Datasets:

kundangraticare
/

report_prompt_dataset

ReportName stringlengths 3 113	Diagnosis stringlengths 6 1.52k	ReportBody stringlengths 103 23.4k
MRI- CERVICAL SPINE -PLAIN	Mild disc degenerative changes with mild disc bulges.	<p style="text-align: center;"><strong><u>MRI- CERVICAL SPINE -PLAIN</u></strong></p> <p><strong><u>TECHNIQUE: </u></strong> </p> <p> T2W Sagittal, T2W-axial, STIR-Coronal</p> <p><strong> </strong></p> <p><strong><u>FINDINGS:</u></strong></p> <p><strong> </strong></p> <p><strong>Straightening of cervical spine is seen. </strong></p> <p><strong> </strong></p> <p><strong>Mild disc desiccations are seen at C2-C3 to C6-C7 levels. </strong></p> <p><strong> </strong></p> <p><strong>Mild diffuse disc bulges are seen at C3-C4, C6-C7 levels causing mild indentations of anterior thecal sacs.</strong></p> <p><strong> </strong></p> <p>Vertebra and rest of intervertebral discs appear normal.</p> <p> </p> <p>Cervical spinal cord is normal in signal intensity.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong> </strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Spinal canal diameters- C2-C3-12mm, C3-C4-10.7mm, C4-C5-11.2mm, C5-C6-11.4mm, C6-C7-10.2mm, C7-D1-11.4mm.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"> </p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Prevertebral, paravertebral soft tissues appear normal.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"> </p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Atlanto-axial and atlanto occipital joints appear normal.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"> </p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Facet joints and ligamentum flavum are normal.</p> <p><strong> </strong> </p> <p><strong><u>IMPRESSION</u></strong><strong>:</strong></p> <p><strong> </strong></p> <p><strong>Mild disc degenerative changes with mild disc bulges.</strong> </p>
MRI Brain–Plain	No significant abnormality seen	<p><strong><u><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">MRI BRAIN–PLAIN </span></u></strong></p> <p> </p> <p><strong><u><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">STUDY PROTOCOLS:</span></u></strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">MR IMAGING OF THE BRAIN WAS PERFORMED USING AXIAL FLAIR, T1, DWI, ADC, GRE, AND T2 WEIGHTED SECTIONS AND CORRELATED WITH T2W SAGITTAL AND FLAIR CORONAL IMAGES.</span></strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><u><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">FINDINGS</span></u></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">: </span></strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Cerebral parenchyma show normal MR morphology and signal intensity with maintained grey-white matter differentiation.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><em><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></em></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Diffusion weighted imaging carried out does not reveal any area displaying hyperintense signal intensity suggestive of restricted diffusion with increasing ‘b’ values. </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><em><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></em></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Bilateral ganglio-thalamic region appears normal in MR morphology.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Ventricular system is normal in size and position with septum in midline.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Basal cisterns and sylvian fissures are preserved.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Sella and parasellar region are normal.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"><br/>Fourth ventricle is normal in size central in position.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Both the cerebellar hemispheres and brainstem show normal MR morphology. Both CP angles are normal.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><u><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">IMPRESSION</span></u></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">: No significant abnormality seen.</span></strong></p>
MRCP	Cholelithiasis, Pancreas appears diffusely mild bulky and diffusely mild hyperintensity on T2W-FS with peripancreatic mild fat stranding and left renal fascia thickening (Gerota’s fascia), Diffuse hepatic steatosis with hepatomegaly.	<p><strong><u>MRCP:</u></strong></p> <p> </p> <p><strong><u>STUDY PROTOCOLS</u></strong><strong>:</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">SERIES OF 2D CROSS SECTIONAL BREATH HOLD FAST SPIN-ECHO MRCP SEQUENCE PERFORMED IN CORONAL OBLIQUE PLANE USING DEDICATED QUADRATURE DETECT BODY COIL. IMAGES WERE POST- PROCESSED BY MAXIMUM INTENSITY PROJECTION TECHNIQUE. BREATH HOLD FAST SPIN ECHO T2 WEIGHTED AXIAL IMAGES OF UPPER ABDOMEN WERE OBTAINED AND CORRELATED WITH BREATH HOLD T2W CORONAL AND T2W FATSAT AXIAL IMAGES.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"> </p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><u>FINDINGS: -</u></strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"> </p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Liver is enlarged in size (~16.8cm in CC axis) and</strong> <strong>shows diffuse fatty changes,</strong> normal in contour. No focal mass lesion is seen. No IHBR dilatation is seen.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"> </p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Gall bladder is partially distended</strong> <strong>and shows multiple calculi, size ~ 3-5mm </strong>with normal wall thickness. No pericholecystic fluid collection is seen. <strong>Low lying medial insertion of cystic duct is seen.</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"> </p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Common hepatic duct and common bile duct (~4mm) appear normal in course and caliber without any obvious calculus within. Normal distal smooth tapering of common bile duct is seen.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"> </p> <p><strong>Pancreas appears diffusely mild bulky and diffusely mild hyperintensity on T2W-FS with peripancreatic mild fat stranding and left renal fascia thickening (Gerota’s fascia). </strong></p> <p> </p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Spleen is normal in size (~10cm), with normal parenchymal signal intensity. No parenchymal mass lesion is seen.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"> </p> <p style="text-align: justify;">No free fluid or any significant intra-abdominal lymph nodes are seen in the visualized part.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"> </p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><u>IMPRESSION</u></strong><strong>: </strong></p> <ol> <li style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Cholelithiasis.</strong></li> <li style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Pancreas appears diffusely mild bulky and diffusely mild hyperintensity on T2W-FS with peripancreatic mild fat stranding and left renal fascia thickening (Gerota’s fascia) – Kindly correlate with serum amylase / lipase level for acute pancreatitis. </strong></li> <li style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Diffuse hepatic steatosis with hepatomegaly.</strong></li> </ol> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong style="font-size: 14pt;">Please correlate clinically.</strong></p>
MRI Brain: Plain	Chronic small vessel ischemic changes, Chronic microhemorrhages in bilateral parietal lobes, Partial empty sella, No acute infarct or mass lesion	<p><strong><u><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">MRI BRAIN: PLAIN</span></u></strong></p> <p> </p> <p><strong><u><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">STUDY PROTOCOLS:</span></u></strong></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">MR IMAGING OF THE BRAIN WAS PERFORMED USING AXIAL FLAIR, T1, DWI, ADC AND T2 WEIGHTED SECTIONS AND CORRELATED WITH T2W SAGITTAL AND FLAIR CORONAL IMAGES.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><u><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">FINDINGS</span></u></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">: </span></strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></strong></p> <p><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Presence of T2W/FLAIR hyperintense foci without any diffusion restriction are seen in periventricular, deep and subcortical white matter of bilateral fronto-parietal lobes - suggestive of chronic small vessel ischemic changes.</span></strong></p> <p><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></strong></p> <p><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Chronic microhemorrhages are seen in bilateral parietal lobes.</span></strong></p> <p> </p> <p><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Partial empty sella is seen.</span></strong></p> <p><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Rest of cerebral parenchyma show normal MR morphology with maintained grey-white matter differentiation. VR spaces are seen in bilateral frontoparietal lobes.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"> </p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Bilateral basal ganglia and rest of thalami are normal. VR spaces are seen in bilateral putamina.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"> </p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Ventricular system is normal with septum in midline.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Both the cerebellar hemispheres and brainstem show normal MR morphology. Both CP angles are normal.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><u><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">IMPRESSION</span></u></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">: </span></strong></p> <ol> <li style="text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Chronic small vessel ischemic changes as described above.</span></strong></li> <li><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Chronic microhemorrhages seen in bilateral parietal lobes.</span></strong></li> <li><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Partial empty sella.</span></strong></li> <li><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">No acute infarct / any mass lesion seen at present scan.</span></strong></li> </ol> <p><strong><em><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Please correlate clinically.</span></em></strong></p>
MRI- LUMBO-SACRAL SPINE -PLAIN	Degenerative spondylotic and disc degenerative changes with disc bulges	<p style="text-align: center;"><strong>MRI- LUMBO-SACRAL SPINE -PLAIN</strong></p> <p><strong>TECHNIQUE: </strong> </p> <p>T1W, T2W, STIR- Sagittal, T2W -axial, STIR- coronal</p> <p><strong> </strong></p> <p><strong>OBSERVATION:</strong></p> <p><strong> </strong></p> <p><strong>Straightening of lumbar spine is seen. Marginal type II Modic changes with small osteophytes are seen at L3 to L5 vertebral levels. Post-op. transpedicular screws with laminectomy status seen at L4, L5 levels with post-op soft tissue edema seen at this level.</strong></p> <p><strong> </strong></p> <p><strong>Disc desiccation is seen at L3-L4 to L5</strong><strong>-S1</strong><strong> levels. </strong></p> <p><strong> </strong></p> <p><strong>Diffuse disc bulges are seen at L3-L4, L4</strong><strong>-L5</strong><strong> </strong><strong>level causing mild </strong><strong>secondary spinal canal stenosis,</strong><strong> </strong><strong>anterior</strong><strong> </strong><strong>thecal sac indentations</strong><strong>,</strong><strong> with mild narrowing of bilateral lateral recesses and neural foramina with indentations of bilateral exiting nerve roots.</strong><strong> </strong></p> <p><strong> </strong></p> <p><strong>Diffuse disc bulges are seen at L2-L3, L5</strong><strong>-S1</strong><strong> </strong><strong>level causing mild </strong><strong>secondary spinal canal stenosis,</strong><strong> </strong><strong>anterior</strong><strong> </strong><strong>thecal sac indentations</strong><strong>,</strong><strong> without impingement of nerve roots.</strong><strong> </strong></p> <p> </p> <p>Rest of vertebrae and rest of discs are normal.</p> <p>The facet joints and rest ofneural foramina are normal.</p> <p>The ligamentum flavum thickness is within normal limits.</p> <p>The pedicles, laminae spinous process and transverse process of the lumbar vertebrae show normal morphology.</p> <p><strong>Lumbar canal AP diameter at L1 to L5 levels:</strong></p> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td width="74"> <p><strong>Level</strong></p> </td> <td width="74"> <p><strong>L1-L2</strong></p> </td> <td width="74"> <p><strong>L2-L3</strong></p> </td> <td width="74"> <p><strong>L3-L4</strong></p> </td> <td width="74"> <p><strong>L4-L5</strong></p> </td> <td width="74"> <p><strong>L5-S1</strong></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="74"> <p><strong>AP Mm</strong></p> </td> <td width="74"> <p><br/>11.5</p> </td> <td width="74"> <p>9.4</p> </td> <td width="74"> <p><br/>7.4</p> </td> <td width="74"> <p>10.2</p> </td> <td width="74"> <p><br/>10.8</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>The conus medullaris and the rest of sub arachnoid space are normal.</p> <p>The rest of nerve roots of the cauda equina appear normal.</p> <p>The paraspinal soft tissues appear normal.</p> <p>Visualized SI joints are normal.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong><em>In T2W sag few available images - Degenerative spondylotic and disc degenerative changes with disc herniations with cord compression and thinning with myelopathy changes (C3-C4, C4-C5 levels) seen in cervical spine. Dedicated MRI of cervical spine is suggested.</em></strong></p> <p> </p> <p><strong>IMPRESSION:</strong></p> <p><strong>Degenerative spondylotic and disc degenerative changes with disc bulges as described above.</strong></p>
MRI-SCREENING OF LUMBO-SACRAL SPINE -PLAIN	Mild diffuse disc bulge at L4-L5 level without impingement of nerve roots, Left side unilateral sacroiliitis with capsular hyperintensity & surrounding soft tissue edema and myoedema with some granulation tissue / early abscess seen posterior to left psoas muscle – suggest infective sacroiliitis (likely tubercular).	<p style="text-align: center;"><strong><u>MRI- SCREENING OF LUMBO-SACRAL SPINE -PLAIN</u></strong></p> <p> </p> <p><strong><u>FINDINGS:</u></strong></p> <p><strong> </strong></p> <p><strong>Straightening of lumbar spine is seen. Sacralization of L5 is seen.</strong></p> <p><strong> </strong></p> <p><strong>Mild diffuse disc bulge is seen at L4-L5 level causing mild secondary spinal canal stenosis, anterior thecal sac indentation, without impingement of nerve roots. </strong></p> <p> </p> <p>Rest of vertebral bodies, pedicles, laminae, spinous process and transverse process of the lumbar vertebrae show normal morphology.</p> <p>Rest of intervertebral discs appear normal in height and signal intensity.</p> <p>The facet joints and neural foramina are normal.</p> <p>The ligamentum flavum thickness is within normal limits.</p> <p><strong>Lumbar canal AP diameter at L1 to L5 levels:</strong></p> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td width="74"> <p><strong>Level</strong></p> </td> <td width="74"> <p><strong>L1-L2</strong></p> </td> <td width="74"> <p><strong>L2-L3</strong></p> </td> <td width="74"> <p><strong>L3-L4</strong></p> </td> <td width="74"> <p><strong>L4-L5</strong></p> </td> <td width="74"> <p><strong>L5-S1</strong></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="74"> <p><strong>AP Mm</strong></p> </td> <td width="74"> <p>12.4</p> </td> <td width="74"> <p>12.2</p> </td> <td width="74"> <p>12</p> </td> <td width="74"> <p>10.9</p> </td> <td width="74"> <p>7.8</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>The conus medullaris and the rest of sub arachnoid space are normal.</p> <p>The nerve roots of the cauda equina appear normal.</p> <p> </p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Bone marrow edema is seen around left SI joint on both sacral and iliac side with capsular hyperintensity & surrounding soft tissue edema and myoedema with some STIR hyperintense granulation tissue / early abscess seen posterior to left psoas muscle.</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"> </p> <p>Right SI joint is normal.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong><u>IMPRESSION: </u></strong></p> <ol> <li><strong> </strong><strong>Mild diffuse disc bulge seen at L4-L5 level without impingement of nerve roots.</strong></li> <li><strong> </strong><strong>Left side unilateral sacroiliitis </strong><strong>with capsular hyperintensity & surrounding soft tissue edema and myoedema with some granulation tissue / early abscess seen posterior to left psoas muscle – suggest infective sacroiliitis (likely tubercular). CE-MRI of left SI joint is suggested.</strong></li> </ol> <p><strong> </strong><strong>Further investigations needed to confirm it and to rule out inflammatory sacroiliitis. </strong></p> <p><strong> </strong></p> <p><strong>Clinical correlation is suggested.</strong></p>
CT-BRAIN-PLAIN	Acute infarcts in right fronto-parietal lobes, right insular cortex (right MCA territory), Chronic lacunar infarct in left caudate nucleus, Partial empty sella.	<p style="text-align: center;"><strong><u>CT– BRAIN</u></strong><strong>-PLAIN</strong></p> <p><strong><u>TECHNIQUE:</u></strong> Serial axial sections of brain were made from base of skull to the vertex without contrast. (Base 5mm, Cerebrum 5mm).</p> <p> </p> <p><strong><u>OBSERVATION:</u></strong></p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Areas of hypodensities are seen involving GM-WM of right fronto-parietal lobes, right insular cortex - acute infarcts.</strong></p> <p><strong>Chronic lacunar infarct is seen in left caudate nucleus.</strong></p> <p>Rest of brain is normal.</p> <p>Rest of basal ganglia and thalami are normal.</p> <p>Ventricles are normal.</p> <p>The cerebellum, brainstem appears normal.</p> <p><strong>Partial empty sella is seen.</strong></p> <p>The bones of skull and pericranial soft tissue appear normal.</p> <p>Note - sinusitis in both maxillary, ethmoid and sphenoid sinuses.</p> <p>Right proptosis and left phthisis bulbi is noted.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong><u>IMPRESSION:</u></strong></p> <ol> <li><strong> </strong><strong>Acute infarcts</strong><strong> in right fronto-parietal lobes, right insular cortex (right MCA territory)</strong><strong>. </strong></li> <li><strong> </strong><strong>Chronic lacunar infarct seen in left caudate nucleus.</strong></li> <li><strong>Partial empty sella.</strong></li> </ol> <p><strong>Kindly correlate clinically.</strong></p>
MRI- LUMBO-SACRAL SPINE -PLAIN	Disc degenerative change with disc herniations causing nerve impingement	<p style="text-align: center;"><strong><u><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">MRI- LUMBO-SACRAL SPINE -PLAIN</span></u></strong></p> <p><strong><u><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">TECHNIQUE: </span></u></strong><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;"> </span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">T1W, T2W, STIR -Sagittal, T2W- axial, STIR- coronal</span></p> <p> </p> <p><strong><u><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">FINDINGS:</span></u></strong></p> <p><strong><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;"> </span></strong></p> <p><strong><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">Straightening of lumbar spine is seen. Hemangiomas are seen at L1, L4 bodies. Mild / grade 1 anterolisthesis of L4 over L5 is seen.</span></strong></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;"> </span></p> <p><strong><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">Disc desiccation with mild reduced disc space is seen at L4-L5 level. </span></strong></p> <p><strong><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;"> </span></strong></p> <p><strong><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">Diffuse disc bulge is seen at L4-L5 level causing secondary spinal canal stenosis, anterior thecal sac obliteration, with mild narrowing of bilateral lateral recesses and neural foramina with impingement of bilateral traversing & exiting nerve roots. </span></strong></p> <p><strong><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;"> </span></strong></p> <p><strong><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">Diffuse disc bulges are seen at L3-L4, L5-S1 level causing mild secondary spinal canal stenosis with anterior thecal sac indentations, without impingement of nerve roots. </span></strong></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;"> </span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">Rest of vertebral bodies, pedicles, laminae, spinous process and transverse process of the lumbar vertebrae show normal morphology.</span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">Rest of discs are normal.</span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">The facet joints and rest of neural foramina are normal.</span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">The ligamentum flavum thickness is within normal limits.</span></p> <p><strong><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">Lumbar canal AP diameter at L1 to L5 levels:</span></strong></p> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td width="74"> <p><strong><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">Level</span></strong></p> </td> <td width="74"> <p><strong><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">L1-L2</span></strong></p> </td> <td width="74"> <p><strong><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">L2-L3</span></strong></p> </td> <td width="74"> <p><strong><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">L3-L4</span></strong></p> </td> <td width="74"> <p><strong><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">L4-L5</span></strong></p> </td> <td width="74"> <p><strong><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">L5-S1</span></strong></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="74"> <p><strong><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">AP Mm</span></strong></p> </td> <td width="74"> <p><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">12.8</span></p> </td> <td width="74"> <p><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">12.4</span></p> </td> <td width="74"> <p><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">9.8</span></p> </td> <td width="74"> <p><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">6.4</span></p> </td> <td width="74"> <p><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">9.1</span></p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">The conus medullaris and the rest of sub arachnoid space are normal.</span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">The rest of nerve roots of the cauda equina appear normal.</span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">The paraspinal soft tissues appear normal.</span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">Visualized SI joints are normal.</span></p> <p> </p> <p><strong><u><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">IMPRESSION: </span></u></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">Disc degenerative change with disc herniations causing nerve impingement as described above.</span></strong></p>
MRI- LUMBO-SACRAL SPINE -PLAIN	Degenerative spondylotic and disc degenerative changes with disc herniations causing impingement of nerve roots.	<p style="text-align: center;"><strong>MRI- LUMBO-SACRAL SPINE -PLAIN</strong></p> <p><strong>TECHNIQUE: </strong> </p> <p>T1W, T2W, STIR- Sagittal, T2W -axial, STIR- coronal</p> <p><strong> </strong></p> <p><strong>OBSERVATION:</strong></p> <p><strong> </strong></p> <p><strong>Straightening of lumbar spine is seen. Marginal type II Modic changes with small marginal osteophytes are seen at L4 to S1 vertebra. </strong><strong>Disc desiccations are seen at few </strong><strong>levels. Reduced disc spaces are seen at L3-L4, L5</strong><strong>-S1</strong><strong> levels.</strong></p> <p><strong> </strong></p> <p><strong>Posterocentral and left paracentral disc protrusion with diffuse disc bulge is seen at </strong><strong>L5-S1</strong><strong> level causing </strong><strong>secondary spinal canal stenosis, </strong><strong>anterior thecal sac obliteration</strong><strong>,</strong><strong> with narrowing of bilateral lateral recesses and neural foramina with marked impingement of bilateral traversing nerve roots (left > right side) & mild impingement of bilateral exiting nerve roots.</strong><strong> </strong></p> <p><strong> </strong></p> <p><strong>Diffuse disc bulge with left foraminal mild disc protrusion is seen at </strong><strong>L4-L5</strong><strong> level causing </strong><strong>secondary spinal canal stenosis, </strong><strong>anterior thecal sac indentation</strong><strong>,</strong><strong> with mild narrowing of bilateral lateral recesses and left neural foramen with mild impingement of left exiting nerve root.</strong><strong> </strong></p> <p><strong> </strong></p> <p><strong>Diffuse disc bulge is seen at L3-L4 level causing </strong><strong>secondary spinal canal stenosis,</strong><strong> </strong><strong>anterior</strong><strong> </strong><strong>thecal sac indentation</strong><strong>,</strong><strong> without impingement of nerve roots.</strong><strong> </strong></p> <p><strong> </strong></p> <p>Rest of vertebrae & rest of discs are normal.</p> <p>The facet joints and rest of neural foramina are normal.</p> <p>The ligamentum flavum thickness is within normal limits.</p> <p>The pedicles, laminae spinous process and transverse process of the lumbar vertebrae show normal morphology.</p> <p><strong>Lumbar canal AP diameter at L1 to L5 levels:</strong></p> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td width="74"> <p><strong>Level</strong></p> </td> <td width="74"> <p><strong>L1-L2</strong></p> </td> <td width="74"> <p><strong>L2-L3</strong></p> </td> <td width="74"> <p><strong>L3-L4</strong></p> </td> <td width="74"> <p><strong>L4-L5</strong></p> </td> <td width="74"> <p><strong>L5-S1</strong></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="74"> <p><strong>AP Mm</strong></p> </td> <td width="74"> <p><br/>11.6</p> </td> <td width="74"> <p>11.2</p> </td> <td width="74"> <p><br/>8.4</p> </td> <td width="74"> <p>6.8</p> </td> <td width="74"> <p><br/>4</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>The conus medullaris and the rest of sub arachnoid space are normal.</p> <p>The rest of nerve roots of the cauda equina appear normal.</p> <p>The paraspinal soft tissues appear normal.</p> <p>Visualized SI joints are normal.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>IMPRESSION:</strong></p> <p><strong>Degenerative spondylotic and disc degenerative changes with disc herniations causing impingement of nerve roots as described above.</strong></p>
HRCT THORAX	Lung metastasis, Hepatic metastasis	<p style="text-align: center;"><strong><u>HRCT THORAX </u></strong></p> <p><strong><u>Technique</u></strong><strong>:</strong></p> <p>Plain HR axial CT scan of the chest was performed with thin serial contiguous sections from thoracic inlet to the base of the lung & documented in soft tissue & lung window settings.</p> <p>Breathing artefacts are seen.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong><u>Findings</u></strong><strong>:</strong></p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Multiple well-defined round soft tissue density nodules with feeding vessel signs, are seen in both lower lobes, right upper lobe.</strong></p> <p><strong> </strong></p> <p>Rest of lung parenchyma is normal.</p> <p>No evidence of pleural effusion is seen on both sides.</p> <p>No evidence of pericardial effusion is seen.</p> <p>Trachea is normal.</p> <p>Thoracic oesophagus is normal.</p> <p>Mediastinal vasculature appears normal.</p> <p>No significant mediastinal nodes are seen.</p> <p>Degenerative osteophytic changes are seen in DL spine. Rest of visualized bones are normal.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Note – in the available images of upper abdomen – multiple heterogenously hypodense lesions seen in right lobe of liver. CECT Whole abdomen is suggested.</strong></p> <p><strong><em> </em></strong></p> <p><strong><u>CONCLUSION</u></strong><strong>: </strong></p> <ol> <li><strong> </strong><strong>Multiple well-defined round soft tissue density nodules with feeding vessel signs, seen in both lower lobes, right upper lobe </strong><strong>– likely lung metastasis. </strong></li> <li><strong>Note – in the available images of upper abdomen – multiple heterogenously hypodense lesions seen in right lobe of liver - ? hepatic metastasis. </strong></li> </ol> <p><strong> </strong><strong style="font-size: 14pt;">CECT Thorax and abdomen is suggested for further evaluation.</strong></p>
CT – BRAIN -PLAIN	Two calcified granulomas without edema in left parietal lobe and right putamen; Retrocerebellar arachnoid cyst	<p style="text-align: center;"><strong><u>CT – BRAIN</u></strong><strong>-PLAIN</strong></p> <p><strong><u>TECHNIQUE:</u></strong> Serial axial sections of brain were made from base of skull to the vertex without contrast. (Base 5mm, Cerebrum 5mm).</p> <p> </p> <p><strong><u>OBSERVATION:</u></strong></p> <p><strong> </strong></p> <p><strong>Two calcified granulomas without edema are seen in left parietal lobe (~7x6mm), right putamen.</strong></p> <p><strong>A retrocerebellar arachnoid cyst (~40x24x20mm) is seen.</strong></p> <p>The gray white differentiation is maintained.</p> <p>The cerebellum, brainstem appears normal.</p> <p>Cerebello pontine angles and internal auditory meatus appear normal.</p> <p>Ventricular system is normal.</p> <p>The sella and parasellar regions are normal.</p> <p>Rest of basal ganglia, thalami and capsular tracts appear normal. Tiny VR spaces seen in both putamina.</p> <p>The bones of skull and pericranial soft tissue appear normal.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong><u>IMPRESSION:</u></strong></p> <p><strong> </strong></p> <ol> <li><strong> </strong><strong>Two calcified granulomas without edema seen in left parietal lobe, right putamen.</strong></li> <li><strong> </strong><strong>A retrocerebellar arachnoid cyst.</strong></li> </ol> <p><strong> </strong></p>
CECT– WHOLE ABDOMEN	Small organized abscess in caecal wall near base, mild haustral fold wall thickening of cecum and ascending colon, mild extraperitoneal free fluid in right side of pelvis region.	<p style="text-align: center;"><strong><u><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">CECT– WHOLE ABDOMEN </span></u></strong></p> <p> </p> <p><strong><u><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">TECHNIQUE:</span></u></strong><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;"> Volume scan of the whole abdomen was made from xiphisternum to pubis without administration of IV / oral Contrast.</span></p> <p> </p> <p><strong><u><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">OBSERVATION:</span></u></strong></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">Liver</span><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;"> is normal in size (~13cm) and shows normal density. No obvious focal lesion / IHBR dilatation is seen. CBD is not dilated.</span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">GB</span><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;"> is seen in distended state with normal wall thickness. No hyperdense calculus is seen (USG Correlation is suggested).</span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">Pancreas</span><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;"> is normal in size and density. No calcification, obvious mass or peripancreatic fluid collection seen. The pancreatic duct is not dilated.</span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">Spleen</span><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;"> is normal in size and density.</span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">Both adrenals </span><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">appear normal in size and shape.</span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">Right kidney</span><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;"> is normal in size. Pelvicalyceal system not dilated. Ureter is not dilated. No calculus is seen. The vesico-ureteric junction appears normal.</span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">Left kidney</span><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;"> is normal in size. Pelvicalyceal system not dilated. Ureter is not dilated. No calculus is seen. The vesico-ureteric junction appears normal.</span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">Urinary bladder<strong> </strong>is distended and is normal. No evidence of diverticulum or calculus.</span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">Uterus is normal.</span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">Both ovaries are normal in size. Normal corpus luteum is seen in right ovary. No adnexal lesion is seen.</span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">There is no significant lymph nodes seen.</span></p> <p><strong><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">A ~22x20x15mm size hypodense lesion with mild enhancing peripheral wall is seen in caecal wall near base – suggest organized small abscess. </span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">Mild haustral fold wall thickening of cecum and ascending colon is seen.</span></strong></p> <p><strong><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">Mild extraperitoneal free fluid is seen in right side of pelvis region.</span></strong></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">Appendix is clearly seen with normal features. No obvious bowel wall dilatation seen. Rest of small and large bowel loops. stomach are normal.</span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;">Visualized bones are normal. </span></p> <p> </p> <p><strong><u><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">IMPRESSION:</span></u></strong></p> <ol> <li><strong><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;"> </span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">A small organized abscess seen in caecal wall near base & m</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">ild haustral fold wall thickening of cecum and ascending colon – likely due to infective colitis.</span></strong></li> <li><strong><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;"> </span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">Mild extraperitoneal free fluid seen in right side of pelvis region.</span></strong></li> </ol> <p><strong><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;"> </span></strong><strong style="font-size: 14pt;"><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">Kindly correlate clinically & suggested- follow up.</span></strong></p>
CT-BRAIN-PLAIN	Acute infarcts in right corona radiata and right centrum semiovale, Chronic small vessel ischemic changes, Chronic lacunar infarcts in pons.	<p style="text-align: center;"><strong><u>CT– BRAIN</u></strong><strong>-PLAIN</strong></p> <p><strong><u>TECHNIQUE:</u></strong> Serial axial sections of brain were made from base of skull to the vertex without contrast. (Base 5mm, Cerebrum 5mm).</p> <p> </p> <p><strong><u>OBSERVATION:</u></strong></p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Hypodensity is seen in right corona radiata and right centrum semiovale - acute infarcts.</strong></p> <p><strong>Presence of hypodensities are seen in periventricular white matter of bilateral fronto-parietal lobes - suggestive of chronic small vessel ischemic changes.</strong></p> <p><strong>Chronic lacunar infarcts are seen in pons.</strong></p> <p>Rest of brain is normal.</p> <p>Bilateral basal ganglia and thalami are normal.</p> <p>Ventricles are normal.</p> <p>The cerebellum, rest of brainstem appears normal.</p> <p>The sella and parasellar regions are normal.</p> <p>The bones of skull and pericranial soft tissue appear normal.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong><u>IMPRESSION:</u></strong></p> <ol> <li><strong> </strong><strong>Acute infarcts</strong><strong> in right corona radiata and right centrum semiovale</strong><strong>. </strong></li> <li><strong> </strong><strong>Chronic small vessel ischemic changes.</strong></li> <li><strong>Chronic lacunar infarcts seen in pons.</strong></li> </ol> <p><strong>Kindly correlate clinically.</strong></p>
CT-BRAIN-PLAIN	No significant abnormality seen.	<p style="text-align: center;"><strong><u>CT– BRAIN</u></strong><strong>-PLAIN</strong></p> <p><strong><u>TECHNIQUE:</u></strong> Serial axial sections of brain were made from base of skull to the vertex without contrast. (Base 5mm, Cerebrum 5mm).</p> <p> </p> <p><strong><u>OBSERVATION:</u></strong></p> <p> </p> <p>Brain parenchyma is normal.The gray white differentiation is maintained.</p> <p>The cerebellum, brainstem appears normal.</p> <p>Cerebello pontine angles and internal auditory meatus appear normal.</p> <p>Ventricular system is normal.</p> <p>The sella and parasellar regions are normal.</p> <p>The basal ganglia, thalami and capsular tracts appear normal.</p> <p>The bones of skull and pericranial soft tissue appear normal.</p> <p><strong> </strong></p> <p><strong><u>IMPRESSION:</u></strong></p> <p> </p> <ol> <li><strong> </strong><strong>No significant abnormality seen.</strong></li> </ol>
CT – BRAIN -PLAIN	No intracranial hemorrhage / any bony calvaria fracture seen.	<p style="text-align: center;"><strong><u>CT – BRAIN</u></strong><strong>-PLAIN</strong></p> <p><strong><u>TECHNIQUE:</u></strong> Serial axial sections of brain were made from base of skull to the vertex without contrast. (Base 5mm, Cerebrum 5mm).</p> <p> </p> <p><strong><u>HISTORY –</u></strong> RTA.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong><u>OBSERVATION:</u></strong></p> <p>The gray white differentiation is maintained.</p> <p>The cerebellum, brainstem appears normal.</p> <p>Cerebello pontine angles and internal auditory meatus appear normal.</p> <p>Ventricular system is normal.</p> <p>The sella and parasellar regions are normal.</p> <p>The basal ganglia, thalami and capsular tracts appear normal.</p> <p>The bones of skull and pericranial soft tissue appear normal.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong><u>IMPRESSION:</u></strong></p> <ol> <li><strong> </strong><strong>No intracranial hemorrhage / any bony calvaria fracture seen.</strong></li> </ol> <p><strong> </strong></p>
MRI Both Axilla: Plain	Bilateral axillary abscesses with adjacent sinus tracts seen in subcutaneous plane; Few reactive subcentimetric bilateral axillary nodes.	<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><u>MRI BOTH AXILLA: PLAIN</u></strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"> </p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><u>STUDY PROTOCOL</u></strong>: SPIN ECHO T1 AXIAL AND FAST SPIN ECHO T2W AXIAL IMAGES OF THE BOTH AXILLA WERE OBTAINED ON A DEDICATED PHASED ARRAY BODY COIL AND CORRELATED WITH STIR, DWI AXIAL AND CORONAL IMAGES.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"> </p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><u>FINDINGS</u></strong><strong>:</strong></p> <p> </p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Presence of an abscess (~20x18x15mm) with small connecting adjacent sinus tract with surrounding edema and fat stranding is seen in subcutaneous plane in right axilla.</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong> </strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>A sinus tract (~27x6mm) with adjacent small abscess (~10x8x6mm) with surrounding edema and fat stranding is seen in subcutaneous plane in left axilla.</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong> </strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Few reactive subcentimetric bilateral axillary nodes are seen.</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong> </strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Adjacent bones appear normal in signal intensity.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong> </strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><u>IMPRESSION</u></strong><strong>: </strong></p> <ol> <li style="text-align: justify;"><strong> </strong><strong>Bilateral axillary abscesses with adjacent sinus tracts seen in subcutaneous plane.</strong></li> <li style="text-align: justify;"><strong> </strong><strong>Few reactive subcentimetric bilateral axillary nodes.</strong></li> </ol> <p style="text-align: justify;">Please correlate clinically.</p>
MRI Both Axilla: Plain	Bilateral axillary abscesses with adjacent sinus tracts seen in subcutaneous plane; Few reactive subcentimetric bilateral axillary nodes.	<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><u>MRI BOTH AXILLA: PLAIN</u></strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"> </p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><u>STUDY PROTOCOL</u></strong>: SPIN ECHO T1 AXIAL AND FAST SPIN ECHO T2W AXIAL IMAGES OF THE BOTH AXILLA WERE OBTAINED ON A DEDICATED PHASED ARRAY BODY COIL AND CORRELATED WITH STIR, DWI AXIAL AND CORONAL IMAGES.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"> </p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><u>FINDINGS</u></strong><strong>:</strong></p> <p> </p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Presence of an abscess (~20x18x15mm) with small connecting adjacent sinus tract with surrounding edema and fat stranding is seen in subcutaneous plane in right axilla.</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong> </strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>A sinus tract (~27x6mm) with adjacent small abscess (~10x8x6mm) with surrounding edema and fat stranding is seen in subcutaneous plane in left axilla.</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong> </strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Few reactive subcentimetric bilateral axillary nodes are seen.</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong> </strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Adjacent bones appear normal in signal intensity.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong> </strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><u>IMPRESSION</u></strong><strong>: </strong></p> <ol> <li style="text-align: justify;"><strong> </strong><strong>Bilateral axillary abscesses with adjacent sinus tracts seen in subcutaneous plane.</strong></li> <li style="text-align: justify;"><strong> </strong><strong>Few reactive subcentimetric bilateral axillary nodes.</strong></li> </ol> <p style="text-align: justify;">Please correlate clinically.</p>
CECT– WHOLE ABDOMEN	Cholelithiasis with focal circumferential mild thickened enhancing wall in GB fundus region causing mild luminal narrowing – likely focal adenomyomatosis in GB. Mild bulky pancreatic body and tail region with small fluid seen around tail. A simple cortical left renal cyst seen at lower pole – Bosniak type1.	<p style="text-align: center;"><strong><u>CECT– WHOLE ABDOMEN</u></strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"> </p> <p><strong><u>TECHNIQUE:</u></strong> Volume scan of the whole abdomen was made from xiphisternum to pubis without and with administration of IV & oral Contrast.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong><u>OBSERVATION:</u></strong></p> <p>Liver is normal in size (12cm) and shows normal attenuation. IHBR and CBD are not dilated. No focal lesion is seen.</p> <p><strong>GB</strong> <strong>is distended and shows few small hyperdense calculi with focal circumferential mild thickened enhancing wall in GB fundus region causing mild luminal narrowing</strong>. (USG correlation is suggested for calculus). Fat plane around GB is normal.</p> <p><strong>Mild bulky pancreatic body and tail region with small fluid seen around tail.</strong> Rest of pancreas is normal in size and density. No calcification, obvious mass seen. The pancreatic duct is not dilated.</p> <p>Spleen is normal in size (9cm) and density.</p> <p>Both adrenals appear normal in size and shape.</p> <p>Right kidney is normal in size. Pelvicalyceal system not dilated. Ureter is not dilated. No calculus is seen. The vesico-ureteric junction appears normal.</p> <p>Left kidney is normal in size. Pelvicalyceal system not dilated. Ureter is not dilated. No calculus is seen. The vesico-ureteric junction appears normal.</p> <p><strong>A ~20x18mm size simple cortical cyst is seen at lower pole of LK.</strong></p> <p>Urinary bladder is partially distended and is normal. No evidence of diverticulum or calculus.</p> <p>Prostate and seminal vesicles are normal.</p> <p>Few subcentimetric homogenous reactive left paraaortic lymph nodes seen.</p> <p>No free fluid is seen in the peritoneal cavity.</p> <p>No obvious bowel wall thickening / dilatation seen.</p> <p>Visualized bones are normal.</p> <p>Note – right mild hydrocele, & left scrotal sac hypodensity with peripheral calcifications (? complex epididymal cyst / ? calcified loculated hydrocele). USG scrotum is suggested for further evaluation.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong><u>IMPRESSION:</u></strong></p> <ol> <li><strong> </strong><strong>Cholelithiasis with focal circumferential mild thickened enhancing wall in GB fundus region causing mild luminal narrowing – likely focal adenomyomatosis in GB. (USG / MRCP correlation is suggested). HPE correlation is suggested to rule out any underlying early neoplastic etiology.</strong></li> <li><strong style="font-size: 14pt;">Mild bulky pancreatic body and tail region with small fluid seen around tail – kindly correlate with serum amylase and lipase.</strong></li> <li><strong style="font-size: 14pt;">A simple cortical left renal cyst seen at lower pole – Bosniak type1.</strong></li> </ol> <p>Kindly correlate clinically.</p>
MRI Brain–Plain	No significant abnormality seen	<p><strong><u><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">MRI BRAIN–PLAIN </span></u></strong></p> <p> </p> <p><strong><u><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">STUDY PROTOCOLS:</span></u></strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">MR IMAGING OF THE BRAIN WAS PERFORMED USING AXIAL FLAIR, T1, DWI, ADC, GRE, AND T2 WEIGHTED SECTIONS AND CORRELATED WITH T2W SAGITTAL AND FLAIR CORONAL IMAGES.</span></strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><u><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">FINDINGS</span></u></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">: </span></strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Cerebral parenchyma show normal MR morphology and signal intensity with maintained grey-white matter differentiation. Terminal zone of myelination is noted.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><em><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></em></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Diffusion weighted imaging carried out does not reveal any area displaying hyperintense signal intensity suggestive of restricted diffusion with increasing ‘b’ values. </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><em><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></em></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Bilateral ganglio-thalamic region appears normal in MR morphology.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Ventricular system is normal in size and position with septum in midline. Cavum septum pellucidum et vergae is noted.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Basal cisterns and sylvian fissures are preserved.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Sella and parasellar region are normal.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"><br/>Fourth ventricle is normal in size central in position.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Both the cerebellar hemispheres and brainstem show normal MR morphology. Both CP angles are normal.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><u><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">IMPRESSION</span></u></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">: No significant abnormality seen.</span></strong></p>
HRCT THORAX (PLAIN STUDY)	Left lower lobe consolidation mixed with GGOs with septal thickening - suggestive of bacterial lobar pneumonia.	<p style="text-align: center;"><strong>HRCT THORAX (PLAIN STUDY)</strong></p> <p><strong>Technique:</strong></p> <p>Plain axial high-resolution CT scan of the chest was performed with thin serial contiguous sections from thoracic inlet to the base of the lung & documented in soft tissue & lung window settings.</p> <p><strong>Breathing artefacts are seen.</strong></p> <p><strong> </strong></p> <p><strong>Findings:</strong></p> <p><strong>Consolidation mixed with GGOs with septal thickening is seen in left lower lobe. </strong></p> <p>No e/o centrilobular branching opacities, nodules, bronchiectasis and honeycombing in bilateral lung fields.</p> <p>No evidence of pleural effusion is seen on both sides.</p> <p>No evidence of pericardial effusion is seen.</p> <p>No significant mediastinal nodes are seen.</p> <p>Tracheo-bronchial tree is normal. </p> <p>Thoracic oesophagus is normal. </p> <p>Mediastinal vasculature appears grossly normal on plain scan.</p> <p>Degenerative osteophytic changes are seen in DL spine.</p> <p><br/><strong><em>CONCLUSION</em>: </strong></p> <ol> <li><strong>Left lower lobe consolidation mixed with GGOs with septal thickening - suggestive of bacterial lobar pneumonia. Kindly correlate clinically and suggest follow up after antibiotic treatment.</strong></li> </ol>
MRI- LUMBO-SACRAL SPINE -PLAIN	Disc degenerative changes with disc bulges	<p style="text-align: center;"><strong><u><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">MRI- LUMBO-SACRAL SPINE -PLAIN</span></u></strong></p> <p><strong><u><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">TECHNIQUE: </span></u></strong><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;"> </span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">T1W, T2W, STIR -Sagittal, T2W- axial, STIR- coronal</span></p> <p> </p> <p><strong><u><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">FINDINGS:</span></u></strong></p> <p><strong><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;"> </span></strong></p> <p><strong><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">Straightening of lumbar spine is seen. </span></strong></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;"> </span></p> <p><strong><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">Disc desiccations are seen at L3-L4, L4-L5, L5-S1 levels. Reduced IVD space is seen at L5-S1 level. </span></strong></p> <p><strong><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;"> </span></strong></p> <p><strong><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">Diffuse disc bulges are seen at L1-L2, L3-L4, L4-L5 levels causing mild secondary spinal canal stenosis, anterior thecal sac indentations, without impingement of nerve roots. </span></strong></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;"> </span></p> <p><strong><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">Diffuse disc bulge is seen at L5-S1 level causing secondary spinal canal stenosis, anterior thecal sac indentation, with mild narrowing of bilateral lateral recesses and neural foramina with indentations of bilateral traversing and exiting nerve roots. </span></strong></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;"> </span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">The vertebral bodies, pedicles, laminae, spinous process and transverse process of the lumbar vertebrae show normal morphology.</span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">Rest of intervertebral discs appear normal.</span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">The facet joints and rest of neural foramina are normal.</span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">The ligamentum flavum thickness is within normal limits.</span></p> <p><strong><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">Lumbar canal AP diameter at L1 to L5 levels:</span></strong></p> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td width="74"> <p><strong><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">Level</span></strong></p> </td> <td width="74"> <p><strong><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">L1-L2</span></strong></p> </td> <td width="74"> <p><strong><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">L2-L3</span></strong></p> </td> <td width="74"> <p><strong><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">L3-L4</span></strong></p> </td> <td width="74"> <p><strong><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">L4-L5</span></strong></p> </td> <td width="74"> <p><strong><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">L5-S1</span></strong></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="74"> <p><strong><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">AP Mm</span></strong></p> </td> <td width="74"> <p><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">11.2</span></p> </td> <td width="74"> <p><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">12</span></p> </td> <td width="74"> <p><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">10.4</span></p> </td> <td width="74"> <p><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">10</span></p> </td> <td width="74"> <p><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">9.8</span></p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">The conus medullaris and the rest of sub arachnoid space are normal.</span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">The nerve roots of the cauda equina appear normal.</span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">The paraspinal soft tissues appear normal.</span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">Visualized SI joints are normal.</span></p> <p> </p> <p><strong><u><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">IMPRESSION: </span></u></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">Disc degenerative changes with disc bulges as described above.</span></strong></p>
CT – BRAIN -PLAIN	No intracranial hemorrhage / any bony calvaria fracture seen. Scalp hematoma seen in occipital region.	<p style="text-align: center;"><strong><u>CT – BRAIN</u></strong><strong>-PLAIN</strong></p> <p><strong><u>TECHNIQUE:</u></strong> Serial axial sections of brain were made from base of skull to the vertex without contrast. (Base 5mm, Cerebrum 5mm).</p> <p> </p> <p><strong><u>HISTORY –</u></strong> trauma.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong><u>OBSERVATION:</u></strong></p> <p>The gray white differentiation is maintained.</p> <p>The cerebellum, brainstem appears normal.</p> <p>Cerebello pontine angles and internal auditory meatus appear normal.</p> <p>Ventricular system is normal.</p> <p>The sella and parasellar regions are normal.</p> <p>The basal ganglia, thalami and capsular tracts appear normal.</p> <p>The bones of skull appear normal.</p> <p><strong>Scalp hematoma seen in occipital region.</strong></p> <p> </p> <p><strong><u>IMPRESSION:</u></strong></p> <ol> <li><strong> </strong><strong>No intracranial hemorrhage / any bony calvaria fracture seen.</strong></li> <li><strong>Scalp hematoma seen in occipital region.</strong><strong style="font-size: 14pt;"> </strong></li> </ol>
MRI WHOLE ABDOMEN & PELVIS - PLAIN	A T1W hypointense and T2W/T2WFS mild heterogenous hyperintense lesion with diffusion restriction seen in vulva region seen in close proximity to lower urethra and vagina – likely neoplastic etiology / Carcinoma vulva.	<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><u><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">MRI WHOLE ABDOMEN & PELVIS - PLAIN</span></u></strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><u><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">STUDY PROTOCOL:</span></u></strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> MULTIPLANAR MR IMAGING OF THE WHOLE ABDOMEN & PELVIS WAS DONE ON A 1.5 T MAGNET USING DEDICATED COILS. SE, TSE, IR, HASTE AND TRU-FISP SEQUENCES WERE USED TO OBTAIN T1W, T2W, DWI AND FAT SUPPRESSED IMAGES.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"> </p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><u><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">FINDINGS:</span></u></strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Liver is mild enlarged in size (~15cm in CC axis) and shows diffuse fatty change</span></strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> , normal in outline. No focal mass lesion is seen. Intrahepatic biliary radicals are not dilated.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Gall bladder is distended and shows normal signal intensity.<strong> </strong></span><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Gall bladder wall thickness is normal. CBD is normal.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Pancreas is normal in size with clear peripancreatic fat planes. No focal lesion or ductal dilatation is seen.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Spleen is normal in size in size (10cm in CC axis) and normal in signal intensity. No parenchymal mass lesion seen. </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Bilateral adrenals appear normal in size and signal intensity.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Right kidney is normal in size, position, outline and MR signal intensity. No evidence of any hydronephrosis is seen. No mass lesion is seen.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Left kidney is normal in size, position, outline and MR signal intensity. No evidence of any hydronephrosis is seen. No mass lesion is seen.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Urinary bladder is partially distended. No filling defect or focal signal alteration is seen. </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Uterus & both ovaries show post-menopausal status. No adnexal lesion is seen.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">A T1W hypointense and T2W/T2WFS mild heterogenous hyperintense lesion with diffusion restriction (~18x12x10mm) is seen in vulva region seen in close proximity to lower urethra and vagina.</span></strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Few subcentimetric discrete homogenous bilateral inguinal and external iliac nodes are seen – likely reactive nodes. </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Rectum and anal canal & rest of visualized bowel loops are normal.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">No free fluid is seen. </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><u><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">IMPRESSION</span></u></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">: </span></strong></p> <ol> <li style="text-align: justify;"><strong><em><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">A T1W hypointense and T2W/T2WFS mild heterogenous hyperintense lesion with diffusion restriction seen in vulva region seen in close proximity to lower urethra and vagina – likely neoplastic etiology / Carcinoma vulva. Suggested – CE MRI Vulva region. Please correlate with biopsy.</span></em></strong></li> <li style="text-align: justify;"><strong><em><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Diffuse fatty change in liver with mild hepatomegaly.</span></em></strong></li> </ol> <p><strong><em><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Kindly correlate clinically.</span></em></strong><strong style="text-align: justify; font-size: 14pt;"><em><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></em></strong></p>
MRI WHOLE ABDOMEN & PELVIS - PLAIN	A T1W hypointense and T2W/T2WFS mild heterogenous hyperintense lesion with diffusion restriction seen in vulva region seen in close proximity to lower urethra and vagina – likely neoplastic etiology / Carcinoma vulva.	<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><u><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">MRI WHOLE ABDOMEN & PELVIS - PLAIN</span></u></strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><u><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">STUDY PROTOCOL:</span></u></strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> MULTIPLANAR MR IMAGING OF THE WHOLE ABDOMEN & PELVIS WAS DONE ON A 1.5 T MAGNET USING DEDICATED COILS. SE, TSE, IR, HASTE AND TRU-FISP SEQUENCES WERE USED TO OBTAIN T1W, T2W, DWI AND FAT SUPPRESSED IMAGES.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"> </p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><u><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">FINDINGS:</span></u></strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Liver is mild enlarged in size (~15cm in CC axis) and shows diffuse fatty change</span></strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> , normal in outline. No focal mass lesion is seen. Intrahepatic biliary radicals are not dilated.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Gall bladder is distended and shows normal signal intensity.<strong> </strong></span><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Gall bladder wall thickness is normal. CBD is normal.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Pancreas is normal in size with clear peripancreatic fat planes. No focal lesion or ductal dilatation is seen.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Spleen is normal in size in size (10cm in CC axis) and normal in signal intensity. No parenchymal mass lesion seen. </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Bilateral adrenals appear normal in size and signal intensity.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Right kidney is normal in size, position, outline and MR signal intensity. No evidence of any hydronephrosis is seen. No mass lesion is seen.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Left kidney is normal in size, position, outline and MR signal intensity. No evidence of any hydronephrosis is seen. No mass lesion is seen.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Urinary bladder is partially distended. No filling defect or focal signal alteration is seen. </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Uterus & both ovaries show post-menopausal status. No adnexal lesion is seen.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">A T1W hypointense and T2W/T2WFS mild heterogenous hyperintense lesion with diffusion restriction (~18x12x10mm) is seen in vulva region seen in close proximity to lower urethra and vagina.</span></strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Few subcentimetric discrete homogenous bilateral inguinal and external iliac nodes are seen – likely reactive nodes. </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Rectum and anal canal & rest of visualized bowel loops are normal.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">No free fluid is seen. </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><u><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">IMPRESSION</span></u></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">: </span></strong></p> <ol> <li style="text-align: justify;"><strong><em><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">A T1W hypointense and T2W/T2WFS mild heterogenous hyperintense lesion with diffusion restriction seen in vulva region seen in close proximity to lower urethra and vagina – likely neoplastic etiology / Carcinoma vulva. Suggested – CE MRI Vulva region. Please correlate with biopsy.</span></em></strong></li> <li style="text-align: justify;"><strong><em><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Diffuse fatty change in liver with mild hepatomegaly.</span></em></strong></li> </ol> <p><strong><em><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Kindly correlate clinically.</span></em></strong><strong style="text-align: justify; font-size: 14pt;"><em><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></em></strong></p>
MRI Whole Abdomen with Parietal Wall - Plain	Acute appendicitis with appendiceal phlegmon and small collections, Inflammatory edema and fat stranding in anterior abdominal wall in RIF and umbilical regions, Diffuse fatty change in liver with hepatomegaly & diffuse fatty infiltration in pancreas.	<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><u><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">MRI WHOLE ABDOMEN WITH PARIETAL WALL- PLAIN</span></u></strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><u><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">STUDY PROTOCOL:</span></u></strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> MULTIPLANAR MR IMAGING OF THE WHOLE ABDOMEN WITH PARIETAL WALL WAS DONE ON A 1.5 T MAGNET USING DEDICATED COILS. SE, TSE, IR, HASTE AND TRU-FISP SEQUENCES WERE USED TO OBTAIN T1W, T2W AND FAT SUPPRESSED IMAGES.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"> </p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><u><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">FINDINGS:</span></u></strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Liver is enlarged in size (15.5cm in CC axis) and shows diffuse fatty change,</span></strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> normal in outline. No focal mass lesion is seen. Intrahepatic biliary radicals are not dilated.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Gall bladder is distended and shows normal signal intensity.<strong> </strong></span><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Gall bladder wall thickness is normal. CBD is normal.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Diffuse fatty infiltration in pancreas is seen. </span></strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Pancreas is normal in size with clear peripancreatic fat planes. No focal lesion or ductal dilatation is seen.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Spleen is normal in size in size (8cm in CC axis) and normal in signal intensity. No parenchymal mass lesion seen. </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Bilateral adrenals appear normal in size and signal intensity.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Right kidney is normal in size, position, outline and MR signal intensity. No evidence of any hydronephrosis is seen. No mass lesion is seen.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Left kidney is normal in size, position, outline and MR signal intensity. No evidence of any hydronephrosis is seen. No mass lesion is seen.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Urinary bladder is empty. Foley’s catheter is seen in situ </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Uterus & both ovaries show postmenopausal status. No adnexal lesion is seen.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">No abnormal lymphadenopathy is seen. </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Inflammed appendix is seen with small intraperitoneal collections seen in RIF with surrounding fat stranding forming inflammatory phlegmon and associated inflammatory wall thickening of cecum and terminal ileum. </span></strong></p> <p> </p> <p><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Inflammatory edema and fat stranding is seen in anterior abdominal wall in RIF and umbilical regions. No obvious collection is seen in parietal wall.</span></strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Rectum and anal canal & rest of visualized bowel loops are normal.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">No ascites is seen. </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><u><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">IMPRESSION</span></u></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">: </span></strong></p> <ol> <li><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">All above features suggest acute appendicitis with appendiceal phlegmon and small collections.</span></strong></li> <li><strong style="font-size: 14pt;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Inflammatory edema and fat stranding seen in anterior abdominal wall in RIF and umbilical regions.</span></strong></li> <li><strong style="font-size: 14pt;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Diffuse fatty change in liver with hepatomegaly & diffuse fatty infiltration in pancreas.</span></strong></li> </ol> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span><strong><em><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Please correlate clinically.</span></em></strong></p>
MRI Brain – Plain	Acute to early subacute intraparenchymal hemorrhage in right parieto-fronto-temporal lobes with surrounding oedema & mass effect with midline shift to left side.	<p><strong><u><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">MRI BRAIN – PLAIN</span></u></strong></p> <p> </p> <p><strong><u><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">STUDY PROTOCOLS:</span></u></strong></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">MR IMAGING OF THE BRAIN WAS PERFORMED USING AXIAL FLAIR, T1, DWI, ADC, GRE, AND T2 WEIGHTED SECTIONS AND CORRELATED WITH T2W SAGITTAL AND FLAIR CORONAL IMAGES. </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><u><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">FINDINGS</span></u></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">: </span></strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Altered signal intensity hemorrhage is seen in right parieto-fronto-temporal lobes, showing mixed iso to hyperintensity on T1W, hypointensity on T2W/FLAIR with blooming on GRE and shows peripheral areas of diffusion restriction, measuring approximately 54 x 52 x 40 mm (volume approximately 56 cc) with surrounding oedema. Mass effect is seen in form of effacement of adjacent right sided sulcal spaces with compression of right lateral ventricle, and midline shift of ~10mm to left side & compression of right side of midbrain and right gangliothalamic region is seen. </span></strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Rest of cerebral parenchyma show normal MR morphology and signal intensity with maintained grey-white matter differentiation.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><em><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></em></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Bilateral basal ganglia and bilateral thalami appear normal in MR SI.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Sella and parasellar region are normal.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Both the cerebellar hemispheres and rest of brainstem show normal MR SI.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Rest of ventricles are normal.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><u><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">IMPRESSION</span></u></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">: </span></strong></p> <ol> <li style="text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Acute to early subacute intraparenchymal hemorrhage in right parieto-fronto-temporal lobes with surrounding oedema & mass effect with midline shift to left side. Follow up is suggested.</span></strong></li> </ol> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><em><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></em></strong><strong><em><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Please correlate clinically.</span></em></strong></p>
CT – BRAIN -PLAIN	Chronic infarct with gliosis in right fronto-parieto-occipital lobes with Wallerian degeneration, mild atrophy of right side of midbrain, and ex-vaccuo dilatation of right lateral ventricle. Two tiny calcified foci in right parietal lobe chronic infarct.	<p style="text-align: center;"><strong><u>CT – BRAIN</u></strong><strong>-PLAIN</strong></p> <p><strong><u>TECHNIQUE:</u></strong> Serial axial sections of brain were made from base of skull to the vertex without contrast. (Base 5mm, Cerebrum 5mm).</p> <p> </p> <p><strong><u>OBSERVATION:</u></strong></p> <p> </p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Chronic infarct with gliosis is seen in right fronto-parieto-occipital lobes with Wallerian degeneration with mild atrophy of right side of midbrain & ex-vaccuo dilatation of right lateral ventricle.</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Two tiny calcified foci are seen in right parietal lobe chronic infarct.</strong></p> <p>Rest of brain is normal.</p> <p>The cerebellum, rest of brainstem appears normal.</p> <p>Cerebello pontine angles and internal auditory meatus appear normal.</p> <p>Rest of ventricular system is normal.</p> <p>The sella and parasellar regions are normal.</p> <p>Both thalami and basal ganglia appear normal.</p> <p>The bones of skull and pericranial soft tissue appear normal.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong><u>IMPRESSION:</u></strong></p> <ol> <li style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Chronic infarct with gliosis seen in right fronto-parieto-occipital lobes with Wallerian degeneration with mild atrophy of right side of midbrain & ex-vaccuo dilatation of right lateral ventricle.</strong></li> <li style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Two tiny calcified foci seen in right parietal lobe chronic infarct - likely calcified granulomas.</strong></li> </ol>
CT-BRAIN-PLAIN	No significant abnormality seen.	<p style="text-align: center;"><strong><u>CT– BRAIN</u></strong><strong>-PLAIN</strong></p> <p><strong><u>TECHNIQUE:</u></strong> Serial axial sections of brain were made from base of skull to the vertex without contrast. (Base 5mm, Cerebrum 5mm).</p> <p> </p> <p><strong><u>OBSERVATION:</u></strong></p> <p> </p> <p>Brain parenchyma is normal.The gray white differentiation is maintained.</p> <p>The cerebellum, brainstem appears normal.</p> <p>Cerebello pontine angles and internal auditory meatus appear normal.</p> <p>Ventricular system is normal.</p> <p>The sella and parasellar regions are normal.</p> <p>The basal ganglia, thalami and capsular tracts appear normal.</p> <p>The bones of skull and pericranial soft tissue appear normal.</p> <p>Left sided DNS noted.</p> <p><strong> </strong></p> <p><strong><u>IMPRESSION:</u></strong></p> <p> </p> <ol> <li><strong> </strong><strong>No significant abnormality seen.</strong></li> </ol>
HRCT THORAX (PLAIN STUDY)	Fibro-bronchiectasis in posterior segment of RUL with fibro-calcific-bronchiectasis in apicoposterior segment of LUL; Paraseptal emphysematous changes in bilateral upper lobes.	<p style="text-align: center;"><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">HRCT THORAX (PLAIN STUDY)</span></strong></p> <p><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Technique:</span></strong></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Plain axial high-resolution CT scan of the chest was performed with thin serial contiguous sections from thoracic inlet to the base of the lung & documented in soft tissue & lung window settings.</span></p> <p><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Breathing artefacts are seen.</span></strong></p> <p><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Findings:</span></strong></p> <p><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Fibro-bronchiectasis is seen in posterior segment of RUL with fibro-calcific-bronchiectasis seen in apicoposterior segment of LUL.</span></strong></p> <p><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Paraseptal emphysematous changes are seen in bilateral upper lobes. </span></strong></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">No e/o ground-glass opacity or consolidation, centrilobular branching opacities, and honeycombing in bilateral lung fields.</span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">No evidence of pleural / pericardial effusion is seen.</span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">No evidence of any enlarged mediastinal / axillary / supra or retroclavicular adenopathy.</span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Tracheo-bronchial tree is normal. </span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Thoracic oesophagus is normal. </span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Mediastinal vasculature appears grossly normal on plain scan.</span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Degenerative osteophytic changes are seen in dorsal spine. Few old fractures of left sided ribs is seen. Rest of visualized bones are normal. </span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"><br/><strong><em>CONCLUSION</em>: </strong></span></p> <ol> <li><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Fibro-bronchiectasis seen in posterior segment of RUL with fibro-calcific-bronchiectasis seen in apicoposterior segment of LUL.</span></strong></li> <li><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Paraseptal emphysematous changes seen in bilateral upper lobes.</span></strong> </li> </ol>
MRI GLUTEAL REGIONS- PLAIN & CONTRAST	Right gluteal region subcutaneous and intramuscular abscesses with myositis, Diffuse subcutaneous edema in right gluteal region, Mild myositis in left gluteus maximus muscle.	<p><strong><u>MRI GLUTEAL REGIONS- PLAIN & CONTRAST</u></strong></p> <p><strong> </strong></p> <p><strong><u>STUDY PROTOCOLS:</u></strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>SPIN ECHO STIR, T1W, DWI AND T2W CORONAL AND AXIAL IMAGES OF GLUTEAL REGIONS WERE OBTAINED AND CORRELATED WITH T2W SAGITTAL IMAGES.</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"> </p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><u>FINDINGS:</u></strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"> </p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Presence of abscesses (T2W/STIR hyperintense with diffusion restrictions & peripheral thick enhancement with nonenhancing necrotic center), are seen in predominantly subcutaneous plane of right gluteal region (measuring ~ 75x42x20mm), with small abscess seen in intramuscular plane of right gluteal region (within right gluteus maximus muscle, measuring ~ 20x12x10mm) & surrounding myositis within right gluteus maximus muscle.</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong> </strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Diffuse subcutaneous edema is seen in right gluteal region. </strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong> </strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Mild myositis is seen in left gluteus maximus muscle.</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong> </strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Visualized bones appear normal in SI.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"> </p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><u>IMPRESSION</u></strong><strong>: </strong></p> <ol> <li style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Right gluteal region subcutaneous and intramuscular abscesses with myositis.</strong></li> <li style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Diffuse subcutaneous edema seen in right gluteal region. </strong></li> <li style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Mild myositis seen in left gluteus maximus muscle.</strong></li> </ol> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong> </strong><strong><em>Please correlate clinically. </em></strong></p>
MRI OF ANTERIOR ABDOMINAL WALL -PLAIN	Anterior abdominal wall hernia in epigastric region (incisional hernia)	<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><u><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">MRI OF ANTERIOR ABDOMINAL WALL -PLAIN </span></u></strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><u><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">STUDY PROTOCOL:</span></u></strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> MULTIPLANAR MR IMAGING OF ANTERIOR ABDOMINAL WALL WAS DONE ON A 1.5 T MAGNET USING DEDICATED COILS. SE, TSE, IR, HASTE AND TRU-FISP SEQUENCES WERE USED TO OBTAIN T1W, T2W, AND FAT SUPPRESSED IMAGES.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"> </p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><u><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">FINDINGS:</span></u></strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"> </p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">A midline anterior abdominal wall defect is seen in epigastric region, measuring approximately 48 mm in transverse x 36 mm in CC dimension with protrusion of omentum. The herniated sac measures approximately 60x38mm & shows small fluid SI within. Adjacent scar tissue is seen in abdominal wall. Stomach is seen indenting hernia neck without obvious herniation.</span></strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></strong></p> <p><strong><u><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">IMPRESSION</span></u></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">: </span></strong></p> <ol> <li><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Anterior abdominal wall hernia </span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">in epigastric region (incisional hernia) as described above.</span></strong></li> </ol> <p><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span><strong style="font-size: 14pt;"><em><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Please correlate clinically. </span></em></strong></p>
CT-BRAIN-PLAIN	Chronic small vessel ischemic changes, Diffuse mild cerebral atrophy	<p style="text-align: center;"><strong><u>CT– BRAIN</u></strong><strong><u>-PLAIN</u></strong></p> <p><strong><u>TECHNIQUE:</u></strong> Serial axial sections of brain were made from base of skull to the vertex without contrast. (Base 5mm, Cerebrum 5mm).</p> <p> </p> <p><strong><u>H/O- RTA ON 1 MONTH BACK, FOLLOW UP CASE OF SDH, HTN</u></strong></p> <p> </p> <p><strong><u>OBSERVATION:</u></strong></p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Presence of hypodensities are seen in periventricular and deep white matter of bilateral fronto-parietal lobes - suggestive of chronic small vessel ischemic changes.</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Bilateral sulcal spaces, sylvian fissures, cisternal spaces, ventricular system appear enlarged.</strong></p> <p>No residual SDH is seen.</p> <p>The gray white differentiation is maintained.</p> <p>The cerebellum, brainstem appear normal.</p> <p>Bilateral basal ganglia and thalami are normal.</p> <p>Septum is in midline.</p> <p>Cerebello pontine angles and internal auditory meatus appear normal.</p> <p>The sella and parasellar regions are normal.</p> <p>Old fracture of right condylar process of mandible is seen. Rest of bones of skull and pericranial soft tissue appear normal.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong><u>IMPRESSION:</u></strong></p> <ol> <li><strong><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;"> </span></strong><strong>Chronic small vessel ischemic changes as described above.</strong></li> <li><strong><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;"> </span></strong><strong>Diffuse mild cerebral atrophy.</strong></li> </ol>
CT THORAX (HRCT STUDY)	Atelectatic bands seen in both lower lobes. No other significant abnormality seen.	<p style="text-align: center;"><strong><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">CT THORAX (HRCT STUDY)</span></strong></p> <p><strong><em><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">Technique:</span></em></strong></p> <p><em><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">Plain axial high resolution CT scan of the chest was performed with thin serial contiguous sections from thoracic inlet to the base of the lung & documented in soft tissue & lung window settings.</span></em></p> <p><em><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">Breathing artefacts are seen.</span></em></p> <p><strong><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;"> </span></strong></p> <p><strong><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">Findings:</span></strong></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;"> </span></p> <p><strong><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">Atelectatic bands seen in both lower lobes.</span></strong></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">No e/o GGO, consolidation, centrilobular branching opacities, bronchiectasis and honeycombing in bilateral lung fields.</span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">No evidence of pleural thickening / effusion bilaterally. </span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">No evidence of pericardial effusion is seen.</span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">No evidence of any enlarged mediastinal / axillary / supra or retroclavicular adenopathy.</span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">Tracheo-bronchial tree is normal. </span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">Thoracic oesophagus is normal. </span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">Mediastinal vasculature appears grossly normal on plain scan.</span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">Visualized bones are normal. </span></p> <p><strong><em><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;"> </span></em></strong></p> <p><strong><em><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">CONCLUSION</span></em></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">: </span></strong></p> <ol> <li><strong><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">Atelectatic bands seen in both lower lobes.</span></strong></li> <li><strong><span style="font-family: 'robotoregular',serif;">No other significant abnormality seen.</span></strong></li> </ol>
CT-BRAIN-PLAIN	No significant abnormality seen in brain.	<p style="text-align: center;"><strong><u>CT– BRAIN</u></strong><strong>-PLAIN</strong></p> <p><strong><u>TECHNIQUE:</u></strong> Serial axial sections of brain were made from base of skull to the vertex without contrast. (Base 5mm, Cerebrum 5mm).</p> <p> </p> <p><strong><u>OBSERVATION:</u></strong></p> <p> </p> <p>Brain parenchyma is normal.The gray white differentiation is maintained.</p> <p>The cerebellum, brainstem appears normal.</p> <p>Cerebello pontine angles and internal auditory meatus appear normal.</p> <p>Ventricular system is normal.</p> <p>The sella and parasellar regions are normal.</p> <p>The basal ganglia, thalami and capsular tracts appear normal.</p> <p>The bones of skull and pericranial soft tissue appear normal.</p> <p>Note- right sided DNS with bilateral maxillary, ethmoid, left frontal sinusitis.</p> <p><strong> </strong></p> <p><strong><u>IMPRESSION:</u></strong></p> <ol> <li><strong> </strong><strong>No significant abnormality seen in brain.</strong></li> </ol>
MRI Brain and Both Orbits – Plain	Partial empty sella with dilated bilateral optic nerve sheaths with indentations of bilateral optic discs with enlarged CSF spaces seen in bilateral Meckel’s cave, slit like bilateral lateral and 3rd ventricles : suggest benign intracranial hypertension. Fundus examination correlation is suggested.	<p><strong><u><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">MRI BRAIN AND BOTH ORBITS – PLAIN </span></u></strong></p> <p> </p> <p><strong><em><u><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">STUDY PROTOCOLS:</span></u></em></strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><em><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">MR IMAGING OF THE BRAIN AND BOTH ORBITS WAS PERFORMED USING AXIAL FLAIR, T1, DWI, ADC, GRE, T2FS AND T2 WEIGHTED SECTIONS AND CORRELATED WITH T2W SAGITTAL AND FLAIR CORONAL IMAGES.</span></em></strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><u><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">FINDINGS</span></u></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">: </span></strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Cerebral parenchyma show normal MR morphology and signal intensity with maintained grey-white matter differentiation. </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><em><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></em></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Diffusion weighted imaging carried out does not reveal any area displaying hyperintense signal intensity suggestive of restricted diffusion with increasing ‘b’ values. </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><em><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></em></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Bilateral ganglio-thalamic region appears normal in MR morphology.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Septum is in midline.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Basal cisterns and sylvian fissures are preserved.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Partial empty sella is seen. Bilateral optic nerve sheaths are dilated (enlarged CSF spaces) with indentations of bilateral optic discs. Enlarged CSF spaces are seen in bilateral Meckel’s cave. Slit like bilateral lateral and 3<sup>rd</sup> ventricles is seen.</span></strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Parasellar and suprasellar region are normal.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"><br/>Fourth ventricle is normal in size central in position.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Both the cerebellar hemispheres and brainstem show normal MR morphology.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Both globes appear normal in MR morphology. </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Extra-ocular muscles, intraconal and extraconal spaces show normal MR morphology on either side with no evidence of any obvious focal signal alteration or collection apparent at present on the available MR images.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Retro-ocular space and fat planes are preserved.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Bilateral optic nerves and optic chiasm appears normal in intrinsic signal intensity.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Bilateral cavernous sinuses appear normal.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><u><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">IMPRESSION</span></u></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">: </span></strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Partial empty sella with dilated bilateral optic nerve sheaths with indentations of bilateral optic discs with enlarged CSF spaces seen in bilateral Meckel’s cave, slit like bilateral lateral and 3<sup>rd</sup> ventricles : suggest benign intracranial hypertension. Fundus examination correlation is suggested.</span></strong></p> <p><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></strong></p> <p><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Needs clinical correlation and follow up. </span></strong><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></p>
CECT– WHOLE ABDOMEN	Bilateral renal tiny concretions seen at interpoles, Mild prostatomegaly with mild median lobe hypertrophy - likely mild BPH change.	<p style="text-align: center;"><strong><u><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">CECT– WHOLE ABDOMEN</span></u></strong></p> <p><strong><u><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">TECHNIQUE:</span></u></strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> Volume scan of the whole abdomen was made from xiphisternum to pubis without and with administration of IV and oral Contrast.</span></p> <p> </p> <p><strong><u><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">OBSERVATION:</span></u></strong></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> </span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Liver</span><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> is normal in size and shows uniform density. No obvious focal lesion is seen. CBD & IHBR are not dilated.</span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">GB</span><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> is distended with normal wall thickness. No hyperdense calculus is seen.</span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Pancreas</span><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> is normal in size and density. No calcification, obvious mass or peripancreatic fluid collection seen. The pancreatic duct is not dilated.</span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Spleen</span><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> is normal in size and density.</span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Both adrenals </span><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">appear normal in size and shape.</span></p> <p><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Bilateral renal tiny concretions are seen at interpoles.</span></strong></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Right kidney</span><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> is normal in size. Pelvicalyceal system not dilated.Ureter is not dilated. No calculus is seen. The vesico-ureteric junction appears normal.</span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Left kidney</span><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> is normal in size. Pelvicalyceal system not dilated.Ureter is not dilated. No calculus is seen. The vesico-ureteric junction appears normal.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Urinary bladder is partially distended and shows normal wall thickening. </span><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">No calculus or focal lesion is seen.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Prostate is mild enlarged (volume ~ 30 cc) with mild median lobe hypertrophy.</span></strong></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Both seminal vesicles are normal.</span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">There is no significant lymph nodes seen.</span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">No free fluid is seen in the peritoneal cavity.</span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">No obvious bowel wall thickening and dilatation seen. Appendix is seen with normal caliber.</span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Degenerative changes are seen in DL spine.</span></p> <p> </p> <p><strong><u><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">IMPRESSION:</span></u></strong></p> <ol> <li style="text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Bilateral renal tiny concretions seen at interpoles.</span></strong></li> <li style="text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Mild prostatomegaly with mild median lobe hypertrophy - likely mild BPH change. USG Pelvis & serum PSA correlation is suggested.</span></strong></li> </ol> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Kindly correlate clinically.</span></strong><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></p>
CT-BRAIN-PLAIN	Chronic small vessel ischemic changes, Diffuse cerebral atrophic change, Partial empty sella	<p style="text-align: center;"><strong><u>CT– BRAIN</u></strong><strong>-PLAIN</strong></p> <p><strong><u>TECHNIQUE:</u></strong> Serial axial sections of brain were made from base of skull to the vertex without contrast. (Base 5mm, Cerebrum 5mm).</p> <p> </p> <p><strong><u>OBSERVATION:</u></strong></p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Presence of hypodensities are seen in periventricular & deep white matter of bilateral fronto-parietal lobes – suggestive of chronic small vessel ischemic changes.</strong></p> <p><strong>Diffuse cerebral atrophic change in form of enlargement of bilateral sulcal spaces, sylvian fissures, ventricles, cisterns is seen.</strong></p> <p><strong>Partial empty sella is seen.</strong></p> <p>The rest of cerebral hemispheres are normal.</p> <p>Bilateral gangliothalamic regions are normal.</p> <p>The cerebellum, brainstem appears normal.</p> <p>The bones of skull and pericranial soft tissue appear normal.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong><u>IMPRESSION:</u></strong></p> <ol> <li style="font-weight: bold;"><strong>Chronic small vessel ischemic changes.</strong></li> <li style="font-weight: bold;"><strong>Diffuse cerebral atrophic change.</strong></li> <li style="font-weight: bold;"><strong>Partial empty sella.</strong></li> </ol> <p><strong><em>Kindly correlate clinically.</em></strong></p>
CT – BRAIN -PLAIN	1. Focal encephalomalacia with surrounding gliosis seen in left ganglio-capsular region (sequelae to previous CVA), 2. Partial empty sella.	<p style="text-align: center;"><strong><u>CT – BRAIN</u></strong><strong>-PLAIN</strong></p> <p><strong><u>TECHNIQUE:</u></strong> Serial axial sections of brain were made from base of skull to the vertex without contrast. (Base 5mm, Cerebrum 5mm).</p> <p> </p> <p><strong><u>OBSERVATION:</u></strong></p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Focal encephalomalacia with surrounding gliosis is seen in left ganglio-capsular region with mild ex-vaccuo dilatation of left lateral ventricle.</strong></p> <p><strong>Partial empty sella is seen.</strong></p> <p>Rest of brain is normal.</p> <p>Cerebellum, brainstem appears normal.</p> <p>Rest of ventricular system is normal.</p> <p>Right basal ganglia, both thalami appear normal.</p> <p>The bones of skull and pericranial soft tissue appear normal.</p> <p><strong> </strong></p> <p><strong><u>IMPRESSION:</u></strong></p> <p> </p> <p><strong>1. Focal encephalomalacia with surrounding gliosis seen in left ganglio-capsular region (sequelae to previous CVA).</strong></p> <p><strong>2. Partial empty sella.</strong></p>
CT-BRAIN-PLAIN	No significant abnormality seen.	<p style="text-align: center;"><strong><u>CT– BRAIN</u></strong><strong>-PLAIN</strong></p> <p><strong><u>TECHNIQUE:</u></strong> Serial axial sections of brain were made from base of skull to the vertex without contrast. (Base 5mm, Cerebrum 5mm).</p> <p> </p> <p><strong><u>OBSERVATION:</u></strong></p> <p> </p> <p>Brain parenchyma is normal.The gray white differentiation is maintained.</p> <p>The cerebellum, brainstem appears normal.</p> <p>Cerebello pontine angles and internal auditory meatus appear normal.</p> <p>Ventricular system is normal.</p> <p>The sella and parasellar regions are normal.</p> <p>The basal ganglia, thalami and capsular tracts appear normal.</p> <p>The bones of skull and pericranial soft tissue appear normal.</p> <p>Note – right sided DNS.</p> <p><strong> </strong></p> <p><strong><u>IMPRESSION:</u></strong></p> <p> </p> <ol> <li><strong> </strong><strong>No significant abnormality seen.</strong></li> </ol>
HRCT THORAX (PLAIN STUDY)	Consolidation with GGOs with septal thickening in right lower lobe, right minimal basal pleural effusion, and mild diffuse centrilobular emphysema in both lung fields.	<p style="text-align: center;"><strong>HRCT THORAX (PLAIN STUDY)</strong></p> <p><strong>Technique:</strong></p> <p>Plain axial high-resolution CT scan of the chest was performed with thin serial contiguous sections from thoracic inlet to the base of the lung & documented in soft tissue & lung window settings.</p> <p><strong>Breathing artefacts are seen.</strong></p> <p><strong> </strong></p> <p><strong>Findings:</strong></p> <p><strong>Consolidation with GGOs with septal thickening is seen in right lower lobe. Right minimal basal pleural effusion is seen.</strong></p> <p><strong>Mild diffuse centrilobular emphysema is seen in both ULs, LLs, RML.</strong></p> <p>Rest of lung is normal. A tiny calcified nodule seen in RUL.</p> <p>No evidence of pleural effusion is seen on left side.</p> <p>No evidence of pericardial effusion is seen.</p> <p>No significant mediastinal nodes are seen.</p> <p>Tracheo-bronchial tree is normal. </p> <p>Thoracic oesophagus is normal. </p> <p>Mediastinal vasculature appears grossly normal on plain scan.</p> <p>Visualized bones are normal.</p> <p><br/><strong><em>CONCLUSION</em>: </strong></p> <ol> <li><strong> </strong><strong>Consolidation with GGOs with septal thickening seen in right lower lobe & right minimal basal pleural effusion - suggestive of infective aetiology / bacterial pneumonia. Kindly correlate clinically and suggest follow up after antibiotic treatment.</strong></li> <li><strong> </strong><strong>Mild diffuse centrilobular emphysema seen in both lung fields.</strong></li> </ol>