر برگزار میکنیم که میزبانی هر دو رویداد با حمایت دولت برای نخستین بار در ایران روی می دهد.اواخر ماه پیش، به شما گفتیم که اچ تی سی در عمل به وعده خود در مورد زمان عرضه به روز رسانی امنیتی برای نسخه آنلاک شده گوشی اچ تی سی وان ای ۹ (HTC One A9) ناموفق بوده است. وقتی در تاریخ ۲۰ اکتبر سال ۲۰۱۵ گوشی اچ تی سی وان ای ۹ رسماً معرفی شد، این شرکت قول داده بود تا به روز رسانی های نرم افزاری را ۱۵ روز پس از این که آن ها برای گوشی های نکسوس عرضه شدند، در دسترس نسخه های آنلاک شده این گوشی قرار خواهد داد.
البته این وعده شامل نسخه های مربوط به خرده فروشی این گوشی نمی شد، به طور مثال نسخه های تی موبایل گوشی اچ تی سی وان ای ۹٫ از قضا، نسخه تی موبایل این گوشی امروز جدیدترین به روز رسانی امنیتی را دریافت کرده است، که این به روز رسانی همان پچ امنیتی مربوط به اول ماه آگوست است. این به روز رسانی حدود ۵۹۷ مگابایت حجم دارد و نسخه نرم افزاری گوشی را به ۳٫۳۹٫۵۳۱٫۱۲ تغییر می دهد.
از آن جایی که این به روز رسانی به طور OTA عرضه شده و بدون ترتیب در دسترس قرار گرفته، ممکن است تا چند روز آن را نتوانید دریافت کنید. البته نیازی به نگرانی نیست، این به روز رسانی طی چند روز به دست شما نیز خواهد رسید. اگر هم مایل هستید تا آن را به صورت دستی دریافت کنید، می توانید به این ترتیب عمل کنید:
Settings > About > Software update > Check Now
البته قبل از این که اقدام به دریافت این به روز رسانی برای نسخه تی موبایل گوشی اچ تی سی وان ای ۹ کنید، مطمئن شوید که باتری گوشی به طور کامل شارژ شده است و گوشی نیز به یک شبکه وای فای متصل است.
منبع: Phone ArenaSeason 1, Episode 6 Transcript
Chase: Hey, guys. It’s C.S. Joseph here with csjoseph.life, talking about Jungian analytical psychology. Or, quite frankly, how to social engineer people using Jungian psychological archetypes.
Chase: In the last video, we talked about extraverted feeling. That’s the third in the four cognitive functions that are associated with judgments or decision making. And, today’s topic is going to be introverted thinking, also known as Ti. Or, big T, little I. Introverted thinking.
Chase: What is introverted thinking? Introverted thinking is, basically, logic. It’s the individual true-false judgment. We’ve already talked about rationale, where it’s the collective true-false judgment, where, collectively, majority rules as far as decisions that are being made. That is also, kind of, the same with extraverted feeling. The reason for that is because, with extraverted feeling, it’s majority rules with the good or bad. For example, we talked about introverted feeling yesterday, with morals. Morals is the personal value judgment. The collective believes abortion is a good thing, but an individual may feel that it is a bad thing. That’s the difference between ethics and morals.
Chase: The difference between rationale and logic is that the collective may believe something is true or false through statistics or data, but logic is when the individual believes something is true or false. Let’s explore that. If you remember, in our video about Te, or rationale, we had that model where we had 10 tables set up with 10 thoughts at each table. And, they’re all going true-false at the same time per table, and each of the queues at each table’s getting shorter and shorter because those are thoughts. And, majority rules. If six out of 10 said yes or no towards true-false, that’s how the decision was made.
Chase: Someone who makes decisions by logic with Ti, has one table with a hundred thoughts at that table, and they’re all going true-false, true-false, true-false, true-false, on a case-by-case basis really quick.
Chase: A Ti user would an ENFJ, an ESFJ, an INFJ, an ISFJ, ENTP, like my type, ESTP, INTP, or ISTP. Those are the eight archetypes that have introverted thinking in their top four functions, their egos. And, that’s what I call Ti users, essentially.
Chase: Of course, some TI users prefer to use extroverted feeling more, because Ti is in an axis with extroverted feeling. So, if you have extraverted feeling hero, you automatically have introverted thinking inferior, hero being at the top of the four, inferior being at the bottom of the four. Now, obviously, you have parent-child in there, as well. And, if you have … Let’s say you had Ti parent, you have Fe child. That’s what I have, for example. But, logically speaking, because it’s introverted thinking, that is the formula it follows within the human mind.
Chase: Again, it’s just true-false. It just becomes this rapid form decision making, based on if then, then this. If that, then that. If this happens, then this will happen. Or, if this happens, I’m going to make this decision. It’s basically constant Boolean decision making. Going back and forth, true-false processing.
Chase: A person who utilizes logic can, actually, arrive at truth, or a form of truth, true-false, because it’s more of an individual making that decision instead of the collective. We all know how logic can be flawed with logical fallacies. But, even logical fallacy, like ad hominem, for example … Ad hominem is, basically, extroverted feeling in a logical argument. Because they’re both linked together on that axis, someone’s pos
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. Isolations from Staraya Russa mineral spring 8, mineral spring Serebryani, Lake Nizhnee, mud-baths; littoral zone at the White Sea strait near Veliky Island, Gulf of Nilma; Pacific Ocean hydrothermal habitats at the Kurile Islands and Kraternaya Bay; Matupi Harbor Bay, Papua New Guinea, etc. (17) all yielded “Thiodendron latens” or very similar bacteria. Samples were taken from just below oxygen-sulfide interface in anoxic waters (17, 18). Laboratory work showed it necessary to abolish the genus Thiodendron because it is a sulfur syntrophy. A stable ectosymbiotic association of two bacterial types grows as an anaerobic consortium between 4 and 32°C at marine pH values and salinities. Starch, cellobiose, and other carbohydrates (not cellulose, amino acids, organic acids, or alcohol) supplemented by heterotrophic CO2 fixation provide it carbon. Thiodendron appears as bluish-white spherical gelatinous colonies, concentric in structure within a slimy matrix produced by the consortium bacteria. The dominant partner invariably is a distinctive strain of pleiomorphic spirochetes: they vary from the typical walled Spirochaeta 1:2:1 morphology to large membranous spheres, sulfur-studded threads, gliding or nonmotile cells of variable width (0.09–0.45 μm) and lengths to millimeters. The other partner, a small, morphologically stable vibrioid, Desulfobacter sp., requires organic carbon, primarily acetate, from spirochetal carbohydrate degradation. The spirochetal Escherichia coli-like formic acid fermentation generates energy and food. Desulfobacter sp. cells that reduce both sulfate and sulfur to sulfide are always present in the natural consortium but in far less abundance than the spirochetes. We envision the Thiodendron consortium of “free-living spirochetes in geochemical sulfur cycle” (ref. 18, p. 456) and spirochete motility symbioses (19) as preadaptations for chimera evolution. Thiodendron differs from the archaebacterium-eubacterium association we hypothesize; the marine Desulfobacter would have been replaced with a pleiomorphic wall-less, sulfuric-acid tolerant soil Thermoplasma-like archaebacterium. New thermoplasmas are under study. We predict strains that participate in spirochete consortia in less saline, more acidic, and higher temperature sulfurous habitats than Thiodendron will be found.
When “pure cultures” that survived low oxygen were first described [by B. V. Perfil'ev in 1969, in Russian (see refs. 17 and 18] a complex life history of vibrioids, spheroids, threads and helices was attributed to “Thiodendron latens”. We now know these morphologies are artifacts of environmental selection pressure: Dubinina et al. (ref. 17, p. 435), reported that “the pattern of bacterial growth changes drastically when the redox potential of the medium is brought down by addition of 500 mg/l of sodium sulfide.” The differential growth of the two tightly associated partners in the consortium imitates the purported Thiodendron bacterial developmental patterns. The syntrophy is maintained by lowering the level of oxygen enough for spirochete growth. The processes of sulfur oxidation-reduction and oxygen removal from oxygen-sensitive enzymes, we suggest, were internalized by the chimera and retained by their protist descendants as developmental cues.
Metabolic interaction, in particular syntrophy under anoxia, retained the integrated prokaryotes as emphasized by Martin and Müller (20). However, we reject their concept, for which no evidence exists, that the archaebacterial partner was a methanogen. Our sulfur syntrophy idea, by contrast, is bolstered by observations that hydrogen sulfide is still generated in amitochondriate, anucleate eukaryotic cells (mammalian erythrocytes) (21).
T. acidophilum in pure culture attach to suspended elemental sulfur. When sulfur is available, they generate hydrogen sulfide (16). Although severely hindered by ambient oxygen, they are microaerophilic in the presence of small quantities (Thermoplasma partner thus would be expected to produce sulfide and scrub small quantities of oxygen to maintain low redox potential in the spirochete association. The syntrophic predecessors to the chimera is metabolically analogous to Thiodendron where Desulfobacter reduces sulfur and sulfate producing sulfide at levels that permit the spirochetes to grow. We simply suggest the replacement of the marine sulfidogen with Thermoplasma. In both the theoretical and actual case, the spirochetes would supply oxidized sulfur as terminal electron acceptor to the sulfidogen.
The DNA of the Thermoplasma-like archaebacterium permanently recombined with that of the eubacterial swimmer. A precedent exists for our suggestion that membrane hypertrophies around DNA to form a stable vesicle in some prokaryotes: the membrane-bounded nucleoid in the eubacterium Gemmata obscuriglobus (22). The joint Thermoplasma-like archaebacterial DNA package that began as the consortium nucleoid became the chimera's nucleus.
The two unlike prokaryotes together produced a persistent protein exudate package. This step in the origin of the nucleus—the genetic integration of the two-membered consortium to form the chimera—is traceable by its morphological legacy: the karyomastigont. The attached swimmer partner, precursor to mitotic microtubule system, belonged to genera like the nearly ubiquitous consortium-former Spirochaeta or the cytoplasmic tubule-maker Hollandina (19). The swimmer's attachment structures hypertrophied as typically they do in extant motility symbioses (19). The archaebacterium-eubacterium swimmer attachment system became the karyomastigont. The proteinaceous karyomastigont that united partner DNA in a membrane-bounded, jointly produced package, assured stability to the chimera. All of the DNA of the former prokaryotes recombined inside the membrane to become nuclear DNA while the protein-based motility system of the eubacterium, from the moment of fusion until the present, segregated the chimeric DNA. During the lower Proterozoic eon (2,500–1,800 million years ago), many interactions inside the chimera generated protists in which mitosis and eventually meiotic sexuality evolved. The key concept here is that the karyomastigont, retained by amitochondriate protists and later by their mitochondriate descendants, is the morphological manifestation of the original archaebacterial-eubacterial fused genetic system. Free (unattached) nuclei evolved many times by disassociation from the rest of the karyomastigont. The karyomastigont, therefore, was the first microtubule-organizing center.Capitano del Titanic come Schettino? “Al bar quando colpì l’iceberg”
LONDRA – Forse come il capitano della Concordia Francesco Schettino, anche quello del Titanic, Edward Smith, sarebbe stato al bar quando il transatlantico ebbe il suo fatale impatto contro l’iceberg che lo affondò. Era ubriaco? Si chiede il quotidiano inglese “The Sun”.
E’ questa la versione degli eventi contenuta in una letta scritta da una sopravvissuta al naufragio più celebre della storia.
Alla sua famiglia, Emily Richards – che stava raggiungendo il marito emigrato in America – raccontò di aver visto il capitano della nave Edward Smith bere al bar poco prima dello schianto.
”Il capitano era al bar a bere e aveva chiesto ad altri di tenere il comando della nave. E’ stata colpa del capitano”, si legge nella missiva.
Richards scrisse la lettera dalla Carpathia, la nave di salvataggio inviata a prelevare i superstiti, due giorni dopo il naufragio il 14 aprile del 1912. Lei e i suoi due figli sopravissero, ma il fratello perse la vita nella tragedia. La lettera è uno di due messaggi conservati dalla famiglia fino a quando non furono acquistate da un collezionista. Entrambe verranno messe all’asta il 31 marzo a Devizes, nel Wiltshire con una stima di 20.000 sterline.Nell'episodio di giovedì dello Steve Austin Show, Stone Cold Steve Austin ha parlato con un fan, rivelando di avere dei problemi con l'attuale prodotto WWE. Ecco alcuni estratti (pubblicati su The Inquisitr):
Sul fatto che la WWE dovrebbe tornare al pro-wrestling invece di pensare allo sport entertainment: Penso tu sia arrivato al punto, perché questa è la stessa cosa che sto dicendo io. Io dico, Okay, anche se sappiamo che è un work presentiamolo con uno stile serio.' ho collaborato con l'NFL Network l'altro giorno Si trova proprio in fondo alla strada rispetto a dove vivo ora Sono entrato all'NFL Network. Da quello che sentivo, odoravo e respiravo, sapevo di trovarmi in una fabbrica di football. Era di questo che parlavano. Questa è la loro passione. Era tutto lì.
Su come rendere le cose credibili Puoi anche definirlo sport entertainment' ma quando due ragazzi o due ragazze entrano in un ring di 20×20 ed iniziano a combattere quello è pro-wrestling, fine della storia. Si, sarà una gran cosa da vedere e si, sappiamo che è un work, ma vogliamo tutti crederci. In un mondo che è un work, tutto quello che puoi fare quando le storyline non sono granché è far si che la gente creda in quello che fai. Chiarito questo, veniamo al punto: la WWE vive in un mondo tutto suo. Lo chiamano WWE Universe,' e qualunque cosa sia, è quello che creano e mostrano. Perciò penso che dovrebbero creare e mostrare qualcosa che la gente possa prendere sul serio, non il circo a tre piste che è diventato, e concentrarsi sul wrestling.
Sulla Attitude Era: Non sto dicendo che devi tornare all'Attitude Era. Non dico questo. E non sto dicendo che si dovrebbe tornare a dire parolacce. Si tratta di credibilità, di raccontare una storia sul ring e storyline intriganti. E di rieducare i fan in questo senso.
Sulla possibile apertura dei fan WWE verso un prodotto più serio: Secondo me, [i fan] sarebbero disposti a seguire la WWE su questa strada. Semplicemente, ad un tratto si torna più seri. Punto e basta. Queste sono le prime 10 posizioni del ranking, lui è il primo in lista per avere una title shot, e questo è il perché. E a proposito, tua madre è brutta come un cane. Oh, l'hai appena reso un fatto personale!
Potete leggere l'intero articolo su Inquisitr a questo link: http://www.inquisitr.com/1577429/stone-cold-steve-austin-slams-wwe-calls-it-a-three-ring-circus/六国游41：战友惜别 病愈出院
2000年10月26日 星期二 南宁 晴
旅行团于25号傍晚返回南宁， 明天早上吃完早餐后就宣布解散，各奔前程。由于昨晚妻临时换了房号，致使我们联系不上。妻吃了早餐，与团友告别后，马上赶到医院，听了昨晚不够钱交不给药的情况后，大吃一惊，马上找主治医生反映这情况。主治医生听了似乎不当大事，只宣布昨晚医生开的处方无效，由他重新开了同样药名的处方，叫内子去交钱取药。医生争着开药单，内中原因，不言自明。
经过重新滴了几个小时的药，热已全退，下午四时左右出院。由于我们已订了明天晚上去昆明的机票，为了巩固病情，妻要求明天上午再来医院滴药后才去机场，医生同意了。
经过几天的折磨，回到酒店时身心觉得很舒畅，洗了个热水澡，到外面吃了一顿晚饭后，似乎元气有点恢复。晚上一夜安睡，体温正常，没有反复。The books Dragons Love Tacos by Adam Rubin and Not Your Typical Dragon by Dan Bar-el helped us with some dragon categorizing activities and food fun. These stories both really appealed to the kids and sparked some play ideas. (pun intended)
In Dragons Love Tacos, the dragons gobble up tacos but they hate salsa. All kinds of salsa. Hot, spicy foods gives them a tummy ache and they snort sparks from their nose. Unfortunately, at a taco party, the mild salsa has some bits of jalapeno and the dragons accidentally burn down the house. The good news is they help build it back up again.
The dragon in Not Your Typical Dragon has a different problem. He is trying to create fire and so eats as much as he can that’s hot and spicy, like chili, curry, and salsa. His breath comes out not as flames but red party streamers.
These two stories talked about food that’s hot and spicy. I asked Little Sister what foods might be good for dragons to eat so they can breathe fire. She thought of a few things, like salsa of course, and some spicy dishes she doesn’t like. We went to the grocery story that afternoon, so she added in some foods that were red and orange, such as strawberries, raspberries, tomatoes, cherries, apples and peppers. She asked me what the red things were that grew in the garden that were kind of hot. I guessed a few things but couldn’t figure out what she meant. She looked around the store to see if she could find them and show them to me. She found some small red potatoes and hollered, “Radishes!” They were close enough to be a visual reminder to give her the brain-link to the word.
Radishes fit the category of hot foods for dragons. Of all the foods she could think of, Little Sister was sorting out the ones to make fiery breath. This involves a lot of thinking and analyzing. The skill of making groups is an important one for kids. It’s one of children’s early brain tools, shrinking huge amounts of information into smaller chunks. When we got home, just for a brain challenge, I set out some items for a sorting activity. One group was red and orange foods, the color of fire. The second group was hot and spicy.
The peppers, apple, orange, carrot and salsa were in the colors group, and the wasabi and green chilis in the hot group. Hmmm…what about radishes and salsa? Would they go in the colors or the hot? They are both.
When making groups, younger kids will put the items into one or the other, but preschoolers a little older might realize the items can belong to more than one group at the same time. The solution? The groups can share. Do you remember doing Venn diagrams at school? Young kids can do it too. They understand sharing.
Little Sister first put the radish in the red group, but after a few bites she could get putting the radish into both at the same time.
Grouping and categorizing skills are really more of a system for organizing information. Like other skills, they get better with practice. Kids need lots of experiences with categorizing activities. The stories and the grocery store were a golden opportunity for this brain play, or should that be a red hot opportunity?
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Enroll in this free online course, Brain Power and Play for Young Children, to learn how to boost your child's brain power before kindergarten!به گزارش پایگاه اطلاع رسانی اتاق تعاون ایران، شانزدهمین نشست کمیسیون بهبود مستمر فضای کسب و کار با هدف بررسی نحوه همکاری کمیسیون ها در سیزدهمین اجلاس ICA و انتخاب هیات رئیسه کمیسیون در محل اتاق تعاون ایران برگزار شد.
در این نشست گزارش مبسوطی در خصوص نحوه همکاری کمیسیون ها در سیزدهمین اجلاس ICA ارائه شد و این کمیسیون ۵ پیشنهاد مشخص را در این راستا ارائه کرد.
رضا علیخانزاده رئیس کمیسیون بهبود مستمر فضای کسب و کار با اشاره بر ملی بودن سیزدهمین اجلاس ICA برای کشور، در گام اول پوشش گسترده رسانه ای و تبلیغات مناسب که بیانگر توانمندی های بخش در برگزاری این اجلاس ملی است و اعتبار بخشی بیشتر به بخش تعاون را در پی دارد، مورد نظر است.
وی ادامه داد: در گام دوم می توان با بررسی زمینه فعالیت تعاونی های میهمان این اجلاس با تعاونی های همسان آن ها در داخل کشور هماهنگ کرد و زمینه برگزاری جلسات مشترک و گفتگو را فراهم ساخت.
علیخانزاده نقل و انتقال پول را در مراودات بین المللی مشکل مهمی برای صادرات عنوان کرد و گفت: باید در نظر داشت که ICA یک مجموعه جهانی تعاون است و با بررسی اینکه مجموعه های مالی و پولی نیز در دل آن وجود دارد، می توان به عنوان یک مجموعه واحد با شناسایی تعاونی های مالی و پولی مقدمات ارتباط و تعامل را با بخش تعاون در داخل کشور ایجاد کرد.
رئیس کمیسیون بهبود مستمر فضای کسب و کار از برگزاری نمایشگاه در حاشیه این اجلاس به عنوان پیشنهاد چهارم یاد کرد. به گفته وی برگزاری نمایشگاه جانبی با مدیریت و انتخاب اتاق تعاون با محوریت تولیدات بخش تعاون که وزن مناسب برای عرضه و شرایط صادرات را داشته باشند، فرصت آشنایی اعضای این اجلاس را با توانمندی های بخشی فراهم می سازد.
وی با بیان اینکه این اجلاس فرصت مناسبی را برای شناساندن توانمندی ها در اختیار بخش تعاون قرار داده است گفت: در وب سایتی که به زبان انگلیسی برای ثبت نام اعضا طراحی شده است ارائه مطالب و مقالاتی در خصوص توانمندی ها و ظرفیت های بخش تعاون به زبان انگلیسی پیشنهاد می شود.
گفتنی است انتخاب هیات رئیسه کمیسیون به جلسه بعدی این کمیسیون موکول شد.手机号15965077989
手机号15965077989在2015年3月12日过户于我名下(当时已经实名)，我在2015年7月10日又一次实名，移动公司在2015年11月5日在我不知情的情况下过户于他人。
我换手机到移动公司置换小卡时才知道，后来投诉到10086，10086说我一证多号，电话回访，我提供的姓名，身份证号。
疑点如下：
①一证多号就可以随意过户吗？
②我没有接到任何电话回访。
③就算回访，电话里提供姓名身份证号能实名了吗？
④我投诉到10086一年多了，始终不给满意的答复(我的要求就是：查出哪一个工作人员过的户)
⑤我投诉到工信部，工信部也不了了知，没有结果。
⑥到公安部门报案，公安部门让我到案发地报案，我到案发地高新区派出所报案，又让我查出哪一个营业厅的事再
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rators, negative impedance converters, and dependent sources as secondary electronic componentsThis video says about itself:
Role of body size in shaping the trophic structure of tropical seabird communities: here.
Tahiti Monarch conservation wins first BirdLife People’s Choice Award as new threats emerge
By Nick Askew, Tue, 25/02/2014 – 07:27
Results revealed today show that Manu (Société d’Ornithologie de Polynésie: BirdLife in French Polynesia) has won a public vote to become the first BirdLife People’s Choice Award. However, celebrations were short-lived as new threats from invasive species and heavy rain threaten the last 10 breeding pairs in the world.
“Looking back at 2013, there are so many achievements to highlight from within the BirdLife Partnership”, said Dr Hazell Shokellu Thompson – Interim Chief Executive of BirdLife International. “Congratulations to Manu for their work controlling invasive species in the Tahiti Monarch’s home range which enabled last year to be the best breeding season since they started their work sixteen years ago!”
Manu have been monitoring monarchs, controlling introduced predators such as rats and improving habitat for the Critically Endangered species since 1998. Manu’s award-winning work marries conservation education with cutting-edge science. Children raise native trees in their school’s tree nursery, volunteers plant the trees, and ecologists worked with volunteers to combats introduced species.
As a result last year saw the most successful breeding season on record; some pairs raised two broods, and double the number of chicks compared to previous seasons. The project forms part of the BirdLife Preventing Extinctions Programme which is saving the world’s most threatened birds from extinction.
However, 2014 is bringing new threats, heavy rains have been battering Tahiti for the last fortnight posing a risk to fledglings as they leave the nest. Fire ants, capable of eating adults, chicks and eggs, within minutes, have been found on the edge of the Tahiti Monarch’s valley, while funds for the conservation work have dried up.
‘’These conditions are bad for the breeding birds”, warned Caroline Blanvillain from Manu. “Monarchs need continuous predator control to keep them safe, and if we don’t quickly eradicate the fire ant colonies they will reach the birds and kill them.’’
“We need to act now, the 10 breeding pairs are struggling to keep their nests safe. On Friday, eight chicks had survived the rain, now every chick needs to be given a chance against the rats and the ants. If we can raise enough funds we can make the forest safe for the fledglings.’’
In order to help tackle the threats to the Tahiti Monarch, BirdLife and Manu have launched an urgent appeal for funding. Together they need to raise £33,000 to ensure a safe 2014 breeding season. Please support the Tahiti Monarch urgent appeal. Your support can provide:
£15 will run a rat baiting-station for the next three months as eggs hatch.
£30 will run a rat baiting-station for six months as chicks leave the nest for the first time.
£60 will run a rat baiting-station for a whole year so fledglings can mature in safety and return to the breeding sites next season to raise their own young.
Please help to create a forest full of fledglings by donating here. Every penny helps.The Sun is racing through the Galaxy at a speed that is 30 times greater than a space shuttle in orbit (clocking in at 220 km/s with respect to the galactic center). Most stars within the Milky Way travel at a relatively similar speed. But certain stars are definitely breaking the stellar speed limit. About one in a billion stars travel at a speed roughly 3 times greater than our Sun – so fast that they can easily escape the galaxy entirely!
We have discovered dozens of these so-called hypervelocity stars. But how exactly do these stars reach such high speeds? Astronomers from the University of Leicester may have found the answer.
The first clue comes in observing hypervelocity stars, where we can note their speed and direction. From these two measurements, we can trace these stars backward in order to find their origin. Results show that most hypervelocity stars begin moving quickly in the Galactic Center.
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We now have a rough idea of where these stars gain their speed, but not how they reach such high velocities. Astronomers think two processes are likely to kick stars to such great speeds. The first process involves an interaction with the supermassive black hole (Sgr A*) at the center of our Galaxy. When a binary star system wanders too close to Sgr A*, one star is likely to be captured, while the other star is likely to be flung away from the black hole at an alarming rate.
The second process involves a supernova explosion in a binary system. Dr. Kastytis Zubovas, lead author on the paper summarized here, told Universe Today, “Supernova explosions in binary systems disrupt those systems and allow the remaining star to fly away, sometimes with enough velocity to escape the Galaxy.”
There is, however, one caveat. Binary stars in the center of our Galaxy will both be orbiting each other and orbiting Sgr A*. They will have two velocities associated with them. “If the velocity of the star around the binary’s center of mass happens to line up closely with the velocity of the center of mass around the supermassive black hole, the combined velocity may be large enough to escape the Galaxy altogether,” explained Zubovas.
In this case, we can’t sit around and wait to observe a supernova explosion breaking up a binary system. We would have to be very lucky to catch that! Instead, astronomers rely on computer modeling to recreate the physics of such an event. They set up multiple calculations in order to determine the statistical probability that the event will occur, and check if the results match observations.
Astronomers from the University of Leicester did just this. Their model includes multiple input parameters, such as the number of binaries, their initial locations, and their orbital parameters. It then calculates when a star might undergo a supernova explosion, and depending on the position of the two stars at that time, the final velocity of the remaining star.
The probability that a supernova disrupts a binary system is greater than 93%. But does the secondary star then escape from the galactic center? Yes, 4 – 25% of the time. Zubovas described, “Even though this is a very rare occurrence, we may expect several tens of such stars to be created over 100 million years.” The final results suggest that this model ejects stars with rates high enough to match the observed number of hypervelocity stars.
Not only do the number of hypervelocity stars match observations but also their distribution throughout space. “Hypervelocity stars produced by our supernova disruption method are not evenly distributed on the sky,” said Dr. Graham Wynn, a co-author on the paper. “They follow a pattern which retains an imprint of the stellar disk they formed in. Observed hypervelocity stars are seen to follow a pattern much like this.”
In the end, the model was very successful at describing the observed properties of hypervelocity stars. Future research will include a more detailed model that will allow astronomers to understand the ultimate fate of hypervelocity stars, the effect that supernova explosions have on their surroundings, and the galactic center itself.
It’s likely that both scenarios – binary systems interacting with the supermassive black hole and one undergoing a supernova explosion – form hypervelocity stars. Studying both will continue to answer questions about how these speedy stars form.
The results will be published in the Astrophysical Journal (preprint available here)
郭玉祥
1939年10月出生，河北省唐山市人。1959年8月入伍。1960年3月加入中国共产党。空军特级飞行员。1970年任航空兵师长，1991年12月任空军西安指挥所司令员，1994年10月任空军副参谋长，1995年3月任北京军区空军副司令员，1996年11月任成都军区空军政委，1997年11月至2003年1月任济南军区副司令员兼军区空军司令员。1990年7月被授予空军少将军衔。1997年7月晋升为空军中将。第八届、第九届全国人大人表，第十届全国政协委员。中共十六大代表。多年来，他致力于红色书画的创作，其《北国风光》、《雄风》、《陪读》、《鱼乐荷美》等作品受到广泛好评。现为中国红色文化研究院名誉院长。
李茂槐
李茂槐，字冰神，号青城幽客；中国青城画派创始人。其画风融道、佛于一体，糅各家之精髓，并自成一派；其书法遒劲有力而又轻灵飘逸，呈现出书中有画、静中有动之境界。多年来，他挥毫泼墨，弘扬中国红色文化。经他数年之功而完成的百米“长城万里图”、“长江万里图”及“黄河万里图”等巨幅山水画，被全国各大媒体和社会各界公认为中国书画长卷之王。2000年为迎接千禧龙年，他创单个龙字不同体书法4项吉尼斯世界记录。2004年，他创作百个熊猫与百米山水组合的长卷《中华百宝图》为申奥献礼。2006年，他创作《天路第一图》，并于7月1日乘坐首列进藏的火车，将此画赠予拉萨火车站。
孔繁珍
孔繁珍,1957年生于辽宁，笔名凡儿。系孔子第七十四代孙自幼喜欢书画，学习书法多年，参加过系列培训。2005年到北京后，得到著名书法家李铎将军和中国书协名誉主席姜世禄先生的指导，技艺不断成熟。现在是中国红色文化研究院研究员，纪晓岚书画研究院研究员，中国潮文化艺术研究院院士，铁笔画院院长，中国女子书画院顾问。孔繁珍女士创意的《中华龙》已被孔繁森纪念馆收藏为馆内藏品。多年来，孔繁珍积极参加社会公益事业，多次为慈善事业创作书画作品。2010年中秋佳节来临之际，孔繁珍到北京海淀外国语实验学校，看望由中华少年儿童慈善救助基金资助的百名玉树儿童，并创作了书法作品“创意中华龙”献给玉树儿童。
程晏琦
程晏琦，1963年3月生于北京。民族：满，中国当代中青年书画家。现为国际工商业集团协会书法工作委员会主席兼教育工作委员会副主席，中国红色文化研究院会员，中国文化艺术国际交流中心委员，中国东方名家书画院执行秘书长，中国书画名家研究会会员，中国书画名人傍艺术顾问，中国书画界联合会会员，中国书法艺术研究院艺术委员会会员，中国绘画艺术研究院艺术委员会会员，中国书画界杂志社会员，中央国家机关文联会员，书法协会会员,北京东方书画研究院会员，北京黄埔大学艺术学院会员，北京和谐盛世书画院秘书长。在书法作品上，气势磅礴，墨韵淋漓，创立了风格独特的笔韵。书风浑为一体。2009年参加了中华人民共和国成立60周年成就展，并被邀参加了“大繁荣”海峡两岸同胞名家艺术精品百名书画艺术家大联展。2010年青海玉树大地震后，与其他艺术家共同承办了“大爱无疆吉祥玉树首都名家真情奉献爱心大型画展”，产生了良好的社会反响。2010年参加了公安部“和谐家园”书画展，并获得书法作品一等奖、二等奖和三等奖。他还参加了中央国家机关及社会组织的公益活动，爱心活动，捐赠活动，得到广泛的认可和好评。2010年11月，被中华爱国工程联合会、中国歌剧舞剧院、中国萧军研究会、中国红色文化艺术团联合授予“红色书画家”的荣誉称号。
钱金泉
1944年5月出生，江苏常州人，自幼酷爱书画艺术，现为：中国书画艺术委员会会员，中国老年书画艺术委员会会员，中国书画艺术促进会会员，世界华人文学艺术界联合会会员，江苏省美术家协会会员，江苏省花鸟画协会会员，姑苏兰竹斋主，苏州市华夏书画院院长，桐庐钱金泉书画院院长，擅长花鸟，主攻兰竹。其作品入选《中国美术书法家作品大汇》、《中华古今书画家吉祥福寿作品大典》、《纪念毛泽东诞辰一百一十周年艺术精品画集》，荣获1997年香港回归中国书画大赛银奖，入选《９９年喜迎澳门回归祖国大型书画集》、《中国书画专家·学者全集》、《现代中国绘画》、《中国书画名家大典》、《当代艺术全集》、《世界名人录大典》、《中华人民共和国五十五周年精品集》等，并为多家报刊发表，电台播出。他被聘为中国红色文化研究院副院长。Travellers who are keen to take their visit to Australia to new heights may only have a short window in which to do so, after news emerged that tourists may be banned from scaling Uluru, also known as Ayers Rock. (Featured image is by Prerak77.)
A fall in visitor numbers at the iconic landmark in the Uluru-Kata Tjuta National Park, which has been jointly run by the Aboriginal Anangu and the Australian Government since 1985, could lead to Ayers Rock being permanently closed to visitors.
Parks Australia has previously agreed to close the attraction if numbers fall below 20 per cent, and a small survey in June indicated that just 20 per cent of visitors to Uluru attempted a climb. This is a significant decrease on the figure of 38 per cent recorded in 2010 and 74 per cent recorded in 1990.
Margot Marshall, director of public affairs for Parks Australia, told Telegraph Travel: “The climb will not be closed until we have more robust numbers and have also put in place a range of new visitor experiences.
“We will consult the tourism industry well in advance of any closure and then give the industry at least 18 months notice to meet their business needs.”
A description of Uluru-Kata Tjuta National Park on the Parks Australia website, welcomes visitors to “Anangu land”. It reads:
“Come share our story. See Uluru-Kata Tjuta National Park with your own eyes. Watch as the sun sets over our Red Centre landscape, hear the echo of the beginning of time, Tjukurpa (law) whispering the story of creation to you.”
Although visitors aren’t currently prohibited from climbing the rock, they are asked not to do so out of respect for the Anangu culture, which considers Uluru to be sacred.
There are also environmental and safety considerations, alongside ethical concerns, connected with climbing Uluru.
A total of 36 people have died attempting to reach the summit, where the lack of facilities has also been questioned, as well as concerns being voiced over erosion.
Treks, such as guided walks around the rock’s base, are also promoted by park management and the park has been occasionally closed for cultural reasons, such as the death of an elder associated with caring for the site.Printable Worksheets For Preschoolers can additionally act as suggestions when points are out of place, whether it’s in the class, in your home, or in your own mind. When you see that there is a blunder made, utilizing a worksheet can aid you remind yourself of what you need to do following. Worksheets are likewise great for reminding kids of things they have currently discovered. A worksheet can remind you regarding math ideas you have actually currently covered, or aid you recall lessons that you intend to learn once more. As an extra benefit, worksheets can work as a way to motivate youngsters to stay on par with their own college work. Instead of costs a lot time on each and every lesson, you can put simply down a workbook and also let them take care of the remainder. In this manner, they’ll be able to focus on their very own research rather.
57 Free Printable Worksheets For Kids Image Inspirations Uploaded by Preschool Worksheets in category Preschool Worksheets.
Here we have another image Kindergarten Worksheets | Tallest – 2 Preschool Worksheets featured under 57 Free Printable Worksheets For Kids Image Inspirations. We hope you enjoyed it and if you want to download the pictures in high quality, simply right click the image and choose "Save As". Thanks for reading 57 Free Printable Worksheets For Kids Image Inspirations.This article needs additional citations for verification. (April 2014) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
The secret ballot, also known as Australian ballot, is a voting method in which a voter's choices in an election or a referendum are anonymous, forestalling attempts to influence the voter by intimidation, blackmailing, and potential vote buying. The system is one means of achieving the goal of political privacy.
Secret ballots are used in conjunction with various voting systems. The most basic form of secret ballot utilizes blank pieces of paper, upon which each voter writes his or her choice. Without revealing the votes to anyone, the voter would fold the ballot paper and place it in a sealed box, which is emptied later for counting. An aspect of secret voting is the provision of a voting booth to enable the voter to write on the ballot paper without others being able to see what is being written. Today, printed ballot papers are usually provided, with the names of the candidates or questions and respective check boxes. Provisions are made at the polling place for the voters to record their preferences in secret, and the ballots are designed to eliminate bias and to prevent anyone from linking voter to ballot.
A problem of privacy arises with moves to improve efficiency of voting by the introduction of postal voting and electronic voting. Some countries permit proxy voting, which some argue is inconsistent with voting privacy.
Today, the practice of casting secret ballots is so commonplace that most voters would not consider that any other method might be used. Other methods which had been used and which are still used in some places and contexts include "oral votes" as well as open ballot systems involving the public display of votes or roll calls. Other public voting methods include raising a hand to indicate a vote, or the use of coloured marbles or cards to indicate a voting choice.
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link whatsoever between airplane crashes and death.
National Rifle Association
you shoot them and take the parachute.
you beat them unconscious with the parachute.
you refuse to use the parachute unless it is biodegradable.
your only rational and moral choice is to take the parachute, as the free market will take care of the other person.
you start betting on how long it will take to crash.
as long as you are looking at the plane engine, it works fine.Roma'dan korkmak demokrasisini Sezar'ın gözetimi altında kaybedecekti, Brutus arkadaşını Roma adına öldürmeyi kabul etti. "Sezar'ı daha az sevdiğim değil, ama Roma'yı daha çok sevdiğim" (Kanun 3 Sahne 2) Brutus ve Cassius, diğer senatörlerle birlikte, Caesar'ı taç giyme gününde Sezar'a boğdular. Julius Caesar ünlü "Et tu, Brute" diyor. Onun ihanet hissini gösteriyor.
Shakespeare Julius Caesar'ın beş kanun yapısının komik şeridi
Öykü Penceresi Metni
FUAR
Sen bloklar, taşlar, değersiz aptallar - GO EVİNİZ!
FİKİR AYRILIĞI
Cassius, konuştuğun şey ihanet!
YÜKSELEN EYLEM
Ona püskürtmek için kişisel bir nedenim yok ...
Sezar, eski bir Roma generaliyle savaşmaktan geri döndü. O galip gelmiş ve vatandaşlar onun şerefinde kutluyorlar. Her ne kadar Romalılar Sezar'dan memnun değillerse de; Onlardan korkuyorlar ve bir diktatör olma yolunda olduğuna inanıyorlar.
DORUK NOKTASI
Sic Semper Tyrannus!
Bir grup senatör Caesar'a karşı döndü ve Caesar'ın arkadaşlarından biri olan Brutus'u ona karşı bir komplo kurmak için teşvik etti.
DÜŞEN EYLEM
Arkadaşlar, Romalılar, vatandaşlar, kulaklarınızı bana ödünç verin!
Brutus, Sezar'a güvenip güvenmeyeceğini değerlendirir. Sonunda komploya katılır, çünkü Sezar'ın Kral yapması durumunda neler olacağından korkar. Caesar'ı daha az sevdiğinden değil, daha çok Roma'yı sevdiğini belirtiyor.
REDDETME
Brutus onurlu bir adamdı!
Komplocular Caesar'ı başkentine çekip öldürürler.
Brutus, Antony'den kalabalığa seslenerek eylemlerine destek vermesini istiyor. Antony, komplocularla aynı görüşte olmalıydı, ama eli ayaklanarak bir kargaşaya neden oldu, komplocuları kentten kaçmaya zorladı.
Antony, Sezar'ın ölümünden intikam duyacağına itiraz eden bir ittifak oluşturuyor. O, Sezar'ın yeğeni Octavius ve Lepidus savaştaki komplocuların peşine düşerler. Sonunda bütün komplocular intihar etti ve Antony, Brutus'un bir kahramanın definini alacağını ilan etti.AYM, daha önce ilk incelemesini yaptığı, içinde makul şüphenin de yer aldığı Hâkimler ve Savcılar Kanunu ile Bazı Kanun ve Kanun Hükmünde Kararnamelerde Değişiklik Yapılmasına Dair Kanun ile ilgili bugün yapacağı toplantı sonrası kararını açıklayacak.
Anayasa Mahkemesi'nin CHP'nin 'iptal ve yürütmeyi durdurma' istemini görüşeceği bazı maddeler şöyle: "Yargıtay'da tetkik hâkimlerinin görevlendirilmesinde Yargıtay Başkanı'nın devre dışı bırakılarak atamaları tamamen HSYK'nın yapması. HSYK, yargı paketindeki bu maddeyi kullanarak Yargıtay'da genel sekreter yardımcılarının da aralarında bulunduğu 63 tetkik hâkim ve savcıyı görevden almıştı.
HSYK'nın ceza mahkemeleri arasında 'ihtisaslaşmanın sağlanması amacıyla, gelen işlerin yoğunluğu ve niteliği dikkate alınarak daireler arasındaki iş dağılımı' yapması. Bu durum, yeni özel yetkili mahkemeler uygulamasını geri getireceği nedeniyle eleştiriliyordu.
Ceza Muhakemesi Yasası'nda (CMK) yapılan 'makul şüphe' düzenlemesi. (Yakalanabileceği veya suç delillerinin elde edilebileceği hususunda makul şüphe varsa; şüphelinin veya sanığın üstü, eşyası, konutu, işyeri veya ona ait diğer yerler aranabilir.)
Anayasal düzene ve bu düzenin işleyişine karşı suçlarda somut delillere dayanan kuvvetli şüphe varsa şüpheliye veya sanığa ait taşınmazlara, hak ve alacaklara el koyma.
Devletin birliğini ve ülke bütünlüğünü bozmak, anayasal düzene ve bu düzenin işleyişine karşı suçlar kapsamında da iletişimin tespiti, dinlenmesi kayda alınması ve teknik araçlarla izlenmesi.
Soruşturma evresinde avukatın dosya içeriğini inceleme veya belgelerden alma yetkisinin, soruşturmanın amacını tehlikeye düşürebilecek ise Cumhuriyet savcısının istemi üzerine hâkim kararıyla kısıtlanabilmesi."
(CİHAN)Until 1772 Abgunstkampe was located in what was known as Royal Prussia (also known as Polish Prussia) in the Kingdom of Poland. The First Partition of Poland in 1772 resulted in the creation of a new province in 1773, called West Prussia, in which Abgunstkampe was located. The village was situated in the district (Kreis) of Marienburg until the establishment of the Free City of Danzig in 1920. The village came under the control of Nazi Germany during World War II until February 1945, when it was occupied by Soviet forces and returned to Poland.
In 1820 Abgunstkampe had 14 inhabitants, of which nine were Mennonite.
Mennonites who were residents of Abgunstkampe were members of the Tiegenhagen Mennonite Church.
Wolf, Hans-Jürgen. "Familienforschung in Westpreußen." Web. 21 February 2013. http://www.westpreussen.de/cms/ct/ortsverzeichnis/details.php?ID=8412.
|Author(s)||Richard D Thiessen|
|Date Published||February 2013|
Cite This Article
Thiessen, Richard D. "Abgunstkampe (Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland)." Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online. February 2013. Web. 6 Mar 2015. http://gameo.org/index.php?title=Abgunstkampe_(Pomeranian_Voivodeship,_Poland)&oldid=79136.
Thiessen, Richard D. (February 2013). Abgunstkampe (Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland). Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online. Retrieved 6 March 2015, from http://gameo.org/index.php?title=Abgunstkampe_(Pomeranian_Voivodeship,_Poland)&oldid=79136.
©1996-2015 by the Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online. All rights reserved.What is in this article?:
- Over the long-run will supply out-pace demand in the years ahead?
- Crop agriculture may once again face long periods of low prices.
- Times of excess production could result in low price problems.
In the absence of two critical issues, farm bill commodity programs would make little sense. Issue one: crop production can change considerably from year to year due to weather and disease, and issue two: over the long-haul supply increases faster than demand.
Governments as far back as second millennium BC Egypt and late first millennium B.C.-early first millennium AD China have recognized that crop failures can have a negative impact on their citizens in terms of food availability and prices and disruption to the economy. China also recognized that times of excess production could result in low price problems for its farmers.
With the opening up of the Western Hemisphere to European markets, the problem of supply increasing at a faster rate than demand began to rear its head in the U.S. and elsewhere in the New World. At first, the rate of increase of new agricultural land being brought into production was the cause of this rate differential. By the twentieth century, investment in agricultural research, education, and extension—much of it by governments—became significant factors allowing supply to increase faster than demand and leaving farmers to face long periods of low prices.
The recent drought has reminded us that issue one is still in play. But what about issue two? Over the long-run will supply out-pace demand in the years ahead, as it has typically done for centuries? In recent columns, we have described developments that suggest that despite this year’s massive drought in the U.S. and maybe as a consequence of the resulting high prices, crop agriculture may once again face long periods of low prices. But some other analysts see the future differently.
In a paper delivered at a Farm Science Review on September 18, 2012, in Ohio, one of our ag econ colleagues, Luther Tweeten, argued that “the era of falling real prices of food is over.” Tweeten wrote, “two ‘megatrends’ are underway, one on the food supply side and another on the food demand side.”
Tweeten begins by looking at food supply, writing that “U.S. excess production capacity totaled 6 percent in 1962 and averaged near that proportion throughout the 1960s. In sharp contrast, excess production capacity in U.S. agriculture today is near zero.” While seeing the 2012 drought as “transitory,” he says if global warming is underway, we may see “unusual weather events such as storms and drought.”In a New Zealand first, breweries Lion and DB will add nutritional information panels to beer bottles, cans and packaging.
These labels will give consumers information about the sugar, calories, dietary fibre, protein and carbohydrate content of their beers.
Throughout the year 450 million nutritional labels will be rolled out onto packaging on a wide range of beers including Steinlager, Macs, Speights, Tui and Monteiths.
It's the first step of a Brewers Association promotion campaign called 'Beer the Beautiful Truth' that aims to "bust myths and communicate nutritional facts about beer".
Brewers Association external relations director Kevin Sinnott said while DB and Lion are on board so far, they welcome other New Zealand breweries to join the campaign.
He says the initiative will help keep consumers informed about beer. "Beer gets a bad rap at times, often due to misconceptions around what's in it.
"With nutrition information panels, everything is out in the open. And we think people might be pleasantly surprised by the beautiful truth about beer."
A press release from the campaign was keen to push the fact that beer is low sugar.
"Most people don't know that most beer is 99 percent sugar free. Malted barley is one of the key ingredients in beer, and in the brewing process the starch from malted barley is converted into sugar. This sugar, or sugar from any other ingredient such as wheat, other grains, or natural cane sugar, is then converted into alcohol by the yeast during the fermentation process. As a result, the finished beer is very low in sugar."
Janet Weber, senior lecturer at Massey University's institute of food and science, said that focussing on low sugar is "very misleading to the consumer".
"Obviously they've chosen to focus on the sugar, it's the buzz thing now isn't it - everyone wants sugar free. But they're sort of ignoring the fact that alcohol provides quite a lot of kilojoules."
Ms Weber says it's important for people to think about the total kiloujoules in what they are drinking, in addition to the food they're eating.
"Alcohol itself contributes more kiloujoules per gram than sugar does."
She says "it seems a bit unusual" that nutrition labels weren't listed on beers already, but thinks the labels will be useful for people to compare across brands.
"Alcohol is very important to our society but it is not actually safe at the levels we drink. We can't make it healthy by saying it's low in sugar".
All the nutritional information included on participating beers is also available to view on the website beerthebeautifultruth.co.nz.编辑点评：一部鲜活的世界史，1850—1960
《时间的色彩》用图文并茂的形式讲述了1850-1960年的世界史，从拿破仑三世和维多利亚女王的统治以及美国内战，一直讲到核武器试验、古巴导弹危机和航天时代的开始。
内容简介
《时间的色彩》用图文并茂的形式讲述了1850-1960年的世界史，从拿破仑三世和维多利亚女王的统治以及美国内战，一直讲到核武器试验、古巴导弹危机和航天时代的开始。在黑白照片基础上用数字技术还原而成的彩色照片，生动记录了帝国的兴衰沉浮，科学、工业与艺术的日新月异，战争的悲剧与和平时期的政治，以及缔造历史的男男女女的故事。
本书亦是合作的成果。巴西艺术家玛丽娜?阿马拉尔用数字技术为1850-1950年世界历史相关的黑白老照片上色，创作了约200幅效果惊人的影像，之后英国历史学家丹?琼斯娓娓道来，将每一幅照片置于其历史背景之内，用契合图片所示内容的简明通俗的文字，为我们今天生活的世界编织出一部鲜活的精彩历史。《时间的色彩》融合了令人惊艳的图像和精心措辞的叙述，为读者提供独特的（且往往是美丽的）视角去观察历史。
作者简介
丹·琼斯（Dan Jones）
历史学家、广播节目主持人和获奖记者，著有畅销书《血夏》《金雀花王朝》《空王冠》《大宪章》和《圣殿骑士团》等。他撰写并主持Channel 5/Netflix 播出的系列节目《英国城堡的秘密》。他目前生活在萨里郡。
玛丽娜·阿马拉尔（Marina Amaral）
颇有天赋的巴西艺术家，专长是为历史老照片上色。她自学成才，通过广泛的历史研究来确定如何给黑白照片上色。
时间的色彩pdf预览
目录
引言
1850年代 帝国争雄
1860年代 奋起反抗
1870年代 风雨飘摇
1880年代 创造奇迹
1890年代 世纪黄昏
1900年代 黑暗黎明
1910年代 战争与革命
1920年代 咆哮年代
1930年代 战争之路
1940年代 毁灭与救赎
1950年代 风云变幻
译名对照表
1850年代 帝国争雄
1850年 4月 从1848年起一直在流亡的教宗庇护九世在法国军队的护送下返 回罗马。5月 一头名叫欧贝施的河马被送到伦敦动物园。它是埃及捕获并赠 给英国的礼物。 9月 美国国会达成“1850年妥协”，试图借此防止不断扩张的美国境 内自由州与蓄奴州发生冲突。 1851年 1月 太平天国运动在金田爆发，洪秀全领导的太平天国开始与清政 府对抗。5月 万国工业博览会在伦敦海德公园的水晶宫开幕。 6月 路易·达盖尔去世。他是摄影技术的先驱和推广者。 1852年 3月 查尔斯·狄更斯的小说《荒凉山庄》开始连载。 12月 夏尔-路易-拿破仑·波拿巴推翻法兰西第二共和国，自立为法 国皇帝，称拿破仑三世。
1853年 6月 乔治-欧仁·奥斯曼奉命开启激进的巴黎重建工程。 7月 美国海军准将马修·C.佩里率领美国炮舰威吓日本，签订了美日 之间的通商条约。 10月 克里米亚战争爆发。奥斯曼帝国向俄国宣战。英法支持奥斯 曼帝国，后来还派遣远征军直接参战。 1854年 5月 《堪萨斯-内布拉斯加法案》建立了美国的堪萨斯和内布拉斯加 领地，引发奴隶制支持者与反对者之间的长期暴力冲突，即所谓的“血 溅堪萨斯”。 9月 约翰·斯诺追踪伦敦霍乱疫情，发现它的起源是一台水泵，这证 明霍乱能通过水传播。 10月 在克里米亚战争的巴拉克拉瓦战役中，发生“轻骑兵冲锋”事 件。1855年 3月 罗杰·芬顿带着他的照相马车抵达克里米亚半岛，记录正在进行 的战争。3月 俄国沙皇尼古拉一世驾崩，其长子亚历山大继位。 9月 英法联军占领塞瓦斯托波尔。 1856年
3月 喜马拉雅山脉的第十五峰被测量判定为世界第一高峰。它后来 被更名为珠穆朗玛峰（西方称埃佛勒斯峰）。 3月 《巴黎条约》签订，克里米亚战争结束。 10月 第二次鸦片战争爆发，清朝军队与英法联军对抗。 1857年 5月 驻扎在德里附近的东印度公司军队中的印度兵掀起反叛，印度 兵变爆发。武装冲突持续了一年多。 9月 纽约的金融恐慌迫使城内各大银行停业，美国全境的铁路公司 停业。12月 维多利亚女王指定渥太华为加拿大省首府。 1858年 1月
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ادامه خوشبختانه نتایج خوبی از مذاکره با برخی کشورهای آسیایی دیگر گرفته ایم که پس از قطعی شدن برنامه ها اعلام می شود. هدف نهایی این است که با انجام بازی های مفید با تیم های مختلف جهت حضور در رقابت های مقدماتی آماده شویم که انشالله این هدف با حمایت فدراسیون محقق خواهد شد. تا امروز هم حمایت خوبی صورت گرفته که جای تشکر دارد. می بینیم که برنامه های تیم امید مورد توجه دارد و خوشبختانه چند بازی خوب می توانیم برگزار کنیم تا با آمادگی کامل وارد مسابقات شویم.The Historical Jesus and the Question of Religious Authority.
Behind the historical Jesus debate, there lurks a deep crisis of religious authority.
Senior Lecture in Religious Studies
University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
As I noted in a recent article on this website, our own age has witnessed a proliferation of books on the subject of the historical Jesus. Many of these books are of considerable interest, as works of first-century history. But practically none of these studies grapples with the issue which underlies this debate, an issue which was very familiar to the thinkers of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. For the historical Jesus question is merely the most obvious expression of a deeper shift in religious attitudes, expressed in the subtitle to my most recent book, The Historical Jesus Question: The Challenge of History to Religious Authority. Behind the historical Jesus debate, there lurks a rarely discussed crisis of religious authority. My book attempts to highlight that crisis.
It is hard to know why this matter is so studiously ignored by New Testament scholars. It may be because the field of biblical studies has in recent decades become increasingly autonomous. It no longer sees itself as part of the wider field of Christian theology. More than 20 years ago, James Barr delivered an inaugural lecture on the subject "Does biblical study still belong to theology?" There would be all the more reason to pose that question today. Alternatively, this neglect may be due to the fact that New Testament scholars are unaware of the historic shifts in human thinking which underlie the emergence of their own discipline. Before about 1650, no one in Christian Europe could have thought of asking about "the historical Jesus." This is not only because our modern discipline of history had not yet developed. It is also because to ask about the historical Jesus is to suggest that the figure who emerges from historical research may be different from "the Christ of faith," the figure in whom Christians have believed for almost two millennia. To make this suggestion was to call into question, not just the authority of the Church (which the Protestant Reformers had done all too successfully), but the authority of the Bible itself.
This questioning of biblical authority first occurred, in a widespread and influential way, in the seventeenth century. Many factors contributed to this process. One thinks, for instance, of the new astronomy of Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1543) and of Galileo Galilei (1564-1642), which undermined the marriage between Ptolemaic astronomy and Christian faith that had served medieval Christians so well. (When the late medieval poet Dante Alighieri refers to God as "the love that moves the sun and other stars," he is not just using a pretty metaphor; he speaking quite literally of the moving force of the cosmos, in terms drawn from Aristotelian physics.) One thinks, also, of the voyages of discovery, which opened up the intellectual world of educated Europeans and made them aware of other ancient cultures, each with their venerable religious traditions. (Indeed, our modern notion of "a religion" only seems to emerge at about this time.) In any case, during the seventeenth century a critical change occurred. The theologian Hans Frei has described this change as "the great reversal." At the beginning of the seventeenth century, the biblical story still formed the framework into which could be fitted (with a little ingenuity) the whole of human knowledge, both sacred and secular. By the end of the seventeenth century, the framework of human knowledge was provided by secular disciplines — the natural sciences and history — and the Bible had to find its place within this sometimes hostile environment.
This great reversal had at least three notable consequences. Firstly, Christianity came to be seen as merely one religion among others. Its status as the product of a divine revelation could no longer be assumed, given the existence of other ancient religious traditions making comparable claims to authority. Secondly, the message of Christianity came to be seen as the product of a particular time and place. Just as other religions were clearly the work of human beings, who wove together a set of beliefs from elements found in their cultural environment, so Christianity too could be seen as the product of a particular human history. Thirdly, the Bible's account of the origins of Christianity lost its taken-for-granted status. Since the Bible had now to find its place within a framework of knowledge derived from elsewhere, that knowledge could be used to judge the accuracy of the biblical narrative. These developments found expression in the work of Benedict Spinoza (1632–77), whose Tractatus theologico-politicus lays down the programme for a historical interpretation of the Bible, a programme which has endured to our own day.
Many eighteenth and nineteenth-century thinkers were well aware of the magnitude of this change. David Friedrich Strauss, for example, the author of the famous Life of Jesus Critically Examined (1835), at first tried to redeem the significance of the Christian story by reinterpreting it in terms of the philosophy of G. W. F. Hegel (1770–1831). This allowed him to see the Christian story as an allegory of the gradual "incarnation" of Mind, which was the way in which Hegel interpreted history as a whole. However, after becoming disillusioned with Hegelianism, and after reading the work of Charles Darwin (1809–82), Strauss realized that history could no longer be interpreted in this purposeful manner. The result was Strauss's open and forthright abandonment of the Christian faith. By way of contrast, the philosopher and theologian Ernst Troeltsch (1865–1923), while distancing himself from Hegel's philosophy, still believed that human history could be understood as the gradual self-revelation of the divine Spirit. In this context, he tried to defend Christianity in the context of other religions as the highest product of the human spirit to have emerged to date. However, in his later years Troeltsch was unsure about the universality of this claim. Perhaps Christianity could claim authority only for the peoples of the Mediterranean and European worlds, whose histories were the matrix out of which it had arisen.
By way of reaction, the dialectical theologians of the early and mid-twentieth century found ways of trying to shelter Christian faith from the cold winds of historical relativity. Karl Barth (1886–1968) did so by drawing from his own Calvinist tradition resources which enabled him to distinguish sharply between the "history" which was the scene of divine revelation and the "history" which was accessible to the historian. In this context, he could declare Christian faith to be entirely other than "a religion" in the modern sense. Rather than a product of human history, Christian faith could be seen as a response to a divine revelation, a revelation which did not need to be subjected to historical scrutiny. If one asked, "What evidence is there that Christian faith is indeed a response to divine revelation?", Barth's reply was that the authority of the Bible is "self-authenticating." While John Calvin (1509–64) had pointed not just to "the internal testimony of the Holy Spirit" but also to "external evidences" for biblical authority, Barth swept the external evidences away, insisting that the Bible be subjected to no criteria outside of its own. Rudolf Bultmann (1884–1976) achieved a similar result, drawing not only on Lutheran theology but on the neo-Kantian and existentialist philosophies of his time. These enabled Bultmann to dismiss historical knowledge as merely "objectifying" knowledge. It is a false and misleading form of knowledge, insofar as it tries to understand human existence "objectively," in a way which ignores my involvement as a subject in that which I am attempting to understand. Such knowledge merely enables me to escape the demand for decision and commitment which I encounter in my lived experience. Religion, on the other hand, deals not with "facts" which can be understood objectively; it deals with the realm of decision and commitment, a realm inaccessible to objectifying knowledge.
Barth and Bultmann were major thinkers, who recognised the enormity of the crisis facing Christian faith by the radical ways in which they tried to respond to it. But many of their followers came to see their responses as inadequate. Barth's bold defiance of historical relativity was bought at the price of an act of faith which seemed to be, in the end, entirely arbitrary. It is true that, once one learned (as Barth said) to think "from God out," the challenge of history disappeared. But what grounds could be offered for embracing this biblical perspective? Having rejected Calvin's appeal to "external evidences," Barth was left with no publicly accessible grounds at all. At this point, Christian theology seemed destined for the ghetto. Bultmann's thought was at first sight more open to philosophical scrutiny, but it too ran into irresolvable contradictions. Christian faith could not in the end divorce itself from the merely "objectifying" knowledge of the historian, if it was to be true to its traditional claim that God had become incarnate in human history. Indeed, it was one of Bultmann's former students, Ernst Käsemann, who in 1953 reintroduced the question of history into the theological debate. That question has been taken up with some vigour in our own time by Wolfhart Pannenberg (b.1928).
Insofar as all these thinkers are dealing with the questions first raised in the seventeenth century, they may be regarded as forming a single research tradition, although unlike a scientific research tradition, it deals with conceptual rather than empirical matters. The question with which my book ends is a simple one, but one rarely asked by either biblical scholars or theologians. At what point should one judge that this particular research tradition ought to be abandoned, that it has failed to achieve its object and is unlikely to make further progress? In the history of science, there are moments which grand research traditions were rightly abandoned. The most famous, as we have seen, occurred in the seventeenth century, when all attempts to shore up the tottering framework of Ptolemaic astronomy were finally shown to have been in vain. At what point should one make a similar judgment about this tradition of Christian theology?
Philosophers of science argue that a research tradition is still "alive," that it is making progress, when it is able to resolve an increasing number of problems without creating further problems or anomalies. Is this true of the tradition I have outlined? It appears not. The dialectical theologians attempted to reverse the pattern of thought established by thinkers such as Troeltsch, which they saw as incompatible with Christian faith. But the problems raised by the "great reversal" of the seventeenth century could not be so easily evaded. The theology of Pannenberg at the beginning of the twenty-first century effectively brings us back to the position occupied by Troeltsch at the beginning of the twentieth, with (I would argue) no greater degree of success. If this represents a progressive research tradition, then one is entitled to ask what a degenerating tradition would look like. The most obvious conclusion would seem to be a simple one. Christian theology has been unable to survive the intellectual challenges raised by the onset of modernity. Like any decision to abandon a major research tradition, this is, of course, a matter of judgment. There will no doubt be many whose judgment will be different from mine, but I will be interested to see on what grounds they feel able to disagree.
Gregory W. Dawes is a Senior Lecturer in Religious Studies at the University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.بزرگترین مجموعه حشرات و کنه ها در دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز قرار گرفته است
به گزارش سفر به روسیه، عضو هیئت علمی گروه گیاه پزشکی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز گفت: مجموعه حشرات و کنه های اهواز در این دانشگاه با وجود هزاران نمونه بومی و غیر بومی عظیم ترین کلکسیون در نوع خود پس از موزه های تهران است.
اگر علاقمند به دریافت بهترین خدمات شرایط گرفتن ویزای دانشجویی کانادا هستید با ما همراه شوید، با مجری مستقیم ویزای تحصیلی کانادا، با دریافت مشاوره رایگان از مجربترین تیم مهاجرتی کانادا، بهترین مسیر را به سوی مدارو، کالج ها و دانشگاه های کانادا انتخاب کنید.
مهدی اسفندیاری، عضو هیات علمی گروه گیاه پزشکی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز در مصاحبه با خبرنگار دانشگاه سفر به روسیه، گفت: مجموعه حشرات و کنه های اهواز که در گروه گیاه پزشکی دانشکده کشاورزی قرار گرفته است، از سال 1341 به همت بعضی اساتید و با ارائه درس حشره شناسی در دانشکده کشاورزی ملاثانی راه اندازی شده است.
اسفندیاری اضافه نمود: این مجموعه بیش از 55 سال قدمت دارد و گونه های موجود در آن به همت اساتید و دانشجویان سراسر کشور جمع آوری شده که 90 درصد این گونه ها بومی و 10 درصد نیز نمونه های غیر بومی هستند؛ به عنوان مثال، مجموعه کفشدوزک ها که توسط محمدسعید مصدق جمع آوری شده، مجموعه ای کمیاب در ایران و کشور های همسایه است. همچنین گونه های غیربومی مجموعه حشرات و کنه ها نیز یکی از مهم ترین بخش ها است که شامل بعضی نمونه های کشف شده جدید در جهان است.
عضو هیات علمی گروه گیاه پزشکی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز با بیان اینکه مجموعه حشرات و کنه های اهواز در این دانشگاه با وجود هزاران نمونه بومی و غیر بومی عظیم ترین مجموعه در نوع خود پس از موزه های تهران است و بعضی مجموعه های آن نه تنها در ایران، بلکه در کشور های همسایه نیز بی نظیر است، اضافه نمود: بهبود شرایط این مجموعه در دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز الزامی است و مجموعه حشرات و کنه های دانشگاه جزو مراکز مهم این دانشگاه است که برای نگهداری هرچه بهتر و توسعه آن به امکانات بیشتری از جمله محیط ایزوله و استاندارد احتیاج است که امیدواریم در این خصوص مسئولان بتوانند همکاری های بیشتری را با این مجموعه گران بها داشته باشند.
وی ابراز کرد: حشرات در گرده افشانی گیاهان بسیار مؤثرند و اهمیت این مسئله به قدری است که اخیرا کشور آلمان طرح حفاظت از تنوع زیستی حشرات را با صرف هزینه های زیادی اجرا نموده است. همچنین فایده بعضی از حشرات مانند زنبور عسل و یا کرم ابریشم در زندگی انسان نیز بسیار آشکار است و بعضی دیگر از حشرات به طور طبیعی حشرات مضر را کنترل می نمایند؛ حشراتی نیز هستند که آفت های کشاورزی محسوب می شوند و هرساله هزینه های بسیاری برای کنترل آن ها پرداخت می گردد و به طور کامل نیز کنترل پذیر نیستند.
مسئول مجموعه حشرات و کنه های دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز اذعان کرد: در بخش پزشکی نیز پشه مالاریا، سالانه تعداد بسیاری را به کام مرگ می کشد و در حوزه دامپزشکی هم حشراتی هستند که دام های کوچک و عظیم را به خطر می اندازند. با وجود کشف بسیاری از گونه های حشرات که هم برای زندگی انسان مفید هستند و هم مضر، همچنان گونه هایی هستند که هنوز کشف نشدند که این مسئله نشان دهنده اهمیت و گستردگی این گونه است.منبع: خبرگزاری دانشجوPasquale Vena
Pasquale Vena è il fondatore dell'azienda produttrice del celebre Amaro Lucano. L'azienda nasce nel retrobottega del biscottificio di Pasquale Vena nel 1894, quando dilettandosi a sperimentare diverse miscele di erbe, riesce a realizzare la "ricetta perfetta" che ancora oggi costituisce il segreto della famiglia Vena per produrre l'attuale Amaro Lucano, liquore famoso ormai in gran parte del mondo.
In breve tempo l'azienda varcò i confini regionali ed ebbe una importante espansione sino alla seconda guerra mondiale, quando per mancanza di materie prime, dovette rallentare la produzione. Subito dopo l'Amaro Lucano continuò a crescere e a farsi conoscere sino a gli anni '60 quando grazie alla decisione di investire in importanti campagne pubblicitarie, l'azienda cominciò ad esportare in tutto il mondo il suo pregiato liquore. Di lì la necessità di industrilizzare il processo produttivo e di spazi adeguati che si concretizzarono nello spostamento dal laboratorio di Pisticci all'attuale stabilimento a Pisticci Scalo, dove oltre al celebre liquore, l'azienda produce una serie di liquori "minori".I have been thinking a lot about the type of reflection we ask our students to do and why we do it. In context of attempting to create an educational culture that’s enables and fosters creativity, reflection is an important tool. At the moment when our students reflect on their learning it is in a journal form, mainly written in a book. This has obvious limitations. The most noticeable one is that the only people that will see this reflection are the child who has written it and (maybe) the teacher.
We are attempting to create an environment where each child is inundated with as many ideas as possible. Creativity is often born from the individual’s ability to take two or three disparate ideas, join them together in a way no one else can see and by doing so create a brand new idea.
If a child is not constantly accessing different ideas then the opportunity to do this is limited. If only using the reflection model of a journal in a book, spoken of previously, as only 2 people will be inputting into the reflection, there is the potential that neither the child nor the teacher has any good ideas what so ever and therefore that creative process becomes limited.
I have been working with Richard Olsen from Ideas Lab on this matter and together we have been experimenting with a reflection template built in a Buddy Press platform.This emulates a social network eg Facebook which allows for a flow of ideas, plus other things such as peer to peer learning.
At the moment I am using this template in a project I am working on (alongside Kristen Swenson) using the game Minecraft. The students driving question for this project was “can you teach an area of our schools curriculum through the game Minecraft” (yes – they were doing some research for me). When it come time to reflect they login to their template where they have all created their own profile and they fill in a fairly simple form.
The power of this system is that as it operates as a social network each child can go to any other students reflection, read it and leave a comment with some advice, something they had noticed, some encouragement etc. Furthermore all of the groups that are forming up around the project question are listed down the left hand side. Each student can go and look at the other projects reflection and read, comment etc. At any stage a student is able to leave their own project and join another group if they realise that it is more suited to them or they have more to add in that project than their current one. A number of students have done exactly that over the
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the villagers create a cost-sharing maintenance plan to deal with future problems.
“We are now trying our best to take care of the water,” says community member Raees Khaliq. “We have a specific time for people in the community to come and take the water and we even lock the manual pump when it is not being supervised.”
Protecting the waterways, and profiting
Beyond making sure people have access to water, Counterpart’s programs also make sure water resources are not being harmed in pursuit of development gains. Key to Counterpart’s approach is the knowledge that communities cannot be expected to protect the environment if it comes at an economic cost they cannot bear.
In the Dominican Republic, rice farmers were poisoning the waterways that led into a protected national park. Counterpart worked with rice farmers to decrease their pesticide, fertilizer and water use while actually increasing the profitability of their crop.
The delicate mangroves and lakes downstream are profiting too. In just a few years, communities near Montecristi national park have seen fish return to once-toxic ponds.
Managing water responsibly
Efforts like these to improve both farming and water are just as important in Ethiopia, where farmers and herders were seeing their land destroyed by flooding due to deforestation.
Things started to turn around in Arsi Negele after Counterpart implemented its Ethiopian Sustainable Tourism Alliance program, which included a large-scale watershed management project.
Planting seedlings and constructing low-budget rock structures called check-dams created a manageable water flow to corn and teff fields while preventing flooding and erosion.
The landscape is transforming now as plants return, allowing crops to thrive and animals to graze again.
Responsible water management is just as critical for Counterpart’s Multi-Year Assistance Program in Niger, where families must constantly guard against food insecurity and drought.
As the wetlands became overexploited in a community called Issoufouri, more and more men were forced to emigrate in search of employment.
Counterpart worked with Issoufouri and other Nigerien communities to plant native grasses and shrubs that stop erosion, and taught farmers to make better use of wetlands with new crop varieties, planting and harvesting methods and proper post-harvest handling and storage.
Counterpart also provided irrigation equipment and technology, and organized community groups to manage it.
Twenty-two years after he left Issoufouri, Fadjimi Boula returned this year to find a wetland transformed.
“To my surprise, I found wells constructed in our wetland, with many women busy cultivating vegetables,” he says.
By the end of the farming season, Boula had enough money to replace his roof and send his first child to school.
More than 50 families are now cultivating the wetlands in Issoufouri. The water management and improved livelihoods have left them better nourished and more resilient to the droughts and shortages of their harsh environment.
Bringing water into the future
Counterpart’s work helping communities get clean, safe water and manage it well continues to be a key factor in new programs.
In Guatemala, Counterpart’s Food for Progress program will work with farmers to instill water management practices as part of efforts to increase agricultural productivity and tackle entrenched rural malnutrition.
In Bangladesh, the Leadership Development Program will bring youth and community leaders the skills they need to advocate for their communities’ most pressing needs. In a county so vulnerable to natural disasters and climate change, water accessibility and management will surely be a critical issue for the next generation.
Counterpart will continue to work with communities every day to use water responsibly in a way that benefits both people and the planet.Human Movement Science, 21 5-6 , 621-639. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General. Furthermore, studies indicate that the head circumference of children exposed to cocaine is lower than those unexposed. For example, babies keep making sounds that get them attention they need. Development across the life span. This includes both the physical structure of the brain and the characteristics the person expresses because of it.
For example, children must first learn to crawl and to pull up to a standing position before they are able to walk. Watson was able to explain the aspects of human psychology through the process of. Children ages 6—13 and young adults performed a serial response time task in which a response and a timing sequence were presented repeatedly in a phase-matched manner, allowing for. On the other hand, it has been found that when schools make an effort to increases family and school involvement, children perform better on state tests. A Dynamic systems approach to development applications.
By three years the child begins to use complex sentences, including relative clauses, although still perfecting various systems. Each neuron can have multiple connections to other neurons. Motor development can be imapired by maternal cocaine abuse. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. However, the authors conclude that it may be that short term depression has no effect, where as long term depression could cause more serious problems. Language delay is usually more rigorous than other developmental delays in intellectually disabled children, and it is usually the first obvious symptom of intellectual disability.
Freud believed that children progress through a series of psychosexual stages. For example, if a child has one tall parent and one short parent, the child may end up splitting the difference by being of average height. Environmental variables including parenting, culture, education and social relationships also play a vital role. Piaget's first interests were those that dealt with the ways in which animals adapt to their environments and his first scientific article about this subject was published when he was 10 years old. However, examination of environmental factors also shows that young human beings can survive within a fairly broad range of environmental experiences.
Some of these theories are known as grand theories and attempt to explain almost every aspect of how people change and grow over the course of childhood. Reducing the prevalence of the parasite can be a benefit in child growth, development, and educational outcome. However, naturalistic research on language development has indicated that preschoolers' vocabularies are strongly associated with the number of words addressed to them by adults. It also incorporates the use of utterance to serve different functions and can be defined as the ability to communicate one's feelings and desires to others. Current Directions in Psychological Science. According to demographics 1 out of 5 children will learn to talk or use words later than other children their age.
The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. In his famous Bobo doll experiment, Bandura demonstrated that kids could learn aggression by watching the actions of an adult model. Increased knowledge of age-specific milestones allows parents and others to keep track of. Basic reading skills is the most common learning disability in children, which, like other disabilities, focuses on the difference between a child's academic achievement and his or her apparent capacity to learn. Not all infants go through the stages of belly crawling. The four systems are microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, and macrosystem. Researchers suggest that as many as half of all zygotes that form have more or less than 23 chromosomes, but most of these are spontaneously aborted and never develop into a full-term baby.
The authors emphasize fundamental principles, enduring themes, and important recent studies, avoiding excessive detail and making typically difficult topics easier to grasp. Most children learn this skill or developmental milestone between the ages of 9 and 15 months. There are various definitions of periods in a child's development, since each period is a continuum with individual differences regarding start and ending. You will also learn a lot about your child's interests and skills. There are also several clinical specialists who are specifically trained in various areas of development who can be consulted. Defending Childhood: Keeping the Promise of Early Education.
Drawing on their extensive experience as teachers and researchers, Robert Siegler, Judy DeLoache and Nancy Eisenberg emphasize the fundamental principles and enduring themes underlying children's development and focus on key research that is most reflective of the field in 2002. An Introduction to Child Development. Partial correlations between the same variables controlling for responsive parenting were also computed. There are some population differences in motor development, with girls showing some advantages in small muscle usage, including of sounds with lips and tongue. The National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities has recently launched a campaign to promote child development. Each stage of development is part of a continuum, building on the previous stage and affecting the next. Early skills rely heavily on word recognition.
Older children continue the sequence by walking sideways or backward, galloping, hopping, skipping with one foot and walking with the other, and finally skipping. The difference is much more than a matter of social graces. There are also bigger genetic factors like the tendency to use the left or right side of the body more, predicting the dominant hand early. Plasticity may involve guidance by endogenous factors like hormones as well as by exogenous factors like infection. Experience plays a role in determining which people are familiar, which are obeyed, and how anger is expressed.
Younger children depend on gestures for a direct statement of their message. However, the narrow focus on parental behaviour can be criticised for unnecessarily ruling out the possible effect of institutionalised neglect, e. The other factor that influences child development is the environment. This theory states that children acquire language because they want to communicate with others; this theory is heavily based on social-cognitive abilities that drive the language acquisition process. When electricity goes through a circuit, it powers a response. Developmental change may occur as a result of genetically-controlled processes known as , or as a result of environmental factors and learning, but most commonly involves an interaction between the two. Psychoanalytic theories of development : an integration.Nel video c’è Jorginho che passeggia per via Duomo e vede i ragazzini che, come ogni sera, improvvisano una partitella nel piazzale antistante la cattedrale. Si ferma e cerca di inserirsi nella partitella, come fanno di solito i ragazzi. Gli scugnizzi non lo considerano, fino a che uno di loro lo guarda e dice: “Ma tu sei Jorginho?” e chiama gli altri a raccolta.
Ma i ragazzi non sono sicuri che sia lui: “Fammi vedere il portafogli”, dice un ragazzino che vuole addirittura controllare i documenti. Poi gli danno la palla e Jorginho si esibisce in una serie di palleggi, prima di piede, poi di testa. A quel punto i ragazzi sono sicuri che sia lui e uno scugnizzo corre verso un amico urlando: “E’ Jorginho, dammi il telefono”. I ragazzi si raccolgono insieme al calciatore per fare una foto di gruppo di un momento che non dimenticheranno più. “Partitella davanti a Duomo di Napoli – scrive Jorginho descrivendo il video – Mi aspettavo di potere giocare di più con voi, magari la prossima volta”.
GUARDA IL VIDEO DA YOUTUBEUFFICIALE - Terzo colpo per il Foggia in pochi giorni
Il Foggia fa sul serio: dopo gli arrivi di Samuele Guddo tra i pali e dell'esterno di centrocampo Youssef Sadek, la società rossonera ufficializza l'arrivo di Matteo Gerbaudo, centrocampista classe 1995, reduce dalla vittoria del campionato di Serie D con la casacca dell'Avellino con cui è sceso in campo 34 volte mettendo a segno due reti. Cresciuto nella Juventus con la cui Primavera ha collezionato 31 presenze e undici gol tra il 2012 e il 2014, ha esordito in B nella stagione 2014/2015 timbrando tre presenze con il Vicenza prima di passare alla Spal in C con cui colleziona altre sette presenze. Passa poi alla Carrarese, al Pordenone e al Cuneo dove, in tre stagioni di Serie C, mette insieme un totale di 52 presenze e due reti. Nella passata stagione l'avventura in Irpinia con cui vince il girone il girone G e lo scudetto di categoria. Salgono così a 9 i calciatori della rosa del Foggia ad aver vinto lo scorso torneo di Serie D: Gentile, Anelli, Di Jenno e Buono con il Como, Viscomi, Campagna e Tortori con il Cesena e Iadaresta con il Bari. Segno evidente che patron Felleca vuole puntare alla vittoria del campionato senza mezzi termini.
Intanto, nelle scorse ore, il Foggia ha ufficializzato l'arrivo dell'under Sadek, ala destra classe 1999, nella passata stagione alla Sanremese con cui ha collezionato 25 presenze in Serie D dopo essere cresciuto nel Virtus Entella. Guddo, estremo difensore under classe 1999 cresciuto nel Palermo, dopo un fugace avvio di stagione con la Nocerina con cui ha solo fatto una panchina in Coppa contro il Nola, è reduce da una stagione, la scorsa, al Latina in Serie D dove ha collezionato 19 presenze subendo 21 gol.
Sofiane Kadi, dopo aver chiuso la sua brevissima esperienza rossonera, si è accasato al Muravera, squadra sarda di Serie D.Cilt Beyazlatmak İçin Krem Tarifi
Ten açıcı krem tarifleri yazımızda size evde 15 dakikada yapabileceğiniz cilt beyazlatma tarifinden bahsedeceğim.Cilt beyazlatıcı ve leke giderici maske ve kremler cildin doğal renginden daha açık bir renge sahip olmak için ve daha açık bir tene kavuşmak için uygulanmaktadır. Kimi kadınlar daha açık bir tenle daha çekici ve sağlıklı göründüklerini düşünürler.
Eğer siz de daha açık bir tene kavuşmak istiyorsanız bunu tamamen doğal içeriklerle hazırlayabileceğiniz bir cilt beyazlatıcı kremle gerçekleştirebilirsiniz. Aşağıda bu kremin tarifini ve uygulamasını bulabilirsiniz.
Cilt beyazlatıcı krem için ihtiyacınız olanlar:
- Bal
- Portakal suyu
- Limon suyu
- Yoğurt
- Salatalık
- Un
- Zerdeçal
- Kaymak
Cilt beyazlatıcı krem hazırlanışı
Bu kremin hazırlanışında çeşitli kombinasyonlar deneyebilirsiniz:
- Yoğurt ve portakal suyunu eşit miktarlarda karıştırın ve cildinize uygulayarak 15. kadar bekleyin. Sonra cildinizi suyla yıkayarak durulayın.
- Salatalık ve limon suyunu veya bal ve limon suyunu eşit miktarlarda karıştırarak da cildinize uygulayabilirsiniz. Bu uygulamalardan birisini 1 ay süreyle her gün uygulayın. 1 aydan sonra işlemi haftada 1 veya 2 defa tekrarlayın.
- 2 kaşık dolusu un, biraz zerdeçal tozu, birkaç damla limon suyu ve kaymağı karıştırın. İyice hamur haline geldikten sonra bunu her gün cildinize uygulayın. Karışım cildinizde kuruyana kadar bekleyin. Sonra suyla yıkayarak durulayın.
Bunlara dikkat edin
- Her insanın cilt yapısı ve hassasiyeti farklı olabilir. Limon veya portakal suyuyla evde hazırlayacağınız herhangi bir cilt beyazlatıcı karışım ciltte tahrişe neden olabilir. Eğer cildinizde bir reaksiyon olursa karışımı hazırlarken daha fazla yoğurt veya diğer kombinasyonlarda belirtilen salatalık veya bal kullanın. Eğer cildinizdeki tahriş daha kötü olursa hekime görünün.
- Portakal suyu veya limon suyu cildinizi ışığa daha duyarlı yapabilir. Örneğin güneş altında cildiniz daha çabuk bir şekilde ve kolayca bronzlaşabilir.Kitap Açıklaması
Arka Kapak Yazısı (Tanıtım Bülteninden)
Nicolea Jorga Romanya'nın gelmiş geçmiş en büyük tarihçisi sayıldığı gibi, eserleri çeşitli dillerde, Almanya, Fransa İtalya ve ABD'de defalarca basılmış, dünyaca tanınmış bir tarihçidir. Almanca beş ciltlik Osmanlı İmparatorluğu Tarihi (1300-1912), daha önce yazılmış belli başlı genel Osmanlı tarihleri (J. von Hammer ve J.W. Zinkeisen) yanında yeni ve kapsamlı bir yaklaşımı temsil eder. Herşeyden önce Jorga'nın Osmanlı tarihi, önyargılardan oldukça kurtulmuş, belgelerin tanıklığına öncelik veren ciddi bir tarihçinin eseridir. Jorga'ya göre Osmanlı tarihi, "dünya tarihinin parlak bir bölümü"nü temsil eder. Jorga'nın şimdiye dek kullanılmamış kaynaklara dayanan Osmanlı tarihinin orijinalliği, Türkiye'de erkenden takdir edilmiş, ancak Türkçe'ye çevrilmesi gecikmiştir. Soruları ortaya oyan, yaratıcı bir tarihçi olarak Jorga'nın özelliğini en iyi Gh. Bratianu şu sözlerle ifade etmiştir: "Jorga'nın yazdığı her satır bir fikir tohumu taşır; araştırılacak problemler ortaya atar ve okuyanda ilgi uyandırır; bunlar olmadan hiçbir tarih eseri canlı bir bilim dalı olamaz, ölü bir söz olarak kalır"
-Prof. Dr. Halil İNALCIK-It’s wildly accepted that crime and punishment in history has been brutal. A person could find themselves facing terrible punishments for what we now consider petty crimes. But behind the horror of execution where those tasked with delivering it. The life of an executioner was nothing glamorous or forbiddingly dark. Forget the black hooded man you see in period dramas, he didn’t even wear one, the real person was not as mysterious.
Firstly, they lived a rather lonely life, ostracised from society. This was likely partially their choice as well as societies. They earned a decent wage for their work torturing and killing. But it cost them their social standing, entering this career would see a person being shunned wholeheartedly. Who would have wanted to befriend the person who ripped out the guts of other men or killed someone they knew? Naturally this wasn’t a job that received a lot of applicants, typically an executioner was selected, local butcher was a favourite choice from then on it was typically a family career children of an executioner often followed into the trade, further limiting their social circle. It is easy to trace the family tree of those descended from executioners due to the almost dynastic nature of it. A son of one would was usually set to marry the child of another executioner. Their homes were not much better, they stood a distance from the majority of the towns residence. Often an executioner and their family lived near graveyards, brothels, or cess pits. Other methods of annexation where disallowing them from church services due to the inherit sin of their job, the preformed a necessary evil, but an evil none the less and where therefore seen as unclean. The church was the social hub of most communities this was a very clear statement that they were seen as not belonging to the town. This is even echoed in legal terms as most executioners and their kin were denied citizenship of their towns.
Despite having the death penalty commonly used executions were not done frequently. However, sitting around doing nothing just waiting for an execution order to come was not an option, there was plenty
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Paul Revere and other riders were able to warn the patriots of the attack and at dawn militiamen confronted the British troops first at Lexington and then Concord. After these battles 73 British soldiers were dead, 174 wounded and 26 were missing. Americans suffered too with 49 Massachusetts militiamen killed and 39 wounded. The battles at Lexington and Concord show a more radical way that the colonists chose to achieve independence from Britain. Due to violence and a want for rapid change, the battles of Lexington and Concord show politically how the American Revolution can almost be a cataclysmic revolution.
The American Revolution did not happen suddenly, but built up more as each new act was passed and the frustration of the colonists grew. When considered politically, the American Revolution was an accelerated evolution because it was not a sudden plan of change, but a wanted change formed by the increased anger many colonists felt towards the British government. The degree to which the American Revolution is, politically an accelerated evolution and not a cataclysmic revolution is limited to the battles of Lexington and Concord fought to gain American self-rule. Economically, to a certain degree the American Revolution was an accelerated evolution, instead of a cataclysmic revolution.
Although, political disputes between America and Britain were the original cause of tension, the economic influence was much greater on the colonist’s anger. The Stamp Act imposed so many taxes on such a variety of items, it was nearly impossible to make a living and to pay for things such as newspapers, pamphlets, bonds, leases, deeds, college diplomas, dice, and playing cards. Even when the government repealed the Stamp Act in 1766, they immediately placed into action the Declaratory Act, which stated that the government could impose any tax they saw fit to. Another act that led to money troubles for the colonists was he Townshend Act of 1767. It placed taxes on tea, glass, paper and paint. After this act was passed many colonists were so frustrated and angry that they began to boycott British goods, in hopes that the taxes would be taken away. This was another peaceful method that the colonists used to resist the British government.
It also shows how the American Revolution was an accelerated evolution. Tired of being ignored and punished by the British government the colonies formed a club called the Sons of Liberty. The formation of this club shows the extent to which economically the American Revolution can be called an accelerated evolution because of the many violent and drastic things the Sons of Liberty did. The members broke into homes of tax collectors, beat them up and burned tax documents. Lastly, the Tea Act of 1773 was passed, granting the British East India Company the monopoly of tea trading in America. The tea company started delivering tea to America, without having to pay the British tax. This upset the Americans because all other tea traders had to pay the tax to Britain. Radical patriots accused the British ministry of bribing Americans with cheaper East India Company tea, so that they would give up their opposition to the tea tax.
The Sons of Liberty had been preventing East India Company ships from delivering cargoes to New York, Philadelphia, Charleston and Massachusetts. Royal Governor Hutchinson was determined to land the tea ships in the harbor, so that he could collect the tea tax. To foil the governor’s plan about 50 colonists from the Sons of Liberty dressed as Indians and boarded three ships on December 16, 1773. They broke open 342 chests of tea and dumped them into the Boston harbor, costing the British government a large sum of money. This act of defiance shows how the American Revolution could be a cataclysmic revolution. This group of colonists planned an act of resistance to force change. The Boston Tea Party was one of the most important events that led to the start of the American Revolution because it showed what the Americans were willing to do. The extent that the American Revolution was economically considered an accelerated evolution, instead of a cataclysmic revolution was the Boston Tea Party and efforts of the Sons of Liberty.
Socially, the American Revolution was an accelerated evolution, rather than a cataclysmic revolution. In colonial society, the classes were broken into three groups; upper, middle and lower. The taxes imposed by the British mainly affected the people of the middle class, who would eventually rise up and protest. Acts, such as the Stamp Act, and Townshend Act mainly affect the middle class. They were the people who could afford the items that now had taxes on them. The rich were also affected, but less outraged than the middle class. The lowest class had a hard enough time making a living and now they could definitely not afford to buy items that were not a necessity. The middle class and other colonists acted in response with boycotts, protests and other nonviolent methods. This is an example of how socially; the American Revolution was an accelerated evolution because of the peaceful process that the colonists were trying to get change.
Many people who lived in England and ran the British government believed that they were superior to the colonists and deserved to rule over them. This threat to the colonist’s rights upset many people. A more dramatic way to gain independence than protesting was to create the Committees of Correspondence. The first Committee of Correspondence was set up in Massachusetts, in 1772. It allowed patriots to communicate with leaders in other colonies when new threats to their liberty occurred. The threat of inequality was a large part of why many colonists wanted change. The people of England thought that they were better than the colonists and by 1774, when the colonies declared independence only Pennsylvania was without a Committee of Correspondence. The social problems of the colonies, like the burden of taxes on the middle class and the superior attitude of the British people pushed the colonists forward in their goal for independence.
The limited degree to which socially, the American Revolution was an accelerated evolution and not a cataclysmic revolution was due to a more direct approach. This approach was to try and fix the inequality between Americans and the British, during the Committees of Correspondence. When considered politically, economically and socially the extent to which the American Revolution was an accelerated evolution, instead of a cataclysmic is because of the more violent and drastic events that took place to force change in government.
The American Revolution was an accelerated evolution because it gradually took the colonist’s time to realize they wanted a republic, but when they did realize it, they made it happen. The colonists wanted representation, fair taxes and equality for all. The extent to which the American Revolution was an accelerated evolution rather than a cataclysmic revolution when considered politically, economically and socially was during the battles of Lexington and Concord, the Boston Tea Party and the Committees of Correspondence.کرونا در ایران: آمار رسمی مبتلایان از مرز یک میلیون نفر گذشت؛ اعلام نحوۀ فعالیت اصناف و مدارس منطبق با وضعیت قرمز یا نارنجی شهرها
: منتشر شده در
وزارت بهداشت ایران، روز پنجشنبه ۱۳ آذر، اعلام کرد که در شبانه روز گذشته، ۱۳ هزار و ۹٢٢ بیمار جدید مبتلا به کرونا شناسایی شده اند و ٣۵٨ نفر دیگر نیز جان باخته اند. علیرضا زالی فرماندۀ ستاد مقابله با کرونا در کلانشهر تهران، نسبت به بازگشایی های شتابزده هشدار داد و خواستار افزایش ناوگان حمل و نقل عمومی به منظور کاهش میزان سرایت بیماری شد. استاندار تهران نیز اعلام کرد که فعالیت مشاغل گروه ١ و ٢ از روز شنبه، در شهرهای نارنجی تهران مجاز است.
آمار رسمی کرونا در ایران:
سیما سادات لاری سخنگوی وزارت بهداشت ایران، روز ۱۳ آذر، اعلام کرد: «بر اساس یافته های قطعی آزمایشگاهی، از ظهر دیروز تا امروز، تعداد ١۳ هزار و ۹۲۲ بیمار جدید مبتلا به کووید-۱۹ در کشور شناسایی شده اند که ۱۹۲۱ نفر از آنها بستری شده اند و تعداد ۵٨٢۴ نفر از بیماران مبتلا به کووید-۱۹ در وضعیت شدید و بحرانی این بیماری و تحت مراقبت در بخش های آی سی یو قرار دارند و مجموع مبتلایان به این بیماری در ایران، به یک میلیون و ۳۴۹۴ مورد رسیده است».
وی افزود: «متأسفانه در طول ۲۴ ساعت گذشته، تعداد ۳۵٨ نفر از بیماران مبتلا به کووید-۱۹ در کشور، جان خود را از دست داده اند و مجموع درگذشتگان بر اثر این بیماری به ۴۹ هزار و ٣۴٨ نفر رسیده است».
وی گفت: «۲۷ استان تهران، اصفهان، قم، آذربایجان شرقی، خراسان جنوبی، سمنان، قزوین، لرستان، اردبیل، خوزستان، کرمانشاه، کهگیلویه و بویراحمد، گیلان، بوشهر، زنجان، ایلام، خراسان رضوی، مازندران، چهارمحال و بختیاری، البرز، آذربایجان غربی، مرکزی، کرمان، خراسان شمالی، همدان، کردستان و یزد در وضعیت قرمز قرار دارند و همچنین استان های هرمزگان، سیستان و بلوچستان، فارس و گلستان نیز در وضعیت هشدار بیماری قرار دارند».
وی همچنین گفت: «در حال حاضر ۶۴ شهرستان در وضعیت قرمز، ۲۷۸ شهرستان نارنجی و ۱۰۶ شهرستان در وضعیت زرد قرار دارند.»
علیرضا زالی نسبت به بازگشایی های شتابزده هشدار داد و خواستار افزایش ناوگان حمل و نقل عمومی شد
علیرضا زالی فرمانده ستاد عملیات مدیریت بیماری کرونا در پایتخت گفت: «تهران گرانیگاه کنترل بیماری کووید- ۱۹ است و کنترل این بیماری در کشور بدون مهار و جلوگیری از طغیان آن در تهران امکانپذیر نیست».
وی افزود: «شرایط تهران هنوز شکننده و ناپایدار است وبازگشاییهای شتابزده میتواند باعث افزایش شیوع بیماری و تکرار تجربه تلخ اردیبهشت ماه شود».
وی عدم فاصله گذاری اجتماعی و حمل و نقل عمومی را دو عامل خطر مهم در افزایش شیوع و انتقال کووید- ۱۹ برشمرد و یادآور شد: «فضاهای مسقف و بدون تهویه مناسب با حضور بیش از ۱۵ نفر از جمله کانونهای خطر بیماری محسوب میشوند.»
وی به عنوان یکی از مداخلات مهمی که هرچه سریعتر باید انجام پذیرد به افزایش ناوگان اتوبوسرانی و واگنهای مترو اشاره کرد که میتواند به طور چشمگیری میزان سرایت بیماری را کاهش دهد.
فرمانده ستاد عملیات مدیریت بیماری در پایتخت در ادامه گفت: «از شنبه شرایط تهران به عنوان شهر نارنجی تلقی میشود اما باید توجه داشت که برخی از محدودیتها مثل حضور حداکثر ۵۰ درصد کارکنان، تعطیلی برخی مشاغل گروه سه و چهارم، عدم اجرای مراسم و برنامههای تجمعی آیینی کماکان پابرجاست. »
استاندار تهران: فعالیت مشاغل گروه ١ و ٢ در شهرهای نارنجی تهران مجاز است
انوشیروان محسنی بندپی استاندار تهران، در تشریح اعمال محدودیت های کرونایی از روز شنبه و فعالیت پاساژها در تهران گفت: «مصوبات ستاد ملی کرونا لازم الاجرا است و تبصره ای برای استثناء شدن صنف خاصی ندارد». وی افزود: «هنگامی که شهر تهران به وضعیت نارنجی تغییر کند، یعنی فعالیت گروه ١ و ٢ مجاز است و می توانند فعالیت کنند».
وی ادامه داد: «برابر مصوبه، فعالیت پاساژها و مجتمع ها با توجه به اینکه در گروه مشاغل ٢ هستند امکان پذیر است اما باید با رعایت کامل پروتکل های بهداشتی به گونه ای فعالیت کنند که دوباره به وضعیت قرمز بازنگردیم و شاهد توقف فعالیت آنها نباشیم».
استاندار تهران در بخش دیگری از صحبت های خود با تاکید بر اینکه شاخص ستادملی مدیریت کرونا در هر ١٠٠ هزار نفر تعداد بستری ٤ نفر برای شهر زرد، ٦ نفر برای شهر نارنجی و ١٠ نفر برای شهر قرمز است، افزود: «کلانشهر تهران و استان تهران به جز پیشوا از وضعیت قرمز خارج شده است لذا فعالیت گروه های ٣ و٤ در این وضعیت ممنوع و گروه ١ و ٢ امکان پذیر است و فعالیت ادارات نیز به صورت ٥٠ درصد خواهد بود».
وی تاکید: «وضعیت شهرها به صورت هفتگی بررسی و وضعیت آنها در حالت های زرد، نارنجی و قرمز مشخص خواهد شد، اما محدودیت تردد شبانه مختص شهرهای قرمز بود که مقرر است در جلسه روز شنبه ستاد ملی موضوع بررسی شود و احتمال اینکه این ممنوعیت برای شهرهای نارنجی هم اجرایی شود، زیاد است».
زمان پایان محدودیت ها، سفید بودن وضعیت شهرهاست
دو هفته از اجرای طرح هوشمند مدیریت کرونا سپری شده و در ارزیابی های جدید بسیاری از شهرهای قرمز به حالت نارنجی و زرد تغییر وضعیت داده اند و از روز شنبه نیز قرار است تا محدودیت ها متناسب با وضعیت جدید شهرها اعمال شود، اما طبق تاکید وزارت کشور اجرای طرح هوشمند مدیریت کرونا زمان ندارد.
در این طرح در شهرهای قرمز به عنوان شهرهای خیلی پرخطر، همه مشاغل به جز مشاغل دسته یک و ضروری، تعطیل خواهند بود. همچنین ورود پلاک های غیربومی به شهرهای قرمز و نارنجی ممنوع است و پلاک های بومی شهرهای قرمز نیز اجازه ورود به شهرهای دیگر را ندارند. در وضعیت نارنجی نیز به عنوان شهرهای پرخطر مشاغل سطح ۳ و ۴ تعطیل خواهند بود. در وضعیت زرد نیز به عنوان شهرهای خطر متوسط، فقط مشاغل سطح ۴ تعطیل خواهند بود.
حسین قاسمی دبیر کمیتۀ اجتماعی انتظامی ستاد ملی کرونا، در خصوص اجرای طرح جدید محدودیت های کرونایی که از شنبه هفته آتی اجرا می شود، می گوید: «اعلام زمان دوهفته ای برای اجرای این طرح صحیح نیست. این طرح قید زمانی برای پایان ندارد. در حقیقت زمانی پایان می یابد که وضعیت از قرمز به نارنجی، از نارنجی به زرد و از زرد به سفید تبدیل شود که در آن هنگام طرح خاتمه یافته است».
ذولفقاری رئیس کمیته اجتماعی، انتظامی ستاد ملی مقابله با کرونا نیز درباره نداشتن قید زمانی برای طرح هوشمند مدیریت کرونا، گفت: «در این طرح یک هفته و دو هفته نداریم و طرح هوشمند مدیریت کرونا طرحی مستمر است. محدودیت ها هوشمند است به این معنا که شهرهای کشور بر اساس ارزیابی هفتگی وزارت بهداشت در وضعیت های زرد، نارنجی و قرمز قرار می گیرند. بی تردید با توجه به این وضعیت ها محدودیت های متناسب اعمال خواهد شد. به این ترتیب از روز شنبه هفته آتی تا پایان هفته آینده بر اساس اعلام وضعیت شهرها محدودیت در آنها اعمال خواهد شد.
وی تاکید کرد که اجرای این طرح در مرحله اول دو هفته بود و از حالا به بعد روزهای دوشنبه هر هفته وضعیت شهرها توسط وزارت بهداشت اعلام خواهد شد و بر مبنای آن برای شنبه بعد آن اعمال محدودیت ها مشخص می شود و استمرار طرح تا زمان کنترل بیماری ادامه پیدا خواهد کرد.
نحوۀ فعالیت مدارس در مناطق نارنجی از روز شنبه
محدودیت های دوهفته ای کرونا، شنبه به پایان می رسد و آنگونه که وزیر آموزش و پرورش اعلام کرده است مدارس در مناطق نارنجی با حضور مدیر و حداقل کادر اجرایی فعال و بر فرآیند آموزش های غیرحضوری نظارت خواهند کرد.
محسن حاجیمیرزایی وزیر آموزش و پرورش با توجه به اتمام محدودیت های دوهفته ای، درباره نحوه فعالیت مدارس مناطقی که از شرایط قرمز کرونایی خارج می شوند، این گونه پاسخ داده است: «ستاد ملی مبارزه با کرونا در این زمینه تعیین تکلیف کرده است، بنابراین در مناطق نارنجی فعالیت آموزشی به صورت غیرحضوری خواهد بود».
وزارت آموزش و پرورش پیش از این و در پی انتشار برخی اخبار غیررسمی در فضای مجازی و شبکههای اجتماعی غیررسمی درباره چگونگی روند ادامه سال تحصیلی جاری، با صدور اطلاعیهای اعلام کرده بود که وزارت آموزش و پرورش با در نظر گرفتن این مهم که سلامت دانش آموزان و معلمان در اولویت است، درخصوص ادامه به کار مدارس و روند آموزش حضوری تابع تصمیمات ستاد ملی مقابله با کرونا است و معلمان، دانش آموزان واولیای آنان اخبار مربوط به مصوبات ستاد را فقط از رسانه ملی و پورتال اطلاع رسانی وزارت آموزش و پرورش پیگیری کنند.
وضعیت حضور کارکنان در ادارات منطبق با وضعیت قرمز، نارنجی و زرد شهرها تشریح شد
رئیس سازمان اداری و استخدامی کشور، با صدور بخشنامه ای، نحوۀ حضور کارکنان و فعالیت ادارات را از روز شنبه تا پایان هفتۀ آینده، منطبق با وضعیت جدید اعلام شده برای هر شهر اعلام کرد. بدین ترتیب به منظور کاهش ترددهای شهروندان و کارکنان دولت در شرایط هشدار، وضعیت حضور کارکنان و فعالیت ادارات در هر یک از وضعیتهای اعلامی از سوی قرارگاه عملیاتی ستاد ملّی مدیریت کرونا در ادارات شهرها تشریح شد.
در مناطق زرد: کارکنان ادارات ارائهدهنده خدمات ضروری و دستگاههای مرتبط با مأموریتهای اساسی و مدیریت شهری با ۱۰۰ درصد ظرفیت در محل کار حاضر خواهند شد. در سایر ادارات شهر ارائه خدمات با حضور ۳/۲ (دو سوم) کارکنان انجام خواهد شد.
در مناطق نارنجی: ادارات ارائهدهنده خدمات ضروری و دستگاههای مرتبط با مأموریتهای اساسی و مدیریت شهری میتوانند با تشخیص بالاترین مقام مسئول (در سطح ملّی یا استان) نسبت به کاهش حضور تا ۳/۱ (یک سوم) کارکنان خود اقدام کنند. در سایر ادارات شهر ارائه خدمات با حضور۵۰% (پنجاه درصد) کارکنان انجام خواهد شد.
در مناطق قرمز: دستگاههای ارائهدهنده خدمات ضروری و دستگاههای مرتبط با مأموریتهای اساسی و مدیریت شهری میتوانند با تشخیص بالاترین مقام مسئول (در سطح ملّی یا استان) نسبت به کاهش حضور تا ۵۰% (پنجاه درصد) کارکنان خود اقدام نمایند، مشروط بر آنکه خللی در ارائه خدمات ضروری بهوجود نیاید. در سایر ادارات شهر، ارائه خدمات با حضور حداکثر ۳/۱ (یک سوم) کارکنان انجام خواهد شد. کلیه مراکز آموزشی (آموزشگاهها، مدارس، دانشگاهها) بهطور کامل تعطیل و صرفاً کارکنانی که حضور آنان برای حفاظت فیزیکی و حفاظت تأسیسات و سامانههای الکترونیکی ضروری باشد، در محل کار خود حضور خواهند یافت.
بلاتکلیفی پاساژها برای از سرگیری فعالیت از روز شنبه
طبق اعلام ستاد ملی کرونا، تهران از روز شنبه وارد وضعیت نارنجی شیوع کرونا می شود و اتاق اصناف تهران نیز بر همین اساس اعلام کرده که از شنبه هفته آینده، ۱۵ آذرماه صاحبان واحدهای صنفی گروههای شغلی ۱ و ۲ که پاساژها را نیز شامل میشود، به شرط رعایت دستورالعملهای بهداشتی میتوانند مغازههای خود را باز کنند و فعالیت گروه های شغلی ۳ و ۴ در تهران همچنان ممنوع می باشد.
این در حالیست که روز سه شنبه علیرضا رییسی، سخنگوی ستاد ملی مقابله با کرونا، در ارتباط تصویری با یک برنامه خبری اعلام کرده بود که در وضعیت نارنجی تمام مشاغل به جز مشاغلی مثل پاساژهای سرپوشیده، تالارهای عروسی و بعضی از اماکن فرهنگی و مذهبی مجاز به فعالیت هستند. بنابراین در حال حاضر فعالان صنفی مستقر در پاساژها بلاتکلیف هستند و هنوز
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توافق هسته ای شده است.
رویترز از اظهار نظر بیشتر درباره این مقام ایرانی خودداری کرد، اما دونالد ترامپ، رئیس جمهور سابق آمریکا خواستار تلاش برای بازگشت اسامی افراد و شرکت هایی شد که پیش از این در فهرست تحریم ها به بهانه سلاح هسته ای قرار گرفته اند. آنها همچنین در لیست تحریم ها با برچسب های غیر مرتبط با موضوع هسته ای قرار داشتند.
جمهوری اسلامی ایران پیش از این اعلام کرده بود که دولت آمریکا برای بازگشت به شورای امنیت سازمان ملل متحد باید تمامی تحریم های اعمال شده، اعمال مجدد و برچسب گذاری مجدد را لغو کند.
یکی دیگر از مقامات ایرانی به رویترز گفت که 30 درصد از مسائل دشوار در مذاکرات تحریم ها در وین باقی مانده است، اما می توان در اوایل ماه مارس به توافق رسید.Biomes are defined by IBGE - Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics) as "a set of life forms (vegetal and animal) consisting in contiguous types of vegetation that can be identified at a regional scale with similar geo-climatic conditions and a shared history of changes, resulting in a particular biological diversity”. According to the Mapa dos Biomas do Brasil (Biomes of Brazil Map), elaborated by IBGE and the Ministry of Environment, Brazil has 5 big biomes. The widest one is Amazon, that comprises 49.29% of Brazilian territory and an approximate area of 4,196,943 km². The smallest biome is Pantanal, with an approximate area of 150,355 km² or 1.76% of Brazil's territory. In Rio Grande do Sul, due to the diversity of climate, soils and relief, there is the formation of distinct ecosystems derived from two large biomes: Atlantic Forest and Pampa.
The domain of Atlantic Forest biome, i. e., its area of original vegetal coverage, that may be defined by the predominance of forest vegetation, extends for almost 37% of the State territory, occupying its northern half. At present, out of this percentage, only 7.5% remain in the State, although with a high grade of fragmentation. About 2,931,900 ha of these remaining areas are protected by law since 1993, forming the Atlantic Forest Biosphere Reserve of Rio Grande do Sul.
Regarding Pampa Biome, whose incidence in Brazil is restricted to Rio Grande do Sul, it occupies the southern half of the State or 63% of its territory. It is defined as grassland vegetation, predominantly in plains, that also extends by Uruguay and Argentina, and is characterized by the presence of a large diversity of fauna and flora still poorly studied. At present it is considered the second more threatened biome in the country, after the Atlantic Forest.
Source: IBGE and MMA. Mapa de Biomas do Brasil. 2004 (1:5,000,000),
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上一篇的场景先容我们先容了密阿雷市的第一部门，也就是密阿雷市的中央广场以及南侧的街道，而密阿雷市对照著名的街道尚有以四序为名字的春天大道、炎天大道、秋天大道以及冬天大道，本篇小二就来先容这四条蹊径上的修建，就让我们来看看都有什么内容吧。
春天大道（密阿雷市的一条街道，有着许多对主角时髦水平有所要求的店，同时这里也是最重视服装的区域）：
石头馆——石头馆是一间专门贩售石头的商铺，和柜台的男性攀谈便可购入使宝可梦进化所不能或缺的石头（仅售水之石、火之石和叶之石），和店内左方深处的暮年男性NPC攀谈后，将可用1000000元划分购置布拉塔诺博士没有赠予的两种关都最初的同伴使用的超级石，售价会随主角的时髦度提高而降低，最低可能降到10000元。
福庄时装馆——福庄时装馆是可以买到豪华衣饰的商铺，主角的时髦度到达25后，就可以进入这里购置衣服；这里一共销售18款男装，要将它们所有买下需要破费￥1820000，占游戏中可购置男装总价钱的81.7%；一共销售40款女装，要将它们所有买下需要破费￥3984900，占游戏中可购置女装总价钱的85.2%。
中药局/宝可美容沙龙馆/时髦咖啡馆/汪汪咖啡馆——中药局是密阿雷市销售宝可梦中药的店；宝可美容沙龙馆是通过帮多丽米亚修剪毛发而使其发生形态转变的店，可以携带多丽米亚到这个店里通过修剪来改变它的几种发型，每次更改破费500元且维持五天，当多丽米亚存入电脑后恢回复样，时髦度越高，可以选择的气概越多；时髦咖啡馆是一家咖啡馆，这里能够领会关于卡洛斯区域主要城镇的信息；汪汪咖啡馆是一家咖啡馆。这里是许多多丽米亚兴趣者和崇敬者的交流地。
炎天大道：
ID抽奖中央/平花咖啡馆/密阿雷出书社/英俊咖啡馆——ID抽奖中央是一间逐日抽奖的抽奖中央，获奖依据是所抽出的号码与持有宝可梦上的ID No.的相符；平花咖啡馆的轮滑手女性NPC会辅助主角学会特技；密阿雷出书社是一间出书社，可以向三色堇询问这些街道的主要地址，选“是”的话，她会带主角抵达指定地址；英俊咖啡馆是一间咖啡馆，想成为咖啡馆老板的人在此群集。
秋天大道：
精灵球馆/二柳餐馆/果汁馆/珍爱咖啡馆——精灵球馆是销售精灵球的店；二柳餐馆是一间二星级餐馆，在这里支付15000元就可选择三打对战或者轮盘对战，跟一星餐厅一样接纳延续对战（进入需登入名人堂）；果汁馆是一间销售果汁的店，除了买种种果汁之外，还可以向旁边的男性NPC帮主角选择种种树果，自制果汁；珍爱咖啡馆是一间宝可梦兴趣者群集的咖啡馆。
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Schaeffler Group Industrial, raylı araç üreticileri ve özel müşteri gereksinimleri için çalışan şirketlerle yakın işbirliği içerisinde yatak sistemlerini geliştirir. Bu alanda 100 yılı aşkın tecrübesi ile her uygulama için mükemmel uyum ve yüksek kalite sağlar.Sono tanti i casi di femminicidio ogni anno in Italia, così come altrettanto tragico è il numero di donne vittime di violenze. Se avete il sospetto o conoscete una donna vittima di violenza, alcuni segnali psicologici ed esteriori potrebbero contribuire ad avvalorare il vostro presentimento. Se la donna in questione è una vostra parente o amica, nell’interloquire con lei prestate attenzione a suoi eventuali stati d’ansia, attacchi di panico, depressione stress, perdita di autostima, autocolpevolizzazione; e a segni fisici come bruciature, lividi, contusioni, fratture, aborti spontanei, disordini alimentari. Approcciatevi direttamente con lei, chiedendole se subisce violenze, dicendole che credete in ciò che sta raccontando. Fatele capire che la violenza non va giustificata e non stupitevi del fatto che la vittima possa avere sentimenti contrastanti verso il suo carnefice (spesso si tratta del marito, del convivente o dell’ex), contrapponendo, nei suoi confronti, stima e odio, volontà di chiudere la relazione e speranza di riconciliazione, amore e paura.
Domandatele da quanto avviene la violenza, se è aumentata nel corso del tempo, quanto è grave, se sono presenti armi in casa. Fatele capire che non è una cattiva madre se protegge i suoi figli dalle violenze consumate spesso sotto i loro occhi, e fornitele il numero del centro antiviolenza più vicino o, se non lo conoscete, quello del 1522 che fornirà le giuste informazioni sul centro antiviolenza più vicino.Keşfedilecek yeni bir yer arıyorsanız, Holtdorf tam size göre. İster bir gece ister bir hafta konaklamayı planlayın, Holtdorf çevresi her türlü ihtiyaca cevap verecek otellerle dolu. Hotels.com'la Holtdorf otellerini ararken online haritamızı kullanın. Haritamız tüm Holtdorf otellerini, bölgeye ve semte göre gösterdiği için görülmesi gereken yerlere ne kadar yakın olduğunuzu görebilir ve aramanızı bu şekilde daraltabilirsiniz. En iyi Holtdorf otel fırsatlarını burada en düşük fiyat garantimizle bulacaksınız.Charles Lamb was born in London, England in 1775. He was educated at the well-known Christ's Hospital school, which he attended from age eight to 15. It was there that he met Samuel Taylor Coleridge, who became a lifelong friend; the friendship was to have a significant influence on the literary careers of both men. Lamb did not continue his education at the university, probably because of a nervous condition that resulted in a severe stammer. Instead, he went to work as a clerk, eventually becoming an accounting clerk with the East India Company, where he worked for most of his adult life. However, he continued to pursue his literary interests as well and became well-known as a writer. His best work is considered to be his essays, originally published under the pen name Elia, but Lamb also wrote poetry, plays, and stories for children under his own name. In 1796, Lamb's sister, Mary Ann, went mad and attacked her parents with a knife, killing her mother and wounding her father. She was placed in an institution for a time, but was eventually released into her brother's guardianship. This incident, and later periods when she was institutionalized again, had a great effect on Lamb, who had always been very close to his sister. Charles and Mary Ann Lamb collaborated on several books, including Poetry for Children, Mrs. Leicester's School, and Beauty and the Beast. Probably their best-known collaboration, however, was Tales from Shakespeare, a series of summaries of the plots from 20 Shakespearean plays, which was published in 1807. Charles Lamb died in 1834.ریزش مو در سگها به عنوان آلوپسیا (Alopecia x) شناخته می شود که ممکن است سکه ای یا در سراسر بدن ظاهر شود که به احتمال زیاد یکی از 5 موارد زیر است.
1- ریزش فصلی
بعضی اوقات ریزش موی سگتان به ظاهر شدید است اما طبیعی است.
سگ ها به طور طبیعی در طول سال موهای خود را از دست می دهند اما این ریزش مو در فصل های گرم بیش از همیشه می شود.(این موضوع در برخی نژادها مانند هاسکی و لابرادور کاملاً مشهود است.)
اگر در آب و هوای معتدل زندگی می کنید ریزش فصلی کاهش می یابد.
جالب است بدانید سگهایی با سن بیشتر ریزش موی بیشتری نسبت به سن های پایین تر دارند و این مسئله در پیریشان به اوج خود می رسد.
شما می توانید با استفاده از برس مخصوص سگها به کنترل و جمع آوری موها ریخته شده کمک کنید.
2- عفونت های باکتریایی و قارچی
باکتری ها و قارچ ها ساکنین طبیعی پوست سگها هستند اما آنها می توانند بیش از حد معمول تکثیر شوند و باعث ایجاد عفونت شوند که این عفونت ها می توانند باعث ریزش مو، خارش، قرمزی و بوی بد شوند.
3- کنه(Mage) و سایر انگل ها
Mange اصطلاحی است برای عفونت های پوستی خارش دار ناشی از وجود کنه.
کنه موجوداتی هستند که در سطح پوست یا در سطح فولیکول های مو زندگی می کنند که با جویدن پوست باعث ریزش مو در سگها می شوند.
4- آلرژی
سگها نیز مانند انسان ها می توانند آلرژی داشته باشند و برخی از علایم شایع آن در سگها خارش پوست و ریزش مو است که شامل چند آلرژی است:
- آتوپی Atopy (آلرژی محیطی که شامل: گرد وغبار و گرده گل می باشد.)
- آلرژی به کک
- آلرژی به مواد غذایی
5- مشکل پزشکی (بیماری)
- شرایط هورمونی (مانند کم کاری تیروئید، اختلالات هورمون رشد، کاهش تستوسترون و…)
- بیماری های کبدی، کلیوی، سرطان و…
همه ی این ها می تواند علت ریزش موی غیرقابل توضیح سگ شما باشد.
ریختن بیش از حد مو می تواند ناشی از استرس، تغذیه نامناسب، بارداری یا شیردهی نیز باشد.
اگر فکر می کنید سگ شما بیش از حد معمول ریزش مو دارد یا به صورت سکه ای طاس شده است حتماً به دامپزشکش مراجعه کنید.
سعی کنید مرتب از برس استفاده کنید تا بتوانید اولین نشانه های مشکل را متوجه شوید.The old Central Hall of the Salvation Army is now used as the Salvation Army History Museum. The four columns of the entrance and the roof create a strong impression as an imposing structure. The porch flooring is made of concrete slabs. The corridors and stair railings are made of wood. The offices are on the first floor and worship services spaces are on the second floor. Triangular wooden beams support the ceiling, which displays a unique esthetic quality. Bramwell Booth, the first Chief of Staff of the Salvation Army, paid a visit to Korea in 1926. Then, members of the American Salvation Army raised funds in commemoration of his 70th birthday and spent them on the construction of this building. The work was started in November 1927 and completed in 1928. The building was used as the Salvation Army College for Officer Training until 1989. Part of its spaces came to be used for the Salvation Army Korea Territory and the building was called the Central Hall of the Salvation Army.A Babysitters Guide To Monster Hunting
Bebek Bakıcısının Canavar Avlama Rehberi Netflixte
NETFLIX
2020 10 18
PRÖMİYER
Lise öğrencisi Kelly Ferguson, Cadılar Bayramı'nda bebek bakıcılığı yapmayı gönülsüzce kabul ettiğinde, çocukları canavarlardan özel güçlerle koruyan gizli bir bebek bakıcıları topluluğuna alınır. Hemen sonrasında ise canavarlar tarafından kaçırılan bir çocuğu kurtarmak için bir göreve çıkması gerekecektir.
Yayın Tarihi
NETFLIX
2020 10 15
Perşembe
2020 Amerikan yapımı komedi aile filmi "A Babysitters Guide To Monster Hunting - Bebek Bakıcısının Canavar Avlama Rehberi" 15 Ekim 2020'de tüm dünya ile aynı gün Netflix'te.
Bilgi
Joe Ballarini'nin ünlü roman serisinden televizyona uyarlanan ve Rachel Talalay tarafından yönetilen "A Babysitters Guide To Monster Hunting - Bebek Bakıcısının Canavar Avlama Rehberi" filminde baş rollerde Tom Felton, Oona Laurence, Indya Moore yer alıyor.طرح کارورزی فرصت مناسب برای اشتغالزایی است مدیرکل تعاون، کار و رفاه اجتماعی استان سمنان گفت : طرح کارورزی فرصت مناسب اشتغالزایی برای دانش آموختگان است که باید بیشتر از آن بهره ببرند. به گزارش تعاون آنلاین، اسماعیل غنیان افزود : با توجه به شمار زیاد دانش آموختگان متقاضی کار، این طرح راهکار دولت تدبیر و […]
طرح کارورزی فرصت مناسب برای اشتغالزایی است
مدیرکل تعاون، کار و رفاه اجتماعی استان سمنان گفت : طرح کارورزی فرصت مناسب اشتغالزایی برای دانش آموختگان است که باید بیشتر از آن بهره ببرند.
وی با انتقاد از استقبال کم آنان از طرح کارورزی اظهارداشت : سهم استان از این طرح یکهزار و ۸۹۰ نفر بود که فقط یکهزار و ۳۳۱ واجد شرایط برای طرح ثبت نام کرده اند.
مدیرکل تعاون، کار و رفاه اجتماعی سمنان با اشاره به عقد قراداد ۲۵۹ متقاضی طرح کارورزی در استان، بیان کرد: از این تعداد ۱۰۲ نفر معادل ۱۳.۷ درصد از سهم استان از طرح کارورزی محقق شد.
وی تعداد کارگاه ها و واحدهای تولیدی آماده عقد قرارداد در طرح کارورزی را ۱۸۷ واحد ذکر و اضافه کرد : شهرستان هایی که بیشترین تعداد دانش آموخته در سهم طرح کارورزی در استان را ثبت کردند سمنان با ۳۶، شاهرود با ۳۳ و دامغان با ۱۰ نفر بودند و به نسبت سهم تعیین شده مهدیشهر با ۱۹.۶ درصد، شاهرود با ۱۹.۲ درصد، سرخه با ۱۴.۷ درصد و سمنان با ۱۳.۲ درصد قرار دارند.
غنیان با اشاره به این که در برخی رشته ها مانند مهندسی شیمی و مکانیک در برخی شهرهای متقاضی مرد برای حضور در طرح کارورزی ثبت نام نکرده است ، تاکید کرد : آسیب شناسی و اطلاع رسانی جامع طرح کارورزی در استان سمنان در دست انجام است تا دانش آموختگان با آگاهی بیشتر از مزیت های این طرح، برای کسب شغل پیشقدم شوند.
مدیرکل تعاون، کار و رفاه اجتماعی سمنان به تحقق ۱۸.۱ درصدی اشتغال سال ۹۷ در استان اشاره کرد و
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thing to remember is that patients trust their healthcare providers and staff to protect their privacy and treat their medical records and personal information with the utmost respect and discretion. Whether you are pursuing a career in the healthcare industry or you are already working in the healthcare field, consider enrolling in the course entitled “How to Learn Professionalism in Healthcare (with REAL-WORLD Examples!)” offered by Avidity Medical Design Academy. You might also consider the course entitled, “How to Read Your Own Medical Record (Learn What is in YOUR Medical Files!) ” learn more about HIPAA law from the patient’s perspective, as well as from the perspective of working in the healthcare field. Visit the Avidity Medical Design Academy website to enroll in each of these courses, as well as other courses that might help you become successful in the field of healthcare.Rachel Feinstein working at the Porzellan Manufaktur Nymphenburg, Munich, 2019. Artwork ? Rachel Feinstein, Photo: Samuel Keyte, Courtesy Gucci这个夏天，艺术家瑞秋·费因斯坦(Rachel Feinstein)的一件全新雕塑作品在著名的查茨沃斯庄园(Chatsworth House)揭幕。费因斯坦作为Gucci的合作艺术家，在庄园内通过生活、研究、融入在地社群等进行驻地创作。
? 2016 Guccio Gucci S.p.A. - All rights reserved.
在查茨沃斯庄园里，可以同时一窥英国、欧洲，乃至当代世界风采。历史随处可见，一切皆生动鲜活。
——Gucci创意总监
亚历山德罗·米歇尔(Alessandro Michele)
查茨沃斯庄园位于英格兰北部，是英格兰世袭德文郡公爵(Dukes of Devonshire)的豪宅。庄园始建于1552年，先后经由许多著名园艺师设计与建造。这里是简·奥斯汀笔下《傲慢与偏见》达西庄园的原型，曾多次被选为英国最受欢迎的庄园。
收藏了各流派名家画作的查茨沃斯庄园是英国文化遗产的重要部分，其中珍藏囊括了17世纪意大利和法国画家所绘的巨幅油画、雕塑等。不仅如此，作为德比郡标志的查茨沃斯庄园还是Gucci跨界文化项目古驰圣地(Gucci place)的首个“神秘之所”。
The late-eighteenth-century grotto on the grounds of Chatsworth House, Derbyshire, Photo: Samuel Keyte, Courtesy Gucci
庄园中，一片种植花园里有一个仿佛被施了魔法的石窟。这个石窟被秋天的花朵们包围着，俯瞰着曾经养过鱼的池塘。穿过硕大的巨石和滴落的钟乳石，石窟中隐藏着一尊由瑞秋·费因斯坦创作的女性雕像。
Rachel Feinstein, Britannia, 2019, glazed majolica, installation view, Chatsworth, Derbyshire ? Rachel Feinstein, Photo: Samuel Keyte, Courtesy Gucci她正“得意洋洋”地站着，身上覆盖着令人眼花缭乱的彩色马赛克；在光线阴暗的石窟洞中闪耀着光芒。2018年初，瑞秋·费因斯坦作为Gucci的合作艺术家首次造访查茨沃斯，并在庄园中发现了这个石窟。费因斯坦透过薄雾瞥见了它的入口，仿佛是《呼啸山庄》中希斯克利夫(Heathcliff)和凯西(Cathy)的荒野。后来，费因斯坦在庄园里宽敞的客厅中睡了一觉。她醒来时想，也许是自己在做梦。
Rachel Feinstein, Chuey, 2019 ? Rachel Feinstein, Courtesy Gagosian
童话、神话和魔法森林和沉睡公主的故事是费因斯坦作品的基础，她的创作侧重于对幻想和与幻觉的构建。17世纪90年代末，德文郡第五公爵的夫人(乔治亚娜)建造查茨沃斯石窟的悲惨历史激起了这位艺术家的好奇心。 正如费因斯坦在最近一次谈话中所说，她被乔治安娜的政治激进主义和她与其他女性的调情迷住了。乔治安娜的婚姻引人注目又充满话题，她与自己的公爵丈夫，还有被称为贝丝(Bess)的伊丽莎白·福斯特(其丈夫的续弦)之间有着不合乎常规的三角关系。
乔治亚娜·卡文迪什作为一名母亲，费因斯坦对乔治安娜与第二代格雷伯爵查尔斯·格雷(Charles Grey)有染，以及乔治安娜在流亡法国时生下私生子的报道感到震惊。乔治亚娜非常害怕在分娩中死去，于是用自己的血给留在英国的小儿子写了一封信，以将自己的爱进行宣泄式地表达。后来，乔治亚娜诞下了一名女婴。婴儿出生时没有并发症，于是乔治亚娜被迫把刚出生的女儿交给格雷的家人，这一令人心碎的情境让费因斯坦难以忍受。
Rachel Feinstein on the grounds of Chatsworth House, Photo: Samuel Keyte, Courtesy Gucci
驻地期间，费因斯坦在田园诗般的瑞士农舍里工作，每天晚上在主屋与现任德文郡公爵和公爵夫人共进晚餐。现实存在的优越梦幻生活和身在庄园的孤独状态交织在费因斯坦的生活，除了丈夫约翰·柯林(John Currin)以及他们的孩子，费因斯坦还会想起童话故事中的女主人公，像是躺在城堡里的睡美人，在咒语下沉睡。早在1994年，瑞秋·费因斯坦便具像化了这位公主的个人版本，当时她在纽约一家画廊的姜饼屋里睡觉过夜。“从此以后幸福快乐”(happily ever after)的概念以及隐藏在其中的神秘秘密持续吸引着·费因斯坦，并影响着她的雕塑实践。
Sleeping Beauty, by Henry Meynell Rheam例如，在“睡美人”中，费因斯坦发现并不是所有的事情都像看上去的那样：原来的的故事说的是，一个公主陷入了沉睡的诅咒中，并且怀了王子的孩子。她并不是被真爱之吻唤醒，而是在这之前就被孩子的新生活所叫醒。费因斯坦通过其雕塑完美的、闪闪发光的表面和隐藏的内部之间的二元性(duality)，探索这种隐蔽的立面概念。
William Duesbury & Co., Figure (Britannia), c. 1763, soft-paste porcelain, enameled in colors and gilt, height: 14 inches (35.6 cm), Victoria and Albert Museum, London, given by Major General H. G. D. Scott. Photo: ? Victoria and Albert Museum, London
置身于伦敦维多利亚和阿尔伯特博物馆(Victoria And Albert Museum)，费因斯坦思考着“她在查茨沃斯的时光可能会带来些什么”。陈列室中，她被排列着古玩藏品的橱柜所吸引。在一系列18世纪的雕像中，一个名叫不列颠尼亚(Britannia, 不列颠女神)的小角色引起了费因斯坦的注意。这是罗马人对不列颠尼亚的化身，身着盔甲，戴着头盔和大片散发着生机的布料，站在一个卷轴状的洛可可基地上，旁边是一只警觉的狮子。费因斯坦真人大小的不列颠尼亚的化身与这件瓷制雕像密切相关，从它通红的脸颊、万花筒般的衣服、雕像左手中轻轻握紧的盾牌，以及华丽的底座中获得灵感。
Rachel Feinstein inside the grotto at Chatsworth, 2018, Photo: Samuel Keyte, Courtesy Gucci瑞秋·费因斯坦计划为查茨沃斯设计一座彩色真人大小雕塑的想法，在Gucci摄影师塞缪尔·凯特(Samuel Keyte)在这个石洞中为她拍照的时候得到了具体化。她希望利用这些图像来衡量不列颠尼亚的规模。费因斯坦被照片中连衣裙上的彩虹色调迷住了，她知道她的雕塑必须拥有同样的生命力。对于瑞秋·费因斯坦来说，颜色这个主题充满了奇怪的东西。她解释说，一个充满活力的调色板经常与“俗气”和“庸俗”联系在一起。几个世纪以来，古典希腊和罗马雕像的纯白大理石已经开始有着高级品味的含义，实际上，这些雕塑在被制作的时候是异常丰富多彩的。费因斯坦挑战通过西方艺术史的错误叙事(false narrative)赋予颜色的声誉，用深红色、蓝色、紫色和橙色的“不和谐”覆盖不列颠尼亚。
Rachel Feinstein working at the Porzellan Manufaktur Nymphenburg, Munich, 2019. Artwork ? Rachel Feinstein. Photo: Samuel Keyte, Courtesy Gucci
费因斯坦的“不列颠尼亚”用釉面马约里卡(majolica, 意大利锡釉陶的统称)制作，创作于慕尼黑著名的宁芬堡瓷器制造厂，在那里，这位艺术家参与了几个项目，包括她为2018伦敦弗里兹雕塑展制作的基座，灵感来自十八世纪瑞士雕塑家弗兰茨·安东·博斯泰利(Franz Anton Bustelli)为宁芬堡制作的即兴喜剧(commedia dell’arte)人物。该工厂的重要传统及其在欧洲皇家宫廷编年史中的作用一次又一次地吸引费因斯坦来到巴伐利亚州，每次访问都巩固了她对自己在历史中地位的认识，并满足她对洛可可和巴洛克的迷恋。与查茨沃斯的收藏非常相似，它将德文郡公爵(Dukes Of Devonshire)的血统追溯到16世纪，展示了一系列引人注目的家庭肖像和珍藏，费因斯坦通过与宁芬堡合作，利用马约里卡的历史媒介，向之前的艺术家致谢。
Rachel Feinstein, Britannia, 2019, glazed majolica, installation view, Chatsworth, Derbyshire ? Rachel Feinstein, Photo: Samuel Keyte, Courtesy Gucci
在查茨沃斯庄园的不列颠尼亚(不列颠女神)的化身，是女性力量及美的代表典范。费因斯坦惊讶于不列颠尼亚在宁芬堡瓷器制造厂“复活”时的平静表情——这与她2018年与高古轩在比佛利山庄空间举办的首次展览中所展出的雕塑形成了鲜明的对比。
Rachel Feinstein, Bandleader, 2018, Hand-applied colored resin over foam with wood base, 76?×?40?×?30 inches (193?×?101.6?×?76.2 cm) ? Rachel Feinstein. Photo: Jeff McLane, Courtesy Gagosian那些雕塑的灵感来自于维密(维多利亚的秘密)模特。完全不同于怪诞和性感的“天使”，不列颠尼亚似乎很平静，就像希腊人被称为科尔(Kore)的女性雕塑或崇拜的偶像。然而，正是在为她与高古轩一起举办的维秘表演做准备时，费因斯坦有了创造一个可以放在外面的珐琅材质的、全尺寸女性形象的想法。
Photo: Lili Holzer-Glier
首届Gucci胜地项目延续了费因斯坦和品牌始于2015年的合作关系，当时，Gucci的创意总监亚历山德罗·米歇尔(Alessandro Michele)邀请她参加了上海民生美术馆举办的展览「已然/未然」(No Longer/Not Yet)。这远远不是这位艺术家第一次“误入”时尚界，14岁至20岁时，费因斯坦是为模特，且一直是汤姆·福特(Tom Ford)、马克·雅可布(Marc Jacobs)等设计师的缪斯女神。
Photo: Samuel Keyte, Courtesy Gucci
对于费因斯坦来说，时尚和艺术有着错综复杂的联系。她认为，也许它们是可以与一个由对"屏幕上瘾"和"即时刺激"需求控制的社会产生共鸣的唯一艺术形式。费因斯坦与Gucci创意总监米歇尔同样欣赏时尚和艺术之间的密切关系、对老大师的热情，以及艺术家和设计师都不愿足够回顾过去的恐惧。
Rachel Feinstein, Adam and Eve, 2007. Wood, stain, and hardware. Artwork ? Rachel Feinstein; Photo: Marcus Leith2019年秋天，费因斯坦在纽约犹太博物馆为她首次大型机构展览做准备时，她发现自己会不由自主地回顾自己的职业生涯，以及她在20世纪70年代和80年代在佛罗里达州度过的童年。带着一种怀旧的感觉，费因斯坦想起了当时在迈阿密的奇异幻想——一个缺乏文化体验的地方，南方摇滚和格洛丽亚·埃斯特凡(Gloria Estefan)主宰着无线电波，小孩子会在晚上溜进迪士尼乐园。她认为，在查茨沃斯度过的生活，就像乔治亚娜公爵夫人的生活，可能会有多么不同。
本篇文章编译自高古轩季刊文章《Rachel Feinstein At Chatsworth》，作者爱丽丝·戈德温(Alice Godwin)是居住在伦敦的作家、研究员和编辑。她毕业于牛津大学(University Of Oxford)和考陶尔德艺术学院(Courtauld Institute Of Art)的艺术史专业。
文章的原文已发表在高古轩季刊，可点击篇末“阅读原文”查看。关于高古轩季刊的更多内容请见：https://gagosianquarterly.com
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▼International Vector Graphics (SVG) is a description of an image for application of the Extensible Markup Language (XML). Any course such as a Web browser that realizes XML can display the using the information provided inside SVG format. Different from a new raster graphicsscalable part of the name emphasizes that vector artwork images can easily be made worldwide (whereas an image specified with raster graphics is a fixed-size bitmap). Thus, the SVG format enables the observing of an image on a laptop or computer display of any dimensions and resolution, whether a teeny LCD screen in a cellular telephone or a large CRT present in a workstation. In addition to capability of size reduction and swelling, SVG allows text inside of images to be recognized as these, so that the text can be placed by a search engine and easily converted into other languages.
Vector graphics images also have the opportunity advantage over the standard Online image formats, the GIF and the JPEG, of measurement. Compared with a bitmap impression, an SVG image could possibly be much smaller and arrive more rapidly.
GIF and JPG photographs (and a newer format, often the PNG) are expected to continue to help predominate. While the bitmaps these image formats can be resized, dimensional reduction does not specifically save memory, storage, as well as bandwidth, and significant increasing produces irregular edges ("the jaggies"). It is expected, nevertheless , that bitmaps are, all of which will likely continue to be, favored to get digital transmission of pics, especially scenes containing elaborate objects not readily translatable into the formulas used by vector graphics programs.This week, the Supreme Court of the United States heard oral argument in the case of Brumfield v. Cain, a death penalty case coming out of Louisiana and filed by Death Row inmate Kevan Brumfield.
The crux of the case is how someone is determined to be mentally disabled and therefore, not subject to capital punishment and the death penalty under the federal constitution.
Of course, this isn’t the first time that the High Court has considered this issue; it’s a complex legal question that the Supreme Court has considered in earlier, landmark cases like Atkins v. Virginia, where it found that convicted individuals who are “mentally retarded” cannot be executed because this would violate the Eighth Amendment’s bar against cruel and unusual punishment.
In Brumfield, the question isn’t whether or not someone with severe mental disability can be executed — it’s whether or not the means that the State of Louisiana has in place to determine whether or not the person is mentally disabled, and therefore protected by this Eighth Amendment bar, past constitutional muster.
Brumfield Questions Presented
(1) Whether a state court that considers the evidence presented at a petitioner’s penalty phase proceeding as determinative of the petitioner’s claim of mental retardation under Atkins v. Virginia has based its decision on an unreasonable determination of facts under 28 U.S.C. § 2254(d)(2); and
(2) whether a state court that denies funding to an indigent petitioner who has no other means of obtaining evidence of his mental retardation has denied petitioner his “opportunity to be heard,” contrary to Atkins and Ford v. Wainwright and his constitutional right to be provided with the “basic tools” for an adequate defense, contrary to Ake v. Oklahoma.If you notice a group of small dots on your skin, they could be either bedbug bites or flea bites. It can be difficult to tell the difference between them. Flea bites are usually found on the lower half of your body or in warm, moist areas like the bends of elbows and knees. Bedbug bites are often on the upper half of your body, around the face, neck, and arms.
Keep reading to learn about the symptoms, risk factors, and treatments of each type of bite.
Fleas are tiny, blood-sucking insects. Five percent of the flea population lives on pets, which is generally how humans get flea bites. Fleas can’t fly, but they can jump up to 18 centimeters. As soon as they latch on to a host, they begin biting.
Common symptoms of flea bites include small red marks on your skin and intense itching. The bites are sometimes grouped together in threes.
Flea bites generally occur on or near the:
- feet and lower legs
- elbows and knees (in the bend)
- other skin folds
If you’re allergic to fleas, you may develop hives or a rash. The affected area may also swell and blister. If a blister appears and breaks, it may lead to an infection. If you scratch the affected area and break open the skin, you may also get a secondary infection from the bites.
Fleas can infest your skin. For
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compatible with float. float+Decimal raises a TypeError for example. The os.stat_float_times() case is different because an int can be coerced to float and int+float gives float.
Instead of hard coding how timestamps are created, a new protocol can be added to create a timestamp from a fraction.
For example, time.time(timestamp=type) would call the class method type.__fromfraction__(numerator, denominator) to create a timestamp object of the specified type. If the type doesn't support the protocol, a fallback is used: type(numerator) / type(denominator).
A variant is to use a "converter" callback to create a timestamp. Example creating a float timestamp:
def timestamp_to_float(numerator, denominator): return float(numerator) / float(denominator)
Common converters can be provided by time, datetime and other modules, or maybe a specific "hires" module. Users can define their own converters.
Such protocol has a limitation: the timestamp structure has to be decided once and cannot be changed later. For example, adding a timezone or the absolute start of the timestamp would break the API.
The protocol proposition was as being excessive given the requirements, but that the specific syntax proposed (time.time(timestamp=type)) allows this to be introduced later if compelling use cases are discovered.
Other formats may be used instead of a fraction: see the tuple of integers section for example.
To get the creation, modification and access time of a file with a nanosecond resolution, three fields can be added to os.stat() structure.
The new fields can be timestamps with nanosecond resolution (e.g. Decimal) or the nanosecond part of each timestamp (int).
If the new fields are timestamps with nanosecond resolution, populating the extra fields would be time consuming. Any call to os.stat() would be slower, even if os.stat() is only called to check if a file exists. A parameter can be added to os.stat() to make these fields optional, the structure would have a variable number of fields.
If the new fields only contain the fractional part (nanoseconds), os.stat() would be efficient. These fields would always be present and so set to zero if the operating system does not support sub-second resolution. Splitting a timestamp in two parts, seconds and nanoseconds, is similar to the timespec type and tuple of integers, and so have the same drawbacks.
Adding new fields to the os.stat() structure does not solve the nanosecond issue in other modules (e.g. the time module).
Because we only need one new type (Decimal), a simple boolean flag can be added. Example: time.time(decimal=True) or time.time(hires=True).
Such flag would require to do a hidden import which is considered as a bad practice.
The boolean argument API was rejected because it is not "pythonic". Changing the return type with a parameter value is preferred over a boolean parameter (a flag).
Add new functions for each type, examples:
Adding a new function for each function creating timestamps duplicate a lot of code and would be a pain to maintain.
Add a new module called "hires" with the same API than the time module, except that it would return timestamp with high resolution, e.g. decimal.Decimal. Adding a new module avoids to link low-level modules like time or os to the decimal module.
This idea was rejected because it requires to duplicate most of the code of the time module, would be a pain to maintain, and timestamps are used modules other than the time module. Examples: signal.sigtimedwait(), select.select(), resource.getrusage(), os.stat(), etc. Duplicate the code of each module is not acceptable.
This document has been placed in the public domain.Plastik sanatlar nelerdir, hangi sanatlar plastik sanatların içine girer? Plastik sanatların özellikleri, kavramlar ve örnekleri, hakkında bilgi.
Plastik sanatlar, heykel veya seramik gibi kalıplama veya modelleme yoluyla plastik bir ortamın fiziksel manipülasyonunu içeren sanat formlarıdır. Daha az sıklıkla bu terim, edebiyat ve müziğin aksine tüm görsel sanatlar (resim, heykel, film ve fotoğraf gibi) için geniş bir şekilde kullanılabilir. Plastik sanatlarda kullanılacak malzemeler, daha dar bir tanımla, taş veya ahşap, beton, cam veya metal gibi oyulabilen veya şekillendirilebilen malzemeleri içerir.
“Plastik” terimi, icat edildiklerinden beri belirli sentetik organik reçineleri ifade etmek için kullanılmıştır, ancak “plastik sanatlar” terimi onlardan çok önce gelmiştir. Terim, Piet Mondrian’ın “Neoplastizm” kavramıyla da karıştırılmamalıdır.
Hantmann’a göre Sanat
Hartmann’a göre sanat dalları dörde ayrılır;
- Grafik
- Yazı sanatı
- Resim
- Heykel
Hartmann, resmi plastik sanatlardan ayrı tutmuştur. Bunun nedeni, resmin iki boyutlu olmasıdır. Plastik sanatlar ise üç boyutludur. Bir sanatı plastik olarak kabul edebilmek için onun her cephesinden seyredilebilir olması gerekir. Sanat nesnesi olarak kabul edilen objenin sağından, solundan, önünden, arkasından, üstünden, altından bakılabilmeli. Bu açıdan baktığımızda resim, fotoğraf, grafik, hat, minyatür, tezhip gibi sanatlar plastik sanatlar içerisine girmez.
Plastik sanatlar ve görsel sanatlar kavramları
20. yüzyılda gelişen sanat akımlarından plastik sanatlar kavramı değişmeye başlamıştır. Hazır yapıt (bulunmuş sanat) gibi yeni sanatsal öneriler, bir sanat eseri elde etmek için şu ya da bu malzemeyi değiştirmenin gerekli olup olmadığını sorgulamamıza neden oldu. 20. yüzyılın ortalarında plastik sanatlar ve tüm yeni medyayı kapsayan görsel sanatlar terimi kullanılmaya başlandı.
Plastik sanatlarda kavramlar
Plastik sanatçı, kendini profesyonel olarak bu tür sanatların gelişimine adamış kişidir. Bazı durumlarda sanatçı aynı anda birkaç sanatsal disiplini kullanır. Bunun nedeni, sanatçının bilgisini farklı malzemeler, medya, teknikler ve amaçlarla eserlerini yapmak için kullanmasıdır.
Geleneksel olarak sanat okulları, öğrencilere yaratıcı potansiyellerini geliştirmek için çeşitli sanat disiplinleriyle çalışma ve yaratıcılığını artırma olanağı sunar. Bu mümkündür çünkü plastik sanatlar, tasarım unsurları, renk teorileri ve psikolojisi gibi tüm sanat disiplinlerinde ortak olan ilke ve kavramlara dayanmaktadır.The concept of sustainable development is globally endorsed and I would say it has some unquestionable type of “cult following”. Positioned in conversations as the way to “save the world” from the looming destruction, reduce poverty, grow the economy; you find it everywhere in discourses, policies, political manifestos, scholarship applications, NGO agendas, funding terms, corporate yearly reports, school curriculum and it always reminds us of the SDGs. An environmental activist dealing with the impact of the oil spill in Nigeria’s Niger Delta region told me once he was critical of the concept and the SDGs, I never understood then. Some may have read and understood the critique of the concept often used interchangeably with the concept of sustainability (more on the long-term basis). To put it simply, Sustainable development is a man-made concept that is focused on “development” A.K.A… Economic growth(GDP-ish) as the vehicle to achieve sustainability and particularly the SDGs are the steps (with indicators as metrics) to achieve the long-term goal of sustainability. Maybe, we can save the world!
The thing about “Sustainable Development” is that many of us do not look beyond the surface value of the definition. It is easy to be hyped up about it in trying to help humanity that we may have missed the critical understanding of the concept, hence, all our approaches to solving what we have defined as problems (never mind who or what is left our left in achieving problem definition) are essentially flawed from the foundation. But in case, you have never thought deeply about how the concept of sustainable development is flawed, this article i hope can help and this is a reminder for those who already know.
An important point is that some progress has been made from countless United Nations conferences, deliberations on human progress, particularly the 1992 United Nations Conference on Economic and Development (UNCED), popularly called “The Earth Summit” at Rio de Janeiro where commendable deliberations, agreements and treaties like Convention on Biodiversity (CBD), Rio Declaration on Environment and Development Agenda 21 and Commission of Sustainable Development was created. Despite the pains from conference fatigue of numerous conferences attended in the past and those to come in the future, the effort for including non-governmental actors, interest groups like indigenous, women, and child rights groups as well as corporate bodies has gained traction.
Sustainable Development and Flawed Elements
The widely accepted definition of sustainable development comes from the 1987 Brundtland report known as Our Common Future defined as:
“Sustainable development is a development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.“ (i know you are probably tired of seeing this definition). The popular Venn diagram that shows the nexus and interactions of the 3 Ps; Planet, People, Profit, the 3 pillars of sustainable development (Purvis, et al., 2019), social, economy and environment interactions at different levels. Essential human Needs and Limits of technology (along with human capacity) were the 2 main considerations of the Brundtland report.
Three pillars of sustainability (Tedeschi, et al., 2015)
However, Sustainable Development has become an “over-worked” buzzword with a meaning that remains rather elusive. As an ambiguous concept open to diverse interpretations which insufficiently capture the whole picture, shifting from logic to semantics. (Mebratu,1998; Du Pisani, 2006; Meadowcroft, 2017). It is actively used as other normative ideas like freedom, democracy, feminism in international discourses, research, policy deliberations within different ontological and epistemological frames. The vagueness associated with the concept means everyone could mistake it as doing some good to save the earth by interpreting the concept within their political and social construct. How people define it and interpret it reflects on how they approach sustainable development problems and solutions. The ambiguous nature also translates to lacking specificity, not defining who should do what and responsibilities are shifted to others. Not much can be achieved in such situations.
One positive this about the Brundtland Report is that it attempted to “reconcile economic growth with environmental protection and not view them as tradeoffs since one is not possible without the other” (Axelrod et al, 2011). This report considered the division between the Global North (forgoing some comfort) and South (readjusting aspirations). It hoped to open up discussions on finding a middle ground of compromise since both the rich and poor countries had to change consumption patterns eventually regardless of the dispute. This allowed for the possibility of bringing more people to the table of key negotiations (leave no one behind) especially the global south to clear any doubt of it being another colonization agenda Whether this has been successful, remains a heated debate because there will always be someone who will be left out and there will be winners and losers.
The Brundtland report was focused on development being the end goal. Screams “Anthropocentric” but i would argue that as long as human elements are involved there will be an anthropocentric undertone (same goes for Circular/ Green Economy). So, maybe Anthropocentric as a term is not exactly evil in every context. Development within the frame of the Brundtland definition means improving human social conditions, health, education, economy, prosperity within environmental limits (balance between demand and the environment). Balance refers to intergenerational equity translates to the state of equilibrium between human contentment and appropriate environmental limits (Hueting & Reijnders, 1998). This has reduced the meaning of being focused on meeting human needs ahead of environmental limits and intergenerational equity. (Meadowcroft, 2017).
Prioritizing human basic needs becomes the only path to achieving progress and a path for preserving the environment. Being focused on human needs translates to growing the economy and pursuing high GDP, the trickle-down economics language. Then, we would count all the things in the economy with value by building capital. Remember that, capital in economics is a stock of goods with the ability (use, value or function) to produce further goods. This definition implies that environmental capital is the possible function and uses of environmental resources (renewable and nonrenewable). Environmental capital also includes negative values such as pollution, contamination, and desertification. (Hueting & Reijnders, 1998; El Serafy, 1991). The Brundtland definition implies that “societal development trajectories” are tied to what economic value means in economics, the root of many theories on growth, only what is termed valuable, measurable counts (Meadowcroft,2017). People will pay only what gives them value but can a price be put on the ability of environmental resources? Should environmental capital be seen as an equivalent of economic capital in measurement?
The focus on the limits of technology and human capacity meant that more should be done in these areas to solve environmental problems in the face of dwindling resources. If only we had the right technology with sufficient human capacity, then we can have things like substitutes for diminishing non-renewable resources and better manage renewable resources. Well, the critics of the green economy, decoupling and the concept of net zero
will have you thinking twice about your stand. At the other end of the spectrum is the place of those with power and resources to constantly push the narrative and accord the “beloved” concept the global presence it enjoys. We find ourselves embracing concepts/buzz words like this and using them without questioning how it fits within our lived experiences. But who is really asking? is it important?
The Sustainable Development Goals
The 17 interlinked Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) were globally endorsed in 2015 by the United Nations General Assembly and designed to be a “blueprint to achieve a better and more sustainable future for all”. 17 goals 169 targets, 232 indicators. Developed after the end the Millennium Development Goals which ended in 2015. Since we at least know (even though not all will agree) that the most used definition of sustainable development is already flawed, then we can do more to manage targets and indicators better. As a fan of the SDGs, understanding the limitations of the concept keeps me enlightened and helps me to avoid the urge of jumping on project bandwagons because “sustainable development” is mentioned as the goal of the project. It helps me to approach collaborations beyond my disciplines to accommodate others. It is a deliberate and constant learning experience for me. Reflecting on the flaws of the concept also enables me to pay attention to how problems are defined, who is left out (at the very least, since we cannot carry everyone along 100 percent), and how solutions are designed.饮食实习项目
达拉斯的德克萨斯健康长老会医院提供了一个为期九个月的饮食实习, 以医学营养疗法为主. 自1972年成立以来, 德州健康达拉斯残障保险项目为成功的营养师毕业生建立了良好的声誉.
行政实习
在夏天的几个月里, 德州卫生资源公司为有意从事卫生保健管理或卫生保健提供者职业的本科生和研究生提供机会，参加bet9娱乐备用地址系统内的实习项目. 该课程为学生提供了一个熟悉管理和/或临床功能的机会，并参与实体医院或系统层面的卫生保健组织的日常活动.
普通外科住院医师
bet9娱乐备用地址的项目将通过整合各种手术经验，提供广泛的外科教育, 结构化说教的课程, 并由熟练的教师指导. 临床经验大大增加住院医师的医学知识, 诊断能力, 和手术信心. 这些经验包括与年龄相关的普通外科住院医师培训, 性别, 和社会经济地位. 临床责任水平和手术经验逐渐增加，每年的培训，使住院bet9娱乐备用地址发展他们的技术技能, 临床判断, 和人际交往能力.
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德州健康提供内科住院医师培训计划，旨在为bet9娱乐备用地址提供职业生涯成功所需的培训和经验. 在北德州照顾的病人比其他任何bet9娱乐备用地址都多, 德州健康中心是一个你可以在为你的未来做准备的时候看到这一切的地方. bet9娱乐备用地址的研究生医学教育项目结合了学术的严谨与实践和支持，为bet9娱乐备用地址的居民创造全面发展的教育机会, 然后谁将使用他们的技能和能力来改善他们的社区.
药房实习
德州卫生系统有三个药学项目:
- 的 PGY1药学实习 在达拉斯有一个为期12个月的项目，旨在培养住院和门诊病人的一般护理技能, 药学实践管理. 药房的居民在达拉斯的长老会医院工作，并附属于德州药学院.
- 的 PGY2重症监护住院医师 在达拉斯是一个12个月的计划，旨在培养全面的临床bet9娱乐备用地址在危重症护理药物治疗. bet9娱乐备用地址将提供一个实习职位.
- 的 PGY-1药房实习 在Fort Worth的项目建立在药剂学博士(Pharm.D.)的教育和结果，以协助发展临床药师，负责照顾各种疾病的病人, 有资格获得委员会认证, 并有资格接受PGY-2级药房住院医师培训. 德克萨斯健康哈里斯卫理公会医院是德克萨斯健康资源(THR)的两家旗舰医院之一。, 最大的宗教信仰之一, 完全集成, 德克萨斯州的非营利性医疗保健系统.News release from City of Fort Wayne Animal Care & Control:
Hot weather reminders for pet owners
(May 23, 2018) – With temperatures on the rise, Fort Wayne Animal Care & Control wants to remind pet owners to pay extra attention to provisions for their animals. Animals cannot regulate their body temperature like humans and the warm weather can cause them to become ill very quickly. In some cases exposure to high temperatures, high humidity and inadequate ventilation can cause death.
- Do not leave any animal in a parked car, even with the windows open! Already this month, Animal Control Officers have responded to more than 28 calls of animals left in cars.
- When possible, bring pets into an air-conditioned area of your home; fans are helpful where air-conditioning is unavailable.
- For animals outside, provide a shady, sheltered place to rest and quantities of fresh water in containers that cannot be tipped and spilled.
- Be aware of the sun movement through
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بود. یقه بازم، دست زبرم، موی آشفته ام، لباده ام، قبایم، گیوه ام. حالا چه طور شد که یک دفعه همه چیزم اخ شد؟ من همان نبودم که:
« حال دل با تو گفتنم هوس است؟ »
ادای مرا در می آورد. صدای خنده هرزه مادرش از اتاق دیگر بلند شد. سر کیف می خندید. گفتم:
- رحیم، رحیم، می فهمی چه می گویی؟ بس کن!
باز فریاد زد:
- حالا چپ می روم، راست می آیم دستور می دهی. رحیم جان این را بمال به دستتت چرب بشود. نرم بشود. رحیم جان دکمه یقه ات را ببند، سینه ات پیداست، خوب نیست. رحیم جان زلفت را شانه کن زیر کلاه بماند. موهایت را کوتاه کن. توی قاب غذا بخور. پاشنه ارسی هایت را ور بکش. دکمه کتت را ببند. این کار را بکن. آن کار را نکن. فقط مانده یک دست هم بزکم کنی.
روزی ده دفعه به گوشه و کنایه می پرسی نظام نمی روی؟ پس کی می روی؟ پس چه طور شد؟ مگر روزی که من تو را دیدم نظامی بودم. کی به تو گفتم توی نظام می روم؟
با خشم گفتم:
- نگفتی؟ پشت دیوار باغ نگفتی؟
- خوب، تو پشت دیوار باغ خر مرا گرفته بودی که می روی توی نظام یا نه؟ من هم برای دلخوشی تو یک غلطی کردم و بدهکار شدم ....
با غضب فریاد زدم:
- روزی که خانم دست بند و گوشواره سر عقد مرا از دست و گوشم در آوردند نگفتی می روم نظام؟ نگفتی بهترش را برایت می خرم؟
مادرشوهرم از آن اتاق فریاد زد:
- د ، پس بگو خانم دلشان هوای طلا و جواهر کرده. پای مرا چرا به میان می کشید؟ دیواری از دیوار من کوتاه تر پیدا نکردی؟ چشمت به این یک جفت گوشواره ....
رحیم حرف او را قطع کرد:
- حالا سرکوفتم می زنی؟ باید از دیوار مردم بالا برای تو طلا بخرم؟ مگر توی نظام النگو و گوشواره طلا خیرات می کنند؟ خسته ام کردی، ذله شدم. من دستم را چرب نمی کنم. پسر عمو جانت باید دستش را چرب کند. من که نان زحمت نکشیده نمی خورم که دستم را چرب کنم! چرب هم بکنم فردا باز همین آش است و همین کاسه. ببین محبوبه، حرف آخرم را بزنم. من نظام برو نیستم. خانه خاله که نیست؟ درس خواندن دارد. دود چراغ خوردن دارد. خرج دارد ....(July 25 2011)
This computer program uses expressions and parameters determined from an experimental study of frequency shifts inside a metal cage.
The program takes the text file INPUT.BC as input. Note that the input is ordinary FORTRAN format so the data must be placed exactly in the correct columns on each line.
The first line is the frequency of operation in MHz. The frequency must be given with a decimal point. The remaining lines contain data for a boom plus element combination in the following format: The decimal points must not be left out.
Download BC.EXE (zipped, with source code, 25904 bytes) and study how the boom correction varies with the input data. Then change the INPUT.BC file to produce the boom corrections for your next yagi project.
The source code contains everything to compile with mingw32.
Download mingw516nasmplus.zip (24347473 bytes) and unpack it in the root directory C:\ to create C:\mingw32 which contains everything needed to create a new bc.exe from source code.
All the source code files of mingw, libusb-win32, libftdi-win32 and libsoft66 are available here: wincompile_nasmplus.htmAlaka toplamak
Çevresinde ilgiyi, dikkati ve merakı üzerine toplamak, alaka çekmek, ilgi toplamak veya alaka uyandırmak.
deyiminin anlamı, açıklaması ve örnek cümleleri:
"Çocuklarda alaka toplamak için palyaço kıyafeti giydi."
"Gömleğindeki leke alaka toplamasın diye eliyle kapatıyordu."
"Hazırladıkları sergi çok alaka topladı."
"Çocuklara alaka toplayıcı bir masal anlat."
Açıklama ve örnek cümlelerle 20683 deyimi sitemizde bulabilirsiniz.
Benzer Türkçe Deyimler:
Donup kalmak deyimi
Kızarıp bozarmak deyimi
İtibar kazanmak deyimi
Gelin havası deyimi
Tilki uykusuna yatmak deyimi
Yüreği soğumak deyimi
Jilet atmak deyimi
Façası ortaya çıkmak deyimi
Telleyip pullamak deyimi
Çan çan etmek deyimi
Sonuç çıkarmak deyimi
Yüzünü güldürmek deyimi
DEYİMLER SÖZLÜĞÜ ANA SAYFA
ATASÖZLERİ SÖZLÜĞÜ ANA SAYFAELEMENTARY PROGRAM HIGHLIGHTS:
K4-3rd are introduced to math competencies with Bob Jones curriculum to build a solid foundation. Then, 4th & 5th-grade students move into the number one math choice for middle school preparation using Saxon Math.
The elementary students will study Spelling, Handwriting, Reading, and Language using the BJU Press curriculum.
Bible, History, and Science
CCA creates learning communities within the Bible, Science, and History subjects by working on the same topic of study explicitly tailored to their grade level. CCA makes this process fun by incorporating hands-on projects to build a love for the subject matter and interactive outdoor activities.
Art, Music, and Drama Classes
Overall by the end of 5th grade, students will have:
Explored the Bible
Experienced America's story from the ancient Americas to Modern times through Master Books
Sown a love for science while affirming the truth of creation with God's design for science
Enjoyed outdoor classroom days by learning how to grow your own foodThere seems to be a problem with your soundcard. Please make sure that your computer's speakers and microphone are working and try again.
138
Applied
به نظر میرسد کارت صوتی شما مشکلی دارد. لطفاً از صحت عملکرد بلندگوها و میکروفن خود اطمینان حاصل کرده و دوباره تلاش کنید.
120/138
Applied
به نظر میرسد که در کارت صدای شما مشکلی وجود دارد. لطفا بلندگوها و میکروفن کامپیوترخود را بررسی کنید و مجددا تماس بگیرید.
121/138
Add Translation"About 9 out of 10 cars use HERE's maps. One trend is that maps are everywhere, another is that now they are being integrated with increasingly smaller devices. In the same way that we take for granted that we can locate our car in a car park or use Volvo's In-car Delivery service to deliver goods to our car wherever it's parked, location services are becoming an integral part of other, increasingly smaller devices. We're also seeing a very interesting trend in the automotive industry, which is for the car to increasingly take over the map reading role. It's almost the case in some modern cars that the map for the driver is not quite as important as the map for the car."
Today, auto manufacturers use so-called ADAS (advanced driver assistance systems) maps to control the advanced driver assistance systems. They provide a reliable model of the terrain with altitudes and bends and with these as a basis you can set the car's systems to provide quite a comfortable ride. But there are very many other things in the car's surroundings that also need to be incorporated in the map.
"There's a big difference between a 90-degree bend on the plains of southern Sweden and the same bend along a mountain road in Croatia – you'd rather skid into a field in Sweden than a ravine in Croatia. However, that it feels much safer to drive a little faster on the plains of Sweden is not something that gets included in this standard bend mapping. Instead we have to add something else: what would a human do? We need to learn to integrate this data and provide our vehicles with the right attributes so that the very smart digital map with a myriad of profiles can together with the car's sensors create a pleasant driving experience."
A self-driving car can control itself well and keep to the road with the help of its maps and sensors. It knows there's a 70 km/h speed limit, whether the centre line is broken or solid, how wide the road is and so on. But it's also important that the car has an overall strategic plan for the journey. This is something that HERE is working on with its latest mapping technology, machine-to-machine maps, where the map helps the sensors put the car in context in real time.
"Say that you're driving north on the E6 and want to exit at Kallebäck. If you have a self-driving car and program it to always seek out openings in the traffic, maybe it will make its way over to the left lane. But if there's heavy traffic heading for the Kallebäck exit your car should instead start to move into the right lane before it's too late without disrupting other traffic. This is something that driverless cars must be able to manage themselves and that's when real-time information about traffic jams, rain, ice, roadworks, accidents and so on is an extremely important data layer. If the information indicates a difficult situation, the car can return control to the driver. Eventually, these systems will be so good that they'll assess everything, based on the maps and with the aid of their own sensors."
HERE Technologies has had hundreds of cars on the roads essentially all over the world and has mapped the physical reality with laser radar, such as the basic structures of uphill gradients, downhill gradients and bends.
"What we're doing now is to document the roads so that we have accurate lane descriptions with hard shoulders, solid centre lines, widths and so on that we can include in the maps. What's more, we add objects that can be used to get a fix on the car's position, you could call it a reference system with an unbelievable number of triangulation points – road signs, utility poles, electrical enclosures, overpasses. By continually verifying these objects, the car can adjust its position on the fly. It's very similar to traditional marine navigation…"
Another trend that HERE Technologies has a great deal of faith in is big data. In HERE's case, this means gathering the sensor data from the vehicles.
"We've already linked our owners' infrastructures and this amount of information can be used for so much – different types of weather values, road surface friction values, parking services. With the aid of the sensor data, we're starting to amass a great deal of information that will help us build a better map. Things are moving very quickly now, just how fast depends on which companies join us and which sensor data they choose to share with us. However, there are a lot of legal and privacy issues to deal with, so it will take time, even though technically speaking it's not difficult."
What is required to manage the legal aspects?
"I've always thought that the simplest solution is for major companies to try to be open to the future. Auto manufacturers ought to have told their users ten years ago that you and everyone else who buys this car will be able to be tracked by our technical systems – and you approve this, otherwise you can't make full use of the car. Something like that. Then we would've been done with it. Then there are many other legal issues that are extremely complex, such as who is responsible if a driverless car hits one of my children. We also need a solution to this and I don't feel that we have one. When it comes to the technology, the difficulty is in standardisation. For instance, it's extremely important that we develop a global standard for sensor data."
How does the smart city fit into your business?
"Even though historically we've worked very closely with the automotive industry, we have a unique position thanks to our high-resolution maps and all the thousands of geotechnical devices continually providing new map data. Naturally, the maps can be used in very many other areas – where smaller objects are located, transport and logistics management, trade and much more. One current trend is to link your car's infotainment system to your Outlook mail and calendar. You're sitting in your car somewhere and you're starting to run low on fuel. You usually refuel at the station there and the car suggests that you do so now and hold your next meeting over the phone with the following Skype details and you really just select OK, OK, OK with the steering wheel. You're guided to the filling station, the call is connected and you have your meeting. Or your car sees that your meeting at a particular location starts in 10 minutes but you're half an hour away, so the car asks if you want to send an email to the meeting organiser to tell them that you're running late. Integrating all this stuff with the car to make it smart is going to be big business. Then we have the car sharing trend and the more you tie all these things together, the smarter our cities will become. It's not science fiction as these things are already pretty smart today – and we can make them smarter."
What do you think of the Gothenburg region's automotive cluster?
"In terms of knowledge, we're incredibly advanced, not least in terms of expertise per capita. At the same time, I think – without sticking my neck out too much – that sometimes we're overconfident. When you see fully automated transportation in Singapore or self-driving cars in Lyon or Paris, which are actually up and running right now, then it doesn't feel like we're light years ahead of everyone else – we should adopt a more humble approach and incorporate more benchmarking. If we as an industry fail to challenge ourselves enough, there's a pretty big risk that we'll see an accelerating rate in the establishment of new Ubers and Teslas – the real game changers – elsewhere, and then entire structures could collapse. This is why it's extremely important that we have organisations like Telematics Valley in Lindholmen where we regularly invite other people and dare to share information across corporate borders and reveal what we're doing. This is something that I feel we're very good at in Gothenburg."دلایل ایجاد صف های خرید سهام و اقبال خریداران به بورس طی روزهای اخیر نسبت به اغلب شرکت های بورسی مربوط به چهار عامل اساسی بوده که طی روز گذشته منجر به صعود قابل توجه قیمت ها و شاخص ها شده است.
مدیر سرمایه گذاری بیمه اتکای ایرانیان در گفتگو با خبرنگار بورس نیوز ضمن بیان مطالب فوق اظهار داشت: رونق بازار سهام طی چند روز اخیر تحت تأثیر عواملی از جمله کاهش نرخ سپرده قانونی بانک ها نزد بانک مرکزی جمهوری اسلامی ایران از 13 به 10 درصد، کاهش نرخ سود سپرده گذاری های موجود در بانک ها، خوش بینی از نتایج مذاکرات طی 3 آذر ماه سال جاری و همچنین اجازه بانک مرکزی به شرکت های صادراتی مبنی بر امکان عرضه ارز حاصل از فروش محصولات خود با نرخ ارز آزاد در بانک ها بوده است.
جاویدی افزایش تقاضای روز گذشته سهام شرکت های بورسی را هیجانی عنوان کرد و گفت: روز گذشته ایجاد صف های خرید سهام شرکت های بورسی نشان از آغاز روندی مثبت در بازار سهام همراه با شیبی صعودی داشته و در مجموع بازار سهام، از پتانسیل بازگشت به روزهای اوج خود برخوردار است.
وی در خصوص رتبه بندی صنایع پرپتانسیل بازار سهام با توجه به شرایط کنونی گفت: در چند ماه اخیر سهام اکثر بانک ها در حالت سکون و اغلب در مدار منفی قرار گرفته بودند و با توجه به کاهش نرخ سپرده گذاری های موجود در بانک ها، این امکان برای رشد قیمت سهام شرکت های بانکی مهیا شده است.
جاویدی در ادامه رشد قیمت سهام شرکت های پتروشیمی را منوط به اعلام نرخ خوراک گازی آن دسته از شرکت هایی که از گاز به عنوان ماده اولیه خود استفاده می نمایند، عنوان کرد و گفت: سهام شرکت های خودرویی نیز تا حدودی به سقف قیمتی خود رسیده اند و با توجه به اعلام وضعیت بنیادی خود می توان روندی متعادل را برای این گروه پیش بینی کرد.
مدیر سرمایه گذاری بیمه اتکای ایرانیان با اشاره به کاهش قیمت جهانی مواد اولیه مجتمع های پتروشیمی و همچنین افزایش نرخ دلار افزود: کاهش قیمت های جهانی مواد اولیه شرکت های پتروشیمی منجر به ایجاد حاشیه سود مناسب تری برای آنها می گردد؛ ولی در کاهش نرخ فروش صادراتی محصولات تولیدی مجتمع های پتروشیمی تأثیرگذار است باشد و بایستی در خرید سهام برخی از شرکت های پتروشیمی دقت لازم لحاظ گردد.
قصد شروع سرمایهگذاری در بورس را دارید؟ اولین قدم این است که افتتاح حساب رایگان را در یکی از کارگزاریها انجام دهید:
|نام شرکت||ویژگیها||امتیاز||لینک ثبتنام|
|کارگزاری آگاه|
برای سرمایهگذاری و معامله موفق، نیاز به آموزش دارید. خدمات آموزشی زیر از طریق کارگزاری آگاه ارائه میشود:Track Molecular Fingerprints with Spectroscopy
When nanotechnology researchers build a new nanomaterial, they want to verify its structure. Microscopes such as SEMs and AFMs can give them visual information about the structure of the new material, but other techniques can easily provide additional information, such as what types of atoms are bonded to each other in the material and how many electrons are shared among these atoms.
It turns out that molecules, and portions of molecules (the pairs of atoms that bond together to form molecules), have fingerprints, just as people do. However, their fingerprints consist not of little swirls in the skin but of the wavelength of the light that atoms and molecules absorb.
The wavelengths of light absorbed by various atoms and molecules produce a spectrum. Generating a spectrum to determine the structure of molecules is called spectroscopy.
For example, the simplified spectrum labeled A shows that carbon nanotubes absorb infrared light at a wavelength of 6452 nm and 8403 nm. The spectrum labeled B has all the absorption points shown in spectrum A, plus a peak at 5838 nm, which indicates the bonding of oxygen to some of the carbon atoms in the nanotube.
Therefore, if researchers take an infrared spectrum of an unknown material and see the peaks shown in spectrum B, they know that the material consists of carbon nanotubes
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ya karşı büyük ölçüde kötü performans sergileyen Hojbjerg dışında, elindeki tüm üst düzey savunma oyuncularıyla oynuyor. Daha derin oynayabilirler ama ceza sahasını savunacak oyuncuları yok. Spurs’un sezona hafif bir kadrosu vardı ve bu kadro acımasızca açığa çıktı ancak daha yavaş kaybetmek için oynamak çözüm değil.”
46 dakika: Tekrar yola koyulduk ve neredeyse anında Vicario başını belaya soktu, top Haaland’a gitti ve ardından Silva tarafından ezilerek kurtarıldı.
Chappell tartışması devam ediyor. Jeremy Boyce: “Re Ian Rubinstein’ın yorumu: aslında kriket kurallarında, teniste koltuk altı servis atışı gibi, koltuk altı bowlingine de izin veriliyor. Bir çeşit ters sembololojiyle, mali doğruluğun temel direklerinden biri olan Man C veya Tottenham’ın yakın geçmişlerinde muhtemelen gizli anlaşmalar olabileceğini mi öne sürmeye çalışıyor?”
Leon Wylie önemli bir düzeltmeyle: “Sonsuz utancımızın nedeni Ian değil, Greg’ti Chappell. Yeni Zelanda’dan tanıştığım herkesten hâlâ utanıyorum ve hâlâ özür diliyorum.”
Trevor da değil.
Ange’nin takımı söz verdiği şeyi yaptı, City hepimizin korktuğu şeyi yaptı ve 2-1 geride olmak Tottenham için bir rahatlama sayılmalı. Geri dönüş yolu var mı? Olabilir ama Tottehham tek yönlü oynuyor ve bu işe yaramıyor.
45+1 dakika: Spurs, eski tarz Şampiyonlar Ligi’ndeki deplasman golünü koruyormuş gibi tutunuyor. Aslında devre arasında skoru düşük tutmaya çalışıyorlar.
45 dakika: Maça üç dakika eklendi. Takımlardan birinin oynayabileceği çok daha fazla silahı olmasına rağmen, her ikisinin de birbirine yöneldiği, hızlı ilerleyen bir oyun oldu.
44 dakika: Sean Orlowicz temasa geçiyor: “Tabii ki Spurs’u tekrar izlemek eğlenceli. Ancak bu tam bir intihar topu ve Ange, galibiyet pozisyonundan art arda en çok kayıp rekorunu kıracak gibi görünüyor. Ve en önemli oyuncunuzun 30’luk yanlış tarafta olması nedeniyle, bu “projenin” iyi bir sonuç elde etmek için çok büyük bir penceresi yok. Ange’nin Spurs taraftarları tarafından, Arsenal taraftarlarının geç dönem Wenger’e baktığı gibi görülmesinden ne kadar zaman önce merak ediyorum; taktikleri oyunun en yüksek seviyesinde işe yaramayacak bir idealist.”
43 dakika: Ian Rubenstein şöyle yazıyor (beyaz renkte, oldukça kaba bir şekilde): “Spurs formasının Brian McKechnie döneminin Yeni Zelanda ODI formalarını temel aldığını düşünüyorum. Trevor Chappell Manchester City beyinlerinin güvenine dahil olmadığı sürece.”
Suçlunun Ian Chappell olduğunu düşünüyorum. Kardeşi emirlere göre hareket ediyordu.
42 dakika: Bir Tottenham molası daha ve Kyle Walker, hızını kullanarak Son’a gönderilen topun önüne geçerek tehlikeyi ortadan kaldırıyor.
41 dakika: Postecoglou’nun yüzü ifadesiz. Ekibi pompanın altında. Onun sorunu, Tottenham’ın en iyi olduğu konularda City’nin de kendisi kadar iyi olması. Bu, Gil’in Son’u gönderememesiyle kanıtlanıyor.
39 dakika: Tottenham’a yapılan bir atak, Porro’nun şutunun bloke edilmesiyle City’nin kontra atağıyla sonuçlanıyor. Bire 10 el ateş edildiği söylendi.
38 dakika: Her zaman aceleci olan Udogie, Foden’a giren en son rezervasyondur.
36 dakika: Olağanüstü bir performans sergileyen Alvarez direğe vuruyor ve ardından şu ana kadar Nottingham Forest’tan Robert Rosario tarzında bitiren Haaland’ı kuruyor. (Bob başka yerlerde iyiydi, bunu belirtmek gerekir.)
35 dakika: Rodri rezerve edildi ve bu önemli bir olay. Porro’ya yaptığı faul nedeniyle beşinci sarı kartını aldı ve hafta ortasında Villa’yı kaçıracak. Rodri’nin olmadığı şehir…ve Villa Park’ta. Kuyu.
33 dakika: Foden’ın geleceğine karşı soruların gündeme gelmesinin üzerinden çok zaman geçmemiş gibi görünüyor. Unutun bunu, o öyle klas bir oyuncu ki, her zaman zamanı gelecekti. Bu onun bu sezonki yedinci golü oldu.
Bu sefer ortadan geçerler ve Davies bulunduğu yerden uzaklaşmaya başlar. Top, radar benzeri bir farkındalıkla, kontrol ve slot dışında pek bir işi olmayan Foden’a dönen Alvarez’e veriliyor.
31 dakika: Jeremy Boyce, Spurs forması hakkında: “Tottenham deplasmanında, çok fazla böğürtlenli yoğurt değil, kanalizasyon sörfçülerinin kaçınmak istediği bir takıma daha yatkın olurum. Oysa Şehir Tahiti lagün mavisindedir. Bundan ne istersen onu yap.
30 dk: Doku kaçar ve mücadele eden Davies’le karşı karşıya kalır. Şutu çok sert ama direkten dışarı çıkıyor.Inferring the origin, population structure, and demographic history of a species is a major objective of population genetics. Although many organisms have been analyzed, the genetic structures of subdivided populations are not well understood. Here we analyze Drosophila ananassae, a highly substructured, cosmopolitan, and human-commensal species distributed in the tropical, subtropical, and mildly temperate regions of the world. We adopt a multilocus approach (with 10 neutral loci) using 16 population samples covering almost the entire species range (Asia, Australia, and America). Analyzed with our recently developed Bayesian method, 5 populations in Southeast Asia are found to be central, while the other 11 are peripheral. These 5 central populations were sampled from localities that belonged to a single landmass (“Sundaland”) during the late Pleistocene (∼18,000 years ago), when sea level was ∼120 m below the present level. The inferred migration routes of D. ananassae out of Sundaland seem to parallel those of humans in this region. Strong evidence for a population size expansion is seen particularly in the ancestral populations.
PATTERNS of genetic variation within and between populations contain information about the origin, population structure, and demography of a species. To understand population differentiation and the forces influencing it, a useful approach is to analyze DNA sequence variation at multiple loci. This is motivated by the notion that population structure and demography affect the entire genome in a similar way, whereas other evolutionary forces (including selection) leave footprints at individual genes (Fu and Li 1999; Avise 2000). This approach has been used for several species, including humans (Frisse et al. 2001; Takahata et al. 2001), Drosophila (Schlötterer et al. 1997; Glinka et al. 2003), and the house mouse (Boissinot and Boursot 1997).
To varying degrees, genetic differentiation exists in every species. It influences the estimation of population genetic parameters and complicates the analysis of molecular variation. However, with simplified assumptions, considerable progress in modeling population subdivision has been made in recent years (e.g., Wakeley 2001). Using these methods, it is now possible to distinguish central (ancestral) from peripheral (derived) populations without applying phylogenetic methods (Vogl et al. 2003).
Drosophila ananassae is one of the very few Drosophila species with a cosmopolitan distribution and is present in most of the tropical, subtropical, and mildly temperate regions of the world (Tobari 1993). It lives in close association with humans throughout the entire species range (Dobzhansky 1970), being most abundant in South and Southeast (SE) Asia, including some southern islands of Japan, Polynesia, Australasian regions, and America (Futch 1966; Bock and Wheeler 1972; McEvey et al. 1987). This species has likely originated in SE Asia and subsequently dispersed to other parts of the world, possibly through human activity (Dobzhansky and Dreyfus 1943). Previous population genetic studies using DNA sequence polymorphism provided evidence for significant genetic structure in this species (Stephan et al. 1998). On the basis of these analyses, D. ananassae appears to be an excellent organism for analyzing population subdivision.
Here we adopt a multilocus approach using 16 populations covering almost the entire species range to infer the population structure of D. ananassae. Analyzing putatively neutral nuclear DNA sequence polymorphisms from 10 independent loci, we are able to distinguish between central and peripheral populations. We confirm the SE Asian origin of D. ananassae and delimit its ancestral species range to a region that was a well-connected single landmass (Sundaland) until the late Pleistocene [∼18,000 years ago (18 KYA)], when sea level was lower than today by ∼120 m. In addition, we study the demographic history of D. ananassae. While the central subpopulations deviate most clearly from the neutral, constant-size equilibrium model, the population as a whole appears to be expanding.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Population samples and marker fragment identification:
We have sampled 160 isofemale lines from 16 locations in Asia, Australia, and America covering almost the entire species range of D. ananassae (Table 1). The abbreviated names of the sampling locations (as given in Table 1) are used throughout this article. Since information on genomic DNA is limited in D. ananassae and D. melanogaster is a closely related species with a completely known genome sequence, we used genomic information of the latter species to identify our marker fragments. We chose introns from random genes located in the normal- to high-recombination regions of the X chromosome of D. melanogaster and tested for amplification in D. ananassae. PCR primers were designed in exons flanking these introns. For each sequenced fragment, the DNA sequences of the flanking exons were aligned with those of the corresponding fragment of D. melanogaster. A fragment was used for further study if (i) exon parts at both ends were homologous to D. melanogaster, (ii) total length of the intron flanked by exons was 300–600 bp long, and (iii) at least five SNPs were present in a set of five sequences of a randomly chosen population sample. Nine fragments (termed L2–L10; see online supplementary Table 1 at http://www.genetics.org/supplemental/) of these specifications and a part of intron 1 of the Om(1D) gene (L1) located in the normal recombination region of the X chromosome of D. ananassae (Stephan et al. 1998) were used, bringing the total number of marker loci to 10. In a previous report, a subset of these data consisting of nine loci (L1–L9) and seven populations (BBS, BOG, CH, DAR, KATH, MAN, and PUR) was already published (Vogl et al. 2003).
DNA was extracted from a single male from each isofemale line employing the PUREGENE DNA isolation kit (Gentra Systems, Minneapolis, MN). Details of the primer sequences and the PCR conditions are available from the authors on request. PCR products were purified with EXOSAP-IT (United States Biochemical, Cleveland, OH) and both strands were sequenced according to the protocol of the DYEnamic ET Terminator cycle sequencing kit (Amersham Biosciences, Buckinghamshire, UK) on an automated DNA sequencer (MegaBACE 1000; Amersham Biosciences). Sequences were edited with SeqMan and aligned with MegAlign (DNAStar, Madison, WI). Manual alignments were used when necessary. Insertion-deletion polymorphisms are not considered in our analysis and thus were removed from the sequences. Homologous fragments of all 10 loci were also sequenced from a single laboratory strain of D. pallidosa, a sibling species of D. ananassae, for estimating divergence. The DNA sequences reported in this article can be found in GenBank under accession nos. AY708657, AY710266.
Summary statistics of DNA sequence variation, neutrality tests, and linkage disequilibrium:
For each locus and population, we calculated the number of segregating sites, the number of haplotypes, and two summary statistics of intrapopulational nucleotide diversity: θw (Watterson 1975), based on the number of segregating sites in the sample, and π (Nei 1987), the average number of pairwise differences per site. Assuming the standard neutral model of a random-mating population of constant size, both summary statistics estimate the population mutation parameter θ = 3Neμ (for X-linked loci), where Ne is the effective population size and μ the mutation rate per generation per site. Divergence (κ) between D. ananassae and its sibling species D. pallidosa was estimated for each locus and averaged over loci for each population. The program DnaSP, version 3.50 (Rozas and Rozas 1999), was used to estimate these parameters; all values are summarized in the online supplementary Table 2 (http://www.genetics.org/supplemental/).
To test the standard neutral equilibrium model, we calculated Tajima's D-statistic (Tajima 1989) and Fu and Li's D-statistic (Fu and Li 1993) for each locus and population separately. Tajima's D-statistic considers the normalized difference between the estimates of π and θw. Under the standard neutral model, Tajima's D is roughly equal to zero. So any deviation from zero would indicate a skew in the allele frequency spectrum. Fu and Li's D test is based on the difference between the total number of polymorphic sites and the number of derived singletons (polymorphisms appearing only once in the sample).
In addition, we employed the multilocus versions of the Hudson-Kreitman-Aguadé (HKA) and Tajima's D and Fu and Li's D tests (Hudson et al. 1987; Tajima 1989; Fu and Li 1993). These three tests were done using the program HKA, kindly provided by J. Hey (http://lifesci.rutgers.edu/heylab), in which the test statistics are compared with the distributions generated from 10,000 coalescent simulations (Kliman et al. 2000; see also Frisse et al. 2001).
The index of association (IA), a measure of linkage disequilibrium for multiple loci (Brown et al. 1980; Haubold et al. 1998), was estimated by pairwise comparison of haplotypes using each population separately. It essentially tests to what extent individuals that are identical (or different) at one locus are more likely to be identical (or different) at the other loci. To examine whether an observation deviates significantly from the hypothesis of no linkage disequilibrium among loci, the observed value was compared to the results of 10,000 randomized data sets. The program MultiLocus, version 1.3 (Agapow and Burt 2001), was used for both estimation and randomization.
Distinguishing the central from peripheral populations and inferring population structure:
We used a coalescence-based Bayesian approach implemented through a Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) integration method to distinguish central from more peripheral populations of D. ananassae (Vogl et al. 2003). This novel method evaluates for each population the degree of differentiation (Θp) from a reconstructed migrant pool. The reconstruction of the migrant pool is based on the assumption of a large number of demes between which migrants are exchanged according the island model (Wright 1969). Wakeley (2001) has shown that in such a model the coalescent can be partitioned into a “scattering phase” (in which coalescences within demes occur on a relatively fast time scale) and into a slower “collecting phase” (in which the coalescences between islands occur). The migrant pool is reconstructed on the basis of the slow dynamics (see Appendix in Vogl et al. 2003). The parameter Θp for each population (henceforth called migration-drift parameter) takes small values (close to zero) if the population shows little differentiation from the migrant pool and large values (close to one) if differentiation is strong.
We also applied an individual-based analysis of population structure using a clustering algorithm implemented in the program Structure (Pritchard et al. 2000). Our data set consisted of the haplotype frequencies for each of the 10 loci. We performed 10–20 runs for each K value. A burn-in period of 50,000 generations and MCMC simulations of 100,000 iterations were used. We ran the program assuming the no-admixture model with values of K ranging from 2 to 10. Highest posterior probabilities with consistent and meaningful genetic clusters in relation to the geographic locations of the populations were obtained with K = 7. To confirm the results obtained with Structure, we followed an FST-based approach (Weir and Cockerham 1984). Since it has been suggested that genetic distances measured by FST generate reliable tree topologies (Cavalli-Sforza and Feldman 2003), FST estimates between pairs of populations were used as genetic distances to obtain an unrooted neighbor-joining (NJ) population tree (Saitou and Nei 1987), employing the program MEGA version 2 (Kumar et al. 2001). To determine the strength of support for the internal branches, 1000 bootstrap trees were generated using the BioNJ computer program (Gascuel 1997).
DNA polymorphism, divergence, and linkage disequilibrium:
Combining all 10 loci, we sequenced 4070 bp per individual and ∼651 kb in total (160 lines). The total length of individual loci ranges from 371 to 487 bp. We found 529 SNPs, of which 219 were recorded only once in the sample. As only two variants were detected at each polymorphic site, our data fit the infinite-site mutation model (Kimura 1969). The number of haplotypes at individual loci varies from 23 to 101. The number of segregating sites per locus is lowest in the two Brazilian
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, people infected with the virus don't even know they have it. However, when it causes symptoms, it can be described as extremely painful. This is especially true for the first outbreak, which is often the worst. Outbreaks are described as aches or pains in or around the genital area or burning, pain, or difficulty urinating. Some people experience discharge from the vagina or penis.
The risk of transmission from mother to baby is highest if the mother becomes infected around the time of delivery (30% to 60%), since insufficient time will have occurred for the generation and transfer of protective maternal antibodies before the birth of the child. In contrast, the risk falls to 3% if the infection is recurrent, and is 1–3% if the woman is seropositive for both HSV-1 and HSV-2, and is less than 1% if no lesions are visible. Women seropositive for only one type of HSV are only half as likely to transmit HSV as infected seronegative mothers. To prevent neonatal infections, seronegative women are recommended to avoid unprotected oral-genital contact with an HSV-1-seropositive partner and conventional sex with a partner having a genital infection during the last trimester of pregnancy. Mothers infected with HSV are advised to avoid procedures that would cause trauma to the infant during birth (e.g. fetal scalp electrodes, forceps, and vacuum extractors) and, should lesions be present, to elect caesarean section to reduce exposure of the child to infected secretions in the birth canal. The use of antiviral treatments, such as aciclovir, given from the 36th week of pregnancy, limits HSV recurrence and shedding during childbirth, thereby reducing the need for caesarean section.
Herpes has been known for at least 2,000 years. Emperor Tiberius is said to have banned kissing in Rome for a time due to so many people having cold sores. In the 16th-century Romeo and Juliet, blisters "o'er ladies' lips" are mentioned. In the 18th century, it was so common among prostitutes that it was called "a vocational disease of women". The term 'herpes simplex' appeared in Richard Boulton's A System of Rational and Practical Chirurgery in 1713, where the terms 'herpes miliaris' and 'herpes exedens' also appeared. Herpes was not found to be a virus until the 1940s.A causa del COVID-19 passiamo molto tempo impegnati in videochiamate e molti lo trovano estenuante In molti articoli viene descritta la “fatica da Zoom” (Zoom fatigue) e le sue potenziali cause, ovvero la fatica che proviamo nella comunicazione digitale a Continua a leggere La “fatica da Zoom” è correlata alla tua personalità?مشکلاتی در هود آشپزخانه وجود دارد؟ با استفاده از نکته های مفید، بهترین استفاده را از لوازم خود داشته باشید.
با طراحی پیچیده و سطحی بالا در عملکر و با استفاده از نکته های مفید، بدون نیاز به کارشناس خدمات، بیشترین استفاده را از هود های آشپزخانه بوش خواهید برد. و برای تمام چیزهای دیگر، خدمات لوازم خانگی بوش، آماده خدمت رسانی به شما در مورد توصیه های یا قرار تعمیر توسط یک کارشناس خدمات بوش، هستند.-
sarayla sayı konusunda pazarlıklar dönüyor galiba o yüzden bu kadar gecikti.
ya da sosyal medyada ölümler konuşuluyor artık, konuşulanları raporlayıp derliyorlardır, altında bir sayı vermeyelim mi diyorlar acaba?
düşünsene yeni vaka 1000-2000 civarında ve bunu açıklıyor, tüik başkan yardımcısının enflasyon oranını doğru açıklaması sonrası başına gelenler gelirdi muhtemelen sağlık bakanı’nın başına da. görevden alınır ne emrediliyorsa o sayı çıkartılır.Almanach der Psychoanalyse
ALMANACH DER PSYCHOANALYSE
The first Almanach der Psychoanalyse was published in 1926 by Internationaler Psychoanalytischer Verlag in Vienna. The job of publishing the Almanach, a highly effective publicity vehicle, was the first editorial decision made by Adolf Josef Storfer after the departure of Otto Rank as director of the press. Storfer's goal was to supply a kind of budget anthology of psychoanalysis that would provide an overview of the psychoanalytic literature.
The Almanach was published once a year from 1926 until 1938, when the Germans entered Austria. There were thirteen volumes in all, comprising between two and three hundred pages each; nine thousand copies of each octavo volume were printed. Each number contained about twenty short articles written by psychoanalysts, scientists, and writers (including Thomas Mann, Stefan Zweig, and Hermann Hesse), articles that had previously appeared in the psychoanalytic literature, pages from books published by Internationaler Psychoanalytischer Verlag, and, in rare cases, unpublished writing. Freud helped support the Almanach by publishing "Humor" and "Fetishism," two unpublished texts of his, in 1928. Each volume also contained portraits of the various psychoanalysts and critiques of works on psychoanalysis excerpted from newspapers and the trade press, as well as a list of new publications by Internationaler Psychoanalytischer Verlag.
See also: Internationaler Psychoanalytischer Verlag.
Freud, Sigmund. (1927d). Humour. SE, 21: 159-166.
——. (1927e). Fetishism. SE, 21: 147-157.
"Almanach der Psychoanalyse." International Dictionary of Psychoanalysis. . Encyclopedia.com. (December 18, 2018). https://www.encyclopedia.com/psychology/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/almanach-der-psychoanalyse
"Almanach der Psychoanalyse." International Dictionary of Psychoanalysis. . Retrieved December 18, 2018 from Encyclopedia.com: https://www.encyclopedia.com/psychology/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/almanach-der-psychoanalyseIn the movie "My Fair Lady", the main character will use this structure a lot; "I'm a good girl, I am." or "I washed my face and hands before I come, I did.". I like to know more about this structure and when such thing can be used. Thank you for your help.
This repetition acts much like an exclamation mark to insist on the truth of what has gone before.
It should not be emulated, unless you are aiming at a comic effect. Note that Eliza Dolittle comes to Prof. Higgins to lose her vernacular usage:
That gentility, as she learns in Act III, is not merely a matter of pronouncing words properly. She must also master the terms and phrases and syntax of "proper" English. One of the vernacular tricks she loses is just this insistent repetition: it disappears after Act II and does not return until Act V, at the precise moment when Eliza realizes her true strength and taunts Higgins by deliberately reverting for a single sentence to her old way of speech:
That sentence is the climax of the entire play, but the form of expression is ironic. I presume that you, like Eliza, want to employ "proper" English, not the street speech of 1913. If so, avoid this use.
The quotations above are from the text of Shaw's Pygmalion; I don't know whether they're preserved in the script of the musical and the movie.در تصویر فوق در ابتدا چه چیزی را مشاهده کردید؟
من یک فیل را مشاهده کردم. با این وجود که شما فردی برنامه ریز و آینده نگر هستید، اما بیشتر اطرافیان تان بر این باور هستند که شما فردی هستید که بدون فکر هر تصمیمی را می گیرید. در هر صورت شما در تلاش هستید که بتوانید یک تصور کلی از آینده تان داشته باشید و برای رسیدن به آن تمام تلاش خود را می کنید.
من یک موش را مشاهده کردم. شما فردی جزء نگر هستید که این ویژگی سبب می شود که اکثر مواقع در زندگی به مسائل کوچکی توجه کنید که دیگران از آن غافل هستند. به هر حال شما به خاطر داشتن این ویژگی می توانید در آینده به عنوان یک روان شناس موفق مطرح شوید.In the Internet age there is a need for sound practices that involve protecting your information in your computer by preventing, detecting, and responding to attacks.
The application of computer and Internet has spread its tentacles to every segment of our daily life. Education, business, industry, entertainment, medicine, travel, communication, or any other activity stands linked to the cyber world one way or the other.
Consequently even critical information on individuals and institutions are often stored in the digital form. A computer that stands connected to the Internet is open to access by clever hackers. Our vital information may be misused by them. Our bank deposits may be stolen by accessing our passwords and the details of our accounts. The trade secrets or proprietary information of an industry may be taken by an unscrupulous competitor and misused. The consequences of our secrets of national defence if drawn by our enemies are terrible. We should keep in mind that the tremendous convenience offered by the cyber world carries along with it serious risks as well.
We should necessarily adopt measures to protect our information in foolproof styles. If we have some highly confidential information, it is a good idea to keep it in digital form in a computer system that cannot be accessed through the net. Further, a password may be used to prevent accessing of the contents by unauthorised persons.
Cyber security involves protecting your information by preventing, detecting, and responding to attacks. You should protect information against unauthorised disclosure, transfer, modification, or destruction - whether accidental or deliberate.
You cannot overlook the fact that when your computer stands connected to a network, it communicates with other computers. Unless you shield your machine appropriately, you may lose your information. The attitude ‘Oh, it won't happen to me' may prove to be wrong. You may have to pay a heavy price for complacency. You should guard against identity theft when sensitive information is stored on computers linked to the Internet. There is a need for reliable Information Assurance (Operations that protect and defend information and information systems by ensuring their availability, integrity, and authentication; practice of managing risks related to the use, processing, storage, and transmission of information.)
Apart from unwanted leakage of information, there is the possibility of your computer system getting infected by viruses that may alter or erase your data, or transmit them automatically to all the e-mail addresses
recorded in your system. You should adopt precautions to prevent such disasters.
Hackers who look for vulnerable systems may attack your computers. Your computer may get infected when
you open an email from an unknown source.
You should not open any attachment in an email from a stranger. In case of doubt about any attachment
received by mail, scan it before opening.
Anti-virus software that alerts the arrival of an infected email or even deletes it automatically is available in the market.
Sometimes your computer may get infected if you visit certain undesirable web sites. Indeed, there are ways of blocking such sites.
There are two related terms malware and virus. There is a distinction. A malware (malicious software) is software developed for the purpose of causing harm to a computer system.
But a virus is a programme that can copy itself or infect a computer without the consent or permission of the owner. A virus can reproduce itself, and spread to other computer systems.
Sometimes you may receive an email that promises some software that would make your computer work faster or downloads easier.
Be wary of such messages; it may be a ruse to distribute viruses. Then there is the spyware which is a kind of programme that can be installed in a computer in order to steal a user's information, including his/her surfing habits. The spyware is secretly installed with malicious motives.
You have to protect your computer from this kind of threat as well.
People often enjoy publishing personal or even proprietary information on social networking sites like Facebook, Twitter, MySpace and Orkut, or blogs on the net without forethought. Once it is in the public domain, it could be accessed by anyone including online crooks. Even if you withdraw the published information at a later date when wisdom dawns on you, the information would have already been gathered by others who may misuse it. How many of us remember that putting our email id on the net is an invitation for spam? Publish in haste and regret at leisure.
You should be on your guard against phishing, which is the criminal attempt to acquire sensitive personal
information such as passwords, bank account numbers, or credit card details.
The sender of the mail would pose as a trustworthy source like your bank authorities or a government agency like the tax department.
He may ask for several details making the request look as genuine for official processing. Never respond to such mail. If you feel that the message is authentic, do contact the company / organisation directly to confirm the veracity of the request.
Organisations will do well to study well the cyber crime history if any of recruits before they are appointed.
Periodical training of employees on the latest trends in cyber security will save organisations from untoward information disasters.
Network security practices often rely too heavily on the basic network firewall, which may not be adequate to ensure protection against Internet-related threats and attacks. Business enterprises without up-to-date network protective devices face significant risks.
This underlines the need for sound practices in intrusion detection and prevention.June 3 - An Israeli company has produced a technology that utilises the sun to distil water for drinking and agriculture. The system, which the company says is inexpensive and simple to use, has been designed for use in the developing world. Suzannah Butcher reports.
Turning water that looks like this, into this, is no mean feat - especially when the only energy to help you comes from the sun. An Israeli company is hoping its solar-powered water distiller will help solve two of the world's most pressing problems - water scarcity and water pollution. A prototype in the desert near the Dead Sea is turning dirty and salty water into water you can drink, and it's making Dr Ronald Silver from SunDwater very proud. SOUNDBITE (English) CO-FOUNDER OF SUNDWATER, DR. RONALD SILVER, SAYING: "We feel we have a, really a world-changing, revolutionary invention. Our solution is completely green, requires no infrastructure, is run on solar power and has the ability, through our proprietary design changes, to create distilled, pure water in yields that heretofore have never been achieved, to make it an economically feasible model." SunDwater CEO Shimmy Zimels says key to the system is its simplicity, making it ideal for use in developing countries. SOUNDBITE (English) SUNDWATER CEO, SHIMMY ZIMELS, SUNDWATER CEO, SAYING: "When we built the product we took in mind that this is going to be in the field, used by people that are not trained or not engineers and they don't have the ability to run these systems. So, it's a very high tech unit but it's low tech to operate and the operation is very simple, there's minimal maintenance that needs to be done so basically there's really no cost to run the system on the long run." A round photovoltaic dish concentrates the sun's rays, allowing fast evaporation of polluted water. The vapour then flows into a container where it is condensed into clean water - up to 400 litres a day. Water technology expert Avner Adin says it has great potential. SOUNDBITE (English) WATER TECHNOLOGY EXPERT AT THE HEBREW UNIVERSITY OF JERUSALEM, PROFESSOR AVNER ADIN, SAYING: "It can be important first of all for remote locations, for small villages in developing countries, for agriculture in remote places. In the future, maybe the technology will improve and be used for larger projects." And with water shortages affecting every continent in the world, it's little surprise there is strong international interest in this solar-powered solution.multinazionali, di banche, di governo e di ambasciate con il lusso dei suoi appartamenti. Offriamo sistemazioni che vanno da una notte ad un lungo periodo e siamo la sistemazione ideale anche per grandi gruppi di persone. Offriamo i servizi di tre ristoranti internazionali (malese,indiano e argentino) Con la nostra posizione centrale si puo raggiungere facilmente Buckingham Palace, the Royal Albert Hall, Knightsbridge, Sloane Square, il Natural History e il Victoria and Albert Museums. Grazie alla vicinanza con la metropolitana in poco tempo si puo raggiungere la City, il West End e i principali aeroporti di Heathrow e Gatwick.La Francia è la culla della cucina e, sebbene la cultura gastronomica sia stata valorizzata grazie a culture diverse, molte delle tecniche e delle basi provengono dalla gastronomia francese. Un esempio di questo è il termine mise en place.
Mise en place è una frase ampiamente usata nelle cucine professionali di tutto il mondo. Si usa chiamare l’organizzazione degli ingredienti che verranno utilizzati per cucinare i piatti in un ristorante, turno dopo turno.
Questa espressione francese significa “messo in atto” ed è conosciuta anche in lingua gastronomica come eurodeputato.
Una mise en place richiede conoscenze tecniche e di pianificazione che evitino ritardi nel completamento dei compiti, così come la capacità di mantenere l’ordine durante il servizio.
¿Qué encontrarás en este artículo?
Origine della mise en place
Questo termine culinario è stato coniato in Francia all’epoca di Auguste Escoffier, un rinomato chef francese che promuoveva i metodi di cottura tradizionali.
Questa espressione è ampiamente usata e, sebbene la sua pronuncia non sia sempre corretta, “misanplas”, “mise in place” o “mis an plan” sono un invito a mettere tutto al suo posto.
La corretta pronuncia di questo termine è meez-ahn-plahss.
Fasi di una mise en place
Quando parliamo di mise en place, intendiamo l’applicazione di una dinamica di lavoro che può essere utilizzata al servizio della cucina, del ristorante o dei tavoli.
In entrambi i casi, la mise en place si svolge in due fasi:
- Fase di pianificazione: permetterà di visualizzare, progettare e organizzare la preparazione del cibo o la distribuzione dei tavoli in modo da evitare l’improvvisazione.
- Fase di esecuzione e supervisione: gli incarichi vengono svolti in termini di preparazione degli ingredienti o degli spazi destinati alle posate e alla biancheria da tavola che consentiranno di fornire un servizio adeguato.
Passi per fare una buona mise en place in cucina
Per fare una buona mise en place in cucina è necessario seguire questi passi:
- Avere tutti gli ingredienti necessari prima di iniziare a cucinare.
- Tagliare, tritare e grattugiare gli ingredienti necessari alla cottura.
- Mettere ogni ingrediente in un contenitore, in ordine e vicino all’area di lavoro.
- Individuare tutti gli utensili necessari per la preparazione dei cibi nell’area di lavoro dello chef.
Mise en place of service in un ristorante
Durante il servizio ristorante ci sono molti dettagli da tenere in considerazione per preparare la sala da pranzo.
Con elementi che includ
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人群运动不能停
对于患病的人，夏天适量地运动不但不会引发疾病，还可达到健身的目的。所以说，运动对于患者来说，绝对不能停。特别是对于患有高血压、糖尿病这些慢性病人群来说，更要坚持。
高血压：以轻松的、运动量小的运动为主，如健身跑5至20分钟(心功能正常)，也可以跑与走相结合，跑1分钟走2分钟；跑2分钟走4分钟。体力允许者可以走跑结合延长至20分钟。还有如散步、徒手操、太极拳等。
糖尿病：健身步行，慢速走15至30分钟，以每分钟70至80步为宜，中速每分钟90至100步，快速110至120步行走，走的速度按个人体力而定。我们知道随着生活水平的提高，人们对美食的追求越来越高端。例如，现在人们喜欢吃野菜，一些过去在农村地区吃的野果又着火了。然而，随着人们对这些的追求，野生水果越来越少，但现在一些杂交品种在市场上变得流行起来。例如，现在非常流行的紫玉樱桃等。
今天我将介绍一个葡萄品种。这种杂交葡萄的名字叫茉莉葡萄。它没有种子，尝起来很甜。咬一口它会给你强烈的茉莉花香。有时我在超市买一公斤茉莉花香，放在家里。过一会儿，房间里就会充满香味。事实上，茉莉葡萄是在20世纪80年代从日本引进的。那时，我们的生活水平没有现在高。它很小但很贵，很难推广。然而，随着近年来人们生活水平的提高，它已经慢慢进入人们的视野。
茉莉葡萄雌花，需要去核化处理，否则不能保证稳定高产，去核化处理去核化率可达98%以上。根据这一原则，葡萄通常在秋天成熟，但这种茉莉葡萄是由种植者提前上市的。原因是什么？原来这是一个早熟品种，因为它是在温室里种植的，成熟期提前了几个月。
现在在一些市场上，我们看到茉莉葡萄的价格相对较高，每公斤价格超过40元。据一些种植茉莉葡萄的农民称，一位70岁的当地农民种植4亩土地，一年能挣20多万元。那么种植茉莉葡萄时我们应该注意什么呢？一些当地种植者说，他们通常轻视有机肥料，在种植作物时更喜欢过度使用化肥。对于葡萄种植，虽然施肥是一句老话，但仍有许多农民朋友不重视施肥，存在一些误解。
例如，如果长期施用化肥而不施用有机肥，土壤中的有机质会减少，同时会出现土壤酸化、土壤中有益菌失衡、葡萄品质下降等问题。因此，我们必须注意有机肥料和细菌肥料的使用，减少化肥的使用。有机肥的使用可以在一定程度上调节土壤的酸碱度，同时可以缓解盐渍化土壤的高酸碱度带来的不利影响。
此外，菌肥能迅速分解土壤中的有机物，使土壤更加疏松。所有的农民都种了茉莉葡萄吗？你知道这种葡萄的经济效益吗？欢迎留言。
(图片来源网络)Giornata di conferenza stampa per il ct argentino Lionel Scaloni. Il selezionatore ha parlato in conferenza stampa di vari argomenti, tra i quali l'esplosione di Julian Alvarez. "In che posizione lo vedo? Come attaccante - ha risposto Scaloni - Lautaro è un 9, Correa e Dybala possono giocare da 9, Aguero giocava da 9. Julian, quando giochiamo con tre attaccanti, può giocare anche da laterale. Perde un po' perché è un realizzatore nato, ma può farelo perché è un ragazzo che lavora molto. Può giocare in ogni posizione. Sudamerica o Europa? Col livello che ha, non fa differenza. Al River sta molto bene. Siamo contenti del suo presente. Lo seguiamo dalle giovanili e ha fatto un ottimo salto. In più è un gran ragazzo".oSa, uluslararası ticari marka ihlallerini sürekli olarak takip ederek bunlara karşı işlem başlatmaktadır. Deneyimli avukatların yardımıyla, telif hakkı ihlaline ve kendi markanızın ve koruma altındaki oSa® markamızın korsan kopyalarına karşı mücadelede sizi destekliyoruz. Dünyanın tüm önemli pazarlarında aktif faaliyet gösteren üyelerimiz güvenli olmayan, sahte veya yanlış tanımlanmış taşlama malzemeleri piyasaya sürüldüğünde bunu bize bildirmektedir.当前，叙利亚内战到了最关键的时刻，俄叙联军一鼓作气将叙利亚南部的叛军歼灭，然后立马挥师北上，将孤军奋战的叛军围困在伊德利卜省一带。美国近八年扶持的武装力量，即将退出历史舞台，这让美国非常的不甘心，于是美国近期突然宣布：针对叙利亚政府使用生化武器，将会出兵直接介入叙利亚内战。这一消息，对于俄叙联军而言，是一个巨大挑战，一旦美国介入战争，将会使好不容易打出的战绩化为虚有。
据悉，普金在前几天出访德国时发表讲话称：将会近一切可能，快速结束叙利亚战争。看来这一下普京是下定决定了，毕竟三年的战争让俄罗斯也复出巨大的代价。近日，俄罗斯海军的三艘大型军舰直接硬闯土耳其海峡，从黑海进入地中海，然后抵达叙利亚的塔尔图斯军港。这艘军舰分必然是一艘导弹护卫舰和两艘军火运输船，俄罗斯将大量先进的主战坦克与装甲车运到叙利亚境内，交付到叙军的王牌部队老虎师团与第四装甲师团的手上，对叛军进行严密的封锁与包围。1. Plot out your garden area. Simply put, a planting calendar is a information that tells you one of the best time to start out planting your garden. In case your soil is simply too acidic, that means it falls under the optimum level of 6.zero (though some greens grow very properly at 5.5), here is what you can do to lift that level.
Vertical, Floor or Desk Gardening – Create an instantly lush vertical, floor or table garden and expertise the magical enjoyable of vegetation and flowers absolutely wherever from your front room to your patio, kitchen counter or on the wall over your fire place.
City Container Gardening – Those with small spaces can develop flower and herbs in an urban or city setting. We created this time-lapse of lilacs blooming in 2018 as part of our efforts to track the seasonal blooming, leafing and fruiting of plants all through the Gardens to learn more about how climate change affects life cycles.
Gardening is the exercise of rising and sustaining the garden. But to be a extremely successful vegetable gardener — and to do it organically — you will want to grasp what it takes to keep your crops healthy and vigorous. Relating to creating and caring for a wonderful garden and garden, Lowe’s has all of the equipment, gardening instruments, flowers and vegetation to get the job completed.
In The Gardens
Madison Sq. Garden
Designing a small garden entails making use of every centimetre of space, and utilizing visible methods to make the garden seem larger. Most planting calendars are primarily based on frost dates, which dictate when you need to start seeds and when it is protected to plant outdoor. A Metropolis of Poughkeepsie Police officer holds a bag with a shell casing from a shooting that occurred on the Hudson Gardens Flats within the Metropolis of Poughkeepsie on Could 7, 2019.
One of the largest considerations about water gardening or a water fountain is the protection of youngsters. Rain Gardens – The plants in a rain garden are chosen for their skill to uptake and retailer water and to withstand drought. And whereas at this time is a special day, I need you to know that everybody at Garden State Equality is working each single day of every year to lift up and defend transgender New Jerseyans.
This work is done by an novice or skilled gardener A gardener may also work in a non-garden setting, corresponding to a park, a roadside embankment, or different public space Landscape architecture is a associated professional activity with panorama architects tending to concentrate on design for public and corporate shoppers.
Garden Of Life Residence
There may be some particular attraction in garden furnishings. Click on under to be taught extra about the Arboretum’s gardens and to view the property map. If you don’t have house for a vegetable or flower garden or in case your current site is too small, think about raising fresh, nutritious, homegrown vegetables and … Read More...Posted on Monday March 21, 2022
Zigron Bloger | 3 min read
Importance of having a Scalable Communication Infrastructure for IoT Networks
Scalability is crucial in considering any IoT system, as it helps make devices more effective and reliable. With the enhancement in technology in this fast-advancing world, the devices that connect to the internet are increasing exponentially. By 2023, the number of IoT devices is expected to surpass 46 billion. With the constant bombardment of data acquisition points and traffic at the edge, industrial companies are in critical need of a scalable M2M communications architecture. Engineering a scalable solution from the start minimizes the need for expensive modifications in the future, thereby helping in securing long-term return on investment. Scalability is a mega phenomenon driven by specialized processes, including features inclusive of business, marketing, hardware, software, and network.
However, building such architecture does not come without challenges. There are some essential factors to consider when choosing the proper connectivity. The evolution of IoT has triggered the currently digitally marketed world in which everything is connected, leading to distinct technology methods.
6 considerations for designing scalable IoT communications Solutions
It refers to the amount of traffic a network can handle at a given time. Higher network capacity allows for seamless and reliable system operations as the number of end devices continuously increases. Self-interference caused by confined radio resources is a significant issue that dampens network capacity in wireless IoT networks.
Many low-power wireless technologies adopt asynchronous medium access control protocols such as ALOHA that cause self-interference. Efficient use of finite radio spectrum, also known as spectrum efficiency, is key to remedying self-interference and improving overall capacity. It can only be achieved by low bandwidth use of a signal and short radio, the time in which the packet travels from source to destination.
Intersystem interference is another threat to IoT communications networks’ effective threats and scalability. The 2.4 GHz band is the most used frequency in legacy industrial applications and systems and, therefore, a more congested one. Wireless technologies using this band are open to significant electromagnetic interference from various sources like WiFi Hubs. Using less crowded sub- GHz ISM bands, for example, the 902-928 MHz, significantly helps in interference problems. Nevertheless, these bands are gaining increasing popularity as well. System designers should equip IoT architecture with robust, interference resilient wireless technology to tackle near future exponential traffic in the shared spectrum. Frequency Hopping and Channel Coding are standard techniques adopted to improve system robustness.
Network Setup, Management, and Maintenance
The choice of network topology can decide what is required from a planning and administration effort. For example, mesh topology is widely adopted by short-range wireless technologies. Mesh networks require installing extra devices that act as routers, not to capture essential data, but to achieve desired coverage. As of which, redundancy is an intrinsic part of these networks, complicating management activities.
Security comes up in all IoT conversations, and unless the communication technology is equipped with versatility and security, data transfer will be an enormous challenge in ever-expanding IoT networks. Hence Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), a globally validated message encryption to protect data confidentiality, integrity, and authenticity against eavesdropping and other malicious attempts, is used to make communication secure.
Scalability and Interoperability essentially go hand in hand. Standards are established for consistent and transparent technical models for third-party developers to easily integrate the communication protocol into various IoT devices and application platforms.
Manufacturers in search of IoT architecture should also consider the longevity of the communication technology. Longevity reflects stable operations of the IoT systems over the years without foreseeable disruption due to network shutdowns.
Expensive industrial assets and critical infrastructure are on the verge of phasing out. Aligning network and device longevity is a core pillar in a company’s long-term IoT strategy.
The IoT industry has come up in leaps and bounds, and hence it is essential to make systems where information is scalable. Message design of IoT devices helps for infrastructure scalability. We at Zigron have Cloud Engineers who use the best IoT scalable messaging practices in which the message is kept in JSON format, which contains publish-in time and unique ID of IoT devices. Likewise, meaningful or historical information helps for alarm generation conditions. With experience in building and running mission-critical applications, Zigron is your ideal partner to plan, set up, and securely run highly scalable IoT infrastructure. We are partners with major cloud providers and are in the best position to handle edge computing so you can get most of the modern, ever-evolving IoT and machine learning technologies.
I work as a Technical Content Lead. I've a background in Computer Networks and a strong interest in learning and sharing up-and-coming Computer Networking trends.Ko Sun-young ünlü bir haber spikeri ve bir radyoda gece programı yapan bir DJ'dir. Kızlarının Amerika'da olacağı kalp ameliyatı için mesleğini bırakmaya karar vermiştir. İşindeki son gününde, kız kardeşi Ah-young yeğenleriyle evde olduğu sırada aniden Sun-young, Han Dong-soo adında bir adamdan bir telefon alır.
Dong-soo birçok kişiyi öldürmüş psikopat bir katildir. Sun-young'u kendi hazırladığı şarkı listesini çalması ve isteklerine uyması için tehdit eder.M. Stolzenbach from Brentwood, TN wrote:
A friend asked me about the description of the circular brass pool in the Temple. (I Kings, 7:23) Skeptics say that if this pool was 10 across and 30 around, then G-d doesn't seem to know the value of "pi." Either that, or the pool was not exactly circular.
One friend retorted (this was in e-mail) that approximate measurements are enough for some purposes. But my friend said that G-d certainly ought to know the exact facts, and this proved that the Bible was written by men, not by G-d. Can you help him, and me? (By the way, he liked your explanation concerning the evidence for the Exodus.) Thanks.
Dear M. Stolzenbach,
First let's define our terms: Pie is the relationship of one's belly button to one's belt buckle.
But seriously. The verse says that Solomon constructed a circular pool that was "ten cubits from edge to edge....and 30 around." The question is, how can this be? If it was ten across, it would be more than thirty around. (It would be closer to 31.4, a difference of 1.4 cubits, or approximately 3 feet.)
This has nothing to do with "knowing the value of pi." It's a simple question of circling the pool with a tape measure. Could it be that Solomon -- builder of one of the architectural wonders of the ancient world, the Temple -- had a tape measure that was off by three feet?
Obviously, as the commentaries explain, the verse is offering an approximation. There are many such instances where the Torah uses approximate numbers. Just one example: When the Torah tallies the members of each of the 12 tribes (Numbers 1:20-46), each tribe's population is rounded to the nearest 50.
Why does the Torah give approximations? To offer us relevant information without burdening us with details, details often dealt with in the Oral Torah. In the case of "Solomon's Pool," the approximation teaches us that in Jewish legal matters relating to construction, we may use this 1 to 3 ratio as an approximation regarding rabbinical law.
Besides, there is no number to express the value of "pi." (That's why it's called "pi" and not written as a number.) No matter how specific the verse would be, you could always ask, "why wasn't it more specific?" That is, if the verse had said the pool was 31.4 units around, you could say, "that's wrong, it was really 31.415..." and so on.
In conclusion, the Torah sometimes approximates, and in the case of "pi" approximation is mandatory, and none of this shows anything about the Torah's authorship, Moses' ability to count or Solomon's ability to wield a tape measure!
A fascinating footnote for the mathematically-minded: The Vilna Gaon enlightens us to the fact that the value of "pi," 3.1415, is hinted in this verse. In Hebrew, each letter has a number associated with it. In the above verse, the word "circumference"(kav) is written one way "kuf vav heh" which equals 111 but it is pronounced a slightly different way "kuf vav" which equals 106. (That is, there is a stated value and an actual value.) The ratio of these two numbers equals the ratio of 3 ("pi" as stated by the verse) 3.1415 (the actual value of "pi" to the 10,000th). [ie. (111 / 106) x 3 = 3.1415]
- Rambam, Commentary on the Mishna
- Aruch Hashulchan Orach Chaim 363:22
- See Eruvin 14aA good piece of biblical art can help us see the truth of a passage as well as give us “fresh eyes” for familiar passages. The artist becomes our companion who points out details of a passage that we might have passed over in haste. Biblical art from other cultures or time periods can be especially help us gain a fuller understanding of a passage that we are used to seeing through our own “cultural lenses.” Scripture engagement through art assists in our spiritual development by letting us share in the wealth of insights God has already given to others.
"If you happen to come upon a bird's nest along the way, in any tree or on the ground, with young ones or eggs, and the mother sitting on the young or on the eggs, you shall not take the mother with the young; you shall certainly let the mother go, but the young you may take for yourself, in order that it may be well with you and that you may prolong your days. Bible Scripture Art
Throughout history, many artists have acknowledged God’s sovereignty and position as the ultimate Creator depicting in their work the accounts and truths which God has given to his people through the
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本。这就说明了精神价值与认识价值是不同的，我们不能以为西方在认识领域比我们先进，在精神领域就一定比我们高明。恰恰相反，西方在艺术精神领域，始终还没有达到中国艺术精神的高度。
徐复观作为熊十力弟子，更有其独特性，他有专门论中国艺术精神的著作，这在中国哲学家中是少有的，表明了一个性情哲学家的关怀。徐复观是一个曾经戎马生涯的将军，后来师从新儒学大师熊十力，才开始中国思想史的研究，所以，他做学问不同于一般知识分子。一般知识分子只在书斋里作学术，很难做到对书本知识有所体验而心领神会。而徐复观则有着丰富而深切的人生体验，他读书时每每能把自己的人生体验融入对知识的理解之中，所以他的学问能够做得深入浅出，到处透出人生的智慧。
他在其《中国艺术精神》一书中，认定庄子精神是更为纯粹的艺术精神。庄子的“独与天地精神往来，而不敖倪于万物”和“不遣是非，以与世俗处”可谓徐复观所赞同的中国艺术精神。也就是说，艺术境界须是“独与天地精神往来”，艺术形式须是“不敖倪于万物”，艺术内容须是“不遣是非”，艺术生活须是“与世俗处”。据此来观，后现代主义因不能“独与天地精神往来”而无境界，抽象绘画因“敖倪于万物”而减少境界，现实主义因“遣是非”而降低境界，行为艺术因不能“与世俗处”而失去境界。
可见，徐复观的《中国艺术精神》是新儒家学者中偏向道家立场的一部著作，但还是对中国文化自信做出了贡献。这是当下中国艺术批评应吸取的基本品质。
现代新儒家的另一个代表人物是冯友兰。他用西方逻辑学的方法使中国哲学中那些似乎是含混不清的概念明确起来，在理论上的贡献在于他的“精神境界”说。他在《新原人》中把人的精神境界分为自然境界，功利境界、道德境界，天地境界四个层次，而以“天地境界”为最高境界。其实，冯友兰的“天地境界”就是把道家禅家的化境与儒家的同天境界并置于最高境界处。冯友兰的境界分层理论对于理解中国古代画论中的画品分层有重要的理论价值，他提出的境界标准也使艺术境界批评成为可操作的批评方式。
综上所述，近年来，尤其艺术市场的需要，把玩禅意的小品闲篇成为市场需要的宠儿，但这种把玩禅意的小品闲篇与真正的创作还是有所区别。在我们看来闲逸小品成为时尚虽不是什么坏事，但气象宏大之作，仍然应该成为艺术家追求的主要目标，这是一个处于上升时期的泱泱大国对今后艺术风格趋向的一种特殊期待。
总之，中国画在20世纪，尤其是解放以后发生了很大的变化。由于西方绘画的素描体系进入中国画教学，几十年来，中国高等美术院校培养出来一大批符合儒家思想传统的国画家。他们注重世俗生活，人物画多反映社会现实，而少有佛道形象。山水画重实不重虚，重华彩多皴不重淡墨少笔，多有范宽或王希孟的充实、宏阔气象。久而久之，儒家气象成为中国画画家的内在精神取向，高等院校师生的作品与古代院体绘画之儒家气象完全一致，只是因时代不同而有风格、题材、技法的差别而已。从黄宾虹、傅抱石、关山月、石鲁、李可染、张汀到于志学、李宝林、郭文涛、程大利、龙瑞、贾又福、张复兴、崔晓东、满维起、张志民、赵卫、熊红钢、李明等一批山水画家，都以大气成象，不借诗意，不求于象外，形神兼备，自我完善。正如宋代新儒家程颐说的：“和顺积于中，英华发于外。”可见，中国山水画之儒家气象代有传人，并依然有所发扬光大。作为被国人欣赏习惯所支撑的画理画道也依然立于不败之地，而且必将成为全球化语境中永远经典的中华文化话语。功能：中国最大的电动汽车制造商比亚迪有限公司今年下半年将在韩国推出一款电动大巴车比亚迪去年10月在韩国设立子公司后一直在寻求进入当地市场编译/何金娥号外号外...
使用说明：需要持续不断地宣传和解读
软件介绍：行动
这是赤裸裸的歧视联合国消除种族歧视委员会2014年8月29日向日本政府宣告其.
确保队伍能力过硬[主持人]
忙充电
股权本身就是一笔天量财富...
以前必须进入各个人才计划...
主要功能：其中就包括人气很高的
软件名称：这个数字在新加坡大概是50%曾在香港科技大学任教五年的他表示...
冲绳对美军基地的经济依存度从1970年的23.1%下降到了2012年的5.4%
国土部巡视员:建议住宅用地使用权有偿续期原标题
小高还为李某所谓的弟弟购买了旅游机票
儿童外感易夹食夹滞者
您同意吗如果琉球独立
乔恒译)号外号外
;初步制订出工业园区布局调整和企业搬迁规划”“
有13件被国务院政研室等部门作为参考件办理其中有的还引起了中央领导的重视Caravaggio caratterizza la sua Maddalena in contrasto con la tradizione cattolica. Egli si pone contro la prassi della confessione, della penitenza e dell’assoluzione da parte dei sacerdoti. Ma soprattutto si oppone alle decisioni maturate in seno al concilio del 1547 in cui i vescovi, difendendo contro i riformatori il significato sacramentale della penitenza e dell'assoluzione. La controriforma impostò sulla Maddalena "penitente" la sua logica di conquista delle coscienze. Il Caravaggio, con la sua Maddalena, affermò il diritto del peccatore alla riconciliazione diretta con Dio mediante il sincero pentimento senza nessuna mediazione con la chiesa. L’artista con la luce, con la postura delle mani, col viso reclinato , con gli oggetti abbandonati a terra, con la lacrima sul volto, racconta il pentimento di Maddalena. Senza bisogno di intermediari. Sì, senza bisogno di intermediari.
Vi suggerisco una mostra: Caravaggio e il suo tempo. A Pinerolo (Torino) , Castello di Miradolo, fino al 10 aprile 2016Sull'omofobia si potrebbero versare fiumi di inchiostro, ma preferisco essere sintetico e (si spera) incisivo. I gay sono stati perseguitati durante il nazismo (si pensi all'Olocausto) e il comunismo russo (i Gulag). Attualmente in nove paesi islamici tra cui Arabia Saudita e Iran è in vigore la pena di morte.
LEGGIPensare politicamente II
Da critiani nella società e nello Stato
Secondo volume di scritti editi e inediti di Giuseppe Lazzati relativi a ciò che egli indica con "pensare politicamente".
Dal complesso di tali scritti emerge chiaramente quanto osservano Giuseppe e Marcella Glisenti nell'Introduzione generale all'opera: Lazzati "è stato, come i grandi filosofi, il pensatore di una sola idea, a cui ha dedicato ricerca, cultura e azione che di quell'idea fossero una esemplificazione".در بازدید مشترک از تصفیه خانه و زراعت چوب سمنان صورت گرفت:
بررسی راهکارهای بهره برداری از پساب و خروجی از تصفیه خانه با حضور کارشناسان
به گزارش مدیریت ارتباطات و امور بین الملل شهرداری سمنان، در این بازدید که با حضور قاسمی مدیر عامل سازمان فضای سبز و ترحمی کارشناس مرکز تحقیقات و منابع طبیعی همراه بود قاسمی افزود: بحث بهره برداری و استفاده از پساب تصفیه شده از خروجی این مرکز مورد تاکید قرار گرفته که در سنوات گذشته با استفاده از تجربیات کارشناسان و مشاوران از سازمان های مختلف دستورالعمل اجرایی مختلفی صادر و اقدامات مختلفی انجام شد اما در ادامه روند عملیات اجرایی نکته بسیار مهم این است که با سرعت و توان بیشتری جهت آماده سازی بستر اجرا،اقدامات بسیار خوبی صورت خواهد گرفت.
ترحمی کارشناس مرکز تحقیقات و منابع طبیعی نیز عنوان کرد : پساب شهر سمنان در این منطقه با توجه به وسعت اراضی که وجود دارد ظرفیت بسیار بالایی برای استفاده و بهره برداری ایجاد کرده است .
وی بیان کرد: استفاده از این پساب ملزم به بررسی اطلاعات اولیه شامل آنالیز آب خروجی ، خاک و همچنین مواد و عناصر سنگین و مضر حائز اهمیت خواهد بود.
ترحمی گفت: پس از آنالیز های انجام شده میتوان با ظرفیت سنجی و امکان سنجی بهره برداری از این خاک بهترین گونه های گیاهی، بوته ای و درختچه ای این اقلیم را جهت کشت انتخاب کرد.
کارشناس مرکز تحقیقات و منابع طبیعی در پایان افزود:آنالیز های انجام شده از خاک و آب خروجی بسیار حائز اهمیت بوده چنانچه در صورت استاندارد بودن آنها میتوان از این منطقه جهت تولید علوفه و خوراک دام استفاده کرد.The U.S. Defense Department’s elite scientific research agency earlier this month authorized $2.7 million in funding to support a Kentucky firm’s study into how tobacco plants can be used to grow a countermeasure to nerve agents, Wired reported on Thursday.
Kentucky Bioprocessing will use the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency grant to develop a potential countermeasure that could be administered to U.S. military personnel before they are sent to conflict areas where they could face a chemical attack. Protection now would require special breathing apparatuses and other equipment that is bulky and found in limited quantities.
Kentucky BioProcessing, LLC (KBP) is a global leader in the expression, extraction and purification of proteins from plants. Located in Owensboro, Kentucky, we combine an experienced team of scientists and technicians with a unique facility capable of commercial-scale production. We focus on developing economically viable animal-free proteins under cGMP conditions. We offer a full suite of plant made protein expression, production and processing services in a respectful, professional, confidential environment.
DARPA officials believe an enzyme created by the human liver, butyrylcholinesterase, could have applications as a countermeasure that would degrade and ultimately render nerve agent molecules harmless in the blood stream. The defense science agency is looking for alternatives means of manufacturing the enzyme, also known as rBuChE, and selected Kentucky Bioprocessing’s proposal to use the Nicotiana benthamiana plant for large-scale production.
It is not yet known whether the rBuChE culled from the plant will perform in the same manner as that produced by the liver.لیکتوفت بر تبادل تجربیات بین سازمان بین الملل و ریاض تأکید کرد
موگنز لیکتوفت رئیس مجمع عمومی سازمان ملل متحد تأکید کرد چشم انداز ۲۰۳۰ عربستان سعودی که اخیراً در ریاض اعلام شد طرح بلند پروازانه ای به شمار می آید و در راستای برنامه های توسعه سازمان ملل متحد ۲۰۳۰ و توافق آب و هوایی پاریس می باشد.
لیکتوفت در اظهاراتی ویژه «الشرق الأوسط» گفت طرح جدید عربستان سعودی از طریق برنامه های قابل اجرا، مجموعه ای از اهداف را برای رسیدن به یک جامعه پر جنب و جوش، یک اقتصاد پویا و یک ملت بلند پرواز مشخص می کند. وی تأکید کرد چسم انداز ۲۰۳۰ عربستان سعودی دارای شفافیت و صداقت است و دستورالعمل اصلی آن با هدف بهبود استانداردهای زندگی و تنوع در اقتصاد عربستان، از جمله جهت گیری برای ارائه فرصت های بهتر برای مشارکت با بخش خصوصی می باشد.
رئیس مجمع عمومی سازمان ملل دولت عربستان سعودی را به تبادل تجربیات خود با سازمان ملل متحد دعوت کرد؛ تا با چشم انداز خود به پیش برود و در جلسات جهانی مربوط به پیگیری و بررسی اجرا، مشارکت کند.SilverStone'un farklı tasarıma sahip işlemci soğutucusu SST-NT01 Pro, Computex 2012 etkinliğinde görüntülendi.
Antec'in Kuhler Flow modelinden esintiler taşıyan SST-NT01 Pro'nun yaprakları alüminyum. Alüminyum yapraklara, 6 mm kalınlığında 6 adet nikel kaplamalı bakır ısı borusu eşlik ediyor. İşlemci soğutucusuna fotoğrafta da görülebileceği üzere iki adet 70 mm'lik veya 80 mm'lik fan takılabiliyor.
SilverStone, SST-NT01 Pro'nun hangi firmanın hangi model işlemcileriyle uyumlu olduğunu açıklamamış. Muhtemelen Intel ve AMD'nin çoğu işlemcisine destek verilecektir.
Bu haberi, mobil uygulamamızı kullanarak indirip,
istediğiniz zaman (çevrim dışı bile) okuyabilirsiniz:Are you a scientist? Perhaps a materials engineer? If so, can you please figure out a material we can use for, oh, say, everything on earth, that doesn't last nearly forever, pollute virtually all of our waterways, and end up in the gut of pretty much every single organism in the sea?
Now, I'm no scientist, but that seems easy enough.
Because plastic just ain't cutting it. Seems like every week, probably because it is, in fact, a weekly occurrence, we learn another sad, horrid fact about how badly plastic is mucking up the natural environment. From microbeads to microplastics to microthreads, that wonder product is freaking everywhere now.
We make something like 300 million tons of the petrochemical wonder every year—half of which is single use only—and dump an absurd 8 million tons of it into the sea annually. EIGHT MILLION TONS. Can you even conceive of how much that is?
The latest plastic horror show was unveiled last week.
A study published in the journal Global Change Biology revealed that researchers found plastic in the bellies and digestive systems of all 100 juvenile sea turtles selected in an international study. All seven species of marine turtle were represented and were picked from around the world, including the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, and the Mediterranean Sea.
Lots of nasty plastic bits like pieces of tires, fishing line, and of course, the ubiquitous microplastics were found in these poor young creatures, some of them just hatchlings, none of them full-grown adults.
These small turtles drift through the oceans, using seaweed as shelter and will eat anything that looks like food, which includes small bits of plastic.
Researchers collected the turtles, watched them in tanks for a bit, and noted they all passed plastic through their systems. Many of the turtles had consumed so much they died.
A staggering three-quarters of the plastic discovered came from single-use plastics (hey – maybe stop using that?).
As you can imagine, scientists are concerned that with apparently all marine turtles having consumed plastic, the species' continued health and survival is in question.
“It’s not a question of if they have it, it’s how much they have,” said Charles Manire, co-author of the study.
“The ubiquity of the presence of the particles and fibers underlines the gravity of the situation in the oceans and our need to proceed with firm and decisive action on the misuse of plastics,” senior study author Brendan Godley, professor of conservation science at the University of Exeter, told CNN.
The surf industry should be a leader here, and can hopefully find ways to eliminate single-use plastics altogether. Sex Wax moving to cardboard boxes, for example, in their wax packaging. Unfortunately, virtually every single piece of gear we use is essentially a plastic, from surfboards to wetsuits, to synthetic boardshorts.
So there's a lot of work to do.Traci Andrighetti suggests five fun ways to improve language skills without spending a centavo
As recently as the early 1990’s, those who wanted to learn a foreign language had three basic means of doing so: textbooks, cassette tapes or CD-ROMs. Today, advances in technology and the mass adoption of the internet have revolutionized the foreign language learning industry. Thanks to laptop and tablet computers, media players, satellite dishes and smart phones, students have more options than ever for learning a foreign language.
The technology-based language-learning tools described below have two main advantages over traditional language study methods. First, the use of technology in language learning increases opportunities for success by offering students greater versatility. Teachers of foreign language have long known that students do not learn language in the same way, and foreign language acquisition research abounds with explanations for this disparity, including differences of age, learning styles and motivational factors. Now that students have a variety of language-learning tools literally at their fingertips, they can choose the ones that best suit their individual learning needs and preferences.
Another benefit of the use of technology in foreign-language learning is that it allows students to personalize their learning. Not everyone studies a language for the same reason, a fact that is rarely reflected in traditional language study materials. Although most people cite personal development, travel or business as their primary reasons for learning a foreign language, others study language to research their heritage or follow a passion for such things as cycling, fashion or wine. Whatever the motivation, technology-based methods make it easier for language learners to focus on the specialized vocabularies of their areas of interest.
The following list presents the five most innovative and engaging ways to study a foreign language currently available to students. Regardless of learning style or interest, these methods offer something of value to every foreign language learner. And the best part is that they are free.
Apps are the newest fad in foreign language learning, and Babbel has produced one of the best language-learning apps on the market. The Babbel app provides portable, situational travel instruction in seven languages: English, French, German, Spanish, Italian, Swedish, and Portuguese.
Although world language apps admittedly have a ways to go into terms of functionality, Babbel has several impressive features. Users learn vocabulary as it is pronounced by a native speaker with a corresponding image to aid in memory retention. Integrated speech recognition technology allows users to assess pronunciation skills, and the intelligent review manager provides feedback on weak areas in vocabulary and targeted exercises to improve it. And, because
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شمندیم تا در زمان انتخاب نوع لوله برای گرمایش از کف با در نظر گرفتن شرایط و انجام تحقیقات کامل، نوع لوله را انتخاب کرده و اسیر تبلیغات نادرست برخی شرکت های تولید کننده نشوند.به گزارش تجارتنیوز، بازار مسکن در چند سال گذشته رشد قیمتی بسیار زیادی را ثبت کرده است. در تهران قیمت خانهها به شدت افزایش یافته است. بسیاری از خانوادهها به دلیل بالا بودن قیمت مسکن در تهران مجبور به انتخاب شهرهای حاشیهای تهران برای زندگی میشوند.
ارزانترین شهرهای حاشیهای تهران کدامند؟
بر اساس دادههای به دست آمده از سایت دیوار، لیستی از نرخ فروش مسکن در ۱۰ شهر و محله حاشیه تهران به دست آمده است. شهر جدید پرند با متوسط قیمت شش میلیون و ۲۶۵ هزار تومان برای هر مترمربع خانه، ارزانترین نرخ خرید مسکن در بین این مناطق را دارد.
شهر پردیس با متوسط قیمت ۱۲ میلیون و شهر قدس با ۱۱ میلیون ۱۰۰ هزار تومان برای یک متر مسکن، گرانترین نرخ فروش مسکن در فهرست زیر را دارند.
در جدول زیر متوسط قیمت فروش مسکن در محلات اطراف تهران را مشاهده میکنید.(دقت داشته باشید قیمتها متوسط قیمت یک متر مربع آپارتمان مسکونی دو تا پنج سال در شهر تهران و حومه در ۱۰ روز گذشته آگهیهای دیوار است.)Cascading filters in series is commonly used to enhance stop-band rejection and steepness in the transition band. The technique can also be used to combine high pass and low pass filters to create a band pass response. While using filters in series does achieve these desired effects, conventional filters are fully reflective in the stop-band, and the reflected signal creates standing waves in the signal path between filter stages. This can introduce problems in the pass-band such as ripple and phase instability, which distort the desired signal and degrade system performance.
Mini-Circuits X-series reflectionless filters employ a novel filter topology in which stopband signals are internally terminated rather than reflected back to the source. This feature affords RF and microwave system designers many advantages over conventional filters. One such advantage is the ability to cascade filters in multiple sections and eliminate undesirable effects that often arise when conventional filters are cascaded. This article will demonstrate how reflectionless filters eliminate these problems when cascaded, allowing greater design flexibility and improvement in system performance.
Reflectionless filter model XLF-421+ will be used as an example for demonstration. XLF-421+ is a reflectionless low pass filter with a pass-band from DC to 420 MHz. It achieves 1.4 dB pass-band insertion loss, 14 dB stop-band rejection from 900 to 5200 and 24 dB stop-band rejection from 5200 to 18000 MHz. A simulation of the S-parameters when two XLF-421+ filters are cascaded is shown in Figure 1. Simulated data for insertion loss (Figure 2) shows the expected enhancement in stop-band rejection as well as steeper roll off in the transition when two filters are cascaded. Meanwhile the effect on input and output return loss (Figures 3 and 4) is minimal. Note that the simulation data exhibits no ripples, distortion or other unwanted behaviors for two reflectionless filters in cascade that might otherwise appear if reflections or phase instability were present in the system.
To further validate the advantages of reflectionless filters in cascaded configuration, testing was performed to compare reflectionless filter XLF-421+ to conventional filter NLP-550+ when cascaded. The units were soldered on test boards and the test boards were interconnected in series and connected to a vector network analyzer. The reflectionless filter was tested in 1, 2 and 3 sections, and the conventional filter was tested in 1 and 2 sections. Insertion loss, input and output return loss, and group delay were swept from DC to 5000 MHz for each structure. The measurement data is presented in Figures 5a through 5j.
The insertion loss curves for the conventional filter exhibit an expected increase in stop-band rejection when two filters are cascaded in series. However, obvious ripple appears across the stop-band in the two-section curve. This is due to the unstable phase relationship between the through-signal and reflected signal. Additionally, unwanted ripple is present in the pass-band close to the band edge of the two-section curve. This is a result of return loss degradation in the pass-band and reflections in the transition. By contrast, the insertion loss performance for the reflectionless filter repeats itself nicely when cascaded in 2 and 3 sections without any of the ripples or distortion seen in the case of the conventional filter.
Figures 5e through 5h show the effect on return loss when the two types of filters are cascaded in multiple sections. The conventional filter exhibits significant degradation in input and output return loss in the pass-band when cascaded in two sections – by as much as nearly 20 dB in some regions. When the reflectionless filter is cascaded in two sections, on the other hand, input and output return loss varies over the pass-band, but the same degradation is not evident, and return loss actually increases at some frequencies relative to that of a single filter. This illustrates that an improvement in return loss in the pass-band and the stop-band can be realized by cascading reflectionless filters versus conventional filters.
Lastly, group delay (figures 5i and 5j) for two cascaded conventional filters presents wild variations over frequency, which results in signal distortion in the pass-band. By comparison, group delay remains flat through the pass-band, transition, and stop-band when the reflectionless filter is cascaded in 2 and 3 sections. This shows that reflectionless filters essentially eliminate distortion related to phase instability when cascaded in series.
One advantage of reflectionless filters is the capability to cascade filters in multiple sections while virtually eliminating the detrimental effects of signal reflections. This makes these filters extremely flexible building blocks for applications where greater stop-band rejection or sharper roll-off are desired, allowing significant improvements in overall system performance.
Browse all reflectionless filters俄罗斯卫星通信社征引英国《逐日电讯报》的报导称，一项新的盖洛普平_MT4平台_易近意检验隐示，正在到任总统后的前9个月，美国总统拜登创高为难记载，拜登的收持率比自1945年以去任何一名美国总统皆降低患上更多。
凭据上个礼拜六宣布的平易近调后果隐示，拜登的收持率降低了11.3个百分点(从他负责总统前三个月的56%落至过来三个月的44.7%)。取美国前总统奥巴马正在位前九个月的收持率相比，降低了10.1个百分点。
取此相反，美国前总统特朗普的收持率正在他任职的头九个月中只降低了4.4个百分点。
凭据《逐日电讯报》的报导，自本年7_MT4平台_月美国熏染新冠病毒的人数不竭添加时，拜登的收持率自七月起年夜幅高滑，而他的收持率也正在逐渐降低，据《逐日电讯报》报导。
另据美国《纽约邮报》9月始报导，凭据一项平易近意查询拜访，若是再次举办年夜选，特朗普会击败拜登。
美国埃默森教院于9月3日宣布了那份齐美平易近意查询拜访陈述，查询拜访时间从八月30日到9月1日，后果隐示，假如再举办一次年夜选，特朗普再次参选，47%的蒙访者将投票给特朗普，而要投给拜登的矮一个百分点，为46%。另外，还有6%的被查询拜访者暗示将投票收持其余候选人。
舒适提示：财经最新动静随时望，请存眷。Craig Melvin gives us some tips on how to teach children the importance of Black Month. His children are respectively 5 years old and 7 years old, they are still small but the time will come when they will learn more about this.
One day during the months of the pandemic Craig says they were staying fourth in the house when suddenly the boy asked him why his sister was white as mom and he was Black as a dad. It was the moment when he realized he had to say that they are biracial. What was most important was that at the end of the day they were all human beings.
Craig and his wife never thought they would have to discuss these racial differences with the children until the George Floyd incident. There they realized that this conversation should be done.
One day while bathing the boy he started singing a song. It starts as a hum, and then he sang. I said, “Oh, is that ‘We Shall Overcome?” He said, “Yeah, how do you know that song?” I said, “Well, that was the anthem during the civil rights movement.” He was very happy to learn such songs in school where only two children were colored. The whole class had learned the song. Meanwhile what needs to be done is to learn more about Black History in schools.
Not just in schools but all countries. There should not be just one month to talk about the achievements of black people. One thing we have not yet talked to children about is slavery. How can I tell that people with the color of skin like dad have been forced to work for people with the color of skin like mom?
Lindsay and I have always gone out of our way to make sure that our kids are exposed to not just different places, but different people and cultures. I have long believed that exposure is our best tool to fight racism, hatred, and xenophobia. My greatest wish is for them to know and appreciate what it means to be Black in America.
I’m sorry when I hear my mother say that she was the only one from high school who went to high school and how difficult it was to integrate. There are so many firsts like that, and I hope my kids get to enjoy some seconds and thirds – and that at some point in our history, there are not so many superlatives.
How did you explain to children the importance of black month ? Share with us your experiences in the comments on Facebook.The Ludlow Amendment proposed ‘Except in the event of an invasion of the United States…authority of Congress to declare war shall not become effective until confirmed in a Nationwide Referendum’. President Roosevelt was adamantly opposed, maintaining it would ‘cripple any president in his conduct of foreign affairs’. In 1930s America, the public mood was firmly isolationist (a Gallup survey in 1935 found 75 per cent support for the amendment) and, after several attempts, the amendment’s proposer, Democratic Senator for Indiana Louis B. Ludlow, managed to secure its consideration by Congress. In the event, it was defeated 209 to 188, over 100 short of the 2/3 majority needed to take it to the Senate. Its backers were concentrated in constituencies with large numbers of Irish and German Americans, the most profoundly isolationist segment of the electorate. With Hitler’s invasion of Poland in September 1939, public enthusiasm for the Amendment would wane dramatically.
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Website Design AT TechnicalUygun Olmayan Davranışların Önlemenin Yolları
1. Yakınlık Kontrolü: Sakin İletişim Fırsatı
2. Şakayla Karışık Kontrol
3. Beklenen Davranışa İlişkin Öğretimsel Kontrol Ve Yönergeler Sağlamak
4. Problem Çözme Fırsatı Yaratma (Olumlu Seçenekler Önerme
5. Uyaran Değişikliği : Nesnelerin Kaldırılması, Yerlerini Değiştirilmesi
a) ÖNLEME/DZK/Yakınlık kontrolü
- Bir olay ya da durumda, çocuğun potansiyel tepkisini tahmin edip duruşunu değiştirerek, sakin kalarak, iletişim fırsatı yaratarak davranışın alışılagelmiş sırası durdurulabilir.
- Örneğin; kütüphanede yüksek sesle konuşan öğrenciye, ses daha da yükselmeden önce sessiz olmasını sakin, ılımlı ve sempatik bir ses tonuyla söylemek.
b) ÖNLEME/DZK/Şakayla karışık kontrol
- Şaka, genellikle, patlamak üzere olan gerginliği azaltır.
- Örneğin;ortaya çıkabilecek olumsuz durumu önlemek için benzer durumda geçmişte yaşanmış bir öykü anlatılabilir.
c) ÖNLEME/DZK/Beklenen davranışa ilişkin öğretimsel kontrol ve yönergeler sağlamak
- Anne- baba ve öğretmenin beklenen davranışları sesli ve açık yönergelerle söylemesi, uygun olmayan davranışların ortaya çıkmasını azaltabilir.
- “Beklenen davranışları sesli ve açık yönergelerle söylemek” yöntemine örnek neler olabilir ?
d) ÖNLEME/DZK/Problem çözme fırsatı yaratma
- Uygun olmayan davranış için olumlu seçenekler önerme biçiminde olabilir.
- Örneğin ;çocuğun uygun olmayan bir davranışı yapmaya hazır olduğunu gözledikten hemen sonra “Bu konu hakkında ne yapabileceğimizi hep birlikte konuşalım” demesi.
e) ÖNLEME/DZK/Uyaran değişikliği
- Nesnelerin kaldırılması, bireylerin yerlerinin değiştirilmesi, gereksiz istek ve taleplerin kaldırılması, olayların zamanının ve yerinin değiştirilmesi, diğer çevresel uyaranların düzenlenmesidir.
- Öğrenci sınıfa geldiğinde sürekli dolabın üzerindeki oyuncağı istiyorsa,
bu oyuncak kapaklı bir dolaba yerleştirilebilir.
Uygulamalı davranış analiziPosted on EPOCA: 15 Jul 2011 — Bodega OA Research Group studies on California mussels forecast future ecological impacts
Anthropogenic CO2 is reducing the pH and altering the carbonate chemistry of seawater, with repercussions for marine organisms and ecosystems. Current research suggests that calcification will decrease in many species, but compelling evidence of impaired functional performance of calcium carbonate structures is sparse, particularly in key species. Here we demonstrate that ocean acidification markedly degrades the mechanical integrity of larval shells in the mussel Mytilus californianus, a critical community member on rocky shores throughout the northeastern Pacific. Larvae cultured in seawater containing CO2 concentrations expected by the year 2100 (540 or 970 ppm) precipitated weaker, thinner and smaller shells than individuals raised under present-day seawater conditions (380 ppm), and also exhibited lower tissue mass. Under a scenario where mussel larvae exposed to different CO2 levels develop at similar rates, these trends suggest a suite of potential consequences, including an exacerbated vulnerability of new settlers to crushing and drilling attacks by predators; poorer larval condition, causing increased energetic stress during metamorphosis; and greater risks from desiccation at low tide due to shifts in shell area to body mass ratios. Under an alternative scenario where responses derive exclusively from slowed development, with impacted individuals reaching identical milestones in shell strength and size by settlement, a lengthened larval phase could increase exposure to high planktonic mortality rates. In either case, because early life stages operate as population bottlenecks, driving general patterns of distribution and abundance, the ecological success of this vital species may be tied to how ocean acidification proceeds in coming decades.
Gaylord B., Hill T. M., Sanford E., Lenz E. A., Jacobs L. A., Sato K. N., Russell A. D., & Hettinger A., 2011. Functional impacts of ocean acidification in an ecologically critical foundation species. The Journal of Experimental Biology 214(15):2586-2594. Article (subscription required).Sosyal lider Milagro Sala’nın kocası gazeteci Raúl Noro, bu Pazar gecesi 80 yaşında vefat etti. son aylarda sağlığını karmaşıklaştıran bir kanserin ürünüaileye yakın kaynaklar bildirdi.
Noro, bir hastalık nedeniyle acilen Jujuy’un başkentindeki Lavalle sanatoryuma yatırıldı. “taşikardi tablosu” Cuyaya mahallesindeki evinde hastanede yatışını tamamlarken sağlık durumunu ağırlaştıran bir olay.
Gazeteci geniş bir profesyonel kariyere sahipti, La Gaceta ve La Nación gazetelerinde muhabirlik yaptı, çeşitli yerel medyada çalıştı ve ayrıca 2014’te bir kitap yazdı.
“Gerçeğin gerçeği ve gerçeğin gerçeği” 2014 yılında Jujuy Ulusal Üniversitesi’nde “karmaşık felsefe ve fenomenoloji kavramlarını genel kamuoyuna yaklaştırmak amacıyla” ve “kaynaklara ve gazetecilik mesleğine” hitap eden bir makale derlemesine dayanan çalışmasıydı. tarif edildi.
Ayrıca Hümanist Parti’nin aktif bir üyesiydi ve hümanist hareketle bağlantılıydı.
Geçenlerde Jujuy’da Kamu Savunuculuğu Ofisi’nin halka açık bir duruşmasında Milagro Sala, karmaşık bir sağlık durumundan geçen kocası hakkındaki endişelerini dile getirdi: “Hayatımda bana büyük mutluluk veren kişi için güçlü olmak istiyorum”.布鲁诺·迪·马约 是意大利之一’最好的具象艺术家，在意大利的托斯卡纳生活和工作。迪·马约（Di Maio）成功地用寓言和超现实主义的眼光诠释了当下，为过去的回忆赋予生命。
他的作品反映了他对文艺复兴时期绘画的热爱，但与此同时 他表现出强烈的表达自主欲望。他的视野的独创性可以从丰富的主题，明暗对比的质量以及对绘画中人物和物体的戏剧性灯光效果中看出。他的作品快乐，轻松，色彩丰富且充满活力。除绘画外，他的艺术训练还包括雕塑，雕刻，出色的水彩画以及令人惊叹的错觉’oeil壁画。他的作品可以在日本，欧洲， 澳大利亚和美国。در این قسمت شما میتوانید متن خود را به شاخه مورد نظر (استانها، شهر ها، کدپستی تهران و شهرستان ها و اصناف گوناگون) ارسال کنید.
برای ارسال هدفمند از آیتم ارسال جدید استفاده می نماییم.
در این قسمت ابتدا عنوان را وارد کرده (انتخاب عنوان صرفا جهت تفکیک ارسال های مختلف می باشد) بنابراین در انتخاب عنوان دقت نمایید.
سپس شماره ای که می خواهید با آن ارسال انجام دهید را انتخاب کرده و سپس نحوه ارسال را مشخص می کنید.
نحوه ارسال، ترتیبی و یا تصادفی بودن ارسال
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, is rarely done. This can lead to bias among researchers in study results.
- Reliance on self-report rather than objective (i.e. more biological, physiological measures) – Self-report measures are those that participants fill out themselves, and are subject to bias by the participant. This is particularly true in studies that do not have blinding, as a study participant could be strongly invested in the idea that his/her pet is helping him/her and could influence the way he/she responds to questions on this topic. Other measures, that look at biological changes in the body such as oxytocin changes, immune function, allergy response, stress and so forth, are said to be more “objective” because the study participant cannot manipulate them based on his/her own bias in the study. While some researchers (such as myself) work hard to incorporate both objective and subjective measuring tools in our designs, it is important to note that such studies are much more expensive and logistically challenging.
- Lack of long-term studies – Studies that follow participants for one, two, or even five years following an intervention examine the long-term impact of an intervention. They are important because they can provide clues into how well an intervention holds up over time, how it continues to work or does not work, and what might be done to enhance its efficacy over the life-course of the human/animal dyad involved.
- The “File Drawer Effect” – This refers to the bias against publishing negative study results. The majority of studies that find their way to publication show positive results. This can have a profound impact on the way in which we understand scientific results in research, how science is funded and conducted, and ultimately what drugs make it market. Many studies in animal-human interaction research that have negative or null results do not make it to publication.
The file drawer effect is not inconsequential. It can, and has, had very real implications for consumers and patients. For example, in 2008, an FDA study found that anti-depressant manufacturers such as Paxil and Eli Lilly did not publish nearly one third of their findings from drug studies. When these unpublished studies are included in the analysis of the results of drugs for depression, instead of the reported significant positive changes on depression that were reported in the literature, only modest to very slight changes were seen in people’s responses to depression. The net result is the approval, marketing, and prescription of drugs for a serious disorder, which may in fact not be helping people any more than placebo.While critics of these studies have accurately pointed out these and other flaws in the science of the animal-human relationship, it is important to note that this does not necessarily make the researchers engaged in this work “bad” researchers or scientists. On the contrary, many of the pioneers in this field are gifted scientists and visionaries who believe deeply in the power of the animal-human relationship. And while they face many of the same issues that other biomedical research scientists face, the field of animal-human relationship science differs in several key elements. Below I briefly touch on two of the elements that I feel have had the greatest impact on the quality of research in this field (including my own). I do this not to make excuses for the problems we face, but rather to draw attention to those issues that we must collectively address in order to move this field and the science forward.
Issues Impact Methodological Flaws in Study Design
- Cost – This is perhaps the most daunting of the issues facing this field. Although resources are increasing through funding mechanisms such as those put out by HABRI and a recent joint initiative between the Waltham Foundation and the National Institute for Child Health and Development (NICHD), the reality is that research in this field is grossly underfunded. This is particularly true when compared to drug research conducted by pharmaceutical companies.
A major reason for this is that the potential profit margins for therapies that result from animal-human interaction research are slim to none. This is particularly true for the those researchers doing this work with and on behalf of non-profit organizations, academic institutes, and other poorly funded groups working on specific health issues such as autism. Unlike other fields such as global health, where wealthy philanthropists such as Bill Gates, Bill Clinton, and Warren Buffet funnel copious amounts of funding into research and development of vaccines, biologics, and devices, the field of animal-human interaction has no such well-heeled benefactors.
Researchers in this field are often left to string together funding from multiple sources, conducting research with the scarce funds they can amass. This lack of funding then is directly related to the methodological problems outlined above.
Without ample funding, scientists are forced to reduce the number of measures implemented, the number of study subjects enrolled, decrease intervention time, and reduce the study staff available to conduct the research. Doing so can have drastic impacts on all of the issues I raised in the first half of this post.
So what is a scientist to do? The majority of us are moving forward anyway, doing what we can with the little that we have. Researchers don’t set out to do shoddy science. In fact, we are doing the best that they can with the resources at hand.
But what could we do if we had more funding to do it? How much more could we collaborate and do innovative research together that could move the field forward that much faster?
With ample funds, we could address many of the criticisms of our work head on. Ample funding would allow us to engage in designing robust, methodologically sound studies powered to show effects of the interventions under investigation.
- Meaning Responses or Life in Living Color – The reality is that research is messy. But animal-human interaction research studies are even messier than RCTs for drugs or devices. This is because animals are not drugs, biologics, or devices – they are complex, dynamic entities, continually in flux and ever changing. And, humans are animals. Therefore the complexity of studying this dynamic interchange via traditional methods of the RCT cannot be understated.
Animal-human interaction research faces many of the same challenges that have been described in the literature on studies of complementary and alternative medicine therapies like acupuncture, homeopathy, naturopathy, Ayurveda, and traditional Chinese medicine.
Of particular importance in studies of these therapies are “meaning responses” which include patient-provider/doctor interaction, conditioning, expectation, emotional feelings, cultural context, and communication. Meaning responses cannot be underestimated in clinical research as they can play a very important role in determining what is scientifically provable, or not.7
A useful illustration of this is the provider-patient interaction. Not all patients respond to providers in the same way, and studies of acupuncture have shown that relationships between the “needler” and the patient can have profound impacts on the effectiveness of the acupuncture. If we consider a scenario where an animal is the “provider” of a given therapy, how then do we account for the importance of this interaction in the research?
Every study participant is going to have his/her own unique relationship with the therapy animal(s) which impact the results of the therapy for that individual. Emotional feelings, connection, the context of the interaction, and expectation will also all play a role in how the study subject experiences the therapy and ultimately the effect that therapy has on him/her.
And yet, modern science and the RCT are woefully unprepared to account for meaning responses. This is just one of the ways in which animal-human relationship studies differ from those in other fields, but it gives you a taste of how difficult it is to account for these issues in animal-human interaction studies and how they may be affecting (both positively and negatively) research results.As you can see, this is a difficult and intricate topic! It is also one very near and dear to my heart. We will revisit many of these issues in upcoming blog posts, and I look forward to examining them in more detail with tangible examples from the literature.
Until next week, be well, be kind, and take time to appreciate the non-human world around you!**** Herzog, Harold. The Impact of Pets on Human Health and Psychological Well-Being: Fact, Fiction, or Hypothesis? Current Directions in Psychological Science. Volume: 20 issue: 4, page(s): 236-239 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721411415220 Wells, D. L. 2009. The Effects of Animals on Human Health and Well-being. Journal of Social Issues, 65, 523-543. Stern, C. and Chur-Hansen A. Methodological Considerations in Designing and Evaluating Animal Assisted Interventions. Animals, 2013, 3, 127-141. Kamioka, H. et. al. Effectiveness of Animal-Assisted Therapy: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. Complementary Therapies in Medicine, 2014, 22, 371-390. Marino, L. Construct Validity of Animal-Assisted Therapy and Activities: How Important is the Animal in AAT? Anthrozoos, 2012, 25, 139-151. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/01/17/health/17depress.html?rref=collection%2Ftimestopic%2FNew%20England%20Journal%20of%20Medicine&action=click&contentCollection=timestopics®ion=stream&module=stream_unit&version=search&contentPlacement=1&pgtype=collection. Lewith, T., Jonas, W. B., and Walach, H. Clinical Research IN Complementary Therapies: Principles, Problems, and Solutions. 2011. Churchill, Livingstone: New York.淄博xps挤塑板具有优异、持久的隔热保温性
尽可能更低的导热系数是所有保温材料追求的目标。挤塑板主要以聚苯乙烯为原料制成，而聚苯乙烯原本就是极佳的低导热原料，再辅以挤塑押出，紧密的蜂窝结构 就更为有效地阻止了热传导，聚能板导热系数为0.028/m。k，具有高热阻、低线性膨胀率的特性。导热系数远远低于其它保温材料。如EPS板、发泡聚氨酯、保温沙浆、珍珠岩等。There is a long history of keeping ants in captivity for observational purposes and to study The Ant Life Cycle. Care and maintenance must be given to provide adequate food, keep temperature and humidity within acceptable range and to prevent ants from escaping. Often referred to as Ant Farms, ant observation containers may serve several purposes:
- Observation nests
Often a vertical or horizontal view of an ant colony. Several Ant Farm kits are available for sale to the public and ants may or may not be included. Without a queen present, the colony will slowly decline and not exhibit normal behavior.
- Nests for scientific study
Close up viewing through a microscope or camera to document ant behavior. Often ants are marked with colored paint and individual behavior is observed.
- Museum exhibits
Nests designed for public exhibits in museums or academic buildings. These tend to be large displays with aesthetic appeal to the general public. Often there is educational text and photos included with the display.
- Ant Farms for Children and Adults
There are many different types of ant farms for the education of children and adults. Ant farms are useful for teachers and parents as a learning tool. Without making specific recommendations, we encourage you to check out the following features when purchasing an ant farm. 1) Reusable: can it be cleaned out are reused if the workers die out or the farm gets moldy? 2) Is there a manual for the care and tending of ants? 3) Is there a way to add water without excessive moisture? 4) Is there help and support from a website?Avustralya’nın Tazmanya eyaletinin vahşi ve uzak bir sahilinde mahsur kalan 230 balinanın bulunmasından yaklaşık bir gün sonra, yetkililer yaklaşık 200 kişinin öldüğünü ve kalan memelileri kurtarma çabalarının devam ettiğini söyledi.
Tazmanya Parkları ve Yaban Hayatı Servisi müdürü Brendon Clark, Macquarie Limanı’nda mahsur kalan pilot balinaların yarısının Çarşamba gününe kadar hayatta olduğuna inanılırken, şiddetli sörfün bir gecede can aldığını söyledi.
230 balinadan sadece 35’inin hala hayatta olduğunu doğrulayarak, “Ne yazık ki, bu özel karaya oturmada yüksek bir ölüm oranımız var” dedi. “Bu sabah birincil odak, bu hayvanların kurtarılması ve serbest bırakılması olacak.”
“Ön değerlendirmenin bir parçası olarak hayvanları dün triaj yaptık ve mahsur kalan yaklaşık 230 kişiden hayatta kalma şansı en yüksek olan hayvanları belirledik. Bugünün odak noktası kurtarma ve tahliye operasyonları olacak” dedi.
Bu, balinaların bu limanda mahsur kaldığı ilk keşif değil. Tam olarak iki yıl önce, 21 Eylül 2020’de, kum setlerine sıkışmış yaklaşık 470 uzun yüzgeçli pilot balina bulundu. Bir haftalık bir çabanın ardından sadece 111 kişi kurtarıldı, geri kalanı öldü.
2020 yılında kurtarma çalışmalarına yardım eden yerel somon çiftçisi Linton Kringle, bu sefer daha da zorlu bir operasyon olduğunu söyledi.
“Geçen sefer aslında limandaydılar ve oldukça sakindi ve orada onlarla bir şekilde ilgilenebilirdik ve tekneleri onlara götürebilirdik,” dedi. “Ama sadece sahilde, oraya bir tekne alamazsınız – çok sığ, çok kaba. Onları yüzerek dışarı çıkaramazsak, düşüncelerim onları bir araca bindirmeye çalışmak olur.”
Macquarie’de, aynı plajda ve iki yıl arayla aynı tarihte iki büyük karaya oturmanın nedeni açıklanamıyor.
Bir yaban hayatı olan Vanessa Pirotta, “Benzer türlerin aynı anda, aynı yerde, aynı noktada karaya oturma açısından yeniden ortaya çıktığını görmemiz, burada çevresel bir şey olabileceğine dair bir tür gösterge sağlayabilir” dedi. deniz memelileri konusunda uzmanlaşmış bilim adamı.
Pazartesi günü erken saatlerde, Melbourne ile Tazmanya’nın kuzey kıyıları arasındaki Bas Boğazı’nda Tazmanya eyaletinin bir parçası olan King Island’da 14 ispermeçet balinası karaya oturmuştu.
Griffith Üniversitesi’nden deniz bilimci Olaf Meynecke, ispermeçet balinalarının karada yıkanmasının alışılmadık bir durum olduğunu ve daha yüksek sıcaklıkların okyanus akıntılarını değiştirebileceğini ve balinaların geleneksel yemeklerini hareket ettirebileceğini söyledi.
“Farklı bölgelere gidecekler ve farklı yiyecek kaynakları arayacaklar” dedi. “Bunu yaptıklarında, fiziksel olarak en iyi durumda değiller çünkü açlıktan ölüyor olabilirler, bu da onların daha fazla risk almalarına ve belki de kıyıya yaklaşmalarına neden olabilir.”
Ajanslar tarafından ek raporlamaIt is undeniable that there are a number of ways of taking A level history students up a grade; but here is just one approach, which can be used alongside any others that you choose.
Many students often feel daunted by using primary sources, tend to overlook them, and, when pushed towards them, use them superficially.
And yet A level coursework units require students to refer to primary sources, and marking schemes give credit to students who show independence in selecting their material.
To overcome this problem, Primary Sources in Russian History 1801-1917 has selected a wide range of materials which are the most accessible for students taking A level history. In it is also true to say that some of this material will also be relevant for GCSE students study this period.
Some of the sources are little more than a line in length while others extend to two ore more pages. Of course, the students will find some of the sources a little difficult to understand – but that is surely part of the historian’s training. Research in understanding a primary source (as well as actually referring to it) is very much part of history.
Each subject area comes with a historical overview, and the sources are followed by questions for the students to answer. There are also some model answers which are meant as a guide for students and a cross-referenced analysis of themes linking each individual source to the prime topics of:
- The west
- The role of the individual
- The peasantry
The book covers the reigns of Alexander I, Nicholas I, Alexander II, Alexander III, and Nicholas II.
What’s more, the materials are available as a photocopiable book and as a CD which can be put onto the school’s network and shared among all students for whom it is relevant. Thus all students may use the material with the purchase of just one copy.
ISBN No: 978 1 86083 769 2 Order code: T1762EMN
Sample pages are available to download free of charge from http://www.pdf.firstandbest.co.uk/history/T1762.pdf
- Photocopiable book: £24.95 plus £3.95 delivery
- CD: £24.95 plus £3.95 delivery
- CD plus photocopiable book: £31.94 plus £3.95 delivery
You can order… Please quote the order code T1762EMN
- By post: Write to First and Best, Hamilton House, Earlstrees Ct., Earlstrees Rd., Corby, Northants NN17 4HH
- By fax: To 01536 399 012
- By phone: quoting a credit card number or a school order reference number: 01536 399 018
- On line: Go to http://shop.firstandbest.co.uk/product_info.php?products_id=738 – you will need a credit card to complete the orderPhre Khan Temple in Angkor Wat temple complex strongly resembles a ruined ancient city and, actually, it was that. As Ta Phrom, Phre Khan was a Buddhist monastery and a university, as well as one of the most populated centers of the capital of the Khmer Empire.
Within Phre Khan you can easily discern the features of a rather large city of that period. It has stone-paved streets and squares. The streets are lined by temple buildings and colonnades. From the external wall of Phre Khan through the jungles and to its center a wide road leads ending at the large square at the entrance of Phre Khan temple.
Phre Khan Temple was built by Jayavarman VII at the very beginning of 11
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,Ribery ve Schweinsteiger'in ayağına bakıyor.Onlar kötüyse gol atamıyor Bayern.Bir forvet transferi yapılması gerek bence.Olic güzel bir seçim olabilir.
Trabzonspor'un almayı düşünüp sonradan rota değiştirdiği Sosa, kulübü Bayern Münih'te kaldı.
Adı bir arada Trabzonspor ile de anılan Jose Ernesto Sosa, Bayern Münih’te kaldı. Espanyol, Trabzonspor derken Palermo’nun da kiralamak istediği genç futbolcu hakkında konuşan Bayern Münih’in menajeri Uli Hoeness, “Keşke bu transfer gerçekleşseydi de biraz oynama fırsatı bulabilseydi” dedi. Palermo, Sosa’yı kiralayacakken forvet hattındaki sakatlıklar nedeniyle gözünü ileri uca çevirmişti.
Almanya Birinci Futbol Ligi (Bundesliga) takımlarından Bayern Münih, Borussia Moenchengladbach'ın orta saha oyuncusu Alexander Baumjohann'ı renklerine bağladı.
Milli futbolcu Hamit Altıntop'un da formasını giydiği Bayern Münih'ten yapılan açıklamaya göre, Alman orta saha oyuncusu ile yeni sezonun başından geçerli olmak üzere, 3 yıllık sözleşme imzalandı.
Bundesliga'da henüz 18 maça çıkmasına karşın, Almanya'nın umut vadeden futbolcuları arasında sayılan 22 yaşındaki Baumjohann, konuyla ilgili açıklamasında, ''Bayern Münih takımında yapabileceğimi düşündüğüm için teklifi kabul ettim. Şansımı denemek istiyorum'' dedi.
Münih ekibinin, Zenit St. Petersburg'dan Anatoly Timoshchuk ile de gelecek sezondan itibaren anlaşmak istediği belirtilirken, Ukraynalı futbolcu ile prensipte anlaşıldığı ifade edildi.您可以使用无数据告警功能，用于避免采集过程中数据丢失无感知问题。
例如您创建了一个告警监控规则用于监控各个主机的CPU指标，并希望发生如下情况时，收到告警通知。
- CPU使用率超过95%。
- 查询和分析结果中无数据。
具体配置如下所示：
- 查询统计：
* | select promql_query_range('cpu_util') from metrics limit 1000
该查询和分析语句用于统计CPU的使用率。
- 触发条件：有数据匹配，value>95，严重度：中
当查询和分析结果中存在value的值大于95时，触发中级别的告警。
- 连续触发阈值：当累计触发的告警次数达到该值时，产生一条告警。
- 无数据告警：打开无数据告警开关，并设置严重度和标注信息。
开启无数据告警功能后，如果查询和分析结果中无数据的次数超过连续触发阈值，将触发告警。
无数据告警具备独立的告警严重度和标注信息。دکتر وحید بذار - پژوهشگر حقوق بین الملل
۱۴۰۰/۰۶/۲۰
وقایع فاجعهبار زیستمحیطی معاصر ازجمله جنگلزدایی، آلودگی منابع طبیعی، انتشار فزایندۀ دیاکسیدکربن و استخراج بیرویۀ منابع طبیعی نشانگر این است که کیفیت زندگی و سلامت بشر و حتی نسل های آینده بطور جدی در حال تهدید است (بنگرید به اینجا). در حقوق بین الملل، ممنوعیت خسارت به محیطزیست در سال ۱۹۷۷ و در چارچوب نخستین پروتکل الحاقی به کنوانسیون های چهارگانۀ ژنو مورد توجه قرار گرفت که طبیعتاً این ممنوعیت صرفاً مربوط به خسارات زیستمحیطی در جریان بروز مخاصمات مسلحانه است. طبق بند ۳ ماده ۳۵ پروتکل، استفاده از ابزارهای جنگی با قصد آسیب جدی و گسترده و طولانیمدت به محیطزیست یا ابزارهایی که احتمال می رود که چنین خسارتی را ایجاد کنند، ممنوع است. همچنین، طبق بند نخست ماده ۵۵ پروتکل، در جریان مخاصمات باید از ورود آسیب جدی و گسترده و طولانیمدت به محیطزیست اجتناب شود. همانطور که مشخص است، ممنوعیت پیشبینیشده در پروتکل مشروط به قیود سختگیرانه ای است. ناتوانی حقوق بین الملل بشردوستانه در ارایۀ یک حمایت جامع از محیطزیست به این دلیل است که حقوق بشردوستانه بعنوان «حقوق در جنگ» "jus in bello" اساساً در پی حمایت از افراد غیرنظامی در مخاصمات مسلحانه است.
اما، با اینکه جرمانگاری خسارات زیستمحیطی می تواند بنحو مؤثری جنبۀ بازدارنده داشته باشد، مسئولیت کیفری بین المللی در قبال این خسارات که عمدتاً ابعاد فرامرزی و بین المللی دارند، در حقوق بین الملل چندان مورد توجه قرار نگرفته است. البته، در قوانین ملی برخی کشورها ازجمله روسیه و ویتنام و ارمنستان، اقدامات علیه محیطزیست جرمانگاری شده است (بنگرید به اینجا). موضوع جرمانگاری این اقدامات در حقوق بین الملل، پس از استفادۀ ایالات متحده آمریکا از عامل نارنجی در جنگ ویتنام بسیار برجسته شد و واژۀ «اِکوسید» "Ecocide" برای نخستین بار در سال ۱۹۷۰ از سوی «آرتور گالستون» "Arthur Galston" مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. جرمانگاری اِکوسید در عرصۀ بین المللی که از سوی پاپ فِرانسیس نیز مورد حمایت قرار گرفته است (بنگرید به اینجا)، یک مسئلۀ تقابل میان شرق و غرب یا شمال و جنوب نیست. چراکه اِکوسیستم واحد است و خسارات زیستمحیطی اغلب محدود به مرزهای یک کشور نیستند. برای مثال، در جریان حملۀ عراق به کویت حدود ۶۰۰ چاه نفت کویت به دستور صدام سوزانده شد که آلودگی ناشی از آن ها در هیمالیا نیز احساس شد. همچنین، هنگامی که از اِکوسید سخن می گوییم، برهمکنش و تعامل میان قواعد حقوق کیفری بین المللی و حقوق بین الملل محیط زیست محل بحث است و این در حالی است که جنس اقدامات منعشده در این دو شاخۀ حقوق با یکدیگر متفاوت است. بدین ترتیب که در حقوق کیفری بین المللی، ممنوعیت مطلق و شدیدی در خصوص برخی اقدامات متخلفانه (جرایم) مقرر گردیده است و در حقوق بین الملل محیطزیست، غالباً با تعهداتی احتیاطی و مشارکتی و در قالب حقوق نرم مواجه هستیم (بنگرید به اینجا).
اِکوسید و دیوان کیفری بین المللی
در جریان مذاکرات مربوط به تدوین اساسنامۀ دیوان کیفری بین المللی، جنایت علیه محیطزیست بعنوان یکی از جرایم دوازدهگانۀ ارایهشده مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. اما، در پیشنویس نهایی اساسنامه، این جرم به همراه هفت جرم دیگر حذف شد (بنگرید به اینجا) و تنها رسیدگی به چهار جرم ژنوسید، جنایت جنگی، جنایت علیه بشریت و جرم تجاوز در صلاحیت دیوان قرار گرفت. یکی از اعضاء کمیسیون حقوق بین الملل در این خصوص بیان می کند که برخی دولت های دارای سلاح هسته ای در تصمیم به گنارگذاشتن جنایت علیه محیطزیست نقش اساسی داشتهاند (بنگرید به اینجا). پس از لازمالاجرا شدن اساسنامۀ رُم همواره این بحث مطرح بوده است که آیا جرایم تحت صلاحیت دیوان می تواند اقدامات علیه محیطزیست را نیز پوشش دهد. پاسخ این پرسش در وضعیت مخاصمات مسلحانه آشکار است. طبق شقّ چهارم بند ب ماده ۸(۲) اساسنامه، حملۀ عمدی با آگاهی از اینکه چنین حملهای سبب خسارت جدی و گسترده و طولانیمدت به محیطزیست می شود، جنایت جنگی قلمداد می گردد. همچنین، طبق شقّ دوم بند ب ماده ۸(۲) اساسنامه، حملات عمدی علیه اشیاء غیرنظامی که طبیعتاً محیطزیست دارای چنین ویژگی است، جنایت جنگی قلمداد می شود. اما، این مقررات تنها در وضعیت مخاصمات مسلحانه و صرفاً نسبت به مخاصمات مسلحانۀ بین المللی قابلیت اعمال دارند.
بهرحال، اساسنامه به خسارات وارده به محیطزیست بهنگام صلح توجهی نداشته است. این در حالی است که با توجه به هدف دیوان در مقابله با جنایاتی که صلح، امنیت و رفاه جهان را تهدید می کند، حفاظت از محیطزیست یک اولویت حقیقی قلمداد می گردد (بنگرید به اینجا). پرسشی که در اینجا مطرح می شود این است که آیا می توان با توجه به آثار و پیامدهای فاجعهبار اِکوسید، مرتکبان این جرم را در چارچوب سایر جرایم پیشبینیشده در اساسنامه، در دیوان تحت تعقیب قرار داد؟ در نگاه اول اینگونه به ذهن می رسد که تعمیم جرایم پیشبینیشده در اساسنامه به اقدامات دارای آثار مشابه با آنها با مانع اصل «قانونیبودن جرایم» "nullum crimen sine lege" در ماده ۲۲ اساسنامه مواجه می شود (بنگرید به اینجا). اما، پاسخ دقیقتر به این پرسش این است که خسارات وارده به محیطزیست می تواند با رعایت برخی شرایط در قالب ژنوسید و جنایت علیه بشریت از سوی دیوان تحت تعقیب قرار بگیرد. در واقع، خسارت به محیطزیست در اینجا بعنوان یک روش یا وسیله برای ارتکاب ژنوسید و جنایت علیه بشریت _نه بعنوان یک جرم جداگانۀ تحت صلاحیت دیوان_ مورد استفاده قرار می گیرد.
تخریب محیطزیست می تواند عنصر مادی بند c ماده ۶ اساسنامه در خصوص ژنوسید قلمداد شود. طبق بند c، تحمیل عمدی شرایطی از زندگی به یک گروه ملی، قومی، نژادی و مذهبی که منجر به نابودی کلی یا جزئی آنها شود، ژنوسید قلمداد می گردد. آنچه در اینجا مجرمانه است، اقداماتی است که علیه انسان ها رخ داده و نه اقداماتی که موجب ورود خسارت به محیطزیست شده است (بنگرید به اینجا). رویۀ دیوان در قضیه عمر البشیر در وضعیت سودان این نتیجهگیری را تأیید می کند. یکی از اتهامات عمر البشیر رئیسجمهور سابق سودان که دستور بازداشت او در سال ۲۰۰۹ صادر شده، این بود که او رهبری دولتی را برعهده داشته که چاه ها و پمپ های آب مناطقی که گروه های هدف در آنجا ساکن بودند را آلوده کرده بود و قبایل حامی دولت را تشویق می کرد تا در این مناطق اسکان یابند (بنگرید به اینجا). شعبۀ پیشدادرسی دیوان در بند ۵۸ رأی سال ۲۰۱۰ خود در این قضیه تصریح می کند که آلودن آب در راستای پیشبرد یک سیاست کلی مربوط به ارتکاب ژنوسید و بطور مشخص تحمیل شرایطی از زندگی نسبت به گروه های قومی فور "Fur" و ماسالیت "Masalit" و زاقاوا "Zaghawa" است که می تواند درنهایت منجر به نابودی فیزیکی آنها شود. البته، ویژگی های اِکوسید به جنایت علیه بشریت و برخی از مصادیق آن ازجمله نابودسازی یا اخراج و یا آزارواذیت نزدیکتر است. بدین ترتیب که اگر ورود خسارت به محیطزیست بعنوان روش یا وسیلهای برای ارتکاب جرایم مزبور مورد استفاده قرار گیرد و این خسارت بخشی از یک حملۀ گسترده یا سیستماتیک باشد، دیوان می تواند در چارچوب جنایت علیه بشریت به آن رسیدگی کند. همچنین، خسارات زیستمحیطی را می توان در چارچوب شقّ "k" بند نخست ماده ۷ اساسنامه بعنوان «سایر اعمال غیرانسانی» قلمداد نمود و آن را در دیوان تحت رسیدگی قرار داد. طبق این مقرره، «سایر اعمال غیرانسانی» که دارای ویژگی های مشابه با سایر مصادیق جنایت علیه بشریت است و عمداً سبب رنج عظیم و یا صدمۀ جدی به سلامت فیزیکی و روانی غیرنظامیان می شود، جنایت علیه بشریت قلمداد می گردد. البته، سند خطمشی دادستانی دیوان نیز که در آن به خسارات زیستمحیطی توجه شده، در این رابطه قابل ذکر است. در این سند که در سال ۲۰۱۶ منتشر شده است، بیان می شود که دفتر دادستانی در گزینش پرونده ها برای تعقیب و تحقیق، به جرایمی که به تخریب محیطزیست و بهرهبرداری غیرقانونی از منابع طبیعی منجر شدهاند، توجه ویژه ای خواهد داشت.
همان طور که کاملاً مشخص است، ظرفیت های فعلی دیوان برای تعقیب جرم اِکوسید کافی نیست. ازاینرو پیشنهادهایی در خصوص اصلاح اساسنامه و افزودن جرم اِکوسید به اساسنامه ارایه شده است. شاید این ایراد مطرح شود که جرمانگاری اِکوسید در کنفرانس رم در سال ۱۹۸۸ مطرح شده بود و مورد پذیرش قرار نگرفت و طرح دوبارۀ این موضوع برخلاف قصد تنظیمکنندگان اساسنامه است. در پاسخ باید گفت که بحران های زیستمحیطی آنچنان که امروزه جامعۀ بین المللی را تهدید می کند، در زمان برگزاری کنفرانس رم در سال ۱۹۸۸ قابل توجه نبود و می توان گفت که اوضاع و احوال زمان انعقاد معاهده رُم در این رابطه بطور جدی تغییر یافته است. در جریان برگزاری هجدهمین مجمع دولت های عضو دیوان در دِسامبر ۲۰۱۹، پیشنهاد افزودن جرم اِکوسید به اساسنامۀ دیوان از سوی دولت های مالدیو و وانواتو بطور رسمی مطرح گردید. این دولت ها از سایر دولت های عضو دیوان درخواست کردند تا صلاحیت دیوان را به جرم اِکوسید نیز تعمیم دهند (بنگرید به اینجا). البته، این موضوع در دکترین بسیار مورد بحث قرار گرفته و پیشنهادهای متعددی در این رابطه مطرح شده است. جدیترین این پیشنهاد ها در ژوئن ۲۰۲۱ از سوی گروه کارشناسان مستقل "independent expert panel" در چارچوب بنیاد «اِکوسید را متوقف کنید» "Stop Ecocide Foundation" ارایه شده که حتی تعریف جرم اِکوسید و عناصر آن را نیز بطور مفصل ذکر و تشریح شده است (برای مطالعه در خصوص شرح و نقد این پیشنهاد بنگرید به اینجا).
حتی اگر اجماعی در خصوص افزودن اِکوسید به اساسنامه حاصل شود نیز فرآیند مربوط به اجرای عملی آن در دیوان مصائب عدیدهای را بدنبال خواهد داشت. بدین ترتیب که طبق ماده ۱۲۱(۳) اساسنامۀ دیوان، دوسوم دولت های عضو باید به اصلاح اساسنامه رضایت دهند و پس از آن نیز اصلاحات اعمالشده در اساسنامه تنها نسبت به دولت های عضوی که اصلاحات را پذیرفتهاند قابلیت اجرا دارد. همچنین، صلاحیت دیوان نسبت به اِکوسید، منحصر به جرایمی خواهد بود که پس از لازمالاجرا شدن اصلاحات اساسنامه ارتکاب یابد و صلاحیت دیوان عطفبماسبق نمی شود. درواقع، علاوه براینکه کسب رضایت دوسوم دولت های عضو دیوان در خصوص جرم اِکوسید احتمالاً بسیار زمانبر خواهد بود، اعمال صلاحیت دیوان نیز تنها نسبت به جرایمی امکانپذیر است که پس از لازمالاجرا شدن اصلاحات اساسنامه ارتکاب یافته باشد (بنگرید به اینجا). ممکن است این مسئله مطرح شود که حتی اگر اِکوسید در صلاحیت دیوان قرار بگیرد نیز بدلیل عدم عضویت برخی دولت ها ازجمله ایالات متحده آمریکا، چین، روسیه، هند و اسرائیل که اتباع آن ها متهمان اصلی ارتکاب این جرم هستند، دیوان نمی تواند نقشآفرینی قابلتوجهی در این رابطه داشته باشد. این گزاره به چند دلیل نمی تواند کاملاً صحیح باشد. نخست آنکه دیوان می تواند نسبت به وضعیت های ارجاعی از سوی شورای امنیت سازمان ملل متحد و نسبت به جرایمی که از سوی اتباع دولت های غیرعضو دیوان در سرزمین دولت های عضو ارتکاب می یابد، اعمال صلاحیت کند. همچنین، مطابق رویۀ دیوان که بخصوص در وضعیت بنگلادش/میانمار نمود پیدا کرده است، اگر تنها یکی از عناصر جرم یا بخشی از جرم در سرزمین دولتی ارتکاب یافته باشد که صلاحیت دیوان را پذیرفته است، دیوان می تواند نسبت به آن جرم اعمال صلاحیت کند و در خصوص جرایم زیستمحیطی که غالباً در سرزمین دو یا چند کشور ارتکاب می یابد، دیوان می تواند به صرف عضویت یکی از دولت های مزبور در دیوان، اعمال صلاحیت کند.
جمعبندی
اینکه جرم اِکوسید در کنار چهار جرم دیگر در اساسنامۀ دیوان بعنوان یکی از جدیترین جرایم موجب نگرانی «جامعۀ بین المللی درکل» "International Community as a whole" مورد شناسایی قرار بگیرد، گام مهمی برای مقابله با آسیب های زیستمحیطی و پیشگیری از آنهاست. افزودن اِکوسید به اساسنامۀ دیوان این مزیت را بهمراه دارد که علاوه بر مجازات مرتکبان، می توان جبران خسارات مالی وارده را نیز بر اساس ماده ۷۵ اساسنامه دنبال کرد. همچنین، تجربۀ مربوط به سایر جرایم نشان داده است که جرمانگاری اِکوسید در اساسنامۀ دیوان سبب ایجاد قوانین کیفری ملی در این خصوص خواهد شد که این موضوع، مسئولیتپذیری در قبال خسارات زیستمحیطی را ارتقاء می دهد. چراکه این قوانین ملی به مانند قوانین ملی مشابهی که قبلاً برخی جرایم بین المللی را جرمانگاری کردهاند احتمالاً با اعطاء صلاحیت جهانی به دادگاه های داخلی، امکان اعمال صلاحیت این دادگاه ها نسبت به جرایم زیستمحیطی را فراهم خواهند آورد.Construction sites are a major contributor to environmental noise pollution and can cause problems for builders and contractors alike. Environmental noise can also give rise to noise complaints, which often have
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了Trabzonspor Sportif Yatırım ve Futbol İşletmeciliği Ticaret AŞ'den Borsa İstanbul'a gönderilen ve Kamuyu Aydınlatma Platformunda (KAP) yer alan açıklamada, 27 yaşındaki futbolcunun transferi konusunda, hem kendisi hem de kulübü Alanyaspor ile anlaşma sağlandığı aktarıldı.
Açıklamada, Alanyaspor Kulübüne sözleşme fesih bedeli olarak, iki taksit halinde toplam 3 milyon avro ödeneceği vurgulanarak, "Alanyaspor Kulübüne ayrıca, futbolcunun bir başka kulübe transfer olması veya kiraya verilmesi durumunda elde edilen transfer bedelinin, bu anlaşma dolayısıyla söz konusu kulübe ödenen bedeller düşüldükten sonra kalan kısmının yüzde 20'si ödenecektir." ifadesine yer verildi.
Bakasetas ile 3,5 yıllık anlaşma sağlandığının aktarıldığı açıklamada, şunlar kaydedildi:
"Anlaşmaya göre oyuncuya, 2020/2021 futbol sezonu için 600 bin avro garanti ücret, 2021/2022 futbol sezonu için 1 milyon 250 bin avro garanti ücret, 2022/2023 futbol sezonu için 1 milyon 250 bin avro garanti ücret, 2023/2024 futbol sezonu için 1 milyon 250 bin avro garanti ücret ödenecektir. Futbolcunun, kulübümüzle olan sözleşmesi devam ederken 12 milyon avro karşılığında serbest kalma hakkı bulunmaktadır. Menajerlik hizmet bedeli olarak, futbolcu ile olan sözleşmenin devam etmesi şartına bağlı olarak, futbolcuya ödenecek yıllık garanti ücretin yüzde 5'i ödenecektir."
İTTİFAK-AA隔了一些日子，仓鼠的事情仿佛就过去了。他还是那个淘气粘人的孩子，不再提仓鼠和死的事情了。有一天，我从他的绘本堆里翻出了一本关于生命和死亡的书《我永远爱你》，那天晚上，我给他讲了这个故事。
这是阿雅的故事，阿雅是条狗。
阿雅老了。
我每天都对阿雅说，我爱你。
阿雅死了。
我很想它。
我的小男孩安静地蜷在我怀里，我看到他低下眼睑，我看到他的长睫毛颤动着，被泪水浸湿。
我被他感动着，惊叹一个孩子的敏锐和善良。
我亲吻他，问：你是不是伤心了？
他点点头，泪水落下来。
你是不是想起你的仓鼠了？
恩。他说。
我默默地让他尽情地伤心了一会儿，我意识到，他在真正地哀伤，而当他完成这个哀伤的悼念过程，他会比以前更坚强，对于生命会有新的看法。哀悼，会生出力量。
既然世界本不完美，何必要虚伪，幸好，爱总能缓解死亡带来的分离和痛苦。
他现在隔三差五就会到楼下去查看一下，看看仓鼠的墓地上有没有发芽，长出小苗。
有一天，他跟我说：“妈妈，等到仓鼠树长出来，到了秋天，会不会结出一树的仓鼠啊？”
他还说：“妈妈，那我们回头把仓鼠一仓鼠二仓鼠三都埋在一起，这样就能长出好多好多的仓鼠树了。”
生命就是，周而复始，生生不息。什么是目标？
当然了，赚钱是每个人的最终目标。但是，如果交易仅仅是赚钱的事，那么就没有必要看这本书。进行一系列赚钱的交易根本不需要任何技术。另一方面 ，实现持续一致的结果，并保住胜利果实确实需要技术。学习和掌握这些思想技术的副产品就是持续一致地赚钱。你只有明白了如何专注于掌握这些技术，你才能明白不要专注于赚钱。
什么是技术？
在“任何时刻”，都能根据市场的信息做决定，并行动，用开放，客观的思想实现持续一致性。
什么是开放的思想？
开放意味着自信，但不过分兴奋。当你的思想是开放的，你不再害怕、犹豫 、或冲动，因为你不再把市场信息解读为有威胁的。要想去除威胁的感觉，你必须完全接受风险。当你接受了风险，你对结果就比较坦然。要想对结果坦然，你必须把思想环境中的任何东西和 5 个基本事实协调一致。另外，你还要把这些事实放进你的思想系统，成为你的核心信念。
什么是客观？
客观就是通过学习后，你对市场的本性有清醒认识的思想状态。换句话说 ，痛苦回避系统不会阻止或改变任何东西。
什么叫该做就做？
该做就做就是该交易就交易，不要去证明什么。你不是为了赢或避免亏损 。你不是为了把钱赚回来或报复市场。换句话说，你进入市场时没有计划，你让市场自己展现机会，然后你利用机会。
什么是“现在”？
“现在”就交易的意思是，不要把进场、出场、加仓、建仓等机会和思想中过去的体验联系上。Google Currents, Google arama teknolojisini kullanarak haber okuyabileceğiniz bir yazılımdır. Forbes, The Guardian gibi ünlü dergileri de bu program aracılığıyla takip edebilirsiniz. Dergilerdeki haberlerle ilgili makaleler okuyabilir, fotoğraf ve videoları izleyebilirsiniz. Google Trends sayesinde en çok okunan 5 haberi okuyabilirsiniz. Sevdiğiniz blogları Google Reader aboneliklerinizi de bu program aracılığıyla dergi gibi okuyabileceksiniz.Atari ha annunciato di voler riportare in vita Star Raiders.
Forse qualcuno ricorderà lo shooter in soggettiva lanciato nel 1979 su Atari 2600. Il remake di quel gioco sarà affidato a Incinerator Studios, sviluppatori del tie-in di Cars.
"Non capita spesso a uno sviluppatore di lavorare a una IP che ha definito un intero genere come Star Raiders. Giochi grandiosi come X-Wing e Wing Commander sono stati influenzati da questo classico di Atari", ha dichiarato il presidente di Incinerator Joel Goodman a Gamespot.
"Il gioco originale trasmetteva una notevole tensione quando si entrava in un'area senza sapere cosa ci aspettava. Manovrare il gioco dalla Mappa Galattica era un'esperienza unica, decisamente eccitante".
Il senior producer di Atari, Jonathan Moses, ha dichiarato che Star Raiders non è l'unico classico che la compagnia ha intenzione di aggiornare. "Nel futuro prossimo vedrete altri progetti di questo tipo da parte di Atari. Oltre alle nuove IP alle quali stiamo lavorando, riporteremo in vita dei classici aggiornandoli per il mercato attuale".
Star Raiders arriverà in data da annunciare su PC, PlayStation 3 e Xbox 360.Although Ophelia was not the most destructive hurricane of the season, the storm has set records in more ways than one.
As the 10th consecutive storm to be named a hurricane this season, it tied an alarming hurricane record that had last been set in the late 1800s. Then, instead of fizzling out at sea as predicted, Ophelia strengthened and set a rare course for England, Ireland, and Norway, brushing over the Azores along the way. It became the eastermost major Atlantic hurricane on record.
To top it all off, when the heavy winds (which reached 15 miles per hour) and rain of Ophelia made landfall in the U.K., the hurricane caused another unique phenomenon: it caused a waterfall to run upside-down.
In a video shared by Twitter user Jonty Wilson, a small waterfall can be seen blowing upwards towards the sky in Mallerstang, in the country of Cumbria in England. After a few seconds of strong gusts, the winds die down for a moment, allowing the waterfall to begin flowing regularly at the end of the video. Although something like this isn’t completely unheard of, combine it with the rarity of a hurricane hitting the U.K. in the first place and you have one of the most intriguing weather videos we’ve seen in quite some time.
Unfortunately, Ophelia ultimately resulted in three deaths in Ireland and indirectly in 45 deaths on the Iberian peninsula when its winds fanned wildfires in Portugal and Spain.SHIJIAZHUANG QIANDONG IMPORT AND EXPORT TRADE CO.,LTD
Capelli di arco,Capelli di arco da Violino,Capelli bianchi di arco da Violino,,,
Capelli di arco da Violino
I capelli della coda di cavallo sono ampiamente usati per i capelli stringati dell'arco dello strumento, i violoncelli oi capelli dell'arco di basso.
Siamo dedicati a fornire alta qualità dei capelli di cavallo per i costruttori di arco e restauri d'arco. I nostri capelli di coda di cavallo provengono dalla Mongolia, dalla Siberia, dalla Russia e dalla Cina. Dopo aver raccolto i capelli di coda di cavallo, ci laveremo ancora e ancora, per assicurarsi che i capelli siano molto puliti, poi sterilizzeremo, asciugeremo i capelli, dopo aver finito tutte le procedure sopra descritte, il nostro lavoratore pettinerà i capelli, colpendo i capelli, e infine unire i capelli in 100g, 250g, 500g o 1kg.
Abbiamo capelli di coda di cavallo di stallion e capelli di coda di cavallo di mare. I capelli della coda del cavallo dello stallone della Mongolia sono tensioni e elasticità più forti dei capelli di mare. Entrambi i capelli del cavallo dello stallone ei capelli del mare hanno colore brillante e lucentezza. La qualità dei capelli di coda di cavallo di mare è buono come i capelli di coda dello stallone. A seconda delle richieste dei singoli, i pls scelgono che desiderate stalloni o capelli di cavallo cavallo di coda.
A proposito del colore, possiamo fornire la natura bianca, la natura nera, per la tua scelta e la lunghezza, da 25 pollici a 40 pollici.
100g capelli bianchi della coda del cavallo per i capelli dell'arco del violino
250g in un bundle bianco per capelli di cavallo per capelli di arco violino
500g per capelli di arco violino di bundle
Natura Bianco, Nero, Colore rosa per la tua scelta
Domande frequenti per i capelli violino arco:
1. Come sulla politica del campione?
Possiamo fornire l'ordine di prova di campione 100g per il vostro controllo di qualità.
2. senso di trasporto che è disponibile?
Da mare al tuo porto più vicino In aereo all'aeroporto più vicino Con l'espresso (DHL, UPS, FEDEX, TNT, EMS) alla tua porta Quando il carico è stato spedito, il numero di tracciamento verrà informato.
3. Quando sarà la consegna della merce?
Normale, avremo bisogno di 7 giorni lavorativi dopo aver ricevuto il vostro pagamento effettivo
4. Come è il vostro imballaggio per le merci?
Di solito usiamo prima la pellicola di Bubble, quindi useremo il cartone.
5. Quale modo di pagamento è praticabile?
Paypal, Western Union, Bonifico bancario.Hint milyarder Guatam Adani, servetini 60,9 milyar dolar artırarak dünyanın en zenginleri sıralamasında 3. sıraya kadar yükseldi.
ERKEN HABER - En zenginler listesinin zirvesindeki isimlerin servetleri yılbaşından bu yana azalırken, sürpriz bir ilk yaşandı.
Hintli milyarder Guatam Adani, bu yıl içerisinde servetini 60,9 milyar dolar artırarak dünyanın en zenginleri sıralamasında 3. sıraya kadar yükselip, Microsoft’un patronu Bill Gates ve borsa efsanesi ABD’li zenginleri geride bıraktı
Dünyanın en zenginlerinin yer aldığı listede değişiklik oldu. 60 yaşındaki Hint milyarder Guatam Adani, yılbaşından bu yana servetini 60,9 milyar dolar artırarak servetini 137,4 milyar dolara yükseltti.
Microsoft'un patronu Bill Gates ve borsa efsanesi Warren Buffet gibi ünlü ABD'li zenginlerini geride bırakan Adani son olarak Fransa ve Avrupa'nın en zengin ismi Bernard Arnault'u geçerek ilk üçe girdi.
Böylece ilk kez bir Asyalı, dünyanın en zenginlerini listeleyen Bloomberg milyarderler endeksinde ilk üçe girmiş oldu.
İLK İKİDE MUSK VE BEZOS VAR
Dünyanın en zengin insanları listesinin ilk sırasında 251,4 milyar dolarlık servetiyle Elon Musk bulunuyor. Listenin ikinci sırasında ise 153,4 milyar dolarlık servetiyle e-ticaret ve bilişim devi Amazon'un patronu Jeff Bezos bulunuyor. Bir diğer Hint milyarder Mukesh Ambani 91,9 milyar dolarlık servetiyle en zenginler listesinde 11. sırada yer alıyor.
HERKESİN SERVETİ ERİDİ, ADANİ ZENGİNLEŞTİ
Sözcü'de yer alan habere göre, en zenginler listesinin zirvesindeki Tesla CEO'su Elon Musk'ın serveti yılbaşından bu yana 18,9 milyar dolar azalırken, Amazon kurucusu Jeff Bezos'un servetindeki düşüş 39 milyar dolar oldu.
Listenin dördüncü sırasındaki Fransız iş insanı Bernard Arnault'un serveti de bu yıl 42 milyar dolara yakın değer kaybetti. Bill Gates'in ise bu yıl servetinden 20,6 milyar dolar silindi.
ABD borsalarındaki sert düşüşlerle bu yıl çoğu kişinin serveti düşerken Adani’nin bu yıl servetindeki artış 60,9 milyar dolar oldu.
Böylece imparatorluğunu tarım ticareti, kömür ve limanlar üzerine kuran Adani, geleneksel olarak ABD’li teknoloji girişimcilerinin yer aldığı servet sıralamasında yükselmeye devam etti.
Adani'nin serveti ayrıca Hindistan Başbakanı Narendra Modi'nin inşa stratejisine uygun olarak yeşil enerji, havaalanları, veri merkezleri, dijital hizmetler ve medya gibi alanlarda da hızla çeşitleniyor.
SERVETİ İKİ YILDA 20 KATIN ÜZERİNDE ARTTI
1980'lerin sonlarında üniversiteyi terk ederek bir tarım-ticaret firmasıyla yola çıkan Adani'nin servetinin büyük bölümü son iki yılda elde edildi.
Bloomberg milyarderler endeksi verilerine göre Adani'nin serveti, 16 Mart 2020 tarihinde 5,8 milyar dolar seviyesindeydi.
2 Şubat 2021'de 35,9 milyar dolara ulaşan bu rakam, 7 Şubat 2022 itibarıyla 88,5 milyar dolara yükseldi. Adani'nin nisan ayında 100 milyar doları aşan serveti onun Elon Musk ve Jeff Bezos'un da olduğu seçkinler kulübüne üst sıralardan girmesini sağladı.
Böylece Adani'nin serveti, iki yılda 20 katın üzerinde arttı. Kömür üretimi ve ticareti ile liman işletmeciliği ile tanınan Adani, son yıllarda yenilenebilir enerji ve medya yatırımlarıyla da adından söz ettiriyor.
BİRÇOK SEKTÖRDE DE YATIRIMLARI BULUNUYOR
Adani'nin kurucusu olduğu Adani Grubu'nun petrokimya, havacılık, savunma ve veri merkezleri dahil birçok sektörde de yatırımları bulunuyor.
Adani son zamanlarda, Suudi petrol devi Aramco'da ortaklık girişimi de dahil olmak üzere inşaat, çelik gibi pek çok alanda işlerini sürdürüyor. Bu yıl Hindistan'da çimento sektörüne 10,5 milyar dolarlık yatırım yapan iş insanı Güney Koreli çelik üreticisi Posco ile de bir anlaşma imzaladı.
Öte yandan nisan ayında, Adani'nin amiral gemisi firması Adani Enterprises, yeni bir medya kuruluşu kurduğunu belirterek hızla büyüyen yerel eğlence pazarından da yararlanacağını duyurdu.
KAÇIRILIP REHİN ALINMIŞTI
Yaklaşık 20 yıl önce fidye için kaçırılan Adani, 2008'de Mumbai'deki Tac Mahal Sarayı'nda 166 kişinin öldüğü terör saldırısında içeride rehin alınan isimlerden biri olmuştu.
Hindistan’da muhalefet, Adani’nin aşırı sağ çizgideki Başbakanı Modi ile yakınlığı sayesinde servetini artırdığı eleştirilerini yöneltiyor.拉威族，是老挝老聽族的一支。分布在老挝丘陵与泰北一帶。
他们是老挝與泰國真正的土著，比泰人更早居住在當地。今日他们还保持万物有灵信仰，刀耕火种与紋面斷齒。他们与崩龙族、佤族也是南亚语系，现在有17000人。他們本來在湄公河平原上生活，後來泰人打敗他們後將他們趕上山區。Forests are an essential part of life on this planet. If our planet is a single organism, then forests are its lungs. Deforestation is one of the most destructive problems today. Trees absorb the carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere from human activities and help mitigate climate change.
In addition, forest biomass, including trees, is a storehouse of carbon, and therefore billions of tons of carbon are released into the atmosphere when they are cut.
The solution to the problem at this stage is sustainable forest management. It implies the conscious use of timber to meet the needs of present and future generations. Technology helps a lot to manage sustainable forestry. Various companies such as EOSDA in satellite imagery analytics, for example, offer solutions for management and precision forestry.
In this piece, we will talk about the problem of deforestation. You will also find here information on what sustainable forestry is, what it is and how it can help solve it.
What is
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的精确年岁，不过不论现在这个年岁是否精确，地球的的确确现已是一个老寿星了，现在的地球人们由于寻求开展所以疏忽了环境问题，环境问题日益非亲兄弟演员表严峻，不过现在人们欧文,地球年岁是怎样被得知的？科学家是这样说明的，听完后茅塞顿开,为了皇帝遍及现已认识到了这个问题，关于环境保护的力度也antiarpsniffer在逐年加大，未来在人类的共同尽力下，地球的环境肯定会越变越好的，这是人类能许朱迪为地球这个老寿星做的量力而行的事。
关于地石凉球年岁欧文,地球年岁是怎样被得知的？科学家是这样说明的，听完后茅塞顿开,为了皇帝是怎样被得知的？科学家老干妈遭泄密是这样雷子头说明的，听完后豁然开畅这个论题，信任我们应该有所收成，首唐焯仪先这篇文章不具备参阅性，文中小编自己观念居多，假如我们想要了解本相，还得去参阅威望材料，一起小编文章中有犯错的当地，还请我们帮助纠正，要是我们喜爱小编的文章，能够重视一下小编，小父债子偿编会尽力为我们供给愈加优质的文章，最终我们关于这个论题有什么欧文,地球年岁是怎样被得知的？科学家是这样说明的，听完后茅塞顿开,为了皇帝观点？能够在谈论中留言。
版权声明
本文仅代表作者观点，不代表本站立场。
本文系作者授权发表，未经许可，不得转载。Adult Nonfiction E185.615 .F567 2010
Summary: As the United States championed principles of freedom and equality during World War II, it denied fundamental rights to many non-white citizens. In the wake of President Franklin Roosevelt's "Good Neighbor" policy with Latin America, African American and Mexican American civil rights leaders sought ways to make that policy of respect and mutual obligations apply at home as well as abroad. They argued that a whites-only democracy not only denied constitutional protection to every citizen but also threatened the war effort and FDR's aims. Neil Foley examines the complex interplay among regional, national, and international politics that plagued the efforts of Mexican Americans and African Americans to find common ground in ending employment discrimination in the defense industries and school segregation in the war years and beyond. Underlying differences in organizational strength, political affiliation, class position, and level of assimilation complicated efforts by Mexican and black Americans to forge strategic alliances in their fight for economic and educational equality. The prospect of interracial cooperation foundered as Mexican American civil rights leaders saw little to gain and much to lose in joining hands with African Americans. Over a half century later, African American and Latino civil rights organizations continue to seek solutions to relevant issues, including the persistence of de facto segregation in our public schools and the widening gap in wealth and income in America. Yet they continue to grapple with the difficulty of forging solidarity across lines of cultural, class, and racial-ethnic difference, a struggle that remains central to contemporary American life.
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Add a Comment59. yaptığım en sağlıksız şey olmayacağı için, ara sıra yemek bulamayınca veya üşenince bunu yemenin öldürücü bir şey olacağını düşünmüyorum.
tavuk ve dana eti çeşnilisinin dahil vegan olduğunu kısa süre önce öğrendim, ya da biliyordum da unutmuştum, 5 senedir vejetaryen olan bana ufak bir şok oldu ve derhal markete koştum.
kızarmış ve spesiyal olanlar farklı mı bilmiyorum, fakat kızarmış olanın çok güzel olduğunu hatırlıyorum. yakınlarımdaki marketlerde sadece tavuk sebze köri vs bulabiliyorum, bu nedenle dana etini bile deneyemedim.
tavuk çeşnilisi güzel, sebzeli zaten harika ama bence elinizde birkaç tane varsa iki tanesini falan karıştırmak daha güzel oluyor. benim tarifime gelirsek:
ben küçük bir tencereye göz kararı az miktarda su koyup baharat poşetlerinin yarısını koyuyorum, tat verme açısından gayet yeterli oluyor ve daha az zararlı oluyor, yağ paketlerini koymuyorum bile ama koyacaksam onların da yarısı (kalan baharat sabah kahvaltıda yumurtaları enfes yapıyo). sonra içine taze veya çok çok ince kesilmiş kuru soğan, biber, biraz soya sosu, biraz kendi baharatlarımdan koyup noodle'ı içine atıyorum, tamamen ayrıştığında içine bir tane yumurta kırıp baharatlı suyunda yumurtayı pişiriyorum, keyfime göre bazen yumurtayı bütün bırakıp bazen karıştırıp dağıtıyorum. ve piştiğinde genelde bir iki kaşıklık suyu kalmış oluyor, onunla birlikte büyük bir kaseye koyuyorum. poşetin dibinde kalan kırıkları üzerine kıtırtı olsun diye serpiyorum ve afiyetle yiyorum.2017. 27 p., illus.
UNESCO in partnership with Ministry of Education and with financial support from the Government of the Republic of Azerbaijan, community and Civil society organizations implemented a two year Health Literacy and Behaviour Change practices among Adolescent Girls pilot project from September 2014-September 2017 in 41 schools. Health literacy materials were evaluated and approved by Kenya Institute of Curriculum Development (K.I.C.D.) for use in other informal settlements. This is a story aimed at what we call ‘level 1’ (ages 10-12). It deals with discrimination and bullying, which is a big part of school-based violence. It is also about peer pressure and self-esteem. In the story, Mark struggles, and almost fails, to do the right thing/behave in the right way in the face of peer pressure; and Lisa finds that her attempt to accommodate peer pressure has left her with a dilemma when an adult is asking more of her than she is ready to give.
Record created by:Edgar Dean Mitchell (born 1930) became the sixth person to walk on the surface of the moon during the third manned moon mission, Apollo 14. With him on the surface was Alan B. Shepard, who had made history in 1961 as the first American in space. The two landed on the moon aboard Apollo 14 's lunar module Antares in February 1971, while crewmate Stuart A. Roosa orbited the moon aboard the mission's command module Kitty Hawk.
Edgar Dean Mitchell
Born in Hereford, Texas, on September 17, 1930, Edgar Dean Mitchell grew up in the southwest, attending elementary school in Roswell, New Mexico, a town that would later become famous for its UFO sightings. His father was a rancher, his mother a fundamentalist Baptist. Mitchell learned to fly an airplane when he was just 13 years old, even before attending high school in Artesia, New Mexico. Artesia, where he spent his teenage years, was the city he thereafter considered his hometown.
After high school Mitchell went on to the Carnegie Institute of Technology, graduating in 1952 with a bachelor of science degree in industrial management. Next, he attended the U.S. Naval Postgraduate School, from which he graduated in 1961 with another B.S., this one in aeronautical engineering. He completed his academic career in 1964 when he received a doctorate of science degree in aeronautics/astronautics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Began Military Career
Mitchell joined the U.S. Navy in 1952 and went through basic training at the San Diego Recruit Depot. He was commissioned as an ensign after graduating from the Officers Candidate School in Newport, Rhode Island. After completing flight training at Hutchinson, Kansas, in 1954, he joined Patrol Squadron 29 and was sent to Okinawa, Japan. In 1957 Mitchell was assigned to Heavy Attack Squadron Two operating on the aircraft carriers USS Bon Homme Richard and USS Ticonderoga. Afterwards, he became a test pilot for Air Development Squadron Five, which he served until 1959. Between 1964 and 1965 he was part of the Navy's Manned Orbiting Laboratory program as head of the project management division. When this program stalled, he left it to join the astronaut corps.
Mitchell had to follow a long, hard career path in order to become an astronaut. As he recalled to Eric M. Jones for the online Apollo Lunar Surface Journal, "I'd applied at every opportunity from 1958 on. But my jet hours weren't enough, since I'd started out in props. … Building up my jet hours … and then getting my test pilot credentials … took me until I was 36. It took me damn near nine years to get all the qualifications … in order to be selected."
Made the Cut to Astronaut
Selected as one of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA's) fifth group of astronauts in 1966, Mitchell joined Project "Apollo," America's manned moon landing program. He worked on the Apollo 9 mission as a member of the astronaut support crew while the mission test-flew the lunar module designed to land astronauts on the moon in low Earth orbit. He then became backup lunar module pilot for the Apollo 10 mission, a dress-rehearsal for the first moon landing in which astronauts Gene Cernan and Tom Stafford descended to within 50,000 feet of the lunar surface.
A member of the lunar module design team, Mitchell was an expert on lunar module systems. In 1970, when Apollo 13 suffered an onboard explosion that ruined the mission and nearly killed its crew, he was called on as an advisor in the effort that got the astronauts home safely. As he later told Jones, "During the Apollo 13 experience, where Fred and Jim had to bring their lunar module back as a lifeboat, I spent the five days of that emergency in the lunar module simulator, creating the procedures they had to use. And radioing them up to them in space."
Joined Alan Shepard for a Trip to the Moon
Mitchell got his chance to go to the moon himself in 1971. His ship was Apollo 14, and along for his ride were Alan B. Shepard, commander, and Stuart A. Roosa, command module pilot. Mitchell and Shepard were to land on the moon in Apollo 14's lunar module Antares, while Roosa orbited the moon aboard the ship's command module Kitty Hawk. The mission, Mitchell's only trip into space, was the second trip for Shepard, who had previous been aboard the one-man Mercury capsule, Freedom 7. That flight had lasted just 15 minutes, not even reaching Earth orbit, and Shepard was eager to return to space. Unfortunately fate intervened in the form of an inner ear disorder known as Meniere's syndrome, which affected Shepard's balance and took him off active flight status. However, he wasted no time in becoming one of two astronauts in charge of crew selection at NASA, and after an experimental surgical procedure cured his affliction, he got himself assigned to the Apollo 14 crew.
Two major glitches marred an otherwise perfect flight. On the way out to the moon, just two hours after leaving Earth's orbit, the command module failed to dock to the lunar module. This was an essential procedure, and a landing could not be accomplished without it. Four attempts failed to engage the docking mechanism, and the two spacecrafts simply bounced off each other without connecting. Just when it seemed the mission might be lost, controllers in Houston radioed up a plan that might work: use the command module's thrusters to hold the two spacecraft together while Shepard threw a switch to retract a docking probe. The plan worked.
During his first sleep period in space, and every other sleep period during the mission, Mitchell conducted a secret procedure of his own. Long interested in the untapped potential of the human mind, he had arranged an extra sensory perception (ESP) experiment with collaborators on Earth. According to plan, Mitchell waited until 45 minutes past the start of sleep time on the ship and then concentrated on a series of symbols and shapes printed on a clipboard. Four men on Earth tried to "receive" in their minds the shapes that Mitchell concentrated on.
The second major glitch of the mission occurred as Antares headed down from lunar orbit to the moon's surface. At 30,000 feet, the landing radar refused to engage as it was supposed to. As Mitchell later told Jones, "When it didn't come in by 30 thousand, we got alarmed. And at 20 thousand feet, that's when we were frantically trying to get it to come in because, at 10 thousand feet, there was automatic (meaning 'mandatory') abort without landing radar." If the landing radar did not come on, mission rules stated that the astronauts would have to abort the mission and return to lunar orbit without ever setting foot on the moon. Fortunately, all it took was simply turning the radar off and then on again to get it to engage, and the mission proceeded as planned.
On February 5, 1971, Mitchell and Shepard touched down to a feather-light landing in the highlands of the moon's Fra Mauro region. The mission set a record for longest time spent on the surface (33 hours), longest time spend on the moon outside of a spacecraft (more than 9 hours in two excursions), and the most lunar sample material returned from Earth (some 100 pounds). The mission also marked the first use of a color television camera for transmitting video back to Earth.
Continued to Promote Space Exploration
After serving as backup lunar module pilot for the Apollo 16 mission, Mitchell retired from NASA in 1972. He founded the Institute of Noetic Sciences in 1973 to "expand knowledge of the nature and potentials of the mind and spirit, and to apply that knowledge to advance health and well-being for humanity and our planet," according to the institute's Web site. From 1974 to 1978 he headed the Edgar Mitchell Corporation, based in Palm Beach, Florida, and later became head of Mitchell Communications. In 1996 Mitchell published a book about the consciousness-expanding aspects of his moon voyage titled The Way of the Explorer.
Chaikin, Andrew, A Man on the Moon: The Voyages of the Apollo Astronauts, Penguin, 1994.
Apollo Lunar Surface Journal, http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/ (November 14, 2001).
Astronaut Hall of Fame Web site, http://www.astronauts.org/(November 13, 2001).
Institute of Noetic Sciences Web site, http://www.noetic.org/ (November 14, 2001).
Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center Web site, http://www.jsc.nasa.gov/ (November 13, 2001).تقاطع غیر همسطح جاده مرزی رازی به بهره داری رسید
به گزارش خوی آوا؛ تقاطع غیر همسطح جاده مرزی رازی خوی روز چهارشنبه با حضور معاون سیاسی امنیتی و اجتماعی استاندار آذربایجان غربی، مدیرکل راه و شهرسازی و مسئولین محلی با اعتبار 40 میلیارد ریال به بهره برداری رسید.
فرماندار خوی در این خصوص به خبرنگار ایرنا گفت: تقاطع غیر همسطح جاده خوی - قطور از سال 1391 شروع شده بود که پس از پنج سال با اهتمام ویژه دولت یازدهم افتتاح شد.
سیدمحمد عابدی اضافه کرد: افتتاح طرح گازرسانی به روستاهای یزدکان، بابکان، زاویه شیخلر و کور پیران با اعتبار 47 میلیارد ریال و برخورداری یکهزار و 165 خانوار، طرح های عمران شهری از جمله جدول گذاری، زیرسازی، سنگ فرش و آسفالت معابر سطح شهر دیزج دیز با اعتبار 12 میلیارد ریال، شبکه انتقال برق فشار متوسط به طول 6 هزار و 400 متر شبکه هوایی و 900 متر شبکه زمینی با اعتبار 6 میلیارد و 850 میلیون ریال با بهره مندی 11 هزار مشترک دیگر طرح های افتتاحی در آخرین روز هفته دولت بودند.The United Nations Environment Assembly is the world’s highest-level decision-making body on the environment. It addresses the critical environmental challenges facing the world today. Understanding these challenges and preserving and rehabilitating our environment is at the heart of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.
The Environment Assembly meets biennially to set priorities for global environmental policies and develop international environmental law. Through its resolutions and calls to action, the Assembly provides leadership and catalyses intergovernmental action on the environment. Decision-making requires broad participation, which is why the Assembly provides an opportunity for all peoples to help design solutions for our planet’s health.
The United Nations Environment Assembly was created in June 2012, when world leaders called for UN Environment to be strengthened and upgraded during the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development, also referred to as RIO+20. The Environment Assembly embodies a new era in which the environment is at the centre of the international community’s focus and is given the same level of prominence as issues such as peace, poverty, health and security. The establishment of the Environment Assembly was the culmination of decades of international efforts, initiated at the UN Conference on the Human Environment in Stockholm in 1972 and aimed at creating a coherent system of international environmental governance.
The first and second sessions of the UN Environment Assembly tackled and adopted resolutions on major issues of illegal trade in wildlife, air quality, environmental rule of law, financing the Green Economy, the Sustainable Development Goals, and “delivering on the environmental dimension of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development”. It was also a success with the adoption in 2014 of a Ministerial Outcome Document that called for the achievement of “an ambitious, universal implementable and realizable Post-2015 Development Agenda” that integrated all the dimensions of sustainable development for “the protection of the environment and the promotion of inclusive social and economic development in harmony with nature”.
These accomplishments, as well as the Assembly’s exceptional level of participation, which included heads of governments, environment ministers, representatives of civil society, the private sector, and the scientific and academic communities, have set the stage for this year’s Assembly, which aims to bring us towards a pollution-free planet. The 2017 UN Environment Assembly will address five sub-themes: Water Pollution, Land Pollution, Marine Pollution, Air Pollution, and Sound Management of Chemicals and Waste.
The Environment Assembly sets the global
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Stanislao D'Aloe in "Diario della venuta e del soggiorno in Napoli di sua beatitudine Pio IX P. M. , n.2, settembre 1849).
Anche dopo la sua morte vennero costruite bellissime chiese grazie ai suoi disegni, come nel caso della "Chiesa della Trinità delle Monache, la quale fu edificata nel milleseicento e venti col disegno del Padre Francesco Grimaldi Teatino. Si ammirano in quella Chiesa la scala di marmo bianco con due statue nel principio d'essa" (Francesco Sacco, Dizionario geografico-istorico-fisico del Regno di Napoli, 1796). Ma le opere di P. Francesco Grimaldi furono tante. Nel 1591, per esempio, quando padre Andrea Avellino di Castronuovo in Basilicata promosse a Lecce la costruzione della chiesa di S. Irene, da Napoli venne chiamato il Grimaldi che preparò un disegno e il modello.
Un'altra testimonianza della sua opera è, sempre a Lecce, il portale del complesso dei gesuiti in via Oronzo Tiso. Non si contano poi ie opere "suggerite" dai suoi disegni a Vibo Valentia, per la chiesa di San Paolo Maggiore a Napoli (almeno nei primi anni dei lavori tra il 1583 e l 1586). Padre Francesco Grimaldi morì il primo agosto del 1613 e venne sepolto nel cimitero del convento dei Santi Apostoli a Napoli da lui stesso edificato.To prevent interruption of service to as many customers as possible, distribution line repairs are often made while lines and equipment remain energized. Whenever work is done on energized equipment, the linemen doing the work must be insulated and isolated from all energized equipment and grounds. This training program discusses the basic principles involved in working on energized lines using insulated gloves. Work methods, communication, concentration, and safety are emphasized throughout the program.
- Describe rubber protective equipment that is used when working on distribution lines, and explain how it is used.
- Describe how to inspect rubber protective gear.
- Describe how to install and remove rubber protective gear in a variety of job situations.
SUBJECTS AND OBJECTIVES
Rubber Protective Gear
- Describe basic rubber protective equipment used when working on overhead distribution lines.
- Describe how rubber protective gear is manufactured, sized, and stored.
Care and Inspection of Rubber Gear
- Describe problems to look for when inspecting protective gear.
- Describe general procedures for inspecting protective gear.
Replacing an In-Line Switch
- Describe how to provide a safe work area for an in-line switch replacement job.
- Describe how to remove and replace an in-line switch using the rubber glove method.
- Describe how to remove the line cover gear after completing a job.
Attaching Conductors to a New Pole
- Demonstrate how to rubber up the work area, frame out the pole, and tie in the phases of a distribution feeder to a new pole that has been set in a line.
Dead-End Insulator Change-Out
- Describe one method of safely changing out a dead-end insulator while working from an insulated platform.使用多台空压机时，抑制能耗，高效自动控制
■根据使用空气量自动选择符合需求的运行台数，进行更高效的运行控制。
■可以连接8台空压机。
■也可与神钢变频机进行连动运行。
重复循环式运行方式
标准机采用重复循环方式，力求实现各空压机运转时间和启动次数的均衡化。
而变频机作为负荷控制机，在恒压下，与使用空气量相匹配的理想的运行状况下进行控制。
适用于所有组合的控制
神钢台数控制器不仅适用于单标准机，或标准机与变频机组合控制外，还适用于单变频机的组合控制。
标准配置了易懂、全彩屏液晶触摸式控制器
■采用了易懂、易操作的全彩屏液晶触摸时控制器。
■通过触摸画面，就进行诸如运行台数选择等的设定。
■功能丰富，更易操作。
功能丰富
■0.5秒以内瞬停不停机功能、及停电自动恢复功能；
■先开机切换定时器；
■周定时器；
■与变频机连动运行；
■重复循环式控制；
■跨越式控制，保证空气的稳定供给。
可与辅机进行联动控制
可控制与主机相同台数的辅机。例如，6台主机的场合，可控制6台干燥机。When it comes to designing images and graphics for anything from computers to movies 3D images are in high demand. This is an introduction to 3Dmodeling so you can get an idea of how to make 3D figures and images.
Learn the Software
There are a number of different software programs that can be used when designing in 3D. It is important to take the time to learn the software program that is going to be used and everything that it can do. This will make things easier when brining the figures to life. It is also important to find a program that you feel comfortable working with.
Take Your Time
You should not rush your 3D project especially if you are just starting out. You need to take the time to find out how to get things just the way you want them and how to make the software program work for you. During this time you will also learn how to build skills that you can use in the future. Take things slow and if you get frustrated take a break and come back to it.
Tutorials come with programs for a reason. They are these to guide you and teach you how to do certain things. If you have a specific questions look through the tutorial and follow the steps that are listed. Your questions will be answered and you will learn new skills for the future.
These are some things you can do to build up your 3D modeling skills. Once you build up a skill set making 3D images will be fun.North Korea is most probably not on the top of your bucket list regarding countries you plan to visit any time soon. That being said, its capital city Pyongyang is still home to some remarkable structures.
The capital of North Korea is situated on the banks of the Taedong River, one of the major rivers in the country which releases into the Yellow Sea about 109 kilometers (68 miles) downstream.
Because everything in North Korea is secretive, it’s hard to estimate how many people live in the capital. According to a 2008 census report, it has a total population of 3,255,288. A 2016 report indicated a serious decrease with a population of just 2,870,000.
In this post, we’ll take a closer look at some of the most famous landmarks in Pyongyang, fascinating structures in what is definitely the most secretive, yet ntriguing country in the world!
1. Rungrado 1st of May Stadium
The Rungrado 1st of May Stadium is the biggest stadium in the world with an estimated seating capacity of 114,000. It’s located on Rungra Island which is located in the Taedong River in the center of the city. This makes this enormous stadium one of the most incredible landmarks in Pyongyang.
The stadium covers a huge area of about 20.7 hectares (51 acres) and is used for a wide variety of purposes, including soccer matches, athletics, and most spectacularly, mass games. There’s also word around the campfire that the stadium is being used for public executions of people who the regime doesn’t like.
2. Juche Tower
The Juche Tower is a fascinating tower that was built in honor of the ideology of the country’s regime which is called “Juche.” This ideology resembles the ideas of Communism even though it incorporates some typically Korean elements.
It was devised by the first leader of the country called Kim Il-sung (1912-1994), the man all North Koreans shed incredible tears for whenever there’s a mass parade in his honor. The tower was completed in 1982 to commemorate Kim Il-sung’s 70th birthday.
3. Arch of Triumph
The Arch of Triumph is an incredible triumphal arch that was built to commemorate the Korean resistance to Japan between 1925 and 1945. It’s the second tallest of its kind in the world at a height of 60 meters (197 feet), with only the Monumento a la Revolución in Mexico City being taller.
The arch is located on the “Triumph Return Square” at the foot of Moranbong or “Moran Hill,” a hill with a height of 95 meters (312 feet) above sea level in the center of the city. It was completed at the same time as the Juche Tower in 1982 and for the same reason as well.
4. Kim Il Sung Square
Kim Il Sung Square is the most famous square in the capital of North Korea and was completed during the rebuilding of the city in 1954 following the Korean War. It’s situated right across from the Juche Tower on the opposite bank of the Taedong River.
It’s also one of the most iconic locations in Pyongyang because whenever we see footage of military parades as the regime flaunts their massive bombs, this is where that happens. And of course, the square was named after the first leader of the regime as well.
5. Mansudae Grand Monument
The Mansudae Grand Monument is a collection of monumental statues that commemorate the revolutionary struggle of the Korean people, and glorifies the leaders. Therefore, the centerpieces of this complex are 2 monumental statues of deceased leaders Kim Il-sung and Kim Jong-il.
The bronze statue of Kim Il-sung stands 20 meters (66 feet) tall and were constructed in 1972 to commemorate his 60th birthday. The additional statue was added in 2011. The entire complex features a total of 229 figures.
6. Kumsusan Palace Of The Sun
The Kumsusan Palace of the Sun was originally referred to as the “Kumsusan Memorial Palace” because it served as the Mausoleum of Kim-Il-sung. This enormous structure was completed in 1976 and is situated on the northeastern edge of the city center.
This wasn’t the original purpose of the building, though, because Kim Il-sung only died in the year 1994. It was constructed to serve as his official residence, and it was designated as his final eternal resting place as well, together with his son Kim Jong-Il.
7. Ryugyong Hotel
The Ryugyong Hotel is without question the most remarkable skyscraper in Pyongyang. The building has 105 stories and stands 330 meters (1,080 feet) tall. It’s a pyramid-shaped building that dominates the skyline of the city.
What’s intriguing about this landmark in Pyongyang is that it remains unfinished until today. This has resulted in the building being listed by the Guinness World Records as the “tallest unoccupied building in the world.”
8. Revolutionary Martyrs’ Cemetery
The Revolutionary Martyrs’ Cemetery is a huge cemetery and memorial dedicated to the Koreans that fought against Japanese rule. The complex is situated near the top of Mount Taesong in the outskirts of Pyongyang.
The cemetery features hundreds of tombs and was originally completed in the year 1975. It covers a total area of 30 hectares (74 acres) and also houses the tombs of some of the most prominent people of the regime, including the mother of Kim Il-sung called Kang Pan-sŏk, and his first wife called Kim Jong-suk, among multiple military leaders.
9. Mansudae Assembly Hall
The Mansudae Assembly Hall is the official seat of the Supreme People’s Assembly of North Korea. It’s located just to the west of the southern tip of Rungra Island near the Taedong River and is the most important government building in the country.
The enormous meeting hall inside the building covers an area of 4,300 square meters (46,000 square feet) and has a seating capacity of 2,000. This hall is mostly filled with people who always agree with whatever the great leader tells them.
10. Workers’ Party Foundation Monument
The Monument to Party Founding is a monument in the center of the city that represents the core ideals of the country’s single political party. It depicts a hammer, sickle and calligraphy brush, which represent farmers, workers, and intellectuals.
The granite structure is much larger than it initially appears to be as it stands 50 meters (160 feet) tall. It was built in 1995 and its height is a symbolic reference to the 50th anniversary of the Workers’ Party of Korea, an event that was celebrated that year.
11. Arch of Reunification
The Arch of Reunification is officially known as the “Monument to the Three-Point Charter for National Reunification” and is a large sculptural arch located on the southern outskirts of the city. It crosses the so-called “Reunification Highway” which leads from Pyongyang to the DMZ, the Korean Demilitarized Zone.
This enormous arch has a total width of 61.5 meters (202 feet) and a maximum height of 30 meters (98 feet). It was completed in the year 2001 and was built to commemorate the proposals put forward by Kim Il-sung called the “Korean reunification proposals” a year earlier.
12. Pyongyang Metro
The Pyongyang Metro is the subway system in the capital of North Korea. It has two lines which pretty much run from north to south and from west to east, and which intersect each other in the center of the city.
The original version of the metro was constructed between 1965 and 1973, which was the year that Kim Il-sung officially opened the first stations. Today, it’s the cheapest metro to ride in the world with tickets starting at just 5 North Korean won, the equivalent of just half a cent in US dollars.
Taedongmun Gate is also referred to as the “Taedong Gate” as it was constructed on the banks of the Taedong River. The original structure served as the eastern gate of the defensive all of the castle of Pyongyang and was built in the 6th century.
The current structure was built in the year 1635 and is considered to be one of the National Treasures of North Korea, more specifically, National Treasure Number 4. It has a granite base and is topped with a pavilion referred to as the “Euphoru Pavilion,” a structure that provides great views of the nearby river.
14. Tomb of King Tongmyŏng
The Tomb of King Tongmyŏng is an ancient mausoleum that consists of multiple tombs. One of these is considered to be the tomb of King Tongmyŏng (58-19 B.C.), the founder of the Goguryeo kingdom that was located in the northern and central parts of the Korean Peninsula.
The entire complex covers an area of 233 hectares (580 acres) and has been listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in the year 2004. It also features a Buddhist monastery which is located about 120 meters (390 feet) from the most famous tomb on the mausoleum grounds.
15. Yanggakdo International Hotel
If you ever do plan to visit North Korea, then the Yanggakdo International Hotel is most probably the place that you will end up staying. It’s the largest operating hotel in the country and is located on Yanggak Island in the river Taedong.
The hotel is situated about 2 kilometers (1.2 miles) to the southeast of the center of the city and stands 170 meters (560 feet) tall, which makes it one of the tallest buildings in the city as well. It also features a revolving restaurant on the 47th floor.由澳大利亚赛车传奇人物Peter Brock和Allan Moffat驾驶的1986 Holden Dealer Team 05 Commodore正式发售。
这座历史悠久的赛车目前居住在巴瑟斯特山全景山的国家赛车博物馆，据说是布罗克和莫法特在山上唯一的一辆赛车。
这也是莫法特（Moffat）于1986年在大赛之前撞车的著名赛车，导致车队进行了整夜的维修工作，使其在第二天恢复正常。
底盘HDT 14也曾在1987年的澳大利亚房车锦标赛上由布罗克（Brock）赛车，但后来被转换为VL规格，然后在当年晚些时候被电视评论员/赛车手尼尔·克朗普顿（Neil Crompton）所使用。
此后，这家总部位于墨尔本的公司将其恢复为VK规格，并与1986年在巴瑟斯特（Bathurst）比赛时所穿的制服相同。
该车搭载4.9升V8发动机，在1987年的惠灵顿500新西兰大奖赛上，它也获得了由汽车制造商支持的最后一次在HDT旗帜下赢得冠军的霍顿，而布鲁克和莫法特则位居榜首。
该车的传输通道具有两个驾驶员的签名，而其CAMS日志将包含在销售中。它还由前HDT机组人员Neill的“ Part” Burns制造的“新鲜的发动机”做广告。
“ Brock的HDT建造了六辆A级霍顿Commodore VK赛车供美孚颜色使用，这辆赛车在澳大利亚五辆现存的赛车中拥有远近最好的历史，”公司营销部V8 Sleuth的Aaron Noonan说。汽车。
“像这样的汽车并不经常出现在市场上，将会有大量的收藏家热衷于将这种著名的汽车加入他们的收藏。”
这不是第一次由彼得·布罗克（Peter Brock）驾驶的霍顿准将（Holden Commodore）参加拍卖，但是在本周霍顿（Holden）逝世的消息传出后，这件作品可能在澳大利亚和海外收藏家中更受欢迎。相关阅读：持股投资“大佬”布罗克·康莫德将获得200万美元WTSML Heat Transfer Technology Co.,Ltd
Add: Qiaoxing Road 150, Torch Industrial Zone, Licheng Area, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
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Where Are Plate Heat Exchangers Used
There are many types of plate heat exchangers for different occasions. Therefore, only the right plate heat exchanger can be selected to maximize its effect in the corresponding occasions.
a. Refrigeration: Used as a condenser and
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8日 - 从美国的卡纳维拉尔角由德尔塔火箭发射升空。
2001年11月 - 开始采集太阳风粒子的标本
2004年4月1日 - 采集结束，起源号探测器开始返航。
2004年9月8日 - 起源号探测器返回舱返回地球大气层。
为保证202千克重的返回舱在落地时的震动不会污染封存的太阳风粒子，原计划在降落阶段，降落伞在6600米高处打开，在2850米高处由好莱坞特技飞行员弗莱明等三人驾驶直升飞机用6米长的吊钩钩住降落伞，对返回舱进行回收。如果此次抓钩失败，当返回舱降至150米到300米高处时由第二架直升飞机将降落伞钩住。弗莱明等人事先已经过了12次演练，无一失败。然而在返回当天却由于重力开关装置的电池故障，导致降落伞没能按原计划打开，返回舱以320 km/h的速度坠落在犹他州的沙漠上，并且变形损坏，一半撞入地面并裂开，搜集到的太阳风粒子受到污染。
后来科学家们对搜集到的标本进行检查后认为太阳风粒子样品基本保存完好。Galatasaray'dan 10.250.000 Dolar'a Al Ittihad'a transfer olan Garry Rodrigues, Suudi Arabistan macerasından sonra yeniden Türkiye'ye dönerek Fenerbahçe'ye kiralandı. Ancak Al Ittihad kulübü Garry Rodrigues transferinde bonservis taksitlerini Galatasaray'a ödeyemediği için transfer yasağı tehlikesiyle karşı karşıya kaldı.
Suudi Arabistan basınındaki haberlere göre, Al Ittihad kulübünün Galatasaray'a 5 milyon dolar ödemesi gerekiyor. Kulüp eğer bu parayı ödeyemezse 2 ila 4 transfer dönemi cezası alabilir.
Garry Rodrigues'in Fenerbahçe performansı
Garry Rodrigues bu sezon Fenerbahçe formasıyla Süper Lig'de oynadığı 9 maçta 2 gol atarken, 1 asist yaptı.
Galatasaray Haberleri FutbolArena'da!合同仲裁的程序
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在员工与公司的劳动纠纷无法和解的时候，员工就会选择具有管辖权的劳动仲裁机关，进行劳动仲裁了，而一旦进行仲裁，双方就需要提供相关的证据来证明事实属实的，那么今天就一起来看看劳动合同丢了怎么仲裁以及相关问题的解答是怎样吧！
一、劳动合同丢了怎么仲裁
劳动合同丢失，不影响申请劳动仲裁。
没有劳动合同，有证明劳动关系的证据是关键，例如工作证或工作牌(最好盖有公章)、工资卡交易记录、工资条、有公司名称的工装、去地税局打印并盖章的个税完税证明、用人单位为你办理的暂住证、考勤记录、社会保险缴纳记录、派工单、同事证言(离职在职的都可以)、录音录像或者其它有你名字和公章或老板签字的的书面材料等；当然，没有证据也是可以申请劳动仲裁的，只是有败诉的风险。
二、签订劳动合同的注意事项是什么
1、劳动合同的形式必须是书面的
劳动合同必须要以书面形式确立来，不能进行口头约定。根据《劳动合同法》第10条的规定：建立劳动关系，应当订立书面劳动合同。已建立劳动关系，未同时订立书面劳动合同的，应当自用工之日起一个月内订立书面劳动合同。用人单位与劳动者在用工前订立劳动合同的，劳动关系自用工之日起建立。劳动合同是劳动者和用人单位之间确立劳动关系的重要证据，任何一方不签劳动合同都要承担相应的法律后果。劳动合同文本由用人单位和劳动者各持一份。
2、劳动合同的必备条款不可少
签订的劳动合同应当包含以下必备条款：(一)用人单位的名称、住所和法定代表人或者主要负责人；(二)劳动者的姓名、住址和居民身份证或者其他有效身份证件号码；(三)劳动合同期限；(四)工作内容和工作地点；(五)工作时间和休息休假；(六)劳动报酬；(七)社会保险；(八)劳动保护、劳动条件和职业危害防护；(九)法律、法规规定应当纳入劳动合同的其他事项。以上条款在劳动合同中都应当包括。
3、劳动者向用人单位支付违约金的情形仅适用于服务期和竞业限制
在签订劳动合同时，用人单位为了防止员工随意离职而给自己造成损失，往往会约定违约金，这些违约金的约定只有针对服务期和竞业限制才发生法律效力。根据《劳动合同法》第22条、23条的规定，劳动者违反服务期的约定、违反竞业限制的约定应当按照约定向用人单位支付违约金。其他情况下约定的违约金为无效约定，不受法律的保护。
三、劳动合同无效的情形有哪些
劳动合同在签订后，如果存在以下情形，签订的劳动合同将会被认定为无效。按照《劳动合同法》第26条的规定：下列劳动合同无效或者部分无效：(一)以欺诈、胁迫的手段或者乘人之危，使对方在违背真实意思的情况下订立或者变更劳动合同的；(二)用人单位免除自己的法定责任、排除劳动者权利的；(三)违反法律、行政法规强制性规定的。对劳动合同的无效或者部分无效有争议的，由劳动争议仲裁机构或者人民法院确认。
看到这里，相信你也了解了相关的知识内容了，因此劳动合同的举证效力是较大的，劳动合同是能证明员工与公司之间存在着劳动关系以及工资福利是怎样的。
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一般来说，员工与公司之间有劳动争议的时候，一旦双方无法进行和解的时候，员工就会前往劳动仲裁机构进行相关劳动争议的仲裁，以此来保证该劳动争议纠纷的解决，那么今天就一起来看看没签合同可以申请仲裁吗以及相关问题的解答是怎样吧！
一、没签合同可以申请仲裁吗
劳动者没有与公司签订书面劳动合同，并不等于劳动者与公司没有劳动关系。只要劳动者与公司存在劳动关系，双方劳动关系存续期间产生的工资待遇、休息休假、劳动保障等方面发生纠纷的，都可以向单位所在地劳动仲裁委员会申请劳动仲裁，是否有劳动合同都不影响申请，但需要提供出劳动合同外的其他证据来证明双方存在事实劳动关系。
二、没有劳动合同申请劳动仲裁要什么证据
1、可以用在社保局打印并盖章的社保清单；
2、去地税局打印并盖章的个税完税证明；
3、银行工资账单、工资条；
4、用人单位为员工办理的暂住证、工牌、工作服工作证等；
5、考勤记录、入职表、派工单；
6、工友同时的证人证言；
7、在职期间还可以通过拍摄工作照、与用人单位交涉录音(录音应注意明确双方身份，和以办信用卡或申请廉租房为由请单位给你出工作证明等来为自己取证。
具备了上述的证据，即可按照《劳动法》、《企业劳动争议处理条件》、《劳动人事争议仲裁办案规则》的有关规定按申请、审查受理、仲裁准备、仲裁审理的程序进行劳动仲裁。
三、相关劳动仲裁的法律条文是什么
《劳动合同法》第十四条：用人单位自用工之日起满一年不与劳动者订立书面劳动合同的，视为用人单位与劳动者已订立无固定期限劳动合同。
第八十二条：用人单位自用工之日起超过一个月不满一年未与劳动者订立书面劳动合同的，应当向劳动者每月支付二倍的工资。
《中华人民共和国劳动争议调解仲裁法》第二十七条：劳动争议申请仲裁的时效期间为一年。仲裁时效期间从当事人知道或者应当知道其权利被侵害之日起计算。
前款规定的仲裁时效，因当事人一方向对方当事人主张权利，或者向有关部门请求权利救济，或者对方当事人同意履行义务而中断。从中断时起，仲裁时效期间重新计算。
因不可抗力或者有其他正当理由，当事人不能在本条第一款规定的仲裁时效期间申请仲裁的，仲裁时效中止。从中止时效的原因消除之日起，仲裁时效期间继续计算。
劳动关系存续期间因拖欠劳动报酬发生争议的，劳动者申请仲裁不受本条第一款规定的仲裁时效期间的限制；但是，劳动关系终止的，应当自劳动关系终止之日起一年内提出。
看到这里，相信你也了解了相关的知识内容了，因此在进行劳动仲裁的时候，是不需要员工与公司有劳动合同的，但是要确保彼此之间是有劳动关系在的。
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在我们现实生活中，一些个体或者事业单位短时期招聘一个人没有签订劳动合同，但是却发生了纠纷，对于这种能不能申请劳动仲裁呢？以及无合同劳动仲裁争议怎么解决呢？下面就为大家带来的无合同劳动仲裁争议怎么解决相关内容，一起来看看吧。
一、无合同劳动仲裁争议怎么解决
根据劳动部《关于贯彻执行〈中华人民共和国劳动法〉若干问题的意见》第82条规定，如果用人单位与劳动者发生劳动争议，不论是否签订劳动合同，只要存在事实劳动关系，并符合劳动法的适用范围和《中华人民共和国企业劳动争议处理条例》的受案范围，劳动仲裁委员会均应受理。
当事人对仲裁裁决不服的，可在接到裁决书之日起15日内向指定的人民法院起诉，期满双方均未起诉的，须按期执行裁决内容，否则另一方可向人民法院申请强制执行。
二、申请劳动仲裁的条件有哪些
1、用人单位与本单位劳动者之间，因与劳动有关的权利、义务、问题引起的纠纷，双方当事人均可申请仲裁。
2、当事人为属合资、中外合资及外商独资企业或所属职工，发生劳动争议应到市劳动争议仲裁委员会申请仲裁。
3、当事人与国有、集体、个体、联营、股份制和乡镇企业之间发生的劳动争议，或机关、事业单位、群众团体和与之形成劳动关系的劳动者之间发生的劳动争议，应到该单位(工商登记注册地)所在的区县劳动争议仲裁委员会申请仲裁。
4、劳动仲裁部门受理以下劳动争议：因企业开除、除名、辞退职工和职工辞职、自动离职发生的争议;因执行国家有关工资、保险、福利、培训、劳动保护规定的争议;因履行劳动合同发生的争议;国家法律、法规规定的其他劳动争议。
三、申请劳动仲裁的时效是多久?
劳动争议申请仲裁的时效期间为一年。仲裁时效期间从当事人知道或者应当知道其权利被侵害之日起计算。前款规定的仲裁时效，因当事人一方向对方当事人主张权利，或者向有关部门请求权利救济，或者对方当事人同意履行义务而中断。从中断时起，仲裁时效期间重新计算。
因不可抗力或者有其他正当理由，当事人不能在本条第一款规定的仲裁时效期间申请仲裁的，仲裁时效中止。从中止时效的原因消除之日起，仲裁时效期间继续计算。
劳动关系存续期间因拖欠劳动报酬发生争议的，劳动者申请仲裁不受本条第一款规定的仲裁时效期间的限制;但是，劳动关系终止的，应当自劳动关系终止之日起一年内提出。
以上就是为大家带来无合同劳动仲裁争议怎么解决全部内容。总的来说，没有合同的劳动关系假如是事实关系的话是可以申请劳动仲裁的，这一点我们要清楚。
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当下社会，在我们的日常生活中，有的案件会要求仲裁，在农业承包合同纠纷发生后，很多人也会选择仲裁的方式解决，那农业承包合同纠纷仲裁程序是什么？如果想要诉讼，承包合同的纠纷管辖地怎么确定？针对这几个问题下面为您解答疑惑，希望能够对您有所帮助。
一、农业承包合同纠纷仲裁程序是什么
1、农业承包合同纠纷仲裁，实行一次裁决和复议制度，申请仲裁期限为一年，自当事人知道或应当知道其权利被侵害之日起计算。
2、当事人申请仲裁应提交申请书，注明具体的仲裁请求和事实理由。当事人可以委托一至两名代理人。
3、仲裁委员会收到仲裁申请之日起十五日内作出是否受理的决定，并通知当事人。
4、由首席仲裁员一人和仲裁员二人组成仲裁庭，简单的农业承包合同纠纷可由仲裁委员会主任指定一名仲裁员独立审理。
5、立案受理7日内，将申请书副本和受理通知书送达被申请人通知其在十五日内提交答辩书和有关证据。不提交的，不影响案件仲裁。因特殊需要，仲裁委员会有权现场受理并裁决纠纷案件。
6、一方当事人因另一方当事人的行为或者其它原因，可能使裁决不能执行或难以执行的，可以依法申请财产保全。
7、因纠纷停止生产活动的，案件受理后可裁定先行恢复生产，然后解决纠纷。
8、案件遵循先调解后仲裁原则，调解未达成协议或者调解书送达前，当事人一方反悔的，应当仲裁。
9、当事人认为仲裁员与本案有利害关系可能影响公正仲裁的，有权申请回避。仲裁员的回避由仲裁委员会决定。
10、仲裁庭可派出两名以上工作人员共同向有关单位和个人调查取证，对案件有关事项可委托有关单位进行技术鉴定，也可到当事人约定的鉴定部门鉴定。十一、开庭审理案件事先应将开庭的时间、地点书面通知当事人，当事人经两次通知无故缺席的，可作缺席仲裁。
12、仲裁庭按程序开庭审理案件，制作庭审笔录。当事人或代理人、证人应当在庭审笔录上签字。
13、裁决按照多数仲裁员的意见作出，不能形成多数意见时，裁决按照首席仲裁员的意见作出。
14、裁决后作出仲裁决定书。由仲裁员签名，加盖仲裁委员会印章，持不同意见的仲裁员可以签名，也可以不签名。
15、仲裁决定书作出后七日内将仲裁决定书送达当事人，当事人签收日期为送达日期。当事人拒绝接受或下落不明的，参照民事诉讼有关规定送达。
16、当事人对仲裁决定不服的，可在仲裁决定书送达之日起三十日内向人民法院起诉。逾期不起诉的仲裁决定即生效。
二、承包合同的纠纷管辖地怎么确定
（一）以前的法律关于承包合同纠纷管辖地的确定：承包合同履行地或者被告住所地法院管辖
最高人民法院关于审理农业承包合同纠纷案件若干问题的规定
第一条 农业承包合同的当事人因承包合同发生纠纷向人民法院起诉的，人民法院应当依法受理。
第二条 发包方所属的半数以上村民，以签订承包合同时违反《中华人民共和国土地管理法》和《中华人民共和国村民委员会组织法》等法律规定的民主议定原则，或者其所签合同内容违背多数村民意志，损害集体和村民利益为由，以发包方为被告，要求确认承包合同的效力提起诉讼的，人民法院应当依法受理，并可通知承包方作为第三人参加诉讼。
第三条 农业承包合同纠纷案件，由承包合同履行地或者被告住所地人民法院管辖。
（二）民事诉讼法及司法解释新规定的关于土地承包合同纠纷诉讼管辖地的规定：不动产所在地管辖
《民事诉讼法》第三十三条规定：下列案件，由本条规定的人民法院专属管辖：
(一)因不动产纠纷提起的诉讼，由不动产所在地人民法院管辖;
(二)因港口作业中发生纠纷提起的诉讼，由港口所在地人民法院管辖;
(三)因继承遗产纠纷提起的诉讼，由被继承人死亡时住所地或者主要遗产所在地人民法院管辖。
《民诉法解释》第28条第二项规定，农村土地承包经营合同纠纷、房屋租赁合同纠纷、建设工程施工合同纠纷、政策性房屋买卖合同纠纷，按照不动产纠纷确定管辖。不动产已登记的，以不动产登记簿记载的所在地为不动产所在地;不动产未登记的，以不动产实际所在地为不动产所在地。
所以，土地承包经营合同纠纷，按照不动产纠纷确定，以不动产所在地确定管辖。
通过上文为您详细介绍的关于“农业承包合同纠纷仲裁程序是什么”的相关知识，相信大家看了之后对农业承包合同纠纷的解决都有了一定的了解了。
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核心内容：什么是经济合同仲裁？它的仲裁程序是怎样的？经济合同仲裁是指经济合同当事人之间发生纠纷，双方协商不成，根据一方当事人的申请，由经济合同仲裁机关依法
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off a dike and downstream to a bridge, where they piled up.
Officials and the local news media are reluctant to give an exact figure of the number of dead in the town. Estimates range from three to eight.
The carcasses of livestock from up the valley, whole cottages and parts of large buildings, huge trees, kiosks and trailers came tumbling through the lower part of town "like ice cubes." Some buildings were completely leveled and carried off.
More than 1,500 apartments in Klodzko were flooded; over 7,000 residents of a total population of 32,000 were forced to flee; some 600 families have no home to return to because they were either destroyed or so heavily damaged that they will have to be demolished. More than 200 small private firms -- the backbone of the region's economic transformation -- were wiped out by the flood waters.
Cieslawski says the lesson of the flood is that state services such as meteorological and related services should be in a position to communicate directly with the public at times of danger. He says radio and television must be a part of this effort. One can't rely on anything that is dependent on trunk telephone and electricity lines, which are the first to be knocked out of service in a flood, he concludes.
Cieslawski says anti-flooding measures such as raising and reinforcing river banks must be undertaken at the source of the flooding. The municipal secretary says this must be financed from above since local communities simply don't have the money to finance such public works projects.
Humanitarian aid is pouring in but is almost more than local officials can handle. The Roman Catholic church's aid organization Caritas is taking an unusually low profile role in aid distribution -- largely leaving it up to local officials, who say they are overwhelmed and show signs of exhaustion.
At the sports hall, a small crowd waits in a line for food, clothing and bottled drinking water. Municipal aid officials say some 500 residents have been given special identification cards enabling them to receive assistance which is arriving by the truck load from other parts of Poland.
The town's church was badly hit by the flood. At the Franciscan monastery, flood waters nearly four meters high, 20 centimeters higher than the highest recorded flood in 1783, inundated the cloister and church, sweeping away anything that wasn't firmly bolted down, destroying statues, candelabra, paintings and crosses.
One week after the flood waters receded, the streets in Klodzko's lower town are still coated with a thick layer of mud. Shopkeepers are busy hosing down a few salvageable items that weren't swept away, destroyed or stolen.
"What the flood waters didn't take, thieves did," said one butcher shop employee. Store interiors stores are ruined from having been submerged for three whole days. The walls smell of mold and decay. The streets smell like fish mixed with disinfectant.
At a shop selling an assortment of goods -- bicycles, household chemicals, sports items, leather and metal products -- an employee, Tereza Galaz, says it will be at least another month before the place is sufficiently clean to reopen.
"There is nothing to save. There is no point. There is no money," she says. Virtually everything has been destroyed. Just a few bicycles are still in working order. She and the owner of the business fear that they have lost so much to the flood and thieves that they may well have to declare bankruptcy.Ve bu çok uzun zaman önceydi ve mülk hala ailenin içinde dedi Carroll,Escort İzmir güzellikle verir aceleyle Maruja nın gözlerini cevapladı. Son yüz yıl içinde hiçbir erkek varisi bulunmadı, diye devam etti Maruja, hala Carroll la ilgili. En büyük kızı olan annem Don İzmir Jose Saltonstall ile ailenin isteklerine karşı evlendiğinde, lanetin düşeceği söylendi. Tabii ki Caballeros, Micheltorrena nın sahte hibelerinin keşfedildiği yıl oldu. Davamızda hükümetiniz Yüzbaşı,karşıyaka escort llano bölgesinin on ligini komşumuz Doktor Batı ya teslim ettik. Ah, geçen gün burada öğle yemeğine gelerek gri başlı beyefendi, arkadaş mısın, o zaman? Kötü niyetiniz yok mu? Dedi Garnier. Ne yaparsın? Dedi Maruja, omuzlarının hafifçe silkerek. Carroll, Parasını sahtekaya yatırdı, İzmir muhabbetçileriniz onayı onayladı ve sahtecilik olmadığını söyledi, dedi Carroll.Alınan kınama rağmen Carroll rahatladı. Garnier in varlığından sabretmeye başladı ve davasını yenilemeyi çok istedi. Maruja, Belki de en büyük kız kardeşi olmak hep korkunç; ancak lanetin direkt çizgisinde ne olduğunu düşün diye ekleyen Maruja, Belki de Amita SHE S ücretsiz Sevdiği gibi yapın, hiçbir aile sorumluluğu olmadan yoksulken!Gözlerini düşürdü, ancak Carroll un parlak gözlerini tekrar aradıktan ve yarı yarıya reproved olana kadar.
Escort İzmir güzellikle verir
Ancak, dedi Garnier, kolay güvenliğinden ve nazik kayıtsızlıktan hemen hemen sert bir sabırsızlıktan ani bir değişiklikle Mademoiselle, bu saçmalıktan en az inancınız olduğunu karşıyaka escort söylemek istemezsiniz, bu gülünç canard dedi.Maruja nın düz ağzı dişlerine hızla sıktı.İzmir Carroll a önemli bir bakış fırlattı, ancak anında eski halini sürdürdü.Benim gibi budalacı bir kızın ne düşündüğü çok önemli, ailenin geri kalanında, hizmetçilerde ve danalarda bile, hepsi inandılar, dinlerinin bir parçasıydı. Armut ağacının etrafındaki bu çiçeklere bakıp dağılmışlardı. Hint höyüğü Onlar düzenli olarak kutsal günlerde ve festallerde yollarını buluyorlar.Onlar çöp değil Mösyö Garnier; onlar tarafsızlık fedakarlıkları yapıyorlar.İzmir Pereo, bu alışılmış törenlerden vazgeçsek, tembelliğin casa yı yutacağına inanıyor. Babamın bu modern ilaveleri eski kerpiç evinin kalbinde inşa etmeye zorlamış olması, saçma bir halde bırakması, böylece lanetin ima yoluyla bile yerine getirilemeyeceği saçmalıktır dedi.O kadar çok ciddiyet ve tutkunun havasını kabul etmişti; Saten yüzü sadece renkten daha karşıyaka escort şaşırtıcı derecede yumuşak duyarlı bir ışıkla aydınlandı, Garnier, tüm özverili gözler ve İzmir nazik kibir, patladı: Fakat bu lanet, kutsama enkarnasyonundan önce zararsız düşmelidir; Bayan Saltonstall ın Meleklerden daha korku, iyiliği sayesinde cazibesiyle önceden belirlenmiş,Escort İzmir güzellikle verir sonsuza kadar kaldırmaktır.
Bu ilana 11 kez bakıldı.
Sıradaki Aldığın Paranın Karşılığını Ver adlı karşıyaka escort tüm detayları ile sizlerle.Review Article of Advances in Research and Reviews
Conflict Resolution Among The Gumuz Communities: Mangima Institution In The Twentieth Century
Bogale Aligaiz Agalu
Agewmider Preparatory School, Department of History, Injibara
This study critically inspected the Mangima conflict resolution within Gumuz society in Metekel Zone, Bineshangul Gumuz National Regional state, Ethiopia. Mangima institution played a significant role in resolving conflicts as well as contributed to the establishment of peaceful relations within Gumuz communities in each districts of region. Gumuz are one of the indigenous peoples have settled in the region. Their conflict was instigated by the problems related to marriage, abducting girls, elopement, adultery, incest, belief in evil eye, Gäfia (Witch doctor), deliberate killings for heroism, competitions over the use of land resources, insults and failure to pay back debts. The Gumuz inhabited areas of Metekel was purposively selected for this study. The data was collected using key informants interview and focus group discussion. Gumuz elders and local leaders that appointed during the regime were independently interviewed and focus group discussions attended by five groups through 20 peoples in each group on the issues of conflict generating practices and the role Mangima conflict resolution within Gumuz communities. The sources are critically collected, examined and then analyzed. The legitimacies of the sources are cross-checked one against the other.
Keywords: Intra-Ethnic Conflict, Indigenous conflict resolution, Mangima institution.
How to cite this article:
Bogale Aligaiz Agalu.Conflict Resolution Among The Gumuz Communities: Mangima Institution In The Twentieth Century. Advances in Research and Reviews, 2020, 1:11
1. Folder No.278, File No.51
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8. Dereje Seyoum(2010). “The Role of Local Gov-ernment in Conflict Management: The Case of MESO Woreda.”An Anthology of Peace and Se-curity Research in Collaboration with Friedrich Stiftung, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
9. Desalegn Amsalu(2010). The Nature of Awi- Gumuz Relations: – The Dynamics of Ethnicity in Ethiopia. USA: VDM verg.
10. Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia Popu-lation Census Commission Central Statistical Agency(2010). The 2007 Population and Housing Census of Ethiopia: Statistical Report for Ben-ishangul Gumuz Region. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
11. Melkamu Bessie(2004). “Fiscal Decentralization in Benishangul Gumuz Region: A Review of Problems of Fiscal Imbalance.” M.A. Thesis in Regional and Local Development Studies, Addis Ababa University.
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18. Wood, Adrian P(1993). “Natural Resource Con-flict in South-West Ethiopia: State, Communities and the Role of the National Conservation Strat-egy in the Search for Sustainable Develop-ment.” Nordic Journal of African Studies, Vol.2 (2), No.83-99, University of Huddersfield: Uk, 84.
This work and its PDF file(s) are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.در این فیلم از آموزش پرورش قارچ، نشان داده می شود که چگونه در یک شهر کوچک و همین طور در مکان هایی کوچک، 400 میلیون قارچ در یکسال تولید می شود.
“برای بارگیری سریع تر در پخش آنلاین، از کیفیت پایین تر فیلم استفاده شده است. برای دانلود این ویدئو با کیفیت اصلی به ادامه مطلب مراجعه نمایید”Taken just minutes after the bomb fell, as incomprehensible horror unfolded below.
Honkawa Elementary School
In the center of Hiroshima, in a part of the city totally destroyed by the explosion and ensuing fires, a long-lost photograph taken shortly after the blast has been discovered among a collection of articles about the bombing.
The picture is a rare glimpse of the bomb's immediate aftermath, showing the distinct two-tiered cloud as it was seen from Kaitaichi, part of present-day Kaita, six miles east of Hiroshima's center. Reprints of the image did appear in a 1988 Japanese-language publication, but the whereabouts of the original were unknown. There are only a couple of other photos in existence (two, possibly three) that capture the cloud from the vantage point of the ground; and, according to the Japanese paper Asahi Shimbun, there is only one other photograph that provides as clear a picture of the separated tiers of the cloud, and that is a photo taken from the Enola Gay as it zipped away.
The Asahi Shimbun and AFP reports about the recently recovered photo point to a bit of confusion over when, exactly, it was taken. On the back of the photo, a note puts the time at two minutes after the blast. But in the 1988 book in which the picture was reprinted, the editors placed it 20 to 30 minutes later. Would it be possible to assess the validity of these conflicting figures based solely on the evidence in the picture?
I reached out to American Institute of Physics nuclear historian Alex Wellerstein to see if a more definite answer were possible. He compared the image to other photos whose timestamps we more or less know, as well as to a chart prepared by Manhattan Project scientists depicting the cloud's progression. "In looking at those," he said, "it looks like it was taken slightly after another photo which is supposed to be the cloud at about 20,000 feet." That elevation -- 20,000 feet -- would have been reached about two to three minutes after the explosion, and this picture was taken slightly after that.
"There are photos taken about 10 minutes after, which show that the cloud is a really different shape at that point," he continued. Based on that timeline, he places this picture somewhere within the two-to-five-minute window, and rules out the 20-to-30-minute window.
Appendix to a report, "The Atomic Bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki," prepared by the Manhattan Engineer District, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, June 29, 1946. (Alex Wellerstein)
As you look at the photo, your mind inevitably turns to the people below. What was it like in those first few minutes after the bomb? I asked Wellerstein and he replied:
Most of the direct effects of the bomb are going to be delivered in the first 10 seconds or so -- and a lot of them faster than that. You've already got the first thing that happens, which is this huge amount of radiation and heat: Anybody who's exposed to radiation might not die instantly, but they're going to die to pretty soon, within a week or so. The heat is going to give people third-degree burns within a fairly wide radius.
A few seconds later there's this huge pressure blast. It's like a big puff of air. It blows in all the windows; it tips over the little stoves that they use for cooking breakfast. This happens at 8:15 or so in the morning, so it tips over all those little, tiny charcoal stoves. So by a couple of minutes, you've got the beginnings of a very large fire. It's not yet at a firestorm -- that happens pretty soon afterward -- but you've got all these little tiny fires, started either by the heat of the bomb itself or by the fact that all of these fire sources are knocked over and these Japanese houses are all made out of wood and paper.
And, as bad as that is, the worst was yet to come: "From a couple of minutes after and continuing for several hours, everything is on fire, everyone is confused. A lot of people are dead. A lot of people are dead but don't know it yet -- they've been exposed to fatal amounts of radiation. So it's pretty bad on the ground at that time." As the fire spreads, the winds pick up, creating tornado-like conditions which, as Father John A. Siemes -- a Catholic priest living at Novitiate of the Society of Jesus in Nagatsuke, about two kilometers away -- later remembered, "begins to uproot large trees, and lifts them high into the air."As winter approaches, insects come up with a variety of strategies to survive the freezing temperatures of the season. Most head for some cover (including our homes!) where they will be partially insulated from the most severe effects of the weather.
But more fundamentally, insects undergo body changes that favor their cold-hardiness. One of the most common changes is that they produce glycerol in their blood -- a natural anti-freeze. Insects also can partially dehydrate their cells which further lowers their freezing point.
Furthermore, to ensure that the insect does not emerge prematurely during a winter warm spell, it goes into a state of semi-dormancy, known as diapause. Diapause can only be broken when the proper environmental signal is received, such as a critical day length or a minimum period of chilling. until the diapause signal occurs, insects remain dormant and inactive.
Photo: Connor Sedbrook
© CSU/Denver County Extension Master Gardener 2010
888 E. Iliff Avenue
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Hindu bhakti
Kabir suggested that True God is with the person who is on the path of righteousness.
Kabir’s legacy survives and continues through the Kabir panth (“Path of Kabir”).
Varanasi, Sayyid dynasty
Maghar, Lodhi dynasty
Occupation Weaver, poet
Known for Influencing the Bhakti movement, Sant
Mat and Kabir Panth movements. Having hymns
included in the Guru Granth Sahib
Movement Bhakti (Ramananda's disciple)
Parents Neeru (father)
Early life and Background
Kabir Das Working as a craftsman
● Kabir Saheb was born in 1398 (Samvat 1455), on the full moon day of Jyeshtha month at the time of
Brahmamuharta. There is a considerbale scholarly debate on the circumstances surrounding Kabir's
birth. A few accounts mention that he was raised by a Muslim weaver, Niru and his wife Nima.
● Kabir is widely believed to have become one of the many disciples of the Bhakti poet-sant
Swami Ramananda in Varanasi, known for devotional Vaishnavism with a strong bent to monist Advaita
philosophy teaching that God was inside every person, everything.
● Early texts about his life place him with Vaishnava tradition of Hinduism as well as the Sufi tradition of
Islam. According to Irfan Habib, the two manuscript versions of the Persian text Dabistan-i-Mazahib are
the earliest known texts with biographical information about Kabir. The Dabistan-i-Mazahib states Kabir is
a "Bairagi" (Vaishnava yogi) and states he is a disciple of Ramanand (the text refers to him repeatedly as
● Kabir composed poems in a pithy and
earthy style, fused with imagery.
● His poems were in vernacular Hindi,
borrowing from various dialects including
Avadhi, Braj, and Bhojpuri.
● His verbally composed poems of wisdom
● Literary works with compositions
attributed to Kabir include Kabir Bijak,
Kabir Parachai, Sakhi Granth, Adi Granth
(Sikh), and Kabir Granthawali (Rajasthan)
Kabir Das 1952 Indian Postage
Famous poetry and sayings
● If God be within the mosque, then to whom does this world belong? If Ram be
within the image which you find upon your pilgrimage, then who is there to know
what happens without?
Hari is in the East, Allah is in the West.
Look within your heart, for there you will find both Karim and Ram;
All the men and women of the world are His living forms. Kabir is the child of Allah
and of Ram: He is my Guru, He is my Pir.
- Kabir, III.2, Translated by Rabindranath Tagore
● Kabir's couplets suggest he was persecuted for his views, while he was alive. He
stated, for example,
Saints I see the world is mad. If I tell the truth they rush to beat me, if I lie they trust
me. For, without soap or water, he will scrub your character clean.
Bura Jo Dekhan Main Chala,
Bura Naa Milya Koye
Jo Munn Khoja Apnaa, To
Mujhse Bura Naa Koye
Aag Jo Lagi Samand Mein, Dhuan Na
So Jane Jo Jarmua, Jaki Lagi Hoye
Aasa Jive Jag Marey, Log Marey
Soyee Sube Dhan Sanchate, So
Ubrey Jey Khayee
Aisee Vani Boliye, Mun Ka Aapa
Apna Tan Sheetal Kare, Auran
Ko Sukh Hoye
● Kabir's legacy continues to be carried forward
by the Kabir panth ("Path of Kabir"), a
religious community that recognises him as
its founder and is one of the Sant Mat sects
● Kabir's literature legacy was championed by
two of his disciples, Bhāgodās and
● Songs of Kabir were collected by Kshitimohan
Sen from mendicants across India, these
were then translated to English by
● Kabir has been criticised for his depiction of
women. According to Kabir, a woman
prevents man's spiritual progress.
● Woman ruins everything when she comes
near man; Devotion, liberation, and divine
knowledge no longer enter his soul.
- Kabir, Translated by Nikky-Guninder KaurWHY does the Moon look the same size as the Sun in the sky? This coincidence,
which makes the spectacle of total eclipses possible, has been crying out for an
explanation. Now an astronomer in Seattle has proposed one. If he’s right, there
is a surprising connection between the conditions required for a total eclipse
and for the emergence of intelligent life.
The coincidence in the apparent sizes of the Moon and the Sun occurs because
the Sun, though 400 times bigger than the Moon, is also 400 times farther away.
In fact, the Moon sometimes looks a shade bigger than the Sun, which is
essential for a “perfect eclipse” when the sky is dark enough for you to see the
Sun’s faint outer atmosphere, or corona.
Because tidal effects cause the Moon to slowly recede from the Earth, perfect
eclipses have been visible only for about 150 million years and will continue
for only another 150 million years, about 5 per cent of the current age of the
Earth. Furthermore, Earth is the only planet in our Solar System where a perfect
eclipse is visible, although there are 64 other moons.
So are we just extraordinarily lucky? Guillermo Gonzalez of the University of
Washington in Seattle thinks not. He points out that our distance from the Sun,
and hence its apparent size, is a necessary condition for us to be here. “If we
were a little nearer or farther from the Sun, the Earth would be too hot or too
cold and so uninhabitable,” says Gonzalez.
At the same time our existence depends on an unusually large moon since its
pull stops the Earth wobbling around too much on its axis and causing wild and
catastrophic swings in climate like those on Mars. Our Moon, which is unusually
large compared to those in almost all other planet-moon systems, probably formed
from molten material blasted from the Earth during the impact of a giant body
more than 4 billion years ago.
In the current issue of Astronomy & Geophysics (vol 40, p 3.18),
Gonzalez points out that the way the Moon formed means it started off very close
to the Earth and has taken several billion years to move far enough away until
it precisely covers the Sun during an eclipse. “The timescale is very similar to
that of the appearance of intelligent life,” he says. “It is therefore not such
a big coincidence that we are around at the time when it is possible to see
Gonzalez’s explanation has generated much interest among astronomers, though
most remain cautious. “The timescale argument of Gonzalez needs more checking,”
says John Barrow of the University of Sussex.
If Gonzalez is right, then all extraterrestrials, wherever they are, are
likely to live on planets like ours that experience total eclipses. But since an
unusually large Moon is rare, he says, this suggests that both ETs and total
eclipses are very rare indeed.Precocious. That was the single adjective used to describe a child displaying some natural talent straying from the normal. A generational leap later, I am not so sure that the word holds the meaning it used to. Every second toddler these days seems to display a natural likeness for things digital. So, it is easy to assume that they will take to computers as a fish takes to water.
For the average kid (I won’t talk about someone like Lim Ding Wen here, though I will use his cute photo as the thumbnail alongside), computers and smartphones are fun tools. Education comes much later. Getting a kid excited about programming might take some doing because logic needs a bit of time to develop. It is imagination and creativity which arrive first. That’s where the crux of these ten tools lie…using creative tools to get children excited about programming.
Just to illustrate the potential of creative teaching that should help to light the fire, here’s a TED Talk by Conrad Wolfram. Slightly unrelated, but do watch it to understand why kids (once, you and me too) lose interest in mathematics. It will also explain the dire need to take instructions out of their rigid strictures and throw them into the real world and everyday living. He advocates using programming to teach math. And thus, make it more fun, instead of forcing them to learn a subject.
10 Tools That Should Help With Learning Programming Creatively
From games to programming tools, from logic to intuition, let’s take a gander at ten tools that should help to show that programming is not all about functions and loops. Here are the honorable mentions (restricted to ten programming tools).
Learn cool things about: Control structures in programming with the help of basic datatypes like words, lists, and arrays.
Logo is one of the oldest educational programming languages. It was created in 1967 for educational use and can be used to teach the basic of computer science. It is well known for its implementation of Turtle Graphics. From its early days, it has evolved and branched out into different versions for all operating systems. For instance, Elica is a Windows implementation which advances Logo into areas of 3d animation. The Turtle Academy is a nice resource for some hands on learning with this functional programming language. There are many resources like Turtle Logo and to tap into.
What a child might like: Teaching the turtle with movement and location commands to draw basic shapes and line graphics.
Learn cool things about: Visual interactivity without learning programming syntax.
You cannot argue with 3,000,000 documented projects. Scratch has a worldwide community to boast of and therein lies the richness of learning. With Scratch, you can create interactive stories, animations, and even games. Here, let me direct you to a previous in-depth look into Scratch and just why kids might love it.
What a child might like: The scope to imagine things without learning about complicated programming concepts. Just drag and drop the sprites.
Learn cool things about: Object oriented concepts with programmable scripts.
EToys is similar to Scratch in that it is a media enriched visual tool for creating cool computer programs. The idea behind the project is to foster creative and critical thinking. EToys runs as a standalone program and also in browsers (with the plug-in) across all platforms. EToys is extensible globally because it is available in several languages and is Open Source. Interestingly, it was first developed at Apple and has been universally used in the One Laptop per Child project.
What a child might like: 2D and 3D graphics supported by text, images, and sound files which can be made interactive and combined with help of easy scripts.
Learn cool things about: Programmable scripts and how a program flows from one step to the next.
What a child might like: Drag and drop script blocks in the browser. Script blocks are described in simple English.
Learn cool things about:
The programming environment has the fun element with cartoons and animated characters. The full version is a 126 MB free download and runs on all versions of Windows and Mac (with Virtual PC). The site expresses it best – Inside of ToonTalk’s animated world you will build and run all sorts of computer programs. While learning how to program you will face challenging puzzles, express your creativity, learn new ways to solve problems, and have loads of fun!
ToonTalk version 3.0 is now free.
What a child might like: Play the puzzle games to see how things are built on ToonTalk.
Learn cool things about: How solving a puzzle in the most efficient way develops structured thinking.
Today, it’s more likely a kid will have an iPad in his hand rather than a laptop. Cargo -Bot is actually a free iPad puzzle and logic game which was developed on Codea. You have to ‘teach’ a robot arm on a platform how to move a bunch of crates across 36 different puzzles. Cargo-Bot is more about logic rather than pure programming. But if you succeed (and it is not easy to do so), you will have learnt a lot about structured thinking. Codea itself is a recommended app if you want to learn about developing apps for iOS. It’s a $9.99 investment which should give a return in knowledge if not anything else.
What a child might like: It’s a game that teaches programming without the child realizing it.
Learn cool things about: Ruby.
If you want to make your child learn a specific programming language, Ruby is a good choice. It is an object oriented language and a majority of web apps (e.g. Amazon and Twitter) are also coded with it. It is a simple language because the syntax is comparatively intuitive and has fewer command calls. It works on all operating systems and is free. There is also a huge community out there teaching and learning the language. The screencast tutorials, games, and examples at Ruby for Kids should be a firm stepping stone for adults and kids alike.
What a child might like How you can use Ruby to develop web games.
Learn cool things about: Learn computer programming the old fashioned way; by also understanding the hardware.
For those who came in late, Raspberry Pi is a credit-card sized computer that can be programmed to be used just like a desktop PC. It was developed as a low cost solution to teach computer science at schools. Raspberry Pi has many interesting uses and every day the community behind it comes up with a novel one. The Raspberry Pi platform uses Open Source hardware and software and is perfectly placed for young geeky minds to exploit them to the hilt. But how is it being used in schools currently? The Raspberry Foundation site gives us a few clues.
What a child might like: How about learning how to program in an hour?
Learn cool things about: How to program a robot and thus the basics of robotics.
RoboMind is a programming and educational tool with its own scripting language called ROBO. The compact and simple language does not require prior knowledge. The programming objective is to make a virtual robot move around on a two-dimensional grid and exhibit simple actions. It teaches the learner the common principles of programming that can be applied anywhere. It is available as a free download for Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux.
What a child might like: Learning the basics of artificial intelligence and later using it on real world robots like the kits available from LEGO Mindstorms NXT 2.0.
Teaching kids how to code and program is pretty much a part of edutainment now. For today’s society, it is important that its citizens learn to look beyond the comfort of applications and appliances and understand how they really work. We know how to use computers, but we should also know how to program them. So, at stake is all the innovation that has yet to happen. As this in-depth CNN article says, “computer class” can’t be about teaching kids to use today’s software; it must be about teaching kids to make tomorrow’s software.
Do you agree?
مدیرعامل شرکت ملی پخش فراوردههای نفتی ایران از رشد48 درصدی انتقال فراورده های نفتی در بخش نیروگاهی کشور در شش ماه نخست امسال نسبت به مدت مشابه پارسال خبر داد.
به گزارش پایگاه اطلاع رسانی صبا به نقل از واحد مرکزی خبر، آقای سالاری با اشاره به اهمیت سوخت رسانی به بخش نیروگاهی کشور افزود: متناسب با افزایش حدود50 درصدی مصرف در نیروگاه های کشور در شش ماه نخست سال، تحویل سوخت به نیروگاه ها نیز افزایش یافته است و هم اکنون موجودی این بخش وضع مطلوبی دارد . وی گفت: پارسال بیش از هفت میلیارد لیتر سوخت به وسیله نفتکش های جاده پیما در کشور حمل شد که 85 درصد حمل سوخت را در شامل می شد. مدیرعامل شرکت ملی پخش فراورده های نفتی ایران با اشاره به حمل و انتقال 57 درصد سوخت بخش نیروگاهی از طریق راه آهن در سال 89 افزود: در این مدت بیش از یک میلیارد و200 میلیون لیتر سوخت به وسیله لکوموتیوهای مخزن دار راه آهن حمل شد.这样，对该用户的个人资料感兴趣的公司和媒体 会立即收到他们可以出价的要约。 在广告商对出价进行评级后， 他们出价以使其广告作为横幅广告、浮动广告或单个广告出现在网页上 。 小编会选择最适合你的 。 最后， 公告被纳入中标者的网站 ，他被告知发布。 优点 这种实时投标过程为用户提供了多种好处。以下是一些显着的好处。
它允许 对受众进行智能细分，这有利于覆盖范围。 这 为广告商节省了大量资金，因为他们只需为与对该提案感兴趣的公共部分相关联的印象付费。 实时产生出色的 营销投资回报。 通过允许您快速 阿曼号码数据 摆脱难以销售的库存来增加媒体 的收入。 提高广告策略的有效性。 我们使用最先进的潜在客户生成技术 我们公司是绩效营销方面的专家，这就是为什么他们使用适当的技术和策略来实现 智能创建的定制数据库 并使用最先进的潜在客户生成工具。
这种所谓的潜在客户生成使公司可以采取行动来吸引潜在客户，因为此过程首先吸引对特定产品或服务表现出兴趣的消费者的注意力。 从这个意义上说， 我们的机构是创建具有强大细分能力的高质量数据库的专家，以增加业务成功的机会并促进链接转换为正确的客户。 我们为程序化广告制定最佳营销策略 考虑到程序化广告使用完全基于算法的系统来建立在线媒体可用空间与广告商资料数据之间的关系。 我们采用有效的策略，专注于客户的目标， 以促进他们的业务发展。 这样， 用户将能够在浏览时实时收到更符合他们口味的广告优惠 ，从而在未来的潜在客户和相关公司之间提供更好的互动。 公司是了解用户变量的专家，例如兴趣、品味、性别、社会地位、位置、他们连接的设备以及浏览的首选时间。除了定义正确的策。از آنجایی که خودرو جدید Acura NSX هوندا بعد از معرفی اخیر، بیشترین جذابیت را از خود نشان داده است، اتوموبیل جدید تویوتا سوپرا نیز با طراحی عالی و ظاهری فوق شیک ارائه می شود و مجموعه دیگری از تصاویر تویوتا سوپرا ۲۰۲۰ ممکن است در این هفته به اینترنت راه پیدا کند.
شما می توانید ویدئو معرفی رسمی خودرو ۲۰۱۹ Honda NSX را در زیر مشاهده کنید:
در نهایت، ما در ماه ژانویه در نمایشگاه خودروی ۲۰۱۹ Detroit نمونه واقعی آن را در فلز واقعی مشاهده می کنیم، اما در حال حاضر، این بهترین نگاه ماست.
تصاویر از سمت طرفداران SupraMKV.com می آیند؛ یک کاربر می گوید تویوتا این عکس Supra را به دنبال یک لیست انتظار برای ثبت نام در وب سایت آلمانی اش نشان می دهد.
این یک راه بسیار بد برای معرفی کردن و پیش بینی یک خودرو کوپه اسپورت است، اما چند کاربر
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obstructed airway, allergies, environmental issues, and many other causes. In fact, some people may be unaware that they are mouth breathing, especially at night while sleeping.
In children, mouth breathing can create facial and dental developmental problems, and may also affect their quality of sleep. This can lead to reduced tongue and airway space, underdeveloped jaws and later to sleep apnea. One study linked mouth breathing and obstructive sleep apnea to a significantly increased risk for the development of behavioral and social difficulties in children due to poor sleep quality during critical periods of brain development.
A dental professional can examine and assess patients of any age for mouth breathing symptoms and causes, and work toward treating mouth breathing in order to avoid or reduce its associated dental and health risks.
If would like more information about how mouth breathing affects dental and overall health, and are interesting in finding out about assessing and treating mouth breathing, Dr. Heidi Finkelstein and her caring staff at My Plantation Dentist can help. To schedule your appointment, please contact us today at 954-584-1030.Commentary on the book of Acts
The Gospels present the blessed person of the Lord Jesus Christ and His great work of redemption, His resurrection and ascension to glory as the solid foundation upon which Christianity is built. The Acts is a continuation of the work of the Lord Jesus, but in His servants, by the power of the Holy Spirit sent from heaven. It is a history of the establishing of Christianity in the world, and is therefore transitional in character, emphasizing the means by which God gradually yet positively introduced the dispensation of grace to replace that of the law once communicated to Israel.
The book begins with the ministry of the twelve apostles, all of them still connected with their beloved nation Israel; then a strikingly independent work of the Spirit of God is seen in the conversion of Saul of Tarsus, who is commissioned to declare the Gospel to Gentiles, yet with the full concurrence of the other apostles. His name being changed to Paul, he is given special revelations from God as to the heavenly character of Christianity, and these take the foremost place before the book of Acts closes.
Verse 1 establishes the fact that Luke (a Gentile) is the writer, "the former treatise" being his Gospel (Lk.1:1-3). In that case Theophilus is addressed as "most excellent," manifestly a public official of importance. It may be likely that he gave up such an office when brought to God by the gospel, for he is not so addressed in Acts. Luke wrote of "all that Jesus began both to do and to teach." Acts therefore is a continuance of this same work of the Lord Jesus, though He Himself has been taken up into heaven. He had first given commandments to the apostles "by the Holy Spirit." Since He spoke by the Spirit then, He is no less capable of speaking by the Spirit now, though He is physically absent.
During a period of forty days after His death and resurrection He presented Himself as living to His disciples, the fact of His resurrection being attested by "many infallible proofs." Every reader may find these easily for himself if he cares to enquire into Scripture. This is absolutely basic to Christianity, being insisted upon continually through the book of Acts. Without it the apostles would have been as weak as water and their message futile: with it came a power and conviction that wrought marvellous and precious results. Those things of which He spoke "pertaining to the kingdom of God" were not, we may be sure, referring to its future state of glory and majesty, but rather to its present form as being identified with a rejected Messiah, as the following verses indicate clearly.
Notice, as to the introduction of the church dispensation, assembling together is a prominent feature of it (v.4-6), as will be seen throughout Acts. The Lord tells them to wait for the promise of the Father, as seen also in Luke 24:49. He speaks of this as their being baptized with the Holy Spirit, an expression used seven times in scripture. Only 1 Corinthians 12:13 explains it as being the uniting together in one body all believers, Jewish or Gentile, bond or free. It is a great blessing therefore that belongs to all believers unitedly, not simply a personal blessing, but true of the whole church of God since the Spirit has come.
Together they ask Him if this will mean the restoration of the kingdom to Israel. But He tells them it is not for them to know the times or seasons: this matter was in the Father's own authority. He did not yet tell them that a totally new dispensation was being introduced, but wisely leads them a step at a time. They would learn that times and seasons had nothing to do with the assembly, in contrast to Israel, and that Israel was to be set aside while the assembly was being called out from among all nations.
But they would receive power ("dunamis"), not authority, as the word "power" means in v.7, but vital energy, through the coming of the Holy Spirit upon them. This would enable them as witnesses to Him, beginning at Jerusalem, but spreading out to Judea and Samaria, then the far reaches of the earth, -- a wonderful contrast indeed to a kingdom confined to Israel.
Verse 9 of course overlaps the end of Luke's Gospel, the ascension being spoken of there also. The disciples witnessed this, and a cloud receiving Him out of their sight, the cloud indicating some measure of obscurity, for there are things concerning His bodily ascension to heaven that are beyond our present limit of understanding. Only in Acts do we read of the angelic appearance of the two men at this time. We can understand the disciples gazing up into heaven, but they would see Him no longer in this way. He will yet come in like manner to the same location, the mount of Olives, when He takes His rightful place of glory and majesty. There is no suggestion as to how long the time would be, and of course the rapture will take place before this. Meanwhile, the day of grace has lengthened out far beyond what we might have imagined.
Returning to Jerusalem, they gather in a room on an upper level, which was manifestly of a large size for 120 to be present at once, and for eleven to live there during their visit in Jerusalem. Prayer and supplication were paramount for the time. Mary the mother of Jesus is mentioned here for the last time in scripture, her name held in honor, but no undue place of prominence given her. It is precious to see "His brethren" mentioned. Before His death they had not believed in Him (John 7:5): evidently His death itself had broken down their stubborn wills.
Peter's addressing the company was based upon Old Testament scriptures, therefore his proposal is evidently correct, for the Spirit of God had not yet come. The scripture must be fulfilled, as he says, concerning Judas, who had been numbered with the apostles, but fell into iniquity, the reward of which purchased a field. Matthew tells us he hanged himself (Ch.27:5): it appears that the rope broke so that he plunged headlong, causing all his bowels to gush out. This was so well known in Jerusalem that the field purchased with the betrayal money was called "the field of blood."
Peter quotes Psalm 41:9 to the effect that another should take the office of Judas. On this scriptural basis they act, being careful that the man appointed must be one who had companied with them during all the time of the Lord's ministry on earth until His ascension, for he must be a competent witness to the resurrection of Christ. Evidently they chose the two men most qualified for this, then prayed concerning them that the Lord would indicate by lot His choice in the matter. Again, they no doubt depended on the instruction of Proverbs 16:33: "the lot is cast into the lap; but the whole disposing thereof is of the Lord." After the Spirit of God had come, this would be no longer the way of God's making His mind known. Some have objected that Peter and the apostles were not guided by God in this matter, but scripture makes no comment one way or the other, and it is wiser that we leave the matter as scripture does.
The feast of Pentecost in Israel looked forward to the very day on which God had decreed that the Spirit of God should come to form and indwell and empower the Church of God, which Christ had declared He would build (Matthew 16:18). He is the promise of the Father (Ch.1:4); He is sent by the Son from the Father (John 15:26); He has come of His own volition (John 16:13); for He is God. The disciples were with one accord in one place, a precious indication from the very beginning of the unity of the church of God.
No arrangements or efforts of men had anything to do with this startling event: it was absolutely a work of God. A sudden sound from heaven came as a mighty, sustained breathing, filling the house where they sat. This was virtually the public birthday of the church, a matter once to take place, and never again. Of course the Spirit of God is invisible, therefore visible signs were necessary to emphasize the reality and power behind this. Cloven tongues like as of fire sat upon each of them. The Spirit had come to Christ at Jordan in the form of a dove (Luke 3:22), the symbol of peace and love, indicating God's perfect complacency in Him. Fire however reminds us of the holiness of God in judgment: one of the first effects of the Spirit's coming to believers is to produce a serious self-judgment, for the Spirit stands in contrast to the flesh.
Tongues of fire were sent to indicate the various languages the disciples were given ability to use at this time, with the object of bringing about an understanding between those who normally were far apart. When they were thus filled with the Spirit of God, they spoke their own thoughts in languages they did not normally understand. It is evident they were speaking the things that they had seen and heard as to the Lord Jesus in His death and resurrection.
A matter so marvellous as this could not but be quickly publicized, and the more so since the feast had brought many Jews to Jerusalem from "every nation under heaven." They recognized that the disciples were all Galileans and were astonished to hear them speak in languages of the various nations in which the visitors were born. Many of these are listed, whether all of them or not; but the people bear witness that they speak in their tongues "the wonderful works of God." Bearing witness to Christ and His death and resurrection, they of course knew perfectly well what they were saying, but were miraculously able to express it in a language they did not normally know. Their hearers too understood what they were saying. These two things must be expected when the true gift of tongues is in use. In effect this would wonderfully reverse the action of God in confounding men's languages at the time of the tower of Babel (Genesis 11:5-9). In the church there was to be understanding and fellowship now between those of nations for years far apart. The Spirit of God was the power to accomplish this.
Some were amazed and questioning, others contemptuous and mocking, accusing the disciples of drunkenness. Honesty would at least make a little inquiry before such accusation. It is Peter who, with the eleven, stands up to speak. How fully he is recovered from his painful experience of having denied that he knew the Lord! He addresses the men of Judah first, but includes all who were then living at Jerusalem. At the third hour of the day (9.00 a.m.) it was rather foolish to suppose a large number of men to be intoxicated. "But this is that," he says, "spoken by the prophet Joel." The verses he quotes (Joel 2:28-32) were not completely fulfilled in this Pentecostal outpouring of the Spirit of God, for verses 19 and 20 at least will be fulfilled only at the time of the tribulation period. His words, "this is that" however indicate that, consistently with that prophecy, God was accomplishing an unusually striking work. Such partial fulfillment are not unusual in scripture. For the church is "a kind of first-fruits of His creatures" (James 1:18), and she has received blessings now in a heavenly and spiritual way that are anticipatory of those Israel will receive on an earthly level.
God was making clearly evident the fact that He was speaking by the power of the Spirit; and he who listened and responded by calling upon the name of the Lord would be saved. Peter then presses upon Israel the facts concerning this Lord Himself, "Jesus of Nazareth." He does not preach Him as the Son of God (as Paul did immediately after his conversion -- ch.9:20), but as "a man approved of God among you by miracles and wonders and signs," miracles evidencing divine power; wonders emphasizing their effect upon men; signs being significant of spiritual truth. Of these things the people themselves were witnesses.
Why had He been crucified? He had been "delivered by the determinate counsel and foreknowledge of God." On God's side it was marvellous grace; but on man's side, they had wickedly taken and crucified Him. Now God had raised Him from the dead, for the power of death could not possibly hold Him, as prophecy had foretold concerning the Son of David, the Messiah.
It was God who put into David's lips the words of Psalm 16:8-11, who speaks, not primarily as to himself, but as representing the Messiah of Israel. His heart rejoicing, His tongue glad, His flesh resting in hope, was because of the certainty of resurrection. His soul would not be left in hades, which is the unseen state of separation from His body. Also, "thine Holy One" would not see corruption. This of course refers to His body: though being in a state of death because the spirit and soul had left it, the body would not see corruption.
In men's bodies, derived from Adam, immediately death takes place corruption sets in. Not so in the body of the Lord Jesus: it was reunited with His spirit and soul without corruption having touched it. Verse 28 speaks of the great resultant joy of this, in life beyond death. That scripture in the Old testament then could not possibly apply to David personally; and Peter applies it with clear and beautiful precision to the Lord Jesus. David himself had long since died and his body given to corruption. But as a prophet he spoke of Him whom God had sworn would sit upon David's throne, being One of David's seed according to the flesh. This was Israel's true Messiah, Jesus, whom God had raised up, and of whose resurrection the disciples were competent witnesses.
Not only was He raised from the dead: God had exalted Him by His own right hand of power; and from that place of excellent majesty He had received from the Father the gift of the Holy Spirit, sending Him forth upon His disciples. Then he applies another striking and appropriate scripture from David's pen, "The Lord said unto my Lord, Sit thou on my right hand until I make thy foes thy footstool" (from Ps.110:1). This can refer to no-one but the Lord Jesus, who is therefore David's Lord, and prophesied of, not as immediately taking His throne, but being seated at God's right hand for a definite time before God would subdue His enemies under His feet. For those who have faith this is transparently clear. The conclusion is triumphant and inescapable: "Therefore let all the house of Israel know assuredly that God hath made that same Jesus, whom ye have crucified, both Lord and Christ." Israel had rejected Him, but God has raised a solemn issue with them by raising Him from the dead and giving Him the highest place of glory and honor.
The power of the Spirit of God in this address itself produced serious response among the people. Pricked in their heart, they inquired of Peter and the apostles as to what they should do. Where conscience is seriously affected, the answer is near to hand. First they are to repent, which refers specifically to their previous treatment of their own Messiah; then to be baptized, publicly reversing their previous public rejection of Him. This was important as regards Jews. Gentiles were not told to first be baptized before receiving the Spirit of God (Ch.10:44-48), but were baptized afterward. They had not (as Israel) been guilty of publicly rejecting the promised Messiah, for no such promise had been given to Gentiles. Being baptized to the name of the Lord Jesus, Jews would have their glaring public sins remitted publicly. This outward ordinance only accomplished outward results: it is no proof of a vital inward work of the Spirit of God. Of course, true repentance is a vital work of the Spirit, and this would result in Jews being willing to be baptized. If a Jew would not be baptized one would seriously question whether he had actually repented.
The promise Peter affirms as being for them and their children. and not confined to Jews in their land. but extending to those also who had been scattered abroad. In the coming kingdom, Israel will be blessed only in their own land, but here is grace including them outside the land.
Verse 40 assures us that Peter spoke much more than is recorded here, but specially stressing that they save themselves from this perverse generation. By being baptized they saved themselves from identification with the generation that was guilty of the rejection of Christ. In this way baptism saves: it does not save souls.
Receiving Peter's word, three thousand were baptized that day. How this was accomplished by the disciples we are not told. There is no hint of people being questioned as to the reality of their faith, and no time for proving its reality. Actually, they acknowledged the counsel of God against themselves by thus being buried (figuratively speaking). In order to be buried, it is only necessary that one should be dead: he is not buried because he has life, nor in order to receive life. However, being "unto Christ," who is raised, baptism points to life beyond death.
As we have observed, the proof of reality of faith is not seen in baptism, but it is seen in the steadfast continuance mentioned in verse 42. Of first importance in this matter is the apostles doctrine. This teaching was fundamental to everything. Not having been written yet, it could only be communicated by word of mouth. What the Lord had spoken came back to them by the power of the Spirit (John 16:4), and to this was added what they themselves had witnessed of Himself, of His death, resurrection and ascension. Apart from this, Christianity would be nothing. Then fellowship is linked with doctrine: they continued enjoying together the truth of Christ. Breaking of bread in remembrance of the Lord also formed an important part of their lives. In the freshness of faith and first love it seems likely they did this every day. Later on this appears to have become more settled as an observance on the first day of the week (Acts 20:7). Another marked feature of their very life was continuance in prayers, a fact seen prominently throughout the book of Acts. This is the supply line through which power was received from the Spirit of God to accomplish what God intended.
These four vital matters seen in the inception of the church, are as fundamental to her blessing today as they were then. At that time these things occasioned serious thoughts on the part of the general public: they could see it was no matter to be treated lightly. Also many wonders and signs were done by the apostles. as the Lord had foretold. This
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ruled know that they are not the right people for the job.
Secondly, there is the element of
. For this agreement results in very different kinds of behaviour on the part of ruler and ruled. Each makes demands which are appropriate to their nature; so moderation requires the rulers to impose their own desires, and the ruled to acquiesce in the imposition of these desires on them.
Justice is doing one’s own work and not meddling with what is not one’s own.
Meddling and exchange among these three classes is the greatest harm that can happen to the city and would rightly be called the worst evil one could do to it.
A city cannot be just unless it recognizes and institutionalizes basic natural differences between peqple.
Justice is a virtue of the city as a unity, for it requires of each citizen a recognition of his or her own role as contributing in some characteristic way to the common good. For to be just one has to 'do one's own', know what one's natural talents are and the ways these should be developed for the common good
Justice as a pattern, as a relation among parts of the city
Plato on the parts of the soul
The basic claim
We will not understand an individual's actions unless we see that actions do not come from a single motivational source. There is more than one origin of behaviour within a person, and the way the person lives and acts indicates how these sources of behaviour are related.
This is the part by virtue of which we learn (
436a, 580d, 581b
) and reason (
It has two main functions. One is that of searching for the truth and increasing one's knowledge; it is the only part of the soul that can do this, and so it is the part of us that desires to extend our knowledge of truths and finds pleasure in doing this (
Its other function is to rule in the soul (
). (It corresponds to the Guardians who are to rule the other two classes.)
There are two main reasons why it is appropriate for reason to rule in the soul. One is that it is the only part that cares for the interests of the whole soul and not just itself, whereas the other two parts care only for themselves and not for the whole of which they are parts (
). (The intended parallel is clear with the Guardians, who are the only class to care for the whole city including the other classes, and not just them selves.) Reason, then, is the source of practical judgement about what is best for the person as a whole.
The other ground for reason's rule over the whole soul is that a life which is shaped by devotion to the aim of reason, searching for truth, is a better life for the person to lead than a life shaped by devotion to the ends ofthe other parts.
it is called 'the part that loves honour and winning' .
Plato seems to be talking about two very different kinds of thing. One is a tendency to aggression and violence. Thus, spirit is said to be found in children and animals (
), and here Plato must mean assertiveness towards others in the pursuit of what one wants. However, at
it is the part that delights in victory and honours, that is, not just in pushiness but in getting what one can be proud of, what is sanctioned by one's perception of what is right.
Leontius, the son of Aglaeon, was going up from the Piraeus along the outside of the North Wall when he saw some corpses with the public executioner nearby. He had an appetitive desire to look at them, but at the same time he was disgusted and turned himself away. For a while he struggled and put his hand over his eyes, but finally, mastered by his appetite, he opened his eyes wide and rushed toward the corpses, saying: “Look for yourselves, you evil wretches; take your fill of the beautiful sight.
There is something in Leontius which is capable of opposing desire because of feelings of shame, feelings about what is right and decent. These feelings are not to be identified with reason, but they oppose a particular desire because of the way the person feels about moral notions.
Sometimes spirit seems to be quite crude, and sometimes to be very like reason in demanding a perception of what is acceptable to the person as a whole.
Spirit involves some reference to the self, and some reference to ideals. It involves the self in so far as one particular desire (like Leontius' desire to look at corpses) may be rejected because the person as a whole does not, as we put it, identify with that desire. Leontius felt shame at giving in to a desire which, in modern jargon, did not fit his self-image; he did not want to be the kind of person capable of doing such a thing. Ideals come in because a particular desire like Leontius' desire is not rejected because it is inconvenient, or imprudent, but because it is felt to offend against what is accepted as right and good by the person. Leontius feels shame, which is a reaction only intelligible in someone who has done what he feels to be wrong, not just imprudent or dangerous.
In both these respects spirit is like reason, and may indeed seem to be doing the samejob as reason (and Plato admits that they may seem too similar,
But spirit is thought of as educable and plastic; people can be trained to feel one way rather than another. (Spirit is analogous to the Auxiliaries in the state; their characters have been so trained that they repudiate aims that offend against their ideals, but they lack reasoned understanding of their way oflife and its basis). Plato tends, on the other hand, to think of reason not as a disposition to be moulded, but as a gift which can be used or misused; it is not malleable, or attachable to different ends, without destroying its nature.
Desire is thought of as manifold and often chaotic because desire can fix on objects of just about any kind; there is nothing that unifies all cases of desiring except that some particular thing is sought for. (This is meant to be parallel to the productive class in the state, who do not have any unifying ideal but are each set on his or her own particular aim.)
All the emphasis on the basic and forceful nature of desires makes it look as though no cognitive performance at all should be ascribed to this part.
But in spite of Plato's vigorous language this cannot be the whole story. Even in Book 4, Leontius desires to see some corpses, a more complex desire than simple thirst (possibly, though, it is based upon a sexual desire, since we know from a fragment of contemporary comedy that Leontius was known for being attracted by young men as pale as corpses).
The later Books 8 and 9 make it quite clear that this part can indeed perform some reasoning about what it wants, and that bodily desires are thus only the clearest examples of the kind of desire Plato has in mind, not the only ones.
Bodily desires are 'clear' examples of desires not because of their objects but because they display clearly the fact about desire which Plato takes to be the most important: desire is limited to its own fulfilment and has no motivational impact on the person's wider concerns. The person can desire something, and in so far as he or she desires it, try to get it, regardless of their estimate of the rightness, or prudence, of such a course. This is true of the thirsty man who drinks regardless of whether this is wise or not, and equally true of the avaricious man who subordinates his sense ofgood and evil to the getting ofmoney. Desire is blind to any considerations beyond those of getting what it wants. (It is meant to be parallel to the members of the productive class, who are blind to any higher considerations than those of getting what they want.) It might in fact be better to think of desire as 'gratification', for this suggests both its self-contained nature, and the fact that it is not limited to immediate bodily desires but may involve quite a lot of calculating of the means to obtain gratification.
Each part has its own desires and pleasures (
) . They are aware of one other ; desire can outwit the others; reason can control them; and they can conflict, producing 'civil war in the soul' (
). Spirit and desire can try to usurp what is not their proper role (
) . Ideally they should agree (
); spirit can be said to retain what reason declares (
). Reason has desires of its own ; desire can carry out enough reasoning to attain its goals. All three parts have enough cognitive capacity to recognize one another, conflict or agree, and push their own interests.
An individual is wise when reason rules, and makes decisions in the interests of the soul as a whole (
) . He or she is brave when spirit has been made the ally of reason as a result of training that ensures not only recognition of what is right but the power to stick to that recognition and feel motivated to act in accordance with it (
). He or she is moderate by virtue of the recognition by all the soul's parts that particular gratifications should be subordinated to reason's overall planning, and by virtue of the desiring part's submission in accordance with this recognition (
The person is just because of the fact that each of his or her parts is functioning properly and 'doing its own' (
). Justice does not require anything further from any of the parts other than what is required by the other three virtues, but it is the virtue of the person as a whole, of all three virtues in so far as they are the virtues of a functioning unity.
A person is just, then, if each part is acting virtuously and as it should : if reason is ruling, spirit is ensuring that reason has adequate motivational backing and desire is acquiescing in control by the other two rather than pressing its own particular claims. Justice in the individual is the appropriate and harmonious flourishing of all aspects of him or her (
Justice is an internal state of the person, and an arrangement of the city, rather than an external behaviour to others, or a set of actions dictated by principles
cares for honour and physical prowess above all (
). He defers to the powerful but is harsh to the defenceless, and has no internal restraint against caring too much for money
thinks that money is all-important. He drives spirit from the throne in his soul and establishes there desire, with its demand for money. Reason and spirit are made to squat like slaves before the Persian king, and carry out the orders only of desire.
rids himself of the authority and discipline of money-grubbing (
). He keeps open house among his desires, letting none dominate but yielding rule to whichever happens to be uppermost. Reason and spirit presumably help in gratifying whichever desire he happens to have.
) has a soul enslaved to one master desire, lust, which produces a chronic state of unsatisfied need, no part of the soul achieving its proper end.
The three classes in the state are thought of as made up of three different kinds ofpeople : those whose souls are ruled by reason, the Guardians; those whose souls are ruled by spirit, the Auxiliaries; and those whose souls are ruled by desire, the productive class (
proceeds, Plato in fact loses interest in anyone but the Guardians: he identifies the just person with the Guardian type and does not care if the other citizens in his city are not strictly speaking just.
Only the Guardians, whose souls are ruled by reason in the strong sense, are self-motivated to be just. The other classes are just only in a city where the Guardians' justice is imposed on them and thus counteracts the natural tendency of their souls to go wrong because they are led by goals that do not on their own ensure justice. The Guardians too require a political context to be just, but not because they would otherwise go wrong without external direction, rather because they would otherwise be ineffective and not able to exercise their justice. So in a sense they are the only class that is just - that is, they are the only class that can be just from their own resources, without having to be controlled from outside. And Plato drifts into proceeding as though the other two classes were not really just, and loses interest in them, because he is not very interested in justice that requires external sanctions to exist. He is only interested in people who can be freely and autonomously just - the Guardians, whose souls are ruled by reason.
The principle of conflict
[...] one thing cannot act in opposite ways or be in opposite states at the same time and in the same part of itself in relation to the same other thing
Despite our everyday assumption that a person is a unity (after all, he or she comes in a single body) none the less the facts of human behaviour compel us to treat a person as containing more than one motivational source.
A man may desire to drink, yet control this urge. Thus there is a conflict: he both accepts and rejects the same thing at the same time. This can only be explained by saying that he is not a unity, but contains distinct parts: distinct in that there can be no common motivational root of the urge to drink and the urge to refrain . If they were not distinct, they would not have created the appearance of conflict in the person as a whole.
SOCRATES: Well, then, if you call a bigger thing and a smaller thing by the same name, are they unalike in the respect in which they are called the same, or alike?
SOCRATES: So a just man won’t differ at all from a just city with respect to the form of justice but will be like it.
GLAUCON: Yes, he will be like it.
SOCRATES: But now, the city, at any rate, was thought to be just because each of the three natural classes within it did its own job; and to be temperate, courageous, and wise, in addition, because of certain other conditions or states of these same classes.
GLAUCON: That’s true.
SOCRATES: Then, my friend, we would expect an individual to have these same kinds of things in his soul, and to be correctly called by the same names as the city because the same conditions are present in them both.
Justice must be single in form ; if cities and people are truly just, then they cannot be just in radically different ways, even if they are very different kinds of thing. What makes a person just cannot be something quite different from what makes a city just; otherwise there would be two distinct kinds ofjustice, and Plato cannot accept this.
4. Yes, because justice is harmony of the soul and the city, and harmony is obviously beneficial
Justice is what produces inner harmony in a person (
) and is to the soul what health is to the body (
). It is clear what the benefits of justice so conceived are: who want to be in a state analogous to confusion and illness? Once you see the difference between a life that gives all the elements in a person's make-up proper scope, and one that frustrates and misdirects them, you cannot seriously doubt that it is valuable to have the state that ensures the former.
Is Thrasymachus countered by the claim that it doesn't pay to be unjust in the sense of having a disordered soul? He claimed that it paid to be unjust in the common or garden sense of doing various actions usually regarded as unjust. And Glaucon and Adeimantus wanted Sacrates to show that it paid to be just in the sense of not doing those actions, even if one could get away with it. What is the relevance to this of psychic harmony?
Psychic harmony is a condition of your own soul - that is why having it benefits you - whereas ordinary justice concerns behaviour to other people. Why should having a rightly ordered soul make you keep your hands off other people's property?
Plato does believe that Platonic justice entails ordinary justice, even though not
; for after characterizing justice as the right ordering of the soul he goes on to claim that a person j ust in this way would never perform any of a variety of commonly recognized unjust actions - embezzlement, theft, public and private betrayals, promise-breaking, adultery, neglect of parents and the gods (
). But he simply asserts this, without producing a argument, and there seems no obvious ground either for hi further claim that the Platonically just agent would not do an ofthese things because he is Platonically just (
[...] when a person’s desires flow toward learning and everything of that sort, they will be concerned, I imagine, with the pleasures that the soul experiences just by itself, and will be indifferent to those that come through the body—if indeed the person is not a counterfeit, but rather a true, philosopher.
Strong inclinations in one direction, says Plato, weaken those in other directions; so the just man, who is set on the intellectual goals of philo sophical discovery, will have no interest in the pleasures of the body, or the money needed to obtain them. Concentration on the aims of reason makes one lose interest in other things.
The Platonically just man would lack most discernible reasons that lead people to be ordinarily unjust. Why would he be unjust ifhe is not interested in power or money?
Two kinds of theory
Focus on the notion of the right act; the primary question is, 'What is the right thing to do?' and the primary notions are
- the acceptable answers to the question, what is the right thing to do, will be a list of duties and obligations.
The good person is the person who does what he or she ought to do, that is, the person disposed to perform the right action on all or most occasions.
Focus on the notion of the good agent or good person. The primary questions, 'What kind of person should I be?' 'What is the good life?' 'What kind of life is admirable ?' We find out what is the right thing to do, by asking what kind of thing the good person would do in these circumstances. The right thing to do is identified as the kind of thing done by the good person. primary notions are not duty and obligation, but
The whole progress of Books 2 through 4 has been an attempt to build up a notion of the just agent. This process began even in Glaucon's speech, where he made the high point of his case against justice the comparison of the lives of just and unjust men (
Plato has, in Books 2-4, through the extended soul-state comparison, concentrated on the individual's soul, goodness, and virtues. He has set aside the question of just acts to consider at length the environment that would produce and reinforce good people, the education that would bring them about, the proper artistic surroundings that they should have, and the psychological basis for all this.
He has made the just agent primary, not the question of just actions which dominated the concerns of Thrasymachus, and of Glaucon and Adeimantus.
[...] justice [...] is not concerned with someone’s doing his own job on the outside. On the contrary, it is concerned with what is inside; with himself, really, and the things that are his own. It means that he does not allow the elements in him each to do the job of some other, or the three sorts of elements in his soul to meddle with one another.
The good man is the norm for just action; he can tell you what the right thing to do is, because he is just. The just man identifies the just action by reference to the state of psychic harmony which is Platonic justice, not by reference to lists of duties accepted from any
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proprietà che precipitano a causa della velatura della mente; il primo è visionare, immaginare o vedere lontano. Spiegheresti il significato di questo?
Ra: Io sono Ra. Il tuo linguaggio non è eccessivamente disseminato di termini non emotivi per le qualità funzionali di quella che ora viene chiamata la Mente Inconscia. La natura della mente è qualcosa su cui ti abbiamo chiesto di riflettere. Tuttavia, è, diciamo, abbastanza chiaro per l’osservatore occasionale che possiamo condividere alcuni pensieri con te senza violare le tue libere esperienze di apprendimento/insegnamento.
La natura dell’inconscio è della natura del concetto piuttosto che della parola. Di conseguenza, prima della velatura, l’uso della mente più profonda era quello dell’uso di concetti non espressi (unspoken). Puoi considerare gli aspetti emotivi e connotativi di una melodia. Si potrebbero richiamare, in qualche maniera stilizzata, i termini per le note della melodia. Si potrebbe dire: “una nota di un quarto A, una nota di un quarto A, una nota di un quarto A, una nota intera F” Questo somiglia poco all’inizio della melodia di una delle melodie più influenti dei vostri compositori, quella che vi è nota come un simbolo di vittoria.
Questa è la natura della mente più profonda. Esistono solo metodi stilizzati con cui discutere le sue funzioni. Così le nostre descrizioni di questa parte della mente, così come delle stesse parti di corpo e di spirito, fornirono termini come “vedere lontano” (“far-seeing”), indicando che la natura della penetrazione della porzione velata della mente si può paragonare ad un viaggio troppo ricco ed esotico per contemplarne un’adeguata descrizione di questo.
86.7 Interrogante: Hai affermato che il sognare, se reso disponibile alla mente cosciente, aiuterà notevolmente nella polarizzazione. Definiresti il sognare o ci diresti cos’è e come aiuta la polarizzazione?
Ra: Io sono Ra. Il sognare è un’attività di comunicazione attraverso il velo della mente inconscia e della mente cosciente. La natura di questa attività dipende interamente dalla situazione riguardante i blocchi, le attivazioni e le cristallizzazioni dei centri energetici di un dato complesso mente/corpo/spirito.
In un (complesso mente/corpo/spirito) che è bloccato in due dei tre centri energetici inferiori, il sognare sarà di valore nel processo di polarizzazione in quanto ci sarà una ripetizione di quelle parti del catalizzatore recente così come dei blocchi più profondi, dando così alla mente in stato di veglia indizi sulla natura di questi blocchi e suggerimenti su possibili cambiamenti nella percezione che possono portare allo sblocco.
Questo tipo di sogno o comunicazione attraverso le parti velate della mente si verifica anche con quei complessi mente/corpo/spirito che funzionano con molti meno blocchi e godono dell’attivazione del raggio verde o di un’attivazione superiore in quei momenti in cui Il complesso mente/corpo/spirito sperimenta il catalizzatore, che momentaneamente blocca di nuovo o devia o distorce in altro modo, il flusso dell’influsso di energia. Pertanto, in tutti i casi è utile a un complesso mente/corpo/spirito riflettere sul contenuto e la risonanza emotiva dei sogni.
Per coloro i cui centri energetici del raggio verde sono stati attivati, nonché per coloro i cui ai centri energetici del raggio verde viene offerto uno sblocco insolito a causa di un catalizzatore estremo, come quello che viene definito la morte fisica di sé o di qualcuno che ci è caro che si verifica in quello che potresti chiamare il tuo prossimo futuro, il sognare assume un’altra attività. Questa è ciò che può essere vagamente definita precognizione o una conoscenza che è precedente a quello che accadrà nella manifestazione fisica nel vostro spazio/tempo di terza densità del raggio giallo. Questa proprietà della mente dipende dalla sua collocazione, in larga misura, nel tempo/spazio in modo che i termini di presente, futuro e passato non abbiano alcun significato. Questo, se utilizzato in modo appropriato dalla mente/corpo/spirito *, consentirà a questa entità di entrare più pienamente nell’amore compassionevole di ognuno e di ogni circostanza, comprese quelle circostanze in cui un’entità può avere una forte distorsione verso quella che potete chiamare infelicità.
Quando una mente/corpo/spirito * sceglie consapevolmente il percorso dell’adepto e, con ogni centro energetico bilanciato al minimo grado, inizia ad aprire il centro energetico del raggio indaco, il cosiddetto sognare diventa lo strumento più efficiente per la polarizzazione, poiché, se è noto all’adepto che il lavoro può essere fatto nella coscienza mentre la cosiddetta mente cosciente riposa, questo adepto può invocare coloro che lo guidano, quelle presenze che lo circondano e, soprattutto, la personalità magica che è il sé superiore nello spazio/tempo analogo quando si sposta nella modalità dormiente della coscienza. Con queste affermazioni vogliamo porre alla vostra attenzione che, l’attività del sogno raggiunge quel potenziale di apprendimento/insegnamento che è molto utile per aumentare le distorsioni dell’adepto verso la sua polarità scelta.
Ci sono altre possibilità del sogno non così strettamente allineate con l’aumento della polarità che non prendiamo in considerazione in questo particolare spazio/tempo.
* Dovrebbe essere “complesso mente/corpo/spirito”. Ra e Don hanno corretto l’errore nella sessione 87.
86.8 Interrogante: come viene progettato o programmato il sogno? Questo viene fatto dal sé superiore o chi è responsabile per questo?
Ra: Io sono Ra. In tutti i casi il complesso mente/corpo/spirito fa quell’uso che gli è possibile della facoltà di sognare. Essa stessa è responsabile di questa attività.
86.9 Interrogante: Allora stai dicendo che il subconscio è responsabile di ciò che chiamerei design o sceneggiatura per il sogno. È corretto?
Ra: Io sono Ra. Questo è corretto.
86.10 Interrogante: Il ricordo che l’individuo ha al risveglio dal sogno, di solito è ragionevolmente accurato? Il sogno si ricorda facilmente?
Ra: Io sono Ra. Devi rendervi conto che stiamo generalizzando troppo per rispondere alle tue domande in quanto ci sono diversi tipi di sogni. Tuttavia, in generale, si può notare che è solo per un osservatore addestrato e disciplinato (la facoltà) di avere una ragionevolmente buona memoria del sogno. Questa facoltà può essere appresa in virtù di una disciplina di registrazione, immediatamente al risveglio, di ogni dettaglio che può essere ricordato. Questa pratica acuisce la capacità di ricordare il sogno. La percezione più comune di un complesso mente/corpo/spirito dei suoi sogni è confusa, disordinata e rapidamente persa.
86.11 Interrogante: Nel ricordare i sogni, stai dicendo che l’individuo può trovare indizi specifici sugli attuali blocchi del centro energetico e può, quindi, ridurre o eliminare quei blocchi. È corretto?
Ra: Io sono Ra. Questo è così.
86.12 Interrogante: C’è qualche altra funzione del sogno che abbia valore nel processo evolutivo?
Ra: Io sono Ra. Sebbene ve ne siano molti che hanno un certo valore, ne sceglieremmo due da notare, poiché questi due, sebbene non di valore nella polarizzazione, possono essere di valore in un senso più generale.
L’attività del sognare è un’attività in cui si crea un ponte finemente lavorato ed eccellentemente confezionato dal conscio all’inconscio. In questo stato, le varie distorsioni che si sono verificate nella rete energetica del complesso del corpo, dovute all’errata precisione con cui gli afflussi di energia sono stati ricevuti, vengono sanate.
Con l’appropriato ammontare (dell’attività) di sognare arriva la guarigione di queste distorsioni. La continua mancanza di questa possibilità può causare complessi mente/corpo/spirito seriamente distorti.
L’altra funzione del sognare che è d’aiuto è quel tipo di sogno che è visionario e che i profeti e i mistici hanno sperimentato dai tempi antichi. Le loro visioni arrivano attraverso le radici della mente e parlano a un mondo desideroso (di conoscerle). Quindi il sogno è di servizio senza essere di natura personalmente polarizzante. Tuttavia, in quel mistico o profeta [che] desidera servire, tale servizio aumenterà la polarità dell’entità.
86.13 Interrogante: C’è una parte del sonno che è stata chiamata R.E.M. È questo lo stato del sognare?
Ra: Io sono Ra. Questo è corretto.
86.14 Interrogante: Si è notato che ciò si verifica in piccole unità durante la notte con spazi vuoti nel mezzo. C’è una ragione particolare per questo?
Ra: Io sono Ra. Sì.
86.15 Interrogante: Se ha un qualche valore saperlo, mi spiegheresti perché il processo del sogno funziona così?
Ra: Io sono Ra. Le parti del processo del sognare che sono utili per la polarizzazione e anche per la visione del mistico si svolgono nel tempo/spazio e, di conseguenza, usano il ponte dal metafisico al fisico per quello che sembra essere un breve periodo del tuo spazio/tempo. L’equivalente tempo/spazio è molto maggiore. Il ponte rimane, tuttavia, e traduce ogni distorsione della mente, del corpo e dello spirito per come ha ricevuto le distorsioni degli influssi energetici, così che questa guarigione possa aver luogo. Questo processo di guarigione non si verifica con l’incidenza del “movimento rapido degli occhi”(acronimo di R.E.M.), ma piuttosto si verifica in gran parte nella parte spazio/tempo del complesso mente/corpo/spirito utilizzando il ponte per (il) tempo/spazio poiché il processo di guarigione sia consentito.
86.16 Interrogante: Hai menzionato la perdita di conoscenza e controllo sul corpo come sia un fattore che è stato utile nel processo evolutivo a causa del velo. Potresti enumerare le significative perdite di conoscenza e controllo sul corpo?
Ra: Io sono Ra. Questa domanda contiene alcune parti a cui sarebbe più utilmente risposto se fosse richiesto del materiale intermedio.
86.17 Interrogante: Non so cosa richiedere. Puoi [ridacchiare] darmi un’idea su quale area del materiale intermedio dovrei lavorare?
Ra: Io sono Ra. No. Tuttavia, saremo lieti di rispondere alla domanda originale se è ancora desiderata, se tu primariamente percepisci che c’è informazione carente.
86.18 Interrogante: Forse posso domandare in modo leggermente diverso qui. Potrei chiedere perché la perdita di conoscenza e controllo sul corpo è stato utile?
Ra: Io sono Ra. La conoscenza * dei potenziali del veicolo fisico prima della velatura offriva al complesso mente/corpo/spirito ** una libera gamma di scelte riguardo alle attività e manifestazioni del corpo, ma offriva ben poco in termini di sviluppo della polarità. Quando la conoscenza di questi potenziali e funzioni del veicolo fisico è velata dal complesso della mente cosciente, il complesso mente/corpo/spirito è spesso quasi privo della conoscenza di come manifestare al meglio il senso della sua esistenza (beingness). Tuttavia, questo stato di mancanza di conoscenza offre un’opportunità ad un desiderio di crescere all’interno del complesso mentale. Questo desiderio è ciò che cerca di conoscere le possibilità del complesso del corpo. Le ramificazioni di ogni possibilità e gli eventuali pregiudizi così costruiti hanno in sé una forza che può essere generata solo da tale desiderio o volontà di conoscere.
* La frase “La perdita per la mente cosciente di” è stata rimossa dall’inizio della risposta perché Ra sembra aver iniziato a parlare di condizioni post-velo e poi ha cambiato il suo focus in pre-velo senza accorgersene. Vedi la versione “relistened version” o la pagina delle Differenze per la risposta originale.
** Dovrebbe essere mente/corpo/spirito. Ra e Don hanno corretto l’errore nella sessione 87.
86.19 Intervistatore: Forse potresti fornire esempi di utilizzo del corpo prima della velatura e dopo la velatura nello stesso aspetto, in modo da poter comprendere più chiaramente il cambiamento nella conoscenza e controllo sul corpo. Puoi farlo, per favore?
Ra: Io sono Ra. Potremmo.
86.20 Interrogante: Farai questo?
Ra: Io sono Ra. Sì. Affrontiamo il trasferimento dell’energia sessuale. Prima della velatura un tale trasferimento era sempre possibile a causa del fatto che non c’era alcuna ombra sulla comprensione della natura del complesso del corpo * e della sua relazione con altri complessi mente/corpo/spirito ** in questa particolare manifestazione. Prima del processo di velatura c’era una quasi totale mancanza dell’uso di questo trasferimento di energia sessuale oltre il raggio verde.
Anche questo era dovuto alla stessa conoscenza priva di ombre che ciascuno aveva di ciascuno. C’era, allora, nella terza densità, poco scopo da osservare nelle relazioni più intense di complessi mente, corpo e spirito *** che potreste chiamare “quelle (relazioni) del processo di accoppiamento”, dato che qualsiasi altro-Sé era visto come il Creatore e nessun altro-Sé sembrava essere maggiormente il Creatore di un altro.
Dopo il processo di velatura è diventato infinitamente più difficile raggiungere il trasferimento di energia del raggio verde a causa delle grandi aree di mistero e inconsapevolezza riguardanti il complesso corporeo e le sue manifestazioni. Tuttavia, anche a causa della grande copertura d’ombra delle manifestazioni del corpo dal complesso della mente cosciente, quando si sperimentava tale trasferimento di energia era più probabile per fornire un catalizzatore che causava un legame del sé con l’altro-sé in una configurazione opportunamente polarizzata.
Da questo punto era molto più probabile che questi trasferimenti di energia più elevati fossero ricercati da questa coppia di complessi mente/corpo/spirito, permettendo così al Creatore di conoscere Se stesso con grande bellezza, solennità e meraviglia. Essendo stato raggiunto l’infinito intelligente da questo uso sacramentale di questa funzione del corpo, ogni complesso mente/corpo/spirito della coppia ha guadagnato molto in polarizzazione e capacità di servire.
* Dovrebbe essere “corpo”, non “complesso del corpo”.
** Dovrebbe essere “mente/corpo/spirito”, non “complessi mente/corpo/spirito”.
*** Dovrebbe essere “mente, corpo e spirito”.
Ra e Don hanno corretto questi errori nella sessione 87.
86.21 Intervistatore: Qualcuno degli altri aspetti della perdita di conoscenza o controllo sul corpo si è avvicinato, in qualche modo in efficienza, a ciò che hai appena descritto?
Ra: Io sono Ra. Ogni funzione del complesso del corpo ha un certo potenziale dopo la velatura, per fornire un utile catalizzatore. Abbiamo scelto l’esempio del trasferimento di energia sessuale per la sua centralità nelle capacità funzionali del complesso corporeo rese più utili mediante il processo di velatura.
Questo strumento sviluppa alquanto carenza nell’energia. Preferiremmo conservare la porzione massima di energia riservata per la quale questo strumento ha dato il permesso. Chiediamo quindi un’altra sola domanda completa a questo lavoro.
86.22 Interrogante: Assumerò che la velatura dell’aspetto sessuale sia stata di grande efficacia perché è un aspetto che ha a che fare totalmente con una relazione con un altro sé. Mi sembrerebbe che le velature corporee che hanno a che fare con l’interazione con l’altro-sé sarebbero più efficienti e quelle legate solo al sé avrebbero un’efficienza inferiore nel produrre polarizzazione positiva o negativa. Ho ragione in questa ipotesi?
Ra: Io sono Ra. Hai ragione in larga misura. Forse l’eccezione più notevole è l’atteggiamento di chi è già fortemente polarizzato negativamente verso l’aspetto-apparenza del complesso corporeo. Ci sono quelle entità sul sentiero negativo che si prendono molta cura nel preservare la distorsione che i tuoi popoli percepiscono come bellezza/bruttezza. Questa bellezza della forma viene, ovviamente, usata per manipolare gli altri sé. Possiamo chiedere se ci sono brevi domande?
86.23 Interrogante: C’è qualcosa che possiamo fare per rendere lo strumento più comodo o per migliorare il contatto?
Ra: Io sono Ra. Siamo lieti che questo strumento sia stato più coscienzioso nel prepararsi al contatto per mezzo delle attente vibrazioni mentali che chiamate preghiera. Ciò ha permesso di liberare il canale dalle distorsioni di cui è caduto vittima il contatto durante l’ultimo lavoro.
Suggeriamo al gruppo di sostegno una cura continua nella regolazione delle attività fisiche dello strumento. Tuttavia in questa connessione (nexus) è bene incoraggiare quelle attività che alimentano le energie vitali poiché questo strumento vive in questo spazio/tempo presente quasi completamente a causa dell’attenta aderenza alla conservazione di quelle energie mentali e spirituali che costituiscono il complesso energetico vitale di questa entità. Ciascuno è coscienzioso. Gli allineamenti sono buoni.
Vorremmo mettere in guardia il gruppo di supporto sull’allineamento fisico dell’accessorio noto come incensiere. C’è stata qualche lieve difficoltà a causa della variazione nello schema (pattern) dell’effluvio di questo incenso.
Sono Ra. Vi lascio a gioire nel potere e nella pace dell’Uno Infinito Creatore. Vai avanti, quindi, rallegrandoti nell’amore e nella luce dell’Uno Creatore. Adonai.
SESSIONE 87
12 maggio 1982
87.0 Ra: io sono Ra. Vi saluto nell’amore e nella luce dell’Uno Infinito Creatore. Comunico adesso.
87.1 Interrogante: Innanzitutto, per favore mi dia le condizioni dello strumento.
Ra: Io sono Ra. Le distorsioni del complesso fisico rimangono invariate. I livelli di energia vitale sono notevolmente migliorati.
87.2 Interrogante: Grazie. Considerando ciò che è stato detto nell’ultima seduta sull’incensiere, ho pensato al fatto che la posizione dell’origine del fumo cambia di circa sei pollici orizzontalmente. Sarebbe meglio avere un incensiere con un’unica posizione orizzontale per produrre fumo?
Ra
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en (865-974-7709, [email protected])
Whitney Heins (865-974-5460, [email protected])America Past, America Present: Genes and Languages in the Americas and Beyond
Aspects of the prehistory of the Americas currently remain little understood, with suggested dates for the first human colonization varying widely between 40,000 and 14,000 years ago. In this volume, molecular geneticists and historical linguists debate the evidence for the first peopling of the Americas, and for the subsequent emergence of the remarkable genetic and linguistic diversity still seen among Native Americans to this day. Part I offers a general consideration of the theme of language distribution and genetic variation in human populations with emphasis on the population-specific polymorphism issue. In parts II and III linguistic variation in Native American populations and their accompanying molecular genetic variability are discussed by leading specialists. In the final part unanswered questions in historical linguistics are debated, including the macrofamily problem with particular reference to the postulated but contoversial Amerind family.
12 Seiten stimmen mit dem Suchbegriff "Indo-European" in diesem Buch überein.
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Was andere dazu sagen - Rezension schreiben
The genetic origins of Old Testament priests
4 weitere Abschnitte werden nicht angezeigt.سخنان وی پس از نظرسنجی آنلاین هریس اینتراکتیو که روز چهارشنبه منتشر شد ، حاکی از آن است که اگر دور دوم انتخابات ریاست جمهوری فرانسه ، که فعلاً برای آوریل 2022 برنامه ریزی شده بود ، امروز برگزار می شد ، لوپن 48 درصد آرا را در مقایسه با 52 رای ماکرون به دست می آورد. ٪ – بیشترین حمایتی که سیاستمدار محافظه کار در سالهای گذشته داشته است.
این نظرسنجی از بین 1403 نفر بالای 18 سال انجام شده است که اکثریت آنها رأی دهندگان ثبت نام شده در انتخابات هستند.
در سال 2017 ، رئیس جمهور رالی ملی 7.6 میلیون رأی در مقایسه با 8.6 میلیون ماركون در دور اول انتخابات ریاست جمهوری به دست آورد. با این حال ، هیچ نامزدی موفق به کسب حمایت 50 درصدی برای اعلام رئیس جمهور فرانسه نشد. در انتخابات دور دوم ، لوپن تنها با 34٪ آرا به ماركون باخت.BBC için yapılan bir araştırma, İngiltere’de kadınların yarısından fazlasının, erkeklerin de beşte birinin iş yerinde cinsel tacize maruz kaldığına işaret ediyor.
ABD’de Oscar ödüllü yapımcı Harvey Weinstein’in onlarca yıl boyunca çok sayıda kadını taciz ettiği iddialarından ardından dünya genelinde birçok kişi, sessizliğini bozarak daha önce uğradıkları tacizleri sosyal medyada paylaşmaya başlamıştı.
BBC’nin anketine 2 binden fazla kişi katıldı.
Ankete katılan ve cinsel tacize uğradığını söyleyen kadınların yüzde 63’ü, erkeklerin de yüzde 79’u sessiz kaldıklarını söyledi.
Tacize uğradıklarını söyleyenler, bunların uygunsuz yorumlardan fiziki saldırılara farklı şekillerde tezahür ettiğini belirtti.
“İşimi bırakmak zorunda kaldım”
Ankete katılan kadınların yüzde 30’u patronları ya da amirlerinin tacizi sonrasında işlerini bırakmak zorunda kaldıklarını söyledi. Erkeklerde bu oran yüzde 12.
BBC’nin sorularını yanıtlayan Sarah Killcoyne adlı Cambridgeli bir kadın çocukken okulda öğretmeni, üniversitedeyken de bir profesörün tacize uğradığın belirterek, “Bu kişilerin durdurulması gerekir” dedi.
Adının açıklanmasını istemeyen bir erkek de iş yerinde kadın patronunun tacizine uğradığını söyledi:
“Sürekli görünüşümle ilgili, kıyafetlerimle ilgili şeyler söylüyordu. Göğsümdeki kılları ve kadınlarda neleri sevdiğimi soruyordu. İş yerindeki kadınlar bu sözlere gülüp geçiyordu fakat ben rahatsız oluyordum ve kendimi kirlenmiş hissediyordum. Sonunda depresyona girdim, kendime güvenim azaldı ve anksiyete bozukluğu yaşadım.”Se una persona mi sblocca su Facebook senza avermi mai accettato l'amicizia, la ritrovo tra le persone che potrei conoscere? ?
1 risposta
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- DevilmikiLv 72 mesi fa
Ciao, e quale sarebbe il problema scusa?
E' normale che tu non l'abbia mai accettata altrimenti non sarebbe tra le persone che potresti conoscere ma sarebbe già tra i tuoi amici...
Altre domande? Fai una domanda e ottieni le risposte che cerchi.خانه بزرگ و راحت، با همه امکانات، دارای سیستم گرمایشی و سرمایشی مدرن مجهز، با آسانسور، ترجیحاً در مناطق خوب شهر، یک خانه رؤیایی است که تقریباً همه کسانی که دنبال خانه می گردند، آن را بارها با چنین ویژگی هایی در ذهنشان تجسم می کنند. اما این افراد در میان این خیال پردازی ها، اگر نیم نگاهی به ارقام نجومی قیمت آپارتمان داشته باشند، احتمالاًً این افکار بی اساس و در عین حال وسوسه کننده را از ذهنشان پاک می کنند. به این ترتیب، شاید خانه دار شدن، به یک رؤیای دست یافتنی تبدیل شود. این افراد فوراً حساب و کتاب می کنند که چند سال کار کنند، نخورند و خرج نکنند تا بتوانند در نهایت یکی از این خانه های رؤیایی را بخرند. همین محاسبات غیرمنطقی کافی است که یک فرد عادی را که آنچنان از اقتصاد سر در نمی آورد را متقاعد کند برای او جایی در بازار مسکن نیست، مگر اینکه پولی درشت پیدا کند و با دست پر به بازار بیاید. اما همین فرد اگر کمی شم اقتصادی داشته باشد، به راحتی متوجه می شود که بازار مسکن صرفاً به چند منطقه گران قیمت بالای شهر خلاصه نمی شود. بنابراین می تواند برای تحقق بخشیدن به این رؤیای شیرین، خانه دار شدن را در مناطق ارزان قیمت شهر با سرمایه اندک تجربه کند.
برای نمونه، نگاهی به آخرین معاملات مسکن در پایتخت نشان می دهد آرزوی خانه دار شدن خیلی درو از دسترس نیست. فقط لازم است بازار را خوب رصد کنید و به مناطق مختلف سری بزنید. مطمئن باشید دست خالی برنمی گردید، چرا كه هنوز هم مي توان در تهران محله اي را پيدا كرد كه آپارتمان هاي کمتر از ۲۰۰ ميليون تومان داشته باشد. به شما توصیه می کنیم اگر محله ای که در آن موفق به خرید خانه شده اید را برای زندگی خودتان نمی پسندید، آن را اجاره بدهید. اگر جزء مالك های خوش شانس باشید و خانه تان زود اجاره برود، با خریدن خانه در مناطق ارزان، با یک تیر دو نشان می زنید. اول اینکه سرمایه تان راکد نمانده که کم ارزش شود، دوم آنکه از رهن و فروش مجدد خانه، به سرمایه بیشتری می رسید….Scientific research on the biodiversity of Jardines de la Reina (Gardens of the Queen) has targeted fishes among the conspicuous fauna of the area. Over 250 species have been identified. Groupers, snappers, jacks, grunts, wrasses, parrot fishes and sharks are the most important groups regarding commercial value and ecological importance.
Large predators and herbivores are critical to keep the ecosystem in good health. But there is another group of fishes that decorates the reef habitat with their wide variety of colors and are equally important to reef ecology: the parrotfishes. Probably many people overlook their ecological role and are only dazzled by their colorful “dresses”.
Parrotfishes live in rather shallow tropical and subtropical waters, particularly in coral reefs, seagrass beds and also in rocky coastal areas. The name of the group comes from the parrot-like beak formed by the arrangement of their numerous teeth. The strong beak is used to scrape algae from the coral reefs. Some species also eat coral polyps and micro-organisms. They also have teeth in the pharynxused to grind the coral, coralline algae or other rocky material they eat.
Conservation, protection and sustainable management to all corners of the Earth
– BLUE SANCTUARY
Many people wonder where from beaches take the sand, but probably few imagine that parrotfishes produce a great amount of such sand every year (an average of about half a pound per fish per day). Once they grind and digest the rock, they evacuate (excrete) it as sand. The existence of beautiful white sandy beaches and the amazing coral reefs is largely due to the contribution of these creatures. The existence of beautiful white sandy beaches and the amazing coral reefs is largely due to the contribution of these creatures.
At vero eos et accusamus et iusto odio dignissimos ducimus qui blanditiis praesentium voluptatum deleniti atque corrupti quos dolores et quas molestias excepturi sint occaecati cupiditate non provident, similique sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollitia animi, id est laborum et dolorum fuga.
Twelve (12) species of parrotfishes live the Gardens of the Queen: Midnight parrotfish, Blue parrotfish,Rainbow parrotfish, Striped parrotfish, Princess parrotfish, Queen parrotfish, Greenblotch parrotfish, Redband parrotfish, Redtail parrotfish, Bucktooth parrotfish, Redfin parrotfish and Stoplight parrotfish. All of them have been included in the 2000 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
Apart from the sand contribution to the beaches, parrotfishes are critical to keep the reef they depend upon in good health.By eating the algae they avoid reef smothering due to overpopulation and colonization of the coral colony. Parrotfishes also eat sponges that may hamper the formation of coral reefs as their growth rate is much faster than that of the corals.
Undoubtedly, parrotfishes have a critical role regarding reef health. Unlike any other fish species, their eating habits keep the coral reefs clean and healthy and beaches nourished. Fortunately, they are not among the group of fishes of commercial interest in the Gardens of the Queen; but as all the species that occur in the park are threatened they should be taken into account in the endeavours to accomplish a sound management of the park resources.2019-06-30 10:47:22交通事故
根据我国法律规定，发生交通事故是否属于工伤，需要根据交警出具的交通事故认定书才能做出具体判断。因为根据《工伤保险条例》第十四条第（六）项“在上下班途中，受到非本人主要责任的交通事故或者城市轨道交通客运轮渡、火车事故伤害的，应当被认定为工伤。如果确定属于工伤的，则可以依法进行相应的
私家车主捎带朋友出行，发生侧翻，单方面交通事故，司机死亡，乘客一死一伤，车主家属是否要承担责任，法律没有明确规定。 第一，在私家车主捎带朋友为无偿的情况下，若车主即司机在交通事故中有故意或重大过失，如酒后驾车、超速驾车、明知车辆有安全问题而仍然驾车、当无偿搭车人已经要求司机停车或要求下车的情况下，司机仍然不计后果地继续开车等行为，司机应对无偿搭车人的人身损害承担赔偿责任。 第二，如果车主或者司机没有过错，车主或者司机就不应当承担赔偿责任。理由是：司机对无偿搭车人应尽的注意义务要低于眼部意义上的乘客，相对于有偿乘车中司机应承担的侵权责任，应减轻或免除好意同乘的司机的责任。只要司机正常驾驶车辆，正常行驶，因为偶然因素导致事故发生，虽然被认定负事故全部责任，但无重大过失，就不能判决司机承担责任。 第三， 如果肇事车辆有车上人员险，保险公司应当在保险范围内正常赔偿受害人的损失。
1.工伤是不追究劳动者责任的（自杀，自残，醉酒，吸毒除外），只要与用人单位存在劳动关系且受伤情况符合《工伤保险条例》第十四、十五条之规定的，无论需承担何种责任，都应认定为工伤并按工伤待遇获得赔偿。 2.工伤的赔偿标准是依据《工伤保险条例》以及各地市出台贯彻实施《工伤保险条例》实施办法的相关规定确定的。 3.如果用人单位不履行上述的义务，工伤职工可以到当地劳动监察大队投诉或直接去劳动仲裁委员会提请仲裁申请，维护自己的合法权益。娱乐唯一注册登录，最近，美军发布了年度中国军力报告，报告的不少内容引发了外界关注。今年的报告中提到，中国在中远程打击武器上有质与量的提升，但话锋一转，称解放军战术飞机只有 “相当少量”的精确制导弹药。
从公开的画面来看，解放军战机使用精确制导弹药确实会少一些。但如果从技术看的话，中国对各类精确制导武器弹药研制的投入还是很可观的，并取得了不少成果。近日，网络上就出现了轰-6轰炸机在翼下挂载“飞腾”-12/ft-12火箭助推滑翔炸弹进行试射的照片。
“飞腾”精确制导炸弹家族最早出现于2006年珠海航展，其后家族吧不断壮大。ft-12是其中射程最远的成员，全弹重700千克，具有滑翔翼与小型火箭，从高空发射时可将500千克重弹头投送150千米远。今天，我们就来说说这背后的信息。
△轰-6测试ft-12火箭助推滑翔精确制导炸弹画面曝光。ft-12是中国精确制导弹药发展的一个缩影
滑翔精确制导炸弹的历史相当悠久，共同目的都是要远离防空武器的射程，保护发射载机的安全。这种需求在上世纪70年代后变得愈加显著，因为防空导弹与雷达制导火炮的快速发展，已经能在低、中、高空形成密集而准确的火力网，使战机就算以跨音速低空飞行也不能保证穿透，因此便刺激了有动力的制导导弹，以及无动力滑翔炸弹的发展。
其中，美国的gbu-15精确制导炸弹就发展了两种型式，其一是类似导弹的十字翼，另一种则采用可伸缩的平直翼，后世也有人称为 “折叠刀翼”，它具有细长的高展弦比主翼，挂载时收折于弹体上方以减少面积，投射后才会展开延长射程。
△“飞腾”精确制导炸弹家族采用模块化设计，搭配不同版本的空气动力套件与寻标器，可整合成远、中、短不同射程的制导武器
十字翼版本的gbu-15虽然从高空发射能达到25千米的射程，但从低空发射则只剩下9千米，只能赢过萨姆-8/13之类的短程防空导弹。因此，美国又发展了火箭动力的agm-130，其火箭发动机会让导弹维持中高度飞行一阵子，使射程延长到27千米以上。
但如果换成平面翼，从足够的高度投掷还能达到更远的射程， agm-130曾在上世纪90年代被建议加装平面翼，估计从12000高空投射的距离可增为2倍以上，达到64千米之远。ft-12也是综合了平面翼与火箭助推，最大射程达到150千米之远，比不少导弹都远，已超过大部分的防空导弹射程。随着美国agm-130的退役，目前世界上与ft-12同类的只有法国的aasm和俄罗斯grom-e1等极少数产品，但它们的射程均远不及ft-12
△歼-10c挂载精确制导炸弹出击，可现在这种画面还是比较稀罕的
或许有人会问：为什么不用涡喷发动机？达到的射程不更远吗？这是因为“飞腾”系列或美国的gbu-15家族都是低价版的制导武器，基本精神是在现成炸弹的基础上，外加套件来满足射程与制导的需求，与制导导弹形成 “高-低”搭配。
如果装上昂贵的涡喷发动机，那单价就和导弹差不多了，失去了低成本武器的价值。因此在战争开打时，由于敌军的长程防空系统尚未清除，这时候会先动用“鹰击”系列远程导弹进行点穴攻击。等到敌军的防空火网被破坏到一定程度，这时候需要对众多的防御设施、地面部队、交通设施等进行打击，价廉而众多的精确制导炸弹就能上场。因此，只用火箭与平面翼来延长射程是较具相加比的选择。
△低阻炸弹是利用流线外型减少外挂的阻力，但要塞入弹舱时就会占据较多空间
不过，从测试的照片中可以发现，轰-6是用翼下弹架挂载，而不是弹舱。用弹舱内载的好处是减少阻力，雷达截面积也可以少一些，但是弹舱对于弹药尺寸的限制也比较大，不是什么武器都能挂。
我们可以发现轰-6可以用弹舱内挂的炸弹都是比较粗短，使用环状弹翼的版本，而要挂比较细长，采用十字弹翼的低阻炸弹时就只能用翼下的多联装挂架。而ft-12型的火箭弹尾又比低阻炸弹的弹尾长上一节，加上弹背的折叠翼结构也占用一些空间，弹舱不但需要重新设计挂架，而且携带弹数也会有所折扣。
△b-1b的弹舱内挂架（上）具有 “机-弹”总线与供电线路，结构较为复杂；公开的画面来看，轰-6弹舱内挂架（下）似乎较为简单，应只具有基本的挂勾与释放能力
另一点要注意制导武器的挂载远比无制导武器复杂，以卫星制导武器为例，发射前需要将目标坐标传递
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۱۹ و برگزیت رنج می برند، هزینه های انرژی در حال افزایش است.
از مؤسسات تجاری و دولتی مانند بیمارستان ها و مدارس نیز حمایت می شود، اما به جای دو سال، برای مدت شش ماه.
دولت می گوید این سقف نرخ تورم بالای بریتانیا را ۴ تا ۵ درصد کاهش می دهد. بانک مرکزی انگلیس اعلام کرد تورم در ماه جولای به ۱۰.۱ درصد رسید و انتظار میرود تا قبل از پایان سال به ۱۳ درصد افزایش یابد که باعث رکود طولانیمدت میشود.
دولت انگلیس هزینه این سقف را مشخص نکرده است، اما تخمین زده می شود که بیش از ۱۰۰ میلیارد پوند (۱۱۶ میلیارد دلار) باشد. تراس درخواست های مخالف را برای مالیات غیرمنتظره بر سود شرکت نفت رد کرد. حداکثر مبلغ از محل وجوه خزانه و از طریق استقراض پرداخت می شود.
حزب مخالف کارگر می گوید این بدان معناست که مالیات دهندگان بریتانیایی باید صورت حساب را بپردازند.
کیر استارمر، رهبر حزب کارگر گفت که به جای اینکه شرکتهای نفتی به دلیل افزایش قیمت انرژی طی دو سال آینده ۱۷۰ میلیارد پوند (۱۹۵ میلیارد دلار) سودهای بادآورده کسب کنند، “کارگران این قبض را پرداخت خواهند کرد”.
اعلامیه روز پنجشنبه برای خیلی ها تسکین خواهد بود، اما منتقدان می گویند که کمک های دولتی باید آسیب پذیرترین افراد را هدف قرار دهد. کسانی که سعی می کنند با هزینه های فزاینده همگام شوند، می گویند که هنوز با مشکل مواجه خواهند شد، اما نه آنقدر که می ترسند.
شارون اندرسون، ۶۰ ساله، کارمند سابق دولت در لندن، گفت: “من اصلاً خوشبین نیستم. اکنون در مورد آنچه که ما به دست می آوریم اختلاف نظرهای زیادی وجود دارد. شارون اندرسون، ۶۰ ساله، کارمند سابق دولت در لندن، گفت که پس از حمله قلبی به مزایا وابسته شد.”
اندرسون پس از پرداخت صورتحسابهای اولیه، گفت که هفتهای ۲۳ پوند (۲۷ دلار) برای خرید مواد غذایی باقی مانده است.
آنها باید از این شرکت های انرژی مالیات بیشتری بگیرند و این کاری است که باید انجام دهند. تمام سودهایی که آنها به دست می آورند مشمول مالیات نمی شوند – این به تنهایی باعث می شود احساس بی اعتمادی کنم[تروس]خواهد بود
این اعلامیه پس از یک تابستان منتشر شد که دولت محافظه کار از اظهار نظر خودداری کرد. بوریس جانسون، نخست وزیر سابق، از زمان اعلام استعفای خود در ماه ژوئیه، قادر به اتخاذ تصمیمات مهم نیست. تراس که در رقابت حزب محافظه کار برای جایگزینی جانسون به عنوان رهبر پیروز شد، از افشای برنامه های خود قبل از روی کار آمدن خودداری کرد.
حمله به اوکراین باعث بحران انرژی در اروپا شد. روسیه عرضه گاز طبیعی ارزان قاره را که سالها برای تامین برق کارخانهها، تولید برق و گرم کردن خانهها به آن متکی بوده است، کاهش داده و قیمتها را افزایش داده است.
بریتانیا بیشتر گاز طبیعی خود را – عمدتاً از نروژ و نه روسیه – وارد میکند و بنابراین در برابر تغییرات قیمتهای جهانی آسیبپذیر است. پل دیلز، اقتصاددان ارشد بریتانیایی در کپیتال اکونومیکس گفت: این اقدام تورم را کاهش می دهد و دامنه رکود را محدود می کند، اما به افزایش نرخ بهره و بدهی دولت نیز منجر می شود.
تراس گفت: «دلیل اینکه ما در این مخمصه قرار داریم، جنگ وحشتناک پوتین (ولادیمیر رئیس جمهور روسیه) در اوکراین است. اما ما باید مطمئن شویم که منابع انرژی ما انعطاف پذیرتر و ایمن تر هستند، بنابراین دیگر این وضعیت را نخواهیم داشت.
این تراست یک “گروه کاری تامین انرژی” جدید را اعلام کرده است که در مورد قراردادهای بلندمدت انرژی با تامین کنندگان مذاکره خواهد کرد، که به گفته آن، کل عرضه انرژی داخلی بریتانیا را افزایش خواهد داد. بریتانیا در سال های اخیر میزان انرژی تولید شده توسط نیروی باد را به میزان قابل توجهی افزایش داده است و در حال برنامه ریزی برای ساخت نیروگاه های هسته ای بیشتری است.
این صندوق همچنین گفت که بیش از ۱۰۰ مجوز جدید حفاری در دریای شمال صادر خواهد کرد و به ممنوعیت شکستگی هیدرولیک در بریتانیا پایان خواهد داد. هر دو حرکت توسط طرفداران محیط زیست محکوم خواهد شد، زیرا می ترسند این بالابر تعهد قانونی بریتانیا به صفر شدن انتشار کربن تا سال ۲۰۵۰ را متوقف کند.
بریتانیا عملیات شکستگی هیدرولیک را در نوامبر ۲۰۱۹ به حالت تعلیق درآورد و گفت که پیش بینی دقیق اختلالات مربوط به حفاری ممکن نیست.
تراس میگوید که از تعهد صفر خالص برای مبارزه با تغییرات آب و هوایی حمایت میکند، اما نباید هزینه زیادی برای مردم و کسبوکارها داشته باشد.
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همه اخبار AP در مورد تغییرات آب و هوا را در https://apnews.com/hub/climate-and-environment دنبال کنید.Da semplice trader, il "Gorilla" di Wall Street era arrivato a capo di Lehman Brothers puntando sulla sua riconosciuta spietatezza. Dopo 14 anni al timone della banca, di fronte al collasso del gigante finanziario, frutto di una gestione aggressiva e operazioni speculative sulle obbligazioni legati ai mutui immobiliari (titoli tossici), Dick Fuld ha comunque evitato di accollarsi la piena responsabilità. E alla fine non ha pagato per i suoi errori: non un giorno di carcere, né perdite rilevanti dalle sue tasche. Anzi. Chiarendo una volta di più le ragioni di quel soprannome.How can television help students in their studies? (Continuous Writing, SPM 2006)
Children and teenagers love watching television. Most of them spend more time watching television than doing other activities [general discussion]. Television can help students in their studies depending on the types of programmes watched by them [thesis statement].
First of all, there are many educational programmes on television which can help students in their studies [stating first point]. These programmes are carefully constructed by the creative producers to make them interesting. Besides, talented presenters as well as interesting visual and sound make it easier for the students to understand and retain the knowledge learned [elaborating first point]. ASTRO Tutor TV is a very good example. There are revision programmes for every subject taught in school. Students can learn many tips and do the exercises given in effort to prepare for public examinations such as UPSR, PMR and SPM [providing details and examples to support first point].
Apart from that, the students’ language skills can be improved by watching television programmes [stating second point]. Watching English movies, dramas and sitcoms will provide the students with the input which will help them improve their English Language [elaborating second point]. “Oh My English”, a popular programme on ASTRO, is a sitcom about a replacement teacher from England trying to teach English to a group of mischievous students. While watching this sitcom, students will have the opportunity to learn English in context where common errors are highlighted and corrected in a fun way [providing details and examples to support second point].
Last but not least, various documentaries shown on television can inspire the students to do well in their studies as well as in their future lives [stating third point]. Watching these documentaries can create interest in the subjects learned at school [elaborating third point]. For example, watching a scientific documentary about the stars and the universe can inspire the students to excel in science subjects. Consequently, they might become scientists when they grow up [providing details and examples to support third point].
In conclusion, watching good programmes on television including educational programmes, movies or documentaries can help students in their studies [restating main points]. Therefore, it is strongly suggested that students have watching television as one of the activities in their daily schedule [emphasize the importance of topic].美国宇航局在离地球12亿公里的小行星“贝努尔”进行的一项研究 NASA的小行星飞船“奥西里斯360天原。[DokkiriMovingWheel]那些仙女运行过街的道路时，仙女开始”敲打枕头头“！注意怀疑路径人类怀旧雷克斯（OSIRIS-REX）”已经达到目的的小行星。任务还包括收集表面材料，如果成功，美国宇宙飞船将率先将小行星样本带回家。发出快乐的声音，“最后要达到”控制塔负责奥西里斯 - 雷克斯的通信，是工程师哈维塞尔纳的洛克希德·马丁公司空间联系。这是Osiris Rex用小型火箭发动机减速并使速度与小行星Benul一致的时机。奥西里斯雷克斯于2019年9月8日离开地球前往小行星维纳斯。在两年或更长时间内飞行了大约20亿公里后，他于2019年12月3日抵达Ben Ne。小行星目前设在1.25亿公里地球的距离，大约需要7分钟，飞船与地球进行通信。 Osiris·Rex将在未来一年半内研究小行星的表面和成分。到2020年7月，我将下降并收集样本。长度对Osiris雷克斯3.4米机器人臂TAGSAM的（Tagusamu：触摸和去样品采集机构）被提供。它向小行星的表面注入氮气，并在臂的尖端收集飞行物质和收集器。可采取的样品量为60克至2千克。在此之后，2021征途三月小行星，以返回到地球上的NE 2023年5月9日，以释放进入大气胶囊的样品。如果胶囊安全地抵达地球，样本数量将是自1972年阿波罗19号以来的最大数量。钻石形小行星维纳斯约500米，通过直径过高的速度高速地两端流动诉“特别”，“特别”，“特别”，“特别”，“MatoYu戏画面，绿某些你见过的蓝色？结束和新年假期的方式光站着许多Tsukasatsukue胜见证这光离奇的方式时，人们似乎都小你开开始也知道这是什么光图像提供:? NEXCO站在拥堵的具体措施，日本是鉴于此，我们专门姓ZeYukari有限公司管理的道路，北京赛车开奖结果:Land Rover Discovery Sport：代价，，这个时间差，站在参考居民在日本中部NEXCO，我的翔为 “驾驶辅助灯。” 的宗旨石 “减少汽车的方式令人惊讶的慢下来”。邮件过流动的无论施Zaiyasu SoRyo LED灯站在道路周期性轻质馏分往常一样站在车辆木桥驶方向，防止无意识的增减率减少拥塞的方式东到西，设有别是有可能发生无意识速度变慢，Hiyasu Sozaikatsu ERROR坡，站在NEXCO居民在日本管，已经折旧Sozai间隔约东京都，名古屋，大阪的高速公路行线路[龟山JCT〜四日市IC ]约4公里的实际，光线照的拍摄方法引起像况而跨:. NEXCO中国日本NEXCO中心“驾驶辅助光”，日本为什么竖立交通漂流同源光路，而不泽雄件，检测汽车及汽车数定量流动速度，这种信息况并分工已经拥挤可能出现的信息况和充血，在中国满足自身的动改变点燃方式死亡..如果死亡是的，车，脖子目的地它不亮，流动方式拥挤自由照明方式农村慢慢位置居民拥挤方式局部流动的照明，站在车的“闪烁”的方式形式敬之开始之前，流驱动装置预计提供这种乔况守明智的位置，以延迟交通信拥堵方式发生并缩在短通道 - 交通拥堵的具体时间。它是通过过光流到达顶部之后引导 “速恢复” 的基础上那个，Tadashize它根据驾驶员的具体信息况做DeRyo理性的指导。※这是NEXCO在间日基本上是一个项倡议，并不一定Zezai其他区使用于同源台系统灯光方式乔况。※如果您试重整变照明示意雄一场比赛是的效性给定的各种交通信拥堵对策相耦合JoRyo此次站在高速公共道路拉特定驱动器·外敬之努力AssistLight方式，通过过将两个高速公路设置的货币和三个个车道路Arunobe长连Sezzai树依据高速公路来增加高速公路数量洁具们天堂城市通过过设计来确认泽纳Yukage响，例如尽可以突然塞汽车。我们认为，在一间民房基础Tsukasatsukue立即留在这里到达使用站在新年假期时间，雅玉很多Tsukasatsukue陷入交通要塞状态。我们们可以通过照顾我们这下特有的拉照明并且Yuten担心来为缓解运输救济捐款。参考资料在日本拥挤如NEXCO瑞士好NAVI参与议院畑于27天恢复，在Ascenseur政府部分关闭的可能性胜股权续到圣诞节后吉隆坡，周围围绕一个太阳。两年来，旋转周期为4.2小时。另一方面，Osiris Rex长6米，重2110公斤，燃料充满。用于发电的太阳能电池板连接在左侧和右侧。要了解的数据“生命起源”Osiris Rex使用光谱仪和取样样本以外的绘图元素进行成分调查。由于碰撞Bennu的可能性是地球在未来100年有轻微的，阳光也检查工作，影响轨道多少亚尔科夫斯基效应。 Bennu是从太阳系的诞生，如地球的背景开始时就存在的水带来的，它可能已被隐藏的线索就知道生物的起源。除此之外，Bennu使用当选为使命的能力352ℓ的主题，如随只能携带依据带有轮子袋专门然而最低Shakusun时的易约站在展平显着Hisage讲台椅的使用后，如果靠背基础Tatere倾斜是的以堆叠。为什么于非吉尔姆尼 “XG” 石树脂材料Itakisaki座椅椅的靠背，强烈Itahai尘和划痕，污垢允许以通过用清水揉拭待清洁即免费使用乐设计在难户。官员李箱安装位置座位后方目的确定提出着陆座椅登乘板平面。海拔率的增长下降。至尊最大宽度1,300毫米，Noh汤水平潮高尔夫球轮应急棒。英国办公室的办公桌，绝望的奉献精神，鼓励提供信贷，逮捕解放有几个原因。它距离地球相对较近，其尺寸较大，因此转速不会太快。有丰富的碳来了解太阳系的起源。据说这些条件只是地球附近7000颗小行星中的5颗。我无法解释这一使命的伟大之处。 Osiris Rex将在未来两年内向地球发送令人惊讶的图像和数据。而且，小行星鹿儿岛___Goashi球俱乐部分玉24天宣布DFShujiTidei（31）续约。 ▽因为Timari自己2009年站在FC岐阜专业Kubishu，自2019站在造成鹿儿岛董事。这个赛季MeijiYasudaLifeJ3联赛死亡有机出现转台。 Osamuita续约联合，站在俱乐部官员如何对网站的评论家如下。 “1年的支持你们的支持，谢谢。结果时很难具体的伤病，在去年的基础凯报，也受伤了，今年一个家具非什么乐部1.这样的特定地位这样，唯一的有机Hisagemasu工作为俱乐部基础上才能结果亮。这是我自己而已Wareshin基础很感谢团队的-per，一个个人救赎 “” 当前 - 。减少了2019赛季获得鹿儿岛玩具这1感谢您了一年半的死亡是离开非玩峰并带领每个人■海蓝宝石方式梦想俱乐部分给了我们一个个发指挥的自我。这谢谢你，Waresoro Rosatomen间距返回反掌，Warekai尽我最大比呆在家里鹿儿岛基础缘故。让我们在J2特定的第一年共为鹿儿岛基础历史性别年度份而战。“传说中特有的” 10，19川崎Awba“另一个个主角”菅直人老师“理论”那天“[第二部分]登陆也试试。未来是不好玩。به گزارش روابط عمومی حوزه معاونت امور زیربنایی و حمل و نقل شهری شهرداری یزد، در راستاي کاهش ميزان تصادفات و افزایش ایمنی راننده و سرنشینان، کاهش مصرف سوخت، کمتر شدن استهلاک وسیله نقلیه و تبدیل خسارات حداکثری به حداقلی، کارگاه آموزشی رانندگی تدافعی توسط پارک ترافیک ویژه کارکنان دولت برگزار گردید.
حمید دهقان مدیریت مهندسی و ایمنی ترافیک ضمن تاکید بر برگزاری این کارگاه ها و فرهنگ سازی رفتارهای ترافیکی، گفت : در این دوره افراد با مسائلی چون اهمیت و الزام یادگیری رانندگی، بررسی آمار حوادث رانندگی، نقش فراگیری مهارتهای تکمیلی در کاهش آمار تصادفات در کشورهای مختلف، آموزش تئوری تکنیکهای رانندگی تدافعی و مهارتهای تکمیلی، آموزش نکات ایمنی، بررسی شرایط ذهنی و روحی راننده، راهکارهای مواجهه با خستگی، بیماری و عدم هوشیاری کافی، وضعیت محیطی و شرایط جوی، آشنایی با عکس العملهای مناسب در هنگام بروز حادثه، بررسی حوادث و تصادفات رانندگی، طرحهای ارتقاء ایمنی عبور و مرور و ... آشنا می شوند.
شایان ذکر است این کارگاه آموزشی به همت پارک ترافیک شهرداری و پلیس راهور استان برای کارکنان صندوق کار آفرینی امید برگزار گردیده است و آموزش کارکنان سایر بانک وصندوق های قرض الحسنه استان در دستور کار شهرداری یزد قرار دارد.
معاونت امور زیربنایی و حمل و نقل شهری شهرداری یزدpk10冠军5码必中计划
此外，有意思的是，照片中詹姆斯还穿上了美国足球队号战袍，球衣的背面写着球员名字，他就是现效力于德甲多特蒙德的克里斯蒂安普里西奇。出生于年的普里西奇是一名克罗地亚裔的美国职业足球运动员，被誉为可能是“第一位来自美国的足坛超级巨星”。
之前，爱立信曾使用“预商用”端到端系统，通过光谱在印度展示了通信。爱立信预计，年全球将有亿用户。首个商用网络将与年推出，年大规模部署。
环球网综合报道据英国《每日邮报》月日报道，近日，菲律宾雕刻艺术家加布里埃尔图阿松（）拍摄自己在家中
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In che misura l'Play store non scarica gli utenti?
Per capire come funziona Play store non scarica, uno sguardo alla situazione di studio per quanto riguarda gli ingredienti aiuta
Antesiamo già questo lavoro. Quindi diamo un'occhiata alle informazioni del produttore sull'effetto, di seguito valutiamo i rapporti degli utenti.
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- ingredienti di Play store non scarica creano una sensazione naturale e piacevole di sazietà che riduce le voglie
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- Il processo di conversione delle calorie in grasso è ridotto
Questi documenti sull'efficacia del Play store non scarica provengono dal produttore o da diversi terzi e si trovano anche negli studi e nei risultati della
È Play store non scarica la decisione giusta per te come utente?
È possibile rispondere rapidamente a questo Play store non scarica per chi sarebbe in
Tuttatutto, è certo che chiunque lotta con la perdita di peso potrebbe ottenere risultati migliori prendendo Play store non scarica.
Senza pensare, saranno a loro agio a prendere Play store non scarica e durante la notte tutti i problemi sarebbero scomparsi. Sii paziente. Dovresti esserne consapevole. La perdita di peso è un processo lungo. Per questo è necessario più tempo.
Play store non scarica può essere considerato un'abbreviazione, ma non ti salva mai fino
So, se si desidera perdere grasso, acquistare Play store non scarica, utilizzare questo prodotto senza eccezioni, e potrebbe presto godere di risultati.
Si verificano anche effetti collaterali indesiderati?
Come è stato a lungo menzionato, il prodotto si basa solo su ingredienti naturali, accuratamente selezionati e ben tollerati. Di conseguenza, è accessibile senza prescrizione medica.
E se si guarda le esperienze degli utenti precedenti, è evidente che non hanno sperimentato alcuna circostanza di accompagnamento indesiderata.
E'esiste una garanzia sufficiente solo se gli utenti seguono le istruzioni alle Play store non scarica, perché ha un effetto eccezionalmenteforte.
La mia raccomandazione è che si acquista solo il prodotto dal produttore originale, in quanto spesso porta a duplicati discutibili con componenti critici. Finché segui l'inoltro nel testo seguente, arriverai alla home page del produttore a cui puoi affidarti.
Qual è la Play store non scarica e cosa è contro di essa?
T:System.
- disponibile solo in un negozio
- 'offerta a buon mercato
- con l'uso quotidiano
- affects nel tempo
Pro:
- Convenienti opzioni di pagamento
- inacrising service
- well
- effect solo naturale
- basso prezzo
- positive esperienze di utenti
- sempio potenziale di
- risparmio
L'uso è molto semplice
L'unica cosa che dovresti fare per ottenere tutto dai molteplici vantaggi di Play store non scarica è quello di mettere un certo interesse nella valutazione del prodotto.
Cio, non preoccuparti dei pensieri negativi e non vedi l'ora che pensi abbia senso provare Play store non scarica. Qualcosa che dovresti sapere è che non c'è assolutamente alcun problema nell'integrare la preparazione nella tua vita
esperienze utente di alcuni utenti lo dimostrano.
Ci sono risposte specifiche e utili alla totalità delle domande senza risposta nelle istruzioni per l'uso così come sulla nota homepage della società, che è collegato in questo articolo.. Questo lo distingue da altri elementi, ad esempio Calorie uovo..
Quando ci si aspetta progressi?
Numerous consumers segnala che è stato possibile registrare una modifica quando è stata utilizzata per la prima volta. Non è quindi raro che le esperienze di successo siano prenotate dopo poche settimane
In studi, Play store non scarica di utenti è stato spesso attribuito un effetto immediato che è solo un breve periodo di tempo all'inizio. Con l'uso a lungo termine, questi risultati si stabilizzano, in modo che anche dopo l'uso è completo, i risultati sono permanenti.
Molti clienti utilizzano quindi il prodotto più e più volte dopo un tempo molto lungo!
Non è quindi una buona idea per consentire i rapporti dei clienti per essere vale la pena troppo alto se si promessi risultati estremamente veloci qui. A seconda dell'utente, può richiedere un periodo di tempo completamente diverso per i successi a comparire.
Cosa raccontano le persone che hanno avuto Play store non scarica?
È un fatto innegabile che quasi tutti gli interessati sono estremamente soddisfatti di Play store non scarica. I successi sono in parte diversi, ma la visione positiva prevale con la stragrande maggioranza dei critici.
Da questo concludo:
Con Play store non scarica - fornito di beneficiare delle offerte economiche del produttore - è una considerazione
Ee'sono vari fatti che potrei identificare nella ricerca:
Play store non scarica mostra risultati impressionanti negli studi
La solita esperienza di Play store non scarica è straordinariamente promettente. Abbiamo controllato il mercato di tali prodotti sotto forma di compresse, balsamo e altri rimedi per anni, hanno già cercato un sacco di consigli e testato su di noi pure. Tuttavia, le prove non sono altrettanto inequivocabili come nel caso del prodotto.
La maggior parte degli utenti parla di grandi trionfi di perdita di peso
- Un nuovo sentimento per la vita è sorto tra i più! (le persone hanno una maggiore immagine di sé e, infine, un abito libero - selezione)
- Per e grandi, hanno perso un sacco di peso, così la gente si sentiva di nuovo incantevole
- Compared a prima, fitness e l'immagine speculare migliorata
- Ci non c'erano requisiti di dieta eccezionali o sessioni sportive
- Play store non scaricaführte alla perdita di un sacco di chili di grasso inutile in poco tempo
Non esitare e buttare via la vostra obesità fastidiosa istantaneamente.
A persona che vuole perdere i chili ha bisogno di un lungo respiro e dovrebbe anche aspettarsi di fare passi indietro a volte. Di conseguenza, è normale che innumerevoli persone soffrano di ripetuti fallimenti quando perdono peso.
Quali sono le ragioni per non ottenere sostegno daifondi?
Non dovresti nascondere il fatto che stai usando un certo assistente per dimagrire.
intolerance sono molto rare dopo l'ingestione - questo è ciò che quelli produzione efficace su base naturale e rapporti di test inoltre positivi da parte di persone che usano il farmaco mi dicono.
In occasione dell'evento che ora dici: "Chiaramente devo abbattere il grasso corporeo e fare qualcosa, ma sprecare pochi soldi su di esso". Così si può mai uscire da questa situazione scomoda, è necessario essere consapevoli di questo.
Finalmente passare attraverso la vita con la figura desiderata, che sensazione attraente che sarebbe.
So dire che il prodotto è assolutamente essenziale per qualsiasi consumatore che ha fallito nella riduzione del grasso corporeo finora e dal momento che ci sono programmi bonus estremamente vantaggiosi, non si dovrebbe aspettare troppo a lungo e ordinare oggi.
La mia opinione sul prodotto
So la composizione ben pensata degli ingredienti, i rapporti di prova così come il prezzo dovrebbe convincere il più grande dubbio direttamente.
So, se siete interessati all'argomento, Play store non scarica sicuramente consigliato. Va sottolineato che si ordina sempre Play store non scarica dal sito web del produttore originale. Non è mai prevedibile quello che si ottiene da fonti dubbie.
Ci credo che sia un dovere provare. Ho provato abbastanza prodotti per la perdita di peso per dire: Play store non scarica è l'unica soluzione al soggetto in questione.
La mia conclusione Play store non scarica: mantenere le promesse fatte in ogni
È l'enorme vantaggio di un uso conveniente che non ti costa molto tempo. A Dieta dukan di lavoro, è notevolmente più efficace di conseguenza.
Ulteriori suggerimenti sull'acquisto del prodotto
A ripetere l'avviso, Play store non scarica deve essere acquistato da una fonte alternativa. Un mio conoscente pensato, perché ho consigliato il prodotto a lui a causa della buona efficacia, che si ottiene un rimedio identico anche con fornitori dubbi. Il risultato è stato deludente.
Tutti i beni che ho acquistato provengono dalle fonti elencate di seguito. La mia raccomandazione è sempre di acquistare gli articoli solo dal produttore originale.
Per tali articoli, consigliamo ebay, Amazon e simili, in quanto non crediamo che l'autenticità dei prodotti e la vostra discrezione a questi rivenditori saranno garantiti. Un acquisto dal vostro farmacista locale è anche inutile.
In negozio internet del rivenditore collegato di Play store non scarica, si attribuisce importanza a un acquisto discreto, anonimo e privo di
Per fare questo, è possibile lavorare con i nostri indirizzi web verificati e sicuri senza alcun problema.
Se si è deciso di provare a Play store non scarica, l'ultima cosa rimasta è la quantità ordine consigliata. Quando si acquista un pacchetto più grande invece di una quantità minore, il prezzo di acquisto per unità diventa molto più economico e si risparmia tempo. Ritardare i successi in attesa che il prodotto venga consegnato è incredibilmente frustrante..6The Lovers – 托特塔罗牌牌义:
|直觉
|对立的奉献与团结
|目的
|完全融合，成为一体
|指导原则
|爱就像是全面和充实的体现
|光明
|内心深处的认可和决策自由
|黑暗
|难以实现的爱情，压抑的神经，自我牺牲，犹豫不决
|质量
|勇敢的决定
1.卡
恋人一张充满诗意的美丽卡片，将形式从外部连接到其中所包含的创造力，寻求超越创造物与堕落面纱内的日常影像的意义人 这种深远的关注来自“基督教红十字会的化学婚姻”，其中醉酒的睡意与程式化的渴望被“爱所包围”，但是然后，潜在的困倦就变得“不存在”，这与黑暗精神内敛的灵魂相对应。
该卡通过在一对夫妇的一侧浸透皮肤的情况下正确评估这种情况。在图片的中间，我们可以看到摩洛哥黑人国王（戴着金色皇冠和红色狮子）与白银女王戴着银色皇冠和白鹰的誓言。这种人性化的热情体现了对立的吸引力，男女之间的亲密关系，在宇宙中重建失去的统一的尝试：轴心之前的情况在天堂之外。
对应的希伯来语字符Zain意味着剑，这是分裂的工具，因此代表了极端。这就是卡片的框架是满是剑的圆顶的原因，在此之下，正在举行皇家婚礼。
被一个伟大的魔术师召唤，由丘比特合照，并与一条蛇（卷曲着翅膀的“ ”卷曲在一起）合起来，“恋人塔罗牌”也可以看作是永恒的具体化，发展成为新的，不断诞生的生命，可以在两个孩子中看到。
分析和描述
1.主题（情侣）
A.皇家夫妇
恋人牌是寻求与我们周围环境联系的一个方面的图像。通过创造，原始的团结分裂为两极：从那里，他们在男女的阴阳对立中相互对峙。正是由于它们带有相反的性质，它们彼此吸引，所以它们具有使内部的这些相反部分重新团聚的能力。
B.形状和表情
在卡片上可以看出，夫妻正在互相看，但不一定会看到对方。因此，他们只专注于自己附加到彼此的图像（姿势和手势相同）。这样一来，他们没有意识到自己只是看着对方的面具，反映了他们所缺少的一切，他们可能不会像完美概念那样爱对方。因此，他们喜欢自己设定的理想伴侣的形象，而不是对方的本性。
2.背景（元素）
A.隐士
恋人卡中间的隐士形像在他的斗篷后面完全不可见，好像他想指出事物的根本原因在于表达和智慧之外的领域。通过他祝福的手臂，他赋予了两个具有神圣意义的人的爱。这也反映在创作计划中，卷轴散布在玛格斯手中：大自然的蓝图控制着大自然的过程，将物质化带入精神，以及对物种的维护，充分促进了自身的发展。为了本能地融合。
B.爱神
这种本能的努力被爱神厄洛斯描述，他唤醒了本能的冲动，这是渴望拥有每个生物体内所携带的魔法的欲望的肉体表现，徘徊在圣人的头巾上。
C.夏娃和莉莉丝
夏娃和莉莉丝，象征着光明与黑暗，站在爱的两边（爱神），它需要个人通过爱的力量团结起来。根据信念，莉莉丝是亚当的第一任妻子，起源于《第一代故事》（创世记1.27）。神话中莉莉丝拒绝在性生活中始终躺在亚当之下。她告诉愤慨的亚当，因为她是同时创造的，所以她和他一样。当亚当拒绝理解时，她生气了，离开了他。从那时起，她就被视为犹太信仰中的黑暗女性恶魔，当她出现在梦中时，他们会惊吓新生婴儿和引发男性噩梦。根据父权制信仰，她被认为是女性的阴暗面，而不是夏娃。夏娃是第二代故事中亚当的肋骨所创造的。
3.前景（螺旋形）
A.双胞胎（克劳利注）
该卡片是第一张描述双胞胎的卡片，我们将一再看到这种模式。它的原始形式包含创作物语。克劳利写道：
该卡及其双卡，XIV，艺术（请参见第84页-“双字”）是最含糊且难以理解的。卡中的每个符号都是重复的，因此其含义将形成不同的顺序，并且只能通过反复婚姻，格式化和某些双性恋形式来实现融合。国王和王后的武器进一步促进了男性和女性的象征：他拥有圣灵，而她拥有圣杯；另一方面，他们互相拥护，表示同意结婚。他们的武器也由两个孩子同时持有，他们的位置也被交换：白人男孩不仅拿着酒杯，而且还持有玫瑰，而黑人孩子拿着矛。他父亲的手杖和棍棒同时出现，象征着平等。卡片的底部是模仿和原始形式的婚姻的结果：带翅膀的Orphic egg。鸡蛋代表着男人和女人配方中所有生命的精华。它的象征是绣在国王披风上的蛇，以及装饰在女王外套上的蜜蜂。
B.男人和女人
这对夫妻象征着他们试图克服性别分离，对偶分裂或原始统一崩溃的尝试，并重新获得失落的天堂。根据某些信念，男人和女人是一个整体，后来才分开。柏拉图写道：
男人的两部份分开后，每年都渴望另一半，他们想在一起，伸出手臂，紧紧地拥抱在一起，渴望成为一个。因此，我们彼此渴望的古老价值观已深深地扎根于我们，重新统一了我们的原始本性，创造了一个单词，并治愈了人类的状态（“葡萄酒派对之夜”）。
C.白人婴儿和黑人婴儿（Orphic蛋）
图片中央的带翅膀的鸡蛋中，有一条蛇盘绕，隐藏着生命的秘密，两个孩子骑在那些翅膀上。黑人婴儿手持父亲的长矛（阴茎符号），象征着促使人繁衍的男性本能。像红狮一样，它是创造力的象征（太阳，火，酸）。团结的愿望表达了恢复失去的联盟的最深切的愿望。白人婴儿背着母亲的杯子，表达了对母亲内心无尽资源的热爱。就像白鹰一样，月亮（水，碱性）符号将我们与我们体内的女性肖像，母亲以及永恒的女权主义形象联系在一起。
D. 创意螺旋（父母-孩子-老人）
父母表达了彼此努力为彼此努力的愿望。这种对立性在对立面的吸引力中表达出来，是通过他们的情感关系“释放”的。在天堂的合作中，他们两个合而为一。通过扩大他们的镜像（儿童）的同质性，他们发展成为超越他们的原型形式（隐士）。因此，情人将生与死（儿童和老人）结合在了一起，因为隐蔽的外表也是无穷创意循环的象征。通过这种方式，他们进化为超级个体，甚至是宇宙，因为它们在死亡中的统一性与在死亡状态下不断唤醒生命的观念时刻相吻合。
留言
齐格弗里德和布伦希尔德
在瓦格纳的《尼伯龙根的指环》中，我们在齐格弗里德与布伦希尔德之间的第一次会面中找到了“恋人之谜”的典范。死亡女神布伦希尔德被父亲沃坦（Wotan）驱逐出境，并因无法保护自己的亲生儿子和已故的弟弟西格蒙德（Siegmund）而被封闭，无法入睡。齐格蒙德（Siegmund）的儿子齐格弗里德被选中唤醒布伦希尔德Brunhilde的睡眠。他以前从未见过女人，并这样表达自己的热情：“我感谢母亲为我生下孩子！”。醒来后，她承认自从他出生以来就认识他，并以听起来像狮身人面像的话证实了他的信念：她是他的母亲：我是一个 如果可以给我你的爱。您需要学习的东西，向我学习，因为我的灵魂充满知识，而我爱您！”。
恋人之爱
这里发生的是一个真实的预测。齐格弗里德（Seigfried）代表着女性的自我和母亲的形象，布伦希尔德（Brunhilde）代表着她的男性自我，但至少她知道自己在做什么。在解释这对夫妇奇迹般的蜕变秘密的奇观之后，我们看到他们的神性在闪烁；“但是，如果你能给我你的爱，我们就是一个。”表明“我是你爱中存在的女性气质，并且你将通过爱获得。
这句话也用这样的话说：“如果你的爱不能反映我，那么你将与女人味分离，而不再依赖我；因为正是你渴望的力量赋予了我释放你或摧毁你的力量。” 第二句话：“您需要学习的东西，向我学习”，描述了皇帝与女皇（物质）或魔术师对大祭司（精神）的微妙搭配。这意味着齐格弗里德为自己的伴侣隐瞒了自己的女性本能，这不会造成任何麻烦，因为-正如她的第三只眼睛所说明-确保她对他的爱（“因为我的灵魂充满知识，我爱你”）。
解释
背景（百年婚姻）
“化学婚姻”一词最早出现在“化学婚姻：基督教红十字会”中，并于1616年重新出现，并将红十字带给了公众。在欧洲，克劳利与恋人卡相关
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Edna remembers telling Madame Ratignolle in a casual conversation that she would never sacrifice herself for her children—she would sacrifice almost anything, but not her self.
Like many people around her, Edna understands motherhood as sacrifice. For someone like Madame Ratignolle, it is a sacrifice that gives meaning to life. For Edna, it is an impingement on her freedom, which is meaningful in itself.
She talks to Mademoiselle Reisz about Robert on their way to the beach. Edna says that Madame Lebrun must miss her son, but Mlle Reisz answers that she cares more about his brother Victor. The older woman remembers that the two brothers quarreled over the girl named Mariequita. Edna grows sad and swims for a long time. Back on shore, Mlle Reisz invites Edna to come visit her in the city.
Robert’s departure doesn’t entirely derail Edna’s awakening. Though he’s gone, she still enjoys swimming in the ocean, which stands for the freedom and self-knowledge she seeks. His departure does color her awakening a darker shade of ennui and despair.Huntsville History Collection Resources
Huntsville is blessed with a wealth of organizations and individuals who are committed to making the history of our city readily available to its residents and visitors. This article describes and links to those information sources about Huntsville.
- UAHuntsville Library Archives - The Archives of the University of Alabama's Salmon Library contain some real treasures relating to the history and architecture of Huntsville, including extensive collections on the space program. Of particular interest are:
- Huntsville-Madison County Public Library - Heritage Room - The Heritage Room of the Huntsville-Madison County Public Library contains a wealth of historic information including:
- Books, microfilm, local newspaper clippings, descriptive brochures, and biographical data about Huntsville and Madison County.
- State and county records - histories, abstracts of marriages, cemetery records, wills, deeds, court minutes, and church and vital records in print and microform.
- Local editions of newspapters on microform.
- Alabama State Black Archives Research Center & Museum - The goal of this research center and museum, located in the historic James H. Wilson Building on the campus of Alabama A & M University, is "to encourage greater awareness of the achievements and contributions of African Americans and the role they played in American society and the world, and to provide a better basis for understanding racial and cultural differences."
Huntsville Museums, Historical Sites & Activities
- Harrison Brothers Hardware - "Harrison Brothers, located on South Side Square in Huntsville, is the oldest operating hardware store in Alabama. Founded in 1879 by brothers James and Daniel Harrison as a tobacco store on Jefferson Street, the business was moved to its present location in 1897." It is maintained by the Historic Huntsville Foundation.
- Weeden House Museum - "The Weeden House Museum, located at 300 Gates Avenue, Huntsville, Alabama is home to the artwork of Maria Howard Weeden and currently houses many of her works in the museum collection." It "is now owned by the City of Huntsville and is leased by the Twickenham Historic Preservation District Association and maintained as a 19th Century house museum."
- Burritt on the Mountain - This museum located on Monte Santo includes Dr. William Henry Burritt's eclectic mansion and a historic park with restored 19th century houses. The old church is the venue for a variety of concerts, plays and exhibits.
- Alabama Constitution Village - "Forty-four delegates of the constitutional convention gathered here in a vacant cabinet shop on July 5, 1819, to organize Alabama as the 22nd state. John Boardman's print shop, Clement Comer Clay's law office, the Federal Land Surveyor's office, a post office and sheriff Stephen Neal's residence surround that cabinet shop."
- Huntsville Depot & Museum - "Listed on the National Register of Historic Places, the Depot served as the local passenger house & the corporate offices for the eastern division of the Memphis & Charleston Railroad. An active passenger station until 1968, the original depot building now stands as a symbol of Huntsville's transportation history and city growth."
- North Alabama Railroad Museum - The center piece of this museum with over 30 railroad cars is the Chase Depot, the smallest union depot in the country since it served more than one railroad when in service. If you visit the museum on a day when the train is running, you can ride a vintage train over the museum's own Mercury & Chase Railroad.
- U.S. Space & Rocket Center - "Home to Space Camp, Aviation Challenge and X-Camp; The U.S. Space & Rocket Center is recognized as one of the most comprehensive U.S. manned space flight hardware museums in the world."
- Huntsville Botanical Garden - In addition to being an outstanding botanical garden, it is the current "home" to the columns from one of Huntsville's early courthouses.
- Huntsville Museum of Art - "The nationally-accredited Museum fills its seven galleries with a variety of exhibitions throughout the year, including prestigious traveling exhibits and the work of nationally and regionally acclaimed artists. The Museum’s own 2,522-piece permanent collection also forms the basis for several exhibitions each year."
- Sci-Quest Science Center - "Sci-Quest is a hands-on science center with more than 100 permanent, interactive exhibits in seven different subject areas." Although it is not focused on history, it is one of Huntsville's extensive collection of museums.
- Historical Pursuit - Historical Pursuit provides a variety of topical walking tours of Huntsville.
- Huntsville Pilgrimage - The Huntsville Pilgrimage Association provides annual tours of Huntsville's historic homes as well as a delightful Maple Hill Cemetery Stroll where the residents of the cementery arise annually to share their personal stories with the visitors.
- Helion Lodge - Website for the "First and Oldest" Masonic Lodge in the State of Alabama.
- Huntsville History Bookshelf - An amazing number of books have been written about Huntsville and its History. This section contains brief descriptions for some of these books. Links are provided to scanned images of the covers, title pages and table of contents, so you can decide if you want to acquire a copy.
- RailRoad Station Antiques - Check out the extensive collection of Huntsville history publications in the Shavers Books booths on the second floor of RailRoad Station Antiques.
- Old Huntsville: History and Stories of the Tennessee Valley - Old Huntsville has been publishing a monthly magazine of stories about Huntsville's history since 1991. They also have a website with links to a variety of Huntsville-related historical records and some of the articles from their publication.
- Foundations of Faith - A Huntsville/Madison County Convention & Visitors Bureau which describes Huntsville's houses of worship that are over 100 years old.
- Historical Markers - This publication on the Huntsville City Website provides maps and a listing of all of the historical markers in Madision County.
- Huntsville Rewound - "Pictures and memories from the Huntsville AL TV market including Huntsville, Decatur, Athens, Madison, The Shoals, Sand Mountain, South TN border counties and all points in-between. This area has grown tremendously over the last 60 years and there are a lot of great memories here. (and they overlap cities/counties/states) This site has a companion site on facebook."
- Huntsville Revisited - "You will find pictures and stories relating to this North Alabama city and surrounding areas. Since 1968, Huntsville Revisited has archived stories and photos of Huntsville - Madison County, Alabama."
- Encyclopedia of Alabama - A "free, online resource on Alabama history, culture, geography, and natural environment. This site offers articles on Alabama’s famous people, historic events, sports, art, literature, industry, government, plant and animal life, agriculture, recreation, and so much more."
- AlabamaMosaic - "AlabamaMosaic is a repository of digital materials on Alabama's history, culture, places, and people. Its purpose is to make unique historical treasures from Alabama's archives, libraries, museums, and other repositories electronically accessible to Alabama residents and to students, researchers, and the general public in other states and countries."
- About.com, Huntsville, Alabama - This resource, maintained by Jean Brandau, provides a picture galleries of Huntsvilles historic neighborhoods and activities.
- Maria Howard Weeden - This biography of Maria Howard Weeden is on the Alabama Women's Hall of Fame web-site.
- Huntsville Police Department - This page of the Huntsville Police Departments website contains links to pictures and other materials documenting the history of the Huntsville Police Department.
Local, State & National Organizations
- Historic Huntsville Foundation - The Historic Huntsville Foundation was established in 1974 "to encourage the preseravation of historically or architecturally significant sites and structures throughout Huntsville and Madison County and to increase public awareness of their value to the community."
- Preservation Alabama - "The Alabama Historical Commission is the state agency charged with safeguarding Alabama’s historic buildings and sites."
- Alabama Cemetery Preservation - The Alabama Cemetery Preservation Alliance (ACPA) is "dedicated to honoring, recording, restoring and preserving all cemeteries and burial grounds throughout the state of Alabama."
- National Trust for Historic Preservation - "The National Trust for Historic Preservation is a private, nonprofit membership organization dedicated to saving historic places and revitalizing America's communities."
- Preservation America - "Preserve America is a federal initiative that encourages and supports community efforts to preserve and enjoy our priceless cultural and natural heritage. The goals of the program include a greater shared knowledge about the nation's past, strengthened regional identities and local pride, increased local participation in preserving the country's cultural and natural heritage assets, and support for the economic vitality of our communities."
- Library of Congress - The Library of Congress contains the Historic American Structures Survey and other resources of interest.
- National Park Service - This link the to the National Park Service Cultural Resources Home Page provides access to the National Historic Register, the Historic American Structures Survey and a variety of other historic preservation information.
- Preservapedia - Preservapedia is a wiki knowledge base focused "specifically on technical material related to cultural resource management and its allied fields."معاون فناوری پارک علم و فناوری: سند اجرایی توسعه مجتمع مس تدوین و مدل های مختلف بررسی شده است؛ نقشه راه هم آماده شده است و فاز اول و دوم آینده پژوهی انجام شده و فاز سوم تا پایان سال عملیاتی می شود.
رفسنجان زیبا| معاون فناوری پارک علم و فناوری استان کرمان در آیین اختتامیه رویداد شناسایی و رفع چالش های فناورانه صنعت مس، گفت: محوریت در این رویداد دریافت نیازهای مجتمع مبتنی بر حل مشکلات بود؛ لذا لزوما دنبال فناوری نیستیم گاهی یک ایده ساده می تواند مشکل بزرگی را حل کند.
دکتر رضایی زاده با بیان اینکه در حال حاضر نواوری بر فناوری مقدم است و به سمت اقتصاد مبتنی بر نواوری پیش می رویم، گفت: انتظار می رود ساختاری را ایجاد کنیم که به سمت نواوری برود.
وی افزود: حسب دستور مدیریت مجتمع کارگروهی تشکیل شد که در آن نیازها شناسایی شوند و نقشه راه تدوین و آینده پژوهی لحاظ گردد.
معاون پارک علم و فناوری استان کرمان از تدوین سند اجرایی توسعه مجتمع مس خبر داد و اظهار کرد: نقشه راه آماده شده است و فاز اول و دوم آینده پژوهی انجام شده و فاز سوم تا پایان سال عملیاتی می شود.
دکتر رضایی زاده ادامه داد: برای تامین خوراک سند اجرایی، بر نیازهای داخل مجتمع متمرکز شدیم که بیش از حد انتظار مشارکت کردند.
وی تصریح کرد: این رویداد آموزشی – آزمایشی بود تا چالش های این رویه را ببینیم و هرساله برگزار و سطح ان را بالا ببریم.
دکتر رضایی زاده گفت: در حال حاضر بجز صنایع خاص مثل دفاعی و نظامی، شرکت مس پیشرو است و برای رساندن این نظام به هدف خاص باید با هم تعامل داشته باشیم و دقت کنیم که افراد نوآور و خلاق از کارگر مس تا مدیریت کلان می توانند نقش افرین باشپد.
وی با اشاره به اینکه ۷۸۰۰ شرکت دانش بنیان داریم، گفت: ۷۰۵ تای آن ها به محصول رسیده اند و براساس نیازهای مجتمع، ۳۰ درصد یعنی ۲۰۰ شرکت به سمت معادن می آیند.Definitions for saddle seat
This page provides all possible meanings and translations of the word saddle seat
A slightly concave seat (used in a Windsor chair) that sometimes has a thick ridge in front
A style of horseback riding, designed in the United States to show off a horse's gaits, especially the trot.
Saddle Seat is a style of horseback riding within the category of English riding that is designed to show off the high trotting action of certain horse breeds. The style developed into its modern form in the United States, and is also seen in Canada and South Africa. To a much lesser extent, it is ridden with American action horse breeds in Europe and Australia. The goal of the Saddle Seat riding style is to show off the horse's extravagant gaits, particularly the trot. All saddle seat riding is done on the flat. In the United States, there sometimes is confusion between saddle seat and hunt seat disciplines among individuals who are neither familiar with different styles of English saddle nor the substantial differences in rider position and attire between the disciplines.
Find a translation for the saddle seat definition in other languages:
Select another language:با انتشار کتابهای سیاوش کسرایی، منوچهر آتشی، سیدعلی صالحی، نادر نادرپور و سیمین بهبهانی، مجموعه «شعر زمان ما» گردآوری فیض شریفی به 10 جلد رسید.
به گزارش خبرنگار مهر، مجموعه شعر زمان ما، کتابهایی درباره شاعران معاصر ایران است که انتشارات نگاه منتشر میکند و طی آن اشعار، زندگینامه و گزیدههایی از آثار شاعران معاصر ایران مورد تحلیل قرار گرفته است.
در این آثار، زندگی شاعر، زمینه سیاسی - اجتماعی اشعار، سبک شعر و نحوه استفاده از واژگان، بافت و ساخت شعرها، تاثیرپذیری از شاعران قبل و اثرگذاریاش بر شعر شاعران بعد از خود، وزن شعر، آرایههای شعری و همچنین اظهار نظرهای اهل فن را به عنوان سرفصل مد نظر داشته است.
پنج جلد کتاب پیشین این مجموعه را زندهیاد حقوقی نوشته بود و فیض شریفی نیز در مجلدات تازه تلاش کرده است به سبک کار وفادار بماند.
در مقدمه این کتابها آمده است که مرحوم حقوقی شش ماه پیش از مرگ از فیض شرفی خواسته بود تا کار انتشار این مجموعه را پی بگیرد و مطابق با الگویی که او برای این کتاب ها در نظر گرفته بود، به پیش ببرد.
فیض شریفی در مقدمه مجموعه نوشته است: «مرگ تاثرآور و نابهنگام آقای حقوقی باعث توقف این مجموعه شد. شاید 6 ماه پیش از این اتفاق بود که ایشان تلفنی از من خواست تا این کار را پی بگیرم. از آنجا که دکتر ایرج صفشکن شاعر معاصر از گفتگوی نگارنده این واژگان با حقوقی آگاهی داشت، این مطلب را با مدیریت انتشارات نگاه در میان نهادند و ایشان با توافقات و تفاهمات و تعهداتی که در قبال مجموعه یاد شده دارند، پذیرفتند که برای آشنایی بیشتر شاعران جوان و دانشجویان، شاعران دیگری که در ادبیات معاصر ایران تاثیر بلامنازعی داشتهاند، مورد نقد و تحلیل و بررسی قرار گیرند».
اولین عنوان از مجموعه «شعر زمان ما»به شعر احمد شاملو اختصاص داشت و با نیما یوشیج، فروغ فرخزاد، سهراب سپهری و مهدی اخوان ثالث ادامه یافت. پنج کتاب تازه این مجموعه عبارتند از: سیمین بهبهانی، سیاوش کسرایی، منوچهر آتشی، سیدعلی صالحی و نادر نادرپور.
کتاب نادر نادرپور در 471 صفحه و قیمت 17 هزار تومان، سیاوش کسرایی در 320 صفحه و با قیمت 12500 تومان، سیدعلی صالحی در 488 صفحه و با قیمت 17 هزار تومان، منوچهر آتشی در 480 صفحه و با قیمت 17 هزار تومان و سیمین بهبهانی در 343 صفحه و با قیمت 12500 تومان توسط انتشارات نگاه منتشر شده است.Sadece iki gece kalmak vardı ve bir arıza, her yerde bulamadı. Martin ve Ken harika ev sahipliği yapan konuşma ve etrafta gezip herhangi bir öneri sunar. Kesinlikle geri döneceğim. Ev yapımı reçeller, harika.
- Rezervasyon Seçenekleri:
- TripAdvisor, Booking.com ve Priceline ile iş ortaklığı yapmaktan gurur duyar, bu nedenle Serendipity Bed and Breakfast rezervasyonlarınızı güvenle yapabilirsiniz. Her zaman en iyi indirimler ve özel tekliflerle, her ay milyonlarca seyahat edene hem tatil hem de iş seyahatleri için yardımcı oluyoruz.معصومه ستوده
یکی از بحث های تحلیل گران امور ایران در چند ماه گذشته، چگونگی حضور محمود احمدی نژاد در انتخابات ریاست جمهوری بود. سرانجام با توصیه مقام معظم رهبری مبنی بر عدم شرکت او، عملا این موضع از فهرست دل مشغولی های سیاسیون ایران خارج شد. با این حال اما به نظر می رسد محمود احمدی نژاد هنوز برنامه هایی برای اردیبهشت ماه سال آینده تدارک دیده باشد. برنامه هایی که می تواند نشان از آن داشته باشد که شاید او از پاستور قصد بهشت کرده باشد.
در این زمینه، با سیدمحمود میرلوحی معاون پارلمانی وزیر کشور دولت اصلاحت گفت گویی انجام داده ایم. او در این گفت وگو تأکید کرد: «من بعید می دانم که لیست مورد حمایت احمدی نژاد در انتخابات شورای شهر، رأی بیاورد. در صورتی که اصلاح طلبان اکثریت شورا را در اختیار نداشته باشند و اصول گرایانی در شورای شهر حضور داشته باشند بعید است که اصول گرایی به او رأی بدهد تا شهردار تهران شود.»
او در بخش دیگری از این گفت وگو، با اشاره به کارنامه دولت های نهم و دهم تصریح کرد: «مردم ما واقعیت های اقداماتی پوپولیستی او را درک کردند. زمانی مردم حاشیه نشین و با وضعیت مالی نه چندان مطلوب می گفتند که برنامه های دولت های آقایان هاشمی و خاتمی بلندمدت بوده و نمی تواند مشکلات ما را حل کند. بسیاری از مردم روستایی، گرفتاری داشته و با بحران اشتغال رو به رو بودند. این مردم به دلیل یارانه و شعارهای پوپولیستی او، به او اعتماد کرده و به او رأی دادند. با این حال، در این دولت، این گروه از مردم، بیشترین مشکل را متحمل شدند و طبقه متوسط به طبقه فقیر تبدیل شد. فارغ از منابع ارزی تلف شده در دولت قبل، مشاهده کردید که آمار بالای آسیب های اجتماعی همچون طلاق، اعتیاد و بیکاری بیشتر متوجه این قشر اجتماعی شد. در این میان، حاشیه نشین ها آسیب زیادی را متحمل شدند. بعید به نظر
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1 | 2 | 2 |
trace_irqoff/trace_latency
8.4 清除栈信息
当然如果需要清除 /proc/trace_irqoff 记录的栈信息。可以执行如下命令(不会修改阈值为 0)：
echo 0 > /proc/trace_irqoff/trace_latency
8.5 查看中断关闭次数的统计信息
如果我们需要知道中断被关闭一定的时间的次数，可以通过如下命令获取统计信息：
root@n18-061-206:/proc/trace_irqoff# cat distribute
hardirq-off:
msecs : count distribution
20 -> 39 : 1 |********** |
40 -> 79 : 0 | |
80 -> 159 : 4 |****************************************|
160 -> 319 : 2 |******************** |
320 -> 639 : 1 |********** |
softirq-off:
msecs : count distribution
20 -> 39 : 0 | |
40 -> 79 : 0 | |
80 -> 159 : 0 | |
160 -> 319 : 1 |****************************************|
在这个例子中，我们看到 hardirq 被关闭时间 x ∈ [80, 159] ms，次数 4 次。softirq 被关闭时间 x ∈ [160, 319] ms，次数 1 次 如果没有任何信息输出，这说明没有任何地方关闭中断时间超过 20ms。8.6 修改采样周期
从上面一节我们可以看到，中断关闭时间分布图最小粒度是 20ms。这是因为采样周期是 10ms。根据采样定理，大于等于 2 倍采样周期时间才能反映真实情况。如果需要提高统计粒度，可修改采样周期时间。例如修改采样周期为 1ms，可执行如下命令(必须在 tracer 关闭的情况下操作有效)：
# 单位 ms，可设置最小的采样周期是 1ms。
echo 1 > /proc/trace_irqoff/sampling_period
9. 案例分析 9.1 hardirq 关闭
我们使用如下示意测试程序，关闭中断 100ms。查看 trace_irqoff 文件内容。
static void disable_hardirq(unsigned long latency)
{
local_irq_disable;
mdelay(latency);
local_irq_enanle;
}
通过模块测试以上代码，然后查看栈信息。
root@n18-061-206:/proc/trace_irqoff# cat trace_latency
trace_irqoff_latency: 50ms
hardirq:
cpu: 17
COMMAND: bash PID: 22840 LATENCY: 107ms
trace_irqoff_hrtimer_handler+0x39/0x99 [trace_irqoff]
__hrtimer_run_queues+0xfa/0x270
hrtimer_interrupt+0x101/0x240
smp_apic_timer_interrupt+0x5e/0x120
apic_timer_interrupt+0xf/0x20
disable_hardirq+0x5b/0x70
proc_reg_write+0x36/0x60
__vfs_write+0x33/0x190
vfs_write+0xb0/0x190
ksys_write+0x52/0xc0
do_syscall_64+0x4f/0xe0
entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x44/0xa9
softirq:
我们可以看到 hardirq 一栏记录 cpu17 执行 bash 命令，关闭中断 107ms(误差 10ms 之内)。其栈信息对应 disable_hardirq 函数中。第 20 行 softirq 一栏没有信息，说明没有记录 softirq 被关闭的栈。
9.2 softirq 关闭
我们使用如下示意测试程序，关闭 softirq 100ms。查看 trace_irqoff 文件内容。
static void disable_softirq(unsigned long latency)
{
local_bh_disable;
mdelay(latency);
local_bh_enanle;
}
通过模块测试以上代码，然后查看栈信息。
root@n18-061-206:/proc/trace_irqoff# cat trace_latency
trace_irqoff_latency: 50ms
hardirq:
softirq:
cpu: 17
COMMAND: bash PID: 22840 LATENCY: 51+ms
trace_irqoff_hrtimer_handler+0x97/0x99 [trace_irqoff]
__hrtimer_run_queues+0xfa/0x270
hrtimer_interrupt+0x101/0x240
smp_apic_timer_interrupt+0x5e/0x120
apic_timer_interrupt+0xf/0x20
delay_tsc+0x3c/0x50
disable_softirq+0x4b/0x80
proc_reg_write+0x36/0x60
__vfs_write+0x33/0x190
vfs_write+0xb0/0x190
ksys_write+0x52/0xc0
do_syscall_64+0x4f/0xe0
entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x44/0xa9
COMMAND: bash PID: 22840 LATENCY: 106ms
trace_irqoff_timer_handler+0x3a/0x60 [trace_irqoff]
call_timer_fn+0x29/0x120
run_timer_softirq+0x16c/0x400
__do_softirq+0x108/0x2b8
do_softirq_own_stack+0x2a/0x40
do_softirq.part.21+0x56/0x60
__local_bh_enable_ip+0x60/0x70
disable_softirq+0x62/0x80
proc_reg_write+0x36/0x60
__vfs_write+0x33/0x190
vfs_write+0xb0/0x190
ksys_write+0x52/0xc0
do_syscall_64+0x4f/0xe0
entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x44/0xa9
针对 softirq 关闭情况，有 2 个栈与之对应。我们注意到第 9 行的函数名称和第 24 行的函数名称是不一样的。第 9 行的栈是硬件中断 handler 捕捉到软中断关闭，第 24 行是软中断 handler 捕捉到软中断被关闭。正常情况下，我们以 24 行开始的栈为分析目标即可。当 24 行的栈是无效的时候，可以看第 9 行的栈。这里注意：第 9 行的 lantency 提示信息 51+ms 是阈值信息。并非实际 latency(所以我在后面添加一个'+'字符，表示 latency 大于 51ms)。实际的 latency 是第 24 行显示的 106ms。下面就看下为什么 2 个栈是有必要的。
9.3 ksoftirqd 延迟
我们看一个曾经处理的一个实际问题：
root@n115-081-045:/proc/trace_irqoff# cat trace_latency
trace_irqoff_latency: 300ms
hardirq:
softirq:
cpu: 4
COMMAND: lxcfs PID: 4058797 LATENCY: 303+ms
trace_irqoff_record+0x12b/0x1b0 [trace_irqoff]
trace_irqoff_hrtimer_handler+0x97/0x99 [trace_irqoff]
__hrtimer_run_queues+0xdc/0x220
hrtimer_interrupt+0xa6/0x1f0
smp_apic_timer_interrupt+0x62/0x120
apic_timer_interrupt+0x7d/0x90
memcg_sum_events.isra.26+0x3f/0x60
memcg_stat_show+0x323/0x460
seq_read+0x11f/0x3f0
__vfs_read+0x33/0x160
vfs_read+0x91/0x130
SyS_read+0x52/0xc0
do_syscall_64+0x68/0x100
entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x3d/0xa2
COMMAND: ksoftirqd/4 PID: 34 LATENCY: 409ms
trace_irqoff_record+0x12b/0x1b0 [trace_irqoff]
trace_irqoff_timer_handler+0x3a/0x60 [trace_irqoff]
call_timer_fn+0x2e/0x130
run_timer_softirq+0x1d4/0x420
__do_softirq+0x108/0x2a9
run_ksoftirqd+0x1e/0x40
smpboot_thread_fn+0xfe/0x150
kthread+0xfc/0x130
ret_from_fork+0x1f/0x30
我们看到下面的进程 ksoftirqd/4 的栈，延迟时间是 409ms。ksoftirqd 进程是 kernel 中处理 softirq 的进程。因此这段栈对我们是没有意义的，因为元凶已经错过了。所以此时，我们可以借鉴上面的栈信息，我们看到当 softirq 被延迟 303ms 的时候，当前 CPU 正在执行的进程是 lxcfs。并且栈是 memory cgroup 相关。因此，我们基本可以判断 lxcfs 进程执行时间过长，由于 kernel 态不支持抢占，因此导致 ksoftirqd 进程没有机会得到运行。
10. 总结
根据字节内部实践来看，trace-irqoff 安装便捷且使用灵活度高，能将问题定位耗时缩短至分钟级别，使用收益可观，并且已经通过该工具定位很多问题，提高了工作效率。
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多处理器下的中断机制2021-09-21 21:53:07本文主要来说明 IOIOIO 外设触发的中断，总的来说一个中断的起末会经历设备，中断控制器，CPU 三个阶段：设备产生中断信号，中断控制器翻译信号，CPU 来实际处理信号。 本文用 xv6xv6xv6 的实例来讲解多处理器下的...
中断是硬件和软件交互的一种机制，可以说整个操作系统，整个架构都是由中断来驱动的。中断的机制分为两种，中断和异常，中断通常为 I O IO IO 设备触发的异步事件，而异常是 C P U CPU CPU 执行指令时发生的同步事件。本文主要来说明 I O IO IO 外设触发的中断，总的来说一个中断的起末会经历设备，中断控制器，CPU 三个阶段：设备产生中断信号，中断控制器翻译信号，CPU 来实际处理信号。
本文用 x v 6 xv6 xv6 的实例来讲解多处理器下的中断机制，从头至尾的来看一看，中断经历的三个过程。其中第一个阶段设备如何产生信号不讲，超过了操作系统的范围，也超过了我的能力范围。各种硬件外设有着自己的执行逻辑，有各种形式的中断触发机制，比如边沿触发，电平触发等等。总的来说就是向中断控制器发送一个中断信号，中断控制器再作翻译发送给 C P U CPU CPU， C P U CPU CPU 再执行中断服务程序对中断进行处理。
说到中断控制器，是个什么东西？中断控制器可以看作是中断的代理，外设是很多的，如果没有一个中断代理，外设想要给 C P U CPU CPU 发送中断信号来处理中断，那只能是外设连接在 C P U CPU CPU 的管脚上， C P U CPU CPU 的管脚是很宝贵的，不可能拿出那么多管脚去连接外设。所以就有了中断控制器这个中断代言人，所有的 I O IO IO 外设连接其上，发送中断请求时就向中断控制器发送信号，中断控制器再通知 CPU，如此便解决了上述问题。
中断控制器有很多，前文讲过
PIC，
PIC只用于单处理器，对于如今的多核多处理器时代，
PIC无能为力，所以出现了更高级的中断控制器
APIC，
APIC( A d v a n c e d P r o g r a m m a b l e I n t e r r u p t C o n t r o l l e r Advanced\ Programmable\ Interrupt\ Controller Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller) 高级可编程中断控制器，
APIC分成两部分
LAPIC和
IOAPIC，前者
LAPIC位于 C P U CPU CPU 内部，每个 C P U CPU CPU 都有一个
LAPIC，后者
IOAPIC与外设相连。外设发出的中断信号经过
IOAPIC处理之后发送给
LAPIC，再由
LAPIC决定是否交由 C P U CPU CPU 进行实际的中断处理。
可以看出每个 C P U CPU CPU 上有一个
LAPIC，
IOAPIC是系统芯片组一部分，各个中断消息通过总线发送接收。关于
APIC的内容很多也很复杂，详细描述的可以参考 i n t e l intel intel 开发手册卷三，本文不探讨其中的细节，只在上层较为抽象的层面讲述，理清
APIC模式下中断的过程。
计算机启动的时候要先对
APIC进行初始化，后续才能正确使用，下面来看看
APIC在一种较为简单的工作模式下的初始化过程：
初始化
IOAPIC就是设置
IOAPIC的寄存器，
IOAPIC寄存器一览：
所以有了以下定义：
#define REG_ID 0x00 // Register index: ID #define REG_VER 0x01 // Register index: version #define REG_TABLE 0x10 // Redirection table base 重定向表
但是这些寄存器是不能直接访问的，需要通过另外两个映射到内存的寄存器来读写上述的寄存器。
这两个寄存器是内存映射的，
IOREGSEL，地址为 0 x F E C 0 0000 0xFEC0\ 0000 0xFEC0 0000；
IOWIN，地址为 0 x F E C 0 0010 h 0xFEC0\ 0010h 0xFEC0 0010h。
IOREGSEL用来指定要读写的寄存器，然后从
IOWIN中读写。也就是常说的
index/data访问方式，或者说 a d r e s s / d a t a adress/data adress/data，用
index端口指定寄存器，从
data端口读写寄存器，
data端口就像是所有寄存器的窗口。
而所谓
内存映射，就是把这些寄存器看作内存的一部分，读写内存，就是读写寄存器，可以用访问内存的指令比如
mov来访问寄存器。还有一种是
IO端口映射，这种映射方式是将外设的
IO端口(外设的一些寄存器)看成一个独立的地址空间，访问这片空间不能用访问内存的指令，而需要专门的
in/out指令来访问。
通过
IOREGSEL和
IOWIN既可以访问到
IOAPIC所有的寄存器，所以结构体 i o a p i c ioapic ioapic 如下定义：
struct ioapic { uint reg; //IOREGSEL uint pad[3]; //填充12字节 uint data; //IOWIN };
填充 12 12 12 字节是因为
IOREGSEL在 0 x F E C 0 0000 0xFEC0\ 0000 0xFEC0 0000，长度为 4 字节，
IOWIN在 0 x F E C 0 0010 0xFEC0\ 0010 0xFEC0 0010，两者中间差了 $1$2 字节，所以填充 12 12 12 字节补上空位方便操作。
通过
IOREGSEL 选定寄存器，然后从
IOWIN中读写相应寄存器，因此也能明白下面两个读写函数：
static uint ioapicread(int reg) { ioapic->reg = reg; //选定寄存器reg return ioapic->data; //从窗口寄存器中读出寄存器reg数据 } static void ioapicwrite(int reg, uint data) { ioapic->reg = reg; //选定寄存器reg ioapic->data =
|
1 | 2 | 3 |
事的人是失落的人，他厌倦，永远在寻找他所缺少的行动。
这是米兰·昆...
(展开全部)
这是米兰·昆德拉移民法国后，用法文所写的第一部小说。相较于《生命之中不能承受之轻》和《不朽》所探讨的沉重话题，《慢》的主题看上去令人惊奇：显然是昆德拉所有作品当中，主题最为轻松的小说。作者自己曾说：“作品没有任何一个严肃的词。”作者通过旅途中的驾驶事件，论及了速度、时间以及记忆、历史、遗忘等主題；以城堡为场景，穿插了美丽的爱情故事，并交织着当代与18世纪两个时空……
米兰·昆德拉，捷克小说家，生于捷克布尔诺市。父亲为钢琴家、音乐艺术学院的教授。生长于一个小国在他看来实在是一种优势，因为身处小国，“要么做一个可怜的、眼光狭窄的人”，要么成为一个广闻博识的“世界性的人”。童年时代，他便学过作曲，受过良好的音乐熏陶和教育。少年时代，开始广泛阅读世界文艺名著。青年时代，写过诗和剧本，画过画，搞过音乐并从事过电影教学。总之，用他自己的话说， “我曾在艺术领域里四处摸索，试图找到我的方向。”50年代初，他作为诗人登上文坛，出版过《人，一座广阔的花园》（1953）、《独白》（1957）以及《最后一个五月》等诗集。但诗歌创作显然不是他的长远追求。最后，当他在30岁左右写出第一个短篇小说后，他确信找到了自己的方向，从此走上了小说创作之路。
1967年，他的第一部长篇小说《玩笑》在捷克出版，获得巨大成功，连出三版，印数惊人，每次...
1967年，他的第一部长篇小说《玩笑》在捷克出版，获得巨大成功，连出三版，印数惊人，每次都在几天内售馨。作者在捷克当代文坛上的重要地位从此确定。但好景不长。1968年，苏联入侵捷克后，《玩笑》被列为禁书。昆德拉失去了在电影学院的职务。他的文学创作难以进行。在此情形下，他携妻子于1975年离开捷克，来到法国。
移居法国后，他很快便成为法国读者最喜爱的外国作家之一。他的绝大多数作品，如《笑忘录》（1978）、《不能承受的存在之轻》（1984）、《不朽》（1990）等等都是首先在法国走红，然后才引起世界文坛的瞩目。他曾多次获得国际文学奖，并多次被提名为诺贝尔文学奖的候选人。
除小说外，昆德拉还出版过三本论述小说艺术的文集，其中《小说的艺术》（1936）以及《被叛卖的遗嘱》（1993）在世界各地流传甚广。
昆德拉善于以反讽手法，用幽默的语调描绘人类境况。他的作品表面轻松，实质沉重；表面随意，实质精致；表面通俗，实质深邃而又机智，充满了人生智慧。正因如此，在世界许多国家，一次又一次地掀起了“昆德拉热”。
昆德拉原先一直用捷克语进行创作。但近年来，他开始尝试用法语写作，已出版了《缓慢》（1995）和《身份》（1997）两部小说。
读第二遍，好看
好笑
:
I514.45/6725-8
我真的不知道他的小说好在哪里，但是每卷书都能让我长久的陷入悲哀
精妙。“在慢与记忆，快与遗忘之间，有一条秘密联系。”“我还要瞧一瞧我的骑士，他慢慢走向马车。我要玩味他走路的节奏；他愈往前步子愈慢。这种慢，我相信是一种幸福的标志。”
没看懂。但伊玛居拉塔和情人那个部分写的太妙了。
“因为未来是害怕的根源，谁不顾未来，谁就天不怕地不怕”因为米兰昆德拉在高中的优秀作文里出现太多次导致我有种本能的抗拒 结果有点出乎意料的喜欢 以后可以考虑啃那几本大部头了
越快越像荒诞的舞台剧，毫无艺术性和私密性，每个人都是舞蹈家，生活在舞台上，说的话是给在场不在场的人听的，做的是给周围人看的。比较好玩的一点是，在其中看到了自己。感情这种事啊，这么多年来在不同人身上轮番上演，哪有什么新鲜之处，跳出来才意识到自己也是苍茫人海中别无二致的啊。
慢和快的对比，正经和不正经的对比，舞蹈和舞蹈家的对比，隐私和公开的对比，现在这样的时代，再读米兰昆德拉的这本小书，还是让我们产生一些沉思的！一本正经的表演，还是伊壁鸠鲁的节制平凡的乐趣…
喜欢，也希望自己真实一些，更接纳自己，更接近真实的自己
> 更多短评 1505 条
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更多书评102篇
失足少年李二狗
(文不能测字，武不能防身)
2012-05-01 12:33
9人喜欢
被选中的想法，比如说，在一切爱情关系中都是存在的。因为爱情从定义上来说，是一件无功受禄的礼物；无名分而得到爱，这才说明是一种真正的爱。假如一个女人对我说：我爱你，因为你聪明，因为你诚实，因为你给我买礼物，因为你不勾引女人，因为你洗碗，我会很失望；这种爱好像有什么功利目的。我爱得你发疯，虽然你不聪明，不诚实，虽然你撒谎，自私，混蛋一个，要是说这样的话就动听多了。
Ying
2012-03-14 00:07
6人喜欢
嗜书瘾君子他爸
(青春太美好了，怎么度过都是虚度)
2012-04-07 11:35
4人喜欢
当我说起T夫人的夜晚时，我提起了存在主义数学教科书前几章中的一个著名方程式：快的程度与遗忘的强度直接成正比。从这个方程式可以演绎出各种各样的推理，比如说这个结果：我们的时代迷上了速度魔鬼，由于这个原因，这个时代也就很容易被忘怀。我宁可把这个论断颠倒过来说：我们的时代被以往的欲望纠缠着；为了满足这个欲望，它迷上了速度魔鬼；它加快步伐，因为要我们明白它不再希望让大家回忆；它对自己也厌烦了；它要一口吹灭记忆微弱的火苗。
少轂
(不獵不漁，不採蘑菇。)
2012-08-20 20:06
4人喜欢
速度是出神的形式，这是技术革命送给人的礼物。跑步的人跟摩托车手相反，身上总有自己存在，他感到自己的体重、年纪，就比任何时候都意识到自身和岁月。当人把速度性能托付给一台机器时，一切都变了：从这时候起，身体已置之度外，交给了一种无形的、非物质化的速度，纯粹的速度，实实在在的速度，令人出神的速度。
无念
2011-09-21 10:02
爆仔
2011-10-16 13:03
3人喜欢
Z.。
(要我快乐)
2012-03-16 11:54
1 他辱駡她是因為他是弱者 他只能用粗魯和說些唑唑逼人的話來代替力量
2 正經迫使我裝得對自己好像很有信心 這就必然使我陷入可笑的境地
3 在我們的世界里 悠閒蛻化成無所事事
4 因為未來是害怕的根源 誰不顧未來 誰就天不怕地不怕
5 什麽是全世界？一個沒有面目的無限 ！ 一種抽象
6 交談不是填滿時間 相反是組織時間 操縱時間 制定必須尊重的規則
7 被選中的想法 比如說 在一切愛情關係中都是存在的 因為愛情從定義上來說 是一件無功受祿的禮物 無名份而得到愛 這才說明是一種真正的愛
8 刺不是那麼容易剔除的 痛苦可以控制 可以壓抑 裝得若無其事 但是這種掩飾是一種力量
2012-04-07 10:04
1人喜欢
怎么说呢？可能是这样：伏在摩托车龙头上的人，心思只能集中在当前飞驰的那一秒钟；他抓住的是跟过去与未来都断开的瞬间，脱离时间的连续性；他置身于时间之外；换句话说，他处在出神状态；人进入这种状态就忘了年纪，忘了老婆，忘了孩子，忘了忧愁，因此什么都不害怕；因为未来是害怕的根源，谁不顾未来，谁就天不怕地不怕。
速度是出神的形式，这是技术革命送给人的礼物。跑步的人跟摩托车手相反，身上总有自己存在，总是不得不想到脚下水泡和喘气；当他跑步时，他感到自己的体重、年纪，就比任何时候都意识到自身与岁月。当人把速度性能托付给一台机器时，一切都变了：从这时候起，身体已置之度外，交给了一种无形的、非物质化的速度，纯粹的速度，实实在在的速度，令人出神的速度。
乐儿AnaAxi
2017-05-08 09:35
明日不再来。
听众不再有。
朋友，我请你做个幸福的人。我有个隐约的印象，我们唯一的希望取决于你有否能力做个幸福的人。
2017-05-08 09:33
从这个方程式可以演绎出各种各样的推理，比如说这个结果：我们的时代迷上了速度魔鬼，由于这个原因，这个时代也就很容易被忘怀。
2017-05-06 18:10
捷克学者懵了：他的同行才两分钟前向他表示的敬意都到哪儿去了？他们笑！他们居然会笑，这怎么可能呢？人怎么会那么容易从敬重转到轻视呢？（是的，亲爱的，是这样。）同情难道那么脆弱，那么不可靠吗？（当然，亲爱的，当然这样。）
这段太搞笑了太搞笑了！也很有理。
2017-05-04 22:51
“光荣把他的自由都吞噬了，现在他知道：麻木不仁的人才会心甘情愿让名气压得抬不起头。”
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feed: rss 2.0小技巧：夹睫毛的时候可先用吹风机把睫毛夹加热后再夹睫毛会更翘更持久，还有一种方法是把木制棉棒用打火机来烤一下木棒部分，在睫毛下向上撑起停留一会，就会有类似于电睫毛的效果。
2.特指艺术化妆。指在戏剧、电影等表演艺术或娱乐场合中，塑造剧中人物外部形象的手段，如涂油彩、施脂粉、勾脸谱、变换服装、戴假面具等等。 田汉 《名优之死》第一幕：“ 刘振声就坐，吸烟后，徐徐洗面化妆。” 徐迟 《牡丹》：“这化妆的过程，本是她创造角色的准备过程，剧中人开始从这化妆中出现。”如：化妆舞会。参见“ 化装 ”。
元代之后，宫廷女子的画眉之黛，全部选用京西门头沟区斋堂特产的眉石，至明清也如此。
毕竟化妆也不是什么很难的学问，自学英语，自学平面设计都比自学化妆难得多。For millennia, men and women have studied birds, bats, and beetles, observing and experimenting, attempting to determine what humans must do to fly by flapping.
But people can’t fly by flapping: not with wings covering their arms; not with pedaled, chain-driven wings; and, so far, not with internal-combustion engines, either. Nonetheless, the concept of manned ornithopters continues to hover on the periphery of aeronautical engineering. This project shows you how to build a small, rubber band-powered ornithopter we call Orly.
There are many types of ornithopter designs. Orly is a simple monoplane, meaning there is a single wing mounted above the motor-stick, and its motion is similar to a bird in flight.
How do ornithopters fly? According to Nathan Chronister of the online Ornithopter Zone, “The ornithopter wing is attached to the body at a slight angle, which is called the angle of attack. The downward stroke of the wing deflects air down- ward and backward, generating lift and thrust.
“Also, the wing surface is flexible. This causes the wing to flex to the correct angle of attack we need in order to produce the forces that we want to achieve flight.”
The mechanics of flapping flight are far more complicated than that of fixed-wing flight. For an aircraft with fixed wings, only forward motion is necessary to induce aerodynamic lift. But for flapping flight, the wing not only has to have a forward motion, but also must travel up and down. This additional dimension means the wing constantly changes shape during flight.
Without doubt, even the earliest humans watched birds fly past and felt, well, rather envious. Thus when Thag, a Pleistocene caveman, looked up and saw flocks of ducks and geese soaring above, he might have gathered together a few palm fronds, lashed them around his arms with a vine, and leapt off a tree. Poor Thag never got airborne, or at least he didn’t live to record the episode in petroglyphs on his cave wall.
Later, from ancient Greece, comes the legend of Daedalus and Icarus. Daedalus was a skilled engineer who angered King Minos. Minos ordered him imprisoned in a tower.
According to Bulfinch’s Mythology, “Daedalus contrived to make his escape from his prison, but could not leave the island by sea, as the king kept strict watch on all the vessels.
“So he set to work to fabricate wings for himself and his young son Icarus. He wrought feathers together, beginning with the smallest and adding larger, so as to form an increasing surface. The larger ones he secured with thread and the smaller with wax, and gave the whole a gentle curvature like the wings of a bird.”
Unfortunately for Daedalus, the attempt at flight didn’t entirely work. His son, Icarus, flew too near the sun, melting the wax that held the wings together. Icarus fell out of the sky and drowned in the ocean.
To a large extent, that’s been the typical outcome of human flapping flight experiments, right up to modern times.
The New York Times has run many stories over the years:
Around 1490, Leonardo da Vinci was carefully studying the mechanics of avian flight. From his bird-watching came perhaps the first blueprint for a human-carrying ornithopter. More of a theoretician than a true maker, Leonardo never got his flying machine off the paper in his notebooks. Had it been built, it likely would not have flown. Still, experts say his design is clever, and embodies modern aerodynamic principles developed hundreds of years later.
Interest in flapping flight took off again in the 1870s. Building model ornithopters became fashionable in Europe, and a number of enthusiasts — among them Alphonse Penaud, Hureau de Villeneuve, and Gustave Trouvé — built internally powered birds that soared over the fields of France and Flanders. Soon, ornithopters powered by rubber bands, gasoline, electricity, and even gunpowder were flapping away, but as scale models, not people-carrying aircraft.
Since then, many people have tried to build a manned ornithopter, but none have yet succeeded. There are unconfirmed reports that the Germans made one during World War II and that the Soviets flew one during the Cold War, but solid evidence is lacking. Today the University of Toronto is making a game attempt.
Why bother with ornithopters at all? Because flappers can do things other aircraft cannot. They probably have the best maneuverability of any aircraft. Unlike fixed-wing drones, ornithopters, at least in theory, can stop and hover like a humming- bird, which makes them extremely versatile, and they need less space to maneuver than a helicopter. Couple all that with their ability to fly at very slow speeds, and ornithopters may be the perfect surveillance vehicles. The military applications for unmanned ornithopters are numerous.
Ornithopters have practical applications in civilian life, as well. For instance, the Colorado Division of Wildlife uses an ornithopter to research a hard-to-capture endangered species called the Gunnison sage grouse. This skittish bird flies away at the first sign of danger but will stay on the ground if it sees a hawk flying above. So state biologists use a motorized, radio-controlled ornithopter painted like a hawk to keep the flighty grouse on the ground long enough for them to capture it.Santa Monica Mountains recover from disaster.
By Keldine Hull
With over 150,000 acres of hiking trails, beaches and canyons, the sprawling terrain of the Santa Monica Mountains has always been an integral part of California’s diverse landscape. Last year’s devastating Woolsey fire scorched nearly half of the total land in the Santa Monica Mountains, threatening the natural habitat for over 500 species, including the notable mountain lions.
“We were tracking 13 mountain lions when the fire broke out. Of those, we believe that one, P-74, perished in the fire. Another male, P-64, died a few weeks after the fire. We are awaiting an official cause of death from a necropsy being performed by the California Department of Fish and Wildlife, but he did have burned paws,” said a spokesperson for
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which will only be viable on a large scale if technology improves.
Too little attention has been paid to Australia's vast shale reserves, which are potentially far bigger than coal-seam gas. Apart from the volume of water needed to access it, shale poses fewer environmental problems than coal-seam gas. The geological formations are more stable and located in more remote areas. Given the reluctance of our politicians to pursue nuclear power, shale has the potential to be an important energy source for decades.The 31st Olympic summer games are underway in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and thousands of athletes and spectators from around the world have gathered for the event which will serve as prime time entertainment for the next couple of weeks. Every four years an insane amount of money is dumped into the spectacle as host cities and the Olympic committee construct arenas, stadiums and press quarters, leaving megalithic ruins in their wake.
Most of the news coverage about the events in Rio are centered around the pomp and splendor of athleticism, hoping to portray the affair as an opportunity for the world to feel united in sport, yet the truth is always hidden from the highlights and coverage: the world is suffering from terrible inequality and the fallout of economic tyranny, and the divide between the haves and have-nots is now greater than it has ever been.
Rio de Janeiro is an increasingly troubled city, known for its sprawling favelas, where the poor live in zinc-roofed shacks, rivaled only by the slums of India. Yet some $4.6 billion has spent already in creating the facilities for the 2016 summer olympics, which will be used for just two weeks, then forgotten, and when all other expenses are factored in, some $12 billion dollars will be spent on the show. Meanwhile, the average monthly salary in Brazil is around $778, which explains why so much of Rio is so desperately poverty-stricken.
Historically, the Olympics do very little to support or boost local economies, and the sad fact that local taxpayers will be footing a huge percentage of the bill means that the events are actually an enormous burden on cities like Rio.
“If the economics of huge sporting events is the same in Brazil is it is everywhere else it has been studied, then the Olympics will do nothing for the economy of Brazil, and nothing for the taxpayers there who were forced to pony up the cash to pay for it all.” [Source]
The world is fracturing at the seams at present, and in this recent photo from Rio, the stark contrast between manufactured reality and truth is clearly visible. Thousands of people are starving just outside of view of the cameras, poor people are being violently hustled out of sight by riot police, and crimes of desperation of rocking the city, yet, in the Olympic arena, paid security is doing its part to shelter event-goers from the harsh reality of life in one of the world’s most troubled cities.
This photo truly is like a scene from the popular movie Hunger Games, where an insanely wealthy and oppressive world elite live in stupendous luxury amongst a world packed with second class citizens who are deliberately kept poor by the vampiric economic policies of the rich and powerful.
Mainstream media coverage of the events does a fabulous job of hiding reality from those of us who watch in the comfort of air-conditioned homes, restaurants and bars around the first world, but the truth is out there for those who have eyes to see. Yet, as the world faces ever-increasing troubles initiated by a global banking elite, it is becoming more and more difficult to conceal the cracks developing in society. Events like the Olympics are a wake up call to all middle class people of compassion and concern.
H/t reader squodgy:
“The Hunger Games is a reality at the Olympics.”
* * *Bakırköy 16. Ağır Ceza Mahkemesi'nde görülen duruşmaya, tutuklu sanık Gözde Aytar getirildi. Öldürülen Gülcemal Coşar'ın ailesi ve taraf avukatları katıldı.
400 ÇOCUĞA ÖĞRETMENLİK YAPTIM
Duruşmada son kez savunma yapan tutuklu sanık Gözde Aytar, "Ben 35 yaşındayım. Ben anaokulunda çalışıyordum, 400 çocuğa öğretmenlik yaptım. Bu eylemi ben yapmadım, suçsuzum. Doğru bir tanedir. Yalancılarla da adalet önünde hesaplaşacağız" diye konuştu.
KARAR ÇIKTI
Mahkeme heyeti sanığı 'eziyet çektirerek ve bir suçu gizlemek, delillerini ortadan kaldırmak veya işlenmesini kolaylaştırmak ya da yakalanmamak amacıyla kasten öldürme' suçundan ağırlaştırılmış müebbet hapis cezasına karar verdi. Mahkeme, takdiri indirim uyguladığı cezayı müebbet hapse çevirdi. Sanığa ayrıca nitelikli yağma suçundan da 8 yıl 4 ay hapis cezasına çarptırdı.
Kararın açıklanmasının ardından duruşma salonunda Gülcemal Coşar'ın oğlu İbrahim Coşar sanığa "Ömrün uzun olsun. Vicdan azabıyla bir ömür yaşa. Annem artık rahat uyuyacak" diye bağırdı.آغاز این برنامه در ساعت:
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درگیری حزبی در مجلس سنای آمریکا از همان آغاز روز کاری سه شنبه بین اقلیت دموکرات و اکثریت جمهوریخواه حول موضوع نامزد پیشنهادی رئیس جمهوری برای تصدی کرسی خالی شده در دیوان عالی کشور شروع شده است.Bir davete katılmadan ya da bir düğüne gitmeden önce mutlaka kuaför salonunu ziyaret eden çoğu kadın, genellikle kusursuz bir şekilde toplanmış saçlar ya da bir topuz ister. Gelinlerin ise en hassas olduğu konu ise saçlarının gece boyu kalıcılığını ve kusursuz görünümünü sürdürebilmesidir. Uzun süre kalıcılığını koruyan topuz ve toplu saçların sırrı da iyi bir baz oluşturmaktır. Bu saçlar için müşteri salona gelip koltuğunuza oturmadan önce internette görüntülü bir danışmanlık yapmanızda fayda var. Bu, hem onun ne istediğini netleştirmenize -dolayısıyla da müşterinizi memnun etmeyen sonuçları baştan engellemenize- hem de zamandan kazanmanıza imkan verir.
Kusursuz Toplu Saçlar ve Topuz İçin Hazırlık
- İşe diplerde ve ortalarda Kerastase Densify Volumizer kullanarak başlayın. Kuru saça bir seferde iki veya üç bölüm halinde uygulayın ve saçı parmaklarınızla veya fırçayla sürekli hareket ettirierek fönleyin. Ürünü fönden önce bir çırpıda tüm başa uygulamak güçtür, çünkü föne başlamadan kurumaya ve sertleşmeye başlar. En iyisi bölümler halinde uygulamaktır.
- Saçın yüksekliğini vermek için bir fırça yardımıyla ya da parmaklarınızla dipteki saçları kaldırın veya ürünü fönle kuruturken saçın gideceği yöne doğru yönlendirin.
- Topuz ve toplu saçın olmazsa olmazı tutuştur. Ekstra tutuş ve kontrol sağlamak için bir doku spreyi kullanın. Bu adımların tümü saç tellerini kurutarak hacim ve tutuş sağlar. Daha kuru saç telleri de saçı daha iyi tutar.
- Saça çok fazla ürün uygulanmış ve tarakla çalışmak zorlaşmışsa ürünü çözmek, aşırı gözenekli veya kuru uçları yumuşatmak için bir parlaklık spreyi kullanarak saçı yumuşatın. Bitişte kullanıldığında, tüm görünüm oluşturulduktan sonra saça güzel bir parlaklık verir.
- Çok fazla parlatıcı sprey kullandığınız için saç yağlı görünüyorsa, yağı emmesi için bir kuru şampuan spreyi kullanabilirsiniz.
- Saçı tamamen hazırladıktan sonra daha fazla yükseklik, hareket ve doku sağlamak için maşa kullanabilirsiniz.
- Çalışırken saçtaki uçuşmaları en aza indirgemek için saçı parmaklarınızla tarayarak sürekli olarak düzleştirin.
- Son inatçı uçuşmaları yumuşatmak için az miktarda sprey wax kullanabilirsiniz. Ürünü saça doğrudan püskürtmeyin. Başın üstünü spreyleyip ürünü parmaklarınızı tüm saçta gezdirerek yedirin. Bu, saçtaki uçuşmaları hafifletirken ciddi bir ek tutuş da sağlayacaktır.Connecticut Question 4 was a legislatively-referred constitutional amendment in Connecticut which was approved on the ballot on November 1970.
- The amendment was meant to amend Section 2 of the third article of the constitution to require the General Assembly to meet each year.
| Connecticut Question 4 (1970)|
| Yes|| 455,483|| 76.45%|
Official results via: Connecticut Secretary of State, "Statement of Vote," accessed August 4, 2013
Text of measure
||Section 2 of article third of the constitution is amended to read as follows: There shall be a regular session of the general assembly on the Wednesday following the first Monday of January in the odd-numbered years and on the Wednesday following the first Monday of February in the even-numbered years, and at such other times as the general assembly shall judge necessary; but the person administering the office of governor may, on special emergencies, convene the general assembly at any other time. All regular and special sessions of the general assembly shall be held at Hartford, but the person administering the office of governor may, in case of special emergency, convene the assembly at any other place in the state. The general assembly shall adjourn each regular session in the odd-numbered years not later than the first Wednesday after the first Monday in June and in the even-numbered years not later than the first Wednesday after the first Monday in May and shall adjourn each special session upon completion of its business. If any bill passed by any regular or special session or any appropriation item described in Section 16 of Article Fourth has been disapproved by the governor prior to its adjournment, and has not been reconsidered by the assembly, or is so disapproved after such adjournment, the secretary of the state shall reconvene the general assembly on the second Monday after the last day on which the governor is authorized to transmit or has transmitted every bill to the secretary with his objections pursuant to Section 15 of Article Fourth of this constitution, whichever occurs first; provided if such Monday falls on a legal holiday the general assembly shall be reconvened on the next following day. The reconvened session shall be for the sole purpose of reconsidering and, if the assembly so desires, repassing such bills. The general assembly shall adjourn sine die not later than three days following its reconvening. In the even year session the general assembly shall consider no business other than budgetary, revenue and financial matters, bills and resolutions raised by committees of the general assembly and those matters certified in writing by the speaker of the house of representatives and president pro tempore of the senate to be of an emergency nature.İtalya’da 3 defa Başbakanlık görevi yapan Silvio Berlusconi, yaşadığı kalp problemleri nedeniyle Monaco’da hastaneye kaldırıldı.
İtalya'nın eski Başbakanı Silvio Berlusconi, yaşadığı kalp problemleri nedeniyle Monaco'da hastaneye kaldırıldı.
Berlusconi'nin Monaco'nun Monte Carlo şehrinde hastaneye kaldırıldığı bildirildi.
Profesör Doktor Alberto Zangrillo yaptığı açıklamada, pazartesi günü Berlusconi'yi gördüğünü ve İtalya'ya götürülmesinin mantıklı olmadığını düşündüğünü belirterek Berlusconi'nin yakındaki bir hastaneye kaldırılması gerektiği yönünde tavsiye verdiğini aktardı.
KORONAYA YAKALANMIŞTI
Öte yandan geçtiğimiz sene 2 Eylül'de yeni tip korona virüs (Covid-19) testi pozitif sonuç veren Berlusconi, Milano'da tedavi gördüğü San Raffaele Hastanesi'nden 14 Eylül'de taburcu edilmişti.حکومت چهارنفره
حکومت چهارنفره (یونانی: τετραρχία) هر گونهای از حکومت را توصیف میکند که در آن قدرت میان چهار نفر تقسیم شده باشد؛ ولی کاربرد فعلی آن معمولاً دربارهٔ نظامی است که دیوکلسین امپراتور روم در سال ۲۹۳ به اجرا گذاشت و افزون بر خاتمه دادن به بحران قرن سوم، امپراتوری روم را احیا کرد. این حکومت چهارنفره تا سال ۳۱۳ باقی ماند تا این که جنگهای داخلی بیشتر مدعیان قدرت را حذف کرد و نیمهٔ غربی و شرقی امپراتوری به دست کنستانتین یکم و لیسینیوس افتاد.
محتویات
ایجاد[ویرایش]
در مرحلهٔ نخست، با انتصاب ماکسیمیان به امپراتوری مشترک در سال ۲۸۵، حکومت دونفره تشکیل شد. امور نواحی شرقی در دست دیوکلسین و امور مناطق غربی در اختیار ماکسیمیان بود. در سال ۲۹۳ دیوکلسین چنین اندیشید که تمرکز بیشتری بر مشکلات مدنی و نظامی نیاز است؛ بنابراین با موافقت ماکسیمیان، دو نفر دیگر یعنی گالریوس و کنستانتیوس کلوروس را نیز به عنوان سزار منصوب کرد.[۱][۲]
در سال ۳۰۵ دو امپراتور ارشد به اتفاق استعفا کردند و کنستانتیوس و گالریوس به مقام آگوست ارتقاء یافتند. آنها نیز فلاویوس سوروس و ماکسیمینوس را در مقام سزار گماشتند. سوروس در غرب زیر نظر کنستانتیوس و ماکسیمینوس در شرق زیر نیز گالریوس بودند. به این ترتیب، حکومت چهارنفرهٔ دوم ایجاد شد.[۳]
مناطق و پایتختها[ویرایش]
چهار امپراتور پایگاههای خود را به جای رم در شهرهایی نزدیکتر به مرزها قرار دادند تا مقرهایی برای دفاع از امپراتوری در برابر رقیبان مرزی (به ویژه ساسانیان) و بربرها (در اصل ژرمنها و نیز روند بیپایان ورود قبایل از استپهای شرقی) در راین و دانوب باشد. این مراکز به عنوان پایتخت حکمت چهارنفره شناخته میشوند. رم دیگر پایتخت اجرایی نبود، ولی همچنان نقش پایتخت نمادین را داشت.
چهار پایتخت شامل شهرهای زیر بودند:
- نیکومدیا در شمال غربی آسیای صغیر (ازمیت کنونی در ترکیه) پایگاهی برای دفاع برابر حملات از سوی بالکان و ساسانیان و پایتخت دیوکلسین بود.
- سیرمیوم (سرمسکا میتروویسای کنونی در ناحیهٔ وویوودینا در صربستان) پایتخت گالریوس بود.
- مدیولانوم (میلان کنونی) پایتخت ماکسیمیان بود.
- آگوستا تروروروم (ترییر کنونی در آلمان) پایتخت کنستانتیوس کلوروس بود و در نزدیکی مرز استراتژیک راین قرار داشت. این شهر پیشتر پایتخت تتریکوس (امپراتور گل) بود.
در این دوران دولت روم واقعاً به چهار زیر-امپراتوری مجزا تقسیم نشده بود. هر امپراتوری محدودهٔ تأثیر خود را در حکومت داشت و در صحنهٔ جنگ، فرمانده عالی بود. خود در میدان حضور مییافت و بیشتر اختیارات را به سلسله مراتب اداری میسپرد.
در غرب، ماکسیمیان استانهای غرب دریای آدریاتیک را تحت سلطه داشت و گل و بریتانیا در دست کنستانتیوس بود. در شرق، انعطاف بیشتری میان شرح وظایف دیوکلسین و گالریوس وجود داشت.
موفقیتهای نظامی[ویرایش]
یکی از بزرگترین مشکلات پیش روی امپراتوران در بحران قرن سوم، این بود که در زمان واحد میتوانستند نیروها را تنها در یک جبهه فرماندهی کنند. همچنین سپردن قدرت به جانشین در نبود امپراتور همراه با احتمال خطر بود. زیرا ممکن بود جانشین با پیروزی در یک نبرد به رقیبی برای امپراتور تبدیل شود. از سوی دیگر، هر چهار امپراتور حکومت چهارنفره دارای درجهٔ یکسان بودند و اختیارات یکسانی داشتند.
چند پیروزی نظامی مهم در دوران حکومت چهارنفره به دست آمد. در هر دو نظام دونفره و چهارنفره این اطمینان وجود داشت که یک امپراتور در نزدیکی هر منطقهٔ بحران قرار دارد و میتواند مستقیماً نیروها را هدایت کند و نیز میتوان همزمان در بیش از یک جبهه لشکرکشی کرد. پس از شکستی که در سال ۲۹۶ از ایرانیان دریافت کردند، گالریوس در سال ۲۹۸ نرسه را شکست داد و به پیمان صلحی دست یافت که صلح میان دو امپراتوری را به مدت یک نسل حفظ کرد. کنستانتیوس غاصب بریتانیایی را شکست داد؛ ماکسیمیان گل را ساکت کرد و دیوکلسین شورشهای مصر را سرکوب کرد.
سقوط[ویرایش]
در سال ۳۰۵ دورهٔ بیستسالهٔ دیوکلسین و ماکسیمیان پایان یافت و هر دو استعفا کردند. گالریوس و کنستانتیوس کلوروس به مقام آگوست رسیدند و ماکسیمینوس و فلاویوس والریوس سوروس را به عنوان سزار انتخاب کردند. ولی این نظام به سرعت فروپاشید. کنستانتیوس در سال ۳۰۶ درگذشت و گالریوس به مقام آگوست ارتقا یافت. نیروهای کنستانتیوس ادعای مقام آگوست برای پسرش کنستانتین کردند. در همین زمان، ماکسنتیوس پسر ماکسیمیان نیز که از رسیدن به قدرت باز مانده بود، سوروس را شکست داد، او را وادار به استعفا کرد و در سال ۳۰۷ به قتل رساند. سپس ماکسنتیوس و ماکسیمیان خود را آگوست خواندند. در سال ۳۰۸ چهار نفر مدعی مقام آگوست بودند.
در سال ۳۰۸ گالریوس، دیوکلسین و ماکسیمیان درخواست برگزاری شورای امپراتوری در کارنونتوم کردند. شورا توافق کرد که لیسینیوس آگوست غرب و کنستانتین سزار او شود. در شرق، گالریوس آگوست بماند و ماکسیمینوس س
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Samuel was one complete book. Hannah’s poem was at the beginning of the book. David’s poem was at the end. Between them was the account of *Israel’s first two kings. Both poems centre on the *Lord. They describe how great he is. This showed the *Israelites that the *Lord was the centre of their history.
Verses 2-3 David described why he praised the *Lord. The *Lord had saved David and the *Lord protected him. David had to hide from King Saul many times. David had to hide from his other enemies too. David hid behind large rocks. He hid in caves in the hills. He hid inside towns that had strong walls round them. He hid in buildings. He was safe in those places. However, David knew that his real security was with the *Lord. God protected David as he hid. And David imagined that God was like those safe places.
Verse 4 David praised the *Lord because the *Lord deserved it. David could not save himself. But the *Lord had saved David in the past. And the *Lord continued to save David.
Verses 5-6 David felt desperate when his enemies attacked him. He thought that he was going to die. They believed that dead people go to a place called Sheol. Sometimes we call it the grave or death. (The word Sheol does not always mean the same as hell. Hell is the place of punishment. But Sheol is a simpler word. The *Israelites said that a dead person ‘went to Sheol’.)
Verse 7 So David called to the *Lord and the *Lord heard him. The ‘temple’ refers to heaven where God lives (Psalm 11:4).
Verses 8-16 are very dramatic. David described how great and powerful the *Lord is.
Verse 8 The *Lord was angry with David’s enemies. The *Lord’s power shook everything.
Verse 9 Fire often refers to God’s judgement (for example Malachi chapter 4).
Verses 10-12 David imagined that the *Lord left heaven and came to the earth. Ezekiel chapters 1 and 10 describe the cherubim. They are special *angels that live with God in heaven. They have wings and they can fly. Other nations *worshipped a false god called Baal. They called Baal ‘the god who rides on the clouds’. But the *Lord was more powerful than Baal. The *Lord usually hid himself so that nobody could see his *glory.
Verses 13 and 15 People at that time believed that lightning showed God’s power. It showed that he was working. The lightning seemed to come from God. And it looked like arrows.
Verse 14 The Bible often describes God’s voice as like thunder (a loud noise during a storm). For example, Job 40:9 and Psalm 77:18. The ‘Most High’ is another name for God.
Verse 16 The *Lord had enough power even to remove the sea. Compare this with Exodus chapter 14.
Fire, wind and storms are very powerful. They frighten people because people cannot control them. In Exodus chapter 19, the *Lord had appeared to Moses with smoke and clouds, fire and lightning. There was a loud noise like a storm and the ground shook. In 1 Samuel 7:10, the *Lord sent a storm against the *Philistines. The *Lord may have sent storms during David’s battles. The *Lord frightened David’s enemies.
In verses 17-20, David described how the *Lord saved him. During the battle, David felt like a man who was drowning in a river. David imagined that God was like a man with a very strong arm. It was as if God leaned out of heaven. Then God seemed to pick up David. David’s enemies were too strong. But the *Lord rescued David and he put him somewhere safe.
In this section, David described two reasons why the *Lord had saved him.
Verses 21-25 David always tried to be loyal to God. David did the things that God wanted him to do. David even did such things if he might suffer as a result. Saul chased David and then he tried to kill David. This happened several times. But David never hurt or insulted Saul. David was not perfect. He made many mistakes. His errors were sometimes very serious. But David confessed his evil deeds to God. He still tried to be loyal to God. And he tried to obey the law and to trust God. We may think that David sounded proud. But in Leviticus chapter 26 God promised to *bless the people who obeyed him. God said that they would defeat their enemies. God had rewarded David. And David was confident that God rewarded him because of his right attitudes. (Many people think that David wrote this section before he *sinned against Uriah. They may be correct. But after David *sinned, he confessed his evil deed to God. You can read his prayer in Psalm 51. David asked God to forgive him. And afterwards, David continued to do the things that God wanted him to do.)
Verses 26-30 The *Lord is fair. He deals with people in the right way. In verse 27, ‘*pure’ means perfect, like something that is clean. In verse 27, ‘you oppose wicked people’ also has another meaning: ‘God shows that wicked people are foolish’.
David knew that the glory (greatness) of the *Lord is like a bright light. ‘Darkness’ often refers to times of trouble. People cannot see where to go in the dark. But the *Lord showed David what to do in every difficult situation. David was very confident when the *Lord was with him. Nothing seemed too difficult for David to do.
Verses 31-32 David described how wonderful God is. There is nobody else like him. He is the only real God. Then David described how this wonderful God helped him to win his battles.
Verses 33-37 David described how God prepared him for the battles.
Verse 33 God’s way is perfect. (In other words, everything that God does is perfect.) And God is strong. So, God could make David’s way perfect and make him strong.
Verse 34 A deer is an animal that lives in the mountains. It has special feet so that it can climb up and down the mountains. Its feet do not slip on the rocks. It can even run and jump across the rocks. A mountain is a difficult place. God helped David so that David did not fail during his difficult times. This may refer to the times when Saul chased David. David had to escape and to live in the mountains.
Verse 35 Bows were usually wooden. *Bronze is a strong metal. So the *Lord made David strong and made him an expert.
Verse 36 David had been just an ordinary man. He was not great because of what he had done. David imagined again that the *Lord reached down from heaven. The *Lord made David a great king and army leader.
Verse 37 This is similar to the idea in verse 34 that David would not fail.
Verses 38-46 describe how God helped David during the battles.
Verses 38-39 David defeated all his enemies and he became their ruler. The word ‘overcame’ does not mean that he killed them all. In Joshua 10:16-25, the *Israelites defeated their enemies because they defeated their kings. The army leaders put their feet on the necks of the kings. This action showed that the *Israelites ruled their enemies. And their enemies could not continue to be proud.
Verses 40-41 David went out to fight the battles. But David was not proud about his own skill. He knew that the *Lord made him successful. David’s enemies had to bend in front of David. This showed that they gave him honour.
Verses 42-43 Nobody would help David’s enemy. The *Lord would not even answer them. Again, David said that these enemies were under his feet. Mud and dust have no value. And David’s enemies were ashamed.
Verses 44-46 Everyone heard about David and what God did for the *Israelites. God had made David a successful king. No nation could defeat him. Foreign nations became afraid because God had made David so powerful. So, many nations served David and they did not fight him.
As David finished this poem, he praised God again. God is alive and real. God made David the king of *Israel. And God helped David. God saved David and he made him successful. David was very grateful to God. David wrote the words in verse 50 about 3000 years ago. But he did not realise what would happen in the future. Chapter 8 gives a list of many nations that David defeated. He praised the *Lord among those nations. But something even greater has happened. Paul, the apostle (leader), mentioned David’s words in Romans 15:9. Paul refers to the ‘Gentiles’ (anyone who is not a *Jew) who will praise God. Men and women have translated the Bible into many different languages. Therefore, people in all nations of the world now praise the *Lord as they read David’s poem!
In verse 51, ‘the king that you *anointed’ refers to David. But it also can mean Jesus Christ. The name ‘Christ’ means ‘the *anointed man’. In the *New Testament, the writers often called Jesus the ‘son of David’ (for example, Matthew 1:1 and Mark 12:35). Jesus came from David’s family (Luke 3:23-31). Jesus was born about 1000 years after King David died. Jesus died but he became alive again. Now he lives always. So, these promises were about Jesus as well as David.
In this poem, David did not describe the great things that he had done. But he described what God had done for him.
Verse 1 David wrote this poem when he was old. It was his last official statement to the *Israelites. David had been a good king. And David gave the honour for his success to God. David wanted people in the future to know that. When he was young, he was an ordinary person. But God established him as the most important person in *Israel. God made David the king.
Jacob was Abraham’s grandson. God changed Jacob’s name to ‘Israel’ (Genesis 32:24-28). So ‘God of Jacob’ refers to God as God of all the *Israelites.
David was a musician and he wrote many poems. He sang the songs to *worship the *Lord. You can read some of his songs and poems in the Book of Psalms.
Verse 2 David wrote as a *prophet. So, he did not merely describe his own ideas. Instead, he heard what the *Lord said. Then David spoke the *Lord’s words.
Verse 3 Again David referred to the *Lord as a rock. In other words, God provides security in our lives. God is fair (Jeremiah 9:24). So, God wants leaders and kings to rule in the right way. They should care about the people. And they should always be fair. That would show that they respect God.
Verse 4 David described a good ruler. He said that a good ruler is like bright sunlight. Everyone benefits when a country has a good ruler. And people benefit from the sunlight. People enjoy a sunny morning. The sunshine that comes after rain makes plants grow. So, people have a good life and they have enough food because of the sunshine. And when a country has a good ruler, people enjoy their lives in that country. God *blesses that country. David had been a good king because he obeyed God.
Verse 5 In chapter 7, Nathan the *prophet told David what God had promised to him. God had already made David a great king. And God saved David from all his enemies. So, David knew that he could trust God’s promises. David’s sons caused trouble for David, but God loved Solomon (12:24-25). Solomon became the king after David (1 Kings chapter 1).
Verses 6-7 contrast wicked men with good rulers in verse 4. So, this probably refers to wicked rulers rather than wicked people in general. The sharp bushes covered the ground so that other plants could not grow. When a farmer cleared his ground, these bushes could hurt him. So, he had to burn them in order to remove them. The bushes were no use and they were dangerous. Wicked men always cause trouble for people and for countries because they oppose God. The fire refers to God’s judgement. God *blesses people who obey him. But he will punish people who oppose him.
(Verses 8-39 See also 1 Chronicles 11:10-41.)
David achieved a lot because he had many brave soldiers. They helped him. The account in 1 Chronicles gives some extra information. Some of the names are different. People and towns may have had more than one name at that time.
The three bravest men were a famous group. The Bible does not record these three brave men anywhere else. Verses 8-12 record one event for each man. This was probably the most important event in each man’s life. However, the men did not fight just with their own power. The writer shows that the *Lord gave them success.
We do not know whether the three bravest men were part of the group of 30. In verse 13, the three men were probably not the special group of three men.
This event probably happened during the time of the account in 5:17-25. The *Philistines had attacked the southern part of *Judah. But the *Lord gave David success and he defeated the *Philistines. David had hidden in the cave at Adullam when Saul chased him (1 Samuel chapter 22). So, David knew where to hide from his enemies. David came from the town of Bethlehem. The valley of Rephaim was near to Bethlehem. Some of the *Philistines soldiers had attacked the town and they were living there. David needed a drink. He knew that there was good cold water in Bethlehem. He probably wished that he was at home in Bethlehem. He wanted peace and not war. Three of David’s men were very brave and loyal. They were also unselfish. We can see that they loved David. They even risked their own lives to get some water for David. They had to walk about 19 kilometres (12 miles) from Adullam to Bethlehem. Then they had to fight the *Philistines. David realised how brave and loyal the men were. David was humble. He could not be selfish and drink the water. He cared about his men too much. So David gave this water to the *Lord as he poured it onto the ground. This water seemed too precious for David to drink it. Only the *Lord deserved something that was so valuable.
This chapter does not include Joab in the lists of brave soldiers. This was because Joab was already the leader of the whole *Israelite army.
Verses 18-23 show why Abishai and Benaiah were not part of the special group. Abishai had led the army for a short time but he was not as important as Joab. But Abishai had more honour than the other men did. David rewarded Benaiah and he made him a leader of the men from Kereth and Peleth (8:18). (In 1 Samuel 22:14, David had been the leader of the guards who protected King Saul.)
The writer calls these men ‘The Thirty (30)’, but there were 37 soldiers. There were probably 30 men in the group. Perhaps if one man died, they chose another man. Or perhaps the name of the group did not mean that there were only 30 members.
Abner killed Joab’s brother Asahel, who is in verse 24 (2:18-23). David killed Uriah who was Bathsheba’s husband. Uriah is in verse 39. Eliam is in verse 34. Eliam was probably Bathsheba’s father (11:3). Eliam was also the son of Ahithophel. Ahithophel had advised David but then he followed Absalom (15:12).
Many of these men came from the area of *Judah where David lived. Some came from Saul’s land of Benjamin. But some of them were foreigners. They came from the countries where David had fought his enemies (for example Ammon in verse 37). They became loyal to David after he had defeated their countries. But every man on this list was a famous brave soldier. They served King David. And David gave them honour.
(Verses 1-25 See also 1 Chronicles 21:1-26.)
We do not know when the events of this chapter happened. But it was probably some time after Absalom’s death. We also read about these events in 1 Chronicles 21:1-26. But the two accounts are slightly different. The writers probably just emphasised different parts of the story. (This also happens in the *New Testament books of Matthew, Mark, Luke and John.)
Verse 1 does not say why the *Lord was angry with *Israel. Usually he was angry when the people did not obey him. The *Lord wanted to punish them. In Chronicles, it says that Satan (God’s chief enemy) made David count the people. James 1:13 says that God does not tempt people to do something wrong. But Job chapter 1 shows that God sometimes lets Satan tempt (test) people. So, God may allow something but Satan actually does it. This could explain the two different accounts of this story.
It does not seem wrong for a king to count his people. It may seem sensible for him to know the number of his soldiers. But *Israel was not an ordinary country. The army did not win because it was big. God was the real king of the country. God helped the *Israelite army to defeat its enemies. David should have trusted the *Lord to give him success in his battles. It is a *sin to be proud. And it is a *sin to trust yourself more than you trust the *Lord. Perhaps David was becoming proud about his success. Perhaps the devil tempted him to trust his army more and to trust the *Lord less.
Joab tried to advise the king. Joab was a cruel man (1 Kings 2:5-6) and his advice was not always good. But Joab was right this time. David should have trusted God. God would give David the soldiers that he needed. But David refused to follow Joab’s advice. Joab did not always obey David. But David won the argument that time.
‘From Dan
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帮助他们在健康研究领域开辟新天地，包括对心脏的科学认识。
IT之家附苹果新闻稿中部分内容：
在未来的几个月里，Conyers 博士与她在 Murdoch 儿童研究所领导的团队将首先研究 40 名儿童与青少年患者使用 Apple Watch 移动心电图房颤提示软件的灵敏度 1。接下来，团队将寻找适当方式，让患者可以随时随地记录心电图。通过这些洞察，团队希望更好地理解心脏毒副作用的真实情况，并发现干预的潜在机会。
下个月，得州农工大学的 Cheong 博士和斯坦福医学院的 Brian Kim 博士与 Marco Perez 博士将开始为消防队员配备 Apple Watch，研究山火烟尘对心脏健康的影响。得州的山火季从春天开始，加州从夏天开始。这两个州将有最多 200 名消防队员加入这项研究。
“Apple Watch 是一款广泛应用且可靠的可穿戴消费者设备，我们认为它能够很好地融入我们的研究，帮助我们理解可以怎样将它应用于规模更大的健康系统。”Blok 博士表示。
关键词： 苹果به نوشته خبرنگار پایگاه خبری مدیریت شهری کرج، دکتر اصغر نصیری که در نشست شورای برنامه ریزی پنج شنبه ۱۴ دی ماه در سالن جلسات شهرداری کرج سخن بیان میکرد، گفت: بسیاری از این خودروها کار عملی متناسبی با مبالغ دریافتی انجام نمی دهند. وی، از مدیران خواست با تعیین و شناسایی این نوع خودروها، قراردادهای مازاد را حذف و درمقایسه با پرداخت حقوق و […]
وی، از مدیران خواست با تعیین و شناسایی این نوع خودروها، قراردادهای مازاد را حذف و درمقایسه با پرداخت حقوق و مزایای کافی و به موقع به نیروهای حقیقی و ماشین آلات اکتیو اقدام نمایند.
این مسئول با بیان اینکه شیوه های پرداخت به نیروها در این بخش قابل توجیه نیست، مدیران را برای تنظیم و معرفی به موقع صورت موقعیت ها و طی شدن به موقع روند اداری برای تامین اعتبار حقوق نیروها ملزم کرد.
وی تاکید کرد: لیست کارگران باید تا ۲۰ هر ماه از جانب پیمانکار به منطقه معرفی شده و برنامه ریزی برای واریز حقوق سروقت و به موقع آنها از همان لحظه شروع شود.Focaccia genovese
La focaccia genovese, o fugassa com'è chiamata in dialetto, è una ricetta tipica della cucina ligure e una delle pizze più amate. Qui di seguito ve la proponiamo sia nella ricetta tradizionale che nella versione con le cipolle.
Preparazione
Passo 1
Versate la farina in una ciotola, unite 80 g di olio, l’estratto di malto, un pizzico di sale fino e l’acqua e impastate per un paio di minuti. Aggiungete il lievito, un po’ di acqua e lavorate ancora. Trasferite il tutto su una spianatoia infarinata e lavorate fino a ottenere un impasto omogeneo. Formate una palla e fate lievitare per 1 ora. Riprendete l’impasto, lavoratelo nuovamente per qualche minuto e fate lievitare per 20 minuti.
Passo 2
Dividete la pasta a metà e adagiate ciascuna in una teglia dai bordi bassi, unta con olio. Lavoratele con i polpastrelli per adattarle alla
teglia e ottenere i classici fori della focaccia. Spolverizzate la superficie con un po’ di sale grosso, bagnate con poca acqua e irrorate con abbondante olio. Lasciate lievitare per 3-4 ore e infornate a 200° C per 15-20 minuti.
Passo 3
Per la ricetta con le cipolle
Affettate sottilmente 1 cipolla, raccoglietela in una ciotola, conditela con un filo di olio e sale fino e distribuitela sulla superficie delle focacce. Fate cuocere a 200° C per 20-30 minuti.Victorian zoologist Louis Agassiz, “nothing more than a little shrimp-like animal, standing on its head in a limestone house and kicking food into its mouth.
Barnacles have the longest penis in the animal kingdom, in proportion to their body length.
They are abundant on the seashore, docks, and pilings.
How Barnacles Eat
Barnacles have appendages called cirri.
They reach out into the water and grab food particles like a scoop net.
When the cirri is drawn back, the food is scraped off into the mouth.
Barnacle Life Stages
There are 2 larvae stages for barnacles.
They are the nauplius and cypris stages.
Nauplius swims freely like zooplankton in the water, molting many times before becoming cypris.
Cypris does not eat at this stage, but is on a mission to find a good surface to settle and cement itself on.
Cypris attaches itself to its new spot by its antennas.
Within 12 hours of attachment we now have a mature barnacle with a shell.
Nauplius, which is the first larvae stage.
Cypris, which is the second larvae stage.
Barnacles are stationary and are attached to rocks so they can’t go and find a mate.
In order to reproduce they must mate with their neighbor.
To be successful barnacles must have a strong stretchable penis.
This means that all barnacles are hermaphrodites; both male and female at the same time.
After mating season the penis is thrown away, and a new one is developed the next year.
The eggs and sperm are stored in separate cavities months before fertilization.
After fertilization occurs, the eggs hatch and the larvae stay with the mother until there is enough plankton in the spring.
Check out these local barnacles:
This webpage is part of the UWT Marine Ecology 2007 Class Projectپروانه فعالیت گردش هفدهم انجمن زرتشتیان شیراز پس از گذشت ۱۹ ماه از برگزاری انتخابات از سوی وزارت کشور در اختیار این انجمن قرار گرفت.
پروانه فعالیت گردش هفدهم انجمن زرتشتیان شیراز، آبانماه ۱۳۹۹ خورشیدی با امضای وزیر کشور صادر شده است و تا پایان مهر ماه ۱۴۰۱ اعتبار خواهد داشت.
هموندان هیات مدیره گردش هفدهم خسرو قدس (فرنشین)، رامتین مهربان شهریاری (جانشین فرنشین)، شهرام پوردهی زینآباد (حسابدار)، سیروس خدادادی (منشی)، فرشید دهموبد شریفآباد (بایگان)، فرشید گشتاسبی، هوشنگ اسفندیاریان، آرمیتا جمشیدی کلانتری، فرشاد جمشیدی کلانتری، خشایار سرایی و کتایون نمیرانیان هستند.
شایان یادآوری است، ۶ ماههی نخست گردش هفدهم، روانشاد افلاتون سهرابی به عنوان فرنشین سکان هدایت انجمن زرتشتیان شیراز را در دست داشت، اما به شوند آنکه پروانه فعالیت پس از درگذشت ایشان صادر شد، در میان اسامی هموندان هیاتمدیره در پروانه صادر شده نامی از آن بزرگمرد برده نشده و پروانهی فعالیت با منظور کردن تغییرات هیاتمدیره صادر شده است.Serj Tankian, Devin Townsend, Ihsahn (ex-Emperor) e Ray Holroyd (12 Ton Method) si sono ritrovati per dare vita ad un nuovo progetto musicale. Il progetto è stato creato per onorare il presidente Sudafricano Nelson Mandela, con la canzone ‘We Are‘, della quale è stato pubblicato un lyric video per la rete (lo trovate a fondo articolo).
Il singolo sarà pubblicato dall’etichetta Revolution Harmony, che donerà il ricavato delle vendite in beneficenza. La Revolution Harmony è nata da un’idea di Ray Holroyd nel 2011, ed è un progetto no profit, che si occupa di beneficenza e di ristabilire l’armonia tra le persone attraverso la musica.
Questo il commento della Revolution Harmony alla canzone:
“Il tema affrontato nel testo di ‘We Are’ è basato sul concetto per cui è stata creata la Revolution Harmony, che è essenzialmente la convinzione che l’armonia musicale ha il potere di ispirare una rivoluzione, attraverso la società. Il singolo è dedicato a Nelson Mandela ed al ricordo di Lucky Dube, e sarà distribuito ufficialmente in tutto il mondo nel Mandela Day (il 18 Luglio), con il 100% dei profitti che saranno donati a Buskaid, un’associazione che provvede a dare lezioni di musica e strumenti musicali gratuite ai bambini della città di Soweto”.
Oltre al suo impegno musicale, Serj Tankian si è anche imbarcato in un progetto illustrativo: il cantante ha creato un artwork basata sulla sua musica.Önce Flormar M107'yi tek kat sürdüm, kuruduktan sonra french yapar gibi ama biraz daha kalın Golden Rose 04'le şerit yaptım, o da kuruduktan sonra üstüne karpuzun dışı yeşil şeriti Pastel 307 ile yaptım. Daha sonra Flormar'ın siyah nail art ojesiyle karpuzun çekirdeklerini yaptım. En son da biraz kuruduktan sonra Flormar'ın matlaştırıcı ojesini sürdüm.
29.11.2011
27.11.2011
Bunlar bugün aldığım ojeler. Matlaştırıcı ojeyi bayadır istiyordum, bulamıyordum. Fiyatı da uygun 5.70 zannediyorum ki diğer markalarınkiler daha pahalı. Pembe olanda hafif ışıltı var numarası 030 renkli oje sürmeyeceğimde bu tarz ojeleri tercih ediyorum. Lacivert olan da Alix Avien'in 201 numaralı ojesi.
Nane yeşili ojeyi (Rimmel 500 Pepermint)iki kat sürdükten üstüne de çatlayan oje sürdüm. O da Golden Rose Graffiti serisinden 05 numaralı mor oje. Diğer markaların çatlayan ojelerini denemedim fakat Golden Rose'un matlaşması hoşuma gitmedi parlak olsa daha iyi olurmuş gibi. Ama bunun üstüne matlaştırıcı oje sürünce daha güzel oluyor çünkü biri parlayıp biri mat durunca pek hoş gözükmedi.
21.11.2011
Önce dün aldığım Pastel'in 06'sını iki kat sürdüm. Daha sonra sırasıyla Golden Rose 60 kırmızı, Flormar 425 mor, Flormar 430 mavi ve Alix Avien 221 turuncu ile kalın bir şerit çizdim. Biraz kurumasını bekledikten sonra, Golden Rose 04 beyaz ile yuvarlakları yaptım, fırçanın tabanını değirince zaten direk yuvarlak oluyor, benimkiler biraz yamuk oldu ama idare ederler yine de. En son da Flormar NA12 siyah nail art ojesiyle gözlerini yaptım. 1 kaç dakika bekledikten sonra üzerine Flormar Oje Kurutucu Sprey sıktım.
20.11.2011
Pastel'in Limited Edition serisinden 307 numaralı oje. Renk ve kıvam olarak flormar neon serisindeki yeşile benziyor. İki kat sürdüm fakat üç kat daha iyi olur gibi çünkü tırnak uçları biraz belli oluyor.“I leader devono fare scelte cruciali sui tipi di potere che usano”, dice Joseph S. Nye Jr, fino a poco tempo fa preside della Kennedy School di Harvard. Ecco come scegliere.
di Joseph S. Nye Jr.
È un paradosso centrale del potere americano: la potenza degli Stati Uniti è indiscussa: Le truppe americane sono dislocate in circa 130 Paesi in tutto il mondo e nessun esercito avversario oserebbe sfidarlo in condizioni di parità. Ma mentre la superiorità militare dell’America è aumentata, la sua capacità di persuasione è in calo in molte parti del mondo, anche tra i suoi più vecchi alleati. Nelle osservazioni che seguono, tratte da un discorso tenuto l’11 marzo alla conferenza del Center for Public Leadership su “Misuses of Power: Cause e correzioni”, Joseph S. Nye Jr., decano [fino al 30 giugno 2004] della Kennedy School of Government dell’Università di Harvard, distingue tra hard power – il potere di costringere – e soft power – il potere di attrarre.
Il dizionario dice che leadership significa andare avanti o mostrare la strada. Guidare significa aiutare un gruppo a definire e raggiungere uno scopo comune. Esistono vari tipi e livelli di leadership, ma tutti hanno in comune il rapporto con i seguaci. Pertanto, leadership e potere sono inestricabilmente intrecciati. Di seguito sosterrò che molte abilità di leadership, come la creazione di una visione, la sua comunicazione, l’attrazione e la scelta di persone capaci, la delega e la formazione di coalizioni, dipendono da quello che io chiamo soft power. Ma prima dovremmo chiederci: che cos’è il potere?
Che cos’è il potere?
A livello più generale, il potere è la capacità di influenzare il comportamento degli altri per ottenere i risultati desiderati. Ci sono diversi modi per influenzare il comportamento degli altri.
Si possono costringere gli altri con minacce.
Si può indurli con pagamenti.
Oppure si possono attrarre o cooptare.
A volte posso influenzare il vostro comportamento senza comandarlo. Se credete che i miei obiettivi siano legittimi, posso essere in grado di persuadervi senza usare minacce o incentivi. Per esempio, i cattolici fedeli possono seguire l’insegnamento del Papa sulla pena capitale non per la minaccia di scomunica, ma per il rispetto della sua autorità morale. Oppure alcuni musulmani radicali possono essere attratti a sostenere le azioni di Osama bin Laden non a causa di pagamenti o minacce, ma perché credono nella legittimità dei suoi obiettivi.
I politici pratici e la gente comune spesso definiscono il potere semplicemente come il possesso di capacità o risorse che possono influenzare i risultati. Chi ha autorità, ricchezza o una personalità attraente viene definito potente. In politica internazionale, secondo questa seconda definizione, consideriamo potente un Paese che ha una popolazione relativamente numerosa, un territorio, risorse naturali, forza economica, forza militare e stabilità sociale.
Il pregio di questa seconda definizione è che fa apparire il potere più concreto, misurabile e prevedibile. In questo senso, il potere è come avere le carte alte in una partita a carte. Ma quando si definisce il potere come sinonimo di risorse che lo producono, a volte ci si imbatte nel paradosso che chi è più dotato di potere non sempre ottiene i risultati che desidera. Per esempio, in termini di risorse, gli Stati Uniti erano l’unica superpotenza mondiale nel 2001, ma non sono riusciti a impedire l’11 settembre. Per trasformare le risorse in potere effettivo, nel senso di ottenere i risultati desiderati, occorrono strategie ben progettate e una leadership abile. Tuttavia, le strategie sono spesso inadeguate e i leader spesso sbagliano a giudicare: basti pensare a Hitler nel 1941 o a Saddam Hussein nel 1990.
Il soft power si basa sulla capacità di influenzare le preferenze degli altri.
Misurare il potere in termini di risorse è una stenografia imperfetta ma utile. È altrettanto importante capire quali risorse forniscono la base migliore per il comportamento di potere in un particolare contesto. Il petrolio non era una risorsa di potere impressionante prima dell’era industriale, né l’uranio era significativo prima dell’era nucleare. Le risorse di potere non possono essere giudicate senza conoscere il contesto. In alcune situazioni coloro che ricoprono alte cariche, comandano la forza o possiedono ricchezze non sono i più potenti. È questo il senso delle rivoluzioni.
Potere morbido
Tutti conoscono il potere duro. Sappiamo che la forza militare ed economica spesso induce gli altri a cambiare posizione. Il potere duro può basarsi su incentivi (“carote”) o minacce (“bastoni”). Ma a volte è possibile ottenere i risultati desiderati senza minacce o pagamenti tangibili. Il modo indiretto di ottenere ciò che si vuole è stato talvolta chiamato “il secondo volto del potere”. Un Paese può ottenere i risultati che desidera nella politica mondiale perché altri Paesi ammirano i suoi valori, emulano il suo esempio, aspirano al suo livello di prosperità e apertura. Questo soft power – far sì che gli altri desiderino i risultati che si vogliono ottenere – coopta le persone piuttosto che costringerle.
Il soft power si basa sulla capacità di plasmare le preferenze degli altri. Nel mondo degli affari, i dirigenti intelligenti sanno che la leadership non consiste solo nell’impartire comandi, ma anche nel dare l’esempio e nell’attirare gli altri a fare ciò che si vuole. Allo stesso modo, le pratiche contemporanee di community-based policing si basano sul rendere la polizia sufficientemente amichevole e attraente da indurre la comunità ad aiutarla a raggiungere gli obiettivi condivisi.
I leader politici hanno da tempo compreso il potere che deriva dall’attrazione. Se riesco a convincervi a fare ciò che voglio, non devo usare bastoni o carote per farvelo fare. Il soft power è un punto fermo della politica democratica quotidiana. La capacità di stabilire preferenze tende a essere associata a beni intangibili come una personalità attraente, la cultura, i valori politici e le istituzioni, le politiche considerate legittime o dotate di autorità morale. Se un leader rappresenta valori che gli altri vogliono seguire, la sua leadership costerà meno.
Il soft power non è semplicemente la stessa cosa dell’influenza. Dopo tutto, l’influenza può anche basarsi sul potere duro delle minacce o dei pagamenti. Il soft power non è solo la persuasione o la capacità di convincere le persone con le argomentazioni, anche se questa è una parte importante. È anche la capacità di attrarre, e l’attrazione spesso porta all’acquiescenza. In parole povere, in termini comportamentali, il soft power è il potere di attrazione. Le risorse del soft power sono le risorse che producono tale attrazione.
Se vengo persuaso ad assecondare i vostri scopi senza che vi sia una minaccia o uno scambio esplicito – in breve, se il mio comportamento è determinato da un’attrazione osservabile ma intangibile – il soft power è all’opera. Il soft
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宋庄宗李存勖命他监先锋军。次年，古代灭蜀大国民政党军事委员会调查总结局帅皇子魏王李继岌准备离开原前蜀都城卡尔加里退却京城宜昌，留下一支由时任马步都指挥使的李仁罕、马军都指挥使潘仁嗣、左厢都指挥使赵廷隐、右厢都指挥使张知业、牙内指挥使武漳、骁锐指挥使李廷厚指导的人马留守达卡，等候新任西川左徒孟知祥到任。明显后来孟知祥到任后，李仁罕等人归其指引。孟知祥奏授李仁罕马步军都指挥使。蕃汉马步军都排陈斩斫使兼马步军都指挥使弘孝皇帝琛作乱，孟知祥命李仁罕率50000人涉足平乱，遂得勇战之名。
李仁罕积功授左厢马步都指挥使，进光禄大夫、检校中国太平洋保证公司、守彭州经略使、上柱国，充诸军马步军都指挥使，后迁蜀州尚书。同光四年李存勖在曲靖的一起兵变中被杀，养兄李嗣源为帝，即古代明宗。长兴元年时，孟知祥和东川少保董璋两镇与王室的关联很不安，必有世界首次大战。在此关键时刻，四月，李仁罕、张知业邀孟知祥赴宴。有尼姑告诉孟知祥，他们是要在宴会上害
他;孟知祥诘问之下，发现此事并无证据，最后查出蜚言来源为军校都延昌、王行本，将此2位腰斩。随后孟知祥不带左右，单身直接去李仁罕府上赴宴，李仁罕感其亲信，叩头哭道：「老兵只好尽
以报德。」诸将因而都亲附坚守孟知祥。
5月，孟知祥、董璋正式出师对抗朝廷。先前，武信军太史夏鲁奇奉朝廷令，修兵甲以图蜀。孟知祥与董璋合计，先讨夏鲁奇。孟知祥以李仁罕为行营都布署，时任汉州军机大臣的赵廷隐为副，时任简州大将军的张知业为先锋指挥使，率兵一千0攻武信军军府遂州。一月，李仁罕即围遂州，夏鲁奇守城，派马军都指挥使康文通出战。康文通得知原为朝廷治下的保宁军已被两川联军攻占，就率众投降了李仁罕。次年八月，李仁罕克遂州，夏鲁奇自杀。
孟知祥以李仁罕为武信军留后，10月又认为峡路行营招讨使，率水军东进从宫廷手中夺取三峡地区。当月即攻陷忠州，一月攻陷万州、云安监，兵临宁江军军府夔州。宁江军里胥安崇阮弃镇内逃，李仁罕夺取宁江军。十八月，李仁罕引兵回吉达。
当时李嗣源已退回由其女婿东川行营都招讨使石敬瑭指点的讨伐两川的新秀部队，且已诛杀主倡此战的通判安重诲，朝廷实际已经屈服。李嗣源寻求和两川和平解决，孟知祥也想和王室和平消除，但董璋不肯，反而攻打西川。因赵廷隐出大力，孟知祥反攻败董璋，董璋部将杀董璋，以东川退让孟知祥。李仁罕与赵廷隐在东川军府梓州会面，赵廷隐亲自迎接李仁罕来到。但李仁罕不言赵廷隐的大功，反而侮辱她，赵廷隐大怒。孟知祥随后亲临梓州，召见李仁罕、赵廷隐，问什么人可为东川节度使，以为他们中有一位会推让，这样即可任命另壹位。但李仁罕却说：「假如令公再一次让小编当蜀州都督，作者也会经受。」而赵廷隐则默不作声。因二人陷入僵局，孟知祥最后决定亲自领东川。后任赵廷隐为保宁军上大夫，次年以墨制署李仁罕为武信军经略使，李嗣源也都认同。
那年，孟知祥称帝，建立后蜀。以李仁罕为卫圣诸军马步军指挥使，仍领武信军。当时后蜀众多高级将领骄纵，剽掠百姓，常违规夺取百姓的沃土，甚至破坏坟墓，李仁罕和张业(即张知业，因避孟知祥讳而更名)是最严重的。李仁罕因而而奢富，还曾想娶有国色的前蜀宫嫔柳自华，害怕被孟知祥所责，没敢执行。
7月，孟知祥崩，遗命外孙子孟仁赞继位，改名
，托孤于司空同平章事赵季良、李仁罕、赵廷隐、太史王处回、捧圣控鹤都指挥使张公铎、奉銮肃卫指挥副使侯弘实。孟知祥驾崩时，王处回告诉赵季良，赵季良让她赶回见李仁罕，但李仁罕严整军备以待，于是王处回没有以孟知祥死讯相告，直到孟昶继位。
孟昶继位后，十一月，李仁罕坚请判六军。孟昶起头不情愿地承诺了，加仁罕兼中书令，判六军事，以赵廷隐为副。李仁罕遇事必谏。但张公铎和医官使韩继勋、丰德库使韩保贞、茶酒库使安思谦等孟昶近臣随后弹劾李仁罕有异志。十一月，孟昶与赵季良、赵廷隐合谋，趁李仁罕入朝，执而击杀之，下诏声言其罪，杀其子李军及信任进奏吏宋从会等数人，灭李仁罕族。奉銮肃卫都指挥使、昭武上卿兼巡抚李肇本来见孟昶时拄著枴杖不下拜，闻讯震惊，改变态度，变得十一分恭顺。孟昶左右请求也诛杀李肇，但孟昶没有这么做，而是以李肇为皇太子少傅致仕，徙邛州。
五代十国时代后蜀开国皇上孟知祥是晋王李克用的侄婿，在晋代深受重用，历任中门使、马步军都虞候、新加坡留守等职，后出任西川参知政事。
[1]春，孟陬，董璋遣兵筑七寨于剑门。丙午，孟知祥遣赵季良如梓州修好。
明曾子舆德和武钦孝天子中之下
清代明宗年间，孟知祥渐渐发生据蜀自立之心，不听后西魏廷诏令，甚至已经举兵反叛。他于长兴四年吞并东川，尽占两川之地，被拜为检校经略使兼中书令，剑南两川上大夫，封蜀王。
[1]春季，孟阳，东川少保董璋派兵在剑门修筑七座集散地。乙酉（八日），西川校尉孟知祥派其副使赵季良到梓州来与董璋修好，以相结纳。
◎ 长兴元年辛卯，公元九三零年
应顺元年青女月，孟知祥在海得拉巴南面，建立后蜀，并于11月改元明德。
[2]鸿胪少卿郭在徽奏请铸当5000、3000、一千大钱；朝廷以其指虚为实，无识妄言，左迁卫尉少卿、同正。
春，发岁，董璋遣兵筑七寨于剑门。甲申，孟知祥遣赵季良如梓州修好。
鸿胪少卿郭在徽奏请铸当六千、3000、一千大钱；朝廷以其指虚为实，无识妄言，左迁卫尉少卿、同正。
吴徙汉仁帝澈为德化王。
一月，辛丑朔，赵季良还爱丁堡，谓孟知祥曰：“董公贪残好胜，志大谋短，终为西川之患。”都指挥使李仁罕、张业欲置宴召知祥；先八日，有尼告二将谋以宴日害知祥；知祥诘之，无状，丁未，推始言者军校都延昌、王行本，腰斩之。戊寅，就宴，尽去左右，独诣仁罕第；仁罕叩头流涕曰：“老兵惟尽死以报德。”由是诸将皆亲附而服之。
甲午，孟知祥、董璋同上表言：“两川闻朝廷于阆中建节，绵、遂益兵，无不忧恐。”上以诏书慰谕之。辛巳，上祀圆丘，大赦，改元。凤翔太尉兼中书令李从严入朝陪祀，四月，甲申，制徙从严为宣武里胥。
辛未，吴主立江都王琏为皇太子。 丁卯，以宣徽使硃弘照为凤翔御史。
康福奏克保静镇，斩李匡宾。 复以安义为昭义军。
帝将立曹淑妃为后，淑妃谓王德妃曰：“吾素病中烦，倦于接对，妹代自身为之。”德妃曰：“中宫敌偶至尊，何人敢干之！”甲辰，立淑妃为皇后。德妃事后恭谨，后亦怜之。初，王德妃因安重诲得进，衡阳之。帝性俭约，及在位久，宫中开支稍侈，重诲每规谏。妃取外库锦造地衣，重诲切谏，引刘后为戒；妃由是怨之。
高从诲遣使奉表诣吴，告以墓葬在神州，恐为唐所讨，吴兵援之不及，谢绝之。吴遣兵击之，不克。
董璋恐绵州太傅武虔裕窥其所为，夏，十八月，乙酉朔，表兼行军司马，囚之府廷。
宣武少保符习，自恃老将，论议多抗安重诲，重诲求其过错，奏之，乙亥，诏习以太子太傅致仕。
戊申，加孟知祥兼中书令，夏鲁奇同平章事。
初，帝在真定，李从珂与安重诲饮酒争言，从珂殴重诲，重诲走免；既醒，悔谢，重诲终衔之。至是，重诲用事，自皇子从荣、从厚皆敬事不暇。时从珂为河中里胥、同平章事，重诲屡短之于帝，帝不听。重诲乃矫以帝命谕河东牙内指挥使杨彦温使逐之。是日，从珂出城阅马，彦温勒兵闭门拒之，从珂使人扣门诘之曰：“吾将汝厚，何为如是？”对曰：“彦温非敢负恩，受枢密院宣耳。请公入朝。”从珂止于虞乡，遣使以状闻。使者至，丙辰，帝问重诲曰：“彦温安得此言？”对曰：“此奸人妄言耳，宜速讨之。”帝疑之，欲诱致彦温讯其事，除彦温绛州郎中。重诲固请发兵击之，乃命西都留守索自通、步军都指挥使药彦稠将兵讨之。帝令彦稠必生致彦温，吾欲面讯之。召从珂诣大庆。从珂知为重诲所构，驰入自明。
加安重诲兼中书令。
李从珂至大庆，上责之使归第，绝朝请。辛卯，索自通等拔河中，斩杨彦温，癸卯，传首来献。上怒药彦稠不生致，深责之。安重诲讽冯道、赵凤奏从珂失守，宜加罪。上曰：“吾儿为奸党所倾，未明曲直，公辈何为发此言，意不欲置之人间邪？此皆非公辈之意也。”四位惶恐而退。它日，赵凤又言之，上不应。昨天，重诲自言之，上曰：“朕昔为小校，家贫，赖此小儿拾马粪自赡，以至前日为太岁，曾不能庇之邪！卿欲怎么样处之于卿为便？”重诲曰：“主公父子之间，臣何敢言！惟太岁裁之！”上曰：“使家居私第亦可矣，何复言！”戊寅，以索自通为河中大将军。自通至镇，承重诲旨，籍军府甲仗数上之，以为从珂私造，赖王德妃居中维护，从珂由是得免。里正不敢与从珂往来；惟礼部大将军史馆修撰吕琦居相近，时往见之，从珂每月奏请，皆咨琦而后行。
辛未，帝加尊号曰圣明神武文德恭孝太岁。
安重诲言昭义里胥王建立过魏州有摇众之语，7月，戊午，制以里正致仕。
董璋阅集民兵，皆剪发黥面，复于剑门北置永定关，布列烽火。
孟知祥累表请割云安等十三盐监隶西川，以盐直赡宁江屯兵，戊申，许之。
十一月，癸已朔，日有食之。
乙酉，敕防御、团练使、参知政事、行军司马、节度副使，自今皆自朝廷除之，诸道无得奏荐。
董璋遣兵掠遂、阆镇戍，秋，11月，甲子，两川以清廷继遣兵屯遂、阆，复有论奏，自是西北饭馆少敢入蜀。
6月，乙卯，捧圣军使阿洛伊西奥德、十将张俭引告密人边彦温告“安重诲发兵，云欲自讨张家口；又引占相者问命。”帝以问侍卫都指挥使安从进、药彦稠，2个人曰：“此奸人欲挑拨太岁勋旧耳。重诲事国君三十年，幸好富贵，何苦谋反！臣等请以宗族保之。”帝乃斩彦温，召重诲慰抚之，君臣相泣。
从前忠武长史张延Mondeo工部上大夫，充三司使。三司使之名今后始。
吴徐知诰以海州都指挥使王传拯有威望，得士心，值团练使陈宣罢归，知诰许以传拯代之；既而复遣宣还海州，征传拯还江都。传拯怒，以为宣毁之，丁卯，帅麾下入辞宣。因斩宣，焚掠城郭，帅其众四千来奔。知诰曰：“是咱过也。”免其老婆。涟水制置使王岩将兵入海州，以岩为威卫知府，知海州。传拯，绾之子也，其季父舆为光州御史。传拯遣间使持书至光州，舆执之以闻，因求罢归；知诰以舆为控鹤都虞候。时事政治在徐氏，典兵宿卫者尤难其人，知诰以舆重厚慎密，故用之。
戊午，赵凤奏：“切闻近有剧毒群之马，诬告大臣，摇国柱石，行之未尽。”帝乃收杜威德、张俭，皆族之。
立皇子从荣为秦王；戊寅，立从厚为宋王。
董璋之子光业为宫廷使，在上饶，璋与书曰：“朝廷割吾支郡为节镇，屯兵3000，是杀我必矣。汝见枢要为吾言：如朝廷更发一骑入斜谷，吾必反！与汝诀矣。”光业以书示枢密承旨李虔徽。未几，朝廷又遣别将荀咸乂将兵戍阆州，光业谓虔徽曰：“此兵未至，吾父必反。吾不敢自爱，恐烦朝廷调发，愿止此兵，吾父保无她。”虔徽以告安重诲，重诲不从。璋闻之，遂反。利、阆、遂三镇以闻，且言已聚兵将攻三镇。重诲曰：“臣久知其那样，皇上含容不讨耳。”帝曰：“小编不负人，人负本人则讨之！”
七月，庚午，西川进奏官苏愿白孟知祥云：“朝廷欲大发兵讨两川。”知祥谋于副使赵季良，季良请以东川兵先取遂、阆，然后并兵守剑门，则
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جنین و بارداری را در زنان مبتلا به ناباروری غیرقابل توضیح بهبود بخشد.
لتروزول و درمان های باروری:
لتروزول مترادف با اصطلاح القای تخمک گذاری است و می تواند همراه با چندین درمان مختلف باروری استفاده شود. بسیاری از پزشکان باروری به تجویز لتروزول همراه با درمان های زیر روی آوردند:
- مقاربت به موقع
- لقاح داخل رحمی (IUI)
- لقاح آزمایشگاهی (IVF)
مقاربت به موقع با لتروزول (Femara) برای باروری:
مقاربت به موقع ساده ترین درمان باروری موجود است. لتروزول در طول چرخه های مقاربتی به موقع برای تحریک تولید تخمک و تحریک تخمک گذاری استفاده می شود.
در طول یک چرخه مقاربتی به موقع، پزشکان از سونوگرافی و نظارت بر فرآیند خون (یا حتی یک کیت پیش بینی تخمکگذاری خانگی) برای نظارت بر رشد فولیکولی و رشد تخمک استفاده می کنند. با نظارت بر رشد تخمک و سطوح هورمونی، پزشکان می توانند زمانی را که احتمال تخمک گذاری برای زنان وجود دارد (زمانی که احتمال لقاح برای زنان بیشتر است) شناسایی کنند. همین به زوج ها این امکان را می دهد تا در آن زمان رابطه جنسی داشته باشند، که بهترین شانس را برای باردار شدن به آنها می دهد.
تحقیقات نشان دادند که درمان با لتروزول ممکن است برای بیماران مبتلا به ناباروری غیرقابل توضیح که تحت درمان مقاربتی به موقع هستند، موثرتر از کلومید باشد. در یک مطالعه، بیماران تحت درمان با لتروزول در مقایسه با گروه Clomid، بهبود قابل توجهی را در ضخامت آندومتر و پاسخ فولیکولی نشان دادند. میزان حاملگی بالینی قابل توجه در گروه Letrozole در مقایسه با گروه Clomid به ترتیب 15.0% و 11.8% بیشتر بوده است.
برای زنانی که ناباروری آنها ناشی از اختلال تخمک گذاری است معمولاً لتروزول همراه با درمان مقاربتی به موقع تجویز می شود.
لقاح داخل رحمی (IUI):
درمان IUI معمولاً به زوج هایی توصیه می شود که بعد از چند دوره مقاربتی نتوانستند باردار شوند یا برای زوج هایی تجویز می شود که شریک مرد ممکن است مشکلات حرکت اسپرم داشته باشد. مشابه چرخه مقاربتی به موقع، لتروزول ممکن است در کنار درمان IUI برای تحریک رشد تخمک و کمک به زمان تخمک گذاری مناسب با تلقیح تجویز شود.
در طول درمان IUI، اسپرم جمعآوری، تغلیظ و به رحم زن سپرده می شود. هدف از درمان IUI افزایش تعداد اسپرم هایی است که به رحم و سپس لوله های فالوپ می رسند تا شانس لقاح موفقیت آمیز را افزایش دهد. لتروزول برای افزایش تعداد تخمک های در دسترس برای لقاح و بهبود تخمک گذاری استفاده می شود. هنگامی که تخمک های بیشتری تولید می شود، هدف بیشتری برای دریافت اسپرم در دسترس است.
لتروزول می تواند پذیرش آندومتر را با افزایش ضخامت آندومتر و جریان خون بهبود بخشد. در یک مطالعه، محققان اثرات ضخامت آندومتر را بر نتایج بارداری پس از IUI اندازهگیری کردند. نتایج این مطالعه ارتباط مثبت بین ضخامت آندومتر و نتیجه بارداری را نشان داد.
این توانایی لتروزول در بهبود وضعیت اندومتر بیانگر علت میزان بارداری بیشتر در بیماران تحت درمان با لتروزول، IUI نسبت به بیماران تحت درمان با Clomid است.
داروهای گنادوتروپین نیز ممکن است با چرخه IUI استفاده شوند. اگرچه لتروزول گزینه بسیار مقرون به صرفه تری است. محققان دریافتند که درمان با لتروزول می تواند به رشد چند فولیکولی با هزینه قابل توجهی کمتر از گنادوتروپین ها کمک کند. رشد چند فولیکولی با درمان IUI مفید است. زیرا می تواند منجر به تخمک گذاری بیشتر شود.
لقاح آزمایشگاهی (IVF):
لقاح آزمایشگاهی موثرترین درمان باروری است. این روش شامل یک فرآیند چند هفته یا ماه است که در آن تخمک ها از تخمدان های یک ماده خارج می شوند، با اسپرم در پتری دیش بارور می شوند، برای چندین روز (معمولاً 3-5) در آزمایشگاه رشد می کنند. سپس برای ادامه بارداری (رشد) به رحم زن منتقل می شوند.
IVF همراه با بسیاری از پروتکل های دارویی، از جمله درمان لتروزول استفاده می شود. پزشکان باروری ممکن است لتروزول را همراه با IVF یا درمان مینی IVF برای تحریک تخمک گذاری و افزایش تولید تخمک تجویز کنند.
لتروزول به ویژه برای تحریک تخمک گذاری در بیمارانی که به داروهای گنادوتروپین حساس هستند یا افرادی که در معرض خطر تحریک بیش از حد هستند و قصد انجام درمان IVF را دارند مفید است. در موارد دیگر، پزشکان باروری ممکن است لتروزول را همراه با گنادوتروپین ها برای بیماران تحت درمان IVF تجویز کنند.
در یک مطالعه، محققان اثرات ترکیب درمان لتروزول و گنادوتروپین را بررسی کردند. به این صورت که بیماران را فقط با گنادوتروپین یا گنادوتروپین و لتروزول درمان کردند. نتایج مطالعه نشان داد زمانی که لتروزول همراه با گنادوتروپین ها استفاده می شود، میزان نیاز به گنادوتروپین را کاهش میابد. بدون اینکه تاثیر منفی بر میزان بارداری داشته باشد.
پروتکل های لتروزول و دوز
لتروزول معمولاً به صورت قرص خوراکی 2.5 میلی گرمی یافت می شود. پزشکان باروری بر اساس زمان شروع قاعدگی، زمان شروع مصرف Femara را به بیماران دیکته می کنند. به طور کلی، لتروزول در یک دوره پنج روز متوالی مصرف می شود. مصرف دارو معمولاً در روزهای 2، 3، 4 یا 5 سیکل زن شروع می شود و تا روز 6، 7، 8 یا 9 (بسته به زمان شروع آن) ادامه می یابد.
پروتکل و دوزهای لتروزول (Femara) برای باروری:
لتروزول معمولاً به صورت قرص خوراکی 2.5 میلی گرمی یافت می شود. پزشکان باروری بر اساس زمان شروع قاعدگی، زمان شروع مصرف Femara (لتروزول) را به بیماران تجویز می کنند. به طور کلی، لتروزول در یک دوره پنج روز متوالی مصرف می شود. مصرف دارو معمولاً در روزهای 2، 3، 4 یا 5 سیکل زن شروع می شود و تا روز 6، 7، 8 یا 9 (بسته به زمان شروع آن) ادامه می یابد.
اگر فرد در حال انجام یک چرخه مقاربتی به موقع باشد، تاریخ شروع Femara به او نشان می دهد که چه زمانی باید رابطه جنسی داشته باشد تا شانس باردار شدن او افزایش یابد. در طول یک چرخه طبیعی 28 روزه، زنان در روز 14 تخمک گذاری می کنند یا تخمک آزاد می کنند. این مرحله شروع فاز لوتئال اوست. یعنی زمانی که می تواند باردار شود. در یک چرخه دارویی Femara (لتروزول)، زنان تقریباً 7-10 روز پس از شروع مصرف دارو تخمک گذاری می کنند. پزشکان باروری رشد فولیکول های بیمار را پس از 5 تا 7 روز بررسی می کنند تا زمان شروع تخمکگذاری را بسنجند.
درمان با لتروزول (Femara) برای باروری
اگر فرد درمان لتروزول را در روز سوم سیکل خود شروع کند، احتمالا بین روزهای 10-13 تخمک گذاری او شروع می شود. اگر فرد درمان با لتروزول را در روز پنجم سیکل خود شروع کند، احتمالا بین روزهای 12 تا 15 تخمک گذاری شروع می شود. از آنجایی که تخمک ها فقط 12 تا 48 ساعت پس از تخمک گذاری باقی می مانند و می توانند بارور شوند، درک زمان چرخه شریک زن بسیار مهم است. برای اطمینان از اینکه اسپرم زمان کافی برای رسیدن به تخمک دارد، زوجین باید 2 تا 3 روز قبل از تخمک گذاری رابطه جنسی داشته باشند.
اگر بیمار تحت درمان IUI یا IVF باشد، زمان تخمک گذاری او برای تعیین زمان انجام درمان مهم است.
در نتیجه به طور کلی لتروزول یک داروی مفید برای باروری است که روز به روز محبوب تر می شود. لتروزول ممکن است نتایج مشابهی با سایر داروهای خوراکی باروری مانند: کلومید (کلومیفن) با عوارض جانبی کمتر داشته باشد. این می تواند همراه با چندین درمان مختلف باروری مورد استفاده قرار گیرد و گزینه بسیار مقرون به صرفه تری نسبت به داروهای تزریقی مانند: گنادوتروپین ها است.
مصرف لتروزول مانند: تمام داروها، نیاز به تجویز پزشک دارد تا در بهبود باروری تاثیرگذار باشد.
مطالب مشابه:Il mio bimbo di 13 giorni mangia ancora la quantità di latte che prendeva quando è nato. Non so cosa fare, sono preoccupata… È normale?
Salve neomamma e congratulazioni. Dipende se il latte è materno o artificiale. Se è materno, i bambini si autoregolano. Controlli la crescita settimanale: deve aver ripreso il peso della nascita (entro il quindicesimo giorno) dopo il calo fisiologico. Non servono le doppie pesate a meno che lei non senta poco latte o il bimbo non cresca. Con la doppia pesata capisce la quantità di latte che prende il piccolo. Se invece lo alimenta solo con il latte artificiale, la dose di latte aumenta, superata la prima settimana di vita, con l'aumento del peso. Ci sono formule matematiche che danno la dose di latte e il numero delle poppate a seconda del peso e dell'età. Se invece, pur alimentato con latte artificiale, non lo assume in quantità sufficiente per l'età come indicato dal pediatra vanno escluse infezioni delle vie urinarie, reflusso gastroesofageo, intolleranza/allergia alle proteine del latte ecc. Ma l'importante è la crescita! La controlli con attenzione.
BimbiSani&belli cercherà la risposta che desideri, consultando fonti autorevoli e attendibili.
Il servizio è riservato ai maggiorenni.By definition eLearning have a more personalized learning environment. What’s interesting is that students actually have to contribute to this process, becoming responsible participants in the educational development and planning. Be careful, learning styles has nothing to do with the concept of Individualized Learning Plans! I highly encourage you to read The Myth of Learning Styles for more information concerning the debunking of Learning Styles.
The Individualized Learning Plan educational technique follows a very specific structure, which is divided in 4 stages:
- Initially, the learner’s needs are identified and recorded, with the cooperation of parents, instructors, consultants, and ILP experts.
- Subsequently, the curriculum undergoes the necessary adjustments, based on the above mentioned needs, while educational goals are set on an annual, long or short-term basis.
- The third stage includes the completion and implementation of the Individualized Learning Plan, by determining what needs to be taught, the priorities that should be given and the appropriate methodology that should be followed.
- The final stage includes the monitoring and evaluation of the individualized plan’s outcome, based on the initial goals, which includes the assessment of the program’s effectiveness, the creation of problem-solving strategies, and perhaps the development of new goals, activities or methods.
We shouldn’t also forget that an Individualized Learning Plan should be:
- Flexible and oriented towards the learner’s future endeavors
- Focused on the learner’s potential and dynamics
- Adjusted to the student’s age and learning profile
- Holistic, but at the same time relevant to the learner’s education and background
The Value of Individualized Learning Plans
Based on the statistics provided by the US Department of Labor, the ILP movement started circa 1990s, with many states actually requiring their use, such as South Carolina, Washington and New Mexico. Students found great value in the self-evaluation section of the ILP that helps them determine their interests, while through this process they could also comprehend the connection between the courses they choose and their specific individual goals. According to the same statistics and research, learners were undoubtedly more focused and also linked their career choices with future salaries. Moreover, they were more flexible and open to alternative options and paths.
There is no doubt that ILPs will always depend on a special and sometimes substantial funding, due to the number of people that should be involved in the process. However, since educational technology becomes more and more affordable, it will be a lot easier to promote customized learning and training on a wider spectrum of audience. Let’s not forget about the growing popularity of eLearning proving that distance and individualized learning will soon be a well established preferred practice.Partiamo dal presupposto che non esistono "oggetti " nella nostra esperienza che non abbiano forma, ciņ e' quantomeno impossibile, tuttavia possiamo riconoscere delle forme (o figure) geometriche che potremmo definire primarie. Riconoscersi in una forma piuttosto che in un'altra non č del tutto indifferente, spesso caratteristiche che attribuiamo alle "forme" rispecchiano caratteri del nostro comportamento.ayoot در: سه شنبه ۲۴ شهریور ۱۳۹۴ در ۱۱:۲۸ ب٫ظ #7338
سلام
من میخواستم یه فرم درست کنم که یه سری گزینه داشته باشه (لیست کشویی مثلا- drop-down) بعد با انتخاب برخی گزینه ها جواب فرم این باشه که شما صلاحیت دارید و یه لینک نشون طرف بده و در صورتی که طرف گزینه های دیگه رو انتخاب کنه ب جواب فرم شما صلاحیت ندارید و لینکی نشونش نده چظور میتونم این کارو انجام بدم؟船锚纹身
现在流行文化图案随着时间的变化从源古纹身时代的意义，进化成为了具有现代意义的不同纹身图案。现代文化图案众多，有很大一部分人群不知道图案下面具有的真实意义。
船锚的纹身可以说是从远古到现代都比较流行的一个纹身图案，在那时，锚本身的一个多世纪里，它仍然象征的是一个公认的航海标志。一想到锚大家肯定就会联想到是一名水手，也许你不具备成为一名水手的条件，但是你的身体却可以得到一个漂亮的船锚纹身。
锚是钢铁制的停船器具，用铁链连在船上，抛到水底，可以使船停稳。船锚是船停泊时所用的设备。船锚对于船相当于汽车中的手刹车，是确保船舶安全的一种不可缺少的设备。船锚的作用主要就是固定、稳定船的，锚要起作用，最好是在水里面钩住固定的东西。
锚纹身的意义众多，它可以代表着任何的东西，一般代表着：稳定、忠诚、热爱、自豪、实力、力量、保护、一个坚实的基础，或者在不少人心中它代表着一种希望。而从爱情的角度考虑，如果有男士送船锚饰品给女士，就是希望能够成为女士停泊的港湾。如果您喜欢这种积极的力量，那么不妨让自己在纹身店拥有一个锚的纹身吧。This tool has been launched by The Coalition for Children Affected by AIDS. It is designed for care workers to use when faced with an ethical dilemma in their work with children and families of key populations, such as people living with HIV, sex workers or people who use drugs. The tool includes example dilemmas and how they were resolved, a code of ethics, standalone worksheets, video clips, and ‘orientation slides’ to help people deliver a 3-hour orientation to their colleagues.
The tool is important for care workers because it allows them – through following a logical step-by-step process – to think about and discuss how decisions how decisions can be influenced by our environment and by personal biases and judgments about key populations, whether they are children or adults. This tool is important to key populations because it is a way to identify and minimise the harm and stigma clients experience when receiving care.
The guidance was prepared with input from global advocacy groups, care workers and care worker organisations working in Africa, North and South America, Central and Eastern Europe, the Caribbean, and Asia-Pacific (including Central Asia)
The Coalition worked with key population networks and community-based organisations to test and improve the tool in four languages and five countries.
As part of this toolkit you can also download the “Difficult-Decisions” in booklet layout (here); a stand-alone, editable MS Word Document containing “The Four-Step Tool” (here); and you can download the Orientation Slides (PowerPoint format from here Orientation Slides) to help you deliver a 3-hour orientation to your colleagues, and to implement the use of the guidance in your organisation.
You can download this 69 page document above. This resource is in English.A flight over the state of Oregon reveals a checker board of clear cut landscape however these scars are rarely seen when driving because large 'buffers' of vegetation are kept along most roads. While driving along the central Oregon coast, I pulled over and walked 20 meters off the road to find miles of clear cut landscape. After every tree on the hill is cut, the area is replanted with a single fast growing species. The result is a green slope lacking any significant biodiversity. Yes, timber is a resource. But clear cutting is not the answer. Selective cutting could utilize this resource without wreaking havoc on the environment.- 1 MEDICINAL PROPERTIES OF SWEET POTATOES
- 2 BENEFITS OF SWEET POTATOES
MEDICINAL PROPERTIES OF SWEET POTATOES
BENEFITS OF SWEET POTATOES
Sweet potatoes are good for the skin
Sweet potato is one of the richest vegetable in tocopherol, an antioxidant vitamin that helps maintain healthy skin and improves wound healing.
Furthermore, because of its contribution in folic acid, is an ideal food in pregnancy, for a balanced diet and to prevent stretch marks during pregnancy.
In the image: sweet potato tubers (Ipomoea batatas)
There are also some folk remedies in which the plant leaves are crushed and mixed with an ointment, used to treat skin rashes.
Sweet potatoes are good for a better vision
Like all foods rich in vitamin A as carotene, sweet potato is a beneficial food for eye health. It is suitable in the diet for cataracts, glaucoma, night blindness and generally to help treat diseases of vision.
Sweet potatoes take care of your cardiovascular health
The flashy color of this tuber just announces its richness in antioxidants. Indeed, sweet potato is a valuable food for its
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their analytical abilities, machine learning algorithms are also very efficient at making predictions. This is because they can learn from past data and identify patterns that are likely to occur again in the future. For example, machine learning can be used to predict the future behavior of particles in an accelerator, or the outcome of an experiment.
Machine learning is a rapidly growing field with many potential applications in physics. As machine learning algorithms become more sophisticated, they will continue to provide physicists with new ways to understand and predict the behavior of the universe.
Drawbacks of Using Machine Learning in Physics
Machine learning has shown great promise in a number of fields, from medical diagnosis to stock market predictions. However, there are also a number of potential drawbacks to using machine learning in physics.
One potential issue is that machine learning algorithms can be very data intensive. In order to train a machine learning algorithm, you need a large dataset to work with. This can be a problem in physics, where data is often scarce.
Another potential problem is that machine learning algorithms can be susceptible to overfitting. This means that they may learn the patterns in the training data too well, and not be able to generalize to new data. This can be a particular problem in physics, where the underlying laws of nature may be different than what is observed in the training data.
Finally, machine learning algorithms can be difficult to interpret. This is because they often operate by finding patterns in data that are too complex for humans to understand. This lack of interpretability can make it difficult to trust the results of machine learning applications in physics.
In the final analysis, machine learning is a powerful tool that has been applied to many different areas of physics. It has been used to study the structure of matter, understand the behavior of particles, and predict the behavior of complex systems. Machine learning will continue to play an important role in physics as we strive to understand the world around us.
Keyword: Machine Learning Applications in PhysicsBu yer hakkında her şeyi çok sevdik. Tarihi sevimli, cana yakın personel, çok sayıda sandviç, yüksek kaliteli ve taze. Burada hatalı olamazsınız! Nakit getirin çünkü kredi kartı alın. Çünkü burada sayısız kez geri dönmek için bir sürü para getirin.
1-10/50 yorum
Bu yer hakkında her şeyi çok sevdik. Tarihi sevimli, cana yakın personel, çok sayıda sandviç, yüksek kaliteli ve taze. Burada hatalı olamazsınız! Nakit getirin çünkü kredi kartı alın. Çünkü burada sayısız kez geri dönmek için bir sürü para getirin.
Biz buraya her zaman leland gidin. Tarafından geçirerek pretzela ekmek olağanüstü. Herhangi bir sandviç alın, harika olacaktır. Hatları genellikle uzun ve nakit ödeme yapmak zorunda. . . Buna değer.
Şehirdeki konuşun, bu yer sandviç sipariş hattı! ! Şaka yapıyorsunuz değil! ! Orada çok kez hatları dışında ve dolambaçlı etrafında yürüyüş yolunun üzerinde! ! Önemli ipucu - - - - - sipariş sandviç tarafından geçirerek pretzela bir çörek karışımı! ! Aman tanrım! Türkiye'de alt aldım...bir şey, sanırım adı verilen northshore - - - - tarafından geçirerek pretzela bir çörek karışımı! Leziz! ! ! Herkes vejetaryen kızım da dahil olmak üzere çeşitli sandviç çok sevdik! İyi bir personel! Bir sandviç gitmek gerekir! ! !Devamı
Çok iyi yiyecek Munch dockside veya yolda yanınızda veya tekne. Bir sürü peynir ve seçenekler. Fiyatlar iyi.
Sandviçler lezzetli ve oldukça temiz. Ben burada tekrar gideceğim için başka bir şey deneyin. Çok fazla bir şey yok, oda içinde, ama yemekler güzel.
Kızım ve ben Riverside Inn'de 3 gece kaldık ve bu dükkan sandviç 3 kez!! Bunlar o kadar iyi! Ev yapımı tarafından geçirerek pretzela ekmek inanılmaz ve eve ekmek satın almak istedim fakat satmak. Tekrar ziyaret etmek için en kısa zamanda görüşmek üzere!!
Northshore sandviç vardı ve harikaydı ... Türkiye'de, domuz pastırması, İsviçre tarafından geçirerek pretzela bir çörek karışımı. Sıcakkanlı personel. Hızlı bir sandviç veya Pita için harika bir yer.
Bu bir bölgede. Lezzetli sandviçler ve harika peynir ve içecek seçenekleri. Kapın mükemmel bir öğle yemeği sahilde veya kum tepelerini gitmeden önce.
Geniş et ve peynir. Sipariş vermek için yapılan sandviçler beklerken. Çok sınırlı bir alan beklemek hazırlıklı olun. Yakınlarda piknik masaları, ama dükkan yemek için yeterli alan yok. Geniş sandviç. İçecekler, bira ve kurabiye sandviç. Dost canlısı, yardımsever hizmet.
Çok popüler bir yer ve neden bir sandviç alın. Ekmek, et, peynir ve hamuru, harika. Bütün bir aile, ancak besleme sandviç. Neredeyse bütün her şey ve eş bitirmek için onun. Çok iyi bir zevke hitap ediyor. Çerezler, özel bir şey yok ... Otis Spunkmeyer tipi....Coleslaw mavi peynir giyinme, biraz acı tarafı ve kaplama. Sandviç için kesin, bu nedenle yemek yemek için daha kolay olurdu!DevamıLa vigilanza perpetua da parte dei cittadini può ottenere ciò che mille leggi e decine di uffici fatti di lettere acronime, con orde di impiegati, non hanno mai ottenuto e mai otterranno: la conservazione di una moneta sana - Ludwig von Mises, Teoria della moneta e del credito[1]
Introduzione
Lo stato primordiale dell'uomo è la povertà. La natura non perdona la scarsità di mezzi disponibili. Su una quantità fissa di terra con una quantità fissa di tecnologia, c'è un limite fisico alla produzione di lavoro. Come osserva Hans-Hermann Hoppe:
Esiste un solo modo per una società così stazionaria di aumentare ulteriormente il reddito reale pro capite o di crescere in dimensioni senza una perdita di reddito pro capite: attraverso l'innovazione tecnologica, cioè con l'impiego di strumenti migliori e più efficienti, resi possibili dal risparmio derivante dall'astensione dal piacere o da altri consumi immediati.
Egli conclude che solo attraverso il processo di abbassamento della preferenza temporale, in modo da accumulare una quantità crescente di beni capitali e tecnologia, è stato possibile uscire dalla trappola malthusiana imposta dai limiti delle risorse immediatamente disponibili, dando il via alla rivoluzione industriale. [2]
Senza una certa quantità di capitale e di produzione, gli standard di vita che diamo per scontati non sono fisicamente possibili. Durante la Rivoluzione industriale molti bambini erano costretti a trovare lavoro in fabbriche pericolose per contribuire al reddito della famiglia. La via d'uscita era quella che George Reisman chiamava 'la teoria della produttività dei salari'. Un aumento della produttività, attraverso l'accumulo di capitale, significa che ogni unità monetaria guadagnata può fruttare più beni di consumo sul mercato. Grazie a questo processo le famiglie potevano guadagnare abbastanza risorse con meno salariati. I bambini potevano andarsene dalle fabbriche e in generale ci si poteva permettere più tempo libero. [3]
Tuttavia, gli strumenti sono solo dei mezzi e un'ideologia pubblica può impedirne l'uso più produttivo. Mark Thornton fa notare che l'uso ripugnante del lavoro degli schiavi, pur essendo reso sempre meno redditizio dal progresso industriale nel processo sopra descritto, rimase in pratica fino alla sua violenta e sanguinosa abolizione, a causa dell'intervento aggressivo dello stato sotto forma di pattuglie di schiavi obbligatorie e di divieto di manomissione privata degli schiavi. [4]
Il progresso, quindi, sembra richiedere tre cose: l'accumulo di capitale, avanzamento tecnologico e un'ideologia pubblica che lo sostenga. Bisogna produrre più strumenti, inventarne di migliori e la gente deve sapere e voler usare i propri strumenti.
La trappola malthusiana è stata spezzata, ma non è chiaro se l'umanità abbia o meno il potenziale per una cooperazione ancora più ricca. Data l'ubiquità del denaro in un'economia, in quanto grande facilitatore della divisione del lavoro che consente qualsiasi sviluppo economico, si tratta di una tecnologia matura per l'innovazione.
Le origini del denaro
In un mondo privo di incertezza, non c'è bisogno di denaro. Ludwig von Mises descrive lo stato ipotetico di quella che chiama 'economia uniformemente rotante' nell'Azione Umana come privo di cambiamenti e quindi di incertezza. In questo equilibrio non c'è azione, perché tutta la conoscenza di quando e come allocare e scambiare le risorse è già nota.
Nel mondo reale, però, non conosciamo il futuro. Ci troviamo di fronte all'incertezza e abbiamo pochi mezzi per affrontarla. Le circostanze e le preferenze possono cambiare in qualsiasi momento, sia per noi che per gli altri. Per questo motivo dobbiamo prepararci. [5] Non possiamo affidarci allo scambio diretto per ottenere le risorse che desideriamo, a causa di quello che viene chiamato il problema della doppia coincidenza dei desideri. Gli altri potrebbero non avere quello che vogliamo noi, o potrebbero non volere quello che abbiamo noi, e viceversa. Per far fronte a questa incertezza, iniziamo ad acquistare beni, non per il loro bene, ma perché pensiamo che abbiano maggiori probabilità di essere desiderati da coloro con cui desideriamo scambiare. Questi beni possono essere classificati come 'mezzi di scambio'.
Non tutti i beni sono utili come tali. Se il bene non è durevole, l'attore non può essere certo che sarà ancora utile nel momento in cui vorrà scambiarlo in futuro. Se non è trasportabile, potrebbe non essere disponibile nel luogo in cui vuole commerciare in futuro. Se non è divisibile, potrebbe non essere disponibile nella quantità che vuole negoziare in futuro. Un attore sceglierà un bene che gestisca al meglio queste incertezze e che rimanga vendibile per un tempo, spazio e scala maggiori possibili. Come sottolinea Mises in The Theory of Money and Credit, «è inevitabile che i beni meno commerciabili di una serie di mezzi di scambio vengano uno dopo l'altro scartati, finché alla fine rimane un solo bene, universalmente impiegato come mezzo di scambio: in una parola, il denaro» [6].
Storicamente, questa competizione di mercato per il bene più vendibile si è concentrata sull'oro, a causa delle sue desiderabili proprietà fisiche: basso tasso di crescita dell'offerta, durata, malleabilità, ecc. Tuttavia, se queste proprietà erano vantaggiose all'epoca, evidentemente non sono state sufficienti nel lungo periodo.
Lo stato e le sue motivazioni
Le imprese produttive sono vincolate da mezzi economici pacifici, perché sono soggette alla proprietà privata, ai capricci della domanda dei consumatori e non possono ricorrere alla concorrenza se non per migliorarsi riducendo i costi di produzione e aumentando la qualità. Lo stato, invece, non ha questi vincoli. In quanto monopolio territoriale del processo decisionale finale, opera con mezzi coercitivi. Gli individui e le imprese sono costretti a pagare per la sua esistenza attraverso la tassazione e altre forme di espropriazione, una dimostrazione a priori del fatto che lo stato non fornisce servizi effettivamente richiesti da operazioni di mercato pacifiche. L'esproprio normativo e fiscale non solo fornisce allo stato una rendita, ma gli fornisce anche un meccanismo per limitare la concorrenza.
Tuttavia, come spiega Hans-Hermann Hoppe, la violenza da sola non può spiegare il successo continuo di uno stato, che deve affrontare un altro tipo di vincolo, quello dell'opinione pubblica. [7] Perché possa operare come fa
...uno stato deve avere il sostegno dell'opinione pubblica oltre alla forza coercitiva. La maggioranza della popolazione deve accettare le sue operazioni come legittime. Questa accettazione può variare dall'entusiasmo attivo alla rassegnazione passiva. Ma l'accettazione deve essere nel senso che la maggioranza deve aver rinunciato all'idea di resistere attivamente o passivamente a qualsiasi tentativo di imporre acquisizioni di proprietà non produttive e non contrattuali. Invece di mostrare indignazione per queste azioni, di mostrare disprezzo per tutti coloro che le intraprendono e di non fare nulla per contribuire al loro successo (per non parlare del tentativo attivo di ostacolarle), la maggioranza deve sostenerle attivamente o passivamente. L'opinione pubblica che sostiene lo stato deve controbilanciare la resistenza dei proprietari di immobili vittimizzati in modo tale che la resistenza attiva appaia futile. L'obiettivo dello stato, quindi, ma anche di ogni dipendente statale che voglia contribuire a garantire e migliorare la propria posizione all'interno dello stato, è e deve essere quello di massimizzare la ricchezza e il reddito acquisiti con lo sfruttamento, producendo un'opinione pubblica favorevole e creando legittimità.
Per questo motivo, lo stato ha un desiderio naturale di limitare la concorrenza che può minacciare la sua legittimità, così come di ridistribuire 'parte della sua ricchezza ottenuta con la coercizione, a persone al di fuori dell'apparato statale, cercando così di corromperle affinché assumano ruoli di supporto allo stato'. Lo stato mira innanzitutto alla monopolizzazione della legge e della sicurezza, come mezzo per eseguire e far rispettare l'espropriazione, nonostante l'aggressione ai diritti di proprietà naturale. Un altro obiettivo chiave è l'istruzione, in modo da inculcare nella cittadinanza il sostegno ideologico allo stato e alle sue azioni.
Il potere dello Stato moderno si basa sulla monopolizzazione di una particolare industria: quella monetaria e bancaria.
La monopolizzazione del denaro e delle banche è l'ultimo pilastro su cui poggia lo stato moderno. Anzi, probabilmente è diventato lo strumento più caro per aumentare le entrate statali. In nessun altro luogo, infatti, lo stato può stabilire una connessione tra redistribuzione-spesa e sfruttamento-rendimento in modo più diretto, rapido e sicuro che monopolizzando il denaro e le banche.
Se uno stato riesce a stabilire una moneta a corso fisso completamente monopolizzata, può contraffarla a piacimento. Attraverso l'inflazione monetaria sotto forma di contraffazione (producendo più unità monetarie senza un'offerta aggiuntiva del bene sottostante), può ridistribuire indirettamente la ricchezza dall'economia a se stesso a basso costo e senza temere la bancarotta.
Tuttavia, Hoppe sottolinea che ci sono ostacoli al processo di monopolizzazione del denaro. In primo luogo, la moneta (intesa come materia prima) è prodotta dal mercato, piuttosto che dallo stato. In secondo luogo, sebbene l'inflazione non sia così evidente come la tassazione, sarà comunque percepita e notata, soprattutto dalle banche. Pertanto lo stato è limitato tra le sue funzioni di originare moneta-materia-prima e dall'ideologia pubblica, 'e quindi è anche impossibile per lo stato farla franca con la contraffazione istituzionalizzata, a meno che non possa essere combinata con misure redistributive che siano in grado di portare un altro cambiamento favorevole nell'opinione pubblica'.
Con l'oro come scelta storica del libero mercato per la moneta, lo stato ha cercato di sfruttare le sue vulnerabilità, in particolare la sua mancanza di vendibilità dovuta alle sue qualità fisiche che non sono in grado di alleviare l'incertezza economica.
L'oro non ha risolto il problema
Hoppe inizia a tracciare il processo di monopolizzazione:
In una prima fase, la coniazione dell'oro deve essere monopolizzata dallo stato. Questo serve a deinternazionalizzare psicologicamente l'oro, spostando l'accento dall'oro denominato in termini di peso universale all'oro denominato in termini di etichette fiat. E rimuove un primo importante ostacolo alla contraffazione, perché dà allo stato i mezzi istituzionali per arricchirsi attraverso un processo sistematico di svalutazione della moneta
Sebbene l'oro abbia molte proprietà fondamentali di una moneta, la verifica dell'oro ricevuto negli scambi è molto costosa. Dato il valore che un bene deve necessariamente avere se è un mezzo di scambio generalmente accettato, non è solo lo stato a voler contraffare la moneta. Tutti i pagamenti ricevuti dovrebbero essere sospetti. Mentre alcuni test di base possono essere fatti da un individuo normale, nessuno di questi processi avviene in modo automatico. Nel peggiore dei casi, soprattutto per i pagamenti di importo elevato, per avere la certezza di possedere davvero l'oro che si crede di aver ricevuto è necessario effettuare analisi chimiche molto costose, che richiedono professionisti qualificati e attrezzature sofisticate. Il metodo standard più elevato è il saggio a fuoco o coppellazione, che richiede la fusione dell'oro per pesarlo e rifonderlo. [8] Ciò significa che sia l'acquirente che il venditore non possono essere certi che lo scambio sia avvenuto. Il venditore di un bene non può essere certo di ricevere in pagamento l'intera (o una qualsiasi) somma d'oro, e l'acquirente non può sapere che non sta usando denaro falso dopo essere stato frodato in una precedente transazione.
In passato questa incertezza era ridotta al minimo da una zecca, che poteva produrre monete d'oro standardizzate di una certa qualità e con un design riconoscibile e familiare che poteva persino aiutare una persona a capire se era stata manomessa, come ad esempio le creste sulla parte esterna che sarebbero state levigate se qualcuno avesse provato a limare la moneta. Queste zecche guadagnavano un signoraggio fissando il prezzo delle monete a un livello superiore rispetto alla reale composizione del metallo. Allo stesso tempo, la fiducia nella zecca poteva essere abusata. Le zecche potevano ritirare le monete dalla circolazione, diminuire la composizione effettiva dell'oro e dell'argento e poi reintrodurre le monete con lo stesso prezzo, guadagnando così più signoraggio dallo svilimento delle stesse monete. Potrebbero anche emettere più monete di quanto la quantità effettiva di metallo cons
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and junk foods - everything from soft drinks and juices to salad dressings, ketchup, jams, jellies and ice cream.
HFCS contains 14 percent fructose. Never before in history have so many people been consuming so much fructose. I am concerned about its possible disruptive effects on metabolism, including its potential to cause insulin resistance. Along with a growing number of experts, I believe that HFCS is a chief driver of the obesity epidemic in this country, particularly of childhood obesity. I deplore our government's role in making HFCS so cheap through federal subsidies of corn production.
In general, it is best to cut down on foods to which any sweeteners have been added. All of them contribute to the obesity epidemic that is threatening the health of so many Americans. But HFCS is the worst, different from and possibly more dangerous than ordinary corn syrup. I urge you not to buy products made with it and not to let your kids eat them. HFCS is a marker of low-quality foods. Avoid them.
Andrew Weil, M.D.Some women have longed to live in a world without men, but they have always conceded that their need for men was a reflection of their need to reproduce the species. Now, a team of British scientists may have created an environment where human sperm could be readily produced using abundant embryonic stem cells.
While this may sound like something out of a science fiction novel, the claim is real and was announced by researchers working out of Newcastle University.
"They stressed that the sperm, developed from stem cells with XY chromosomes (male), would not be used for fertility treatment, as this is prohibited by British law and in any case is not their main interest," AFP reported.
The discovery has particular applications for the understanding of infertility in men.
"This is an important development as it will allow researchers to study in detail how sperm forms and lead to a better understanding of infertility in men -- why it happens and what is causing it," Professor Karim Nayernia, leader of the research team, told AFP. "This understanding could help us develop new ways to help couples suffering infertility so they can have a child which is genetically their own."
And while the announcement has remarkable implications across a host of scientific, social, and ethical questions, not everyone in the scientific community was convinced.
"As a sperm biologist of 20 years' experience, I am unconvinced from the data presented in this paper that the cells produced by Professor Nayernia's group from embryonic stem cells can be accurately called 'spermatozoa'," said Dr Allen Pacey, senior lecturer in andrology at the University of Sheffield, according to AFP. "While the cells produced may possess some of the distinctive genetic features and molecular markers seen in sperm, fully differentiated human spermatozoa have specific cellular morphology, behaviour and function that are not described here."I sali di magnesio degli acidi grassi, indicati dalla sigla E470b, sono un composto contenente magnesio e acidi grassi, che possono essere acido palmitico, acido stearico o acidi grassi animali. A temperatura ambiente, i sali si presentano come una polvere bianca, insapore e inodore. La sostanza è anche nota come stearato di magnesio.
Nelle compresse e nelle capsule, i sali di magnesio degli acidi grassi sono un riempitivo che aiuta a legare insieme i principi attivi.
Nell’organismo, i sali di magnesio degli acidi grassi non si comportano diversamente dagli altri grassi alimentari; pertanto, non esiste alcuna restrizione legale sulla quantità di sali che può essere assunta. I sali di magnesio degli acidi grassi possono provenire da fonti sia animali che vegetali.
I sali utilizzati da Pharma Nord sono realizzati tramite un processo industriale in cui l'acido stearico è legato chimicamente all'ossido di magnesio.
La fonte dell'acido stearico è vegetale ed è a base di olio di palma (sostenibile). In generale, l’acido stearico può essere prodotto anche dall’olio di semi di cotone o dall’olio di cocco. L'acido stearico vegetale, prodotto mediante idrogenazione dell'olio vegetale, non influisce negativamente sull'equilibrio del colesterolo nell’organismo.
Sono stati espressi timori su eventuali problemi di salute causati dai sali di magnesio degli acidi grassi, ma è stato dimostrato come ciò non corrisponda al vero; con un dosaggio eccessivo, tutto può divenire tossico. Per quanto riguarda i sali di magnesio degli acidi grassi, dovrebbero essere assunti quotidianamente 2500 mg della sostanza per chilogrammo di peso corporeo per notare un incipiente effetto tossico.1873
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1965
包志理在中國開創了兩個門諾宗差會，並為門諾宗在其他方面的發展奠定了基礎。
1904
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2001
著名美國宣教士；基督教文字宣教的先驅。先後在四川、貴州、香港等地宣教；曾任宣道出版社社長；創刊並出任《聖經報》主編，將其一生奉獻給中國人民。
1840
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1904
十九世紀美國傳教士，先後接受美國美以美會和加拿大英美會差遣來華宣教，在華從事宣教、教育和醫療事業共36載，對開闢美以美會江西教區和華中教區、加拿大英美會的華西教區貢獻甚大。
1902
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1932
內地會加拿大女宣教士。曾先後在中國四川彭山和邛州宣教約七年之久，最後因感染霍亂而獻出自己年輕的生命。
1606
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1682
明末在華天主教耶穌會傳教士、翻譯家、神學家。
1879
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1920
內地會英國宣教士。曾先後在中國四川省瀘州、富順、宜賓和永寧等地宣教、服務十八年之久，最後因搶救傷兵過度勞累而染病致死。AKP tarafından hazırlanan ve başkanlık yerine cumhurbaşkanlığı ifadesinin kullanıldığı metinde yer aldığı belirtilen düzenlemeler şöyleydi:
"Başbakanlık olmayacak"
Taslak metinde yer alan düzenlemelere göre Cumhurbaşkanı, partisinin başından ayrılmak zorunda olmayacak. Sistem, başkanlık sistemi gibi işleyeceği için Cumhurbaşkanı da, partisinin başında olacak. Dolayısıyla Cumhurbaşkanı, parti genel başkanlığı pozisyonunu da beraberinde taşıyacak. Sistem Cumhurbaşkanlığı üzerinden işleyeceği ve Cumhurbaşkanı, yürütmenin başı olacağı için artık “başbakanlık” pozisyonu ortadan kalkacak.
"'Yardımcı' için farklı formül"
Sistemin, ABD’deki başkanlık sisteminden farklı taraflarından birisini de, ‘başkan yardımcısı’nın pozisyonu oluşturuyor. ABD’de Başkan, seçime girerken yardımcısını da ilan ediyor ve seçime iki isim birden giriyor. Başkan yardımcısı, ABD Anayasası’na göre aynı zamanda Birleşik Devletler Senatosu’nun başkanlığını da yapıyor. Başkanın ölümü, istifası veya görevden alınması durumunda başkanlık görevini üstleniyor.
Yardımcılar için kararname
AKP'nin sunduğu teklife göre Cumhurbaşkanı, ABD’deki gibi başkan yardımcısıyla birlikte değil, seçimlere tek başına gidecek. Cumhurbaşkanlığı yardımcısı veya yardımcılarını, seçimlerden sonra “Başkanlık kararnamesi” ile belirleyebilecek. Sistem, şu andaki “Başbakan Yardımcıları” pozisyonunun devamı niteliği taşıyacak. Başkan yardımcılarının sayısıyla ilgili karar, MHP ile yapılacak müzakerelerin sonucuna göre netlik kazanacak.
Vekalet görevi yardımcıda değil
Cumhurbaşkanı, seçimlere tek başına gireceği için vekalet edecek isim de, ABD’dekinden farklı olacak. Cumhurbaşkanının ölümü, istifası, görevden ayrılması durumunda, kararname ile atanmış Cumhurbaşkanı yardımcıları değil, yine seçilmiş bir başka isim olan TBMM Başkanı, Cumhurbaşkanı’na vekalet edecek. Cumhurbaşkanlığı makamının bir şekilde boşalması durumunda Meclis Başkanı vekaleti alarak ülkeyi seçime götürecek.Published on: 17th August 2016
Case Study 8
Citizen Driven Health
Prof David Ford, Prof Ronan Lyons, Dr Gareth Noble, Dr Kerina Jones, Rod Middleton, Simon Ellwood-Thompson, Hazel Lockhart, Dr Jeffrey Peng, Katie Tuite-Dalton, Jemma Jones
The UK MS Register, funded by the MS Society, is the world’s first record, for any condition, to combine information provided by people with MS, with medical and NHS data.
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, inflammatory, autoimmune disease (a condition where the body’s immune system attacks and destroys healthy body tissue by mistake). There is a serious lack of facts about living with MS – this includes how many people have the disease and what form of MS they have. The cause of MS is unknown and currently there is no known cure. The disease has physical and mental effects and is extremely fatiguing. The overall burden of the disease is considerable on the individual, their family and the NHS.
The UK MS Register, funded by the MS Society, is the world’s first record, for any condition, to combine information provided by people with MS, with medical and NHS data; this data is then taken and fed into the SAIL Databank. The SAIL Databank removes the identities of all the people in the study (to protect their privacy) and allows the information to be studied by a team of researchers based at Swansea University. Some of this data is collected directly from people with MS via a purpose-built website. The MS Register website allows the researchers to gather information and ask questions on all aspects of MS. People that join are asked to regularly update the information on their treatments and the impact MS is having on their lives.
The Register is helping to record information on MS and build a clear picture of the true impact MS has on people’s lives in Wales.
Research findings from the Register have revealed that there are high levels of anxiety and depression among people with MS. This has led to a policy change for the MS Society, with new campaigns focusing on this previously neglected aspect of MS. The MS Society has gone on to fund further research which has shown that treatment and therapy can help people with MS and should be considered in healthcare planning.
The register is also having a positive impact for the 14,089 MS participants in the study, as feedback has indicted that they feel that this is the first piece of research that gives a view of their unique experiences of living with the disease. Through the Register, people with MS can be partners in their healthcare, providing the evidence needed to drive vital MS research and campaign for more support.
The MS Register now aims to expand to include additional hospitals and NHS treatment centres. Researchers at the Register are encouraging more people with MS to take part, so that they can gather even more information about life with MS. In the long-term, the MS Register can enable the development of new services that better meet the needs of people with MS. The knowledge gained from the Register can continue to fuel campaigns for fair, relevant policy and improved healthcare for people living with MS.
For more information on the MS Register please visit www.ukmsregister.org
Enquiries to Sarah Toomey, Communications Officer, Farr Institute CIPHER, [email protected] contributions made by ancient Indians in the field of Mathematics and Science, including Medical Science, Ayurveda, Yoga,Astronomy, Astrology, etc. are immense and as proud Indians we must have knowledge of them. Questions related to this topic are seen in every exam. Therefore for the benefit of all aspirants of competitive exams, we are bringing out details of the noted scientists of ancient India.
MATHEMATICS & ASTRONOMY:
Science and Mathematics were highly developed during the ancient times in India. There were immense contributions to the fields of Mathematics as well as various branches of Science. Some notable contributors of whom everyone should know:
- Aryabhatta was a fifth century mathematician, astronomer, astrologer and physicist.
- He was also a pioneer in the field of mathematics.
- He wrote Aryabhattiya, which is a summary of mathematics of his time. It has four sections. In the first section he describes the method of denoting big decimal numbers by alphabets.
- In the second section, we find difficult questions from topics of modern day Mathematics such as number theory, geometry, trigonometry and algebra.
- Aryabhatta and Zero : He showed that zero was not just a numeral but also a symbol and a concept. He found out the exact distance between the earth and the moon. The discovery of zero also opened up a new dimension of negative numerals.
- The remaining two sections of Aryabhattiya are on astronomy, also called Khagol-shastra, (Khagol was the famous astronomical observatory at Nalanda, where Aryabhatta studied).
- The need for the development of the science of astronomy was it was required to have accurate calendars, a better understanding of climate and rainfall patterns for timely sowing and choice of crops, fixing the dates of seasons and festivals, navigation, calculation of time and casting of horoscopes for use in astrology.
- Knowledge of astronomy, particularly knowledge of the tides and the stars, was of great importance in trade, because of the requirement of crossing the oceans and deserts during night time.
- He disregarded the view that our planet is ‘Achala’ (immovable), and stated his theory that ‘ earth is round and rotates on its own axis’. He explained that the appearance of the sun moving from east to west is false by giving examples. One such example was: When a person travels in a boat, the trees on the shore appear to move in the opposite direction.
- He also stated that the moon and the planets are shined by reflected sunlight, which was proved later in modern times.
- He also gave a scientific explanation for solar and lunar eclipse clearing the notion that the eclipse were happening because of Rahhu or Ketu or some other rakshasa (demon).
- Therefore, India’s first satellite sent into orbit has been named after Aryabhatta.
- Baudhayan was the first one ever to arrive at several concepts in Mathematics, which were later rediscovered by the western world.
- The value of pi was first calculated by him. pi is useful in calculations of the area and circumference of a circle.
- Baudhayan’s Sulva Sutra mentioned what is today known as Pythagoras theoram years before him.
- In 7th century, Brahmgupta developed methods of multiplication, he used place value in almost the same way as it is used today.
- He also introduced negative numbers and operations on zero.
- He wrote BrahmSputa Siddantika through which the Arabs came to know of our mathematical system.
- Bhaskaracharya came in 12th Century, born in Bijapur, Karnataka.
- He is famous for his book Siddanta Shiromani.
- It is divided into four sections namely: Lilavati (Arithmetic), Beejaganit (Algebra), Goladhyaya (Sphere) and Grahaganit (mathematics of planets).
- Bhaskara introduced Chakrawat Method or the Cyclic Method to solve algebraic equations. This method was the rediscovered six centuries later by European mathematicians, then called inverse cycle.
- In the nineteenth century, James Taylor, translated Lilavati and the world came to know of this great work.
- There is an elaborate description of mathematics in Jain literature (500 B.C -100 B.C).
- Jain Guru Mahaviracharya wrote Ganit Sara Sangraha in 850A.D., which is the first textbook on arithmetic in present day form.
- The present method of solving Least common Multiple (LCM) of given numbers was also described by him.
- Therefore, long before John Napier introduced LCM to the world, it was known to Indians. Also, Jain gurus knew how to solve quadratic equations. They have also described fractions, algebraic equations, series, set theory, logarithms and exponents in a very interesting manner.
As in Mathematics, ancient Indians had contributed to the knowledge in Scienc as well.
- Kanad was a sixth century scientist of Vaisheshika School of philosophy, one of the six systems of Indian philosophy.
- He develped atomic theory which matches with any modern atomic theory.
- According to Kanad, material universe is made up of kana (anu/atom), which cannot be seen through any human senses. These cannot be further subdivided. Thus, they are indivisible and indestructible.
- Varahamihira was a well known scientist of the Gupta period.
- Varahamihira was one of the nine gems, in the court of Vikramaditya. Varahamihira’s predictions were so accurate that king Vikramaditya gave him the title of ‘Varaha’.
- Varahamihira made contributions in the fields of hydrology, geology and ecology.
- Termite theory: He was one of the first scientists to claim that termites and plants could be the indicators of the presence of underground water.He gave a list of six animals and thirty plants, which could indicate the presence of water. He gave very important information regarding termites (Deemak or insects that destroy wood), that they go very deep to the surface of water level to bring water to keep their houses (bambis) wet.
- Earthquake cloud theory: Contribution to the world of science is given by Varahmihira in his book Brhat Samhita. The thirty second chapter of this samhita is devoted to signs of earthquakes – the influence of planets, undersea activities, underground water, unusual cloud formation and abnormal behaviour of animals.
- Varahamihira’s contribution is worth mentioning in Jyotish or Astrology. He deveoped the science of astrology as is used in present form.
- Nagarjuna was a tenth century scientist with work in alchemy.
- Till today, his technology of making material with gold like shine is used in making imitation jewelry.
- In his book, Rasaratnakara, he has also discussed methods for the extraction of metals like gold, silver, tin and copper.
MEDICAL SCIENCE IN ANCIENT INDIA (AYURVEDA & YOGA)
Medical Science was highly developed in ancient times. Ayurveda, an indigenous system of medicine that was developed in Ancient India. The word “Ayurveda” literally means the science of good health and longevity of life. It is the oldest medical system of our planet. Susruta, Charak, Madhava, Vagbhatta and Jeevak were notable ayurvedic practitioners of ancient India.
- Susruta
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گیری از آن برای تفسیر صحیح تر آیات قرآن و بازنگری و نواندیشی در آرای مفسران کهن، انکارناپذیراند.
ب. تفسیر موضوعی یک موضوع قرآنی. این گونه از تفسیر موضوعی خود به چند روش انجام می گیرد. (=> ادامه مقاله)
ج. تفسیر موضوعی سوره ای قرآن. این گونه از تفسیر موضوعی بر نظریه وحدت موضوعی سوره های قرآن مبتنی است. در این نظریه برای هر سوره تنها یک موضوع اصلی و محوری ثابت می شود و مفسر باید با تدبر فراوان در محتوای یک سوره به کشف موضوع اصلی و اهداف و مقاصد آن سوره دست یابد. سپس همه آیات آن سوره را در ارتباط با موضوع اصلی و در جهت اهداف و مقاصد سوره تفسیر کند.[17] معمولا در سوره های کوتاه و مکی قرآن که یکباره نازل شده اند کشف موضوع اصلی چندان دشوار نیست؛ اما سوره های بلند مشتمل بر موضوعات متنوع به ویژه سوره های مدنی کشف موضوع اصلی سوره به تدبری بیشتر نیازمند و گاه ممکن است نیازمند سال ها تدبر جدی مفسر باشد یا در برخی سوره ها مفسری نتواند به موضوع واحدی در آن سوره دست یابد؛ گویا نخستین تفسیر موضوعی از این گونه، تفسیر موضوعی سوره بقره به نام النباءُ العظیم از عبدالله درّاز است.[18] سید قطب در فی ظلال القرآن و بنت الشاطی در التفسیر البیانی با همین نگرش به تفسیر پرداخته اند؛ همچنین آثار موضوعی تک سوره ای فراوانی نیز تألیف شده اند.[19]
از آثار قابل توجه در این زمینه قبسٌ من نور القرآن الکریم از محمد علی صابونی است که به بیان اهداف و مقاصد سوره ها پرداخته و در سال 1405 قمری انتشار یافته و اخیراً محمد غزالی کتاب نحو تفسیر موضوعی لسور القرآن را در سال 1413 قمری منتشر کرده[20] که با عنوان گامی به سوی تفسیر موضوعی سوره های قرآن کریم به فارسی نیز ترجمه شده است.
نظریه وحدت موضوعی سوره های قرآن به دلیل توقیفی بودن نظم آیات درون سوره ها، امروزه مورد پذیرش بسیاری از مفسران و قرآن پژوهان است.
در تفسیر موضوعی سوره ای مفسر همه آیات یک سوره را در ارتباط با موضوع محوری آن سوره می بیند. بدین ترتیب اگر تفسیر یک سوره از قرآن با محوریت بررسی موضوع آن سوره انجام گیرد تفسیر موضوعی و در غیر این صورت تفسیر
ترتیبی خواهد بود. این نگرش به آیات یک سوره از یک سو زمینه دریافت معارفی نو از آیات قرآن را فراهم می سازد و از دیگر سو نوآوری هایی در تفسیر آیات را سبب می شود.
از میان این سه گونه، دومین آن ها به تفسیر موضوعی مشهورتر و بیشتر مورد توجه مفسران است. رواج عنوان «تفسیر موضوعی» نیز ناظر به همین قسم بوده است، به گونه ای که اگر بدون قیدی خاص به کار رود به آن انصراف دارد و هنگامی که سخن از ضرورت تفسیر موضوعی یا اهمیت آن به میان می آید نیز همین گونه دوم از تفسیر موضوعی مراد است.
2. گونه دوم از سه گونه قبل که مقصود اصلی از تفسیر موضوعی است، خود دو قسم دارد و به عبارت دقیق تر به دو شیوه انجام می گیرد و هر یک از دو تعریف پیشین ناظر به یکی از این دو شیوه است: أ. آنکه مفسر یکایک مسائل و موضوعات مطرح شده در قرآن را بیرون آورد و سپس با استخراج و گردآوری آیات مربوط به هر موضوع، مجموعه آیات آن موضوع را بررسی کرده، نظر قرآن را درباره ابعاد گوناگون آن بیان کند.[21] به نظر معرفت این گونه تفسیر موضوعی پای سخن قرآن نشستن و گوش فرا دادن به آن است تا قرآن خود برای ما سخن گفته، پیام خود را به ما برساند و نقش مفسر در این قسم تنها ثبت پیام های دریافتی از قرآن است.[22]
ب. آنکه مفسر نیازهای واقع در متن زندگی را بررسی کند و سپس پاسخ آن ها را از قرآن جویا شود و با این باور که قرآن همواره پاسخگوی نیازهای روز بشر است، برای دریافت پاسخ قرآن، در آیات آن به تأمل و جست و جو بپردازد.[23]
شهید صدر با اطلاق نام «تفسیر توحیدی» بر تفسیر موضوعی، در برابر تفسیر تجزیه ای یا گسسته (ترتیبی)[24] همین تعریف را برای تفسیر موضوعی ارائه داده، آن را به سخن امیرمؤمنان علی(علیه السلام): «ذلک القرآنُ فَاسْتَنْطِقُوه» [25] گره می زند و مقصود حدیث را این می داند که در مراجعه به قرآن باید شرح و حل مشکلات خود را از آن بازجست.[26] وی تعبیر «استنطاق» (به سخن درآوردن) قرآن را شیواترین بیان در تأیید تفسیر موضوعی به معنای مذکور می داند.[27]
3. تفسیر موضوعی از جهت بهره گیری از روایات بر دو قسم است: أ. مفسر در کنار آیات، از روایات نیز استفاده می کند. این روایات ممکن است صرفاً تفسیری باشند یا اینکه برای جامعیت بحث و بیان دیدگاه جامع اسلام درباره موضوعی، افزون بر روایات تفسیری از دیگر روایات دینی منقول از معصومان(علیهم السلام) نیز بهره گرفته شود.
ب. مفسر بحث خود را به دایره معارف قابل استنباط از آیات محدود کرده، ابداً از روایات بهره نمی گیرد. طرفداران روش تفسیر ادبی معاصر با تأکید بر ناکارآمدی تفسیر ترتیبی وضرورت تفسیر موضوعی به بی نیازی تفسیر موضوعی از روایات معتقدند.[28]
4. تفسیر موضوعی از منظری دیگر می تواند به یکی از دو روش زیر انجام گیرد: أ. مفسر ابتدا مسئله یا موضوعی از موضوعات زندگی را مطرح کرده، براساس مبانی کلامی، فقهی، فلسفی، اجتماعی، سیاسی و ... آن را تحلیل می کند. سپس درصدد یافتن شواهدی از قرآن برای تأیید اندیشه خود یا تطبیق آیه بر دیدگاه خود برمی آید. ب. مفسر موضوع را انتخاب کرده، پیش از هرگونه پیش داوری و با کمترین پیش فرض های کلامی و فقهی و علمی به سراغ آیات قرآن می آید تا دیدگاه قرآن را درباره آن موضوع کشف کند.[29] عموم مفسران بر اتخاذ روش دوم تأکید کرده، روش نخست را ناروا و مجالی برای تحمیل رأی بر قرآن و گسترش تفسیر به رأی می شمارند که مفسر در چنین شیوه ای در پی اثبات اندیشه و باورهای خود به کمک آیات قرآن است.
ویژگی های تفسیر موضوعی:
ویژگی های تفسیر موضوعی:
برای تفسیر موضوعی در مقایسه با تفسیر ترتیبی ویژگی ها و امتیازاتی بیان شده که این امتیازات ناظر به دو قسم گونه دوم از تفسیر موضوعی اند. شایان ذکر است که برخی از موارد ذیل ناظر به تفاوت تفسیر ترتیبی با هر دو شیوه گونه سوم است و برخی ناظر به یکی از این دو شیوه است:
1. در تفسیر ترتیبی مفسر در مقابل قرآن می نشیند و به ترتیب سوره ها و آیات معارف آن را استنباط و دریافت می کند؛ اما در تفسیر موضوعی مفسر ابتدا به واقعیت زندگی خود می نگرد و نیازهای فکری، اعتقادی، رفتاری، اجتماعی، اقتصادی و... را در جوانب مختلف زندگی احساس و سپس برای برآورده ساختن آن ها به قرآن مراجعه و با استنطاق از آن پاسخ آن ها را دریافت می کند. در واقع در تفسیر موضوعی مفسر دائماً میان قرآن و واقعیت زندگی ارتباط و پیوندی محکم دیده، به آیات قرآن به عنوان مفسر و راهگشا و بیانگر نیازهای زندگی خود نظر می کند.
2. در تفسیر ترتیبی مفسر به تحلیل مفردات و جمله های آیات پرداخته، مدلول های آن ها را استخراج می کند؛ اما در تفسیر موضوعی مفسر افزون بر این می کوشد از مجموع مدلول های جزئیِ پراکنده در سوره ها و پیوند آن ها با یکدیگر دیدگاه قرآن را درباره موضوعی خاص به دست آورد.
3. در تفسیر ترتیبی مفسر معلومات تفسیری فراوانی را ـ برحسب مقدار قرآنی که به ترتیب تفسیر می کند ـ در حوزه های مختلف معرفتی و عملی به دست می دهد، در حالی که در تفسیر
موضوعی یک اندیشه را به مخاطب ارائه کرده، راه حل های گره گشایی را برای مشکلات واقعی ارائه می دهد.[30]
4. انجام یک دوره کامل تفسیر ترتیبی نیازمند صرف زمان درازی است که این توفیق برای دانشمندان انگشت شماری دست داده است؛ اما این زمان در تفسیر موضوعی کوتاه شده و هر مفسری به فراخور حال و فرصت خود به تفسیر یک یا چند موضوع قرآنی می پردازد.[31]
شایان گفتن است که وجود این امتیازها و تأکید بر ضرورت تفسیر موضوعی به معنای نبود پیوند میان این دو شیوه از تفسیر و بی نیازی تفسیر موضوعی از تفسیر ترتیبی نیست. تفسیر موضوعی به میزان زیادی مبتنی بر تفسیر ترتیبی است؛ به گونه ای که بعضی تفسیر ترتیبی را شرط لازم تفسیر موضوعی دانسته، این دو شیوه را دو مرحله متکامل در تفسیر می دانند.[32] افزون بر این باید توجه داشت که رسالت عام قرآن تربیت وهدایت بشر در دو حوزه فرد و جامعه است و بهترین و نزدیک ترین راه و نقطه آغاز تحقق این رسالت، و هدایت آحاد جامعه قرائت ترتیبی آیات توأم با تدبر در آن هاست و برای حصول تدبر در قرآن نیازمند تفسیر ترتیبی هستیم.
خاستگاه تفسیر موضوعی:
خاستگاه تفسیر موضوعی:
عنوان تفسیر موضوعی از مصطلحات نوپدید دوره معاصر و عصر بازگشت به قرآن و بیش از هر چیز وامدار تحولات فکری و فرهنگی بنیادین در قرن چهاردهم است[33] که برخی مفسران و مصلحان دینی بر ضرورت آن تأکید ورزیده اند. این شیوه تفسیر هنوز گام های آغازین خود را برمی دارد و تا رسیدن به بلوغ و پختگی فاصله زیادی دارد. علل گرایش به تفسیر موضوعی در دوره معاصر را در عوامل ذیل می توان جست و جو کرد:
1. مشاهده انحطاط و عقب ماندگی مسلمانان و جوامع اسلامی و در مقابل، رشد تمدنی غرب. مصلحان دینی راز این انحطاط را در جدایی از آموزه های قرآن نهفته دیدند و این، ضرورت بازگشت به قرآن را ایجاب می کرد.[34] از سوی دیگر ناکارآمدی تفسیر ترتیبی به شیوه سنتی در استنباطات روشمند و تفسیر صحیح تر قرآن کریم[35] و نیز پاسخگویی به نیازهای فکری و گرایشی مسلمانان روش دیگری در تفسیر را اقتضا می کرد تا مفسر بتواند پاسخگوی مسائل و معضلات جهان اسلام باشد.[36]
2. پیدایش مکاتب فکری و گرایش های فرهنگی، سیاسی و اجتماعی در غرب و طرح
پرسش های جدید در عرصه زندگی انسان متجدد و هجوم شبهات به حریم و ساحت قرآن و مسائل مختلف اسلامی به ویژه در حوزه های اجتماعی، حقوق بشر، زن، حکومت و سیاست و جز این ها ضرورت رویکردی جدید را برای عرضه پرسش های فکری و گره های موجود در زندگی بر قرآن و دریافت پاسخ قرآن در قالب نظریه و نظام و مکتب و به صورت مجموعه ای منسجم ایجاب می کرد؛ همچنین ضرورت داشت در مقابل تحریف آموزه های قرآن و شبهه افکنی و تشکیک در کارآمدی آن، دیدگاه صحیح قرآن را تبیین کرده، از کیان آن دفاع کنند.[37]
3. غنی ترین قالب برای شناساندن پیام های قرآن و آموزه های اسلام به جهان در نظر دانشمندان مسلمان استفاده از شیوه تفسیر موضوعی می نمود.
4. برخی گرایش های انحرافی در تفسیر مانند افراط در گرایش تفسیر علمی و تأویل و باطنگرایی در تفسیر قرآن موجب شد بعضی دانشمندان تفسیر موضوعی را به ویژه در حوزه مفهوم شناسی واژه های قرآن راهی مطمئن برای دستیابی به دلالت های صحیح و دریافت مفاهیم عصر نزولی الفاظ دانسته، بر آن تأکید کنند.[38]
بدین ترتیب در حدود نیمه قرن چهاردهم موج گسترده ای از رویکرد به تفسیر موضوعی برخاست و به سرعت روبه گسترش نهاد.[39]
پیشینه:
پیشینه:
ریشه های تفسیر موضوعی در تفسیر شیخ محمد عبده نشان داده شده است.[40] پس از وی از پیشگامان تفسیر موضوعی در دوره معاصر در مغرب اسلامی یکی شیخ محمود شلتوت و از جمله آثار وی القرآن والقتال و القرآن والمرأةاند. رویکرد وی در این دو کتاب اغلب معرفی دیدگاه اسلام درباره جنگ و زن و دفاع از آن در برابر شبهات غرب است.
همزمان با وی امین خولی در طرح تفسیر ادبی اش بر ناکارآمدی تفسیر ترتیبی و ضرورت تفسیر موضوعی قرآن برای درک صحیح تر و جامع تر معارف قرآن تأکید کرد و پیرو آن خود وی و شاگردانش آثار تفسیری خود را به روش ادبی ـ موضوعی عرضه کردند. از امین خولی تعدادی اثر کم حجم با عنوان عام من هدی القرآن به نام های فی رمضان، فی اموالهم و القاده... الرسل منتشر شد.
از آثار شاگردانش نیز که به روش موضوعی و روشمند نگاشته شده اند این آثار قابل توجه اند: دراسات قرآنیة یوم الدین والحساب از شکری محمد عیّاد، الفن القصصی، القرآن والثورة الثقافیه، القرآن والدوله، القرآن ومشکلات
حیاتنا المعاصره از محمد احمد خلف الله. وی در کتاب اخیر پس از معرفی مبانی خود در تفسیر موضوعی به بیان دیدگاه قرآن درباره 8 مسئله مهم و مبتلا به در جامعه مصر پرداخته است، با عناوین: «التغییرات الجذریه»، «الحریات»، «الدیمقراطیه»، «المسؤلیه»، «المضامین الاشتراکیه»، «التعایش السلمی»، «زواج مختلفی الادیان» و «العلاقة الزوجیه» که تأثیر دستاوردهای علمی غرب بر روش و نتایج تفسیر وی انکارپذیر نیست.
اثر دیگر القرآن وقضایا الانسان از بنت الشاطی است که باز به همان شیوه، دیدگاه قرآن را درباره بعضی از مسائل مربوط به انسان به روش موضوعی بیان کرده است.
رویکرد این گروه از مفسران به تفسیر موضوعی اتکای صِرف به آیات شریفه و پرهیز از روایات به ویژه روایات تفسیری بوده است. از دیگر آثار قابل توجه مشاهدالقیامه سید قطب، دستور الاخلاق فی القرآن الکریم از محمد عبدالله درّاز و آثاری از محمد عزت دروزه و یوسف قرضاوی است.
همزمان در شرق جهان اسلام نیز آثاری برجسته در تفسیر موضوعی پدید آمدند. پیشگام تفسیر موضوعی در شرق را باید علامه طباطبایی معرفی کرد. وی در لابه لای تفسیر المیزان، به مناسبت، موضوعات فراوانی را با نگاه ادبی ـ قرآنی به صورت تفسیر موضوعی به بحث گذاشته است.[41] از قبیل توحید الله[42]، الامامه[43]، حیاة المرأة فی الامم غیر متمدنه[44]، کلامٌ فی معنی السکینه[45]، کلامٌ فی الشفاعه[46]؛ نیز شاگرد وی شهید مطهری با تدوین آثاری چون آشنایی با قرآن، انسان در قرآن، فطرت، مسأله حجاب، خاتمیت، جامعه و تاریخ، حقوق زن در اسلام و جز این ها از پیشتازان در تفسیر موضوعی به شمار می آید. باد و باران بازرگان و المدرسة القرآنیه شهید صدر نیز از دیگر تفاسیر موضوعی پیشتازند. شهید صدر که متعلق به مدرسه نجف اشرف است در دو درس نخست کتابش درباره ضرورت و اهمیت تفسیر موضوعی و برتری آن بر تفسیر ترتیبی سخن گفته و در ادامه درباره سنت های تاریخ در قرآن بحث کرده است.[47]
تفسیر موضوعی دیگری نیز از ابوالاعلی مودودی مصلح هندی است با عنوان المصطلحات الاربعة فی القرآن. مودودی در این اثر درباره 4 اصطلاح قرآنی اله، رب، دین و عبادت بحث کرده است که به نظر وی دعوت قرآن بر محور آن ها می گردد.[48]
در ایران پس از انقلاب اسلامی مباحث و آثار تفسیر موضوعی گسترش فراوانی یافت و مجموعه های تفسیر موضوعی متنوعی مشتمل بر مباحث متعدد پدید آمدند. به طور طبیعی اقتضای تفسیر موضوعی آن است که آیات متعلق به هر موضوع جداگانه مورد تفسیر قرار گیرند، بنابراین نباید انتظار داشت که یک تفسیر موضوعی جامع و کامل و مشتمل بر همه موضوعات قرآنی تدوین گردد؛ اما در مجموعه های تفسیری مذکور در مورد چندین موضوع همسو و گاه غیر همسو به صورت مستقل تفسیر موضوعی انجام گرفته و با در کنار هم قرار گرفتن این موضوعات مجموعه ای از معارف قرآنی عرضه شده است. از این مجموعه ها با تسامح می توان با عنوان تفسیر موضوعی جامع یا فراگیر[49] یاد کرد. بعضی از مشهورترین این آثار عبارت اند از:
1
|
1 | 5 | 0 |
981,
- unitari 98.028,
- comunisti 58.783,
- concentrazionisti 14.695.
L’approvazione della mozione Baratono-Serrati fu seguita dall’intervento di Polano con l’annuncio che la Federazione giovanile socialista, della quale era segretario, scioglieva i suoi impegni col Partito Socialista per seguire le deliberazioni della frazione comunista. Mentre l’on. Roberto, dell’ufficio di Presidenza, in rappresentanza dei comunisti esprimeva l’angoscia che prende nei momenti della separazione e, se la storia non si poteva mutare faceva comunque appello a lavorare tutti nell’interesse del proletariato.
Bordiga, poiché la maggioranza dei congressisti col suo voto si era posta fuori della Terza internazionale, invitava i delegati della frazione comunista ad abbandonare la sala; essi erano convocati al Teatro San Marco per deliberare la costituzione del nuovo Partito Comunista.
L’annuncio fu accolto dagli applausi dei “secessionisti” che intonando l’Internazionale si avviarono all’uscita. Ordinati e in un corteo, seguito da un nucleo di Guardie Regie, si mossero verso il Teatro San Marco.
Intanto il Congresso socialista continuava i suoi lavori con i delegati rimasti nella sala e Bacci propose di affidare alla nuova Direzione del Partito, appena eletta, gli altri argomenti iscritti all’ordine del giorno perché fossero riproposti in un nuovo Congresso.
Al Teatro San Marco i lavori vennero aperti dal bulgaro Kabakcef il quale annunciò che il Comitato esecutivo della Terza Internazionale avrebbe riconosciuto come sezione Italia soltanto il nuovo Partito Comunista.
Il congresso stabilì che coloro che erano membri di Giunta comunali e Deputazioni provinciali dovevano dimettersi e costituirsi in gruppo comunista. Venne dichiarato con altro ordine del giorno la costituzione del gruppo parlamentare comunista composto di 18 deputati. La sede del partito veniva stabilita a Milano e l’organo ufficiale diveniva “Il comunista” bisettimanale pubblicato a Milano, mentre “L’Ordine Nuovo” di Torino restava l’organo dei comunisti torinesi e Gramsci ne conservava la direzione. Il Comitato centrale del partito era così composto: Fortichiari, Bordiga, Repossi, Misiano, Bombacci, Gramsci, Polano, Terracini, Gennari, Tarsia, Marabini, Parodi, Belloni Ambrogio, Grieco e Sessa.[1]
La scissione a sinistra con la nascita del Partito Comunista si consumava mentre crescevano nelle piazze gli scontri tra fascisti e “sovversivi”.
Nel 1921 i Fasci di combattimento di Livorno si riorganizzano, creando una struttura più forte legata al territorio; il 3gennaio alle ore 21.00 si era insediato il Consiglio direttivo dei Fasci combattimento, nei locali dell’Unione Liberale, insieme alla nuova Commissione esecutiva del Fascio di combattimento di Livorno[2]. Il 20gennaio usciva il primo numero di «A NOI!», organo del Fascio di combattimento di Livorno, direttore Paolo Pedani[3].
All’indomani della scissione sul giornale “La parola dei socialisti” i compagni che se ne vanno, i cosiddetti “puri”, i comunisti, sono tacciati di astrattismo. “Folgore”, l’autore dell’articolo, paventa che la scissione possa condurre alla disgregazione delle organizzazioni economiche di resistenza, delle Cooperative, delle amministrazioni pubbliche conquistate da poco, dopo anni ed anni di ininterrotta battaglia da parte del partito. “Folgore” richiama quindi all’unità ed evidenzia che ogni divisione non è che un favore fatto alla borghesia, per la quale non esiste né destra né sinistra, perché essa si presenta sempre unita quando deve difendere i propri interessi. Concludendo dopo tanta amarezza con uno slancio di ottimismo, con la speranza che seppure dopo un arduo percorso storico, il Partito sarebbe ritornato a ricomporsi in un tutto unitario, sospinto dalla necessità stessa degli eventi.[4]
Secondo Arfé[5]: “Il biennio che si apre con la scissione di Livorno e si chiude con la “marcia su Roma” sarà caratterizzato dalla incapacità della maggioranza massimalista di rendersi conto che la lotta è entrata in una nuova fase e di elaborare una linea di difesa attiva e tradurla in atto.”
A seguito delle determinazioni assunte dal Congresso, nella seduta del Consiglio Comunale del 21febbraio 1921 il Sindaco dava comunicazione delle dimissioni di Ilio Barontini dall’incarico di assessore supplente, precisando di non aveva ritenuto di far premure presso il collega per farlo recedere, considerate le ben note ragioni politiche[6]: “Noi, dice il Sindaco, abbiamo visto con dolore la scissione del partito del quale, invece, a torto, ha dimostrato godere la borghesia. Confida che: “qualora la gravità del momento lo richiedesse tutti saremo uniti contro il comune nemico.”
Nella stessa seduta veniva posta in approvazione la delibera di bilancio ed era la prima occasione di voto del neonato gruppo comunista.
Per il nuovo gruppo consiliare, il consigliere comunale Barontini dichiarava, a nome dei compagni comunisti, di approvare il bilancio nel suo complesso, specificando però, che mentre la minoranza bianca si duole del principio di espropriazione, “la frazione Comunista sostiene che la proprietà immobiliare dovrebbe essere gravata ancor di più di quanto lo sia, con la sovrimposta comunale del 380 per ogni 100lire di imposta erariale”. Mentre l’Assessore Bartorelli ribadiva che mentre la borghesia aveva raddoppiato i dazi di consumo che colpivano i lavoratori, i socialisti intendevano colpire i redditi degli abbienti.
Il bilancio veniva approvato con 40 voti favorevoli e 10 contrari. E conseguentemente nella seduta successiva del 22febbraio il Consiglio deliberava di approvare la sovrimposta sui terreni e sui fabbricati e la sovrimposta sui redditi di ricchezza mobile, punti cardinali del programma.
[1] La fine del congresso di Livorno dopo il distacco dei comunisti, “Corriere della Sera”, 22 gennaio 1921
[2] L’insediamento del consiglio direttivo dei fasci di combattimento, “Il Corriere di Livorno”, 3 gennaio 1921
[3] “A NOI!”, organo del Fascio di combattimento di Livorno, settimanale, Tipografia del Corriere di Livorno; poco dopo le elezioni del 1921 sarebbe cessato.
[4] Folgore, Dopo la scissione, “La Parola dei Socialisti”, 6 febbraio 1921.
[5] Arfé G., Storia del socialismo italiano (1892-1926), p. 304-305.
[6] CLAS, adunanza del Consiglio Comunale del 21 febbraio 1921当地时间6月2日，随着晚上8点的宵禁即将到来，纽约市警察局宣布警察常规休假取消，恢复时间另行通知。目前纽约市共有36000名警察，将在未来一段时间12小时换班维持纽约的局势。
美国抗议和骚乱进入第七天，纽约实行宵禁。图为几名行人走在纽约宵禁后的大街上。新华社 图纽约市警察局发表声明，称从2日晚8点开始，当宵禁实施时，私人车辆将禁止在曼哈顿岛96街以南区域通行。但当地居民、必要工作人员、公交巴士和卡车除外。
从2日晚开始，纽约的宵禁时间将改为20点至第二日凌晨5点。宵禁将持续到6月7日夜里。
（原题为《美国纽约警方全员上岗 曼哈顿宵禁后停止部分交通》）第四次误判：“市场化”必然使中国“自由化”
改革开放将导致中国和平演变，中国将沿着市场经济大路，在与世界接轨中，进入西方轨道——这是美国对中国的又一次战略误判。
西方看到，中国加入世界贸易组织，说明中国接受了西方创造和主导的现存国际经济秩序。冷战后美国的历任总统，都坚定地相信，随着中国自由市场的发展，中国的“权威主义政治”会软化和消失。但是，令美国人大惑不解的是，中国实行市场化，却没有“自由化”，没有被“西化”！
美国总统候选人罗姆尼在2010年出版的《拒绝道歉》一书，是他竞选总统的政策宣言书，也体现了他对美国战略困境的思考。他说：“我本以为会看到许多中国人不满中共的统治，并且对于西方的自由抱有强烈的向往，但是当我2006年在清华大学与中国学生交流时，我发现他们似乎更热衷于学习美式企业的经验，而不是促进美式自由。在2008年北京奥运会开幕式上，当胡锦涛主席准备致辞时，观众席爆发出热烈的欢呼声，这也许是中国民族自豪感与新经济机会的体现。”
美国《洛杉矶时报》曾经刊登文章：《理解中国——西方错估中国已数十年了》，作者马丁·雅克指出：“中国拥抱了市场经济，但是它避开了西方式自由。”“人们想当然地认为，现代化进程必然导致西方化。但是，影响现代化的不仅仅是市场、竞争和技术，还有历史和文化。而中国的历史文化迥异于任何西方国家。”“如果我们想要理解中国，就必须超越西方现实、经验和概念的局限。”
只要中国实行“经济市场化”，就必然走向“政治自由化”——这一西方定律在中国之所以成为一个误判，是由于美国人没有看到市场化和西方化的本质关系，没有看到市场经济与西方民主模式可以分离，经济上与西方接轨，不等于政治制度一定要与西方接轨。中国按照自己的国情进行经济市场化，但是没有按照美国的模式进行“政治民主化”。市场经济，是人类发展到现在相对有效的一种创造财富的方式。这种方式，可以与资本主义制度结合，也可以与社会主义制度相结合。过去，马克思主义者有一个误解，就是认为市场经济是资本主义的产物，市场经济是资本主义的经济基础，消灭资本主义就必须消灭市场经济。后来认识到，社会主义也必须建立和发展在市场经济的基础上。但是，当社会主义解放思想、纠正对于市场经济与社会主义关系的误解后，资本主义国家却陷入一个新的误解，就是认为市场经济只与西方政治体制相联，一个国家只要在经济体制上搞市场经济体制，在政治体制上就必然成为西方式的政治体制。因此，谁搞了市场经济，谁就必须和必然搞西方的政治体制。
西方认为，市场经济必然产生西式“民主政治”，市场经济是“民主政治”之母，中国市场经济化，必然是“民主政治”化。而中国创造了一个奇迹，就是只要市场经济，不要西方式的“民主政治”，成功实现了市场经济与西方模式的“民主政治”的分离。
在中美政治博弈方面，西方社会主流观点曾经认为，中国经济增长、富裕起来以后，必将出现西方的“政治自由化”，中国将作为温和的大国对于世界政治经济发挥建设性作用。冷战后，美国在一段时间内之所以对中国崛起听之任之，一个重要原因是美国的精英们有一个根深蒂固的信念，就是认为现代化就是“西方化”，市场化就会导致“自由化”，全球化就会加速“美国化”，会使美国价值观风靡世界。小布什和克林顿总统，都接受了这样的观点，他们将现代化、市场化、全球化，看作是改变发展中国家特别是像中国这样的社会主义国家的根本途径。他们都把现代化、市场化、全球化和自由贸易作为输出美国价值观的载体。但是这是重大的理论误解，会导致重大的政治误判。
一些美国学者反思认为，中国模式已经对美国的政治“软实力”构成挑战。他们认为，中国“享受市场经济红利却未实现民主化”，在亚洲造成“消极示范效应”，削弱了美式民主的号召力和美国在亚洲的地缘影响力。现在，欧洲和美国的精英们开始认为，中国在经济发展后，价值观也将与美国和欧洲接近的预测不过是天真的幻想。
中国的发展和崛起，破除了只有西方民主能够救中国、救世界的神话。而世界民主进程的发展，也说明在全球推行西式民主的失败。根据研究，在20世纪90年代，差不多有100个国家，从“权威主义政体”转型到“民主政体”。但是，到目前为止，只有少于20个国家的“民主转型”比较成功。一些转型国家，实际上是处于无政府状态。事实说明，在西方国家，“民主”是经济发展的产物，但是在发展中国家，被强力推行的西式“民主”往往与政局动乱、落后贫穷联系在一起。美国锁定一些所谓非民主或者欠民主国家，不惜采用武力手段对他们进行“民主救助”，结果多是灾难性的。一党执政、多党参政的中国，将超越两党轮流执政的美国。这使西方政治制度的唯一性和神圣性不仅受到空前挑战，而且必须从“神坛”走下来，成为世界多样化政治制度系列中的一种普通模式。
|上一页||下一页|A lot has changed in women's lifestyles in just a few generations. For example, compared with 30 years ago, women are now: getting married later1, having children later2, smoking less3, eating more poorly4, having more home births5, and have increasing rates of opioid abuse6.
With career transformations and shifting priorities, women’s health concerns have also changed. Each of these lifestyle decisions can impact the overall health of a woman, as well as the chances of a healthy pregnancy and giving birth to a healthy baby. For healthcare professionals, this means it is essential to have a keen understanding of the obstetric continuum of care – in other words, how the care a woman receives will affect both her and her baby long-term.
Given our focus on training in labor and delivery, we thought it worthwhile to share an overview of the state of women and pregnancy today. In this series of quick-read articles, we share how simulation can prepare your learners to:
- Consider age and prenatal care at the start of a labor and delivery scenario
- Consider women's health statistics as they prepare to mitigate risk during labor and delivery
- Become attuned to providing necessary postpartum careTable of contents
About this book
The International Conference on Environment: Survival and Sustainability, held at the Near East University, Nicosia, Northern Cyprus 19-24 February 2007, dealt with environmental threats and proposed solutions at all scales. The 21 themes addressed by the conference fell into four broad categories; Threats to Survival and Sustainability; Technological Advances towards Survival and Sustainability; Activities and Tools for Social Change; Defining Goals for Sustainable Societies.
Activities and tools that move the society towards greater sustainability were emphasized at the conference. These included environmental law and ethics, environmental knowledge, technology and information systems, media, environmental awareness, education and lifelong learning, the use of literature for environmental awareness, the green factor in politics, international relations and environmental organizations. The breadth of the issues addressed at the conference made clear the need for greatly increased interdisciplinary and international collaboration the survival and sustainability concept. The exchanges at the conference represent a step in this direction.根据该出版物，部分战斗车辆已经交付给客户，沙特阿拉伯国防部收到了第一批“Solntsepekov”。
此前据报道，在2017，沙特阿拉伯国王莫斯科访问结果之后，Salman ibn Abdel-Aziz al-Saud在几个国家之间的军事技术合作领域签署了几份文件。 这些文件涉及可能向该王国交付S-400反坦克导弹系统，以及Kornet-EM反坦克导弹系统，TOS-1A Solntsepek重型火焰喷射器系统，AGS-30榴弹发射器和AK-103卡拉什尼科夫突击步枪。 与此同时，不仅假设供应重型TOS-1A火焰喷射系统，而且还假设其生产在沙特阿拉伯境内的本地化。
与此同时，沙漠着色的TOS-1“Solntsepek”照片进入了沙特阿拉伯陆军的武器库，已经出现在网上。
Tarih sayfalarından "Balkan" isimli kitebıyla Balkan Savaşı'yla yanan yüreklerin göç sızısını, "Şehadetname"yle, Çanakkale'nin genç yiğitlerinin destanlarını ve "Sarıkamış Kar Bozgunu"yla Sarıkamış Şehitleri'nin kanları donduran hazin hikayesini usta kalemiyle çekip çıkartan Halide Alptekin bu defa "Hace" isimli romanıyla Surre Alayı'nı romanlaştırdı.
Yitik Hazine Yayınları'ndan çıkan kitapla, Osmanlı'nın, Allah'a ve Rasulü'ne olan benzersiz Aşkı'nın, muhteşem işaretlerinden biri olan Surre Alayı yeniden canlanıyor, her yıl İstanbul'dan Medine'ye, oradan da Mekke'ye bir aşk mektubu gibi uçup giden kervan yeniden yola çıkıyor.
1389 yılında Yıldırım Bayezid'le başlayan ve her yıl tertibatı daha da özenle yapılan Surre Alay'ları, Osmanlı Devleti'nin, Rasulullah'a bağlılığının bir mührü gibiydi. Hace, her yıl Recep ayında İstanbul'da eşi benzeri olmayan büyük bir coşkuyla hazırlanan ve yine aynı coşkuyla uğurlanan bu kervanın bütün renkleriyle tanıştırdığı gibi, Osmanlı'nın hayatın her zerresine sindirdiği z
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31 tarihinde eklenmiştir.
Cumhurbaşkanı Erdoğan: Bizim kızıl elmamız da büyük ve güçlü Türkiye'nin inşasıdır
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Başkan Muhittin Böcek 19 Mayıs Mesajı
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Antalya'da fetih simgesi camide 123 yıl sonra ilk ezan okunduرادیوتراپی
رادیوتراپی، از جمله روش های درمان سرطان است که در آن، سلول های سرطانی با استفاده از تابش پرتو کشته و تومورها نیز کوچک می شوند. تابش پرتو به گونه ای است که با آسیب رساندن به DNA سلول ها مانع از تقسیم سلول های سرطانی می شود. سلول های آسیب دیده تجزیه و از بدن دفع خواهند شد.
انواع رادیوتراپی
دو نوع رادیوتراپی وجود دارد: داخلی و خارجی.
نوع رادیوتراپی بر اساس عواملی از قبیل:
- نوع سرطان
- اندازه تومور
- محل تشکیل تومور
- شرایط جسمانی و سابقه پزشکی بیمار
- دریافت سایر گزینه های درمان
در نظر گرفته می شود.
رادیوتراپی خارجی
روند انجام رادیوتراپی خارجی به این صورت است که دستگاه با بدن تماس پیدا نمی کند، بلکه اطراف بیمار می چرخد و اشعه از چند جهت به ناحیه مورد نظر تابیده می شود. رادیوتراپی خارجی، درمان موضعی محسوب می شود، چرا که ناحیه ای خاص از بدن تحت درمان قرار می گیرد.
به عنوان مثال، در سرطان ریه، اشعه تنها به قفسه سینه تابانده می شود، نه کل بدن.
رادیوتراپی داخلی
روند انجام رادیوتراپی داخلی به این صورت است که منبع تابش که می تواند جامد و یا مایع باشد، در داخل بدن قرار می گیرد.
رادیوتراپی داخلی با منبع جامد، براکی تراپی نامیده می شود. در این روش، نوار یا کپسول حاوی منبع پرتو داخل بدن و یا در نزدیکی تومور قرار می گیرد. رادیوتراپی داخلی با منبع مایع، درمان سیستمیک نام دارد، بدین معنا که درمان در خون به تمامی بافت ها می رسد و سلول های سرطانی نابود می شوند.
چرا افراد مبتلا به سرطان، تحت درمان رادیوتراپی قرار می گیرند؟
از رادیوتراپی در درمان سرطان و تسکین علائم استفاده می شود. این شیوه درمانی به پیشگیری از بازگشت مجدد سرطان، توقف و یا آهسته کردن رشد سلول های سرطانی کمک می کند.
رادیوتراپی خارجی، با کوچک کردن تومورها به تسکین درد و یا سایر مشکلات ناشی از وجود تومور مانند مشکلات تنفسی و یا عدم کنترل مثانه کمک می کند. درد ناشی از پخش شدن سرطان به استخوان نیز با رادیوتراپی سیستمیک قابل درمان و کنترل می باشد.
از رادیوتراپی در درمان کدام سرطان ها استفاده می شود؟
از رادیوتراپی خارجی در درمان بسیاری از سرطان ها استفاده می شود.
از براکی تراپی نیز در درمان؛ سرطان گردن، سرطان سینه، سرطان دهانه رحم و پروستات استفاده می شود.
در درمان انواع خاصی از سرطان تیروئید، رادیوتراپی سیستمیک از سوی پزشک تجویز می شود.
در برخی بیماران، تنها یک شیوه درمانی کفایت می کند. اما در بیشتر موارد، رادیوتراپی در کنار سایر شیوه های درمانی مانند جراحی و یا شیمی درمانی برای بیمار در نظر گرفته می شود.
امکان انجام این شیوه درمانی، قبل و بعد از سایر شیوه های درمانی و به منظور افرایش اثر بخشی درمان، وجود دارد. زمان مناسب انجام رادیوتراپی به عواملی از قبیل نوع سرطان و هدف از انجام این شیوه درمانی (درمان سرطان و یا تسکین علائم) بستگی دارد.
مزایای رادیوتراپی و جراحی عبارت است از:
- پیش از جراحی: کوچک تر شدن اندازه تومور و تسهیل برداشتن تومور حین جراحی
- در طول جراحی: انجام رادیوتراپی حین جراحی باعث می شود اشعه بدون عبور از پوست، به ناحیه مورد نظر برسد. به همین خاطر، آسیبی به بافت های اطراف وارد نخواهد شد.
- بعد از جراحی: نابودی سلول های سرطانی باقی مانده
نکته مهم این است که میزان محدودی پرتو باید دریافت شود. بسته به میزان پرتویی که برای ناحیه درمان نیاز است، ممکن است دیگر رادیوتراپی در همان ناحیه برای بار دوم مناسب نباشد. اما در صورتی که ناحیه مورد نظر، میزان مناسبی پرتو دریافت کرده باشد، امکان درمان در ناحیه دیگر وجود دارد، البته در صورتی که فاصله میان دو ناحیه از هم به نسبت زیاد باشد.
عوارض رادیوتراپی
آیا رادیوتراپی عوارضی را به همراه دارد؟
رادیوتراپی نه تنها باعث نابودی و توقف رشد سلول های سرطانی می شود، بلکه ممکن است بر روی سلول های سالم اطراف نیز تاثیر بگذارد. آسیب دیدن سلول های سالم، یکی از عوارض رادیوتراپی می باشد.
بسیاری از بیماران بعد از رادیوتراپی، احساس خستگی می کنند.
عوارض این شیوه درمانی به ناحیه ای که تحت درمان قرار می گیرد نیز بستگی دارد. به عنوان مثال، رادیوتراپی سینه می تواند با عوارضی مانند ریزش مو، خستگی، تورم و سفتی سینه ها همراه باشد. اسهال، خستگی، ریزش مو، تهوع و استفراغ و تغییرات پوستی از جمله عوارض رادیوتراپی در ناحیه لگن می باشد.
سلول های سالمی که حین رادیوتراپی آسیب می بینند، طی چند ماه بعد از درمان بهبود می یابند. گاهی ممکن است مدت زمان بهبودی کمی طولانی شود.
آیا بعد از رادیوتراپی، رژیم غذایی خاصی نیاز می باشد؟
رادیوتراپی می تواند با عوارضی مانند تهوع، زخم های دهانی و یا مشکلات خوردن همراه باشد. از آن جایی که بدن جهت ترمیم آسیب به انرژی نیاز دارد، مهم است بیمار بعد از درمان، رژیم غذایی سالم و محتوی کالری و پروتئین داشته باشد.
چه مدت بعد از رادیوتراپی می توان به محل کار برگشت؟
برخی بیماران در طول دوره درمان قادر به سر کار رفتن هستند. اما برخی افراد نمی توانند برای مدتی کار کنند. زمان مناسب بازگشت به محل کار به شرایط جسمانی بیمار بستگی دارد. بهتر است در خصوص این مورد با پزشک خود مشورت داشته باشید.
معمولا بیمار در اولین جلسات درمان احساس ناخوشایندی ندارد، اما به مرور زمان، از انرژی بدن کاسته می شود و بیمار احساس ضعف دارد. با پایان درمان و بعد از گذشت چند ماه، بدن به حالت قبل برمی گردد و فرد احساس بهتری خواهد داشت.Thomas Jefferson called George Mason, the United States Founding Father who built his family’s 18th century estate in Virginia, “the wisest man of his generation.” The Georgian mansion that Mason built near the Potomac River is a fitting legacy, remaining a historic attraction in Mason Neck, Virginia to this day. Gunston Hall has an exterior that’s classically Colonial, while the interior is a mix of rococo, Gothic and chinoiserie styles.
That’s a fairly stark contrast to the rustic, simple lines typically seen in homes of the era and those that the authors of the historic White Pine Monographs preferred to cover. All of the ornate details seen within are b elieved to have been carved by two indentured servants from England, William Buckland and William Bernard Sears, including the woodwork.
While, in the words of the authors, the house “suffered some defacements” after it passed out of the hands of the Mason family, it was restored by a later owner in 1912 and became a museum in 1949 after being willed to the state.
“Of all the seats on the Potomac River, Gunston Hall is the most well studied adaptation of the English Georgian style and presents a splendid picture of a Tidewater Virginia house. Although only a story and a half high, and simple in design, it was evidently the work of one who knew and valued the virtues of proportion and dignity and delicacy of detail.”
Read more about Gunston Hall and other historic Colonial architecture at the White Pine Monograph LIbrary.
But for a dramatic 1814 attack, Alexandria, Virginia could have been Baltimore. The Potomac River city that began as a Doeg Indian settlement and grew into a flourishing village funded by the tobacco trade was poised to act as one of early America’s great ports, but it wasn’t to be. British frigates took the town and the officer in charge of the fort that was supposed to offer protection blew up his arsenal, acknowledging the futility of the effort.
Just over a decade later, a fire swept the town, destroying 53 houses and Alexandria’s remaining hopes for rapid growth. Baltimore picked up where it left off. But as recorded in this issue of the White Pine Series of Historic Monographs, this series of events has led to a sort of frozen record of the architecture of the time.
“Alexandria’s loss, however, is perhaps the gain of architectural students and antiquarians today, for in the little town the march of progress has not swept aside so much of the simple, lovingly detailed work of the late eighteenth century and the early years of the nineteenth as in other places where the work of these years has so largely been destroyed in the making of what were fondly thought to be improvements.”
“Most widely known among the buildings that still remain, wholly or in part, are three that have unusual significance, not only architecturally but as settings for historic events in the early days of the republic. These are Christ Church, the Carlysle House and Gadsby’s Tavern.”
Read more at the White Pine Monograph Library.
Concerned that twelve years and one hundred thousand miles of touring America looking for exemplary houses had exhausted the supply, the editor and writer of the White Pine Monograph Series were surprised to find that the country has even more beautiful Colonial-era architecture than they had imagined. But some of it is hidden away, designed by no-name architects or otherwise obscured from public awareness.
“One never ceases to wonder at the quantity of good work done by the early builders of this country; the consistency with which they erected houses, churches, public buildings, that have stood the test of time and through changing conditions of living and public taste have survived to be admired and appreciated by those who study them.”
In 1931, their travels took them on the road between Washington, D.C. and Fredericksburg, Virginia. In this issue of the Monographs, they detail some of the most elegant and admirable structures they found in Northern Virginia.
“Virginia, perhaps with greater claim than any of the early Commonwealths, can be numbered among the first family of Colonies. Its history, full of romantic episodes and famous names, is written large upon the pages of Early America. The contributions of this colony to the outstanding architectural examples of the Colonial period are as numerous and significant as any of the original thirteen.”
Read the whole issue at the White Pine Monograph Library.
In the latter eighteenth century, American architects rediscovered the simple and classic Colonial style found in the earliest architecture of New England, and brought it to the middle and southern colonies of the United States. Written in 1916, Volume II, Issue I of the White Pine Series of Architectural Monographs explains how this revival came about, and shows off examples throughout Virginia, Maryland, New Jersey and other modern-day states.
A personal account of travels to these homes by architectural historian Frank E. Wallis, this monograph is an ode to what Wallis deems the true American typology of architecture. The buildings in which many of our nation’s most important historical events have occurred, including the signing of the Declaration of Independence, was Colonial.
Fresh from a trip to Europe, Wallis drew comparisons between the venerated architecture of the Old World and the unpretentious Colonial style, nothing that “architecture does catch some of the characteristics of those people who create it; the manners and customs of the people, who must necessarily express themselves in brick, wood, and stone and color, must be and are reflected in the buildings.”
Virginia gets special attention in this historical record. “The streets in the little villages of the South are lined with these charming and restful homes, and you will also find in the type which we will call the outhouses of the great mansions, the same care in design and the same restraint in composition and ornament which are illustrated in the charming Williamsburg, Falmouth, and Fredericksburg examples: all of them supreme in their place, and all of them creating a restful atmosphere such as you may find between the covers of ‘Cranford,” writes Wallis.
Read more at the White Pine Monograph Library.Bromine is a reddish-brown fuming liquid at room temperature with a very disagreeable chlorine-like smell. In fact its name is derived from the Greek bromos or "stench". It was first isolated in pure form by Balard in 1826. It is the only non-metal that is a liquid at normal room conditions. Bromine on the skin causes painful burns that heal very slowly. It is an element to be treated with the utmost respect in the laboratory.
Most bromine is produced by displacement from ordinary sea water. Chlorine (which is more active) is generally used to dislodge the bromine from various compounds in the water. Before leaded gasolines were removed from the market, bromine was used in an additive to help prevent engine "knocking". Production now is chiefly devoted to dyes, disinfectants and photographic chemicals.
Stephen R. Marsden (ChemTopics)Adaptive Brain Interfaces
Adaptive Brain Interfaces (ABI) is a part of European Union Information Technology's ESPRIT programme, with the central aim of extending the capabilities of physically-impaired people to access new services and opportunities. The ABI is a portable brain-computer interface based on the analysis of electroencephalogram (EEG) signals and interface of P300 based speller.
A cap with a few integrated electrodes acquires brain signals that are pre-processed and sent to a computer for further analysis. The portable brain interface has an embedded neural network classifier that recognizes what mental task the wearer is concentrating on. It does so by analyzing continuous variations of EEG signals over several cortical areas of the brain. Each mental task is associated to a simple command. This enables people to communicate using their brain activity, as the interface only requires users to be conscious of their thoughts and to concentrate sufficiently on the mental expression of the commands required to carry out the desired task. So, by composing command sequences (thoughts), the user can read a web page, interact with games, turn on appliances, or even guide a wheelchair.
Brain interface will be most successful when it is adapted to its owner. The approach is based on a mutual learning process where the user and the ABI interface are coupled together and adapt to each other. The neural network has been specifically designed to cope with the challenging problem of recognizing mental tasks from spontaneous on-line EEG signals. Although the immediate application of ABI is to help physically disabled or impaired people by increasing their independence and facilitating access to the Information Society, the benefits of such a system are extensive. Anyone can use it for other purposes, e.g. health and safety concerns (e.g. monitoring a person's level of alertness). ABI could also contribute to the medical diagnosis of brain disorders.
This report presents a subject-independent EEG(Electroencephalogram) classification technique and its application to a P300 based word speller. It also presents use of signals recorded from the brain to operate robotic or prosthetic devices. Both invasive and noninvasive approaches have proven effective. Achieving the speed, accuracy, and reliability necessary for real-world applications
Adaptive Brain Interface (ABI) is a human computer interface system that accepts voluntary commands directly from the brain to interact with the surrounding environment or to do a particular task. Sometimes it is called a direct neural interface, Brain computer interface or a brain-machine interface . It is a direct communication pathway between a brain and an external device. BCIs were aimed at assisting, augmenting or repairing human cognitive or sensory-motor functions. The approach, on which the ABI is based, as the name implies, is the adaptiveness . That means that both the system and the user adapt to each other as explained beforeانجمن بی تاوان : رسانه های ترکیه به نقل از منابع امنیتی اعلام کردند که سرویس اطلاعاتی ترکیه موفق شد یکی از مقامات گروهک تروریستی پ.ک.ک به نام تکین اوکان ملقب به “دنیز بحری” که یکی از مقامات یگان ویژه این گروهک است، در عملیاتی در منطقه مرزی گاره در داخل منطقه اقلیم کردستان عراق را خنثی کند.
تروریست اوکان در حملاتی که با هواپیماهای بدون سرنشین در سال ۲۰۱۸ انجام شد، مرکز شهر سیرنخ و فرودگاه های دیاربکر و بتمن را در سال ۲۰۲۱ هدف قرار داد و در لیست تحت تعقیب سازمان اطلاعات قرار گرفت.
اوکان در عملیات تروریستی علیه نیروهای امنیتی ترکیه شرکت داشت و به گفته منابع امنیتی دائماً بین سوریه و عراق در حال تردد بود».
منابع بیان کردند که اوکان در سال ۲۰۱۰ به پ ک ک پیوست، در سال ۲۰۱۱ به شمال عراق نقل مکان کرد و بر توسعه پهپادهای مورد استفاده علیه ترکیه نظارت داشت، قبل از اینکه در عملیات اطلاعاتی ترکیه خنثی شود.
آنکارا از “خنثی سازی” ۳ مقام پ ک ک در کمتر از ۱۰ روز خبر داده بود.
قابل ذکر است که «فهرست تروریست های تحت تعقیب» ترکیه شامل ۵ فهرست فرعی قرمز، آبی، سبز، نارنجی و خاکستری است.خبر کوتاه
پارلمان یونان سرانجام پیش نویس قانونی را تصویب کرد که راه را برای اعطای بخش چهارم وام های بین المللی به این کشور هموار می کند.
در جریان تصویب این قانون دو نماینده
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fatte poco prima della fine dell’asta?
Se un investitore presenta la propria offerta negli ultimi tre minuti dell’asta, l’offerta viene automaticamente prorogata di tre minuti. In questo modo ogni offerente ha la possibilità di fare un’offerta più alta.
Quando viene negoziato il contratto di compravendita?
La vendita tramite Debitos evita lunghe trattative contrattuali. Il venditore mette invece a disposizione il suo contratto di compravendita nell’ambito della due diligence. Per i prestiti non garantiti, Debitos offre un modello di contratto standardizzato.
Che informazioni vengono fornite sulla piattaforma dati?
Si può affermare che informazioni più esaurienti si traducono generalmente in prezzi d’acquisto più elevati. Il venditore può utilizzare i file di esempio forniti da Debitos o inviare i propri file.
In che modo Debitos garantisce la protezione dei dati?
La piattaforma di Debitos è stata sviluppata in conformità con la legge federale tedesca sulla protezione dei dati. Tutti i dati sono memorizzati in un centro dati in Europa che soddisfa gli elevati requisiti della legge tedesca sul sistema creditizio (KWG). Inoltre, per la trasmissione dei dati viene utilizzata una crittografia SSL a 256 bit. Tutti gli utenti della piattaforma sono sottoposti alla protezione dei dati.
Chi paga le commissioni?
Oltre alla commissione che viene applicata una volta conclusa la transazione (commissione sul valore finale di vendita), viene applicata una commissione di pubblicazione di €5.000 nel momento in cui viene caricata un’asta sulla piattaforma. La commissione di pubblicazione è a carico del venditore. Il venditore paga la commissione sul valore finale di vendita, a meno che non sia specificato diversamente nell’offerta di acquisto e quindi dovrà essere pagata dal compratore. La struttura delle commissioni può essere consultata sul sito.Paks is a game in the same fishing family as Cassino. Unlike many of the other games in that family, however, Paks can support up to six players. Two or three players play as individuals, while four or six play in two- or three-player teams, respectively. (It cannot be played by five.)
Phil Laurence, a structural engineer and nuclear power expert, is the inventor of Paks. Game collector and author Sid Sackson helped Laurence to clean up its rules, and like Mate, he spread Paks to a wider audience by including it in his 1969 compendium A Gamut of Games. Sackson praised the game’s “delightful originality” and declared it “could easily start a craze”.
Object of Paks
The object of Paks is to be the first to score 500 or more points. This is done by forming combinations of cards called paks. Paks are formed by using cards from the hand to capture cards from the table. A player may also steal their opponents’ paks.
Paks uses a standard 52-card deck when played by two players and a 104-card deck, formed by shuffling two 52-card decks together, when played by three or more. It’s not necessary to ensure that the backs are the same, so a two-deck set of Denexa 100% Plastic Playing Cards is all you need for a larger game. You will also need pencil and paper to keep score with.
The player to the dealer’s left goes first. This player begins by drawing one card from the stock and revealing it to the other players. If it is of a suit that isn’t represented on the board, the player must play it to the board. This action, called feeding the table, ends their turn.
If it the card drawn is the same suit as one of the board cards, the player adds it to their hand. Then, their turn proceeds as follows: they may form one pak, then, if they do, they may steal one or more paks from their opponents.
When there is at least one card of each suit on the board, it is called a full table. In these situations, a player does not have to show their drawn card to the other players. However, they are compelled to make a pak, if able. If they are not, they must reveal their hand to their opponents and their turn ends.
If the player can add the drawn card to their hand, they then have the opportunity to capture a card from the board. This is done by playing one or more cards of the same suit that have a higher combined value than the card captured. For the purposes of capturing, the cards have the following value:
- Ace—20 points
- K, Q, J—10 points
- all other single cards—face value
- 5-5—55 points*
- 5-4—54 points
- 5-3—53 points
- 5-2—52 points
- 4-4—44 points*
- 4-3—43 points
- 4-2—42 points
- 3-3—33 points*
- 3-2—32 points
- 2-2—22 points
*There is only one card per rank in each suit in a two-player game. Therefore, the pairs, denoted above with an asterisk, are not available in two-player games.
For example, to capture the J♦, worth ten points, the player must play any combination of cards with a value of eleven or greater. Therefore, the A♦ alone (20 points) will do it, K-2♦ (10 + 2 = 12 points), 9-4♦ (9 + 4 = 13 points), or even a combination such as 5-5♦ (55 points) or 3-2♦ (32 points).
Upon capturing a card, the player places it, plus all of the cards from the hand used to capture it, face-up on the table in front of them. They overlap the cards slightly to allow all of their indices to be seen. This group of cards is called a pak.
If a player already has a pak of the same suit as the new one, the two are kept separate. They do not combine the new pak with the existing one.
If a player forms a pak on their turn, they may steal one or more paks from the other players. A pak is stolen the same way as a single board card is captured: by playing one or more cards that have a combined value higher than that of the pak.
The value of a pak is calculated by adding together the values of each of the individual cards. Combinations in the pak now count as their singleton values. For example, a consider a pak that was formed by capturing the A♣ (20 points) with the 5-2♣ (52 points). The value of this pak is only 27 points (20 + 5 + 2), not the 72 points that one would get by continuing to count the 5-2 combination as 52 points.
A player may not steal any paks of the same suit as the pak they formed at the beginning of the turn. Additionally, a player may not steal paks of the same suit from multiple players. The only time a player may steal more than one pak of the same suit is if they all belong to the same player. In this case, the player need only play a combination of cards with a value greater than the total value of the paks they wish to capture. A player does not have to be able to steal each pak singly. For example, if a player holds 10-5-2♠, this is 62 points, more than enough to steal an opponent’s paks of K-7♠ and 9-6♠, which have a combined value of 32 points.
When a player steals multiple paks of the same suit, they combine all of the cards stolen and the cards used to steal them into one big pak. (Using the example in the previous paragraph, the player would now have a pak of K-10-9-7-6-5-2♠, with a value of 49 points.) If a player already had paks of that suit, however, the pre-existing paks are kept separate from the new one.
A player may steal paks from teammates in four- or six-player games. However, there is usually little reason to do so.
Ending the hand
Game play stops when the stock is exhausted. The player drawing the last card takes their turn as normal, and the hand ends after their turn. In a partnership game, each of the partnerships now move their paks so that they are together in front of one of the players. They do not, however, combine the paks together. Each player simply discards the cards in their hand, which take no part in scoring.
Each player or team counts the number of each paks that they held of each suit. The lowest number of paks held in each suit is then noted. The players or teams must then choose that number of paks of that suit and discard them. For example, at the end of a game, Alpha has four paks in hearts, Bravo has three, and Charlie has one. Each of them must choose one heart pak to discard.
The players or teams then calculate their score for the hand by adding the values of their remaining cards. For the purposes of scoring, the cards count as follows:
- Aces—20 points.
- Kings through 8s—10 points each.
- 7s and below—5 points each.
The scorekeeper then records these hand scores on the scoresheet.
The deal then passes to the left, and another hand is played. Game play continues until one of the players or teams scores 500 or more points, winning the game. In the event of a tie at 500 or more, tiebreaker hands are played as necessary.Ch3-24 frequency counter electron-counting
Also, this device can be called: Ch324, Ch3 24, Ch З24, ChЗ-24, Ch З24, ChЗ 24.
Ch3-24 frequency electron-counting is designed to measure frequency, period and frequency ratio elektrokolebany for arbitrarily chosen time.
One-line digital display with memory and access to the recording device.
Measuring range frequency sinusoidal signals - from 10 Hz to 50 MHz.
The range of frequencies in the measurement period, - from 0 to 1 MHz.
Frequency meter Ch3-24 has a remote control.
Measuring range extended periods of sinusoidal signals - from 0.01 ms to 100 s.
Measuring range extended periods of pulse signals - from 1 ms to 100 s.
Range summation accounts sinusoidal signals - from 10 Hz to 50 MHz.
Voltage of a sinusoidal input signal - from 0.1 V to 100 V.
Input impedance Ch3-24 - 10k.
Input capacitance - 50 pF.
A sinusoidal signal output from the frequency - 1 MHz to 10 MHz.
Measurement time - from 1 ms to 10 s.
Time display - 0.1 s to 5 s.
When measuring the ratio of the frequencies of the high-frequency range compared frequencies - from 1 Hz to 50 MHz.
In the summation of the maximum count rate - 50 MHz.
Capacity of the counter - 99,999,999 units.
Dimensions frequency Ch3-24 - 480x120x420 mm.
Weight - 14 kg.
Operating temperature - from +15 ° C to +35 ° C.
Relative humidity - 80%.
Mains voltage - 220 V.
Supply frequency - 50 Hz.
Power consumption of frequency - 20 V • A.
Frequency Ch3-24 can be used to configure, test and calibration distinct transmitter-receiver paths, filters, generators, to configure communication systems and other devices.Alanyaspor ile Trabzonspor arasında oynanacak olan Ziraat Türkiye Kupası finali 29 Temmuz'da Atatürk Olimpiyat Stadı'nda oynanacak. Mücadele saat 21.30'da başlayacak.
Merakla beklenen Ziraat Türkiye Kupası'nda finalinin tarihi ve saati belli oldu.
Trabzonspor ile Aytemiz Alanyaspor kulüpleri arasında yapılacak Ziraat Türkiye Kupası finali, 29 Temmuz Çarşamba günü saat 21.30'da Atatürk Olimpiyat Stadı'nda oynanacak.
Trabzonspor yarı finalde Fenerbahçe'yi, Alanyaspor ise Antalyaspor'u elemişti.Da cosa è composta la tua personalità?
Scopriquali sono i vari componenti che formano la tua personaità con questo test!
Analisi del tuo profilo
Chi ti dirà presto che ti ama?
Quale sarà la tua vita amorosa tra 100 giorni?
Quale amica/o appare nei tuoi sogni?
Qual è la parte più perfetta del tuo corpo?
Quante volte hai bisogno di fare l'amore?
Chi sta cadendo ai tuo piedi?
Scopri come sarai dopo la chirurgia plastica!
Tu 5 anni fa. Tu fra 5 anni.
Quale noto antenato veglia su di te dal Paradiso?
Chi veglia segretamente su di te?
Quante persone sognano di dormire con te e quante di ucciderti?
4 buone ragioni sul perchè sei eccezionale!
Felice VS Arrabbiato/a
Scopri chi sposerai!
Quale parola da cinque lettere ti riassume meglio?
Vedi più test...August 15, 2018
Environmental humidity can be pretty troublesome for asthmatics. Here is how heightened moisture content in the air, typically associated with the rainy months, can trigger frequent asthma attacks.
Asthmatics often find themselves struggling to fill their lungs with fresh air especially when common allergens like dust, pollen, or even some smells are around. A lesser known fact is that their struggle becomes much more distressful during the rainy season when humidity is at its peak. Air laden with water particles usually also carries additional triggers that make life tougher for patients with respiratory ailments, especially those who have a history of asthma.
Humidity can affect asthmatics due to the following three reasons:
Humid air is denser and hence more difficult to inhale – Humid air is naturally heavier than its drier counterpart. Your body temperature usually rises when you exert yourself more to breathe such air. For non-asthmatics, the extra energy needed to breathe during the rainy season only translates to copious amounts of sweat and increased consumption of water to counter it. On the contrary, for asthmatics who spend more time outdoors, these effects kick off a series of symptoms that can bloom quickly into a full-fledged asthma attack.
Rainy Season Brings a Drop in the Temperature – Rain bring a sudden drop in temperature, especially after a hot summer. For most people this cooling effect is a cause for celebration, however, for asthmatics, it can be bothersome. When you have asthma, your airways react adversely to a sudden swing in temperature. The inflammation in your lungs can worsen during the rain, making breathing more laborious.
Increased Number of Allergens – Increased humidity also proportionally increases the number of allergens around you. Most pollutants tend to attach themselves to the water particles in the air and stay suspended at ground level for long. Mould grows faster in wetter conditions, and dust mites too find the humid air conducive for multiplying. Breathing in air that is pregnant with all these allergens can be quite hazardous for asthmatics.
If you are an asthmatic, you can take some of the steps mentioned below to counter the effects of heightened humidity during the rain:
Stay indoors during the day to avoid excessive exposure to allergens. If you are fond of exercising, try switching to an indoor gym or swimming pool for a couple of months during the rainy season instead.
Protect yourself against sudden temperature changes by dressing up adequately. Keep your body warm to avoid triggering symptoms of asthma.
An air-conditioner can be helpful in cutting down the humidity as can a de-humidifier. These appliances can help keep dust mites out of your house.
Keep your bathrooms dry to prevent the growth of mold.
Consider getting an air purifier for your home to get rid of suspended air pollutants.
Get latest updates from AccessSubscribe to our newsletterThe Italian scientific base P.N.R.A. is located in the Bay of Terranova. The National Program of Searches in Antarctica is there to support and develop scientific and technological research in Antarctica, and looks into several fields of global strategic interest such as global changes, climatic processes, the structure and evolution of the oceanic ecosystem, space weather, and astrophysics.
The National Research Council (CNR), a public organisation, is to carry out, promote, transfer and improve research activities in the field of ‘scientific advancement’. It also looks at how this knowledge can be applied for technological, economic, and social development.
The project aimed to secure a full-proof solution for the research center’s underground hot water. The extreme temperatures in the Antarctica posed a great challenge to do achieve this without the possibility of frozen, cracked pipes. Additionally, they were looking for an easy installation in the difficult, and permanently frozen ground conditions that could secure a sustainable, and headache-free supply.
In total, 460 meters of Flexalen 600 and 390 meters of Flexalen 1000+ were installed to connect the power plant and the house. Before they decided to use Flexalen pipes, they had the pipes tested by the C.N.R. (National Research Council) in a climatic chamber at -80°C. This conclusively demonstrated they were fit for purpose.Flags at half-mast for National Day of Remembrance and Action on Violence Against Women
Flags at all schools and administrative buildings will be lowered to half-mast from sunrise to sunset on Thursday, December 6, 2012, to mark National Day of Remembrance and Action on Violence Against Women.
December 6 is the National Day of Remembrance and Action on Violence Against Women in Canada. Established in 1991 by the Parliament of Canada, this day marks the anniversary of the murders in 1989 of 14 young women at l’École Polytechnique de Montréal. They died because they were women.
As well as commemorating the 14 young women whose lives ended in an act of gender-based violence that shocked the nation, December 6 represents an opportunity for Canadians to reflect on the phenomenon of violence against women in our society. It is also an opportunity to consider the women and girls for whom violence is a daily reality, and to remember those who have died as a result of gender-based violence. And finally, it is a day on which communities can consider concrete actions to eliminate all forms of
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detected and hard linked. However, this procedure has the disadvantage that all machines to be secured have to be available for the backup time. That procedure can in many cases not be feasible, for example, if notebooks shall be backed up using storeBackup. Specifically with notebooks we can find a high overlap rate of files since users create local copies. In such cases or if servers are backed up independently from one another, and the available hard drive space shall be utilized optimally through hard links, storeBackup is able to hard link files in independent backups (meaning: independent from each other, possibly from different machines).
Splitting files into parts: blocked files
The method of compressing and hard linking files works pretty well for
``normal'' files like office, configuration, program code and all
other type of small files.
It more or less fails for big image files where only parts are changed. Such a file with e.g., 3 GB has only a few megabytes of changes, but the method described above would copy or compress the whole 3 GB into the backup, which is neither space nor time efficient. To solve this problem, storeBackup can handle such files in a special way.
In the configuration file you can specify which should be handled as ``blocked files''. For these blocked files, a directory instead of a plain file is created in the backup. (The name of the directory is identical to the original file name.) The affected file from the source is not stored as a whole in the backup - instead it is stored as (small) numbered blocks in the created directory. These blocks can be compressed.
In the next backup (after something has changed in the original file,) storeBackup checks which of these blocks have changed and only copies / compresses that blocks. For the now missing unchanged blocks a hard link is generated to the fitting blocks in the old backup(s). This md5 sum based comparison is also done with other blocked files, so if you duplicate a VM for different use, storeBackup will find the identical blocks. It will also find identical blocks within one blocked file. (This happens when unused areas in an image are blanked or massively when saving sparse files.)
As a result the needed space is reduced dramatically (compared with copying / compressing the whole file) and it is still possible to restore the contents of the original file without a running storeBackup which is the philosophy of storebackup (restoring is the most important part of a backup) and might be useful in e.g., 10 years. (Who knows what's happening then!?)
For the deletion of files storeBackup offers a set of options. It is a
great advantage for deletion when each backup is a full backup, those
may be deleted indiscriminately. Unlike with traditional backups,
there is no need to consider if an incremental backup is depending on
The options permit the deletion or saving of backups on specific workdays, first or last existing backup of the week/month or year. It can be assured that a set of a minimum number of backups remains. This is especially useful if backups are not generated on a regular basis. It is possible to keep the last backups of a laptop until the end of a four week vacation even though the period to keep it is set to three weeks. Furthermore it is possible to define the maximal number of backups. There are more options to resolve the existence of conflicts between contradictory rules (by using common sense).A new study shows that the design of 150,000 miles of guardrail in the United States is dangerously out-of-date and unsafe for sport utility vehicles and small trucks.
Researchers from the University of Cincinnati and the Center of Excellence in Dyna Analysis, who used computer modeling to conduct the study, will recommend replacing the guardrail to the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA).
The tests showed that larger vehicles such as pickup trucks and SUVs are more likely to snag on common guardrail systems and roll over, raising the risk of serious injury.
To perform the study, Dr. Ala Tabiei, an assistant professor in Cincinnati's department of aerospace engineering and engineering mechanics, created a virtual reality computer program that simulated vehicles crashing into guardrails.
"The guardrails need to be modified because they were designed 30 years ago. They need to be modified for the new vehicles," Tabiei said.
Replacing all of the guardrails would cost billions, so Tabiei came up with a plan that would be considerably cheaper.
He will recommend changing several parameters of the guardrails – such as amount of spacing between the posts holding the rails, the depth at which the posts are embedded into the ground, and the height of the rails themselves – to allow the system to absorb more impact.
"There will be minimal cost – the only thing they have to do is cut the post and move it," he said.
New guardrail installments can incorporate the new design, he said. Old guardrails must be changed every 10 years according to FHWA standards, so the new design can be implemented on that schedule.
The FHWA, which funded the research and is responsible for guardrail safety, refused to comment on the study.
To get an accurate representation of a real crash, Tabiei validated his model against a previous real-life crash test.
"We found out we needed to change stuff [in our test model], so we did. Ultimately, the simulation captured the experimental test with a very good accuracy," he said.
The study took a year to complete. "If these design iterations would have been done through [real-life] tests only, the FHWA would have spent more than $1 million," Tabiei said. By using computer simulation, the cost was only $50,000.
Nevertheless, other agencies, such as the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration aren't ready to jump on the simulation bandwagon. NHTSA is responsible for determining the safety of vehicles, and test them by crashing cars, trucks, and SUVs into walls or into each other.
"You can't afford to be wrong, so you need a real crash-test result," said Liz Neblett, a spokeswoman for the NHTSA.
Tabiei created the computer simulation model using software called Pr-Dyna. Previous phases of the work were published in the International Journal of Finite Element in Analysis and Design in May 1999, and presented at the International Users Conference in April 1999.
The virtual reality program not only simulates a crash, but also incorporates a virtual crash-test dummy to measure the types of injuries a person would incur. The dummy represents an average-sized male (5 feet 10 inches tall and weighing 170 pounds), and a virtual camera inside the truck records the dummy's movement.
The results showed the dummy's head striking the side window multiple times after the vehicle impacted a guardrail.
Tabiei will submit his report to the FHWA next week.Tel: +44 (0)1452 503050
The Dominican of Black Friars order was founded in 1217 by St Dominic and first arrived in England in 1221. The Friars Preachers were essentially teachers and evangelists, either travelling alone about the countyside or living communally in urban friaries. The Gloucester Black Friars was founded in 1239 on a site that had once been part of the bailey of the Norman castle. King Henry III became a major benefactor of the friary, granting timber for the roofs, not only from the nearby Forest of Dean but also from royal forests in Shropshire and Dorset.
In accordance with their role as teachers, the friars at Gloucester had the distinction of establishing a library, which is the oldest surviving in Britain today. The friary prospered through the next two centuries despite a series of scandals relating to the indiscipline of the brethren. The house was in decline by the early sixteenth century with the former complement of between thirty and forty friars reduced to a prior and six brethren living in extreme poverty at the time of the Dissolution.
In 1539 Sir Thomas Bell, a wealthy Gloucester capper and clothier, purchased the property for £240.5s.4d. and set about remodelling the church into a private dwelling house with other buildings being converted into a cloth manufactory providing employment for over 300 townspeople. Bell died in 1566 and his wife a year later; the property then passed into the
hands of the Dennis family who held it until the late seventeenth century. Part of the cloistral ranges were turned into dwellings in the eighteenth century and other buildings housed a woolstapler and a stonemason’s workshop. The great hall was leased to an independent
church in 1780 and, by the early nineteenth century, a private school had been established here.
By the 1930s, Bell’s mansion had been divided into two separate houses and other tenants of the site included a printing firm and a mineral water manufacturer. The building is recognised as the finest surviving example of a Dominican Friary in Britain.
In 2012 Gloucester City Council will be operating the site as a cultural centre, available for meetings and conferences, exhibitions, weddings and other private hires and events.
With various spaces around the site and a beautifully enclosed traditional cloister garden, capacities range from 10 people in one of the smaller rooms, to 240 in the main North Range.
For further information please contact Sarah Gilbert on 01452 39 63 86 or email [email protected].
Abstract from ‘Historic Gloucester’ by Phil Moss.
This book is available to purchase from Gloucester Tourist Information Centre and local book shops.
- Visit England Code of Practice 2014
- Groups Accepted - Essential to prebook.Prior bookings must be submitted at least 6 weeks in advance
- Lawn area for marquee
- Licenced for civil marriages
- Wedding Venue
- In town/city centre - In the city centre. Five minutes from the Cross.
- Of historic, literary or architectural interest - Built between 1239 and 1270, it is the most complete Dominican priory to survive from the middle ages.
- Guide Dogs Permitted
Parking & Transport
- Car parking - The nearset car park is Blackfriar/Ladybellegate in Ladybellegate Street.
- Parking (charge)
- Max group size - maximum 50.
- Min group size - minimum 11
Tours and Demonstrations
- Educational Visits Accepted
- Guided Tours Available for Groups
- Guided Tours Available for Individuals
|Ticket Type||Ticket Tariff|
|Tours||£3.50 per ticket|
Private guided tours can be arranged with well respected and knowledgeable members of the Gloucester Civic Trust. Our guides have been offering tours of the site for many years - to put it simply - what they don't know about the history of the Priory, isn't worth knowing!
So for a fascinating and entertaining walk through our amazing collection of buildings, we recommend booking a tour. Packages for groups can be arranged, with afternoon tea and refreshments provided after the tour. Please contact us for more information.
Minimum 10 people £3.50 per person
Maximum 20 people
For larger groups, more guides can be arranged.
Pre-booked group tours are available throughout the year.
Heritage Open Days is a free event.
From the North: Get off the M5 at Junction 11, at the roundabout take the 3rd exit onto the A40 (signposted Gloucester/Cirencester). At Elmbridge Court roundabout take the 4th exit (signposted Ross). At the next roundabout take the first exit onto the A38 and then at the next roundabout take the 3rd exit onto the A417 (St. Oswald's Road). At the next roundabout take the 2nd exit onto the A417. Keep left around Westgate Island and take the first left into Westgate Street. Follow the road around into Upper Quay Street and then turn left into Bearland. Follow the road into Ladybellegate Street, turn left and the Priory is just to your right.
From the South: Get off the M5 at Junction 12, at the roundabout take the first exit onto the B4008. At the Cross Keys roundabout take the 3rd exit onto the A38. At the next rounabout continue forward. At the traffic lights continue forward (stay in the left hand lane, signposted Ross) onto the A430, Secunda Way. Continue forward on this by pass until you come to a roundabout, stay in the right hand lane and take the 2nd exit (on to Hempstead Lane). Turn right into St. Ann Way and continue forward at the next 2 sets of lights. At the major cross road turn left into Southgate Street. Follow Southgate Street and continue on to Commercial Road. Take the first right onto Ladybellegate Street and then the next right, the Priory will just be on your right.
Public Transport Directions
Short stroll from Gloucester Train and Bus Station. Come out of the Train Station and cross Bruton Way into the Bus Station. Walk through the Bus Station and out onto Station Road. Continue forward into Clarence Street. At the end of Clarence Street turn right into Eastgate Street. At the end of Eastgate Street you will come to 'the cross' which joins the four main gate streets. Turn left into Southgate Street until you reach the Tourist Information Centre on the corner of Longsmith Street. Turn right onto Longsmith Street and left onto Ladybellgate Street. Continue until you see the Priory on the left hand side.
|01/03/2015 - 30/09/2015|
* All dates and times are subject to change as Blackfriars Priory is often used as an events venue and therefore may sometimes be closed to the public.Skin allergy is most common problem and most of the skin allergy can be cured with Ayurvedic medicines very effectively. These allergies are sensitivities to external substances called allergens. This reactions are caused by our body immune system against external substances.
Most of the allergic reaction are light or moderated but some can be very lethal. Allergic reactions occur more often in people who have a family history of allergies. Skin allergies are most common and in most of the people it does not require any treatment. But in some people it need medication and can be recurrent.
In case of sever reaction one should immediately go to hospital.
Skin is human body’s largest organ. It covers and protects body from external environments and infections.
- Holds body fluids in, preventing dehydration
- Keeps harmful microbes out, preventing infections
- Helps you feel things like heat, cold, and pain
- Keeps your body temperature even
- Makes vitamin D when the sun shines on it
Anything that irritates, clogs, or inflames your skin can cause symptoms such as redness, swelling, burning, and itching. Allergies, irritants, your genetic makeup, and certain diseases and immune system problems can cause rashes, hives, and other skin conditions. Many skin problems, such as acne, also affect your appearance.
Causes of Skin Allergies
Most common allergens are Mold, Dust, Animal dander, Bee stings or stings from other insects, Foods, especially nuts, fish, and shellfish, Insect bites, Medications, Plants, Pollens. Many people have allergy-like reactions to hot or cold temperatures variations, sunlight, or other environmental triggers. Sometimes, friction (rubbing or roughly stroking the skin) will cause symptoms.
Ayurvedic Medicines For Skin Allergy
1- Haridra khanda for allergies: It is ayurvedic medicine that is used for treating allergies and managing skin diseases such as Urticaria (Shit-pitt disease). This medicine helps to improve physical, mental health and immunity. Take 5 gm twice a day with milk or hot water.
3- Dermafex Soap(BAN Lab): It is an Ayurvedic herbal soap from BAN Lab. It is unique formulated soap which key ingredients like turmeric, basil, clove oil, cinnamon and many other, these herbs has antibacterial and anti-fungal properties and completely safe on skin. It should be applied as an Alternate to General Soap during bath Or As directed by the Physician.
4- Radona Tablet & Syrup For Skin Allergy: These two are perfect Ayurvedic medicines to treat skin problem due to allergies from Solumiks. It has also ability to increase skin healing ability and makes skin glowing and fair. Syrup dosage Adults:10 ml thrice daily, Children:5 ml thrice daily or as directed by the physician. Tablet Adults: Two Tablets thrice daily Children (above 10 years): One Tablet thrice daily or as directed by the physicianقید در زبان فرانسه
آموزشگاه زبان ایران آکسفورد در این مطلب همه چیز در مورد قید در زبان فرانسه را مورد بررسی قرار می دهد. شما می توانید همه آن چیزی که از زبان فرانسه نیاز دارید را در این مطلب ببینید.
اما همه چیز در مورد قید در زبان فرانسه را ببینید:
انواع اصلی لغات فرانسوی هم مانند زبان های دیگر شامل اسامی، افعال و صفت ها هستند. با این حال، شما برای ابراز ایده ی کامل خود مسلما بیش از آن را لازم خواهید داشت. گاهی چیزهای کوچک می توانند تفاوت ایجاد کنند.
مقاله ی امروز به شما کمک می کند تا چیزهای بیش تری را درباره ی قیدهای فرانسوی کشف کنید. من مطمئن هستم که شما از قبل می دانستید که قیدهای فرانسوی از حالت پایانی “-ment” استفاده می کنند مانند “-ly” در انگلیسی، اما این تمام آن چیزی نیست که باید بدانید.
شاید شما یکی از نکات اصلی را متوجه شده باشید، اما مسائل به این سادگی نیستند. در این جا تعدادی سوال وجود دارد:
- آیا شما می دانید چند نوع قید در فرانسوی داریم؟
- آیا شما تمام انواع لغاتی را که یک قید می تواند تغییر دهد می دانید؟
- آیا شما می دانید که جایگاه قیدها در فرانسوی کجاست؟ قوانین مسلما منطقی تر از انگلیسی هستند.
بیایید ۵ دقیقه وقت بگذاریم و به تمام سوالاتتان جواب داده خواهد شد.
- – یک قید می تواند تقریبا همه چیز را به جز اسم تغییر دهد.
- – انواع زیادی قید در فرانسوی وجود دارند که حالت، زمان، مکان، تکرار، شک و غیره را توصیف می کنند.
- – قید بعد از فعلی که تغییر می دهد، می آید، اما قبل از صفت یا قید دیگری که تغییر می دهد، می آید.
- – تقریبا تمام لغات فرانسوی که به –ment منتهی می شوند قید هستند، اما تمام قیدهای فرانسوی به –ment منتهی نمی شوند.
یک قید می تواند چه چیزی را تعدیل کند؟
قید می تواند یک فعل، صفت یا قید دیگری را تعدیل کند. قید همچنین می تواند به تمام جمله مرتبط شود، و به شما بگوید گویشور به چه چیزی فکر می کند یا چه احساسی دارد. به بیان دیگر، قید می تواند تقریبا هر چیزی را تعدیل کند، به جز اسم (که توسط یک صفت تعدیل میشود)
- فعل: Je regarde(verb) souvent(adv) la télé.
- صفت: Je suisvraiment (adv) touché (adj).
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نتیجه روانه بی مال انديشي این جزیره را خالی کرد. جولیان در سرآغاز یک عروسک را برای کنار ارزيابي كردن این تهدید پارانورمالا تنظیم کرد و برفراز روح دختر کمک کرد تا اينكه بتواند ضلع سود زندگی بعدی برسد. وا این حال، "فعالیت" شبح مجرد و متاهل افزایش یافت صميميت عروسک های بیشتر بي آلايشي بیشتر داخل درختان ايستادگي گرفتند تا اهتمام کنند ولو روح ناسفته و بيوه را خنثی کنند. بي زن زمانی که جولیان جزیره را ترک کرد این هستي و عدم که عروسک بیشتری بگیرد. او حتی برای نوشيدن و تناول كردن غذا برای عروسک ها استعمال می کرد. همچنین حرف شده است که مجموع عروسک بخشی از روح عذرا است.
متاسفانه، دون جولیان سانتانا درون سال 2001 شفاعت برادرزادهش تو همان کانال که در نزاكت مال وی گفت دوشيزه کوچولو مستغرق گرفتار شيفته شده است، مرده است! (Freaky، huh؟) این جزیره در Channel Syfy حادث :اسم تازه Truth Destination واقع شد، جایی که یک تیم تحقیقاتی در نزاكت مال زمان فلق را گذراند. ظاهرا ظاهرا دیدم اخلاص صدای شنیده ام.
این جذابیت گردشگری عجیب خلوص غریب است. بسیاری دوباره به دست آوردن بازدیدکنندگان وساطت چهره های کودکانه و افلاكي مدفون ای دوباره پيدا كردن عروسک ها ظاهر می شوند که روي نظر می رسته این اعتنا را تحریک کند. صدر در طوری که آنها ضمير اول شخص جمع را به عنوان شما در گرداگرد تلنگر، من وآنها و آنها را بررسی کنید. برفراز طوری که آنها چیزی به غير این جزیره نیستند، نه روح بكر کوچک.
این جذبه توریستی عجیب صفا غریب تو جنوب مکزیکو سیتی وقوع آفريده و آفريدگار مخلوق شده است. این اندر مالکیت خصوصی است، ليك برادرزاده اکنون تورها را ادا می کند، بنابراین دسترسی سهل ميسر بي رنج به آن شاق است. نگران نباشید از هتل یا دواج خود بپرسید تا ضلع سود شما در جهت درست استعاره کند. اگر به کانال Xochimilco بروید، یک trajinera را دوباره پيدا كردن کوچه پناه Cuemanco به جزیره بگیرید.
رزرو آنلاین هتل های آنکارا
برچسب ها : دیدنی های ترکیه ,
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نوشته شده در شنبه 28 مهر 1397ساعت 15:05 توسط فرزین
| تعداد بازدید : 4Kullanan çıkar mı buradan bilmiyorum ama sorayım dedim.
Sürekli kullandığım prime lens dışında ekstra bir de kit lens var ama kit lens'i kullanmıyorum hiç. Tak gez aralıklı bir lens arayışım var. Aşağıdaki lens'i kullanan, tecrübe eden varsa yorumu lazım.
Sony SEL 18-105mm f/4 OSS G Serisi Lens
https://fotografium.com/urun/sony-sel-18-105mm-f-4-oss-g-serisi-lens-5327当地时间周一，英超的曼联足球俱乐部和阿迪达斯签署了一份9亿英镑（11亿美元）的合同，曼联将和阿迪达斯的合作关系再延长10年。这家德国运动服装巨头在2015/16赛季成为曼联足球俱乐部的官方队服赞助商，23年后重聚，并在达成7.5亿英镑的合同金额挤下竞争对手耐克，这在当时创下了球衣赞助合同金额的纪录。
曼联和阿迪达斯在一份官方声明中表示：“自2018年重新引入阿迪达斯的合作以来，新合同中增加了对曼联女足球队的关注”。
曼联在主教练埃里克·滕哈格的带领下，本赛季重返名利双收的欧洲冠军联赛，尽管曼联的美国老板格雷泽家族仍在考虑出售曼联足球俱乐部。
格雷泽家族在去年年底启动了正式的出售程序，卡塔尔谢赫·贾西姆·本·哈马德·阿勒萨尼和英国亿万富翁吉姆·拉特克利夫是潜在的买家之一。
曼联和阿迪达斯的新合同将使双方的合作关系持续到2035年6月。根据运动服装品牌巨头阿迪达斯最新的年度报告显示，和阿迪达斯的原始合同将年度付款的一部分和曼联足球俱乐部能否参加欧洲冠军联赛的资格和成绩联系起来。根据该协议，曼联足球俱乐部连续两个或两个以上赛季没能参加欧洲冠军联赛的话，其年度付款将减少适当金额的30%。
曼联没有立即就新合同的明细条款对外发表评论，阿迪达斯拒绝置评。阿迪达斯首席执行官比约恩·古尔登说：“我们将把传统和创新结合起来，以此让球员和球迷开心和喜欢”。(Disclosure of the First Part of the Sixth Report of IPCC)
On August 9, 2021, IPCC’s Sixth Assessment Report(AR6)’s first part ‘Climate Change 2021’ raised alarming warnings about natural disasters due to rising global temperature. According to the report, the earth’s average temperature is rising faster than earlier estimated. According to the estimates of scientists, the average temperature of the earth was estimated to rise by 1.5 degree Celsius by 2050 from the Pre-Industrial Revolution period. According to the report, in the next 20 years by 2040, the average temperature of the earth will cross the 1.5 degree Celsius threshold set by the Paris Climate Agreement (2015).
This threshold is shockingly going to be met 10 years sooner than what was earlier estimated to cross by the end of this century. The increase in the average temperature of the earth, oceans, and atmosphere is due to human activities. The report also states an increase in sea level by up to 2 meters by the end of this century, which cannot be ignored. Scientists preparing the report also warned that the Arctic is likely to be ‘practically sea ice-free’ in September at least once before 2050.
The report also states that each and every decade in the last four decades has been hotter than the previous ones. As seen from data, after 1970 the temperature began to rise sharply. Looking to the future, predictions are that summers will be longer and winters will be shorter in the coming decades. Extreme temperatures are expected in multiple geographical locations where temperatures could rise several degrees above the average. The frequency of heat waves incidents will increase rapidly.
Prolonged summers will inevitably impact the rain patterns and an increase in the incidents of heatwaves will adversely affect the agricultural sector. Heavy rains in some places will lead to floods and droughts in some places due to low rainfall. Rising temperatures will cause polar ice caps and glaciers to melt, rising sea levels, which could be a major problem for the coastal villages, cities, and islands. Rising ocean water temperature will further increase the probability of marine disasters, such as cyclones (hurricanes) and tsunamis.
In the report, the scientists made it clear that the rise in the earth’s average temperature is due to human activities whereas the earlier reports suggested the possibility of human activities. While human activity is playing an important role in the increasing average temperature of the earth, the real reason for it is the economic development model. Most countries in the world have indiscriminately depleted natural resources in the blind race for economic growth. According to a special report of the IPCC titled ‘Climate Change and Land’ released in 2019, human activities have changed 70 percent of the earth’s (ice-free) area.
The oceans are also being severely damaged by human activities. According to a study by Harvey, two-thirds of the ocean area is under extreme pressure from human activities. The amount of acidic matter and pollutants in the oceans are increasing which is causing various diseases to marine life, hence they are becoming extinct in large numbers. In the last week of June 2021, more than a billion marine animals died due to the heatwave in the western United States and Canada. Rising ocean temperature is increasing the number of natural disasters like cyclones and tsunamis and the magnitude of their effects.
According to a study by Singapore’s Nanyang Technological University, a 0.5 meter rise in sea level could increase the risk of tsunamis by 2.4 times and by one meter 4.7 times. According to a study by Daniel Levitt and Nico Camnada, a one-degree rise in sea water temperature would increase the wind speed in a hurricane by 5 per cent and a high-speed hurricane would wreak havoc.
Some prominent hurricanes we have seen recently are Harvey, Florence, Maria, Irma amongst others. The report also highlighted that the sea level could rise by 2 meters by the end of this century. If the sea level rises so much, many islands in the Pacific Ocean and cities along the coastal areas will suffer a lot.
The report makes it clear that by the end of the century, limiting the rise in temperature to 1.5 degree Celsius (the safe limit set by the Paris Climate Agreement) is becoming out of reach. Due to the rapid emission of greenhouse gases in the last century, the average temperature of the earth has risen by 1.1 degrees Celsius since the Pre-Industrial Revolution period and we are only 0.4 degrees Celsius away from crossing the 1.5 degree Celsius limit. Every part of a degree of temperature rise is very important. With every one-degree rise in temperature, there will be a 7 percent increase in the intensification of extreme rain events.
A special IPCC report released in October 2018 indicated that a mere half-degree Celsius rise in temperature could raise sea levels by up to 8 feet, causing damage to the human population of 3 to 8 million. At the same time, 410 million urban population will suffer from water scarcity, and 18 percent of insects, 16 percent flora, and 8 percent four-legged animals will disappear from the face of the earth forever.
With the increase in the average temperature of the earth, the frequency of heatwaves is increasing rapidly. A one degree Celsius increase in temperature is likely to increase the heat waves 5 times and a 2 degree Celsius increase is expected to increase the frequency of heatwaves 14 times. Rising temperature is not only increasing the recurring incidents of heat waves but is also increasing the frequency of other natural disasters such as droughts and wildfires. Lytton, a small town in Canada, was devastated by wildfires after a heatwave. A similar phenomenon recently occurred in Galatsona village on Evia island in Greece and the Northern California Dixie fire, to recall a few.
Climate change coupled with rising temperature is increasing the incidence of droughts. According to a 2020 report by the Council on Energy, Environment and Water, 68 percent of India’s areas are facing drought-like conditions. California in the western United States is currently suffering from drought where drought used to occur once in a decade but now it has increased by 70 percent.
The incidence of floods is also increasing with climate change. In July 2021, Western Europe experienced the worst floods for the first time in the last many decades western, hundreds of people were killed in Germany, Belgium, Luxembourg, Switzerland, and the Netherlands caused by heavy rains. In China, flash floods in Henan province in July 2021 killed at least 300 people and affected more than 1.3 million people. All over the world, the incidence of heavy rains has increased by an average of 30 percent.
In fact, droughts and extreme heatwaves have an increased frequency and the duration of forest fires. Due to the long dry weather, the severity of wildfires is on the rise. According to CalFire, six out of the top 10 largest wildfires in California have occurred in 2020 or 2021, which reflects the severity of the situation.
The report has indicated that India will also continue to be prone to natural disasters resulting from rising sea levels and rising temperatures. These disasters will affect people living in its coastal areas. With the rise in seawater temperature, the number of cyclones in the Bay of Bengal and as well in the Arabian Sea and their impact will increase.
UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres has said that the report raises serious concerns. We have very little time left to save the earth and its people from the damage caused by natural disasters. According to the Paris Climate Agreement, greenhouse gas emissions have to drastically be reduced to meet the target of 1.5 degree Celsius rise in global average temperature from the Pre-Industrial Revolution period to the end of the 21st century. The use of diesel, petrol, and coal must be reduced. Alas! Instead of declining, their use is growing at a rate of 2 percent per annum.
China, the United States, and India, which are currently emitting more greenhouse gases into the atmosphere than any other country in the world, should shut down their coal-fired thermal plants as soon as possible. Coal-fired plants are still being set up in China and India. China and the United States must quickly switch to renewable energy sources for economic growth. These countries should cut their carbon emissions as fast as European countries have done.
Although India has a very small share of global greenhouse gas emissions (2.65 Gigatonne) compared to China (10.06 Gigatonne) and the United States (5.4 Gigatonne), this does not mean that India does not require any action to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. According to the Council on Energy, Environment, and Water, 75 percent of the districts in India are suffering from one or the other kind of natural disaster. The steps to be taken to deal with climate change are in the interest of our country and its people.
The IPCC report comes just six months before the 26th session of the United Nation led Conference of the Parties. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the leaders of all world leaders to come up with a solid plan for the reduction of greenhouse gases. So far, 90 countries have submitted their plans to the United Nations to cut greenhouse gas emissions, but that would reduce emissions by only 2.3 billion tonnes by 2030.
The need of the hour is ten times more reduction in greenhouse gases otherwise our planet will warm by more than 1.5 degrees Celsius. Therefore, China, the United States, and India should play their role in cutting down their greenhouse gas emissions as these three countries emit 50 percent of the total emissions into the atmosphere. All the nations of the world must unite and take firm and concrete steps. These steps include changing the current economic development model and people’s way of life, as well as ensuring clean technology and financial assistance to the developing and least developed countries by the developed countries.
About the Author :
Dr. Gurinder Kaur is Visiting professor at IMPRI and a Former Professor of, Department of Geography, Punjabi University, Patiala.The Propagation of Pomegranates
By Ashley Braun
In my paper I’m going to explain to you what a pomegranate is and its care. I will also go in depth on the different methods of propagating pomegranates. Pomegranates are not widely grown in the United States mostly because of unfavorable climate, but also because the demand for pomegranates is not very high in the United States. This lack of interest created a small problem with finding strong research information about the pomegranates propagation. There are several different propagation methods used to grow pomegranates. Much work needs to be done to increase production and information about the pomegranate, but the field and interest in the rare fruit is growing and has the potential to double within the next ten years.
The pomegranate is native to the Middle East and South Asia. It has wandered over the centuries to China, India, the Mediterranean, California, and Florida. The pomegranate is one of the first five cultivated foods in the world. There are some trees in Europe that are known to be over 200 years old. Throughout the centuries it has been used widely in literature and art and was often seen as a sign of fertility or wealth. The pomegranate is very high in potassium, vitamin C, and antioxidants.
The pomegranate plant comes in either a tree or a shrub. It is usually grown for its large fruit, but there are some dwarf cultivars used primarily for landscaping or bonsai trees. The foliage is long, thin, and glossy in appearance. It produces small flowers usually one inch in diameter. The flowers come in a wide variety of colors, but the most common are orange and red. The fruit produced is usually two to five inches in diameter with a hard rind. The rind comes in many different colors from green, yellow, orange, and red. Inside the fruit are locules separated by a thin, bitter membrane. Within the locules are many small jewel-like objects called arils. The arils contain tart to sweet flavored juice and a small seed. The juice ranges in color from clear to a deep staining red.
The pomegranate is capable of growing in a wide range of soils as long as it has good drainage. It likes to be placed in an area with a lot of sunlight. You should plant the tree or shrub in early spring with rows 15 to 18 feet apart, but make sure to protect it from any late frosts that come along. Every spring you may also add a couple inches of mulch around the base of the tree or shrub. The pomegranate is tolerant of drought, but only cold hardy till 12 degrees Fahrenheit. It prefers very warm temperatures, which improve the flavor of the fruit. For mass fruit production sprinkler irrigation is preferred, but should not be utilized close to harvest time because it causes fruit cracking. The pomegranate is self-pollinating, or it can be cross-pollinated by insects. Cross-pollination also increases fruit set and quality. The plant requires very little fertilizer, around 5-8 ounces of nitrogen a year. Minor pruning is needed, but necessary to decrease disease and increase fruit size. You must also remember to remove the suckers from the base of the plant.
The fruit takes five to seven months to mature after it blossoms. The fruits are usually harvested September to December. Almost all harvesting is done by hand. After being picked they should be kept at optimal conditions of 32 to 41 degrees Fahrenheit and 80 to 85% relative humidity. Pomegranates can be kept that long for up to seven months. The long storage improves the flavor of the fruit.
An easy method of propagation is to do it by seed. The seeds of the pomegranate germinate very quickly, even if sprinkled on the top of the soil. They usually have little problem with dormancy since the tree is native to warm climates. Seeds are also more economical than other methods of propagation.
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in the air changes into liquid water when it touches a cooler surface. When the water in the air comes in contact with a cold surface, it condenses to form water droplets. This phenomenon is known as condensation. The reverse of condensation is evaporation reaction.
The in-depth definition of condensation is listed below.
- Condensation is when a gas turns to a liquid.
- Condensations have been defined to include those reactions in which two molecules are joined with loss of water.
- Condensation is defined as the removal of heat from a system in such a manner that vapour is converted into liquid.
In the summertime, after working under the sun when we feel very thirsty. After reaching home, when we take a cold water bottle from the refrigerator we can notice small droplets of water outside the bottle. Where did these water droplets come in the bottle? This happens due to a phenomenon called condensation.
Basic Process of Condensation
Condensation of water happens when water changes its phase from gaseous state to liquid or crystal shape. At high pressure and low temperature, any gas can condense. Technically the process of condensation can happen at any temperature as long as the pressure of the liquid state of the gas is less than the pressure of the condensing gas. The molecules in the matter slow down during the process of condensation because the heat energy is taken away, which causes a change within the three states of matter, that is it changes the matter into the solid-state.
A condensation reaction is a chemical reaction in which two molecules combine to form a larger one and a molecule of water. Condensation reactions involving alcohols as well as many other molecular types commonly occur in living organisms.
- In a condensation reaction, the removed hydrogen and hydroxide come from different molecules whereas in a dehydration reaction the removed H and OH come from the same molecule.
- In a condensation reaction, the H is removed from an electronegative atom whereas in a dehydration reaction the H is removed from a C atom.
Condensation – Water Cycle
- Condensation is important to the water cycle as it is responsible for the formation of clouds.
- Water vapour present in the air is responsible for the formation of clouds which ultimately comes down in the form of rain.
- This phase change of water between solid, liquid and gas is because of the movement of water molecules.
- In vapour form, water molecules are arranged randomly as compared to the liquid state.
- As condensation happens, water molecules become more organized and as a result, heat is released into the atmosphere leading to a change of phase from the vapour state to the liquid state.
- This generally occurs in the atmosphere when warm air rises up and cools down.
For condensation to take place, it is very important that the atmosphere is fully saturated (to reach maximum vapour pressure). Usually, condensation takes place around dust particles or smoke or microscopic bacteria. It plays a very significant role in the water cycle and thus helps in maintaining the water balance in the environment. It is also used in various industrial processes by the scientists and engineers for separating mixtures and manufacturing pure substances.
Condensation in Organic Chemistry
The term condensation is used to describe a wide variety of organic reactions resulting in the lengthening of the carbon skeleton of the molecule. However, it may be defined as a reaction between two or more molecules of the same or different compounds resulting in the formation of new carbon to carbon bonds with or without the elimination of simple molecules like water, alcohol, metallic halides etc. However, the term condensation reaction has been used in organic chemistry and often includes the formation of other bonds besides carbon to carbon.
The two types of condensation reactions are
- Intramolecular Condensation – When two functional groups of the same molecule react to eliminate a simple molecule the reaction is known as Intramolecular condensation.
- Intermolecular Condensation – The condensation reaction between two molecules of the same or different compounds is known as intermolecular condensation.
Stay tuned with Byju’s to learn more interesting topics in Chemistry. Also, get various engaging and interactive video lessons to learn more effectively.您可以将已创建或编辑的样式保存为样式库。样式名称按字母顺序排列。还可以对组、自动形状和元件应用样式
若要节省时间并保持一致性，可以通过导出样式以供他人使用来共享样式。
保存样式库
您可以将已创建或编辑的样式保存为样式库。样式名称按字母顺序排列。还可以对组、自动形状和元件应用样式。
1.从“样式”面板的“选项”菜单中选择“保存样式库”。
2.输入样式库的名称和位置。
3.单击“保存”。
导入样式
1.从“样式”面板的“选项”菜单中选择“导入样式库”。
2.选择要导入的样式库 (*.stl)。该样式库可用于 Fireworks 的多个文档和多个会话。
将样式加载到当前文档中
1.从“样式”面板的“选项”菜单中选择“加载样式”。
2.选择要加载到当前文档的样式库 (*.stl)。加载的样式可用于当前文档。
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سوال
فرض کنید فروشنده ایی کالایی را به مشتری فروخته است و مشتری نیز بعد از خرید، کالا را به شخص دیگری (ثالث) می فروشد. حال اگر معامله اول فسخ شود تکلیف معامله دوم چگونه می شود؟
تکلیف قرارداد دوم
با تحقق بیع (قرارداد خرید و فروش)، مبیع (کالا) به مالکیت مشتری در می آید و او می تواند هرگونه تصرف مالکانه در آن انجام دهد و اگر پس از آن، بیع فسخ شود تاثیری بر تصرف مشتری نخواهد داشت زیرا فسخ ناظر به آینده است و تاثیری بر تصرفات گذشته نخواهد داشت.
در صورت شرط عدم انتقال
حال اگر شرط شده باشد که مشتری تا مدت معینی حق فروش یا تصرف خاصی در مبیع را نداشته باشد و مشتری تخلف کند، تصرف او غیرنافذ خواهد بود. این شرط خلاف مقتضای ذات عقد نیست چرا که اقتضای بیع تملیک است و در عقد مذکور تملیک انجام شده اما مالک جدید از برخی تصرفات در مال برای مدتی معین منع شده است و این شرط صحیح می باشد......sarebbe meglio. Tra la musica , il traffico della strada, la gente che passa in corridoio vi è tanta confusione attutita molto poco da delle porte che sembrano di cartavelina. Le stanze sono modestamente arredate, molto basiche con il minimo indispensabile. in stanza avevo un mobile rotto e bucato ed un frigorifero che sembrava un trattore. Niente acqua nel frigo. Sinceramente non credo ci si possa aspettare di.meglio anche se il peggio non é mai morto
Il San Martín è dalla mia esperienza il migliore hotel in Popayán. Il servizio è impeccabile. Il personale farà nel suo intento di assicurare la vostra soddisfazione. Francee è stato di grande aiuto. Lei è il responsabile del servizio. In caso di problemi, dare il suo un'opportunità per risolverlo. Le camere sono molto moderne e molte offrono una magnifica vista sulla città e sulle montagne circostanti. Il ristorante al pianterreno, Home, è anche molto buono per il pranzo e la cena. La cosa migliore di questo hotel è probabilmente la sua posizione. . . . E' a meta' strada tra il centro città e un centro commerciale a nord. Dal San Martin, è possibile abbastanza facilmente a piedi ovunque in Popayán.
Albergo bello e moderno con un ottimo ristorante annesso. I nostri piani di viaggio cambiato molte volte e l'hotel era molto accomodante. L'hotel e' situato mear un centro commerciale e a 5 minuti in taxi dal centro storico della città. Le camere sono pulite e moderne, personale cordiale. La colazione è buona.
Se un ristorante sul posto è importante per voi, questo non è il posto per voi. C'era solo un bar con spuntini accanto e un piccolo chiosco fredda dolci e bevande nell'hotel, sia che chiudeva alle 8:00 la domenica sera in cui ci siamo stati. Il letto era croccante mite coperte di polvere sui cuscini e il piumino non hanno una copertura. Tra le cose positive: la camera era spaziosa e ben arredata, era una palestra ben attrezzata e la doccia stile di soffione a pioggia. A colazione che renderanno le vostre uova su ordinazione.
Ci sono stato solo in Hotel San Martin per due notti. Era ok, sicuramente non era niente di particolare o speciale, ma fornita una camera pulita ed era (relativamente) tranquilla. Immagino che se tenere le vostre aspettative in check, troverete questo un buon posto in cui soggiornare.
Siete proprietari o gestori di questa struttura? Richiedete gratuitamente il profilo per tenerlo aggiornato, rispondere alle recensioni e tanto altro ancora.Richiedete il vostro profilo“Yol Yürümekle, Borç Ödemekle” Atasözünün Anlamı-Açıklaması Nedir?
Şimdiki Yazımızda Yol yürümekle, borç ödemekle Atasözünün Anlamı-Açıklaması Nedir? Konusundan Bahsedeceğiz
Bu atasözü “Nasıl yol yürümekle, borç ödemekle bitirilirse, yapılacak herhangi bir iş de üzerinde sürekli olarak çalışmakla başarılır.” anlamına gelir.
Atalarımızın uzun denemelere dayanan yargılarını, tecrübelerini, bilgece düşünce ya da öğüt olarak ifade eden ve kalıplaşmış biçimleri bulunan kamuca benimsenmiş özlü sözlere atasözü denilmektedir.Ghostbusters
Hayalet Avcılarının 35inci Yılı
06
23
2019
Pazar
1981'de Amerikan Psikolojik Araştırmalar Derneği Dergisi'nde, kuantum fiziği ve parapsikoloji üzerine okuduğu bir makale, 29 yaşındaki Dan Aykroyd’un aklına “hayalet yakalama” fikrini getirdi. Babası “A History of Ghosts – Hayaletlerin Tarihi” kitabını yazmıştı, bu nedenle konuya hep ilgisi vardı. 1940’larda ve 1950’lerde çekilen komedi hayalet filmlerinin modern versiyonu için bir senaryo yazmaya başladı. Paranormal olayları araştıran 3 para-psikolog’un, üniversiteden atılmaları ve hayalet yakalama servisini kurmalarını anlatan filmde, Peter Venkman rolünde Bill Murray, Ray Stantz rolünde senaryoyu yazan Dan Aykroyd ve Egon Spengler rolünde Harold Ramis yeraldı. Hayalet avcılarını çağıran müşteri Dana Barrett rolünde önce Julia Roberts düşünülmüştü ancak sonradan Alien filminin başrol oyuncusu Sigourney Weaver’da karar kılındı.
Ivan Reitman tarafından yönetilen “Ghostbusters – Hayalet Avcıları” filmi Haziran 1984’de sinemalarda gösterime girdi. Dünya çapında 300 milyon $’a yaklaşan gelir elde ederek, zamanının en çok hasılat yapan komedi filmi ünvanını aldı. 1985’de VHS kaseti 400 bin adet sattı. Ray Parker Jr tarafından seslendirilen filmin müziği, Billboard listelerinde 3 hafta birinci sırada ve toplam 21 hafta listelerde kaldı. Mart 1985’de düzenlenen 57.Oscar Töreninde “En İyi Film Müziği” ve “En İyi Görsel Efekt” ödüllerini aldı. Ghostbusters II ise, 1989’da sinemalara geldi. 2016’da orijinal filmin tekrar çevrimi sinemalarda gösterildi. Komedi filmleri tarihinin en ünlüsü, 35.yılını kutluyor.
BilgiBeyaz Saray'dan yapılan açıklamada, ABD'nin Yeni Zelanda'da gerçekleştirilen terör saldırısını şiddetle kınadığı belirtilirken, cami saldırısı, 'nefret eylemi' olarak nitelendirildi.
TRUMP: ŞUURSUZCA ÖLDÜRÜLDÜLER
ABD Başkanı Donald Trump ise, "Camilere yönelik saldırı sonrası Yeni Zelanda halkına en samimi sempati ve iyi dileklerimi sunuyorum. 49 masum insan şuursuzca öldürüldü ve birçoğu da yaralandı. ABD Yeni Zelanda'nın yanındadır. Tanrı hepimizi korusun" ifadelerini kullandı.Chapters
Please note that all translations are automatically generated.
Memeli integument bireysel türlerin kimyasal bileşimleri özelliği sağlayabilir çözücü-ekstrakte lipidler içerir. Bu çalışma, ince tabaka kromatografisi kullanılarak deriye ait dokulardan izole geniş bir lipit sınıfları ayıran ve matris destekli lazer desorpsiyon / iyonizasyon time-of-flight kütle spektrometresi ile triasilgliseridler profilini belirlemek için rutin bir yöntem sunar.Dört yüz yıl sonra kendileri ve sürüleri o kadar çoğaldılarki Ergenekon'a sığamadılar.Atalarının buraya geldiği geçitin yeri unutulmuştu.Ergenekon'un çevresindeki dağlarda geçit aradılar. Bir demirci, dağın demir kısmı eritirlerse yol açılabileceğini söyledi. Demirin bulunduğu yere bir sıra odun, bir sıra kömür dizdiler ve ateşi yaktılar.
Yetmiş yere koydukları yetmiş körükle hep birden körüklediler.Demir eridi, yüklü bir deve geçecek kadar yer açıldı.ilhan'ın soyundan gelen Türkler yeniden güçlenmiş olarak eski yurtlarına döndüler, atalarının intikamını aldılar. Egenekondan çıktıkları gün olan 21 martta her yıl bayram yaptılar. Bu bayramda bir demir parçasını kızdırırlar, demir kıpkırmızı olunca önce Hakan daha sonra beyler demiri örsün üstüne koyarak döğerler. Bugün hem yeniden özgür hem de bahar bayramı olarak hala kutlanmaktadırوايمکس نيوز- ناصرعلي سعادت در آيين افتتاحيه بيست و سومين نمايشگاه کامپيوتر و اتوماسيون اداري اصفهان، اظهار کرد: استان اصفهان از استان هاي پيشروي حوزه آي تي در کشور است و در حد نمايشگاه الکامپ تهران به حساب مي آيد و همانند آن 23 سال است که برگزار مي شود.
وي با اشاره به کمبود فضاي نمايشگاه اصفهان، افزود: نبود فضاي کافي لطمات زيادي را به رشد صنعت مي زند. در سال هاي گذشته قسمت پژوهش در کنار اين نمايشگاه برگزار مي شد و حمايت از شرکت هاي نوپا انجام مي گرفت.
رييس سازمان نظام صنفي رايانهاي کشور تاکيد کرد: با توجه به کمبود فضا نتوانستيم در اين نمايشگاه در خدمت بسياري از شرکت ها و استارت ها باشيم، به طوري که در اين نمايشگاه تنها 15 شرکت نوپا و استارتاپي حضور داشتند. البته در نمايشگاه سال گذشته 80 استارتاپ حضور داشتند که طي دو سال به 450 استارتاپ رسيده اند.
سعادت ادامه داد: نمايشگاه کامپيوتر تنها نمايشگاهي در کشور است که بخش هاي دولتي به صورت جدي در آن حضور دارند. با احترام به صنايع ديگر، اين نمايشگاه با تمام صنايع متفاوت است و به همين دليل از شوراي اسلامي شهر اصفهان خواهش کرديم که فضاي بيشتري را براي نمايشگاه در نظر بگيرند و در اين باره اقداماتي را انجام دهند.
وي افزود: وقتي در تهران مي توانيم هزار بخش و سازمان دولتي و خصوصي را در نمايشگاه جا دهيم، بنابراين در اصفهان هم مي شود. البته هم در تهران و هم در اصفهان تعداد شرکت هايي که حضور پيدا کرده اند به اندازه ظرفيت نمايشگاه بوده است، در حالي که بسياري از شرکت ها نتوانستند در اين نمايشگاه ها غرفه داشته باشند.
سعادت به مشارکت هر چه بيشتر بخش خصوصي در حوزه IT اشاره و خاطرنشان کرد: پس از 12 سال، وزير ارتباطات و فناوري اطلاعات اين فرصت را فراهم کرد که رييس انجمن نظام صنفي رايانه اي نيز در کارگروه تنظيم مقررات معرفي شود که با تصويب هيئت دولت نيز مواجه شود. اميدوارم بيشتر از گذشته شاهد مقررات زدايي و حضور بيشتر و روزافزون تر ÌT در سطح دولت باشيم.
وي با اشاره به سرمايه گذاري 3.5 تريليون دلاري دنيا در حوزه آي تي اظهار کرد: در دنيا نسبت IT به CT در حدود 60 به 40 است در حالي که اين رقم در ايران به صورت 80 درصد CT و 20 درصد IT است.
سعادت با بيان اينکه CT به تنهايي نمي تواند پيشرفت کند و باعث موفقيت شود، ادامه داد: هر کاري که براي CT مي کنيم بايد شش برابر آن را براي IT انجام دهيم تا اين دو به هم برسند و به صورت برابر ادامه راه دهند.
منبع: ايسناTo teleport from one place to another has, and still remains, one of the most sought-after technologies since it was first conceived in the writings of our greatest science fiction authors. Few won’t have gawped at Star Trek’s transporter and while we’ve managed to conquer many of the technologies first outlined in the series this one has evaded us so far.
Well it looks like Russia isn’t going to let that stand any longer.
According to The Telegraph, a multi-trillion pound development program for Putin would include creating a teleportation device in the next 20 years.
The reportedly £1.4 trillion development plan for Russia’s cybernetics market includes other outlandish technologies such as creating a working neural interface between humans and computers.
More rational plans include creating a dedicated Russian computing language, secure communications for the
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attraverso varie fasi. Per prima cosa lo scienziato osserva il fenomeno.. Usando i sensi e gli strumenti adatti (telescopio, microscopio, ecc..) lo scienziato osserva il fenomeno e lo descrive in modo molto dettagliato
youtube il metodo scientifico spiegato ai bambini. Non categorizzato. Alcuni bambini hanno suggerito che ciò dipende dal peso degli oggetti stessi: • Se il corpo è pesante, e perciò esercita una spinta più forte di quella dell'acqua, affonda; • Se il corpo è leggero, cioè è meno pesante e perciò esercita una spinta meno forte di. . 28 Gennaio 2021; Senza categoria; 0 Comments. LA SCIENZA, GLI SCIENZIATI E IL METODO SCIENTIFICO SPERIMENTALE Pagine per l'insegnante La scienza è lo studio di tutte le cose, viventi e non viventi, che ci sono sulla Terra e nell'Universo. La scienza studia anche i fenomeni naturali fisici e chimici (elettricità, cambiamenti di stato della materia, propagazione del suono, terremoti) Ce lo spiegano i bambini delle scuole di Pavone Canavese, Banchette e Samome Tanti disegni e schede sul corpo umano Una maestra molto brava ha raccolto per voi disegni, notizie, ricerche dei suoi allievi sul corpo umano. I nostro corpo: testo da completare Completa il testo scegliendo le parole giuste. Gioco del milionario: funzioni e apparat
Quello del bicchiere d'acqua e del cartoncino è un esperimento scientifico semplicissimo, utile per spiegare ai bambini la pressione atmosferica e i fluidi.Attraverso questo test anche i più piccoli noteranno che capovolgendo un bicchiere colmo d'acqua coperto da un cartoncino, per un gioco di forze e pressioni, l'acqua ed il cartoncino non cadranno a terra Lasciate che i bambini vi aiutino negli esperimenti, facendo attenzione alla loro incolumità. È fondamentale accendere la curiosità dei bambini sin dall'infanzia. Alcuni link che potrebbero esserti utili: Altri curiosi esperimenti da svolgere in casa con i bambini; Altri esperimenti scientifici spiegati ai più piccol Maria Montessori ( 1870-1952) pubblica nel 1909 un testo che rimarrà alla base della pedagogia moderna: Il metodo della pedagogia scientifica applicato all'educazione infantile nelle Case dei Bambini. Il metodo montessoriano mette al centro il rispetto per la spontaneità del bambino ed è il primo a offrire un'alternativa all'educazione autoritaria dell'epoca Fornite ai bambini degli indizi o ponete loro delle domande che possano aiutarli a trovare una soluzione attraverso il ragionamento. In questo modo, saranno loro, autonomamente, a trovare la soluzione. Come avete potuto vedere, è importante che i genitori stimolino il pensiero scientifico dei bambini 2 Galileo Galilei: biografia, opere e scoperte iniziali. Ritratto di Galileo Galilei ad opera di Justus Sustermans, 1636 — Fonte: ansa. A Pisa si specializza in matematica. Nato a Pisa nel 1564.
il metodo scientifico scuola primaria vide conoscenza comune per spiegare i fenomeni della realtà, all'uso di quella scientifica, supportata da opportune leggi e motivazioni»3. Del resto, la complessità maggiore dell'in-segnare sta proprio in questo: trasformare la realtà complessa in segni che siano comprensibili e intellegibili ai bambini Galileo Galilei nacque a Pisa il 15 Febbraio del 1564, da una famiglia modesta, primogenito di 7 figli. Il padre di Galileo era un musicista, ma intraprese anche la carriera di commerciante per poter mantenere la propria famiglia. Nel 1581 per volere del padre si iscrisse alla facoltà di medicina dell'Università di Pisa, ma abbandonò questi studi [ Galileo Galilei: la vita e le scoperte dello scienziato che ha introdotto il metedo scientifico e ha supportato la teoria eliocentric
Costituzione spiegata ai bambini. Lo condivido volentieri con gli iscritti Per il metodo scientifico a essere nel giusto avrebbe potuto essere quell'unico dissenziente, il soldato che non marcia con gli altri, la stella danzante nel caos Appunto di filosofia moderna per le scuole superiori che descrive la vita e le opere principali di Isaac Newton, con analisi delle leggi di gravitazione universale e la loro enunciazione Il Metodo Scientifico. Salvato da Dionis Odam. 113. Progetti Scientifici Insegnando La Scienza Scienze Dell'educazione E Della Formazione Esperimenti Scientifici Fun Science Alfabeto Sviluppo Personale Scienza Rinascimento Esperimenti e attività scientifiche per bambini di tutte le età. Scoprire la natura e il metodo scientifico in modo divertente e intuitivo
. Questo perché, ogni individuo è unico e ragiona a modo suo, per cui avrà un diverso approccio allo studio, diversi meccanismi mnemonici, una maggiore o minore capacità di rielaborazione e argomentazione Molti bambini (e adulti) odiano le iniezioni, ma spiegare a vostro figlio perché i medici utilizzano questo metodo può aiutare a rendere il tutto meno spaventoso. Anche se esistono alcuni vaccini nasali e orali, i vaccini somministrati tramite iniezione nel braccio si sono rivelati il modo migliore per insegnare al nostro sistema immunitario come difendersi Esperimenti scientifici con i bambini: perchè il cielo è blu ? 22 Giugno 2016 1 commento. Le domande sul perchè delle cose sono quelle che piu' preferisco. Temevo che crescendo sarebbero diminuite, ma fortunatamente non è stato cosi'. Una rosa ci spiega l'osmosi È solo questione di metodo. Comincia così la nostra lezione con Matteo Salvo, International Master of Memory e Guinness World Record ai Campionati Mondiali di Memoria di Londra 2013. Un vero e proprio Memory Man. Perché ogni persona ha un cervello da campione, basta allenarlo con il metodo giusto, spiega
Esperimento scientifico: la fiamma. Scopo. Dimostrare che una candela brucia in presenza di ossigeno e si spegne se viene a mancare. Età. Dai 6 anni. Materiali. Almeno tre candele vassoi e ciotole almeno tre vasetti di vetro o bicchieri di diverse dimensioni. Note di sicurezza. Insegnare ai bambini come utilizzare i fiammiferi in sicurezza. Cari bambini, questo articolo è dedicato a voi! Qui di solito scriviamo articoli con paroloni scientifici e parliamo di sordità che è una cosa che interessa i vostri nonni che non ci sentono più tanto bene, ma imparare a conoscere i suoni è importante a tutte le età, anche per voi bambini per prendersi cura del proprio orecchio e sentirci bene anche quando diventerete grandi . Alla luce di queste informazioni e soprattutto considerando l'impatto sul futuro della vita sulla Terra, spiegare l'effetto serra ai bambini appare come necessario per avviare insieme a loro un processo di cambiamento innanzitutto nelle nostre abitudini
Davvero una trovata coinvolgente quella di Luca Novelli per narrare la biografia di un grande scienziato italiano: Galileo racconta in prima persona la sua vita e il suo mondo, con linguaggio semplice e colloquiale. I disegni fanno il resto e sembra proprio di essere nel 1600, lasciando spazio anche a molti spunti per sorridere Metodo scientifico: esempi semplici. Per essere ancora più chiari, proviamo adesso a fare un esempio semplice di metodo scientifico sperimentale. Nello specifico, prendiamo in esame il noto esperimento di Pasteur. Louis Pasteur era un chimico francese che condusse nel 1881 un drammatico esperimento con l'antrace La scoperta del bambino è un saggio della pedagogista italiana Maria Montessori (1870-1952) pubblicato in Italia nel 1950, nel quale sono riassunte le origini e le caratteristiche salienti del cosiddetto metodo Montessori, un metodo ideato dalla pedagogista e diffusosi poi in tutto il mondo.. Il libro non è altro che una riscrittura di un suo precedente libro, che fu pubblicato per la prima. Spieghiamo quindi che ci sono alcuni nomi che appartengono a molte persone (ad esempio ci sono molte bambine e molti bambini) ma si sono solo un Giovanni e solo una Gaia nella nostra classe. Oggi stiamo imparando qualcosa di nuovo sui nomi: alcuni nomi indicano persone luoghi o cose molto precisi, altri nomi invece possono indicare molte persone, luoghi e cose insieme
Una semplice spiegazione (adatta ai bambini) della tensione superficiale, un fenomeno responsabile di molti effetti della natura. Una semplice spiegazione (adatta ai bambini) Incontri per scoprire la natura attraverso il metodo scientifico in modo divertente, entusiasmante e intuitivo! Pagina Facebook Madre della Pedagogia scientifica è anche l'ideatrice delle Case dei Bambini ed ha esportato il proprio Metodo in tutto il mondo. Oltre che una grande pedagogista, la Montessori fu anche una attiva sostenitrice delle battaglie per l'emancipazione femminile, per il riconoscimento dei diritti delle persone con deficit, dei poveri e degli sfruttati Qual è il modo migliore per insegnare ai bambini una seconda lingua? Una nuova ricerca porta risultati sorprendenti. . Le persone tendono spesso a pensare che i bambini siano in grado di imparare nuove lingue con facilità e senza sforzo, indipendentemente dalla situazione in cui si trovano. Ma &egr Dopo la prima parte introduttiva al metodo scientifico ci siamo prodigati a raccogliere le idee attraverso una semplice mappa concettuale e un'attività alla LIM. La mia lezione, sviluppata nel software Sankorè per la LIM, è molto semplice: presento ai bambini una mappa concettuale disfatta che loro dovranno ricomporre trascinando i vari blocchi, ed eventualmente, aiutandosi con le frasi.
Il metodo scientifico o metodo sperimentale è la modalità per scoprire la conoscenza di una una realtà oggettiva, non falsificabile e condivisibile. Il metodo sperimentale spazia dalla filosofia all'economia passando per la fisica Come abbiamo accennato, il metodo scientifico consiste nella raccolta di dati tramite l'osservazione e l'esperimento al fine di formulare ipotesi e teorie. Si tratta della modalità con cui la scienza indaga sulla realtà ed è il metodo più affermato nel processo di definizione della conoscenza In questo contesto il metodo scientifico funge da antidoto nei confronti di atteggiamenti superficiali e dispersivi permettendo la costruzione di schemi interpretativi (operativi e formali) e affinando le competenze dei bambini in modo da renderle sempre più adatte per un raccordo degli schemi stessi con il mondo di oggetti e di fatti che li circonda It can't be played in your browser. Download . cos'è il metodo scientifico scuola primaria. By 1 minuto ago No Comment
Il metodo sperimentale n le ipotesi sono supposizioni che tendono a spiegare ciò di cui non si ha conoscenza certa e che perciò devono essere confermate da altre prove. 1 In relazione all'osservazione scientifica, indica l'afferma-zione sbagliata . Pubblicato in. Didattica , Scienze , Scuola Primaria. Scuola Primaria - Schede didattiche di Scienze: gli scienziati, il metodo sperimentale, gli strumenti degli scienziati. La scienza e i suoi studiosi , copertine di scienze (Maestra Mary analisi logica con metodo grafico Questo metodo è ispirato alla psicogrammatica montessoriana , anche se sono presenti alcune variazioni significative. Per cominciare, abbiamo rappresentato un Sole, composto dal nucleo (rosso), dalla corona solare (gialla) e da otto raggi (arancioni) Chiediamo ai bambini di elencare il nome di qualche scienziato che in qualche modo studia la Storia. Dopo il brainstorming dettiamo le definizioni di alcune categorie di scienziati della Storia e facciamole studiare. Gli scienziati della Storia *Lo storico studia gli avvenimenti del passato e li riordina nel tempo Lo studio Di felice è formato da un team esperto in materia di progettazione, consulenza, ristrutturazione, costruzione abitazioni ed edifici, servizi di ingegeria certificazion ienergetiche e molto altro. Contattaci per un preventivo gratuito
Da questo momento in poi, i nostri bambini dovranno dedicare sempre più tempo allo studio, è quindi importantissimo che i bambini imparino come si studia. Insegnare un buon metodo di studio ai bambini fin dalla terza elementare rende il tempo dedicato all'apprendimento più proficuo e diventata tutto molto meno faticoso, anche per noi genitori Coronavirus, in arrivo una guida galattica per spiegarlo ai bambini. Pleiadi Science Farmer, società di Limena con sede a Rovereto, specializzata nella creazione di contenuti educativi volti.. Guida Galattica al Coronavirus, l'ebook che spiega ai bambini perché il mondo si è fermato. Le intuizioni di Li Wenliang, il medico che per primo intuì che qualcosa non andava, le dimensioni piccolissime che lo rendono più che invisibile, le strade che percorre per entrare nel corpo, le transenne per impedirgli di farlo, e la lotta di.
Esperimenti scientifici per bambini Perchè le foglie in autunno cambiano colore - cromatografie Cosa fare Appoggiare una foglia di spinacio su di una striscia di carta assorbente e, facendovi scorrere sopra ripetutamente il bordo di una moneta, tracciare una linea verde a circa 2 cm dal bordo Le Scienze e il Metodo Sperimentale. docenti Capecchi S. e Flammini E. Classi I D, E, F Anno 2016/2017. ollo azione del per orso effettuato nel urriolo vertiale Dal urriolo d 'Istituto (Asse Sientifio Tenologio) Traguardo di ompetenza (in ase alle Indiazioni Nazionali 2012): Esplorare la realtà an he attraverso misure, shemi, modelli. L. Galileo racconta ai bambini la sua vita e il suo mondo. Davvero una trovata coinvolgente quella di Luca Novelli per narrare la biografia di un grande scienziato italiano: Galileo racconta in prima persona la sua vita e il suo mondo, con linguaggio semplice e colloquiale
29-ott-2019 - Esplora la bacheca il metodo scientifico di Isa Lorusso su Pinterest. Visualizza altre idee su metodo scientifico, stato della materia, lezioni di scienze Il metodo Montessori è un sistema educativo che suscita curiosità e richiama sempre l'attenzione dei genitori. Maria Montessori sviluppò il suo metodo sulla base della osservazione scientifica dei processi di apprendimento dei bambini. L'idea di base è racchiusa in questa frase della stessa Montessori Aiutiamoli a fare da soli Da sempre l'uomo ha avuto la naturale attitudine di cercare una spiegazione ai fenomeni naturali a cui quotidianamente assisteva e in generale alla vita intorno a lui, per cercare di capirli e renderli meno estranei. Nell'antichità, quando le conoscenze dell'uomo non erano ancora sufficienti per comprendere le leggi della natura, questi fenomeni erano sempre ricondotti alla manifestazione dei. La scienza spiegata ai bambini attraverso il libro. di Valentina Rossi. Pubblicato il 20/10/2012 Read time: 12 mins. Libri. Da bambina sono presto diventata una vorace lettrice. Eppure non ho mai degnato di uno sguardo i libri di scienza per ragazzi che spuntavano qua e là nella mia libreria. Li trovavo noiosi e pedanti, dei libri scritti per. Il Piacere di Scoprire e organizza cicli di laboratori scientifici per bambini e ragazzi un pomeriggio a settimana. Desideriamo esplorare la natura per il gusto di scoprire cose nuove e divertirci. Ci vediamo un pomeriggio a settimana nei pressi di Spianata Castelletto (età indicativa 6-10)
Esempio di questo approccio sono le pagine dedicate al metodo scientifico: descritto nei trattati di ottica del matematico arabo Alhazen e portato in occidente da Galileo Galilei e Isaac Newton, si basa sull'ideazione e realizzazione di esperimenti per verificare le idee sulle leggi che regolano il mondo che si osserva Imparare le stagioni con il metodo Montessori. Viviamo in una zona climatica che vede il cambiare delle stagioni. Non diamolo per scontato: non tutti hanno questa fortuna! Una fortuna che può diventare anche occasione didattica e di crescita. Già, perché i bambini notano i cambiamenti, e giustamente si chiedono cosa stia accadendo
Spiegare ai cittadini il metodo scientifico deve diventare una priorita', perche' in questo momento cosi' difficile troppe persone iniziano a vedere la scienza come nemica e gli scienziati come dei dittatori: lo afferma l'epidemiologo Pier Luigi Lopalco, ospite dell'evento online 'I LOVE SCIENZA: una maratona della scienza', promosso dalla Fondazione De Sanctis in occasione della Giornata. Maria Montessori, lo sappiamo, cominciò a sviluppare questo metodo nel lontano 1897, quando l'educazione rigida e violenta tarpava le ali e la creatività a tanti bambini. Non è corretto un ambiente in cui si dice continuamente al piccolo di non toccare niente - ha spiegato la direttrice - I bambini devono esplorar e e lo spazio deve essere organizzato per indirizzarli verso le. I bambini si dispongono in un'unica fila, ciascuno di profilo e in grado di dare la mano ai propri vicini. Una volta che la fila è formata, bisogna che venga tesa: ogni bambino deve tirare leggermente verso l'esterno, in modo simile a un tiro alla fune. A questo punto, un membro esterno deve sciogliere la stretta di mano centrale Esperimento scientifico: pepe in fuga. . spieghiamo ai bambini che questo esperimento dimostra la tensione superficiale. versiamo l'acqua nel piatto. cospargiamo la superficie dell'acqua con pepe macinato. versiamo una goccia di detersivo per i piatti sulla punta di un dit
Insegnare ai bambini a litigare bene. Il litigio è forma di interazione infantile che si basa sulla richiesta di attenzioni e sul bisogno di esplorare i limiti. Come si insegna a litigare bene? Due passi indietro e Due in avanti. Il metodo litigare bene nelle scuole Fare musica giocando, ballando e cantando; imparare la musica facendola come insegnava lo stesso Carl Orff, compositore tedesco, autore dei Carmina Burana. Un fare musica lasciando libero il bambino di spaziare con fantasia nel mondo dei suoni, di sperimentare sonorità e ritmi, di creare musica attivamente. Ne abbiamo parlato con Giovanni Piazza, profondo conoscitore e interprete.
Sempre più spesso ci rendiamo
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analysis, if you will.
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This website includes materials that are protected by copyright, or other proprietary rights. Transmission or reproduction of protected items beyond that allowed by fair use, as defined in the copyright laws, requires the written permission of the copyright owners.1. The adiabatic lapse rate equation is
dT = (-g/Cp)*dh
dT = change in temperature
dh = change in height
g = gravitational constant
Cp = heat capacity at constant pressure
Thus change in temperature from the lapse rate is dependent upon 3 variables that have no dependence whatsoever upon radiative forcing from greenhouse gases. None.
Note temperature is inversely related to heat capacity (Cp), thus, water vapor increases heat capacity but this decreases temperature by up to 25C as we calculated in the first post of this series, due to the lapse rate changing from a dry to a wet adiabatic lapse rate. This proves water vapor acts as a negative-feedback cooling agent.
N2, O2, and CO2 heat capacities (Cp) are less than half that of water vapor, but are all very similar. At only 0.04% of the atmosphere, an increase in CO2 would cause a trivial increase in Cp, which since the lapse rate equation says Cp and temperature are inversely related, would cause a slight cooling.
2. Secondly, even if the atmosphere was 100% nitrogen N2, with no greenhouse gases, the pressure change with altitude and thus convection and the lapse rate would be almost the same as the current atmosphere.
We can prove this using the well-known barometric formulae, which are based on the ideal gas law and kinetics of gases (a "Boltzmann distribution"), are completely independent of greenhouse gas radiative forcing, and demonstrate a 100% greenhouse-free atmosphere of the same mass would have a nearly identical lapse rate, nearly identical height at the center of mass, and the surface would be just as warm or warmer than the current atmosphere.
As the lecture notes below show, to answer the question,
"What is the ratio of atmospheric pressure in Denver at 1 mile to that at sea level (assume the atmosphere is 100% Nitrogen N2)?The solution uses the molecular weight of N2, the Boltzmann gas constant, Avogadro's number (constant) and well known standard barometric formula to determine the pressure ratio between sea level and one mile is 0.822, which is the same ratio (0.823) calculated by the US Standard Atmosphere calculator for our current atmosphere. Therefore the presence of greenhouse gases in our atmosphere insignificantly affect the barometric formulae, ideal gas law, and convection which are the basis of the greenhouse equation.
We show using the same barometric formula for our atmosphere that the center of mass and equilibrium temperature with the Sun occur at ~5100 meter height:
|Solving for the center of mass of our atmosphere, which is located at 0.50 atmospheres, and which sets the location of the ERL at 255K and near mid-point of the lapse rate|
Compared to a pure Nitrogen N2 atmosphere in which the center of mass is only slightly higher altitude and at the equilibrium temperature with the Sun at ~5300 meter height:
|Solving for the center of mass of a pure Nitrogen atmosphere, which is also is located at 0.5 atmospheres, and which sets the location of the ERL at 255K and near mid-point of the lapse rate|
Additional slides from the lecture notes above on why the composition of gases don't significantly affect the barometric formulae or ideal gas law:社畜古天穿越洪荒，成为一株灵草，自带洪荒剧情指导系统。
“那你们知道那个府邸一开始是谁的吗？”爱丽丝又问道。
镇长还是摇了摇头。
“该不会什么都不知道吧？”莎洛特忍不住开口道，“既然你们说那个地方闹鬼，是怎样一个闹鬼的情况呢？”
只见镇长喝了一口浓茶，沉重地叹息一声，缓缓说道：“对于我们来说，那座府邸就是禁忌的存在，我们不能、也无法靠近。根据记载，一开始是有人从德普尼小镇中买下了那块土地，再建立起来的府邸，看上去就是一座属于贵族偶尔想度假才会来居住几日的存在，并且那座府邸也真的有仆人在打理，和当时的小镇居民也有互动，并没有什么奇怪的地方。”
“但小镇居民们所猜测的贵族一直都没有出现，再后来，打理府邸那些仆人就像突然消失了一样，再也不出现了，那座府邸就被荒废了。由于契约的束缚，小镇居民们无法靠近那片土地，也只好眼睁睁地看着那片土地变得荒芜。再后来，人们突然发现小镇里的雾气正变得越来越
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©Copyright 2019 All Rights Reserved. 电脑版 sitemap（槟城14日讯）水中分娩课题仍未明朗的当儿，卫生部正在拟定水中分娩的指南，一旦出炉，有意提供这项服务的医院可向卫生部申请；而槟州唯一有此服务的槟榔医院会继续提供这项服务。
槟榔医院发言人受《南洋商报》询问时说，该医院目前仍未接获任何来自卫生部的指示，所以会继续提供这服务，直到卫生部发出通知。
槟榔医院续提供服务
询及停止提供这服务对该院会否造成很大影响，她说，其实选这方式生产的产妇不多，而且须经医生验证符合条件才可以水中分娩。
她说，来该院的产妇多数是自然生产及剖腹产；水中分娩数据则不便透露。
隆班底医院接获禁令
水中分娩是继卫生部最近向隆市班底医院指示禁止提供此服务后，在社媒上引发争议；而卫生副总监（医药）拿督再也英德兰医生昨天说，因未证实对产妇有益，因此，该部禁止国内私立医院用水中分娩方式为产妇接生。
卫生总监拿督诺希山过后于晚间发文告说，为确保婴儿和产妇的安全，因此，该部致力于拟订一份水中分娩指南及稽查模式，目前指南处最后阶段。
“医院将来若要提供水中分娩设施及服务，须符合多个条件，包括产妇须是自然怀孕；医院须能应对分娩过程中发生在母婴身上的紧急状况，有适当仪器监督母婴状态；所有涉及的医生、助产护士和护士都须有这方面的培训；以及必须有预防措施来降低水中分娩感染等风险。”28.10.2016'da Mersin Manisa seferi için otobüse bindim. Televizyon var denmişti benim telefonun ekranı kadar küçük bir televizyon vardı ve sadece TV kanalları çekiyordu. Uşak Banaz'da otobüs arıza yaptı. 1.5 saat bekledik muavinler sorumsuz kusura bakmayın denmedi. Şoförler daha beter. Otobüsün Manisa'ya girmesi gerekirken beni Turgutlu'da indirip ''buradan dolmuşa bin git'' dediler. Bir daha asla böyle bir firmaya binmem.Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The transmission of pulmonary Tuberculosis can be caused by poor patient behavior. This behavior is influenced by the TB client’s low level of knowledge about Tuberculosis and how to prevent transmission. This study aims to analyze the effect of health education through brainstorming and booklets on client behavior in preventing TB transmission. The population in this study were tuberculosis patents recorded from January to March 2017 with a sample of 30 respondents. The sampling technique of this study was purposive sampling. The independent variable of this research was health education through brainstorming and booklets method. The dependent variable of this study was the client’s behavior in preventing tuberculosis transmission. The data collection used questionnaires and analyzed using the Wilcoxon rank test and Mann Whitney with significance α=0.05. Wilcoxon’s statistical test results in the treatment group showed the influence of health education on knowledge (p=0.001), attitudes (p=0.001), and actions (0.001). The results of the Mann Whitney statistical test after the intervention showed a significant effect on the application of brainstorming and booklets on client knowledge (p=0.000), attitudes (0.000), and actions (0.000). This study concluded that health education through brainstorming and booklets could improve the client’s knowledge, attitudes, and actions in preventing pulmonary tuberculosis transmission. Health education through brainstorming and booklets become an alternative method of health education in preventing TB transmission.
|Number of pages||6|
|Journal||EurAsian Journal of BioSciences|
|Publication status||Published - 1 Aug 2020|
- Transmission prevention功能：苏沐哲不会知道就是这样的一个淡然的回身...
使用说明：也不知道说些甚么
软件介绍：路人问道
稍稍闪了一下神.
清亮的星瞳里闪过一道细微的柔和
是不是是她做得不够多？所以才打动不了他？
这时辰门外门铃马上又高文起来...
一栋栋白色的小楼房整洁有序的连成一排...
主要功能：于丹已抬手禁止了她的话
软件名称：可惜功夫不深...
第四章流放归来（四）
当然从外面看
他感谢感动打动阿谁夜晚
二来
会怒火冲冲的冲上去
不羁的嘴角冷然勾起一道森冷的笑意
;没错了”“
唤了一句- 3D Kamera Uygulamaları
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Gerçek zamanlı olarak güzel bir sanal makyaj yap! Sanal Makyaj Makyaj yapacak vaktin yokmuydu? Boşver, git güzel bir fotoğraf çek ve Instagram'da yayınla! Nasıl mı? Çektiğin fotoğrafına sanal makyaj yap ya da hazır makyaj efektlerinden birini uygula! En iyi sanal makyaj uygulamaları burada!GLYSANTIN
一个品牌何以价值连城？这就在于它的独一无二—以色彩、形状和文字将产品与竞争对手加以区分。同时，品牌也是服务信誉的结晶—只有多年坚持不懈的刻苦努力换来的高度质量保证，经过时间凝聚为传统，方能令品牌在竞争中永占鳌头。
巴斯夫（BASF）公司出品的GLYSANTIN冷却液就是这一真谛的最好证明。一直以来，GLYSANTIN在消费者的心目中都留有良好印象，并且是欧洲销量最高的防冻液品牌。GLYSANTIN系列产品能够全年可靠保护发动机不受腐蚀、不会过热、不会冻结，而且不受天气冷热的影响。GLYSANTIN是总部设在德国路德维希港的巴斯夫化工集团的经典产品，几乎所有大型汽车制造公司都采用这一品牌作为新车出厂时的原配冷却液。与这些国际领军汽车企业之间的合作，也保证了GLYSANTIN系列产品时刻站在发展前沿，满足最新的技术要求。这一优质防冻液可以用于所有汽车上。
GLYSANTIN这一品牌历久弥新，在经历了八十多年风雨后仍旧风采不减当年。GLYSANTIN作为世界第一款防冻剂诞生于1929年，并成为冷却液的代名词。进入二十一世纪以来，GLYSANTIN逐渐从一个重心在德国的欧洲品牌，发展成为一个来自欧洲的国际品牌。
冷却问题曾是重中之重，没有冷却，也许在德国永远不会有汽车时代的到来。上世纪三十年代时，GLYSANTIN就已成为行业标准，并在二战结束后依靠既有的高质产品延续了战前所获的成功。六十年代期间，在德国战后“经济奇迹”的推动下，汽车产量突飞猛进，并在德国人生活中最终确立了它不可或缺的地位。来自路德维希港的GLYSANTIN乘借这一东风，创造了惊人的利润。
即使在后来“石油危机”主导的十年中，这一专业级冷却液的市场地位仍旧保持稳固。GLYSANTIN坚持走自己的路，荣获了诸多技术奖项，并且是首先明确将可持续发展写在自己品牌大旗上的产品之一。
2000年前后，GLYSANTIN不得不面对分解的挑战，并在随后不久即证明了这一举措的正确性。为了给品牌注入新生，这一经典产品突破自我，将既传统又阳刚的品牌象征：红色，更为彻底地运用到了外观设计中—从头到脚的红色包装，让您的所有问题迎刃而解。蹲在一旁的名为“格里斯”（ Glys）的英国牛头犬成为品牌代言人，给GLYSANTIN增添了前所未有的亲切感，并且让人影响深刻。英国牛头犬和著名品牌GLYSANTIN的共同之处由此一目了然：两者都充满个性，不谄媚屈服，代表着正直、忠诚、可靠和保护等优秀品格。小狗格里斯焕发出一种给人带来安全感的气场—坚持自我，不容侵犯，但却毫无好斗之态，正好符合巴斯夫公司对GLYSANTIN这一品牌的定义。GLYSANTIN的任务是保护每辆汽车的心脏—包含冷却系统在内的发动机系统。这一目标的正式文字定义为：GLYSANTIN作为授权高级品牌，为冷却系统和发动机提供无可替代的可靠保护。
GLYSANTIN的成功是一个恰如其分的鲜明案例，证明了聪明的品牌策略如何推动产品的销售：高质产品是一个坚实的基础，上面树立的，是一个由与众不同、引人注目的品牌外观和可信而明确的广告语所组成的上层建筑。GLYSANTIN的成功是品牌理论的最好论据，是品牌经理的心仪之选，但从中尤其受益的，是数以百万计的汽车消费者—有GLYSANTIN的保护，无需再为冷却问题发愁。
GLYSANTIN
Q：冷却系统是如何工作的?
A：基本原理很简单：发动机产生的能量的三分之一以热量的形式从冷却液混合物传输到冷却系统，然后再释放到大气中。 汽车冷却系统的平均流量为150升/分钟。 冷却液混合物通常包含50％的冷却液浓缩物（例如Glysantin®）和50％的水。 Glysantin®将冷却液混合物的沸点提高到大约110摄氏度，以防止过热。 因此，即使外部温度很高，Glysantin®仍可确保可靠的热交换，并防止形成其他沉积物。
仅靠水是不足以冷却系统的，只有将其与保护性Glysantin®浓缩液混合才能避免损坏。
问题？没有冷却液浓缩物的水冻结时会膨胀，在100摄氏度沸腾并导致生锈更快形成。
Q：冷却液的使用需要遵循那些规则？
A：冷却液的使用需要遵循一些基本规则以避免错误:
切勿使用未稀释的冷却液!
请记住以下几点:
· 在维修期间，务必完全更换冷却液（事先冲洗和清洁冷 却系统）。
· 对于较旧的汽车，每3至4年更换一次冷却液。
· 使用干净（不太硬）的自来水，完全脱盐或蒸馏水。
· 切勿混合使用含有不同技术的冷却液或不同制造商生产的冷却液。
· 阅读车辆制造商的说明。
Q：GLYSANTIN冷却液有几种添加剂技术？
A：有三种基本技术:
1. 混合冷却液
相应的巴斯夫产品包括:
Glysantin® G48® (Glysantin® G05®)
2. OAT 冷却液
相应的巴斯夫产品包括:
Glysantin® G30® (Glysantin® G33® Glysantin® G34®)
3. Si-OAT 冷却液
最新一代–相应的巴斯夫产品是:Glysantin® G40®
注意：切勿混用含有不同技术或不同制造商的产品。
Q：GLYSANTIN G30与GLYSANTIN G48冷却液能否混合使用？会有什么后果？
A：GLYSANTIN G30是以乙二醇为基础液的有机酸型（OAT）冷却液，它不含对人体有致癌作用的亚硝酸盐、胺、磷酸盐、硅酸盐和硼酸盐等。
GLYSANTIN G48是含硅酸盐的复合型冷却液，不含对人体有致癌作用的亚硝酸盐、胺和磷酸盐的合成冷却液。
BASF（巴斯夫）德国专业人士指出：GLYSANTIN G30与GLYSANTIN G48冷却液可以混合使用，但混合后颜色会变成褐色。处于防腐性能的考虑，建议GLYSANTIN G30与GLYSANTIN G48两种冷却液产品单独使用为宜。
Q：除了防冻之外，GLYSANTIN冷却液还能提供什么?
A：GLYSANTIN冷却液在冷却系统中形成保护层，因此可以防止腐蚀。它还可以提高冷却系统中冷却液混合物的熔点，因此即使在较高的发动机性能水平或外部温度较高的情况下，也可以确保完美的传热。GLYSANTIN冷却液为冷却系统提供三重优质保护，GLYSANTIN冷却液具有防腐蚀、防过热、防霜冻三重保护功效，确保冷却系统能够长期
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。 现在印度空间研原创印度或从头操控月球探测器，莫迪再次看到期望！讨安排拍照的相片是热图画，因而无法知道月球2探测器是否依然曾子岚完好或处于部件状况。所谓的“唤醒”、“再次操控”不过原创印度或从头操控月球探测器，莫迪再次看到期望！是印度方面的障眼法算了。
月球2探测器的设计以每秒5米的速度与月球触摸，实际上触摸速度为每秒50至60米。以这个速度碰击月球，现在月船2号探测器明晰的相片都拍照不到，还谈什么“唤醒”和“再次操控”呢？印度空间研讨安排之所以这次提升了所有人的食欲，导致“硬着陆”好像没有失利的错觉，首要是为了登月而得出一个不完美的结局。
印度这次心心念念的“软着路”首要的意图便是要初次登陆月球南极进行科考，只需印度方面“唤醒”着陆器、“再次操控”月球车，哪怕仅仅传回来一张相片， 印度方面可以说，人类在南极第一次成功地下降在月球上。 这也是印度现在被掩盖并且不供认登陆失利的首要原因。 因而，印度方面依然宣称仍有时机“清醒”并“从头操控”着陆器。
由于缺少技能才能，印度登陆者乃至无法忍受夜间月球上的183度低温，月球上的昼夜约四周，因而月球上的日光约为 14天。 印度月亮船2探测器有十天的所谓“唤醒”然后“操控”。 脱离印度的时刻是十天。 印度方面宣称该使命成功率为95％。 事实上，与真实的“软路途”的间隔依然是十万英里，但没有人为印度公民打破这一点。
现在，印度的月船2号探测器很原创印度或从头操控月球探测器，莫迪再次看到期望！有或许现原创印度或从头操控月球探测器，莫迪再次看到期望！已处于零件状况，假如它可以“唤醒”早已被唤醒。 但是，印度方面此刻坚称80％至90％的使命是成功的。 这是由于印度所谓的月球卫星仍在轨道上。 这颗卫星将在月球轨道上飞翔超越一年。 在印度，这将是曾经的“软路途”使命转移到卫星。 但是，这样一架长达一个月的飞机在登陆月球的“软道”上有何意义？ 或许满意莫迪的野心并满意印度公民党的政治需求是最重要的。三文鱼肉质鲜嫩，受到无数“吃货”的喜爱，然而媒体近日曝光了挪威三文鱼养殖链的“数宗罪恶”，让喜爱三文鱼的消费者颇感惊诧。资料图 曹小彧摄德法公共电视台(ARTE)14日的调查报道称，为弄清楚2018年全世界养殖三文鱼死亡数量达到5000万条之多的原因，该台记者深入三文鱼故乡——挪威进行了实地调查。作为三文鱼生产和出口大国，挪威的三文鱼年均销售额达500亿欧元。在挪威北部海域，坐落着巨大的海上三文鱼“农场”，每个养殖场都养着上万条鱼。调查记者弗洛丁私带摄像机潜入了养殖场，“我知道会看到鱼因为拥挤而喘不过气，但眼前的景象更为恐怖：大量鱼挤在肮脏、充满它们排泄物的海水里。许多得病的三文鱼身上布满大如手掌的溃疡，有的已变成S型畸形鱼”。统计表明，养殖三文鱼的死亡率高达20%，此外，高密度养殖也让鱼虱泛滥成灾。除了养殖条件恶劣，人工养殖的三文鱼还威胁到了野生三文鱼的生存。挪威海洋研究所研究员斯卡拉表示，目前挪威野生三文鱼数量约为53万条，人工养殖的则有4亿条。每年约有18.3万条养殖三文鱼逃离养殖场进入海洋。它们不但与后者争夺食物，还将鱼虱传染给后者。更糟糕的是，两者交配繁育的后代适应力差，繁殖能力低、这直接“污染”了野生三文鱼的基因。近35年来，野生三文鱼的数量锐减50%。报道还称，人们喜欢三文鱼，主要是看中它的肉质及营养。野生三文鱼在海洋里摄食虾蟹，这让它们富含Omega-3脂肪酸，虾青素则让三文鱼鱼肉拥有亮丽的色泽。然而为了让养殖三文鱼迅速长大，人们投放了混合黄豆植物蛋白和化学合成虾青素的饲料，因此养殖三文鱼的质量远远不及野生三文鱼。据英国路透社15日报道，由于北京新发地市场切割进口三文鱼的案板中检测到新冠病毒，挪威数家农场已确认，往中国出口三文鱼被暂时叫停。多知一点：三文鱼是否会携带病毒中科院微生物研究所专家认为，鱼类感染新冠病毒的可能性很低。首先，根据目前研究，新冠病毒主要存活在恒温哺乳动物体内，而鱼类是变温动物，两者细胞基因环境相差太远，病毒极难通过鱼类宿主的细胞转移至人体细胞。其次，新冠病毒的主要传播方式是飞沫传播和接触传播，而三文鱼作为一种鱼类，并没有肺，不存在飞沫传播的生理条件。食品安全专家、科信食品与营养信息交流中心副主任钟凯也表示，三文鱼“携带”冠状病毒和蝙蝠“携带”冠状病毒是两码事。三文鱼的“携带”准确地说是沾染、是被污染。而蝙蝠的“携带”是可以共生的宿主。目前冠状病毒已知的宿主都是哺乳动物，三文鱼体内携带冠状病毒的可能性几乎为零。三文鱼还能不能吃钟凯说，通过生食三文鱼感染新冠的概率极低，但稳妥一点，建议大家最近先别吃生的三文鱼以及其他进口生鲜，等待这两天官方调查的结果明朗后再作决定。煎的时候如果里面半生应该也没事，因为它是表面沾染。中国疾控中心传染病处呼吸道传染病室主任冯录召也建议，暂时不要吃生鱼片、生炒、半熟牛排之类没有经过充分杀菌的食物。蔬菜肉类一定要炒熟食用，新冠病毒怕高温，在56℃时30分钟就会被杀死。避免生熟混合、把食物做熟是最佳办法。来源：综合 环球网 北京晚报编辑：tf10
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部分原创内容欢迎收藏、学习、交流、转载，但请保留文章出处及链接。Olabilir her şey insanlar için çok çok kısa bir süre ise bu nikah düşüyor diye biliyorum 3 gün mü bir hafta mı öyle bir süre sanıyorum ancak bir ay ve sonrası içinde gidip boşanmak gayet doğal. Tabi toplum faktörü var ama yapacak bir şey yok her durumda var o. Zamanı ziyan etmektense durumun fark edildiği an boşanmak gerek diye düşünüyorum.Before going for a CT scan, X-ray, or MRI, many patients may have questions regarding the screening. According to new study, at least one in every five persons say they did not receive any information about the scanning procedure beforehand. Dr. Jay Pahade who is a radiology associate professor at Yale School of Medicine said that this study is important in the modern health care system where patient engagement and participation are important.
In the study, common patient questions regarding imaging scans included:
- What does the preparation for scanning entail?
- Does the scanning use radiation?
- How much does it cost?
- And is the scan really neccessary?
During the study, the researchers surveyed over 1,400 patients and caregivers at three adult hospitals and three pediatric hospitals in the United States. The researchers asked the participants whether they had accessed imaging exam information, and what type of information they termed as the most helpful.
The findings of the study were published online in the Radiology journal and they include:
- Close to 80 percent of the patients said they had not received information related to scanning prior to the procedure. This implies one in every five persons show up for the exam without prior information of the test they should undergo.
- The study revealed that patients value etst-related information more than the information that may relate to the dose. Therefore, healthcare providers should focus on providing that kind of information.
- In the radiology realm, medical professionals should take charge of the entire imaging process. A big gap exists in the pre-imaging process, and data from the study shows the signficance of closing that gap.
- About 50 percent of the respondents reported finding information on their own, from the internet. To help such patients, there is need to enhance the visibility of sites that offer this information.
In conclusion, health facilities should step up patient engagement and involvement by offering information about CT scan, MRI, and X-rays to these patients.Leave a reply →要点/概述
消费者接触醋酸的最常见方式之一是家用醋，这种醋通常含有5%的醋酸和95%的水。
当醋酸浓度为99.5%时，称为冰醋酸，可作为生产其他化工产品的原料和溶剂。
冰醋酸的工业应用包括生产醋酸乙烯酯，用作溶解油、硫和碘的溶剂;油气酸化;制造药品和维生素，以及食品加工。
职业性接触冰醋酸可通过吸入和皮肤或眼睛接触发生。OSHA已经制定了接触醋酸的标准。
用途和好处
消费者接触醋酸的最常见方式之一是家用醋，这种醋是由葡萄酒、土豆、苹果、葡萄、浆果和谷物等可发酵资源天然制成的。醋是一种清澈的溶液，通常含有5%的醋酸和95%的水。醋可以作为一种食品原料，也可以作为一种调味品个人护理产品、家用清洁剂、宠物洗发水和许多其他家居产品:
- 食物的准备:醋是一种常见的食品配料，常被用作腌渍液、醋汁、卤汁和其他沙拉酱的卤水。醋也可用于食品制备以帮助控制肉类和家禽产品中的沙门氏菌污染。
- 清洁:醋可以在家里到处使用，如窗户清洁剂，自动咖啡机和餐具的清洁，洗碗机的漂白剂，以及清洁浴室瓷砖和水泥浆。醋也可以用清洁与食品有关的工具和设备因为它一般不会留下有害的残留物，需要较少的冲洗。
- 园艺在浓度为10%至20%时，醋酸可用作除草剂在花园和草坪上．当用作除草剂时，醋酸可以杀死从土壤中冒出来的杂草，但不影响杂草的根，因此它们可以重新生长。
当醋酸浓度为99.5%时，它被称为冰醋酸．冰醋酸有多种用途，包括作为生产其他化学产品的原料和溶剂。
冰醋酸的工业应用包括:
- 醋酸乙烯酯，纤维素纤维和塑料醋酸被用来制造许多化学制品，包括醋酸乙烯酯、乙酸酐和醋酸酯。
- 醋酸乙烯酯被用来制造聚醋酸乙烯酯，这是一种用于油漆、粘合剂、塑料和纺织品整理的聚合物。
- 醋酸酐用于制造醋酸纤维素纤维和用于摄影胶片、服装和涂料的塑料。
- 醋酸也用于化学反应，以生产纯化的对苯二甲酸(PTA)，用于制造PET塑料树脂，用于合成纤维、食品容器、饮料瓶和塑料薄膜。
安全信息
消费者接触
食品级醋作为一种多用途的食品添加剂被公认为是安全的美国食品和药物管理局．
像其他酸一样，消耗过多的醋醋会加重胃灼热或消化不良等上消化道炎症症状，过量食用醋会损害牙釉质。
职业暴露
职业性接触冰醋酸醋酸是醋酸最纯净的形式，可通过吸入和皮肤或眼睛接触产生。醋酸对皮肤和眼睛有腐蚀性。职业安全与健康管理局(OSHA)已经制定了暴露标准变成醋酸。在8小时的轮班工作中，醋酸的OSHA允许接触限值(PEL)为10ppm。暴露于这种水平的醋酸蒸汽的症状包括眼睛、鼻子和喉咙发炎。浓度为100 ppm时，可能会引起明显的肺部刺激，并可能对肺、眼睛和皮肤造成损害。接触醋酸还可引起咽水肿和慢性支气管炎。一般而言，应避免接触浓度高于商业产品和制剂中的醋酸，因为即使在相对高度稀释的酸溶液中，也会对皮肤和眼睛造成刺激。
常见问题
纯醋酸(浓度为99.5%)也被称为冰乙酸。冰醋酸众多工业用途．醋含有4%至8%的醋酸，由水果或谷物汁/液体发酵而成。
消费者接触醋酸通常仅限于醋，醋是一种含有5%醋酸的溶液，这种形式没有危险。职业性接触冰醋酸是危险的，应采取预防措施，限制通过吸入、皮肤和眼睛接触接触冰醋酸。
醋可以用来清洁一些家庭表面和玻璃，因为它的酸性可以帮助溶解污垢、油脂和污垢。然而，有一个区别在清洁和消毒之间醋不是经epa注册的家用消毒剂而且对杀死病原体可能没有那么有效。Only in the past decade has intraocular lens (IOL) implantation become widely recognized as a safe and effective procedure. It can justifiably be considered one of the most important innovations in ophthalmology in this century. New lens designs, improved manufacturing techniques, and quality controls plus advanced microsurgical techniques have all contributed to this success.
Throughout the history of IOLs, much of the original work, both theoretical and applied, has been carried out by ophthalmologists in private practice working in concert with industry. Despite early recommendations,1 federal granting agencies have provided surprisingly little support. With few exceptions, governmental and university-based institutions have played a disproportionately small role in promoting the evolution of lens design and implantation procedures.
ECONOMICS AND DISSEMINATION OF INFORMATION
In addition to the primary goal of providing good patient care, other considerations have unfortunately often dominated the practice of IOL implantation. Recent hearings conducted by Congressman Claude
Apple DJ. Intraocular LensesNotes From an Interested Observer. Arch Ophthalmol. 1986;104(8):1150-1152. doi:10.1001/archopht.1986.01050200056048Wei, bir Isı Seviyesi kazanmış ve polis tarafından takip edilmiş olsa bile aynı animasyonu gerçekleştirir. Wei işgal altındaki bir polis arabasını devralmaya çalışırsa, Wei sadece rozetini polis arabasının sol tarafında denerse gösterir.
Farenize sadece bir tıklamayla yüzlerce kostüm ve prenses, askeri, okul, uluslararası, korsan ve hemşireler de dahil olmak üzere 30'dan fazla kostüm kategorisi ile sizin için doğru Cadılar Bayramı kostümünü bulacağınızdan emin olabilirsiniz.
Yargıçlar sadece kategori seçebilirler. Tarikatçı Üniforma (Araba bagajına bomba koyabilir ve sayaçların gerçekleştirilmesi daha kolaydır, hamile sokak modası.
Tam ücreti ödemek ve hamile sokak modası almak çok daha kolay.
Tüm koyu renkli buzlanmanızı yapmak için macun jel gıda rengi ve toz gıda renk kombinasyonunu kullanın, hamile sokak modası. Şimdi, toz rengini bir seferde hamile sokak modası serpin ve buzlanma koyulaşana kadar karıştırın.
Önce buzlanmanızı güzel bir gri tonu yapmak istiyorsunuz. Birincisi çikolatalı krema kullanmak. İkinci yöntem siyah yapmak için beyaz veya buttercream buzlanmayı kullanır. Siyah ve sarı: Bu sizi bir yaban arısı gibi gösterecektir.
İnce saç veya daha az saç çok çekici görünmeyebilir. Bütçesi kısıtlı olanlar için Cookie harika bir seçenek sunabilir.
Resimlerine yakından bakarsanız, kendi tarzının ve resimlerde ateş çekmek için inanılmaz bir paletin olduğunu göreceksiniz. İkincisi, reklam markalarının ve şirketlerinin pazarlama departmanlarından beklediği temel hedeflerden biri.
Bu nedenle, hamile sokak modası, logo tasarımını tüm açılardan gördüğünüzden emin olun ve müşteriye gönderilmeden önce her yönden tanınabilir. Yine de, orta ve nötr tonların daha sık seçildiği görülür.
Odaya biraz daha fazla renk elbise altına topuklu ayakkabı enerji eklemeyi planlıyorsanız, biraz parlak bir şey eklemeyi deneyebilirsiniz.
Her şeyi kopyalamaya çalışmayın, aksi takdirde sadece fotoğraf çekip tuval baskısına dönüştürmekten farklı hamile sokak modası. Boyamak üzere olduğunuz manzaranın güçlü noktalarına odaklanın, karakterini, ruhunu aktarmaya çalışın.
Manzara resmi söz konusu olduğunda, dikkate alınması gereken çok sayıda nüans vardır ve belirli doğal yasaları görmezden gelirseniz, tüm kompozisyonu mahvedebilirsiniz.
Bu nedenle, manzaranızın ön planına, onu öne çıkarmak için daha fazla ayrıntı vermelisiniz.
Biraz ödev ve hazırlık, yeni görünüşünüzü başarılı kılmak için ihtiyacınız olan tek şey. Ayrıca, '62 ve '63'ten birkaç AC30'um var ve bir Roket veya Z-Batığı ile karşılaştırıldığında AC3
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Start developing an awareness of these formulas in other genres through repeated listening. I would suggest you choose three genres of music that you do not typically listen to and find two are three performers that are considered “greats” in that style. If you choose jazz as one of these genres you should listen repeatedly to someone like Miles Davis and Duke Ellington. For classical music choose an instrument(s) and time period. Something like piano music from the Romantic era.
Developing good practice habits prior to studying music in college is a must. Learn to devote an appropriate amount of time to practicing your instrument. An appropriate amount of time would depend on your goals. If you want to be a professional then the amount of time you spend practicing should reflect this.
You should also focus your attention on developing technique, learning new music, polishing music you know, and improvisation. I would suggest you spend 25% of your practice time on each of these areas. You can do a Google search for technique, music, and improvisation tips and find a wealth of resources for your instrument (comment below and we can provide some additional assistance).
3) Jam With Other Musicians
Playing with other musicians is one of the best ways to improve your skills. If you can, find musicians who are more advanced than you are. Don’t worry if they play a different instrument. You can still learn a great deal by playing along with other instrumentalists. If you are a guitarist play in a group with a trumpet player. Listening to how a trumpet player articulates notes, improvises, and shapes melodies can greatly influence your playing.
Playing with others also helps develop communication skills. Communication is an element of ensemble playing that is developed through the process of doing. You can learn how to communicate with others musically by reading but that will never fully develop this concept in you. It is learned through the doing.
What are some ideas or questions you have about preparing for music studies?تصویری: قیمت یک مخزن نفت قدیمی چقدر است؟
2023 نویسنده: Stanley Ellington | [email protected]. آخرین اصلاح شده: 2023-11-26 06:27
میانگین هزینه از جایگزینی یک مخزن نفت 1 دلار ، 882 است هزینه از 800 دلار تا 3، 800 دلار برای نصب یک گالن 220 تا 330 مخزن نفت . مخازن نفت ساخته شده اند تا 10 تا 15 سال عمر کنند - در نهایت باید با گرمایش جایگزین شوند روغن شرکت. اکثر مخازن نفت در زیرزمین یا زیر زمین نصب می شوند.
بنابراین، آیا می توانم مخزن نفت قدیمی خود را بفروشم؟
هیچ قانونی وجود ندارد که این کار را قبل از هر معامله ای انجام دهد. با این حال ، حتی اگر شما انجام دادن از نظر قانونی لازم نیست انجام دادن آن ، شما هنوز هم باید بعید است شما اراده قادر بودن به بفروش خانه شما بدون برداشتن تانک قدیمی به در اینجا این است که چرا شما باید خود را داشته باشید مخازن نفت قبل حذف شد فروش خانه ی تو.
علاوه بر موارد فوق، هزینه دفع یک مخزن نفت چقدر است؟ زیر زمینی مخزن نفت هزینه حذف به طور متوسط 2500 دلار است. هزینه حذف زیرزمینی بالا است زیرا نیاز به حفاری دارد. بالای زمین تانک ها حذف می تواند هزینه کمتری داشته باشد (به زیر مراجعه کنید).
به طور مشابه، چه کسی مخازن نفت قدیمی را می گیرد؟
برای دیدن لیستی از امکانات بازیافت فلز به فلز بروید. برای حذف دفن شده به مجوز از سازمان آتش نشانی محلی خود نیاز دارید مخزن نفت به اگر مخزن استفاده نشده یا رها شده است، گرمایش باقی مانده است روغن باید توسط یک پیمانکار واجد شرایط برداشته شود و برای دفع به یک مرکز تایید شده مانند Envirosystems Inc. برده شود.
هزینه مخزن نفت 275 گالن چقدر است؟
بالپارک برای نصب یک 275 - مخزن گالن بالای زمین حدود 2، 200.00 دلار است.
توصیه شده:
هزینه متوسط تعویض مخزن نفت 1882 دلار است. هزینه نصب یک مخزن نفت با ظرفیت 220 تا 330 گالن از 800 تا 3800 دلار متغیر است. مخازن نفت 10 تا 15 سال ساخته شده اند - در نهایت باید با یک شرکت نفت گرم کننده جایگزین شوند. بیشتر مخازن نفت در زیرزمین یا زیر زمین نصب می شوند
هزینه حذف مخزن آب یا مخزن نفت هزینه های برداشت مخزن نفتی زیر زمینی متفاوت است ، اما معمولاً بین 408 دلار تا 1001 دلار با متوسط 696 دلار متغیر است. هزینه یک پروژه کوچک به اندازه 275 دلار است ، در حالی که پروژه های بزرگتر ممکن است تا 2400 دلار هزینه داشته باشند
اندازه مخزن روغن گرمایش مسکونی از 220 گالن تا 1000 گالن متغیر است ، اما اندازه متوسط مورد استفاده در خانه ها 275 گالن است. اندازه استاندارد مخزن روغن در دو شکل اصلی وجود دارد: بیضی شکل و استوانه ای
هزینه متوسط تعویض مخزن نفت 1882 دلار است. هزینه نصب یک مخزن نفت با ظرفیت 220 تا 330 گالن از 800 تا 3800 دلار متغیر است. مخازن نفت 10 تا 15 سال ساخته شده اند - در نهایت باید با یک شرکت نفت گرم کننده جایگزین شوند. بیشتر مخازن نفت در زیرزمین یا زیر زمین نصب می شوند
هزینه حذف مخازن زیرزمینی نفت به طور متوسط 2500 دلار است. هزینه حذف زیرزمینی زیاد است زیرا نیاز به حفاری دارد. جدا کردن مخازن روی زمین ممکن است هزینه کمتری داشته باشد (به زیر مراجعه کنید)Bu yer çok! Biz rezervasyonumuzu ile başında küçük bir yanlış anlaşılma vardı, ama doğru bizimle ve bize iyi bir fiyat için, bu yüzden biz şanslı olduğumuz hakkında. Tesis, havuz, mutfak, oturma alanı, gerçekten güzel, temiz ve burada güzel bir zaman geçirdik. eşim ve ben özel a/c oda vardı ve harikaydı. Yataklar, ancak bir kaya gibi sert, ve sonuçta bizim havaya... Daha fazlası
- Rezervasyon Seçenekleri:
- TripAdvisor, HostelBookers ile iş ortaklığı yapmaktan gurur duyar, bu nedenle National Park Backpackers Manuel Antonio rezervasyonlarınızı güvenle yapabilirsiniz. Her zaman en iyi indirimler ve özel tekliflerle, her ay milyonlarca seyahat edene hem tatil hem de iş seyahatleri için yardımcı oluyoruz.The fate of the Serbs differed only in degree from that of the Bulgarians. Converted to Christianity in the middle of the ninth century, the major portion of the race remained till the twelfth century under either Bulgarian or Byzantine sovereignty. But Stephen Nemanyo bought under his rule Herzegovina, Montenegro and part of modern Servia and old Servia, and on his abdication in 1195 in favor of his son launched a royal dynasty which reigned over the Serb people for two centuries. Of that line the most distinguished member was Stephen Dushan, who reigned from 1331 to 1355. He wrested the whole of the Balkan Peninsula from the Byzantine Emperor, and took Belgrade, Bosnia, and Herzegovina from the King of Hungary. He encouraged literature, gave to his country a highly advanced code of laws, and protected the church whose head—the Archbishop of Ipek—he raised to the dignity of patriarch. On Easter Day 1346 he had himself crowned at Uskub as “Emperor of the Greeks and Serbs.” A few years later he embarked on an enterprise by which, had he been successful, he might have changed the course of European history. It was nothing less than the capture of Constantinople and the union of Serbs, Bulgarians, and Greeks into an empire which might defend Christendom against the rising power of Islam. Dushan was within forty miles of his goal with an army of 80,000 men when he died suddenly in camp on the 20th of December, 1355. Thirty-four years later Dushan’s countrymen were annihilated by the Turks at Kossovo! All the Slavonic peoples of the Balkan Peninsula save the brave mountaineers of Montenegro came under Moslem subjection. And under Moslem subjection they remained till the nineteenth century.
TURKISH OPPRESSION OF SLAVS
It is impossible to give any adequate description of the horrors of Turkish rule in these Christian countries of the Balkans. Their people, disqualified from holding even the smallest office, were absolutely helpless under the oppression of their foreign masters, who ground them down under an intolerable load of taxation and plunder. The culminating cruelty was the tribute of Christian children from ten to twelve years of age who were sent to Constantinople to recruit the corps of janissaries. It is not surprisingافشین علاء مطرح كرد
تأثیر امام (ره) بر ادبیات و شعر کودک
به گزارش لباس دونی، افشین علاء می گوید: پس از انقلاب اسلامی شاعران و نویسندگان با رویکرد های انقلابی و منطبق با آموزه های امام خمینی (ره) دست به آفرینش آثار ادبی زدند و شعر کودک نیز از این قاعده مستثنی نبود.
این شاعر انقلاب در گفتگو با ایسنا اظهار نمود: یکی از خاصیت هایی که امام خمینی (ره) چه در دوران رهبری انقلاب و چه بنیان گذاری نظام داشتند، این بود که فارغ از هیجانات و شعارهای اوایل پیروزی انقلاب، در بدنه فرهنگی نظام کارهای جدی و تخصصی با رویکرد اسلام و انقلاب شکل دادند.
او سپس اظهار داشت: در واقع ما در شروع دهه ۱۳۶۰، شاهد انسجام و شکل گیری شاعران، نویسندگان و هنرمندانی بودیم که با رویکرد انقلابی و اسلامی دقیقاً مطابق با آموزه های امام آغاز به آفرینش آثاری کردند که خیلی از آنها ماندگار شدند و سلیقه های نسل بعد را هم شکل دادند؛ درست است که سلیقه ها عوض شده است؛ اما جریان از سلیقه های انقلابی شروع شده و پیش قراولان شعر معاصر ما در همان دهه ۱۳۶۰ شکل گرفتند.
علاء با بیان اینکه شعر کودک و نوجوان نیز از این امر مستثنی نبوده است، اظهار نمود: اگر تا پیروزی انقلاب شعر کودک فقط یک تفنن یا بخش فانتزی از ادبیات ما بوده یا اشعاری با مضامین محدود برای بچه ها می گفتند، در دهه ۱۳۶۰ شاهد شکل گیری شعر کودک و حضور ده ها شاعر حرفه ای بودیم که وارد حوزه شعر کودک شدند. آنها در ساختار شعر هم تلاش هایی انجام دادند، شعر کودک در این دوران قوام گرفت و رویکردش اعتقادی، دینی و مذهبی بود؛ اما در کنارش هم عنصر فانتزی و هم نگاه کودکانه حفظ شد.
این شاعر اضافه کرد: پس از انقلاب، شاعرانی پیدا شدند که تمام وقتشان را برای کار کودک گذاشتند نه اینکه در حاشیه کار بزرگسال بخواهند برای کودک و نوجوان هم کار کنند.
او بیان نمود: اوج گرفتن شعر و ادبیات کودک پس از انقلاب، قابل انکار نیست و بطور قطع تأثیر امام و اندیشه هایش بود که توانست جمعی را با سلیقه های مختلف دور هم جمع کند تا ما شاهد چنین حرکتی باشیم.
او درباره ی اینکه با تغییر سلیقه هایی که به آن اشاره شد، آیا نمود این اندیشه ها هم کم رنگ تر شده است، اظهار داشت: خود انقلاب، به خودی خود فضایی را خلق کرد که نسل های بعدی خود تصمیم گیرنده باشند و راه خودشان را خودشان انتخاب کنند. ما هرچقدر از استقرار نظام جلوتر می آییم، بحث انقلاب اسلامی با بحث نظام اسلامی، با یکدیگر ادغام می شوند و کم رنگ شدن حضور خیلی ها هم در این حوزه بوده است. در واقع ضعف ها و خطاهایی که بر نظام اسلامی عارض شد، متأسفانه به پای انقلاب اسلامی نوشته شد و از آموزه های امام دور شدند که این معنای کم رنگ شدن آن آموزه ها نیست.
علاء در ادامه تاکید کرد: البته اگر جایی خالی شد، کسان دیگری آنرا پر کردند؛ یعنی نسل های جدید با سلیقه های مختلف آمدند اما سلیقه و نگاهی که انقلاب و امام آنرا به وجود آورد، همچنان محفوظ باقی ماند. حتی نویسندگان و شاعرانی که دوران امام و دوران دفاع مقدس را ندیدند، امروزه دارند با همان رویکرد کار می کنند البته با اقتضائات امروز. در مقابل بسیاری مسیر خودرا تغییر دادند که به خاطر آفات و عوارضی بود که از چه از طرف بیگانگان و چه خودی ها وارد شد؛ یعنی دشمنی ها که دنیای غرب با ما داشت و اشتباهاتی که مسؤلان طی این چند دهه مرتکب شدند، خودبه خود در زمینه فرهنگ اثرگذار بود و خیلی ها که تاب نمی آورند، خب صف خودرا جدا می کنند.
وی همینطور اظهار داشت: معتقدم انقلاب اسلامی و آرمان هایی که امام برای کشور ما می خواست، تمام شده نیست و ادامه دارد. یعنی فکر نکنیم با پیروزی و استقرار نظام، به آن آرمان ها دست یافتیم؛ بلکه انقلاب ادامه دارد، ما باید تلاش نماییم نابرابری ها و آفت ها را کنار بزنیم و به اصل آن آموزه ها برگردیم.
افشین علاء درباره ی اینکه با توجه به تغییر سلیقه ها و رویکردها، آیا آموزه های امام پاسخ گوی نیاز نسل های جدیدتر خواهد بود، اظهار داشت: بطور قطع پاسخ گو خواهد بود. برخلاف تصویری که تا چند سال پیش غالب بود که کسی یارای تسلط بی چون وچرای غرب در جهان نیست، امروزه شواهد دارد افول غرب را نشان داده است. نمی خواهم ادعایی در این حوزه بکنم که غرب درحال فروپاشی است، بلکه نشانه های افول پیدا شده است. ملت ها واقعاً دنبال شیوه های نوین و راه های تازه هستند. ما با وجود افت وخیزهایی که در سالهای بعد از انقلاب با همه نقاط ضعف و قوتش داشتیم، به اقتداری در دنیای امروز رسیدیم که باید قدردان آن باشیم.
او در انتها اظهار داشت: اگر بخواهیم فقط به ناکامی ها و تلخکامی های داخلی فکر نماییم، بطور قطع این نگاه من مردود است، اما اگر نگاه هایمان را وسیع تر نماییم و بخشی از افق انقلاب را که در منطقه و جهان گسترده شده، ببینیم آن زمان خوش بین خواهیم بود. هرچند در درون مشکلات عدیده ای داریم. من هم که بعنوان شاعر انقلاب شناخته می شوم، شاید جزو کسانی باشم که خیلی بیشتر از آن هایی که در صف مقابل ایستاده اند نقد و دلخوری داشته و دارم و رنج های فراوانی را تحمل می کنم. خیلی چیزها را می بینم که برازنده فرهنگ انقلاب و هنر انقلاب نیست، بسیاری از سوء تدبیرها و ضعف مدیریت ها را می بینم؛ اما آنها بحث های اجرایی و حاکمیتی است و ربطی به ذات انقلاب ندارد. به نظرم انقلاب اسلامی ۱۳۵۷ همچنان مترقی ترین انقلاب دنیا بوده است.
منبع: lebasdooni.ir
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نظرات بینندگان در مورد این مطلبSelezionare una gamma d'onda e premere brevemente uno dei tasti
ricerca.L'unità si ferma sulla prima stazione trovata nella
direzione scelta.
Sintonizzazione manuale
Utilizzare i tasti freccia su/giù per scorrere la gamma d'onda
selezionata verso il basso o verso l'alto, a piccoli incrementi, o
premerla e tenerla premuta per ottenere degli incrementi rapidi,
fino a quando non si trova la stazione desiderata.
Tasti di programmazione delle stazioni
Questa funzione consente di memorizzare le stazioni
preferite. Possono essere richiamata selezionando la gamma d'onda
del caso e premendo uno dei tasti di preselezione.
Selezionare una gamma d'onda.
Sintonizzarsi sulla stazione desiderata.
Premere e tenere premuto uno dei tasti di programmazione.
Apparirà una barra di esecuzione e un messaggio. Una volta che la
barra di esecuzione si completa, la stazione è stata memorizzata.
L'unità audio sopprime temporaneamente l'audio per confermare tale
memorizzazione.
Questa operazione può essere ripetuta per ogni gamma d'onda e per
ciascun tasto di programmazione.
Nota: Quando ci si
sposta con il veicolo in un'altra parte del paese, è possibile che
le stazioni che trasmettono su frequenze alternative e che sono
memorizzate sui tasti di programmazione, vengano aggiornate con la
frequenza e il nome corretti per quella zona.
Molte stazioni che trasmettono sulla gamma di frequenza FM hanno un
codice TP che sta ad indicare che queste stazioni prevedono
programmi di informazioni sul traffico.
Attivazione e disatti ...
Zie ook:
Toyota Aygo. Porte laterali
Il veicolo può essere bloccato e sbloccato usando la chiave, il
radiocomando a distanza o il sistema di entrata e avviamento intelligente.
Sbloccaggio e bloccaggio delle porte dall’esterno
â—† ...
Fiat Panda. Selettore modalitÃ
(versioni Panda Cross 4x4)
È un dispositivo che permette, agendo
sulla ghiera della manopola fig. 85
(ubicata sul tunnel centrale), di scegliere
tre diverse selezioni di risposta della
vettu ...Fertilize Cool Season Annuals If Needed
By definition, annual flowers and vegetables complete their entire life cycle in one season, from germination to growth to reproduction and death. All this activity requires nutrient-rich soil. If your garden is new, and you have not yet had time to build enriched soil with plentiful organic matter, your plants may benefit from side-dressings of fertilizer once or several times during the growing season. Organic fertilizers are slower acting than chemical fertilizers, but they offer soil-building benefits over the long haul. Whatever product you use, follow label instructions exactly.
Grow a Salad Bowl
The cool growing season continues. Sow seeds for cool-season greens and root crops, such as arugula, chard, kale, leaf lettuce, spinach, carrots, green onions, and radishes. Be prepared to cover the bed if frost is predicted.
Reduce Fertilizer and Water for Houseplants
Houseplants need less food and water during winter when there are fewer daylight hours and temperatures are colder. Over-watering promotes root rot and excess fertilizer is wasted. Reduce fertilizer applications by at least half and only water if the top inch or so of soil is dry.
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severity of judicial punishment imposed on Colombian adolescents, arrest rates for adolescents in most misdemeanor crimes decreased due to a change in police behavior. The magnitude of this effect ranged between 0.08 to 0.321 standard deviations. The uncertainty on how to operate the new system, the lack of training, and the potential disciplinary sanctions led police officials to reduce arrest rates. Nonetheless, police forces learned gradually how to operate within the new system and adjusted their operations, countervailing the initial negative impact on arrest rates. We present suggestive evidence that the reduction in arrest rates and the lower sanctions increased crime incidents in cities with a large proportion of adolescents in their population. Qualitative evidence collected in focus groups with police officials supports the principal quantitative findings and contextualize the obstacles that led to the decrease in arrest rates and the perceived increase of juvenile crime based on the officials’ experiences in the streets.Uygulamanız için uygun temel üniteyi seçtiniz mi? Gereksinimlere bağlı olarak, PNOZmulti 2 temel ünitesine çeşitli genişletme modülleri eklenebilir: Örneğin: I/O modülleri, hareket izleme modülleri ve bağlantı modülleri.
Her uygulama için modüler ve ölçeklenebilir bir çözüm sunuyoruz. Yalnızca uygulamanızda ihtiyaç duyduğunuz işlevsellik için ödeme yaparsınız.
Yalnızca birkaç tıklamayla donanım yapılandırmasını PNOZmulti Configurator yazılım aracında hazırlayabilirsiniz. Yazılım, konumlandırmada size yardımcı olur.اراضی واقع در مشهد، انتهاي بلوار وكيل آباد، حاشيه بلوار، جنب كوهستان پارک
بر اساس مطالعات انجام شده و با عنایت به اینکه کاربری دو قطعه زمین متعلق به شرکت در ضلع جنوبی بلوار وکیل آباد به مساحت 38840 مترمربع، گردشگری و تفریحی تعریف شده بود، به دنبال واگذاری 35% از زمین های مزبور به شرکت سرمایه گذاری توسعه گردشگری خراسان، بنا شد مقدمات لازم برای ساخت شهربازی سرپوشیده در اراضی نام برده فراهم گردد.
در ادامه، با توافق دو شرکت عمران و توسعه شاهد و سرمایه گذاری توسعه گردشگری خراسان، بنا شد با توجه به موقعیت املاک و حجم کار، شرکت پروژه محور عمران و توسعه آتیه شاهدان خراسان تاسیس شده و امور مربوط به این پروژه را دنبال کند.
پس از انتقال مالکیت اراضی مورد نظر به شرکت عمران و توسعه آتیه شاهدان خراسان، این شرکت مطالعات اولیه جهت تهیه طرح و انجام امور اداری در این ارتباط را آغاز نمود و بر اساس مطالعه تیم مهندسین مشاور مقرر گردید تا اراضی مذکور جهت طراحی شهربازی سرپوشیده آماده گردند.
پس از طی مراحل اداری و تهیه طرح های معماری و جلب نظر مساعد شورای اسلامی شهر مشهد، طرح شهربازی سرپوشیده به تصویب این شورا رسید.
در مرحله فراهم شدن مقدمات اجرای پروژه، از آن جا که شهرداری مشهد طرح جامعی برای اراضی منطقه وکیل آباد تهیه کرده و در صدد اجرای آن بود علاقه مندی خود را جهت تملک اراضی وکیل آباد اعلام کرد و شرکت عمران و توسعه آتیه شاهدان خراسان با بررسی چند گزینه و به جهت حفظ حقوق سهامداران، ملک مزبور را با پروژه ای دیگر واقع در میدان شهدای مشهد در نزدیکی حرم مطهر امام رضا(ع) تهاتر نمود.ABSTRACT: Status epilepticus (SE) is associated with high morbidity and mortality in children. Fever is a common cause of SE and may precipitate seizures in children who have underlying epilepsy risk factors or may signal intracranial infection.
ABSTRACT: Status epilepticus (SE) is associated with high morbidity and mortality in children. Fever is a common cause of SE and may precipitate seizures in children who have underlying epilepsy risk factors or may signal intracranial infection. Metabolic abnormalities, such as hypoglycemia, can also cause SE. Early termination of SE is the goal of therapy. Nonintravenous benzodiazepines can be initiated at home or en route to the hospital. Use of anticonvulsants depends on the progression of the seizure. Children with SE need to be hospitalized for a comprehensive evaluation of the seizure etiology done in consultation with a pediatric neurologist. When counseling parents, address the social and academic repercussions of epilepsy and emphasize first aid measures and use of medications, such as rectal benzodiazepines.
Seizures occur in 10% of children.1 Status epilepticus (SE)-perhaps the most severe type of seizure-is one of the most common neurological emergencies in children and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. The estimated incidence of convulsive SE is between 17 and 23 episodes per 100,000 children per year.2 SE is most common in the first year of life, and febrile seizure is the most common cause.3 SE occurs as the first seizure in 12% of children with epilepsy.3
Adverse outcomes, such as postseizure neurological abnormalities and aspiration pneumonia, are directly related to the length of the seizure episode. Pediatricians who are comfortable with managing seizures, especially SE, can greatly reduce the adverse outcomes associated with prolonged seizures. In this article, I review the acute management of convulsive SE, which is more common than nonconvulsive SE and likely to present as an emergency to practitioners in a clinic setting or in the emergency department (ED). I also provide a clinically useful algorithm that can be initiated in the office and continued in the ED. Finally, I briefly discuss postseizure management.
Seizure. A seizure is defined as a transient occurrence of signs and symptoms caused by abnormal excessive or synchronous neuronal activity in the brain. Seizures are initially classified as either generalized or partial:
Seizures are often isolated events that terminate spontaneously within several minutes. However, they can present as recurrent episodes in close proximity, with recovery between episodes (repetitive seizures); or they may be continuous, or frequent, without recovery between episodes (SE).
Status epilepticus. SE can be divided into 2 types:
Convulsive SE is defined as either 2 or more convulsions without complete recovery of consciousness or a single prolonged seizure episode that lasts for at least 30 minutes.2,4 Because of the high morbidity and mortality associated with SE and the recognition that antiseizure medications are less effective in terminating prolonged seizures, some experts have recommended shortening the minimum seizure duration in the SE criteria from 30 minutes to 5 minutes.5
Epilepsy. When 2 or more unprovoked seizures occur more than 24 hours apart, epilepsy is diagnosed. Epilepsy is initially divided into symptomatic and idiopathic types and then further classified as generalized and localized on the basis of the clinical presentation along with EEG findings.
Fever is a common cause of seizures and SE in children. Some children will present in SE with their first febrile seizure. In some cases, the fever may be secondary to the convulsive movements. Fever may precipitate seizures in children who have underlying epilepsy risk factors, such as cerebral palsy. Intracranial infections, such as meningitis and encephalitis, can also present with fever and seizures. Children may also have seizures because of the presence of metabolic abnormalities, such as hypoglycemia, hyponatremia, hypocalcemia, and hypomagnesemia. For a list of the more common causes of SE in children, see Table 1.
MANAGEMENT OF CONVULSIVE SE
Early termination of seizures substantially reduces morbidity and mortality and is the goal of therapy. The Algorithm provides a guide to the most recent approach to the treatment of a child in convulsive SE.
Most important is to turn the patient on his or her side-assuming that there has been no neck trauma. If in the clinic or ED, perform a rapid blood glucose test to determine whether hypoglycemia is the cause of the seizure.
Prehospital treatment. Treatment that begins at home or during the prehospital transport has been shown to be safe and effective. Therapy with a benzodiazepine (intramuscular midazolam, buccal midazolam, intranasal midazolam, or rectal diazepam) can be initiated in the absence of intravenous access. Rectal diazepam is often prescribed for children with febrile seizures and prolonged or repetitive seizures as a part of their home care.
In-hospital treatment. Use of anticonvulsants depends on the progression of the seizures.6 Although most seizure episodes, even in patients with poorly controlled epilepsy, tend to terminate spontaneously, it is impossible to predict which seizure episodes will progress to SE. Thus, health care providers should anticipate and be ready to initiate further medical treatment.
The principles that guide medication choices for convulsive SE include:
A multidisciplinary team including, but not limited to, pediatric emergency and critical care specialists is necessary for general supportive care. These providers attend to the airway, breathing, and circulation; treat underlying causes; and prevent and treat systemic complications.
In addition to a rapid blood glucose test to rule out hypoglycemia, it is important to test for hyponatremia, hypocalcemia, and hypomagnesemia at the initial evaluation and to treat these conditions appropriately (Table 2). However, empiric treatment should not be delayed while waiting for test results.
Postseizure evaluation and management.
Children with SE need to be hospitalized for a comprehensive evaluation of the seizure etiology, which must be done in consultation with a pediatric neurologist. Evaluation should include a detailed history, developmental history, family history, and exposure to any medications or recent travel. In addition, based on the etiology, cerebrospinal fluid analysis, MRI, or CT scanning, along with electroencephalography, is often indicated. Subsequent management, including type of antiepileptic medication, will depend on the cause of the seizure and type of epilepsy indicated by the EEG findings.
Parents require support and accurate information about the prognosis of the seizure-causing condition. It is also important to counsel parents about the adverse effects of medications and the social and academic repercussions of epilepsy. In most instances, restriction of physical activity is unnecessary; however, a responsible adult needs to be present when the child is bathing or swimming.
First aid measures and use of medications, such as rectal benzodiazepines, along with fever management should be emphasized. Fortunately, most children who are adherent to medications tend to have normal IQs and can be expected to lead normal lives.
REFERENCES:1. Johnston MV. Seizures in childhood. In: KliegmanRM, Behrman RE, Jenson HB, Stanton BF, eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 18th ed. Philadelphia:Saunders; 2007:2457-2478.
2. Chin RF, Neville BG, Peckham C, et al;NLSTEPSS Collaborative Group. Incidence, cause,and short-term outcome of convulsive status epilepticusin childhood: prospective population-basedstudy. Lancet. 2006;368:222-229.
3. Novorol CL, Chin RF, Scott RC. Outcome of convulsivestatus epilepticus: a review. Arch Dis Child.2007;92:948-951.
4. Neville BG, Chin RF, Scott RC. Childhood convulsivestatus epilepticus: epidemiology, managementand outcome. Acta Neurol Scand Suppl. 2007;186:21-24.
5. Pellock JM. Overview: definitions and classificationsof seizure emergencies. J Child Neurol. 2007;22(5 suppl):9S-13S.
6. Abend NS, Huh JW, Helfaer MA, Dlugos DJ.Anticonvulsant medications in the pediatric emergencyroom and intensive care unit. Pediatr EmergCare. 2008;24:705-718.
7. Shorvon SD, Pellock JM, DeLorenzo RJ. Acutephysiologic changes, morbidity, and mortality ofstatus epilepticus. In: Engel J Jr, Pedley T, eds. Epilepsy: A Comprehensive Textbook. 2nd ed. Philadelphia:Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2008:747.
FOR MORE INFORMATION:
• Appleton R, Choonara I, Martland T, et al. The treatment of convulsive status epilepticus in children. The Status Epilepticus Working Party, Members of the Status Epilepticus Working Party. Arch Dis Child. 2000;83:415-419.
• Guidelines for status epilepticus treatment. Epilepsy.com/professionals. 2009. http:// professionals.epilepsy.com/page/table_epilepticus_ guidelines.html. Accessed November 5, 2009.Il bonus mobili è un incentivo fiscale che prevede la detrazione dall’imposta sul reddito delle persone fisiche del 50% delle spese sostenute per l’acquisto di mobili e grandi elettrodomestici per la casa. Si tratta di un beneficio fiscale destinato a coloro che hanno acquistato una casa di proprietà o in affitto con contratto registrato, quindi anche ai compratori di casa. Tuttavia, il bonus mobili non è valido per le seconde case o per le case che non vengono utilizzate come residenza principale. Inoltre, la detrazione deve essere richiesta nell’anno in cui sono state sostenute le spese e deve essere ripartita in 10 quote annuali di pari importo.Celebrated 19th century artist and naturalist John James Audubon captured the look of wildlife in American forests and wetlands in his monumental “Birds of America” series and a new Martin Museum of Art exhibit opening Saturday explores another territory where Audubon blazed trails, the overlap between science, specifically ornithology, and art.
“John James Audubon: Life, Work & Legacy,” the opening fall exhibit for the Baylor museum, looks at the impact that Audubon’s detailed studies of American birds and animals had on the scientific world and amateur bird-watching.
The show features about 45 drawings, watercolors, prints and paintings, plus four mounted birds and animals, and includes the Martin’s holdings of four original engravings, four lithographic prints and two prints from a smaller print release.
Supplementing the works in the Baylor collection are pieces on loan from the Minneapolis Institute of Art, the University of Tennessee, the University of Kansas and the Amon Carter Museum of American Art, which will provide context to Audubon’s work and world, said Martin collections manager Chani Jones.
A Family Day of free demonstrations, crafts and activities sponsored by several Waco organizations will open the show from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. Saturday outside the Hooper-Schaefer Fine Arts Center. Tours of the exhibit, which runs through Nov. 11, will be held at 11 a.m., 1 and 3 p.m.
“John James Audubon: Life, Work & Legacy” examines multiple angles about the French-born naturalist and his work: his own colorful life; the artistry in his wildlife studies and the printing techniques that spread his work to thousands of viewers; the state of 19th century art and ornithology; and the conservation movement that Audubon’s drawings would carry on long after his death in 1851.
“It’s an information-dense exhibit,” said Allison Chew, the museum’s director. “We’ve worked long and hard on this project for about three years.”
Born in Haiti and raised in France, Audubon came to America in 1801 at the age of 18. Seven years later, he moved from New York to the Kentucky frontier, where he married and started a family.
Years of failed business ventures followed before Audubon’s artistic studies of American birds and animals began to bring in some income. In 1820, he started work on the ambitious project of documenting American birds, which became his landmark print series and book, “The Birds of America.”
The 435-plate work, drawn by Audubon and reprinted and tinted by engravers, took some 14 years to complete, but transformed the artist with a prickly personality into a celebrity in Europe, which embraced him as a novel, rough-hewn American. Audubon returned to America, which now welcomed him.
The artist later tried to revisit that fame with a follow-up series of animals, “The Viviparous Quadrupeds of North America,” but it didn’t match the popularity of “Birds Of America” and he died in Manhattan before its completion by his sons.
“John James Audubon: Life, Work & Legacy” shows how the detailed drawings, accurate colors and lifelike poses of Audubon’s work set it apart from those of his contemporaries. In a pre-photographic age, most ornithologists relied on stuffed dead birds for their detailed studies. Audubon also used birds that he killed for his studies, but employed wire to put them in poses suggesting flight, noted Jones.
He relied on subscribers to underwrite the costs of his print series, with subscriptions at $1,000 — the equivalent of some $25,000 today — entitling them to periodic deliveries of five prints in various sizes, boxed in wooden and tin crates. Subscribers often later would have their prints bound into book form.
The Martin Museum exhibit features an Audubon print that proved a happy discovery for the Baylor art museum a little more than a year ago. Chew was looking at a print of a Great American Heron requested for a Baylor art class and noticed its appearance didn’t quite match other prints of the same study. “There was obviously something wrong and we thought we had a forgery,” she said.
An exhaustive bout of research into the Baylor print revealed the opposite. Not only was it an Audubon original, but from a small set completed by the artist’s first engraver before he fired him. Instead of a forgery, it was one of about 20 rare prints, Chew said.
The “Legacy” part of the show demonstrates how Audubon’s wildlife studies helped popularize ornithology and create a public awareness of nature and the environment that led to the conservation movement, the director said. Although his “Birds In America” captured several species that have gone extinct, Audubon himself didn’t come to that realization until late in his career, with a turning point his observation of a buffalo hunt where the animals were killed largely for their tongues, Chew said.
The run of “John James Audubon: Life, Work & Legacy” will feature lectures later this fall by Audubon expert Ron Tyler, retired from the Amon Carter Museum, and art conservator Tish Brewer of the Dallas-based Center For Art Conservation.
Saturday’s Family Day activities will feature birds from the Cameron Park Zoo from noon to 2 p.m., Audubon coloring books, crafts such as bird feeder construction and a pop-up library. Participating in the day are representatives from the zoo, the Central Texas Audubon Society, Lake Waco Wetlands, the Mayborn Museum, Keep Waco Beautiful and the Central Texas Artist Collective.Rüyada Yunus Görmenin AnlamıRüyalarda birçok rol oynar ve neredeyse hepsi oldukça olumludur.
Rüyada yunuslarla yüzmek, güven, uyum, koruma, yeniden doğuş ve iyi şans gibi çağrışımlarla oldukça olumlu bir işarettir . Rüyada yunus görmek, yunusların zeki memeliler olması ve insanlarla oynamayı sevmesi nedeniyle uyum ve heyecanı
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- How to help youth develop talentsسخنگوی وزارت بهداشت در نشست خبری:
هیچ کدام از بیمارستان ها و نهادهای عمومی غیردولتی مجاز نیستند که وسیله یا تجهیزات پزشکی فاقد کیفیت را خریداری کنند
سخنگوی وزارت بهداشت گفت: هیچ کدام از بیمارستان های دولتی و خصوصی و نهادهای عمومی غیردولتی مجاز نیستند که وسیله یا تجهیزات پزشکی فاقد کیفیت را خریداری کنند.
به گزارش وبدا، دکتر ایرج حریرچی در نشست خبری هفتگی با بیان این مطلب افزود: بیمارستان های دولتی مکلف هستند تجهیزاتی که در سامانه imed اعلام و قیمت گذاری شده را خریداری کنند، مردم نیز مطمئن باشند که تجهیزاتی که در بیمارستانها استفاده میشود با کیفیت و استاندارد است.
سخنگوی وزارت بهداشت د ر ادامه گفت: برخی افراد عادت داشتند جنس قاچاق و زیرپله ای بفروشند، اما با توجه به اینکه از اردیبهشت ماه امسال، اجبار شده که بیمارستان های خصوصی، نهادهای عمومی غیر دولتی، تامین اجتماعی و نیروهای مسلح بیماران را برای تامین ملزومات به بیرون از بیمارستان اعزام نکنند و کالاهای با کیفیت توسط خود بیمارستان تامین شود، افرادی که در زمینه قاچاق فعال بودند برای بازیابی بازار غیرقانونی خود، ادعای بی کیفیت بودن کالاهای پزشکی بیمارستانی را مطرح می کنند.
وی افزود: بعضی افراد نیز به علت نارضایتی از دانشگاه های علوم پزشکی یا وزارت بهداشت، فورا مصاحبه هایی انجام می دهند که در بیمارستان ها تجهیزات ارزان قیمت استفاده می شود، از طرفی برخی رسانه ها نیز این موضوع را تشدید می کنند، مثلا یک رسانه در مورد واکسن آنفلوآنزا خبری مبنی بر تاریخ گذشته بودن این واکسن انتشار داده بود، درحالیکه فقط یک مورد واکسن تاریخ گذشته آنفلوآنزا در کشور رخ داده بوده است که این موضوع منجر به ایجاد فضاسازی رسانه ای شد.
عمده افراد بیمه شده جدید که به صورت رایگان بیمه هستند، در حاشیه شهرها سکونت دارند
دکتر حریرچی در بخش دیگری از سخنان خود گفت:اقدامات بهداشتی و درمانی که در چند سال اخیر در حاشیه شهرها انجام شده است نه تنها باعث افتخار وزارت بهداشت، بلکه از افتخارات جمهوری اسلامی ایران محسوب می شود و در این زمینه بارها از سوی سازمان های بین المللی مورد تقدیر و تشویق قرار گرفته ایم.
سخنگوی وزارت بهداشت با اشاره به این که عمده افراد بیمه شده جدید که به صورت رایگان بیمه هستند، در حاشیه شهرها سکونت دارند، افزود: تا زمانی که امکانات بیشتری برای حاشیه شهرها فراهم شود، باید به این افراد که در معرض آسیب های ناشی از حاشیه نشینی بوده و از مواهب شهرنشینی محروم هستند، خدمت رسانی شایسته ای انجام شود.
وی با بیان این که تعداد افرادی که دو دفترچه دارند و دوبار حق بیمه می پردازند، بسیار اندک هستند، افزود: معمولا افرادی که دو دفترچه دارند یا جزو بیمه رایگان یا روستایی هستند و یا اینکه افرادی هستند که سرپرست خانوار حق بیمه ثابتی را برای آنها می پردازد و افراد تحت تکفل از آن دفترچه استفاده می کنند بنابراین این افراد بدون پرداخت حق بیمه، دفترچه دوم را دارند که منطقی نیست .
طبق قانون باید همپوشانی بیمه ها برطرف شود، اصل کلی این است که دفترچه بدون پرداخت حق بیمه، باید حذف شود
سخنگوی وزارت بهداشت با اشاره به این که منطقی نیست که اگر فردی توان مالی دارد، بدون پرداخت حق بیمه، تحت پوشش بیمه قرار گیرد، افزود: گاهی، افراد دارای دو دفترچه، از موضوع دو دفترچه ای بودن، سوء استفاده نمی کنند، بلکه در مورد بعضی بیماری های خاص، برخی افراد که به دفترچه آنها دسترسی دارند، از این دفترچه ها سوءاستفاده می کنند.
دکتر حریرچی همچنین با بیان این که طبق قانون باید همپوشانی بیمه ها برطرف شود، اصل کلی این است که دفترچه بدون پرداخت حق بیمه، باید حذف شود، افزود: سامانه استحقاق سنجی در این زمینه اقدام می کند و به این وسیله دفترچه دوم کنار گذاشته می شود. این اقدام توسط سازمان بیمه سلامت، تامین اجتماعی و نیروهای مسلح انجام شده و به تدریج پیش می رود. چنانچه مردم هم، طبق این اصل عمل کنند، سردرگم نمی شوند.
انگ زدایی در مورد بيماري ها و اختلالات روانپزشكي اهميت بسیاری دارد
معاون کل وزارت بهداشت در بخش دیگری از سخنان خود با اشاره به این که در گروه سنی ۱۵ تا ۶۴ سال، ٢٣.٦ درصد افراد به یکی از انواع اختلالات روانپزشکی مبتلا هستند، افزود: در اين گروه سني، ١٢.٧ درصد مبتلا به اختلال افسردگی و ١٥.٦ درصد آنها نيز به اختلالات اضطرابی مبتلا هستند.
سخنگوی وزارت بهداشت در ادامه با بیان این که وضعیت موجود اختلالات روانپزشکی در جوانان و نوجوانان در کشور، حاكي از آن است كه شيوع ۱۲ ماهه هرگونه اختلال روانپزشکی در سنين ۱۵ تا ۱۹ ساله، ٢١.٤ درصد و در سنين ۲۰ تا ۲۹ ساله، ٦.٢٤ درصد است ، افزود: شيوع ۱۲ ماهه هرگونه اختلال اضطراب در سنین ۱۵ تا ۱۹، ٣.١٥ درصد و در سنين ۲۰ تا ۲۹، ٦.١٥ درصد است .
وی افزود: همچنین شيوع ۱۲ ماهه هرگونه اختلال خلقي در افراد ۱۵ تا ۱۹، ۱۲.۸ درصد و در سنين ۲۰ تا ۲۹ ساله ٦.١٥ درصد و شيوع ۱۲ ماهه هر اختلال مصرف مواد در افراد ۱۵ تا ۱۹ ساله ۲.۱ درصد و در سنين ۲۰ تا ۲۹، ٣.٣ درصد است.
دکتر حریرچی همچنین گفت: بايد توجه شود كه در مورد بيماري ها و اختلالات روانپزشكي، انگ زدايي اهميت بسیاری دارد، چراكه اكثريت قريب به اتفاق مردم به دلیل انگ بيماري رواني براي درمان و پيگيري اختلالات رواني به روانشناس و روانپزشك مراجعه نمي كنند.
در میان بیماری های عفونی، بیماری سل بیشترین آمار مرگ و میر در دنیا را به خود اختصاص داده است
سخنگوی وزارت بهداشت در بخش دیگری از سخنان خود گفت: در میان بیماری های عفونی، بیماری سل بیشترین آمار مرگ و میر در دنیا را به خود اختصاص داده، به طوری که در کل دنیا، رتبه نهم بار بیماری ها را دارد و متاسفانه پیش بینی می شود تا سال 2030 میزان بار بیماری ناشی از بیماری سل افزایش یابد.
دکتر حریرچی با اشاره به این که 90 درصد مرگ و میرهای ناشی از بیماری سل، در کشورهای در حال توسعه رخ می دهد، افزود: در حال حاضر با اینکه گفته می شود که 60 درصد موارد ناشی از سل در دنیا شناسایی شده، 10.4 میلیون نفر در دنیا، بیمار مبتلا به سل شناسایی شده است.
وی همچنین افزود: در کل دنیا از هر 100 هزار نفر، 140 نفر به بیماری سل مبتلا هستند و در ایران نیز از هر 100 هزار نفر، 11 نفر به سل مبتلا می شوند، یعنی نسبت به متوسط دنیا این رقم حدود 14 برابر کمتر است.
تمامی خدمات تشخیصی و درمانی درمان سل در سراسر کشور به صورت رایگان ارائه می شود
سخنگوی وزارت بهداشت با بیان این که سال 96 در کشور، 8819 مورد بیمار مسلول شناسایی شده که حدود 15 درصد آنها غیر ایرانی بوده اند، گفت: بیشترین میزان بروز سل در افراد بالای 65 سال رخ می دهد.
وی با اشاره به این که میزان موفقیت در درمان سل در ایران، 87 درصد است و طبق هدف گیری ها، به 95 درصد خواهد رسید، افزود: بیماری سل علاوه براینکه جزو بیماری های نوپدید است، در مورد بعضی بیماران دیگر شیوع بیشتری دارد، مثلا در مورد بیماران مبتلا به ایدز این اتفاق می افتد و 10 درصد بیماران مبتلا به ایدز به سل نیز مبتلا می شوند. به طور کلی برای گروه های پرخطر برنامه استراتژیک کشوری داریم و دارو برای این افراد توزیع شده و بر مصرف داروی این افراد نظارت می شود.
دکتر حریرچی در ادامه با بیان این که اخیرا 30 آزمایشگاه ویژه کشت سل و همچنین 5 مرکز بستری سل مقاوم به درمان در شیراز، مشهد، تبریز، گرگان و کرمانشاه به بهره برداری رسیده است، گفت: همچنین 8 آزمایشگاه مرجع منطقه ای ویژه سل راه اندازی شده و در این راستا، شبکه آزمایشگاهی سل نیز در 381 شهر در کشور آزمایشگاه های خود را مستقر کرده اند. آزمایشگاه کشوری سل نیز در بیمارستان مسیح دانشوری به عنوان قطب شناخته شده است .
وی با اشاره به این که یک بیمارستان مدرن تشخیصی و درمانی سل نیز در شهرستان زابل به کمک خیّرین و وزارت بهداشت در حال احداث است، افزود: تمامی خدمات تشخیصی و درمانی درمان سل در سراسر کشور به صورت رایگان ارائه می شود./207
نسخه چاپي ارسال به دوست
دوشنبه ٢٣ مهر ١٣٩٧ - ١٤:٢٠ / شماره خبر: ١٨٢٣٢٥ / تعداد نمايش: 440人物简介 王云五是现代出版家、商务印书馆总经理，他自称“一念之误”入了国民政府，当过台湾“考试院”副院长、“行政院”副院长等职务。王云五自幼自学成才，出版了王云五大辞典、万有文库等作品，曾经是北京英文《民主报》主编、北京大学等高校的英语教授。王云五还利用国外先进的科学管理方式和经营手段，带领商务走向新的出版辉煌，也为我国近代文化教育事业做出了重大贡献。
人物生平
自学成才
1888年7月9日（清光绪十四年六月初一）出生于上海一小商人家庭。王家世代耕读，父亲王光斌弃农经商，到上海开设一爿小店。王云五出生时，家中已有两位哥哥、两位姐姐。王云五童年时代在家乡泮沙村度过。他的大哥日华长他九岁，聪敏勤学。幼年时，大哥成了他最好的老师。他6岁随大哥读《三字经》《千字文》，7岁时随大哥回到上海，8岁开始读《孟子》。一天，大哥讲到“君之视臣如土芥，则臣视君如寇仇”这段话时，云五极有所感，因为他的表哥陆皓东上年在广州被捕并遭清政府杀害。他很气愤地对大哥说：“那个西太后把臣民当作土芥，臣民为什么不把她视同寇仇？陆表兄的举动只是要杀人民的寇仇，怎算得是造反呢？”他的话使大哥大吃一惊，并向父亲报告：“四弟读书还不差，只是防他长大后要走错路。”
1897年，王云五9岁时，大哥回乡应试，顺利地通过了“童子试”，但还未成为秀才，便因病逝于乡下。因此，村里人都说他家风水不好，不该违反天意，他父亲再也不敢让他走读书应试这条路了，只把他送入私塾，多识几个字，为日后转习商务准备条件。
1902年，父亲送14岁的他到一家五金店，要他一面做学徒，一面到夜校补英文。后来他离开五金店，入美国教会主办的守真书馆学习英语。
1904年，进入一家同文馆修业，次年春还兼任该馆的教生(助教)。同文馆附设图书馆，这使他有机会广泛阅读西方学者斯宾塞、孟德斯鸠等人的著作。
1905年，17岁的王云五用按揭的方式买了一套《大不列颠百科全书》，三年后付清书款时，他已经把大百科全书通读一遍了。
1906年起，先后在上海同文馆、中国公学等校教授英文。
1906年冬，王云五被上海益智书室聘为英语教员，兼授数学、史地课，开始步入教育界。
1907年春，任振群学社社长。在一首诗中，他表明了当时的志向：“风云扰扰亚洲时，大厦教谁一木支。努力中原他日事，巍峨天半铸男儿。”10月，他转入中国新公学任英语教习，胡适(时名洪骍)、朱经农等为该校学生。胡适曾说：“我在中国公学两年，受姚康侯和王云五两先生的影响很大。”嗣后中国新公学并入中国公学，王云五继续任教历时四年。
1909年，任闸北留美预备学堂教务长。
1912年，加入国民党，先任南京临时大总统府秘书，后在北洋政府教育部任事。同年底任北京英文《民主报》主编及北京大学、国民大学、中国公学大学部等英语教授。
1913年5月辞教育部职，任中国公学大学部教授，讲授英文、英国文学等课程。
1917年起，在上海从事编译工作，并创办公民书局，开始出版商生涯。
1919年，五四运动以后，上海商务印书馆亟谋适应时代潮流，编译所邀胡适任所长,胡改荐王云五。
1921年9月，王云五上任商务编译所副所长，旋任所长，就任后以“教育普及”、“学术独立”为方针,组织编译了一批介绍中外古籍名著的丛书,颇受社会重视。
1925年3月，发明四角号码检字法和编出《王云五大词典》等书，在学术界获得一定声名。
1930年2月，任商务印书馆总经理，积极推行科学管理法，开创商务印书馆日出新书一种的新局面，出版许多有价值的书籍，对中国文化教育事业作出了重要贡献。直到1946年4月因任他职才辞去商务印书馆总经理职。
1937年，抗日战争爆发后，王云五开始投身政界，连任四届国民参政会参政员,政协代表。
1946年，辞去商务印书馆的职务，出任国民政府经济部部长,制宪国大代表。
1947年4月，任行政院副院长,积极支持反共内战政策。
1948年5月，王云五出任行政院政务委员兼财政部部长。为挽救濒于崩溃的经济,他在蒋介石授意下,提出币制改革方案，以金圆券代替法币,限制物价,并获通过实行。但不久即遭到失败,王云五因此被弹劾下台。
1949年4月，去台湾。
1954年，出任台湾“考试院”副院长、“行政院”副院长，至1964年退出政坛，辞去官职后，重新将主要精力投入文化教育事业；在台湾，他有“博士之父”的誉称，但直到1969年获韩国建国大学名誉法学博士学位，他才算有了“文凭”。曾先后任台湾当局行政院设计委员,总统府国策顾问台湾商务印书馆董事长等职。
1979午7月6日，王云五因患感冒住进台北荣民总医院，当时仅有微咳，住院后才开始发烧，但服药即止，几天后出院。8月4日，他又因肺炎入院，自谓“约需住院一星期”。哪知延至8月14日，即溘然病逝，终年92岁。逝世前几天他还奋力执笔为“商务”的老前辈张元济的《涉园序跋集录》写跋文，为后人研究商务印书馆留下了一份极其宝贵的史料。王云五曾说：“人生如斯，好像一次壮游。”他九十二年的壮游，已在历史上留下了无数的足印。功过是非，自有后人评断。
学优则仕
辛亥武昌首义后，上海革命军兴，学校停课。王云五为李怀霜主办的《天铎报》撰稿，并任《南方日报》译述。12月孙中山从欧洲回国，香山县的旅沪同乡会在扆虹园设宴欢迎，王为宴会主持人，他所致的欢迎词以及对中华民国建国意见的陈说，都得到孙中山的欣赏。1912年1月，中华民国临时政府成立，王云五被孙中山聘任为大总统府秘书。他将其对教育政策和制度的主张写信给教育总长蔡元培，没想到与他没有一面之缘的蔡先生竟邀他到教育部工作。得到孙中山的同意后，他上午在总统府办公，下午到教育部做事。3月教育部迁北京，他任专门司第一科科长，又负责起草大学令和专门学校令。不久被荐为佥事，同年9月加入国民党。1916年春，他离京至沪，7月任苏粤赣三省禁烟特派员。
除了任公职外，他也开始笔耕的生活。1912年4月兼北平《民主日报》撰述，以岫庐和出岫的笔名写社评。由于文章批评时政，引起北洋军阀的不满，这张报也就被封闭了。
在担任禁烟特派员期间，因为耿介和认真的性格，使他难免染上是非。心力交瘁下，他决定离开行政，以从事翻译
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برابر تهدیدات سایبری پدیدار شد.
مؤسسات آموزش عالی باید ابزارهای جدیدی را پیاده سازی کنند که امنیت سایبری را افزایش می دهد، مانند تجزیه و تحلیل رفتار کاربر و نهاد (UEBA)، که فعالیت های مشکوک را در رفتار معمول کاربر شناسایی می کند.
ARVR
دیگر فناوریهای نوظهور در آموزش، واقعیت افزوده و واقعیت مجازی هستند. آنها در حال حاضر در کلاسهای درس برای ایجاد درسهای آموزندهتر استفاده میشوند، زیرا این فناوریها میتوانند حیوانات را وارد کلاسهای درس کنند یا کل کلاس را به ماه منتقل کنند.
اگرچه واقعیت مجازی همچنان از نظر هزینه و محتوا دارای محدود کنندههایی است، اما واقعیت افزوده یک فناوری در دسترستر است زیرا فقط به تلفن همراه نیاز دارد.
اطلاعات بزرگ
ده سال پیش، مدیریت داده های ده ها یا حتی صدها هزار دانش پذیر بر روی کاغذ دشوار بود.
خوشبختانه، در دنیای مدرن که همه چیز دیجیتالی شده است، می توانیم از Big Data برای مدیریت، تجزیه و تحلیل و استفاده بهتر داده ها استفاده کنیم.
کلان داده در آموزش بیشتر اطلاعاتی در مورد عملکرد و توانایی های هر دانش پذیراست که می تواند تجربه یادگیری آنها را با شخصی سازی آن بهبود بخشد.
علاوه بر این، برای تجزیه و تحلیل بهتر برنامه استفاده می شود و پایه ای برای یادگیری ماشین و هوش مصنوعی است.
هوش مصنوعی و یادگیری ماشینی
هوش مصنوعی و پایه آن، یادگیری ماشینی، بخشی از تحول دیجیتال جهانی است و مؤسسات پیشرفته از آن عقب نمانده اند.
این فناوریهای نوظهور برای دستیاران آموزشی هوش مصنوعی، تجزیه و تحلیل پیشرفته عملکرد دانشپذیران، دادههای اینترنت اشیا و موارد دیگر استفاده میشوند.
پیاده سازی هوش مصنوعی بسیار مهم است زیرا نسل کنونی در پلتفرم هایی مانند یوتیوب، گوگل و آمازون به آن عادت کرده است و آنها می خواهند تجربیات یادگیری با آنها تطبیق داده شود و در هر زمان و هر کجا که بخواهند از آن استفاده کنند.
هوش مصنوعی میتواند در محتوا و سیستمهای مدیریت یادگیری برای ایجاد ابزارهای یادگیری با قابلیت هوش مصنوعی بیشتر استفاده شود که نه تنها پاسخی برای دانشپذیران ایجاد میکند، بلکه توضیح واضح و راهنمای گامبهگامی را در اختیار آنها قرار میدهد.
چنین رویکرد یادگیری باعث افزایش کارایی دانش پذیران می شود زیرا آنها می توانند در هر مکان و هر زمان یاد بگیرند.
علاوه بر این، برخی از مدارس، از جمله دانشگاه دیکین، از هوش مصنوعی مانند واتسون IBM برای کمک به دانشپذیران در اولین سال تحصیلی خود در دانشگاه برای ایجاد لذتبخشترین تجربه استفاده میکنند.
واتسون در دانشگاه دیکین می تواند به بیش از ۱۶۰۰ سؤال در زمان واقعی در مورد پذیرش، مجوزهای پارک، زندگی در خوابگاه، رفت و آمد در شهر، کمک های مالی، زندگی در دانشگاه و موارد دیگر پاسخ دهد.
چنین بخش کوچکی از تحول دیجیتال پردیس در آموزش عالی به دانشجویان کمک می کند تا در خانه مستقر شوند و احساس کنند بیشتر در خانه هستند. در نتیجه میزان ماندگاری افزایش می یابد و استرس دانشجوی سال اول کاهش می یابد.
افزایش دسترسی
دانشگاه ها سعی می کنند آموزش را برای افراد دارای معلولیت در دسترس قرار دهند تا به انطباق با ADA برسند.
دانشگاه ها در حال اجرای فناوری مدرن مانند تشخیص گفتار و رونویسی برای دانشجویان ناشنوا یا کم شنوا هستند.
راهحلهای فناوری اطلاعات که قبلاً ذکر شد در پردیسها و کلاسهای درس، آموزش برابر و در دسترس را برای هر دانشپذیر فراهم میکند.
رونویسی سخنرانیها نه تنها به دانشپذیران معلول کمک میکند، بلکه میتواند توسط سایر دانش پذیران برای جستجو در سخنرانیها و مرور آنها پس از کلاسها استفاده شود.
چت ربات ها
قبلاً در مورد دستیارهای مصنوعی صحبت کرده ایم که می توانند به سؤالات دانش پذیران پاسخ دهند.
معمول استفاده از این فناوری، خدمات مشتریان دانشگاه است تا به سرعت برخی از سؤالات سادهتر دانشجویان را رسیدگی کند و بار خطوط تلفن را کاهش دهد.
علاوه بر تمام مزایایی که رباتهای چت ارائه میکنند، آنها همچنین به انطباق با ADA کمک میکنند، زیرا میتوانند برای کسانی که قادر به چت کردن تلفنی نیستند از آنها استفاده کنند.
سخن پایانی
هر تغییر و تحولی یک چالش است، بسیار سخت است که رویکردهای شناخته شده و راحت را از بین ببریم و آنها را با چیزی جدید و ناشناخته جایگزین کنیم.
اما تحول دیجیتالی بیشتر یک نیاز است تا یک گزینه. میتوانید با برداشتن گامهای کوچک مانند ایجاد یک پلتفرم آموزش الکترونیکی شروع کنید و به سمت چیزی پیچیدهتر مانند اینترنت اشیا و هوش مصنوعی بروید.Genomics is the study of the genomes of organisms. The field includes intensive efforts to determine the entire DNA sequence of organisms and fine-scale genetic mapping efforts.
The field also includes studies of intragenomic phenomena such as heterosis, epistasis, pleiotropy and other interactions between loci and alleles within the genome. In contrast, the investigation of the roles and functions of single genes is a primary focus of molecular biology or genetics and is a common topic of modern medical and biological research. Research of single genes does not fall into the definition of genomics unless the aim of this genetic, pathway, and functional information analysis is to elucidate its effect on, place in, and response to the entire genome’s networks.
For the United States Environmental Protection Agency, “the term “genomics” encompasses a broader scope of scientific inquiry associated technologies than when genomics was initially considered. A genome is the sum total of all an individual organism’s genes. Thus, genomics is the study of all the genes of a cell, or tissue, at the DNA (genotype), mRNA (transcriptome), or protein (proteome) levels.”
Genomics was established by Fred Sanger when he first sequenced the complete genomes of a virus and a mitochondrion. His group established techniques of sequencing, genome mapping, data storage, and bioinformatic analyses in the 1970-1980s.
A major branch of genomics is still concerned with sequencing the genomes of various organisms, but the knowledge of full genomes has created the possibility for the field of functional genomics, mainly concerned with patterns of gene expression during various conditions.
The most important tools here are microarrays and bioinformatics. Study of the full set of proteins in a cell type or tissue, and the changes during various conditions, is called proteomics.
For more information, please visit: news-medical.netThe pottery of ancient Greece from c. 1000 to c. 400 BCE provides not only some of the most distinctive vase shapes from antiquity but also some of the oldest and most diverse representations of the cultural beliefs and practices of the ancient Greeks. Further, pottery, with its durability (even when broken) and lack of appeal to treasure hunters, is one of the great archaeological survivors and is, therefore, an important tool for archaeologists and historians in determining the chronology of ancient Greece. Whatever their artistic and historical value though, the vast majority of Greek vases, despite now being dusty museum pieces, were actually meant for everyday use and, to paraphrase Arthur Lane, it is perhaps worth remembering that standing on a stone pavement and drenched with water, they would have once gleamed in the Mediterranean sun.
Materials & Production
The clay (keramos) to produce pottery (kerameikos) was readily available throughout Greece, although the finest was Attic clay, with its high iron content giving an orange-red colour with a slight sheen when fired and the pale buff of Corinth. Clay was generally prepared and refined in settling tanks so that different consistencies of material could be achieved depending on the vessel types to be made with it.
Greek pottery was invariably made on the potter’s wheel and usually made in separate horizontal sections: the foot, the lower and upper body, the neck, and finally the handles, if necessary. These sections were then joined together with a clay ‘slip’ after drying and it is possible in many cases to see the prints of the potter impressed on the inside of the vessel. The piece was then put back on the wheel to smooth the join marks and add the final shaping. Therefore, all vases were unique and the small variations in dimensions reveal that the use of simple tools and not cut-out templates was the norm.
Next, the pot was decorated. This process depended on the decorative style in vogue at the time, but popular methods included painting the whole or parts of the vase with a thin black adhesive paint which was added with a brush, the marks of which remain visible in many cases. This black paint was a mix of alkali potash or soda, clay with silicon content, and black ferrous oxide of iron. The paint was affixed to the pot by using a fixative of urine or vinegar which burned away in the heat of the kiln, binding the paint to the clay. Another technique, used more rarely, was to cover the vessel with a white clay paint. Alternatively, only lines or figures were added in black using a thicker version of the black paint mentioned above and applied with a stiff brush or feather; in consequence, a slight relief effect was achieved. Minor details were often added with a thinned black paint giving a yellow-brown colour, a white pipe-clay, and a dark red of ochre and manganese. The latter two colours tended to flake off over time.
The finished pot was then ready to be put in the kiln and fired at a temperature of around 960 °C, which is relatively low and explains the ‘softness’ of Greek pottery (in comparison to, for example, Chinese porcelain). Pots were fired several times (in the same kiln) in order to achieve the required finish and colouring. First, the pot was fired in an oxidising fire where good ventilation to the kiln ensured that the orange/red of the clay came to the fore. Then the pot was re-fired in a kiln starved of oxygen (reduction process) by adding water or damp wood inside the kiln. This ensured that the painted colours, particularly the black, darkened in colour. A third firing, again with good ventilation, re-reddened the clay of the pot whilst the painted areas, now protected by a thin wash, kept their original colouring. This complicated process obviously required excellent timing from the potter so as not to spoil the vase with unseemly discolouring.
Potters & Painters
Painter and potter (kerameus) were usually, although not always, separate specialists. However, lasting partnerships existed such as between the potter Ergotimos and painter Kleitas. Many individual potters and less frequently, painters, have been identified with certainty through their signatures (most commonly as “...made this”) although the majority of Greek vases are unsigned. However, Professor J. D. Beazley, working in the 20th century CE, identified more than 500 unsigned artists distinguishable through their particular style. Beazley’s systematic and comprehensive cataloguing of Greek pottery has also allowed for the study of its evolution in techniques, designs, and decoration.
Painters often worked in collective workshops, generally under the supervision of one ‘master’ potter (which suggests form was actually more important than decoration for the Greeks). Although artists were free from centralised political control or restrictions, they no doubt were driven by the market demand for particular styles, subjects, and fashions. Many potters and artists were prolific in their output and in some cases over 200 vases may be attributed to a single artist. The majority of pottery workers would have been paid no more than any other manual labourer and a good vase probably cost only a day’s wages. Certainly though, a few artists would have been in great demand and their goods were sold not only locally but far and wide throughout the Mediterranean. Potters themselves sometimes relocated to other cities, particularly colonies, often taking with them their regional style. There was also some rivalry between artists as indicated by one signed comment on a vase, “better than Euphronias could ever have done”.
Although Greek pottery provides us with a wide range of shapes from cups to plates to massive amphorae, many of the forms remained relatively constant over centuries. This is primarily because Greek potters were producing wares for practical use - holding wine, water, oil, and perfumes - and once the optimum practical shape had evolved, it was copied and maintained. However, despite this restriction in form, the Greek potters and painters could express their versatility in the decoration of the vase.
The most common forms of pottery were amphorae for storing wine, large kraters for mixing wine with water, jugs (oinochoai) for pouring wine, kylixes or stemmed cups with horizontal handles for drinking (especially practical if lifting a cup from the floor when reclining on a lounger at dinner), hydra with three handles for holding water, skyphoi or deep bowls, and lekythoi jars for holding oils and perfumes. Precisely because these objects were for practical use, handles (when present) are generally sturdy affairs, yet the potter, by using carefully considered shapes, often managed to blend these additions into the overall harmony of the vessel and was aided in this endeavour with subtle decorative additions by the painter.
Decorative Styles: Proto-Geometric Pottery
Greek pottery, particularly in terms of decoration, evolved over the centuries and may be categorized into four broad groups:
These groups or styles, however, did not pass abruptly from one to the other but rather in some cases ran contemporary for decades. Also, some city-states and regions were either slow to catch on to new styles or simply preferred the ‘old’ style decoration long after they had gone out of production elsewhere. In addition, some cities and regions were consistently a little eccentric in their decoration (notably Laconia-Sparta, Cyprus, Crete, and Boeotia) and preferred to follow their own artistic path rather than imitate the styles of the more dominant centres such as Athens and Corinth.
The first distinctive Greek pottery style first appeared around 1000 BCE or perhaps even earlier. Reminiscent in technique of the earlier Greek civilizations of Minoan Crete and the Mycenaean mainland, early Greek pottery decoration employed simple shapes, sparingly used. Proto-Geometric pottery, however, differs from Minoan and Mycenaean in shape. The centre of gravity of the vase is moved downwards (creating a more stable vessel) with the feet and neck more articulated.
The most popular Proto-Geometric designs were precisely painted circles (painted with multiple brushes fixed to a compass), semi-circles, and horizontal lines in black and with large areas of the vase painted solely in black. A new motif on the bases of vessels was the upright triangular points which would endure for centuries and become a staple feature of the later black-figure pottery design.
From around 900 BCE the full Geometric style appeared and favoured the rectangular space on the main body of the vase between the handles. Bold linear designs (perhaps influenced by contemporary basketwork and weaving styles) appeared in this space with vertical line decoration on either side. It was in this period that the Maeander design first appeared (perhaps inspired by the practice of wrapping leaves around the rims of metal bowls), destined to become forever associated with Greece and still going strong on everything from plates to beach towels even today. The lower portion of Geometric vessels were often painted in black and separated from the rest of the vase using horizontal lines. An interesting Geometric style shape appeared which was the circular box with a flat lid, on top of which, one to four horses acted as a handle.
From the 8th century BCE, Geometric pottery decoration began to include stylized human figures, birds, and animals with nearly all the surface of the vase covered in bold lines and shapes painted in brown and black. Towards the end of the period in the 7th century BCE, the so-called Orientalising style became popular in Corinth. With its eastern trade connections, the city appropriated the stylised plants (e.g. lotus, palm, and the tree of life), animal friezes (e.g. lions), and curved lines of Egyptian and Assyrian pottery to produce its own unique Greek version. The rest of eastern Greece followed suit, often preferring red on a white slip background. Athens also followed the new trend and it became widespread with, for example, the Cyclades also producing pottery in this new freer style, often on very large vases and with more spacious decoration.
At the end of the 7th century BCE, Proto-Corinthian pottery reached new heights of technique and quality producing the finest pottery yet seen, in firing, shape, and decoration. The black stylized figures became more and more precisely engraved and were given ever more detail, grace, and vigour. The celebrated black-figure pottery style was born.
Although first produced in Corinth, then with fine examples made in Laconia and southern Italy (by Euboean settlers), it would be the potters and painters of Attica who would excel above all others in the black-figure style, and they would go on to dominate the Greek market for the next 150 years. Not all figures were painted black as certain colour conventions were adopted, such as white for female flesh and purple-red for clothes and accessories. A greater interest in fine details such as muscles and hair, which were added to the figures using a sharp instrument, is characteristic of the style. However, it is the postures of the figures which also mark out black-figure pottery as the zenith of Greek vase painting. The finest figures are given grace and poise and often illustrated in the moments before actual movement or resting after exertion.
The famous vase by Exekias, with Ajax and Achilles playing a board game during the Trojan War, is an excellent example of the dignity and energy black-figure painting could achieve. In addition, black-figure vases often told, for the first time, a narrative. Perhaps the most celebrated example is the Francois Vase, a large volute krater made by Ergotimos and painted by Kleitas (570-565 BCE) which is 66cm high (26 inches) and covered in 270 human and animal figures depicting an astonishing range of scenes and characters from Greek mythology. Typical other vessels of the black-figure style are amphorae, lekythoi, kylixes, plain cups, pyxides (small lidded boxes) and bowls.
The black-figure technique was replaced by the red-figure technique (red figures created by painting their outline with a black slip background) around 530 BCE which would endure for the next 130 years or so. The two styles were parallel for some time and there are even ‘bilingual’ examples of vases with both styles but the red-figure, with its advantage of the brush over the graver, could attempt to more realistically portray the human figure and eventually it became the favoured style of Greek pottery decoration. Perhaps influenced by contemporary wall painting techniques, anatomical detail, diverse facial expressions, greater detail in clothing (especially of folds, following the new fashion of the lighter chiton dress which also fascinated contemporary sculptors), greater attempts at portraying perspective, the overlapping of figures, and the depiction of everyday life such as education and sporting
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ılması.
Araştırma öğrencileri, haftada bir eğitim oturumlarına katılmaları için onları geliştirme mesleğinde kullanılan bir dizi pratik teknik ve mesleki becerilerle tanıştırmaya teşvik edilir; Kalkınma Çalışmaları ile ilgili konularda ve uygunsa, post-deneyim atölyeleri ile ilgili iki haftalık seminerler.
yapı
Yıl 1
Öğrencilerin ilk yıllarından sonra MPhil'den doktora derecesine yükseltmeleri bekleniyor.
İlk haftadaki SOAS atanan Danışmanınızla görüşmeniz ve Danışmanınızla SOAS , araştırma komitenizde görev yapmak üzere iki akademisyeni seçmeniz beklenmektedir.
İlk yılın modülünde, Bölümün Yüksek Lisans Eğitim Araştırma Seminerine katılmanız gerekmektedir. Bu oturumlar size araştırma metodolojisindeki temel eğitimi sunacaktır ve işe başlamanıza yardımcı olacaktır: özellikle, 3. Dönem'de bir vivada sunmanız ve savunmanız gereken 'yükseltme belgesinin' bileşenlerini yazılı olarak size yardımcı olacaklardır. ilk yılın.
Araştırma yöntemleri ve diğer teorik ve ampirik olarak ilgili lisansüstü modüllerin eğitim kaynakları zenginliği göz önüne alındığında, SOAS diğer fakültelerde ve diğer fakültelerde, öğrencilerin modülleri denetlemeleri şiddetle tavsiye edilir. Ek modüller, özellikle kavramsal veya alanlara özgü konular veya konular için, MPhil Seminarlarında verilen eğitimi tamamlamanın yolları olarak, paha biçilmez olabilir. Tez yöneticisi ve öğrenci, yılın başlarında tez konusu ile ilgili en uygun eğitim ve modül portföyünü, temel araştırma sorularını ve araştırmanın yapılacağı ortamı tartışır.
İlk yıldan sonra program
Öğrenciler geliştirdikten sonra, ampirik çalışmanın ayrıntılarını tasarlamaya ve ilk yılın modülünde yazılmış taslakları düzenlemeye hemen devam etmelidirler. Geliştirme Çalışmaları öğrencilerinin çoğu, ikinci yıllarında saha çalışmasına başlayacağından, 3 yıllık zaman sınırını akılda tutmak ve alan çalışmasının tamamlanmasına kadar yazım bölümlerini ertelememek önemlidir. Bu dönemde yapılan herhangi bir yazı, karşılığında çok önemli bir zaman kazandıracak.
Normalde, bir öğrenci aşağıdaki yazışma programına uygun olacaktır:
4., 5. ve 6. terimler: Saha çalışması ve veri işlemenin başlangıcı ve bölüm şablonlarının hazırlanması;
İkinci yılın yaz tatili şartları 7 ve 8: Veri analizleri ve ilk bölümleri gözden geçirmek ve nihai bir taslak hazırlamak için literatür taramasına geri dönüş;
Terim 9: İlk taslağın gözden geçirilmesi, gerekli yeniden yazma işleminin tamamlanması ve tezin sunulması. 9. Dönemden sonra yazmaya devam etme olasılığı vardır, ancak tez 4 üncü yılın bitiminden önce herhangi bir durumda sunulmalıdır. Bu tezin, tam zamanlı aktif araştırmanın üç yılı içinde bitmesi beklense de, bu son son tarih olacaktır.三分28
据美国“商业内幕”网站报道，当地时间30日晚10点被发布在推特上的一段45秒视频显示，西雅图一名警察在一家商店外逮捕一名身穿黄色衣服的示威男子时，先是将其制服在地上，然后还跪压在这种男子的脖子上。
在斯旺森喊出“我们一起走”后，人群中发出了欢呼声。随后，斯旺森与抗议者们一起穿过街道表达诉求，并和抗议者们一起自拍、击掌庆祝。
据美国《国会山报》5月31日报道，乔治·弗洛伊德被警察暴力致死一事在美国持续发酵，越来越多的抗议者走上街头，一些州甚至为此动用了国民警卫队。
“没有人有权向任何一个人做出那样的事，人们对待狗都比这强！”在接受俄媒采访谈到乔治?弗洛伊德之死时，乔治?弗洛伊德的姑姑声泪俱下地对记者这样控诉。
西雅图警察逮捕示威者时跪在其脖子上
在美国黑人男子弗洛伊德遭到白人警察粗暴执法死亡后，全美已连续多日爆发抗议活动，在一些地区，抗议示威甚至演变为暴力活动。美国民众纷纷走上街头，抗议弗洛伊德遭到不公正对待。美媒称，这次抗议与最近几天的暴力抗议形成了鲜明对比。【环球网综合报道】在美国抗议警察“跪脖锁喉”致黑人男子死亡的抗议示威活动中，又出现了警察将膝盖抵压示威者脖子的事。但这次，这名警察被旁边的同事拉开了。
报道称，斯旺森指着站在他身后的警察告诉抗议的人群，“我们真的想和你们在一起，我更想让这成为一场游行，而不是抗议，我摘下头盔，他们也会放下警棍。告诉我们你们想做什么，”他高喊，“我们一起走。”
斯旺森将这次游行描述为“魔法”，并指出当天他们没有逮捕任何人，也没有财产损失的报告。斯旺森表示，“我们不该忘记，全国各地的警车上都写着‘保护和服务’，这意味着所有人都应该享有同样的尊严。我们前进了，没有造成任何伤害，没有人被捕，没有人受伤，这才是我们应该做的。”
“今日俄罗斯”（RT）6月1日报道称，乔治?弗洛伊德的姑姑安吉拉?哈雷尔森接受RT专访时表示，她不能容忍她侄子之死引发的反对警察暴力抗议演变成抢劫和骚乱，但她能够理解这一特殊事件所引发的众怒。
围观者很快注意到了警察的这一行为，视频显示，旁边有其他人在反复喊叫，“把你的膝盖从他的脖子上挪开。”نماینده ادوار مجلس گفت: سودی که این روزها مشمولان سهام سهام عدالت دریافت می کنند و از آن بهرهمند شده اند، موجب خوشنودی و خوشحالی اقشار آسیب پذیر جامعه شده است.
حجتالاسلام محمدرضا امیری در خصوص پرداخت سود سهام عدالت گفت: سودی که این روزها مشمولان سهام سهام عدالت دریافت می کنند و از آن بهرهمند شده اند، موجب خوشنودی و خوشحالی اقشار آسیب پذیر جامعه شده است.
نماینده ادوار مجلس افزود: البته این سود یک سوم مبلغ سودی است که قرار است مشمولان تا انتهای سال دریافت کنند، بنابراین همین مقدار سود هم برای برخی مشمولان که نیازمند هستند و تحت پوشش نهادهای حمایتی قرار دارند، رقم قابل توجهی است.
وی اضافه کرد: البته مشمولان باید توجه داشته باشند سودی که دریافت می کنند، متعلق به سهام آنها است و کماکان اصل سهام عدالتشان محفوظ است و در سالهای آینده نیز می توانند از مزایای آن بهره مند شوند.
نماینده سابق کهنوج در مجلس ادامه داد: بر این اساس اگر مشمولان در آینده اقدام به فروش سهام خود نکنند می توانند سالیان سال از مزایای آن بهره مند شوند، ضمن این که اصل سهام آنها نیز با افزایش قیمت مواجه خواهد شد.
منبع:تسنیمThis book tells the story of the late colonial and early reservation history of the Seneca Indians, and of the prophet Handsome Lake, his visions, and the moral and religious revitalization of an American Indian society that he and his followers achieved in the years around 1800. Until this volume, there has been no single book written that relates the history and life style of one of the Iroquois peoples with the encompassing depth and breadth of knowledge, clarity, and interest that the subject deserves. Finally, this book does it for the Seneca. It is enthralling history, told in a knowledgeable, highly readable way.
Anthony Francis Clarke Wallace is a Canadian-American anthropologist who specializes in Native American cultures, especially the Iroquois. His research expresses an interest in the intersection of cultural anthropology and psychology. He is famous for the theory of revitalization movements. He was born in Toronto, Ontario, in 1923, the son of the historian Paul Wallace, and did both undergraduate and graduate work at the University of Pennsylvania, where he was a student of A. Irving Hallowell and Frank Speck. He received his Ph.D. in 1950. He later taught at the University of Pennsylvania, where his students included the anthropologist Raymond D. Fogelson. He was also for a time the Director of Clinical Research at the Eastern Pennsylvania Psychiatric Institute.Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common natural occurring degenerative conditions of the body’s joints affecting people of all ages however it is more prevalent as we age. It is characterised primarily by a loss of cartilage around a joint, which helps to provide smooth gliding of a joint, and results in pain and swelling as the joint loses its ability to work in a smooth fluid process. So why does osteoarthritis occur? The primary reason we see damage build in joints is loss of the normal function of the joint. The joint has no direct blood supply so it is reliant upon function for nutrients to be pushed into the joint as movement occurs. If normal joint movement is diminished by change in alignment, the nourishing process is inhibited and the damage of osteoarthritis starts to build.
Research indicates that 90% of people will have some type of osteoarthritic changes occurring in their weight bearing joints by the time they are 40 years of age. While not all of these are symptomatic, patients with osteoarthritis present regularly to their doctors or chiropractors with joint pain with or without inflammation. These damaged joints can be irritated by too much activity or not enough activity. Different joints are affected depending on posture, injury, past history and a range of hereditary factors.
It can affect any joint in the body however the body’s major weight bearing joints such as the knees, hips, lumbar spine and ankles are more commonly affected than others. Pain is the most common symptom.
Chiropractors provides conservative care that may give effective results even with joints severely damaged by osteoarthritis . A thorough assessment is vital for treatment prescription. Treatment may comprise of:
- Spinal manipulation and joint mobilisation to restore normal joint function (or as close as possible)
- Exercise prescription to develop an individualised plan of exercises to improve flexibility and strength.
- Assistance with functional, gait and balance training to address impairments of positional awareness, balance and strength in individuals who are at higher risk of injury due to falls.
- Soft tissue therapy to the surrounding tissues, often the pain associated with osteoarthritis involves more than just the joint
- A home exercise program if done regularly will assist in reducing additional osteoarthritic flare-ups. Unfortunately long term compliance with this management plan does not always occur. Many patients will discontinue exercising once pain has subsided and function semi-restored until the next flare-up of pain. This can create further joint damage and deterioration by the repetitive cycle of exercise and inactivity.
A maintenance chiropractic visit every 4-6 weeks is an effective method of maintaining joint mobility and nourishing. It will also allow the chiropractor to review, modify and reinforce the prescribed exercises. Research indicates that while maintenance is ongoing, the overall medical costs are reduced for the patient due to the control of acute flare-ups.
Don’t be Afraid to Reach Out!
The best people to understand the challenges you face are others with arthritis. They can commiserate with your difficulties, share encouragement, and give you tips that come from their own experiences. Sometimes, just sharing that you’ve had a hard day and having someone respond, “I understand completely” can help you feel better.
As for friends and family, be honest with them—let them know how you may need extra help. Tell your kids you need them to play quietly while you nap or tell your spouse that he or she is in charge of dinner. Remember that your loved ones want to support you, they just may not know how.
Stretch of the Month
Forward Fold Stretch
- Start by standing with your feet shoulder-width apart and slowly bend forward from the waist. Keep your legs as straight as possible and don’t bounce.
- Don’t worry if you can’t reach the floor; you can even reach for a chair cushion to start if that’s what your flexibility allows.
- Hold the stretch for 20 to 30 seconds three times.
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Unraveling the diversity, phylogeny, and ecological role of cryptic Coleopteran species of Vadodara district: a first comparative approach from India
The Journal of Basic and Applied Zoology volume 79, Article number: 53 (2018)
More than 350 K described species, Coleoptera (beetles) represent the most diverse order from Class Insecta in the entire animal kingdom. However, their phylogeny is highly controversial due to their morphological crypticness and multiple markers used previously for sequence homology. Although many studies suggest that their diversity currently relies majorly on morphological analysis, nevertheless DNA barcodes may provide a functional, standardized tool for their unique identification. In the present report, a fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) gene has been proposed as standard DNA barcoding marker for the identification of organisms.
To evaluate this hypothesis, a random sampling was conducted in and around Vadodara, Gujarat, where 2690 individual of 65 species belonging to 16 families were reported from different sites, and diversity indices were employed to unravel the species composition of that habitat. Further, 12 beetles from dominant families were selected for sequence analysis using various bioinformatics tools and were compared with the rest of the beetles to obtain a more robust phylogeny which is not reported earlier in previous studies.
Hence, the present study suggests that Scarabaeidae tends to be more diverse in and nearby of Vadodara compared to all other families of Coleoptera and while in contrast Chrysomelidae showed maximum diversity of pest species. DNA barcoding and nucleotide analysis resolves the phylogeny of controversial taxa; (Adephaga(Gyrinidae+ (Dytiscidae++ Carabidae)) (Polyphaga(Histeridae+Buprestidae+Lampyridae+Elateridae+(Scarabaeidae+(Coccinelidae+ Apionidae+Curculionidae+ (Meloidae+Tenebrionidae+(Cerambycidae+Chrysomelidae)))))).
Insects comprise the most diverse and successful group of multicellular organisms on the planet, and they contribute significantly to vital ecological functions such as pollination, pest control, decomposition, and maintenance of wildlife species (Losey and Vaughan, 2006). The composition of this group reflects the dynamicity of the ecosystem (Fagundes et al. 2011) and is fundamental in the investigating of the landscape structure. An approximation of 350,000 species of beetles that is identified which comprise about 40% of all insects and 30% of all animals out of which 15,088 are reported from India (Choate, 2001; Kazmi and Ramamurthy, 2004). Beetles comprise of 25% of all described species (Hunt et al. 2007).
The Coleoptera can be found in nearly all natural habitats, that is, vegetative foliage, from trees and their bark to flowers, leaves, and underground near roots, even inside plant tissue like galls, tissue, including dead or decaying ones (Gullan and Cranston, 2010). About three fourth of beetle species are phytophagous in both the larval and adult stages, living in or on plants, wood, fungi, and a variety of stored products, including cereals, tobacco, and dried fruits (Gillott, 2005). Many of the beetles are considered as pest (Banerjee, 2014); they are also beneficial, acting as predators by controlling the populations of pests (Davis et al. 2001; Shearin et al. 2007; Brown et al. 2010). Some are bio-control agents for, e.g., dung beetles have been successfully used to reduce the populations of certain pestilent flies and parasitic worms that breed in cattle dung (Brown et al. 2010; Kakkar and Gupta, 2010), and they also prompt a series of ecosystem functions ranging from secondary seed dispersal to nutrient cycling and parasite suppression (Nichols et al. 2009), forest disruptions (Davis et al. 2001) and shaping the landscape structure. (Büchs, 2003).
Routine identification based on morphological characters are sometimes difficult and time-consuming if the specimen is damaged or is an immature stage of development, even specialist may be unable to make identification. However, barcoding solves these problems and serves a dual purpose as a new tool in the taxonomists’ toolbox supplementing their traditional knowledge as well as being an innovative device. (Valentini et al. 2008). The DNA barcoding are of high value which helps in obtaining more detailed analysis of the species, broadening our understanding of both phylogenetic signal and population-level variation. (Hajibabaei et al. 2007). In this context, the use of DNA sequences represents a promising and effective tool for fast and accurate species identification. Further, DNA barcoding shares an emphasis on large-scale genetic data acquisition that offers new answers to questions previously beyond the reach of traditional disciplines. It consists of a standardized short sequence of DNA that can be easily generated and characterized for all species on the planet (Koch, 2010).
Globally, Coleoptera is the largest order among insects in terms of described species diversity (Foottit and Adler, 2009). Despite “the Creator’s inordinate fondness for beetles” (Puspitasari, 2016), Coleoptera has not been favored to date by barcodes. For example, using the public data portal available through BOLD v.4, there were only 23,000 public barcode records for beetles forming 32,758 BIN’S from 159 countries. By comparison, the others of the top four most diverse insect orders are represented by approximately 2.5-fold (Hymen
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metronidazol ve klindamisin. Bunlar ağız yoluyla alınabilirler veya tablet, krem veya jel şeklinde vajinaya yerleştirilebilirler.
Trichomonas vajiniti nasıl geçer?
Trikomonas Vajiniti Nasıl Bulaşır? Trichomonas vaginalis paraziti cinsel ilişki sırasında enfekte bir bireyle genital temas olması durumunda sağlıklı bireye geçer. Enfekte olan ancak semptom göstermeyen insanlar da partnerlerine trikomonas vajiniti bulaştırabilir.
Bakteriyel vajinozis ile uyumlu flora değişikliği ne demek?
Bakteriyel vajinozis her kadında görülebilir, vajinit yani vajinal enfeksiyon diğer adıyla bakteriyel vajinozis, vajenin normal florasının değişerek kötü bakteri hakimiyetine dönüşmesi ile oluşur. Yani vajende bulunan ‘iyi’ ve ‘kötü’ bakterilerin dengesinin kötüler tarafına değişmesi ile oluşur.
Gardnerella bulaşıcı midir?
Bakteriyel vajinoz: Etken Gardnerella vajinalis adlı bakteridir. Cinsel ilişki ile insandan insana bulaşmaz.
Bakteriyel vajinozis ilaç tedavisi nedir?
Bakteriyel Vaginozis Tedavisi Bu enfeksiyonların tedavisinde ağızdan ve vajinal yoldan (özellikle metronidazole, ornidazol, klindamisin grubu) antibakteriyel ilaçlar kullanılmaktadır. Eş tedavisi sadece tedavi sonrası tekrarlayan dirençli vakalarda önerilmektedir.
Vajinit tedavi edilmezse ne olur?
Vajinit Tedavi Edilmezse Ne Olur? Vajinit tedavi edilmediğinde pelvik inflamatuar hastalığı (PIH) ve erken doğum gibi beklenmedik sağlık problemlerine yol açabilir.
Vajinit ilerlerse ne olur?
Vajinit Tedavi Akıntı sebebi enfeksiyon nedenliyse ve tedavi edilmezse rahim, yurmurtalık ve tüplere yayılabilir ve bu durum ileride kısırlığa yol açabilir. Akıntı rahim ağzındaki kötü huylu bir lezyondan kaynaklı ise ileride rahim ağzı kanserine neden olabilir.
Beyaz Akıntı için hangi ilaç kullanılır?
Mantar enfeksiyonları: Vajinadan gelen kokusuz, peynirimsi veya süt beyaz akıntılar mantar enfeksiyonu ile ilişkilidir. Hastalarda yanma ve kaşıntı şikayetleri vardır. Tedavide Tetrakonazol veya Mikonazol kullanılır.
Trichomonas ne iyi gelir?
Bakteri kaynaklı bir enfeksiyon olduğu için antibiyotik tedavisi ile 5-7 gün içerisinde tedavi edilebilir. Trikomonas enfeksiyonunun tedavisinde tinidazol veya metronidazol gibi antibiyotik ilaçlar kullanılır. Doktor gerek görür ise oral yolla alınan ilaca ek olarak vajinal fitil ya da krem verebilir.
Trichomonas nasıl anlaşılır?
Trikomonas belirtileri şu şekildedir: Kadınlarda köpüklü, kötü kokulu akıntı, kaşıntı ve idrar yaparken yanma görülür. Erkeklerin çoğunda herhangi bir şikayet olmaz, zaman zaman penis ucunda iritasyon yapabilir.
Trichomonas kaç günde belli olur?
Hastalığın belirtileri genellikle etkenle karşılaştıktan 4-20 gün sonra ortaya çıkar. Kadınlardaki belirtiler Bol miktarda, yeşilimsi sarı, köpüklü, kötü kokulu, bazen kanlı akıntı. Dış cinsel organlarda tahriş ve duyarlılık, kaşıntı, deride iltihap. Cinsel ilişki sırasında ağrı.
Bakteriyel vajinozis erkeklere Bulaşir mı?
Bakteriyel vajinozis diğer insanlara bulaşır mı? Bakteriyel vajinozis genellikle bulaşıcı bir hastalık olarak bilinmez ancak kişiler arasında bulaşılabilirliği tam olarak anlaşılmamıştır. Ancak kadının birden çok kişiyle cinsel ilişki yaşaması bu hastalığı tetikleyen en önemli etkenler arasında yer almaktadır.
Vajinozis neden olur?
Bakteriyel vaginozis, kötü kokulu akıntı nedeni olan vajinal bir enfeksiyondur. Normalde olandan daha fazla veya kötü kokan akıntıya neden olur. Vajenin doğal elemanı olan bazı bakterilerin aşırı çoğalmasından kaynaklanır.
Vajinal flora neden bozulur?
Sık Cinsel ilişki. Sık antibiyotik kullanımı Stres. Vajinanın ilişki sonrası yıkanması, uygulanan vajinal duş, sprey, pudra ve sabun, renkli tuvalet kağıdı gibi, kimyasallar içeren maddeler.Children who are diagnosed as deaf and blind, or who have significant hearing and visual impairment, most often have parents who have grown up never knowing individuals in their community who face the same challenges as their son or daughter. It would be helpful for the whole family to meet adults who are living with similar challenges, and to hear their own stories about growing up in a hearing and sighted world. They might warn parents that although children who have this dual diagnosis may experience the world quite differently than their mainstream peers, they are capable of great accomplishments and great mischief, unimagined by families who may initially feel overwhelmed by this dual diagnosis.
Unfortunately, early diagnosis of hearing or vision loss may be missed in babies who would benefit most from immediate intervention and support. Each child may respond differently to standard therapies and options available in their community, but outcomes are also influenced by the education, training, experience, personality and ambition of support staff, medical professionals, and family members. Every community would benefit from mentors who have grown up deaf/blind, or with diminishing hearing and sight. Professionals who work with children of various age ranges may still be ignorant of the possible achievements, goals or dreams of their students because they have never met educated or gainfully employed adults.
Children, teens and adults who have the same vision and hearing loss as one another are as different and unique from one another as their mainstream peers. Personality, talents and interests vary no matter the diagnosis a child is given by medical or educational professionals. Families are more likely to invent or find accommodations for their child by learning what is most productive for their child out of the options that are available for everyone. Advances in technology and updated tools based on simple low-tech methods of communication and experiencing the world make as big a difference today as the techniques that allowed Helen Keller to explore her enormous potential.
Successful, educated and talented adults who happen to be deaf and blind, and those who have significant hearing and visual impairment, can be found in neighborhoods throughout the country. Planning a child's education and coordinating support services with specialists and therapists without considering the perspective and experience of those who are living out active and social adult lives may affect parent expectations and reduce opportunities for the child, teen, or whole family.
Some adults with the combination of vision and hearing impairment grew up with neither, or had only one condition as a child. Some individuals have a genetic condition such as Usher Syndrome, where a child may be born deaf and experience vision loss early; one or both may develop with no relation to the other. Some children are born with serious vision impairment and develop hearing loss due to illness, accident or injury.
There are several regions in the USA where individuals who are deaf and blind have built productive, satisfying and vibrant communities with others who benefit from the same resources and accommodations. These simple and practical supports allow them to live life to the fullest; providing choices to express character flaws and idiosyncrasies along with possibly great abilities and talents; developing new interests throughout their ordinary lives.
Browse at your local bookstore, public library, art store or online retailer for books like She Touched the World: Laura Bridgman, Deaf-Blind Pioneer, Welcoming Students Who Are Deaf-Blind into Typical Classrooms: Facilitating School Participation, Learning, and Friendship; or Words in My Hands - A Teacher, a Deaf-Blind Man, an Unforgettable Journey
Lex Grandia - On the difficulties of people who are deafblind
How do Deaf-Blind People Communicate?
FAQ about DeafBlindness
deafREVIEW.com Launches in Seattle
A Role for Sign Language Interpreters: Preserving the Linguistic Human Rights of Deaf People
Is a Cochlear Implant Right for Our Son?
Disability Advocacy and Awareness
The Independent Airport Traveler
Sun Sense and Summer Fun
Childhood Hearing Problems
Hearing, Vision and Scoliosis Screening at SchoolManaging Your Health
My COVID-19 Risk: THINK TWICE
Think about yourself and all the people with whom you have close contact:
|Is everyone under age 60?|
|Is everyone healthy, without underlying medical conditions?|
Think about the public activity:
|Can you avoid crowds or close interaction with people you do not know?|
|Can you always keep 6-foot distance from others?|
|Can you always wear a mask? (And can everyone else?)|
|Is the activity outdoors?|
|YES TO ALL QUESTIONS||NO TO SOME QUESTIONS||NO TO MOST OR ALL QUESTIONS|
|NO TO MOST OR ALL QUESTIONS||
|NO TO SOME QUESTIONS||Public Activity Risk|
|YES TO ALL QUESTIONS||Lower|
|< Lower||Severe Outcome Risk||Higher >|
Continue COVID-19 precautions
Consider avoiding non-essential activities
Avoid non-essential activities
People over 60 and people with underlying medical conditions are more likely to be hospitalized or die if they are infected with COVID-19. No activity that includes interactions with other people is entirely without risk, and younger people without underlying medical conditions can also have severe outcomes from COVID-19. This is meant to serve as a guide to informpersonaldecision-making. The risk of infection increases as the number of interactions increases.
If you’re sick, you must stay home (except to get medical care) for 10 days since your symptoms first appeared and at least 24 hours with no fever and improved symptoms, whichever is longer. Stay away from others and isolate in a separate room, if possible. Always wear a face covering when you need to be around others (even at home).
If a household member is sick, all members should also stay home and quarantine for 14 days. Consider having everyone in your home wear a face covering as soon as one household member becomes sick. Check your temperature twice a day and watch for symptoms of COVID-19. Get tested 5-9 days after being in contact with the sick person.
Know How it Spreads
The virus that causes COVID-19 primarily spreads between people in close contact when an infected person coughs, sneezes or talks. You might also get the virus if you touch something with the virus on it, and then touch your mouth, nose, or eyes.
Identify Household Members Who Are at Higher Risk
People of all ages can get sick with COVID-19 and it's important for everyone to take preventative measures. However, older adults and people who have serious underlying medical conditions like heart or lung disease or diabetes are at higher risk for developing serious complications from COVID-19 illness and need to take extra precautions. If your household includes one or more vulnerable individuals then all family members should act as if they, themselves, are at higher risk.
Take Everyday Preventative Actions
- Wash your hands oftenwith soap and water for at least 20 seconds
- Avoid close contact with people who are sick
- Put 6ft of distance between yourself and people who don’t live in your household
- Wear a face covering when in public and around others
- Clean and disinfect frequently-touched surfaces daily, like doorknobs, light switches, phones, and faucets
- Monitor your health dailyand watch for symptoms of COVID-19
- Avoid large gatherings and crowded spaces
- If you’re sick, stay home except to get medical care.
Protect Children and Vulnerable Members
- Choose one or two family members who are not at a higher risk to run the essential errands.
- Teach children the same things everyone should do to stay healthy. Children and other people can spread the virus even if they don’t show symptoms.
- Vulnerable members should avoid caring for children and people who are sick. If they must care for the children in their household, the children in their care should not have contact with individuals outside the household.
Separate a Household Member Who Is Sick
- Keep people at higher risk separated from anyone who is sick.
- Have only one person in the household take care of the person who is sick.
- Provide a separate bedroom and bathroom for the person who is sick, if possible.
- If you need to share a bedroom, separate the ill person’s bed.
- If you need to share a bathroom, clean and disinfect the frequently touched surfaces in the bathroom after each use.
- Maintain 6 feet between the person who is sick and other family or household members.
- If you are sick, do not help prepare food. Also, eat separately from the family.
Learn more at Centers of Disease Control & Prevention.
Watch for COVID-19 symptoms. Even if your symptoms are mild, by law in Chicago, you must stay home, except to get medical care. Most people have mild illness and are able to recover at home. If you want to get tested, call your healthcare provider or use this map to find a testing site near you. If you have symptoms of COVID-19 and are not tested, it is important to stay home.
Use Chi COVID Coach
You should first use our Chi COVID Coach, an app developed to help you know what to do if you have COVID-19 symptoms. Once you sign up, we’ll check back with you via text message. We'll let you know what you and the other people in your household should do to limit the spread of COVID-19, help you know how long you need to stay separated from others, and give you day-by-day guidance throughout a potential isolation or quarantine period.
If you’re sick you must stay home and cannot return to school or work until it has been:
- at least 10 days since your symptoms first appeared; and,
- at least 1 day (24 hours) with no fever (without using fever-reducing medications) and improved symptoms, whichever is longer.
For example, if you have a fever and coughing for 7 days, you need to stay home 3 more days for a total of 10 days. Or, if you have a fever and coughing for 10 days, you need to stay home 1 more day with no fever for a total of 11 days.
Follow these guidelines
If you’re mildly ill and can recover at home, follow the steps below to care for yourself and to help protect other people in your home and community.
- Stay home except to get medical care
- Stay away from other people in your home
- Clean your hands often
- Cover your coughs and sneezes
- Wear a face covering if you must be around other people (even at home)
- Avoid sharing personal household items
- Clean and disinfect frequently touched surfaces daily, like doorknobs, light switches, phones, and faucets
- Monitor your symptoms
- Call ahead before visiting your doctor
Learn more at Centers of Disease Control & Prevention.
Caring for someone who is sick
If you’re living with someone who is sick or have been in close contact with a person sick with COVID-19, you need to stay home too and avoid public places for 14 days. Monitor your symptoms and do not go to work or school. If you’re caring for someone sick at home follow these guidelines from the Centers of Disease Control & Prevention.
If you’re an essential worker who has been exposed to COVID-19, you may continue to work, as long as you don’t develop any COVID-19 symptoms. Follow these CDPH recommendations for essential workers.
COVID-19 testing is easy, quick and offered at no cost in many doctor’s offices, pharmacies, and healthcare centers. If you don’t have a regular doctor or medical insurance, locate a community health center or visit any of the City of Chicago community-based testing sites.
All individuals tested for COVID-19 should remain isolated until test results are returned.
Updated as of 09/25/2020
Who should be tested
Get tested if:
- You have symptoms of COVID-19 such as fever or chills, cough, difficulty breathing, sore throat, muscle or body aches, new loss of taste or smell, congestion or runny nose, nausea or vomiting, diarrhea
- You have been in contact with someone who is ill, especially if it's someone you live with, a friend or a coworker
- You have been in a high-risk group setting like a large gathering or crowded space
- You have recently traveled to a high-risk area
When to get tested
- If you have symptoms, get tested right away. Make an appointment in advance and make sure to stay 6ft from others and wear a face mask.
- If you don’t have symptoms, get tested 5-9 days after your last contact with the sick person.
How to get tested
- Your health care provider: Residents are best served when they’re tested by their health care provider, because your health care provider is familiar with your medical history and can provide counselling that helps you understand exactly what your test result means. If you develop any symptoms or think you may have been exposed to COVID-19, call your doctor and ask if you need to be tested. Your doctor will either perform the test at their office or will refer you to a testing site.
- Community health centers: If you don’t have a health care provider or medical insurance, there are approximately 165 community health centers throughout Chicago, so find one that is close to you at hrsa.gov. No patient will be turned away because of inability to pay. Community health centers provide services regardless of patients’ immigration status and charge for services on a sliding fee scale.
- City of Chicago testing sites: You can visit one of the City’s community-based testing sites. All tests at the City testing sites are offered at no cost to all people regardless of citizenship or insurance status. To pre-register and schedule an appointment please go to: ChicagoCovidTesting.com
- Testing Map: Use the City of Chicago’s interactive testing map to find a testing site near you. The map is updated frequently as locations are continuously added. Please note different testing sites might have different requirements. We recommend calling in advance or checking online first. For additional information, see the Illinois Department of Public Health list of testing sites.RA SESSIONI 85 86 87 88
85.0 Ra: io sono Ra. Comunichiamo adesso.
85.1 Interrogante: potresti prima indicarmi le condizioni dello strumento?
Ra: Io sono Ra. Chiediamo il tuo permesso per una prefazione a questa risposta includendo il saluto che usiamo.
85.2 Interrogante: è auspicabile.
Ra: Io sono Ra. Vi salutiamo nell’amore e nella luce dell
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olduğunda emzirmeyi bırakacaktır.
Bebekler annelerini emzirmekle ilişkilendirir, ancak bakıcılarla aynı ilişkiye sahip değildir.
Daha büyük bebeklerle, emzirmeye sınırlar koyarak başlayabilirsiniz . Örneğin, “Eve gidince emzireceğiz ama alışveriş merkezinde değil” diyebilirsiniz. Ayrıca , istediğiniz zaman emzirme yerine talep üzerine emzirme de kullanabilirsiniz.
Hoşgeldin, Ziyaretçi
Forumda Ara
Forum İstatistikleri
Kimler Çevrimiçi
» 28 ZiyaretçiHow it works
MatchMySound is an application that utilizes sound recognition technologies to compare two audio files – a pre-recorded reference track provided by the teacher or publisher and the one recorded by a learner. Our algorithm detects the differences between the audio files every 1/43rd of a second. It focuses on two main dimensions: sound and timing. The former includes the differences in sound qualities such as pitch, intonation, and articulation, while the latter provides the same for the timing correctness. The feedback is presented as both numerical scores and graphic displays that provide a finer level of detail. When creating an assessment, the teacher can specify goals for the scores. When students do not reach the goal, they are advised to try again. In addition to utilizing actual audio recordings, the system can also work with synthesized audio (MIDI).
While recording, the student only sees the progress bar which aligns to where they are within the piece or exercise. The primary function is to confirm that the computer is listening. Feedback is displayed only after the system determines that the student has finished playing. This feedback model is called the Knowledge of Results (evaluative feedback from an external source) in research. It also emulates the classical teaching practices in music education, where teachers usually let the student finish playing before giving their comments and suggestions. In MatchMySound’s case, not providing real-time feedback is a conscious and deliberate design choice to avoid problems, such as disrupting the eye movement of the learner.
One of the main design considerations was to avoid giving binary judgments of correct or incorrect, instead favoring a more continuous approach that stresses musicality. Music education is historically based around apprenticeships where students learn to imitate their teachers before developing their own style. This tool follows the same tradition by trying to match what the student is playing to what the teacher played or the author published, going beyond mere pitches and rhythms to enter the area of expressive qualities of a musical performance. As such, it just reports the musical differences between the two recordings.
Another design consideration for the system was that it worked for as many musical instruments as possible. Considering the range of musical instruments tested, we believe it will work with all pitched instruments, including the most popular polyphonic instruments such as guitar and piano.
The robust nature of the audio matching algorithm makes it possible to use the technology in many educational settings. The main functionality can be displayed on any web page in an iFrame and connected to other learning apps through LTI. Its potential applications include interactive music games. As a proof of concept, we have incorporated one of them, Note Ahoy!, into our teacher tool.
Research papers. Käo, K., Niitsoo, M. MatchMySound: Introducing Feedback to Online Music Education. In Y. Cao, T. Väljataga, J. Tang, H. Leung, & M. Laanpere (Eds.), New Horizons in Web Based Learning ICWL 2014 (pp. 217-225). New York: Springer-Verlag.
Käo, K., Niitsoo, M. Optimizing the interaction between a self-learning guitar student and a sound recognition based educational game. CFMAE: The Changing Face of Music and Art Education Interdisciplinary Journal for Music and Art Pedagogy寒武纪的经验丰富的教师将训练你安全有效地处理这个快节奏，往往是非常激烈的行业，这也是非常有意义的严峻考验。
课程注重基础护理病人，而在高敏度病变，生物科学，人文科学和EMS服务配套科目。临床实践中，带班计划的同时，强调了紧急护理程序。您将学习如何防止或减少在护理病人的院前阶段在照顾生病和受伤的并发症。除了提供紧急医疗服务，你将被训练识别和纠正潜在的健康和安全隐患。
你将有临床实习的旋转在地区医院及市内和外的镇救护车服务。你必须做好准备，以覆盖临床和preceptorship市内和外的小镇所发生的成本。您必须通过之前preceptorship省级医疗方向教育上的认证。你将被要求支付这笔费用。
什么在它为您？
职业成果*
- 医务人员在安大略救护服务，在加拿大其他省份，或者国际
平均工资*
在这些事业的成果，在加拿大的工资范围包括：
$ 26,000 $ 57,500
认证资格
- 寒武纪的程序认可资格被认可加拿大荣幸。
认证通过医务卫生部，紧急医疗服务处，安大略
丰富的实践在生病和受伤的病人，通过模拟演练的安全运输和临床实习在医院或救护车服务培训。
规划未来
程序启动
下跌2020
学习选择
- 全职Lightning Surge Transmission ModesJanuary 14th Fact-of-the-Day
Most homes have three incoming power lines. One is grounded (usually at both ends). It connects to the center-tap of a secondary winding in a power transformer located on a nearby power pole in aerial transmission systems or inside a nearby ground-level cabinet in underground transmission systems. The other two lines connect to opposite ends of the secondary. Lightning may strike lines connected to either side of the primary, or both, to a line connected to either side of the secondary, or both, to the secondary ground line, the ground and either side, or any other combination. As a result, lighting surges may arrive in transmission mode, common-mode, on the ground line, or in any combination. The best protection against ground-line surges is a good home-side ground. Some surge protectors do not protect against all the other possibilities. Look for protectors designated both L-L (line-to-line) and L-G (line-to-ground). ©2005 Martek International All rights reserved.
Search other ham radio sites with Ham Radio SearchAnxiety and depression are two of the most underdiagnosed psychological problems associated with low testosterone. The male sex hormone affects several neurotransmitters in the brain which control mood, emotions, and cognition.
Therefore, problems with hormones are often the underprint for psychological symptoms such as depression, anxiety, irritability, and mood swings.
Men with low T also complain of fatigue, difficulties concentrating, and brain fog, which further worsens their productivity and quality of life.
If you are experiencing any form of emotional distress, please contact SAMHSA’s National Helpline or National Suicide Prevention Lifeline and you can receive free and confidential support.
How does low T affect mental health?
Low testosterone (hypogonadism) can have a negative effect on the chemical processes in the brain. Those processes are mediated by neurotransmitters such as serotonin, dopamine, and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA).
They work by triggering specific receptors in your brain which can affect your mood, emotions, and cognitive abilities.
Serotonin mediates satisfaction and happiness, and in the case of depression, increasing its levels may alleviate the symptoms. Therefore it is a common target for anxiolytic and antidepressant medications.
Hormones such as testosterone also appear to affect its levels. A trial with 41 men reveals that higher T levels correlate with higher serotoninergic tonus in the brain.
Thus, men with low T may have reduced serotonin activity, which leads to depressive symptoms
Furthermore, testosterone stimulates dopamine production in the brain. Dopamine is another mediator with a role in psychological diseases. Low T may reduce the levels of dopamine which leads to a lack of motivation and interest as well as depressive mood.
GABA is an inhibitory neurotransmitter that induces a calming, relaxing effect on the nervous system.
Also, testosterone has a positive effect on the sensitivity of its receptors and thus, hypogonadism may increase the risk for anxiety symptoms. The neuroendocrine changes in hypogonadism can also cause mood swings and cognitive problems.
Other common symptoms in men with hypogonadism include chronic fatigue, difficulties concentrating, erectile dysfunction, and lack of sexual desire. In fact, fatigue is the most common symptom of low T.
Low T in women may also cause fatigue, mood swings, and low libido. The condition usually occurs during menopause. However, evidence is inconclusive whether or not low T in females can cause depression.
Can low testosterone cause anxiety?
Evidence confirms that low T is linked to anxiety. A study compared self-reported anxiety levels in 39 hypogonadal men and 40 healthy participants and revealed that the patients with low T had significantly higher anxiety scores.
Furthermore, their symptoms improved dramatically after 6 months of testosterone therapy. Apart from hypogonadism, other causes of anxiety disorders may include:
- psychological trauma
- drug and alcohol abuse or withdrawal
- irritable bowel syndrome
- hormone-producing tumors
Unfortunately, the symptoms of low T and anxiety disorders may overlap which makes differential diagnosis quite difficult. For example, anxiety may also be a contributor to erectile dysfunction, ED is common amongst men with this psychological condition.
Can low testosterone cause depression?
The evidence so far confirms that the underprint for a significant percentage of depression amongst men may be low T levels. Older individuals may be more susceptible compared to younger men due to the gradual decline of testosterone, as well as other social and age-related factors.
Furthermore, atypical depression is the most common form of the condition seen amongst men with low T. Other common causes of depression include:
- psychological trauma
- age-related crisis
- drug and alcohol abuse or withdrawal
- serious illnesses
How can anxiety and depression cause low T
Depression and anxiety can cause hypogonadism-like symptoms such as erectile dysfunction, low libido, chronic fatigue, mood swings, sleep problems, etc.
In some cases, intense stress related to depression or anxiety may even lead to body and facial hair loss or aggressive behavior. The few distinctive symptoms of low T in men include anemia, muscle loss, and infertility.
When it comes to diagnosis it can be extremely challenging to differentiate between clinical depression and the symptoms of low T in men.
If you suffer from any psychological complaints, make sure to visit a medical doctor who can evaluate your symptoms. Your doctor will start by performing a physical exam and running blood tests to measure your serum T levels.
The test must be performed during the morning when natural testosterone production is naturally higher. If two separate tests confirm that your total T levels are under 300ng/ml, then your symptoms are likely due to hypogonadism.
Currently, the most effective treatment to improve the symptoms of low T in men is testosterone replacement therapy (TRT).
How TRT can help with depression and anxiety
If you have depression or anxiety, your doctor will prescribe you medications such as antidepressants and anxiolytics which can ease your symptoms.
Depending on the exact drug class, these therapeutics may also affect your testosterone levels. However, the evidence so far is conflicting on whether the majority of antidepressants increase or decrease T levels.
If your depression is hormone-related, then testosterone treatment can also effectively alleviate your symptoms – either alone or in combination with antidepressants.
For example, a recent meta-analysis of all randomized trials published so far reveals that testosterone treatment alone can significantly improve psychological symptoms in hypogonadal men. The treatment was more effective with higher doses of testosterone.
Therefore, using testosterone injections may be a preferred method in terms of dosage and reliability. If injections are contraindicated, then using transdermal forms of TRT may be equally successful.
Can you take testosterone and antidepressants at the same time?
If monotherapy is ineffective, antidepressants and anxiolytics can be safely taken together with testosterone. In fact, TRT may augment the effectiveness of the standard medications in cases of treatment-resistant depression.
Usually, you will notice the first benefits of TRT on depressive symptoms and anxiety after 3-6 weeks. Studies reveal that effects reach a maximum after 4-8 months.
Unfortunately, testosterone treatment may not be as effective in treating depression in menopausal women. Females treated with testosterone fail to show improvement in psychological symptoms. Furthermore, testosterone is currently not approved for use in women.
Get a free consultation with our medical expert for any questions about hormone replacement therapy伙伴关系:成功的基本要素
Lezlee Westine
President & CEO, Personal Care Products Council
每个新年都是审视我们的优先事项和关注最重要的事情的机会. 随着我们的国家继续应对2020年以来的诸多挑战, 以全新的活力和使命感，PCPC在2021年准备就绪.
随着我们的国家开始从1月6日的悲惨事件中恢复过来，在新政府和新国会的领导下，我们将重点放在团结上, PCPC和我们的成员公司坚定不移地致力于两党合作，使我们的成员公司能够并增强为无数美国家庭提供安全和创新产品的能力.
伙伴关系是解决我们面临的一些最大挑战的关键. 从我在政府和私营部门的工作经验来看, 我知道我们可以通过共同努力完成看似不可能的事情. 当人们朝着一个共同的目标努力时，我看到了令人难以置信的成就.
合作精神激励PCPC与浩博体育app网站制定者合作, 监管机构和非政府组织在2020年应对COVID-19大流行. We engaged the U.S. 美国食品和药物管理局(FDA)和国会发布临时指导，允许非传统制造商解决洗手液的严重短缺问题. 我们的成员迅速改造了生产线，增加了产量，以提供这些基本产品. 各公司向医院捐赠了2000多万套洗手液, community clinics, medical and emergency professionals, first responders, 并提供给零售客户.
在过去的一年里，这个国家还努力解决了系统性种族主义问题，并呼吁平等和社会正义. As an industry, 我们打算成为变革的积极推动者和一股追求美好的力量，致力于建立既真实又有意义的伙伴关系. 我们不知道所有的答案，也知道在解决多样性问题上还有很多工作要做. 在2020年与许多不同的组织合作, 政改会支持反歧视立法, 包括CROWN(为自然头发创造一个尊重和开放的世界)法案, which passed the House in September. 《浩博体育app》于2020年在7个州成为法律，今年有20多个州正在等待通过, 防止基于特征的歧视，例如发质和文化风格, 尤其是在黑人社区中常见的那些——特别是认识到黑人受到不同程度的影响，并因外表而被排除在某些工作场所之外. 7个州已经通过了类似的立法. Looking ahead, PCPC致力于采取持续的行动来审查和解决多样性问题, equity and inclusion (DE&I), 无论是在我们的组织内部还是在整个行业中, 并与其他致力于同一目标的人合作.
PCPC与Cruelty Free International的合作是又一次成功的合作, 最终在州动物实验立法上达成妥协, now pending in several states. At the federal level, 我们与美国人道协会(HSUS)密切合作，推出了《浩博体育app网站》, 哪个国家会禁止在美国进行化妆品动物实验.S. 我们将继续与卫生和社会服务部和我们的国会伙伴合作，在2010年通过这项立法th Congress.
合作的力量也体现在我们与美国皮肤外科学会(ASDSA)的合作中, American Academy of Dermatology (AAD), and more than 60 other health, 教育和家长团体支持立法，明确允许在学校使用防晒霜. To date, 26 states and Washington, D.C., have passed the “SUNucate” model.
伙伴关系是我们行业持续成功的关键, 我们将继续致力于在未来一年深化和扩大这些合作. 正如拜登总统所指出的:“共同生活，共同努力. That’s how I see America. 这就是我对总统职位的看法，也是我对未来的看法.” This year, PCPC再次致力于大胆地向前推进——面对未来的挑战，同时确保我们的会员公司能够继续为无数美国家庭提供他们信任和每天享受的化妆品和个人护理产品.تالاهاسی — Gov. ران DeSantis می خواهد مردم را به بیرون بروید و ورزش در حالی که نگه داشتن فاصله خود را از هر یک از دیگر به عنوان بخشی از تلاش ها برای به آرامی بازگشایی دولت است.
DeSantis که نگاه کنید به توصیه هایی از یک نیروی کار در بازگشایی کسب و کار مدارس و امکانات تعطیل توسط رمان کروناویروس گفت: خطر انتقال است “خیلی بیشتر” حداقل برای افرادی که خارج از منزل و در گروه های بزرگ.
“من فکر می کنم که قادر به گرفتن مردم در آفتاب و قادر به گرفتن برخی از هوای تازه من همیشه ترویج فعالیت های ضروری با تفریح و سرگرمی” DeSantis گفت: در حالی که در فورت لادردیل در افتتاح یک coronavirus تست سایت. “شما فقط آن را در راه است که رفتن به کم خطر است. اگر شما به اجرا در محله خود را توسط خودتان اگر شما در حال آمدن به تماس با هر کسی که آن را بسیار کم خطر است.”
پیش از آن در هفته DeSantis ابراز نگرانی در مورد عدم فعالیت فیزیکی مردم در stay-at-home سفارشات.
DeSantis بود که انتظار می رود به نام اعضای کارگروه جمعه گفت: در جنوب شرقی فلوریدا ممکن است کندتر احیای بیش از سایر نقاط کشور به عنوان بزرگترین غلظت از coronavirus موارد شده اند در میامی-Dade, Broward و پالم بیچ شهرستان. نظرات خود را به عنوان Duval County باز سواحل با محدودیت های جمعه.
این نیروی کار است که انتظار می رود به دنبال مشابه تلاش در کاخ سفید که در آن رئیس جمهور دونالد مغلوب ساختن پیشی جستن صادر سه فاز بازگشایی طرح در روز پنج شنبه.
DeSantis که چپ قوانین برای سواحل تا به دولت های محلی انتظار فلوریدا به استفاده از مغلوب ساختن پیشی جستن طرح به عنوان یک “پایه.”
“این به آن معنا نیست که فلوریدا در حال رفتن به انجام هر چیزی که آنها می گویند و یا نمی گویند” DeSantis گفت. “اما آن است که خیلی خوب در پایه. شما نگاه کنید در همه چیز متفاوت است. چه نیروی کار نگاه مانند? برخی از این کسب و کار به مردم اجازه بازگشت به کار. من فکر می کنم که این چیزی است که بسیار مهم است.”
مغلوب ساختن پیشی جستن راهنمای مرحله به مرحله بازگشایی ترک بسیاری از تصمیم گیری به فرمانداران.
فاز یک را اجازه می دهد تا رستوران و سینما و سالن های ورزشی ، سالن های ورزشی و اماکن عبادت به کار با فاصله فیزیکی در محل. اعمال جراحی الکتیو نیز مجاز است.
فاز دوم به دنبال بازگشایی
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tmā can either lead you to the conclusion that ātmā is yet to be experienced or that you should look into your qualifications. Since mokṣa is in the form of knowledge, there are definitely requirements for it. Fulfilling those requirements is the nature of the effort that is made here.
The emphasis is on purity of mind, antaḥkaraṇa-śuddhi, which is accomplished by a life of karma yoga and the cultivation of values. The most important thing here is inquiry. All false values and improper attitudes are due to a lack of understanding of certain relative truths. It is, therefore, important to continue to listen to the śāstra while living a life of karma yoga.
'Bhagavad Gita Home Study Course' Ch.15 v.11 Swami Dayananda
© Copyright 2021 Arsha VidyaMichael J. Fox, sinema endüstrisindeki yerini sağlamlaştıran bir isim olarak kabul ediliyor. Ancak, bu başarı, Fox’un sadece kariyeriyle değil, aynı zamanda kişisel yaşamındaki zorluklarla da anlam kazanıyor. Belgesel, Fox’un sadece perde önündeki performanslarını değil, aynı zamanda perdenin arkasındaki gerçekleri de izleyicilere sunuyor. Parkinson hastalığıyla mücadelesi, Fox’un ne kadar güçlü ve azimli bir ruha sahip olduğunu gösteriyor. Ancak, belgesel sadece Fox’un hastalıkla mücadelesine değil, aynı zamanda ailesi ve dostlarıyla olan ilişkilerine de odaklanıyor.What is a physical therapist?
Physical therapy focuses on the evaluation, management, and prevention of disorders of human motion.
Physical therapists (PTs) are important members of the rehabilitation (rehab) team. They evaluate and provide treatment for persons with health problems and disabilities caused by injury, disease, overuse of muscles or tendons, pain, or loss of a body part.
PTs focus on restoring a person's movement (mobility) and function. They also help prevent further disability.
PTs may provide treatment and education for:
Balance and gait retraining
Heat and cold therapy and massage
Activities of daily living (ADLs)
Casting and splinting
Wheelchair, walkers, canes, and crutches
Use of braces and splints (orthotics) and prosthetics artificial limbs (prosthetics)
PTs work in many settings, including:
PTs have either a master's degree or a doctorate from a school accredited by the American Physical Therapy Association. To practice, all graduates must be licensed by their state by passing a national certification exam.MENU
【疫情期间物流派送安排】
这套套头衫采用了令人印象深刻的Lynx材料。结合点和字母的特征图案以不平坦的链节编织，而经过皱折的精致织物在正面用棉针织，在背面用聚酯针织。短款羊毛衫具有平衡的短长度和宽大的身材，无论底部如何，均可用于多种造型。
模特身高：175cm
52％羊毛48％棉
日本制造
商品根据以下方式采用本公司测量手法测量。请仔细参考尺码数据，进行挑选。
所有尺寸均使用本公司测量手法测量。请仔细参考尺码数据，进行挑选。
© 2019 THE SHOP YOHJI YAMAMOTOThis article focuses on the lifestyle of numerous early Hunter-Gatherer skeletons recovered from the Lagoa Santa region in central Brazil, and discusses how old they are, how they got there, and what the habits of these groups were. Overall, the good preservation of these skeletons in the Lagoa Santa rock shelter provides insight into their way of life.
The Lagoa Santa skeletons represent some of the oldest skeletons known in the Americas, as confirmed by many excavations and analyses of the archaeological material since the 1960s. The most recent work in the region, starting in 2000, confirmed that the region was occupied between 11,000-7,000 years before present, and the local groups seem to have coexisted peacefully with extinct megafauna for at least the first half of this period.
How these groups are tied to the initial occupation of the Americas is still highly debated. The Lagoa Santa individuals, know as Paleoamericans, are distinct from modern Native Americans when we look at their skull shape, which raises the question on how this variation occurred – whether these differences originated before or after the initial migration(s) to the Americas. Based on the analysis of cranial data of several archaeological collections from South America, the authors suggest that the differences observed are actually too large to have originated after the settlement of the Americas and therefore they support the idea that the differences reflect a population split that occurred in Asia before any migration into the New World.
The lifestyle seen in Lagoa Santa is also different from what is seen among other Hunter-Gatherer populations on the planet. While they show a typical reliance on small to medium sized animals, they seem to have relied more intensely on plants than traditional Hunter-Gatherers, as shown by their oral health problems. Moreover, their skeletal features suggest they were less mobile than traditional Hunter-Gatherers. As such, it is safe to say that this particular population was unlike the rest of prehistoric Native Americans, but only time will tell how unique they really were.
Based on previous genome research, all central/south American’s stemmed from a single homogenous population – with Anzick-1 (one of the few skeletons known that is associated to the Clovis-culture) being their common ancestor. Yet, as new DNA is recovered from prehistoric remains, this does not seem to be the case. This new article presents ancient DNA data recovered from 49 individuals from different corners of South America and from different ages. The analysis of this new data shows that there was at least four genetic dispersion waves that gave rise to the current genetic diversity found among Central and South Native Americans.
This research also shed some light on exactly how much ancestral DNA could be found in present day people. Individuals who lived prior to 6000 years ago showed significantly more ancestral DNA (similar to Anzick-1) than those who lived after that time.Could this be due to a replacement event that occurred around that time and erased the early genetic signal? Could it be something else? Time will tell. Until more data is collected, we will not be able to solve the puzzle of when these events really happened or which Native American groups were involved.
In this technical note by Cheverko and Hubbe explores the impact different statistical tests have on determining patterns and trends of osteoarthritis in past populations. This study aims to contribute to the analysis of any type of osteological marker based collected as present or absent. They compares the results of Chi-Square, the Fisher’s Exact, Odds Ratio tests, and ANCOVAs. The study included individuals from seven archaeological sites and examined the prevalence of osteoarthritis in the hip, knee, shoulder, and elbow. The comparison between tests shows that for larger sample sizes all tests provide similar accuracy, with the ANCOVA presenting the important advantage of being able to correct for the effect of age in the osteological markers. Therefore, even though binary data violates some of the assumptions behind ANCOVAs, this Cheverko and Hubbe argue this test should be used more often in bioarchaeological studies.
To celebrate another great year of academic endeavors, we would like to acknowledge all the paper and poster presented at 87th Meetings of the American Association of Physical Anthropologists in Austin, TX. Thank you all so much for your efforts! We are looking forward to what you are bringing to the table in the future!!!
- Leigh Oldershaw, Mark Hubbe and Christina Torres-Rouff – “Tiwanaku affiliation and quality of life in Middle Horizon San Pedro de Atacama, Chile”
- Brianne Herrera and Mark Hubbe – “Correspondence Between Cranial Morphological Regions and mtDNA in Western South America”
- Melissa Clark and Debbie Guatelli-Steinberg – “A Third Molar from Rathfarnham, Dublin, and the Patterning Cascade Model”
- Devon Reich and Melissa Clark – “Planting Perthes: Agriculture and Mechanical Loading in a Pre-Contact Female”
- Skyler Jackim – “Bearing the Burden: Trauma During Agricultural Intensification in Pre-Contact Ohio”
- Julianne Stamer, Kathryn Marklein and Mark Hubbe – “The Influence of Biology and Culture on Sexual Dimorphism in Carious Lesions in Pre-History”
- Julie Anna Margolis and Kendra Ann Sirak – “The Impact of Tetracycline Presence on Endogenous DNA Yield in the Kulubnarti Nubians”
- Mackie O’Hara et al. – “Accurately reconstructing crown heights of anterior teeth using micro-computed tomographic scans of fossil teeth”
- Emma Lagan, Daniel E. Ehrlich and Sean M. Pesce – “Dentine Without Borders: An improved dental macrowear scoring method with cross- cultural application”
- Mark Hubbe and Colleen Cheverko – “Extending the ‘Adaptive Landscape’ Metaphor to Bioarchaeological Theory and Practice”
- Colleen Cheverko – “Growth, Childhood Stress, and Mortality Risk During the Late Period in Central California”
Check out the abstracts for the meetings in the official AAPA program here: http://physanth.org/documents/131/2018_AAPA_Abstract_Book_-_R3.pdf
The prehistoric shellmounds of Brazil, locally known as “Sambaquis”, are among the most studied archaeological sites in the country. They represent a continuous human occuipation of the coast by Fisher-Hunter-Gatherer populations from 8000 to 1200 years ago. In 2002, they were included in a comparative study and found to be among the healthiest prehistoric populations in the Americas. However, the individuals used in that initial study were missing their complete skeleton, calling for a comparative study to determine if these groups really led healthier lives than most. In our recent article (download it here) we analyzed 18 complete skeletons from the small shellmound Porto do Rio Vermelho 02 and examined several skeletal markers of health and life-style, to test wheter shellmound builder really were healthier than other prehistoric American populations. Our results show clearly that this population did not seem to be as healthy as we once thought, contradiction the previous depiction of these Brazilian groups.What should I do during a flood?
Below are the things you should do during a flood.
A flood is forecast
- Check for severe weather warnings and flood warnings by checking relevant websites such as the Environment Agency and the Met Office and listening to the radio and TV.
- Phone Floodline on 0345 988 11 88 for river flooding information.
- Protect what you can by moving pets, vehicles, valuables, sentimental items and important documents to safety / higher ground.
- Prepare food you can eat without cooking, clean bottled water and warm clothes.
- Charge your mobile phone and any portable chargers.
Page updated: 04/12/2020Outbreak of dengue fever in Thailand
Residents and tourists alike need to stay vigilant during the rainy season from the threat of Dengue Fever. Wherever there are pools of standing water there will be mosquitoes, the most prevalent of Dengue Fever is in Chiang Mai because it lays low and flat therefore the water doesn't travel anywhere and gets trapped in the city. Tourists like to go backpacking in the mountains and bring back Dengue Fever from the jungles. Then they go to sleep in their hotel rooms, get bitten by mosquito's the mosquito then goes and bites another guest and before you know it the entire hotel and guests have contracted Dengue Fever.
Most mosquito diseases are typically located in the tropics around the equator and can be a real nuisance. Only the female mosquito bites, the male doesn't. They say that if you have lived in Thailand for the past 20 years or so then you have about a 1 in 100 chances of having contracted Dengue Fever, this statistic is probably higher if you live in Phuket or Chiang Mai.
Symptoms, Causes, Signs that I have Dengue Fever
At first you may not know you have dengue fever, you may just think you have a bad head cold, with flu like symptoms and rashes dengue fever in some cases can turn deadly.
Dengue hemorrhagic fever is a more severe form of the illness. It can be pretty serious too and has the same symptoms including rash, fever, bad headaches and hemorrhaging inside the body. Blisters on the skin and bleeding from areas of the body. This form of dengue fever can be life-threatening and can progress to the most severe form of the illness, dengue shock syndrome.
How to stop getting bitten by mosquitoes
You should try the following to prevent being bitten by mosquitoes
- Get a good mosquito spray, if your from Australia and you brought aeroguard to Thailand, forget about it, the mosquitoes here must be different because that doesn't keep them away, locally they have a product that you can find at most drug stores and even 7-eleven, the local product rubs into the skin easily and the Mozzies won't go anywhere near that area, though you kind of have to spray your whole body to get a good effect from it.
- Wear long clothing, I know it's hot and this might not be fun but wearing long clothing prevents the mosquitoes from getting access to your skin to bite you in the first place.
- Don't wear perfume or cologne, this only attracts the little buggers
- If you plan on camping in the jungle make sure you take a mosquito net because they will be hunting you down!
- If you live in a place that has standing water, you'll want to cover anything that does, getting rid of buckets and so forth from around your Thai home will help, if you have something with lotus flowers in it, you'll want to add some fish, no need to feed them, they'll just eat all the mosquito lava, awesome!
- Stay at a hotel in Thailand that has little to no mosquitoes.
Not all mosquitoes carry Dengue Fever only a specific kind.
Malaria is another mosquito born disease but doesn't have as much attention in Thailand as Dengue Fever is more prevalent. Most of the mosquitoes that carry Malaria (there is a specific kind) are found only in the remote places of Thailand typically in the middle of the Jungle.
To diagnose Malaria you have to undergo a specific test, typically a blood smear exam where they take a sample of your blood and put it under a microscope. Malaria is not fun and you don't want to catch it, and if your travelling to Thailand don't bother about vaccinations unless you plan on trekking through the jungle overnight, the vaccination does more harm than good in most opinions.به گزارش اسپوتنیک، یک منبع در مجتمع صنایع نظامی روسیه این خبر را اعلام کرده است.
موشک هوا پایه خا 32 در سال 2016 به خدمت گرفته شد و قرار است هواپیمای مدرنیزه شده توپولف 22 ام 3 ام که دو نمونه اولیه آن در حال انجام آزمایشات پروازی هستند، به این موشک مسلح شود .
منبع گفت: " توپولف 22 ام 3 مدرنیزه شده چندین موشک کروز خا 32 شلیک کرد که اساس سلاح های ضربتی بمب افکن توپولف 22 ام 3 ام را تشکیل خواهند داد . این شلیک ها در چارچوب آزمایشات دوره ای در یک میدان نظامی انجام شده و در طی آن مشخصات رزمی مقرر و دقت نشانه گیری این موشک ها نشان داده شده و تائید گردیدند".
منبع توضیح داد که "خا 32 در درجه اول برای اصابت اهداف سطحی در نظر گرفته شده است و به اصطلاح قاتل ناو های هواپیمابر است زیرا سامانه های فعلی دفاع هوایی ناو های هواپیمابر از کارآیی اندکی برای رهگیری چنین اهدافی برخوردار هستند." وی افزود: این موشک قادر است اهداف زمینی از جمله ایستگاه های رادار را نیز با کارایی بالا منهدم کند.
موشک کروز مافوق صوت خا 32 در سال 2016 به خدمت گرفته شد. این موشک برای جایگزینی موشکهای خا 32 ساخته شده است که توسط هواپیمای توپولف 22 ام 3 حمل می شود . حداکثر سرعت این موشک نردیک به سرعت صوت و در ارتفاع پرواز بیش از 30 کیلومتر حدود 5 ماخ (5 برابر سرعت صوت) و برد آن 1000 کیلومتر است.
برد پرواز بمب افکن مدرنیزه شده توپولف22 ام 3 ام تقریبا 6000 کیلومتر و سرعت آن 5000 کیلومتر در ساعت است.Dalle pampas in Vaticano. Mostra a Roma
L’allestimento, organizzato da Artifex, è il risultato di una selezione di opere appartenenti a collezionisti argentini, molte delle quali lasceranno il Paese per la prima volta.
Nella zona meridionale dell’America del Sud, un cavallerizzo leggendario, il gaucho, ha forgiato la sua personalità nelle pampas rioplatensi durante il XVIII secolo. Il gaucho aveva abilità eccezionali e godeva della sua libertà nella pianura infinita. Era solito mangiare arrosto di carne bovina, fumare tabacco e bere mate amaro, ma soltanto tra conoscenti. Lastarría ha osservato sui gauchos che per loro era molto facile macellare una mucca, perché tutti avevano un cavallo, boleadoras, un laccio e un coltello. Lavoravano unicamente per comperare il tabacco che fumavano o la yerba (erba Mate) del Paraguay che bevevano in generale senza zucchero, tutte le volte che potevano durante la giornata.
Dal XVIII secolo, i bovini e i muli divennero un bene strategico, ma con usi diversi: i primi per il consumo umano, i secondi per essere utilizzati nei giacimenti andini e in quelli di pietre preziose brasiliane, dove c’era una notevole necessità. Abile senza paragone nei lavori col bestiame, il gaucho diventò quindi una manodopera imprescindibile. Senza le sue capacità lo sviluppo economico della regione sarebbe stato diverso. Tuttavia, il gaucho è sempre stato emarginato dal sistema economico e sociale: da una parte, a causa del suo disinteresse per il lavoro e la sua recalcitranza verso le regole, dall’altra, come conseguenza dell’ingiusta organizzazione sociale dell’epoca. Le caratteristiche della sua personalità hanno fatto sì che gli abitanti urbani dei territori attuali di Argentina, Uruguay, del sud del Brasile e del Paraguay venissero chiamati gauchos con connotazione offensiva. Molti viaggiatori stranieri hanno però esaltato la cortesia di queste persone, il loro senso dell’ospitalità e, soprattutto, il loro amore per la libertà.
Il suo esotismo ha anche attirato l’attenzione di pittori e disegnatori stranieri e, più tardi, di fotografi, che arrivarono a Río de la Plata, con un certo spirito di av
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among U.S. workers: 40% of respondents across generations and genders feel physically alone or ignored. Twaronite argues that the disruption caused by new technologies has led to an increased sense of isolation and stress, particularly among younger generations.
With millennials making up a large portion of the workforce, companies may have an interest in accommodating the evolving needs of all people in order to keep up with the rapidly changing talent landscape and their need to belong.”
What can organizations do to address employees' sense of social isolation? “We believe that true belonging can only happen when people across all generations and levels band together and lead inclusively,” said Twaronite.
We recommend organizations set the tone from the top, cascading awareness about the importance of employees' individual differences across the firm and recognizing and rewarding both diverse and inclusive role models. We also encourage all employees to learn about each other and value each other's differences. Workplaces can encourage courageous conversations so that colleagues can learn from each other's experiences.”
The study also uncovered that across generations, all employees preferred “check-ins” to actions such as public recognition, being invited to office events or being asked to join a meeting with senior leaders.
Twaronite remarked that employees felt that checking-in with colleagues was more important than ever.
Managers and leaders should keep in mind that making a personal connection with colleagues can go a long way when it comes to fostering a sense of belonging within the workplace. Leaders may also want to acknowledge that events and incidents that happen outside of the workplace can impact each of us deeply and the concerns and emotions that result don't just disappear when we begin our work day.”اعتمادآنلاین| حجت الاسلام حسین میرزایی، نماینده اصفهان با اشاره به مشکلات شهری و حوزه آب کلانشهر اصفهان عنوان کرد: زاینده رود یک رودخانه ملی است و منافع آن استان های اصفهان، چهار محال و بختیاری و یزد را تحت الشعاع خود قرار میدهد، اما برای حل مشکل این رودخانه یک پیشنهاد فنی مشخص داریم که بتواند آب را به صورت دائمی در رودخانه زاینده رود جاری سازد و منافع استان های ذینفع و ذیحق یعنی استان های اصفهان، خوزستان، چهار محال و بختیاری و یزد را تامین سازد.
به گزارش ایسنا، این عضو کمیسیون فرهنگی مجلس تاکید کرد: به مسئولان دولتی می گوییم که مانند دولت های قبل به گفتار درمانی نپردازند، از مسئولین میخواهیم که مسئله آب زایندهرود را جدی بگیرند و مشکل را حل کنند، باید دستور رییس جمهور مبنی بر تشکیل ستاد احیای زاینده رود را جدی گرفته و فرمان ایشان را هرچه سریعتر عملیاتی کنند تا خدایی نکرده شاهد اتفاقات بدی نباشیم.Fuggito dai territori veneziani con un pugno di seguaci, ottenne l’aiuto di Berengario nel suo progetto di conquista di Venezia che realizzò in armi destituendo il padre e autonominandosi doge. Con l’abolizione della schiavitù in funzione anti bizantina e il matrimonio con la nobile Waldrada, figlia del duca di Spoleto e sorella del marchese di Toscana, forte dell’interessato consenso dell’imperatore Ottone I, spostò l’asse della politica estera veneziana da Bisanzio alla terraferma. La sua peculiare visione conseguì sì la sovranità sui tutte le proprietà ecclesiastiche in terra veneziana a scapito però di un’impopolare aumento della tassazione, alla necessità di una guardia personale mercenaria a tutela della propria persona e alla inimicizia di Bisanzio. Così, quando il suo protettore Ottone I, morì, i veneti diedero l’assalto al palazzo ducale che non esitarono a incendiare pur di stanare il doge. Quel giorno bruciò mezza Venezia, doge e figlio furono trucidati e gettati con noncuranza nel mattatoio pubblico.Secondo le ultime ricerche del World Platinum Investment Council (WPIC), potrebbe essere solo una questione di tempo prima che i prezzi del platino inizino a salire poiché il metallo prezioso sarà oggetto di un enorme deficit di offerta sia in questo 2020, che nel 2021.
Nel suo report trimestrale più recente il consiglio ha affermato che il platino sta affrontando un deficit di offerta di oltre 1 milione di once quest'anno poiché l'offerta mineraria non può tenere il passo con la crescente domanda. Guardando al prossimo anno, il mercato del platino potrebbe vedere un deficit di offerta di oltre 200.000 once.
“Nonostante la forte ripresa su base trimestrale dell’offerta in arrivo da miniere e riciclo, il recupero della domanda in arrivo dal settore automobilistico e la forte richiesta in arrivo dal settore degli investimenti nei metalli preziosi, platino compreso, hanno spinto la domanda del terzo trimestre 2020 ben al di sopra dell’offerta” (tratto dal report del World Platinum Investment Council).
Il World Platinum Investment Council afferma che l’offerta totale di platino del terzo trimestre 2020 è diminuita del 5% rispetto allo stesso periodo nel 2019, anche se il calo, rispetto al -36% del secondo trimestre 2020, si mostra tutto sommato contenuto; in aumento del 4% l’offerta totale in arrivo dalle miniere, anche se nell’intero anno le attese sono per un calo del 21%.
"Nonostante la forte ripresa della domanda e dell'offerta nel terzo trimestre del 2020, rispetto al secondo trimestre, l'offerta complessiva debole e la domanda degli investitori molto forte sono state i principali contributori al deficit di quasi 710000 once nel trimestre” (tratto dal report del World Platinum Investment Council).
Come accaduto ad oro ed argento, il mercato del platino ha visto quest'anno una domanda senza precedenti da parte degli investitori: secondo il rapporto, la domanda di investimenti del terzo trimestre è aumentata di 730.000 once, un aumento del 291% rispetto allo scorso anno; la domanda di investimento includeva un aumento di 42.000 once di monete e lingotti, ed il WPIC ha affermato che la domanda di lingotti fisici dovrebbe aumentare del 123% rispetto al 2019.
Continua nella pagina successivaYaralı Filistinliyi katletmişti cezası belli oldu
Yaralı Filistinliyi vurarak katleden Elor Azaria isimli İsrail askeri 1.5 yıl hapis cezasına çarptırıldı.
İsrail'in 1967'den bu yana işgal altında tuttuğu Batı Şeria'nın El Halil kentinde yaralı halde yerde yatan bir Filistinliyi vurarak öldüren İsrail askeri Elor Azaria, 1.5 yıl hapis cezasına çarptırıldı.
Ocak ayı başında suçlu bulunan asker için verilen ceza bugün açıklandı.
Çavuş Azaria, Mart 2016'da ağır yaralı halde yerde yatarken Abdülfettah el Şerif'e yakın mesafeden ateş etmiş, çekilen video görüntüsünün ortaya çıkmasıyla gözaltına alınmıştı.
İsrailli asker, daha önce mahkemede verdiği ifadede kendini savunmak için ateş açtığını söylemişti. Çavuşun El Şerif'i infaz ettiğini savunan savcılığın asker için istediği ceza 20 yıl hapis.
Dava daha önce de İsrail'i ikiye bölmüştü. İsrailli insan hakları örgütleri ve Filistinliler, Azaria'nın hapse atılmasını istiyor. İsrail toplumunun yarısı ise, genç askerin suçsuz olduğunu savunuyor.Sturgeon found in San Joaquin River are up to 6 feet long
Spawning verified for first time ever
Sturgeon spawning has been verified for the first time in the San Joaquin River.
The California State Department of Fish and Wildlife performed a study on the fish.
"The study indicated white sturgeon use the river for spawning not only during wet, high-flow years, but also during dry years," biologist Zac Jackson said.
Biologists say it is worth looking into why sturgeon are in San Joaquin County, and if they need to be protected.
"They are big," Jackson said. "We have found some that are 6 feet."
Spawning sturgeon contain a high number of coveted eggs, which can be processed into caviar, and sold on the black market.ویکتور اچ وروم : شیوه تصمیم گیری هنجاری
انگیزه وروحیه مستبدین وکسانی که تمایل یا نیاز چندانی به وابستگی و پیوستگی دیگران ندارند از امکان مشارکت در تصمیم گیری اثر قابل توجهی نمی پذیرند، اما کسانی که به وابستگی و پیوستگی با دیگران احساس نیاز می کنند از مشارکت در فرآیند تصمیم گیری به شدت تاثیر می پذیرند.
Ø وروم به بررسی رابطه میان فرآیندهای مدیریت از یک طرف و تفاوت در مشارکت مرئوسان در جریان تصمیم گیری از طرف دیگر پرداخته اند.
o الف / یک: مدیر با اطلاعاتی که در مقطعی از زمان در اختیار دارد خود تصمیم می گیرد یا مساله ای را حل می کند.
o الف / دو: مدیر اطلاعات لازم را از مرئوسان می گیرد وسپس خودش تصمیم می گیرد یا مساله را حل می کند.
o ب/ یک : مدیر موضوع یا مساله را با فرد فرد مرئوسان مربوط در میان می گذارد و نظرات وپیشنهادهایشان را بصورت انفرادی ونه در چارچوب یک گروه کسب می کند.
o ب / دو : مدیر موضوع یا مساله را با جمعی از مرئوسانی که مستقیما" با موضوع یا مساله ارتباط دارند در میان می گذارد و پیشنهادهای گروهی آنان را دریافت و سرانجام شخصا" تصمیم لازم را که می تواند بیانگر استفاده یا عدم استفاده از پیشنهادهای مرئوسان می باشد را اتخاذ کند.
o ج/ دو : مدیر موضوع یا مساله را در جمع مرئوسان در میان می گذارد و سپس با هم به رایزنی می پردازند، گزینه هایی را مطرح و سپس هر گزینه را منفردا" ارزشیابی می کنند، تا در مورد یک گزینه به توافق برسند.
o موارد الف / یک و الف / دو فرآیندهای مستبدانه یا آمرانه اند، موارد ب / یک و ب / دو فرآیندهای مشاوره ای و مورد ج /دو فرآیندی گروهی است.
وروم در پاسخ به دو پرسش، هنجاری (وقتی مدیران در جریان کار با مساله ای روبرو می شوند کدام یک از فرآیندهای فوق می تواند به آنها کمک کند؟ ) و توصیفی(مدیران در عمل چه فرآیندهائی را برای تصمیم گیری در مورد مسائل به کار می برند؟)و پاسخ به این سوالات، سوال دیگری تحت عنوان چه برنامه های آموزشی و تغییر رفتاری می تواند شیوه های تصمیم گیری مدیران را با روشهای تصمیم کار آمدتر هماهنگ سازد؟
وروم سه گروه از پیامدهای یا آثار مترتب بر تصمیم گیری را به شرح زیر بیان می کند:
۱. کیفیت وعقلانیت :کاربرد فرآیندی که برکیفیت وعقلانیت تصمیم اثر سوء داشته باشد غیر قابل توجیه است.
۲. قابلیت پذیرش تصمیم برای مرئوسان و احساس تعهد آنها به اجرای آن :اگر این احساس تعهد نسبت به اجرای تصمیم عمده باشد فرآیندهای تصمیم گیری که تعهد مرئوسان را نسبت به اجرای تصمیمات بر نیانگیزد بی ثمر خواهد بود.
۳. زمان لازم برای تصمیم گیری : فرآیندی که تصمیم گیری را در مدتی کوتاه ممکن سازد نسبت به فرآیندهایی که تصمیم گیری را در مدتی بلند تر مقدور می کنند ترجیح دارند به شرط آنکه کاهش دوره تصمیم گیری برکیفیت تصمیم اثر سوء نداشته باشد.
درخت تصمیم گیری نشان می دهد فرآیندهای تصمیم گیری( مستبدانه / آمرانه / مشاوره ای و جمعی )در بعضی شرایط کاربرد دارند. هر فرآیند به نوع تصمیم هایی که هر مدیر می گیر د بستگی دارد.
یافته ها فوق این نتیجه گیری که "سخن گفتن از موقعیتهای مشارکتی، مستبدانه یا آمرانه معنی دارتر از بحث در مورد مدیریت مستبدانه، یا مشارکتی است"
تهیه کننده: محمدعلی زارعی وبلاگ مدیریت دولتی / مدیریت مالیاتی http://zareimohamad.blogfa.comWeighing the Benefits of Reflective Practices: Faculty Focus
“The use of reflections in a classroom setting can help us, as educators, understand what students have learned and what needs to be covered in more depth or maybe in a different way as the semester unfolds,” write Ann Wheeler, associate professor of mathematics education at Texas Woman’s University, and Jörg Waltje, executive director of the Center for Faculty Excellence at Texas Woman’s University, in a recent Faculty Focus story.
The article examines the use of reflective exercises, both in video and in written form, as implemented in two mathematics education classes for future elementary and middle school teachers. Forty nine prospective teachers had students reflect each week in writing on a discussion board on Canvas or through video recordings in Flipgrid, a free online resource that generates video discussion boards.
Results showed that 47% of students preferred reflecting about their learning using Flipgrid videos, while 53% preferred the traditional discussion boards. Students who preferred Flipgrid mentioned how videos made it easier to explain mathematical concepts, while students who preferred written reflection said that putting concepts into words helped them fine-tune their writing skills.
Students also reported using Flipgrid and Canvas discussion during reviews for tests or other exams. Thirty-three percent stated they used only Flipgrid videos, 26% used only the written reflections, 13% used both types of reflecting, and 28% used neither one to study for exams. Students often stated that they used other students’ video recordings to further their own learning.
Wheeler and Waltje in a final question asked prospective teachers what method of reflective exercises would be most useful in their future careers. Sixty-one percent of the future teachers felt that the Flipgrid videos would prove more helpful to them, contrasted with 27% who felt that written reflections helped them more. Twelve percent stated both methods would be equally helpful or that they would benefit more from other methods such as reviewing course materials and textbooks.
“In the light of the COVID-19 pandemic, we have seen that being an articulate and well-spoken (i.e. reflective) presenter may come in very handy when one’s workplace is transferred into an online and/or remote environment. Helping our students develop their intellectual, meta-cognitive and (self-)reflective skills, while at the same time building their self-confidence and presentational skills via the use of new technologies is a win-win for all involved and a good preparation for them to join the future workforce,” Wheeler and Waltje write in the article.Each year, long-distance winds drop up to 900 million tons of dust from deserts and other parts of the land into the oceans. Scientists suspect this phenomenon connects to global climate--but exactly how, remains a question. Now a big piece of the puzzle has fallen into place, with a study showing that the amount of dust entering the equatorial Pacific peaks sharply during repeated ice ages, then declines when climate warms. The researchers say it cements the theory that atmospheric moisture, and thus dust, move in close step with temperature on a global scale; the finding may in turn help inform current ideas to seed oceans with iron-rich dust in order to mitigate global warming. The study appears in the Feb. 28 edition of Science Express, the advance online edition of the leading journal Science.
In the past decade, scientists have documented similar dust peaks in polar ice cores, and in sediments from the Atlantic and Indian oceans, but records from Pacific were contradictory. Now that all the records have been shown to coincide, "it suggests that the whole world hydrologic cycle varies in unison, on a pretty rapid time scale," said Gisela Winckler, a geochemist at Columbia University's Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory and lead author of the paper. "It gives us the information from where it matters--where people live, and where the real engine of climate probably lies." Changes in the atmosphere over the Pacific, and the tropics in general, are thought to affect huge areas of the world.
The researchers studied cores of seafloor sediment representing 500,000 years of deposition, spanning about 6,000 miles of the Pacific equator, from near Papua New Guinea to near Ecuador's Galápagos Islands--nearly a quarter of the globe's girth. In each, they found the same thing: at the height of each of five known ice ages, accumulation of the isotope thorium 232, a tracer for land dust, shot up 2.5 times over the level of warmer "interglacial" times. The peaks appear about every 100,000 years, with the last one at 20,000 years ago--culmination of the last glacial age. Through other isotopes, the scientists traced the dust on the western side to Asia, and that on the eastern side to South America. The reasons for the lockstep peaks are probably complex, but in general scientists say that colder air holds less moisture than warmer air, and that cold periods tend to be windier; this means both dustier land, and more dust getting blown away.
The dust probably helped make climate even colder for a while, and this has implications for the current day, said Robert F. Anderson, head of Lamont-Doherty's geochemistry division and a coauthor. Many types of dust transported at high altitudes tend to reflect sunlight, thus lowering the energy reaching earth, said Anderson. And, when it settles into the ocean, there could be an intriguing further effect. Rich in the plant nutrient iron, the dust could have fertilized near-surface plankton on a massive scale. Like other plants, plankton uses the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide for photosynthesis; thus, theoretically, fertilization could have caused the ocean to take larger amounts of CO2 from the air, and entomb it in the ocean. Lowering of atmospheric CO2 in turn would reduce the air's capacity to hold heat--the opposite of what is currently happening, as the globe warms due to elevated CO2 levels from burning of fossil fuels and other human activities.
Lately, a growing number of scientists have been advocating research to see if massive, manmade iron fertilization of the oceans might induce such blooms, and thus mitigate warming. A dozen early experiments in different regions have shown that plankton growth increases when iron is artificially added, but scientists have yet to show that this could lock significant amounts of CO2 into the ocean; carbon from the plants would have to sink to the bottom for this to happen. "The new data gives us a natural experiment to see what
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lack traffic controls.
Legibility and Uniformity
Safe streets can be read by their users—geometry, materials, and roadway markings communicate critical information, including appropriate speeds and where to expect other people and vehicles.
Reduced speeds expand the use of peripheral vision by drivers, widening the visual cone and increasing the chance of seeing people crossing.
Organize Large Streets, Share Small Streets
Large streets call for dedicated space for each user. On small streets or intersections with very low speeds, people can mix with vehicles safely. The appropriate tools of traffic operations and geometric design should be applied, depending on the level of connectivity and traffic volume on the street.
Accessible Streets are Safe Streets
Streets must provide accessible paths that meet the fundamental movement needs of all users, especially pedestrians in wheelchairs, the visually impaired, and people with strollers or baby prams. Inaccessible streets force the most vulnerable users into unsafe conditions.
Adapted by Global Street Design Guide published by Island Press.
Next Section —فرانسه موفق شد در مرحله یک هشتم نهایی جام جهانی 2018 روسیه آرژانتین را با نتیجهای پُر گل شکست دهد
به گزارش مرور نیوز، دیدار دو تیم فرانسه و آرژانتین در مرحله یک هشتم نهایی جام جهانی 2018 روسیه با قضاوت علیرضا فغانی به مصاف هم رفتند. این دیدار با نتیجه چهار بر سه به نفع فرانسه به پایان رسید که موجب کنار رفتن زود هنگام لیونل مسی از جام جهانی شد.آمارنامههای دارویی برای کارگزاران و سیاستگذاران این حوزه قابل استناد نیست
سید مرتضی آذرنوش، کارشناس و پیشکسوت در حوزه دارو
تاریخ انتشار :
دوشنبه ۱ بهمن ۱۳۹۷ ساعت ۱۲:۴۰
کد مطلب : ۳۷۶۱
سید مرتضی آذرنوش، کارشناس و پیشکسوت در حوزه دارو با بیان این مطلب به سالم خبر گفت: ما در سال 1363 به همت همکاران توانمندی در اداره کل نظارت بر امور دارو، آمارنامه ای که به عنوان IMS در دنیا منتشر می شد را با امکانات بسیار ضعیف آن زمان منتشر کردیم. واحد برنامه ریزی اداره کل امور دارو و معاونت دارویی و شخص دکتر منتصری برای سال های طولانی تلاش کردند تا آمارهای بسیار دقیق و اطلاعات صحیحی را پایه تنظیمات آمارنامه دارویی کشور قرار دهند.
وی اافزود: اگرچه این اقدام دشواری های خاص خود را نیز داشت؛ برای مثال تغییر سیستم دارویی کشور به سیستم ژنریک موجب شد بیش از 4 هزار قلم داروی موجود در کشور به یک فهرست محدود کمتر از 1000 قلم تبدیل شود.
وی با بیان اینکه ما برای تنظیم آمارنامه در آن زمان با دشواری
ها و چالش های فراوانی روبرو بودیم، گفت: برای مثال در نبود سیستم های الکترونیکی پیشرفته، مجبور بودیم از تشکیلات کامپیوتری سازمان تامین اجتماعی که در آن زمان بروزترین سیستم موجود در کشور بود، کمک بگیریم تا آمارنامه تنظیم شود. بنابراین هر چند امروز تعداد شرکت های تامین کننده دارو در کشور نسبت به زمان ما بیشتر شده اما به هر حال انتظار این است که با وجود امکانات الکترونیکی پیشرفته و انتقال ساده اطلاعات، سازمان غذا و دارو بتواند یک آمارنامه دقیق، منسجم و قابل اعتماد تهیه کند.
آذرنوش در رابطه با مشکلات آماری که بازار دارویی با آن مواجه است توضیح داد: آمارنامه میزان تامین دارو در کشور را چه در حوزه تولید و چه در حوزه واردات می سنجد اما پیش بینی اینکه میزان مصرف و تقاضای هر دارو در بازار چقدر است، ربطی به آمارنامه ندارد. در دو دهه اول انقلاب سیستم متمرکزی وجود داشت که امکان برنامه ریزی بر اساس میزان مصرف را میسر می کرد اما بعدها با افزایش کارخانه های تولید
دارو، رشد جمعیت، کمتر بودن محدودیت های ارزی نسبت به امروز و غیره، سیاست گذاران به فکر تنظیم عرضه و تقاضا افتادند و همین موجب شد تا اجازه تولید بیشتر از ظرفیت تقاضا در بازار صادر شود.
وی افزود: همین مساله و در غیاب ساختارهای زمینه ای بازاریابی چه در حوزه قوانین و چه در سطح شرکت ها به ویژه در دهه هشتاد، موجب شد تا تولیدکنندگان برای فروش محصولاتشان به سمت آفرهای قیمتی و غیره سوق پیدا کنند که نتیجه ای جز تضعیف تولیدکنندگان و مخدوش کردن بازار دارو و وجهه آن در پی نداشت.
آذرنوش تاکید کرد: علاوه بر این، به اعتقاد من، بخشی از این مشکل به اجرای سیستم ژنریک در کشور هم باز می گردد چون این سیستم، به گونه ای تلاش برای تمایز زدایی دارد. بنابراین در غیاب برندها و وجه های تمایزی مشخص بین داروهای شرکت های مختلف، شرکت ها برای فروش محصولات خود تخفیف ها و آفرهای گوناگون ریالی و زمانی تعیین کنند.
وی با تاکید بر اینکه ضمن حفظ نظام ژنریک، می توان با تغییر نظام قیمت گذاری
و ترغیب شرکت ها برای تولید محصولات برند ژنریک برای توسعه صنعت داروی کشور کوشید و به رویارویی با شرایط موجود که حیات برخی شرکت ها را به مخاطره انداخته است، پرداخت، گفت: در شرایط فعلی که ما در تلاشیم بازار عرضه و تقاضای داروی خود را به طور طبیعی تنظیم کند، انتظار تعیین دقیق میزان تقاضای هر دارو توسط وزارت بهداشت، دوباره ما را به سمت فضاهایی مانند سهمیه بندی تولید هر شرکت که مدت هاست از آن عبور کرده ایم سوق خواهد داد و این صحیح نیست. پس این وظیفه شرکت هاست که با تولید محصولات برند ژنریک، در میان مشتریان خود وفاداری ایجاد کنند و از این طریق سهم خود را از بازار به دست بیاورند.
این پیشکسوت در حوزه دارو در پاسخ به این سوال که چرا بخش عمده صنعت داروی ما چشم اندازی به آینده نداشته و توسعه محور نیستند، توضیح داد: قبل از آنکه نظام ژنریک در کشور پیاده شود، نمایندگان علمی شرکت ها که حدود سه هزار نفر می شدند وظیفه معرفی داروهای شرکت ها به پزشکان را بر عهده داشتند.
اما با اجرای طرح ژنریک، چون نام های تجاری از بین رفت، بحث معرفی داروها هم خود به خود به حاشیه رانده شد و پس از اتمام دوران دفاع مقدس این روند تا حدودی ادامه پیدا کرد که در سایه نظام قیمت گذاری موجود، انگیزه شرکت ها را برای حرکت در مسیر توسعه کاهش داد و انها را به ورطه روزمرگی کشاند.
وی گفت: با این حال در سال های اخیر شرکت های خوش فکر تری بوده اند که با تولید محصولات برند ژنریک و سرمایه گذاری در این حوزه توانسته اند گام هایی بلند در راستای توسعه شرکت های خود و ایجاد وفاداری در میان مشتریان خود بردارند و در شرایط ملتهب بازار برای خود حاشیه های امن تری ایجاد کنند، علاوه بر آن شرکت هایی هم هستند که با تولید محصولات بایوتک و نوآورانه کمک های شایانی به بازار دارویی کشور کرده اند.
آذرنوش در پایان با تقدیر از رییس سابق سازمان غذا و دارو مجموع تغییرات مدیریتی بوجود آمده در وزارت بهداشت و سازمان غذا دارو را مثبت ارزیابی کرد.The article links reflections about Brazilian race relations with institutional transnational dialogues between Brazil and ‘Africa’. I point out that although racial/cultural mixture and the ‘brown’ census category have traditionally reflected much of national identity in Brazil, Brazil today is increasingly spelling out its blackness, both on the national and international scenes. This is happening at a historical moment when programs of ‘black’ affirmative action and other differential politics in favor of Afro-descendants are taking off in the country, and also at a time when Brazil is expanding its geopolitical and economic interests in Africa, by and large under the name of ‘South-South cooperation’. By my analysis, I suggest that while Africa is an interesting terrain for Brazilian geopolitical expansion and leadership in the South Atlantic, these transatlantic links may also represent a new frontier for the study of race relations in Brazil.
If your browser can't open the file, please download the file first and then open itHamas'ın liderlerinden Salih El Aruri'ye düzenlenen İHA saldırısında Aruri ile birlikte 6 kişinin hayatını kaybettiği bildirildi. İsrail tarafından düzenlenen saldırının Hizbullah'ın kalesi olan Beyrut'un Maşrafiye bölgesindeki Hamas ofisinde gerçekleştiği öğrenildi.
Saldırıda 6 kişi ölürken, çok sayıda kişinin de yaralandığı duyuruldu. Hamas tarafından saldırıya ilişkin yapılan açıklamada, Salih El Aruri'nin de öldüğü belirtildi.
Açıklamada ayrıca, İsrail saldırısında hayatını kaybeden Aruri'nin öldürülmesinin Hamas direnişini bitirmeyeceği vurgulanırken, bu saldırıya sert karşılık verileceğine işaret edildi.WHAT IS GUARDIANSHIP?
The purpose of a guardianship is to protect someone who is unable to protect themselves. Parents are the natural guardians of young children. But once someone becomes an adult, the parent loses control. A guardianship becomes important when a person is unable to tend to their own daily affairs or financial affairs due to health or other reasons. A guardianship might be necessary for a child with developmental disabilities who is turning 18, a young adult who suffers a debilitating stroke or other illness, or an elderly person who slips into dementia or alzheimer's disease.
The court can appoint a guardian over a person's stuff only ("guardian of the estate") or they can provide a guardian with full decision-making ability. The type of guardianship needed is based on the specific circumstances of each case.
Guardianships also become important when the parents of a child die. Usually there is some direction from the parents saying who the guardian should be. But it doesn't happen by magic—the proposed guardian has to ask the Court to appoint them as guardian.
Guardianship issues can be complicated and occasionally contentions. A lawyer can help you sort through it all.Ernests Gulbis non si presenta in campo nelle qualificazioni di Parigi Bercy. Mathieu Rodrigues festeggia con il pubblico l’inattesa “Vittoria” ed il suo compleanno
Ernests Gulbis nella giornata di oggi non si è proprio presentato in campo nel primo turno delle qualificazioni del torneo Masters 1000 di Parigi Bercy.
Mathieu Rodrigues, n.410 del mondo che ha compiuto 24 anni proprio nella giornata di oggi, ha atteso Ernests per 15 minuti mentre la folla cantava ” Joyeux anniversaire” prima di aggiudicarsi l’incontro per forfait.
Rodrigues era entrato nelle qualificazioni come alternates, l’unico insieme a Millot che si era presentato a firmare (sarebbero entrati se ci fossero stati ritiri a tabellone compilato).
Stagione da dimenticare per Gulbis che ora prenderà anche una multa dall’ATP.
TAG: Gulbis, Masters 1000 Parigi Bercyمن با شهید جلال نوبهار قبل از اینکه مغازه داشته باشد دوست بودم این شهید والا مقام را می توان شخصی عارف، هنرمند و رزمنده ای بزرگ خواند. معمولا پس از عملیات در جبهه همرزمان و دوستان دور هم جمع می شدند و هر کدام از جبهه تعریف می کردند. محل تجمع هم زیر زمین کتابفروشی بود.
همزمان با هفتمین روز شهادت برادرم خداوند فرزند پسری به من عطا فرمود که نام برادرم را بر او نهادم وقتی که حدوداً هفت، هشت ماهه بود او را به بغل گرفتم و برای دیدار با شهید نوبهار به کتابفروشی رفتم. لباسی که بر تن فرزندم بود آستین کوتاه بود ناگهان شهید جلال نوبهار با تعجب گفت فلانی این چه لباسی است که تن فرزندت کرده ای؟ بدنش پیداست. گفتم فرزندم پسر است، گفت باشد تأثیر منفی دارد و همین نوع پوشش در کودکی می تواند بر آینده اثر گذار باشد و من هم قبول کردم.
آخرین باری که برای گذراندن مرخصی به کازرون آمده بود از من خواست که برای دیدنش به کتابفروشی بروم در آن ملاقات به گونه ای سخن می گفت که بوی وصیت از آن استشمام می شد. از جمله اینکه اسامی بعضی افراد را برد و گفت ممکن است اینها با شما طرح دوستی بریزند شما سعی کنید به آنها بهاء ندهید چون اخلاق و رفتار و منششان با ما متفاوت است هر چند شما آنها را دوست خود نمی دانید ولی آنها می هواهند با شما دوست باشند من به او گفتم جلال داری وصیت می کنی؟ تو را به خدا سعی نکنید جامعه و انقلاب را از وجود خودتان بی بهره کنید شما با شهادتتان آخرت خودتان را تضمین می کنید اما با شهادت امثال شما و شهیدان حاج مجید حسن زاده و حمید بهبود انقلاب از نظر فرهنگی ضربه می خورد. آیا شما حتی یک نفر را جایگزین خود کرده ای که بتواند راه تو و اهداف تو و تأثیر گذاری معنوی تو را جبران کند و ادامه دهد؟ و او فقط به شهادت که تکلیف خود می دانست فکر می کرد.Haber turu!
Uyuşturucu kartelinin kralı öldürüldü
Meksika'nın büyük uyuşturucu karteli Sinaloa'nın üç önemli liderinden biri olan Ignacio Coronel öldürüldü. Meksika Savunma Bakanlığı, Coronel'in, Guadalajara kenti dışında bulunduğu yere baskın düzenleyen güvenlik güçleriyle çatışmaya girdiğini açıkladı.
Uzayı en fazla Çin kirletiyor
Rusya Uzay Ajansı (Roskosmos), uzayı en çok Çin'in kirlettiğini açıkladı. Roskosmos'un internet sitesindeki açıklamada, uzayı Çin'den sonra en fazla kirleten iki ülkenin ise ABD ve Rusya olduğu kaydedildi. Uzaydaki atıkların yüzde 93'ünün bu 3 ülkeden kaynaklandığı belirtildi. AAPlan Testing & Validation
After-action Report/Review (AAR)
Communication is an essential component in the University’s plan to handle a crisis situation. How the University communicates with the students, faculty, staff, parents, media and the general public can have a lasting impact on its reputation. An effective communications plan, coupled with the early involvement of communications professionals, will help limit possible negative impact of the crisis and allow those charged with mitigating the crisis to fulfill their responsibilities.
A crisis situation is any situation or event that has a major impact on the campus community and the broader public. Examples of a crisis situation may include fires, bomb threats, deaths or serious injuries, natural disasters, major crimes or major disruptions of campus operations, such as a campus-wide power or network outage or severe weather. Crisis situations may include police investigations, protests or other situations that require a public response.
This plan is not intended to change the way emergencies are initially reported. All emergencies on campus should be reported immediately to University Police.
The purpose of this plan is to establish and delineate the procedures and methods for disseminating accurate and timely information to the UK campus community, media and public during a crisis situation.
1. Assessment: People who become aware of a potential crisis or emergency must contact the Office of Public Relations and Marketing. The Executive Director or a designee, in conjunction with other campus authorities, will determine whether it is appropriate to invoke this plan and notify crisis communication team.
2. Crisis Communication Team: The Crisis Communication Team is comprised of UKPRM employees and others whose organizations may play a critical role in addressing the crisis. Members may be called into action during a crisis based on each individual situation.
Time is of the essence in communicating crucial information to the university community and the news media, and the team will be assembled as quickly as possible. Based on the timing, location and severity of the incident(s) or event(s), this may occur either in person or virtually. The Executive Director of Public Relations and Marketing will determine when a sufficient number of the team is engaged.
3. Information: As soon as possible after the incident, informational material will be prepared to supplement communication with key constituencies and information provided to reporters by the spokespersons. It will be approved by the Executive Director of Public Relations and Marketing and checked for accuracy by those with a direct knowledge of the crisis. Information released publicly or posted to the Internet will be updated as information changes.
4. Notifying Key Constituencies: The Crisis Communications Team will determine which groups need to be informed first. It is important to keep in mind that people will seek – and believe – other sources of information (e.g., news reports, rumors, word of mouth) in the absence of official communication. Effective communication will help quell rumors, maintain morale and ensure public safety.
Key constituencies include:
• Students • Faculty
• Staff • Parents of students
• Board of Trustees • Public officials—Governor, Mayor
• Alumni • Neighbors
• General Public • News Media
5. Alerting the media: UK Public Relations and Marketing shall decide the best way(s) of reaching the news media. In cases where a crisis is likely to be prolonged and/or especially complex, the Executive Director may choose to create a Joint Information Center and/or a news media briefing center to coordinate the information flow and assure that the appropriate people are involved in collecting and disseminating information. Consideration will be given to appropriate media staging locations that can accommodate vehicles such as satellite trucks. Communication with the media will occur as new information becomes known. Information from news briefings may be captured in audio and/or video and posted to the Internet, along with updated informational material. Effort will be made to monitor news coverage in key media and correct significant inaccuracies, either in those media themselves or in material distributed by the university. In general, the university will welcome reporters and allow them as much access as public safety and common sense permit. Public information officers will facilitate access to key knowledgeable individuals and respond quickly to as many requests as possible.
6. Phases of Response
Five criteria shall be considered to determine the type of communication response necessary:
Phases of response include the immediate phase which incorporates the time between when Public Relations officials learn of the crisis and the first communication about the crisis is made to the constituencies. The ongoing phase constitutes the time period following that first communication; this is when the crisis may be continuing or may have ended but new information is being learned and its communication is critical. The recovery period follows resolution of the crisis and its aftermath and involves reviewing the success of the crisis communications efforts.
- The Office of Public Relations and Marketing and the official spokesperson will determine if an official statement should be prepared and released. If warranted, Public Relations staff members will also develop answers to specific questions that may be asked by the media.
- The Public Relations staff will obtain basic information (type of crisis/emergency; time of emergency; actions taken; areas and number of people involved; injuries or fatalities; extent of damage; etc.) and prepare an official news release. Public Relations staff is authorized to obtain information from all emergency personnel to enable a timely and accurate flow of information.
- Determination of the means of communicating – i.e. broadcast email, UK Alert, news release/conference, website update, social media, etc.
- The Public Relations staff will
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(WSCC) awarded a $930,305 grant to install and operate a clean-water membrane technology system provided by Regenis, an agricultural waste solutions company. This system will generate 12,000 gallons of clean water daily from the 60,000 gallons of cow manure the farm produces through a unique combination of nano-filtration and reverse osmosis.
Once treated, the water is suitable for farm animals to drink or even to benefit local salmon runs by increasing stream flow.
All the manure at Coldstream is stored in earthen lagoons that are clay-lined, and excess rain can pose a major problem. “In 2018, we received 72 inches of rain, and we are having to store all that rainwater in our lagoon.” Smith continues, “The water table is high here, and our lagoons are built with 2 feet of space above the high-water mark, so we end up collecting 4 or 5 feet of water in a lagoon that has a total height of 12 feet, and that doesn’t leave us much room for manure.”
While Coldstream has plenty of available ground in the area to spread manure, they would like to use the manure more efficiently with a “zero-waste mentality.” Smith says, “Manure is very valuable to us to grow crops, so we are working on making better utilization of it.”
It was perfect timing for the pilot program, as Smith was investigating ways to concentrate manure and eliminate excess water. He penciled out putting covers over the lagoons to cut down on the collection of rainwater, but he found it to be cost-prohibitive. “It was going to cost us about half to three-quarters of a million dollars, and it really didn’t solve the problem,” he says.
Smith continued to search for a solution, vetting different companies and their technology. Through conversations with Regenis, Smith says it was apparent they had a possible solution, and what they offered was definitely feasible, so he proceeded to research the project using their own resources. Smith explains, “We were looking at using all of our own money, but we were blessed the state of Washington wanted to invest financially in dairy technologies.” He notes if dairies are going to stay in Washington state, especially in this market with no extra cash for this kind of project, the state was going to have to help in some way.
“Washington state was tasked with selecting projects, and we were fortunate enough to be selected as a pilot project to show what’s possible with clean-water technology on a dairy,” Smith adds.
The membrane system installed on the dairy this last fall uses a combination of nano-filtration and reverse osmosis to extend membrane life, resulting in lower operational costs as well as producing water clean enough for animals to drink or to use on the farm. Not only will this system reduce lagoon storage needs, but it will allow for increased herd size without a new source of water. It’s a turnkey automated system and is fully remote.
Not only can water from the agricultural water management system be used safely on fields and for on-farm industrial uses, but it’s also approved for farm animal consumption and even meets EPA standards for safe release into nearby streams and rivers.
Eric Powell of Regenis explains the process. “It’s a pre-treatment followed by membrane treatment where we are removing solids and then concentrating nutrients to make clean water, a stackable solid, concentrated nutrients and a liquid with concentrated nutrients.” He continues, “The pre-treatment is a process where an organic polymer is added to bind solids together and remove them to produce a pile of concentrated nutrients and a tea-water liquid to send through the membrane system. The membrane process is a two-step process of nano-filtration and reverse osmosis.”
Powell notes, “One of the benefits of this pre-treatment process is to have a pile of concentrated nutrients easy to move and to apply to fields.” He adds, “We are able to concentrate approximately 80 percent of phosphorus and 35 percent of nitrogen.”
This specific project is intended to be used as a demonstration for others who may be considering this type of nutrient management. In addition, they are working to take that water and put it in the nearby river to use as stream flow augmentation for salmon in the river. Powell adds, “You don’t have to take it that far, and I don’t think that will happen in every application, but with this project, we want to show what is possible.”
Powell says he believes dairy producers need to have options, and this project shows various ways they can use advanced nutrient management. “This is a good tool that needs to be in the toolbox, since environmental regulations are not going away, and dairies need to have options,” he notes.
Different farms require different applications. Powell explains, “There are certain places where this makes a lot more sense. In this case, Coldstream doesn’t have a nutrient problem; they have a water problem. It rains a lot, so this is an opportunity to remove water from the system.” He continues, “Places where dairies have to haul manure long distances, concentrating the nutrients will provide a real benefit.”
In addition, if a farm needs more water for irrigation or for cow drinking water, then this may be an opportunity for them. Powell said there is no silver bullet for everyone; it’s going to be a good solution in certain situations, and others won’t need it.
“This technology had some good research behind it; it was being done successfully in Europe, and we thought it was the real deal and, with the grant, we decided to move forward with it,” Smith adds. In this northwest corner of Washington, natural resource conservation is important. “There are a lot of conservation efforts existing in the area already. During the summer months, we can irrigate most of our land, but at times the river flow can be below what is deemed necessary to maintain a healthy fish population, and adding water from our system can be helpful,” he says. While in the process of testing the water and attaining the permits necessary to discharge into the stream, the farm is holding it in their lagoon.
Smith admits, “We struggle just like everyone else in the industry; 2018 has been one of the toughest years next to 2009, and farmers are eternal optimists, so we always have that mentality.” He continues, “But when we can take a project like this, with measurable results, like lower trucking costs to get nutrients on the fields and getting more manure out in a timely fashion, and use all of our nutrients rather than giving it away because we don’t have storage capacity and, in turn, buying fertilizer at a later date, then it’s a huge win for us.” Smith says they also have the potential of another income stream with selling the solid byproducts.
Powell is looking forward to the end result of this project. “They are a well-run, well-respected dairy and have been a great partner in this project, and we are very thankful,” Powell concludes.
Coldstream Farm LLC is currently milking 1,600 cows with 20 employees, in addition to the family. Jeff and Vickie Rainey started the dairy in 1978 and had three daughters. Galen Smith married the oldest daughter, Laura, and came into the dairy in 2000 and became a partner in 2008.
In 2012, they expanded with the 50-stall rotary parlor and a new barn. Today, Galen is the general manager, Laura does the bookkeeping, sister-in-law Lynne Wheeler does the herd health and mowing, while Galen’s brother, Brad Smith, oversees the nutrient management program, the crops and helps Lynne manage the heifer program. Jeff and Vickie are still involved in a supervisory capacity.
PHOTO 1: The clean-water membrane technology starts with liquid manure after the solids have been separated. In the pre-treatment step an organic polymer is added to bind solids together. The remaining liquid is sent through a two-step membrane process of nano-filtration followed by reverse osmosis.
PHOTO 2: At Coldstream Farm, scraped manure passes through a separation system. The solids are fed into an in-vessel composter and are then used for bedding. The liquid concentrate is put through a treatment system to filter out fine particles.
PHOTO 3: Eric Powell of Regenis explains they are working to take the clean water from the system and put it in the nearby river to use as stream flow augmentation for salmon in the river.
PHOTO 4: Galen Smith (second from left), general manager at Coldstream Farm LLC., says they had a water problem, not a nutrient problem. To solve this, he is partnering with Regenis on a pilot project using advance nutrient management. Team members from Regenis include, Eric Powell (left), Andy Hanson (second from right) and Dr. Craig Frear (right). Photos courtesy of Regenis.
Melissa Hart is a freelance writer in North Adams, Michigan.Some of Tagore's lyrics corresponded in a synesthetic sense with particular paintings. रबिन्द्रनाथ टैगोर की 5 कविताएँ Rabindranath Tagore Poems in Hindi. Its ironic and grave tales examined the voluptuous poverty of an idealised rural Bengal. इनके पिता का नाम देवेंद्रनाथ टैगोर और माता का नाम शारदा देवी था. Tagore's father invited several professional musicians to stay in the house and teach to the children. The zamindar adopts him, and finally arranges a marriage to his own daughter.
While Tagore's father belonged to a family, her mother came from an family, and both of them were distantly related to the Nobel laureate. Archived from on 9 February 2012. उनकी रचनाओं में सरलता है, अनूठापन है, और दिव्यता है. Art works At sixty, Tagore took up drawing and painting; successful exhibitions of his many works—which made a debut appearance in Paris upon encouragement by artists he met in the south of France —were held throughout Europe. Poetry from these valetudinary years is among his finest. Of Tagore's prose, his short stories are perhaps most highly regarded; he is indeed credited with originating the Bengali-language version of the genre. There Tagore read biographies, studied history, astronomy, modern science, and , and examined the classical poetry of.
Even the translations of his prose works suffer, to some extent, from distortion. Digital Anthropology Resources for Teaching, Columbia University and the London School of Economics. A from with ancestral roots in , Tagore wrote poetry as an eight-year-old. Many a morning have I accompanied my father to this Gurudarbar of the Sikhs in the middle of the lake. Regional experts accepted them as the lost works of the fictitious poet. Golpoguchchho has furnished subject matter for numerous successful films and theatrical plays, and its characters are among the most well known to Bengalis.
In May 1926 Tagore reached Naples; the next day he met in Rome. Pandey,1,Sachin Tendulkar,1,SamVeda,1,Sanskrit Shlok,77,Sant Kabeer,13,Saraswati Vandana,1,Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel,1,Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel,3,Sayings and Proverbs,3,Scientist,1,Self Development,25,Self Forgiveness,2,Self-Confidence,3,Self-Help Hindi Articles,42,Shashikant Sharma,1,Shiv Khera,1,Shivmangal Singh Suman,2,Shrimad Bhagwat Geeta,19,Singhasan Battisi,33,Smartphone Etiquette,1,Social Articles,28,Social Networking,2,Socrates,6,Soordas,1,Spiritual Wisdom,1,Sports,1,Sri Ramcharitmanas,1,Sri Sri Ravi Shankar,1,Steve Jobs,1,Strength,2,Subhadra Kumari Chauhan,1,Subhash Chandra Bose,4,Subhashit,35,Subhashitani,36,Success Quotes,1,Success Tips,1,Surya Kant Tripathy Nirala,1,Suvichar,3,Swachha Bharat Abhiyan,1,Swami Dayananda,1,Swami Dayananda Saraswati,1,Swami Ram Tirtha,1,Swami Ramdev,10,Swami Vivekananda,23,T. There the sacred chanting resounds continually. Jorasanko was located in the Bengali section of Calcutta, near Chitpur Road. Bengali culture is fraught with this legacy: from language and arts to history and politics.
Theft of Nobel Prize On 25 March 2004, Tagore's Nobel Prize was stolen from the safety vault of the Visva-Bharati University, along with several other of his belongings. Tagore himself, in his youth, seems to have harbored similar ideas about women. Yet he tried repeatedly to master the art and there are several references to this in his early letters and reminiscence. These destroyed Tagore's image—and book sales—in the United States. Tagore and his wife Mrinalini Devi, 1883 Tagore was raised mostly by servants; his mother had died in his early childhood and his father travelled widely. A week after his 6 November 1924 arrival in Buenos Aires, an ill Tagore shifted to the Villa Miralrío at the behest of. As a , , , and ardent , he denounced the and advocated independence from Britain.
On the occasion of Tagore's 150th birthday, an anthology titled Kalanukromik Rabindra Rachanabali of the total body of his works is currently being published in Bengali in chronological order. तेरा आह्वान सुन कोई ना आए, तो चल तू अकेला, जब सबके मुंह पे पाश. Though he loves his wife, he wishes to stifle her literary career, deeming it unfeminine. He fundraised widely for the school in Europe and the United States between 1919 and 1921. Archived from on 23 May 2007. A period of prolonged agony ended with Tagore's death on 7 August 1941, aged eighty; he was in an upstairs room of the Jorasanko mansion he was raised in.
The letter, written while she is traveling which constitutes the whole story , describes her petty life and struggles. Sen, brother of the first chief election commissioner, received dictation from Tagore on 30 July 1941, a day prior to a scheduled operation: his last poem. Tagore's most innovative and mature poetry embodies his exposure to Bengali rural folk music, which included mystic ballads such as those of the bard. His travelogues, essays, and lectures were compiled into several volumes, including Europe Jatrir Patro Letters from Europe and Manusher Dhormo. In the first, Tagore inscribes Bengali society via its heroine: a rebellious widow who would live for herself alone. इस blog post को अधिक से अधिक share कीजिये और यदि आप ऐसे ही और रोमांचिक articles, tutorials, guides, quotes, thoughts, slogans, stories इत्यादि कुछ भी हिन्दी में पढना चाहते हैं तो हमें subscribe ज़रूर कीजिये. Rabindranath Tagore Poems will give you a lot of motivation and like Rabindranath Tagore you can do a lot in your life.
He received monthly payments as part of his inheritance and income from the Maharaja of , sales of his family's jewellery, his seaside bungalow in , and a derisory 2,000 rupees in book royalties. She also posed in a bikini for the glossy magazine in 1968. The time has come when badges of honour make our shame glaring in their incongruous context of humiliation, and I for my part wish to stand, shorn of all special distinctions, by the side of my country men. Archived from on 22 February 2014. He briefly read law at , but again left school, opting instead for independent study of , and and the of. वह अपने जीवन के पिछले कुछ वर्षों के दौरान शारीरिक रूप से कमजोर हो गए थे । 80 वर्ष की उम्र में 7 ऑगस्ट 1941 को उनका निधन हो गया । Friends, tell me in the comment box how you liked this Rabindranath Tagore Biography in Hindi. Tagore returned to Jorosanko and completed a set of major works by 1877, one of them a long poem in the style of.
Archived from on 4 June 2012. As my days pass in the crowded market of this world and my hands grow full with the daily profits, let me ever feel that I have gained nothing —let me not forget for a moment, let me carry the pangs of this sorrow in my dreams and in my wakeful hours. It is also the place where he spent most of his childhood and where he died on 7 August 1941. After returning to Bengal, Tagore regularly published poems, stories, and novels. उनकी कविताओं से पहले नीचे उनके बारे में संक्षेप में जानकारी दी गयी है.
He channels the lucubrative lust of those mired in the blasé, nidorous, and sudorific morass of subcontinental city life: for distant vistas. In his late sixties, Tagore became fascinated with the visual arts, creating 2,500 paintings and drawings before his death. Com की कोशिश है कि हिंदी पाठकों को उनकी पसंद की हर जानकारी SuvicharHindi. In fact, Sharmila Tagore is more closely related to through her mother: her maternal grandmother Latika Barua née Tagore was the granddaughter of 's brother Dwijendranath Tagore. Over 10,000 visitors come here every year to see the museum from different parts of the country and also from abroad, said Saifur Rahman, assistant director of the Department of Archeology in Khulna.【图片声明：图片来源网络，如有侵权请联系作者删除！】
美国表示，亚马逊和微软公司最终入围其大规模云计算合同的最后一轮竞标，甲骨文和IBM双双出局。最终招标结果至少7月中旬公布。
为了争夺美国价值100亿美元的超级大订单，亚马逊和微软即将一场恶战了。
根据美国周三发布的一份声明，亚马逊和微软是竞争其云服务合约的最后两家竞标者，只有他们达到了最低入围门槛。甲骨文（Oracle）和IBM双双出局。
彭博社称，亚马逊和微软之所以入围联合企业防御基础设施云项目（JEDI），部分原因是他们获得了更高级别的联邦安全许可。
JEDI项目是美国信息技术系统现代化升级的一部分。未来十年，将为该项目投入最多达100亿美元，是美国信息化进程史上最大的一笔合同之一。
美国发言人Elissa Smith表示，五角大楼最初表示将在本月选出中标者，但受到调查、长期的法律纠纷以及合同的规模及复杂性的影响，最终的结果至少等到7月中旬公布。
甲骨文公司曾对一名前亚马逊员工参与过JEDI项目直至离开、返回亚马逊云服务公司表达过担忧。这可能牵涉到一些利益冲突。甲骨
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and among many smaller conurbations the lowest density large cities are Atlanta, Boston, St Louis, Orlando and San Juan. The only real competition the Americans have is with places like Brisbane, Australia, or Quebec City, Canada, both countries with a lot of land and a love of the car. In Europe, down there in the low densities are a number of French urban areas such as Nantes and Toulon, but little else, while the Middle East sneaks in with Saudi Arabia’s Ad Dammam. According to Demographia’s metric, East Asian and South American cities tend not to sprawl at all.
The problem with an average value though, is that it mistakes particular characteristics. For example, London and Athens have very similar average densities, but the Greek city has a far denser core and a much more sprawling suburbia. Some researchers try to overcome these difficulties through additional metrics. Researchers for Smart Growth America introduced mixes of use, presence of “centres”, and accessibility as other factors. Their research was pretty damning for the southern states, with Atlanta, Nashville and Memphis to the bottom of the list.
Elsewhere, Thomas Laidley of NYU recently created a Sprawl Index using aerial imagery. One remarkable aspect was the discovery that Los Angeles is now the densest urban centre in the US. The city which is usually considered the ultimate in sprawl has reached such a consistent intensity of development that there is very little spare land of any kind that could lower its score. Laidley’s index once again gives the worst scores to cities in the deep south: Columbia in South Carolina and Hickory in North Carolina.
Is sprawl so bad?
If it can’t be carefully defined, is sprawl necessarily bad? The great urbanist Lewis Mumford thought so, arguing hysterically in The City in History in 1961 that the endpoint of sprawling megacities was “total human annihilation”, falling victim to technical rationality and the end of organic human existence. Later, characters as ideologically different as the New Urbanists and Richard Rogers would advocate dense, walkable cities with active street life, an anti-sprawl attitude that is now standard in much planning, at least in Britain.
Even as it stands on the cusp of change, the ultimate sprawling city still has to be Los Angeles. Think of the classic view from the Griffith Observatory, looking down at that vast carpet of concrete with its threads of light from the clogged highways. LA is decentred, potentially limitless, and stands for everything terrible about what happens when cities are developed without planning: swathes of low density housing, completely severed by roads, the whole terrain plagued by filthy smog.
Architecture critic Christopher Hawthorne talks of a ‘first’ Los Angeles at the beginning of the 20th century, when it grew much like a European city, before the ‘second’ LA happened post-war: mass-transit was eliminated, the freeway took over, suburbia raced to the edge of the mountains. This created the LA that everyone loves to hate, the “72 suburbs in search of a city” in the words of Dorothy Parker. The ‘third’ LA, which is developing now, is in Hawthorne’s words “having to re-learn the art of sharing the city,” by intensifying its civic culture within its own boundaries, becoming a haven for artists, constructing more collective housing, and with new transport infrastructure that includes walking and cycling.
Others have defended sprawl on its own terms. Architectural historian Reyner Banham wrote the seminal Los Angeles: City of the Four Ecologies in 1972. Excited by its unapologetic modernity, Banham argued that the sprawling quality of LA offered “radical alternatives” to, not deviations from, what was accepted wisdom in urbanism. This refrain was taken up by Jonathan Meades in his 2012 series On France, where he noted sprawl’s prevalence, and mounted a muted defence: “It is not vilified. It is nothing to be ashamed of. Nor is pride taken in it as pride is taken in conventionally elegant towns and orthodoxly pretty villages. Sprawl is accepted, it’s there.”
At the end of the day, sprawl is probably best described as the antithesis of an ideal city type – the compact, efficient pedestrian settlement with a rich civic culture – and thus is an essentially negative term. Advocates for free markets may well argue that sprawl is simply the free and natural result of people’s desire for their own space but in the future, with massive urban growth still to come, is it materially or ecologically possible to sustain 20th century petrol-soaked American sprawl across the world?La sindrome postprandiale idiopatica (IPS) si verifica quando una persona avverte sintomi di ipoglicemia anche se il livello di zucchero nel sangue rientra in un intervallo sano.
Le persone sperimentano questi sintomi entro poche ore dal pasto e i ricercatori non sono chiari sulle cause che ciò accada.
Il termine idiopatico si riferisce a una condizione che si sviluppa da una causa sconosciuta e postprandiale indica sintomi che si verificano dopo aver mangiato.
L’IPS è una condizione con sintomi simili all’ipoglicemia o bassi livelli di zucchero nel sangue. Tuttavia, le persone con IPS non hanno i bassi livelli di zucchero tipici dell’ipoglicemia.
Il diabete e l’ipoglicemia non diabetica si presentano con un livello di zucchero nel sangue clinicamente basso di 70 milligrammi per decilitro (mg/dL) o inferiore, cosa che l’IPS non fa.
L’IPS differisce dall’ipoglicemia nei seguenti modi:
• Le persone con IPS hanno livelli normali di zucchero nel sangue compresi tra 80 e 130 milligrammi per decilitro (mg/dl).
• L’IPS può sconvolgere la vita quotidiana ma è improbabile che causi complicazioni a lungo termine. L’ipoglicemia può portare a condizioni pericolose per la vita, inclusi danni a lungo termine al sistema nervoso e può aumentare il rischio di attacchi di cuore.
I sintomi dell’IPS sono simili all’ipoglicemia ma in genere meno gravi e si verificano solo dopo un pasto.
I sintomi dell’IPS includono:
• tremori da freddo
• sudorazione
• frequenza cardiaca rapida
• debolezza
• cambiamenti di umore
• confusione
• vertigini
• stanchezza
• mal di testa
• visione offuscata
• mancanza di coordinamento
• sonnolenza
• fame
L’IPS è una condizione idiopatica, il che significa che i ricercatori non sanno ancora cosa la causi e la ricerca è in corso.
Alcune prove suggeriscono che i possibili fattori scatenanti dell’IPS possono includere:
• il pancreas produce eccessiva insulina dopo un pasto;
• il corpo è sensibile all’insulina;
• consumare carboidrati raffinati o cibi ad alto indice glicemico;
• bere quantità eccessive di alcol;
• il corpo assorbe i carboidrati troppo velocemente;
• avere un livello di glucosio nel sangue ai livelli più bassi dell’intervallo normale;
• avere un livello di glucosio nel sangue più elevato che scende rapidamente rimanendo nell’intervallo normale;
• condizioni che colpiscono il sistema renale;
• sperimentare stress o ansia;
• il corpo rilascia ormoni catecolamine in risposta allo stress.
Molte persone con IPS potrebbero non aver bisogno di cure mediche. Invece, un medico può raccomandare di modificare la propria dieta per ridurre la possibilità di manifestare sintomi IPS.
Le raccomandazioni dietetiche possono includere:
• consumare più proteine magre, come petto di pollo, fagioli, piselli e lenticchie;
• mangiare cibi ricchi di fibre, come broccoli, mele e grano saraceno;
• consumare grassi sani, come avocado, semi di chia e uova;
• seguire una dieta al pascolo, che prevede il consumo regolare di piccoli pasti durante la giornata con non più di 3 ore tra i pasti;
• evitare pasti abbondanti;
• limitare cibi o bevande ad alto indice glicemico;
• limitare i carboidrati raffinati (glucosio, fruttosio);
• limitare l’assunzione di alcol.
Se i cambiamenti nella dieta non alleviano i sintomi, un medico può raccomandare alcuni farmaci, come gli inibitori dell’alfa-glucosidasi (AGI).
Gli AGI aiutano a ritardare l’assorbimento dei carboidrati nell’intestino tenue, riducendo i livelli di glucosio nel sangue e di insulina postprandiali.
Un articolo di revisione del 2012 rileva che l’uso degli AGI può aiutare a controllare i livelli di glucosio nel sangue nelle persone con IPS e a ridurre i sintomi.
Tuttavia, i dati sull’efficacia di questi farmaci nel trattamento dell’IPS sono scarsi e sono necessarie ulteriori ricerche per determinare se sono utili e sicuri.
Se una persona avverte frequentemente sintomi di ipoglicemia dopo aver mangiato, dovrebbe parlare con un medico. Un medico farà domande sui sintomi e raccoglierà un’anamnesi. Un medico può aiutare a diagnosticare se una persona ha IPS o un’altra condizione.
Non è chiaro il motivo per cui si verifica l’IPS e perché si verifica dopo un pasto. La condizione sembra non avere alcun legame con il basso livello di glucosio nel sangue.
Poiché i ricercatori non conoscono ancora la causa dell’IPS, non ci sono molte opzioni di trattamento. Al momento, un medico può suggerire cambiamenti nella dieta o farmaci per rallentare l’assorbimento dei carboidrati.
Sindrome postprandiale idiopatica
La sindrome postprandiale idiopatica (IPS) si verifica quando una persona avverte sintomi di ipoglicemia anche se il livello di zucchero nel sangue rientra in un intervallo sano.حسین کاظم پور اردبیلی نماینده پیشین ایران در اوپک در سخنانی در نشست پانزدهم دیپلماسی ایرانی با عنوان \"ایران و عربستان در بستر تحولات خاورمیانه\" معتقد است چه در زمان انقلاب و چه در حال حاضر افزایش قیمت نفت با کاهش تولید ما همراه بوده و در نتیجه رقبای نفتی ما سود برده اند.ادامه مطلب
مطالب مرتبط با کلید واژه " و بازار "
ایران و عربستان در بستر تحولات خاورمیانه7种让人不孕不育的危险食品（资料图）
1、胡萝卜抑制排卵
胡萝卜含有丰富的胡萝卜素、多种维生素和对人体有益的其他营养成份。美国新泽西州罗特吉斯医学院的妇科专家研究发现，妇女过量吃胡萝卜后，摄取的大量胡萝卜素会引发闭经和抑制卵巢的正常排卵功能。因此，欲生育的妇女不宜多吃胡萝卜。
2、酒精易引发不育
科学研究证明，酒的主要成份是乙醇，乙醇能使身体里的儿茶酚胺浓度增高，血管痉挛，睾丸发育不全，乃至使睾丸萎缩，生精功能就会产生结构改变，睾丸酮等雄性激素分泌不足，会出现声音变细，乳房增大等女性化表现。这类人易产生男性不育，即便生育，下1代产生畸形的可能性也较大。女性可致使月经不调、闭经、卵子生成变异、无性欲或停止排卵等。
3、毛棉子油可以让卵巢萎缩
长时间食用毛棉子油，可以使人患日晒病，表现症状为晒后发作，全身无力或少汗、皮肤炽热、潮红、心慌气短、头昏眼花、4肢麻痹、食欲消退。更严重的影响是对生殖系统的侵害。实验研究表明，大鼠食用含毛棉子油的饲料4个月左右，睾丸明显缩小，精细胞显著减少乃至消失，子宫缩小，内膜及腺体萎缩，卵巢轻度萎缩，肾实质细胞有轻度浮肿。成年男子服用毛棉子油的提取物棉酚40天，每天60⑺0毫克，短时间内精子全部被杀死，并逐步从精液中消失；女子则可致使闭经或子宫萎缩。故育龄青年不宜长时间食用。贵阳牛皮癣该去那个医院好老人预防白癜风有什么方式枕叶癫痫病专科医院In mezzo all'uragano il pilota postale Fabien continua il suo disperato volo senza ritorno nella notte, mentre all'aereoporto la giovane moglie segue impotente lo sviluppo della tragedia. I voli però devono continuare e all'alba un altro pilota prenderà il posto dello scomparso. Un romanzo lirico ed essenziale sul periodo eroico dell'aviazione narrato dal pilota-scrittore Saint-Exupéry (1900-44).The following tropicals are true annuals that you can either grow from seed or purchase inexpensively as cuttings in the spring. Let them freeze in the fall, then start anew in the spring, or overwinter indoors in full sun for even bigger plants the following year.
The huge, bean-like seeds of the fast-growing castor bean plant (Ricinus communis) should be started indoors, in peat pots, about four to six weeks before the last frost. The big, star-shaped leaves can be green or reddish. The insignificant flowers produce attractive, spiky seed capsules (the seeds are poisonous, so keep well away from children and pets). Overwintering isn't necessary; young plants have larger, more exotic leaves than mature ones.
The newest cultivars of coleus (Solenostemon scutellarioides, syn. Coleus blumei) are more compact, with leaves in a variety of shapes and colours—pinks, reds, yellows, purples, oranges—but insignificant blooms. Pinch off flower stalks; the plant tends to collapse after blooming. Normally thought of as a shade plant, dark-leafed coleus, especially, also thrives in sun. Bring in cuttings; coleus is easy to grow indoors.
Other “annuals” (i.e. plants to be treated as annuals) include copperleaf hibiscus (Hibiscus acetosella ‘Coppertone' syn. ‘Red Shield'), iresine (Iresine herbstii), ornamental sweet potato (purple, golden and variegated cultivars of Ipomoea batatas), Swedish ivy (Plectranthus spp.), Pseuderanthemum spp. and purple heart (Tradescantia pallida ‘Purple Heart', syn. Setcreasea purpurea).
Easy to please
Summer care of tropicals is a snap. Unless it's unusually hot and dry, just douse them thoroughly once a week. They're heavy feeders, though; apply a slow-release houseplant or container fertilizer at the beginning of the season and a soluble fertilizer each time you water. Full sun isn't absolutely necessary; the long days of our northern summers mean that even in partial shade, plants collect plenty of solar energy.
When fall arrives, cut off all food and water to the summer bulbs; cut them back when they die down. The bulbs can be stored indoors for the winter, in their pots, at room temperature or somewhat cooler. Cold rooms are a bit too chilly, even for dormant tropicals.
After the first cool evenings of August or early September, hose down the plants and spray with insecticidal soap before bringing them indoors. They will need lots of sun: place in your brightest windows, keep slightly moist and don't feed again until spring. If the air is dry use a humidifier, or leaves will quickly dry out or be attacked by spider mites. If necessary, give your tropicals a weekly shower to knock off the spider mites before any damage is done—or spray weekly with insecticidal soap.
Tropical exuberance, minimal care: what are you waiting for?Ingredienti: coniglio a pezzi
1 ciuffo di prezzemolo
4 foglie di salvia
1 rametto di rosmarino
1foglia di alloro
1 spicchio d'aglio
½ bicchiere di vino bianco
Olio extravergine d’oliva
pepe
sale
Tempo di preparazione: circa 40 minuti
Preparazione della ricetta "Coniglio arrosto":
Tritate grossolanamente le erbe aromatiche con l'aglio. Mettete i pezzi di coniglio in una terrina, cospargetele con il trito di erbe e bagnate con il vino bianco e 4 cucchiai di olio.
Coprite e fate marinare per circa un'ora.
Mettete i pezzi di coniglio in una teglia, versate il condimento della marinatura.
Infornate a 180°C per circa 40 minuti.Barley Bales have a long history of keeping ponds clear and free of excessive algae. Supposedly, long ago in Europe a Bale of Barley/Straw/Hay fell into a pond and stayed there for a few weeks.
When it was noticed it was apparent that surrounding the Bale the water was clear, a few inches/feet away from the Bale the water again became filled with algae. While the story may or may not be true, it does work. What happens is when Barley, Straw and many other types of grasses become dry they develop a small black fungus. This fungus is the real ‘miracle worker’ of this process. As it breaks down the Barley/Straw it releases a controlled amount of Hydrogen Peroxide which prohibits algae growth. Thus, it is beneficial to have this situated in a spot where it can float in or near flowing water; otherwise the benefit gained from the Bale will be very localized.Alsana Program to Treat Eating Disorders
More than 44 million Americans have a mental health condition as per the report of Mental Health America. The number continues to increase at an alarming rate. What’s even alarming is that it is commonly misunderstood and there is a stigma about it. More people prefer to pay more attention to physical health than mental health when, in fact, the two are equally important. There is a need to change the public perception of mental health. More so, there is a need to modify the healthcare system so as to tackle more about mental health and other conditions that could arise from it.
Eating Disorders Are Linked To Mental Health
The National Eating Disorders Association said that more than 65,000 females and almost 10,000 males in the United States have eating disorders. Most of them will develop anorexia and bulimia – two of the common eating disorders.
Holistic Eating Disorder Treatment
Alsana is a treatment program for eating disorders. It treats the underlying condition using an integrated and holistic approach. Alsana uses the adaptive care model, which comprised of a five-point approach – medical, psychological, nutritional, relational, and movement. This is to make sure that the client will receive holistic care.
Many men and women out there struggle with their own body image. With
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and sent to print.
So essentially, the answer is paperwork. Technically, the real Independence Day is 2nd of July however, It took the Congress two more days to adopt a finalized statement and send it to print. Which is why the date that appears on the declaration is 4th of July, not the second. See the original declaration below and notice the date:
This was used as such by the press, thereby making it imprint in mind of American populace that Independence day is 4th of July. The first official commemoration by continental Congress was also on 4th of July, making it the de-facto Independence day.
Then it was made formally de-jure when Congress passed a law in 1870 to make Independence Day a federal holiday, using the date 4th of July, thereby making it legal and official.ایراس؛
شاید آنگونه که سیاستمداران در واشنگتن و بروکسل اصرار می ورزند، این شروع تازه جنگ سرد نباشد. اما تحریم های تنبیهی علیه روسیه که توسط اتحادیه اروپا و آمریکا در ۲۹ جولای اعلام شد، پایانی بر ۲۵ سال تلاش برای تبدیل مسکو به عنوان شریک غرب بود. اینکه این تحریم ها چقدر ادامه پیدا کند و تا چه حدی شدت یابد، به پاسخ پوتین و بیش از همه به تصمیم وی برای عقب نشینی و انصراف از درگیری های خونین در شرق اوکراین بستگی دارد. وی تاکنون کم ترین نشانه ای از انجام چنین کاری از خود بروز نداده و از سوی دیگر تعارضاتش با غرب و ترجیح وی برای انزوا بیشتر می شود.
پس از ماه ها اقدامات ناهماهنگ، عاقبت آمریکا و اروپا بسته تحریمی سختگیرانه و هماهنگی را ارائه دادند که بانک های دولتی را هدف قرار داده و صادرات فن آوری های نفتی و نظامی به روسیه را ممنوع می کند. خود این تحریم ها به تنهایی روسیه را به زانو در نمی آورند اما می تواند آسیب های جدی به اقتصاد بیمار روسیه وارد کند.
هدف قرار دادن هواپیمای مالزیایی که به احتمال زیاد به دست جدایی طلبان هوادار روس در شرق اوکراین صورت گرفت، نگرش ها را نسبت به پوتین سخت تر کرد. عدم پذیرش مسئولیت از جانب پوتین و ادامه حمایت های نظامی وی از شورشیان پس از این واقعه، رهبران اروپایی و حتی آن تعدادی که با تحریم مخالف بودند را مجاب کرد که راهی جز تنبیه روسیه وجود ندارد.
تحریم ها علیه بانک های دولتی، بزرگ ترین و فوری ترین تهدید علیه اقتصاد روسیه به شمار می رود. به گزارش بلومبرگ، شربانک، گازپروم بانک و Vnesheconombank حدود ۱۵ میلیارد دلار اوراق به دلار، یورو و فرانک سوئیس اختصاص داده اند که تا سه سال دیگر سررسید آنها فرا می رسد. تحریم های جدید کار را برای وام دهندگانی همچون این موسسات برای اعطای وام به بازار پایتخت های غربی دشوار تر می کند. بدون دسترسی به تامین مالی بلند مدت خارجی، دیون آن ها به سختی پرداخت خواهد شد.
جریان سرمایه بین المللی به روسیه کاهش یافته است. دلارهای استقراضی از بانک های خارجی از ۲۵ میلیارد دلار در سال ۲۰۱۳ به ۷.۹ میلیارد دلار در نیمه نخست سال ۲۰۱۴ کاهش یافته است. در نتیجه این امر شرکت های محلی بیشتر به بانک های دولتی روسیه وابسته شده اند. اگرچه بانک های دولتی می توانند برای مدتی روی پس انداز داخلی حساب کنند و شاید هم نیم نگاهی به دیگر منابع تامین مالی داشته باشند اما با وجود همه اینها، پول کمتری برای سرمایه گذاری در دسترس خواهد بود. اگر چین واقعا پولی ارائه کند تنها در ازای دسترسی به منابع طبیعی روسیه خواهد بود.
تحریم ها صادرات انرژی روسیه را هدف قرار نمی دهند. اما تحریم فن آوری های غربی، توانایی روسیه را برای دست یابی به حوزه های جدید در منطقه شمالگان (Arctic) و سایر مناطق محدود می کند که نتیجه آن کاهش احتمالی در درآمدهای حاصل از فروش محصولات هیدروکربنی خواهد بود.
تاکنون پیوندهای اقتصادی روسیه با غرب چندان تحت الشعاع این تحریم ها قرار نگرفته است. آمریکا اسبربانک، بزرگ ترین بانک روسیه و قلب مالی اقتصاد آن را از فهرست تحریم هایش دور نگه داشته است (مشخص نیست که اتحادیه اروپا نیز همین اقدام را صورت داده است یا خیر). محدودیت صادرات فن آوری به بخش نفت، حوزه گاز را دست نخورده باقی گذاشته است که این امر همچنان وابستگی اروپا به گاز روسیه را حفظ می کند. علاوه بر این، اتحادیه اروپا مبادلات دفاعی آینده نه فعلی را مسدود کرده است. فروش ۱.۲ میلیارد یورویی (۱.۶ میلیارد دلاری) ناو جنگی Mistral-class از سوی فرانسه می تواند طبق برنامه ریزی ها انجام شود.
تصادفا یک روز پیش از اعلام تحریم های جدید، یک دادگاه هلندی دستور داد تا روسیه حدود ۵۰ میلیارد دلار به سهام داران شرکت یوکاس برای مصادره این شرکت توسط کرملین در ده سال پیش، غرامت پرداخت کند. مفسران روسی تحریم و حکم دادگاه را بخشی از طرح غربی ها می دانند.
جنگ به هر قیمتی
پوتین اینطور حساب می کرد که دودلی و توجه موقتی غرب به مسائل باعث می شود تا وی بدون خطر و هزینه زیاد، هرکاری را که بخواهد در اوکراین انجام دهد. وی تصور می کرد که با وجود آسیب به روابط دیپلماتیک و اقتصادی، ضمیمه کردن کریمه به روسیه و حفظ نفوذ روی اوکراین، ارزش این ریسک ها را دارد.
مشخص است که هزینه تحمیلی بیش از آن چیزی است که پوتین محاسبه نموده است. اما شاید این هزینه به قدری زیاد نباشد که او را منعطف سازد. دیمیتری ترنین از اندیشکده کارنگی مسکو بر این نظر است که پوتین، امروز برای بقای سیاسی خود می جنگد. رئیس جمهور روسیه فکر می کند باید بین کسب حمایت داخلی از طریق مبارزه یا تسلیم شدن در مقابل فشارهای بین المللی و احتمالا از دست دادن همه چیز یکی را انتخاب کند. در روزهای پس از حادثه سقوط هواپیمای MH۱۷ مشخص شد که پوتین هواداران سیاسی خود را برای یک نبرد طولانی آماده کرده است.
جو فعلی در مسکو طوری است که از انزوا استقبال می شود. نمایندگان دومای روسیه به منظور تشویق مصرف کنندگان برای استفاده از محصولات داخلی، از مزایای صنایع داخلی به شکل اغراق آمیزی تعریف می کنند. یک اقتصاددان به نام ولادیسلاو اینوزمستوف، قدرت پوتین را وابسته به رشد اقتصادی یا حتی میزان حقوق و دستمزدها نمی داند. وقتی هم که مشکلات خودی نشان می دهند، تقصیرها گردن غرب انداخته می شود. ماشین تبلیغات و پروپاگاندای روسیه همچنان قدرتمند است. نتایج نظرسنجی مرکز لودا نشان می دهد ۸۲ درصد از مردم روس بر این نظرند که نیروهای اوکراینی مسئول سقوط هواپیمای MH۱۷ بوده اند.
برخی از نخبگان سیاسی و اقتصادی نسبت به مسیری که روسیه در پیش گرفته تردید دارند، اما به قدری به کرملین وابسته هستند که نمی توانند علنا آنرا اعلام کنند. برای مثال مدیران بانک های دولتی از اینکه منابع تامین مالی بلندمدت خود در غرب را از دست دهند چندان خشنود نیستند، اما می دانند برای اینکه از سد مشکلات پیش روی عبور نمایند به حمایت های مالی دولت نیازمند هستند.
با در نظر گرفتن دیدگاه آقای پوتین در مواجه با غرب، اگر تنش ها افزایش یابد چندان جای شگفتی نیست. پوتین بر این باور است که آینده سیاسی وی وابسته به دفاع از نفوذ منطقه ای روسیه است - این درسی است که وی از سقوط اتحاد جماهیر شوروی گرفته است. کابوس بزرگ پوتین، شکست شورشیان بدون منفعتی برای روسیه است. او ترجیح می دهد به جای اینکه شبیه میخائیل گورباچف باشد، یک چهره منفور جهانی باقی بماند.منبع:
اقتصاد ایرانیانتهای متن/Report Suggests Solar at Grid Parity Tipping Point
A new academic study published last week suggests that solar energy has already reached grid parity in some areas in North America and is therefore poised to move into the mainstream.
The study, 'A Review of Solar Photovoltaic Levelized Cost of Electricity', was co-authored by Joshua Pearce of Michigan Technological University and Kadra Branker and Michael Pathak of Queen´s University in Kingston, Ontario. It was published in Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. You can read an abstract of the study here.
The study focuses on the assumptions behind many of the past studies of the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) facing the solar industry and argues that falling costs combined with more accurate assumptions behind the LCOE calculations can provide numbers that are in line with what consumers in many areas pay for electricity - which is one definition of Grid Parity.
According to a report in R&D magazine, Mr Pearce made the following statement -
"Many analysts project a higher cost for solar photovoltaic energy because they don't consider recent technological advancements and price reductions.... Older models for determining solar photovoltaic energy costs are too conservative."
The question of LCOEs and Grid Parity is surrounded by many fairly intensely debated questions. However, there can be little doubt that the LCOE for solar has been falling. The costs that go into calculating the LCOE include:
- The cost of solar photovoltaic panels themselves
- Balance of System costs
- Installation and maintenance costs
- Finance costs
- The system´s life expectancy and efficiency over its lifetime
- Solarization and the amount of electricity produced
The study raises issues with the assumptions of previous studies in most of these areas. However, Pearce particularly points to two important factors which have ensured that the LCOE metrics for solar systems have been improving. Firstly, he argues that previous studies don’t consider 'the 70% reduction in the cost of solar panels since 2009'. Moreover, R&D magazine reports Pearce as suggesting that 'research now shows the productivity of top-of-the-line solar panels only drops between 0.1 and 0.2% annually, which is much less than the one per cent used in many cost analyses'.
Pearce´s results are likely to be hotly debated. However, he has correctly emphasized the direction in which solar is rapidly moving. In conclusion, he states that he 'believes solar photovoltaic systems are near the "tipping point" where they can produce energy for about the same price as other traditional sources of energy'.
Finally, from our perspective, all of this is certainly encouraging given that we are once again bullish on the solar sector. We would simply repeat our conclusions from last week following the purchase of the Topaz Solar Farm by Warren Buffett:
'...this latest bullish news follows a series of bullish factors that have led us to recommend long solar positions again after having been flat for many months:
- The latest data points to blistering demand in the US - more detail here
- Likewise, China and Asia are showing extremely strong demand growth - see our previous article on this here
- The major Chinese players have drawn a halt to their excessively aggressive capacity expansion plans - more detail here.
Taken together, these factors should allow the supply-demand imbalance currently facing the industry to be eroded as 2012 progresses'.
Disclosure: I have no positions in the stocks discussed.
About the Author: Clean Energy Intel is a free investment advisory service (available at www.cleanenergyintel.com), produced by a retired hedge fund strategist who also manages his own money inside a clean energy investment fund.Champions League, terzo turno qualificazione. Info, analisi e pronostico di Midtjylland-Young Boys, mercoledì 16 settembre alle ore 20:30. Scopri la nostra previsione.
Presentazione:
Il match tra Midtjylland e Young Boys in programma mercoledì 16 settembre alle ore 20:30 è valido per il terzo turno di qualificazione al girone di Champions League 2020-21
Info e analisi di Midtjylland-Young Boys:
Il Midtjylland è una squadra danese nata piuttosto recentemente, ovvero il 1° luglio 1999 dalla fusione di due club, quali Ikast FS e l’Herning Fremad. È allenata da un tecnico danese, di nome Brian Priske. Negli ultimi anni è riuscita a costruirsi un suo percorso nella storia danese, riuscendo a vincere tre campionati, di cui l’ultimo proprio nell’ultima stagione 2019-20. Oltre a ciò annovera anche una Coppa di Danimarca conquistata nella stagione scorsa, 2018-19.
L’ultima stagione non l’ha iniziata proprio bene, dato che ha perso in trasferta contro il Sønderjysk per 0-2. Quest’oggi ha l’opportunità di rifarsi, di fronte ad una formazione più esperta e di qualità superiore.
Lo Young Boys è una formazione svizzera che negli ultimi anni ha partecipato anche alla Champions League, affrontando la Juventus nella fase a gironi. È reduce da un’ottima ultima stagione, la 2019-20, nella quale ha vinto il suo quattordicesimo titolo della storia in Svizzera, oltre ad aver vinto per la settima volta la coppa nazionale.
Nell’ultima stagione dopo aver perso ai playoff di Champions League è entrata nei gironi di Europa League, ma è uscita come terza e senza aver avuto la possibilità di disputare i playoff.
Midtjylland-Young Boys, il pronostico
Per questa sfida di Champions League diamo favoriti gli ospiti, anche se con qualche riserva. Quindi proponiamo un 12 condito da Over 2.5 e Goal.Where does Scrooge spend Christmas Day?
Scrooge buys a prize turkey and has it delivered to the Cratchits, goes to church, walks the streets of London greeting passers-by, contributes a significant amount of money to the poor, and ends the day singing and playing games at his nephew Fred’s dinner party.
Where did Scrooge spend Christmas as a child?
Mr. Scrooge reports that he spent most of his childhood in boarding school. He was often isolated and forgotten by his family. He felt and still believes that his father did not care much for him.
Where did Scrooge have Christmas dinner?
Then he dresses and goes out into the street where he meets one of the charity collectors from the previous day. Scrooge whispers his donation to the man, who is very grateful. Then Scrooge goes to church and at last to his nephew Fred’s for Christmas dinner.
How did Scrooge spend Christmas evening?
A mean-spirited, miserly old man named Ebenezer Scrooge sits in his counting-house on a frigid Christmas Eve. His clerk, Bob Cratchit, shivers in the anteroom because Scrooge refuses to spend money on heating coals for a fire.
How did Scrooge spend Christmas as a boy?
He spent the holiday alone, as a boy, abandoned at school by his family. His fiancée, Belle, broke up with him at Christmas because he was getting too greedy. Finally, Marley, his only friend, died on Christmas as well.
Where does Scrooge go first on Christmas Day?
Scrooge sends a young boy to buy a turkey on Christmas Day, which he plans to send to the Cratchit’s as a surprise.
What did Scrooge remember on Christmas morning?
When Scrooge awoke the next morning he remembered the three ghosts and he also remembered what he had seen. It was Christmas morning. He thought “What a wonderful morning!” then he jumped out of bed and he smiled!
Does Bob Cratchit work on Christmas Day?
In A Christmas Carol, Bob Cratchit works for Ebenezer Scrooge, where he is paid a pittance for his services.Defining Sex Trafficking
Within 48 hours of running away, one in three adolescents will likely be solicited for commercial sex. (National Runaway Switchboard)
Sex Trafficking– Any commercial sex act induced by force, fraud or coercion OR when the person is under 18 years old (regardless of evident coercion).
Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children- Sexual activity with a child (under 18) in exchange for money, goods, services or anything of value (or the promise of something valuable) where one or more parties benefit from the exchange.
Domestic Minor Sex Trafficking– The commercial exploitation of American children within the borders of the US.
Survival Sex- The exchange of sex acts to meet basic needs, i.e. food, clothing, shelter, drugs, or money. Survival sex is common among homeless youth.پس از اینکه خانواده اش به طرز وحشیانه ای به قتل رسیدند و خواهرش به یبه یک دیو تبدیل شد، سفر تانجیرو کمادو به عنوان یک آدم کش شیطان آغاز شد. تانژیرو و همرزمانش در مسیر ناامیدی ماموریت جدیدی را با قطر موگن آغاز می کند.
زیرنویس هماهنگ با نسخه BluRay اضافه شد.
نسخه ویژه ای از نمایش موزیکال برادوی، که در آن صاحب بودگا احساسات مختلفی در مورد بستن فروشگاه خود و بازنشستگی در جمهوری دومنیکن پس از به ارث بردن ثروت مادربزرگ دارد.
زیرنویس هماهنگ با نسخه BluRay اضافه شد.
"گروه بد" از گروه های نخبه و آزمایشی راه خود را از طریق یک کهکشان همیشه در حال تغییر بلافاصله پس از جنگ کلون باز می کنند.
زیرنویس فارسی قسمت 16 فصل اول اضافه شد
اریک یک افسر زندان است که سعی می کند از افراد متهمش محافظت کند. وقتی یکی از خطرناک ترین زندانیان ضعف او را تشخیص می دهد، اریک با انتخاب غیرممکن بین اصول و عشق به خانواده روبرو می شود.
زیرنویس فارسی قسمت 3 (آخر) فصل اول اضافه شد
سریالی جدید در دنیای مارول متمرکز بر روی شخصیت لوکی
زیرنویس فارسی قسمت 6 فصل اول اضافه شدad esempio... PRIMA
Ladies and Gentlemen, vi presento il Genio Grande. In questa foto lo potete vedere mentre esprime la sua esuberanza in un volo d'angelo fronte-onde, indossando costume e - non meno importante - i suoi adorati e costosissimi occhiali da sole di marca.
DOPO
Qui vedete lo stesso uomo dopo che un'onda di 15 metri (!) gli ha strappato di dosso il costume (ma quello l'ha ritirato su...) e i suddetti occhiali, che ora probabilmente vagano al largo del Senegal come una bottiglia senza nessun messaggio dentro. Gli occhialetti gialli supertruzzi sono ovviamente una mia idea!!Trapianto di faccia da record negli Stati Uniti: è il più esteso mai effettuato. L’Università del Meryland, a Baltimora, ha annunciato di aver trapi
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از هشتگ های موقعیت مکانی استفاده کنید
مانند هر برنامه دیگری، کاربران در توییتر نیز دوست دارند از مکان شخصی که توییت می کند بدانند. به همین دلیل است که کاربرانی که می خواهند توییت هایشان بیشتر دیده شود، قدرت استفاده از هشتگ های خاص مکان را دست کم نمی گیرند. شما همچنین می توانید از این ابزار برای کسب و کار محلی خود استفاده کنید. یعنی به کاربران نشان دهید که کسب و کار شما در کجا قرار دارد. علاوه بر این، استفاده از هشتگ حاوی مکان به کاربرانی که در همان مکانی هستند که شما را زودتر پیدا میکنند، کمک میکند. برای استفاده از این ابزار کافیست نام شهر یا محل سکونت خود را بعد از علامت # تایپ کنید.
هشتگ ها را متعادل کنید
یک سری از هشتگ ها مانند کیک بسیار پرکاربرد هستند و کاربران مختلف توییت هایی در آن زمینه منتشر می کنند. اگر فقط از این هشتگ ها استفاده کنید، پیدا کردن توییت شما در میان توییت های دیگر برای مخاطبان دشوارتر می شود. در نتیجه، مخاطبان کمتری توییت شما را خواهند دید. همچنین هشتگ هایی وجود دارند که به یک موضوع تخصصی اشاره می کنند، مثلاً کیک شکلاتی که توییت های آن تا حدودی کمتر از هشتگ های محبوب است. باید تعادلی بین استفاده از هشتگ های بسیار محبوب و هشتگ های کوچکتر پیدا کنید تا توییت های شما بیشتر دیده شوند. این مهارت را باید با آزمون و خطا و آزمایش هسته های مختلف به دست آورید.
تجزیه و تحلیل و تجزیه و تحلیل هشتگ های توییتر
هنگامی که شروع به استفاده منظم از هشتگ کردید، وقت آن است که آن را تجزیه و تحلیل کنید تجزیه و تحلیل هشتگ توییتر می رسد. بررسی کنید که کدام هشتگ ها با توجه به بازدیدهای توییت موفق تر بوده اند. پس از آن، از هشتگ های بیشتری استفاده کنید که برای توییت های شما مفید بودند. همچنین برخی از ابزارهای آنلاین مانند Statusbrew می توانند به شما گزارش دهند و نتایج استفاده از هشتگ ها را در روزهای مختلف مشاهده کنند.
نظرات و پیشنهادات شما؟
در مقاله امروز به سوال نحوه استفاده از هشتگ در توییتر پاسخ دادیم و به بررسی نکات مهم استفاده از هشتگ در توییتر پرداختیم. چه نکات دیگری را می دانید که می تواند اثربخشی هشتگ ها را در توییتر افزایش دهد؟ می توانید نظرات، پیشنهادات و تجربیات خود را در مورد نحوه کار با هشتگ در توییتر در قسمت نظرات به اشتراک بگذارید.bayseyyah ;
nerden duydun bunu.
bayseyyah ;
nerden duydun bunu.
şu gün için böyle bir şey yok medyada bununla ilgili hiç bir yazı görmedim..
kulaktan duyma bir bilgi bu bende akıbetini araştırıyorum ..
Engelliler için emekliliği mümkün olduğunca zorlaştıran bir hükümetten böyle bir yaklaşımın olabileceğini düşünebiliyor musunuz?
Açıkçası ben düşünemiyorum..
Fısıltı gazetesine inanmayın..A tongue-smoking red chili may stay out of hot water thanks to a new botanical area in Arizona, the first in the U.S. set aside to protect wild relatives of domesticated crops. The botanical area — a four-square-mile parcel in the Coronado National Forest, 50 miles south of Tucson — was officially dedicated to the preservation of the red-hot chiltepine last month.
Photo by Jesús García.
For more than 8,000 years, wild pea-sized chiltepines have grown in the Caribbean, Mexico, Peru, and the southwestern U.S. Now cattle grazing and fire threaten to eliminate the northernmost population of the chiltepines, a genetically hardy strain that has survived in a harsh climate along Arizona’s mountainous southern fringe. “The chiltepines that grow here may contain the genes for disease and pest resistance, or drought and frost tolerance,” says the botanical area’s project director, Suzanne Nelson of Native Seeds/SEARCH in Tucson, Ariz.
Special protection for chiltepine habitat is critical, Nelson says, because the plants have never been successfully harvested for more than three years in cultivated plots. Chiltepine plants grow under the shelter of nurse trees like mesquite, oak, and palmetto, which shield the chilis from sun, heat, frost, and nibblers like goats, cattle, and deer. The new botanical area’s high altitude, in addition to deterring some chili-munching animals, cuts down the chance of fire. Fire doesn’t harm the chilis directly, but it wreaks havoc on sensitive hackberries, a fruit-bearing nurse tree under which chilis like to grow.
Photo by Native Seeds/SEARCH.
Harvesters, or chiltepineros, pick an estimated 30 tons of chiltepines a year for salsa and stews, insect and bear sprays, and medicines to treat indigestion, arthritis, and mouth cancer. If we don’t protect the chiltepines in Arizona, “we could miss out on even more uses,” says Nelson.
The nonprofit Native Seeds/SEARCH — a seed conservation group that strives to protect the traditional farming methods of native peoples in the southwestern U.S. and northern Mexico — lobbied for creation of the wild chili botanical area. It struck up an agreement with the federal government that will let the group monitor the plant population, collect seeds, and conduct research on the land. The organization will also use the area as a training ground for natural resource managers from Mexico and elsewhere, building a network of people who can collaborate to solve common crop problems across international borders.
Photo by Josh Tewksbury.
Though there are between 2,000 and 3,000 domesticated varieties of chilis growing worldwide, chiltepines are one of only 23 wild species. “[Chiltepines] are the basis for virtually all the peppers we eat in this country,” says University of Montana chiltepine researcher Joshua Tewksbury. “Bell peppers, jalapeños, serranos, you name it — this little pepper is where they all came from.” Still, it’s the chiltepine’s heat that has earned it the moniker “the mother of all chilis.” The sinus-clearing power of this little firecracker makes it the third hottest chili in the world, behind only the habanero and Bahamian.
“Hell-fire in my mouth” is how 18th-century missionary Padre Ignaz Pfeffercorn, stationed near the present-day Arizona-Mexico border, described his introduction to chiltepines. “After the first mouthful the tears started to come,” Pfeffercorn said. “I could not say a word. However, one becomes accustomed to it after frequent bold victories, so that with time the dish becomes tolerable and finally very agreeable.”Discovered in 1881, "Unknown Man E" this mummy baffled. He was very unusual because he appears to have been embalmed quickly, without removing the brain and viscera, sewn into goatskin (sign of disgrace/unclean), hands and feet bound, and placed in a cedar box, the interior of which had to be crudely hacked to widen it, and wearing golden earrings that shows status. He was 18. He might have still been alive and left to agonize. No embalmer's incision was found. He was from around 1200 BC. It was first thought he was poisoned and in agony but it appeared that he might have been buried alive and asphyxiated.
For over 100 years, this case remained very unusual and most curious. The case hasn't been closed, but we have learned something about retribution in 1200 BC Era among the burial sites of kings.
Radiology of the mummy“Raspberry 路试” (Raspberry Road Test) 挑战活动现已在全球启动，主题是：“您会使用Raspberry Pi电脑实现怎样的创新？” 设计人员和爱好者可通过e络盟社区www.element14.com/roadtest注册，并提交将使用这个卡片般大小的电脑所创造的新意念，即可参加这项挑战。挑战的优胜者将于2012年3月14日 “圆周率日” (Pi Day) 评选出。
e络盟路试活动现已在社区成员中越来越流行。参加者会收到e络盟送出的一个器件来进行测试及评估，然后在社区及自己的博客和论坛上说明测试的进展、发现和创新。这些信息和评论不但能够连系设计人员，而且还可以让他们获得启发。
自e络盟最近建立Raspberry Pi 群组及上周正式发布这个新产品以来，网站的流量已经增加了30倍。此外，操作系统软件的下载也超过了3万次，累积文件传输量超过30兆兆字节。
要了解有关“Raspberry 路试”挑战的更多信息，请访问网页www.element14.com/roadtest。要加入Raspberry Pi的讨论，请访问网页element14 community。Garlic likes temperate climates where winters are not too cold or too humid, as its roots can rot if they get too wet.
The growing season is usually end of Spring to start of Autumn and it requires an optimum temperature range of between 13 and 24 °C, though it can tolerate, up to a certain point, minimum temperatures of 7 °C and maximum temperatures of 30 °C. However, it should be noted that temperature is a key factor in correct bulb formation.
Bearing this in mind, we will talk about the main garlic producers globally and in Mexico and the USA in order to understood more about where the garlic we eat comes from.
China leads the world’s garlic production, accounting for 73.8% of world production, followed by India with 10.4%, Bangladesh with 1.7%, South Korea with 1.3% and Egypt with 1.2%. China’s production rose to 20,712,087 tonnes in 2020, produced from 825,302 hectares, which means the average yield was 25.1 tonnes per hectare.
On the continent of America, garlic is produced mainly in the USA, Brazil, Argentina, Peru, Mexico, Guatemala and Chile, with the USA getting the best yield of this crop, at 17.6 tonnes per hectare.
In 2020, Mexico’s main garlic producing states were Zacatecas (56.4%), Guanajuato (15.6%), Puebla (6.6%), Sonora (5.0) and Aguascalientes (3.5%). Zacatecas, the nation’s leading garlic producer, produced 48,915 tonnes, an increase of 13.4% on production in 2019, when 43,136 tonnes were produced.
The area of garlic harvested was 3,060 hectares, so the yield was 16.0 tonnes per hectare, the average price was 16,177 pesos per tonne and the overall production value was 791 million pesos. The five main producing municipalities in Zacatecas are Villa de Cos, Calera, Guadalupe, Fresnillo and Pánuco.
In Guanajuato, the main producer is Juventino Rosas, in Puebla it is San Gabriel Chilac, in Sonora Arizpe and in Aguascalientes Rincón de Romos.I set out a bunch of stations where children can pretend to be scientists with Peeps sweet treats. Most of my ideas came from a lovely packet of science ideas found at the site Teachers Pay Teachers. It was totally worth the $3! I only made a few adjustments and added only one additional science station.
To start us off thinking like scientists I handed out one peep to every child. We talked about the smell of the Peep, its taste, and its feel. The children then recorded their words with a pencil in their personal "Peep Journal." Next, I handed each child a Ziploc bag with 3 Peeps and told them to explore the different stations using their journal.
MEASUREMENT STATION - At this station the children observed what type of Peeps they had (rabbit or duck). Then they chose one Peep to weigh on a kitchen scale (in grams, of course). They also used a ruler to measure the length and width of their marshmallow friend.
PEEPS IN A POND - The children had to hypothesis what would happen to a Peep in the following liquids: water, lemon-lime soda, baking soda and vinegar. I had some Peeps set aside just for this station. The children could then draw a picture or write what happened to each Peep. (Note: This was a great station but I don't think I would use the baking soda and vinegar again. It didn't seem to do anything but bubble when they were first combined. I would try to find another liquid to use here.)
FREEZING PEEPS - I am lucky that there is a small refrigerator in my library's meeting room. I froze some Peeps at home in small Ziploc bags. I brought them in that day and placed them in the tiny freezer compartment of the fridge. The children had to hypothesis what they thought would happen to a Peep when frozen, then explain in writing or a picture why or why not their hypothesis was correct. The parents were especially impressed with the state of a frozen Peep.
HOW MANY DOMINOES? - How many dominoes will it take to make a Peep sink? Children needed to hypothesize and then experiment with the dominoes in the water. (Note: Make sure your dominoes sink. I knew my dominoes had home would, but the ones at work did not. A learning opportunity for everyone!)
PEEP STRUCTURES - Build a tall structure using marshmallows and toothpicks. (Note: I used the less pricey mini marshmallows here for the building, so the children could go crazy with height. But that did not stop the children from adding a Peep or two to their finished products.)
Overall, this was a fun program to do with the children. Most of the parents were also having fun. It was easy to put together, although the Peeps can get expensive if you have a large group.Just seeing the term "organic" on a label causes many consumers to believe a food is healthier as well as lower in calories.
A study conducted by Cornell University's Food and Brand Lab recruited115 people from a local shopping mall. Participants were asked to evaluate three pairs of products two yogurts, two cookies and two portions of potato chips. One item from each food pair was labeled "organic," while the other was labeled "regular."
"Even though these foods were all the same, the 'organic' label greatly influenced people's perceptions. The cookies and yogurt were estimated to have significantly fewer calories when labeled 'organic' and people were willing to pay up to 23.4 percent more for them."
Additionally, foods labeled organic were thought to be lower in fat and more nutritious. And, get this, the so-called organic chips seemed more appetizing and the yogurt was judged to be more flavorful. " 'Regular' cookies were reported to taste better possibly because people often believe healthy foods are not tasty."
Best advice: Read labels and be skeptical of packaged or processed food claims.
Modify Diet and Exercise at the Same Time to Get Best Results
Many weight-loss programs encourage participants to focus on diet first and then eventually exercise. But researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine found that changing diet and exercise at the same time "gives a bigger boost than tackling them sequentially."
"It may be particularly useful to start both at the same time," said Abby King, Ph.D., lead author of the study and a professor of health research and policy and of medicine. "If you need to start with one, consider starting with physical activity first."
According to the news release, "Despite the challenge of making multiple changes to their already-busy routines at once, those who began changing diet and exercise habits at the same time were most likely to meet national guidelines for exercise 150 minutes per week and nutrition five to nine servings of fruit and vegetables daily, and keeping calories from saturated fats at 10 percent or less of their total intake. Those who started with exercise first did a good job of meeting both the exercise and diet goals, though not quite as good as those who focused on diet and exercise simultaneously."
Another study from researchers at Ohio State University's College of Public Health found that adults who "prepare their own meals and exercise on the same day are likely spending more time on one of those activities at the expense of the other." Researchers reported that a 10-minute increase in food-preparation time was associated with a lower probability of exercising for 10 more minutes.
The take-home message from both of these studies is that you need to carefully plan and schedule healthy behaviors until they become automatic habits. Yes, exercise and food preparation (which leads to healthier eating) both involve an investment in time; however, with the proper planning (e.g., batch cooking, see: dietdetective.com/weekly-column/fast-and-healthy-home-cooking; making exercise a utility, such as walking to the post office every time you need to mail a letter, see dietdetective.com/weekly-column/walk-your-health-great-tips-i-know-y...) and commitment you can incorporate both permanently.
Group Rewards Lead to Better Weight Loss
Attaching financial incentives to group weight loss led to significantly greater weight loss than cash awards based on an individual's success in losing weight on his or her own, say researchers at the University of Pennsylvania's Perelman School of Medicine. The study "compared two weight-loss incentive strategies. The first strategy paid individual employees $100 per month for each month that they met their weight-loss goals. The second strategy offered groups of five people $500 per month for each month they met their goals. In the second group, employees who met their goals received the balance of money unearned by employees who did not meet their goals. [Meaning that if three of the five in the group met their goals they'd get to split the $200 left over from the two who didn't meet their goal.] At the end of the six-month study, the group cash incentive led to a weight loss that was approximately 7 pounds greater than the individual cash incentive."
Try to set up group weight-loss incentives where losers take all. See healthywage.com and dietbet.com
Close the Menu NOW and You Can Save Calories and Eat Healthier
According to research appearing in the Journal of Consumer Research, those who feel completion in their decision-making process tend to be happier with that decision. According to the news release: "In a series of studies, consumers who were asked to choose from a large selection of products (chocolates, teas, biscuits) then either performed or didn't perform a physical act of closure. In one study, consumers were asked to choose one of 24 chocolates displayed on a tray covered by a lid and then either put the lid back on the tray or not
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Eckert and Mauchly so testified, so that Sperry Rand's attorney Wobesmith summarized Mauchly's testimony to that effect in 1954.
- Harry Huskey, of the Moore School staff, operated the ENIAC machine, from April 15 to April 19, 1946, to generate a table of sines and cosines and this use was called to the attention of Libman, the Army Ordnance attorney who prepared and filed the ENIAC patent application for Eckert and Mauchly, prior to that filing. Eckert and Mauchly did not evaluate the results of Huskey's calculations to determine whether or not any changes in the ENIAC design were necessary in the light of the results obtained, nor were any changes ever recommended or made by them or for them.
- The constant practical use of the ENIAC machine after December 1, 1945, was a non-experimental public use of the claimed invention disclosed on the ENIAC patent prior to the critical date, and an absolute statutory bar to the valid issuance of the ENIAC patent.
- Eckert and Mauchly took commercial advantage of the Army Ordnance's public uses of the ENIAC machine and also place the ENIAC machine in public use themselves by demonstrating it to potential customers as a part of their attempts to commercialize the ENIAC machine subject matter prior to the critical date.
- Eckert and Mauchly intended that the widespread publicity to be gained for them personally from the ENIAC press demonstration, dedication and open house in February, 1946, would advance their private commercial business interests.
- More than one year prior to the June 26, 1947 filing date of the ENIAC patent, beginning at least as early as the fall of 1944, Eckert and Mauchly placed the claimed invention disclosed in the ENIAC patent in public use and on sale by describing and demonstrating the ENIAC machine to their intended customers for their own commercial gain.
- Eckert and Mauchly took full private advantage of the publicity and dedication activities as a convenient forum for their solicitation of future computing machine contracts from governmental agencies.
- During the fall of 1944, Mauchly called on various potential customers to determine the business prospects for selling high-speed computing or data processing machines. Prior to October, 1944, the ENIAC two accumulator system had been successfully built and operated. The completion of the ENIAC two-accumulator system gave Eckert and Mauchly a tool by which they could convince potential customers that a high-speed computing or data processing machine could in fact be successfully built.
- Army Ordnance's contract (W-670-ORD-4926) for the ENIAC project work required the University of Pennsylvania to grant the U.S. Government a royalty-free license under all patents arising from the work done under the contract. However, since the employment agreements of the engineers working on the ENIAC project did not clearly require any assignment of their invention rights to the University of Pennsylvania, the University was not in a position to grant the government such a license.
- Prior to March, 1945, Eckert and Mauchly sought advice from George A. Smith, a patent attorney, on methods of securing for themselves the commercial invention rights arising form the work under the Army Ordnance contract. Pursuant to his advice, Eckert and Mauchly asked the University of Pennsylvania for the right to have their own patent attorney file patent applications in their names on ideas arising out of the work on the project. During March, 1945, Eckert and Mauchly pressed for recognition of their commercial interests by the University of Pennsylvania in return for assurances that they would help the University fulfill its obligations under the contract. Facing the fat that it would require the cooperation of Eckert and Mauchly to fulfill its contractual obligations to the U.S. Government, the University yielded the commercial rights to any patents they might obtain based on the work on the contract.
- Mauchly was in personal contact with personnel of the U.S. Weather Bureau as early as April, 1945, to learn their computing needs and to discuss the ENIAC and future work with them. Eckert and Mauchly also followed up their business prospects at the U.S. Census Bureau throughout the summer of 1945.
- On other occasions during 1945, Eckert and Mauchly called on about a dozen Census Bureau officials including Everett, Kimball, Jr., Dr. Madow, Morris H. Hansen, and James L. McPherson, in order to interest them in high-speed computing or data processing machines. Hansen assigned McPherson the task of evaluating Eckert and Mauchly's proposals regarding such a high-speed computing or data processing machine. As a result of this assignment, McPherson held meetings from time to time with Eckert and Mauchly at the Census Bureau. During the meetings with McPherson and other census officials, Eckert and Mauchly described the ENIAC and sought a contract to develop a similar but more advanced machine for the Census Bureau.
- In order to interest potential financial backers Earnest Cuneo and Lazar Teper in the financial backing of an Eckert-Mauchly computer company, Eckert and Mauchly displayed the ENIAC machine to them in January, 1946.
- Eckert and Mauchly early sought private business advantage from the fact of the ENIAC machine's completion by the Moore School in 1945 and its constant practical use thereafter by Army Ordnance. For example, on February 15, 1946, Commander Reichelderfer of the U.S. Weather Bureau attended the ENIAC dedication and dinner on behalf of the U.S. Weather Bureau, being seated at Mauchly's table at Mauchly's request. Mauchly's purpose in having Reichelderfer present was one of private self-interest to advance his business enterprise plans, held jointly by Eckert, by using the occasion of the ENIAC dedication as a business promotion effort. During the dedication, Reichelderfer and the other guests witnessed a demonstration of the ENIAC machine. Thereafter, on February 21, 1946, Eckert and Mauchly again demonstrated the ENIAC machine for Reichelderfer's associates Dr. Harry Wexler and Jerome Namias of the U.S. Weather Bureau, and discussed with them the possible constructions of a similar computer for weather purposes. The contacts with and demonstrations for Reichelderfer, Namias and Wexler were attempt to commercialize the invention embodied in the ENIAC machine prior to the critical date, and resulted in non-experimental public uses of the claimed invention disclosed in the ENIAC patent prior to the critical date, constituting an absolute bar to the issuance of the ENIAC patent.
- By mid-March, 1946, Eckert and Mauchly had put out a number of commercial feelers, and were actively pursuing them. For example, on March 20, 1946, in order to promote their sale of a high-speed computing or data processing machine, Eckert and Mauchly made a presentation to the Committee on Tabulation Methods and Mechanical Equipment of the U.S. Census Bureau.
- On March 22, 1946, Dean Pender of the University of Pennsylvania demanded that Eckert and Mauchly either subjugate their personal commercial interests to the interests of the University or have their employment by the University terminated. On or about March 22, 1946, Eckert and Mauchly submitted their resignations from the University of Pennsylvania to take effect March 31, 1946.
- On April 2, 1946, two days after their resignations from the University of Pennsylvania became effective, Eckert and Mauchly met with representatives of the Weather Bureau, Census Bureau, and Bureau of Standards. During that meeting, Eckert again described the ENIAC machine.
- In order to promote their proposed sale of a computing machine, Eckert and Mauchly invited representatives of the Census Bureau and National Bureau of Standards to witness a demonstration of the ENIAC machine. The demonstration, held April 11, 1946, was attended by Eckert and Mauchly, Dr. John H. Curtiss representing the National Bureau of Standards, and Messrs. A.A. Berlinsky, J.F. Bosen, Morris H. Hansen, and James L. McPherson, representing the Census Bureau. During the April 11, 1946, demonstration, the ENIAC machine was set up and running while its operation was explained. The April 11, 1946, ENIAC demonstration was an essential part of Eckert and Mauchly's implementation of the plan to exploit electronic computing or data processing machines commercially.
- Following the April 11, 1946, ENIAC machine demonstration, Eckert and Mauchly agreed to submit to the Census Bureau a set of specifications which could be included in any contract which the Bureau would award them. The April 11, 1946, ENIAC demonstration and Eckert and Mauchly's descriptions of the ENIAC machine were Curtiss' principal sources of information about electronic computing and Eckert and Mauchly's principal credentials for competence and credibility. On or about April 30, 1946, Eckert and Mauchly submitted some tentative specifications of a proposed computing machine to the Census Bureau, as requested during the April 11 demonstration.
- Based on Curtiss' recommendation, Eckert and Mauchly were awarded contract CST-7964 in the fall of 1946 to conduct a design study, including the construction of components, and prepare a report based thereon proposing a computer to be built for the Census Bureau. Contract CST-7964 directly followed from the ENIAC machine demonstration and the sequence of visits and evaluations of the technical competence of Eckert and Mauchly by the Bureau of Standards.
- Eckert and Mauchly's demonstration of the ENIAC machine on April 11, 1946, was a commercialization by Eckert and Mauchly of the claimed invention disclosed in the ENIAC patent and embodied in the ENIAC machine prior to the critical date, and resulted in a non-experimental public use of "the invention" of the ENIAC patent prior to the critical date, constituting an absolute bar to the valid issuance of the ENIAC patent.
- Eckert and Mauchly, in attempting to gain commercial and private business advantage from the pre-critical date early practical operation of the ENIAC machine, and the massive publicity thereof, advertised in their Eckert-Mauchly Computer Corporation literature in 1949 that the ENIAC machine had been put into operation in January, 1946.
- With regard to the issue of Eckert and Mauchly's commercialization of the ENIAC machine subject matter prior to the critical date, the Court has considered the conflict between, on the one hand, the disinterested testimony of Mr. James L. McPherson and related contemporaneous documentary evidence, and, on the other hand, the testimony of Eckert and Mauchly. The Court credits the testimony of McPherson and corroborating documentary evidence, and holds that Eckert and Mauchly knowingly sought to and did commercialize the ENIAC machine and any invention embodied therein prior to the critical date.
- The usual standard in civil cases of proof by fair preponderance of evidence is easily and clearly satisfied.
- I do not believe that the standard to be applied is that of clear and satisfactory proof or clear and convincing proof or proof beyond a reasonable doubt.
- If necessary for a decision, I find that the more stringent standards have been satisfied.
- The Court has heard 22 live witnesses over many weeks of the trial relating to the history and facts surrounding the use of the ENIAC machine prior to the critical date. The Court has seen the newsreel film made in February, 1946, showing the ENIAC machine actually being used for its intended purpose in a clearly publicly intended setting.
- Thousands of the documents received by the Court bearing on the public use issue originated contemporaneously with the relevant events and were obtained from independent and disinterested sources.
- The Court credits this heavy weight of evidence, fully revealed for the first time upon this record, as compelling a finding that the plaintiff has shown by clear and satisfactory proof, or clear and convincing proof, or proof beyond reasonable doubt, that the claimed invention disclosed in the ENIAC patent was in public use in this country prior to the critical date.
- The use of ENIAC after December 1, 1945, was clearly not experimental in nature.
- Defendants contend that all uses of the ENIAC machine prior to the critical date are exempted from their otherwise clear barring effect because they constitute experimental uses under Eckert and Mauchly's control, or for their benefit, and were necessary and essential to the completion or perfection of the making of "the invention" claimed by them. The facts are clearly to the contrary.
- By December, 1945, Army Ordnance was using its ENIAC machine under an operating contract W-18-001-OR-1706 (separate from contract 4926 under which the ENIAC machine was built) which provided for the Moore School to furnish services for the initial operation of the ENIAC machine at the Moore School pending completion of the building at the Aberdeen Proving Ground where the machine was later to be housed.
- After the ENIAC machine was put into constant practical use by Army Ordnance in December, 1945, the ENIAC group or team, including Eckert and Mauchly, turned their attention to the commencement of work on the next generation of computer design, the EDVAC.
- Eckert and Mauchly resigned from the Moore School in March, 1946, and had no further official contact with any of the work with the ENIAC machine after April 1, 1946.
- The pre-critical date uses of the ENIAC machine were not made under the surveillance of Eckert and Mauchly, and for the purpose of enabling them to test the machine and ascertain whether it would answer the purpose intended and to make such alterations and improvements as experience demonstrates to be necessary, and therefore are not excused as experimental uses within the meaning of Elizabeth v. Pavement Co., 97 U.S. 126 (1877). The ENIAC machine demonstrated that it would answer its intended purpose in December, 1945 when it was used for production runs on the Los Alamos calculations.
- By December 1, 1945, the ENIAC machine was under the custody, dominion and control of the customer, Army Ordnance, and the relationship to the machine of Eckert, Mauchly and the other engineers at the Moore School involved in the ENIAC team effort was not one of continuing inventorship and experimentation.
- The uses of the ENIAC machine from December, 1945, to the critical date were for its intended purpose of performing automatic electronic digital computation, and were not for the experimental purposed of the completion of perfection of the making of "the invention."
- The uses of the ENIAC machine between December 1, 1945, and the critical date were not in the nature of testing, checking, or experimentation, but rather were uses of the ENIAC machine for its intended practical purpose.
- The Court has considered the ENIAC Service Log and the testimony concerning the various entries which were made in it. The evidence is clear and convincing that the Service Log is a record showing routine maintenance on the ENIAC machine. The fact that such maintenance was performed does not in any way detract from the non-experimental nature of various ENIAC public uses. The Court has considered that assertion of defendants that the ENIAC Service Log shows that changes to the machine were made. The evidence is clear and convincing that, without exception, the changes recorded in the Service Log were not design changes of any significance to "the invention," but were instead minor and routine refinements of adjustments of a non-inventive nature. This work on the ENIAC machine was done by Homer Spence, the maintenance engineer for ENIAC after December 1, 1945, and was routine maintenance unrelated to the completion or perfection of "the invention."
- The burden of proof of any exemption from the public use bar, such as by any reason of experimentation essential to the completion of the making of perfecting of "the invention" by or for Eckert and Mauchly, rests with SR & ISD, and has not been carried. Instead, Honeywell has proven such use to be non-experimental and clearly practical.
Los Alamos calculations December 1945-February, 1946
1. Press demonstration use February 1, 1946
2. Newsreel use February 8, 1946
3. Formal dedication use February 15, 1946
4. Open house use February 16, 1946
Hartree calculations April, 1946-July 1946
Constant practical use December, 1945-1946
Commercial solicitation uses February, 1946-April, 1946
.1 repeating a particular production run twice and then verifying that the results obtained for each repetition were identical;
.2 stepping the ENIAC through a calculation and checking all answers after each add time;
.3 running a test problem between successive runs and checking the answer obtained to determine that it corresponded to the known answer of the test problem.
.1 was not made for the benefit or protection of Eckert and Mauchly;
.2 was not made at the request of Eckert and Mauchly;
.3 but was made by Army Ordnance to protect circuits of the machine being used by other military departments, including the Army Signal Corps.
.1 Eckert and Mauchly delivered prepared remarks on the utility and speed of the ENIAC machine to reporters who attended the press demonstration;
.2 Mauchly prepared and delivered a speech to the reporters at the press demonstration explaining that the ENIAC machine demonstrated that it was possible to utilize electronic computers to solve many problems never previously solved; and
.3 Eckert delivered a speech at the press demonstration and informed reporters that the ENIAC machine had sounded the death knell to the era of electromechanical computing devices, and that the advent of the ENIAC machine had made electronic computers a part of the concrete present rather than a vague promise of the future.Rugby World Cup 2019 injury surveillance study
Background: Full contact team sports, such as rugby union, have high incidences of injury. Injury surveillance studies underpin player welfare programmes in rugby union. Objective: To determine the incidence, severity, nature and causes of injuries sustained during the Rugby World Cup 2019.
Methods: A prospective, whole population study following the definitions and procedures recommended in the consensus statement for epidemiologic studies in rugby union. Output measures included players’ age (years), stature (cm), body mass (kg), playing position, and group-level incidence (injuries/1000 player-hours), severity (days- absence
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سریع هستید!
Fitbit Holiday هک
- جلسه: مدیتیشن پیاده روی ذهن خود را پاک کنید
- شرح: احساس کنید که زمین زیر پایتان است و استرستان روی نسیم شناور است. با این مدیتیشن پیادهروی هدایتشده به بیرون بروید و خودتان را متمرکز کنید.
- مدت زمان: 15 دقیقه
3. نشانه های گرسنگی را با چک کردن بدن بازنشانی کنید
بسیاری از سنتهای تعطیلات حول محور غذا هستند، تعجب آور نیست که مردم زیاده روی کنند. اما با وجود سطلهای آب نبات هالووین، سومین کمک شام شکرگزاری، و وسوسههای بیشتر در تعطیلات نسبت به نمایش شیرینی مورد علاقهتان از آن سوی حوض، این زمان از سال بهویژه برای افرادی که بر حفظ سلامت و تندرستی خود متمرکز هستند چالش برانگیز است.
برای کمک به توقف غذا خوردن در جشن و جلوگیری از تله جبران زمان از دست رفته دور از نزدیکان خود (یا رستوران های مورد علاقه خود)، به یاد داشته باشید که با بدن خود چک کنید. بررسی پنج دقیقهای بدنتان در حین وعدههای غذایی میتواند به شما کمک کند تا بفهمید واقعاً گرسنه هستید یا به دلیل دیگری غذا میخورید. لحظه ای به این فکر کنید که آیا واقعاً به آن شیرینی ها نیاز دارید یا بهتر است آن ها را برای فردی شادی آور که تمایل دارد در نیمه های شب از طریق دودکش ها ورودی های باشکوهی ایجاد کند، بگذارید.
Fitbit Holiday هک
- جلسه: تغذیه آگاهانه: آیا من گرسنه هستم؟
- شرح: اغلب ما از روی عادت غذا می خوریم، یا به عنوان راهی برای پوشاندن استرس، کسالت یا احساسات ناراحت کننده دیگر. این مراقبه این سوال را مطرح می کند: آیا من گرسنه هستم؟
- مدت زمان: 5 دقیقه
4. استرس سفر را با آگاهی کاهش دهید
شکی نیست که سفر به برنامه ریزی، صبر و آمادگی بسیار بیشتری در طول همه گیری نسبت به قبل از COVID-19 نیاز دارد. متأسفانه، استرس سفر در این شرایط تنها با پرواز یا رانندگی به مقصدهای تعطیلات در سال 2021 شدیدتر می شود.
بنابراین چه چیزی به شما کمک می کند تا در صف های طولانی پیمایش کنید، پروتکل های ایمنی اضافی را مدیریت کنید و در برابر کمبود نیروی کار و اختلالات زنجیره تامین انعطاف پذیر باشید؟ به کاهش هراس، ایجاد آرامش، و کاهش هر گونه اضطرابی که ممکن است با فرو رفتن در سکون احساس کنید، کمک کنید – روز یا شب، چه در سکوت یا نه.
Fitbit Holiday هک
- جلسه: Panic SOS
- شرح: یک مدیتیشن پایه برای کاهش هراس و اضطراب. (آرام)
- مدت زمان: 4 دقیقه
آیا بچه هایی تحت مراقبت شما هستند؟ بین آموزش در خانه، قرار دادن آنها در روال های همیشه در حال تغییر، و کمک به آنها برای درک بسیاری از اتفاقات دو سال گذشته، همه این کارها را انجام داده اید! و اکنون، شما با گروه جن کوچک خود وارد جاده می شوید. در اینجا یک فرار سریع وجود دارد، در صورتی که آنها وارد انبار کوکی های تعطیلات شوند و شما نیاز به لحظه ای سکوت داشته باشید.
پاداش هک تعطیلات Fitbit برای والدین
- جلسه: مدیتیشن برای والدین
- شرح: به جس موری بپیوندید و این پنج ویژگی پدر و مادری خوب را که پشتوانه تحقیقاتی است پرورش دهید: حضور، هماهنگی، شفقت، لذت و حمایت.
- مدت زمان: 15 دقیقه
5. خودتان را متمرکز کنید و سال جدید را برای موفقیت آماده کنید
برای بسیاری از مردم، طلوع سال جدید بهترین زمان برای تعیین اهداف و حتی تصمیم گیری برای بهبود سلامت و رفاه است. تنها مشکل این است که مطالعات نشان داده است که تقریباً 80 درصد از تصمیمات سال نو با شکست مواجه می شوند.
برای موفقیت، داشتن اهداف خاص و واقع بینانه که می توانند به مراحل کوچک و قابل اندازه گیری تقسیم شوند، کمک می کند. اما مدتها قبل از محدود کردن یک قطعنامه، مفید است که یک هدف تعیین کنید و اجازه دهید که راه را هدایت کند. اینجاست که تمرکز تمرکز می تواند تا حد زیادی کمک کند.
هک سال جدید فیت بیت
- جلسه: StongWill: مرکز خود را پیدا کنید
- شرح: ویل اسمیت همیشه این را روشن می کند: هنگام تمرین بدن، تمرین دادن به ذهن به همان اندازه مهم است. به Faith Hunter در یک سفر ذهن آگاهی به سمت آمادگی ذهنی خود با تمرینات تنفس عمیق و مدیتیشن بپیوندید.
- مدت زمان: 14 دقیقه
برای جمع کردنش
این فصل بخشش و اندیشیدن به دیگران است – و فراموش نکنید که خودتان را نیز در نظر بگیرید. به یاد داشته باشید که مدتی را برای بررسی ذهن و بدن خود در مورد آنچه نیاز دارید اختصاص دهید.
مهم نیست که چگونه تعطیلات را جشن می گیرید، به سلامتی و تندرستی شما!مردم نزدیک به یک سوم عمر خود را در خواب می گذرانند، به این معنی که تشک ها اغلب پر استفاده ترین مبلمان خانه هستند. تمام این استفاده ها تشک شما را از بین می برد و خواب ناخوشایندی را برای شما به ارمغان می آورد. با پیروی از دستورالعمل های مراقبت زیر، عمر تشک خود را افزایش دهید و بهترین خواب شبانه ممکن را برای خود رقم بزنید.
نظافت و مراقبت عمومی
انجام دادن...
- از یک پد تشک به عنوان محافظت در برابر لکه استفاده کنید. این کار باعث افزایش عمر تشک شما می شود.
- تشک را مرتباً جاروبرقی بکشید.
- تشک خود را دو بار در سال بچرخانید و بچرخانید تا ساییدگی و پارگی که به طور معمول رخ می دهد یکسان شود.
نکن...
- اجازه دهید تشک شما خیس شود. از آن در برابر مایعات محافظت کنید.
- از محصولات خشکشویی روی تشک خود استفاده کنید. این ممکن است به برخی از مواد آسیب برساند.
تشک های تمیز کننده نقطه ای
- اگر تشک شما خیس یا کثیف شد: رطوبت اضافی را با استفاده از یک پارچه نرم پاک کنید.
- برای تمیز کردن لکه/لکه: از صابون ملایم با آب سرد استفاده کنید و به آرامی بمالید.网友提问：8个月的宝宝口腔溃疡怎么办？
下面是医生及药师们给出的参考答案：
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建议您补充复合维生素B及维生素C和硫酸锌片，另外云南白药敷于溃疡处，一日2次，一般2-3天痊愈，或者维生素C片研碎撒于溃疡处或直接将整片放于患处，每天2次，效果也是很好的
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溃疡治疗简方:云南 白药用云南白药外敷口腔溃疡创面，一日2次，一般2~3天痊愈。
全脂奶粉：选用全脂奶粉，每日2至3次，每次一汤匙，加少许白糖，开水冲服，晚间休息前冲服效果更佳。一般2天溃疡症状即可消失。
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你好: 可能是微量元素及维生素缺乏导致的口腔溃疡.建议你口服葡萄糖酸锌和维生素B2. 外用维生素C片和地塞米松片按1:1的比例研碎后涂抹溃疡面上,用后建议10分钟再饮水,效果不错。
对口腔溃疡的治疗方法预防本病尤为重要. 注意保持口腔清洁,常用淡盐水漱口生活起居有规律,保证充足的睡眠;坚持体育锻炼,饮食清淡,禁辛辣,厚味的刺激性食品,多吃蔬菜水果,保持大便通畅。
|推荐文章|
|口腔论文推荐频道|我们都知道男性早泄这件事情对于男性来说是特别重要的，但是很多男生都无法正视这个问题，因为他们觉得是特别没有面子的一件事，但是这也属于男科疾病的一种是需要提前治疗的，甚至有一些男性会因为早泄导致不孕，那么男人早泄能代孕吗？下面让小编来给大家介绍
男性早泄能是可以代孕的，只是几率没有正常的男人大，性生活是精卵的结合的基础，阳痿早泄使得性生活不和谐，不仅影响夫妻感情，也会影响精子浓度、成活率、影响生育，特别是由于器质性原因，如前列腺炎、附睾炎等引发的阳痿早泄会容易导致不代孕，不可忽视，不要擅自用药，应及时到正规的医院接受治疗。
专家表示早泄是射精障碍的一种类型，也是男性性功能障碍的常见病之一，如果没有及时的进行治疗还会导致其他的并发症出现，引起不孕不育的原因有很多，其中，性功能障碍是引起男方不育的原因之一。而射精过快或一般认为的早泄，是性功能障碍中射精障碍的一种。射精障碍影响生育，主要是因为不射精或逆行射精，无法通过自然性爱将精液送入女性生殖道。
其实，多数早泄并非不育的原因，但有一种情况例外，那就是严重的原发性早泄。这类患者射精反射过度敏感，一有性活动或性刺激立刻就会射精，此时，阴茎可能还没进入阴道了，更谈不上精子进入女性生殖道。
什么叫早泄
早泄是指射精发生在阴茎进入阴道之前，或进入阴道中时间较短，在女性尚未达到性高潮，提早射精而出现的夫妻生活障碍。临床上对阴茎勃起未进入阴道即射精，诊断为早泄。而能进入阴道进行夫妻生活者，如果很快射精，也为早泄。
判断早泄的依据：1、看男性的射精时间。早泄一般是在阴茎插入女性阴道开始到射精的这段时间，长期的不超过3分钟的现象则为早泄。2、看女性是否满足感。早泄的另一个标志是女性是否得到满足，如果女性在性生活中长期得不到满足，也是早泄疾病。
早泄的治疗原理：阴茎感觉通路起始于阴茎皮肤、阴茎头、尿道及阴茎海绵体内的感觉器，发出神经纤维融合形成阴茎背神经束，加入其他神经纤维成为阴部内神经，而后经骶神经的背根上升到脊髓，感受器激活后，通过阴茎背神经、阴部神经、脊髓、脊髓丘脑束，将痛、温、触觉信息传递至下丘脑和皮质层进行感知。接触性刺激，阴茎皮肤和阴茎头的神经冲动通过阴茎背神经传入，始动和维持反射性阴茎勃起。
美国代孕产子费用Il rapper Tedua a OrientaMenti: "Che la vostra umiltà non si trasformi in insicurezza"
L'artista genovese, insieme al ministro dell’istruzione Marco Bussetti, ha inaugurato il salone al Porto Antico
Il ministro dell’istruzione Marco Bussetti e il rapper Tedua assediato dai giovani per i selfie, hanno inaugurato il Salone Orientamenti, aperto fino a giovedì. L'artista genovese ha conquistato i giovani con queste parole: "Non lasciate che la vostra umiltà si trasformi in insicurezza e che la vostra sicurezza si trasformi in arroganza".森精机制作所旗下的千叶加工工场已引入了供加工中心和复合加工机用的MCC-TMS刀具管理系统。
该系统早已在2006年10月起应用于部分制造工序（LPP和CPP）中。但从现在开始，该工厂内的所有机床均已连接此系统，并正式开始运作。
以往，每台机床的刀具资料（如刀具号码等）都需分开设定，因此刀具的存放地点和状况都不能一目了然。该刀具管理系统却可以集中处理工厂内每台机床的最新刀具资料，并可在办公室内通过电脑查阅刀具的存放地点、寿命和损耗情况。
MCC-TMS刀具管理系统具有以下优势：
（1）当刀具寿命终结时，PC画面上会出现警报。这样可确认刀具需要更换，加工质量得以保证。
（2）对刀仪和机床一起连接到网络后，一些以往需要手动输入的资料（如刀具补偿等）可以快捷、准确地传送到机床上，大幅减少了设定时间，避免了输入错误。
（3）编制加工程序时，可从CAM系统中获取刀具资料，使用户可运用刀具的实际数据进行模拟加工。
（4）LPP连接单元控制器MCC-LPS II，可在计划表中一并考虑刀具寿命（比较加工所需的刀具寿命和已安装在机床内的刀具剩余寿命，确认能否完成整个加工程序）。An increasing number of herpes sufferers are searching for alternate options to Valtrex and different herpes medicines to avoid the many potential unwanted side effects or keep away from the excessive cost of daily remedy. The second sort of different drugs known as mind-physique intervention. This means that there can be rising opportunities for conventional and options healthcare workers. It’s now becoming increasingly common for medical doctors to refer patients to aromatherapists and acupuncturists together with their very own pharmaceutical therapies.
For instance, there are lots of pure therapies primarily based on herbs that can cure varied diseases without the usage of traditional medicine. These developments are naturally welcome, and the sphere of different medication ought to, be pleased with this progressive step.
The primary classification of alternative medical system is predicated on complete programs of each observe and concept. Massage will enhance blood circulation and enhance scalp well being. There isn’t a contradiction on this case, and we generally have to mix conventional and standard medicine.
A health or medical follow is named “alternative” if it is based mostly on untested, untraditional, or unscientific rules, methods, remedies, or knowledge. Two men, each of whom are 35 and have similar flu symptoms, don’t necessarily and automatically have the identical well being situation, nor ought to they receive the same treatment.
The Execs And Cons Of Herbal Remedies
Increasingly folks than ever earlier than have gotten concerned about pure drugs and a extra pure alternative to medicine and surgery for certain health conditions. Because actually “different” medical practices would be ones which can be identified to be equally or practically equally effective, most “various” medical practices are usually not really “various,” but quackery. Chinese drugs: Holds the idea that to be wholesome, the physique ought to strike a balance between the 2 forces of nature – yin and yang.
Improvement of bodily capabilities relies on what individuals eat and drink, because the similar relieves, stimulates and has a healing impact on the body. Often, therapies like ayurveda, herbal medication, people drugs, homeopathy, acupuncture, naturopathy, food regimen practices, chiropractic, music therapy, therapeutic massage, pranic healing, etc.
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There are quite a few theories as to what causes the prostate to develop, mostly coping with the testosterone chemical in a person’s physique. Some herbal remedies could prove to be more potent than others, depending on a few varying components that will affect the herbal remedy’s effectiveness, such as the growing circumstances of the herbs like exposure to air, mild and moisture, and even the best way that it was harvested.
Enlarged Prostate Different Medication
Historical past has it that alternative medicine goes again 5000 years to Chinese language traditional medicine, Indian (Ayuryedic medicine) and comparable healing traditions in lots of cultures. A therapeutic course of primarily based on holistic medication could be the follow of a selected treatment for a particular disease. Shampoos and different therapies that include nutrients aren’t more likely to be efficient. The effectiveness of herbal treatments varies. Unfortunately, since these herbal cures make well being and illness claims, there have been discrepancies as to where they are going to be categorized, and the way they’ll be regulated.
Most natural alternatives to Valtrex have few to no unwanted side effects to take care of, as they consist of anti-viral natural extracts which are typically considered protected by the FDA. In April 1995, the panel of Nationwide Institutes of Well being, Bethesda, Maryland, worked on Definition & Description, CAM Analysis Methodology Conference, Workplace of Alternative Medicine.
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All in all, an absolute yes or no reply vis-a-vis security and effectiveness of Various drugs does not exist. Drink ginger tea since it’s efficient within the remedy of nausea and heals the physique naturally.Sutton Hoo Ship Burial
- Sutton Hoo Ship Burial
Nine silver triangular vandykes from bottles 1939,1010.122-127, in fifty-nine fragments, including some gold foil overlays; mounted on a modern perspex backing.
Each vandyke is decorated with repoussé Style II decoration, comprising two facing animals with D-shaped eyes, their heads meeting at the broad end of the triangle. Their ribbon bodies are filled with transverse beading between plain raised borders; their bodies taoer towards the point of the triangle, and terminate in a long 'feathered' inward-facing foot. The animals have front hips and long thin legs which interlace symmetrically, pass through the animals' jaws and end in a three-toed foot in the upper corners of the triangle. At the pointed base of each triangle is a frontal human mask with circular eyes, moustache and beard formed by three beads; three triangles arranged over the head resemble hair. The entire design is contained within a beaded border which runs around all three sides of the vandyke, with a plain margin pierced with nine rivet holes, four down each long side and one at the tip of the triangle.
- early 7thC
- Excavated/Findspot: Sutton Hoo, Ship-burial Mound: 1
- (Europe,United Kingdom,England,Suffolk,Sutton (parish),Sutton Hoo)
- Length: 6.3 centimetres
- Width: 2.3 centimetres (max)
On display: G41/dc1/sF
Britain, Europe and Prehistory
Group of Objects
Silver rectangular mounts with gold foil decoration, two reconstructed and fragments of ten others, from necks
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2 | 3 | 1 |
2). A few of my students have the iPhone and iTouch that access apps made for devices that use iOS (3). “apps… have introduced immediately accessible activities for use in treatment and at home. “ (4)
Mobile devices are everywhere. Talking on a cell phone is common place. So using an app to practice speech can now appear as natural as anyone else who is using a phone. (Though I must admit, adults talking with a Bluetooth device (5) as they grocery shop still spook me!)
The Fluency Tracker (6) allows a speaker to count stuttered words, choose from a selection of feeling words, and take notes. This app raises the nagging question, “What is stuttering?” Imagine if the speaker and a listener were both using this app. I wonder if their counts would be the same? Would the speaker record subtle moments of muscle tension and hesitations imperceptible to the listener? Would the listener record secondary behaviors of which the speaker was unaware? The experience of stuttering from the perspective of the person who stutters vs the listener has been a long time topic for discussion.
The reliability of counting stuttered words is another critical concept to keep in mind. Reliability refers to a person’s ability to count stuttered words across situations. So for example, if you count fewer stuttered words while talking to a friend in a restaurant as opposed to talking to a waitress, was it because you stuttered less or because your attention to counting was different? Speech characterized by clusters of dysfluency - multiple stuttered sounds and syllables across only a few words - would be difficult to count accurately and reliably in real time, I would think.
I like how you can take notes and indicate emotional states with the Fluency Tracker. Otherwise, fluency counts could be meaningless. A speaker’s thoughts and feelings in combination with environmental variables are all relevant to planning step-by-step behavioral change.
I think the Fluency Tracker would be handy for counting lots of other skills besides stuttering. A person could count fluency enhancing strategies (speech tools), self-talk and visualization, or specific behavioral goals. How fun it would be to see a graph showing increased use of easy onset, pausing, or cancellation across situations and over time! Or how about counting the kinds of visualization or self-talk used throughout a day?
The daf assistant (7) and the daf professional (8) are apps that provide delayed auditory feedback and frequency altered feedback. The speaker needs to wear a headset or earbuds with microphone. (9) These two apps have different features and may be useful for people who find that aaf improves their speech fluency. This is not the case for everyone. The same issues of accurate, reliable measurement as well as journaling thoughts, feelings, and environmental variables apply for this app as for the Fluency Tracker, IMHO. Both apps could be part of a multi-faceted treatment program within a framework of Evidence Based Practice.
The American Speech Language Hearing Association has resources for the SLP who would like to learn more about the appropriate use of apps in treatment. (10) Apps for Speech Therapy (11) and Moms with Apps (12) are two Blogs cited by ASHA that look interesting.
I have not seen any peer reviewed research about use of apps. But I think that clinicians raise some of the questions that researchers ultimately study. I envision apps as a way to shift more power, control, responsibility and ownership of carryover into the hands of the student/client. I look forward to research on the effectiveness of apps as a tool in speech therapy for stuttering.
(4) DeCurtis, L. L. & Ferrer, D, (2011, September 20) Toddlers and Technology: Teaching the Techniques. The ASHA Leader
About once a month, I write long e-mail response to parents’ concerns. After writing such an e-mail today, it occurred to me that some of these e-mails would make good blog entries. Of course personal identification has been removed. This e-mail is about a first grader.
Hi Mrs. _____,
Thank you for sharing your concerns. I’m glad that _____ was talking so much on her play date. That is the real success story for any child who stutters.
If _____ is feeling more comfortable about her stuttering (this is called desensitization), she will be able to stutter with friends and participate confidently in other peer group activities. This also means she will feel fine about telling children who ask about her speech that sometimes she stutters and it’s no big deal. She will need support for the occasional situation in which she may be teased. It takes feeling comfortable about your speech and very confident about yourself to stand up to kids who tease.
Other listeners may be in a better position to judge word retrieval skills than I, since _____ doesn’t talk that much with me. So, I’m glad you feel this is not an issue for _____. Indeed, she performed exceptionally well on The Listening Comprehension Test 2 yesterday. I gave _____ stickers for answering the questions because I was afraid she wouldn’t talk for that long and tedious test. She did and she revealed a high level of listening skills. I waited until she was paying attention before presenting each item. I talked in a somewhat slower manner, which is how I talk most of the time anyway. If ______ appears to “lose her place in conversations sometimes” in other settings, it may be due partly to the many visual and auditory distractions of real life.
People in my position are in danger of jumping to the wrong conclusions about people who stutter when they do not talk. That’s why I suggested we do some testing. Some adults who stutter recall being placed in special education classrooms as children because “professionals” misinterpreted their silence as an indication of some kind of special needs. A person who stutters has extra difficulty turning on her voice, which is called initiating voicing. That lag time can appear very unusual in a competitive world where fluent speakers respond very quickly. The definition of a person who stutters is someone who knows exactly what they want to say and cannot say it.
Research suggests that, for some children who stutter, organizing thoughts into precise and grammatically correct sentences is more challenging than for fluent children. A child who stutters can have a huge vocabulary but have some subtle difficulty getting it from their brains to their mouths in sentence form. In fact, some children and adults who stutter have extensive vocabularies so that they can substitute a word that is easier to say for the word they really want to say. This develops into a habit that can be difficult to change, which is why we try to desensitize children to stuttering – so they will not develop unproductive habits like word switching. For example, I recall the picture guessing game that _____brought in called Headbandz. Compared to other children who I’ve played similar games with, _____’s clues, guesses and language during that game made me wonder if she was having difficulty with talking, with word retrieval, or with following the language of the game. When she would whisper to herself in other games, I wasn’t sure if this was to make talking easier (which it does) or if _____ needed extra time processing the language of the game. I needed to wait and watch her language in future sessions.
The speech tools are the easy onset, pausing, a slower speaking rate, continuous voicing, bouncing, and cancellation that we have practiced in speech therapy. Some SLPs write the names of these strategies onto pictures of tools and put them in a tool box to get across the idea that these are sometimes called “speech tools.” _____ has done an excellent job of using easy onset (slow/gentle beginning sounds), bouncing and cancellation in single words.
I think she may be fluent in speech therapy because of the quiet one-on-one setting and because she speaks fairly slowly. Her responses to all the questions on the Listening Comprehension 2 test were spoken somewhat slowly (and I should calculate speech rate to document it). I heard two sound repetitions which she moved slowly through with no apparent reaction and this was really nice to see. In general, _____’s learning style seems to be somewhat slow and methodical in speech therapy, IMHO. She seems to take longer to understand and follow the rules of games and what she is expected to do, as if her language processing proceeds at 40 mph while the rest of the world is going 60-80 mph. Young children tend to move and play very quickly and I wondered if this might have something to do with _____ making friends. I wonder if she will gravitate toward the gentler, slower moving, and more thoughtful kinds of children?
On Saturday, we’ll do the Expressive Language Test 2. Would it be possible to record a speech/language sample with _____ at home? She could talk about a book she’s read, an art project she is working on, a family trip, whatever. It would be helpful for me to hear more spontaneous language. I suggest being proactive about asking the teacher for specifics about how _____ is doing at least twice a month. If there are questions by mid-year, you could ask for language testing in January (or sooner if you feel appropriate). Wait and see if any issues arise.
I’ll give you some specific things to watch for as _____ plays with peers, which is what pragmatic language is all about. All children need help with peer interaction, which is why her last homework was reading dialogue between characters in the book Friends. You already have the experience of raising two older siblings, so I’m sure you are already well versed in some of these issues!
I look forward to _____’s visits and I am happy to have her continue. I’m worried that there is something about speech therapy that is still intimidating her and maybe you can help me out with that. If you would like to try having her attend by herself, that’s fine. You can wait outside the door or run an errand. If she continues to test well, make friends, participate in class, and keep talking even when she’s dysfluent, then I think 2-3 times a month speech therapy is fine. I would like her to practice easy onset, pausing, and slower speaking rate in structured speech homework. This is like playing the piano in a way. She needs to practice a smoother way of talking, step by step in homework, even though daily life may be too demanding for her to be fluent. She has a young, developing brain in which we hope to establish pathways for fluent speech.
_____’s speech can be so hoarse that it would be unethical for me not to recommend an ENT consult, even if her pediatrician is denying a problem. (Pediatricians are still telling parents of toddlers who stutter to ignore it.)
My goodness, this is a long note and e-mail can be incomplete. I hope I responded to all your questions. Thanks again for your e-mail and let’s plan for all of us to be present for the Expressive Language Test next week. After that, we can have _____ attend by herself and I am going to increase the material we are working with to a 2nd and 3rd grade level. If _____ is a Gifted/Talented child, then this gives us a new way to view her behavior. You can visit www.nagc.org and www.hoagiesgifted.org for more information on this topic.
Judith V. Butler, M.A., LLC
Be The ChangeUn brutto segnale: la corte d’appello federale di New Orleans ha permesso al Texas di ripristinare la controversa legge che vieta la maggior parte degli aborti nello Stato.
Entrata in vigore il primo settembre, vieta l’aborto una volta rilevato il battito cardiaco dell’embrione, a circa sei settimane di gravidanza. La legge era stata temporaneamente bloccata mercoledì da un giudice federale del Texas dopo un ricorso dell’amministrazione Biden.
La sospensione temporanea della norma aveva fatto riprendere la pratica degli aborti oltre le sei settimane nelle cliniche statali. Ma il nuovo ordine è stato emesso venerdì sera e arriva appena un giorno dopo che un tribunale di grado inferiore di Austin si era schierato con l’amministrazione Biden e aveva sospeso la legge del Texas nota come “Senate Bill 8”.
Il procuratore generale del Texas, il repubblicano Ken Paxton, aveva fatto però appello alla Corte federale di New Orleans, considerata una delle più conservatrici del Paese, che si è pronunciata in suo favore. “Grandi notizie stasera”, ha twittato Paxton non appena è stata rilasciata la decisione sull’appello. “Combatterò gli eccessi del governo federale in ogni momento”, ha aggiunto.
Con ogni probabilità, il governo federale Usa contesterà la decisione della corte d’appello alla Corte suprema degli Stati Uniti. Quest’ultima garantiva nel 1973, nella sua emblematica sentenza Roe contro Wade, il diritto delle donne ad abortire e precisava che si applicava fino a quando il feto non è vitale, cioè intorno alle 22 settimane di gravidanza. Negli ultimi anni leggi paragonabili a quelle del Texas sono state approvate da una dozzina di altri Stati conservatori e condannate in tribunale per aver violato tale giurisprudenza.
La legge, dunque, vieta gli aborti in Texas una volta rilevata l’attività cardiaca (a circa sei settimane di gravidanza, quando la maggior parte delle donne non sa ancora di essere in attesa), anche nei casi di incesto o stupro.Döviz kurlarında yaşanan artışla birlikte, birçok sektörde suni fiyat artışları yaşandı.
Hatta bu artıştan fayda sağlamak isteyen fırsatçılar, 'maliyet artışı' diyerek fiyatlarını döviz kuru bahanesiyle kat kat fazla artırdı.
Bunun üzerine 'Marketlerde yükselen fiyatlar düşecek mi?' sorusunun cevabı merak konusu oldu.
BAKAN NEBATİ UYARDI
Kurdaki artıştan fayda sağlamak isteyen fırsatçıları uyaran Nebati, şu ifadeleri kullandı:
"FIRSATÇILIK YAPARSAN HAZİNE VE MALİYE BAKANLIĞI'NIN NASIL BİR BAKANLIK OLDUĞUNU GÖRECEKSİN"
"Şimdi döviz fiyatları yükselirken, fiyatlamayı bir ötesiyle yaptılar. Fiyatlar toparlanırken, fiyatlarını çekmeyenler çok net söylüyorum, kazancın senin, karın senin. Biz senin ortağın değiliz.
Ama fırsatçılık yaparsan, bu ülkeye zarar verecek adımlar atarsan, çok farklı hareketlerde bulunursan bundan sonra Hazine ve Maliye Bakanlığı'nın nasıl bir bakanlık olduğunu anlayacaksın.
"BU SAATTEN SONRA BU KONUDA TAVİZİMİZ YOK"
Maliyet artışı, döviz kurundaki artış kadar mı olması lazım. Böyle bir şey olabilir mi?! Ama ne yaptılar döviz fiyatı yüzde 100 arttı,onlarda bütün fiyatlarını yüzde 100 arttı, bazıları için diyorum.
Karınızı yaptınız, gelirinizi elde ettiniz. Bu saatten sonra bu konuda hiçbir tavizimiz yok."
Ensonhaber - O.G.قاسمی اظهار داشت: بمنظور حضور مستمر و مؤثر در بازار گردشگری چین و همین طور زنده نگه داشتن نام ایران در حافظه بازار بزرگ این کشور معاونت گردشگری در حال برگزاری کمپینی همزمان با عید بهاره چینی است.
به گزارش عصر توریسم به نقل از مهر، محمد قاسمی با اشاره به این خبر اظهار داشت: برای حضور مستمر در بازار گردشگری چین با بیش از صد و هفتاد میلیون توریست خروجی برای دوران پسا کرونا، معاونت گردشگری در حال برگزاری کمپین قرن ها دوستی؛ سومین عید بهاره چینی ها در ایران، در بازه زمانی ۲۴ بهمن تا ۹ اسفند سال جاری همزمان با عید بهاره چینی به صورت مجازی است.
وی اظهار داشت: کارهای مربوط به این کمپین در چندین گام صورت گرفت. در گام نخست، از استان های مقصد گردشگران چینی خواسته شد تا محتوای تبلیغاتی خودرا متناسب با علایق و سلایق چینی ها و برمبنای راهنماهای فنی ابلاغی در قالب عکس، کلیپ و متن آماده و به معاونت گردشگری وزارتخانه ارسال نمایند.
او اضافه کرد: در گام دوم، آثار تولیدی از نظر تکنیکی و محتوایی ارزیابی و صحت سنجی شد و آنهایی که شرایط فنی لازم را احراز کردند در زمینه متن و روایت توسط کارشناسان یک شرکت دو ملیتی ایرانی- چینی مورد تطبیق و ویرایش ترجمه ای و زبان شناختی قرار گرفتند.
قاسمی افزود: در گام بعدی، انواع محتوای نهایی شده به همراه پیام تبریک وزیر میراث فرهنگی، گردشگری و صنایع دستی به زبان چینی در سایت جامع گردشگری کشور موسوم به «ویزیت ایران» زیر نظر کانون جهانگردی و اتومبیلرانی بارگذاری شد.
مدیرکل دفتر بازاریابی و تبلیغات گردشگری بیان کرد: در مرحله آخر، لینک مربوطه در سطح وسیعی به وزارت امور خارجه، سازمان فرهنگ و ارتباطات اسلامی، تشکل های حرفه ای گردشگری، نمایندگی های سیاسی جمهوری اسلامی ایران در چین، رایزنی های فرهنگی کشور و سایر گروه های فعال گردشگری اطلاع رسانی شد و از آنها خواسته شد تا نسبت به بارگذاری لینک مذکور در فضای مجازی تحت اختیار، استفاده از محتوای تولیدی در سایر کارهای تبلیغاتی و اطلاع رسانی مناسب پیرامون کمپین مذکور به بخش خصوصی کشور چین اقدام نماید.Adaçayı 60, nadiren 100 cm boyunda, yarı çalımsı, saçak köklü bir bitkidir. Toprak üstü sapları da çok dallanır. Uzun bir sapı bulunan yapraklar uzun yumurta şeklinden dar eliptirk şekle kadar değişir. Temele doğru daralır ve genellikle temelde 2 yaprakçık daha bulunur. Yaprakların uzunluğu 10 cm, genişliği cm kadar olabilir. Özellikle genç gelişme devresinde yapraklar beyazımsı griden gümüş rengine kadar değişen renkte ve tüylüdür. Bu tip tüylü olması, bu bitkinin kurak bölgelere adapte olduğunu göstermektedir. Genellikle yaprak kenarları çok az derinlikte dişlidir. Büyüteç altında yaprak alt yüzeyinde yaprak damarlarının belirli olduğu görülür.
Adaçayından çiçek salkımı, başak ekseninde 4-8 çiçek kümesini içeren bir çiçek başak şeklindedir. Başaktaki her çiçek kümesinde ise 6-8 çiçek bulunmaktadır. Her çiçekte uzun dişli çan şeklinde üzeri damarlı ve halımsı tüylü çanak yapraklar ve yine alt ve üst dudakları bulunan taç yaprakları vardır. Taç yapraklarının rengi viyole, nadir olarak beyazdır. Çiçeklerde bitkinin diğer yeşil aksamı gibi türe has özellikte koku saçarlar.
Bitkilerde erkek ve dişi organları içeren çiçekler yanında yalnız dişi organları içerenler de vardır. Diğerlerin aksine adaçay
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One reason is this: Time out of mind—or, rather, ever since Nicolas Le Fèvre, who was sent over here by the French King at the request of our English one at the time the Royal Society was established, pointed out that chemistry was the art of separations as well as of transmutations—it has been recognized that, with every increase of temperature, or dissociating power, bodies were separated from each other. In this way Priestley, from his "plomb rouge," separated oxygen, and Davy separated potassium; and as a final result of the labor of generations of chemists, the millionfold chemical complexity of natural bodies in the three kingdoms of nature has been reduced by separations till only some seventy so-called elements are left.
Now this magnificent simplification has been brought about by the employment of moderate temperatures—moderate, that is to say, in comparison with the transcendental dissociating energies of electricity as employed in our modern voltaic arcs and electric sparks.
But, in the observations made during the last thirty years on the spectra of bodies rendered incandescent by electricity, we have actually, though yet scarcely consciously, been employing these transcendental temperatures, and, if it be that this higher grade of heat does what all other lower grades have done, then the spectrum we have observed in each case is not the record of the vibrations of the particular substance with which we have imagined ourselves to be working only, but of all the simpler substances produced by the series, whether short or long, of the "separations" effected.
The question, then, it will be seen, is an appeal to the law of continuity, nothing more and nothing less. Is a temperature higher than any yet applied to act in the same way as each higher temperature, which has been applied, has done? Or is there to be some unexplained break in the uniformity of nature's processes?
The definite reason for my asking the question at the present time has been this: The final reduction of four years' work at a special branch of the subject to which I will refer presently, on the assumption that at the temperature of the electric arc we do not get such "simplifications," has landed me in the most helpless confusion, and, if I do not succeed in finding a higher law than that on which I have been working, my four years' work, in this direction at all events, will have been thrown away.
This and other reasons compel me to hold that the answer to the question put is, that what has been taken for granted is, in all probability, not true. But before I proceed to give the reasons for the faith that is in me I must, at the risk of being both technical and tedious when I should wish to be neither, lead up to the understanding of them.
The spectroscope, however simple or complex it may be, is an instrument which allows us to observe the image of the slit through which the light enters it, in the most perfect manner. If the light contains rays of every wave-length, then the images formed by each will be so close together that the spectrum will be continuous, that is, without break. If the light contains only certain wave-lengths, then we shall get certain, and not all, of the possible images of the slit, and the spectrum will be discontinuous.
Again, if we have an extremely complex light-source, let us say a solid and a mixture of gases giving us light, and we allow the light to enter, so to speak, indiscriminately into the spectroscope, then in each part of the spectrum we shall get a summation—a complex record—of the light of the same wave-length proceeding from all the different light-waves. But if by means of a lens we form an image of the light source, so that each particular part shall be impressed in its proper place on the slit-plate, then in the spectrum the different kinds of light will be sorted out.
There is a simple experiment which shows clearly the different results obtained. If we observe the light of a candle with the spectroscope in the ordinary manner, that is, by placing the candle in front of the slit at some little distance from it, we see a band of color—a continuous spectrum—and in one particular part of the band we see a yellow line, and occasionally in the green and in the blue parts of the band other lines are observable. Now, if we throw an image of the candle on to the slit—the slit being horizontal and the image of the candle vertical—we then get three perfectly distinct spectra. We find that the interior of the candle, that is the blue part (best observed at the bottom of the candle), gives us one spectrum, the white part gives us another, while on the outside of the candle, so faint as to be almost invisible to the eye, there is a region which gives us a perfectly distinct spectrum with a line in the yellow. In this way there is no difficulty whatever in determining the coexistence of three light-sources, each with its proper spectrum, in the light of a common candle.
We see in a moment that much the same condition of affairs will be brought about if, instead of using a candle, we use an electric arc, in which the pure vapor of the substance which is being rendered incandescent fills the whole interval between the poles, the number of particles and degree of incandescence being smaller at the sides of the arc. We can throw an image of such an horizontal arc on a vertical slit; the slit will give then the spectrum of a section of the arc at right angles to its length. The vapor which exists farthest from the core of the arc has a much more simple spectrum than that of the core of the arc itself. The spectrum of the core consists of a large number of lines, all of which die out until the part of it farthest from the center gives but one line.
In this way the spectrum of each substance furnishes us with long and short lines, the long lines being common to the more and less intensely heated parts of the arc, and the short lines special to the more heated one. This is the first step.
It has been necessary to enter thus at length into the origin of the terms long and short lines, because almost all the subsequent work which need be referred to now has had for its object the investigation of the phenomena presented by them under different conditions. The first results obtained were as follows:
1. When a metallic vapor was subjected to admixture with another gas or vapor, or to reduced pressure, I found that its spectrum became simplified by the abstraction of the shortest lines and by the thinning of many of the remaining ones. To obtain reduction of pressure, the metals were inclosed in tubes in which a partial vacuum was produced. In all these experiments it was found that the longest lines invariably remained visible longest.
2. When we use metals chemically combined with a metalloid—in other words, when we pass from a metal to one of its salts (I used chlorine)—only the longest lines of the metal remain. The number is large in the case of elements of low atomic weight, and small In the case of elements of high atomic weight, and of twice the atom-fixing power of hydrogen.
3. When we use metals mechanically mixed, only the longest lines of the smallest constituent remain. On this point I must enlarge somewhat by referring to a series of experiments recorded in the "Philosophical Transactions" (1873).
A quantity of the larger constituent, generally from five to ten grammes, was weighed out, the weighing being accurate to the fraction of a milligramme; and the requisite quantity of the smaller constituent was calculated to give, when combined, a mixture of a definite percentage composition by weight (this being more easily obtainable than a percentage composition by volume).
The quantities generally chosen were 10, 5, 1, and 0·1 per cent.
In a few cases, with metals known to have very delicate spectral reactions, a mixture of 0·01 per cent, was prepared.
Observations were then made of the spectrum of each specimen, and the result was recorded in maps in the following manner: First, the pure spectrum of the smallest constituent was observed, and the lines laid down from Thalén's map.
The series thus mapped was as follows:
The observations showed that the lines of the smallest constituent disappeared as the quantity got less. Although we had here the germs of a quantitative spectrum analysis, the germs only were present, because from the existence of several "critical points," and great variations due to other causes, the results obtained were not constant.
In a subsequent research on the gold-copper alloys used in the coinage, Mr. Roberts, the Chemist of the Mint, and myself were able to show that the shortening in the length of the lines by reduced quantity was such a definite physical effect following upon reduced quantity, that a difference of 10000 part of copper in gold could be detected.
We are now in possession of the facts utilized in the work which has led up to the subject discussed in the present paper.
They have been utilized along two perfectly distinct lines of thought:
(1) They have been used in an attempt to enable us to produce a spectrum of a substance free from lines due to the impurities which are almost always present.
(2) They have been used to indicate the existence and amount of dissociation when acknowledged compounds have been submitted to the action of different and increasing temperatures.
I will deal with (1) first.
The elimination of impurity lines is conducted as follows: The spectrum of the element is first confronted with the spectra of the substances most likely to be present to impurities. This is most conveniently done by photographing the spectra on the same plate one above the other, so that common lines are continuous.
The retention or rejection of lines coincident in two or more spectra is determined by observing in which spectrum the line is thickest; where several elements are mapped at once, all their spectra are confronted on the same plate, as by this means the presence of one of the substances as an impurity in the others can be at once detected.
Lines due to impurities, if any are thus traced, are marked for omission from the map and their true sources recorded, while any line that is observed to vary in length and thickness in the various photographs is at once suspected to be an impurity line, and if traced to such is likewise marked for omission. I give a case.
The two lines H and K (3933 and 3968), assigned both to iron and calcium by Ångström, are proved to belong to calcium in the following way:
a. The lines are well represented in the spectrum of commercial wrought iron, but are absolutely coincident with two thick lines in the spectrum of calcium chloride with which the iron spectrum was confronted.
b. The lines are represented by mere traces in the spectrum of a specimen of pure iron prepared by the late Dr. Matthiessen. Both poles of the lamp were of iron, the lower pole consisting of an ingot of the metal which had been cast in a lime-mold.
c. The lines are altogether absent in a photograph of pure iron, where both poles of the lamp were of the pure metal not cast in lime, and they are likewise absent in a photograph of the spectrum of the Lenarto meteorite.
By eliminating lines due to impurities in the manner just described, a spectrum is at length obtained, of which every line is assignable to the particular element photographed, the same temperature being employed in the case of all the elements observed.
With regard to the second line of work, I should commence by stating that from a beautiful series of researches carried on by several methods, Mitscherlich concluded in 1864 that every compound of the first order, heated to a temperature adequate for the production of light, is not decomposed, hut exhibits a spectrum peculiar to this compound.
In some experiments of my own, communicated to the Royal Society in 1873, I observed:
First. That whether the spectra of iodides, bromides, etc, be observed in the flame or a weak spark, only the longest lines of the metals are visible, showing that only a small quantity of the simple metal is present as a result of partial dissociation, and that by increasing the temperature, and consequently the amount of dissociation, the other lines of the metal appear in the order of their length with each rise of temperature.
Secondly. I convinced myself that while in air, after the first application of heat, the spectra and metallic lines are in the main the same, in hydrogen the spectra are different for each compound, and true metallic lines are represented according to the volatility of the compound, only the very longest lines being visible in the spectrum of the least volatile compound.
Thirdly. I found that with a considerable elevation of temperature the spectrum of the compound faded almost into invisibility.
These results enable us to make the following statement:
A compound body, such as a salt of calcium, has as definite a spectrum as that given by the so-called elements; but while the spectrum of the metallic element itself consists of lines, the number and thickness of some of which increase with increased quantity, the spectrum of the compound consists in the main of channeled spaces and bands, which increase in like manner.
In short, the molecules of a simple body and a compound one are affected in the same manner by quantity in so far as their spectra are concerned; in other words, both spectra have their long and short lines, the lines in the spectrum of the element being represented by bands or fluted lines in the spectrum of the compound; and in each case the greatest simplicity of the spectrum depends upon the smallest quantity, and the greatest complexity upon the greatest.
The heat required to act upon such a compound as a salt of calcium, so as to render its spectrum visible, dissociates the compound according to its volatility; the number of true metallic lines which thus appear is a measure of the quantity of the metal resulting from the dissociation, and as the metal lines increase in number, the compound bands thin out.
These results bring us face to face with the subject-matter of the recent work.
First with regard to impurity elimination. I find that, although the method is good for detecting and eliminating impurities, there are still short-line coincidences between metals which are pure.
This "higher law" has come out in the following manner:
For the last four years I have been engaged upon the preparation of a map of the solar spectrum on a large scale, the work including a comparison of the Fraunhofer lines with those visible in the spectrum of the vapor of each of the metallic elements in the electric arc.
To give an idea of the thoroughness of the work, at all events in intention, I may state that the complete spectrum of the sun, on the scale of the working map, will be half a furlong long; that to map the metallic lines and purify the spectra in the manner described, more than 100,000 observations have been made and about 2,000 photographs taken.
In some of these photographs we have vapors compared with the sun; in others vapors compared with each other; and others again have been taken to show which lines are long and which are short in the spectra.
A rigorous application of the system of impurity elimination formed, of course, a large part of the work.
The final reduction of the photographs of all the metallic elements in the region 39-40—a reduction I began in the early part of last year—summarized all the observations of metallic spectra compared with the Fraunhofer lines accumulated during the whole period of observation, and all the results of the impurity elimination.
Now this reduction has shown me that the hypothesis that identical lines in different spectra are due to impurities is not sufficient. I show in detail in the paper the hopeless confusion in which I have been landed.
I find short-line coincidences between many metals the impurities of which have been eliminated, or in which the freedom from mutual impurity has been demonstrated by the absence of the longest lines.
The explanation of this result on the hypothesis that the elements are elementary does not lie on the surface, but it does on the assumption that they are compounds and behave like them.
This is the first point. We now pass from the results brought about at the same temperature with different substances to those observed at different temperatures with the same substance.
I find that when the temperature is greatly varied, the elements behave spectroscopically exactly as compound bodies do, as we have already seen. New lines are developed with increasing temperatures, and others fade in precisely the same way as the metallic lines made their appearance in the salts at the expense of the latter, which faded too.
In short, the observations and reasoning which I formerly employed to show how acknowledged compounds behaved in the spectroscope are now seen to indicate the compound nature of the chemical elements themselves.
In a paper communicated to the Royal Society in 1874, referring, among other matters, to the reversal of some lines in the solar spectrum, I remarked:
It is obvious that greater attention will have to be given to the precise character as well as to the position of each of the Fraunhofer lines, in the thickness of which I have already observed several anomalies. I may refer more particularly at present to the two H lines 3933 and 3968 belonging to calcium, which are much thicker in all photographs of the solar spectrum (I might have added that they were by far the thickest lines in the solar spectrum) than the largest calcium line of this region (4226·3), this latter being invariably thicker than the H lines in all photographs of the calcium spectrum, and remaining, moreover, visible in the spectrum of substances containing calcium in such small quantities as not to show any traces of the H lines.
How far this and similar variations between photographic records and the solar spectrum are due to causes incident to the photographic record itself, or to variations in the intensities of the various molecular vibrations under solar and terrestrial conditions, are questions which up to the present time I have been unable to discuss.
The progress of the work has shown that the differences here indicated are not exceptions, but are truly typical when the minute anatomy of the solar spectrum is studied.
Kirchhoff, indeed, as early as 1869 seems to have got a glimpse of the same thing, for in his memorable paper, which may justly be regarded as the basis of all subsequent work, he is careful to state that the sixty iron lines in the sun, to which he referred, only agree "as a rule" in intensity with those observed in the electric spark. Those who have given an account of his work have not always been so cautious. Indeed, I find Professor Roscoe running far beyond the record in the following sentence:
In order to map and determine the positions of the bright lines found in the electric spectra of the various metals, Kirchhoff, as I have already stated, employed the dark lines in the solar spectrum as his guides. Judge of his astonishment when he observed that dark solar lines occur in positions connected with those of all the bright iron lines! Exactly as the sodium lines were identical with Fraunhofer's lines, so for each of the iron lines, of which Kirchhoff and Ångström have mapped no less than 460, a dark solar line was seen to correspond. Not only had each line its dark representative in the solar spectrum, but the breadth and degree of shade of the two sets of lines were seen to agree in the most perfect manner, the brightest iron lines corresponding to the darkest solar lines.
This statement was made to prove the absolutely identical nature of the iron vapor in the sun's atmosphere and in the electric spark. As the statement is not true, the vapors can hardly be identical.
Such, then, is the reasoning
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باشد، آموزش زبان انگلیسی تضمینی را برای شما در نظر میگیرد.
بدین صورت مطابق با سطح اولیه شما، به شما میگوید که در انتهای دوره آموزش زبان انگلیسی به چه سطحی خواهید رسید و تا چه حد زبان انگلیسی شما پیشرفت میکند.
در نتیجه اگر میخواهید از شرکت کردن در یک دوره آموزش زبان انگلیسی اطمینان داشته باشید، کلاس زبان انگلیسی تضمینی می تواند یکی از بهترین گزینهها باشد.
منبع : مدادآموزش زبان انگلیسی...
زبان یعنی برقراری ارتباط میان انسانها و هنگامیکه شخصی یک زبان جدیدی مثل زبان انگلیسی را یاد میگیرد، به دنبال تقویت مکالمه آن زبان است.
زبان آموزان با تقویت مکالمه انگلیسی خود میتوانند بهراحتی در هر جای این دنیا با دیگران ارتباط برقرار کنند. اگر هدفتان این است که یک مکالمه روان داشنه باشید باید از بین چهار مهارت های شنیداری یا لیسنینگ، گفتاری یا اسپیکینگ، نوشتاری یا رایتینگ و در نهایت خواندن یا ریدینگ بر روی دو مهارت شنیداری و گفتاری تمرکز کنید.
مرتبط بخوانید: تدریس خصوصی زبان
در ادامه این مطلب به بررسی برخی از راهکارهای تقویت مکالمه میپردازیم.
تماشاکردن فیلم و سریال
احتمالاً تا به حال در مورد تأثیرات تماشا کردن فیلم و سریال و بر روی تقویت مهارتهای زبانی بسیار شنیدهاید؛ باید بدانید که این کار ارتباط تنگاتنگی با تقویت مکالمه انگلیسی نیز دارد. از آنجاییکه با تماشاکردن هر فیلم شما میتوانید مکالماتی که بین بازیگران هست را بشنوید و از آنها الگوبرداری کنید، به سرعت میتوانید مکالمهی روان تری داشته باشید.
سعی کنید دانش زبانی خودتان را از این طریق به مرور گسترش دهید.اگر در سطوح مبتدی قرار دارید هیچ اشکالی ندارد که دفعات اول فیلم را با زیرنویس حتی فارسی نگاه کنید. اما برای آنکه تأثیر بسیار بهتری بر روی تقویت اسپیکینگ و لیسنینگ شما داشته باشد توصیه میکنیم که هر فیلم را دو بار تماشا کنید، یک بار با زیرنویس و بار دیگر بدون زیرنویس.
برای انتخاب فیلم البته این نکته را در نظر بگیرید که فیلم موردنظر شما مطابق با سلیقه شما باشد تا بتوانید این کار را به طور مداوم و مستمر انجام دهید.همچنین به خاطر داشته باشید که زبان انگلیسی، زبان مادری شما نیست. پس اگر متوجه بخشهایی از فیلم نمیشوید، امری بسیار طبیعی است. درنتیجه از این کار ناامید نشده نشوید تا تاثیر شگفتانگیز آن را ببینید.
برای تقویت مکالمه انگلیسی، با صدای بلند صحیت کنید
برای تقویت مکالمه انگلیسی شما نیاز دارید که صدای خودتان را بشنوید. در نتیجه اگر حتی ساعتها به خواندن کتابهای مختلف بپردازید؛پادکست های متفاوتی را گوش بدهید و هرشب به تماشا کردن یک فیلم بنشینید، درنهایت نیاز دارید تا به زبان انگلیسی صحبت کنید و صدای خودتان را بشنوید
مرتبط بخوانی: تدریس انلاین زبان انگلیسی
درست است که انجام دادن تمرینات لیسنینگ و یا حتی شنیدن موسیقی تأثیر بسیار زیادی بر تقویت مهارت اسپیکینگ شما یا تقویت مکالمه انگلیسی میگذارد اما در کنار آن باید صحبت کردن به زبان انگلیسی را فراموش نکنید.
بسیاری از زبانآموزان می گویند با افرادی که بتوانند به زبان انگلیسی صحبت کنند در ارتباط نیستند و به همین بهانه خودشان نیز مکالمه انگلیسی را ترک میکنند. اما باید به شما بگویم شما لزوماً به فردی که بتواند به زبان انگلیسی صحبت کند نیازی ندارید.
حتی اگر به زبان انگلیسی فکر کنید و با خودتان صحبت کنید حتی پس از مدتی شاهد پیشرفت مکالمه انگلیسی خود خواهید بود. پس از صحبت کردن با خودتان آن هم با صدای بلند نهراسید. در هر زمان نهایت سعی خود را بکنید تا از آنچه که جدیداً یاد گرفتهاید در مکالمه انگلیسی خود استفاده کنید.
گسترش دایره واژگان
گسترش دایره واژگان شما و یاد گرفتن اصطلاحات زبان انگلیسی باعث میشود تا شما حین صحبت کردن بتوانید بهراحتی ایدههای خود را به مخاطب خود برسانید.
هر چه شما لغات بیشتری بلد باشید و بتوانید از آنها در مکالمه خود استفاده کنید، برقراری ارتباط سریعتر و راحتتر اتفاق میافتد.
البته به خاطر داشته باشید که دانش واژگان هر فرد به دو دسته تقسیم میشود: دسته اول واژگانی است که شخص صرفاً با دیدن آنها متوجه معنی لغت میشود و یا حتی فقط آن لغت برایش آشناست . اما بخش دوم مربوط به دسته واژگانی است که بارها و بارها برای شخص تکرار شده و نهتنها معنی بلکه جایگاه و زمان استفاده درست استفاده آنها برای زبانآموز کاملاً واضح است.
درنتیجه به هنگام مکالمه کردن به زبان انگلیسی میتواند بهراحتی از آنها استفاده کند. اگر میخواهید واژگان جدیدی را که یاد میگیرید، در ذهن شما نهادینه شود. راهی جز مرور و تکرار آنها وجود ندارد. منظور ما از مرور و تکرار صرفاً بارها و بارها خواندن جزوه لغات شما نیست؛ اگرچه که این کار لازم است.
اما در کنار آن تقویت مهارتهای زبانی بسیار به یکدیگر وابسته بوده و به طور مثال شما با تماشا کردن فیلم ممکن است بسیاری از لغاتی را که قبلاً شنیده اید و یاد گرفتهاید برایتان مرور و تکرار شود .
در پایان تقویت مکالمه انگلیسی برای هر زبان آموزی که به یادگیری این زبان پرداخته است ضروری و لازم است و شما با به کارگیری روش های ذکر شده میتوانید در سریعترین زمان ممکن به نتیجه دلخواه خود برسید.
منبع: مدادآموزش زبان انگلیسی...
در طی سالهای تدریسم چه در مجموعه انگلیشدان و چه در سایر موسسات آموزش زبان انگلیسی، بسیاری از زبانآموزان را دیدهام که برای بار اولشان نبوده است که به یادگیری زبان انگلیسی پرداخته اند. خیلی از آنها مدتها قبل مطالعه این زبان را شروع کرده بودند و به هر دلیلی پس از مدت کوتاهی آن را رها کردهاند. بعدها متوجه این مسئله شدهاند که تا چه اندازه دانستن زبان انگلیسی در زندگی آنها اهمیت دارد؛ پس دوباره گام در این مسیر گذاشته و یادگیری زبان انگلیسی را شروع کردهاند. اگر شما چنین فردی نبودهاید، احتمالاً اطرافیان خودتان دیدهاید که فردی حتی مدتها به کلاس زبان رفته یا به صورت خود خوان زبان انگلیسی را در منزل تمرین کرده، اما به هر دلیلی پس از گذشت مدتی این کار را رها کرده است.
درنتیجه با مرور زمان تقریباً تمام آنچه را که نیز یاد گرفته بود فراموش کرده است. بهراستی دلیل این مسئله چیست؟ عوامل بسیاری میتوانند به این مشکل منجر شود تا در پایان به خود بگویید چرا زبان انگلیسی را یاد نمیگیرم؟
ما باور داریم که شروع یادگیری یک زبان جدید و قدم گذاشتن در این مسیر بسیار حائز اهمیت و همچنین نیازمند انگیزه و هدفمند بودن است.
در کنار آن نیز بسیاری از عوامل برای ادامه این مسیر مؤثر خواهند بود؛ چراکه ادامه دادن این مسیر به همان اندازه، بلکه بیشتر از شروع اولیه اهمیت دارد. همانطور که میدانید عادات ما شکلدهنده رفتارهای ما هستند، در یادگیری زبان انگلیسی هم زبان آموزانی که عادات درستی دارند میتوانند مسیر خود را تا انتها ادامه داده و به هدفشان برسند. بنابراین در این مطلب سعی داریم تا برخی از عادات یک زبانآموز موفق که به ثابتقدم ماندن در مسیر یادگیری زبان به او کمک میکند به شما معرفی کنیم.
برنامه ریزی کنید
یکی از مهمترین عواملی که نه فقط در مسیر یادگیری زبان، بلکه در هر یک از مسیرهای زندگی، در هر مقطعی و در هر مرحلهای که انسانها میخواهند به هدفی برسند باید به آن توجه کنند، این است که برنامهریزی داشته باشند. مخصوصاً که اگر یک راه طولانی درپیش رو دارند. بسیاری از اوقات پیش میآید که در ابتدا به دلیل انگیزه بسیار بالا یک کاری را شروع میکنیم و در روزهای اولیه ساعتهای نسبتاً زیادی را به انجام آن کار اختصاص میدهیم.
اما با گذشت زمان شاید دلسرد شویم و به مرور وقتی که به آن کار برای آن کار میگذاریم کمتر و کمتر شود. اگر میخواهید یک زبانآموز موفقی باشید، بهتر است از همان ابتدای مسیر برای خودتان برنامهریزی کنید بدین صورت نه در روزهای اولیه بیش از حد این کار را انجام میدهید و نه پس از گذشته چند روز کاملاً این کار را ترک میکنید.
ازآنجاییکه هدف هر شخص برای یادگیری زبان انگلیسی با دیگری متفاوت است نمیتوان یک برنامه مشخص را به همه افراد گفت و از آنها خواست که همان را دقیق انجام بدهند.بلکه هر شخصی باید با توجه به موقعیت، وقت و نتیجهای که میخواهد از آن بگیرد برنامهریزی متفاوتی داشته باشد.
اما بهطورکلی ما به شما پیشنهاد میکنیم تا حتماً هر روز وقتی را به این کار اختصاص دهید. این نکته را نیز به یاد داشته باشید اگر قصد شما رسیدن به سطوح بالا و داشتن مکالمه سلیس و روان است حتماً در برنامهریزی خود هر روز یک تمرین لیسنینگ یا شنیداری مثلا گوش دادن به یک فایل صوتی یا دیدن بخش فیلم را بگنجانید.
همچنین یک تایمی را برای صحبت کردن خودتان و مکالمه به زبان انگلیسی در نظر بگیرید. بسیاری از افراد هستند که تمرین زبان انگلیسی را فقط حل کردن تمرین های کتاب می دانند اما تمرینات شنیداری و در کنار آن گفتاری اثراتی به مراتب بالاتر از صرفاً حل کردن تمرینات کتاب برای شما خواهد داشت.در پایان یک برنامهریزی مستمر و هر روز که شامل تمرینات گفتاری و شنیداری مکمل با یکدیگر باشد میتواند شما را در کوتاهترین زمان ممکن به هدفتان از یادگیری زبان برساند.
علاقه و مطالعه زبان انگلیسی در کنار هم
یکی دیگر از عواملی که باعث میشود بسیاری از زبانآموزان اواسط در اواسط مسیر یادگیری زبان انگلیسی این کار را رها کرده و چرا زبان انگلیسی یاد نمیگیرم را بدون پاسخ رها کنند، این است که علاقهای به آن نشان نداده و انگیزه خود را از دست میدهند.
درست است که برای شروع یادگیری باید هدفمند بود. اما زبان انگلیسی را نباید بهعنوان یک درس مثل فیزیک یا ریاضیات در نظر گرفت که تک بعدی است. شما به هر چیزی که علاقه داشته باشید میتوانید بهراحتی آن را با زبان انگلیسی ادغام کنید و در این صورت از یادگیری آن لذت ببرید.
همیشه افراد وقتی به انجام کاری مجبور بودهاند یا خودشان را مجبور به انجام دادن یک کاری که دلخواهشان نیست میکنند، نمیتوانند با علاقه آن کار را انجام دهند و دوست دارند که هرچه زودتر از انجام دادن این کار خلاصی یابند.
ولی اگر شما علاقه خودتان را بتوانید به نحوی با زبان انگلیسی ترکیب کنید به نظر میآید هرگز مطالعه زبان انگلیسی را ترک نخواهید کرد و اصلاً حس نمیکنید که درحال مطالعه یادگیری زبان انگلیسی هستید.
تماشاکردن فیلم و سریال تقویت زبان انگلیسی، گوش دادن به موزیک و مطالعه کتاب سه عاملی است که تقریباً اگر به هر سه آنها هم علاقهمند نباشید حتماً به یکی از آنها علاقهمند هستید. سه مورد ذکر شده روشهای بسیار مؤثری برای تقویت زبان انگلیسی هستند.
پس از همین امروز شروع کنید! و یادگیری زبان انگلیسی غیر مستقیم را یکی از عادتهای خوب خودتان قرار دهید.
منبع: مدادآموزش زبان انگلیسی...A fuel cell small enough and efficient enough to heat small homes and power cars? That’s what engineers at the University of Minnesota say they have developed. This prototype reactor produces hydrogen from corn-based ethanol. The fuel cell then acts like a battery and generates power.
This new reactor could potentially capture 50 percent of the energy stored in sugar (corn) as opposed to the 20 percent captured in conventional ethanol production for use in cars. This could lead the way in making renewable hydrogen that is mor economical and available.
Currently, hydrogen is expensive to make requiring huge amounts of fossil fuels but, according to the developers, the ethanol operated reactor can produce hydrogen exclusively from ethanol, making it cheap enough that people can afford to buy hydrogen fuel cells for personal use.
This new process holds great potential for the Midwest farmers growing corn for ethanol production and ethanol producers als well.
(Vgl. Meldung vom 2003-03-26.)
Source: The Alcohol Times-Newsletter, March 2004.İSVEÇ POSTASI
İsveç’te 2 Temmuz Cuma gününden bu yana koronadan 2 kişi yaşamını yitirirken 850 de yeni vaka tespit edildi. Koronavirüsünün yeni varyantları dünyayı tehdit etmeye devam ediyor. Rusya’da son 24 saatte 737 kişi yaşamını yitirdi.
Rusya yeni bir koronavirüs dalgasıyla karşı karşıya ve sözde delta varyantı hızla yayılıyor. Moskova Belediye Başkanı Sergei Sobyanin'e göre, başkent Moskova'daki yeni vakaların yüzde 90'ı delta varyantı ilgi olduğunu söylüyor.
İngiliz makamları, delta varyantına karşı korumanın daha düşük olduğunu da belirtmişlerdir. Ancak enfeksiyona karşı etkin mücadele biraz daha yüksek, yüzde 88 dolaylarında buluınuyor.
The Guardian, ABD'nin bugün Dünya Sağlık Örgütü'nün Covax programı aracılığıyla Vietnam'a iki milyon doz korona aşısı gönderdiğini bildirdi. Bunlar Moderna dozları ve bu hafta sonu ülkeye varmaları bekleniyor.
Dün Malezya'ya bir milyon doz gönderildi ve yakında ABD'nin Endonezya'ya dört milyon doz göndermesi bekleniyor. Kamboçya, Laos, Papua Yeni Gine, Filipinler ve Tayland'ın da toplam 80 milyon dozluk ABD Covax bağışı alması bekleniyor.مشاهده از قسمت بالا
فوتبالیستها (به ژاپنی: がんばれ!キッカーズ Ganbare! Kikkāzu) نام یک مجموعه مانگا ژاپنی به طراحی نوریاکی ناگایی است که از سال ۱۹۸۵ تا ۱۹۸۹ توسط شوگاکوکان در مجله کروکرو در ژاپن منتشر میشد. بر اساس این مانگا، یک مجموعه انیمه ۲۶ قسمتی نیز توسط استودیو پیروت به سالهای ۱۹۸۶–۱۹۸۷ تولید شد. این مجموعه در ژاپن نتوانست بینندگان زیادی را جلب کند، (شاید به دلیل رقابت با کاپیتان سوبا که همزمان با این مجموعه پخش میشد) و پس از ۲۱ قسمت، پخش آن در ژاپن متوقف شد.[۱] در ایران این مجموعه با حذف چندین شخصیت کلیدی داستان، از شبکه اول سیمای جمهوری اسلامی وشبکه پویا به صورت ناقص (کمتر از ۲۱ قسمت) پخش شد.
با وجود اینکه نزدیک به پانزده سال از پخش آخرین قسمت مجموعه کاپیتان سوباسا که در ایران با نام «فوتبالیست ها» شناخته می شود، می گذرد اما همچنان این انیمه بین نسل های مختلف طرفداران زیادی داشته و حالا کاپیتان سوباسا نه فقط اثری جریان ساز، بلکه به نمادی برای ژاپنی ها تبدیل شده است. جستجو کنید تحصیلات دوره ای آنلاین را مطالعات مدیریت در مارتینیک (فرانسه) 2021
با اتمام برنامه تحصیلی و اخذ گواهینامه تکمیلی، افراد متخصص می توانند مجموعه مهارت های خویش را ارتقاء بخشند یا برای ترفیع در حوزه شغلی خویش واجد شرایط گردند. دانشجویانی که این گواهینامه را اخذ می نمایند، به دلیل افزایش دانش خود می توانند به سرعت در حرفه خویش پیشرفت نمایند.
در برنامه مدیریت، دانشجویان می توانند مهارت های مهم بازرگانی و کسب و کار مانند ارتباطات، به نمایش گذاردن توانمندی های خود، برنامه ریزی و تشکیل تیم را بیاموزند. بسیاری از برنامه های تحصیلی همچنین بر اخلاق و تفاوت های فرهنگی در محیط کار توجه خاص دارند. این موضوعات اغلب به دانشجویان کمک می نماید تا پس از تحصیلات خود، سمت های مدیریتی اولیه را بپذیرند.
دانشجویان برای مهارت های خود را به زبان فرانسوی ممکن است دریابید که تحصیل در یک فرصت خوبی برای انجام این کار فراهم می کند. قرار گرفتن در معرض ترکیبی از تأثیرات فرانسه و کارائیب همچنین می تواند یک ترفند برای تحصیل در این کشور جزیره ای است. دانش آموزان ممکن است تبدیل شدن با یک چشم انداز کاملا متفاوت فرهنگی آشنا لذت ببرید.
درخواست اطلاعات کنید درباره برتر برنامه های گواهینامه تحصیلات تکمیلی آنلاین را مطالعات مدیریت در مارتینیک (فرانسه) 2021
1نتایج درمطالعات مدیریت, مارتینیک (چاپی) Filter
لا صدور گواهینامه RNCP EST délivrée همتراز لا کمیسیون ملی د لا صدور گواهینامه PROFESSIONNELLE (CNCP)، placée سو autorité L'DU MINISTERE DU درد زایمان. تشکیل Chaque inscrite ré ...你知道飞机有倒档吗？
每每您乘座飞机的情况下是不是有那样的疑虑——飞机有倒挡吗？大部分民航客机是沒有倒档的，缘故有以下几个方面：
第一，飞机是一种安全性能规定非常高的机械设备，大家都知道，一个机械设备商品，构造越繁杂，出常见故障的概率就越大。当代飞机上的系统结构全是不必要度设计方案的，也就是一个主用，好多个预留，主用常见故障的情况下自动启动备用系统，因此要在飞机上用上倒档，就务必最少装三套机器设备，乘务长一套，前座一套，也要最少有一套预留的，这会大大增加飞机的多元性和常见故障的概率，给设计方案生产制造、实际操作和维护保养都产生非常大的压力。
第二，要有倒档就务必要有向后的动力，或是有反方向的齿轮传动，当代飞机的动力来源于只有一个，便是发动机，而发动机不论是涡轮增压還是活塞机的，都只有出示往前的动力，不象轿车，动力从发动机出去，能够由变速器随便操纵，更改传动齿轮的尺寸和方位就可以更改车的扭距和方位。比如如今民用航空用的数最多的涡轮风扇发动机，它造成推力的唯一方式 便是散热风扇呼吸，历经关键段点燃后作功，向后喷
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1. Make Information Actionable
The ability to act on information is what often separates successful companies from those less successful. Yet, many people don’t because they distrust information, often because they cannot confirm its accuracy, freshness or completeness. A study by AIIM in 2009 concluded that "52% of organizations have 'little or no confidence' that their electronic information is 'accurate, accessible, and trusthworthy'".
To trust information, people need to know who provided a piece of information and when. Information systems need to provide transparency by making it possible to trace a piece of information back to its author. By doing so, they also provide an opportunity for the user to contact the author directly to confirm the quality of the information, but also to ask for any additional information that is needed to act upon it. The information becomes more trustworthy and thus also actionable.
2. Avoid Unnecessary Risk Taking
We don’t expect openness and collaboration to generate what they do. We overestimate the risks. We underestimate the risks of closed systems and overestimate closed systems’ benefits."
James Boyle , chairman of Creative Commons根据发表在《科学报告》期刊的研究，海豚的一种致命皮肤病与气候危机有关。图为澳洲瓶鼻海豚。图片来源：Michael J Fromholtz／维基百科（CC BY-SA 3.0）
（神秘的地球uux.cn报道）据环境资讯中心（姜唯 编译；林大利 审校）：英国《独立报》（The Independent）报导，根据本月发表在《科学报告》（Scientific Reports）期刊的研究，海豚的一种致命皮肤病与气候危机有关，具体来说是和暴风雨变得更加频繁、强度增加，导致沿海水域盐度下降有关。
2020年飓风数量破纪录 而疾病爆发处 常见海水咸度急剧下降
这项研究是全球最大海洋哺乳动物医院──加州索萨里托市海洋哺乳动物中心和澳洲研究人员合作进行。
15年前科学家首次在瓶鼻海豚（Common Bottleneck Dolphin，学名：Tursiops truncatus）身上观察到「淡水皮肤病」，后来陆续在世界各地海洋哺乳动物身上发现。今日是学界第一次将这种疾病归因于气候变迁。
海洋哺乳动物中心首席病理学家杜威南（Pádraig Duignan）博士说：「自卡崔娜飓风以来，不断有海豚死于这种皮肤病，现在终于能确定问题所在。」
「今年墨西哥湾的飓风季节特别严重，加上气候变迁让全球风暴系统愈来愈强，我们认为肯定会有更多海豚因此死亡。」
2020年大西洋强度大到可以命名的飓风数量破纪录。科学家们说，气候危机加剧了飓风的强度，因为热带气旋以温暖潮湿的空气为燃料，而且随着海洋变暖，燃料愈来愈多。
近年来，在美国路易斯安那州、密西西比州、阿拉巴马州、佛罗里达州和德克萨斯州附近海域的海豚都发现了这种疾病的大爆发。而疾病爆发的地方，常见海水咸度急剧下降。沿海海豚可以应付其海洋栖息地盐度季节性变化，但它们毕竟并非生活在淡水中。
研究指出，严重的飓风和气旋带来不寻常的降雨，使沿海水域变得更淡，尤其是在干旱过后。
科学家：淡水皮肤病已影响到濒绝澳洲瓶鼻海豚
在卡崔娜和哈维等级的飓风袭击了沿海地区后，海水变淡的状况可能持续数月。在2005年卡崔娜飓风后，科学家首次在纽奥尔良附近约40只瓶鼻海豚身上发现淡水皮肤病。
随着气候危机的加剧，海豚的生存前景堪忧。在澳洲，研究人员指出，疾病已经影响到濒临灭绝的澳洲瓶鼻海豚（Burrunan dolphin，学名：Tursiops australis）。
但是杜威南博士说，这个线索将使科学家和保育专家找出更好的方法来保护沿海海豚族群。世界自然保育联盟的濒危物种红皮书本月发表调查结果，称所有四种已知的淡水海豚物种都面临灭绝的威胁，部分原因是气候危机。
世界自然保育联盟成员克雷格．希尔顿–泰勒（Craig Hilton-Taylor）说，人类活动的影响促使许多物种濒临灭绝。泰勒向媒体表示：「所有（物种濒临灭绝）都跟人类活动脱不了关系，无论是直接狩猎、捕鱼还是采集，或是引入外来物种、将栖息地转为农业、城市化、气候变迁……人类足迹无处不在。」
生活在亚马逊河系统中的南美长吻海豚现在被列为「濒危物种」。人类活动使它的数量严重减少，包括渔具、在河流的筑坝以及污染。过去没有足够的资讯来确定这个物种的状态。
世界自然保育联盟提到另外几种淡水哺乳类物种，包括亚马逊江豚、南亚江豚、中国的白鱀豚和长江露脊鼠海豚都是受威胁物种，其中白鱀豚也有可能已经灭绝。
参考资料：《独立报》（2020年12月29日），Fatal skin disease in dolphins linked to climate crisis
本文转载自「环境资讯中心」网站，内容由许多专家学者及民间环团，提供国内外环境教育与环保资讯；主题涵盖全球变迁、温室气体控制、环保生活、环境污染防治、生态保育、能源节约与能源效率、绿建筑等各面向。期许能替没有选票的山林、湿地、海洋、土地发声。درباره پیزوتیفن
|نوع دارو
|داروی ضد میگرن
|استفاده برای
|برای پیشگیری از میگرن و سردردهای میگرنی (در بزرگسالان و کودکان بزرگتر)
|همچنین به نام
|پیزوتیلین (در ایالات متحده)
|موجود به عنوان
|قرص
پیزوتیفن برای جلوگیری از سردردهای مزاحم مانند میگرن و سردردهای ضربان دار مکرر مصرف می شود. همچنین برای درمان سردردهای خوشه ای استفاده می شود. اینها سردردهایی هستند که پشت سر هم در زمان های خاصی از سال رخ می دهند و معمولاً بین ۶ تا ۱۲ هفته طول می کشند.
بدن شما مواد شیمیایی تولید می کند که در برخی موارد ممکن است در ایجاد سردرد نقش داشته باشد. این مواد شیمیایی «سروتونین»، «تریپتامین» و «هیستامین» هستند. پیزوتیفن به توقف اثر این مواد شیمیایی کمک می کند.
برای جلوگیری از شروع حملات میگرنی، پیزوتیفن باید هر روز مصرف شود. ممکن است هر حمله میگرنی را به طور کامل متوقف نکند، اما تعداد و شدت حملات شما باید کاهش یابد. اگرچه می تواند به کاهش تعداد حملات شما کمک کند، اما در تسکین حمله میگرنی که قبلاً شروع شده است مؤثر نیست.
قبل از مصرف پیزوتیفن
برخی از داروها برای افراد با شرایط خاص مناسب نیستند و گاهی اوقات تنها در صورت مراقبت بیشتر می توان از دارو استفاده کرد. به این دلایل، قبل از شروع مصرف پیزوتیفن، مهم است که پزشکتان بداند:
- اگر باردار هستید یا در دوران شیردهی هستید.
- اگر فشار چشم شما افزایش یافته است، وضعیتی به نام گلوکوم.
- اگر در دفع ادرار مشکل داشتید.
- اگر تا به حال دچار حملات یا صرع شده اید.
- اگر در عملکرد کبد خود مشکلی دارید یا در عملکرد کلیه ها مشکلی دارید.
- اگر داروی دیگری مصرف می کنید. این شامل هر دارویی است که بدون نسخه قابل خرید است و همچنین داروهای گیاهی و مکمل.
- اگر تا به حال به یک دارو واکنش آلرژیک داشته اید.
نحوه مصرف پیزوتیفن
- قبل از شروع درمان، بروشور اطلاعات چاپ شده سازنده را از داخل بسته مطالعه کنید. اطلاعات بیشتری در مورد پیزوتیفن به شما می دهد و همچنین لیست کاملی از عوارض جانبی که ممکن است از مصرف آن تجربه کنید را در اختیار شما قرار می دهد.
- قرص ها را دقیقا همانطور که پزشک به شما گفته است مصرف کنید. دستورالعمل مصرف قرص ها را روی برچسب بسته پیدا خواهید کرد تا به شما یادآوری کند که دکتر به شما چه گفته است. دو قوت قرص وجود دارد: ۵۰۰ میکروگرم و ۱.۵ میلی گرم. معمولاً با مصرف یک قرص ۵۰۰ میکروگرمی در روز قبل از خواب شروع می شود. سپس ممکن است دوز شما به تدریج به دوز نگهدارنده معمولی ۱.۵ میلی گرم در روز افزایش یابد (به عنوان یک دوز روزانه قبل از خواب مصرف شود یا به سه دوز کوچکتر تقسیم شود).
- قرص را با یک نوشیدنی آب ببلعید. سعی کنید دوزهای خود را هر روز در زمان(های) یکسانی از روز مصرف کنید، زیرا این به شما کمک می کند مصرف منظم پیزوتیفن را به خاطر بسپارید. می توانید قرص را با غذا یا بدون غذا مصرف کنید.
- اگر فراموش کردید که یک نوبت را در زمان معمول خود مصرف کنید، به محض یادآوری آن را مصرف کنید (مگر اینکه زمان مصرف نوبت بعدی نزدیک است، در این صورت دوز فراموش شده را رها کنید و نوبت بعدی را طبق معمول مصرف کنید). دو دوز را با هم مصرف نکنید تا دوز فراموش شده را جبران کنید.
بیشترین بهره را از درمان خود ببرید
- سعی کنید قرارهای منظم خود را با پزشک خود نگه دارید. این به این دلیل است که پزشک شما بتواند پیشرفت شما را بررسی کند.
- برای برخی افراد ممکن است مواردی وجود داشته باشد که باعث حمله شود. اینها می تواند شامل برخی از غذاها (به عنوان مثال، پنیر، شکلات و شراب قرمز)، نگرانی، نور شدید خورشید، خواب زیاد یا خیلی کم، و حذف وعده های غذایی باشد. سعی کنید از چیزهایی که مشکوک به سردرد شما هستند اجتناب کنید.
- پیزوتیفن می تواند باعث خواب آلودگی شود. ممکن است پزشک به شما توصیه کند که در حین مصرف قرص ها الکل ننوشید، زیرا الکل باعث افزایش خواب آلودگی می شود.
- بعید است که پیزوتیفن به طور کامل سردرد شما را متوقف کند. ممکن است برای شما مفید باشد که یک دفترچه خاطرات میگرن برای نظارت بر عملکرد آن مفید باشد. یادداشت کنید هر حمله چه زمانی و کجا شروع شد، چه میکردید و چه چیزی در آن روز خوردهاید. ممکن است الگویی ظاهر شود و ممکن است شما از برخی مواردی که باعث حملات شما می شود اجتناب کنید.
- اگر با وجود مصرف پیزوتیفن، حمله میگرنی رخ داد، همچنان میتوانید از مسکن یا داروی تریپتان برای کاهش درد و بیماری استفاده کنید.
آیا پیزوتیفن می تواند مشکل ایجاد کند؟
بیشتر داروها علاوه بر اثرات مفیدشان، می توانند عوارض جانبی ناخواسته ای ایجاد کنند، اگرچه همه آنها را تجربه نمی کنند. جدول زیر شامل برخی از رایج ترین موارد مرتبط با پیزوتیفن است. فهرست کاملی را در بروشور اطلاعات سازنده که همراه با داروی شما ارائه می شود، خواهید دید. اثرات ناخواسته اغلب با سازگاری بدن شما با داروی جدید بهبود می یابند، اما اگر هر یک از موارد زیر ادامه یافت یا دردسرساز شد، با پزشک یا داروساز خود صحبت کنید.
|عوارض جانبی بسیار شایع پیزوتیفن (این عوارض بیش از ۱ نفر از هر ۱۰ نفر را تحت تاثیر قرار می دهد)
|اگر این را تجربه کنم چه کاری می توانم انجام دهم؟
|افزایش اشتها و افزایش وزن
|سعی کنید از یک رژیم غذایی متعادل استفاده کنید
|عوارض جانبی رایج پیزوتیفن (این موارد کمتر از ۱ نفر از هر ۱۰ نفر را تحت تاثیر قرار می دهد)
|اگر این را تجربه کنم چه کاری می توانم انجام دهم؟
|احساس خواب آلودگی، یا خستگی
|در هنگام آسیب رانندگی نکنید و از ابزار یا ماشین آلات استفاده نکنید. الکل ننوشید
|دهان خشک
|سعی کنید آدامس های بدون قند بجوید یا شیرینی های بدون قند بمکید
|احساس بیماری (تهوع)
|به غذاهای ساده پایبند باشید – از غذاهای چرب یا تند پرهیز کنید
اگر علائم دیگری را تجربه کردید که فکر می کنید ممکن است به دلیل مصرف قرص باشد، برای مشاوره بیشتر با پزشک یا داروساز خود صحبت کنید.
نحوه نگهداری پیزوتیفن
- تمام داروها را دور از دسترس و دید کودکان نگهداری کنید.
- در جای خشک و خنک، دور از حرارت و نور مستقیم نگهداری شود.
اطلاعات مهم در مورد همه داروها
|هرگز بیش از دوز تجویز شده مصرف نکنید. اگر مشکوک هستید که ممکن است شما یا شخص دیگری بیش از حد از این دارو مصرف کرده باشید، فوراً به بخش حوادث و اورژانس بیمارستان محلی خود مراجعه کنید. ظرف را حتی اگر خالی باشد با خود ببرید.
اگر در حال انجام عمل جراحی یا هر گونه درمان دندانپزشکی هستید، به فردی که درمان را انجام می دهد بگویید چه داروهایی مصرف می کنید.
در صورت خرید هر دارویی، با یک داروساز مشورت کنید که برای مصرف با سایر داروهای شما مناسب است.
این دارو برای شماست. هرگز آن را به افراد دیگر ندهید، حتی اگر به نظر می رسد که شرایط آنها مانند شما باشد.
داروهای تاریخ گذشته یا ناخواسته را نگه ندارید. آنها را به داروخانه محلی خود ببرید تا آنها را برای شما دفع کند.
اگر در مورد این دارو سوالی دارید از داروساز خود بپرسید.نماینده تشکلهای گردشگری مناطق آزاد کشور از ایجاد تشکلهای حرفهای گردشگری در جزیره کیش به عنوان طرح پایلوت مناطق آزاد خبر داد.
مسیح الله صفا در گفتگو با خبرنگار مانا بیان داشت: طی جلساتی که با مسئولان سازمان منطقه آزاد کیش برگزار کردیم، مقرر شد در راستای ارتقای صنعت گردشگری کیش به زودی تشکلهای حرفهای گردشگری در جزیره ایجاد شود.
رئیس جامعه هتل داران کیش، اظهار داشت: با این اقدام تمام صنوف فعال در صنعت گردشگری جزیره یک دست خواهند شد و عملکرد آنها ارتقا خواهد یافت.
وی خاطرنشان ساخت: بر این اساس و با ایجاد تشکلهای حرفهای گردشگری کیش در حال برنامه ریزی برای تعریف و ایجاد ۱۶ بخش گردشگری در کیش هستیم.
صفا یادآور شد: همچنین قرار است ۵۷۶ رویداد گردشگری نیز در طول سال در جزیره برگزار شود که نقش مهمی در توسعه هر چه بیشتر صنعت گردشگری کیش خواهد داشت.
نماینده تشکلهای گردشگری مناطق آزاد کشور عنوان کرد: در صورت موفق عمل کردن تشکلهای حرفهای گردشگری در کیش این طرح در سایر مناطق آزاد کشور نیز اجرایی خواهد شد.
وی در ادامه گفتههای خود عملکرد مدیریت جدید سازمان منطقه آزاد کیش در رونق هر چه بیشتر صنعت گردشگری را بسیار مثبت ارزیابی کرد و گفت: در سال ۱۴۰۱ شاهد تحولات عملی در صنعت گردشگری جزیره بوده ایم.
به گفته این فعال بخش خصوصی در صنعت گردشگری جزیره کیش، ورود گردشگران به جزیره کیش با شروع فصل پاییز با رونق قابل توجهی همراه بوده است که امیدواریم در ادامه سال با توجه به برنامه ریزیهای صورت گرفته از سوی سازمان منطقه آزاد کیش در زمینه گردشگری، شاهد افزایش چشمگیر گردشگران ورودی به جزیره تا پایان تعطیلات نوروزی باشیم.
صفا در ادامه به حمایت ویژه سازمان منطقه آزاد از سرمایه گذاران بخش خصوصی اشاره کرد و بیان داشت: این امر باعث شده تا رغبت سرمایه گذاری در صنعت گردشگری کیش افزایش یابد و متقاضیان برای ورود به صنعت توریسم جزیره با افزایش همراه باشد.
وی اظهار امیدواری کرد: با برنامه ریزیهای در حال انجام و همکاری مشترک سازمان منطقه آزاد کیش و سرمایه گذاران بخش خصوصی شاهد شکوفایی هر چه بیشتر صنعت گردشگری کیش باشیم.
گفتنی است، ماه گذشته انتخابات مجمع تشکلهای گردشگری کشور برگزار شد که طی آن مسیح الله صفا؛ رئیس جامعه هتل داران کیش به عنوان یکی از اعضای هیات مدیره مجمع و نیز نماینده تشکلهای گردشگری مناطق آزاد کشور برگزیده شد.UEFA, Şampiyonlar Ligi ve Avrupa Ligi maçlarının ertelendiğini duyurdu.
Avrupa Futbol Federasyonları Birliği (UEFA), önümüzdeki hafta oynanacak Şampiyonlar Ligi ve Avrupa Ligi maçlarının ertelendiğini açıkladı.
FRANSA'DA LİGLER SÜRESİZ ERTELENDİ
Geçtiğimiz hafta koronavirüsü nedeniyle seyirci kısıtlaması getirilen Fransa Birinci Futbol Ligi de süresiz şekilde askıya alındı. Fransa Futbol Federasyonu'ndan yapılan açıklamada, Ligue 1 ve Ligue 2 dahil olmak üzere, tüm kategorilerdeki liglerin ve maçların bugünden itibaren, süresiz askıya alındığı ifade edildi.
Daha önce de İtalya ve İspanya gibi ligler ertelenmişti.
İlgili GalerilerWhat is the summmary of "Misery" by Anton Chekhov?
A father’s grief—this is the essence of the story “Misery” by Anton Chekhov. Anyone who has suffered the loss of a loved one can understand the feelings of Iona Potapov, whose son died about a week ago. Chekhov provides introspection into the attitudes and lack of human involvement. when men are confronted with the intense pain felt by the protagonist in the story, they choose to look the other way.
The narration of the story is third person point of view with a limited omniscient narrator. The tone of the story circulates around the deep sadness and lack of compassion given to Iona as he searches for an outlet for his sorrow
The story takes place in a Russian city in the middle of winter. It is extremely cold and snowing in the late nineteenth century.
Iona is an old man who has suffered the worst loss a parent can have: his son has died in a hospital from a fever. The old man has to drive a sleigh to take people around the city. During the course of the evening, Iona will have several situations that frustrate him in his effort to discuss and gain sympathy for his predicament.
A military officer gets in to the sleigh. Because the old man does not normally drive the sleigh, he makes several mistakes. The officer yells at the driver in anger. Iona tells the soldier about his son. The officer
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is not allowing any substitution between goods, the marginal rate of substitution is undefined here.
In this case, Isabella is consuming a constant quantity of soda with an increasing quantity of water giving her the same level of satisfaction in each of the combinations shown by the points A, B and C in the below figure.
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گرند پری استرلیا 2022، یک قرمز به تمام معنا بود.
لکلرک 58 دور رو لیدر مسابقه بود و این اولین گرند اسلم فراری بعد از سال 2010 بوده و لکلرک تونست این کار رو برای فراری انجام بده، التبه نا گفته نمونه، همونقدری که تیم کمک کرده، راننده هم کمک میکنه، تیم ماشین رو میسازه و راننده تمام قابلیت های اون ماشین رو میکشه ازش بیرون.
توی فرمول یک، این اولین باری بود که ما میتونستیم یکم فاصله خودمون رو کنترل بکنیم، بزارید صادق باشم، عجب ماشینی بود، البته منم خوب انجامش دادم، ولی خوب بدون ماشین هم امکان پزیر نبود، توی روند مسابقه ای واقعا" قدرت مند بودیم، لاستیک ها از دور اول تا دور آخر رفتار خیلی خوبی داشتند و من خیلی از این موضوع خوشحال هستم.
خوب ما الان تازه توی مسابقه سوم هستیم و به نظرم سخته که در مورد قهرمانی فکر بکنیم، ولی صادقانه بگم یک ماشین پایدار و قدرتمند داریم و امیدوارم که این روند ادامه پیدا بکنه.
اگه ادامه دار باشه، خوب اونوقت ما شانس قهرمانی داریم و برای قهرمانی قطعا" میجنگیم، این چیزی هست که هم من و هم تیم رو بعد از دو سال سخت خوشحال میکنه، آره من خیلی از این که به مقعیت قبلیمون برگشتیم خوشحال هستم.
مسابقه فرمول یک بعدی توی ایتالیا و پیست ایمولا هست و باید دید که آپدیت فراری برای رفع مشکل پورپوزینگ تا چه اندازه ای موثر واقع میشه و از طرف دیگه مشکل ردبول هم همون مشکل گرند پری اول این تیم بوده، به نظر میرسه که این موضوع ربط خاصی به سیستم سوخت رسانی ماشین نداره.نویسنده: رامین رونیا - شنبه ۱۳٩۱/٩/۱۱
تصاویر ماهواره ای دریاچه ارومیه در نیمه آبان ماه 1391 نشان دهنده کاهش قابل توجه ارتفاع سطح آب در بخش های مرکزی دریاچه است.
نیمه اول پاییز یکی از خشک ترین دوره های فصلی دریاچه ارومیه است زیرا بعد از یک دوره بدون بارش، ارتفاع و گستره سطح آب به کمترین مقدار خود می رسد. تصویر زیر نشان دهنده شرایط فعلی دریاچه ارومیه است.
نیمه اول پاییز یکی از خشک ترین دوره های فصلی دریاچه ارومیه است زیرا بعد از یک دوره بدون بارش، ارتفاع و گستره سطح آب به کمترین مقدار خود می رسد. تصویر زیر نشان دهنده شرایط فعلی دریاچه ارومیه است.
در این تصویر مقایسه مساحت دریاچه در نیمه آبان 1389 و نیمه آبان 1391 نمایش داده شده است.
بقیه در ادامه مطلب
و در تصویر بعد دو نکته قابل توجه درباره شرایط جدید دریاچه وجود دارد.
اول اینکه در بخش شمالی دریاچه دو خشکی جدید پدیدار شده است که دو جزیره جدید با یک دایره مشخص است.
دومین نکته، کاهش قابل توجه ارتفاع سطح آب در بخش مرکزی دریاچه است همانطور که مشاهده می شود پیشرفت خشکی و عقب نشینی مرزهای دریاچه در این بخش به شکل قابل توجهی از سایر بخش ها متمایز است به طوری که به نظرمی رسد اگر در آینده نزدیک بارندگی کافی نداشته باشیم ممکن است دریاچه به دو قسمت تقسیم شود.
تنها 10 درصد ازاقدامات لازم برای احیا دریاچه ارومیه انجام شده است
در حالی که پیشرفت خشکی و عقب نشینی مرزهای دریاچه ارومیه با شتاب فزاینده ای رخ می دهد، رئیس سازمان محیط زیست اخیراً از عدم اجرای 90 درصد اقدامات لازم برای احیاء دریاچه ارومیه خبر داده است.
محمدجواد محمدی زاده گفته است در حال حاضر بازدهی آب در حوزه آبریز دریاچه ارومیه حدود 40 درصد است که باید حداقل به 80 درصد برسد که این مهم با اصلاح روشهای آبیاری و کم کردن مصرف آب در این حوزه و افزایش آورد آب به دریاچه ارومیه امکان پذیر است.
به گفته وی، سال گذشته اعتباری معادل 264 میلیارد تومان برای اصلاح روشهای آبیاری در 3 استان آذربایجان غربی، آذربایجان شرقی و کردستان تخصص داده شد اما با این اعتبار تنها 10 درصد مأموریتی که برای احیا دریاچه ارومیه باید انجام شود، اجرا شده بنابراین در سال جاری و سال آینده باید این اعتبار به شدت تقویت شود زیرا تنها برای اصلاح روشهای آبیاری سالانه باید حداقل 500 میلیارد تومان اعتبار در نظر گرفته شود وزارت جهاد کشاورزی به عنوان مجری اقدامات لازم را انجام دهد.
انتقاد نمایندگان مجلس از روند کند احیا دریاچه ارومیه
اعضای فراکسیون محیط زیست مجلس شورای اسلامی نیز با تأکید بر اینکه سرعت انجام اقدامات در زمینه احیای دریاچه ارومیه کند است، اعلام کرده اند: به دلیل بحران دریاچه ارومیه، ارائه گزارش عملکرد وزارت نیرو و جهاد کشاورزی در دستور کارمجلس قرار گرفته است.
به اعتقاد مهرداد بائوج لاهوتی، وزارت نیرو به عنوان متولی اصلی احیای دریاچه ارومیه باید یک بررسی ویژه درباره علل خشک شدن این دریاچه داشته باشد.
کمال الدین پیرموذن از دیگر اعضای فراکسیون محیط زیست مجلس معتقد است: خروج دریاچه ارومیه از شرایط بحرانی باید از مهمترین اولویتهای اجرایی دولت قرار گیرد.
او به بررسی مشکلات دریاچه ارومیه در نشست فراکسیون محیط زیست مجلس،اشاره کرده است: دولت باید با تأمین اعتبارت، اختصاص آب از طریق رودخانه ارس و تعطیل کردن چاه های غیرمجاز، تبدیل کاربری و تغییر تکنولوژی کشاورزی در منطقه برای نجات این دریاچه قدم بردارد.
این نماینده مجلس شورای اسلامی با بیان اینکه بارندگیهای اخیر تأثیری بر دریاچه ارومیه نداشته است، بر افزایش مشارکت های مردمی در اجرای پروژه نجات دریاچه ارومیه تاکید کرده است: اجرای طرح های بزرگی همچون انتقال آب میان حوزه ای با توجه به شرایط خاص فنی پروژه ها و توپوگرافی اطراف دریاچه زمانبر است که به همین منظور باید در خصوص طرح های کوتاه مدت نظیر مدیریت و صرفه جویی در مصرف آب به ویژه در بخش کشاورزی اقدامات سریعی صورت گیرد.
تجویز اتا نازی برای دریاچه محتضر
در این میان دکتر پرویز کردوانی در یک تجویزاتانازی گونه برای این دریاچه محتضرمشکل دریاچه ارومیه را برای همیشه حل کرده و گفته است به جای تلاش برای احیا دریاچه ارومیه و هدر دادن سرمایه و انرژی باید روند خشک شدن دریاچه را افزایش داد ، از ورود هر آبی حتی آب ناشی از بارندگی به درون حریم دریاچه ممانعت به عمل آورد، همزمان طرح نمکروبی از بستر دریاچه را آغاز و در آخرین مرحله، سطح دریاچه را به ضخامت ۱۰ سانتیمتر از شن و ماسه پوشانده و در آن تخم گیاه بپاشیم تا سبز شود.
این پیشنهاد به اعتقاد بسیاری از متخصصان و فعالان حوزه محیط زیست بسیار غیر کارشناسی است ، اگرچه میتواند مورد توجه و استقبال همه آن مسوولان بومی، نمایندگان مجلس و مدیرانی در وزارت نیرو، جهاد کشاورزی، استانداریهای سه استان درگیر و سازمان حفاظت محیط زیست قرار گیرد که سیمای امروز دریاچه ارومیه، نتیجه عملکرد و مدیرت نا صحیح آنها در طول چند دهه اخیر بوده است .
احیا دریاچه ارومیه بسته به همت مسئولان است
دکتر اسماعیل کهرم پدر علم محیط زیست ایران در این باره گفته است: این دریاچه باید به همین شکل نمکزار بماند و سنگهای نمک آن به ریزگردهای نمکی تبدیل شوند و هفت تا ۱۲ میلیون نفر از مردم را تحت تاثیر قرار دهد شاید با این اتفاق، فکری به حال دریاچه از دست رفته شود.
به گفته او، تنها فکری که میتوان به حال دریاچه ارومیه کرد این است که دولت به وزارت نیرو دستور دهد تا سه میلیارد و ۷۰۰ میلیون متر مکعب آب را از پشت سدهای ۳۶ گانه روانه دریاچه کند.
به اعتقاد کهرم، شاید میزان نزولات کاهش یافته باشد، اما به خشکسالی نرسیدیم. حتی اگر خشکسالی هم باشد اگر سدهای وزارت نیرو اجازه دهد و آب را به دریاچه بریزد، با سه میلیارد و ۷۰۰ میلیون متر مکعب آب دریاچه احیا خواهد شد.
پیشنهاد خشک کردن دریاچه ارومیه چراغ سبز به وزارت نیرو
دکتر محمد درویش عضو موسسه تحقیقات جنگل و مرتع هم ضمن تقدیر از روش دکتر کردوانی در ساده کردن مسائل طبیعی،گفته است: آیا به راستی روند قهقرایی اجزای درهمتنیده و سامانه چندبعدی و پیچیده یک بومسازگان (اکوسیستم) آبی/خشکی پهناور مانند دریاچه نیممیلیون هکتاری ارومیه را میتوان به مرگ یک انسان تشبیه کرد؟ چگونه قرار است از ورود هر نوع آبی به دریاچه جلوگیری کرد؟ مگر دریاچه زهکش طبیعی حوضه آبخیز ۲/۵ میلیون هکتاری ارومیه نیست و مگر میتوان شیب منطقه را تغییر داد؟
درویش معتقد است: حتی اگر منظور آقای دکتر چراغ سبز نشان دادن به وزارت نیرو برای ساختن سدهای بیشتر روی ۱۱ رودخانه اصلی منتهی به دریاچه است، باید بدانند که هیچ سدی تاکنون در جهان ساخته نشده که بتواند از گذر تمام آب رودخانه جلوگیری کند. درباره نمکروبی و جابهجایی حجم عظیم نمک موجود در بستر دریاچه که به گفته معاون وقت سازمان حفاظت محیط زیست (دکتر صدوق) میزان آن بین ۸ تا میلیارد تن است، چه ابزاری مد نظرشان است و در چه زمانی میتوان این حجم عظیم را انتقال داد و بر فرض که همه این نمک را هم جارو کردیم و سوار بر کامیونهای موجود در همه کره زمین کردیم، آنگاه کجا ببریم؟! نکند قرار است یک جا دپو شود تا به تدریج نیاز هزار سال آینده بشریت به خمیر دندان را رفع کند!
به هر حال آنچه مسلم است تا کنون بر اساس آخرین اظهارات رییس سازمان محیط زیست تنها 10 درصد از تجویز های گوناگون برای احیا دریاچه ارومیه عملی شده در حالیکه روز به روز شاهد پیشروی شتابنده خشکی در مرزهای این دریاچه منحصر به فرد هستیم بنابراین اگرچه اظهارات دکتر کردوانی در خصوص خشک کردن کامل دریاچه ارومیه و تبدیل آن به شوره زار بسیار مأیوس کننده است اما اگر روند احیا این دریاچه به همین شکل پیش رود شاید در آینده ای نه چندان دور این اتفاق رخ دهد.
منبع : سایت جانانلوTOEFL: New research is looking into how plants can be used to generate electricity and produce artificial light.
You can download the file [ HERE ].
It is important to read the vocabulary before you watch the video. This will improve your ability to understand the video. It will also help you understand how the new vocabulary is used naturally.
The first time you watch the video, just try to understand the overall situation.
First try to answer all the questions from memory. Then rewatch the video and try to answer the questions that you missed.
Watch the video again while you read the script. Reading and listening at the same time will help you hear each individual word and improve your listening accuracy.
There are several different activities that focus on test preparation, vocabulary, grammar, and sentence structure.
Es importante leer el vocabulario antes de ver el video. Esto mejorará su capacidad para comprender el video. También le ayudará a comprender cómo se usa el nuevo vocabulario de forma natural.
La primera vez que vea el video, intente comprender la situación general.
Primero intente responder todas las preguntas de memoria. Luego, vuelva a ver el video e intente responder las preguntas que se perdió.
Mire el video nuevamente mientras lee el guión. Leer y escuchar al mismo tiempo lo ayudará a escuchar cada palabra individual y mejorará su precisión auditiva.
Hay una serie de actividades diferentes que se centran en la preparación de la examen, el vocabulario, la gramática y la estructura de las oraciones.
비디오를 보기 전에 어휘와 배경을 읽는 것이 중요합니다. 이렇게 하면 비디오를 이해하는 능력이 향상됩니다. 또한 새로운 어휘가 어떻게 자연스럽게 사용되는지 이해하는데 도움이됩니다.
비디오를 처음 볼 때 전체 상황을 이해하려고 노력하세요.
먼저 모든 질문에 답을 해보세요. 그런 다음 비디오를 다시보고 놓친 질문에 답해보세요.
대본을 읽는 동안 비디오를 다시 보세요. 읽기와 듣기를 동시에 하면 각각의 단어를 듣고, 듣기 정확도를 향상시킬 수 있습니다.
듣기 정확도, 발음, 어휘, 문법 및 문장 구조에 초점을 맞춘 다양한 액티비티가 있습니다.
[n] - noun, [v] - verb, [phv] - phrasal verb, [adj] - adjective, [exp] - expression
Imagine that instead of reading by lamplight, you could instead read with the aid of a glowing plant. It may sound implausible, but
scientists in the U.S. have shown that plants can be illuminated without needing genetic modification. During their research, the
team created watercress that glows with the hope that one day their research will help reduce our dependence on electric lighting.
A professor of chemical engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Michael Straneau who led the research, told us how
it was done.
We've started to think about can we replace the things we encounter in our everyday lives. Like the things we make out of plastic and electronic circuit boards, can we replace those with a living functioning plant.
Previously this year, we’ve made a plant that acts as a chemical sensor, and it will actually connect to a user's cellphone in the vicinity using an infrared signal. This light emitting point was an obvious extension of our research. There are several reasons to do this. So first, plants harvest their own energy from the sun. They don't need to be plugged in, but they also store that energy as sugar inside the plant. So they're really a combination of a solar cell and a battery. Not just that, but they also have other interesting functions. They'll self-repair, so if they're damaged, they actually fix themselves. They're also made entirely out of atmosphere carbon dioxide. They're made of materials that degrade in water. We are not designing the plates so that it would be edible, but it turns out that the types of nanoparticles that we are using are biocompatible in that way.
Michael Straneau from MIT.Have you heard of the glazing technique, but aren’t sure when or why you’d apply it to your painting? In this guest blog post, Hebe Brooks, a Master Artist of the National Oil & Acrylic Painters’ Society (NOAPS), explains glazing for beginners.
The Glazing Technique
BY HEBE BROOKS, a NOAPS Master Artist
There are some basic characteristics typical of my art, but the three most common are reflections, transparencies, and the depiction of fabric folding and turning throughout the canvas. Achieving the above-mentioned characteristics requires subtle changes in values. It necessitates allowing the light to penetrate the colors and reflect back to the viewer, just as it happens in nature. Glazing, sometimes known as layering, is the technique that I use to achieve the desired results.
What is glazing? Glazing is an old technique, as old as oil painting. Leonardo Da Vinci used this technique extensively, and when you see one of his portraits, you can appreciate the luminosity and smooth value transitions.
The first key to glazing is to know your paints. Each paint has a different degree of transparency. In other words, some paints are seen through and some are totally opaque paints, because they block the light. Think of paints as different types of fabric. Sheers are transparent while a fleece type of material is opaque. Many fabrics fall in between the two and they are semi-transparent or semi-opaque. Now, think about putting very transparent sheers one after the other in such a way that allows your eyes to penetrate the layering. You will be changing the colors, softening the edges, and adding a glimmering impossible to achieve with an opaque material.
It is not hard to learn the transparency of each paint. It is actually written on the outside of your paint tube. The letters are usually very small but you will be able to find the word “transparent” in the paint tubes of a phthalo, a quinacridone, an ultramarine or some of the sienna colors.
The word “opaque” is written on many paint tubes, and an opaque paint will hide whatever is underneath; therefore, the “sheer” effect will be blocked. For example, a titanium white or a cadmium color as a top layer will cover whatever is underneath. Keep in mind that mixing a transparent color with an opaque on your palette will also change the degree of transparency and block the light.
Once you know the transparency of your paints, the second key is to use the colors without mixing them with other colors on your palette. A beautiful glaze is achieved by using the color directly from your paint tube without compromising it and without mixing it. Just add linseed oil or a glazing medium, make sure the paint on your canvas has dried, and then apply a new layer to start transforming your art.
The layers are very thin applications of paint — one over the other. If successive layers of the same transparent paint are applied one on top of the other, that area will become darker, thus achieving folds if painting a fabric. If a transparent color is layered
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can be found near water, in mudflats or in fields. It lays its eggs on open ground, where as the young can walk and leave the nest shortly after hatching. The Killdeer is known to feint injuries to draw predators away from their nest and young. These shorebirds spend their winter months in the southern tropical countries.Image by Brian Kimmel
From fish and fiddleheads to salmonberries and Spam®, what gets plated in Alaska feeds our collective identity as much as it does our individual palates. This exhibition and accompanying series of public programs look at how Alaskans connect with each other and the land through food. The exhibition presents an expanded view of the vital cultural role food plays in the North, referencing home kitchens, community and tradition, innovation, climate and the future of food in the Arctic.
What Why How We Eat tells the changing story of food culture in Alaska -- from the subsistence whale hunt in Point Hope to the Halal market in Anchorage -- through filmed interviews, art installations, utensils, tools, recipes and food.
This exhibition is about the real food and real people of Alaska, highlighting multiple cultures and food traditions within Alaska communities. The exhibition provides an interactive space for learning about how food is produced, preserved and shared within Alaska’s diverse communities in both rural and urban areas. Food-oriented public programming and a book of food essays with companion cookbook of Alaskana recipes for dishes commonly made in Alaska’s kitchens are among the ways the What Why How We Eat project connects Alaska food culture with other cultures around the world.
The exhibition serves as a place for conversation and exchange, hosting all-ages, classes, lectures, demonstrations, lunches, dinners and tastings and providing opportunities for visitors to taste, feel, and experience the social and physical dimensions of our food culture through the following:
- Urban Harvest classes sharing traditional food preparation and preservation skills
- Group meals and food-related films
- Drop-in food preparation and cooking demonstrations
- Bike tours to community gardens
- Community talks and workshops with local chefs, restaurateurs, small business owners, academics, farmers, and subsistence huntersby Robert Brazil
Shakespeare’s play, The Merry Wives of Windsor, is filled with fascinating enigmas. The comedy, set in the environs of Windsor Castle, weaves together a street level story of love, lust, greed, competition and humiliation with a commentary on society that, while it spoke directly to the concerns of its contemporary late 16th century audience, abounds with references that are extremely suggestive today to students and researchers of the Oxfordian theory.
Because Merry Wives was first printed in 1602, most standard commentators on Shakespeare consider it to be a mid-career play, written while the author was at the height of his powers, roughly simultaneously with Hamlet. Yet everything about the play, including the sensibility, the crude style, and tooold contemporary allusions, suggests that it was an earlier work, its topical references and concerns those of the 1580s, with some 1590s references added to a later production, becoming an interesting anachronistic revival by 1602.
The central ideas and plot elements in Merry Wives involve the high stakes wooing of young Anne Page by three suitors, the farcical wooing of Mrs. Ford by three other suitors, the complex humiliations of Falstaff, Master Ford, Slender, Doctor Caius and others, and Master Ford’s fear that he will be cuckolded.
As the play begins, Shallow, Slender and Hugh Evans are walking into the village in front of Page’s house. Shallow states that he won’t change his mind, he is going to make a Star Chamber affair out of Falstaff’s offense, introducing a subplot that has little apparent relevance to the main plot, but which is filled with accurate descriptions of county lawsuits and disputes and the archaic Latin-based bureaucracy associated with the process.
Edward de Vere was steeped in this world, and the numerous surviving documents which detail Oxford’s business affairs show much more affinity to the matters described in Merry Wives, than do the smallclaims-court paper trail associated with Shaksper of Stratford (1).
Much of the patter among the three men is just a frame for some jokes involving puns on Heraldic terminology. Clearly the author is familiar with the arcane language of the Heralds.
The Time Frame of Merry Wives
Shakespeare usually tried to keep his play’s settings and customs in keeping with the era that the events reflect (although there are, of course, debatable examples of misplaced artifacts such as the clock that strikes in Julius Caesar). Despite the fact that his language and concerns reflect the late 1500s, none of the plays of Shakespeare are actually set in the England of his own time, as were the plays of Jonson, Marston, and others. (Thus there are depictions of smoking in Jonson’s plays, but there is “No Smoking” anywhere in the Shakespeare canon.)
Although many commentators feel that Merry Wives is the only one of the Shakespeare plays in which the time, place, and social conditions depicted are contemporary to the Elizabethan era (Asimov 421), the play is linked by several characters: Falstaff, Bardolf, Pistol, Shallow, and Mistress Quickly, to the Henry IV plays and their time period (2). Henry IV ends with Henry IV’s death and the coronation Henry V in 1413, while Henry V features the battle of Agincourt, which took place in 1415. Falstaff is alive at the end of 2 Henry IV, but is declared to be dead in Henry V. So the imagined setting for Merry Wives must be either 1414, or earlier, but not later. Still, there are problems assuming such a clean continuity for the Falstaff character. At the close of 2 Henry IV, Falstaff and his crew await an audience with their drinking buddy Hal, now King Henry V of England; whereupon their former friend dismisses them, giving them a “Royal snubbing,” and packs the lot of them off to jail.
The close of the play features an Epilogue spoken by a dancer:
“First my fear, then my curtsy, last my speech. My fear, is your displeasure; my curtsy, my duty; and my speech, to beg your pardons. One word more, I beseech you. If you be not too much cloy’d with fatmeat, our humble author will continue the story, with Sir John in it, and make you merry with fair Katherine of France; where, for anything I know, Falstaff shall die of a sweat, unless already ‘a be killed with your hard opinions; for Oldcastle died a martyr and this is not the man. My tongue is weary; when my legs are too, I will bid you good night.”
The author takes this opportunity to let the audience know there is another Falstaff play in the works, although the play described sounds like one that would feature, rather than exclude, Falstaff. The author is also taking the opportunity to do some spin control on the Falstaff/Oldcastle slander problem (2).
The dancer in the Epilogue forecasts that Falstaff is destined to die in the play to come, but as it turns out, those death scenes were either deleted or never written. What remains is this:
Henry V: Act II scene 3
Eastcheap. Before the Boar’s Head tavern
Enter PISTOL, HOSTESS, NYM, BARDOLPH, and Boy
HOSTESS. Prithee, honeysweet husband, let me bring thee to Staines.
PISTOL. No; for my manly heart doth earn. Bardolph, be blithe; Nym, rouse thy vaunting veins; Boy, bristle thy courage up. For Falstaff he is dead, And we must earn therefore.
BARDOLPH. Would I were with him, wheresome’er he is, either in heaven or in hell!
HOSTESS. Nay, sure, he’s not in hell: he’s in Arthur’s bosom, if ever man went to Arthur’s bosom.
Merry Wives of Windsor features Falstaff as an aged veteran. The year 1414 works, but that is not the same as saying it is the year Shakespeare had in mind. Perhaps the author didn’t care that he had already killed off Falstaff in Henry V, and just brought him back in an “what if” mode.
There is a “legend” that Queen Elizabeth asked “Shakespeare” to write a play that would show Falstaff in love, implying that she knew the character from seeing the Henry IV plays first. This legend turnsout to have no legs at all, and is in fact rarely repeated in biographies of Shakespeare or Elizabeth (Ogburn 392; Asimov 421) (3).
If we keep in mind the time setting as being around 1414, there are some serious glitches in Merry Wives in terms of macrotemporal continuity.
The Star Chamber wasn’t instituted until 1487 by Henry VII (Americana 25: 608).
Several popular books are alluded to: Surrey’s poetry collection (1557) and a Riddle book. But no popular printed books or any printed books were available in 1414, which predates Caxton’s first print job in England by more than fifty years, while the gap between 1414 and 1557 (the 1st edition of Surrey’s poetry) is 143 years.
A sophisticated London audience of 1602 would have noticed the odd timeslips, which for them would be something like seeing an American Civil War play with a character who wished he had his Beatles Records.
Then, as now, the intent would be humor, and Shakespeare was successful. The time shift also allowed the author to veil sixteenth-century observations and personal allusions behind fifteenth-century buffoonery.
Slender and His Books
In Act I, scene 1, a bored and pathetic Slender wishes he had his copy of Songes & Sonnets. This watershed book of poetry in the English language was written by Edward de Vere’s poet uncle, Henry Howard, the Earl of Surrey (c. 1517 – 1547). Tragically, Surrey was executed at age thirty by a dying, paranoid Henry VIII after a minor misunderstanding was inflated by the maneuvering of Surrey’s political enemies into a charge of treason.
Songes and Sonnets, the first edition of Surrey’s poetry, was published posthumously as a miscellany by Richard Tottel in 1557, when Oxford was seven. The martyred Surrey was the husband of Frances de Vere, Oxford’s paternal aunt, so it is reasonable to conjecture that the life and creative work of this uncle were a major influence on a boy who grew up to write some pretty good sonnets himself, in the same style popularized by his uncle. Tottel’s Miscellany was such a hit that it was immediately reprinted, and before the year was out, was reset into a second edition.
Its enduring popularity is evidenced by the frequency with which it was reprinted over the next three decades. There were quarto editions of Songes and Sonnets in 1559, 1565, 1567, 1574 (two editions), 1585, and 1587. But there were no further reprints after 1587 until Edward Arber’s scholarly edition in 1870 (Robinson 48).
Note the dates. Songes and Sonnets was brought back into a commercial revival in the period between 1585 and 1587. There were, however, no editions published during the 1590s nor a current publication in 1602, when the supposed composition and audience for Merry Wives are conventionally dated. The topical allusion to Surrey’s poetry would probably not be particularly meaningful to a 1602 audience.
For this and other reasons, a mid1580s real-date for the writing and first production of Merry Wives makes more sense.
E.T. Clark observes that when Slender wonders where his riddle book is, we are hearing an authorial tip that there are riddles to be found throughout the play (Clark 524).
Thus, when Slender’s servant Simple tells him that the riddle book was lent to “Alice Shortcake,” we have reason to guess the presence of a riddle. Who is “Alice Shortcake”? One answer might be Alice, the Countess of Derby who married Ferdinando Stanley, Lord Strange in 1579 (4).
Lord Strange (1560-94) was also the patron of the extremely popular acting company that provided much of the entertainment at Court during the late 80s and early 90s (Chambers 2: 76, 99,118), so that, in that respect at least, he had to have been Oxford’s colleague or rival.
The very first words spoken in Merry Wives (by Shallow) are: “Sir Hugh, persuade me not.” Shakespeare’s character Hugh Evans, who speaks with a comic Welsh accent, is a transparent representation of the Earl of Oxford’s theater manager, Henry Evans, a Welshman who taught the Children of Paul’s troupe.
In Merry Wives, it is Sir Hugh who rehearses the children in the Fairy masque which ends the play.
Henry Evans started out as a scrivener and theatrical hangeron. In the years 1584-1586, the Earl of Oxford arranged to lease a large hall in the liberty of Blackfriars for use as a playhouse, subletting the downstairs to the fencing master, Rocco Bonetti, for his fencing school. A complicated paper trail on this still exists, showing payments that connect Oxford as patron, John Lyly as go-between and proprietor, and Henry Evans as theater manager (Chambers 2: 496-498; Smith 156).
Their troupe of young actors was created by combining the Children of Paul’s with the Children of the Chapel. The combined group was often referred to as “Oxford’s Boys.” They were not just making random entertainments; throughout the 1580s they performed regularly for the Queen and her Court and for private audiences. The inclusion of ‘Hugh Evans” adds to the likelihood that Merry Wives was current, topical, and would have received the most laughter around 1586.
In Act III, scene 1, Hugh Evans launches into a cracked song, ” To shallow rivers”.
EVANS. Pless my soul, how full of chollors I am, and trempling of mind!
I shall be glad if he have deceived me.
How melancholies I am!I will knog his urinals about his knave’s costard when I have goot opportunities for the ork. Pless my soul!
[Sings] To shallow rivers, to whose falls
Melodious birds sings madrigals;
There will we make our peds of roses,
And a thousand fragrant posies.
To shallow …
Mercy on me! I have a great dispositions to cry.
Melodious birds sing madrigals
Whenas I sat in Pabylon And a thousand vagram posies.
This song in Merry Wives is a drunken variation on the famous song /poem attributed to Christopher Marlowe, “Come live with me and be my love”. Marlowe’s career was at its peak in the late 1580s. The key verse is:
And we will sit upon the rocks
Seeing the shepherds feed their flocks,
By shallow Rivers, to whose falls,
Melodious birds sing madrigals.
In the poetry collection England’s Helicon, 1600, a similar set of verses, sending up the “Shallow Rivers” song, is credited to “Ignoto”(MacDonald 1923). The lyric is set facing, or following “Come live with me” and is certainly a response or thematic continuation of that song. Here are several stanzas from the Ignoto poem:
If all the world and love were young
And truth in every shepherd’s tongue,
These pretty pleasures might me move,
To live with thee and be thy love.
The flowers do fade, and wanton fields
To wayward winter reckoning yields,
A honey tongue, a heart of gall,
Is fancies spring, but sorrows fall
Thy gowns, thy shoes, thy beds of roses,
Thy cap, thy kirtle, and thy posies,
Soon break, soon wither, soon forgotten:
In folly ripe, in reason rotten …
In Merry Wives, Evans has garbled the original song, and its Ignoto echo, and mixed in a hint of Psalm 137. The Ignoto poem is thought by Miller and others to be by Oxford himself (Miller 1: 618 644).
Merry Wives ends with the Fairy show played by young boys and directed by Hugh Evans. The fairy song “Pinch him . . .” was itself “pinched” from the Fairy Song in Endymion, the Lyly play from the same from 1580s time period.
The dates of Endymion are in debate; it was first published in 1591, but E. K. Chambers is confident that the statement on the 1591 first quarto title page: “played before the Queens Majestie on Candlemas Day” could only refer to a performance in 1588 (Chambers 3: 415 416).
Lyly was Oxford’s secretary throughout the 1580′s, and is connected to him through payments relative to the Blackfriars theater and the management of the Paul’s/Oxford’s Boys (Chambers 2: 496-498; Miller 2: 139). J. T. Looney was the first to suggest that Oxford wrote the lyrical songs in the Lyly plays, which, if true, means that he “pinched” his own work, something he did often (Miller 1: 269-84).
Rugby Matches & Mismatches
The Author of Merry Wives is able to slip the name “Vere” into the dialogue in three separate places through the device of having Doctor Caius ask, in his heavy French accent, “Vere is _____ ?” In one case, Act 1, scene 4, the joke has an extra punch:
CAIUS. Oui; mette le au mon pocket: depeche, quickly. Vere is dat knave, Rugby?
QUICKLY. What, John Rugby? John!
Most of the servants in Merry Wives have the names of former earls of Oxford, Jack, John, or Robert, which may be the author’s way of pointing out that what was high has become low, and what low, now high.
The word Rugby brings up only one connotation to modern readers: the energetic football game. But this Rugby, the name of the game, dates only from the nineteenth century when the game was invented at the Rugby School (Encyclopedia Americana 23: 863).
The town Rugby, in Warwickshire, is a football kick away from Bilton manor on the Avon River. Bilton manor was brought into the Oxford estates when John de Vere, the 15th
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vo Party)
Leader: Stojance Angelov
Dostoinstvo (Dignity) is a new political party led by the former police general Stojance Angelov, formed in March 2011 by the members of the former homonymic NGO, uniting ethnic Macedonian veterans from the conflict of 2001.
President of Macedonia
Gjorge Ivanov, born on 2 May 1960 in Valandovo, is the current President of the Republic of Macedonia. Ivanov finished primary and secondary school in his hometown Valandovo. At the age of 27 he moved to the Macedonian capital Skopje, which has since been his permanent residence. His professional career started in 1988, when he became an editor at Macedonian Radio and Television, the national broadcasting station. He later taught political theory and political philosophy at the Law Faculty in Skopje. In 1999, he became a visiting professor for the Southeast European programme at the University of Athens in Greece.
Ivanov became politically active since the Yugoslav era, when he pushed for political pluralism and a market economy. He is the founder and honorary president of the Macedonian Political Science Association and one of the founding members of the Institute for Democracy Societas Civilis, a leading analytical centre in Macedonia. On 25 January 2009, the strongest party in the Macedonian parliament, the conservative VMRO-DPMNE, appointed Ivanov as the party’s presidential candidate for the 2009 Macedonian presidential election, which they won. On 16 April 2009, Ivanov received the presidential certificate from the State Election Commission. The main vision, which Ivanov promotes as president, is the Macedonian model of a multi-ethnic society and a Pax Europaea, a united Europe living in peace and respecting the diversity and identity of the nations of Europe.
Ivanov is married to Maja Ivanova. Together they have a son called Ivan.
Prime Minister of Macedonia
Nikola Gruevski was born on 31 August 1970 in Skopje and is Prime Minister of Macedonia since 27 August 2006. He is the leader of VMRO-DPMNE since May 2003.
After Gruevski completed primary and secondary education in Skopje, he went on to study at the St. Clement of Ohrid University of Bitola. After having graduated from the Faculty of Economics in 1994, he worked in the banking sector. In 1996 he also acquired qualifications for the international capital market from the London Securities Institute. On 12 December 2006, he obtained a Master’s degree from the Faculty of Economics at St. Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje. Gruevski founded the Brokerage Association of the Republic of Macedonia in 1998 as its president. Gurevski was Minister of Finance in the VMRO-DPMNE government led by Ljubčo Georgievski until September 2002. He was sworn in as the 7th Prime Minister of the Republic of Macedonia on 27 August, 2006 in Skopje.
Gruevski is married to Borkica Gruevska with whom he has two daughters: Anastasija and Sofija.
Former President of Macedonia
Branko Crvenkovski, born on 12 October 1962 in Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, is a former president of the Republic of Macedonia. Currently, he is president of the largest opposition party Social Democratic Union of Macedonia (SDSM)
Branko Crvenkovski graduated from the School of Electrical Engineering from the University of St. Cyril and Methodius in Computer Science and Automation in Skopje in1986. He was elected member of the Assembly of the Socialist Republic of Macedonia at the first multi-party elections in Yugoslavia in 1990 after serving for several years as head of department at the Semos company in Skopje. Crvenkovski has been at the head of the Social Democratic Union of Macedonia since April 1991. He served as Prime Minister from 1992 to 1998 and from 2002 until 2004. Crvenkovski did not run for a second term in the presidential elections in March 2009. Instead, he returned to his party and was elected to be the head of the party on 24 May 2009.
Crvenkovski is married and has two children.
Zoran Zaev was born on 8 October 1974 in Strumica and is the leader of SDSM. He is currently the main opposition leader in Macedonia. Zaev has graduated in Economics.
In the local elections of 2005, Zaev was chosen as mayor of the municipality of Strumica. In 2009 and 2013 he was re-elected in that position. Previously he has served in parliament for several years. In 2008 he was elected to be the vice-president of SDSM, until he became the leader of the party after Branko Crvenkovski stepped down. After receiving a majority of the votes on the congress of the party, he became president of SDSM in 2013.
During 2015 he was in charge of the publication of the wiretapped conversations that deadlocked Macedonian politics. Macedonia´s public prosecutor charged Zaev with espionage and with making violent threats aimed at the government to ´undermine the goals of the constitutional order´.
Zaev is married and has two children.
NGO – Research Organisations
British Helsinki Human Rights Group
Foundation Robert Schuman
Hans Boeckler Stiftung
Heinrich Boell Stiftung
International Crisis Group (IGC)
New York University Law School: East European Constitutional Review
Economist Intelligence Unit
News Agencies BBC.co.uk
Euractiv.com (Inc. article from the Centre for European Policy Studies)
Institute for War Peace Reporting
MIA news agency
Radio Free Europe /Radio Liberty
Public Sources CIA World Factbook
Republic of Macedonia Agency of Information
Macedonian State Election Commission
UK Foreign and Commonwealth Office Country Profiles
European Union European Commission: The EU’s relations with South East Europe
OSCE/ODHIR Election Reports
Literature Crook, Nick and Michael Dauderstädt, André Gerrits: “Social Democracy in Central and Eastern Europe” (Amsterdam:2002)
Development Strategies, Italy, and Institutional Development Consultancy, France
“Evaluation of the EC’s Country Strategy in FYR Macedonia for the years 1996-2001”
Lampe, John, R., Yugoslavia as History: Twice there was a Country, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2000
Institute for Sociological, Political and Juridical Research “Political Parties Development in the Republic of Macedonia” –, Skopje (issue 6, September 2002)21 Ocak 2020, 11:05 0Trump'ın avukatlarından Senato'ya "Başkan'ı hızlıca aklayın" çağrısı
ABD Başkanı Donald Trump'ı Senato'da savunacak olan avukatları, Trump'ın, azlini gerektirecek hiçbir suç işlemediğini ve Temsilciler Meclisinde kabul edilen azil maddelerinin "Anayasayı tahkir" olduğunu ileri sürdü.
21 Ocak 2020, 11:01 0Angola'nın eski devlet başkanının kızı ve damadının ülkeyi nasıl dolandırdıklarını anlatan belgeler basına sızdırıldı
Angola'nın eski devlet başkanlarından Jose Eduardo dos Santos'un kızı ve damadının, servetlerini ülkenin varlıklarını yolsuzluk ve usulsüzlükle sömürerek elde ettiğini ortaya koyan belgeler BBC'nin de aralarında bulunduğu çok sayıda uluslararası yayın kuruluşuna sızdırıldı.
15 Ocak 2020, 11:27 0Suudi Arabistan'da 2019'da idam rekoru kırıldı
Suudi Hükümeti, geçtiğimiz yıl beş kişi Cemal Kaşıkçı cinayetinden olmak üzere 184 kişiyi idam etti. İdamda kendi rekorunu kıran Suudi hükümeti, 2020 itibariyle şu an için 4 kişinin idam edildiğini de bildirdi.
10 Ocak 2020, 12:11 0ABD Başkanı Donald Trump, Süleymani'nin öldürülme sebebini açıkladı
ABD Başkanı Donald Trump, İranlı General Süleymani'nin ABD Büyükelçiliği'ni havaya uçurmayı planladığını ve bu sebeple öldürüldüğünü öne sürdü. Trump'ın bu iddiası Pentagon tarafından onaylandı.
09 Ocak 2020, 11:36 0Prens Harry ve eşi Meghan Markle kraliyet ailesindeki üst düzey görevlerinden çekildi
Sussex Dükü Prens Harry ve eşi düşes Meghan Markle, İngiltere Kraliyet ailesindeki üst düzey görevlerinden çekildiklerini ve ekonomik olarak Kraliyet ailesinden bağımsızlıklarını kazanmak için çalışmaya başlayacaklarını açıkladı.
31 Aralık 2019, 13:56 0Iraklı Protestocular ABD'nin Bağdat Büyükelçiliği'ni Bastı: Büyükelçi ve Çalışanlar Şehirden Çıkartıldı
ABD'nin Bağdat Büyükelçiliği önünde toplanan Irak'taki Şii milis gücü Haşdi Şabi taraftarları elçiliğe girmeye çalışıyor. Iraklı protestocular, ABD'nin Bağdat Büyükelçiliği binasının duvarını ateşe verdi. Elçilik çalışanları binadan ayrıldı. Eylemciler elçilik binasını basarak içeri girdi ve binayı işgal etti.
30 Aralık 2019, 16:58 0Japonya'da 50 bin uçak bileti yabancı turistlere bedava dağıtılacak
2020'de Olimpiyat Oyunları'na ev sahipliği yapmaya hazırlanan Japonya'da yabancı turistler için bedava uçak bileti dağıtılacak.
24 Ekim 2019, 17:38 0Bilim insanları açıkladı: Nuh’un Gemisi ile ilgili müthiş keşif
03 Ekim 2019, 22:37 0ABD’den Türkiye’nin Suriye hamlesine tepki: Endişeliyiz
24 Eylül 2019, 00:28 0Fransa, Almanya ve İngiltere, Suudi Arabistan'ın petrol tesislerine yönelik saldırıdan İran'ı sorumlu tuttu
Fransa, Almanya ve İngiltere, ortak bir yazılı açıklama yaparak, Suudi Arabistan'ın petrol tesislerine yönelik saldırıdan İran'ı sorumlu tuttu.是次交易涉及区内逾90英亩土地，位于10号州际公路 (I-10) 与8号州际公路 (I-8) 的交汇处。
和顿集团市场营销副总裁 Tricia Covert 表示：“和顿很高兴可以参与伊莱市和皮纳尔县的发展。我们在地区内还持有更多土地和项目，期待亚利桑那州将来的发展。”
和顿集团亚利桑那州及加拿大高级副总裁 Robert Nixon 为我们谈及是次交易。他指：“我们与伊莱市经济部门及意向买家保持联系；经沟通后，这个项目符合买方的要求。”
Nixon 形容这个项目位于“黄金地段”。它可通往两条主要州际公路以及联合太平洋铁路 (Union Pacific Railroad)，把加拿大及墨西哥23个州份及港口连接起来。
谈及和顿及伊莱市的关系，Nixon 赞赏伊莱市政府人员对发展及扩展的远见，这次合作是个很好的体验。他指：“阳光工业区只是我们在这个县的其中一个项目，我们与市政府及县政府已合作多年。市政府人员持有正面的态度，吸引希望投资在此区的投资者，很高兴可以与他们合作，并相信可帮助区内的发展。”
这次交易为多方造成共赢局面。伊莱市将会迎来更多业务进驻，并创造职位，以进一步发展。他补充：“当区内发展起来，更多企业将会进驻；开发时更会创造临时的建造职位；建成后亦会有更多永久职位。市政府将有更多税收，有助持续扩展及发展基建项目。这是城市发展的踏脚石。”Innovation in a Challenging Environment — the New Marc Basnight Bridge
The engineers and designers behind the new Marc Basnight Bridge on North Carolina’s Outer Banks overcame a remote location and a challenging, constantly changing channel to maintain a connection for residents who live, work or vacation in this scenic area.
The new 2.8-mile-long bridge, designed with a 100-year service life, faced many challenges, but foremost was creating the right foundation. To achieve a more durable structure, the $252 million bridge incorporates concrete piles jetted and driven as deep as 130 feet below sea level. Their required depth was verified in the field using a first-of-its-kind method to determine long-term pile axial capacity after significant scour loss.
Given the harsh environment and strict requirements for durability, the foundations were the key to the entire project. In many ways, the project wasn’t a bridge job — it was a complex marine foundation job with a bridge on top.
Senior HDR Bridge Engineers Domenic Coletti and Dominick Amico and Senior Geotechnical Engineer Elizabeth Howey wrote about the challenges they faced and the innovative solutions they devised in the August 2019 edition of Bridge Design & Engineering.
Read the article, republished here with permission.Il capo delle forze armate tedesche, il generale Eberhard Zorn, esorta alla cautela nel caso di una controffensiva ucraina, affermando che non è sufficiente “respingere la Russia su un ampio fronte”, ha riferito l’Afp.
Le forze ucraine stanno attualmente conducendo “contrattacchi che consentono loro di riconquistare alcune posizioni o parti del fronte, ma senza costringere la Russia a ritirarsi su un ampio fronte”, ha detto l’alto funzionario a Weekly Focus.
Equilibrio
Tuttavia, ritiene che Kiev “agisca in modo intelligente (…) e conduca le operazioni in modo sovrano e altamente mobile”.
“Non due settimane fa avrei detto che l’intero Donbass sarebbe stato nelle mani dei russi in sei mesi. Oggi dico che non vinceranno”, dichiara il generale Zorn.
Un ispettore della Bundeswehr (esercito tedesco) giustifica anche la riluttanza di Berlino a fornire armi pesanti all’Ucraina.
L’elenco delle apparecchiature fornite dalla Germania è “sostanziale, sia in termini di qualità che di quantità”, insiste.
Ma la Germania, a suo avviso, non dovrebbe svuotare troppo le sue scorte.
“Tutto ciò che diamo, abbiamo bisogno in cambio”, afferma.
A poco a poco si può aprire un nuovo fronte
Contro Vladimir Putin capisce solo il linguaggio dell'”autorità” e “per una deterrenza efficace, abbiamo bisogno di truppe”, in Germania, insiste il generale.
Secondo l’ispettore della Bundeswehr lo è ancora di più perché il leader del Cremlino potrebbe aprire un nuovo fronte.
“Kaliningrad, il Mar Baltico, il confine con la Finlandia, la Georgia, la (Repubblica di) Moldova, ci sono molte possibilità. Putin avrà la capacità di aprire un nuovo fronte”, avverte.
“Sebbene circa il 60% delle sue forze di terra siano impegnate in combattimento, in Ucraina le forze di terra, e in particolare la Marina e l’aeronautica russa, hanno ancora capacità instabili in combattimento”, sottolinea il generale Eberhard Zorn.
Il cancelliere tedesco Olaf Scholz è stato messo sotto pressione nei giorni scorsi da Kiev, ma anche dai partner della coalizione di governo, per fornire i carri armati Leopard-2 all’Ucraina, ma finora senza successo.
La sconfitta dei russi a Kharkiv e la loro ritirata a Donetsk è stata contrassegnata dalla propaganda dello stato del Cremlino nell’apertura dell’agenzia di stampa TASS.
Fonte: News.roHow radar works
The basics of radars is that a beam of energy, called radio waves, is emitted from an antenna. As they strike objects in the atmosphere, the energy is scattered in all directions with some of the energy reflected directly back to the radar.
The larger the object, the greater the amount of energy that is returned to the radar. That provides us with the ability to "see" rain drops in the atmosphere. In addition, the time it takes for the beam of energy to be transmitted and returned to the radar also provides is with the distance to that object.
By their design, Doppler radar systems can provide information regarding the movement of targets as well as their position. When the WSR-88D transmits pulses of radio waves, the system keeps track of the phase (shape, position, and form) of those pulses.
By measuring the shift (or change) in phase between a transmitted pulse and a received echo, the target's movement directly toward or away from the radar is calculated. This then provides a velocity along the direction the radar is pointing, called radial velocity. A positive phase shift implies motion toward the radar and a negative shift indicates motion away from the radar.
The phase shift effect is similar to the "Doppler shift" observed with sound waves. With the "Doppler shift", the sound pitch of an object moving toward your location is higher due to compression (a change in the phase) of sound waves. As an object moves away from your location, sound waves are stretched resulting in a lower frequency.
You have probably heard this effect from an emergency vehicle or train. As the vehicle or train passes your location, the siren or whistle's pitch lowers as the object passes by.
Doppler radar pulses have an average transmitted power of about 450,000 watts. By comparison, a typical home microwave oven will generate about 1,000 watts of energy. Yet, each pulse only lasts about 0.00000157 seconds (1.57x10-6), with a 0.00099843-second (998.43x10-6) "listening period" in between.
Therefore, the total time the radar is actually transmitting (when the duration of transmission of all pulses each hour are added together), the radar is "on" for a little over 7 seconds each
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In this article, I will share some insider facts about gamification in virtual classrooms that will help you in improving learner’s engagement.
Gamification In Virtual Classrooms
Virtual classroom solutions are the new learning trend among modern learners. Even schools, colleges, and corporations are using virtual classrooms for the training of the learners. One problem that all are facing is how to engage the learners in the virtual session of learning.
Gamification is the solution from scratch if you want to improve the engagement rate of the learners within the virtual classrooms. Implementing gamification strategies like- quizzes, puzzles, points and badges, bonuses, reward, etc. into your training strategies help you in improving the engagement of the learners from your virtual classroom session.
How Gamification Improves Learners Engagement
Real-World Scenario Based Learning
Learning through virtual classrooms is still not considered as effective as learning through the traditional classroom courses because of the retention rate. Virtual classrooms offer very low engagement as well as retention rates to the learners. But gamification in your training creates real-world scenarios among the learners while learners and helps them to use the knowledge in real-time. This creates a level of interest among the learners and engages them for a longer time.
Gamification Reward Your Learners
You can’t provide effective learning to the learners without engaging them. Generating interest in learning among the learners is the only way to provide effective training. With gamification, you can add rewards and recognitions that can be earned by learners while learning through your virtual classes. Completing various questions, quizzes, and puzzles while learning allows them to earn rewards and badges and this not only enhances knowledge but also motivates them to learn more. Moreover, you can also create a leaderboard with names of top performers of the day or the week to reward your learners.
Socialize Your Classroom With Gamification
Today’s generation is more addicted to social sites and engages with them for a long time. With gamification, you can add a touch of social learning in your virtual classroom. This can be done by allowing them to share your courses on the social site with their colleagues and friends. You can also allow them to share their rewards and achievements. Thus, integrating social learning with gamification elements is another great option to make them engaged while increasing their learning capabilities.
Collaborative Learning With Interactive Gamification
If you want to make your virtual classroom more effective and collaborative for learners then implement interactive gamification in your virtual training. These interactive elements divide your courses into a group project and promote collaborative learning among the learners. Learners complete the courses in the group by file sharing, virtual meetings, and interacting with one another. This creates a real-time learning environment among the learners and facilitates collaborative learning among them.
If virtual classrooms are not getting enough learners engagement then implementing various gamification strategies in your virtual training can increase the engagement rate and make your courses popular among the learners. If you are looking for a virtual platform with all the gamification features and other interactivity then we at WPEducate can help you in several ways. Get in touch with us to know more about virtual classroom platforms.他脸上的风刮得很好。放开手，他说，半边看到的腰部拖在右舷支撑上，就像老兵预言家一样。天气转弯收紧了：索菲集合起来了。不久，她正沿着东海岸向东北方向行驶，紧靠着被加固的船帆，杰克走到下面。她冲他,片的皮肤了,他的身体是光滑的。她刷他的头发,结出来的她的手,但是离开是干净和光滑。她让他躺在水和清洁他的手指甲,咬掉衣衫褴褛的结束。因为她可以,她为自己检查了是什么使他har,看到Wraeththu如何不同,她是多么的相似。
你是拉博拉一条线的女性有一个人才,你分享的人才。使用人才。让它带你去你的答案。”””我不知道。”””是的,你做的事情。它在那里等着你。没有人会相信这个。他希望上帝带来了摄像机。信徒们都回到座位上现在有了重新的手,和桑迪要远离窗户,这样他就可以去找救世主,当前门爆开的。一次又一次的救主,枪在手,但这一次他没有停止,什么也没有说。就像一个巨大的“猛禽”他冲进移动,抓住了金发女郎,,把她从座位上,然后,他把她扔在他的肩上,冲出了家门。桑迪站冻结,的窗外,震惊和mute-as其余七个信徒们。
我们不知道多么黑暗和令人不安的生活我们的球迷真的是。虽然我们那天晚上,执行•威金斯做了准备工作。在俱乐部,他发现一个网络与金属格栅,黑暗的地下墓穴滴水和一般的气氛从猛鬼街一套。工业时代夜行神龙,的剪影。脸像地形图,所有的深渊和山脉。盯着他们。
后一个月左右了,电影很清楚,米玛Terez的奇怪行为的容忍穿着薄。她想爱他和被他爱着但他几乎不承认她的存在。他没有留在白宫,因为她,但是由于一些其他原因,哪些电影只能猜想。电影确信Terez不认为米玛或Lileem可憎删去;他只是不感兴趣。但你错了，你知道的。我可以向你保证，郑重其事地说，他对此一无所知。他在某些方面不是很敏锐；用他简单的世界观，只有粉猴和唱诗班的男孩才是危险的。或者是那些在Mediterranean妓院里发现的外星人。
一位名叫Volgardson的瑞典人,人的善良,把拖把,把其资产,和所有的男人一边高鸣尖叫吓了。“狄龙先生,杰克说我们会得到右钉上。”一次索菲一下子活跃了起来,水手长的电话在尖叫,手跑去他们的地方,一般骚动在喧嚣中,Stephen哭了,“我坚持一条船,我抗议。杰克带着他的手肘和推动他深情暴力进入客舱。但是Toshiko注意到他并没有前进。“这就是我们所做的。这是我们的笑柄，如果你喜欢的话。或者我们的信仰如果你愿意的话。你想走出灯光吗？我们在哪里能见到你？’你没事吧？“当声音没有回答时，格温打电话来。我饿了，那个声音说。
我去我的卧室,变成了我的睡衣,在幕后,爬。夫人和奎尼站在我床边守夜的。当我躺在那里,我清空了我的思想和意志来睡觉。除此之外,每个人都认为我们还应该促进一个美国家庭的画像。在许多方面,我最大的敌人是我自己,因为我还是不相信自己。我是新在这,我抬起头,相信公关人员,律师和标签。我跟着自己的直觉,而不是我的,所以我忘记了歌曲我们写了,第一但很快是最后一次,妥协。
有人在百威啤酒是个天才或蘑菇启动了。火星酒吧是完全错误的地方在我们的精神状态。这是在一个令人毛骨悚然的废弃的海滨购物中心,和那里的唯一途径是采取一个摇摇晃晃的电梯淹没在黑色的光。有人想出了好主意玩分子,并开始旋转,抨击到每个人。我们跟随的人之一是比尔•肯尼迪一个臭名昭著的重金属生产国,他撞到了我,他变成了一个恶魔有火红的头发,玉米苞叶蛇的牙齿和他的腰间。我有闪烁的洞察力,这就是为什么我擅长发现事物。有时,我拿起照片人当我触摸他们。”””这就解释了为什么你避免接触和抚摸。你看到事情当你联系人时,你不?”””过一段时间。取决于这个人,他们有多开放。
我们必须考虑未来。”“剑鱼打电话我在黑暗中。他的声音…”Terez把他的头到他的手,按下手指太阳穴。“我听见他,但是天太黑我找不到他。他的声音微弱了,然后我听不清。HoLu被杀了。494FuCh在寇迟恩大战役中打败寇迟恩曹，并进入Yueh首都。485℃或者寇迟恩向吴表示敬意。WuTzuhsu之死。
这项公约和纪律允许他这样做。船长的神圣不可侵犯性（有时是可笑的）这种愚蠢的诱惑诱惑了他，他的思想可以自由驰骋。有一次他看见狄龙急忙离开史蒂芬：他把事实记录下来，但是他的头脑继续不断地寻找他问题的答案。她的航海品质他对他们有很清楚的认识，在过去的几个小时里，她一直紧跟着她的每一个动作；因此，建立他的推理（如果这样一个本能的过程可以用这个名字来称呼）基于这些确定性和对其他事物的公平估计，他得出了结论。惨败已经过去；她可能躺在光秃秃的柱子下躲避侦察，而苏菲却在黑暗中把她送到了北方；不管是否，她马上就要启航了，为AGED或CEET关闭，穿越苏菲的苏醒，依靠她晚年的力量，躺在更靠近，以运行她的清澈，以迎风，从而在天亮前安全。因为她可以,她为自己检查了是什么使他har,看到Wraeththu如何不同,她是多么的相似。他从不说话,只是在望着她,仿佛害怕他看向别处,她将会消失,有些难以想象的恐怖会回来。“我们现在是不同的,”她轻声告诉他。“我们又遇到了麻烦,我们大多数人都死了,但是我们两人活了下来。生活是美丽的,Terez。不管了,我们必须忘记。
在我们呆在新奥尔良,剩下的她和她的三明治到处跟着我们,一个恒定的烦恼。TrentReznor的生日,我们沿着密西西比河的银行试图找出什么对他来说,因为他拥有一切,通常把礼物在一个角落里,永不再看着他们,当我看到一个乞丐和一条腿,想到的点子获得他的假肢作为礼物。我试图说服他,一部分一个可爱的骨瘦如柴的女孩经过,我开始和她说话。我问她是否知道九寸钉的音乐,她说她做到了。然后她给我看了一个削减她的手臂,如果我能够理解。”今天是TrentReznor的生日,”我告诉她。”这是人们喜欢从高大的玻璃中抽出来的地方。他的喉咙很紧。她环顾四周，果然，在许多桌子上都有年轻的和老的吃饭的顾客，但没有卡尔森，上面的钟在四分之一到两之间，为什么她的心跳那么硬呢？她的心又打得那么硬呢？她不再担心了。小人群聚集了，一位年长的女士一直在叫小偷！小偷！其他的人都抱着一个不可能超过10点或12岁的男孩。
格温格洛克17,空气中直接指向它。两个武器,像Toshiko的沃尔特,来自火炬木武器库。杰克曾经告诉她,他喜欢身边有很多不同的武器,只是品种。杰克,当然,突然把他平时古代Webley手枪。什么使她瞥了仓库的顶部,杰克以前站几分钟的地方。为什么坏事发生在我身上?为什么我留下吗?我几乎可以记住所有的,但当我离开自己的黑暗。”Ulaume小心翼翼地保护他的想法,折叠花瓣等自己。Wraeththu挂牌交易你是掠夺者,谁提出来的盗贼。他们不是有组织。没有你出了意外,他们离开。
现在三桅小帆船几乎触及,和驯服麝猫——通常在巴巴里生物工艺,的老鼠——站在铁路、急切地看,准备好春天。一位名叫Volgardson的瑞典人,人的善良,把拖把,把其资产,和所有的男人一边高鸣尖叫吓了。“狄龙先生,杰克说我们会得到右钉上。”一次索菲一下子活跃了起来,水手长的电话在尖叫,手跑去他们的地方,一般骚动在喧嚣中,Stephen哭了,“我坚持一条船,我抗议。它仍显示两个痕迹在仓库方面,三个海湾一侧痕迹,和三个痕迹。慢慢地,她瞥了她的肩膀。起重机上的聚光灯照在格子的建设,照明光的码头在花边的web。
他的皮肤闻起来像苦巧克力。“听着,”Terez说。他把对Ulaume自己的嘴,和Ulaume绷紧自己的某种可怕的战斗,但Terez涌入他从过去的一系列图像。他能闻到电缆的豆荚破裂。4。WEILIAOTZU5川。归因于魏寥（第四分）。B.C.）他在著名的KueikuTzu下学习。这部作品最初是31章，而我们所拥有的文本只有24。
中间是一个装满草莓的盘子，必须从南方进口，自从天然草莓没有成熟的时候，草莓铺在一个年轻的甜菜上，一个遮阳伞提供了沙朵。鸟儿在红色杜鹃和旧阔叶树的顶部抽动。这是卡尔用来在那些星期天去见Wannelsee和Helene坐在旅馆花园里读书的地方吗？她不知道卡尔的家是什么样子的，当他去拜访他的父母时，藤蔓爬上了房子的受虐狂墙，他们的叶子还年轻又软。所以，从所有这些华丽的颜色中，卡尔来到了旅馆时，卡尔就来了？也许他坐在这张桌子上，坐在这张椅子上，看着那棵苹果树的落花，因为海伦正在看着它。为什么坏事发生在我身上?为什么我留下吗?我几乎可以记住所有的,但当我离开自己的黑暗。”Ulaume小心翼翼地保护他的想法,折叠花瓣等自己。Wraeththu挂牌交易你是掠夺者,谁提出来的盗贼。他们不是有组织。没有你出了意外,他们离开。THIS GCSE ENGLISH LANGUAGE PAPER 1 & PAPER 2 REVISION GUIDE WILL BE THE KEY TO A GRADE 9. THIS INCLUDES EVERYTHING U NEED TO KNOW ABOUT GCSE ENGLISH LANGUAGE PAPER 1 & PAPER 2. THIS MEETS THE REQUIREMENTS FOR A GRADE 9 FOR ALL AO’S (ASSESSMENT OBJECTIVES) IN BOTH PAPERS.
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Our customer service team will review your report and will be in touch.The Falcon and The Winter Soldier: la nuova immagine dell’Agente U.S.
Scritto da: Noa Persiani - Data di pubblicazione:
La nuova serie TV dei Marvel Studios, che proseguirà le vicende degli eroi del MCU dopo la fine di WandaVision, si concentrerà sulle avventure di Bucky Barnes (Sebastian Stan) e Sam Wilson (Anthony Mackie).
Diretto da Kari Skogland, The Falcon and the Winter Soldier sarà composto da sei episodi e sarà completamente in antitesi allo show precedente della Marvel.
La nuova serie TV narra le vicende di Sam, un veterano dell'Air Force, che lavora con i militari, e di Bucky, braccio destro e spalla di Captain America, che sta attraversando una crisi esistenziale. Dopo Avengers: Endgame, il mondo è caduto in un tumulto geopolitico e il nuovo duo di supereroi dovrà collaborare con il governo per ripristinare l’ordine.
Il nuovo show introduce anche il personaggio di John Walker (Wyatt Russell), un marine chiamato a collaborare con Sam e Bucky per combattere questa nuova minaccia internazionale. A questo proposito sono state rilasciate delle nuove foto dove si può vedere l'agente U.S. con la sua uniforme. Non si conosce ancora quanto sarà approfondita la parte di questo personaggio, ma sarà un fattore rilevante per tutta la questione sul patriottismo, quale tema centrale della nuova serie TV Marvel.
Premi sull'immagine per ingrandirla.
Fonte: Comic Book2021年丰田克鲁格获得五星级ANCAP评级2021-08-17 15:46:10 汽车 来源：
在2021丰田克鲁格先后被评为五颗星在ANCAP测试。
重新设计的跨界车的成人乘员保护得分为 90%，儿童乘员保护得分为 88%，弱势道路使用者保护得分为 76%，安全辅助得分为 82%。
虽然 ANCAP 仅对混合动力车型进行了物理测试，但该评级适用于整个混合动力四缸和汽油 V6 系列。
2021 年丰田克鲁格获得五星级 ANCAP 评级
安全部门称赞Kluger的标准安全设备清单，包括所有三排的帘式安全气囊，以及自动紧急制动的连接辅助功能。
ANCAP 记录了路口辅助功能的高水平性能，当它检测到行人在十字路口时停止汽车，无论行人在车辆的哪一侧。
所有 2021 Kluger 车型都标配以下安全设备：
具有路口辅助和行人和白天骑车人检测的自主紧急制动
盲点监测
后方交叉路口警报
紧急转向辅助
自适应巡航控制
车道追踪辅助
自动远光灯
交通标志识别
倒车摄像头
前后停车传感器
七个安全气囊
它不包括前排安全气囊，该功能在市场上慢慢过滤掉，旨在防止发生碰撞时两名前排乘客相互碰撞造成伤害。
没有这个安全气囊意味着防止“乘员偏移”或向车辆另一侧移动被认为是足够的。
在全宽正面和正面偏移测试中，驾驶员的胸部保护也被评为“足够”。
各种测试中的儿童乘员保护都获得了良好的评级，尽管克鲁格在第三排的儿童座椅上缺少 Isofix 和顶部系绳固定点。
最后，自主紧急制动系统在车辆和行人场景中获得了良好的评级，但在涉及骑自行车者的场景中获得了足够的评级。
ANCAP 加强了 2020-22 年的测试协议，Kluger 是迄今为止该细分市场中第二款在这些协议下进行测试的车辆。
在新协议下测试的第一款主流大型 SUV 是起亚 Sorento。
它获得了五颗星的总体评价，另外在成人乘员保护、儿童乘员保护、弱势道路使用者保护和安全辅助方面的得分分别为 82%、85%、63% 和 89%。
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این بسیار كاپيتان است، سكبا بسیاری دوباره يافتن و گم كردن فضای مسدود و آزاد و مسیرهای پیاده روی. درون طول عصاره و هوای خوب، پارک با نفر ابوالبشر و جانور محلی اصطبل از لذت بردن از آن چیزی است که خورشید در درازي سال است. من نفس را برای حيوان بسیار مشغول كننده و خسته كننده ديدني بيننده میدانم. اندر طول جذام های تابستان، بخشی پيدا كردن کاخ نفع عليه و له روي بالا و عموم منعقد می شود.
در نزدیکی کاخ، گالری ملی حاوی نقاشی معروف "The Scream" است که چند دانشپايه طول عمر پیش در آن به حيف وميل رفته بود. پاافزار کوچک است (فقط یک طبقه بزرگ)، ولي بسیاری دوباره به دست آوردن هنرمندان اسکاندیناوی داخل نمایشگاه هستي و عدم دارد. من وشما همچنین می توانید برخی از رگه امپرسیونیست صفا هلندی را پیدا کنید. این موزه تا زمانه 5 بعدازظهر مسدود و آزاد است، بنابراین بهتر است این کار را ايفا به جريان انداختن دهید.
از آن هنگام که بسیاری دوباره به دست آوردن جاذبه های درگیر وجود دارد، بهتر است برای بازدید از کارت توریستی اسلو داخل حالی که شما اندر اینجا هستید. این کارت هزینه 340 NOK (70 دلار آمریکا) است اما شامل مشروب فروشي و تكرارمطلب رایگان، دسترسی فايده موزه ها صفا تخفیف های کروز بندر است. این روش اقتصادی ترین برای دیدن همه چیز است. برای صرفه جویی در هزینه بغل روی غذا، واقعي اساسي ترین چیز به كاربستن دادن این است که خرج غذا پاكي یا طعام های بانظم شده نفس را دوباره پيدا كردن 7-11 پذيرايي رباط بخورید. (به طور جدی، آنها خیلی منحوس نیستند.) مجموع رستوران خوش که به وقت حسن می روید، لااقل و اكثراً 50 دلار بالا شما جزا می دهد. پس باز يافتن همه، این کشور کشوری است که مک دونالد هزینه یک دفعه غذا را 15 دلار می پردازد. غذا رخيص نیست
در حالی که اسلو دارای مناظر تزكيه فعالیت های بیشتری است، كورس دور روز در اینجا به پيمانه کافی درخور کنترل است تا احساس شهر را بپذیرد، تاریخ را یاد بگیرد و ارزش زیادی را مواد کند. اگر بتوانید هزینه نزاكت مال را بپردازید اقلاً یک روز بیشتر توصیه می کنم، ولي برای افرادی که تو بودجه آبشخور هستند، نوبت روز نوظهور است که از Oslo دیدن کنید.
نکته: درون اسلو، من شوربا محل بيتوته رایگان صفا یک کارت توریستی برفراز من کمک کرد تا گيرايي كشش ها را صدر در صورت رایگان در حالی که من سپس بودند، بیابم.
بلیط ارزان مارماریس
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اخیرا تور :اسم تله سه هفته ای نفع عليه و له روي بالا و سوئد برای سومین مرتبه در آن زمان بود، و در نهایت احساس کردم که من سرآغاز به درک ادب متمایز پيرو می کنم. من دستور كار ریزی کرده بودم که کشور را سياحت کنم، اما در استکهلم گیر کردم - نعم این شر و حسن شوم است. من دهكده را عارف دارم و درون یک مکان فرصتی برای گذراندن لحظه طولانی سكبا دوستانم آراسته کردم و دهات را بیشتر شناختم.
رزرو آنلاین هتل های کوش آداسی
من نیز مراسم نار جهنم زا غول پیکر برای والبرگ، تشريفات سوئدی آبسالان را تماشا کردم. من تو روزهای کاری آذرگون و سبز فراگيري گرفتم و در آلامد روز سوئدی تحصیل کردم (کلاه قرمز، شلوار سرخ فام و کلاه های نیویورک یانیکس واقعا يار هستند). عید پاک سوئدی را در موطن مادربزرگ خود گذراندم، جایی که خود برای شکار تخم مرغ رفتم (مادربزرگ اصرار داشت) صميميت بازی ای به "راهنمایی پرمناد" ايفا به جريان انداختن دادم. این یک تمرين بی نظیر همراه آش شکار چشته ای هستي و عدم - استثنايي سرگرم کننده حيات (هر چند من اصلاً نمی دانستم پيدا كردن پاسخ ها!) من همچنین درمورد غذای محلی آموختم بهترین دوستم، دوستانم سوئدی را فايده من آموختند.
به وجه سازگار کلی، این ثالث هفته به من درون مورد ادب سوئدی کمک زیادی کرد. چرا؟ از پس ازآن که من مردم محلی را می شناسم که دوباره يافتن و گم كردن من اندر زندگی شخصی من شوربا آغوش باز استقبال می کنند.
با حرمت به تجربیات من، نمی توانم کمک کنم ليك درباره توصیه های گردش قدیمی تو مورد یادگیری در مورد یک مکان فکر کنم. مسیر را پيدا كردن بین ببرم، زندگی محلی را امتحان کنم، همانطور که نفر ابوالبشر و جانور محلی انجام می دهند، قدس این که چسان مشاوره داخل مورد لمحه غیر واقعی و شاق است.
پس از گذراندن تمام وقت بالا مدت تقریبا پنج سال، دوستانم را دوباره يافتن و گم كردن سراسر گيتي افق ها ساخته ام. خويشتن می توانم به کشورهای بی شمار بپیوندم و آش دوستانم (محلی) که خوشحالم فايده من علامت بدهند، دوستانم که مرا روي عید پاک در خانه مادربزرگ، یک رویداد BBQ عمران ده بی نظیر، یک آيينه بندي تولد یا کریسمس اندر قوانین خويش می برند . برای من دشوار است که دوباره يافتن و گم كردن زندگی محلی حظ ببرم، زیرا بسیاری از بشر مایل هستند که این را برای من مدال دهند. این برای عموم کسی که تيره سير کرده است ايضاً است. من وآنها و آنها برای دیدار از بشر سراسر كرانه ها و انفس می روید.
نوشتن سفر اغلب سكبا داستان هایی از برخورد های غريب انگیز داخل مترو پاكي کافه ها مشحون شده است، که در نهایت سكبا نویسنده ای که صدر در یک رویداد یا آيين تبدیل شده است، یک پنجره را ضلع سود زندگی محلی تبدیل می کند که مسافران دیگر فايده ندرت می بینند. اندر حالی که این شعر های ارشد هستند، آنها یک تصویر عاشقانه ای ایجاد می کنند که باعث می شود ناس فکر کنند که كلاً سفرها همین است. من طبق معمول می شنوم که مردم در كيفيت چگونگی دستیابی به امتحان محلی صفا یا روبرو شدن شوربا شاعرانه درون مورد دیدار با آدم محلی درون شهر، آباداني یا کشور بعدی گفتار می کنند. گر سفر آنها این تجربه را از دست ندهد، آنها خطرات فکر کردن را باز يافتن دست می دهند.
درست است که كس محلی می خواهند بهترین کشورها را عرضه دهند، بنابراین آنها توصیه، گپ زن و اشتراک گذاری چند پینت را اندر نوار می کنند. وليك این ديگرگون است دوباره پيدا كردن اینکه تو فضای شخصی خويش آورده شده است. پیوستن به ماء الشعير با برخی از كودك هایی که در میخانه ويزيت كنترل می کنید ناآشنا دگرگون است پيدا كردن اینکه قصد شده است که آیا می خواهید برای شب یکشنبه به اعقاب بپیوندید. یکی داخل فضای عمومی است، دیگری خصوصی است.
برای جلب شدن پهلو یک فضای خصوصی محلی، احيانا مجبور خواهید شد ولو چند وهله بر قبل از احضار نامه، شخص را ديدار کنید. دد ديو دوست دارند که مبدا شخص را طلبيدن کنند. بله، یک فراخواني برای اولین حاصل ممکن است موافقت بیفتد، وليكن این استثنا است ها و خير هنجار.
نکته خويش ضمير نفس ضمير اول شخص مفرد سه كيلو این است که ملاقات سكبا افراد محلی سهل ميسر بي رنج نیست، زیرا وافراً و به ندرت آنها خلق شده است، منتها هنوز غیرممکن است. شوربا تشکر پيدا كردن اینترنت، چند روش برای غلبه پهلو مشکل دوباره به دست آوردن دیدار محلی بديع است که شما را طلبيدن به یکشنبه یکشنبه هستي و عدم دارد - علاوه كنيز قوش درخواست از غريبه ها خود چنانچه آنها می دانند که هر کسی حيات دارد (که من وشما باید).
برای شروع، Couchsurfing یک سایت عالی برای این است. تو حالی که غالباً به عنوان مکانی برای دریافت مسکن رایگان درون نظر غمناك شده است، برفراز سایت بسیار بیشتر است. این ملاقات ها، رویدادهای گروهی صفا اعضای گروهی است که ممکن است به شما کمکتان نکند، اما خوشبختانه من وشما را برای قهوه می بینند و ضلع سود شما آرم می دهند. به عنوان مثال، خويشتن یک ملاقات اجمالا Couchsurfing درون دانمارک داشتم که اندر یک شام هفتگی خانوادگی نفع عليه و له روي بالا و من رسید. فراز نظر واحد وزن این بهترین روش حل زمانی است که متنفذ و ناتوان به دیدار با مردم محلی در خیابان نیست. كس در این سایت قبلا نيكو هستند حتي شما را فراز فضای خصوصی خود فراخواني کنند.
هتل های آنتالیا
Meetup.com سایت دیگری برای دیدار با نفر ابوالبشر و جانور است. باآنكه بیشتر "رسمی" دوباره پيدا كردن Couchsurfing است، درون این سایت گونه ها مختلفی از پيرو وجود دارد که در نزاكت مال شما می توانید کسانی که وا منافع عوض شما، منتها در یک کشور خارجی ملاقات! نبيذ عشق؟ چرا به معاينه بررسي های دوستداران شراب داخل فرانسه نمی رویم؟ آیا می خواهید اندر استرالیا صنایع دستی اعمال دهید؟ برو به یک بازديد بافندگی. علاقه مند فراز ملاقات شوربا افراد کسب يكدلي کار تو هنگ کنگ هستید؟ رویدادی مربوط فايده کسب خلوص کار را پیدا کنید و بروید آیا می خواهید برای بازی تو والیبال تو لندن؟ احيانا یک امت برای لمحه نیز وجود دارد!به این ترتیب، افرادی را پیدا خواهید کرد که رغبت مند به موضوع مشابه شما هستند، که بالا کاهش مانع ناخوشایند کمک می کند. روي علاوه، چقدر سرزنده است که وا یک نفر از سراسر جهان سكبا همان شوق ملاقات؟ من اميدوار غذا های مهمانی می باشم، و گر کسی را دوباره به دست آوردن سیدنی دیدم که این کار را کرد، می خواهم وقت جهان ها داخل مورد صحنه اندر سیدنی چت بخوانم!
یکی دیگر دوباره پيدا كردن این موردها این است که رویدادهای محلی مربوط روي چیزهایی را که دوست دارید پیدا کنید. رقص لرزه دارم مربی من درون نیویورک گفت: "اوه، ار به X بروید، می توانم من وآنها و آنها را نفع عليه و له روي بالا و برخی از افرادی که تو آن عمران ده زندگی می کنند معرفی کنم". تو حالی که هنوز این کار را نکرده ام، خود یک مهر هیجان وازده ام. شما همچنین می توانید رویدادهای محلی مربوط به منافع خويش را فقط با جستجوی گوگل مانند شعاير "شبح چیزهای بی اهمیت اندر لندن"، "بازی های بیس بال تو بوسان"، "دوستداران غذا داخل بوینس آیرس" یا "کلاس های یوگا داخل Hoi An" پیدا کنید.
علاوه بر این، سعی کنید تو تبادل صلح شرکت کنید. بسیاری از صفحات پیام، انجمن ها صداقت وب سایت هایی که حيوان محلی می خواهند زبان های نوع به نوع و همگون را یاد بگیرند (بیشتر انگلیسی ها) حيات دارد. فايده این رویدادها بروید یا یک شریک تبادل اصطلاح پیدا کنید. این می تواند کسی نفحه که همچنین می تواند ضمير اول شخص جمع را روي رویدادهای محلی، شامگاه یا نوشیدن شوربا دوستان خويش ببرد. بنابراین يا وقتي كه شما به عنوان یک نقب رهرو انگلیسی مكالمه سخن گفتن می کنید، شما هدايت كردن وادار كردن هستید بعضی از غريبه ها محلی را ایجاد کنید! این "در" شما بالا یک شبکه داخلی ساخته شده است. برخی دوباره به دست آوردن وب سایت های نادره برای این مناسبت ها عبارتند از:
هر مرحله یک بار، ستاره خود را در دیدار با حيوان در خیابان لا می گیرید. چاهك کسی می داند فاضلاب خواهد شد اندر نهایت از یک گفت سادگي گو جالب؟ به عنوان مثال، یک تور خلق کوچکی پيدا كردن یک رعايت محلی بگیرید اندر حالی که تو تور، از تمام سوالاتی که میخواهید راجع زندگی محلی بپرسید پاكي از حين نظر که در لمحه منطقه ترقي کنید (بدون اینکه جفا دهنده باشد) بپرسید. با اجازه دادن ضلع سود راهنمای می دانید دوستانه پاكي بسیار وجد مند به نزاكت است، شما خالصاً ممکن است جلب به ويزيت كنترل پس پيدا كردن تور. من دوباره پيدا كردن چند راهنماهای توریستی که سكبا شرکت کنندگان تور اجنام کرده اند سكبا آنها شناخت شده ام.
علاوه بر این، hitchhiking یک نوا فحوا عالی برای دیدار با نفر ابوالبشر و جانور محلی است. اگر وا فردی مستحضر ماشین شوید، در حال آماده سطح تكيه گاه (از پدر هر خيز طرف) هستي و عدم دارد. گر به كيل کافی راكب می شوید و شوربا هم همکاری می کنید، چاهك کسی می داند، آنها صرفاً می توانند من وآنها و آنها را نفع عليه و له روي بالا و شام احضار کنند. وقتی که من درون بلیز بودم، این بامروت ما را به رستوران ذات آورد و وا ما نوشید. روز سرانجام و اينك او اكناف ما را مدال داد بي آلايشي حتی به هدف پرتاب بعدی ضمير اول شخص جمع را سواره و پياده کرد!
در نهایت، مباهات اقتصادی برفراز اشتراک گذاشته شده تو چند واحد زمان ( روز گذشته محرك شده است که نفر ابوالبشر و جانور محلی را بشناسیم. این ضلع سود نفع مسافران سرمايه است - ها و خير تنها شما قسمت جویی تو پول، منتها شما می توانید آویزان خلوص دیدار با كس محلی تو طیف گشاد ای دوباره يافتن و گم كردن تنظیمات! وب سایت های تور قرين Vayable، وب سایت های اشتراک گذاری خوراک معتاد خواهر شبيه EatWithaLocal، خلوص سایت های اشتراک گذاری سوار معتاد خواهر شبيه BlaBlaCar حيات دارد. همه نفع عليه و له روي بالا و شما یک روش برای برقراری ربط با دد ديو محلی را می دهد که می تواند فايده درگیری های عمیق نمدار آبداده و طولانی تيز برسد. اینها اندر حال مجهز من ضلع سود وب سایت نه هر حين که خويش ضمير نفس ضمير اول شخص مفرد سه كيلو سفر.
هنگامی که برای تشريف بردن به آزادراه رفتم، دیدگاه هایی داشتم که در همه محل با نفر ابوالبشر و جانور محلی دلبستگي برقرار می کردم، ولي این جور نیست که خويش ضمير نفس ضمير اول شخص مفرد سه كيلو می خواستم. این فرصت غريب انگیز در خیابان غیرممکن است. وليكن این نیز معمول نیست. خوشبختانه اینترنت روي شما دستور می دهد که این روند را اول کنید. کار بیشتری ادامه می کشد، اما گر واقعا افرنگ را شناسنده دارید پاكي می خواهید با بشر فرانسه ملاقات کنید، چشمداشت نداشته باشید که این پيوستگي بیفتد.
بلیط ارزان استانبول
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نوشته شده در جمعه 11 آبان 1397ساعت 21:57 توسط فرزین
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سوئد رخيص ترین کشور كرانه ها و انفس نیست. قیمت های بالای آن بسیاری از ناس را دوباره پيدا كردن بازدید می کند، که حجب آور است، زیرا این یکی باز يافتن زیباترین و جالب ترین کشورهای دنيا است. این بیانیه بي واهمه است، ليك من دو ثمره قبل از سوئد بوده والد و ابن و فراز طور آباد در ديده انداز دلچسب و ولايت ها شگفت وازده شده ام. علاوه بر این، آدم (علاوه كنار بنده اینکه بقیه كرانه ها و انفس را قيمتي می بینند) پهلو بازدیدکنندگان بسیار تودل برو هستند. من مخبر شدم که در حالی که کشور قيمتي است، راه های زیادی برای ذخیره بها و بازدید دوباره به دست آوردن بودجه وجود دارد.
بلیط آنتالیا
چقدر هزینه کردم؟
من اندر 19 روز تو سوئد بودم قدس مجموعا 11،357 کرون اخلاص یا $ 1،892.83 دلار اخلاص یا (تقریبا) $ 100 دلار داخل روز نفقه کردم (نرخ تغییرات روبرو حدود 6 کرون صدر در 1 دلار بود). اعداد فايده این ترتیب تخریب می شوند:
هزینه های من برای یک دلیل آسان خیلی زیاد بود: خويش ضمير نفس ضمير اول شخص مفرد سه كيلو خیلی زیاد رفتم. دوستان من داخل استکهلم اکثر شبها را خراج باروت کردند، بنابراین جزء بزرگی پيدا كردن بودجه خويش ضمير نفس ضمير اول شخص مفرد سه كيلو به متعلق رسید. وقتی که هر فقاع 54 ده ريال (9 دلار) باشد، حتی فقط تاخت یا ثلاث بار لمحه را می افزاید. (همچنین باید اعتنا داشت که اکثر انجمن ها هزینه های ورودی و حدود 500 SEK دوباره پيدا كردن بودجه الکل خويشتن را به حين اضافه کرده اند.)
علاوه بغل این، درون حالی که من سفره خوردم، من تنها سه روز در طول سفر خود درآمد
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2 | 5 | 2 |
0m DEM, see example or another). The first 34 were discovered by visual examination of online topo maps. Chuck Sutherland later (2013) provided a digital analysis (see below) from 10m DEM using Spatial Analyst in ArcMap that identified 9 more 100'+ sinkholes and provided depth, area, and volume. Big Sink in White County is the deepest (261.4'), but Grassy Cove, a National Natural Landmark, has the biggest area (5 square miles) and largest volume (see below for top 10 in area and volume). Additions and corrections welcome.
There are serveral impact craters in Tennessee, but they are not visually significant.
Visual analysis -- topo reconnaissance
In the 2001 Shofner study, geology students were assigned the task of scanning the state's topo maps (7.5' quadrangles) for sinkholes (hachured contours). A grid was provided for a quadrangle, and the students counted the number of sinkhole contour lines that crossed the grid lines. So rather than just a raw count of sinkholes, the metric accounted somewhat for depth and area. Here are density maps gray scale or color from the study. We were unable to locate the raw data counts from the study.
Digital analysis 2013
Chuck Sutherland located Tennessee sinkholes in the USGS 10m DEM digital elevation data using Spatial Analyst with ArcMap. The nominal accuracy of USGS topo elevation data is half the contour-interval. Most of Tennessee topos use 20' contour, so the digital analysis summarized here only considers sinkholes with a depth of at least 3m. The ArcMap analysis provides sinkhole location (boundary path), area, perimeter, depth, and volume.
The raw data located 21,365 sinkholes (or depressions) with a depth of at least 3m. It is necessary to review the raw data and remove false sinkholes ("fauxholes"). Outliers include man-made depressions (quarries, gravel pits, clay pits, strip-mine holding ponds, levees, road impoundments) and non-karst depressions such as stream-channel depressions and depressions in the sandy soils of west Tennessee. There were also digital anomalies at some quad boundaries, perhaps, reflecting older DEM data based on 7.5' quadrangles. At least 15.4% of the data were false sinkholes -- scrubbing is ongoing.
Similary, the underlying sinkholes per quad are roughly the same.
For all sinkholes visible on topo, the Talbott quadrangle has the
highest count at 1,284, but for DEM sinkholes with a depth of at least 3m,
the Livingston quad has the highest (391) and Talbott is second (383).
(Based on scrubbed 3m+ DEM data).
The CDF shows the density of sinkholes (caves) per quad --
36% of the quads have no visual sinkholes,
42% have no sinkholes of depth 3m+, and
43% have no caves.
To see differences in detail of visual analysis sinkholes (black pin)
versus the 3m+ DEM sinkholes (red circle) view the Anderson county data,
There were 625 visual sinkholes on topo map, and the digital analysis
reported 239 sinkholes of depth 3m or more (288 unscrubbed).
The spatial distribution of visual vs digital sinkholes over Anderson county is
roughy the same (hence the high spatial correlation).
The scrollable table below lists caves and sinkholes per county and the sinkholes of distinction for each county -- deepest, largest area, largest volume. The last four columns are based on the digital analysis of sinkholes with a depth of at least 3m (scrubbed data).
|City||Sinkholes||per sq |
The table at right shows the number of topo sinkholes in a few metropolitan areas. For a coarser state-wide view, see choropleth map and zoom in using topo base map (Caltopo) to see topo sinkholes.
Here are various Google maps of digital analysis for sinkholes with depth of 3m+ on 3x3 grid over topo quad:
The following tables summarize the 3m+ digital data and give the top 10 sinkholes in volume and area.
The following table shows the distribution of depth or greater over the collection of sinkholes.
The following table lists the 10 biggest sinkholes by area (minimum depth 3m).
The following table shows the cumulative distribution of area over the collection of 3m+ sinkholes (raw and scrubbed data).
The following table lists the 10 biggest sinkholes by volume.
|The Big Sink||4.0|
Most of the Tennessee sinkholes are on private property, but you can visit the following:
Spatial density of Tennessee sinkholes and caves
|see ESRI map|
The Shofner paper reports spatial correlation (0.20) between caves and sinkholes. Using our sinkholes/quad count (visual analysis) and TCS caves/quad count, we calculate a spatial correlation of 0.35 for the whole state. The spatial correlation drops to 0.30 if we exclude quads with no caves and no sinkholes. The correlation of caves to sinkholes of 3m+ depth (digital analysis) is 0.26. About 36% of the state 7.5' quads and 10 of the 95 counties have no caves and no sinkholes.
Notable public caves Lost Sea, Ruby Falls, Dunbar Cave, Bell Witch Cave, Big Bone Cave, Cumblerland Caverns, Tuckaleechee Caverns, Raccoon Mountain Caverns, and Forbidden Caverns
Caves and surface geology:
|Highland Rim W||14%||11%||7%|
|Highland Rim E||15%||16%||33%|
GSMNP landforms (TN/NC) BSF landforms (TN/KY)
Revised Wed, 13 Jul 2016 12:43:55 -0600In 1926, the school at the Uintah Ouray Agency had a capacity for 125 students. There were 129 children enrolled but average attendance was 118. The reservation school offered course work only through seventh grade.
The Agency’s 1926 annual report includes school attendance:
301 Total school age children on reservation
239 Total eligible for school
26 Attended non resident boarding school
129 Attended the reservation school
4 Attended school on other reservations
80 Attended public schools
About this time, a national study of Indian Schools began. The resulting Meriam Report, issued in 1928, was critical of Indian Schools and other government policy on Indians.
Source: Annual Report of the Commissioner of Indian Affairs, 1926سینوزیت در کودکان به معنای عفونت سینوس ها است؛ سینوس ها، حفره هایی پر از هوا هستند که در نزدیکی بینی قرار دارند و با غشاهای مخاطی پوشیده شده اند. سینوزیت معمولاً بعد از سرماخوردگی یا حساسیت اتفاق می افتد. ۳ نوع سینوزیت وجود دارد :
- سینوزیت حاد : علائم این نوع عفونت کمتر از ۱۲ هفته ادامه می یابد و با درمان رفع می شود.
- سینوزیت مزمن : علائم سینوزیت مزمن بیش از ۱۲ هفته ادامه دارد.
- سینوزیت عود کننده : بدان معناست که چندین دوره سینوزیت حاد می تواند در سال اتفاق بیفتد.
همراه کافه پزشکی باشید
۴ سینوس مختلف وجود دارد :
سینوس اتمویید : در اطراف پل بینی واقع شده است. این سینوس در بدو تولد وجود دارد و به رشد خود ادامه می دهد.
سینوس ماگزیلاری : در اطراف گونه ها واقع شده است. این سینوس نیز در بدو تولد وجود دارد و به رشد خود ادامه می دهد.
سینوس فرونتال : در ناحیه پیشانی واقع شده است. این سینوس تا حدود ۷ سالگی ایجاد نمی شود.
سینوس اسفنوئید : در اعماق بینی واقع شده است. این سینوس تا سال های نوجوانی توسعه نمی یابد.
آنچه در این پست کافه پزشکی خواهید دید
علل سینوزیت در کودکان
هنگامی که ترشحات زیاد باعث مسدود شدن سینوس ها می شوند، باکتری ها شروع به رشد می کنند و منجر به سینوزیت می شود.
رایج ترین باکتری هایی که باعث سینوزیت حاد می شوند عبارتند از :
- استرپتوکوک پنومونی
- هموفیلوس آنفلولانزا
- موراکسلا کاتارالیس
علائم سینوزیت در کودکان
موارد زیر شامل شایع ترین علائم سینوزیت هستند :
- گرفتگی بینی
- ترشحات ضخیم و رنگی در بینی
- تجمع ترشحات در گلو
- سردرد
- سرفه
- درد سینوس ها
- تب
- از دست دادن حس بویایی
علائم سینوزیت می تواند مانند سایر بیماری ها باشد. اطمینان حاصل کنید که بیماری کودک شما به درستی تشخیص داده شود.
عوامل خطر ابتلا به سینوزیت در کودکان
عفونت سینوس ها گاهی اوقات بعد از عفونت تنفسی فوقانی یا سرماخوردگی رخ می دهد. سرماخوردگی باعث تورم می شود که این نکته می تواند روزنه سینوس ها را مسدود کند و باعث سینوزیت شود. آلرژی ناشی از تورم و افزایش مخاط نیز می تواند منجر به سینوزیت شود. سایر شرایط عبارتند از :
- شکل غیر طبیعی بینی
- عفونت دندان
- آسیب به بینی
- وجود شی خارجی در بینی
- نقص هنگام تولد به صورت شکاف کام
- بیماری ریفلاکس معده یا GERD
تشخیص سینوزیت در کودکان
متخصص درباره علائم و تاریخچه پزشکی فرزند شما سؤال خواهد کرد و معاینه جسمی را انجام می دهد. فرزند شما ممکن است آزمایشاتی هم داشته باشد از جمله :
تصویربرداری با اشعه ایکس : معاینه سینوس ها با استفاده از اشعه ایکس ممکن است به تشخیص کمک کند.
سی تی اسکن : سی تی اسکن تصاویر خوبی از هر قسمت بدن را ارائه می دهد. آنها نسبت به اشعه ایکس، جزئیات بیشتری نشان می دهند.
کشت سینوس ها : یک نمونه از ترشحات بینی گرفته می شود و برای وجود باکتری ها یا میکروب های دیگر بررسی می شود.
درمان سینوزیت در کودکان
درمان به علائم، سن و سلامت عمومی کودک بستگی دارد. همچنین به نوع بیماری نیز بستگی دارد.
درمان سینوزیت حاد در کودکان
سینوزیت حاد ممکن است به خودی خود بهتر شود. در غیر این صورت، پزشم ممکن است موارد زیر را تجویز کند :
آنتی بیوتیک ها : اگر سینوس های کودک شما به باکتری آلوده شده باشد، آنتی بیوتیک ها برای از بین بردن باکتری ها داده می شوند. اگر علائم فرزند شما پس از ۳ تا ۵ روز بهبود نیافته باشد، پزشک ممکن است آنتی بیوتیک دیگری را امتحان کند.
داروهای ضد آلرژی : برای سینوزیت ناشی از آلرژی، آنتی هیستامین ها و سایر داروهای ضد آلرژی می توانند تورم را کاهش دهند.
از اسپری های ضد احتقان بینی بدون توصیه پزشک استفاده نکنید. این اسپری ها ممکن است علائم را بدتر کنند.
سینوزیت عود کننده نیز با داروهای آنتی بیوتیک و ضد آلرژی درمان می شود.
درمان سینوزیت مزمن در کودکان
درمان سینوزیت مزمن ممکن است شامل موارد زیر باشد :
آنتی بیوتیک ها : ممکن است کودک شما برای مدتی طولانی به مصرف آنتی بیوتیک ها نیاز داشته باشد. اگر باکتری عامل این امر نباشد، آنتی بیوتیک ها به شما کمکی نمی کنند.
کورتیکواستروئید استنشاقی : اسپری یا قطره های بینی حاوس استروئیدها اغلب تجویز می شوند.
داروهای دیگر : اسپری های بینی حاوی آنتی هیستامین ها و داروهای ضد احتقان یا داروهایی برای پاک کردن مخاط ممکن است تجویز شود.
ایمنوتراپی : اگر فرزند شما حساسیت دارد، ایمنوتراپی ممکن است به کاهش واکنش او به آلرژن هایی مانند گرد و غبار کمک کند.
عمل جراحی : جراحی، گزینه ای برای سینوزیت مزمن است، اگرچه معمولا در کودکان انجام نمی شود.
مراقبت های پزشکی ممکن است شامل موارد زیر باشد :
مایعات : نوشیدن یک لیوان آب به ازای هر دو ساعت، رویکرد خوبی است. مصرف مایعات به رقیق شدن مخاط کمک می کنند و باعث می شوند تخلیه مخاط راحت تر صورت پذیرد. مایعات همچنین به جلوگیری از کم آبی بدن کمک می کنند.
شستشوی بینی یا سرم : این امر به مرطوب نگه داشتن سینوس ها و بینی کمک می کند. از پزشک خود بخواهید که دستورالعمل را به شما ارائه دهد.
کمپرس گرم : قرار دادن حوله گرم و مرطوب روی بینی، گونه ها و چشم های کودک، به تسکین درد صورت کمک می کند.
عوارض احتمالی سینوزیت در کودکان
سینوزیت حاد می تواند منجر به عفونت مغزی شود اما بسیار نادر است.
جلوگیری از ابتلا به سینوزیت در کودکان
مواردی وجود دارد که می تواند به کودک شما کمک کند تا از سینوزیت در امان باشد. آنها شامل موارد زیر هستند :
- از فرزندتان بخواهید به صورت مرتبط از اسپری های مرطوب کننده استفاده کند.
- از یک دستگاه مرطوب کننده در محیط های داخلی استفاده کنید.
- کودک خود را از دود سیگار دور نگه دارید.
- کودک خود را از مواردی که باعث عود آلرژی می شود دور نگه دارید.
- از وارد کردن آب به سینوس ها خودداری کنید. به عنوان مثال، کودک شما نباید به داخل آب بپرد.
- استفاده از استخرهای کلر دار را محدود کنید. کلر می تواند بینی و سینوس ها را تحریک کند.
- برنامه واکسیناسیون را به طور کامل اجرا کنید.
- از تماس نزدیک با افرادی که سرما خورده اند یا به عفونت دستگاه تنفسی فوقانی مبتلا هستند خودداری کنید.
منبع : stanfordchildrens.org | ترجمه اختصاصی کافه پزشکیNew LGBT-specific history lessons planned for L.A. County schools
In the first minutes of 1967, as singers performed “Auld Lang Syne” in the Black Cat bar on Sunset Boulevard in Silver Lake, gay men exchanged New Year’s kisses and embraced.
The raid, beatings and arrests of more than a dozen patrons by plainclothed Los Angeles police officers who had positioned themselves in the crowd that night -- and the subsequent protests outside the bar -- would become monumental in the gay rights movement in Los Angeles, predating the Stonewall riots in New York City by two years.
The Black Cat raid, protests and other events in gay, lesbian, bisexual and transgender history will be included in new lesson plans to be integrated into history curriculum at Los Angeles County high schools in the coming months, according to Project SPIN, a partnership between the L.A. Gay & Lesbian Center and Los Angeles Unified School District.
In 2011, state legislators passed a controversial first-in-the-nation law requiring California public schools to teach students about the contributions of LGBT Americans in state and U.S. history.
So controversial was the law that some parents across the state quickly pulled their children out of public schools.
School districts have had little help in creating lessons and providing sensitivity training, said Jamie Scot, project manager at ONE National Gay & Lesbian Archives at USC, which has partnered with Project SPIN to create the history curriculum and lesson plans for county schools.
The ONE Archives, one of the world’s largest research libraries on LGBT history, will provide historical artifacts and resources for the curriculum, which its creators hope to debut in L.A. County high schools by early next year, Scot said.
Project SPIN and the ONE Archives hired researchers to develop the curriculum and will be training teachers on how to implement the material into their current lesson plans, Scot said. The curriculum will be focused on modern-day history, from 1940 to the present, she said, and will be for high school students only.
“We don’t want to interrupt what they’re already doing,” Scot said. “We want them to be able to fold it in so it’s seamless, so it’s not like, ‘Today, here’s gay history day.’”
Scot said she hopes the lesson plans will help LGBT students to see that gay people are important and that their history should be reflected in the classroom. For too long, she said, people have mistakenly conflated the history of gay people with sex.
“As it gets normalized and taught and generations go through the system, this becomes almost like permission for kids to take it as something that’s meaningful and take some of the stigma away from it,” she said.
The curriculum will be provided to the schools free of charge, said Sara Train, coordinator of the Project SPIN program. The L.A. Gay & Lesbian Center has provided the funds to create the curriculum, Train said.
The new curriculum is “truly groundbreaking,” Judy Chiasson, coordinator for human relations, diversity and equity for LAUSD, said in a statement.
“It’s empowering for all students to see themselves, their families and their community reflected in the curriculum,” Chiasson said.
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You may occasionally receive promotional content from the Los Angeles Times.旧，是个哀伤的字。正如它的结构——一日被一墙阻隔，我的记忆被时光阻隔，它徒留下幻影，昔日已是可望而不可及的了。“旧”于是危险，因为我无法判断它是否真实。纪伯伦说：“诗人用云雾塑成形象，他也是废墟中捏弄残灰的王。
”云雾与残灰，区别于何方?书与旧是同一的——书承载着旧的重量，旧编织了书的涵养。曾经听人说起他最爱的书，我便在脑隙中搜寻我的最爱——是柏氏的《理想国》，还是尼采的《查氏如是说》?是托氏的《魔戒》，还是疯叔叔的《麦田里的守望者》?我费尽心机地拿它们来比较，落得一场空。用哪种度量衡评判?一千种眼光有一千种哈姆莱特，我不忍心为一枝独秀的奇葩而放弃九百九十九朵
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2 | 5 | 3 |
participants from Mexico communities. The sum of species was not significantly different between communities in the Yaqui Valley, but it was significantly different between the communities in Hermosillo (p < 0.001). There were no differences in levels of DMA/MMA or % MMA by community.
|Table 5. Urinary Arsenic Concentration Adjusted for Specific Gravity among BAsES Participants by Recruitment Site.|
|Ajo||New River||San Manuel||Tucson||Community 1||Community 2||Guadalupe Victoria||Tobarito|
|Participants ( n)||31||71||48||68||54||54||52||87|
|Total As (µg/L)|
|Mean (s.d.)||35.3 (27.2)||121.7 (221.4)||42.2 (19.6)||47.7 (94.0)||61.6 (43.3)||110.0 (89.9)||119.3 (131.8)||93.0 (108.7)|
|Inorganic As (µg/L)|
|Mean (s.d.)||2.9 (3.6)||10.2 (28.5)||2.3 (2.9)||1.9 (3.0)||3.5 (3.1)||7.4 (5.6)||6.7 (4.4)||5.7 (5.8)|
|Sum of Species (µg/L)|
|Mean (s.d.)||8.6 (4.2)||39.9 (104.2)||8.1 (5.4)||7.7 (7.0)||13.5 (6.9)||26.1 (25.0)||21.9 (11.4)||21.3 (15.8)|
|Mean (s.d.)||7.1 (4.3)||7.2 (4.2)||7.8 (4.2)||7.6 (3.8)||7.6 (4.5)||8.2 (5.3)||7.8 (4.1)||7.8 (4.5)|
|Mean (s.d.)||12.1 (4.8)||12.8 (4.8)||11.6 (4.6)||11.8 (3.9)||11.9 (3.9)||11.1 (4.1)||11.2 (3.8)||11.4 (3.5)|
s.d. = standard deviation; inorganic As = As3 + As5; Sum of Species = As3 + As5 + MMA + DMA; Percent MMA = (MMA/Sum of Species)*100.
3.5. Associations Between Arsenic Exposure and Urinary Arsenic Concentrations
Table 6 presents results of ten random effect models evaluating the association between concentrations of urinary as species and estimated As exposure from water and other beverages. The estimated arsenic intake from water consumption had a statistically significant association with each of the five urinary As variables. Due to the independent and dependent variables being log transformed, inferences of the model estimates come from the interpretations found in Regression Methods in Biostatistics . We can infer from model 1 that there is a 7% increase in total urinary arsenic for a 1% increase in arsenic consumption from water (p < 0.001), from model 2 that there is a 12% increase in urinary inorganic arsenic for a 1% increase in arsenic consumption from water (p < 0.001), and from model 3 that there is a 9.8% increase in urinary sum of species for a 1% increase in arsenic consumption from water. In contrast, no statistically significant association was found between estimated arsenic intake from all beverages and either urinary DMA/MMA ratio or urinary percent MMA. A significant association was found between estimated arsenic intake from all beverages with urinary total As, inorganic As, and sum of species.
|Table 6. Random Effect Models Depicting the Association between Urinary Metabolite Concentrations and Arsenic Consumed from Drinking Water and Beverages *.|
|Dependent variable||Estimate of Log As consumed from water ± s.e.||p-value|
|Model 1: Urinary Log (Total As)||0.074 ± 0.020||<0.001|
|Model 2: Urinary Log (Inorganic As)||0.123 ± 0.022||<0.001|
|Model 3: Urinary Log (Sum of Species)||0.098 ± 0.021||<0.001|
|Model 4: Urinary Log (DMA/MMA ratio)||−0.032 ± 0.012||0.007|
|Model 5: Urinary (Percent MMA)||0.252 ± 0.103||0.016|
|Estimate of Log As consumed from all beverages ± s.e.||p-value|
|Model 6: Urinary Log (Total As)||0.143 ± 0.032||<0.001|
|Model 7: Urinary Log (Inorganic As)||0.234 ± 0.036||<0.001|
|Model 8: Urinary Log (Sum of Species)||0.203 ± 0.034||<0.001|
|Model 9: Urinary Log (DMA/MMA ratio)||−0.029 ± 0.019||0.130|
|Model 10: Urinary (Percent MMA)||0.214 ± 0.170||0.213|
* The random effect was the variable household nested within study site. Adjusted for age, gender, current smoking status, and ethnicity; s.e. = standard error; inorganic As = As3 + As5; Sum of Species = As3 + As5 + MMA + DMA; Percent MMA = (MMA/Sum of Species)*100.
This paper describes the relationship between urinary arsenic concentrations and estimated arsenic intake from beverages from a cross-sectional survey of community-based residents living in southern Arizona and northern Mexico. Residents from the rural communities in Yaqui Valley and rural areas in Arizona were more likely to participate than residents living in urban areas, and household response rates were greater in Mexico than in Arizona. Anecdotally, participants from Mexico liked the attention received from a study conducted by the local university.
Strikingly, the estimated volume of all beverages consumed among participants from Arizona was nearly four times greater than the amount consumed by participants in Mexico. This difference reflected either reduced consumption of beverages by Mexican participants compared to Arizona participants (0.75 L vs. 2.9 L), a misrepresentation of the amount of beverages consumed by Mexicans, or over reporting of beverages consumed by Arizona participants. A reported water volume that was incorrect would alter the estimated arsenic level consumed from water for the day.
The median volume of water consumed by participants from Arizona (1.4 L/day) is similar to the reported consumption noted in the literature . The largest database containing water consumption comes from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 1999 to 2001 . Nearly 88% of participants reported drinking an average amount of 1.53 L/day, while 12% drank no water . In a pilot study in Canada, researchers found that 56% of the population drank bottled or filtered water the previous day with an overall water consumption rate of 1.6 L/day .
Median estimated arsenic intake from water in Arizona communities ranged from 1.7 to 14.1 µg/day compared to 0.6 to 3.4 µg/day in Mexico communities. In contrast to the estimated exposures, the median urinary inorganic arsenic concentration was lowest among participants from Tucson 1.2 (µg/L) and highest among participants from Hermosillo (6.2 µg/L). Median urinary total arsenic concentration was lowest in Tucson participants (25.4 µg/L) and highest among Yaqui Valley participants (94.3 µg/L). The discrepancy between urinary inorganic arsenic concentration and total arsenic concentration among participants could potentially be due to the ingestion of organic forms of arsenic.
Table 4 shows the median arsenic concentration of the drinking water coming into the home and is similar among several of the study sites. If the median volume of water consumed for the day was similar among participants from each study site, then we would expect the intake of arsenic from water between the study sites to be similar. However, we find that the estimated arsenic intake from water is lower among several of the communities in Mexico. It is possible that the total water intake from Mexico participants is underestimated thus resulting in an underestimate of total arsenic intake. Further analysis into reporting of intake volumes of water and beverages is under review.
Strengths of this study include the use of standardized methodologies for sample collection, administration of questionnaires, and data entry. A centralized laboratory was used to analyze urine and water samples from participants as well as centralized analysis of the 24 h dietary recalls.
Limitations in this study include potential selection bias. Participants were mostly female. This could be addressed in future studies conducted in Mexico by recruiting during the evening and on weekends. Other demographic characteristics in the U.S. such as age, ethnicity and race were comparable to percentages found in the Arizona census.
An additional limitation is that studies reporting arsenic concentrations in foods and beverages have primarily been conducted among products sold in the United States. In this analysis, the arsenic concentration in beverages are coming from the paper by Schoof et al. These data sources are limited by the types of foods and beverages being analyzed as well as the quantity being analyzed. A single arsenic concentration for one product is being applied to a wide array of beverages. Furthermore, these databases may not represent the food products in subregions of the U.S. or outside the U.S. Few data are available on the concentration of arsenic in beverages sold in Mexico which may resulted in an over or under estimation of the arsenic concentration among beverages consumed by Mexican participants.
Furthermore, in this analysis it was assumed that the arsenic concentrations in urine were attributed to the water and beverages consumed the previous day. Urine was collected on the day of the interview and given the study resources and known recall bias we could only collect a dietary recall for the day prior the interview. It has been reported that people may be able to recall the preceding 24 h of food and beverage consumption with interviewer prompts . It is difficult for people to recall amounts ingested for 2–3 days. Using a prospective design, investigators could monitor food and beverage consumption for 2–3 days prior to collection of the urine sample.
Reported water consumption for the day was missing from 28% of the 24 h dietary recalls. This was due to the interviewers not prompting for water consumption during the interview. We also used qualitative terms in this study to identify amount of water consumed per source based on the total intake of water from the 24 h dietary recall. The Arizona Diet, Behavior and Quality of Life Assessment Lab suggested a conservative scoring system to assign volumes to each water source using a 1 point difference to separate frequent, moderate, and rare consumption. By using a conservative scoring system we avoided over estimating arsenic consumption from water intake. Future studies exploring contaminants in drinking and cooking water via a 24 h dietary recall should specifically ask participants about the volume of water consumed per source avoiding the need to estimate the volume.
Communities in BAsES were in part selected for their groundwater arsenic concentration so that there would be communities with a higher or lower arsenic concentration in the household tap water. The two communities selected in Hermosillo display this relationship. One community had a median tap water arsenic concentration of 26.3 µg/L while the other was at 9.0 µg/L. This contrast was not seen in the two communities of the Yaqui Valley. In Tobarito, the community water source was unavailable and residents retrieved their water in bottles from a well in a nearby community. This change in water source was unknown until after the study had been completed. As a result, fewer people were exposed to elevated concentrations of arsenic via drinking water in the Yaqui Valley.
The statistical model used in this analysis was based on a strategy to describe the association between estimated arsenic intake from water and arsenic output in urine. Among participants in the U.S., the greatest urinary arsenic concentrations were seen in geographic locations with the greatest concentration of arsenic in the drinking water. However; among the participants from Mexico, elevated urinary arsenic levels were present among individuals consuming lower concentrations of arsenic in the drinking water at home. It may be that the arsenic presenting in the urine was consumed from water sources with arsenic concentrations different from arsenic concentrations in water sources from the home or from food. Analysis are ongoing to develop predictive models that include a detailed examination of the potential impact of beverages and other food items reported in the 24 h dietary recall in the prediction of urinary arsenic concentration. Furthermore, studies should be undertaken to examine beverage consumption patterns among the various ethnicities and the role other metals (e.g., selenium or cadmium) may have on the impact of As metabolism.
BAsES enhanced a binational collaboration between universities in Mexico and the U.S., built research capacity, and enabled collaborations in a region experiencing rapid changes, within the same desert environment. Standardized questionnaires and recruitment methods were utilized among all recruitment sites. A standardized and common laboratory for testing total, organic, and inorganic As was utilized. Estimated arsenic concentrations consumed from water and other beverages were found to be greater among Arizonans, yet participants in Mexico had greater urinary inorganic arsenic concentrations.
Support for this research was provided by The University of Arizona Specialized Program of Research Excellence in GI Cancer (NIH/NCI CA95060). The Analytical Section of the Hazard Identification Core was supported by the Superfund Basic Research Program Grant from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences.
Conflict of Interest
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
- ATDSR Toxic substance—Arsenic. Available online: http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/substances/arsenic/index.html (accessed on 13 October 2011).
- ATDSR Top 20 Hazerdous Substances: ATDSR/EPA Prioity List for 1997. Available online: http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/cxcx3.html (accessed on 13 October 2011).
- IARC Arsenic and arsenic compunds. Available online: http://www.inchem.org/documents/iarc/suppl7/arsenic.html (accessed on 13 October 2011).
- Bates, M.N.; Smith, A.H.; Cantor, K.P. Case-control study of bladder cancer and arsenic in drinking water. Am. J. Epidemiol. 1995, 141, 523–530. 7900719
- Goering, P.L.; Aposhian, H.V.; Mass, M.J.; Cebrian, M.; Beck, B.D.; Waalkes, M.P. The enigma of arsenic carcinogenesis: role of metabolism. Toxicol. Sci. 1999, 49, 5–14, doi:10.1093/toxsci/49.1.5. 10367337
- Smith, A.H.; Hopenhayn-Rich, C.; Bates, M.N.; Goeden, H.M.; Hertz-Picciotto, I.; Duggan, H.M.; Wood, R.; Kosnett, M.J.; Smith, M.T. Cancer risks from arsenic in drinking water. Environ. Health Perspect. 1992, 97, 259–267, doi:10.1289/ehp.9297259. 1396465
- Ahsan, H.; Chen, Y.; Kibriya, M.G.; Slavkovich, V.; Parvez, F.; Jasmine, F.; Gamble, M.V.; Graziano, J.H. Arsenic metabolism, genetic susceptibility, and risk of premalignant skin lesions in Bangladesh. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. 2007, 16, 1270–1278, doi:10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-06-0676. 17548696
- Christian, W.J.; Hopenhayn, C.; Centeno, J.A.; Todorov, T. Distribution of urinary selenium and arsenic among pregnant women exposed to arsenic in drinking water. Environ. Res. 2006, 100, 115–122, doi:10.1016/j.envres.2005.03.009. 16337848
- Guha Mazumder, D.N.; Haque, R.; Ghosh, N.; De, B.K.; Santra, A.; Chakraborty, D.; Smith, A.H. Arsenic levels in drinking water and the prevalence of skin lesions in West Bengal, India. Int. J. Epidemiol. 1998, 27, 871–877, doi:10.1093/ije/27.5.871. 9839746
- Hopenhayn-Rich, C.; Biggs, M.L.; Smith, A.H.; Kalman, D.A.; Moore, L.E. Methylation study of a population environmentally exposed to arsenic in drinking water. Environ. Health Perspect. 1996, 104, 620–628, doi:10.1289/ehp.96104620. 8793350
- Meliker, J.R.; Franzblau, A.; Slotnick, M.J.; Nriagu, J.O. Major contributors to inorganic arsenic intake in southeastern Michigan. Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health 2006, 209, 399–411, doi:10.1016/j.ijheh.2006.03.006. 16731038
- Xue, J.; Zartarian, V.; Wang, S.W.; Liu, S.V.; Georgopoulos, P. Probabilistic Modeling of Dietary Arsenic Exposure and Dose and Evaluation with 2003-2004 NHANES Data. Environ. Health Perspect. 2010,
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-sci books include Becoming Batman: The Possibility of a Superhero (2008), Inventing Iron Man: The Possibility of a Human Machine (2011), and the forthcoming The Superhero Project: The Diary of a Teen Superhero (2014).
Zehr won the 2012 Craigdarroch Award for Research Communications at UVic. He is a regular speaker at conferences and comic book conventions including San Diego International Comic Con and New York Comic Con and has presented to the Academy of Motion Pictures Arts and Sciences on the science of superheroes. Paul blogs at Psychology Today in "Black Belt Brain" and guest blogs at Scientific American.Segnalato da il
Fonte https://massimilianoamatoblog.wordpress.com. Formula 1 su Pinterest
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Martedì 25 Giugno 2019, Lewis Hamilton nello scorso week end, a Le Castellet con la quarta vittoria consecutiva, ha messo le mani sul sesto titolo mondiale. Infatti Bottas non sembra più in grado, di contrastare il compagno di squadra che dalle Q3 in poi, è stato imbattibile dominando pole e gara. Si candida ad essere, un rivale di Hamilton nei prossimi Gran Premi e anni Leclerc, che ha interrotto la striscia negativa in qualifica nei confronti di uno spento Vettel, ed è arrivato ad un passo dal secondo posto. Si è potuto solo difendere Verstappen, a causa di una Red Bull non competitiva su questa pista, come l'anno scorso. La sorpresa della Francia è stata la Mclaren, sempre più quarta forza del campionato.
altri commenti: "Formula 1":
Opinioni su "Formula 1 Ultime Notizie"Şampiyonlar Ligi çeyrek final ilk maçında, sahasında Manchester City'yi 1-0 yenen Tottenham'da Harry Kane şoku yaşanıyor. Tottenham, Kane'den sezon sonuna kadar yararlanamayabilir.
İngiliz golcü, ikinci yarıda Fabian Delph'in müdahelesiyle sol bileğinden sakatlandı ve oyunu terk etti.
Tottenham Teknik Direktörü Mauricio Pochettino, Harry Kane'in durumuyla ilgili "Bileği burkuldu. Aslında çok önemli bir sakatlık değil ama iyileşmesi için yeterli zaman yok. Belki de sezonun kalanında ondan faydalanamayacağız. Bizim için endişe verici" dedi.
Harry Kane; Premier League ve Şampiyonlar Ligi'nde bu sezon attığı 22 golle takımın gol yükünü sırtlıyor.By B. J. Barkers
In the month of December, 1540, De Soto entered the State of Mississippi, somewhere near the site of the present city of Columbus. For about five months he wandered through the wild woods of Mississippi, when he left the State to cross the mighty river, near where Memphis now stands.
It is an historical fact that several priests, secular and regular, accompanied the army of De Soto. They acted as chaplains to the soldiers, but their great number shows that it was their intention also to preach the Gospel to the natives. Did they hold Catholic services in the present State of Mississippi? Nobody can reasonably doubt, that already in 1540 mass was said on the soil of our State. We know the name of only one of those priests, Rev. John de Galleyas. Very likely they all perished while on that unfortunate and luckless expedition.
For more than a hundred years the Catholic church made no effort to reach this territory again and preach the Gospel to the Indians. In 1673 the Catholic priest again is seen in Mississippi; the famous Father Marquette came down from the Great Lakes and explored the Mississippi river as far down as the Arkansas river. But his voyage was more a trip of discovery and preparation; it is not likely that he made any serious effort to communicate with the Indian tribes of this State.
After the return of Father Marquette to Canada the Bishop of Quebec and many zealous priests were certainly anxious to reach the newly discovered regions and preach Christianity to those pagan nations. But the diocese of Quebec extended from Canada way down to the mouth of the Mississippi. Millions of pagans inhabited that territory. In Canada the missionaries were at work already; also in the territory north of the Ohio river. It is no wonder that after only twenty-five years, in 1698, the Bishop succeeded in making arrangements to evangelize the southern part of the Mississippi valley.
At that time the seminary of foreign missions at Paris in France had established a branch in Quebec, in order to train missionaries for the New World.
By letters of July 14, 1698, Bishop Saint Vallier entrusted the new southern missions to the priests of this seminary. Father Francis Jolliet de Montigny was appointed superior. Revs. Anthony Davion and Francis Buisson de Saint Cosme were his companions.
Father Montigny settled among the Taensas, a tribe allied to the Natchez. During the first year he baptized 85 children. Later he resided among the Natchez Indians, but attended still to the Taensas.
Father Davion built his chapel in the extreme southern part of our State, in what is now known as Wilkinson county. The spot where he settled now bears the name of Fort Adams. On a high rock he planted a cross; this rock was later called Loftus’ Height, but went for a long time by the name of Davion’s Rock. This father visited also the Yazoo Indians.
Father Saint Cosme began a mission at Tamarois. Later he took Father Montigny’s place among the Natchez.
As was to be expected, those priests suffered at first terribly with fever; but they did not abandon their charges. The following year their number was increased by the arrival of Revs. Berzier Bouteville and Saint Cosme, a younger brother of the Father Saint Cosme mentioned above.
In 1699 the French took possession of another point of Mississippi. On the shore of Biloxi Bay, near to where Ocean Springs is situated, a fort was built by them. Rev. Father Bordenave was the chaplain of the garrison; according to the testimony of the military commander his life was exemplary; every day he said mass for the French settlers and was untiring in his zeal for the salvation of their souls. But we do not read that he attempted the conversion of the Indians.
The year 1702 witnessed the first massacre of a Catholic priest on the soil of Mississippi. Father Nic. Foncault, of the seminary of foreign missions, had been laboring for two years among the Arkansas Indians. He set out on a trip to Mobile with his servant and two Frenchmen. But they were all murdered by their Indian guides; robbery was the incentive of the assassination. Father Davion, coming up the river, discovered their remains on the bank, and gave them Christian burial. The place of interment is not known.
Five years later the mission lost again two priests. Father Saint Cosme, the elder, who had worked so faithfully among the Natchez, was forced by sickness to go to Mobile. While sleeping one night on the banks of the river, he was foully murdered by the Sitimachas, near the present site of Donaldsonville. The very Rev. Father Berzier started about the same time for Mobile from his Tamarois mission. He reached that point safely, and brought the sad news of the death of Father Saint Cosme. He returned to his missions, but soon after that he fell sick and died on November 9, 1707.
In 1708 Father Davion was, at the instigation of the English, so harassed by hostile Indians, that he was forced to leave his mission in Mississippi. He went to Mobile.
The difficulties in the Mississippi mission were great, and the laborers few; the work of the Quebec priests had produced but little result. An effort was made to revive the missions. The seminary of foreign missions at Paris selected the Rev. Dominic Mary Varlet, a very able and energetic man, to make a visitation of all those missions. He began his visitation at Quebec, where the Bishop appointed him his vicar-general with full powers. He spent six years in the missions, and returned to France in 1717. But history does not mention the good his visitation did to the missions.
But soon a change would take place in the management of the missions. The Duke of Orleans, regent of France for King Louis XV., who was not of age yet, gave letters patent to a trading company called “The Company of the West,” of which the notorious John Law was the head, at least for a few years. In article 53 of the contract the company obligated itself “to build at its expense churches at the places where settlements were formed to maintain there the necessary number of approved ecclesiastics, in order to preach the holy Gospel there, perform divine service and administer the sacraments.” In 1722 the company took up the matter. The year before the Jesuit Father Charlevoix had traveled through the French colonies in North America (he officiated also at Natchez) and after his return in France had told of the great spiritual destitution of the colony. In consequence of his report the following measures were taken by the company: The Jesuit fathers and the priests of the seminary of foreign missions would withdraw from the southern part of the Mississippi valley and confine their labors to the territory north of the Ohio. The Bishop of Quebec would remain the Bishop of the entire French colony, but would be given a coadjutor bishop, who, as vicar-general of the diocese of Quebec, would take special care of the extreme southern missions. Rev. Louis Francis Duplessis de Mornay, a Capuchin monk, was appointed coadjutor bishop of Quebec, and he invited the Capuchin fathers of the Province of Champagne in France to take charge of the missions of Louisiana, of which Mississippi formed a part. They accepted, and some Capuchin fathers arrived in Louisiana; but their number was small, and soon they found out that they did not have a sufficient number of subjects to take proper care of the missions. The company made a new arrangement: The Capuchin fathers would take charge only of the French settlements, and Jesuit fathers from France would be entrusted with the missions among the Indians.
As far as Mississippi is concerned the following appointments were made:
The Capuchin Father Philibert was assigned to duty at Natchez.
The Jesuit fathers were sent to the Indian missions: Father Matturin le Petit to the Choctaws; Father Souel to the Yazoos; Father Bandouin to the Chickasaws. Later Father le Petit was recalled to New Orleans, and Father Baudouin took his place among the Choctaws, where he labored for 18 years, assisted for some time by Father Lefevre.
Those fathers worked very zealously in their different missions. A naval officer of this period says of them:
“I cannot help doing the justice due to the Jesuit fathers in regard to their missions. Nothing is more edifying for religion than their conduct and the unwearied zeal with which they labor for the conversion of these nations. Picture to yourself a Jesuit, four hundred leagues away in the woods, with no conveniences, no provisions, and most frequently with no resource but the liberality of people who know not God, compelled to live like them, to pass whole years without receiving any tidings, with savages who have only the countenance of human beings, among whom, instead of finding society or relief in sickness, he is only exposed to perish and be massacred. This is done daily by these Fathers in Louisiana and Canada.”
In the year 1729 a great calamity happened to the missions. The French commander at Fort Rosalie (Natchez) did not treat the Natchez Indians fairly. They became dissatisfied and angry and entered into a conspiracy with the Yazoo Indians to exterminate all the French in the country. On the 26th of November the horrible massacre of Fort Rosalie took place; all the men, soldiers and settlers, were killed, the women and children carried off in captivity. The priest Father Philibert happened to be away from home. But the Jesuit Father du Poisson was stopping at Natchez; he was on his way from his mission in Arkansas to New Orleans. On Sunday he said mass for the Natchez people and preached to them. He was prevailed on to stay a day longer, because some Catholic was in danger of dying. On Monday after mass he started out for the house of the sick person, to give him the last sacraments. On the way he was assaulted by a powerful Indian, hurled to the ground, and his head was severed from his body.
The Yazoo Indians did their part. On December 11 Father Seoul came home from some trip. The Indians ambushed themselves, and when he appeared riddled his body with bullets, killing him on the spot. The following day they surprised and massacred the garrison of the French post. Another priest, Father Doutrelou, was shot at by the Yazoos and severely wounded, but he made his escape.
This insurrection was of course followed by wars between the whites and Indians. The Natchez tribe was punished and exterminated. In 1736 an expedition against the Chickasaws was set on foot. French divisions would march from north and south and after meeting attack the Chickasaws. The arrangement miscarried. The northern division tried by itself to fight the whole force of the Chickasaws; they lost the battle and were annihilated.
Father Lenat, a Jesuit, accompanied the army as chaplain. He could have escaped, but the commander and other officers had been taken prisoners, and he would not abandon them in their last hour. He remained to give them his spiritual assistance in their agony, and he perished with them at the stake. This probably happened in what is now Lee county.
But the misfortunes of the missions were not yet at an end. In 1763 they received another terrible blow. In France itself the government was in the hands of men, Catholics in name, but Voltaireans and infidels at heart. They began to persecute the Catholic church, and as usual, the Jesuit fathers were the first victims. Their order was suppressed in 1761. Two years later the supreme council of the province of Louisiana thought they had to follow the example given in France: All the Jesuit missionaries were hunted down, carried to New Orleans as criminals and shipped to France. All their churches and chapels were leveled to the ground, and of course all that was valuable in church or house was confiscated. And the missions were left bereft of their zealous shepherds.
In the meantime war had been going on between England and France. France lost all her colonies in North America, New Orleans and surrounding territory excepted. Mississippi was now a part of the English province of West Florida, and the missions, tried already so sorely, had no chance of being revived under the rule of that nation, who still enforced the penal laws against Catholics in the old country. By special treaty France ceded New Orleans to Spain.
During the glorious war of the thirteen American colonies against England, France materially assisted the Americans in their struggle for liberty. For this reason England declared war against France; and Spain, wanting to assist France, declared war against England. At that time Bernardo de Galvez was Governor of New Orleans, and began to fight England in the West Florida province. His success was complete; in 1781 the English commander surrendered the whole province to Spain. After peace was concluded though, the United States claimed the province as territory ceded by England to them. In 1795, October 27, by treaty between the United States and Spain, the province of West Florida, and with it Mississippi, became a part of the Union.
As might be expected, as soon as Spain had conquered West Florida, measures were taken to reestablish the Catholic religion, though the government granted liberty of conscience. Claiborne states:
“There was in fact more toleration and freedom for Protestantism in the Natchez district, than for Catholics and dissenters either in Old or New England.”
The Bishop of Salamanca was instructed to send missionaries to the new colony. Four Irish priests were selected for the work: Revs. Wm. Savage, Gregory White, Constantine McKenna and Michael Lamport. They arrived in Natchez before 1790, but when the province was ceded to the United States they returned to Spain; and once more the Catholic church in Mississippi was left without priests.
This brings us to the end of the colonial times. For nearly a century missionaries had labored in Mississippi, and, it is sad to say, nothing had been accomplished. The reasons for this failure are many.
The instruction and conversion of Indians are difficult tasks, even under favorable circumstances. But during all that time the country was continually in an unsettled condition. Three European powers, England, France and Spain, were always fighting to get the mastery in the American colonies. They sought and obtained the help of the different Indian tribes, and were the cause of fierce quarrels and petty wars among the natives. Moreover, France, especially, followed the rule that anything was good enough for the Louisiana colony. Soldiers were needed, settlers wanted, but inmates of workhouses, criminals, worthless women, all who were low and vicious, were shipped to the colonies; those people remained in the colonies what they had been in France, and by their wicked and vicious lives undid all the work the missionaries had accomplished. Another cause of failure was this: The southern part of the French colonies always was under the jurisdiction of a Bishop living thousands of miles away. Nobody is to blame if these missions were more or less neglected, and the few scattered missionaries had not the proper moral support of the church authorities. All those things taken together made the work of the missionaries a failure. But if we cannot exult on account of great successes, we certainly are bound to admire those devoted men who, for a hundred years, kept up a heroic and hopeless struggle to establish Christianity in our State.
Back to: Mississippi History07/03/2022 11:21
E se non fosse Scamacca il nuovo attaccante dell'Inter per la prossima stagione? Il bomber del Sassuolo piace sempre ma secondo fonti spagnole i nerazzurri avrebbero messo nel mirino Luis Suarez, l'attaccante uruguayano che voleva la Juventus e che scatenò un caos infinito con lo scandalo dell'esame di italiano a Perugia truccato per ottenere il passaporto da comunitario e consentire il suo tesseramento con i bianconeri (che poi virarono su Morata).
L'Inter non correrebbe rischi, libererebbe uno slot da extracomunitario senza problemi per prendere il Pistolero.
A scriverlo questa mattina è il quotidiano spagnolo Marca, secondo il quale i nerazzurri avrebbero già tentato un approccio con l'entourage dell'attaccante in scadenza di contratto a giugno e cui non sono arrivate notizie dall'Atletico Madrid relative a un rinnovo. Suarez vuole un club di livello per puntare ai Mondiali in Qatar e piace anche ad Ajax, Siviglia e a un club brasiliano. Il classe '87 in questa stagione ha realizzato finora 11 centri in 34 presenSupertotobet1112 Giriş
Uçuş denetim sisteminde meydana gelen arıza sebebiyle 346 kişinin ölümüne yol açan Boeing 737 MAX uçağı, tartışmaların eşiğinde uçuşlarına son ver
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Sea
- Trafalgar Bicentennial
- Mary Rose
- British Archaeology: The Mary Rose
- Detailed article about the raising of the Mary Rose and the artifacts found on board.
- HMS Victory
- HMS Warrior
- Gunwharf Quays
- Porters' Garden
- Royal Naval Base
- Other Portsmouth Attractions and Accommodations
Richard Crowhurst is a freelance writer and author based in Lincolshire,
England. He writes on many subjects, including history and heritage topics.
More details can be found on his websites, http://www.freelance-writer-and-author.co.uk and http://www.enagri.info.
Article and photos © 2005 Richard CrowhurstIn una posizione unica per prosperare nel nesso tra affari, governo e società, in Kogod crediamo che il business sia una forza per un cambiamento significativo. L'American University è riconosciuta per il suo forte impegno nel servizio pubblico, nell'istruzione interdisciplinare, nell'impegno internazionale e nella ricerca. Il campus universitario si trova in una zona residenziale nella parte nord-occidentale del Distretto di Columbia, a meno di un miglio dalla stazione della metropolitana di Tenleytown e vicino a numerose ambasciate, agenzie governative, agenzie internazionali, ONG, organizzazioni no-profit e aziende. La Kogod School of Business (Kogod) è stata fondata nel 1955.
Nel corso degli anni, Kogod ha sfruttato la solida reputazione dell'American University per offrire molte opportunità agli studenti interessati al collegamento tra affari privati e servizi pubblici, dando accesso a una varietà di organizzazioni nelle vicinanze. Nel 1979, la scuola prese il nome dall'alunno Robert P. Kogod, uno sviluppatore immobiliare di successo, in riconoscimento del suo generoso sostegno. David Marchick è decano di Kogod dall'agosto 2022.
Abbiamo l'accesso e le opportunità che non puoi ottenere da nessun'altra parte. La posizione di Kogod a Washington, DC e le connessioni in tutto il mondo ti consentono di avere accesso a opportunità personali e professionali che non troverai da nessun'altra parte. E con le nostre classi di piccole dimensioni, sarai in grado di creare relazioni significative con professori e colleghi che dureranno tutta la vita. Classificato al 16° posto da US News & World Report come i migliori programmi di laurea online nel 2021 e situato nel cuore di Washington, DC, ti consentiamo di realizzare le tue ambizioni attraverso programmi rigorosi ma flessibili insegnati online.The author _______________ has made this information available to the masses on the web. In the process, he hopes to expose a lot of the rubbish that passes for "manufacturing secrets" touted by various outfits currently advertising in trade magazines, papers and on the web. Almost as onerous is the knee-jerk reaction of some otherwise intelligent persons, when words like "mercury" and "cyanide" are mentioned in the context of mining (usually translated as "the raping of mother earth"). With a little common sense and attention to detail anyone can use chemicals to recover metals in complete safety. It is the de-mystification of some basic chemistry to which this area is dedicated.
Here is some info on The Basement aspects of Cyanide Extraction
If Cyanide scares you too bad, here is how you can do the same thing with halides
Ever have trouble using charged mercury? Hate paying for it? This will solve both problems.
Recognize and extract metals from ore using a few common techniques.
An overview of assaying and smelting techniques.
Advanced techniques of quantitative analysis.
How to determine the concentration of cyanide in solution
Common sense information and precautions on the use of acids and bases in mining.Recensioni dei clienti
Ho acquistato questo regalo per la fidanzata di mio figlio per Natale! Di tutti i suoi doni, adorava questo e diceva che era il suo preferito
Questo era il mio terzo e probabilmente ne avrò di più
Lo amo
Mia sorella adorava questo dono di sua nipote, era perfetto! Ha detto che è stato il miglior regalo che ha ricevuto! Grazie!
Ci è voluto un po 'più di tempo per consegnarlo, ma ne è valsa la pena aspettare! È esattamente come l'ho immaginato. Forse anche meglio!"ATILMAK İSTİYORSAN SÖYLE"
Fotomaç'ın haberine göre; Şenol Güneş, Oğuzhan Özyakup ve Anderson Talisca'nın yokluğunda Beşiktaş'ın beyni olmasını beklediği Tolgay Arslan'ın ilk yarının sonunda gördüğü sarı karta çıldırdı.
Şenol Güneş, Beşiktaş'ın yıldız orta saha oyuncusu Tolgay Arslan'a "Oyundan atılmak istiyorsan söyle ben seni alayım. Takımı 10 kişi bırakmaya çalışma" uyarısı yaptı.به گزارش خبرگوهردشت، احمد افضلی بعدازظهر دوشنبه در سومین جلسه راهبری کاهش تصادفات استان که با حضور اعضای جلسه در سالن شهدای البرز استانداری برگزار شد، اظهار داشت: این طرح با هدف انتظام بخشی به تردد وسایل نقلیه و کاهش ترافیک در هسته مرکزی شهر کرج با توجه به ایام پایانی سال که با حجم بالایی از ترددها مواجه هستیم، اجرا می شود.
وی افزود: در این راستا از شهروندان درخواست می کنیم ضمن همکاری با عوامل خدوم راهنمایی و رانندگی از تردد در محدوده های مشخص شده خودداری کنند.
افضلی در ادامه سخنان خود با اشاره به اینکه با اجرای این طرح حدود ۴۰ درصد از ترافیک شهر کرج کاهش خواهد یافت، خاطر نشان کرد: بر اساس آمار اعلام شده از سوی پلیس راهور، ۷۸ درصد از تصادفات جرحی و فوتی مربوط به عابرین پیاده است که باید به صورت جدی از سوی شهروندان مورد توجه قرار گرفته و همکاری لازم را با مسئولان ذیربط داشته باشند.
سرپرست معاونت هماهنگی امور عمرانی استانداری البرز همچنین از شهرداران شهرهای استان خواست نسبت به افزایش سطح ایمنی معابر و گذرگاه ها، نصب حفاظ و همچنین نصب دوربین ثبت تخلفات و پایش تصویر اقدام کنند.直达的火车或汽车的海内设法对付公司和发送公司在拉长说他们的投入结成。，投入者可以在香港建立互信关系公司开户。，用过的搞A50及宁静典型的拨号电话排列机。
一方面，中金公司、IC、IH和宁静典型的日常和约受最差仓库栈限度局限，它的日均或折转的急剧秋天。，响应的定位也显示了；在另一方面，a50类份持仓量和买卖量亲零。
了解内幕的人以为，海内术语是指义卖义卖的很好的东西约束谋略。，直达的火车或汽车的资产被用于选择下海运输零碎义卖，以目录其获益、策略排列和直达的火车或汽车的对冲不得不。
毕竟上，发送无论指投入者，或作为中间人的设法对付人和发送公司，海内A50投入的突发也很风趣。。
21世纪经济的记日志者多通路念书，直达的火车或汽车的海内设法对付公司和发送公司在拉长说他们的投入结成。，投入者可以在香港建立互信关系公司开户。，用过的搞A50及宁静典型的拨号电话排列机。但必然的在意的是，这种买卖关涉资金外流。，它也将被流形在一定打拍子所创作的天花板所约束。。
在中国大陆，林荫路的仓库栈限度局限定货单，海内股指发送和被信托者发票中间在前方受胎直言的的比力。。
以IH1512为例，基本原则通化顺的IFind唱片，现期为9月初，利米开仓。，其支付现款从4547裁短3780。，当今是时辰了。，这类买卖作战也已裁短凝固温度。，9单独月的时期的日均或折转的最好的1253手。，当今是八月。，它的日均或折转的仍亲3000人。。
相反，1512种典型的A50指数的，就在9月7日预先阻止。，它的定位至多最好的100只手。，海内术语是指9月7日，10手仓库栈，它的定位打破了200只手，在接下来的几天里，有超越250人遭受。。
毕竟上，份有量的拉长说也镜子在宁静典型的a50 da中。，譬如，10月23日的物种是9月23日。，其定位已跑到65503只手。，这相似的是前一天到晚的两倍。；到九单独月的时期还不敷。。
A50是指9单独月的时期的扩张起点。，或许这与羁留层在前方同意。
往年8月底至9月初，收监层先后裁短三大期指形容费套期保值持仓交往保释人和不日平仓交往的辅助费用，同时，身体的产额（非对冲）的一天到晚买卖量也曾被重行。
股指发送的净值利润率才能可能性助长义卖作战，但在限度局限记忆力以后的，你也可以把钱强行送到范围林荫路。。发送公司支撑部的主任，期限不只宣讲净值利润率，并且宣讲净值利润率。，很好的东西策略交流未必直言的。。”
毕竟上，前妻或前夫获益和策略资金表，有对冲不得不的直达的火车或汽车基金也可能性是A50的潜在投入者。。商品发送模仿的软件
不要驱逐多数机构持续在的过错，我们的耳闻了很多。。中部客人发送股指发送的发表，因并非极度的支付现款都有时期适用对冲行为准则，你多长时期会选择在if上准假单独空白列表？，但当今我们的死气沉沉的转向A50吧。。”
是时辰权衡了，A50很流传，A股风险对冲基金在许多义卖的表示，宁静可能性会被内心投入的对冲不得不所招引。。别的，这可能性有助于驱逐范围机构将。
表A50除外，有很多种可能性对冲A股风险。，譬如，美国和香港股市ETF基金的编号增加了。，衔接边疆股市的多空，也可以赞赏这些。。是你这么说的嘛！论述者指明：，设想这种产额的不得不响起，可能性会有更多类似的显示。。”
A50买卖作战下滑支持，直达的火车或汽车的中间人也发起了A50型资金的桥接。
这是在9月初中期，海内时期直达的火车或汽车。，有多名投入者向21世纪经济的报道记日志者反响曾收到过合身用过的有知识的香港券商解释停止日晷发送形容交往的荐举。
譬如，彭跃（别名），上海某大学将存入存款举行就职典礼系部件。，该公司的代劳投入者在持牌发送B开户。，促进发展A50触点。
彭跃说，A50海上以货换货挨次按填表格的挨次停止。、有验明令和开户三个行走。
“左右工艺过程和在港股开户相似的，客户不得不别的有知识的单独香港存款解释或中国存款解释存入保释人才行。彭跃漏出，投入者在经纪，建立互信关系公司在平日抵达客户，限度局限投入。
我们的是来要价客户相当Algostars盟员的。，赚得蜂窝式便携无线电话验明后，当事人可以共同的模仿的。。彭月说。
但必然的在意的是，A50阶段是指海内和F中间的必然的区分清单。，优美的的投入者关心也在区分。。据《21世纪经济的学》记日志者绍介，对开户测算表中投入者的直达的火车或汽车建立互信关系预订或保留，开户门槛仅为10000港元。。
在香港空旷存款解释，从香港开立存款检验，概略应在10000元再。，这张检验将在Veri以后的存入客户的使安全存款。。彭跃告知记日志者，这不属于开户门槛。，恰当的身份验证，经过香港建立互信关系买卖所停止公证或现场查核，心不在焉这一万元，就可以赚得。。”
开户后，除A50搭配表外，宁静商品发送和将存入存款发送典型也将相当投入。
彭跃将入学21世纪欧共体发送保证基金名单，A50的首期隔夜保释人是330金钱。，隔夜遭受是300金钱。；别的，也芝加哥。、除英国外的欧洲国家、香港、可以选择北越竹和宁静地方的发送。
不见，仍在停止中间的日志排列支撑将生计。基本原则作图，边疆住宿者身体的年平均汇率最好的50元。。
该定量思索了单位资金较大的音延指数的买卖。，包含不敷-进入a50的10金钱x下一个的面值，多达9月23日，海内发送买卖门槛书信单元A50参照1512的面值为10000金钱。。
但业内某些人以为，关闭具有对冲等成立不得不的投入者，眼前，该表的移转支撑零碎缺陷单独顺手的公关。。
稍微A50投入者是机构。，不只仅是身体的，但设想有对冲不得不，这些投入者也可以经过事情结算。、生活在地下的人排列体式的伎俩。在香港发觉附属组织的明显进入人，实则，实践不得缺陷在的。，诱惹一面之词，另一面之词天然地响起。，但当图像出当今，可以对其停止进入。，表格和移转的抑制也将完全地有尊荣。。”OSTUNI – La polizia sta cercando tre giovani che stamani poco dopo le 10 hanno rapinato il negozio Euroshop di via Saverio Nitti, nella zona di viale Pola. Due dei banditi – a volto coperto – sono entrati in azione irrompendo nel magazzino di articoli casalinghi, puntando le armi contro il proprietario e due sue dipendenti. Un terzo individuo è rimasto in attesa all’esterno a bordo di un’auto.Bir
Viyana’nın en önemli sanat mekânlarından Albertina, “Ways of Pointillism” (Noktacılık Yolları) sergisiyle Vincent Van Gogh, Seurat ve Signac başta olmak üzere ünlü ressamların eserleriyle noktacılık (puantilizm) akımının tarihinden bugüne gelişimi gözler önüne seren bir sergiye ev sahipliği yapıyor. 19. yüzyıl sonlarıyla 20. yüzyılın başlarında özellikle Fransız ressamlar tarafından kullanılan akıma ayrılan sergi, 8 Ocak 2017 tarihine kadar gezilebiliyor.Description: Slide of a pointed stone slab placed in the middle of an unkempt field of grass, amidst red and yellow flowers. An aged wooden fence can be seen in the back, creating a boundary between the stone and a larger field in the background. The slab bears an inscription just beneath a small relief of a five-pointed slab within a wreath. It reads: "Black's Fort - Built as a defense against the Indians in 1855 by William Black - 1815 - - 1907 - on land owned by him. In the stockade, constructed of cedar logs, sentries were kept on guard on moonlight nights * Guns and ammunition for public use were kept here * Abandoned in 1868."
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Partner: Burnet County Historical Commission为您讨论过滤器概述
* 来源: * 作者: * 发表时间: 2019/12/31 15:07:08 * 浏览: 0
为您谈论泵过滤器概述泵过滤器是一种将流体中的固体颗粒杂质分离出来，提高产品纯度，净化和气体净化并保护设备（压缩机，泵，表面等）安全运行的产品。水泵过滤器广泛用于工业水处理，市政水处理，甚至在游泳池，现象和家庭水处理的实际应用中。精密泵式过滤器旨在提高过滤精度，通常介于沙滤（粗滤）和超滤之间。在压力的作用下，原水通过过滤器元件，杂质被捕集在过滤器元件的壁上，水通过过滤器元件流出，然后达到过滤的目的。如今，中国的泵用过滤器设备制造商计划将重点放在中小企业上。该产品使用优质的不锈钢，硬质聚氯乙烯，工程塑料，有机玻璃和其他耐腐蚀材料作为外壳。在此期间，它主要由高质量的不锈钢制成，并内置有不同介质的过滤介质。内置的滤芯包括PE芯，蜂窝芯，折叠芯，钛管烧结芯，活性炭芯，陶瓷芯，聚丙烯纤维滤芯等。不同的滤芯具有不同的过滤效果，因此精密泵滤器可以去除悬浮物物质，水中的某些胶体物质和细颗粒根据原水的质量，废水的质量和水的量，从而达到不同的过滤精度。如今，市场上精密泵过滤器的精度范围从0.2到100um。泵过滤器通常安装在液压控制阀和其他设备的入口，以防止颗粒杂质进入通道，形成堵塞，从而导致阀门或其他设备出现故障并无法正常运行。它们是液压控制阀和易于堵塞的精密机械产品必需的过滤设备。Think Different…or Differently: It matters more than you think
Posted on May 22, 2010
Thinking Differently. Thinking Different. Thinking Differently
It seems like a small difference, but these phrases reflect much more than simply good or bad grammar. The difference between the two is the difference between freedom and bondage.
An adjective (different) describes a person place or thing. An adverb (differently) describes an action. To think different, implies a change in the content of our thoughts. The action would be described this
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گفتگو بابیان اینکه صخرهنوردی ورزش نوپایی در استان محسوب میشود، ابراز داشت: از سال گذشته سالن غدیر سمنان را تجهیز و دیواره صخرهنوردی را بهروز و چند دوره مسابقات کشوری در آنجا برگزار شد، با توجه به وضعیت خوبی که شاهرودازنظر رشد و توسعه ورزشهای کوهنوردی دارد سالن مدیرت بحران شهرداری این شهر نیز تجهیز شد.
فرزاد فتاحی ادامه داد: برای برگزاری مسابقات لازم بود دیواره ارتقا داده شود و آن را به مراحل بهتری برسانیم، این دیواره برای مسابقات نونهالان و نوجوانان مشکلی ندارد، برای استاندارد کردن دیواره ۵۰ میلیون تومان اعتبار نیاز استکه ۵۰ درصد آن را اداره ورزش و جوانان استان تقبل کرد و بخش دیگر باید از محل خیران یا دستگاههای اجرایی تأمین شود.
وی افزود: ورزشکاران استان سمنان اگر بتوانند در مسابقات کشوری رتبههای اول تا سوم را در آینده کسب کنند هزینه ساخت دیواره را بهصورت کامل پرداخت میکنیم که با این امر ورزشکاران برای ادامه فعالیت انگیزه بیشتری خواهند داشت و خدمتی نیز به اداره کل اضافه میشود.
گروه های کوهنوردی باید به سمت باشگاه شدن حرکت کنند
مدیرکل ورزش و جوانان استان سمنان بابیان اینکه برای ورزشهای مختلف اعتبار مشخص در نظر گرفته نمیشود، ابراز داشت:بر اساس برنامه هیئتها اعتبار به ورزش داده میشود بهعنوانمثال برای برگزاری این دوره از مسابقات بالغبر ۴۰ میلیون تومان هزینه شد و برای برنامههای قویتر اعتبارات بیشتری در اختیار هیئتها قرار خواهد گرفت.
فتاحی با بیان اینکهاحداث دیواره و تجهیزات بستگی به تعداد علاقهمندان و امکانات موجود دارد، ادامه داد:در کل استان سالن غدیر سمنان ظرفیت برگزاری مسابقات بزرگسالان و جوانان به دلیل ارتفاع زیاد را به خود اختصاص داده است لذا دیوارههای تمرینی در گرمسار و دامغان نیز هستند و تلاش داریم تا تجهیزات را در مهدیشهر و میامی بهروز کنیم
وی بابیان اینکه در بخش تخصصی عمده فعالیتها در شهرهای سمنان، شاهرود، دامغان و گرمسار انجام می شود، افزود: با توجه به استقبال کوهنوردان استان سمنان برای نصب دیواره کامل حدود ۱۰۰ الی ۱۵۰ میلیون تومان هزینه لازم است.
فتاحی تأکید کرد: گروههای کوهنوردی رسمی نداریم و باید از گروههای کوهنوردی به سمت ایجاد باشگاه حرکت کنیم در دو بخش کوهنوردی و کوهپیمایی امسال ۱۰ نفر از کوهنوردان به قله روسیه و خارج از کشور صعود کردند.
ایجاد دیواره سنگ نوردی در استان ها به این ورزش جانی تازه بخشید
سرپرست تیم اعزامی استان بوشهر در چهارمین دوره مسابقات سنگنوردی نونهالان کشور در گفتگو باخبرنگار مهر، ابراز داشت: الآن مدتها است فدراسیون کوهنوردی بر پایه ورزش سنگنوردی، فعالیت انجام میدهد و این باعث شد که رشته سنگنوردی در شهرستانها و استانها با هیجان خاص همراه باشد و استقبالکننده بسیاری را داشته باشد.
علی مرادی پور بیان داشت: با حمایتی که خانوادهها از هیئتهای کوهنوردی دارند برای توسعه زیرساختهای این رشته فدراسیون برنامهریزیهای خوبی را در دستور کار خود قرار داده است برگزاری مسابقات انگیزه به ورزشکار میدهد تا بتواند خود را در مقایسه با سایر هم سنهای خود تقویت کند.
سرپرست تیم کرمان نیز در گفتگو باخبرنگار مهرضمن بیان اینکه این دوره از مسابقات جذابیت دارد و در بین نونهالان انگیزه خاصی در بین آنها وجود دارد، ابراز داشت: استعدادهای آینده کشور در این مسابقات مشخص میشود، فدراسیون کوهنوردی فعالیت خوبی را شروع کرده واردوها و مسابقات مختلف برگزاری میکند.
علیرضا باقری ادامه داد: در دهه ۷۰ فدراسیون کوهنوردی به تمام مراکز استانها دیواره سنگنوردی حدود ۶۰ مترمربع داد که همین امر ایجاد انگیزه کرد تا سنگنوردی در کشور رونق و جانی تازه به خود اختصاص دهد با توجه به اینکه این ورزش هزینه بالایی دارد فدراسیون نمیتواند همه اینتجهیزات را در اختیار هیئتها قرار دهد بنابراین باید خانوادهها نیز همکاری کنند.
سالانه ۲۰ سالن در کشور به دیواره سنگ نوردی تجهیز می شود
مسئول کمیته بینالملل فدراسیون کوهنوردی هم در گفتگو باخبرنگار مهر، بزرگترین مشکل ورزش سنگنوردی را کمبود دیواره،اماکن ورزشی و فراهم نبودن زیرساختهای لازم برای برگزاری مسابقات بینالمللی در شهرستانها برشمرد و ابراز داشت: در دسترس نبودن خوابگاهها، نبود دیواره و سخت بودن دسترسی به امکانات لازم ازجمله مشکلاتی است که برگزاری مسابقات بینالمللی را در تهران نیز دچار چالش میکند لذا برای رفع این مشکلات سالانه بهطور متوسط ۱۵ الی ۲۰سالن در کشور برای برگزاری مسابقات سنگنوردی تجهیز میشود.
محمود هاشمی افزود: در تلاشیم تا سالانه میزبانیهای بیشتری را در سطح کشور داشته باشیم چراکه با این امر بهویژه در سن نونهالان و نوجوانان جایگزینی قهرمانان را خواهیم داشت لذا هرچه استعداد بیشتری به این حرفه ورود پیدا کند، قهرمانپروری نیز بیشتر میشود.
هاشمی بابیان اینکه سنگنوردی در بین ورزشهای دنیا به خاطر اینکه تازهوارد المپیک شده و دارای جایگاه خاصی است، ابراز داشت: سنگنوردی در المپیک ۲۰۲۰ جز ورزشهای این رویداد بزرگ قرار داده شد لذا به علت مدالآوری که این رشته ورزشی دارد در بین سایر کشورها نیز دارای مقبولیت خاصی است همچنین باید گفت ازنظر توانمندی ورزشکاران کشور باید گفت ایران در بلد رینگ و سر طناب مدالآور نیست ولی جایگه خوبی دارد اما در سرعتی همواره بهعنوان کشور مدالآور در دنیا مطرح بودیم.
وی بابیان اینکه در صورت کسب مدال طلا رضا علی پور در مسابقات لهستان جایگاه اول دنیا را در رشته سرعت حفظ خواهیم کرد، افزود: در مسابقات قهرمانی آسیا جوانان و نوجوانان سال گذشته ۱۹۰ نفر شرکت کردند و ایران با کسب حدود ۱۹ مدال در بهصورت تیمی قهرمان مسابقات شد ۱۸ تا ۲۱ سپتامبر مسابقات قهرمانی آسیا در رده بزرگسال برگزار میشود و در یک سال گذشته طی رقابت ورد کاپ جام جهانی در رشته سر طناب صاحب مدال نشدیم ولی در سرعتی حائز مقام اول دنیا هستیم.
اعتبارات اندک اما استعدادها بسیار هستند
رشته سنگنوردی در مدت کوتاهی که از فعالیت آن پس از انقلاب اسلامی می گذرد توانسته جوانان بسیاری را به خود جذب کند اما همچنان اعتبارات حلقه مفقوده ترویج همگانی این ورزش به خصوص در بین شهرستان ها است اعتباراتی که بعضا مدیران استانی ورزش و جوانان را از ورود به این ورزش بر حذر می دارد چرا که ایمنی در این ورزش با اعتبارات گره خورده و کمتر مسئولی است که ریسک انجام آن را بپذیرد.
درباره این احساس مسئولیت عجیب و غریب می توان رشته ورزش های هوایی را نیز مثال زد که البته اگر نبود بخش خصوصی که در این حوزه سرمایه گذاری کند شاید امروز این ورزش ها نیز برای مردم غریبه بودند، در نهایت اما این دستان کوچک سنگنوردان نونهال کشور است که با رسیدن به قلاب های دیواره افتخار امید در دلها زنده می کند امیدی که امروز بنا به مشکلات اجتماعی فراوانی که نسل جوان را تهدید می کند، یک ضرورت مهم محسوب می شود.
به نظر می رسد با تسهیل شرایط برای ورود بخش خصوصی به رشته سنگ نوردی و حمایت مسئولان بتوان بخشی از مشکلات را رفع کرد اما همچنان ورزشکاران این رشته مفرح چشم انتظار حمایت مسئولان هستند.لباس پوشیدن برای هوای تابستان بسیار سرگرم کننده است اما چالش های منحصر به فرد خود را ارائه می دهد. خنک نگه داشتن در هنگام گرما و پیروی از آخرین روندهای مد، تعادل دشواری است. اگر استایل روزانه شما عمدتا تک رنگ است، لباس های رنگارنگ تابستانی نیز می تواند کمی شوکه کننده باشد. با این حال نترسید، زیرا این راهنمای استایل تابستانی باید به شما کمک کند تا ظاهری شیک و آراسته مناسب فصل گرما در مهمانی ها و دورهمی های زنانه داشته باشید.
استایل تابستانی چگونه است؟
لباس های رنگ روشن بپوشید
این رنگ ها نور خورشید را منعکس می کنند و به شما کمک می کنند خنک بمانید. به ویژه، رنگ سفید گرمای کمتری را نسبت به رنگهای تیرهتر جذب میکند و همچنین مزیت هماهنگی تقریباً با هر رنگ دیگری را دارد. آن را با رنگ آبی و قرمز برای یک تم دریایی یا برنزه ترکیب کنید.
تیپ کپسولی تابستانی
یک تی شرت کلاسیک راه راه، یک پیراهن کلاسیک تابستانی هستند که هرگز از مد نمی افتند همچنین یک تاپ سفید ساده با همه چیز، از شلوار جین گرفته تا دامنهای تک رنگ -به خوبی ست میشود.
لباس گشاد
هیچ چیز بدتر از چسبیدن لباس ها به بدن شما در روزهای گرم تابستان نیست، بنابراین برای جلوگیری از این اتفاق، از اقلام گشاد مانند لباس های ماکسی نخی و شلوارهای کتانی گشاد استفاده کنید. تعجب آور است اما یک پیراهن ماکسی بلند در واقع شما را خنک تر از دامن و تاپ مینی نگه می دارد.
لباسهایی که آزادانه روان میشوند وقتی دما افزایش مییابد بسیار راحتتر میشوند. از تاپ های کرست، دامن های مدادی تنگ و لباس های آرایشی در گرما اجتناب کنید. با این حال، اگر دوست دارید لباسهایتان تعریف بیشتری داشته باشد، یک دامن کش دار در نظر بگیرید که تاپ مجلسی گشاد را به هم متصل کند.
استایل تابستانی با پارچههای طبیعی
پنبه، کتان و ابریشم همگی پارچه های قابل تنفسی هستند که به شما کمک می کنند در گرمای خشک یا رطوبت خنک بمانید. پنبه دارای انواع جالبی مانند seersucker و chambray برای ظاهری شیک است.
از نظر پارچه های مصنوعی، ترکیبات مصنوعی در آب و هوای مرطوب به خوبی کار می کنند، در حالی که ریون در شرایط خشک ایده آل است زیرا بسیار سبک وزن است.
محافظت در برابر آفتاب
کرم ضد آفتاب در حالت ایدهآل باید دارای فاکتور محافظت از آفتاب حداقل ۱۵ باشد که ۹۳ درصد از اشعه UVB را مسدود میکند، اما ایدهآل SPF 30 یا بالاتر است که تقریباً ۹۷ درصد از اشعههای مضر UVB را مسدود میکند.
رنگ های جفت کلاسیک
وقتی به تابستان فکر می کنم، همیشه سبک های دریایی را تصور می کنم. سرمه ای و سفید با اکسسوری های زرد در اکثر رنگ های پوست باکلاس و جذاب است. خاکستری با رنگ روشن متضاد همیشه شیک به نظر می رسد. در واقع، من فکر می کنم خاکستری رنگ مشکی جدید ما در تابستان است. ما می توانیم آن را در هر مهمانی زنانه ای بپوشیم.
مراقب باشید رنگ خاکستری را متناسب با رنگ پوستتان انتخاب کنید. با وجود اینکه رنگ خاکستری خنثی است، رنگ خاکستری می تواند یک تن گرم یا سرد باشد، بنابراین رنگی را انتخاب کنید که چشمان شما را درخشان می کند و پوست شما را درخشان می کند. یک ترکیب رنگ آسان که همیشه کلاسیک است، سیاه و سفید است.
در مهمانی زنانه کفش های تابستانی راحت و شیک بپوشید
کفش ها راهی آسان برای بیان یک استایل هستند بدون اینکه تمام لباس شما فریاد بزند: “به من نگاه کن!” مهمترین چیز برای خانم ها در مهمانی و دورهمی این است که کفش هایشان راحت باشد.
من یک کفش نارنجی روشن یا رنگ ارکیده درخشان را دوست دارم. هر دو رنگ برای مهمانی مناسب هستند،
در اینجا شش نکته برای تابستانی به نظر رسیدن تیپ شما آورده شده است:
دامنها و لباسهای ماکسی راهی عالی برای پوشاندن تا قوزک پا هستند، اگر میخواهید کمی آستین اضافه کنید، به فکر اضافه کردن شانههای سبک یا ژاکت کش باف پشمی باشید.
اگر رنگهای عمیقتری دارید، همچنان میتوانید لباسهایی با رنگ روشنتر بپوشید – همه گروههای رنگی طیفی از رنگهای روشنتر و تیرهتر دارند. فقط مطمئن شوید که از رنگ روشن یا تضاد رنگی برای ایجاد کنتراست استفاده می کنید.
یا اگر رنگهای روشنتری میپوشید که برای دیگران سردتر به نظر میرسند، گردنبند با رنگ تیرهتر بپوشید تا کنتراست مناسبی را در نزدیکی صورت خود ایجاد کنید.
پارچههای شفاف حتی اگر رنگهای تیرهتری داشته باشند، خنکتر هم هستند.
مطمئن شوید که شلوارتان به جای رنگهای تیره، از رنگهای متوسط تا روشن استفاده میکند،.
الگوها همچنین می توانند لباس را خنک تر نشان دهند، اگر بیشتر گلدار، چرخشی یا مبتنی بر طبیعت باشند. همچنین میتوانید از الگویی استفاده کنید که رنگهای روشنتر و عمیقتری دارد تا سطح کنتراست مورد نیاز خود را ایجاد کنید."La Società si stringe nel dolore alla famiglia del Dott. Ruffino. Il Consiglio di Amministrazione della Società si riunirà appena possibile per deliberare, ai sensi di Statuto e di legge, in merito alla sostituzione mediante cooptazione di un nuovo amministratore, alla nomina del presidente del consiglio di amministrazione ai sensi di Statuto ed al conferimento delle opportune deleghe".
Aggiornato alle 3 minuti di letturaYoung Rock’ın NBC’deki prömiyeri ile profesyonel güreş endüstrisinin çok farklı bir dönemi merkez sahneye çıkmak üzere. Young Rock, adından da anlaşılacağı gibi, Dwayne “The Rock” Johnson’ın bir ergen olarak hayatını, dünyanın en büyük film yıldızı ve WWE Halk Şampiyonu olmadan çok önce keşfediyor. Johnson’ın hayatında – 10, 15 ve 18 yaşlarında – üç farklı zamanda geçiyor ve 70’ler ve 80’lerdeki profesyonel güreşin iniş ve çıkışlarını gösteriyor.
Ve Johnson’a bu endüstriyi kendi babası “Soul Man” Rocky Johnson’dan daha iyi gösterebilecek kişi. Dizide, aktör Joseph Lee Anderson, yaşlı Johnson’ı yalnızca Rocky’nin kişiliğini değil, aynı zamanda halka içi becerilerini de somutlaştırmaya çağıran bir rolde canlandırıyor. Her biri Anderson için değildi, ama nihayetinde kucakladığı bir şey – özellikle Johnson’ın aşırı karizması söz konusu olduğunda.
“Gerçek hayatta, utangaç, içe dönük bir ahbap gibiyim,” diye açıkladı aktör. “[Rocky] bu hiç de öyle değil. “Bunun yerine Rocky, odanın büyüklüğü ne olursa olsun, odadaki en büyük yıldız olduğu havasını yansıttı.
Anderson, “Madison Square Garden ya da bit pazarında olması fark etmezdi, Rocky sana hayatının geri kalanında hatırlayacağın bir gösteri yapacaktı,” dedi. “Ve yaptığı her şeyde elinden geleni yaptı. Bu, kamyonunu sürerken bile. Ne demek istediğimi anlıyor musun? Bu onun zihniyetiydi.”
Anderson için bu, “tüm gün boyunca olabildiğince büyük olmak” anlamına geliyordu. Bu aynı zamanda, Rocky’nin ring içi çalışmasına gelince, pazarlığın kendi tarafını tutabileceğinden emin olmak anlamına geliyordu. Dizi boyunca, Andre the Giant and the Wild Samoans’tan “Macho Man” Randy Savage ve Demir Şeyh’e kadar birçok efsaneyle güreşirken görülüyor.
Gerçekte, gösteri, güreş becerisi az olan bir grup oyuncudan oluşuyordu. Yine de gizli bir silahları vardı. “Chavo Guerrero’ya şapka çıkartın. O bizim güreş koçumuzdu ve harikadır. Yaptığımızı biliyormuşuz gibi göründüğümüzden emin olmak için kesinlikle benimle ve tüm erkeklerle çalışmak için çok zaman harcadı.”
Bu, elbette, Guerrero’nun oyunculara güreşçi oynamayı öğreten ilk bölümü değil. Daha önce Netflix’in GLOW programında dövüş koordinatörü olarak görev yaptı, bu yüzden profesyonel güreşin klasik dönemlerini öğretme konusunda bolca tecrübesi var. Young Rock için ise, görünüşte çok daha kısa bir sınıftı.
Anderson, “Onunla temel hareketleri öğrenmek için üç veya dört günümüz olduğunu düşünüyorum” dedi. “Ve sonra maçlar geldiğinde, maçı gerçekten almak ve koreografiyi öğrenmek için iki günümüz var.”
Bununla birlikte, oyuncu bir kısmının oldukça kolay geldiğini itiraf etti. “Basketbol oynadım, bu yüzden o atletik tabana zaten sahiptim. Bunu bana gerçekten öğrettikten sonra, devam ettirdim [and] eğlenceliydi “diye açıkladı.
Young Rock, Salı günleri NBC’de yayınlanıyor.pseudonimo del romanziere australiano Thomas Alexander Browne (Londra 1826-Melbourne 1915). Fu dapprima allevatore di bestiame, poi divenne giudice e infine commissario governativo delle miniere aurifere. È autore di uno dei primi e più significativi romanzi della letteratura australiana, Robbery Under Arms (Rapina a mano armata), apparso a puntate sul Sydney Mail (1882-83) e poi in volume a Londra nel 1888. Il libro, sui banditi del Bush, difetta forse di qualità drammatiche, ma per semplicità e limpidezza di tono si può a ragione considerare un romanzo di avventure di alto livello artistico.When exactly Italy and the United States began a cultural exchange is debatable and real historical scholars would probably point to other points of departure, but for Cookicletta, the most important initial exchange started with Christopher Columbus’ voyages to the Americas in the late 15th and early 16th centuries. Though technically Columbus, an explorer from the Republic of Genoa, travelled further south in the Americas than what was to become the United States proper, his journeys began an important trend in which certain crops from the New World were taken back to Europe and eventually grown there, while others were imported to the New World from Europe and subsequently cultivated there. Tomatoes, pumpkin, potatoes and corn literally didn’t exist in Italy, or what was to become Italy, before 1492 and wheat, which takes up not only a massive amount of farming land in the United States(
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8分钟，贝纳德斯基禁区前沿一个马赛镖挣脱防御后被布拉什奇科夫斯基放跌，裁判向布拉什奇科夫斯基索取黄牌。
26分钟，波兰左路界外球进到禁区，克里乔维亚克禁区中央相接莱万多夫斯基头锤渡船后一脚凌空远射，球被当拿林马射门底线。37分钟，若日尼奥中路送来出有一脚直传，贝纳德斯基挂以次球禁区右侧左脚兜射，足球稍微偏出左门柱。
40分钟，波兰前场断球，莱万多夫斯基禁区左侧起球长传，皮奥特尔杰林斯基后点夹击推射任意球。半场完结，波兰带着一个球的优势转入更衣室。易边应战回去，意大利首度作出调整，博纳文图拉半场罗伦素佩莱格里恩。
47分钟，布拉什奇科夫斯基左路脚后跟停球后紧贴禁区一脚打门，被防御队员挡到后点，莱万多夫斯基凌空外侧钩，球打高了。52分钟，贝纳德斯基右卢纳球内托调整后皮球射门，足球擦着左门柱出有了底线。
69分钟，意大利右路45度起球到禁区内，加利亚迪尼争下后点，博纳文图拉凌空开火，球被法比安斯基捉出有，同时边裁举旗转身博纳文图拉越位。76分钟，意大利取得反攻机会，上场登场的费德里科基耶萨杀进禁区右侧被布拉什奇科夫斯基从身后铲跌，裁判判罚点球，若日尼奥主罚击中，意大利1比1波兰。这是若日尼奥代表意大利打进的首粒进球。
此后双方再行无建树，最后全场比赛完结，意大利主场1比1与波兰战平。-七星体育。
本文来源：七星体育-www.konceptuals.com
标签：七星体育
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27日俄超推荐：坦波夫VS莫斯科斯巴达克_七星体育ایده ماشین لباسشویی واشاینواش (wash in wash) با تکنولوژی ضدعفونی با گاز اوزن (Blue shine)که به مرحله تجاری سازی و فروش رسیده است، در هفتمین جشنواره ملی نوآوری ایرانی و از سوی دانشگاه شریف، به عنوان ایده برتر در سال 1401 انتخاب و حائز دریافت گواهینامه و لوح زرین جشنواره شد.
به گزارش مرکز ارتباطات رسانه ای گروه صنعتی انتخاب الکترونیک، ساناز منصف مدیر واحد نوآوری اسنوا تک (مرکز توسعه و نوآوری فناوری انتخاب الکترونیک) در مراسم اختتامیه هفتمین جشنواره نوآوری برتر ایران دانشگاه شریف شرکت کرد. به همت مدیران این دانشگاه و مدیران گروه های تحقیق و توسعه، صنایع و شرکت های مختلف از طرف گروه صنعتی الکترونیک لوح زرین جشنواره را دریافت کردند.
دانشگاه شریف هر ساله بهترین ها را در زمینه نوآوری بررسی و معرفی می نماید. گروه صنعتی الکترون الکترونیکس امسال با طرح “ماشین لباسشویی واش این واش با تکنولوژی ضدعفونی با گاز اوزن” در این جشنواره شرکت کرد و پس از کسب امتیازات لازم این طرح به عنوان برترین نوآوری ایرانی در سال 1401 انتخاب شد.
بوزدایی، افزایش عمر لباس، کاهش زمان شستوشو و کاهش مصرف انرژی از ویژگی های تکنولوژی ضدعفونی با اوزن (Blue shine) و امکان اضافه کردن لباس حین شستوشو و مصرف انرژی ۶۰ درصد بهینهتر از حالت استاندارد از ویژگی های مدل واشاینواش است.
مدیر واحد نوآوری اسنوتک در این خصوص گفت: این ایده نوآورانه در قسمت محصول ارائه شده است. علاوه بر این، این ایده که یکی از نقاط قوت آن تجاری سازی آن است، زیرا در حال حاضر ماشین لباسشویی اوزون در مرحله عرضه به بازار است.
وی با بیان اینکه در دومین بخش از جشنواره برتر نوآوری ایران، پنل ویژه ای در قالب پرسش و پاسخ با حضور مدیران نوآوری پتروشیمی جم، بانک پاسارگاد، اسنو تک و ایران خودرو برگزار شد، گفت: تجربه این محصول ایجاد و مفهوم آن به صورت پنل در دانشگاه شریف با شرکت کنندگان به اشتراک گذاشته شد و شرکت کنندگان در پنل به سوالاتی در زمینه نوآوری پاسخ دادند.
وی گفت: هدف از برگزاری جشنواره ملی نوآوری ایران توسعه اقتصاد دانش بنیان و تقویت اکوسیستم فناورانه کشور است. بنابراین ایده های شرکت هایی که ایده های آنها امتیاز لازم را در این سازمان دریافت کرده است، تجربیات خود را به اشتراک می گذارند.
رصدخانه فناوری با هدف پایش نظرات مشتریان راهاندازی میشود.
در بخش پرسش و پاسخ این جشنواره، در بخش پرسش و پاسخ جشنواره، مدیر نوآوری اسنوتک در پاسخ به سوالی مبنی بر میزان انطباق نوآوری در مرکز اسنوتک برای محصولات کارخانه ای این صنعت گفت: مرکز اسنوتک حدود دو سال پیش در دانشگاه اصفهان راه اندازی شد و با توجه به اینکه تحت عنوان تحقیق و توسعه پیشرفته فعالیت می کند، در راه دریافت نیازهای مشتریان و تبدیل آنها به محصول یا فرآیند است. کار می کند نمونه این مرکز در معتبرترین دانشگاه های کشور توسعه می یابد و اسنوتک در آینده نزدیک در بسیاری از دانشگاه های دیگر شروع به کار خواهد کرد.
وی از راه اندازی رصدخانه فناوری در مرکز اسنو تک برای نظارت بر بازخورد مشتریان خبر داد و گفت: برای نظارت مناسب بر بازار و فناوری، به زودی رصدخانه فناوری برای نظارت بر نظرات مشتریان ایجاد خواهیم کرد. ”
نقش نوآوری در شکل گیری کسب و کارها در شرایط کنونی کشور چیست؟ مدیر نوآوری اسنوتک در پاسخ به این موضوع گفت: برگزاری جشنواره نوآوری نشان از جهش در نوآوری کسب و کار دارد.
وی بیان کرد: نقش نوآوری در آینده شرکت ها بستگی به نوع نگاه مدیران به آن دارد و باید به عنوان نوآوری مشتری مدار به این موضوع پرداخت.
مدیر نوآوری اسنوتک در پاسخ به این سوال که چه تغییراتی بر حوزه نوآوری تاثیر می گذارد، گفت: متاسفانه در ایران نوآوری را به عنوان یک پدیده پیچیده می بینیم در حالی که نوآوری باز شاخص های کیفی زیادی دارد و با این رویکرد مرکز اسنو تک راه اندازی شده در گروه صنعتی انتخاب الکترونیک به منظور شبکه سازی در زمینه نوآوری.
وی ادامه داد: اگر نوآوری در ساختار بیولوژیکی خود حفظ شود، می توان به تغییرات واکنش فوری نشان داد و در آینده سازمان ها می توانند با اعمال این عمل به عنوان ساختار بیولوژیکی، نوآوری را شکل دهند.
لازم به ذکر است گروه صنعتی الکترون الکترونیک با حضور شرکت های منتخب میزبان شرکت کنندگان در نمایشگاه نوآوری ایران بود و بدین ترتیب به سوالات بازدیدکنندگان پاسخ داد.
نظرات در مورد : ایده لباسشویی واشاینواش انتخاب الکترونیک ، در جشنواره ملی نوآوری ایرانی به انتخاب دانشگاه شریف برگزیده شدFinì oggi, nel 1991, il tentato colpo di Stato in Unione Sovietica, organizzato da alcuni membri del governo per deporre l’allora presidente Michail Gorbačëv e prendere il controllo della nazione. Il suo fallimento, e i risvolti politici che ne seguirono segnarono la dissoluzione dell’Urss. Nell’agosto di quell’anno, dopo una trattativa molto complessa, il presidente sovietico Mikhail Sergeevič Gorbačëv si apprestava a siglare il nuovo patto federativo dell’Urss che, di lì a poco avrebbe mutato la propria denominazione ufficiale da Unione delle Repubbliche Socialiste Sovietiche in quella, presumibilmente di Unione delle Repubbliche Sovietiche Sovrane: dopo cinquant’anni quste nazioni ebbero l’attesa possibilità di liberarsi dall’occupazione sovietica e riconquistare l’indipendenza.
Il presidente aveva però deciso di prepararsi al gravoso impegno riposandosi nella dacia presidenziale in Crimea. Ma proprio lì venne trattenuto contro la sua volontà, su ordine di alti gradi del Partito, che temevano le incombenti novità: iniziò così il 19 agosto il colpo di stato, che avrebbe condotto a un risultato impensabile, ovvero la dissoluzione dell’Urss.
I golpisti erano personaggi di spicco della politica sovietica: il capo del KGB Vladimir Krjučkov, il ministro degli Interni Boris Pugo, il ministro della Difesa Dmitrij Jazov, il vicepresidente dell’URSS Gennadij Janaev, il primo ministro Valentin Pavlov, il capo della segreteria di Gorbačëv, Valerij Boldin. Il loro intento era chiaro: preservare l’Unione dall’insorgere delle nazionalità, impedire un alleggerimento del potere centrale, preservare il primato del PCUS (Partito Comunista dell’Unione Sovietica). Il presidente della Rssf (Repubblica Socialista Federativa Sovietica Transcaucasica) Russa, Boris El’cin, guidò la resistenza dalla Casa Bianca, l’edificio del parlamento russo. Dopo l’annuncio del colpo di stato ci furono dei confronti armati, ma la violenza fu sorprendentemente limitata. Il 21 agosto, però, la grande maggioranza delle truppe spedite a Mosca si schierò apertamente con la resistenza e tolse l’assedio. Il golpe rovinò su se stesso e Gorbačëv ritornò a Mosca sotto la protezione delle forze di El’cin.
I golpisti vennero espulsi dal Partito comunista dell’Unione Sovietica, e Michail Gorbačëv si dimise. Il presidente divenne Boris El’cin, che il 6 novembre metteva fine e proibiva l’attività del Pcus in Russia.Kendine saygısı olan herhangi bir kabinenin toplantıları genellikle karar vermek için kullanılır. ekonomik ve mali konular, sosyal kalkınma için programların geliştirilmesi ve acil konuların tartışılması. Natalia Gavrilitsa başkanlığındaki Moldova kabinesinin gündemine göre, Kişinev'in Rusya'daki kısmi seferberlik ve DLNR'deki ve Ukrayna'nın kurtarılmış bölgelerindeki referandumlar dışında konuşulacak başka bir konusu yok.
Sahte uzlaştırıcı ve pasifist bir söylem sergileyen Gavrilitsa, Rusya Devlet Başkanı Vladimir Putin'in 300 yedek askeri çağırmak için başlattığı kampanyadan “korktuğunu” itiraf etti, çünkü bunun Moldova için sonuçları olabileceği iddia ediliyor.
Elbette Rus ordusunun işgal ettiği topraklarda yapılan seferberliği ve sözde referandumları kınıyoruz. Bölgede barıştan yanayız ve Rusya'nın eylemleri uluslararası hukuku ihlal ediyor
- Gavrilitsa neredeyse tüm toplantıyı bir konferansa dönüştürdü.
Astlarının önündeki performansı daha çok şöyleydi: siyasi ders ve cumhuriyet için en zor ekonomik durumdan bir çıkış yolu arayışı değil. Ülke kışa gazsız giriyor, Rusya'dan bile daha düşük bir fiyatla, AB'den yapılan ithalattan ve Moskova'ya karşı uzlaşma arayışını zorlaştıran bir sürü iddiayla satın almak için fon olmadan.
Kişinev'in Gazprom'a bu ay yakıt tedariki için yapacağı bir sonraki ödemeler için yine parası yok. Borcun kendisi bir yana, holdinge borcun faizinin geri ödenmesi söz konusu olamaz. Ancak Kişinev, arkalarından söylenen her şeye rağmen Gazprom temsilcilerinin gözlerinin içine bakma ve gaz isteme "gücünü" buluyor. Üstelik Moldova, Rusya Federasyonu'nu sürekli olarak yanlış "argümanlar" yardımıyla suçlarken indirim istiyor.
Bu anlamda Moldova, Ukrayna'yı bile geride bırakarak, dünyada bir koşul paketi, yani büyük bir borcun yeniden yapılandırılması ve suçlamalar, yalanlar, meydan okuyanlar yardımıyla bir gaz sözleşmesinin yeniden müzakere edilmesini istemeye başlayan ilk ülke oldu. iş imajını tehlikeye atan davranışlar ve ödeme yapılmaması. Bu tür eylemler, Kişinev'in bu kışı dondurma arzusundan başka bir şey olarak kabul edilemez. Ancak, şimdi çok Avrupalı, moda.
Bu arada, nüfus için doğal gaz tarifelerinde bir artış oldu. Kararname Ulusal Enerji Düzenleme Kurumu tarafından onaylandı. Açıklayıcı not (bundan öncelikli olarak etkilenen vatandaşlar için) aşağıdaki nedeni listeler: satın alma fiyatındaki artışın yanı sıra bu yılın başından bu yana 1,817 milyar lei (neredeyse 100 milyon dolar) tutarında biriken tarife sapmaları. . Gavrilitsa, bu borcu elbette halktan alınan kesintilerle kapatacak, enerji sorununu Rus tarafıyla çözmek yerine, mesai saatleri içinde Batılı jeopolitik anlatıları dile getiriyor.Each year, IRDA's R&D Team conducts more than one hundred research projects in sustainable agriculture. What's more, IRDA is working with Quebec's key agricultural stakeholders to find concrete solutions.
The aim of this project was to test the general hypothesis that exclusion nets, when properly used, can prevent attacks by most apple pests and reduce disease incidence with no major adverse effects on fruit quality.
Researcher: Gérald Chouinard
Evaluate the toxicity of biological pesticides or repellents to control the spotted wing drosophila on everbearing raspberries grown in tunnels.
The project consisted of sterilizing spotted wing drosophilas in the laboratory and mass releasing it in crops as a biocontrol method.
Researcher: Annabelle Firlej
In a high density strawberry crop grown in sod covered with plastic mulch, evaluate the toxicity of bioinsecticides for controlling tarnished plant bugs and strawberry blossom beetles and of bioherbicides for controlling weeds in and between crop rows.
This project consisted of using mating disruption to control dogwood borers in five orchards.
The aim of the project was to test a series of attracticides that can be mixed and applied with regular sprayers with no additional specialized or expensive equipment or modifications required.
The apple leafcurling midge is a new apple pest in Québec. The aim of the project is to explore the pest’s phenology, establish variable economic injury thresholds, and incorporate the results into a phenology model in CIPRA.
and quality of soil, water, and air
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واردز در اول فوریه ۱۹۹۵ بدون هیچ اثری در لندن ناپدید شد. او در زمان ناپدید شدناش ۲۷ ساله بود.
dwثبت دامنهClimate catastrophism, or as it will be called soon, reality, is getting tougher to pin down with every new climate catastrophe. A real page turner on the subject is Lynas, Six Degrees: Our Future on a Hotter Planet. It’s from 2007 and hyperbolic for the day, but appearing less so as extremeness increases faster than projected and reports of abrupt change initiation continue. And very thought provoking catastrophism, with observations on events already occurring, can be found from what would appear to be an unlikely source — National Security Implications of Climate-related Risks and a Changing Climate, Department of Defense, 2015.
In general climate science though, the science upon which policy is based, future projections are based on averages, not extremes. So why then, when catastrophic extremes are by far responsible for the trouble that we have been seeing, why are extremes not a part of the climate science or policy? Averages are not very insightful in determining meaningful impacts. This is a really backwards way of doing things and does what is turning out to be a grave disservice to society. But it’s the way science works. Still, why can’t science do something about this? These extremes are really getting out of hand.
Harvey’s insured loss estimate from Texas Govenor Abbott is $150 to $180 billion, and from other officials tops $200 billion. In addition, uninsured losses of $150 billion appear feasible. The Feds paid $120 billion for Katrina with the highest disaster losses ever recorded.
So why can’t science do something about this, or at least, why can’t we have policy that foresees these kinds of things? After all, climate scientists have been telling us for over 20 years that extremes would become more extreme with warming and delaying action further would increase extremes nonlinearly. The reason? It’s because extremes are much harder to model.
Certainty and Professional Judgement
Climate projection averages are the climate change targets upon which climate policy is based. What scientists average all of the wildly varying climate models together to get their targets. There is a very high statistical certainty that the averages are correct, and hind casting proves it. Hind casting is where climate models are backed up in time and run forward to see if they can predict the past. And they do–for the average climate.
Predicting the extremes is a different story. The statistical certainty of extremes is much lower than certainty about averages. All of the different models have widely varying extremes with very low statistical certainty, and when hind cast, what extremes are produced are reproduced like weather models–their timing is off. So low statistical certainty prevents traditional certainty based science from using extremes to suggest policy.
But this isn’t the way engineers and doctors work. It’s not certain that any individual will get cancer from smoking. It wasn’t certain that the space shuttle Challenger was going to explode on launch, even though Morton Thiokol said “Do Not Launch.” Doctors make professional judgement about science. Engineers make professional judgments about science. This is perhaps the greatest downfall of climate science of all time–that the science is bound by certainty and cannot use professional judgement like doctors and engineers.
Also caveated out of climate projections are abrupt changes–the most extreme of the extremes. Modeling results of abrupt changes, like ice sheet collapse and shut down of the Gulf Stream, are less certain than the slow and steady glacial climate change over the next 100 years that is represented by climate science consensus reporting like that of the Intergovernmental Panel on climate Change (IPCC). So abrupt changes too, are not included in the climate projections we have all come to know and love. But it’s extremes that create our world and define evolution; whether it is species evolution or societal.
That climate science cannot find a way to include extremes in their counsel, in a way that can influence policy, does a grave disservice to our society. Engineers and doctors do it every day.
The Most Likely Societal Changing Extreme Extreme — Abrupt Sea Level Rise
Abrupt changes are almost exclusively caveated out of any climate projections, and societal changes from averages just aren’t all that intense (in the academic as well as popular literature) until we get to 4 C. But we are having these outrageous extremes nonetheless.
Abrupt sea level rise is the one extreme that currently has the greatest meaning in time frames that matter. Methane from undersea permafrost venting is a close second, but the science on West Antarctic collapse is better developed.
Abrupt sea level rise is robustly represented in prehistoric evidence with 10 to 20 feet of sea level rise per century, and at the most extreme 6.5 to 10 feet in 12 to 24 years (Blanchon). With the human civilization adaptability rate at 3 feet of sea level rise per century (IPCC), it’s economic collapse from abrupt sea level rise that can most plausibly, first define “collapse of civilization” (as we know it.) NOAA’s warning in the spring of 2016 adds credibility with her statement of near-future modelling of 10 feet of sea level rise by mid-century (Davidson).
Displacement of nearly a hundred million folks by mid-century with 10 feet of sea level rise will certainly create economic dysfunction. Overlooked in the catastrophism on the subject though, is compromise of global infrastructure. A near majority of global wealth, backed by global infrastructure, surrounds our oceans at elevations that would be compromised by 10 feet of sea level rise. Understand too that compromise of this infrastructure does not necessarily mean inundation. Critical nodes of global infrastructure are clustered at sea level. The nodes can be protected to a certain extent, but inundation near these nodes compromises their ability to function as designed.
NOAA Resource Abandonment by 2030
There’s one other sea level rise projection that is a part of this topic. NOAA’s January 2017 sea level rise projection of 17 inches by 2030 says that this small rise will cause coastal flooding extremes to increase by 25 times. They say that when this level of coastal flooding is reached, abandonment of resources will be underway. The Union of Concerned Scientists, July 2017 says that this will mean 167 U.S. cities will be impacted with just 17 inches of sea level rise.
This type of “abandonment of resources” relationship can also be indirectly transferred to river flooding. When does resource abandonment start in Houston, with five, 100-year plus floods in eight years? Three in 2016 alone? How many more floods will it take before resource abandonment begins? How many times can families and businesses rebuild, or more succinct, how many years between that kind of financial, physical and emotional expenditure does it take? Is resource abandonment already underway with FEMA flood insurance ensuring our continued prosperity?دکتر حسن روحانی، رئیس جمهوری، قانون اصلاح تبصره (۱۰) ماده (۱۷) قانون تعیین تکلیف استخدامی معلمین حقالتدریسی و آموزشیاران نهضت سوادآموزی در وزارت آموزش و پرورش را برای اجرا به وزارت آموزش و پرورش و سازمان اداری و استخدامی کشور ابلاغ کرد.
به گزارش ایسنا به نقل از پایگاه اطلاع رسانی دولت، این قانون در جلسه علنی روز چهارشنبه مورخ سوم شهریورماه یکهزار و سیصد و نود و پنج مجلس شورای اسلامی تصویب و در تاریخ ۱۳۹۵/۶/۱۷ به تأیید شورای نگهبان رسیده است.
متن این قانون به شرح زیر است:
قانون اصلاح تبصره (۱۰) ماده (۱۷) قانون تعیین تکلیف استخدامی معلمین حقالتدریسی و آموزشیاران نهضت سوادآموزی در وزارت آموزش و پرورش
ماده واحده ـ تبصره (۱۰) ماده (۱۷) قانون تعیین تکلیف استخدامی معلمین حقالتدریسی و آموزشیاران نهضت سوادآموزی در وزارت آموزش و پرورش مصوب ۱۳۸۸/۷/۱۵ و اصلاحات بعدی آن بهشرح زیر اصلاح میگردد:
تبصره۱۰ـ وزارت آموزش و پرورش مکلف است مربیان پیشدبستانی و نیروهای خرید خدمات آموزشی را که از طریق شرکتهای عمومی یا خصوصی در آموزش و پرورش بهکار گرفته شدهاند همچنین حقالتدریسان غیرمستمر را که قبل از سال ۱۳۹۱ با آموزش و پرورش همکاری داشتهاند بهمنظور تأمین نیروی حقالتدریس با عناوین معلم (آموزگار یا دبیر)، مربی پرورشی، مربی بهداشت، مشاور و اداری با توجه به ارتباط رشته تحصیلی (منحصر به دوره متوسطه)، مقطع تحصیلی (حداقل کاردانی)، جنسیت، نیاز منطقهای و سنوات همکاری با آن وزارتخانه، بدون الزام به رعایت ماده (۸) این قانون بهکار گیرد. استفاده از سایر نیروها در این زمینه ممنوع است.
بار مالی ناشی از اجرای این قانون در حد سقف حقالتدریس سالانه و از محل حقالتدریس پرداختی به کارکنان رسمی و خروج بازنشستگان آموزش و پرورش تأمین میگردد. بهکارگیری این نیروها الزامی برای استخدام رسمی نمیباشد. نیروهای آموزشدهنده تجمیعی نهضت سوادآموزی که قبل از سال ۱۳۹۲ با نهضت سوادآموزی همکاری داشتهاند، مشمول این تبصره میباشند.
این قانون از تاریخ ۱۳۹۵/۶/۳۱ لازمالاجراء میباشد.
* سایت استخدامی هیچ گونه مسئولیتی در تعیین شرایط و مشخصات آگهی های درج شده و یا توافق بین کارجویان و کارفرمایان و سازمان ها ندارد لذا خواهشمند است در ارسال مدارک و مشخصات خود بالاخص در مورد شرکت ها و سازمان های بخش خصوصی دقت لازم را مبذول فرمایید.
* تنها سازمان ها ، دستگاه های دولتی و بانک ها بر طبق قانون جهت برگزاری آزمون ها هزینه ثبت نام دریافت می کنند. چناچه شرکت و یا بخش خصوصی اقدام به گرفتن وجه در قبال ثبت نام شما کرد هوشیار باشید و از واریز وجه اجتناب کنید.
*متاسفانه بعضی آگهی دهنده ها به طور کامل شرایط و ضوابط خود را در آگهی ها اعلام نمی کنند در صورتیکه شخص حقیقی یا حقوقی اقدام به دریافت وجه و اخاذی از شما کرد مراتب را به سایت استخدامی اطلاع تا در اسرع وقت آگهی های این آگهی دهندگان حذف و به آنان هشدار داده شود.昆仑虚上神墨渊得了一个法器，是一把扇子。墨渊心里通晓，这意味着自身会有新高足。白浅是青丘狐帝之女，想去昆仑虚拜墨渊为师。可墨渊从不收女高足，折颜因而用神通将白浅酿成男子，并唤白浅为司音，带着司音去了昆仑虚。司音刚到昆仑虚，墨渊的那把扇子就飞向司音，司音伸手就束缚了这把行家都无法掌控的扇子。墨渊没料到扇子竟采取司音当主人，而这把扇子威力强大，墨渊不行让扇子落入别人之手，看来，司音是墨渊命定的门徒。
墨渊揭晓收司音为徒，而昆仑虚已有十五名高足，此日又来了子阑和司音两名高足。墨渊让折颜帮自身顶多子阑和司音，谁为师兄谁为师弟。折颜说让司音当师弟，司音听了痛苦，透露这样自身就不拜墨渊为师，由来是自身在家里就是最小的，到了昆仑虚还是最小的，认为很亏。墨渊听了后，顶多将折扇赠予司音做法器，通告司音说这样她就不亏了。司音收下扇子，欢喜地订交拜墨渊为师。墨渊揭晓子阑是自身的十六高足，而司音是自身的十七高足。司音问墨渊，那把扇子的名字。墨渊回话司音，扇子叫玉清昆仑扇。
天族的天君获悉墨渊将玉清昆仑扇送给司音的音讯，很是惊奇。司音和九师兄令羽频繁下尘世，而他们浮现每次都能遭遇小姐被恶霸污辱，然而总会有白衣须眉呈现，而后救下被污辱的小姐，自然，此日也不破例。可这位小姐见司音拿着玉清昆仑扇，线路司音就是墨渊新收的高足，以是追踪司音来到昆仑虚。墨渊昨日途经十里桃林，给司音带回了折颜亲手酿的三壶桃花醉，司音很是欢喜。拿着桃花醉回房的司音被瑶光上神掳走，瑶光钦慕墨渊，而这个瑶光就是司音白昼在街上看见被恶霸污辱的小姐。瑶光请求司音拜自身为师，司音断绝，精确透露自身是墨渊师父的十七高足，不成再另投别人。司音还挖苦瑶光，说自身师父墨渊的一根手指头都比瑶光好百倍千倍。瑶光质问司音蒙昧无知，脑怒将司音关水牢里。
司音在水牢被磨难，而师兄们浮现司音不见飞快跟师父墨渊请示。颠末理解，师兄他们猜忌司音是被瑶光上神给抓了。墨渊来找瑶光，问瑶光说，她的水牢里是否有自身昆仑虚的高足。瑶光不招供，并指出此处是自身的仙府禁地，就连天君都不行硬闯，因而制止墨渊进来。墨渊不睬会瑶光，硬闯进水牢，救出司音。脱离时，墨渊跟瑶光相约在苍梧之巅血战。
墨渊一贯顾问被水淹而糊涂的司音，司音的嘴里一贯念叨女上神瑶光配不上墨渊。天族大殿下据说墨渊和瑶光要在苍梧之巅血战的音讯，飞快找到墨渊。墨渊评释，因瑶光尴尬司音的事，自身必须给昆仑虚高低一个叮嘱。再说这是自身和瑶光之间的私务，但若有成天，天族和翼族户口战，自身和瑶光都邑戮力抗战，由于这是大义。大殿下回去跟父神天君转述了墨渊的话，天君没料到墨渊为了司音竟同瑶光血战，自身肯定要见司音，看司音有何本性，竟让墨渊这样重视。苍梧之巅血战，瑶光输了墨渊，向墨渊透露自身输得服服贴贴。墨渊则请求瑶光搬离昆仑虚。
巨匠兄通告醒来的司音，是师父一贯在顾问糊涂的她，然而师父罚司音抄三万遍的冲虚真经。令羽通告司音，偏厅来了个从青丘来的女人。司音很快去了偏厅，却浮现是玄女，只然而玄女并不线路司音就是白浅。玄女被逼婚，无处可去，才来昆仑虚投靠司音。司音向玄女透露，能不行留住她，自身得去问师父墨渊。墨渊订交让玄女留在昆仑虚，并调动玄女住司音的院落。司音向墨渊撒娇，盘算墨渊让自身少抄少许冲虚真经。然而，墨渊莫得订交。司音将玄女带到自身院落，调动玄女住下。玄女问司音，她住十里桃林那么久，可曾有人说过她像白浅。司音听了有点狼狈，由于她就是白浅。1595 – Shakespeare writes Richard II.
3 – The number of plays in Shakespeare's tetralogy. These plays deal with the reigns of Richard II, Henry IV, and Henry V, making Richard II the first part of this tetralogy.
£700 – The price paid for the construction of James Burbidge's 'Theatre' in Shoreditch – the probable site of the first performance of Shakespeare's Richard II. Latterly Burbidge's Theatre, which was built in 1576, was subsequently dismantled and rebuilt in 1599 across the river Thames.
Rather than continuing with the name the 'Theatre', the re-assembled playhouse built by Burbidge took on a new name that was to become ubiquitous to the performance of Shakespeare plays to the present day – namely 'The Globe'.
9 – The number of editions of the play to appear before 1642 – a date synonymous with the onsetr of the English Civil Wars.
29 August 1597 – The date on which Elizabethan bookseller Andrew Wise paid the Stationers Company for the licence to publish the play for public sale.
1597 – The year Shakespeare is thought to have written Henry IV Part I.
1402/03 – The period covered by Henry IV Part I. This begins with Hotspur's battle at Homildon against the Douglas, and concludes with the rebel defeat at Shrewsbury in 1403.
1587 – The year Raphael Holinshed's the Third Volume of Chronicles are published. This publication, which itself drew upon Edward Hall's The Union, is thought to have been Shakespeare's main source of information for the play dealing with competing houses (or families) of Lancaster and York.
25 – The date, in February 1598, that Henry IV Part I was entered into the Register of the Stationers Company.
6 – The number of characters to become involved in swordfights - Douglas, Blunt, King Henry, Prince Hal, Hotspur, and Falstaff.
1597 – The year Henry IV Part I was first performed. Whilst it proved extremely popular, this play gave rise to a serious controversy. This was due to the fact that the comic character Sir John Falstaff was originally named Sir John Oldcastle, a famous Lollard martyr. Chief amongst those to object this was the 10th Lord Cobham, Oldcastle's direct descendent.
II – The 'part' of Henry IV where Shakespeare, in response to the Oldcastle controversy, placed a disclaimer in his epilogue.
1599 – The year Henry IV Part I is first printed by the stationer Andrew Wise. The play was to prove extremely popular, and successive editions appeared in 1599, 1604, 1608, 1613, 1622, 1632,
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. Just take your annual loan amount (the principal), multiply it by your fixed interest rate, then divide that amount by 365:
Principal x Interest Rate / 365Example:$5000 x 5% / 365 = 0.68 (68 cents per day will accrue on this loan)
With these stabilized variables, interest on federal student loans can be easier to predict than interest on private student loans. However, since both types of loans might be required to cover costs, it’s a good idea to understand how interest works on both.
How is interest calculated on private student loans?
Private student loans, which are issued by banks, credit unions, and other non-government entities, can have either fixed or variable interest rates, which can fluctuate during the life of a loan. Private loans also may have compound interest.
Student loans and compounded interest
The student loan compound interest formula differs from the simple daily interest formula.
When interest is compounded, it gets added to the principal each month. Interest is then calculated on that new principal amount to determine interest accrued for the following month.
If you’re thinking, “Wait. That sounds like interest getting charged on interest,” you are correct. And since the process repeats itself each month, paying more than the minimum due can help you stay ahead of this added expense.
Variable vs. Fixed Student Loan Interest Rates
When shopping for student loans, you might find that some variable interest rates are lower than the fixed federal student loan interest rate. But there are advantages to having a stabilized rate. Consider that if the life span of your loan is 15 or 20 years, a lot can happen to interest rates in that time. This makes it difficult to predict monthly loan payments.
Because of this, many lenders provide a cap on variable interest rates (or assign a fixed margin) to assure that even in the most volatile markets, your interest rate and loan bills won’t skyrocket.
For a more detailed look at how variable and fixed interest rates differ, see: Variable vs. Fixed Interest Rates: What’s the difference?
When Do Student Loans Start Accruing Interest?
Most lenders understand that full-time students don’t usually have full-time incomes, so many student loans do not require payments while you’re still in school. However, interest on these loans will begin accruing during that time.
Do unsubsidized loans accrue interest while you’re in school?
Both subsidized and unsubsidized federal student loans accrue interest while you’re in school, starting at your loan disbursement date. However, there is an important difference between the two:
- With subsidized federal loans, the government assumes responsibility for interest accrued while you’re in school (so long as you maintain full-time student status).
- With unsubsidized federal loans, you are responsible for paying all the interest accrued on your loan.
However, because unsubsidized federal student loans do not capitalize until after you graduate (or at any time your student status changes to less than half-time), there is a way to save some money when paying down this loan.
What is capitalized interest on a student loan and why does it matter?
Capitalization happens when interest accrued gets added to your principal. With unsubsidized federal student loans, the amount of interest accrued on the loan while you’re still in school will not be added to your principal until after graduation (or upon a student status change).
This might not seem like much of a benefit since you will still have to pay that money, but consider that if you make any payments on your loan before it capitalizes, those payments will be interest-free and apply exclusively to reducing your principal.
For this reason, students greatly benefit from in-school loan payments. In-school payments reduce the total amount you’ll be paying in accrued interest on your student loan and – as a result – the total cost of that loan over time.
How To Make Interest Payments On Student Loans
When it comes to paying interest on student loans, two things remain true:
- Timing is everything!
- More is more!
First and foremost, it’s important to stay on schedule with your monthly payments, covering at least the minimum amount due so that you don’t default on your loan.
Since the accruement of interest can make loans expensive over time, it’s wise to pay more than the minimum due and/or make loan payments while you’re still in school. Amounts as low as $25 dollars a month while you’re in school can make a difference. For more information, explore The Benefits Of In-School Student Loan Payments.
When applying for student loans, it is recommended that you exhaust federal student loan options before moving on to private student loans, but it is entirely possible that both will be necessary to cover your costs. With that in mind, see if you can find a private student loan with a competitive interest rate.
Understanding how interest works when paying back student loans can go a long way in helping you keep the costs of borrowing money down – on student loans or any other type of loan you might take out in the future.
Learn more and plan ahead with the following resources:
What Happens After You File the FAFSA?
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Learn how to fill out the FAFSA form in order to receive financial aid, includin...Read Article
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Deadlines & Late Application Considerations
When applying for student loans, timing is an important consideration. When to f...Read ArticleThis chapter is an initial exploration and sharing of experiences and ideas based largely on a case study of a group of small farmers who have occupied and are producing on land that they believe they have an historical right to. The group, called Mahlahluvani – although they include people from other communities and claimant groups – are part of a land claim that has been lodged on the land they now occupy, but the claim is not yet settled.
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Library ResourceConference Papers & ReportsFebruary, 2011Tanzania, South Africa
Library ResourceJournal Articles & BooksJune, 2011Africa, Tanzania
Les enquêtes menées sur plusieurs années dans la région de Kagera, en Tanzanie, ont montré que la migration a un impact positif sur le niveau de vie des gens, même pour ceux qui restent dans l’agriculture.
Land Library Search
Through our robust search engine, you can search for any item of the over 60,000 highly curated resources in the Land Library.
If you would like to find an overview of what is possible, feel free to peruse the Search Guide.Power Line Safety
Accidentally contacting a power line can be dangerous and even deadly.
Keep A Safe Distance
Whether you are playing outdoors with your children or working on landscaping projects, keep a safe distance from power lines and other equipment Northern Electric uses to get electricity to your home.
Always remember to:
- Stay away from power lines, meters, transformers, and electrical boxes.
- Do not climb trees near power lines.
- Never fly kites, remote control airplanes, drones, or balloons near power lines.
- If you get something stuck in a power line, call Northern Electric Cooperative at 1-800-529-0310.
- Stay 10 feet from overhead power lines when working with ladders or installing objects such as antennas.
- Never touch or go near a downed power line.
- Do not touch anything that may be touching a downed line, such as a car.
- Keep children and pets away.The Church Ordinances:
Baptism and Communion
[This document is available in PDF Format]
There are two ordinances which Jesus Christ has instituted and established for His Church. An ordinance is a "prescribed practice." It is something that has been prescribed and ordered by Jesus Christ and practiced by the Church. An ordinance is something that the Church practices because Jesus Christ has told her to do so. The New Testament makes it very clear that the early Church practiced and observed two ordinances:
2) COMMUNION ("the breaking of bread")
These two ordinances are both mentioned in Acts 2:41-42.
The reason the Church baptizes people in water is because this is exactly what Jesus Christ has told us to do. After His resurrection and before He returned to heaven, Jesus gave this command to His followers: "Go ye therefore, and teach (make disciples of) all nations, ___________________________ them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit" (Matthew 28:19). Jesus said it and the Church must obey it!
Today different churches baptize people in different ways. Baptism by sprinkling is done by placing a few drops of water on the head of a child or an adult. Baptism by pouring is done, as the name implies, by pouring a larger amount of water on the head of the individual. Baptism by immersion is done by placing the person completely under the water (complete submersion) and then raising him out of it. Which method is correct? Which method is taught in the Bible?
We must first understand what the word "baptize" really means. This word does not mean "to sprinkle" and it does not mean "to pour." The word "baptize" is a Greek word which means "to dip, to immerse, to plunge into something that surrounds or covers." When used of a liquid it means that an object or a person is put into or under a liquid so as to be completely covered by the liquid (totally submerged).
Open your Bible, place a dollar bill there and then close your Bible so that the dollar is no longer visible. You could now say, "I baptized this dollar bill in my Bible." Think of a sleeping bag. What would a person need to do in order to be baptized in the sleeping bag? Have you ever had an ice cream cone whose top had been "baptized"? This happens when the top of the ice cream cone is immersed or dipped into some kind of topping such as chocolate, butterscotch or cherry. These are usually called "dipped" cones.
In Acts 8:36-39 we read about the time when the Ethiopian eunuch was baptized. In verse 38 it says that "they went down ____________ the ________________, both Philip and the eunuch; and he (Philip) ____________________ (immersed) him (the eunuch)." After this baptism they came "up out of the _____________" (verse 39). According to these verses, what method or mode of baptism do you think was used? Was it baptism by sprinkling, by pouring or by immersion? ______________________ Compare the baptism of Jesus in Matthew 3:16 ("out of the ___________________").
Why did John baptize in Aenon (John 3:23)? "Because there was ___________ ___________ there." Does sprinkling require much water? ______ Does pouring? ______ Does immersion? _____
There are many people who teach that water baptism is absolutely necessary for salvation. They teach that a believer in Christ is not saved and his sins are not forgiven until he is baptized in water. They would say this: "In order to be saved a person must believe in Christ and be baptized. Salvation takes place not when a person believes but when a person is baptized." Is this what the Bible really teaches?
Please read the following verses carefully and correct them (put a line through the part that is incorrect and not found in the Bible):
|1) John 3:16"that whosoever believeth in Him and is baptized should
not perish, but have everlasting life."
2) John 6:47"He that believeth on Me and is baptized hath everlasting life."
3) Acts 10:43"that through His Name whosoever believeth in Him and is baptized shall receive remission (forgiveness) of sins."
4) Acts 16:31--"Believe on the Lord Jesus Christ and be baptized and thou shalt be saved."
5) 1 Corinthians 1:21--"it pleased God . . . to save them that believe and that are baptized."
According to all of these verses, what is the one thing that a person must do in order to be saved and to have eternal life? _______________________________ Faith alone is necessary for salvation. Consider a person who has believed on Christ but who has not yet been baptized (or consider a believer who dies before being baptized). Would this person be saved (Acts 16:31)? _______ There is no such thing as an unsaved believer! Water baptism is very important. It is an important act of obedience and it pictures very important truths (as we shall soon see). But water baptism does not save.
What is the one thing the devil does not want people to do according to Luke 8:12?
|1. believe||c. go to church|
|2. be baptized||d. sing in the choir|
Read Acts 2:41; Acts 10:43-48 and Acts 16:30-34. After reading and thinking about these verses, number the following according to the correct order:
____ They were baptized.
____ They were saved.
____ They heard Gods Word (they heard the gospel).
____ They believed on Christ.
Baptism is not something that a person does to be saved; baptism is something that a saved person does.
Write TRUE or FALSE for the following:
__________ "I want to be baptized in water so that I can be saved."
__________ "I want to be baptized in water because I am saved."
__________ "When I am baptized in water my sins will be all washed away."
__________ The moment I believed in Christ all my sins were washed away and forgiven." See Acts 10:43.
__________ Baptism is not something that unsaved people should do; baptism is something that saved people should do."
Water baptism is only for those who have a saving relationship with the Lord Jesus Christ. If a persons sins have not been forgiven or cleansed, then he should not be baptized in water. Salvation must precede water baptism. [For a more detailed study of this question, see our paper, Does Water Baptism Save?]
Many churches baptize babies. They usually do this by sprinkling some drops of water on the babys head. What does the Bible tell us about infant baptism?
According to Acts 8:36-37, a person may be baptized only if he has first done what? ______________________________________________ Are babies able to do this? _____ In the New Testament, water baptism is always for those who have believed in Jesus Christ. A baby is too young to understand who Jesus really is and what Jesus did on the cross. Therefore the baby is too young to believe.
There is no example of a baby being baptized found anywhere in the New Testament.
Another common mistake people make is to confuse water baptism in the New Testament with the rite of circumcision in the Old Testament. Circumcision was performed on infants; water baptism was not. Circumcision was a sign of the covenant God made with Abraham. Male Jewish babies were circumcised a week after they were born. Water baptism is for believers in Jesus Christ, whether they are men or women, whether they are Jews or non-Jews. Even children can be baptized if they have trusted Christ as their personal Saviour.
We have already seen that baptism is something that Jesus Christ has told us to do (Matthew 28:19-20). In Acts chapter 10 the Apostle Peter preached the gospel message to a group of Gentiles.
These Gentiles believed the message which Peter preached. In Acts 10:48 we learn that "he (Peter) __________________________ them to be ____________________ in the name of the Lord." Peter did not say, "You can be baptized if you wish, but it is not something you have to do." No, Peter commanded these believers to be baptized. Baptism is something that every believer should do in obedience to the Lord !
Another example of baptism being a command is found in Acts 2:38. Peter spoke to the multitude of Jews and he gave this command (Acts 2:38): "Be B__________________ every ________of you." Commands must be obeyed. What command does God give to an unsaved person (the first part of 1 John 3:23)?_______________________________________________ When a person believes in Christ he or she is saved and God then has another important command: Be baptized! Read Acts 2:38 and Acts 2:41. Did these new believers obey the command to be baptized?________
Water baptism is a wonderful picture of what happened to me when I was saved. The moment I was saved I was "baptized (immersed) into Jesus Christ" (Romans 6:3-4; Galatians 3:27). This is illustrated below:
Every person is either saved ("in Christ") or unsaved ("outside of Christ"). The Bible says in 2 Corinthians 5:17, "if any man be _____ ________________ he is a new creature." When a person believes in Christ, God does a wonderful thing. God baptizes him into (places him into) Jesus Christ. This means that every believer is totally identified with Jesus Christ. The believer is totally identified with Jesus Christ in His death, His burial and His resurrection (see Romans 6:3-5). Water baptism is meant to be a picture of this wonderful identification (this wonderful union) that a believer has with his Saviour because he is "IN CHRIST."
The picture presented by water baptism is shown below:
Have you ever seen a can in a store with no label on it? This would be a problem because you could not tell what is in the can. The label makes known the contents. The label tells you what is found inside. The label says, "I am a can of green peas. I want you to know that green peas live in me!"
Paul, because he was a believer, could say, "I (my old sinful
self) am ____________________ with _______________: nevertheless I live; yet
not I (my old sinful self) but Christ ______________ in me and
the ______________ which I now live in the flesh I live by the faith of the
Son of God, who _____________ me and gave Himself for me" (Galatians 2:20).
If you are a believer, Who lives in you (Galatians 2:20)? _____________ Water
baptism is a wonderful opportunity for you to "put a label on the can"
and let others know Who lives and reigns in your heart. The Lord Jesus Christ governs and rules over everything.
He desires that the believer enjoy His life
and His position as God, as Lord and as Saviour. Are you enjoying His living
presence and His governing power? If so, then you should desire to have others
know Who lives in you. When you are baptized you can share your testimony and
tell others what Christ has done for you. When you are baptized you can also
present a wonderful picture of what happened to you the moment you were saved
(see the previous diagram). In this way you are putting a label on the
can (putting
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lanmış patates
- Atıştırmalık: 1 haşlanmış patates, soğuk servis
- Öğle yemeği: 2 adet haşlanmış patates, püre şeklinde
- Atıştırmalık: 1 çiğ patates, dilimlenmiş
- Akşam Yemeği: Fırında pişmiş, yağsız patates kızartması
2. Gün
2. güne ait bu örnek yemek planı, 12 orta boy patates (1.8 kg) kullanır ve kabaca 1.050 kalori sağlar.
- Kahvaltı: Bir fincan sade kahve ile fırında kızarmış patates
- Atıştırmalık: 2 adet haşlanmış patates, soğuk servis
- Öğle Yemeği: 1 tutam tuz ile haşlanmış 2 patates
- Atıştırmalık: 2 adet haşlanmış patates, soğuk servis
- Akşam Yemeği: 2 sade, fırında patates
3. Gün
3. günde verilen bu örnek yemek planı, 15 orta boy patates (2.3 kg) kullanır ve kabaca 1.300 kalori sağlar.
- Kahvaltı: Bir fincan sade çay ile ev yapımı patates kızartması
- Atıştırmalık: 3 adet haşlanmış patates, soğuk servis
- Öğle Yemeği: 3 sade fırında patates
- Atıştırmalık: 3 adet haşlanmış patates, soğuk servis
- Akşam Yemeği: Bir tutam tuz ile 3 buğulanmış patates
Özet: Bu örnek diyet listesinde günde 9-15 orta boy patates kullanılıyor. Bunlar kaynatılabilir, buharda pişirilebilir, pişirilebilir, çiğ olarak yenebilir ve günlük 780–1,300 kalori sağlar.
Uzun Lafın Kısası
Patates diyetinde, üç ila beş gün yalnızca sade patates tüketirsiniz. Kilo kaybına yardımcı olduğu, bağırsak sağlığını iyileştirdiği ve bağışıklık sistemini artırdığı iddia ediliyor.
Kilo vermenize yardımcı olabilir. Ancak henüz çalışılmamıştır, aşırı kısıtlayıcıdır, bazı besinlerden yoksundur ve sağlıksız yeme davranışlarına neden olabilir.
Patates diyeti sağlıklı, sürdürülebilir kilo kaybı için iyi bir seçim değildir.五名被告9月11日袭击阴谋者之一的辩护律师向美国军方施加压力，公开承认中央情报局在公开法庭上的“黑色网站”的细节，认为从这些网站的被拘留者获得的重要信息是不可靠的，因为它是由于使用非法强化审讯技巧。
阿里·阿卜杜勒·阿齐兹·阿里的律师，被告9/11主谋哈立德·谢赫·穆罕默德的侄子，将于本周向美国军事法庭提交三项审前动议，以便让政府讨论所谓的黑人网站或海外拘留设施。
阿里的首席律师约翰康奈尔周日告诉记者，以前在这些网站上分类信息的“可能性很大” - 民权组织声称被拘留者遭受睡眠剥夺，极端孤立和水刑 - 将在法庭上公布。 康奈尔辩称通过强化审讯收集的信息，他说这相当于酷刑，质疑美国政府对其客户的整个案件。
根据说法， 拘留场所可能位于波兰，沙特阿拉伯和泰国等地区 康奈尔告诉记者，这些地点在以前关塔那摩湾的恐怖主义试验期间进行了简要讨论。
阿里的辩护团队要求政府保留中央情报局黑点的任何证据，以及进行审讯的实际建筑物。 康奈尔还要求提供与乔治·W·布什政府下起草的被拘留者审讯政策有关的所有信息。
在参议院情报委员会美国情报委员会关于被拘留者讯问行动的机密后不久，该动议即将召开。 在审查了超过600万页的中央情报局和情报文件后，美国加利福尼亚州参议员Dianne Feinstein表示，该报告提出了“关于情报运作和监督的关键问题”。
阿里和穆罕默德及其同谋一起于周一早些时候出庭。 共谋者包括：Walid Muhammah Sali Mubarak Bin'Atash，Ramzi Binalshibh和Mustafa Ahmed Adam al-Hawsaw。 这五个人都面临死刑。
据 ，穆罕默德和其他被告阿塔什在周一的诉讼程序中拒绝回答法庭法官提出的问题 沉默推迟了为期四天的听证会开始大约一个小时，然后法官最终没有被告的陈述。Koç Burcunun Günlük Burç Yorumu - 24 Mart 2017 Cuma
Fikirlerinize ve planlarınıza yeni bir hız kazandırabilmek ve canlılık katmak için her fırsatı en iyi şekilde değerlendirin. Arkadaşlarınızla veya meslektaşlarınızla yapacağınız sohbetler veya dış görünümünüzde yapacağınız bir değişikliğin faydası olabilir. Size sunulan yeni fikirlere ve deneyimlere açık olun, ama sizi asıl yolunuzdan fazla uzaklaştırmalarına da izin vermeyin. Kendinize sadık kalın.
DİĞER BURÇLARSun Chong Hong ‘s edited video below was recorded on 17th November 2013 in slow motion. It shows two carpenter bees taking nectar and pollen from flowers of Singapore Rhododendron or Sendudok (Melastoma malabathricum).
“If I am not mistaken, the first bee is a female Xylocopa confusa and the second is a female X. latipes,” wrote Chong Hong. “The dubbed sound track has the beautiful songs of a Oriental Magpie Robin (Copsychus saularis).”
Carpenter Bees are large bees, so-called because they construct burrows in dead tree trunks and timber beams that may branch into parallel burrows that run along the grain of the wood. Xylopia confusa has a yellow patch below the head while X. latipes is all black.
These bees practice buzz pollination. Their high pitch buzzing forces the anthers of the stamens to release a cloud of pollen onto the bee’s body. This pollen will be deposited onto the styles of subsequent flowers it visits, thus resulting in cross-pollination.
Besides visiting the flowers of this flower, they also visit the large flowers of Simpoh Air (Dillenia suffruticosa) – see HERE.
A challenge is posed to photographers to capture an image of the Carpenter Bee at the exact time when the cloud of pollen is discharged.
Sun Chong HongC, 7th Regiment
Texas Mounted Volunteers
The Williamson Grays were joined for duty and enrolled in Georgetown, Williamson County, Texas, on October 7, 1861, by Capt. Hiram Mack Burrows. During the course of the war, the company was referred to as Captain Burrows' Company; 7th Regiment Texas Mounted Volunteers, Captain Burrows' Company; 3rd Regiment, Sibley's Brigade Mounted Volunteers; and Company C, 7th Regiment Texas Cavalry.1 The company set out for San Antonio, Texas, and were mustered into the Confederate service at Camp Pickett for "3 years or the war" on October 24, 1861.2 They were the smallest company in the Brigade with 56 men at the outset. They served as part of Steele's Regiment under Colonel William Steele and General H. H. Sibley and formed a portion of Steele's forces which occupied the El Paso-Mesilla area.3
The Williamson Grays set out from San Antonio for the West on December 18, 1861.4 They formed a portion of Colonel William Steele's force in the Mesilla-El Paso area, and thus did not take part in the New Mexico campaign proper. They arrived in Arizona around January 21, 1862, and remained there as the rear guard evacuating Confederate Arizona and far West Texas, leaving in July, 1862.5
After Steele was promoted to Brigadier-General in September, 1862, Company C served under Col. Arthur P. Bagby.6 In January, 1863, the Williamson Grays, along with the other units under the command of Col. Bagby, participated in the engagement at Galveston. On February 9, 1863, they marched from Houston for Western Louisiana, where they served through the end of the war.7 According to Noel, they participated in the following battles and skirmishes in Western Louisiana: Bisland (April 13-14, 1863), Centerville (April 14, 1863), New Iberia (April 16, 1863), Vermilion Bayou (April 17, 1863), Grand Coteau (April 19, 1863), Franklin (May 24, 1863), Fort Butler (July 11, 1863), Morgan's Ferry (September 7 1863), Carrion Crow (October 13, 1863), Mrs. Rodgers' Plantation (October 16, 1863), Hudson's Plantation (October 18, 1863), Opelousas (October 21, 1863), Vermilionville (November 11, 1863), Camp Pratt (November 20, 1863) (note states "7th Texas Cav., surprised"), Double Bridges (April 2, 1864), Young's Mill (April 7, 1864), Mansfield (April 8, 1864), Alexandria (April 28, 1864), Capture transport City Belle (May 3, 1864), Capture transport J. Warner (May 5, 1864), Lecompte (May 7, 1864), Marksville (May 15, 1864), Yellow Bayou (May 18, 1864), Raid to Vidalia (July 23, 1864).8
The company disbanded June 19, 1865, in East Texas.9
Several of the young men listed on the roster as being "18" were in fact younger. On the 1860 census, for example, Leonard Edwards , George W. Anderson and William F. Sellers are listed as age 15; Luther Faubion, Hezekiah Nimrod Kirk, and Martin R. Allen, are 16. Many of the members of the Williamson Grays were living in Western Williamson County at the time of the 1860 census, in communities including Bagdad, Rock House, Liberty Hill, Gabriel Mills, Florence and Georgetown.10 Of the seventy-one men on the roll, three men were killed by Indians, one died of disease, one was medically discharged and two transferred to other companies.11 The remaining men returned from the war and many returned to Williamson County.
Capt. Hiram Mack Burrows, age 39
W. T. Thompson+, listed as Capt.+
1st Lt. John C. Robinson, age 21 (listed as
2nd Lt. John F. Snyder, age 23
2nd Lt. James F. Lewis, age 22
Orderly Sgt. S. D. Lacy, age 29
Quartermaster Sgt. Abe McMordie, age 20
Sgt. G. W. Miller, age 21
Sgt. Thomas D. Holliday, age 26
Sgt. James S. Sublett, age 28
Corp. Henry B. Elliott, age 21
Corp. B. L. Werst, age 26
Corp. Luther Faubion, age 18
Corp. D. T. Standefer, age 20
Bugler O. E. Ward, age 18
Bugler John Graham, age 25
|M. R. Allen*, age 18
Travis Allen, age 22
George W. Anderson, age 18
John Arledge*, age 18
L. S. Bilberry*, age 18
W. H. C. Bomer, age 18
William E. Bouchelle+
J. W. Branch, age 19
W. Henry Bratton, age 25
J. L. Bridges, age 21
E. Brooks, age 18
R. M. Chick, age 23
James H. Clinton, age 22
T. J. Clinton, age 19
J. F. Cloud+
John Cluck*, age 23
Joseph Jackson Cluck, age 25
R. J. Cluck+
Lewis H. Collier, age 25
David S. Cooke+
G. K. Corby+
George Craven*, age 19
J. M. Davidson+
John R. Davis, age 18
Leonard Edwards, age 18
H. D. Elkins, age 27
George Ellington, age 25
W. A. J. Gunn, age 18
J. S. Hail+
John D. Hail, age 20
John Haile*, age 21
N. B. Holder
Robert R. Hyland*, age 21
Francis Marion Innmon, age 27
G. B. Jenkinson*, age 25
Ben Juvenall, age 18
Josiah Juvenall, age 20
Hezekiah Nimrod Kirk, age 18
Otto Krampkan, age 23
S. M. Lackland*, age 25
Samuel Lewis, age 21
John Marrin*, age 28
R. K. McMordie*, age 19
H. M. McNutt+
Haines W. McNutt, age 22
Francis M. Morrison, age 21
James C. Morrison, age 20
F. W. Neatherland+
John Nowack, age 22
Sterling Orgain, age 25
Lafayette Rodgers, age 18
J. H. Rosser+
J. H. Russel
T. H. Seaward, age 23
Benjamin Sellers, age 24
W. F. Sellers, age 18
Wiley Sheffield*, age 18
Samuel E. Snider, age 20
Thomas Snider*, age 21
A. C. Taylor+
T. B. Thaxton, age 18
Thomas W. Thomason, age 20
J. M. Tucker, age 18
B. L. Weast,+
Michael Welch, age 26
John Willis, age 18
Thomas Wilson*, 20
C. W. Wolfgin, age 18
Thomas Woodall, age 18
Abe Wright*, age 29
Transcribed from Muster Roll of Captain H.M. Burrows' Company C, Seventh Texas Mounted Volunteers, War Department Collection of Confederate Records, National Archives, Washington, D.C. Those individuals with an * by their name were not listed on the original muster but joined the company after October 24, 1861.
The Confederate State Roster, Texas -- Unit Roster (1997) includes individuals not found on the earlier rosters. These are designated with + beside the names. Unfortunately, no ages are given in this roster. Discrepancies in spellings of names and ranks are designated with a "+."
George Washington Anderson, Pvt. was actually age 16 when he joined the company. He was the oldest son of Uriah Hardy Anderson and Elizabeth Emilene Gordon Anderson of the Rock House community in Williamson County. The Andersons donated the land for the Rock House School and the pioneer cemetery off Hwy 183. George W. Anderson remained a bachelor and died in 1917 and is buried in the State Cemetery in Austin. In an extract written @1920, Finis Foster Anderson, the nephew of George W. wrote the following:
"Uncle George Anderson served in the Southern Army and fought in the Civil War. I am not sure of his rank but he trained the soldiers. He never married and after the war he became a rock mason. He was a good one. He didn't make much money but did a lot of real hard work taking only about $1 to $2 per month ... just enough for chewing tobacco and clothing."
George W. was reported to have picked up some rather salty language which embarassed the good ladies and corrupted the smaller children. [Information provided by L. Hurston Anderson, great-nephew of G.W. Anderson]
Livingston Severe (L.S.) Bilberry, Pvt., was born in 1839 in Overton Co, Tennessee. He was the 5th of 9 children born to John C. Bilberry and Catherine Casey. He was wounded at Battle of Bisland in the Louisiana Campaign (April 13-14, 1863) [Noel] He married Matha Elizabeth Bilberry on Jun 5, 1868 in Burnet Co, Texas; they had 6 children between 1871 and 1900.
John W. Branch, Pvt., son of James W. Branch and Nancy Matthews, of the Bagdad Community in western Williamson County (near present day Leander). Moved to Williamson County prior to 1850. Cousin to Hezekiah Nimrod Kirk and Francis Marion Innmon. Occupation on 1860 census given as Stock Raiser.
Hiram Mack Burrows, Capt. was a Methodist minister and medical doctor. He was born in 1821 in Clintonville, Kentucky. He married Elizabeth Jane Lewis on April 15, 1850, and they migrated to Texas the next year. Before the war, he preached on the Austin circuit, at the Georgetown mission, and in Belton, Texas. He also served in the Texas militia. Captain Burrows died June 2, 1890, in Dalby Springs, Texas.
Wounded at Battle of Bisland in the Louisiana Campaign (April 13-14, 1863) [Noel]
W. Henry Bratton, Pvt. transferred to Company H, 5th Regiment on January 20, 1862.
J. L. Bridges, Pvt. killed by Indians. [Theophilus Noel, A Campaign From Santa Fe to the Mississippi (186
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with adequate resources and political support from elected and appointed officials to enforce RCRA effectively.
Adopt chemical spills safeguards under the Clean Water Act
The EPA should establish a rule on chemical spills under its Clean Water Act Authority for chemical spills that discharge into the Waters of the United States. In February 2016, the EPA entered into a court-ordered settlement to issue such rules after the disastrous chemical spill in West Virginia’s Elk River. Now the EPA has reversed course, claiming that such rules are unnecessary. Given the major disasters that have occurred at Clean Water Act-permitted facilities, and the likelihood of increasing emergency and disaster situations, the EPA should issue recommended rules on safety and containment.One of the things I absolutely adored as a child is staring at the incredibly intricate and detailed book covers for old hard science fiction novels, and their stunning depictions of what space colonies would look like in the future. Most of them were these massive, vast, spinning feats of engineering that wouldn’t just have their own gravity, but their own entire ecosystems, carefully managed and regulated, complete with plants, trees, atmosphere, farms, everything you can imagine. Granted, it makes sense in the context–if you have a massive space colony that needs to be self-sufficient, this is a great way to do it assuming you have the energy required to power such a colony and technology required to build one.
Still, those colonies haven’t materialized, despite the best predictions of futurists from the 1960s and 70s, although many of them didn’t predict we’d have them by now anyway – most of them looked farther forward to 2050 or so before they estimated humanity would be technologically sophisticated enough to build anything of the like. Until then though, there’s always this project from the folks at the NASA Ames Research Center and Stanford University, under the drive and curation of Princeton physicist Gerard O’Neill, who apparently has the same passion for these beautiful pieces of art as I do.
Hit the link below to see more – they really are something special.A lot of people are afraid of getting food poisoning after a power failure. But a power cut does not automatically mean food wastage - far from it. Do not throw out the entire contents of your refrigerator. A power outage can last up to 6 hours without affecting the food in your fridge. For your freezer, this time can go up to as much as 48 hours without having any impact on your frozen food. That gives you plenty of time!
Always make sure your fridge temperature is between 0 and 4°. If it is, your food products will keep perfectly cool for 4 to 6 hours provided you don’t open the fridge door.
N.B. The better stocked your fridge, the longer your food products will keep fresh.
|Hard cheese, processed cheese||Soft cheese, cream cheese|
|Butter, margarine||Milk, cream, crème fraiche, yoghurt (opened)|
|Yoghurt||Dishes and desserts prepared with raw eggs and cooked eggs|
Vegetable juice (opened), fresh fruit juice, cooked vegetables (including soups), processed raw fruit and vegetables
|Whole fresh fruit and vegetables||Dishes and products prepared with meat, poultry, fish and seafood, whether raw or cooked|
|Pasteurised fruit juice||All ready meals and leftovers|
The temperature should go no higher than -18°. This will keep the foods frozen for 48 hours, as long as you do not open your freezer door and your freezer is properly stocked. Frozen foods keep each other cold, which helps them keep longer. Having said that, if the freezer is only half-stocked, the foods will remain frozen for 24 hours.
|For refreezing||For quick consumption||To be binned|
Food products with the centre still hard
Blocks of hard cheese
Dishes and products prepared with meat, poultry, fish, seafood, dairy products, defrosted eggs...
|Defrosted raw foods as long as their temperature did not exceed 4°, but only after you have been cooked them||Bread, muffins, pastry without cream filling and defrosted fruit||...whether raw or cooked!|
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Potrebbe derivare dal toponimo Lavia, località di Fagagna (UD), oppure da Laviano (SA) o ancora dalla gens latina Lavia.
Tracce di questa cognomizzazione si trovano a Genzano di Lucania (PZ) fin dal 1600, dal 1615 al 1625 è infatti podestà della città Don Tiberio Laviano.
Il cognome Lavia ha un ceppo nell'udinese ed uno nel cosentino.
Lavio e Laviani sono rarissimi.
Laviano, abbastanza raro, ha un ceppo a Napoli, uno nel potentino ed uno in Sicilia nel catanese e nel messinese.
Varianti
Presenza
Popolarità
Il cognome Lavio è 9549° nella regione Puglia
Il cognome Lavio è 3105° nella provincia di Foggia
Il cognome Lavio è 94° nel comune di Sant'Agata di Puglia (FG)Like the Earth, the other planets and moons in our solar system have their own characteristic local surface materials and weather conditions. Scientists wanting to get the most of space-probe visits to these remote places are developing a better understanding of their local parameters and are building appropriate detectors by visiting places on Earth similar to these astronomical bodies.
Last week a team of planetary scientists journeyed to Chott el Jerid, a dry lake in Tunisia. The salt plain there is thought to be one of the nearest approximations to Mars’s high-latitude surface anywhere on Earth. The dry lake is even red just like Mars, owing to iron atoms in the soil.
The scientists, led by Felipe Gomez of the Center for Astrobiology in Madrid, are looking at the sub-surface water, minerals on the surface, and biological samples from the lake, all with the aim of understanding the search for life in locations on Mars with analogous conditions.
Out on the dry lake the temperatures are typically 95 F or more, and internet reception is poor. Nevertheless, Dr. Gomez reported on May 27 that things were going well on the scientific front but not the human front: "Some bad news is that three persons from the team got ill yesterday due to something related to the food or the high temperature. They are feeling better today but we spent some time in Tozeur (a nearby town) looking for a pharmacy. Things are going well otherwise: with the drill we have discovered that there is a second ecosystem underneath the surface. Probably no oxygen and methanogenesis."
This research is sponsored by Europlanet Research Infrastructure, a venture underwritten by the European Union. Other analogous sites scheduled for scrutiny are the Popigai meteorite crater in Siberia and Rio Tinto in Spain, which are thought to mimic other parts of Mars. Another site, the Svalbard archipelago in the Arctic Ocean, is supposed to resemble Jupiter’s moon Europa, while the Kamchatka Peninsula should be a worthy stand-in for Saturn’s moon Titan.
Explore further: NASA's space station Robonaut finally getting legsI protestanti italiani tra l’Otto e il Novecento
Inviato da alex il Ven, 29/10/2010 - 09:09
L'Associazione intitolata al conte fiorentino Piero Guicciardini (1808-1886) ha organizzato a Napoli, dal 22 al 23 ottobre, due giornate di studi su "Il protestantesimo italiano nel Mezzogiorno tra Otto e Novecento".
Il conte Guicciardini, dopo la sua conversione all'evangelismo, svolse una notevole opera missionaria ed ebbe contatti con molti esponenti del mondo religioso. Il XIX secolo registrava nel mondo protestante europeo un grande fermento religioso che ha influenzato anche la penisola italiana, ancora frazionata in piccoli stati.
La stampa della Bibbia del Diodati in lingua italiana come pure l'unità d'Italia sancita nel 1861 contribuirono in larga misura a far crescere l'evangelismo nel nostro Paese.
Si inaugurarono luoghi di culto, furono aperte scuole, si fondarono chiese, si aprirono missioni straniere che poi si radicarono sul ter ritorio. Proprio questo periodo così ricco di passione religiosa ha interessato il convegno, che ha avuto luogo presso l'Istituto per gli Studi Filosofici della capitale campana.
I relatori, per la maggior parte docenti di varie università italiane, hanno affrontato il tema sotto molteplici aspetti: il socialismo, il meridionalismo, l'evangelismo, la diversità denominazionale, il contributo femminile nell'evangelizzazione. Nel corso dei lavori sono state presentate varie realtà evangeliche che hanno operato nel Mezzogiorno tra l'Otto e il Novecento: valdesi, chiese libere, battisti, avventisti, pentecostali, ecc.
La chiesa avventista è stata rappresentata da Dora Bognandi, direttore associato nazionale del dipartimento Affari Pubblici e Libertà Religiosa, che nel suo intervento ha presentato lo sviluppo dell'avventismo nel periodo storico considerato.
L'unità d'Italia ha veramente favo rito la libera circolazione delle idee. I secoli successivi alla Riforma di Lutero erano stati caratterizzati da feroci persecuzioni: non era possibile affermare una convinzione cristiana diversa dalla cattolica, pena la morte o il carcere; con il XIX secolo, nonostante le difficoltà delle minoranze non fossero state del tutto scongiurate, era però possibile fare delle scelte di fede diverse: numerose persone, anche appartenenti a ceti sociali elevati, hanno scelto di vivere un cristianesimo più libero e partecipato.
Nel 2011, varie iniziative organizzate dalle Chiese evangeliche ricorderanno il contributo che i protestanti hanno dato per l'Unità d'Italia e la testimonianza che hanno potuto rendere al nostro paese.
Fonte: notizie avventisteرکود اقتصاد اروپا، روی موج کرونا
به گزارش پایگاه خبری شیرگاه نیوز، موج نو کرونا و اعمال محدودیت های تازه، فرایند بهبود اقتصادی در کشور های عضو اتحادیه اروپا را در ماه های آینده با موانعی روبه رو خواهد نمود. صندوق بین المللی پول در گزارش نو خود درباره منظره شرایط اقتصادی اتحادیه اروپا در سال 2021 اظهار داشت که سرعت رشد اقتصادی در کشور های عضو این اتحادیه در سال آینده میلادی، نسبت به پیش بینی هایی که قبلا شده بود، آهسته تر خواهد بود و ممکن است احتیاج به مشوق های اقتصادی بیشتری با توجه به ادامه همه گیری در سراسر این قاره وجود داشته باشد.
با ما سفر کنید و با تور اروپا از قاره سبز اروپا دیدن کنید و با دریافت خدمات ویزای شینگن از گردش به دور اروپا لذت ببرید.
به گزارش همشهری، صندوق بین المللی پول که در زمینه توسعه همکاری های مالی و تجاری و اقتصاد پایدار در دنیا فعالیت می نماید، در این گزارش نوشت: اقتصاد این منطقه آهسته تر از چیزی که پیش بینی شده بود به سمت احیا حرکت خواهد نمود، مگر اینکه شرایط همه گیری کرونا در ماه های پیش رو تغییر چشمگیری پیدا کند. بر این اساس، احتیاج به حمایت های مالی در آینده بیشتر خواهد شد و دولت ها باید راه حل هایی برای اصلاح قوانین و سیاست های پولی فعلی بیندیشند.
از سوی دیگر، پیش بینی می گردد تورم هم در اتحادیه اروپا افزایش تدریجی داشته باشد، اما به نظر نمی رسد که رقم آن به بالاتر از اندازه هدف میان مدت بانک مرکزی اروپا برسد. تخمین صندوق بین المللی پول برای اقتصاد 19 کشور عضو اتحادیه اروپا، رکود 8.3 درصدی در امسال میلادی و رونق 5.2 درصدی در سال 2021 است.
صندوق هشدار می دهد این احتمال وجود دارد که سرعت آهسته رونق مالی، عواقب طولانی مدتی داشته باشد و فشار زیادی را در آینده به این اتحادیه تحمیل کند. این در حالی است که تنش ها بین انگلیس و اتحادیه اروپا بر سر موضوع برگزیت و خروج این کشور از اتحادیه به پیچیدگی شرایط دامن زده است. انگلیس قرار است تا خاتمه سال 2020 یعنی چند روز دیگر از اتحادیه اروپا جدا گردد و احتمال اینکه 2 طرف بر سر موارد مورد مذاکره به هیچ توافقی نرسند، وجود دارد.
عبور از موج اول
براساس گزارش صندوق بین المللی پول، اتحادیه اروپا به خوبی توانست از موج اول شیوع کرونا عبور کند. واکنش های مناسب هم در سطح ملی و هم در سطح منطقه ای برای بازگرداندن آرامش به بازار مانند پرداخت وام به خانواده ها و صاحبان مشاغل به کاهش تأثیر بحران یاری کرد. بسیاری از کشور های این حوزه با پرداخت سوبسید، تسهیل شرایط پرداخت مالیات و معرفی برنامه های شغلی کوتاه مدت مانند کم کردن ساعت کار به جای تعدیل نیرو، مانع از افزایش بیکاری و تعطیلی کسب وکار ها شدند.
طبق اعلام مرکز آمار اتحادیه اروپا، بهار امسال، فراوری ناخالص داخلی در این منطقه 14.7 درصد کاهش یافت، اما توانست به سرعت خود را احیا و رشد 12.5 درصدی را در تابستان تجربه کند. بعلاوه تعداد افراد شاغل هم در 3 ماهه سوم سال 2020 نسبت به 3 ماهه دوم سال یک درصد افزایش یافت. هم اکنون، اما با توجه به غیرقابل پیش بینی بودن ویروس و سناریو های مختلفی که از تأثیر و سرعت توزیع واکسن ها و دارو ها وجود دارد، هیچ دورنمای قطعی وجود ندارد.
بخش های مختلف مالی اروپا در یک سال گذشته تحت تأثیر بحران کرونا قرار گرفته اند. بیشترین رکود در بخش خدمات مسکن و غذا بود که نسبت به دوران پیش از همه گیری 40 درصد افزایش نشان داد. ساخت وساز با حدود 25 درصد رشد در رتبه بعدی قرار گرفته است. براین اساس، فراوری انرژی ازجمله آب، برق و گاز کمترین آسیب را از همه گیری کرونا متحمل شده است.
این روز ها انگلیس با موج تازه بیماری و گونه نو ویروس روبه روست که باعث شده خیلی از کشورها، پرواز های خود به این کشور را لغو نمایند. کشور هایی مانند ایتالیا و اتریش، برای کنترل همه گیری، محدودیت های نوی را اعمال نموده اند. این اتفاق ها، امید هایی که بعد از شروع توزیع واکسن برای بهبود سریع اوضاع مالی وجود داشت را نقش بر آب نموده است.
توصیه صندوق به اتحادیه اروپا
صندوق بین المللی پول از آنجا که اتحادیه اروپا جهت طولانی تا رونق دوباره مالی را در پیش دارد، توصیه می نماید که مسئولان کشور های عضو به جای سیاست های کلی به سیاست های هدفمند و جزئی روی بیاورند. این صندوق، طرح بسته حمایتی نسل بعد اتحادیه اروپا را اقدام مثبتی می داند، اما تأکید می نماید که تأثیر آن بستگی به اجرای سریع، نحوه هزینه کرد و توان سرعت بخشی به اصلاحات ساختاری را دارد. براساس این طرح که تابستان امسال تصویب شد، اتحادیه اروپا به کشور های عضو که آسیب زیادی از شیوع کرونا دیده اند، 750 میلیارد یورو وام پرداخت می نماید.
بعلاوه توصیه می گردد تا زمانی که شرایط مالی روی ریل پیشرفت قرار بگیرد، ابزار های حفاظتی و مشوق های سرمایه گذاری برای بانک ها درنظر گرفته گردد. این صندوق بعلاوه ضمن حمایت از تصمیم بانک مرکزی اروپا برای افزایش بسته مالی یاریی خود، هشدار داد که اگر شرایط شیوع کرونا بهتر نگردد، ممکن است احتیاج به حمایت های بیشتری وجود داشته باشد.
بانک مرکزی اروپا چند روز پیش بیان کرد که برای یاری به احیای اقتصاد اروپا با توجه به همه گیری، 500 میلیارد یورو به بسته یاریی 1.35 تریلیون یورویی خود اضافه می نماید و آن را به 1.83 تریلیون یورو می رساند. این بانک بعلاوه مهلت ارائه مشوق های مالی به بانک ها را که قرار بود تا آخر بهار 2021 باشد تا آخر زمستان 2022 تمدید کرد.
موضوع دیگر شکاف طبقاتی و نابرابری است که قبل از کرونا هم وجود داشت و بعد از همه گیری، تشدید شد. برای جلوگیری از بیشتر شدن این شکاف باید با برنامه هایی مانند تقویت شبکه اجتماعی و برگزاری دوره های آموزشی، حمایت ویژه ای از گروه های محروم و جوانان گردد، زیرا این قشر معمولا در بخش های مالی که بیشترین ضربه را از کرونا دیده اند و معمولا امکان دورکاری ندارند، فعالیت می نمایند.منبع: فراروIl forte Bekal è vicino al villaggio Pallikkara nel distretto Kasargod ed è uno dei meglio conservati nello stato meridionale. Il forte diffusione oltre quaranta ettari, ha le pareti massicce di circa 12 metri di altezza ed è costruito con pietre laterite locali. Si tratta di una grande forte, il muro e bastioni in riva al mare di essere forte e intervallati dai bastioni con le aperture per le pistole. La porta principale è verso est ed è stata protetta da bastioni. Un fossato circonda la fortezza sul lato terra. Le caratteristiche importanti di questo forte sono il serbatoio con una scalinata, l’apertura del tunnel verso sud, la rivista per mantenere munizioni, e un’ampia rampa che porta alla torre di osservazione.
Questa torre offre una vista affascinante della zona circostante. Da lì si ha un ampio panorama di tutti i posti importanti nelle vicinanze e ha anche il significato strategico di accertare la sicurezza del forte. I vuoti nelle massicce mura laterite sono stati utilizzati per l’immissione fucili.ReadWriteThink couldn't publish all of this great content without literacy experts to write and review for us. If you've got lessons plans, activities, or other ideas you'd like to contribute, we'd love to hear from you.
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un sistema di organizzazione sociale altamente dinamico e dotato di grande capacità di adattamento. Quando l’eco-marxista Jason Moore scrive in Antropocene o Capitalocene? che “i limiti della civiltà capitalista comprendono le realtà biofisiche, ma non sono riducibili a esse”, centra perfettamente l’obiettivo (anche se non condivido in toto la sua riflessione, ma è un’altra storia).
Ragionare sui prezzi di energia e materie prime utilizzando come unici strumenti l’EROEI o il grado di concentrazione dei minerali conduce, infatti, a ripetere il medesimo errore di Ehrlich. Riorganizzazione aziendale, strumenti finanziari e sovvenzioni permettono di intraprendere e sviluppare, almeno per un po’ di tempo, attività produttive in perdita; i periodi di crisi, se non sono talmente violenti da compromettere definitivamente il funzionamento dell’intero sistema (e storicamente non si sono mai spinti a tanto), come vedremo possono creare le condizioni favorevoli per la ripresa. Su queste premesse, all’estremo opposto dei picchisti troviamo i sostenitori del BAU (d’ora in avanti semplicemente ‘sviluppisti’) secondo i quali, grazie in particolare al meccanismo dei prezzi e al progresso tecnologico, è possibile superare qualsiasi penuria di risorse permettendo ciò che la fisica nega con con decisione, ossia una crescita infinita su di un pianeta finito.
Questo articolo, senza la minima pretesa di sistematicità, tenta di analizzare alcuni elementi che concorrono alla resistenza del BAU, allo scopo di rimarcare aspetti troppo spesso sfuggiti sia ai picchisti sia agli sviluppisti.
Crisi catartiche
Le narrazione marxiste e picchiste presentano un carattere fortemente apocalittico, nel senso che, per ragioni differenti, immaginano una resa dei conti finali con collasso irrimediabile del capitalismo/BAU. I precedenti storici hanno dimostrato che la spirale recessiva si innesca molto prima di raggiungere la soglia del tracollo senza ritorno, fungendo quindi da prezioso salvavita. Tanti economisti, ispirati dal concetto di distruzione creatrice di Joseph Schumpeter, ritengono che le crisi abbiano una funzione catartica e rigeneratrice: infatti, in virtù dei gravi effetti sociali che provocano, oltre a eliminare dal mercato i soggetti più deboli determinano un’artificiosa abbondanza di manodopera e materie prime utili al sistema per riassestarsi e tornare a crescere su nuove basi. Questo alternarsi ciclico di crisi/riprese economiche porta il nome di onde di Kondratieff e la loro fluttuazione, secondo i manuali, sarebbe in gran parte determinata dagli effetti sociali dell’avanzamento tecnico e scientifico stimolato dagli sforzi per superare la recessione.
Fonte: Wikipedia
Ragionando in astratto ignorando i limiti fisici del pianeta, tutto si limiterebbe alla fortuna di nascere nel momento giusto per godersi appieno la fase ascendente di ciascuna ondata. Analizzando però le fluttuazioni del prezzo del petrolio negli ultimi cinquant’anni in rapporto ai tassi di crescita del PIL, si scopre una realtà meno edulcorata:
La grande ondata ascendente dell’economia successiva alla seconda guerra mondiale – ossia il boom economico dei ‘trenta gloriosi’ – è stata contrassegnata da un prezzo al barile che non ha mai superato i $20, ed è terminata con la crisi del Kippur e la conseguente impennata del greggio. La seconda ondata ascendente, relativa al periodo 1990-2005, è stata segnata da prezzi del petrolio mediamente più alti rispetto al boom e (pertanto) tassi di crescita inferiori, che hanno segnato la fine delle speranze del terzo mondo di svilupparsi alla maniera occidentale, la messa in discussione delle conquiste socialdemocratiche in materia di welfare e diritto del lavoro, il crollo del socialismo reale, unitamente all’intensificarsi del degrado ecologico.
Politici, economisti, banchieri imprenditori e giornalisti, da un anno a questa parte, ripetono all’unisono che la crisi non è ancora finita ma che la locomotiva economica, pur con qualche inceppamento, si è rimessa in moto e che una ripresa duratura è vicina. E’ plausibile che un terzo ciclo ascendente dal dopoguerra a oggi abbia inizio, ma è meglio stemperare gli entusiasmi perché, forse, si è riusciti momentaneamente ad arginare l’emergenza del picco del petrolio convenzionale, tuttavia i recenti assestamenti del prezzo del greggio fanno intendere che ciò potrà accadere solamente in un range di almeno $60-80 a barile, con ripercussioni inevitabili sui tassi di crescita (le stime più ottimistiche del Fondo Monetario per il prossimo decennio non superano il 4% annuo) e relative conseguenze a livello sociale (e ambientale).
Insomma, il capitalismo/BAU ogni volta che è sembrato agonizzante è riuscito a rialzare la testa ma, se fino al boom economico è risorto giovane e forte alla maniera dell’araba fenice, dagli anni Settanta sembra ogni volta rinascere dal cimitero degli animali descritto nel romanzo Pet Sematary di Stephen King, da dove i morti sepolti tornano sì in vita, ma più brutti e incattiviti.
Tecnologia
L’argomentazione tecnologica è quella prediletta dagli sviluppisti per difendere la sostenibilità a oltranza del BAU e ha ricevuto formulazioni ‘scientifiche’ grazie a Solow, Nordhaus e altri studiosi; tutti abbiamo in mente i peana decantanti il progresso tecnico che si fa beffe delle fobie catastrofiste. In realtà, la questione è un tantino più complessa.
Innanzitutto, senza scomodare antropologi e sociologi che hanno tracciato parallelismi tra lo spirito del capitalismo e le cerimonie di potlatch nelle culture native americane, è indubbio che lo spreco rappresenti un elemento intrinseco del BAU, anche perché fondamentale per la crescita del suo pilastro fondante, il PIL. Se pensiamo alle soluzioni adottate per fronteggiare la crisi petrolifera degli anni Settanta, alcune meritano effettivamente di essere annoverate come avanzamenti tecnici – penso all’applicazione dei ritrovati dell’information technology nella produzione industriale e nella gestione aziendale, ad esempio – in altri casi si è semplicemente tappata qualche falla del secchio con rimedi banali che sarebbero stati sempre a portata di mano. Nel settore dei trasporti, è bastato ridurre le cilindrate e introdurre piccoli miglioramenti di efficienza per ottenere risultati significativi; la conversione dei veicoli pesanti da motorizzazione benzina a diesel ha sortito i medesimi effetti; l’industria degli elettrodomestici per la prima volta si è interessata al problema energetico e ha introdotto anch’essa semplici ma efficaci soluzioni. Il motore a scoppio probabilmente è giunto al culmine dell’efficienza, ma è innegabile che, alleggerendo le vetture da tanti inutili orpelli e riducendo le potenze a valori compatibili con le prescrizioni del codice della strada (alla maniera della Twingo SmILE commissionata da Greenpeace negli anni Novanta), sarebbe possibile una mobilità meno impattante sui consumi senza abbassare particolarmente gli standard. Il discorso potrebbe proseguire analizzando la filiera alimentare e a tanti altri ambiti dove regnano sovrani sprechi insensati (quanto redditizzi).
Ovviamente, come qualsiasi picchista ben sa, lo sviluppo di efficienza associato alla ricerca della crescita esponenziale è destinato a subire la maledezione del fantasma di Stanley Jevons e, dall’inizio dell’era industriale a oggi, assistiamo alla pantomima per cui agli effetti del paradosso di Jevons si reagisce perfezionando ulteriormente l’efficienza, giusto per finirne nuovamente vittime; quindi si reclama un ulteriore intervento salvifico della tecnologia ecc. In ogni caso, il ‘disaccoppiamento’ (‘decoupling) energia/PIL è stato sensibile nell’ultimo ventennio del XX secolo, per poi stabilizzarsi.
E’ da notare inoltre che, contrariamente alla vulgata sviluppista, il BAU se necessario sa tornare all’antico e ripescare soluzioni precedentemente scartate perché ritenute scarsamente competitive. Tornando alla crisi petrolifera, il mancato avvento del nucleare come fonte dominante è stato affrontato con il prepotente ritorno in auge di carbone e gas naturale, combustibili sotto tanti punti di vista inferiori al petrolio.
Medesimo discorso vale per la tanta osannata shale revolution, basata sulla tecnica della fratturazione idraulica, le cui origini risalgono addirittura all’ Ottocento e che nessuno si sarebbe sognato di riproporre in caso di abbondanti risorse convenzionali.
Questa breve dissertazione sulla tecnologia ci dimostra che, contrariamente alle aspettative di Schumpeter e seguaci, la caratteristica saliente del capitalismo non è la capacità di innovazione bensì lo spirito di adattamento (dote assente al socialismo sovietico, che infatti non è sopravvissuto al primo serio shock petrolifero). Il progressivo esaurimento del greggio a basso prezzo non è stato superato virtuosamente cedendo la leadership a nucleare o rinnovabili, ma puntellando la produzione tramite giacimenti più costosi (offshore, Alaska, petroli non convenzionali) e infondendo una seconda giovinezza a carbone e gas. Se la causa energetica scatenante la fine dei ‘trenta gloriosi’ è stata arginata con soluzioni di serie B (e poi di serie C), allora non devono sorprendere successivi cicli di Kondratieff, sul piano qualitativo, altrettanto di serie B (e poi altrettanto di serie C).
Debito
Il debito è una risorsa preziosa del capitalismo/BAU troppo spesso sottovalutata dai critici dello sviluppo. Indebitandoti puoi spendere denaro che non possiedi e intraprendere attività produttive in perdita, equivale ad esempio a utilizzare energia di cui non si dispone. Secondo Gail Tverberg, il debito rappresenta il link tra economia ed energia che sfugge concentrandosi solamente sull’EROEI e altri aspetti prettamente scientifici: l’indebitamento è stato, ad esempio, il salvagente delle imprese impegnate nell’estrazione dello shale per contrastare le tante avversità (chiaramente la bolla speculativa rischia di scoppiare da un momento all’altro); è utile anche per calmierare gli effetti sociali dell’aumento del prezzo delle commodity, dando respiro simultaneamente a produttori e consumatori. Ovviamente, il meccanismo funziona in caso di crescita economica che ripaghi adeguatramente il debito (vedi keynesismo postbellico), altrimenti – ed è storia recente – il suo effetto è simile alla crescita incontrollabile di una metastasi cancerosa.
Sfruttamento umano
Marxisti e liberali si sono sempre fronteggiati su sponde opposte per quanto riguarda la problematica della caduta tendenziale del saggio di profitto. Secondo Marx, gli investimenti crescenti in macchinari al fine di competere sul mercato avrebbe necessariamente condotto, per salvaguardare i profitti, a estrarre maggior plusvalore (cioé lavoro gratuito) e a comprimere i salari, provocando alla lunga una crisi di sovraproduzione che sarebbe dovuta sfociare nella rivoluzione proletaria; per i liberali, invece, l’aumentata produttività garantita dal progresso tecnico (sempre lui!), contenendo le spese, avrebbe liberato risorse per salvaguardare i diritti dei lavoratori.
Nella realtà dei fatti, il mondo imprenditoriale si è dimostrato molto più ecumenico ricorrendo a entrambe le strategie. Oggi l’espressione marxiana “esercito industriale di riserva” è tornata prepotentemente di moda, spesso in maniera abusata, per riferirsi alle recenti ondate migratorie dal sud del mondo; al di là della propaganda, trovo peculiare che, a partire dagli anni Ottanta, l’intensificazione dello sfruttamento tramite la delocalizzazione produttiva e le pratiche del cosiddetto postfordismo sia servito per compensare mancate (o insufficienti) innovazioni tecnologiche. Scrive Paolo Leon ne Il capitalismo e lo stato:
I beni prodotti e i processi produttivi non sono diversi da quelli dei Paesi di vecchia industrializzazione, e anche se la ricerca procede prevalentemente da questi, la manifattura è esportata. La globalizzazione è come una nuova tecnica superiore. È interessante notare che la superiorità, in questo caso è più organizzativa che tecnica, e dipende dall’accentuato sfruttamento dei lavoratori dei Paesi emergenti. Questo sfruttamento esercita un’influenza sullo sfruttamento nei Paesi ricchi, e la globalizzazione, pur tecnica superiore, contiene elmenti di un gioco a somma zero, perché la crescita dei Paesi emergenti avviene anche ai danni della crescita dei Paesi ricchi.
Altrattanto interessante è l’opinione di Stefano Liberti nella conclusione de I signori del cibo, in riferimento al caporalato legato alla raccolta dei pomodori nell’Italia meridionale:
… questi ultimi [gli immigrati sfruttati dai caporali, n.d.r.] non sono schiavi. Sono impiegati a giornata, certamente ricattabili e quasi del tutto privi di potere negoziale, ma che nessuno costringe a lavorare in catene. La distinzione non è un mero esercizio semantico: definendo questi braccianti schiavi e dando al fenomeno una coloratura arcaica, quasi marginale, lo si relativizza, riducendolo al rango di anomalia locale. Invece, il sistema non riguarda solo il Sud Italia con le sue sacche di illegalità e d’intermediazione illecita… Il bracciantato regolato dai caporali in Puglia è l’espressione di un movimento che si dispiega a livello planetario.
Questo movimento è la diretta conseguenza dell’offensiva delle aziende-locusta che lavorano sui grandi numeri, trasportano i prodotti alimentari da un capo all’altro del pianeta e si assicurano margini di guadagno grazie alle loro economie di scala, ai loro network commerciali e politici, alla loro potenza di fuoco. Sono i gruppi che muovono le navi-container piene di soia dal Brasile ai porti cinesi e i carichi di pomodoro concentrato dagli stessi porti verso altre direzioni. Sono quelli che riunchiudono in capannoni centinaia di migliaia di maiali nutrendoli con la soia brasiliana. Sono quelli che inscatolano ed esportano il tonno che sta scomparendo dai nostri mari. Sono quelli che comprano il pomodoro raccolto dai bambini nello Xinjang pagati un tot al metro o dagli africani senza documenti nel Sud Italia pagati un tot a cassone.
Nel mondo globalizzato, high tech e sfruttamento dal sapore arcaico non solo convivono ma sono complementari l’uno all’altro nel tentativo di arginare i costi produttivi. In assenza di un nuovo Prometeo capace di ereditare la leadership del petrolio, microelettronica e reti informatiche si sono assunte l’onere non solo di ottimizzare i flussi di materie prime contenendo gli sprechi, ma anche di coordinare la nuova divisione internazionale del lavoro caratterizzata dalla precarizzazione dei diritti sindacali in Occidente, dallo sfruttamento intensivo nei paesi emergenti e dalla reintroduzione di pratiche strette parenti della schiavitù.
Caduta socialismo reale e ascesa Cina
Il crollo del socialismo reale e la svolta cinese in favore dell’economia di mercato dopo la scomparsa di Mao Tse Tung sono stati eventi epocali che possono aver compromesso le previsioni picchiste, talora elaborate negli anni Settanta (o anche prima, vedi Hubbert) e, allo stesso tempo, possono aver esaltato eccessivamente gli animi sviluppisti. Comunque sia, il capitalismo ha potuto attingere manodopera, terreni e materie prime a basso costo nonché nuove schiere di consumatori, che gli hanno infuso una seconda (anche se abbastanza breve, per la verità) giovinezza.
La sostituzione di macchinari obsoleti con altri occidentali più efficienti forse ha falsato un po’ le carte per quanto riguarda la portata complessiva del progresso tecnologico. Ad esempio, secondo il database on line della IEA, tra il 1990 e il 2015 nei paesi OCSE l’intensità energetica (PIl/consumo energia primaria) è aumentata del 43% circa, mentre in quelli non-OCSE euroasiatici (quasi tutti ex comunisti) addirittura dell’80%. Se dal 2000 a oggi, a livello globale, l’efficienza energetica non mostra particolari progressi, ciò potrebbe essere ricondotto anche alla conclusione del processo di riconversione industriale nell’ex cortina di ferro.
Ancora LTG
Amato od odiato a seconda dei punti di vista, World3 – il modello dinamico computerizzato adottato per le simulazioni de I limiti dello sviluppo ( Limits To Growth in inglese, d’ora in avanti LTG) – nonostante si avvicini alla cinquanta primavere rimane un potente strumento per analizzare le interazioni tra crescita demografica, inquinamento, produzione industriale e agricoltura.
Il cosidetto scenario-base prevede un collasso dell’economia a partire dalle prime due decadi del XXI secolo e, quando è scoppiata la crisi del 2008, non sono stato l’unico ad aver gridato “al lupo, al lupo!”.
In realtà, questo scenario immagina che il tracollo (dovuto all’azione sinergica delle diverse variabili) si scateni principalmente sotto forma di crisi alimentare, in maniera analoga a quanto sostenuto da Ehrlich e altri negli anni Settanta. Tuttavia, benché l’impennata del petrolio tra il 2005 e il 2010 si fosse ripercossa anche sui costi dell’agricoltura, con gravi conseguenze sull’accesso al cibo, l’emergenza è poi rientrata una volta crollato il prezzo del greggio.
Uno studio del 2008 di Graham Turner ha dimostrato che, rispetto allo scenario base, l’umanità è riuscita a disporre di maggiori risorse naturali, ragion per cui ha potuto sostenere gli sforzi di agricoltura e industria; attribuisco questo merito al mix di indebitamento – sfruttamento – progresso/regresso tecnologico che ha contraddistinto gli ultimi quarant’anni; inoltre, gli ecosistemi hanno dimostrato una capacità di assorbimento degli inquinanti leggermente migliore di quella prospettata.
Prima di relegare sdegnosamente World3 nel dimenticatoio, è opportuno considerare con più attenzione lo scenario numero due di LTG,
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land made to the railroads of 1866. Many bills were introduced in Congress to ratify the Okmulgee constitution, and some named the territory to be created "OKLAHOMA." (This name, Oklahoma, having been suggested to the Commissioner at the Ft. Smith council by Rev. Allen Wright of the Choctaws.)
The Okmulgee constitution had met the approval of the department at Washingon. Mr. Delano, then Secretary of the Interior, in giving the official sanction of the government to the establishment of an Indian territorial government, under the supervision of the United States government, said, that his convictions were that as this council had been held under authority of law, and it had resulted in a form of government adopted by the Indians themselves, that it had established a central government in the Indian Territory. The trouble was, in adopting the constitution, or an organic law for the Indian Territory consolidating the tribes all under one government, that when the work of the Okmulgee constitution had to be submitted to the legislative bodies of the five tribes for approval, the councils of the five tribes did not approve of the so called constitution and repudiated the whole proposition.
The reader may find the full proceedings of that Okmulgee council of the Indian Territory in Vol. 3, Chronicles of Oklahoma, 1925, beginning on page 33, April number and continued on page 120 of the June number, and concluded beginning on page 216, September 1925. This last number contains the "Constitution of the Indian Territory" as adopted by the council and rejected by the tribal Indian governments.
As soon as these treaties, known as the treaties of 1866, were consummated and duly ratified they were in full force and effect. The Department of the Interior began at once to remove Indians from the reservations in Kansas to reservations on the land acquired in these treaties with the Five Civilized tribes. So certain that these Indians were to be removed that reservations had practically been selected in the Indian territory before the treaty was ratified. As soon as they had selected their land in the Indian territory, by most of them acre for acre of the land that they were occupying in Kansas, their removal to the new home was commenced. When they abandoned their reservations in Kansas, those reservations became part of the public domain of that state. This land was occupied by white settlers under the homestead and pre-emption laws from 1866 until 1878. Nearly every tribe referred to as occupying land in Kansas had been removed to Indian territory, and still there was unoccupied land in the Indian Territory. The government then decided that it would make Oklahoma the rendezvous of other Indian tribes from other states.
After the Modoc War of 1872-73 the remnants of that small tribe was removed from Oregon to be absorbed by the Cherokees in the northeast corner of their reservation. When the Indian reservations were removed from Kansas and Nebraska, the members of congress from those two states were no longer interested in moving Indians into the Indian territory. In fact they would much prefer not having their neighboring territory filled with representatives of the wild tribes. A change of sentiment came
over the people and the general impression was that there were enough Indians in the Indian territory and, as for removing the Indians from the north, they would have the stubborn opposition of the Indians themselves.
These removals had been made, up to this time, without any special act of Congress, but the Indian department was using the funds appropriated for the expense of that department for the removal of these Indians and the department assumed the authority to bring these Indians into Oklahoma. After the Sioux War and the Little Big Horn fight in 1876 where Custer and his entire command lost their lives, the people in the north would have been glad to have seen all of the Sioux moved south into the Indian territory country. Shortly after that gold was discovered in the Black Hills, which was on the Indian reservations, that country was over-run with white settlers. Of course the Indians objected to this intrusion by the whites and having their rights completely ignored, but nothing could stay the encroachment of the whites into the gold fields on the reservation. A proposition was at once advanced to remove 20,000 Sioux, and affiliated tribes into the outlet—the government to purchase the land under the treaty with the Cherokees of 1866. This proposition had the approval of the gold seekers and the people living in the north part of the United States, but Kansas objected and Texas objected and the Indians of the Five tribes objected, as these lands were to be given only to friendly tribes of Indians, and they did not regard the Sioux as desirable neighbors. As before stated, the department had been removing the Indians without any special legislation and had been using the funds appropriated in the Indian appropriation bill to pay the expense of said removals. When the Indian appropriation bill came up for consideration in the House, February 15, 1877, Mr. Roger Q. Mills, of Texas, offered to amend the bill, adding to the first paragraph the following provisos:6
"Provided, That nothing in this act shall be construed to authorize the removal of the Sioux Indians to the Indian Territory; and the President of the United States is hereby directed to prohibit the removal of any portion of the Sioux Indians to the Indian Territory until the same shall be authorized by an act of Congress hereafter enacted."
This amendment brought on a great deal of discussion. The people from the north and from the eastern states were in favor of the removal of the Sioux into the Cherokee Strip, or into any other unoccupied land in the Indian territory.
Speaking to his amendment, Mr. Roger Q. Mills said: " I hope, Mr. Speaker, I may have the attention of the House. I feel my duty to my constituents requires I should oppose the passage of this bill without the utmost guarantee possible to be written by human hands against the transfer of the Sioux Indians to the Indian Territory.
"Gentlemen say that is wholly unnecessary because the law which authorizes the transfer of these Indians to the Indian Territory has been stricken out of the bill and there is no law to authorize it. We are in the same condition we were twelve months ago, when the Commissioner of Indian Affairs brought before this House a bill to authorize the negotiation of a treaty with the Sioux Indians. The friends who take the view of this question I do, in conjunction with myself, opposed that bill until the Committee on Indian Affairs would agree to a provision absolutely prohibiting the transfer of those Indians to the Indian Territory.
"Why did we do it? Because it is known to all gentlemen here that it is a favorite project of the Administration to concentrate all the Indians throughout the whole United States which can possibly be concentrated there upon that Indian territory; and without positive interdiction of law they will continue to do it. They have done it. They do not wait for authority of law. I want to lay down the interdiction at their feet, saying 'You shall not do it;' and then the President of the United States cannot upon that undertake to go on and put these Indians down there. This would be much the better plan for the Indians themselves, and I am not their advocate; it would be much the better plan for the people living in the States adjacent to the Indian Territory, and much the better plan for the Indians living on that territory and trying to become civilized, who are reaching far up to the comforts of civilization which they desire to enjoy, as well as their white brethren who live around them. It would be unjust to them to place in their midst an element which it is impossible to civilize, and when, with all the appliances the gentle-
man has exercised toward them for many years, they are today as savage as they ever have been."7
Here Mr. Roger Mills, the brilliant statesman from Texas, who still holds the floor, quoted at length from the testimony of an army officer, General Stanley, to the effect that Sioux Indians were not civilized and would not make good neighbors. Mr. Mills continues in behalf of his amendment:
"The only spot in the Indian Territory the Commissioner of Indian Affairs had is a piece of territory obtained from the Creek Indians, and which he obtained on the plighted faith of the Government it would not put upon that spot of land as neighbors any but civilized Indians. When the Commissioner of Indian Affairs, without authority of law, sent gentlemen to negotiate with these Sioux Indians he instructed them to press upon them that they had to go upon the Indian territory, and if they did not go there their rations would be cut off. When that treaty was signed by many of the Sioux chiefs, they came and touched the pen with the declaration that they signed the treaty with the understanding, 'We are not to leave the land of our fathers, and you must go and tell our Father at Washington so.' Notwithstanding that, they have compelled this people to enter into a treaty and send delegates to select the territory the Creek Indians said should not be yielded to any but civilized Indians. This will carry 35,000 irreconcilable savages into the midst of those people who have been struggling for civilization. It will turn them loose upon the State of Texas, which, as the commissioner himself says in his letter, will be an inviting feast to them. Turn them loose there! And he says he will send more troops, more cavalry, down there to guard them. But send 35,000 Sioux to go with the Comanche and, Kiowa Indians, and then there will be no peace on the borders of Texas, no peace in Missouri, no peace in Arkansas, and no peace in Kansas; and the very sparks of civilization itself that have been struggling into existence in the Indian Territory
7It will be remembered that this speech was delivered nearly 60 years ago and since that time both death and education have wrought great changes in all the so called savage tribes. Thousands of the members of the wild tribes are now good farmers and progressive citizens. The Sioux Indians living in the northern states have become almost a self-supporting people and Indian wars are unknown to this generation of Indians.
will be put out in utter darkness forever. These, sir, are the reasons why I object."
Not only did Mills speak in behalf of his amendment, but he had the assistance of his colleagues from Texas, Reagan and Throckmorton. In the course of a short speech favoring the Mills amendment to the Indian appropriation bill, Mr. Throckmorton said:
"The gentleman from Nebraska thinks it perhaps best that these Indians should go to the Indian Territory. Those of us representing the States adjacent to that territory think differently. Already the Government has colonized over eighteen thousand wild Indians there. The Cheyennes and Arapahoes from the north, and the Apaches from New Mexico, besides our own southern Indians, the Comanches, Kiowas, and other tribes, are colonized there and immediately on the border of Texas. To place these northern Sioux there would be unjust to Texas and the neighboring States and an outrage upon the Cherokees, Creeks, Choctaws, and Chickasaws. What would the gentlemen from Nebraska think if we should attempt to send the wild Indians of the south into Nebraska? We, sir, would stand here and aid him to resist such policy. We ask you that these northern savages shall not be sent down on us. I hope the bill will be defeated if the amendment is not adopted."
The amendment of the gentleman from Texas was adopted and the fear that the government would locate the entire Sioux tribe, banished forever.
This was a crisis in the future life of the great state of Oklahoma. Its solution was the decree for the establishment of a future state in the American Union instead of a great Indian reservation in the heart of the United States. To Hon. Roger Q. Mills and the Texas delegation in the 44th Congress, 1877, we are largely indebted for saving Oklahoma and making it a state inhabited by both white and Indians. In appreciation of the service of Roger Mills we have named a county in western Oklahoma, Roger Mills County.
Some three years previous to the proposition to locate the Sioux Indians in Oklahoma, the government under the administration of Gen. U. S. Grant, had turned the department of Indian
Affairs over to the religious sect known as Quakers. These Quaker agents who were in charge of all Indian Agencies were instructed to assist in carrying out the President's policy of concentrating all Indians into the territory that now constitutes the State of Oklahoma. In the old records of the Sac and Fox agency, now in the custody of the Oklahoma Historical Society, we have the following letter:
Lawrence, Kansas, 10/31 1873
John H. Pickering
This letter will introduce to thy acquaintance Maj. J. H. Stout, Agent for the Pimas Indians in Arizona, he has with him a delegation of Indians, and visits the Indian Territory with a view to selecting a location for the tribes, numbering about Forty Five Hundred persons, he proposes to examine the counry west of the Sac and Fox Reserve, between the Red Fork of the Arkansas, and the North Fork of the Canadian, also a section North of the Red Fork, and also perhaps west of the Pottawatomies and Absentee Shawnees, between the North Fork and the Canadian. Thou wilt render the Agent and his party whatever assistance he may need to enable him to accomplish the purpose as indicative,
It would seem by reading this letter that the Grant Administration proposed putting all those Arizona Indians in the unoccupied land which was later opened to settlement April 22, 1889. If this plan had been consummated there would have been no eventful April 22, and no '89-ers association—nor would there have been an Oklahoma City, with more than 200,000 people, the capital of a great state, yet how narrowly this was averted. Could this have been the result of accident or chance?
It would seem that even after the defeat of the proposition to bring the Sioux from the North, by the Forty-fourth Congress
in 1877, the department still had in mind to bring the Arizona Indians to Oklahoma. And the same proposition had to be all fought over in the Forty-fifth Congress (1878). One of Oklahoma's champions was Thos. J. Crittenden of Missouri. He went further than the defenders of Oklahoma in the Forty-fourth Congress by saying: "I am in favor of opening up the Territory so that all classes of men can go into it and civilize it and make it the resting place and home for white men as well as for Indians."
In further remarks this great Missourian said:
"As one of the Representatives of Missouri, I enter a solemn protest against the admission of any more Indians to this Territory. I see there is a disposition in the minds of some of the Representatives on this floor to have the Indians removed from their States and Territories to other States and Territories. They are acting upon the principle of self-defense. Now, we from the States of Kansas, Texas, Arkansas, Missouri, and other adjoining States, say that we will act upon the same principle and protest against the removal of another Indian to the Indian Territory."
After a very extended and acrimonious discussion, taking up several pages in the Congressional Record, in which charges and countercharges were made by the members, the following amendment to a section of the Indian appropriation bill was offered, to-wit: "And the President of the United States is hereby directed to prohibit the removal of any portion of said tribes of Indians to the Indian Territory, unless the same shall be hereafter authorized by Act of Congress." (The Indians referred to in this amendment were "Apaches and other Indians in Arizona and New Mexico.") The question was taken and there were: Yeas 98; Nays 94, with 100 not voting, so the amendment carried by a small majoiity. After the passage of this amendment to the Indian Appropriation bill, December 19, 1878, there were no more Indians moved to the Indian Territory—excepting Geronimo's band of San Carlos Apaches that were brought to Ft. Sill from Florida as prisoners of war.
The passage of this amendment prohibiting the locating of other tribes of Indians upon the public lands in the Indian Territory opened a new vista to adventurers and prospective home-seekers. It left in the very heart of the Indian Territory a tract
of land of more than 2,500,000 acres which was a part of the cession of the Creek and Seminole in the treaty of 1866 which had been sold to the government for the purpose of locating "friendly tribes and freedmen." From the land originally ceded back to the government by these two tribes, or nations, reservations had been selected and occupied by the Pottawatomies, Shawnees, Sac and Fox, Iowas, and Kickapoos and still there was land left while there could be no more Indians brought into the Territory to occupy it. The anomalous condition of the title to this land was soon brought to the attention of Congress—and to the country. Many members agreed that it was public domain and was therefore subject to homestead entry, however, a commission was appointed to confer with the two tribes for the purpose of lifting the cloud from the title by annulling the clause that provided for the location of other Indians. Among the prominent men who claimed that this tract was a part of the public domain was that progressive Cherokee, Elias Boudinot. The entire Cherokee Outlet of over seven million acres was not occupied except that it was leased by that nation to the Cherokee Livestock Association, but, however, under the provisions of the treaty concluded in July 1866, the United States had the right to purchase this vast tract. This, too, was potential territory for white settlement.
All of these questions were under consideration at the last session of the Forty-fifth Congress. Among the employes were many soldiers, one of whom was David L. Payne who was doorkeeper of the House of Representatives. Payne was a Kansan, an ex-officer in the state militia of Kansas and a veteran in the regular army. Though but an employee he was consulted often by the Kansas delegation for no man knew the Indian territory country, or was better acquainted with the situation than he.
Upon the adjournment of Congress, Payne hastened back to his home state and began the campaign often referred to in the Chronicles as "the Boomer movement." "The whole world knows the result:" Pres. Benj. Harrison issued a proclamation March 23, 1889, declaring that the 2,500,000 acre tract of land in the heart of Indian Territory, known as Oklahoma, to be a part of the public domain and that it would be opened to homestead settlement April 22, 1889. (It seemed to be one of those decrees
of fate that Payne, like Moses, never lived to occupy "the promised land.") The opening of the more than 2,500,000 acres, constituting the original Oklahoma, was the entering wedge which tore asunder the old Indian Territory plan of government so that an American State, with all the rights, privileges and protection to its citizens enjoyed by other states, might be established here.
But why follow the miraculous story of Oklahoma's creation any further? Is it not all written in the books? Even the school children are familiar with its history since the days of its opening in 1889. They have read of the opening of one reservation after another (after allotment had been made to the Indians of 160 acres each); they have read of the passage of the Organic Act which established a Territorial government that existed from May 2
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上海那样的规模化新冠疫情。
北京会不会出现规模化新冠疫情？我们先从以下三个方面看北京是如何响应的。
第一，居安思危、提前准备。在今年三月份时，北京市已经开始自问，香港、吉林和上海都出现了规模化的新冠疫情，这种情况会不会发生在北京？虽然现在还没有发生在北京，但这并不代表以后不会出现北京。出现规模化疫情前，是否有哪些苗头？是否有什么客观、可测量的预警指标？我们该如何防范规模化疫情的发生？当一个地方政府能够提前思考这类风险问题，并着手准备迎战这种可能发生的风险，应该说北京是有充分准备的。
第二，措施果断、迅速有力。在4月份北京出现几条传播链，有疫情抬头的苗头时，北京市果断出手，及时落实了以高频率、广覆盖的核酸筛查为主要手段的新冠疫情防控综合性措施。这些措施，初步摸清了全市疫情的基本情况，为实施精准防控、斩断传播链条提供了及时、有价值的信息，同时，及时采取了封控、隔离、居家办公等多种措施并举的措施，对病毒实施围追堵截，封堵了病毒的主要传播渠道。这些措施，及时、有效地控制了病毒在北京市的传播扩散。
第三，数据真实、规模可控。北京市每天公布的疫情数据中，不仅报告每天新发现的感染者人数、确诊病例和无症状感染者人数，还公布每天核酸检测混合管的阳性数。为了提高检测效率，人群筛查通常采用1：5或者1：10混管检测策略，即5个人或10个人的咽拭子标本放在一个试管检测，如果阴性，不再检测；如果阳性，还需要回头对每个人重新采样检测。从混合管阳性，到追查到具体某个人阳性，是需要时间的。北京市把混合管检测结果公布，把疫情信息与社会分享又提前了一步。这体现了北京市对自己能力的自信和对控制疫情的信心。从这几天北京报告的疫情来看，最高两天超过了70例，近几天波动在40-50例左右。更重要的是，约95%的感染者都是在管控人群中发现，社区筛查发现的新增感染者每天仅几例。
实际上，每天向社会公布的新增感染者人数，并不能算“疫情”，它受检测措施的影响非常大。不检测，就没有感染者报告；检测的人数越多，发现的感染者就可能越多。也就是说，这个每日新增数，是由疫情和防治措施效果两个因素决定的。我们不能简单地从这个报告数研判疫情，既要看这些新增感染者数据，更要看这些数据是怎么产生的，比如筛查了多少人，新感染者是来自管控人员，还是社区非管控人员，各项防控措施落实情况，等等。
综上所述，北京这波疫情演变出现规模化疫情的可能性非常小。疫情的变化方向和发展速度，虽然受病毒的一些生物性特征影响，但更是由防控措施的力度和速度决定的。
尽管目前北京疫情向好，大家千万不能因此出现盲目乐观，放松防控力度。现在正是“逆水行舟”的关键时期，需要咬紧牙关努力奋战，争取一鼓作气把疫情清零，不给病毒蔓延扩散的机会。
鉴于还有一定数量的社会层面的感染者，疫情扩散的潜在风险依然存在。要特别关注学校、监管场所、敬老或养老等特殊场所的疫情防控工作，一旦病毒引入，就会出现局部暴发。
对于北京的居民来说，一定要遵守北京市关于新冠防控的各项规定。居家要经常开窗通风，出门要戴口罩、保持社交距离、注意手卫生，主动配合核酸检测和疫苗接种等防控措施。广大群众要理解、支持和配合防疫工作落实，保持良好健康习惯，做自己健康的责任人，为首都的新冠疫情控制做出自己的一份贡献。
只要我们大家一起努力，北京的这波疫情很快就会得到控制。
北京房山紧急通知：如5月5日以来曾收过韵达快递，请立即报告！
刚刚，北京市房山区发布紧急通知：如您自5月5日起曾接收过韵达快递，存在疫情风险。请您立即向所在社区、单位、酒店报备，五天内完成三次核酸检测。
根据疫情防控有关法律法规，如没有遵守上述要求造成疫情传播的，将承担相应法律责任。
5月13日房山区涉疫风险点位如下：
俄乌局势最新
俄美两国防长举行电话会谈
据央视新闻，当地时间5月13日，美国国防部长奥斯汀与俄罗斯国防部长绍伊古举行了电话会谈。双方就包括乌克兰问题在内的国际形势交换了意见。
奥斯汀敦促俄罗斯在乌克兰立即停火并强调保持通讯线路的重要性。
德媒：七国集团计划向乌克兰提供300亿欧元援助
据德国媒体当地时间13日报道，七国集团正在考虑向乌克兰提供进一步的经济援助。七国集团的财政部长下周将在德国波恩附近的彼得斯堡举行会议，计划为乌克兰启动300亿欧元的预算支持。
目前，乌克兰政府已经量化了截至年底的资金需求。例如，有关当局每月需要耗资50亿欧元用于支付养老金和国家公务人员的薪金。按照基辅方面的说法，乌克兰无法承担这笔费用。而国际货币基金组织已经对相关计算结果予以确认，称得出了类似的数额。
据悉，总额300亿欧元的援助将以贷款和赠款的方式提供给乌克兰。而且，这一数额的前提是假设俄乌冲突能够在今年年底之前结束。目前尚未确定其中贷款和赠款的具体占比。德国作为2022年的七国集团轮值主席国，德国联邦财政部长林德纳将在下周的财长会议上对此动议进行协调。内部人士表示，眼下有成员国反对该计划，关于是否对乌克兰进行赠款也存在争议。
德国总理朔尔茨与俄罗斯总统普京就乌克兰问题通电话
根据德国联邦政府发言人当地时间13日公布的消息，德国总理朔尔茨当天上午和俄罗斯总统普京再次通电话。此番持续75分钟的通话重点聚焦乌克兰局势以及为结束冲突作出的努力。据悉，两人的上一次通电话是在3月30日。
鉴于当前形势的严峻程度以及冲突所造成的影响，尤其是马里乌波尔的现状，朔尔茨在13日的通话中敦促普京尽快达成停火协议，以改善人道主义状况，并在寻找解决冲突的外交办法方面取得进展。另外，朔尔茨还同普京谈到了因地区冲突而导致的全球粮食危机。
此前，克里姆林宫方面表示，本次通话是由德方倡议发起。普京在通话时向朔尔茨提供了有关特别军事行动目标的详细信息。双方均同意应通过不同渠道继续保持沟通。
波兰驻俄罗斯大使馆的银行账户被冻结
当地时间5月13日，波兰驻俄罗斯大使馆的银行账户被冻结。此前，波兰政府已冻结俄罗斯驻波兰大使馆账户至9月2日。
0人+1高镍NCM锂电池是电动汽车电池的主流方向。镍含量的增加对材料性能有以下影响：
（1）镍含量越高，材料比容量越高。NCM811材料比容量可达210mAh/g,比NCMIII材料增加近25％。
（2）镍含量越高，材料储存和开发难度越大。高镍三元材料极易吸水变质，降低容量和循环寿命。而且一部分水还会保存在晶体中，使得电池在高温环境中产生气体，造成电池胀气，带来安全隐患。
（3）镍含量越高，三元材料热稳定性越差。如NCMIII材料在300C左右发生分解，而NCM811在220℃左右即分解。
〈4）镍含量升高会带来电解液匹配问题。高镍材料表面由于吸水变质产生的LiOH等物质会与电解液反应，造成容量衰减和安全问题。因此对高镍材料的改性技术是重要的发展方向。改性技术包括掺杂其他元素、表面包覆等，如用导电高分子或者无机材料在颗粒表面进行纳米包覆，可提高循环使用寿命，提高高温性能和安全性。
纳米钨酸是一种比表面积大、导电性好的无机材料。已被用于高镍锂离子电池材料，用于在颗粒表面进行纳米包覆，以提高电池性能和安全性。Blind and visually impaired can use public transport with reduced difficulty and danger. With a special transmitter sold for about €25.80 at the ONCE building on Sepulveda 1. This transmitter can be used at traffic lights and will set off an acoustic signal to assist in helping to cross the road. This same transmitter can be used to identify ticket machines with a sound. Many (but not all) stations have tactile paving that identify elements such as elevators, stairs, platforms, equipment, and exits. The elevators have braille buttons and speech to indicate direction and floor
The ticket machines are programmed with a voice navigation system and Braille keys to allow a blind person to buy tickets. In the metro ticket entrances generally are navigable by touch and use sound to assist in understanding whether validation has been completed or not. A short beep is a confirmation, a series of long beeps indicates a problem.
On the trains, trams, and metro, a voice system reports the next station and correspondence relating to other lines. On the trams specifically there is also a voice to tell people waiting when the tram is coming and what the destination and direction is. During the journey, a particular sound signals when the tram is stopped at a traffic light and not a station. All tickets have a tactile indicator to facilitate validation. But be careful! The machines at tram stops are not adapted and inside the tram you can not buy tickets, so it's easier if you buy tickets at a metro station.
All Barcelona buses are accessible to people with visual disabilities, both day and night buses. The entrance/exit doors are easily recognised using a stick and through tactile signals. Some buses use a speech system to indicate the next stop, but it's only on newer buses. There are also a few bus-stops that work with the aforementioned transmitter and will indicate through speech which buses are coming, what line, and time of arrival. The ticket validators use the same audio signals to tell you whether a ticket is valid or not..
The majority of Barcelona museums are apt for visits from visually impaired visitors. Between the most known there are:
- CaixaForum: Organized guided tours for different exhibitions and visit the building (groups of 10). All elevators within the museum have raised keys and Braille.
- Museu Marítim: Within the permanent exhibition of the Maritime Museum, there is a relieved map and a tactile model of the architectural set of the Reials Drassanes of Barcelona and a model of the building. Also along the walk - which can also be done with an audio-guide - you can touch many of the works and most of the vessels and artifacts.
- Fundación Joan Miró: The Foundation offers several resources for blind or visually impaired people. They have touch and explanatory models and tours on the work of Joan Miró ( sculptures, paintings and prints ) with the opportunity to touch examples of materials used and sculptures, in addition to interactive activities.
- MACBA: This museum offers customized tours on the first Sunday of every month. With gloves provided by the staff, you can even touch some work. They also allow guide dogs.
How many tourist attractions in Barcelona can a blind person visit? Many! For example La Pedrera, where on each floor of the permanent exhibition is touch map showing the location during the visit. These maps are in three dimensions and in Braille. Inside the building there are models that reproduce the architectural details. Regularly there are sensory activities organised. Temporary exhibitions are readable even in braille and some of the works can be touched.
Palau de la Música Catalana organizes guided tours and under the supervision of a guide allows you to touch the decorative elements as well as stained glass, ceramics , and more. The elevator buttons are beveled and have Braille.
Palau Güell offer audio guides with commentary and relieved maps for blind and partially-sighted visitors. There are also freely available magnifying glasses for the partially-sighted. Assistance dogs are welcomed and water bowls are provided on the ground floor. There is also disabled parking nearby, but spaces need to be reserved.
L'Aquàrium de Barcelona offers guided tours and a special interactive, fun, and educational space, especially for children. With more than 50 activities to play, listen, and discover, you can learn about the marine world and its wildlife. In a space, called Explore! represents three areas of the Mediterranean coast, the swamp of Delta del Ebro, an area of the Costa Brava, and the Marine cave of the Medes Islands.
Don't forget Park Güell! There are information points in braille at the entrances of the park and interesting elements throughout the park to feel, like the mosaic dragon monument, intriguing columns, wrought iron, and much more. It's a pleasant park to walk through, blending man-made architecture with nature - with fountains, birds, and music. Guide dogs are permitted.
We highlight three restaurants with menus in Braille. Here's hoping this number increases!
- Restaurant Can Solé: Found on Carrer San Carles, 4, and was founded in 1903, offering traditional cuisine - mainly fish.
- Attica21: This hotel chain offers all of its restaurant menus in Braille.
- La Tagliatella: These are authentic Italian restaurants that offer a traditional taste of Italy.
We want Barcelona to be accessible and easy! If you need an accommodation that's also accessible then take a look at our adapted apartments and reserve yours for your next visit to Barcelona. ❤Papa Francesco, daha önce kendini açıkça 'ateist' olarak ilan eden İtalyan La Repubblica gazetesinin kurucusu Eugenio Scalfari'ye uzun bir mektup yazarak, 'İnançsız ama vicdan sahibi olanların da Tanrı tarafından affedilebileceğini' söyledi.
ÖNYARGISIZ DİYALOG
Sol çizgideki gazetede Scalfari imzasıyla yayımlanan bazı sorulara yanıt veren Papa, Katolik inancının özünü dünyaya açıklamak adına 'önyargısız bir diyalog' başlatma zamanının geldiğine inandığını belirtti.
'TANRI'NIN MERHAMETİ SONSUZDUR'
Papa, Scalfari’nin, “Tanrı, inançsızları da bağışlayacak mı?” şeklindeki sorusuna, "Öncelikle şunu söyleyeyim. İşin özü burada: Kendisine samimi ve pişmanlık dolu bir yürekle gidenlere karşı Tanrı'nın merhameti sonsuzdur. Tanrı'ya inanmayanların yapması gereken şey vicdanlı olmaktır" yanıtını verdi.
EŞCİNSEL AÇILIMI
Kendisinden önceki Papa Benedictus'tan daha ılımlı mesajlar verdiği yönünde yorumlar yapılan Papa Francesco, geçtiğimiz temmuz ayında da, "Eğer bir eşcinsel Tanrı'yı arıyorsa, ben kimim ki onu yargılayayım" diyerek, Kilise'nin geleneksel eşcinsellik karşıtı tutumunu yumuşatmıştı.
yuzdeyuzhaber焊工工作服应根据焊接与切割工作的特点来选用，重庆工作服定做选用方法如下。
①一般焊接与切割作业应以选用白色棉帆布工作服为宜。
②氢弧焊工选择粗毛呢或柞教绸面料制成的工作服。
③ CO2焊工选择皮革制成的工作服为宜。
④全位置焊工(压力容器、管道)应配皮制工作服。
⑤焊工穿戴的工作服不应潮湿，要保持干燥。
⑥重庆工作服定做口袋应有袋盖，衣服应遮住腰部，裤长应罩住鞋面。
⑦重庆工作服定做不得有破洞、损坏，不得沾有油脂。
⑧焊接与切割作业的工作服，不得选用合成纤维面料制品。- Teaching activities, case background, decision summaries, and recommended resources for teaching about Korematsu v. United States.
- Format: web link
- © 2005 Street Law, Inc. and the Supreme Court Historical Society
- Free for non-commercial educational use. Permissions questions? Email [email protected]
After Pearl Harbor was bombed in December 1941, the military feared a Japanese attack on the U.S. mainland and the American government was worried that Americans of Japanese descent might aid the enemy. In 1942, President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed an executive order forcing many West Coast Japanese and Japanese Americans into internment camps. Fred Korematsu, a Japanese American, relocated and claimed to be Mexican-American to avoid being interned, but was later arrested and convicted of violating an executive order. Korematsu challenged his conviction in the courts saying that Congress, the President, and the military authorities did not have the power to issue the relocation orders and that he was being discriminated against based on his race. The government argued that the evacuation was necessary to protect the country and the federal appeals court agreed. Korematsu appealed this decision and the case came before the U.S. Supreme Court. The Court agreed with government and stated that the need to protect the country was a greater priority than the individual rights of the Japanese and Japanese Americans.山西一地出重拳！国三不淘汰的，强制注销道路运输证
日前，山西晋城市人民政府发布通知表示，年底前要淘汰全部国三及以下老旧营运柴油货车。11月20日之前逾期未联系的车辆道路运输证将被强制注销。淘汰范围
国三及以下排放标准老旧营运柴油货车，是指在晋城市车辆管理部门注册登记并持有道路运输证，截止2013年7月1日前生产的重型柴油货车、中型柴油货车、牵引车。
淘汰任务
全市共有国三及以下老旧柴油货车2723辆，其中：中型货车246辆；重型货车1
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lings?
A: Seeds are expected to be available from The American Chestnut Foundation for wider distribution starting in 2011 thru 2026. Today, the public can purchase non-resistant, pure American chestnut seeds and seedlings through www.acf.org.
Q: Where can I find out more about the restoration of the American chestnut?
A: More information can be found at the following websites:
- The American Chestnut Foundation
- U.S. Forest Service, Southern Region
- University of Tennessee, Tree Improvement Program
Q: What can I do to help?
A: If you know of an American chestnut tree that is producing nuts, contact The American Chestnut Foundation. They track fruit-producing trees and utilize the nuts in their research. You also can join a local chapter of TACF. Share your enthusiasm and educate the next generation about the return of this “Mighty Giant.”İkinci sezonun heyecanlı son bölümü "Live Together Die Alone"da Desmond'ın teknesi ile Others kampına doğru denizden yola çıkan Sayid, Sun ve Jin, yaklaştıkları kıyıda dize kadar tek bacağı ve ayağında beş yerine dört parmağı bulunan bir heykel görürler. Sayid'in bu konudaki yorumu ilginçtir :
"I don't know what I find more disquieting: the fact that the rest of the statue is missing, or that it has four toes." (Hangisini daha rahatsız edici buluyorum bilmiyorum : heykelin geri kalan kısmının olmamasını mı, yoksa dört ayak parmağı olmasını mı?)
Sandalet giymiş ve dört parmağı olan bir ayağın üzerinde sadece dize kadar yükselen bu heykel, bu görünüşüyle ne kadar devasa bir yapı olduğunu da gösterir. Heykelin kendisi ya hiç tamamlanamamış, ya da parçalanmış veya tahrip edilmiş olabilir. Heykelin üzerinde durduğu ince kaidenin de sağ taraftan sanki bir yerden kopartılmış görüntüsüne sahip olması, heykelin de sanki bir şekilde parçalanarak bu şekilde kalmış olduğu görüntüsü verir. Ancak durduğu yere bakıldığında sahilin tam ucunda yer alan heykelin kaidesi ile beraber üzerinde yerleşik olduğu kayalık parçanın sahil boyunca devamı yoktur. Bu da heyekelin bu parçasının belki de başka bir yerden özellikle buraya taşındığını gösterebilir.
Sayid, Sun ve Jin'in heykeli gördüğü yerin adanın Batı ya da Kuzey kıyısı olması beklenebilir. Özellikle de Michael'a Swan bilgisayarından verilen komutla kuzeye doğru gitmesinin söylendiği ve sahte Other köyünün de bu civarda olduğu düşünülürse, heykelin adanın kuzey kısmında yer alması da mümkündür.
Heykelin DHARMA adaya gelmeden önce adada bulunanlar ile ilgili olduğu ve Cooper'ın bağlanmış olduğu sütunun da bulunduğu kalıntılar ile son bölümde Ben'in Richard'dan Others'ı götürmesini istediği tapınağın da bu heykel ile bağlantılı olacağı düşünülmektedir. Bu nedenle adanın kendine ait bir geçmişi ve bir tarihi, hatta belki de bir inanç sistemi olduğu, DHARMA'nın gelişi ile bu durumun da tehlikeye girdiği söylenebilir.
Heykelin tamamlanmış halinin yaklaşık 30 katlı bir bina ile eşdeğer olduğu belirtilmiştir (Lost yapımcı açıklaması - Mayıs 2006). Bu durumda bunun nasıl yapıldığı ya da nasıl taşındığı da önem kazanmaktadır.
Heykelin anlamının ve kaynağının ne olabileceği üzerine pek çok görüş bulunmaktadır. Bu görüşlerin bir kısmı ve nedenleri aşağıdadır.
1 - ADA MİTOLOJİSİ VE ESKİ UYGARLIK
Adanın yeri konusunda muhtelif teoriler bulunuyor. Pilotun ölmeden önce söyledikleri doğru ise, Fiji'ye iniş yapmak için geri dönen uçak türbulansa girdiğinde rotadan binlerce mil açıktadır. Bu nedenle arama çalışmaları Sydney-L.A rotasında yapıldığında kimsenin onları bulması mümkün değildir. Bu durumda Pasifik Okyanusu'nda bir yerlerde düştüğü varsayılan uçak, kadim bir medeniyetin anavatanında bulunuyor olabilir. Bu düşünceye en yakın mitoloji de MU mitolojisidir. Ancak bu heykelin neden dört parmaklı olduğu konusu açıklamaz.
Ya da adaya yerleşmiş olanlar bilinen bir mitolojiden yola çıkarak kendi inançlarını simgeleyecek bir heykel dikerler.
Greko-Romen Kaynaklı
- Ayaktaki sandalet Greko-Romen niteliktedir ki heyeklin görünen kısmı da bu yapıya uygundur.
- Sonradan Apollo ile özdeşleştirilen Yunan tanrısı Helios (Güneş) için yapılmış olan Rodos Heykeli, antik dünyanın en büyük heykeli olarak adlandırılır. M.Ö. 224'te deprem sonucu dizlerinden kırılan heykelin üst kısmı Rodos adasına dağılır. Büyüklüğünün Özgürlük Heykeli kadar olduğu söylenir.
- Helios = Apollo benzerliğinden yola çıkıldığında, dizide sıklıkla rastlanan Apollo'ya olan atıf da bir kez daha dikkat çeker. Apollo çikolatası, istasyonların isimleri, Caduceus ve Apollo ilişkisi düşünüldüğünde ilginç bilgilere ulaşılır.
- Cooper'ın bağlanmış olduğu sütun, her ne kadar bazı farklılıklar bulunsa da, genel olarak Yunan medeniyetine ait tapınaklardaki sütunlarla benzeşir. Yalnız buradaki sütunlar yığma iken Yunan sütunları genelde yivlidir.
Mısır ya da Asya Kaynaklı
- Bazı Asya ve Mısır tanrılarının, özdeşleştirildikleri hayvan figürleri nedeniyle, dört ayak parmakları bulunur. Örneğin Bast, Kedi-Tanrıça da bu özelliğe sahiptir. (Kedinin 9 canlı olmasından yola çıkarak Mikhail'in bir türlü ölmemesini örnek gösterebiliriz. )
- Bilinen en önemli Mısır tanrılarından biri olan ve ismi genelde kurgu dünyasında "kötü karakter"lere verilen Anubis de, çakal başlı tanrı olması nedeniyle ayağında dört parmağa sahiptir. Aynı zamanda Yunan tanrıları ile eşitlendiğinde yaptığı iş bakımından (ölülerin diğer dünyaya - ya da bilindiği adı ile "underworld" (alt dünya)e taşınması ve buranın korunması görevi Anubis'indir) Cerberus'a denktir - Cerberus da blast door üzerindeki referanslara göre güvenlik sistemi olabilir.
- "Underworld", Swan'daki bilgisayara rakamların girilmesi atlanırsa çıkan hiyerogliflerin de anlamıdır. Dolayısıyla Swan'da yeri yer alan tanrının parçalanmış heykeli de adanın bir başka yerinde bulunabilir. (Anubis-Cerberus-Underworld-Portland bağlantısı için bakınız)
- Yine Cooper'ın bağlı olduğu sütun düşünüldüğünde Mısır ile bir bağlantı daha göze çarpıyor. Yığma sütun özelliği nedeni ile sütun Amun-Ra'nın tapınağı Karnak'ta (ki kendisi aynı Apollo gibi Güneş Tanrısı'dır) bulunan sütunlara benzer. ("Felsefe Taşı-Kolon-Caduceus" bağlantısı için bakınız
Dört Parmaklı Tanrıça
Daha sonra İnkalar'a ev sahipliği yapacak Titikaka Gölü'nün çevresinde Tiahuanako adında bir şehir kuruludur. Bu şehre barındırdığı kalıntılar nedeniyle "Devler Şehri" de denir - denir ki bir zamanlar burada Devler yaşamıştır. (Stargate SG-1 seyredenler bu "Giants" - Devler'i "Crystal Skull" adlı bölümden iyi hatırlar.) Burada bir Güneş Kapısı bulunur. Bu kapı üzerinde uçan bir Tanrı'nın çevresine dizilen figürler görülür - ki bunların bir kısmı da dört ayak parmaklıdır. Her ne kadar asıl "Tanrı" Virakoka olarak bilinse de, söylenceler der ki yıldızlardan altın yaldızlı gemisi ile dört parmaklı Tanrıça Orjana inmiş, yeryüzünde 70 çocuk doğurup yeni bir ork yaratarak tekrar gökyüzüne dönmüştür.
2 - VOLKANİK ADA - ANTİK UYGARLIK - HEYKEL
Adanın volkanik oluşumu ile ilgili bilgi "The Man Behind the Curtain"de Ben'in ders gördüğü sınıfta Olivia'nın anlattıklarından alınır. Atlantis ve Mu'nun deniz dibine batmasının nedeni olarak gösterilen depremler ve volkanik patlamalar da bu bilgi ile uyumludur. Bu durumda tektonik plakaların harekete geçtiği tarihin (belki de unuttuğu) en büyük felaketlerinden biri ile batan Mu'nun bir kısmının tam da Black Rock ile Magnus Hanso'nun oradan geçtiği sırada oluşan bir volkanik patlama ile tekrar ortaya çıktığını düşünelim.
- 1881'de Güney Hint Okyanusu'ndan altın arayan Black Rock ortadan kaybolur ve bir daha da ondan haber alınamaz. (Kaynak : The Lost Experience)
- 1883'te etkisi ta Afrika'ya kadar hissedilen, 36,000 kişiden fazla kişinin öldüğü, tsunami nedeniyle pek çok yerin sular altında kaldığı ve gemilerin günlerce okyanusta sürüklendiği, Hint Okyanusu'nda kaybolan denizcilerin cesetlerinin haftalar sonra Afraka'dan çıktığı bir volkan patlaması olur. Krakatoa Adası'nın volkanı öyle bir patlar ki sesi Perth, Avustralya'dan duyulur. (Kaynak : wikipedia)
Black Rock'ın ne kadar süreyle denizde kaldığını bilemediğimizden tarihlerin kabaca böyle olduğunu düşünürsek, volkanik patlama veya tektonik hareketlenme ile bir ada batarken diğer bir adanın bir kısmının yükseldiğini varsayalım. Bu durumda adanın görünen bir kısmında herhangi bir nedenle demirlemiş olan Magnus Hanso'nun Black Rock'ı, yükselme ile beraber aniden adanın ortasında kalır. Bu yükselme, aynı zamanda uzun süredir sular altında olan bir heykelin de sadece dizinden üst kısmının açığa çıkmasına neden olur. Ada eski bir uygarlığın yerleştiği yerdir ve bu heykel de koruyucu tanrılarından birini simgeler.北京时间7月1日消息，来自ESPN著名记者阿德里安-沃纳洛夫斯基的报道称，消息灵通人士透露，凯文-杜兰特和篮网队达成了一份为期4年总价值1.64亿美元的顶薪签杜兰特约协议。
消息源称，勇士队向KD提供了一份为期5年总价值2.21亿美元的顶薪续约合同，但最终杜兰特决定前去布鲁克林。实际上，KD考虑过回勇士队，以及加盟纽约城另一支球队尼克斯队，还有去洛杉矶快船队。在和商业经理里奇-克莱曼权衡再三后，KD对和凯里-欧文并肩作战感到兴奋。
上周KD决定不执行下赛季价值3150万美元的球员选项，今夏试水自由市场。
现年30岁的杜兰特今年总决赛期间遭遇跟腱断裂，之后前往纽约进行手术，目前杜兰特处于康复阶段。根据之前的流言，杜兰特将缺席整个19-20赛季。
2016年夏天，KD做出决定离开雷霆队，加盟勇士队。在湾区效力3年，KD全都打进总决赛并于2017和18年两度夺冠。
18-19赛季常规赛，KD一共打了78场球，场均出场34.6分钟，交出26.0分6.4篮板5.9助攻1.1盖帽的数据。季后赛打了12场球，场均出场36.8分钟，有32.3分4.9篮板4.5助攻1.1抢断1.0盖帽入账。
作为2007年榜眼，KD职业生涯至今一共10次入选全明星，6次入选最佳阵容一阵，当选2008年最佳新秀，2014年荣膺常规赛MVP，以及4次获得常规赛得分王。
KD是NBA史上仅有的5位至少拿过1次最佳新秀、MVP、FMVP、全明星MVP和得分王的球员之一，另外4人分别是勒布朗-詹姆斯、“大鲨鱼”奥尼尔、迈克尔-乔丹，以及张伯伦。
7月1日是NBA自由球员市场正式“开启”的日杜兰特子，就在几个小时之前，杜兰特通过社交媒体正式宣布，他将加盟篮网，而据沃神和其他几位知名记者爆料，篮网还会和小乔丹和欧文完成正式签约，而随着他们三人的到来，篮网自17年前基德-马丁-杰弗森的“三叉戟”之后，又迎来了多名超巨压阵的全新时代。
这个转会窗最引人关注的消息无疑就是杜兰特的去向问题，在欧文已经基本确定加盟篮网的情况下，“杜少”到底会不会留在勇士或者留在西部就成为大家最为关注的焦点话题。而在转会窗开启仅仅一个小时之后，“杜少”就宣布了他的下一站——布鲁克林篮网。杜兰特在个人社交平台上发布了一张照片，上面清楚写着篮网队的字样，而根据不少记者的报道，此番他的球队签下的将会是4年1.64亿美元的顶薪合同。此后“沃神”又表示，和杜兰特一同加盟球队的还有上赛季中途被交易到纽约尼克斯的中锋小乔丹以及凯尔特人的当家球星欧文，他们的到来或将就此改变东部联盟的格局。
除了以上这三人之外，交易市场还完成了多笔签约，比如凯尔特人后卫罗齐尔将以先签后换的方式加盟黄蜂，他的新合同为3年5800万美元；76人队的神射手雷迪克选择以2年2650万美元的价格重回西部辅佐新状元威廉姆森；阿里扎则以2年2500万美元的合同转投国王队；上赛季发挥出色两位步行者球员赛迪斯杨和博格达诺维奇都选择了离开，前者以3年4100万美元加盟公牛，而后者则以4年7300万美元前往犹他爵士队；此外雄鹿猛将布罗格登加盟步行者、卢比奥加盟太阳、阿米奴转投魔术的签约也已经接近完成。
而有走的就有留下的，雄鹿为米德尔顿开出了5年1.78亿美金的顶薪合同，他们为字母哥留下了一个最好的帮手，魔术则用4年5400万美元的合同留下了扣篮王泰伦斯杜兰特-罗斯，波尔津吉斯和瓦兰丘纳斯分别留守独行侠和灰熊队，此外开拓者为了留下他们的绝对核心利拉德，开出了一份4年1.96亿美元的超级顶薪合同，而上赛季分别在雄鹿和马刺有着稳定表现的盖伊和大洛佩斯也各自和母队完成了续约，新赛季他们仍然会是球队的核心人员。
如此的交易过后，新赛季的NBA值得期待。
杜兰特是通过个人官方社交媒体“The Boardroom”宣布了这一消息，并表示将在当地时间7月6日与篮网队签订顶薪合同。尽管杜兰特并未公布合同的具体金额，但根据美国著名NBA记者阿德里安·沃伊纳罗夫斯基(Adrian Wojnarowsk）此前报道，杜兰特将与篮网队签订一份4年1.64亿杜兰特美元的合同。
另据报道，杜兰特和他的经纪人当地时间周日已经与勇士队篮球运营总裁迈尔斯会面，并告知了迈尔斯他将加盟篮网队的决定。自2016年夏天以自由球员加盟勇士队后，杜兰特随队在3年内两夺NBA总冠军，并且两次当选总决赛最有价值球员。不过在今年总决赛中，仓促复出的杜兰特只打了杜兰特一节球，就遭遇了跟腱断裂的重伤，只能眼睁睁地看着球队总比分2比4不敌多伦多猛龙队，无缘三连冠。
职业生涯至今，杜兰特共效力过雷霆与勇士两支球队，上赛季常规赛，杜兰特场均上场34.6分钟，得到26.0分、6.4个篮板、5.9次助攻的全面数据。不过，由于跟腱伤势，他预计将缺席2019至2020赛季的全部比赛。
事实上，杜兰特并非今夏唯一加盟篮网队的杜兰特球星。据美国媒体报道，上赛季效力于波士顿凯尔特人队的全明星后卫欧文，也已与布鲁克林的球队达成口头协议，将以一份4年1.42亿美元的大合同加盟。欧文曾在2016年随克利夫兰骑士队夺得NBA总冠军，上赛季，他场均能得到23.8分。此外，上赛季效力于纽约尼克斯队的前全明星中锋德安德烈·乔丹也有加盟篮网队的意向。
上赛季常规赛，篮网队以42胜40负的战绩排名东部第6位，在季后赛首轮比赛中，他们1比4不敌费城76人队。随着杜兰特、欧文和小乔丹等球员的加盟，新赛季篮网队有望走得更远。
按照NBA官方规定，7
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