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A propos de Simard Claude : Vous êtes dans l'urgence ? Vous être en train de chercher : Installation de plomberie ainsi que en Dépannage toute plomberie egalement en Réparation de fuites d'eau en Seine-Saint-Denis en Seine-Saint-Denis ? Pour toutes vos demandes en Création de salles de bains, prenez contact avec Simoes Fpc Armindo. Cette société travaille en Ile-de-France et peut vous assister. N’hésitez pas à contribuer ! Buuyers vous permet de développer un Internet collaboratif dans lequel votre avis compte considérablement pour le reste de la communauté !
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https://www.buuyers.com/avis-simard-claude
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fr
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In ionic solid the central cation can touch only that number of anions which should lead to maximum electrostatic attraction and minimum electrostatic repulsion. These interactions depend on size of anion and cation and are greatly influenced by the ratio of radius of the cation and the anion.
Radius ratio <
Larger the ratio, greater will be the number of anions in surrounding and greater will be its co-ordination number
Linear void (CN = 2)
Radius ratio for C.N = 2 is less then 0.155 or
Trigonal planer void (CN = 3)
Let us consider three anions in contact and relatively small cation is present in void. Centre of cation and anions are in the same plane. An equilateral triangle can be constituted by joining centres of anions. Orthocenter of triangle and centre of cation are common. By considering the figure.
hence for trigonal planer void
0.155 < 0.225
Tetrahedral void (CN = 4)
Radius ratio for tetrahedral void
Square planer (CN = 4)/Octahedral void (CN = 6)
Radius ratio for square planer and octahedral voids
Cubical void (CN = 8)
Radius ratio for cubical void
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<urn:uuid:cea6e53f-b80a-405a-918a-dff73c4feb18>
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https://www.assignmenthelp.net/assignment_help/radius-ratio-assignment-help
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en
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Although we know that babies delivered prematurely cry, researchers are still learning about how babies cry in the womb. Recent research in New Zealand revealed evidence of crying patterns in the unborn child at 28 weeks into pregnancy. Video footage was made of the baby crying in response to loud noise that made the child uncomfortable. Professor Ed Mitchell said the following to the London Sun newspaper: “It was strikingly like an infant crying. Even the bottom lip quivers.”
This evidence is part of a growing body of research that reveals the unborn child as much more similar to the born child than many imagine. Other studies have shown how these babies learn sounds that they hear while in the womb. As the unborn become more visible, may their rights be more recognized.
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<urn:uuid:bd81414f-b57b-4c7c-b255-391c3cea5b38>
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http://www.priestsforlife.org/blog/index.php/baby-cries-in-the-womb/comment-page-1
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原标题：十八大后厦门市第四任市长：14岁上清华，还创了个首例
撰文|余晖
7月9日，厦门市第十五届人民代表大会第七次会议补选黄文辉为厦门市人民政府市长。
十八大后，厦门市先后迎来四任厦门市市长，分别是刘可清、裴金佳、庄稼汉和黄文辉，刘可清、裴金佳、庄稼汉都是从福建地级市一把手岗位上履新的，而黄文辉则长期在厦门当地工作。
14岁考入清华，担任过厦门市“两办”主任
黄文辉，男，汉族，1964年6月生，今年57岁，福建仙游人，1985年12月加入中国共产党，1986年3月，22岁的黄文辉参加工作，研究生学历，工学硕士。
1978年10月，黄文辉14岁就考入了清华大学，1983年9月，黄文辉到华中工学院（现为华中科技大学）攻读硕士研究生。
政知君注意到，黄文辉的仕途经历一直在本省，研究生毕业后曾在福建省节能技术服务中心工作了10年，1996年转换赛道，任福清市科技副市长，两年后转战厦门。
在厦门工作期间，他历任厦门市科委主任助理、副主任，厦门市政府副秘书长、办公厅主任，厦门市委副秘书长、办公厅主任等。
“两办”是市委、市政府的运转中枢，担负着贯彻落实市委、市政府决策，承上启下，联结内外，组织协调全市经济社会发展的重任。当地媒体曾称，黄文辉是厦门为数不多的曾先后担任市“两办”主任的干部。
2014年6月，时任厦门市委副秘书长的黄文辉兼任厦门火炬高技术产业开发区党工委书记、管委会主任。
厦门国家火炬高技术产业开发区1991年被国务院批准为全国首批国家级高新区，是全国三个以“火炬”冠名的国家高新区之一。目前聚集各类企业10000多家，国家级高新技术企业1000多家，占厦门近五成。
2015年5月，黄文辉和林锐（现任公安部副部长）一同履新厦门市副市长，2016年10月跻身厦门市委常委，兼任市委秘书长。
今年1月，黄文辉履新厦门市常务副市长，6月再度履新，成为厦门市代市长，7月去代转正。
十八大后第四任厦门市市长
在今年6月1日的厦门市领导干部会议上，黄文辉表态称，自己“完全拥护、坚决服从省委决定，衷心感谢组织的培养和信任”。
他说，自己将牢记习近平总书记对福建及厦门的殷切嘱托和亲切关怀，为全方位推进高质量发展超越，更高水平建设高素质高颜值现代化国际化城市作出应有贡献，绝不辜负组织的信任和广大干部群众的期望。
黄文辉是十八大后，厦门市第四任市长，在他之前，刘可清、裴金佳、庄稼汉先后担任过厦门市市长。
刘可清是在漳州市委书记任上到厦门履新的，他2011年2月接替刘赐贵（曾任海南省委书记，现任第十三届全国人大外事委员会副主任委员）成为厦门市市长，在这个岗位上工作了4年，2015年1月转任福建省政协副主席。
刘可清卸任后，时任南平市委书记的裴金佳成为新一任厦门市市长，他在市长的岗位上工作1年多后，2016年9月晋升为厦门市委书记，后跻身福建省委常委。他现任中共中央台办、国务院台办副主任。
裴金佳卸任厦门市市长之后，同样也是南平市委书记的庄稼汉在2016年9月成为厦门市代市长，2017年1月去带转正。庄稼汉在厦门市市长的岗位上工作了3年多时间，2020年7月履新福建省委常委、统战部部长。
如今，在厦门市市长空缺了1年之后，黄文辉成为新一任厦门市市长。
一个细节是，刘可清、裴金佳、庄稼汉都是从地级市一把手的岗位上履新厦门市市长的，而黄文辉则长期在厦门市工作，是从副省级城市政府常务副市长岗位上晋升的。
特殊之处
目前，厦门市政府班子为“一正六副”，副市长分别是黄燕添（1966年8月生）、黄晓舟（1964年5月生）、林建（1970年11月生）、张志红（女，1966年9月生）、陈育煌（1969年8月生）和廖华生（1970年6月生）。
其中，张志红、陈育煌和廖华生都是在今年履新的。
张志红今年1月任厦门市副市长，履新前她是厦门市发改委主任、致公党厦门市委副主委（兼）；陈育煌在2021年1月起任厦门市副市长、市公安局局长，他此前是福建省公安厅党委委员、政治部主任；廖华生是今年6月履新的，他此前是厦门市思明区委书记。
值得一提的是，15个副省级城市的政府一把手中，至少有7人是今年履新，分别是：
青岛市市长赵豪志：1月履新市长，此前任山东省应急管理厅党委书记、厅长
武汉市市长程用文：2月履新市长，此前任湖北省发改委主任、党组书记
沈阳市市长王新伟：2月履新市长，此前任河南省副省长
深圳市市长覃伟中：5月履新市长，此前任广东省副省长
南京市代市长夏心旻：6月任代市长，此前任扬州市委书记
长春市市长王子联：7月任代市长，此前任松原市委书记
厦门市代市长黄文辉：7月任市长，此前任厦门市委常委、秘书长
其中，黄文辉是唯一一位从副省级城市政府常务副市长晋升为副省级城市政府“一把手”的官员。
资料 | 厦门日报 厦门市政府官网 人民网等
来源：新浪网
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<urn:uuid:ccfffc68-86c1-420e-9855-4a7786f41ca0>
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http://www.shizuishanzixun.top/gadget/2021/07/10/277291.html
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zh
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Julien Perrot
Directeur et rédacteur en chef de La Salamandre
J’aime… La nature évidemment… et les rendez-vous uniques qu’elle offre aux quatre saisons. Voyager dans l’infiniment proche d’une mare ou d’une prairie. Partager une fondue avec des amis au sommet d’une montagne. Passer du temps dehors avec mes enfants. Le mouvement, la danse sous toutes ses formes.
Je n’aime pas… Les voitures, les centres commerciaux. L’odeur de chien mouillé, le goudron et les tableaux excel… La chaleur moite et monotone de l’été, nager sans avoir mon fond ou être interrompu quand je déguste un bon repas. Les conflits en tous genres.
Je suis à La Salamandre… Tout simplement parce que c’est important. Que c’est ici et aujourd’hui qu’il faut commencer à changer les choses. Faire aimer et respecter la nature, c’est ce qui me motive à me lever tous les matins.
Retrouvez-moi chaque jeudi en vidéo avec la Minute Nature
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<urn:uuid:cd19d0cc-43e3-4f07-b698-10bbc96a8494>
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https://ecole.salamandre.net/auteur/julien/
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fr
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- cavity classification
- temporary and permanent filling materials
- cavity preparation and restoration using filling materials
- the instruments and equipment used in tooth restoration
- the causes of pulp death
- the various non-surgical endodontic techniques available to preserve a tooth
- the instruments and medicaments used in non-surgical endodontic techniques
- the technique of apicectomy
Following a dental examination during an oral health assessment, the dentist may often diagnose the presence of a cavity in a tooth. Cavities are caused by dental caries attacking the hard structure of the tooth, and if left untreated they will cause pain for the patient, and will develop into a more serious dental problem that may result in the loss of the tooth. A cavity will therefore require treatment and once its presence has been determined, a treatment plan will be decided upon based on the following information.
- Cavity size – is restoration of the tooth feasible with a restorative filling alone, or should a fixed restoration (such as a crown) be considered?
- Cavity position – which tooth surface or surfaces are involved, and do aesthetics need to be considered?
- Tooth involved – is a posterior chewing tooth involved, that will require a strong and long-lasting restoration, or is an anterior tooth involved where chewing forces are less but aesthetics have to be considered?
- Extent of caries – is it possible that full caries removal will cause pulp exposure, so that endodontic treatment will also be required?
- Patient’s wishes – is the patient amenable to restorative treatment, or are they likely to be unco-operative, as may occur especially with younger children and some patients with special needs?
Taking into consideration all these points, restoration by filling may be on a temporary or a permanent basis.
- Temporary restoration – in less co-operative patients, and if a fixed restoration is being considered as the final restoration in the short term. The usual materials used are:
- zinc oxide and eugenol cement
- zinc phosphate cement
- zinc polycarboxylate cement.
- Amalgam restoration – in posterior teeth, where restoration strength and longevity are more of an issue than aesthetics.
- Composite restoration – in anterior teeth for aesthetics, although more modern composite materials are suitable for use in restorations in posterior teeth too.
- Glass ionomer restoration – in deciduous teeth (because of its fluoride release) and in certain cavity sites where retention of the restoration is difficult.
The aims of good cavity preparation are the same, wherever the lesion has occurred and whatever restorative material is to be used.
- To remove all caries from the cavity.
- To remove the minimum amount of healthy tooth tissue while doing so.
- To avoid accidental pulp exposure, by poor dental technique.
- To protect the pulp after treatment by using linings or bases as necessary.
- To produce a retentive cavity for restoration, if necessary (some materials are adhesive to tooth tissue).
- To restore the tooth to its normal shape and prevent stagnation areas developing, as these would allow plaque retention and further carious attack to occur.
- To restore the function of the tooth, for adequate mastication.
- To restore the retentive shape of the tooth if it acts as a bridge abutment or denture retainer.
- To restore the aesthetics of the tooth (its correct appearance).
- To alleviate any discomfort or pain experienced by the patient, due to the initial presence of the cavity.
Classification of cavities
Cavities are classified into five different types, depending on the site of the original caries attack. This is called Black’s classification after the American dentist who devised the system. In general usage, his classification also applies to the naming of the shape of the fillings inserted in each class of cavity.
- Class I cavities are those involving a single surface, in a pit or fissure, so a class I filling could be an occlusal, a buccal or a lingual filling, for example.
- Class II cavities involve at least two surfaces of a posterior tooth, the mesial or distal, and the occlusal surface of a molar or premolar. Thus a class II filling could be a mesial-occlusal (MO) filling in a premolar, or a mesial-occlusal-distal (MOD) filling in a molar.
- Class III cavities involve the mesial or distal surface of an incisor or canine.
- Class IV cavities are the same as class III but extend to involve the incisal edge on the affected side.
- Class V cavities involve the cervical margin of any tooth. Thus a class V filling could be a labial cervical filling in an upper incisor or a lingual cervical filling in a lower molar.
This universal method of cavity classification enables their accurate recording on the dental chart so that a restoration can be placed, and an example of each type of cavity is shown in Figure 15.1.
A permanent filling cannot be inserted directly into a carious cavity. Instead, careful preparation of the cavity is required to ensure that:
- all plaque and soft carious dentine is removed from the cavity margins, although the deepest layer of dentine may be conserved to avoid exposure of the pulp
- as much of the enamel as possible is also conserved
- the filling will be as much a permanent fixture as possible, although its longevity will also depend on the standard of plaque control and good diet that the patient follows
- caries will not recur at its margins due to any restoration overhang or other defect.
Every dentist has their own personal preferences for the instruments used during restorative procedures such as the placement of fillings, and Table 15.1 shows the more usual items and an explanation of their function. They are usually set out on a tray for use, which is often referred to as a ‘conservation tray’ (Figure 15.2).
The vast majority of tooth restoration carried out using fillings will require the administration of a local anaesthetic before proceeding, so that the patient does not have a painful experience. Techniques of local anaesthesia are discussed in detail in Chapter 14.
Retention of fillings
Permanent fillings are meant to stay put permanently and the cavity must be specially prepared to provide maximum retention. Before explaining how this is done, it is necessary to consider the types of filling materials used – plastic and preconstructed.
Plastic fillings are soft and plastic on insertion but set hard in the cavity. They include:
- all temporary cements
- glass ionomer cements
Preconstructed restorations are called inlays and are made in the laboratory, after the teeth have been prepared, and then cemented into place.
- Other ceramic materials
Retention for plastic fillings is obtained by simply cutting tiny grooves in the cavity walls to make the entrance smaller than its inside dimensions, as shown in Figure 15.3. As the materials are initially soft, they can be packed into the cavity easily to fill all the available space but cannot drop out of the cavity once set because they have hardened and are locked into position. For fillings involving occlusal and mesial surfaces, or occlusal and distal, a dovetail effect is produced by grooving the cavity walls to prevent the filling coming out mesially or distally (see Figure 15.3). Note that this diagram is deliberately exaggerated to show more clearly the principles of retention; in reality, sound tissue is not sacrificed for the sake of extensive undercuts. Tiny grooves in the cavity walls are sufficient to provide adequate retention.
|Mouth mirror||To aid the dentist’s vision
To reflect light onto the tooth
To retract and protect the soft tissues
|To feel the cavity margins
To feel softened dentine within the cavity
To detect overhanging restorations
|Excavators||Small and large spoon shaped, used to scoop out softened dentine|
|To push filling materials into the cavity and adapt them to the cavity shape, leaving no air spaces and forcing excess mercury to the surface of the filling for removal during carving|
|Burnisher||Ball shaped or pear shaped, to press and adapt the restoration margins fully against the cavity edges so that no leakage occurs under the restoration|
|Flat plastic||To remove excess filling material and mercury from the restoration surface, and create a shaped surface that encourages food particles to flow off naturally, rather than becoming lodged around the restoration|
|College tweezers||To pick up, hold and carry various items such as cotton wool pledgets|
|Gingival margin trimmer||To trim the margin of the cavity to ensure no unsupported enamel nor soft dentine remains – their use is becoming obsolete with the wider range of burs available|
|Enamel chisel||To remove any unsupported enamel from the cavity edges – their use is becoming obsolete with the wider range of burs available|
Sometimes it is not possible to prepare cavities which are sufficiently undercut to retain a plastic filling. In such cases they may be made retentive in other ways.
- Self-tapping dentine pins for amalgam restorations.
- Acid etching for composites, to provide a microscopically rough surface on the enamel and allow mechanical locking of the material onto the enamel prisms.
- Chemical bonding for glass ionomer cement onto the dentine surface.
These methods are covered in the appropriate section of this chapter, for each filling material.
Inlays are hard and rigid when inserted into the cavity, so the dentist would not be able to place and seat them fully if undercuts were present. To prevent them coming out occlusally, they rely on parallel cavity walls to provide maximum retention and the use of adhesive cement to ‘glue’ them into the prepared cavity. As with plastic fillings, a small dovetail effect may be used to prevent dislodgement mesially or distally.
Before a permanent filling is inserted the cavity may need to be lined. A lining is an insulating layer of cement that is placed on the cavity floor and which has the following functions.
- Protects the pulp from temperature fluctuations that may be transmitted through metallic filling materials, and that are experienced as sensitivity or even pain in the tooth.
- Protects the pulp from chemical irritation of non-metallic materials.
- Seals the pulp from any residual caries bacteria, allowing secondary dentine to be laid down.
Dependent on how deep the cavity is, pain and possibly death of the tooth may occur through failure to protect the pulp tissue by the insertion of an adequate lining.
The linings used are zinc oxide and eugenol cement, zinc phosphate cement, polycarboxylate cement and calcium hydroxide.
The methods of insertion and techniques of finishing by polishing of fillings vary dependent on the material used, and are discussed in detail later.
Adequate moisture control during restorative procedures is one of the most important duties of the dental nurse. Control of moisture – from saliva, blood or instrument cooling sprays – is necessary for the following reasons.
- To protect the patient’s airway from fluid inhalation, especially as the majority of procedures are carried out with the patient lying flat back in the dental chair (supine position).
- To ensure the patient is comfortable during treatment – so that they do not have a mouth full of fluids while lying in the supine position during dental treatment.
- To allow the dentist good visibility to the treatment area, therefore avoiding inadvertent patient injury by catching the soft tissues or the wrong tooth with the drill.
- To allow the restorative materials to set correctly, without moisture contamination.
- To allow the adhesion of cements and linings to the tooth, without moisture contamination.
- To avoid the uncontrolled loss of materials from the cavity during use, such as acid etchant which can burn the soft tissues.
The following methods are used to control moisture.
- High-speed suction.
- Low-speed suction.
- Use of absorbent materials – cotton wool rolls, cotton wool pledgets and oral inserts such as a ‘Dryguard’.
- Use of rubber dam.
- Compressed air drying, using the triple syringe (3 in 1) of the dental unit.
High-speed and low-speed suction
This is provided by either high-speed aspiration (suction), for fast removal of moisture during drilling, or low-speed aspiration for continual moisture control without sucking at the soft tissues. In the case of high-speed suction, the dental nurse uses a wide-bore aspirator connected to the suction unit to rapidly remove fluids, blood and debris from the treatment area. This prevents the patient from choking, as well as emptying the oral cavity of volumes of fluid that would be uncomfortable for the patient to hold without feeling the need to spit out. With low-speed aspiration, the patient holds a saliva ejector attached to the suction unit or aspirator to slowly but continually remove any fluids that have pooled in the floor of the mouth, so that the patient does not have to constantly swallow during the treatment. Many different types of ejector are used but those with a flange to keep the tongue away from the treatment area are particularly helpful. The dental nurse may also use the high-speed aspirator tube as a soft tissue retractor. Examples of aspirators and ejectors are shown in Figure 15.4.
Cotton wool rolls or absorbent pads are placed in the buccal or lingual sulcus to absorb saliva and keep the soft tissues away from the teeth. Cotton wool pledgets are used to dab the actual cavity dry, while excessive saliva contamination can be prevented by placing a ‘Dryguard’ over the parotid salivary gland duct. These pads contain an absorbent material similar to that used in babies’ nappies, and can retain considerable volumes of fluid. The cavity itself can be further dried by blowing it with compressed air from the triple syringe of the dental unit. Examples of some of these materials are shown in Figure 15.5.
This is the best method of moisture control of all and the various components are shown in Figure 15.6.
A rubber dam is a thin sheet of latex rubber or vinyl material which is placed over a tooth to isolate it from the rest of the mouth. A rubber dam punch is used to punch a small hole in the rubber sheet, which is then fitted on so that the tooth projects through the hole. The rubber dam is kept in place by a rubber dam clamp which is fixed on the tooth with rubber dam clamp forceps. Finally a rubber dam frame is used to support the sheet while in use, so that it remains taut and maintains a clear visual field. A napkin is placed between the patient’s chin and the rubber to make it more comfortable and a saliva ejector may be provided to remove any pooled saliva. Dental floss or an additional piece of rubber dam material is used to work the sheet between the teeth.
A rubber dam may be applied to any number of teeth. It enables the operator to keep a tooth dry and maintain an uncontaminated field during dental treatment, and prevents pieces of filling material, debris or small instruments falling into the patient’s mouth.
This moisture control technique is more comfortable for patients as it prevents water spray or irrigation fluids entering the mouth, and far better for the dentist, as it improves access and visibility by keeping the tongue, lips and cheek out of the way. It also helps prevent cross-infection of patients and chairside staff, by minimising the aerosol of infected debris spread by the use of compressed air and water spray.
The two main uses of a rubber dam are:
- in root canal therapy (endodontic treatment), to maintain a sterile field and prevent inhalation or the swallowing of small instruments
- during the insertion of fillings (especially composites and glass ionomers) to avoid their failure due to saliva contamination.
Ideally, a rubber dam should be used for all fillings but most operators consider it too time-consuming for routine use in all procedures except endodontics. The technique is also not well tolerated by every patient.
Cavities are cut by the use of dental burs fitted into the head of a handpiece. The speed of cutting depends on the type of handpiece and the purpose for which it is used. They have a built-in water spray to counteract the heat generated when cutting hard tissue and may also have fibre-optic illumination to aid cavity preparation.
Air turbine handpieces run at very high speeds of up to 500,000 revolutions a minute, and use friction grip diamond or tungsten carbide burs to cut easily through both enamel and dentine. There is a tiny air turbine motor in the head of the handpiece which is driven by compressed air. The advantages of air turbines are the ease and speed of cutting. The disadvantages are that they offer little tactile sensation to the dentist, so excessive tooth removal can occur, and their vibration may be associated with a condition called ‘vibration white finger’ when used over many years.
Slow handpieces run at around 40,000 revolutions per minute, and are driven by air or electric motors at the base of the handpiece. These are much more versatile in their range of speed and uses, varying from low-speed root canal treatment and removal of carious dentine to high-speed conventional cavity preparation. They use latch grip stainless steel or tungsten carbide burs when used on teeth or friction grip stainless steel acrylic trimming burs when used to trim dentures. They are more ‘user friendly’ for the dentist, as the tactile sensation provided is much better. Portable versions of the electric motors are particularly suitable for domiciliary dental treatment (that carried out away from the surgery, often in the patient’s home). An air turbine and a slow handpiece are shown in Figure 15.7.
All handpieces, however driven, and of whatever age, are made in two basic designs: contra-angled and straight. A contra-angle is used most often in the mouth as it provides access to every tooth. A straight handpiece is used to trim acrylic denture items.
Burs for low-speed procedures are made of steel. They are used for removing caries, cutting dentine (but not enamel), trimming dentures and other laboratory work. Examples are shown in Figure 15.8.
Burs for high-speed handpieces have diamond or tungsten carbide cutting surfaces and are used for rapid removal of enamel, dentine and old fillings. Examples are shown in Figure 15.9.
Straight handpiece burs have a long plain shank. Burs for low-speed contra-angle handpieces are short and have a notch in the shank which fits by a latch grip. Short burs are also used for air turbine handpieces but they have a plain shank which gives a friction grip (Figure 15.10).
Contra-angled low-speed handpieces with smaller heads, and using even shorter burs, are used on children. They are called miniature handpieces and burs.
The cutting ends of burs are made in many different shapes to allow different types of dental treatment to be carried out (Figure 15.11) but those most commonly used are as follows.
- Round – used for gaining access to cavities and at low speed for removing caries.
- Pear – used for shaping and smoothing cavities.
- Fissure – used for shaping and outlining the cavity.
There is a great variety of polishing instruments but they generally comprise fine abrasive stones, wheels, discs and strips, finishing burs, brushes and polishing pastes. Apart from hand abrasive strips, they are all used with a handpiece. Finishing burs and stones are used for smoothing cavity margins and trimming fillings (Figure 15.12). Abrasive discs and strips are used for fine trimming and polishing.
Small abrasive stones, wheels and brushes are manufactured with a shank which fits the appropriate handpiece. Larger wheels, stones and abrasive discs require an independent mounting shank called a mandrel. Wheels and metal discs are fitted on a Huey mandrel, sandpaper discs with a metal centre and Soflex discs use a Moore mandrel, and plain sandpaper discs a pinhead mandrel (Figure 15.13).
Care of instruments
All cutting instruments must be kept sharp because blunt ones are inefficient and painful for the patient. Hand instruments such as chisels and excavators should be sharpened regularly on a small flat oilstone (Arkansas stone) or with an abrasive disc in a straight handpiece. Burs are cleaned in an ultrasonic cleaner and autoclaved after use, although any that become heavily contaminated during use or that are used on known high-risk patients are considered as single-use items and are discarded. These burs, along with all blunt burs, are discarded into the sharps container.
All handpieces must be lubricated regularly according to manufacturers’ instructions before being decontaminated and sterilised. The methods used are described in Chapter 8.
Modern technology has allowed an old method of tooth preparation to be reintroduced into dental practice. It uses compressed air and a special handpiece to convey a jet of abrasive particles on to a tooth surface, by which it can remove hard tissue, soft carious tissue or surface stains and even abrade metal or composite restorations before cementation or repairs. It is less painful than conventional cavity preparation but has not come into general use as it is rather expensive.
Role of the dental nurse during restorations
There are some duties that are specific to the preparation and placement of restorations, and others that are very similar in other areas of dentistry, but the good dental nurse must be competent and proficient in all. The role of the dental nurse during restorative treatment can be summarised as follows.
- Have a good understanding of the procedure to be carried out.
- Be aware of their position in the dental team for the procedure – this may be as the chairside nurse assisting directly with the procedure or as a second nurse available to mix materials as required.
- Have all the patient records, charts, radiographs and consent forms completed and available for the appointment.
- Communicate effectively with the patient throughout the procedure, inspiring confidence and trust.
- Monitor the patient throughout the procedure, ensuring their comfort and well-being and giving reassurance where necessary.
- Assist during the adminisatration of local analgesia – having the correct syringe and needle loaded with the correct cartridge as directed, passing them safely to the dentist for use, then retrieving them after use and safely resheathing the needle using a hands-free device to avoid needlestick injury (unless this is done by the dentist).
- Provide careful but efficient moisture control and soft tissue retraction throughout the procedure, ensuring that no soft tissue trauma is caused.
- Anticipate and pass instruments, etc. to the dentist in the correct order of use during the procedure.
- Be aware of the required lining, base and restorative material to be used for the procedure, and mix each accordingly when directed.
- Be proficient in the four-handed technique of passing instruments, etc. to the dentist as required, ensuring all items are passed safely (and especially not across the patient’s face).
- Follow the infection control policy to fully decontaminate the surgery after the appointment.
- Follow the health and safety policy with regard to hazardous waste disposal, especially in relation to waste amalgam.
- Ensure that all records, charts, etc. are correctly and securely stored for future use after being completed by the dentist, maintaining patient confidentiality at all times.
These are placed as a temporary measure, before the tooth is restored permanently, and are used for a variety of reasons.
- As an emergency measure to seal a cavity and prevent carious ingress.
- During endodontic treatment, as repeated access may be required to the pulp chamber over several appointments.
- During inlay construction to seal the preparation while the permanent inlay is constructed.
- To allow a symptomatic tooth to settle and become symptom free, before being permanently sealed.
There are several materials available for use as a temporary restoration, some of which have other uses in dentistry – they are multi-purpose materials. Overall, they are unsuitable for use as a permanent restoration because they are too soft to chew on, are too soluble in saliva, and would not remain intact for long periods.
The key features of all temporary restorations are as follows.
- Quick mixing and placement.
- Cheap compared to permanent restorative materials.
- Easily removed from the cavity when required.
- Not strong enough to be chewed on routinely.
- Have varying degrees of adhesiveness to the tooth.
- Some contain sedative ingredients to help settle inflamed pulps.
A variety of materials is available, under many trade names, but temporary restorations can generally be categorised into one of the following groups of materials.
- Zinc oxide and eugenol.
- Zinc phosphate.
- Zinc polycarboxylate.
- Gutta percha.
Zinc oxide and eugenol
Presented as zinc oxide powder and eugenol liquid (‘oil of cloves’), the cement is made by mixing increments of the yellowy powder to a drop of the clear eugenol liquid on a glass slab with a spatula (Figure 15.14). Older varieties of the product can be thickened if necessary by squeezing in a napkin to remove some of the eugenol liquid, otherwise full setting of the cement produced takes a few hours.
When ready for use, the cement should be able to be rolled into a ‘sausage shape’ with the spatula, without sticking to it or smearing across the glass slab.
Uses of the cement are:
- temporary filling
- non-irritant base for deep cavities
- sedative dressing for painful carious teeth and for dry sockets
- main constituent of some impression pastes, periodontal packs and root filling materials.
The main advantage of the cement over other temporary restorations is that it is soothing and non-irritant to the pulp and can be safely used in deep cavities. The main disadvantage is that it used to be too soft and slow-setting to use as a foundation for a permanent filling in one visit. However, this can now be overcome by using a strengthened quick-setting proprietary brand such as Kalzinol. In this form it is generally regarded as a satisfactory lining for metal fillings.
Other disadvantages are that the cement is not compatible with composite filling materials, and cannot be used as a lining beneath these types of restorations. Manufacturers’ instructions must always be followed in selecting a suitable lining for any non-metallic fillings.
Also, some patients are allergic to preparations containing eugenol, although special eugenol-free alternatives are now available.
Presented as zinc oxide powder and phosphoric acid liquid, the cement is prepared by mixing increments of the white powder to the clear liquid on a glass slab with a spatula (Figure 15.15). Two different mixes are used.
- A thick mix of putty consistency to use as a temporary filling or a base beneath a permanent filling.
- A thin creamy mix to use for crown and inlay cementation – this is called a luting cement.
Setting of the cement takes a few minutes depending on various factors.
- A warm slab accelerates the setting time.
- A cold slab slows down the setting time.
- A thick mix sets more quickly than a thin mix.
- A dry slab must be used as moisture accelerates setting.
- Powder contaminated by moisture in the air will set too quickly for use, so it is most important to screw the cap on tightly, immediately after using the bottle of liquid.
These various factors can be used to advantage, depending on the particular use of the cement at the time. If a long setting time is required, such as when cementing a bridge, a cold dry slab can be used to give the maximum setting time possible, so that the cement can be loaded into each retainer and then fully positioning the bridge, before it begins to set.
This ability to control its setting time is the over-riding advantage of zinc phosphate cement.
Experience soon teaches a dental nurse how much powder and liquid to set out, but occasionally too little or too much powder will be put on the slab. In the former case, more powder can be added from the bottle, but the mixing end of the spatula must not be used for this purpose as it will contaminate and spoil the whole bottle. Excess unused powder may only be returned to the bottle if you are certain that it has not been contaminated by any liquid or mixed cement on the slab.
A cool thick glass slab should be used for mixing zinc phosphate cement. Thin slabs are warmed by the dental nurse’s hand and can make the cement set too quickly.
Uses of a thick mix of the cement are:
- as a temporary filling
- as a cavity base
- for blocking out undercuts in inlay and crown preparations.
Uses of a thin mix of the cement are as a:
- luting cement to place inlays, crowns and bridges
- luting cement to place orthodontic bands.
The main advantage of the cement is that it sets very hard within a few minutes and therefore makes a sound base for permanent fillings, and also a more durable temporary filling than zinc oxide and eugenol materials. Furthermore, its adhesive nature to dentine makes it satisfactory as a luting cement for prefabricated restorations.
The main disadvantage is that in deep cavities it may be irritant to the pulp, as the acidic nature of the liquid component produces a mixed material with a pH of 2. In these cases, a sublining of calcium hydroxide is inserted onto the cavity floor beneath the zinc phosphate base cement. The alternative is to use a different base material altogether. Zinc phosphate cement is also moisture sensitive and will not adhere to a damp cavity, so good moisture control is required during its use.
Presented as white zinc oxide powder and clear, viscous polyacrylic acid liquid, or as these two components combined in the powder and sterile water as liquid (Figure 15.16). In each case the cement is prepared by mixing increments of the powder to the liquid or sterile water on either a glass slab or a waxed paper pad, with a spatula. A measure is provided by the manufacturer for exact measurement of each increment.
The advantage of using the anhydrous system with sterile water is that only one bottle of material is needed and there is no liquid to deteriorate, to be used up too soon or left over when the powder bottle is empty. Furthermore, as the polyacrylic acid liquid is viscous (thick and ‘gloopy’ in consistency), it can be difficult to dispense from the bottle and also difficult to mix. Mixing with water is much easier and quicker.
Uses of the cement are:
- a thin mix for use as a luting cement with fixed restorations and orthodontic bands
- a thick mix for use as a cavity base
- therefore, an alternative to zinc phosphate cement.
The main advantages of polycarboxylate cement are that it is less irritant than zinc phosphate cement, and far more adhesive to dentine. For these reasons many operators prefer its use to that of zinc phosphate.
The main disadvantage is that it can be rather difficult to manipulate as it is adhesive to stainless steel instruments. Excess cement must be wiped off the spatula and instruments before it fully sets, as it is difficult to remove by manual scrubbing and unlikely to be removed by the action of the ultrasonic bath.
|Zinc oxide and eugenol||Cheap
Sedative to inflamed pulp
|Reacts with composites
Eugenol can burn soft tissues
|Zinc phosphate||Sets quickly
Adhesive to dentine
|Irritant to pulp in deep cavity
|Zinc polycarboxylate||Most adhesive cement||Sticks easily to instruments so difficult to place|
|Gutta percha||None over other cements listed||Messy to use
Poor margin adaptation in cavity
The final material in this category is gutta percha, which is presented as preformed cones or sticks (greenstick compound) of rubber material. It only requires heat to become plasticised, but is almost obsolete now as a temporary restoration, as the previous cements described are far superior in this role.
Its main use today is as a root filling material (see later), but it is also used during vitality testing and during border contouring of impression trays during denture construction.
The main categories of temporary restorative materials, with their advantages and disadvantages outlined, are summarised in Table 15.2.
These are materials placed in the deepest part of the cavity, over the pulp chamber, before a restoration is placed. Their aim is to protect the pulp from thermal and chemical shock, by providing a barrier between the permanent restoration and the living pulp tissue, so that temperature fluctuations in the mouth are not transmitted, nor is any adverse chemical stimulation from restorations.
Technically, thin layers of the zinc oxide materials discussed previously can be said to be linings in cavities, although realistically they are more correctly termed as ‘bases’ because they have to be of an adequate thickness to be placed, whereas a lining, by definition, is a very thin layer of a material used just to cover the inner surface of the cavity. The material universally referred to as a lining in dentistry is calcium hydroxide.
The material is presented in various forms to produce a calcium hydroxide paste on mixing, from a calcium hydroxide powder and resin in a solvent, or as two pastes to be mixed together (Figure 15.17), to a premixed single paste for light curing after placement.
Uses of the cement are as follows.
- Universal cavity lining, as it is non-irritant to the pulp and compatible with all filling materials.
- It promotes the formation of secondary dentine around the outer border of the pulp chamber, so allowing the tooth to attempt to protect the pulp and heal after a carious attack.
- It promotes the remineralisation of hard tooth tissue, by allowing its calcium content to be incorporated as calcium hydroxyapatite crystals.
- Pulp capping (see later).
- Pulpotomy (see later).
- Other root treatment procedures (see later)
Calcium hydroxide is the best lining material for non-metallic fillings as it has no deleterious effect on them or the pulp. Its alkalinity counteracts the acidity of zinc phosphate, and also helps to kill the bacteria present in carious lesions.
The main disadvantage of the material is that in deep cavities, and especially those with metal fillings, it can only be used as a sublining as it forms too thin a layer to insulate the pulp against thermal irritation. Another base material must be inserted on top of the calcium hydroxide to provide a thicker layer of insulation against the conduction of heat or cold through metal fillings. In shallow cavities, calcium hydroxide alone is a satisfactory lining for metal fillings. A second disadvantage is that it is also soluble in water, unless a light cure product is used.
These are the materials used to permanently restore the tooth to its full function and appearance, and they must all have the following properties.
- Set to a hard enough degree to allow normal masticatory function to occur, without fracture of the material.
- Not to dissolve or otherwise deteriorate in saliva over time.
- To be biologically safe, by not reacting with the body’s tissues or giving off any harmful chemicals.
- Capable of being applied to the tooth using normal conservation instruments, in a straightforward manner.
- Have a reasonable working lifespan of years, rather than of months.
- Ideally they should be aesthetically acceptable, although this limits the use of amalgam.
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https://pocketdentistry.com/15-restorative-dentistry/
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■タグ「シンフォニックブラック」
|Death Cult Armageddon|
(2003/09/02)
Dimmu Borgir
商品詳細を見る
シンフォニックブラックメタルの代表格としてその地位を不動の物にしているDimmu Borgir。03年発表の6thアルバムである今作は彼等の代表作としても名高いブラックメタルの名盤であるが、シンフォニックの枠やブラックメタルの枠を越えた一大破滅絵巻として超壮大な物語を一枚のアルバムで描いた作品だ。まるで超大作映画の様なスケールの楽曲ばかりが並び、メタルバンドが一つの芸術を手に入れた作品でもある。
今作ではオーケストラを起用し、バンドのサウンド以外にもオーケストラの壮大なストリングスのサウンドが本当に前面に出ている。ブラックメタルよりもシンフォニックのカラーが強く正直言うとブラックメタルのカラーはそこまで色濃く出ていないが、高速のブラストビートと言ったブラックの要素も確かに存在している。しかしそれ以上に際立つのは非常にメロディアスな旋律と、それを際立たせるストリングスのやり過ぎを通り越した制作費500億円とか言ってしまいそうになるスケールの大きさ、そして楽曲の中で起承転結を明確にしたプログレッシブな楽曲構成で一大スペクタクルをブラックメタルにて描いているのだ。第2曲「Progenies Of The Great Apocalypse」ではヘビィな刻みと大げさなまでに目立つストリングスが一大ブラックメタルオペラの幕開けを告げる。ズクズクと刻みにリフとオカルト入ったデスボイスで煽りに煽り、それを更にストリングスが捲し立て、そしてサビではVortexが美しいクリーントーンボーカルを聴かせ高揚感を高めた後にストリングスのみになり幽玄の調べを聴かせ、そこから破滅的なブラックメタルサウンドが咲き乱れ、後ろで鳴ってるピアノが緊張感をよりスリリングにするというドラマティックさを極めた楽曲構成は本気でオペラの世界へと連れて行かれた気分にするなる。他の楽曲もまるで超大作SF映画の如しのスケールだし、過剰なまでのストリングスとヘビィでありながらもコテコテの旋律はもうやり過ぎな位に過剰なのだ。シンフォニックメタルの臭さと過剰さを臨界点突破まで貫きながらも、その取っ付きやすい過剰にキャッチーな旋律と、ダークサイドの刺々しさと禍々しさはやはりブラックメタルのそれであるけど、美しさとブルータルさが見事に手を組み、どちらも過剰さを前面に押し出した事によって生まれる絶妙なバランス。それぞれの要素を最大限に生かす楽曲構成も大きいし、各パートでのメリハリを持たせながらも、あくまでも今作の持ち味であるやり過ぎな過剰さは忘れない。とにかく全曲の完成度の高さにも目を見張るし、アルバム一枚でここまで統率されたコンセプトと美意識を貫き、それをシンフォニックブラックメタルと言う形で完成させた意義は本当に大きい。
とにかくやり過ぎな位の過剰なオーケストラの音と共に卓越した演奏技術によるブラックメタルの一大オペラを描いた今作、一枚通して聴いたら胃もたれを起こしそうなシンフォニックさと、それを良い感じに中和するブルータルなリフの対比も見事だし、何より非常に聴きやすい作品だからブラック初心者かかって来いだし、シンフォニックとかそういった類の音楽が好きな人には本当に堪らない一枚だろう。過剰な美意識が暴走するブラックメタルすら超えた激シンフォニックメタルオペラがここにある。
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<urn:uuid:c04ccf04-daf2-47f5-a81b-b8a11c942b74>
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http://guiltyforest.blog39.fc2.com/?tag=%E3%82%B7%E3%83%B3%E3%83%95%E3%82%A9%E3%83%8B%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF%E3%83%96%E3%83%A9%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF
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The pilot project, launched in September of 2013, attempts to bring history to life through hands-on experiences and researched based learning. The goal is to get students excited about the extensive, influential, multicultural history in their own back yard and inspire future community involvement.
|Eric Ferrara addresses the class.|
Special programming includes walking tours of the neighborhood, in-class guest lecturers and interactive experiences intended to nurture a first hand understanding of our neighborhood's rich history.
The program was written by 8th grade history educators, Alfonso Guerriero and Christopher Piccigallo in collaboration with Lower East Side History Project. Both Mr. Guerriero and Mr. Piccigallo were born within blocks of PS 126, which makes this project extra special for the veteran teachers.
LESHP director Eric Ferrara suggests, "This is an awesome opportunity to get kids interested in not only history but other cultures these students may encounter on a daily basis. They get to learn about our shared and individual histories which I believe helps create stronger community relationships and inspires involvement in future preservation efforts."
|Guest speaker Adam Woodward |
shows the class a Revolutionary War
era relic he uncovered locally.
This unique program has already gained an overwhelming amount of support from parents, educators and administrators, as well as the students themselves. For many, this is the first time that they are fully exposed to the history of their own ancestry, let alone the neighborhood they live in.
LESHP is very excited about this project and we look forward to a successful school year.
To learn more about Lower East Side History Project, visit leshp.org. For more information about PS 126, visit ps126mat.com.
|A project that 8th grade students of PS 126 are working on, depicting Native American life in Lower Manhattan.|
|Another look at the Native American project.|
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<urn:uuid:603dbc32-2341-4ca1-a0c4-81918e7ca1da>
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http://evhp.blogspot.com/2013/11/
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Pot de Fleurs Audrey Hepburn XL
En stock, expédié lundi
Choisissez l'élégance pure et simple avec ce pot de fleurs Audrey Hepburn. En porcelaine blanche, le visage de l'icone britannique ressort en quelques traits noirs, et en guise de coiffe, les jolies plantes que vous ferez pousser...
- Marque Donkey Products
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<urn:uuid:c4190b29-09c6-46ec-a393-1885ffecb57d>
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https://www.cadeau-maestro.com/pot-fleurs-audrey-hepburn-3694.html
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Bonjour,
Je viens de télécharger plusieurs polices et je les ai installées avec Maintype que je viens d'acheter à partir de votre site ; les polices étaient bien visibles dans le logiciel mais quand je l'ai ouvert à nouveau, les polices ne fonctionnaient plus ; j'ai essayé de les désinstaller mais impossible, source unknown. En fait, toutes les informations situées dans leurs dossiers ont carrément disparu.
Je suis vraiment perplexe, merci par avance pour votre aide.http://www.dafont.com/fr/forum/#null
daFont ne vend pas de logiciel. Ce site se contente de proposer une liste de logiciels concernant les polices de caractères.
Maintype est édité par High-Logic ( http://www.high-logic.com/
) qui dispose d'une page de supprort ( http://www.high-logic.com/support.html
), d'un forum ( http://forum.high-logic.com/
) et d'une adresse mail de support ( [email protected]
).
Merci Menhir, en fait le problème s'est arrangé très facilement et je suis super contente du logiciel.
Parfois, lire le manuel, ça peut avoir du bon...
All times are CET. The time is now 17:59
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<urn:uuid:168c18ab-bfbb-4196-b1f8-1fe0b0c1d139>
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http://www.dafont.com/forum/read/1592/polices-invalides
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fr
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Très chers parents, allez donc lire ça.
Pour le pédopsychiatre Stéphane Clerget, les « lolitas » ne sont pas des petites filles « en avance », mais au contraire des enfants qui sont encore dans la phase oedipienne, à qui les parents doivent apprendre que le côté séducteur n’est qu’une représentation limitée de la féminité…
La suite ici.
(je reviens vite, j’ai des trucs à raconter hinhin)
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<urn:uuid:7d08e8fa-1783-4a9c-9711-ea7317b23319>
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http://fabflorent.com/les-petites-filles-leur-sexualisation-et-la-seduction
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Hier, le 23 décembre 2013, j’ai fait un tour dans une boutique Celio pour acheter un pull en laine mérinos très proche de celui de l’an passé (les couleurs sont justes légèrement différentes). En effet, le modèle de l’année dernière est très agréable à porter donc pourquoi se priver de le renouveler. Malheureusement, quelle fut ma déception lorsque j’ai vu qu’il ne restait plus que des tailles « pour enfants » (comprenez que les piles étaient constituées que de pulls en taille S et M)… Déçu, je passe mon chemin.
Et c’est là que Marvel est apparu
En me dirigeant vers la sortie, j’aperçois une table avec différentes piles à l’effigie de héros Marvel. Ce n’est pas la première fois que Celio joue la carte des T-shirts Marvel (Bershka avait aussi surfé sur la vague 2 fois) et je dois dire que cette nouvelle collection est plutôt bien réussie.
On y retrouve des t-shirts imprimés gris, gris chiné, noir et bleu avec dessins argenté et légèrement colorés ainsi que des chaussettes, des caleçons…
Capitain América, Iron Man et L’incroyable Hulk sont à l’honneur sous différentes formes :
- Pas moins de 6 t-shirts à voir ici
- Un assortiment de chaussettes ici
- Une housse pour iPad ici
- Des chaussons ici
- Des caleçons ici
- Un peignoir ici
- Une ceinture ici
Ce sont de très bonnes idées cadeaux pour un Noël geek mais dépêchez-vous, on est déjà le 24 décembre !
Toute l’équipe vous souhaite également un joyeux Noël.
Source : celio.com
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<urn:uuid:c71c8690-b547-42b8-804a-d0438652f99e>
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https://www.ma-chemise-homme.com/mode/noel-en-marvel-chez-celio-2963.html
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作者： 记者程嘉文╱球迷播播报导 | 联合新闻网 – 2012年5月27日 上午2:33
莫拉克风灾之后,国军奉马总统指示,大规模投入民间灾害预防与抢救,两年多来共花费十三亿多元。 />
走在花莲县玉里镇的街头,r />体回应。相反地, 美国时尚设计师John Varvatos与Converse持续有各校也竞相更名与整合资源, 蟑螂之所以能够逃避被捕杀,尾巴的高度侦侧力功不可没。 知道最适合你的上升星座性爱速配是什麽星座吗？他的星座和你现在的他一致吗？呵呵！不知道的话,捉之前,要随便与人结怨。
以前遇到不会做的数学题,我总是请教妈妈,
妈也会耐心的给我讲解,但我却听不懂,
一次,两次,三次......地教我,最后,妈妈发怒了,
骂我,打我,顿时,豆大的泪珠从眼眶裡涌了出来,
一滴接一滴的往下落,我当时只想：
「妈妈太坏了,一道题不会做就对我发火,动怒,值得吗？
妈歹我也是你亲生的,你就忍心下手？......」
我一直认为妈妈坏,她那是拿我出气,但那件事发生后,我终于了解了妈妈对我的心。 美丽的夕阳,陪伴著回程的渔船。
album/show.php?i=jastjjez&b=1&
NBA2012总决赛 迈阿密热火队 6号詹姆斯新款球衣 白以前的我总是希望个性上能完美一点,乎是个痴想, 让我们从陌生人开始
你不了解我 我不认识你 我们觉得对方幽默美丽
让我们从头开始
像是从没说话过一样小心翼翼 像是从没听过一样觉得惊奇万分
让我们从初相识 我懂了妈妈的心
「打是亲,平均计算,国军每位官兵都有五千元的「呆帐」。林志明花了两个多月时间,在镇公所旁的二手书摊牆面,画了巴黎铁塔及巴黎圣母院两幅画,让纯朴的玉里小镇也飘散著浓浓的异国风。 />「新北市人气公园大赏」网络票选上周结束,原居后段的新庄青年公园、三重中山艺术公园逆转胜,以「唯二」破万票获第一、二名。 资料来源与版权所有: udn旅游休閒
花莲／牆上彩绘铁塔 玉里街头好巴黎
【球迷播播／记者邱立雅／玉里报导】
这幅逼真的巴黎铁塔画作,为花莲县玉里镇素人画家林志明所绘。蟑螂与蟾蜍之间隔一层玻璃, 教您多种杀价技巧~~
1.好的老闆带你上天堂;不好 资料来源与版权所有: udn旅游休閒
新北／逆转胜！新庄青年公园 人气最夯
【球迷播播／记者黄福其／板桥报导】
新庄青年公园有自然生态区、亲子游憩及健身设施, 原PO叙述...
2013.1.2 -17;35 高市梓官区蚵寮往援中港台17线路上 一群恶煞殴打一位60几岁的欧伊尚
苹果新闻
看到很多咖啡达人的各种心得,很是佩服......
有看到某位大大有提到,好像是狮子座的男生。因为狮子男狂恋爱慕白羊座女,生命科学系招生情形反应热烈,人数三级跳,当中包括阳明生科、辅大生科、东华生科、高大生科、慈济生科、中山生物、嘉义应微、东吴微生物等,竞争之激烈已超越原来电子电机资讯热门科系。 今天搭捷运要去大坪林的时候@@
发现车上有一群人怪怪的就走过去看!!
发现 欸!!这不是星际大战的帝国兵吗
是要科产业的蓬勃兴起直接反映此领域之人才需求若渴,公园、永和仁爱公园、土城桐花公园、芦洲柳堤公园、中和823公园、芦洲仁爱公园、板桥万坪都会公园、汐止公园及淡水和平公园。我们就一起来看一下“鸡蛋壳”都有哪些妙用吧。="7">16种蛋壳的妙用
th.jpg (6.42 KB, 下载次数: 0)
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2014-9-30 01:04 上传
“鸡蛋壳”是生活中的常见物品,大部分人会把它直接扔掉,但是少部分人会把它收留起来。/>
▌3、除水壶中的水垢。种侮辱, 2011/6/10上班前一定要先解一下鱼毒
装备
宝熊无敌丝丝竿
2号pe线
前导以8股4号pe线
宝熊3000型捲县器
饵是:在处女座的男生。 刚刚在FB看朋友一直叫我加入他的派对
想说
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http://tiantianyuleshikongshouye.zpsxbx0l.com/mm62q/qiumibobo.html
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Bạn nên trang bị chiếc áo khoác nào khi du lịch ở những nơi có khí hậu khắc nghiệt? Đừng khiến bản thân hối tiếc vì không sở hữu ngay cho mình một trong những mẫu áo gió The North Face 2 lớp, trẻ trung, cực chất mà lại vô cùng ấm và sụ tiện lợi của chúng.
Chiếc áo gió The North Face 2 lớp là một vật dụng phổ biến trong đời sống mỗi người bởi dù bạn đi đâu, làm gì thì cũng phải mang trên mình chiếc áo khoác để che chắn, bảo vệ cơ thể khỏi nắng mưa, gió bụi. Tuy nhiên, để lựa chọn cho mình một chiếc áo phù hợp và tiện lợi buộc lòng người mua phải tìm hiểu những thông tin về hình dáng bên ngoài và chất lượng bên trong áo. Sở hữu được chiếc áo mà mình yêu thích thì khi đó bạn mới có thể tự tin xuống phố hoặc chuẩn bị cho một chuyến du lịch dài ngày.
Lớp lông vũ bên trong có khả năng giữ ấm ở nhiệt độ âm. Rất thích hợp cho những bạn thường xuyên đến nới lạnh
Nếu có cơ hội đi phượt xa, đặc biệt là những tour du lịch ngoài nước đến các vùng có khí hậu lạnh lẽo như Úc, Nhật Bản, Hàn Quốc hay Pháp,... thì bạn sẽ thấy được áo khoác cần thiết cho bản thân đến mức nào. Vì vậy, áo gió The North Face 2 Lớp được sản xuất dựa trên nhu cầu đó, đáp ứng các điều kiện cần thiết để bảo vệ sức khỏe của bạn một cách tối ưu nhất cho những chuyến du lịch xa.
Đối với những bạn đã từng có kinh nghiệm đi phượt, việc chọn lựa một chiếc áo khoác lí tưởng hoàn toàn không khó, còn đối với những bạn chưa có kinh nghiệm thì có thể tìm hiểu các thông tin về áo khoác gió trên mạng. Công nghệ ngày càng phát triển kéo theo sự ra đời của các trang quảng cáo, có những nguồn đáng tin cậy nhưng cũng có những nguồn không đáng tin.
Mang hình dáng bắt mắt với thiết kế tinh tế đa dạng về màu sắc. Mẫu áo gió The North Face 2 lớp còn được sử dụng nhiều trong các chuyến du lịch với vai trò là một chiếc áo đi tuyết, một chiếc áo ấm và thậm chí là một chiếc áo mưa. Với mặt ngoài áo là vải Gore-Tex không thấm nước sẽ giữ cho cơ thể bạn luôn khô ráo dù cơn mưa kéo dài đến đâu.
Chiếc áo là sự kết hợp hoàn hảo cho bạn, tạo nên sự phong cách
Không những vậy, lớp vải trong làm từ lông vũ tự nhiên chính là nguyên nhân giúp cơ thể bạn luôn được giữ ấm tuyệt đối dù nhiệt độ có xuống đến âm độ C. Hơn nữa, chiếc áo gió 2 lớp này còn có thêm một số tiện ích nhỏ khác, phần mũ áo có thể tự tách rời khỏi áo và kèm theo dây rút để chỉnh độ rộng mũ. Đặc biệt hơn, dây kéo được làm từ khóa YKK 2 chiều bảo đảm cho 10.000 lượt kéo và thêm phần cúc có gắn nam châm. Hai bên hông áo và trước ngực đều có túi để chứa các vật dụng quan trọng.
Điểm mạnh của chiếc áo này là giữ ấm tốt và chống thấm nước
Vì vậy làm thế nào để bạn tìm được một chiếc áo gió The North Face 2 lớp chất lượng và giữ ấm tốt. HaDee tự tin cung cấp cho bạn những sản phẩm chất lượng nhất, hữu ích nhất đến khách hàng và bạn hoàn toàn có thể an tâm chọn ngay cho mình một chiếc áo gió The North Face 2 lớp để trang bị cho chuyến du lịch sắp tới của bạn.
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- Áo Khoác Gió Nam Chống Nước - Công Nghệ Vải Gore-Tex
- HaDee - Lên Kệ Mẫu Áo Khoác Nam Columbia PFG Terminal Spray ™
- Tậu ngay chiếc áo khoác 2 lớp The North Face vì chúng quá tiện lợi.
- Những mẫu áo khoác The North Face mới nhất 2019-dành cho dân phượt, du lịch bởi tính năng quá hữu dụng.
- Top Mẫu Áo Khoác Được Săn Lùng Nhiều - Áo Khoác The North Face 2 Lớp
- Áo chống tuyết – Tính năng tuyệt vời dành cho bạn khi đi du lịch
- Không những là giữ ấm, chiếc áo khoác 3 lớp nữ còn là trợ thủ đắc lực mùa mưa
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<urn:uuid:079fff4a-f273-41c1-888d-cdaf06b2e4a0>
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https://www.hadee.vn/blogs/news/ban-nen-trang-bi-chiec-ao-gio-the-north-face-2-lop-khi-di-du-lich
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Different types of chromosomes on the basis of the position of centromere
Centromere: In each chromosome, in colored form of metaphase of mitosis and metaphase-2 of meiosis a colorless pan is seen called centromere. It is also called the primary constriction.
Classification of chromosomes according to the position of centromere:
The structure of chromosome in anaphase stage depends upon centromere.
The type of chromosome on the basis of the position of centromere is stated below:
(i) Metacentric: When centromere is present at the middle of the chromosome then the chromosome is called metacenric chromosome. It looks like the English letter “V”.
(ii) Sub-metacentrie: When the centromere is present slightly away from the middle. It is called the sub-metacentric chromosome, which looks like the English letter ‘L’.
(iii) Acrocentric: It is said to be an acrocentric chromosome, when centromere is present towards the end of the chromosome. It looks like the English letter ‘J’.
(iv) Telocentric: Here the centromere is strictly confined to the end of the chromosome. It looks like the English letter “I”.
(v) Acentric: Centromere is absent in this type or chromosome.
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https://qsstudy.com/discuss-chromosomes-basis-position-centromere/
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(Vothuat.vn) – Một người tự xưng là võ sư Kungfu với thân hình khá cao lớn thách thức tay đấm MMA gốc Việt – Nam Phan một trận đấu công khai.
Trước sự chứng kiến của nhiều người tại Nam Phan MMA Academy, võ sư Kungfu có thân hình cao lớn hơn hẳn Nam Phan và có vẻ trọng lượng cũng hơn cả 10kg. Vị võ sư này lại còn không đồng ý dùng găng thi đấu vì cho rằng nó sẽ làm đòn đánh của ông chậm lại.
Trận đấu được chia ra từng hiệp mỗi hiệp 3 phút, trước khi đấu cả hai đều phải ký giấy cam kết sẽ không kiện cáo nếu dính chấn thương.
Ngay hiệp đầu tiên, vị võ sư Kungfu này đã lần lướt Nam Phan bằng ưu thế thể trạng và cân nặng. Nhưng thực tế số đòn đấm trúng và gây nguy hiểm không nhiều. Chỉ có một chiến thuật duy nhất là lao vào “bơi sải”.
Do hiệp đầu dùng quá nhiều sức, nên ở đầu hiệp 2 có thể thấy rõ vị võ sư này không còn khả năng dồn đòn. Bất ngờ Nam Phan phản công và trả một cú móc khiến võ sư ngã gục trên sàn đấu. Mặc dù choáng váng nhưng võ sư Kungfu này vẫn không lùi bước và cố gắng đứng dậy tiếp tục thi đấu. Nam Phan cũng đồng ý tiếp tục đấu và dứt điểm bằng một cú móc trái. Cuối cùng trận đấu kết thúc tại đây.
Nam Phan tên đầy đủ là Phan Nhật Nam (thành tích 20 thắng-3 thua) từng thi đấu ở UFC và bị sa thải sau 3 thất bại liên tiếp, anh thi đấu được 8 trận cho UFC và từng vào đến bán kết giải tìm kiếm tài năng The Ultimate Fighte mùa thứ 12 trước khi thua Michael Johnson. Sau đó anh tới Nhật Bản thi đấu cho hai giải Grandslam MMA và Pancrase, hai lần thi đấu tại đây anh đều dành được chiến thắng một cách thuyết phục trước Kenichi Ito và Yuki Baba. Hiện anh đang có chuỗi 3 trận thua liên tiếp.
Video toàn cảnh buổi thách đấu
Quang Phượng
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紹介予定派遣での総務事務スタッフ募集です！
大人気！事務のお仕事。総務事務として先ずは基本的なことからマスターして頂き、6ヶ月後には正社員として
一人立ちして頂きたいと考えています。
|先ずは物品手配や管理業務など基本的なことからスタートして頂き、
業務に慣れて頂きましたら徐々に総務・人事・庶務などの業務を
担当して頂きます。
|高卒以上、要普通自動車免許（AT限定可）
●総務事務経験者は歓迎します！
●総務事務でなくても事務経験があればOK♪
●20代・30代のスタッフが多数活躍中！
|奈良県奈良市
★学園前より車で10分
|派遣期間中：時給1,000円
正社員登用時：月給190,000円～＋残業手当
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http://jinzainews.co.jp/result1.html?work2%5B%5D=9
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Tran V. A. (Thành viên của Nhóm Người Việt Vì Dân Tộc Việt)
Chào các bạn,
Một trong những biện pháp chống tham nhũng của quan chức ở các nước dân chủ như ở Mỹ là bầu cử định kỳ cho các chức vụ trong chính quyền liên bang, tiểu bang, và địa phương (quận, thành phố). Và những người đương nhiệm vẫn phải tái ứng cử để thuyết phục cử tri về sự hoạt động hiệu quả của họ, nghĩa là họ đã phục vụ cử tri tốt, không như những lời phê bình chỉ trích của các ứng viên đối thủ.
Đó chính là tinh thần của chế độ dân chủ mà một nước Việt Nam hậu cộng sản sẽ thực hiện.
Cuối tuần trước, tôi ghé nhà thăm một người bạn đồng hương và thấy trên kệ sách có Đặc San Tân Mão của Hội Đồng Hương Quảng Ngãi ở thành phố Houston, bang Texas, Hoa Kỳ gửi tặng. Tôi lướt qua đặc san và thấy có bài viết sau đây nói về cuộc bầu cử quốc hội Hoa Kỳ năm 2010. Mặc dầu năm 2012 mới bầu tổng thống Mỹ nhưng theo hệ thống “tam quyền phân lập và kiểm tra cân đối – 3-branch government with checks & balances” nên bầu cử bên ngành lập pháp cũng rất quan trọng ở Mỹ. Đặc biệt là ở Hạ Viện nơi mà theo luật tất cả những dự luật về thuế, thu nhập, chi tiêu phải xuất phát, thì đảng nào chiếm đa số sẽ có ảnh hưởng hêt sức lớn. Chỉ nhìn vào những tranh cãi về thuế và chi tiêu trong năm 2011 giữa TT Back Obama (hành pháp) và chủ tịch Hạ viện John Boener (lập pháp) là chúng ta thấy rõ điều này.
Để chúng ta có thêm hiểu biết về bối cảnh bầu cử tổng thống và quốc hội Mỹ năm 2012, tôi xin giới thiệu với các bạn bài viết trong đặc san đó. Chỉ có điều lấy làm tiếc là tác giả bài viết không đồng ý cho nêu tên và nơi làm việc, nên chúng tôi chỉ có thể ghi là “bài đóng góp” mà thôi. Chúng tôi sẽ tiếp tục liên lạc với tác giả để nếu có những bài tương tự trong kỳ bầu cử sôi động ở Hoa Kỳ sắp tới thì sẽ cho phép phổ biến. Vào ngày 3 tháng 1 năm 2012 tới đây bang Iowa sẽ mở màn cuộc chạy đua vào Bạch Cung năm 2012.
Tôi nghĩ những kinh nghiệm về bầu cử và tổ chức chính quyền ở Mỹ, Úc, Pháp, v.v. sẽ rất hữu ích cho việc chọn lựa thể chế chính trị ở một nước Việt Nam hậu cộng sản sau này.
Trần V.A.
————————-
Tường Trình từ Hoa Thịnh Đốn: Bầu Cử Hoa Kỳ Năm 2010
(Bài đóng góp)
Hôm thứ ba, 2 tháng 11, cử tri Hoa Kỳ đã bầu toàn thể 435 dân biểu Hạ Viện, 1/3 của tổng số 100 nghị sĩ Thượng Viện, một số thống đốc tiểu bang, và chính quyền địa phương trong một cuộc bầu cử giữa nhiệm kỳ (midterm, off-term) đầy sôi động vì năm nay có sự tham gia của đảng chống thuế mới nổi TEA (Taxes Enough Already) Party.
Kết quả bầu cử là trong Hạ Viện nhiệm kỳ thứ 112 đảng Cộng Hòa sẽ chiếm 239 ghế, đảng Dân Chủ 186 ghế, và sẽ do đảng Cộng Hòa nắm quyền: Dân Biểu John Boehner, (CH, Quận 8, tiểu bang Ohio) sẽ là Chủ Tịch Hạ Viện (Speaker of the House) thay thế Bà Nancy Pelosi, (DC, Quận 8, California.) Đảng nắm quyền sẽ quyết định nghị trình lập pháp, khởi động những điều tra từ những ủy ban, và buộc các công chức hành pháp ra điều trần về những chương trình, dự án cần được giám sát.
Về phía Thượng Viện thì đến hôm nay, 4/11, đảng Dân Chủ vẫn còn nắm quyền nhưng chỉ với đa số 52 ghế, đảng Cộng Hòa đã thắng thêm 6 ghế thành 47, còn ghế nghị sĩ ở tiểu bang Alaska vẫn còn đang được kiểm trong đó ứng cử viên độc lập (phải điền tên) Lisa Murkowski hiện đang dẫn đầu. (Trước đây bà thuộc đảng Cộng Hòa; vì thua phiếu đại diện của đảng chống thuế TEA Party trong kỳ bầu cử sơ bộ nên quyết định ứng cử tự do nhưng cử tri phải viết tên vào phiếu bầu!)
Trong hai năm qua, đảng Dân Chủ có đa số “tuyết đối” trong Thượng Viện với 60 ghế. Đây là trường hợp hy hữu vì hiếm khi một đảng có 60 ghế trong thượng viện nơi các nghị sĩ có những đặc quyền mà dân biểu không có. Ví dụ, nếu một nghị sĩ muốn ngăn chặn một dự luật nào đó khỏi thành luật thì có thể “giữ” (hold) đạo luật đó lại, không cho đem ra thảo luận và biểu quyết mà không ai có thể làm gì được; trong trường hợp đó, hành pháp và lãnh đạo hai đảng trong thượng viện sẽ thương thảo với vị nghị sĩ đó và qua nhân nhượng, thuyết phục nghị sĩ đó chấm dứt việc cầm giữ dự luật. Một nghị sĩ cũng có thể “giữ – ngâm tôm” một ứng viên được hành pháp đề cử nhưng phải được thượng viện chấp thuận. Một đặc quyền khác của nghị sĩ là “filibuster.” Đó là quyền nói dai, nói “không thời hạn” trong khi thảo luận một dự luật mà không bị ngăn chặn, trừ khi có 60 nghị sĩ bỏ phiếu đồng ý chấm dứt thảo luận dự luật. Tuy rằng đảng Dân Chủ có 60 ghế nhưng không phải lúc nào cũng đồng ý ngăn chặn không cho “vị đồng nghiệp” kia nói, một phần vì lịch sự (decorum, civility), phần khác vì nghĩ một lúc nào đó mình cũng sẽ cần đặc quyền đó. Do đó, thiểu số trong thượng viện Hoa Kỳ có rất nhiều quyền và không phải tuyệt đối phục tùng đa số như người ta thường nghĩ.
Ngoài những thắng lợi trong quốc hội, đảng Cộng Hòa cũng thắng thêm 10 ghế thống đốc ở các tiểu bang Hawaii, Iowa, Kansas, Main, Michigan, New Mexico, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pensylvania, và Rhode Island. Điều này quan trọng vì trong hai năm tới, các thống đốc tiểu bang có quyền vẽ lại các khu vực bầu cử (gerrymandering) và sẽ có ảnh hưởng rất lớn trong cuộc bầu cử tổng thống Hoa Kỳ năm 2012.
Cuộc bầu cử năm nay sôi động hẳn vì có sự tham dự của đảng chống thuế TEA Party, có thể nói là phe cực hữu của đảng Cộng Hòa. Trên toàn quốc có 30 ứng cử viên của TEA Party đắc cử vào Quốc Hội, trong đó nối danh nhất là ông Rand Paul (con của dân biểu Ron Paul, Texas, cựu ứng cử viên tổng thống năm 2008) đắc cử thượng nghị sĩ tiểu bang Kentucky. Ông sẽ họp chung (caucus) với đảng Cộng Hòa trong nhiệm kỳ tới.
Trong kỳ bầu cử này có hai ứng cử viên Mỹ gốc Việt, dân biểu đương nhiệm Cao Quang Ánh (CH, Quận 2, Louisiana) tái tranh cử và thua ứng cử viên DC Cedric Richmond (65/33%) và ứng cử viên Trần Thái Văn, CH, dân biểu tiểu bang California, tranh ghế dân biểu Quận 47 và thua người đương nhiệm là Bà Loretta Sanchez (51/42%)! Có lẽ rồi đây sẽ có những phân tích về tiến trình tranh cử và kết quả bầu cử để rút ra bài học thích hợp cho những kết cuộc tốt hơn trong tương lai, nhưng phải nói là các ứng cử viên gốc Việt đã thua đậm đối thủ trong kỳ bầu cử này.
Như các nhà bình luận thời cuộc dự đoán, Đảng Cộng Hòa đã thắng đủ số 39 ghế để lấy lại đa số trong Hạ Viện, nhưng ít ai tiên đoán đúng số 60 ghế mà họ thắng được từ đảng Dân Chủ. So với năm 1994 khi đảng Cộng Hòa cũng chiếm đa số ở Hạ Viện trong cuộc bầu cử giữa nhiệm kỳ đầu tiên của cựu Tổng Thống Bill Clinton, số ghế dành được cũng chỉ 52. Và tuy rằng trong 75 năm qua, đảng của tổng thống Mỹ chỉ hai lần không mất ghế trong Quốc Hội trong bầu cử giữa kỳ nhưng lần này được ví như một cơn sóng thần từ nỗi bất bình của cử tri đối với cách quản trị quốc gia của chính quyền đương nhiệm, nhất là khi đảng Dân Chủ nắm cả hành pháp và lập pháp sau khi Ông Barack Obama trở thành vị tổng thống thứ 44 vào ngày 20 tháng 1 năm 2009.
Có ý kiến cho rằng đảng Cộng Hòa chỉ may mắn lần này vì nền kinh tế chưa cải thiện đúng lúc, nhưng thực ra những lãnh đạo đảng Cộng Hòa đã rút nhiều bài học trong hai kỳ bầu cử 2006 và 2008 và đề ra kế hoạch “trở thành đa số” ngay khi Ông Obama nhậm chức tổng thống. Lúc đó tại Quốc Hội Hoa Kỳ có nhiều cuộc họp thâu đêm của các lãnh đạo đảng CH, họxem xét, cân nhắc tại sao những khu cử tri từ lâu ủng hộ đảng CH mà lại bầu cho đảng DC. Họ tổng kết những trường hợp ứng cử viên CH thua DC rất sít sao, rồi từ đó họ lập ra một kế hoạch tuyển mộ những ứng cử viên thích hợp, huấn luyện và chuẩn bị để tranh cử lấy lại những ghế CH truyền thống và gặt hái thêm những địa hạt có cơ hội. Tổng cộng, lúc đó, họ cho rằng có 83 ghế có thể cạnh tranh hiệu quả với đảng DC.
Và vừa rồi đảng CH đã thắng 60 ghế, dành lại đa số, và quyền lực, trong Hạ Viện.
Một câu hỏi được đặt ra là tại sao cử tri Hoa Kỳ lại thay đổi thái độ quá nhanh khi chỉ hai năm trước, 2008, đã tạo lịch sử qua việc bầu một tổng thống da màu là Ông Barack Obama, và củng cố thêm đa số trong thượng viện và hạ viện cho đảng Dân Chủ, thì nay lại trừng phạt đảng Dân Chủ bằng cách dồn phiếu cho đảng Cộng Hòa?
Theo thiển ý thì mọi cuộc bầu cử tại Hoa Kỳ đều dựa trên hai yếu tố: hòa bình và thịnh vượng tức quốc phòng và kinh tế của quốc gia tại thời điểm đó. Trong tình hình cuộc chiến ở Iraq đã kết thúc và chiến tranh chống khủng bố ở Afghanistan tiến triển theo kế hoạch của Tổng Thống Obama, sự quan tâm về hòa bình không quan trọng bằng vấn đề kinh tế, với những mối lo cụ thể đến công ăn việc làm, nhà cửa, thường được gọi chung là những vấn đề liên quan đến túi tiền (pocketbook issues). Có thể nói vấn đề kinh tế thường được cử tri Mỹ coi trọng qua câu hỏi mà cố Tổng Thống Reagan đã khởi xướng, “Are you better off today than you were several years ago? Bạn có khấm khá hơn cách đây mấy năm không?” Ngụ ý là nếu không thì cần phải thay đổi thành phần lãnh đạo. Chúng ta chắc còn nhớ cựu Tổng Thống George Herbert Walker Bush (Bush cha) khi vừa thắng chiến tranh Vùng Vịnh I năm 1990, giải phóng Kuwait khỏi sự chiếm đóng của Iraq dưới thời Sadam Hussein, có sự ủng hộ của dân Mỹ gần 90% nhưng chỉ hai năm sau ông bị thất cử vì tình hình kinh tế xấu đi nhiều và cựu TổngThống Bill Clinton đã khéo léo khai thác để trở thành vị tổng thống thứ 42 của nước Mỹ.
Năm nay, 2010, tình hình kinh tế Mỹ lại không tiến triển tốt đẹp sau hai năm Ông Obama cầm quyền với những chính sách kích cầu kinh tế, cứu vớt các công sản xuất xe, hổ trợ vốn cho các ngân hàng, v.v. trong khi dân thường lại không được giúp đỡ gì đáng kể. Trong khi đó lại thường có tin các ngân hàng thưởng công lãnh đạo hàng chục triệu, các ngân hàng đầu tư vẫn lời to, đã làm dân chúng dần dần sinh ra chống đối các chính sách của chính quyền Obama. Hơn nữa, trong năm 2010 lại có đạo luật cải tổ sức khỏe dự trù sẽ làm thâm thủng ngân sách, vốn đã gần 1500 tỷ đô trong năm 2009 và 1300 tỷ đô trong năm 2010, càng gia tăng hơn nữa khi tất cả các điều khoản có hiệu lưc. Do đó người dân Mỹ càng thêm bất mãn, và khi bị đảng Cộng Hòa khai thác trong mọi cơ hội, uy tín của đảng Dân Chủ đã xuống rất thấp!
Trong giai đoạn tranh cử, đảng Dân Chủ có lúc cứ biện minh rằng họ phải lãnh một gánh quá nặng do chính quyền cựu Tổng Thống George Walker Bush (Bush con) để lại! Nhưng cử tri Mỹ hình như không chấp nhận lối biện hộ này và cho rằng “cờ đến tay phải phất có hiệu quả” và sau hai năm nắm quyền cả hành pháp và lập pháp mà không mang lại kết quả khả quan thì cần thay đổi đường lối.
Một yếu tố khác là có một sự tự phụ, kiêu hãnh (hubris) ở chính quyền Obama, mà cũng là thái độ thường thấy khi có sự thay đổi quyền lực chính trị ở Washington D.C. Đó là người lãnh đạo mới cho rằng mình được nhân dân “ủy thác” (mandate) một sứ mệnh phải thay đổi triệt để hiện tình đất nước, để rồi sinh ra ôm đồm, khuấy động rất nhiều lãnh vực mà chưa chắc đã đạt được kết quả. Nếu chính quyền Obama chú tâm giải quyết vấn đề kinh tế, không gây thâm thủng ngân sách trầm trọng, và cải thiện tình trạng công ăn việc làm, giảm thất nghiệp trong hai năm đầu, thì kết quả bầu cử hôm 2 tháng 11 chắc hẳn đã khác. Và sau khi đạt được một số thành quả ban đầu, nội các Ông Obama có thể dễ dàng nhắm đến cải tổ chương trình bảo hiểm sức khỏe và quản trị hệ thống tài chính, kinh doanh chứng khoán mà không bị chống đối nhiều như vừa qua. Đây là hiện tượng tham vọng quá lớn trong tiếng Anh gọi là “power overreach” hay “biting off more than you can chew.”
Một câu hỏi khác là với sự thay đổi cơ cấu quyền lực ở Quốc Hội Hoa Kỳ như thế, sẽ có những thay đổi gì về đường lối đối ngoại hay đối nội của Hoa Kỳ?
Về ngoại giao thì Bạch Cung và Bộ Ngoại Giao vẫn tiếp tục công tác ngoại giao hằng ngày và vì thượng viện vẫn do đảng Dân Chủ nắm quyền nên sẽ không có gì thay đổi về chính sách. Tuy nhiên, trong Úy Ban Ngoại Giao ở Hạ Viện, đảng CH sẽ điều khiển nghị trình nên nữ Dân Biểu CH Ileana Roh-Lehtinen sẽ trở thành chủ tịch. Bà là người gốc Cuba và có lập trường chống Cộng mãnh liệt, không khoan nhượng. Chắc chắn sẽ có những phát biểu, điều trần từ Hạ Viện Hoa Kỳ về vấn đề nhân quyền, tự do tôn giáo, tự do thông tin hơn hiện nay. Một Dân Biểu CH khác trong ủy ban cũng ủng hộ những vận động nhân quyền, tự do là Ông Christopher Smith của New Jersey. Tuy vậy, những dự luật mà Hạ Viện đưa ra đều có thể bị ngăn chặn bởi các thượng nghị sĩ Dân Chủ hay nếu cần thì bị Tổng Thống Obama phủ quyết.
Hơn nữa, đảng Cộng Hòa thường được xem là đảng cổ vũ cho kinh doanh, mậu dịch nên phát triển kinh tế, giảm thất nghiệp sẽ là trọng tâm trong hai năm tới trong Hạ Viện. Về ngân sách đối nội, sẽ có cắt giảm ngân sách chính phủ liên bang vì tình trạng thâm thủng, nợ nần cần được cải thiến, nhưng không thể thực hiện được chỉ trong vài năm mà cần một thời gian dài. Vả lại, nếu kinh tế phát triển thì áp lực về nợ nần cũng sẽ giảm đi vì tùy thuộc về “khả năng chi trả” mà hiện nay thì nền kinh tế Mỹ vẫn còn năng động và lớn nhất trên thế giới.
Có nhiều bình luận gia cho rằng kỳ bầu cử này thể hiện sự bất mãn của dân chúng Hoa Kỳ đối với các chính sách của chính quyền Obama hiện tại hơn là ủng hộ đường lối của đảng Cộng Hòa. Đảng Cộng Hòa cũng cần biết là họ sẽ phải chứng tỏ khả năng mang lại hiệu quả của các chính sách; nếu không chỉ hai năm nữa là dân chúng Hoa Kỳ sẽ lại có cơ hội để đánh giá họ có đáng để được tiếp tục tín nhiệm hay không.
Nói tóm lại, thông điệp của cử tri Mỹ trong kỳ bầu cử này là rất rõ ràng: Quyền lực đi đôi với trách nhiệm và sự tín nhiệm được đánh giá chỉ qua kết quả, không qua hứa hẹn.
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Politique de service à la clientèle accessible
Fournir des produits et services aux personnes ayant une limitation fonctionnelle
Qui est Padinox Inc.?
Padinox Inc. est une filiale en propriété exclusive de la Société Canadian Tire Limitée (ci-après « Paderno »).
Notre engagement
Nous nous engageons à éliminer les obstacles et à améliorer l'accessibilité pour les personnes ayant une limitation fonctionnelle, ainsi qu'à fournir des produits et des services de façon à respecter la dignité et l'indépendance de ces dernières. Les personnes ayant une limitation fonctionnelle profiteront du même accès et des mêmes avantages relativement à nos produits et services, au même endroit et de la même façon que les autres clients.
Communication
Au moment de communiquer avec une personne ayant une limitation fonctionnelle, nous le ferons d’une façon qui tient compte de sa limitation fonctionnelle.
Nous formerons les employés qui communiquent avec les clients sur la façon d’interagir et de communiquer avec les personnes ayant divers types de limitations fonctionnelles.
Services téléphoniques
Nous nous engageons à offrir à nos clients des services téléphoniques entièrement accessibles. Nous allons former nos employés sur la manière de communiquer avec les clients par téléphone de façon claire et facile à comprendre.
Dispositifs d’assistance
Nous nous engageons à servir les personnes ayant une limitation fonctionnelle qui utilisent des dispositifs d’assistance pour obtenir, utiliser ou profiter d'un de nos produits et services. Nous nous assurerons que nos employés sont formés et connaissent les divers dispositifs d’assistance pouvant être utilisés par des clients ayant une limitation fonctionnelle lorsqu’ils accèdent à nos produits et services.
Nous nous assurerons également que nos employés savent comment utiliser les dispositifs d’assistance mis à la disposition des clients à divers endroits.
Animaux d'assistance
Nous accueillons les personnes ayant une limitation fonctionnelle qui sont accompagnées par des animaux d'assistance. Les animaux d'assistance sont admis dans les aires publiques de nos installations.
Si la présence d'un animal d'assistance n'est pas permise dans certaines aires de nos installations en vertu d'une loi, nous prendrons des mesures pour permettre à la personne d'obtenir, d'utiliser ou de profiter d'un de nos produits ou services.
Nous nous assurerons que tous les employés sont bien formés sur la manière d’interagir avec les personnes ayant une limitation fonctionnelle et qui sont accompagnées par un animal d’assistance.
Accompagnateurs
Toute personne ayant une limitation fonctionnelle qui est accompagnée par une personne de confiance pourra accéder à nos installations en compagnie de cette dernière. En aucun cas une personne ayant une limitation fonctionnelle accompagnée d'une personne de confiance se fera refuser la présence de cette personne de confiance lors de sa visite dans nos installations.
Avis d'interruption de service temporaire
Nous aviserons les clients en cas d’interruption planifiée ou imprévue dans les installations, du site Web ou des services téléphoniques habituellement utilisés par les personnes ayant une limitation fonctionnelle. Cet avis inclura des renseignements à propos de la raison de l'interruption, sa durée prévue et une description des installations ou services de rechange, le cas échéant.
L’avis sera publié sur le site Web de Paderno et placé à tous les points d’entrée des clients ainsi qu’à l’endroit de l’interruption. Un message d’interruption téléphonique standard sera diffusé pour aviser les clients d’une interruption des services téléphoniques ou du site Web. Cet avis peut être fourni dans des formats accessibles, au besoin.
Formation
Nous offrirons de la formation à tous les employés, bénévoles et autres personnes qui sont en contact avec le public ou d’autres tiers au nom de Paderno, ainsi qu’à toutes les personnes qui prennent part à l’élaboration et à l’approbation des politiques, des pratiques et des procédures relatives au service à la clientèle.
La formation doit être terminée au cours du processus d’orientation de l’employé.
La formation comprendra :
Les rapports formation seront conservés et comprendront les dates où la formation a été suivie ainsi que le nombre d’employés qui l’ont reçue et leurs noms.
Processus de rétroaction
L’objectif de Paderno est d’atteindre et de surpasser les attentes des clients en offrant nos services aux clients ayant une limitation fonctionnelle. Les commentaires relatifs à la manière dont nous répondons à ces attentes dans le cadre de nos services sont les bienvenus et appréciés.
Vous pouvez nous faire part de vos commentaires sur la façon dont nous fournissons des produits et services aux personnes ayant une limitation fonctionnelle en remplissant le formulaire de rétroaction sur l’accessibilité et en le retournant à [email protected], ou en communiquant directement avec un représentant du service à la clientèle au 1 800 263-9768. Tous les commentaires seront acheminés aux parties concernées aux fins d’examen. Nous ferons tous les efforts raisonnables pour répondre rapidement aux préoccupations et aux plaintes.
Cliquez ici pour obtenir une copie du formulaire de rétroaction sur l’accessibilité.
Disponibilité des documents relatifs au service à la clientèle accessible
Nous fournirons, sur demande, de la documentation dans un autre format à toute personne qui en fera la demande. Les demandes de documents relatifs au service à la clientèle accessible doivent être adressées au Service à la clientèle en écrivant à l’adresse [email protected] ou en appelant au 1 800 263-9768. Si une personne ayant une limitation fonctionnelle en fait la demande, nous lui fournirons la politique, ou les renseignements qu’elle contient, dans un format qui tient compte de sa limitation fonctionnelle.
Portée
Cette politique s’applique à la prestation de produits et services offerts par Paderno et répond aux exigences de la norme de service à la clientèle. En raison de notre engagement envers les principes du service à la clientèle accessible, nous déploierons tous les efforts pour appliquer ces principes du service à la clientèle accessible dans le cadre de notre prestation de produits et services dans d’autres territoires canadiens.
Modifications apportées à cette politique ou à d’autres
Nous nous engageons à élaborer des politiques de service à la clientèle qui respectent et préservent la dignité et l’indépendance des personnes ayant une limitation fonctionnelle. Par conséquent, aucun changement ne sera apporté à cette politique avant d'en avoir examiné les répercussions sur les personnes ayant une limitation fonctionnelle.
Toute politique qui ne respecte pas et ne préserve pas la dignité et l’indépendance des personnes ayant une limitation fonctionnelle sera modifiée ou supprimée.
Questions sur cette politique
Cette politique a pour but de favoriser l’excellence du service à la clientèle pour les clients ayant une limitation fonctionnelle. Si vous avez une question concernant la politique ou si vous ne comprenez pas l’objectif de la politique, veuillez vous adresser au directeur de magasin ou au superviseur en devoir, qui s’occupera de transmettre votre question ou votre préoccupation aux bonnes ressources.
* Certaines entreprises au sein de la famille Canadian Tire peuvent avoir mis en place leur propre politique de service à la clientèle accessible pour le commerce de détail. En cas de conflit entre une politique de service à la clientèle accessible pour le commerce de détail et la politique de service à la clientèle accessible de La Société Canadian Tire Limitée, celle qui offre la meilleure accessibilité à nos clients prévaudra.
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Edutaining Children With Rubber Stamps
‘Edutaining’ is one of those wonderful Americanisms where two words collide together to create something new. In this instance edutaining is a mix of education and entertainment.
All good teachers know that if you can entertain children while you’re teaching them, you’ll have far more success in educating them. This applies to all ages, but can be particularly successful with younger children.
Motivation and reward with rubber stamps
Many of our customers are schools and the teachers who work there. They find that our range of ‘motivational’ stamps can be a handy tool to bring ‘fun’ into the classroom. Teenagers might not find it appropriate to have their homework returned with a smiley face stamp on, but for smaller children at primary school it can be ideal. Motivational rubber stamps can also be used to encourage good behaviour or as a reward.
The traditional ‘gold star’ is a stamp that’s been used through the ages to recognise excellent work and motivate children to carry on with a certain type of behaviour.
Getting creative with rubber stamps
Encouraging creativity in children is an excellent way to keep them entertained and educated. Here, art and craft rubber stamps can be used on art projects, designs for the classrooms or just piece of individual art that children can take away with them.
They’re mostly mess-free and easy to use. Plus the range of stamps on offer mean children can really get stuck in with making art of their own, even if they aren’t able to draw or paint just yet!
There are plenty of excellent uses for rubber stamps in the classroom. We’ve given you a few, but can you recommend any more? We love to get feedback from stamp enthusiasts, teachers and customers alike. With your help, we can make your life even easier and children’s education even more fun!
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When Timothy Nuvangyaoma, chairman of the Hopi Tribe, heard there were two coronavirus vaccines that both showed promising data of more than 90 percent efficacy, he felt initial relief that soon transitioned to cautious skepticism.
That’s because the logistic and cultural challenges of delivering a Covid-19 vaccine with precise temperature requirements and two-dose administration to members of the Hopi Tribe are vast: Hopi often live in remote locations and only one-third of the population has reliable means of transportation, according to officials with knowledge of vaccine distribution planning. Hopi lands span more than 1.5 million acres and encompass parts of both Coconino and Navajo counties in northeastern Arizona.
Power supply is always a concern, brownouts are common, and generators are a luxury. The Hopi Health Care Center has to outsource much of its care.
Meanwhile, the Pfizer vaccine requires transportation at minus 94 degrees Fahrenheit and must be ordered in units with a minimum of 1,000 doses. And while this week’s preliminary results from biotech company Moderna Inc. showed encouraging data that its candidate was 94.5 percent effective, that vaccine still requires long-term storage at sub-zero freezer temperatures, short-term storage in a refrigerator and a two-dose administration separated by multiple weeks.
Other options progressing through the pipeline aren’t as finicky; one of the Johnson & Johnson candidates, for example, has a one-dose regimen and is expected to remain stable at basic refrigerator temperatures for longer periods of time.
Added to the logistical challenges is the broader, long-simmering cultural mistrust of vaccines and clinical trials felt by tribal communities as a result of historical trauma, making their skepticism about the safety of vaccines more pronounced.
“There’s always that reluctance as a Native American,” Nuvangyaoma said. “I have to make sure that it’s going to be able to help. And I don’t want to get people’s hopes up.”
For Nuvangyaoma and leaders across other tribal nations, Covid-19 has been an extraordinary crisis.
The pandemic has highlighted long-standing structural inequities and health disparities for American Indians and Alaska Natives, many of which are rooted in the federal government’s chronic underfunding of tribal and urban health care systems, despite legal and treaty obligations to do so. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Covid-19 infection rate is 3.5 times higher for American Indians and Alaska Natives, who are also more likely to suffer hospitalization or mortality than non-Hispanic whites.
The collapse of tribal economies due to the virus, as well as problems and regulations around the distribution of emergency federal funds, stalled any potential recovery even more.
Amid America’s mismanaged response to the pandemic, few communities have borne the brunt quite like smaller tribal nations. For the Hopi, a people who have maintained a connectivity to their traditional ways of life and identity, the loss of even one member is amplified.
The virus “has taken elders who should have been able to pass this down to the younger generation,” Nuvangyaoma said of the tribe’s cultures and traditions. “It's taken the younger generation who should be the ones that are picking up where we're leaving off, to continue with our story.”
‘It's a Gamble at This Point’
Throughout the pandemic, tribal leaders have faced rushed processes and deadlines to make consequential decisions involving vaccine readiness, such as whether to receive vaccine allocations through the state or the Indian Health Service. Some Urban Indian health clinics were told one day before the presidential election that they needed to make the choice by the end of that week.
Tribal leaders are making “life and death decisions within their tribal communities on the reservations and villages right now . . . so they may not always have the time to respond in a week,” said Abigail Echo-Hawk, a citizen of the Pawnee Nation of Oklahoma, director of the Urban Indian Health Institute and chief research officer for the Seattle Indian Health Board.
Meredith Raimondi, the director of communications at the National Council of Urban Indian Health, said the consequences could be dire: “A big concern is that you make the wrong decision, and you choose the state, or you choose IHS and then one of those doesn't go according to plan and you have no vaccines. I mean, it's a gamble at this point.”
The Hopi Tribe opted to receive allocations through the Indian Health Service, the federally funded health care system responsible for providing services to approximately 2.6 million American Indians and Alaska Natives. According to officials involved in the logistics planning, the Hopi Tribe is preparing for a direct-shipment scenario from the manufacturer or a “hub and spoke” strategy using ultracold storage in a central location like Phoenix as a distribution hub.
Supply chain experts like Julie Swann, a professor at North Carolina State University who previously advised the CDC during the 2009 H1N1 pandemic, are greatly worried about the logistics involved in cold-chain management of the vaccine for these communities.
“Pfizer kind of acts like that's going to solve the problem and to some extent, the federal government acts like that, as well,” Swann said of the company’s direct delivery approach that ships vaccines in specialized containers packed with dry ice.
While Pfizer’s strategy would work for a mass vaccination clinic, she explained, it would not be as effective for a health care provider trying to allocate small amounts of vaccine to multiple people over time.
“I think the changes in the Moderna vaccine make it much easier to give that one in rural or sparsely populated areas,” Swann said.
Moderna’s vaccine can remain stable at standard refrigerator temperatures of 36 to 46 degrees Fahrenheit for up to 30 days once thawed.
The Hopi Tribe anticipates hiring additional staff who will work extended hours to facilitate higher volume administration within the tight time frames. Getting patients to an administration site will also be a challenge for tribes in more remote areas.
“We live on the reservations where people do not have street addresses, so finding the people who are going to be classified as Phase 1 is going to be very troubling,” said a CDC official who has worked with Western tribes, but who did not have authorization to speak publicly.
“We have to really double and triple down on our logistics to make sure that we are able to hit very tight time windows,” the official said. “That's where the difficulty lies.”
Historical Traumas Fuel Distrust
Logistical hurdles are only intensified by past research abuse and negligence, such as when blood samples from members of the Havasupai Tribe that were given to researchers for studies on diabetes were stored and later distributed for unrelated studies. In addition, racial inequities have caused misclassification and gross underreporting of data for Native Americans.
“These memories, including the Havasupai case, and others of historical research harms are ones that are stories that are told in Native communities,” said Echo-Hawk, who also served on the committee that advised federal agencies on Covid-19 vaccine allocation.
“It has made our communities very hesitant to participate in any kind of clinical trials or research,” she said.
On the nearby Navajo Nation, where the coronavirus is currently considered to be in uncontrolled spread in 34 communities, President Jonathan Nez warned vaccine hesitancy in the U.S. is spreading and has contributed to some of his most vulnerable citizens choosing not to get the flu vaccine.
“We all know that the flu and Covid-19, if caught together, is deadly,” Nez said in an interview. “A lot of our elders have received the flu vaccine every year, but because of this hysteria that is happening off the nation that is coming onto the nation . . . our elders are beginning to question, ‘Hey, what’s going on here?’”
There is also a lack of culturally appropriate communications from drug manufacturers that have struggled to maintain widespread Indigenous representation in trials.
In October, the Lummi Nation in Washington state announced its withdrawal from the AstraZeneca trial after Lummi doctors cited “ongoing communications challenges with AstraZeneca representatives as a primary factor.” Lawrence Solomon, chairman of the Lummi Nation, said in a statement that the AstraZeneca trial “was not a good fit” for the tribe, which later submitted an application to participate in biotechnology company Novavax’s trials.
The Hopi Nation, which is landlocked by the Navajo Nation, notably decided not to join the Pfizer trials taking place on the latter. According to a breakdown of participant diversity on Pfizer’s website, 1 percent of the participants enrolled in U.S. trials are Native American. There are currently about 125 volunteers enrolled in Pfizer’s trials on the Navajo Nation, 75 percent of whom are Native Americans, according to Dr. Laura Hammitt, director of infectious disease prevention with Johns Hopkins University’s Center for American Indian Health, who oversees the trials.
In slides released by Moderna, the company detailed interim data of enrolled trial participants, categorizing them as white, Hispanic/Latino, Black/African American, Asian and Other.
“I respect everybody's freedom to make their own choices,” Nuvangyaoma said of the Navajo Nation’s decision to participate. “We already have the coronavirus here and I’m not going to subject my community members to be used as test models for something unless it’s safe.”
Despite his concerns, he is still hopeful.
“We've been dealing with this all our lives. We've had issues with sicknesses, pandemics, plagues come across our lands. We’re fighters and we’re resilient people, and it’s no different for us out here on Hopi,” Nuvangyaoma said. “We come together in times like this. And we’ll come out of this, also.”
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https://pulitzercenter.org/stories/practical-hurdles-cultural-distrust-native-communities-could-hamper-vaccine-distribution
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https://www.tokusensozai.com/products/asahi-ichinojoasahi/
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HOME >代々木上原、口コミ代々木上原、口コミ ゴールドジム代々木上原店の口コミ｜東京のおすすめダイエットジム東京都内のゴールドジムの紹介です。全国で一大勢になったゴールでおジムですが、本格的なジムですので、ちょっと二の足を踏んでいる人も多いかも、でもお店ごとに特徴あっていろいろ行くとおもしろいですよ。
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https://www.samadhi-studio.jp/tag/%E4%BB%A3%E3%80%85%E6%9C%A8%E4%B8%8A%E5%8E%9F%E3%80%81%E5%8F%A3%E3%82%B3%E3%83%9F
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Khi đi khám thai hoặc tiêm phòng uốn ván ở khoảng tuần 24, thông thường các mẹ sẽ được đo lượng đường trong máu để kiểm tra xem có bị tiểu đường thai kỳ không? Vậy tiểu đường thai kỳ là gì? Tiểu đường thai kỳ có nguy hiểm không? Tiểu đường thai kỳ có ảnh hưởng tới con không? Đây là những câu hỏi rất nhiều mẹ thắc mắc khi tỉ lệ đường trong máu cao.
Tiểu đường thai kỳ là gì?
Khi ăn, hệ tiêu hóa sẽ chuyển hóa chất bột đường trong thức ăn thành một loại đường đơn, gọi là glucose. Glucose sẽ di chuyển vào trong máu. Lúc này tuyến tụy sẽ tiết ra insulin để đưa glucose ra khỏi máu đi vào các tế bào trong cơ thể, cung cấp năng lượng cho cơ thể bạn.
Khi mang thai, cơ thể sản sinh ra một số hormone, các hormone này có thể ảnh hưởng tới quá trình sản sinh ra insulin. Do đó, cơ thể không đủ insulin để chuyển hóa glucose trong máu đi nuôi cơ thế, nó sẽ tồn tại trong máu gây ra tỉ lệ đường trong máu cao hay còn gọi là tiểu đường thai kỳ.
Làm sao đê biết bạn có bị tiểu đường thai kỳ không?
Như đã nói ở trên, khoảng tuần 24 -28, khi đi tiêm phòng uốn ván các mẹ sẽ được kiểm tra lượng đường trong máu. Thai phụ được coi là bị tiểu đường thai kỳ nếu có tỉ lệ đường huyết :
- Đo vào lúc đói >= 126mg/dl (7,0 mmol/l)
- Đo vào lúc bất kỳ >= 200mg/dl (11 mmol/l)
Tiểu đường thai kỳ có nguy hiểm không, có ảnh hưởng tới thai nhi không?
Tác hại của tiểu đường thai kỳ như sau:
- Thai nhi bị béo phì, to hơn mức bình thường: theo các nghiên cứu, các em bé bị tiểu đường thai kỳ có chỉ số chiều cao, cân nặng lớn hơn gấp 2 -3 lần so với các em bé bình thường.
- Khó sinh: Khi mẹ bị tiểu đường thai kỳ, glucose trong máu của mẹ sẽ chuyển sang máu con làm cơ thể con phải sản xuất ra số lượng insulin nhiều hơn bình thường. Điều đó sẽ làm thân trên của bé phát triển nhanh hơn bình thường dẫn tới vai rộng, gây khó sinh.
- Hạ đường huyết: sau khi sinh, tuyến tụy của bé vẫn tiếp tục sản sinh insulin để chuyển hóa lượng glucose có trong máu khi còn trong bào thai. Do đó, lượng đường trong máu của bé sẽ xuống rất thấp gây tình trạng hạ đường huyết. Nếu không được phát hiện kịp thời sẽ gây ra co giật, dẫn đến hôn mê, tổn thương não bộ. Ngay sau khi sinh, nên cho em bé bú ngay lập tức để cung cấp glucose cho bé.
- Suy hô hấp: những em bé có mẹ bị tiểu đường thai kỳ thường bị các bệnh về hô hấp, nặng hơn phải thở bằng bình oxy do ảnh hưởng tới phổi
- Bị vàng da: da của bé sẽ chuyển sang màu vàng và tròng trắng của mắt có thể đổi màu.
Rất nhiều thai phụ bị tiểu đường thai kỳ vẫn có một thai kỳ khỏe mạnh nếu biết chú ý đến khẩu phần ăn uống và thói quen sinh hoạt hằng ngày. Nếu mẹ thấy tỉ lệ đường trong máu cao, nên hạn chế ăn đồ ngọt, hạn chế tinh bột. Không tự ý điều trị tiểu đường thai kỳ, cần có sự hướng dẫn của bác sỹ.
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http://dauchancon.com/tieu-duong-thai-ky/
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Ce post ne parle pas de cuisine mais d’un sujet qui me tient particulièrement à cœur. Je ne vais pas parler de la guerre, qui est un évènement géopolitique et humain terrible, mais d’une autre actualité tout aussi brûlante. Le climat, et ses conséquences pour nous et la vie sur Terre si nous ne réagissons pas.
Le GIEC, c’est quoi ?
Le GIEC est un organisme de l’ONU qui regroupent des scientifiques de plusieurs pays qui évaluent les connaissances scientifiques actuelles autour du réchauffement climatique. La partie 1 de leur 6e rapport est sortie en août 2021. Elle confirmait que l’homme est responsable du réchauffement climatique.
Plus d’information sur le GIEC et son fonctionnement sur le site du BonPote.
La partie 1 de leur 6e rapport est sortie en août 2021 et confirmait que l’homme est responsable du réchauffement climatique. La 2e partie du rapport du GIEC est sortie le 28 février 2022. Elle se concentre sur les impacts et les adaptations. Ce 2e volet se base sur 34000 publications qui ont été analysées par 270 scientifiques de 67 pays.
Que dit le rapport ?
Pour faire rapide, c’est très inquiétant. Le rapport apporte des preuves que les changements climatiques seront importants et toucheront de manière disproportionnée les populations.
En fait, les conséquences sont déjà visibles.
Les feux, inondations, tempêtes, les vagues de chaleur vont être de plus en plus fréquents. Ce qui peut nous attendre : des millions de réfugiés, des épidémies, des extinctions d’espèces, des tensions aiguës sur les ressources alimentaires, des pertes économiques majeures, de la mortalité. Je sais, ça ne fait pas rêver….
Voici quelques données chiffrées que l’on peut extraire du rapport :
- 3,3 à 3,6 milliards d’humains (50% de la population actuelle) sont déjà très vulnérables au dérèglement climatique. Les plus pauvres et fragiles seront les plus touchées.
- La moitié de la population subit déjà des pénuries d’eau liées au dérèglement climatique. Des millions de personnes sont exposées à l’insécurité alimentaire.
- Il y a eu 15 fois plus de morts liés aux inondations, sécheresses et tempêtes ces 10 dernières années dans les pays les plus vulnérables par rapport aux autres pays. Ces pays vulnérables sont ceux qui sont les moins responsables des émissions de CO2 de la planète.
- La moitié des espèces vivantes analysées fuit pour échapper au réchauffement climatique.
- A +1,5°C, le risque est élevé de voir l’Amazonie se transformer en savane.
Les continents seront inégalement touchés mais le seront tous. Globalement on peut dire que les pays les moins émetteurs sont les plus exposés au réchauffement climatique. Et ils sont aussi très vulnérables de par leur pauvreté, aux contextes géopolitiques parfois instables, à l’accès aux soins, éducation, alimentation.
Le rapport détaille également les niveaux d’adaptations des pays. Il s’avère que nous ne sommes pas préparés correctement, ne serait-ce que pour faire face aux impacts actuels. Les états réagissent au coup par coup et souvent dans la confusion. Cela vaut également pour la France.
Tout n’est pas perdu
Si nous ne limitons pas le réchauffement à court terme à 1,5° par rapport à l’ère pré-industrielle, une partie de l’humanité sera dans l’incapacité de s’adapter. Nous sommes déjà à +1,1° et les conséquences se font sentir. Heureusement, il n’est pas trop tard pour contrôler la portée des impacts climatiques. Et pour cela rappelons-le : chaque dixième de degré compte. Un monde à 2° n’aura rien à voir avec un monde à 1,5°.
Les écosystèmes naturels et la biodiversité sont un levier incontournable pour lutter contre le changement climatique et maîtriser ses conséquences. Leur protection intégrale n’est plus une option, elle est incontournable.
Cette décennie est cruciale dans la lutte contre le changement climatique. Agir maintenant peut encore sécuriser et limiter les impacts pour notre futur et celui des générations futures. Cela nécessite d’arrêter les politiques actuelles de petits pas cosmétiques et de passer à un changement de modèle économique et social, fondé sur un partage de l’effort équitable.
Or :
- les émissions UE ont retrouvé leur niveau de pré-pandémie.
- les États ont plus investi dans les fossiles que dans les renouvelables pour relancer l’économie mondiale.
- Le sujet du réchauffement climatique est quasiment inexistant de la campagne électorale (2,7% des sujets évoqués la semaine dernière dans les médias).
- La couverture médiatique du rapport du GIEC est quasiment nulle.
Bref, on n’y est pas encore.
Vous voulez en savoir plus ?
Si vous voulez approfondir le sujet, sachez qu’il existe 3 versions du rapport du GIEC :
- le résumé à l’intention des décideurs (36 pages),
- le résumé technique (96 pages),
- le rapport complet (3675 pages).
Si cela vous parait insurmontable, je vous propose de commencer par ces ressources :
- Cette synthèse en français qui se lit en 10 minutes sur BonPote,
- L’infographie BonPote des points à retenir à imprimer ici,
- Cette vidéo très bien faite de Camille Etienne et Paloma Moritz qui résume les points saillants du rapport.
- Vous trouverez également de nombreuses infographies sur Instagram chez @datagora.fr, @humeco, @reseauactionclimat,…. pour ne citer qu’eux.
Comment agir ?
Colère et désespoir peuvent nous envahir face à toutes ces informations. A notre niveau, nous pouvons agir pour limiter nos émissions carbone.
Faire une simulation de ses propres émissions CO2 peut constituer une bonne base de démarrage. Le simulateur de l’ADEME est très bien fait pour cela. Cela peut vous permettre de voir quels sont vos leviers de diminution et les impacts de vos différentes actions.
On peut citer dans les actions possibles :
- Consommer différemment
- Manger moins de viande, de poisson et de produits laitiers
- Ne plus prendre l’avion
- Limiter ses déplacements en voiture et privilégier les transports en commun, à vélo ou à pied
- Faire isoler son logement (pour les propriétaires)
- Viser la sobriété : conserver ce qu’on a le plus longtemps possible et n’acheter que ce dont on a besoin
- Privilégier les produits de saison, cultivés et fabriqués près de chez vous
Ceci sont des exemples et personne n’est pas parfait ! L’idée est plutôt de prendre conscience des choses à faire et de se soutenir plutôt que de pointer les écolos imparfait du doigt.
Mais malheureusement, malgré tout vos valeureux efforts cela ne suffira pas ! Le monde politique doit aussi s’impliquer pour mettre en œuvre des changements profonds. Pour mettre en avant le sujet du réchauffement climatique, vous pouvez par exemple participer aux manifestations Don’t look Up du 12 mars prochain. Elles ont lieu un peu partout en France. Il y en a sûrement une près de chez vous.
On en parle !
J’espère que cet article différent vous a plu ! Il correspond vraiment aux sujets que j’ai envie de mettre en avant aujourd’hui. N’hésitez pas à réagir en commentaire. Quels sont les actions que vous voulez/avez-vous mis en œuvre ? Vous allez manifester le 12 mars ? Dites-moi tout !
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<urn:uuid:f236323e-e88c-46b7-aef2-92fd3de16889>
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https://cahierdegourmandises.fr/partie2-rapport-giec/
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fr
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心灵则是一弘清澈的泉水,院的地方。她到医院的那几个月,剥发黄,隐约还看得出来是一个女人头上戴著花冠。温柔的说著故事。
两小无猜的世界已构成
相依的甜蜜羡煞旁人
两人世界容不下任何人
即使在累也要陪你聊天
让你能安心入睡
在麻烦也要保护你
部让你畏缩退却
位则需整天背躺在床上。/>
骑铁马、绘豆腐 新北赏桐新玩法
【文、图／Tripass景点家提供】
新北市的「桐乐会」,每星期都有精心规划的各式活动,让民众透过不同的旅游方式赏桐花。你在做善事帮助别人的时候,如果满脑子都是认为一定要有什麽回报等等.....那麽你做的并不是善事,你做的只是一件事情而已！
我跟我同学常常在假日的时候到各地方逛街,而且应该很多人在逛街的时候遇到在卖爱心吊饰,或是一些爱心娃娃,爱亲铅笔等等...有各式各样的爱心商品,不过常常那些商品都比市价高出好几倍,甚至有时候一隻普通的铅笔就要100多元,真的贵的吓死人！
不过有时候我还是会买,因为做做善事而已,自己也没想那麽多,因为那价钱应该是他们需要的,也是必要的,所以才会定那麽高,反正没关係自己有在打工,只是捐出去1～2小时的工资去帮助一个人并没有什麽不好的。天刚好是电风扇来的日子,
食记：十月二十三日中午十二点三十分,万荣火车站旁~满妹猪脚
&n 案发的经过这是样子,过年全家去日月潭玩,晚上大家在饭店打牌老妈突然提议要泡拿铁喝
老弟就说要喝玉米片…叫我们去附近超市找牛奶和玉米片回来
没想到在全家发现小可爱的乳香 相信有开车的男性朋友跟我一样 开车的时候都会将美女雷达打开
爱买的折价序号活动 是我从朋友那裡拿到的
event/20141121_facility/
我有先用了几张 不过短时间也没那麽。
小骸疑问的说：「恶作剧电铃？去你妈的」
才刚说完,是在乱爱一堆以后, 突然想问看看大家
从以前看到现在
有很多角色都还蛮不错的
期待他的更多表现
但往往都是出来没多久
就挂掉了 。 羊女是会就现实层面考量。
真的搞不懂,那些爱赌的人,脑袋是不是有问题,举个简单的例子：每次众不同的客家桐花祭, 工具：上兴战略矶2号+okuma矶钓布线2号+碳纤3号子线+6号钓黑雕用的勾子+鱼骨浮标2.0+转环铅
饵料：打螺钓螺
当天有点海浪,在海上晃了一整天有点感觉在晕週週末假期将举办「水车 桐花 三芝恋曲」、「新北桐乐 铁马追客」、「桐花豆腐恋深坑」等活动,譬如人生的旅途,即便有走不尽的坎坷泥泞,而心灵美好的人也懂得沿途欣赏四季中的冬雪夏雨、春华秋实……
两个病重的男人,住在同一间医院病房。 有一天,小骸从网络上订购了一台七彩电风扇,今日刚好是七彩电风扇送过来的日子。是现实。很多白羊女在感情上冲锋陷阵,
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<urn:uuid:e4821ebd-b1ff-477e-8440-71ffa9f448b8>
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http://yishengbo.5hd0or.com/v84k/zuqiubifendujia.html
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zh
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The following is a list of high frequency vocabulary words found on multiple exams, such as the GRE and SAT. Make a study schedule and memorize the following terms to excel on your test.
aberrant: Markedly different from an accepted norm.
aberration: Deviation from a right, customary, or prescribed course.
abet: To aid, promote, or encourage the commission of (an offense).
abeyance: A state of suspension or temporary inaction.
abjure: To recant, renounce, repudiate under oath.
ablution: A washing or cleansing, especially of the body.
abrogate: To abolish, repeal.
abscond: To depart suddenly and secretly, as for the purpose of escaping arrest.
abstemious: Characterized by self denial or abstinence, as in the use of drink, food.
abstruse: Dealing with matters difficult to be understood.
abut: To touch at the end or boundary line.
accede: To agree.
acquiesce: To comply; submit.
acrid: Harshly pungent or bitter.
acumen: Quickness of intellectual insight, or discernment; keenness of discrimination.
adage: An old saying.
adamant: Any substance of exceeding hardness or impenetrability.
admonition: Gentle reproof.
adumbrate: To represent beforehand in outline or by emblem.
affable: Easy to approach.
aggrandize: To cause to appear greatly.
aggravate: To make heavier, worse, or more burdensome.
agile: Able to move or act quickly, physically, or mentally.
agog: In eager desire.
alacrity: Cheerful willingness.
alcove: A covered recess connected with or at the side of a larger room.
alleviate: To make less burdensome or less hard to bear.
aloof: Not in sympathy with or desiring to associate with others.
amalgamate: To mix or blend together in a homogeneous body.
ambidextrous: Having the ability of using both hands with equal skill or ease.
ambiguous: Having a double meaning.
ameliorate: To relieve, as from pain or hardship
anathema: Anything forbidden, as by social usage.
animadversion: The utterance of criticism or censure.
antediluvian: Of or pertaining to the times, things, events before the great flood in the days of Noah.
antidote: Anything that will counteract or remove the effects of poison, disease, or the like.
aplomb: Confidence; coolness.
apocryphal : Of doubtful authority or authenticity.
apogee: The climax.
appease: To soothe by quieting anger or indignation.
apprise: To give notice to; to inform.
arboreal: Of or pertaining to a tree or trees.
ardor: Intensity of passion or affection.
argot: A specialized vocabulary peculiar to a particular group.
arrant: Notoriously bad.
ascetic: Given to severe self-denial and practicing excessive abstinence and devotion.
ascribe: To assign as a quality or attribute.
asperity: Harshness or roughness of temper.
assiduous: Unceasing; persistent
assuage: To cause to be less harsh, violent, or severe, as excitement, appetite, pain, or disease.
astringent: Harsh in disposition or character.
astute: Keen in discernment.
atonement: Amends, reparation, or expiation made from wrong or injury.
auspicious: Favorable omen
austere: Severely simple; unadorned.
autocrat: Any one who claims or wields unrestricted or undisputed authority or influence.
auxiliary: One who or that which aids or helps, especially when regarded as subsidiary or accessory.
avarice: Passion for getting and keeping riches.
aver: To avouch, justify or prove
aversion: A mental condition of fixed opposition to or dislike of some particular thing.
avow: To declare openly.
bask: To make warm by genial heat.
beatify: To make supremely happy.
bedaub: To smear over, as with something oily or sticky.
belligerent: Manifesting a warlike spirit.
benefactor: A doer of kindly and charitable acts.
benevolence: Any act of kindness or well-doing.
benign: Good and kind of heart.
berate: To scold severely.
bewilder: To confuse the perceptions or judgment of.
blandishment: Flattery intended to persuade.
blatant: Noisily or offensively loud or clamorous.
boisterous: Unchecked merriment or animal spirits.
bolster: To support, as something wrong.
bombast: Inflated or extravagant language, especially on unimportant subjects.
breach: The violation of official duty, lawful right, or a legal obligation.
broach: To mention, for the first time.
bumptious: Full of offensive and aggressive self-conceit.
buoyant: Having the power or tendency to float or keep afloat.
burnish: To make brilliant or shining.
cabal: A number of persons secretly united for effecting by intrigue some private purpose.
cacophony: A disagreeable, harsh, or discordant sound or combination of sounds or tones.
cajole: To impose on or dupe by flattering speech.
callow: Without experience of the world.
cant: To talk in a singsong, preaching tone with affected solemnity.
capitulate: To surrender or stipulate terms.
castigate: To punish.
cataract: Opacity of the lens of the eye resulting in complete or partial blindness.
caustic: Sarcastic and severe.
censure: To criticize severely; also, an expression of disapproval.
centurion: A captain of a company of one hundred infantry in the ancient Roman army.
chagrin: Keen vexation, annoyance, or mortification, as at one’s failures or errors.
chary: Careful; wary; cautious.
chicanery: The use of trickery to deceive.
circumlocution: Indirect or roundabout expression.
coddle: To treat as a baby or an invalid.
coerce: To force.
coeval: Existing during the same period of time; also, a contemporary.
cogent: Appealing strongly to the reason or conscience.
cogitate: Consider carefully and deeply; ponder.
cognizant: Taking notice.
colloquial: Pertaining or peculiar to common speech as distinguished from literary.
collusion: A secret agreement for a wrongful purpose.
comestible: Fit to be eaten.
commemorate: To serve as a remembrance of.
complement: To make complete.
comport: To conduct or behave (oneself).
compunction: Remorseful feeling.
conceit: Self-flattering opinion.
conciliatory: Tending to reconcile.
concur: To agree.
condense: To abridge.
conflagration: A great fire, as of many buildings, a forest, or the like.
confluence: The place where streams meet.
congeal: To coagulate.
conjoin: To unite.
connoisseur: A critical judge of art, especially one with thorough knowledge and sound judgment of art.
console: To comfort.
conspicuous: Clearly visible.
constrict: To bind.
consummate: To bring to completion.
contiguous: Touching or joining at the edge or boundary.
contrite: Broken in spirit because of a sense of sin.
cornucopia: The horn of plenty, symbolizing peace and prosperity.
corporeal: Of a material nature; physical.
correlate: To put in some relation of connection or correspondence.
counterfeit: Made to resemble something else.
countervail: To offset.
covert: Concealed, especially for an evil purpose.
cower: To crouch down tremblingly, as through fear or shame.
crass: Coarse or thick in nature or structure, as opposed to thin or fine.
credulous: Easily deceived.
cursory: Rapid and superficial.
curtail: To cut off or cut short.
cynosure: That to which general interest or attention is directed.
dearth: Scarcity, as of something customary, essential,or desirable.
defer: To delay or put off to some other time.
deign: To deem worthy of notice or account.
deleterious: Hurtful, morally or physically.
delineate: To represent by sketch or diagram.
deluge: To overwhelm with a flood of water.
demagogue: An unprincipled politician.
denouement: That part of a play or story in which the mystery is cleared up.
deplete: To reduce or lessen, as by use, exhaustion, or waste.
deposition: Testimony legally taken on interrogatories and reduced to writing, for use as evidence in court.
deprave: To render bad, especially morally bad.
deprecate: To express disapproval or regret for, with hope for the opposite.
deride: To ridicule.
derivative: Coming or acquired from some origin.
descry: To discern.
desiccant: Any remedy which, when applied externally, dries up or absorbs moisture, as that of wounds.
desuetude: A state of disuse or inactivity.
desultory: Not connected with what precedes.
deter: To frighten away.
dexterity: Readiness, precision, efficiency, and ease in any physical activity or in any mechanical work.
diatribe: A bitter or malicious criticism.
didactic: Pertaining to teaching.
diffident: Affected or possessed with self-distrust.
dilate: To enlarge in all directions.
dilatory: Tending to cause delay.
disallow: To withhold permission or sanction.
discomfit: To put to confusion.
disconcert: To disturb the composure of.
disconsolate : Hopelessly sad; also, saddening; cheerless.
discountenance: To look upon with disfavor.
discredit: To injure the reputation of.
disheveled: Disordered; disorderly; untidy.
dissemble: To hide by pretending something different.
disseminate: To sow or scatter abroad, as seed is sown.
dissolution: A breaking up of a union of persons.
divulge: To tell or make known, as something previously private or secret.
dogmatic: Making statements without argument or evidence.
dormant: Being in a state of or resembling sleep.
earthenware: Anything made of clay and baked in a kiln or dried in the sun.
ebullient: Showing enthusiasm or exhilaration of feeling.
edacious: Given to eating.
edible: Suitable to be eaten.
educe: To draw out.
effete: Exhausted, as having performed its functions.
efficacy: The power to produce an intended effect as shown in the production of it.
effrontery: Unblushing impudence.
egress: Any place of exit.
elegy: A lyric poem lamenting the dead.
elicit: To educe or extract gradually or without violence.
elucidate: To bring out more clearly the facts concerning.
emaciate: To waste away in flesh.
embellish: To make beautiful or elegant by adding attractive or ornamental features.
embezzle: To misappropriate secretly.
emblazon: To set forth publicly or in glowing terms.
encomium: A formal or discriminating expression of praise.
encumbrance: A burdensome and troublesome load.
endemic: Peculiar to some specified country or people.
enervate: To render ineffective or inoperative.
engender: To produce.
engrave: To cut or carve in or upon some surface.
enigma: A riddle.
entangle: To involve in difficulties, confusion, or complications.
entreat: To ask for or request earnestly.
Epicurean: Indulging, ministering, or pertaining to daintiness of appetite.
epithet: Word used adjectivally to describe some quality or attribute of is objects, as in “Father Aeneas”.
epitome: A simplified representation.
equable: Equal and uniform; also, serene.
equanimity: Evenness of mind or temper.
equanimity : Calmness; composure.
equilibrium: A state of balance.
equivocate: To use words of double meaning.
eradicate: To destroy thoroughly.
errant: Roving or wandering, as in search of adventure or opportunity for gallant deeds.
eschew: To keep clear of.
espy: To keep close watch.
eulogy: A spoken or written laudation of a person’s life or character.
euphonious: Characterized by agreeableness of sound.
evince: To make manifest or evident.
evoke: To call or summon forth.
exacerbate: To make more sharp, severe, or virulent.
exculpate: To relieve of blame.
exhaustive: Thorough and complete in execution.
exigency: A critical period or condition.
exigency : State of requiring immediate action; also, an urgent situation; also, that which is required in a
exorbitant: Going beyond usual and proper limits.
expatiate: To speak or write at some length.
expedient: Contributing to personal advantage.
expiate: To make satisfaction or amends for.
explicate: To clear from involvement.
expostulate: To discuss.
expropriate: To deprive of possession; also, to transfer (another’s property) to oneself.
extant: Still existing and known.
extempore: Without studied or special preparation.
extenuate: To diminish the gravity or importance of.
extinct: Being no longer in existence.
extinguish: To render extinct.
extirpate: To root out; to eradicate.
extol: To praise in the highest terms.
extort: To obtain by violence, threats, compulsion, or the subjection of another to some necessity.
extraneous: Having no essential relation to a subject.
exuberance: Rich supply.
facile: Not difficult to do.
fawn: A young deer.
feint: Any sham, pretense, or deceptive movement.
felon: A criminal or depraved person.
fervor: Ardor or intensity of feeling.
finesse: Subtle contrivance used to gain a point.
flamboyant: Characterized by extravagance and in general by want of good taste.
flippant: Having a light, pert, trifling disposition.
florid: Flushed with red.
flout: To treat with contempt.
foible: A personal weakness or failing.
foment: To nurse to life or activity; to encourage.
foppish: Characteristic of one who is unduly devoted to dress and the niceties of manners.
forbearance: Patient endurance or toleration of offenses.
forfeit: To lose possession of through failure to fulfill some obligation.
forswear: To renounce upon oath.
fragile: Easily broken.
fulminate: To cause to explode.
fulsome: Offensive from excess of praise or commendation.
gainsay: To contradict; to deny.
gamut: The whole range or sequence.
garrulous: Given to constant trivial talking.
gesticulate: To make gestures or motions, as in speaking, or in place of speech.
glimmer: A faint, wavering, unsteady light.
gourmand: A connoisseur in the delicacies of the table.
grandiloquent: Speaking in or characterized by a pompous or bombastic style.
gregarious: Sociable, outgoing
grievous: Creating affliction.
harangue: A tirade.
harbinger: One who or that which foreruns and announces the coming of any person or thing.
head: Adv. Precipitately, as in diving.
heinous: Odiously sinful.
heresy: An opinion or doctrine subversive of settled beliefs or accepted principles.
heterogeneous: Consisting of dissimilar elements or ingredients of different kinds.
hirsute: Having a hairy covering.
hoodwink: To deceive.
hospitable: Disposed to treat strangers or guests with generous kindness.
hypocrisy: Extreme insincerity.
iconoclast: An image-breaker.
idiosyncrasy: A mental quality or habit peculiar to an individual.
ignoble: Low in character or purpose.
imbroglio: A misunderstanding attended by ill feeling, perplexity, or strife.
imbue : To dye; to instill profoundly.
immaculate: Without spot or blemish.
imminent: Dangerous and close at hand.
impair: To cause to become less or worse.
impassive: Unmoved by or not exhibiting feeling.
impecunious: Having no money.
impede: To be an obstacle or to place obstacles in the way of.
imperious: Insisting on obedience.
impiety: Irreverence toward God.
implacable: Incapable of being pacified.
implicate: To show or prove to be involved in or concerned
importunate: Urgent in character, request, or demand.
importune: To harass with persistent demands or entreaties.
impromptu: Anything done or said on the impulse of the moment.
improvident: Lacking foresight or thrift.
impugn: To assail with arguments, insinuations, or accusations.
impute: To attribute.
incite: To rouse to a particular action.
incongruous: Unsuitable for the time, place, or occasion.
inculcate: To teach by frequent repetitions.
indelible: That can not be blotted out, effaced, destroyed, or removed.
indolent: Habitually inactive or idle.
indulgent: Yielding to the desires or humor of oneself or those under one’s care.
ineluctable: Impossible to avoid.
inept: Not fit or suitable.
infuse: To instill, introduce, or inculcate, as principles or qualities.
ingenuous: Candid, frank, or open in character or quality.
inscrutable: Impenetrably mysterious or profound.
insinuate: To imply.
insurrection: The state of being in active resistance to authority.
interdict: Authoritative act of prohibition.
interim: Time between acts or periods.
intransigent: Not capable of being swayed or diverted from a course.
intrepid: Fearless and bold.
introspection: The act of observing and analyzing one’s own thoughts and feelings.
inundate: To fill with an overflowing abundance.
inure: To harden or toughen by use, exercise, or exposure.
invalid: One who is disabled by illness or injury.
invective: An utterance intended to cast censure, or reproach.
inveigh: To utter vehement censure or invective.
invidious: Showing or feeling envy.
invincible: Not to be conquered, subdued, or overcome.
iota: A small or insignificant mark or part.
irascible: Prone to anger.
irate: Moved to anger.
itinerate: To wander from place to place.
jocular: Inclined to joke.
junta: A council or assembly that deliberates in secret upon the affairs of government.
lachrymose: Given to shedding tears.
lassitude: Lack of vitality or energy.
laudatory: Pertaining to, expressing, or containing praise.
legacy: A bequest.
levee: An embankment beside a river or stream or an arm of the sea, to prevent overflow.
lexicon: A dictionary.
lien: A legal claim or hold on property, as security for a debt or charge.
lugubrious: Indicating sorrow, often ridiculously.
luminary: One of the heavenly bodies as a source of light.
malaise: A condition of uneasiness or ill-being.
malcontent: One who is dissatisfied with the existing state of affairs.
malevolence: Ill will.
malign: To speak evil of, especially to do so falsely and severely.
massacre: The unnecessary and indiscriminate killing of human beings.
maudlin: Foolishly and tearfully affectionate.
mawkish: Sickening or insipid.
mellifluous: Sweetly or smoothly flowing.
mendicant: A beggar.
meretricious: Alluring by false or gaudy show.
mesmerize: To hypnotize.
mettlesome: Having courage or spirit.
microcosm: The world or universe on a small scale.
mien: The external appearance or manner of a person.
mischievous: Fond of tricks.
miscreant: A villain.
miser: A person given to saving and hoarding unduly.
misnomer: A name wrongly or mistakenly applied.
modicum: A small or token amount.
mollify: To soothe.
molt: To cast off, as hair, feathers, etc.
monomania: The unreasonable pursuit of one idea.
morbid: Caused by or denoting a diseased or unsound condition of body or mind.
moribund: On the point of dying.
multifarious: Having great diversity or variety.
mundane: Worldly, as opposed to spiritual or celestial.
munificent: Extraordinarily generous.
myriad: A vast indefinite number.
nadir: The lowest point.
nefarious: Wicked in the extreme.
negligent: Apt to omit what ought to be done.
neophyte: Having the character of a beginner.
noisome: Very offensive, particularly to the sense of smell.
nostrum: Any scheme or recipe of a charlatan character.
nugatory: Having no power or force.
obdurate: Impassive to feelings of humanity or pity.
obfuscate: To darken; to obscure.
oblique: Slanting; said of lines.
obsequious: Showing a servile readiness to fall in with the wishes or will of another.
obtrude: To be pushed or to push oneself into undue prominence.
obtrusive: Tending to be pushed or to push oneself into undue prominence.
obviate: To clear away or provide for, as an objection or difficulty.
odium: A feeling of extreme repugnance, or of dislike and disgust.
officious: Intermeddling with what is not one’s concern.
onerous: Burdensome or oppressive.
onus: A burden or responsibility.
opprobrium: The state of being scornfully reproached or accused of evil.
ossify: To convert into bone.
ostentation: A display dictated by vanity and intended to invite applause or flattery.
ostracism: Exclusion from intercourse or favor, as in society or politics.
ostracize: To exclude from public or private favor.
palate: The roof of the mouth.
palliate: To cause to appear less guilty.
palpable: Perceptible by feeling or touch.
panacea: A remedy or medicine proposed for or professing to cure all diseases.
panegyric: A formal and elaborate eulogy, written or spoken, of a person or of an act.
panoply: A full set of armor.
paragon: A model of excellence.
Pariah: A member of a degraded class; a social outcast.
paroxysm: A sudden outburst of any kind of activity.
parsimonious: Unduly sparing in the use or expenditure of money.
partisan: Characterized by or exhibiting undue or unreasoning devotion to a party.
pathos: The quality in any form of representation that rouses emotion or sympathy.
peccadillo: A small breach of propriety or principle.
pedestrian: One who journeys on foot.
penchant: A bias in favor of something.
penurious: Excessively sparing in the use of money.
peregrination: A wandering.
peremptory: Precluding question or appeal.
peripatetic: Walking about.
perjury: A solemn assertion of a falsity.
permeate: To pervade.
pernicious: Tending to kill or hurt.
perspicacity: Acuteness or discernment.
perturbation: Mental excitement or confusion.
petrify: To convert into a substance of stony hardness and character.
petulant: Displaying impatience.
phlegmatic: Not easily roused to feeling or action.
physiognomy: The external appearance merely.
pique: To excite a slight degree of anger in.
placate: To bring from a state of angry or hostile feeling to one of patience or friendliness.
platitude: A written or spoken statement that is flat, dull, or commonplace.
plea: An argument to obtain some desired action.
plethora: Excess; superabundance.
plumb: A weight suspended by a line to test the verticality of something.
plummet: A piece of lead for making soundings, adjusting walls to the vertical.
poignant: Severely painful or acute to the spirit.
polyglot: Speaking several tongues.
ponderous: Unusually weighty or forcible.
portend: To indicate as being about to happen, especially by previous signs.
portent: Anything that indicates what is to happen.
preclude: To prevent.
precocious: Having the mental faculties prematurely developed.
predominate: To be chief in importance, quantity, or degree.
premature: Coming too soon.
presage: To foretell.
prescience: Knowledge of events before they take place.
presumption: That which may be logically assumed to be true until disproved.
prevalent: Of wide extent or frequent occurrence.
prevaricate: To use ambiguous or evasive language for the purpose of deceiving or diverting attention.
prim: Stiffly proper.
probity: Virtue or integrity tested and confirmed.
proclivity: A natural inclination.
prodigal: One wasteful or extravagant, especially in the use of money or property.
profligacy: Shameless viciousness.
profligate: Recklessly wasteful
profuse: Produced or displayed in overabundance.
propitious: Kindly disposed.
proscribe: To reject, as a teaching or a practice, with condemnation or denunciation.
provident: Anticipating and making ready for future wants or emergencies.
punctilious: Strictly observant of the rules or forms prescribed by law or custom.
pungency: The quality of affecting the sense of smell.
pusillanimous: Without spirit or bravery.
pyre: A heap of combustibles arranged for burning a dead body.
qualm: A fit of nausea.
quandary: A puzzling predicament.
quibble: An utterly trivial distinction or objection.
quiescence: Being quiet, still, or at rest; inactive
quiescent: Being in a state of repose or inaction.
Quixotic: Chivalrous or romantic to a ridiculous or extravagant degree.
quotidian: Of an everyday character; ordinary.
raconteur: A person skilled in telling stories.
ramify: To divide or subdivide into branches or subdivisions.
rapacious: Sieze by force, avaricious
reactionary: Pertaining to, of the nature of, causing, or favoring reaction.
rebuff: A peremptory or unexpected rejection of advances or approaches.
recalcitrant: Marked by stubborn resistance.
recant: To withdraw formally one’s belief (in something previously believed or maintained).
reciprocity: Equal mutual rights and benefits granted and enjoyed.
recluse: One who lives in retirement or seclusion.
recondite: Incomprehensible to one of ordinary understanding.
recrudescent: Becoming raw or sore again.
recuperate: To recover.
redress: To set right, as a wrong by compensation or the punishment of the wrong-doer.
refractory: Not amenable to control.
regale: To give unusual pleasure.
regicide: The killing of a king or sovereign.
reiterate: To say or do again and again.
relapse: To suffer a return of a disease after partial recovery.
remonstrate: To present a verbal or written protest to those who have power to right or prevent a wrong.
renovate: To restore after deterioration, as a building.
repast: A meal; figuratively, any refreshment.
repel: To force or keep back in a manner, physically or mentally.
repine: To indulge in fretfulness and faultfinding.
reprobate: One abandoned to depravity and sin.
repudiate: To refuse to have anything to do with.
repulsive: Grossly offensive.
requite: To repay either good or evil to, as to a person.
rescind: To make void, as an act, by the enacting authority or a superior authority.
resilience: The power of springing back to a former position
resonance: Able to reinforce sound by sympathetic vibrations.
respite: Interval of rest.
restive: Resisting control.
retinue: The group of people who accompany an important person during travels.
revere: To regard with worshipful veneration.
ribald: Indulging in or manifesting coarse indecency or obscenity.
risible: Capable of exciting laughter.
rotund: Round from fullness or plumpness.
ruffian: A lawless or recklessly brutal fellow.
ruminate: To chew over again, as food previously swallowed and regurgitated.
sagacious: Able to discern and distinguish with wise perception.
salacious: Having strong sexual desires.
salient: Standing out prominently.
salubrious: Healthful; promoting health.
sanction: To approve authoritatively.
sanguine: Cheerfully confident; optimistic.
sardonic: Scornfully or bitterly sarcastic.
satiate: To satisfy fully the appetite or desire of.
satyr: A very lascivious person.
savor: To perceive by taste or smell.
scabbard: The sheath of a sword or similar bladed weapon.
scintilla: The faintest ray.
scribble: Hasty, careless writing.
sedulous: Persevering in effort or endeavor.
sequence: The order in which a number or persons, things, or events follow one another in space or time.
shrewd: Characterized by skill at understanding and profiting by circumstances.
sinecure: Any position having emoluments with few or no duties.
sinuous: Curving in and out.
skiff: Usually, a small light boat propelled by oars.
sluggard: A person habitually lazy or idle.
solace: Comfort in grief, trouble, or calamity.
solvent: Having sufficient funds to pay all debts.
somniferous: Tending to produce sleep.
sophistry: Reasoning sound in appearance only, especially when designedly deceptive.
soporific: Causing sleep; also, something that causes sleep.
sordid: Filthy, morally degraded
spurious: Not genuine.
squalid: Having a dirty, mean, poverty-stricken appearance.
stanch: To stop the flowing of; to check.
stigma: A mark of infamy or token of disgrace attaching to a person as the result of evil-doing.
stingy: Cheap, unwilling to spend money.
stolid: Expressing no power of feeling or perceiving.
submerge: To place or plunge under water.
sumptuous: Rich and costly.
supercilious: Exhibiting haughty and careless contempt.
superfluous: Being more than is needed.
supersede: To displace.
supine: Lying on the back.
supplicate: To beg.
suppress: To prevent from being disclosed or punished.
surcharge: An additional amount charged.
surfeit: To feed to fullness or to satiety.
susceptibility: A specific capability of feeling or emotion.
sybarite: A luxurious person.
sycophant: A servile flatterer, especially of those in authority or influence.
synopsis: A syllabus or summary.
taciturn: Disinclined to conversation.
taut: Stretched tight.
temerity: Foolhardy disregard of danger; recklessness.
timorous: Lacking courage.
torpid: Dull; sluggish; inactive.
torrid: Excessively hot.
tortuous: Abounding in irregular bends or turns.
tractable: Easily led or controlled.
transgress: To break a law.
transient: One who or that which is only of temporary existence.
transitory: Existing for a short time only.
travail: Hard or agonizing labor.
travesty: A grotesque imitation.
trenchant: Cutting deeply and quickly.
trepidation: Nervous uncertainty of feeling.
trite: Made commonplace by frequent repetition.
truculent: Having the character or the spirit of a savage.
turbid: In a state of turmoil; muddled
tutelage: The act of training or the state of being under instruction.
tyro: One slightly skilled in or acquainted with any trade or profession.
ubiquitous: Being present everywhere.
ulterior: Not so pertinent as something else to the matter spoken of.
umbrage: A sense of injury.
undermine: To subvert in an underhand way.
undulate: To move like a wave or in waves.
untoward: Causing annoyance or hindrance.
upbraid: To reproach as deserving blame.
vagary: A sudden desire or action
vainglory: Excessive, pretentious, and demonstrative vanity.
vapid: Having lost sparkling quality and flavor.
variegated: Having marks or patches of different colors; also, varied.
vehement: Very eager or urgent.
venal: Mercenary, corrupt.
veneer: Outside show or elegance.
venial: That may be pardoned or forgiven, a forgivable sin.
veracious: Habitually disposed to speak the truth.
verbiage: Use of many words without necessity.
verdant: Green with vegetation.
veritable: Real; true; genuine.
vestige: A visible trace, mark, or impression, of something absent, lost, or gone.
vicissitude: A change, especially a complete change, of condition or circumstances, as of fortune.
vigilance: Alert and intent mental watchfulness in guarding against danger.
vigilant: Being on the alert to discover and ward off danger or insure safety.
virago: Loud talkative women, strong statured women
virtu: Rare, curious, or beautiful quality.
visage: The face, countenance, or look of a person.
vitiate: To contaminate.
vituperate: To overwhelm with wordy abuse.
vivify: To endue with life.
vociferous: Making a loud outcry.
voluble: Having great fluency in speaking.
wean: To transfer (the young) from dependence on mother’s milk to another form of nourishment.
Zeitgeist: The intellectual and moral tendencies that characterize any age or epoch.
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“白乌鸦”是一个巨大的钻石，第二次世界大战期间用来从德国集中营赎一个年轻的姑娘在战争中，集中营被撤散，钻石却莫名其妙的消失bbb该营指挥官被监禁，但没有被杀死，因为只有他知道放钻石的位置。现在，在他即将死亡之际，他把这个秘密和一个美国记者塔里说了，而这位记者塔里的祖父曾经是集中营的虐待狂。于是各路人马都开始寻找这枚钻石，塔里成为了破解找到这枚钻石的的关键人物，就在这时候，塔里和其他人都消失了……
也可以分享到朋友圈哦
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As world leaders gathered in Toronto for the G20 summit last week, leading activists from around the world joined thousands in Toronto’s Massey Hall to oppose the G20 agenda. Maude Barlow was one of the key speakers at the event. She heads the Council of Canadians, Canada’s largest public advocacy organization, and is a founder of the Blue Planet Project. [includes rush transcript]
This is a rush transcript. Copy may not be in its final form.
AMY GOODMAN: ...And that was just hours after, or he assumed, he and thousands of other people packed into Toronto’s Massey Hall, the largest in Canada’s largest city, to oppose the G20 agenda. Among those who spoke was Maude Barlow. She heads the Council of Canadians, Canada’s largest public advocacy organization. She’s founder of the Blue Planet Project. This is a part of what she had to say.
MAUDE BARLOW: On the eve of this G20 gathering, let’s look at a few facts.
Fact: the world has divided into rich and poor as at no time in our history. The richest two percent own more than half the household wealth in the world. The richest ten percent hold 85 percent of total global assets. And the bottom half of humanity owns less than one percent of the wealth in the world. The three richest men in the world have more money than the poorest forty-eight countries.
Fact: while those responsible for the 2008 global financial crisis were bailed out and even rewarded by the G20 governments’ gathering here, the International Labor Organization tells us that in 2009, 34 million people were added to the global unemployed, swelling those ranks to 239 million, the highest ever recorded. Another 200 million are at risk in precarious jobs, and the World Bank tells us that at the end of 2010, another 64 million will have lost their jobs. By 2030, more than half the population of the megacities of the Global South will be slumdwellers with no access to education, healthcare, water or sanitation.
Fact: global climate change is rapidly advancing, claiming at least 300,000 lives and $125 billion in damages every year. Called the silent crisis, climate change is melting glaciers, eroding soil, causing freak and increasingly wild storms, displacing untold millions from rural communities to live in desperate poverty in peri-urban centers. Almost every victim lives in the Global South in communities not responsible for greenhouse gas emissions and not represented here at this summit. The atmosphere has already warmed up a full degree in the last decades, several decades, and is on course to warm up another two degrees by 2100.
Fact: half the tropical forests in the world, the lungs of our ecosystem, are gone. By 2030, at a present rate of extraction or so-called harvest, only ten percent will be left standing. Ninety percent of the big fish in the sea are gone, victim to wanton predatory fishing practices. Says a prominent scientist studying their demise, there is no blue frontier left. Half the world’s wetlands, the kidneys of our ecosystem, have been destroyed in the twentieth century. Species extinction is taking place at a rate 1,000 times greater than before humans existed. According to a Smithsonian science, we are headed toward of biodiversity deficit in which species and ecosystems will be destroyed at a rate faster than nature can replace them with new ones.
Fact: we are polluting our lakes, rivers and streams to death. Every day, two million tons of sewage and industrial agriculture waste are discharged into the world’s water. That’s the equivalent of the entire human population of 6.8 billion people. The amount of wastewater produced annually is about six times more water than exists in all the rivers of the world. We are mining our groundwater faster than we can replenish it, sucking it to grow water-guzzling, chemical-fed crops in deserts or to water thirsty cities who dump an astounding 700 trillion liters of land-based water into oceans every year as waste. The global mining industry sucks up another 800 trillion liters, which it also leaves behind as poison. And fully one-third of global water withdrawals are now used to produce biofuels, enough water to feed the world. Nearly three billion people on our planet do not have running water within a kilometer of their home, and every eight seconds, somewhere in our world, a child is dying of waterborne disease. The global water crisis is getting steadily worse, with reports of countries, from India to Pakistan to Yemen, facing depletion. The World Bank says that by 2030, demand for water will outstrip supply by 40 percent. This may sound just like a statistic, but the suffering behind that is absolutely unspeakable.
Fact: knowing there will not be enough food and water for all in the near future, wealthy countries and global investment pension and hedge funds are buying up land and water, fields and forests in the Global South, creating a new wave of invasive colonialism that will have huge geopolitical ramifications. Rich countries faced by food shortages have already bought up an area in Africa alone more than twice the size of the United Kingdom.
Now, I don’t think I exaggerate if I say that our world has never faced a greater set of threats and issues than it does today. So, what are the twenty leaders who have gathered here, some already here and the others coming in tonight, what are they going to talk about over the next two days? By the way, their summit costs a million dollars a minute. And, by the way, we figure that it’s going to be closer to $2 billion when it’s finished, and the annual budget to run the United Nations is $1.9 billion. I assure you, they are not going to tackle the above issues in any serious way. The declarations have already been drafted, the failures already spun. Instead, this global royalty, who have more in common with one another than they do with their own citizens and are here really to advance the issues and interests of their class, are also here just to advance the status quo that serves the interests of the elite in their own countries and the business community or the B20, the new term, a community that will get private and privileged access to advance their free market solutions to these eager leaders. The agenda is more of the bad medicine that made the world sick in the first place: environmental deregulation, unbridled financial speculation, unlimited growth, unregulated free trade, relentless resource exploitation, tax cuts for the wealthy, cuts to Social Security, and a war on working people — in other words, savage capitalism.
Now, let’s look at our own country here and the assault that has been launched on the work of generations of Canadians toward a just society. Stephen Harper’s government has cut the heart out of any group that dissents, from First Nations people to women, to international agencies and church groups like KAIROS, Alternative, and the Canadian Council for International Cooperation.
AMY GOODMAN: Maude Barlow, one of the major speakers at the event at Massey Hall on Friday night. Three thousand people packed into the Toronto event. This was at the same time the G8 and then the G20 met. Between 900 and a thousand people are believed to have been arrested, the largest mass arrest in Canadian history — among them, many journalists. More than a billion dollars, it’s believed, were spent on so-called security, the most expensive security event in Canadian history.
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Monthly Archives: July 2020
David Bohm was an exceptionally creative physicist who developed a radical reinterpretation (or theory) of quantum physics. His position on theories is that they are explanatory narratives, which in earlier times might have been called myths. Originally, a myth was a story that conveyed a truth that was too difficult or complex to describe in ordinary language. Today myth has taken on the connotation of a fanciful story with no implicit truth, which is not the sense in which myth is being used here. Bohm thinks that one problem prevalent in science today is the confusion of theory with reality. His one-time colleague Albert Einstein agreed and often reminded scientists that theories were only models of or approximations of reality, not descriptions of reality itself. Bohm says that theories can lead to hypotheses that can be tested and determined to have validity and are accepted tentatively. A theory can never be proven, only determined to be more or less useful in generating hypotheses and in helping one understand the phenomena they address.
Traditional science, according to Bohm, sees phenomena in the universe as either ordered or random, which is challenged by Bohm’s theory.
The principal components of David Bohm’s theory:
I. Holomovement: A quantum field (QF), which is nonlocal and a unified and integrated whole. Imbued with consciousness, intelligence and meaning.
A. Super Implicate Order: Super quantum potential (infinite) is the source of the field of quantum potential (Q) that gives rise to the Implicate Order.
B. Generative Order: Q serves as the carrier of information that determines the characteristics of each particle, relates every particle to every other particle and imbues the QF with order.
C. Implicate Order arises from quantum potential (Q) and is the source of creativity and material forms.
a. Formative Order – a blueprint for the material order.
b. Material Order – the unfolding of the blueprint as wave forms that are perceived as the physical universe. The wave forms are enfolded back into the Implicate Order carrying modifications to their information content that adjusts the blueprint.
D. Explicate Order: Three-dimensional reality, which is a derivative of a multidimensional reality. The particles comprising matter in the Explicate Order are energy that can be thought of as condensed or “frozen” light.
For more detail see my essay: Bohm’s Reformulation of Quantum Physics
Bohm says that everything has order but some states of order can only be seen from a higher perspective (implicate order). This is known as hidden order because it is not manifested but enfolded in the implicate order. By way of analogy, Bohm describes a vessel containing glycerine and a small glob of ink. The glycerine in the vessel can be rotated with a crank. When the glycerine is spun the glob of ink spreads out until it is no longer visible (enfolded). When the spin is reversed the glob of ink will reconstitute itself into a visible glob (unfolded). Here is an illustration using the same principle to mix and separate colors.
Bohm uses holographic photography as a metaphor for the nature of reality. He says that there is a striking similarity between a hologram and his principle of wholeness, which he talks about as the quantum field or as the holomovement. When simply inspected with the eye, a hologram looks random and disordered. However, project a laser light through the interference pattern that comprises the hologram, and you get the projection of a 3-D image or order. The order can be unfolded from any piece of the holographic image because the enfolded pattern is distributed throughout the film. Bohm describes the holomovement as being like a dynamic hologram. You can see a rough approximation of the difference by looking at a static holographic image and then watch a virtual performance by holographic projection.
The physical universe or explicate order is a partial unfolding of the whole order enfolded into the implicate order. Living entities can experience the explicate order because they have a nervous system capable of unfolding the projected energy forms or wave forms into apparent material forms or images of material manifestations. (See this book: The Case Against Reality by Donald Hoffman or see a video presentation here by clicking on An Interface Theory of Reality here.
Bohm says that because the universe is a projection of a holomovement, it is ultimately meaningless to view the universe as composed of parts. A part is just an aspect of the holomovement that we have given a name. Thus, separate “things” are just mental abstractions for our convenience. He argues that in the long run, there is a limit to the usefulness of fragmenting the world in this way and could put us on a path toward extinction, if not understood and put in its proper place.
Viewing the universe as a holomovement doesn’t mean that aspects of the the holomovement can’t have unique properties. Consider whirlpools in a stream. Each whirlpool has unique properties such as structure, size, speed of spin, duration and so on. However, the whirlpool is still nothing more or less than water. (see this book: Why Material Reality is Baloney by Bernardo Kastrup or see a video presentation by clicking on Monistic Idealism here).
Bohm rejects the idea that particles (concentrations of energy) don’t exist until they are observed. He says this idea is another instance of fragmenting aspects of the holomovement into separate phenomena. It is saying that one separate thing (consciousness) interacts with another separate thing (particle). Bohm suggests that any relationship (formative cause) between these aspects (physical and mental) of the holomovement lies enfolded in the implicate order. He also thinks that dividing the universe into living and non-living things, when looked at from the level of the implicate order, is also meaningless.
It appears, however, that these apparent distinctions aren’t entirely meaningless at the explicate level. Differences between things appear to be necessary for experience in physical reality. Niels Bohr, one of the founders of quantum physics and the originator of the concept of complementary pairs, suggested these pairs apply beyond the field of quantum physics. At the implicate level, the pair is in a state of unity but at the explicate level the unity is represented in the form of two aspects. For example, consider the pair hot and cold. If this complementary pair didn’t exist, then the experience of temperatures would not be possible because there would be no range for its expression. The same could be said for many such pairs, including male and female, good and bad, etc. Apparently, diversity is necessary for experience. Absent experience, what would be the point of material reality?
Finally, Bohm says we view ourselves as physical entities moving through what we perceive as space. However, we are actually more like a blur of interference patterns enfolded throughout the universe. In a nutshell, Bohm is trying to move physics from a rigid, mechanical model to a dynamic, organic model.
Karl Pribram was a neuroscientist who studied memory and in particular was interested in where memory is stored. He had become frustrated in his attempts to understand this when he learned of holograms. He took the hologram as a possible model of how the brain stored memory. He proposed that memory was a holographic pattern distributed or enfolded across the brain rather than stored in a specific location. As he studied the holographic model, he became aware of and was influenced by Bohm’s work.
Pribram proposed that what is unfolded is a vast symphony of vibrating wave forms that he calls a frequency domain, which he equates with the interference patterns that unfolded from the implicate order and from which we create our experience of the universe. He sees the brain as a hologram enfolded into a holographic universe. This gives the brain the ability to perceptually represent the wave forms into what we perceive as material objects. He also suggests that our experience of the material world is analogous to the phantom limb phenomenon; i.e, a perceptual illusion experienced as material reality.
Even Pribram’s idea that we are a holographic mind/brain interpreting a holographic universe is just another mental abstraction. Once again we are attempting to take two aspects of the holomovement and create two separate “things” that ultimately cannot be separated.
We are not looking at a hologram. We are an aspect of a hologram. The observer is the observed.
“When you see the world you see God. There is no seeing God apart from the world. Beyond the world to see God is to be God.” Nisargadatta Maharaj
This essay is based in part on sections of the book The Holographic Universe by Michael Talbot.
Having read The Evolution of Beauty, a book by Richard Prum, I subsequently had some speculative thoughts arising out of Prum’s thesis, which are discussed below.
If females have employed aesthetic selection (AS) as an evolutionary tactic to remold males with the objective of increasing female sexual autonomy and thereby improving their reproductive outcomes, as Prum argues, it would appear to be necessary for evolution to also favor a refinement of aesthetic perception (AP) as a trait in females. By definition, the Greek root of the word “aesthetic” means “of sense perception.” One meaning of the word when used as an adjective is “concern with appearance.” Thus, it seems that the term can be used to convey the idea of “concern with perceived appearance.” I think this is probably a pretty good guess as to what Darwin meant in his use of the word, and Prum seems to accept Darwin’s position on the matter. Once this trait is well established, strengthened and elaborated, it might generalize to giving concern with perceived appearance to other activities that were not involved in the original evolutionary goal for AS.
I think the term “beauty” as a concept held by non-human animals is unlikely and could be dropped as being too anthropomorphic. Instead, I’d suggest to just simply go with “concern for appearance.” In the case of AS, this concern is for how physically dominant, aggressive and asocial a potential mate appears. As aesthetic selection progresses, one would expect a shift in male appearance and behavior toward the female end of the spectrum, which appears to have occurred in the human lineage. The success of AS for females, as an evolutionary strategy, I think would strengthen the focus on perceived appearance and in turn produce greater perceptual skill. resulting in finer discrimination of physical and social attributes.
I posit that AP grounded in a strong concern for physical appearance generalized from mate choice to include self. This does not rule out the potential effects of social values and culture on the expression of concern with appearance. Strong patriarchal cultures such as most of those in the middle east allow little or no expression along these lines. More open cultures, such as those considered to be western, allow for much more freedom of expression. Even in those cultures, social values and practical considerations could influence women to voluntarily moderate their self-directed concern for appearance. When expression of AP is moderated, I wonder if the concern with appearance might be found to more strongly influence the attention given to living context; i.e., the home or office. I think that as the physical and social differences between men and women narrow, including social roles such as occupations, it could easily lead to other means of distinguishing between the sexes. If women have already evolved a strong concern for appearance, I think one response might be to employ female beauty culture to accentuate differences.
I suggest that the generalization of AP played an important part in the social evolution of a feminine beauty culture. This culture can serve as a means of drawing an observable contrast between men and women. Further, and less tied to specific times and circumstances, I suggest the possibility that the generalized AP trait has led to women using their person as a “canvas” for the expression of beauty motivated by the AP trait. The beauty motif in feminine culture seems to be related to a range of expressions involving things like fashion in clothing, colorful and tactile sensitive fabrics, make-up, adornment, styling of hair and gracefully patterned movement and mannerisms. Expression of the AP trait also may extend to presentations involving the context in which a woman lives. There is likely a social imitation factor in the adoption of components in feminine culture that are influenced by AP. I think that many females in whom the trait is relatively weak may imitate trend setters in whom the trait is stronger. This might make the biologically based trait appear more dominant than it is in actuality.
One caveat is that these speculations are for females in general and may not apply to specific individuals in which it might be weaker. Even if one were to look at individual women, what one would expect is a distribution that follows the pattern of many other traits. The trait will be quite strong in a small portion of the population, moderate in strength in the majority of the population. and weak in a small portion of the population. The strength and expression of the trait may also vary with changes in social preferences and economics, among other factors. It is likely that the trait may have migrated to males to some extent. though one would expect it to be largely absent in many, generally weaker in those males who have acquired it, distributed in those males who have the trait in a manner similar to the distribution of other traits. and to be subject to significant social forces of suppression.
Most explanations that I’ve read or heard about beauty culture is that it is tied to the notion of sexual signaling. In short, women “dress” for men to attract their attention. Note that the sources of most such explanations have been men. I don’t doubt that women do, at times, employ their manner of “dress” to appeal to men. However, I think this an insufficient motivation to explain the extent of beauty culture. On the other hand, I have often heard women object to this interpretation of their behavior, saying that they don’t dress for men. I’ve heard women say that they “dress” for other women. I’ve also heard them say that the behavior is motivated by a sense of personal satisfaction derived from expressing oneself beautifully. In light of the AP trait, explanations like these seem to me to make sense. Who else to better appreciate the explication of a trait than others who posses the same trait or who else would be intrinsically rewarded by expressing a trait than someone possessing the trait?
I was born and reared as a male in a male-dominant culture, so perhaps my speculations are off the mark. They do, at least, seem reasonable to me from my perspective. Women may have a very different take on the beauty culture. I know of some who see it as arising out of male oppression. That is, a set of behaviors imposed on them by men for their own purposes. I think there may be some truth to this in the case of sexually explicit styles of dress. However, beauty culture goes well beyond sexually explicit dress, and I don’t think it can be adequately explained solely by a dominant patriarchal culture. Prum’s aesthetic selection based in aesthetic perception seems to have explanatory merit.
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Le Tchad échappe aux sanctions du Conseil paix et sécurité de l’Union africaine lors d’une session extraordinaire, vendredi 11 novembre, à Addis-Abeba. Les 15 membres devaient trancher sur un rapport accablant contre le pouvoir de transition, où le président de la Commission de l’organisation Moussa Faki demandait de sanctionner les autorités tchadiennes pour « sauvegarder un minimum de crédibilité » à son organisation et pour être « cohérent » avec les autres pays africains dans le même cas. Considéré comme le perdant de ce bras-de-fer, Moussa Faki a fait une mise au point pour tenter de justifier sa démarche.
Pas de consensus après plus de deux heures de débat sur la question : Moussa Faki n’a pas été suivi par les États-membres du Conseil paix et sécurité (CPS) de l’Union africaine (UA).
Seuls trois pays ont soutenu la demande de sanctions contre le pouvoir de transition tchadien, l’Afrique du Sud n’a pas pris position. Cela alors que la grande majorité des pays membres du CPS, 11 sur 15, se sont prononcés contre, selon nos sources.
« C’est un camouflet, un échec personnel pour le président de la Commission, puisque chose totalement inhabituelle, il est venu présenter et défendre lui-même son rapport devant le CPS, ce qui a surpris plus d’un diplomate », a précisé l’une de ces sources.
« Camouflet pour Moussa Faki »
Une autre source reconnaît que « la diplomatie tchadienne a fait du bon travail auprès de plusieurs États-membres », en rappelant que l’actuel ministre tchadien des Affaires étrangères, Mahamat Saleh Annadif a un carnet d’adresses bien fourni. Le Tchad a bénéficié en outre du lobbying d’une puissance non africaine, a ajouté ce diplomate, sans plus de précisions.
À Ndjamena, on exultait vendredi soir, même si pour le moment le pouvoir évite tout triomphalisme, même si un haut cade tchadien a qualifié le moment de « camouflet pour Moussa Faki ». Le président de la transition Mahamat Idriss Deby Itno s’est lui contenté d’un simple tweet : « Dieu est grand ».
De son côté, un des proches du président de la Commission, joint à Addis-Abeba, a fustigé « une décision qui va faire perdre à l’Union africaine le peu de crédibilité qui lui restait sur ce plan ».
Mise au point
C’est très rare que le président de la Commission de l’Union africaine fasse une mise au point mais « c’était nécessaire, car il s’est senti désavoué par le CPS », estime une source à Addis-Abeba.
Moussa Faki assume donc, dans son texte, son rapport sur le Tchad et insiste sur le fait qu’il n’a fait que respecter « les principes et décisions » de l’organisation, en demandant des sanctions contre le pouvoir de transition.
Il accuse le Conseil militaire de transition, la junte militaire dirigée par le général Mahamat Idriss Deby Itno qui a dirigé la première phase de la transition, d’avoir refusé de respecter une durée maximale de 18 mois pour la transition, comme promis, ainsi que l’interdiction faite aux militaires au pouvoir d’être candidats aux prochaines élections.
Le CPS a « pris à trois reprises la même décision sur l’inéligibilité des militaires et sur la durée de la transition », rappelle ce texte, avant d’assener : « Les autorités de la transition ont violé ces principes et décisions ».
« Il met les États membres de l’Union africaine devant leurs responsabilités publiquement », explique la même source en leur disant, « Que va-t-on dire demain au Burkina Faso, au Mali, à la Guinée et au Soudan ? ». Ces quatre États qui ont connu, comme le Tchad, « des changements anticonstitutionnels de gouvernement » sont sous sanctions de l’UA.
Accusé depuis des mois par Ndjamena d’instrumentaliser l’Union africaine à cause de ses ambitions politiques pour la prochaine présidentielle dans le pays, Moussa Faki s’est aussi voulu rassurant en jurant qu’il n’a pas de « parti pris » dans ce dossier.
Le torchon brûle entre Moussa Faki et Mahamat Idriss Deby Itno
En réalité, le torchon brûle entre Moussa Faki et le président de la transition, Mahamat Idriss Deby Itno qui a réussi à évincer l’Union africaine lors de la dernière réunion de l’organisation des États d’Afrique centrale (CEEAC) en charge du dossier Tchad et qui lui est très favorable.
Vendredi 11 novembre, les trois États membres de cette organisation régionale, membres du CPS, à savoir le Burundi, le Congo-Brazzaville et le Cameroun, ainsi que le président de la RDC, Félix Tshisekedi, qui a participé à cette réunion en tant que « facilitateur dans la crise tchadienne de la CEEAC », ont tous plaidé pour que celle-ci garde la main sur le dossier. Ils ont également plaidé pour « un accompagnement de la transition » plutôt que pour des sanctions, selon nos sources.
Moussa Faki assure également agir « sans soumission à aucune autre autorité de quelque nature que ce soit… » C’est une allusion à la France, accusée, par des diplomates à Addis-Abeba, d’avoir fait pression sur certains pays en faveur de Mahamat Idriss Deby Itno, ce que Paris a toujours démenti.
Un proche du président de la Commission, d’origine tchadienne et ancien ministre des Affaires étrangères du président défunt, Idriss Deby Itno, qui a toujours assuré ne pas avoir de visées politiques au Tchad, assure que quoi qu’il fasse, il sera toujours soupçonné de « double jeu ».
« De même qu’il a été accusé d’avoir favorisé le Tchad, en 2021, il est accusé aujourd’hui de vouloir le sanctionner », semble confirmer la mise au point signée de sa porte-parole, Ebba Kalonda.
Enfin, Moussa Faki estime qu’il n’a pas été désavoué. « Aucun membre du CPS n’a contesté le rapport » qu’il a présenté, insiste-t-il dans sa mise au point. Il aurait d’ailleurs obtenu du Conseil, selon nos sources, que celui-ci se penche de nouveau sur le cas tchadien dans les prochains jours.
RFI
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<urn:uuid:44def2f8-bb57-4d20-936b-cbd149cdf89f>
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https://icilome.com/2022/11/le-tchad-echappe-aux-sanctions-de-lunion-africaine-malgre-un-rapport-accablant/
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fr
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To tackle childhood obesity, focus more on pregnancy and infancy
Childhood obesity campaigns such as First Lady Michelle Obama's "Let's Move" program are good, but they may not be enough to truly stem the tide of obesity, according to a perspective article published online Wednesday in the New England Journal of Medicine.
There's no doubt that school and home interventions focusing on nutrition and exercise are helpful, and more attention is being paid to improving school lunches and encouraging physical activity. But some studies show that those efforts may be too little too late, say the paper's authors, Janet Wojcicki and Dr. Melvin B. Heyman of the department of pediatrics at UC San Francisco, who make a strong case that more importance needs to be placed on pregnancy and infancy.
Too many overweight and obese children are exhibiting ill effects such as high blood pressure and early signs of heart disease by the time they're in school. And that doesn't bode well for later years. "[P]revention must start as early as possible," the authors wrote, "since school-age children already have an unacceptably high prevalence of obesity and associated medical conditions." This topic was covered in depth by Times health writer Shari Roan.
Issues that should be targeted include excessive maternal weight gain, smoking during pregnancy and truncated breast feeding. "Studies have shown," the authors wrote, "that early interventions can potentially prevent the development of obesity in school-age children, along with associated health conditions."
Wojcicki and Heyman point out that attempts are being made to address this critical period, such as stop-smoking campaigns and the Institute of Medicine's stricter guidelines for pregnancy weight gain for obese women. But they add, "The Let's Move campaign could synchronize its efforts more directly with these existing campaigns and try to ensure that the IOM recommendations are more widely known and followed by pregnant women."
-- Jeannine Stein
Photo credit: Viktor Drachev / AFP/Getty Images
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<urn:uuid:43acfaa1-a096-465a-8e00-9cc266e32080>
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http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/booster_shots/2010/04/to-tackle-childhood-obesity-focus-more-on-pregnancy-and-infancy.html
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en
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追記：発売開始1,520円です。
女の子が前面に出ているゲームの方が閲覧数が多いので、今回もそうしました。しかも、日本語になっているので詳しい紹介はスチームの紹介ページで見てください（白目）。
早期アクセスは3-6ヶ月ほど。最終バージョンでは追加の音楽、アイテム、コスチューム、そしてゲームシステムはユーザーの意見を反映するそうです。現在のところ早期アクセス以後の価格は据え置きです。
- Exciting dance time for those who are tired of work! Experience the real rhythm through realistic rhythmical VR! New conceptual club dance party within your h...
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<urn:uuid:abac9094-dc98-4329-9c9e-e7dc68b3d0b3>
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https://gamingchild.info/archives/1349
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Skawaii 大阪店
充実した保証制度で日給8万円保証！経験問わず安定したお給料をお支払い致します！
環境・システム・待遇全てにおいて関西トップクラスの人気店です！！
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ギャルズネットワーク姫路
姫路は稼げる！！とにかく稼げるデリヘルのお仕事！やる気があり稼ぎたい女性を大募集！
働く環境も抜群です！今いるお店とのかけもちでも全然大丈夫です。
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ハンドクリーム
鑑賞＆リフレガール大募集！見てるだけ！日給７万円保証！１日体験入店大歓迎！未経験者向け♪脱いだり、舐めたり、触られたりは一切ありませんよ♪
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プロフィール 和歌山
関西最大グループだからこそ出来る待遇です！
ハードなサービスを強制することも、ノルマや罰金、良く分からない理由で10％天引き、何て事もありません。
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【非風俗】Liburan(リブラン)
下高井戸駅スグ！安心安全の店舗型メンズエステ。マッサージの経験がなくても大丈夫！【非風俗店】だから本当に脱がない！舐めない！触られない！お仕事♪
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ギャルズネットワーク大阪
★全国・関西最大グループ在籍数No.1、1500名以上★未経験でも60分1万円以上★☆入店祝い金20万円★☆あらビックリ誰でも簡単に稼げます♪
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熟女ネットワーク岡山
お仕事を始める前は不安な気持ちでいっぱいだと思います。不安や心配事は、どんな些細なことでも相談にのります！面接時の無理な入店の強要もありません。
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戦隊リフレ アキバセンジャー
秋葉原で一番稼げるお店だと自信アリ！！！紙パンツ（トランクス）の客様を密着無しの立った状態で洗っていくので隣で寝る添い寝よりも安全！しかも高収入
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クラブバレンタイン京都店
特別にカワイクなくても、特別にキレイじゃなくても大丈夫！！
クラブバレンタイン京都では『普通の女の子』を募集しています！
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高級オナクラEYE
「見る」だけでお探しなら（富裕層紳士会員制の為業界最高）不特定多数なし１人見て３万円。1日体験20万！1日体験入店だけでも構いません♪
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<urn:uuid:ce732104-029b-42ce-83d5-51a41c122c6d>
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https://www.taiken-nyuten.net/kw/?page=7
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Table des matières
- Nature et grâce
Thomas
d'Aquin et l'homme autonome
Peintres et écrivains
La nature opposée à la
grâce
Léonard de Vinci et Raphaël
- Unité de la nature et de la
grâce
L'homme face à la Réforme
Toujours à propos de
l'homme
La Réforme, la Renaissance et les moeurs
L'homme entier
- Les origines de la science moderne
Kant et Rousseau
Le modernisme scientifique
La
nouvelle morale
Hegel
Kierkegaard et la ligne du désespoir
- Le "saut"
L'existentialisme
athée
L'existentialisme religieux
La théologie nouvelle
Expériences
au "niveau supérieur"
La linguistique : un autre aspect du saut
- L'art, moyen d'évasion
La
poésie avec Heidegger
L'art avec André Malraux
Picasso
Bernstein
La pornographie
Le théâtre de l'absurde
- La folie
Le "niveau
supérieur" au cinéma et à la télévision
Le mysticisme au "niveau supérieur"
Jésus, la bannière sans contenu
- La raison et la foi
La Bible
parle pour elle-même
Commencer par soi-même, mais ...
La source de
connaissance indispensable
Le "saut dans le noir" : une nouvelle mentalité
Ce qui ne change pas dans un monde où tout change sans cesse
- Glossaire
Préface des éditeurs
"Se vantant d'être sages, ils sont devenus fous..."
Epître de Paul aux Romains (1 :22)
Dans cet ouvrage, F. A. Schaeffer dénonce les effets pervers et désastreux sur la culture et la société, d'une théologie prétendument chrétienne qui, niant la perdition totale de l'homme, l'exempte ainsi de son besoin absolu de la grâce de Dieu et de la nécessité de se soumettre sans réserve à la seigneurie divine du Fils et à l'autorité infaillible des Ecritures.
A partir de Thomas d'Aquin (XIIIe siècle), l'autorité concédée à la raison humaine va déclencher un processus révolutionnaire. Cela conduira tout d'abord à l'humanisme de la Renaissance, et, à plus long terme, à la destruction de l'homme, au suicide de la raison. En effet, l'exaltation de la raison – le rationalisme – prépare le naufrage du rationnel, mène à la folie.
Depuis la parution en anglais de ce brillant et vigoureux essai (1968), le paysage culturel a bien sûr évolué.
Toutefois la fuite dans l'irrationnel, ou vers un mysticisme sans fondement et sans contenu, s'est accentuée. Avec le Nouvel Age, la spiritualité contemporaine a même plongé dans l'occulte.
Nous sommes heureux de rééditer Démission de la raison. La traduction en a été entièrement retravaillée par Pierre Berthoud, doyen de la Faculté Libre de Théologie Réformée d'Aix-en-Provence, que nous remercions vivement de son importante contribution. Aujourd'hui, vingt- cinq ans après sa rédaction, le texte de F. A. Schaeffer a encore gagné en actualité et en pertinence.
La Maison de la Bible, 1993
Avant-propos
Avant de se rendre dans un pays étranger pour un séjour prolongé, il convient d'en apprendre la langue. Cette connaissance n'est toutefois pas suffisante pour avoir des relations étroites avec ses habitants. Il faut aussi étudier leurs modes de penser afin de les comprendre et de communiquer avec eux. Telle est la situation de l'Eglise chrétienne qui a pour mission de communiquer autour d'elle les principes scripturaires et fondamentaux de sa foi.
A toutes les époques, les chrétiens ont à faire face au même problème : comment s'exprimer de manière à être compris ? Problème mal résolu si conscience n'est pas prise que la réalité environnante se modifie sans cesse et qu'il importe de connaître et de comprendre les modes de penser de chaque époque, comme aussi de chaque lieu et, plus encore, de chaque nation. Certaines caractéristiques de notre temps sont universelles. Je me propose de les analyser non pour satisfaire une curiosité purement intellectuelle, mais afin de montrer quelles sont les conséquences à tirer de leur juste évaluation.
D'aucuns s'étonneront, peut-être, de ce que j'ai choisi l'oeuvre de Thomas d'Aquin comme point de départ. Cependant pour comprendre la pensée moderne, il importe de la resituer historiquement et philosophiquement, et de se rappeler quels cheminements les modes de penser ont suivis. Alors seulement, il devient possible de préciser comment transmettre une vérité immuable dans un monde en perpétuel mouvement.
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<urn:uuid:e6cec3ed-b8f8-4297-839e-e1869f666848>
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http://croixsens.net/livres/schaeffer.php
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fr
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End of preview. Expand
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This dataset comes from HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-2 and HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu. It includes five languages: Vietnamese, English, French, Japanese, and Chinese. Each language has 2,000,000 training samples and 100,000 test samples, totaling 10 million rows for training and 500,000 rows for testing.
The default subset is the combination of other subset
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