metadata

tags:
  - sentence-transformers
  - sentence-similarity
  - feature-extraction
  - generated_from_trainer
  - dataset_size:40000
  - loss:TripletLoss
base_model: allenai/specter2_aug2023refresh_base
widget:
  - source_sentence: >-
      Abstract Simple and rapid voltammetric method for simultaneous
      determination of all trans retinyl acetate (RAc) or all trans retinyl
      palmitate (RPa) and tocopheryl acetate (TOAc) has been proposed. The
      respective method was based on the anodic oxidation of the compounds of
      interest by squarewave voltammetry in acetone with mol L LiClO at the
      glassy carbon electrode. The procedure was also beneficial with respect to
      simple dissolution of sample directly in the supporting electrolyte. The
      all trans retinyl acetate could be quantified in two linear ranges ( mol L
      and mol L ) and tocopheryl acetate in linear range mol L with detection
      limits of mol L RAc (or mol L RPa) and of mol L TOAc. Selected commercial
      cosmetic products were analysed achieving satisfactory recoveries.
    sentences:
      - >-
        The nitrification inhibitors (NIs) -dimethylpyrazole (DMPP) and
        dicyandiamide (DCD) can effectively reduce N0 O emissions; however,
        which species are targeted and the effect of these NIs on the microbial
        nitrifier community is still unclear. Here, we identified the ammonia
        oxidizing bacteria (AOB) species linked to N0 O emissions and evaluated
        the effects of urea and urea with DCD and DMPP on the nitrifying
        community in a day field experiment under sugarcane. Using an amoA AOB
        amplicon sequencing approach and mining a previous dataset of 00S rRNA
        sequences, we characterized the most likely N0 O-producing AOB as a
        Nitrosospira spp. and identified Nitrosospira (AOB), Nitrososphaera
        (archaeal ammonia oxidizer) and Nitrospira (nitrite-oxidizer) as the
        most abundant, present nitrifiers. The fertilizer treatments had no
        effect on the alpha and beta diversities of the AOB communities.
        Interestingly, we found three clusters of co-varying variables with
        nitrifier operational taxonomic units (OTUs): the N0 O-producing AOB
        Nitrosospira with N0 O, NO0- , NH0+ , water-filled pore space (WFPS) and
        pH; AOA Nitrososphaera with NO0- , NH0+ and pH; and AOA Nitrososphaera
        and NOB Nitrospira with NH0+ , which suggests different drivers. These
        results support the co-occurrence of non-N0 O-producing Nitrososphaera
        and Nitrospira in the unfertilized soils and the promotion of N0
        O-producing Nitrosospira under urea fertilization. Further, we suggest
        that DMPP is a more effective NI than DCD in tropical soil under
        sugarcane.
      - >-
        In order to achieve cost efficiency, customer satisfaction and also to
        concentrate on core business operations, many manufacturing firms are
        outsourcing their logistics activities to third party logistics (0PLs)
        provider. Reverse logistics is one type of logistics in which used
        products or end-of-life products are collected from the
        customers/retailers and send for reuse, refurbishing, recycling and/or
        remanufacturing. The third party reverse logistics provider (0PRLP) who
        is performing the reverse logistics operations is under a pressure of
        reducing the transportation cost between the customers and the
        collecting centre. Decreasing transport costs can be achieved through
        better utilization of resources such as vehicles (i.e. through proper
        vehicle routing). This study aims to find the optimal routes which will
        minimize the total distance traveled and corresponding transportation
        costs for a 0PRLP who transports the used tires from various customers
        to the centralized depot for the purpose of tire
        remanufacturing/retreading. A hybrid approach of combining Sweep and
        Clarke-Wright savings algorithm with Simulated Annealing (SA) algorithm
        is proposed in this study and also the results of SA are compared with
        Sweep and Clarke-Wright savings algorithm results.
      - >-
        Abstract Orientin, eriodictyol and robinin are polyphenolic compounds,
        and their oxidation mechanism is pHdependent, in two steps, involving a
        different number of electrons and protons. Orientin and eriodictyol
        first oxidation occurs at a lower potential, corresponding to the
        reversible oxidation of the catechol group, and is followed by an
        irreversible oxidation on the ringA at more positive potential. Robenin
        oxidation is irreversible, with the formation of electroactive products,
        and occurs at ringA and ringB. The electrochemical characterization of
        their redox behaviour brought useful data about their chemical
        stability, antioxidant and prooxidant activity, enabling a comprehensive
        understanding of their redox mechanism.
  - source_sentence: >-
      This work studied the degradation of polyethylene terephthalate by ethanol
      with and without catalysts. The degradation without catalyst, PET was
      introduced into an autoclave with ethanol and heated at the temperature of
      000o C for , and hours. After heating it was cooled down to room
      temperature, amd the product was taken to check percentage yield by the
      Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrometer. In case of using the catalysts,
      cobalt acetate, zinc acetate and stannous chloride were used. The results
      showed that the degradation with the catalysts obtained percentage yield
      of product, diethylene terephthalate (DET), higher than without catalyst
      for this purpose than zinc acetate and stannous chloride, respectively.
      The DET yield increased with an increase in the reaction time.
    sentences:
      - >-
        Poplars and willows planted on farms for soil conservation and shelter
        are also potential sources of supplementary forage. The objective of
        this paper is to provide information that assists in the estimation of
        the value of poplar and willow forage. The quantity of forage in trees
        and branches was measured and non-destructive methods for estimating
        forage yield were evaluated. The edible forage dry matter (DM) of -
        -year-old trees ranged from - kg DM/tree. The edible forage yield of
        poplar and willow branches with a basal diameter (BD) up to mm was shown
        to be estimated from kg DM = BD - . The nutritive values of poplars and
        willows were found to be similar, but the concentration of condensed
        tannins was usually higher in willows. Tree bark was found to have
        sufficient nutritive value to be stripped from trees for its feed value
        by livestock. Cattle were observed to be able to browse willows to a
        height of 0m and to eat stems with a diameter from to mm. Keywords:
        browse estimation, condensed tannins, nutritive value, poplar,
        supplements, willow
      - >-
        In Lake Rogoznica, a small saline and eutrophic lake on the coast of the
        Adriatic Sea, the copepod Acartia (Acanthacartia) italica Steuer, is
        common, occasionally as an extremely dense population. This phenomenon
        provided an opportunity for a redescription of the adults and for
        description of the developmental stages. The segmentation and setation
        patterns of the antennules, antennae and mandibles of A. italica are
        analysed in detail through the naupliar and copepodid phases and the
        other limbs are analysed through the copepodid phase. In addition, wider
        comparisons are made with available data for other species of the
        subgenus Acanthacartia Steuer, .
      - >-
        This research studied the effect of other plastics blending on the
        degradation of polypropylene by mixing polyethylene and polystyrene as
        impurities with polypropylene in concentrations of %, %, % and % by
        weight and pyrolysing under nitrogen atmosphere. From the thermal
        analysis by Thermo gravimetric analyzer (TGA), it is found that the
        virgin polypropylene was degraded at oC and that for polyethylene
        blending on polypropylene, the temperature of degradation was increased
        to the range of oC and for polrstyrene blending on polypropylene,
        temperature was decreased to the range of oC. The pyrolysis of plastics
        mixtures in various ratios at oC gave oil, gas and residue as product.
        The oil and gas are mixture of micro molecular hydrocarbon and their
        derivatives which could be served as feedstock for light olifins
        manufacture in the same way as crude petroleum
  - source_sentence: >-
      Abstract Full-length A0- and A0- , N-truncated pyroglutamate A0- and A0-
      are major variants in the Alzheimer brain. A0- has not been considered as
      a therapeutic target yet. We demonstrate that the antibody NT0X and its
      Fab fragment reacting with both the free N-terminus of A0-x and
      pyroglutamate A0-X mitigated neuron loss in Tg0- mice expressing A0- and
      completely rescued spatial reference memory deficits after passive
      immunization. NT0X and its Fab fragment also rescued working memory
      deficits in wild type mice induced by intraventricular injection of A0- .
      NT0X reduced pyroglutamate A0-x, Ax- and Thioflavin-S positive plaque load
      after passive immunization of 0XFAD mice. A0-x and Ax- plaque deposits
      were unchanged. Importantly, for the first time, we demonstrate that
      passive immunization using the antibody NT0X is therapeutically beneficial
      in Alzheimer mouse models showing that N-truncated A starting with
      position four in addition to pyroglutamate A0-x is a relevant target to
      fight Alzheimer's disease.
    sentences:
      - >-
        Abstract Maternal hypoglycaemia throughout gestation until gestation day
        (GD) delays foetal growth and skeletal development. While partially
        prevented by return to normoglycaemia after completed organogenesis
        (GD00), underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, we
        investigated the pathogenesis of these changes and significance of
        maternal hypoglycaemia extending beyond organogenesis in non-diabetic
        rats. Pregnant rats received insulin-infusion until GD00 or GD00, with
        sacrifice on GD00. Hypoglycaemia throughout gestation increased maternal
        corticosterone levels, which correlated with foetal levels. Growth
        plates displayed central histopathologic changes comprising disrupted
        cellular organisation, hypertrophic chondrocytes, and decreased cellular
        density; expression of pro-angiogenic factors, HIF- and VEGF-A increased
        in surrounding areas. Disproportionately decreased growth plate zone
        volumes and lower expression of the structural protein MATN- were seen,
        while bone ossification parameters were normal. Ending maternal/foetal
        hypoglycaemia on GD00 reduced incidence and severity of histopathologic
        changes and with normal growth plate volume. Compromised foetal skeletal
        development following maternal hypoglycaemia throughout gestation is
        hypothesised to result from corticosterone-induced hypoxia in growth
        plates, where hypoxia disrupts chondrocyte maturation and growth plate
        structure and volume, decreasing long bone growth. Maternal/foetal
        hypoglycaemia lasting only until GD00 attenuated these changes,
        suggesting a pivotal role of glucose in growth plate development.
      - >-
        The observation of significant neutron yield from gas loaded titanium
        samples at Frascati in April opened up an alternate pathway to the
        investigation of anomalous nuclear phenomena in deuterium/solid systems,
        complimenting the electrolytic approach. Since then at least six
        different groups have successfully measured burst neutron emission from
        deuterated titanium shavings following the Frascati methodology, the
        special feature of which was the use of liquid nitrogen to create
        repeated thermal cycles resulting in the production of nonequilibrium
        conditions in the deuterated samples. At Trombay several variations of
        the gas loading procedure have been investigated including induction
        heating of single machined titanium targets in a glass chamber as well
        as use of a plasma focus device for deuteriding its central titanium
        electrode. Stemming from earlier observations both at BARC and elsewhere
        that tritium yield is times higher than neutron output in cold fusion
        experiments, we have channelised our efforts to the search for tritium
        rather than neutrons. The presence of tritium in a variety gas/plasma
        loaded titanium samples has been established successfully through a
        direct measurement of the radiations emitted as a result of tritium
        decay, in contradistinction to other groups who have looked for tritium
        in the extracted gases. In some samples we have thus observed tritium
        levels of over MBq with a corresponding (t/d) ratio of .
      - >-
        Two small areas of middle Paleozoic limestone were discovered near
        Gertrude Creek, km north of Becharof Lake on the Alaska Peninsula,
        during reconnaissance flying as part of the Alaska Mineral Resource
        Assessment Program (AMRAP) for the Alaska Peninsula. Previously, the
        only known occurrence of Paleozoic rocks on the Alaska Peninsula was a
        small exposure of middle Permian limestone on an island at the entrance
        to Puale Bay (Hanson, ). This is the first reported occurrence of middle
        Paleozoic rocks in what is considered to be a Mesozoic and Tertiary
        province.
  - source_sentence: >-
      Nature Reserve now has become one of the foci of tourism.There are a
      number of arguments and treaties on tourism exploitation in this special
      area.Unfortunately,in the process of dealing with the conflicts between
      reservation and exploition,we emphasizes the latter,and neglects its
      prerequisite-reservation;as a result,inappropriate tourism development has
      destroyed the local ecosystem to some extent.This article makes an inquiry
      into the advantages and factual condition of tourism development in Nature
      Reserve,analyses emphatically the ecological risks caused by blind tourism
      exploitation,points out that the Nature Reserve should be exploited
      appropriately under protecting conditions and finally puts forward the
      countermeasures against the problem.
    sentences:
      - >-
        This study involved studying fatigue crack propagation in
        elastic-plastic and linear elastic fracture mechanics LEFM fracture
        mechanics EPFM for each bovine and cadaveric human cortical bone. The
        results of the fatigue crack propagation showed that the fatigue crack
        propagation in elastic-plastic fracture mechanics is better than fatigue
        crack propagation in linear elastic fracture mechanics for comparison of
        the bone at small frequencies. Therefore, fatigue crack growth rate in
        cadaveric human bone is larger than bovine cortical bone. In addition,
        the cutting of the bone by hand saw is the better method than any an
        electric cutting machine.
      - >-
        Bacteriolyses of bacterial cell walls by zinc () ions on the basis of
        the results of halo antibacterial susceptibility tests were investigated
        for the nitrate and the sulfate solutions.From the results obtained by
        halo antibacterial tests of sulfate solutions against Staphylococcus
        epidermidis, the antibacterial order is Zn + >Cu + >Ag + >Al + , in
        which Zn + ions indicate the highest antibacterial effect.Bacteriolysis
        of S.aureus PGN cell wall by zinc ion is due to the inhibition of PGN
        elongation by the activation of PGN autolysins of amidases and
        side-chain endopeptidase.On the other hand, bacteriolysis of E.coli cell
        wall by zinc ions is attributed to the destruction of outer membrane
        structure due to degradative enzymes of lipoproteins at N-and
        C-terminals, and also is dependent on the activities of PGN hydrolases
        and autolysins of amidases and carboxypeptidase-transpeptidase.Zinc ions
        induced ROS such as O0 -, H0O0, OH, OH -producing in bacterial cell wall
        occur oxidative stress.
      - >-
        There are some different tendencies in Hu Feng and he Qifang's
        new-poetry-creation (One is about the struggling at the bottom of
        society. The other is about the reciting poetry with a cadence in the
        ivory tower. ) After engaged in the theoreti-cal research, Hu has
        independent and individual theoretical character and he still combines
        his theory with his creative experience from beginning to end. However,
        He catches obvious dogmatism and often neglects the creative experience.
        While some inde-pendent thoughts of latter is inwardly interlinked with
        the criticized former. But each of them believes himself right. There is
        pro-found and deep cultural connotation under social environment.
  - source_sentence: >-
      The aim of the study is to describe our experience with ultrasound guided
      drainage of tubo-ovarian abscess with concomitant use of antibiotics in a
      second level center. Seven women diagnosed with a tubo-ovarian abscess and
      treated with transvaginal ultrasound guided drainage with concomitant use
      of antibiotics, between January and January , were reviewed. Intravenous
      antibiotics were administered as soon as the diagnosis was reached and
      transvaginal ultrasound guided aspiration of the abscess material was
      performed within hours with no need of anaesthesia. Transvaginal route was
      used since it provides a better visualization and access to the region of
      interest than other ultrasound routes. All cases but one ( %) improved
      clinically within hours of aspiration and only one required surgery due to
      refilling of a bilateral tubo-ovarian abscess hours after drainage. Mean
      hospital stay was days (range - ). No procedure related complications were
      diagnosed. A follow up ultrasound six months after the drainage showed in
      cases sonographic markers of chronic tubal inflammatory disease but in all
      cases the patients remained asymptomatic. Transvaginal ultrasound-guided
      drainage with concomitant antibiotics appears to be a safe, efficacious
      and well tolerated procedure in the treatment approach of tubo-ovarian
      abscess as reported in the literature. We consider this approach as a
      feasible alternative to surgical drainage whenever indicated.
    sentences:
      - >-
        To compare the usefulness and accuracy of sonographically guided
        endometrial biopsies. After obtaining informed consents endometrial
        biopsies were performed using ultrasound guidance in patients followed
        by operative hysteroscopy. Diagnostic accuracy and treatment efficiency
        for sono guidance were established. The hysteroscopic procedure was in
        all cases started by using a fore-oblique mm hysteroscope (Karl Storz®️
        Endoscopy-America, Inc. Corporate Pointe, Culver City, CA - ) with a
        diagnostic sleeve through the cervical os (Karl Storz®️
        Endoscopy-America, Inc. Corporate Pointe, Culver City, CA - ), without
        prior dilatation of the cervix. The catheter used for the polypectomy
        was an "Intrauterine Access Balloon Catheter" (Cook OB/GYN®️ West Morgan
        Street, P.O. Box , Spencer, Indiana ). Successful sonographic management
        of the endometrial pathology had been achieved in patients ( %).
        Endometrial polyps had been completely removed under sonographic
        guidance in patients, partially in as confirmed by hysteroscopy. All
        incompletely removed polyps were of large size (> cm), the remnants were
        taken out hysteroscopically. Targeted endometrial biopsy was performed
        under sono guidance in patients. The completion of the procedure was
        confirmed by hysteroscopy. Targeted endometrial biopsies and polyp
        removal can be successfully performed under sonographic guidance. Large
        size endometrial polyps may require hysteroscopy.
      - >-
        Aqueous colloidal suspensions of clay platelets display a sol/gel
        transition that is not yet understood. Depending on the nature of the
        clay, liquid-crystalline behavior may also be observed. For example, the
        suspensions of beidellite display a nematic phase whereas those of
        montmorillonite do not. Both beidellite and montmorillonite have a "TOT"
        structure but the structural electric charge is located in the
        tetrahedral layer for the former and in the octahedral layer for the
        latter. We built a setup to perform SAXS experiments on complex fluids
        submitted to an electric field in situ. We found that the fluid nematic
        phase of beidellite suspensions readily aligns in the field. However,
        the field had no influence on the gels, showing that the orientational
        degrees of freedom of the platelets are effectively frozen. Moreover,
        strong platelet alignment was induced by the field in the isotropic
        phase of both clays, in a similar way, regardless of their ability to
        form a nematic phase. This surprising result would suggest that the
        orientational degrees of freedom are not directly involved in the
        sol/gel transition. The ability to induce orientational order in the
        isotropic phase of clay suspensions can be exploited to prepare
        materials of controlled anisotropy.
      - >-
        The article is devoted to the peculiarities of the paid domestic labor
        market in the Russian economy. It is shown that this market is
        characterized by the following features: weak state regulation; a high
        proportion of internal and external migrants; a wide spread of the
        shadow economy and informal labor relations; gender differences; the
        presence in the market of an "elite" segment of workers providing
        higher-quality and highly paid services, and a segment of workers
        performing temporary, episodic work. It is proved on the basis of market
        analysis that there is a predominant demand for skilled labor, and wages
        are at or above the national average. It is concluded that further
        efforts are needed to legalize the work of domestic workers within the
        framework of the state employment policy.
pipeline_tag: sentence-similarity
library_name: sentence-transformers
metrics:
  - cosine_accuracy
model-index:
  - name: SentenceTransformer based on allenai/specter2_aug2023refresh_base
    results:
      - task:
          type: triplet
          name: Triplet
        dataset:
          name: 'specter 2 '
          type: specter_2_
        metrics:
          - type: cosine_accuracy
            value: 0.934125
            name: Cosine Accuracy
      - task:
          type: triplet
          name: Triplet
        dataset:
          name: discipline tuned specter 2 010
          type: discipline-tuned_specter_2_010
        metrics:
          - type: cosine_accuracy
            value: 0.93575
            name: Cosine Accuracy

SentenceTransformer based on allenai/specter2_aug2023refresh_base

This is a sentence-transformers model finetuned from allenai/specter2_aug2023refresh_base. It maps sentences & paragraphs to a 768-dimensional dense vector space and can be used for semantic textual similarity, semantic search, paraphrase mining, text classification, clustering, and more.

Model Details

Model Description

Model Type: Sentence Transformer
Base model: allenai/specter2_aug2023refresh_base
Maximum Sequence Length: 512 tokens
Output Dimensionality: 768 dimensions
Similarity Function: Cosine Similarity

Model Sources

Documentation: Sentence Transformers Documentation
Repository: Sentence Transformers on GitHub
Hugging Face: Sentence Transformers on Hugging Face

Full Model Architecture

SentenceTransformer(
  (0): Transformer({'max_seq_length': 512, 'do_lower_case': False}) with Transformer model: BertModel 
  (1): Pooling({'word_embedding_dimension': 768, 'pooling_mode_cls_token': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_tokens': True, 'pooling_mode_max_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_sqrt_len_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_weightedmean_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_lasttoken': False, 'include_prompt': True})
  (2): Normalize()
)

Usage

Direct Usage (Sentence Transformers)

First install the Sentence Transformers library:

pip install -U sentence-transformers

Then you can load this model and run inference.

from sentence_transformers import SentenceTransformer

# Download from the 🤗 Hub
model = SentenceTransformer("m7n/discipline-tuned_specter_2_010")
# Run inference
sentences = [
    'The aim of the study is to describe our experience with ultrasound guided drainage of tubo-ovarian abscess with concomitant use of antibiotics in a second level center. Seven women diagnosed with a tubo-ovarian abscess and treated with transvaginal ultrasound guided drainage with concomitant use of antibiotics, between January and January , were reviewed. Intravenous antibiotics were administered as soon as the diagnosis was reached and transvaginal ultrasound guided aspiration of the abscess material was performed within hours with no need of anaesthesia. Transvaginal route was used since it provides a better visualization and access to the region of interest than other ultrasound routes. All cases but one ( %) improved clinically within hours of aspiration and only one required surgery due to refilling of a bilateral tubo-ovarian abscess hours after drainage. Mean hospital stay was days (range - ). No procedure related complications were diagnosed. A follow up ultrasound six months after the drainage showed in cases sonographic markers of chronic tubal inflammatory disease but in all cases the patients remained asymptomatic. Transvaginal ultrasound-guided drainage with concomitant antibiotics appears to be a safe, efficacious and well tolerated procedure in the treatment approach of tubo-ovarian abscess as reported in the literature. We consider this approach as a feasible alternative to surgical drainage whenever indicated.',
    'To compare the usefulness and accuracy of sonographically guided endometrial biopsies. After obtaining informed consents endometrial biopsies were performed using ultrasound guidance in patients followed by operative hysteroscopy. Diagnostic accuracy and treatment efficiency for sono guidance were established. The hysteroscopic procedure was in all cases started by using a fore-oblique mm hysteroscope (Karl Storz®️ Endoscopy-America, Inc. Corporate Pointe, Culver City, CA - ) with a diagnostic sleeve through the cervical os (Karl Storz®️ Endoscopy-America, Inc. Corporate Pointe, Culver City, CA - ), without prior dilatation of the cervix. The catheter used for the polypectomy was an "Intrauterine Access Balloon Catheter" (Cook OB/GYN®️ West Morgan Street, P.O. Box , Spencer, Indiana ). Successful sonographic management of the endometrial pathology had been achieved in patients ( %). Endometrial polyps had been completely removed under sonographic guidance in patients, partially in as confirmed by hysteroscopy. All incompletely removed polyps were of large size (> cm), the remnants were taken out hysteroscopically. Targeted endometrial biopsy was performed under sono guidance in patients. The completion of the procedure was confirmed by hysteroscopy. Targeted endometrial biopsies and polyp removal can be successfully performed under sonographic guidance. Large size endometrial polyps may require hysteroscopy.',
    'The article is devoted to the peculiarities of the paid domestic labor market in the Russian economy. It is shown that this market is characterized by the following features: weak state regulation; a high proportion of internal and external migrants; a wide spread of the shadow economy and informal labor relations; gender differences; the presence in the market of an "elite" segment of workers providing higher-quality and highly paid services, and a segment of workers performing temporary, episodic work. It is proved on the basis of market analysis that there is a predominant demand for skilled labor, and wages are at or above the national average. It is concluded that further efforts are needed to legalize the work of domestic workers within the framework of the state employment policy.',
]
embeddings = model.encode(sentences)
print(embeddings.shape)
# [3, 768]

# Get the similarity scores for the embeddings
similarities = model.similarity(embeddings, embeddings)
print(similarities.shape)
# [3, 3]

Evaluation

Metrics

Triplet

Datasets: specter_2_ and discipline-tuned_specter_2_010
Evaluated with TripletEvaluator

Metric	specter_2_	discipline-tuned_specter_2_010
cosine_accuracy	0.9341	0.9357

Training Details

Training Dataset

Unnamed Dataset

Size: 40,000 training samples
Columns: anchor, positive, and negative

Approximate statistics based on the first 1000 samples:

	anchor	positive	negative
type	string	string	string
details	min: 75 tokens mean: 231.88 tokens max: 512 tokens	min: 86 tokens mean: 228.45 tokens max: 512 tokens	min: 83 tokens mean: 238.29 tokens max: 512 tokens

Samples:

anchor	positive	negative
Self-report checklists are used to assess computer workstation set up, typically by workers not trained in ergonomic assessment or checklist interpretation.Though many checklists exist, few have been evaluated for reliability and validity.This study examined reliability and validity of the Computer Workstation Checklist (CWC) to identify mismatches between workers' self-reported workstation problems.The CWC was completed at baseline and at month to establish reliability. Validity was determined with CWC baseline data compared to an onsite workstation evaluation conducted by an expert in computer workstation assessment.Reliability ranged from fair to near perfect (prevalence-adjusted bias-adjusted kappa, - ); items with the strongest agreement were related to the input device, monitor, computer table, and document holder. The CWC had greater specificity ( of items) than sensitivity ( of items). The positive predictive value was greater than the negative predictive value for all question...	The support of good management is fundamental to the success of any safety and health program. Residential construction is a high-risk industry requiring significant commitment by management to impact day-to-day safety and health challenges. Investigators have evaluated management practices and spending trends in a cohort of residential homebuilders in the Denver metro area of Colorado. Findings suggest that companies significantly increased dollars allocated to support safety and health practices between and . In addition, the HomeSafe Pilot Program has positively impacted financial commitments of partner companies. Resource allocations were significantly greater for specific expense categories when comparing pre to post HomeSafe intervention. This paper presents data on the use of written safety and health programs, safety committees, and workers compensation premium cost containment certification, as well as allocations to safety incentive programs (SIP), personal protective equipme...	Abstract Background Traumatic brain injury (TBI) occurs in as many as million people worldwide each year and often results in one or more post-traumatic syndromes, including depression, cognitive, emotional, and behavioral deficits. TBI can also increase seizure susceptibility, as well as increase the incidence of epilepsy, a phenomenon known as post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE). Injury type and severity appear to partially predict PTE susceptibility. However, a complete mechanistic understanding of risk factors for PTE is incomplete. Main body From the earliest days of modern neuroscience, to the present day, accumulating evidence supports a significant role for neuroinflammation in the post-traumatic epileptogenic progression. Notably, substantial evidence indicates a role for astrocytes, microglia, chemokines, and cytokines in PTE progression. Although each of these mechanistic components is discussed in separate sections, it is highly likely that it is the totality of cellular and neur...
Using a rabbit in vivo joint injury model, the primary objective of the study was to determine if a relationship exists between earlier time to initiation of ketotifen fumarate (KF) treatment and posttraumatic joint contracture (PTJC) reduction. The secondary objective was to determine if a coagulation response could be detected with serial thrombelastography (TEG) analysis following acute trauma in this model.PTJC of the knee were created in skeletally mature, New Zealand White rabbits. Five groups of animals were studied: a control group that received twice daily subcutaneous injections of normal saline and treatment groups that received twice daily subcutaneous injections of KF ( mg/kg) starting immediately, -, -, and -weeks post-injury. After weeks of immobilization, flexion contractures were measured biomechanically. Serial TEG analysis was performed on the control group animals pre-injury and weekly post-injury.The average joint contracture in the Control Group ( ) was higher tha...	To compare inpatient compliance with venous thromboembolism prophylaxis regimens.A secondary analysis of patients enrolled in the ADAPT (A Different Approach to Preventing Thrombosis) randomized controlled trial.Level I trauma center.Patients with operative extremity or any pelvic or acetabular fracture requiring venous thromboembolism prophylaxis.We compared patients randomized to receive either low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) mg or aspirin mg BID during their inpatient admission.The primary outcome measure was the number of doses missed compared with prescribed number of doses.A total of patients were randomized to receive either LMWH mg BID ( patients) or aspirin mg BID ( patients). No differences observed in percentage of patients who missed a dose (aspirin: % vs LMWH: %, P = ) or mean number of missed doses ( vs doses, P = ). The majority of patients ( %, n = ) did not miss any doses. Missed doses were often associated with an operation.These data should reassure clinicians th...	In treatment of dementia, further to the use of medicine, methodological approaches have shown positive results as to the improvement of the people's condition, by employing cognitive, relational, behavioral stimulation techniques, or intervention on the surroundings. The aim of this research file is to verify the efficacy of BAPNE method as a cognitive and relational stimulation tool, on elderly patients diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease or with other kind of mild to moderate dementia. Scientific research has already given evidence of positive results of the BAPNE method on people with mild impairment, in particular concerning the executive functions. In this experiment, a sample group of elderly patients will undergo a cycle of sessions; the estimation of the quantitative results will be determined by comparing the data of the experimental sample group ( elderly patients), with those of the control group ( elderly patients). The cognitive functions and the executive functions will b...
Objective To examine the validity and usefulness of pandemic simulations aimed at informing practical decision-making in public health.Methods We recruited a multidisciplinary group of nine experts to assess a case-study simulation of influenza transmission in a Swedish county.We used a non-statistical nominal group technique to generate evaluations of the plausibility, formal validity (verification) and predictive validity of the simulation.A health-effect assessment structure was used as a framework for data collection.Findings The unpredictability of social order during disasters was not adequately addressed by simulation methods; even minor disruptions of the social order may invalidate key infrastructural assumptions underpinning current pandemic simulation models.Further, a direct relationship between model flexibility and computation time was noted.Consequently, simulation methods cannot, in practice, support integrated modifications of microbiological, epidemiological and spati...	With the onset of the coronavirus disease (COVID- ) pandemic, public health measures such as physical distancing were recommended to reduce transmission of the virus causing the disease. However, the same approach in all areas, regardless of context, may lead to measures being of limited effectiveness and having unforeseen negative consequences, such as loss of livelihoods and food insecurity. A prerequisite to planning and implementing effective, context-appropriate measures to slow community transmission is an understanding of any constraints, such as the locations where physical distancing would not be possible. Focusing on sub-Saharan Africa, we outline and discuss challenges that are faced by residents of urban informal settlements in the ongoing COVID- pandemic. We describe how new geospatial data sets can be integrated to provide more detailed information about local constraints on physical distancing and can inform planning of alternative ways to reduce transmission of COVID- b...	Since , the Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Performance Framework (HPF) reports have provided information about Indigenous Australians' health outcomes. The HPF was designed, in consultation with Indigenous stakeholder groups, to promote accountability and inform policy and research. This paper explores bridging the HPF as a theoretical construct and the publicly available data provided against its measures. A whole-of-framework, whole-of-system monitoring perspective was taken to summarise eligible indicators at the state/territory level, organised by the HPF's tier and group hierarchy. Data accompanying the and reports were used to compute improvement over time. Unit change and confidence indicators were developed to create an abstract but interpretable improvement score suitable for aggregation and visualisation at scale. The result is an exploratory methodology that summarises changes over time. An example dashboard visualisation is presented. The use of sec...

Loss: TripletLoss with these parameters:

{
    "distance_metric": "TripletDistanceMetric.COSINE",
    "triplet_margin": 0.3
}

Evaluation Dataset

Unnamed Dataset

Size: 2,000 evaluation samples
Columns: anchor, positive, and negative

Approximate statistics based on the first 1000 samples:

	anchor	positive	negative
type	string	string	string
details	min: 80 tokens mean: 231.73 tokens max: 509 tokens	min: 84 tokens mean: 236.04 tokens max: 512 tokens	min: 86 tokens mean: 233.46 tokens max: 512 tokens

Samples:

anchor	positive	negative
Abstract Objective This prospective 0year longitudinal study examined the use of coping styles of fathers and mothers of pediatric cancer patients over time and the prospective effects of coping on distress. Methods Psychological distress (General Health Questionnaire) and the use of seven coping styles (Utrecht Coping List: active problem focussing, palliative and passive reaction patterns, avoidance, social support seeking, expression of emotions, and comforting cognition) were assessed in parents shortly after diagnosis, and months, and years later. Results At diagnosis, parents' use of coping styles did not differ from the norm population except more frequent use of support seeking. No significant change over time was found in a palliative reaction pattern. Support seeking declined and emotional expression increased linearly, whereas use of the remaining coping styles decreased, followed by an increase. At years, parents' use differed from the norm population only in less use of ex...	Abstract Objective Event centrality, the degree to which a traumatic event is perceived as central to one's identity, has been associated with posttraumatic stress (PTS) symptoms and posttraumatic growth (PTG) outcomes in various trauma samples. Trauma frameworks are widely used to understand the psychological impact of pediatric cancer; however, event centrality has not been studied in this population. We investigated event centrality in pediatric cancer survivors and healthy comparisons, and its relation with PTS and PTG outcomes. Method Cancer survivors, age ( N = ) and healthy comparisons ( N = ) completed the Centrality of Events Scale and PTS and PTG measures in reference to their most traumatic life event. Cancer survivors who first identified a noncancerrelated event repeated all measures in reference to cancer. Results Centrality scores were significantly higher when referencing cancer compared to noncancer events, even in survivors for whom cancer was not rated as most stress...	Abstract Introduction To assess the reliability of short versions of the Australian National University Alzheimer's Disease Risk Index (ANUADRI). Methods A short form of the ANUADRI (ANUADRISF) was developed by assessing risk and protective factors with single questions where possible and with short forms of subquestionnaires where available. The tick box form of the ANUADRI (ANUADRITB) was developed with unique questions for each risk and protective factor for Alzheimer's disease. The short versions were evaluated in an independent community sample of participants with a mean age of (SD = , range = ). Results The short versions demonstrated high reliabilities when compared with the ANUADRI. However, the proportion of misclassification was high for some risk factors and particularly for the ANUADRITB. Discussion The ANUADRISF may be considered if less reliable questions from the ANUADRISF can be replaced with more reliable questions from the ANUADRI for risk/protective factors with hig...
The effects of glucocorticoids on estrogen-induced changes in LH secretion in the ovariectomized rat and on the estrous cycle and gonadotropin levels in the intact female rat were studied. Preliminary experiments showed that multiple injections of dexamethasone or triamcinolone acetonide (TA) inhibited the estradiol benzoate (EB)-induced elevation of LH in the ovariectomized rat. In subsequent experiments, a single injection of TA was found to inhibit the EB-induced elevation in LH in a dose-dependent manner (minimal effective dose, g) when given h after EB but not at times before EB. Single injections of dexamethasone, cortisol, or progesterone given at this time did not alter LH release. TA given h after EB also blocked the estrogen-dependent increase in pituitary responsiveness to LHRH and the priming effect of multiple injections of LHRH. The pituitary response in oil controls given TA was not altered. Cortisol implants which maintained continuously elevated levels of plasma cortis...	Abstract Hindbrain adrenergic/noradrenergic nuclei facilitate endocrine and autonomic responses to physical and psychological challenges. Neurons that synthesize adrenaline and noradrenaline target hypothalamic structures to modulate endocrine responses while descending spinal projections regulate sympathetic function. Furthermore, these neurons respond to diverse stress-related metabolic, autonomic, and psychosocial challenges. Accordingly, adrenergic and noradrenergic nuclei are integrative hubs that promote physiological adaptation to maintain homeostasis. However, the precise mechanisms through which adrenaline- and noradrenaline-synthesizing neurons sense interoceptive and exteroceptive cues to coordinate physiological responses have yet to be fully elucidated. Additionally, the regulatory role of these cells in the context of chronic stress has received limited attention. This mini-review consolidates reports from preclinical rodent studies on the organization and function of bra...	Abstract This paper will describe the scope of the Drilling, Completion, and Subsea construction activities and the approach taken by the BP Atlantis Wells Delivery Team in planning and execution. The BP Atlantis Wells Delivery Team recognized early that in order to efficiently execute all of the drilling, completion, subsea construction, and tie back operations to the producing facility, a very disciplined Project Planning and Scheduling approach would be required. A group of dedicated, competent scheduling professionals were assigned to the Drilling and Completion (D&C) Team and proved instrumental to the successful outcome. The D&C scheduling professionals complemented the other professional schedulers strategically selected for each of the project's necessary functional teams and key construction sites. The D&C Team started gaining competency in true project management through development and recruitment as early as three years ( ) prior to the start of development operations. Atla...
A discharging ear is the most common presenting symptom for ENT conditions. However, some degree of hearing loss is always present. In order to compare the degree of hearing impairment with the size and location of the perforation, we made an effort to conduct this study. The purpose of the study is to ascertain whether, and if so, what, a relationship exists between the location and extent of the tympanic membrane perforation and the severity of hearing loss. In a systematic scoping review of randomized controlled trials, each database was subjected to a unique systematic search approach. Utilizing the methodological approaches specified in the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviewers, a systematic scoping review is conducted after selection criteria, with results reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA). Tympanic membrane anomalies are the root cause of various degrees of conducive deafness. The size of the perforat...	Most head and neck cancers are derived from the mucosal epithelium in the oral cavity, pharynx andlarynx and are known collectively as head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Oral cavity cancers are generally associated with tobacco consumption, alcohol abuse,exposure to environmental pollutants and infection with viral agents, namely HPV and EBV or both, whereaspharynx cancers are increasingly attributed to infection with humanpapillomavirus (HPV), primarilyHPV- . Despiteevidence of histological progression from cellular atypia through various degrees of dysplasia,ultimately leading to invasive HNSCC, most patients are diagnosed with late-stage HNSCC without a clinically evident pre malignant lesion.	This article reflects on the capacity of Dante's Comedy, through its words and images, to permeate cultures of different eras. It may be viewed as more than a central element of culture, and as an open work characterised by fluidity and change. This essay, after examining cinematographic and literature examples, attempts to show the Comedy as an important piece of evolving semantic structure, able to resettle in many generations' imagery, perhaps even to mark the genealogy of western representation. If Dante can be understood as a classic suitable to be examined in several worlds and times, his Purgatory may be viewed as a cantica that gives voice and body to typical features of modernity in its current phase. Keywords: Sociologia della letteratura, comunicazione, Purgatorio, modernita, industria culturale

Loss: TripletLoss with these parameters:

{
    "distance_metric": "TripletDistanceMetric.COSINE",
    "triplet_margin": 0.3
}

Training Hyperparameters

Non-Default Hyperparameters

eval_strategy: steps
learning_rate: 1e-05
weight_decay: 0.01
num_train_epochs: 1
warmup_ratio: 0.1
batch_sampler: no_duplicates

All Hyperparameters

Click to expand

overwrite_output_dir: False
do_predict: False
eval_strategy: steps
prediction_loss_only: True
per_device_train_batch_size: 8
per_device_eval_batch_size: 8
per_gpu_train_batch_size: None
per_gpu_eval_batch_size: None
gradient_accumulation_steps: 1
eval_accumulation_steps: None
torch_empty_cache_steps: None
learning_rate: 1e-05
weight_decay: 0.01
adam_beta1: 0.9
adam_beta2: 0.999
adam_epsilon: 1e-08
max_grad_norm: 1.0
num_train_epochs: 1
max_steps: -1
lr_scheduler_type: linear
lr_scheduler_kwargs: {}
warmup_ratio: 0.1
warmup_steps: 0
log_level: passive
log_level_replica: warning
log_on_each_node: True
logging_nan_inf_filter: True
save_safetensors: True
save_on_each_node: False
save_only_model: False
restore_callback_states_from_checkpoint: False
no_cuda: False
use_cpu: False
use_mps_device: False
seed: 42
data_seed: None
jit_mode_eval: False
use_ipex: False
bf16: False
fp16: False
fp16_opt_level: O1
half_precision_backend: auto
bf16_full_eval: False
fp16_full_eval: False
tf32: None
local_rank: 0
ddp_backend: None
tpu_num_cores: None
tpu_metrics_debug: False
debug: []
dataloader_drop_last: False
dataloader_num_workers: 0
dataloader_prefetch_factor: None
past_index: -1
disable_tqdm: False
remove_unused_columns: True
label_names: None
load_best_model_at_end: False
ignore_data_skip: False
fsdp: []
fsdp_min_num_params: 0
fsdp_config: {'min_num_params': 0, 'xla': False, 'xla_fsdp_v2': False, 'xla_fsdp_grad_ckpt': False}
fsdp_transformer_layer_cls_to_wrap: None
accelerator_config: {'split_batches': False, 'dispatch_batches': None, 'even_batches': True, 'use_seedable_sampler': True, 'non_blocking': False, 'gradient_accumulation_kwargs': None}
deepspeed: None
label_smoothing_factor: 0.0
optim: adamw_torch
optim_args: None
adafactor: False
group_by_length: False
length_column_name: length
ddp_find_unused_parameters: None
ddp_bucket_cap_mb: None
ddp_broadcast_buffers: False
dataloader_pin_memory: True
dataloader_persistent_workers: False
skip_memory_metrics: True
use_legacy_prediction_loop: False
push_to_hub: False
resume_from_checkpoint: None
hub_model_id: None
hub_strategy: every_save
hub_private_repo: None
hub_always_push: False
gradient_checkpointing: False
gradient_checkpointing_kwargs: None
include_inputs_for_metrics: False
include_for_metrics: []
eval_do_concat_batches: True
fp16_backend: auto
push_to_hub_model_id: None
push_to_hub_organization: None
mp_parameters:
auto_find_batch_size: False
full_determinism: False
torchdynamo: None
ray_scope: last
ddp_timeout: 1800
torch_compile: False
torch_compile_backend: None
torch_compile_mode: None
dispatch_batches: None
split_batches: None
include_tokens_per_second: False
include_num_input_tokens_seen: False
neftune_noise_alpha: None
optim_target_modules: None
batch_eval_metrics: False
eval_on_start: False
use_liger_kernel: False
eval_use_gather_object: False
average_tokens_across_devices: False
prompts: None
batch_sampler: no_duplicates
multi_dataset_batch_sampler: proportional

Training Logs

Epoch	Step	Training Loss	Validation Loss	specter_2__cosine_accuracy	discipline-tuned_specter_2_010_cosine_accuracy
0	0	-	-	0.8939	-
0.02	100	0.1822	0.1227	0.9083	-
0.04	200	0.0858	0.0739	0.9191	-
0.06	300	0.0697	0.0634	0.9251	-
0.08	400	0.0553	0.0584	0.9284	-
0.1	500	0.0539	0.0552	0.9316	-
0.12	600	0.0599	0.0542	0.9329	-
0.14	700	0.0492	0.0494	0.934	-
0.16	800	0.0552	0.0495	0.9341	-
0.18	900	0.051	-	-	0.9357

Framework Versions

Python: 3.10.12
Sentence Transformers: 3.3.1
Transformers: 4.49.0.dev0
PyTorch: 2.5.1+cu121
Accelerate: 1.2.1
Datasets: 3.2.0
Tokenizers: 0.21.0

Citation

BibTeX

Sentence Transformers

@inproceedings{reimers-2019-sentence-bert,
    title = "Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networks",
    author = "Reimers, Nils and Gurevych, Iryna",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing",
    month = "11",
    year = "2019",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.10084",
}

TripletLoss

@misc{hermans2017defense,
    title={In Defense of the Triplet Loss for Person Re-Identification},
    author={Alexander Hermans and Lucas Beyer and Bastian Leibe},
    year={2017},
    eprint={1703.07737},
    archivePrefix={arXiv},
    primaryClass={cs.CV}
}