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Wild hops is a common name for several plants Wild hops may refer to:

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Rabbi William M. Strongin is a prominent author, Director of Jewish Studies at State University of New York at New Paltz, and a spiritual leader at Kehillat Ahavat Achim, a Jewish congregation in New Paltz. Strongin received a BA at Stony Brook University, a MTS at Harvard, and a MAHL and DDiv from the Reconstructionist Rabbinical College in Wyncote, Pennsylvania. Strongin has written articles and book reviews in magazines, newspapers, and scholarly journals. In his article "Contemplating the Nature of Evil", Strongin describes evil as a necessary component of all human beings: on one hand, evil seeks to destroy us, but on the other hand, it also helps us grow and evolve as beings.

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telestes_karsticus"}

Species of fish Telestes karsticus is a species of freshwater fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is endemic to Croatia.

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derby_Dugan"}

Comic book series | inkers = | colorists = | creative_team_month = | creative_team_year = | creators = George WreckageWalter Geebus |subcat= |sort= }}

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Ladeanlegget is an outdoor sports complex in Trondheim consisting of several football pitches. Ladeanlegget is owned by Freidig SK but is located in the neighborhood of Lade and is the home field of Sportsklubben Trygg/Lade, while Freidig SK is based in the neighborhood of Eberg. Location The complex is located beside City Lade and close to Autronica-hallen, a small indoor sports and conference venue. Access to the complex is through Haakon VII's gate. The pitches Ladeanlegget consists of eight separate football pitches: four turf pitches, three gravel pitches and one artificial turf pitch. Several junior teams use these pitches for their matches, along with SK Trondheims-Ørn which uses the pitches for practice. Since the artificial turf is heated by buried cables, many teams use it in winter, when other fields are covered in snow or ice. Skandia Cup The Skandia Cup children's football tournament is held at Ladeanlegget, and is the second biggest football cup in Norway, after Norway Cup. Over 400 teams from multiple countries including Denmark, Sweden, and Finland participate in this event. Other Many other events are held at Ladeanlegget. One of them is an annual Rugby tournament in which teams from all over Trondheim compete. Coordinates: 63°26′47″N 10°26′48″E / 63.4464°N 10.4468°E / 63.4464; 10.4468

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Ramzi Toufic Salamé (born July 17, 1953 in Lebanon) is a writer and painter of Lebanese origin. Biography Salamé's parents were Lebanese immigrants in Liberia, but his early years were spent in Lebanon. He studied management studies at the American University of Beirut and law at the Saint Joseph University. Literary career He wrote the following works in French. They have been translated into Arabic. His novels criticize a society dominated by selfishness and careerism where man is managed by his instincts of power and domination. His writing is "simple and straightforward. He relies heavily on dialogue to convey his ideas, rather than narration or description". His work is a historical study in the guise of a novel. Salamé has listed Gerard Mordillat, Sun Tse, Jacques Baudouin and Guillaume Musso as his literary influences. Art Salamé's paintings depict serene nature in cheerful and lively colors, in a personal and naive style. He has exhibited in Lebanon, Paris, Switzerland and Belgium.

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tirathaba_rosella"}

Species of moth Tirathaba rosella is a species of moth of the family Pyralidae. It was described by George Hampson in 1898. It was described from Assam, India. The wingspan is about 34 mm. The forewings are pale reddish brown, irrorated (sprinkled) with black scales and with an indistinct blackish antemedial line, very oblique from the costa to the middle of the cell, then angled inwards below the cell. There are four or five black points below the subcostal nervure towards the end of the cell and a very indistinct postmedial line. There is also a prominent marginal series of black points. The hindwings are dull reddish-pink.

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Hulu documentary about leaving Mormonism 2022 American TV series or program Mormon No More is an American documentary television series that premiered on Hulu on June 24, 2022. The show follows Sally "Sal" Osborne and Lena Schwen as they discover their Lesbian sexuality and leave the Mormon faith. The series also includes interviews and stories from other Mormon and ex-Mormon members of the LGBTQ+ community. Matt Easton, Brad Talbot, Brock Aiken, and Polly Choque-Mendoza all share their stories of struggle to reconcile their faith with their sexuality. Episodes

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KIOT"}

Radio station in Los Lunas, New Mexico KIOT (102.5 FM, "Coyote 102.5") is an American radio station licensed to Los Lunas, New Mexico, and serving the Albuquerque and Santa Fe radio markets broadcasting a classic rock format with music from the late 1960s through the early 2000s. The station is owned by American General Media. Its studios are located in Northeast Albuquerque (a mile north of Central Avenue) and the transmitter tower is located atop Sandia Crest east of the city. History KIOT first launched in 1991 with an eclectic Triple-A format called "The Coyote". The callsign and format originated in late 1990 on 102.3 in Espanola after the station was purchased by KLSK founder Bill Sims and programmer Jack Kolkmeyer. The name "coyote" and KIOT callsign was selected to associate it as: "The coyote embodies the wild, free spirit that is the very soul and music of the world." KIOT used translators in Albuquerque before 102.5 signed on in 1994. The KIOT callsign moved to the Los Lunas station on August 5, 1994. In 1995 it was purchased by Simmons Media Group from Wizard Broadcasting for 1.6 million dollars. On September 1, 1995 the station switched to a classic rock format branded as "Arrow 102.5" but kept the KIOT callsign. In Fall 2002 it was sold to Hispanic Broadcasting (which later became Univision Radio in 2003) and renamed "Coyote" matching the callsign the original owners had given it but continued the classic rock format focused mostly on the 1960s and 1970s. By the late-2000s the station had added some rock tracks from the 1990s and early-2000s with a lot more 1980s rock putting it in more direct competition with KZRR "94 Rock". In 2010, the station gave former KZRR morning co-host Erica Viking her own morning show that later also featured "Big Benny" (now at KABG) until 2013 now co-hosted by "The Hoff". In previous years the station just featured a "music in the morning" approach. The station hosts some local live events including the annual "Rockalypse" featuring classic rock cover bands which began in 2013. On June 14, 2017, American General Media announced that it would acquire KIOT and sister stations KKSS and KKRG-FM from Univision, making them part of a cluster with KABG, KLVO and KARS/K275AO. The sale price for the Univision cluster was $5 million, down from $22.5 million paid in 2002. The sale was approved on August 23, 2017, and consummated on September 1, 2017. The radio station was briefly referenced in the season four premiere episode of Breaking Bad During one scene in a vehicle, a traffic report is given and the announcer says "on The Coyote". The show is set and filmed in Albuquerque.

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiff_Queen_Street_railway_station"}

Railway station in Cardiff, Wales Cardiff Queen Street railway station (Welsh: Caerdydd Heol y Frenhines) is a railway station serving the north and east of Central Cardiff, Wales. It is the fourth busiest railway station in Wales. It is located near the major thoroughfare of Queen Street and is one of 20 stations in the city. Along with Cardiff Central, it is one of the two major hubs of the Valleys & Cardiff Local Routes local rail network. The station and its services are run by Transport for Wales. In 2014, a reconstruction of the station was completed in order to reduce bottlenecks. Two extra platforms were put in (a previously existing platform, opposite platform 4, and a new platform next to platform 2 for the line to Cardiff Bay), taking the total number of platforms to 5. History Early history The first station close to the current site was opened by the Taff Vale Railway in October 1840 and was known as Cardiff Taff Vale. This station initially had one platform; a second was added in 1862 and, at the same time, the head office of the Taff Vale Railway was moved alongside the station. In 1887, Taff Vale station was demolished and replaced by a new station with the current name Cardiff Queen Street. At the time, it comprised two through platforms and a south facing bay, all covered by a large overall roof. In 1858, the Rhymney Railway built its own terminus just to the east of Queen Street called Adam Street. This was replaced in 1871 by a new station called Cardiff Crockherbtown, a short distance to the north-east of Queen Street. Crockherbtown station was renamed Cardiff (Rhymney) in 1888 and then Cardiff Parade in 1924. The Taff Vale and Rhymney railways became part of the Great Western Railway (GWR) in 1922. As there was no longer any need for two rival stations in close proximity, on 15 April 1928, the GWR opened a short connection just north of Queen Street connecting the Rhymney line to the Taff Vale line. This allowed Parade station to be closed and its services diverted to into Queen Street. To accommodate the extra Rhymney line services, Queen Street was enlarged from three to five platforms, with the addition of a new island platform. 1973 rebuild The station remained fairly unaltered until 1973, when it was completely rebuilt by British Rail. The station's overall roof was removed, the original Taff Vale station frontage and booking hall demolished and replaced with a modern structure, and the number of platforms reduced to three: a central island platform and a south facing bay. Modern electric lifts were installed to take passengers from the subway to the new platforms. On the east side of the station, a large office block called Brunel House was constructed; until 1984, it was the headquarters of the Cardiff division of British Rail's Western Region. In 1988, the entrance building was refurbished. In March 1990, platform 3 was turned into a through platform. In 2005, the station was fitted with new ticket gates, operational when the station is staffed, which allow easier access in both directions. In 2006, LED screens replaced the old information display monitors. The old station car park is now dedicated for private use by residents of a nearby modern apartment block, The Aspect. 2014 redevelopment As part of a £220m regeneration scheme to boost train capacity in Cardiff and the surrounding areas, Cardiff Central and Cardiff Queen Street stations were redeveloped from April 2013 and June 2014 respectively. The Cardiff Area Signalling Renewal project was completed by early 2017, funded by the UK Government's Department for Transport, Welsh Government and Network Rail. As part of the scheme, a new entrance building and two new platforms were constructed at Queen Street. This brought the number of platforms back up to the pre-1973 number of five, allowing the number of trains running through the station to be increased from 12 to 16 per hour. These included a second northbound through platform, and a south facing platform reserved for the shuttle service to Cardiff Bay. The new platforms were brought into use on 14 December 2014. In the spring of 2016, a roll of honour of those who served the armed forces between 1914 and 1919 from the Taff Vale Railway was put on display in the ticket hall. In November 2017, a QR code was added to give more information about those commemorated in the roll call. Services Queen Street is the main hub of the Valley Lines network – a railway system serving Cardiff, the Vale of Glamorgan, Bridgend and the South Wales Valleys – and has the solitary connection to Cardiff Bay. The station is located at the eastern end of the city centre, near the Capitol and St David's shopping centres, and sees heavy volumes of commuter rail traffic during the rush hour. The station has five platforms at a level raised above the surrounding roads: The typical Monday – Saturday service per hour (as of March 2016) is as follows: Northbound (towards Coryton and the Valleys): Southbound (towards Cardiff Central, Cardiff Bay, The Vale and to Radyr via the City Line):

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanessa_Harding"}

American professional wrestler and manager Leslie Culton (born October 11, 1970) better known by her ring name Vanessa Harding, is a semi-retired American professional wrestler and manager who has competed in North American independent promotions throughout the early 2000s including Full Impact Pro, Future of Wrestling, the Heartland Wrestling Association, Ohio Valley Wrestling and NWA Florida. She has also had short stints in Ring of Honor, World League Wrestling and Women's Extreme Wrestling. She is also known as Elle Cee, where she has appeared in several adult films, such as on the bangbus.com website. Professional wrestling career Training Born in Atlanta, Georgia, Harding frequently moved around up until adulthood. While living in Zephyr Hills, Florida, she became interested in professional wrestling after seeing Dusty Rhodes on Championship Wrestling from Florida. However, it was after she began regularly watching wrestling with an ex-boyfriend that she began to consider a career in professional wrestling. Hardy received much of her initial training from independent wrestlers Black Knight and Robbie Chance, however she also received training from others on the independent circuit including Mike Mondo or Mikey from WWE Spirit Squad in OVW, Mana (of the Samoan Island Tribe), Navy Seal, Pat Powers, Al Hardeman, Virgil and Dory Funk, Jr., among others. Harding later attended the IWA wrestling school. 2003–2005 She moved to St Petersburg, Florida and began managing wrestlers in Southeastern promotions. Harding began to build a solid reputation as a heel manager frequently using typical outside interference such as holding a leg down or more direct attacks including using the ring ropes to choke another wrestler, kicking him while outside the ring or using an eye gouge or neckbreaker. Among those she managed included Robbie Chance and The Heartbreak Express in Full Impact Pro. She also managed The Nighthawk in Southern Championship Wrestling and the National Wrestling Alliance. Later, as a wrestler, she also faced Luna Vachon on September 25, 2003. In October, Harding appeared in IPW Hardcore where she managed Mideon in his feud with Antonio Banks, and later Danny Doring, for almost a year before leaving to continue training. The following year, Harding managed Lexie Fyfe in her feud against Malia Hosaka and appeared on several PPV events for Woman's Extreme Wrestling. She also worked for Major League Wrestling as "Ring Girl". In mid-2004, Harding took part in the first-ever professional wrestling national tour of the People's Republic of China. Organized by NWA Mid-Atlantic Championship Wrestling, the tour began with its inaugural show, The Brawl at the Wall, held in Beijing near the Great Wall of China. Between August 15 to September 10, The Great Brawl of China tour visited Beijing, Shanghai, Nanjing, Shenzhen, Hong Kong and Guangzhou. Wrestlers who appeared on the 4-week tour included former NWA World Heavyweight Champion Barry Windham, Dustin Rhodes, The Barbarian, Glacier as well as NWA MACW Junior Heavyweight Champion Rikki Nelson, Chris Hamrick, Andrue Bane and Bruiser Bradley. Female wrestlers, the first to compete in China, included Malia Hosaka, Brandy Wine, Jenny Taylor and Amber Holly. Harding and SoCal Val also made their NWA MACW debuts on the tour. In September 2004, Harding was introduced as Ms. Blue (or Ms. Blu) in Ohio Valley Wrestling (OVW) as the newest member of manager Kenny Bolin's stable Bolin Services in September 2004. Later that year, in Georgia Championship Wrestling, she would also make a failed attempt to defeat GCW Women's International Champion Christie Ricci on November 27, 2004. On February 25, 2005, Harding made a one-time appearance for Ring of Honor in Dayton, Ohio as a valet and manager for Jimmy Rave and The Embassy. Later, she interfered in a match between Rave and A.J. Styles causing Styles to be pinned after Harding sprayed bug spray into his eyes. Feuding with Lady Victoria in the World Wrestling Alliance in late February, Harding defeated Syren by disqualification at an event for Hoosier Pro Wrestling on March 5, and in a tag team match with Fantasia, lost to Team Blondage (Krissy Vaine and Amber O'Neal) at a show for Carolina Championship Wrestling in Lenoir, North Carolina a week later. After a near 15 minute match, Fantasia was pinned by O'Neal while Vaine helped hold her down. Returning to Hoosier Pro Wrestling, she would defeat Lady Victoria in a singles match and later in a mixed tag team match teaming with Beech to defeat Lady Victoria & Robbie Chance on April 2. In one of her last appearances on OVW television on June 4, Harding fought to a no contest with Alexis Laree after Laree and Mike Mondo became involved in an altercation in which she slapped Mondo after he had kissed her. At the Independent Association of Wrestling supercard Clash at the Cove, Harding lost to Jacqueline in a three-way match with Krystal Carmichael for the IAW Championship at Coveleski Stadium in South Bend, Indiana on June 25. Harding left OVW in August planning to take a year off from competition. On September 2, Harding appeared at the 2005 Dragon*Con against Lexie Faye at the Hyatt Regency Atlanta Hotel. The following night, Harding was eliminated by Lady Victoria in a three-way dance with Lexie Fyfe. 2006–2008 In January 2006, Harding began touring Italy appearing with Nu-Wrestling Evolution losing to Nikita on January 29, 2006. On March 25, 2007, Harding faced Hellena Heavenly at the Heartbreakers supercard. In August 2008, Harding made an appearance for Lady Victoria's Ringin' Wet & Wild show at the annual Sturgis Motorcycle Rally. Held at the Buffalo Chip Campground, Harding faced Christie Ricci, Sybil Starr and Lady Victoria in matches held at several locations at the campground and amphitheater. Championships and accomplishments

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Cultural Monument in Albania Kamenicë Church (Albanian: Rrënojat e Kishës së Kamenicës) is a ruined church in Palavli, Delvinë, Albania. It is a Cultural Monument of Albania.

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephan_Henrik_Barratt-Due"}

Musical artist Stephan Henrik Barratt-Due (19 February 1919 – 18 November 1985) was a Norwegian violinist and music teacher and son of violinist Henrik Adam Due (1891–1966) and Mary Barratt Due (b. Barratt, 1888–1969). He married Else Barratt-Due (b. Holst, 1925–2006), and together they had five children, among them pianist Cecilie Barratt-Due (1950–) and violinist Stephan Barratt-Due Jr. (1956–), who is married to violinist Soon-Mi Chung. Biography Barrat-Due studied violin with his father from an early age, and debuted in 1940. He held numerous concerts in Scandinavia, the UK and USA, and was artistic director of the Barratt Due Institute of Music from 1970 to 1985.

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goornong"}

Town in Victoria, Australia Goornong is a town in north central Victoria, Australia. The town is in the City of Greater Bendigo local government area and on the Midland Highway, 159 kilometres (99 mi) north of the state capital, Melbourne. At the 2021 census, Goornong had a population of 718. A railway station opened in December 2021 as part of the Regional Rail Revival project, in order to serve the area.

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypatima_probolaea"}

Species of moth Hypatima probolaea is a species of moth in the family Gelechiidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1913. It is found in Mpumalanga, South Africa. The wingspan is about 16 mm. The forewings are pale brownish, with some scattered dark fuscous scales and a blackish streak beneath the costa from the base to two-fifths, as well as a blackish line along the fold from the base to an elongate dark fuscous partially white-edged spot representing the plical stigma, its basal portion traversing a larger dark fuscous spot. A blackish line is found from above the plical stigma through the middle of the disc to the apex, interrupted beyond two-thirds by an irregular dark fuscous spot edged laterally with whitish, and also obliquely cut with whitish in the middle. There is an undefined narrow patch of dark fuscous suffusion extending along the median third of the costa, terminated with whitish and also a streak of blackish suffusion from beneath the extremity of this to the costa before the apex. The hindwings are dark grey, anteriorly with hyaline (glass-like) spaces between the veins.

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%80"}

Letter of the Latin alphabet À, à (a-grave) is a letter of the Catalan, Emilian-Romagnol, French, Galician, Italian, Maltese, Occitan, Portuguese, Sardinian, Scottish Gaelic, Vietnamese, and Welsh languages consisting of the letter A of the ISO basic Latin alphabet and a grave accent. À is also used in Pinyin transliteration. In most languages, it represents the vowel a. This letter is also a letter in Taos to indicate a mid tone. In accounting or invoices, à abbreviates "at a rate of": "5 apples à $1" (one dollar each). That usage is based upon the French preposition à and has evolved into the at sign (@). Sometimes, it is part of a surname: Thomas à Kempis, Mary Anne à Beckett. Usage in various languages Emilian-Romagnol À is used in Emilian to represent short stressed [a], e.g. Bolognese dialect sacàtt [saˈkatː] "sack". French The grave accent is used in the French language to differentiate homophones, e.g. the third person conjugation of a "[he/she/it] has" and à "at, in, and to". Portuguese À is used in Portuguese to represent a contraction of the feminine singular definite article A with the preposition A: Ele foi à praia. He went to the beach. Character mappings Microsoft Windows users can type an "à" by pressing Alt+133 or Alt+0224 on the numeric pad of the keyboard. "À" can be typed by pressing Alt+0192. On a Mac, you hold ⌥ Option+`, and then let go and type a.

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_Diversity"}

Academic journal Molecular Diversity is a quarterly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Springer Science+Business Media covering research on molecular diversity and combinatorial chemistry in basic and applied research and drug discovery. The journal publishes both short and full-length papers, perspectives, news, and reviews. Coverage addresses the generation of molecular diversity, application of diversity for screening against alternative targets of all types, and the analysis of results and their applications. The journal was established in 1995 and the editors-in-chief are Hong-yu Li and Kunal Roy. History The journal ceased publication at the end of 2000, but was revived when starting in 2003 it absorbed Molecular Diversity Preservation International's Journal of Molecular Diversity (ISSN 1424-7917). Shu-Kun Lin served as editor-in-chief and edited volumes 6-11 (2003-2007). He was succeeded by Guillermo A. Morales, who has been editor-in-chief until June 2018. Abstracting and indexing The journal is abstracted and indexed in: According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2020 impact factor of 2.943.

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oh_Boy_Records"}

American independent record label Oh Boy Records is an independent American record label founded in 1981 by singer John Prine, his manager Al Bunetta, and their friend Dan Einstein. The label has released more than 40 audio and video recordings by singer-songwriters Prine, Kris Kristofferson, Daniel "Slick" Ballinger, Shawn Camp, Dan Reeder, and Todd Snider, along with a dozen reissues of classic country music artists. Oh Boy Records also manages two subsidiary labels, Steve Goodman's Red Pajamas Records and specialty label Blue Plate Music. Oh Boy is based in Nashville, Tennessee. History Al Bunetta was a talent manager with Paul Anka's management company CMA, working with artists such as Bette Midler, Al Green, and The Manhattan Transfer. When Anka signed John Prine and Steve Goodman to management contracts in 1971, Bunetta became the manager for both of them. In 1980, Prine finished his recording contract with Asylum and moved to Nashville. Rather than sign with another major label, he decided to start one of his own, and was joined by Bunetta and associate Dan Einstein. The new Oh Boy label's first release was a red vinyl Christmas single with Prine singing "I Saw Mommy Kissing Santa Claus" on the A-side and "Silver Bells" on the B-side. The first full-length release was Prine's Aimless Love in 1984. Around 1989, Sony offered to buy Oh Boy Records, but Prine decided to keep the label independent and turned down the offer. Recent projects In 2000, the label began reissuing a series of classic country music artists titled Oh Boy Classics Presents... These are remastered versions of the original recordings. The first three artists in this series were Roger Miller, Willie Nelson, and Merle Haggard. In 2007, Oh Boy released Standard Songs for Average People, an album of classic country duets by Prine and bluegrass singer Mac Wiseman. In February 2010, singer-songwriter Dan Reeder released his album This New Century, using instruments he made himself. The release of a new Prine live album in 2010, In Person & On Stage, was followed by Broken Hearts & Dirty Windows, a tribute album of Prine songs performed by artists such as Sara Watkins and Old Crow Medicine Show. Both of these 2010 releases debuted at number one on the Billboard Folk Album charts. In April 2018, John Prine released Tree of Forgiveness produced by Dave Cobb. This was Prine's first album of original works in 13 years. Guest artists on the album include Brandi Carlile, Jason Isbell, Amanda Shires, and Dan Auerbach. In 2019, the label signed singer-songwriter Kelsey Waldon. The female outlaw country singer is Oh Boy's first artist signing in 15 years. In December 2019, Oh Boy Records signed Sacramento, California-based indie folk-singer Tré Burt. Burt was introduced to the label by Jody Whelan, who had discovered the folk singer's album Caught It from the Rye. In June 2020, Oh Boy Records signed Ohio-based country singer Arlo McKinley, marking him as the last signee by John Prine. Discography

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_B._Page"}

American politician John Boardman Page (February 25, 1826 – October 24, 1885) was an American businessman and politician from Vermont. He served as Vermont State Treasurer from 1860 to 1866 and was the 30th governor of Vermont from 1867 to 1869. Biography Page was born in Rutland City, Vermont (then a village in Rutland Town), on February 25, 1826, a son of William Page and Cynthia Amanda (Hickok) Page. He was educated in the public schools of Rutland and attended Burr Seminary in Manchester, Vermont (now Burr and Burton Academy). Business career Page's father was cashier of the Bank of Rutland, and after completing his seminary education at age 16 or 17, Page joined his father at the bank. He worked as a clerk and teller, then became the bank's cashier in 1849, when his father was appointed the bank's president. Page served as cashier until 1866, when he succeeded his father as president. He continued to serve as president until retiring in 1884. Page was also a partner in the Brandon Manufacturing Company (producer of Howe Scales). In addition, he was a partner in the Sutherland Falls Marble Company, which was later acquired by the Vermont Marble Company. Page was also involved in the insurance business and was an incorporator of the New England Fire Insurance Company. In addition to his career at the Bank of Rutland, in 1852 Page was an original incorporator of the Rutland Savings Bank, and was appointed as its treasurer. He was also president of the Rutland Railroad, vice president of the Central Vermont Railroad, and a shareholder or director of the Bennington and Rutland, West Shore, Vermont Valley, Montreal and Plattsburgh, and Plattsburgh and Whitehall Railroads, as well as several other local and regional rail lines. In addition, he was involved in shipping as a director of the Lake Champlain Transportation Company and the Caughnawaga Ship Canal project that was intended to link Upstate New York, Vermont, and Canada. Civic activism and philanthropy Page was a promoter of education, and worked to consolidate and modernize the Rutland school system. In addition, he was a trustee of Middlebury College and a member of the Burr and Burton Academy board of trustees. He was also an organizer and member of Rutland's volunteer fire department, and led the committee that created the city's first municipal water supply. A Congregationalist, Page was a devoted member of Rutland's Grace Church and served as Sunday school superintendent and deacon. He was also the head of the building committee which oversaw construction of a new building for the church in 1860 as well as subsequent improvements and additions. Page was active with the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions and earned national headlines in 1876 when he volunteered to raise money to pay off the organization's debt. He raised more than $40,000 in just a few hours, including his own $5,000 contribution, ensuring the organization could balance future budgets and continue its work. Political career State legislator Page represented Rutland in the Vermont House of Representatives from 1852 to 1855. Originally a Whig, he became a Republican when the party was founded in the mid-1850s. State treasurer In 1860, Page was elected Vermont State Treasurer. he was reelected annually until 1865 and served from 1860 to 1866. During the American Civil War, Page was appointed by President Abraham Lincoln as a federal allotment commissioner, responsible for visiting Vermont soldiers in the field, collecting money from their pay, and distributing it to their families in Vermont. He was also responsible for the financing of Vermont's pro-Union efforts during the war, including recruiting, training, equipping, and paying soldiers. The state's efforts included bond issues and other financial instruments designed to raise money and repay it over time, and Page was commended for his successful management of the wartime enterprise. Governor Page was elected Governor of Vermont in 1867. He was reelected in 1868, and served from October 1867 to October 1869. As governor, Page ensured that the state government completed its process of auditing Vermont's wartime finances and accounting for funds raised and spent during the Civil War. He also implemented plans for increased state aid to local school systems and proposed legislation that would have exempted new manufacturing businesses from state taxes for up to five years. In keeping with the Republican Party's Mountain Rule, Page was not a candidate for reelection in 1869. Later life After leaving the governorship, Page returned to his banking and business pursuits. He declined most requests to resume participation in politics, but did agree to serve a term in the Vermont House of Representatives again from 1880 to 1882 and as moderator of Rutland's village meeting in 1884. Page was the defendant in a nationally publicized 1885 lawsuit brought by the family of Percival W. Clement, which had bought a majority stake in the Rutland Railroad and attempted to recover $125,000 ($4 million in 2008) which it said Page had defrauded the company of while he was its president. The Bank of Rutland was liquidated to cover the losses, and Howe Scales was placed into receivership. Page blamed an employee of the bank and said he had also lost personal funds in the fraud. Though he initially was the subject of unfavorable public opinion, sentiment turned to Page's favor as evidence was presented in a trial that lasted more than four months. The proceedings ended in May with Page's vindication; he was found not liable for the losses. In addition, the new owners of the railroad were found to have damaged Page's reputation, for which he was awarded $1 as token compensation. Death and burial Page died in Rutland on October 24, 1885. His funeral took place at Grace Church, and pallbearers included Redfield Proctor and William Y. W. Ripley. Page was interred at Evergreen Cemetery in Rutland. Family In 1848, Page married Mary Ann Reynolds with whom he had four children—Susan, William, Edward, and Helen. With his second wife, Harriett Ellen Smith, whom he married in 1875, Page had four children—Katherine, John, Henrietta, and Margaret. Sources Books Newspapers Magazines

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eugene_Guth"}

Eugene Guth (August 21, 1905 – July 5, 1990) was a Hungarian American physicist who made contributions to polymer physics and to nuclear and solid state physics. He was awarded a Ph.D. in Theoretical Physics by the University of Vienna in 1928. He was a postdoctoral research associate with Wolfgang Pauli at the Austrian-German Science Foundation, Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich and University of Leipzig, with Werner Heisenberg from 1930 to 1931. He was Professor at the University of Vienna (1932–1937) and the University of Notre Dame 1937-1955. He was at Oak Ridge National Laboratory from 1955 to 1971. Discoveries He is noted for several pioneering discoveries that advanced the field of polymer physics, which was recognised by the award of the Bingham Medal for rheology in 1965. These included the treatment of the flexible, randomly kinked molecule in Brownian motion of polymers; the explanation of the entropic origin of the elastic force; and the Kinetic Theory of Rubber Elasticity. Aside from establishing the first polymer physics laboratory at an academic institution in America, Dr. Guth had an international reputation in physics and polymer science. In 1976, he delivered the first plenary lecture on "Birth and Rise of Polymer Science - Myth and Truth," before the International Symposium on Applied Polymer Science. Two years later, he received the University of Vienna's Distinguished Alumnus Award, and in 1979, he was awarded the Honor Cross of Science and Arts by President Rudolf Kirchschläger of the Republic of Austria. He remained interested in science throughout his entire life. His last article was published posthumously in 1991 in the Journal of Polymer Science Part B. Legacy A book, co-edited by his long-time friend and colleague Professor J. E. (Jim) Mark of the University of Cincinnati, was intended to celebrate Eugene Guth's 85th birthday, but subsequently was published as a memorial. The book is entitled "Elastomeric Polymer Networks", Prentice Hall Publishers, 1992, ISBN 0-13-249483-3. The oval picture to the right is found in the inside preface to that collected papers volume.

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American authors' association The Society of Midland Authors is an association of published authors from twelve American states: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin. According to its constitution, the Society was organized April 24, 1915 with the following intent: "The objects of the Society are: A closer association among the writers of the Middle West, the stimulation of creative literary effort, and the establishment of a library of books and manuscripts by members of the organization." The Society of Midland Authors is headquartered in Chicago. Many of its meetings are held at the Cliff Dwellers Club. Notable members Founded in 1915, the Society elected as its first president Hobart Chatfield-Taylor. Charter members included Hamlin Garland, James Whitcomb Riley, William Allen White, Edna Ferber, Harriet Monroe, George Ade, Vachel Lindsay and Clarence Darrow. Other notable members over the years included Ring Lardner, Edgar Lee Masters, Loredo Taft, Gene Stratton Porter, Jane Addams, Daniel J. Boorstin, August Derleth and Carl Sandburg. Literary awards Each year, the Society of Midland Authors gives literary awards in the categories of Adult Fiction, Adult Nonfiction, Biography, Children's Fiction, Children's Nonfiction, and Poetry. The James Friend Memorial Award for Literary and Dramatic Criticism is also given.

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_McGovern_(American_politician)"}

U.S. Representative from Massachusetts James Patrick McGovern (born November 20, 1959) is a member of the United States House of Representatives, representing Massachusetts's 2nd congressional district since 1997. A member of the Democratic Party, he is the ranking member of the House Rules Committee, chaired the Congressional-Executive Commission on China, and was the ranking member of the Tom Lantos Human Rights Commission. His district, numbered as the 3rd district from 1997 to 2013, stretches from Worcester to the Pioneer Valley. Born and raised in Worcester, McGovern attended Worcester Academy. While in college he worked as a congressional intern and then aide to U.S. Senator George McGovern (to whom he is not related), a two-time presidential candidate for whom he campaigned. From 1981 to 1996 he was a senior staff member for U.S. Representative Joe Moakley. McGovern first ran for Congress in 1994, losing the Democratic primary. He ran again in 1996, defeating Republican incumbent Peter Blute. He has been reelected every two years since without serious difficulty. As chairman of the board of the Congressional Hunger Center, McGovern is known as a leading voice on ending hunger and food insecurity both in the United States and globally. He was a key architect of the McGovern-Dole International Food for Education and Child Nutrition Program. For his work he has earned a 2016 James Beard Leadership Award from the James Beard Foundation and a 2008 McGovern-Dole Leadership Award from the World Food Program USA. Another focus of McGovern's career has been international human rights, which he has advocated for in countries such as El Salvador, Sudan, Colombia, and the region of Tibet. He is a member of the Congressional Progressive Caucus and has been ranked as one of Congress's most liberal members. Early life, education, and career James Patrick McGovern was born in Worcester, Massachusetts, on November 20, 1959. He grew up in Worcester, where his mother, Mindy, was a dance instructor and his father, Walter, owned a liquor store. In junior high school, he first became involved in politics by campaigning for Democratic U.S. Senator George McGovern (to whom he is not related) in his unsuccessful 1972 presidential bid. After graduating from Worcester Academy, he moved to Washington, D.C., where from 1977 to 1980 he worked as an aide to George McGovern. Jim McGovern attended American University, where he received a Bachelor of Arts in history in 1981 and a Master of Public Administration in 1984. He also served as director of the Kennedy Political Union, American University's student-run speakers bureau. George McGovern ran for president again in 1984, and Jim McGovern was the state coordinator of his Massachusetts campaign branch, and made his nominating speech at the 1984 Democratic National Convention. In 1981, Jim McGovern joined the Capitol Hill staff of U.S. Representative Joe Moakley. In 1990, Moakley appointed him to lead a House task force investigating the 1989 murder of six Jesuit priests and two women in El Salvador by the Atlácatl Battalion, working with Salvadoran activist Leonel Gómez Vides. He later advocated cutting off U.S. funding for the U.S. Army School of the Americas, where several of the military members had been trained. U.S. House of Representatives Elections McGovern first ran for Congress in 1994, entering a crowded Democratic primary to represent the area then defined as Massachusetts's 3rd district. The district, in central and southeastern Massachusetts, included parts of Bristol, Middlesex, Norfolk, and Worcester counties–essentially, the heart of the MetroWest region. During the campaign, McGovern said his record as "a Washington insider" would make him a more effective representative. Despite endorsements from Moakley, George McGovern, and presidential aide George Stephanopoulos, McGovern lost the primary to Massachusetts State Representative Kevin O'Sullivan, who then lost to Republican incumbent Peter Blute. McGovern left Moakley's office in 1996 and moved back to Worcester, again running for Congress. This time, he won the nomination unopposed and faced Blute in the general election. His campaign slogan focused on unseating House Speaker Newt Gingrich: "To dump Newt you have to dump Blute." Blute was endorsed by The Boston Globe and five other local papers, but McGovern won the election with 53% of the vote. He has never faced another contest nearly that close, and has been reelected 13 times. He ran unopposed in 2000 and 2002. In 2004, he was opposed by Republican Ronald A. Crews, an evangelical pastor, former Georgia state legislator, and president of the Massachusetts Family Institute. A national conservative activist, Crews challenged McGovern's positions on same-sex marriage and abortion. McGovern derided his opponent's focus on social issues, saying, "When Ron Crews gets up in the morning, the first thing he thinks about is gay marriage. I don't think that is the most important issue for most families. Jobs, health care, education, how to make the world a more peaceful place, those are the issues people care about." McGovern defeated Crews with 71% of the vote, and ran unopposed in 2006 and 2008. In the 2010 election, McGovern faced Republican Marty Lamb, a real estate lawyer, and independent Patrick J. Barron, a Department of Mental Health administrator. He was reelected with 57% of the vote. When Massachusetts lost a district in the 2010 census, McGovern's district was renumbered as the 2nd district and pushed west to Amherst and the Pioneer Valley. He ran unopposed in 2012, 2014, and 2016. Tenure McGovern took over the top Democratic position on the House Rules Committee when Louise Slaughter died. After the 2018 midterm elections in which Democrats won the House majority, McGovern became chair. Called the "Speaker's Committee" because it is the mechanism that the Speaker of the House uses to maintain order and control of the House Floor, the Rules Committee is often considered the most powerful committee in Congress. As chair, McGovern can influence the introduction and consideration of almost every piece of legislation that comes to a vote. One of McGovern's first actions as chair was to pass a sweeping set of reforms to the House Rules. He wrote at the time that his changes were designed to "usher in a new era of clean government". McGovern also said the rules changes were "the result of unprecedented bipartisan outreach" and that he had met with "both Democrats and Republicans to seek their input on potential changes". The National Journal reported that McGovern had used his Capitol Hill experience to help position himself as "a power broker in the Democratic caucus". In 2001, McGovern's mentor, Joe Moakley, at the time dying of cancer, asked Dick Gephardt to help McGovern attain a seat on the Rules Committee. He was given a commitment for the next available Democratic seat. On the Rules Committee, McGovern has been able to use his experience with House procedures to his advantage. With Republicans comprising the majority of the panel, he "showed a sharp partisan edge as he embraced parliamentary maneuvers that led to cries of outrage" from Republican members.[citation needed] Impeachment of Donald Trump As chair, McGovern played a central role in devising procedures the House adopted for the first impeachment of Donald Trump. At the time, McGovern wrote in The Boston Globe that "[t]he House will ensure the public-facing phase of this inquiry is transparent and will stand the test of time." He later explained his decision to vote for impeachment by saying, "I often think about kids today getting involved in the political process just like I did back in 1972. What will they think if we say that the president’s actions don’t matter?" He supported impeaching Trump again for inciting the January 6, 2021, U.S. Capitol attack. Visit to Ukraine On April 30, 2022, McGovern accompanied House Speaker Nancy Pelosi and three other U.S. representatives on a secret trip to Kyiv, Ukraine, and met with President Volodymyr Zelensky. The delegation pledged billions of dollars in military aid. Domestic policy Transportation For his first three terms, McGovern served on the House Transportation Committee. He and Representative John Olver, who served on the House Appropriations Committee, coordinated to bring extensive transportation funding to their districts. When criticized for his heavy use of earmarks, McGovern responded, "It's not pork. It's nourishment." Fiscal policy McGovern supported economic stimulus efforts during the late-2000s recession, including the Economic Stimulus Act in February 2008 and the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act (which established the Troubled Asset Relief Program) in October 2008. He supported the Obama administration's 2009 stimulus package. Responding to Republican criticism of Democratic budgetary priorities, he chided the GOP for running up the national debt under George W. Bush, saying: "It is somewhat ironic that the very people who drove this economy into a ditch are now complaining about the size of the tow truck." He voted to instate the Statutory Pay-As-You-Go Act in February 2010. Education The Higher Education Act of 1998 included an amendment by McGovern that doubled Pell Grant funding for two years for students who graduate in the top 10 percent of their class. Nutrition As co-chair of the House Hunger Caucus, McGovern is an advocate for expanding child nutrition programs both domestically and internationally. In 2007, he obtained $840 million in required funding for the McGovern-Dole International Food for Education and Child Nutrition Program in the House version of the farm bill. The House–Senate conference committee stripped most of the funding from the final bill. As the co-chair of the Congressional Hunger Center, McGovern has pushed for changes to foreign aid and hunger relief programs. He proposed establishing a "hunger czar position" to take on food issues. McGovern also took part in the food stamp challenge, which entailed living on the average $21 in food stamps for a week. Immigration McGovern has voted against major efforts to restrict illegal immigration, including the REAL ID Act of 2005, the Border Protection, Anti-terrorism, and Illegal Immigration Control Act of 2005, and the Secure Fence Act of 2006. Health care McGovern believes health care is a human right. He voted for the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010, ultimately pushing for a robust public option that was not included in the final measure. He supports Medicare for All. Voting age In January 2023, McGovern was one of 13 cosponsors of an amendment to the Constitution of the United States extending the right to vote to citizens sixteen years of age or older. Corporate personhood In 2010, McGovern said he thought the Supreme Court decision Citizens United was wrongly decided, and that the First Amendment does not protect unlimited political advertising by corporations. He elaborated, saying that corporations should not "have the same equality as a regular voter". At first, he said that "the Constitution was wrong", but later said he had misspoken. On November 15, 2011, McGovern introduced the People's Rights Amendment, a proposal to limit the Constitution's protections to only natural persons, not corporations. In January 2012, McGovern promoted his participation in a panel discussion titled "Corporations are not people." On July 14, 2014, McGovern and Representative Ted Deutch introduced H.J. Res 119, which includes a section to address corporate personhood. Social issues McGovern has a pro-choice record on abortion. He voted against the Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act in 2003 and the Unborn Victims of Violence Act in 2004. He supports stem cell research, voting for the Stem Cell Research Enhancement Act in 2005, 2007, and 2009. He voted for the Employment Non-Discrimination Act of 2007, which would have prevented employment discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation. He voted against the Federal Marriage Amendment, which would have constitutionally outlawed same-sex marriage, in 2004 and 2006, and co-sponsored the Respect for Marriage Act of 2009, which would allow the federal government to recognize same-sex marriages. Objection to 2016 presidential election results On January 6, 2017, McGovern objected to Alabama's electoral votes, which Donald Trump had won with 62.08% of the vote. Because no senator joined his objection, the objection was dismissed. Foreign policy and human rights China On July 21, 2019, McGovern called attacks against Hong Kong's anti-extradition bill protesters "orchestrated violence against peaceful protesters" and urged Hong Kong authorities to protect the freedom of demonstration. On 27 October 2022, McGovern and Senator Jeff Merkley urged U.S. financial executives to cancel their attendance at the Global Financial Leaders' Investment Summit, saying, "Their presence only serves to legitimize the swift dismantling of Hong Kong's autonomy, free press, and the rule of law by Hong Kong authorities acting along with the Chinese Communist Party." Iraq McGovern has vocally opposed the Iraq War since its inception. He voted against the initial authorization of military force against Iraq in October 2002. In May 2007, McGovern introduced H.R. 2237, to "provide for the redeployment of United States Armed Forces and defense contractors from Iraq". The bill failed by a vote of 255 to 171. Afghanistan McGovern initially supported the War in Afghanistan, but became increasingly skeptical of it. In June 2010, he pushed a funding amendment to require President Barack Obama to make a draw-down plan before any further funding would be authorized. "Let us not waste, you know, more resources, more lives, on a policy that quite frankly is going to lead us nowhere", McGovern said. "We need to let Afghan President Hamid Karzai know that we're not a cheap date. We expect him to clean up his government." Sudan McGovern has been a prominent voice against the Islamist governments of Sudan for its prosecution of the war in Darfur. He has been arrested three times, twice during protests outside the Sudanese Embassy in Washington D.C. On April 28, 2006, he was one of five members of Congress arrested while protesting atrocities in Darfur, along with Sheila Jackson Lee, Jim Moran, John Olver, and Tom Lantos. McGovern was arrested again at the Sudanese embassy on April 27, 2009, this time accompanied by Representatives John Lewis, Donna Edwards, Lynn Woolsey, and Keith Ellison. He was arrested again on March 16, 2012, alongside George Clooney, during a protest outside the Sudanese embassy against the Bashir regime in Sudan. In April 2007, he called for the U.S. and other countries to boycott the 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing to protest the Chinese government's support of the Sudanese government and, by extension, the genocide in Darfur. Colombia McGovern has traveled several times to Colombia to meet with human rights advocates, and has been very critical of Plan Colombia and US military aid to that country. On March 25, 2008, The Wall Street Journal published an unsigned editorial suggesting that McGovern supported the Marxist FARC rebels in Colombia. According to the Journal, an investigation of the computer hard drive of the recently killed Raúl Reyes, second-in-command of the FARC, had turned up material indicating "an ardent effort" by McGovern "to do business directly with the FARC." The article said that McGovern had been "working with an American go-between, who has been offering the rebels help in undermining Colombia's elected and popular government." In response, McGovern said that his concern was to help win the release of hostages held by the FARC, as requested by several of their families. He said he had no sympathy for the rebels. On February 13, 2009, McGovern offered a resolution on the subject of the trial of the Iranian Baháʼí Faith leadership co-sponsored by seven others in H.Res. 175. The situation has gathered international attention, including defense of Nobel Laureate attorney Shirin Ebadi after she received threats warning her against making speeches abroad, and defending Iran's minority Baháʼí community. Cuba McGovern advocates normalizing diplomatic relations with Cuba. He accompanied President Barack Obama to Cuba in 2016. He said at the time that "Americans have long been ready for a 21st-century approach to Cuba and with our two nations working together, we can create new opportunities for American businesses, increase travel and exchange, and support efforts in Cuba to advance democratic reforms and promote human rights.” He also joined Secretary of State John Kerry on a 2019 trip to reopen the U.S. embassy in Havana. In 2000, McGovern met with the Cuban grandmothers of five-year-old Elian Gonzalez. Elian's mother had drowned while trying to escape from Cuba with the boy. Although Elian reached Florida safely, McGovern advocated for his return to his father's custody in Cuba. In 2002 McGovern joined the Congressional Cuba Working Group, which advocated for lowering restrictions on travel and food shipment to Cuba. He is the current co-chair of the Tom Lantos Human Rights Commission (formerly the "Human Rights Caucus"). His work on human rights issues earned him the Washington Office on Latin America's "Human Rights Award" in 2007. Myanmar On November 18, 2013, McGovern introduced House Resolution 418. The resolution calls on the government of Myanmar to end the persecution and discrimination of the Rohingya people within its borders and calls on the U.S. government and the international community to pressure the Burmese to do so. The resolution was in response to allegations of Burmese Buddhist attacks on Rohingya Muslims earlier in 2014. McGovern argued that "the Burmese government needs to recognize the Rohingya as an ethnic group. The situation is dire and rapidly deteriorating." Other work On April 25, 2018, 57 House members, including McGovern, released a condemnation of Holocaust distortion in Ukraine and Poland. They criticized Poland's new Holocaust law and Ukraine's 2015 memory laws glorifying Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA) and its leaders, such as Roman Shukhevych. Committee assignments Caucus memberships Political positions McGovern has aligned himself with liberal and progressive causes. "It's no secret that I'm a liberal", he said in 2010. "I didn't poll any of this stuff, but I am who I am." Political interest groups generally rank McGovern as one of the most liberal members of Congress. The National Journal ranked him among the seven most liberal representatives. The Washington Post noted numerous similarities between McGovern and his mentor, 1972 Democratic presidential nominee George McGovern: "Both are considered among the most liberal and anti-war lawmakers of their generation. The most prominent difference? They aren't related." From 1997 to 2007, the liberal advocacy group Americans for Democratic Action gave him an average vote rating of 98.5%, whereas its conservative counterpart, the American Conservative Union, gave him an average vote rating of 2.5%. The United States Chamber of Commerce, which advocates for business-oriented policies, gave McGovern a 33% lifetime rating as of 2011. Family and personal life McGovern lives in Worcester with his wife, Lisa Murray McGovern, a former aide to U.S. Representative Gerry Studds. They have two children. He has two sisters, who are teachers in the Worcester public school system. In November 2010, McGovern underwent surgery to remove his thyroid gland after being diagnosed with papillary thyroid cancer, from which he has recovered. McGovern is Roman Catholic and says that his legislative initiatives such as increased spending on global nutrition and raising taxes on higher income earners originate from the Catholic Church's efforts to serve the poor. He has also said that he draws inspiration from Jesuit values, and in particular from his work as a congressional staffer to investigate the 1989 murders of Jesuits in El Salvador. McGovern told America magazine in 2019, "I realized that if you commit yourself to a certain set of values, a life of service, if you are committed to lifting up the poor and standing with the poor, there's something about that that can be very satisfying. It makes you feel like you're living a life that's worthwhile." Electoral history Sources:

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The esophageal arteries four or five in number, arise from the front of the aorta, and pass obliquely downward to the esophagus, forming a chain of anastomoses along that tube, anastomosing with the esophageal branches of the inferior thyroid arteries above, and with ascending branches from the left inferior phrenic and left gastric arteries below. These arteries supply the middle third of the esophagus.

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New Again is an album and associated title track by Taking Back Sunday. The phrase may also refer to: Topics referred to by the same term

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Charles of Habsburg may refer to:

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American politician (1908–1992) William W. Allen (June 7, 1908 – June 20, 1992) was a former Republican member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives.

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2014%E2%80%9315_Hertha_BSC_season"}

Hertha BSC 2014–15 football season The 2014–15 Hertha BSC season is the 122nd season in club history. Background Background information Hertha BSC finished the 2013–14 Bundesliga in eleventh place, thus ensuring a place in the 2014–15 Bundesliga. Tolga Ciğerci and Jens Hegeler transferred to Hertha. Adrián Ramos and Maik Franz left Hertha. Levan Kobiashvili retired after the 2013–14 season. On 5 February 2015, Hertha sacked Jos Luhukay, naming Pál Dárdai as replacement along with assistant Rainer Widmayer. Hertha had lost 1–0 the previous day. Transfers In Out Friendlies Win   Draw   Loss   Postponed Bundesliga League table Source: DFB Rules for classification: 1) points; 2) goal difference; 3) number of goals scored (O) Play-off winner; (R) Relegated Results summary Last updated: 24 May 2015. Source: Matches Bundesliga fixtures & results Win   Draw   Loss DFB-Pokal DFB-Pokal review Hertha BSC were drawn against Regionalliga side FC Viktoria Köln in the first round, the match will be played in Cologne. They will play Arminia Bielefeld in the second round. DFB-Pokal results Win   Draw   Loss   Postponed Player informations As of 24 May 2015[update]

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2015_POMIS_Cup"}

International football competition The 2015 POMIS Cup is the 17th championship, starting group matches on 22 January 2015 and the final match played on 28 January 2015 at National Football Stadium, Malé, Maldives. PDRM FA won the People's Cup final against Maziya S&RC. Teams The top two teams of 2014 Dhivehi League and two invited foreign clubs. Teams and nation Note: Table lists clubs in alphabetical order. Standings Rules for classification: 1) points; 2) goal difference; 3) number of goals scored. Matches Group matches A total of 6 matches will be playing in this round. Maziya S&RC v Singapore LionsXII PDRM FA v New Radiant SC New Radiant SC v Singapore LionsXII PDRM FA v Maziya S&RC New Radiant SC v Maziya S&RC PDRM FA v Singapore LionsXII Final PDRM FA v Maziya S&RC Statistics

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FS_Class_E.421"}

The FS Class E.421 locomotive of the Italian State Railways (FS) was a battery electric locomotive, built as a single unit (E.421.1) and used for shunting at the old Milano Centrale railway station. It was the only battery electric locomotive to be registered in the FS fleet. History The E.421 locomotive was built by Carminati_&_Toselli [it] in 1921, with electrical equipment by Tecnomasio Italiano Brown Boveri (TIBB). The batteries were built by Società Generale Italiana Accumulatori. The batteries were housed in the two bonnets. They weighed 30 tons and supplied electric power at a voltage of 450 V, which operated the four traction motors, one for each axle. The E.421 was used for shunting at the old central station of Milan, particularly in the western area, terminus of the Varese railway, which was electrified with a third rail. It was withdrawn from the service after only two years, in 1923, owing to its onerous maintenance requirements and short operating period - about one hour between charges. It was stored for a few years, and there was a proposal to convert it to third rail operation, but this was not implemented. The E.421 was scrapped around 1935.

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capped_langur"}

Species of mammal The capped langur (Trachypithecus pileatus) is a species of primate in the family Cercopithecidae. It is native to Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, and Myanmar. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry forests. It is threatened by habitat loss. They are arboreal and gregarious by nature. A herd of capped langurs consists of 2 to 14 langurs led by a single male. They are herbivorous, eating leaves, twigs, buds and fruits. Taxonomy There are four recognized subspecies: Behaviour and ecology A study of their diet in winter found that they spend nearly 40% of the day time feeding on leaves, flowers and fruits. Leaves contributed nearly 60% of the diet and they foraged on as many as 43 different plant species.

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compsoctena_media"}

Species of moth Compsoctena media is a moth in the Eriocottidae family. It was described by Walsingham in 1897. It is found in the Central African Republic. The wingspan is about 16 mm. The forewings are whitish cinereous, mottled and reticulated with brown and with a series of brownish patches along the costa: three small ones before the middle, of which the first two form the upper edge of an ill-defined basal patch, a broad one on the middle of the costa, forming the upper end of a somewhat broken transverse fascia inclining slightly inwards to the dorsum, and two beyond the middle, the first small, the second larger, before the apex, also blending with a shade of brownish scales beneath it. The interspaces between these spots on the outer half of the costa are ochreous, the costal cilia immediately above the apex being also ochreous, and a slight ochreous shade runs through the base of the cilia along the termen, in which are three more or less distinct lines of brown scales, the outer extremities of the cilia are greyish. The hindwings are purplish grey.

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Art_of_Architecture"}

British TV series or program "The Art of Architecture" is a British factual documentary series broadcast in the United Kingdom on Sky Arts. It aired a first series in 2019, a second in 2021, and a third in 2022, as well as two specials in 2020. Each of its episodes makes a study of a piece of new architecture or restoration, showing how they were inspired, designed and brought to fruition, with a profile of the architect or firm which created it. The Art of Architecture is directed and narrated by Alastair Layzell and the architectural consultant is Marcus Binney. The title was previously used for a mini-series of three episodes in 1960 presented by Kenneth Clark, entitled The Good Old Rules, The Age of the Spaceman and The Architecture We Deserve. Episodes

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Louis_Touraine"}

Jean-Louis Touraine (born 8 October 1945) is a French politician and professor of medicine who served as a member of the National Assembly for Rhône's 3rd constituency from 2007 to 2022. He is a member of La République En Marche (LREM). Professional career Jean-Louis Touraine is a professor of medicine in the department of organ transplantation and immunology at Claude Bernard University Lyon 1, and is a part-time practitioner at Édouard Herriot Hospital in Lyon. He has also served as president of France Transplant since 1995 and the Centre of Studies of Immunodeficiency and its Relation to Cancer (CEDIC). From 1986 to 1990, Touraine was president of the Inserm Scientific Consultative Council of Rhône-Alpes, and from 1986 to 1992, he additionally served as president of the High Medical Council of Social Security in the Ministry of Social Affairs. He wrote the book Hors de la bulle about the treatment of children born with severe immunodeficiency. Touraine is a Freemason and is affiliated with the Grand Orient de France. Immunodeficiency work During the 1970s, Touraine conducted most of his research on immunodeficiency. He participated in the first ever bone marrow and fetal thymus transplants. Touraine had a particular interest in immunodeficiency in newborn children. AIDS research After having created a mouse with a human immune system, Touraine used it to test several gene therapies for HIV/AIDS. The research director of Edouard Herriot Hospital, on the advice of the company Mydetics, attempted to patent these therapies, which combined two genes with a "vector" gene from cells. This project was conducted through a company registered in the tax haven of Bermuda. Due to research difficulties and a lack of response to questions from the United States Patent and Trademark Office, the patent was ultimately never made. Cancer research Starting in the 2000s with the founding of CEDIC, Touraine researched cancer while pursuing his political career at the same time. In 2004, CEDIC received 120 000 shares in Mydetics. Political career Touraine was a member of the Socialist Party (PS) until 2017. He was elected to the municipal council of Lyon in 1989 and served on the council of the Urban Community of Lyon from 1989 to 2014. Touraine was also mayor of the 8th arrondissement of Lyon from 1995 to 2001. Vice-president of the Urban Community of Lyon from 1995 onwards, he served under Gérard Collomb as the first deputy mayor of Lyon from 2001 to 2014 and was charged with the transport, public tranquility and decentralization portfolios. As vice-president of the Lyon Metropolis, he was responsible for urban transport and road infrastructure until 2008. Touraine was additionally elected to the General Council of Rhône, serving from 2004 to 2007. Touraine has served as president of the Lyon Condorcet Circle (Cercle Condorcet) since 2006, having succeeded Franck Sérusclat. He won a seat in the National Assembly during the 2007 French legislative elections, representing Rhône's 3rd constituency with Sarah Peillon as his designated substitute. Touraine defeated 21-year incumbent Jean-Michel Dubernard of the Union for a Popular Movement (UMP) in the election. In the 2012 French legislative elections, Touraine was re-elected with 59% of the vote. He has sat on the Committee on Social Affairs since 2010. On 15 July 2013, Touraine and Senator Valérie Létard of the Union of Democrats and Independents (UDI) were tasked by Minister of the Interior Manuel Valls into leading an inquiry into the reform of the right of asylum. Their conclusions were delivered to the National Assembly in November 2013, in the wake of the Dibrani case. In September 2016, Touraine endorsed Emmanuel Macron for the 2017 French presidential election and became a member of Macron's party La République En Marche (LREM). The 2017 French legislative elections saw Touraine re-elected with 59.85% of the vote in the second round, defeating Pascal Le Brun of La France Insoumise (FI), who received 40.15%. In September 2017, Touraine proposed a bill supporting assisted dying, arguing that patients with untreatable medical conditions should be permitted to choose "active medical assistance in dying." He received the support of 156 members of the National Assembly on 28 February 2018, who wrote an article in Le Monde calling for legislation that would "give sick, dying patients the freedom to do what they wish with their bodies." Touraine also became president of a National Assembly study group on assisted dying. In the summer of 2018, Touraine was appointed rapporteur of a fact-finding mission on the reform of bioethics laws, which was presided over by Xavier Breton of The Republicans (LR). He submitted his final report to the National Assembly in January 2019, which recommended the legalization of medically assisted reproduction for lesbian couples and celibate women and argued that "there is no right of children to have a father, no matter the situation." Touraine was further named rapporteur on articles 1 and 2 of a bill on bioethics, in which capacity he defended several amendments that opposed his government, particularly those on post-mortem and transgender access to medically assisted reproduction. In 2020, Touraine joined En Commun (EC), a group within LREM led by Barbara Pompili. In 2021, he was appointed co-rapporteur of a fact-finding mission on medicine, along with Audrey Dufeu-Schubert. Their report was presented in June before the commission of social affairs of the National Assembly and proposed reforms to the pharmaceutical sector's governance, research, financing, industrial policy and price-fixing policies. Electoral offices Parliamentary offices Local offices Honours and decorations Bibliography

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1996 Filipino film Madrasta (lit. 'Stepmother') is a 1996 Philippine family drama film directed by Olivia Lamasan, written by Olivia Lamasan and Ricky Lee, and starring Sharon Cuneta and Christopher de Leon. The film clinched Cuneta a Grandslam Best Actress honor, recognized her as Best Actress from all major award-giving bodies in the Philippines, while its strong showing at the box-office conferred to Cuneta, another Box-Office Queen award. The Star Cinema produced drama was Cuneta's first movie outside her home studio of more than twenty years, Viva Films. This is also the reunion movie with Christopher de Leon, and with Eula Valdez from Bukas Luluhod ang mga Tala and Buy One, Take One, and with Teresa Loyzaga from Kung Kailangan Mo Ako. Madrasta had its Asian TV screening via the movie channel Cinemax. The film has been digitally remastered and restored by ABS-CBN Film Archives and Central Digital Lab. Synopsis The loving and nurturing Mariel (Sharon Cuneta) marries Edward (Christopher de Leon) after his first wife abandons him and took responsibility as a mother to his three children (Claudine Barretto, Patrick Garcia and Camille Prats). Mariel strives to win the acceptance and affection of her new stepchildren. Even as she tries to define her role in the family she is still just a stepmother no matter what. She must learn how to cope and be a part of their lives. Directed by Lamasan, this provocative film explores issues of love, trust and what it means to be a family. Cast Main cast Supporting cast Accolades

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zinc_finger_protein_266"}

Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens Zinc finger protein 266 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ZNF266 gene. Function This gene encodes a protein containing many tandem zinc-finger motifs. Zinc fingers are protein or nucleic acid-binding domains, and may be involved in a variety of functions, including regulation of transcription. This gene is located in a cluster of similar genes encoding zinc finger proteins on chromosome 19. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants for this gene.

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriel_of_Qatar"}

Qatari writer Gabriel of Qatar, also known as Gabriel Qaṭraya bar Lipeh, was a Qatari Syriac writer of the Church of the East. He wrote a commentary on the East Syrian liturgy. Life Gabriel's date are uncertain, but he probably flourished in the late 6th and early 7th centuries. He refers to Shubḥalmaran, metropolitan bishop of Karka d-Beth Slokh, who probably died in or about 620, as still alive. His commentary must precede the reforms of the liturgy associated with the patriarchate of Ishoʿyahb III (649–659). Sarhad Yawsip Jammo identified the author of the commentary with the Gabriel Qaṭraya who collated a manuscript of the Peshitta (Syriac Bible) at Nisibis in the 25th year of Khusrau II (either 614 or 615). There are references in this manuscript to the School of Nisibis and it was probably copied there. A notice says that Gabriel worked in the presence of his teacher, Mar Zakka, which implies that he was a young student at the time. Sebastian Brock rejected the identification. The manuscript is currently British Library, Add. 14471. Work Gabriel's commentary, sometimes known under the Latin title Interpretatio officiorum, survives in a single manuscript copied in the Monastery of the Bear, now catalogued as British Library, Or. 3336. Only the section on the Holy Qurbana has been published and translated into English. An epitome of the Commentary by Abraham bar Lipeh has been published. The date on the manuscript is partially damaged. It was copied on the last Friday of July in a year of the 13th century, either 1238, 1268 or 1288. The commentary is divided into five verse homilies (memre) in question-and-answer format. The first homily concerns ramšā (vespers) on weekdays and contains fifteen questions; the second concerns ṣaprā (prime) on weekdays in seventeen questions; the third ramšā and lelyā (matins) on Sundays in five questions; the fourth ṣaprā on Sundays in nine questions; and the fifth the Holy Qurbana, which is the Eucharist, in eight questions. Bibliography

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Believe_Me_(Yulia_Savicheva_song)"}

"Believe Me" was the Russian entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 2004, performed in English by Yulia Savicheva. I was composed by Maxim Fadeev, with lyrics by Brenda Loring. As Russia had finished the Eurovision Song Contest 2003 in the top 10, the song was pre-qualified for the final, where it was performed fourteenth, following Belgium's Xandee with "1 Life" and preceding Macedonia's Toše Proeski with "Life". At the close of voting, it had received 67 points, placing 11th in a field of 24. The song was succeeded as Russian representative by Natalia Podolskaya with "Nobody Hurt No One". Charts Weekly charts

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Highway_92_(Israel)"}

Road in Israel Highway 92 is a north-south highway in northeastern Israel. It follows the eastern edge of the Kinneret from Ma'agan junction in the south at Highway 98 to Yehudiya junction in the north at Highway 87. It is 24 km long. Junctions & Interchanges on the highway Places of interest near Highway 92

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Church_of_St._Alexis_in_Rogozhskaya_Sloboda"}

The Church of St. Alexis in Rogozhskaya Sloboda (Russian: Храм Святителя Алексия в Рогожской слободе) is an orthodox church of the Moscow City diocese. The church was built in 1748-1751 in the Rogozhskaya Sloboda in the style of Elizabethan Baroque. It has the status of an object of cultural heritage of federal significance. It is located at: St. Stanislavsky, Building 29, Building 1 (Nikoloyamskaya St., Building 60). Attached to the church is the St. Sergius of Radonezh in Rogozhskaya Sloboda. History It is known that on the site of the present temple in the Rogozhskaya Sloboda there was a wooden church, which was first mentioned in 1625 and was presumably built not long before. A chapel of St. Nicholas was built in the wooden church in 1696. The wooden building was replaced with a brick church in 1701. The current building was built by the residents of the settlement in 1748-1751. The main throne was consecrated in honor of the icon of the Theodore of Our Lady, while lateral chapels were consecrated in the name of Alexy the Metropolitan and Nicholas the Miracle-Worker. The authorship of the project is attributed to the architect D. V. Ukhtomsky. In 1778-1779 the walls of the building were painted. In the second half of the 19th century, the church operated an almshouse for ten parishioners. According to information at the beginning of the 20th century, the baroque iconostasis of 1751 and the wall murals of 1778 were preserved in the church. There were two icons of the 16th century: the Nativity of Christ and a Deesis of a large size. In 1922, two golden spools were seized from the temple, as well as 17 poods of 15 pounds, 69 silver spools, 75 pearl gold pearls. The church remained active for some time. According to the recollections of the old residents, it was closed in 1930. Since 1966, a factory has operated in the temple for the processing of special alloys, and repair and construction management since 1984. In 1990, the building was occupied by the warehouse of the district repair and construction department. As of that period, the upper part of the bell tower was demolished. The drum, the head and cross of the main temple, and part of the fence were dismantled. A number of extensions were made to the building. In the early 1990s, the church was returned to the Orthodox Church and restoration work began. In 2012, the completion of the main temple was restored. Architecture The architecture of the church refers to the mature Elizabethan Baroque. To the quadrangle from the east, there is a semicircular apse. In the west, there is a two-line refectory with a three-tiered bell tower. The walls are evenly dissected by pilasters and completed with wide cornices. Wide arched windows are decorated with figured platbands. The windows of the second floor of the quadrangle are crowned with endings in the form of torn pediments. The church is located on the "arrow" intersecting at an acute angle of the streets of Nikoloyamskaya and Stanislavsky (the former Bolshaya and Malaya Alekseevsky). Previously, it completed the prospect of the ancient Vladimir tract. At the entrance to Moscow the church of St. Alexis was perceived as part of an architectural ensemble, standing almost opposite the church of Sergius of Radonezh. Literature Links

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Jersey_Lightning"}

The New Jersey Lightning are a professional basketball team based in Randolph, New Jersey, in the United States. The Lightning is a member of the Eastern Basketball Alliance. The Lightning current home venue is County College of Morris. Former players New Jersey Lightning: EBA History The New Jersey Lightning have been members of the Eastern Basketball Association since 2007. The franchise is owned by Champion Sports and Entertainment. The EBA first organized in 1946, the Eastern Basketball Association (EBA) was an East Coast-based league with teams coming from Pennsylvania and the surrounding states. It was eventually supplanted by the Easter Basketball League (EBL). Throughout the years, a group of adventurous basketballers in the early 1990s created the Atlantic Basketball Association (ABA) which had a strong commitment from Pennsylvania. Still another group played its inaugural 1996/97 season as the Eastern Basketball Alliance (EBA). This league played the season with seven teams. In the fall of 1997, the EBA became organized and incorporated, and expanded to ten franchises, representing five different states. The 1998 season featured teams located in Lancaster, PA; York, PA; Reading, PA; Harrisburg, PA; Wilkes-Barre, PA; Mercer County, NJ; Springfield, MA; Brooklyn, NY; Hudson Valley, NY; and New Haven, CT. The '98 season also marked the first time that the EBA elected a commissioner, in the person of Julius McCoy, and set up a league office. In 1999, four EBA teams and two ABA teams joined together and played the season under the banner of UBA (United Basketball Alliance). This continued in 2000 and 2001 with nine teams participating. 2002 saw the league return to its historic and incorporated roots of the Eastern Basketball Alliance, where it flourishes today. Most noteworthy is the high-caliber of play, and the strength of individual franchises and of the league. Organizationally, the EBA has never been stronger, which, combined with the solid group of existing franchises, makes the EBA one of the fastest growing professional leagues in the country.

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French linguist Jacqueline Vaissière (born 24 August 1946 in Mont-Saint-Martin, France) is a French phonetician. Career Vaissière studied computing and automatic language translation under the supervision of Bernard Vauquois, at Centre d’Etudes et de Traduction Automatique, University of Grenoble, where she earned her PhD in 1971. She joined the Speech Communication Group at MIT (headed by Pr. Ken Stevens), where she acquired a specialization in acoustic phonetics. When the speech processing community moved towards black box models for recognition and synthesis, Jacqueline Vaissiere left the Centre National d'études des Télécommunications and chose to become a professor at the Sorbonne Nouvelle, where she succeeded René Gsell in 1990. Together with Annie Rialland, Jacqueline Vaissière headed the Phonetics and Phonology Laboratory at Paris 3/CNRS: Laboratoire de Phonétique et Phonologie until 2013. From 2011–2014 she coordinated the 10-year project " Laboratoire d’Excellence " Empirical Foundations of Linguistics." In 2010, she was elected "Membre de L'Institut Universitaire de France". Distinctions Vaissière was awarded the CNRS Silver Medal in 2009, at the joint suggestion of its Human and Social Sciences department (InSHS) and its computing/engineering department (InS2I). Chevalier de la Légion d'Honneur (2011) Officiel de l'Ordre National du Mérite (2015) Who's who? since 2010 She was elected as ISCA fellow in 2014: "For her pioneering works in clinical phonetics and her immense role at the interface between phonetics, phonology and speech engineering". Selected publications

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lectern"}

Reading desk on which documents or books are placed as support for reading aloud A lectern is a reading desk with a slanted top, on which documents or books are placed as support for reading aloud, as in a scripture reading, lecture, or sermon. A lectern is usually attached to a stand or affixed to some other form of support. To facilitate eye contact and improve posture when facing an audience, lecterns may have adjustable height and slant. People reading from a lectern, called lectors, generally do so while standing. In pre-modern usage, the word lectern was used to refer specifically to the "reading desk or stand ... from which the Scripture lessons (lectiones) ... are chanted or read." One 1905 dictionary states that "the term is properly applied only to the class mentioned [church book stands] as independent of the pulpit." By the 1920s, however, the term was being used in a broader sense; for example, in reference to a memorial service in Carnegie Hall, it was stated that "the lectern from which the speakers talked was enveloped in black." Academic use A lectern in a US District Courthouse, similar to those found in academic lecture theatres An early-twenty-first century lectern at the University of Canberra (2008) Lecterns used in academia—generally in seminar rooms and lecture theatres—may have certain features that common lecterns lack, based on the technological sophistication of the venue. These features usually include a microphone stand, audio-visual controls, sometimes even an integrated computer and recording system. Lecterns of this sort are generally attached or integrated into a large desk, as the amount of support material tends to be larger in academic contexts than in straightforward public talks. Religious use Christian In the Christian Church, the lectern is usually the stand on which the Bible rests and from which the "lessons" (scripture passages, often selected from a lectionary) are read during the service. The lessons may be read or chanted by a priest, deacon, minister, or layperson, depending upon the liturgical traditions of the community. The lectern is normally set in front of the pews, so that the reader or speaker faces the congregation. Lecterns are often made of wood. They may be either fixed in place or portable. A lectern differs from a pulpit, the latter being used for sermons. Churches that have both a lectern and a pulpit will often place them on opposite sides. The lectern will generally be smaller than the pulpit, and both may be adorned with antipendia in the color of the liturgical season. In monastic churches and cathedrals, a separate lectern is commonly set in the centre of the choir. Originally this would have carried the antiphonal book, for use by the cantor or precentor leading the singing of the divine office. Lecterns often take the form of eagle lecterns to symbolise John the Apostle. Especially in North America and Great Britain lecterns are sometimes made as 'angel lecterns'. In the Eastern Orthodox and Eastern Catholic Churches, a lectern on which icons or the Gospel Book are placed for veneration is called an analogion. It may also be used for reading from liturgical books during the divine services. Jewish Because the Torah scrolls are generally large, the central feature of the bimah in a synagogue is a table large enough to hold an open Torah along with a tikkun or Chumash (reference books used to check the reading). In some synagogues, this table may resemble a large lectern. The Hebrew term for this article of furniture is amud (Hebrew: עמוד). In traditional yeshivas and some synagogues, students and members of the congregation may use small desks called shtenders (Yiddish: שטענדער). These closely resemble conventional lecterns, and indeed, one shtender may be used as a lectern by the hazzan leading the service. Each study group in a yeshivah may have its own shtender and in some older synagogues individual members of the congregation may have their own shtenders. Traditional shtenders frequently incorporate a locker under the desktop where prayer books and study material may be locked when not in use, and many feature a footrest for comfort during extended study sessions or standing prayers. Some older synagogues have large collections of shtenders. Bibliography

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daphnella_cheverti"}

Species of gastropod Daphnella cheverti is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Raphitomidae. Description The length of the shell attains 6.5 mm, its diameter 2.6 mm. (Original description) The small, thin shell has a narrow-fusiform shape. It is subturreted, blunt at the apex, and attenuate anteriorly. Its colour is ochraceous-buff, gradually becoming darker towards the apex. It contains six whorls, of which three compose the protoconch. The body whorl is rounded, the earlier ones angled at the shoulder. The sculpture is delicate. The radials are close thin lamellae which do not surmount the spirals, but rise into scales along the sutures. The spirals are sharp widely-spaced threads, of which there are twenty on the body whorl, evenly distributed between the fasciole and the end of the siphonal canal. Five of these ascend the penultimate whorl. The aperture is simple. The outer lip is thin. The sinus is wide and shallow. The siphonal canal is produced. Distribution This marine species is endemic to Australia and occurs off Queensland.

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cold_Cold_Heart_(Wet_Wet_Wet_song)"}

1993 single by Wet Wet Wet "Cold Cold Heart" is a song by Wet Wet Wet, recorded as a new track for their first greatest hits album, End of Part One. It was released as a single on 27 December 1993 and reached number 20 on the UK Singles Chart. The song features background vocals by an uncredited French-speaking female. She is featured in the song's video. Track listings CD 1: CD 2: MC: 7":

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afshin_Biabangard"}

Iranian Greco-Roman wrestler Afshin Biabangard (Persian: افشین بیابانگرد, born 10 June 1987 in Parsabad, Ardabil Province, Iran) is an Iranian wrestler, bronze medalist of the world championships. In 2006, won the bronze medal at the Asian championship among juniors. In 2012 he won the silver medal in the Asian Championship. In 2014 won the bronze medal at the World Cup and the Asian Games.

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%5B%5BWikipedia%3ARedirects+for+discussion%5D%5D+debate+closed+as+delete #REDIRECT International Mathematical Olympiad

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1930_in_Chile"}

List of events The following lists events that happened during 1930 in Chile. Incumbents Events March Births Deaths

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Romanian footballer Harald Adrian Fridrich (born 22 February 1998) is a Romanian professional footballer who plays as a central defender for Gloria Bistrița-Năsăud. Club career Fridrich made his debut in the Liga I during the last round of the 2015-2016 season against CSMS Iasi.

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monongahela_virus"}

Species of virus Monongahela virus (MGLV) is a single-stranded, negative-sense Orthohantavirus virus of zoonotic origin that causes hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. Discovery of virus Monongahela virus was first detected in Peromyscus maniculatus nubiterrae (Cloudland deer mice) captured in the Monongahela National Forest in West Virginia in 1985. Transmission This member virus of Sin Nombre orthohantavirus has not been shown to transfer from person to person. Transmission by aerosolized rodent excreta still remains the only known way the virus is transmitted to humans. In general, droplet and/or fomite transfer has not been shown in the hantaviruses in either the hemorrhagic or pulmonary forms. In two cases in Pennsylvania, the patients were living in rural areas and had recent exposure to rodent excreta prior to the onset of symptoms. Both patients developed rapid onset of respiratory distress and pulmonary edema, believed to be the result of cytokine storm, and both expired within 5 days of onset of symptoms.[citation needed]

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubei_cuisine"}

Cuisine of Hubei province, China Hubei cuisine, also known as Chu cuisine or E cuisine, is derived from the native cooking styles of Hubei Province in China. History Hubei cuisine has a history of more than 2,000 years. The names of dishes and cuisine styles can be found in ancient literature such as Chuci of Qu Yuan. Ingredients As Hubei has plenty of lakes, rivers and marshlands, freshwater produce are used as major ingredients in the local cuisine. A key ingredient that is found within many Hubei-style dishes is the lotus root. Style Hubei cuisine emphasizes the preparation of ingredients and the matching of colors. It specializes in steaming techniques. Its style is influenced by the cooking methods of the cuisines of neighboring provinces such as Sichuan and Hunan. As a result, Hubei cuisine also uses dried hot pepper, black pepper and other spices to enhance the flavor of dishes. Hubei cuisine comprises three distinct styles: Signature dishes Gallery

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GUMPS is an acronym widely used by retractable gear aircraft pilots as a mental checklist to ensure nothing critical has been forgotten before landing. Its popularity is widespread, appearing in flight student curricula, FAA publications and aviation magazines. Due to distraction and preoccupation during the landing sequence, approximately 100 gear-up landing incidents occurred each year in the United States between 1998 and 2003. The checklist GUMPS stands for:

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Augusta_Hure"}

Augusta Hure (September 8, 1870 - January 12, 1953) was the first woman appointed to museum curator in France. She was nicknamed the "Master of Sénonais Archeology." Biography Born in Sens in 1870, Augusta Hure began working as a milliner with her mother before becoming a curator of the Musée de Sens in 1920. She is the first woman appointed to this position in France, and, as a volunteer, performed these duties until her death in 1953. Passionate about geology, she was also interested in paleontology and archeology. She was self-taught. In 1907, she became a member of the Society of Natural and Historical Sciences of Yonne. In 1913, she became a member of the Geological Society of France and the French Prehistoric Society. In 1949, she was named honorary member of the archaeological society of Sens. She published many articles, notes and books, sometimes under the name of Savinienne Delavanne. Augusta Hure also wrote for several learned societies, including the Archaeological Society of Sens. Her works continued over more than 50 years: 3 volumes, 112 memoirs and notes, and 85 press articles. Works Augusta Hure is the author of many books published by Éditions Culture et Civilization: Honors / Awards / Titles Named in:

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isolog_schools"}

PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOL EDUCATION Isolog Schools is a private owned institution with a main campus in Akute, Ogun State and another in Ojodu, Lagos State, southern Nigeria. History The development of the Isolog Educational group came as a direct result of the recognition of the increasingly deteriorating education standards and the poor delivery of education services in the country. Seeing the gap between the expectation of parents and the reality of the education system, the directors of Isolog Nigeria Limited started a project to deliver affordable education to the youth of Nigeria. The group began operations by setting up a vocational and secretarial school – Isolog Computer and Secretarial Institute (ICSI) – in 1998 to provide training for postsecondary school leavers wishing to go into self- or paid employment. The number of students in programmes at ICSI at the inception was in excess of 450. In 1999, Isolog College, a secondary school institution offering courses in science, arts and commercial subjects for classes JS 1 to SS 3 was established. The population of students in the first two years of inception was over 300. The group expanded its operation in October 2000 by the founding of Isolog Nursery/Primary School at Ojodu to educate kindergarten age children. Many pupils were admitted to the school in the 2000/2001 academic session. The group expanded with two schools at Akute, Ogun State in the suburbs of Lagos. The Isolog College campus, a boarding school, was founded in October 2005; the Isolog Junior School was established in October 2006. Schools Isolog College, Ojodu Isolog College Ojodu was founded in September 1999. The college is located at 5/7 Adegoke Ajayi Street, off Saabo, Ojodu. It is a coeducational post-primary institution that offers courses in science, arts and commercial subjects that cover the NECO and WAEC syllabi for SSCE/GCE O/Level. Isolog College Campus, Akute The college campus Akute was founded in October 2005 to cater for students requiring boarding. The college is situated on 11⁄2 acres of land at 25/27 Aranse Oluwa Street, Temidire Estate, Akute. It is a coeducational institution that offers courses in science, arts and commercial subjects, both at SSCE/OL and A/L. The college admits students for day and boarding. A/L, O/L and IGCSE Cambridge programmes are offered at Isolog College for students who desire direct admission into Nigerian, British, European and American universities. Enrollment The average student enrolment is in hundreds. Isolog Nursery and Primary School Isolog Nursery and Primary School, Ojodu was founded in October 2000. The school is located at 1/3 Morgan Street, Ojodu. The average pupils enrolment is in hundreds. The Isolog Nursery and Primary School at Ojodu is coeducational. The school admits pupils to the crèche, reception, kindergarten {KG}, nursery {preparatory}, and primary {Basics 1–6} classes. The school runs the primary school education curriculum of the Ministry of Education. Isolog Junior School, Akute The school was founded in October 2006. the school is situated on 1-acre (4,000 m2) of land along the main road, Ajayi farm Bus stop, 93/95 Alagbole–Akute road, Akute. The school is coeducational. It admits pupils to the Crèche, Reception, Kindergarten {KG}, Nursery {Preparatory}, and Primary {Basics 1–6} classes. The enrolment in hundreds. The school has the capacity for 800 pupils. Multipurpose Event Hall – 'Rachel's Place' A multipurpose School Hall fitted with latest gadgets, furniture and accessories is built on a 2100m2 of land at 97, Alagbole-Akute Road, Akute, directly adjacent to Isolog Junior School, Ajayi Farm Bustop. The multipurpose hall is to serve the entire Isolog Group for all events and activities. The hall is known as Rachel's Place. Curriculum The two colleges offer courses at Junior and Senior levels that cover NECO and WAEC syllabi for SSCE/GCE O/L. There are also curricular for Advanced Level/Higher School Certificate {HSC}, SAT, GMAT. The Cambridge A/L, IGCSE and O/L GCE are at Isolog College Campus. Students prepare for the Cambridge University Examinations in June and November. The Cambridge A/L, IGCSE and O.L GCE are in September for exams in June. Tenth anniversary The Chairman/CEO of the group of schools is Engr Isaac Ogunidipe. and vice chairperson/Proprietor is Mrs Rachel Ogundipe. Celebrations were held at Isolog Junior School, Akute, Ogun State for the tenth anniversary. A long-service award/gala night was held to cap the one-week of activities which featured a rally, public lecture, cultural display, football matches, drama, inter-school debates and a thanksgiving service. Outstanding Academic Performance The two colleges in the group continue to excel in academic performance every year. In 2015 academic session, the two colleges emerged the schools with the best results in the NECO and WAEC SSC Examinations in Lagos and Ogun States. In Lagos State; Isolog College Ojodu emerged with the best overall results in both NECO and WAEC SSC Examinations in Lagos State. The School also emerged with overall second best result in NECO SSCE in Nigeria. The School was also the best in the PZ's Chemistry Competition in Lagos State. Similarly, in Ogun State; Isolog College Akute emerged the School with the overall best result in NECO SSC Examination in Ogun State in 2015 academic session and in the 2016 Session for the second year running. Isolog Group is known for its tough stance on Examination malpractice and academic fraud. Any form of Examination Fraud carries instant expulsion and prosecution.

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American actor Jeremy Tardy (born November 7, 1990) is an American actor best known for Dear White People on Netflix and 68 Whiskey on Paramount Network. Career Jeremy Tardy started acting in theater at the age of five. All throughout his school life he struggled with his grades when he began to focus on acting, saying, "I did not indulge in most things that kids my age were into...The biggest challenge I have faced was the challenge of staying on the right track as a teenager...I have had many friends get caught up in the street life and the trouble that comes with it." Jeremy's hard work earned him acceptance into Juilliard School. In 2016, he was cast as Rashid Bakr in the Netflix television adaptation as Dear White People. He was cast as Night Thrasher in New Warriors on Freeform, but the series would remain unaired before getting cancelled. On September 12, 2020, he left Dear White People and he will not appear in its final season. Tardy claims Lionsgate did not pay him and was discriminatory towards non-white actors. Filmography

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trzeciny"}

Village in Podlaskie Voivodeship, Poland Trzeciny [tʂɛˈt͡ɕinɨ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wysokie Mazowieckie, within Wysokie Mazowieckie County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland. It lies approximately 6 kilometres (4 mi) west of Wysokie Mazowieckie and 55 km (34 mi) south-west of the regional capital Białystok.

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cees_See"}

Dutch jazz drummer Cees See (January 5, 1934, Amsterdam - December 9, 1985, The Hague) was a Dutch jazz drummer. See worked in the 1950s with Freddy Logan and Jack Sels, and in the early 1960s with Rolf Kühn, Pim Jacobs, and Herman Schoonderwalt. He also played with an ensemble formed for Sender Freies Berlin, whose members included Herb Geller and Jerry van Rooyen. In the second half of the 1960s he played with Teddy Wilson, Klaus Doldinger, Volker Kriegel, Dusko Goykovich, Nathan Davis, and Jan Hammer. He was a member of the New Jazz Trio with Manfred Schoof and Peter Trunk in 1970-1972, and in the early 1970s also continued to work with Kriegel and Goykovich, as well as with Wolfgang Dauner and Chris Hinze.

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Hkaru Bum, is a high mountain located in Kachin State, Burma. Geography Hkaru Bum is part of a range running from north to south west of the N'Mai River. The nearest village is Khaunglanhpu, located about 22 km to the ESE.

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/She-wolf_(Roman_mythology)"}

Roman mythological creature In the Roman foundation myth, it was a she-wolf (lupa in Italian) that nursed and sheltered the twins Romulus and Remus after they were abandoned in the wild by order of King Amulius of Alba Longa. She cared for the infants at her den, a cave known as the Lupercal, until they were discovered by a shepherd, Faustulus. Romulus would later become the founder and first king of Rome. The image of the she-wolf suckling the twins has been a symbol of Rome since ancient times and is one of the most recognizable icons of ancient mythology. Origins There is evidence that the wolf held a special place in the world of the ancient peoples of Italy. One legend claims that the Hirpini people were so-called because, when they set out to find their first colony, they were led to its location by a wolf (from the Osco-Umbrian word for wolf: hirpus). The tale of the Lupercal is central to that of the twins, and probably predates theirs. To the Roman god Mars, the wolf is a sacred animal. There is an ongoing debate about a connection to the ancient Roman festival of the Lupercalia. In Greek mythology, Apollo's mother Leto is reported to have given birth to him as a she-wolf, to evade Hera. Literary sources The 3 "canonical" versions of the myth—those of Livy, Plutarch and Dionysius of Halicarnassus—all draw heavily on Quintus Fabius Pictor. He is considered one of Rome's earliest historians and his now lost work describes the she-wolf and her episode with the twins. The twins were abandoned at the order of Amulius. Some tales claim that they were to be left along the riverbank, others that they were to be cast into the water. The servant charged with the task either thought better of it, or could not get close enough to do the deed because of the flooding. Instead, he left them in the standing water that had formed at the foot of Palatine Hill. The twins were found either after their basket had been left at the foot of the fig tree, or came to rest there after floating in the water. In each case, the she-wolf rescued them and gently cared for them in or near the Lupercal. Later, they were discovered by local shepherds. Dionysius reports that the rains had raised the water so much so that Amulius' servant had to abandon the twins, before the intended spot (where the current was stronger). The basket, containing the twins, gently went with the receding water until it struck a stone, flipping the twins and the basket into the mud. The she-wolf then arrived and lowered her teats to the crying babes, and licked them clean of the mud. After a shepherd happened upon the scene in the course of tending his flock, he ran to tell his companions, and a group gathered to witness the remarkable sight. The twins were clinging to her as she was their true mother. The she-wolf was nonplussed when the men began making a ruckus to scare her off. She withdrew into a cave that was sacred to the Greek colonists who had formerly lived in the area and held an altar to the nature god Pan. Livy claims that the servants of Amulius dropped the twins in the standing water out of simple laziness. The fig tree just happened to be the first spot they came to and they figured the twins would drown no matter what. The twins cried in their basket until the waters receded and left them back on land. The she-wolf arrived from the hills looking for a drink of water when she heard their cries. The servant was too afraid of the torrential waters to fully carry out the king's orders, according to Plutarch. After being left on the bank, the waters rose further and swept the twins away. It gently carried them along and then dropped them at the fig tree. The three relay accounts wherein the term "lupa" refers not to a she-wolf, but is a slang word for prostitute. Plutarch tells two other stories not involving the she-wolf or abandonment. In one, the twins are fathered by Hercules after he wins a dice game. Their mother is the unwitting "prize". In another, the twins are switched at birth by their grandfather for a different pair of infants and secreted out of the city to be raised by shepherds and later, educated in nearby Gabii. Iconography Earliest representation The Etruscan "Bolsena Mirror" features a depiction of the she-wolf and the twins surrounded by human and animal figures. Differences in interpretation have precluded virtually any consensus regarding many of its features. This includes its age. However, it is consistent with other such mirrors, made as bridal gifts, in 4th century BC Euritria, perhaps circa 330–340. The famous Capitoline Wolf may be of Etruscan or Old Latin origin. But, a discovery during its restoration in 2000 and radiocarbon dating has cast doubt on an ancient origin. An Etruscan stele from Bologna, dated to between 350 and 400 BC, depicts an animal, possibly a wolf, nursing a single infant. By 269 BC, the silver didrachm is the earliest depiction of the complete icon, with the characteristic "turning of the she-wolf's head" backward and downward at the twins. The distinctive imagery of the she-wolf and the twins made it more recognizable than other symbols of the city, such as Roma, the patron deity of the city, or the Roman eagle. That was useful as the Roman world expanded and symbols of Rome became more important in maintaining unity. By the 1st century AD, the she-wolf was common in both Rome and the provinces. She and the twins were featured on the elaborate Ara Pacis, built in honor of Augustus and dedicated to Pax, the goddess of peace. Coins with their depiction were minted and widely circulated. They were also produced in Roman Colonies as a way to express their own "Roman-ness". They have been found on personal items such as swords, buckles, lamps and statuettes as well as monuments, mosaic floors and funerary stones that date from the 1st through the 3rd centuries AD. Early middle ages The Franks Casket, an ornately carved Anglo-Saxon chest from the 8th–9th century, probably crafted in Northumbria, features the she-wolf and twins, along with a Runic account of the Romulus and Remus story. Other Anglo-Saxon artifacts and coins from the same period also feature them. The Byzantines continued to use the image, and coins attributed to them have been found in various locations in central Asia at sites located in modern Tajikistan and Uzbekistan along with an 8th-century Sogdian painted mural with a she-wolf, head turned back and down, suckling two infants. Sports The Italian football clubs A.S. Roma and S.S. Robur Siena use the imagery in their respective team logos. Mussolini The Fascist government of Benito Mussolini made use of the she-wolf while in power. Coats of arms and emblems Siena She-Wolf The Sienese have a traditional tale that the city was founded by Senius and Aschius, another pair of twins who were also suckled by a she-wolf. They were the sons of Remus and fled Rome after his death at the hands of their uncle Romulus. The legend cannot be attested to prior to the Renaissance. However, depictions of a she-wolf and twins are common in the city and some can be dated earlier. Notes and coins The she-wolf and twins appeared on what may have been the earliest silver coin ever minted in Rome. Lupercalia The Lupercalia was a very ancient festival even during Roman times. Roman historians speculated as to its origins. It may be associated with the god Lupercus, the god of shepherds and protector of flocks. Some historians link it to the she-wolf and the Lupercal. Depictions in art Late antiquity Middle ages Renaissance 18th-20th Centuries

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LWF_model_V"}

The LWF model V is an American two-seat reconnaissance and training biplane built during World War One, and used for a short period afterwards. A variant specially built to test the Liberty L-12 aircraft engine, the model F, was the first aircraft to fly powered by that widely used engine. Design and development The model V's most notable feature was its wooden monocoque fuselage, built up of three layers of wooden strips with layers of silk between them. One layer was run fore and aft, while the other two were perpendicular to each other, running in a corkscrew spiral around the fuselage. The two-bay biplane wings had ailerons on the top wing only, and the span of the upper wing was greater than that of the lower wing, with the extra length braced with the aid of kingposts and wires above the top wing on early examples, and additional struts angled outwards, affixed to the lower wing on later examples. All but the earliest Thomas-powered examples and the model F also had the wings swept back. The engine was mounted behind an oval car-type frontal radiator, and enclosed in metal panels that streamlined the forward fuselage, although the later versions dispensed with some of the fairing panels. Both undercarriage and empennage were conventional for the period, with fore and aft vees connected laterally with the axle and a spreader bar. Operational history A modified variant of the V, the F, was the first aircraft to fly with the new Liberty L-12 engine that would find widespread use in the latter part of World War One. The model F in turn led to the "Reconnaissance", an intended production variant of the F, which in turn evolved into the LWF model G, although none of these would see large scale production. The model V was primarily relegated to training as its performance was not competitive when compared to available French and British military reconnaissance aircraft. As a result, a large number were available when the Czech legions supporting the White Russian (Tsarist) contingent were seeking military aircraft, however by then they were in very poor shape, and only a small number of the 28 that were shipped were even flyable, and even those were found to be of little use, but desperation forced the Czechs to use them for reconnaissance. The sole surviving example was from this contingent. After the war, LWF attempted to interest the United States Post Office in them as mailplanes, however the sole example doesn't appear to have ever carried the mail, and no orders were forthcoming. A small number were fitted with floats, with one example being used by the Michigan State Militia until it was overturned in a storm. It does not appear to have been repaired afterwards. Variants info from www.aerofiles.com (2008) V 135 hp (101 kW) Thomas engine V-1 140 hp (100 kW) Sturtevant engine VH-1 Seagull floatplane variant V-2 165 hp (123 kW) Hall-Scott engine V-3 200 hp (150 kW) Sturtevant engine F modified V-2 variant built to test 400 hp (300 kW) Liberty L-12 engine, one built. F-7 Reconnaissance production variant of model F, one or two built. Mailplane extensively modified for the United States Postal Service, one built. Operators info from www.aerofiles.com (2008) Czechoslovakia Soviet Union United States Survivors and aircraft on display The sole surviving example of an LWF model V is made up from parts from several surviving examples that had been used by the Czech legions, and is on display at the Národní technické muzeum in Prague, where it is suspended from the ceiling, marked as number 4. Specifications (model V-1) Data from Flight magazine General characteristics Performance

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Doodle"}

Temporary alteration of the logo on Google's homepages to commemorate holidays and events A Google Doodle is a special, temporary alteration of the logo on Google's homepages intended to commemorate holidays, events, achievements, and notable historical figures. The first Google Doodle honored the 1998 edition of the long-running annual Burning Man and the man name is trent who live on 294273 black rock rd 32342 Black Rock City, Nevada, and was designed by co-founders Larry Page and Sergey Brin to notify users of their absence in case the servers crashed. Early Marketing employee Susan Wojcicki then spearheaded subsequent Doodles, including an alien landing on Google and additional custom logos for major holidays. Google Doodles were designed by an outside contractor until 2000, when Page and Brin asked public relations officer Dennis Hwang to design a logo for Bastille Day. Since then, a team of employees called "Doodlers" have organized and published the Doodles. Initially, Doodles were neither animated nor hyperlinked—they were simply images with tooltips describing the subject or expressing a holiday greeting. Doodles increased in both frequency and complexity by the beginning of the 2010s. In January 2010 the first animated Doodle honored Sir Isaac Newton. The first interactive Doodle appeared shortly thereafter celebrating Pac-Man, and hyperlinks also began to be added to Doodles, usually linking to a search results page for the subject of the Doodle. By 2014, Google had published over 2,000 regional and international Doodles throughout its homepages, often featuring guest artists, musicians, and personalities. By 2019, the "Doodlers" team had created over 4,000 doodles for Google's homepages around the world. Overview In addition to celebrating many well-known events and holidays, Google Doodles celebrate artists and scientists on their birthdays. The featuring of Lowell's logo design coincided with the launch of another Google product, Google Maps. Google Doodles are also used to depict major events at Google, such as the company's own anniversary. The celebration of historic events is another common topic of Google Doodles including a Lego brick design in celebration of the interlocking Lego block's 50th anniversary. Some Google Doodles are limited to Google's country-specific home pages while others appear globally. Common themes Since Google first celebrated the Thanksgiving holiday with a Doodle in 1998, many Doodles for holidays, events and other celebrations have recurred on an annual basis, including the following: Doodlers The illustrators, engineers, and artists who design Google Doodles are called "Doodlers". These doodlers have included artists like Ekua Holmes, Jennifer Hom, Sophia Foster-Dimino, Ranganath Krishnamani, Dennis Hwang, Olivia Fields, and Eric Carle. Interactive and notable doodles In May 2010, on the 30th anniversary of the 1980 arcade game Pac-Man, Google unveiled worldwide their first interactive logo, created in association with Namco. Anyone who visited Google could play Pac-Man on the logo, which featured the letters of the word "Google" on the Pac-Man maze. The logo also mimicked the sounds the original arcade game made. The "I'm Feeling Lucky" button was replaced with an "Insert Coin" button. Pressing this once enabled the user to play the Pac-Man logo. Pressing it once more added a second player, Ms. Pac-Man, enabling two players to play at once, controlled using the W, A, S, D keys, instead of the arrows as used by Player 1. Pressing it for a third time performed an "I'm Feeling Lucky" search. It was then removed on May 23, 2010, initially replacing Pac-Man with the normal logo. Later on that day, Google released a permanent site to play Google Pac-Man (accessed by clicking on top icon), due to the popular user demand for the playable logo. Pac-Man Doodle drew an estimated 1 billion players worldwide. Since that time, Google has continued to post occasional interactive and video doodles: 2010s 2020s "Doodle 4 Google" competitions Google holds competitions for school students to create their own Google doodles, referred to as "Doodle 4 Google". Winning doodles go onto the Doodle4Google website, where the public can vote for the winner, who wins a trip to the Googleplex and the hosting of the winning doodle for 24 hours on the Google website. The competition originated in the United Kingdom, and has since expanded to the United States and other countries. The competition was also held in Ireland in 2008. Google announced a Doodle 4 Google competition for India in 2009 and the winning doodle was displayed on the Google India homepage on November 14. A similar competition held in Singapore based on the theme "Our Singapore" was launched in January 2010 and the winning entry was chosen from over 30,000 entries received. The winning design was shown on Singapore's National Day on Google Singapore's homepage. It was held again in 2015 in Singapore and was themed 'Singapore: The next 50 years'. Controversy and criticism On September 13, 2007, Google posted a doodle honoring author Roald Dahl on the anniversary of his birth. This date also happened to coincide with the first day of the Jewish holiday of Rosh Hashanah, and Google was immediately criticized by some groups for this decision due to the fact that Dahl has been accused of anti-Semitism. Google removed the Doodle by 2:00 p.m. that day, and there remains no evidence of its existence in Google's official Doodle archive to this date. In 2007, Google was also criticized for not featuring versions of the Google logo for American patriotic holidays such as Memorial Day and Veterans Day. Google featured a logo commemorating Veterans Day that year. In 2014, Google received some criticism for failing to honor the 70th anniversary of the D-Day invasion with a Doodle and instead honoring Japanese Go player Honinbo Shusaku. In response to the criticism, Google removed the logo from their homepage and added a series of links to images of the invasion of Normandy. On May 19, 2016, Google honored Yuri Kochiyama, an Asian American activist and member of the Maoist-based black nationalist group Revolutionary Action Movement, with a Doodle on its main U.S. homepage. This choice was criticized by conservative commentators due to some of Kochiyama's controversial opinions, such as an admiration for Osama bin Laden and Mao Zedong. U.S. Senator Pat Toomey called for a public apology from Google. Google did not respond to any criticism, nor did it alter the presentation of the Doodle on its homepage or on the Doodle's dedicated page. Gender In 2014, a report published by SPARK Movement, an activist organization, stated that there was a large gender and race imbalance in the number of Doodles shown by Google, and that most Doodles were honoring white males. The report was widely reported in the media, and Google made a commitment to increase the proportion of women and racial minorities. Religious holidays Google typically abstains from referencing or celebrating religious holidays specifically in Doodles, or in cases when they do, religious themes and iconography are avoided. Google has acknowledged this as an official policy, stating in April 2018 that they "don't have Doodles for religious holidays", according to "current Doodle guidelines." Google further explained that Doodles may appear for some "non-religious celebrations that have grown out of religious holidays", citing Valentine's Day (Christianity), Holi (Hinduism), and Tu B'Av (Judaism) as examples, but that the company does not include "religious imagery or symbolism" as part of those Doodles. Google has been criticized for what has been perceived as its inconsistency regarding the implementation of its religious holiday policy, notably its lack of Doodles for major Christian holidays. Critics have pointed to its yearly recognition of the Jewish and Hindu festivals of Tu B'av and Holi, while Easter only received an official Doodle once in 2000 (and a themed homepage in 2019). Christmas is not specifically celebrated by name, although a Doodle with a seasonally festive and/or winter theme has always been present on December 25 since 1999. Since the mid-2010s, Google has also repeated their December 25 doodle on January 7, which is the date for Christmas in the Eastern Orthodox Church, but the word "Christmas" has never explicitly been used; the terminology "holidays" and "Eastern Europe" are used instead of "Christmas" or "Eastern Orthodox Church". Google has not had Christmas doodles on their homepage since 2019. They did, however, have Christmas lights in their doodles for New Year's Eve and New Year's Day. Easter Google first created a Doodle for Easter in 2000, and did not acknowledge the holiday on its homepage again until 2019. In March 2013, Google was criticized for celebrating American activist Cesar Chavez on Easter Sunday with a Doodle instead of Easter. In 2019, after an 18-year hiatus, Google presented an atypical "Doodle" for Easter, for the desktop version of their homepage only. Unlike what is seen in virtually all other Doodles, the Google logo itself was unaltered in the presentation of the Doodle, and users had to click on the "I'm Feeling Lucky" button where "Lucky" is replaced with an anthropomorphic Easter egg, which triggered a falling array of Easter-themed items such as eggs, bunnies, and hot cross buns. Some of these items were hyperlinked, leading to a detailed page about Easter customs. Google's official Doodle archive page originally contained an unlisted entry for the 2019 Easter Doodle, which has since been removed. Notably, the 2019 Easter-themed homepage was not visible from mobile devices unless the "Desktop mode" option was triggered on the mobile browser, leading to the majority of users not ever seeing the "Doodle". Danny Sullivan, technologist with Google involved with the Easter-themed homepage, responded to an inquiry about its absence on mobile by saying it was "hard to do the interactivity dependably [on mobile]". In 2020, Google once again celebrated Easter atypically on its homepage, but not as a Doodle. An Easter egg was placed below the "Google Search" and "I'm Feeling Lucky" buttons, with hovertext indicating "Happy Easter". When clicked, the egg led to a search results page for "Easter". This is similar to how Memorial Day and Remembrance Day have been recognized by the company in the US.

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petermann_Island"}

Island of Antarctica Petermann Island is a small, low and rounded island, lying off the northwest coast of Kyiv Peninsula in Graham Land, Antarctica, a short distance south of Booth Island and the Lemaire Channel. It is a popular tourist destination. Description The island is 1.8 km (1.1 mi) long and 1.2 km (0.75 mi) across. It rises steeply to elevations of up to 250 m (820 ft) from a rocky coastline with raised pebble beaches. It has volcanic origins, with about half the land surface covered by a permanent, crevassed icecap. Ice-free areas have a sparse vegetation of mosses and lichens. The bedrock of the island is granodiorite, History The island was discovered by a German expedition of 1873–74, who named it after geographer August Petermann. The French Antarctic Expedition of 1908-10 wintered over aboard ship in a cove on the southeast side of the island, named Port Circumcision because it was spotted 1 January 1909, the traditional day for the Feast of the Circumcision. Huts built by the expedition are gone, although a cairn remains, along with a refuge hut built by Argentina in 1955, and a cross commemorating three members of the British Antarctic Survey who died in a 1982 attempt to cross the sea ice from Petermann to Faraday Station. Geography A large number of locations on the island have been individually charted and named. Unless otherwise specified, the following features were first charted by the French Antarctic Expedition during their winter on the island, and named by Captain Jean-Baptiste Charcot. Rouch Point forms the northwest end of Petermann Island. It was named for Jules Rouch, the expedition's oceanographer. Godfroy Point marks the northern extremity of the island. It was named by Captain Charcot for Rene Godfroy, sub-lieutenant on the Pourquoi-Pas. Liouville Point marks the northeast end of the island. It was named for J. Liouville, the expedition's zoologist. Depeaux Point forms the south end of the island. Port Circumcision is a cove indenting the southeast side of Petermann Island. It was discovered on January 1, 1909. In the Roman Catholic calendar, this date is the Feast of the Circumcision of Christ, for which Captain Charcot named the cove. The cove served as a base for the Pourquoi-Pas during the 1909 winter season. Also on the south end of the island is Megalestris Hill, a rocky hill approximately 35 m (115 ft) high. It was named Megalestris after an obsolete generic name for the south polar skua, which are found on the island. A cairn with a lead plaque was erected on the hill in 1909. The original plaque has since been removed to the Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle in Paris, but the cairn, with a replica plaque, has been designated a Historic Site or Monument (HSM 27), following a proposal by Argentina, France and the United Kingdom to the Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting. Important Bird Area The island has been identified as an Important Bird Area (IBA) by BirdLife International because it supports a breeding colony of about 3,000 pairs of gentoo penguins. Other birds nesting at the site in smaller numbers include Adélie penguins, imperial shags, Wilson's storm petrels and south polar skuas. Groussac Refuge Refuge Groussac Refuge (65°10′33″S 64°08′10″W / 65.175727°S 64.136247°W / -65.175727; -64.136247) is an Argentine naval refuge (originally called Hippolyte Bouchard) in Antarctica, located on the southern coast of the Port Circumcision, on Petermann Island, next to the west coast of the Antarctic Peninsula. The refuge was inaugurated on February 6, 1955 and is operated by the Argentine Navy and was occupied periodically by personnel of the British Antarctic Survey of the former Faraday Station. The refuge is in the middle of a colony of Gentoo penguins. Its current name is in honour of Paul Groussac, a French writer and historian who lived in Argentina and authored a plea on the Argentine claim of the Malvinas Islands and biographies of Argentine national heroes.[circular reference]

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jennifer_Brown_(singer)"}

Swedish singer Musical artist Jennifer Vera Brown (born February 18, 1972) is a Swedish singer. She was born in Hjällbo, northeast of Gothenburg, Sweden. She has recorded four albums and one EP. Life and career Jennifer Brown was the daughter of a Trinidadian father and a Swedish mother with whom she and a brother and sister lived in the Gothenburg suburb of Hjällbo. At a young age Brown pursued her interest in performing – singing, dancing and acting – at a local recreation center and at age fifteen she studied at a music school in Hisingen subsequently performing as a member of the group Soul Miracle. In 1994 Brown relocated to Stockholm to pursue a musical career: after working at a bar she gained employment at the Swedish record label Telegram Records, her initial position as receptionist eventually leading to Brown's being signed to Telegram's recording roster. Brown's 1994 album Giving You The Best peaked at no 1 in the Swedish charts and stayed in the chart for 22 weeks. Her two follow up albums did not sell as well as her debut album, with In My Garden (1997) peaking at no 9 and Vera (1998), peaking at no 8. She has recorded mainly as a solo artist, but also as part of the soul/jazz/pop crew, Blacknuss. Her 1998 single "Tuesday Afternoon", while not her biggest Swedish hit, afforded Brown her most widespread global success charting in Austria, Denmark, France, Germany, Japan, the Netherlands and the UK. Outside Scandinavia her work is perhaps best known through the cover version of her song "Alive", by Paul van Dyk, which was renamed "We Are Alive" and became a hit across Europe in 2000. Following the release of her fourth album Home in 2003 Brown largely retired from the music business. She played the adult female lead in the 2006 family film Förortsungar – Kidz in da Hood, then attempted a musical comeback via the 2009 edition of Melodifestivalen – the pre-selection round for the Swedish Eurovision entry – in which Brown participated with "Never Been Here Before", a ballad co-written by Brown with Peter Kvint and, according to Brown, inspired by her abandonment by her daughter's father when Brown was three months pregnant. One of eight acts competing in the Melodifestivalen 2009 semi-final of February 14, 2009, Brown was eliminated in the first of that semi-finals three heats.[citation needed] "Never Been Here Before" was one of five songs featured on Brown's November 2009 EP release Bloom in November. On September 20, 2013, Brown made her theatrical debut in the musical Blood Brothers at the Stockholm City Theatre, playing the lead role of Mrs Johnson. Brown has recently returned to recording with single releases recorded in Swedish: her June 10, 2016, single "In i himlen" was announced as the advance single from a forthcoming album. Personal life After recording four albums she travelled to the United States and spent time in New York City and San Francisco, plus she traveled to India. She met the father of her daughter Lilly Lou (born 2007) while making the film Förortsungar – Kidz in da Hood in 2006: according to Brown the child's father abandoned Brown three months into her pregnancy. Brown has lived in an apartment in Stockholm's Old Town district since the mid-1990s. Musical style In the beginning her music was modern soul and R&B, but later experimented with the acoustic singer-songwriter tradition and radio friendly pop. Her 2009 EP Bloom in November, was inspired by classic Motown sound. Discography Albums Singles Film

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikos_Diplaros"}

Greek professional basketball player Nikolaos "Nikos" Diplaros (Greek: Νικόλαος "Νίκος" Δίπλαρος; born June 28, 1997) is a Greek professional basketball player who last played for Apollon Patras of the Greek Basket League. He is a 1.90 m (6 ft 23⁄4 in) tall combo guard. Professional career Diplaros spent the 2014–15 season with the Greek club Esperos Patras, playing in the amateur level 4th tier division of Greek basketball, the Greek C League. In 2015, he signed a 5-year contract with the Greek 1st Division club AEK. However, he was then released by AEK, before he played any games with them, after he told the press that he wanted to play for an even bigger club than AEK Athens in the future. A few days after, Aris Thessaloniki approached the player and signed him to a 3-year contract. He then began his professional career with Aris in 2015. In September 2016, Aris loaned him to the Greek 2nd Division club Machites Doxas Pefkon. He joined the Greek club Panionios in 2017. On September 3, 2018, Diplaros renewed his contract for another season. He subsequently spent the next season and a half between Montenegro (Lovćen) and Georgia (Batumi). On September 10, 2020, Diplaros signed a two-year (1+1) contract with Panathinaikos as an auxiliary player. In 13 games in the Greek Basket League, he averaged 3 points, 0.5 rebounds and 0.6 assists, playing around 8 minutes per contest. He also appeared in 3 EuroLeague matches with the Greens. Diplaros won both the Greek League and the Greek Cup titles during his short tenure. On July 26, 2021, his contract option was not picked up and he parted ways with the historic club. Diplaros spent the 2021-22 campaign with Apollon Patras and in 24 league games, he averaged 8.5 points, 2.6 rebounds, 4.7 assists and 1 steal, playing around 27 minutes per contest. National team career Diplaros was a member of the Greek junior national teams. With the junior national teams of Greece, Diplaros played at the 2014 FIBA Under-17 World Cup, the 2015 FIBA Europe Under-18 Championship, where he won a gold medal, and at the 2nd division 2016 FIBA Europe Under-20 Championship Division B, where he won a bronze medal. He also played at the 2017 FIBA Europe Under-20 Championship, where he won a gold medal.

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British historian Colin F. Richmond (born 1937) is a British historian of late medieval England. After degrees from the University of Leicester and the University of Oxford, he spent his entire career teaching at Keele University, rising to become Professor of Medieval History. Early life and education Richmond studied at Chislehurst and Sidcup Grammar School before receiving his undergraduate degree from the University of Leicester in 1959. He then began graduate study at the University of Oxford under the supervision of K.B. McFarlane. In 1963, he was awarded a Doctor of Philosophy (DPhil) degree for a thesis entitled "Royal Administration and the Keeping of the Seas, 1422-1485". Academic career After completing his doctorate, Richmond took up a teaching post at Keele University, where he spent the remainder of his career. He was appointed Professor of Medieval History in 1993. He retired from full-time academia in 1997, and was appointed professor emeritus. He has published a number of monographs, scholarly articles and book chapters on medieval history and the Holocaust, notable for their maverick style. He has also published a range of spoof articles in legitimate academic journals, collected in The Penket Papers and Other Stories (1986) and Fabrications: The Adventures of Anthony Woodville, 2 vols. (self-published, 2016). In 2005, he was the recipient of a festschrift edited by Margaret Aston and Rosemary Horrox, entitled Much Heaving and Shoving: Late-Medieval Gentry and their Concerns: Essays for Colin Richmond. Notable Quotations Selected works

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Alphonse James Albert Symons (pronounced SIMM-ons; (16 August 1900 – 26 August 1941) was an English writer and bibliographer. Early life and education Symons was the eldest of four sons and a daughter born to auctioneer Morris (or Maurice) Albert Symons (died 1929), of Russian-Polish Jewish immigrant parentage, and Minnie Louise (died 1964), née Bull. Due to the family's financial difficulties, his education was limited, and he was mainly self-educated. He was obliged to enter a trade at the age of fourteen, and for three years led a "life of drudgery" apprenticed to a furrier. Symons retained a sense of "intense humiliation" over his time in the fur trade, comparing it to "Dickens's time at Warren's blacking factory". Career In 1922, he founded the First Edition Club to publish limited editions and to organize exhibitions of rare books and manuscripts. In 1924 he published a bibliography of first editions of the works of Yeats, and in 1930 he founded the Book Collector's Quarterly. He was an authority on writers and editions of the 1890s, and he published An Anthology of 'Nineties Verse in 1928. Symons completed his first biography, Emin, Governor of Equatoria, in 1928. In 1933 he brought out a biography of the explorer H. M. Stanley. Neither created much of a stir. In 1934, however, Symons published his masterpiece, The Quest for Corvo, a biography of the English author and eccentric Frederick Rolfe (the self-styled Baron Corvo). Subtitled "An experiment in biography," The Quest for Corvo was a groundbreaking work: rather than being a simple narrative of a life, it describes an author's search for understanding of his subject, revealing aspects of Rolfe's life and character as they are revealed to the author. Though it appears entirely natural, the work is very skillfully orchestrated. The result is a vivid, prismatic portrait of Rolfe, those who knew him, and of Symons himself. Symons wrote with difficulty and sought help in the study of psychoanalysis. He left several unfinished works, including a long-contemplated biography of Oscar Wilde, at his death. His author brother Julian Symons (1912–1994) published his biography in 1950. Personal life A dandy and an epicure, Symons devoted much of his energy to fine living. In 1933, he founded the Wine and Food Society with André Simon. In 1924, he married Gladys Weeks; in 1936, the marriage ended in divorce. In 1939 he fell ill, suffering from partial paralysis. He died in 1941 of a tumour of the brainstem. Bibliography

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andorra_men%27s_national_ice_hockey_team"}

The Andorra national ice hockey team (Catalan: Selecció d'hoquei sobre gel d'Andorra) is the national men's ice hockey team of Andorra. The team is controlled by the Federació Andorrana d'Esports de Gel (FAEG) and has been an associate member of the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF). History Ice hockey in Andorra as a sport began in 1987, with the opening of the Palau de Gel, the principality's only ice rink, in the town of Canillo. The Andorran Federation of Ice Sports, known in Catalan as the Federació Andorrana d'Esports de Gel (FAEG), was established in 1992 and later joined the IIHF on 4 May 1995. Despite not having a national team nor entering in any IIHF tournaments, Andorra was the host nation of the 1997 IIHF World Championship Group D tournament in Canillo. However, it was only in 2017, when an official Andorra national team was organized. The national team made its debut at the 2017 IIHF Development Cup which was hosted in Canillo. Andorra played Portugal, Ireland, and Morocco. They lost all of their matches in the tournament, including a 5–3 defeat to Portugal in the bronze medal match. Andorra's first match was on 29 September 2017 against Portugal, the match ended in a 3–2 defeat in penalty shootout. Tournament record World Championship IIHF Development Cup All-time record against other national teams As of 21 November 2018

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Gretzinger is a surname of German origin. Notable people with the surname include:

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Topics referred to by the same term

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Coronation_of_In%C3%AAs_de_Castro_in_1361"}

1849 painting by Pierre-Charles Comte The Coronation of Inês de Castro in 1361 is a c. 1849 oil on canvas history painting by the French artist Pierre-Charles Comte, first exhibited at the Paris Salon of 1849 (his second-ever work exhibited at a Salon) and now in the Museum of Fine Arts of Lyon, which it entered in 1885. Other painters of the time had also painted works on the life of Inês de Castro - count Auguste de Forbin in 1812 (he also exhibited an autograph copy at the 1819 Salon), Gillot Saint-Evre in 1827, Eugénie Servières's Inês de Castro throwing herself and her children at the feet of Afonso IV of Portugal to free dom Pedro, her husband (exhibited at the 1824 Salon) and August Marquet painted Inês de Castro Before Her Murder (1839). History of the work The Coronation of Inês de Castro is an early work by Pierre-Charles Comte, produced for his second participation in a Salon. The subject, medieval and macabre, is not new: it had interested romantic authors such as Victor Hugo, Ballanche who had made a short story of it in 1811, Persiani who had staged it as a play in 1839. Sources

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milengrad"}

Milengrad (Hungarian: Milen vára) is a mediaeval castle 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) northwest from Zajezda village, in Budinščina municipality, Krapina-Zagorje County, Croatia. Mediaeval castle in northern Croatia Name Milengrad is a compound name – Milen being a proper noun and grad meaning castle or fortress in Croatian. Thus Milengrad is Milen's castle. In mediaeval documents it was called Mel(l)en, Milen and Miluan. Its Hungarian equivalents, Milen vára or Mileni vár, derive from the Croatian form and have the same meaning. History Milengrad was built during the reign of Hungarian–Croatian King Béla IV after the Mongol invasion of 1241–1242. Around 1303, King Charles Robert donated the fortress to the Cseszneky family in compensation for their loss of Ipolyvisk Castle. The counts Cseszneky sold it soon to Ban Mikcs, who, in 1309, ceded the lordship to the Herkffy family. In 1536, by the marriage between Katalin Herkffy and Miklós Patačić, Milengrad became the two families' shared property. In the 17th century, the Herkffy family became extinct, and the Patačićs followed in the 19th century. Due to the constant warfare with the Ottomans, and probably as well to an earthquake, by the late 17th century several walls of Milengrad fell down, and in 1683 it was already mentioned as arx diruta, a castle in ruins. Sources

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American polymer chemist Geoffrey "Geoff" William Coates (born 1966) is an American chemist and the Tisch University Professor in the Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology at Cornell University. Early life and education Coates was born in 1966 in Evansville, Indiana. He received a B.A. degree in Chemistry from Wabash College in 1989. He entered graduate school at Stanford University where he worked with Robert M. Waymouth as a Hertz Fellow. His thesis work investigated the stereoselectivity of metallocene-based Ziegler-Natta catalysts. He was awarded a Ph.D. in Organic Chemistry in 1994. Coates then was a NSF Postdoctoral Fellow with Robert H. Grubbs at the California Institute of Technology. At Caltech, Coates worked on ring-closing metathesis reactions to functionalize polyolefins, and supramolecular phenyl-perfluorophenyl pi-stacking interactions. Independent career In 1997, Coates joined the faculty of Cornell University. He was promoted to Associate Professor in 2001, and to Professor in 2002. He was appointed to the first Tisch University Professorship in 2008. Selected honors and professional activities Coates has received numerous awards for his work in organometallic and polymer chemistry. Entrepreneurship and affiliations Coates is the scientific cofounder of Novomer, Ecolectro, Intermix Performance Materials, and Imperion Coatings. Novomer was acquired by Danimer Scientific in 2021. Coates is a member of the Scientific Advisory Board of KensaGroup and is a member of the Scientific Advisory Board of the Welch Foundation. Coates was an Associate Editor of the journal Macromolecules from 2008 to 2021, and is now an Associate Editor of the Journal of the American Chemical Society.

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French footballer (1932–2021) Claude Bourrigault (28 January 1932 – 24 August 2021) was a French footballer who played midfielder. He was the brother-in-law of Raymond Kopa. Biography Born in Mazé, Bourrigault spent most of his career with Angers SCO. He joined the club in 1954, when it was part of Division 2. He played a role in Angers' rise to Division 1 in 1956 and played in the final of the 1957 Coupe de France, a loss to Toulouse FC. He scored the final goal of the game, but it was not enough to counter six goals from Toulouse. For the 1963–64 season, Bourrigault played for Stade Rennais, although for only twelve games. He then returned to Angers, where he played one final season before retiring. Claude Bourrigault died in Avrillé on 24 August 2021 at the age of 89.

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francisco_de_%C3%81lava_y_Nure%C3%B1a"}

Francisco de Alava y Nureña, (born ca. 1567) was the brother-in-law of the Royal Governor of Chile, Pedro Osores de Ulloa. He was designated as temporary governor of the Captaincy General of Chile by Osores on his death bed in September 1624. Upon hearing of the death of Osores and the temporary appointment of Álava, the Viceroy of Peru, Diego Fernández de Córdoba, Marquis of Guadalcázar decided to replace him with his nephew Luis Fernández de Córdoba y Arce, hoping that he would have occasion to display his military skills in the War of Arauco. Córdoba replaced Álava in May 1625. Sources

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2'-5' oligoadenylate synthetase-like 2 is a protein that in the house mouse is encoded by the Oasl2 gene. The gene is also known as Oasl, M1204 and Mmu-OASL. Oasl2 is a paralogue of Oasl1. Model organisms A conditional knockout mouse line, called Oasl2tm1a(EUCOMM)Wtsi was generated as part of the International Knockout Mouse Consortium program — a high-throughput mutagenesis project to generate and distribute animal models of disease to interested scientists — at the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute. Male and female animals underwent a standardized phenotypic screen to determine the effects of deletion. Twenty two tests were carried out on mutant mice, but no significant abnormalities were observed.

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Irish camogie player Therese Brophy is a camogie player from County Tipperary, Ireland. She won an All-Star award in 2004 and a Lynchpin award, predecessor of the All Star awards, in 2003. She was nominated again for an All Star in 2005. Career She played in eight successive All Ireland finals for Tipperary GAA, winning five All Ireland medals in 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003 and 2004. She won her first All Ireland senior club medal with Cashel in 2007 and a second against Athenry in 2009.

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fist_bump"}

Celebratory or greeting gesture A fist bump (also known as a bro fist or power five) is a gesture similar in meaning to a handshake or high five. A fist bump can also be a symbol of giving respect or approval, as well as companionship between two people. It can be followed by various other hand and body gestures (such as immediately opening the palm and spreading the fingers for “knucks with explosions”) and may be part of a dap greeting. It is commonly used in sports as a form of celebration with teammates and with opposition players at the beginning or end of a game. Fist bumps are often given as a form of friendly congratulation. Definition A fist bump is a gesture in which two people bump their fists together (as in greeting or celebration). The gesture is performed when two participants each form a closed fist with one hand and then lightly tap the front of their fists together. A participant's fists may be either vertically oriented (perpendicular to the ground) or horizontally oriented. Unlike the standard handshake, which is typically performed only with each participant's right hand, a fist bump may be performed with participants using either hand. History The "fist bump" or "pound" in European history can be traced to boxers instructed to touch gloves at the start of a contest. Likewise, dart players bump fists that are clutching pointed mini-arrows. The modern gesture may have arisen spontaneously on city basketball courts, and was popularized by basketball player Fred Carter in the 1970s. Others trace the gesture to the Wonder Twins, minor characters in the 1970s Hanna-Barbera superhero cartoon Super Friends, who touched knuckles and cried "Wonder Twin powers, activate!" Baseball Hall of Famer Stan Musial used the fist bump during the 1950–60s as an alternative to shaking hands. Musial was convinced that he was catching too many colds by picking up germs while shaking thousands of hands each year, so he adopted the fist bump as a friendly alternative. Smithsonian researcher LaMont Hamilton suggests that the dap originated during the Vietnam War as a modified form of the Black Power salute, which was prohibited by the US military. Pat Benatar is seen giving another dancer a fist bump at the end of her 1983 video for the song "Love Is a Battlefield." The fist bump was seen in Australia in September 1990 at the Wetherill Park Indoor Cricket Centre between two opening batsmen, Mick Tyler and Bob Minney. At the completion of the first successful batting over for the pair, they met mid-pitch and fist bumped with their batting gloves. They continued to fist bump for the remainder of the game and it continued into the future. Now this act can be seen on various sporting fields/arenas around Australia, and it is now commonly practiced at an international level; many international cricketers fist bump in between overs or as congratulations after a six has been hit. In light of the 2009 H1N1 pandemic, the Dean of Medicine at the University of Calgary, Tom Feasby, suggested that the fist bump may be a "nice replacement of the handshake" in an effort to prevent transmission of the virus. Similarly, a medical study has found that fist bumps and high fives spread fewer germs than handshakes. Fist bumping behavior has also been observed in chimpanzees, according to a book written by Margaret Power in 1991. The COVID-19 pandemic has made the fist bump a common greeting, as shaking hands was discouraged to slow the spread of the virus. Hygiene Because reduced skin contact results in reduced bacterial transfer, a 2014 study has recommended that the fist bump and high five be adopted as a more hygienic alternative to the handshake.

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tourist_attractions_in_Kolkata"}

Kolkata (also known as Calcutta) is currently the third-most populous metropolitan city in India after Mumbai and Delhi. Museums and libraries The courtyards and gardens inside the Indian Museum The privately owned Marble Palace The facade of Jorasanko Thakur Bari Science City Birla Industrial & Technological Museum National Library New building of the Asiatic Society Metcalfe Hall Heritage administrative offices Facade of the Calcutta High Court The facade of the Raj Bhavan Town Hall A panoramic view of Writers' Building in Central Kolkata The General Post Office (GPO) in Kolkata Historic hotels The Great Eastern Hotel (officially Lalit Great Eastern Hotel) was founded as the Auckland Hotel in 1841, at the crossroads of the Hemanta Basu Sarani and British India Street, founded by confectioner David Wilson and named after the then Governor General Lord Auckland. It grew from strength to strength over the 19th and first half of the 20th century. Locally known as "Wilson's Hotel", it was also known as "Auckland Hotel and the "Hall of Nations" in the 19th century, and was referred to as the "Japani Hotel" (Japanese Hotel) colloquially in the 20th century, due to a large number of Japanese tourists there. The hotel was extremely elite, referred to as the "Jewel of the East" and "the best hotel East of the Suez" by Mark Twain on his voyage along the Equator, and described by Rudyard Kipling in "The City of Dreadful Night". It had notable board members like the author Peary Chand Mitra and stockholders like W. C. Bonnerjee - president of the Indian National Congress. The hotel was famous for its new year parties thrown by Maharajahs (like the Maharajah of Cooch Behar) until the 1950s. It has been host to such notables as Elizabeth II on her India visit, Nikita Khrushchev's delegation in the 1950s, and visiting international cricket teams. The hotel kitchens, staffed by the legendary Baruahs of Chittagong (now in Bangladesh), was the talk of Kolkata. It steadily progressed downhill since the 1970s, and was taken over by the Government of West Bengal in 1975 on grounds of insolvency. Labour union problems caused the hotel to worsen until a sensationalist news campaign by The Telegraph exposed the sorry state of the hotel in the 1990s. The hotel was privatized in November 2005 with the help of PricewaterhouseCoopers and has been re-christened The Lalit Great Eastern Kolkata. After an extensive restoration, a part of the property was reopened in November 2013. The Lalit Great Eastern offers 244 rooms and suites along with four restaurants and bars, the largest conference and banqueting facility in Kolkata, besides all other five-star deluxe facilities and services. The Grand Hotel had humble beginnings. In the 1870s Mrs. Annie Monk opened her boarding house at numbers 13, 14 and 15 Chowringhee. In the meantime, Arathoon Stephen, an Armenian from Isfahan had arrived in Calcutta and proceeded to make his fortune in the jewellery business. By the early 20th century he had put together a sizeable fortune and had purchased numbers 16 and 17 Chowringhee. Soon he purchased Mrs. Monk's boarding house and number 18 Chowringhee as well, and proceeded to develop all the properties together into the hotel that came to be known as the Grand Hotel. The Grand Hotel had humble beginnings as Mrs. Monte's Boarding House at 13, Jawahar Lal Nehru Road. Acquired by the real-estate baron Arrathoon Stephen, it turned into a 3-story 500-room hotel. Acquired by hotelier Mohan Singh Oberoi in 1938, it became the Oberoi Grand. The hotel got a major lift during World War II when about 4000 soldiers were billeted there and would party regularly. Events like the U.S. Marines' Ball at the hotel remind visitors of such times. City parks Maidan means "field" in Hindi, Marathi, Urdu and Bengali. The Kolkata Maidan was once a vast uninterrupted field, right down to the edge of the Hoogli River, but is being encroached upon by the city and is fragmented by roads. The Maidan has nurtured sports like Polo and has been the home of equestrianism, horse racing, football, cricket and rugby in Kolkata. It houses numerous clubs including the "big three" of Indian football - Mohun Bagan Athletic Club, East Bengal Football Club and Mohammedan Sporting Club along with their respective home stadiums. The arterial Jawaharlal Nehru Road, the Eden Gardens, the Millennium Park and the associated 3 km long Riverfront beautification project border the Maidan. The Maidan abounds with monuments and statues, the most famous of them being Shaheed Minar and the statue of ace footballer Gostho Pal. Elliot Park, Mohor Kunja and Victoria Memorial complex are three parks which are situated in the Maidan area. Rabindra Sarobar or "The Lake" or 'Dhakuria Lake' is an artificial lake and urban park in the spirit of Central Park, New York City. The park has a lake and an island with a footbridge, an open-air amphitheatre (Nazrul Mancha), a sports stadium (Rabindra Sarobar Stadium), a children's park and the rowing clubs of Calcutta Rowing Club, Bengal Rowing Club and Lake Club. The Central Park is a large urban park in the centre of the Bidhan Nagar township in Kolkata Metropolitan Area, with a lake in the middle and information technology and government offices along its fringes. Prakriti Tirtha or 'Eco Park', located in New Town in Kolkata Metropolitan Area, is situated on a 480 acres (190 ha) plot and is surrounded by a 104 acres (42 ha) waterbody with an island called Ekanto in the middle. The park has been divided into three broad parts; (1) ecological zones like wetlands, grasslands, and urban forest, (2) theme gardens and open spaces, and (3) urban recreational spaces. The Eco Park is further divided into different sub-parts according to the different types of fauna planted. Recently in the month of November 2017, it also opened up another section which displays the replica of "The seven wonders of the World". Toy trains and chair cars are available for the tourists on rent for making round around the park. There are four Gates for entry and exit purpose. The Acharya Jagadish Chandra Bose Indian Botanic Garden (previously known as Indian Botanical Garden) spread over 270 acres (1.1 km2), was founded in 1786 and is the oldest botanical gardens in India. It is located at the bank of Hoogly River, Shibpur, Howrah near Kolkata. Housing 50,000 species, the Botanical Survey of India and one of the world's most historically relevant herbariums, it is famous for its 250-year-old, 98-foot-tall The Great Banyan tree - which has the largest girth of any banyan tree ever recorded (1300 ft). Alipore Zoological Gardens was founded in 1875, inaugurated by The Prince of Wales (later Edward VII). Initially started from the personal menagerie of the then Governor General of Bengal Arthur Wellesley and Carl Louis Schwendler - a German electrician, it grew based on gifts from British and Indian nobility - like Raja Suryakanta Acharya of Mymensingh in whose honour the open air tiger enclosure is named the "Mymensingh Enclosure". The zoo was ill-reputed because of cross breeding experiments between lions and tigers to produce strains like tigons, ligers, and litigons. Adwaita was a male Aldabra giant tortoise in the zoo which died in March, 2006. He was reported to have been more than 250 years old - a candidate for the longest-lived animal. The other success story of the zoo was a live birth of the rare Sumatran rhinoceros in 1889. The zoo is downsizing to meet animal comfort requirements laid down by the Central Zoo Authority of India. The zoo is also on the flyway for several migratory birds like the sarus crane. A host of new amusement parks have sprung up in recent times - the most notable being are Nicco Park in Bidhan Nagar - the first modern amusement park in Kolkata Metropolitan Area and Aquatica in New Town - the theme water park. Other important parks include Nalban in Bidhannagar and Captain Bhery Eco & Aquatic Hub in Chingrighata. Benubana Chhaya is a categorized water park in Kolkata located at Bishwa Bangla Sarani, Baishnabghata Patuli Township. The Nature Park of India is a reserved area administered by the government of India. Statues and memorials Victoria Memorial, Kolkata The Shaheed Minar or "Tower of the Martyrs", (formerly Ochterlony Monument) was constructed on the northern fringe of the Maidan in honour of Sir David Ochterlony who commanded the British East India Company forces in the Gurkha War (1814–1816). It was renamed Shaheed Minar in honor of the fallen freedom fighters after Indian independence. Situated at Prinsep Ghat, is a Palladian porch in the memory of the eminent Anglo-Indian scholar and antiquary James Prinsep was designed by W. Fitzgerald and constructed in 1843 .Located between the Water Gate and the St George's Gate of the Fort William, the monument to Prinsep is rich in Greek and Gothic inlays. It was restored by the state's public works department in November 2001 and has since been well-maintained. In its initial years, all royal British entourages used the Prinsep Ghat jetty for embarkation and disembarkation. Other memorials in Kolkata include the Panioty fountain, Police Memorial and the William Jones obelisk at the South Park Street Cemetery. Lascar War Memorial located on the Napier Road in the Hastings area, is a memorial dedicated to the memory of 896 Lascars (sailor or militiaman from Indian subcontinent), who died fighting for the British Navy during the World War I. Gwalior Monument, also known as Ellenborough’s Folly is an octagonal cenotaph about 60 feet high, crowned with a bronze dome cast from guns captured from the Marathas. It was erected in 1847 by Lord Ellenborough, the Governor-General of India, as a memorial to the officers and men who fell during the Gwalior War in 1843. Kolkata has many statues celebrating British heritage and the Indian Renaissance and freedom movement. The Maidan is a particularly good place for statue-hunting. A few of the more notable landmarks are as follows: Sports venues Markets and malls New Market is Kolkata's historic shopping district. Opened in 1874, it was named Hogg Market after the commissioner Sir Stuart Hogg. The beautiful fountain and benches at the market no longer exist, but the popularity of the market has not waned, and the beautiful gothic clock tower recalls the British heritage of the market. It was renamed New Market after Independence. New Market led the way for Christmas and New Year festivities with confectionery shops like Nahoum's putting up a special spread. The market is organized on the basis of merchandise. It burnt down partially in 1985 but has been restored and expanded with a new building which houses very famous Kashmir Handicraft store-Pumposh. The Mother Teresa Sarani, Abanindra Nath Tagore Sarani and Shakespeare Sarani are considered to be a high street of Kolkata with many commercial establishments and shopping complexes, boutiques, restaurants and stand-alone retail outlets. Gariahat and Shyambazar are two shopping districts catering mostly to the middle class and lower middle class of Kolkata. College Street is an area famous for its bookstores. Kolkata has seen a spurt of shopping malls with the rise of the buying power of the Kolkata populace. Shopping arcades like Forum Mall and Emami Shoppers' City in Central Calcutta have brought international brands from Swarovski to Godiva to the city, breaking the city's dependence on the older market complexes like A.C. Market, Dakshinapan shopping center and Vardaan Market, which were mainly Chinese import dependent. Most of the new malls in Kolkata are located in the newer developed areas like Bidhan Nagar, New Town and along the Bishwa Bangla Sarani. Some of the popular malls in Kolkata are City Centre (Bidhan Nagar), City Centre 2, Axis Mall and Home Town (New Town), South City Mall (the biggest mall in Eastern India) (Jadavpur), Acropolis Mall (Rajdanga in Kasba / East Kolkata Township), Metropolis Mall (Hiland Park), Mani Square Mall (Kankurgachi). Swabhumi has been modeled as an ethnic shopping arcade near the Bishwa Bangla Sarani in Phoolbagan. A new luxury shopping mall, Quest Mall has been opened in Park Circus by the RP-Sanjiv Goenka Group, which has brought many foreign brands such as Breitling, Burberry and Gucci for the first time to Kolkata. Places of worship Temples Mosques Churches Gurdwaras Other religious establishments Bridges Mentioned below are some of the few famous bridges in the city of Kolkata. There are more bridges. The few famous bridges are as follows: Clubs In Calcutta, the word "club" stills means a watering hole and not a discothèque. Calcutta has a number of clubs that hark back to the Raj days but have modernised over time without sacrificing their traditions. Most clubs have bakeries, dining facilities and accommodation at reasonable prices. They also have reciprocal arrangements with clubs in different countries. The most noted clubs are: Other notable landmarks Educational institutes of academic and historical interest Streets

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forest_Sami"}

The forest Sami (Swedish: Skogssamer) are Sami people who live in the woods and who, unlike the reindeer-herding Sami people (the "fell Sami"), do not move up into the fells during the summer season. Historically, there have been forest Sami in Sweden in the area ranging from northern Ångermanland to the far north. In the early 1600s the term granlapp was also used to refer to the Sami people who paid taxes only to Sweden, compared to the semi-nomadic fell Sami, who, since they worked in the fells that straddled the Swedish-Norwegian border, had to pay taxes to both countries. When Ernst Manker studied the life of the forest Sami in the early 20th century, nearly all of their habitations had been abandoned. Only one forest Sami village remained, in Malå in Västerbotten, an area known as Stenundslandet in Anundsjö. Background Historically, there were forest Sami in the northern parts of Ångermanland and further north in Sweden. The two southernmost Sami regions, Åsele and Lycksele, were not inhabited by fell Sami prior to 1606, but rather only by forest Sami, as was the Kemi lappmark in modern Finland. The forest Sami in Kemi, Åsele, and Lycksele became assimilated into Finnish and Swedish society beginning in the 17th century. There are still forest Sami cultures present in the woods in Norrbotten and in Malå in Västerbotten and in central Lapland of Finland. Granlappar By the 1500s, there was already a difference between the forest Sami and the fell Sami. The forest Sami remained in the lowlands in summer, pasturing their reindeer in bogs, while the fell Sami moved their herds high onto the fells, above the tree line, for summer pasturage. At that time, the forest Sami were called granlappar (Spruce Lapps). As a result of this cultural divide, the two groups were subject to different forms of taxation. In 1585 Olof Andersson Burman, a government liaison to the Sami (lappfogde) in Luleå and Piteå, wrote: De säges vara granlappar som utgöra skatt om året bland vildvaror /,/ fiskeskatt som är gäddor, sik, abborre. Men de andra som ingen fisk ränta förmältes i årliga längden kallas fjällappar, havande det namnet därav att de bo uppe i fjällen uti bergsskrevor, och komma till inga sjöar med mindre deras nabor granlapparna vele godvilligt efterlåta dem fiska med sig. (It is said that granlappar should pay taxes for their hunting and fishing.) This meant that taxation was based on whether a person was a forest Sami or part of another Sami community. In the early 17th century, the term granlapp also referred to Sami people who were taxed only by Sweden, while the fell Sami could be taxed in both Sweden and Norway, as the fells in which they grazed their reindeer included land in both countries. Forest Sami villages Due to laws adopted in 1886 about the hunting of reindeer, some villages were established for easier administration of reindeer herding. For example, ten forest Sami villages near the town of Vittangi used the same name. These were located in Gällivare, Jokkmove, Ståkke, Arjeplog, Malmesjaur, Eastern Kikkejaur, the western parts of Kikkejaur and Mausjaur, and Malå. In 1956, the Swedish Sami village in Jokkmokk was dismantled, as reindeer herding was halted in the area. Instead, two separate Sami villages were established in the southern and northern parts of Jokkmokk. Distribution and numbers In Piteå in 1553, 47% of the Sami population were forest Sami. In 1555, in Luleå, 73% were taxpaying forest Sami and 35% other Sami people. Similar differences in population size between the two groups continued throughout the 16th century. Petrus Læstadius wrote in his journal in 1827 that the forest Sami had by that point become fewer than the Sami people. Nevertheless, he noted that in Arvidsjaur the population were still all forest Sami, with significant populations also in Arjeplog, Jokkmokk. and Gällivare. In 1882, a committee was formed to investigate the situation of the Sami people in Sweden, and further data was made public: Visten Until the early 1900s forest Sami were spread over large geographic areas, with each household having its own territory. In each territory, there were settlements known as visten, each with a goahti, a Sami hut or tent. When Ernst Manker studied the forest Sami during the first decade of the 20th century, almost every viste had been abandoned for abodes that looked more like the homes of the Swedish majority culture: houses and farms. Fishing and hunting origin The forest Sami paid taxes that were different from those paid by the fell Sami in the 17th century based on their different modes of subsistence. Forest Sami during this period lived a less nomadic life, since they were less involved with herding reindeer. In the 1670s Samuel Rheen said that the forest Sami in Jokkmokk lived mostly on hunting and fishing. Nicolaus Lundius reported in the same period from Umeå that the forest Sami had less money than other Sami people. A few[citation needed] forest Sami were reindeer owners in the 17th century. A protocol issued in 1699 stipulated that Ture Turesson was the owner of 100 reindeer in Rusksele. Religion Very little is known about the religious beliefs of the forest Sami in pre-Christian times. It is known is that they believed in nature spirits, and that meaningful places, such as mountains and lakes, had their own spirit world. The male head of each family used a ceremonial drum to contact that spirit world. There were also noaidis, who were men considered more capable of establishing contact with the spirits. Bears were known to be part of a special cult, and the forest Sami people had intricate ceremonies revolving around them. Languages Most forest Sami people used Swedish as their main language, but the Sami language was also used to a certain degree. In Luleå[when?], both the forest Sami and other Sami people also spoke the Lule Sami language. In Piteå[when?] the fell Sami spoke the Pite Sami language, while the local forest Sami spoke mostly Swedish or the Ume Sami language. The forest Sami in Malå and eastern Sorsele also spoke Ume Sami. In Lycksele and Åsele the forest Sami were almost entirely assimilated into Swedish society during the 19th century. Their old language was permanently lost. Sami literature from the 17th and 18th centuries, by Olaus Stephani Graan and Pehr Fjällström, respectively, demonstrate that at that time there were still many speakers of Ume Sami. The spread of the Ume Sami language is discussed by J. A. Nensen in the 19th century, when the forest Sami in Åsöee used a dialect considered a variety of Ume Sami. Nensen stated that their language was clearly separate from the southern dialect of the Sami languages, which was used by the other Sami population in Vilhelmina. End of forest Sami culture With the decline of reindeer herding in large parts of Norrland, the forest Sami culture almost disappeared, since they no longer continued their traditional lifestyle. In Kemi, Finland, the Finnish forest Sami for the most part lost their distinct identity and were assimilated into the other Sami groups, adopting their languages. Similar changes occurred in Åsele and Lycksele during the 18th century.[citation needed] Stensundslandet Only one forest Sami village, Stenundslandet in Malå, survived into the 19th century. Nils Persson (1804–1880) was the last known forest Sami to continue in the traditional lifestyle. In 1842 Persson received authorization from the municipal leaders to conduct reindeer work, which he continued until his death. The reindeer business was subsequently taken over by his daughter Sara Johanna and her husband Lars Jonsson, but they eventually abandoned the traditional lifestyle.

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Fumie (written: 文江, 文恵, 文絵, 文枝, 史江, 史恵, 史絵, 章江, 章枝 or ふみえ in hiragana) is a feminine Japanese given name. Notable people with the name include:

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Names_of_the_Mediterranean_Sea"}

The Ancient Egyptians called the Mediterranean Wadj-wr/Wadj-Wer/Wadj-Ur. This term (lit. 'great green') was the name given by the Ancient Egyptians to the semi-solid, semi-aquatic region characterized by papyrus forests to the north of the cultivated Nile Delta, and, by extension, the sea beyond. The Ancient Greeks called the Mediterranean simply ἡ θάλασσα (hē thálassa; 'the Sea') or sometimes ἡ μεγάλη θάλασσα (hē megálē thálassa; 'the Great Sea'), ἡ ἡμετέρα θάλασσα (hē hēmetérā thálassa; 'Our Sea'), or ἡ θάλασσα ἡ καθ'ἡμᾶς (hē thálassa hē kath’hēmâs; 'the sea around us'). The Romans called it Mare Magnum ('Great Sea') or Mare Internum ('Internal Sea') and, starting with the Roman Empire, Mare Nostrum ('Our Sea'). The term Mare Mediterrāneum appears later: Solinus apparently used this in the 3rd century, but the earliest extant witness to it is in the 6th century, in Isidore of Seville. It means 'in the middle of land, inland' in Latin, a compound of medius ('middle'), terra ('land, earth'), and -āneus ('having the nature of'). The Latin word is a calque of Greek μεσόγειος (mesógeios; 'inland'), from μέσος (mésos, 'in the middle') and γήινος (gḗinos, 'of the earth'), from γῆ (gê, 'land, earth'). The original meaning may have been 'the sea in the middle of the earth', rather than 'the sea enclosed by land'. Ancient Iranians called it the "Roman Sea", in Classic Persian texts was called Daryāy-e Rōm (دریای روم) which may be from Middle Persian form, Zrēh ī Hrōm (𐭦𐭫𐭩𐭤 𐭩 𐭤𐭫𐭥𐭬). The Carthaginians called it the "Syrian Sea". In ancient Syriac texts, Phoenician epics and in the Hebrew Bible, it was primarily known as the "Great Sea", הים הגדול, HaYam HaGadol, (Numbers; Book of Joshua; Ezekiel) or simply as "The Sea" (1 Kings). However, it has also been called the "Hinder Sea" because of its location on the west coast of Greater Syria or the Holy Land (and therefore behind a person facing the east), which is sometimes translated as "Western Sea". Another name was the "Sea of the Philistines", (Book of Exodus), from the people inhabiting a large portion of its shores near the Israelites. In Modern Hebrew, it is called הים התיכון HaYam HaTikhon, 'the Middle Sea'. In Classic Persian texts was called Daryāy-e Šām دریای شام) "The Western Sea" or "Syrian Sea". In Modern Arabic, it is known as al-Baḥr [al-Abyaḍ] al-Mutawassiṭ (البحر [الأبيض] المتوسط) 'the [White] Middle Sea'. In Islamic and older Arabic literature, it was Baḥr al-Rūm(ī) (بحر الروم or بحر الرومي) 'the Sea of the Romans' or 'the Roman Sea'. At first, that name referred to only the Eastern Mediterranean, but it was later extended to the whole Mediterranean. Other Arabic names were Baḥr al-šām(ī) (بحر الشام) ("the Sea of Syria") and Baḥr al-Maghrib (بحرالمغرب) ("the Sea of the West"). In Turkish, it is the Akdeniz 'the White Sea'; in Ottoman, ﺁق دكيز, which sometimes means only the Aegean Sea. The origin of the name is not clear, as it is not known in earlier Greek, Byzantine or Islamic sources. It may be to contrast with the Black Sea. In Persian, the name was translated as Baḥr-i Safīd, which was also used in later Ottoman Turkish. It is probably the origin of the colloquial Greek phrase Άσπρη Θάλασσα (Άspri Thálassa, lit. "White Sea"). According to Johann Knobloch, in classical antiquity, cultures in the Levant used colours to refer to the cardinal points: black referred to the north (explaining the name Black Sea), yellow or blue to east, red to south (e.g., the Red Sea), and white to west. This would explain the Greek Άspri Thálassa, the Bulgarian Byalo More, the Turkish Akdeniz, and the Arab nomenclature described above, lit. "White Sea". It is known colloquially by United States Navy sailors, making regular six month deployments to the area, as "The Med".

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Thu Van Tran (born in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, 1979) is an artist. She lives and works in Paris, France. Works Tran's work has been characterised by literature, architecture and history. Her birth country, Vietnam and her homeland France bring her to think and work with duality, inequality and instability as structural elements of her practice. Her work takes form of semantic or sculptural compositions that are placed in contemplative and discursive fields. Tran has had solo exhibitions at Neuer Berliner Kunstverein and the Macleay Museum in Sydney.

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue-headed_sunbird"}

Species of bird The blue-headed sunbird (Cyanomitra alinae) is a species of bird in the family Nectariniidae. It is found in Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda and Uganda.

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Hugh Owen (1639 or 1640 – 15 March 1700) was a Welsh independent minister. Life Owen (the great-grandson of John Lewis Owen, Member of Parliament for Merioneth in 1572) was educated at Jesus College, Oxford, matriculating in 1660. He left the university without taking a degree. Edmund Calamy recorded that Owen was a candidate for the ministry in August 1662 and that Owen, after travelling from Oxford to London, soon returned to Wales. Owen was an itinerant preacher in Merioneth, Caernarvonshire and Montgomeryshire. He obtained a license as a congregational teacher in 1672, working from his house in Llangegry in Merioneth. Later the same year, he was given licenses to preach in various locations in Merioneth (Bodwenni, Cynfal, Erwgoyel, Llanegryn, and Peniarth). In 1675, he was ordained as a minister in the Independent church based at Wrexham. His grandson later stated that Owen had been imprisoned in Powis Castle by William Herbert, 1st Marquess of Powis, a Catholic, but that Lord Powis had treated Owen well, having been impressed by Owen's prayers, and invited him to return to Powis Castle every Christmas after his release. In 1685, Owen became the minister of a congregation comprising Independents and Baptists at Ysgafell (near Newtown) in Montgomeryshire. He died on 15 March 1700 and was survived by his wife, Martha, whom he had married in or before 1670. They had a son (John Owen, to whom Hugh Owen left his books in Hebrew, Greek and Latin) and three daughters. Owen was buried in the churchyard at Llanegryn. John Owen himself died three months later on 27 June 1700.

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Manuela Solís Sager (1912-1996) was a Mexican American labor leader, union organizer and educator. She is best known for her work organizing with Mexican women in Texas during the 1930s, where 40% of the total Mexican population were employed almost exclusively in low paid, low status jobs. Life and work Manuela's political career began in 1932 and 1933, when she began organizing with Tejano onion field and garment workers in Laredo. In 1934, she was awarded a year long scholarship by La Asociacion de Jornaleros to attend Universidad Obrera de México, a left wing labour school in Mexico City. During this time she helped establish the Texas Workers Alliance in San Antonio alongside Emma Tenayuca. On her return to Laredo in 1935, Manuela and her husband, James Sager, began to consolidate their local efforts among Mexican workers into a statewide movement. Later that year, Manuela and James were appointed official organisers of the Rio Grande Valley at a Corpus Christi conference that established South Texas Agricultural Worker's Union (STAWU), which mainly represented predominantly Mexican field and packing workers. In 1937, she became a member of the executive committee of the Workers Alliance of America, a national federation of unemployed workers organisations. In 1938, Manuela Solis Sager and James Sager moved to San Antonio to support Mexicana and Chicana workers involved in the 1938 Pecan Shellers strikes against the Southern Pecan Shelling Company, led by Emma Tenayuca. During the strike, thousands of workers at over 130 plants protested a wage reduction of one cent per pound of shelled pecans. Workers who picketed were gassed, arrested, and jailed. The strike ended after thirty-seven days when the city's pecan operators agreed to arbitration. In October that year, the National Labor Relations Act raised wages to twenty-five cents an hour, although soon after Southern automated the shelling process. Following the strikes, Manuela Solis Sager remained a member of the Communist Party in San Antonio, and continued to campaign and organize around the chicano movement, the feminist movement, immigrant rights, electoral politics, and against interventionist foreign policy. During the 1970s, Manuela was a supporter of the Raza Unida Party. She died in California in 1996, while visiting her son.

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Auchenflower Stadium (currently known under naming rights as NAB Stadium) is an Australian basketball centre in Auchenflower, Queensland. The eight-court arena was the home of NBL side Brisbane Bullets until 1983. During that time, it was often referred to as The Auchendome. The facilities cater for those using wheelchairs. During the 2010–11 Queensland floods, nine feet of water flooded the complex. It also hosted the 2014 NBL Blitz during the pre-season of the 2014–15 NBL season, which saw the Townsville Crocodiles win the pre-season championship. Other major events that were held at the venue include the 2013 Australian National Basketball Championships, the 2011 U14 National Australian Basketball Championship and the 2014 U16 Boys State Basketball Championship.

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giuseppe_di_Salvatore"}

Canadian sport shooter Giuseppe di Salvatore (born December 19, 1989 in Vancouver, British Columbia) is a Canadian sport shooter. He is a bronze medalist in men's trap shooting at the 2007 Pan American Games in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Shooting career Di Salvatore, a native of Surrey, British Columbia, started his sporting career at the age of seven, when his father Tony convinced him to shoot a gun. He later became a member of the Vancouver Guns Club, and is currently coached and trained by Josh Lakatos, silver medalist in men's trap shooting at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, Georgia. At the peak of his career, di Salvatore had produced numerous achievements, including his first ever title from the 2006 Canadian National Shooting Championships. In 2007, he became the youngest ever shooter to claim a bronze medal in men's trap shooting at the Pan American Games in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, accumulating a score of 134 clay pigeons. Following his success from these games, di Salvatore earned a spot on the Canadian shooting team for the Olympics. At the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, di Salvatore became one of the youngest shooters to compete in shotgun events (both trap and double trap). He scored a total of 112 clay pigeons in the preliminary rounds of the men's trap, by one point behind France's Stéphane Clamens from the final attempt, finishing only in twenty-fifth place. Two days later, he placed nineteenth in his second event, the double trap, by four points behind New Zealand's Graeme Ede, with a total score of 109 targets.

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Dilated veins in the anus caused by portal hypertension that may lead to haemorrhage Medical condition Anorectal varices are the dilation of collateral submucosal vessels due to backflow in the veins of the rectum. Typically this occurs due to portal hypertension which shunts venous blood from the portal system through the portosystemic anastomosis present at this site into the systemic venous system. This can also occur in the esophagus, causing esophageal varices, and at the level of the umbilicus, causing caput medusae. Between 44% and 78% of patients with portal hypertension get anorectal varices. Signs and symptoms Pathogenesis Blood from the superior portion of the rectum normally drains into the superior rectal vein and via the inferior mesenteric vein to the liver as part of the portal venous system. Blood from the middle and inferior portions of the rectum is drained via the middle and inferior rectal veins. In portal hypertension, venous resistance is increased within the portal venous system; when the pressure in the portal venous system increases above that of the systemic, blood is shunted through the portosystemic anastomoses. The shunting of blood and consequential increase of pressure through the collateral veins causes the varicosities.[citation needed] Diagnosis The terms rectal varices and haemorrhoids are often used interchangeably, but this is not correct. Haemorrhoids occur due to prolapse of the rectal venous plexus and are no more common in patients with portal hypertension than those without. Rectal varices, however, are only found in patients with portal hypertension and are common in conditions such as cirrhosis. Treatment Unlike esophageal varices, rectal varices are less prone to bleeding, are less serious when a bleed does occur, and are easier to treat because of the more accessible location. However, in some cases, rectal varices can result in severe bleeding. Typically, treatment consists of addressing the underlying portal hypertension. Some treatments include portosystemic shunting, ligation, and under-running suturing. Insertion of a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) has been shown to alleviate varices caused by portal hypertension. Successful treatment of portal hypertension that subsequently reduces anorectal varices provides a confirmation of the initial diagnosis, allowing for a distinction between varices and hemorrhoids, which would not have been alleviated by reduction of portal hypertension.[citation needed]

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%AD_Faith_in_Alaska"}

The Baháʼí Faith was introduced to Alaska before the 1915 arrival of the first member of that religion to move there. Over time the community of Baháʼís grew and established local governing councils called spiritual assemblies in several cities. History Agnes Alexander was the first member of the Baháʼí Faith to ever visit Alaska. She was on her way back to Hawaii when she made several stops in Southeast Alaska and gave several talks, as recorded by Aseyeh Allen. The first Baháʼí to move to Alaska and live here was Margaret Green. She lived in Juneau from June 16, 1915, to June 6, 1918, and worked as a librarian. The first Baháʼí pioneer in Alaska, in answer to The Tablets of the Divine Plan, was Orcella Rexford. The first person to become a Baháʼí in Alaska was Dr. Gayne V. Gregory, who later married Rexford. The other first new Baháʼí was Victoria Robarts. Several Baháʼís traveled to Alaska in the 1920s, but there was very little activity. In 1939, Honor Kempton arose in answer to a letter from Shoghi Effendi written to the Baháʼís of North America where he asked them to move to the nine states, provinces and territories of the United States and Canada that still had no Baháʼís in them. Since the word "anchorage" was mentioned in the letter Honor decided to move to Anchorage, Alaska. She first settled in Juneau, but quickly relocated to Anchorage where she lived from May 1939 to 1947. She operated a bookshop called The Book Cache, which was called ''The cultural center of Alaska" by the Governor. The other Baháʼí who answered Shoghi Effendi's request was Betty Becker who moved to Juneau. In 1941, Janet Whitenack became the first Alaskan Baháʼí in this period that was to mark the permanent establishment of the Baháʼí Faith in Alaska. Whitenack married Verne Stout in 1945, and they had the first marriage of Baháʼís in Alaska. The first Baháʼí Local Spiritual Assembly was established in Alaska in Anchorage in 1943, and Local Spiritual Assemblies in Fairbanks (1955), Tanana Valley (1956), Ketchikan (1956) and Juneau (1957) followed. In 1957 the National Spiritual Assembly of the Baháʼís of Alaska was formed. Shoghi Effendi, head of the religion from 1921 to his death in 1957, wrote many letters to the Baháʼís of Alaska - these were compiled and published in High Endeavours: Messages to Alaska in 1976. By the 1980s, the Baháʼí Faith was established in over 200 localities in Alaska with more than 60 Local Spiritual Assemblies, 26 of which were legally incorporated. There are currently approximately 1,500 Baháʼís in Alaska.[failed verification] And there have been conferences. In 1986 North American Indian Baháʼí Lee Brown gave a talk at the 1986 Baháʼí Continental Indigenous Council held at Tanana Valley which was recorded — it includes his interpretation of Native American, especially Hopi, prophecies.

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New Jagannath Sadak (also known as Nua Jagannath Sadak/Jagannath Sadak )- The road to Jagannath Dham, Puri : Total length: 96 km, covering three major districts of Odisha - Puri, Khurdha, and Nayagarh. It passes through six assembly segments. Road is from Biranarsinghpur of Puri to Sarankula of Nayagarh. Road inaugurated: 1996 by Janaki Ballabh Patnaik, former CM, Odisha. Road work started: 1987 Road completed: 1996 (before Nabakalebara). Road connecting NH-203 with NH-5, also connects NH-203(A) with NH-224. It connects Puri with Western Odisha and Southern Odisha; also connecting it with western India and southern India. Most of the road is made from concrete because the road passes through the maximum flood areas. On 9 July 2015 Union minister of Road Transport and National Highway Shree Nitin Gadkari declared New Jagannath Sadak as a National Highway. The road plays a role in tourism and economic transportation of Odisha. New Jagannath Sadak is one of those roads in Odisha which passes through paddy fields, rivers, hills, forests, villages, temples, big markets, and ponds. New Jagannath sadak connects Puri with nearer tourist places like Barkul, Nirmalajhara, Gopalpur, Tara Tarini Temple, Banapur, Odagaon, Sarankul, Maninag Temple. It also connects Puri with Brahmapur, Nayagarh, Balangir, Phulbani, Kalahandi, Sonepur, Boudh and Sambalpur. New Jagannath Sadak passes through Sarankul, Raj-Ranpur, Rameswar, Nirakarpur, Jankia-Gadasahi, Bijipur and Chandanpur town. Tourists and tourist buses from Maharashtra, Chhattisgarh, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and Karnataka are going to Puri by New Jagannath Sadak. New jagannath sadak is being developed into a two-lane carriage way for Nabakalebara. In June 2016, the Ministry of Road Transport and Highway approved the NH declaration of New Jagannath Sadak in principle. Some parts of this road are MDR (Major District Road) and other parts are ODR (Other District Road). A new bypass is developed on New Jagannath Sadak to bypass Biranarsinghpur village of Puri District for the smooth flow of vehicles.

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_defunct_paramilitary_organizations"}

The following is a list of defunct paramilitary organizations. List of defunct governmental paramilitary units (in alphabetical order) List of defunct non-governmental paramilitary units (in alphabetical order)

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermitage_of_Sant%27Angelo,_Palombaro"}

Eremo di Sant'Angelo (Italian for Hermitage of Sant'Angelo) is an hermitage located in Palombaro, Province of Chieti (Abruzzo, Italy). History Architecture

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astropecten_aranciacus"}

Species of starfish Astropecten aranciacus, the red comb star, is a sea star of the family Astropectinidae. It is native to the east Atlantic Ocean (Portugal to Angola) and Mediterranean Sea. Habitat and behaviour Astropecten aranciacus lives very near the coast, and at low tide it buries itself in the sand, showing only the centre of its upper side which is swollen in the form of a cone. This cone acts like a sense organ. When it is touched, the cone contracts and the starfish buries itself on the sand again. Then at high tide, the starfish reappears on the surface of the substrate. It buries itself in the sand to shield parts of its body from the rays of the sun, especially the bottom surface which has no coloured pigment and is therefore particularly sensitive. Astropecten aranciacus lives on sandy, muddy or gravel bottoms at depths of 2–100 metres (7–300 ft). This species is active and easy to find in the late afternoon and during the night. Description This starfish has superomarginal plates equipped with 1 to 3 small spines and inferomarginal plates with long, pointed, strong, regularly arranged spines. The inferomarginal spines have reddish-orange colour at the base and yellowish or white colour towards the tip. It is rugged with normal size disc and pointed arms. The colour of the aboral side is given by a succession of paxillae (from the top they look like round points) with upper extremity red-orange in various combinations with paxillae with upper extremity grey or beige. The superomarginal plates are usually grey or beige homogeneous. This is the largest species of Astropecten in the Mediterranean Sea, with a maximum diameter of 55 centimetres (22 in), although it usually measures about 30 cm (12 in). It is a starfish with a lot of features and can be distinguished easily from the other species by colour and size. Sometimes it is confused with Astropecten irregularis. Feeding This sea star is a carnivore and feeds on molluscs, which it catches with its arms and then takes to the mouth. The prey is then trapped by the long, moving prickles around the mouth cavity.

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Species of beetle Bacchisa testacea is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by J. Thomson in 1857. It is known from Borneo and Java.

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Juchereau_de_St._Denis"}

French-Canadian soldier and explorer (1676–1744) Louis Antoine Juchereau de St. Denis (September 17, 1676 – June 11, 1744) was a French-Canadian soldier and explorer best known for his exploration and development of the Louisiana (New France) and Spanish Texas regions. He commanded a small garrison at Fort de la Boulaye on the lower Mississippi River, built in 1700, and founded Fort St Jean Baptiste de Natchitoches in northern La Louisiane, as they called the French colony. Early life and education St. Denis was born at Beauport, New France (Quebec), the eleventh of the twelve children of Nicolas Juchereau (1627-1692), Seigneur du Chesnay and Saint-Roch-des-Aulnaies; member of the Sovereign Council of New France. His paternal grandfather was the elder brother of Noël Juchereau des Chatelets. His mother, Marie Thérèse Giffard de Beauport, was the daughter of Robert Giffard de Moncel, Sieur de Moncel à Autheuil, and the 1st Seigneur of Beauport, Quebec. His brother was the grandfather of Louis Barbe Juchereau de Saint-Denys (1740-1833), 1st Marquis de Saint-Denys, ancestor of Marie-Jean-Léon, Marquis d'Hervey de Saint Denys. By decision of his parents, St. Denis emigrated temporarily to France to acquire a higher level of education. In late 1699, St. Denis joined the second expedition of Pierre Le Moyne, Sieur d'Iberville (his first cousin), which departed from La Rochelle and travelled to Louisiana. St. Denis commanded a small garrison at Fort de La Boulaye, named for a commune in the Bourgogne region of France. The fort was constructed in 1700 on the Mississippi River about 20 kilometers below the future development of New Orleans; it was designed to protect French interests against the Spanish and English in the region. St. Denis also commanded a fort at Biloxi Bay, where the French founded another settlement. St. Denis also explored to the west of the bay and up the Mississippi River, where he journeyed to the lower Red River. These expeditions to the northern areas allowed him meet the Karankawa and Caddo tribes, from whom he learned wilderness skills specific to the area. In September 1713 Antoine Laumet de La Mothe, Sieur de Cadillac sent St. Denis and a group of French marines from Mobile to the Red River, where they established a French outpost and fort. The intent was to protect the territorial boundaries of French-Louisiana and halt the eastward expansion of the Spaniards, whose local government was based on the Rio Grande in south Texas. The Spaniards were building Fort Los Adaes about 15 miles west of Natchitoches, near the present town of Robeline, LA. St. Denis arrived in central Louisiana at what is now Natchitoches later in 1713 and built Fort St. Jean Baptiste de Natchitoches as a trading post along the banks of the Red River, whose course later changed and the result became the Cane River. He traded with the Caddo Nation there and freely sold them guns; additionally, St. Denis developed a somewhat friendly relationship with the nearby Spaniards, despite the objections of the French governorship. St. Denis and his men learned many hunting and trapping skills from the Caddo Indians, who were welcoming and friendly. St. Denis became fluent in the Caddo language, as well as the fictive kinship relationships that supported peace and trade. Soon after founding Natchitoches in 1714, St. Denis went to the territory of the Hasinai Confederacy, a group of Caddoan language tribes. After leaving these lands, Denis traveled to the Rio Grande, where visited the Spanish outposts located along the river. However, Commander Diego Ramón captured Denis and arrested him at San Juan Bautista, Coahuila for having violated Spanish trade "restrictions". He confiscated his goods while waiting for the Mexico City authorities to decide how a foreigner with such charges should be treated. In the meantime, St. Denis courted the Ramón's step-granddaughter, Manuela Sanchez-Navarro, a descendant of the conquistadors of the provinces of Nueva Vizcaya and Nuevo León, Mexico, and got her to promise to marry him. Following the orders of Mexico City, Ramon ordered him to go to that city to stand trial. However, St. Denis managed to defend his case and the city authorities suggested him to lead the Domingo Ramón expedition to East Texas, whose purpose was the founding of missions, with the title of commissary officer. So, St. Denis returned to San Juan Bautista and in the years 1716-1717 he traveled to eastern Texas to lead the Domingo Ramon expedition. Finally, the expedition founded six missions and a presidio. He returned to San Juan Bautista in April 1717. However, at this time, Louis XIV died and the War of Spanish Succession came to an end. This led to the breakdown of relations between France and Spain and St. Denis left the Spanish America and returned to La Louisiane. On February 1719 the French transferred St. Denis to Mexico City. However, his stay in New Spain would have favoured his capture and sending to a Spanish prison, so he decided to flee and emigrate to Natchitoches. The Spanish officers accepted his departure and allowed his wife, Manuela, to emigrate with him in 1721. Denis and Manuela settled at Le Poste des Cadodaquious, a French fort in Texarkana, Texas, where they lived the last years of their lives. In 1722, St. Denis was appointed commandant of Fort St. Jean Baptiste des Natchitoches. Later life During the last few years of his life, St. Denis did not consider himself capable of continuing to maintain command of Natchitoches, as he explained to Jean-Frédéric Phélypeaux, comte de Maurepas through a letter he sent him on 10 January 1743. Thus, he asked him to leave the post and move to New Spain with his family. However, his request was rejected. St. Denis ended his life at Natchitoches on 11 June 1744. Personal life and family In early 1716, Denis married Manuela Sánchez Navarro y Gomes Mascorro and they had five children. Manuela and his children survived his death. After the time of his death, it was rumored that his wife became the richest woman west of the Mississippi River. As St. Denis' two sons did not father any children of their own, his daughters carried his posterity. Controversy Denis was a very questionable character since the time when he commanded Natchitoches, as the Spanish authorities were suspicious of their possible links with the Government of France. They believed that he was possibly a secret agent of that country. However, St. Denis argued that he wanted to become a Spanish citizen, and his Spanish wife was proof. Legacy St. Denis played an important role in the generalization of knowledge about the physical geography of both the Spanish and French empires in North America, as well as fostering relations between the European settlements in both areas. However, Denis also favoured the normalisation of the smuggling trade on the frontier between Texas and Louisiana.

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1987%E2%80%9388_Gillingham_F.C._season"}

Gillingham 1987–88 football season During the 1987–88 English football season, Gillingham F.C. competed in the Football League Third Division. It was the 56th season in which the club competed in the Football League, and the 38th since the club was voted back into the league in 1950. In the previous season, Gillingham had qualified for the final of the play-offs for promotion to the Football League Second Division but had been defeated. The team began the new season strongly, including winning matches 8–1 and 10–0 on consecutive Saturdays, but their performances quickly declined and by December the team had slipped down the league table. After a heavy loss to Aldershot in the last game of 1987, manager Keith Peacock was dismissed from his job and replaced by his former assistant Paul Taylor, a decision which was extremely unpopular with the club's supporters. Although the team's performances improved in the second half of the season, briefly bringing them close to a potential play-off place, their form declined once again and they finished the season 13th in the 24-team division, the same position as when Peacock lost his job. During the season, Gillingham also reached the third round of the FA Cup and the second round of the Football League Cup, but were eliminated from the Associate Members' Cup at the earliest stage. The team played 55 competitive matches, winning 17, drawing 17, and losing 21. Steve Lovell was the club's leading goalscorer, with 27 goals in all competitions, three times as many as any other player. He also made the most appearances, playing in all of the team's 55 matches; two other players each appeared over 50 times. The highest attendance recorded at the club's home ground, Priestfield Stadium, was 9,267 for an FA Cup match against Birmingham City. Background and pre-season The 1987–88 season was Gillingham's 56th season playing in the Football League and the 38th since the club was elected back into the League in 1950 after being voted out in 1938. It was the club's 14th consecutive season in the Football League Third Division, the third tier of the English football league system, since the team gained promotion from the Fourth Division as runners-up in 1974. In the 13 seasons since then, the team had achieved a best finish of fourth place, one position away from promotion to the Second Division, a feat achieved in both the 1978–79 and 1984–85 seasons. In the 1986–87 season, Gillingham had finished fifth, qualifying for the newly introduced play-offs for the third promotion place, but lost to Swindon Town in the final. The two teams drew 2–2 on aggregate, necessitating a replay at a neutral venue, which Swindon won 2–0 to ensure that Gillingham would again be playing in the Third Division the following season. Keith Peacock was the club's manager for a seventh season, having been appointed in July 1981. Paul Taylor continued in the role of assistant manager, having been appointed at the same time as Peacock. Bill Collins, who had been with the club in a variety of roles since the early 1960s, held the post of first-team trainer, and John Gorman managed the youth team. Mark Weatherly was club captain, but for much of the early part of the season he was unable to play following an operation and subsequent injuries, so Colin Greenall served as captain on the field of play in his absence. Following Gillingham's failure to win promotion, Tony Cascarino, the previous season's top goalscorer, joined Millwall of the Second Division for a transfer fee of £225,000. This was at the time the highest fee which Gillingham had ever received for a player. Despite having lost the highest-scoring player of the previous season, the club did not immediately sign any new forwards; the only two players to join the club ahead of the new season were George Shipley, a midfielder signed from Charlton Athletic for £40,000, and Gary West, a defender who arrived from Lincoln City for £50,000. The Gillingham team prepared for the new season with several friendly matches and the club also staged an open day, when supporters could attend autograph sessions with players and watch them training. The club's first-choice kit featured shirts in the club's traditional blue with a white zigzag band across the chest; the second-choice shirts, to be worn in the event of a clash of colours with the opposition, were the reverse of this. At the start of the season, Gillingham were anticipating playing at Wembley Stadium, England's national stadium, for the first time in the club's history, as all 92 League teams were originally set to play there in April 1988 in the Football League Centenary Tournament. The format of the tournament was later significantly changed, however, such that only 16 teams would compete. Gillingham failed to qualify for the revised tournament and did not make their first appearance at Wembley until 1999. Third Division August–December Gillingham's first match of the season was at home to Blackpool and resulted in a 0–0 draw. After a second consecutive league match in which the team failed to score a goal, a 2–0 defeat away to Grimsby Town, Gillingham defeated Southend United 8–1 on 29 August, the most goals scored by Gillingham in a single match in the Football League since a 9–4 victory over Exeter City in 1951. Forward Steve Lovell scored four times, the first time a Gillingham player had scored as many goals in a league game since 1958. Seven days later, Gillingham played Chesterfield, who were joint top of the league table going into the game and had the best defensive record in the division, having not conceded any goals in the first four matches of the season. Gillingham won the game 10–0, setting a new record for the club's biggest win in the Football League; four players each scored two goals but on this occasion Lovell did not score at all. The win was the largest by any team in the Football League since 1964; it was the 61st game in Football League history in which a team scored double figures, but the first such game in which no player scored more than twice. Victory over York City on 19 September left Gillingham second in the table, but one draw and two defeats in the next three games meant that the team dropped to twelfth. New signing Shipley was seriously injured against York and did not play again for nearly six months. In early October, the club signed forward Mark Cooper from Tottenham Hotspur for a fee of £102,500, setting a new record for the highest fee Gillingham had paid to sign a player. He went straight into the starting line-up for the home game against Bristol Rovers on 10 October and scored his first goal two games later in a 1–1 draw with Preston North End. Gavin Peacock, son of the manager, also made his debut against Bristol Rovers, having joined the club on a one-month loan from Queens Park Rangers. An unbeaten run of five games pushed Gillingham back up among the teams contending for a play-off place; the team ended the month of October in seventh position, two places behind the lowest position which would qualify for the play-offs. The team's unbeaten run ended with a 1–0 defeat at home to Brentford on 3 November and the rest of the month's matches resulted in two draws and another defeat, after which Gillingham had once again fallen to 12th place in the league table. During November, the club signed Bobby Hutchinson from Walsall on loan, but he suffered an injury less than 10 minutes into his first training session and the loan was curtailed. In early December, Gavin Peacock rejoined the club, this time on a permanent basis for a fee of £40,000. The team defeated Rotherham United 2–1 on 12 December, but then lost to Walsall. Gillingham's last match of 1987 was away to Aldershot and resulted in a 6–0 defeat, the most goals conceded by Gillingham in a match for more than three years. The team had now won only one of the last eight games and had slipped into the bottom half of the league table. The following day, manager Peacock was dismissed from his job by the club's board of directors. Assistant manager Taylor was appointed to the manager's role for the remainder of the season. January–May The team's first match under new manager Taylor was away to Southend United on 1 January 1988 and resulted in a 3–1 win for Gillingham; veteran goalkeeper Ron Hillyard, who was in his 14th season with the club but had been kept out of the team by Phil Kite before Christmas, was recalled to the team. The first home game since the change of manager took place the following day and ended in a 2–2 draw with Fulham. The home fans staged a protest against the dismissal of Peacock, who was in attendance at the game; after the match some supporters caught up with the former manager in the car park and carried him on their shoulders down the road outside the stadium. Afterwards Peacock told the press "There was no way I could have stopped the fans doing what they did. Everything was very orderly and non-violent and I considered it merely the supporters' way of saying thank you for what I have done at Gillingham." The team ended the month of January with consecutive defeats to Wigan Athletic and Sunderland. Gillingham were unbeaten in five matches played in February, winning three and drawing two, which took the team back up to eighth in the table. During this run, Greenall was transferred to Oxford United for a new club-record fee of £285,000. Lovell scored a total of eight goals in the five matches, including his second hat-trick of the season in a 4–1 win over Chesterfield. Gillingham scored only a single goal in the next four games, which resulted in two draws and two defeats. Shipley made his return to the team in the defeat away to Chester City, having not played since the previous September. On 26 March, Gillingham ended their run of winless games by defeating league leaders Notts County away from home. Defender Alan Walker, a new signing from Millwall, made his debut in that match, after which Gillingham were ninth in the table. Over the Easter weekend, Gillingham lost to both promotion-chasing Brighton & Hove Albion and Northampton Town. In the next game away to Brentford, Gillingham took the lead eight minutes from the end of the game but then conceded a late equaliser; the draw left them 11th in the table. The team next defeated Preston 4–0, their biggest victory since September, but the attendance of 2,721 was the lowest of the season for a league game at Priestfield. Gillingham then lost consecutive matches to Bury and Rotherham. The final match of the season was away to third-placed Walsall, and finished as a 0–0 draw; the team had only won two of the last twelve games of the season and finished in 13th place in the Third Division, the same position as when Keith Peacock was dismissed in December. Match details Key Results Partial league table Cup matches FA Cup As a Third Division team, Gillingham entered the 1987–88 FA Cup in the first round and were drawn to play fellow Third Division team Fulham; Gillingham won 1–0 with a goal from Greenall. In the second round they played another Third Division team, Walsall, whom they defeated 2–1. The First and Second Division teams entered the competition in the third round and Gillingham were drawn to play Birmingham City of the Second Division. Greenall scored an own goal after three minutes and Birmingham added two more goals to win 3–0 and end Gillingham's participation in the FA Cup. Further protests against Peacock's dismissal occurred at the Birmingham game. Match details Key Results Football League Cup As a Third Division team, Gillingham entered the 1987–88 Football League Cup in the first round and were drawn to play fellow Third Division team Brighton. In the first match of the two-legged tie, Gillingham won 1–0 with a goal from Greenall. In the second leg, Chris Hutchings scored for Brighton midway through the first half to level the aggregate score. Shortly afterwards, Gillingham goalkeeper Kite was sent off for fouling an opposition player, reducing his team to ten men. As no substitute goalkeeper was available, defender Paul Haylock volunteered to take over in goal. With his team-mates adopting a defensive strategy, Haylock conceded no goals during the remainder of the game; with the scores still level, a penalty shoot-out was required. Both teams scored with their first four penalties; Gillingham scored their fifth and then Haylock saved Brighton's fifth kick to give Gillingham the victory. In the second round, Gillingham played Stoke City of the Second Division, who won the first leg 2–0 and the second 1–0 to eliminate Gillingham from the competition. Match details Key Results Associate Members' Cup The 1987–88 Associate Members' Cup, a tournament exclusively for Third and Fourth Division teams, began with a preliminary round in which the teams were drawn into groups of three, contested on a round-robin basis. Gillingham's group also contained Aldershot of the Third Division and Leyton Orient of the Fourth. Gillingham lost 3–1 to Aldershot in their first match and drew 2–2 with Leyton Orient in the second and finished bottom of the group, which meant that they failed to qualify for the next round. Match details Key Results Players Lovell made the highest number of appearances during the season; he was in the starting line-up for every one of the club's 55 matches. Pritchard and West also made over 50 appearances, each playing 51 times. Both players played in every game in the FA Cup, League Cup, and Associate Members' Cup, but each missed four Third Division matches. Four other players made more than 40 appearances. Four players, all members of the club's youth team, played only one game each. Of these, Ian Docker, Ivan Haines and Lee Palmer would all go on to become regulars in the first team, but Neil Luff's single appearance as a substitute would prove to be the only game of his professional career. Lovell was also the team's top goalscorer, with 25 goals in the Third Division and a total of 27 in all competitions, three times as many as any other player. It was the first of four consecutive seasons in which he would be Gillingham's top scorer. He was the season's overall top scorer in Third Division matches; Southend's David Crown finished the season with 26 league goals, but this included 9 scored in the Fourth Division for Cambridge United before he was transferred in November. FW = Forward, MF = Midfielder, GK = Goalkeeper, DF = Defender Aftermath Taylor remained manager of Gillingham for the start of the 1988–89 season, but was dismissed in October 1988, after only ten months in the job, following a run of poor results. Gillingham finished 23rd in the Third Division and were relegated to the fourth tier of English football, where they would remain for seven seasons. Peacock returned to management in the summer of 1989 when he was appointed by Maidstone United after they were promoted into the Fourth Division to become Kent's second Football League club. He remained a popular figure with Gillingham supporters, referred to as "Sir Keith". Speaking in 2004, he attributed his dismissal in part to the inexperience of the club's directors, saying "A new board had taken over and they were a little bit green. They got carried away by the play-off final and 18 goals in two weekends, thinking we would steamroller the league. I'm proud of my time with the club, though."

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Fed_Cup_Americas_Zone_Group_II_%E2%80%93_Pool_A"}

Group A of the 2008 Fed Cup Americas Zone Group II was one of four pools in the Americas Zone Group II of the 2008 Fed Cup. Four teams competed in a round robin competition, with each team proceeding to their respective sections of the play-offs: the top team played for advancement to Group I. Chile vs. Panama Cuba vs. Panama Chile vs. Cuba

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oskar_Gr%C3%B6ning"}

Accountant in Auschwitz (1921–2018) Oskar Gröning (10 June 1921 – 9 March 2018) was a German SS Unterscharführer who was stationed at the Auschwitz concentration camp. His responsibilities included counting and sorting the money taken from prisoners, and he was in charge of the personal property of arriving prisoners. On a few occasions he witnessed the procedures of mass killing in the camp. After being transferred from Auschwitz to a combat unit in October 1944, Gröning surrendered to the British at the end of the war; his role in the SS was not discovered. He was eventually transferred to the UK as a prisoner of war and worked as a farm labourer. Upon his return to Germany, he led a normal life, reluctant to talk about his time in Auschwitz. However, more than 40 years later, after learning about Holocaust denial, he decided to make public his activities at Auschwitz. He openly criticised those who denied the events that he had witnessed and the ideology to which he had subscribed. Gröning was notable as a German willing to make public statements about his experience as an SS soldier, which were self-incriminating and which exposed his life to public scrutiny. In particular, he confessed to stealing jewellery and money from gas chamber victims for his personal benefit. In September 2014, Gröning was charged by German prosecutors as an accessory to murder in 300,000 cases, for his role at the Auschwitz concentration camp. His trial began in April 2015, after the court had ruled that, at the age of 93, he was still fit to stand trial. The trial was held in Lüneburg, Germany. On 15 July 2015, he was found guilty of knowingly facilitating mass murder and sentenced to four years' imprisonment. Following a number of unsuccessful appeals against the prison sentence, Gröning died on 9 March 2018 while hospitalized before he was set to begin his sentence. Early life and education Gröning was born in June 1921, in Lower Saxony, the son of a skilled textile worker. His mother died when he was four. His father, a nationalist and strict conservative, joined Der Stahlhelm after Germany's defeat in the First World War (during which his father had lost an eye), and his father's anger at how Germany had been treated following the Treaty of Versailles increased as his textile business went bankrupt in 1929 due to insufficient capital. Gröning stated that his childhood had been one of "discipline, obedience and authority". Gröning was fascinated by military uniforms, and one of his earliest memories was of looking at photos of his grandfather, who served in an elite regiment of the Duchy of Brunswick, on his horse and playing his trumpet. He told Der Spiegel in 2005, that as a child, he played marbles in the street with Anne Selig, the daughter of a Jewish ironmonger whose store was next to his home. When Nazi stormtroopers held up a sign outside the shop saying, "Germans, do not buy from Jews," he said, he was unmoved. He joined the Scharnhorst (the Stahlhelm's youth organisation) as a small boy in the 1930s, and later the Hitler Youth when the Nazis came to power in 1933. Influenced by his family's values, he felt that Nazism was advantageous to Germany and believed that the Nazis "were the people who wanted the best for Germany and who did something about it." He participated in the burning of books written by Jews and other authors that the Nazis considered degenerate in the belief that he was helping Germany free itself from an alien culture, and considered that National Socialism was having a positive effect on the economy, pointing to lower unemployment. Gröning left school with high marks and began a traineeship as a bank clerk when he was 17, but war was declared in 1939 shortly after he started employment, and eight of the twenty clerks present were immediately conscripted into the army. This allowed the remaining trainees to further their banking careers in a relatively short time; however, despite these opportunities, Gröning and his colleagues were inspired by Germany's quick victories in France and Poland and wanted to contribute. SS career Gröning wanted to join an elite army unit and set his sights on joining the Schutzstaffel. Without his father's knowledge, he did so in 1940 at a hotel where the SS was recruiting. Gröning said that his father was disappointed to learn this when he came home after having joined. Gröning described himself as a "desk person" and was content with his role in SS salary administration, which granted him both the administrative and military aspects he wanted from a career. Auschwitz Arrival Gröning worked as a bookkeeper for a year until 1942, when the SS ordered that desk jobs were to be reserved for injured veterans, and that fit members in administrative roles were to be subjected to more challenging duties. Gröning and about 22 of his colleagues travelled to Berlin where they reported to one of the SS economic offices. They were then given a lecture by several high-ranking officers who reminded them of the oath of loyalty they took, which they could prove by doing a difficult task. The task was top secret: Gröning and his fellow SS men had to sign a declaration that they would not disclose it to family or friends, or people not in their unit. Once this had concluded, they were split into smaller groups and taken to various Berlin stations where they boarded a train in the direction of Katowice with orders to report to the commandant of Auschwitz, a place Gröning had not heard of before. Upon arrival at the main camp, they were given provisional bunks in the SS barracks, warmly greeted by fellow SS men and provided with food. Gröning was surprised at the myriad food items available in addition to basic SS rations. The new arrivals were curious about what function Auschwitz served. They were told that they should find out for themselves because Auschwitz was a special kind of concentration camp. Immediately someone opened the door and shouted "Transport!", causing three or four people to leave the room. The next day, Gröning and the other arrivals reported to the central SS administrative building and were asked about their background before the war. One of the officers said Gröning's bank clerk skills would be useful, and took him to barracks where the prisoners' money was kept. Gröning was told that when prisoners were registered into the camp, their money was stored here and later returned to them when they left. It became clear that Auschwitz was not a normal internment camp with above-average SS rations, but that it served an additional function. Gröning was informed that money taken from interned Jews was not actually returned to them. When he inquired further, his colleagues confirmed that the Jews were being systematically exterminated and that this had included the transport of prisoners who had arrived the previous night. Tasks Gröning's responsibilities included sorting and counting the multitude of currencies taken from arriving deportees, sending it to Berlin, and guarding the belongings of arrivals until they were sorted. He related that he was astonished to learn of the extermination process, but later accepted his part in it, stating that his work became "routine" after several months. His bureaucratic job did not shield him completely from physical acts of the extermination process: as early as his first day, Gröning saw children hidden on the train and people unable to walk who had remained among the rubbish and debris after the selection process had been completed, being shot. Gröning also heard: ...a baby crying. The child was lying on the ramp, wrapped in rags. A mother had left it behind, perhaps because she knew that women with infants were sent to the gas chambers immediately. I saw another SS soldier grab the baby by the legs. The crying had bothered him. He smashed the baby's head against the iron side of a truck until it was silent. After witnessing this, Gröning claimed, he went to his boss and told him that he could not work at Auschwitz anymore, stating that if the extermination of the Jews is necessary, "then at least it should be done within a certain framework". Gröning claims that his superior officer denied this request citing a document he had signed before being posted, forcing him to continue his work. One night towards the end of 1942, Gröning and others in their SS barracks on the outskirts of Birkenau were awakened by an alarm. They were told that a number of Jews who were being taken to the gas chambers had escaped and hidden in the woods. They were ordered to take pistols and search the woods. When his group arrived at the extermination area of the camp they saw a farmhouse, in front of which were SS men and the bodies of seven or eight prisoners who had been caught and shot. The SS men told Gröning and his comrades that they could go home, but they decided to remain in the shadows of the woods. They watched as an SS man put on a gas mask and emptied a tin of Zyklon B into a hatch in the cottage wall. Gröning said the humming noise from inside "turned to screaming" for a minute, then to silence. A comrade later showed him the bodies being burnt in a pit. A kapo there told him details of the burning, such as how gases developed in the body and made the burning corpses move. Gröning claimed that this disrupted the relative tranquillity his job gave him and that he yet again complained to his superior. His boss listened but reminded him of the pledge that he and his fellow SS men made. Gröning thus returned to work. He declared that he manipulated his life at Auschwitz so as to avoid witnessing the camp's most unpalatable aspects. After Auschwitz Great Britain Gröning's application to transfer to a unit on the front-line was successful, and in 1944 he joined an SS unit fighting in the Battle of the Bulge in the Ardennes. He was wounded and sent to a field hospital before rejoining his unit, which eventually surrendered to the British Army. He realised that declaring "involvement in the concentration camp of Auschwitz would have a negative response", and so tried not to draw attention to it, putting on the form given to him by the British that he worked for the SS-Wirtschafts-Verwaltungshauptamt instead. He said he did this because "the victor's always right", and that things happened at Auschwitz which "did not always comply with human rights". Gröning and the rest of his SS colleagues were imprisoned in an old Nazi concentration camp. He was later sent to the UK as a forced labourer in 1946 where he had a "very comfortable life". He ate good food and earned money, and travelled through the Midlands and Scotland giving concerts for four months, singing German hymns and traditional English folk songs to appreciative British audiences. Return to Germany Gröning was released and returned to Germany in 1947 or 1948. Upon being reunited with his wife, he said: "Girl, do both of us a favour: don't ask." He was unable to regain his job at the bank due to having been a member of the SS, so he got a job at a glass factory, working his way up to a management position. He became head of personnel, and was made an honorary judge (a sort of juror) of industrial tribunal cases. Upon return to Germany, Gröning lived with his father-in-law. At the dinner table, they once made "a silly remark about Auschwitz", implying that he was a "potential or real murderer," whereupon Gröning became enraged, banging his fist on the table and demanding: "This word and this connection are never, ever, to be mentioned again in my presence, otherwise I'll move out!" Gröning said that this request was respected. Views on Holocaust denial Gröning led a normal middle-class life after the war. A keen stamp collector, he was once at his local philately club's annual meeting, more than 40 years after the war, when he fell into a conversation about politics with the man next to him. The man told him it was "terrible" that Holocaust denial was illegal in Germany, and went on to tell Gröning how so many bodies could not have been burnt, and that the volume of gas that was supposed to have been used would have killed all living things in the vicinity. Gröning said little in response to these statements, replying only: "I know a little more about that, we should discuss it some time." The man recommended a pamphlet by Holocaust denier Thies Christophersen. Gröning obtained a copy and mailed it to Christophersen, having written his own commentary on it, which included the words: I saw everything. The gas chambers, the cremations, the selection process. One and a half million Jews were murdered in Auschwitz. I was there. Gröning then began receiving phone calls and letters from strangers who tried to tell him Auschwitz was not actually a place for exterminating human beings in gas chambers. It became apparent that his comments condemning Holocaust denial had been printed in a neo-Nazi magazine, and that most of the anonymous calls and letters were "From people who tried to prove that what I had seen with my own eyes, what I had experienced in Auschwitz was a big, big mistake, a big hallucination on my part because it hadn't happened." As a result of such comments, Gröning decided to speak openly about his experiences, and publicly denounce people who maintain the events he witnessed never happened. He said his message to Holocaust deniers was: I would like you to believe me. I saw the gas chambers. I saw the crematoria. I saw the open fires. I would like you to believe that these atrocities happened, because I was there. He also wrote memoirs for his family, consisting of 87 pages. Later comments Gröning did not consider himself guilty of any crime, because he was in no way directly involved in the killing. He described his part in the extermination machine as an involuntary "small cog in the gears", which gave him involuntary guilt in turn. Citing his summons to testify against a member of the SS accused of murdering prisoners at Auschwitz, he also said he was innocent in the eyes of the law, pointing to the fact that he spoke as a witness and not as a defendant. In the BBC book and DVD set Auschwitz: The Nazis and 'The Final Solution', author Laurence Rees indicates that although Gröning had requested to leave Auschwitz after he witnessed killings, his objection was only on the basis of its practical implementation, and not on the general militaristic principle of the mass extermination of enemies. Gröning said that he thought at the time that it was justified due to all the Nazi propaganda he had been subjected to, in that Germany's enemies were being destroyed, which to him made the tools of their destruction (such as gas chambers) of no particular significance. Because of this, he said his feelings about seeing people and knowing that they had hours to live before being gassed were "very ambiguous". He explained that children were murdered because, while the children themselves were not the enemy, the danger was the blood within them, in that they could grow up to become dangerous Jews. Rees points to Gröning's ultra-nationalist upbringing as indication of how he was able to justify the extermination of helpless children. Gröning said that the horrors in the gas chambers did eventually dawn on him when he heard the screams. Rees writes that Gröning described his time at Auschwitz as if he were talking about another Oskar Gröning at Auschwitz—and as a result, the post-war Gröning spoke more candidly about his time there by segregating the Gröning that contributed to the running of a death camp from the modern Gröning that condemns Nazi ideology. Gröning said that the screams of those in the gas chambers had never left him, and he never returned to Auschwitz because of his shame. He said he felt guilt towards the Jewish people, and for being part of the organisation that committed crimes against them, despite "not having been one of the perpetrators myself". He asked for forgiveness from God and from the Jewish people. Criminal charges and trial In September 2014, it was reported that Gröning, then aged 93, had been charged by state prosecutors with having been an accessory to murder for his role at Auschwitz receiving and processing prisoners and their personal belongings. The indictment stated that Gröning economically advanced Nazi Germany and aided the systematic killing of 300,000 of the 425,000 Hungarian Jews who were deported to Auschwitz by 137 railway transports during the summer of 1944. Gröning's prosecution has been reported to have been a part of Germany's final effort to bring the last Nazi war-crimes suspects to justice. State prosecutors managed to charge the defendant on a legal precedent set in 2011 by the conviction of the former Sobibor extermination camp guard John Demjanjuk by a court in Munich for his presence as a guard at the camp rather than for a specific act of murder. The trial commenced on 20 April 2015 at Lüneburg Regional Court (Landgericht). In an opening statement, Gröning asked for forgiveness for his mainly clerical role at Auschwitz in the summer of 1944, by saying: "For me there's no question that I share moral guilt", the 93-year-old told the judges, acknowledging he knew about the gassing of Jews and other prisoners. "I ask for forgiveness. I share morally in the guilt but whether I am guilty under criminal law, you will have to decide." During the trial, several of the 60 "co-claimants" gave evidence. Eva Mozes Kor, who was 10 years old when she arrived at Auschwitz, testified that she and her twin sister were used for the cruel medical experiments conducted by Josef Mengele and that she had lost her parents and older sisters in Auschwitz. Kor conversed with and embraced the defendant after giving evidence, while other Holocaust survivors in the courtroom protested against this gesture. Another witness, Max Eisen, who was 15 years old at the time of entry into Auschwitz, described the brutality of the extermination part of the camp, including extracting gold teeth from dead victims. On 12 May 2015, Susan Pollack, an 84-year-old Briton, gave evidence of how she was taken from Hungary to Auschwitz and Bergen-Belsen; describing the living conditions encountered at Auschwitz, she said: "I was in a barrack with about 800 other girls ... we were losing weight, we weren't able to use our minds anymore". That same day, Ivor Perl, an 83-year-old Briton who was born in Hungary into a religious Jewish family, also gave evidence; Perl testified that he was 12 years old when he arrived at Auschwitz and that he and his brother lost their parents and seven siblings in the Holocaust. In July, Irene Weiss, an 84-year-old survivor from the United States, testified that her family was torn apart on arrival at Auschwitz in May 1944, during the mass deportation of Hungarian Jews and that she had lost both her parents, four siblings and 13 cousins at Auschwitz. Verdict and sentence On 15 July 2015, he was found guilty of being an accessory to the murder of at least 300,000 Jews. Reacting to the sentence, Auschwitz survivor Kor said that she was "disappointed" adding: "I would like the court to prove to me, a survivor, how four years in jail will benefit anybody." Gröning's defence lawyer, Hans Holtermann, reviewed the decision before planning to appeal. On 28 November 2016, the appeal was declined by the German Federal Court of Justice (BGH). In August 2017, Gröning was judged to be fit for prison. An appeal to the Federal Constitutional Court also failed. The latter court ruled his age was not a valid reason not to send him to jail. On 15 January 2018, Gröning applied for pardon as a last measure to avoid imprisonment. The pardon was rejected. On 9 March 2018, Gröning died while hospitalized before he was to begin his sentence. He was 96.

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hook_sword"}

Chinese curved sword The hook sword, twin hooks, fu tao, hu tou gou (tiger head hook) or shuang gou (Chinese: 鈎 or 鉤; pinyin: Gou) is a Chinese weapon traditionally associated with northern styles of Chinese martial arts and Wushu weapons routines, but now often practiced by southern styles as well. Background Reliable information on hook swords is difficult to come by.[citation needed] While sometimes called an ancient weapon and described as dating from the Song dynasty to Warring States or even earlier, most antique examples and artistic depictions are from the late Qing era or later, suggesting that they are actually a comparatively recent design. They were also an exclusively civilian weapon, appearing in none of the official listings of Chinese armaments. Surviving sharpened examples point to actual use as weapons, but their rarity, and the training necessary to use them, strongly suggest that they were only rarely used as such. Characteristics Also known as "tiger hook swords" or qian kun ri yue dao (literally "Heaven and Earth, Sun and Moon sword"), these weapons have a sharp blade similar to the jian, though possibly thicker or sometimes unsharpened, with a prong or hook (similar to a shepherd's crook) near the tip. Guards are substantial, in the style of butterfly swords. Often used in pairs, the hooks of the weapons may be used to trap or deflect other weapons. There are five components to the hook sword: Use Routines for hook swords are taught in such northern schools as Northern Shaolin and Seven-Star Mantis, and in some schools of southern arts such as Choy Lay Fut. Modern routines for hook swords are often very flashy, and may involve techniques such as linking paired weapons and wielding them as a single long, flexible weapon. Most routines are single person. Some schools of Baguazhang also teach a similar weapon, often called "deer horn knives" or "Mandarin duck knives." These weapons typically feature a much shorter or entirely missing main hook, and instead focus on the various cutting and stabbing blades arranged around the guard. Because of the various protrusions and the high possibility for accidental hooking or stabbing, they are almost never used in sparring, and are used sparingly in two person routines. Popular culture Bibliography

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2015_US_Open_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_singles_qualifying"}

2015 tennis event results Seeds Qualifiers Draw Key First qualifier Second qualifier Third qualifier Fourth qualifier Fifth qualifier Sixth qualifier Seventh qualifier Eighth qualifier Ninth qualifier Tenth qualifier Eleventh qualifier Twelfth qualifier Thirteenth qualifier Fourteenth qualifier Fifteenth qualifier Sixteenth qualifier

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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ta%C5%9Fkesi%C4%9Fi,_Manavgat"}

Village in Antalya Province, Turkey Taşkesiği, Manavgat is a village in the District of Manavgat, Antalya Province, Turkey.

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