metadata

language:
  - en
tags:
  - sentence-transformers
  - sentence-similarity
  - feature-extraction
  - generated_from_trainer
  - dataset_size:80
  - loss:CoSENTLoss
base_model: abdeljalilELmajjodi/model
widget:
  - source_sentence: >-
      Two adults, one female in white, with shades and one male, gray clothes,
      walking across a street, away from a eatery with a blurred image of a dark
      colored red shirted person in the foreground.
    sentences:
      - Two people ride bicycles into a tunnel.
      - There are people just getting on a train
      - There are children present
  - source_sentence: >-
      A man with blond-hair, and a brown shirt drinking out of a public water
      fountain.
    sentences:
      - Some women are hugging on vacation.
      - The family is sitting down for dinner.
      - >-
        A blond man wearing a brown shirt is reading a book on a bench in the
        park
  - source_sentence: Two women who just had lunch hugging and saying goodbye.
    sentences:
      - There are two woman in this picture.
      - >-
        Two adults run across the street to get away from a red shirted person
        chasing them.
      - The woman is wearing black.
  - source_sentence: A woman in a green jacket and hood over her head looking towards a valley.
    sentences:
      - The woman is wearing green.
      - A woman in white.
      - A man is drinking juice.
  - source_sentence: >-
      An older man sits with his orange juice at a small table in a coffee shop
      while employees in bright colored shirts smile in the background.
    sentences:
      - They are protesting outside the capital.
      - A couple are playing frisbee with a young child at the beach.
      - A boy flips a burger.
datasets:
  - sentence-transformers/all-nli
pipeline_tag: sentence-similarity
library_name: sentence-transformers
metrics:
  - pearson_cosine
  - spearman_cosine
model-index:
  - name: SentenceTransformer based on abdeljalilELmajjodi/model
    results:
      - task:
          type: semantic-similarity
          name: Semantic Similarity
        dataset:
          name: pair score evaluator dev
          type: pair-score-evaluator-dev
        metrics:
          - type: pearson_cosine
            value: -0.12381534704198764
            name: Pearson Cosine
          - type: spearman_cosine
            value: -0.06398099132915955
            name: Spearman Cosine

SentenceTransformer based on abdeljalilELmajjodi/model

This is a sentence-transformers model finetuned from abdeljalilELmajjodi/model on the all-nli dataset. It maps sentences & paragraphs to a 1024-dimensional dense vector space and can be used for semantic textual similarity, semantic search, paraphrase mining, text classification, clustering, and more.

Model Details

Model Description

Model Type: Sentence Transformer
Base model: abdeljalilELmajjodi/model
Maximum Sequence Length: 512 tokens
Output Dimensionality: 1024 dimensions
Similarity Function: Cosine Similarity
Training Dataset:
- all-nli
Language: en

Model Sources

Documentation: Sentence Transformers Documentation
Repository: Sentence Transformers on GitHub
Hugging Face: Sentence Transformers on Hugging Face

Full Model Architecture

SentenceTransformer(
  (0): Transformer({'max_seq_length': 512, 'do_lower_case': False}) with Transformer model: XLMRobertaModel 
  (1): Pooling({'word_embedding_dimension': 1024, 'pooling_mode_cls_token': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_tokens': True, 'pooling_mode_max_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_sqrt_len_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_weightedmean_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_lasttoken': False, 'include_prompt': True})
)

Usage

Direct Usage (Sentence Transformers)

First install the Sentence Transformers library:

pip install -U sentence-transformers

Then you can load this model and run inference.

from sentence_transformers import SentenceTransformer

# Download from the 🤗 Hub
model = SentenceTransformer("sentence_transformers_model_id")
# Run inference
sentences = [
    'An older man sits with his orange juice at a small table in a coffee shop while employees in bright colored shirts smile in the background.',
    'A boy flips a burger.',
    'They are protesting outside the capital.',
]
embeddings = model.encode(sentences)
print(embeddings.shape)
# [3, 1024]

# Get the similarity scores for the embeddings
similarities = model.similarity(embeddings, embeddings)
print(similarities.shape)
# [3, 3]

Evaluation

Metrics

Semantic Similarity

Dataset: pair-score-evaluator-dev
Evaluated with EmbeddingSimilarityEvaluator

Metric	Value
pearson_cosine	-0.1238
spearman_cosine	-0.064

Training Details

Training Dataset

all-nli

Dataset: all-nli at d482672
Size: 80 training samples
Columns: sentence1, sentence2, and score
Approximate statistics based on the first 80 samples:
sentence1 sentence2 score
type string string float
details
min: 10 tokens
mean: 25.34 tokens
max: 52 tokens

min: 5 tokens
mean: 12.2 tokens
max: 29 tokens

min: 0.0
mean: 0.51
max: 1.0

	sentence1	sentence2	score
type	string	string	float
details	min: 10 tokens mean: 25.34 tokens max: 52 tokens	min: 5 tokens mean: 12.2 tokens max: 29 tokens	min: 0.0 mean: 0.51 max: 1.0

Samples:

sentence1	sentence2	score
`Two adults, one female in white, with shades and one male, gray clothes, walking across a street, away from a eatery with a blurred image of a dark colored red shirted person in the foreground.`	`Some people board a train.`	`0.0`
`A few people in a restaurant setting, one of them is drinking orange juice.`	`The people are sitting at desks in school.`	`0.0`
`The school is having a special event in order to show the american culture on how other cultures are dealt with in parties.`	`A school hosts a basketball game.`	`0.0`

Loss: CoSENTLoss with these parameters:

{
    "scale": 20.0,
    "similarity_fct": "pairwise_cos_sim"
}

Evaluation Dataset

all-nli

Dataset: all-nli at d482672
Size: 20 evaluation samples
Columns: sentence1, sentence2, and score
Approximate statistics based on the first 20 samples:
sentence1 sentence2 score
type string string float
details
min: 10 tokens
mean: 27.3 tokens
max: 52 tokens

min: 6 tokens
mean: 11.1 tokens
max: 21 tokens

min: 0.0
mean: 0.5
max: 1.0

	sentence1	sentence2	score
type	string	string	float
details	min: 10 tokens mean: 27.3 tokens max: 52 tokens	min: 6 tokens mean: 11.1 tokens max: 21 tokens	min: 0.0 mean: 0.5 max: 1.0

Samples:

sentence1	sentence2	score
`Woman in white in foreground and a man slightly behind walking with a sign for John's Pizza and Gyro in the background.`	`The woman is wearing black.`	`0.0`
`A couple play in the tide with their young son.`	`The family is sitting down for dinner.`	`0.0`
`A couple playing with a little boy on the beach.`	`A couple are playing frisbee with a young child at the beach.`	`0.5`

Loss: CoSENTLoss with these parameters:

{
    "scale": 20.0,
    "similarity_fct": "pairwise_cos_sim"
}

Training Hyperparameters

Non-Default Hyperparameters

eval_strategy: steps
num_train_epochs: 1
warmup_ratio: 0.05
bf16: True
fp16_full_eval: True
load_best_model_at_end: True
push_to_hub: True
gradient_checkpointing: True

All Hyperparameters

Click to expand

overwrite_output_dir: False
do_predict: False
eval_strategy: steps
prediction_loss_only: True
per_device_train_batch_size: 8
per_device_eval_batch_size: 8
per_gpu_train_batch_size: None
per_gpu_eval_batch_size: None
gradient_accumulation_steps: 1
eval_accumulation_steps: None
torch_empty_cache_steps: None
learning_rate: 5e-05
weight_decay: 0.0
adam_beta1: 0.9
adam_beta2: 0.999
adam_epsilon: 1e-08
max_grad_norm: 1.0
num_train_epochs: 1
max_steps: -1
lr_scheduler_type: linear
lr_scheduler_kwargs: {}
warmup_ratio: 0.05
warmup_steps: 0
log_level: passive
log_level_replica: warning
log_on_each_node: True
logging_nan_inf_filter: True
save_safetensors: True
save_on_each_node: False
save_only_model: False
restore_callback_states_from_checkpoint: False
no_cuda: False
use_cpu: False
use_mps_device: False
seed: 42
data_seed: None
jit_mode_eval: False
use_ipex: False
bf16: True
fp16: False
fp16_opt_level: O1
half_precision_backend: auto
bf16_full_eval: False
fp16_full_eval: True
tf32: None
local_rank: 0
ddp_backend: None
tpu_num_cores: None
tpu_metrics_debug: False
debug: []
dataloader_drop_last: False
dataloader_num_workers: 0
dataloader_prefetch_factor: None
past_index: -1
disable_tqdm: False
remove_unused_columns: True
label_names: None
load_best_model_at_end: True
ignore_data_skip: False
fsdp: []
fsdp_min_num_params: 0
fsdp_config: {'min_num_params': 0, 'xla': False, 'xla_fsdp_v2': False, 'xla_fsdp_grad_ckpt': False}
tp_size: 0
fsdp_transformer_layer_cls_to_wrap: None
accelerator_config: {'split_batches': False, 'dispatch_batches': None, 'even_batches': True, 'use_seedable_sampler': True, 'non_blocking': False, 'gradient_accumulation_kwargs': None}
deepspeed: None
label_smoothing_factor: 0.0
optim: adamw_torch
optim_args: None
adafactor: False
group_by_length: False
length_column_name: length
ddp_find_unused_parameters: None
ddp_bucket_cap_mb: None
ddp_broadcast_buffers: False
dataloader_pin_memory: True
dataloader_persistent_workers: False
skip_memory_metrics: True
use_legacy_prediction_loop: False
push_to_hub: True
resume_from_checkpoint: None
hub_model_id: None
hub_strategy: every_save
hub_private_repo: None
hub_always_push: False
gradient_checkpointing: True
gradient_checkpointing_kwargs: None
include_inputs_for_metrics: False
include_for_metrics: []
eval_do_concat_batches: True
fp16_backend: auto
push_to_hub_model_id: None
push_to_hub_organization: None
mp_parameters:
auto_find_batch_size: False
full_determinism: False
torchdynamo: None
ray_scope: last
ddp_timeout: 1800
torch_compile: False
torch_compile_backend: None
torch_compile_mode: None
include_tokens_per_second: False
include_num_input_tokens_seen: False
neftune_noise_alpha: None
optim_target_modules: None
batch_eval_metrics: False
eval_on_start: False
use_liger_kernel: False
eval_use_gather_object: False
average_tokens_across_devices: False
prompts: None
batch_sampler: batch_sampler
multi_dataset_batch_sampler: proportional

Training Logs

Epoch	Step	Training Loss	Validation Loss	pair-score-evaluator-dev_spearman_cosine
0.1	1	3.0033	-	-
0.5	5	2.987	-	-
1.0	10	3.0908	2.6311	-0.064

The bold row denotes the saved checkpoint.

Framework Versions

Python: 3.11.12
Sentence Transformers: 4.1.0
Transformers: 4.51.3
PyTorch: 2.6.0+cu124
Accelerate: 1.6.0
Datasets: 3.6.0
Tokenizers: 0.21.1

Citation

BibTeX

Sentence Transformers

@inproceedings{reimers-2019-sentence-bert,
    title = "Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networks",
    author = "Reimers, Nils and Gurevych, Iryna",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing",
    month = "11",
    year = "2019",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.10084",
}

CoSENTLoss

@online{kexuefm-8847,
    title={CoSENT: A more efficient sentence vector scheme than Sentence-BERT},
    author={Su Jianlin},
    year={2022},
    month={Jan},
    url={https://kexue.fm/archives/8847},
}