Split (1)

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[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nBusiness: business strategy and decision-making often involve analyzing market trends, assessing risks and opportunities, and evaluating potential courses of action. argumentation can be used to make strategic decisions and communicate them effectively to stakeholders.\n\n### Input:\nThe company should invest in developing a new product line to target the growing market for eco-friendly products. This will help us differentiate ourselves from competitors and appeal to environmentally conscious consumers.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Argument 1: Investing in a new product line targeting the eco-friendly market will allow our company to differentiate itself from competitors and appeal to environmentally conscious consumers, which is important given the increasing demand for sustainable products.\nArgument 2: Developing an eco-friendly product line will also help us meet our corporate social responsibility goals and improve our reputation as a responsible business.\nArgument 3: By investing in this new product line now, we can establish ourselves as a leader in the eco-friendly market and gain a competitive advantage over other companies that may enter the market later.", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nGiven a set of arguments, determine which ones are most likely to show signs of cognitive dissonance whereby two opposing ideas coexist within one person causing mental distress until resolved through some form of justification even though both may still remain incorrect at face value\n\n### Input:\nInput: Argument 1: I think that, to some extent, romantic movies can leave an impression on viewers about what they think their real life relationships should be.\nArgument 2: Yes, the expectations raised by romantic movies are damaging to real relationships.\nArgument 3: It is true that social media is very beneficial for staying in contact with people far away,\nArgument 4: but because there are no limits teens often wind up spending more time in that virtual world than in the real world.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yes", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nIs this an example of appeal to emotion fallacy? this occurs when speakers use emotional appeals instead of logical ones to convince audiences.\n\n### Input:\nInput: The only issue I have is that the volume starts to degrade a little bit after about six months and I find I have to buy a new pair every year or so.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "No", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nGiven a collection of arguments, identify any instances of confirmation bias fallacy where evidence supporting one side of an issue is sought out while ignoring contrary evidence.\n\n### Input:\nArgument 1: Vaccines are safe and effective at preventing diseases like measles, mumps, and rubella. They have been extensively tested and proven to be safe for children and adults alike.\nArgument 2: Vaccines are dangerous and can cause serious side effects, including autism. There is no scientific evidence to support their safety or effectiveness, and they should be avoided at all costs.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Argument 2 contains an instance of confirmation bias fallacy because it only considers evidence supporting the idea that vaccines are dangerous while ignoring contrary evidence presented in Argument 1.", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nGiven a passage consisting of several paragraphs and a claim, decide whether the author agrees/disagrees/discusses/unrelated with the claim based on the contents of the passage.\n\n### Input:\nInput: Claim: The government should not be allowed to censor the internet.\nPassage: I think that the government should not be allowed to censor the internet. Everyone should have the right to communicate freely online. The Constitution gives us freedom of speech, and I do not think that the government has the right to take away that freedom. Censoring the internet is unconstitutional.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "agrees", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nGiven two argumentative discourse units, determine whether they are part of a single argument or not.\n\n### Input:\nInput: ADU1: However, being vegetarian requires more vigilance in terms of sufficient vitamins, which meat eaters need not concern.\nADU2: Overall, being vegetarian is easier on the environment", "role": "user" }, { "content": "No", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nThe argument draws unwarranted conclusions from limited or incomplete information, jumping to premature judgments before all relevant factors have been considered.\n\n### Input:\nInput: Argument: The only issue I have is that the volume starts to degrade a little bit after about six months and I find I have to buy a new pair every year or so.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "No", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nGiven a premise, generate an argument that is valid and novel.\n\n### Input:\nClimate change is a hoax perpetrated by scientists who want to make money off of grants.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Climate change is a hoax perpetrated by scientists who want to make money off of grants because there is no scientific evidence to support the claim that climate change is caused by human activity. Additionally, the majority of scientists who study climate change do not receive funding from the government or other organizations. Finally, the effects of climate change are already being felt around the world, and they are only going to get worse if we do not take action to address the problem.", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nAn argumentation should be seen as deductively valid if the truth of its premises logically guarantees the truth of its conclusion. notice that logical validity is independent of the actual truth of the premises. also notice that the evaluation of logical validity requires knowledge of formal logic. how would you rate the deductive validity of the author’s argumentation on the scale \"1\" (low), \"2\" (average) or \"3\" (high)?\n\n### Input:\nInput: If you are against abortion, then you must also be against the death penalty. You cannot say that killing a fetus is wrong but killing a murderer is right.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "3", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nGiven an argument, determine whether it is valid or not. if the argument is invalid, provide a counterexample.\n\n### Input:\nInput: Argument: If the government is going to spend money on something, it should be spent on education. The government is spending money on education. Therefore, the government is doing a good thing.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Valid", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nGiven a set of arguments, flag any cases where the author is using straw man fallacy (i.e., setting up a weaker version of someone else’s argument so they can easily knock it down).\n\n### Input:\nInput: Argument 1: I think that, to some extent, romantic movies can leave an impression on viewers about what they think their real life relationships should be. However, I don't think it's a bad thing because it gives people something to strive for and hope for in their own lives.\nArgument 2: Romantic movies are damaging to real relationships because they give people unrealistic expectations of what love is supposed to be like. People who watch these movies often end up disappointed when their own relationships don't live up to the Hollywood ideal.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yes", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nIn this task we ask you to identify argumentative sentences in text and classify them as claims or premises.\n\n### Input:\nInput: The only issue I have is that the volume starts to degrade a little bit after about six months and I find I have to buy a new pair every year or so.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Claim", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nIs the highlighted part an instance of appeal to emotion fallacy? appeal to emotion means using emotions as the basis for an argument rather than logic or reason. for example: “you should give money to help those poor starving children.”\n\n### Input:\nInput: Argument: I think that, to some extent, romantic movies can leave an impression on viewers about what they think their real life relationships should be. For example, if a girl watches a movie where the guy is always buying flowers and chocolates for his girlfriend, she might expect her boyfriend to do the same thing. If he doesn't, then she might feel like he doesn't love her as much as the guy in the movie loves his girlfriend.\nHighlight: she might feel like he doesn't love her as much as the guy in the movie loves his girlfriend", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yes", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nGiven a set of claims, identify those that rely on anecdotal evidence rather than scientific studies or empirical research.\n\n### Input:\nInput: Claim: I have a friend who is a vegetarian and she has been sick for the past 3 years. She has had to go to the hospital several times because of her sicknesses. I think that being a vegetarian can make you sick.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yes", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nGiven an argument, identify which parts use climax (building up to a final point).\n\n### Input:\nI think that the death penalty is a good thing. It deters crime, and it makes sure that criminals don't get out of prison to commit more crimes. The death penalty also saves money because we don't have to pay for their food and housing in prison. And most importantly, it gives closure to the families of victims. Finally, it's just plain justice.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Climax: And most importantly, it gives closure to the families of victims. Finally, it's just plain justice.", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nGiven an argument, decide if its conclusion contains a appeal to authority fallacy. appeal to authority fallacies involve citing experts who support an idea but failing to provide any actual evidence for the claim.\n\n### Input:\nInput: Argument: I think that the death penalty is a good thing. It's not like we're killing innocent people, and it's not like they don't deserve it. If you kill someone, you should be killed too. That's what my dad always says.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yes", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nIdentify whether the following statement is an assumption or not (yes/no).\n\n### Input:\nInput: The fact that the majority of people in a country are not religious does not mean that religion is not important to them.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "yes", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nThe given text is an example of a slippery slope fallacy if the author presents a series of events as inevitable consequences of each other, even though there may be no logical connection between them.\n\n### Input:\nInput: If we allow gay marriage, then what's next? People marrying their pets? Or maybe people will want to marry trees or rocks. This will be a slippery slope with no restraints.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yes", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nGiven a claim and an article that supports this claim, extract all possible supporting evidence from the article.\n\n### Input:\nClaim: The United States should not have a nationalized health care system.\nArticle: A nationalized health care system would be too expensive for the government to maintain. It would also limit patient choice and lead to long wait times for treatment. In addition, it would create an incentive for doctors to provide unnecessary treatments in order to make more money. Finally, it would lead to rationing of care, which could result in people not getting the treatment they need.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Evidence 0: A nationalized health care system would be too expensive for the government to maintain.\nEvidence 1: It would also limit patient choice and lead to long wait times for treatment.\nEvidence 2: In addition, it would create an incentive for doctors to provide unnecessary treatments in order to make more money.\nEvidence 3: Finally, it would lead to rationing of care, which could result in people not getting the treatment they need.", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nAn argument is valid when its conclusion follows logically from its premises. which one of the following conclusions is most valid?\n\n### Input:\nInput: Premise: The only way to stop the spread of AIDS is to educate people about it.\nConclusion A: Educating people about AIDS will help stop its spread.\nConclusion B: People should be educated about AIDS.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Conclusion A", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nCherry picking involves selecting only those pieces of information that support one's own viewpoint while ignoring contradictory evidence. decide whether the second argument contains cherry picking against the first argument.\n\n### Input:\nInput: Argument 1: I believe that the death penalty should be abolished because it is cruel and unusual punishment. It also costs more to execute someone than to keep them in prison for life.\nArgument 2: The death penalty is not cruel and unusual punishment. It is a just punishment for heinous crimes.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "No", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nIs this argument transformative? would it change how people see themselves and the world around them?\n\n### Input:\nInput: Argument: The only issue I have is that the volume starts to degrade a little bit after about six months and I find I have to buy a new pair every year or so.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "No", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nGiven two arguments, decide which one contains more factual claims. ``` { \"version\": { \"epoch\": 15, \"name\": \"v1.5\" }, \"data\": [ { \"id\": \"task00001\", \"metadata\": [], \"input_data\": { \"arguments\": [ { \"argument_id\": \"arg_001\", \"text\": \"i agree with this statement. it's true that smoking causes lung cancer.\", \"meta\": {} }, { \"argument_id\": \"arg_002\", \"text\": \"smoking doesn't cause any health problems at all! in fact, it actually helps people live longer than they otherwise would have lived!\", \"meta\": {} } ], \"question_stance_reasoning_type\": \"is eating meat healthy?;no;pathos\", \"topic\": \"should animals be kept in zoos?\", \"debate_context\": \"\", \"review\": \"this movie was terrible! i hated every minute of it!\" }, \"output_label\": { \"answer_choice\": \"argument b is less convincing because it is unclear, or hard to follow.\" } }, { \"id\": \"task00002\", \"metadata\": [], \"input_data\": { \"arguments\": [ { \"argument_id\": \"arg_003\", \"text\": \"the government has no right to tell us what we can and cannot do with our own bodies. if someone wants to smoke cigarettes, then let them! they know the risks involved and still choose to take those risks anyway\n\n### Input:\n{ \"version\": { \"epoch\": 15, \"name\": \"v1.5\" }, \"data\": [ { \"id\": \"task00001\", \"metadata\": [], \"input_data\": { \"arguments\": [ { \"argument_id\": \"arg_001\", \"text\": \"i agree with this statement. it's true that smoking causes lung cancer.\", \"meta\": {} }, { \"argument_id\": \"arg_002\", \"text\": \"smoking doesn't cause any health problems at all! in fact, it actually helps people live longer than they otherwise would have lived!\", \"meta\": {} } ], \"question_stance_reasoning_type\": \"is eating meat healthy?;no;pathos\", \"topic\": \"should animals be kept in zoos?\", \"debate_context\": \"\", \"review\": \"this movie was terrible! i hated every minute of it!\" }, \"output_label\": { \"answer_choice\": \"argument b is less convincing because it is unclear, or hard to follow.\" } }, { \"id\": \"task00002\", \"metadata\": [], \"input_data\": { \"arguments\": [ { \"argument_id\": \"arg_003\", \"text\": \"the government has no right to tell us what we can and cannot do with our own bodies. if someone wants to smoke cigarettes, then let them! they know the risks involved and still choose to take those risks anyway", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Argument A contains more factual claims than argument B.", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nAgree or disagree with the perspective expressed in the following argument: \"censorship protects children from harmful content online.\"\n\n### Input:\nInput: Argument: I think that censorship is a good thing because it protects children from harmful content online. It also helps to keep the internet safe for everyone.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Agree", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nAn argumentation should be seen as being globally acceptable if it is fair towards both sides of the given issue. this means that the argumentation should present the pros and cons of the issue in an objective manner, and should not try to manipulate the reader by using biased language or false information. how would you rate the degree of global acceptability of the author’s argumentation on the scale \"1\" (low), \"2\" (average) or \"3\" (high\n\n### Input:\nInput: The death penalty should be abolished because it is not an effective deterrent against crime. Studies have shown that states with the death penalty do not have lower crime rates than states without the death penalty. In addition, the death penalty is expensive to administer because of the lengthy appeals process. Finally, there is always the possibility of executing an innocent person.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "2", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nIs the highlighted part an instance of special pleading fallacy? a special pleading fallacy occurs when someone makes an exception for themselves while denying others similar exceptions.\n\n### Input:\nInput: Argument: The only reason why I would support the death penalty is if there was no chance of rehabilitation for the criminal. For example, if the person has committed multiple murders or rapes, then I believe that they should be put to death because they are a danger to society and will never change their ways.\nHighlight: For example, if the person has committed multiple murders or rapes", "role": "user" }, { "content": "No", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nPublic health: professionals use argumentation to inform communities about disease prevention measures and encourage healthy behaviors like vaccination and hand washing.\n\n### Input:\nTopic: Should the government require all children to be vaccinated?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Vaccines are a safe and effective way to prevent serious diseases. They have been proven to be safe and effective in preventing many serious diseases, including measles, mumps, rubella, polio, diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis (whooping cough), hepatitis B, and varicella (chickenpox). The benefits of vaccination far outweigh the risks. Vaccines can help protect your child from getting sick with these diseases. If you choose not to vaccinate your child, he or she may get sick with one of these diseases and spread it to others who are not vaccinated.", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nGiven a persuasive essay, determine whether there are any logical fallacies present in the argumentation presented by the author.\n\n### Input:\nInput: The author of this essay is a vegetarian. He argues that being vegetarian is better for the environment than eating meat. To support his claim, he cites several studies that show how raising livestock contributes to climate change. He also points out that vegetarians tend to have lower carbon footprints than meat eaters. Overall, I think his argument is strong and well-supported.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "No", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nWhy do we need philosophy anyway - isn't science enough?\n\n### Input:\nPhilosophy is the study of general and fundamental problems, such as those connected with reality, existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language. Philosophy is distinguished from other ways of addressing such problems by its critical, generally systematic approach and its reliance on rational argument.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Philosophy is a way to understand the world around us. It helps us to think critically about our beliefs and values, and to question the assumptions that we make about the world. Philosophy can also help us to develop new ideas and perspectives, and to see things in a different light. In short, philosophy is a tool for understanding the world and ourselves, and it can be used to improve our lives in many ways.", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nGiven a list of pros and cons associated with particular policy decision, evaluate strength of arguments presented against potential consequences arising out of implementation thereof while also taking into account opinions expressed by experts in field.\n\n### Input:\nPros:\n1. It will help reduce crime rates as people won't need to carry cash anymore.\n2. It'll make transactions faster and easier since there won't be any physical money involved.\n3. People who don't want to use credit cards can still pay with their phones instead.\n\nCons:\n1. Some people might not feel comfortable giving up all of their privacy just so they can buy things online.\n2. There could potentially be security issues if someone steals your phone or hacks into it somehow.\n3. Not everyone has access to smartphones yet, especially those living in rural areas where internet connectivity may not always be reliable.\n\nExpert Opinions:\n1. \"I think this idea is great! I've been waiting for something like this for years now.\"\n2. \"This sounds like a terrible idea...what happens when my phone gets stolen?\"\n3. \"The government shouldn't force us to give up our rights just because some criminals decided to start robbing banks again.\"", "role": "user" }, { "content": "The pros outweigh the cons here. While there are certainly legitimate concerns about privacy and security, these seem relatively minor compared to the benefits of reducing crime and making payments more convenient. Additionally, most experts agree that this type of system would likely lead to fewer robberies overall due to increased surveillance capabilities. Overall, I'd say this proposal looks promising but needs further study before being implemented nationwide.", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nGiven an argumentative discourse unit (adu) and a central claim, determine the argumentative role of the adu with respect to the central claim. the adu can have one of the following roles: proponent, opponent or neutral\n\n### Input:\nInput: Central claim: The death penalty is a necessary evil.\nADU: It is not an effective deterrent, as there are many other ways to prevent crime.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "opponent", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nIt provides evidence that supports its claim.\n\n### Input:\nInput: Claim: The United States should not have a national health care system.\nEvidence: In the United Kingdom, where there is a national health care system, people wait months for surgery.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yes", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nGiven an argument, determine whether it takes advantage of people's ignorance or lack of knowledge about a subject matter or not.\n\n### Input:\nInput: Argument: I think that the government should not be allowed to regulate what we eat. It is our choice and if we want to eat something that is bad for us, then it is our own fault. The government should not be able to tell us what we can and cannot eat.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yes", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nClassify the argument according to its validity.\n\n### Input:\nInput: Premise: If you are a good person, then you will go to heaven.\nPremise: You are not a good person.\nConclusion: Therefore, you will not go to heaven.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Invalid", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nGiven an argument and a set of checkpoints, decide whether each checkpoint serves as a marker indicating where the argument stands at any given moment.\n\n### Input:\nInput: Argument: The ecosystem needs this delicate balance, In the absence of wolves and other large predators, humans become the deer population control to keep to deer from over-grazing regional flora. There are many benefits to recycling, It also makes people feel like they are really making an impact on the environment by doing something that is very easy and doesn't take much time to do.\nCheckpoint: Humans become the deer population control to keep to deer from over-grazing regional flora.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "No", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nGiven a claim along with context information on the debate, determine if the claim would be considered acceptable in the debate\n\n### Input:\nInput: Claim: It's makes sense to me that marriage should be treated like a business partnership. I believe the basic risks are no different. \nCurrently experiencing a divorce, I have no doubts that money, time, and peace of mind would be preserved with an agreement put in place before marriage.\nContext information: Topic: Should marriage be treated as a business partnership?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "No", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nGiven a set of claims from different sources, identify which ones have global sufficiency where all the premises together provide enough evidence to justify the conclusion.\n\n### Input:\nClaim 1: The death penalty is a just punishment for the most heinous crimes.\nPremise 1: The death penalty is a just punishment for the most heinous crimes because it provides closure to victims' families.\nPremise 2: The death penalty is a just punishment for the most heinous crimes because it deters other criminals from committing similar acts.\nClaim 2: The death penalty is not a just punishment for any crime.\nPremise 1: The death penalty is not a just punishment for any crime because it is irreversible and can be applied to innocent people.\nPremise 2: The death penalty is not a just punishment for any crime because it does not deter other criminals from committing similar acts.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Claim 1", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nDoes the comment contain information relevant to the topic? please judge according to whether there is at least some part of the comment that contributes something meaningful to the discussion. how would you rate the relevance of the comment on the scale \"1\" (low), \"2\" (average) or \"3\" (high)?\n\n### Input:\nInput: I think that the death penalty is a good thing. It keeps our streets clean and it makes people think twice before they commit a crime.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "1", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nEspionage: spies use argumentation to deceive targets, infiltrate organizations, and extract secrets.\n\n### Input:\nYou are a spy. Your mission is to infiltrate the organization of your target and extract secrets from them. To do this, you must convince your target that you are someone they can trust. You will need to use argumentation to deceive your target and gain their trust.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "I am a member of the same organization as your target. I have been working with them for years and know all of their secrets. I can help you get what you want from them.", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nDetermine whether the argument can be identified as deductive or not.\n\n### Input:\nInput: The sun has risen every day for the past 10,000 years. Therefore, it will rise tomorrow.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "No", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nPublic speaking: public speakers use argumentation to deliver engaging and informative presentations.\n\n### Input:\nTopic: Should college athletes be paid?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "College athletes are students who participate in sports at the collegiate level. They are typically not paid for their participation, although they may receive scholarships or other forms of financial aid. Some people believe that college athletes should be paid for their time and effort. They argue that these athletes generate a lot of revenue for their schools and deserve to be compensated for their work. Others believe that paying college athletes would create an unfair advantage for some schools over others. What do you think? Should college athletes be paid?", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nArgument persuasiveness refers to the power of the argument to convince readers of the correctness of the thesis: how persuasive is the argument? score the persuasiveness of the given argumentative essay using the following scoring range: 1.0 (argument is not at all persuasive) 1.5 2.0 (argument is slightly persuasive) 2.5 3.0 (argument is very persuasive)\n\n### Input:\nInput: I think that the death penalty should be abolished because it is not a deterrent to crime, it is expensive and it is cruel and unusual punishment.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "1.0", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nGiven an argument, decide whether the argument has a straw man fallacy or not.\n\n### Input:\nInput: Argument: The problem with this argument is that it assumes that all of the people who are on death row are guilty. This is simply not true. There have been many cases where people were convicted of murder and sentenced to death, only to later be found innocent.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "No", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nA straw man fallacy occurs when someone misrepresents their opponent’s position in order to make it easier to attack. decide whether the argument commits a straw man fallacy or does not commit a straw man fallacy\n\n### Input:\nInput: Argument: I think that the death penalty is wrong. It is immoral to kill someone, even if they have committed a crime.\nPremise: The death penalty is wrong because it is immoral to kill someone.\nConclusion: Therefore, we should abolish the death penalty.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Does not commit a straw man fallacy", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nIdentify the main points made in the argument and summarize them in your own words.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "I think that gay marriage should be legal. Everyone deserves the right to marry the person they love, regardless of gender. Gay couples are just as capable of raising children as straight couples are. In fact, studies have shown that children raised by same-sex parents are just as well-adjusted as those raised by opposite-sex parents. Legalizing gay marriage would also help reduce discrimination against LGBT people.", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nThis paragraph contains several unsupported assertions. can you point out at least three such claims and suggest ways to improve them by citing relevant sources or providing further explanations?\n\n### Input:\nThe United States is a country that has been built on the backs of immigrants. From the very beginning, people from all over the world have come to America in search of a better life. And for many years, they were welcomed with open arms. But now, things are changing. The current administration is trying to make it harder for immigrants to come to this country, and even those who are already here are facing increased scrutiny and hostility. This is not only unfair, but it's also bad for the economy. Immigrants are an important part of our workforce, and they contribute billions of dollars to the economy every year. They also help to create jobs and businesses. So why are we making it so difficult for them? It's time to stand up for immigrants and fight for their rights.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "1) \"The United States is a country that has been built on the backs of immigrants.\" - This claim could be supported by citing statistics about the number of immigrants who have come to the US over the years, as well as their contributions to the economy and society.\n2) \"But now, things are changing.\" - This claim could be supported by citing specific examples of how the current administration is making it harder for immigrants to come to the US, such as changes to visa policies or increased deportations.\n3) \"This is not only unfair, but it's also bad for the economy.\" - This claim could be supported by citing statistics about the economic contributions of immigrants, as well as studies that show how immigration can benefit the economy.", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nAn argument is missing completeness if it does not contain all of the information necessary for readers to assess its validity and soundness. decide whether the argument lacks completeness or does not lack completeness\n\n### Input:\nInput: Argument: The ecosystem needs this delicate balance, In the absence of wolves and other large predators, humans become the deer population control to keep to deer from over-grazing regional flora.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Does Not Lack Completeness", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nIdentify any circular reasoning fallacies present - when someone uses the same premise to prove the conclusion as they used to prove the premise.\n\n### Input:\nWe should not allow gay marriage because it is against the will of God. How do we know that it is against the will of God? Because the Bible tells us so.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Circular reasoning fallacy", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nThe following argument is not convincing because it has language issues, bad grammar, uses humor, jokes or sarcasm. please fix these problems and rephrase the argument so that it becomes more persuasive.\n\n### Input:\nI'm against the death penalty because it's cruel and unusual punishment. It's also racist and classist, since most of the people who are executed are poor and minorities. And finally, it doesn't deter crime - studies have shown that states with the death penalty actually have higher murder rates than states without it.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "The death penalty is a barbaric practice that has no place in a civilized society. It is cruel and unusual punishment, and it disproportionately affects poor people and minorities. Furthermore, there is no evidence that it deters crime - in fact, states with the death penalty actually have higher murder rates than states without it. We should abolish the death penalty and focus on rehabilitation and prevention instead.", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nGiven the following argument, decide whether it contains an ad hominem fallacy. ad hominem is a fallacy in which someone attacks his opponent's character rather than their arguments.\n\n### Input:\nInput: Argument: I think that the people who are against gay marriage are just a bunch of bigots. They don't have any good arguments, so they should just shut up.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yes", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nIf we take everything written here at face value without questioning anything further then how likely do you think our society would collapse due solely based off those beliefs alone? please explain your reasoning behind whatever score out of ten points (with zero meaning not very probable) you choose after reading through every single word carefully twice just like normal humans read books before making decisions regarding life choices etcetera…\n\n### Input:\nInput: I think that our society would probably collapse if we took everything written here at face value without questioning anything further. The reason for this is that many of the beliefs expressed in these writings are very extreme and could lead to conflict and violence if they were actually put into practice. For example, some of the beliefs about race and gender relations could easily lead to discrimination and even violence against certain groups of people. Additionally, some of the beliefs about religion could lead to intolerance and persecution of those who do not share the same beliefs. Overall, I think that taking these beliefs at face value would create a lot of tension and conflict within our society, which could eventually lead to its collapse.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "5", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nGiven an argumentative claim and its context (i.e., the whole debate), rewrite the claim so that it becomes clearer and easier to understand without changing its main point.\n\n### Input:\nClaim: I think that the death penalty is a good thing because it deters crime.\nContext: The death penalty is a good thing because it deters crime. If people know that they will be put to death if they commit certain crimes, then they are less likely to commit those crimes. This means that fewer people will be victims of violent crimes. Some people might argue that the death penalty is not a deterrent, but there is evidence to suggest that it is. In states where the death penalty is used, there are fewer murders than in states where it is not used. This shows that the death penalty does deter crime and makes society safer for everyone.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "I think that the death penalty is a good thing because it deters crime. If people know that they will be put to death if they commit certain crimes, then they are less likely to commit those crimes. This means that fewer people will be victims of violent crimes. Some people might argue that the death penalty is not a deterrent, but there is evidence to suggest that it is. In states where the death penalty is used, there are fewer murders than in states where it is not used. This shows that the death penalty does deter crime and makes society safer for everyone.", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nGiven a claim, determine which premises best support it.\n\n### Input:\nClaim: The United States should not have mandatory military service.\nPremise 1: Mandatory military service would be a violation of the Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution, which prohibits slavery and involuntary servitude.\nPremise 2: Mandatory military service would be an unnecessary burden on the economy.\nPremise 3: Mandatory military service would be a violation of the First Amendment to the Constitution, which guarantees freedom of speech and religion.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Premise 1", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nA premise is a claim made by the author that supports their main conclusion. a backing is additional evidence provided to support a premise. identify all premises and backings in the argument.\n\n### Input:\nI believe that the death penalty should be abolished. It is an ineffective deterrent to crime, and it is morally wrong. There are many other ways to punish criminals without resorting to killing them.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Premise 0: It is an ineffective deterrent to crime\nPremise 1: it is morally wrong\nBacking 0: There are many other ways to punish criminals without resorting to killing them.", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nAn argumentative discourse unit (adu) is an elementary segment of text that can either contain a claim, a premise, or both. it may also contain additional information like evidence or reasoning. the task is to identify adus in the given comment.\n\n### Input:\nInput: Comment: The ecosystem needs this delicate balance, In the absence of wolves and other large predators, humans become the deer population control to keep to deer from over-grazing regional flora.\nADU: Humans have become the deer population control.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Premise", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nA good argument should have a clear claim, relevant reasons, and appropriate warrants. the warrant provides justification for the relationship between the reason and the claim. for example, in the following argument: claim: the car is old reason: it has 200,000 miles warrant: cars typically last around 150,000 miles the warrant justifies the connection between the reason and the claim by explaining why having a high mileage indicates that the car is old. identify the missing warrant from the list below:\n\n### Input:\nInput: Claim: The car is worth buying.\nReason: It has 200,000 miles.\nWarrant 1: Cars typically last around 150,000 miles.\nWarrant 2: Cars with high mileage often have mechanical problems.\nWarrant 3: Cars are a good investment.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Warrant 3", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nGiven a political debate between two candidates, analyze their positions on various issues and try to predict who will win the election based solely on those stances.\n\n### Input:\nCandidate A: I believe that we need to invest more in education and infrastructure. We also need to raise taxes on the wealthy so that everyone can have a fair shot at success.\nCandidate B: I think we should cut taxes across the board and reduce government spending. This will create jobs and stimulate economic growth.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Based on these positions, it seems likely that Candidate A will win the election. They are proposing policies that will benefit the majority of people, while Candidate B is only interested in helping the rich get richer.", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nDetermine whether the following argument makes any unsupported claims or assertions.\n\n### Input:\nInput: Argument: The only issue I have is that the volume starts to degrade a little bit after about six months and I find I have to buy a new pair every year or so.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "No", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nIs the highlighted part an instance of ad hominem fallacy? ad hominem attacks involve attacking the character or credibility of someone rather than addressing their actual arguments. for example: “you’re just saying that because you’re a democrat!”\n\n### Input:\nInput: Argument: The only issue I have is that the volume starts to degrade a little bit after about six“and I find I have to buy a new pair every year or so. But they are worth it, especially for the price.\nHighlighted part: They are worth it, especially for the price.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "No", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nAssess the credibility of the source cited in the passage above. is the source reliable enough so we could trust what he says without further verification?\n\n### Input:\nInput: Passage: I think that the government should not be allowed to use torture because it is against human rights. If we allow our government to use torture then what will stop other countries from doing the same thing? We need to set an example for the rest of the world by not allowing torture.\nSource: http://www.debate.org/opinions/should-the-government-be-allowed-to-use-torture", "role": "user" }, { "content": "No", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nGiven a set of arguments, evaluate their rhetorical effectiveness, considering factors such as style, tone, word choice, and use of language devices.\n\n### Input:\nArgument 1: The death penalty is a necessary evil. It deters crime and ensures that criminals are punished for their actions.\nArgument 2: The death penalty is an outdated and barbaric practice. It does not deter crime and it violates the basic human right to life.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Argument 1 is more rhetorically effective than Argument 2 because it uses strong language and appeals to emotion. Argument 2, on the other hand, relies on logic and reason, which may not be as persuasive to some people.", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nGiven a set of arguments, evaluate their consistency by checking whether any of the arguments contradict each other.\n\n### Input:\nArgument 1: The death penalty is a good thing because it deters crime.\nArgument 2: The death penalty is not a good thing because it does not deter crime.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Contradiction", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nSoftware engineering: software engineers use argumentation to design and implement computer programs, addressing technical challenges and user needs.\n\n### Input:\nThe software should be designed to be user-friendly and easy to navigate.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "The software should be designed to be user-friendly and easy to navigate because it will make the user experience more enjoyable and efficient. Additionally, a well-designed interface can help reduce errors and improve productivity.", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nGiven the following argument, decide whether it contains a burden of proof fallacy. a burden of proof fallacy is when a speaker asserts a claim must be accepted unless proven otherwise.\n\n### Input:\nInput: Argument: I think that the government should be able to regulate what people can and cannot do with their bodies. If they are not allowed to do this, then there is no way to stop people from doing things that could harm themselves or others.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yes", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nAn ad hominem argument attacks the person rather than the issue at hand. the following are some examples of ad hominem arguments:\n\n### Input:\nInput: Argument A: I think you're being a little too harsh on yourself. You're not a bad person, you're just going through a tough time right now. It's okay to feel down sometimes, but don't let it consume you. Talk to someone if you need to, or just take some time for yourself. You'll get through this.\nArgument B: I'm sorry to hear that you're feeling down. It sounds like you're going through a tough time right now. If you ever need to talk, I'm here for you. Just remember that you're not alone and that things will get better.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Argument A", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nGiven a set of claims and evidence, generate adjustments that modify existing arrangements so they better align with new circumstances arising out of each claim.\n\n### Input:\nClaim 1: The current system of taxation is unfair to the poor.\nEvidence 1: The rich pay less in taxes than the poor, as a percentage of their income.\nClaim 2: The current system of taxation is unfair to the rich.\nEvidence 2: The rich pay more in taxes than the poor, as a percentage of their income.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Adjustment 1: Increase the tax rate on the rich.\nAdjustment 2: Decrease the tax rate on the poor.", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nAn argument is fallacious if it includes mistakes in logic (e.g., straw man, ad hominem attack). decide whether the argument is fallacious or not fallacious\n\n### Input:\nInput: Argument: I think that the death penalty is a good thing. It's not like we're killing innocent people, and it's not like they don't deserve it. If you kill someone, you should be killed too.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "fallacious", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nIdentify which of these statements are claims and which are reasons.\n\n### Input:\n1. The government should not be allowed to monitor our phone calls and emails.\n2. It is a violation of our right to privacy.\n3. We have the right to free speech.\n4. The government has no business knowing what we say or write.\n5. If they can listen in on our conversations, then they can control us.\n6. They could use this information against us.\n7. This would give them too much power over us.\n8. We need to protect our rights as citizens.\n9. The government should not be able to spy on its own people.\n10. This is an invasion of our privacy.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Claim: 1. The government should not be allowed to monitor our phone calls and emails.\nReason: 2. It is a violation of our right to privacy.\nClaim: 3. We have the right to free speech.\nReason: 4. The government has no business knowing what we say or write.\nReason: 5. If they can listen in on our conversations, then they can control us.\nReason: 6. They could use this information against us.\nReason: 7. This would give them too much power over us.\nReason: 8. We need to protect our rights as citizens.\nClaim: 9. The government should not be able to spy on its own people.\nReason: 10. This is an invasion of our privacy.", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nGiven a list of arguments on a topic, find ones that use false cause wherein they assume that one event causes another without sufficient evidence.\n\n### Input:\nTopic: Should the United States continue to use capital punishment (the death penalty)?\nArgument 1: The death penalty is a just punishment for those who commit heinous crimes. It is not cruel and unusual, but rather fair and just.\nArgument 2: Capital punishment is an effective deterrent against crime. Studies have shown that states with the death penalty have lower crime rates than those without it.\nArgument 3: The death penalty is necessary to protect society from dangerous criminals. Without it, these criminals would be free to commit more crimes and harm innocent people.\nArgument 4: The death penalty is a waste of taxpayer money. It costs more to execute someone than to keep them in prison for life.\nArgument 5: The death penalty is racially biased. African Americans are more likely to be sentenced to death than whites, even when they commit similar crimes.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Argument 2", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nHuman rights: advocates use argumentation to demand justice, expose abuses, and secure freedoms.\n\n### Input:\nThe right to education is a basic human right. Every individual, irrespective of race, gender, nationality, ethnicity or social origin, has the right to a free elementary and fundamental education.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Education is a fundamental human right that should be accessible to everyone, regardless of their background or circumstances. It is essential for personal development, economic growth, and social progress. By ensuring that everyone has access to quality education, we can create a more just and equitable society.", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nGiven a controversial topic and an argumentative claim, generate a definition essay that defines key terms related to the topic at hand and explains how they relate to each other within the context of the larger debate.\n\n### Input:\nTopic: Should college athletes be paid?\nClaim: College athletes should not be paid because they are already receiving scholarships and other benefits.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "A scholarship is a form of financial aid given to students who demonstrate academic excellence or athletic ability. Scholarships can cover tuition, room and board, books, and other expenses associated with attending college. Some people argue that college athletes should be paid because they generate revenue for their schools through ticket sales and merchandise sales. Others say that paying athletes would create an unfair advantage over non-athletes who do not receive any compensation for their time spent at school. In this essay, I will define what a scholarship is and discuss both sides of the argument about whether or not college athletes should be paid.", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nGiven an argument, detect whether there are any correlation-implies-causation fallacy present - where causality is implied by a statistical correlation between two variables, though no such causality has been established.\n\n### Input:\nInput: Argument: The only issue I have is that the volume starts to degrade a little bit after about six months and I find I have to buy a new pair every year or so.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "No", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nMake recommendations about what additional research needs to be done before reaching a conclusion.\n\n### Input:\nIs hunting good or bad for the environment?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Hunting is good for the environment because overpopulated species can be thinned out. Getting rid of an overpopulation enables the smaller animals in the food chain to grow. It also allows for nature to take back the woods and grasslands, which will also enable other wildlife to grow. Some people may object to hunting on the basis of humane treatment of animals. Animals do not necessarily feel pain as we do, and if there are not enough resources to sustain an overpopulation, then a quick bullet or arrow is better than slow starvation.", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nDecide whether the statement below is an argument or not.\n\n### Input:\nInput: I think that, to some extent, romantic movies can leave an impression on viewers about what they think their real life relationships should be.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "No", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nIs the following sentence an example of non sequitur fallacy? non sequitur is when a speaker’s conclusion does not follow logically from their premises.\n\n### Input:\nInput: I am a human being. Therefore, I have the right to vote.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "No", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nGiven an opinionated document about a specific topic, identify all argumentative sentences in the document.\n\n### Input:\nInput: I bought these headphones for my wife as she wanted something with good sound quality, but also comfortable enough to wear while working out.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Non-argumentative", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nAn argument is personal attack if the author attacks other’s character or personality instead of their argument. decide whether the argument is personal attack or not personal attack\n\n### Input:\nInput: Argument: The problem with this argument is that it assumes that all people who use social media are doing so for the same reasons. This is simply not true. Some people use social media to stay in touch with friends and family, while others use it as a way to connect with like-minded individuals.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "not personal attack", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nGiven the following claim-evidence pair, decide whether the claim... ...is supported by the evidence. ...is refuted by the evidence. ...has no relation to the evidence.\n\n### Input:\nInput: Claim: The United States should not have a national health care system.\nEvidence: In 2009, the U.S. spent $7,960 per person on health care, more than any other country in the world.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "is supported by the evidence", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nGiven an argument, determine whether it uses burden of proof fallacy by requiring opponents to disprove claims rather than proving them themselves.\n\n### Input:\nInput: Argument: The only issue I have is that the volume starts to degrade a little bit after about six months and I find I have to buy a new pair every year or so.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "No", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nThe context for this task is a set of arguments with their respective stance (for/against) towards a specific topic. for example: topic: is global warming a problem? argument 1: global warming is not a problem because we can just adapt to it. stance: against argument 2: global warming is a problem because it will cause sea levels to rise. stance: for your task is to predict which stance (for or against) each argument takes regarding the given topic.\n\n### Input:\nInput: Topic: Is global warming a problem?\nArgument: Global warming is a problem because it will cause sea levels to rise.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "for", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nIf not, why not? and if yes, can you explain your reasoning behind agreeing with them?\n\n### Input:\nI think that the death penalty should be abolished because it is not a deterrent to crime. It also costs more money to execute someone than to keep them in prison for life.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yes, I agree with this statement. The death penalty does not deter crime and it is expensive to carry out executions. Additionally, there is always the possibility of executing an innocent person which would be a tragedy.", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nGiven an argument, identify whether there are any equivocation fallacies present - deliberately confusing two or more meanings of the same word or expression.\n\n### Input:\nInput: Argument: I think that the death penalty is a good thing. It's not like we're killing innocent people, and it's not like they don't deserve it. If you kill someone, you should be killed too.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yes", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nThe most important points from the first argument are:\n\n### Input:\nI don't think that the death penalty is a good thing. It doesn't deter crime, and it's not fair to kill someone just because they killed someone else.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "The most important points from the first argument are:\n1) The death penalty does not deter crime\n2) It's not fair to kill someone just because they killed someone else", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nAn argument is a set of statements, one of which (the conclusion) is supported by the others (the premises). the premise may be either an assumption or evidence. given the following two arguments, determine whether they are valid.\n\n### Input:\nInput: Argument 1: Premise: All men are mortal.\nPremise: Socrates is a man.\nConclusion: Therefore, all men are mortal.\nArgument 2: Premise: If you are not a citizen of the United States, then you cannot vote in elections.\nPremise: You are not a citizen of the United States.\nConclusion: Therefore, you cannot vote in elections.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "No", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nGiven an argument, determine whether it is a statement of fact.\n\n### Input:\nInput: Argument: The United States is a country in North America.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yes", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nAn argument is missing completeness if it leaves out important details or ignores alternative perspectives. decide whether the argument lacks completeness or does not lack completeness\n\n### Input:\nInput: Argument: The death penalty should be abolished because it is not an effective deterrent, it is morally wrong, and it is more expensive than life in prison.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Does Not Lack Completeness", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nGiven an argumentative claim, use more advanced syntax structures like conditionals (\"if...then...\", \"when...then...\" etc.), modals (\"can\", \"must\" etc.) or conjunctions (\"and\", \"but\" etc.) appropriately.\n\n### Input:\nWe should not allow children under 18 to use social media.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Children under 18 must not be allowed to use social media.", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nCommunication studies: argumentation is used in communication studies discourse to support or refute media effects, persuasion techniques, and interpersonal relationships.\n\n### Input:\nPersuasion techniques are effective.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Persuasion techniques are effective because they allow people to influence others' thoughts and behaviors. They can be used to convince someone to do something that they may not have otherwise done. Additionally, persuasion techniques can be used to change someone's opinion or attitude about something.", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nGiven a set of arguments, point out those utilizing genetic fallacy wherein someone’s ancestry is used to discredit them.\n\n### Input:\nArgument 1: I'm not going to listen to what you have to say about gun control because you're a liberal.\nArgument 2: You can't tell me how to raise my kids because you don't have any.\nArgument 3: I don't care what you think about climate change because you're not a scientist.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Argument 1, Argument 3", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nGiven an argument, decide if it is based on an appeal to popularity, meaning it argues that something must be true because many people believe it.\n\n### Input:\nInput: Argument: I think that the majority of people would agree with me when I say that it is not right to kill another human being. Therefore, abortion should be illegal.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yes", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nConsider the following argumentative text in which each sentence is annotated as either premise (p) or conclusion (c). your task is to identify the correct structure for this argument by selecting one of the four options below.\n\n### Input:\nInput: p1: The death penalty is a cruel and unusual punishment.\np2: Cruel and unusual punishments are unconstitutional.\nc1: Therefore, the death penalty is unconstitutional.\nOption 1:\np1 -> c1\np2 -> c1\nOption 2:\np1 -> c1\np2 <- c1\nOption 3:\np1 <- c1\np2 -> c1\nOption 4:\np1 <- c1\np2 <- c1", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Option 2", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nGiven a pair of sentences, identify which one is more persuasive.\n\n### Input:\nInput: Sentence 1: I think that the death penalty is a good thing because it deters crime and makes people think twice before they commit a crime.\nSentence 2: The death penalty is not a good thing because it does not deter crime and it is inhumane.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Sentence 1", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nGiven the following argument, decide whether it contains an appeal to emotion fallacy. an appeal to emotion fallacy occurs when an arguer tries to evoke strong feelings in order to sway people's opinions instead of presenting relevant evidence or sound reasoning.\n\n### Input:\nInput: Argument: I think that the death penalty is a good thing. It's not like we're killing innocent people, these are people who have committed horrible crimes and deserve to die.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yes", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nGiven a premise, rank the three conclusions based on how persuasive they are when combined with the premise to form an argument.\n\n### Input:\nPremise: The death penalty is an effective deterrent for crime.\nConclusion 1: The death penalty is an effective deterrent for crime because it deters people from committing crimes.\nConclusion 2: The death penalty is an effective deterrent for crime because it prevents criminals from committing more crimes.\nConclusion 3: The death penalty is an effective deterrent for crime because it makes people think twice before they commit a crime.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Conclusion 2 > Conclusion 3 > Conclusion 1", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nDecide whether the following argument shows lack of objectivity: the writer seems to be biased towards one side.\n\n### Input:\nInput: Argument: I think that the death penalty is a good thing. It deters crime, and it makes sure that people who commit crimes are punished for what they did. If someone kills another person, then they should be killed too.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yes", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nDetermine whether an argument supports the position that meat consumption leads to negative health effects or not.\n\n### Input:\nInput: Argument: I think that the health effects of meat consumption are negative. The human body is not designed to digest meat, and it takes a lot of energy to do so. This can lead to fatigue and other health problems.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Yes", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nDecide whether the given text contains an instance of the fallacy straw man (sm). if it does contain such an instance, mark its boundaries by selecting the corresponding text span. sm occurs if someone misrepresents an opponent's position in order to attack a weaker version of this position.\n\n### Input:\nInput: Text: The problem with this argument is that it assumes that all people are equally capable of making decisions about their own lives. This is simply not true. Some people are more capable than others, and some people are less capable than others. The fact that some people are more capable than others does not mean that they should be allowed to make decisions for everyone else.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "No", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nGiven a claim and the corresponding big issue, predict whether the user agrees with the stance of the claim or not.\n\n### Input:\nInput: Claim: I think that, to some extent, romantic movies can leave an impression on viewers about what they think their real life relationships should be.\nBig issue: Do romantic movies have a negative impact on people's expectations of real-life relationships?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Agree", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nGiven a set of arguments, recognize when the author engages in gambler's fallacy by believing random sequences must eventually balance each other out leading to unlikely results.\n\n### Input:\nInput: Argument: I think that the lottery is a bad thing. It gives people false hope and it hurts the state. The odds are against you and even if you do play, you probably won't win.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "No", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\nGiven an argument, identify any black-or-white fallacies present - when someone insists that there are only two choices regarding a complex question.\n\n### Input:\nThe only way to stop the spread of AIDS is to quarantine all HIV-positive people.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Black-or-white fallacy", "role": "assistant" } ]

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